Don’t pass -Werror and compilation-only options to the preprocessor

Don’t pass -Werror and compilation-only options to the preprocessor

Clang emits warnings when it sees unused options, so when ccache runs
the Clang preprocessor separately, options that are not used by the
preprocessor will produce warnings. This means that the user may get
warnings which would not be present when not using ccache. And if
-Werror is present then the preprocessing step fails, which needless to
say is not optimal.

To work around this:

* Options known to have the above mentioned problem are not passed to
  the preprocessor.
* In addition, -Werror is also not passed to the preprocessor so that
  options not properly marked as “compiler only” will only trigger
  warnings, not errors.

Fixes #312.

(cherry picked from commit 5d8585b588fb9f81e741b765603053e4cadcf1ac)