This commit replaces string manipulation during `iconv_open' and iconv_prog
option parsing with a structured, flag based conversion specification. In
doing so, it alters the internal `__gconv_open' interface and accordingly
adjusts its uses.
This change fixes several hangs in the iconv program and therefore includes
a new test to exercise iconv_prog options that originally led to these hangs.
It also includes a new regression test for option handling in the iconv
function.