Unexpected QUIC post-handshake CertificateRequests are a PROTOCOL_VIOLATION

Unexpected QUIC post-handshake CertificateRequests are a PROTOCOL_VIOLATION

An OpenSSL QUIC client does not send the post_handshake_auth extension.
Therefore if a server sends a post-handsahke CertificateRequest then this
would be treated as a TLS protocol violation with an "unexpected message"
alert code. However RFC 9001 specifically requires us to treat this as
QUIC PROTOCOL_VIOLATION. So we have to translate the "unexpected message"
alert code in this one instance.

Reviewed-by: Hugo Landau <hlandau@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Tomas Mraz <tomas@openssl.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/21686)