pack-bitmap: pass `bitmapped_pack` struct to pack-reuse functions

pack-bitmap: pass `bitmapped_pack` struct to pack-reuse functions

When trying to assemble a pack with bitmaps using `--use-bitmap-index`,
`pack-objects` asks the pack-bitmap machinery for a bitmap which
indicates the set of objects we can "reuse" verbatim from on-disk.

This set is roughly comprised of: a prefix of objects in the bitmapped
pack (or preferred pack, in the case of a multi-pack reachability
bitmap), plus any other objects not included in the prefix, excluding
any deltas whose base we are not sending in the resulting pack.

The pack-bitmap machinery is responsible for computing this bitmap, and
does so with the following functions:

  - reuse_partial_packfile_from_bitmap()
  - try_partial_reuse()

In the existing implementation, the first function is responsible for
(a) marking the prefix of objects in the reusable pack, and then (b)
calling try_partial_reuse() on any remaining objects to ensure that they
are also reusable (and removing them from the bitmapped set if they are
not).

Likewise, the `try_partial_reuse()` function is responsible for checking
whether an isolated object (that is, an object from the bitmapped
pack/preferred pack not contained in the prefix from earlier) may be
reused, i.e. that it isn't a delta of an object that we are not sending
in the resulting pack.

These functions are based on two core assumptions, which we will unwind
in this and the following commits:

  1. There is only a single pack from the bitmap which is eligible for
     verbatim pack-reuse. For single-pack bitmaps, this is trivially the
     bitmapped pack. For multi-pack bitmaps, this is (currently) the
     MIDX's preferred pack.

  2. The pack eligible for reuse has its first object in bit position 0,
     and all objects from that pack follow in pack-order from that first
     bit position.

In order to perform verbatim pack reuse over multiple packs, we must
unwind these two assumptions. Most notably, in order to reuse bits from
a given packfile, we need to know the first bit position occupied by
an object form that packfile. To propagate this information around, pass
a `struct bitmapped_pack *` anywhere we previously passed a `struct
packed_git *`, since the former contains the bitmap position we're
interested in (as well as a pointer to the latter).

As an additional step, factor out a sub-routine from the main
`reuse_partial_packfile_from_bitmap()` function, called
`reuse_partial_packfile_from_bitmap_1()`. This new function will be
responsible for figuring out which objects may be reused from a single
pack, and the existing function will dispatch multiple calls to its new
helper function for each reusable pack.

Consequently, `reuse_partial_packfile_from_bitmap()` will now maintain
an array of reusable packs instead of a single such pack. We currently
expect that array to have only a single element, so this awkward state
is short-lived. It will serve as useful scaffolding in subsequent
commits as we begin to work towards enabling multi-pack reuse.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>