builtins/evalstring.c
- parse_and_execute: if SEVAL_ONECMD flag set, return immediately after
calling execute_command_internal. Final piece for fix for bug
- reported by Stephane Chazelas <stephane.chazelas@gmail.com>
+ reported by Stephane Chazelas <stephane.chazelas@gmail.com>. Part of
+ CVE-2014-6271
+
+ 9/24
+ ----
+parse.y
+ - reset_parser: reset eol_ungetc_lookahead to 0 here, since we don't want
+ shell_getc returning it on the next call. Fixes problem reported by
+ Tavis Ormandy <taviso@cmpxchg8b.com> and Michal Zalewski
+ <lcamtuf@coredump.cx>. Potentially part of CVE-2014-6271; fix for
+ CVE-2014-7169
+
+ 9/25
+ ----
+parse.y
+ - push_heredoc: new function, pushes a here-doc redirection onto
+ redir_stack handling overflow of redir_stack. Exits on overflow.
+ Original fix from Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com>
+ - change straight assignments to redir_stack to call push_redir
+ - add one to size of word_lineno stack to avoid off-by-one error
+ below in read_token_word. Overflow just results in line numbers
+ being wrong
+
+ 9/27
+ ----
+{execute_cmd,trap}.c
+ - changes to make minimal-config builds work again, mostly missing
+ #ifdefs for optional features
+
+builtins/common.c
+ - builtin_help: dummy version to be included if HELP_BUILTIN not
+ defined, for minimal-config builds
+
+variables.c
+ - initialize_shell_variables: incorporated patches from Florian
+ Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com> to change the strings bash looks
+ for when importing shell functions from the environment. It
+ adds a prefix (BASH_FUNC_) and a suffix (%%) to the name to
+ mark it as having been created by bash as an exported function.
+ Fix for remote attacks part of CVE-2014-6271 and CVE-2014-7169
+ - mk_env_string: takes new argument, indicating whether we are
+ constructing a function
+ - mk_env_string: encodes function names as described above, so
+ initialize_shell_variables can find them
+
+ 9/28
+ ----
+copy_cmd.c
+ - copy_redirects: before calling savestring on here_doc_eof, make
+ sure it's not NULL (it could have been the result of a here
+ document delimited by EOF or EOS). Fixes bug reported by
+ Michal Zalewski <lcamtuf@coredump.cx>.
+
+make_cmd.c
+ - make_redirection: initialize here_doc_eof member to NULL
--- /dev/null
+ 2/14/2011
+ ---------
+[bash-4.2 released]
+
+ 2/15
+ ----
+lib/glob/gmisc.c
+ - fix wmatchlen and umatchlen to avoid going past the end of the
+ string on an incomplete bracket expression that ends with a
+ NUL. Partial fix for bug reported by Clark Wang <dearvoid@gmail.com>
+
+ 2/16
+ ----
+subst.h
+ - new string extract flag value: SX_WORD. Used when calling
+ extract_dollar_brace_string to skip over the word in
+ ${param op word} from parameter_brace_expand
+
+subst.c
+ - change parameter_brace_expand to add SX_WORD to flags passed to
+ extract_dollar_brace_string
+ - change parameter_brace_expand to use SX_POSIXEXP for all non-posix
+ word expansion operators that treat single quotes as special, not
+ just % and #
+ - change extract_dollar_brace_string to initialize dolbrace_state to
+ DOLBRACE_WORD if SX_WORD flag supplied and we shouldn't use
+ DOLBRACE_QUOTE. Fixes bug reported by Juergen Daubert <jue@jue.li>
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document the exact expansions here strings undergo
+
+ 2/17
+ ----
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - make sure that `dd', `cc', and `yy' call vidomove_dispatch from
+ rl_domove_read_callback. Fixes bug reported by Clark Wang
+ <dearvoid@gmail.com>
+
+lib/readline/callback.c
+ - make sure _rl_internal_char_cleanup is called after the
+ vi-motion callbacks (rl_vi_domove_callback) in rl_callback_read_char.
+ Companion to above fix
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - make sure that the text describing the rhs of the == and =~
+ operators to [[ states that only the quoted portion of the pattern
+ is matched as a string
+
+ 2/18
+ ----
+lib/glob/gmisc.c
+ - better fix for umatchlen/wmatchlen: keep track of the number of
+ characters in a bracket expression as the value to increase
+ matchlen by if the bracket expression is not well-formed. Fixes
+ bug reported by Clark Wang <dearvoid@gmail.com>
+
+subst.c
+ - change expand_string_for_rhs so that it sets the W_NOSPLIT2 flag
+ in the word flags. We will not perform word splitting or quote
+ removal on the result, so we do not want to add quoted nulls if
+ we see "" or ''. Fixes bug reported by Mike Frysinger
+ <vapier@gentoo.org>
+
+ 2/19
+ ----
+variables.c
+ - new function, int chkexport(name), checks whether variable NAME is
+ exported and remakes the export environment if necessary. Returns
+ 1 if NAME is exported and 0 if not
+ - call chkexport(name) to get tzset to look at the right variable in
+ the environment when modifying TZ in sv_tz. Don't call tzset if
+ chkexport doesn't indicate that the variable is exported
+
+variables.h
+ - new extern declaration for chkexport
+
+
+{parse.y,builtins/printf.def}
+ - call sv_tz before calling localtime() when formatting time strings
+ in prompt strings or using printf. Fixes bug reported by
+ Dennis Williamson <dennistwilliamson@gmail.com>
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - modify fix of 2/9 to add casts when those variables are passed to
+ functions; some compilers throw errors instead of warnings. Report
+ and fix from Joachim Schmitz <jojo@schmitz-digital.de>
+
+support/shobj-conf
+ - add a stanza for nsk on the Tandem from Joachim Schmitz
+ <jojo@schmitz-digital.de>
+
+{shell,lib/readline/shell}.c
+ - Tandem systems should use getpwnam (getlogin()); for some reason
+ they don't do well with using getuid(). Fix from Joachim Schmitz
+ <jojo@schmitz-digital.de>
+
+ 3/1
+ ---
+variables.c
+ - make sure that the return value from find_variable is non-null
+ before trying to use it in chkexport. Fixes bug reported by
+ Evangelos Foutras <foutrelis@gmail.com>
+
+ 3/3
+ ---
+parse.y
+ - when adding $$ to the current token buffer in read_token_word(),
+ don't xmalloc a buffer for two characters and then strcpy it, just
+ copy the characters directly into the token buffer. Fix from
+ Michael Whitten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - fix expand_word_unsplit to add the W_NOSPLIT2 flag to the word to
+ be expanded, so "" doesn't add CTLNUL. Similar to fix of 2/18 to
+ expand_string_for_rhs. Fixes bug reported by Nathanael D. Noblet
+ <nathanael@gnat.ca> and Matthias Klose <doko@debian.org>
+
+parse.y
+ - fix extended_glob case of read_token_word to allocate an extra
+ space in the buffer for the next character read after the extended
+ glob specification if it's a CTLESC or CTLNUL. Report and fix from
+ Michael Witten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
+ - fix shell expansions case of read_token_word to allocate an extra
+ space in the buffer for the next character read after the shell
+ expansion if it's a CTLESC or CTLNUL. Report and fix from
+ Michael Witten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
+ - TENTATIVE: fix read_token_word to reduce the amount of buffer space
+ required to hold the translated and double-quoted value of $"..."
+ strings. Report and fix from Michael Witten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
+ - change code around got_character and got_escaped_character labels to
+ make sure that we call RESIZE_MALLOCED_BUFFER before adding the
+ CTLESC before a CTLESC or CTLNUL, and before adding the character if
+ we're not adding a CTLESC. Report and fix from
+ Michael Witten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
+
+subst.c
+ - new param flags value, PF_ASSIGNRHS, mirrors W_ASSIGNRHS, noting that
+ parameter expansion is on rhs of assignment statement. That inhibits
+ word splitting
+ - change param_expand to call string_list_dollar_at with quoted == 1
+ if PF_ASSIGNRHS is set, so it will quote IFS characters in the
+ positional parameter before separating them with the first char of
+ $IFS. This keeps the rhs from being split inappropriately. Fixes
+ bug reported by Andres Perera <andres.p@zoho.com>
+
+ 3/4
+ ---
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - add a missing free of `names' in rl_function_dumper. Bug report
+ and fix from Michael Snyder <msnyder@vmware.com>
+
+ 3/5
+ ---
+lib/readline/rltty.c
+ - change rl_deprep_terminal so it uses fileno (stdin) for the tty fd
+ if rl_instream is not set, like rl_prep_terminal
+
+ 3/6
+ ---
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - fix rl_message to use a dynamically-allocated buffer instead of a
+ fixed-size buffer of 128 chars for the `local message prompt'. Bug
+ report and fix from Micah Cowan <micah@cowan.name>
+
+ 3/7
+ ---
+jobs.c
+ - add sentinel to wait_sigint_handler so it only sets wait_sigint_received
+ if waiting_for_child is non-zero; otherwise, it restores the old
+ SIGINT handler and sends itself the SIGINT
+ - set waiting_for_child around the calls to waitchld that use it to
+ synchronously wait for a process
+ - change logic that decides whether or not the child process blocked
+ or handled SIGINT based on whether or not waitpid returns -1/EINTR
+ and the shell receives a SIGINT and the child does not exit. If
+ the child later exits due to SIGINT, cancel the assumoption that it
+ was handled
+ - instead of testing whether or not the child exited due to SIGINT
+ when deciding whether the shell should act on a SIGINT it received
+ while waiting, test whether or not we think the child caught
+ SIGINT. If it did, we let it go (unless the shell has it trapped);
+ if it did not catch it, the shell acts on the SIGINT. Fix from
+ Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>, bug report originally
+ from Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
+
+ 3/8
+ ---
+shell.c
+ - initialize no_line_editing to 1 if READLINE is not defined -- we
+ can't have line editing without readline
+
+ 3/12
+ ----
+lib/readline/signals.c
+ - add SIGHUP to the set of signals readline handles
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
+ - document that SIGHUP is now part of the set of signals readline
+ handles
+
+lib/readline/input.c
+ - if _rl_caught_signal indicates that read() was interrupted by a
+ SIGHUP or SIGTERM, return READERR or EOF as appropriate
+ - call rl_event_hook, if it's set, if call to read in rl_getc
+ returns -1/EINTR. If rl_event_hook doesn't do anything, this
+ continues the loop as before. This handles the other fatal
+ signals
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - add a couple of QUIT; calls to execute_disk_command and
+ execute_simple_command to improve responsiveness to interrupts
+ and fatal signals
+
+input.c
+ - rearrange getc_with_restart so that the return values from read()
+ are handled right
+
+parse.y
+ - don't need to set terminate_immediately in yy_stream_get, since
+ getc_with_restart checks for terminating signals itself
+ - since readline returns READERR on SIGHUP or SIGTERM, don't need
+ to set terminate_immediately. Still doesn't handle other
+ signals well -- will have to check that some more
+
+bashline.c
+ - new function, bash_event_hook, for rl_event_hook. Just checks for
+ terminating signals and acts on them using CHECK_TERMSIG.
+ - set rl_event_hook to bash_event_hook
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - take out setting terminate_immediately; add calls to CHECK_TERMSIG
+ after read calls
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - move the text describing the effect of negative subscripts used to
+ reference indexed array elements to the paragraphs describing
+ ${parameter[subscript]}, since that's where they are implemented.
+ Pointed out by Christopher F. A. Johnson <cfajohnson@gmail.com>
+
+arrayfunc.[ch],subst.c
+ - array_expand_index now takes a new first argument: a SHELL_VAR *
+ of the array variable being subscripted. Can be used later to fully
+ implement negative subscripts
+
+ 3/14
+ ----
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - fix mbskipname to not turn the directory entry name into a wide char
+ string if the conversion of the pattern to a wide char string fails
+ - fix mbskipname to call skipname if either the pattern or the filename
+ can't be converted into a wide-char string
+
+lib/glob/xmbsrtowcs.c
+ - fix xdupmbstowcs2 to handle return value of 0 from mbsnrtowcs and
+ short-circuit with failure in that case. Fixes bug reported by
+ Roman Rakus <rrakus@redhat.com>
+
+ 3/15
+ ----
+bashline.c
+ - new variable, bash_filename_quote_characters to store the value
+ assigned to rl_filename_quote_characters so it can be restored
+ if changed.
+ - change bashline_reset and attempt_shell_completion to restore
+ rl_filename_quote_characters if not set to default
+
+ 3/22
+ ----
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - wdequote_pathname falls back to udequote_pathname if xdupmbstowcs
+ fails to convert the pathname to a wide-character string
+
+lib/glob/xmbsrtowcs.c
+ - xdupmbstowcs2: change to fix problem with leading '\\' (results in
+ nms == 0, which causes it to short-circuit with failure right
+ away). Fixes bug pointed out by Werner Fink <werner@suse.de>
+ - xdupmbstowcs2: compensate for mbsnrtowcs returning 0 by taking the
+ next single-byte character and going on
+ - xdupmbstowcs2: change memory allocation to increase by WSBUF_INC
+ bytes; try to avoid calls to realloc (even if they don't actually
+ result in more memory being allocated)
+
+ 3/24
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - slightly modify BASH_SUBSHELL description based on complaint from
+ Sam Liddicott <sam@liddicott.com>
+
+ 3/25
+ ----
+trap.c
+ - change free_trap_strings to not call free_trap_string for signals
+ that are being ignored, like reset_or_restore_signal_handlers.
+ Fixes bug reported by Satoshi Takahashi <blue3waters@gmail.com>
+
+ 3/26
+ ----
+lib/readline/rltypedefs.h
+ - remove old Function/VFunction/CPFunction/CPPFunction typedefs as
+ suggested by Tom Tromey <tromey@redhat.com>
+
+lib/readline/rlstdc.h
+ - move defines for USE_VARARGS/PREFER_STDARG/PREFER_VARARGS from
+ config.h.in to here because declaration of rl_message in
+ readline.h uses the defines. This makes it hard for another packages
+ to use after the header files are installed, since config.h is not
+ one of the installed files. Suggested by Tom Tromey
+ <tromey@redhat.com>
+
+ 3/27
+ ----
+print_cmd.c
+ - change indirection_string from a static buffer to a dynamic one
+ managed by indirection_level_string(), so we don't end up truncating
+ PS4. Suggested by Dennis Williamson <dennistwilliamson@gmail.com>
+
+lib/readline/shell.c
+ - change sh_set_lines_and_columns to use static buffers instead of
+ allocating the buffers to pass to setenv/putenv
+
+lib/readline/terminal.c
+ - change _rl_get_screen_size to not call sh_set_lines_and_columns if
+ ignore_env == 0
+ - _rl_sigwinch_resize_terminal: new function to just retrieve terminal
+ size, ignoring environment
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - new external declaration for _rl_sigwinch_resize_terminal() (currently
+ unused)
+
+lib/readline/signals.c
+ - rl_sigwinch_handler: set _rl_caught_signal to SIGWINCH
+ - rl_sigwinch_handler: don't immediately call rl_resize_terminal; just
+ leave _rl_caught_signal set for RL_CHECK_SIGNALS to handle
+ - _rl_signal_handler: call rl_resize_terminal if sig == SIGWINCH.
+ Should fix hang when sending multiple repeated SIGWINCH reported by
+ Henning Bekel <h.bekel@googlemail.com>
+
+ 3/29
+ ----
+lib/sh/snprintf.c
+ - include math.h for any defines for isinf/isnan
+ - use code from gnulib documentation to implement isinf/isnan if they
+ are not defined
+
+configure.in
+ - don't check for isinf or isnan; c99 says they're macros anyway
+
+config.h.in
+ - remove defines for ISINF_IN_LIBC and ISNAN_IN_LIBC, no longer used
+ by snprintf.c
+
+ 4/2
+ ---
+braces.c
+ - brace_gobbler: fix to understand double-quoted command substitution,
+ since the shell understands unquoted comsubs. Fixes bug reported
+ by Michael Whitten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
+
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - include <pc.h> on MDOS
+ - get and set screen size using DJGPP-specific calls on MSDOS
+ - move cursor up clear screen using DJGPP-specific calls
+ - don't call tputs on DJGPP; there is no good terminfo support
+
+lib/readline/terminal.c
+ - include <pc.h> on MDOS
+ - get and set screen size using DJGPP-specific calls on MSDOS
+ - use DJGPP-specific initialization on MSDOS, zeroing all the
+ _rl_term_* variables
+ - don't call tputs on DJGPP; there is no good terminfo support
+ DJGPP support from Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
+
+ 4/6
+ ---
+
+config-top.h
+ - change DEFAULT_PATH_VALUE to something more useful and modern
+
+ 4/8
+ ---
+tests/printf2.sub
+ - make sure LC_ALL and LC_CTYPE are set so LANG assignment takes effect.
+ Reported by Cedric Arbogast <arbogast.cedric@gmail.com>
+
+ 4/11
+ ----
+include/chartypes.h
+ - fix a couple of dicey defines (though ones that don't cause any
+ compiler warnings) in IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN
+
+doc/{bashref.texi,bash.1}
+ - add note referring to duplicating file descriptors in sections
+ describing redirecting stdout and stderr and appending to stdout
+ and stderr. Suggested by Matthew Dinger <mdinger.bugzilla@gmail.com>
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - it_init_helptopics: new function to support completing on help topics,
+ not just builtins
+ - it_helptopics: new programmable completion list of help topics
+ - build list of helptopic completions in gen_action_completions on
+ demand
+
+pcomplete.h
+ - new extern declaration for it_helptopics
+
+builtins/complete.def
+ - the `helptopic' action now maps to CA_HELPTOPIC intead of CA_BUILTIN,
+ since there are more help topics than just builtins. Suggested by
+ Clark Wang <dearvoid@gmail.com>
+
+ 4/12
+ ----
+print_cmd.c
+ - fix print_arith_for_command to add a call to PRINT_DEFERRED_HEREDOCS
+ before ending the body of the command, so heredocs get attached to
+ the right command instead of to the loop. From gentoo bug 363371
+ http://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=363371
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - change coproc_pidchk to unset the appropriate shell variables when
+ the (currently single) known coproc pid terminates
+ - cleanup and new functions to fully support multiple coprocesses when
+ and if I decide to go there
+
+ 4/13
+ ----
+print_cmd.c
+ - fix print_group_command to add a call to PRINT_DEFERRED_HEREDOCS
+ after call to make_command_string_internal before printing closing
+ `}'
+ - fix make_command_string_internal to add a call to
+ PRINT_DEFERRED_HEREDOCS after recursive call to
+ make_command_string_internal in case cm_subshell before printing
+ closing `)'
+
+ 4/14
+ ----
+print_cmd.c
+ - change overlapping strcpy in named_function_string to memmove
+
+sig.h
+ - UNBLOCK_SIGNAL: convenience define, same as UNBLOCK_CHILD, just
+ restores an old signal mask
+
+trap.c
+ - set_signal: instead of setting the signal handler to SIG_IGN while
+ installing the new trap handler, block the signal and unblock it
+ after the new handler is installed. Fixes bug reported by Roman
+ Rakus <rrakus@redhat.com>
+
+ 4/15
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - make it clear that enabling monitor mode means that all jobs run in
+ separate process groups
+
+ 4/18
+ ----
+builtins/fc.def
+ - update fix of 4/15/2010 to not take saved_command_line_count into
+ account when stepping down the history list to make sure that
+ last_hist indexes something that is valid. Fixes bug reported by
+ <piuma@piumalab.org>
+
+ 4/19
+ ----
+builtins/fc.def
+ - fc_gethnum: make sure the calculation to decide the last history
+ entry is exactly the same as fc_builtin. Fixes bug uncovered by
+ fix of 4/18 to stop seg fault
+
+ 4/22
+ ----
+lib/readline/terminal.c
+ - change _rl_enable_meta_key to set a flag indicating that it sent the
+ enable-meta sequence
+ - _rl_disable_meta_key: new function to turn off meta mode after we
+ turned it on with _rl_enable_meta_key
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - extern declaration for _rl_disable_meta_key
+
+configure.in
+ - if not cross-compiling, set CFLAGS_FOR_BUILD from any CFLAGS inherited
+ from the environment. Fixes HP/UX build problem reported by
+ "Daniel Richard G." <skunk@iSKUNK.ORG>
+
+ 4/26
+ ----
+config-top.h
+ - define MULTIPLE_COPROCS to 0 so the code is still disabled but easy
+ to enable via configure option or editing this file
+
+ 4/29
+ ----
+lib/sh/eaccess.c
+ - freebsd provides faccessat, with the same misfeature as their eaccess
+ and access implementations (X_OK returns true for uid==0 regardless
+ of the actual file permissions), so reorganize code to check the
+ file permissions as with eaccess. Report and fix from Johan Hattne
+ <johan.hattne@utsouthwestern.edu>
+
+ 5/2
+ ---
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - add forward reference to `Pattern Matching' from `Pathname
+ Expansion', suggested by Greg Wooledge <wooledg@eeg.ccf.org>
+
+ 5/5
+ ---
+pcomplib.c
+ - the bash_completion project now distributes over 200 completions
+ for various programs, with no end in sight, so increase the value
+ of COMPLETE_HASH_BUCKETS from 32 to 128
+
+pathexp.c
+ - quote_string_for_globbing: make sure CTLESC quoting CTLESC is
+ translated into \<CTLESC> even if the flags include QGLOB_REGEXP.
+ We don't want to process the second CTLESC as a quote character.
+ Fixes bug reported by Shawn Bohrer <sbohrer@rgmadvisors.com>
+
+ 5/6
+ ---
+builtins/printf.def
+ - change PRETURN to not call fflush if ferror(stdout) is true
+ - if a call to one of the stdio functions or printstr leaves
+ ferror(stdout) true, and PRETURN is going to be called, let PRETURN
+ print the error message rather than doubling up the messages. Fixes
+ problem reported by Roman Rakus <rrakus@redhat.com>
+
+ 5/9
+ ---
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - add note to the effect that lists inside compound command can be
+ terminated by newlines as well as semicolons. Suggested by
+ Roman Byshko <rbyshko@gmail.com>
+
+ 5/10
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - remove_quoted_nulls: fix problem that caused it to skip over the
+ character after a CTLNUL, which had the effect of skipping every
+ other of a series of CTLNULs. Fixes bug reported by
+ Marten Wikstrom <marten.wikstrom@keystream.se>
+
+ 5/11
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - extract_process_subst: add SX_COMMAND flag to call to
+ extract_delimited_string, since we're expanding the same sort of
+ command as command substitution. Fixes bug reported in Ubuntu
+ bug 779848
+
+ 5/12
+ ----
+configure.in
+ - set the prefer_shared and prefer_static variables appropriately
+ depending on the value of $opt_static_link
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - AC_LIB_LINKFLAGS_BODY: change to not prefer shared versions of the
+ libraries it's searching for if the prefer_shared variable is "no".
+ Fixes problem reported by Cedric Arbogast <arbogast.cedric@gmail.com>
+
+ 5/13
+ ----
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - _rl_internal_teardown: add call to _rl_disable_meta_key to make the
+ meta key active only for the duration of the call to readline()
+ - _rl_internal_setup: move call to _rl_enable_meta_key here from
+ readline_initialize_everything so the meta key is active only for
+ the duration of the call to readline(). Suggestion from Miroslav
+ Lichvar <mlichvar@redhat.com>
+
+builtins/help.def
+ - help_builtin: change strncmp to strcmp so that `help read' no longer
+ matches `readonly'. Suggested by Clark Wang <dearvoid@gmail.com>
+
+config.h.in
+ - add define for GLIBC21, checked using jm_GLIBC21 as part of the tests
+ for libintl
+
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - internal_free: don't use the cached value of memtop when deciding
+ whether or not to adjust the break and give memory back to the kernel
+ when using the GNU C library, since glibc uses sbrk for its own
+ internal purposes. From Debian bug 614815, reported by Samuel
+ Thibault <samuel.thibault@gnu.org>
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - BASH_STRUCT_WEXITSTATUS_OFFSET: change AC_RUN_IFELSE to AC_TRY_RUN
+ to avoid warning about not using AC_LANG_SOURCE
+
+ 5/14
+ ----
+bashline.[ch]
+ - two new functions, bashline_set_event_hook and bashline_reset_event_hook,
+ to set rl_event_hook to bash_event_hook and back to NULL, respectively
+ - don't set rl_event_hook unconditionally
+
+sig.c
+ - termsig_sighandler: if the shell is currently interactive and
+ readline is active, call bashline_set_event_hook to cause
+ termsig_handler to be called via bash_event_hook when the shell
+ returns from the signal handler
+
+ 5/15
+ ----
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - _rl_col_width: Mac OS X has a bug in wcwidth: it does not return 0
+ for UTF-8 combining characters. Added workaround dependent on
+ MACOSX. Fixes problem pointed out by Thomas De Contes
+ <d.l.tDecontes@free.fr>
+
+ 5/16
+ ----
+lib/readline/rlmbutil.h
+ - WCWIDTH: wrapper for wcwidth that returns 0 for Unicode combining
+ characters on systems where wcwidth is broken (e.g., Mac OS X).
+
+lib/readline/{complete,display,mbutil}.c
+ - use WCWIDTH instead of wcwidth
+
+ 5/17
+ ----
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - update_line: after computing ofd and nfd, see whether the next
+ character in ofd is a zero-width combining character. If it is,
+ back ofd and nfd up one, so the base characters no longer compare
+ as equivalent. Fixes problem reported by Keith Winstein
+ <keithw@mit.edu>
+
+lib/readline/nls.c
+ - _rl_utf8locale: new flag variable, set to non-zero if the current
+ locale is UTF-8
+ - utf8locale(): new function, returns 1 if the passed lspec (or the
+ current locale) indicates that the locale is UTF-8. Called from
+ _rl_init_eightbit
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - extern declaration for _rl_utf8locale
+
+locale.c
+ - locale_utf8locale: new flag variable, set to non-zero if the current
+ locale is UTF-8 (currently unused)
+ - locale_isutf8(): new function, returns 1 if the passed lspec (or the
+ current locale) indicates that the locale is UTF-8. Should be called
+ whenever the locale or LC_CTYPE value is modified
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - BASH_WCWIDTH_BROKEN: new test for whether or not wcwidth returns
+ zero-width characters like unicode combining characters as having
+ display length 1; define WCWIDTH_BROKEN in this case
+
+config.h.in
+ - WCWIDTH_BROKEN: new define
+
+lib/readline/rlmbutil.h
+ - change WCWIDTH macro to use _rl_utf8locale and the full range of
+ Unicode combining characters (U+0300-U+036F)
+
+ 5/19
+ ----
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - _rl_search_context: new member, prevc, will hold character read
+ prior to lastc
+
+lib/readline/isearch.c
+ - _rl_isearch_dispatch: if the character causes us to index into
+ another keymap, save that character in cxt->prevc
+ - _rl_isearch_dispatch: if we index into another keymap, but don't
+ find a function that's special to i-search, and the character that
+ caused us to index into that keymap would have terminated the
+ search, push back cxt->prevc and cxt->lastc to make it appear as
+ if `prevc' terminated the search, and execute lastc as a command.
+ We have to push prevc back so we index into the same keymap before
+ we read lastc. Fixes bug report from Davor Cubranic
+ <cubranic@stat.ubc.ca>
+
+ 5/20
+ ----
+expr.c
+ - expr_bind_variable: pay attention to the return value from
+ bind_variable and check whether or not we should error out due to
+ a readonly or noassign variable. Fixes bug reported by Eric
+ Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
+
+ 5/26
+ ----
+
+lib/readline/search.c
+ - include histlib.h for ANCHORED_SEARCH defines
+ - rl_history_search_flags: new variable, holds ANCHORED_SEARCH flag for
+ the duration of a history search
+ - rl_history_search_reinit: takes a new flags variable, defines whether
+ or not the search is anchored; assigned to rl_history_search_flags
+ - rl_history_serarch_reinit: if ANCHORED_SEARCH flag passed, add ^ to
+ beginning of search string; otherwise search string is unmodified
+ - rl_history_search_internal: set rl_point appropriately based on
+ whether or not rl_history_search_flags includes ANCHORED_SEARCH
+ - rl_history_substr_search_forward: new function, for non-anchored
+ substring search forward through history for string of characters
+ preceding rl_point
+ - rl_history_substr_search_backward: new function, for non-anchored
+ substring search backward through history for string of characters
+ preceding rl_point. Original code from Niraj Kulkarni
+ <kulkarniniraj14@gmail.com>
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - extern declarations for rl_history_substr_search_{for,back}ward
+
+lib/readline/funmap.c
+ - history-substring-search-forward: new bindable command, invokes
+ rl_history_substr_search_forward
+ - history-substring-search-backward: new bindable command, invokes
+ rl_history_substr_search_backward
+
+lib/readline/doc/{rluser.texi,readline.3}
+ - document history-substring-search-forward and
+ history-substring-search-backward
+
+ 5/27
+ ----
+{nojobs,jobs}.c
+ - add support for DONT_REPORT_SIGTERM so that the shell doesn't print
+ a message when a job exits due to SIGTERM since that's the default
+ signal sent by the kill builtin. Suggested by Marc Herbert
+ <mark.herbert@gmail.com>
+
+config-top.h
+ - DONT_REPORT_SIGTERM: new user-modifiable setting. Commented out
+ by default
+
+ 5/28
+ ----
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - _rl_skip_to_delim: skip to a closing double quote or other delimiter,
+ allowing backslash to quote any character, including the delimiter
+ - rl_parse_and_bind: call _rl_skip_to_delim instead of using inline
+ code
+ - rl_parse_and_bind: allow quoted strings as the values of string
+ variables. Variable values without double quotes have trailing
+ whitespace removed (which still allows embedded whitespace, for
+ better or worse). Fixes problem with string variables not matching
+ in `set' command if values happen to have trailing spaces or tabs
+ (debian bash bug #602762), but introduces slight incompatibility.
+
+ 5/29
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - clarify unset description to specify that without options, a
+ variable, then a shell function if there is no variable by that
+ name, is unset. Fixes discrepancy reported by Mu Qiao
+ <qiaomuf@gentoo.org>
+
+ 6/4
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - clarify description of LINES and COLUMNS (and checkwinsize shopt
+ option) to make it clear that only interactive shells set a
+ handler for SIGWINCH and update LINES and COLUMNS. Original
+ report submitted by Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - expand_compound_array_assignment: defer expansion of words between
+ parens when performing compound assignmnt to an associative array
+ variable
+ - assign_compound_array_list: perform the same expansions when doing
+ a compound array assignment to an associative array variable as
+ when doing a straight array index assignment. The idea is that
+ foo=( [ind1]=bar [ind2]=quux)
+ is the same as
+ foo[ind1]=bar ; foo[ind2]=quux
+
+ This fixes problems with double-expansion and quote removal being
+ performed on the array indices
+
+ 6/13
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - Add a little text to make it clear that the locale determines how
+ range expressions in glob patterns are handled.
+
+
+ 6/21
+ ----
+builtins/read.def
+ - display a message and return error status if -a is used with an
+ existing associative array. Fixes bug reported by Curtis Doty
+ <curtis@greenkey.net>
+
+ 6/24
+ ----
+{jobs,nojobs}.c
+ - non-interactive shells now react to the setting of checkwinsize
+ and set LINES and COLUMNS after a foreground job exits. From a
+ suggestion by Leslie Rhorer <lrhorer@satx.rr.com>
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - checkwinsize: remove language saying that only interactive shells
+ check the window size after each command
+
+lib/readline/histfile.c
+ - history_backupfile: new file, creates a backup history file name
+ given a filename (appending `-')
+ - history_do_write: when overwriting the history file, back it up
+ before writing. Restore backup file on a write error. Suggested
+ by chkno@chkno.net
+
+bashline.c
+ - find_cmd_name: two new arguments, return the start and end of the
+ actual text string used to find the command name, without taking
+ whitespace into account
+ - attempt_shell_completion: small changes to make sure that completion
+ attempted at the beginning of a non-empty line does not find a
+ programmable completion, even if the command name starts at point
+ - attempt_shell_completion: small change to make sure that completion
+ does not find a progcomp when in whitespace before the command
+ name
+ - attempt_shell_completion: small change to make sure that completion
+ does not find a progcomp when point is at the first character of a
+ command name, even when there is leading whitespace (similar to
+ above). Fixes problems noted by Ville Skytta <ville.skytta@iki.fi>
+
+subst.c
+ - brace_expand_word_list: since the individual strings in the strvec
+ returned by brace_expand are already allocated, don't copy them to
+ newly-allocated memory when building the WORD_LIST, just use them
+ intact
+
+locale.c
+ - locale_mb_cur_max: cache value of MB_CUR_MAX when we set or change
+ the locale to avoid a function call every time we need to read it
+
+shell.h
+ - new struct to save shell_input_line and associated variables:
+ shell_input_line_state_t
+ - add members of sh_parser_state_t to save and restore token and the
+ size of the token buffer
+
+parse.y
+ - {save,restore}_input_line_state: new functions to save and restore
+ shell_input_line and associated variables
+ - {save,restore}_parser_state: add code to save and restore the token
+ and token buffer size
+ - xparse_dolparen: call save_ and restore_input_line_state to avoid
+ problems with overwriting shell_input_line when we recursively
+ call the parser to parse a command substitution. Fixes bug
+ reported by Rui Santos <rsantos@grupopie.com>
+
+include/shmbutil.h
+ - use locale_mb_cur_max instead of MB_CUR_MAX in ADVANCE_CHAR and
+ similar macros
+
+lib/glob/smatch.c
+ - rangecmp,rangecmp_wc: change to take an additional argument, which
+ forces the use of strcoll/wscoll when non-zero. If it's 0, a new
+ variable `glob_asciirange' controls whether or not we use strcoll/
+ wscoll. If glob_asciirange is non-zero, we use straight
+ C-locale-like ordering. Suggested by Aharon Robbins
+ <arnold@skeeve.com>
+
+ 6/30
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_pipeline: make sure the lastpipe code is protected by
+ #ifdef JOB_CONTROL. Fixes problem reported by Thomas Cort
+ <tcort@minix3.org>
+
+ 7/2
+ ---
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - EXPERIMENTAL: remove setting of _rl_interrupt_immediately around
+ completion functions that touch the file system. Idea from Jan
+ Kratochvil <jan.ktratochvil@redhat.com> and the GDB development
+ team
+
+lib/readline/signals.c
+ - rl_signal_handler: if we're in callback mode, don't interrupt
+ immediately on a SIGWINCH
+
+ 7/3
+ ---
+bashline.c
+ - set_directory_hook: and its siblings are a new set of functions to
+ set, save, and restore the appropriate directory completion hook
+ - change callers to use {set,save,restore}_directory_hook instead of
+ manipulating rl_directory_rewrite_hook directly
+ - dircomplete_expand: new variable, defaults to 0, if non-zero causes
+ directory names to be word-expanded during word and filename
+ completion
+ - change {set,save,restore}_directory_hook to look at dircomplete_expand
+ and change rl_directory_completion_hook or rl_directory_rewrite_hook
+ appropriately
+
+bashline.h
+ - extern declaration for set_directory_hook so shopt code can use it
+
+ 7/6
+ ---
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - globasciiranges: new settable shopt option, makes glob ranges act
+ as if in the C locale (so b no longer comes between A and B).
+ Suggested by Aharon Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com>
+
+ 7/7
+ ---
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document new `globasciiranges' shopt option
+
+ 7/8
+ ---
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - direxpand: new settable option, makes filename completion expand
+ variables in directory names like bash-4.1 did.
+ - shopt_set_complete_direxpand: new function, does the work for the
+ above by calling set_directory_hook
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document new `direxpand' shopt option
+
+ 7/15
+ ----
+lib/readline/isearch.c
+ - _rl_isearch_dispatch: when adding character to search string, use
+ cxt->lastc (which we use in the switch statement) instead of c,
+ since lastc can be modified earlier in the function
+
+ 7/18
+ ----
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - _rl_search_context: add another member to save previous value of
+ (multibyte) lastc: pmb is to mb as prevc is to lastc
+
+lib/readline/isearch.c:
+ - _rl_isearch_dispatch: if a key sequence indexes into a new keymap,
+ but doesn't find any bound function (k[ind].function == 0) or is
+ bound to self-insert (k[ind].function == rl_insert), back up and
+ insert the previous character (the one that caused the index into a
+ new keymap) and arrange things so the current character is the next
+ one read, so both of them end up in the search string. Fixes bug
+ reported by Clark Wang <dearvoid@gmail.com>
+ - _rl_isearch_dispatch: a couple of efficiency improvements when adding
+ characters to the isearch string
+
+ 7/24
+ ----
+lib/readline/isearch.c
+ - _rl_isearch_dispatch: save and restore cxt->mb and cxt->pmb
+ appropriately when in a multibyte locale
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - correct description of {x}>file (and other redirection operators
+ that allocate a file descriptor) to note the the fd range is
+ greater than or equal to 10. Fixes problem reported by
+ Christian Ullrich
+
+lib/readline/signals.c
+ - rl_signal_handler: don't interrupt immediately if in callback mode
+
+lib/readline/callback.c
+ - rl_callback_read_char: install signal handlers only when readline
+ has control in callback mode, so readline's signal handlers aren't
+ called when the application is active (e.g., between the calls to
+ rl_callback_handler_install and rl_callback_read_char). If the
+ readline signal handlers only set a flag, which the application
+ doesn't know about, the signals will effectively be ignored until
+ the next time the application calls into the readline callback
+ interface. Fixes problem of calling unsafe functions from signal
+ handlers when in callback mode reported by Jan Kratochvil
+ <jan.kratochvil@redhat.com>
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - fix_assignment_words: when in Posix mode, the `command' builtin
+ doesn't change whether or not the command name it protects is an
+ assignment builtin. One or more instances of `command'
+ preceding `export', for instance, doesn't make `export' treat its
+ assignment statement arguments differently. Posix interpretation
+ #351
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document new Posix-mode behavior of `command' when preceding builtins
+ that take assignment statements as arguments
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - printstr: if fieldwidth or precision are < 0 or > INT_MAX when
+ supplied explicitly (since we take care of the `-' separately),
+ clamp at INT_MAX like when using getint(). Fixes issue reported
+ by Ralph Coredroy <ralph@inputplus.co.uk>
+
+ 7/25
+ ----
+lib/readline/chardefs.h
+ - isxdigit: don't define if compiling with c++; declared as a c++
+ template function. Fixes bug reported by Miroslav Lichvar
+ <mlichvar@redhat.com>
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - getint: if garglist == 0, return whatever getintmax returns (0).
+ Fixes bug reported by Ralph Coredroy <ralph@inputplus.co.uk>
+
+ 7/28
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - minor changes to the descriptions of the cd and pushd builtins
+
+lib/sh/zread.c
+ - zsyncfd: change variable holding return value from lseek to
+ off_t. Bug report and fix from Gregory Margo <gmargo@pacbell.net>
+
+ 8/1
+ ---
+expr.c
+ - don't check for division by 0 when in a context where no evaluation
+ is taking place. Fixes bug reported by dnade.ext@orange-ftgroup.com
+
+ 8/6
+ ---
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_command_internal: the parent branch of the subshell code
+ (where the child calls execute_in_subshell) should not close all
+ open FIFOs with unlink_fifo_list if it's part of a shell function
+ that's still executing. Fixes bug reported by Maarten Billemont
+ <lhunath@lyndir.com>
+
+ 8/9
+ ---
+builtins/common.c
+ - get_exitstat: return EX_BADUSAGE (2) on a non-numeric argument
+
+builtins/return.def
+ - return_builtin: just call get_exitstat to get the return status,
+ let it handle proper parsing and handling of arguments. Fixes
+ issue most recently raised by Linda Walsh <bash@tlinx.org>.
+ Reverses change from 9/11/2008 (see above)
+
+ 8/16
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - clean up `set -e' language to make it clearer that any failure of
+ a compound command will cause the shell to exit, not just subshells
+ and brace commands
+
+ 8/17
+ ----
+configure.in
+ - make the various XXX_FOR_BUILD variables `precious' to autoconf to
+ avoid stale data
+ - change how CC_FOR_BUILD is initialized when cross-compiling and not,
+ but do not change behavior
+ - initialize CFLAGS_FOR_BUILD to -g when cross-compiling
+ - initialize LIBS_FOR_BUILD to $(LIBS) when not cross-compiling, empty
+ when cross-compiling
+ - create AUTO_CFLAGS variable to hold basic CFLAGS defaults; used when
+ CFLAGS not inherited from environment (like effect of old
+ auto_cflags variable)
+ - substitute LIBS_FOR_BUILD into output Makefiles
+ [changes inspired by bug report from Nathan Phillip Brink
+ <ohnobinki@ohnopublishing.net> -- gentoo bug 378941]
+
+builtins/Makefile.in
+ - substitute LIBS_FOR_BUILD from configure, not strictly initialized
+ to $(LIBS)
+
+ 8/27
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - minor changes to the here string description to clarify the
+ expansions performed on the word
+
+support/shobj-conf
+ - handle compilation on Lion (Mac OS X 10.7/darwin11) with changes
+ to darwin stanzas. Fixes readline bug reported by Vincent
+ Sheffer <vince.sheffer@apisphere.com>
+
+lib/sh/strtrans.c
+ - ansic_wshouldquote: check a string with multi-byte characters for
+ characters that needs to be backslash-octal escaped for $'...'
+ - ansic_shouldquote: if is_basic fails for one character, let
+ ansic_wshouldquote examine the rest of the string and return what
+ it returns. From a patch sent by Roman Rakus <rrakus@redhat.com>
+
+ 8/30
+ ----
+lib/sh/strtrans.c
+ - ansic_quote: changes to quote (or not) multibyte characters. New
+ code converts them to wide characters and uses iswprint to check
+ valid wide chars. From a patch sent by Roman Rakus
+ <rrakus@redhat.com>
+
+ 9/7
+ ---
+lib/sh/shquote.c
+ - sh_backslash_quote: change to be table-driven so we can use a
+ different table if we want to
+ - sh_backslash_quote: takes a second char table[256] argument;
+
+externs.h
+ - sh_backslash_quote: add second argument to function prototype
+
+bashline.c,braces.c,parse.y,builtins/printf.def
+ - change callers of sh_backslash_quote to add second argument
+
+bashline.c
+ - filename_bstab: table of characters to pass to sh_backslash_quote;
+ characters with value 1 will be backslash-quoted
+ - set_filename_bstab: turn on characters in filename backslash-quote
+ table according to passed string argument
+ - call set_filename_bstab every time rl_filename_quote_characters is
+ assigned a value
+ - bash_quote_filename: call sh_backslash_quote with filename_bstab
+ as second argument. This allows other characters in filenames to
+ be quoted without quoting, for instance, a dollar sign in a shell
+ variable reference
+
+ 9/8
+ ---
+bashline.c
+ - complete_fullquote: new variable, controls table passed to
+ sh_backslash_quote. If non-zero (the default), the standard set
+ of shell metacharacters -- as in bash versions up to and including
+ bash-4.2 -- gets backslash-quoted by the completion code. If zero,
+ sh_backslash_quote gets the table with the characters in the
+ variable reference removed, which means they are removed from the
+ set of characters to be quoted in filenames
+
+ 9/10
+ ----
+bashline.c
+ - bash_filename_stat_hook: new function, designed to expand variable
+ references in filenames before readline passes them to stat(2)
+ to determine whether or not they are a directory
+
+ 9/15
+ ----
+builtins/declare.def
+ - if assign_array_element fails due to a bad (or empty) subscript, mark
+ it as an assignment error and don't attempt any further processing
+ of that declaration. Fixes segfault bug reported by Diego Augusto
+ Molina <diegoaugustomolina@gmail.com>
+
+ 9/19
+ ----
+expr.c
+ - exppower: replace the simple exponentiation algorithm with an
+ implementation of exponentiation by squaring. Inspired by report
+ from Nicolas ARGYROU <nargy@yahoo.com>
+
+bashline.c
+ - bash_quote_filename: check for rtext being non-null before
+ dereferencing it
+ - set_saved_history: operate_and_get_next assumes that the previous
+ line was added to the history, even when the history is stifled and
+ at the max number of entries. If it wasn't, make sure the history
+ number is incremented properly. Partial fix for bug reported by
+ gregrwm <backuppc-users@whitleymott.net>
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi},lib/readline/doc/{hsuser,rluser}.texi
+ - minor editorial changes inspired by suggestions from
+ Roger Zauner <rogerx.oss@gmail.com>
+
+ 9/20
+ ----
+lib/intl/localealias.c
+ - read_alias_file: close resource leak (fp) when returning on error
+
+ 9/22
+ ----
+execute_command.c
+ - execute_intern_function: implement Posix interpretation 383 by making
+ it an error to define a function with the same name as a special
+ builtin when in Posix mode.
+ http://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=383#c692
+
+ 9/25
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - formatting and some content changes from Benno Schulenberg
+ <bensberg@justemail.net>
+ - document new posix-mode behavior from interp 383 change of 9/22
+
+ 9/30
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - shell_execve: add strerror to error message about executable file
+ that shell can't execute as a shell script. From suggestion by
+ daysleeper <daysleeper@centrum.cz>
+
+ 10/1
+ ----
+bashhist.c
+ - maybe_add_history: act as if literal_history is set when parser_state
+ includes PST_HEREDOC, so we save the bodies of here-documents just
+ as they were entered. Fixes bug reported by Jonathan Wakely
+ <bugs@kayari.org>
+ - bash_add_history: make sure that the second and subsequent lines of
+ a here document don't have extra newlines or other delimiting
+ chars added, since they have the trailing newline preserved, when
+ `lithist' is set and history_delimiting_chars isn't called
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_command_internal: avoid fd exhaustion caused by using
+ process substitution in loops inside shell functions by using
+ copy_fifo_list and close_new_fifos (). Fixes debian bash bug
+ 642504
+
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - new variable, rl_filename_stat_hook, used by append_to_match. If
+ filename completion is desired, and rl_filename_stat_hook points
+ to a function, call that function to expand the filename in an
+ application-specific way before calling stat.
+
+bashline.c
+ - bash_default_completion: if variable completion returns a single
+ match, use bash_filename_stat_hook and file_isdir to determine
+ whether or not the variable name expands to a directory. If it
+ does, set the filename_append_character to `/'. This is not
+ perfect, so we will see how it works out. Adds functionality
+ requested by Peter Toft <pto@linuxbog.dk> and Patrick Pfeifer
+ <patrick@pfeifer.de>
+ - rl_filename_stat_hook: assigned bash_filename_stat_hook, so things
+ like $HOME/Downloads (after completion) have a slash appended.
+ In general, this causes the stat hook to be called whenever
+ filename completion is appended. Adds functionality requested by
+ Patrick Pfeifer <patrick@pfeifer.de>
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - new extern declaration for rl_filename_stat_hook
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
+ - rl_directory_rewrite_hook: now documented
+ - rl_filename_stat_hook: document
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - gen_action_completions: in the CA_DIRECTORY case, turn off
+ rl_filename_completion_desired if it was off before we called
+ rl_filename_completion_function and we didn't get any matches.
+ Having it on causes readline to quote the matches as if they
+ were filenames. Adds functionality requested by many,
+ including Clark Wang <dearvoid@gmail.com>
+
+assoc.[ch]
+ - assoc_replace: new function, takes the same arguments as
+ assoc_insert, but returns the old data instead of freeing it
+ - assoc_insert: if the object returned by hash_insert doesn't have
+ the same value for its key as the key passed as an argument, we
+ are overwriting an existing value. In this case, we can free the
+ key. Fixes bug reported by David Parks <davidparks21@yahoo.com>
+
+ 10/5
+ ----
+print_cmd.c
+ - indirection_level_string: small change to only re-enable `x'
+ option after calling decode_prompt_string if it was on before. In
+ normal mode, it will be, but John Reiser <jreiser@bitwagon.com>
+ has a novel use for that code in conjunction with a pre-loaded
+ shared library that traces system call usage in shell scripts
+
+ 10/10
+ -----
+Makefile.in
+ - Fix from Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org> to avoid trying to
+ build y.tab.c and y.tab.h with two separate runs of yacc if
+ parse.y changes. Problem with parallel makes
+ - Fix from Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org> to avoid subdirectory
+ builds each trying to make version.h (and all its dependencies)
+
+lib/sh/Makefile.in
+ - remove some dependencies on version.h where it doesn't make sense
+
+variables.c
+ - initialize_shell_variables: while reading the environment, a shell
+ running in posix mode now checks for SHELLOPTS being readonly (it
+ gets set early on in main()) before trying to assign to it. It
+ saves an error message and the variable gets parsed as it should.
+ Fixes bug reported by Len Giambrone <Len.Giambrone@intersystems.com>
+
+ 10/14
+ -----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - add to the "duplicating file descriptors" description that >&word
+ doesn't redirect stdout and stderr if word expands to `-'
+ - add to the "appending standard output and standard error"
+ description a note that >&word, where word is a number or `-',
+ causes other redirection operators to apply for sh and Posix
+ compatibility reasons. Suggested by Greg Wooledge
+ <wooledg@eeg.ccf.org>
+
+ 10/15
+ -----
+pcomplete.c
+ - change pcomp_filename_completion_function to only run the filename
+ dequoting function in the cases (as best as it can figure) where
+ readline won't do it via rl_filename_completion_function. Based
+ on reports from <lolilolicon@gmail.com>
+
+ 10/19
+ -----
+bashline.c
+ - attempt_shell_completion: add call to set_directory_hook() to make
+ sure the rewrite functions are correct. It's cheap and doesn't
+ hurt
+ - command_word_completion_function: if completing a command name that
+ starts with `.' or `..', temporarily suppress the effects of the
+ `direxpand' option and restore the correct value after calling
+ rl_filename_completion_function. If it's enabled, the directory
+ name will be rewritten and no longer match `./' or `../'. Fixes
+ problem reported by Michael Kalisz <michael@kalisz.homelinux.net>
+
+ 10/22
+ -----
+builtins/history.def
+ - push_history: make sure remember_on_history is enabled before we
+ try to delete the last history entry -- the `history -s' command
+ might not have been saved. Fixes bug reported by
+ lester@vmw-les.eng.vmware.com
+
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - rl_callback_read_char: add calls to a macro CALLBACK_READ_RETURN
+ instead of straight return; add same call at end of function.
+ Placeholder for future work in deinstalling signal handlers when
+ readline is not active
+
+ 10/25
+ -----
+expr.c
+ - exp2: catch arithmetic overflow when val1 == INTMAX_MIN and val2 == -1
+ for DIV and MOD and avoid SIGFPE. Bug report and pointer to fix
+ from Jaak Ristioja <jaak.ristioja@cyber.ee>
+ - expassign: same changes for arithmetic overflow for DIV and MOD
+
+ 10/28
+ -----
+subst.c
+ - parameter_brace_expand: allow pattern substitution when there is an
+ expansion of the form ${var/} as a no-op: replacing nothing with
+ nothing
+ - parameter_brace_patsub: don't need to check for PATSUB being NULL;
+ it never is
+
+flags.c
+ - if STRICT_POSIX is defined, initialize history_expansion to 0, since
+ history expansion (and its treatment of ! within double quotes) is
+ not a conforming posix environment. From austin-group issue 500
+
+lib/readline/histexpand.c
+ - history_expand: when processing a string within double quotes
+ (DQUOTE == 1), make the closing double quote inhibit history
+ expansion, as if the word were outside double quotes. In effect,
+ we assume that the double quote is followed by a character in
+ history_no_expand_chars. tcsh and csh seem to do this. This
+ answers a persistent complaint about history expansion
+
+ 10/29
+ -----
+make_cmd.c
+ - make_arith_for_command: use skip_to_delim to find the next `;'
+ when breaking the string between the double parens into three
+ separate components instead of a simple character loop. Fixes
+ bug reported by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+ 11/2
+ ----
+Makefile.in
+ - make libbuiltins.a depend on builtext.h to serialize its creation
+ and avoid conflict between multiple invocations of mkbuiltins.
+ Fix from Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
+
+ 11/5
+ ----
+findcmd.c
+ - user_command_matches: if stat(".", ...) returns -1, set st_dev
+ and st_ino fields in dotinfo to 0 to avoid same_file matches
+ - find_user_command_in_path: check stat(2) return the same way
+
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - glob_vector: don't call strlen(pat) without checking pat == 0
+ - glob_dir_to_array: make sure to free `result' and all allocated
+ members before returning error due to malloc failure
+ - glob_vector: make sure to free `nextname' and `npat' on errors
+ (mostly when setting lose = 1)
+ - glob_vector: if flags & GX_MATCHDIRS but not GX_ALLDIRS, make
+ sure we free `subdir'
+ - glob_filename: when expanding ** (GX_ALLDIRS), make sure we
+ free temp_results (return value from glob_vector)
+
+lib/glob/xmbsrtowcs.c
+ - xdupmbstowcs: fix call to realloc to use sizeof (char *) instead
+ of sizeof (char **) when assigning idxtmp
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - print_index_and_element: return 0 right away if L == 0
+ - is_dirname: fix memory leak by freeing `temp'
+ - time_command: don't try to deref NULL `command' when assigning
+ to `posix_time'
+ - shell_execve: null-terminate `sample' after READ_SAMPLE_BUF so it's
+ terminated for functions that expect that
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - read_builtin: don't call bind_read_variable with a potentially-null
+ string
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - gen_command_matches: don't call dispose_word_desc with a NULL arg
+ - gen_compspec_completions: fix memory leak by freeing `ret' before
+ calling gen_action_completions (tcs, ...). happens when
+ performing directory completion as default and no completions
+ have been generated
+ - gen_progcomp_completions: make sure to set foundp to 0 whenever
+ returning NULL
+ - it_init_aliases: fix memory leak by freeing alias_list before
+ returning
+
+bashline.c
+ - command_word_completion_function: don't call restore_tilde with a
+ NULL directory_part argument
+ - bash_directory_expansion: bugfix: don't throw away results of
+ rl_directory_rewrite_hook if it's set and returns non-zero
+ - bind_keyseq_to_unix_command: free `kseq' before returning error
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - assign_array_element_internal: make sure `akey' is freed if non-null
+ before returning error
+ - assign_compound_array_list: free `akey' before returning error
+ - array_value_internal: free `akey' before returning error
+ - unbind_array_element: free `akey' before returning error
+
+subst.c
+ - array_length_reference: free `akey' before returning error in case
+ of expand_assignment_string_to_string error
+ - array_length_reference: free `akey' after call to assoc_reference
+ - skip_to_delim: if skipping process and command substitution, free
+ return value from extract_process_subst
+ - parameter_brace_substring: free `val' (vtype == VT_VARIABLE) before
+ returning if verify_substring_values fails
+ - parameter_brace_expand: remove two duplicate lines that allocate
+ ret in parameter_brace_substring case
+ - parameter_brace_expand: convert `free (name); name = xmalloc (...)'
+ to use `xrealloc (name, ...)'
+ - parameter_brace_expand: free `name' before returning when handling
+ ${!PREFIX*} expansion
+ - split_at_delims: fix memory leak by freeing `d2' before returning
+
+redir.c
+ - redirection_error: free `filename' if the redirection operator is
+ REDIR_VARASSIGN by assigning allocname
+
+eval.c
+ - send_pwd_to_eterm: fix memory leak by freeing value returned by
+ get_working_directory()
+
+builtins/cd.def
+ - change_to_directory: fix memory leak by freeing return value from
+ resetpwd()
+ - cd_builtin: fix memory leak by freeing value returned by dirspell()
+ - cd_builtin: fix memory leak by freeing `directory' if appropriate
+ before overwriting with return value from resetpwd()
+
+builtins/type.def
+ - describe_command: free `full_path' before overwriting it with return
+ value from sh_makepath
+
+builtins/complete.def
+ - compgen_builtin: fix memory leak by calling strlist_dispose (sl)
+ before overwriting sl with return value from completions_to_stringlist
+
+builtins/hash.def
+ - list_hashed_filename_targets: fix memory leak by freeing `target'
+
+make_cmd.c
+ - make_arith_for_command: free `init', `test', and `step' before
+ returning error on parse error
+
+jobs.c
+ - initialize_job_control: don't call move_to_high_fd if shell_tty == -1
+
+general.c
+ - check_dev_tty: don't call close with an fd < 0
+ - legal_number: deal with NULL `string' argument, return invalid
+
+lib/sh/fmtulong.c
+ - fmtulong: if the `base' argument is invalid, make sure we index
+ buf by `len-1' at maximum
+
+print_cmd.c
+ - print_deferred_heredocs: don't try to dereference a NULL `cstring'
+ - cprintf: make sure to call va_end (args)
+
+variables.c
+ - push_dollar_vars: fix call to xrealloc to use sizeof (WORD_LIST *)
+ instead of sizeof (WORD_LIST **)
+
+lib/sh/zmapfd.c
+ - zmapfd: if read returns error, free result and return -1 immediately
+ instead of trying to reallocate it
+
+ 11/6
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - cpl_reap: rewrote to avoid using pointer after freeing it; now builds
+ new coproc list on the fly while traversing the old one and sets the
+ right values for coproc_list when done
+
+ 11/12
+ -----
+builtins/set.def
+ - if neither -f nor -v supplied, don't allow a readonly function to
+ be implicitly unset. Fixes bug reported by Jens Schmidt
+ <jens.schmidt35@arcor.de>
+
+lib/readline/callback.c
+ - change CALLBACK_READ_RETURN to clear signal handlers before returning
+ from rl_callback_read_char so readline's signal handlers aren't
+ installed when readline doesn't have control. Idea from Jan
+ Kratochvil <jan.ktratochvil@redhat.com> and the GDB development
+ team
+
+pcomplete.h
+ - COPT_NOQUOTE: new complete/compgen option value
+
+builtins/complete.def
+ - noquote: new complete/compgen option; will be used to disable
+ filename completion quoting
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - pcomp_set_readline_variables: pay attention to COPT_NOQUOTE; turns
+ of rl_filename_quoting_desired if set; turns it on if unset (value
+ is inverted, since default is on)
+
+doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi
+ - document new -o noquote option to complete/compgen/compopt
+
+pathexp.c
+ - quote_string_for_globbing: if QGLOB_REGEXP, make sure characters
+ between brackets in an ERE bracket expression are not inappropriately
+ quoted with backslashes. This is a pretty substantial change,
+ should be stressed when opening bash up for alpha and beta tests.
+ Fixes bug pointed out by Stephane Chazleas
+ <stephane_chazelas@yahoo.fr>
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document that regexp matches can be inconsistent when quoting
+ characters in bracket expressions, since usual quoting characters
+ lose their meaning within brackets
+ - note that regular expression matching when the pattern is stored
+ in a shell variable which is quoted for expansion causes string
+ matching
+
+redir.h
+ - RX_SAVEFD: new flag value; notes that a redirection denotes an
+ fd used to save another even if it's not >= SHELL_FD_BASE
+
+redir.c
+ - do_redirection_internal: when deciding whether or not to reset the
+ close-on-exec flag on a restored file descriptor, trust the value
+ of redirect->flags & RX_SAVCLEXEC even if the fd is < SHELL_FD_BASE
+ if the RX_SAVEFD flag is set
+ - add_undo_redirect: set the RX_SAVEFD flag if the file descriptor
+ limit is such that the shell can't duplicate to a file descriptor
+ >= 10. Fixes a limitation that tripped a coreutils test reported
+ by Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
+
+ 11/19
+ -----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi},lib/readline/doc/hsuser.texi
+ - make it clear that bash runs HISTFILESIZE=$HISTSIZE after reading
+ the startup files
+ - make it clear that bash runs HISTSIZE=500 after reading the
+ startup files
+ - make it clear that setting HISTSIZE=0 causes commands to not be
+ saved in the history list
+ - make it clear that setting HISTFILESIZE=0 causes the history file
+ to be truncated to zero size
+
+variables.c
+ - sv_histsize: change so setting HISTSIZE to a value less than 0
+ causes the history to be `unstifled'
+ - sv_histsize: change so setting HISTFILESIZE to a value less than 0
+ results in no file truncation
+ - make it clear that numeric values less than 0 for HISTFILESIZE or
+ HISTSIZE inhibit the usual functions
+
+ 11/23
+ -----
+parse.y
+ - save_input_line_state: add missing `return ls' at the end, since the
+ function is supposed to return its argument. Pointed out by
+ Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - skip over NUL bytes in input, as most modern shells seem to. Bug
+ report by Matthew Story <matt@tablethotels.com>
+
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - rl_vi_replace: set _rl_vi_last_key_before_insert to invoking key
+
+ 11/25
+ -----
+builtins/read.def
+ - read_builtin: if xrealloc returns same pointer as first argument,
+ don't bother with the remove_unwind_protect/add_unwind_protect pair
+ - read_builtin: set a flag (`reading') around calls to zread/zreadc
+ and readline()
+ - sigalrm: change to set flag (`sigalrm_seen') and only longjmp if
+ currently in read(2) (reading != 0)
+ - CHECK_ALRM: new macro, checks sigalrm_seen and longjmps if non-zero,
+ behavior of old SIGALRM catching function
+ - read_builtin: call CHECK_ALRM in appropriate places while reading
+ line of input. Fixes bug reported by Pierre Gaston
+ <pierre.gaston@gmail.com>
+
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - rl_vi_replace: initialize characters before printing characters in
+ vi_replace_keymap to their default values in vi_insertion_keymap,
+ since we're supposed to be in insert mode replacing characters
+ - rl_vi_replace: call rl_vi_start_inserting to set last command to
+ `R' for undo
+ - rl_vi_replace: set _rl_vi_last_key_before_insert to `R' for future
+ use by _rl_vi_done_inserting
+ - vi_save_insert_buffer: new function, broke out code that copies text
+ into vi_insert_buffer from _rl_vi_save_insert
+ - _rl_vi_save_replace: new function, saves text modified by
+ rl_vi_replace (using current point and vi_replace_count to figure
+ it out) to vi_replace_buffer
+ - _rl_vi_save_insert: call vi_save_insert_buffer
+ - _rl_vi_done_inserting: if _rl_vi_last_key_before_insert == 'R', call
+ _rl_vi_save_replace to save text modified in replace mode (uses
+ vi_save_insert_buffer)
+ - _rl_vi_replace_insert: new function, replaces the number of chars
+ in vi_insert_buffer after rl_point with contents ov vi_insert_buffer
+ - rl_vi_redo: call _rl_vi_replace_insert if last command == 'R' and
+ there's something in vi_insert_buffer. Fixes bug with `.' not
+ redoing the most recent `R' command, reported by Geoff Clare
+ <g.clare@opengroup.org> in readline area on savannah
+
+ 11/26
+ -----
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - RL_SIG_RECEIVED(): evaluate to non-zero if there is a pending signal
+ to be handled
+ - RL_SIGINT_RECEIVED(): evaluate to non-zero if there is a pending
+ SIGINT to be handled
+
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - remove all mention of _rl_interrupt_immediately
+ - rl_completion_matches: check RL_SIG_RECEIVED after each call to
+ the entry function, call RL_CHECK_SIGNALS if true to handle the
+ signal
+ - rl_completion_matches: if RL_SIG_RECEIVED evaluates to true, free
+ and zero out the match_list this function allocated
+ - rl_completion_matches: if the completion entry function is
+ rl_filename_completion_function, free the contents of match_list,
+ because that function does not keep state and will not free the
+ entries; avoids possible memory leak pointed out by
+ Garrett Cooper <yanegomi@gmail.com>
+ - gen_completion_matches: if RL_SIG_RECEIVED evalutes to true after
+ calling rl_attempted_completion_function, free the returned match
+ list and handle the signal with RL_CHECK_SIGNALS; avoids
+ possible memory leak pointed out by Garrett Cooper
+ <yanegomi@gmail.com>
+ - gen_completion_matches: if RL_SIG_RECEIVED evaluates to true after
+ calling rl_completion_matches, free the returned match list and
+ handle the signal with RL_CHECK_SIGNALS
+
+lib/readline/util.c
+ - rl_settracefp: new utility function to set the tracing FILE *
+
+lib/readline/signals.c
+ - _rl_sigcleanup: pointer to a function that will be called with the
+ signal and a void * argument from _rl_handle_signal
+ - _rl_sigcleanarg: void * that the rest of the code can set to have
+ passed to the signal cleanup function
+ - _rl_handle_signal: if _rl_sigcleanup set, call as
+ (*_rl_sigcleanup) (sig, _rl_sigcleanarg)
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - extern declarations for _rl_sigcleanup and _rl_sigcleanarg
+
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - _rl_complete_sigcleanup: signal cleanup function for completion code;
+ calls _rl_free_match_list on _rl_sigcleanarg if signal == SIGINT
+ - rl_complete_internal: before calling display_matches if what_to_do
+ == `?', set _rl_sigcleanup to _rl_complete_sigcleanup so the match
+ list gets freed on SIGINT; avoids possible memory leak pointed out
+ by Garrett Cooper <yanegomi@gmail.com>
+ - rl_complete_internal: in default switch case, call _rl_free_match_list
+ before returning to avoid memory leak
+
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - start at a set of examples for the =~ regular expression matching
+ operator, touching on keeping the pattern in a shell variable and
+ quoting portions of the pattern to remove their special meaning
+
+ 12/1
+ ----
+lib/glob/gmisc.c
+ - extglob_pattern: new function, returns 1 if pattern passed as an
+ argument looks like an extended globbing pattern
+
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - skipname: return 0 immediately if extglob_pattern returns non-zero,
+ let the extended globbing code do the right thing with skipping
+ names beginning with a `.'
+ - mbskipname: return 0 immediately if extglob_pattern returns non-zero,
+ let the extended globbing code do the right thing with skipping
+ names beginning with a `.'. Fixes bug reported by Yongzhi Pan
+ <panyongzhi@gmail.com>
+
+ 12/2
+ ----
+lib/glob/smatch.c
+ - patscan, patscan_wc: no longer static so other parts of the glob
+ library can use them, renamed to glob_patscan, glob_patscan_wc
+
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - extern declarations for glob_patscan, glob_patscan_wc
+ - wchkname: new function, does skipname on wchar_t pattern and dname,
+ old body of mbskipname after converting to wide chars
+ - extglob_skipname: new function, checks all subpatterns in an extglob
+ pattern to determine whether or not a filename should be skipped.
+ Calls skipname for each subpattern. Dname is only skipped if all
+ subpatterns indicate it should be. Better fix for bug reported by
+ Yongzhi Pan <panyongzhi@gmail.com>
+ - wextglob_skipname: wide-char version of extglob_skipname, calls
+ wchkname instead of calling back into mbskipname for each
+ subpattern to avoid problems with char/wchar_t mismatch
+ - skipname: call extglob_skipname if extglob_pattern returns non-zero
+ - mbskipname: call wextglob_skipname if extglob_pattern returns non-zero
+ - mbskipname: short-circuit immediately if no multibyte chars in
+ pattern or filename
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_cond_node: added parens to patmatch assignment statement to
+ make intent clearer
+
+ 12/3
+ ----
+configure.in,config.h.in
+ - check for imaxdiv, define HAVE_IMAXDIV if present
+
+expr.c
+ - expassign, exp2: use imaxdiv if available. Doesn't help with checks
+ for overflow from 10/25
+
+ 12/6
+ ----
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - compute_lcd_of_matches: if we're ignoring case in the matches, only
+ use what the user typed as the lcd if it matches the first match
+ (after sorting) up to the length of what was typed (if what the
+ user typed is longer than the shortest of the possible matches, use
+ the shortest common length of the matches instead). If it doesn't
+ match, use the first of the list of matches, as if case were not
+ being ignored. Fixes bug reported by Clark Wang
+ <dearvoid@gmail.com>
+
+ 12/7
+ ----
+builtins/cd.def
+ - cd_builtin: add code to return error in case cd has more than one
+ non-option argument, conditional on CD_COMPLAINS define (which is
+ not defined anywhere)
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - note that additional arguments to cd following the directory name
+ are ignored. Suggested by Vaclav Hanzl <hanzl@noel.feld.cvut.cz>
+
+ 12/10
+ -----
+lib/readline/input.c
+ - rl_read_key: don't need to increment key sequence length here; doing
+ it leads to an off-by-one error
+
+lib/readline/macro.c
+ - rl_end_kbd_macro: after off-by-one error with rl_key_sequence_length
+ fixed, can decrement current_macro_index by rl_key_sequence_length
+ (length of key sequence that closes keyboard macro)
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - _rl_dispatch_subseq: fix extra increment of rl_key_sequence_length
+ when ESC maps to a new keymap and we're converting meta characters
+ to ESC+key
+ - _rl_dispatch_subseq: better increment of rl_key_sequence_length
+ before we dispatch to a function in the ISFUNC case (where the
+ second increment above should have happened)
+ - rl_executing_keyseq: the full key sequence that ended up executing
+ a readline command. Available to the calling application, maintained
+ by _rl_dispatch_subseq, indexed by rl_key_sequence_length
+ - rl_executing_key: the key that was bound to the currently-executing
+ readline command. Same as the `key' argument to the function
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - rl_executing_keyseq: extern declaration
+ - rl_executing_key: extern declaration
+ - rl_key_sequence_length: declaration moved here from rlprivate.h,
+ now part of public interface
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - new extern declaration for _rl_executing_keyseq_size, buffer size
+ for rl_executing_keyseq
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
+ - documented new variables: rl_executing_key, rl_executing_keyseq,
+ rl_key_sequence_length
+
+ 12/13
+ -----
+bashline.c
+ - bash_execute_unix_command: replace ad-hoc code that searches
+ cmd_xmap for correct command with call to rl_function_of_keyseq
+ using rl_executing_keyseq; now supports key sequences longer
+ than two characters. Fixes bug reported by Michael Kazior
+ <kazikcz@gmail.com>
+
+ 12/15
+ -----
+make_cmd.c
+ - make_function_def: don't null out source_file before calling
+ make_command so it can be used later on when the function definition
+ is executed
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_intern_function: second argument is now FUNCTION_DEF *
+ instead of COMMAND *
+ - execute_command_internal: call execute_intern_function with the
+ new second argument (the entire FUNCTION_DEF instead of just the
+ command member)
+ - execute_intern_function: if DEBUGGER is defined, call
+ bind_function_def before calling bind_function, just like
+ make_function_def does (might be able to take out the call in
+ make_function_def depending on what the debugger does with it).
+ Fixes bug reported by <dethrophes@motd005>
+
+expr.c
+ - more minor changes to cases of INTMAX_MIN % -1 and INTMAX_MIN / 1;
+ fix typos and logic errors
+
+ 12/16
+ -----
+bashline.c
+ - find_cmd_start: change flags to remove SD_NOSKIPCMD so it skips over
+ command substitutions and doesn't treat them as command separators
+ - attempt_shell_completion: instead of taking first return from
+ find_cmd_name as command name to use for programmable completion,
+ use loop to skip over assignment statements. Fixes problem reported
+ by Raphael Droz <raphael.droz+floss@gmail.com>
+ - attempt_shell_completion: if we don't find a command name but the
+ command line is non-empty, assume the other words are all assignment
+ statements and flag that point is in a command position so we can
+ do command name completion
+ - attempt_shell_completion: if the word being completed is the first
+ word following a series of assignment statements, and the
+ command line is non-empty, flag that point is in a command position
+ so we can do command name completion
+
+lib/readline/history.c
+ - history_get_time: atol -> strtol
+
+ 12/18
+ -----
+parse.y
+ - parser_in_command_position: external interface to the
+ command_token_position macro for use by other parts of the shell,
+ like the completion mechanism
+
+externs.h
+ - extern declaration for parser_in_command_position
+
+ 12/19
+ -----
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - read_builtin: make sure all calls to bind_read_variable are passed
+ a non-null string. Fixes bug reported by Dan Douglas
+ <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+bashline.c
+ - attempt_shell_completion: mark that we're in a command position if
+ we're at the start of the line and the parser is ready to accept
+ a reserved word or command name. Feature most recently suggested
+ by Peng Yu <pengyu.ut@gmail.com>
+
+ 12/21
+ -----
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - _rl_escchar: return the character that would be backslash-escaped
+ to denote the control character passed as an argument ('\n' -> 'n')
+ - _rl_isescape: return 1 if character passed is one that has a
+ backslash escape
+ - _rl_untranslate_macro_value: new second argument: use_escapes, if
+ non-zero translate to backslash escapes where possible instead of
+ using straight \C-x for control character `x'. Change callers
+ - _rl_untranslate_macro_value: now global
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - _rl_untranslate_macro_value: extern declaration
+
+lib/readline/{macro.c,readline.h}
+ - rl_print_last_kbd_macro: new bindable function, inspired by patch
+ from Mitchel Humpherys
+
+lib/readline/funmap.c
+ - print-last-kbd-macro: new bindable command, bound to
+ rl_print_last_kbd_macro
+
+lib/readline/doc/{rluser.texi,readline.3},doc/bash.1
+ - print-last-kbd-macro: document.
+
+lib/readline/text.c
+ - _rl_insert_next: if we're defining a macro, make sure the key gets
+ added to the macro text (should really audit calls to rl_read_key()
+ and make sure the right thing is happening for all of them)
+
+bashline.[ch]
+ - print_unix_command_map: new function, prints all bound commands in
+ cmd_xmap using rl_macro_dumper in a reusable format
+
+builtins/bind.def
+ - new -X option: print all keysequences bound to Unix commands using
+ print_unix_command_map. Feature suggested by Dennis Williamson
+ (2/2011)
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document new `bind -X' option
+
+ 12/24
+ -----
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - add a couple of sentences to the description of the case modification
+ operators making it clearer that each character of parameter is
+ tested against the pattern, and that the pattern should only attempt
+ to match a single character. Suggested by Bill Gradwohl
+ <bill@ycc.com>
+
+ 12/28
+ -----
+shell.c
+ - init_noninteractive: instead of calling set_job_control(0) to
+ unconditionally turn off job control, turn on job control if
+ forced_interactive or jobs_m_flag is set
+ - shell_initialize: call initialize_job_control with jobs_m_flag as
+ argument so `bash -m script' enables job control while running the
+ script
+
+jobs.c
+ - initialize_job_control: if the `force' argument is non-zero, turn on
+ job control even if the shell is not currently interactive
+ (interactive == 0)
+
+ 12/29
+ -----
+
+flags.h
+ - new extern declaration for jobs_m_flag
+
+builtins/{cd,set}.def,doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - added text clarifying the descriptions of cd -L and -P, suggested by
+ Padraig Brady <p@draigbrady.com>
+ - slight change to the description of `set -P' about resolving symbolic
+ links
+
+lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi
+ - Added an example to the programmable completion section: _comp_cd,
+ a completion function for cd, with additional verbiage. Text
+ includes a reference to the bash_completion project
+
+ 1/1/2012
+ --------
+jobs.c
+ - set_job_status_and_cleanup: note that a job is stopped due to
+ SIGTSTP (any_tstped) if job_control is set; there's no need to
+ test interactive
+
+ 1/5
+ ---
+quit.h
+ - LASTSIG(): new macro, expands to signal number of last terminating
+ signal received (terminating_signal or SIGINT)
+
+trap.c
+ - first_pending_trap: returns lowest signal number with a trap pending
+ - trapped_signal_received: set to the last trapped signal the shell
+ received in trap_handler(); reset to 0 in run_pending_traps
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - read_builtin: changes to posix-mode (posixly_correct != 0) to make
+ `read' interruptible by a trapped signal. After the trap runs,
+ read returns 128+sig and does not assign the partially-read line
+ to the named variable(s). From an austin-group discussion started
+ by David Korn
+
+ 1/11
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - slight changes to the descriptions of the compat32 and compat40 shell
+ options to clarify their meaning
+
+ 1/12
+ ----
+lib/readline/{colors.[ch],parse-colors.[ch]}
+ - new files, part of color infrastructure support
+
+Makefile.in,lib/readline/Makefile.in
+ - arrange to have colors.o and parse-colors.o added to readline
+ library
+
+{configure,config.h}.in
+ - check for stdbool.h, define HAVE_STDBOOL_H if found
+
+ 1/14
+ ----
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - colored_stats: new bindable variable, enables using colors to
+ indicate file type when listing completions
+
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - _rl_colored_stats: new variable, controlled by colored-stats bindable
+ variable
+ - colored_stat_start, colored_stat_end: new functions to set and reset
+ the terminal color appropriately depending on the type of the
+ filename to be printed
+ - print_filename: changes to print colors if `colored-stats' variable
+ set. Changes contributed by Raphael Droz
+ <raphael.droz+floss@gmail.com>
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - rl_initialize_everything: add call to _rl_parse_colors to parse
+ color values out of $LS_COLORS. May have to add to rl_initialize
+ to make more dynamic if LS_COLORS changes (which doesn't happen
+ very often, if at all)
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - _rl_colored_stats: new extern declaration
+
+lib/readline/doc/{readline.3,rluser.texi},doc/bash.1
+ - colored-stats: document new bindable readline variable
+
+lib/readline/colors.c
+ - _rl_print_color_indicator: call rl_filename_stat_hook before calling
+ lstat/stat so we can get color indicators for stuff like
+ $HOME/Applications
+
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - stat_char: call rl_filename_stat_hook before calling lstat/stat
+
+findcmd.[ch],execute_cmd.c
+ - search_for_command: now takes a second `flags' argument; changed
+ header function prototype and callers
+ - search_for_command: if (flags & 1), put the command found in $PATH
+ into the command hash table (previous default behavior)
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - is_dirname: call search_for_command with flags argument of 0 so it
+ doesn't try to put something in the command hash table
+
+bashline.c
+ - bash_command_name_stat_hook: a hook function for readline's
+ filename_stat_hook that does $PATH searching the same way that
+ execute_cmd.c:execute_disk_command() does it, and rewrites the
+ passed filename if found. Does not put names into command hash
+ table. This allows command name completion to take advantage
+ of `visible-stats' and `colored-stats' settings.
+ - executable_completion: new function, calls the directory completion
+ hook to expand the filename before calling executable_file or
+ executable_or_directory; change command_word_completion_function to
+ call executable_completion. This allows $HOME/bin/[TAB] to do
+ command completion and display alternatives
+
+ 1/17
+ ----
+pcomplete.c
+ - gen_command_matches: now takes a new second argument: the command
+ name as deciphered by the programmable completion code and used
+ to look up the compspec; changed callers (gen_compspec_completions)
+ - gen_shell_function_matches: now takes a new second argument: the
+ command that originally caused the completion function to be
+ invoked; changed callers (gen_compspec_completions))
+ - build_arg_list: now takes a new second argument: the command name
+ corresponding to the current compspec; changed callers
+ (gen_command_matches, gen_shell_function_matches)
+ - build_arg_list: now uses `cmd' argument to create $1 passed to
+ invoked command or shell function
+ - gen_compspec_completions: if we skipped a null command at the
+ beginning of the line (e.g., for completing `>'), add a new word for
+ it at the beginning of the word list and increment nw and cw
+ appropriately. This is all a partial fix for the shortcoming
+ pointed out by Sung Pae <sungpae@gmail.com>
+
+ 1/18
+ ----
+
+{configure,config.h}.in
+ - new check: check for AUDIT_USER_TTY defined in <linux/audit.h>,
+ define HAVE_DECL_AUDIT_USER_TTY if both are found
+
+lib/readline/rlconf.h
+ - ENABLE_TTY_AUDIT_SUPPORT: new define, allows use of the Linux kernel
+ tty auditing system if it's available and enabled
+
+lib/readline/util.c
+ - _rl_audit_tty: new function, send a string to the kernel tty audit
+ system
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - _rl_audit_tty: new extern declaration
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - readline: call _rl_audit_tty with line to be returned before returning
+ it if the Linux tty audit system is available and it's been enabled
+ in rlconf.h Original patch from Miroslav Trmac; recent request
+ from Miroslav Lichvar <mlichvar@redhat.com>
+
+ 1/21
+ ----
+
+lib/readline/readline.c:
+ - _rl_dispatch_subseq: add an inter-character timeout for multi-char
+ key sequences. Suggested by <rogerx.oss@gmail.com>. Still needs
+ work to make a user-settable variable
+
+parse.y
+ - shell_getc: make code that uses the pop_alias dependent on ALIAS
+ define
+
+variables.h
+ - sv_tz: extern define should only depend on HAVE_TZSET
+
+expr.c
+ - expr_streval: if ARRAY_VARS is not defined, set lvalue->ind to -1;
+ move assignment to `ind' inside define
+ - expr_bind_array_element: declaration and uses need to be #ifdef
+ ARRAY_VARS
+
+arrayfunc.h
+ - AV_ALLOWALL, AV_QUOTED, AV_USEIND: define to 0 if ARRAY_VARS not
+ defined; used in subst.c unconditionally
+
+sig.h
+ - make the signal blocking functions not dependent on JOB_CONTROL
+
+sig.c
+ - sigprocmask: make the replacement definition not dependent on
+ JOB_CONTROL
+
+trap.c
+ - use BLOCK_SIGNAL/UNBLOCK_SIGNAL instead of code dependent on
+ HAVE_POSIX_SIGNALS and BSD signals
+
+ 1/24
+ ----
+
+print_cmd.c
+ - print_redirection_list: change the conditions under which
+ r_duplicating_output_word is mapped to r_err_and_out to more or
+ less match those used in redir.c. Fixes bug pointed out by
+ Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+
+ 1/29
+ ----
+lib/readline/signals.c
+ - _rl_block_sigwinch,_rl_release_sigwinch: don't compile in bodies
+ unless SIGWINCH is defined. Fixes bug reported by Pierre Muller
+ <pierre.muller@ics-cnrs.unistra.fr>
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - small modifications to the introduction to the REDIRECTION section
+ to describe how redirections can modify file handles
+ - small modification to the section describing base#n to make it
+ clearer that n can be denoted using non-numerics. From a posting
+ by Linda Walsh <bash@tlinx.org>
+
+ 2/2
+ ---
+builtins/printf.def
+ - printf_builtin: make sure vbuf is intialized and non-null when -v
+ is supplied, since other parts of the code assume that it's not
+ null (e.g., bind_printf_variable()). Fixes bug reported by Jim
+ Avera <james_avera@yahoo.com>
+
+ 2/4
+ ---
+lib/readline/undo.c
+ - _rl_free_undo_list: new function, old body of rl_free_undo_list,
+ frees undo entries in UNDO_LIST * passed as argument
+ - rl_free_undo_list: call _rl_free_undo_list
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - _rl_free_undo_list: new extern declaration
+ - _rl_keyseq_timeout: new extern declaration (see below)
+
+lib/readline/misc.c
+ - rl_clear_history: new function. Clears the history list and frees
+ all associated data similar to history.c:clear_history(), but
+ takes rl_undo_list into account and frees and UNDO_LISTs saved as
+ `data' members of a history list entry
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
+ - rl_clear_history: documented
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - _rl_keyseq_timeout: new variable to hold intra-key timeout value
+ from 1/21 fix; specified in milliseconds. Default value is 500
+ - _rl_dispatch_subseq: change to use _rl_keyseq_timeout as intra-key
+ timeout if it's greater than 0; no timeout if <= 0
+ - _rl_dispatch_subseq: don't check for queued keyboard input if we have
+ pushed or pending input, or if we're reading input from a macro
+
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - keyseq-timeout: new bindable variable, shadows _rl_keyseq_timeout
+ - string_varlist: add keyseq-timeout
+ - sv_seqtimeout: new function to modify value of _rl_keyseq_timeout;
+ clamps negative values at 0 for now
+ - _rl_get_string_variable_value: return value for keyseq-timeout
+
+doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/{rluser.texi,readline.3}
+ - keyseq-timeout: documented
+
+lib/readline/isearch.c
+ - _rl_isearch_dispatch: modification to fix from 7/18 to not use
+ cxt->keymap and cxt->okeymap, since by the time this code is
+ executed, they are equal. Use `f' to check for rl_insert or
+ unbound func
+ - _rl_isearch_dispatch: if we're switching keymaps, not in
+ callback mode, and don't have pending or pushed input, use
+ _rl_input_queued to resolve a potentially ambiguous key sequence.
+ Suggested by Roger Zauner <rogerx.oss@gmail.com>
+ - _rl_isearch_dispatch: if we have changed keymaps and resolved to
+ an editing function (not self-insert), make sure we stuff the
+ right characters back onto the input after changing the keymap
+ back so the right editing function is executed after the search
+ is terminated. Rest of fix for bug reported by Roger Zauner
+ <rogerx.oss@gmail.com>
+
+ 2/5
+ ---
+builtins/gen-helpfiles.c
+ - new file: reads struct builtin and writes the long docs to files
+ in the `helpdirs' subdirectory. The filename is given in the
+ previously-unused `handle' member of the struct builtin. Links
+ with `tmpbuiltins.o', which is created by Makefile to have the
+ right long documentation. When not cross-compiling, gets the
+ right #defines based on configuration options from config.h instead
+ of trying to parse conditional parts of def files. Fixes
+ shortcoming pointed out by Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
+
+builtins/Makefile.in
+ - tmpbuiltins.c: new generated file, created to enable creation of
+ separate helpfiles based on correct #defines instead of trying to
+ parse conditional parts of def files
+ - gen-helpfiles: new program to generate helpfiles, links with
+ tmpbuiltins.o
+ - HELPFILES_TARGET: new target, substituted by configure to `helpdoc'
+ if separate helpfiles requested
+ - targets: new target, libbuiltins.a and $(HELPFILES_TARGET)
+ - CREATED_OBJECTS: new variable, holds created object files for
+ make clean; changed make clean to remove created objects
+ - helpdoc: changed to call gen-helpfiles instead of mkbuiltins
+
+Makefile.in
+ - when building libbuiltins.a, recursively call make with `targets'
+ argument to make sure separate helpfiles get built
+
+configure.in
+ - substitute `helpdoc' as value of HELPFILES_TARGET if
+ --enable-separate-helpfiles supplied as configure argument
+
+builtins/mkbuiltins.c
+ - `-nofunctions': new argument, causes mkbuiltins to not write value
+ for function implementing a particular builtin to struct builtin
+ and to write document file name to `handle' member of struct builtin
+ - no longer writes separate helpfiles; that is left to gen-helpfiles
+
+ 2/8
+ ---
+subst.c
+ - make sure last_command_exit_value is set to a non-zero value before
+ any calls to report_error, since `-e' set will short-circuit
+ report_error. Fixes bug reported by Ewan Mellor
+ <Ewan.Mellor@eu.citrix.com>
+
+variables.c
+ - make_local_array_variable: added second argument; if non-zero,
+ function will return an existing local associative array variable
+ instead of insisting on an indexed array
+
+variable.h,subst.c
+ - make_local_array_variable: changed prototype and caller
+
+builtins/declare.def
+ - declare_internal: add second arg to call to make_local_array_variable;
+ making_array_special, which indicates we're processing an
+ assignment like declare a[b]=c. Fixes seg fault resulting from
+ a being an already-declared local associative array variable in a
+ function. Ubuntu bash bug 928900.
+
+ 2/14
+ ----
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_command_internal: if redirections into or out of a loop fail,
+ don't try to free ofifo_list unless saved_fifo is non-zero. It's
+ only valid if saved_fifo is set
+
+ 2/15
+ ----
+{arrayfunc,braces,variables}.c
+ - last_command_exit_value: make sure it's set before any calls to
+ report_error, since -e will cause that to exit the shell
+
+builtins/common.c
+ - get_job_by_name: call internal_error instead of report_error so this
+ doesn't exit the shell
+
+ 2/18
+ ----
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - parse_and_execute: make sure the file descriptor to be redirected to
+ is 1 before calling cat_file. One fix for bug reported by Dan Douglas
+ <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+parse.y
+ - read_token_word: don't return NUMBER if a string of all digits
+ resolves to a number that overflows the bounds of an intmax_t.
+ Other fix for bug reported by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+ 2/19
+ ----
+lib/sh/strtrans.c
+ - ansicstr: use 0x7f as the boundary for characters that translate
+ directly from ASCII to unicode (\u and \U escapes) instead of
+ UCHAR_MAX, since everything >= 0x80 requires more than one byte.
+ Bug and fix from John Kearney <dethrophes@web.de>
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - tescape: ditto for printf \u and \U escape sequences
+
+ 2/20
+ ----
+lib/sh/unicode.c
+ - u32toutf8: fix to handle encodings up to six bytes long correctly
+ (though technically UTF-8 only has characters up to 4 bytes long).
+ Report and fix from John Kearney <dethrophes@web.de>
+ - u32toutf8: first argument is now an unsigned 32-bit quantity,
+ changed callers (u32cconv) to pass c instead of wc
+ - u32reset: new function, resets local static state to uninitialized
+ (locale information, currently)
+
+locale.c
+ - call u32reset whenever LC_CTYPE/LC_ALL/LANG is changed to reset the
+ cached locale information used by u32cconv. From a report from
+ John Kearney <dethrophes@web.de>
+
+ 2/21
+ ----
+doc/{bash,builtins}.1
+ - minor changes from Bjarni Ingi Gislason <bjarniig@rhi.hi.is>
+
+lib/sh/unicode.c
+ - u32cconv: only assume you can directly call wctomb on the passed
+ value if __STDC_ISO_10646__ is defined and the value is <=
+ 0x7fffffff
+ - stub_charset: return locale as default instead of "ASCII", let
+ rest of code decide what to do with it
+
+lib/readline/parens.c
+ - _rl_enable_paren_matching: make paren matching work in vi insert
+ mode. Bug report from <derflob@derflob.de>
+
+ 2/22
+ ----
+lib/sh/shquote.c
+ - sh_backslash_quote: quote tilde in places where it would be
+ expanded. From a report from John Kearney <dethrophes@web.de>
+
+ 2/23
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_pipeline: wrap the discard_unwind_frame call in #ifdef
+ JOB_CONTROL, since the frame is only created if JOB_CONTROL is
+ defined. Bug and fix from Doug Kehn <rdkehn@yahoo.com>
+
+ 2/25
+ ----
+error.c
+ - report_error: make sure last_command_exit_value is non-zero before
+ we call exit_shell, since the exit trap may reference it. Call
+ exit_shell with last_command_exit_value to allow exit statuses
+ other than 1
+
+unicode.c
+ - stub_charset: use local static buffer to hold charset, don't change
+ value returned by get_locale_var. Based on idea and code from
+ John Kearney <dethrophes@web.de>
+ - u32toutf16: function to convert unsigned 32-bit value (unicode) to
+ UTF-16. From John Kearney <dethrophes@web.de>
+ - u32cconv: call u32toutf16 if __STDC_ISO_10646__ defined and wchar_t
+ is two bytes, send result to wcstombs, return if not encoding error.
+ From John Kearney <dethrophes@web.de>
+ - u32cconv: return UTF-8 conversion if iconv conversion to local
+ charset is unsupported
+
+ 3/2
+ ---
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - print_filename: if there is no directory hook, but there is a stat
+ hook, and we want to append a slash to directories, call the stat
+ hook before calling path_isdir on the expanded directory name.
+ Report and pointer to fix from Steve Rago <sar@nec-labs.com>
+
+ 3/3
+ ---
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - parse_and_execute: fix to change of 2/18: make sure the file
+ descriptor being redirected to is 0 before calling cat_file when
+ we see something like $(< file). Real fix for bug reported by
+ Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+subst.c
+ - parameter_brace_patsub: run the replacement string through quote
+ removal even if the expansion is within double quotes, because
+ the parser and string extract functions treat the quotes and
+ backslashes as special. If they're treated as special, quote
+ removal should remove them (this is the Posix position and
+ compatible with ksh93). THIS IS NOT BACKWARDS COMPATIBLE.
+
+ 3/4
+ ---
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - rl_menu_complete: fix to make show-all-if-ambiguous and
+ menu-complete-display-prefix work together if both are set. Fix
+ from Sami Pietila <sami.pietila@gmail.com>
+
+ 3/5
+ ---
+bashline.c
+ - dircomplete_expand_relpath: new variable, if non-zero, means that
+ `shopt -s direxpand' should expand relative pathnames. Zero by
+ default, not user-settable yet
+ - bash_directory_completion_hook: if we have a relative pathname that
+ isn't changed by canonicalization or spell checking after being
+ appended to $PWD, then don't change what the user typed. Controlled
+ by dircomplete_expand_relpath
+
+ 3/7
+ ---
+m4/timespec.m4
+ - new macros, cribbed from gnulib and coreutils: find out whether we
+ have `struct timespec' and what file includes it
+
+m4/stat-time.m4
+ - new macros, cribbed from gnulib and coreutils: find out whether the
+ mtime/atime/ctime/etctime fields of struct stat are of type
+ struct timespec, and what the name is
+
+include/stat-time.h
+ - new file, cribbed from gnulib, with additions from coreutils: include
+ the right file to get the struct timespec define, or provide our own
+ replacement. Provides a bunch of inline functions to turn the
+ appropriate members of struct stat into `struct timespec' values,
+ zeroing out the tv_nsec field if necessary
+
+test.c
+ - include "stat-time.h" for the nanosecond timestamp resolution stuff
+ - stat_mtime: new function, returns struct stat and the mod time
+ normalized into a `struct timespec' for the filename passed as the
+ first argument
+ - filecomp: call stat_mtime instead of sh_stat for each filename
+ argument to get the mtime as a struct timespec
+ - filecomp: call timespec_cmp instead of using a straight arithmetic
+ comparison for the -nt and -ot operators, using timespec returned by
+ stat_mtime. Added functionality requested by by Werner Fink
+ <werner@suse.de> for systems that can support it
+
+ 3/10
+ ----
+include/posixdir.h
+ - REAL_DIR_ENTRY: remove dependency on _POSIX_SOURCE, only use feature
+ test macros to decide whether dirent.d_ino is present and usable;
+ define D_INO_AVAILABLE. Report and fix from Fabrizion Gennari
+ <fabrizio.ge@tiscali.it>
+ - D_FILENO_AVAILABLE: define if we can use dirent.d_fileno
+
+lib/sh/getcwd.c
+ - use D_FILENO_AVAILABLE to decide whether or not to compile in
+ _path_checkino and whether or not to call it. Report and initial
+ fix from Fabrizion Gennari <fabrizio.ge@tiscali.it>
+
+lib/readline/signals.c
+ - make sure all occurrences of SIGWINCH are protected by #ifdef
+
+sig.c
+ - make sure all occurrences of SIGCHLD are protected by #ifdef
+
+nojobs.c
+ - make sure SA_RESTART is defined to 0 if the OS doesn't define it
+
+version.c
+ - show_shell_version: don't use string literals in printf, use %s.
+ Has added benefit of removing newline from string to be translated
+
+trap.c
+ - queue_sigchld_trap: new function, increments the number of pending
+ SIGCHLD signals by the argument, which is by convention the number
+ of children reaped in a call to waitchld()
+
+trap.h
+ - queue_sigchld_trap: new extern declaration
+
+jobs.c
+ - waitchld: if called from the SIGCHLD signal handler (sigchld > 0),
+ then call queue_sigchld_trap to avoid running the trap in a signal
+ handler context. Report and original fix from Siddhesh Poyarekar
+ <siddhesh@redhat.com>
+
+lib/sh/unicode.c
+ - u32tocesc: take an unsigned 32-bit quantity and encode it using
+ ISO C99 string notation (\u/\U)
+ - u32cconv: call u32tocesc as a fallback instead of u32cchar
+ - u32cconv: call u32tocesc if iconv cannot convert the character.
+ Maybe do the same thing if iconv_open fails
+ - u32reset: call iconv_close on localconv if u32init == 1
+
+ 3/11
+ ----
+config-top.h
+ - CHECKWINSIZE_DEFAULT: new define, set to initial value of
+ check_window_size (shopt checkwinsize): 0 for off, 1 for on.
+ Default is 0
+
+{jobs,nojobs}.c
+ - check_window_size: default initial value to CHECKWINSIZE_DEFAULT
+
+ 3/13
+ ----
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - change text referring to the copying restrictions to that
+ recommended by the FSF (no Front-Cover Texts and no Back-Cover
+ Texts)
+
+lib/readline/doc/{history,rlman,rluserman}.texi
+ - change text referring to the copying restrictions to that
+ recommended by the FSF (no Front-Cover Texts and no Back-Cover
+ Texts)
+
+ 3/15
+ ----
+array.c
+ - LASTREF_START: new macro to set the starting position for an array
+ traversal to `lastref' if that's valid, and to the start of the array
+ if not. Used in array_reference, array_insert, array_remove
+ - array_remove: try to be a little smarter with lastref instead of
+ unconditionally invalidating it
+
+ 3/16
+ ----
+array.c
+ - array_insert: fix memory leak by deleting element to be added in the
+ case of an error
+
+ 3/18
+ ----
+lib/sh/mbschr.c
+ - mbschr: don't call mbrlen unless is_basic is false; devolves to a
+ straight character-by-character run through the string
+
+ 3/19
+ ----
+stringlib.c
+ - substring: use memcpy instead of strncpy, since we know the length
+ and are going to add our own NUL terminator
+
+ 3/20
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - parameter_brace_expand_rhs: if expand_string_for_rhs returns a quoted
+ null string (a list with one element for which
+ QUOTED_NULL(list->word->word) returns true), return the quoted null
+ and set the flags in the returned word to indicate it. Fixes bug
+ reported by Mark Edgar <medgar123@gmail.com>
+
+lib/sh/tmpfile.c
+ - use random(3) instead of get_random_number to avoid perturbing the
+ random sequence you get using $RANDOM. Bug report and fix from
+ Jurij Mihelic <jurij.mihelic@fri.uni-lj.si>
+
+ 3/21
+ ----
+config-top.h
+ - OPTIMIZE_SEQUENTIAL_ARRAY_ASSIGNMENT: define to 1 to optimize
+ sequential indexed array assignment patterns. Defined to 1 by
+ default
+
+array.c
+ - array_insert: if OPTIMIZE_SEQUENTIAL_ARRAY_ASSIGNMENT is defined,
+ start the search at lastref (see change from 3/15)
+
+ 3/27
+ ----
+print_cmd.c
+ - debug_print_word_list: new debugging function, prints a word list
+ preceded by an optional string and using a caller-specified
+ separator
+
+ 4/1
+ ---
+command.h
+ - W_ASSNGLOBAL: new flag, set to indicate declare -g
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - fix_assignment_words: note that we have a -g argument to an assignment
+ builtin and set the W_ASSNGLOBAL flag in the variable word
+
+subst.c
+ - dump_word_flags: print out W_ASSNGLOBAL if present
+ - do_assignment_internal: only set ASS_MKLOCAL if W_ASSIGNARG is set
+ and W_ASSNGLOBAL is not. Don't want to create a local variable even
+ if variable_context is non-zero if ASSNGLOBAL is set. Fixes bug
+ reported by Bill Gradwohl <bill@ycc.com>
+
+ 4/7
+ ---
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - _rl_dispatch_subseq: make the `keyseq-timeout' variable apply to
+ ESC processing when in vi mode. After hitting ESC, readline will
+ wait up to _rl_keyseq_timeout*1000 microseconds (if set) for
+ additional input before dispatching on the ESC and switching to
+ command/movement mode. Completes timeout work suggested by
+ <rogerx.oss@gmail.com>; this prompted by report from Barry Downes
+ <barry.downes@gmail.com>
+
+lib/sh/shmbchar.c
+ - sh_mbsnlen: new function, returns the number of (possibly multibyte)
+ characters in a passed string with a passed length, examining at most
+ maxlen (third argument) bytes
+
+externs.h
+ - sh_mbsnlen: extern declaration for new function
+
+shell.c
+ - exit_shell: call maybe_save_shell_history if remember_on_history is
+ set, not just in interactive shells. That means the history is
+ saved if history is enabled, regardless of whether or not the shell
+ is interactive
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - TMOUT: fix description to make it explicit that TMOUT is the timeout
+ period for a complete line of input, not just any input. Fixes
+ problem reported in Ubuntu bug 957303:
+ https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/bash/+bug/957303
+ - HISTFILE: document change to write history list to history file in
+ any shell with history enabled, not just interactive shells. This
+ seems to be more logical behavior. Suggested by Greg Wooledge
+ <wooledg@eeg.ccf.org>
+
+ 4/12
+ ----
+lib/readline/colors.h
+ - only include stdbool.h if HAVE_STDBOOL_H is defined
+ - if HAVE_STDBOOL_H is not defined, provide enough definition for the
+ library to use `bool', `true', and `false'
+
+lib/readline/parse-colors.[ch]
+ - don't try to include <stdbool.h> at all; rely on colors.h to do it
+
+lib/sh/snprintf.c
+ - vsnprintf_internal: only treat '0' as a flag to indicate zero padding
+ if `.' hasn't been encountered ((flags&PF_DOT) == 0); otherwise treat
+ it as the first digit of a precision specifier. Fixes bug reported
+ by Petr Sumbera <petr.sumbera@sun.com>
+
+ 4/15
+ ----
+lib/sh/snprintf.c
+ - vsnprintf_internal: if the '0' and '-' flags both occur, the '0'
+ flag is ignored -- Posix. Start of a series of fixes based on
+ tests and patches from Petr Sumbera <petr.sumbera@sun.com>
+ - PUT_PLUS: make sure PF_PLUS flag is specified before putting the `+'
+ - vsnprintf_internal: when '+' is read as a flag, don't set right-
+ justify flag if the LADJUST (`-') flag has already been supplied
+ - floating: make sure to output space padding before the `+', zero
+ padding after
+ - exponent: make sure to output space padding before the `+', zero
+ padding after
+ - exponent: only subtract one from the width for the decimal point
+ if we're really going to print one
+ - floating: use presence of PF_PLUS flag to decide whether to account
+ for the `+' in the padded field width. Ditto for exponent()
+
+ 4/16
+ ----
+lib/sh/snprintf.c
+ - vsnprint_internal: only reduce precision by 1 when processing the `g'
+ format if it's > 0. A precision of 0 should stay 0; otherwise it
+ gets set to -1 (NOT_FOUND) and converted to the default
+ - number, lnumber: if an explicit precision is supplied, turn off the
+ zero-padding flag and set the pad character back to space
+ - number, lnumber: only account for a `+' when performing the field
+ width calculation if the coversion is base 10; we don't add a `+'
+ for other bases
+
+ 4/18
+ ----
+tests/printf3.sub
+ - try using "perl -e 'print time'" to get the current time in seconds
+ since the epoch if "date +%s" is not available (solaris 8-10)
+
+ 4/19
+ ----
+tests/run-printf
+ - use cat -v instead of relying on diff -a being available to convert
+ control characters to ascii and avoid the dreaded "Binary files
+ /tmp/xx and printf.right differ"
+
+ 4/20
+ ----
+lib/sh/strftime.c
+ - incoporated new version from Aharon Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com>
+
+ 4/22
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - slight change to the description of /dev/tcp and /dev/udp
+
+subst.c
+ - match_wpattern: logic fix to the calculation of `simple' (was |=,
+ needs to be &=). Bug report from Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>,
+ fix from Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
+
+bashline.c
+ - bash_filename_stat_hook: add code from bash_directory_completion_hook
+ that performs pathname canonicalization in the same way that cd and
+ other builtins will do
+
+ 4/25
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_pipeline: change the call to move_to_high_fd to make it use
+ getdtablesize() and to not stomp on existing open file descriptors,
+ like the fd the shell is using to read a script. Bug report from
+ Greg Wooledge <wooledg@eeg.ccf.org>
+
+ 5/6
+ ---
+subst.c
+ - expand_word_internal: case '$': after calling param_expand and
+ setting had_quoted_null, set TEMP to null. The code that builds the
+ returned string at the end of the function will take care of making
+ and returning a quoted null string if there's nothing else in
+ ISTRING. If there is, the quoted null should just go away. Part of
+ fix for bug reported by Ruediger Kuhlmann <RKuhlmann@orga-systems.com>
+ - expand_word_internal: when processing ISTRING to build return value,
+ only set W_HASQUOTEDNULL in the returned word flags if the word is
+ a quoted null string AND had_quoted_null is set. Rest of fix
+
+ 5/9
+ ---
+variables.c
+ - bind_variable_internal: if we get an array variable here (implicit
+ assignment to index 0), call make_array_variable_value, which
+ dummies up a fake SHELL_VAR * from array[0]. This matters when
+ we're appending and have to use the current value
+ - bind_variable_internal: after computing the new value, treat assoc
+ variables with higher precedence than simple array variables; it
+ might be that a variable has both attributes set
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - bind_array_var_internal: break code out that handles creating the
+ new value to be assigned to an array variable index into a new
+ function, make_array_variable_value. This handles creating a
+ dummy SHELL_VAR * for implicit array[0] assignment. Fixes bug
+ reported by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+arrayfunc.h
+ - make_array_variable_value: new extern declaration
+
+ 5/19
+ ----
+variables.c
+ - bind_int_variable: if an assignment statement like x=y comes in
+ from the expression evaluator, and x is an array, handle it like
+ x[0]=y. Fixes bug reported by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+ 5/24
+ ----
+
+braces.c
+ - mkseq: handle possible overflow and break the sequence generating
+ loop if it occurs. Fixes OpenSUSE bug 763591:
+ https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=763591
+
+ 5/25
+ ----
+Makefile.in
+ - LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD: add to compilation recipes for build tools
+ buildversion, mksignames, mksyntax
+ - LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD: add to compilation recipes for test tools
+ recho, zecho, printenv, xcase
+
+builtins/Makefile.in
+ - LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD: add to compilation recipes for build tools
+ gen-helpfiles, psize.aux
+
+variables.c
+ - bind_int_variable: if LHS is a simple variable name without an array
+ reference, but resolves to an array variable, call
+ bind_array_variable with index 0 to make x=1 equivalent to x[0]=1.
+ Fixes bug reported by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+ 5/27
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - expand_word_internal: make sure has_dollar_at doesn't get reset before
+ recursive calls to param_expand or expand_word_internal, since it has
+ to save state of what came before. Use temp variable and make sure
+ has_dollar_at is incremented if recursive call processes "$@".
+ Fixes bug reported by gregrwm <backuppc-users@whitleymott.net> and
+ supplemented by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - changes to the description of substring expansion inspired by
+ suggestions from Bill Gradwohl <bill@ycc.com>
+
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - added substring expansion examples inspired by suggestions from
+ Bill Gradwohl <bill@ycc.com>
+
+variables.c
+ - find_shell_variable: search for a variable in the list of shell
+ contexts, ignore the temporary environment
+ - find_variable_tempenv: search for a variable in the list of shell
+ contexts, force search of the temporary environment
+ - find_variable_notempenv: search for a variable in the list of shell
+ contexts, don't force search of the temporary environment
+
+variables.h
+ - find_shell_variable: extern declaration
+ - find_variable_tempenv: extern declaration
+ - find_variable_notempenv: extern declaration
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - bind_array_variable: call find_shell_variable instead of calling
+ var_lookup directly
+
+findcmd.c
+ - search_for_command: call find_variable_tempenv instead of
+ find_variable_internal directly
+ - _find_user_command_internal: call find_variable_tempenv instead of
+ find_variable_internal directly
+
+builtins/setattr.def
+ - set_var_attribute: call find_variable_notempenv instead of
+ find_variable_internal directly
+ - show_name_attributes: call find_variable_tempenv instead of
+ find_variable_internal directly
+
+ 6/1
+ ---
+sig.c
+ - termsig_handler: don't try to save the shell history on a terminating
+ signal any more, since it just causes too many problems on Linux
+ systems using glibc and glibc malloc
+
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - rl_vi_change_to: change to correctly redo `cc', since `c' is not a vi
+ motion character. From Red Hat bug 813289
+ - rl_vi_delete_to: change to correctly redo `dd', since `d' is not a vi
+ motion character
+ - rl_vi_yank_to: change to correctly redo `yy', since `y' is not a vi
+ motion character
+
+ 6/4
+ ---
+lib/sh/mktime.c
+ - current versions of VMS do not need to include <stddef.h>. Fix from
+ John E. Malmberg <wb8tyw@qsl.net>
+
+ 6/5
+ ---
+lib/sh/eaccess.c
+ - sh_stat: instead of using a static buffer to do the DEV_FD_PREFIX
+ translation, use a dynamically-allocated buffer that we keep
+ resizing. Fixes potential security hole reported by David Leverton
+ <levertond@googlemail.com>
+
+ 6/5
+ ---
+braces.c
+ - expand_seqterm: check errno == ERANGE after calling strtoimax for
+ rhs and incr. Part of a set of fixes from Scott McMillan
+ <scotty.mcmillan@gmail.com>
+ - expand_seqterm: incr now of type `intmax_t', which changes
+ arguments to mkseq
+ - mkseq: a better fix for detecting overflow and underflow since it's
+ undefined in C and compilers `optimize' out overflow checks. Uses
+ ADDOVERFLOW and SUBOVERFLOW macros
+ - mkseq: use sh_imaxabs (new macro) instead of abs() for intmax_t
+ variables
+ - mkseq: don't allow incr to be converted to -INTMAX_MIN
+ - mkseq: make sure that strvec_create isn't called with a size argument
+ greater than INT_MAX, since it only takes an int
+
+ 6/6
+ ---
+braces.c
+ - mkseq: try and be smarter about not overallocating elements in
+ the return array if the increment is not 1 or -1
+
+ 6/7
+ ---
+parse.y
+ - history_delimiting_chars: if the parser says we're in the middle of
+ a compound assignment (PST_COMPASSIGN), just return a space to avoid
+ adding a stray semicolon to the history entry. Fixes bug reported
+ by "Davide Brini" <dave_br@gmx.com>
+
+ 6/8
+ ---
+bashline.c
+ - bash_directory_completion_hook: don't attempt spelling correction
+ on the directory name unless the direxpand option is set and we are
+ going to replace the directory name with the corrected one in the
+ readline line. Suggested by Linda Walsh <bash@tlinx.org>
+
+lib/sh/shquote.c
+ - sh_backslash_quote: now takes a third argument: flags. If non-zero,
+ tildes are not backslash-escaped. Have to handle both printf %q,
+ where they should be escaped, and filename completion, where they
+ should not when used as usernames
+
+externs.h
+ - sh_backslash_quote: declaration now takes a third argument
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - printf_builtin: call sh_backslash_quote with 1 as third argument
+ so tildes get escaped
+
+{bashline,bracecomp}.c
+ - call sh_backslash_quote with 0 as third argument so tildes are not
+ escaped in completed words
+
+doc/bash.1
+ - add `coproc' to the list of reserved words. From a report by
+ Jens Schweikhardt <schweikh@schweikhardt.net>
+
+ 6/10
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - line_number_for_err_trap: now global, so parse_and_execute can save
+ and restore it with unwind-protect
+
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - parse_prologue: save and restore line_number_for_err_trap along
+ with line_number
+ - restore_lastcom: new function, unwind-protect to restore
+ the_printed_command_except_trap
+ - parse_prologue: use restore_lastcom to save and restore the value
+ of the_printed_command_except_trap around calls to parse_and_execute
+ (eval/source/.)
+
+ 6/15
+ ----
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - complete_fncmp: change filename comparison code to understand
+ multibyte characters, even when doing case-sensitive or case-mapping
+ comparisons. Fixes problem reported by Nikolay Shirokovskiy
+ <nshyrokovskiy@gmail.com>
+
+ 6/20
+ ----
+builtins/mapfile.def
+ - mapfile: move the line count increment and check for having read
+ the specified number of lines to the end of the loop to avoid
+ reading an additional line with zgetline. Fixes bug reported by
+ Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+ 6/21
+ ----
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_pipeline: make sure `lastpipe_flag' is initialized to 0 on
+ all systems, since it's tested later in the function. Fixes bug
+ reported by John E. Malmberg <wb8tyw@qsl.net>
+
+ 6/22
+ ----
+mailcheck.c
+ - file_mod_date_changed: return 0 right away if mailstat() does not
+ return success. Fixes bug with using uninitialized values reported
+ by szymon.kalasz@uj.edu.pl
+
+builtins/set.def
+ - the `monitor' option is not available when the shell is compiled
+ without job control, since the underlying `m' flag is not available
+
+nojobs.c
+ - job_control: now declared as int variable, initialized to 0, never
+ modified
+
+jobs.h
+ - job_control: extern declaration no longer dependent on JOB_CONTROL
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_pipeline: made necessary changes so `lastpipe' shell option
+ is now available in all shells, even those compiled without
+ JOB_CONTROL defined
+
+ 6/23
+ ----
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - glob_filename: check for interrupts before returning if glob_vector
+ returns NULL or an error. Bug reported by Serge van den Boom
+ <svdb@stack.nl>, fix from Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
+ - call run_pending_traps after each call to QUIT or test of
+ interrupt_state, like we do in mainline shell code
+ - glob_vector: don't call QUIT; in `if (lose)' code block; just free
+ memory, return NULL, and let callers deal with interrupt_state or
+ other signals and traps
+
+ 6/25
+ ----
+lib/readline/input.c
+ - rl_read_key: restructure the loop that calls the event hook a little,
+ so that the hook is called only after rl_gather_tyi returns no input,
+ and any pending input is returned first. This results in better
+ efficiency for processing pending input without calling the hook
+ on every input character as bash-4.1 did. From a report from
+ Max Horn <max@quendi.de>
+
+ 6/26
+ ----
+trap.c
+ - signal_is_pending: return TRUE if SIG argument has been received and
+ a trap is waiting to execute
+
+trap.h
+ - signal_is_pending: extern declaration
+
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - glob_vector: check for pending SIGINT trap each time through the loop,
+ just like we check for interrupt_state or terminating_signal, and
+ set `lose = 1' so we clean up after ourselves and interrupt the
+ operation before running the trap. This may require a change later,
+ maybe call run_pending_traps and do that if run_pending_traps returns?
+
+variables.c
+ - sv_histtimefmt: set history_comment_character to default (`#') if
+ it's 0 when we're turning on history timestamps. The history code
+ uses the history comment character to prefix timestamps, and
+ leaving it at 0 effectively removes them from the history. From a
+ report to help-bash by Dennis Williamson <dennistwilliamson@gmail.com>
+
+ 6/27
+ ----
+lib/readline/signals.c
+ - rl_maybe_restore_sighandler: new function, sets handler for SIG to
+ HANDLER->sa_handler only if it's not SIG_IGN. Needs to be called
+ on same signals set using rl_maybe_set_sighandler, which does not
+ override an existing SIG_IGN handler (SIGALRM is ok since it does
+ the check inline; doesn't mess with SIGWINCH)
+
+ 6/30
+ ----
+variables.h
+ - additional defines for the new `nameref' variable attribute
+ (att_nameref): nameref_p, nameref_cell, var_setref
+
+variables.c
+ - find_variable_nameref: resolve SHELL_VAR V through chain of namerefs
+ - find_variable_last_nameref: resolve variable NAME until last in a
+ chain of possibly more than one nameref starting at shell_variables
+ - find_global_variable_last_nameref: resolve variable NAME until last
+ in a chain of possibly more than one nameref starting at
+ global_variables
+ - find_nameref_at_context: resolve SHELL_VAR V through chain of namerefs
+ in a specific variable context (usually a local variable hash table)
+ - find_variable_nameref_context: resolve SHELL_VAR V through chain of
+ namerefs following a chain of varible contexts
+ - find_variable_last_nameref_context: resolve SHELL_VAR V as in
+ find_variable_last_context, but return the final nameref instead of
+ what the final nameref resolves to
+ - find_variable_tempenv, find_variable_notempenv, find_global_variable,
+ find_shell_variable, find_variable: modified to follow namerefs
+ - find_global_variable_noref: look up a global variable without following
+ any namerefs
+ - find_variable_noref: look up a shell variable without following any
+ namerefs
+ - bind_variable_internal: modify to follow a chain of namerefs in the
+ global variables table; change to handle assignments to a nameref by
+ following nameref chain
+ - bind_variable: modify to follow chain of namerefs when binding to a
+ local variable
+ - unbind_variable: changes to unset nameref variables (unsets both
+ nameref and variable it resolves to)
+
+subst.c
+ - parameter_brace_expand_word: change to handle expanding nameref whose
+ value is x[n]
+ - parameter_brace_expand_indir: change to expand in ksh93-compatible
+ way if variable to be indirected is nameref and a simple (non-array)
+ expansion
+ - param_expand: change to expand $foo where foo is a nameref whose value
+ is x[n]
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_for_command: changes to implement ksh93 semantics when index
+ variable is a nameref
+
+builtins/setattr.def
+ - show_var_attributes: change to add `n' to flags list if att_nameref
+ is set
+
+builtins/set.def
+ - unset_builtin: changes to error messages to follow nameref variables
+
+builtins/declare.def
+ - document new -n option
+ - declare_internal: new `-n' and `+n' options
+ - declare_internal: handle declare -n var[=value] and
+ declare +n var[=value] for existing and non-existant variables.
+ Enforce restriction that nameref variables cannot be arrays.
+ Implement semi-peculiar ksh93 semantics for typeset +n ref=value
+
+ 7/5
+ ---
+variables.c
+ - unbind_variable: unset whatever a nameref resolves to, leaving the
+ nameref variable itself alone
+ - unbind_nameref: new function, unsets a nameref variable, not the
+ variable it references
+
+variables.h
+ - unbind_nameref: extern declaration
+
+builtins/set.def
+ - unset_builtin: modify to add -n option, which calls unbind_nameref
+ leaving unbind_variable for the usual case. This required slight
+ changes and additions to the test suite
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document namerefs and typeset/declare/local/unset -n
+
+ 7/13
+ ----
+lib/sh/casemod.c
+ - include shmbchar.h for is_basic and supporting pieces
+ - sh_casemod: use _to_wupper and _to_wlower to convert wide character
+ case instead of TOUPPER and TOLOWER. Fixes bug reported by
+ Dennis Williamson <dennistwilliamson@gmail.com>, fix from
+ Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
+ - cval: short-circuit and return ascii value if is_basic tests true
+ - sh_casemod: short-circuit and use non-multibyte case modification
+ and toggling code if is_basic tests true
+
+lib/readline/signals.c
+ - _rl_{block,release}_sigint: remove the code that actually blocks and
+ releases the signals, since we defer signal handling until calls to
+ RL_CHECK_SIGNALS()
+
+lib/readline/{callback,readline,util}.c
+ - if HAVE_POSIX_SIGSETJMP is defined, use sigsetjmp/siglongjmp without
+ saving and restoring the signal mask instead of setjmp/longjmp
+
+lib/readline/rltty.c
+ - prepare_terminal_settings: don't mess with IXOFF setting if
+ USE_XON_XOFF defined
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - add some text to the description of set -e clarifying its effect
+ on shell functions and shell function execution. Suggested by
+ Rainer Blome <rainer.blome@gmx.de>
+
+bashline.c
+ - edit_and_execute_command: increment current_command_line_count before
+ adding partial line to command history (for command-oriented-history
+ because of rl_newline at beginning of function), then reset it to 0
+ before adding the dummy history entry to make sure the dummy entry
+ doesn't get added to previous incomplete command. Partial fix for
+ problem reported by Peng Yu <pengyu.ut@gmail.com>
+
+ 7/24
+ ----
+configure.in
+ - interix: define RECYCLES_PIDS. Based on a report from Michael
+ Haubenwallner <michael.haubenwallner@salomon.at>
+
+ 7/26
+ ----
+jobs.c
+ - make_child: call bgp_delete on the newly-created pid unconditionally.
+ Some systems reuse pids before cycling through an entire set of
+ CHILD_MAX/_SC_CHILD_MAX unique pids. This is no longer dependent
+ on RECYCLES_PIDS. Based on a report from Michael Haubenwallner
+ <michael.haubenwallner@salomon.at>
+
+support/shobj-conf
+ - Mac OS X: drop MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.3 from the LDFLAGS. We
+ can finally kill Panther
+
+ 7/28
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - command_substitute: make sure last_made_pid gets reset if make_child
+ fails
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_command_internal: case cm_simple: decide whether or not to
+ wait_for a child if already_making_children is non-zero, indicates
+ that there is an unwaited-for child. More of fix for bug report
+ from Michael Haubenwallner <michael.haubenwallner@salomon.at>
+
+jobs.c
+ - make_child: call delete_old_job (new_pid) unconditionally, don't
+ bother to check whether or not pid wrap occurred. Rest of fix for
+ bug report from Michael Haubenwallner
+ <michael.haubenwallner@salomon.at>
+
+ 7/29
+ ----
+shell.c
+ - subshell_exit: new function, exits the shell (via call to sh_exit())
+ after calling any defined exit trap
+
+externs.h
+ - subshell_exit: new extern declaration
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_command_internal: make sure to call subshell_exit for
+ {} group commands executed asynchronously (&). Part of fix for
+ EXIT trap bug reported by Maarten Billemont <lhunath@lyndir.com>
+
+sig.c
+ - reset_terminating_signals: make sure to set termsigs_initialized back
+ to 0, so a subsequent call to initialize_terminating_signals works
+ right. Rest of fix for bug reported by Maarten Billemont
+ <lhunath@lyndir.com>
+
+{execute_cmd,general,jobs,mailcheck,mksyntax,test}.c
+builtins/{cd,fc,pushd,ulimit}.def
+lib/malloc/getpagesize.h
+lib/sh/{clktck,fpurge,inet_aton,mailstat,oslib,pathcanon,pathphys,spell,strerror}.c
+ - make inclusion of <sys/param.h> dependent on HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H
+ consistently
+
+ 8/6
+ ---
+lib/readline/histexpand.c
+ - history_expand_internal: now takes an additional argument saying
+ whether the history expansion occurs within a quoted string, set to
+ the open quote character
+ - history_expand_internal: use new argument instead of checking prev
+ char and initializing quoted_search_delimiter, pass qc directly to
+ get_history_event, where it allows a matching quote to terminate a
+ string defining an event
+ - history_expand: change single-quote handling code so that if
+ history_quotes_inhibit_expansion is 0, single quotes are treated
+ like double quotes
+ - history_expand: change call to history_expand_internal to pass new
+ argument of `"' if double-quoted string, `'' if single-quoted string;
+ this lets history_expand decide what is a quoted string and what
+ is not
+
+ 8/7
+ ---
+configure.in
+ - AC_CANONICAL_BUILD: invoke for later use
+
+lib/readline/macro.c
+ - _rl_prev_macro_key: new function, inverse of _rl_next_macro_key:
+ backs up the index into the current macro by 1
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - _rl_prev_macro_key: extern declaration
+
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - _rl_dispatch_subseq, _rl_subseq_result: don't call _rl_unget_char
+ if we're currently reading from a macro; call _rl_prev_macro_key
+ instead. Fixes bug reported by Clark Wang <clark.wang@oracle.com>
+
+ 8/13
+ ----
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - evalstring(): new function, wrapper around parse_and_execute.
+ make sure we handle cases where parse_and_execute can call `return'
+ and short-circuit without cleaning up properly. We call
+ parse_and_execute_cleanup() then jump to the previous-saved return
+ location
+
+builtins/common.h
+ - extern declaration for evalstring()
+
+builtins/eval.def
+ - eval_builtin: make sure we handle `eval " ... return"' in contexts
+ where `return' is valid by calling evalstring(). Fixes bug with
+ `eval return' in sourced files reported by Clark Wang
+ <dearvoid@gmail.com>
+
+trap.c
+ - run_pending_traps: call evalstring instead of parse_and_execute.
+ XXX - still needs to handle saving and restoring token state in the
+ presence of `return'; could use unwind_protects for that
+
+builtins/mapfile.def
+ - run_callback: call evalstring instead of parse_and_execute
+
+ 8/15
+ ----
+bashline.c
+ - bash_filename_stat_hook: make sure we don't free local_dirname
+ before using it to canonicalize any expanded filename. Make sure
+ it always points to *dirname and only free it if we're replacing
+ it.
+
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - append_to_match: make sure we call rl_filename_stat_hook with
+ newly-allocated memory to avoid problems with freeing it twice
+
+ 8/17
+ ----
+variables.c,config-top.h
+ - if ARRAY_EXPORT is defined to 1 when variables.c is compiled, the
+ code that allows indexed arrays to be exported is enabled and
+ included
+
+ 8/19
+ ----
+shell.c
+ - call start_debugger from main() only if dollar_vars[1] != 0 (close
+ enough to a non-interactive shell, since we can be interactive with
+ -i while running a shell script). Fixes oddity reported by
+ Techlive Zheng <techlivezheng@gmail.com>
+
+ 8/20
+ ----
+arrayfunc.c
+ - quote_array_assignment_chars: don't bother quoting if the word has
+ not been marked as an assignment (W_ASSIGNMENT)
+ - quote_array_assignment_chars: turn on W_NOGLOB in the word flags
+ so assignment statements don't undergo globbing. Partial fix for
+ problems reported by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+ 8/21
+ ----
+command.h
+ - W_NOBRACE: new word flag that means to inhibit brace expansion
+
+subst.c
+ - brace_expand_word_list: suppress brace expansion for words with
+ W_NOBRACE flag
+
+ 8/22
+ ----
+builtins/read.def
+ - read_builtin: don't call dequote_string on what we've read, even if
+ we saw an escape character, unless (input_string && *input_string).
+ We may have escaped an IFS whitespace character. Fixes seg fault
+ reported by <armandsl@gmail.com>
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_command_internal: set the_printed_command_except trap when
+ about to execute a ( ... ) user subshell. For now, set it only if
+ ERR is trapped; can relax that later. Fixes bug reported by
+ Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
+
+ 8/23
+ ----
+jobs.c
+ - remove references to first_pid and pid_wrap, since we're not using
+ them for anything anymore
+
+ 8/24
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - changes for W_NOBRACE everywhere appropriate: so it can be displayed
+ for debugging, and passed out of expand_word_internal
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - small changes to make it clearer that the = and == operators are
+ equivalent, and will cause pattern matching when used with [[.
+ From a question from Michal Soltys <soltys@ziu.info>
+
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - some small formatting changes from Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>
+
+ 8/27
+ ----
+lib/readline/doc/{history,rlman,rluserman}.texi
+ - some small formatting changes from Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - assign_array_element_internal, assign_compound_array_list,
+ unbind_array_element, array_value_internal: changes to make
+ assignment statements to negative indices (a[-1]=2) and unsetting
+ array elements using negative indices (unset 'a[-1]') work.
+ From suggestions by Dennis Williamson <dennistwilliamson@gmail.com>
+ and Chris F. A. Johnson <chris@cfajohnson.com>
+
+subst.c
+ - array_length_reference: changes to make length references to array
+ elements using negative indices (${#a[-1]}) work
+
+ 8/28
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document new treatment of negative indices to indexed arrays when
+ assigning, referencing, calculating length, and unsetting
+
+ 8/29
+ ----
+shell.c
+ - show_shell_usage: add -l to list of shell invocation options (short
+ for --login). From Red Hat bug 852469
+
+configure.ac
+ - renamed from configure.in, as latest autoconf versions want. Patches
+ Stefano Lattarini <stefano.lattarini@gmail.com>
+
+MANIFEST,Makefile.in,doc/bashref.texi,support/mkconffiles
+ - configure.in -> configure.ac
+
+ 9/1
+ ---
+
+parse.y
+ - read_token_word: allow words like {array[ind]} to be valid redirection
+ words for constructs like {x}<file
+
+redir.c
+ - redir_varassign: bind_var_to_int already handles array assignments,
+ so don't need to do anything more for things like {a[i]}<file
+ - redir_varvalue: changes to allow references to {a[i]} when
+ performing redirections using valid_array_reference and
+ get_array_value. Adds functionality requested most recently by
+ <unknown@vmw-les.eng.vmware.com>
+
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - update_line: if the first difference between the old and new lines
+ is completely before any invisible characters in the prompt, we
+ should not adjust _rl_last_c_pos, since it's before any invisible
+ characters. Fixed in two places
+ - prompt_modechar: return a character indicating the editing mode:
+ emacs (@), vi command (:), or vi insert (+)
+ - _rl_reset_prompt: new function, just calls rl_expand_prompt. Will be
+ inlined, placeholder for more changes
+ - expand_prompt: if show-mode-in-prompt is enabled, add a character to
+ the front of the prompt indicating the editing mode, adjusting the
+ various variables as appropriate to keep track of the number of
+ visible characters and number of screen positions
+
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - show-mode-in-prompt: new bindable boolean variable, shadowed by
+ _rl_show_mode_in_prompt variable
+ - hack_special_boolean_var: call _rl_reset_prompt when toggling or
+ setting show-mode-in-prompt
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - readline_internal_setup: make sure the correct vi mode keymap is set
+ before expanding the prompt string for the first time
+
+lib/readline/misc.c
+ - rl_emacs_editing_mode: make sure to call _rl_reset_prompt if we're
+ showing the editing mode in the prompt
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - _rl_reset_prompt, _rl_show_mode_in_prompt: extern declarations
+
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - rl_vi_insertion_mode: call _rl_reset_prompt
+ - rl_vi_movement_mode: call _rl_reset_prompt. Finishes changes for
+ showing mode in prompt string, originally requested by Miroslav
+ Koskar <mkoskar@gmail.com> and most recently by Jordan Michael
+ Ziegler <jziegler@bnl.gov>
+
+doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/{readline.3,rluser.texi}
+ - document new show-mode-in-prompt variable, off by default
+
+ 9/3
+ ---
+
+jobs.c
+ - set_childmax: new function, external mechanism for other parts of
+ the shell to set js.c_childmax, the number of saved exited child
+ statuses to remember
+jobs.h
+ - set_childmax: extern declaration
+
+variables.c
+ - CHILD_MAX: new special variable, with sv_childmax function to
+ run when it changes. Setting CHILD_MAX to a value greater than
+ zero but less than some maximum (currently 8192) sets the number of
+ exited child statuses to remember. set_childmax (jobs.c) ensures
+ that the number does not drop below the posix-mandated minimum
+ (CHILD_MAX)
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - CHILD_MAX: document new meaning and action when variable is set
+
+ 9/5
+ ---
+redir.c
+ - redir_varassign: call stupidly_hack_special_variables after
+ assigning fd number to specified variable, so we can use constructs
+ like {BASH_XTRACEFD}>foo. Suggested by Pierre Gaston
+ <pierre.gaston@gmail.com>
+
+ 9/8
+ ---
+expr.c
+ - readtok: invalidate previous contents of `curlval' before freeing
+ and reallocating tokstr (which, chances are, will get the same
+ pointer as before and render curlval inconsistent). Fixes other
+ bug reported by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+ 9/9
+ ---
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - rl_username_completion_function: protect call to setpwent() with
+ #ifdef (HAVE_GETPWENT)/#endif. Fixes bug reported by
+ Gerd Hofmann <gerd.hofmann.nbg@googlemail.com>
+
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - rl_message: second and subsequent calls to rl_message can result in
+ local_prompt being overwritten with new values (e.g., from the
+ successive calls displaying the incremental search string). Need
+ to free before overwriting if it's not the same as the value saved
+ in saved_local_prompt. Fixes memory leak reported by
+ Wouter Vermaelen <vermaelen.wouter@gmail.com>
+
+lib/readline/{terminal.c,rlprivate.h}
+ - move CUSTOM_REDISPLAY_FUNC and CUSTOM_INPUT_FUNC defines from
+ terminal.c to rlprivate.h so other files can use them
+
+expr.c
+ - expr_streval: if noeval is non-zero, just return 0 right away,
+ short-circuiting evaluation completely. readtok will leave curtok
+ set correctly without re-entering the evaluator at all. Rest of
+ fix for bug reported by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+ 9/11
+ ----
+
+parse.y
+ - parse_comsub: make sure the `reserved word ok in this context' flag
+ is preserved after we read `do' followed by whitespace. Fixes bug
+ reported by Benoit Vaugon <benoit.vaugon@gmail.com>
+
+ 9/13
+ ----
+configure.ac,config.h.in
+ - enable-direxpand-default: new configure option, turns the `direxpand'
+ shell option on by default
+
+bashline.c
+ - dircomplete_expand, dircomplete_expand_relpath: initialize to 1 if
+ DIRCOMPLETE_EXPAND_DEFAULT is defined and non-zero
+
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - enable-direxpand-default: document new configure option
+
+ 9/14
+ ----
+shell.c
+ - --protected: make option valid only when wordexp is compiled into
+ the shell. Fix from Roman Rakus <rrakus@redhat.com>
+
+configure.ac
+ - HP NonStop (*-nsk*): compile --without-bash-malloc. Change from
+ Joachim Schmitz <jojo@schmitz-digital.de>
+
+ 9/16
+ ----
+subst.c,execute_cmd.c,lib/glob/sm_loop.c,lib/sh/shquote.c
+ - minor code cleanups from Joachim Schmitz <jojo@schmitz-digital.de>
+
+lib/readline/colors.h
+ - workaround for HP NonStop compiler issue with <stdbool.h> from
+ Joachim Schmitz <jojo@schmitz-digital.de>
+
+ 9/17
+ ----
+builtins/printf.def
+ - printf_builtin: handle localtime returning NULL, as can happen when
+ encountering overflow. Bug report and initial fix from
+ Eduardo A. Bustamante López <dualbus@gmail.com>
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - emphasize that brace expansion using character ranges ({a..c}) acts
+ as if the C locale were in use. Prompted by message from
+ Marcel Giannelia <info@skeena.net>
+
+ 9/20
+ ----
+lib/sh/wcsnwidth.c
+ - wcsnwidth: new function, variant of wcwidth, returns the number of
+ wide characters from a string that will be displayed to not exceed
+ a specified max column position
+
+ 9/21
+ ----
+builtins/help.def
+ - show_builtin_command_help: break code that displays the short-doc
+ for each builtin in two columns into a new function: dispcolumn
+ - wdispcolumn: multibyte-char version of dispcolumn; uses wide
+ chars and printf "%ls" format. Fixes problem reported by
+ Nguyá»n Thái Ngá»c Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
+
+ 9/22
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_disk_command: before running the command-not-found hook,
+ call kill_current_pipeline() to make sure we don't add processes
+ to an existing pipeline or wait for processes erroneously
+
+ 9/23
+ ----
+lib/readline/input.c
+ - rl_input_available_hook: new hook function, called from
+ _rl_input_available (or _rl_input_queued) to return whether or not
+ input is available wherever the input source is
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
+ - rl_input_available_hook: document
+
+ 9/27
+ ----
+lib/glob/sm_loop.c:
+ - GMATCH: after one or more `*', an instance of ?(x) can match zero or
+ 1 times (unlike ?, which has to match one character). The old code
+ failed if it didn't match at least once. Fixes `a*?(x)' bug.
+ - GMATCH: if we hit the end of the search string, but not the end of
+ the pattern, and the rest of the pattern is something that can
+ match the NUL at the end of the search string, we should successfully
+ match. Fixes `a*!(x)' bug reported by <hans1worst@gmail.com>
+
+ 10/2
+ ----
+command.h
+ - add c_lock member to coproc structure for future use to tell who is
+ manipulating it
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_coproc: block SIGCHLD while parent is forking coproc
+ process and adding pid to sh_coproc struct to avoid race condition
+ where child is reaped before the pid is assigned and the coproc is
+ never marked as having died. Fixes race condition identified by
+ Davide Baldini <baldiniebaldini@gmail.com>
+ - add assignments to c_lock member of struct coproc in various
+ functions that manipulate it; was used to identify race condition
+ - coproc_pidchk: don't call coproc_dispose to avoid using malloc and
+ other functions in a signal handler context
+ - coproc_dispose: call BLOCK_SIGNAL/UNBLOCK_SIGNAL for SIGCHLD while
+ manipulating the sh_coproc struct
+
+ 10/6
+ ----
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - rl_display_match_list: if printing completions horizontally, don't
+ bother with spacing calculations if limit == 1, which means we are
+ printing one completion per line no matter what. Fixes bug
+ reported by David Kaasen <kaasen@nvg.ntnu.no>
+
+ 10/7
+ ----
+builtins/declare.def
+ - declare_internal: add error checking for nameref attribute and
+ variable assignments: self-references, attempts to make an array
+ variable a nameref
+
+subst.c
+ - parameter_brace_expand: handle parameter_brace_expand_word returning
+ &expand_param_fatal or &expand_param_error and return the appropriate
+ error value
+ - parameter_brace_expand_word: if a nameref variable's value is not a
+ valid identifier, return an error
+ - param_expand: if a nameref variable's value is not a valid identifier,
+ return an error
+
+test.c
+ - unary_operator: add new -R variable, returns true if variable is set
+ and has the nameref attribute. From ksh93
+
+builtins/test.def
+ - add -R to description of conditional commands for help test
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document new -R unary conditional operator
+
+ 10/13
+ -----
+trap.c
+ - check_signals_and_traps: new function, convenience function for the
+ rest of the shell to check for pending terminating and interrupt
+ signals, and to check for and process any pending traps
+ - any_signals_trapped: new function, returns non-zero if any signals
+ are trapped and -1 if not
+
+trap.h
+ - extern declaration for check_signals_and_traps
+
+bashline.c
+ - bashline_reset: make sure we reset the event hook
+ - bash_event_hook: call check_signals_and_traps instead of just
+ checking for terminating signals so we can run pending traps and
+ react to interrupts, and reset the event hook when we're done
+
+
+ 10/14
+ -----
+trap.c
+ - trap_handler: if executing in a readline signal handler context,
+ call bashline_set_event_hook to install bash_event_hook to process
+ the signal (if bash cares about it)
+
+sig.c
+ - sigint_sighandler: call bashline_set_event_hook to set the event
+ hook if we're executing in a readline signal handler context
+
+lib/readline/input.c
+ - rl_getc: call RL_CHECK_SIGNALS if read returns -1/EINTR and the caught
+ signal is SIGINT or SIGQUIT rather than waiting until the next time
+ around the loop
+ - rl_getc: call rl_event_hook after calling RL_CHECK_SIGNALS to allow
+ an application signal handler to set the event hook in its own
+ signal handler (e.g., like bash trap_handler or sigint_sighandler)
+
+
+parse.y
+ - yy_readline_get: don't set interrupt_immediately before we call
+ readline(). Inspired by report from lanshun zhou
+ <zls.sogou@gmail.com>
+
+input.c
+ - getc_with_restart: add call to run_pending_traps after call to
+ CHECK_TERMSIG
+
+lib/sh/zread.c
+ - zread: call check_signals_and_traps if read() returns -1/EINTR
+ instead of just ignoring the EINTR and deferring handling any
+ signal that generated it
+
+builtins/mapfile.def
+ - mapfile: don't set interrupt_immediately before calling zgetline()
+ (which uses zread internally)
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - read_builtin: don't set interrupt_immediately before calling zread
+ (moved code around so that it was only being set right around calls
+ to zread to avoid signal handler conflicts). Inspired by report
+ from lanshun zhou <zls.sogou@gmail.com>
+ - edit_line: don't set interrupt_immediately around call to readline()
+ - include shmbutil.h
+ - read_builtin: don't call read_mbchar unless is_basic(c) returns
+ false for the character we just read
+
+ 10/15
+ -----
+sig.c
+ - throw_to_top_level: if interrupt_state is non-zero, make sure that
+ last_command_exit_value reflects 128+SIGINT if it's not already
+ greater than 128
+
+ 10/20
+ -----
+builtins/wait.def
+ - WAIT_RETURN: set wait_signal_received back to 0 for the potential
+ next call to wait
+
+quit.h
+ - CHECK_WAIT_INTR: macro to check whether trap_handler handled a
+ signal and set wait_signal_received; longjmp to wait_intr_buf in
+ that case
+
+jobs.c
+ - wait_for, waitchld: call CHECK_WAIT_INTR at the same places we call
+ CHECK_TERMSIG to check for terminating signals
+ - wait_sigint_handler: don't longjmp out of the wait builtin unless
+ interrupt_immediately is set; otherwise just SIGRETURN from the
+ handler
+ - wait_sigint_handler: if interrupt_immediately not set, but we are
+ executing in the wait builtin and SIGINT is not trapped, treat it
+ as a `normally received' SIGINT: restore the signal handler and
+ send SIGINT to ourselves
+ - waitchld: when in posix mode and running SIGCHLD traps, don't longjmp
+ to wait_intr_buf (and let wait be interrupted) if we're running from
+ a signal handler. Wait for CHECK_WAIT_INTR to do the longjmp.
+ run_pending_traps will run the SIGCHLD trap later
+
+nojobs.c
+ - reap_zombie_children, wait_for_single_pid, wait_for: call
+ CHECK_WAIT_INTR where we call CHECK_TERMSIG
+ - wait_sigint_handler: don't longjmp out of the wait builtin unless
+ interrupt_immediately is set; otherwise just SIGRETURN from the
+ handler
+
+trap.c
+ - trap_handler: make sure wait_signal_received is set if the wait
+ builtin is executing, and only longjmp if interrupt_immediately is
+ set. This whole set of fixes was prompted by report from
+ lanshun zhou <zls.sogou@gmail.com>
+
+ 10/24
+ -----
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - glob_filename: only check directory_name for globbing chars if
+ it's of non-zero length
+
+lib/sh/strchrnul.c
+ - new simpler implementation
+
+subst.c
+ - command_substitute: call set_shellopts after turning off errexit
+ in subshells so it's reflected in $SHELLOPTS
+
+ 11/7
+ ----
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - parse_and_execute: treat ERREXIT case like reader_loop does: set
+ variable_context to 0 before longjmping back to top_level. Don't
+ run the unwind-protect context to avoid side effects from popping
+ function contexts. Part of fix for problem reported by Nikolai
+ Kondrashov <nikolai.kondrashov@redhat.com>
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_simple_command: call unlink_fifo_list only if this is the
+ last element of a pipeline (or not in a pipeline), rather than for
+ every child. Fixes difference in behavior between /dev/fd and
+ FIFOs reported by Zev Weiss <zev@bewilderbeest.net>
+ - execute_null_command: do the same thing in the parent branch after
+ make_child
+
+ 11/14
+ -----
+subst.c
+ - parameter_brace_expand: a variable is null if it's special ($@, $*),
+ the expansion occurs within double quotes, and the expansion turns
+ into a quoted null. Fixes debian bug 692447 reported by
+ Matrosov Dmitriy <sgf.dma@gmail.com>
+
+jobs.c
+ - run_sigchld_trap: make sure `running_trap' sentinel is set
+ appropriately
+ - waitchld: only run the sigchld trap if we're not in a signal
+ handler, not running a trap, and executing the wait builtin.
+ Otherwise, queue for later handling. We still run one instance
+ of the trap handler per exited child. Bulk of fix for bug
+ reported by Elliott Forney <idfah@cs.colostate.edu>
+
+trap.c
+ - queue_sigchld_trap: set catch_flag so run_pending_traps notices,
+ and set trapped_signal_received for completeness. Rest of fix
+ for bug reported by Elliott Forney <idfah@cs.colostate.edu>
+
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - block_signals: renamed to _malloc_block_signals, made public
+ - unblock_signals: renamed to _malloc_unblock_signals, made public
+
+lib/malloc/imalloc.h
+ - extern declarations for _malloc_{un,}block_signals
+
+lib/malloc/table.c
+ - mregister_alloc, mregister_free: block signals around table
+ manipulation
+
+ 11/15
+ -----
+trap.c
+ - run_pending_traps: set SIG_INPROGRESS flag around calls to
+ run_sigchld_handler so other parts of the shell know that the
+ SIGCHLD trap handler is executing
+ - run_pending_traps: if we get a situation where we are looking at
+ running a SIGCHLD trap but the trap string is IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER
+ and the SIG_INPROGRESS flag is set, just skip it. This is possible
+ if run_pending_traps is called from a SIGCHLD trap handler run by
+ run_sigchld_trap
+
+doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/{rluser.texi,readline.3}
+ - corrected description of the effect of `set history-size 0'. Report
+ from Vesa-Matti J Kari <vmkari@cc.helsinki.fi>
+
+include/stdc.h
+ - CPP_STRING: new define, replaces __STRING
+
+lib/malloc/{malloc.c,imalloc.h}
+ - replace __STRING with CPP_STRING
+
+ 11/16
+ -----
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - sv_histsize: if argument evaluates to a value < 0, unstifle the
+ history
+
+ 11/22
+ -----
+redir.c
+ - do_redirection_internal: if we have REDIR_VARASSIGN set in the
+ redirection flags and we set up `redirector' using fcntl or dup2,
+ don't add a redirect to make sure it stays open. Let the
+ script programmer manage the file handle. Fixes bug reported by
+ Sam Liddicott <sam@liddicott.com>
+
+ 11/24
+ -----
+jobs.c
+ - wait_for_any_job: new function, waits for an unspecified background
+ job to exit and returns its exit status. Returns -1 on no background
+ jobs or no children or other errors. Calls wait_for with new
+ sentinel value ANY_PID
+ - wait_for: changes to handle argument of ANY_PID: don't look up or
+ try to modify the child struct, only go through the wait loop once.
+ Return -1 if waitpid returns no children
+
+jobs.h
+ - ANY_PID: new define
+
+builtins/wait.def
+ - new option: -n. Means to wait for the next job and return its exit
+ status. Returns 127 if there are no background jobs (or no
+ children). Feature most recently requested by Elliott Forney
+ <idfah@cs.colostate.edu>
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document new `wait -n' option
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_command_internal: save make_command_string () result in a
+ temp variable before calling savestring() on it; avoids evaluating
+ make_command_string() result twice. Fix from John E. Malmberg
+ <wb8tyw@qsl.net>
+
+ 11/28
+ -----
+
+builtins/declare.def
+ - declare_internal: if an array variable is declared using `declare -a'
+ or `declare -A', but not assigned a value, set the `invisible'
+ attribute so the variable does not show up as set. Fix for bug
+ about variable initialization reported by Tim Friske <me@timfriske.com>
+
+builtins/{mapfile,read}.def
+ - after calling find_or_make_array_variable, make sure the invisible
+ flag is turned off, in case the variable was declared previously
+ using `declare -a' or `declare -A'. Side effect of above change to
+ declare_internal
+
+subst.c
+ - shell_expand_word_list: handle the W_ASSNGLOBAL flag and put -g into
+ the list of options passed to make_internal_declare as appropriate.
+ Fix for bug reported by Tim Friske <me@timfriske.com>
+
+ 11/30
+ -----
+test.c
+ - unary_op: make sure -v and -n check that the variable is not marked
+ as invisible before calling var_isset. Fix for bug reported by Tim
+ Friske <me@timfriske.com>
+
+ 12/2
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - process_substitute: turn off the `expanding_redir' flag, which
+ controls whether or not variables.c:find_variable_internal uses the
+ temporary environment to find variables. We want to use the
+ temp environment, since we don't have to worry about order of
+ evaluation in a subshell. Fixes bug reported by Andrey Borzenkov
+ <arvidjaar@gmail.com>
+
+ 12/4
+ ----
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - glob_filename: changes to avoid null filenames and multiple entries
+ returned for patterns like **/** (globstar enabled). Fixes bug
+ reported by Ulf Magnusson <ulfalizer@gmail.com>
+
+ 12/10
+ -----
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - glob_filename: finish up a series of changes to make globstar-style
+ globbing more efficient, avoid more duplicate filenames, and be more
+ compatible with other shells that implement it
+ o collapse a sequence of **/**/** to one **
+ o note when the directory name is all ** or ends in ** so we
+ can treat it specially when the filename is **
+ All inspired by report from Andrey Borzenkov <arvidjaar@gmail.com>
+
+lib/sh/zread.c
+ - zreadn: new function, like zread, but takes an additional argument
+ saying how many bytes to read into the local buffer. Can be used to
+ implement `read -N' without so many one-byte calls to zreadc. Code
+ from Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
+
+ 12/12
+ -----
+lib/glob/sm_loop.c
+ - PATSCAN (glob_patscan): if passed string already points to end of
+ pattern, return NULL immediately. Fixes problem with
+ extglob_skipname reported by Raphaël Droz <raphael.droz@gmail.com>
+
+ 12/13
+ -----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_coproc: handle the command's exit status being inverted
+ (an oversight). Fixes bug reported by DJ Mills
+ <danielmills1@gmail.com> and Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
+
+ 12/14
+ -----
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - bind_arrow_keys_internal: add MINGW key bindings for Home, End,
+ Delete, and Insert keys. Fix from Pierre Muller
+ <pierre.muller@ics-cnrs.unistra.fr>
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - printf_builtin: '%()T' conversion: if there is no argument supplied,
+ behave as if -1 had been supplied (current time). ksh93-like feature
+ suggested by Clark Wang <dearvoid@gmail.com>
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document new printf %()T default argument behavior
+
+ 12/15
+ -----
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - displaying_prompt_first_line: new variable, indicates whether or
+ not the first line of output is displaying the prompt. Always true
+ in normal mode, sometimes false in horizontal scrolling mode
+ - rl_redisplay: set displaying_prompt_first_line to true unless we
+ are in horizontal mode; set to false in horizontal mode if the left
+ margin of the displayed line is greater than the end of the prompt
+ string
+ - rl_redisplay: when in horizontal scroll mode, don't adjust
+ _rl_last_c_pos by the wrap offset unless the line is displaying
+ a prompt containing invisible chars
+ - update line: don't adjust _rl_last_c_pos by the wrap offset unless
+ the line is displaying a prompt containing invisible chars
+ - update_line: if shrinking the line by reducing the number of
+ displayed characters, but we have already moved the cursor to the
+ beginning of the line where the first difference starts, don't
+ try to delete characters
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - unbuffered_read: set to 2 if invoked as `read -N'
+ - if unbuffered_read is set to 2, compute the number of chars we
+ need to read and read that many with zreadn. Posix mode still
+ uses zreadintr. Code from Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - read: make it clear that if read times out, it saves any input
+ read to that point into the variable arguments. Report from
+ Fiedler Roman <Roman.Fiedler@ait.ac.at>
+
+subst.c
+ - command_substitute: change direct assignment of exit_immediately_on_error
+ to use change_flag ('e', FLAG_OFF) instead
+
+flags.c
+ - use errexit_flag as the variable modified by changes to the -e
+ option, reflect those changes to exit_immediately_on_error
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_builtin: new global variable, builtin_ignoring_errexit, set
+ to 0 by default and set to 1 if eval/source/command executing in a
+ context where -e should be ignored
+ - execute_builtin: set exit_immediately_on_error to errextit_flag
+ after executing eval/source/command in a context where -e should
+ be ignored
+
+flags.c
+ - if builtin_ignoring_errexit is set, changes to errexit_flag are
+ not reflected in the setting of exit_immediately_on_error. Fixes
+ bug reported by Robert Schiele <rschiele@gmail.com>
+
+ 12/23
+ -----
+include/posixjmp.h
+ - setjmp_nosigs: new define, call setjmp in such a way that it will
+ not manipulate the signal mask
+
+{expr,test,trap}.c
+ - setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp; don't need to manipulate
+ signal mask
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - read_builtin: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp; don't need
+ to manipulate signal mask
+
+builtins/evalstring.c:
+ - parse_and_execute: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp; don't need
+ to manipulate signal mask
+ - parse_string: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp; don't need
+ to manipulate signal mask
+ - parse_and_execute: save and restore the signal mask if we get a
+ longjmp that doesn't cause us to return or exit (case DISCARD)
+
+ 12/24
+ -----
+general.c
+ - bash_tilde_expand: only set interrupt_immediately if there are no
+ signals trapped; we want to jump to top level if interrupted but
+ not run any trap commands
+
+ 12/25
+ -----
+jobs.c
+ - run_sigchld_trap: no longer set interrupt_immediately before calling
+ parse_and_execute, even if this is no longer run in a signal handler
+ context
+
+input.c
+ - getc_with_restart: add call to QUIT instead of CHECK_TERMSIG
+
+parse.y
+ - yy_stream_get: now that getc_with_restart calls QUIT, don't need to
+ set interrupt_immediately (already had call to run_pending_traps)
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_subshell_builtin_or_function,execute_function,execute_in_subshell:
+ setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp when saving return_catch; don't
+ need to manipulate signal mask
+ - execute_subshell_builtin_or_function,execute_in_subshell:
+ setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp where appropriate when saving
+ top_level; don't need to manipulate signal mask if we're going to
+ exit right away
+
+subst.c
+ - command_substitute: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp when saving
+ return_catch; don't need to manipulate signal mask
+ - command_substitute: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp where
+ appropriate when saving top_level; don't need to manipulate signal
+ mask if we're going to exit right away
+
+trap.c
+ - run_exit_trap: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp when saving
+ return_catch; don't need to manipulate signal mask
+ - run_exit_trap: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp where
+ appropriate when saving top_level; don't need to manipulate signal
+ mask if we're going to exit right away
+ - _run_trap_internal: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp when saving
+ return_catch; don't need to manipulate signal mask
+
+builtins/evalfile.c
+ - _evalfile: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp when saving
+ return_catch; don't need to manipulate signal mask
+
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - evalstring: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp when saving
+ return_catch; don't need to manipulate signal mask
+
+shell.c
+ - main: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp where appropriate when
+ saving top_level; don't need to manipulate signal mask if we're
+ going to exit right away
+ - run_one_command: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp where
+ appropriate when saving top_level; don't need to manipulate signal
+ mask if we're going to exit right away
+ - run_wordexp: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp where
+ appropriate when saving top_level; don't need to manipulate signal
+ mask if we're going to exit right away
+
+eval.c
+ - reader_loop: save and restore the signal mask if we get a longjmp
+ that doesn't cause us to return or exit (case DISCARD)
+
+ 12/26
+ -----
+parse.y
+ - shell_input_line_{index,size,len}: now of type size_t; in some cases
+ the unsigned property makes a difference
+ - STRING_SAVER: saved_line_{size,index} now of type size_t
+ - shell_getc: don't allow shell_input_line to grow larger than SIZE_MAX;
+ lines longer than that are truncated until read sees a newline;
+ addresses theoretical buffer overflow described by Paul Eggert
+ <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
+ - set_line_mbstate: size_t changes like shell_getc
+ - shell_getc: if shell_input_line is larger than 32K, free it and
+ start over to avoid large memory allocations sticking around
+
+variables.c
+ - bind_global_variable: new function, binds value to a variable in
+ the global shell_variables table
+
+variables.h
+ - bind_global_variable: new extern declaration
+
+builtins/declare.def
+ - declare_internal: if -g given with name=value, but variable is not
+ found in the global variable table, make sure to call
+ bind_global_variable so the variable is created and modified at
+ global scope. Fixes a bug where declare -g x=y could modify `x'
+ at a previous function scope
+
+command.h
+ - W_ASSIGNARRAY: new word flag, compound indexed array assignment
+
+subst.h
+ - ASS_MKGLOBAL: new assignment flag, forcing global assignment even in
+ a function context, used by declare -g
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - fix_assignment_words: set W_ASSIGNARRAY flag if -a option given to
+ declaration builtin
+
+subst.c
+ - do_assignment_internal: explicitly handle case where we are
+ executing in a function and we want to create a global array or
+ assoc variable
+ - shell_expand_word_list: call make_internal_declare if -a option
+ given to declaration builtin (W_ASSIGNARRAY); handle -g option with
+ it (W_ASSNGLOBAL). Fixes inconsistency noticed by Vicente Couce
+ Diaz <vituko@gmail.com>, where declare -ag foo=(bar) could modify
+ array variable foo at previous function scope, not global scope
+
+ 12/27
+ -----
+bashline.c
+ - Minix needs the third argument to tputs to be a void funtion taking
+ an int argument, not an int-returning function. Fix from
+ John E. Malmberg <wb8tyw@qsl.net> as part of VMS bash port
+
+ 12/29
+ -----
+configure.ac,version.c,patchlevel.h
+ - bash-4.3-devel: new version, new shell compatibility level (43)
+
+subst.c
+ - parameter_brace_patsub: put the bash-4.2 code back in from the
+ change of 3/3 that runs the replacement string through quote
+ removal, make it dependent on shell_compatibility_level <= 42
+
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - compat42: new shopt option
+ - set_compatibility_level: change logic to set and unset various
+ compat variables and shell_compatibility_level
+
+COMPAT
+ - new documentation for bash-4.3 compatibility changes
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - compat42: document new shopt option
+
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - set_compatibility_opts: new function, sets the various shopt
+ compat variables based on the value of shell_compatibility_level
+
+builtins/common.h
+ - set_compatibility_opts: new extern declaration
+
+variables.c
+ - BASH_COMPAT: new special variable; sets the shell compatibility
+ level. Accepts values in decimal (4.2) or integer (42) form;
+ Unsetting variable, setting it to empty string, or setting it to
+ out-of-range value sets the shell's compatibility level to the
+ default for the current version. Valid values are 3.1/31 through
+ the current version
+ - sv_shcompat: new function implementing logic for BASH_COMPAT
+
+variables.h
+ - sv_shcompat: new extern declaration
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - BASH_COMPAT: description of new variable
+
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - _rl_colored_stats: default back to 0 for 4.3 release branch
+
+ 1/5/2013
+ --------
+quit.h
+ - remove spurious call to itrace in CHECK_WAIT_INTR
+
+bashline.c
+ - bash_event_hook: if we're going to jump to top_level, make sure we
+ clean up after readline() by calling rl_cleanup_after_signal().
+ Fixes bug reported against devel branch by Raphaël Droz
+ <raphael.droz@gmail.com>
+ - bash_event_hook: reset the event hook before checking for signals
+ or traps in case we longjmp
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - small additions to the set -e section to make it more clear that
+ contexts where -e is ignored extend to compound commands as well
+ as shell functions
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - rl_signal_event_hook: new extern declaration
+
+lib/readline/input.c
+ - rl_signal_event_hook: new variable, hook function to call when a
+ function (currently just read(2)) is interrupted by a signal and
+ not restarted
+ - rl_getc: call rl_signal_event_hook instead of rl_event_hook
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
+ - rl_signal_event_hook: document new function
+
+bashline.c
+ - changes to set rl_signal_event_hook instead of rl_event_hook
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - change readline version numbers to 6.3
+
+ 1/6
+ ---
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - a couple of changes to the descriptions of the ERR trap and its
+ effects based on a message from Rob Nagler <nagler@bivio.biz>
+
+ 1/9
+ ---
+expr.c
+ - expassign: invalidate curlval before freeing and NULLing tokstr to
+ avoid aliasing issues. Fixes bug reported by Eduardo A. Bustamante
+ López<dualbus@gmail.com> and Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+braces.c
+ - array_concat: don't be so aggressive in trying to short-circuit. We
+ can only short-circuit if we have a single-element array where the
+ element is an empty string (array[0] == "" array[1] = 0x0). Existing
+ practice requires us to replicate arrays and prefix or append empty
+ strings. Fixes bug reported by Eduardo A. Bustamante López
+ <dualbus@gmail.com>
+
+ 1/11
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_builtin: since mapfile uses evalstring() to run its callbacks
+ internally, just like eval, so it needs to handle the case where the
+ temp environment given to mapfile persists throughout the entire
+ set of callback commands. This might be a problem with trap also, but
+ trap isn't run in the same way. Fixes bug reported by Dan Douglas
+ <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+ 1/13
+ ----
+redir.c
+ - redirection_error: before expanding the redirection word (if
+ expandable_redirection_filename returns true), disable command
+ substitution during expansion. Fixes bug reported by Dan Douglas
+ <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+subst.c
+ - expand_word_internal: case '\\': if the next character is an IFS
+ character, and the expansion occurs within double quotes, and the
+ character is not one for which backslash retains its meaning, add
+ the (escaped) '\' and the (escaped) character. Fixes bug reported
+ by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+ 1/15
+ ----
+builtins/cd.def
+ - cd_builtin: make sure call to internal_getopt handles -e option.
+ Fixes bug reported by <mashimiao.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
+
+ 1/17
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - expand_word_list_internal: make sure tempenv_assign_error is
+ initialized to 0
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_simple_command: make sure tempenv_assign_error is reset to 0
+ after it's tested to see if an error should force the shell to exit.
+ Fixes problem where a the failure of a tempenv assignment preceding
+ a non-special builtin `sticks' and causes the next special builtin
+ to exit the shell. From a discussion on bug-bash started by
+ douxin <wq-doux@cn.fujitsu.com>
+
+ 1/20
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - parameter_brace_expand_rhs: call stupidly_hack_special_variables
+ after assigning with ${param[:]=word} even if IFS is changing.
+ Suggested by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com> [TENTATIVE, needs work
+ on IFS side effects]
+
+command.h
+ - W_GLOBEXP (which was unused) is now W_SPLITSPACE (which isn't used
+ yet)
+
+{execute_cmd,subst,variables}.c
+ - removed all code that mentioned W_GLOBEXP
+ - removed mention of gnu_argv_flags and code that set it
+
+ 1/22
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - param_expand: set W_SPLITSPACE if we expand (unquoted) $* and
+ IFS is unset or null so we can be sure to split this on spaces
+ no matter what happens with IFS later
+ - expand_word_internal: note that param_expand returns W_SPLITSPACE
+ in the returned word flags and keep track of that state with
+ `split_on_spaces'
+
+ 1/23
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - expand_word_internal: if split_on_spaces is non-zero, make sure
+ we split `istring' on spaces and return the resultant word. The
+ previous expansions should have quoted spaces in the positional
+ parameters where necessary. Suggested by Dan Douglas
+ <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_command_internal: make sure any subshell forked to run a
+ group command or user subshell at the end of a pipeline runs any
+ EXIT trap it sets. Fixes debian bash bug 698411
+ http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=698411
+
+subst.c
+ - shell_expand_word_list: fix code that creates args for and calls
+ make_internal_declare to avoid calling it twice (missing `else'
+ in 12/26 change)
+ - do_assignment_internal: fix code from 12/26 change to fix problem
+ where an existing assoc variable could be converted to an array
+ without checking `mkassoc'
+
+ 1/24
+ ----
+builtins/evalfile.c
+ - _evalfile: add missing `close (fd)' calls before returning to
+ avoid fd leaks. Bug and fix from Roman Rakus <rrakus@redhat.com>
+
+ 1/25
+ ----
+builtins/read.def
+ - read_builtin: don't try to play tricks with the top of the unwind-
+ protect stack after read gets a SIGALRM; save input_string to new
+ memory, run the stack, then restore input_string and assign the
+ variables. Part of fix for bug reported by konsolebox
+ <konsolebox@gmail.com>; the rest of the fix is with the changes in
+ trap and signal handling and doing away with interrupt_immediately
+
+ 1/26
+ ----
+redir.c
+ - redirection_expand, write_here_string, write_here_document: before
+ calling any of the word expansion functions, after setting
+ expanding_redir to 1 (which bypasses the temp environment in the
+ variable lookup functions), call sv_ifs to reset the cached IFS-
+ related variables set by subst.c:setifs(). This ensures that
+ redirections will not get any IFS values that are set in the
+ temporary environment, as Posix specifies. Then, after the word
+ expansions, after resetting expanding_redir to 0, call sv_ifs
+ again to make sure the cached IFS values are set from any
+ assignments in the temporary environment. We force executing_builtin
+ to 1 to `fool' the variable lookup functions into using any temp
+ environment, then reset it to its old value after sv_ifs returns.
+ This is what allows read() to use the (cached) IFS variables set
+ in the temp environment. Fixes inconsistency reported by Dan Douglas
+ <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+ 1/29
+ ----
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - update_line: fix off-by-one error when updating vis_lbreaks array
+ in a multibyte locale that occurs when moving multibyte chars from
+ one line down to another. Bug report and fix from Egmont
+ Koblinger <egmont@gmail.com>
+
+ 1/30
+ ----
+configure.ac
+ - changed version to 4.3-alpha
+
+redir.c
+ - redir_open: handle open returning -1/EINTR, which seems to happen
+ a lot with FIFOs and SIGCHLD, and call QUIT to handle other
+ signals that can interrupt open(2). Bug report and initial fix
+ from Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
+
+ 1/31
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - parameter_brace_expand: make sure to propagate the PF_ASSIGNRHS flag
+ to parameter_brace_expand_word
+ - parameter_brace_expand_word: make sure that if the PF_ASSIGNRHS flag
+ is set and we are expanding ${a[@]} or ${a[*]} we set quoted to
+ include Q_DOUBLE_QUOTES before calling array_value_internal, mirroring
+ what we do for $@ and $*. Fixes inconsistency reported by Dan
+ Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+configure.ac
+ - use AC_CHECK_TOOL instead of AC_CHECK_PROG to check for ar, since it
+ will find $host-prefixed versions of utilities. Report and fix from
+ Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
+
+builtins/setattr.def
+ - set_var_attribute: check whether bind_variable (called when the
+ variable whose attributes are being modified is found in the temp
+ environment) just modified a read-only global variable, and don't
+ bother marking the temporary variable for propagation if so. The
+ propagation is superfluous and will result in a strange error
+ message
+
+ 2/2
+ ---
+variables.c
+ - initialize_shell_variables: don't try to import function definitions
+ with invalid names from the environment if already in posix mode,
+ but create them as (invisible) exported variables so they pass
+ through the environment. Print an error message so user knows
+ what's wrong. Fixes bug reported by Tomas Trnka <ttrnka@mail.muni.cz>
+
+ 2/9
+ ---
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - sigalrm_seen, alrmbuf: now global so the rest of the shell (trap.c)
+ can use them
+ - sigalrm: just sets flag, no longer longjmps to alrmbuf; problem was
+ longjmp without manipulating signal mask, leaving SIGALRM blocked
+
+quit.h
+ - move CHECK_ALRM macro here from builtins/read.def so trap.c:
+ check_signals() can call it
+
+trap.c
+ - check_signals: add call to CHECK_ALRM before QUIT
+ - check_signals_and_traps: call check_signals() instead of including
+ CHECK_ALRM and QUIT inline. Integrating check for read builtin's
+ SIGALRM (where zread call to check_signals_and_traps can see it)
+ fixes problem reported by Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
+
+ 2/12
+ ----
+lib/glob/xmbsrtowcs.c
+ - xdupmbstowcs2: fixed but where end of string was not handled
+ correctly, causing loop to go past end of string in a bunch of cases.
+ Fixes bug reported by "Dashing" <dashing@hushmail.com>
+
+
+ 2/13
+ ----
+builtins/pushd.def
+ - popd_builtin: treat any argument that isn't -n or of the form
+ [-+][[:digit:]]* as an error. Fixes problem reported by Bruce
+ Korb <bruce.korb@gmail.com>
+
+ 2/14
+ ----
+configure.ac
+ - add check for sig_atomic_t; already a placeholder for it in
+ config.h.in
+
+ 2/15
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - do_compound_assignment: don't call assign_compound_array_list with
+ a NULL variable in case make_local_xxx_variable returns NULL
+ (it will if you try to shadow a readonly or noassign variable).
+ Fixes bug reported by Richard Tollerton <rich.tollerton@ni.com>
+
+ 2/16
+ ----
+variables.c
+ - make_local_variable: print error messager if an attempt is made to
+ create a local variable shadowing a `noassign' variable. Previously
+ we just silently refused to do it
+
+trap.[ch]
+ - get_original_signal: now global so rest of the shell can use it
+
+sig.c
+ - initialize_shell_signals: install a signal handler for SIGTERM
+ that does nothing except set a sigterm_received flag instead of
+ ignoring it with SIG_IGN, as long as SIGTERM is not ignored when
+ the shell is started. Use get_original_signal early to get the
+ original handler, since we will do that later anyway
+ - set_signal_handler: if installing sigterm_sighandler as the SIGTERM
+ handler, make sure to add SA_RESTART flag to make it as close to
+ SIG_IGN as possible
+
+sig.h
+ - sigterm_sighandler: new extern declaration
+
+quit.h
+ - RESET_SIGTERM: set sigterm_receved to 0
+ - CHECK_SIGTERM: check sigterm_received; if it's non-zero, treat it
+ as a fatal signal and call termsig_handler to exit the shell
+
+jobs.c
+ - make_child: call RESET_SIGTERM just before fork() so we can detect
+ if the child process received a SIGTERM before it's able to change
+ the signal handler back to what it was when the shell started
+ (presumably SIG_DFL). Only has effect if the shell installed
+ sigterm_sighandler for SIGTERM, interactive shells that were not
+ started with SIG_IGN as the SIGTERM handler
+ - make_child: call RESET_SIGTERM in the parent after fork() so the
+ rest of the shell won't react to it
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_simple_command: call CHECK_SIGTERM after make_child in child
+ to catch SIGTERM received after fork() and before restoring old
+ signal handlers
+ - execute_disk_command: call CHECK_SIGTERM after make_child in child
+ process after restoring old signal handlers and again just before
+ calling shell_execve. Fixes race condition observed by
+ Padraig Brady <p@draigbrady.com> when testing with his `timeout'
+ program
+
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - open_some_spaces: new function, subset of insert_some_chars that just
+ opens up a specified number of spaces to be overwritten
+ - insert_some_spaces: now just calls to open_some_spaces followed by
+ _rl_output_some_chars
+ - update_line: use col_temp instead of recalculating it using
+ _rl_col_width in the case where we use more columns with fewer bytes
+ - update_line: use open_some_spaces and then output the right number
+ of chars instead of trying to print new characters then overwrite
+ existing characters in two separate calls. This includes removing
+ some dodgy code and making things simpler. Fix from Egmont
+ Koblinger <egmont@gmail.com>
+ - use new variable `bytes_to_insert' instead of overloading temp in
+ some code blocks (nls - nfd, bytes that comprise the characters
+ different in the new line from the old)
+
+ 2/18
+ ----
+redir.c
+ - do_redirection_internal: add undoable redirection for the implicit
+ close performed by the <&n- and >&n- redirections. Fixes bug
+ reported by Stephane Chazelas <stephane.chazelas@gmail.com>
+
+ 2/19
+ ----
+sig.c
+ - termsig_handler: an interactive shell killed by SIGHUP and keeping
+ command history will try to save the shell history before exiting.
+ This is an attempt to preserve the save-history-when-the-terminal-
+ window-is-closed behavior
+
+ 2/21
+ ----
+braces.c
+ - brace_expand: if a sequence expansion fails (e.g. because the
+ integers overflow), treat that expansion as a simple string, including
+ the braces, and try to process any remainder of the string. The
+ remainder may include brace expansions. Derived from SuSE bug
+ 804551 example (https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=804551)
+
+ 2/23
+ ----
+{quit,sig}.h,sig.c
+ - sigterm_received declaration now in sig.h; type is sig_atomic_t
+ - sigwinch_received type now sig_atomic_t
+ - sig.h includes bashtypes.h and <signal.h> if SIG_DFL not defined
+ (same logic as trap.h) to pick up sig_atomic_t
+
+unwind_prot.c
+ - include sig.h before quit.h (reverse order)
+
+ 2/27
+ ----
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - reset_shopt_options: make sure check_window_size is reset to the
+ default from config.h, not unconditionally to 0
+
+jobs.[ch]
+ - last_made_pid, last_asynchronous_pid: now volatile. Change from SuSE
+
+jobs.c
+ - wait_for: if we're using sigaction to install a handler for SIGCHLD,
+ make sure we specify SA_RESTART
+
+lib/{tilde,readline}/shell.c
+ - get_home_dir: instead of looking in the password file every time,
+ look once and cache the result
+
+sig.[ch]
+ - sigwinch_received, sigterm_received: now `volatile' qualified
+
+sig.c,quit.h
+ - interrupt_state,terminating_signal: now sig_atomic_t
+
+ 3/1
+ ---
+MANIFEST,examples/*
+ - removed around 120 files without FSF copyrights; requested by
+ Karl Berry in early January
+
+ 3/2
+ ---
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - morecore: only check whether SIGCHLD is trapped if SIGCHLD is defined
+
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - Fixed most of the examples in the GNU Parallel section to use better
+ shell idioms following complaints on bug-bash; added a couple of
+ examples and smoothed out the text
+
+quit.h
+ - include "sig.h" for sig_atomic_t
+
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - update_line: when inserting one or more characters at the end of
+ the display line in a non-multibyte environment, just write from the
+ first difference to the end of the line and return. We don't have
+ to adjust _rl_last_c_pos. This is needed to adjust from the old
+ two-part copy to a single call to _rl_output_some_chars (change of
+ 2/16)
+
+ 3/4
+ ---
+Makefile.in,doc/Makefile.in
+ - PACKAGE_TARNAME, docdir: new variables substituted by autoconf
+ - OTHER_DOCS,OTHER_INSTALLED_DOCS: new variables with auxiliary
+ documentation files to be installed into $(docdir)
+ - install: add new rule to install $(OTHER_DOCS)
+ - uninstall: add new rule to uninstall $(docdir)/$(OTHER_INSTALLED_DOCS)
+
+doc/bash.1
+ - add URL to `POSIX' file in `SEE ALSO' section; put pointer to that
+ section in --posix and set -o posix descriptions
+
+examples/
+ - removed around 110 examples at the request of the FSF due to copyright
+ issues
+
+ 3/5
+ ---
+builtins/setattr.def
+ - readonly: modified help text slightly to make it clearer that
+ functions aren't changed or displayed unless the -f option is given.
+ Report from <gotmynick@gmail.com>
+
+ 3/9
+ ---
+include/typemax.h
+ - SIZE_MAX: define to 65535 (Posix minimum maximum) if not defined
+
+parse.y
+ - include "typemax.h" for possible SIZE_MAX definition, make sure we
+ include it after shell.h
+
+{braces,expr}.c
+ - include "typemax.h" for possible INTMAX_MIN and INTMAX_MAX definitions
+
+ 3/10
+ ----
+bashline.c
+ - bash_default_completion: make sure completion type of `!' (same as
+ TAB but with show-all-if-ambiguous set) and glob-word-completion
+ sets rl_filename_completion_desired to 0 so extra backslashes don't
+ get inserted by `quoting' the completion. We can't kill all the
+ matches because show-all-if-ambiguous needs them. Bug report from
+ Marcel (Felix) Giannelia <info@skeena.net>
+
+[bash-4.3-alpha frozen]
+
+ 3/14
+ ----
+general.c
+ - trim_pathname: use memmove instead of memcpy since the source and
+ destination pathnames may overlap. Report and fix from Matthew
+ Riley <mattdr@google.com>
+
+ 3/18
+ ----
+configure.ac
+ - socklen_t is defined as `unsigned int' if configure can't find it
+
+ 3/20
+ ----
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - S_ISVTX: since it's not defined on all platforms (Minix), make sure
+ its use is protected with #ifdef
+
+ 3/21
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - Added mention of ${!name[@]} and ${!name[*]} expansions to get all
+ indices of an array. Suggested by Jonathan Leffler
+ <jonathan.leffler@gmail.com>
+
+ 3/24
+ ----
+subst.h
+ - SD_IGNOREQUOTE: new define for skip_to_delim; if set, means that
+ single quotes (for now) will be treated as ordinary characters
+
+subst.c
+ - skip_to_delim: handle SD_IGNOREQUOTE. no callers use it for now
+
+ 3/25
+ ----
+support/config.{guess,sub}
+ - updated to versions from autoconf-2.69
+
+ 3/31
+ ----
+lib/sh/shquote.c
+ - sh_single_quote: short-circuit quoting a single "'" instead of
+ creating a long string with empty single-quoted strings
+
+parser.h
+ - DOLBRACE_QUOTE2: new define, like DOLBRACE_QUOTE, but need to single-
+ quote results of $'...' expansion because quote removal will be
+ done later. Right now this is only done for ${word/pat/rep}
+
+parse.y
+ - parse_matched_pair: set state to DOLBRACE_QUOTE2 for pattern
+ substitution word expansion so we don't treat single quote specially
+ in the pattern or replacement string
+ - parse_matched_pair: if we're parsing a dollar-brace word expansion
+ (${...}) and we're not treating single quote specially within
+ double quotes, single-quote the translation of $'...' ansi-c
+ escaped strings. Original report and fix from Eduardo A.
+ Bustamante López <dualbus@gmail.com>
+
+subst.c
+ - extract_dollar_brace_string: ${word/pat/rep} scanning now sets the
+ DOLBRACE_QUOTE2 flag instead of DOLBRACE_QUOTE so we don't treat
+ single quotes specially within a double-quoted string
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - fix_assignment_words: skip over assignment statements preceding a
+ command word before trying to figure out whether or not assignment
+ statements following a possible declaration command should be
+ treated specially. Fixes bug reported by Dan Douglas
+ <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+ 4/4
+ ---
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - _rl_dispatch_subseq: only call _rl_vi_set_last (and check whether
+ the key is a text modification command) if the key sequence length
+ is 1. That keeps the arrow keys from setting the last command
+ when called in vi command mode. Fixes bug reported by Ian A.
+ Watson <watson_ian_a@lilly.com>
+
+ 4/6
+ ---
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - rl_parse_and_bind: when parsing a double-quoted string as the value
+ of a variable, make sure we skip past the leading double quote.
+ Fix from Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
+
+variables.c
+ - hash_lookup: set new local variable last_table_searched to the table
+ a successful lookup appears in; tested in make_local_variable to
+ solve the problem below
+ - make_local_variable: if we find a variable with the tempenv flag
+ set at the same `level' as variable_context', but not found in the
+ temporary_env (temp environment preceding the builtin), return it.
+ The temp environment preceding the function call has already been
+ merged (in execute_function) into the list of variable contexts the
+ function sees as shell_variables by the time this is called. Fixes
+ inconsistency pointed out by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+subst.c
+ - expand_arith_string: expanded out contents of expand_string,
+ expand_string_internal, expand_string_if_necessary to create a
+ WORD_DESC and call call_expand_word_internal() on it directly.
+ We don't want process substitution to be performed ( 1<(2) ) should
+ mean something different in an arithmetic expression context.
+ It doesn't work to just turn on the DQUOTE flag, since that means
+ that things like ${x["expression"]} are not expanded correctly.
+ Fixes problem pointed out by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+ 4/13
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - process_substitute: run the EXIT trap before exiting, as other
+ shells seem to. Fixes problem pointed out by Dan Douglas
+ <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - readline_internal_setup: call rl_vi_insertion_mode to enter vi
+ mode instead of rl_vi_insert_mode to avoid resetting the saved last
+ command information. Posix says that `.' can repeat a command
+ that was entered on a previous line so we need to save the info.
+ Fixes bug reported by Ian A. Watson <watson_ian_a@lilly.com>
+
+ 4/14
+ ----
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - rl_completion_matches: make sure xrealloc returns something non-null
+ (can happen when interrupted by a signal) before trying to add
+ matches to match_list
+
+subst.c
+ - array_remove_pattern: return NULL right away if array_variable_part
+ returns an invisible variable
+ - array_length_reference: handle array_variable_part returning an
+ invisible variable
+ - get_var_and_type: handle array_variable_part returning an invisible
+ variable
+
+ 4/15
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_command_internal: make sure to run the EXIT trap for group
+ commands anywhere in pipelines, not just at the end. From a point
+ raised by Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
+
+variables.c
+ - bind_int_variable: make sure invisible flag is unset. Fixes problems
+ like "declare -ai a; : $(( a[4]=4 ));"
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - array_variable_part: return variable even if invisible flag set,
+ callers must handle invisible vars
+
+ 4/18
+ ----
+builtins/set.def
+ - unset_builtin: if -n flag given, call unset_nameref instead of
+ unset_variable
+
+variables.c
+ - find_variable_nameref: print warning message if nameref circular
+ reference detected, return NULL and let caller deal with it
+
+builtins/declare.def
+ - declare_builtin: only disallow global references at this point if
+ we are at the global scope
+
+ 5/16
+ ----
+configure.ac
+ - update release status to beta
+
+ 5/23
+ ----
+trap.c
+ - run_pending_traps: save and restore pipeline around calls to
+ evalstring() in case we get a trap while running a trap. Have to
+ figure out the recursive running traps issue elsewhere. Fixes
+ bug reported by Roman Rakus <rrakus@redhat.com>
+ - run_pending_traps: make sure to set running_trap to the appropriate
+ signal value when running a trap command
+ - run_pending_traps: short-circuit immediately if running_trap set
+ when invoked. Could change this later to only skip if it would
+ run the same trap as currently being run (running_trap == sig + 1)
+
+configure.ac
+ - add warning if bison not found
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
+ - new section with an example program illustrating the callback
+ interface. Suggested by Peng Yu <pengyu.ut@gmail.com>
+
+examples/loadables/Makefile.in
+ - remove references to `cut' and `getconf', which were removed in
+ early March
+
+ 5/28
+ ----
+lib/sh/pathphys.c
+ - sh_realpath: correct inverted two arguments to call to sh_makepath.
+ Report and fix from Julien Thomas <jthomas@exosec.fr>
+
+ 6/7
+ ---
+execute_cmd.c
+ - executing_line_number: the else clauses that are conditional on
+ various options being defined can simply be if clauses -- they are
+ mutually exclusive and all have `return' in the body. Fixes bug
+ reported by Flavio Medeiros <flaviomotamedeiros@gmail.com>
+
+ 6/25
+ ----
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - readline_internal_setup: only sent the meta-key enable string to the
+ terminal if we've been told to use one and the terminal has been
+ successfully initialized (RL_ISSTATE (RL_STATE_TERMPREPPED) != 0).
+ Suggested by Dan Mick <dan.mick@inktank.com>
+
+lib/readline/signals.c
+ - _rl_signal_handler: call any defined signal hook after calling
+ rl_resize_terminal when handling a SIGWINCH. We already have called
+ the original SIGWINCH handler but will not be resending the signal
+ to ourselves
+
+ 6/27
+ ----
+lib/readline/doc/history.3, doc/bash.1
+ - fix description of the `$' modifier to note that it expands to the
+ last *word*, which is not always the last argument. Report from
+ ariyetz@gmail.com via gnu.org RT
+
+ 6/29
+ ----
+lib/glob/smatch.c
+ - glob_asciiranges: initialize to value of GLOBASCII_DEFAULT instead
+ of 0 (0 if not defined)
+
+configure.ac,config.h.in
+ - --enable-glob-asciiranges-default: new option, controls the value of
+ GLOBASCII_DEFAULT; use it to turn globasciiranges shopt option on
+ by default
+
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - document new --enable-glob-asciiranges-default configure option
+
+variables.c
+ - assign_in_env: implement += value appending semantics for assignments
+ preceding command names
+
+ 7/4
+ ---
+expr.c
+ - set lasttok = NUM in all of the functions that result in a number,
+ even if it's a boolean, to avoid errors with constructs like
+ 1 * x = 1, which should be an asignment error. Fixes problem
+ pointed out by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+parse.y
+ - decode_prompt_string: don't bother to call strcpy if
+ polite_directory_format returns its argument unchanged. It's not
+ necessary and Mac OS X 10.9 aborts because of a supposed overlapping
+ string copy. Bug and fix from simon@hitzemann.org
+
+subst.c
+ - parameter_brace_find_indir: new function, code from
+ parameter_brace_expand_indir that looks up the indirectly-referenced
+ variable, but does not expand it
+ - parameter_brace_expand_indir: call parameter_brace_find_indir to
+ look up indirected variable reference
+ - get_var_and_type: call parameter_brace_find_indir if it looks like we
+ are trying to manipulate an indirect variable reference like
+ ${!b%%foo}. This makes a difference if !b references an array
+ variable. Bug report from Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+ 7/6
+ ---
+lib/sh/casemod.c
+ - sh_modcase: make sure argument passed to is_basic is <= UCHAR_MAX,
+ since cval can convert something to a wchar_t greater than UCHAR_MAX.
+ Fixes bug reported by Tomasz Tomasik <scx.mail@gmail.com>
+
+ 7/8
+ ---
+lib/readline/history.c
+ - add_history_time: if history_length == 0, referencing history_length
+ - 1 will result in an array bounds error, so make history_length be
+ at least 1 before going on. Fixes bug reported by Geng Sheng Liu
+ <gsliu.tju@gmail.com>
+
+builtins/setattr.def
+ - show_func_attributes: display definition (if NODEFS argument is 0) and
+ attributes for a particular function; used by `declare -fp name'
+
+builtins/declare.def
+ - declare_internal: call show_func_attributes if -f supplied with -p.
+ Fixes inconsistency observed by Linda Walsh <bash@tlinx.org>
+
+builtins/common.h
+ - new extern declaration for show_func_attributes
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - read_builtin: check the first supplied variable name for validity
+ before attempting to read any input, since we know we will have to
+ at least use that one. Don't check any other names yet. Suggested
+ by jidanni@jidanni.org
+
+ 7/10
+ ----
+redir.c
+ - do_redirection_internal: when closing a file descriptor with
+ r_close_this ([n]<&-) count close errors as redirection errors if
+ errno ends up as EIO or ENOSPC. Originally reported back in April
+ 2012 by Andrey Zaitsev <jstcdr@gmail.com>
+
+ 7/11
+ ----
+redir.c
+ - do_redirection_internal: before calling check_bash_input, make sure
+ that we don't call check_bash_input for an asynchronous process that
+ is replacing stdin with something else. The seek backwards affects
+ the parent process as well, since parents and children share the
+ file pointer. Fixes problem originally reported in March 2013 by
+ Martin Jackson <mjackson220.list@gmail.com>
+
+ 7/13
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - slight change to add a description of `shopt -o' suggested by Bruce
+ Korb <bruce.korb@gmail.com>
+
+ 7/19
+ ----
+lib/readline/histfile.c
+ - history_do_write: if close returns < 0, make sure we restore the
+ backup history file and return a non-zero value
+ - history_truncate_file: if write or close return < 0, make sure we
+ return a non-zero value
+
+[bash-4.3-beta frozen]
+
+ 7/21
+ ----
+lib/readline/isearch.c
+ - rl_display_search: now takes an entire search context flags word as
+ the second argument, instead of just reverse flag; changed callers
+ - rl_display_search: if the search has failed, add `failed ' to the
+ beginning of the search prompt
+ - _rl_isearch_dispatch: if the search has failed, display the entire
+ search string with an indication that the search failed but with the
+ last matching line. Suggested by jidanni@jidanni.org
+
+command.h
+ - W_ASSIGNINT: new word flag; used internally for make_internal_declare
+ and set by fix_assignment_words
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - fix_assignment_words: set W_ASSIGNINT if compound assignment and -i
+ given as option. We don't do anything with the value yet
+
+subst.c
+ - shell_expand_word_list: rework the way the option list that is
+ passed to make_internal_declare is created
+
+ 8/1
+ ---
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - minor changes to description of $! based on a report from Chris
+ Down <chris@chrisdown.name>
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - assign_array_element_internal: before trying to get an array's max
+ index to process a negative subscript, make sure the array exists.
+ Bug report from Geir Hauge <geir.hauge@gmail.com>
+
+ 8/2
+ ---
+arrayfunc.c
+ - assign_array_element_internal: before using array_max_index() when
+ processing a negative subscript, make sure the variable is an array.
+ if it's not, use 0 as array_max_index assuming it's a string.
+ Fixes bug report from Geir Hauge <geir.hauge@gmail.com>
+
+ 8/3
+ ---
+Makefile.in
+ - pcomplete.o: add dependency on $(DEFDIR)/builtext.h. Suggested by
+ Curtis Doty <curtis@greenkey.net>
+
+ 8/5
+ ---
+lib/glob/sm_loop.c
+ - strcompare: short-circuit and return FNM_NOMATCH if the lengths of the
+ pattern and string (pe - p and se - s, respectively) are not equal
+ - strcompare: don't bother trying to set *pe or *se to '\0' if that's
+ what they already are. Fixes bug reported by Geir Hauge
+ <geir.hauge@gmail.com>
+
+ 8/6
+ ---
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi},builtins/hash.def,lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi
+ - minor typo changes from Geir Hauge <geir.hauge@gmail.com>
+
+bultins/help.def
+ - show_longdoc: avoid trying to translate the empty string because it
+ often translates to some boilerplate about the project and
+ translation. Report and fix from Geir Hauge <geir.hauge@gmail.com>
+
+ 8/8
+ ---
+builtins/help.def
+ - help_builtin: try two passes through the list of help topics for each
+ argument: one doing exact string matching and one, if the first pass
+ fails to find a match, doing string prefix matching like previous
+ versions. This prevents `help read' from matching both `read' and
+ `readonly', but allows `help r' to match everything beginning with
+ `r'. Inspired by report from Geir Hauge <geir.hauge@gmail.com>
+
+ 8/13
+ ----
+builtins/fc.def
+ - fc_builtin,fc_gethnum: calculate `real' end of the history list and
+ use it if -0 is specified as the beginning or end of the history
+ range to list. Doesn't work for fc -e or fc -s by design. Feature
+ requested by Mike Fied <micfied@gmail.com>
+
+ 8/16
+ ----
+trap.c
+ - _run_trap_internal: use {save,restore}_parser_state instead of
+ {save,restore}_token_state. It's more comprehensive
+
+ 8/23
+ ----
+doc/bash.1
+ - disown: remove repeated text. Report and fix from Thomas Hood
+ <jdthood@gmail.com>
+
+ 8/25
+ ----
+lib/readline/rltty.c
+ - set_special_char: fix prototype (last arg is rl_command_func_t *)
+
+sig.c
+ - set_signal_handler: return oact.sa_handler only if sigaction
+ succeeds; if it doesn't, return SIG_DFL (reasonable default). From
+ https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=911404
+
+bashline.c
+ - attempt_shell_completion: fix to skip assignment statements preceding
+ command name even if there are no programmable completions defined.
+ From https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=994659
+ - attempt_shell_completion: if still completing command word following
+ assignment statements, do command completion even if programmable
+ completion defined for partial command name entered so far
+
+ 8/26
+ ----
+pcomplete.c
+ - pcomp_filename_completion_function: make sure rl_filename_dequoting_function
+ is non-NULL before trying to call it. Bug and fix from
+ Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
+
+bashline.c
+ - bash_command_name_stat_hook: if *name is not something we're going
+ to look up in $PATH (absolute_program(*name) != 0), just call the
+ usual bash_filename_stat_hook and return those results. This makes
+ completions like $PWD/exam[TAB] add a trailing slash
+
+ 9/2
+ ---
+builtins/read.def
+ - read_builtin: before comparing what we read to the delim, make sure
+ we are not supposed to be ignoring the delimiter (read -N). We
+ set the delim to -1, but it's possible to read a character whose
+ int value ends up being between -1 and -128. Fixes bug
+ reported by Stephane Chazelas <stephane.chazelas@gmail.com>
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - word splitting: crib some language from Posix to make it clear that
+ characters in IFS are treated as field *terminators*, not field
+ *separators*. Addresses issue raised by DJ Mills
+ <danielmills1@gmail.com>
+
+lib/readline/{util.c,rldefs.h}
+ - _rl_stricmp,_rl_strnicmp: now take const char * string arguments;
+ changed prototype declarations
+
+ 9/5
+ ---
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - [[: modify description of pattern matching to make it clear that the
+ match is performed as if the extglob option were enabled. From Red
+ Hat bug https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1002078
+
+ 9/12
+ ----
+lib/readline/isearch.c
+ - _rl_isearch_dispatch: if we read an ESC and it's supposed to
+ terminate the search, make sure we check for typeahead with
+ _rl_pushed_input_available, since installing a hook function causes
+ typeahead to be collected in `ibuffer' (input.c). If there is any,
+ make sure we still use the ESC as a prefix character. Bug and fix
+ from Mike Miller <mtmiller@ieee.org>
+
+ 9/16
+ ----
+builtins/{caller,cd,kill,pushd,wait}.def
+ - builtin_usage(): make sure call to this sets return status to
+ EX_USAGE
+
+ 9/18
+ ----
+terminal.c
+ - rl_change_environment: new application-settable variable; if non-
+ zero (the default), readline will modify LINES and COLUMNS in the
+ environment when it handles SIGWINCH
+ - _rl_get_screen_size: if rl_change_environment is non-zero, use setenv
+ to modify LINES and COLUMNS environment variables
+
+readline.h
+ - rl_change_environment: new extern declaration for applications
+
+ 9/22
+ ----
+configure.ac
+ - relstatus: bumped version to bash-4.3-beta2
+
+ 9/24
+ ----
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - bind_arrow_keys_internal: added more key bindings for the numeric key
+ pad arrow keys on mingw32. Patch from Pierre Muller
+ <pierre.muller@ics-cnrs.unistra.fr>
+
+ 10/19
+ -----
+
+bashline.c
+ - maybe_restore_tilde: version of restore_tilde that honors `direxpand';
+ calls restore_tilde after saving directory expansion hook if
+ necessary. Report from Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
+
+builtins/cd.def
+ - -@: new option, allows cd to use `extended attributes' present in
+ NFSv4, ZFS; idea taken from ksh93. Attributes associated with a
+ file are presented as a directory containing the attributes as
+ individual files. Original patch contributed by Cedric Blancher
+ <cedric.blancher@gmail.com>
+
+ 10/20
+ -----
+aclocal.m4
+ - BASH_CHECK_MULTIBYTE: check for wcwidth being broken with unicode
+ combining characters needs a value to use when cross-compiling.
+ Bug report from Bert Sutherland <bertsutherland@gmail.com>
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document new -@ option to cd builtin
+
+ 10/28
+ -----
+lib/glob/{{gmisc,glob}.c,glob.h}
+ - extglob_pattern renamed to extglob_pattern_p, declared in glob.h
+
+subst.c
+ - expand_word_internal: typo fix: case to fix " $@\ " bug in bash-4.2
+ had a typo (& isexp instead of &&)
+
+ 10/29
+ -----
+input.c
+ - getc_with_restart: make sure local_index and local_bufused are
+ reset to 0 before returning EOF, in case we are running an interactive
+ shell without line editing and ignoreeof is set. Report and fix
+ from Yong Zhang <yong.zhang@windriver.com>
+
+lib/readline/search.c
+ - _rl_nsearch_init: take out extra third argument to rl_message; it
+ only matches prototype (and maybe format) in cases where
+ PREFER_STDARG and USE_VARARGS are both undefined, which is rare
+
+ 10/31
+ -----
+subst.c
+ - process_substitute: when opening the named pipe in the child, open
+ without O_NONBLOCK to avoid race conditions. Happens often on AIX.
+ Bug report and fix from Michael Haubenwallner
+ <michael.haubenwallner@salomon.at>
+
+builtins/ulimit.def
+ - RLIMIT_NTHR: if RLIMIT_PTHREAD is not defined, but RLIMIT_NTHR is,
+ use RLIMIT_NTHR (NetBSD)
+
+ 11/5
+ ----
+locale.c
+ - set_default_locale_vars,set_locale_var: if TEXTDOMAINDIR has been
+ set, and default_dir has a non-null value, call bindtextdomain(3)
+ when TEXTDOMAIN is assigned a value. Fixes problem reported by
+ Michael Arlt <qwertologe@googlemail.com>
+
+ 11/6
+ ----
+builtins/cd.def
+ - cdxattr: only create synthetic pathname in `buf' if NDIRP argument
+ is non-null
+ - change_to_directory: if we have specified -@ and cdxattr returns
+ failure, fail immediately. Fixes bug reported by Joshuah Hurst
+ <joshhurst@gmail.com>
+
+ 11/12
+ -----
+redir.c
+ - print_redirection: change r_err_and_out (&>) and its append form,
+ r_append_err_and_out (&>>) cases to separate redirection operator
+ from filename by a space, in case we have a process substitution.
+ Fixes bug reported by admn ombres <admn.ombres@gmail.com>
+
+ 11/15
+ -----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_simple_command: don't close process substitution fds until
+ we are finished executing any current shell function. Partial fix
+ for bug reported by John Dawson <john.dawson@gmail.com>
+
+support/shobj-conf
+ - add support for Darwin 13 (Mac OS X 10.9, Mavericks). Based on a
+ report by Ludwig Schwardt <ludwig.schwardt@gmail.com>
+
+ 11/20
+ -----
+[bash-4.3-rc1 frozen]
+
+ 11/24
+ -----
+builtins/printf.def
+ - bind_printf_variable: make sure that the variable assigned to is
+ no longer marked as invisible. Fixes bug reported by NBaH
+ <nbah@sfr.fr>
+
+ 11/28
+ -----
+jobs.c
+ - delete_old_job: fix off-by-one error in job index in call to
+ internal_warning. Bug report from Peter Cordes <peter@cordes.ca>
+
+ 11/30
+ -----
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - add string to description of special parameters with name of
+ special parameter prefixed by a $, so you can search for $#,
+ for instance
+
+ 12/2
+ ----
+lib/readline/{histexpand.c
+ - get_history_event: account for current_history() possibly returning
+ NULL. Report and fix from Pankaj Sharma <pankaj.s01@samsung.com>
+
+
+ 12/11
+ -----
+
+lib/readline/parse-colors.c
+ - get_funky_string: don't call abort if we see something we can't
+ parse; just return an error
+ - _rl_parse_colors: if we encounter an error while parsing $LS_COLORS
+ we need to leave _rl_color_ext_list as NULL after freeing its
+ elements, then turn off _rl_colored_stats. Report and fix from Martin
+ Wesdorp <mwesdorp@casema.nl>
+
+ 12/13
+ -----
+
+lib/readline/parse-colors.c
+ - _rl_parse_colors: if we encounter an unrecognized prefix, throw an
+ error but try to recover and go on to the next specification
+
+variables.c
+ - make_local_variable: for new variables this function creates, set
+ the att_invisible attribute. All callers from declare_internal.
+ Indirectly, this is a fix for bug with `declare -n var; var=foo;'
+ reported by Pierre Gaston <pierre.gaston@gmail.com>
+ - bind_variable: if assigning to nameref variable that doesn't have
+ a value yet (e.g., with `declare -n var; var=foo'), don't try to
+ use the unset name. Fixes a segfault reported by Pierre Gaston
+ <pierre.gaston@gmail.com>
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_command_internal: make sure last_command_exit_value is set
+ to 0 after any command executed in the background. Fixes bug
+ reported by Martin Kealey <martin@kurahaupo.gen.nz>
+
+ 12/17
+ -----
+support/config.{guess,sub}
+ - updated to latest versions from git
+
+ 12/19
+ -----
+parse.y
+ - struct STRING_SAVER: now has a new `flags' element, to identify the
+ caller: alias expansion, double-paren parsing, or parse_and_execute
+ - push_string: now sets flags to PSH_ALIAS if `ap' argument is non-NULL
+ - push_string: now doesn't attempt to call strlen on a NULL string to
+ set shell_input_line_size
+ - parser_expanding_alias, parser_save_alias, parser_restore_alias: new
+ functions to provide an external interface to push_string and
+ pop_string; parser_save_alias sets flags element to PSH_SOURCE (could
+ be renamed PSH_EXTERN someday)
+ - shell_getc: when yy_getc returns '\0', instead of just testing
+ whether the pushed_string_list is not-empty before popping it, don't
+ pop if if the saved string has flags PSH_SOURCE, indicating that
+ parse_and_execute set it before setting bash_input to the string.
+ We should continue reading to the end of that string before popping
+ back to a potential alias. Partial solution for the problem of aliases
+ with embedded newlines containing `.' commands being executed out of
+ order reported by Andrew Martin <andrew.martin@gmail.com>
+ - shell_getc: when yy_getc returns '\0' and there is a saved string of
+ type PSH_SOURCE, restart the read without popping the string stack
+ if we have not read to the end of bash_input.location.string. Rest
+ of fix for out-of-order execution problem
+
+externs.h
+ - parser_expanding_alias, parser_save_alias, parser_restore_alias: new
+ extern function declarations
+
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - pe_prologue: if the parser is expanding an alias, make sure to add
+ an unwind-protect to restore the alias; undoes the work that will be
+ performed by parse_and_execute/parse_string
+ - parse_and_execute,parse_string: after calling push_stream to save
+ bash_input, check whether or not the parser is currently expanding
+ an alias (parser_expanding_alias() != 0). If it is, we want to save
+ that string in the pushed_string_list, which we do with
+ parser_save_alias.
+
+ 12/23
+ -----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_for_command: make sure to set line_number before expanding
+ the word list, so expansion errors have the right line number.
+ From a report from Ben Okopnik <ben@okopnik.com>
+
+expr.c
+ - exp2: save token pointer before calling readtok(), arrange to use
+ saved token pointer when printing error token on a division by 0
+ error
+
+ 12/27
+ -----
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - rl_redisplay: when calculating effects of invisible characters in a
+ prompt that is split across physical screen lines to set the indices
+ of linebreaks, don't bother testing local_prompt_prefix (line 751).
+ That prefix doesn't matter when calculating prompt visible and
+ invisible characters. Fixes problem reported by Jinesh Choksi
+ <jinesh@onelittlehope.com>
+
+Makefile.in
+ - install: make sure to use $(DESTDIR) when installing OTHER_DOCS.
+ Report and fix from Matthias Klose <doko@debian.org>
+
+doc/texinfo.tex
+ - updated to version of 2013-09-11
+
+ 12/28
+ -----
+lib/readline/undo.c
+ - rl_do_undo: if we are undoing from a history entry (rl_undo_list ==
+ current_history()->data), make sure the change to rl_line_buffer is
+ reflected in the history entry. We use the guts of
+ rl_maybe_replace_line to do the work. Fixes problem reported by
+ gregrwm <backuppc-users@whitleymott.net>
+
+ 12/30
+ -----
+sig.c
+ - sigint_sighandler: if we get a SIGINT (and this signal handler is
+ installed) while the wait builtin is running, note that we received
+ it in the same way as jobs.c:wait_sigint_handler and return. The
+ various wait_for functions will look for that with CHECK_WAIT_INTR.
+ This fixes the wait builtin not being interruptible in an interactive
+ job control shell
+
+ 12/31
+ -----
+trap.c
+ - set_signal_hard_ignored: rename set_signal_ignored to this, since it
+ both sets original_signals[sig] and sets the HARD_IGNORE flag
+ - set_signal_ignored: new function, now just sets original_signals[sig]
+
+trap.h
+ - set_signal_hard_ignored: new external declaration
+
+sig.c
+ - initialize_terminating_signals: call set_signal_hard_ignored instead
+ of set_signal_ignored for signals with disposition SIG_IGN when the
+ shell starts
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - setup_async_signals: make sure we get the original dispositions for
+ SIGINT and SIGQUIT before starting the subshell, and don't call
+ set_signal_ignored because that sets original_signals[sig]. If we
+ don't, subsequent attempts to reset handling using trap will fail
+ because it thinks the original dispositions were SIG_IGN. Posix
+ interpretation 751 (http://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=751)
+
+ 1/2/2014
+ --------
+lib/sh/stringvec.c
+ - strvec_mcreate, strvec_mresize: versions of create and resize that
+ use malloc and realloc, respectively, instead of xmalloc/xrealloc
+
+braces.c
+ - expand_amble,mkseq: use strvec_mcreate/strvec_mresize so we can
+ catch and handle memory allocation failures instead of aborting
+ with the xmalloc/xrealloc interface
+
+lib/sh/strdup.c
+ - strdup replacement function for ancient systems that don't have it
+
+lib/sh/itos.c
+ - mitos: new function, itos that uses strdup instead of savestring
+
+externs.h
+ - strvec_mcreate/strvec_mresize: new extern declarations
+ - mitos: new extern declaration
+
+configure.ac
+ - bash version moved to 4.3-rc2
+
+ 1/6
+ ---
+doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/{rluser.texi,readline.3}
+ - separate the description of what happens when readline reads the
+ tty EOF character from the description of delete-char, leaving a
+ note in the delete-char description about common binding for ^D.
+ From suggestion by Parke <parke.nexus@gmail.com>
+
+lib/readline/doc/{version.texi,history.3,*.texi}
+ - updated email addresses and copyright dates
+
+ 1/7
+ ---
+variables.c
+ - delete_var: new function, just removes a variable from a hash table
+ and frees it, without doing anything else
+ - make_variable_value: if we are trying to assign to a nameref variable,
+ return NULL if the value is null or the empty string or not a valid
+ identifier
+
+variables.h
+ - delete_var: new extern declaration
+
+subst.h
+ - ASS_NAMEREF: new define for assignments, means assigning to a nameref
+ variable
+
+builtins/declare.def
+ - declare_internal: if we are creating and assigning to a nameref
+ variable, make sure the value is a valid variable name (checks done
+ by make_variable_value via bind_variable_value) and display an
+ error message, deleting the variable we just created, if it is not.
+ Fixes bug reported by Peggy Russell <prusselltechgroup@gmail.com>
+
+ 1/9
+ ---
+builtins/declare.def
+ - declare_internal: turning on nameref attribute for an existing
+ variable turns off -i/-l/-u/-c attributes (essentially the ones
+ that cause evaluation at assignment time) for ksh93 compat
+
+builtins/setattr.def
+ - show_name_attributes: if asked to display attributes and values for
+ a nameref variable, don't follow the nameref chain to the end. More
+ ksh93 compat
+
+ 1/10
+ ----
+trap.c
+ - _run_trap_internal: use {save,restore}_parser_state instead of
+ {save,restore}_token_state, like in run_pending_traps(); don't
+ need to save and restore last_command_exit_value as a result
+ - _run_trap_internal: call {save,restore}_pipeline like in
+ run_pending_traps()
+ - run_pending_traps: since we no longer run traps in a signal handler
+ context, do not block and unblock the trapped signal while the
+ trap is executing
+ - run_pending_traps: allow recursive invocations (basically, running
+ traps from a trap handler) with only a warning if the shell is
+ compiled in debug mode. If a caller doesn't want this to happen,
+ it should test running_trap > 0. signal_in_progress (sig) only works
+ for the signals the shell handles specially
+
+bashline.c
+ - bash_event_hook: make sure we clean up readline if interrupt_state
+ is set, not only when SIGINT is not trapped. check_signals_and_traps
+ will call check_signals, which calls QUIT, which will longjmp back
+ to top_level, running the interrupt trap along the way. Fixes the
+ problem of signal handlers being reset out from under readline, and
+ not being set properly the next time readline is called, because
+ signals_set_flag is still set to 1. XXX - might need to do this
+ for other signals too?
+
+ 1/11
+ ----
+subst.h
+ - SD_GLOB: new define for skip_to_delim; means we are scanning a
+ glob pattern.
+
+subst.c
+ - skip_to_delim: if flags include SD_GLOB, assume we are scanning a
+ glob pattern. Currently only used to skip bracket expressions
+ which may contain one of the delimiters
+
+ 1/12
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - parameter_brace_expand: when expanding $@ as part of substring
+ expansion, pattern substitution, or case modification, don't turn
+ on the QUOTED_NULL flag. The code that constructs the word to be
+ returned from expand_word_internal expects a different code path
+ when $@ is being expanded. Fixes bug reported by Theodoros
+ V. Kalamatianos <thkala@gmail.com>
+
+ 1/19
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - list_dequote_escapes: new function; analogue of list_quote_escapes
+
+pathexp.c
+ - quote_string_for_globbing: fix case where unescaped ^A is last char
+ in string; need to pass it through unaltered instead of turning it
+ into a bare backslash
+ - quote_string_for_globbing: when quoting for regexp matching in [[,
+ don't treat backslash as a quote character; quote the backslash as
+ any other character. Part of investigation into reports from
+ Eduardo A. Bustamante López <dualbus@gmail.com>
+
+ 1/25
+ ----
+builtins/gen-helpfiles.c
+ - write_helpfiles: add prototype
+ - make sure to #undef xmalloc/xfree/xrealloc/free if USING_BASH_MALLOC
+ is defined. the code does not use them, and we don't link against
+ xmalloc.o. Report from Linda Walsh <bash@tlinx.org>
+
+Makefile.in
+ - variables.o: add dependency on builtins/builtext.h; helps with
+ parallel builds. Report from Linda Walsh <bash@tlinx.org>
+
+support/shobj-conf
+ - darwin: combine the stanzas into one that will not require them to
+ be updated on each Mac OS X release. Report and fix from Max Horn
+ <max@quendi.de>
+
+ 1/27
+ ----
+support/shobj-conf
+ - darwin: changed the install_name embedded into the shared library
+ to contain only the major version number, not the minor one. The
+ idea is that the minor versions should all be API/ABI compatible,
+ and it is better to link automatically with the latest one. Idea
+ from Max Horn <max@quendi.de>
+
+ 1/29
+ ----
+[bash-4.3-rc2 released]
+
+ 1/30
+ ----
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - rl_clear_history, rl_free_keymap: add extern declarations. Report
+ from Hiroo Hayashi <hiroo.hayashi@computer.org>
+
+general.c
+ - include trap.h for any_signals_trapped() prototype
+
+lib/sh/unicode.c
+ - include <stdio.h> for sprintf prototype
+
+ 1/31
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_simple_command: only posix-mode shells should exit on an
+ assignment failure in the temporary environment preceding a special
+ builtin. This is what the documentation and code comments have
+ always said
+ - execute_simple_command: make sure redirection errors, word expansion
+ errors, and assignment errors to Posix special builtins cause a
+ non-interactive posix mode shell to exit. Previously the shell
+ would not exit if the failed special builtin was on the LHS of ||
+ or &&
+
+pathexp.c
+ - quote_string_for_globbing: when quoting a regular expression
+ (QGLOB_REGEXP), allow an unquoted backslash to pass through
+ unaltered. Don't use it as a quote character or quote it. More
+ investigation from 1/24 and report by Mike Frysinger
+ <vapier@gentoo.org>
+ - quote_string_for_globbing: when quoting a regular expression
+ (QGLOB_REGEXP), turn CTLESC CTLESC into CTLESC without adding a
+ backslash to quote it. We should not have to quote it because it is
+ not a character special to EREs. More investigation from 1/24
+
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - glob_testdir: now takes a second flags argument (currently unused);
+ changed prototype and callers
+
+ 2/1
+ ---
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - glob_testdir: if flags argument includes GX_ALLDIRS (globstar), use
+ lstat so we skip symlinks when traversing the directory tree.
+ Originally reported by Chris Down <chris@chrisdown.name>
+
+ 2/2
+ ---
+lib/readline/undo.c
+ - rl_do_undo: make sure CUR is non-zero before dereferencing it to
+ check cur->data against rl_undo_list. Report and fix from
+ Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - added slight clarifying language to the description of $*,
+ describing what happens when the expansion is not within double
+ quotes
+
+ 2/4
+ ---
+test.c
+ - unary_test: add code to -v case so that it interprets `bare' array
+ references (foo[1]) and returns true if that index has a value
+
+ 2/5
+ ---
+trap.c
+ - restore_default_signal: fix SIGCHLD special case for SIG_TRAPPED flag
+ off but SIG_INPROGRESS mode set and handler IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER;
+ continue with resetting handler in this case. maybe_set_sigchld_trap
+ will check these things before resetting sigchld trap from
+ run_sigchld_trap. Fixes (apparently long-standing?) problem reported
+ by Alexandru Damian <alexandru.damian@intel.com>
+
+ 2/6
+ ---
+lib/sh/strtrans.c
+ - ansic_quote: fixed a bug when copying a printable character that
+ consumes more than one byte; byte counter was not being incremented.
+ Bug report from jidanni@jidanni.org
+
+ 2/7
+ ---
+input.c
+ - getc_with_restart: if read(2) returns -1/EINTR and interrupt_state or
+ terminating_signal is set (which means QUIT; will longjmp out of this
+ function), make sure the local buffer variables are zeroed out to
+ avoid reading past the end of the buffer on the next call. Bug report
+ from Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
+
+ 2/9
+ ---
+bashline.c
+ - command_word_completion_function: if a directory in $PATH contains
+ quote characters, we need to quote them before passing the candidate
+ path to rl_filename_completion_function, which performs dequoting on
+ the pathname it's passed. Fixes bug reported by Ilyushkin Nikita
+ <ilyushkeane@gmail.com>
+
+ 2/11
+ ----
+parse.y
+ - xparse_dolparen: save and restore shell_eof_token around call to
+ parse_string, intead of just leaving it set to ')'
+ - shell_getc: when -v is set, only print the command line when
+ shell_eof_token is 0, so we don't print it multiple times when
+ recursively entering the parser to parse $(...) commands. Fixes
+ bug reported by Greg Wooledge <wooledg@eeg.ccf.org>
+
+[changed release status to 4.3-release]
+
+ 2/13
+ ----
+lib/sh/strtrans.c
+ - ansic_quote: handle case where mbrtowc reports that the multibyte
+ sequence is incomplete or invalid. Fixes bug reported by
+ Eduardo A. Bustamante López <dualbus@gmail.com>
+
+ 2/14
+ ----
+variables.c
+ - find_variable_nameref_context: fix a problem that caused the loop
+ to go one context too close to the global context. In some cases,
+ simple variable assignment would set a variable in the global
+ context instead of a local context. Bug report from
+ Geir Hauge <geir.hauge@gmail.com>
+
+ 2/26
+ ----
+[bash-4.3 released]
+
+ 2/27
+ ----
+aclocal.m4
+ - broken wcwidth check: fix typo reported by David Michael
+ <fedora.dm0@gmail.com>
+
+ 2/28
+ ----
+support/bashbug.sh
+ - add ${BUGADDR} to error message printed if sending mail fails
+
+trap.c
+ - _run_trap_internal: don't call {save,restore}_pipeline if running
+ DEBUG trap; run_debug_trap calls them itself. Fixes bug reported
+ by Moe Tunes <moetunes42@gmail.com>
+
+test.c
+ - unary_test: fix 'R' case by using find_variable_noref instead of
+ find_variable
+ - test_unop: add back missing 'R' case. Fixes bug reported by
+ NBaH <nbah@sfr.fr>
+
+ 3/2
+ ---
+jobs.c
+ - end_job_control: if job control is active, we changed the terminal's
+ process group, so make sure we restore it. Fixes bug reported by
+ Eduardo A. Bustamante López <dualbus@gmail.com>
+
+ 3/7
+ ---
+pcomplete.c
+ - pcomp_curtxt: new variable, holds the original text to be completed
+ as passed to the programmable completion code
+ - pcomp_filename_completion_function: if we are running compgen
+ (presumably in a shell function completion) and performing readline
+ completion, check the word being completed. If it's not empty, but
+ the original word passed to the programmable completion code is an
+ empty string (""), call a dequoting function if one is available.
+ This compensates for an assumption in bash-completion. Reported by
+ Albert Shih <Albert.Shih@obspm.fr>
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - _rl_dispatch_subseq: when deciding whether or not to set vi mode's
+ idea of the last command, use whether or not the dispatching keymap
+ is vi_movement_keymap instead of the key sequence length. The `c',
+ `d', and `y' commands all take motion commands as `arguments' and
+ will produce key sequences longer than 1 character. The arrow keys
+ will end up dispatching out of a different keymap, so the test will
+ prevent arrow keys from setting the last command (the problem in
+ bash-4.2). Bug report from Daan van Rossum <daan@flash.uchicago.edu>
+
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - _rl_vi_motion_command: convenience function to test whether a key is
+ a vi-mode motion command
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - _rl_vi_motion_command: extern declaration
+
+parse.y
+ - parse_matched_pair: we should not skip processing single quotes in
+ posix mode if dolbrace_state == DOLBRACE_QUOTE2 (pattern
+ substitution). Fixes bug reported by David Sines
+ <dave.gma@googlemail.com>
+
+ 3/10
+ ----
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - _rl_dispatch_callback: treat a return value of -1 as the end of
+ a command dispatch sequence if the current context doesn't
+ indicate that we're reading a multi-key sequence
+ ((cxt->flags & KSEQ_SUBSEQ) == 0). Turn off the multikey flag
+ and free the context chain in this case. Fixes one bug reported
+ by Felix Yan <felixonmars@gmail.com> to bug-readline list
+ - _rl_dispatch_callback: treat a return value of > 0 the same as 0
+ and return from the function, since only values < 0 cause us to
+ simulate recursion. Rest of fix for bug tracked down by
+ Anatol Pomozov <anatol.pomozov@gmail.com>
+
+ 3/11
+ ----
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_in_subshell: if a longjmp occurs, set result to
+ EXECUTION_FAILURE only if last_command_exit_value == EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+ use value of last_command_exit_value otherwise. Fixes cosmetic
+ issue reported by Dennis Lambe Jr. <malsyned@malsyned.net>
+
+doc/bash.1
+ - shell-kill-word and shell-backward-kill-word should be documented
+ as unbound by default. Report from Oliver Hartley
+ <ohartley@talktalk.net>
+
+trap.c
+ - run_pending_traps: save value of $? before running trap commands in
+ trap_saved_exit_value, like run_exit_trap
+ - _run_trap_internal: save value of $? before running trap commands in
+ trap_saved_exit_value, like run_exit_trap
+
+builtins/common.c
+ - get_exitstat: when running `return' in a trap action, and it is not
+ supplied an argument, use the saved exit status in
+ trap_saved_exit_value. Fixes Posix problem reported by
+ Eduardo A. Bustamante López <dualbus@gmail.com>
+
+ 3/13
+ ----
+lib/sh/shquote.c
+ - sh_contains_quotes: new function, returns true if a given string
+ contains any of the shell quote characters (single quote, double
+ quote, or backslash)
+
+externs.h
+ - sh_contains_quotes: new extern declaration
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - pcomp_filename_completion_function: more changes for the benefit of
+ bash-completion: if the argument is not the same as the original
+ argument passed to the programmable completion code (pcomp_curtxt),
+ and we are being run by compgen as part of a completion, dequote the
+ argument as bash-completion expects. Fix for the complete-word-
+ with-quoted-special-chars problem with bash-completion
+
+ 3/17
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_intern_function: when in posix mode, make defining a function
+ with the same name as a special builtin a fatal error only when the
+ shell is not interactive. Interactive shells display an error
+ message and go on. From a discussion with Doug McIlroy
+ <doug@cs.dartmouth.edu>
+
+ 3/18
+ ----
+arrayfunc.c
+ - assign_compound_array_list: when using expand_assignment_string_to_string
+ to expand the value in a ( [x]=y ) compound assignment, make sure
+ that we convert 0x0 to "" when expanding [x]= so it doesn't appear as
+ if the index is unset. Fixes bug reported by Geir Hauge
+ <geir.hauge@gmail.com>
+
+builtins/common.c
+ - get_exitstat: update fix of 3/11 to allow the DEBUG trap to use the
+ current value of $? instead of the value it had before the trap
+ action was run. This is one reason the DEBUG trap exists, and
+ extended debug mode uses it. Might want to do this only in Posix
+ mode
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - return: add language cribbed from Posix saying what happens when
+ return is run without an argument from a trap, including the DEBUG
+ trap exception
+
+ 3/19
+ ----
+lib/glob/gmisc.c
+ - extglob_pattern_p: make sure ?(patlist) is flagged as an extglob
+ pattern
+
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - extglob_skipname: rewrite to handle patterns that begin but do not
+ end with an extglob pattern; change test for easy case and loop
+ through patterns accordingly. Fixes problem with matching filenames
+ with a leading dot reported by Stephane Chazelas
+ <stephane.chazelas@gmail.com>
+ - wextglob_skipname: make analogous changes
+
+ 3/20
+ ----
+Makefile.in
+ - pass -DDEBUG down to builds in readline and history directories
+
+lib/readline/util.c
+ - _rl_trace and related functions are now only compiled in if DEBUG
+ is defined
+
+lib/readline/Makefile.in
+ - substitute @DEBUG@ and pass -DDEBUG, if necessary, to compilation
+ in LOCAL_CFLAGS
+
+ 3/21
+ ----
+parse.y
+ - shell_getc: when checking whether or not to reallocate
+ shell_input_line to add trailing newline, don't try to subtract from
+ shell_input_line_size. size_t is unsigned, so if its value is less
+ than 3 (like, say, 2), size-3 is a very large number and the string
+ will not be reallocated. Use len+3 > size instead of len > size-3.
+ Fixes bug reported in
+ https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/bash/+bug/1295467
+
+ 3/27
+ ----
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - _rl_clean_up_for_exit: don't bother to call _rl_move_vert to whatever
+ readline thinks the last displayed line is if it's 0. Two reasons: a
+ minor optimization, and it protects against unwanted moving if this
+ function is called twice, as it is when ^C is pressed. Fixes bug
+ reported by Egmont Koblinger <egmont@gmail.com>
+
+ 3/28
+ ----
+bashline.c
+ - invalid_completion: new function, used to identify attempts to
+ complete words that are syntax errors
+ - attempt_shell_completion: if invalid_completion returns true for a
+ word in a command position, punt on all completions. Fixes cosmetic
+ issue reported by Uwe Storbeck <uwe@ibr.ch>
+ - attempt_shell_completion: add clause so that in_command_position
+ remains set to 1 for an empty word following a command separator like
+ (, &, or |
+
+lib/readline/kill.c
+ - rl_yank, rl_yank_nth_arg_internal: don't return -1 from bindable
+ functions, return 1 instead
+
+lib/readline/text.c
+ - rl_rubout, _rl_rubout_char, rl_delete, rl_change_case,
+ rl_transpose_chars, rl_transpose_words, _rl_set_mark_at_pos,
+ rl_exchange_point_and_mark, _rl_insert_next, _rl_char_search,
+ _rl_char_search_internal:
+ don't return -1 from bindable functions, return 1 instead
+
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - rl_vi_end_word, rl_vi_rubout, rl_vi_delete, rl_vi_char_search,
+ rl_vi_match, _rl_vi_set_mark, _rl_vi_goto_mark:
+ don't return -1 from bindable functions, return 1 instead
+
+lib/readline/macro.c
+ - rl_start_kbd_macro, rl_end_kbd_macro:
+ don't return -1 from bindable functions, return 1 instead
+
+builtins/setattr.def
+ - set_var_attribute: honor setting of no_invisible_vars when setting
+ att_invisible on a variable
+ - include "../flags.h" for no_invisible_vars
+
+builtins/declare.def
+ - declare_internal: honor setting of no_invisible_vars when setting
+ att_invisible on a variable
+ - include "../flags.h" for no_invisible_vars
+
+Makefile.in,builtins/Makefile.in
+ - make sure declare.o and setattr.o depend on flags.h
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - decpoint: new function, returns locale's decimal point or `.' default
+ - mkfmt: use decpoint() to get decimal point instead of unconditionally
+ using `.'. Fixes bug reported by Andrey Tataranovich
+ <tataranovich@gmail.com> in debian bug 741669
+
+ 4/10
+ ----
+lib/readline/rltypedefs.h
+ - add back old Function/VFunction/etc typedefs, since other packages
+ (python, samba) use them. Mark as deprecated using gcc and clang
+ attributes. Report and fix from Max Horn <max@quendi.de>
+
+ 4/14
+ ----
+jobs.c
+ - run_sigchld_trap: unwind-protect value of this_shell_builtin, since
+ it matters in some cases whether or not we are running `wait' or
+ `eval'. Fixes bug reported by Eduardo A. Bustamante López
+ <dualbus@gmail.com>
+
+ 4/18
+ ----
+shell.h
+ - sh_parser_state_t: add `need_here_doc' flags member, since
+ xparse_dolparen (via parse_command) sets it to 0
+
+parse.y
+ - gather_here_documents: make sure need_here_doc is > 0, since we
+ don't want to just decrement it forever if it ends up < 0. Partial
+ fix for bug reported by Jared Yanovich <slovichon@gmail.com>
+ - {save,restore}_parser_state: save and restore need_here_doc flag.
+ Rest of fix for bug reported by Jared Yanovich <slovichon@gmail.com>
+
+ 4/19
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - cond_expand_word: since we are not supposed to be performing word
+ splitting here, set expand_no_split_dollar_star to 1 in addition to
+ setting W_NOSPLIT2
+ - expand_word_internal: if we have a case where we have an unquoted
+ $@ but we are in a case where we don't want to split (W_NOSPLIT2),
+ make sure we return a list consisting of a single word with the
+ arguments separated by spaces and don't do word splitting. Fixes
+ bug reported by Greg Wooledge <wooledg@eeg.ccf.org> from an IRC
+ discussion
+
+builtins/hash.def
+ - print_portable_hash_info: single-quote pathnames and hashed filenames
+ that contain shell metacharacters. Fixes bug reported by
+ <g1pi@libero.it> in debian bash bug #739853
+
+ 4/20
+ ----
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - When using horizontal scrolling, the redisplay code erases too much
+ of the line containing successful results, so make sure we only
+ erase to the end of the line after making sure we move the cursor
+ to the end. Fixes bug reported by <Trond.Endrestol@ximalas.info>
+
+ 4/23
+ ----
+{bashhist,bashline}.c
+builtins{bind,help,type}.def
+lib/glob/glob.c, lib/intl/{loadmsgcat,localealias}.c,lib/sh/mktime.c
+ - fixes to memory leaks uncovered by coverity scan
+
+ 4/24
+ ----
+{bashhist,subst,redir,assoc,jobs,array,trap}.c
+lib/intl/l10flist.c
+builtins/complete.def
+ - fixes to memory leaks and other resource usage problems uncovered by
+ coverity scan
+
+redir.c
+ - do_redirection_internal: if dup2 fails (presumably because of a
+ resource limit), close the file descriptor we opened before returning
+ error
+
+ 4/25
+ ----
+config-top.h
+ - DEFAULT_BASHRC: new define with the name of the default shell
+ startup file
+
+bashline.c
+ - bash_directory_completion_matches: don't dequote the directory name.
+ If rl_completion_found_quote is non-zero, readline will dequote the
+ filename itself. Fixes bug reported by Clark Wang
+ <dearvoid@gmail.com>
+
+ 4/27
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - parameter_brace_expand_rhs: if parameter_brace_find_indir returns
+ NULL or "", or if it returns something that is not a valid identifier,
+ report an error and return &expand_wdesc_error so the error can
+ propagate up. Fixes bug reported by Andre Holzhey
+ <andre.holzhey@gmx.de>
+
+ 4/29
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - parameter_brace_substring: don't short-circuit right away if the
+ value is NULL but we are looking at the positional parameters. Part
+ of fix for bug reported by Pierre Gaston <pierre.gaston@gmail.com>
+ - pos_params: if there are no positional parameters, only short-circuit
+ if we are looking for $1 and above. Rest of fix for bug reported
+ by Pierre Gaston <pierre.gaston@gmail.com>
+
+subst.h
+ - SD_NOPROCSUB: new flag for skip_to_delim, means to not allow any
+ process subsitutions (should not have overloaded SD_NOSKIPCMD)
+
+subst.c
+ - skip_to_delim: honor SD_NOPROCSUB flag
+
+make_cmd.c
+ - make_arith_for_expr: set W_NOPROCSUB flag in the created word
+ - make_arith_for_command: set SD_NOPROCSUB in the flags argument to
+ skip_to_delim so we don't treat <( or >( as a process substitution
+ (we won't evaluate them in eval_arith_for_expr anyway). Fixes
+ bug reported by Pierre Gaston <pierre.gaston@gmail.com>
+
+ 5/1
+ ---
+lib/glob/gmisc.c
+ - glob_dirscan: new function, takes a pattern and a directory separator
+ argument and advances the pattern to the last occurrence of the
+ separator. Like strrchr, but understands extended glob patterns and
+ uses glob_patscan to skip over them
+
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - extglob_skipname: if the extended globbing pattern is invalid, don't
+ skip the name
+ - glob_filename: if there is a slash in the pattern to be matched, and
+ extglob is enabled, use glob_dirscan to find the real last occurrence
+ of `/' to avoid being confused by slashes in extglob patterns. Fix
+ for bug reported by Pierre Gaston <pierre.gaston@gmail.com>
+
+ 5/6
+ ---
+variables.c
+ - make_local_variable: only set the att_invisible attribute if
+ no_invisible_vars isn't set
+ - find_variable_for_assignment: new function, intended to be called by
+ code that eventually wants to assign a value to the variable; will not
+ skip invisible variables; currently identical to find_variable
+ - find_variable_no_invisible: new function, finds the first visible
+ instance of variable with a given name in the variable context chain;
+ eventually will be used to replace find_variable; separate right now
+ for testing
+
+variables.h
+ - find_variable_for_assignment: extern declaration
+ - find_variable_no_invisible: extern declaration
+
+ 5/7
+ ---
+variables.c
+ - make_local_variable: don't clear `invisible' attribute if we are
+ returning an existing local variable at the right context. Let the
+ upper layers do that. Fixes bug reported by Dan Douglas
+ <ormaaj@gmail.com>
+
+ 5/8
+ ---
+lib/readline/input.c
+ - rl_getc: call RL_CHECK_SIGNALS if a read(2) is interrupted (-1/EINTR)
+ by SIGALRM or SIGVTALRM (placeholder for non-keyboard-generated
+ signals of interest)
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - edit_line: call bashline_set_event_hook and
+ bashline_reset_event_hook around call to readline(), so the right
+ signal handling happens
+ - read_builtin: make sure we add an unwind_protect call to
+ bashline_reset_event_hook. These changes fix bug reported in
+ https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/bash/+bug/1317476
+
+bashline.c
+ - bash_event_hook: make sure we clean up the readline state by calling
+ rl_cleanup_after_signal if sigalrm_seen is non-zero. The read builtin
+ sets this when it times out
+
+ 5/12
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - clarify language to make it clear that changing attributes of a
+ nameref variable (e.g., export), actually changes the attributes of
+ the referenced variable. Fixes omission noted by Jeff Haemer
+ <jeffrey.haemer@gmail.com>
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - bind_array_var_internal: make sure ENTRY no longer has invisible
+ attribute before returning. Fixes bug reported by Geir Hauge
+ <geir.hauge@gmail.com>
+
+ 5/22
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - shell_execve: if execve fails and we return 127 or 126, make sure to
+ set last_command_exit_value if a call to file_error or report_error
+ causes the shell to exit. This ensures that the shell exits with
+ the right value.
+
+ 6/6
+ ---
+shell.c
+ - drop_priv_mode: print an error message on setuid() failure, optionally
+ exit if errno == EAGAIN, as it can be on Linux when RLIMIT_NPROC for
+ the target user is exceeded.
+
+config-top.h
+ - EXIT_ON_SETUID_FAILURE: new settable define, will cause the shell to
+ exit if setuid fails with errno == EAGAIN
+
+ 6/10
+ ----
+parse.y
+ - time_command_acceptable: fix so time is accepted everywhere the
+ grammar is looking for a `compound_list'. Fixes bug reported by
+ Dale Worley <worley@alum.mit.edu>
+
+ 6/12
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - clear_fifo_list: new function, clears FDs associated with open pipes
+ in current FIFO list without closing the file descriptors. Can
+ possibly be used when shell_execve fails and the shell jumps back
+ to top_level and we don't want the shell to close the open FIFOs
+ each time through the read-execute loop. Bug reported by Harald
+ Koenig <koenig@tat.physik.uni-tuebingen.de>
+
+
+ 6/16
+ ----
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - compat42: make sure the `compat42' option sets the correct variable
+ for compatibility level. Fixes bug reported by Ondrej Oprala
+ <ooprala@redhat.com>
+
+support/bashbug.sh
+ - fix typo when echoing $USAGE. Report from Shantanu Kulkarni
+ <djbware@shantanukulkarni.org>
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - shell_execve: before longjmp back to subshell_top_level, clear out the
+ FIFO fd list by calling clear_fifo_list so the FDs (which we inherited
+ from our parent) aren't closed every time through the read-eval loop.
+ Fix for bug reported by Harald Koenig <koenig@tat.physik.uni-tuebingen.de>
+
+ 6/18
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - extract_process_subst: add additional argument: xflags, allow callers to
+ pass flags like extract_command_subst
+ - extract_process_subst: call xparse_dolparen like command substitution
+ to avoid problems when parsing commands constructs with embedded open
+ parens. Fixes bug reported by Tim Friske <me@timfriske.com>
+
+subst.h
+ - extract_process_subst: modified prototype for extern declaration
+
+ 6/19
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_pipeline: if running with lastpipe enabled, make sure that we
+ check whether or not the job id is valid using INVALID_JOB before
+ calling job_exit_status. the jobs list can get frozen and unfrozen in
+ the presence of nested pipelines and loops and wait_for can clear a
+ job table entry. Fixes bug reported by <scorp.dev.null@gmail.com>
+
+jobs.c
+ - freeze_jobs_list: now returns old value of jobs_list_frozen; unused at
+ current time
+
+jobs.h
+ - freeze_jobs_list: change return value
+
+ 6/20
+ ----
+lib/glob/smatch.c
+ - MEMCHR: single-byte and wide character defines (memchr/wmemchr)
+
+lib/glob/sm_loop.c
+ - GMATCH: when the wildcards are the last element of the pattern, make
+ sure they do not match a string containing a `/' if FNM_PATHNAME is
+ set in FLAGS
+ - GMATCH: when recursively calling GMATCH after we see a `*', don't
+ try to consume the rest of the pattern with `*' if FNM_PATHNAME is
+ set in FLAGS, just consume up to the next slash and then see whether
+ or not the rest of the pattern matches. Fixes bug reported by Ian
+ Kelling <ian@iankelling.org>
+ - GMATCH: when processing `*' in the pattern, after skipping consecutive
+ wildcards, if we hit a literal `/' in the pattern and we're looking
+ for a pathname, skip characters in the string until we find a `/'
+ (no slash means the match fails), and try to match the rest of the
+ pattern against the portion of the string after the next `/'. Picked
+ up from gnulib/glibc
+
+pathexp.c
+ - split_ignorespec: since split_ignorespec gets globbing patterns,
+ make sure we call skip_to_delim with the SD_GLOB flag so delimiters
+ that occur within bracket expressions don't delimit the pattern.
+ Fixes problem with [[:digit:]] in GLOBIGNORE reported by Ian Kelling
+ <ian@iankelling.org>
+
+unwind_prot.c
+ - unwind_protect_tag_on_stack: new function, returns 1 if unwind-protect
+ frame corresponding to `tag' argument is on unwind-protect stack
+
+unwind_prot.h
+ - unwind_protect_tag_on_stack: extern declaration
+
+ 6/30
+ ----
+lib/readline/misc.c
+ - _rl_revert_all_lines: set entry->data to 0 after assigning it to
+ rl_undo_list to avoid pointer aliasing problems that would result
+ in entry->line being freed by an undo. The subsequent free would
+ be a double free. Report and fix from Jared Yanovich
+ <slovichon@gmail.com>
+
+subst.c
+ - command_substitute: other shells do not appear to inherit the -v
+ option when reading and executing command substitutions. Reported
+ by Ondrej Oprala <ooprala@redhat.com>
+
+ 7/1
+ ---
+config-top.h
+ - CHECKHASH_DEFAULT: new define that supplies the default value for
+ check_hashed_filenames (`checkhash' shopt option); still 0 by default
+
+findcmd.c
+ - check_hashed_filenames: initialize using CHECKHASH_DEFAULT
+
+lib/readline/histexpand.c
+ - history_expand: double quotes can inhibit recognition of the history
+ comment character if history_quotes_inhibit_expansion is non-zero
+
+lib/readline/doc/{history.3,hstech.texi}
+ - history_quotes_inhibit_expansion: expand definition to note that it
+ inhibits scanning for the history comment character as well; correct
+ typo to make it clear that it only works on double-quoted strings
+
+lib/sh/zgetline.c
+ - add new fourth argument: DELIM, allows delimiter to be something
+ other than newline (if DELIM != '\n', UNBUFFERED_READ should be
+ non-zero)
+ - UNBUFFERED_READ is now fifth argument
+ - check character against DELIM rather than strictly newline
+
+externs.h
+ - zgetline: change function prototype for extern declaration
+
+builtins/mapfile.def
+ - mapfile: change calling sequence for zgetline calls
+ - mapfile_builtin: new -d option: DELIM, like in read builtin
+ - mapfile_builtin: pass `delim' to mapfile() as new argument; default
+ to '\n' unless -d option supplied
+ - mapfile: take new DELIM argument, pass to zgetline
+ - mapfile: if DELIM != '\n', set unbuffered_read to 1
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - mapfile: document new `-d DELIM' option
+
+ 7/5
+ ---
+lib/readline/histfile.c
+ - history_truncate_file: if there is an error writing the truncated
+ history list back to the history file, use the same strategy as
+ history_do_write: create a backup file, rename the history file to
+ the backup file, and restore the original history file from the
+ backup file name if the write or the close fails. Suggestion from
+ Chen Gang <gang.chen.5i5j@gmail.com> to bug-readline
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - evalnest, evalnest_max: new variables establishing maximum number of
+ recursive `eval' calls; current max is 4096
+ - execute_builtin: unwind-protect value of evalnest around calls to
+ eval builtin. Suggested by Oliver Morais <oliver.morais@gmail.com>
+ - {initialize_subshell,execute_subshell_builtin_or_function}: reset
+ evalnest to 0 in a subshell
+
+builtins/setattr.def
+ - show_name_attributes: show a variable's attributes even if it's
+ invisible (don't show any value since it has none). This means that
+ declare -p var will display VAR's attributes even when var marked
+ as invisible. Feature request from Peggy Russell
+ <prusselltechgroup@gmail.com>
+ - show_var_attributes: don't print assignment if array or assoc
+ attribute is set but variable marked as invisible
+
+tests/array.right
+ - special note: changed all declare -a output tests because the shell
+ will no longer print out values for invisible array variables. This
+ is a change, but one for correctness:
+
+ declare -a foo='()'
+ and
+ declare -a foo
+ are not equivalent
+
+ 7/22
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - parameter_brace_expand: after calling parameter_brace_expand_indir,
+ turn off the W_ARRAYIND flag in the word it returns, because there
+ is no way for it to return the index that should be used, and the
+ rest of the function assumes that IND is valid if W_ARRAYIND is set.
+ Fixes bug reported by Corentin Peuvrel <cpeuvrel@pom-monitoring.com>
+
+ 8/2
+ ---
+parse.y
+ - read_token_word: if we read a character that will end a command
+ substitution, don't skip over quoted newlines when we read an
+ additional character to figure out whether it's a two-character
+ token. This lets the higher layers deal with quoted newlines after
+ the command substitution. Fixes bug reported by EmanueL Czirai
+ <amanual@riseup.net>
+
+ 8/11
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_pipeline: check whether lastpipe_jid corresponds to a valid
+ job before calling append_process, for the same reason as fix from
+ 6/19. Fixes bug reported by <lolilolicon@gmail.com>
+
+ 8/12
+ ----
+lib/sh/unicode.c
+ - stub_charset: use strncpy instead of strcpy because we are copying
+ into a local fixed-length buffer. Fixes vulnerability reported by
+ <romerox.adrian@gmail.com>
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_pipeline: if we don't call append_process, call
+ wait_for_single_pid to get the status of `lastpid', since that will
+ check the status of already-reaped processes. Fixes spurious error
+ message about non-existent process from fix of 8/11
+
+ 8/15
+ ----
+jobs.c
+ - running_in_background: new variable, keeps track of whether or not we
+ are running in the background (not perfect yet)
+ - initialize_job_control: even if we are not turning on job control,
+ get the terminal pgrp so we can use it later
+ - {set_job_control,initialize_job_control}: set running_in_background
+ to 1 if terminal pgrp != shell pgrp
+ - {stop_pipeline,make_child,wait_for}: if we are running in the
+ background, don't mess with the terminal's process group; assume that
+ the parent shell will do that. Fixes bug reprted by Greg Wooledge
+ <wooledg@eeg.ccf.org>
+
+shell.c
+ - shell_reinitialize: reset running_in_background back to 0
+
+ 8/24
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - {execute_connection,execute_command_internal}: make sure that
+ asynchronous commands always set $? to 0 and are not affected by the
+ command's exit status being inverted using `!'. Fixes bug reported
+ by Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.net>
+
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - rl_message: call vsnprintf with full msg_bufsiz, since it counts
+ one fewer than the buffer length passed as an argument. Bug report
+ and fix from Dylan Cali <calid1984@gmail.com>
+
+ 8/26
+ ----
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - evalstring: if CURRENT_TOKEN == yacc_EOF, reset it to newline. This is
+ instead of calling reset_parser(); that might still be needed. Fixes
+ bug with eval and a subsequent statement ending with EOF reported by
+ <jim.avera@gmail.org>
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - filter_stringlist: when extglob is on, a leading ! in the filter
+ pattern should be left alone when it introduces a !(pat) pattern;
+ otherwise it messes up the pattern. Fixes bug reported by David
+ Korn <dgkorn@gmail.com>
+
+ 8/27
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - clarify the behavior of bash when given the -c option, since $0 is
+ technically not a positional parameter. Bug reported by Stephane
+ Chazelas <stephane.chazelas@gmail.com>
+
+ 8/28
+ ----
+lib/readline/history.c
+ - add_history: use history_max_entries (if history is stifled) or
+ DEFAULT_HISTORY_INITIAL_SIZE if not (new define, defaults to 502)
+ to size the initial allocation of the history array. Assumption
+ is that this will reduce the number of allocations
+
+ 8/29
+ ----
+execute_command.c:
+ - sourcenest, sourcenest_max: new variables used to track level of
+ sourced files and (maybe) one day catch infinite source recursion
+ - execute_builtin: if current source level exceeds sourcenest_max,
+ trigger an error and jump back to the top level
+ - {initialize_subshell,execute_subshell_builtin_or_function}: reset
+ sourcenest to 0 in a subshell
+
+ 9/2
+ ---
+variables.c
+ - bind_variable: if a nameref expands to an array reference, make
+ sure that assign_array_element gets called (maybe even
+ recursively) instead of bind_variable_internal, so invalid variable
+ names (like arr[0]) don't get created. Fixes bug reported by
+ <lolilolicon@gmail.com>
+
+ 9/3
+ ---
+execute_cmd.c
+ - evalnest_max,sourcenest_max: initialize from EVALNEST_MAX and
+ SOURCENEST_MAX, respectively. Feature suggested by
+ <bogun.dmitriy@gmail.com>
+
+config-top.h
+ - define EVALNEST_MAX and SOURCENEST_MAX to 0
+
+ 9/6
+ ---
+bashline.c
+ - find_cmd_start: fix to (crudely) deal with >| token; even though
+ skip_to_delim finds `|' as a delimiter, we call it again and use
+ what the second call finds. Fixes bug reported by Dan Jacobson
+ <jidanni@jidanni.org>
+
+findcmd.c
+ - find_in_path_element: if in posix mode, do not expand a literal
+ tilde in a $PATH element
+
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - add change to tilde expansion in $PATH elements to posix mode
+ description
+
+builtins/common.h
+ - ISHELP: new define for builtins that do their own option parsing
+ and don't use internal_getopt(); checks whether argument is --help
+ - CHECK_HELPOPT: convenience define to help builtins that do their
+ own option parsing to check for --help with one line of code
+ - CASE_HELPOPT: convenience define to help builtins that use
+ internal_getopt() check for --help with one line of code
+
+builtins/help.def
+ - builtin_help: new function, prints out --help output for current
+ builtin
+
+builtins/{kill,let,pushd}.def
+ - add CHECK_HELPOPT to builtins that use ISOPTION; call builtin_help
+ and return EX_USAGE (kill/let/pushd/popd/dirs)
+
+builtins/{caller,fg_bg}.def
+ - use CHECK_HELPOPT to recognize --help, since these builtins perform
+ checks that can cause them to return before calling no_options
+ (caller/fg/bg)
+
+builtins/{exit,return}.def
+ - use CHECK_HELPOPT to recognize --help before calling get_exitstat()
+ (return/exit/logout)
+
+builtins/{break,shift}.def
+ - use CHECK_HELPOPT to recognize --help before any other checks
+ (break/continue/shift)
+
+builtins/bashgetopt.h
+ - GETOPT_EOF: convenience define
+ - GETOPT_HELP: new define, to indicate internal_getopt saw --help
+
+builtins/bashgetopt.c
+ - internal_getopt: return GETOPT_HELP for --help
+
+builtins/common.c
+ - no_options: recognize --help, call builtin_help and return 2
+ (builtin/eval/source/./times)
+
+builtins/command.def
+ - use CASE_HELPOPT() to handle --help after calling internal_getopt()
+ (command)
+
+builtins/{colon,echo,test}.def
+ - do not recognize --help (:/true/false/echo/test)
+
+ 9/8
+ ---
+sig.c
+ - termsig_sighandler: if readline is active now, set the bashline event
+ hook. Old code just set it for interactive shells. Part of fix for
+ bug reported by <mickael9@gmail.com>
+
+bashline.c
+ - bash_event_hook: call rl_cleanup_after_signal if terminating_signal
+ is non-zero, since check_signals_and_traps() will cause the shell to
+ exit if it is and we want to clean up the readline state first. Rest
+ of fix for bug reported by <mickael9@gmail.com>
+
+ 9/9
+ ---
+jobs.c
+ - waitchld: when running the wait builtin in posix mode, with a trap set
+ on SIGCHLD, use queue_sigchld_trap instead of trap_handler (SIGCHLD),
+ otherwise you will lose SIGCHLDs when children_exited > 1. Fixes bug
+ reported by <crispusfairbairn@gmail.com>
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - read_builtin: if we are changing the tty settings, call
+ initialize_terminating_signals so we have a chance to catch all
+ terminating signals and potentially clean up the terminal before
+ exiting
+ - read_builtin: tty_modified: new variable, set to 1 if we change the
+ terminal attributes and have to call ttyrestore() to restore them
+ - if one of the `reads' returns -1/EINTR due to a terminating signal,
+ and we have modified the terminal, call ttyrestore before calling
+ CHECK_TERMSIG
+ - ttyrestore: set tty_modified to 0 when called
+
+ 9/10
+ ----
+builtins/read.def
+ - termsave: now global to file so other functions can use it
+ - read_tty_cleanup: if tty_modified is non-zero, call ttycleanup to restore
+ old terminal settings and turn off tty_modified
+
+sig.c
+ - termsig_handler: call read_tty_cleanup if currently executing read
+ builtin; it does the right thing. Final piece of fix for bug reported
+ by Jan Rome <jan.rome@gmail.com>
+
+ 9/11
+ ----
+general.c
+ - printable_filename: general function to return a printable representation
+ of a string (presumed to be a filename)
+
+general.h
+ - extern declaration for printable_filename
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_disk_command: use printable_filename
+
+builtins/{bind,cd,enable,hash,source}.def
+ - use printable_filename as appropriate when printing error messages.
+ From a suggestion by Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.net>
+
+builtins/bind.def
+ - use CASE_HELPOPT() to handle --help after calling internal_getopt()
+ (bind)
+
+ 9/12
+ ----
+builtins/common.h
+ - SEVAL_FUNCDEF: new flag for parse_and_execute; it means that we only
+ accept a single function definition command, as when we are importing
+ functions from the environment
+ - SEVAL_ONECMD: new flag for parse_and_execute; for future use
+
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - parse_and_execute: if the SEVAL_FUNCDEF flag is set, disallow anything
+ but a function definition command
+
+variables.c
+ - initialize_shell_variables: don't allow functions with invalid names
+ to be imported from the environment, even though we still allow them
+ to be defined
+ - initialize_shell_variables: when importing function definitions from
+ the environment, call parse_and_execute with the SEVAL_FUNCDEF flag
+ to force the command to be just a function definition
+
+subst.c
+ - param_expand: when expanding a $name variable expansion, make sure that
+ the variable is visible and set before following the nameref chain
+ - param_expand: when expanding a $name variable expansion and following the
+ nameref chain, make sure the resulting variable is visible and set
+ before using it
+
+ 9/13
+ ----
+variables.c
+ - initialize_shell_variables: when importing function definitions from
+ environment, use SEVAL_ONECMD flag for parse_and_execute
+
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - parse_and_execute: if SEVAL_ONECMD flag set, return immediately after
+ calling execute_command_internal. Final piece for fix for bug
+ reported by Stephane Chazelas <stephane.chazelas@gmail.com>. Part of
+ CVE-2014-6271
+
+ 9/24
+ ----
+parse.y
+ - reset_parser: reset eol_ungetc_lookahead to 0 here, since we don't want
+ shell_getc returning it on the next call. Fixes problem reported by
+ Tavis Ormandy <taviso@cmpxchg8b.com> and Michal Zalewski
+ <lcamtuf@coredump.cx>. Potentially part of CVE-2014-6271; fix for
+ CVE-2014-7169
+
+ 9/25
+ ----
+parse.y
+ - push_heredoc: new function, pushes a here-doc redirection onto
+ redir_stack handling overflow of redir_stack. Exits on overflow.
+ Original fix from Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com>
+ - change straight assignments to redir_stack to call push_redir
+ - add one to size of word_lineno stack to avoid off-by-one error
+ below in read_token_word. Overflow just results in line numbers
+ being wrong
+
+ 9/27
+ ----
+{execute_cmd,trap}.c
+ - changes to make minimal-config builds work again, mostly missing
+ #ifdefs for optional features
+
+builtins/common.c
+ - builtin_help: dummy version to be included if HELP_BUILTIN not
+ defined, for minimal-config builds
+
+variables.c
+ - initialize_shell_variables: incorporated patches from Florian
+ Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com> to change the strings bash looks
+ for when importing shell functions from the environment. It
+ adds a prefix (BASH_FUNC_) and a suffix (%%) to the name to
+ mark it as having been created by bash as an exported function.
+ Fix for remote attacks part of CVE-2014-6271 and CVE-2014-7169
+ - mk_env_string: takes new argument, indicating whether we are
+ constructing a function
+ - mk_env_string: encodes function names as described above, so
+ initialize_shell_variables can find them
+
+ 9/28
+ ----
+copy_cmd.c
+ - copy_redirects: before calling savestring on here_doc_eof, make
+ sure it's not NULL (it could have been the result of a here
+ document delimited by EOF or EOS). Fixes bug reported by
+ Michal Zalewski <lcamtuf@coredump.cx>.
--- /dev/null
+Starting bash with the `--posix' command-line option or executing
+`set -o posix' while bash is running will cause bash to conform more
+closely to the Posix.2 standard by changing the behavior to match that
+specified by Posix.2 in areas where the bash default differs.
+
+The following list is what's changed when `posix mode' is in effect:
+
+1. When a command in the hash table no longer exists, bash will re-search
+ $PATH to find the new location. This is also available with
+ `shopt -s checkhash'.
+
+2. The >& redirection does not redirect stdout and stderr.
+
+3. The message printed by the job control code and builtins when a job
+ exits with a non-zero status is `Done(status)'.
+
+4. Reserved words may not be aliased.
+
+5. The Posix.2 PS1 and PS2 expansions of `!' -> history number and
+ `!!' -> `!' are enabled, and parameter expansion is performed on
+ the value regardless of the setting of the `promptvars' option.
+
+6. Interactive comments are enabled by default. (Note that bash has
+ them on by default anyway.)
+
+7. The Posix.2 startup files are executed ($ENV) rather than the normal
+ bash files.
+
+8. Tilde expansion is only performed on assignments preceding a command
+ name, rather than on all assignment statements on the line.
+
+9. The default history file is ~/.sh_history (default value of $HISTFILE).
+
+10. The output of `kill -l' prints all the signal names on a single line,
+ separated by spaces.
+
+11. Non-interactive shells exit if `file' in `. file' is not found.
+
+12. Redirection operators do not perform pathname expansion on the word
+ in the redirection unless the shell is interactive
+
+13. Function names must be valid shell identifiers. That is, they may not
+ contain characters other than letters, digits, and underscores, and
+ may not start with a digit. Declaring a function with an illegal name
+ causes a fatal syntax error in non-interactive shells.
+
+14. Posix.2 `special' builtins are found before shell functions during command
+ lookup.
+
+15. If a Posix.2 special builtin returns an error status, a non-interactive
+ shell exits. The fatal errors are those listed in the POSIX.2 standard,
+ and include things like passing incorrect options, redirection errors,
+ variable assignment errors for assignments preceding the command name,
+ and so on.
+
+16. The environment passed to executed commands is not sorted. Neither is
+ the output of `set'. This is not strictly Posix.2 behavior, but sh
+ does it this way. Ksh does not. It's not necessary to sort the
+ environment; no program should rely on it being sorted.
+
+17. If the `cd' builtin finds a directory to change to using $CDPATH, the
+ value it assigns to $PWD does not contain any symbolic links, as if
+ `cd -P' had been executed.
+
+18. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if a variable
+ assignment error occurs when no command name follows the assignment
+ statements. A variable assignment error occurs, for example, when
+ trying to assign a value to a read-only variable.
+
+19. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if the iteration
+ variable in a for statement or the selection variable in a select
+ statement is a read-only variable.
+
+20. Process substitution is not available.
+
+21. Assignment statements preceding POSIX.2 `special' builtins persist in
+ the shell environment after the builtin completes.
+
+There is other Posix.2 behavior that bash does not implement. Specifically:
+
+1. Assignment statements affect the execution environment of all builtins,
+ not just special ones.
--- /dev/null
+This file is set.def, from which is created set.c.
+It implements the "set" and "unset" builtins in Bash.
+
+Copyright (C) 1987, 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
+Software Foundation; either version 1, or (at your option) any later
+version.
+
+Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software
+Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+
+$PRODUCES set.c
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "../shell.h"
+#include "../flags.h"
+
+#include "bashgetopt.h"
+
+extern int interactive;
+extern int noclobber, posixly_correct;
+#if defined (READLINE)
+extern int rl_editing_mode, no_line_editing;
+#endif /* READLINE */
+
+$BUILTIN set
+$FUNCTION set_builtin
+$SHORT_DOC set [--abefhkmnptuvxldBCHP] [-o option] [arg ...]
+ -a Mark variables which are modified or created for export.
+ -b Notify of job termination immediately.
+ -e Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status.
+ -f Disable file name generation (globbing).
+ -h Locate and remember function commands as functions are
+ defined. Function commands are normally looked up when
+ the function is executed.
+ -i Force the shell to be an "interactive" one. Interactive shells
+ always read `~/.bashrc' on startup.
+ -k All keyword arguments are placed in the environment for a
+ command, not just those that precede the command name.
+ -m Job control is enabled.
+ -n Read commands but do not execute them.
+ -o option-name
+ Set the variable corresponding to option-name:
+ allexport same as -a
+ braceexpand same as -B
+#if defined (READLINE)
+ emacs use an emacs-style line editing interface
+#endif /* READLINE */
+ errexit same as -e
+ histexpand same as -H
+ ignoreeof the shell will not exit upon reading EOF
+ interactive-comments
+ allow comments to appear in interactive commands
+ monitor same as -m
+ noclobber disallow redirection to existing files
+ noexec same as -n
+ noglob same as -f
+ nohash same as -d
+ notify save as -b
+ nounset same as -u
+ physical same as -P
+ posix change the behavior of bash where the default
+ operation differs from the 1003.2 standard to
+ match the standard
+ privileged same as -p
+ verbose same as -v
+#if defined (READLINE)
+ vi use a vi-style line editing interface
+#endif /* READLINE */
+ xtrace same as -x
+ -p Turned on whenever the real and effective user ids do not match.
+ Disables processing of the $ENV file and importing of shell
+ functions. Turning this option off causes the effective uid and
+ gid to be set to the real uid and gid.
+ -t Exit after reading and executing one command.
+ -u Treat unset variables as an error when substituting.
+ -v Print shell input lines as they are read.
+ -x Print commands and their arguments as they are executed.
+ -l Save and restore the binding of the NAME in a FOR command.
+ -d Disable the hashing of commands that are looked up for execution.
+ Normally, commands are remembered in a hash table, and once
+ found, do not have to be looked up again.
+#if defined (BRACE_EXPANSION)
+ -B the shell will perform brace expansion
+#endif /* BRACE_EXPANSION */
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ -H Enable ! style history substitution. This flag is on
+ by default.
+#endif /* BANG_HISTORY */
+ -C If set, disallow existing regular files to be overwritten
+ by redirection of output.
+ -P If set, do not follow symbolic links when executing commands
+ such as cd which change the current directory.
+
+Using + rather than - causes these flags to be turned off. The
+flags can also be used upon invocation of the shell. The current
+set of flags may be found in $-. The remaining n ARGs are positional
+parameters and are assigned, in order, to $1, $2, .. $n. If no
+ARGs are given, all shell variables are printed.
+$END
+
+/* An a-list used to match long options for set -o to the corresponding
+ option letter. */
+struct {
+ char *name;
+ int letter;
+} o_options[] = {
+ { "allexport", 'a' },
+#if defined (BRACE_EXPANSION)
+ { "braceexpand",'B' },
+#endif
+ { "errexit", 'e' },
+ { "histexpand", 'H' },
+ { "monitor", 'm' },
+ { "noexec", 'n' },
+ { "noglob", 'f' },
+ { "nohash", 'd' },
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ { "notify", 'b' },
+#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
+ {"nounset", 'u' },
+ {"physical", 'P' },
+ {"privileged", 'p' },
+ {"verbose", 'v' },
+ {"xtrace", 'x' },
+ {(char *)NULL, 0},
+};
+
+#define MINUS_O_FORMAT "%-15s\t%s\n"
+
+void
+list_minus_o_opts ()
+{
+ register int i;
+ char *on = "on", *off = "off";
+
+ printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, "noclobber", (noclobber == 1) ? on : off);
+
+ if (find_variable ("ignoreeof") || find_variable ("IGNOREEOF"))
+ printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, "ignoreeof", on);
+ else
+ printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, "ignoreeof", off);
+
+ printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, "interactive-comments",
+ interactive_comments ? on : off);
+
+ printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, "posix", posixly_correct ? on : off);
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+ if (no_line_editing)
+ {
+ printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, "emacs", off);
+ printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, "vi", off);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* Magic. This code `knows' how readline handles rl_editing_mode. */
+ printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, "emacs", (rl_editing_mode == 1) ? on : off);
+ printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, "vi", (rl_editing_mode == 0) ? on : off);
+ }
+#endif /* READLINE */
+
+ for (i = 0; o_options[i].name; i++)
+ {
+ int *on_or_off, zero = 0;
+
+ on_or_off = find_flag (o_options[i].letter);
+ if (on_or_off == FLAG_UNKNOWN)
+ on_or_off = &zero;
+ printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, o_options[i].name, (*on_or_off == 1) ? on : off);
+ }
+}
+
+set_minus_o_option (on_or_off, option_name)
+ int on_or_off;
+ char *option_name;
+{
+ int option_char = -1;
+
+ if (STREQ (option_name, "noclobber"))
+ {
+ if (on_or_off == FLAG_ON)
+ bind_variable ("noclobber", "");
+ else
+ unbind_variable ("noclobber");
+ stupidly_hack_special_variables ("noclobber");
+ }
+ else if (STREQ (option_name, "ignoreeof"))
+ {
+ unbind_variable ("ignoreeof");
+ unbind_variable ("IGNOREEOF");
+ if (on_or_off == FLAG_ON)
+ bind_variable ("IGNOREEOF", "10");
+ stupidly_hack_special_variables ("IGNOREEOF");
+ }
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+ else if ((STREQ (option_name, "emacs")) || (STREQ (option_name, "vi")))
+ {
+ if (on_or_off == FLAG_ON)
+ {
+ rl_variable_bind ("editing-mode", option_name);
+
+ if (interactive)
+ with_input_from_stdin ();
+ no_line_editing = 0;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ int isemacs = (rl_editing_mode == 1);
+ if ((isemacs && STREQ (option_name, "emacs")) ||
+ (!isemacs && STREQ (option_name, "vi")))
+ {
+ if (interactive)
+ with_input_from_stream (stdin, "stdin");
+ no_line_editing = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ builtin_error ("not in %s editing mode", option_name);
+ }
+ }
+#endif /* READLINE */
+ else if (STREQ (option_name, "interactive-comments"))
+ interactive_comments = (on_or_off == FLAG_ON);
+ else if (STREQ (option_name, "posix"))
+ {
+ posixly_correct = (on_or_off == FLAG_ON);
+ unbind_variable ("POSIXLY_CORRECT");
+ unbind_variable ("POSIX_PEDANTIC");
+ if (on_or_off == FLAG_ON)
+ {
+ bind_variable ("POSIXLY_CORRECT", "");
+ stupidly_hack_special_variables ("POSIXLY_CORRECT");
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ register int i;
+ for (i = 0; o_options[i].name; i++)
+ {
+ if (STREQ (option_name, o_options[i].name))
+ {
+ option_char = o_options[i].letter;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ if (option_char == -1)
+ {
+ builtin_error ("%s: unknown option name", option_name);
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ if (change_flag (option_char, on_or_off) == FLAG_ERROR)
+ {
+ bad_option (option_name);
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ }
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+/* Set some flags from the word values in the input list. If LIST is empty,
+ then print out the values of the variables instead. If LIST contains
+ non-flags, then set $1 - $9 to the successive words of LIST. */
+set_builtin (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ int on_or_off, flag_name, force_assignment = 0;
+
+ if (!list)
+ {
+ SHELL_VAR **vars;
+
+ vars = all_shell_variables ();
+ if (vars)
+ {
+ print_var_list (vars);
+ free (vars);
+ }
+
+ vars = all_shell_functions ();
+ if (vars)
+ {
+ print_var_list (vars);
+ free (vars);
+ }
+
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+ }
+
+ /* Check validity of flag arguments. */
+ if (*list->word->word == '-' || *list->word->word == '+')
+ {
+ register char *arg;
+ WORD_LIST *save_list = list;
+
+ while (list && (arg = list->word->word))
+ {
+ char c;
+
+ if (arg[0] != '-' && arg[0] != '+')
+ break;
+
+ /* `-' or `--' signifies end of flag arguments. */
+ if (arg[0] == '-' &&
+ (!arg[1] || (arg[1] == '-' && !arg[2])))
+ break;
+
+ while (c = *++arg)
+ {
+ if (find_flag (c) == FLAG_UNKNOWN && c != 'o')
+ {
+ char s[2];
+ s[0] = c; s[1] = '\0';
+ bad_option (s);
+ if (c == '?')
+ builtin_usage ();
+ return (c == '?' ? EXECUTION_SUCCESS : EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ }
+ list = list->next;
+ }
+ list = save_list;
+ }
+
+ /* Do the set command. While the list consists of words starting with
+ '-' or '+' treat them as flags, otherwise, start assigning them to
+ $1 ... $n. */
+ while (list)
+ {
+ char *string = list->word->word;
+
+ /* If the argument is `--' or `-' then signal the end of the list
+ and remember the remaining arguments. */
+ if (string[0] == '-' && (!string[1] || (string[1] == '-' && !string[2])))
+ {
+ list = list->next;
+
+ /* `set --' unsets the positional parameters. */
+ if (string[1] == '-')
+ force_assignment = 1;
+
+ /* Until told differently, the old shell behaviour of
+ `set - [arg ...]' being equivalent to `set +xv [arg ...]'
+ stands. Posix.2 says the behaviour is marked as obsolescent. */
+ else
+ {
+ change_flag ('x', '+');
+ change_flag ('v', '+');
+ }
+
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if ((on_or_off = *string) &&
+ (on_or_off == '-' || on_or_off == '+'))
+ {
+ int i = 1;
+ while (flag_name = string[i++])
+ {
+ if (flag_name == '?')
+ {
+ builtin_usage ();
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+ }
+ else if (flag_name == 'o') /* -+o option-name */
+ {
+ char *option_name;
+ WORD_LIST *opt;
+
+ opt = list->next;
+
+ if (!opt)
+ {
+ list_minus_o_opts ();
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ option_name = opt->word->word;
+
+ if (!option_name || !*option_name || (*option_name == '-'))
+ {
+ list_minus_o_opts ();
+ continue;
+ }
+ list = list->next; /* Skip over option name. */
+
+ if (set_minus_o_option (on_or_off, option_name) != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (change_flag (flag_name, on_or_off) == FLAG_ERROR)
+ {
+ char opt[3];
+ opt[0] = on_or_off;
+ opt[1] = flag_name;
+ opt[2] = '\0';
+ bad_option (opt);
+ builtin_usage ();
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ break;
+ }
+ list = list->next;
+ }
+
+ /* Assigning $1 ... $n */
+ if (list || force_assignment)
+ remember_args (list, 1);
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+$BUILTIN unset
+$FUNCTION unset_builtin
+$SHORT_DOC unset [-f] [-v] [name ...]
+For each NAME, remove the corresponding variable or function. Given
+the `-v', unset will only act on variables. Given the `-f' flag,
+unset will only act on functions. With neither flag, unset first
+tries to unset a variable, and if that fails, then tries to unset a
+function. Some variables (such as PATH and IFS) cannot be unset; also
+see readonly.
+$END
+
+#define NEXT_VARIABLE() any_failed++; list = list->next; continue;
+
+unset_builtin (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ int unset_function, unset_variable, unset_array, opt, any_failed;
+ char *name;
+
+ unset_function = unset_variable = unset_array = any_failed = 0;
+
+ reset_internal_getopt ();
+ while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "fv")) != -1)
+ {
+ switch (opt)
+ {
+ case 'f':
+ unset_function = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'v':
+ unset_variable = 1;
+ break;
+ default:
+ builtin_usage ();
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ }
+
+ list = loptend;
+
+ if (unset_function && unset_variable)
+ {
+ builtin_error ("cannot simultaneously unset a function and a variable");
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ while (list)
+ {
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ int tem;
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ char *t;
+#endif
+
+ name = list->word->word;
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ if (!unset_function && valid_array_reference (name))
+ {
+ t = strchr (name, '[');
+ *t++ = '\0';
+ unset_array++;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ var = unset_function ? find_function (name) : find_variable (name);
+
+ if (var && !unset_function && non_unsettable_p (var))
+ {
+ builtin_error ("%s: cannot unset", name);
+ NEXT_VARIABLE ();
+ }
+
+ /* Posix.2 says that unsetting readonly variables is an error. */
+ if (var && readonly_p (var))
+ {
+ builtin_error ("%s: cannot unset: readonly %s",
+ name, unset_function ? "function" : "variable");
+ NEXT_VARIABLE ();
+ }
+
+ /* Unless the -f option is supplied, the name refers to a variable. */
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ if (var && unset_array)
+ {
+ if (array_p (var) == 0)
+ {
+ builtin_error ("%s: not an array variable", name);
+ NEXT_VARIABLE ();
+ }
+ else
+ tem = unbind_array_element (var, t);
+ }
+ else
+#endif /* ARRAY_VARS */
+ tem = makunbound (name, unset_function ? shell_functions : shell_variables);
+
+ /* This is what Posix.2 draft 11+ says. ``If neither -f nor -v
+ is specified, the name refers to a variable; if a variable by
+ that name does not exist, a function by that name, if any,
+ shall be unset.'' */
+ if ((tem == -1) && !unset_function && !unset_variable)
+ tem = makunbound (name, shell_functions);
+
+ if (tem == -1)
+ any_failed++;
+ else if (!unset_function)
+ stupidly_hack_special_variables (name);
+
+ list = list->next;
+ }
+
+ if (any_failed)
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ else
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+}
--- /dev/null
+/* unwind_prot.h - Macros and functions for hacking unwind protection. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+ the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
+ Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
+ version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+ WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+ for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+ with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software
+ Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */
+
+#if !defined (_UNWIND_PROT_H)
+#define _UNWIND_PROT_H
+
+/* Run a function without interrupts. */
+extern void begin_unwind_frame ();
+extern void discard_unwind_frame ();
+extern void run_unwind_frame ();
+extern void add_unwind_protect ();
+extern void remove_unwind_protect ();
+extern void run_unwind_protects ();
+extern void unwind_protect_var ();
+
+/* Define for people who like their code to look a certain way. */
+#define end_unwind_frame()
+
+/* How to protect an integer. */
+#define unwind_protect_int(X) unwind_protect_var (&(X), (char *)(X), sizeof (int))
+
+/* How to protect a pointer to a string. */
+#define unwind_protect_string(X) \
+ unwind_protect_var ((int *)&(X), (X), sizeof (char *))
+
+/* How to protect any old pointer. */
+#define unwind_protect_pointer(X) unwind_protect_string (X)
+
+/* How to protect the contents of a jmp_buf. */
+#define unwind_protect_jmp_buf(X) \
+ unwind_protect_var ((int *)(X), (char *)(X), sizeof (procenv_t))
+
+#endif /* _UNWIND_PROT_H */
qsort (shell_builtins, num_shell_builtins, sizeof (struct builtin),
(QSFUNC *)shell_builtin_compare);
}
+
+#if !defined (HELP_BUILTIN)
+void
+builtin_help ()
+{
+ printf ("%s: %s\n", this_command_name, _("help not available in this version"));
+}
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/* common.c - utility functions for all builtins */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1987-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ (at your option) any later version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# ifdef _MINIX
+# include <sys/types.h>
+# endif
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <chartypes.h>
+#include "../bashtypes.h"
+#include "posixstat.h"
+#include <signal.h>
+
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#if defined (PREFER_STDARG)
+# include <stdarg.h>
+#else
+# include <varargs.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "../bashansi.h"
+#include "../bashintl.h"
+
+#define NEED_FPURGE_DECL
+
+#include "../shell.h"
+#include "maxpath.h"
+#include "../flags.h"
+#include "../jobs.h"
+#include "../builtins.h"
+#include "../input.h"
+#include "../execute_cmd.h"
+#include "../trap.h"
+#include "bashgetopt.h"
+#include "common.h"
+#include "builtext.h"
+#include <tilde/tilde.h>
+
+#if defined (HISTORY)
+# include "../bashhist.h"
+#endif
+
+#if !defined (errno)
+extern int errno;
+#endif /* !errno */
+
+extern int indirection_level, subshell_environment;
+extern int line_number;
+extern int last_command_exit_value;
+extern int trap_saved_exit_value;
+extern int running_trap;
+extern int posixly_correct;
+extern char *this_command_name, *shell_name;
+extern const char * const bash_getcwd_errstr;
+
+/* Used by some builtins and the mainline code. */
+sh_builtin_func_t *last_shell_builtin = (sh_builtin_func_t *)NULL;
+sh_builtin_func_t *this_shell_builtin = (sh_builtin_func_t *)NULL;
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Error reporting, usage, and option processing */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* This is a lot like report_error (), but it is for shell builtins
+ instead of shell control structures, and it won't ever exit the
+ shell. */
+
+static void
+builtin_error_prolog ()
+{
+ char *name;
+
+ name = get_name_for_error ();
+ fprintf (stderr, "%s: ", name);
+
+ if (interactive_shell == 0)
+ fprintf (stderr, _("line %d: "), executing_line_number ());
+
+ if (this_command_name && *this_command_name)
+ fprintf (stderr, "%s: ", this_command_name);
+}
+
+void
+#if defined (PREFER_STDARG)
+builtin_error (const char *format, ...)
+#else
+builtin_error (format, va_alist)
+ const char *format;
+ va_dcl
+#endif
+{
+ va_list args;
+
+ builtin_error_prolog ();
+
+ SH_VA_START (args, format);
+
+ vfprintf (stderr, format, args);
+ va_end (args);
+ fprintf (stderr, "\n");
+}
+
+void
+#if defined (PREFER_STDARG)
+builtin_warning (const char *format, ...)
+#else
+builtin_warning (format, va_alist)
+ const char *format;
+ va_dcl
+#endif
+{
+ va_list args;
+
+ builtin_error_prolog ();
+ fprintf (stderr, _("warning: "));
+
+ SH_VA_START (args, format);
+
+ vfprintf (stderr, format, args);
+ va_end (args);
+ fprintf (stderr, "\n");
+}
+
+/* Print a usage summary for the currently-executing builtin command. */
+void
+builtin_usage ()
+{
+ if (this_command_name && *this_command_name)
+ fprintf (stderr, _("%s: usage: "), this_command_name);
+ fprintf (stderr, "%s\n", _(current_builtin->short_doc));
+ fflush (stderr);
+}
+
+/* Return if LIST is NULL else barf and jump to top_level. Used by some
+ builtins that do not accept arguments. */
+void
+no_args (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ if (list)
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("too many arguments"));
+ top_level_cleanup ();
+ jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Check that no options were given to the currently-executing builtin,
+ and return 0 if there were options. */
+int
+no_options (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ int opt;
+
+ reset_internal_getopt ();
+ if ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "")) != -1)
+ {
+ if (opt == GETOPT_HELP)
+ {
+ builtin_help ();
+ return (2);
+ }
+ builtin_usage ();
+ return (1);
+ }
+ return (0);
+}
+
+void
+sh_needarg (s)
+ char *s;
+{
+ builtin_error (_("%s: option requires an argument"), s);
+}
+
+void
+sh_neednumarg (s)
+ char *s;
+{
+ builtin_error (_("%s: numeric argument required"), s);
+}
+
+void
+sh_notfound (s)
+ char *s;
+{
+ builtin_error (_("%s: not found"), s);
+}
+
+/* Function called when one of the builtin commands detects an invalid
+ option. */
+void
+sh_invalidopt (s)
+ char *s;
+{
+ builtin_error (_("%s: invalid option"), s);
+}
+
+void
+sh_invalidoptname (s)
+ char *s;
+{
+ builtin_error (_("%s: invalid option name"), s);
+}
+
+void
+sh_invalidid (s)
+ char *s;
+{
+ builtin_error (_("`%s': not a valid identifier"), s);
+}
+
+void
+sh_invalidnum (s)
+ char *s;
+{
+ char *msg;
+
+ if (*s == '0' && isdigit (s[1]))
+ msg = _("invalid octal number");
+ else if (*s == '0' && s[1] == 'x')
+ msg = _("invalid hex number");
+ else
+ msg = _("invalid number");
+ builtin_error ("%s: %s", s, msg);
+}
+
+void
+sh_invalidsig (s)
+ char *s;
+{
+ builtin_error (_("%s: invalid signal specification"), s);
+}
+
+void
+sh_badpid (s)
+ char *s;
+{
+ builtin_error (_("`%s': not a pid or valid job spec"), s);
+}
+
+void
+sh_readonly (s)
+ const char *s;
+{
+ builtin_error (_("%s: readonly variable"), s);
+}
+
+void
+sh_erange (s, desc)
+ char *s, *desc;
+{
+ if (s)
+ builtin_error (_("%s: %s out of range"), s, desc ? desc : _("argument"));
+ else
+ builtin_error (_("%s out of range"), desc ? desc : _("argument"));
+}
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+void
+sh_badjob (s)
+ char *s;
+{
+ builtin_error (_("%s: no such job"), s);
+}
+
+void
+sh_nojobs (s)
+ char *s;
+{
+ if (s)
+ builtin_error (_("%s: no job control"), s);
+ else
+ builtin_error (_("no job control"));
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined (RESTRICTED_SHELL)
+void
+sh_restricted (s)
+ char *s;
+{
+ if (s)
+ builtin_error (_("%s: restricted"), s);
+ else
+ builtin_error (_("restricted"));
+}
+#endif
+
+void
+sh_notbuiltin (s)
+ char *s;
+{
+ builtin_error (_("%s: not a shell builtin"), s);
+}
+
+void
+sh_wrerror ()
+{
+#if defined (DONT_REPORT_BROKEN_PIPE_WRITE_ERRORS) && defined (EPIPE)
+ if (errno != EPIPE)
+#endif /* DONT_REPORT_BROKEN_PIPE_WRITE_ERRORS && EPIPE */
+ builtin_error (_("write error: %s"), strerror (errno));
+}
+
+void
+sh_ttyerror (set)
+ int set;
+{
+ if (set)
+ builtin_error (_("error setting terminal attributes: %s"), strerror (errno));
+ else
+ builtin_error (_("error getting terminal attributes: %s"), strerror (errno));
+}
+
+int
+sh_chkwrite (s)
+ int s;
+{
+ fflush (stdout);
+ if (ferror (stdout))
+ {
+ sh_wrerror ();
+ fpurge (stdout);
+ clearerr (stdout);
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ return (s);
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Shell positional parameter manipulation */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* Convert a WORD_LIST into a C-style argv. Return the number of elements
+ in the list in *IP, if IP is non-null. A convenience function for
+ loadable builtins; also used by `test'. */
+char **
+make_builtin_argv (list, ip)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+ int *ip;
+{
+ char **argv;
+
+ argv = strvec_from_word_list (list, 0, 1, ip);
+ argv[0] = this_command_name;
+ return argv;
+}
+
+/* Remember LIST in $1 ... $9, and REST_OF_ARGS. If DESTRUCTIVE is
+ non-zero, then discard whatever the existing arguments are, else
+ only discard the ones that are to be replaced. */
+void
+remember_args (list, destructive)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+ int destructive;
+{
+ register int i;
+
+ for (i = 1; i < 10; i++)
+ {
+ if ((destructive || list) && dollar_vars[i])
+ {
+ free (dollar_vars[i]);
+ dollar_vars[i] = (char *)NULL;
+ }
+
+ if (list)
+ {
+ dollar_vars[i] = savestring (list->word->word);
+ list = list->next;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* If arguments remain, assign them to REST_OF_ARGS.
+ Note that copy_word_list (NULL) returns NULL, and
+ that dispose_words (NULL) does nothing. */
+ if (destructive || list)
+ {
+ dispose_words (rest_of_args);
+ rest_of_args = copy_word_list (list);
+ }
+
+ if (destructive)
+ set_dollar_vars_changed ();
+}
+
+static int changed_dollar_vars;
+
+/* Have the dollar variables been reset to new values since we last
+ checked? */
+int
+dollar_vars_changed ()
+{
+ return (changed_dollar_vars);
+}
+
+void
+set_dollar_vars_unchanged ()
+{
+ changed_dollar_vars = 0;
+}
+
+void
+set_dollar_vars_changed ()
+{
+ if (variable_context)
+ changed_dollar_vars |= ARGS_FUNC;
+ else if (this_shell_builtin == set_builtin)
+ changed_dollar_vars |= ARGS_SETBLTIN;
+ else
+ changed_dollar_vars |= ARGS_INVOC;
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Validating numeric input and arguments */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* Read a numeric arg for this_command_name, the name of the shell builtin
+ that wants it. LIST is the word list that the arg is to come from.
+ Accept only the numeric argument; report an error if other arguments
+ follow. If FATAL is 1, call throw_to_top_level, which exits the
+ shell; if it's 2, call jump_to_top_level (DISCARD), which aborts the
+ current command; if FATAL is 0, return an indication of an invalid
+ number by setting *NUMOK == 0 and return -1. */
+int
+get_numeric_arg (list, fatal, count)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+ int fatal;
+ intmax_t *count;
+{
+ char *arg;
+
+ if (count)
+ *count = 1;
+
+ if (list && list->word && ISOPTION (list->word->word, '-'))
+ list = list->next;
+
+ if (list)
+ {
+ arg = list->word->word;
+ if (arg == 0 || (legal_number (arg, count) == 0))
+ {
+ sh_neednumarg (list->word->word ? list->word->word : "`'");
+ if (fatal == 0)
+ return 0;
+ else if (fatal == 1) /* fatal == 1; abort */
+ throw_to_top_level ();
+ else /* fatal == 2; discard current command */
+ {
+ top_level_cleanup ();
+ jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
+ }
+ }
+ no_args (list->next);
+ }
+
+ return (1);
+}
+
+/* Get an eight-bit status value from LIST */
+int
+get_exitstat (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ int status;
+ intmax_t sval;
+ char *arg;
+
+ if (list && list->word && ISOPTION (list->word->word, '-'))
+ list = list->next;
+
+ if (list == 0)
+ {
+ /* If we're not running the DEBUG trap, the return builtin, when not
+ given any arguments, uses the value of $? before the trap ran. If
+ given an argument, return uses it. This means that the trap can't
+ change $?. The DEBUG trap gets to change $?, though, since that is
+ part of its reason for existing, and because the extended debug mode
+ does things with the return value. */
+ if (this_shell_builtin == return_builtin && running_trap > 0 && running_trap != DEBUG_TRAP+1)
+ return (trap_saved_exit_value);
+ return (last_command_exit_value);
+ }
+
+ arg = list->word->word;
+ if (arg == 0 || legal_number (arg, &sval) == 0)
+ {
+ sh_neednumarg (list->word->word ? list->word->word : "`'");
+ return EX_BADUSAGE;
+ }
+ no_args (list->next);
+
+ status = sval & 255;
+ return status;
+}
+
+/* Return the octal number parsed from STRING, or -1 to indicate
+ that the string contained a bad number. */
+int
+read_octal (string)
+ char *string;
+{
+ int result, digits;
+
+ result = digits = 0;
+ while (*string && ISOCTAL (*string))
+ {
+ digits++;
+ result = (result * 8) + (*string++ - '0');
+ if (result > 0777)
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ if (digits == 0 || *string)
+ result = -1;
+
+ return (result);
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Manipulating the current working directory */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* Return a consed string which is the current working directory.
+ FOR_WHOM is the name of the caller for error printing. */
+char *the_current_working_directory = (char *)NULL;
+
+char *
+get_working_directory (for_whom)
+ char *for_whom;
+{
+ if (no_symbolic_links)
+ {
+ FREE (the_current_working_directory);
+ the_current_working_directory = (char *)NULL;
+ }
+
+ if (the_current_working_directory == 0)
+ {
+#if defined (GETCWD_BROKEN)
+ the_current_working_directory = getcwd (0, PATH_MAX);
+#else
+ the_current_working_directory = getcwd (0, 0);
+#endif
+ if (the_current_working_directory == 0)
+ {
+ fprintf (stderr, _("%s: error retrieving current directory: %s: %s\n"),
+ (for_whom && *for_whom) ? for_whom : get_name_for_error (),
+ _(bash_getcwd_errstr), strerror (errno));
+ return (char *)NULL;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return (savestring (the_current_working_directory));
+}
+
+/* Make NAME our internal idea of the current working directory. */
+void
+set_working_directory (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ FREE (the_current_working_directory);
+ the_current_working_directory = savestring (name);
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Job control support functions */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+int
+get_job_by_name (name, flags)
+ const char *name;
+ int flags;
+{
+ register int i, wl, cl, match, job;
+ register PROCESS *p;
+ register JOB *j;
+
+ job = NO_JOB;
+ wl = strlen (name);
+ for (i = js.j_jobslots - 1; i >= 0; i--)
+ {
+ j = get_job_by_jid (i);
+ if (j == 0 || ((flags & JM_STOPPED) && J_JOBSTATE(j) != JSTOPPED))
+ continue;
+
+ p = j->pipe;
+ do
+ {
+ if (flags & JM_EXACT)
+ {
+ cl = strlen (p->command);
+ match = STREQN (p->command, name, cl);
+ }
+ else if (flags & JM_SUBSTRING)
+ match = strcasestr (p->command, name) != (char *)0;
+ else
+ match = STREQN (p->command, name, wl);
+
+ if (match == 0)
+ {
+ p = p->next;
+ continue;
+ }
+ else if (flags & JM_FIRSTMATCH)
+ return i; /* return first match */
+ else if (job != NO_JOB)
+ {
+ if (this_shell_builtin)
+ builtin_error (_("%s: ambiguous job spec"), name);
+ else
+ internal_error (_("%s: ambiguous job spec"), name);
+ return (DUP_JOB);
+ }
+ else
+ job = i;
+ }
+ while (p != j->pipe);
+ }
+
+ return (job);
+}
+
+/* Return the job spec found in LIST. */
+int
+get_job_spec (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ register char *word;
+ int job, jflags;
+
+ if (list == 0)
+ return (js.j_current);
+
+ word = list->word->word;
+
+ if (*word == '\0')
+ return (NO_JOB);
+
+ if (*word == '%')
+ word++;
+
+ if (DIGIT (*word) && all_digits (word))
+ {
+ job = atoi (word);
+ return (job > js.j_jobslots ? NO_JOB : job - 1);
+ }
+
+ jflags = 0;
+ switch (*word)
+ {
+ case 0:
+ case '%':
+ case '+':
+ return (js.j_current);
+
+ case '-':
+ return (js.j_previous);
+
+ case '?': /* Substring search requested. */
+ jflags |= JM_SUBSTRING;
+ word++;
+ /* FALLTHROUGH */
+
+ default:
+ return get_job_by_name (word, jflags);
+ }
+}
+#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
+
+/*
+ * NOTE: `kill' calls this function with forcecols == 0
+ */
+int
+display_signal_list (list, forcecols)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+ int forcecols;
+{
+ register int i, column;
+ char *name;
+ int result, signum, dflags;
+ intmax_t lsignum;
+
+ result = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+ if (!list)
+ {
+ for (i = 1, column = 0; i < NSIG; i++)
+ {
+ name = signal_name (i);
+ if (STREQN (name, "SIGJUNK", 7) || STREQN (name, "Unknown", 7))
+ continue;
+
+ if (posixly_correct && !forcecols)
+ {
+ /* This is for the kill builtin. POSIX.2 says the signal names
+ are displayed without the `SIG' prefix. */
+ if (STREQN (name, "SIG", 3))
+ name += 3;
+ printf ("%s%s", name, (i == NSIG - 1) ? "" : " ");
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ printf ("%2d) %s", i, name);
+
+ if (++column < 5)
+ printf ("\t");
+ else
+ {
+ printf ("\n");
+ column = 0;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ if ((posixly_correct && !forcecols) || column != 0)
+ printf ("\n");
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /* List individual signal names or numbers. */
+ while (list)
+ {
+ if (legal_number (list->word->word, &lsignum))
+ {
+ /* This is specified by Posix.2 so that exit statuses can be
+ mapped into signal numbers. */
+ if (lsignum > 128)
+ lsignum -= 128;
+ if (lsignum < 0 || lsignum >= NSIG)
+ {
+ sh_invalidsig (list->word->word);
+ result = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ list = list->next;
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ signum = lsignum;
+ name = signal_name (signum);
+ if (STREQN (name, "SIGJUNK", 7) || STREQN (name, "Unknown", 7))
+ {
+ list = list->next;
+ continue;
+ }
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ /* POSIX.2 says that `kill -l signum' prints the signal name without
+ the `SIG' prefix. */
+ printf ("%s\n", (this_shell_builtin == kill_builtin) ? name + 3 : name);
+#else
+ printf ("%s\n", name);
+#endif
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ dflags = DSIG_NOCASE;
+ if (posixly_correct == 0 || this_shell_builtin != kill_builtin)
+ dflags |= DSIG_SIGPREFIX;
+ signum = decode_signal (list->word->word, dflags);
+ if (signum == NO_SIG)
+ {
+ sh_invalidsig (list->word->word);
+ result = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ list = list->next;
+ continue;
+ }
+ printf ("%d\n", signum);
+ }
+ list = list->next;
+ }
+ return (result);
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Finding builtin commands and their functions */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* Perform a binary search and return the address of the builtin function
+ whose name is NAME. If the function couldn't be found, or the builtin
+ is disabled or has no function associated with it, return NULL.
+ Return the address of the builtin.
+ DISABLED_OKAY means find it even if the builtin is disabled. */
+struct builtin *
+builtin_address_internal (name, disabled_okay)
+ char *name;
+ int disabled_okay;
+{
+ int hi, lo, mid, j;
+
+ hi = num_shell_builtins - 1;
+ lo = 0;
+
+ while (lo <= hi)
+ {
+ mid = (lo + hi) / 2;
+
+ j = shell_builtins[mid].name[0] - name[0];
+
+ if (j == 0)
+ j = strcmp (shell_builtins[mid].name, name);
+
+ if (j == 0)
+ {
+ /* It must have a function pointer. It must be enabled, or we
+ must have explicitly allowed disabled functions to be found,
+ and it must not have been deleted. */
+ if (shell_builtins[mid].function &&
+ ((shell_builtins[mid].flags & BUILTIN_DELETED) == 0) &&
+ ((shell_builtins[mid].flags & BUILTIN_ENABLED) || disabled_okay))
+ return (&shell_builtins[mid]);
+ else
+ return ((struct builtin *)NULL);
+ }
+ if (j > 0)
+ hi = mid - 1;
+ else
+ lo = mid + 1;
+ }
+ return ((struct builtin *)NULL);
+}
+
+/* Return the pointer to the function implementing builtin command NAME. */
+sh_builtin_func_t *
+find_shell_builtin (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ current_builtin = builtin_address_internal (name, 0);
+ return (current_builtin ? current_builtin->function : (sh_builtin_func_t *)NULL);
+}
+
+/* Return the address of builtin with NAME, whether it is enabled or not. */
+sh_builtin_func_t *
+builtin_address (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ current_builtin = builtin_address_internal (name, 1);
+ return (current_builtin ? current_builtin->function : (sh_builtin_func_t *)NULL);
+}
+
+/* Return the function implementing the builtin NAME, but only if it is a
+ POSIX.2 special builtin. */
+sh_builtin_func_t *
+find_special_builtin (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ current_builtin = builtin_address_internal (name, 0);
+ return ((current_builtin && (current_builtin->flags & SPECIAL_BUILTIN)) ?
+ current_builtin->function :
+ (sh_builtin_func_t *)NULL);
+}
+
+static int
+shell_builtin_compare (sbp1, sbp2)
+ struct builtin *sbp1, *sbp2;
+{
+ int result;
+
+ if ((result = sbp1->name[0] - sbp2->name[0]) == 0)
+ result = strcmp (sbp1->name, sbp2->name);
+
+ return (result);
+}
+
+/* Sort the table of shell builtins so that the binary search will work
+ in find_shell_builtin. */
+void
+initialize_shell_builtins ()
+{
+ qsort (shell_builtins, num_shell_builtins, sizeof (struct builtin),
+ (QSFUNC *)shell_builtin_compare);
+}
{
case r_reading_until:
case r_deblank_reading_until:
- new_redirect->here_doc_eof = savestring (redirect->here_doc_eof);
+ new_redirect->here_doc_eof = redirect->here_doc_eof ? savestring (redirect->here_doc_eof) : 0;
/*FALLTHROUGH*/
case r_reading_string:
case r_appending_to:
--- /dev/null
+/* copy_command.c -- copy a COMMAND structure. This is needed
+ primarily for making function definitions, but I'm not sure
+ that anyone else will need it. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1987-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ (at your option) any later version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+#include "bashtypes.h"
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "shell.h"
+
+static PATTERN_LIST *copy_case_clause __P((PATTERN_LIST *));
+static PATTERN_LIST *copy_case_clauses __P((PATTERN_LIST *));
+static FOR_COM *copy_for_command __P((FOR_COM *));
+#if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
+static ARITH_FOR_COM *copy_arith_for_command __P((ARITH_FOR_COM *));
+#endif
+static GROUP_COM *copy_group_command __P((GROUP_COM *));
+static SUBSHELL_COM *copy_subshell_command __P((SUBSHELL_COM *));
+static COPROC_COM *copy_coproc_command __P((COPROC_COM *));
+static CASE_COM *copy_case_command __P((CASE_COM *));
+static WHILE_COM *copy_while_command __P((WHILE_COM *));
+static IF_COM *copy_if_command __P((IF_COM *));
+#if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
+static ARITH_COM *copy_arith_command __P((ARITH_COM *));
+#endif
+#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
+static COND_COM *copy_cond_command __P((COND_COM *));
+#endif
+static SIMPLE_COM *copy_simple_command __P((SIMPLE_COM *));
+
+WORD_DESC *
+copy_word (w)
+ WORD_DESC *w;
+{
+ WORD_DESC *new_word;
+
+ new_word = make_bare_word (w->word);
+ new_word->flags = w->flags;
+ return (new_word);
+}
+
+/* Copy the chain of words in LIST. Return a pointer to
+ the new chain. */
+WORD_LIST *
+copy_word_list (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ WORD_LIST *new_list;
+
+ for (new_list = (WORD_LIST *)NULL; list; list = list->next)
+ new_list = make_word_list (copy_word (list->word), new_list);
+
+ return (REVERSE_LIST (new_list, WORD_LIST *));
+}
+
+static PATTERN_LIST *
+copy_case_clause (clause)
+ PATTERN_LIST *clause;
+{
+ PATTERN_LIST *new_clause;
+
+ new_clause = (PATTERN_LIST *)xmalloc (sizeof (PATTERN_LIST));
+ new_clause->patterns = copy_word_list (clause->patterns);
+ new_clause->action = copy_command (clause->action);
+ new_clause->flags = clause->flags;
+ return (new_clause);
+}
+
+static PATTERN_LIST *
+copy_case_clauses (clauses)
+ PATTERN_LIST *clauses;
+{
+ PATTERN_LIST *new_list, *new_clause;
+
+ for (new_list = (PATTERN_LIST *)NULL; clauses; clauses = clauses->next)
+ {
+ new_clause = copy_case_clause (clauses);
+ new_clause->next = new_list;
+ new_list = new_clause;
+ }
+ return (REVERSE_LIST (new_list, PATTERN_LIST *));
+}
+
+/* Copy a single redirect. */
+REDIRECT *
+copy_redirect (redirect)
+ REDIRECT *redirect;
+{
+ REDIRECT *new_redirect;
+
+ new_redirect = (REDIRECT *)xmalloc (sizeof (REDIRECT));
+#if 0
+ FASTCOPY ((char *)redirect, (char *)new_redirect, (sizeof (REDIRECT)));
+#else
+ *new_redirect = *redirect; /* let the compiler do the fast structure copy */
+#endif
+
+ if (redirect->rflags & REDIR_VARASSIGN)
+ new_redirect->redirector.filename = copy_word (redirect->redirector.filename);
+
+ switch (redirect->instruction)
+ {
+ case r_reading_until:
+ case r_deblank_reading_until:
+ if (redirect->here_doc_eof)
+ new_redirect->here_doc_eof = savestring (redirect->here_doc_eof);
+ else
+ new_redirect->here_doc_eof = 0;
+ /*FALLTHROUGH*/
+ case r_reading_string:
+ case r_appending_to:
+ case r_output_direction:
+ case r_input_direction:
+ case r_inputa_direction:
+ case r_err_and_out:
+ case r_append_err_and_out:
+ case r_input_output:
+ case r_output_force:
+ case r_duplicating_input_word:
+ case r_duplicating_output_word:
+ case r_move_input_word:
+ case r_move_output_word:
+ new_redirect->redirectee.filename = copy_word (redirect->redirectee.filename);
+ break;
+ case r_duplicating_input:
+ case r_duplicating_output:
+ case r_move_input:
+ case r_move_output:
+ case r_close_this:
+ break;
+ }
+ return (new_redirect);
+}
+
+REDIRECT *
+copy_redirects (list)
+ REDIRECT *list;
+{
+ REDIRECT *new_list, *temp;
+
+ for (new_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL; list; list = list->next)
+ {
+ temp = copy_redirect (list);
+ temp->next = new_list;
+ new_list = temp;
+ }
+ return (REVERSE_LIST (new_list, REDIRECT *));
+}
+
+static FOR_COM *
+copy_for_command (com)
+ FOR_COM *com;
+{
+ FOR_COM *new_for;
+
+ new_for = (FOR_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (FOR_COM));
+ new_for->flags = com->flags;
+ new_for->line = com->line;
+ new_for->name = copy_word (com->name);
+ new_for->map_list = copy_word_list (com->map_list);
+ new_for->action = copy_command (com->action);
+ return (new_for);
+}
+
+#if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
+static ARITH_FOR_COM *
+copy_arith_for_command (com)
+ ARITH_FOR_COM *com;
+{
+ ARITH_FOR_COM *new_arith_for;
+
+ new_arith_for = (ARITH_FOR_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (ARITH_FOR_COM));
+ new_arith_for->flags = com->flags;
+ new_arith_for->line = com->line;
+ new_arith_for->init = copy_word_list (com->init);
+ new_arith_for->test = copy_word_list (com->test);
+ new_arith_for->step = copy_word_list (com->step);
+ new_arith_for->action = copy_command (com->action);
+ return (new_arith_for);
+}
+#endif /* ARITH_FOR_COMMAND */
+
+static GROUP_COM *
+copy_group_command (com)
+ GROUP_COM *com;
+{
+ GROUP_COM *new_group;
+
+ new_group = (GROUP_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (GROUP_COM));
+ new_group->command = copy_command (com->command);
+ return (new_group);
+}
+
+static SUBSHELL_COM *
+copy_subshell_command (com)
+ SUBSHELL_COM *com;
+{
+ SUBSHELL_COM *new_subshell;
+
+ new_subshell = (SUBSHELL_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (SUBSHELL_COM));
+ new_subshell->command = copy_command (com->command);
+ new_subshell->flags = com->flags;
+ return (new_subshell);
+}
+
+static COPROC_COM *
+copy_coproc_command (com)
+ COPROC_COM *com;
+{
+ COPROC_COM *new_coproc;
+
+ new_coproc = (COPROC_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (COPROC_COM));
+ new_coproc->name = savestring (com->name);
+ new_coproc->command = copy_command (com->command);
+ new_coproc->flags = com->flags;
+ return (new_coproc);
+}
+
+static CASE_COM *
+copy_case_command (com)
+ CASE_COM *com;
+{
+ CASE_COM *new_case;
+
+ new_case = (CASE_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (CASE_COM));
+ new_case->flags = com->flags;
+ new_case->line = com->line;
+ new_case->word = copy_word (com->word);
+ new_case->clauses = copy_case_clauses (com->clauses);
+ return (new_case);
+}
+
+static WHILE_COM *
+copy_while_command (com)
+ WHILE_COM *com;
+{
+ WHILE_COM *new_while;
+
+ new_while = (WHILE_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (WHILE_COM));
+ new_while->flags = com->flags;
+ new_while->test = copy_command (com->test);
+ new_while->action = copy_command (com->action);
+ return (new_while);
+}
+
+static IF_COM *
+copy_if_command (com)
+ IF_COM *com;
+{
+ IF_COM *new_if;
+
+ new_if = (IF_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (IF_COM));
+ new_if->flags = com->flags;
+ new_if->test = copy_command (com->test);
+ new_if->true_case = copy_command (com->true_case);
+ new_if->false_case = com->false_case ? copy_command (com->false_case) : com->false_case;
+ return (new_if);
+}
+
+#if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
+static ARITH_COM *
+copy_arith_command (com)
+ ARITH_COM *com;
+{
+ ARITH_COM *new_arith;
+
+ new_arith = (ARITH_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (ARITH_COM));
+ new_arith->flags = com->flags;
+ new_arith->exp = copy_word_list (com->exp);
+ new_arith->line = com->line;
+
+ return (new_arith);
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
+static COND_COM *
+copy_cond_command (com)
+ COND_COM *com;
+{
+ COND_COM *new_cond;
+
+ new_cond = (COND_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (COND_COM));
+ new_cond->flags = com->flags;
+ new_cond->line = com->line;
+ new_cond->type = com->type;
+ new_cond->op = com->op ? copy_word (com->op) : com->op;
+ new_cond->left = com->left ? copy_cond_command (com->left) : (COND_COM *)NULL;
+ new_cond->right = com->right ? copy_cond_command (com->right) : (COND_COM *)NULL;
+
+ return (new_cond);
+}
+#endif
+
+static SIMPLE_COM *
+copy_simple_command (com)
+ SIMPLE_COM *com;
+{
+ SIMPLE_COM *new_simple;
+
+ new_simple = (SIMPLE_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (SIMPLE_COM));
+ new_simple->flags = com->flags;
+ new_simple->words = copy_word_list (com->words);
+ new_simple->redirects = com->redirects ? copy_redirects (com->redirects) : (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+ new_simple->line = com->line;
+ return (new_simple);
+}
+
+FUNCTION_DEF *
+copy_function_def_contents (old, new_def)
+ FUNCTION_DEF *old, *new_def;
+{
+ new_def->name = copy_word (old->name);
+ new_def->command = old->command ? copy_command (old->command) : old->command;
+ new_def->flags = old->flags;
+ new_def->line = old->line;
+ new_def->source_file = old->source_file ? savestring (old->source_file) : old->source_file;
+ return (new_def);
+}
+
+FUNCTION_DEF *
+copy_function_def (com)
+ FUNCTION_DEF *com;
+{
+ FUNCTION_DEF *new_def;
+
+ new_def = (FUNCTION_DEF *)xmalloc (sizeof (FUNCTION_DEF));
+ new_def = copy_function_def_contents (com, new_def);
+ return (new_def);
+}
+
+/* Copy the command structure in COMMAND. Return a pointer to the
+ copy. Don't you forget to dispose_command () on this pointer
+ later! */
+COMMAND *
+copy_command (command)
+ COMMAND *command;
+{
+ COMMAND *new_command;
+
+ if (command == NULL)
+ return (command);
+
+ new_command = (COMMAND *)xmalloc (sizeof (COMMAND));
+ FASTCOPY ((char *)command, (char *)new_command, sizeof (COMMAND));
+ new_command->flags = command->flags;
+ new_command->line = command->line;
+
+ if (command->redirects)
+ new_command->redirects = copy_redirects (command->redirects);
+
+ switch (command->type)
+ {
+ case cm_for:
+ new_command->value.For = copy_for_command (command->value.For);
+ break;
+
+#if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
+ case cm_arith_for:
+ new_command->value.ArithFor = copy_arith_for_command (command->value.ArithFor);
+ break;
+#endif
+
+#if defined (SELECT_COMMAND)
+ case cm_select:
+ new_command->value.Select =
+ (SELECT_COM *)copy_for_command ((FOR_COM *)command->value.Select);
+ break;
+#endif
+
+ case cm_group:
+ new_command->value.Group = copy_group_command (command->value.Group);
+ break;
+
+ case cm_subshell:
+ new_command->value.Subshell = copy_subshell_command (command->value.Subshell);
+ break;
+
+ case cm_coproc:
+ new_command->value.Coproc = copy_coproc_command (command->value.Coproc);
+ break;
+
+ case cm_case:
+ new_command->value.Case = copy_case_command (command->value.Case);
+ break;
+
+ case cm_until:
+ case cm_while:
+ new_command->value.While = copy_while_command (command->value.While);
+ break;
+
+ case cm_if:
+ new_command->value.If = copy_if_command (command->value.If);
+ break;
+
+#if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
+ case cm_arith:
+ new_command->value.Arith = copy_arith_command (command->value.Arith);
+ break;
+#endif
+
+#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
+ case cm_cond:
+ new_command->value.Cond = copy_cond_command (command->value.Cond);
+ break;
+#endif
+
+ case cm_simple:
+ new_command->value.Simple = copy_simple_command (command->value.Simple);
+ break;
+
+ case cm_connection:
+ {
+ CONNECTION *new_connection;
+
+ new_connection = (CONNECTION *)xmalloc (sizeof (CONNECTION));
+ new_connection->connector = command->value.Connection->connector;
+ new_connection->first = copy_command (command->value.Connection->first);
+ new_connection->second = copy_command (command->value.Connection->second);
+ new_command->value.Connection = new_connection;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case cm_function_def:
+ new_command->value.Function_def = copy_function_def (command->value.Function_def);
+ break;
+ }
+ return (new_command);
+}
--- /dev/null
+# This file is a shell script that caches the results of configure
+# tests for CYGWIN32 so they don't need to be done when cross-compiling.
+
+# AC_FUNC_GETPGRP should also define GETPGRP_VOID
+ac_cv_func_getpgrp_void=${ac_cv_func_getpgrp_void='yes'}
+# AC_FUNC_SETVBUF_REVERSED should not define anything else
+ac_cv_func_setvbuf_reversed=${ac_cv_func_setvbuf_reversed='no'}
+# on CYGWIN32, system calls do not restart
+ac_cv_sys_restartable_syscalls=${ac_cv_sys_restartable_syscalls='no'}
+bash_cv_sys_restartable_syscalls=${bash_cv_sys_restartable_syscalls='no'}
+
+# these may be necessary, but they are currently commented out
+#ac_cv_c_bigendian=${ac_cv_c_bigendian='no'}
+ac_cv_sizeof_char_p=${ac_cv_sizeof_char_p='4'}
+ac_cv_sizeof_int=${ac_cv_sizeof_int='4'}
+ac_cv_sizeof_long=${ac_cv_sizeof_long='4'}
+ac_cv_sizeof_double=${ac_cv_sizeof_double='8'}
+
+bash_cv_dup2_broken=${bash_cv_dup2_broken='no'}
+bash_cv_pgrp_pipe=${bash_cv_pgrp_pipe='no'}
+bash_cv_type_rlimit=${bash_cv_type_rlimit='long'}
+bash_cv_decl_under_sys_siglist=${bash_cv_decl_under_sys_siglist='no'}
+bash_cv_under_sys_siglist=${bash_cv_under_sys_siglist='no'}
+bash_cv_sys_siglist=${bash_cv_sys_siglist='no'}
+bash_cv_opendir_not_robust=${bash_cv_opendir_not_robust='no'}
+bash_cv_getenv_redef=${bash_cv_getenv_redef='yes'}
+bash_cv_printf_declared=${bash_cv_printf_declared='yes'}
+bash_cv_ulimit_maxfds=${bash_cv_ulimit_maxfds='no'}
+bash_cv_getcwd_calls_popen=${bash_cv_getcwd_calls_popen='no'}
+bash_cv_must_reinstall_sighandlers=${bash_cv_must_reinstall_sighandlers='no'}
+bash_cv_job_control_missing=${bash_cv_job_control_missing='present'}
+bash_cv_sys_named_pipes=${bash_cv_sys_named_pipes='missing'}
+bash_cv_func_sigsetjmp=${bash_cv_func_sigsetjmp='missing'}
+bash_cv_mail_dir=${bash_cv_mail_dir='unknown'}
+bash_cv_func_strcoll_broken=${bash_cv_func_strcoll_broken='no'}
+
+bash_cv_type_int32_t=${bash_cv_type_int32_t='int'}
+bash_cv_type_u_int32_t=${bash_cv_type_u_int32_t='int'}
+
+ac_cv_type_bits64_t=${ac_cv_type_bits64_t='no'}
+
+# end of cross-build/cygwin32.cache
--- /dev/null
+This is the Bash FAQ, version 3.24, for Bash version 2.05b.
+
+This document contains a set of frequently-asked questions concerning
+Bash, the GNU Bourne-Again Shell. Bash is a freely-available command
+interpreter with advanced features for both interactive use and shell
+programming.
+
+Another good source of basic information about shells is the collection
+of FAQ articles periodically posted to comp.unix.shell.
+
+Questions and comments concerning this document should be sent to
+chet@po.cwru.edu.
+
+This document is available for anonymous FTP with the URL
+
+ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/FAQ
+
+The Bash home page is http://cnswww.cns.cwru.edu/~chet/bash/bashtop.html
+
+----------
+Contents:
+
+Section A: The Basics
+
+A1) What is it?
+A2) What's the latest version?
+A3) Where can I get it?
+A4) On what machines will bash run?
+A5) Will bash run on operating systems other than Unix?
+A6) How can I build bash with gcc?
+A7) How can I make bash my login shell?
+A8) I just changed my login shell to bash, and now I can't FTP into my
+ machine. Why not?
+A9) What's the `POSIX 1003.2 standard'?
+A10) What is the bash `posix mode'?
+
+Section B: The latest version
+
+B1) What's new in version 2.05b?
+B2) Are there any user-visible incompatibilities between bash-2.05b and
+ bash-1.14.7?
+
+Section C: Differences from other Unix shells
+
+C1) How does bash differ from sh, the Bourne shell?
+C2) How does bash differ from the Korn shell, version ksh88?
+C3) Which new features in ksh-93 are not in bash, and which are?
+
+Section D: Why does bash do some things differently than other Unix shells?
+
+D1) Why does bash run a different version of `command' than
+ `which command' says it will?
+D2) Why doesn't bash treat brace expansions exactly like csh?
+D3) Why doesn't bash have csh variable modifiers?
+D4) How can I make my csh aliases work when I convert to bash?
+D5) How can I pipe standard output and standard error from one command to
+ another, like csh does with `|&'?
+D6) Now that I've converted from ksh to bash, are there equivalents to
+ ksh features like autoloaded functions and the `whence' command?
+
+Section E: Why does bash do certain things the way it does?
+
+E1) Why is the bash builtin `test' slightly different from /bin/test?
+E2) Why does bash sometimes say `Broken pipe'?
+E3) When I have terminal escape sequences in my prompt, why does bash
+ wrap lines at the wrong column?
+E4) If I pipe the output of a command into `read variable', why doesn't
+ the output show up in $variable when the read command finishes?
+E5) I have a bunch of shell scripts that use backslash-escaped characters
+ in arguments to `echo'. Bash doesn't interpret these characters. Why
+ not, and how can I make it understand them?
+E6) Why doesn't a while or for loop get suspended when I type ^Z?
+E7) What about empty for loops in Makefiles?
+E8) Why does the arithmetic evaluation code complain about `08'?
+E9) Why does the pattern matching expression [A-Z]* match files beginning
+ with every letter except `z'?
+E10) Why does `cd //' leave $PWD as `//'?
+E11) If I resize my xterm while another program is running, why doesn't bash
+ notice the change?
+
+Section F: Things to watch out for on certain Unix versions
+
+F1) Why can't I use command line editing in my `cmdtool'?
+F2) I built bash on Solaris 2. Why do globbing expansions and filename
+ completion chop off the first few characters of each filename?
+F3) Why does bash dump core after I interrupt username completion or
+ `~user' tilde expansion on a machine running NIS?
+F4) I'm running SVR4.2. Why is the line erased every time I type `@'?
+F5) Why does bash report syntax errors when my C News scripts use a
+ redirection before a subshell command?
+F6) Why can't I use vi-mode editing on Red Hat Linux 6.1?
+F7) Why do bash-2.05a and bash-2.05b fail to compile `printf.def' on
+ HP/UX 11.x?
+
+Section G: How can I get bash to do certain common things?
+
+G1) How can I get bash to read and display eight-bit characters?
+G2) How do I write a function `x' to replace builtin command `x', but
+ still invoke the command from within the function?
+G3) How can I find the value of a shell variable whose name is the value
+ of another shell variable?
+G4) How can I make the bash `time' reserved word print timing output that
+ looks like the output from my system's /usr/bin/time?
+G5) How do I get the current directory into my prompt?
+G6) How can I rename "*.foo" to "*.bar"?
+G7) How can I translate a filename from uppercase to lowercase?
+G8) How can I write a filename expansion (globbing) pattern that will match
+ all files in the current directory except "." and ".."?
+
+Section H: Where do I go from here?
+
+H1) How do I report bugs in bash, and where should I look for fixes and
+ advice?
+H2) What kind of bash documentation is there?
+H3) What's coming in future versions?
+H4) What's on the bash `wish list'?
+H5) When will the next release appear?
+
+----------
+Section A: The Basics
+
+A1) What is it?
+
+Bash is a Unix command interpreter (shell). It is an implementation of
+the Posix 1003.2 shell standard, and resembles the Korn and System V
+shells.
+
+Bash contains a number of enhancements over those shells, both
+for interactive use and shell programming. Features geared
+toward interactive use include command line editing, command
+history, job control, aliases, and prompt expansion. Programming
+features include additional variable expansions, shell
+arithmetic, and a number of variables and options to control
+shell behavior.
+
+Bash was originally written by Brian Fox of the Free Software
+Foundation. The current developer and maintainer is Chet Ramey
+of Case Western Reserve University.
+
+A2) What's the latest version?
+
+The latest version is 2.05b, first made available on Wednesday, 17
+July, 2002.
+
+A3) Where can I get it?
+
+Bash is the GNU project's shell, and so is available from the
+master GNU archive site, ftp.gnu.org, and its mirrors. The
+latest version is also available for FTP from ftp.cwru.edu.
+The following URLs tell how to get version 2.05b:
+
+ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/bash-2.05b.tar.gz
+ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-2.05b.tar.gz
+
+Formatted versions of the documentation are available with the URLs:
+
+ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/bash-doc-2.05b.tar.gz
+ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-doc-2.05b.tar.gz
+
+A4) On what machines will bash run?
+
+Bash has been ported to nearly every version of UNIX. All you
+should have to do to build it on a machine for which a port
+exists is to type `configure' and then `make'. The build process
+will attempt to discover the version of UNIX you have and tailor
+itself accordingly, using a script created by GNU autoconf.
+
+More information appears in the file `INSTALL' in the distribution.
+
+The Bash web page (http://cnswww.cns.cwru.edu/~chet/bash/bashtop.html)
+explains how to obtain binary versions of bash for most of the major
+commercial Unix systems.
+
+A5) Will bash run on operating systems other than Unix?
+
+Configuration specifics for Unix-like systems such as QNX and
+LynxOS are included in the distribution. Bash-2.05 and later
+versions should compile and run on Minix 2.0 (patches were
+contributed), but I don't believe anyone has built bash-2.x on
+earlier Minix versions yet.
+
+Bash has been ported to versions of Windows implementing the Win32
+programming interface. This includes Windows 95 and Windows NT.
+The port was done by Cygnus Solutions as part of their CYGWIN
+project. For more information about the project, look at the URLs
+
+http://www.cygwin.com/
+http://sourceware.cygnus.com/cygwin
+
+Cygnus originally ported bash-1.14.7, and that port was part of their
+early GNU-Win32 (the original name) releases. Cygnus has also done a
+port of bash-2.05 to the CYGWIN environment, and it is available as
+part of their current release.
+
+Bash-2.05b should require no local Cygnus changes to build and run under
+CYGWIN.
+
+The Cygnus port works only on Intel machines. There is a port of bash
+(I don't know which version) to the alpha/NT environment available from
+
+ftp://ftp.gnustep.org//pub/win32/bash-alpha-nt-1.01.tar.gz
+
+DJ Delorie has a port of bash-2.x which runs under MS-DOS, as part
+of the DJGPP project. For more information on the project, see
+
+http://www.delorie.com/djgpp/
+
+I have been told that the original DJGPP port was done by Daisuke Aoyama.
+
+Mark Elbrecht <snowball3@bigfoot.com> has sent me notice that bash-2.04
+is available for DJGPP V2. The files are available as:
+
+ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu/bsh204b.zip binary
+ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu/bsh204d.zip documentation
+ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu/bsh204s.zip source
+
+Mark has begun to work with bash-2.05, but I don't know the status.
+
+Ports of bash-1.12 and bash-2.0 are available for OS/2 from
+
+ftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/pub/os2/util/shell/bash_112.zip
+ftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/pub/os2/util/shell/bash-2.0(253).zip
+
+I haven't looked at either, but the second appears to be a binary-only
+distribution. Beware.
+
+I have received word that Bash (I'm not sure which version, but I
+believe that it's at least bash-2.02.1) is the standard shell on
+BeOS.
+
+A6) How can I build bash with gcc?
+
+Bash configures to use gcc by default if it is available. Read the
+file INSTALL in the distribution for more information.
+
+A7) How can I make bash my login shell?
+
+Some machines let you use `chsh' to change your login shell. Other
+systems use `passwd -s' or `passwd -e'. If one of these works for
+you, that's all you need. Note that many systems require the full
+pathname to a shell to appear in /etc/shells before you can make it
+your login shell. For this, you may need the assistance of your
+friendly local system administrator.
+
+If you cannot do this, you can still use bash as your login shell, but
+you need to perform some tricks. The basic idea is to add a command
+to your login shell's startup file to replace your login shell with
+bash.
+
+For example, if your login shell is csh or tcsh, and you have installed
+bash in /usr/gnu/bin/bash, add the following line to ~/.login:
+
+ if ( -f /usr/gnu/bin/bash ) exec /usr/gnu/bin/bash --login
+
+(the `--login' tells bash that it is a login shell).
+
+It's not a good idea to put this command into ~/.cshrc, because every
+csh you run without the `-f' option, even ones started to run csh scripts,
+reads that file. If you must put the command in ~/.cshrc, use something
+like
+
+ if ( $?prompt ) exec /usr/gnu/bin/bash --login
+
+to ensure that bash is exec'd only when the csh is interactive.
+
+If your login shell is sh or ksh, you have to do two things.
+
+First, create an empty file in your home directory named `.bash_profile'.
+The existence of this file will prevent the exec'd bash from trying to
+read ~/.profile, and re-execing itself over and over again. ~/.bash_profile
+is the first file bash tries to read initialization commands from when
+it is invoked as a login shell.
+
+Next, add a line similar to the above to ~/.profile:
+
+ [ -f /usr/gnu/bin/bash ] && [ -x /usr/gnu/bin/bash ] && \
+ exec /usr/gnu/bin/bash --login
+
+This will cause login shells to replace themselves with bash running as
+a login shell. Once you have this working, you can copy your initialization
+code from ~/.profile to ~/.bash_profile.
+
+I have received word that the recipe supplied above is insufficient for
+machines running CDE. CDE has a maze of twisty little startup files, all
+slightly different.
+
+If you cannot change your login shell in the password file to bash, you
+will have to (apparently) live with CDE using the shell in the password
+file to run its startup scripts. If you have changed your shell to bash,
+there is code in the CDE startup files (on Solaris, at least) that attempts
+to do the right thing. It is, however, often broken, and may require that
+you use the $BASH_ENV trick described below.
+
+`dtterm' claims to use $SHELL as the default program to start, so if you
+can change $SHELL in the CDE startup files, you should be able to use bash
+in your terminal windows.
+
+Setting DTSOURCEPROFILE in ~/.dtprofile will cause the `Xsession' program
+to read your login shell's startup files. You may be able to use bash for
+the rest of the CDE programs by setting SHELL to bash in ~/.dtprofile as
+well, but I have not tried this.
+
+You can use the above `exec' recipe to start bash when not logging in with
+CDE by testing the value of the DT variable:
+
+ if [ -n "$DT" ]; then
+ [ -f /usr/gnu/bin/bash ] && exec /usr/gnu/bin/bash --login
+ fi
+
+If CDE starts its shells non-interactively during login, the login shell
+startup files (~/.profile, ~/.bash_profile) will not be sourced at login.
+To get around this problem, append a line similar to the following to your
+~/.dtprofile:
+
+ BASH_ENV=${HOME}/.bash_profile ; export BASH_ENV
+
+and add the following line to the beginning of ~/.bash_profile:
+
+ unset BASH_ENV
+
+A8) I just changed my login shell to bash, and now I can't FTP into my
+ machine. Why not?
+
+You must add the full pathname to bash to the file /etc/shells. As
+noted in the answer to the previous question, many systems require
+this before you can make bash your login shell.
+
+Most versions of ftpd use this file to prohibit `special' users
+such as `uucp' and `news' from using FTP.
+
+A9) What's the `POSIX 1003.2 standard'?
+
+POSIX is a name originally coined by Richard Stallman for a
+family of open system standards based on UNIX. There are a
+number of aspects of UNIX under consideration for
+standardization, from the basic system services at the system
+call and C library level to applications and tools to system
+administration and management. Each area of standardization is
+assigned to a working group in the 1003 series.
+
+The POSIX Shell and Utilities standard has been developed by IEEE
+Working Group 1003.2 (POSIX.2). It concentrates on the command
+interpreter interface and utility programs commonly executed from
+the command line or by other programs. An initial version of the
+standard has been approved and published by the IEEE, and work is
+currently underway to update it.
+
+Bash is concerned with the aspects of the shell's behavior
+defined by POSIX.2. The shell command language has of course
+been standardized, including the basic flow control and program
+execution constructs, I/O redirection and pipelining, argument
+handling, variable expansion, and quoting.
+
+The `special' builtins, which must be implemented as part of the
+shell to provide the desired functionality, are specified as
+being part of the shell; examples of these are `eval' and
+`export'. Other utilities appear in the sections of POSIX.2 not
+devoted to the shell which are commonly (and in some cases must
+be) implemented as builtin commands, such as `read' and `test'.
+POSIX.2 also specifies aspects of the shell's interactive
+behavior as part of the UPE, including job control and command
+line editing. Only vi-style line editing commands have been
+standardized; emacs editing commands were left out due to
+objections.
+
+The Open Group has made an older version of its Single Unix
+Specification (version 2), which is very similar to POSIX.2,
+available on the web at
+
+http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007908799/
+
+The Single Unix Specification, version 3, is available on the web at
+
+http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007904975/
+
+A10) What is the bash `posix mode'?
+
+Although bash is an implementation of the POSIX.2 shell
+specification, there are areas where the bash default behavior
+differs from that spec. The bash `posix mode' changes the bash
+behavior in these areas so that it obeys the spec more closely.
+
+Posix mode is entered by starting bash with the --posix or
+'-o posix' option or executing `set -o posix' after bash is running.
+
+The specific aspects of bash which change when posix mode is
+active are listed in the file POSIX in the bash distribution.
+They are also listed in a section in the Bash Reference Manual
+(from which that file is generated).
+
+Section B: The latest version
+
+B1) What's new in version 2.05b?
+
+The raison d'etre for bash-2.05b is to make a second intermediate
+release containing the first of the new features to be available
+in bash-3.0 and get feedback on those features before proceeding.
+The major new feature is multibyte character support in both Bash
+and Readline.
+
+Bash-2.05b contains the following new features (see the manual page for
+complete descriptions and the CHANGES and NEWS files in the bash-2.05b
+distribution):
+
+o support for multibyte characters has been added to both bash and readline
+
+o the DEBUG trap is now run *before* simple commands, ((...)) commands,
+ [[...]] conditional commands, and for ((...)) loops
+
+o the shell now performs arithmetic in the largest integer size the machine
+ supports (intmax_t)
+
+o there is a new \D{...} prompt expansion; passes the `...' to strftime(3)
+ and inserts the result into the expanded prompt
+
+o there is a new `here-string' redirection operator: <<< word
+
+o when displaying variables, function attributes and definitions are shown
+ separately, allowing them to be re-used as input (attempting to re-use
+ the old output would result in syntax errors).
+
+o `read' has a new `-u fd' option to read from a specified file descriptor
+
+o the bash debugger in examples/bashdb has been modified to work with the
+ new DEBUG trap semantics, the command set has been made more gdb-like,
+ and the changes to $LINENO make debugging functions work better
+
+o the expansion of $LINENO inside a shell function is only relative to the
+ function start if the shell is interactive -- if the shell is running a
+ script, $LINENO expands to the line number in the script. This is as
+ POSIX-2001 requires
+
+
+A short feature history dating from Bash-2.0:
+
+Bash-2.05a introduced the following new features:
+
+o The `printf' builtin has undergone major work
+
+o There is a new read-only `shopt' option: login_shell, which is set by
+ login shells and unset otherwise
+
+o New `\A' prompt string escape sequence; expanding to time in 24-hour
+ HH:MM format
+
+o New `-A group/-g' option to complete and compgen; goes group name
+ completion
+
+o New [+-]O invocation option to set and unset `shopt' options at startup
+
+o ksh-like `ERR' trap
+
+o `for' loops now allow empty word lists after the `in' reserved word
+
+o new `hard' and `soft' arguments for the `ulimit' builtin
+
+o Readline can be configured to place the user at the same point on the line
+ when retrieving commands from the history list
+
+o Readline can be configured to skip `hidden' files (filenames with a leading
+ `.' on Unix) when performing completion
+
+Bash-2.05 introduced the following new features:
+
+o This version has once again reverted to using locales and strcoll(3) when
+ processing pattern matching bracket expressions, as POSIX requires.
+o Added a new `--init-file' invocation argument as a synonym for `--rcfile',
+ per the new GNU coding standards.
+o The /dev/tcp and /dev/udp redirections now accept service names as well as
+ port numbers.
+o `complete' and `compgen' now take a `-o value' option, which controls some
+ of the aspects of that compspec. Valid values are:
+
+ default - perform bash default completion if programmable
+ completion produces no matches
+ dirnames - perform directory name completion if programmable
+ completion produces no matches
+ filenames - tell readline that the compspec produces filenames,
+ so it can do things like append slashes to
+ directory names and suppress trailing spaces
+o A new loadable builtin, realpath, which canonicalizes and expands symlinks
+ in pathname arguments.
+o When `set' is called without options, it prints function defintions in a
+ way that allows them to be reused as input. This affects `declare' and
+ `declare -p' as well. This only happens when the shell is not in POSIX
+ mode, since POSIX.2 forbids this behavior.
+
+Bash-2.04 introduced the following new features:
+
+o Programmable word completion with the new `complete' and `compgen' builtins;
+ examples are provided in examples/complete/complete-examples
+o `history' has a new `-d' option to delete a history entry
+o `bind' has a new `-x' option to bind key sequences to shell commands
+o The prompt expansion code has new `\j' and `\l' escape sequences
+o The `no_empty_cmd_completion' shell option, if enabled, inhibits
+ command completion when TAB is typed on an empty line
+o `help' has a new `-s' option to print a usage synopsis
+o New arithmetic operators: var++, var--, ++var, --var, expr1,expr2 (comma)
+o New ksh93-style arithmetic for command:
+ for ((expr1 ; expr2; expr3 )); do list; done
+o `read' has new options: `-t', `-n', `-d', `-s'
+o The redirection code handles several filenames specially: /dev/fd/N,
+ /dev/stdin, /dev/stdout, /dev/stderr
+o The redirection code now recognizes /dev/tcp/HOST/PORT and
+ /dev/udp/HOST/PORT and tries to open a TCP or UDP socket, respectively,
+ to the specified port on the specified host
+o The ${!prefix*} expansion has been implemented
+o A new FUNCNAME variable, which expands to the name of a currently-executing
+ function
+o The GROUPS variable is no longer readonly
+o A new shopt `xpg_echo' variable, to control the behavior of echo with
+ respect to backslash-escape sequences at runtime
+o The NON_INTERACTIVE_LOGIN_SHELLS #define has returned
+
+The version of Readline released with Bash-2.04, Readline-4.1, had several
+new features as well:
+
+o Parentheses matching is always compiled into readline, and controllable
+ with the new `blink-matching-paren' variable
+o The history-search-forward and history-search-backward functions now leave
+ point at the end of the line when the search string is empty, like
+ reverse-search-history, and forward-search-history
+o A new function for applications: rl_on_new_line_with_prompt()
+o New variables for applications: rl_already_prompted, and rl_gnu_readline_p
+
+
+Bash-2.03 had very few new features, in keeping with the convention
+that odd-numbered releases provide mainly bug fixes. A number of new
+features were added to Readline, mostly at the request of the Cygnus
+folks.
+
+A new shopt option, `restricted_shell', so that startup files can test
+ whether or not the shell was started in restricted mode
+Filename generation is now performed on the words between ( and ) in
+ compound array assignments (this is really a bug fix)
+OLDPWD is now auto-exported, as POSIX.2 requires
+ENV and BASH_ENV are read-only variables in a restricted shell
+Bash may now be linked against an already-installed Readline library,
+ as long as the Readline library is version 4 or newer
+All shells begun with the `--login' option will source the login shell
+ startup files, even if the shell is not interactive
+
+There were lots of changes to the version of the Readline library released
+along with Bash-2.03. For a complete list of the changes, read the file
+CHANGES in the Bash-2.03 distribution.
+
+Bash-2.02 contained the following new features:
+
+a new version of malloc (based on the old GNU malloc code in previous
+ bash versions) that is more page-oriented, more conservative
+ with memory usage, does not `orphan' large blocks when they
+ are freed, is usable on 64-bit machines, and has allocation
+ checking turned on unconditionally
+POSIX.2-style globbing character classes ([:alpha:], [:alnum:], etc.)
+POSIX.2-style globbing equivalence classes
+POSIX.2-style globbing collating symbols
+the ksh [[...]] extended conditional command
+the ksh egrep-style extended pattern matching operators
+a new `printf' builtin
+the ksh-like $(<filename) command substitution, which is equivalent to
+ $(cat filename)
+new tilde prefixes that expand to directories from the directory stack
+new `**' arithmetic operator to do exponentiation
+case-insensitive globbing (filename expansion)
+menu completion a la tcsh
+`magic-space' history expansion function like tcsh
+the readline inputrc `language' has a new file inclusion directive ($include)
+
+Bash-2.01 contained only a few new features:
+
+new `GROUPS' builtin array variable containing the user's group list
+new bindable readline commands: history-and-alias-expand-line and
+ alias-expand-line
+
+Bash-2.0 contained extensive changes and new features from bash-1.14.7.
+Here's a short list:
+
+new `time' reserved word to time pipelines, shell builtins, and
+ shell functions
+one-dimensional arrays with a new compound assignment statement,
+ appropriate expansion constructs and modifications to some
+ of the builtins (read, declare, etc.) to use them
+new quoting syntaxes for ANSI-C string expansion and locale-specific
+ string translation
+new expansions to do substring extraction, pattern replacement, and
+ indirect variable expansion
+new builtins: `disown' and `shopt'
+new variables: HISTIGNORE, SHELLOPTS, PIPESTATUS, DIRSTACK, GLOBIGNORE,
+ MACHTYPE, BASH_VERSINFO
+special handling of many unused or redundant variables removed
+ (e.g., $notify, $glob_dot_filenames, $no_exit_on_failed_exec)
+dynamic loading of new builtin commands; many loadable examples provided
+new prompt expansions: \a, \e, \n, \H, \T, \@, \v, \V
+history and aliases available in shell scripts
+new readline variables: enable-keypad, mark-directories, input-meta,
+ visible-stats, disable-completion, comment-begin
+new readline commands to manipulate the mark and operate on the region
+new readline emacs mode commands and bindings for ksh-88 compatibility
+updated and extended builtins
+new DEBUG trap
+expanded (and now documented) restricted shell mode
+
+implementation stuff:
+autoconf-based configuration
+nearly all of the bugs reported since version 1.14 have been fixed
+most builtins converted to use builtin `getopt' for consistency
+most builtins use -p option to display output in a reusable form
+ (for consistency)
+grammar tighter and smaller (66 reduce-reduce conflicts gone)
+lots of code now smaller and faster
+test suite greatly expanded
+
+B2) Are there any user-visible incompatibilities between bash-2.05b and
+ bash-1.14.7?
+
+There are a few incompatibilities between version 1.14.7 and version 2.05b.
+They are detailed in the file COMPAT in the bash distribution. That file
+is not meant to be all-encompassing; send mail to bash-maintainers@gnu.org
+if if you find something that's not mentioned there.
+
+Section C: Differences from other Unix shells
+
+C1) How does bash differ from sh, the Bourne shell?
+
+This is a non-comprehensive list of features that differentiate bash
+from the SVR4.2 shell. The bash manual page explains these more
+completely.
+
+Things bash has that sh does not:
+ long invocation options
+ [+-]O invocation option
+ -l invocation option
+ `!' reserved word to invert pipeline return value
+ `time' reserved word to time pipelines and shell builtins
+ the `function' reserved word
+ the `select' compound command and reserved word
+ arithmetic for command: for ((expr1 ; expr2; expr3 )); do list; done
+ new $'...' and $"..." quoting
+ the $(...) form of command substitution
+ the $(<filename) form of command substitution, equivalent to
+ $(cat filename)
+ the ${#param} parameter value length operator
+ the ${!param} indirect parameter expansion operator
+ the ${!param*} prefix expansion operator
+ the ${param:offset[:length]} parameter substring operator
+ the ${param/pat[/string]} parameter pattern substitution operator
+ expansions to perform substring removal (${p%[%]w}, ${p#[#]w})
+ expansion of positional parameters beyond $9 with ${num}
+ variables: BASH, BASH_VERSION, BASH_VERSINFO, UID, EUID, REPLY,
+ TIMEFORMAT, PPID, PWD, OLDPWD, SHLVL, RANDOM, SECONDS,
+ LINENO, HISTCMD, HOSTTYPE, OSTYPE, MACHTYPE, HOSTNAME,
+ ENV, PS3, PS4, DIRSTACK, PIPESTATUS, HISTSIZE, HISTFILE,
+ HISTFILESIZE, HISTCONTROL, HISTIGNORE, GLOBIGNORE, GROUPS,
+ PROMPT_COMMAND, FCEDIT, FIGNORE, IGNOREEOF, INPUTRC,
+ SHELLOPTS, OPTERR, HOSTFILE, TMOUT, FUNCNAME, histchars,
+ auto_resume
+ DEBUG trap
+ ERR trap
+ variable arrays with new compound assignment syntax
+ redirections: <>, &>, >|, <<<, [n]<&word-, [n]>&word-
+ prompt string special char translation and variable expansion
+ auto-export of variables in initial environment
+ command search finds functions before builtins
+ bash return builtin will exit a file sourced with `.'
+ builtins: cd -/-L/-P, exec -l/-c/-a, echo -e/-E, hash -d/-l/-p/-t.
+ export -n/-f/-p/name=value, pwd -L/-P,
+ read -e/-p/-a/-t/-n/-d/-s/-u,
+ readonly -a/-f/name=value, trap -l, set +o,
+ set -b/-m/-o option/-h/-p/-B/-C/-H/-P,
+ unset -f/-v, ulimit -m/-p/-u,
+ type -a/-p/-t/-f/-P, suspend -f, kill -n,
+ test -o optname/s1 == s2/s1 < s2/s1 > s2/-nt/-ot/-ef/-O/-G/-S
+ bash reads ~/.bashrc for interactive shells, $ENV for non-interactive
+ bash restricted shell mode is more extensive
+ bash allows functions and variables with the same name
+ brace expansion
+ tilde expansion
+ arithmetic expansion with $((...)) and `let' builtin
+ the `[[...]]' extended conditional command
+ process substitution
+ aliases and alias/unalias builtins
+ local variables in functions and `local' builtin
+ readline and command-line editing with programmable completion
+ command history and history/fc builtins
+ csh-like history expansion
+ other new bash builtins: bind, command, compgen, complete, builtin,
+ declare/typeset, dirs, enable, fc, help,
+ history, logout, popd, pushd, disown, shopt,
+ printf
+ exported functions
+ filename generation when using output redirection (command >a*)
+ POSIX.2-style globbing character classes
+ POSIX.2-style globbing equivalence classes
+ POSIX.2-style globbing collating symbols
+ egrep-like extended pattern matching operators
+ case-insensitive pattern matching and globbing
+ variable assignments preceding commands affect only that command,
+ even for builtins and functions
+ posix mode
+ redirection to /dev/fd/N, /dev/stdin, /dev/stdout, /dev/stderr,
+ /dev/tcp/host/port, /dev/udp/host/port
+
+Things sh has that bash does not:
+ uses variable SHACCT to do shell accounting
+ includes `stop' builtin (bash can use alias stop='kill -s STOP')
+ `newgrp' builtin
+ turns on job control if called as `jsh'
+ $TIMEOUT (like bash $TMOUT)
+ `^' is a synonym for `|'
+ new SVR4.2 sh builtins: mldmode, priv
+
+Implementation differences:
+ redirection to/from compound commands causes sh to create a subshell
+ bash does not allow unbalanced quotes; sh silently inserts them at EOF
+ bash does not mess with signal 11
+ sh sets (euid, egid) to (uid, gid) if -p not supplied and uid < 100
+ bash splits only the results of expansions on IFS, using POSIX.2
+ field splitting rules; sh splits all words on IFS
+ sh does not allow MAILCHECK to be unset (?)
+ sh does not allow traps on SIGALRM or SIGCHLD
+ bash allows multiple option arguments when invoked (e.g. -x -v);
+ sh allows only a single option argument (`sh -x -v' attempts
+ to open a file named `-v', and, on SunOS 4.1.4, dumps core.
+ On Solaris 2.4 and earlier versions, sh goes into an infinite
+ loop.)
+ sh exits a script if any builtin fails; bash exits only if one of
+ the POSIX.2 `special' builtins fails
+
+C2) How does bash differ from the Korn shell, version ksh88?
+
+Things bash has or uses that ksh88 does not:
+ long invocation options
+ [-+]O invocation option
+ -l invocation option
+ `!' reserved word
+ arithmetic for command: for ((expr1 ; expr2; expr3 )); do list; done
+ arithmetic in largest machine-supported size (intmax_t)
+ posix mode and posix conformance
+ command hashing
+ tilde expansion for assignment statements that look like $PATH
+ process substitution with named pipes if /dev/fd is not available
+ the ${!param} indirect parameter expansion operator
+ the ${!param*} prefix expansion operator
+ the ${param:offset[:length]} parameter substring operator
+ the ${param/pat[/string]} parameter pattern substitution operator
+ variables: BASH, BASH_VERSION, BASH_VERSINFO, UID, EUID, SHLVL,
+ TIMEFORMAT, HISTCMD, HOSTTYPE, OSTYPE, MACHTYPE,
+ HISTFILESIZE, HISTIGNORE, HISTCONTROL, PROMPT_COMMAND,
+ IGNOREEOF, FIGNORE, INPUTRC, HOSTFILE, DIRSTACK,
+ PIPESTATUS, HOSTNAME, OPTERR, SHELLOPTS, GLOBIGNORE,
+ GROUPS, FUNCNAME, histchars, auto_resume
+ prompt expansion with backslash escapes and command substitution
+ redirection: &> (stdout and stderr), <<<, [n]<&word-, [n]>&word-
+ more extensive and extensible editing and programmable completion
+ builtins: bind, builtin, command, declare, dirs, echo -e/-E, enable,
+ exec -l/-c/-a, fc -s, export -n/-f/-p, hash, help, history,
+ jobs -x/-r/-s, kill -s/-n/-l, local, logout, popd, pushd,
+ read -e/-p/-a/-t/-n/-d/-s, readonly -a/-n/-f/-p,
+ set -o braceexpand/-o histexpand/-o interactive-comments/
+ -o notify/-o physical/-o posix/-o hashall/-o onecmd/
+ -h/-B/-C/-b/-H/-P, set +o, suspend, trap -l, type,
+ typeset -a/-F/-p, ulimit -u, umask -S, alias -p, shopt,
+ disown, printf, complete, compgen
+ `!' csh-style history expansion
+ POSIX.2-style globbing character classes
+ POSIX.2-style globbing equivalence classes
+ POSIX.2-style globbing collating symbols
+ egrep-like extended pattern matching operators
+ case-insensitive pattern matching and globbing
+ `**' arithmetic operator to do exponentiation
+ redirection to /dev/fd/N, /dev/stdin, /dev/stdout, /dev/stderr
+ arrays of unlimited size
+ TMOUT is default timeout for `read' and `select'
+
+Things ksh88 has or uses that bash does not:
+ tracked aliases (alias -t)
+ variables: ERRNO, FPATH, EDITOR, VISUAL
+ co-processes (|&, >&p, <&p)
+ weirdly-scoped functions
+ typeset +f to list all function names without definitions
+ text of command history kept in a file, not memory
+ builtins: alias -x, cd old new, fc -e -, newgrp, print,
+ read -p/-s/var?prompt, set -A/-o gmacs/
+ -o bgnice/-o markdirs/-o nolog/-o trackall/-o viraw/-s,
+ typeset -H/-L/-R/-Z/-A/-ft/-fu/-fx/-l/-u/-t, whence
+ using environment to pass attributes of exported variables
+ arithmetic evaluation done on arguments to some builtins
+ reads .profile from $PWD when invoked as login shell
+
+Implementation differences:
+ ksh runs last command of a pipeline in parent shell context
+ bash has brace expansion by default (ksh88 compile-time option)
+ bash has fixed startup file for all interactive shells; ksh reads $ENV
+ bash has exported functions
+ bash command search finds functions before builtins
+ bash waits for all commands in pipeline to exit before returning status
+ emacs-mode editing has some slightly different key bindings
+
+C3) Which new features in ksh-93 are not in bash, and which are?
+
+New things in ksh-93 not in bash-2.05b:
+ associative arrays
+ floating point arithmetic and variables
+ math library functions
+ ${!name[sub]} name of subscript for associative array
+ `.' is allowed in variable names to create a hierarchical namespace
+ more extensive compound assignment syntax
+ discipline functions
+ `sleep' and `getconf' builtins (bash has loadable versions)
+ typeset -n and `nameref' variables
+ KEYBD trap
+ variables: .sh.edchar, .sh.edmode, .sh.edcol, .sh.edtext, .sh.version,
+ .sh.name, .sh.subscript, .sh.value, .sh.match, HISTEDIT
+ backreferences in pattern matching (\N)
+ `&' operator in pattern lists for matching
+ print -f (bash uses printf)
+ `fc' has been renamed to `hist'
+ `.' can execute shell functions
+ exit statuses between 0 and 255
+ set -o pipefail
+ `+=' variable assignment operator
+ FPATH and PATH mixing
+ getopts -a
+ -I invocation option
+ DEBUG trap now executed before each simple command, instead of after
+ printf %H, %P, %T, %Z modifiers, output base for %d
+ lexical scoping for local variables in `ksh' functions
+ no scoping for local variables in `POSIX' functions
+
+New things in ksh-93 present in bash-2.05b:
+ [n]<&word- and [n]>&word- redirections (combination dup and close)
+ for (( expr1; expr2; expr3 )) ; do list; done - arithmetic for command
+ ?:, ++, --, `expr1 , expr2' arithmetic operators
+ expansions: ${!param}, ${param:offset[:len]}, ${param/pat[/str]},
+ ${!param*}
+ compound array assignment
+ the `!' reserved word
+ loadable builtins -- but ksh uses `builtin' while bash uses `enable'
+ `command', `builtin', `disown' builtins
+ new $'...' and $"..." quoting
+ FIGNORE (but bash uses GLOBIGNORE), HISTCMD
+ set -o notify/-C
+ changes to kill builtin
+ read -A (bash uses read -a)
+ read -t/-d
+ trap -p
+ exec -c/-a
+ `.' restores the positional parameters when it completes
+ POSIX.2 `test'
+ umask -S
+ unalias -a
+ command and arithmetic substitution performed on PS1, PS4, and ENV
+ command name completion
+ ENV processed only for interactive shells
+
+Section D: Why does bash do some things differently than other Unix shells?
+
+D1) Why does bash run a different version of `command' than
+ `which command' says it will?
+
+On many systems, `which' is actually a csh script that assumes
+you're running csh. In tcsh, `which' and its cousin `where'
+are builtins. On other Unix systems, `which' is a perl script
+that uses the PATH environment variable.
+
+The csh script version reads the csh startup files from your
+home directory and uses those to determine which `command' will
+be invoked. Since bash doesn't use any of those startup files,
+there's a good chance that your bash environment differs from
+your csh environment. The bash `type' builtin does everything
+`which' does, and will report correct results for the running
+shell. If you're really wedded to the name `which', try adding
+the following function definition to your .bashrc:
+
+ which()
+ {
+ builtin type "$@"
+ }
+
+If you're moving from tcsh and would like to bring `where' along
+as well, use this function:
+
+ where()
+ {
+ builtin type -a "$@"
+ }
+
+D2) Why doesn't bash treat brace expansions exactly like csh?
+
+The only difference between bash and csh brace expansion is that
+bash requires a brace expression to contain at least one unquoted
+comma if it is to be expanded. Any brace-surrounded word not
+containing an unquoted comma is left unchanged by the brace
+expansion code. This affords the greatest degree of sh
+compatibility.
+
+Bash, ksh, zsh, and pd-ksh all implement brace expansion this way.
+
+D3) Why doesn't bash have csh variable modifiers?
+
+Posix has specified a more powerful, albeit somewhat more cryptic,
+mechanism cribbed from ksh, and bash implements it.
+
+${parameter%word}
+ Remove smallest suffix pattern. The WORD is expanded to produce
+ a pattern. It then expands to the value of PARAMETER, with the
+ smallest portion of the suffix matched by the pattern deleted.
+
+ x=file.c
+ echo ${x%.c}.o
+ -->file.o
+
+${parameter%%word}
+
+ Remove largest suffix pattern. The WORD is expanded to produce
+ a pattern. It then expands to the value of PARAMETER, with the
+ largest portion of the suffix matched by the pattern deleted.
+
+ x=posix/src/std
+ echo ${x%%/*}
+ -->posix
+
+${parameter#word}
+ Remove smallest prefix pattern. The WORD is expanded to produce
+ a pattern. It then expands to the value of PARAMETER, with the
+ smallest portion of the prefix matched by the pattern deleted.
+
+ x=$HOME/src/cmd
+ echo ${x#$HOME}
+ -->/src/cmd
+
+${parameter##word}
+ Remove largest prefix pattern. The WORD is expanded to produce
+ a pattern. It then expands to the value of PARAMETER, with the
+ largest portion of the prefix matched by the pattern deleted.
+
+ x=/one/two/three
+ echo ${x##*/}
+ -->three
+
+
+Given
+ a=/a/b/c/d
+ b=b.xxx
+
+ csh bash result
+ --- ---- ------
+ $a:h ${a%/*} /a/b/c
+ $a:t ${a##*/} d
+ $b:r ${b%.*} b
+ $b:e ${b##*.} xxx
+
+
+D4) How can I make my csh aliases work when I convert to bash?
+
+Bash uses a different syntax to support aliases than csh does.
+The details can be found in the documentation. We have provided
+a shell script which does most of the work of conversion for you;
+this script can be found in ./examples/misc/aliasconv.sh. Here is
+how you use it:
+
+Start csh in the normal way for you. (e.g., `csh')
+
+Pipe the output of `alias' through `aliasconv.sh', saving the
+results into `bash_aliases':
+
+ alias | bash aliasconv.sh >bash_aliases
+
+Edit `bash_aliases', carefully reading through any created
+functions. You will need to change the names of some csh specific
+variables to the bash equivalents. The script converts $cwd to
+$PWD, $term to $TERM, $home to $HOME, $user to $USER, and $prompt
+to $PS1. You may also have to add quotes to avoid unwanted
+expansion.
+
+For example, the csh alias:
+
+ alias cd 'cd \!*; echo $cwd'
+
+is converted to the bash function:
+
+ cd () { command cd "$@"; echo $PWD ; }
+
+The only thing that needs to be done is to quote $PWD:
+
+ cd () { command cd "$@"; echo "$PWD" ; }
+
+Merge the edited file into your ~/.bashrc.
+
+There is an additional, more ambitious, script in
+examples/misc/cshtobash that attempts to convert your entire csh
+environment to its bash equivalent. This script can be run as
+simply `cshtobash' to convert your normal interactive
+environment, or as `cshtobash ~/.login' to convert your login
+environment.
+
+D5) How can I pipe standard output and standard error from one command to
+ another, like csh does with `|&'?
+
+Use
+ command 2>&1 | command2
+
+The key is to remember that piping is performed before redirection, so
+file descriptor 1 points to the pipe when it is duplicated onto file
+descriptor 2.
+
+D6) Now that I've converted from ksh to bash, are there equivalents to
+ ksh features like autoloaded functions and the `whence' command?
+
+There are features in ksh-88 and ksh-93 that do not have direct bash
+equivalents. Most, however, can be emulated with very little trouble.
+
+ksh-88 feature Bash equivalent
+-------------- ---------------
+compiled-in aliases set up aliases in .bashrc; some ksh aliases are
+ bash builtins (hash, history, type)
+coprocesses named pipe pairs (one for read, one for write)
+typeset +f declare -F
+cd, print, whence function substitutes in examples/functions/kshenv
+autoloaded functions examples/functions/autoload is the same as typeset -fu
+read var?prompt read -p prompt var
+
+ksh-93 feature Bash equivalent
+-------------- ---------------
+sleep, getconf Bash has loadable versions in examples/loadables
+${.sh.version} $BASH_VERSION
+print -f printf
+hist alias hist=fc
+$HISTEDIT $FCEDIT
+
+Section E: How can I get bash to do certain things, and why does bash do
+ things the way it does?
+
+E1) Why is the bash builtin `test' slightly different from /bin/test?
+
+The specific example used here is [ ! x -o x ], which is false.
+
+Bash's builtin `test' implements the Posix.2 spec, which can be
+summarized as follows (the wording is due to David Korn):
+
+Here is the set of rules for processing test arguments.
+
+ 0 Args: False
+ 1 Arg: True iff argument is not null.
+ 2 Args: If first arg is !, True iff second argument is null.
+ If first argument is unary, then true if unary test is true
+ Otherwise error.
+ 3 Args: If second argument is a binary operator, do binary test of $1 $3
+ If first argument is !, negate two argument test of $2 $3
+ If first argument is `(' and third argument is `)', do the
+ one-argument test of the second argument.
+ Otherwise error.
+ 4 Args: If first argument is !, negate three argument test of $2 $3 $4.
+ Otherwise unspecified
+ 5 or more Args: unspecified. (Historical shells would use their
+ current algorithm).
+
+The operators -a and -o are considered binary operators for the purpose
+of the 3 Arg case.
+
+As you can see, the test becomes (not (x or x)), which is false.
+
+E2) Why does bash sometimes say `Broken pipe'?
+
+If a sequence of commands appears in a pipeline, and one of the
+reading commands finishes before the writer has finished, the
+writer receives a SIGPIPE signal. Many other shells special-case
+SIGPIPE as an exit status in the pipeline and do not report it.
+For example, in:
+
+ ps -aux | head
+
+`head' can finish before `ps' writes all of its output, and ps
+will try to write on a pipe without a reader. In that case, bash
+will print `Broken pipe' to stderr when ps is killed by a
+SIGPIPE.
+
+You can build a version of bash that will not report SIGPIPE errors
+by uncommenting the definition of DONT_REPORT_SIGPIPE in the file
+config-top.h.
+
+E3) When I have terminal escape sequences in my prompt, why does bash
+ wrap lines at the wrong column?
+
+Readline, the line editing library that bash uses, does not know
+that the terminal escape sequences do not take up space on the
+screen. The redisplay code assumes, unless told otherwise, that
+each character in the prompt is a `printable' character that
+takes up one character position on the screen.
+
+You can use the bash prompt expansion facility (see the PROMPTING
+section in the manual page) to tell readline that sequences of
+characters in the prompt strings take up no screen space.
+
+Use the \[ escape to begin a sequence of non-printing characters,
+and the \] escape to signal the end of such a sequence.
+
+E4) If I pipe the output of a command into `read variable', why doesn't
+ the output show up in $variable when the read command finishes?
+
+This has to do with the parent-child relationship between Unix
+processes. It affects all commands run in pipelines, not just
+simple calls to `read'. For example, piping a command's output
+into a `while' loop that repeatedly calls `read' will result in
+the same behavior.
+
+Each element of a pipeline runs in a separate process, a child of
+the shell running the pipeline. A subprocess cannot affect its
+parent's environment. When the `read' command sets the variable
+to the input, that variable is set only in the subshell, not the
+parent shell. When the subshell exits, the value of the variable
+is lost.
+
+Many pipelines that end with `read variable' can be converted
+into command substitutions, which will capture the output of
+a specified command. The output can then be assigned to a
+variable:
+
+ grep ^gnu /usr/lib/news/active | wc -l | read ngroup
+
+can be converted into
+
+ ngroup=$(grep ^gnu /usr/lib/news/active | wc -l)
+
+This does not, unfortunately, work to split the text among
+multiple variables, as read does when given multiple variable
+arguments. If you need to do this, you can either use the
+command substitution above to read the output into a variable
+and chop up the variable using the bash pattern removal
+expansion operators or use some variant of the following
+approach.
+
+Say /usr/local/bin/ipaddr is the following shell script:
+
+#! /bin/sh
+host `hostname` | awk '/address/ {print $NF}'
+
+Instead of using
+
+ /usr/local/bin/ipaddr | read A B C D
+
+to break the local machine's IP address into separate octets, use
+
+ OIFS="$IFS"
+ IFS=.
+ set -- $(/usr/local/bin/ipaddr)
+ IFS="$OIFS"
+ A="$1" B="$2" C="$3" D="$4"
+
+Beware, however, that this will change the shell's positional
+parameters. If you need them, you should save them before doing
+this.
+
+This is the general approach -- in most cases you will not need to
+set $IFS to a different value.
+
+Some other user-supplied alternatives include:
+
+read A B C D << HERE
+ $(IFS=.; echo $(/usr/local/bin/ipaddr))
+HERE
+
+and, where process substitution is available,
+
+read A B C D < <(IFS=.; echo $(/usr/local/bin/ipaddr))
+
+E5) I have a bunch of shell scripts that use backslash-escaped characters
+ in arguments to `echo'. Bash doesn't interpret these characters. Why
+ not, and how can I make it understand them?
+
+This is the behavior of echo on most Unix System V machines.
+
+The bash builtin `echo' is modeled after the 9th Edition
+Research Unix version of `echo'. It does not interpret
+backslash-escaped characters in its argument strings by default;
+it requires the use of the -e option to enable the
+interpretation. The System V echo provides no way to disable the
+special characters; the bash echo has a -E option to disable
+them.
+
+There is a configuration option that will make bash behave like
+the System V echo and interpret things like `\t' by default. Run
+configure with the --enable-xpg-echo-default option to turn this
+on. Be aware that this will cause some of the tests run when you
+type `make tests' to fail.
+
+There is a shell option, `xpg_echo', settable with `shopt', that will
+change the behavior of echo at runtime. Enabling this option turns
+on expansion of backslash-escape sequences.
+
+E6) Why doesn't a while or for loop get suspended when I type ^Z?
+
+This is a consequence of how job control works on Unix. The only
+thing that can be suspended is the process group. This is a single
+command or pipeline of commands that the shell forks and executes.
+
+When you run a while or for loop, the only thing that the shell forks
+and executes are any commands in the while loop test and commands in
+the loop bodies. These, therefore, are the only things that can be
+suspended when you type ^Z.
+
+If you want to be able to stop the entire loop, you need to put it
+within parentheses, which will force the loop into a subshell that
+may be stopped (and subsequently restarted) as a single unit.
+
+E7) What about empty for loops in Makefiles?
+
+It's fairly common to see constructs like this in automatically-generated
+Makefiles:
+
+SUBDIRS = @SUBDIRS@
+
+ ...
+
+subdirs-clean:
+ for d in ${SUBDIRS}; do \
+ ( cd $$d && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} clean ) \
+ done
+
+When SUBDIRS is empty, this results in a command like this being passed to
+bash:
+
+ for d in ; do
+ ( cd $d && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} clean )
+ done
+
+In versions of bash before bash-2.05a, this was a syntax error. If the
+reserved word `in' was present, a word must follow it before the semicolon
+or newline. The language in the manual page referring to the list of words
+being empty referred to the list after it is expanded. These versions of
+bash required that there be at least one word following the `in' when the
+construct was parsed.
+
+The idiomatic Makefile solution is something like:
+
+SUBDIRS = @SUBDIRS@
+
+subdirs-clean:
+ subdirs=$SUBDIRS ; for d in $$subdirs; do \
+ ( cd $$d && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} clean ) \
+ done
+
+The latest drafts of the updated POSIX standard have changed this: the
+word list is no longer required. Bash versions 2.05a and later accept
+the new syntax.
+
+E8) Why does the arithmetic evaluation code complain about `08'?
+
+The bash arithmetic evaluation code (used for `let', $(()), (()), and in
+other places), interprets a leading `0' in numeric constants as denoting
+an octal number, and a leading `0x' as denoting hexadecimal. This is
+in accordance with the POSIX.2 spec, section 2.9.2.1, which states that
+arithmetic constants should be handled as signed long integers as defined
+by the ANSI/ISO C standard.
+
+The POSIX.2 interpretation committee has confirmed this:
+
+http://www.pasc.org/interps/unofficial/db/p1003.2/pasc-1003.2-173.html
+
+E9) Why does the pattern matching expression [A-Z]* match files beginning
+ with every letter except `z'?
+
+Bash-2.03, Bash-2.05 and later versions honor the current locale setting
+when processing ranges within pattern matching bracket expressions ([A-Z]).
+This is what POSIX.2 and SUSv3/XPG6 specify.
+
+The behavior of the matcher in bash-2.05 and later versions depends on the
+current LC_COLLATE setting. Setting this variable to `C' or `POSIX' will
+result in the traditional behavior ([A-Z] matches all uppercase ASCII
+characters). Many other locales, including the en_US locale (the default
+on many US versions of Linux) collate the upper and lower case letters like
+this:
+
+ AaBb...Zz
+
+which means that [A-Z] matches every letter except `z'. Others collate like
+
+ aAbBcC...zZ
+
+which means that [A-Z] matches every letter except `a'.
+
+The portable way to specify upper case letters is [:upper:] instead of
+A-Z; lower case may be specified as [:lower:] instead of a-z.
+
+Look at the manual pages for setlocale(3), strcoll(3), and, if it is
+present, locale(1). If you have locale(1), you can use it to find
+your current locale information even if you do not have any of the
+LC_ variables set.
+
+My advice is to put
+
+ export LC_COLLATE=C
+
+into /etc/profile and inspect any shell scripts run from cron for
+constructs like [A-Z]. This will prevent things like
+
+ rm [A-Z]*
+
+from removing every file in the current directory except those beginning
+with `z' and still allow individual users to change the collation order.
+Users may put the above command into their own profiles as well, of course.
+
+E10) Why does `cd //' leave $PWD as `//'?
+
+POSIX.2, in its description of `cd', says that *three* or more leading
+slashes may be replaced with a single slash when canonicalizing the
+current working directory.
+
+This is, I presume, for historical compatibility. Certain versions of
+Unix, and early network file systems, used paths of the form
+//hostname/path to access `path' on server `hostname'.
+
+E11) If I resize my xterm while another program is running, why doesn't bash
+ notice the change?
+
+This is another issue that deals with job control.
+
+The kernel maintains a notion of a current terminal process group. Members
+of this process group (processes whose process group ID is equal to the
+current terminal process group ID) receive terminal-generated signals like
+SIGWINCH. (For more details, see the JOB CONTROL section of the bash
+man page.)
+
+If a terminal is resized, the kernel sends SIGWINCH to each member of
+the terminal's current process group (the `foreground' process group).
+
+When bash is running with job control enabled, each pipeline (which may be
+a single command) is run in its own process group, different from bash's
+process group. This foreground process group receives the SIGWINCH; bash
+does not. Bash has no way of knowing that the terminal has been resized.
+
+There is a `checkwinsize' option, settable with the `shopt' builtin, that
+will cause bash to check the window size and adjust its idea of the
+terminal's dimensions each time a process stops or exits and returns control
+of the terminal to bash. Enable it with `shopt -s checkwinsize'.
+
+Section F: Things to watch out for on certain Unix versions
+
+F1) Why can't I use command line editing in my `cmdtool'?
+
+The problem is `cmdtool' and bash fighting over the input. When
+scrolling is enabled in a cmdtool window, cmdtool puts the tty in
+`raw mode' to permit command-line editing using the mouse for
+applications that cannot do it themselves. As a result, bash and
+cmdtool each try to read keyboard input immediately, with neither
+getting enough of it to be useful.
+
+This mode also causes cmdtool to not implement many of the
+terminal functions and control sequences appearing in the
+`sun-cmd' termcap entry. For a more complete explanation, see
+that file examples/suncmd.termcap in the bash distribution.
+
+`xterm' is a better choice, and gets along with bash much more
+smoothly.
+
+If you must use cmdtool, you can use the termcap description in
+examples/suncmd.termcap. Set the TERMCAP variable to the terminal
+description contained in that file, i.e.
+
+TERMCAP='Mu|sun-cmd:am:bs:km:pt:li#34:co#80:cl=^L:ce=\E[K:cd=\E[J:rs=\E[s:'
+
+Then export TERMCAP and start a new cmdtool window from that shell.
+The bash command-line editing should behave better in the new
+cmdtool. If this works, you can put the assignment to TERMCAP
+in your bashrc file.
+
+F2) I built bash on Solaris 2. Why do globbing expansions and filename
+ completion chop off the first few characters of each filename?
+
+This is the consequence of building bash on SunOS 5 and linking
+with the libraries in /usr/ucblib, but using the definitions
+and structures from files in /usr/include.
+
+The actual conflict is between the dirent structure in
+/usr/include/dirent.h and the struct returned by the version of
+`readdir' in libucb.a (a 4.3-BSD style `struct direct').
+
+Make sure you've got /usr/ccs/bin ahead of /usr/ucb in your $PATH
+when configuring and building bash. This will ensure that you
+use /usr/ccs/bin/cc or acc instead of /usr/ucb/cc and that you
+link with libc before libucb.
+
+If you have installed the Sun C compiler, you may also need to
+put /usr/ccs/bin and /opt/SUNWspro/bin into your $PATH before
+/usr/ucb.
+
+F3) Why does bash dump core after I interrupt username completion or
+ `~user' tilde expansion on a machine running NIS?
+
+This is a famous and long-standing bug in the SunOS YP (sorry, NIS)
+client library, which is part of libc.
+
+The YP library code keeps static state -- a pointer into the data
+returned from the server. When YP initializes itself (setpwent),
+it looks at this pointer and calls free on it if it's non-null.
+So far, so good.
+
+If one of the YP functions is interrupted during getpwent (the
+exact function is interpretwithsave()), and returns NULL, the
+pointer is freed without being reset to NULL, and the function
+returns. The next time getpwent is called, it sees that this
+pointer is non-null, calls free, and the bash free() blows up
+because it's being asked to free freed memory.
+
+The traditional Unix mallocs allow memory to be freed multiple
+times; that's probably why this has never been fixed. You can
+run configure with the `--without-gnu-malloc' option to use
+the C library malloc and avoid the problem.
+
+F4) I'm running SVR4.2. Why is the line erased every time I type `@'?
+
+The `@' character is the default `line kill' character in most
+versions of System V, including SVR4.2. You can change this
+character to whatever you want using `stty'. For example, to
+change the line kill character to control-u, type
+
+ stty kill ^U
+
+where the `^' and `U' can be two separate characters.
+
+F5) Why does bash report syntax errors when my C News scripts use a
+ redirection before a subshell command?
+
+The actual command in question is something like
+
+ < file ( command )
+
+According to the grammar given in the POSIX.2 standard, this construct
+is, in fact, a syntax error. Redirections may only precede `simple
+commands'. A subshell construct such as the above is one of the shell's
+`compound commands'. A redirection may only follow a compound command.
+
+This affects the mechanical transformation of commands that use `cat'
+to pipe a file into a command (a favorite Useless-Use-Of-Cat topic on
+comp.unix.shell). While most commands of the form
+
+ cat file | command
+
+can be converted to `< file command', shell control structures such as
+loops and subshells require `command < file'.
+
+The file CWRU/sh-redir-hack in the bash-2.05a distribution is an
+(unofficial) patch to parse.y that will modify the grammar to
+support this construct. It will not apply with `patch'; you must
+modify parse.y by hand. Note that if you apply this, you must
+recompile with -DREDIRECTION_HACK. This introduces a large
+number of reduce/reduce conflicts into the shell grammar.
+
+F6) Why can't I use vi-mode editing on Red Hat Linux 6.1?
+
+The short answer is that Red Hat screwed up.
+
+The long answer is that they shipped an /etc/inputrc that only works
+for emacs mode editing, and then screwed all the vi users by setting
+INPUTRC to /etc/inputrc in /etc/profile.
+
+The short fix is to do one of the following: remove or rename
+/etc/inputrc, set INPUTRC=~/.inputrc in ~/.bashrc (or .bash_profile,
+but make sure you export it if you do), remove the assignment to
+INPUTRC from /etc/profile, add
+
+ set keymap emacs
+
+to the beginning of /etc/inputrc, or bracket the key bindings in
+/etc/inputrc with these lines
+
+ $if mode=emacs
+ [...]
+ $endif
+
+F7) Why do bash-2.05a and bash-2.05b fail to compile `printf.def' on
+ HP/UX 11.x?
+
+HP/UX's support for long double is imperfect at best.
+
+GCC will support it without problems, but the HP C library functions
+like strtold(3) and printf(3) don't actually work with long doubles.
+HP implemented a `long_double' type as a 4-element array of 32-bit
+ints, and that is what the library functions use. The ANSI C
+`long double' type is a 128-bit floating point scalar.
+
+The easiest fix, until HP fixes things up, is to edit the generated
+config.h and #undef the HAVE_LONG_DOUBLE line. After doing that,
+the compilation should complete successfully.
+
+Section G: How can I get bash to do certain common things?
+
+G1) How can I get bash to read and display eight-bit characters?
+
+This is a process requiring several steps.
+
+First, you must ensure that the `physical' data path is a full eight
+bits. For xterms, for example, the `vt100' resources `eightBitInput'
+and `eightBitOutput' should be set to `true'.
+
+Once you have set up an eight-bit path, you must tell the kernel and
+tty driver to leave the eighth bit of characters alone when processing
+keyboard input. Use `stty' to do this:
+
+ stty cs8 -istrip -parenb
+
+For old BSD-style systems, you can use
+
+ stty pass8
+
+You may also need
+
+ stty even odd
+
+Finally, you need to tell readline that you will be inputting and
+displaying eight-bit characters. You use readline variables to do
+this. These variables can be set in your .inputrc or using the bash
+`bind' builtin. Here's an example using `bind':
+
+ bash$ bind 'set convert-meta off'
+ bash$ bind 'set meta-flag on'
+ bash$ bind 'set output-meta on'
+
+The `set' commands between the single quotes may also be placed
+in ~/.inputrc.
+
+G2) How do I write a function `x' to replace builtin command `x', but
+ still invoke the command from within the function?
+
+This is why the `command' and `builtin' builtins exist. The
+`command' builtin executes the command supplied as its first
+argument, skipping over any function defined with that name. The
+`builtin' builtin executes the builtin command given as its first
+argument directly.
+
+For example, to write a function to replace `cd' that writes the
+hostname and current directory to an xterm title bar, use
+something like the following:
+
+ cd()
+ {
+ builtin cd "$@" && xtitle "$HOST: $PWD"
+ }
+
+This could also be written using `command' instead of `builtin';
+the version above is marginally more efficient.
+
+G3) How can I find the value of a shell variable whose name is the value
+ of another shell variable?
+
+Versions of Bash newer than Bash-2.0 support this directly. You can use
+
+ ${!var}
+
+For example, the following sequence of commands will echo `z':
+
+ var1=var2
+ var2=z
+ echo ${!var1}
+
+For sh compatibility, use the `eval' builtin. The important
+thing to remember is that `eval' expands the arguments you give
+it again, so you need to quote the parts of the arguments that
+you want `eval' to act on.
+
+For example, this expression prints the value of the last positional
+parameter:
+
+ eval echo \"\$\{$#\}\"
+
+The expansion of the quoted portions of this expression will be
+deferred until `eval' runs, while the `$#' will be expanded
+before `eval' is executed. In versions of bash later than bash-2.0,
+
+ echo ${!#}
+
+does the same thing.
+
+This is not the same thing as ksh93 `nameref' variables, though the syntax
+is similar. I may add namerefs in a future bash version.
+
+G4) How can I make the bash `time' reserved word print timing output that
+ looks like the output from my system's /usr/bin/time?
+
+The bash command timing code looks for a variable `TIMEFORMAT' and
+uses its value as a format string to decide how to display the
+timing statistics.
+
+The value of TIMEFORMAT is a string with `%' escapes expanded in a
+fashion similar in spirit to printf(3). The manual page explains
+the meanings of the escape sequences in the format string.
+
+If TIMEFORMAT is not set, bash acts as if the following assignment had
+been performed:
+
+ TIMEFORMAT=$'\nreal\t%3lR\nuser\t%3lU\nsys\t%3lS'
+
+The POSIX.2 default time format (used by `time -p command') is
+
+ TIMEFORMAT=$'real %2R\nuser %2U\nsys %2S'
+
+The BSD /usr/bin/time format can be emulated with:
+
+ TIMEFORMAT=$'\t%1R real\t%1U user\t%1S sys'
+
+The System V /usr/bin/time format can be emulated with:
+
+ TIMEFORMAT=$'\nreal\t%1R\nuser\t%1U\nsys\t%1S'
+
+The ksh format can be emulated with:
+
+ TIMEFORMAT=$'\nreal\t%2lR\nuser\t%2lU\nsys\t%2lS'
+
+G5) How do I get the current directory into my prompt?
+
+Bash provides a number of backslash-escape sequences which are expanded
+when the prompt string (PS1 or PS2) is displayed. The full list is in
+the manual page.
+
+The \w expansion gives the full pathname of the current directory, with
+a tilde (`~') substituted for the current value of $HOME. The \W
+expansion gives the basename of the current directory. To put the full
+pathname of the current directory into the path without any tilde
+subsitution, use $PWD. Here are some examples:
+
+ PS1='\w$ ' # current directory with tilde
+ PS1='\W$ ' # basename of current directory
+ PS1='$PWD$ ' # full pathname of current directory
+
+The single quotes are important in the final example to prevent $PWD from
+being expanded when the assignment to PS1 is performed.
+
+G6) How can I rename "*.foo" to "*.bar"?
+
+Use the pattern removal functionality described in D3. The following `for'
+loop will do the trick:
+
+ for f in *.foo; do
+ mv $f ${f%foo}bar
+ done
+
+G7) How can I translate a filename from uppercase to lowercase?
+
+The script examples/functions/lowercase, originally written by John DuBois,
+will do the trick. The converse is left as an exercise.
+
+G8) How can I write a filename expansion (globbing) pattern that will match
+ all files in the current directory except "." and ".."?
+
+You must have set the `extglob' shell option using `shopt -s extglob' to use
+this:
+
+ echo .!(.|) *
+
+A solution that works without extended globbing is given in the Unix Shell
+FAQ, posted periodically to comp.unix.shell.
+
+Section H: Where do I go from here?
+
+H1) How do I report bugs in bash, and where should I look for fixes and
+ advice?
+
+Use the `bashbug' script to report bugs. It is built and
+installed at the same time as bash. It provides a standard
+template for reporting a problem and automatically includes
+information about your configuration and build environment.
+
+`bashbug' sends its reports to bug-bash@gnu.org, which
+is a large mailing list gatewayed to the usenet newsgroup gnu.bash.bug.
+
+Bug fixes, answers to questions, and announcements of new releases
+are all posted to gnu.bash.bug. Discussions concerning bash features
+and problems also take place there.
+
+To reach the bash maintainers directly, send mail to
+bash-maintainers@gnu.org.
+
+H2) What kind of bash documentation is there?
+
+First, look in the doc directory in the bash distribution. It should
+contain at least the following files:
+
+bash.1 an extensive, thorough Unix-style manual page
+builtins.1 a manual page covering just bash builtin commands
+bashref.texi a reference manual in GNU tex`info format
+bashref.info an info version of the reference manual
+FAQ this file
+article.ms text of an article written for The Linux Journal
+readline.3 a man page describing readline
+
+Postscript, HTML, and ASCII files created from the above source are
+available in the documentation distribution.
+
+There is additional documentation available for anonymous FTP from host
+ftp.cwru.edu in the `pub/bash' directory.
+
+Cameron Newham and Bill Rosenblatt have written a book on bash, published
+by O'Reilly and Associates. The book is based on Bill Rosenblatt's Korn
+Shell book. The title is ``Learning the Bash Shell'', and the ISBN number
+is 1-56592-147-X. Look for it in fine bookstores near you. This book
+covers bash-1.14, but has an appendix describing some of the new features
+in bash-2.0.
+
+A second edition of this book is available, published in January, 1998.
+The ISBN number is 1-56592-347-2. Look for it in the same fine bookstores
+or on the web.
+
+The GNU Bash Reference Manual has been published as a printed book by
+Network Theory Ltd (Paperback, ISBN: 0-9541617-7-7, Feb 2003). It covers
+bash-2.0 and is available from most online bookstores (see
+http://www.network-theory.co.uk/bash/manual/ for details). The publisher
+will donate $1 to the Free Software Foundation for each copy sold.
+
+H3) What's coming in future versions?
+
+These are features I hope to include in a future version of bash.
+
+a better bash debugger (a minimally-tested version is included with bash-2.05b)
+associative arrays
+co-processes, but with a new-style syntax that looks like function declaration
+
+H4) What's on the bash `wish list' for future versions?
+
+These are features that may or may not appear in a future version of bash.
+
+breaking some of the shell functionality into embeddable libraries
+a module system like zsh's, using dynamic loading like builtins
+better internationalization using GNU `gettext'
+date-stamped command history
+a bash programmer's guide with a chapter on creating loadable builtins
+a better loadable interface to perl with access to the shell builtins and
+ variables (contributions gratefully accepted)
+ksh93-like `nameref' variables
+ksh93-like `+=' variable assignment operator
+ksh93-like `xx.yy' variables (including some of the .sh.* variables) and
+ associated disipline functions
+Some of the new ksh93 pattern matching operators, like backreferencing
+
+H5) When will the next release appear?
+
+The next version will appear sometime in 2002. Never make predictions.
+
+
+This document is Copyright 1995-2003 by Chester Ramey.
+
+Permission is hereby granted, without written agreement and
+without license or royalty fees, to use, copy, and distribute
+this document for any purpose, provided that the above copyright
+notice appears in all copies of this document and that the
+contents of this document remain unaltered.
This is bash.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.13 from
-/Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi.
+/usr/homes/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi.
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 4.1, 16 September 2009).
+the Bash shell (version 4.3, 6 September 2014).
- This is Edition 4.1, last updated 16 September 2009, of `The GNU
-Bash Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.1.
+ This is Edition 4.3, last updated 6 September 2014, of `The GNU Bash
+Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.3.
- Copyright (C) 1988-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
- Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
-manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
-preserved on all copies.
+ Copyright (C) 1988-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software
- Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts
- being "A GNU Manual", and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a)
- below. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
- "GNU Free Documentation License".
-
- (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: You are free to copy and modify
- this GNU manual. Buying copies from GNU Press supports the FSF in
- developing GNU and promoting software freedom."
-
+ Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and
+ no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the
+ section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
INFO-DIR-SECTION Basics
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
*************
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 4.1, 16 September 2009).
+the Bash shell (version 4.3, 6 September 2014). The Bash home page is
+`http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/'.
- This is Edition 4.1, last updated 16 September 2009, of `The GNU
-Bash Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.1.
+ This is Edition 4.3, last updated 6 September 2014, of `The GNU Bash
+Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.3.
Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
features that only appear in Bash. Some of the shells that Bash has
borrowed concepts from are the Bourne Shell (`sh'), the Korn Shell
-(`ksh'), and the C-shell (`csh' and its successor, `tcsh'). The
-following menu breaks the features up into categories based upon which
-one of these other shells inspired the feature.
+(`ksh'), and the C-shell (`csh' and its successor, `tcsh'). The
+following menu breaks the features up into categories, noting which
+features were inspired by other shells and which are specific to Bash.
This manual is meant as a brief introduction to features found in
Bash. The Bash manual page should be used as the definitive reference
Shells also provide a small set of built-in commands ("builtins")
implementing functionality impossible or inconvenient to obtain via
-separate utilities. For example, `cd', `break', `continue', and
-`exec') cannot be implemented outside of the shell because they
-directly manipulate the shell itself. The `history', `getopts',
-`kill', or `pwd' builtins, among others, could be implemented in
-separate utilities, but they are more convenient to use as builtin
-commands. All of the shell builtins are described in subsequent
-sections.
+separate utilities. For example, `cd', `break', `continue', and `exec'
+cannot be implemented outside of the shell because they directly
+manipulate the shell itself. The `history', `getopts', `kill', or `pwd'
+builtins, among others, could be implemented in separate utilities, but
+they are more convenient to use as builtin commands. All of the shell
+builtins are described in subsequent sections.
While executing commands is essential, most of the power (and
complexity) of shells is due to their embedded programming languages.
backspace
`\e'
+`\E'
an escape character (not ANSI C)
`\f'
`\''
single quote
+`\"'
+ double quote
+
`\NNN'
the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value NNN (one to
three digits)
the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal value HH
(one or two hex digits)
+`\uHHHH'
+ the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
+ hexadecimal value HHHH (one to four hex digits)
+
+`\UHHHHHHHH'
+ the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
+ hexadecimal value HHHHHHHH (one to eight hex digits)
+
`\cX'
a control-X character
* Lists:: How to execute commands sequentially.
* Compound Commands:: Shell commands for control flow.
* Coprocesses:: Two-way communication between commands.
+* GNU Parallel:: Running commands in parallel.
\1f
File: bash.info, Node: Simple Commands, Next: Pipelines, Up: Shell Commands
3.2.2 Pipelines
---------------
-A `pipeline' is a sequence of simple commands separated by one of the
-control operators `|' or `|&'.
+A `pipeline' is a sequence of one or more commands separated by one of
+the control operators `|' or `|&'.
The format for a pipeline is
- [`time' [`-p']] [`!'] COMMAND1 [ [`|' or `|&'] COMMAND2 ...]
+ [time [-p]] [!] COMMAND1 [ | or |& COMMAND2 ] ...
The output of each command in the pipeline is connected via a pipe to
the input of the next command. That is, each command reads the
previous command's output. This connection is performed before any
redirections specified by the command.
- If `|&' is used, the standard error of COMMAND1 is connected to
-COMMAND2's standard input through the pipe; it is shorthand for `2>&1
-|'. This implicit redirection of the standard error is performed after
-any redirections specified by the command.
+ If `|&' is used, COMMAND1's standard error, in addition to its
+standard output, is connected to COMMAND2's standard input through the
+pipe; it is shorthand for `2>&1 |'. This implicit redirection of the
+standard error to the standard output is performed after any
+redirections specified by the command.
The reserved word `time' causes timing statistics to be printed for
the pipeline once it finishes. The statistics currently consist of
elapsed (wall-clock) time and user and system time consumed by the
command's execution. The `-p' option changes the output format to that
-specified by POSIX. The `TIMEFORMAT' variable may be set to a format
-string that specifies how the timing information should be displayed.
-*Note Bash Variables::, for a description of the available formats.
-The use of `time' as a reserved word permits the timing of shell
-builtins, shell functions, and pipelines. An external `time' command
-cannot time these easily.
+specified by POSIX. When the shell is in POSIX mode (*note Bash POSIX
+Mode::), it does not recognize `time' as a reserved word if the next
+token begins with a `-'. The `TIMEFORMAT' variable may be set to a
+format string that specifies how the timing information should be
+displayed. *Note Bash Variables::, for a description of the available
+formats. The use of `time' as a reserved word permits the timing of
+shell builtins, shell functions, and pipelines. An external `time'
+command cannot time these easily.
+
+ When the shell is in POSIX mode (*note Bash POSIX Mode::), `time'
+may be followed by a newline. In this case, the shell displays the
+total user and system time consumed by the shell and its children. The
+`TIMEFORMAT' variable may be used to specify the format of the time
+information.
If the pipeline is not executed asynchronously (*note Lists::), the
shell waits for all commands in the pipeline to complete.
apply to all commands within that compound command unless explicitly
overridden.
+ In most cases a list of commands in a compound command's description
+may be separated from the rest of the command by one or more newlines,
+and may be followed by a newline in place of a semicolon.
+
Bash provides looping constructs, conditional commands, and
mechanisms to group commands and execute them as a unit.
`until'
The syntax of the `until' command is:
+
until TEST-COMMANDS; do CONSEQUENT-COMMANDS; done
+
Execute CONSEQUENT-COMMANDS as long as TEST-COMMANDS has an exit
status which is not zero. The return status is the exit status of
the last command executed in CONSEQUENT-COMMANDS, or zero if none
`while'
The syntax of the `while' command is:
+
while TEST-COMMANDS; do CONSEQUENT-COMMANDS; done
Execute CONSEQUENT-COMMANDS as long as TEST-COMMANDS has an exit
The syntax of the `for' command is:
for NAME [ [in [WORDS ...] ] ; ] do COMMANDS; done
+
Expand WORDS, and execute COMMANDS once for each member in the
resultant list, with NAME bound to the current member. If `in
WORDS' is not present, the `for' command executes the COMMANDS
An alternate form of the `for' command is also supported:
for (( EXPR1 ; EXPR2 ; EXPR3 )) ; do COMMANDS ; done
+
First, the arithmetic expression EXPR1 is evaluated according to
the rules described below (*note Shell Arithmetic::). The
arithmetic expression EXPR2 is then evaluated repeatedly until it
COMMANDS are executed and the arithmetic expression EXPR3 is
evaluated. If any expression is omitted, it behaves as if it
evaluates to 1. The return value is the exit status of the last
- command in LIST that is executed, or false if any of the
+ command in COMMANDS that is executed, or false if any of the
expressions is invalid.
-
The `break' and `continue' builtins (*note Bourne Shell Builtins::)
may be used to control loop execution.
`case'
The syntax of the `case' command is:
- `case WORD in [ [(] PATTERN [| PATTERN]...) COMMAND-LIST ;;]... esac'
+ case WORD in [ [(] PATTERN [| PATTERN]...) COMMAND-LIST ;;]... esac
`case' will selectively execute the COMMAND-LIST corresponding to
the first PATTERN that matches WORD. If the shell option
There may be an arbitrary number of `case' clauses, each terminated
by a `;;', `;&', or `;;&'. The first pattern that matches
- determines the command-list that is executed.
+ determines the command-list that is executed. It's a common idiom
+ to use `*' as the final pattern to define the default case, since
+ that pattern will always match.
Here is an example using `case' in a script that could be used to
describe one interesting feature of an animal:
performed. Conditional operators such as `-f' must be unquoted to
be recognized as primaries.
+ When used with `[[', the `<' and `>' operators sort
+ lexicographically using the current locale.
+
When the `==' and `!=' operators are used, the string to the right
of the operator is considered a pattern and matched according to
- the rules described below in *note Pattern Matching::. If the
- shell option `nocasematch' (see the description of `shopt' in
- *note The Shopt Builtin::) is enabled, the match is performed
- without regard to the case of alphabetic characters. The return
- value is 0 if the string matches (`==') or does not match
- (`!=')the pattern, and 1 otherwise. Any part of the pattern may
- be quoted to force it to be matched as a string.
+ the rules described below in *note Pattern Matching::, as if the
+ `extglob' shell option were enabled. The `=' operator is
+ identical to `=='. If the shell option `nocasematch' (see the
+ description of `shopt' in *note The Shopt Builtin::) is enabled,
+ the match is performed without regard to the case of alphabetic
+ characters. The return value is 0 if the string matches (`==') or
+ does not match (`!=')the pattern, and 1 otherwise. Any part of
+ the pattern may be quoted to force the quoted portion to be
+ matched as a string.
An additional binary operator, `=~', is available, with the same
precedence as `==' and `!='. When it is used, the string to the
(see the description of `shopt' in *note The Shopt Builtin::) is
enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case of
alphabetic characters. Any part of the pattern may be quoted to
- force it to be matched as a string. Substrings matched by
- parenthesized subexpressions within the regular expression are
- saved in the array variable `BASH_REMATCH'. The element of
- `BASH_REMATCH' with index 0 is the portion of the string matching
- the entire regular expression. The element of `BASH_REMATCH' with
- index N is the portion of the string matching the Nth
- parenthesized subexpression.
+ force the quoted portion to be matched as a string. Bracket
+ expressions in regular expressions must be treated carefully,
+ since normal quoting characters lose their meanings between
+ brackets. If the pattern is stored in a shell variable, quoting
+ the variable expansion forces the entire pattern to be matched as
+ a string. Substrings matched by parenthesized subexpressions
+ within the regular expression are saved in the array variable
+ `BASH_REMATCH'. The element of `BASH_REMATCH' with index 0 is the
+ portion of the string matching the entire regular expression. The
+ element of `BASH_REMATCH' with index N is the portion of the
+ string matching the Nth parenthesized subexpression.
+
+ For example, the following will match a line (stored in the shell
+ variable LINE) if there is a sequence of characters in the value
+ consisting of any number, including zero, of space characters,
+ zero or one instances of `a', then a `b':
+ [[ $line =~ [[:space:]]*(a)?b ]]
+
+ That means values like `aab' and ` aaaaaab' will match, as will a
+ line containing a `b' anywhere in its value.
+
+ Storing the regular expression in a shell variable is often a
+ useful way to avoid problems with quoting characters that are
+ special to the shell. It is sometimes difficult to specify a
+ regular expression literally without using quotes, or to keep
+ track of the quoting used by regular expressions while paying
+ attention to the shell's quote removal. Using a shell variable to
+ store the pattern decreases these problems. For example, the
+ following is equivalent to the above:
+ pattern='[[:space:]]*(a)?b'
+ [[ $line =~ $pattern ]]
+
+ If you want to match a character that's special to the regular
+ expression grammar, it has to be quoted to remove its special
+ meaning. This means that in the pattern `xxx.txt', the `.'
+ matches any character in the string (its usual regular expression
+ meaning), but in the pattern `"xxx.txt"' it can only match a
+ literal `.'. Shell programmers should take special care with
+ backslashes, since backslashes are used both by the shell and
+ regular expressions to remove the special meaning from the
+ following character. The following two sets of commands are _not_
+ equivalent:
+ pattern='\.'
+
+ [[ . =~ $pattern ]]
+ [[ . =~ \. ]]
+
+ [[ . =~ "$pattern" ]]
+ [[ . =~ '\.' ]]
+
+ The first two matches will succeed, but the second two will not,
+ because in the second two the backslash will be part of the
+ pattern to be matched. In the first two examples, the backslash
+ removes the special meaning from `.', so the literal `.' matches.
+ If the string in the first examples were anything other than `.',
+ say `a', the pattern would not match, because the quoted `.' in the
+ pattern loses its special meaning of matching any single character.
Expressions may be combined using the following operators, listed
in decreasing order of precedence:
`EXPRESSION1 || EXPRESSION2'
True if either EXPRESSION1 or EXPRESSION2 is true.
+
The `&&' and `||' operators do not evaluate EXPRESSION2 if the
value of EXPRESSION1 is sufficient to determine the return value
of the entire conditional expression.
-
\1f
File: bash.info, Node: Command Grouping, Prev: Conditional Constructs, Up: Compound Commands
LIST.
\1f
-File: bash.info, Node: Coprocesses, Prev: Compound Commands, Up: Shell Commands
+File: bash.info, Node: Coprocesses, Next: GNU Parallel, Prev: Compound Commands, Up: Shell Commands
3.2.5 Coprocesses
-----------------
established between the executing shell and the coprocess.
The format for a coprocess is:
- `coproc' [NAME] COMMAND [REDIRECTIONS]
+ coproc [NAME] COMMAND [REDIRECTIONS]
This creates a coprocess named NAME. If NAME is not supplied, the
default name is COPROC. NAME must not be supplied if COMMAND is a
simple command (*note Simple Commands::); otherwise, it is interpreted
as the first word of the simple command.
- When the coproc is executed, the shell creates an array variable
-(*note Arrays::) named NAME in the context of the executing shell. The
-standard output of COMMAND is connected via a pipe to a file descriptor
-in the executing shell, and that file descriptor is assigned to NAME[0].
-The standard input of COMMAND is connected via a pipe to a file
+ When the coprocess is executed, the shell creates an array variable
+(*note Arrays::) named `NAME' in the context of the executing shell.
+The standard output of COMMAND is connected via a pipe to a file
descriptor in the executing shell, and that file descriptor is assigned
-to NAME[1]. This pipe is established before any redirections specified
-by the command (*note Redirections::). The file descriptors can be
-utilized as arguments to shell commands and redirections using standard
-word expansions.
-
- The process id of the shell spawned to execute the coprocess is
-available as the value of the variable NAME_PID. The `wait' builtin
+to `NAME'[0]. The standard input of COMMAND is connected via a pipe to
+a file descriptor in the executing shell, and that file descriptor is
+assigned to `NAME'[1]. This pipe is established before any
+redirections specified by the command (*note Redirections::). The file
+descriptors can be utilized as arguments to shell commands and
+redirections using standard word expansions. The file descriptors are
+not available in subshells.
+
+ The process ID of the shell spawned to execute the coprocess is
+available as the value of the variable `NAME'_PID. The `wait' builtin
command may be used to wait for the coprocess to terminate.
- The return status of a coprocess is the exit status of COMMAND.
+ Since the coprocess is created as an asynchronous command, the
+`coproc' command always returns success. The return status of a
+coprocess is the exit status of COMMAND.
+
+\1f
+File: bash.info, Node: GNU Parallel, Prev: Coprocesses, Up: Shell Commands
+
+3.2.6 GNU Parallel
+------------------
+
+There are ways to run commands in parallel that are not built into Bash.
+GNU Parallel is a tool to do just that.
+
+ GNU Parallel, as its name suggests, can be used to build and run
+commands in parallel. You may run the same command with different
+arguments, whether they are filenames, usernames, hostnames, or lines
+read from files. GNU Parallel provides shorthand references to many of
+the most common operations (input lines, various portions of the input
+line, different ways to specify the input source, and so on). Parallel
+can replace `xargs' or feed commands from its input sources to several
+different instances of Bash.
+
+ For a complete description, refer to the GNU Parallel documentation.
+A few examples should provide a brief introduction to its use.
+
+ For example, it is easy to replace `xargs' to gzip all html files in
+the current directory and its subdirectories:
+ find . -type f -name '*.html' -print | parallel gzip
+ If you need to protect special characters such as newlines in file
+names, use find's `-print0' option and parallel's `-0' option.
+
+ You can use Parallel to move files from the current directory when
+the number of files is too large to process with one `mv' invocation:
+ ls | parallel mv {} destdir
+
+ As you can see, the {} is replaced with each line read from standard
+input. While using `ls' will work in most instances, it is not
+sufficient to deal with all filenames. If you need to accommodate
+special characters in filenames, you can use
+
+ find . -depth 1 \! -name '.*' -print0 | parallel -0 mv {} destdir
+
+as alluded to above.
+
+ This will run as many `mv' commands as there are files in the current
+directory. You can emulate a parallel `xargs' by adding the `-X'
+option:
+ find . -depth 1 \! -name '.*' -print0 | parallel -0 -X mv {} destdir
+
+ GNU Parallel can replace certain common idioms that operate on lines
+read from a file (in this case, filenames listed one per line):
+ while IFS= read -r x; do
+ do-something1 "$x" "config-$x"
+ do-something2 < "$x"
+ done < file | process-output
+
+with a more compact syntax reminiscent of lambdas:
+ cat list | parallel "do-something1 {} config-{} ; do-something2 < {}" | process-output
+
+ Parallel provides a built-in mechanism to remove filename
+extensions, which lends itself to batch file transformations or
+renaming:
+ ls *.gz | parallel -j+0 "zcat {} | bzip2 >{.}.bz2 && rm {}"
+ This will recompress all files in the current directory with names
+ending in .gz using bzip2, running one job per CPU (-j+0) in parallel.
+(We use `ls' for brevity here; using `find' as above is more robust in
+the face of filenames containing unexpected characters.) Parallel can
+take arguments from the command line; the above can also be written as
+
+ parallel "zcat {} | bzip2 >{.}.bz2 && rm {}" ::: *.gz
+
+ If a command generates output, you may want to preserve the input
+order in the output. For instance, the following command
+ { echo foss.org.my ; echo debian.org; echo freenetproject.org; } | parallel traceroute
+ will display as output the traceroute invocation that finishes first.
+Adding the `-k' option
+ { echo foss.org.my ; echo debian.org; echo freenetproject.org; } | parallel -k traceroute
+ will ensure that the output of `traceroute foss.org.my' is displayed
+first.
+
+ Finally, Parallel can be used to run a sequence of shell commands in
+parallel, similar to `cat file | bash'. It is not uncommon to take a
+list of filenames, create a series of shell commands to operate on
+them, and feed that list of commnds to a shell. Parallel can speed
+this up. Assuming that `file' contains a list of shell commands, one
+per line,
+
+ parallel -j 10 < file
+
+will evaluate the commands using the shell (since no explicit command is
+supplied as an argument), in blocks of ten shell jobs at a time.
\1f
File: bash.info, Node: Shell Functions, Next: Shell Parameters, Prev: Shell Commands, Up: Basic Shell Features
no new process is created to interpret them.
Functions are declared using this syntax:
- [ `function' ] NAME () COMPOUND-COMMAND [ REDIRECTIONS ]
+ NAME () COMPOUND-COMMAND [ REDIRECTIONS ]
+
+ or
+
+ function NAME [()] COMPOUND-COMMAND [ REDIRECTIONS ]
This defines a shell function named NAME. The reserved word
`function' is optional. If the `function' reserved word is supplied,
the parentheses are optional. The BODY of the function is the compound
command COMPOUND-COMMAND (*note Compound Commands::). That command is
usually a LIST enclosed between { and }, but may be any compound
-command listed above. COMPOUND-COMMAND is executed whenever NAME is
-specified as the name of a command. Any redirections (*note
-Redirections::) associated with the shell function are performed when
-the function is executed.
+command listed above, with one exception: If the `function' reserved
+word is used, but the parentheses are not supplied, the braces are
+required. COMPOUND-COMMAND is executed whenever NAME is specified as
+the name of a command. When the shell is in POSIX mode (*note Bash
+POSIX Mode::), NAME may not be the same as one of the special builtins
+(*note Special Builtins::). Any redirections (*note Redirections::)
+associated with the shell function are performed when the function is
+executed.
A function definition may be deleted using the `-f' option to the
`unset' builtin (*note Bourne Shell Builtins::).
*Note Bourne Shell Builtins::, for the description of the `trap'
builtin.
+ The `FUNCNEST' variable, if set to a numeric value greater than 0,
+defines a maximum function nesting level. Function invocations that
+exceed the limit cause the entire command to abort.
+
If the builtin command `return' is executed in a function, the
function completes and execution resumes with the next command after
the function call. Any command associated with the `RETURN' trap is
commands it invokes.
Function names and definitions may be listed with the `-f' option to
-the `declare' or `typeset' builtin commands (*note Bash Builtins::).
-The `-F' option to `declare' or `typeset' will list the function names
-only (and optionally the source file and line number, if the `extdebug'
+the `declare' (`typeset') builtin command (*note Bash Builtins::). The
+`-F' option to `declare' or `typeset' will list the function names only
+(and optionally the source file and line number, if the `extdebug'
shell option is enabled). Functions may be exported so that subshells
automatically have them defined with the `-f' option to the `export'
builtin (*note Bourne Shell Builtins::). Note that shell functions and
entries in the environment passed to the shell's children. Care should
be taken in cases where this may cause a problem.
- Functions may be recursive. No limit is placed on the number of
+ Functions may be recursive. The `FUNCNEST' variable may be used to
+limit the depth of the function call stack and restrict the number of
+function invocations. By default, no limit is placed on the number of
recursive calls.
\1f
performed, with the exception of `"$@"' as explained below. Filename
expansion is not performed. Assignment statements may also appear as
arguments to the `alias', `declare', `typeset', `export', `readonly',
-and `local' builtin commands.
+and `local' builtin commands (DECLARATION commands). When in POSIX
+mode (*note Bash POSIX Mode::), these builtins may appear in a command
+after one or more instances of the `command' builtin and retain these
+assignment statement properties.
In the context where an assignment statement is assigning a value to
a shell variable or array index (*note Arrays::), the `+=' operator can
-be used to append to or add to the variable's previous value. When
-`+=' is applied to a variable for which the integer attribute has been
-set, VALUE is evaluated as an arithmetic expression and added to the
-variable's current value, which is also evaluated. When `+=' is
-applied to an array variable using compound assignment (*note
-Arrays::), the variable's value is not unset (as it is when using `='),
-and new values are appended to the array beginning at one greater than
-the array's maximum index (for indexed arrays), or added as additional
-key-value pairs in an associative array. When applied to a
-string-valued variable, VALUE is expanded and appended to the
-variable's value.
+be used to append to or add to the variable's previous value. This
+includes arguments to builtin commands such as `declare' that accept
+assignment statements (DECLARATION commands). When `+=' is applied to
+a variable for which the INTEGER attribute has been set, VALUE is
+evaluated as an arithmetic expression and added to the variable's
+current value, which is also evaluated. When `+=' is applied to an
+array variable using compound assignment (*note Arrays::), the
+variable's value is not unset (as it is when using `='), and new values
+are appended to the array beginning at one greater than the array's
+maximum index (for indexed arrays), or added as additional key-value
+pairs in an associative array. When applied to a string-valued
+variable, VALUE is expanded and appended to the variable's value.
+
+ A variable can be assigned the NAMEREF attribute using the `-n'
+option to the \fBdeclare\fP or \fBlocal\fP builtin commands (*note Bash
+Builtins::) to create a NAMEREF, or a reference to another variable.
+This allows variables to be manipulated indirectly. Whenever the
+nameref variable is referenced, assigned to, unset, or has its
+attributes modified (other than the nameref attribute itself), the
+operation is actually performed on the variable specified by the nameref
+variable's value. A nameref is commonly used within shell functions to
+refer to a variable whose name is passed as an argument to the function.
+For instance, if a variable name is passed to a shell function as its
+first argument, running
+ declare -n ref=$1
+ inside the function creates a nameref variable REF whose value is
+the variable name passed as the first argument. References and
+assignments to REF, and changes to its attributes, are treated as
+references, assignments, and attribute modifications to the variable
+whose name was passed as `$1'.
+
+ If the control variable in a `for' loop has the nameref attribute,
+the list of words can be a list of shell variables, and a name reference
+will be established for each word in the list, in turn, when the loop is
+executed. Array variables cannot be given the nameref attribute.
+However, nameref variables can reference array variables and subscripted
+array variables. Namerefs can be unset using the `-n' option to the
+`unset' builtin (*note Bourne Shell Builtins::). Otherwise, if `unset'
+is executed with the name of a nameref variable as an argument, the
+variable referenced by the nameref variable will be unset.
\1f
File: bash.info, Node: Positional Parameters, Next: Special Parameters, Up: Shell Parameters
only be referenced; assignment to them is not allowed.
`*'
- Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When the
- expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a single word
- with the value of each parameter separated by the first character
- of the `IFS' special variable. That is, `"$*"' is equivalent to
- `"$1C$2C..."', where C is the first character of the value of the
- `IFS' variable. If `IFS' is unset, the parameters are separated
- by spaces. If `IFS' is null, the parameters are joined without
- intervening separators.
+ ($*) Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one.
+ When the expansion is not within double quotes, each positional
+ parameter expands to a separate word. In contexts where it is
+ performed, those words are subject to further word splitting and
+ pathname expansion. When the expansion occurs within double
+ quotes, it expands to a single word with the value of each
+ parameter separated by the first character of the `IFS' special
+ variable. That is, `"$*"' is equivalent to `"$1C$2C..."', where C
+ is the first character of the value of the `IFS' variable. If
+ `IFS' is unset, the parameters are separated by spaces. If `IFS'
+ is null, the parameters are joined without intervening separators.
`@'
- Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When the
- expansion occurs within double quotes, each parameter expands to a
- separate word. That is, `"$@"' is equivalent to `"$1" "$2" ...'.
- If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word, the expansion
- of the first parameter is joined with the beginning part of the
- original word, and the expansion of the last parameter is joined
- with the last part of the original word. When there are no
- positional parameters, `"$@"' and `$@' expand to nothing (i.e.,
- they are removed).
+ ($@) Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one.
+ When the expansion occurs within double quotes, each parameter
+ expands to a separate word. That is, `"$@"' is equivalent to
+ `"$1" "$2" ...'. If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a
+ word, the expansion of the first parameter is joined with the
+ beginning part of the original word, and the expansion of the last
+ parameter is joined with the last part of the original word. When
+ there are no positional parameters, `"$@"' and `$@' expand to
+ nothing (i.e., they are removed).
`#'
- Expands to the number of positional parameters in decimal.
+ ($#) Expands to the number of positional parameters in decimal.
`?'
- Expands to the exit status of the most recently executed foreground
- pipeline.
+ ($?) Expands to the exit status of the most recently executed
+ foreground pipeline.
`-'
- (A hyphen.) Expands to the current option flags as specified upon
- invocation, by the `set' builtin command, or those set by the
+ ($-, a hyphen.) Expands to the current option flags as specified
+ upon invocation, by the `set' builtin command, or those set by the
shell itself (such as the `-i' option).
`$'
- Expands to the process ID of the shell. In a `()' subshell, it
- expands to the process ID of the invoking shell, not the subshell.
+ ($$) Expands to the process ID of the shell. In a `()' subshell,
+ it expands to the process ID of the invoking shell, not the
+ subshell.
`!'
- Expands to the process ID of the most recently executed background
- (asynchronous) command.
+ ($!) Expands to the process ID of the job most recently placed
+ into the background, whether executed as an asynchronous command
+ or using the `bg' builtin (*note Job Control Builtins::).
`0'
- Expands to the name of the shell or shell script. This is set at
- shell initialization. If Bash is invoked with a file of commands
- (*note Shell Scripts::), `$0' is set to the name of that file. If
- Bash is started with the `-c' option (*note Invoking Bash::), then
- `$0' is set to the first argument after the string to be executed,
- if one is present. Otherwise, it is set to the filename used to
- invoke Bash, as given by argument zero.
+ ($0) Expands to the name of the shell or shell script. This is
+ set at shell initialization. If Bash is invoked with a file of
+ commands (*note Shell Scripts::), `$0' is set to the name of that
+ file. If Bash is started with the `-c' option (*note Invoking
+ Bash::), then `$0' is set to the first argument after the string
+ to be executed, if one is present. Otherwise, it is set to the
+ filename used to invoke Bash, as given by argument zero.
`_'
- (An underscore.) At shell startup, set to the absolute pathname
- used to invoke the shell or shell script being executed as passed
- in the environment or argument list. Subsequently, expands to the
- last argument to the previous command, after expansion. Also set
- to the full pathname used to invoke each command executed and
- placed in the environment exported to that command. When checking
- mail, this parameter holds the name of the mail file.
+ ($_, an underscore.) At shell startup, set to the absolute
+ pathname used to invoke the shell or shell script being executed
+ as passed in the environment or argument list. Subsequently,
+ expands to the last argument to the previous command, after
+ expansion. Also set to the full pathname used to invoke each
+ command executed and placed in the environment exported to that
+ command. When checking mail, this parameter holds the name of the
+ mail file.
\1f
File: bash.info, Node: Shell Expansions, Next: Redirections, Prev: Shell Parameters, Up: Basic Shell Features
Expansion is performed on the command line after it has been split into
`token's. There are seven kinds of expansion performed:
+
* brace expansion
* tilde expansion
* Quote Removal:: How and when quote characters are removed from
words.
- The order of expansions is: brace expansion, tilde expansion,
-parameter, variable, and arithmetic expansion and command substitution
-(done in a left-to-right fashion), word splitting, and filename
-expansion.
+ The order of expansions is: brace expansion; tilde expansion,
+parameter and variable expansion, arithmetic expansion, and command
+substitution (done in a left-to-right fashion); word splitting; and
+filename expansion.
On systems that can support it, there is an additional expansion
available: PROCESS SUBSTITUTION. This is performed at the same time as
-parameter, variable, and arithmetic expansion and command substitution.
+tilde, parameter, variable, and arithmetic expansion and command
+substitution.
Only brace expansion, word splitting, and filename expansion can
change the number of words of the expansion; other expansions expand a
Brace expansion is a mechanism by which arbitrary strings may be
generated. This mechanism is similar to FILENAME EXPANSION (*note
-Filename Expansion::), but the file names generated need not exist.
+Filename Expansion::), but the filenames generated need not exist.
Patterns to be brace expanded take the form of an optional PREAMBLE,
-followed by either a series of comma-separated strings or a seqeunce
+followed by either a series of comma-separated strings or a sequence
expression between a pair of braces, followed by an optional POSTSCRIPT.
The preamble is prefixed to each string contained within the braces, and
the postscript is then appended to each resulting string, expanding left
When either X or Y begins with a zero, the shell attempts to force all
generated terms to contain the same number of digits, zero-padding
where necessary. When characters are supplied, the expression expands
-to each character lexicographically between X and Y, inclusive. Note
-that both X and Y must be of the same type. When the increment is
-supplied, it is used as the difference between each term. The default
-increment is 1 or -1 as appropriate.
+to each character lexicographically between X and Y, inclusive, using
+the default C locale. Note that both X and Y must be of the same type.
+When the increment is supplied, it is used as the difference between
+each term. The default increment is 1 or -1 as appropriate.
Brace expansion is performed before any other expansions, and any
characters special to other expansions are preserved in the result. It
Each variable assignment is checked for unquoted tilde-prefixes
immediately following a `:' or the first `='. In these cases, tilde
-expansion is also performed. Consequently, one may use file names with
+expansion is also performed. Consequently, one may use filenames with
tildes in assignments to `PATH', `MAILPATH', and `CDPATH', and the
shell assigns the expanded value.
`~-N'
The string that would be displayed by `dirs -N'
-
\1f
File: bash.info, Node: Shell Parameter Expansion, Next: Command Substitution, Prev: Tilde Expansion, Up: Shell Expansions
expansion.
The basic form of parameter expansion is ${PARAMETER}. The value of
-PARAMETER is substituted. The braces are required when PARAMETER is a
-positional parameter with more than one digit, or when PARAMETER is
-followed by a character that is not to be interpreted as part of its
-name.
-
- If the first character of PARAMETER is an exclamation point, a level
-of variable indirection is introduced. Bash uses the value of the
+PARAMETER is substituted. The PARAMETER is a shell parameter as
+described above (*note Shell Parameters::) or an array reference (*note
+Arrays::). The braces are required when PARAMETER is a positional
+parameter with more than one digit, or when PARAMETER is followed by a
+character that is not to be interpreted as part of its name.
+
+ If the first character of PARAMETER is an exclamation point (!), it
+introduces a level of variable indirection. Bash uses the value of the
variable formed from the rest of PARAMETER as the name of the variable;
this variable is then expanded and that value is used in the rest of
the substitution, rather than the value of PARAMETER itself. This is
parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion.
When not performing substring expansion, using the form described
-below, Bash tests for a parameter that is unset or null. Omitting the
-colon results in a test only for a parameter that is unset. Put
-another way, if the colon is included, the operator tests for both
+below (e.g., `:-'), Bash tests for a parameter that is unset or null.
+Omitting the colon results in a test only for a parameter that is unset.
+Put another way, if the colon is included, the operator tests for both
PARAMETER's existence and that its value is not null; if the colon is
omitted, the operator tests only for existence.
`${PARAMETER:OFFSET}'
`${PARAMETER:OFFSET:LENGTH}'
- Expands to up to LENGTH characters of PARAMETER starting at the
- character specified by OFFSET. If LENGTH is omitted, expands to
- the substring of PARAMETER starting at the character specified by
- OFFSET. LENGTH and OFFSET are arithmetic expressions (*note Shell
- Arithmetic::). This is referred to as Substring Expansion.
+ This is referred to as Substring Expansion. It expands to up to
+ LENGTH characters of the value of PARAMETER starting at the
+ character specified by OFFSET. If PARAMETER is `@', an indexed
+ array subscripted by `@' or `*', or an associative array name, the
+ results differ as described below. If LENGTH is omitted, it
+ expands to the substring of the value of PARAMETER starting at the
+ character specified by OFFSET and extending to the end of the
+ value. LENGTH and OFFSET are arithmetic expressions (*note Shell
+ Arithmetic::).
- LENGTH must evaluate to a number greater than or equal to zero.
If OFFSET evaluates to a number less than zero, the value is used
- as an offset from the end of the value of PARAMETER. If PARAMETER
- is `@', the result is LENGTH positional parameters beginning at
- OFFSET. If PARAMETER is an indexed array name subscripted by `@'
- or `*', the result is the LENGTH members of the array beginning
- with `${PARAMETER[OFFSET]}'. A negative OFFSET is taken relative
- to one greater than the maximum index of the specified array.
+ as an offset in characters from the end of the value of PARAMETER.
+ If LENGTH evaluates to a number less than zero, it is interpreted
+ as an offset in characters from the end of the value of PARAMETER
+ rather than a number of characters, and the expansion is the
+ characters between OFFSET and that result. Note that a negative
+ offset must be separated from the colon by at least one space to
+ avoid being confused with the `:-' expansion.
+
+ Here are some examples illustrating substring expansion on
+ parameters and subscripted arrays:
+
+ $ string=01234567890abcdefgh
+ $ echo ${string:7}
+ 7890abcdefgh
+ $ echo ${string:7:0}
+
+ $ echo ${string:7:2}
+ 78
+ $ echo ${string:7:-2}
+ 7890abcdef
+ $ echo ${string: -7}
+ bcdefgh
+ $ echo ${string: -7:0}
+
+ $ echo ${string: -7:2}
+ bc
+ $ echo ${string: -7:-2}
+ bcdef
+ $ set -- 01234567890abcdefgh
+ $ echo ${1:7}
+ 7890abcdefgh
+ $ echo ${1:7:0}
+
+ $ echo ${1:7:2}
+ 78
+ $ echo ${1:7:-2}
+ 7890abcdef
+ $ echo ${1: -7}
+ bcdefgh
+ $ echo ${1: -7:0}
+
+ $ echo ${1: -7:2}
+ bc
+ $ echo ${1: -7:-2}
+ bcdef
+ $ array[0]=01234567890abcdefgh
+ $ echo ${array[0]:7}
+ 7890abcdefgh
+ $ echo ${array[0]:7:0}
+
+ $ echo ${array[0]:7:2}
+ 78
+ $ echo ${array[0]:7:-2}
+ 7890abcdef
+ $ echo ${array[0]: -7}
+ bcdefgh
+ $ echo ${array[0]: -7:0}
+
+ $ echo ${array[0]: -7:2}
+ bc
+ $ echo ${array[0]: -7:-2}
+ bcdef
+
+ If PARAMETER is `@', the result is LENGTH positional parameters
+ beginning at OFFSET. A negative OFFSET is taken relative to one
+ greater than the greatest positional parameter, so an offset of -1
+ evaluates to the last positional parameter. It is an expansion
+ error if LENGTH evaluates to a number less than zero.
+
+ The following examples illustrate substring expansion using
+ positional parameters:
+
+ $ set -- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 a b c d e f g h
+ $ echo ${@:7}
+ 7 8 9 0 a b c d e f g h
+ $ echo ${@:7:0}
+
+ $ echo ${@:7:2}
+ 7 8
+ $ echo ${@:7:-2}
+ bash: -2: substring expression < 0
+ $ echo ${@: -7:2}
+ b c
+ $ echo ${@:0}
+ ./bash 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 a b c d e f g h
+ $ echo ${@:0:2}
+ ./bash 1
+ $ echo ${@: -7:0}
+
+ If PARAMETER is an indexed array name subscripted by `@' or `*',
+ the result is the LENGTH members of the array beginning with
+ `${PARAMETER[OFFSET]}'. A negative OFFSET is taken relative to
+ one greater than the maximum index of the specified array. It is
+ an expansion error if LENGTH evaluates to a number less than zero.
+
+ These examples show how you can use substring expansion with
+ indexed arrays:
+
+ $ array=(0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 a b c d e f g h)
+ $ echo ${array[@]:7}
+ 7 8 9 0 a b c d e f g h
+ $ echo ${array[@]:7:2}
+ 7 8
+ $ echo ${array[@]: -7:2}
+ b c
+ $ echo ${array[@]: -7:-2}
+ bash: -2: substring expression < 0
+ $ echo ${array[@]:0}
+ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 a b c d e f g h
+ $ echo ${array[@]:0:2}
+ 0 1
+ $ echo ${array[@]: -7:0}
+
Substring expansion applied to an associative array produces
undefined results.
- Note that a negative offset must be separated from the colon by at
- least one space to avoid being confused with the `:-' expansion.
Substring indexing is zero-based unless the positional parameters
are used, in which case the indexing starts at 1 by default. If
OFFSET is 0, and the positional parameters are used, `$@' is
substituted. If PARAMETER is `*' or `@', the value substituted is
the number of positional parameters. If PARAMETER is an array
name subscripted by `*' or `@', the value substituted is the
- number of elements in the array.
+ number of elements in the array. If PARAMETER is an indexed array
+ name subscripted by a negative number, that number is interpreted
+ as relative to one greater than the maximum index of PARAMETER, so
+ negative indices count back from the end of the array, and an
+ index of -1 references the last element.
`${PARAMETER#WORD}'
`${PARAMETER##WORD}'
`${PARAMETER,,PATTERN}'
This expansion modifies the case of alphabetic characters in
PARAMETER. The PATTERN is expanded to produce a pattern just as in
- filename expansion. The `^' operator converts lowercase letters
- matching PATTERN to uppercase; the `,' operator converts matching
- uppercase letters to lowercase. The `^^' and `,,' expansions
- convert each matched character in the expanded value; the `^' and
- `,' expansions match and convert only the first character in the
- expanded value. If PATTERN is omitted, it is treated like a `?',
- which matches every character. If PARAMETER is `@' or `*', the
- case modification operation is applied to each positional
- parameter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list. If
- PARAMETER is an array variable subscripted with `@' or `*', the
- case modification operation is applied to each member of the array
- in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
-
+ filename expansion. Each character in the expanded value of
+ PARAMETER is tested against PATTERN, and, if it matches the
+ pattern, its case is converted. The pattern should not attempt to
+ match more than one character. The `^' operator converts
+ lowercase letters matching PATTERN to uppercase; the `,' operator
+ converts matching uppercase letters to lowercase. The `^^' and
+ `,,' expansions convert each matched character in the expanded
+ value; the `^' and `,' expansions match and convert only the first
+ character in the expanded value. If PATTERN is omitted, it is
+ treated like a `?', which matches every character. If PARAMETER
+ is `@' or `*', the case modification operation is applied to each
+ positional parameter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant
+ list. If PARAMETER is an array variable subscripted with `@' or
+ `*', the case modification operation is applied to each member of
+ the array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
\1f
File: bash.info, Node: Command Substitution, Next: Arithmetic Expansion, Prev: Shell Parameter Expansion, Up: Shell Expansions
The expression is treated as if it were within double quotes, but a
double quote inside the parentheses is not treated specially. All
-tokens in the expression undergo parameter expansion, command
-substitution, and quote removal. Arithmetic expansions may be nested.
+tokens in the expression undergo parameter and variable expansion,
+command substitution, and quote removal. The result is treated as the
+arithmetic expression to be evaluated. Arithmetic expansions may be
+nested.
The evaluation is performed according to the rules listed below
(*note Shell Arithmetic::). If the expression is invalid, Bash prints
quotes for word splitting.
The shell treats each character of `$IFS' as a delimiter, and splits
-the results of the other expansions into words on these characters. If
-`IFS' is unset, or its value is exactly `<space><tab><newline>', the
-default, then sequences of ` <space>', `<tab>', and `<newline>' at the
-beginning and end of the results of the previous expansions are
-ignored, and any sequence of `IFS' characters not at the beginning or
-end serves to delimit words. If `IFS' has a value other than the
-default, then sequences of the whitespace characters `space' and `tab'
-are ignored at the beginning and end of the word, as long as the
-whitespace character is in the value of `IFS' (an `IFS' whitespace
-character). Any character in `IFS' that is not `IFS' whitespace, along
-with any adjacent `IFS' whitespace characters, delimits a field. A
-sequence of `IFS' whitespace characters is also treated as a delimiter.
-If the value of `IFS' is null, no word splitting occurs.
+the results of the other expansions into words using these characters
+as field terminators. If `IFS' is unset, or its value is exactly
+`<space><tab><newline>', the default, then sequences of ` <space>',
+`<tab>', and `<newline>' at the beginning and end of the results of the
+previous expansions are ignored, and any sequence of `IFS' characters
+not at the beginning or end serves to delimit words. If `IFS' has a
+value other than the default, then sequences of the whitespace
+characters `space' and `tab' are ignored at the beginning and end of the
+word, as long as the whitespace character is in the value of `IFS' (an
+`IFS' whitespace character). Any character in `IFS' that is not `IFS'
+whitespace, along with any adjacent `IFS' whitespace characters,
+delimits a field. A sequence of `IFS' whitespace characters is also
+treated as a delimiter. If the value of `IFS' is null, no word
+splitting occurs.
Explicit null arguments (`""' or `''') are retained. Unquoted
implicit null arguments, resulting from the expansion of parameters
After word splitting, unless the `-f' option has been set (*note The
Set Builtin::), Bash scans each word for the characters `*', `?', and
`['. If one of these characters appears, then the word is regarded as
-a PATTERN, and replaced with an alphabetically sorted list of file
-names matching the pattern. If no matching file names are found, and
-the shell option `nullglob' is disabled, the word is left unchanged.
-If the `nullglob' option is set, and no matches are found, the word is
-removed. If the `failglob' shell option is set, and no matches are
-found, an error message is printed and the command is not executed. If
-the shell option `nocaseglob' is enabled, the match is performed
-without regard to the case of alphabetic characters.
+a PATTERN, and replaced with an alphabetically sorted list of filenames
+matching the pattern (*note Pattern Matching::). If no matching
+filenames are found, and the shell option `nullglob' is disabled, the
+word is left unchanged. If the `nullglob' option is set, and no
+matches are found, the word is removed. If the `failglob' shell option
+is set, and no matches are found, an error message is printed and the
+command is not executed. If the shell option `nocaseglob' is enabled,
+the match is performed without regard to the case of alphabetic
+characters.
When a pattern is used for filename expansion, the character `.' at
the start of a filename or immediately following a slash must be
matched explicitly, unless the shell option `dotglob' is set. When
-matching a file name, the slash character must always be matched
+matching a filename, the slash character must always be matched
explicitly. In other cases, the `.' character is not treated specially.
See the description of `shopt' in *note The Shopt Builtin::, for a
`[...]'
Matches any one of the enclosed characters. A pair of characters
separated by a hyphen denotes a RANGE EXPRESSION; any character
- that sorts between those two characters, inclusive, using the
+ that falls between those two characters, inclusive, using the
current locale's collating sequence and character set, is matched.
If the first character following the `[' is a `!' or a `^' then
any character not enclosed is matched. A `-' may be matched by
including it as the first or last character in the set. A `]' may
be matched by including it as the first character in the set. The
sorting order of characters in range expressions is determined by
- the current locale and the value of the `LC_COLLATE' shell
- variable, if set.
+ the current locale and the values of the `LC_COLLATE' and `LC_ALL'
+ shell variables, if set.
For example, in the default C locale, `[a-dx-z]' is equivalent to
`[abcdxyz]'. Many locales sort characters in dictionary order,
example. To obtain the traditional interpretation of ranges in
bracket expressions, you can force the use of the C locale by
setting the `LC_COLLATE' or `LC_ALL' environment variable to the
- value `C'.
+ value `C', or enable the `globasciiranges' shell option.
Within `[' and `]', CHARACTER CLASSES can be specified using the
syntax `[:'CLASS`:]', where CLASS is one of the following classes
================
Before a command is executed, its input and output may be REDIRECTED
-using a special notation interpreted by the shell. Redirection may
-also be used to open and close files for the current shell execution
-environment. The following redirection operators may precede or appear
-anywhere within a simple command or may follow a command. Redirections
-are processed in the order they appear, from left to right.
+using a special notation interpreted by the shell. Redirection allows
+commands' file handles to be duplicated, opened, closed, made to refer
+to different files, and can change the files the command reads from and
+writes to. Redirection may also be used to modify file handles in the
+current shell execution environment. The following redirection
+operators may precede or appear anywhere within a simple command or may
+follow a command. Redirections are processed in the order they appear,
+from left to right.
Each redirection that may be preceded by a file descriptor number
may instead be preceded by a word of the form {VARNAME}. In this case,
for each redirection operator except >&- and <&-, the shell will
-allocate a file descriptor greater than 10 and assign it to
-\fIvarname\fP. If >&- or <&- is preceded by {VARNAME}, the value of
-{VARNAME} defines the file descriptor to close.
+allocate a file descriptor greater than 10 and assign it to {VARNAME}.
+If >&- or <&- is preceded by {VARNAME}, the value of VARNAME defines
+the file descriptor to close.
In the following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is
omitted, and the first character of the redirection operator is `<',
`/dev/tcp/HOST/PORT'
If HOST is a valid hostname or Internet address, and PORT is an
- integer port number or service name, Bash attempts to open a TCP
- connection to the corresponding socket.
+ integer port number or service name, Bash attempts to open the
+ corresponding TCP socket.
`/dev/udp/HOST/PORT'
If HOST is a valid hostname or Internet address, and PORT is an
- integer port number or service name, Bash attempts to open a UDP
- connection to the corresponding socket.
-
+ integer port number or service name, Bash attempts to open the
+ corresponding UDP socket.
A failure to open or create a file causes the redirection to fail.
Of the two forms, the first is preferred. This is semantically
equivalent to
>WORD 2>&1
+ When using the second form, WORD may not expand to a number or `-'.
+If it does, other redirection operators apply (see Duplicating File
+Descriptors below) for compatibility reasons.
3.6.5 Appending Standard Output and Standard Error
--------------------------------------------------
&>>WORD
This is semantically equivalent to
>>WORD 2>&1
+ (see Duplicating File Descriptors below).
3.6.6 Here Documents
--------------------
HERE-DOCUMENT
DELIMITER
- No parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic expansion,
-or filename expansion is performed on WORD. If any characters in WORD
-are quoted, the DELIMITER is the result of quote removal on WORD, and
-the lines in the here-document are not expanded. If WORD is unquoted,
-all lines of the here-document are subjected to parameter expansion,
-command substitution, and arithmetic expansion. In the latter case,
+ No parameter and variable expansion, command substitution,
+arithmetic expansion, or filename expansion is performed on WORD. If
+any characters in WORD are quoted, the DELIMITER is the result of quote
+removal on WORD, and the lines in the here-document are not expanded.
+If WORD is unquoted, all lines of the here-document are subjected to
+parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion,
the character sequence `\newline' is ignored, and `\' must be used to
quote the characters `\', `$', and ``'.
A variant of here documents, the format is:
<<< WORD
- The WORD is expanded and supplied to the command on its standard
-input.
+ The WORD undergoes brace expansion, tilde expansion, parameter and
+variable expansion, command substitution, arithmetic expansion, and
+quote removal. Pathname expansion and word splitting are not performed.
+The result is supplied as a single string to the command on its
+standard input.
3.6.8 Duplicating File Descriptors
----------------------------------
is used similarly to duplicate output file descriptors. If N is not
specified, the standard output (file descriptor 1) is used. If the
digits in WORD do not specify a file descriptor open for output, a
-redirection error occurs. As a special case, if N is omitted, and WORD
-does not expand to one or more digits, the standard output and standard
+redirection error occurs. If WORD evaluates to `-', file descriptor N
+is closed. As a special case, if N is omitted, and WORD does not
+expand to one or more digits or `-', the standard output and standard
error are redirected as described previously.
3.6.9 Moving File Descriptors
just those that precede the command name.
When Bash invokes an external command, the variable `$_' is set to
-the full path name of the command and passed to that command in its
+the full pathname of the command and passed to that command in its
environment.
\1f
WAITPID system call or equivalent function. Exit statuses fall between
0 and 255, though, as explained below, the shell may use values above
125 specially. Exit statuses from shell builtins and compound commands
-are also limited to this range. Under certain circumstances, the shell
+are also limited to this range. Under certain circumstances, the shell
will use special values to indicate specific failure modes.
For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a zero exit
All of the Bash builtins return an exit status of zero if they
succeed and a non-zero status on failure, so they may be used by the
conditional and list constructs. All builtins return an exit status of
-2 to indicate incorrect usage.
+2 to indicate incorrect usage, generally invalid options or missing
+arguments.
\1f
File: bash.info, Node: Signals, Prev: Exit Status, Up: Executing Commands
the Bourne Shell, as well as the builtin commands which are unique to
or have been extended in Bash.
- Several builtin commands are described in other chapters: builtin
+ Several builtin commands are described in other chapters: builtin
commands which provide the Bash interface to the job control facilities
(*note Job Control Builtins::), the directory stack (*note Directory
Stack Builtins::), the command history (*note Bash History Builtins::),
`: (a colon)'
: [ARGUMENTS]
+
Do nothing beyond expanding ARGUMENTS and performing redirections.
The return status is zero.
`. (a period)'
. FILENAME [ARGUMENTS]
+
Read and execute commands from the FILENAME argument in the
current shell context. If FILENAME does not contain a slash, the
`PATH' variable is used to find FILENAME. When Bash is not in
`break'
break [N]
+
Exit from a `for', `while', `until', or `select' loop. If N is
supplied, the Nth enclosing loop is exited. N must be greater
than or equal to 1. The return status is zero unless N is not
greater than or equal to 1.
`cd'
- cd [-L|-P] [DIRECTORY]
+ cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@] [DIRECTORY]
+
Change the current working directory to DIRECTORY. If DIRECTORY
- is not given, the value of the `HOME' shell variable is used. If
- the shell variable `CDPATH' exists, it is used as a search path.
+ is not supplied, the value of the `HOME' shell variable is used.
+ Any additional arguments following DIRECTORY are ignored. If the
+ shell variable `CDPATH' exists, it is used as a search path: each
+ directory name in `CDPATH' is searched for DIRECTORY, with
+ alternative directory names in `CDPATH' separated by a colon (`:').
If DIRECTORY begins with a slash, `CDPATH' is not used.
- The `-P' option means to not follow symbolic links; symbolic links
- are followed by default or with the `-L' option. If DIRECTORY is
- `-', it is equivalent to `$OLDPWD'.
+ The `-P' option means to not follow symbolic links: symbolic links
+ are resolved while `cd' is traversing DIRECTORY and before
+ processing an instance of `..' in DIRECTORY.
+
+ By default, or when the `-L' option is supplied, symbolic links in
+ DIRECTORY are resolved after `cd' processes an instance of `..' in
+ DIRECTORY.
+
+ If `..' appears in DIRECTORY, it is processed by removing the
+ immediately preceding pathname component, back to a slash or the
+ beginning of DIRECTORY.
+
+ If the `-e' option is supplied with `-P' and the current working
+ directory cannot be successfully determined after a successful
+ directory change, `cd' will return an unsuccessful status.
+
+ On systems that support it, the `-@' option presents the extended
+ attributes associated with a file as a directory.
+
+ If DIRECTORY is `-', it is converted to `$OLDPWD' before the
+ directory change is attempted.
If a non-empty directory name from `CDPATH' is used, or if `-' is
the first argument, and the directory change is successful, the
`continue'
continue [N]
+
Resume the next iteration of an enclosing `for', `while', `until',
or `select' loop. If N is supplied, the execution of the Nth
enclosing loop is resumed. N must be greater than or equal to 1.
`eval'
eval [ARGUMENTS]
+
The arguments are concatenated together into a single command,
which is then read and executed, and its exit status returned as
the exit status of `eval'. If there are no arguments or only
`exec'
exec [-cl] [-a NAME] [COMMAND [ARGUMENTS]]
+
If COMMAND is supplied, it replaces the shell without creating a
new process. If the `-l' option is supplied, the shell places a
dash at the beginning of the zeroth argument passed to COMMAND.
This is what the `login' program does. The `-c' option causes
COMMAND to be executed with an empty environment. If `-a' is
supplied, the shell passes NAME as the zeroth argument to COMMAND.
- If no COMMAND is specified, redirections may be used to affect the
- current shell environment. If there are no redirection errors, the
- return status is zero; otherwise the return status is non-zero.
+ If COMMAND cannot be executed for some reason, a non-interactive
+ shell exits, unless the `execfail' shell option is enabled. In
+ that case, it returns failure. An interactive shell returns
+ failure if the file cannot be executed. If no COMMAND is
+ specified, redirections may be used to affect the current shell
+ environment. If there are no redirection errors, the return
+ status is zero; otherwise the return status is non-zero.
`exit'
exit [N]
+
Exit the shell, returning a status of N to the shell's parent. If
N is omitted, the exit status is that of the last command executed.
Any trap on `EXIT' is executed before the shell terminates.
`export'
export [-fn] [-p] [NAME[=VALUE]]
+
Mark each NAME to be passed to child processes in the environment.
If the `-f' option is supplied, the NAMEs refer to shell
functions; otherwise the names refer to shell variables. The `-n'
option means to no longer mark each NAME for export. If no NAMES
- are supplied, or if the `-p' option is given, a list of exported
- names is displayed. The `-p' option displays output in a form
- that may be reused as input. If a variable name is followed by
- =VALUE, the value of the variable is set to VALUE.
+ are supplied, or if the `-p' option is given, a list of names of
+ all exported variables is displayed. The `-p' option displays
+ output in a form that may be reused as input. If a variable name
+ is followed by =VALUE, the value of the variable is set to VALUE.
The return status is zero unless an invalid option is supplied,
one of the names is not a valid shell variable name, or `-f' is
`getopts'
getopts OPTSTRING NAME [ARGS]
+
`getopts' is used by shell scripts to parse positional parameters.
OPTSTRING contains the option characters to be recognized; if a
character is followed by a colon, the option is expected to have an
- argument, which should be separated from it by white space. The
+ argument, which should be separated from it by whitespace. The
colon (`:') and question mark (`?') may not be used as option
characters. Each time it is invoked, `getopts' places the next
option in the shell variable NAME, initializing NAME if it does
When the end of options is encountered, `getopts' exits with a
return value greater than zero. `OPTIND' is set to the index of
- the first non-option argument, and `name' is set to `?'.
+ the first non-option argument, and NAME is set to `?'.
`getopts' normally parses the positional parameters, but if more
arguments are given in ARGS, `getopts' parses those instead.
`getopts' can report errors in two ways. If the first character of
OPTSTRING is a colon, SILENT error reporting is used. In normal
- operation diagnostic messages are printed when invalid options or
+ operation, diagnostic messages are printed when invalid options or
missing option arguments are encountered. If the variable `OPTERR'
is set to 0, no error messages will be displayed, even if the first
character of `optstring' is not a colon.
`hash'
hash [-r] [-p FILENAME] [-dt] [NAME]
- Remember the full pathnames of commands specified as NAME
- arguments, so they need not be searched for on subsequent
- invocations. The commands are found by searching through the
- directories listed in `$PATH'. The `-p' option inhibits the path
- search, and FILENAME is used as the location of NAME. The `-r'
- option causes the shell to forget all remembered locations. The
- `-d' option causes the shell to forget the remembered location of
- each NAME. If the `-t' option is supplied, the full pathname to
- which each NAME corresponds is printed. If multiple NAME
- arguments are supplied with `-t' the NAME is printed before the
- hashed full pathname. The `-l' option causes output to be
- displayed in a format that may be reused as input. If no
+
+ Each time `hash' is invoked, it remembers the full pathnames of the
+ commands specified as NAME arguments, so they need not be searched
+ for on subsequent invocations. The commands are found by
+ searching through the directories listed in `$PATH'. Any
+ previously-remembered pathname is discarded. The `-p' option
+ inhibits the path search, and FILENAME is used as the location of
+ NAME. The `-r' option causes the shell to forget all remembered
+ locations. The `-d' option causes the shell to forget the
+ remembered location of each NAME. If the `-t' option is supplied,
+ the full pathname to which each NAME corresponds is printed. If
+ multiple NAME arguments are supplied with `-t' the NAME is printed
+ before the hashed full pathname. The `-l' option causes output to
+ be displayed in a format that may be reused as input. If no
arguments are given, or if only `-l' is supplied, information
about remembered commands is printed. The return status is zero
unless a NAME is not found or an invalid option is supplied.
`pwd'
pwd [-LP]
+
Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory. If
the `-P' option is supplied, the pathname printed will not contain
symbolic links. If the `-L' option is supplied, the pathname
current directory or an invalid option is supplied.
`readonly'
- readonly [-aApf] [NAME[=VALUE]] ...
+ readonly [-aAf] [-p] [NAME[=VALUE]] ...
+
Mark each NAME as readonly. The values of these names may not be
changed by subsequent assignment. If the `-f' option is supplied,
each NAME refers to a shell function. The `-a' option means each
NAME refers to an indexed array variable; the `-A' option means
- each NAME refers to an associative array variable. If no NAME
- arguments are given, or if the `-p' option is supplied, a list of
- all readonly names is printed. The `-p' option causes output to
- be displayed in a format that may be reused as input. If a
- variable name is followed by =VALUE, the value of the variable is
- set to VALUE. The return status is zero unless an invalid option
- is supplied, one of the NAME arguments is not a valid shell
- variable or function name, or the `-f' option is supplied with a
- name that is not a shell function.
+ each NAME refers to an associative array variable. If both
+ options are supplied, `-A' takes precedence. If no NAME arguments
+ are given, or if the `-p' option is supplied, a list of all
+ readonly names is printed. The other options may be used to
+ restrict the output to a subset of the set of readonly names. The
+ `-p' option causes output to be displayed in a format that may be
+ reused as input. If a variable name is followed by =VALUE, the
+ value of the variable is set to VALUE. The return status is zero
+ unless an invalid option is supplied, one of the NAME arguments is
+ not a valid shell variable or function name, or the `-f' option is
+ supplied with a name that is not a shell function.
`return'
return [N]
- Cause a shell function to exit with the return value N. If N is
- not supplied, the return value is the exit status of the last
- command executed in the function. This may also be used to
- terminate execution of a script being executed with the `.' (or
- `source') builtin, returning either N or the exit status of the
- last command executed within the script as the exit status of the
- script. Any command associated with the `RETURN' trap is executed
- before execution resumes after the function or script. The return
- status is non-zero if `return' is used outside a function and not
- during the execution of a script by `.' or `source'.
+
+ Cause a shell function to stop executing and return the value N to
+ its caller. If N is not supplied, the return value is the exit
+ status of the last command executed in the function. If `return'
+ is executed by a trap handler, the last command used to determine
+ the status is the last command executed before the trap handler.
+ if `return' is executed during a `DEBUG' trap, the last command
+ used to determine the status is the last command executed by the
+ trap handler before `return' was invoked. `return' may also be
+ used to terminate execution of a script being executed with the
+ `.' (`source') builtin, returning either N or the exit status of
+ the last command executed within the script as the exit status of
+ the script. If N is supplied, the return value is its least
+ significant 8 bits. Any command associated with the `RETURN' trap
+ is executed before execution resumes after the function or script.
+ The return status is non-zero if `return' is supplied a non-numeric
+ argument or is used outside a function and not during the
+ execution of a script by `.' or `source'.
`shift'
shift [N]
+
Shift the positional parameters to the left by N. The positional
parameters from N+1 ... `$#' are renamed to `$1' ... `$#'-N.
Parameters represented by the numbers `$#' to `$#'-N+1 are unset.
`test'
`['
- Evaluate a conditional expression EXPR. Each operator and operand
- must be a separate argument. Expressions are composed of the
- primaries described below in *note Bash Conditional Expressions::.
- `test' does not accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore
- an argument of `--' as signifying the end of options.
+ test EXPR
+
+ Evaluate a conditional express ion EXPR and return a status of 0
+ (true) or 1 (false). Each operator and operand must be a separate
+ argument. Expressions are composed of the primaries described
+ below in *note Bash Conditional Expressions::. `test' does not
+ accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore an argument of
+ `--' as signifying the end of options.
When the `[' form is used, the last argument to the command must
be a `]'.
Expressions may be combined using the following operators, listed
in decreasing order of precedence. The evaluation depends on the
- number of arguments; see below.
+ number of arguments; see below. Operator precedence is used when
+ there are five or more arguments.
`! EXPR'
True if EXPR is false.
unary operator, the expression is false.
3 arguments
- If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
+ The following conditions are applied in the order listed. If
+ the second argument is one of the binary conditional
operators (*note Bash Conditional Expressions::), the result
of the expression is the result of the binary test using the
first and third arguments as operands. The `-a' and `-o'
The expression is parsed and evaluated according to precedence
using the rules listed above.
+ When used with `test' or `[', the `<' and `>' operators sort
+ lexicographically using ASCII ordering.
+
`times'
times
+
Print out the user and system times used by the shell and its
children. The return status is zero.
`trap'
trap [-lp] [ARG] [SIGSPEC ...]
+
The commands in ARG are to be read and executed when the shell
receives signal SIGSPEC. If ARG is absent (and there is a single
SIGSPEC) or equal to `-', each specified signal's disposition is
builtins finishes executing.
If a SIGSPEC is `ERR', the command ARG is executed whenever a
- simple command has a non-zero exit status, subject to the
- following conditions. The `ERR' trap is not executed if the
+ pipeline (which may consist of a single simple command), a list,
+ or a compound command returns a non-zero exit status, subject to
+ the following conditions. The `ERR' trap is not executed if the
failed command is part of the command list immediately following
an `until' or `while' keyword, part of the test following the `if'
or `elif' reserved words, part of a command executed in a `&&' or
- `||' list, or if the command's return status is being inverted
- using `!'. These are the same conditions obeyed by the `errexit'
- option.
+ `||' list except the command following the final `&&' or `||', any
+ command in a pipeline but the last, or if the command's return
+ status is being inverted using `!'. These are the same conditions
+ obeyed by the `errexit' (`-e') option.
Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.
Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to their
`umask'
umask [-p] [-S] [MODE]
+
Set the shell process's file creation mask to MODE. If MODE
begins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; if not,
it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted
results in permissions of `755'.
`unset'
- unset [-fv] [NAME]
- Each variable or function NAME is removed. If no options are
- supplied, or the `-v' option is given, each NAME refers to a shell
- variable. If the `-f' option is given, the NAMEs refer to shell
- functions, and the function definition is removed. Readonly
- variables and functions may not be unset. The return status is
- zero unless a NAME is readonly.
+ unset [-fnv] [NAME]
+
+ Remove each variable or function NAME. If the `-v' option is
+ given, each NAME refers to a shell variable and that variable is
+ remvoved. If the `-f' option is given, the NAMEs refer to shell
+ functions, and the function definition is removed. If the `-n'
+ option is supplied, and NAME is a variable with the NAMEREF
+ attribute, NAME will be unset rather than the variable it
+ references. `-n' has no effect if the `-f' option is supplied.
+ If no options are supplied, each NAME refers to a variable; if
+ there is no variable by that name, any function with that name is
+ unset. Readonly variables and functions may not be unset. The
+ return status is zero unless a NAME is readonly.
\1f
File: bash.info, Node: Bash Builtins, Next: Modifying Shell Behavior, Prev: Bourne Shell Builtins, Up: Shell Builtin Commands
POSIX standard.
`alias'
- alias [`-p'] [NAME[=VALUE] ...]
+ alias [-p] [NAME[=VALUE] ...]
Without arguments or with the `-p' option, `alias' prints the list
of aliases on the standard output in a form that allows them to be
Aliases::.
`bind'
- bind [-m KEYMAP] [-lpsvPSV]
+ bind [-m KEYMAP] [-lpsvPSVX]
bind [-m KEYMAP] [-q FUNCTION] [-u FUNCTION] [-r KEYSEQ]
bind [-m KEYMAP] -f FILENAME
bind [-m KEYMAP] -x KEYSEQ:SHELL-COMMAND
bind [-m KEYMAP] KEYSEQ:FUNCTION-NAME
- bind READLINE-COMMAND
+ bind [-m KEYMAP] KEYSEQ:READLINE-COMMAND
Display current Readline (*note Command Line Editing::) key and
function bindings, bind a key sequence to a Readline function or
changes the value of `READLINE_LINE' or `READLINE_POINT',
those new values will be reflected in the editing state.
+ `-X'
+ List all key sequences bound to shell commands and the
+ associated commands in a format that can be reused as input.
+
The return status is zero unless an invalid option is supplied or
an error occurs.
`builtin'
builtin [SHELL-BUILTIN [ARGS]]
+
Run a shell builtin, passing it ARGS, and return its exit status.
This is useful when defining a shell function with the same name
as a shell builtin, retaining the functionality of the builtin
`caller'
caller [EXPR]
+
Returns the context of any active subroutine call (a shell
function or a script executed with the `.' or `source' builtins).
`command'
command [-pVv] COMMAND [ARGUMENTS ...]
+
Runs COMMAND with ARGUMENTS ignoring any shell function named
COMMAND. Only shell builtin commands or commands found by
searching the `PATH' are executed. If there is a shell function
non-zero if not.
`declare'
- declare [-aAfFilrtux] [-p] [NAME[=VALUE] ...]
+ declare [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] [NAME[=VALUE] ...]
Declare variables and give them attributes. If no NAMEs are
given, then display the values of variables instead.
The `-p' option will display the attributes and values of each
- NAME. When `-p' is used with NAME arguments, additional options
- are ignored.
+ NAME. When `-p' is used with NAME arguments, additional options,
+ other than `-f' and `-F', are ignored.
When `-p' is supplied without NAME arguments, `declare' will
display the attributes and values of all variables having the
the function name and attributes are printed. If the `extdebug'
shell option is enabled using `shopt' (*note The Shopt Builtin::),
the source file name and line number where the function is defined
- are displayed as well. `-F' implies `-f'. The following options
- can be used to restrict output to variables with the specified
- attributes or to give variables attributes:
+ are displayed as well. `-F' implies `-f'.
+
+ The `-g' option forces variables to be created or modified at the
+ global scope, even when `declare' is executed in a shell function.
+ It is ignored in all other cases.
+
+ The following options can be used to restrict output to variables
+ with the specified attributes or to give variables attributes:
`-a'
Each NAME is an indexed array variable (*note Arrays::).
characters are converted to lower-case. The upper-case
attribute is disabled.
+ `-n'
+ Give each NAME the NAMEREF attribute, making it a name
+ reference to another variable. That other variable is
+ defined by the value of NAME. All references, assignments,
+ and attribute modifications to NAME, except for changing the
+ `-n' attribute itself, are performed on the variable
+ referenced by NAME's value. The nameref attribute cannot be
+ applied to array variables.
+
`-r'
Make NAMEs readonly. These names cannot then be assigned
values by subsequent assignment statements or unset.
exceptions that `+a' may not be used to destroy an array variable
and `+r' will not remove the readonly attribute. When used in a
function, `declare' makes each NAME local, as with the `local'
- command. If a variable name is followed by =VALUE, the value of
- the variable is set to VALUE.
+ command, unless the `-g' option is used. If a variable name is
+ followed by =VALUE, the value of the variable is set to VALUE.
+
+ When using `-a' or `-A' and the compound assignment syntax to
+ create array variables, additional attributes do not take effect
+ until subsequent assignments.
The return status is zero unless an invalid option is encountered,
an attempt is made to define a function using `-f foo=bar', an
`echo'
echo [-neE] [ARG ...]
+
Output the ARGs, separated by spaces, terminated with a newline.
- The return status is always 0. If `-n' is specified, the trailing
- newline is suppressed. If the `-e' option is given,
- interpretation of the following backslash-escaped characters is
- enabled. The `-E' option disables the interpretation of these
- escape characters, even on systems where they are interpreted by
- default. The `xpg_echo' shell option may be used to dynamically
- determine whether or not `echo' expands these escape characters by
- default. `echo' does not interpret `--' to mean the end of
- options.
+ The return status is 0 unless a write error occurs. If `-n' is
+ specified, the trailing newline is suppressed. If the `-e' option
+ is given, interpretation of the following backslash-escaped
+ characters is enabled. The `-E' option disables the
+ interpretation of these escape characters, even on systems where
+ they are interpreted by default. The `xpg_echo' shell option may
+ be used to dynamically determine whether or not `echo' expands
+ these escape characters by default. `echo' does not interpret
+ `--' to mean the end of options.
`echo' interprets the following escape sequences:
`\a'
suppress further output
`\e'
+ `\E'
escape
`\f'
the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal value
HH (one or two hex digits)
+ `\uHHHH'
+ the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
+ hexadecimal value HHHH (one to four hex digits)
+
+ `\UHHHHHHHH'
+ the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
+ hexadecimal value HHHHHHHH (one to eight hex digits)
+
`enable'
enable [-a] [-dnps] [-f FILENAME] [NAME ...]
+
Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
allows a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin
to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though the
`help'
help [-dms] [PATTERN]
+
Display helpful information about builtin commands. If PATTERN is
specified, `help' gives detailed help on all commands matching
PATTERN, otherwise a list of the builtins is printed.
The return status is zero unless no command matches PATTERN.
`let'
- let EXPRESSION [EXPRESSION]
+ let EXPRESSION [EXPRESSION ...]
+
The `let' builtin allows arithmetic to be performed on shell
variables. Each EXPRESSION is evaluated according to the rules
given below in *note Shell Arithmetic::. If the last EXPRESSION
`local'
local [OPTION] NAME[=VALUE] ...
+
For each argument, a local variable named NAME is created, and
assigned VALUE. The OPTION can be any of the options accepted by
`declare'. `local' can only be used within a function; it makes
`logout'
logout [N]
+
Exit a login shell, returning a status of N to the shell's parent.
`mapfile'
- mapfile [-n COUNT] [-O ORIGIN] [-s COUNT] [-t] [-u FD] [
- -C CALLBACK] [-c QUANTUM] [ARRAY]
- Read lines from the standard input into array variable ARRAY, or
- from file descriptor FD if the `-u' option is supplied. The
- variable `MAPFILE' is the default ARRAY. Options, if supplied,
- have the following meanings:
+ mapfile [-d DELIM] [-n COUNT] [-O ORIGIN] [-s COUNT] [-t] [-u FD]
+ [-C CALLBACK] [-c QUANTUM] [ARRAY]
+
+ Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable
+ ARRAY, or from file descriptor FD if the `-u' option is supplied.
+ The variable `MAPFILE' is the default ARRAY. Options, if
+ supplied, have the following meanings:
+
+ `-d'
+ The first character of DELIM is used to terminate each input
+ line, rather than newline.
+
`-n'
Copy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are
copied.
Discard the first COUNT lines read.
`-t'
- Remove a trailing line from each line read.
+ Remove a trailing newline from each line read.
`-u'
Read lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard
If `-C' is specified without `-c', the default quantum is 5000.
When CALLBACK is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next
- array element to be assigned as an additional argument. CALLBACK
- is evaluated after the line is read but before the array element
- is assigned.
+ array element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that
+ element as additional arguments. CALLBACK is evaluated after the
+ line is read but before the array element is assigned.
If not supplied with an explicit origin, `mapfile' will clear ARRAY
before assigning to it.
`mapfile' returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
- argument is supplied, or ARRAY is invalid or unassignable.
+ argument is supplied, ARRAY is invalid or unassignable, or ARRAY
+ is not an indexed array.
`printf'
printf [-v VAR] FORMAT [ARGUMENTS]
+
Write the formatted ARGUMENTS to the standard output under the
- control of the FORMAT. The FORMAT is a character string which
- contains three types of objects: plain characters, which are
- simply copied to standard output, character escape sequences,
- which are converted and copied to the standard output, and format
- specifications, each of which causes printing of the next
- successive ARGUMENT. In addition to the standard `printf(1)'
- formats, `%b' causes `printf' to expand backslash escape sequences
- in the corresponding ARGUMENT, (except that `\c' terminates
- output, backslashes in `\'', `\"', and `\?' are not removed, and
- octal escapes beginning with `\0' may contain up to four digits),
- and `%q' causes `printf' to output the corresponding ARGUMENT in a
- format that can be reused as shell input.
-
- The `-v' option causes the output to be assigned to the variable
- VAR rather than being printed to the standard output.
+ control of the FORMAT. The `-v' option causes the output to be
+ assigned to the variable VAR rather than being printed to the
+ standard output.
+
+ The FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of
+ objects: plain characters, which are simply copied to standard
+ output, character escape sequences, which are converted and copied
+ to the standard output, and format specifications, each of which
+ causes printing of the next successive ARGUMENT. In addition to
+ the standard `printf(1)' formats, `printf' interprets the
+ following extensions:
+
+ `%b'
+ Causes `printf' to expand backslash escape sequences in the
+ corresponding ARGUMENT, except that `\c' terminates output,
+ backslashes in `\'', `\"', and `\?' are not removed, and
+ octal escapes beginning with `\0' may contain up to four
+ digits.
+
+ `%q'
+ Causes `printf' to output the corresponding ARGUMENT in a
+ format that can be reused as shell input.
+
+ `%(DATEFMT)T'
+ Causes `printf' to output the date-time string resulting from
+ using DATEFMT as a format string for `strftime'(3). The
+ corresponding ARGUMENT is an integer representing the number
+ of seconds since the epoch. Two special argument values may
+ be used: -1 represents the current time, and -2 represents
+ the time the shell was invoked. If no argument is specified,
+ conversion behaves as if -1 had been given. This is an
+ exception to the usual `printf' behavior.
+
+ Arguments to non-string format specifiers are treated as C
+ language constants, except that a leading plus or minus sign is
+ allowed, and if the leading character is a single or double quote,
+ the value is the ASCII value of the following character.
The FORMAT is reused as necessary to consume all of the ARGUMENTS.
If the FORMAT requires more ARGUMENTS than are supplied, the extra
success, non-zero on failure.
`read'
- read [-ers] [-a ANAME] [-d DELIM] [-i TEXT] [-n NCHARS] [-p PROMPT] [-t TIMEOUT] [-u FD] [NAME ...]
+ read [-ers] [-a ANAME] [-d DELIM] [-i TEXT] [-n NCHARS]
+ [-N NCHARS] [-p PROMPT] [-t TIMEOUT] [-u FD] [NAME ...]
+
One line is read from the standard input, or from the file
descriptor FD supplied as an argument to the `-u' option, and the
first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second word to the
separators assigned to the last NAME. If there are fewer words
read from the input stream than names, the remaining names are
assigned empty values. The characters in the value of the `IFS'
- variable are used to split the line into words. The backslash
- character `\' may be used to remove any special meaning for the
- next character read and for line continuation. If no names are
- supplied, the line read is assigned to the variable `REPLY'. The
- return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, `read'
- times out (in which case the return code is greater than 128), or
- an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to `-u'.
+ variable are used to split the line into words using the same
+ rules the shell uses for expansion (described above in *note Word
+ Splitting::). The backslash character `\' may be used to remove
+ any special meaning for the next character read and for line
+ continuation. If no names are supplied, the line read is assigned
+ to the variable `REPLY'. The return code is zero, unless
+ end-of-file is encountered, `read' times out (in which case the
+ return code is greater than 128), a variable assignment error
+ (such as assigning to a readonly variable) occurs, or an invalid
+ file descriptor is supplied as the argument to `-u'.
Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
`-n NCHARS'
`read' returns after reading NCHARS characters rather than
- waiting for a complete line of input.
+ waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a delimiter
+ if fewer than NCHARS characters are read before the delimiter.
+
+ `-N NCHARS'
+ `read' returns after reading exactly NCHARS characters rather
+ than waiting for a complete line of input, unless EOF is
+ encountered or `read' times out. Delimiter characters
+ encountered in the input are not treated specially and do not
+ cause `read' to return until NCHARS characters are read.
`-p PROMPT'
Display PROMPT, without a trailing newline, before attempting
`-t TIMEOUT'
Cause `read' to time out and return failure if a complete
- line of input is not read within TIMEOUT seconds. TIMEOUT
- may be a decimal number with a fractional portion following
- the decimal point. This option is only effective if `read'
- is reading input from a terminal, pipe, or other special
- file; it has no effect when reading from regular files. If
- TIMEOUT is 0, `read' returns success if input is available on
- the specified file descriptor, failure otherwise. The exit
+ line of input (or a specified number of characters) is not
+ read within TIMEOUT seconds. TIMEOUT may be a decimal
+ number with a fractional portion following the decimal point.
+ This option is only effective if `read' is reading input from
+ a terminal, pipe, or other special file; it has no effect
+ when reading from regular files. If `read' times out, `read'
+ saves any partial input read into the specified variable NAME.
+ If TIMEOUT is 0, `read' returns immediately, without trying to
+ read and data. The exit status is 0 if input is available on
+ the specified file descriptor, non-zero otherwise. The exit
status is greater than 128 if the timeout is exceeded.
`-u FD'
Read input from file descriptor FD.
-
`readarray'
- readarray [-n COUNT] [-O ORIGIN] [-s COUNT] [-t] [-u FD] [
- -C CALLBACK] [-c QUANTUM] [ARRAY]
- Read lines from the standard input into array variable ARRAY, or
- from file descriptor FD if the `-u' option is supplied.
+ readarray [-d DELIM] [-n COUNT] [-O ORIGIN] [-s COUNT] [-t] [-u FD]
+ [-C CALLBACK] [-c QUANTUM] [ARRAY]
+
+ Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable
+ ARRAY, or from file descriptor FD if the `-u' option is supplied.
A synonym for `mapfile'.
`source'
source FILENAME
+
A synonym for `.' (*note Bourne Shell Builtins::).
`type'
type [-afptP] [NAME ...]
+
For each NAME, indicate how it would be interpreted if used as a
command name.
The `-P' option forces a path search for each NAME, even if `-t'
would not return `file'.
- If a command is hashed, `-p' and `-P' print the hashed value, not
- necessarily the file that appears first in `$PATH'.
+ If a command is hashed, `-p' and `-P' print the hashed value,
+ which is not necessarily the file that appears first in `$PATH'.
If the `-a' option is used, `type' returns all of the places that
contain an executable named FILE. This includes aliases and
if any are not found.
`typeset'
- typeset [-afFrxi] [-p] [NAME[=VALUE] ...]
+ typeset [-afFgrxilnrtux] [-p] [NAME[=VALUE] ...]
+
The `typeset' command is supplied for compatibility with the Korn
- shell; however, it has been deprecated in favor of the `declare'
- builtin command.
+ shell. It is a synonym for the `declare' builtin command.
`ulimit'
ulimit [-abcdefilmnpqrstuvxHST] [LIMIT]
+
`ulimit' provides control over the resources available to processes
started by the shell, on systems that allow such control. If an
option is given, it is interpreted as follows:
+
`-S'
Change and report the soft limit associated with a resource.
The maximum number of processes available to a single user.
`-v'
- The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the process.
+ The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the shell,
+ and, on some systems, to its children.
`-x'
The maximum number of file locks.
`-T'
The maximum number of threads.
-
- If LIMIT is given, it is the new value of the specified resource;
- the special LIMIT values `hard', `soft', and `unlimited' stand for
- the current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit,
- respectively. A hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user
- once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up to the value of
- the hard limit. Otherwise, the current value of the soft limit
- for the specified resource is printed, unless the `-H' option is
- supplied. When setting new limits, if neither `-H' nor `-S' is
- supplied, both the hard and soft limits are set. If no option is
- given, then `-f' is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments,
- except for `-t', which is in seconds, `-p', which is in units of
- 512-byte blocks, and `-n' and `-u', which are unscaled values.
+ If LIMIT is given, and the `-a' option is not used, LIMIT is the
+ new value of the specified resource. The special LIMIT values
+ `hard', `soft', and `unlimited' stand for the current hard limit,
+ the current soft limit, and no limit, respectively. A hard limit
+ cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a soft
+ limit may be increased up to the value of the hard limit.
+ Otherwise, the current value of the soft limit for the specified
+ resource is printed, unless the `-H' option is supplied. When
+ setting new limits, if neither `-H' nor `-S' is supplied, both the
+ hard and soft limits are set. If no option is given, then `-f' is
+ assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for `-t',
+ which is in seconds; `-p', which is in units of 512-byte blocks;
+ and `-T', `-b', `-n' and `-u', which are unscaled values.
The return status is zero unless an invalid option or argument is
supplied, or an error occurs while setting a new limit.
Remove each NAME from the list of aliases. If `-a' is supplied,
all aliases are removed. Aliases are described in *note Aliases::.
-
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parameters, or to display the names and values of shell variables.
`set'
- set [--abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT] [-o OPTION] [ARGUMENT ...]
- set [+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT] [+o OPTION] [ARGUMENT ...]
+ set [--abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT] [-o OPTION-NAME] [ARGUMENT ...]
+ set [+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT] [+o OPTION-NAME] [ARGUMENT ...]
If no options or arguments are supplied, `set' displays the names
and values of all shell variables and functions, sorted according
`-e'
Exit immediately if a pipeline (*note Pipelines::), which may
consist of a single simple command (*note Simple Commands::),
- a subshell command enclosed in parentheses (*note Command
- Grouping::), or one of the commands executed as part of a
- command list enclosed by braces (*note Command Grouping::)
- returns a non-zero status. The shell does not exit if the
- command that fails is part of the command list immediately
- following a `while' or `until' keyword, part of the test in
- an `if' statement, part of any command executed in a `&&' or
- `||' list except the command following the final `&&' or `||',
- any command in a pipeline but the last, or if the command's
- return status is being inverted with `!'. A trap on `ERR',
- if set, is executed before the shell exits.
+ a list (*note Lists::), or a compound command (*note Compound
+ Commands::) returns a non-zero status. The shell does not
+ exit if the command that fails is part of the command list
+ immediately following a `while' or `until' keyword, part of
+ the test in an `if' statement, part of any command executed
+ in a `&&' or `||' list except the command following the final
+ `&&' or `||', any command in a pipeline but the last, or if
+ the command's return status is being inverted with `!'. If a
+ compound command other than a subshell returns a non-zero
+ status because a command failed while `-e' was being ignored,
+ the shell does not exit. A trap on `ERR', if set, is
+ executed before the shell exits.
This option applies to the shell environment and each
subshell environment separately (*note Command Execution
Environment::), and may cause subshells to exit before
executing all the commands in the subshell.
+ If a compound command or shell function executes in a context
+ where `-e' is being ignored, none of the commands executed
+ within the compound command or function body will be affected
+ by the `-e' setting, even if `-e' is set and a command
+ returns a failure status. If a compound command or shell
+ function sets `-e' while executing in a context where `-e' is
+ ignored, that setting will not have any effect until the
+ compound command or the command containing the function call
+ completes.
+
`-f'
Disable filename expansion (globbing).
the command name.
`-m'
- Job control is enabled (*note Job Control::).
+ Job control is enabled (*note Job Control::). All processes
+ run in a separate process group. When a background job
+ completes, the shell prints a line containing its exit status.
`-n'
- Read commands but do not execute them; this may be used to
+ Read commands but do not execute them. This may be used to
check a script for syntax errors. This option is ignored by
interactive shells.
shells.
`-P'
- If set, do not follow symbolic links when performing commands
- such as `cd' which change the current directory. The
- physical directory is used instead. By default, Bash follows
- the logical chain of directories when performing commands
- which change the current directory.
+ If set, do not resolve symbolic links when performing
+ commands such as `cd' which change the current directory.
+ The physical directory is used instead. By default, Bash
+ follows the logical chain of directories when performing
+ commands which change the current directory.
For example, if `/usr/sys' is a symbolic link to
`/usr/local/sys' then:
`shopt'
shopt [-pqsu] [-o] [OPTNAME ...]
- Toggle the values of variables controlling optional shell behavior.
- With no options, or with the `-p' option, a list of all settable
- options is displayed, with an indication of whether or not each is
- set. The `-p' option causes output to be displayed in a form that
- may be reused as input. Other options have the following meanings:
+
+ Toggle the values of settings controlling optional shell behavior.
+ The settings can be either those listed below, or, if the `-o'
+ option is used, those available with the `-o' option to the `set'
+ builtin command (*note The Set Builtin::). With no options, or
+ with the `-p' option, a list of all settable options is displayed,
+ with an indication of whether or not each is set. The `-p' option
+ causes output to be displayed in a form that may be reused as
+ input. Other options have the following meanings:
`-s'
Enable (set) each OPTNAME.
Restricts the values of OPTNAME to be those defined for the
`-o' option to the `set' builtin (*note The Set Builtin::).
- If either `-s' or `-u' is used with no OPTNAME arguments, the
- display is limited to those options which are set or unset,
- respectively.
+ If either `-s' or `-u' is used with no OPTNAME arguments, `shopt'
+ shows only those options which are set or unset, respectively.
Unless otherwise noted, the `shopt' options are disabled (off) by
default.
are stopped.
`checkwinsize'
- If set, Bash checks the window size after each command and,
+ If set, Bash checks the window size after each command and,
if necessary, updates the values of `LINES' and `COLUMNS'.
`cmdhist'
`compat31'
If set, Bash changes its behavior to that of version 3.1 with
- respect to quoted arguments to the conditional command's =~
- operator.
+ respect to quoted arguments to the conditional command's `=~'
+ operator and with respect to locale-specific string
+ comparison when using the `[[' conditional command's `<' and
+ `>' operators. Bash versions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII
+ collation and strcmp(3); bash-4.1 and later use the current
+ locale's collation sequence and strcoll(3).
+
+ `compat32'
+ If set, Bash changes its behavior to that of version 3.2 with
+ respect to locale-specific string comparison when using the
+ `[[' conditional command's `<' and `>' operators (see
+ previous item).
+
+ `compat40'
+ If set, Bash changes its behavior to that of version 4.0 with
+ respect to locale-specific string comparison when using the
+ `[[' conditional command's `<' and `>' operators (see
+ description of `compat31') and the effect of interrupting a
+ command list. Bash versions 4.0 and later interrupt the list
+ as if the shell received the interrupt; previous versions
+ continue with the next command in the list.
+
+ `compat41'
+ If set, Bash, when in POSIX mode, treats a single quote in a
+ double-quoted parameter expansion as a special character.
+ The single quotes must match (an even number) and the
+ characters between the single quotes are considered quoted.
+ This is the behavior of POSIX mode through version 4.1. The
+ default Bash behavior remains as in previous versions.
+
+ `compat42'
+ If set, Bash does not process the replacement string in the
+ pattern substitution word expansion using quote removal.
+
+ `complete_fullquote'
+ If set, Bash quotes all shell metacharacters in filenames and
+ directory names when performing completion. If not set, Bash
+ removes metacharacters such as the dollar sign from the set of
+ characters that will be quoted in completed filenames when
+ these metacharacters appear in shell variable references in
+ words to be completed. This means that dollar signs in
+ variable names that expand to directories will not be quoted;
+ however, any dollar signs appearing in filenames will not be
+ quoted, either. This is active only when bash is using
+ backslashes to quote completed filenames. This variable is
+ set by default, which is the default Bash behavior in
+ versions through 4.2.
+
+ `direxpand'
+ If set, Bash replaces directory names with the results of
+ word expansion when performing filename completion. This
+ changes the contents of the readline editing buffer. If not
+ set, Bash attempts to preserve what the user typed.
`dirspell'
If set, Bash attempts spelling correction on directory names
3. If the command run by the `DEBUG' trap returns a value
of 2, and the shell is executing in a subroutine (a
shell function or a shell script executed by the `.' or
- `source' builtins), a call to `return' is simulated.
+ `source' builtins), the shell simulates a call to
+ `return'.
4. `BASH_ARGC' and `BASH_ARGV' are updated as described in
their descriptions (*note Bash Variables::).
- 5. Function tracing is enabled: command substitution,
- shell functions, and subshells invoked with `( COMMAND
- )' inherit the `DEBUG' and `RETURN' traps.
+ 5. Function tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell
+ functions, and subshells invoked with `( COMMAND )'
+ inherit the `DEBUG' and `RETURN' traps.
- 6. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell
+ 6. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell
functions, and subshells invoked with `( COMMAND )'
- inherit the `ERROR' trap.
+ inherit the `ERR' trap.
`extglob'
If set, the extended pattern matching features described above
*Note Bash Variables::, for a description of `FIGNORE'. This
option is enabled by default.
+ `globasciiranges'
+ If set, range expressions used in pattern matching bracket
+ expressions (*note Pattern Matching::) behave as if in the
+ traditional C locale when performing comparisons. That is,
+ the current locale's collating sequence is not taken into
+ account, so `b' will not collate between `A' and `B', and
+ upper-case and lower-case ASCII characters will collate
+ together.
+
`globstar'
If set, the pattern `**' used in a filename expansion context
- will match a files and zero or more directories and
+ will match all files and zero or more directories and
subdirectories. If the pattern is followed by a `/', only
directories and subdirectories match.
remaining characters on that line to be ignored in an
interactive shell. This option is enabled by default.
+ `lastpipe'
+ If set, and job control is not active, the shell runs the
+ last command of a pipeline not executed in the background in
+ the current shell environment.
+
`lithist'
If enabled, and the `cmdhist' option is enabled, multi-line
commands are saved to the history with embedded newlines
`promptvars'
If set, prompt strings undergo parameter expansion, command
substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal after
- being expanded as described below (*note Printing a Prompt::).
- This option is enabled by default.
+ being expanded as described below (*note Controlling the
+ Prompt::). This option is enabled by default.
`restricted_shell'
The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode
the return status is zero unless an OPTNAME is not a valid shell
option.
-
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splits words as part of expansion.
`MAIL'
- If this parameter is set to a filename and the `MAILPATH' variable
- is not set, Bash informs the user of the arrival of mail in the
- specified file.
+ If this parameter is set to a filename or directory name and the
+ `MAILPATH' variable is not set, Bash informs the user of the
+ arrival of mail in the specified file or Maildir-format directory.
`MAILPATH'
A colon-separated list of filenames which the shell periodically
checks for new mail. Each list entry can specify the message that
is printed when new mail arrives in the mail file by separating
- the file name from the message with a `?'. When used in the text
+ the filename from the message with a `?'. When used in the text
of the message, `$_' expands to the name of the current mail file.
`OPTARG'
`PS1'
The primary prompt string. The default value is `\s-\v\$ '.
- *Note Printing a Prompt::, for the complete list of escape
+ *Note Controlling the Prompt::, for the complete list of escape
sequences that are expanded before `PS1' is displayed.
`PS2'
startup files. This variable is readonly.
`BASHPID'
- Expands to the process id of the current Bash process. This
+ Expands to the process ID of the current Bash process. This
differs from `$$' under certain circumstances, such as subshells
that do not require Bash to be re-initialized.
`BASH_ALIASES'
An associative array variable whose members correspond to the
- internal list of aliases as maintained by the `alias' builtin
+ internal list of aliases as maintained by the `alias' builtin.
(*note Bourne Shell Builtins::). Elements added to this array
appear in the alias list; unsetting array elements cause aliases
to be removed from the alias list.
unless the shell is executing a command as the result of a trap,
in which case it is the command executing at the time of the trap.
+`BASH_COMPAT'
+ The value is used to set the shell's compatibility level. *Note
+ The Shopt Builtin::, for a description of the various compatibility
+ levels and their effects. The value may be a decimal number
+ (e.g., 4.2) or an integer (e.g., 42) corresponding to the desired
+ compatibility level. If `BASH_COMPAT' is unset or set to the
+ empty string, the compatibility level is set to the default for
+ the current version. If `BASH_COMPAT' is set to a value that is
+ not one of the valid compatibility levels, the shell prints an
+ error message and sets the compatibility level to the default for
+ the current version. The valid compatibility levels correspond to
+ the compatibility options accepted by the `shopt' builtin
+ described above (for example, COMPAT42 means that 4.2 and 42 are
+ valid values). The current version is also a valid value.
+
`BASH_ENV'
If this variable is set when Bash is invoked to execute a shell
script, its value is expanded and used as the name of a startup
`BASH_LINENO'
An array variable whose members are the line numbers in source
- files corresponding to each member of FUNCNAME.
- `${BASH_LINENO[$i]}' is the line number in the source file where
- `${FUNCNAME[$i]}' was called (or `${BASH_LINENO[$i-1]}' if
- referenced within another shell function). The corresponding
- source file name is `${BASH_SOURCE[$i]}'. Use `LINENO' to obtain
- the current line number.
+ files where each corresponding member of FUNCNAME was invoked.
+ `${BASH_LINENO[$i]}' is the line number in the source file
+ (`${BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]}') where `${FUNCNAME[$i]}' was called (or
+ `${BASH_LINENO[$i-1]}' if referenced within another shell
+ function). Use `LINENO' to obtain the current line number.
`BASH_REMATCH'
An array variable whose members are assigned by the `=~' binary
parenthesized subexpression. This variable is read-only.
`BASH_SOURCE'
- An array variable whose members are the source filenames
- corresponding to the elements in the `FUNCNAME' array variable.
+ An array variable whose members are the source filenames where the
+ corresponding shell function names in the `FUNCNAME' array
+ variable are defined. The shell function `${FUNCNAME[$i]}' is
+ defined in the file `${BASH_SOURCE[$i]}' and called from
+ `${BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]}'
`BASH_SUBSHELL'
- Incremented by one each time a subshell or subshell environment is
- spawned. The initial value is 0.
+ Incremented by one within each subshell or subshell environment
+ when the shell begins executing in that environment. The initial
+ value is 0.
`BASH_VERSINFO'
A readonly array variable (*note Arrays::) whose members hold
`BASH_VERSINFO[5]'
The value of `MACHTYPE'.
-
`BASH_VERSION'
The version number of the current instance of Bash.
`BASH_XTRACEFD' to 2 (the standard error file descriptor) and then
unsetting it will result in the standard error being closed.
+`CHILD_MAX'
+ Set the number of exited child status values for the shell to
+ remember. Bash will not allow this value to be decreased below a
+ POSIX-mandated minimum, and there is a maximum value (currently
+ 8192) that this may not exceed. The minimum value is
+ system-dependent.
+
`COLUMNS'
- Used by the `select' builtin command to determine the terminal
- width when printing selection lists. Automatically set upon
- receipt of a `SIGWINCH'.
+ Used by the `select' command to determine the terminal width when
+ printing selection lists. Automatically set if the `checkwinsize'
+ option is enabled (*note The Shopt Builtin::), or in an
+ interactive shell upon receipt of a `SIGWINCH'.
`COMP_CWORD'
An index into `${COMP_WORDS}' of the word containing the current
`COMPREPLY'
An array variable from which Bash reads the possible completions
generated by a shell function invoked by the programmable
- completion facility (*note Programmable Completion::).
+ completion facility (*note Programmable Completion::). Each array
+ element contains one possible completion.
+
+`COPROC'
+ An array variable created to hold the file descriptors for output
+ from and input to an unnamed coprocess (*note Coprocesses::).
`DIRSTACK'
An array variable containing the current contents of the directory
`EMACS'
If Bash finds this variable in the environment when the shell
starts with value `t', it assumes that the shell is running in an
- emacs shell buffer and disables line editing.
+ Emacs shell buffer and disables line editing.
+
+`ENV'
+ Similar to `BASH_ENV'; used when the shell is invoked in POSIX
+ Mode (*note Bash POSIX Mode::).
`EUID'
The numeric effective user id of the current user. This variable
`FIGNORE'
A colon-separated list of suffixes to ignore when performing
- filename completion. A file name whose suffix matches one of the
- entries in `FIGNORE' is excluded from the list of matched file
- names. A sample value is `.o:~'
+ filename completion. A filename whose suffix matches one of the
+ entries in `FIGNORE' is excluded from the list of matched
+ filenames. A sample value is `.o:~'
`FUNCNAME'
An array variable containing the names of all shell functions
currently in the execution call stack. The element with index 0
is the name of any currently-executing shell function. The
- bottom-most element is `"main"'. This variable exists only when a
- shell function is executing. Assignments to `FUNCNAME' have no
- effect and return an error status. If `FUNCNAME' is unset, it
- loses its special properties, even if it is subsequently reset.
+ bottom-most element (the one with the highest index) is `"main"'.
+ This variable exists only when a shell function is executing.
+ Assignments to `FUNCNAME' have no effect and return an error
+ status. If `FUNCNAME' is unset, it loses its special properties,
+ even if it is subsequently reset.
+
+ This variable can be used with `BASH_LINENO' and `BASH_SOURCE'.
+ Each element of `FUNCNAME' has corresponding elements in
+ `BASH_LINENO' and `BASH_SOURCE' to describe the call stack. For
+ instance, `${FUNCNAME[$i]}' was called from the file
+ `${BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]}' at line number `${BASH_LINENO[$i]}'. The
+ `caller' builtin displays the current call stack using this
+ information.
+
+`FUNCNEST'
+ If set to a numeric value greater than 0, defines a maximum
+ function nesting level. Function invocations that exceed this
+ nesting level will cause the current command to abort.
`GLOBIGNORE'
A colon-separated list of patterns defining the set of filenames to
`HISTFILESIZE'
The maximum number of lines contained in the history file. When
this variable is assigned a value, the history file is truncated,
- if necessary, by removing the oldest entries, to contain no more
- than that number of lines. The history file is also truncated to
- this size after writing it when an interactive shell exits. The
- default value is 500.
+ if necessary, to contain no more than that number of lines by
+ removing the oldest entries. The history file is also truncated
+ to this size after writing it when a shell exits. If the value is
+ 0, the history file is truncated to zero size. Non-numeric values
+ and numeric values less than zero inhibit truncation. The shell
+ sets the default value to the value of `HISTSIZE' after reading
+ any startup files.
`HISTIGNORE'
A colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which command
`HISTSIZE'
The maximum number of commands to remember on the history list.
- The default value is 500.
+ If the value is 0, commands are not saved in the history list.
+ Numeric values less than zero result in every command being saved
+ on the history list (there is no limit). The shell sets the
+ default value to 500 after reading any startup files.
`HISTTIMEFORMAT'
If this variable is set and not null, its value is used as a
executing.
`LINES'
- Used by the `select' builtin command to determine the column length
- for printing selection lists. Automatically set upon receipt of a
- `SIGWINCH'.
+ Used by the `select' command to determine the column length for
+ printing selection lists. Automatically set if the `checkwinsize'
+ option is enabled (*note The Shopt Builtin::), or in an
+ interactive shell upon receipt of a `SIGWINCH'.
`MACHTYPE'
A string that fully describes the system type on which Bash is
variable is unset, or set to a value that is not a number greater
than or equal to zero, the shell disables mail checking.
+`MAPFILE'
+ An array variable created to hold the text read by the `mapfile'
+ builtin when no variable name is supplied.
+
`OLDPWD'
The previous working directory as set by the `cd' builtin.
foreground pipeline (which may contain only a single command).
`POSIXLY_CORRECT'
- If this variable is in the environment when `bash' starts, the
- shell enters POSIX mode (*note Bash POSIX Mode::) before reading
- the startup files, as if the `--posix' invocation option had been
- supplied. If it is set while the shell is running, `bash' enables
+ If this variable is in the environment when Bash starts, the shell
+ enters POSIX mode (*note Bash POSIX Mode::) before reading the
+ startup files, as if the `--posix' invocation option had been
+ supplied. If it is set while the shell is running, Bash enables
POSIX mode, as if the command
`set -o posix'
had been executed.
`PROMPT_DIRTRIM'
If set to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the
number of trailing directory components to retain when expanding
- the `\w' and `\W' prompt string escapes (*note Printing a
+ the `\w' and `\W' prompt string escapes (*note Controlling the
Prompt::). Characters removed are replaced with an ellipsis.
`PS3'
and 32767 is generated. Assigning a value to this variable seeds
the random number generator.
+`READLINE_LINE'
+ The contents of the Readline line buffer, for use with `bind -x'
+ (*note Bash Builtins::).
+
+`READLINE_POINT'
+ The position of the insertion point in the Readline line buffer,
+ for use with `bind -x' (*note Bash Builtins::).
+
`REPLY'
The default variable for the `read' builtin.
from a terminal.
In an interactive shell, the value is interpreted as the number of
- seconds to wait for input after issuing the primary prompt when
- the shell is interactive. Bash terminates after that number of
- seconds if input does not arrive.
+ seconds to wait for a line of input after issuing the primary
+ prompt. Bash terminates after waiting for that number of seconds
+ if a complete line of input does not arrive.
`TMPDIR'
If set, Bash uses its value as the name of a directory in which
6 Bash Features
***************
-This section describes features unique to Bash.
+This chapter describes features unique to Bash.
* Menu:
* Aliases:: Substituting one command for another.
* Arrays:: Array Variables.
* The Directory Stack:: History of visited directories.
-* Printing a Prompt:: Controlling the PS1 string.
+* Controlling the Prompt:: Customizing the various prompt strings.
* The Restricted Shell:: A more controlled mode of shell execution.
* Bash POSIX Mode:: Making Bash behave more closely to what
the POSIX standard specifies.
bash [long-opt] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o OPTION] [-O SHOPT_OPTION] -c STRING [ARGUMENT ...]
bash [long-opt] -s [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o OPTION] [-O SHOPT_OPTION] [ARGUMENT ...]
- In addition to the single-character shell command-line options
-(*note The Set Builtin::), there are several multi-character options
-that you can use. These options must appear on the command line before
-the single-character options to be recognized.
+ All of the single-character options used with the `set' builtin
+(*note The Set Builtin::) can be used as options when the shell is
+invoked. In addition, there are several multi-character options that
+you can use. These options must appear on the command line before the
+single-character options to be recognized.
`--debugger'
Arrange for the debugger profile to be executed before the shell
starts. Turns on extended debugging mode (see *note The Shopt
Builtin:: for a description of the `extdebug' option to the `shopt'
- builtin) and shell function tracing (see *note The Set Builtin::
- for a description of the `-o functrace' option).
+ builtin).
`--dump-po-strings'
A list of all double-quoted strings preceded by `$' is printed on
Show version information for this instance of Bash on the standard
output and exit successfully.
-
There are several single-character options that may be supplied at
invocation which are not available with the `set' builtin.
-`-c STRING'
- Read and execute commands from STRING after processing the
- options, then exit. Any remaining arguments are assigned to the
- positional parameters, starting with `$0'.
+`-c'
+ Read and execute commands from the first non-option argument
+ COMMAND_STRING, then exit. If there are arguments after the
+ COMMAND_STRING, the first argument is assigned to `$0' and any
+ remaining arguments are assigned to the positional parameters.
+ The assignment to `$0' sets the name of the shell, which is used
+ in warning and error messages.
`-i'
Force the shell to run interactively. Interactive shells are
processing. Any arguments after the `--' are treated as filenames
and arguments.
-
A _login_ shell is one whose first character of argument zero is
`-', or one invoked with the `--login' option.
This section describes how Bash executes its startup files. If any of
the files exist but cannot be read, Bash reports an error. Tildes are
-expanded in file names as described above under Tilde Expansion (*note
+expanded in filenames as described above under Tilde Expansion (*note
Tilde Expansion::).
Interactive shells are described in *note Interactive Shells::.
following command were executed:
`if [ -n "$BASH_ENV" ]; then . "$BASH_ENV"; fi'
but the value of the `PATH' variable is not used to search for the
-file name.
+filename.
As noted above, if a non-interactive shell is invoked with the
`--login' option, Bash attempts to read and execute commands from the
..............................
Bash attempts to determine when it is being run with its standard input
-connected to a a network connection, as if by the remote shell daemon,
-usually `rshd', or the secure shell daemon `sshd'. If Bash determines
-it is being run in this fashion, it reads and executes commands from
-`~/.bashrc', if that file exists and is readable. It will not do this
-if invoked as `sh'. The `--norc' option may be used to inhibit this
-behavior, and the `--rcfile' option may be used to force another file
-to be read, but `rshd' does not generally invoke the shell with those
-options or allow them to be specified.
+connected to a network connection, as when executed by the remote shell
+daemon, usually `rshd', or the secure shell daemon `sshd'. If Bash
+determines it is being run in this fashion, it reads and executes
+commands from `~/.bashrc', if that file exists and is readable. It
+will not do this if invoked as `sh'. The `--norc' option may be used
+to inhibit this behavior, and the `--rcfile' option may be used to
+force another file to be read, but neither `rshd' nor `sshd' generally
+invoke the shell with those options or allow them to be specified.
Invoked with unequal effective and real UID/GIDs
................................................
7. Command history (*note Bash History Facilities::) and history
expansion (*note History Interaction::) are enabled by default.
Bash will save the command history to the file named by `$HISTFILE'
- when an interactive shell exits.
+ when a shell with history enabled exits.
8. Alias expansion (*note Aliases::) is performed by default.
`/dev/stdin', `/dev/stdout', or `/dev/stderr', file descriptor 0, 1, or
2, respectively, is checked.
+ When used with `[[', the `<' and `>' operators sort
+lexicographically using the current locale. The `test' command uses
+ASCII ordering.
+
Unless otherwise specified, primaries that operate on files follow
symbolic links and operate on the target of the link, rather than the
link itself.
`-x FILE'
True if FILE exists and is executable.
-`-O FILE'
- True if FILE exists and is owned by the effective user id.
-
`-G FILE'
True if FILE exists and is owned by the effective group id.
`-L FILE'
True if FILE exists and is a symbolic link.
+`-N FILE'
+ True if FILE exists and has been modified since it was last read.
+
+`-O FILE'
+ True if FILE exists and is owned by the effective user id.
+
`-S FILE'
True if FILE exists and is a socket.
-`-N FILE'
- True if FILE exists and has been modified since it was last read.
+`FILE1 -ef FILE2'
+ True if FILE1 and FILE2 refer to the same device and inode numbers.
`FILE1 -nt FILE2'
True if FILE1 is newer (according to modification date) than
True if FILE1 is older than FILE2, or if FILE2 exists and FILE1
does not.
-`FILE1 -ef FILE2'
- True if FILE1 and FILE2 refer to the same device and inode numbers.
-
`-o OPTNAME'
- True if shell option OPTNAME is enabled. The list of options
+ True if the shell option OPTNAME is enabled. The list of options
appears in the description of the `-o' option to the `set' builtin
(*note The Set Builtin::).
+`-v VARNAME'
+ True if the shell variable VARNAME is set (has been assigned a
+ value).
+
+`-R VARNAME'
+ True if the shell variable VARNAME is set and is a name reference.
+
`-z STRING'
True if the length of STRING is zero.
True if the length of STRING is non-zero.
`STRING1 == STRING2'
- True if the strings are equal. `=' may be used in place of `=='
- for strict POSIX compliance.
+`STRING1 = STRING2'
+ True if the strings are equal. When used with the `[[' command,
+ this performs pattern matching as described above (*note
+ Conditional Constructs::).
+
+ `=' should be used with the `test' command for POSIX conformance.
`STRING1 != STRING2'
True if the strings are not equal.
greater than or equal to ARG2, respectively. ARG1 and ARG2 may be
positive or negative integers.
-
\1f
File: bash.info, Node: Shell Arithmetic, Next: Aliases, Prev: Bash Conditional Expressions, Up: Bash Features
arithmetic expression when it is referenced, or when a variable which
has been given the INTEGER attribute using `declare -i' is assigned a
value. A null value evaluates to 0. A shell variable need not have
-its integer attribute turned on to be used in an expression.
+its INTEGER attribute turned on to be used in an expression.
Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers. A
leading `0x' or `0X' denotes hexadecimal. Otherwise, numbers take the
-form [BASE`#']N, where BASE is a decimal number between 2 and 64
-representing the arithmetic base, and N is a number in that base. If
-BASE`#' is omitted, then base 10 is used. The digits greater than 9
-are represented by the lowercase letters, the uppercase letters, `@',
-and `_', in that order. If BASE is less than or equal to 36, lowercase
-and uppercase letters may be used interchangeably to represent numbers
-between 10 and 35.
+form [BASE`#']N, where the optional BASE is a decimal number between 2
+and 64 representing the arithmetic base, and N is a number in that base.
+If BASE`#' is omitted, then base 10 is used. When specifying N, he
+digits greater than 9 are represented by the lowercase letters, the
+uppercase letters, `@', and `_', in that order. If BASE is less than
+or equal to 36, lowercase and uppercase letters may be used
+interchangeably to represent numbers between 10 and 35.
Operators are evaluated in order of precedence. Sub-expressions in
parentheses are evaluated first and may override the precedence rules
is tested for aliases, but a word that is identical to an alias being
expanded is not expanded a second time. This means that one may alias
`ls' to `"ls -F"', for instance, and Bash does not try to recursively
-expand the replacement text. If the last character of the alias value
-is a space or tab character, then the next command word following the
-alias is also checked for alias expansion.
+expand the replacement text. If the last character of the alias value
+is a BLANK, then the next command word following the alias is also
+checked for alias expansion.
Aliases are created and listed with the `alias' command, and removed
with the `unalias' command.
alias. This behavior is also an issue when functions are executed.
Aliases are expanded when a function definition is read, not when the
function is executed, because a function definition is itself a
-compound command. As a consequence, aliases defined in a function are
-not available until after that function is executed. To be safe,
-always put alias definitions on a separate line, and do not use `alias'
-in compound commands.
+command. As a consequence, aliases defined in a function are not
+available until after that function is executed. To be safe, always put
+alias definitions on a separate line, and do not use `alias' in
+compound commands.
For almost every purpose, shell functions are preferred over aliases.
will explicitly declare an array. There is no maximum limit on the
size of an array, nor any requirement that members be indexed or
assigned contiguously. Indexed arrays are referenced using integers
-(including arithmetic expressions (*note Shell Arithmetic::) and are
-zero-based; associative arrays use arbitrary strings.
+(including arithmetic expressions (*note Shell Arithmetic::)) and are
+zero-based; associative arrays use arbitrary strings. Unless otherwise
+noted, indexed array indices must be non-negative integers.
An indexed array is created automatically if any variable is
assigned to using the syntax
- name[SUBSCRIPT]=VALUE
+ NAME[SUBSCRIPT]=VALUE
The SUBSCRIPT is treated as an arithmetic expression that must evaluate
-to a number greater than or equal to zero. To explicitly declare an
-array, use
+to a number. To explicitly declare an array, use
declare -a NAME
The syntax
declare -a NAME[SUBSCRIPT]
is also accepted; the SUBSCRIPT is ignored.
- Associative arrays are created using
+Associative arrays are created using
declare -A NAME.
Attributes may be specified for an array variable using the
members of an array.
Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form
- name=(value1 ... valueN)
+ NAME=(VALUE1 VALUE2 ... )
where each VALUE is of the form `[SUBSCRIPT]='STRING. Indexed array
-assignments do not require the bracket and subscript. When assigning
-to indexed arrays, if the optional subscript is supplied, that index is
+assignments do not require anything but STRING. When assigning to
+indexed arrays, if the optional subscript is supplied, that index is
assigned to; otherwise the index of the element assigned is the last
index assigned to by the statement plus one. Indexing starts at zero.
When assigning to an associative array, the subscript is required.
This syntax is also accepted by the `declare' builtin. Individual
-array elements may be assigned to using the `name['SUBSCRIPT`]='VALUE
+array elements may be assigned to using the `NAME[SUBSCRIPT]=VALUE'
syntax introduced above.
- Any element of an array may be referenced using
-`${name['SUBSCRIPT`]}'. The braces are required to avoid conflicts
-with the shell's filename expansion operators. If the SUBSCRIPT is `@'
-or `*', the word expands to all members of the array NAME. These
-subscripts differ only when the word appears within double quotes. If
-the word is double-quoted, `${name[*]}' expands to a single word with
-the value of each array member separated by the first character of the
-`IFS' variable, and `${name[@]}' expands each element of NAME to a
-separate word. When there are no array members, `${name[@]}' expands
-to nothing. If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word, the
-expansion of the first parameter is joined with the beginning part of
-the original word, and the expansion of the last parameter is joined
-with the last part of the original word. This is analogous to the
-expansion of the special parameters `@' and `*'.
-`${#name['SUBSCRIPT`]}' expands to the length of `${name['SUBSCRIPT`]}'.
-If SUBSCRIPT is `@' or `*', the expansion is the number of elements in
-the array. Referencing an array variable without a subscript is
-equivalent to referencing with a subscript of 0.
+ When assigning to an indexed array, if NAME is subscripted by a
+negative number, that number is interpreted as relative to one greater
+than the maximum index of NAME, so negative indices count back from the
+end of the array, and an index of -1 references the last element.
+
+ Any element of an array may be referenced using `${NAME[SUBSCRIPT]}'.
+The braces are required to avoid conflicts with the shell's filename
+expansion operators. If the SUBSCRIPT is `@' or `*', the word expands
+to all members of the array NAME. These subscripts differ only when
+the word appears within double quotes. If the word is double-quoted,
+`${NAME[*]}' expands to a single word with the value of each array
+member separated by the first character of the `IFS' variable, and
+`${NAME[@]}' expands each element of NAME to a separate word. When
+there are no array members, `${NAME[@]}' expands to nothing. If the
+double-quoted expansion occurs within a word, the expansion of the
+first parameter is joined with the beginning part of the original word,
+and the expansion of the last parameter is joined with the last part of
+the original word. This is analogous to the expansion of the special
+parameters `@' and `*'. `${#NAME[SUBSCRIPT]}' expands to the length of
+`${NAME[SUBSCRIPT]}'. If SUBSCRIPT is `@' or `*', the expansion is the
+number of elements in the array. Referencing an array variable without
+a subscript is equivalent to referencing with a subscript of 0. If the
+SUBSCRIPT used to reference an element of an indexed array evaluates to
+a number less than zero, it is interpreted as relative to one greater
+than the maximum index of the array, so negative indices count back
+from the end of the array, and an index of -1 refers to the last
+element.
An array variable is considered set if a subscript has been assigned
a value. The null string is a valid value.
- The `unset' builtin is used to destroy arrays. `unset'
-NAME[SUBSCRIPT] destroys the array element at index SUBSCRIPT. Care
-must be taken to avoid unwanted side effects caused by filename
-expansion. `unset' NAME, where NAME is an array, removes the entire
-array. A subscript of `*' or `@' also removes the entire array.
+ It is possible to obtain the keys (indices) of an array as well as
+the values. ${!NAME[@]} and ${!NAME[*]} expand to the indices assigned
+in array variable NAME. The treatment when in double quotes is similar
+to the expansion of the special parameters `@' and `*' within double
+quotes.
+
+ The `unset' builtin is used to destroy arrays. `unset
+NAME[SUBSCRIPT]' destroys the array element at index SUBSCRIPT.
+Negative subscripts to indexed arrays are interpreted as described
+above. Care must be taken to avoid unwanted side effects caused by
+filename expansion. `unset NAME', where NAME is an array, removes the
+entire array. A subscript of `*' or `@' also removes the entire array.
The `declare', `local', and `readonly' builtins each accept a `-a'
option to specify an indexed array and a `-A' option to specify an
-associative array. The `read' builtin accepts a `-a' option to assign
-a list of words read from the standard input to an array, and can read
-values from the standard input into individual array elements. The
-`set' and `declare' builtins display array values in a way that allows
-them to be reused as input.
+associative array. If both options are supplied, `-A' takes precedence.
+The `read' builtin accepts a `-a' option to assign a list of words read
+from the standard input to an array, and can read values from the
+standard input into individual array elements. The `set' and `declare'
+builtins display array values in a way that allows them to be reused as
+input.
\1f
-File: bash.info, Node: The Directory Stack, Next: Printing a Prompt, Prev: Arrays, Up: Bash Features
+File: bash.info, Node: The Directory Stack, Next: Controlling the Prompt, Prev: Arrays, Up: Bash Features
6.8 The Directory Stack
=======================
------------------------------
`dirs'
- dirs [+N | -N] [-clpv]
+ dirs [-clpv] [+N | -N]
+
Display the list of currently remembered directories. Directories
are added to the list with the `pushd' command; the `popd' command
removes directories from the list.
- `+N'
- Displays the Nth directory (counting from the left of the
- list printed by `dirs' when invoked without options), starting
- with zero.
-
- `-N'
- Displays the Nth directory (counting from the right of the
- list printed by `dirs' when invoked without options), starting
- with zero.
`-c'
Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the elements.
`-l'
- Produces a longer listing; the default listing format uses a
- tilde to denote the home directory.
+ Produces a listing using full pathnames; the default listing
+ format uses a tilde to denote the home directory.
`-p'
Causes `dirs' to print the directory stack with one entry per
Causes `dirs' to print the directory stack with one entry per
line, prefixing each entry with its index in the stack.
+ `+N'
+ Displays the Nth directory (counting from the left of the
+ list printed by `dirs' when invoked without options), starting
+ with zero.
+
+ `-N'
+ Displays the Nth directory (counting from the right of the
+ list printed by `dirs' when invoked without options), starting
+ with zero.
+
`popd'
- popd [+N | -N] [-n]
+ popd [-n] [+N | -N]
Remove the top entry from the directory stack, and `cd' to the new
top directory. When no arguments are given, `popd' removes the
top directory from the stack and performs a `cd' to the new top
directory. The elements are numbered from 0 starting at the first
- directory listed with `dirs'; i.e., `popd' is equivalent to `popd
- +0'.
+ directory listed with `dirs'; that is, `popd' is equivalent to
+ `popd +0'.
+
+ `-n'
+ Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
+ directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
+ manipulated.
+
`+N'
Removes the Nth directory (counting from the left of the list
printed by `dirs'), starting with zero.
Removes the Nth directory (counting from the right of the
list printed by `dirs'), starting with zero.
- `-n'
- Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
- directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
- manipulated.
-
`pushd'
- pushd [-n] [+N | -N | DIR ]
+ pushd [-n] [+N | -N | DIR]
Save the current directory on the top of the directory stack and
then `cd' to DIR. With no arguments, `pushd' exchanges the top
`DIR'
Makes the current working directory be the top of the stack,
- and then executes the equivalent of ``cd' DIR'. `cd's to DIR.
-
+ making it the new current directory as if it had been
+ supplied as an argument to the `cd' builtin.
\1f
-File: bash.info, Node: Printing a Prompt, Next: The Restricted Shell, Prev: The Directory Stack, Up: Bash Features
+File: bash.info, Node: Controlling the Prompt, Next: The Restricted Shell, Prev: The Directory Stack, Up: Bash Features
6.9 Controlling the Prompt
==========================
on the command line.
In addition, the following table describes the special characters
-which can appear in the prompt variables:
+which can appear in the prompt variables `PS1' to `PS4':
`\a'
A bell character.
to the value of the `promptvars' shell option (*note Bash Builtins::).
\1f
-File: bash.info, Node: The Restricted Shell, Next: Bash POSIX Mode, Prev: Printing a Prompt, Up: Bash Features
+File: bash.info, Node: The Restricted Shell, Next: Bash POSIX Mode, Prev: Controlling the Prompt, Up: Bash Features
6.10 The Restricted Shell
=========================
8. Tilde expansion is only performed on assignments preceding a
command name, rather than on all assignment statements on the line.
- 9. The default history file is `~/.sh_history' (this is the default
+ 9. The `command' builtin does not prevent builtins that take
+ assignment statements as arguments from expanding them as
+ assignment statements; when not in POSIX mode, assignment builtins
+ lose their assignment statement expansion properties when preceded
+ by `command'.
+
+ 10. The default history file is `~/.sh_history' (this is the default
value of `$HISTFILE').
- 10. The output of `kill -l' prints all the signal names on a single
+ 11. The output of `kill -l' prints all the signal names on a single
line, separated by spaces, without the `SIG' prefix.
- 11. The `kill' builtin does not accept signal names with a `SIG'
+ 12. The `kill' builtin does not accept signal names with a `SIG'
prefix.
- 12. Non-interactive shells exit if FILENAME in `.' FILENAME is not
+ 13. Non-interactive shells exit if FILENAME in `.' FILENAME is not
found.
- 13. Non-interactive shells exit if a syntax error in an arithmetic
+ 14. Non-interactive shells exit if a syntax error in an arithmetic
expansion results in an invalid expression.
- 14. Redirection operators do not perform filename expansion on the word
+ 15. Non-interactive shells exit if there is a syntax error in a script
+ read with the `.' or `source' builtins, or in a string processed by
+ the `eval' builtin.
+
+ 16. Redirection operators do not perform filename expansion on the word
in the redirection unless the shell is interactive.
- 15. Redirection operators do not perform word splitting on the word in
+ 17. Redirection operators do not perform word splitting on the word in
the redirection.
- 16. Function names must be valid shell `name's. That is, they may not
+ 18. Function names must be valid shell `name's. That is, they may not
contain characters other than letters, digits, and underscores, and
may not start with a digit. Declaring a function with an invalid
name causes a fatal syntax error in non-interactive shells.
- 17. POSIX special builtins are found before shell functions during
+ 19. Function names may not be the same as one of the POSIX special
+ builtins.
+
+ 20. POSIX special builtins are found before shell functions during
command lookup.
- 18. If a POSIX special builtin returns an error status, a
+ 21. Literal tildes that appear as the first character in elements of
+ the `PATH' variable are not expanded as described above under
+ *note Tilde Expansion::.
+
+ 22. The `time' reserved word may be used by itself as a command. When
+ used in this way, it displays timing statistics for the shell and
+ its completed children. The `TIMEFORMAT' variable controls the
+ format of the timing information.
+
+ 23. When parsing and expanding a ${...} expansion that appears within
+ double quotes, single quotes are no longer special and cannot be
+ used to quote a closing brace or other special character, unless
+ the operator is one of those defined to perform pattern removal.
+ In this case, they do not have to appear as matched pairs.
+
+ 24. The parser does not recognize `time' as a reserved word if the next
+ token begins with a `-'.
+
+ 25. If a POSIX special builtin returns an error status, a
non-interactive shell exits. The fatal errors are those listed in
the POSIX standard, and include things like passing incorrect
options, redirection errors, variable assignment errors for
assignments preceding the command name, and so on.
- 19. If `CDPATH' is set, the `cd' builtin will not implicitly append
- the current directory to it. This means that `cd' will fail if no
- valid directory name can be constructed from any of the entries in
- `$CDPATH', even if the a directory with the same name as the name
- given as an argument to `cd' exists in the current directory.
-
- 20. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if a variable
+ 26. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if a variable
assignment error occurs when no command name follows the assignment
statements. A variable assignment error occurs, for example, when
trying to assign a value to a readonly variable.
- 21. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if the iteration
+ 27. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if a variable
+ assignment error occurs in an assignment statement preceding a
+ special builtin, but not with any other simple command.
+
+ 28. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if the iteration
variable in a `for' statement or the selection variable in a
`select' statement is a readonly variable.
- 22. Process substitution is not available.
+ 29. Process substitution is not available.
- 23. Assignment statements preceding POSIX special builtins persist in
+ 30. While variable indirection is available, it may not be applied to
+ the `#' and `?' special parameters.
+
+ 31. Assignment statements preceding POSIX special builtins persist in
the shell environment after the builtin completes.
- 24. Assignment statements preceding shell function calls persist in the
+ 32. Assignment statements preceding shell function calls persist in the
shell environment after the function returns, as if a POSIX
special builtin command had been executed.
- 25. The `export' and `readonly' builtin commands display their output
+ 33. The `export' and `readonly' builtin commands display their output
in the format required by POSIX.
- 26. The `trap' builtin displays signal names without the leading `SIG'.
+ 34. The `trap' builtin displays signal names without the leading `SIG'.
- 27. The `trap' builtin doesn't check the first argument for a possible
+ 35. The `trap' builtin doesn't check the first argument for a possible
signal specification and revert the signal handling to the original
disposition if it is, unless that argument consists solely of
digits and is a valid signal number. If users want to reset the
handler for a given signal to the original disposition, they
should use `-' as the first argument.
- 28. The `.' and `source' builtins do not search the current directory
+ 36. The `.' and `source' builtins do not search the current directory
for the filename argument if it is not found by searching `PATH'.
- 29. Subshells spawned to execute command substitutions inherit the
+ 37. Subshells spawned to execute command substitutions inherit the
value of the `-e' option from the parent shell. When not in POSIX
mode, Bash clears the `-e' option in such subshells.
- 30. Alias expansion is always enabled, even in non-interactive shells.
+ 38. Alias expansion is always enabled, even in non-interactive shells.
- 31. When the `alias' builtin displays alias definitions, it does not
+ 39. When the `alias' builtin displays alias definitions, it does not
display them with a leading `alias ' unless the `-p' option is
supplied.
- 32. When the `set' builtin is invoked without options, it does not
+ 40. When the `set' builtin is invoked without options, it does not
display shell function names and definitions.
- 33. When the `set' builtin is invoked without options, it displays
+ 41. When the `set' builtin is invoked without options, it displays
variable values without quotes, unless they contain shell
metacharacters, even if the result contains nonprinting characters.
- 34. When the `cd' builtin is invoked in LOGICAL mode, and the pathname
+ 42. When the `cd' builtin is invoked in LOGICAL mode, and the pathname
constructed from `$PWD' and the directory name supplied as an
argument does not refer to an existing directory, `cd' will fail
instead of falling back to PHYSICAL mode.
- 35. When the `pwd' builtin is supplied the `-P' option, it resets
- `$PWD' to a pathname containing no symlinks.
-
- 36. The `pwd' builtin verifies that the value it prints is the same as
+ 43. The `pwd' builtin verifies that the value it prints is the same as
the current directory, even if it is not asked to check the file
system with the `-P' option.
- 37. When listing the history, the `fc' builtin does not include an
+ 44. When listing the history, the `fc' builtin does not include an
indication of whether or not a history entry has been modified.
- 38. The default editor used by `fc' is `ed'.
+ 45. The default editor used by `fc' is `ed'.
- 39. The `type' and `command' builtins will not report a non-executable
+ 46. The `type' and `command' builtins will not report a non-executable
file as having been found, though the shell will attempt to
execute such a file if it is the only so-named file found in
`$PATH'.
- 40. The `vi' editing mode will invoke the `vi' editor directly when
+ 47. The `vi' editing mode will invoke the `vi' editor directly when
the `v' command is run, instead of checking `$VISUAL' and
`$EDITOR'.
- 41. When the `xpg_echo' option is enabled, Bash does not attempt to
+ 48. When the `xpg_echo' option is enabled, Bash does not attempt to
interpret any arguments to `echo' as options. Each argument is
displayed, after escape characters are converted.
- 42. The `ulimit' builtin uses a block size of 512 bytes for the `-c'
+ 49. The `ulimit' builtin uses a block size of 512 bytes for the `-c'
and `-f' options.
+ 50. The arrival of `SIGCHLD' when a trap is set on `SIGCHLD' does not
+ interrupt the `wait' builtin and cause it to return immediately.
+ The trap command is run once for each child that exits.
+
+ 51. The `read' builtin may be interrupted by a signal for which a trap
+ has been set. If Bash receives a trapped signal while executing
+ `read', the trap handler executes and `read' returns an exit
+ status greater than 128.
+
There is other POSIX behavior that Bash does not implement by
default even when in POSIX mode. Specifically:
A job may also be referred to using a prefix of the name used to
start it, or using a substring that appears in its command line. For
-example, `%ce' refers to a stopped `ce' job. Using `%?ce', on the other
-hand, refers to any job containing the string `ce' in its command line.
-If the prefix or substring matches more than one job, Bash reports an
-error.
+example, `%ce' refers to a stopped `ce' job. Using `%?ce', on the
+other hand, refers to any job containing the string `ce' in its command
+line. If the prefix or substring matches more than one job, Bash
+reports an error.
Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the foreground:
`%1' is a synonym for `fg %1', bringing job 1 from the background into
`bg'
bg [JOBSPEC ...]
+
Resume each suspended job JOBSPEC in the background, as if it had
been started with `&'. If JOBSPEC is not supplied, the current
job is used. The return status is zero unless it is run when job
`fg'
fg [JOBSPEC]
+
Resume the job JOBSPEC in the foreground and make it the current
job. If JOBSPEC is not supplied, the current job is used. The
return status is that of the command placed into the foreground,
List only the process ID of the job's process group leader.
`-r'
- Restrict output to running jobs.
+ Display only running jobs.
`-s'
- Restrict output to stopped jobs.
+ Display only stopped jobs.
If JOBSPEC is given, output is restricted to information about
that job. If JOBSPEC is not supplied, the status of all jobs is
`kill'
kill [-s SIGSPEC] [-n SIGNUM] [-SIGSPEC] JOBSPEC or PID
kill -l [EXIT_STATUS]
+
Send a signal specified by SIGSPEC or SIGNUM to the process named
by job specification JOBSPEC or process ID PID. SIGSPEC is either
a case-insensitive signal name such as `SIGINT' (with or without
occurs or an invalid option is encountered.
`wait'
- wait [JOBSPEC or PID ...]
+ wait [-n] [JOBSPEC or PID ...]
+
Wait until the child process specified by each process ID PID or
job specification JOBSPEC exits and return the exit status of the
last command waited for. If a job spec is given, all processes in
the job are waited for. If no arguments are given, all currently
active child processes are waited for, and the return status is
- zero. If neither JOBSPEC nor PID specifies an active child process
- of the shell, the return status is 127.
+ zero. If the `-n' option is supplied, `wait' waits for any job to
+ terminate and returns its exit status. If neither JOBSPEC nor PID
+ specifies an active child process of the shell, the return status
+ is 127.
`disown'
disown [-ar] [-h] [JOBSPEC ...]
- Without options, each JOBSPEC is removed from the table of active
- jobs. If the `-h' option is given, the job is not removed from
- the table, but is marked so that `SIGHUP' is not sent to the job
- if the shell receives a `SIGHUP'. If JOBSPEC is not present, and
- neither the `-a' nor `-r' option is supplied, the current job is
- used. If no JOBSPEC is supplied, the `-a' option means to remove
- or mark all jobs; the `-r' option without a JOBSPEC argument
- restricts operation to running jobs.
+
+ Without options, remove each JOBSPEC from the table of active jobs.
+ If the `-h' option is given, the job is not removed from the table,
+ but is marked so that `SIGHUP' is not sent to the job if the shell
+ receives a `SIGHUP'. If JOBSPEC is not present, and neither the
+ `-a' nor the `-r' option is supplied, the current job is used. If
+ no JOBSPEC is supplied, the `-a' option means to remove or mark
+ all jobs; the `-r' option without a JOBSPEC argument restricts
+ operation to running jobs.
`suspend'
suspend [-f]
+
Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a `SIGCONT'
signal. A login shell cannot be suspended; the `-f' option can be
used to override this and force the suspension.
-
When job control is not active, the `kill' and `wait' builtins do
not accept JOBSPEC arguments. They must be supplied process IDs.
shell, unless the `--noediting' option is supplied at shell invocation.
Line editing is also used when using the `-e' option to the `read'
builtin command (*note Bash Builtins::). By default, the line editing
-commands are similar to those of emacs. A vi-style line editing
+commands are similar to those of Emacs. A vi-style line editing
interface is also available. Line editing can be enabled at any time
using the `-o emacs' or `-o vi' options to the `set' builtin command
(*note The Set Builtin::), or disabled using the `+o emacs' or `+o vi'
a specific command.
* Programmable Completion Builtins:: Builtin commands to specify how to
complete arguments for a particular command.
+* A Programmable Completion Example:: An example shell function for
+ generating possible completions.
\1f
File: bash.info, Node: Introduction and Notation, Next: Readline Interaction, Up: Command Line Editing
Readline attempts to ring the terminal's bell.
`bind-tty-special-chars'
- If set to `on', Readline attempts to bind the control
- characters treated specially by the kernel's terminal driver
- to their Readline equivalents.
+ If set to `on' (the default), Readline attempts to bind the
+ control characters treated specially by the kernel's
+ terminal driver to their Readline equivalents.
+
+ `blink-matching-paren'
+ If set to `on', Readline attempts to briefly move the cursor
+ to an opening parenthesis when a closing parenthsis is
+ inserted. The default is `off'.
+
+ `colored-stats'
+ If set to `on', Readline displays possible completions using
+ different colors to indicate their file type. The color
+ definitions are taken from the value of the `LS_COLORS'
+ environment variable. The default is `off'.
`comment-begin'
The string to insert at the beginning of the line when the
`insert-comment' command is executed. The default value is
`"#"'.
+ `completion-display-width'
+ The number of screen columns used to display possible matches
+ when performing completion. The value is ignored if it is
+ less than 0 or greater than the terminal screen width. A
+ value of 0 will cause matches to be displayed one per line.
+ The default value is -1.
+
`completion-ignore-case'
If set to `on', Readline performs filename matching and
completion in a case-insensitive fashion. The default value
is `off'.
+ `completion-map-case'
+ If set to `on', and COMPLETION-IGNORE-CASE is enabled,
+ Readline treats hyphens (`-') and underscores (`_') as
+ equivalent when performing case-insensitive filename matching
+ and completion.
+
`completion-prefix-display-length'
The length in characters of the common prefix of a list of
possible completions that is displayed without modification.
keypad when it is called. Some systems need this to enable
the arrow keys. The default is `off'.
+ `enable-meta-key'
+ When set to `on', Readline will try to enable any meta
+ modifier key the terminal claims to support when it is
+ called. On many terminals, the meta key is used to send
+ eight-bit characters. The default is `on'.
+
`expand-tilde'
If set to `on', tilde expansion is performed when Readline
attempts word completion. The default is `off'.
`history-size'
Set the maximum number of history entries saved in the
- history list. If set to zero, the number of entries in the
- history list is not limited.
+ history list. If set to zero, any existing history entries
+ are deleted and no new entries are saved. If set to a value
+ less than zero, the number of history entries is not limited.
+ By default, the number of history entries is not limited.
`horizontal-scroll-mode'
This variable can be set to either `on' or `off'. Setting it
default value is `emacs'. The value of the `editing-mode'
variable also affects the default keymap.
+ `keyseq-timeout'
+ Specifies the duration Readline will wait for a character
+ when reading an ambiguous key sequence (one that can form a
+ complete key sequence using the input read so far, or can
+ take additional input to complete a longer key sequence). If
+ no input is received within the timeout, Readline will use
+ the shorter but complete key sequence. Readline uses this
+ value to determine whether or not input is available on the
+ current input source (`rl_instream' by default). The value
+ is specified in milliseconds, so a value of 1000 means that
+ Readline will wait one second for additional input. If this
+ variable is set to a value less than or equal to zero, or to a
+ non-numeric value, Readline will wait until another key is
+ pressed to decide which key sequence to complete. The
+ default value is `500'.
+
`mark-directories'
If set to `on', completed directory names have a slash
appended. The default is `on'.
`match-hidden-files'
This variable, when set to `on', causes Readline to match
files whose names begin with a `.' (hidden files) when
- performing filename completion, unless the leading `.' is
- supplied by the user in the filename to be completed. This
- variable is `on' by default.
+ performing filename completion. If set to `off', the leading
+ `.' must be supplied by the user in the filename to be
+ completed. This variable is `on' by default.
+
+ `menu-complete-display-prefix'
+ If set to `on', menu completion displays the common prefix of
+ the list of possible completions (which may be empty) before
+ cycling through the list. The default is `off'.
`output-meta'
If set to `on', Readline will display characters with the
be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell. The
default value is `off'.
+ `show-mode-in-prompt'
+ If set to `on', add a character to the beginning of the prompt
+ indicating the editing mode: emacs (`@'), vi command (`:'),
+ or vi insertion (`+'). The default value is `off'.
+
`skip-completed-text'
If set to `on', this alters the default completion behavior
when inserting a single match into the line. It's only
# You can re-read the inputrc file with C-x C-r.
# Lines beginning with '#' are comments.
#
- # First, include any systemwide bindings and variable
+ # First, include any system-wide bindings and variable
# assignments from /etc/Inputrc
$include /etc/Inputrc
`forward-search-history (C-s)'
Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down'
- through the the history as necessary. This is an incremental
- search.
+ through the history as necessary. This is an incremental search.
`non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)'
Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up'
through the history as necessary using a non-incremental search
- for a string supplied by the user.
+ for a string supplied by the user. The search string may match
+ anywhere in a history line.
`non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)'
Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down'
- through the the history as necessary using a non-incremental search
- for a string supplied by the user.
+ through the history as necessary using a non-incremental search
+ for a string supplied by the user. The search string may match
+ anywhere in a history line.
`history-search-forward ()'
Search forward through the history for the string of characters
- between the start of the current line and the point. This is a
+ between the start of the current line and the point. The search
+ string must match at the beginning of a history line. This is a
non-incremental search. By default, this command is unbound.
`history-search-backward ()'
Search backward through the history for the string of characters
- between the start of the current line and the point. This is a
+ between the start of the current line and the point. The search
+ string must match at the beginning of a history line. This is a
+ non-incremental search. By default, this command is unbound.
+
+`history-substr-search-forward ()'
+ Search forward through the history for the string of characters
+ between the start of the current line and the point. The search
+ string may match anywhere in a history line. This is a
+ non-incremental search. By default, this command is unbound.
+
+`history-substr-search-backward ()'
+ Search backward through the history for the string of characters
+ between the start of the current line and the point. The search
+ string may match anywhere in a history line. This is a
non-incremental search. By default, this command is unbound.
`yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)'
`yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)'
Insert last argument to the previous command (the last word of the
- previous history entry). With an argument, behave exactly like
- `yank-nth-arg'. Successive calls to `yank-last-arg' move back
- through the history list, inserting the last argument of each line
- in turn. The history expansion facilities are used to extract the
- last argument, as if the `!$' history expansion had been specified.
+ previous history entry). With a numeric argument, behave exactly
+ like `yank-nth-arg'. Successive calls to `yank-last-arg' move
+ back through the history list, inserting the last word (or the
+ word specified by the argument to the first call) of each line in
+ turn. Any numeric argument supplied to these successive calls
+ determines the direction to move through the history. A negative
+ argument switches the direction through the history (back or
+ forward). The history expansion facilities are used to extract
+ the last argument, as if the `!$' history expansion had been
+ specified.
\1f
8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text
--------------------------------
+`end-of-file (usually C-d)'
+ The character indicating end-of-file as set, for example, by
+ `stty'. If this character is read when there are no characters on
+ the line, and point is at the beginning of the line, Readline
+ interprets it as the end of input and returns EOF.
+
`delete-char (C-d)'
- Delete the character at point. If point is at the beginning of
- the line, there are no characters in the line, and the last
- character typed was not bound to `delete-char', then return EOF.
+ Delete the character at point. If this function is bound to the
+ same character as the tty EOF character, as `C-d' commonly is, see
+ above for the effects.
`backward-delete-char (Rubout)'
Delete the character behind the cursor. A numeric argument means
Kill the text from point to the end of the line.
`backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)'
- Kill backward to the beginning of the line.
+ Kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of the current line.
`unix-line-discard (C-u)'
Kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of the current line.
words, to the end of the next word. Word boundaries are the same
as `shell-forward-word'.
-`backward-kill-word ()'
+`shell-backward-kill-word ()'
Kill the word behind point. Word boundaries are the same as
`shell-backward-word'.
completion is attempted.
`possible-completions (M-?)'
- List the possible completions of the text before point.
+ List the possible completions of the text before point. When
+ displaying completions, Readline sets the number of columns used
+ for display to the value of `completion-display-width', the value
+ of the environment variable `COLUMNS', or the screen width, in
+ that order.
`insert-completions (M-*)'
Insert all completions of the text before point that would have
Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the
characters in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard.
+`print-last-kbd-macro ()'
+ Print the last keboard macro defined in a format suitable for the
+ INPUTRC file.
+
\1f
File: bash.info, Node: Miscellaneous Commands, Prev: Keyboard Macros, Up: Bindable Readline Commands
While the Readline library does not have a full set of `vi' editing
functions, it does contain enough to allow simple editing of the line.
-The Readline `vi' mode behaves as specified in the POSIX 1003.2
-standard.
+The Readline `vi' mode behaves as specified in the POSIX standard.
In order to switch interactively between `emacs' and `vi' editing
modes, use the `set -o emacs' and `set -o vi' commands (*note The Set
`COMP_KEY', and `COMP_TYPE' variables are assigned values as described
above (*note Bash Variables::). If a shell function is being invoked,
the `COMP_WORDS' and `COMP_CWORD' variables are also set. When the
-function or command is invoked, the first argument is the name of the
-command whose arguments are being completed, the second argument is the
-word being completed, and the third argument is the word preceding the
-word being completed on the current command line. No filtering of the
-generated completions against the word being completed is performed;
-the function or command has complete freedom in generating the matches.
+function or command is invoked, the first argument ($1) is the name of
+the command whose arguments are being completed, the second argument
+($2) is the word being completed, and the third argument ($3) is the
+word preceding the word being completed on the current command line.
+No filtering of the generated completions against the word being
+completed is performed; the function or command has complete freedom in
+generating the matches.
Any function specified with `-F' is invoked first. The function may
use any of the shell facilities, including the `compgen' and `compopt'
builtins described below (*note Programmable Completion Builtins::), to
generate the matches. It must put the possible completions in the
-`COMPREPLY' array variable.
+`COMPREPLY' array variable, one per array element.
Next, any command specified with the `-C' option is invoked in an
environment equivalent to command substitution. It should print a list
compspec associated with the command on which completion is being
attempted (supplied as the first argument when the function is
executed), programmable completion restarts from the beginning, with an
-attempt to find a compspec for that command. This allows a set of
+attempt to find a new compspec for that command. This allows a set of
completions to be built dynamically as completion is attempted, rather
than being loaded all at once.
_completion_loader()
{
- . "/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124
+ . "/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124
}
- complete -D -F _completion_loader
+ complete -D -F _completion_loader -o bashdefault -o default
\1f
-File: bash.info, Node: Programmable Completion Builtins, Prev: Programmable Completion, Up: Command Line Editing
+File: bash.info, Node: Programmable Completion Builtins, Next: A Programmable Completion Example, Prev: Programmable Completion, Up: Command Line Editing
8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins
====================================
-Two builtin commands are available to manipulate the programmable
-completion facilities.
+Three builtin commands are available to manipulate the programmable
+completion facilities: one to specify how the arguments to a particular
+command are to be completed, and two to modify the completion as it is
+happening.
`compgen'
`compgen [OPTION] [WORD]'
option is intended to be used with shell functions
specified with `-F'.
+ `noquote'
+ Tell Readline not to quote the completed words if they
+ are filenames (quoting filenames is the default).
+
`nospace'
Tell Readline not to append a space (the default) to
words completed at the end of the line.
Names of all shell variables. May also be specified as
`-v'.
+ `-C COMMAND'
+ COMMAND is executed in a subshell environment, and its output
+ is used as the possible completions.
+
+ `-F FUNCTION'
+ The shell function FUNCTION is executed in the current shell
+ environment. When it is executed, $1 is the name of the
+ command whose arguments are being completed, $2 is the word
+ being completed, and $3 is the word preceding the word being
+ completed, as described above (*note Programmable
+ Completion::). When it finishes, the possible completions
+ are retrieved from the value of the `COMPREPLY' array
+ variable.
+
`-G GLOBPAT'
The filename expansion pattern GLOBPAT is expanded to generate
the possible completions.
+ `-P PREFIX'
+ PREFIX is added at the beginning of each possible completion
+ after all other options have been applied.
+
+ `-S SUFFIX'
+ SUFFIX is appended to each possible completion after all
+ other options have been applied.
+
`-W WORDLIST'
The WORDLIST is split using the characters in the `IFS'
special variable as delimiters, and each resultant word is
expanded. The possible completions are the members of the
resultant list which match the word being completed.
- `-C COMMAND'
- COMMAND is executed in a subshell environment, and its output
- is used as the possible completions.
-
- `-F FUNCTION'
- The shell function FUNCTION is executed in the current shell
- environment. When it finishes, the possible completions are
- retrieved from the value of the `COMPREPLY' array variable.
-
`-X FILTERPAT'
FILTERPAT is a pattern as used for filename expansion. It is
applied to the list of possible completions generated by the
FILTERPAT negates the pattern; in this case, any completion
not matching FILTERPAT is removed.
- `-P PREFIX'
- PREFIX is added at the beginning of each possible completion
- after all other options have been applied.
-
- `-S SUFFIX'
- SUFFIX is appended to each possible completion after all
- other options have been applied.
-
The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied, an
option other than `-p' or `-r' is supplied without a NAME
argument, an attempt is made to remove a completion specification
`compopt'
`compopt' [-o OPTION] [-DE] [+o OPTION] [NAME]
Modify completion options for each NAME according to the OPTIONs,
- or for the currently-execution completion if no NAMEs are supplied.
+ or for the currently-executing completion if no NAMEs are supplied.
If no OPTIONs are given, display the completion options for each
NAME or the current completion. The possible values of OPTION are
those valid for the `complete' builtin described above. The `-D'
completion specification exists, or an output error occurs.
+\1f
+File: bash.info, Node: A Programmable Completion Example, Prev: Programmable Completion Builtins, Up: Command Line Editing
+
+8.8 A Programmable Completion Example
+=====================================
+
+The most common way to obtain additional completion functionality beyond
+the default actions `complete' and `compgen' provide is to use a shell
+function and bind it to a particular command using `complete -F'.
+
+ The following function provides completions for the `cd' builtin.
+It is a reasonably good example of what shell functions must do when
+used for completion. This function uses the word passsed as `$2' to
+determine the directory name to complete. You can also use the
+`COMP_WORDS' array variable; the current word is indexed by the
+`COMP_CWORD' variable.
+
+ The function relies on the `complete' and `compgen' builtins to do
+much of the work, adding only the things that the Bash `cd' does beyond
+accepting basic directory names: tilde expansion (*note Tilde
+Expansion::), searching directories in $CDPATH, which is described above
+(*note Bourne Shell Builtins::), and basic support for the
+`cdable_vars' shell option (*note The Shopt Builtin::). `_comp_cd'
+modifies the value of IFS so that it contains only a newline to
+accommodate file names containing spaces and tabs - `compgen' prints
+the possible completions it generates one per line.
+
+ Possible completions go into the COMPREPLY array variable, one
+completion per array element. The programmable completion system
+retrieves the completions from there when the function returns.
+
+ # A completion function for the cd builtin
+ # based on the cd completion function from the bash_completion package
+ _comp_cd()
+ {
+ local IFS=$' \t\n' # normalize IFS
+ local cur _skipdot _cdpath
+ local i j k
+
+ # Tilde expansion, with side effect of expanding tilde to full pathname
+ case "$2" in
+ \~*) eval cur="$2" ;;
+ *) cur=$2 ;;
+ esac
+
+ # no cdpath or absolute pathname -- straight directory completion
+ if [[ -z "${CDPATH:-}" ]] || [[ "$cur" == @(./*|../*|/*) ]]; then
+ # compgen prints paths one per line; could also use while loop
+ IFS=$'\n'
+ COMPREPLY=( $(compgen -d -- "$cur") )
+ IFS=$' \t\n'
+ # CDPATH+directories in the current directory if not in CDPATH
+ else
+ IFS=$'\n'
+ _skipdot=false
+ # preprocess CDPATH to convert null directory names to .
+ _cdpath=${CDPATH/#:/.:}
+ _cdpath=${_cdpath//::/:.:}
+ _cdpath=${_cdpath/%:/:.}
+ for i in ${_cdpath//:/$'\n'}; do
+ if [[ $i -ef . ]]; then _skipdot=true; fi
+ k="${#COMPREPLY[@]}"
+ for j in $( compgen -d -- "$i/$cur" ); do
+ COMPREPLY[k++]=${j#$i/} # cut off directory
+ done
+ done
+ $_skipdot || COMPREPLY+=( $(compgen -d -- "$cur") )
+ IFS=$' \t\n'
+ fi
+
+ # variable names if appropriate shell option set and no completions
+ if shopt -q cdable_vars && [[ ${#COMPREPLY[@]} -eq 0 ]]; then
+ COMPREPLY=( $(compgen -v -- "$cur") )
+ fi
+
+ return 0
+ }
+
+ We install the completion function using the `-F' option to
+`complete':
+
+ # Tell readline to quote appropriate and append slashes to directories;
+ # use the bash default completion for other arguments
+ complete -o filenames -o nospace -o bashdefault -F _comp_cd cd
+
+Since we'd like Bash and Readline to take care of some of the other
+details for us, we use several other options to tell Bash and Readline
+what to do. The `-o filenames' option tells Readline that the possible
+completions should be treated as filenames, and quoted appropriately.
+That option will also cause Readline to append a slash to filenames it
+can determine are directories (which is why we might want to extend
+`_comp_cd' to append a slash if we're using directories found via
+CDPATH: Readline can't tell those completions are directories). The
+`-o nospace' option tells Readline to not append a space character to
+the directory name, in case we want to append to it. The `-o
+bashdefault' option brings in the rest of the "Bash default"
+completions - possible completion that Bash adds to the default Readline
+set. These include things like command name completion, variable
+completion for words beginning with `{', completions containing pathname
+expansion patterns (*note Filename Expansion::), and so on.
+
+ Once installed using `complete', `_comp_cd' will be called every
+time we attempt word completion for a `cd' command.
+
+ Many more examples - an extensive collection of completions for most
+of the common GNU, Unix, and Linux commands - are available as part of
+the bash_completion project. This is installed by default on many
+GNU/Linux distributions. Originally written by Ian Macdonald, the
+project now lives at `http://bash-completion.alioth.debian.org/'.
+There are ports for other systems such as Solaris and Mac OS X.
+
+ An older version of the bash_completion package is distributed with
+bash in the `examples/complete' subdirectory.
+
\1f
File: bash.info, Node: Using History Interactively, Next: Installing Bash, Prev: Command Line Editing, Up: Top
named by the `HISTFILE' variable (default `~/.bash_history'). The file
named by the value of `HISTFILE' is truncated, if necessary, to contain
no more than the number of lines specified by the value of the
-`HISTFILESIZE' variable. When an interactive shell exits, the last
-`$HISTSIZE' lines are copied from the history list to the file named by
-`$HISTFILE'. If the `histappend' shell option is set (*note Bash
-Builtins::), the lines are appended to the history file, otherwise the
-history file is overwritten. If `HISTFILE' is unset, or if the history
-file is unwritable, the history is not saved. After saving the
+`HISTFILESIZE' variable. When a shell with history enabled exits, the
+last `$HISTSIZE' lines are copied from the history list to the file
+named by `$HISTFILE'. If the `histappend' shell option is set (*note
+Bash Builtins::), the lines are appended to the history file, otherwise
+the history file is overwritten. If `HISTFILE' is unset, or if the
+history file is unwritable, the history is not saved. After saving the
history, the history file is truncated to contain no more than
-`$HISTFILESIZE' lines. If `HISTFILESIZE' is not set, no truncation is
-performed.
+`$HISTFILESIZE' lines. If `HISTFILESIZE' is unset, or set to null, a
+non-numeric value, or a numeric value less than zero, the history file
+is not truncated.
If the `HISTTIMEFORMAT' is set, the time stamp information
associated with each history entry is written to the history file,
`fc [-e ENAME] [-lnr] [FIRST] [LAST]'
`fc -s [PAT=REP] [COMMAND]'
- Fix Command. In the first form, a range of commands from FIRST to
- LAST is selected from the history list. Both FIRST and LAST may
- be specified as a string (to locate the most recent command
- beginning with that string) or as a number (an index into the
- history list, where a negative number is used as an offset from the
- current command number). If LAST is not specified it is set to
- FIRST. If FIRST is not specified it is set to the previous
- command for editing and -16 for listing. If the `-l' flag is
- given, the commands are listed on standard output. The `-n' flag
- suppresses the command numbers when listing. The `-r' flag
- reverses the order of the listing. Otherwise, the editor given by
- ENAME is invoked on a file containing those commands. If ENAME is
- not given, the value of the following variable expansion is used:
- `${FCEDIT:-${EDITOR:-vi}}'. This says to use the value of the
- `FCEDIT' variable if set, or the value of the `EDITOR' variable if
- that is set, or `vi' if neither is set. When editing is complete,
- the edited commands are echoed and executed.
+ The first form selects a range of commands from FIRST to LAST from
+ the history list and displays or edits and re-executes them. Both
+ FIRST and LAST may be specified as a string (to locate the most
+ recent command beginning with that string) or as a number (an
+ index into the history list, where a negative number is used as an
+ offset from the current command number). If LAST is not specified
+ it is set to FIRST. If FIRST is not specified it is set to the
+ previous command for editing and -16 for listing. If the `-l'
+ flag is given, the commands are listed on standard output. The
+ `-n' flag suppresses the command numbers when listing. The `-r'
+ flag reverses the order of the listing. Otherwise, the editor
+ given by ENAME is invoked on a file containing those commands. If
+ ENAME is not given, the value of the following variable expansion
+ is used: `${FCEDIT:-${EDITOR:-vi}}'. This says to use the value
+ of the `FCEDIT' variable if set, or the value of the `EDITOR'
+ variable if that is set, or `vi' if neither is set. When editing
+ is complete, the edited commands are echoed and executed.
In the second form, COMMAND is re-executed after each instance of
- PAT in the selected command is replaced by REP.
+ PAT in the selected command is replaced by REP. COMMAND is
+ intepreted the same as FIRST above.
A useful alias to use with the `fc' command is `r='fc -s'', so
that typing `r cc' runs the last command beginning with `cc' and
session.
`-r'
- Read the current history file and append its contents to the
- history list.
+ Read the history file and append its contents to the history
+ list.
`-w'
- Write out the current history to the history file.
+ Write out the current history list to the history file.
`-p'
Perform history substitution on the ARGs and display the
-----------------------
An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the
-history list.
+history list. Unless the reference is absolute, events are relative to
+the current position in the history list.
`!'
Start a history substitution, except when followed by a space, tab,
Refer to the previous command. This is a synonym for `!-1'.
`!STRING'
- Refer to the most recent command starting with STRING.
+ Refer to the most recent command preceding the current position in
+ the history list starting with STRING.
`!?STRING[?]'
- Refer to the most recent command containing STRING. The trailing
- `?' may be omitted if the STRING is followed immediately by a
- newline.
+ Refer to the most recent command preceding the current position in
+ the history list containing STRING. The trailing `?' may be
+ omitted if the STRING is followed immediately by a newline.
`^STRING1^STRING2^'
Quick Substitution. Repeat the last command, replacing STRING1
mail diffs or instructions to <bash-maintainers@gnu.org> so they can be
considered for the next release.
- The file `configure.in' is used to create `configure' by a program
-called Autoconf. You only need `configure.in' if you want to change it
+ The file `configure.ac' is used to create `configure' by a program
+called Autoconf. You only need `configure.ac' if you want to change it
or regenerate `configure' using a newer version of Autoconf. If you do
this, make sure you are using Autoconf version 2.50 or newer.
following options, but it is processed first, so individual options may
be enabled using `enable-FEATURE'.
- All of the following options except for `disabled-builtins' and
-`xpg-echo-default' are enabled by default, unless the operating system
-does not provide the necessary support.
+ All of the following options except for `disabled-builtins',
+`direxpand-default', and `xpg-echo-default' are enabled by default,
+unless the operating system does not provide the necessary support.
`--enable-alias'
Allow alias expansion and include the `alias' and `unalias'
`--enable-debugger'
Include support for the bash debugger (distributed separately).
+`--enable-direxpand-default'
+ Cause the `direxpand' shell option (*note The Shopt Builtin::) to
+ be enabled by default when the shell starts. It is normally
+ disabled by default.
+
`--enable-directory-stack'
Include support for a `csh'-like directory stack and the `pushd',
`popd', and `dirs' builtins (*note The Directory Stack::).
Set the default value of the EXTGLOB shell option described above
under *note The Shopt Builtin:: to be enabled.
+`--enable-glob-asciirange-default'
+ Set the default value of the GLOBASCIIRANGES shell option described
+ above under *note The Shopt Builtin:: to be enabled. This
+ controls the behavior of character ranges when used in pattern
+ matching bracket expressions.
+
`--enable-help-builtin'
Include the `help' builtin, which displays help on shell builtins
and variables (*note Bash Builtins::).
`--enable-prompt-string-decoding'
Turn on the interpretation of a number of backslash-escaped
characters in the `$PS1', `$PS2', `$PS3', and `$PS4' prompt
- strings. See *note Printing a Prompt::, for a complete list of
- prompt string escape sequences.
+ strings. See *note Controlling the Prompt::, for a complete list
+ of prompt string escape sequences.
`--enable-readline'
Include support for command-line editing and history with the Bash
The Restricted Shell::, for a description of restricted mode.
`--enable-select'
- Include the `select' builtin, which allows the generation of simple
- menus (*note Conditional Constructs::).
+ Include the `select' compound command, which allows the generation
+ of simple menus (*note Conditional Constructs::).
`--enable-separate-helpfiles'
Use external files for the documentation displayed by the `help'
Specification, version 3. *Note Bash Builtins::, for a
description of the escape sequences that `echo' recognizes.
-
The file `config-top.h' contains C Preprocessor `#define' statements
for options which are not settable from `configure'. Some of these are
not meant to be changed; beware of the consequences if you do. Read
`bashbug' inserts the first three items automatically into the template
it provides for filing a bug report.
- Please send all reports concerning this manual to
-<chet.ramey@case.edu>.
+ Please send all reports concerning this manual to <bug-bash@gnu.org>.
\1f
File: bash.info, Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell, Next: GNU Free Documentation License, Prev: Reporting Bugs, Up: Top
PATTERN and replaces it with REPLACEMENT in the value of `var', is
available (*note Shell Parameter Expansion::).
- * The expansion `${!PREFIX}*' expansion, which expands to the names
+ * The expansion `${!PREFIX*}' expansion, which expands to the names
of all shell variables whose names begin with PREFIX, is available
(*note Shell Parameter Expansion::).
not all words (*note Word Splitting::). This closes a
longstanding shell security hole.
+ * The filename expansion bracket expression code uses `!' and `^' to
+ negate the set of characters between the brackets. The Bourne
+ shell uses only `!'.
+
* Bash implements the full set of POSIX filename expansion operators,
including CHARACTER CLASSES, EQUIVALENCE CLASSES, and COLLATING
SYMBOLS (*note Filename Expansion::).
as the value of the `DIRSTACK' shell variable.
* Bash interprets special backslash-escaped characters in the prompt
- strings when interactive (*note Printing a Prompt::).
+ strings when interactive (*note Controlling the Prompt::).
* The Bash restricted mode is more useful (*note The Restricted
Shell::); the SVR4.2 shell restricted mode is too limited.
* Menu:
* .: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 16)
+ (line 17)
* :: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 11)
* [: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 213)
+ (line 263)
* alias: Bash Builtins. (line 11)
* bg: Job Control Builtins.
(line 7)
* bind: Bash Builtins. (line 21)
* break: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 29)
-* builtin: Bash Builtins. (line 98)
-* caller: Bash Builtins. (line 106)
+ (line 31)
+* builtin: Bash Builtins. (line 102)
+* caller: Bash Builtins. (line 111)
* cd: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 36)
-* command: Bash Builtins. (line 123)
+ (line 39)
+* command: Bash Builtins. (line 129)
* compgen: Programmable Completion Builtins.
- (line 10)
+ (line 12)
* complete: Programmable Completion Builtins.
- (line 28)
+ (line 30)
* compopt: Programmable Completion Builtins.
- (line 217)
+ (line 228)
* continue: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 55)
-* declare: Bash Builtins. (line 142)
+ (line 80)
+* declare: Bash Builtins. (line 149)
* dirs: Directory Stack Builtins.
(line 7)
* disown: Job Control Builtins.
- (line 83)
-* echo: Bash Builtins. (line 221)
-* enable: Bash Builtins. (line 273)
+ (line 89)
+* echo: Bash Builtins. (line 246)
+* enable: Bash Builtins. (line 308)
* eval: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 63)
+ (line 89)
* exec: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 70)
+ (line 97)
* exit: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 82)
+ (line 114)
* export: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 88)
+ (line 121)
* fc: Bash History Builtins.
(line 10)
* fg: Job Control Builtins.
- (line 16)
+ (line 17)
* getopts: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 103)
+ (line 137)
* hash: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 145)
-* help: Bash Builtins. (line 301)
+ (line 180)
+* help: Bash Builtins. (line 337)
* history: Bash History Builtins.
- (line 39)
+ (line 40)
* jobs: Job Control Builtins.
- (line 25)
+ (line 27)
* kill: Job Control Builtins.
- (line 57)
-* let: Bash Builtins. (line 321)
-* local: Bash Builtins. (line 328)
-* logout: Bash Builtins. (line 338)
-* mapfile: Bash Builtins. (line 342)
+ (line 59)
+* let: Bash Builtins. (line 358)
+* local: Bash Builtins. (line 366)
+* logout: Bash Builtins. (line 377)
+* mapfile: Bash Builtins. (line 382)
* popd: Directory Stack Builtins.
- (line 37)
-* printf: Bash Builtins. (line 387)
+ (line 39)
+* printf: Bash Builtins. (line 434)
* pushd: Directory Stack Builtins.
- (line 58)
+ (line 61)
* pwd: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 163)
-* read: Bash Builtins. (line 412)
-* readarray: Bash Builtins. (line 484)
+ (line 200)
+* read: Bash Builtins. (line 482)
+* readarray: Bash Builtins. (line 569)
* readonly: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 172)
+ (line 210)
* return: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 188)
+ (line 229)
* set: The Set Builtin. (line 11)
* shift: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 201)
+ (line 250)
* shopt: The Shopt Builtin. (line 9)
-* source: Bash Builtins. (line 492)
+* source: Bash Builtins. (line 578)
* suspend: Job Control Builtins.
- (line 94)
+ (line 101)
* test: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 213)
+ (line 263)
* times: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 281)
+ (line 339)
* trap: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 286)
-* type: Bash Builtins. (line 496)
-* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 527)
-* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 533)
+ (line 345)
+* type: Bash Builtins. (line 583)
+* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 615)
+* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 621)
* umask: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 332)
-* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 621)
+ (line 394)
+* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 712)
* unset: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 349)
+ (line 412)
* wait: Job Control Builtins.
- (line 73)
+ (line 76)
\1f
File: bash.info, Node: Reserved Word Index, Next: Variable Index, Prev: Builtin Index, Up: Indexes
* !: Pipelines. (line 9)
* [[: Conditional Constructs.
- (line 117)
+ (line 119)
* ]]: Conditional Constructs.
- (line 117)
+ (line 119)
* case: Conditional Constructs.
(line 28)
* do: Looping Constructs. (line 12)
(line 28)
* fi: Conditional Constructs.
(line 7)
-* for: Looping Constructs. (line 29)
+* for: Looping Constructs. (line 32)
* function: Shell Functions. (line 13)
* if: Conditional Constructs.
(line 7)
* in: Conditional Constructs.
(line 28)
* select: Conditional Constructs.
- (line 76)
+ (line 78)
* then: Conditional Constructs.
(line 7)
* time: Pipelines. (line 9)
* until: Looping Constructs. (line 12)
-* while: Looping Constructs. (line 20)
+* while: Looping Constructs. (line 22)
* {: Command Grouping. (line 21)
* }: Command Grouping. (line 21)
\0\b[index\0\b]
* Menu:
-* !: Special Parameters. (line 46)
-* #: Special Parameters. (line 30)
-* $: Special Parameters. (line 42)
+* !: Special Parameters. (line 50)
+* #: Special Parameters. (line 33)
+* $: Special Parameters. (line 45)
+* $!: Special Parameters. (line 51)
+* $#: Special Parameters. (line 34)
+* $$: Special Parameters. (line 46)
+* $*: Special Parameters. (line 10)
+* $-: Special Parameters. (line 41)
+* $0: Special Parameters. (line 56)
+* $?: Special Parameters. (line 37)
+* $@: Special Parameters. (line 23)
+* $_: Special Parameters. (line 65)
* *: Special Parameters. (line 9)
-* -: Special Parameters. (line 37)
-* 0: Special Parameters. (line 50)
-* ?: Special Parameters. (line 33)
-* @: Special Parameters. (line 19)
-* _: Special Parameters. (line 59)
+* -: Special Parameters. (line 40)
+* 0: Special Parameters. (line 55)
+* ?: Special Parameters. (line 36)
+* @: Special Parameters. (line 22)
+* _: Special Parameters. (line 64)
* auto_resume: Job Control Variables.
(line 6)
* BASH: Bash Variables. (line 13)
* BASH_ARGV: Bash Variables. (line 47)
* BASH_CMDS: Bash Variables. (line 57)
* BASH_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 64)
-* BASH_ENV: Bash Variables. (line 69)
-* BASH_EXECUTION_STRING: Bash Variables. (line 75)
-* BASH_LINENO: Bash Variables. (line 78)
-* BASH_REMATCH: Bash Variables. (line 87)
-* BASH_SOURCE: Bash Variables. (line 95)
-* BASH_SUBSHELL: Bash Variables. (line 99)
-* BASH_VERSINFO: Bash Variables. (line 103)
-* BASH_VERSION: Bash Variables. (line 127)
-* BASH_XTRACEFD: Bash Variables. (line 130)
+* BASH_COMPAT: Bash Variables. (line 69)
+* BASH_ENV: Bash Variables. (line 84)
+* BASH_EXECUTION_STRING: Bash Variables. (line 90)
+* BASH_LINENO: Bash Variables. (line 93)
+* BASH_REMATCH: Bash Variables. (line 101)
+* BASH_SOURCE: Bash Variables. (line 109)
+* BASH_SUBSHELL: Bash Variables. (line 116)
+* BASH_VERSINFO: Bash Variables. (line 121)
+* BASH_VERSION: Bash Variables. (line 144)
+* BASH_XTRACEFD: Bash Variables. (line 147)
* BASHOPTS: Bash Variables. (line 16)
* BASHPID: Bash Variables. (line 25)
* bell-style: Readline Init File Syntax.
(line 38)
* bind-tty-special-chars: Readline Init File Syntax.
(line 45)
+* blink-matching-paren: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 50)
* CDPATH: Bourne Shell Variables.
(line 9)
-* COLUMNS: Bash Variables. (line 141)
+* CHILD_MAX: Bash Variables. (line 158)
+* colored-stats: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 55)
+* COLUMNS: Bash Variables. (line 165)
* comment-begin: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 50)
-* COMP_CWORD: Bash Variables. (line 146)
-* COMP_KEY: Bash Variables. (line 175)
-* COMP_LINE: Bash Variables. (line 152)
-* COMP_POINT: Bash Variables. (line 157)
-* COMP_TYPE: Bash Variables. (line 165)
-* COMP_WORDBREAKS: Bash Variables. (line 179)
-* COMP_WORDS: Bash Variables. (line 185)
+ (line 61)
+* COMP_CWORD: Bash Variables. (line 171)
+* COMP_KEY: Bash Variables. (line 200)
+* COMP_LINE: Bash Variables. (line 177)
+* COMP_POINT: Bash Variables. (line 182)
+* COMP_TYPE: Bash Variables. (line 190)
+* COMP_WORDBREAKS: Bash Variables. (line 204)
+* COMP_WORDS: Bash Variables. (line 210)
+* completion-display-width: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 66)
+* completion-ignore-case: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 73)
+* completion-map-case: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 78)
* completion-prefix-display-length: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 60)
+ (line 84)
* completion-query-items: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 67)
-* COMPREPLY: Bash Variables. (line 193)
+ (line 91)
+* COMPREPLY: Bash Variables. (line 218)
* convert-meta: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 77)
-* DIRSTACK: Bash Variables. (line 198)
+ (line 101)
+* COPROC: Bash Variables. (line 224)
+* DIRSTACK: Bash Variables. (line 228)
* disable-completion: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 83)
+ (line 107)
* editing-mode: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 88)
-* EMACS: Bash Variables. (line 208)
+ (line 112)
+* EMACS: Bash Variables. (line 238)
* enable-keypad: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 99)
-* EUID: Bash Variables. (line 213)
+ (line 123)
+* ENV: Bash Variables. (line 243)
+* EUID: Bash Variables. (line 247)
* expand-tilde: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 104)
-* FCEDIT: Bash Variables. (line 217)
-* FIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 221)
-* FUNCNAME: Bash Variables. (line 227)
-* GLOBIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 236)
-* GROUPS: Bash Variables. (line 242)
-* histchars: Bash Variables. (line 248)
-* HISTCMD: Bash Variables. (line 263)
-* HISTCONTROL: Bash Variables. (line 268)
-* HISTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 284)
-* HISTFILESIZE: Bash Variables. (line 288)
-* HISTIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 296)
+ (line 134)
+* FCEDIT: Bash Variables. (line 251)
+* FIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 255)
+* FUNCNAME: Bash Variables. (line 261)
+* FUNCNEST: Bash Variables. (line 279)
+* GLOBIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 284)
+* GROUPS: Bash Variables. (line 290)
+* histchars: Bash Variables. (line 296)
+* HISTCMD: Bash Variables. (line 311)
+* HISTCONTROL: Bash Variables. (line 316)
+* HISTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 332)
+* HISTFILESIZE: Bash Variables. (line 336)
+* HISTIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 347)
* history-preserve-point: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 108)
+ (line 138)
* history-size: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 114)
-* HISTSIZE: Bash Variables. (line 315)
-* HISTTIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 319)
+ (line 144)
+* HISTSIZE: Bash Variables. (line 366)
+* HISTTIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 373)
* HOME: Bourne Shell Variables.
(line 13)
* horizontal-scroll-mode: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 119)
-* HOSTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 328)
-* HOSTNAME: Bash Variables. (line 339)
-* HOSTTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 342)
+ (line 151)
+* HOSTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 382)
+* HOSTNAME: Bash Variables. (line 393)
+* HOSTTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 396)
* IFS: Bourne Shell Variables.
(line 18)
-* IGNOREEOF: Bash Variables. (line 345)
+* IGNOREEOF: Bash Variables. (line 399)
* input-meta: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 126)
-* INPUTRC: Bash Variables. (line 355)
+ (line 158)
+* INPUTRC: Bash Variables. (line 409)
* isearch-terminators: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 133)
+ (line 165)
* keymap: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 140)
-* LANG: Bash Variables. (line 359)
-* LC_ALL: Bash Variables. (line 363)
-* LC_COLLATE: Bash Variables. (line 367)
-* LC_CTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 374)
+ (line 172)
+* LANG: Bash Variables. (line 413)
+* LC_ALL: Bash Variables. (line 417)
+* LC_COLLATE: Bash Variables. (line 421)
+* LC_CTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 428)
* LC_MESSAGES <1>: Locale Translation. (line 11)
-* LC_MESSAGES: Bash Variables. (line 379)
-* LC_NUMERIC: Bash Variables. (line 383)
-* LINENO: Bash Variables. (line 387)
-* LINES: Bash Variables. (line 391)
-* MACHTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 396)
+* LC_MESSAGES: Bash Variables. (line 433)
+* LC_NUMERIC: Bash Variables. (line 437)
+* LINENO: Bash Variables. (line 441)
+* LINES: Bash Variables. (line 445)
+* MACHTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 451)
* MAIL: Bourne Shell Variables.
(line 22)
-* MAILCHECK: Bash Variables. (line 400)
+* MAILCHECK: Bash Variables. (line 455)
* MAILPATH: Bourne Shell Variables.
(line 27)
+* MAPFILE: Bash Variables. (line 463)
* mark-modified-lines: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 153)
+ (line 201)
* mark-symlinked-directories: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 158)
+ (line 206)
* match-hidden-files: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 163)
+ (line 211)
+* menu-complete-display-prefix: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 218)
* meta-flag: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 126)
-* OLDPWD: Bash Variables. (line 408)
+ (line 158)
+* OLDPWD: Bash Variables. (line 467)
* OPTARG: Bourne Shell Variables.
(line 34)
-* OPTERR: Bash Variables. (line 411)
+* OPTERR: Bash Variables. (line 470)
* OPTIND: Bourne Shell Variables.
(line 38)
-* OSTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 415)
+* OSTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 474)
* output-meta: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 170)
+ (line 223)
* page-completions: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 175)
+ (line 228)
* PATH: Bourne Shell Variables.
(line 42)
-* PIPESTATUS: Bash Variables. (line 418)
-* POSIXLY_CORRECT: Bash Variables. (line 423)
-* PPID: Bash Variables. (line 432)
-* PROMPT_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 436)
-* PROMPT_DIRTRIM: Bash Variables. (line 440)
+* PIPESTATUS: Bash Variables. (line 477)
+* POSIXLY_CORRECT: Bash Variables. (line 482)
+* PPID: Bash Variables. (line 491)
+* PROMPT_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 495)
+* PROMPT_DIRTRIM: Bash Variables. (line 499)
* PS1: Bourne Shell Variables.
(line 48)
* PS2: Bourne Shell Variables.
(line 53)
-* PS3: Bash Variables. (line 446)
-* PS4: Bash Variables. (line 451)
-* PWD: Bash Variables. (line 457)
-* RANDOM: Bash Variables. (line 460)
-* REPLY: Bash Variables. (line 465)
+* PS3: Bash Variables. (line 505)
+* PS4: Bash Variables. (line 510)
+* PWD: Bash Variables. (line 516)
+* RANDOM: Bash Variables. (line 519)
+* READLINE_LINE: Bash Variables. (line 524)
+* READLINE_POINT: Bash Variables. (line 528)
+* REPLY: Bash Variables. (line 532)
* revert-all-at-newline: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 185)
-* SECONDS: Bash Variables. (line 468)
-* SHELL: Bash Variables. (line 474)
-* SHELLOPTS: Bash Variables. (line 479)
-* SHLVL: Bash Variables. (line 488)
+ (line 238)
+* SECONDS: Bash Variables. (line 535)
+* SHELL: Bash Variables. (line 541)
+* SHELLOPTS: Bash Variables. (line 546)
+* SHLVL: Bash Variables. (line 555)
* show-all-if-ambiguous: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 191)
+ (line 244)
* show-all-if-unmodified: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 197)
+ (line 250)
+* show-mode-in-prompt: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 259)
* skip-completed-text: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 206)
+ (line 264)
* TEXTDOMAIN: Locale Translation. (line 11)
* TEXTDOMAINDIR: Locale Translation. (line 11)
-* TIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 493)
-* TMOUT: Bash Variables. (line 531)
-* TMPDIR: Bash Variables. (line 543)
-* UID: Bash Variables. (line 547)
+* TIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 560)
+* TMOUT: Bash Variables. (line 598)
+* TMPDIR: Bash Variables. (line 610)
+* UID: Bash Variables. (line 614)
* visible-stats: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 219)
+ (line 277)
\1f
File: bash.info, Node: Function Index, Next: Concept Index, Prev: Variable Index, Up: Indexes
(line 10)
* accept-line (Newline or Return): Commands For History. (line 6)
* backward-char (C-b): Commands For Moving. (line 15)
-* backward-delete-char (Rubout): Commands For Text. (line 11)
+* backward-delete-char (Rubout): Commands For Text. (line 17)
* backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout): Commands For Killing. (line 9)
* backward-kill-word (M-<DEL>): Commands For Killing. (line 24)
* backward-word (M-b): Commands For Moving. (line 22)
* beginning-of-history (M-<): Commands For History. (line 20)
* beginning-of-line (C-a): Commands For Moving. (line 6)
* call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e): Keyboard Macros. (line 13)
-* capitalize-word (M-c): Commands For Text. (line 46)
+* capitalize-word (M-c): Commands For Text. (line 52)
* character-search (C-]): Miscellaneous Commands.
(line 41)
* character-search-backward (M-C-]): Miscellaneous Commands.
* copy-backward-word (): Commands For Killing. (line 58)
* copy-forward-word (): Commands For Killing. (line 63)
* copy-region-as-kill (): Commands For Killing. (line 54)
-* delete-char (C-d): Commands For Text. (line 6)
+* delete-char (C-d): Commands For Text. (line 12)
* delete-char-or-list (): Commands For Completion.
- (line 39)
+ (line 43)
* delete-horizontal-space (): Commands For Killing. (line 46)
* digit-argument (M-0, M-1, ... M--): Numeric Arguments. (line 6)
* do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-X, ...): Miscellaneous Commands.
(line 14)
-* downcase-word (M-l): Commands For Text. (line 42)
+* downcase-word (M-l): Commands For Text. (line 48)
* dump-functions (): Miscellaneous Commands.
(line 73)
* dump-macros (): Miscellaneous Commands.
* dump-variables (): Miscellaneous Commands.
(line 79)
* end-kbd-macro (C-x )): Keyboard Macros. (line 9)
+* end-of-file (usually C-d): Commands For Text. (line 6)
* end-of-history (M->): Commands For History. (line 23)
* end-of-line (C-e): Commands For Moving. (line 9)
* exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x): Miscellaneous Commands.
(line 36)
-* forward-backward-delete-char (): Commands For Text. (line 15)
+* forward-backward-delete-char (): Commands For Text. (line 21)
* forward-char (C-f): Commands For Moving. (line 12)
* forward-search-history (C-s): Commands For History. (line 31)
* forward-word (M-f): Commands For Moving. (line 18)
-* history-search-backward (): Commands For History. (line 51)
-* history-search-forward (): Commands For History. (line 46)
+* history-search-backward (): Commands For History. (line 53)
+* history-search-forward (): Commands For History. (line 47)
+* history-substr-search-backward (): Commands For History. (line 65)
+* history-substr-search-forward (): Commands For History. (line 59)
* insert-comment (M-#): Miscellaneous Commands.
(line 60)
* insert-completions (M-*): Commands For Completion.
- (line 18)
+ (line 22)
* kill-line (C-k): Commands For Killing. (line 6)
* kill-region (): Commands For Killing. (line 50)
* kill-whole-line (): Commands For Killing. (line 15)
* kill-word (M-d): Commands For Killing. (line 19)
* menu-complete (): Commands For Completion.
- (line 22)
+ (line 26)
* menu-complete-backward (): Commands For Completion.
- (line 34)
+ (line 38)
* next-history (C-n): Commands For History. (line 17)
* non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n): Commands For History.
(line 41)
* non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p): Commands For History.
- (line 36)
-* overwrite-mode (): Commands For Text. (line 50)
+ (line 35)
+* overwrite-mode (): Commands For Text. (line 56)
* possible-completions (M-?): Commands For Completion.
(line 15)
* prefix-meta (<ESC>): Miscellaneous Commands.
(line 18)
* previous-history (C-p): Commands For History. (line 13)
-* quoted-insert (C-q or C-v): Commands For Text. (line 20)
+* print-last-kbd-macro (): Keyboard Macros. (line 17)
+* quoted-insert (C-q or C-v): Commands For Text. (line 26)
* re-read-init-file (C-x C-r): Miscellaneous Commands.
(line 6)
* redraw-current-line (): Commands For Moving. (line 38)
* reverse-search-history (C-r): Commands For History. (line 27)
* revert-line (M-r): Miscellaneous Commands.
(line 25)
-* self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, ...): Commands For Text. (line 24)
+* self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, ...): Commands For Text. (line 30)
* set-mark (C-@): Miscellaneous Commands.
(line 32)
* skip-csi-sequence (): Miscellaneous Commands.
(line 51)
* start-kbd-macro (C-x (): Keyboard Macros. (line 6)
-* transpose-chars (C-t): Commands For Text. (line 27)
-* transpose-words (M-t): Commands For Text. (line 33)
+* transpose-chars (C-t): Commands For Text. (line 33)
+* transpose-words (M-t): Commands For Text. (line 39)
* undo (C-_ or C-x C-u): Miscellaneous Commands.
(line 22)
* universal-argument (): Numeric Arguments. (line 10)
* unix-filename-rubout (): Commands For Killing. (line 41)
* unix-line-discard (C-u): Commands For Killing. (line 12)
* unix-word-rubout (C-w): Commands For Killing. (line 37)
-* upcase-word (M-u): Commands For Text. (line 38)
+* upcase-word (M-u): Commands For Text. (line 44)
* yank (C-y): Commands For Killing. (line 68)
-* yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_): Commands For History. (line 65)
-* yank-nth-arg (M-C-y): Commands For History. (line 56)
+* yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_): Commands For History. (line 80)
+* yank-nth-arg (M-C-y): Commands For History. (line 71)
* yank-pop (M-y): Commands For Killing. (line 71)
\1f
* functions, shell: Shell Functions. (line 6)
* history builtins: Bash History Builtins.
(line 6)
-* history events: Event Designators. (line 7)
+* history events: Event Designators. (line 8)
* history expansion: History Interaction. (line 6)
* history list: Bash History Facilities.
(line 6)
-* History, how to use: Programmable Completion Builtins.
- (line 237)
+* History, how to use: A Programmable Completion Example.
+ (line 114)
* identifier: Definitions. (line 51)
* initialization file, readline: Readline Init File. (line 6)
* installation: Basic Installation. (line 6)
* interaction, readline: Readline Interaction.
(line 6)
* interactive shell <1>: Interactive Shells. (line 6)
-* interactive shell: Invoking Bash. (line 127)
+* interactive shell: Invoking Bash. (line 128)
* internationalization: Locale Translation. (line 6)
* job: Definitions. (line 38)
* job control <1>: Job Control Basics. (line 6)
* killing text: Readline Killing Commands.
(line 6)
* localization: Locale Translation. (line 6)
-* login shell: Invoking Bash. (line 124)
+* login shell: Invoking Bash. (line 125)
* matching, pattern: Pattern Matching. (line 6)
* metacharacter: Definitions. (line 46)
* name: Definitions. (line 51)
(line 6)
* programmable completion: Programmable Completion.
(line 6)
-* prompting: Printing a Prompt. (line 6)
+* prompting: Controlling the Prompt.
+ (line 6)
* quoting: Quoting. (line 6)
* quoting, ANSI: ANSI-C Quoting. (line 6)
* Readline, how to use: Job Control Variables.
\1f
Tag Table:
-Node: Top\7f1348
-Node: Introduction\7f3189
-Node: What is Bash?\7f3417
-Node: What is a shell?\7f4530
-Node: Definitions\7f7070
-Node: Basic Shell Features\7f9988
-Node: Shell Syntax\7f11207
-Node: Shell Operation\7f12237
-Node: Quoting\7f13531
-Node: Escape Character\7f14834
-Node: Single Quotes\7f15319
-Node: Double Quotes\7f15667
-Node: ANSI-C Quoting\7f16792
-Node: Locale Translation\7f17748
-Node: Comments\7f18644
-Node: Shell Commands\7f19262
-Node: Simple Commands\7f20086
-Node: Pipelines\7f20717
-Node: Lists\7f22973
-Node: Compound Commands\7f24702
-Node: Looping Constructs\7f25506
-Node: Conditional Constructs\7f27961
-Node: Command Grouping\7f35967
-Node: Coprocesses\7f37446
-Node: Shell Functions\7f39090
-Node: Shell Parameters\7f43644
-Node: Positional Parameters\7f46060
-Node: Special Parameters\7f46960
-Node: Shell Expansions\7f49924
-Node: Brace Expansion\7f51849
-Node: Tilde Expansion\7f54604
-Node: Shell Parameter Expansion\7f56955
-Node: Command Substitution\7f65853
-Node: Arithmetic Expansion\7f67186
-Node: Process Substitution\7f68036
-Node: Word Splitting\7f69086
-Node: Filename Expansion\7f70709
-Node: Pattern Matching\7f72848
-Node: Quote Removal\7f76487
-Node: Redirections\7f76782
-Node: Executing Commands\7f85314
-Node: Simple Command Expansion\7f85984
-Node: Command Search and Execution\7f87914
-Node: Command Execution Environment\7f90251
-Node: Environment\7f93237
-Node: Exit Status\7f94897
-Node: Signals\7f96518
-Node: Shell Scripts\7f98486
-Node: Shell Builtin Commands\7f101004
-Node: Bourne Shell Builtins\7f103032
-Node: Bash Builtins\7f120408
-Node: Modifying Shell Behavior\7f144707
-Node: The Set Builtin\7f145052
-Node: The Shopt Builtin\7f154576
-Node: Special Builtins\7f165438
-Node: Shell Variables\7f166417
-Node: Bourne Shell Variables\7f166857
-Node: Bash Variables\7f168838
-Node: Bash Features\7f192324
-Node: Invoking Bash\7f193207
-Node: Bash Startup Files\7f199016
-Node: Interactive Shells\7f204028
-Node: What is an Interactive Shell?\7f204438
-Node: Is this Shell Interactive?\7f205087
-Node: Interactive Shell Behavior\7f205902
-Node: Bash Conditional Expressions\7f209182
-Node: Shell Arithmetic\7f212707
-Node: Aliases\7f215453
-Node: Arrays\7f218025
-Node: The Directory Stack\7f221983
-Node: Directory Stack Builtins\7f222697
-Node: Printing a Prompt\7f225589
-Node: The Restricted Shell\7f228341
-Node: Bash POSIX Mode\7f230173
-Node: Job Control\7f238026
-Node: Job Control Basics\7f238486
-Node: Job Control Builtins\7f243203
-Node: Job Control Variables\7f247567
-Node: Command Line Editing\7f248725
-Node: Introduction and Notation\7f250292
-Node: Readline Interaction\7f251914
-Node: Readline Bare Essentials\7f253105
-Node: Readline Movement Commands\7f254894
-Node: Readline Killing Commands\7f255859
-Node: Readline Arguments\7f257779
-Node: Searching\7f258823
-Node: Readline Init File\7f261009
-Node: Readline Init File Syntax\7f262156
-Node: Conditional Init Constructs\7f276369
-Node: Sample Init File\7f278902
-Node: Bindable Readline Commands\7f282019
-Node: Commands For Moving\7f283226
-Node: Commands For History\7f284370
-Node: Commands For Text\7f287525
-Node: Commands For Killing\7f290198
-Node: Numeric Arguments\7f292649
-Node: Commands For Completion\7f293788
-Node: Keyboard Macros\7f297748
-Node: Miscellaneous Commands\7f298319
-Node: Readline vi Mode\7f304125
-Node: Programmable Completion\7f305039
-Node: Programmable Completion Builtins\7f312245
-Node: Using History Interactively\7f321381
-Node: Bash History Facilities\7f322065
-Node: Bash History Builtins\7f324979
-Node: History Interaction\7f328836
-Node: Event Designators\7f331541
-Node: Word Designators\7f332556
-Node: Modifiers\7f334195
-Node: Installing Bash\7f335599
-Node: Basic Installation\7f336736
-Node: Compilers and Options\7f339428
-Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures\7f340169
-Node: Installation Names\7f341833
-Node: Specifying the System Type\7f342651
-Node: Sharing Defaults\7f343367
-Node: Operation Controls\7f344040
-Node: Optional Features\7f344998
-Node: Reporting Bugs\7f354557
-Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell\7f355758
-Node: GNU Free Documentation License\7f372445
-Node: Indexes\7f397641
-Node: Builtin Index\7f398095
-Node: Reserved Word Index\7f404922
-Node: Variable Index\7f407370
-Node: Function Index\7f419463
-Node: Concept Index\7f426472
+Node: Top\7f932
+Node: Introduction\7f2852
+Node: What is Bash?\7f3080
+Node: What is a shell?\7f4193
+Node: Definitions\7f6732
+Node: Basic Shell Features\7f9650
+Node: Shell Syntax\7f10869
+Node: Shell Operation\7f11899
+Node: Quoting\7f13193
+Node: Escape Character\7f14496
+Node: Single Quotes\7f14981
+Node: Double Quotes\7f15329
+Node: ANSI-C Quoting\7f16454
+Node: Locale Translation\7f17698
+Node: Comments\7f18594
+Node: Shell Commands\7f19212
+Node: Simple Commands\7f20084
+Node: Pipelines\7f20715
+Node: Lists\7f23458
+Node: Compound Commands\7f25187
+Node: Looping Constructs\7f26193
+Node: Conditional Constructs\7f28656
+Node: Command Grouping\7f39586
+Node: Coprocesses\7f41065
+Node: GNU Parallel\7f42898
+Node: Shell Functions\7f46884
+Node: Shell Parameters\7f52092
+Node: Positional Parameters\7f56504
+Node: Special Parameters\7f57404
+Node: Shell Expansions\7f60743
+Node: Brace Expansion\7f62686
+Node: Tilde Expansion\7f65467
+Node: Shell Parameter Expansion\7f67816
+Node: Command Substitution\7f80110
+Node: Arithmetic Expansion\7f81443
+Node: Process Substitution\7f82375
+Node: Word Splitting\7f83425
+Node: Filename Expansion\7f85073
+Node: Pattern Matching\7f87238
+Node: Quote Removal\7f90938
+Node: Redirections\7f91233
+Node: Executing Commands\7f100397
+Node: Simple Command Expansion\7f101067
+Node: Command Search and Execution\7f102997
+Node: Command Execution Environment\7f105334
+Node: Environment\7f108320
+Node: Exit Status\7f109979
+Node: Signals\7f111649
+Node: Shell Scripts\7f113617
+Node: Shell Builtin Commands\7f116135
+Node: Bourne Shell Builtins\7f118162
+Node: Bash Builtins\7f138408
+Node: Modifying Shell Behavior\7f166232
+Node: The Set Builtin\7f166577
+Node: The Shopt Builtin\7f176904
+Node: Special Builtins\7f191345
+Node: Shell Variables\7f192324
+Node: Bourne Shell Variables\7f192764
+Node: Bash Variables\7f194795
+Node: Bash Features\7f221670
+Node: Invoking Bash\7f222569
+Node: Bash Startup Files\7f228516
+Node: Interactive Shells\7f233545
+Node: What is an Interactive Shell?\7f233955
+Node: Is this Shell Interactive?\7f234604
+Node: Interactive Shell Behavior\7f235419
+Node: Bash Conditional Expressions\7f238707
+Node: Shell Arithmetic\7f242709
+Node: Aliases\7f245485
+Node: Arrays\7f248032
+Node: The Directory Stack\7f253013
+Node: Directory Stack Builtins\7f253732
+Node: Controlling the Prompt\7f256688
+Node: The Restricted Shell\7f259460
+Node: Bash POSIX Mode\7f261297
+Node: Job Control\7f270851
+Node: Job Control Basics\7f271311
+Node: Job Control Builtins\7f276030
+Node: Job Control Variables\7f280501
+Node: Command Line Editing\7f281659
+Node: Introduction and Notation\7f283331
+Node: Readline Interaction\7f284953
+Node: Readline Bare Essentials\7f286144
+Node: Readline Movement Commands\7f287933
+Node: Readline Killing Commands\7f288898
+Node: Readline Arguments\7f290818
+Node: Searching\7f291862
+Node: Readline Init File\7f294048
+Node: Readline Init File Syntax\7f295195
+Node: Conditional Init Constructs\7f312404
+Node: Sample Init File\7f314937
+Node: Bindable Readline Commands\7f318055
+Node: Commands For Moving\7f319262
+Node: Commands For History\7f320406
+Node: Commands For Text\7f324702
+Node: Commands For Killing\7f327631
+Node: Numeric Arguments\7f330112
+Node: Commands For Completion\7f331251
+Node: Keyboard Macros\7f335443
+Node: Miscellaneous Commands\7f336131
+Node: Readline vi Mode\7f341937
+Node: Programmable Completion\7f342844
+Node: Programmable Completion Builtins\7f350120
+Node: A Programmable Completion Example\7f359866
+Node: Using History Interactively\7f365116
+Node: Bash History Facilities\7f365800
+Node: Bash History Builtins\7f368799
+Node: History Interaction\7f372727
+Node: Event Designators\7f375432
+Node: Word Designators\7f376654
+Node: Modifiers\7f378293
+Node: Installing Bash\7f379697
+Node: Basic Installation\7f380834
+Node: Compilers and Options\7f383526
+Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures\7f384267
+Node: Installation Names\7f385931
+Node: Specifying the System Type\7f386749
+Node: Sharing Defaults\7f387465
+Node: Operation Controls\7f388138
+Node: Optional Features\7f389096
+Node: Reporting Bugs\7f399159
+Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell\7f400357
+Node: GNU Free Documentation License\7f417216
+Node: Indexes\7f442412
+Node: Builtin Index\7f442866
+Node: Reserved Word Index\7f449693
+Node: Variable Index\7f452141
+Node: Function Index\7f466462
+Node: Concept Index\7f473763
\1f
End Tag Table
--- /dev/null
+#
+# Simple makefile for the sample loadable builtins
+#
+# Copyright (C) 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+# any later version.
+
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
+
+# Include some boilerplate Gnu makefile definitions.
+prefix = @prefix@
+
+exec_prefix = @exec_prefix@
+bindir = @bindir@
+libdir = @libdir@
+infodir = @infodir@
+includedir = @includedir@
+
+topdir = @top_srcdir@
+BUILD_DIR = @BUILD_DIR@
+srcdir = @srcdir@
+VPATH = .:@srcdir@
+
+@SET_MAKE@
+CC = @CC@
+RM = rm -f
+
+SHELL = @MAKE_SHELL@
+
+host_os = @host_os@
+host_cpu = @host_cpu@
+host_vendor = @host_vendor@
+
+CFLAGS = @CFLAGS@
+LOCAL_CFLAGS = @LOCAL_CFLAGS@
+DEFS = @DEFS@
+LOCAL_DEFS = @LOCAL_DEFS@
+
+CPPFLAGS = @CPPFLAGS@
+
+BASHINCDIR = ${topdir}/include
+
+LIBBUILD = ${BUILD_DIR}/lib
+
+INTL_LIBSRC = ${topdir}/lib/intl
+INTL_BUILDDIR = ${LIBBUILD}/intl
+INTL_INC = @INTL_INC@
+LIBINTL_H = @LIBINTL_H@
+
+CCFLAGS = $(DEFS) $(LOCAL_DEFS) $(LOCAL_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS)
+
+#
+# These values are generated for configure by ${topdir}/support/shobj-conf.
+# If your system is not supported by that script, but includes facilities for
+# dynamic loading of shared objects, please update the script and send the
+# changes to bash-maintainers@gnu.org.
+#
+SHOBJ_CC = @SHOBJ_CC@
+SHOBJ_CFLAGS = @SHOBJ_CFLAGS@
+SHOBJ_LD = @SHOBJ_LD@
+SHOBJ_LDFLAGS = @SHOBJ_LDFLAGS@
+SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS = @SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS@
+SHOBJ_LIBS = @SHOBJ_LIBS@
+SHOBJ_STATUS = @SHOBJ_STATUS@
+
+INC = -I. -I.. -I$(topdir) -I$(topdir)/lib -I$(topdir)/builtins \
+ -I$(BASHINCDIR) -I$(BUILD_DIR) -I$(LIBBUILD) \
+ -I$(BUILD_DIR)/builtins $(INTL_INC)
+
+.c.o:
+ $(SHOBJ_CC) $(SHOBJ_CFLAGS) $(CCFLAGS) $(INC) -c -o $@ $<
+
+
+ALLPROG = print truefalse sleep pushd finfo logname basename dirname \
+ tty pathchk tee head mkdir rmdir printenv id whoami \
+ uname sync push ln unlink cut realpath getconf strftime
+OTHERPROG = necho hello cat
+
+all: $(SHOBJ_STATUS)
+
+supported: $(ALLPROG)
+others: $(OTHERPROG)
+
+unsupported:
+ @echo "Your system (${host_os}) is not supported by the"
+ @echo "${topdir}/support/shobj-conf script."
+ @echo "If your operating system provides facilities for dynamic"
+ @echo "loading of shared objects using the dlopen(3) interface,"
+ @echo "please update the script and re-run configure.
+ @echo "Please send the changes you made to bash-maintainers@gnu.org"
+ @echo "for inclusion in future bash releases."
+
+everything: supported others
+
+print: print.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ print.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+necho: necho.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ necho.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+getconf: getconf.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ getconf.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+hello: hello.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ hello.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+truefalse: truefalse.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ truefalse.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+sleep: sleep.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ sleep.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+finfo: finfo.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ finfo.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+cat: cat.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ cat.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+logname: logname.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ logname.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+basename: basename.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ basename.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+dirname: dirname.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ dirname.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+tty: tty.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ tty.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+pathchk: pathchk.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ pathchk.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+tee: tee.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ tee.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+mkdir: mkdir.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ mkdir.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+rmdir: rmdir.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ rmdir.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+head: head.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ head.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+printenv: printenv.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ printenv.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+id: id.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ id.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+whoami: whoami.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ whoami.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+uname: uname.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ uname.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+sync: sync.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ sync.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+push: push.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ push.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+ln: ln.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ ln.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+unlink: unlink.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ unlink.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+cut: cut.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ cut.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+realpath: realpath.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ realpath.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+strftime: strftime.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ strftime.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+# pushd is a special case. We use the same source that the builtin version
+# uses, with special compilation options.
+#
+pushd.c: ${topdir}/builtins/pushd.def
+ $(RM) $@
+ ${BUILD_DIR}/builtins/mkbuiltins -D ${topdir}/builtins ${topdir}/builtins/pushd.def
+
+pushd.o: pushd.c
+ $(RM) $@
+ $(SHOBJ_CC) -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DPUSHD_AND_POPD -DLOADABLE_BUILTIN $(SHOBJ_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(INC) -c -o $@ $<
+
+pushd: pushd.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ pushd.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+clean:
+ $(RM) $(ALLPROG) $(OTHERPROG) *.o
+ -( cd perl && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} $@ )
+
+mostlyclean: clean
+ -( cd perl && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} $@ )
+
+distclean maintainer-clean: clean
+ $(RM) Makefile pushd.c
+ -( cd perl && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} $@ )
+
+print.o: print.c
+truefalse.o: truefalse.c
+sleep.o: sleep.c
+finfo.o: finfo.c
+logname.o: logname.c
+basename.o: basename.c
+dirname.o: dirname.c
+tty.o: tty.c
+pathchk.o: pathchk.c
+tee.o: tee.c
+head.o: head.c
+rmdir.o: rmdir.c
+necho.o: necho.c
+getconf.o: getconf.c
+hello.o: hello.c
+cat.o: cat.c
+printenv.o: printenv.c
+id.o: id.c
+whoami.o: whoami.c
+uname.o: uname.c
+sync.o: sync.c
+push.o: push.c
+mkdir.o: mkdir.c
+realpath.o: realpath.c
+strftime.o: strftime.c
unbind_args (); /* remove the positional parameters */
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
clear_fifo_list (); /* pipe fds are what they are now */
+#endif
longjmp (subshell_top_level, 1);
/*NOTREACHED*/
--- /dev/null
+/* execute_cmd.c -- Execute a COMMAND structure. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1987-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ (at your option) any later version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+#if !defined (__GNUC__) && !defined (HAVE_ALLOCA_H) && defined (_AIX)
+ #pragma alloca
+#endif /* _AIX && RISC6000 && !__GNUC__ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "chartypes.h"
+#include "bashtypes.h"
+#if !defined (_MINIX) && defined (HAVE_SYS_FILE_H)
+# include <sys/file.h>
+#endif
+#include "filecntl.h"
+#include "posixstat.h"
+#include <signal.h>
+#if defined (HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H)
+# include <sys/param.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "posixtime.h"
+
+#if defined (HAVE_SYS_RESOURCE_H) && !defined (RLIMTYPE)
+# include <sys/resource.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HAVE_SYS_TIMES_H) && defined (HAVE_TIMES)
+# include <sys/times.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#if !defined (errno)
+extern int errno;
+#endif
+
+#define NEED_FPURGE_DECL
+
+#include "bashansi.h"
+#include "bashintl.h"
+
+#include "memalloc.h"
+#include "shell.h"
+#include <y.tab.h> /* use <...> so we pick it up from the build directory */
+#include "flags.h"
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "hashlib.h"
+#include "jobs.h"
+#include "execute_cmd.h"
+#include "findcmd.h"
+#include "redir.h"
+#include "trap.h"
+#include "pathexp.h"
+#include "hashcmd.h"
+
+#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
+# include "test.h"
+#endif
+
+#include "builtins/common.h"
+#include "builtins/builtext.h" /* list of builtins */
+
+#include <glob/strmatch.h>
+#include <tilde/tilde.h>
+
+#if defined (BUFFERED_INPUT)
+# include "input.h"
+#endif
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+# include "alias.h"
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HISTORY)
+# include "bashhist.h"
+#endif
+
+extern int dollar_dollar_pid;
+extern int posixly_correct;
+extern int expand_aliases;
+extern int autocd;
+extern int breaking, continuing, loop_level;
+extern int parse_and_execute_level, running_trap, sourcelevel;
+extern int command_string_index, line_number;
+extern int dot_found_in_search;
+extern int already_making_children;
+extern int tempenv_assign_error;
+extern char *the_printed_command, *shell_name;
+extern pid_t last_command_subst_pid;
+extern sh_builtin_func_t *last_shell_builtin, *this_shell_builtin;
+extern char **subshell_argv, **subshell_envp;
+extern int subshell_argc;
+extern time_t shell_start_time;
+#if 0
+extern char *glob_argv_flags;
+#endif
+
+extern int job_control; /* XXX */
+
+extern int close __P((int));
+
+/* Static functions defined and used in this file. */
+static void close_pipes __P((int, int));
+static void do_piping __P((int, int));
+static void bind_lastarg __P((char *));
+static int shell_control_structure __P((enum command_type));
+static void cleanup_redirects __P((REDIRECT *));
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+static int restore_signal_mask __P((sigset_t *));
+#endif
+
+static void async_redirect_stdin __P((void));
+
+static int builtin_status __P((int));
+
+static int execute_for_command __P((FOR_COM *));
+#if defined (SELECT_COMMAND)
+static int displen __P((const char *));
+static int print_index_and_element __P((int, int, WORD_LIST *));
+static void indent __P((int, int));
+static void print_select_list __P((WORD_LIST *, int, int, int));
+static char *select_query __P((WORD_LIST *, int, char *, int));
+static int execute_select_command __P((SELECT_COM *));
+#endif
+#if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
+static int execute_arith_command __P((ARITH_COM *));
+#endif
+#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
+static int execute_cond_node __P((COND_COM *));
+static int execute_cond_command __P((COND_COM *));
+#endif
+#if defined (COMMAND_TIMING)
+static int mkfmt __P((char *, int, int, time_t, int));
+static void print_formatted_time __P((FILE *, char *,
+ time_t, int, time_t, int,
+ time_t, int, int));
+static int time_command __P((COMMAND *, int, int, int, struct fd_bitmap *));
+#endif
+#if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
+static intmax_t eval_arith_for_expr __P((WORD_LIST *, int *));
+static int execute_arith_for_command __P((ARITH_FOR_COM *));
+#endif
+static int execute_case_command __P((CASE_COM *));
+static int execute_while_command __P((WHILE_COM *));
+static int execute_until_command __P((WHILE_COM *));
+static int execute_while_or_until __P((WHILE_COM *, int));
+static int execute_if_command __P((IF_COM *));
+static int execute_null_command __P((REDIRECT *, int, int, int));
+static void fix_assignment_words __P((WORD_LIST *));
+static int execute_simple_command __P((SIMPLE_COM *, int, int, int, struct fd_bitmap *));
+static int execute_builtin __P((sh_builtin_func_t *, WORD_LIST *, int, int));
+static int execute_function __P((SHELL_VAR *, WORD_LIST *, int, struct fd_bitmap *, int, int));
+static int execute_builtin_or_function __P((WORD_LIST *, sh_builtin_func_t *,
+ SHELL_VAR *,
+ REDIRECT *, struct fd_bitmap *, int));
+static void execute_subshell_builtin_or_function __P((WORD_LIST *, REDIRECT *,
+ sh_builtin_func_t *,
+ SHELL_VAR *,
+ int, int, int,
+ struct fd_bitmap *,
+ int));
+static int execute_disk_command __P((WORD_LIST *, REDIRECT *, char *,
+ int, int, int, struct fd_bitmap *, int));
+
+static char *getinterp __P((char *, int, int *));
+static void initialize_subshell __P((void));
+static int execute_in_subshell __P((COMMAND *, int, int, int, struct fd_bitmap *));
+#if defined (COPROCESS_SUPPORT)
+static int execute_coproc __P((COMMAND *, int, int, struct fd_bitmap *));
+#endif
+
+static int execute_pipeline __P((COMMAND *, int, int, int, struct fd_bitmap *));
+
+static int execute_connection __P((COMMAND *, int, int, int, struct fd_bitmap *));
+
+static int execute_intern_function __P((WORD_DESC *, FUNCTION_DEF *));
+
+/* Set to 1 if fd 0 was the subject of redirection to a subshell. Global
+ so that reader_loop can set it to zero before executing a command. */
+int stdin_redir;
+
+/* The name of the command that is currently being executed.
+ `test' needs this, for example. */
+char *this_command_name;
+
+/* The printed representation of the currently-executing command (same as
+ the_printed_command), except when a trap is being executed. Useful for
+ a debugger to know where exactly the program is currently executing. */
+char *the_printed_command_except_trap;
+
+/* For catching RETURN in a function. */
+int return_catch_flag;
+int return_catch_value;
+procenv_t return_catch;
+
+/* The value returned by the last synchronous command. */
+volatile int last_command_exit_value;
+
+/* Whether or not the last command (corresponding to last_command_exit_value)
+ was terminated by a signal, and, if so, which one. */
+int last_command_exit_signal;
+
+/* Are we currently ignoring the -e option for the duration of a builtin's
+ execution? */
+int builtin_ignoring_errexit = 0;
+
+/* The list of redirections to perform which will undo the redirections
+ that I made in the shell. */
+REDIRECT *redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+
+/* The list of redirections to perform which will undo the internal
+ redirections performed by the `exec' builtin. These are redirections
+ that must be undone even when exec discards redirection_undo_list. */
+REDIRECT *exec_redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+
+/* When greater than zero, value is the `level' of builtins we are
+ currently executing (e.g. `eval echo a' would have it set to 2). */
+int executing_builtin = 0;
+
+/* Non-zero if we are executing a command list (a;b;c, etc.) */
+int executing_list = 0;
+
+/* Non-zero if failing commands in a command substitution should not exit the
+ shell even if -e is set. Used to pass the CMD_IGNORE_RETURN flag down to
+ commands run in command substitutions by parse_and_execute. */
+int comsub_ignore_return = 0;
+
+/* Non-zero if we have just forked and are currently running in a subshell
+ environment. */
+int subshell_environment;
+
+/* Count of nested subshells, like SHLVL. Available via $BASH_SUBSHELL */
+int subshell_level = 0;
+
+/* Currently-executing shell function. */
+SHELL_VAR *this_shell_function;
+
+/* If non-zero, matches in case and [[ ... ]] are case-insensitive */
+int match_ignore_case = 0;
+
+int executing_command_builtin = 0;
+
+struct stat SB; /* used for debugging */
+
+static int special_builtin_failed;
+
+static COMMAND *currently_executing_command;
+
+/* The line number that the currently executing function starts on. */
+static int function_line_number;
+
+/* XXX - set to 1 if we're running the DEBUG trap and we want to show the line
+ number containing the function name. Used by executing_line_number to
+ report the correct line number. Kind of a hack. */
+static int showing_function_line;
+
+/* $LINENO ($BASH_LINENO) for use by an ERR trap. Global so parse_and_execute
+ can save and restore it. */
+int line_number_for_err_trap;
+
+/* A sort of function nesting level counter */
+int funcnest = 0;
+int funcnest_max = 0;
+
+int evalnest = 0; /* bash-4.4/bash-5.0 */
+int evalnest_max = EVALNEST_MAX;
+
+int sourcenest = 0;
+int sourcenest_max = SOURCENEST_MAX;
+
+volatile int from_return_trap = 0;
+
+int lastpipe_opt = 0;
+
+struct fd_bitmap *current_fds_to_close = (struct fd_bitmap *)NULL;
+
+#define FD_BITMAP_DEFAULT_SIZE 32
+
+/* Functions to allocate and deallocate the structures used to pass
+ information from the shell to its children about file descriptors
+ to close. */
+struct fd_bitmap *
+new_fd_bitmap (size)
+ int size;
+{
+ struct fd_bitmap *ret;
+
+ ret = (struct fd_bitmap *)xmalloc (sizeof (struct fd_bitmap));
+
+ ret->size = size;
+
+ if (size)
+ {
+ ret->bitmap = (char *)xmalloc (size);
+ memset (ret->bitmap, '\0', size);
+ }
+ else
+ ret->bitmap = (char *)NULL;
+ return (ret);
+}
+
+void
+dispose_fd_bitmap (fdbp)
+ struct fd_bitmap *fdbp;
+{
+ FREE (fdbp->bitmap);
+ free (fdbp);
+}
+
+void
+close_fd_bitmap (fdbp)
+ struct fd_bitmap *fdbp;
+{
+ register int i;
+
+ if (fdbp)
+ {
+ for (i = 0; i < fdbp->size; i++)
+ if (fdbp->bitmap[i])
+ {
+ close (i);
+ fdbp->bitmap[i] = 0;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/* Return the line number of the currently executing command. */
+int
+executing_line_number ()
+{
+ if (executing && showing_function_line == 0 &&
+ (variable_context == 0 || interactive_shell == 0) &&
+ currently_executing_command)
+ {
+#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
+ if (currently_executing_command->type == cm_cond)
+ return currently_executing_command->value.Cond->line;
+#endif
+#if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
+ if (currently_executing_command->type == cm_arith)
+ return currently_executing_command->value.Arith->line;
+#endif
+#if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
+ if (currently_executing_command->type == cm_arith_for)
+ return currently_executing_command->value.ArithFor->line;
+#endif
+
+ return line_number;
+ }
+ else
+ return line_number;
+}
+
+/* Execute the command passed in COMMAND. COMMAND is exactly what
+ read_command () places into GLOBAL_COMMAND. See "command.h" for the
+ details of the command structure.
+
+ EXECUTION_SUCCESS or EXECUTION_FAILURE are the only possible
+ return values. Executing a command with nothing in it returns
+ EXECUTION_SUCCESS. */
+int
+execute_command (command)
+ COMMAND *command;
+{
+ struct fd_bitmap *bitmap;
+ int result;
+
+ current_fds_to_close = (struct fd_bitmap *)NULL;
+ bitmap = new_fd_bitmap (FD_BITMAP_DEFAULT_SIZE);
+ begin_unwind_frame ("execute-command");
+ add_unwind_protect (dispose_fd_bitmap, (char *)bitmap);
+
+ /* Just do the command, but not asynchronously. */
+ result = execute_command_internal (command, 0, NO_PIPE, NO_PIPE, bitmap);
+
+ dispose_fd_bitmap (bitmap);
+ discard_unwind_frame ("execute-command");
+
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
+ /* don't unlink fifos if we're in a shell function; wait until the function
+ returns. */
+ if (variable_context == 0)
+ unlink_fifo_list ();
+#endif /* PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION */
+
+ QUIT;
+ return (result);
+}
+
+/* Return 1 if TYPE is a shell control structure type. */
+static int
+shell_control_structure (type)
+ enum command_type type;
+{
+ switch (type)
+ {
+#if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
+ case cm_arith_for:
+#endif
+#if defined (SELECT_COMMAND)
+ case cm_select:
+#endif
+#if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
+ case cm_arith:
+#endif
+#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
+ case cm_cond:
+#endif
+ case cm_case:
+ case cm_while:
+ case cm_until:
+ case cm_if:
+ case cm_for:
+ case cm_group:
+ case cm_function_def:
+ return (1);
+
+ default:
+ return (0);
+ }
+}
+
+/* A function to use to unwind_protect the redirection undo list
+ for loops. */
+static void
+cleanup_redirects (list)
+ REDIRECT *list;
+{
+ do_redirections (list, RX_ACTIVE);
+ dispose_redirects (list);
+}
+
+#if 0
+/* Function to unwind_protect the redirections for functions and builtins. */
+static void
+cleanup_func_redirects (list)
+ REDIRECT *list;
+{
+ do_redirections (list, RX_ACTIVE);
+}
+#endif
+
+void
+dispose_exec_redirects ()
+{
+ if (exec_redirection_undo_list)
+ {
+ dispose_redirects (exec_redirection_undo_list);
+ exec_redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+ }
+}
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+/* A function to restore the signal mask to its proper value when the shell
+ is interrupted or errors occur while creating a pipeline. */
+static int
+restore_signal_mask (set)
+ sigset_t *set;
+{
+ return (sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, set, (sigset_t *)NULL));
+}
+#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+/* A debugging function that can be called from gdb, for instance. */
+void
+open_files ()
+{
+ register int i;
+ int f, fd_table_size;
+
+ fd_table_size = getdtablesize ();
+
+ fprintf (stderr, "pid %ld open files:", (long)getpid ());
+ for (i = 3; i < fd_table_size; i++)
+ {
+ if ((f = fcntl (i, F_GETFD, 0)) != -1)
+ fprintf (stderr, " %d (%s)", i, f ? "close" : "open");
+ }
+ fprintf (stderr, "\n");
+}
+#endif
+
+static void
+async_redirect_stdin ()
+{
+ int fd;
+
+ fd = open ("/dev/null", O_RDONLY);
+ if (fd > 0)
+ {
+ dup2 (fd, 0);
+ close (fd);
+ }
+ else if (fd < 0)
+ internal_error (_("cannot redirect standard input from /dev/null: %s"), strerror (errno));
+}
+
+#define DESCRIBE_PID(pid) do { if (interactive) describe_pid (pid); } while (0)
+
+/* Execute the command passed in COMMAND, perhaps doing it asynchronously.
+ COMMAND is exactly what read_command () places into GLOBAL_COMMAND.
+ ASYNCHROUNOUS, if non-zero, says to do this command in the background.
+ PIPE_IN and PIPE_OUT are file descriptors saying where input comes
+ from and where it goes. They can have the value of NO_PIPE, which means
+ I/O is stdin/stdout.
+ FDS_TO_CLOSE is a list of file descriptors to close once the child has
+ been forked. This list often contains the unusable sides of pipes, etc.
+
+ EXECUTION_SUCCESS or EXECUTION_FAILURE are the only possible
+ return values. Executing a command with nothing in it returns
+ EXECUTION_SUCCESS. */
+int
+execute_command_internal (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out,
+ fds_to_close)
+ COMMAND *command;
+ int asynchronous;
+ int pipe_in, pipe_out;
+ struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
+{
+ int exec_result, user_subshell, invert, ignore_return, was_error_trap;
+ REDIRECT *my_undo_list, *exec_undo_list;
+ char *tcmd;
+ volatile int last_pid;
+ volatile int save_line_number;
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
+ volatile int ofifo, nfifo, osize, saved_fifo;
+ volatile char *ofifo_list;
+#endif
+
+ if (breaking || continuing)
+ return (last_command_exit_value);
+ if (command == 0 || read_but_dont_execute)
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+
+ QUIT;
+ run_pending_traps ();
+
+#if 0
+ if (running_trap == 0)
+#endif
+ currently_executing_command = command;
+
+ invert = (command->flags & CMD_INVERT_RETURN) != 0;
+
+ /* If we're inverting the return value and `set -e' has been executed,
+ we don't want a failing command to inadvertently cause the shell
+ to exit. */
+ if (exit_immediately_on_error && invert) /* XXX */
+ command->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN; /* XXX */
+
+ exec_result = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+
+ /* If a command was being explicitly run in a subshell, or if it is
+ a shell control-structure, and it has a pipe, then we do the command
+ in a subshell. */
+ if (command->type == cm_subshell && (command->flags & CMD_NO_FORK))
+ return (execute_in_subshell (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close));
+
+#if defined (COPROCESS_SUPPORT)
+ if (command->type == cm_coproc)
+ return (execute_coproc (command, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close));
+#endif
+
+ user_subshell = command->type == cm_subshell || ((command->flags & CMD_WANT_SUBSHELL) != 0);
+
+ if (command->type == cm_subshell ||
+ (command->flags & (CMD_WANT_SUBSHELL|CMD_FORCE_SUBSHELL)) ||
+ (shell_control_structure (command->type) &&
+ (pipe_out != NO_PIPE || pipe_in != NO_PIPE || asynchronous)))
+ {
+ pid_t paren_pid;
+ int s;
+
+ /* Fork a subshell, turn off the subshell bit, turn off job
+ control and call execute_command () on the command again. */
+ line_number_for_err_trap = line_number;
+ tcmd = make_command_string (command);
+ paren_pid = make_child (savestring (tcmd), asynchronous);
+
+ if (user_subshell && signal_is_trapped (ERROR_TRAP) &&
+ signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0 && running_trap == 0)
+ {
+ FREE (the_printed_command_except_trap);
+ the_printed_command_except_trap = savestring (the_printed_command);
+ }
+
+ if (paren_pid == 0)
+ {
+ /* We want to run the exit trap for forced {} subshells, and we
+ want to note this before execute_in_subshell modifies the
+ COMMAND struct. Need to keep in mind that execute_in_subshell
+ runs the exit trap for () subshells itself. */
+ /* This handles { command; } & */
+ s = user_subshell == 0 && command->type == cm_group && pipe_in == NO_PIPE && pipe_out == NO_PIPE && asynchronous;
+ /* run exit trap for : | { ...; } and { ...; } | : */
+ /* run exit trap for : | ( ...; ) and ( ...; ) | : */
+ s += user_subshell == 0 && command->type == cm_group && (pipe_in != NO_PIPE || pipe_out != NO_PIPE) && asynchronous == 0;
+
+ last_command_exit_value = execute_in_subshell (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
+ if (s)
+ subshell_exit (last_command_exit_value);
+ else
+ exit (last_command_exit_value);
+ /* NOTREACHED */
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ close_pipes (pipe_in, pipe_out);
+
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION) && defined (HAVE_DEV_FD)
+ if (variable_context == 0) /* wait until shell function completes */
+ unlink_fifo_list ();
+#endif
+ /* If we are part of a pipeline, and not the end of the pipeline,
+ then we should simply return and let the last command in the
+ pipe be waited for. If we are not in a pipeline, or are the
+ last command in the pipeline, then we wait for the subshell
+ and return its exit status as usual. */
+ if (pipe_out != NO_PIPE)
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+
+ stop_pipeline (asynchronous, (COMMAND *)NULL);
+
+ if (asynchronous == 0)
+ {
+ was_error_trap = signal_is_trapped (ERROR_TRAP) && signal_is_ignored (ERROR_TRAP) == 0;
+ invert = (command->flags & CMD_INVERT_RETURN) != 0;
+ ignore_return = (command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN) != 0;
+
+ exec_result = wait_for (paren_pid);
+
+ /* If we have to, invert the return value. */
+ if (invert)
+ exec_result = ((exec_result == EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ ? EXECUTION_FAILURE
+ : EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+
+ last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
+ if (user_subshell && was_error_trap && ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ save_line_number = line_number;
+ line_number = line_number_for_err_trap;
+ run_error_trap ();
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+ }
+
+ if (user_subshell && ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exit_immediately_on_error && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ run_pending_traps ();
+ jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
+ }
+
+ return (last_command_exit_value);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ DESCRIBE_PID (paren_pid);
+
+ run_pending_traps ();
+
+ /* Posix 2013 2.9.3.1: "the exit status of an asynchronous list
+ shall be zero." */
+ last_command_exit_value = 0;
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+#if defined (COMMAND_TIMING)
+ if (command->flags & CMD_TIME_PIPELINE)
+ {
+ if (asynchronous)
+ {
+ command->flags |= CMD_FORCE_SUBSHELL;
+ exec_result = execute_command_internal (command, 1, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ exec_result = time_command (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
+#if 0
+ if (running_trap == 0)
+#endif
+ currently_executing_command = (COMMAND *)NULL;
+ }
+ return (exec_result);
+ }
+#endif /* COMMAND_TIMING */
+
+ if (shell_control_structure (command->type) && command->redirects)
+ stdin_redir = stdin_redirects (command->redirects);
+
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
+ if (variable_context != 0)
+ {
+ ofifo = num_fifos ();
+ ofifo_list = copy_fifo_list ((int *)&osize);
+ saved_fifo = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ saved_fifo = 0;
+#endif
+
+ /* Handle WHILE FOR CASE etc. with redirections. (Also '&' input
+ redirection.) */
+ if (do_redirections (command->redirects, RX_ACTIVE|RX_UNDOABLE) != 0)
+ {
+ cleanup_redirects (redirection_undo_list);
+ redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+ dispose_exec_redirects ();
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
+ if (saved_fifo)
+ free ((void *)ofifo_list);
+#endif
+ return (last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ if (redirection_undo_list)
+ {
+ /* XXX - why copy here? */
+ my_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)copy_redirects (redirection_undo_list);
+ dispose_redirects (redirection_undo_list);
+ redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+ }
+ else
+ my_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+
+ if (exec_redirection_undo_list)
+ {
+ /* XXX - why copy here? */
+ exec_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)copy_redirects (exec_redirection_undo_list);
+ dispose_redirects (exec_redirection_undo_list);
+ exec_redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+ }
+ else
+ exec_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+
+ if (my_undo_list || exec_undo_list)
+ begin_unwind_frame ("loop_redirections");
+
+ if (my_undo_list)
+ add_unwind_protect ((Function *)cleanup_redirects, my_undo_list);
+
+ if (exec_undo_list)
+ add_unwind_protect ((Function *)dispose_redirects, exec_undo_list);
+
+ ignore_return = (command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN) != 0;
+
+ QUIT;
+
+ switch (command->type)
+ {
+ case cm_simple:
+ {
+ save_line_number = line_number;
+ /* We can't rely on variables retaining their values across a
+ call to execute_simple_command if a longjmp occurs as the
+ result of a `return' builtin. This is true for sure with gcc. */
+#if defined (RECYCLES_PIDS)
+ last_made_pid = NO_PID;
+#endif
+ last_pid = last_made_pid;
+ was_error_trap = signal_is_trapped (ERROR_TRAP) && signal_is_ignored (ERROR_TRAP) == 0;
+
+ if (ignore_return && command->value.Simple)
+ command->value.Simple->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ if (command->flags & CMD_STDIN_REDIR)
+ command->value.Simple->flags |= CMD_STDIN_REDIR;
+
+ line_number_for_err_trap = line_number = command->value.Simple->line;
+ exec_result =
+ execute_simple_command (command->value.Simple, pipe_in, pipe_out,
+ asynchronous, fds_to_close);
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+
+ /* The temporary environment should be used for only the simple
+ command immediately following its definition. */
+ dispose_used_env_vars ();
+
+#if (defined (ultrix) && defined (mips)) || defined (C_ALLOCA)
+ /* Reclaim memory allocated with alloca () on machines which
+ may be using the alloca emulation code. */
+ (void) alloca (0);
+#endif /* (ultrix && mips) || C_ALLOCA */
+
+ /* If we forked to do the command, then we must wait_for ()
+ the child. */
+
+ /* XXX - this is something to watch out for if there are problems
+ when the shell is compiled without job control. Don't worry about
+ whether or not last_made_pid == last_pid; already_making_children
+ tells us whether or not there are unwaited-for children to wait
+ for and reap. */
+ if (already_making_children && pipe_out == NO_PIPE)
+ {
+ stop_pipeline (asynchronous, (COMMAND *)NULL);
+
+ if (asynchronous)
+ {
+ DESCRIBE_PID (last_made_pid);
+ exec_result = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+ invert = 0; /* async commands always succeed */
+ }
+ else
+#if !defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ /* Do not wait for asynchronous processes started from
+ startup files. */
+ if (last_made_pid != last_asynchronous_pid)
+#endif
+ /* When executing a shell function that executes other
+ commands, this causes the last simple command in
+ the function to be waited for twice. This also causes
+ subshells forked to execute builtin commands (e.g., in
+ pipelines) to be waited for twice. */
+ exec_result = wait_for (last_made_pid);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* 2009/02/13 -- pipeline failure is processed elsewhere. This handles
+ only the failure of a simple command. */
+ if (was_error_trap && ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && pipe_in == NO_PIPE && pipe_out == NO_PIPE && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
+ line_number = line_number_for_err_trap;
+ run_error_trap ();
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+ }
+
+ if (ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 &&
+ ((posixly_correct && interactive == 0 && special_builtin_failed) ||
+ (exit_immediately_on_error && pipe_in == NO_PIPE && pipe_out == NO_PIPE && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)))
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
+ run_pending_traps ();
+
+#if 0 /* XXX - bash-4.4 or bash-5.0 */
+ /* Undo redirections before running exit trap on the way out of
+ set -e. Report by Mark Farrell 5/19/2014 */
+ if (exit_immediately_on_error && signal_is_trapped (0) &&
+ unwind_protect_tag_on_stack ("saved-redirects"))
+ run_unwind_frame ("saved-redirects");
+#endif
+
+ jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
+ }
+
+ break;
+
+ case cm_for:
+ if (ignore_return)
+ command->value.For->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ exec_result = execute_for_command (command->value.For);
+ break;
+
+#if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
+ case cm_arith_for:
+ if (ignore_return)
+ command->value.ArithFor->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ exec_result = execute_arith_for_command (command->value.ArithFor);
+ break;
+#endif
+
+#if defined (SELECT_COMMAND)
+ case cm_select:
+ if (ignore_return)
+ command->value.Select->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ exec_result = execute_select_command (command->value.Select);
+ break;
+#endif
+
+ case cm_case:
+ if (ignore_return)
+ command->value.Case->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ exec_result = execute_case_command (command->value.Case);
+ break;
+
+ case cm_while:
+ if (ignore_return)
+ command->value.While->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ exec_result = execute_while_command (command->value.While);
+ break;
+
+ case cm_until:
+ if (ignore_return)
+ command->value.While->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ exec_result = execute_until_command (command->value.While);
+ break;
+
+ case cm_if:
+ if (ignore_return)
+ command->value.If->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ exec_result = execute_if_command (command->value.If);
+ break;
+
+ case cm_group:
+
+ /* This code can be executed from either of two paths: an explicit
+ '{}' command, or via a function call. If we are executed via a
+ function call, we have already taken care of the function being
+ executed in the background (down there in execute_simple_command ()),
+ and this command should *not* be marked as asynchronous. If we
+ are executing a regular '{}' group command, and asynchronous == 1,
+ we must want to execute the whole command in the background, so we
+ need a subshell, and we want the stuff executed in that subshell
+ (this group command) to be executed in the foreground of that
+ subshell (i.e. there will not be *another* subshell forked).
+
+ What we do is to force a subshell if asynchronous, and then call
+ execute_command_internal again with asynchronous still set to 1,
+ but with the original group command, so the printed command will
+ look right.
+
+ The code above that handles forking off subshells will note that
+ both subshell and async are on, and turn off async in the child
+ after forking the subshell (but leave async set in the parent, so
+ the normal call to describe_pid is made). This turning off
+ async is *crucial*; if it is not done, this will fall into an
+ infinite loop of executions through this spot in subshell after
+ subshell until the process limit is exhausted. */
+
+ if (asynchronous)
+ {
+ command->flags |= CMD_FORCE_SUBSHELL;
+ exec_result =
+ execute_command_internal (command, 1, pipe_in, pipe_out,
+ fds_to_close);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (ignore_return && command->value.Group->command)
+ command->value.Group->command->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ exec_result =
+ execute_command_internal (command->value.Group->command,
+ asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out,
+ fds_to_close);
+ }
+ break;
+
+ case cm_connection:
+ exec_result = execute_connection (command, asynchronous,
+ pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
+ if (asynchronous)
+ invert = 0; /* XXX */
+
+ break;
+
+#if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
+ case cm_arith:
+ was_error_trap = signal_is_trapped (ERROR_TRAP) && signal_is_ignored (ERROR_TRAP) == 0;
+ if (ignore_return)
+ command->value.Arith->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ line_number_for_err_trap = save_line_number = line_number;
+ exec_result = execute_arith_command (command->value.Arith);
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+
+ if (was_error_trap && ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
+ save_line_number = line_number;
+ line_number = line_number_for_err_trap;
+ run_error_trap ();
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+ }
+
+ if (ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exit_immediately_on_error && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
+ run_pending_traps ();
+ jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
+ }
+
+ break;
+#endif
+
+#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
+ case cm_cond:
+ was_error_trap = signal_is_trapped (ERROR_TRAP) && signal_is_ignored (ERROR_TRAP) == 0;
+ if (ignore_return)
+ command->value.Cond->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+
+ line_number_for_err_trap = save_line_number = line_number;
+ exec_result = execute_cond_command (command->value.Cond);
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+
+ if (was_error_trap && ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
+ save_line_number = line_number;
+ line_number = line_number_for_err_trap;
+ run_error_trap ();
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+ }
+
+ if (ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exit_immediately_on_error && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
+ run_pending_traps ();
+ jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
+ }
+
+ break;
+#endif
+
+ case cm_function_def:
+ exec_result = execute_intern_function (command->value.Function_def->name,
+ command->value.Function_def);
+ break;
+
+ default:
+ command_error ("execute_command", CMDERR_BADTYPE, command->type, 0);
+ }
+
+ if (my_undo_list)
+ {
+ do_redirections (my_undo_list, RX_ACTIVE);
+ dispose_redirects (my_undo_list);
+ }
+
+ if (exec_undo_list)
+ dispose_redirects (exec_undo_list);
+
+ if (my_undo_list || exec_undo_list)
+ discard_unwind_frame ("loop_redirections");
+
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
+ if (saved_fifo)
+ {
+ nfifo = num_fifos ();
+ if (nfifo > ofifo)
+ close_new_fifos ((char *)ofifo_list, osize);
+ free ((void *)ofifo_list);
+ }
+#endif
+
+ /* Invert the return value if we have to */
+ if (invert)
+ exec_result = (exec_result == EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ ? EXECUTION_FAILURE
+ : EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+
+#if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC) || defined (COND_COMMAND)
+ /* This is where we set PIPESTATUS from the exit status of the appropriate
+ compound commands (the ones that look enough like simple commands to
+ cause confusion). We might be able to optimize by not doing this if
+ subshell_environment != 0. */
+ switch (command->type)
+ {
+# if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
+ case cm_arith:
+# endif
+# if defined (COND_COMMAND)
+ case cm_cond:
+# endif
+ set_pipestatus_from_exit (exec_result);
+ break;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
+ run_pending_traps ();
+#if 0
+ if (running_trap == 0)
+#endif
+ currently_executing_command = (COMMAND *)NULL;
+
+ return (last_command_exit_value);
+}
+
+#if defined (COMMAND_TIMING)
+
+#if defined (HAVE_GETRUSAGE) && defined (HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY)
+extern struct timeval *difftimeval __P((struct timeval *, struct timeval *, struct timeval *));
+extern struct timeval *addtimeval __P((struct timeval *, struct timeval *, struct timeval *));
+extern int timeval_to_cpu __P((struct timeval *, struct timeval *, struct timeval *));
+#endif
+
+#define POSIX_TIMEFORMAT "real %2R\nuser %2U\nsys %2S"
+#define BASH_TIMEFORMAT "\nreal\t%3lR\nuser\t%3lU\nsys\t%3lS"
+
+static const int precs[] = { 0, 100, 10, 1 };
+
+#if defined (HAVE_LOCALE_H) && defined (HAVE_LOCALECONV)
+static int
+decpoint ()
+{
+ struct lconv *lv;
+
+ lv = localeconv ();
+ return (lv && lv->decimal_point && lv->decimal_point[0]) ? lv->decimal_point[0] : '.';
+}
+#else
+# define decpoint() '.'
+#endif
+
+/* Expand one `%'-prefixed escape sequence from a time format string. */
+static int
+mkfmt (buf, prec, lng, sec, sec_fraction)
+ char *buf;
+ int prec, lng;
+ time_t sec;
+ int sec_fraction;
+{
+ time_t min;
+ char abuf[INT_STRLEN_BOUND(time_t) + 1];
+ int ind, aind;
+
+ ind = 0;
+ abuf[sizeof(abuf) - 1] = '\0';
+
+ /* If LNG is non-zero, we want to decompose SEC into minutes and seconds. */
+ if (lng)
+ {
+ min = sec / 60;
+ sec %= 60;
+ aind = sizeof(abuf) - 2;
+ do
+ abuf[aind--] = (min % 10) + '0';
+ while (min /= 10);
+ aind++;
+ while (abuf[aind])
+ buf[ind++] = abuf[aind++];
+ buf[ind++] = 'm';
+ }
+
+ /* Now add the seconds. */
+ aind = sizeof (abuf) - 2;
+ do
+ abuf[aind--] = (sec % 10) + '0';
+ while (sec /= 10);
+ aind++;
+ while (abuf[aind])
+ buf[ind++] = abuf[aind++];
+
+ /* We want to add a decimal point and PREC places after it if PREC is
+ nonzero. PREC is not greater than 3. SEC_FRACTION is between 0
+ and 999. */
+ if (prec != 0)
+ {
+ buf[ind++] = decpoint ();
+ for (aind = 1; aind <= prec; aind++)
+ {
+ buf[ind++] = (sec_fraction / precs[aind]) + '0';
+ sec_fraction %= precs[aind];
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (lng)
+ buf[ind++] = 's';
+ buf[ind] = '\0';
+
+ return (ind);
+}
+
+/* Interpret the format string FORMAT, interpolating the following escape
+ sequences:
+ %[prec][l][RUS]
+
+ where the optional `prec' is a precision, meaning the number of
+ characters after the decimal point, the optional `l' means to format
+ using minutes and seconds (MMmNN[.FF]s), like the `times' builtin',
+ and the last character is one of
+
+ R number of seconds of `real' time
+ U number of seconds of `user' time
+ S number of seconds of `system' time
+
+ An occurrence of `%%' in the format string is translated to a `%'. The
+ result is printed to FP, a pointer to a FILE. The other variables are
+ the seconds and thousandths of a second of real, user, and system time,
+ resectively. */
+static void
+print_formatted_time (fp, format, rs, rsf, us, usf, ss, ssf, cpu)
+ FILE *fp;
+ char *format;
+ time_t rs;
+ int rsf;
+ time_t us;
+ int usf;
+ time_t ss;
+ int ssf, cpu;
+{
+ int prec, lng, len;
+ char *str, *s, ts[INT_STRLEN_BOUND (time_t) + sizeof ("mSS.FFFF")];
+ time_t sum;
+ int sum_frac;
+ int sindex, ssize;
+
+ len = strlen (format);
+ ssize = (len + 64) - (len % 64);
+ str = (char *)xmalloc (ssize);
+ sindex = 0;
+
+ for (s = format; *s; s++)
+ {
+ if (*s != '%' || s[1] == '\0')
+ {
+ RESIZE_MALLOCED_BUFFER (str, sindex, 1, ssize, 64);
+ str[sindex++] = *s;
+ }
+ else if (s[1] == '%')
+ {
+ s++;
+ RESIZE_MALLOCED_BUFFER (str, sindex, 1, ssize, 64);
+ str[sindex++] = *s;
+ }
+ else if (s[1] == 'P')
+ {
+ s++;
+#if 0
+ /* clamp CPU usage at 100% */
+ if (cpu > 10000)
+ cpu = 10000;
+#endif
+ sum = cpu / 100;
+ sum_frac = (cpu % 100) * 10;
+ len = mkfmt (ts, 2, 0, sum, sum_frac);
+ RESIZE_MALLOCED_BUFFER (str, sindex, len, ssize, 64);
+ strcpy (str + sindex, ts);
+ sindex += len;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ prec = 3; /* default is three places past the decimal point. */
+ lng = 0; /* default is to not use minutes or append `s' */
+ s++;
+ if (DIGIT (*s)) /* `precision' */
+ {
+ prec = *s++ - '0';
+ if (prec > 3) prec = 3;
+ }
+ if (*s == 'l') /* `length extender' */
+ {
+ lng = 1;
+ s++;
+ }
+ if (*s == 'R' || *s == 'E')
+ len = mkfmt (ts, prec, lng, rs, rsf);
+ else if (*s == 'U')
+ len = mkfmt (ts, prec, lng, us, usf);
+ else if (*s == 'S')
+ len = mkfmt (ts, prec, lng, ss, ssf);
+ else
+ {
+ internal_error (_("TIMEFORMAT: `%c': invalid format character"), *s);
+ free (str);
+ return;
+ }
+ RESIZE_MALLOCED_BUFFER (str, sindex, len, ssize, 64);
+ strcpy (str + sindex, ts);
+ sindex += len;
+ }
+ }
+
+ str[sindex] = '\0';
+ fprintf (fp, "%s\n", str);
+ fflush (fp);
+
+ free (str);
+}
+
+static int
+time_command (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close)
+ COMMAND *command;
+ int asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out;
+ struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
+{
+ int rv, posix_time, old_flags, nullcmd;
+ time_t rs, us, ss;
+ int rsf, usf, ssf;
+ int cpu;
+ char *time_format;
+
+#if defined (HAVE_GETRUSAGE) && defined (HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY)
+ struct timeval real, user, sys;
+ struct timeval before, after;
+# if defined (HAVE_STRUCT_TIMEZONE)
+ struct timezone dtz; /* posix doesn't define this */
+# endif
+ struct rusage selfb, selfa, kidsb, kidsa; /* a = after, b = before */
+#else
+# if defined (HAVE_TIMES)
+ clock_t tbefore, tafter, real, user, sys;
+ struct tms before, after;
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HAVE_GETRUSAGE) && defined (HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY)
+# if defined (HAVE_STRUCT_TIMEZONE)
+ gettimeofday (&before, &dtz);
+# else
+ gettimeofday (&before, (void *)NULL);
+# endif /* !HAVE_STRUCT_TIMEZONE */
+ getrusage (RUSAGE_SELF, &selfb);
+ getrusage (RUSAGE_CHILDREN, &kidsb);
+#else
+# if defined (HAVE_TIMES)
+ tbefore = times (&before);
+# endif
+#endif
+
+ posix_time = command && (command->flags & CMD_TIME_POSIX);
+
+ nullcmd = (command == 0) || (command->type == cm_simple && command->value.Simple->words == 0 && command->value.Simple->redirects == 0);
+ if (posixly_correct && nullcmd)
+ {
+#if defined (HAVE_GETRUSAGE)
+ selfb.ru_utime.tv_sec = kidsb.ru_utime.tv_sec = selfb.ru_stime.tv_sec = kidsb.ru_stime.tv_sec = 0;
+ selfb.ru_utime.tv_usec = kidsb.ru_utime.tv_usec = selfb.ru_stime.tv_usec = kidsb.ru_stime.tv_usec = 0;
+ before.tv_sec = shell_start_time;
+ before.tv_usec = 0;
+#else
+ before.tms_utime = before.tms_stime = before.tms_cutime = before.tms_cstime = 0;
+ tbefore = shell_start_time;
+#endif
+ }
+
+ old_flags = command->flags;
+ command->flags &= ~(CMD_TIME_PIPELINE|CMD_TIME_POSIX);
+ rv = execute_command_internal (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
+ command->flags = old_flags;
+
+ rs = us = ss = 0;
+ rsf = usf = ssf = cpu = 0;
+
+#if defined (HAVE_GETRUSAGE) && defined (HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY)
+# if defined (HAVE_STRUCT_TIMEZONE)
+ gettimeofday (&after, &dtz);
+# else
+ gettimeofday (&after, (void *)NULL);
+# endif /* !HAVE_STRUCT_TIMEZONE */
+ getrusage (RUSAGE_SELF, &selfa);
+ getrusage (RUSAGE_CHILDREN, &kidsa);
+
+ difftimeval (&real, &before, &after);
+ timeval_to_secs (&real, &rs, &rsf);
+
+ addtimeval (&user, difftimeval(&after, &selfb.ru_utime, &selfa.ru_utime),
+ difftimeval(&before, &kidsb.ru_utime, &kidsa.ru_utime));
+ timeval_to_secs (&user, &us, &usf);
+
+ addtimeval (&sys, difftimeval(&after, &selfb.ru_stime, &selfa.ru_stime),
+ difftimeval(&before, &kidsb.ru_stime, &kidsa.ru_stime));
+ timeval_to_secs (&sys, &ss, &ssf);
+
+ cpu = timeval_to_cpu (&real, &user, &sys);
+#else
+# if defined (HAVE_TIMES)
+ tafter = times (&after);
+
+ real = tafter - tbefore;
+ clock_t_to_secs (real, &rs, &rsf);
+
+ user = (after.tms_utime - before.tms_utime) + (after.tms_cutime - before.tms_cutime);
+ clock_t_to_secs (user, &us, &usf);
+
+ sys = (after.tms_stime - before.tms_stime) + (after.tms_cstime - before.tms_cstime);
+ clock_t_to_secs (sys, &ss, &ssf);
+
+ cpu = (real == 0) ? 0 : ((user + sys) * 10000) / real;
+
+# else
+ rs = us = ss = 0;
+ rsf = usf = ssf = cpu = 0;
+# endif
+#endif
+
+ if (posix_time)
+ time_format = POSIX_TIMEFORMAT;
+ else if ((time_format = get_string_value ("TIMEFORMAT")) == 0)
+ {
+ if (posixly_correct && nullcmd)
+ time_format = "user\t%2lU\nsys\t%2lS";
+ else
+ time_format = BASH_TIMEFORMAT;
+ }
+ if (time_format && *time_format)
+ print_formatted_time (stderr, time_format, rs, rsf, us, usf, ss, ssf, cpu);
+
+ return rv;
+}
+#endif /* COMMAND_TIMING */
+
+/* Execute a command that's supposed to be in a subshell. This must be
+ called after make_child and we must be running in the child process.
+ The caller will return or exit() immediately with the value this returns. */
+static int
+execute_in_subshell (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close)
+ COMMAND *command;
+ int asynchronous;
+ int pipe_in, pipe_out;
+ struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
+{
+ int user_subshell, return_code, function_value, should_redir_stdin, invert;
+ int ois, user_coproc;
+ int result;
+ volatile COMMAND *tcom;
+
+ USE_VAR(user_subshell);
+ USE_VAR(user_coproc);
+ USE_VAR(invert);
+ USE_VAR(tcom);
+ USE_VAR(asynchronous);
+
+ subshell_level++;
+ should_redir_stdin = (asynchronous && (command->flags & CMD_STDIN_REDIR) &&
+ pipe_in == NO_PIPE &&
+ stdin_redirects (command->redirects) == 0);
+
+ invert = (command->flags & CMD_INVERT_RETURN) != 0;
+ user_subshell = command->type == cm_subshell || ((command->flags & CMD_WANT_SUBSHELL) != 0);
+ user_coproc = command->type == cm_coproc;
+
+ command->flags &= ~(CMD_FORCE_SUBSHELL | CMD_WANT_SUBSHELL | CMD_INVERT_RETURN);
+
+ /* If a command is asynchronous in a subshell (like ( foo ) & or
+ the special case of an asynchronous GROUP command where the
+ the subshell bit is turned on down in case cm_group: below),
+ turn off `asynchronous', so that two subshells aren't spawned.
+ XXX - asynchronous used to be set to 0 in this block, but that
+ means that setup_async_signals was never run. Now it's set to
+ 0 after subshell_environment is set appropriately and setup_async_signals
+ is run.
+
+ This seems semantically correct to me. For example,
+ ( foo ) & seems to say ``do the command `foo' in a subshell
+ environment, but don't wait for that subshell to finish'',
+ and "{ foo ; bar ; } &" seems to me to be like functions or
+ builtins in the background, which executed in a subshell
+ environment. I just don't see the need to fork two subshells. */
+
+ /* Don't fork again, we are already in a subshell. A `doubly
+ async' shell is not interactive, however. */
+ if (asynchronous)
+ {
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ /* If a construct like ( exec xxx yyy ) & is given while job
+ control is active, we want to prevent exec from putting the
+ subshell back into the original process group, carefully
+ undoing all the work we just did in make_child. */
+ original_pgrp = -1;
+#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
+ ois = interactive_shell;
+ interactive_shell = 0;
+ /* This test is to prevent alias expansion by interactive shells that
+ run `(command) &' but to allow scripts that have enabled alias
+ expansion with `shopt -s expand_alias' to continue to expand
+ aliases. */
+ if (ois != interactive_shell)
+ expand_aliases = 0;
+ }
+
+ /* Subshells are neither login nor interactive. */
+ login_shell = interactive = 0;
+
+ if (user_subshell)
+ subshell_environment = SUBSHELL_PAREN; /* XXX */
+ else
+ {
+ subshell_environment = 0; /* XXX */
+ if (asynchronous)
+ subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_ASYNC;
+ if (pipe_in != NO_PIPE || pipe_out != NO_PIPE)
+ subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_PIPE;
+ if (user_coproc)
+ subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_COPROC;
+ }
+
+ reset_terminating_signals (); /* in sig.c */
+ /* Cancel traps, in trap.c. */
+ /* Reset the signal handlers in the child, but don't free the
+ trap strings. Set a flag noting that we have to free the
+ trap strings if we run trap to change a signal disposition. */
+ reset_signal_handlers ();
+ subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_RESETTRAP;
+
+ /* Make sure restore_original_signals doesn't undo the work done by
+ make_child to ensure that asynchronous children are immune to SIGINT
+ and SIGQUIT. Turn off asynchronous to make sure more subshells are
+ not spawned. */
+ if (asynchronous)
+ {
+ setup_async_signals ();
+ asynchronous = 0;
+ }
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ set_sigchld_handler ();
+#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
+
+ set_sigint_handler ();
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ /* Delete all traces that there were any jobs running. This is
+ only for subshells. */
+ without_job_control ();
+#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
+
+ if (fds_to_close)
+ close_fd_bitmap (fds_to_close);
+
+ do_piping (pipe_in, pipe_out);
+
+#if defined (COPROCESS_SUPPORT)
+ coproc_closeall ();
+#endif
+
+ /* If this is a user subshell, set a flag if stdin was redirected.
+ This is used later to decide whether to redirect fd 0 to
+ /dev/null for async commands in the subshell. This adds more
+ sh compatibility, but I'm not sure it's the right thing to do. */
+ if (user_subshell)
+ {
+ stdin_redir = stdin_redirects (command->redirects);
+ restore_default_signal (EXIT_TRAP);
+ }
+
+ /* If this is an asynchronous command (command &), we want to
+ redirect the standard input from /dev/null in the absence of
+ any specific redirection involving stdin. */
+ if (should_redir_stdin && stdin_redir == 0)
+ async_redirect_stdin ();
+
+ /* Do redirections, then dispose of them before recursive call. */
+ if (command->redirects)
+ {
+ if (do_redirections (command->redirects, RX_ACTIVE) != 0)
+ exit (invert ? EXECUTION_SUCCESS : EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+
+ dispose_redirects (command->redirects);
+ command->redirects = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+ }
+
+ if (command->type == cm_subshell)
+ tcom = command->value.Subshell->command;
+ else if (user_coproc)
+ tcom = command->value.Coproc->command;
+ else
+ tcom = command;
+
+ if (command->flags & CMD_TIME_PIPELINE)
+ tcom->flags |= CMD_TIME_PIPELINE;
+ if (command->flags & CMD_TIME_POSIX)
+ tcom->flags |= CMD_TIME_POSIX;
+
+ /* Make sure the subshell inherits any CMD_IGNORE_RETURN flag. */
+ if ((command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN) && tcom != command)
+ tcom->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+
+ /* If this is a simple command, tell execute_disk_command that it
+ might be able to get away without forking and simply exec.
+ This means things like ( sleep 10 ) will only cause one fork.
+ If we're timing the command or inverting its return value, however,
+ we cannot do this optimization. */
+ if ((user_subshell || user_coproc) && (tcom->type == cm_simple || tcom->type == cm_subshell) &&
+ ((tcom->flags & CMD_TIME_PIPELINE) == 0) &&
+ ((tcom->flags & CMD_INVERT_RETURN) == 0))
+ {
+ tcom->flags |= CMD_NO_FORK;
+ if (tcom->type == cm_simple)
+ tcom->value.Simple->flags |= CMD_NO_FORK;
+ }
+
+ invert = (tcom->flags & CMD_INVERT_RETURN) != 0;
+ tcom->flags &= ~CMD_INVERT_RETURN;
+
+ result = setjmp_nosigs (top_level);
+
+ /* If we're inside a function while executing this subshell, we
+ need to handle a possible `return'. */
+ function_value = 0;
+ if (return_catch_flag)
+ function_value = setjmp_nosigs (return_catch);
+
+ /* If we're going to exit the shell, we don't want to invert the return
+ status. */
+ if (result == EXITPROG)
+ invert = 0, return_code = last_command_exit_value;
+ else if (result)
+ return_code = (last_command_exit_value == EXECUTION_SUCCESS) ? EXECUTION_FAILURE : last_command_exit_value;
+ else if (function_value)
+ return_code = return_catch_value;
+ else
+ return_code = execute_command_internal ((COMMAND *)tcom, asynchronous, NO_PIPE, NO_PIPE, fds_to_close);
+
+ /* If we are asked to, invert the return value. */
+ if (invert)
+ return_code = (return_code == EXECUTION_SUCCESS) ? EXECUTION_FAILURE
+ : EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+
+ /* If we were explicitly placed in a subshell with (), we need
+ to do the `shell cleanup' things, such as running traps[0]. */
+ if (user_subshell && signal_is_trapped (0))
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = return_code;
+ return_code = run_exit_trap ();
+ }
+
+ subshell_level--;
+ return (return_code);
+ /* NOTREACHED */
+}
+
+#if defined (COPROCESS_SUPPORT)
+#define COPROC_MAX 16
+
+typedef struct cpelement
+ {
+ struct cpelement *next;
+ struct coproc *coproc;
+ }
+cpelement_t;
+
+typedef struct cplist
+ {
+ struct cpelement *head;
+ struct cpelement *tail;
+ int ncoproc;
+ int lock;
+ }
+cplist_t;
+
+static struct cpelement *cpe_alloc __P((struct coproc *));
+static void cpe_dispose __P((struct cpelement *));
+static struct cpelement *cpl_add __P((struct coproc *));
+static struct cpelement *cpl_delete __P((pid_t));
+static void cpl_reap __P((void));
+static void cpl_flush __P((void));
+static void cpl_closeall __P((void));
+static struct cpelement *cpl_search __P((pid_t));
+static struct cpelement *cpl_searchbyname __P((const char *));
+static void cpl_prune __P((void));
+
+static void coproc_free __P((struct coproc *));
+
+/* Will go away when there is fully-implemented support for multiple coprocs. */
+Coproc sh_coproc = { 0, NO_PID, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+
+cplist_t coproc_list = {0, 0, 0};
+
+/* Functions to manage the list of coprocs */
+
+static struct cpelement *
+cpe_alloc (cp)
+ Coproc *cp;
+{
+ struct cpelement *cpe;
+
+ cpe = (struct cpelement *)xmalloc (sizeof (struct cpelement));
+ cpe->coproc = cp;
+ cpe->next = (struct cpelement *)0;
+ return cpe;
+}
+
+static void
+cpe_dispose (cpe)
+ struct cpelement *cpe;
+{
+ free (cpe);
+}
+
+static struct cpelement *
+cpl_add (cp)
+ Coproc *cp;
+{
+ struct cpelement *cpe;
+
+ cpe = cpe_alloc (cp);
+
+ if (coproc_list.head == 0)
+ {
+ coproc_list.head = coproc_list.tail = cpe;
+ coproc_list.ncoproc = 0; /* just to make sure */
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ coproc_list.tail->next = cpe;
+ coproc_list.tail = cpe;
+ }
+ coproc_list.ncoproc++;
+
+ return cpe;
+}
+
+static struct cpelement *
+cpl_delete (pid)
+ pid_t pid;
+{
+ struct cpelement *prev, *p;
+
+ for (prev = p = coproc_list.head; p; prev = p, p = p->next)
+ if (p->coproc->c_pid == pid)
+ {
+ prev->next = p->next; /* remove from list */
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (p == 0)
+ return 0; /* not found */
+
+#if defined (DEBUG)
+ itrace("cpl_delete: deleting %d", pid);
+#endif
+
+ /* Housekeeping in the border cases. */
+ if (p == coproc_list.head)
+ coproc_list.head = coproc_list.head->next;
+ else if (p == coproc_list.tail)
+ coproc_list.tail = prev;
+
+ coproc_list.ncoproc--;
+ if (coproc_list.ncoproc == 0)
+ coproc_list.head = coproc_list.tail = 0;
+ else if (coproc_list.ncoproc == 1)
+ coproc_list.tail = coproc_list.head; /* just to make sure */
+
+ return (p);
+}
+
+static void
+cpl_reap ()
+{
+ struct cpelement *p, *next, *nh, *nt;
+
+ /* Build a new list by removing dead coprocs and fix up the coproc_list
+ pointers when done. */
+ nh = nt = next = (struct cpelement *)0;
+ for (p = coproc_list.head; p; p = next)
+ {
+ next = p->next;
+ if (p->coproc->c_flags & COPROC_DEAD)
+ {
+ coproc_list.ncoproc--; /* keep running count, fix up pointers later */
+
+#if defined (DEBUG)
+ itrace("cpl_reap: deleting %d", p->coproc->c_pid);
+#endif
+
+ coproc_dispose (p->coproc);
+ cpe_dispose (p);
+ }
+ else if (nh == 0)
+ nh = nt = p;
+ else
+ {
+ nt->next = p;
+ nt = nt->next;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (coproc_list.ncoproc == 0)
+ coproc_list.head = coproc_list.tail = 0;
+ else
+ {
+ if (nt)
+ nt->next = 0;
+ coproc_list.head = nh;
+ coproc_list.tail = nt;
+ if (coproc_list.ncoproc == 1)
+ coproc_list.tail = coproc_list.head; /* just to make sure */
+ }
+}
+
+/* Clear out the list of saved statuses */
+static void
+cpl_flush ()
+{
+ struct cpelement *cpe, *p;
+
+ for (cpe = coproc_list.head; cpe; )
+ {
+ p = cpe;
+ cpe = cpe->next;
+
+ coproc_dispose (p->coproc);
+ cpe_dispose (p);
+ }
+
+ coproc_list.head = coproc_list.tail = 0;
+ coproc_list.ncoproc = 0;
+}
+
+static void
+cpl_closeall ()
+{
+ struct cpelement *cpe;
+
+ for (cpe = coproc_list.head; cpe; cpe = cpe->next)
+ coproc_close (cpe->coproc);
+}
+
+static void
+cpl_fdchk (fd)
+ int fd;
+{
+ struct cpelement *cpe;
+
+ for (cpe = coproc_list.head; cpe; cpe = cpe->next)
+ coproc_checkfd (cpe->coproc, fd);
+}
+
+/* Search for PID in the list of coprocs; return the cpelement struct if
+ found. If not found, return NULL. */
+static struct cpelement *
+cpl_search (pid)
+ pid_t pid;
+{
+ struct cpelement *cpe;
+
+ for (cpe = coproc_list.head ; cpe; cpe = cpe->next)
+ if (cpe->coproc->c_pid == pid)
+ return cpe;
+ return (struct cpelement *)NULL;
+}
+
+/* Search for the coproc named NAME in the list of coprocs; return the
+ cpelement struct if found. If not found, return NULL. */
+static struct cpelement *
+cpl_searchbyname (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ struct cpelement *cp;
+
+ for (cp = coproc_list.head ; cp; cp = cp->next)
+ if (STREQ (cp->coproc->c_name, name))
+ return cp;
+ return (struct cpelement *)NULL;
+}
+
+#if 0
+static void
+cpl_prune ()
+{
+ struct cpelement *cp;
+
+ while (coproc_list.head && coproc_list.ncoproc > COPROC_MAX)
+ {
+ cp = coproc_list.head;
+ coproc_list.head = coproc_list.head->next;
+ coproc_dispose (cp->coproc);
+ cpe_dispose (cp);
+ coproc_list.ncoproc--;
+ }
+}
+#endif
+
+/* These currently use a single global "shell coproc" but are written in a
+ way to not preclude additional coprocs later (using the list management
+ package above). */
+
+struct coproc *
+getcoprocbypid (pid)
+ pid_t pid;
+{
+#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
+ struct cpelement *p;
+
+ p = cpl_search (pid);
+ return (p ? p->coproc : 0);
+#else
+ return (pid == sh_coproc.c_pid ? &sh_coproc : 0);
+#endif
+}
+
+struct coproc *
+getcoprocbyname (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
+ struct cpelement *p;
+
+ p = cpl_searchbyname (name);
+ return (p ? p->coproc : 0);
+#else
+ return ((sh_coproc.c_name && STREQ (sh_coproc.c_name, name)) ? &sh_coproc : 0);
+#endif
+}
+
+void
+coproc_init (cp)
+ struct coproc *cp;
+{
+ cp->c_name = 0;
+ cp->c_pid = NO_PID;
+ cp->c_rfd = cp->c_wfd = -1;
+ cp->c_rsave = cp->c_wsave = -1;
+ cp->c_flags = cp->c_status = cp->c_lock = 0;
+}
+
+struct coproc *
+coproc_alloc (name, pid)
+ char *name;
+ pid_t pid;
+{
+ struct coproc *cp;
+
+#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
+ cp = (struct coproc *)xmalloc (sizeof (struct coproc));
+#else
+ cp = &sh_coproc;
+#endif
+ coproc_init (cp);
+ cp->c_lock = 2;
+
+ cp->c_pid = pid;
+ cp->c_name = savestring (name);
+#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
+ cpl_add (cp);
+#endif
+ cp->c_lock = 0;
+ return (cp);
+}
+
+static void
+coproc_free (cp)
+ struct coproc *cp;
+{
+ free (cp);
+}
+
+void
+coproc_dispose (cp)
+ struct coproc *cp;
+{
+ sigset_t set, oset;
+
+ if (cp == 0)
+ return;
+
+ BLOCK_SIGNAL (SIGCHLD, set, oset);
+ cp->c_lock = 3;
+ coproc_unsetvars (cp);
+ FREE (cp->c_name);
+ coproc_close (cp);
+#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
+ coproc_free (cp);
+#else
+ coproc_init (cp);
+ cp->c_lock = 0;
+#endif
+ UNBLOCK_SIGNAL (oset);
+}
+
+/* Placeholder for now. Will require changes for multiple coprocs */
+void
+coproc_flush ()
+{
+#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
+ cpl_flush ();
+#else
+ coproc_dispose (&sh_coproc);
+#endif
+}
+
+void
+coproc_close (cp)
+ struct coproc *cp;
+{
+ if (cp->c_rfd >= 0)
+ {
+ close (cp->c_rfd);
+ cp->c_rfd = -1;
+ }
+ if (cp->c_wfd >= 0)
+ {
+ close (cp->c_wfd);
+ cp->c_wfd = -1;
+ }
+ cp->c_rsave = cp->c_wsave = -1;
+}
+
+void
+coproc_closeall ()
+{
+#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
+ cpl_closeall ();
+#else
+ coproc_close (&sh_coproc); /* XXX - will require changes for multiple coprocs */
+#endif
+}
+
+void
+coproc_reap ()
+{
+#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
+ cpl_reap ();
+#else
+ struct coproc *cp;
+
+ cp = &sh_coproc; /* XXX - will require changes for multiple coprocs */
+ if (cp && (cp->c_flags & COPROC_DEAD))
+ coproc_dispose (cp);
+#endif
+}
+
+void
+coproc_rclose (cp, fd)
+ struct coproc *cp;
+ int fd;
+{
+ if (cp->c_rfd >= 0 && cp->c_rfd == fd)
+ {
+ close (cp->c_rfd);
+ cp->c_rfd = -1;
+ }
+}
+
+void
+coproc_wclose (cp, fd)
+ struct coproc *cp;
+ int fd;
+{
+ if (cp->c_wfd >= 0 && cp->c_wfd == fd)
+ {
+ close (cp->c_wfd);
+ cp->c_wfd = -1;
+ }
+}
+
+void
+coproc_checkfd (cp, fd)
+ struct coproc *cp;
+ int fd;
+{
+ int update;
+
+ update = 0;
+ if (cp->c_rfd >= 0 && cp->c_rfd == fd)
+ update = cp->c_rfd = -1;
+ if (cp->c_wfd >= 0 && cp->c_wfd == fd)
+ update = cp->c_wfd = -1;
+ if (update)
+ coproc_setvars (cp);
+}
+
+void
+coproc_fdchk (fd)
+ int fd;
+{
+#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
+ cpl_fdchk (fd);
+#else
+ coproc_checkfd (&sh_coproc, fd);
+#endif
+}
+
+void
+coproc_fdclose (cp, fd)
+ struct coproc *cp;
+ int fd;
+{
+ coproc_rclose (cp, fd);
+ coproc_wclose (cp, fd);
+ coproc_setvars (cp);
+}
+
+void
+coproc_fdsave (cp)
+ struct coproc *cp;
+{
+ cp->c_rsave = cp->c_rfd;
+ cp->c_wsave = cp->c_wfd;
+}
+
+void
+coproc_fdrestore (cp)
+ struct coproc *cp;
+{
+ cp->c_rfd = cp->c_rsave;
+ cp->c_wfd = cp->c_wsave;
+}
+
+void
+coproc_pidchk (pid, status)
+ pid_t pid;
+{
+ struct coproc *cp;
+
+#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
+ struct cpelement *cpe;
+
+ cpe = cpl_delete (pid);
+ cp = cpe ? cpe->coproc : 0;
+#else
+ cp = getcoprocbypid (pid);
+#endif
+ if (cp)
+ {
+ cp->c_lock = 4;
+ cp->c_status = status;
+ cp->c_flags |= COPROC_DEAD;
+ cp->c_flags &= ~COPROC_RUNNING;
+ /* Don't dispose the coproc or unset the COPROC_XXX variables because
+ this is executed in a signal handler context. Wait until coproc_reap
+ takes care of it. */
+ cp->c_lock = 0;
+ }
+}
+
+void
+coproc_setvars (cp)
+ struct coproc *cp;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+ char *namevar, *t;
+ int l;
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ arrayind_t ind;
+#endif
+
+ if (cp->c_name == 0)
+ return;
+
+ l = strlen (cp->c_name);
+ namevar = xmalloc (l + 16);
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ v = find_variable (cp->c_name);
+ if (v == 0)
+ v = make_new_array_variable (cp->c_name);
+ if (array_p (v) == 0)
+ v = convert_var_to_array (v);
+
+ t = itos (cp->c_rfd);
+ ind = 0;
+ v = bind_array_variable (cp->c_name, ind, t, 0);
+ free (t);
+
+ t = itos (cp->c_wfd);
+ ind = 1;
+ bind_array_variable (cp->c_name, ind, t, 0);
+ free (t);
+#else
+ sprintf (namevar, "%s_READ", cp->c_name);
+ t = itos (cp->c_rfd);
+ bind_variable (namevar, t, 0);
+ free (t);
+ sprintf (namevar, "%s_WRITE", cp->c_name);
+ t = itos (cp->c_wfd);
+ bind_variable (namevar, t, 0);
+ free (t);
+#endif
+
+ sprintf (namevar, "%s_PID", cp->c_name);
+ t = itos (cp->c_pid);
+ bind_variable (namevar, t, 0);
+ free (t);
+
+ free (namevar);
+}
+
+void
+coproc_unsetvars (cp)
+ struct coproc *cp;
+{
+ int l;
+ char *namevar;
+
+ if (cp->c_name == 0)
+ return;
+
+ l = strlen (cp->c_name);
+ namevar = xmalloc (l + 16);
+
+ sprintf (namevar, "%s_PID", cp->c_name);
+ unbind_variable (namevar);
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ unbind_variable (cp->c_name);
+#else
+ sprintf (namevar, "%s_READ", cp->c_name);
+ unbind_variable (namevar);
+ sprintf (namevar, "%s_WRITE", cp->c_name);
+ unbind_variable (namevar);
+#endif
+
+ free (namevar);
+}
+
+static int
+execute_coproc (command, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close)
+ COMMAND *command;
+ int pipe_in, pipe_out;
+ struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
+{
+ int rpipe[2], wpipe[2], estat, invert;
+ pid_t coproc_pid;
+ Coproc *cp;
+ char *tcmd;
+ sigset_t set, oset;
+
+ /* XXX -- can be removed after changes to handle multiple coprocs */
+#if !MULTIPLE_COPROCS
+ if (sh_coproc.c_pid != NO_PID)
+ internal_warning ("execute_coproc: coproc [%d:%s] still exists", sh_coproc.c_pid, sh_coproc.c_name);
+ coproc_init (&sh_coproc);
+#endif
+
+ invert = (command->flags & CMD_INVERT_RETURN) != 0;
+ command_string_index = 0;
+ tcmd = make_command_string (command);
+
+ sh_openpipe ((int *)&rpipe); /* 0 = parent read, 1 = child write */
+ sh_openpipe ((int *)&wpipe); /* 0 = child read, 1 = parent write */
+
+ BLOCK_SIGNAL (SIGCHLD, set, oset);
+
+ coproc_pid = make_child (savestring (tcmd), 1);
+
+ if (coproc_pid == 0)
+ {
+ close (rpipe[0]);
+ close (wpipe[1]);
+
+ UNBLOCK_SIGNAL (oset);
+ estat = execute_in_subshell (command, 1, wpipe[0], rpipe[1], fds_to_close);
+
+ fflush (stdout);
+ fflush (stderr);
+
+ exit (estat);
+ }
+
+ close (rpipe[1]);
+ close (wpipe[0]);
+
+ /* XXX - possibly run Coproc->name through word expansion? */
+ cp = coproc_alloc (command->value.Coproc->name, coproc_pid);
+ cp->c_rfd = rpipe[0];
+ cp->c_wfd = wpipe[1];
+
+ SET_CLOSE_ON_EXEC (cp->c_rfd);
+ SET_CLOSE_ON_EXEC (cp->c_wfd);
+
+ coproc_setvars (cp);
+
+ UNBLOCK_SIGNAL (oset);
+
+#if 0
+ itrace ("execute_coproc: [%d] %s", coproc_pid, the_printed_command);
+#endif
+
+ close_pipes (pipe_in, pipe_out);
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION) && defined (HAVE_DEV_FD)
+ unlink_fifo_list ();
+#endif
+ stop_pipeline (1, (COMMAND *)NULL);
+ DESCRIBE_PID (coproc_pid);
+ run_pending_traps ();
+
+ return (invert ? EXECUTION_FAILURE : EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+}
+#endif
+
+static void
+restore_stdin (s)
+ int s;
+{
+ dup2 (s, 0);
+ close (s);
+}
+
+/* Catch-all cleanup function for lastpipe code for unwind-protects */
+static void
+lastpipe_cleanup (s)
+ int s;
+{
+ unfreeze_jobs_list ();
+}
+
+static int
+execute_pipeline (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close)
+ COMMAND *command;
+ int asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out;
+ struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
+{
+ int prev, fildes[2], new_bitmap_size, dummyfd, ignore_return, exec_result;
+ int lstdin, lastpipe_flag, lastpipe_jid;
+ COMMAND *cmd;
+ struct fd_bitmap *fd_bitmap;
+ pid_t lastpid;
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ sigset_t set, oset;
+ BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
+#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
+
+ ignore_return = (command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN) != 0;
+
+ prev = pipe_in;
+ cmd = command;
+
+ while (cmd && cmd->type == cm_connection &&
+ cmd->value.Connection && cmd->value.Connection->connector == '|')
+ {
+ /* Make a pipeline between the two commands. */
+ if (pipe (fildes) < 0)
+ {
+ sys_error (_("pipe error"));
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ terminate_current_pipeline ();
+ kill_current_pipeline ();
+ UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
+#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
+ last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ /* The unwind-protects installed below will take care
+ of closing all of the open file descriptors. */
+ throw_to_top_level ();
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE); /* XXX */
+ }
+
+ /* Here is a problem: with the new file close-on-exec
+ code, the read end of the pipe (fildes[0]) stays open
+ in the first process, so that process will never get a
+ SIGPIPE. There is no way to signal the first process
+ that it should close fildes[0] after forking, so it
+ remains open. No SIGPIPE is ever sent because there
+ is still a file descriptor open for reading connected
+ to the pipe. We take care of that here. This passes
+ around a bitmap of file descriptors that must be
+ closed after making a child process in execute_simple_command. */
+
+ /* We need fd_bitmap to be at least as big as fildes[0].
+ If fildes[0] is less than fds_to_close->size, then
+ use fds_to_close->size. */
+ new_bitmap_size = (fildes[0] < fds_to_close->size)
+ ? fds_to_close->size
+ : fildes[0] + 8;
+
+ fd_bitmap = new_fd_bitmap (new_bitmap_size);
+
+ /* Now copy the old information into the new bitmap. */
+ xbcopy ((char *)fds_to_close->bitmap, (char *)fd_bitmap->bitmap, fds_to_close->size);
+
+ /* And mark the pipe file descriptors to be closed. */
+ fd_bitmap->bitmap[fildes[0]] = 1;
+
+ /* In case there are pipe or out-of-processes errors, we
+ want all these file descriptors to be closed when
+ unwind-protects are run, and the storage used for the
+ bitmaps freed up. */
+ begin_unwind_frame ("pipe-file-descriptors");
+ add_unwind_protect (dispose_fd_bitmap, fd_bitmap);
+ add_unwind_protect (close_fd_bitmap, fd_bitmap);
+ if (prev >= 0)
+ add_unwind_protect (close, prev);
+ dummyfd = fildes[1];
+ add_unwind_protect (close, dummyfd);
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ add_unwind_protect (restore_signal_mask, &oset);
+#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
+
+ if (ignore_return && cmd->value.Connection->first)
+ cmd->value.Connection->first->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ execute_command_internal (cmd->value.Connection->first, asynchronous,
+ prev, fildes[1], fd_bitmap);
+
+ if (prev >= 0)
+ close (prev);
+
+ prev = fildes[0];
+ close (fildes[1]);
+
+ dispose_fd_bitmap (fd_bitmap);
+ discard_unwind_frame ("pipe-file-descriptors");
+
+ cmd = cmd->value.Connection->second;
+ }
+
+ lastpid = last_made_pid;
+
+ /* Now execute the rightmost command in the pipeline. */
+ if (ignore_return && cmd)
+ cmd->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+
+ lastpipe_flag = 0;
+
+ begin_unwind_frame ("lastpipe-exec");
+ lstdin = -1;
+ /* If the `lastpipe' option is set with shopt, and job control is not
+ enabled, execute the last element of non-async pipelines in the
+ current shell environment. */
+ if (lastpipe_opt && job_control == 0 && asynchronous == 0 && pipe_out == NO_PIPE && prev > 0)
+ {
+ lstdin = move_to_high_fd (0, 1, -1);
+ if (lstdin > 0)
+ {
+ do_piping (prev, pipe_out);
+ prev = NO_PIPE;
+ add_unwind_protect (restore_stdin, lstdin);
+ lastpipe_flag = 1;
+ freeze_jobs_list ();
+ lastpipe_jid = stop_pipeline (0, (COMMAND *)NULL); /* XXX */
+ add_unwind_protect (lastpipe_cleanup, lastpipe_jid);
+ }
+ if (cmd)
+ cmd->flags |= CMD_LASTPIPE;
+ }
+ if (prev >= 0)
+ add_unwind_protect (close, prev);
+
+ exec_result = execute_command_internal (cmd, asynchronous, prev, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
+
+ if (lstdin > 0)
+ restore_stdin (lstdin);
+
+ if (prev >= 0)
+ close (prev);
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
+#endif
+
+ QUIT;
+
+ if (lastpipe_flag)
+ {
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ if (INVALID_JOB (lastpipe_jid) == 0)
+ {
+ append_process (savestring (the_printed_command_except_trap), dollar_dollar_pid, exec_result, lastpipe_jid);
+ lstdin = wait_for (lastpid);
+ }
+ else
+ lstdin = wait_for_single_pid (lastpid); /* checks bgpids list */
+#else
+ lstdin = wait_for (lastpid);
+#endif
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ /* If wait_for removes the job from the jobs table, use result of last
+ command as pipeline's exit status as usual. The jobs list can get
+ frozen and unfrozen at inconvenient times if there are multiple pipelines
+ running simultaneously. */
+ if (INVALID_JOB (lastpipe_jid) == 0)
+ exec_result = job_exit_status (lastpipe_jid);
+ else if (pipefail_opt)
+ exec_result = exec_result | lstdin; /* XXX */
+ /* otherwise we use exec_result */
+
+#endif
+ unfreeze_jobs_list ();
+ }
+
+ discard_unwind_frame ("lastpipe-exec");
+
+ return (exec_result);
+}
+
+static int
+execute_connection (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close)
+ COMMAND *command;
+ int asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out;
+ struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
+{
+ COMMAND *tc, *second;
+ int ignore_return, exec_result, was_error_trap, invert;
+ volatile int save_line_number;
+
+ ignore_return = (command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN) != 0;
+
+ switch (command->value.Connection->connector)
+ {
+ /* Do the first command asynchronously. */
+ case '&':
+ tc = command->value.Connection->first;
+ if (tc == 0)
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+
+ if (ignore_return)
+ tc->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ tc->flags |= CMD_AMPERSAND;
+
+ /* If this shell was compiled without job control support,
+ if we are currently in a subshell via `( xxx )', or if job
+ control is not active then the standard input for an
+ asynchronous command is forced to /dev/null. */
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ if ((subshell_environment || !job_control) && !stdin_redir)
+#else
+ if (!stdin_redir)
+#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
+ tc->flags |= CMD_STDIN_REDIR;
+
+ exec_result = execute_command_internal (tc, 1, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
+ QUIT;
+
+ if (tc->flags & CMD_STDIN_REDIR)
+ tc->flags &= ~CMD_STDIN_REDIR;
+
+ second = command->value.Connection->second;
+ if (second)
+ {
+ if (ignore_return)
+ second->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+
+ exec_result = execute_command_internal (second, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
+ }
+
+ break;
+
+ /* Just call execute command on both sides. */
+ case ';':
+ if (ignore_return)
+ {
+ if (command->value.Connection->first)
+ command->value.Connection->first->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ if (command->value.Connection->second)
+ command->value.Connection->second->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ }
+ executing_list++;
+ QUIT;
+ execute_command (command->value.Connection->first);
+ QUIT;
+ exec_result = execute_command_internal (command->value.Connection->second,
+ asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out,
+ fds_to_close);
+ executing_list--;
+ break;
+
+ case '|':
+ was_error_trap = signal_is_trapped (ERROR_TRAP) && signal_is_ignored (ERROR_TRAP) == 0;
+ invert = (command->flags & CMD_INVERT_RETURN) != 0;
+ ignore_return = (command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN) != 0;
+
+ line_number_for_err_trap = line_number;
+ exec_result = execute_pipeline (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
+
+ if (asynchronous)
+ {
+ exec_result = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+ invert = 0;
+ }
+
+ if (was_error_trap && ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
+ save_line_number = line_number;
+ line_number = line_number_for_err_trap;
+ run_error_trap ();
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+ }
+
+ if (ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exit_immediately_on_error && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
+ run_pending_traps ();
+ jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
+ }
+
+ break;
+
+ case AND_AND:
+ case OR_OR:
+ if (asynchronous)
+ {
+ /* If we have something like `a && b &' or `a || b &', run the
+ && or || stuff in a subshell. Force a subshell and just call
+ execute_command_internal again. Leave asynchronous on
+ so that we get a report from the parent shell about the
+ background job. */
+ command->flags |= CMD_FORCE_SUBSHELL;
+ exec_result = execute_command_internal (command, 1, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ /* Execute the first command. If the result of that is successful
+ and the connector is AND_AND, or the result is not successful
+ and the connector is OR_OR, then execute the second command,
+ otherwise return. */
+
+ executing_list++;
+ if (command->value.Connection->first)
+ command->value.Connection->first->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+
+ exec_result = execute_command (command->value.Connection->first);
+ QUIT;
+ if (((command->value.Connection->connector == AND_AND) &&
+ (exec_result == EXECUTION_SUCCESS)) ||
+ ((command->value.Connection->connector == OR_OR) &&
+ (exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)))
+ {
+ if (ignore_return && command->value.Connection->second)
+ command->value.Connection->second->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+
+ exec_result = execute_command (command->value.Connection->second);
+ }
+ executing_list--;
+ break;
+
+ default:
+ command_error ("execute_connection", CMDERR_BADCONN, command->value.Connection->connector, 0);
+ jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
+ exec_result = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ }
+
+ return exec_result;
+}
+
+#define REAP() \
+ do \
+ { \
+ if (!interactive_shell) \
+ reap_dead_jobs (); \
+ } \
+ while (0)
+
+/* Execute a FOR command. The syntax is: FOR word_desc IN word_list;
+ DO command; DONE */
+static int
+execute_for_command (for_command)
+ FOR_COM *for_command;
+{
+ register WORD_LIST *releaser, *list;
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+ char *identifier;
+ int retval, save_line_number;
+#if 0
+ SHELL_VAR *old_value = (SHELL_VAR *)NULL; /* Remember the old value of x. */
+#endif
+
+ save_line_number = line_number;
+ if (check_identifier (for_command->name, 1) == 0)
+ {
+ if (posixly_correct && interactive_shell == 0)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = EX_BADUSAGE;
+ jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
+ }
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ loop_level++;
+ identifier = for_command->name->word;
+
+ line_number = for_command->line; /* for expansion error messages */
+ list = releaser = expand_words_no_vars (for_command->map_list);
+
+ begin_unwind_frame ("for");
+ add_unwind_protect (dispose_words, releaser);
+
+#if 0
+ if (lexical_scoping)
+ {
+ old_value = copy_variable (find_variable (identifier));
+ if (old_value)
+ add_unwind_protect (dispose_variable, old_value);
+ }
+#endif
+
+ if (for_command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN)
+ for_command->action->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+
+ for (retval = EXECUTION_SUCCESS; list; list = list->next)
+ {
+ QUIT;
+
+ line_number = for_command->line;
+
+ /* Remember what this command looks like, for debugger. */
+ command_string_index = 0;
+ print_for_command_head (for_command);
+
+ if (echo_command_at_execute)
+ xtrace_print_for_command_head (for_command);
+
+ /* Save this command unless it's a trap command and we're not running
+ a debug trap. */
+ if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0 && running_trap == 0)
+ {
+ FREE (the_printed_command_except_trap);
+ the_printed_command_except_trap = savestring (the_printed_command);
+ }
+
+ retval = run_debug_trap ();
+#if defined (DEBUGGER)
+ /* In debugging mode, if the DEBUG trap returns a non-zero status, we
+ skip the command. */
+ if (debugging_mode && retval != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ continue;
+#endif
+
+ this_command_name = (char *)NULL;
+ /* XXX - special ksh93 for command index variable handling */
+ v = find_variable_last_nameref (identifier);
+ if (v && nameref_p (v))
+ {
+ v = bind_variable_value (v, list->word->word, 0);
+ }
+ else
+ v = bind_variable (identifier, list->word->word, 0);
+ if (readonly_p (v) || noassign_p (v))
+ {
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+ if (readonly_p (v) && interactive_shell == 0 && posixly_correct)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ jump_to_top_level (FORCE_EOF);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ dispose_words (releaser);
+ discard_unwind_frame ("for");
+ loop_level--;
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ }
+ retval = execute_command (for_command->action);
+ REAP ();
+ QUIT;
+
+ if (breaking)
+ {
+ breaking--;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (continuing)
+ {
+ continuing--;
+ if (continuing)
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ loop_level--;
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+
+#if 0
+ if (lexical_scoping)
+ {
+ if (!old_value)
+ unbind_variable (identifier);
+ else
+ {
+ SHELL_VAR *new_value;
+
+ new_value = bind_variable (identifier, value_cell(old_value), 0);
+ new_value->attributes = old_value->attributes;
+ dispose_variable (old_value);
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+
+ dispose_words (releaser);
+ discard_unwind_frame ("for");
+ return (retval);
+}
+
+#if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
+/* Execute an arithmetic for command. The syntax is
+
+ for (( init ; step ; test ))
+ do
+ body
+ done
+
+ The execution should be exactly equivalent to
+
+ eval \(\( init \)\)
+ while eval \(\( test \)\) ; do
+ body;
+ eval \(\( step \)\)
+ done
+*/
+static intmax_t
+eval_arith_for_expr (l, okp)
+ WORD_LIST *l;
+ int *okp;
+{
+ WORD_LIST *new;
+ intmax_t expresult;
+ int r;
+
+ new = expand_words_no_vars (l);
+ if (new)
+ {
+ if (echo_command_at_execute)
+ xtrace_print_arith_cmd (new);
+ this_command_name = "(("; /* )) for expression error messages */
+
+ command_string_index = 0;
+ print_arith_command (new);
+ if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0)
+ {
+ FREE (the_printed_command_except_trap);
+ the_printed_command_except_trap = savestring (the_printed_command);
+ }
+
+ r = run_debug_trap ();
+ /* In debugging mode, if the DEBUG trap returns a non-zero status, we
+ skip the command. */
+#if defined (DEBUGGER)
+ if (debugging_mode == 0 || r == EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ expresult = evalexp (new->word->word, okp);
+ else
+ {
+ expresult = 0;
+ if (okp)
+ *okp = 1;
+ }
+#else
+ expresult = evalexp (new->word->word, okp);
+#endif
+ dispose_words (new);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ expresult = 0;
+ if (okp)
+ *okp = 1;
+ }
+ return (expresult);
+}
+
+static int
+execute_arith_for_command (arith_for_command)
+ ARITH_FOR_COM *arith_for_command;
+{
+ intmax_t expresult;
+ int expok, body_status, arith_lineno, save_lineno;
+
+ body_status = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+ loop_level++;
+ save_lineno = line_number;
+
+ if (arith_for_command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN)
+ arith_for_command->action->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+
+ this_command_name = "(("; /* )) for expression error messages */
+
+ /* save the starting line number of the command so we can reset
+ line_number before executing each expression -- for $LINENO
+ and the DEBUG trap. */
+ line_number = arith_lineno = arith_for_command->line;
+ if (variable_context && interactive_shell)
+ line_number -= function_line_number;
+
+ /* Evaluate the initialization expression. */
+ expresult = eval_arith_for_expr (arith_for_command->init, &expok);
+ if (expok == 0)
+ {
+ line_number = save_lineno;
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ while (1)
+ {
+ /* Evaluate the test expression. */
+ line_number = arith_lineno;
+ expresult = eval_arith_for_expr (arith_for_command->test, &expok);
+ line_number = save_lineno;
+
+ if (expok == 0)
+ {
+ body_status = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ break;
+ }
+ REAP ();
+ if (expresult == 0)
+ break;
+
+ /* Execute the body of the arithmetic for command. */
+ QUIT;
+ body_status = execute_command (arith_for_command->action);
+ QUIT;
+
+ /* Handle any `break' or `continue' commands executed by the body. */
+ if (breaking)
+ {
+ breaking--;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (continuing)
+ {
+ continuing--;
+ if (continuing)
+ break;
+ }
+
+ /* Evaluate the step expression. */
+ line_number = arith_lineno;
+ expresult = eval_arith_for_expr (arith_for_command->step, &expok);
+ line_number = save_lineno;
+
+ if (expok == 0)
+ {
+ body_status = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ loop_level--;
+ line_number = save_lineno;
+
+ return (body_status);
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined (SELECT_COMMAND)
+static int LINES, COLS, tabsize;
+
+#define RP_SPACE ") "
+#define RP_SPACE_LEN 2
+
+/* XXX - does not handle numbers > 1000000 at all. */
+#define NUMBER_LEN(s) \
+((s < 10) ? 1 \
+ : ((s < 100) ? 2 \
+ : ((s < 1000) ? 3 \
+ : ((s < 10000) ? 4 \
+ : ((s < 100000) ? 5 \
+ : 6)))))
+
+static int
+displen (s)
+ const char *s;
+{
+#if defined (HANDLE_MULTIBYTE)
+ wchar_t *wcstr;
+ size_t slen;
+ int wclen;
+
+ wcstr = 0;
+ slen = mbstowcs (wcstr, s, 0);
+ if (slen == -1)
+ slen = 0;
+ wcstr = (wchar_t *)xmalloc (sizeof (wchar_t) * (slen + 1));
+ mbstowcs (wcstr, s, slen + 1);
+ wclen = wcswidth (wcstr, slen);
+ free (wcstr);
+ return (wclen < 0 ? STRLEN(s) : wclen);
+#else
+ return (STRLEN (s));
+#endif
+}
+
+static int
+print_index_and_element (len, ind, list)
+ int len, ind;
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+ register WORD_LIST *l;
+ register int i;
+
+ if (list == 0)
+ return (0);
+ for (i = ind, l = list; l && --i; l = l->next)
+ ;
+ if (l == 0) /* don't think this can happen */
+ return (0);
+ fprintf (stderr, "%*d%s%s", len, ind, RP_SPACE, l->word->word);
+ return (displen (l->word->word));
+}
+
+static void
+indent (from, to)
+ int from, to;
+{
+ while (from < to)
+ {
+ if ((to / tabsize) > (from / tabsize))
+ {
+ putc ('\t', stderr);
+ from += tabsize - from % tabsize;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ putc (' ', stderr);
+ from++;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+static void
+print_select_list (list, list_len, max_elem_len, indices_len)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+ int list_len, max_elem_len, indices_len;
+{
+ int ind, row, elem_len, pos, cols, rows;
+ int first_column_indices_len, other_indices_len;
+
+ if (list == 0)
+ {
+ putc ('\n', stderr);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ cols = max_elem_len ? COLS / max_elem_len : 1;
+ if (cols == 0)
+ cols = 1;
+ rows = list_len ? list_len / cols + (list_len % cols != 0) : 1;
+ cols = list_len ? list_len / rows + (list_len % rows != 0) : 1;
+
+ if (rows == 1)
+ {
+ rows = cols;
+ cols = 1;
+ }
+
+ first_column_indices_len = NUMBER_LEN (rows);
+ other_indices_len = indices_len;
+
+ for (row = 0; row < rows; row++)
+ {
+ ind = row;
+ pos = 0;
+ while (1)
+ {
+ indices_len = (pos == 0) ? first_column_indices_len : other_indices_len;
+ elem_len = print_index_and_element (indices_len, ind + 1, list);
+ elem_len += indices_len + RP_SPACE_LEN;
+ ind += rows;
+ if (ind >= list_len)
+ break;
+ indent (pos + elem_len, pos + max_elem_len);
+ pos += max_elem_len;
+ }
+ putc ('\n', stderr);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Print the elements of LIST, one per line, preceded by an index from 1 to
+ LIST_LEN. Then display PROMPT and wait for the user to enter a number.
+ If the number is between 1 and LIST_LEN, return that selection. If EOF
+ is read, return a null string. If a blank line is entered, or an invalid
+ number is entered, the loop is executed again. */
+static char *
+select_query (list, list_len, prompt, print_menu)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+ int list_len;
+ char *prompt;
+ int print_menu;
+{
+ int max_elem_len, indices_len, len;
+ intmax_t reply;
+ WORD_LIST *l;
+ char *repl_string, *t;
+
+#if 0
+ t = get_string_value ("LINES");
+ LINES = (t && *t) ? atoi (t) : 24;
+#endif
+ t = get_string_value ("COLUMNS");
+ COLS = (t && *t) ? atoi (t) : 80;
+
+#if 0
+ t = get_string_value ("TABSIZE");
+ tabsize = (t && *t) ? atoi (t) : 8;
+ if (tabsize <= 0)
+ tabsize = 8;
+#else
+ tabsize = 8;
+#endif
+
+ max_elem_len = 0;
+ for (l = list; l; l = l->next)
+ {
+ len = displen (l->word->word);
+ if (len > max_elem_len)
+ max_elem_len = len;
+ }
+ indices_len = NUMBER_LEN (list_len);
+ max_elem_len += indices_len + RP_SPACE_LEN + 2;
+
+ while (1)
+ {
+ if (print_menu)
+ print_select_list (list, list_len, max_elem_len, indices_len);
+ fprintf (stderr, "%s", prompt);
+ fflush (stderr);
+ QUIT;
+
+ if (read_builtin ((WORD_LIST *)NULL) != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ putchar ('\n');
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+ }
+ repl_string = get_string_value ("REPLY");
+ if (*repl_string == 0)
+ {
+ print_menu = 1;
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (legal_number (repl_string, &reply) == 0)
+ return "";
+ if (reply < 1 || reply > list_len)
+ return "";
+
+ for (l = list; l && --reply; l = l->next)
+ ;
+ return (l->word->word); /* XXX - can't be null? */
+ }
+}
+
+/* Execute a SELECT command. The syntax is:
+ SELECT word IN list DO command_list DONE
+ Only `break' or `return' in command_list will terminate
+ the command. */
+static int
+execute_select_command (select_command)
+ SELECT_COM *select_command;
+{
+ WORD_LIST *releaser, *list;
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+ char *identifier, *ps3_prompt, *selection;
+ int retval, list_len, show_menu, save_line_number;
+
+ if (check_identifier (select_command->name, 1) == 0)
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+
+ save_line_number = line_number;
+ line_number = select_command->line;
+
+ command_string_index = 0;
+ print_select_command_head (select_command);
+
+ if (echo_command_at_execute)
+ xtrace_print_select_command_head (select_command);
+
+#if 0
+ if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0 && (this_command_name == 0 || (STREQ (this_command_name, "trap") == 0)))
+#else
+ if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0 && running_trap == 0)
+#endif
+ {
+ FREE (the_printed_command_except_trap);
+ the_printed_command_except_trap = savestring (the_printed_command);
+ }
+
+ retval = run_debug_trap ();
+#if defined (DEBUGGER)
+ /* In debugging mode, if the DEBUG trap returns a non-zero status, we
+ skip the command. */
+ if (debugging_mode && retval != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+#endif
+
+ loop_level++;
+ identifier = select_command->name->word;
+
+ /* command and arithmetic substitution, parameter and variable expansion,
+ word splitting, pathname expansion, and quote removal. */
+ list = releaser = expand_words_no_vars (select_command->map_list);
+ list_len = list_length (list);
+ if (list == 0 || list_len == 0)
+ {
+ if (list)
+ dispose_words (list);
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+ }
+
+ begin_unwind_frame ("select");
+ add_unwind_protect (dispose_words, releaser);
+
+ if (select_command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN)
+ select_command->action->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+
+ retval = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+ show_menu = 1;
+
+ while (1)
+ {
+ line_number = select_command->line;
+ ps3_prompt = get_string_value ("PS3");
+ if (ps3_prompt == 0)
+ ps3_prompt = "#? ";
+
+ QUIT;
+ selection = select_query (list, list_len, ps3_prompt, show_menu);
+ QUIT;
+ if (selection == 0)
+ {
+ /* select_query returns EXECUTION_FAILURE if the read builtin
+ fails, so we want to return failure in this case. */
+ retval = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ v = bind_variable (identifier, selection, 0);
+ if (readonly_p (v) || noassign_p (v))
+ {
+ if (readonly_p (v) && interactive_shell == 0 && posixly_correct)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ jump_to_top_level (FORCE_EOF);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ dispose_words (releaser);
+ discard_unwind_frame ("select");
+ loop_level--;
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ }
+
+ retval = execute_command (select_command->action);
+
+ REAP ();
+ QUIT;
+
+ if (breaking)
+ {
+ breaking--;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (continuing)
+ {
+ continuing--;
+ if (continuing)
+ break;
+ }
+
+#if defined (KSH_COMPATIBLE_SELECT)
+ show_menu = 0;
+ selection = get_string_value ("REPLY");
+ if (selection && *selection == '\0')
+ show_menu = 1;
+#endif
+ }
+
+ loop_level--;
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+
+ dispose_words (releaser);
+ discard_unwind_frame ("select");
+ return (retval);
+}
+#endif /* SELECT_COMMAND */
+
+/* Execute a CASE command. The syntax is: CASE word_desc IN pattern_list ESAC.
+ The pattern_list is a linked list of pattern clauses; each clause contains
+ some patterns to compare word_desc against, and an associated command to
+ execute. */
+static int
+execute_case_command (case_command)
+ CASE_COM *case_command;
+{
+ register WORD_LIST *list;
+ WORD_LIST *wlist, *es;
+ PATTERN_LIST *clauses;
+ char *word, *pattern;
+ int retval, match, ignore_return, save_line_number;
+
+ save_line_number = line_number;
+ line_number = case_command->line;
+
+ command_string_index = 0;
+ print_case_command_head (case_command);
+
+ if (echo_command_at_execute)
+ xtrace_print_case_command_head (case_command);
+
+#if 0
+ if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0 && (this_command_name == 0 || (STREQ (this_command_name, "trap") == 0)))
+#else
+ if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0 && running_trap == 0)
+#endif
+ {
+ FREE (the_printed_command_except_trap);
+ the_printed_command_except_trap = savestring (the_printed_command);
+ }
+
+ retval = run_debug_trap();
+#if defined (DEBUGGER)
+ /* In debugging mode, if the DEBUG trap returns a non-zero status, we
+ skip the command. */
+ if (debugging_mode && retval != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+ }
+#endif
+
+ wlist = expand_word_unsplit (case_command->word, 0);
+ word = wlist ? string_list (wlist) : savestring ("");
+ dispose_words (wlist);
+
+ retval = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+ ignore_return = case_command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+
+ begin_unwind_frame ("case");
+ add_unwind_protect (xfree, word);
+
+#define EXIT_CASE() goto exit_case_command
+
+ for (clauses = case_command->clauses; clauses; clauses = clauses->next)
+ {
+ QUIT;
+ for (list = clauses->patterns; list; list = list->next)
+ {
+ es = expand_word_leave_quoted (list->word, 0);
+
+ if (es && es->word && es->word->word && *(es->word->word))
+ pattern = quote_string_for_globbing (es->word->word, QGLOB_CVTNULL);
+ else
+ {
+ pattern = (char *)xmalloc (1);
+ pattern[0] = '\0';
+ }
+
+ /* Since the pattern does not undergo quote removal (as per
+ Posix.2, section 3.9.4.3), the strmatch () call must be able
+ to recognize backslashes as escape characters. */
+ match = strmatch (pattern, word, FNMATCH_EXTFLAG|FNMATCH_IGNCASE) != FNM_NOMATCH;
+ free (pattern);
+
+ dispose_words (es);
+
+ if (match)
+ {
+ do
+ {
+ if (clauses->action && ignore_return)
+ clauses->action->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ retval = execute_command (clauses->action);
+ }
+ while ((clauses->flags & CASEPAT_FALLTHROUGH) && (clauses = clauses->next));
+ if (clauses == 0 || (clauses->flags & CASEPAT_TESTNEXT) == 0)
+ EXIT_CASE ();
+ else
+ break;
+ }
+
+ QUIT;
+ }
+ }
+
+exit_case_command:
+ free (word);
+ discard_unwind_frame ("case");
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+ return (retval);
+}
+
+#define CMD_WHILE 0
+#define CMD_UNTIL 1
+
+/* The WHILE command. Syntax: WHILE test DO action; DONE.
+ Repeatedly execute action while executing test produces
+ EXECUTION_SUCCESS. */
+static int
+execute_while_command (while_command)
+ WHILE_COM *while_command;
+{
+ return (execute_while_or_until (while_command, CMD_WHILE));
+}
+
+/* UNTIL is just like WHILE except that the test result is negated. */
+static int
+execute_until_command (while_command)
+ WHILE_COM *while_command;
+{
+ return (execute_while_or_until (while_command, CMD_UNTIL));
+}
+
+/* The body for both while and until. The only difference between the
+ two is that the test value is treated differently. TYPE is
+ CMD_WHILE or CMD_UNTIL. The return value for both commands should
+ be EXECUTION_SUCCESS if no commands in the body are executed, and
+ the status of the last command executed in the body otherwise. */
+static int
+execute_while_or_until (while_command, type)
+ WHILE_COM *while_command;
+ int type;
+{
+ int return_value, body_status;
+
+ body_status = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+ loop_level++;
+
+ while_command->test->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ if (while_command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN)
+ while_command->action->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+
+ while (1)
+ {
+ return_value = execute_command (while_command->test);
+ REAP ();
+
+ /* Need to handle `break' in the test when we would break out of the
+ loop. The job control code will set `breaking' to loop_level
+ when a job in a loop is stopped with SIGTSTP. If the stopped job
+ is in the loop test, `breaking' will not be reset unless we do
+ this, and the shell will cease to execute commands. */
+ if (type == CMD_WHILE && return_value != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ if (breaking)
+ breaking--;
+ break;
+ }
+ if (type == CMD_UNTIL && return_value == EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ if (breaking)
+ breaking--;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ QUIT;
+ body_status = execute_command (while_command->action);
+ QUIT;
+
+ if (breaking)
+ {
+ breaking--;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (continuing)
+ {
+ continuing--;
+ if (continuing)
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ loop_level--;
+
+ return (body_status);
+}
+
+/* IF test THEN command [ELSE command].
+ IF also allows ELIF in the place of ELSE IF, but
+ the parser makes *that* stupidity transparent. */
+static int
+execute_if_command (if_command)
+ IF_COM *if_command;
+{
+ int return_value, save_line_number;
+
+ save_line_number = line_number;
+ if_command->test->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ return_value = execute_command (if_command->test);
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+
+ if (return_value == EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ QUIT;
+
+ if (if_command->true_case && (if_command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN))
+ if_command->true_case->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+
+ return (execute_command (if_command->true_case));
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ QUIT;
+
+ if (if_command->false_case && (if_command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN))
+ if_command->false_case->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+
+ return (execute_command (if_command->false_case));
+ }
+}
+
+#if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
+static int
+execute_arith_command (arith_command)
+ ARITH_COM *arith_command;
+{
+ int expok, save_line_number, retval;
+ intmax_t expresult;
+ WORD_LIST *new;
+ char *exp;
+
+ expresult = 0;
+
+ save_line_number = line_number;
+ this_command_name = "(("; /* )) */
+ line_number = arith_command->line;
+ /* If we're in a function, update the line number information. */
+ if (variable_context && interactive_shell)
+ line_number -= function_line_number;
+
+ command_string_index = 0;
+ print_arith_command (arith_command->exp);
+
+ if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0)
+ {
+ FREE (the_printed_command_except_trap);
+ the_printed_command_except_trap = savestring (the_printed_command);
+ }
+
+ /* Run the debug trap before each arithmetic command, but do it after we
+ update the line number information and before we expand the various
+ words in the expression. */
+ retval = run_debug_trap ();
+#if defined (DEBUGGER)
+ /* In debugging mode, if the DEBUG trap returns a non-zero status, we
+ skip the command. */
+ if (debugging_mode && retval != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+ }
+#endif
+
+ new = expand_words_no_vars (arith_command->exp);
+
+ /* If we're tracing, make a new word list with `((' at the front and `))'
+ at the back and print it. */
+ if (echo_command_at_execute)
+ xtrace_print_arith_cmd (new);
+
+ if (new)
+ {
+ exp = new->next ? string_list (new) : new->word->word;
+ expresult = evalexp (exp, &expok);
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+ if (exp != new->word->word)
+ free (exp);
+ dispose_words (new);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ expresult = 0;
+ expok = 1;
+ }
+
+ if (expok == 0)
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+
+ return (expresult == 0 ? EXECUTION_FAILURE : EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+}
+#endif /* DPAREN_ARITHMETIC */
+
+#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
+
+static char * const nullstr = "";
+
+/* XXX - can COND ever be NULL when this is called? */
+static int
+execute_cond_node (cond)
+ COND_COM *cond;
+{
+ int result, invert, patmatch, rmatch, mflags, ignore;
+ char *arg1, *arg2;
+#if 0
+ char *t1, *t2;
+#endif
+
+ invert = (cond->flags & CMD_INVERT_RETURN);
+ ignore = (cond->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN);
+ if (ignore)
+ {
+ if (cond->left)
+ cond->left->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ if (cond->right)
+ cond->right->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+ }
+
+ if (cond->type == COND_EXPR)
+ result = execute_cond_node (cond->left);
+ else if (cond->type == COND_OR)
+ {
+ result = execute_cond_node (cond->left);
+ if (result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ result = execute_cond_node (cond->right);
+ }
+ else if (cond->type == COND_AND)
+ {
+ result = execute_cond_node (cond->left);
+ if (result == EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ result = execute_cond_node (cond->right);
+ }
+ else if (cond->type == COND_UNARY)
+ {
+ if (ignore)
+ comsub_ignore_return++;
+ arg1 = cond_expand_word (cond->left->op, 0);
+ if (ignore)
+ comsub_ignore_return--;
+ if (arg1 == 0)
+ arg1 = nullstr;
+ if (echo_command_at_execute)
+ xtrace_print_cond_term (cond->type, invert, cond->op, arg1, (char *)NULL);
+ result = unary_test (cond->op->word, arg1) ? EXECUTION_SUCCESS : EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ if (arg1 != nullstr)
+ free (arg1);
+ }
+ else if (cond->type == COND_BINARY)
+ {
+ rmatch = 0;
+ patmatch = (((cond->op->word[1] == '=') && (cond->op->word[2] == '\0') &&
+ (cond->op->word[0] == '!' || cond->op->word[0] == '=')) ||
+ (cond->op->word[0] == '=' && cond->op->word[1] == '\0'));
+#if defined (COND_REGEXP)
+ rmatch = (cond->op->word[0] == '=' && cond->op->word[1] == '~' &&
+ cond->op->word[2] == '\0');
+#endif
+
+ if (ignore)
+ comsub_ignore_return++;
+ arg1 = cond_expand_word (cond->left->op, 0);
+ if (ignore)
+ comsub_ignore_return--;
+ if (arg1 == 0)
+ arg1 = nullstr;
+ if (ignore)
+ comsub_ignore_return++;
+ arg2 = cond_expand_word (cond->right->op,
+ (rmatch && shell_compatibility_level > 31) ? 2 : (patmatch ? 1 : 0));
+ if (ignore)
+ comsub_ignore_return--;
+ if (arg2 == 0)
+ arg2 = nullstr;
+
+ if (echo_command_at_execute)
+ xtrace_print_cond_term (cond->type, invert, cond->op, arg1, arg2);
+
+#if defined (COND_REGEXP)
+ if (rmatch)
+ {
+ mflags = SHMAT_PWARN;
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ mflags |= SHMAT_SUBEXP;
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+ t1 = strescape(arg1);
+ t2 = strescape(arg2);
+ itrace("execute_cond_node: sh_regmatch on `%s' and `%s'", t1, t2);
+ free(t1);
+ free(t2);
+#endif
+
+ result = sh_regmatch (arg1, arg2, mflags);
+ }
+ else
+#endif /* COND_REGEXP */
+ {
+ int oe;
+ oe = extended_glob;
+ extended_glob = 1;
+ result = binary_test (cond->op->word, arg1, arg2, TEST_PATMATCH|TEST_ARITHEXP|TEST_LOCALE)
+ ? EXECUTION_SUCCESS
+ : EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ extended_glob = oe;
+ }
+ if (arg1 != nullstr)
+ free (arg1);
+ if (arg2 != nullstr)
+ free (arg2);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ command_error ("execute_cond_node", CMDERR_BADTYPE, cond->type, 0);
+ jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
+ result = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ }
+
+ if (invert)
+ result = (result == EXECUTION_SUCCESS) ? EXECUTION_FAILURE : EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+
+ return result;
+}
+
+static int
+execute_cond_command (cond_command)
+ COND_COM *cond_command;
+{
+ int retval, save_line_number;
+
+ retval = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+ save_line_number = line_number;
+
+ this_command_name = "[[";
+ line_number = cond_command->line;
+ /* If we're in a function, update the line number information. */
+ if (variable_context && interactive_shell)
+ line_number -= function_line_number;
+ command_string_index = 0;
+ print_cond_command (cond_command);
+
+ if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0)
+ {
+ FREE (the_printed_command_except_trap);
+ the_printed_command_except_trap = savestring (the_printed_command);
+ }
+
+ /* Run the debug trap before each conditional command, but do it after we
+ update the line number information. */
+ retval = run_debug_trap ();
+#if defined (DEBUGGER)
+ /* In debugging mode, if the DEBUG trap returns a non-zero status, we
+ skip the command. */
+ if (debugging_mode && retval != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+ }
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+ debug_print_cond_command (cond_command);
+#endif
+
+ last_command_exit_value = retval = execute_cond_node (cond_command);
+ line_number = save_line_number;
+ return (retval);
+}
+#endif /* COND_COMMAND */
+
+static void
+bind_lastarg (arg)
+ char *arg;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ if (arg == 0)
+ arg = "";
+ var = bind_variable ("_", arg, 0);
+ VUNSETATTR (var, att_exported);
+}
+
+/* Execute a null command. Fork a subshell if the command uses pipes or is
+ to be run asynchronously. This handles all the side effects that are
+ supposed to take place. */
+static int
+execute_null_command (redirects, pipe_in, pipe_out, async)
+ REDIRECT *redirects;
+ int pipe_in, pipe_out, async;
+{
+ int r;
+ int forcefork;
+ REDIRECT *rd;
+
+ for (forcefork = 0, rd = redirects; rd; rd = rd->next)
+ forcefork += rd->rflags & REDIR_VARASSIGN;
+
+ if (forcefork || pipe_in != NO_PIPE || pipe_out != NO_PIPE || async)
+ {
+ /* We have a null command, but we really want a subshell to take
+ care of it. Just fork, do piping and redirections, and exit. */
+ if (make_child ((char *)NULL, async) == 0)
+ {
+ /* Cancel traps, in trap.c. */
+ restore_original_signals (); /* XXX */
+
+ do_piping (pipe_in, pipe_out);
+
+#if defined (COPROCESS_SUPPORT)
+ coproc_closeall ();
+#endif
+
+ subshell_environment = 0;
+ if (async)
+ subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_ASYNC;
+ if (pipe_in != NO_PIPE || pipe_out != NO_PIPE)
+ subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_PIPE;
+
+ if (do_redirections (redirects, RX_ACTIVE) == 0)
+ exit (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+ else
+ exit (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ close_pipes (pipe_in, pipe_out);
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION) && defined (HAVE_DEV_FD)
+ if (pipe_out == NO_PIPE)
+ unlink_fifo_list ();
+#endif
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* Even if there aren't any command names, pretend to do the
+ redirections that are specified. The user expects the side
+ effects to take place. If the redirections fail, then return
+ failure. Otherwise, if a command substitution took place while
+ expanding the command or a redirection, return the value of that
+ substitution. Otherwise, return EXECUTION_SUCCESS. */
+
+ r = do_redirections (redirects, RX_ACTIVE|RX_UNDOABLE);
+ cleanup_redirects (redirection_undo_list);
+ redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+
+ if (r != 0)
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ else if (last_command_subst_pid != NO_PID)
+ return (last_command_exit_value);
+ else
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+ }
+}
+
+/* This is a hack to suppress word splitting for assignment statements
+ given as arguments to builtins with the ASSIGNMENT_BUILTIN flag set. */
+static void
+fix_assignment_words (words)
+ WORD_LIST *words;
+{
+ WORD_LIST *w, *wcmd;
+ struct builtin *b;
+ int assoc, global, array, integer;
+
+ if (words == 0)
+ return;
+
+ b = 0;
+ assoc = global = array = integer = 0;
+
+ /* Skip over assignment statements preceding a command name */
+ wcmd = words;
+ for (wcmd = words; wcmd; wcmd = wcmd->next)
+ if ((wcmd->word->flags & W_ASSIGNMENT) == 0)
+ break;
+
+ for (w = wcmd; w; w = w->next)
+ if (w->word->flags & W_ASSIGNMENT)
+ {
+ if (b == 0)
+ {
+ /* Posix (post-2008) says that `command' doesn't change whether
+ or not the builtin it shadows is a `declaration command', even
+ though it removes other special builtin properties. In Posix
+ mode, we skip over one or more instances of `command' and
+ deal with the next word as the assignment builtin. */
+ while (posixly_correct && wcmd && wcmd->word && wcmd->word->word && STREQ (wcmd->word->word, "command"))
+ wcmd = wcmd->next;
+ b = builtin_address_internal (wcmd->word->word, 0);
+ if (b == 0 || (b->flags & ASSIGNMENT_BUILTIN) == 0)
+ return;
+ else if (b && (b->flags & ASSIGNMENT_BUILTIN))
+ wcmd->word->flags |= W_ASSNBLTIN;
+ }
+ w->word->flags |= (W_NOSPLIT|W_NOGLOB|W_TILDEEXP|W_ASSIGNARG);
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ if (assoc)
+ w->word->flags |= W_ASSIGNASSOC;
+ if (array)
+ w->word->flags |= W_ASSIGNARRAY;
+#endif
+ if (global)
+ w->word->flags |= W_ASSNGLOBAL;
+ if (integer)
+ w->word->flags |= W_ASSIGNINT;
+ }
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ /* Note that we saw an associative array option to a builtin that takes
+ assignment statements. This is a bit of a kludge. */
+ else if (w->word->word[0] == '-' && (strchr (w->word->word+1, 'A') || strchr (w->word->word+1, 'a') || strchr (w->word->word+1, 'g')))
+#else
+ else if (w->word->word[0] == '-' && strchr (w->word->word+1, 'g'))
+#endif
+ {
+ if (b == 0)
+ {
+ while (posixly_correct && wcmd && wcmd->word && wcmd->word->word && STREQ (wcmd->word->word, "command"))
+ wcmd = wcmd->next;
+ b = builtin_address_internal (wcmd->word->word, 0);
+ if (b == 0 || (b->flags & ASSIGNMENT_BUILTIN) == 0)
+ return;
+ else if (b && (b->flags & ASSIGNMENT_BUILTIN))
+ wcmd->word->flags |= W_ASSNBLTIN;
+ }
+ if ((wcmd->word->flags & W_ASSNBLTIN) && strchr (w->word->word+1, 'A'))
+ assoc = 1;
+ else if ((wcmd->word->flags & W_ASSNBLTIN) && strchr (w->word->word+1, 'a'))
+ array = 1;
+ if ((wcmd->word->flags & W_ASSNBLTIN) && strchr (w->word->word+1, 'g'))
+ global = 1;
+ if ((wcmd->word->flags & W_ASSNBLTIN) && strchr (w->word->word+1, 'i'))
+ integer = 1;
+ }
+}
+
+/* Return 1 if the file found by searching $PATH for PATHNAME, defaulting
+ to PATHNAME, is a directory. Used by the autocd code below. */
+static int
+is_dirname (pathname)
+ char *pathname;
+{
+ char *temp;
+ int ret;
+
+ temp = search_for_command (pathname, 0);
+ ret = (temp ? file_isdir (temp) : file_isdir (pathname));
+ free (temp);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* The meaty part of all the executions. We have to start hacking the
+ real execution of commands here. Fork a process, set things up,
+ execute the command. */
+static int
+execute_simple_command (simple_command, pipe_in, pipe_out, async, fds_to_close)
+ SIMPLE_COM *simple_command;
+ int pipe_in, pipe_out, async;
+ struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
+{
+ WORD_LIST *words, *lastword;
+ char *command_line, *lastarg, *temp;
+ int first_word_quoted, result, builtin_is_special, already_forked, dofork;
+ pid_t old_last_async_pid;
+ sh_builtin_func_t *builtin;
+ SHELL_VAR *func;
+ volatile int old_builtin, old_command_builtin;
+
+ result = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+ special_builtin_failed = builtin_is_special = 0;
+ command_line = (char *)0;
+
+ QUIT;
+
+ /* If we're in a function, update the line number information. */
+ if (variable_context && interactive_shell && sourcelevel == 0)
+ line_number -= function_line_number;
+
+ /* Remember what this command line looks like at invocation. */
+ command_string_index = 0;
+ print_simple_command (simple_command);
+
+#if 0
+ if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0 && (this_command_name == 0 || (STREQ (this_command_name, "trap") == 0)))
+#else
+ if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0 && running_trap == 0)
+#endif
+ {
+ FREE (the_printed_command_except_trap);
+ the_printed_command_except_trap = the_printed_command ? savestring (the_printed_command) : (char *)0;
+ }
+
+ /* Run the debug trap before each simple command, but do it after we
+ update the line number information. */
+ result = run_debug_trap ();
+#if defined (DEBUGGER)
+ /* In debugging mode, if the DEBUG trap returns a non-zero status, we
+ skip the command. */
+ if (debugging_mode && result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+#endif
+
+ first_word_quoted =
+ simple_command->words ? (simple_command->words->word->flags & W_QUOTED) : 0;
+
+ last_command_subst_pid = NO_PID;
+ old_last_async_pid = last_asynchronous_pid;
+
+ already_forked = dofork = 0;
+
+ /* If we're in a pipeline or run in the background, set DOFORK so we
+ make the child early, before word expansion. This keeps assignment
+ statements from affecting the parent shell's environment when they
+ should not. */
+ dofork = pipe_in != NO_PIPE || pipe_out != NO_PIPE || async;
+
+ /* Something like `%2 &' should restart job 2 in the background, not cause
+ the shell to fork here. */
+ if (dofork && pipe_in == NO_PIPE && pipe_out == NO_PIPE &&
+ simple_command->words && simple_command->words->word &&
+ simple_command->words->word->word &&
+ (simple_command->words->word->word[0] == '%'))
+ dofork = 0;
+
+ if (dofork)
+ {
+ /* Do this now, because execute_disk_command will do it anyway in the
+ vast majority of cases. */
+ maybe_make_export_env ();
+
+ /* Don't let a DEBUG trap overwrite the command string to be saved with
+ the process/job associated with this child. */
+ if (make_child (savestring (the_printed_command_except_trap), async) == 0)
+ {
+ already_forked = 1;
+ simple_command->flags |= CMD_NO_FORK;
+
+ subshell_environment = SUBSHELL_FORK; /* XXX */
+ if (pipe_in != NO_PIPE || pipe_out != NO_PIPE)
+ subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_PIPE;
+ if (async)
+ subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_ASYNC;
+
+ /* We need to do this before piping to handle some really
+ pathological cases where one of the pipe file descriptors
+ is < 2. */
+ if (fds_to_close)
+ close_fd_bitmap (fds_to_close);
+
+ do_piping (pipe_in, pipe_out);
+ pipe_in = pipe_out = NO_PIPE;
+#if defined (COPROCESS_SUPPORT)
+ coproc_closeall ();
+#endif
+
+ last_asynchronous_pid = old_last_async_pid;
+
+ CHECK_SIGTERM;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* Don't let simple commands that aren't the last command in a
+ pipeline change $? for the rest of the pipeline (or at all). */
+ if (pipe_out != NO_PIPE)
+ result = last_command_exit_value;
+ close_pipes (pipe_in, pipe_out);
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION) && defined (HAVE_DEV_FD)
+ /* Close /dev/fd file descriptors in the parent after forking the
+ last child in a (possibly one-element) pipeline. Defer this
+ until any running shell function completes. */
+ if (pipe_out == NO_PIPE && variable_context == 0) /* XXX */
+ unlink_fifo_list (); /* XXX */
+#endif
+ command_line = (char *)NULL; /* don't free this. */
+ bind_lastarg ((char *)NULL);
+ return (result);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* If we are re-running this as the result of executing the `command'
+ builtin, do not expand the command words a second time. */
+ if ((simple_command->flags & CMD_INHIBIT_EXPANSION) == 0)
+ {
+ current_fds_to_close = fds_to_close;
+ fix_assignment_words (simple_command->words);
+ /* Pass the ignore return flag down to command substitutions */
+ if (simple_command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN) /* XXX */
+ comsub_ignore_return++;
+ words = expand_words (simple_command->words);
+ if (simple_command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN)
+ comsub_ignore_return--;
+ current_fds_to_close = (struct fd_bitmap *)NULL;
+ }
+ else
+ words = copy_word_list (simple_command->words);
+
+ /* It is possible for WORDS not to have anything left in it.
+ Perhaps all the words consisted of `$foo', and there was
+ no variable `$foo'. */
+ if (words == 0)
+ {
+ this_command_name = 0;
+ result = execute_null_command (simple_command->redirects,
+ pipe_in, pipe_out,
+ already_forked ? 0 : async);
+ if (already_forked)
+ exit (result);
+ else
+ {
+ bind_lastarg ((char *)NULL);
+ set_pipestatus_from_exit (result);
+ return (result);
+ }
+ }
+
+ lastarg = (char *)NULL;
+
+ begin_unwind_frame ("simple-command");
+
+ if (echo_command_at_execute)
+ xtrace_print_word_list (words, 1);
+
+ builtin = (sh_builtin_func_t *)NULL;
+ func = (SHELL_VAR *)NULL;
+ if ((simple_command->flags & CMD_NO_FUNCTIONS) == 0)
+ {
+ /* Posix.2 says special builtins are found before functions. We
+ don't set builtin_is_special anywhere other than here, because
+ this path is followed only when the `command' builtin is *not*
+ being used, and we don't want to exit the shell if a special
+ builtin executed with `command builtin' fails. `command' is not
+ a special builtin. */
+ if (posixly_correct)
+ {
+ builtin = find_special_builtin (words->word->word);
+ if (builtin)
+ builtin_is_special = 1;
+ }
+ if (builtin == 0)
+ func = find_function (words->word->word);
+ }
+
+ /* In POSIX mode, assignment errors in the temporary environment cause a
+ non-interactive shell to exit. */
+ if (posixly_correct && builtin_is_special && interactive_shell == 0 && tempenv_assign_error)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
+ }
+ tempenv_assign_error = 0; /* don't care about this any more */
+
+ add_unwind_protect (dispose_words, words);
+ QUIT;
+
+ /* Bind the last word in this command to "$_" after execution. */
+ for (lastword = words; lastword->next; lastword = lastword->next)
+ ;
+ lastarg = lastword->word->word;
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ /* Is this command a job control related thing? */
+ if (words->word->word[0] == '%' && already_forked == 0)
+ {
+ this_command_name = async ? "bg" : "fg";
+ last_shell_builtin = this_shell_builtin;
+ this_shell_builtin = builtin_address (this_command_name);
+ result = (*this_shell_builtin) (words);
+ goto return_result;
+ }
+
+ /* One other possibililty. The user may want to resume an existing job.
+ If they do, find out whether this word is a candidate for a running
+ job. */
+ if (job_control && already_forked == 0 && async == 0 &&
+ !first_word_quoted &&
+ !words->next &&
+ words->word->word[0] &&
+ !simple_command->redirects &&
+ pipe_in == NO_PIPE &&
+ pipe_out == NO_PIPE &&
+ (temp = get_string_value ("auto_resume")))
+ {
+ int job, jflags, started_status;
+
+ jflags = JM_STOPPED|JM_FIRSTMATCH;
+ if (STREQ (temp, "exact"))
+ jflags |= JM_EXACT;
+ else if (STREQ (temp, "substring"))
+ jflags |= JM_SUBSTRING;
+ else
+ jflags |= JM_PREFIX;
+ job = get_job_by_name (words->word->word, jflags);
+ if (job != NO_JOB)
+ {
+ run_unwind_frame ("simple-command");
+ this_command_name = "fg";
+ last_shell_builtin = this_shell_builtin;
+ this_shell_builtin = builtin_address ("fg");
+
+ started_status = start_job (job, 1);
+ return ((started_status < 0) ? EXECUTION_FAILURE : started_status);
+ }
+ }
+#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
+
+run_builtin:
+ /* Remember the name of this command globally. */
+ this_command_name = words->word->word;
+
+ QUIT;
+
+ /* This command could be a shell builtin or a user-defined function.
+ We have already found special builtins by this time, so we do not
+ set builtin_is_special. If this is a function or builtin, and we
+ have pipes, then fork a subshell in here. Otherwise, just execute
+ the command directly. */
+ if (func == 0 && builtin == 0)
+ builtin = find_shell_builtin (this_command_name);
+
+ last_shell_builtin = this_shell_builtin;
+ this_shell_builtin = builtin;
+
+ if (builtin || func)
+ {
+ if (builtin)
+ {
+ old_builtin = executing_builtin;
+ old_command_builtin = executing_command_builtin;
+ unwind_protect_int (executing_builtin); /* modified in execute_builtin */
+ unwind_protect_int (executing_command_builtin); /* ditto */
+ }
+ if (already_forked)
+ {
+ /* reset_terminating_signals (); */ /* XXX */
+ /* Reset the signal handlers in the child, but don't free the
+ trap strings. Set a flag noting that we have to free the
+ trap strings if we run trap to change a signal disposition. */
+ reset_signal_handlers ();
+ subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_RESETTRAP;
+
+ if (async)
+ {
+ if ((simple_command->flags & CMD_STDIN_REDIR) &&
+ pipe_in == NO_PIPE &&
+ (stdin_redirects (simple_command->redirects) == 0))
+ async_redirect_stdin ();
+ setup_async_signals ();
+ }
+
+ subshell_level++;
+ execute_subshell_builtin_or_function
+ (words, simple_command->redirects, builtin, func,
+ pipe_in, pipe_out, async, fds_to_close,
+ simple_command->flags);
+ subshell_level--;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ result = execute_builtin_or_function
+ (words, builtin, func, simple_command->redirects, fds_to_close,
+ simple_command->flags);
+ if (builtin)
+ {
+ if (result > EX_SHERRBASE)
+ {
+ switch (result)
+ {
+ case EX_REDIRFAIL:
+ case EX_BADASSIGN:
+ case EX_EXPFAIL:
+ /* These errors cause non-interactive posix mode shells to exit */
+ if (posixly_correct && builtin_is_special && interactive_shell == 0)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
+ }
+ }
+ result = builtin_status (result);
+ if (builtin_is_special)
+ special_builtin_failed = 1;
+ }
+ /* In POSIX mode, if there are assignment statements preceding
+ a special builtin, they persist after the builtin
+ completes. */
+ if (posixly_correct && builtin_is_special && temporary_env)
+ merge_temporary_env ();
+ }
+ else /* function */
+ {
+ if (result == EX_USAGE)
+ result = EX_BADUSAGE;
+ else if (result > EX_SHERRBASE)
+ result = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ }
+
+ set_pipestatus_from_exit (result);
+
+ goto return_result;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (autocd && interactive && words->word && is_dirname (words->word->word))
+ {
+ words = make_word_list (make_word ("cd"), words);
+ xtrace_print_word_list (words, 0);
+ goto run_builtin;
+ }
+
+ if (command_line == 0)
+ command_line = savestring (the_printed_command_except_trap ? the_printed_command_except_trap : "");
+
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
+ if ((subshell_environment & SUBSHELL_COMSUB) && (simple_command->flags & CMD_NO_FORK) && fifos_pending() > 0)
+ simple_command->flags &= ~CMD_NO_FORK;
+#endif
+
+ result = execute_disk_command (words, simple_command->redirects, command_line,
+ pipe_in, pipe_out, async, fds_to_close,
+ simple_command->flags);
+
+ return_result:
+ bind_lastarg (lastarg);
+ FREE (command_line);
+ dispose_words (words);
+ if (builtin)
+ {
+ executing_builtin = old_builtin;
+ executing_command_builtin = old_command_builtin;
+ }
+ discard_unwind_frame ("simple-command");
+ this_command_name = (char *)NULL; /* points to freed memory now */
+ return (result);
+}
+
+/* Translate the special builtin exit statuses. We don't really need a
+ function for this; it's a placeholder for future work. */
+static int
+builtin_status (result)
+ int result;
+{
+ int r;
+
+ switch (result)
+ {
+ case EX_USAGE:
+ r = EX_BADUSAGE;
+ break;
+ case EX_REDIRFAIL:
+ case EX_BADSYNTAX:
+ case EX_BADASSIGN:
+ case EX_EXPFAIL:
+ r = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ break;
+ default:
+ r = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+ break;
+ }
+ return (r);
+}
+
+static int
+execute_builtin (builtin, words, flags, subshell)
+ sh_builtin_func_t *builtin;
+ WORD_LIST *words;
+ int flags, subshell;
+{
+ int old_e_flag, result, eval_unwind;
+ int isbltinenv;
+ char *error_trap;
+
+ error_trap = 0;
+ old_e_flag = exit_immediately_on_error;
+
+ /* The eval builtin calls parse_and_execute, which does not know about
+ the setting of flags, and always calls the execution functions with
+ flags that will exit the shell on an error if -e is set. If the
+ eval builtin is being called, and we're supposed to ignore the exit
+ value of the command, we turn the -e flag off ourselves and disable
+ the ERR trap, then restore them when the command completes. This is
+ also a problem (as below) for the command and source/. builtins. */
+ if (subshell == 0 && (flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN) &&
+ (builtin == eval_builtin || builtin == command_builtin || builtin == source_builtin))
+ {
+ begin_unwind_frame ("eval_builtin");
+ unwind_protect_int (exit_immediately_on_error);
+ unwind_protect_int (builtin_ignoring_errexit);
+ error_trap = TRAP_STRING (ERROR_TRAP);
+ if (error_trap)
+ {
+ error_trap = savestring (error_trap);
+ add_unwind_protect (xfree, error_trap);
+ add_unwind_protect (set_error_trap, error_trap);
+ restore_default_signal (ERROR_TRAP);
+ }
+ exit_immediately_on_error = 0;
+ builtin_ignoring_errexit = 1;
+ eval_unwind = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ eval_unwind = 0;
+
+ /* The temporary environment for a builtin is supposed to apply to
+ all commands executed by that builtin. Currently, this is a
+ problem only with the `unset', `source' and `eval' builtins.
+ `mapfile' is a special case because it uses evalstring (same as
+ eval or source) to run its callbacks. */
+ isbltinenv = (builtin == source_builtin || builtin == eval_builtin || builtin == unset_builtin || builtin == mapfile_builtin);
+
+ if (isbltinenv)
+ {
+ if (subshell == 0)
+ begin_unwind_frame ("builtin_env");
+
+ if (temporary_env)
+ {
+ push_scope (VC_BLTNENV, temporary_env);
+ if (subshell == 0)
+ add_unwind_protect (pop_scope, (flags & CMD_COMMAND_BUILTIN) ? 0 : "1");
+ temporary_env = (HASH_TABLE *)NULL;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (subshell == 0 && builtin == eval_builtin)
+ {
+ if (evalnest_max > 0 && evalnest >= evalnest_max)
+ {
+ internal_error (_("eval: maximum eval nesting level exceeded (%d)"), evalnest);
+ evalnest = 0;
+ jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
+ }
+ unwind_protect_int (evalnest);
+ /* The test for subshell == 0 above doesn't make a difference */
+ evalnest++; /* execute_subshell_builtin_or_function sets this to 0 */
+ }
+ else if (subshell == 0 && builtin == source_builtin)
+ {
+ if (sourcenest_max > 0 && sourcenest >= sourcenest_max)
+ {
+ internal_error (_("%s: maximum source nesting level exceeded (%d)"), this_command_name, sourcenest);
+ sourcenest = 0;
+ jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
+ }
+ unwind_protect_int (sourcenest);
+ /* The test for subshell == 0 above doesn't make a difference */
+ sourcenest++; /* execute_subshell_builtin_or_function sets this to 0 */
+ }
+
+
+ /* `return' does a longjmp() back to a saved environment in execute_function.
+ If a variable assignment list preceded the command, and the shell is
+ running in POSIX mode, we need to merge that into the shell_variables
+ table, since `return' is a POSIX special builtin. */
+ if (posixly_correct && subshell == 0 && builtin == return_builtin && temporary_env)
+ {
+ begin_unwind_frame ("return_temp_env");
+ add_unwind_protect (merge_temporary_env, (char *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ executing_builtin++;
+ executing_command_builtin |= builtin == command_builtin;
+ result = ((*builtin) (words->next));
+
+ /* This shouldn't happen, but in case `return' comes back instead of
+ longjmp'ing, we need to unwind. */
+ if (posixly_correct && subshell == 0 && builtin == return_builtin && temporary_env)
+ discard_unwind_frame ("return_temp_env");
+
+ if (subshell == 0 && isbltinenv)
+ run_unwind_frame ("builtin_env");
+
+ if (eval_unwind)
+ {
+ exit_immediately_on_error = errexit_flag;
+ builtin_ignoring_errexit = 0;
+ if (error_trap)
+ {
+ set_error_trap (error_trap);
+ xfree (error_trap);
+ }
+ discard_unwind_frame ("eval_builtin");
+ }
+
+ return (result);
+}
+
+static int
+execute_function (var, words, flags, fds_to_close, async, subshell)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ WORD_LIST *words;
+ int flags;
+ struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
+ int async, subshell;
+{
+ int return_val, result;
+ COMMAND *tc, *fc, *save_current;
+ char *debug_trap, *error_trap, *return_trap;
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ SHELL_VAR *funcname_v, *nfv, *bash_source_v, *bash_lineno_v;
+ ARRAY *funcname_a;
+ volatile ARRAY *bash_source_a;
+ volatile ARRAY *bash_lineno_a;
+#endif
+ FUNCTION_DEF *shell_fn;
+ char *sfile, *t;
+
+ USE_VAR(fc);
+
+ if (funcnest_max > 0 && funcnest >= funcnest_max)
+ {
+ internal_error (_("%s: maximum function nesting level exceeded (%d)"), var->name, funcnest);
+ funcnest = 0; /* XXX - should we reset it somewhere else? */
+ jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
+ }
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ GET_ARRAY_FROM_VAR ("FUNCNAME", funcname_v, funcname_a);
+ GET_ARRAY_FROM_VAR ("BASH_SOURCE", bash_source_v, bash_source_a);
+ GET_ARRAY_FROM_VAR ("BASH_LINENO", bash_lineno_v, bash_lineno_a);
+#endif
+
+ tc = (COMMAND *)copy_command (function_cell (var));
+ if (tc && (flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN))
+ tc->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
+
+ if (subshell == 0)
+ {
+ begin_unwind_frame ("function_calling");
+ push_context (var->name, subshell, temporary_env);
+ add_unwind_protect (pop_context, (char *)NULL);
+ unwind_protect_int (line_number);
+ unwind_protect_int (return_catch_flag);
+ unwind_protect_jmp_buf (return_catch);
+ add_unwind_protect (dispose_command, (char *)tc);
+ unwind_protect_pointer (this_shell_function);
+ unwind_protect_int (loop_level);
+ unwind_protect_int (funcnest);
+ }
+ else
+ push_context (var->name, subshell, temporary_env); /* don't unwind-protect for subshells */
+
+ temporary_env = (HASH_TABLE *)NULL;
+
+ this_shell_function = var;
+ make_funcname_visible (1);
+
+ debug_trap = TRAP_STRING(DEBUG_TRAP);
+ error_trap = TRAP_STRING(ERROR_TRAP);
+ return_trap = TRAP_STRING(RETURN_TRAP);
+
+ /* The order of the unwind protects for debug_trap, error_trap and
+ return_trap is important here! unwind-protect commands are run
+ in reverse order of registration. If this causes problems, take
+ out the xfree unwind-protect calls and live with the small memory leak. */
+
+ /* function_trace_mode != 0 means that all functions inherit the DEBUG trap.
+ if the function has the trace attribute set, it inherits the DEBUG trap */
+ if (debug_trap && ((trace_p (var) == 0) && function_trace_mode == 0))
+ {
+ if (subshell == 0)
+ {
+ debug_trap = savestring (debug_trap);
+ add_unwind_protect (xfree, debug_trap);
+ add_unwind_protect (set_debug_trap, debug_trap);
+ }
+ restore_default_signal (DEBUG_TRAP);
+ }
+
+ /* error_trace_mode != 0 means that functions inherit the ERR trap. */
+ if (error_trap && error_trace_mode == 0)
+ {
+ if (subshell == 0)
+ {
+ error_trap = savestring (error_trap);
+ add_unwind_protect (xfree, error_trap);
+ add_unwind_protect (set_error_trap, error_trap);
+ }
+ restore_default_signal (ERROR_TRAP);
+ }
+
+ /* Shell functions inherit the RETURN trap if function tracing is on
+ globally or on individually for this function. */
+#if 0
+ if (return_trap && ((trace_p (var) == 0) && function_trace_mode == 0))
+#else
+ if (return_trap && (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) || ((trace_p (var) == 0) && function_trace_mode == 0)))
+#endif
+ {
+ if (subshell == 0)
+ {
+ return_trap = savestring (return_trap);
+ add_unwind_protect (xfree, return_trap);
+ add_unwind_protect (set_return_trap, return_trap);
+ }
+ restore_default_signal (RETURN_TRAP);
+ }
+
+ funcnest++;
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ /* This is quite similar to the code in shell.c and elsewhere. */
+ shell_fn = find_function_def (this_shell_function->name);
+ sfile = shell_fn ? shell_fn->source_file : "";
+ array_push ((ARRAY *)funcname_a, this_shell_function->name);
+
+ array_push ((ARRAY *)bash_source_a, sfile);
+ t = itos (executing_line_number ());
+ array_push ((ARRAY *)bash_lineno_a, t);
+ free (t);
+#endif
+
+ /* The temporary environment for a function is supposed to apply to
+ all commands executed within the function body. */
+
+ remember_args (words->next, 1);
+
+ /* Update BASH_ARGV and BASH_ARGC */
+ if (debugging_mode)
+ push_args (words->next);
+
+ /* Number of the line on which the function body starts. */
+ line_number = function_line_number = tc->line;
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ if (subshell)
+ stop_pipeline (async, (COMMAND *)NULL);
+#endif
+
+ fc = tc;
+
+ from_return_trap = 0;
+
+ return_catch_flag++;
+ return_val = setjmp_nosigs (return_catch);
+
+ if (return_val)
+ {
+ result = return_catch_value;
+ /* Run the RETURN trap in the function's context. */
+ save_current = currently_executing_command;
+ if (from_return_trap == 0)
+ run_return_trap ();
+ currently_executing_command = save_current;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* Run the debug trap here so we can trap at the start of a function's
+ execution rather than the execution of the body's first command. */
+ showing_function_line = 1;
+ save_current = currently_executing_command;
+ result = run_debug_trap ();
+#if defined (DEBUGGER)
+ /* In debugging mode, if the DEBUG trap returns a non-zero status, we
+ skip the command. */
+ if (debugging_mode == 0 || result == EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ showing_function_line = 0;
+ currently_executing_command = save_current;
+ result = execute_command_internal (fc, 0, NO_PIPE, NO_PIPE, fds_to_close);
+
+ /* Run the RETURN trap in the function's context */
+ save_current = currently_executing_command;
+ run_return_trap ();
+ currently_executing_command = save_current;
+ }
+#else
+ result = execute_command_internal (fc, 0, NO_PIPE, NO_PIPE, fds_to_close);
+
+ save_current = currently_executing_command;
+ run_return_trap ();
+ currently_executing_command = save_current;
+#endif
+ showing_function_line = 0;
+ }
+
+ /* Restore BASH_ARGC and BASH_ARGV */
+ if (debugging_mode)
+ pop_args ();
+
+ if (subshell == 0)
+ run_unwind_frame ("function_calling");
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ /* These two variables cannot be unset, and cannot be affected by the
+ function. */
+ array_pop ((ARRAY *)bash_source_a);
+ array_pop ((ARRAY *)bash_lineno_a);
+
+ /* FUNCNAME can be unset, and so can potentially be changed by the
+ function. */
+ GET_ARRAY_FROM_VAR ("FUNCNAME", nfv, funcname_a);
+ if (nfv == funcname_v)
+ array_pop (funcname_a);
+#endif
+
+ if (variable_context == 0 || this_shell_function == 0)
+ {
+ make_funcname_visible (0);
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
+ unlink_fifo_list ();
+#endif
+ }
+
+ return (result);
+}
+
+/* A convenience routine for use by other parts of the shell to execute
+ a particular shell function. */
+int
+execute_shell_function (var, words)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ WORD_LIST *words;
+{
+ int ret;
+ struct fd_bitmap *bitmap;
+
+ bitmap = new_fd_bitmap (FD_BITMAP_DEFAULT_SIZE);
+ begin_unwind_frame ("execute-shell-function");
+ add_unwind_protect (dispose_fd_bitmap, (char *)bitmap);
+
+ ret = execute_function (var, words, 0, bitmap, 0, 0);
+
+ dispose_fd_bitmap (bitmap);
+ discard_unwind_frame ("execute-shell-function");
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* Execute a shell builtin or function in a subshell environment. This
+ routine does not return; it only calls exit(). If BUILTIN is non-null,
+ it points to a function to call to execute a shell builtin; otherwise
+ VAR points at the body of a function to execute. WORDS is the arguments
+ to the command, REDIRECTS specifies redirections to perform before the
+ command is executed. */
+static void
+execute_subshell_builtin_or_function (words, redirects, builtin, var,
+ pipe_in, pipe_out, async, fds_to_close,
+ flags)
+ WORD_LIST *words;
+ REDIRECT *redirects;
+ sh_builtin_func_t *builtin;
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ int pipe_in, pipe_out, async;
+ struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
+ int flags;
+{
+ int result, r, funcvalue;
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ int jobs_hack;
+
+ jobs_hack = (builtin == jobs_builtin) &&
+ ((subshell_environment & SUBSHELL_ASYNC) == 0 || pipe_out != NO_PIPE);
+#endif
+
+ /* A subshell is neither a login shell nor interactive. */
+ login_shell = interactive = 0;
+ if (builtin == eval_builtin)
+ evalnest = 0;
+ else if (builtin == source_builtin)
+ sourcenest = 0;
+
+ if (async)
+ subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_ASYNC;
+ if (pipe_in != NO_PIPE || pipe_out != NO_PIPE)
+ subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_PIPE;
+
+ maybe_make_export_env (); /* XXX - is this needed? */
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ /* Eradicate all traces of job control after we fork the subshell, so
+ all jobs begun by this subshell are in the same process group as
+ the shell itself. */
+
+ /* Allow the output of `jobs' to be piped. */
+ if (jobs_hack)
+ kill_current_pipeline ();
+ else
+ without_job_control ();
+
+ set_sigchld_handler ();
+#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
+
+ set_sigint_handler ();
+
+ if (fds_to_close)
+ close_fd_bitmap (fds_to_close);
+
+ do_piping (pipe_in, pipe_out);
+
+ if (do_redirections (redirects, RX_ACTIVE) != 0)
+ exit (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+
+ if (builtin)
+ {
+ /* Give builtins a place to jump back to on failure,
+ so we don't go back up to main(). */
+ result = setjmp_nosigs (top_level);
+
+ /* Give the return builtin a place to jump to when executed in a subshell
+ or pipeline */
+ funcvalue = 0;
+ if (return_catch_flag && builtin == return_builtin)
+ funcvalue = setjmp_nosigs (return_catch);
+
+ if (result == EXITPROG)
+ exit (last_command_exit_value);
+ else if (result)
+ exit (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ else if (funcvalue)
+ exit (return_catch_value);
+ else
+ {
+ r = execute_builtin (builtin, words, flags, 1);
+ fflush (stdout);
+ if (r == EX_USAGE)
+ r = EX_BADUSAGE;
+ exit (r);
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ r = execute_function (var, words, flags, fds_to_close, async, 1);
+ fflush (stdout);
+ exit (r);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Execute a builtin or function in the current shell context. If BUILTIN
+ is non-null, it is the builtin command to execute, otherwise VAR points
+ to the body of a function. WORDS are the command's arguments, REDIRECTS
+ are the redirections to perform. FDS_TO_CLOSE is the usual bitmap of
+ file descriptors to close.
+
+ If BUILTIN is exec_builtin, the redirections specified in REDIRECTS are
+ not undone before this function returns. */
+static int
+execute_builtin_or_function (words, builtin, var, redirects,
+ fds_to_close, flags)
+ WORD_LIST *words;
+ sh_builtin_func_t *builtin;
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ REDIRECT *redirects;
+ struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
+ int flags;
+{
+ int result;
+ REDIRECT *saved_undo_list;
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
+ int ofifo, nfifo, osize;
+ char *ofifo_list;
+#endif
+
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
+ ofifo = num_fifos ();
+ ofifo_list = copy_fifo_list (&osize);
+#endif
+
+ if (do_redirections (redirects, RX_ACTIVE|RX_UNDOABLE) != 0)
+ {
+ cleanup_redirects (redirection_undo_list);
+ redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+ dispose_exec_redirects ();
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
+ free (ofifo_list);
+#endif
+ return (EX_REDIRFAIL); /* was EXECUTION_FAILURE */
+ }
+
+ saved_undo_list = redirection_undo_list;
+
+ /* Calling the "exec" builtin changes redirections forever. */
+ if (builtin == exec_builtin)
+ {
+ dispose_redirects (saved_undo_list);
+ saved_undo_list = exec_redirection_undo_list;
+ exec_redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+ }
+ else
+ dispose_exec_redirects ();
+
+ if (saved_undo_list)
+ {
+ begin_unwind_frame ("saved-redirects");
+ add_unwind_protect (cleanup_redirects, (char *)saved_undo_list);
+ }
+
+ redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+
+ if (builtin)
+ result = execute_builtin (builtin, words, flags, 0);
+ else
+ result = execute_function (var, words, flags, fds_to_close, 0, 0);
+
+ /* We do this before undoing the effects of any redirections. */
+ fflush (stdout);
+ fpurge (stdout);
+ if (ferror (stdout))
+ clearerr (stdout);
+
+ /* If we are executing the `command' builtin, but this_shell_builtin is
+ set to `exec_builtin', we know that we have something like
+ `command exec [redirection]', since otherwise `exec' would have
+ overwritten the shell and we wouldn't get here. In this case, we
+ want to behave as if the `command' builtin had not been specified
+ and preserve the redirections. */
+ if (builtin == command_builtin && this_shell_builtin == exec_builtin)
+ {
+ int discard;
+
+ discard = 0;
+ if (saved_undo_list)
+ {
+ dispose_redirects (saved_undo_list);
+ discard = 1;
+ }
+ redirection_undo_list = exec_redirection_undo_list;
+ saved_undo_list = exec_redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+ if (discard)
+ discard_unwind_frame ("saved-redirects");
+ }
+
+ if (saved_undo_list)
+ {
+ redirection_undo_list = saved_undo_list;
+ discard_unwind_frame ("saved-redirects");
+ }
+
+ if (redirection_undo_list)
+ {
+ cleanup_redirects (redirection_undo_list);
+ redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+ }
+
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
+ /* Close any FIFOs created by this builtin or function. */
+ nfifo = num_fifos ();
+ if (nfifo > ofifo)
+ close_new_fifos (ofifo_list, osize);
+ free (ofifo_list);
+#endif
+
+ return (result);
+}
+
+void
+setup_async_signals ()
+{
+#if defined (__BEOS__)
+ set_signal_handler (SIGHUP, SIG_IGN); /* they want csh-like behavior */
+#endif
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ if (job_control == 0)
+#endif
+ {
+ /* Make sure we get the original signal dispositions now so we don't
+ confuse the trap builtin later if the subshell tries to use it to
+ reset SIGINT/SIGQUIT. Don't call set_signal_ignored; that sets
+ the value of original_signals to SIG_IGN. Posix interpretation 751. */
+ get_original_signal (SIGINT);
+ set_signal_handler (SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
+
+ get_original_signal (SIGQUIT);
+ set_signal_handler (SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Execute a simple command that is hopefully defined in a disk file
+ somewhere.
+
+ 1) fork ()
+ 2) connect pipes
+ 3) look up the command
+ 4) do redirections
+ 5) execve ()
+ 6) If the execve failed, see if the file has executable mode set.
+ If so, and it isn't a directory, then execute its contents as
+ a shell script.
+
+ Note that the filename hashing stuff has to take place up here,
+ in the parent. This is probably why the Bourne style shells
+ don't handle it, since that would require them to go through
+ this gnarly hair, for no good reason.
+
+ NOTE: callers expect this to fork or exit(). */
+
+/* Name of a shell function to call when a command name is not found. */
+#ifndef NOTFOUND_HOOK
+# define NOTFOUND_HOOK "command_not_found_handle"
+#endif
+
+static int
+execute_disk_command (words, redirects, command_line, pipe_in, pipe_out,
+ async, fds_to_close, cmdflags)
+ WORD_LIST *words;
+ REDIRECT *redirects;
+ char *command_line;
+ int pipe_in, pipe_out, async;
+ struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
+ int cmdflags;
+{
+ char *pathname, *command, **args;
+ int nofork, result;
+ pid_t pid;
+ SHELL_VAR *hookf;
+ WORD_LIST *wl;
+
+ nofork = (cmdflags & CMD_NO_FORK); /* Don't fork, just exec, if no pipes */
+ pathname = words->word->word;
+
+ result = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
+#if defined (RESTRICTED_SHELL)
+ command = (char *)NULL;
+ if (restricted && mbschr (pathname, '/'))
+ {
+ internal_error (_("%s: restricted: cannot specify `/' in command names"),
+ pathname);
+ result = last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+
+ /* If we're not going to fork below, we must already be in a child
+ process or a context in which it's safe to call exit(2). */
+ if (nofork && pipe_in == NO_PIPE && pipe_out == NO_PIPE)
+ exit (last_command_exit_value);
+ else
+ goto parent_return;
+ }
+#endif /* RESTRICTED_SHELL */
+
+ command = search_for_command (pathname, 1);
+
+ if (command)
+ {
+ maybe_make_export_env ();
+ put_command_name_into_env (command);
+ }
+
+ /* We have to make the child before we check for the non-existence
+ of COMMAND, since we want the error messages to be redirected. */
+ /* If we can get away without forking and there are no pipes to deal with,
+ don't bother to fork, just directly exec the command. */
+ if (nofork && pipe_in == NO_PIPE && pipe_out == NO_PIPE)
+ pid = 0;
+ else
+ pid = make_child (savestring (command_line), async);
+
+ if (pid == 0)
+ {
+ int old_interactive;
+
+ reset_terminating_signals (); /* XXX */
+ /* Cancel traps, in trap.c. */
+ restore_original_signals ();
+
+ CHECK_SIGTERM;
+
+ /* restore_original_signals may have undone the work done
+ by make_child to ensure that SIGINT and SIGQUIT are ignored
+ in asynchronous children. */
+ if (async)
+ {
+ if ((cmdflags & CMD_STDIN_REDIR) &&
+ pipe_in == NO_PIPE &&
+ (stdin_redirects (redirects) == 0))
+ async_redirect_stdin ();
+ setup_async_signals ();
+ }
+
+ /* This functionality is now provided by close-on-exec of the
+ file descriptors manipulated by redirection and piping.
+ Some file descriptors still need to be closed in all children
+ because of the way bash does pipes; fds_to_close is a
+ bitmap of all such file descriptors. */
+ if (fds_to_close)
+ close_fd_bitmap (fds_to_close);
+
+ do_piping (pipe_in, pipe_out);
+
+ old_interactive = interactive;
+ if (async)
+ interactive = 0;
+
+ subshell_environment = SUBSHELL_FORK; /* XXX */
+
+ if (redirects && (do_redirections (redirects, RX_ACTIVE) != 0))
+ {
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
+ /* Try to remove named pipes that may have been created as the
+ result of redirections. */
+ unlink_fifo_list ();
+#endif /* PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION */
+ exit (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ if (async)
+ interactive = old_interactive;
+
+ if (command == 0)
+ {
+ hookf = find_function (NOTFOUND_HOOK);
+ if (hookf == 0)
+ {
+ /* Make sure filenames are displayed using printable characters */
+ pathname = printable_filename (pathname, 0);
+ internal_error (_("%s: command not found"), pathname);
+ exit (EX_NOTFOUND); /* Posix.2 says the exit status is 127 */
+ }
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ /* May need to reinitialize more of the job control state here. */
+ kill_current_pipeline ();
+#endif
+
+ wl = make_word_list (make_word (NOTFOUND_HOOK), words);
+ exit (execute_shell_function (hookf, wl));
+ }
+
+ CHECK_SIGTERM;
+
+ /* Execve expects the command name to be in args[0]. So we
+ leave it there, in the same format that the user used to
+ type it in. */
+ args = strvec_from_word_list (words, 0, 0, (int *)NULL);
+ exit (shell_execve (command, args, export_env));
+ }
+ else
+ {
+parent_return:
+ QUIT;
+
+ /* Make sure that the pipes are closed in the parent. */
+ close_pipes (pipe_in, pipe_out);
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION) && defined (HAVE_DEV_FD)
+ if (variable_context == 0)
+ unlink_fifo_list ();
+#endif
+ FREE (command);
+ return (result);
+ }
+}
+
+/* CPP defines to decide whether a particular index into the #! line
+ corresponds to a valid interpreter name or argument character, or
+ whitespace. The MSDOS define is to allow \r to be treated the same
+ as \n. */
+
+#if !defined (MSDOS)
+# define STRINGCHAR(ind) \
+ (ind < sample_len && !whitespace (sample[ind]) && sample[ind] != '\n')
+# define WHITECHAR(ind) \
+ (ind < sample_len && whitespace (sample[ind]))
+#else /* MSDOS */
+# define STRINGCHAR(ind) \
+ (ind < sample_len && !whitespace (sample[ind]) && sample[ind] != '\n' && sample[ind] != '\r')
+# define WHITECHAR(ind) \
+ (ind < sample_len && whitespace (sample[ind]))
+#endif /* MSDOS */
+
+static char *
+getinterp (sample, sample_len, endp)
+ char *sample;
+ int sample_len, *endp;
+{
+ register int i;
+ char *execname;
+ int start;
+
+ /* Find the name of the interpreter to exec. */
+ for (i = 2; i < sample_len && whitespace (sample[i]); i++)
+ ;
+
+ for (start = i; STRINGCHAR(i); i++)
+ ;
+
+ execname = substring (sample, start, i);
+
+ if (endp)
+ *endp = i;
+ return execname;
+}
+
+#if !defined (HAVE_HASH_BANG_EXEC)
+/* If the operating system on which we're running does not handle
+ the #! executable format, then help out. SAMPLE is the text read
+ from the file, SAMPLE_LEN characters. COMMAND is the name of
+ the script; it and ARGS, the arguments given by the user, will
+ become arguments to the specified interpreter. ENV is the environment
+ to pass to the interpreter.
+
+ The word immediately following the #! is the interpreter to execute.
+ A single argument to the interpreter is allowed. */
+
+static int
+execute_shell_script (sample, sample_len, command, args, env)
+ char *sample;
+ int sample_len;
+ char *command;
+ char **args, **env;
+{
+ char *execname, *firstarg;
+ int i, start, size_increment, larry;
+
+ /* Find the name of the interpreter to exec. */
+ execname = getinterp (sample, sample_len, &i);
+ size_increment = 1;
+
+ /* Now the argument, if any. */
+ for (firstarg = (char *)NULL, start = i; WHITECHAR(i); i++)
+ ;
+
+ /* If there is more text on the line, then it is an argument for the
+ interpreter. */
+
+ if (STRINGCHAR(i))
+ {
+ for (start = i; STRINGCHAR(i); i++)
+ ;
+ firstarg = substring ((char *)sample, start, i);
+ size_increment = 2;
+ }
+
+ larry = strvec_len (args) + size_increment;
+ args = strvec_resize (args, larry + 1);
+
+ for (i = larry - 1; i; i--)
+ args[i] = args[i - size_increment];
+
+ args[0] = execname;
+ if (firstarg)
+ {
+ args[1] = firstarg;
+ args[2] = command;
+ }
+ else
+ args[1] = command;
+
+ args[larry] = (char *)NULL;
+
+ return (shell_execve (execname, args, env));
+}
+#undef STRINGCHAR
+#undef WHITECHAR
+
+#endif /* !HAVE_HASH_BANG_EXEC */
+
+static void
+initialize_subshell ()
+{
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+ /* Forget about any aliases that we knew of. We are in a subshell. */
+ delete_all_aliases ();
+#endif /* ALIAS */
+
+#if defined (HISTORY)
+ /* Forget about the history lines we have read. This is a non-interactive
+ subshell. */
+ history_lines_this_session = 0;
+#endif
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ /* Forget about the way job control was working. We are in a subshell. */
+ without_job_control ();
+ set_sigchld_handler ();
+ init_job_stats ();
+#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
+
+ /* Reset the values of the shell flags and options. */
+ reset_shell_flags ();
+ reset_shell_options ();
+ reset_shopt_options ();
+
+ /* Zero out builtin_env, since this could be a shell script run from a
+ sourced file with a temporary environment supplied to the `source/.'
+ builtin. Such variables are not supposed to be exported (empirical
+ testing with sh and ksh). Just throw it away; don't worry about a
+ memory leak. */
+ if (vc_isbltnenv (shell_variables))
+ shell_variables = shell_variables->down;
+
+ clear_unwind_protect_list (0);
+ /* XXX -- are there other things we should be resetting here? */
+ parse_and_execute_level = 0; /* nothing left to restore it */
+
+ /* We're no longer inside a shell function. */
+ variable_context = return_catch_flag = funcnest = evalnest = sourcenest = 0;
+
+ executing_list = 0; /* XXX */
+
+ /* If we're not interactive, close the file descriptor from which we're
+ reading the current shell script. */
+ if (interactive_shell == 0)
+ unset_bash_input (0);
+}
+
+#if defined (HAVE_SETOSTYPE) && defined (_POSIX_SOURCE)
+# define SETOSTYPE(x) __setostype(x)
+#else
+# define SETOSTYPE(x)
+#endif
+
+#define READ_SAMPLE_BUF(file, buf, len) \
+ do \
+ { \
+ fd = open(file, O_RDONLY); \
+ if (fd >= 0) \
+ { \
+ len = read (fd, buf, 80); \
+ close (fd); \
+ } \
+ else \
+ len = -1; \
+ } \
+ while (0)
+
+/* Call execve (), handling interpreting shell scripts, and handling
+ exec failures. */
+int
+shell_execve (command, args, env)
+ char *command;
+ char **args, **env;
+{
+ int larray, i, fd;
+ char sample[80];
+ int sample_len;
+
+ SETOSTYPE (0); /* Some systems use for USG/POSIX semantics */
+ execve (command, args, env);
+ i = errno; /* error from execve() */
+ CHECK_TERMSIG;
+ SETOSTYPE (1);
+
+ /* If we get to this point, then start checking out the file.
+ Maybe it is something we can hack ourselves. */
+ if (i != ENOEXEC)
+ {
+ /* make sure this is set correctly for file_error/report_error */
+ last_command_exit_value = (i == ENOENT) ? EX_NOTFOUND : EX_NOEXEC; /* XXX Posix.2 says that exit status is 126 */
+ if (file_isdir (command))
+#if defined (EISDIR)
+ internal_error (_("%s: %s"), command, strerror (EISDIR));
+#else
+ internal_error (_("%s: is a directory"), command);
+#endif
+ else if (executable_file (command) == 0)
+ {
+ errno = i;
+ file_error (command);
+ }
+ /* errors not involving the path argument to execve. */
+ else if (i == E2BIG || i == ENOMEM)
+ {
+ errno = i;
+ file_error (command);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* The file has the execute bits set, but the kernel refuses to
+ run it for some reason. See why. */
+#if defined (HAVE_HASH_BANG_EXEC)
+ READ_SAMPLE_BUF (command, sample, sample_len);
+ sample[sample_len - 1] = '\0';
+ if (sample_len > 2 && sample[0] == '#' && sample[1] == '!')
+ {
+ char *interp;
+ int ilen;
+
+ interp = getinterp (sample, sample_len, (int *)NULL);
+ ilen = strlen (interp);
+ errno = i;
+ if (interp[ilen - 1] == '\r')
+ {
+ interp = xrealloc (interp, ilen + 2);
+ interp[ilen - 1] = '^';
+ interp[ilen] = 'M';
+ interp[ilen + 1] = '\0';
+ }
+ sys_error (_("%s: %s: bad interpreter"), command, interp ? interp : "");
+ FREE (interp);
+ return (EX_NOEXEC);
+ }
+#endif
+ errno = i;
+ file_error (command);
+ }
+ return (last_command_exit_value);
+ }
+
+ /* This file is executable.
+ If it begins with #!, then help out people with losing operating
+ systems. Otherwise, check to see if it is a binary file by seeing
+ if the contents of the first line (or up to 80 characters) are in the
+ ASCII set. If it's a text file, execute the contents as shell commands,
+ otherwise return 126 (EX_BINARY_FILE). */
+ READ_SAMPLE_BUF (command, sample, sample_len);
+
+ if (sample_len == 0)
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+
+ /* Is this supposed to be an executable script?
+ If so, the format of the line is "#! interpreter [argument]".
+ A single argument is allowed. The BSD kernel restricts
+ the length of the entire line to 32 characters (32 bytes
+ being the size of the BSD exec header), but we allow 80
+ characters. */
+ if (sample_len > 0)
+ {
+#if !defined (HAVE_HASH_BANG_EXEC)
+ if (sample_len > 2 && sample[0] == '#' && sample[1] == '!')
+ return (execute_shell_script (sample, sample_len, command, args, env));
+ else
+#endif
+ if (check_binary_file (sample, sample_len))
+ {
+ internal_error (_("%s: cannot execute binary file: %s"), command, strerror (i));
+ return (EX_BINARY_FILE);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* We have committed to attempting to execute the contents of this file
+ as shell commands. */
+
+ initialize_subshell ();
+
+ set_sigint_handler ();
+
+ /* Insert the name of this shell into the argument list. */
+ larray = strvec_len (args) + 1;
+ args = strvec_resize (args, larray + 1);
+
+ for (i = larray - 1; i; i--)
+ args[i] = args[i - 1];
+
+ args[0] = shell_name;
+ args[1] = command;
+ args[larray] = (char *)NULL;
+
+ if (args[0][0] == '-')
+ args[0]++;
+
+#if defined (RESTRICTED_SHELL)
+ if (restricted)
+ change_flag ('r', FLAG_OFF);
+#endif
+
+ if (subshell_argv)
+ {
+ /* Can't free subshell_argv[0]; that is shell_name. */
+ for (i = 1; i < subshell_argc; i++)
+ free (subshell_argv[i]);
+ free (subshell_argv);
+ }
+
+ dispose_command (currently_executing_command); /* XXX */
+ currently_executing_command = (COMMAND *)NULL;
+
+ subshell_argc = larray;
+ subshell_argv = args;
+ subshell_envp = env;
+
+ unbind_args (); /* remove the positional parameters */
+
+ clear_fifo_list (); /* pipe fds are what they are now */
+
+ longjmp (subshell_top_level, 1);
+ /*NOTREACHED*/
+}
+
+static int
+execute_intern_function (name, funcdef)
+ WORD_DESC *name;
+ FUNCTION_DEF *funcdef;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ if (check_identifier (name, posixly_correct) == 0)
+ {
+ if (posixly_correct && interactive_shell == 0)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = EX_BADUSAGE;
+ jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
+ }
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ /* Posix interpretation 383 */
+ if (posixly_correct && find_special_builtin (name->word))
+ {
+ internal_error (_("`%s': is a special builtin"), name->word);
+ last_command_exit_value = EX_BADUSAGE;
+ jump_to_top_level (interactive_shell ? DISCARD : ERREXIT);
+ }
+
+ var = find_function (name->word);
+ if (var && (readonly_p (var) || noassign_p (var)))
+ {
+ if (readonly_p (var))
+ internal_error (_("%s: readonly function"), var->name);
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+#if defined (DEBUGGER)
+ bind_function_def (name->word, funcdef);
+#endif
+
+ bind_function (name->word, funcdef->command);
+ return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+#if defined (INCLUDE_UNUSED)
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
+void
+close_all_files ()
+{
+ register int i, fd_table_size;
+
+ fd_table_size = getdtablesize ();
+ if (fd_table_size > 256) /* clamp to a reasonable value */
+ fd_table_size = 256;
+
+ for (i = 3; i < fd_table_size; i++)
+ close (i);
+}
+#endif /* PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION */
+#endif
+
+static void
+close_pipes (in, out)
+ int in, out;
+{
+ if (in >= 0)
+ close (in);
+ if (out >= 0)
+ close (out);
+}
+
+static void
+dup_error (oldd, newd)
+ int oldd, newd;
+{
+ sys_error (_("cannot duplicate fd %d to fd %d"), oldd, newd);
+}
+
+/* Redirect input and output to be from and to the specified pipes.
+ NO_PIPE and REDIRECT_BOTH are handled correctly. */
+static void
+do_piping (pipe_in, pipe_out)
+ int pipe_in, pipe_out;
+{
+ if (pipe_in != NO_PIPE)
+ {
+ if (dup2 (pipe_in, 0) < 0)
+ dup_error (pipe_in, 0);
+ if (pipe_in > 0)
+ close (pipe_in);
+#ifdef __CYGWIN__
+ /* Let stdio know the fd may have changed from text to binary mode. */
+ freopen (NULL, "r", stdin);
+#endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
+ }
+ if (pipe_out != NO_PIPE)
+ {
+ if (pipe_out != REDIRECT_BOTH)
+ {
+ if (dup2 (pipe_out, 1) < 0)
+ dup_error (pipe_out, 1);
+ if (pipe_out == 0 || pipe_out > 1)
+ close (pipe_out);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (dup2 (1, 2) < 0)
+ dup_error (1, 2);
+ }
+#ifdef __CYGWIN__
+ /* Let stdio know the fd may have changed from text to binary mode, and
+ make sure to preserve stdout line buffering. */
+ freopen (NULL, "w", stdout);
+ sh_setlinebuf (stdout);
+#endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
+ }
+}
extern int check_hashed_filenames;
extern int source_uses_path;
extern int source_searches_cwd;
+extern int posixly_correct;
static char *bash_special_tilde_expansions __P((char *));
static int unquoted_tilde_word __P((const char *));
return (1);
}
+int
+legal_function_name (string)
+ char *string;
+{
+ if (absolute_program (string)) /* don't allow slash */
+ return 0;
+ return (posixly_correct ? legal_identifier (string) : 1);
+}
+
/* Return 1 if STRING comprises a valid alias name. The shell accepts
essentially all characters except those which must be quoted to the
parser (which disqualifies them from alias expansion anyway) and `/'. */
--- /dev/null
+/* general.c -- Stuff that is used by all files. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1987-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ (at your option) any later version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+#include "bashtypes.h"
+#if defined (HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H)
+# include <sys/param.h>
+#endif
+#include "posixstat.h"
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "filecntl.h"
+#include "bashansi.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "chartypes.h"
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include "bashintl.h"
+
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "test.h"
+#include "trap.h"
+
+#include <tilde/tilde.h>
+
+#if !defined (errno)
+extern int errno;
+#endif /* !errno */
+
+extern int expand_aliases;
+extern int interactive_comments;
+extern int check_hashed_filenames;
+extern int source_uses_path;
+extern int source_searches_cwd;
+
+static char *bash_special_tilde_expansions __P((char *));
+static int unquoted_tilde_word __P((const char *));
+static void initialize_group_array __P((void));
+
+/* A standard error message to use when getcwd() returns NULL. */
+const char * const bash_getcwd_errstr = N_("getcwd: cannot access parent directories");
+
+/* Do whatever is necessary to initialize `Posix mode'. */
+void
+posix_initialize (on)
+ int on;
+{
+ /* Things that should be turned on when posix mode is enabled. */
+ if (on != 0)
+ {
+ interactive_comments = source_uses_path = expand_aliases = 1;
+ source_searches_cwd = 0;
+ }
+
+ /* Things that should be turned on when posix mode is disabled. */
+ if (on == 0)
+ {
+ source_searches_cwd = 1;
+ expand_aliases = interactive_shell;
+ }
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Functions to convert to and from and display non-standard types */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+#if defined (RLIMTYPE)
+RLIMTYPE
+string_to_rlimtype (s)
+ char *s;
+{
+ RLIMTYPE ret;
+ int neg;
+
+ ret = 0;
+ neg = 0;
+ while (s && *s && whitespace (*s))
+ s++;
+ if (s && (*s == '-' || *s == '+'))
+ {
+ neg = *s == '-';
+ s++;
+ }
+ for ( ; s && *s && DIGIT (*s); s++)
+ ret = (ret * 10) + TODIGIT (*s);
+ return (neg ? -ret : ret);
+}
+
+void
+print_rlimtype (n, addnl)
+ RLIMTYPE n;
+ int addnl;
+{
+ char s[INT_STRLEN_BOUND (RLIMTYPE) + 1], *p;
+
+ p = s + sizeof(s);
+ *--p = '\0';
+
+ if (n < 0)
+ {
+ do
+ *--p = '0' - n % 10;
+ while ((n /= 10) != 0);
+
+ *--p = '-';
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ do
+ *--p = '0' + n % 10;
+ while ((n /= 10) != 0);
+ }
+
+ printf ("%s%s", p, addnl ? "\n" : "");
+}
+#endif /* RLIMTYPE */
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Input Validation Functions */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* Return non-zero if all of the characters in STRING are digits. */
+int
+all_digits (string)
+ char *string;
+{
+ register char *s;
+
+ for (s = string; *s; s++)
+ if (DIGIT (*s) == 0)
+ return (0);
+
+ return (1);
+}
+
+/* Return non-zero if the characters pointed to by STRING constitute a
+ valid number. Stuff the converted number into RESULT if RESULT is
+ not null. */
+int
+legal_number (string, result)
+ const char *string;
+ intmax_t *result;
+{
+ intmax_t value;
+ char *ep;
+
+ if (result)
+ *result = 0;
+
+ if (string == 0)
+ return 0;
+
+ errno = 0;
+ value = strtoimax (string, &ep, 10);
+ if (errno || ep == string)
+ return 0; /* errno is set on overflow or underflow */
+
+ /* Skip any trailing whitespace, since strtoimax does not. */
+ while (whitespace (*ep))
+ ep++;
+
+ /* If *string is not '\0' but *ep is '\0' on return, the entire string
+ is valid. */
+ if (*string && *ep == '\0')
+ {
+ if (result)
+ *result = value;
+ /* The SunOS4 implementation of strtol() will happily ignore
+ overflow conditions, so this cannot do overflow correctly
+ on those systems. */
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ return (0);
+}
+
+/* Return 1 if this token is a legal shell `identifier'; that is, it consists
+ solely of letters, digits, and underscores, and does not begin with a
+ digit. */
+int
+legal_identifier (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ register char *s;
+ unsigned char c;
+
+ if (!name || !(c = *name) || (legal_variable_starter (c) == 0))
+ return (0);
+
+ for (s = name + 1; (c = *s) != 0; s++)
+ {
+ if (legal_variable_char (c) == 0)
+ return (0);
+ }
+ return (1);
+}
+
+/* Make sure that WORD is a valid shell identifier, i.e.
+ does not contain a dollar sign, nor is quoted in any way. Nor
+ does it consist of all digits. If CHECK_WORD is non-zero,
+ the word is checked to ensure that it consists of only letters,
+ digits, and underscores. */
+int
+check_identifier (word, check_word)
+ WORD_DESC *word;
+ int check_word;
+{
+ if ((word->flags & (W_HASDOLLAR|W_QUOTED)) || all_digits (word->word))
+ {
+ internal_error (_("`%s': not a valid identifier"), word->word);
+ return (0);
+ }
+ else if (check_word && legal_identifier (word->word) == 0)
+ {
+ internal_error (_("`%s': not a valid identifier"), word->word);
+ return (0);
+ }
+ else
+ return (1);
+}
+
+int
+legal_function_name (string)
+ char *string;
+{
+ if (absolute_program (string)) /* don't allow slash */
+ return 0;
+ return (posixly_correct ? legal_identifier (string) : 1);
+}
+
+/* Return 1 if STRING comprises a valid alias name. The shell accepts
+ essentially all characters except those which must be quoted to the
+ parser (which disqualifies them from alias expansion anyway) and `/'. */
+int
+legal_alias_name (string, flags)
+ char *string;
+ int flags;
+{
+ register char *s;
+
+ for (s = string; *s; s++)
+ if (shellbreak (*s) || shellxquote (*s) || shellexp (*s) || (*s == '/'))
+ return 0;
+ return 1;
+}
+
+/* Returns non-zero if STRING is an assignment statement. The returned value
+ is the index of the `=' sign. */
+int
+assignment (string, flags)
+ const char *string;
+ int flags;
+{
+ register unsigned char c;
+ register int newi, indx;
+
+ c = string[indx = 0];
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ if ((legal_variable_starter (c) == 0) && (flags == 0 || c != '[')) /* ] */
+#else
+ if (legal_variable_starter (c) == 0)
+#endif
+ return (0);
+
+ while (c = string[indx])
+ {
+ /* The following is safe. Note that '=' at the start of a word
+ is not an assignment statement. */
+ if (c == '=')
+ return (indx);
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ if (c == '[')
+ {
+ newi = skipsubscript (string, indx, 0);
+ if (string[newi++] != ']')
+ return (0);
+ if (string[newi] == '+' && string[newi+1] == '=')
+ return (newi + 1);
+ return ((string[newi] == '=') ? newi : 0);
+ }
+#endif /* ARRAY_VARS */
+
+ /* Check for `+=' */
+ if (c == '+' && string[indx+1] == '=')
+ return (indx + 1);
+
+ /* Variable names in assignment statements may contain only letters,
+ digits, and `_'. */
+ if (legal_variable_char (c) == 0)
+ return (0);
+
+ indx++;
+ }
+ return (0);
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Functions to manage files and file descriptors */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* A function to unset no-delay mode on a file descriptor. Used in shell.c
+ to unset it on the fd passed as stdin. Should be called on stdin if
+ readline gets an EAGAIN or EWOULDBLOCK when trying to read input. */
+
+#if !defined (O_NDELAY)
+# if defined (FNDELAY)
+# define O_NDELAY FNDELAY
+# endif
+#endif /* O_NDELAY */
+
+/* Make sure no-delay mode is not set on file descriptor FD. */
+int
+sh_unset_nodelay_mode (fd)
+ int fd;
+{
+ int flags, bflags;
+
+ if ((flags = fcntl (fd, F_GETFL, 0)) < 0)
+ return -1;
+
+ bflags = 0;
+
+ /* This is defined to O_NDELAY in filecntl.h if O_NONBLOCK is not present
+ and O_NDELAY is defined. */
+#ifdef O_NONBLOCK
+ bflags |= O_NONBLOCK;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef O_NDELAY
+ bflags |= O_NDELAY;
+#endif
+
+ if (flags & bflags)
+ {
+ flags &= ~bflags;
+ return (fcntl (fd, F_SETFL, flags));
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Return 1 if file descriptor FD is valid; 0 otherwise. */
+int
+sh_validfd (fd)
+ int fd;
+{
+ return (fcntl (fd, F_GETFD, 0) >= 0);
+}
+
+int
+fd_ispipe (fd)
+ int fd;
+{
+ errno = 0;
+ if (lseek ((fd), 0L, SEEK_CUR) < 0)
+ return (errno == ESPIPE);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* There is a bug in the NeXT 2.1 rlogind that causes opens
+ of /dev/tty to fail. */
+
+#if defined (__BEOS__)
+/* On BeOS, opening in non-blocking mode exposes a bug in BeOS, so turn it
+ into a no-op. This should probably go away in the future. */
+# undef O_NONBLOCK
+# define O_NONBLOCK 0
+#endif /* __BEOS__ */
+
+void
+check_dev_tty ()
+{
+ int tty_fd;
+ char *tty;
+
+ tty_fd = open ("/dev/tty", O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK);
+
+ if (tty_fd < 0)
+ {
+ tty = (char *)ttyname (fileno (stdin));
+ if (tty == 0)
+ return;
+ tty_fd = open (tty, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK);
+ }
+ if (tty_fd >= 0)
+ close (tty_fd);
+}
+
+/* Return 1 if PATH1 and PATH2 are the same file. This is kind of
+ expensive. If non-NULL STP1 and STP2 point to stat structures
+ corresponding to PATH1 and PATH2, respectively. */
+int
+same_file (path1, path2, stp1, stp2)
+ char *path1, *path2;
+ struct stat *stp1, *stp2;
+{
+ struct stat st1, st2;
+
+ if (stp1 == NULL)
+ {
+ if (stat (path1, &st1) != 0)
+ return (0);
+ stp1 = &st1;
+ }
+
+ if (stp2 == NULL)
+ {
+ if (stat (path2, &st2) != 0)
+ return (0);
+ stp2 = &st2;
+ }
+
+ return ((stp1->st_dev == stp2->st_dev) && (stp1->st_ino == stp2->st_ino));
+}
+
+/* Move FD to a number close to the maximum number of file descriptors
+ allowed in the shell process, to avoid the user stepping on it with
+ redirection and causing us extra work. If CHECK_NEW is non-zero,
+ we check whether or not the file descriptors are in use before
+ duplicating FD onto them. MAXFD says where to start checking the
+ file descriptors. If it's less than 20, we get the maximum value
+ available from getdtablesize(2). */
+int
+move_to_high_fd (fd, check_new, maxfd)
+ int fd, check_new, maxfd;
+{
+ int script_fd, nfds, ignore;
+
+ if (maxfd < 20)
+ {
+ nfds = getdtablesize ();
+ if (nfds <= 0)
+ nfds = 20;
+ if (nfds > HIGH_FD_MAX)
+ nfds = HIGH_FD_MAX; /* reasonable maximum */
+ }
+ else
+ nfds = maxfd;
+
+ for (nfds--; check_new && nfds > 3; nfds--)
+ if (fcntl (nfds, F_GETFD, &ignore) == -1)
+ break;
+
+ if (nfds > 3 && fd != nfds && (script_fd = dup2 (fd, nfds)) != -1)
+ {
+ if (check_new == 0 || fd != fileno (stderr)) /* don't close stderr */
+ close (fd);
+ return (script_fd);
+ }
+
+ /* OK, we didn't find one less than our artificial maximum; return the
+ original file descriptor. */
+ return (fd);
+}
+
+/* Return non-zero if the characters from SAMPLE are not all valid
+ characters to be found in the first line of a shell script. We
+ check up to the first newline, or SAMPLE_LEN, whichever comes first.
+ All of the characters must be printable or whitespace. */
+
+int
+check_binary_file (sample, sample_len)
+ char *sample;
+ int sample_len;
+{
+ register int i;
+ unsigned char c;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < sample_len; i++)
+ {
+ c = sample[i];
+ if (c == '\n')
+ return (0);
+ if (c == '\0')
+ return (1);
+ }
+
+ return (0);
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Functions to manipulate pipes */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+int
+sh_openpipe (pv)
+ int *pv;
+{
+ int r;
+
+ if ((r = pipe (pv)) < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ pv[0] = move_to_high_fd (pv[0], 1, 64);
+ pv[1] = move_to_high_fd (pv[1], 1, 64);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int
+sh_closepipe (pv)
+ int *pv;
+{
+ if (pv[0] >= 0)
+ close (pv[0]);
+
+ if (pv[1] >= 0)
+ close (pv[1]);
+
+ pv[0] = pv[1] = -1;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Functions to inspect pathnames */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+int
+file_exists (fn)
+ char *fn;
+{
+ struct stat sb;
+
+ return (stat (fn, &sb) == 0);
+}
+
+int
+file_isdir (fn)
+ char *fn;
+{
+ struct stat sb;
+
+ return ((stat (fn, &sb) == 0) && S_ISDIR (sb.st_mode));
+}
+
+int
+file_iswdir (fn)
+ char *fn;
+{
+ return (file_isdir (fn) && sh_eaccess (fn, W_OK) == 0);
+}
+
+/* Return 1 if STRING is "." or "..", optionally followed by a directory
+ separator */
+int
+path_dot_or_dotdot (string)
+ const char *string;
+{
+ if (string == 0 || *string == '\0' || *string != '.')
+ return (0);
+
+ /* string[0] == '.' */
+ if (PATHSEP(string[1]) || (string[1] == '.' && PATHSEP(string[2])))
+ return (1);
+
+ return (0);
+}
+
+/* Return 1 if STRING contains an absolute pathname, else 0. Used by `cd'
+ to decide whether or not to look up a directory name in $CDPATH. */
+int
+absolute_pathname (string)
+ const char *string;
+{
+ if (string == 0 || *string == '\0')
+ return (0);
+
+ if (ABSPATH(string))
+ return (1);
+
+ if (string[0] == '.' && PATHSEP(string[1])) /* . and ./ */
+ return (1);
+
+ if (string[0] == '.' && string[1] == '.' && PATHSEP(string[2])) /* .. and ../ */
+ return (1);
+
+ return (0);
+}
+
+/* Return 1 if STRING is an absolute program name; it is absolute if it
+ contains any slashes. This is used to decide whether or not to look
+ up through $PATH. */
+int
+absolute_program (string)
+ const char *string;
+{
+ return ((char *)mbschr (string, '/') != (char *)NULL);
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Functions to manipulate pathnames */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* Turn STRING (a pathname) into an absolute pathname, assuming that
+ DOT_PATH contains the symbolic location of `.'. This always
+ returns a new string, even if STRING was an absolute pathname to
+ begin with. */
+char *
+make_absolute (string, dot_path)
+ char *string, *dot_path;
+{
+ char *result;
+
+ if (dot_path == 0 || ABSPATH(string))
+#ifdef __CYGWIN__
+ {
+ char pathbuf[PATH_MAX + 1];
+
+ cygwin_conv_to_full_posix_path (string, pathbuf);
+ result = savestring (pathbuf);
+ }
+#else
+ result = savestring (string);
+#endif
+ else
+ result = sh_makepath (dot_path, string, 0);
+
+ return (result);
+}
+
+/* Return the `basename' of the pathname in STRING (the stuff after the
+ last '/'). If STRING is `/', just return it. */
+char *
+base_pathname (string)
+ char *string;
+{
+ char *p;
+
+#if 0
+ if (absolute_pathname (string) == 0)
+ return (string);
+#endif
+
+ if (string[0] == '/' && string[1] == 0)
+ return (string);
+
+ p = (char *)strrchr (string, '/');
+ return (p ? ++p : string);
+}
+
+/* Return the full pathname of FILE. Easy. Filenames that begin
+ with a '/' are returned as themselves. Other filenames have
+ the current working directory prepended. A new string is
+ returned in either case. */
+char *
+full_pathname (file)
+ char *file;
+{
+ char *ret;
+
+ file = (*file == '~') ? bash_tilde_expand (file, 0) : savestring (file);
+
+ if (ABSPATH(file))
+ return (file);
+
+ ret = sh_makepath ((char *)NULL, file, (MP_DOCWD|MP_RMDOT));
+ free (file);
+
+ return (ret);
+}
+
+/* A slightly related function. Get the prettiest name of this
+ directory possible. */
+static char tdir[PATH_MAX];
+
+/* Return a pretty pathname. If the first part of the pathname is
+ the same as $HOME, then replace that with `~'. */
+char *
+polite_directory_format (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ char *home;
+ int l;
+
+ home = get_string_value ("HOME");
+ l = home ? strlen (home) : 0;
+ if (l > 1 && strncmp (home, name, l) == 0 && (!name[l] || name[l] == '/'))
+ {
+ strncpy (tdir + 1, name + l, sizeof(tdir) - 2);
+ tdir[0] = '~';
+ tdir[sizeof(tdir) - 1] = '\0';
+ return (tdir);
+ }
+ else
+ return (name);
+}
+
+/* Trim NAME. If NAME begins with `~/', skip over tilde prefix. Trim to
+ keep any tilde prefix and PROMPT_DIRTRIM trailing directory components
+ and replace the intervening characters with `...' */
+char *
+trim_pathname (name, maxlen)
+ char *name;
+ int maxlen;
+{
+ int nlen, ndirs;
+ intmax_t nskip;
+ char *nbeg, *nend, *ntail, *v;
+
+ if (name == 0 || (nlen = strlen (name)) == 0)
+ return name;
+ nend = name + nlen;
+
+ v = get_string_value ("PROMPT_DIRTRIM");
+ if (v == 0 || *v == 0)
+ return name;
+ if (legal_number (v, &nskip) == 0 || nskip <= 0)
+ return name;
+
+ /* Skip over tilde prefix */
+ nbeg = name;
+ if (name[0] == '~')
+ for (nbeg = name; *nbeg; nbeg++)
+ if (*nbeg == '/')
+ {
+ nbeg++;
+ break;
+ }
+ if (*nbeg == 0)
+ return name;
+
+ for (ndirs = 0, ntail = nbeg; *ntail; ntail++)
+ if (*ntail == '/')
+ ndirs++;
+ if (ndirs < nskip)
+ return name;
+
+ for (ntail = (*nend == '/') ? nend : nend - 1; ntail > nbeg; ntail--)
+ {
+ if (*ntail == '/')
+ nskip--;
+ if (nskip == 0)
+ break;
+ }
+ if (ntail == nbeg)
+ return name;
+
+ /* Now we want to return name[0..nbeg]+"..."+ntail, modifying name in place */
+ nlen = ntail - nbeg;
+ if (nlen <= 3)
+ return name;
+
+ *nbeg++ = '.';
+ *nbeg++ = '.';
+ *nbeg++ = '.';
+
+ nlen = nend - ntail;
+ memmove (nbeg, ntail, nlen);
+ nbeg[nlen] = '\0';
+
+ return name;
+}
+
+/* Return a printable representation of FN without special characters. The
+ caller is responsible for freeing memory if this returns something other
+ than its argument. If FLAGS is non-zero, we are printing for portable
+ re-input and should single-quote filenames appropriately. */
+char *
+printable_filename (fn, flags)
+ char *fn;
+ int flags;
+{
+ char *newf;
+
+ if (ansic_shouldquote (fn))
+ newf = ansic_quote (fn, 0, NULL);
+ else if (flags && sh_contains_shell_metas (fn))
+ newf = sh_single_quote (fn);
+ else
+ newf = fn;
+
+ return newf;
+}
+
+/* Given a string containing units of information separated by colons,
+ return the next one pointed to by (P_INDEX), or NULL if there are no more.
+ Advance (P_INDEX) to the character after the colon. */
+char *
+extract_colon_unit (string, p_index)
+ char *string;
+ int *p_index;
+{
+ int i, start, len;
+ char *value;
+
+ if (string == 0)
+ return (string);
+
+ len = strlen (string);
+ if (*p_index >= len)
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+
+ i = *p_index;
+
+ /* Each call to this routine leaves the index pointing at a colon if
+ there is more to the path. If I is > 0, then increment past the
+ `:'. If I is 0, then the path has a leading colon. Trailing colons
+ are handled OK by the `else' part of the if statement; an empty
+ string is returned in that case. */
+ if (i && string[i] == ':')
+ i++;
+
+ for (start = i; string[i] && string[i] != ':'; i++)
+ ;
+
+ *p_index = i;
+
+ if (i == start)
+ {
+ if (string[i])
+ (*p_index)++;
+ /* Return "" in the case of a trailing `:'. */
+ value = (char *)xmalloc (1);
+ value[0] = '\0';
+ }
+ else
+ value = substring (string, start, i);
+
+ return (value);
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Tilde Initialization and Expansion */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+#if defined (PUSHD_AND_POPD)
+extern char *get_dirstack_from_string __P((char *));
+#endif
+
+static char **bash_tilde_prefixes;
+static char **bash_tilde_prefixes2;
+static char **bash_tilde_suffixes;
+static char **bash_tilde_suffixes2;
+
+/* If tilde_expand hasn't been able to expand the text, perhaps it
+ is a special shell expansion. This function is installed as the
+ tilde_expansion_preexpansion_hook. It knows how to expand ~- and ~+.
+ If PUSHD_AND_POPD is defined, ~[+-]N expands to directories from the
+ directory stack. */
+static char *
+bash_special_tilde_expansions (text)
+ char *text;
+{
+ char *result;
+
+ result = (char *)NULL;
+
+ if (text[0] == '+' && text[1] == '\0')
+ result = get_string_value ("PWD");
+ else if (text[0] == '-' && text[1] == '\0')
+ result = get_string_value ("OLDPWD");
+#if defined (PUSHD_AND_POPD)
+ else if (DIGIT (*text) || ((*text == '+' || *text == '-') && DIGIT (text[1])))
+ result = get_dirstack_from_string (text);
+#endif
+
+ return (result ? savestring (result) : (char *)NULL);
+}
+
+/* Initialize the tilde expander. In Bash, we handle `~-' and `~+', as
+ well as handling special tilde prefixes; `:~" and `=~' are indications
+ that we should do tilde expansion. */
+void
+tilde_initialize ()
+{
+ static int times_called = 0;
+
+ /* Tell the tilde expander that we want a crack first. */
+ tilde_expansion_preexpansion_hook = bash_special_tilde_expansions;
+
+ /* Tell the tilde expander about special strings which start a tilde
+ expansion, and the special strings that end one. Only do this once.
+ tilde_initialize () is called from within bashline_reinitialize (). */
+ if (times_called++ == 0)
+ {
+ bash_tilde_prefixes = strvec_create (3);
+ bash_tilde_prefixes[0] = "=~";
+ bash_tilde_prefixes[1] = ":~";
+ bash_tilde_prefixes[2] = (char *)NULL;
+
+ bash_tilde_prefixes2 = strvec_create (2);
+ bash_tilde_prefixes2[0] = ":~";
+ bash_tilde_prefixes2[1] = (char *)NULL;
+
+ tilde_additional_prefixes = bash_tilde_prefixes;
+
+ bash_tilde_suffixes = strvec_create (3);
+ bash_tilde_suffixes[0] = ":";
+ bash_tilde_suffixes[1] = "=~"; /* XXX - ?? */
+ bash_tilde_suffixes[2] = (char *)NULL;
+
+ tilde_additional_suffixes = bash_tilde_suffixes;
+
+ bash_tilde_suffixes2 = strvec_create (2);
+ bash_tilde_suffixes2[0] = ":";
+ bash_tilde_suffixes2[1] = (char *)NULL;
+ }
+}
+
+/* POSIX.2, 3.6.1: A tilde-prefix consists of an unquoted tilde character
+ at the beginning of the word, followed by all of the characters preceding
+ the first unquoted slash in the word, or all the characters in the word
+ if there is no slash...If none of the characters in the tilde-prefix are
+ quoted, the characters in the tilde-prefix following the tilde shell be
+ treated as a possible login name. */
+
+#define TILDE_END(c) ((c) == '\0' || (c) == '/' || (c) == ':')
+
+static int
+unquoted_tilde_word (s)
+ const char *s;
+{
+ const char *r;
+
+ for (r = s; TILDE_END(*r) == 0; r++)
+ {
+ switch (*r)
+ {
+ case '\\':
+ case '\'':
+ case '"':
+ return 0;
+ }
+ }
+ return 1;
+}
+
+/* Find the end of the tilde-prefix starting at S, and return the tilde
+ prefix in newly-allocated memory. Return the length of the string in
+ *LENP. FLAGS tells whether or not we're in an assignment context --
+ if so, `:' delimits the end of the tilde prefix as well. */
+char *
+bash_tilde_find_word (s, flags, lenp)
+ const char *s;
+ int flags, *lenp;
+{
+ const char *r;
+ char *ret;
+ int l;
+
+ for (r = s; *r && *r != '/'; r++)
+ {
+ /* Short-circuit immediately if we see a quote character. Even though
+ POSIX says that `the first unquoted slash' (or `:') terminates the
+ tilde-prefix, in practice, any quoted portion of the tilde prefix
+ will cause it to not be expanded. */
+ if (*r == '\\' || *r == '\'' || *r == '"')
+ {
+ ret = savestring (s);
+ if (lenp)
+ *lenp = 0;
+ return ret;
+ }
+ else if (flags && *r == ':')
+ break;
+ }
+ l = r - s;
+ ret = xmalloc (l + 1);
+ strncpy (ret, s, l);
+ ret[l] = '\0';
+ if (lenp)
+ *lenp = l;
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* Tilde-expand S by running it through the tilde expansion library.
+ ASSIGN_P is 1 if this is a variable assignment, so the alternate
+ tilde prefixes should be enabled (`=~' and `:~', see above). If
+ ASSIGN_P is 2, we are expanding the rhs of an assignment statement,
+ so `=~' is not valid. */
+char *
+bash_tilde_expand (s, assign_p)
+ const char *s;
+ int assign_p;
+{
+ int old_immed, old_term, r;
+ char *ret;
+
+ old_immed = interrupt_immediately;
+ old_term = terminate_immediately;
+ /* We want to be able to interrupt tilde expansion. Ordinarily, we can just
+ jump to top_level, but we don't want to run any trap commands in a signal
+ handler context. We might be able to get away with just checking for
+ things like SIGINT and SIGQUIT. */
+ if (any_signals_trapped () < 0)
+ interrupt_immediately = 1;
+ terminate_immediately = 1;
+
+ tilde_additional_prefixes = assign_p == 0 ? (char **)0
+ : (assign_p == 2 ? bash_tilde_prefixes2 : bash_tilde_prefixes);
+ if (assign_p == 2)
+ tilde_additional_suffixes = bash_tilde_suffixes2;
+
+ r = (*s == '~') ? unquoted_tilde_word (s) : 1;
+ ret = r ? tilde_expand (s) : savestring (s);
+
+ interrupt_immediately = old_immed;
+ terminate_immediately = old_term;
+
+ QUIT;
+
+ return (ret);
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Functions to manipulate and search the group list */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+static int ngroups, maxgroups;
+
+/* The set of groups that this user is a member of. */
+static GETGROUPS_T *group_array = (GETGROUPS_T *)NULL;
+
+#if !defined (NOGROUP)
+# define NOGROUP (gid_t) -1
+#endif
+
+static void
+initialize_group_array ()
+{
+ register int i;
+
+ if (maxgroups == 0)
+ maxgroups = getmaxgroups ();
+
+ ngroups = 0;
+ group_array = (GETGROUPS_T *)xrealloc (group_array, maxgroups * sizeof (GETGROUPS_T));
+
+#if defined (HAVE_GETGROUPS)
+ ngroups = getgroups (maxgroups, group_array);
+#endif
+
+ /* If getgroups returns nothing, or the OS does not support getgroups(),
+ make sure the groups array includes at least the current gid. */
+ if (ngroups == 0)
+ {
+ group_array[0] = current_user.gid;
+ ngroups = 1;
+ }
+
+ /* If the primary group is not in the groups array, add it as group_array[0]
+ and shuffle everything else up 1, if there's room. */
+ for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++)
+ if (current_user.gid == (gid_t)group_array[i])
+ break;
+ if (i == ngroups && ngroups < maxgroups)
+ {
+ for (i = ngroups; i > 0; i--)
+ group_array[i] = group_array[i - 1];
+ group_array[0] = current_user.gid;
+ ngroups++;
+ }
+
+ /* If the primary group is not group_array[0], swap group_array[0] and
+ whatever the current group is. The vast majority of systems should
+ not need this; a notable exception is Linux. */
+ if (group_array[0] != current_user.gid)
+ {
+ for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++)
+ if (group_array[i] == current_user.gid)
+ break;
+ if (i < ngroups)
+ {
+ group_array[i] = group_array[0];
+ group_array[0] = current_user.gid;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/* Return non-zero if GID is one that we have in our groups list. */
+int
+#if defined (__STDC__) || defined ( _MINIX)
+group_member (gid_t gid)
+#else
+group_member (gid)
+ gid_t gid;
+#endif /* !__STDC__ && !_MINIX */
+{
+#if defined (HAVE_GETGROUPS)
+ register int i;
+#endif
+
+ /* Short-circuit if possible, maybe saving a call to getgroups(). */
+ if (gid == current_user.gid || gid == current_user.egid)
+ return (1);
+
+#if defined (HAVE_GETGROUPS)
+ if (ngroups == 0)
+ initialize_group_array ();
+
+ /* In case of error, the user loses. */
+ if (ngroups <= 0)
+ return (0);
+
+ /* Search through the list looking for GID. */
+ for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++)
+ if (gid == (gid_t)group_array[i])
+ return (1);
+#endif
+
+ return (0);
+}
+
+char **
+get_group_list (ngp)
+ int *ngp;
+{
+ static char **group_vector = (char **)NULL;
+ register int i;
+
+ if (group_vector)
+ {
+ if (ngp)
+ *ngp = ngroups;
+ return group_vector;
+ }
+
+ if (ngroups == 0)
+ initialize_group_array ();
+
+ if (ngroups <= 0)
+ {
+ if (ngp)
+ *ngp = 0;
+ return (char **)NULL;
+ }
+
+ group_vector = strvec_create (ngroups);
+ for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++)
+ group_vector[i] = itos (group_array[i]);
+
+ if (ngp)
+ *ngp = ngroups;
+ return group_vector;
+}
+
+int *
+get_group_array (ngp)
+ int *ngp;
+{
+ int i;
+ static int *group_iarray = (int *)NULL;
+
+ if (group_iarray)
+ {
+ if (ngp)
+ *ngp = ngroups;
+ return (group_iarray);
+ }
+
+ if (ngroups == 0)
+ initialize_group_array ();
+
+ if (ngroups <= 0)
+ {
+ if (ngp)
+ *ngp = 0;
+ return (int *)NULL;
+ }
+
+ group_iarray = (int *)xmalloc (ngroups * sizeof (int));
+ for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++)
+ group_iarray[i] = (int)group_array[i];
+
+ if (ngp)
+ *ngp = ngroups;
+ return group_iarray;
+}
extern int all_digits __P((char *));
extern int legal_number __P((const char *, intmax_t *));
extern int legal_identifier __P((char *));
+extern int legal_function_name __P((char *));
extern int check_identifier __P((WORD_DESC *, int));
extern int legal_alias_name __P((char *, int));
extern int assignment __P((const char *, int));
--- /dev/null
+/* general.h -- defines that everybody likes to use. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1993-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ (at your option) any later version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#if !defined (_GENERAL_H_)
+#define _GENERAL_H_
+
+#include "stdc.h"
+
+#include "bashtypes.h"
+#include "chartypes.h"
+
+#if defined (HAVE_SYS_RESOURCE_H) && defined (RLIMTYPE)
+# if defined (HAVE_SYS_TIME_H)
+# include <sys/time.h>
+# endif
+# include <sys/resource.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HAVE_STRING_H)
+# include <string.h>
+#else
+# include <strings.h>
+#endif /* !HAVE_STRING_H */
+
+#if defined (HAVE_LIMITS_H)
+# include <limits.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "xmalloc.h"
+
+/* NULL pointer type. */
+#if !defined (NULL)
+# if defined (__STDC__)
+# define NULL ((void *) 0)
+# else
+# define NULL 0x0
+# endif /* !__STDC__ */
+#endif /* !NULL */
+
+/* Hardly used anymore */
+#define pointer_to_int(x) (int)((char *)x - (char *)0)
+
+#if defined (alpha) && defined (__GNUC__) && !defined (strchr) && !defined (__STDC__)
+extern char *strchr (), *strrchr ();
+#endif
+
+#if !defined (strcpy) && (defined (HAVE_DECL_STRCPY) && !HAVE_DECL_STRCPY)
+extern char *strcpy __P((char *, const char *));
+#endif
+
+#if !defined (savestring)
+# define savestring(x) (char *)strcpy (xmalloc (1 + strlen (x)), (x))
+#endif
+
+#ifndef member
+# define member(c, s) ((c) ? ((char *)mbschr ((s), (c)) != (char *)NULL) : 0)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef whitespace
+#define whitespace(c) (((c) == ' ') || ((c) == '\t'))
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CHAR_MAX
+# ifdef __CHAR_UNSIGNED__
+# define CHAR_MAX 0xff
+# else
+# define CHAR_MAX 0x7f
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CHAR_BIT
+# define CHAR_BIT 8
+#endif
+
+/* Nonzero if the integer type T is signed. */
+#define TYPE_SIGNED(t) (! ((t) 0 < (t) -1))
+
+/* Bound on length of the string representing an integer value of type T.
+ Subtract one for the sign bit if T is signed;
+ 302 / 1000 is log10 (2) rounded up;
+ add one for integer division truncation;
+ add one more for a minus sign if t is signed. */
+#define INT_STRLEN_BOUND(t) \
+ ((sizeof (t) * CHAR_BIT - TYPE_SIGNED (t)) * 302 / 1000 \
+ + 1 + TYPE_SIGNED (t))
+
+
+/* Define exactly what a legal shell identifier consists of. */
+#define legal_variable_starter(c) (ISALPHA(c) || (c == '_'))
+#define legal_variable_char(c) (ISALNUM(c) || c == '_')
+
+/* Definitions used in subst.c and by the `read' builtin for field
+ splitting. */
+#define spctabnl(c) ((c) == ' ' || (c) == '\t' || (c) == '\n')
+
+/* All structs which contain a `next' field should have that field
+ as the first field in the struct. This means that functions
+ can be written to handle the general case for linked lists. */
+typedef struct g_list {
+ struct g_list *next;
+} GENERIC_LIST;
+
+/* Here is a generic structure for associating character strings
+ with integers. It is used in the parser for shell tokenization. */
+typedef struct {
+ char *word;
+ int token;
+} STRING_INT_ALIST;
+
+/* A macro to avoid making an unneccessary function call. */
+#define REVERSE_LIST(list, type) \
+ ((list && list->next) ? (type)list_reverse ((GENERIC_LIST *)list) \
+ : (type)(list))
+
+#if __GNUC__ > 1
+# define FASTCOPY(s, d, n) __builtin_memcpy ((d), (s), (n))
+#else /* !__GNUC__ */
+# if !defined (HAVE_BCOPY)
+# if !defined (HAVE_MEMMOVE)
+# define FASTCOPY(s, d, n) memcpy ((d), (s), (n))
+# else
+# define FASTCOPY(s, d, n) memmove ((d), (s), (n))
+# endif /* !HAVE_MEMMOVE */
+# else /* HAVE_BCOPY */
+# define FASTCOPY(s, d, n) bcopy ((s), (d), (n))
+# endif /* HAVE_BCOPY */
+#endif /* !__GNUC__ */
+
+/* String comparisons that possibly save a function call each. */
+#define STREQ(a, b) ((a)[0] == (b)[0] && strcmp(a, b) == 0)
+#define STREQN(a, b, n) ((n == 0) ? (1) \
+ : ((a)[0] == (b)[0] && strncmp(a, b, n) == 0))
+
+/* More convenience definitions that possibly save system or libc calls. */
+#define STRLEN(s) (((s) && (s)[0]) ? ((s)[1] ? ((s)[2] ? strlen(s) : 2) : 1) : 0)
+#define FREE(s) do { if (s) free (s); } while (0)
+#define MEMBER(c, s) (((c) && c == (s)[0] && !(s)[1]) || (member(c, s)))
+
+/* A fairly hairy macro to check whether an allocated string has more room,
+ and to resize it using xrealloc if it does not.
+ STR is the string (char *)
+ CIND is the current index into the string (int)
+ ROOM is the amount of additional room we need in the string (int)
+ CSIZE is the currently-allocated size of STR (int)
+ SINCR is how much to increment CSIZE before calling xrealloc (int) */
+
+#define RESIZE_MALLOCED_BUFFER(str, cind, room, csize, sincr) \
+ do { \
+ if ((cind) + (room) >= csize) \
+ { \
+ while ((cind) + (room) >= csize) \
+ csize += (sincr); \
+ str = xrealloc (str, csize); \
+ } \
+ } while (0)
+
+/* Function pointers can be declared as (Function *)foo. */
+#if !defined (_FUNCTION_DEF)
+# define _FUNCTION_DEF
+typedef int Function ();
+typedef void VFunction ();
+typedef char *CPFunction (); /* no longer used */
+typedef char **CPPFunction (); /* no longer used */
+#endif /* _FUNCTION_DEF */
+
+#ifndef SH_FUNCTION_TYPEDEF
+# define SH_FUNCTION_TYPEDEF
+
+/* Shell function typedefs with prototypes */
+/* `Generic' function pointer typedefs */
+
+typedef int sh_intfunc_t __P((int));
+typedef int sh_ivoidfunc_t __P((void));
+typedef int sh_icpfunc_t __P((char *));
+typedef int sh_icppfunc_t __P((char **));
+typedef int sh_iptrfunc_t __P((PTR_T));
+
+typedef void sh_voidfunc_t __P((void));
+typedef void sh_vintfunc_t __P((int));
+typedef void sh_vcpfunc_t __P((char *));
+typedef void sh_vcppfunc_t __P((char **));
+typedef void sh_vptrfunc_t __P((PTR_T));
+
+typedef int sh_wdesc_func_t __P((WORD_DESC *));
+typedef int sh_wlist_func_t __P((WORD_LIST *));
+
+typedef int sh_glist_func_t __P((GENERIC_LIST *));
+
+typedef char *sh_string_func_t __P((char *)); /* like savestring, et al. */
+
+typedef int sh_msg_func_t __P((const char *, ...)); /* printf(3)-like */
+typedef void sh_vmsg_func_t __P((const char *, ...)); /* printf(3)-like */
+
+/* Specific function pointer typedefs. Most of these could be done
+ with #defines. */
+typedef void sh_sv_func_t __P((char *)); /* sh_vcpfunc_t */
+typedef void sh_free_func_t __P((PTR_T)); /* sh_vptrfunc_t */
+typedef void sh_resetsig_func_t __P((int)); /* sh_vintfunc_t */
+
+typedef int sh_ignore_func_t __P((const char *)); /* sh_icpfunc_t */
+
+typedef int sh_assign_func_t __P((const char *));
+typedef int sh_wassign_func_t __P((WORD_DESC *, int));
+
+typedef int sh_builtin_func_t __P((WORD_LIST *)); /* sh_wlist_func_t */
+
+#endif /* SH_FUNCTION_TYPEDEF */
+
+#define NOW ((time_t) time ((time_t *) 0))
+
+/* Some defines for calling file status functions. */
+#define FS_EXISTS 0x1
+#define FS_EXECABLE 0x2
+#define FS_EXEC_PREFERRED 0x4
+#define FS_EXEC_ONLY 0x8
+#define FS_DIRECTORY 0x10
+#define FS_NODIRS 0x20
+#define FS_READABLE 0x40
+
+/* Default maximum for move_to_high_fd */
+#define HIGH_FD_MAX 256
+
+/* The type of function passed as the fourth argument to qsort(3). */
+#ifdef __STDC__
+typedef int QSFUNC (const void *, const void *);
+#else
+typedef int QSFUNC ();
+#endif
+
+/* Some useful definitions for Unix pathnames. Argument convention:
+ x == string, c == character */
+
+#if !defined (__CYGWIN__)
+# define ABSPATH(x) ((x)[0] == '/')
+# define RELPATH(x) ((x)[0] != '/')
+#else /* __CYGWIN__ */
+# define ABSPATH(x) (((x)[0] && ISALPHA((unsigned char)(x)[0]) && (x)[1] == ':') || ISDIRSEP((x)[0]))
+# define RELPATH(x) (ABSPATH(x) == 0)
+#endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
+
+#define ROOTEDPATH(x) (ABSPATH(x))
+
+#define DIRSEP '/'
+#if !defined (__CYGWIN__)
+# define ISDIRSEP(c) ((c) == '/')
+#else
+# define ISDIRSEP(c) ((c) == '/' || (c) == '\\')
+#endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
+#define PATHSEP(c) (ISDIRSEP(c) || (c) == 0)
+
+#if 0
+/* Declarations for functions defined in xmalloc.c */
+extern PTR_T xmalloc __P((size_t));
+extern PTR_T xrealloc __P((void *, size_t));
+extern void xfree __P((void *));
+#endif
+
+/* Declarations for functions defined in general.c */
+extern void posix_initialize __P((int));
+
+#if defined (RLIMTYPE)
+extern RLIMTYPE string_to_rlimtype __P((char *));
+extern void print_rlimtype __P((RLIMTYPE, int));
+#endif
+
+extern int all_digits __P((char *));
+extern int legal_number __P((const char *, intmax_t *));
+extern int legal_identifier __P((char *));
+extern int check_identifier __P((WORD_DESC *, int));
+extern int legal_alias_name __P((char *, int));
+extern int assignment __P((const char *, int));
+
+extern int sh_unset_nodelay_mode __P((int));
+extern int sh_validfd __P((int));
+extern int fd_ispipe __P((int));
+extern void check_dev_tty __P((void));
+extern int move_to_high_fd __P((int, int, int));
+extern int check_binary_file __P((char *, int));
+
+#ifdef _POSIXSTAT_H_
+extern int same_file __P((char *, char *, struct stat *, struct stat *));
+#endif
+
+extern int sh_openpipe __P((int *));
+extern int sh_closepipe __P((int *));
+
+extern int file_exists __P((char *));
+extern int file_isdir __P((char *));
+extern int file_iswdir __P((char *));
+extern int path_dot_or_dotdot __P((const char *));
+extern int absolute_pathname __P((const char *));
+extern int absolute_program __P((const char *));
+
+extern char *make_absolute __P((char *, char *));
+extern char *base_pathname __P((char *));
+extern char *full_pathname __P((char *));
+extern char *polite_directory_format __P((char *));
+extern char *trim_pathname __P((char *, int));
+extern char *printable_filename __P((char *, int));
+
+extern char *extract_colon_unit __P((char *, int *));
+
+extern void tilde_initialize __P((void));
+extern char *bash_tilde_find_word __P((const char *, int, int *));
+extern char *bash_tilde_expand __P((const char *, int));
+
+extern int group_member __P((gid_t));
+extern char **get_group_list __P((int *));
+extern int *get_group_array __P((int *));
+
+#endif /* _GENERAL_H_ */
#define WLPAREN L'('
#define WRPAREN L')'
+/* Make sure these names continue to agree with what's in smatch.c */
extern char *glob_patscan __P((char *, char *, int));
+extern wchar_t *glob_patscan_wc __P((wchar_t *, wchar_t *, int));
/* Return 1 of the first character of WSTRING could match the first
character of pattern WPAT. Wide character version. */
return matlen;
}
+#if defined (EXTENDED_GLOB)
/* Skip characters in PAT and return the final occurrence of DIRSEP. This
is only called when extended_glob is set, so we have to skip over extglob
patterns x(...) */
}
return d;
}
+#endif /* EXTENDED_GLOB */
--- /dev/null
+/* gmisc.c -- miscellaneous pattern matching utility functions for Bash.
+
+ Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne-Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ (at your option) any later version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include "bashtypes.h"
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "bashansi.h"
+#include "shmbutil.h"
+
+#include "stdc.h"
+
+#ifndef LPAREN
+# define LPAREN '('
+#endif
+#ifndef RPAREN
+# define RPAREN ')'
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HANDLE_MULTIBYTE)
+#define WLPAREN L'('
+#define WRPAREN L')'
+
+/* Make sure these names continue to agree with what's in smatch.c */
+extern char *glob_patscan __P((char *, char *, int));
+extern wchar_t *glob_patscan_wc __P((wchar_t *, wchar_t *, int));
+
+/* Return 1 of the first character of WSTRING could match the first
+ character of pattern WPAT. Wide character version. */
+int
+match_pattern_wchar (wpat, wstring)
+ wchar_t *wpat, *wstring;
+{
+ wchar_t wc;
+
+ if (*wstring == 0)
+ return (0);
+
+ switch (wc = *wpat++)
+ {
+ default:
+ return (*wstring == wc);
+ case L'\\':
+ return (*wstring == *wpat);
+ case L'?':
+ return (*wpat == WLPAREN ? 1 : (*wstring != L'\0'));
+ case L'*':
+ return (1);
+ case L'+':
+ case L'!':
+ case L'@':
+ return (*wpat == WLPAREN ? 1 : (*wstring == wc));
+ case L'[':
+ return (*wstring != L'\0');
+ }
+}
+
+int
+wmatchlen (wpat, wmax)
+ wchar_t *wpat;
+ size_t wmax;
+{
+ wchar_t wc;
+ int matlen, bracklen, t, in_cclass, in_collsym, in_equiv;
+
+ if (*wpat == 0)
+ return (0);
+
+ matlen = in_cclass = in_collsym = in_equiv = 0;
+ while (wc = *wpat++)
+ {
+ switch (wc)
+ {
+ default:
+ matlen++;
+ break;
+ case L'\\':
+ if (*wpat == 0)
+ return ++matlen;
+ else
+ {
+ matlen++;
+ wpat++;
+ }
+ break;
+ case L'?':
+ if (*wpat == WLPAREN)
+ return (matlen = -1); /* XXX for now */
+ else
+ matlen++;
+ break;
+ case L'*':
+ return (matlen = -1);
+ case L'+':
+ case L'!':
+ case L'@':
+ if (*wpat == WLPAREN)
+ return (matlen = -1); /* XXX for now */
+ else
+ matlen++;
+ break;
+ case L'[':
+ /* scan for ending `]', skipping over embedded [:...:] */
+ bracklen = 1;
+ wc = *wpat++;
+ do
+ {
+ if (wc == 0)
+ {
+ wpat--; /* back up to NUL */
+ matlen += bracklen;
+ goto bad_bracket;
+ }
+ else if (wc == L'\\')
+ {
+ /* *wpat == backslash-escaped character */
+ bracklen++;
+ /* If the backslash or backslash-escape ends the string,
+ bail. The ++wpat skips over the backslash escape */
+ if (*wpat == 0 || *++wpat == 0)
+ {
+ matlen += bracklen;
+ goto bad_bracket;
+ }
+ }
+ else if (wc == L'[' && *wpat == L':') /* character class */
+ {
+ wpat++;
+ bracklen++;
+ in_cclass = 1;
+ }
+ else if (in_cclass && wc == L':' && *wpat == L']')
+ {
+ wpat++;
+ bracklen++;
+ in_cclass = 0;
+ }
+ else if (wc == L'[' && *wpat == L'.') /* collating symbol */
+ {
+ wpat++;
+ bracklen++;
+ if (*wpat == L']') /* right bracket can appear as collating symbol */
+ {
+ wpat++;
+ bracklen++;
+ }
+ in_collsym = 1;
+ }
+ else if (in_collsym && wc == L'.' && *wpat == L']')
+ {
+ wpat++;
+ bracklen++;
+ in_collsym = 0;
+ }
+ else if (wc == L'[' && *wpat == L'=') /* equivalence class */
+ {
+ wpat++;
+ bracklen++;
+ if (*wpat == L']') /* right bracket can appear as equivalence class */
+ {
+ wpat++;
+ bracklen++;
+ }
+ in_equiv = 1;
+ }
+ else if (in_equiv && wc == L'=' && *wpat == L']')
+ {
+ wpat++;
+ bracklen++;
+ in_equiv = 0;
+ }
+ else
+ bracklen++;
+ }
+ while ((wc = *wpat++) != L']');
+ matlen++; /* bracket expression can only match one char */
+bad_bracket:
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return matlen;
+}
+#endif
+
+int
+extglob_pattern_p (pat)
+ char *pat;
+{
+ switch (pat[0])
+ {
+ case '*':
+ case '+':
+ case '!':
+ case '@':
+ case '?':
+ return (pat[1] == LPAREN);
+ default:
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Return 1 of the first character of STRING could match the first
+ character of pattern PAT. Used to avoid n2 calls to strmatch(). */
+int
+match_pattern_char (pat, string)
+ char *pat, *string;
+{
+ char c;
+
+ if (*string == 0)
+ return (0);
+
+ switch (c = *pat++)
+ {
+ default:
+ return (*string == c);
+ case '\\':
+ return (*string == *pat);
+ case '?':
+ return (*pat == LPAREN ? 1 : (*string != '\0'));
+ case '*':
+ return (1);
+ case '+':
+ case '!':
+ case '@':
+ return (*pat == LPAREN ? 1 : (*string == c));
+ case '[':
+ return (*string != '\0');
+ }
+}
+
+int
+umatchlen (pat, max)
+ char *pat;
+ size_t max;
+{
+ char c;
+ int matlen, bracklen, t, in_cclass, in_collsym, in_equiv;
+
+ if (*pat == 0)
+ return (0);
+
+ matlen = in_cclass = in_collsym = in_equiv = 0;
+ while (c = *pat++)
+ {
+ switch (c)
+ {
+ default:
+ matlen++;
+ break;
+ case '\\':
+ if (*pat == 0)
+ return ++matlen;
+ else
+ {
+ matlen++;
+ pat++;
+ }
+ break;
+ case '?':
+ if (*pat == LPAREN)
+ return (matlen = -1); /* XXX for now */
+ else
+ matlen++;
+ break;
+ case '*':
+ return (matlen = -1);
+ case '+':
+ case '!':
+ case '@':
+ if (*pat == LPAREN)
+ return (matlen = -1); /* XXX for now */
+ else
+ matlen++;
+ break;
+ case '[':
+ /* scan for ending `]', skipping over embedded [:...:] */
+ bracklen = 1;
+ c = *pat++;
+ do
+ {
+ if (c == 0)
+ {
+ pat--; /* back up to NUL */
+ matlen += bracklen;
+ goto bad_bracket;
+ }
+ else if (c == '\\')
+ {
+ /* *pat == backslash-escaped character */
+ bracklen++;
+ /* If the backslash or backslash-escape ends the string,
+ bail. The ++pat skips over the backslash escape */
+ if (*pat == 0 || *++pat == 0)
+ {
+ matlen += bracklen;
+ goto bad_bracket;
+ }
+ }
+ else if (c == '[' && *pat == ':') /* character class */
+ {
+ pat++;
+ bracklen++;
+ in_cclass = 1;
+ }
+ else if (in_cclass && c == ':' && *pat == ']')
+ {
+ pat++;
+ bracklen++;
+ in_cclass = 0;
+ }
+ else if (c == '[' && *pat == '.') /* collating symbol */
+ {
+ pat++;
+ bracklen++;
+ if (*pat == ']') /* right bracket can appear as collating symbol */
+ {
+ pat++;
+ bracklen++;
+ }
+ in_collsym = 1;
+ }
+ else if (in_collsym && c == '.' && *pat == ']')
+ {
+ pat++;
+ bracklen++;
+ in_collsym = 0;
+ }
+ else if (c == '[' && *pat == '=') /* equivalence class */
+ {
+ pat++;
+ bracklen++;
+ if (*pat == ']') /* right bracket can appear as equivalence class */
+ {
+ pat++;
+ bracklen++;
+ }
+ in_equiv = 1;
+ }
+ else if (in_equiv && c == '=' && *pat == ']')
+ {
+ pat++;
+ bracklen++;
+ in_equiv = 0;
+ }
+ else
+ bracklen++;
+ }
+ while ((c = *pat++) != ']');
+ matlen++; /* bracket expression can only match one char */
+bad_bracket:
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return matlen;
+}
+
+/* Skip characters in PAT and return the final occurrence of DIRSEP. This
+ is only called when extended_glob is set, so we have to skip over extglob
+ patterns x(...) */
+char *
+glob_dirscan (pat, dirsep)
+ char *pat;
+ int dirsep;
+{
+ char *p, *d, *pe, *se;
+
+ d = pe = se = 0;
+ for (p = pat; p && *p; p++)
+ {
+ if (extglob_pattern_p (p))
+ {
+ if (se == 0)
+ se = p + strlen (p) - 1;
+ pe = glob_patscan (p + 2, se, 0);
+ if (pe == 0)
+ continue;
+ else if (*pe == 0)
+ break;
+ p = pe - 1; /* will do increment above */
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (*p == dirsep)
+ d = p;
+ }
+ return d;
+}
--- /dev/null
+# This makefile for Readline library documentation is in -*- text -*- mode.
+# Emacs likes it that way.
+RM = rm -f
+
+MAKEINFO = makeinfo
+TEXI2DVI = texi2dvi
+TEXI2HTML = texi2html
+QUIETPS = #set this to -q to shut up dvips
+DVIPS = dvips -D 300 $(QUIETPS) -o $@ # tricky
+
+INSTALL_DATA = cp
+infodir = /usr/local/info
+
+RLSRC = rlman.texinfo rluser.texinfo rltech.texinfo
+HISTSRC = hist.texinfo hsuser.texinfo hstech.texinfo
+
+DVIOBJ = readline.dvi history.dvi
+INFOOBJ = readline.info history.info
+PSOBJ = readline.ps history.ps
+HTMLOBJ = readline.html history.html
+
+all: info dvi html ps
+nodvi: info html
+
+readline.dvi: $(RLSRC)
+ $(TEXI2DVI) rlman.texinfo
+ mv rlman.dvi readline.dvi
+
+readline.info: $(RLSRC)
+ $(MAKEINFO) --no-split -o $@ rlman.texinfo
+
+history.dvi: ${HISTSRC}
+ $(TEXI2DVI) hist.texinfo
+ mv hist.dvi history.dvi
+
+history.info: ${HISTSRC}
+ $(MAKEINFO) --no-split -o $@ hist.texinfo
+
+readline.ps: readline.dvi
+ $(RM) $@
+ $(DVIPS) readline.dvi
+
+history.ps: history.dvi
+ $(RM) $@
+ $(DVIPS) history.dvi
+
+readline.html: ${RLSRC}
+ $(TEXI2HTML) rlman.texinfo
+ sed -e 's:rlman.html:readline.html:' -e 's:rlman_toc.html:readline_toc.html:' rlman.html > readline.html
+ sed -e 's:rlman.html:readline.html:' -e 's:rlman_toc.html:readline_toc.html:' rlman_toc.html > readline_toc.html
+ $(RM) rlman.html rlman_toc.html
+
+history.html: ${HISTSRC}
+ $(TEXI2HTML) hist.texinfo
+ sed -e 's:hist.html:history.html:' -e 's:hist_toc.html:history_toc.html:' hist.html > history.html
+ sed -e 's:hist.html:history.html:' -e 's:hist_toc.html:history_toc.html:' hist_toc.html > history_toc.html
+ $(RM) hist.html hist_toc.html
+
+info: $(INFOOBJ)
+dvi: $(DVIOBJ)
+ps: $(PSOBJ)
+html: $(HTMLOBJ)
+
+clean:
+ $(RM) *.aux *.cp *.fn *.ky *.log *.pg *.toc *.tp *.vr *.cps *.pgs \
+ *.fns *.kys *.tps *.vrs *.o core
+
+distclean: clean
+mostlyclean: clean
+
+maintainer-clean: clean
+ $(RM) *.dvi *.info *.info-* *.ps *.html
+
+install: info
+ ${INSTALL_DATA} readline.info $(infodir)/readline.info
+ ${INSTALL_DATA} history.info $(infodir)/history.info
/* First do the common cases. */
temp->redirector = source;
temp->redirectee = dest_and_filename;
+ temp->here_doc_eof = 0;
temp->instruction = instruction;
temp->flags = 0;
temp->rflags = flags;
--- /dev/null
+/* make_cmd.c -- Functions for making instances of the various
+ parser constructs. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1989-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ (at your option) any later version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "bashtypes.h"
+#if !defined (_MINIX) && defined (HAVE_SYS_FILE_H)
+# include <sys/file.h>
+#endif
+#include "filecntl.h"
+#include "bashansi.h"
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "bashintl.h"
+
+#include "parser.h"
+#include "syntax.h"
+#include "command.h"
+#include "general.h"
+#include "error.h"
+#include "flags.h"
+#include "make_cmd.h"
+#include "dispose_cmd.h"
+#include "variables.h"
+#include "subst.h"
+#include "input.h"
+#include "ocache.h"
+#include "externs.h"
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+#include "jobs.h"
+#endif
+
+#include "shmbutil.h"
+
+extern int line_number, current_command_line_count, parser_state;
+extern int last_command_exit_value;
+
+/* Object caching */
+sh_obj_cache_t wdcache = {0, 0, 0};
+sh_obj_cache_t wlcache = {0, 0, 0};
+
+#define WDCACHESIZE 60
+#define WLCACHESIZE 60
+
+static COMMAND *make_for_or_select __P((enum command_type, WORD_DESC *, WORD_LIST *, COMMAND *, int));
+#if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
+static WORD_LIST *make_arith_for_expr __P((char *));
+#endif
+static COMMAND *make_until_or_while __P((enum command_type, COMMAND *, COMMAND *));
+
+void
+cmd_init ()
+{
+ ocache_create (wdcache, WORD_DESC, WDCACHESIZE);
+ ocache_create (wlcache, WORD_LIST, WLCACHESIZE);
+}
+
+WORD_DESC *
+alloc_word_desc ()
+{
+ WORD_DESC *temp;
+
+ ocache_alloc (wdcache, WORD_DESC, temp);
+ temp->flags = 0;
+ temp->word = 0;
+ return temp;
+}
+
+WORD_DESC *
+make_bare_word (string)
+ const char *string;
+{
+ WORD_DESC *temp;
+
+ temp = alloc_word_desc ();
+
+ if (*string)
+ temp->word = savestring (string);
+ else
+ {
+ temp->word = (char *)xmalloc (1);
+ temp->word[0] = '\0';
+ }
+
+ return (temp);
+}
+
+WORD_DESC *
+make_word_flags (w, string)
+ WORD_DESC *w;
+ const char *string;
+{
+ register int i;
+ size_t slen;
+ DECLARE_MBSTATE;
+
+ i = 0;
+ slen = strlen (string);
+ while (i < slen)
+ {
+ switch (string[i])
+ {
+ case '$':
+ w->flags |= W_HASDOLLAR;
+ break;
+ case '\\':
+ break; /* continue the loop */
+ case '\'':
+ case '`':
+ case '"':
+ w->flags |= W_QUOTED;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ ADVANCE_CHAR (string, slen, i);
+ }
+
+ return (w);
+}
+
+WORD_DESC *
+make_word (string)
+ const char *string;
+{
+ WORD_DESC *temp;
+
+ temp = make_bare_word (string);
+ return (make_word_flags (temp, string));
+}
+
+WORD_DESC *
+make_word_from_token (token)
+ int token;
+{
+ char tokenizer[2];
+
+ tokenizer[0] = token;
+ tokenizer[1] = '\0';
+
+ return (make_word (tokenizer));
+}
+
+WORD_LIST *
+make_word_list (word, wlink)
+ WORD_DESC *word;
+ WORD_LIST *wlink;
+{
+ WORD_LIST *temp;
+
+ ocache_alloc (wlcache, WORD_LIST, temp);
+
+ temp->word = word;
+ temp->next = wlink;
+ return (temp);
+}
+
+COMMAND *
+make_command (type, pointer)
+ enum command_type type;
+ SIMPLE_COM *pointer;
+{
+ COMMAND *temp;
+
+ temp = (COMMAND *)xmalloc (sizeof (COMMAND));
+ temp->type = type;
+ temp->value.Simple = pointer;
+ temp->value.Simple->flags = temp->flags = 0;
+ temp->redirects = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+ return (temp);
+}
+
+COMMAND *
+command_connect (com1, com2, connector)
+ COMMAND *com1, *com2;
+ int connector;
+{
+ CONNECTION *temp;
+
+ temp = (CONNECTION *)xmalloc (sizeof (CONNECTION));
+ temp->connector = connector;
+ temp->first = com1;
+ temp->second = com2;
+ return (make_command (cm_connection, (SIMPLE_COM *)temp));
+}
+
+static COMMAND *
+make_for_or_select (type, name, map_list, action, lineno)
+ enum command_type type;
+ WORD_DESC *name;
+ WORD_LIST *map_list;
+ COMMAND *action;
+ int lineno;
+{
+ FOR_COM *temp;
+
+ temp = (FOR_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (FOR_COM));
+ temp->flags = 0;
+ temp->name = name;
+ temp->line = lineno;
+ temp->map_list = map_list;
+ temp->action = action;
+ return (make_command (type, (SIMPLE_COM *)temp));
+}
+
+COMMAND *
+make_for_command (name, map_list, action, lineno)
+ WORD_DESC *name;
+ WORD_LIST *map_list;
+ COMMAND *action;
+ int lineno;
+{
+ return (make_for_or_select (cm_for, name, map_list, action, lineno));
+}
+
+COMMAND *
+make_select_command (name, map_list, action, lineno)
+ WORD_DESC *name;
+ WORD_LIST *map_list;
+ COMMAND *action;
+ int lineno;
+{
+#if defined (SELECT_COMMAND)
+ return (make_for_or_select (cm_select, name, map_list, action, lineno));
+#else
+ last_command_exit_value = 2;
+ return ((COMMAND *)NULL);
+#endif
+}
+
+#if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
+static WORD_LIST *
+make_arith_for_expr (s)
+ char *s;
+{
+ WORD_LIST *result;
+ WORD_DESC *wd;
+
+ if (s == 0 || *s == '\0')
+ return ((WORD_LIST *)NULL);
+ wd = make_word (s);
+ wd->flags |= W_NOGLOB|W_NOSPLIT|W_QUOTED|W_DQUOTE; /* no word splitting or globbing */
+#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
+ wd->flags |= W_NOPROCSUB; /* no process substitution */
+#endif
+ result = make_word_list (wd, (WORD_LIST *)NULL);
+ return result;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* Note that this function calls dispose_words on EXPRS, since it doesn't
+ use the word list directly. We free it here rather than at the caller
+ because no other function in this file requires that the caller free
+ any arguments. */
+COMMAND *
+make_arith_for_command (exprs, action, lineno)
+ WORD_LIST *exprs;
+ COMMAND *action;
+ int lineno;
+{
+#if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
+ ARITH_FOR_COM *temp;
+ WORD_LIST *init, *test, *step;
+ char *s, *t, *start;
+ int nsemi, i;
+
+ init = test = step = (WORD_LIST *)NULL;
+ /* Parse the string into the three component sub-expressions. */
+ start = t = s = exprs->word->word;
+ for (nsemi = 0; ;)
+ {
+ /* skip whitespace at the start of each sub-expression. */
+ while (whitespace (*s))
+ s++;
+ start = s;
+ /* skip to the semicolon or EOS */
+ i = skip_to_delim (start, 0, ";", SD_NOJMP|SD_NOPROCSUB);
+ s = start + i;
+
+ t = (i > 0) ? substring (start, 0, i) : (char *)NULL;
+
+ nsemi++;
+ switch (nsemi)
+ {
+ case 1:
+ init = make_arith_for_expr (t);
+ break;
+ case 2:
+ test = make_arith_for_expr (t);
+ break;
+ case 3:
+ step = make_arith_for_expr (t);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ FREE (t);
+ if (*s == '\0')
+ break;
+ s++; /* skip over semicolon */
+ }
+
+ if (nsemi != 3)
+ {
+ if (nsemi < 3)
+ parser_error (lineno, _("syntax error: arithmetic expression required"));
+ else
+ parser_error (lineno, _("syntax error: `;' unexpected"));
+ parser_error (lineno, _("syntax error: `((%s))'"), exprs->word->word);
+ free (init);
+ free (test);
+ free (step);
+ last_command_exit_value = 2;
+ return ((COMMAND *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ temp = (ARITH_FOR_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (ARITH_FOR_COM));
+ temp->flags = 0;
+ temp->line = lineno;
+ temp->init = init ? init : make_arith_for_expr ("1");
+ temp->test = test ? test : make_arith_for_expr ("1");
+ temp->step = step ? step : make_arith_for_expr ("1");
+ temp->action = action;
+
+ dispose_words (exprs);
+ return (make_command (cm_arith_for, (SIMPLE_COM *)temp));
+#else
+ dispose_words (exprs);
+ last_command_exit_value = 2;
+ return ((COMMAND *)NULL);
+#endif /* ARITH_FOR_COMMAND */
+}
+
+COMMAND *
+make_group_command (command)
+ COMMAND *command;
+{
+ GROUP_COM *temp;
+
+ temp = (GROUP_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (GROUP_COM));
+ temp->command = command;
+ return (make_command (cm_group, (SIMPLE_COM *)temp));
+}
+
+COMMAND *
+make_case_command (word, clauses, lineno)
+ WORD_DESC *word;
+ PATTERN_LIST *clauses;
+ int lineno;
+{
+ CASE_COM *temp;
+
+ temp = (CASE_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (CASE_COM));
+ temp->flags = 0;
+ temp->line = lineno;
+ temp->word = word;
+ temp->clauses = REVERSE_LIST (clauses, PATTERN_LIST *);
+ return (make_command (cm_case, (SIMPLE_COM *)temp));
+}
+
+PATTERN_LIST *
+make_pattern_list (patterns, action)
+ WORD_LIST *patterns;
+ COMMAND *action;
+{
+ PATTERN_LIST *temp;
+
+ temp = (PATTERN_LIST *)xmalloc (sizeof (PATTERN_LIST));
+ temp->patterns = REVERSE_LIST (patterns, WORD_LIST *);
+ temp->action = action;
+ temp->next = NULL;
+ temp->flags = 0;
+ return (temp);
+}
+
+COMMAND *
+make_if_command (test, true_case, false_case)
+ COMMAND *test, *true_case, *false_case;
+{
+ IF_COM *temp;
+
+ temp = (IF_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (IF_COM));
+ temp->flags = 0;
+ temp->test = test;
+ temp->true_case = true_case;
+ temp->false_case = false_case;
+ return (make_command (cm_if, (SIMPLE_COM *)temp));
+}
+
+static COMMAND *
+make_until_or_while (which, test, action)
+ enum command_type which;
+ COMMAND *test, *action;
+{
+ WHILE_COM *temp;
+
+ temp = (WHILE_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (WHILE_COM));
+ temp->flags = 0;
+ temp->test = test;
+ temp->action = action;
+ return (make_command (which, (SIMPLE_COM *)temp));
+}
+
+COMMAND *
+make_while_command (test, action)
+ COMMAND *test, *action;
+{
+ return (make_until_or_while (cm_while, test, action));
+}
+
+COMMAND *
+make_until_command (test, action)
+ COMMAND *test, *action;
+{
+ return (make_until_or_while (cm_until, test, action));
+}
+
+COMMAND *
+make_arith_command (exp)
+ WORD_LIST *exp;
+{
+#if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
+ COMMAND *command;
+ ARITH_COM *temp;
+
+ command = (COMMAND *)xmalloc (sizeof (COMMAND));
+ command->value.Arith = temp = (ARITH_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (ARITH_COM));
+
+ temp->flags = 0;
+ temp->line = line_number;
+ temp->exp = exp;
+
+ command->type = cm_arith;
+ command->redirects = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+ command->flags = 0;
+
+ return (command);
+#else
+ last_command_exit_value = 2;
+ return ((COMMAND *)NULL);
+#endif
+}
+
+#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
+struct cond_com *
+make_cond_node (type, op, left, right)
+ int type;
+ WORD_DESC *op;
+ struct cond_com *left, *right;
+{
+ COND_COM *temp;
+
+ temp = (COND_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (COND_COM));
+ temp->flags = 0;
+ temp->line = line_number;
+ temp->type = type;
+ temp->op = op;
+ temp->left = left;
+ temp->right = right;
+
+ return (temp);
+}
+#endif
+
+COMMAND *
+make_cond_command (cond_node)
+ COND_COM *cond_node;
+{
+#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
+ COMMAND *command;
+
+ command = (COMMAND *)xmalloc (sizeof (COMMAND));
+ command->value.Cond = cond_node;
+
+ command->type = cm_cond;
+ command->redirects = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+ command->flags = 0;
+ command->line = cond_node ? cond_node->line : 0;
+
+ return (command);
+#else
+ last_command_exit_value = 2;
+ return ((COMMAND *)NULL);
+#endif
+}
+
+COMMAND *
+make_bare_simple_command ()
+{
+ COMMAND *command;
+ SIMPLE_COM *temp;
+
+ command = (COMMAND *)xmalloc (sizeof (COMMAND));
+ command->value.Simple = temp = (SIMPLE_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (SIMPLE_COM));
+
+ temp->flags = 0;
+ temp->line = line_number;
+ temp->words = (WORD_LIST *)NULL;
+ temp->redirects = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+
+ command->type = cm_simple;
+ command->redirects = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+ command->flags = 0;
+
+ return (command);
+}
+
+/* Return a command which is the connection of the word or redirection
+ in ELEMENT, and the command * or NULL in COMMAND. */
+COMMAND *
+make_simple_command (element, command)
+ ELEMENT element;
+ COMMAND *command;
+{
+ /* If we are starting from scratch, then make the initial command
+ structure. Also note that we have to fill in all the slots, since
+ malloc doesn't return zeroed space. */
+ if (command == 0)
+ {
+ command = make_bare_simple_command ();
+ parser_state |= PST_REDIRLIST;
+ }
+
+ if (element.word)
+ {
+ command->value.Simple->words = make_word_list (element.word, command->value.Simple->words);
+ parser_state &= ~PST_REDIRLIST;
+ }
+ else if (element.redirect)
+ {
+ REDIRECT *r = element.redirect;
+ /* Due to the way <> is implemented, there may be more than a single
+ redirection in element.redirect. We just follow the chain as far
+ as it goes, and hook onto the end. */
+ while (r->next)
+ r = r->next;
+ r->next = command->value.Simple->redirects;
+ command->value.Simple->redirects = element.redirect;
+ }
+
+ return (command);
+}
+
+/* Because we are Bourne compatible, we read the input for this
+ << or <<- redirection now, from wherever input is coming from.
+ We store the input read into a WORD_DESC. Replace the text of
+ the redirectee.word with the new input text. If <<- is on,
+ then remove leading TABS from each line. */
+void
+make_here_document (temp, lineno)
+ REDIRECT *temp;
+ int lineno;
+{
+ int kill_leading, redir_len;
+ char *redir_word, *document, *full_line;
+ int document_index, document_size, delim_unquoted;
+
+ if (temp->instruction != r_deblank_reading_until &&
+ temp->instruction != r_reading_until)
+ {
+ internal_error (_("make_here_document: bad instruction type %d"), temp->instruction);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ kill_leading = temp->instruction == r_deblank_reading_until;
+
+ document = (char *)NULL;
+ document_index = document_size = 0;
+
+ /* Quote removal is the only expansion performed on the delimiter
+ for here documents, making it an extremely special case. */
+ redir_word = string_quote_removal (temp->redirectee.filename->word, 0);
+
+ /* redirection_expand will return NULL if the expansion results in
+ multiple words or no words. Check for that here, and just abort
+ this here document if it does. */
+ if (redir_word)
+ redir_len = strlen (redir_word);
+ else
+ {
+ temp->here_doc_eof = (char *)xmalloc (1);
+ temp->here_doc_eof[0] = '\0';
+ goto document_done;
+ }
+
+ free (temp->redirectee.filename->word);
+ temp->here_doc_eof = redir_word;
+
+ /* Read lines from wherever lines are coming from.
+ For each line read, if kill_leading, then kill the
+ leading tab characters.
+ If the line matches redir_word exactly, then we have
+ manufactured the document. Otherwise, add the line to the
+ list of lines in the document. */
+
+ /* If the here-document delimiter was quoted, the lines should
+ be read verbatim from the input. If it was not quoted, we
+ need to perform backslash-quoted newline removal. */
+ delim_unquoted = (temp->redirectee.filename->flags & W_QUOTED) == 0;
+ while (full_line = read_secondary_line (delim_unquoted))
+ {
+ register char *line;
+ int len;
+
+ line = full_line;
+ line_number++;
+
+ /* If set -v is in effect, echo the line read. read_secondary_line/
+ read_a_line leaves the newline at the end, so don't print another. */
+ if (echo_input_at_read)
+ fprintf (stderr, "%s", line);
+
+ if (kill_leading && *line)
+ {
+ /* Hack: To be compatible with some Bourne shells, we
+ check the word before stripping the whitespace. This
+ is a hack, though. */
+ if (STREQN (line, redir_word, redir_len) && line[redir_len] == '\n')
+ goto document_done;
+
+ while (*line == '\t')
+ line++;
+ }
+
+ if (*line == 0)
+ continue;
+
+ if (STREQN (line, redir_word, redir_len) && line[redir_len] == '\n')
+ goto document_done;
+
+ len = strlen (line);
+ if (len + document_index >= document_size)
+ {
+ document_size = document_size ? 2 * (document_size + len) : len + 2;
+ document = (char *)xrealloc (document, document_size);
+ }
+
+ /* len is guaranteed to be > 0 because of the check for line
+ being an empty string before the call to strlen. */
+ FASTCOPY (line, document + document_index, len);
+ document_index += len;
+ }
+
+ if (full_line == 0)
+ internal_warning (_("here-document at line %d delimited by end-of-file (wanted `%s')"), lineno, redir_word);
+
+document_done:
+ if (document)
+ document[document_index] = '\0';
+ else
+ {
+ document = (char *)xmalloc (1);
+ document[0] = '\0';
+ }
+ temp->redirectee.filename->word = document;
+}
+
+/* Generate a REDIRECT from SOURCE, DEST, and INSTRUCTION.
+ INSTRUCTION is the instruction type, SOURCE is a file descriptor,
+ and DEST is a file descriptor or a WORD_DESC *. */
+REDIRECT *
+make_redirection (source, instruction, dest_and_filename, flags)
+ REDIRECTEE source;
+ enum r_instruction instruction;
+ REDIRECTEE dest_and_filename;
+ int flags;
+{
+ REDIRECT *temp;
+ WORD_DESC *w;
+ int wlen;
+ intmax_t lfd;
+
+ temp = (REDIRECT *)xmalloc (sizeof (REDIRECT));
+
+ /* First do the common cases. */
+ temp->redirector = source;
+ temp->redirectee = dest_and_filename;
+ temp->instruction = instruction;
+ temp->flags = 0;
+ temp->rflags = flags;
+ temp->next = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
+
+ switch (instruction)
+ {
+
+ case r_output_direction: /* >foo */
+ case r_output_force: /* >| foo */
+ case r_err_and_out: /* &>filename */
+ temp->flags = O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY | O_CREAT;
+ break;
+
+ case r_appending_to: /* >>foo */
+ case r_append_err_and_out: /* &>> filename */
+ temp->flags = O_APPEND | O_WRONLY | O_CREAT;
+ break;
+
+ case r_input_direction: /* <foo */
+ case r_inputa_direction: /* foo & makes this. */
+ temp->flags = O_RDONLY;
+ break;
+
+ case r_input_output: /* <>foo */
+ temp->flags = O_RDWR | O_CREAT;
+ break;
+
+ case r_deblank_reading_until: /* <<-foo */
+ case r_reading_until: /* << foo */
+ case r_reading_string: /* <<< foo */
+ case r_close_this: /* <&- */
+ case r_duplicating_input: /* 1<&2 */
+ case r_duplicating_output: /* 1>&2 */
+ break;
+
+ /* the parser doesn't pass these. */
+ case r_move_input: /* 1<&2- */
+ case r_move_output: /* 1>&2- */
+ case r_move_input_word: /* 1<&$foo- */
+ case r_move_output_word: /* 1>&$foo- */
+ break;
+
+ /* The way the lexer works we have to do this here. */
+ case r_duplicating_input_word: /* 1<&$foo */
+ case r_duplicating_output_word: /* 1>&$foo */
+ w = dest_and_filename.filename;
+ wlen = strlen (w->word) - 1;
+ if (w->word[wlen] == '-') /* Yuck */
+ {
+ w->word[wlen] = '\0';
+ if (all_digits (w->word) && legal_number (w->word, &lfd) && lfd == (int)lfd)
+ {
+ dispose_word (w);
+ temp->instruction = (instruction == r_duplicating_input_word) ? r_move_input : r_move_output;
+ temp->redirectee.dest = lfd;
+ }
+ else
+ temp->instruction = (instruction == r_duplicating_input_word) ? r_move_input_word : r_move_output_word;
+ }
+
+ break;
+
+ default:
+ programming_error (_("make_redirection: redirection instruction `%d' out of range"), instruction);
+ abort ();
+ break;
+ }
+ return (temp);
+}
+
+COMMAND *
+make_function_def (name, command, lineno, lstart)
+ WORD_DESC *name;
+ COMMAND *command;
+ int lineno, lstart;
+{
+ FUNCTION_DEF *temp;
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ SHELL_VAR *bash_source_v;
+ ARRAY *bash_source_a;
+#endif
+
+ temp = (FUNCTION_DEF *)xmalloc (sizeof (FUNCTION_DEF));
+ temp->command = command;
+ temp->name = name;
+ temp->line = lineno;
+ temp->flags = 0;
+ command->line = lstart;
+
+ /* Information used primarily for debugging. */
+ temp->source_file = 0;
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ GET_ARRAY_FROM_VAR ("BASH_SOURCE", bash_source_v, bash_source_a);
+ if (bash_source_a && array_num_elements (bash_source_a) > 0)
+ temp->source_file = array_reference (bash_source_a, 0);
+#endif
+#if defined (DEBUGGER)
+ bind_function_def (name->word, temp);
+#endif
+
+ temp->source_file = temp->source_file ? savestring (temp->source_file) : 0;
+ return (make_command (cm_function_def, (SIMPLE_COM *)temp));
+}
+
+COMMAND *
+make_subshell_command (command)
+ COMMAND *command;
+{
+ SUBSHELL_COM *temp;
+
+ temp = (SUBSHELL_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (SUBSHELL_COM));
+ temp->command = command;
+ temp->flags = CMD_WANT_SUBSHELL;
+ return (make_command (cm_subshell, (SIMPLE_COM *)temp));
+}
+
+COMMAND *
+make_coproc_command (name, command)
+ char *name;
+ COMMAND *command;
+{
+ COPROC_COM *temp;
+
+ temp = (COPROC_COM *)xmalloc (sizeof (COPROC_COM));
+ temp->name = savestring (name);
+ temp->command = command;
+ temp->flags = CMD_WANT_SUBSHELL|CMD_COPROC_SUBSHELL;
+ return (make_command (cm_coproc, (SIMPLE_COM *)temp));
+}
+
+/* Reverse the word list and redirection list in the simple command
+ has just been parsed. It seems simpler to do this here the one
+ time then by any other method that I can think of. */
+COMMAND *
+clean_simple_command (command)
+ COMMAND *command;
+{
+ if (command->type != cm_simple)
+ command_error ("clean_simple_command", CMDERR_BADTYPE, command->type, 0);
+ else
+ {
+ command->value.Simple->words =
+ REVERSE_LIST (command->value.Simple->words, WORD_LIST *);
+ command->value.Simple->redirects =
+ REVERSE_LIST (command->value.Simple->redirects, REDIRECT *);
+ }
+
+ parser_state &= ~PST_REDIRLIST;
+ return (command);
+}
+
+/* The Yacc grammar productions have a problem, in that they take a
+ list followed by an ampersand (`&') and do a simple command connection,
+ making the entire list effectively asynchronous, instead of just
+ the last command. This means that when the list is executed, all
+ the commands have stdin set to /dev/null when job control is not
+ active, instead of just the last. This is wrong, and needs fixing
+ up. This function takes the `&' and applies it to the last command
+ in the list. This is done only for lists connected by `;'; it makes
+ `;' bind `tighter' than `&'. */
+COMMAND *
+connect_async_list (command, command2, connector)
+ COMMAND *command, *command2;
+ int connector;
+{
+ COMMAND *t, *t1, *t2;
+
+ t1 = command;
+ t = command->value.Connection->second;
+
+ if (!t || (command->flags & CMD_WANT_SUBSHELL) ||
+ command->value.Connection->connector != ';')
+ {
+ t = command_connect (command, command2, connector);
+ return t;
+ }
+
+ /* This is just defensive programming. The Yacc precedence rules
+ will generally hand this function a command where t points directly
+ to the command we want (e.g. given a ; b ; c ; d &, t1 will point
+ to the `a ; b ; c' list and t will be the `d'). We only want to do
+ this if the list is not being executed as a unit in the background
+ with `( ... )', so we have to check for CMD_WANT_SUBSHELL. That's
+ the only way to tell. */
+ while (((t->flags & CMD_WANT_SUBSHELL) == 0) && t->type == cm_connection &&
+ t->value.Connection->connector == ';')
+ {
+ t1 = t;
+ t = t->value.Connection->second;
+ }
+ /* Now we have t pointing to the last command in the list, and
+ t1->value.Connection->second == t. */
+ t2 = command_connect (t, command2, connector);
+ t1->value.Connection->second = t2;
+ return command;
+}
fprintf (stderr, "%ld\n", (long) pid);
}
-void
+int
freeze_jobs_list ()
{
}
static int reserved_word_acceptable __P((int));
static int yylex __P((void));
+
+static void push_heredoc __P((REDIRECT *));
+static char *mk_alexpansion __P((char *));
static int alias_expand_token __P((char *));
static int time_command_acceptable __P((void));
static int special_case_tokens __P((char *));
/* Variables to manage the task of reading here documents, because we need to
defer the reading until after a complete command has been collected. */
-static REDIRECT *redir_stack[10];
+#define HEREDOC_MAX 16
+
+static REDIRECT *redir_stack[HEREDOC_MAX];
int need_here_doc;
/* Where shell input comes from. History expansion is performed on each
or `for WORD' begins. This is a nested command maximum, since the array
index is decremented after a case, select, or for command is parsed. */
#define MAX_CASE_NEST 128
-static int word_lineno[MAX_CASE_NEST];
+static int word_lineno[MAX_CASE_NEST+1];
static int word_top = -1;
/* If non-zero, it is the token that we want read_token to return
source.dest = 0;
redir.filename = $2;
$$ = make_redirection (source, r_reading_until, redir, 0);
- redir_stack[need_here_doc++] = $$;
+ push_heredoc ($$);
}
| NUMBER LESS_LESS WORD
{
source.dest = $1;
redir.filename = $3;
$$ = make_redirection (source, r_reading_until, redir, 0);
- redir_stack[need_here_doc++] = $$;
+ push_heredoc ($$);
}
| REDIR_WORD LESS_LESS WORD
{
source.filename = $1;
redir.filename = $3;
$$ = make_redirection (source, r_reading_until, redir, REDIR_VARASSIGN);
- redir_stack[need_here_doc++] = $$;
+ push_heredoc ($$);
}
| LESS_LESS_MINUS WORD
{
source.dest = 0;
redir.filename = $2;
$$ = make_redirection (source, r_deblank_reading_until, redir, 0);
- redir_stack[need_here_doc++] = $$;
+ push_heredoc ($$);
}
| NUMBER LESS_LESS_MINUS WORD
{
source.dest = $1;
redir.filename = $3;
$$ = make_redirection (source, r_deblank_reading_until, redir, 0);
- redir_stack[need_here_doc++] = $$;
+ push_heredoc ($$);
}
| REDIR_WORD LESS_LESS_MINUS WORD
{
source.filename = $1;
redir.filename = $3;
$$ = make_redirection (source, r_deblank_reading_until, redir, REDIR_VARASSIGN);
- redir_stack[need_here_doc++] = $$;
+ push_heredoc ($$);
}
| LESS_LESS_LESS WORD
{
which allow ESAC to be the next one read. */
static int esacs_needed_count;
+static void
+push_heredoc (r)
+ REDIRECT *r;
+{
+ if (need_here_doc >= HEREDOC_MAX)
+ {
+ last_command_exit_value = EX_BADUSAGE;
+ need_here_doc = 0;
+ report_syntax_error (_("maximum here-document count exceeded"));
+ reset_parser ();
+ exit_shell (last_command_exit_value);
+ }
+ redir_stack[need_here_doc++] = r;
+}
+
void
gather_here_documents ()
{
FREE (word_desc_to_read);
word_desc_to_read = (WORD_DESC *)NULL;
+ eol_ungetc_lookahead = 0;
+
current_token = '\n'; /* XXX */
last_read_token = '\n';
token_to_read = '\n';
regexp `^#define[ ]*PATCHLEVEL', since that's what support/mkversion.sh
looks for to find the patch level (for the sccs version string). */
-#define PATCHLEVEL 24
+#define PATCHLEVEL 25
#endif /* _PATCHLEVEL_H_ */
-BUILD_DIR=/usr/local/build/chet/bash/bash-current
+BUILD_DIR=/usr/local/build/bash/bash-current
THIS_SH=$BUILD_DIR/bash
PATH=$PATH:$BUILD_DIR
--- /dev/null
+BUILD_DIR=/usr/local/build/chet/bash/bash-current
+THIS_SH=$BUILD_DIR/bash
+PATH=$PATH:$BUILD_DIR
+
+export THIS_SH PATH
+
+rm -f /tmp/xx
+
+/bin/sh "$@"
--- /dev/null
+:; ./shx
+
+sh:
+<&$fd ok
+nlbq Mon Aug 3 02:45:00 EDT 1992
+bang geoff
+quote 712824302
+setbq defmsgid=<1992Aug3.024502.6176@host>
+bgwait sleep done... wait 6187
+
+
+bash:
+<&$fd ok
+nlbq Mon Aug 3 02:45:09 EDT 1992
+bang geoff
+quote 712824311
+setbq defmsgid=<1992Aug3.024512.6212@host>
+bgwait sleep done... wait 6223
+
+
+ash:
+<&$fd shx1: 4: Syntax error: Bad fd number
+nlbq Mon Aug 3 02:45:19 EDT 1992
+bang geoff
+quote getdate: `"now"' not a valid date
+
+setbq defmsgid=<1992Aug3.` echo 024521
+bgwait sleep done... wait 6241
+
+
+ksh:
+<&$fd ok
+nlbq ./shx: 6248 Memory fault - core dumped
+bang geoff
+quote getdate: `"now"' not a valid date
+
+setbq defmsgid=<1992Aug3.024530.6257@host>
+bgwait no such job: 6265
+wait 6265
+sleep done...
+
+zsh:
+<&$fd ok
+nlbq Mon Aug 3 02:45:36 EDT 1992
+bang shx3: event not found: /s/ [4]
+quote 712824337
+setbq defmsgid=<..6290@host>
+bgwait shx7: unmatched " [9]
+sleep done...
+:;
--- /dev/null
+#! /bin/sh
+for cmd in sh bash ash ksh zsh
+do
+ echo
+ echo $cmd:
+ for demo in shx?
+ do
+ $cmd $demo
+ done
+done
retval = trap_saved_exit_value;
running_trap = 0;
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
array_dispose (ps);
+#endif
return retval;
}
--- /dev/null
+/* trap.c -- Not the trap command, but useful functions for manipulating
+ those objects. The trap command is in builtins/trap.def. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1987-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ (at your option) any later version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "bashtypes.h"
+#include "bashansi.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include "bashintl.h"
+
+#include <signal.h>
+
+#include "trap.h"
+
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "flags.h"
+#include "input.h" /* for save_token_state, restore_token_state */
+#include "jobs.h"
+#include "signames.h"
+#include "builtins.h"
+#include "builtins/common.h"
+#include "builtins/builtext.h"
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+# include <readline/readline.h>
+# include "bashline.h"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef errno
+extern int errno;
+#endif
+
+/* Flags which describe the current handling state of a signal. */
+#define SIG_INHERITED 0x0 /* Value inherited from parent. */
+#define SIG_TRAPPED 0x1 /* Currently trapped. */
+#define SIG_HARD_IGNORE 0x2 /* Signal was ignored on shell entry. */
+#define SIG_SPECIAL 0x4 /* Treat this signal specially. */
+#define SIG_NO_TRAP 0x8 /* Signal cannot be trapped. */
+#define SIG_INPROGRESS 0x10 /* Signal handler currently executing. */
+#define SIG_CHANGED 0x20 /* Trap value changed in trap handler. */
+#define SIG_IGNORED 0x40 /* The signal is currently being ignored. */
+
+#define SPECIAL_TRAP(s) ((s) == EXIT_TRAP || (s) == DEBUG_TRAP || (s) == ERROR_TRAP || (s) == RETURN_TRAP)
+
+/* An array of such flags, one for each signal, describing what the
+ shell will do with a signal. DEBUG_TRAP == NSIG; some code below
+ assumes this. */
+static int sigmodes[BASH_NSIG];
+
+static void free_trap_command __P((int));
+static void change_signal __P((int, char *));
+
+static int _run_trap_internal __P((int, char *));
+
+static void free_trap_string __P((int));
+static void reset_signal __P((int));
+static void restore_signal __P((int));
+static void reset_or_restore_signal_handlers __P((sh_resetsig_func_t *));
+
+/* Variables used here but defined in other files. */
+extern int last_command_exit_value;
+extern int line_number;
+
+extern int sigalrm_seen;
+extern procenv_t alrmbuf;
+
+extern volatile int from_return_trap;
+
+extern char *this_command_name;
+extern sh_builtin_func_t *this_shell_builtin;
+extern procenv_t wait_intr_buf;
+extern int return_catch_flag, return_catch_value;
+extern int subshell_level;
+extern WORD_LIST *subst_assign_varlist;
+
+/* The list of things to do originally, before we started trapping. */
+SigHandler *original_signals[NSIG];
+
+/* For each signal, a slot for a string, which is a command to be
+ executed when that signal is received. The slot can also contain
+ DEFAULT_SIG, which means do whatever you were going to do before
+ you were so rudely interrupted, or IGNORE_SIG, which says ignore
+ this signal. */
+char *trap_list[BASH_NSIG];
+
+/* A bitmap of signals received for which we have trap handlers. */
+int pending_traps[NSIG];
+
+/* Set to the number of the signal we're running the trap for + 1.
+ Used in execute_cmd.c and builtins/common.c to clean up when
+ parse_and_execute does not return normally after executing the
+ trap command (e.g., when `return' is executed in the trap command). */
+int running_trap;
+
+/* Set to last_command_exit_value before running a trap. */
+int trap_saved_exit_value;
+
+/* The (trapped) signal received while executing in the `wait' builtin */
+int wait_signal_received;
+
+int trapped_signal_received;
+
+#define GETORIGSIG(sig) \
+ do { \
+ original_signals[sig] = (SigHandler *)set_signal_handler (sig, SIG_DFL); \
+ set_signal_handler (sig, original_signals[sig]); \
+ if (original_signals[sig] == SIG_IGN) \
+ sigmodes[sig] |= SIG_HARD_IGNORE; \
+ } while (0)
+
+#define SETORIGSIG(sig,handler) \
+ do { \
+ original_signals[sig] = handler; \
+ if (original_signals[sig] == SIG_IGN) \
+ sigmodes[sig] |= SIG_HARD_IGNORE; \
+ } while (0)
+
+#define GET_ORIGINAL_SIGNAL(sig) \
+ if (sig && sig < NSIG && original_signals[sig] == IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER) \
+ GETORIGSIG(sig)
+
+void
+initialize_traps ()
+{
+ register int i;
+
+ initialize_signames();
+
+ trap_list[EXIT_TRAP] = trap_list[DEBUG_TRAP] = trap_list[ERROR_TRAP] = trap_list[RETURN_TRAP] = (char *)NULL;
+ sigmodes[EXIT_TRAP] = sigmodes[DEBUG_TRAP] = sigmodes[ERROR_TRAP] = sigmodes[RETURN_TRAP] = SIG_INHERITED;
+ original_signals[EXIT_TRAP] = IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER;
+
+ for (i = 1; i < NSIG; i++)
+ {
+ pending_traps[i] = 0;
+ trap_list[i] = (char *)DEFAULT_SIG;
+ sigmodes[i] = SIG_INHERITED; /* XXX - only set, not used */
+ original_signals[i] = IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER;
+ }
+
+ /* Show which signals are treated specially by the shell. */
+#if defined (SIGCHLD)
+ GETORIGSIG (SIGCHLD);
+ sigmodes[SIGCHLD] |= (SIG_SPECIAL | SIG_NO_TRAP);
+#endif /* SIGCHLD */
+
+ GETORIGSIG (SIGINT);
+ sigmodes[SIGINT] |= SIG_SPECIAL;
+
+#if defined (__BEOS__)
+ /* BeOS sets SIGINT to SIG_IGN! */
+ original_signals[SIGINT] = SIG_DFL;
+ sigmodes[SIGINT] &= ~SIG_HARD_IGNORE;
+#endif
+
+ GETORIGSIG (SIGQUIT);
+ sigmodes[SIGQUIT] |= SIG_SPECIAL;
+
+ if (interactive)
+ {
+ GETORIGSIG (SIGTERM);
+ sigmodes[SIGTERM] |= SIG_SPECIAL;
+ }
+}
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+/* Return a printable representation of the trap handler for SIG. */
+static char *
+trap_handler_string (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ if (trap_list[sig] == (char *)DEFAULT_SIG)
+ return "DEFAULT_SIG";
+ else if (trap_list[sig] == (char *)IGNORE_SIG)
+ return "IGNORE_SIG";
+ else if (trap_list[sig] == (char *)IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER)
+ return "IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER";
+ else if (trap_list[sig])
+ return trap_list[sig];
+ else
+ return "NULL";
+}
+#endif
+
+/* Return the print name of this signal. */
+char *
+signal_name (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ char *ret;
+
+ /* on cygwin32, signal_names[sig] could be null */
+ ret = (sig >= BASH_NSIG || sig < 0 || signal_names[sig] == NULL)
+ ? _("invalid signal number")
+ : signal_names[sig];
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* Turn a string into a signal number, or a number into
+ a signal number. If STRING is "2", "SIGINT", or "INT",
+ then (int)2 is returned. Return NO_SIG if STRING doesn't
+ contain a valid signal descriptor. */
+int
+decode_signal (string, flags)
+ char *string;
+ int flags;
+{
+ intmax_t sig;
+ char *name;
+
+ if (legal_number (string, &sig))
+ return ((sig >= 0 && sig < NSIG) ? (int)sig : NO_SIG);
+
+ /* A leading `SIG' may be omitted. */
+ for (sig = 0; sig < BASH_NSIG; sig++)
+ {
+ name = signal_names[sig];
+ if (name == 0 || name[0] == '\0')
+ continue;
+
+ /* Check name without the SIG prefix first case sensitively or
+ insensitively depending on whether flags includes DSIG_NOCASE */
+ if (STREQN (name, "SIG", 3))
+ {
+ name += 3;
+
+ if ((flags & DSIG_NOCASE) && strcasecmp (string, name) == 0)
+ return ((int)sig);
+ else if ((flags & DSIG_NOCASE) == 0 && strcmp (string, name) == 0)
+ return ((int)sig);
+ /* If we can't use the `SIG' prefix to match, punt on this
+ name now. */
+ else if ((flags & DSIG_SIGPREFIX) == 0)
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ /* Check name with SIG prefix case sensitively or insensitively
+ depending on whether flags includes DSIG_NOCASE */
+ name = signal_names[sig];
+ if ((flags & DSIG_NOCASE) && strcasecmp (string, name) == 0)
+ return ((int)sig);
+ else if ((flags & DSIG_NOCASE) == 0 && strcmp (string, name) == 0)
+ return ((int)sig);
+ }
+
+ return (NO_SIG);
+}
+
+/* Non-zero when we catch a trapped signal. */
+static int catch_flag;
+
+void
+run_pending_traps ()
+{
+ register int sig;
+ int old_exit_value;
+ WORD_LIST *save_subst_varlist;
+ sh_parser_state_t pstate;
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ ARRAY *ps;
+#endif
+
+ if (catch_flag == 0) /* simple optimization */
+ return;
+
+ if (running_trap > 0)
+ {
+#if defined (DEBUG)
+ internal_warning ("run_pending_traps: recursive invocation while running trap for signal %d", running_trap-1);
+#endif
+#if 0
+ return; /* no recursive trap invocations */
+#else
+ ;
+#endif
+ }
+
+ catch_flag = trapped_signal_received = 0;
+
+ /* Preserve $? when running trap. */
+ trap_saved_exit_value = old_exit_value = last_command_exit_value;
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ ps = save_pipestatus_array ();
+#endif
+
+ for (sig = 1; sig < NSIG; sig++)
+ {
+ /* XXX this could be made into a counter by using
+ while (pending_traps[sig]--) instead of the if statement. */
+ if (pending_traps[sig])
+ {
+ if (running_trap == sig+1)
+ /*continue*/;
+
+ running_trap = sig + 1;
+
+ if (sig == SIGINT)
+ {
+ pending_traps[sig] = 0; /* XXX */
+ run_interrupt_trap ();
+ CLRINTERRUPT;
+ }
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL) && defined (SIGCHLD)
+ else if (sig == SIGCHLD &&
+ trap_list[SIGCHLD] != (char *)IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER &&
+ (sigmodes[SIGCHLD] & SIG_INPROGRESS) == 0)
+ {
+ sigmodes[SIGCHLD] |= SIG_INPROGRESS;
+ run_sigchld_trap (pending_traps[sig]); /* use as counter */
+ sigmodes[SIGCHLD] &= ~SIG_INPROGRESS;
+ }
+ else if (sig == SIGCHLD &&
+ trap_list[SIGCHLD] == (char *)IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER &&
+ (sigmodes[SIGCHLD] & SIG_INPROGRESS) != 0)
+ {
+ /* This can happen when run_pending_traps is called while
+ running a SIGCHLD trap handler. */
+ running_trap = 0;
+ /* want to leave pending_traps[SIGCHLD] alone here */
+ continue; /* XXX */
+ }
+ else if (sig == SIGCHLD && (sigmodes[SIGCHLD] & SIG_INPROGRESS))
+ {
+ /* whoops -- print warning? */
+ running_trap = 0; /* XXX */
+ /* want to leave pending_traps[SIGCHLD] alone here */
+ continue;
+ }
+#endif
+ else if (trap_list[sig] == (char *)DEFAULT_SIG ||
+ trap_list[sig] == (char *)IGNORE_SIG ||
+ trap_list[sig] == (char *)IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER)
+ {
+ /* This is possible due to a race condition. Say a bash
+ process has SIGTERM trapped. A subshell is spawned
+ using { list; } & and the parent does something and kills
+ the subshell with SIGTERM. It's possible for the subshell
+ to set pending_traps[SIGTERM] to 1 before the code in
+ execute_cmd.c eventually calls restore_original_signals
+ to reset the SIGTERM signal handler in the subshell. The
+ next time run_pending_traps is called, pending_traps[SIGTERM]
+ will be 1, but the trap handler in trap_list[SIGTERM] will
+ be invalid (probably DEFAULT_SIG, but it could be IGNORE_SIG).
+ Unless we catch this, the subshell will dump core when
+ trap_list[SIGTERM] == DEFAULT_SIG, because DEFAULT_SIG is
+ usually 0x0. */
+ internal_warning (_("run_pending_traps: bad value in trap_list[%d]: %p"),
+ sig, trap_list[sig]);
+ if (trap_list[sig] == (char *)DEFAULT_SIG)
+ {
+ internal_warning (_("run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"), sig, signal_name (sig));
+ kill (getpid (), sig);
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* XXX - should we use save_parser_state/restore_parser_state? */
+ save_parser_state (&pstate);
+ save_subst_varlist = subst_assign_varlist;
+ subst_assign_varlist = 0;
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ save_pipeline (1); /* XXX only provides one save level */
+#endif
+ /* XXX - set pending_traps[sig] = 0 here? */
+ pending_traps[sig] = 0;
+ evalstring (savestring (trap_list[sig]), "trap", SEVAL_NONINT|SEVAL_NOHIST|SEVAL_RESETLINE);
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ restore_pipeline (1);
+#endif
+
+ subst_assign_varlist = save_subst_varlist;
+ restore_parser_state (&pstate);
+ }
+
+ pending_traps[sig] = 0; /* XXX - move before evalstring? */
+ running_trap = 0;
+ }
+ }
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ restore_pipestatus_array (ps);
+#endif
+ last_command_exit_value = old_exit_value;
+}
+
+sighandler
+trap_handler (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ int oerrno;
+
+ if ((sigmodes[sig] & SIG_TRAPPED) == 0)
+ {
+#if defined (DEBUG)
+ internal_warning ("trap_handler: signal %d: signal not trapped", sig);
+#endif
+ SIGRETURN (0);
+ }
+
+ if ((sig >= NSIG) ||
+ (trap_list[sig] == (char *)DEFAULT_SIG) ||
+ (trap_list[sig] == (char *)IGNORE_SIG))
+ programming_error (_("trap_handler: bad signal %d"), sig);
+ else
+ {
+ oerrno = errno;
+#if defined (MUST_REINSTALL_SIGHANDLERS)
+# if defined (JOB_CONTROL) && defined (SIGCHLD)
+ if (sig != SIGCHLD)
+# endif /* JOB_CONTROL && SIGCHLD */
+ set_signal_handler (sig, trap_handler);
+#endif /* MUST_REINSTALL_SIGHANDLERS */
+
+ catch_flag = 1;
+ pending_traps[sig]++;
+
+ trapped_signal_received = sig;
+
+ if (this_shell_builtin && (this_shell_builtin == wait_builtin))
+ {
+ wait_signal_received = sig;
+ if (interrupt_immediately)
+ longjmp (wait_intr_buf, 1);
+ }
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+ /* Set the event hook so readline will call it after the signal handlers
+ finish executing, so if this interrupted character input we can get
+ quick response. */
+ if (RL_ISSTATE (RL_STATE_SIGHANDLER) && interrupt_immediately == 0)
+ bashline_set_event_hook ();
+#endif
+
+ if (interrupt_immediately)
+ run_pending_traps ();
+
+ errno = oerrno;
+ }
+
+ SIGRETURN (0);
+}
+
+int
+first_pending_trap ()
+{
+ register int i;
+
+ for (i = 1; i < NSIG; i++)
+ if (pending_traps[i])
+ return i;
+ return -1;
+}
+
+int
+any_signals_trapped ()
+{
+ register int i;
+
+ for (i = 1; i < NSIG; i++)
+ if (sigmodes[i] & SIG_TRAPPED)
+ return i;
+ return -1;
+}
+
+void
+check_signals ()
+{
+ CHECK_ALRM; /* set by the read builtin */
+ QUIT;
+}
+
+/* Convenience functions the rest of the shell can use */
+void
+check_signals_and_traps ()
+{
+ check_signals ();
+
+ run_pending_traps ();
+}
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL) && defined (SIGCHLD)
+
+#ifdef INCLUDE_UNUSED
+/* Make COMMAND_STRING be executed when SIGCHLD is caught. */
+void
+set_sigchld_trap (command_string)
+ char *command_string;
+{
+ set_signal (SIGCHLD, command_string);
+}
+#endif
+
+/* Make COMMAND_STRING be executed when SIGCHLD is caught iff SIGCHLD
+ is not already trapped. IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER is used as a sentinel
+ to make sure that a SIGCHLD trap handler run via run_sigchld_trap can
+ reset the disposition to the default and not have the original signal
+ accidentally restored, undoing the user's command. */
+void
+maybe_set_sigchld_trap (command_string)
+ char *command_string;
+{
+ if ((sigmodes[SIGCHLD] & SIG_TRAPPED) == 0 && trap_list[SIGCHLD] == (char *)IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER)
+ set_signal (SIGCHLD, command_string);
+}
+
+/* Temporarily set the SIGCHLD trap string to IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER. Used
+ as a sentinel in run_sigchld_trap and maybe_set_sigchld_trap to see whether
+ or not a SIGCHLD trap handler reset SIGCHLD disposition to the default. */
+void
+set_impossible_sigchld_trap ()
+{
+ restore_default_signal (SIGCHLD);
+ change_signal (SIGCHLD, (char *)IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER);
+ sigmodes[SIGCHLD] &= ~SIG_TRAPPED; /* maybe_set_sigchld_trap checks this */
+}
+
+/* Act as if we received SIGCHLD NCHILD times and increment
+ pending_traps[SIGCHLD] by that amount. This allows us to still run the
+ SIGCHLD trap once for each exited child. */
+void
+queue_sigchld_trap (nchild)
+ int nchild;
+{
+ if (nchild > 0)
+ {
+ catch_flag = 1;
+ pending_traps[SIGCHLD] += nchild;
+ trapped_signal_received = SIGCHLD;
+ }
+}
+#endif /* JOB_CONTROL && SIGCHLD */
+
+void
+set_debug_trap (command)
+ char *command;
+{
+ set_signal (DEBUG_TRAP, command);
+}
+
+void
+set_error_trap (command)
+ char *command;
+{
+ set_signal (ERROR_TRAP, command);
+}
+
+void
+set_return_trap (command)
+ char *command;
+{
+ set_signal (RETURN_TRAP, command);
+}
+
+#ifdef INCLUDE_UNUSED
+void
+set_sigint_trap (command)
+ char *command;
+{
+ set_signal (SIGINT, command);
+}
+#endif
+
+/* Reset the SIGINT handler so that subshells that are doing `shellsy'
+ things, like waiting for command substitution or executing commands
+ in explicit subshells ( ( cmd ) ), can catch interrupts properly. */
+SigHandler *
+set_sigint_handler ()
+{
+ if (sigmodes[SIGINT] & SIG_HARD_IGNORE)
+ return ((SigHandler *)SIG_IGN);
+
+ else if (sigmodes[SIGINT] & SIG_IGNORED)
+ return ((SigHandler *)set_signal_handler (SIGINT, SIG_IGN)); /* XXX */
+
+ else if (sigmodes[SIGINT] & SIG_TRAPPED)
+ return ((SigHandler *)set_signal_handler (SIGINT, trap_handler));
+
+ /* The signal is not trapped, so set the handler to the shell's special
+ interrupt handler. */
+ else if (interactive) /* XXX - was interactive_shell */
+ return (set_signal_handler (SIGINT, sigint_sighandler));
+ else
+ return (set_signal_handler (SIGINT, termsig_sighandler));
+}
+
+/* Return the correct handler for signal SIG according to the values in
+ sigmodes[SIG]. */
+SigHandler *
+trap_to_sighandler (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ if (sigmodes[sig] & (SIG_IGNORED|SIG_HARD_IGNORE))
+ return (SIG_IGN);
+ else if (sigmodes[sig] & SIG_TRAPPED)
+ return (trap_handler);
+ else
+ return (SIG_DFL);
+}
+
+/* Set SIG to call STRING as a command. */
+void
+set_signal (sig, string)
+ int sig;
+ char *string;
+{
+ sigset_t set, oset;
+
+ if (SPECIAL_TRAP (sig))
+ {
+ change_signal (sig, savestring (string));
+ if (sig == EXIT_TRAP && interactive == 0)
+ initialize_terminating_signals ();
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* A signal ignored on entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset, but
+ no error is reported when attempting to do so. -- Posix.2 */
+ if (sigmodes[sig] & SIG_HARD_IGNORE)
+ return;
+
+ /* Make sure we have original_signals[sig] if the signal has not yet
+ been trapped. */
+ if ((sigmodes[sig] & SIG_TRAPPED) == 0)
+ {
+ /* If we aren't sure of the original value, check it. */
+ if (original_signals[sig] == IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER)
+ GETORIGSIG (sig);
+ if (original_signals[sig] == SIG_IGN)
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* Only change the system signal handler if SIG_NO_TRAP is not set.
+ The trap command string is changed in either case. The shell signal
+ handlers for SIGINT and SIGCHLD run the user specified traps in an
+ environment in which it is safe to do so. */
+ if ((sigmodes[sig] & SIG_NO_TRAP) == 0)
+ {
+ BLOCK_SIGNAL (sig, set, oset);
+ change_signal (sig, savestring (string));
+ set_signal_handler (sig, trap_handler);
+ UNBLOCK_SIGNAL (oset);
+ }
+ else
+ change_signal (sig, savestring (string));
+}
+
+static void
+free_trap_command (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ if ((sigmodes[sig] & SIG_TRAPPED) && trap_list[sig] &&
+ (trap_list[sig] != (char *)IGNORE_SIG) &&
+ (trap_list[sig] != (char *)DEFAULT_SIG) &&
+ (trap_list[sig] != (char *)IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER))
+ free (trap_list[sig]);
+}
+
+/* If SIG has a string assigned to it, get rid of it. Then give it
+ VALUE. */
+static void
+change_signal (sig, value)
+ int sig;
+ char *value;
+{
+ if ((sigmodes[sig] & SIG_INPROGRESS) == 0)
+ free_trap_command (sig);
+ trap_list[sig] = value;
+
+ sigmodes[sig] |= SIG_TRAPPED;
+ if (value == (char *)IGNORE_SIG)
+ sigmodes[sig] |= SIG_IGNORED;
+ else
+ sigmodes[sig] &= ~SIG_IGNORED;
+ if (sigmodes[sig] & SIG_INPROGRESS)
+ sigmodes[sig] |= SIG_CHANGED;
+}
+
+void
+get_original_signal (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ /* If we aren't sure the of the original value, then get it. */
+ if (sig > 0 && sig < NSIG && original_signals[sig] == (SigHandler *)IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER)
+ GETORIGSIG (sig);
+}
+
+void
+get_all_original_signals ()
+{
+ register int i;
+
+ for (i = 1; i < NSIG; i++)
+ GET_ORIGINAL_SIGNAL (i);
+}
+
+void
+set_original_signal (sig, handler)
+ int sig;
+ SigHandler *handler;
+{
+ if (sig > 0 && sig < NSIG && original_signals[sig] == (SigHandler *)IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER)
+ SETORIGSIG (sig, handler);
+}
+
+/* Restore the default action for SIG; i.e., the action the shell
+ would have taken before you used the trap command. This is called
+ from trap_builtin (), which takes care to restore the handlers for
+ the signals the shell treats specially. */
+void
+restore_default_signal (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ if (SPECIAL_TRAP (sig))
+ {
+ if ((sig != DEBUG_TRAP && sig != ERROR_TRAP && sig != RETURN_TRAP) ||
+ (sigmodes[sig] & SIG_INPROGRESS) == 0)
+ free_trap_command (sig);
+ trap_list[sig] = (char *)NULL;
+ sigmodes[sig] &= ~SIG_TRAPPED;
+ if (sigmodes[sig] & SIG_INPROGRESS)
+ sigmodes[sig] |= SIG_CHANGED;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ GET_ORIGINAL_SIGNAL (sig);
+
+ /* A signal ignored on entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset, but
+ no error is reported when attempting to do so. Thanks Posix.2. */
+ if (sigmodes[sig] & SIG_HARD_IGNORE)
+ return;
+
+ /* If we aren't trapping this signal, don't bother doing anything else. */
+ /* We special-case SIGCHLD and IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER (see above) as a
+ sentinel to determine whether or not disposition is reset to the default
+ while the trap handler is executing. */
+ if (((sigmodes[sig] & SIG_TRAPPED) == 0) &&
+ (sig != SIGCHLD || (sigmodes[sig] & SIG_INPROGRESS) == 0 || trap_list[sig] != (char *)IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER))
+ return;
+
+ /* Only change the signal handler for SIG if it allows it. */
+ if ((sigmodes[sig] & SIG_NO_TRAP) == 0)
+ set_signal_handler (sig, original_signals[sig]);
+
+ /* Change the trap command in either case. */
+ change_signal (sig, (char *)DEFAULT_SIG);
+
+ /* Mark the signal as no longer trapped. */
+ sigmodes[sig] &= ~SIG_TRAPPED;
+}
+
+/* Make this signal be ignored. */
+void
+ignore_signal (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ if (SPECIAL_TRAP (sig) && ((sigmodes[sig] & SIG_IGNORED) == 0))
+ {
+ change_signal (sig, (char *)IGNORE_SIG);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ GET_ORIGINAL_SIGNAL (sig);
+
+ /* A signal ignored on entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.
+ No error is reported when the user attempts to do so. */
+ if (sigmodes[sig] & SIG_HARD_IGNORE)
+ return;
+
+ /* If already trapped and ignored, no change necessary. */
+ if (sigmodes[sig] & SIG_IGNORED)
+ return;
+
+ /* Only change the signal handler for SIG if it allows it. */
+ if ((sigmodes[sig] & SIG_NO_TRAP) == 0)
+ set_signal_handler (sig, SIG_IGN);
+
+ /* Change the trap command in either case. */
+ change_signal (sig, (char *)IGNORE_SIG);
+}
+
+/* Handle the calling of "trap 0". The only sticky situation is when
+ the command to be executed includes an "exit". This is why we have
+ to provide our own place for top_level to jump to. */
+int
+run_exit_trap ()
+{
+ char *trap_command;
+ int code, function_code, retval;
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ ARRAY *ps;
+#endif
+
+ trap_saved_exit_value = last_command_exit_value;
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ ps = save_pipestatus_array ();
+#endif
+ function_code = 0;
+
+ /* Run the trap only if signal 0 is trapped and not ignored, and we are not
+ currently running in the trap handler (call to exit in the list of
+ commands given to trap 0). */
+ if ((sigmodes[EXIT_TRAP] & SIG_TRAPPED) &&
+ (sigmodes[EXIT_TRAP] & (SIG_IGNORED|SIG_INPROGRESS)) == 0)
+ {
+ trap_command = savestring (trap_list[EXIT_TRAP]);
+ sigmodes[EXIT_TRAP] &= ~SIG_TRAPPED;
+ sigmodes[EXIT_TRAP] |= SIG_INPROGRESS;
+
+ retval = trap_saved_exit_value;
+ running_trap = 1;
+
+ code = setjmp_nosigs (top_level);
+
+ /* If we're in a function, make sure return longjmps come here, too. */
+ if (return_catch_flag)
+ function_code = setjmp_nosigs (return_catch);
+
+ if (code == 0 && function_code == 0)
+ {
+ reset_parser ();
+ parse_and_execute (trap_command, "exit trap", SEVAL_NONINT|SEVAL_NOHIST|SEVAL_RESETLINE);
+ }
+ else if (code == ERREXIT)
+ retval = last_command_exit_value;
+ else if (code == EXITPROG)
+ retval = last_command_exit_value;
+ else if (function_code != 0)
+ retval = return_catch_value;
+ else
+ retval = trap_saved_exit_value;
+
+ running_trap = 0;
+ array_dispose (ps);
+
+ return retval;
+ }
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ restore_pipestatus_array (ps);
+#endif
+ return (trap_saved_exit_value);
+}
+
+void
+run_trap_cleanup (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ sigmodes[sig] &= ~(SIG_INPROGRESS|SIG_CHANGED);
+}
+
+#define RECURSIVE_SIG(s) (SPECIAL_TRAP(s) == 0)
+
+/* Run a trap command for SIG. SIG is one of the signals the shell treats
+ specially. Returns the exit status of the executed trap command list. */
+static int
+_run_trap_internal (sig, tag)
+ int sig;
+ char *tag;
+{
+ char *trap_command, *old_trap;
+ int trap_exit_value, *token_state;
+ volatile int save_return_catch_flag, function_code;
+ int flags;
+ procenv_t save_return_catch;
+ WORD_LIST *save_subst_varlist;
+ sh_parser_state_t pstate;
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ ARRAY *ps;
+#endif
+
+ trap_exit_value = function_code = 0;
+ trap_saved_exit_value = last_command_exit_value;
+ /* Run the trap only if SIG is trapped and not ignored, and we are not
+ currently executing in the trap handler. */
+ if ((sigmodes[sig] & SIG_TRAPPED) && ((sigmodes[sig] & SIG_IGNORED) == 0) &&
+ (trap_list[sig] != (char *)IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER) &&
+#if 0
+ /* Uncomment this to allow some special signals to recursively execute
+ trap handlers. */
+ (RECURSIVE_SIG (sig) || (sigmodes[sig] & SIG_INPROGRESS) == 0))
+#else
+ ((sigmodes[sig] & SIG_INPROGRESS) == 0))
+#endif
+ {
+ old_trap = trap_list[sig];
+ sigmodes[sig] |= SIG_INPROGRESS;
+ sigmodes[sig] &= ~SIG_CHANGED; /* just to be sure */
+ trap_command = savestring (old_trap);
+
+ running_trap = sig + 1;
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ ps = save_pipestatus_array ();
+#endif
+
+ save_parser_state (&pstate);
+ save_subst_varlist = subst_assign_varlist;
+ subst_assign_varlist = 0;
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ if (sig != DEBUG_TRAP) /* run_debug_trap does this */
+ save_pipeline (1); /* XXX only provides one save level */
+#endif
+
+ /* If we're in a function, make sure return longjmps come here, too. */
+ save_return_catch_flag = return_catch_flag;
+ if (return_catch_flag)
+ {
+ COPY_PROCENV (return_catch, save_return_catch);
+ function_code = setjmp_nosigs (return_catch);
+ }
+
+ flags = SEVAL_NONINT|SEVAL_NOHIST;
+ if (sig != DEBUG_TRAP && sig != RETURN_TRAP && sig != ERROR_TRAP)
+ flags |= SEVAL_RESETLINE;
+ if (function_code == 0)
+ parse_and_execute (trap_command, tag, flags);
+
+ trap_exit_value = last_command_exit_value;
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ if (sig != DEBUG_TRAP) /* run_debug_trap does this */
+ restore_pipeline (1);
+#endif
+
+ subst_assign_varlist = save_subst_varlist;
+ restore_parser_state (&pstate);
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ restore_pipestatus_array (ps);
+#endif
+
+ running_trap = 0;
+ sigmodes[sig] &= ~SIG_INPROGRESS;
+
+ if (sigmodes[sig] & SIG_CHANGED)
+ {
+#if 0
+ /* Special traps like EXIT, DEBUG, RETURN are handled explicitly in
+ the places where they can be changed using unwind-protects. For
+ example, look at execute_cmd.c:execute_function(). */
+ if (SPECIAL_TRAP (sig) == 0)
+#endif
+ free (old_trap);
+ sigmodes[sig] &= ~SIG_CHANGED;
+ }
+
+ if (save_return_catch_flag)
+ {
+ return_catch_flag = save_return_catch_flag;
+ return_catch_value = trap_exit_value;
+ COPY_PROCENV (save_return_catch, return_catch);
+ if (function_code)
+ {
+#if 0
+ from_return_trap = sig == RETURN_TRAP;
+#endif
+ longjmp (return_catch, 1);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ return trap_exit_value;
+}
+
+int
+run_debug_trap ()
+{
+ int trap_exit_value;
+ pid_t save_pgrp;
+ int save_pipe[2];
+
+ /* XXX - question: should the DEBUG trap inherit the RETURN trap? */
+ trap_exit_value = 0;
+ if ((sigmodes[DEBUG_TRAP] & SIG_TRAPPED) && ((sigmodes[DEBUG_TRAP] & SIG_IGNORED) == 0) && ((sigmodes[DEBUG_TRAP] & SIG_INPROGRESS) == 0))
+ {
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ save_pgrp = pipeline_pgrp;
+ pipeline_pgrp = 0;
+ save_pipeline (1);
+# if defined (PGRP_PIPE)
+ save_pgrp_pipe (save_pipe, 1);
+# endif
+ stop_making_children ();
+#endif
+
+ trap_exit_value = _run_trap_internal (DEBUG_TRAP, "debug trap");
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ pipeline_pgrp = save_pgrp;
+ restore_pipeline (1);
+# if defined (PGRP_PIPE)
+ close_pgrp_pipe ();
+ restore_pgrp_pipe (save_pipe);
+# endif
+ if (pipeline_pgrp > 0)
+ give_terminal_to (pipeline_pgrp, 1);
+ notify_and_cleanup ();
+#endif
+
+#if defined (DEBUGGER)
+ /* If we're in the debugger and the DEBUG trap returns 2 while we're in
+ a function or sourced script, we force a `return'. */
+ if (debugging_mode && trap_exit_value == 2 && return_catch_flag)
+ {
+ return_catch_value = trap_exit_value;
+ longjmp (return_catch, 1);
+ }
+#endif
+ }
+ return trap_exit_value;
+}
+
+void
+run_error_trap ()
+{
+ if ((sigmodes[ERROR_TRAP] & SIG_TRAPPED) && ((sigmodes[ERROR_TRAP] & SIG_IGNORED) == 0) && (sigmodes[ERROR_TRAP] & SIG_INPROGRESS) == 0)
+ _run_trap_internal (ERROR_TRAP, "error trap");
+}
+
+void
+run_return_trap ()
+{
+ int old_exit_value;
+
+#if 0
+ if ((sigmodes[DEBUG_TRAP] & SIG_TRAPPED) && (sigmodes[DEBUG_TRAP] & SIG_INPROGRESS))
+ return;
+#endif
+
+ if ((sigmodes[RETURN_TRAP] & SIG_TRAPPED) && ((sigmodes[RETURN_TRAP] & SIG_IGNORED) == 0) && (sigmodes[RETURN_TRAP] & SIG_INPROGRESS) == 0)
+ {
+ old_exit_value = last_command_exit_value;
+ _run_trap_internal (RETURN_TRAP, "return trap");
+ last_command_exit_value = old_exit_value;
+ }
+}
+
+/* Run a trap set on SIGINT. This is called from throw_to_top_level (), and
+ declared here to localize the trap functions. */
+void
+run_interrupt_trap ()
+{
+ _run_trap_internal (SIGINT, "interrupt trap");
+}
+
+/* Free all the allocated strings in the list of traps and reset the trap
+ values to the default. Intended to be called from subshells that want
+ to complete work done by reset_signal_handlers upon execution of a
+ subsequent `trap' command that changes a signal's disposition. We need
+ to make sure that we duplicate the behavior of
+ reset_or_restore_signal_handlers and not change the disposition of signals
+ that are set to be ignored. */
+void
+free_trap_strings ()
+{
+ register int i;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < BASH_NSIG; i++)
+ {
+ if (trap_list[i] != (char *)IGNORE_SIG)
+ free_trap_string (i);
+ }
+ trap_list[DEBUG_TRAP] = trap_list[EXIT_TRAP] = trap_list[ERROR_TRAP] = trap_list[RETURN_TRAP] = (char *)NULL;
+}
+
+/* Free a trap command string associated with SIG without changing signal
+ disposition. Intended to be called from free_trap_strings() */
+static void
+free_trap_string (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ change_signal (sig, (char *)DEFAULT_SIG);
+ sigmodes[sig] &= ~SIG_TRAPPED;
+}
+
+/* Reset the handler for SIG to the original value but leave the trap string
+ in place. */
+static void
+reset_signal (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ set_signal_handler (sig, original_signals[sig]);
+ sigmodes[sig] &= ~SIG_TRAPPED;
+}
+
+/* Set the handler signal SIG to the original and free any trap
+ command associated with it. */
+static void
+restore_signal (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ set_signal_handler (sig, original_signals[sig]);
+ change_signal (sig, (char *)DEFAULT_SIG);
+ sigmodes[sig] &= ~SIG_TRAPPED;
+}
+
+static void
+reset_or_restore_signal_handlers (reset)
+ sh_resetsig_func_t *reset;
+{
+ register int i;
+
+ /* Take care of the exit trap first */
+ if (sigmodes[EXIT_TRAP] & SIG_TRAPPED)
+ {
+ sigmodes[EXIT_TRAP] &= ~SIG_TRAPPED;
+ if (reset != reset_signal)
+ {
+ free_trap_command (EXIT_TRAP);
+ trap_list[EXIT_TRAP] = (char *)NULL;
+ }
+ }
+
+ for (i = 1; i < NSIG; i++)
+ {
+ if (sigmodes[i] & SIG_TRAPPED)
+ {
+ if (trap_list[i] == (char *)IGNORE_SIG)
+ set_signal_handler (i, SIG_IGN);
+ else
+ (*reset) (i);
+ }
+ else if (sigmodes[i] & SIG_SPECIAL)
+ (*reset) (i);
+ }
+
+ /* Command substitution and other child processes don't inherit the
+ debug, error, or return traps. If we're in the debugger, and the
+ `functrace' or `errtrace' options have been set, then let command
+ substitutions inherit them. Let command substitution inherit the
+ RETURN trap if we're in the debugger and tracing functions. */
+ if (function_trace_mode == 0)
+ {
+ sigmodes[DEBUG_TRAP] &= ~SIG_TRAPPED;
+ sigmodes[RETURN_TRAP] &= ~SIG_TRAPPED;
+ }
+ if (error_trace_mode == 0)
+ sigmodes[ERROR_TRAP] &= ~SIG_TRAPPED;
+}
+
+/* Reset trapped signals to their original values, but don't free the
+ trap strings. Called by the command substitution code and other places
+ that create a "subshell environment". */
+void
+reset_signal_handlers ()
+{
+ reset_or_restore_signal_handlers (reset_signal);
+}
+
+/* Reset all trapped signals to their original values. Signals set to be
+ ignored with trap '' SIGNAL should be ignored, so we make sure that they
+ are. Called by child processes after they are forked. */
+void
+restore_original_signals ()
+{
+ reset_or_restore_signal_handlers (restore_signal);
+}
+
+/* If a trap handler exists for signal SIG, then call it; otherwise just
+ return failure. Returns 1 if it called the trap handler. */
+int
+maybe_call_trap_handler (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ /* Call the trap handler for SIG if the signal is trapped and not ignored. */
+ if ((sigmodes[sig] & SIG_TRAPPED) && ((sigmodes[sig] & SIG_IGNORED) == 0))
+ {
+ switch (sig)
+ {
+ case SIGINT:
+ run_interrupt_trap ();
+ break;
+ case EXIT_TRAP:
+ run_exit_trap ();
+ break;
+ case DEBUG_TRAP:
+ run_debug_trap ();
+ break;
+ case ERROR_TRAP:
+ run_error_trap ();
+ break;
+ default:
+ trap_handler (sig);
+ break;
+ }
+ return (1);
+ }
+ else
+ return (0);
+}
+
+int
+signal_is_trapped (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ return (sigmodes[sig] & SIG_TRAPPED);
+}
+
+int
+signal_is_pending (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ return (pending_traps[sig]);
+}
+
+int
+signal_is_special (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ return (sigmodes[sig] & SIG_SPECIAL);
+}
+
+int
+signal_is_ignored (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ return (sigmodes[sig] & SIG_IGNORED);
+}
+
+int
+signal_is_hard_ignored (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ return (sigmodes[sig] & SIG_HARD_IGNORE);
+}
+
+void
+set_signal_hard_ignored (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ sigmodes[sig] |= SIG_HARD_IGNORE;
+ original_signals[sig] = SIG_IGN;
+}
+
+void
+set_signal_ignored (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ original_signals[sig] = SIG_IGN;
+}
+
+int
+signal_in_progress (sig)
+ int sig;
+{
+ return (sigmodes[sig] & SIG_INPROGRESS);
+}
/* variables.c -- Functions for hacking shell variables. */
-/* Copyright (C) 1987-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Copyright (C) 1987-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
#define ifsname(s) ((s)[0] == 'I' && (s)[1] == 'F' && (s)[2] == 'S' && (s)[3] == '\0')
+#define BASHFUNC_PREFIX "BASH_FUNC_"
+#define BASHFUNC_PREFLEN 10 /* == strlen(BASHFUNC_PREFIX */
+#define BASHFUNC_SUFFIX "%%"
+#define BASHFUNC_SUFFLEN 2 /* == strlen(BASHFUNC_SUFFIX) */
+
/* flags for find_variable_internal */
#define FV_FORCETEMPENV 0x01
static void propagate_temp_var __P((PTR_T));
static void dispose_temporary_env __P((sh_free_func_t *));
-static inline char *mk_env_string __P((const char *, const char *));
+static inline char *mk_env_string __P((const char *, const char *, int));
static char **make_env_array_from_var_list __P((SHELL_VAR **));
static char **make_var_export_array __P((VAR_CONTEXT *));
static char **make_func_export_array __P((void));
/* If exported function, define it now. Don't import functions from
the environment in privileged mode. */
- if (privmode == 0 && read_but_dont_execute == 0 && STREQN ("() {", string, 4))
+ if (privmode == 0 && read_but_dont_execute == 0 &&
+ STREQN (BASHFUNC_PREFIX, name, BASHFUNC_PREFLEN) &&
+ STREQ (BASHFUNC_SUFFIX, name + char_index - BASHFUNC_SUFFLEN) &&
+ STREQN ("() {", string, 4))
{
+ size_t namelen;
+ char *tname; /* desired imported function name */
+
+ namelen = char_index - BASHFUNC_PREFLEN - BASHFUNC_SUFFLEN;
+
+ tname = name + BASHFUNC_PREFLEN; /* start of func name */
+ tname[namelen] = '\0'; /* now tname == func name */
+
string_length = strlen (string);
- temp_string = (char *)xmalloc (3 + string_length + char_index);
+ temp_string = (char *)xmalloc (namelen + string_length + 2);
- strcpy (temp_string, name);
- temp_string[char_index] = ' ';
- strcpy (temp_string + char_index + 1, string);
+ memcpy (temp_string, tname, namelen);
+ temp_string[namelen] = ' ';
+ memcpy (temp_string + namelen + 1, string, string_length + 1);
/* Don't import function names that are invalid identifiers from the
environment, though we still allow them to be defined as shell
variables. */
- if (legal_identifier (name))
- parse_and_execute (temp_string, name, SEVAL_NONINT|SEVAL_NOHIST|SEVAL_FUNCDEF|SEVAL_ONECMD);
+ if (absolute_program (tname) == 0 && (posixly_correct == 0 || legal_identifier (tname)))
+ parse_and_execute (temp_string, tname, SEVAL_NONINT|SEVAL_NOHIST|SEVAL_FUNCDEF|SEVAL_ONECMD);
- if (temp_var = find_function (name))
+ if (temp_var = find_function (tname))
{
VSETATTR (temp_var, (att_exported|att_imported));
array_needs_making = 1;
array_needs_making = 1;
}
last_command_exit_value = 1;
- report_error (_("error importing function definition for `%s'"), name);
+ report_error (_("error importing function definition for `%s'"), tname);
}
+
+ /* Restore original suffix */
+ tname[namelen] = BASHFUNC_SUFFIX[0];
}
#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
# if ARRAY_EXPORT
var->context = variable_context; /* XXX */
INVALIDATE_EXPORTSTR (var);
- var->exportstr = mk_env_string (name, value);
+ var->exportstr = mk_env_string (name, value, 0);
array_needs_making = 1;
/* **************************************************************** */
static inline char *
-mk_env_string (name, value)
+mk_env_string (name, value, isfunc)
const char *name, *value;
+ int isfunc;
{
- int name_len, value_len;
- char *p;
+ size_t name_len, value_len;
+ char *p, *q;
name_len = strlen (name);
value_len = STRLEN (value);
- p = (char *)xmalloc (2 + name_len + value_len);
- strcpy (p, name);
- p[name_len] = '=';
+
+ /* If we are exporting a shell function, construct the encoded function
+ name. */
+ if (isfunc && value)
+ {
+ p = (char *)xmalloc (BASHFUNC_PREFLEN + name_len + BASHFUNC_SUFFLEN + value_len + 2);
+ q = p;
+ memcpy (q, BASHFUNC_PREFIX, BASHFUNC_PREFLEN);
+ q += BASHFUNC_PREFLEN;
+ memcpy (q, name, name_len);
+ q += name_len;
+ memcpy (q, BASHFUNC_SUFFIX, BASHFUNC_SUFFLEN);
+ q += BASHFUNC_SUFFLEN;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ p = (char *)xmalloc (2 + name_len + value_len);
+ memcpy (p, name, name_len);
+ q = p + name_len;
+ }
+
+ q[0] = '=';
if (value && *value)
- strcpy (p + name_len + 1, value);
+ memcpy (q + 1, value, value_len + 1);
else
- p[name_len + 1] = '\0';
+ q[1] = '\0';
+
return (p);
}
/* Gee, I'd like to get away with not using savestring() if we're
using the cached exportstr... */
list[list_index] = USE_EXPORTSTR ? savestring (value)
- : mk_env_string (var->name, value);
+ : mk_env_string (var->name, value, function_p (var));
if (USE_EXPORTSTR == 0)
SAVE_EXPORTSTR (var, list[list_index]);
--- /dev/null
+/* variables.c -- Functions for hacking shell variables. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1987-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ (at your option) any later version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+#include "bashtypes.h"
+#include "posixstat.h"
+#include "posixtime.h"
+
+#if defined (__QNX__)
+# if defined (__QNXNTO__)
+# include <sys/netmgr.h>
+# else
+# include <sys/vc.h>
+# endif /* !__QNXNTO__ */
+#endif /* __QNX__ */
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "chartypes.h"
+#if defined (HAVE_PWD_H)
+# include <pwd.h>
+#endif
+#include "bashansi.h"
+#include "bashintl.h"
+
+#define NEED_XTRACE_SET_DECL
+
+#include "shell.h"
+#include "flags.h"
+#include "execute_cmd.h"
+#include "findcmd.h"
+#include "mailcheck.h"
+#include "input.h"
+#include "hashcmd.h"
+#include "pathexp.h"
+#include "alias.h"
+#include "jobs.h"
+
+#include "version.h"
+
+#include "builtins/getopt.h"
+#include "builtins/common.h"
+#include "builtins/builtext.h"
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+# include "bashline.h"
+# include <readline/readline.h>
+#else
+# include <tilde/tilde.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HISTORY)
+# include "bashhist.h"
+# include <readline/history.h>
+#endif /* HISTORY */
+
+#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
+# include "pcomplete.h"
+#endif
+
+#define TEMPENV_HASH_BUCKETS 4 /* must be power of two */
+
+#define ifsname(s) ((s)[0] == 'I' && (s)[1] == 'F' && (s)[2] == 'S' && (s)[3] == '\0')
+
+#define BASHFUNC_PREFIX "BASH_FUNC_"
+#define BASHFUNC_PREFLEN 10 /* == strlen(BASHFUNC_PREFIX */
+#define BASHFUNC_SUFFIX "()"
+#define BASHFUNC_SUFFLEN 2 /* == strlen(BASHFUNC_SUFFIX) */
+
+/* flags for find_variable_internal */
+
+#define FV_FORCETEMPENV 0x01
+#define FV_SKIPINVISIBLE 0x02
+
+extern char **environ;
+
+/* Variables used here and defined in other files. */
+extern int posixly_correct;
+extern int line_number, line_number_base;
+extern int subshell_environment, indirection_level, subshell_level;
+extern int build_version, patch_level;
+extern int expanding_redir;
+extern int last_command_exit_value;
+extern char *dist_version, *release_status;
+extern char *shell_name;
+extern char *primary_prompt, *secondary_prompt;
+extern char *current_host_name;
+extern sh_builtin_func_t *this_shell_builtin;
+extern SHELL_VAR *this_shell_function;
+extern char *the_printed_command_except_trap;
+extern char *this_command_name;
+extern char *command_execution_string;
+extern time_t shell_start_time;
+extern int assigning_in_environment;
+extern int executing_builtin;
+extern int funcnest_max;
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+extern int no_line_editing;
+extern int perform_hostname_completion;
+#endif
+
+/* The list of shell variables that the user has created at the global
+ scope, or that came from the environment. */
+VAR_CONTEXT *global_variables = (VAR_CONTEXT *)NULL;
+
+/* The current list of shell variables, including function scopes */
+VAR_CONTEXT *shell_variables = (VAR_CONTEXT *)NULL;
+
+/* The list of shell functions that the user has created, or that came from
+ the environment. */
+HASH_TABLE *shell_functions = (HASH_TABLE *)NULL;
+
+#if defined (DEBUGGER)
+/* The table of shell function definitions that the user defined or that
+ came from the environment. */
+HASH_TABLE *shell_function_defs = (HASH_TABLE *)NULL;
+#endif
+
+/* The current variable context. This is really a count of how deep into
+ executing functions we are. */
+int variable_context = 0;
+
+/* The set of shell assignments which are made only in the environment
+ for a single command. */
+HASH_TABLE *temporary_env = (HASH_TABLE *)NULL;
+
+/* Set to non-zero if an assignment error occurs while putting variables
+ into the temporary environment. */
+int tempenv_assign_error;
+
+/* Some funky variables which are known about specially. Here is where
+ "$*", "$1", and all the cruft is kept. */
+char *dollar_vars[10];
+WORD_LIST *rest_of_args = (WORD_LIST *)NULL;
+
+/* The value of $$. */
+pid_t dollar_dollar_pid;
+
+/* Non-zero means that we have to remake EXPORT_ENV. */
+int array_needs_making = 1;
+
+/* The number of times BASH has been executed. This is set
+ by initialize_variables (). */
+int shell_level = 0;
+
+/* An array which is passed to commands as their environment. It is
+ manufactured from the union of the initial environment and the
+ shell variables that are marked for export. */
+char **export_env = (char **)NULL;
+static int export_env_index;
+static int export_env_size;
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+static int winsize_assignment; /* currently assigning to LINES or COLUMNS */
+#endif
+
+static HASH_TABLE *last_table_searched; /* hash_lookup sets this */
+
+/* Some forward declarations. */
+static void create_variable_tables __P((void));
+
+static void set_machine_vars __P((void));
+static void set_home_var __P((void));
+static void set_shell_var __P((void));
+static char *get_bash_name __P((void));
+static void initialize_shell_level __P((void));
+static void uidset __P((void));
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+static void make_vers_array __P((void));
+#endif
+
+static SHELL_VAR *null_assign __P((SHELL_VAR *, char *, arrayind_t, char *));
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+static SHELL_VAR *null_array_assign __P((SHELL_VAR *, char *, arrayind_t, char *));
+#endif
+static SHELL_VAR *get_self __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+static SHELL_VAR *init_dynamic_array_var __P((char *, sh_var_value_func_t *, sh_var_assign_func_t *, int));
+static SHELL_VAR *init_dynamic_assoc_var __P((char *, sh_var_value_func_t *, sh_var_assign_func_t *, int));
+#endif
+
+static SHELL_VAR *assign_seconds __P((SHELL_VAR *, char *, arrayind_t, char *));
+static SHELL_VAR *get_seconds __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+static SHELL_VAR *init_seconds_var __P((void));
+
+static int brand __P((void));
+static void sbrand __P((unsigned long)); /* set bash random number generator. */
+static void seedrand __P((void)); /* seed generator randomly */
+static SHELL_VAR *assign_random __P((SHELL_VAR *, char *, arrayind_t, char *));
+static SHELL_VAR *get_random __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+
+static SHELL_VAR *assign_lineno __P((SHELL_VAR *, char *, arrayind_t, char *));
+static SHELL_VAR *get_lineno __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+
+static SHELL_VAR *assign_subshell __P((SHELL_VAR *, char *, arrayind_t, char *));
+static SHELL_VAR *get_subshell __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+
+static SHELL_VAR *get_bashpid __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+
+#if defined (HISTORY)
+static SHELL_VAR *get_histcmd __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+#endif
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+static SHELL_VAR *get_comp_wordbreaks __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+static SHELL_VAR *assign_comp_wordbreaks __P((SHELL_VAR *, char *, arrayind_t, char *));
+#endif
+
+#if defined (PUSHD_AND_POPD) && defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+static SHELL_VAR *assign_dirstack __P((SHELL_VAR *, char *, arrayind_t, char *));
+static SHELL_VAR *get_dirstack __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+#endif
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+static SHELL_VAR *get_groupset __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+
+static SHELL_VAR *build_hashcmd __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+static SHELL_VAR *get_hashcmd __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+static SHELL_VAR *assign_hashcmd __P((SHELL_VAR *, char *, arrayind_t, char *));
+# if defined (ALIAS)
+static SHELL_VAR *build_aliasvar __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+static SHELL_VAR *get_aliasvar __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+static SHELL_VAR *assign_aliasvar __P((SHELL_VAR *, char *, arrayind_t, char *));
+# endif
+#endif
+
+static SHELL_VAR *get_funcname __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+static SHELL_VAR *init_funcname_var __P((void));
+
+static void initialize_dynamic_variables __P((void));
+
+static SHELL_VAR *hash_lookup __P((const char *, HASH_TABLE *));
+static SHELL_VAR *new_shell_variable __P((const char *));
+static SHELL_VAR *make_new_variable __P((const char *, HASH_TABLE *));
+static SHELL_VAR *bind_variable_internal __P((const char *, char *, HASH_TABLE *, int, int));
+
+static void dispose_variable_value __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+static void free_variable_hash_data __P((PTR_T));
+
+static VARLIST *vlist_alloc __P((int));
+static VARLIST *vlist_realloc __P((VARLIST *, int));
+static void vlist_add __P((VARLIST *, SHELL_VAR *, int));
+
+static void flatten __P((HASH_TABLE *, sh_var_map_func_t *, VARLIST *, int));
+
+static int qsort_var_comp __P((SHELL_VAR **, SHELL_VAR **));
+
+static SHELL_VAR **vapply __P((sh_var_map_func_t *));
+static SHELL_VAR **fapply __P((sh_var_map_func_t *));
+
+static int visible_var __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+static int visible_and_exported __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+static int export_environment_candidate __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+static int local_and_exported __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+static int variable_in_context __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+static int visible_array_vars __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+#endif
+
+static SHELL_VAR *find_nameref_at_context __P((SHELL_VAR *, VAR_CONTEXT *));
+static SHELL_VAR *find_variable_nameref_context __P((SHELL_VAR *, VAR_CONTEXT *, VAR_CONTEXT **));
+static SHELL_VAR *find_variable_last_nameref_context __P((SHELL_VAR *, VAR_CONTEXT *, VAR_CONTEXT **));
+
+static SHELL_VAR *bind_tempenv_variable __P((const char *, char *));
+static void push_temp_var __P((PTR_T));
+static void propagate_temp_var __P((PTR_T));
+static void dispose_temporary_env __P((sh_free_func_t *));
+
+static inline char *mk_env_string __P((const char *, const char *, int));
+static char **make_env_array_from_var_list __P((SHELL_VAR **));
+static char **make_var_export_array __P((VAR_CONTEXT *));
+static char **make_func_export_array __P((void));
+static void add_temp_array_to_env __P((char **, int, int));
+
+static int n_shell_variables __P((void));
+static int set_context __P((SHELL_VAR *));
+
+static void push_func_var __P((PTR_T));
+static void push_exported_var __P((PTR_T));
+
+static inline int find_special_var __P((const char *));
+
+static void
+create_variable_tables ()
+{
+ if (shell_variables == 0)
+ {
+ shell_variables = global_variables = new_var_context ((char *)NULL, 0);
+ shell_variables->scope = 0;
+ shell_variables->table = hash_create (0);
+ }
+
+ if (shell_functions == 0)
+ shell_functions = hash_create (0);
+
+#if defined (DEBUGGER)
+ if (shell_function_defs == 0)
+ shell_function_defs = hash_create (0);
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Initialize the shell variables from the current environment.
+ If PRIVMODE is nonzero, don't import functions from ENV or
+ parse $SHELLOPTS. */
+void
+initialize_shell_variables (env, privmode)
+ char **env;
+ int privmode;
+{
+ char *name, *string, *temp_string;
+ int c, char_index, string_index, string_length, ro;
+ SHELL_VAR *temp_var;
+
+ create_variable_tables ();
+
+ for (string_index = 0; string = env[string_index++]; )
+ {
+ char_index = 0;
+ name = string;
+ while ((c = *string++) && c != '=')
+ ;
+ if (string[-1] == '=')
+ char_index = string - name - 1;
+
+ /* If there are weird things in the environment, like `=xxx' or a
+ string without an `=', just skip them. */
+ if (char_index == 0)
+ continue;
+
+ /* ASSERT(name[char_index] == '=') */
+ name[char_index] = '\0';
+ /* Now, name = env variable name, string = env variable value, and
+ char_index == strlen (name) */
+
+ temp_var = (SHELL_VAR *)NULL;
+
+ /* If exported function, define it now. Don't import functions from
+ the environment in privileged mode. */
+ if (privmode == 0 && read_but_dont_execute == 0 &&
+ STREQN (BASHFUNC_PREFIX, name, BASHFUNC_PREFLEN) &&
+ STREQ (BASHFUNC_SUFFIX, name + char_index - BASHFUNC_SUFFLEN) &&
+ STREQN ("() {", string, 4))
+ {
+ size_t namelen;
+ char *tname; /* desired imported function name */
+
+ namelen = char_index - BASHFUNC_PREFLEN - BASHFUNC_SUFFLEN;
+
+ tname = name + BASHFUNC_PREFLEN; /* start of func name */
+ tname[namelen] = '\0'; /* now tname == func name */
+
+ string_length = strlen (string);
+ temp_string = (char *)xmalloc (namelen + string_length + 2);
+
+ memcpy (temp_string, tname, namelen);
+ temp_string[namelen] = ' ';
+ memcpy (temp_string + namelen + 1, string, string_length + 1);
+
+ /* Don't import function names that are invalid identifiers from the
+ environment, though we still allow them to be defined as shell
+ variables. */
+ if (absolute_program (tname) == 0 && (posixly_correct == 0 || legal_identifier (tname)))
+ parse_and_execute (temp_string, tname, SEVAL_NONINT|SEVAL_NOHIST|SEVAL_FUNCDEF|SEVAL_ONECMD);
+
+ if (temp_var = find_function (tname))
+ {
+ VSETATTR (temp_var, (att_exported|att_imported));
+ array_needs_making = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (temp_var = bind_variable (name, string, 0))
+ {
+ VSETATTR (temp_var, (att_exported | att_imported | att_invisible));
+ array_needs_making = 1;
+ }
+ last_command_exit_value = 1;
+ report_error (_("error importing function definition for `%s'"), tname);
+ }
+
+ /* Restore original suffix */
+ tname[namelen] = BASHFUNC_SUFFIX[0];
+ }
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+# if ARRAY_EXPORT
+ /* Array variables may not yet be exported. */
+ else if (*string == '(' && string[1] == '[' && string[strlen (string) - 1] == ')')
+ {
+ string_length = 1;
+ temp_string = extract_array_assignment_list (string, &string_length);
+ temp_var = assign_array_from_string (name, temp_string);
+ FREE (temp_string);
+ VSETATTR (temp_var, (att_exported | att_imported));
+ array_needs_making = 1;
+ }
+# endif /* ARRAY_EXPORT */
+#endif
+#if 0
+ else if (legal_identifier (name))
+#else
+ else
+#endif
+ {
+ ro = 0;
+ if (posixly_correct && STREQ (name, "SHELLOPTS"))
+ {
+ temp_var = find_variable ("SHELLOPTS");
+ ro = temp_var && readonly_p (temp_var);
+ if (temp_var)
+ VUNSETATTR (temp_var, att_readonly);
+ }
+ temp_var = bind_variable (name, string, 0);
+ if (temp_var)
+ {
+ if (legal_identifier (name))
+ VSETATTR (temp_var, (att_exported | att_imported));
+ else
+ VSETATTR (temp_var, (att_exported | att_imported | att_invisible));
+ if (ro)
+ VSETATTR (temp_var, att_readonly);
+ array_needs_making = 1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ name[char_index] = '=';
+ /* temp_var can be NULL if it was an exported function with a syntax
+ error (a different bug, but it still shouldn't dump core). */
+ if (temp_var && function_p (temp_var) == 0) /* XXX not yet */
+ {
+ CACHE_IMPORTSTR (temp_var, name);
+ }
+ }
+
+ set_pwd ();
+
+ /* Set up initial value of $_ */
+ temp_var = set_if_not ("_", dollar_vars[0]);
+
+ /* Remember this pid. */
+ dollar_dollar_pid = getpid ();
+
+ /* Now make our own defaults in case the vars that we think are
+ important are missing. */
+ temp_var = set_if_not ("PATH", DEFAULT_PATH_VALUE);
+#if 0
+ set_auto_export (temp_var); /* XXX */
+#endif
+
+ temp_var = set_if_not ("TERM", "dumb");
+#if 0
+ set_auto_export (temp_var); /* XXX */
+#endif
+
+#if defined (__QNX__)
+ /* set node id -- don't import it from the environment */
+ {
+ char node_name[22];
+# if defined (__QNXNTO__)
+ netmgr_ndtostr(ND2S_LOCAL_STR, ND_LOCAL_NODE, node_name, sizeof(node_name));
+# else
+ qnx_nidtostr (getnid (), node_name, sizeof (node_name));
+# endif
+ temp_var = bind_variable ("NODE", node_name, 0);
+ set_auto_export (temp_var);
+ }
+#endif
+
+ /* set up the prompts. */
+ if (interactive_shell)
+ {
+#if defined (PROMPT_STRING_DECODE)
+ set_if_not ("PS1", primary_prompt);
+#else
+ if (current_user.uid == -1)
+ get_current_user_info ();
+ set_if_not ("PS1", current_user.euid == 0 ? "# " : primary_prompt);
+#endif
+ set_if_not ("PS2", secondary_prompt);
+ }
+ set_if_not ("PS4", "+ ");
+
+ /* Don't allow IFS to be imported from the environment. */
+ temp_var = bind_variable ("IFS", " \t\n", 0);
+ setifs (temp_var);
+
+ /* Magic machine types. Pretty convenient. */
+ set_machine_vars ();
+
+ /* Default MAILCHECK for interactive shells. Defer the creation of a
+ default MAILPATH until the startup files are read, because MAIL
+ names a mail file if MAILPATH is not set, and we should provide a
+ default only if neither is set. */
+ if (interactive_shell)
+ {
+ temp_var = set_if_not ("MAILCHECK", posixly_correct ? "600" : "60");
+ VSETATTR (temp_var, att_integer);
+ }
+
+ /* Do some things with shell level. */
+ initialize_shell_level ();
+
+ set_ppid ();
+
+ /* Initialize the `getopts' stuff. */
+ temp_var = bind_variable ("OPTIND", "1", 0);
+ VSETATTR (temp_var, att_integer);
+ getopts_reset (0);
+ bind_variable ("OPTERR", "1", 0);
+ sh_opterr = 1;
+
+ if (login_shell == 1 && posixly_correct == 0)
+ set_home_var ();
+
+ /* Get the full pathname to THIS shell, and set the BASH variable
+ to it. */
+ name = get_bash_name ();
+ temp_var = bind_variable ("BASH", name, 0);
+ free (name);
+
+ /* Make the exported environment variable SHELL be the user's login
+ shell. Note that the `tset' command looks at this variable
+ to determine what style of commands to output; if it ends in "csh",
+ then C-shell commands are output, else Bourne shell commands. */
+ set_shell_var ();
+
+ /* Make a variable called BASH_VERSION which contains the version info. */
+ bind_variable ("BASH_VERSION", shell_version_string (), 0);
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ make_vers_array ();
+#endif
+
+ if (command_execution_string)
+ bind_variable ("BASH_EXECUTION_STRING", command_execution_string, 0);
+
+ /* Find out if we're supposed to be in Posix.2 mode via an
+ environment variable. */
+ temp_var = find_variable ("POSIXLY_CORRECT");
+ if (!temp_var)
+ temp_var = find_variable ("POSIX_PEDANTIC");
+ if (temp_var && imported_p (temp_var))
+ sv_strict_posix (temp_var->name);
+
+#if defined (HISTORY)
+ /* Set history variables to defaults, and then do whatever we would
+ do if the variable had just been set. Do this only in the case
+ that we are remembering commands on the history list. */
+ if (remember_on_history)
+ {
+ name = bash_tilde_expand (posixly_correct ? "~/.sh_history" : "~/.bash_history", 0);
+
+ set_if_not ("HISTFILE", name);
+ free (name);
+ }
+#endif /* HISTORY */
+
+ /* Seed the random number generator. */
+ seedrand ();
+
+ /* Handle some "special" variables that we may have inherited from a
+ parent shell. */
+ if (interactive_shell)
+ {
+ temp_var = find_variable ("IGNOREEOF");
+ if (!temp_var)
+ temp_var = find_variable ("ignoreeof");
+ if (temp_var && imported_p (temp_var))
+ sv_ignoreeof (temp_var->name);
+ }
+
+#if defined (HISTORY)
+ if (interactive_shell && remember_on_history)
+ {
+ sv_history_control ("HISTCONTROL");
+ sv_histignore ("HISTIGNORE");
+ sv_histtimefmt ("HISTTIMEFORMAT");
+ }
+#endif /* HISTORY */
+
+#if defined (READLINE) && defined (STRICT_POSIX)
+ /* POSIXLY_CORRECT will only be 1 here if the shell was compiled
+ -DSTRICT_POSIX */
+ if (interactive_shell && posixly_correct && no_line_editing == 0)
+ rl_prefer_env_winsize = 1;
+#endif /* READLINE && STRICT_POSIX */
+
+ /*
+ * 24 October 2001
+ *
+ * I'm tired of the arguing and bug reports. Bash now leaves SSH_CLIENT
+ * and SSH2_CLIENT alone. I'm going to rely on the shell_level check in
+ * isnetconn() to avoid running the startup files more often than wanted.
+ * That will, of course, only work if the user's login shell is bash, so
+ * I've made that behavior conditional on SSH_SOURCE_BASHRC being defined
+ * in config-top.h.
+ */
+#if 0
+ temp_var = find_variable ("SSH_CLIENT");
+ if (temp_var && imported_p (temp_var))
+ {
+ VUNSETATTR (temp_var, att_exported);
+ array_needs_making = 1;
+ }
+ temp_var = find_variable ("SSH2_CLIENT");
+ if (temp_var && imported_p (temp_var))
+ {
+ VUNSETATTR (temp_var, att_exported);
+ array_needs_making = 1;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ /* Get the user's real and effective user ids. */
+ uidset ();
+
+ temp_var = find_variable ("BASH_XTRACEFD");
+ if (temp_var && imported_p (temp_var))
+ sv_xtracefd (temp_var->name);
+
+ /* Initialize the dynamic variables, and seed their values. */
+ initialize_dynamic_variables ();
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Setting values for special shell variables */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+static void
+set_machine_vars ()
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *temp_var;
+
+ temp_var = set_if_not ("HOSTTYPE", HOSTTYPE);
+ temp_var = set_if_not ("OSTYPE", OSTYPE);
+ temp_var = set_if_not ("MACHTYPE", MACHTYPE);
+
+ temp_var = set_if_not ("HOSTNAME", current_host_name);
+}
+
+/* Set $HOME to the information in the password file if we didn't get
+ it from the environment. */
+
+/* This function is not static so the tilde and readline libraries can
+ use it. */
+char *
+sh_get_home_dir ()
+{
+ if (current_user.home_dir == 0)
+ get_current_user_info ();
+ return current_user.home_dir;
+}
+
+static void
+set_home_var ()
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *temp_var;
+
+ temp_var = find_variable ("HOME");
+ if (temp_var == 0)
+ temp_var = bind_variable ("HOME", sh_get_home_dir (), 0);
+#if 0
+ VSETATTR (temp_var, att_exported);
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Set $SHELL to the user's login shell if it is not already set. Call
+ get_current_user_info if we haven't already fetched the shell. */
+static void
+set_shell_var ()
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *temp_var;
+
+ temp_var = find_variable ("SHELL");
+ if (temp_var == 0)
+ {
+ if (current_user.shell == 0)
+ get_current_user_info ();
+ temp_var = bind_variable ("SHELL", current_user.shell, 0);
+ }
+#if 0
+ VSETATTR (temp_var, att_exported);
+#endif
+}
+
+static char *
+get_bash_name ()
+{
+ char *name;
+
+ if ((login_shell == 1) && RELPATH(shell_name))
+ {
+ if (current_user.shell == 0)
+ get_current_user_info ();
+ name = savestring (current_user.shell);
+ }
+ else if (ABSPATH(shell_name))
+ name = savestring (shell_name);
+ else if (shell_name[0] == '.' && shell_name[1] == '/')
+ {
+ /* Fast path for common case. */
+ char *cdir;
+ int len;
+
+ cdir = get_string_value ("PWD");
+ if (cdir)
+ {
+ len = strlen (cdir);
+ name = (char *)xmalloc (len + strlen (shell_name) + 1);
+ strcpy (name, cdir);
+ strcpy (name + len, shell_name + 1);
+ }
+ else
+ name = savestring (shell_name);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ char *tname;
+ int s;
+
+ tname = find_user_command (shell_name);
+
+ if (tname == 0)
+ {
+ /* Try the current directory. If there is not an executable
+ there, just punt and use the login shell. */
+ s = file_status (shell_name);
+ if (s & FS_EXECABLE)
+ {
+ tname = make_absolute (shell_name, get_string_value ("PWD"));
+ if (*shell_name == '.')
+ {
+ name = sh_canonpath (tname, PATH_CHECKDOTDOT|PATH_CHECKEXISTS);
+ if (name == 0)
+ name = tname;
+ else
+ free (tname);
+ }
+ else
+ name = tname;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (current_user.shell == 0)
+ get_current_user_info ();
+ name = savestring (current_user.shell);
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ name = full_pathname (tname);
+ free (tname);
+ }
+ }
+
+ return (name);
+}
+
+void
+adjust_shell_level (change)
+ int change;
+{
+ char new_level[5], *old_SHLVL;
+ intmax_t old_level;
+ SHELL_VAR *temp_var;
+
+ old_SHLVL = get_string_value ("SHLVL");
+ if (old_SHLVL == 0 || *old_SHLVL == '\0' || legal_number (old_SHLVL, &old_level) == 0)
+ old_level = 0;
+
+ shell_level = old_level + change;
+ if (shell_level < 0)
+ shell_level = 0;
+ else if (shell_level > 1000)
+ {
+ internal_warning (_("shell level (%d) too high, resetting to 1"), shell_level);
+ shell_level = 1;
+ }
+
+ /* We don't need the full generality of itos here. */
+ if (shell_level < 10)
+ {
+ new_level[0] = shell_level + '0';
+ new_level[1] = '\0';
+ }
+ else if (shell_level < 100)
+ {
+ new_level[0] = (shell_level / 10) + '0';
+ new_level[1] = (shell_level % 10) + '0';
+ new_level[2] = '\0';
+ }
+ else if (shell_level < 1000)
+ {
+ new_level[0] = (shell_level / 100) + '0';
+ old_level = shell_level % 100;
+ new_level[1] = (old_level / 10) + '0';
+ new_level[2] = (old_level % 10) + '0';
+ new_level[3] = '\0';
+ }
+
+ temp_var = bind_variable ("SHLVL", new_level, 0);
+ set_auto_export (temp_var);
+}
+
+static void
+initialize_shell_level ()
+{
+ adjust_shell_level (1);
+}
+
+/* If we got PWD from the environment, update our idea of the current
+ working directory. In any case, make sure that PWD exists before
+ checking it. It is possible for getcwd () to fail on shell startup,
+ and in that case, PWD would be undefined. If this is an interactive
+ login shell, see if $HOME is the current working directory, and if
+ that's not the same string as $PWD, set PWD=$HOME. */
+
+void
+set_pwd ()
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *temp_var, *home_var;
+ char *temp_string, *home_string;
+
+ home_var = find_variable ("HOME");
+ home_string = home_var ? value_cell (home_var) : (char *)NULL;
+
+ temp_var = find_variable ("PWD");
+ if (temp_var && imported_p (temp_var) &&
+ (temp_string = value_cell (temp_var)) &&
+ same_file (temp_string, ".", (struct stat *)NULL, (struct stat *)NULL))
+ set_working_directory (temp_string);
+ else if (home_string && interactive_shell && login_shell &&
+ same_file (home_string, ".", (struct stat *)NULL, (struct stat *)NULL))
+ {
+ set_working_directory (home_string);
+ temp_var = bind_variable ("PWD", home_string, 0);
+ set_auto_export (temp_var);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ temp_string = get_working_directory ("shell-init");
+ if (temp_string)
+ {
+ temp_var = bind_variable ("PWD", temp_string, 0);
+ set_auto_export (temp_var);
+ free (temp_string);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* According to the Single Unix Specification, v2, $OLDPWD is an
+ `environment variable' and therefore should be auto-exported.
+ Make a dummy invisible variable for OLDPWD, and mark it as exported. */
+ temp_var = bind_variable ("OLDPWD", (char *)NULL, 0);
+ VSETATTR (temp_var, (att_exported | att_invisible));
+}
+
+/* Make a variable $PPID, which holds the pid of the shell's parent. */
+void
+set_ppid ()
+{
+ char namebuf[INT_STRLEN_BOUND(pid_t) + 1], *name;
+ SHELL_VAR *temp_var;
+
+ name = inttostr (getppid (), namebuf, sizeof(namebuf));
+ temp_var = find_variable ("PPID");
+ if (temp_var)
+ VUNSETATTR (temp_var, (att_readonly | att_exported));
+ temp_var = bind_variable ("PPID", name, 0);
+ VSETATTR (temp_var, (att_readonly | att_integer));
+}
+
+static void
+uidset ()
+{
+ char buff[INT_STRLEN_BOUND(uid_t) + 1], *b;
+ register SHELL_VAR *v;
+
+ b = inttostr (current_user.uid, buff, sizeof (buff));
+ v = find_variable ("UID");
+ if (v == 0)
+ {
+ v = bind_variable ("UID", b, 0);
+ VSETATTR (v, (att_readonly | att_integer));
+ }
+
+ if (current_user.euid != current_user.uid)
+ b = inttostr (current_user.euid, buff, sizeof (buff));
+
+ v = find_variable ("EUID");
+ if (v == 0)
+ {
+ v = bind_variable ("EUID", b, 0);
+ VSETATTR (v, (att_readonly | att_integer));
+ }
+}
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+static void
+make_vers_array ()
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *vv;
+ ARRAY *av;
+ char *s, d[32], b[INT_STRLEN_BOUND(int) + 1];
+
+ unbind_variable ("BASH_VERSINFO");
+
+ vv = make_new_array_variable ("BASH_VERSINFO");
+ av = array_cell (vv);
+ strcpy (d, dist_version);
+ s = strchr (d, '.');
+ if (s)
+ *s++ = '\0';
+ array_insert (av, 0, d);
+ array_insert (av, 1, s);
+ s = inttostr (patch_level, b, sizeof (b));
+ array_insert (av, 2, s);
+ s = inttostr (build_version, b, sizeof (b));
+ array_insert (av, 3, s);
+ array_insert (av, 4, release_status);
+ array_insert (av, 5, MACHTYPE);
+
+ VSETATTR (vv, att_readonly);
+}
+#endif /* ARRAY_VARS */
+
+/* Set the environment variables $LINES and $COLUMNS in response to
+ a window size change. */
+void
+sh_set_lines_and_columns (lines, cols)
+ int lines, cols;
+{
+ char val[INT_STRLEN_BOUND(int) + 1], *v;
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+ /* If we are currently assigning to LINES or COLUMNS, don't do anything. */
+ if (winsize_assignment)
+ return;
+#endif
+
+ v = inttostr (lines, val, sizeof (val));
+ bind_variable ("LINES", v, 0);
+
+ v = inttostr (cols, val, sizeof (val));
+ bind_variable ("COLUMNS", v, 0);
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Printing variables and values */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* Print LIST (a list of shell variables) to stdout in such a way that
+ they can be read back in. */
+void
+print_var_list (list)
+ register SHELL_VAR **list;
+{
+ register int i;
+ register SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ for (i = 0; list && (var = list[i]); i++)
+ if (invisible_p (var) == 0)
+ print_assignment (var);
+}
+
+/* Print LIST (a list of shell functions) to stdout in such a way that
+ they can be read back in. */
+void
+print_func_list (list)
+ register SHELL_VAR **list;
+{
+ register int i;
+ register SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ for (i = 0; list && (var = list[i]); i++)
+ {
+ printf ("%s ", var->name);
+ print_var_function (var);
+ printf ("\n");
+ }
+}
+
+/* Print the value of a single SHELL_VAR. No newline is
+ output, but the variable is printed in such a way that
+ it can be read back in. */
+void
+print_assignment (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ if (var_isset (var) == 0)
+ return;
+
+ if (function_p (var))
+ {
+ printf ("%s", var->name);
+ print_var_function (var);
+ printf ("\n");
+ }
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ else if (array_p (var))
+ print_array_assignment (var, 0);
+ else if (assoc_p (var))
+ print_assoc_assignment (var, 0);
+#endif /* ARRAY_VARS */
+ else
+ {
+ printf ("%s=", var->name);
+ print_var_value (var, 1);
+ printf ("\n");
+ }
+}
+
+/* Print the value cell of VAR, a shell variable. Do not print
+ the name, nor leading/trailing newline. If QUOTE is non-zero,
+ and the value contains shell metacharacters, quote the value
+ in such a way that it can be read back in. */
+void
+print_var_value (var, quote)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ int quote;
+{
+ char *t;
+
+ if (var_isset (var) == 0)
+ return;
+
+ if (quote && posixly_correct == 0 && ansic_shouldquote (value_cell (var)))
+ {
+ t = ansic_quote (value_cell (var), 0, (int *)0);
+ printf ("%s", t);
+ free (t);
+ }
+ else if (quote && sh_contains_shell_metas (value_cell (var)))
+ {
+ t = sh_single_quote (value_cell (var));
+ printf ("%s", t);
+ free (t);
+ }
+ else
+ printf ("%s", value_cell (var));
+}
+
+/* Print the function cell of VAR, a shell variable. Do not
+ print the name, nor leading/trailing newline. */
+void
+print_var_function (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ char *x;
+
+ if (function_p (var) && var_isset (var))
+ {
+ x = named_function_string ((char *)NULL, function_cell(var), FUNC_MULTILINE|FUNC_EXTERNAL);
+ printf ("%s", x);
+ }
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Dynamic Variables */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* DYNAMIC VARIABLES
+
+ These are variables whose values are generated anew each time they are
+ referenced. These are implemented using a pair of function pointers
+ in the struct variable: assign_func, which is called from bind_variable
+ and, if arrays are compiled into the shell, some of the functions in
+ arrayfunc.c, and dynamic_value, which is called from find_variable.
+
+ assign_func is called from bind_variable_internal, if
+ bind_variable_internal discovers that the variable being assigned to
+ has such a function. The function is called as
+ SHELL_VAR *temp = (*(entry->assign_func)) (entry, value, ind)
+ and the (SHELL_VAR *)temp is returned as the value of bind_variable. It
+ is usually ENTRY (self). IND is an index for an array variable, and
+ unused otherwise.
+
+ dynamic_value is called from find_variable_internal to return a `new'
+ value for the specified dynamic varible. If this function is NULL,
+ the variable is treated as a `normal' shell variable. If it is not,
+ however, then this function is called like this:
+ tempvar = (*(var->dynamic_value)) (var);
+
+ Sometimes `tempvar' will replace the value of `var'. Other times, the
+ shell will simply use the string value. Pretty object-oriented, huh?
+
+ Be warned, though: if you `unset' a special variable, it loses its
+ special meaning, even if you subsequently set it.
+
+ The special assignment code would probably have been better put in
+ subst.c: do_assignment_internal, in the same style as
+ stupidly_hack_special_variables, but I wanted the changes as
+ localized as possible. */
+
+#define INIT_DYNAMIC_VAR(var, val, gfunc, afunc) \
+ do \
+ { \
+ v = bind_variable (var, (val), 0); \
+ v->dynamic_value = gfunc; \
+ v->assign_func = afunc; \
+ } \
+ while (0)
+
+#define INIT_DYNAMIC_ARRAY_VAR(var, gfunc, afunc) \
+ do \
+ { \
+ v = make_new_array_variable (var); \
+ v->dynamic_value = gfunc; \
+ v->assign_func = afunc; \
+ } \
+ while (0)
+
+#define INIT_DYNAMIC_ASSOC_VAR(var, gfunc, afunc) \
+ do \
+ { \
+ v = make_new_assoc_variable (var); \
+ v->dynamic_value = gfunc; \
+ v->assign_func = afunc; \
+ } \
+ while (0)
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+null_assign (self, value, unused, key)
+ SHELL_VAR *self;
+ char *value;
+ arrayind_t unused;
+ char *key;
+{
+ return (self);
+}
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+static SHELL_VAR *
+null_array_assign (self, value, ind, key)
+ SHELL_VAR *self;
+ char *value;
+ arrayind_t ind;
+ char *key;
+{
+ return (self);
+}
+#endif
+
+/* Degenerate `dynamic_value' function; just returns what's passed without
+ manipulation. */
+static SHELL_VAR *
+get_self (self)
+ SHELL_VAR *self;
+{
+ return (self);
+}
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+/* A generic dynamic array variable initializer. Initialize array variable
+ NAME with dynamic value function GETFUNC and assignment function SETFUNC. */
+static SHELL_VAR *
+init_dynamic_array_var (name, getfunc, setfunc, attrs)
+ char *name;
+ sh_var_value_func_t *getfunc;
+ sh_var_assign_func_t *setfunc;
+ int attrs;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+
+ v = find_variable (name);
+ if (v)
+ return (v);
+ INIT_DYNAMIC_ARRAY_VAR (name, getfunc, setfunc);
+ if (attrs)
+ VSETATTR (v, attrs);
+ return v;
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+init_dynamic_assoc_var (name, getfunc, setfunc, attrs)
+ char *name;
+ sh_var_value_func_t *getfunc;
+ sh_var_assign_func_t *setfunc;
+ int attrs;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+
+ v = find_variable (name);
+ if (v)
+ return (v);
+ INIT_DYNAMIC_ASSOC_VAR (name, getfunc, setfunc);
+ if (attrs)
+ VSETATTR (v, attrs);
+ return v;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* The value of $SECONDS. This is the number of seconds since shell
+ invocation, or, the number of seconds since the last assignment + the
+ value of the last assignment. */
+static intmax_t seconds_value_assigned;
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+assign_seconds (self, value, unused, key)
+ SHELL_VAR *self;
+ char *value;
+ arrayind_t unused;
+ char *key;
+{
+ if (legal_number (value, &seconds_value_assigned) == 0)
+ seconds_value_assigned = 0;
+ shell_start_time = NOW;
+ return (self);
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+get_seconds (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ time_t time_since_start;
+ char *p;
+
+ time_since_start = NOW - shell_start_time;
+ p = itos(seconds_value_assigned + time_since_start);
+
+ FREE (value_cell (var));
+
+ VSETATTR (var, att_integer);
+ var_setvalue (var, p);
+ return (var);
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+init_seconds_var ()
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+
+ v = find_variable ("SECONDS");
+ if (v)
+ {
+ if (legal_number (value_cell(v), &seconds_value_assigned) == 0)
+ seconds_value_assigned = 0;
+ }
+ INIT_DYNAMIC_VAR ("SECONDS", (v ? value_cell (v) : (char *)NULL), get_seconds, assign_seconds);
+ return v;
+}
+
+/* The random number seed. You can change this by setting RANDOM. */
+static unsigned long rseed = 1;
+static int last_random_value;
+static int seeded_subshell = 0;
+
+/* A linear congruential random number generator based on the example
+ one in the ANSI C standard. This one isn't very good, but a more
+ complicated one is overkill. */
+
+/* Returns a pseudo-random number between 0 and 32767. */
+static int
+brand ()
+{
+ /* From "Random number generators: good ones are hard to find",
+ Park and Miller, Communications of the ACM, vol. 31, no. 10,
+ October 1988, p. 1195. filtered through FreeBSD */
+ long h, l;
+
+ /* Can't seed with 0. */
+ if (rseed == 0)
+ rseed = 123459876;
+ h = rseed / 127773;
+ l = rseed % 127773;
+ rseed = 16807 * l - 2836 * h;
+#if 0
+ if (rseed < 0)
+ rseed += 0x7fffffff;
+#endif
+ return ((unsigned int)(rseed & 32767)); /* was % 32768 */
+}
+
+/* Set the random number generator seed to SEED. */
+static void
+sbrand (seed)
+ unsigned long seed;
+{
+ rseed = seed;
+ last_random_value = 0;
+}
+
+static void
+seedrand ()
+{
+ struct timeval tv;
+
+ gettimeofday (&tv, NULL);
+ sbrand (tv.tv_sec ^ tv.tv_usec ^ getpid ());
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+assign_random (self, value, unused, key)
+ SHELL_VAR *self;
+ char *value;
+ arrayind_t unused;
+ char *key;
+{
+ sbrand (strtoul (value, (char **)NULL, 10));
+ if (subshell_environment)
+ seeded_subshell = getpid ();
+ return (self);
+}
+
+int
+get_random_number ()
+{
+ int rv, pid;
+
+ /* Reset for command and process substitution. */
+ pid = getpid ();
+ if (subshell_environment && seeded_subshell != pid)
+ {
+ seedrand ();
+ seeded_subshell = pid;
+ }
+
+ do
+ rv = brand ();
+ while (rv == last_random_value);
+ return rv;
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+get_random (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ int rv;
+ char *p;
+
+ rv = get_random_number ();
+ last_random_value = rv;
+ p = itos (rv);
+
+ FREE (value_cell (var));
+
+ VSETATTR (var, att_integer);
+ var_setvalue (var, p);
+ return (var);
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+assign_lineno (var, value, unused, key)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ char *value;
+ arrayind_t unused;
+ char *key;
+{
+ intmax_t new_value;
+
+ if (value == 0 || *value == '\0' || legal_number (value, &new_value) == 0)
+ new_value = 0;
+ line_number = line_number_base = new_value;
+ return var;
+}
+
+/* Function which returns the current line number. */
+static SHELL_VAR *
+get_lineno (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ char *p;
+ int ln;
+
+ ln = executing_line_number ();
+ p = itos (ln);
+ FREE (value_cell (var));
+ var_setvalue (var, p);
+ return (var);
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+assign_subshell (var, value, unused, key)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ char *value;
+ arrayind_t unused;
+ char *key;
+{
+ intmax_t new_value;
+
+ if (value == 0 || *value == '\0' || legal_number (value, &new_value) == 0)
+ new_value = 0;
+ subshell_level = new_value;
+ return var;
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+get_subshell (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ char *p;
+
+ p = itos (subshell_level);
+ FREE (value_cell (var));
+ var_setvalue (var, p);
+ return (var);
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+get_bashpid (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ int pid;
+ char *p;
+
+ pid = getpid ();
+ p = itos (pid);
+
+ FREE (value_cell (var));
+ VSETATTR (var, att_integer|att_readonly);
+ var_setvalue (var, p);
+ return (var);
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+get_bash_command (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ char *p;
+
+ if (the_printed_command_except_trap)
+ p = savestring (the_printed_command_except_trap);
+ else
+ {
+ p = (char *)xmalloc (1);
+ p[0] = '\0';
+ }
+ FREE (value_cell (var));
+ var_setvalue (var, p);
+ return (var);
+}
+
+#if defined (HISTORY)
+static SHELL_VAR *
+get_histcmd (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ char *p;
+
+ p = itos (history_number ());
+ FREE (value_cell (var));
+ var_setvalue (var, p);
+ return (var);
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+/* When this function returns, VAR->value points to malloced memory. */
+static SHELL_VAR *
+get_comp_wordbreaks (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ /* If we don't have anything yet, assign a default value. */
+ if (rl_completer_word_break_characters == 0 && bash_readline_initialized == 0)
+ enable_hostname_completion (perform_hostname_completion);
+
+ FREE (value_cell (var));
+ var_setvalue (var, savestring (rl_completer_word_break_characters));
+
+ return (var);
+}
+
+/* When this function returns, rl_completer_word_break_characters points to
+ malloced memory. */
+static SHELL_VAR *
+assign_comp_wordbreaks (self, value, unused, key)
+ SHELL_VAR *self;
+ char *value;
+ arrayind_t unused;
+ char *key;
+{
+ if (rl_completer_word_break_characters &&
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters != rl_basic_word_break_characters)
+ free (rl_completer_word_break_characters);
+
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters = savestring (value);
+ return self;
+}
+#endif /* READLINE */
+
+#if defined (PUSHD_AND_POPD) && defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+static SHELL_VAR *
+assign_dirstack (self, value, ind, key)
+ SHELL_VAR *self;
+ char *value;
+ arrayind_t ind;
+ char *key;
+{
+ set_dirstack_element (ind, 1, value);
+ return self;
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+get_dirstack (self)
+ SHELL_VAR *self;
+{
+ ARRAY *a;
+ WORD_LIST *l;
+
+ l = get_directory_stack (0);
+ a = array_from_word_list (l);
+ array_dispose (array_cell (self));
+ dispose_words (l);
+ var_setarray (self, a);
+ return self;
+}
+#endif /* PUSHD AND POPD && ARRAY_VARS */
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+/* We don't want to initialize the group set with a call to getgroups()
+ unless we're asked to, but we only want to do it once. */
+static SHELL_VAR *
+get_groupset (self)
+ SHELL_VAR *self;
+{
+ register int i;
+ int ng;
+ ARRAY *a;
+ static char **group_set = (char **)NULL;
+
+ if (group_set == 0)
+ {
+ group_set = get_group_list (&ng);
+ a = array_cell (self);
+ for (i = 0; i < ng; i++)
+ array_insert (a, i, group_set[i]);
+ }
+ return (self);
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+build_hashcmd (self)
+ SHELL_VAR *self;
+{
+ HASH_TABLE *h;
+ int i;
+ char *k, *v;
+ BUCKET_CONTENTS *item;
+
+ h = assoc_cell (self);
+ if (h)
+ assoc_dispose (h);
+
+ if (hashed_filenames == 0 || HASH_ENTRIES (hashed_filenames) == 0)
+ {
+ var_setvalue (self, (char *)NULL);
+ return self;
+ }
+
+ h = assoc_create (hashed_filenames->nbuckets);
+ for (i = 0; i < hashed_filenames->nbuckets; i++)
+ {
+ for (item = hash_items (i, hashed_filenames); item; item = item->next)
+ {
+ k = savestring (item->key);
+ v = pathdata(item)->path;
+ assoc_insert (h, k, v);
+ }
+ }
+
+ var_setvalue (self, (char *)h);
+ return self;
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+get_hashcmd (self)
+ SHELL_VAR *self;
+{
+ build_hashcmd (self);
+ return (self);
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+assign_hashcmd (self, value, ind, key)
+ SHELL_VAR *self;
+ char *value;
+ arrayind_t ind;
+ char *key;
+{
+ phash_insert (key, value, 0, 0);
+ return (build_hashcmd (self));
+}
+
+#if defined (ALIAS)
+static SHELL_VAR *
+build_aliasvar (self)
+ SHELL_VAR *self;
+{
+ HASH_TABLE *h;
+ int i;
+ char *k, *v;
+ BUCKET_CONTENTS *item;
+
+ h = assoc_cell (self);
+ if (h)
+ assoc_dispose (h);
+
+ if (aliases == 0 || HASH_ENTRIES (aliases) == 0)
+ {
+ var_setvalue (self, (char *)NULL);
+ return self;
+ }
+
+ h = assoc_create (aliases->nbuckets);
+ for (i = 0; i < aliases->nbuckets; i++)
+ {
+ for (item = hash_items (i, aliases); item; item = item->next)
+ {
+ k = savestring (item->key);
+ v = ((alias_t *)(item->data))->value;
+ assoc_insert (h, k, v);
+ }
+ }
+
+ var_setvalue (self, (char *)h);
+ return self;
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+get_aliasvar (self)
+ SHELL_VAR *self;
+{
+ build_aliasvar (self);
+ return (self);
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+assign_aliasvar (self, value, ind, key)
+ SHELL_VAR *self;
+ char *value;
+ arrayind_t ind;
+ char *key;
+{
+ add_alias (key, value);
+ return (build_aliasvar (self));
+}
+#endif /* ALIAS */
+
+#endif /* ARRAY_VARS */
+
+/* If ARRAY_VARS is not defined, this just returns the name of any
+ currently-executing function. If we have arrays, it's a call stack. */
+static SHELL_VAR *
+get_funcname (self)
+ SHELL_VAR *self;
+{
+#if ! defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ char *t;
+ if (variable_context && this_shell_function)
+ {
+ FREE (value_cell (self));
+ t = savestring (this_shell_function->name);
+ var_setvalue (self, t);
+ }
+#endif
+ return (self);
+}
+
+void
+make_funcname_visible (on_or_off)
+ int on_or_off;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+
+ v = find_variable ("FUNCNAME");
+ if (v == 0 || v->dynamic_value == 0)
+ return;
+
+ if (on_or_off)
+ VUNSETATTR (v, att_invisible);
+ else
+ VSETATTR (v, att_invisible);
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+init_funcname_var ()
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+
+ v = find_variable ("FUNCNAME");
+ if (v)
+ return v;
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ INIT_DYNAMIC_ARRAY_VAR ("FUNCNAME", get_funcname, null_array_assign);
+#else
+ INIT_DYNAMIC_VAR ("FUNCNAME", (char *)NULL, get_funcname, null_assign);
+#endif
+ VSETATTR (v, att_invisible|att_noassign);
+ return v;
+}
+
+static void
+initialize_dynamic_variables ()
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+
+ v = init_seconds_var ();
+
+ INIT_DYNAMIC_VAR ("BASH_COMMAND", (char *)NULL, get_bash_command, (sh_var_assign_func_t *)NULL);
+ INIT_DYNAMIC_VAR ("BASH_SUBSHELL", (char *)NULL, get_subshell, assign_subshell);
+
+ INIT_DYNAMIC_VAR ("RANDOM", (char *)NULL, get_random, assign_random);
+ VSETATTR (v, att_integer);
+ INIT_DYNAMIC_VAR ("LINENO", (char *)NULL, get_lineno, assign_lineno);
+ VSETATTR (v, att_integer);
+
+ INIT_DYNAMIC_VAR ("BASHPID", (char *)NULL, get_bashpid, null_assign);
+ VSETATTR (v, att_integer|att_readonly);
+
+#if defined (HISTORY)
+ INIT_DYNAMIC_VAR ("HISTCMD", (char *)NULL, get_histcmd, (sh_var_assign_func_t *)NULL);
+ VSETATTR (v, att_integer);
+#endif
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+ INIT_DYNAMIC_VAR ("COMP_WORDBREAKS", (char *)NULL, get_comp_wordbreaks, assign_comp_wordbreaks);
+#endif
+
+#if defined (PUSHD_AND_POPD) && defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ v = init_dynamic_array_var ("DIRSTACK", get_dirstack, assign_dirstack, 0);
+#endif /* PUSHD_AND_POPD && ARRAY_VARS */
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ v = init_dynamic_array_var ("GROUPS", get_groupset, null_array_assign, att_noassign);
+
+# if defined (DEBUGGER)
+ v = init_dynamic_array_var ("BASH_ARGC", get_self, null_array_assign, att_noassign|att_nounset);
+ v = init_dynamic_array_var ("BASH_ARGV", get_self, null_array_assign, att_noassign|att_nounset);
+# endif /* DEBUGGER */
+ v = init_dynamic_array_var ("BASH_SOURCE", get_self, null_array_assign, att_noassign|att_nounset);
+ v = init_dynamic_array_var ("BASH_LINENO", get_self, null_array_assign, att_noassign|att_nounset);
+
+ v = init_dynamic_assoc_var ("BASH_CMDS", get_hashcmd, assign_hashcmd, att_nofree);
+# if defined (ALIAS)
+ v = init_dynamic_assoc_var ("BASH_ALIASES", get_aliasvar, assign_aliasvar, att_nofree);
+# endif
+#endif
+
+ v = init_funcname_var ();
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Retrieving variables and values */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* How to get a pointer to the shell variable or function named NAME.
+ HASHED_VARS is a pointer to the hash table containing the list
+ of interest (either variables or functions). */
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+hash_lookup (name, hashed_vars)
+ const char *name;
+ HASH_TABLE *hashed_vars;
+{
+ BUCKET_CONTENTS *bucket;
+
+ bucket = hash_search (name, hashed_vars, 0);
+ /* If we find the name in HASHED_VARS, set LAST_TABLE_SEARCHED to that
+ table. */
+ if (bucket)
+ last_table_searched = hashed_vars;
+ return (bucket ? (SHELL_VAR *)bucket->data : (SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR *
+var_lookup (name, vcontext)
+ const char *name;
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vcontext;
+{
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vc;
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+
+ v = (SHELL_VAR *)NULL;
+ for (vc = vcontext; vc; vc = vc->down)
+ if (v = hash_lookup (name, vc->table))
+ break;
+
+ return v;
+}
+
+/* Look up the variable entry named NAME. If SEARCH_TEMPENV is non-zero,
+ then also search the temporarily built list of exported variables.
+ The lookup order is:
+ temporary_env
+ shell_variables list
+*/
+
+SHELL_VAR *
+find_variable_internal (name, flags)
+ const char *name;
+ int flags;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ int search_tempenv, force_tempenv;
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vc;
+
+ var = (SHELL_VAR *)NULL;
+
+ force_tempenv = (flags & FV_FORCETEMPENV);
+
+ /* If explicitly requested, first look in the temporary environment for
+ the variable. This allows constructs such as "foo=x eval 'echo $foo'"
+ to get the `exported' value of $foo. This happens if we are executing
+ a function or builtin, or if we are looking up a variable in a
+ "subshell environment". */
+ search_tempenv = force_tempenv || (expanding_redir == 0 && subshell_environment);
+
+ if (search_tempenv && temporary_env)
+ var = hash_lookup (name, temporary_env);
+
+ if (var == 0)
+ {
+ if ((flags & FV_SKIPINVISIBLE) == 0)
+ var = var_lookup (name, shell_variables);
+ else
+ {
+ /* essentially var_lookup expanded inline so we can check for
+ att_invisible */
+ for (vc = shell_variables; vc; vc = vc->down)
+ {
+ var = hash_lookup (name, vc->table);
+ if (var && invisible_p (var))
+ var = 0;
+ if (var)
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (var == 0)
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+
+ return (var->dynamic_value ? (*(var->dynamic_value)) (var) : var);
+}
+
+/* Look up and resolve the chain of nameref variables starting at V all the
+ way to NULL or non-nameref. */
+SHELL_VAR *
+find_variable_nameref (v)
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+{
+ int level, flags;
+ char *newname;
+ SHELL_VAR *orig, *oldv;
+
+ level = 0;
+ orig = v;
+ while (v && nameref_p (v))
+ {
+ level++;
+ if (level > NAMEREF_MAX)
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)0); /* error message here? */
+ newname = nameref_cell (v);
+ if (newname == 0 || *newname == '\0')
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)0);
+ oldv = v;
+ flags = 0;
+ if (expanding_redir == 0 && (assigning_in_environment || executing_builtin))
+ flags |= FV_FORCETEMPENV;
+ v = find_variable_internal (newname, flags);
+ if (v == orig || v == oldv)
+ {
+ internal_warning (_("%s: circular name reference"), orig->name);
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)0);
+ }
+ }
+ return v;
+}
+
+/* Resolve the chain of nameref variables for NAME. XXX - could change later */
+SHELL_VAR *
+find_variable_last_nameref (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v, *nv;
+ char *newname;
+ int level, flags;
+
+ nv = v = find_variable_noref (name);
+ level = 0;
+ while (v && nameref_p (v))
+ {
+ level++;
+ if (level > NAMEREF_MAX)
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)0); /* error message here? */
+ newname = nameref_cell (v);
+ if (newname == 0 || *newname == '\0')
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)0);
+ nv = v;
+ flags = 0;
+ if (expanding_redir == 0 && (assigning_in_environment || executing_builtin))
+ flags |= FV_FORCETEMPENV;
+ v = find_variable_internal (newname, flags);
+ }
+ return nv;
+}
+
+/* Resolve the chain of nameref variables for NAME. XXX - could change later */
+SHELL_VAR *
+find_global_variable_last_nameref (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v, *nv;
+ char *newname;
+ int level;
+
+ nv = v = find_global_variable_noref (name);
+ level = 0;
+ while (v && nameref_p (v))
+ {
+ level++;
+ if (level > NAMEREF_MAX)
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)0); /* error message here? */
+ newname = nameref_cell (v);
+ if (newname == 0 || *newname == '\0')
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)0);
+ nv = v;
+ v = find_global_variable_noref (newname);
+ }
+ return nv;
+}
+
+static SHELL_VAR *
+find_nameref_at_context (v, vc)
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vc;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *nv, *nv2;
+ VAR_CONTEXT *nvc;
+ char *newname;
+ int level;
+
+ nv = v;
+ level = 1;
+ while (nv && nameref_p (nv))
+ {
+ level++;
+ if (level > NAMEREF_MAX)
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+ newname = nameref_cell (nv);
+ if (newname == 0 || *newname == '\0')
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+ nv2 = hash_lookup (newname, vc->table);
+ if (nv2 == 0)
+ break;
+ nv = nv2;
+ }
+ return nv;
+}
+
+/* Do nameref resolution from the VC, which is the local context for some
+ function or builtin, `up' the chain to the global variables context. If
+ NVCP is not NULL, return the variable context where we finally ended the
+ nameref resolution (so the bind_variable_internal can use the correct
+ variable context and hash table). */
+static SHELL_VAR *
+find_variable_nameref_context (v, vc, nvcp)
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vc;
+ VAR_CONTEXT **nvcp;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *nv, *nv2;
+ VAR_CONTEXT *nvc;
+
+ /* Look starting at the current context all the way `up' */
+ for (nv = v, nvc = vc; nvc; nvc = nvc->down)
+ {
+ nv2 = find_nameref_at_context (nv, nvc);
+ if (nv2 == 0)
+ continue;
+ nv = nv2;
+ if (*nvcp)
+ *nvcp = nvc;
+ if (nameref_p (nv) == 0)
+ break;
+ }
+ return (nameref_p (nv) ? (SHELL_VAR *)NULL : nv);
+}
+
+/* Do nameref resolution from the VC, which is the local context for some
+ function or builtin, `up' the chain to the global variables context. If
+ NVCP is not NULL, return the variable context where we finally ended the
+ nameref resolution (so the bind_variable_internal can use the correct
+ variable context and hash table). */
+static SHELL_VAR *
+find_variable_last_nameref_context (v, vc, nvcp)
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vc;
+ VAR_CONTEXT **nvcp;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *nv, *nv2;
+ VAR_CONTEXT *nvc;
+
+ /* Look starting at the current context all the way `up' */
+ for (nv = v, nvc = vc; nvc; nvc = nvc->down)
+ {
+ nv2 = find_nameref_at_context (nv, nvc);
+ if (nv2 == 0)
+ continue;
+ nv = nv2;
+ if (*nvcp)
+ *nvcp = nvc;
+ }
+ return (nameref_p (nv) ? nv : (SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+}
+
+/* Find a variable, forcing a search of the temporary environment first */
+SHELL_VAR *
+find_variable_tempenv (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ var = find_variable_internal (name, FV_FORCETEMPENV);
+ if (var && nameref_p (var))
+ var = find_variable_nameref (var);
+ return (var);
+}
+
+/* Find a variable, not forcing a search of the temporary environment first */
+SHELL_VAR *
+find_variable_notempenv (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ var = find_variable_internal (name, 0);
+ if (var && nameref_p (var))
+ var = find_variable_nameref (var);
+ return (var);
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR *
+find_global_variable (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ var = var_lookup (name, global_variables);
+ if (var && nameref_p (var))
+ var = find_variable_nameref (var);
+
+ if (var == 0)
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+
+ return (var->dynamic_value ? (*(var->dynamic_value)) (var) : var);
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR *
+find_global_variable_noref (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ var = var_lookup (name, global_variables);
+
+ if (var == 0)
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+
+ return (var->dynamic_value ? (*(var->dynamic_value)) (var) : var);
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR *
+find_shell_variable (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ var = var_lookup (name, shell_variables);
+ if (var && nameref_p (var))
+ var = find_variable_nameref (var);
+
+ if (var == 0)
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+
+ return (var->dynamic_value ? (*(var->dynamic_value)) (var) : var);
+}
+
+/* Look up the variable entry named NAME. Returns the entry or NULL. */
+SHELL_VAR *
+find_variable (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+ int flags;
+
+ last_table_searched = 0;
+ flags = 0;
+ if (expanding_redir == 0 && (assigning_in_environment || executing_builtin))
+ flags |= FV_FORCETEMPENV;
+ v = find_variable_internal (name, flags);
+ if (v && nameref_p (v))
+ v = find_variable_nameref (v);
+ return v;
+}
+
+/* Find the first instance of NAME in the variable context chain; return first
+ one found without att_invisible set; return 0 if no non-invisible instances
+ found. */
+SHELL_VAR *
+find_variable_no_invisible (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+ int flags;
+
+ last_table_searched = 0;
+ flags = FV_SKIPINVISIBLE;
+ if (expanding_redir == 0 && (assigning_in_environment || executing_builtin))
+ flags |= FV_FORCETEMPENV;
+ v = find_variable_internal (name, flags);
+ if (v && nameref_p (v))
+ v = find_variable_nameref (v);
+ return v;
+}
+
+/* Find the first instance of NAME in the variable context chain; return first
+ one found even if att_invisible set. */
+SHELL_VAR *
+find_variable_for_assignment (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+ int flags;
+
+ last_table_searched = 0;
+ flags = 0;
+ if (expanding_redir == 0 && (assigning_in_environment || executing_builtin))
+ flags |= FV_FORCETEMPENV;
+ v = find_variable_internal (name, flags);
+ if (v && nameref_p (v))
+ v = find_variable_nameref (v);
+ return v;
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR *
+find_variable_noref (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+ int flags;
+
+ flags = 0;
+ if (expanding_redir == 0 && (assigning_in_environment || executing_builtin))
+ flags |= FV_FORCETEMPENV;
+ v = find_variable_internal (name, flags);
+ return v;
+}
+
+/* Look up the function entry whose name matches STRING.
+ Returns the entry or NULL. */
+SHELL_VAR *
+find_function (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ return (hash_lookup (name, shell_functions));
+}
+
+/* Find the function definition for the shell function named NAME. Returns
+ the entry or NULL. */
+FUNCTION_DEF *
+find_function_def (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+#if defined (DEBUGGER)
+ return ((FUNCTION_DEF *)hash_lookup (name, shell_function_defs));
+#else
+ return ((FUNCTION_DEF *)0);
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Return the value of VAR. VAR is assumed to have been the result of a
+ lookup without any subscript, if arrays are compiled into the shell. */
+char *
+get_variable_value (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ if (var == 0)
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ else if (array_p (var))
+ return (array_reference (array_cell (var), 0));
+ else if (assoc_p (var))
+ return (assoc_reference (assoc_cell (var), "0"));
+#endif
+ else
+ return (value_cell (var));
+}
+
+/* Return the string value of a variable. Return NULL if the variable
+ doesn't exist. Don't cons a new string. This is a potential memory
+ leak if the variable is found in the temporary environment. Since
+ functions and variables have separate name spaces, returns NULL if
+ var_name is a shell function only. */
+char *
+get_string_value (var_name)
+ const char *var_name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ var = find_variable (var_name);
+ return ((var) ? get_variable_value (var) : (char *)NULL);
+}
+
+/* This is present for use by the tilde and readline libraries. */
+char *
+sh_get_env_value (v)
+ const char *v;
+{
+ return get_string_value (v);
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Creating and setting variables */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* Set NAME to VALUE if NAME has no value. */
+SHELL_VAR *
+set_if_not (name, value)
+ char *name, *value;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+
+ if (shell_variables == 0)
+ create_variable_tables ();
+
+ v = find_variable (name);
+ if (v == 0)
+ v = bind_variable_internal (name, value, global_variables->table, HASH_NOSRCH, 0);
+ return (v);
+}
+
+/* Create a local variable referenced by NAME. */
+SHELL_VAR *
+make_local_variable (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *new_var, *old_var;
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vc;
+ int was_tmpvar;
+ char *tmp_value;
+
+ /* local foo; local foo; is a no-op. */
+ old_var = find_variable (name);
+ if (old_var && local_p (old_var) && old_var->context == variable_context)
+ return (old_var);
+
+ was_tmpvar = old_var && tempvar_p (old_var);
+ /* If we're making a local variable in a shell function, the temporary env
+ has already been merged into the function's variable context stack. We
+ can assume that a temporary var in the same context appears in the same
+ VAR_CONTEXT and can safely be returned without creating a new variable
+ (which results in duplicate names in the same VAR_CONTEXT->table */
+ /* We can't just test tmpvar_p because variables in the temporary env given
+ to a shell function appear in the function's local variable VAR_CONTEXT
+ but retain their tempvar attribute. We want temporary variables that are
+ found in temporary_env, hence the test for last_table_searched, which is
+ set in hash_lookup and only (so far) checked here. */
+ if (was_tmpvar && old_var->context == variable_context && last_table_searched != temporary_env)
+ {
+ VUNSETATTR (old_var, att_invisible); /* XXX */
+ return (old_var);
+ }
+ if (was_tmpvar)
+ tmp_value = value_cell (old_var);
+
+ for (vc = shell_variables; vc; vc = vc->down)
+ if (vc_isfuncenv (vc) && vc->scope == variable_context)
+ break;
+
+ if (vc == 0)
+ {
+ internal_error (_("make_local_variable: no function context at current scope"));
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+ }
+ else if (vc->table == 0)
+ vc->table = hash_create (TEMPENV_HASH_BUCKETS);
+
+ /* Since this is called only from the local/declare/typeset code, we can
+ call builtin_error here without worry (of course, it will also work
+ for anything that sets this_command_name). Variables with the `noassign'
+ attribute may not be made local. The test against old_var's context
+ level is to disallow local copies of readonly global variables (since I
+ believe that this could be a security hole). Readonly copies of calling
+ function local variables are OK. */
+ if (old_var && (noassign_p (old_var) ||
+ (readonly_p (old_var) && old_var->context == 0)))
+ {
+ if (readonly_p (old_var))
+ sh_readonly (name);
+ else if (noassign_p (old_var))
+ builtin_error (_("%s: variable may not be assigned value"), name);
+#if 0
+ /* Let noassign variables through with a warning */
+ if (readonly_p (old_var))
+#endif
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+ }
+
+ if (old_var == 0)
+ new_var = make_new_variable (name, vc->table);
+ else
+ {
+ new_var = make_new_variable (name, vc->table);
+
+ /* If we found this variable in one of the temporary environments,
+ inherit its value. Watch to see if this causes problems with
+ things like `x=4 local x'. XXX - see above for temporary env
+ variables with the same context level as variable_context */
+ /* XXX - we should only do this if the variable is not an array. */
+ if (was_tmpvar)
+ var_setvalue (new_var, savestring (tmp_value));
+
+ new_var->attributes = exported_p (old_var) ? att_exported : 0;
+ }
+
+ vc->flags |= VC_HASLOCAL;
+
+ new_var->context = variable_context;
+ VSETATTR (new_var, att_local);
+
+ if (ifsname (name))
+ setifs (new_var);
+
+ if (was_tmpvar == 0 && no_invisible_vars == 0)
+ VSETATTR (new_var, att_invisible); /* XXX */
+ return (new_var);
+}
+
+/* Create a new shell variable with name NAME. */
+static SHELL_VAR *
+new_shell_variable (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *entry;
+
+ entry = (SHELL_VAR *)xmalloc (sizeof (SHELL_VAR));
+
+ entry->name = savestring (name);
+ var_setvalue (entry, (char *)NULL);
+ CLEAR_EXPORTSTR (entry);
+
+ entry->dynamic_value = (sh_var_value_func_t *)NULL;
+ entry->assign_func = (sh_var_assign_func_t *)NULL;
+
+ entry->attributes = 0;
+
+ /* Always assume variables are to be made at toplevel!
+ make_local_variable has the responsibility of changing the
+ variable context. */
+ entry->context = 0;
+
+ return (entry);
+}
+
+/* Create a new shell variable with name NAME and add it to the hash table
+ TABLE. */
+static SHELL_VAR *
+make_new_variable (name, table)
+ const char *name;
+ HASH_TABLE *table;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *entry;
+ BUCKET_CONTENTS *elt;
+
+ entry = new_shell_variable (name);
+
+ /* Make sure we have a shell_variables hash table to add to. */
+ if (shell_variables == 0)
+ create_variable_tables ();
+
+ elt = hash_insert (savestring (name), table, HASH_NOSRCH);
+ elt->data = (PTR_T)entry;
+
+ return entry;
+}
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+SHELL_VAR *
+make_new_array_variable (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *entry;
+ ARRAY *array;
+
+ entry = make_new_variable (name, global_variables->table);
+ array = array_create ();
+
+ var_setarray (entry, array);
+ VSETATTR (entry, att_array);
+ return entry;
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR *
+make_local_array_variable (name, assoc_ok)
+ char *name;
+ int assoc_ok;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ ARRAY *array;
+
+ var = make_local_variable (name);
+ if (var == 0 || array_p (var) || (assoc_ok && assoc_p (var)))
+ return var;
+
+ array = array_create ();
+
+ dispose_variable_value (var);
+ var_setarray (var, array);
+ VSETATTR (var, att_array);
+ return var;
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR *
+make_new_assoc_variable (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *entry;
+ HASH_TABLE *hash;
+
+ entry = make_new_variable (name, global_variables->table);
+ hash = assoc_create (0);
+
+ var_setassoc (entry, hash);
+ VSETATTR (entry, att_assoc);
+ return entry;
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR *
+make_local_assoc_variable (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ HASH_TABLE *hash;
+
+ var = make_local_variable (name);
+ if (var == 0 || assoc_p (var))
+ return var;
+
+ dispose_variable_value (var);
+ hash = assoc_create (0);
+
+ var_setassoc (var, hash);
+ VSETATTR (var, att_assoc);
+ return var;
+}
+#endif
+
+char *
+make_variable_value (var, value, flags)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ char *value;
+ int flags;
+{
+ char *retval, *oval;
+ intmax_t lval, rval;
+ int expok, olen, op;
+
+ /* If this variable has had its type set to integer (via `declare -i'),
+ then do expression evaluation on it and store the result. The
+ functions in expr.c (evalexp()) and bind_int_variable() are responsible
+ for turning off the integer flag if they don't want further
+ evaluation done. */
+ if (integer_p (var))
+ {
+ if (flags & ASS_APPEND)
+ {
+ oval = value_cell (var);
+ lval = evalexp (oval, &expok); /* ksh93 seems to do this */
+ if (expok == 0)
+ {
+ top_level_cleanup ();
+ jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
+ }
+ }
+ rval = evalexp (value, &expok);
+ if (expok == 0)
+ {
+ top_level_cleanup ();
+ jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
+ }
+ /* This can be fooled if the variable's value changes while evaluating
+ `rval'. We can change it if we move the evaluation of lval to here. */
+ if (flags & ASS_APPEND)
+ rval += lval;
+ retval = itos (rval);
+ }
+#if defined (CASEMOD_ATTRS)
+ else if (capcase_p (var) || uppercase_p (var) || lowercase_p (var))
+ {
+ if (flags & ASS_APPEND)
+ {
+ oval = get_variable_value (var);
+ if (oval == 0) /* paranoia */
+ oval = "";
+ olen = STRLEN (oval);
+ retval = (char *)xmalloc (olen + (value ? STRLEN (value) : 0) + 1);
+ strcpy (retval, oval);
+ if (value)
+ strcpy (retval+olen, value);
+ }
+ else if (*value)
+ retval = savestring (value);
+ else
+ {
+ retval = (char *)xmalloc (1);
+ retval[0] = '\0';
+ }
+ op = capcase_p (var) ? CASE_CAPITALIZE
+ : (uppercase_p (var) ? CASE_UPPER : CASE_LOWER);
+ oval = sh_modcase (retval, (char *)0, op);
+ free (retval);
+ retval = oval;
+ }
+#endif /* CASEMOD_ATTRS */
+ else if (value)
+ {
+ if (flags & ASS_APPEND)
+ {
+ oval = get_variable_value (var);
+ if (oval == 0) /* paranoia */
+ oval = "";
+ olen = STRLEN (oval);
+ retval = (char *)xmalloc (olen + (value ? STRLEN (value) : 0) + 1);
+ strcpy (retval, oval);
+ if (value)
+ strcpy (retval+olen, value);
+ }
+ else if (*value)
+ retval = savestring (value);
+ else
+ {
+ retval = (char *)xmalloc (1);
+ retval[0] = '\0';
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ retval = (char *)NULL;
+
+ return retval;
+}
+
+/* Bind a variable NAME to VALUE in the HASH_TABLE TABLE, which may be the
+ temporary environment (but usually is not). */
+static SHELL_VAR *
+bind_variable_internal (name, value, table, hflags, aflags)
+ const char *name;
+ char *value;
+ HASH_TABLE *table;
+ int hflags, aflags;
+{
+ char *newval;
+ SHELL_VAR *entry;
+
+ entry = (hflags & HASH_NOSRCH) ? (SHELL_VAR *)NULL : hash_lookup (name, table);
+ /* Follow the nameref chain here if this is the global variables table */
+ if (entry && nameref_p (entry) && (invisible_p (entry) == 0) && table == global_variables->table)
+ {
+ entry = find_global_variable (entry->name);
+ /* Let's see if we have a nameref referencing a variable that hasn't yet
+ been created. */
+ if (entry == 0)
+ entry = find_variable_last_nameref (name); /* XXX */
+ if (entry == 0) /* just in case */
+ return (entry);
+ }
+
+ /* The first clause handles `declare -n ref; ref=x;' */
+ if (entry && invisible_p (entry) && nameref_p (entry))
+ goto assign_value;
+ else if (entry && nameref_p (entry))
+ {
+ newval = nameref_cell (entry);
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ /* declare -n foo=x[2] */
+ if (valid_array_reference (newval))
+ /* XXX - should it be aflags? */
+ entry = assign_array_element (newval, make_variable_value (entry, value, 0), aflags);
+ else
+#endif
+ {
+ entry = make_new_variable (newval, table);
+ var_setvalue (entry, make_variable_value (entry, value, 0));
+ }
+ }
+ else if (entry == 0)
+ {
+ entry = make_new_variable (name, table);
+ var_setvalue (entry, make_variable_value (entry, value, 0)); /* XXX */
+ }
+ else if (entry->assign_func) /* array vars have assign functions now */
+ {
+ INVALIDATE_EXPORTSTR (entry);
+ newval = (aflags & ASS_APPEND) ? make_variable_value (entry, value, aflags) : value;
+ if (assoc_p (entry))
+ entry = (*(entry->assign_func)) (entry, newval, -1, savestring ("0"));
+ else if (array_p (entry))
+ entry = (*(entry->assign_func)) (entry, newval, 0, 0);
+ else
+ entry = (*(entry->assign_func)) (entry, newval, -1, 0);
+ if (newval != value)
+ free (newval);
+ return (entry);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+assign_value:
+ if (readonly_p (entry) || noassign_p (entry))
+ {
+ if (readonly_p (entry))
+ err_readonly (name);
+ return (entry);
+ }
+
+ /* Variables which are bound are visible. */
+ VUNSETATTR (entry, att_invisible);
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ if (assoc_p (entry) || array_p (entry))
+ newval = make_array_variable_value (entry, 0, "0", value, aflags);
+ else
+#endif
+
+ newval = make_variable_value (entry, value, aflags); /* XXX */
+
+ /* Invalidate any cached export string */
+ INVALIDATE_EXPORTSTR (entry);
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ /* XXX -- this bears looking at again -- XXX */
+ /* If an existing array variable x is being assigned to with x=b or
+ `read x' or something of that nature, silently convert it to
+ x[0]=b or `read x[0]'. */
+ if (assoc_p (entry))
+ {
+ assoc_insert (assoc_cell (entry), savestring ("0"), newval);
+ free (newval);
+ }
+ else if (array_p (entry))
+ {
+ array_insert (array_cell (entry), 0, newval);
+ free (newval);
+ }
+ else
+#endif
+ {
+ FREE (value_cell (entry));
+ var_setvalue (entry, newval);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (mark_modified_vars)
+ VSETATTR (entry, att_exported);
+
+ if (exported_p (entry))
+ array_needs_making = 1;
+
+ return (entry);
+}
+
+/* Bind a variable NAME to VALUE. This conses up the name
+ and value strings. If we have a temporary environment, we bind there
+ first, then we bind into shell_variables. */
+
+SHELL_VAR *
+bind_variable (name, value, flags)
+ const char *name;
+ char *value;
+ int flags;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v, *nv;
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vc, *nvc;
+ int level;
+
+ if (shell_variables == 0)
+ create_variable_tables ();
+
+ /* If we have a temporary environment, look there first for the variable,
+ and, if found, modify the value there before modifying it in the
+ shell_variables table. This allows sourced scripts to modify values
+ given to them in a temporary environment while modifying the variable
+ value that the caller sees. */
+ if (temporary_env)
+ bind_tempenv_variable (name, value);
+
+ /* XXX -- handle local variables here. */
+ for (vc = shell_variables; vc; vc = vc->down)
+ {
+ if (vc_isfuncenv (vc) || vc_isbltnenv (vc))
+ {
+ v = hash_lookup (name, vc->table);
+ nvc = vc;
+ if (v && nameref_p (v))
+ {
+ nv = find_variable_nameref_context (v, vc, &nvc);
+ if (nv == 0)
+ {
+ nv = find_variable_last_nameref_context (v, vc, &nvc);
+ if (nv && nameref_p (nv))
+ {
+ /* If this nameref variable doesn't have a value yet,
+ set the value. Otherwise, assign using the value as
+ normal. */
+ if (nameref_cell (nv) == 0)
+ return (bind_variable_internal (nv->name, value, nvc->table, 0, flags));
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ else if (valid_array_reference (nameref_cell (nv)))
+ return (assign_array_element (nameref_cell (nv), value, flags));
+ else
+#endif
+ return (bind_variable_internal (nameref_cell (nv), value, nvc->table, 0, flags));
+ }
+ else
+ v = nv;
+ }
+ else
+ v = nv;
+ }
+ if (v)
+ return (bind_variable_internal (v->name, value, nvc->table, 0, flags));
+ }
+ }
+ /* bind_variable_internal will handle nameref resolution in this case */
+ return (bind_variable_internal (name, value, global_variables->table, 0, flags));
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR *
+bind_global_variable (name, value, flags)
+ const char *name;
+ char *value;
+ int flags;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v, *nv;
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vc, *nvc;
+ int level;
+
+ if (shell_variables == 0)
+ create_variable_tables ();
+
+ /* bind_variable_internal will handle nameref resolution in this case */
+ return (bind_variable_internal (name, value, global_variables->table, 0, flags));
+}
+
+/* Make VAR, a simple shell variable, have value VALUE. Once assigned a
+ value, variables are no longer invisible. This is a duplicate of part
+ of the internals of bind_variable. If the variable is exported, or
+ all modified variables should be exported, mark the variable for export
+ and note that the export environment needs to be recreated. */
+SHELL_VAR *
+bind_variable_value (var, value, aflags)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ char *value;
+ int aflags;
+{
+ char *t;
+ int invis;
+
+ invis = invisible_p (var);
+ VUNSETATTR (var, att_invisible);
+
+ if (var->assign_func)
+ {
+ /* If we're appending, we need the old value, so use
+ make_variable_value */
+ t = (aflags & ASS_APPEND) ? make_variable_value (var, value, aflags) : value;
+ (*(var->assign_func)) (var, t, -1, 0);
+ if (t != value && t)
+ free (t);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ t = make_variable_value (var, value, aflags);
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ if ((aflags & ASS_NAMEREF) && (t == 0 || *t == 0 || (legal_identifier (t) == 0 && valid_array_reference (t) == 0)))
+#else
+ if ((aflags & ASS_NAMEREF) && (t == 0 || *t == 0 || legal_identifier (t) == 0))
+#endif
+ {
+ free (t);
+ if (invis)
+ VSETATTR (var, att_invisible); /* XXX */
+ return ((SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+ }
+ FREE (value_cell (var));
+ var_setvalue (var, t);
+ }
+
+ INVALIDATE_EXPORTSTR (var);
+
+ if (mark_modified_vars)
+ VSETATTR (var, att_exported);
+
+ if (exported_p (var))
+ array_needs_making = 1;
+
+ return (var);
+}
+
+/* Bind/create a shell variable with the name LHS to the RHS.
+ This creates or modifies a variable such that it is an integer.
+
+ This used to be in expr.c, but it is here so that all of the
+ variable binding stuff is localized. Since we don't want any
+ recursive evaluation from bind_variable() (possible without this code,
+ since bind_variable() calls the evaluator for variables with the integer
+ attribute set), we temporarily turn off the integer attribute for each
+ variable we set here, then turn it back on after binding as necessary. */
+
+SHELL_VAR *
+bind_int_variable (lhs, rhs)
+ char *lhs, *rhs;
+{
+ register SHELL_VAR *v;
+ int isint, isarr, implicitarray;
+
+ isint = isarr = implicitarray = 0;
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ if (valid_array_reference (lhs))
+ {
+ isarr = 1;
+ v = array_variable_part (lhs, (char **)0, (int *)0);
+ }
+ else
+#endif
+ v = find_variable (lhs);
+
+ if (v)
+ {
+ isint = integer_p (v);
+ VUNSETATTR (v, att_integer);
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ if (array_p (v) && isarr == 0)
+ implicitarray = 1;
+#endif
+ }
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ if (isarr)
+ v = assign_array_element (lhs, rhs, 0);
+ else if (implicitarray)
+ v = bind_array_variable (lhs, 0, rhs, 0);
+ else
+#endif
+ v = bind_variable (lhs, rhs, 0);
+
+ if (v && isint)
+ VSETATTR (v, att_integer);
+
+ VUNSETATTR (v, att_invisible);
+
+ return (v);
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR *
+bind_var_to_int (var, val)
+ char *var;
+ intmax_t val;
+{
+ char ibuf[INT_STRLEN_BOUND (intmax_t) + 1], *p;
+
+ p = fmtulong (val, 10, ibuf, sizeof (ibuf), 0);
+ return (bind_int_variable (var, p));
+}
+
+/* Do a function binding to a variable. You pass the name and
+ the command to bind to. This conses the name and command. */
+SHELL_VAR *
+bind_function (name, value)
+ const char *name;
+ COMMAND *value;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *entry;
+
+ entry = find_function (name);
+ if (entry == 0)
+ {
+ BUCKET_CONTENTS *elt;
+
+ elt = hash_insert (savestring (name), shell_functions, HASH_NOSRCH);
+ entry = new_shell_variable (name);
+ elt->data = (PTR_T)entry;
+ }
+ else
+ INVALIDATE_EXPORTSTR (entry);
+
+ if (var_isset (entry))
+ dispose_command (function_cell (entry));
+
+ if (value)
+ var_setfunc (entry, copy_command (value));
+ else
+ var_setfunc (entry, 0);
+
+ VSETATTR (entry, att_function);
+
+ if (mark_modified_vars)
+ VSETATTR (entry, att_exported);
+
+ VUNSETATTR (entry, att_invisible); /* Just to be sure */
+
+ if (exported_p (entry))
+ array_needs_making = 1;
+
+#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
+ set_itemlist_dirty (&it_functions);
+#endif
+
+ return (entry);
+}
+
+#if defined (DEBUGGER)
+/* Bind a function definition, which includes source file and line number
+ information in addition to the command, into the FUNCTION_DEF hash table.*/
+void
+bind_function_def (name, value)
+ const char *name;
+ FUNCTION_DEF *value;
+{
+ FUNCTION_DEF *entry;
+ BUCKET_CONTENTS *elt;
+ COMMAND *cmd;
+
+ entry = find_function_def (name);
+ if (entry)
+ {
+ dispose_function_def_contents (entry);
+ entry = copy_function_def_contents (value, entry);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ cmd = value->command;
+ value->command = 0;
+ entry = copy_function_def (value);
+ value->command = cmd;
+
+ elt = hash_insert (savestring (name), shell_function_defs, HASH_NOSRCH);
+ elt->data = (PTR_T *)entry;
+ }
+}
+#endif /* DEBUGGER */
+
+/* Add STRING, which is of the form foo=bar, to the temporary environment
+ HASH_TABLE (temporary_env). The functions in execute_cmd.c are
+ responsible for moving the main temporary env to one of the other
+ temporary environments. The expansion code in subst.c calls this. */
+int
+assign_in_env (word, flags)
+ WORD_DESC *word;
+ int flags;
+{
+ int offset, aflags;
+ char *name, *temp, *value;
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ const char *string;
+
+ string = word->word;
+
+ aflags = 0;
+ offset = assignment (string, 0);
+ name = savestring (string);
+ value = (char *)NULL;
+
+ if (name[offset] == '=')
+ {
+ name[offset] = 0;
+
+ /* don't ignore the `+' when assigning temporary environment */
+ if (name[offset - 1] == '+')
+ {
+ name[offset - 1] = '\0';
+ aflags |= ASS_APPEND;
+ }
+
+ var = find_variable (name);
+ if (var && (readonly_p (var) || noassign_p (var)))
+ {
+ if (readonly_p (var))
+ err_readonly (name);
+ free (name);
+ return (0);
+ }
+
+ temp = name + offset + 1;
+ value = expand_assignment_string_to_string (temp, 0);
+
+ if (var && (aflags & ASS_APPEND))
+ {
+ temp = make_variable_value (var, value, aflags);
+ FREE (value);
+ value = temp;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (temporary_env == 0)
+ temporary_env = hash_create (TEMPENV_HASH_BUCKETS);
+
+ var = hash_lookup (name, temporary_env);
+ if (var == 0)
+ var = make_new_variable (name, temporary_env);
+ else
+ FREE (value_cell (var));
+
+ if (value == 0)
+ {
+ value = (char *)xmalloc (1); /* like do_assignment_internal */
+ value[0] = '\0';
+ }
+
+ var_setvalue (var, value);
+ var->attributes |= (att_exported|att_tempvar);
+ var->context = variable_context; /* XXX */
+
+ INVALIDATE_EXPORTSTR (var);
+ var->exportstr = mk_env_string (name, value, 0);
+
+ array_needs_making = 1;
+
+ if (flags)
+ stupidly_hack_special_variables (name);
+
+ if (echo_command_at_execute)
+ /* The Korn shell prints the `+ ' in front of assignment statements,
+ so we do too. */
+ xtrace_print_assignment (name, value, 0, 1);
+
+ free (name);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Copying variables */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+#ifdef INCLUDE_UNUSED
+/* Copy VAR to a new data structure and return that structure. */
+SHELL_VAR *
+copy_variable (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *copy = (SHELL_VAR *)NULL;
+
+ if (var)
+ {
+ copy = (SHELL_VAR *)xmalloc (sizeof (SHELL_VAR));
+
+ copy->attributes = var->attributes;
+ copy->name = savestring (var->name);
+
+ if (function_p (var))
+ var_setfunc (copy, copy_command (function_cell (var)));
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ else if (array_p (var))
+ var_setarray (copy, array_copy (array_cell (var)));
+ else if (assoc_p (var))
+ var_setassoc (copy, assoc_copy (assoc_cell (var)));
+#endif
+ else if (nameref_cell (var)) /* XXX - nameref */
+ var_setref (copy, savestring (nameref_cell (var)));
+ else if (value_cell (var)) /* XXX - nameref */
+ var_setvalue (copy, savestring (value_cell (var)));
+ else
+ var_setvalue (copy, (char *)NULL);
+
+ copy->dynamic_value = var->dynamic_value;
+ copy->assign_func = var->assign_func;
+
+ copy->exportstr = COPY_EXPORTSTR (var);
+
+ copy->context = var->context;
+ }
+ return (copy);
+}
+#endif
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Deleting and unsetting variables */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* Dispose of the information attached to VAR. */
+static void
+dispose_variable_value (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ if (function_p (var))
+ dispose_command (function_cell (var));
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ else if (array_p (var))
+ array_dispose (array_cell (var));
+ else if (assoc_p (var))
+ assoc_dispose (assoc_cell (var));
+#endif
+ else if (nameref_p (var))
+ FREE (nameref_cell (var));
+ else
+ FREE (value_cell (var));
+}
+
+void
+dispose_variable (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ if (var == 0)
+ return;
+
+ if (nofree_p (var) == 0)
+ dispose_variable_value (var);
+
+ FREE_EXPORTSTR (var);
+
+ free (var->name);
+
+ if (exported_p (var))
+ array_needs_making = 1;
+
+ free (var);
+}
+
+/* Unset the shell variable referenced by NAME. Unsetting a nameref variable
+ unsets the variable it resolves to but leaves the nameref alone. */
+int
+unbind_variable (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v, *nv;
+ int r;
+
+ v = var_lookup (name, shell_variables);
+ nv = (v && nameref_p (v)) ? find_variable_nameref (v) : (SHELL_VAR *)NULL;
+
+ r = nv ? makunbound (nv->name, shell_variables) : makunbound (name, shell_variables);
+ return r;
+}
+
+/* Unbind NAME, where NAME is assumed to be a nameref variable */
+int
+unbind_nameref (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+
+ v = var_lookup (name, shell_variables);
+ if (v && nameref_p (v))
+ return makunbound (name, shell_variables);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Unset the shell function named NAME. */
+int
+unbind_func (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ BUCKET_CONTENTS *elt;
+ SHELL_VAR *func;
+
+ elt = hash_remove (name, shell_functions, 0);
+
+ if (elt == 0)
+ return -1;
+
+#if defined (PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
+ set_itemlist_dirty (&it_functions);
+#endif
+
+ func = (SHELL_VAR *)elt->data;
+ if (func)
+ {
+ if (exported_p (func))
+ array_needs_making++;
+ dispose_variable (func);
+ }
+
+ free (elt->key);
+ free (elt);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#if defined (DEBUGGER)
+int
+unbind_function_def (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ BUCKET_CONTENTS *elt;
+ FUNCTION_DEF *funcdef;
+
+ elt = hash_remove (name, shell_function_defs, 0);
+
+ if (elt == 0)
+ return -1;
+
+ funcdef = (FUNCTION_DEF *)elt->data;
+ if (funcdef)
+ dispose_function_def (funcdef);
+
+ free (elt->key);
+ free (elt);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+#endif /* DEBUGGER */
+
+int
+delete_var (name, vc)
+ const char *name;
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vc;
+{
+ BUCKET_CONTENTS *elt;
+ SHELL_VAR *old_var;
+ VAR_CONTEXT *v;
+
+ for (elt = (BUCKET_CONTENTS *)NULL, v = vc; v; v = v->down)
+ if (elt = hash_remove (name, v->table, 0))
+ break;
+
+ if (elt == 0)
+ return (-1);
+
+ old_var = (SHELL_VAR *)elt->data;
+ free (elt->key);
+ free (elt);
+
+ dispose_variable (old_var);
+ return (0);
+}
+
+/* Make the variable associated with NAME go away. HASH_LIST is the
+ hash table from which this variable should be deleted (either
+ shell_variables or shell_functions).
+ Returns non-zero if the variable couldn't be found. */
+int
+makunbound (name, vc)
+ const char *name;
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vc;
+{
+ BUCKET_CONTENTS *elt, *new_elt;
+ SHELL_VAR *old_var;
+ VAR_CONTEXT *v;
+ char *t;
+
+ for (elt = (BUCKET_CONTENTS *)NULL, v = vc; v; v = v->down)
+ if (elt = hash_remove (name, v->table, 0))
+ break;
+
+ if (elt == 0)
+ return (-1);
+
+ old_var = (SHELL_VAR *)elt->data;
+
+ if (old_var && exported_p (old_var))
+ array_needs_making++;
+
+ /* If we're unsetting a local variable and we're still executing inside
+ the function, just mark the variable as invisible. The function
+ eventually called by pop_var_context() will clean it up later. This
+ must be done so that if the variable is subsequently assigned a new
+ value inside the function, the `local' attribute is still present.
+ We also need to add it back into the correct hash table. */
+ if (old_var && local_p (old_var) && variable_context == old_var->context)
+ {
+ if (nofree_p (old_var))
+ var_setvalue (old_var, (char *)NULL);
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ else if (array_p (old_var))
+ array_dispose (array_cell (old_var));
+ else if (assoc_p (old_var))
+ assoc_dispose (assoc_cell (old_var));
+#endif
+ else if (nameref_p (old_var))
+ FREE (nameref_cell (old_var));
+ else
+ FREE (value_cell (old_var));
+ /* Reset the attributes. Preserve the export attribute if the variable
+ came from a temporary environment. Make sure it stays local, and
+ make it invisible. */
+ old_var->attributes = (exported_p (old_var) && tempvar_p (old_var)) ? att_exported : 0;
+ VSETATTR (old_var, att_local);
+ VSETATTR (old_var, att_invisible);
+ var_setvalue (old_var, (char *)NULL);
+ INVALIDATE_EXPORTSTR (old_var);
+
+ new_elt = hash_insert (savestring (old_var->name), v->table, 0);
+ new_elt->data = (PTR_T)old_var;
+ stupidly_hack_special_variables (old_var->name);
+
+ free (elt->key);
+ free (elt);
+ return (0);
+ }
+
+ /* Have to save a copy of name here, because it might refer to
+ old_var->name. If so, stupidly_hack_special_variables will
+ reference freed memory. */
+ t = savestring (name);
+
+ free (elt->key);
+ free (elt);
+
+ dispose_variable (old_var);
+ stupidly_hack_special_variables (t);
+ free (t);
+
+ return (0);
+}
+
+/* Get rid of all of the variables in the current context. */
+void
+kill_all_local_variables ()
+{
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vc;
+
+ for (vc = shell_variables; vc; vc = vc->down)
+ if (vc_isfuncenv (vc) && vc->scope == variable_context)
+ break;
+ if (vc == 0)
+ return; /* XXX */
+
+ if (vc->table && vc_haslocals (vc))
+ {
+ delete_all_variables (vc->table);
+ hash_dispose (vc->table);
+ }
+ vc->table = (HASH_TABLE *)NULL;
+}
+
+static void
+free_variable_hash_data (data)
+ PTR_T data;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ var = (SHELL_VAR *)data;
+ dispose_variable (var);
+}
+
+/* Delete the entire contents of the hash table. */
+void
+delete_all_variables (hashed_vars)
+ HASH_TABLE *hashed_vars;
+{
+ hash_flush (hashed_vars, free_variable_hash_data);
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Setting variable attributes */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+#define FIND_OR_MAKE_VARIABLE(name, entry) \
+ do \
+ { \
+ entry = find_variable (name); \
+ if (!entry) \
+ { \
+ entry = bind_variable (name, "", 0); \
+ if (!no_invisible_vars && entry) entry->attributes |= att_invisible; \
+ } \
+ } \
+ while (0)
+
+/* Make the variable associated with NAME be readonly.
+ If NAME does not exist yet, create it. */
+void
+set_var_read_only (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *entry;
+
+ FIND_OR_MAKE_VARIABLE (name, entry);
+ VSETATTR (entry, att_readonly);
+}
+
+#ifdef INCLUDE_UNUSED
+/* Make the function associated with NAME be readonly.
+ If NAME does not exist, we just punt, like auto_export code below. */
+void
+set_func_read_only (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *entry;
+
+ entry = find_function (name);
+ if (entry)
+ VSETATTR (entry, att_readonly);
+}
+
+/* Make the variable associated with NAME be auto-exported.
+ If NAME does not exist yet, create it. */
+void
+set_var_auto_export (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *entry;
+
+ FIND_OR_MAKE_VARIABLE (name, entry);
+ set_auto_export (entry);
+}
+
+/* Make the function associated with NAME be auto-exported. */
+void
+set_func_auto_export (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *entry;
+
+ entry = find_function (name);
+ if (entry)
+ set_auto_export (entry);
+}
+#endif
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Creating lists of variables */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+static VARLIST *
+vlist_alloc (nentries)
+ int nentries;
+{
+ VARLIST *vlist;
+
+ vlist = (VARLIST *)xmalloc (sizeof (VARLIST));
+ vlist->list = (SHELL_VAR **)xmalloc ((nentries + 1) * sizeof (SHELL_VAR *));
+ vlist->list_size = nentries;
+ vlist->list_len = 0;
+ vlist->list[0] = (SHELL_VAR *)NULL;
+
+ return vlist;
+}
+
+static VARLIST *
+vlist_realloc (vlist, n)
+ VARLIST *vlist;
+ int n;
+{
+ if (vlist == 0)
+ return (vlist = vlist_alloc (n));
+ if (n > vlist->list_size)
+ {
+ vlist->list_size = n;
+ vlist->list = (SHELL_VAR **)xrealloc (vlist->list, (vlist->list_size + 1) * sizeof (SHELL_VAR *));
+ }
+ return vlist;
+}
+
+static void
+vlist_add (vlist, var, flags)
+ VARLIST *vlist;
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+ int flags;
+{
+ register int i;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < vlist->list_len; i++)
+ if (STREQ (var->name, vlist->list[i]->name))
+ break;
+ if (i < vlist->list_len)
+ return;
+
+ if (i >= vlist->list_size)
+ vlist = vlist_realloc (vlist, vlist->list_size + 16);
+
+ vlist->list[vlist->list_len++] = var;
+ vlist->list[vlist->list_len] = (SHELL_VAR *)NULL;
+}
+
+/* Map FUNCTION over the variables in VAR_HASH_TABLE. Return an array of the
+ variables for which FUNCTION returns a non-zero value. A NULL value
+ for FUNCTION means to use all variables. */
+SHELL_VAR **
+map_over (function, vc)
+ sh_var_map_func_t *function;
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vc;
+{
+ VAR_CONTEXT *v;
+ VARLIST *vlist;
+ SHELL_VAR **ret;
+ int nentries;
+
+ for (nentries = 0, v = vc; v; v = v->down)
+ nentries += HASH_ENTRIES (v->table);
+
+ if (nentries == 0)
+ return (SHELL_VAR **)NULL;
+
+ vlist = vlist_alloc (nentries);
+
+ for (v = vc; v; v = v->down)
+ flatten (v->table, function, vlist, 0);
+
+ ret = vlist->list;
+ free (vlist);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR **
+map_over_funcs (function)
+ sh_var_map_func_t *function;
+{
+ VARLIST *vlist;
+ SHELL_VAR **ret;
+
+ if (shell_functions == 0 || HASH_ENTRIES (shell_functions) == 0)
+ return ((SHELL_VAR **)NULL);
+
+ vlist = vlist_alloc (HASH_ENTRIES (shell_functions));
+
+ flatten (shell_functions, function, vlist, 0);
+
+ ret = vlist->list;
+ free (vlist);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* Flatten VAR_HASH_TABLE, applying FUNC to each member and adding those
+ elements for which FUNC succeeds to VLIST->list. FLAGS is reserved
+ for future use. Only unique names are added to VLIST. If FUNC is
+ NULL, each variable in VAR_HASH_TABLE is added to VLIST. If VLIST is
+ NULL, FUNC is applied to each SHELL_VAR in VAR_HASH_TABLE. If VLIST
+ and FUNC are both NULL, nothing happens. */
+static void
+flatten (var_hash_table, func, vlist, flags)
+ HASH_TABLE *var_hash_table;
+ sh_var_map_func_t *func;
+ VARLIST *vlist;
+ int flags;
+{
+ register int i;
+ register BUCKET_CONTENTS *tlist;
+ int r;
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ if (var_hash_table == 0 || (HASH_ENTRIES (var_hash_table) == 0) || (vlist == 0 && func == 0))
+ return;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < var_hash_table->nbuckets; i++)
+ {
+ for (tlist = hash_items (i, var_hash_table); tlist; tlist = tlist->next)
+ {
+ var = (SHELL_VAR *)tlist->data;
+
+ r = func ? (*func) (var) : 1;
+ if (r && vlist)
+ vlist_add (vlist, var, flags);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+void
+sort_variables (array)
+ SHELL_VAR **array;
+{
+ qsort (array, strvec_len ((char **)array), sizeof (SHELL_VAR *), (QSFUNC *)qsort_var_comp);
+}
+
+static int
+qsort_var_comp (var1, var2)
+ SHELL_VAR **var1, **var2;
+{
+ int result;
+
+ if ((result = (*var1)->name[0] - (*var2)->name[0]) == 0)
+ result = strcmp ((*var1)->name, (*var2)->name);
+
+ return (result);
+}
+
+/* Apply FUNC to each variable in SHELL_VARIABLES, adding each one for
+ which FUNC succeeds to an array of SHELL_VAR *s. Returns the array. */
+static SHELL_VAR **
+vapply (func)
+ sh_var_map_func_t *func;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR **list;
+
+ list = map_over (func, shell_variables);
+ if (list /* && posixly_correct */)
+ sort_variables (list);
+ return (list);
+}
+
+/* Apply FUNC to each variable in SHELL_FUNCTIONS, adding each one for
+ which FUNC succeeds to an array of SHELL_VAR *s. Returns the array. */
+static SHELL_VAR **
+fapply (func)
+ sh_var_map_func_t *func;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR **list;
+
+ list = map_over_funcs (func);
+ if (list /* && posixly_correct */)
+ sort_variables (list);
+ return (list);
+}
+
+/* Create a NULL terminated array of all the shell variables. */
+SHELL_VAR **
+all_shell_variables ()
+{
+ return (vapply ((sh_var_map_func_t *)NULL));
+}
+
+/* Create a NULL terminated array of all the shell functions. */
+SHELL_VAR **
+all_shell_functions ()
+{
+ return (fapply ((sh_var_map_func_t *)NULL));
+}
+
+static int
+visible_var (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ return (invisible_p (var) == 0);
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR **
+all_visible_functions ()
+{
+ return (fapply (visible_var));
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR **
+all_visible_variables ()
+{
+ return (vapply (visible_var));
+}
+
+/* Return non-zero if the variable VAR is visible and exported. Array
+ variables cannot be exported. */
+static int
+visible_and_exported (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ return (invisible_p (var) == 0 && exported_p (var));
+}
+
+/* Candidate variables for the export environment are either valid variables
+ with the export attribute or invalid variables inherited from the initial
+ environment and simply passed through. */
+static int
+export_environment_candidate (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ return (exported_p (var) && (invisible_p (var) == 0 || imported_p (var)));
+}
+
+/* Return non-zero if VAR is a local variable in the current context and
+ is exported. */
+static int
+local_and_exported (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ return (invisible_p (var) == 0 && local_p (var) && var->context == variable_context && exported_p (var));
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR **
+all_exported_variables ()
+{
+ return (vapply (visible_and_exported));
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR **
+local_exported_variables ()
+{
+ return (vapply (local_and_exported));
+}
+
+static int
+variable_in_context (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ return (invisible_p (var) == 0 && local_p (var) && var->context == variable_context);
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR **
+all_local_variables ()
+{
+ VARLIST *vlist;
+ SHELL_VAR **ret;
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vc;
+
+ vc = shell_variables;
+ for (vc = shell_variables; vc; vc = vc->down)
+ if (vc_isfuncenv (vc) && vc->scope == variable_context)
+ break;
+
+ if (vc == 0)
+ {
+ internal_error (_("all_local_variables: no function context at current scope"));
+ return (SHELL_VAR **)NULL;
+ }
+ if (vc->table == 0 || HASH_ENTRIES (vc->table) == 0 || vc_haslocals (vc) == 0)
+ return (SHELL_VAR **)NULL;
+
+ vlist = vlist_alloc (HASH_ENTRIES (vc->table));
+
+ flatten (vc->table, variable_in_context, vlist, 0);
+
+ ret = vlist->list;
+ free (vlist);
+ if (ret)
+ sort_variables (ret);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+/* Return non-zero if the variable VAR is visible and an array. */
+static int
+visible_array_vars (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ return (invisible_p (var) == 0 && array_p (var));
+}
+
+SHELL_VAR **
+all_array_variables ()
+{
+ return (vapply (visible_array_vars));
+}
+#endif /* ARRAY_VARS */
+
+char **
+all_variables_matching_prefix (prefix)
+ const char *prefix;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR **varlist;
+ char **rlist;
+ int vind, rind, plen;
+
+ plen = STRLEN (prefix);
+ varlist = all_visible_variables ();
+ for (vind = 0; varlist && varlist[vind]; vind++)
+ ;
+ if (varlist == 0 || vind == 0)
+ return ((char **)NULL);
+ rlist = strvec_create (vind + 1);
+ for (vind = rind = 0; varlist[vind]; vind++)
+ {
+ if (plen == 0 || STREQN (prefix, varlist[vind]->name, plen))
+ rlist[rind++] = savestring (varlist[vind]->name);
+ }
+ rlist[rind] = (char *)0;
+ free (varlist);
+
+ return rlist;
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Managing temporary variable scopes */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* Make variable NAME have VALUE in the temporary environment. */
+static SHELL_VAR *
+bind_tempenv_variable (name, value)
+ const char *name;
+ char *value;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ var = temporary_env ? hash_lookup (name, temporary_env) : (SHELL_VAR *)NULL;
+
+ if (var)
+ {
+ FREE (value_cell (var));
+ var_setvalue (var, savestring (value));
+ INVALIDATE_EXPORTSTR (var);
+ }
+
+ return (var);
+}
+
+/* Find a variable in the temporary environment that is named NAME.
+ Return the SHELL_VAR *, or NULL if not found. */
+SHELL_VAR *
+find_tempenv_variable (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ return (temporary_env ? hash_lookup (name, temporary_env) : (SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
+}
+
+char **tempvar_list;
+int tvlist_ind;
+
+/* Push the variable described by (SHELL_VAR *)DATA down to the next
+ variable context from the temporary environment. */
+static void
+push_temp_var (data)
+ PTR_T data;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var, *v;
+ HASH_TABLE *binding_table;
+
+ var = (SHELL_VAR *)data;
+
+ binding_table = shell_variables->table;
+ if (binding_table == 0)
+ {
+ if (shell_variables == global_variables)
+ /* shouldn't happen */
+ binding_table = shell_variables->table = global_variables->table = hash_create (0);
+ else
+ binding_table = shell_variables->table = hash_create (TEMPENV_HASH_BUCKETS);
+ }
+
+ v = bind_variable_internal (var->name, value_cell (var), binding_table, 0, 0);
+
+ /* XXX - should we set the context here? It shouldn't matter because of how
+ assign_in_env works, but might want to check. */
+ if (binding_table == global_variables->table) /* XXX */
+ var->attributes &= ~(att_tempvar|att_propagate);
+ else
+ {
+ var->attributes |= att_propagate;
+ if (binding_table == shell_variables->table)
+ shell_variables->flags |= VC_HASTMPVAR;
+ }
+ v->attributes |= var->attributes;
+
+ if (find_special_var (var->name) >= 0)
+ tempvar_list[tvlist_ind++] = savestring (var->name);
+
+ dispose_variable (var);
+}
+
+static void
+propagate_temp_var (data)
+ PTR_T data;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+
+ var = (SHELL_VAR *)data;
+ if (tempvar_p (var) && (var->attributes & att_propagate))
+ push_temp_var (data);
+ else
+ {
+ if (find_special_var (var->name) >= 0)
+ tempvar_list[tvlist_ind++] = savestring (var->name);
+ dispose_variable (var);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Free the storage used in the hash table for temporary
+ environment variables. PUSHF is a function to be called
+ to free each hash table entry. It takes care of pushing variables
+ to previous scopes if appropriate. PUSHF stores names of variables
+ that require special handling (e.g., IFS) on tempvar_list, so this
+ function can call stupidly_hack_special_variables on all the
+ variables in the list when the temporary hash table is destroyed. */
+static void
+dispose_temporary_env (pushf)
+ sh_free_func_t *pushf;
+{
+ int i;
+
+ tempvar_list = strvec_create (HASH_ENTRIES (temporary_env) + 1);
+ tempvar_list[tvlist_ind = 0] = 0;
+
+ hash_flush (temporary_env, pushf);
+ hash_dispose (temporary_env);
+ temporary_env = (HASH_TABLE *)NULL;
+
+ tempvar_list[tvlist_ind] = 0;
+
+ array_needs_making = 1;
+
+#if 0
+ sv_ifs ("IFS"); /* XXX here for now -- check setifs in assign_in_env */
+#endif
+ for (i = 0; i < tvlist_ind; i++)
+ stupidly_hack_special_variables (tempvar_list[i]);
+
+ strvec_dispose (tempvar_list);
+ tempvar_list = 0;
+ tvlist_ind = 0;
+}
+
+void
+dispose_used_env_vars ()
+{
+ if (temporary_env)
+ {
+ dispose_temporary_env (propagate_temp_var);
+ maybe_make_export_env ();
+ }
+}
+
+/* Take all of the shell variables in the temporary environment HASH_TABLE
+ and make shell variables from them at the current variable context. */
+void
+merge_temporary_env ()
+{
+ if (temporary_env)
+ dispose_temporary_env (push_temp_var);
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Creating and manipulating the environment */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+static inline char *
+mk_env_string (name, value, isfunc)
+ const char *name, *value;
+ int isfunc;
+{
+ size_t name_len, value_len;
+ char *p, *q;
+
+ name_len = strlen (name);
+ value_len = STRLEN (value);
+
+ /* If we are exporting a shell function, construct the encoded function
+ name. */
+ if (isfunc && value)
+ {
+ p = (char *)xmalloc (BASHFUNC_PREFLEN + name_len + BASHFUNC_SUFFLEN + value_len + 2);
+ q = p;
+ memcpy (q, BASHFUNC_PREFIX, BASHFUNC_PREFLEN);
+ q += BASHFUNC_PREFLEN;
+ memcpy (q, name, name_len);
+ q += name_len;
+ memcpy (q, BASHFUNC_SUFFIX, BASHFUNC_SUFFLEN);
+ q += BASHFUNC_SUFFLEN;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ p = (char *)xmalloc (2 + name_len + value_len);
+ memcpy (p, name, name_len);
+ q = p + name_len;
+ }
+
+ q[0] = '=';
+ if (value && *value)
+ memcpy (q + 1, value, value_len + 1);
+ else
+ q[1] = '\0';
+
+ return (p);
+}
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+/* Debugging */
+static int
+valid_exportstr (v)
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+{
+ char *s;
+
+ s = v->exportstr;
+ if (s == 0)
+ {
+ internal_error (_("%s has null exportstr"), v->name);
+ return (0);
+ }
+ if (legal_variable_starter ((unsigned char)*s) == 0)
+ {
+ internal_error (_("invalid character %d in exportstr for %s"), *s, v->name);
+ return (0);
+ }
+ for (s = v->exportstr + 1; s && *s; s++)
+ {
+ if (*s == '=')
+ break;
+ if (legal_variable_char ((unsigned char)*s) == 0)
+ {
+ internal_error (_("invalid character %d in exportstr for %s"), *s, v->name);
+ return (0);
+ }
+ }
+ if (*s != '=')
+ {
+ internal_error (_("no `=' in exportstr for %s"), v->name);
+ return (0);
+ }
+ return (1);
+}
+#endif
+
+static char **
+make_env_array_from_var_list (vars)
+ SHELL_VAR **vars;
+{
+ register int i, list_index;
+ register SHELL_VAR *var;
+ char **list, *value;
+
+ list = strvec_create ((1 + strvec_len ((char **)vars)));
+
+#define USE_EXPORTSTR (value == var->exportstr)
+
+ for (i = 0, list_index = 0; var = vars[i]; i++)
+ {
+#if defined (__CYGWIN__)
+ /* We don't use the exportstr stuff on Cygwin at all. */
+ INVALIDATE_EXPORTSTR (var);
+#endif
+ if (var->exportstr)
+ value = var->exportstr;
+ else if (function_p (var))
+ value = named_function_string ((char *)NULL, function_cell (var), 0);
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ else if (array_p (var))
+# if ARRAY_EXPORT
+ value = array_to_assignment_string (array_cell (var));
+# else
+ continue; /* XXX array vars cannot yet be exported */
+# endif /* ARRAY_EXPORT */
+ else if (assoc_p (var))
+# if 0
+ value = assoc_to_assignment_string (assoc_cell (var));
+# else
+ continue; /* XXX associative array vars cannot yet be exported */
+# endif
+#endif
+ else
+ value = value_cell (var);
+
+ if (value)
+ {
+ /* Gee, I'd like to get away with not using savestring() if we're
+ using the cached exportstr... */
+ list[list_index] = USE_EXPORTSTR ? savestring (value)
+ : mk_env_string (var->name, value, function_p (var));
+
+ if (USE_EXPORTSTR == 0)
+ SAVE_EXPORTSTR (var, list[list_index]);
+
+ list_index++;
+#undef USE_EXPORTSTR
+
+#if 0 /* not yet */
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ if (array_p (var) || assoc_p (var))
+ free (value);
+#endif
+#endif
+ }
+ }
+
+ list[list_index] = (char *)NULL;
+ return (list);
+}
+
+/* Make an array of assignment statements from the hash table
+ HASHED_VARS which contains SHELL_VARs. Only visible, exported
+ variables are eligible. */
+static char **
+make_var_export_array (vcxt)
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vcxt;
+{
+ char **list;
+ SHELL_VAR **vars;
+
+#if 0
+ vars = map_over (visible_and_exported, vcxt);
+#else
+ vars = map_over (export_environment_candidate, vcxt);
+#endif
+
+ if (vars == 0)
+ return (char **)NULL;
+
+ list = make_env_array_from_var_list (vars);
+
+ free (vars);
+ return (list);
+}
+
+static char **
+make_func_export_array ()
+{
+ char **list;
+ SHELL_VAR **vars;
+
+ vars = map_over_funcs (visible_and_exported);
+ if (vars == 0)
+ return (char **)NULL;
+
+ list = make_env_array_from_var_list (vars);
+
+ free (vars);
+ return (list);
+}
+
+/* Add ENVSTR to the end of the exported environment, EXPORT_ENV. */
+#define add_to_export_env(envstr,do_alloc) \
+do \
+ { \
+ if (export_env_index >= (export_env_size - 1)) \
+ { \
+ export_env_size += 16; \
+ export_env = strvec_resize (export_env, export_env_size); \
+ environ = export_env; \
+ } \
+ export_env[export_env_index++] = (do_alloc) ? savestring (envstr) : envstr; \
+ export_env[export_env_index] = (char *)NULL; \
+ } while (0)
+
+/* Add ASSIGN to EXPORT_ENV, or supercede a previous assignment in the
+ array with the same left-hand side. Return the new EXPORT_ENV. */
+char **
+add_or_supercede_exported_var (assign, do_alloc)
+ char *assign;
+ int do_alloc;
+{
+ register int i;
+ int equal_offset;
+
+ equal_offset = assignment (assign, 0);
+ if (equal_offset == 0)
+ return (export_env);
+
+ /* If this is a function, then only supersede the function definition.
+ We do this by including the `=() {' in the comparison, like
+ initialize_shell_variables does. */
+ if (assign[equal_offset + 1] == '(' &&
+ strncmp (assign + equal_offset + 2, ") {", 3) == 0) /* } */
+ equal_offset += 4;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < export_env_index; i++)
+ {
+ if (STREQN (assign, export_env[i], equal_offset + 1))
+ {
+ free (export_env[i]);
+ export_env[i] = do_alloc ? savestring (assign) : assign;
+ return (export_env);
+ }
+ }
+ add_to_export_env (assign, do_alloc);
+ return (export_env);
+}
+
+static void
+add_temp_array_to_env (temp_array, do_alloc, do_supercede)
+ char **temp_array;
+ int do_alloc, do_supercede;
+{
+ register int i;
+
+ if (temp_array == 0)
+ return;
+
+ for (i = 0; temp_array[i]; i++)
+ {
+ if (do_supercede)
+ export_env = add_or_supercede_exported_var (temp_array[i], do_alloc);
+ else
+ add_to_export_env (temp_array[i], do_alloc);
+ }
+
+ free (temp_array);
+}
+
+/* Make the environment array for the command about to be executed, if the
+ array needs making. Otherwise, do nothing. If a shell action could
+ change the array that commands receive for their environment, then the
+ code should `array_needs_making++'.
+
+ The order to add to the array is:
+ temporary_env
+ list of var contexts whose head is shell_variables
+ shell_functions
+
+ This is the shell variable lookup order. We add only new variable
+ names at each step, which allows local variables and variables in
+ the temporary environments to shadow variables in the global (or
+ any previous) scope.
+*/
+
+static int
+n_shell_variables ()
+{
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vc;
+ int n;
+
+ for (n = 0, vc = shell_variables; vc; vc = vc->down)
+ n += HASH_ENTRIES (vc->table);
+ return n;
+}
+
+int
+chkexport (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+
+ v = find_variable (name);
+ if (v && exported_p (v))
+ {
+ array_needs_making = 1;
+ maybe_make_export_env ();
+ return 1;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+void
+maybe_make_export_env ()
+{
+ register char **temp_array;
+ int new_size;
+ VAR_CONTEXT *tcxt;
+
+ if (array_needs_making)
+ {
+ if (export_env)
+ strvec_flush (export_env);
+
+ /* Make a guess based on how many shell variables and functions we
+ have. Since there will always be array variables, and array
+ variables are not (yet) exported, this will always be big enough
+ for the exported variables and functions. */
+ new_size = n_shell_variables () + HASH_ENTRIES (shell_functions) + 1 +
+ HASH_ENTRIES (temporary_env);
+ if (new_size > export_env_size)
+ {
+ export_env_size = new_size;
+ export_env = strvec_resize (export_env, export_env_size);
+ environ = export_env;
+ }
+ export_env[export_env_index = 0] = (char *)NULL;
+
+ /* Make a dummy variable context from the temporary_env, stick it on
+ the front of shell_variables, call make_var_export_array on the
+ whole thing to flatten it, and convert the list of SHELL_VAR *s
+ to the form needed by the environment. */
+ if (temporary_env)
+ {
+ tcxt = new_var_context ((char *)NULL, 0);
+ tcxt->table = temporary_env;
+ tcxt->down = shell_variables;
+ }
+ else
+ tcxt = shell_variables;
+
+ temp_array = make_var_export_array (tcxt);
+ if (temp_array)
+ add_temp_array_to_env (temp_array, 0, 0);
+
+ if (tcxt != shell_variables)
+ free (tcxt);
+
+#if defined (RESTRICTED_SHELL)
+ /* Restricted shells may not export shell functions. */
+ temp_array = restricted ? (char **)0 : make_func_export_array ();
+#else
+ temp_array = make_func_export_array ();
+#endif
+ if (temp_array)
+ add_temp_array_to_env (temp_array, 0, 0);
+
+ array_needs_making = 0;
+ }
+}
+
+/* This is an efficiency hack. PWD and OLDPWD are auto-exported, so
+ we will need to remake the exported environment every time we
+ change directories. `_' is always put into the environment for
+ every external command, so without special treatment it will always
+ cause the environment to be remade.
+
+ If there is no other reason to make the exported environment, we can
+ just update the variables in place and mark the exported environment
+ as no longer needing a remake. */
+void
+update_export_env_inplace (env_prefix, preflen, value)
+ char *env_prefix;
+ int preflen;
+ char *value;
+{
+ char *evar;
+
+ evar = (char *)xmalloc (STRLEN (value) + preflen + 1);
+ strcpy (evar, env_prefix);
+ if (value)
+ strcpy (evar + preflen, value);
+ export_env = add_or_supercede_exported_var (evar, 0);
+}
+
+/* We always put _ in the environment as the name of this command. */
+void
+put_command_name_into_env (command_name)
+ char *command_name;
+{
+ update_export_env_inplace ("_=", 2, command_name);
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Managing variable contexts */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+/* Allocate and return a new variable context with NAME and FLAGS.
+ NAME can be NULL. */
+
+VAR_CONTEXT *
+new_var_context (name, flags)
+ char *name;
+ int flags;
+{
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vc;
+
+ vc = (VAR_CONTEXT *)xmalloc (sizeof (VAR_CONTEXT));
+ vc->name = name ? savestring (name) : (char *)NULL;
+ vc->scope = variable_context;
+ vc->flags = flags;
+
+ vc->up = vc->down = (VAR_CONTEXT *)NULL;
+ vc->table = (HASH_TABLE *)NULL;
+
+ return vc;
+}
+
+/* Free a variable context and its data, including the hash table. Dispose
+ all of the variables. */
+void
+dispose_var_context (vc)
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vc;
+{
+ FREE (vc->name);
+
+ if (vc->table)
+ {
+ delete_all_variables (vc->table);
+ hash_dispose (vc->table);
+ }
+
+ free (vc);
+}
+
+/* Set VAR's scope level to the current variable context. */
+static int
+set_context (var)
+ SHELL_VAR *var;
+{
+ return (var->context = variable_context);
+}
+
+/* Make a new variable context with NAME and FLAGS and a HASH_TABLE of
+ temporary variables, and push it onto shell_variables. This is
+ for shell functions. */
+VAR_CONTEXT *
+push_var_context (name, flags, tempvars)
+ char *name;
+ int flags;
+ HASH_TABLE *tempvars;
+{
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vc;
+
+ vc = new_var_context (name, flags);
+ vc->table = tempvars;
+ if (tempvars)
+ {
+ /* Have to do this because the temp environment was created before
+ variable_context was incremented. */
+ flatten (tempvars, set_context, (VARLIST *)NULL, 0);
+ vc->flags |= VC_HASTMPVAR;
+ }
+ vc->down = shell_variables;
+ shell_variables->up = vc;
+
+ return (shell_variables = vc);
+}
+
+static void
+push_func_var (data)
+ PTR_T data;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var, *v;
+
+ var = (SHELL_VAR *)data;
+
+ if (tempvar_p (var) && (posixly_correct || (var->attributes & att_propagate)))
+ {
+ /* Make sure we have a hash table to store the variable in while it is
+ being propagated down to the global variables table. Create one if
+ we have to */
+ if ((vc_isfuncenv (shell_variables) || vc_istempenv (shell_variables)) && shell_variables->table == 0)
+ shell_variables->table = hash_create (0);
+ /* XXX - should we set v->context here? */
+ v = bind_variable_internal (var->name, value_cell (var), shell_variables->table, 0, 0);
+ if (shell_variables == global_variables)
+ var->attributes &= ~(att_tempvar|att_propagate);
+ else
+ shell_variables->flags |= VC_HASTMPVAR;
+ v->attributes |= var->attributes;
+ }
+ else
+ stupidly_hack_special_variables (var->name); /* XXX */
+
+ dispose_variable (var);
+}
+
+/* Pop the top context off of VCXT and dispose of it, returning the rest of
+ the stack. */
+void
+pop_var_context ()
+{
+ VAR_CONTEXT *ret, *vcxt;
+
+ vcxt = shell_variables;
+ if (vc_isfuncenv (vcxt) == 0)
+ {
+ internal_error (_("pop_var_context: head of shell_variables not a function context"));
+ return;
+ }
+
+ if (ret = vcxt->down)
+ {
+ ret->up = (VAR_CONTEXT *)NULL;
+ shell_variables = ret;
+ if (vcxt->table)
+ hash_flush (vcxt->table, push_func_var);
+ dispose_var_context (vcxt);
+ }
+ else
+ internal_error (_("pop_var_context: no global_variables context"));
+}
+
+/* Delete the HASH_TABLEs for all variable contexts beginning at VCXT, and
+ all of the VAR_CONTEXTs except GLOBAL_VARIABLES. */
+void
+delete_all_contexts (vcxt)
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vcxt;
+{
+ VAR_CONTEXT *v, *t;
+
+ for (v = vcxt; v != global_variables; v = t)
+ {
+ t = v->down;
+ dispose_var_context (v);
+ }
+
+ delete_all_variables (global_variables->table);
+ shell_variables = global_variables;
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Pushing and Popping temporary variable scopes */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+VAR_CONTEXT *
+push_scope (flags, tmpvars)
+ int flags;
+ HASH_TABLE *tmpvars;
+{
+ return (push_var_context ((char *)NULL, flags, tmpvars));
+}
+
+static void
+push_exported_var (data)
+ PTR_T data;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *var, *v;
+
+ var = (SHELL_VAR *)data;
+
+ /* If a temp var had its export attribute set, or it's marked to be
+ propagated, bind it in the previous scope before disposing it. */
+ /* XXX - This isn't exactly right, because all tempenv variables have the
+ export attribute set. */
+#if 0
+ if (exported_p (var) || (var->attributes & att_propagate))
+#else
+ if (tempvar_p (var) && exported_p (var) && (var->attributes & att_propagate))
+#endif
+ {
+ var->attributes &= ~att_tempvar; /* XXX */
+ v = bind_variable_internal (var->name, value_cell (var), shell_variables->table, 0, 0);
+ if (shell_variables == global_variables)
+ var->attributes &= ~att_propagate;
+ v->attributes |= var->attributes;
+ }
+ else
+ stupidly_hack_special_variables (var->name); /* XXX */
+
+ dispose_variable (var);
+}
+
+void
+pop_scope (is_special)
+ int is_special;
+{
+ VAR_CONTEXT *vcxt, *ret;
+
+ vcxt = shell_variables;
+ if (vc_istempscope (vcxt) == 0)
+ {
+ internal_error (_("pop_scope: head of shell_variables not a temporary environment scope"));
+ return;
+ }
+
+ ret = vcxt->down;
+ if (ret)
+ ret->up = (VAR_CONTEXT *)NULL;
+
+ shell_variables = ret;
+
+ /* Now we can take care of merging variables in VCXT into set of scopes
+ whose head is RET (shell_variables). */
+ FREE (vcxt->name);
+ if (vcxt->table)
+ {
+ if (is_special)
+ hash_flush (vcxt->table, push_func_var);
+ else
+ hash_flush (vcxt->table, push_exported_var);
+ hash_dispose (vcxt->table);
+ }
+ free (vcxt);
+
+ sv_ifs ("IFS"); /* XXX here for now */
+}
+
+/* **************************************************************** */
+/* */
+/* Pushing and Popping function contexts */
+/* */
+/* **************************************************************** */
+
+static WORD_LIST **dollar_arg_stack = (WORD_LIST **)NULL;
+static int dollar_arg_stack_slots;
+static int dollar_arg_stack_index;
+
+/* XXX - we might want to consider pushing and popping the `getopts' state
+ when we modify the positional parameters. */
+void
+push_context (name, is_subshell, tempvars)
+ char *name; /* function name */
+ int is_subshell;
+ HASH_TABLE *tempvars;
+{
+ if (is_subshell == 0)
+ push_dollar_vars ();
+ variable_context++;
+ push_var_context (name, VC_FUNCENV, tempvars);
+}
+
+/* Only called when subshell == 0, so we don't need to check, and can
+ unconditionally pop the dollar vars off the stack. */
+void
+pop_context ()
+{
+ pop_dollar_vars ();
+ variable_context--;
+ pop_var_context ();
+
+ sv_ifs ("IFS"); /* XXX here for now */
+}
+
+/* Save the existing positional parameters on a stack. */
+void
+push_dollar_vars ()
+{
+ if (dollar_arg_stack_index + 2 > dollar_arg_stack_slots)
+ {
+ dollar_arg_stack = (WORD_LIST **)
+ xrealloc (dollar_arg_stack, (dollar_arg_stack_slots += 10)
+ * sizeof (WORD_LIST *));
+ }
+ dollar_arg_stack[dollar_arg_stack_index++] = list_rest_of_args ();
+ dollar_arg_stack[dollar_arg_stack_index] = (WORD_LIST *)NULL;
+}
+
+/* Restore the positional parameters from our stack. */
+void
+pop_dollar_vars ()
+{
+ if (!dollar_arg_stack || dollar_arg_stack_index == 0)
+ return;
+
+ remember_args (dollar_arg_stack[--dollar_arg_stack_index], 1);
+ dispose_words (dollar_arg_stack[dollar_arg_stack_index]);
+ dollar_arg_stack[dollar_arg_stack_index] = (WORD_LIST *)NULL;
+ set_dollar_vars_unchanged ();
+}
+
+void
+dispose_saved_dollar_vars ()
+{
+ if (!dollar_arg_stack || dollar_arg_stack_index == 0)
+ return;
+
+ dispose_words (dollar_arg_stack[dollar_arg_stack_index]);
+ dollar_arg_stack[dollar_arg_stack_index] = (WORD_LIST *)NULL;
+}
+
+/* Manipulate the special BASH_ARGV and BASH_ARGC variables. */
+
+void
+push_args (list)
+ WORD_LIST *list;
+{
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS) && defined (DEBUGGER)
+ SHELL_VAR *bash_argv_v, *bash_argc_v;
+ ARRAY *bash_argv_a, *bash_argc_a;
+ WORD_LIST *l;
+ arrayind_t i;
+ char *t;
+
+ GET_ARRAY_FROM_VAR ("BASH_ARGV", bash_argv_v, bash_argv_a);
+ GET_ARRAY_FROM_VAR ("BASH_ARGC", bash_argc_v, bash_argc_a);
+
+ for (l = list, i = 0; l; l = l->next, i++)
+ array_push (bash_argv_a, l->word->word);
+
+ t = itos (i);
+ array_push (bash_argc_a, t);
+ free (t);
+#endif /* ARRAY_VARS && DEBUGGER */
+}
+
+/* Remove arguments from BASH_ARGV array. Pop top element off BASH_ARGC
+ array and use that value as the count of elements to remove from
+ BASH_ARGV. */
+void
+pop_args ()
+{
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS) && defined (DEBUGGER)
+ SHELL_VAR *bash_argv_v, *bash_argc_v;
+ ARRAY *bash_argv_a, *bash_argc_a;
+ ARRAY_ELEMENT *ce;
+ intmax_t i;
+
+ GET_ARRAY_FROM_VAR ("BASH_ARGV", bash_argv_v, bash_argv_a);
+ GET_ARRAY_FROM_VAR ("BASH_ARGC", bash_argc_v, bash_argc_a);
+
+ ce = array_shift (bash_argc_a, 1, 0);
+ if (ce == 0 || legal_number (element_value (ce), &i) == 0)
+ i = 0;
+
+ for ( ; i > 0; i--)
+ array_pop (bash_argv_a);
+ array_dispose_element (ce);
+#endif /* ARRAY_VARS && DEBUGGER */
+}
+
+/*************************************************
+ * *
+ * Functions to manage special variables *
+ * *
+ *************************************************/
+
+/* Extern declarations for variables this code has to manage. */
+extern int eof_encountered, eof_encountered_limit, ignoreeof;
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+extern int hostname_list_initialized;
+#endif
+
+/* An alist of name.function for each special variable. Most of the
+ functions don't do much, and in fact, this would be faster with a
+ switch statement, but by the end of this file, I am sick of switch
+ statements. */
+
+#define SET_INT_VAR(name, intvar) intvar = find_variable (name) != 0
+
+/* This table will be sorted with qsort() the first time it's accessed. */
+struct name_and_function {
+ char *name;
+ sh_sv_func_t *function;
+};
+
+static struct name_and_function special_vars[] = {
+ { "BASH_COMPAT", sv_shcompat },
+ { "BASH_XTRACEFD", sv_xtracefd },
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+ { "CHILD_MAX", sv_childmax },
+#endif
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+# if defined (STRICT_POSIX)
+ { "COLUMNS", sv_winsize },
+# endif
+ { "COMP_WORDBREAKS", sv_comp_wordbreaks },
+#endif
+
+ { "FUNCNEST", sv_funcnest },
+
+ { "GLOBIGNORE", sv_globignore },
+
+#if defined (HISTORY)
+ { "HISTCONTROL", sv_history_control },
+ { "HISTFILESIZE", sv_histsize },
+ { "HISTIGNORE", sv_histignore },
+ { "HISTSIZE", sv_histsize },
+ { "HISTTIMEFORMAT", sv_histtimefmt },
+#endif
+
+#if defined (__CYGWIN__)
+ { "HOME", sv_home },
+#endif
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+ { "HOSTFILE", sv_hostfile },
+#endif
+
+ { "IFS", sv_ifs },
+ { "IGNOREEOF", sv_ignoreeof },
+
+ { "LANG", sv_locale },
+ { "LC_ALL", sv_locale },
+ { "LC_COLLATE", sv_locale },
+ { "LC_CTYPE", sv_locale },
+ { "LC_MESSAGES", sv_locale },
+ { "LC_NUMERIC", sv_locale },
+ { "LC_TIME", sv_locale },
+
+#if defined (READLINE) && defined (STRICT_POSIX)
+ { "LINES", sv_winsize },
+#endif
+
+ { "MAIL", sv_mail },
+ { "MAILCHECK", sv_mail },
+ { "MAILPATH", sv_mail },
+
+ { "OPTERR", sv_opterr },
+ { "OPTIND", sv_optind },
+
+ { "PATH", sv_path },
+ { "POSIXLY_CORRECT", sv_strict_posix },
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+ { "TERM", sv_terminal },
+ { "TERMCAP", sv_terminal },
+ { "TERMINFO", sv_terminal },
+#endif /* READLINE */
+
+ { "TEXTDOMAIN", sv_locale },
+ { "TEXTDOMAINDIR", sv_locale },
+
+#if defined (HAVE_TZSET)
+ { "TZ", sv_tz },
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HISTORY) && defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+ { "histchars", sv_histchars },
+#endif /* HISTORY && BANG_HISTORY */
+
+ { "ignoreeof", sv_ignoreeof },
+
+ { (char *)0, (sh_sv_func_t *)0 }
+};
+
+#define N_SPECIAL_VARS (sizeof (special_vars) / sizeof (special_vars[0]) - 1)
+
+static int
+sv_compare (sv1, sv2)
+ struct name_and_function *sv1, *sv2;
+{
+ int r;
+
+ if ((r = sv1->name[0] - sv2->name[0]) == 0)
+ r = strcmp (sv1->name, sv2->name);
+ return r;
+}
+
+static inline int
+find_special_var (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ register int i, r;
+
+ for (i = 0; special_vars[i].name; i++)
+ {
+ r = special_vars[i].name[0] - name[0];
+ if (r == 0)
+ r = strcmp (special_vars[i].name, name);
+ if (r == 0)
+ return i;
+ else if (r > 0)
+ /* Can't match any of rest of elements in sorted list. Take this out
+ if it causes problems in certain environments. */
+ break;
+ }
+ return -1;
+}
+
+/* The variable in NAME has just had its state changed. Check to see if it
+ is one of the special ones where something special happens. */
+void
+stupidly_hack_special_variables (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ static int sv_sorted = 0;
+ int i;
+
+ if (sv_sorted == 0) /* shouldn't need, but it's fairly cheap. */
+ {
+ qsort (special_vars, N_SPECIAL_VARS, sizeof (special_vars[0]),
+ (QSFUNC *)sv_compare);
+ sv_sorted = 1;
+ }
+
+ i = find_special_var (name);
+ if (i != -1)
+ (*(special_vars[i].function)) (name);
+}
+
+/* Special variables that need hooks to be run when they are unset as part
+ of shell reinitialization should have their sv_ functions run here. */
+void
+reinit_special_variables ()
+{
+#if defined (READLINE)
+ sv_comp_wordbreaks ("COMP_WORDBREAKS");
+#endif
+ sv_globignore ("GLOBIGNORE");
+ sv_opterr ("OPTERR");
+}
+
+void
+sv_ifs (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+
+ v = find_variable ("IFS");
+ setifs (v);
+}
+
+/* What to do just after the PATH variable has changed. */
+void
+sv_path (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ /* hash -r */
+ phash_flush ();
+}
+
+/* What to do just after one of the MAILxxxx variables has changed. NAME
+ is the name of the variable. This is called with NAME set to one of
+ MAIL, MAILCHECK, or MAILPATH. */
+void
+sv_mail (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ /* If the time interval for checking the files has changed, then
+ reset the mail timer. Otherwise, one of the pathname vars
+ to the users mailbox has changed, so rebuild the array of
+ filenames. */
+ if (name[4] == 'C') /* if (strcmp (name, "MAILCHECK") == 0) */
+ reset_mail_timer ();
+ else
+ {
+ free_mail_files ();
+ remember_mail_dates ();
+ }
+}
+
+void
+sv_funcnest (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+ intmax_t num;
+
+ v = find_variable (name);
+ if (v == 0)
+ funcnest_max = 0;
+ else if (legal_number (value_cell (v), &num) == 0)
+ funcnest_max = 0;
+ else
+ funcnest_max = num;
+}
+
+/* What to do when GLOBIGNORE changes. */
+void
+sv_globignore (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ if (privileged_mode == 0)
+ setup_glob_ignore (name);
+}
+
+#if defined (READLINE)
+void
+sv_comp_wordbreaks (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *sv;
+
+ sv = find_variable (name);
+ if (sv == 0)
+ reset_completer_word_break_chars ();
+}
+
+/* What to do just after one of the TERMxxx variables has changed.
+ If we are an interactive shell, then try to reset the terminal
+ information in readline. */
+void
+sv_terminal (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ if (interactive_shell && no_line_editing == 0)
+ rl_reset_terminal (get_string_value ("TERM"));
+}
+
+void
+sv_hostfile (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+
+ v = find_variable (name);
+ if (v == 0)
+ clear_hostname_list ();
+ else
+ hostname_list_initialized = 0;
+}
+
+#if defined (STRICT_POSIX)
+/* In strict posix mode, we allow assignments to LINES and COLUMNS (and values
+ found in the initial environment) to override the terminal size reported by
+ the kernel. */
+void
+sv_winsize (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+ intmax_t xd;
+ int d;
+
+ if (posixly_correct == 0 || interactive_shell == 0 || no_line_editing)
+ return;
+
+ v = find_variable (name);
+ if (v == 0 || var_isnull (v))
+ rl_reset_screen_size ();
+ else
+ {
+ if (legal_number (value_cell (v), &xd) == 0)
+ return;
+ winsize_assignment = 1;
+ d = xd; /* truncate */
+ if (name[0] == 'L') /* LINES */
+ rl_set_screen_size (d, -1);
+ else /* COLUMNS */
+ rl_set_screen_size (-1, d);
+ winsize_assignment = 0;
+ }
+}
+#endif /* STRICT_POSIX */
+#endif /* READLINE */
+
+/* Update the value of HOME in the export environment so tilde expansion will
+ work on cygwin. */
+#if defined (__CYGWIN__)
+sv_home (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ array_needs_making = 1;
+ maybe_make_export_env ();
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HISTORY)
+/* What to do after the HISTSIZE or HISTFILESIZE variables change.
+ If there is a value for this HISTSIZE (and it is numeric), then stifle
+ the history. Otherwise, if there is NO value for this variable,
+ unstifle the history. If name is HISTFILESIZE, and its value is
+ numeric, truncate the history file to hold no more than that many
+ lines. */
+void
+sv_histsize (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ char *temp;
+ intmax_t num;
+ int hmax;
+
+ temp = get_string_value (name);
+
+ if (temp && *temp)
+ {
+ if (legal_number (temp, &num))
+ {
+ hmax = num;
+ if (hmax < 0 && name[4] == 'S')
+ unstifle_history (); /* unstifle history if HISTSIZE < 0 */
+ else if (name[4] == 'S')
+ {
+ stifle_history (hmax);
+ hmax = where_history ();
+ if (history_lines_this_session > hmax)
+ history_lines_this_session = hmax;
+ }
+ else if (hmax >= 0) /* truncate HISTFILE if HISTFILESIZE >= 0 */
+ {
+ history_truncate_file (get_string_value ("HISTFILE"), hmax);
+ if (hmax <= history_lines_in_file)
+ history_lines_in_file = hmax;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ else if (name[4] == 'S')
+ unstifle_history ();
+}
+
+/* What to do after the HISTIGNORE variable changes. */
+void
+sv_histignore (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ setup_history_ignore (name);
+}
+
+/* What to do after the HISTCONTROL variable changes. */
+void
+sv_history_control (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ char *temp;
+ char *val;
+ int tptr;
+
+ history_control = 0;
+ temp = get_string_value (name);
+
+ if (temp == 0 || *temp == 0)
+ return;
+
+ tptr = 0;
+ while (val = extract_colon_unit (temp, &tptr))
+ {
+ if (STREQ (val, "ignorespace"))
+ history_control |= HC_IGNSPACE;
+ else if (STREQ (val, "ignoredups"))
+ history_control |= HC_IGNDUPS;
+ else if (STREQ (val, "ignoreboth"))
+ history_control |= HC_IGNBOTH;
+ else if (STREQ (val, "erasedups"))
+ history_control |= HC_ERASEDUPS;
+
+ free (val);
+ }
+}
+
+#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
+/* Setting/unsetting of the history expansion character. */
+void
+sv_histchars (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ char *temp;
+
+ temp = get_string_value (name);
+ if (temp)
+ {
+ history_expansion_char = *temp;
+ if (temp[0] && temp[1])
+ {
+ history_subst_char = temp[1];
+ if (temp[2])
+ history_comment_char = temp[2];
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ history_expansion_char = '!';
+ history_subst_char = '^';
+ history_comment_char = '#';
+ }
+}
+#endif /* BANG_HISTORY */
+
+void
+sv_histtimefmt (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+
+ if (v = find_variable (name))
+ {
+ if (history_comment_char == 0)
+ history_comment_char = '#';
+ }
+ history_write_timestamps = (v != 0);
+}
+#endif /* HISTORY */
+
+#if defined (HAVE_TZSET)
+void
+sv_tz (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ if (chkexport (name))
+ tzset ();
+}
+#endif
+
+/* If the variable exists, then the value of it can be the number
+ of times we actually ignore the EOF. The default is small,
+ (smaller than csh, anyway). */
+void
+sv_ignoreeof (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *tmp_var;
+ char *temp;
+
+ eof_encountered = 0;
+
+ tmp_var = find_variable (name);
+ ignoreeof = tmp_var != 0;
+ temp = tmp_var ? value_cell (tmp_var) : (char *)NULL;
+ if (temp)
+ eof_encountered_limit = (*temp && all_digits (temp)) ? atoi (temp) : 10;
+ set_shellopts (); /* make sure `ignoreeof' is/is not in $SHELLOPTS */
+}
+
+void
+sv_optind (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ char *tt;
+ int s;
+
+ tt = get_string_value ("OPTIND");
+ if (tt && *tt)
+ {
+ s = atoi (tt);
+
+ /* According to POSIX, setting OPTIND=1 resets the internal state
+ of getopt (). */
+ if (s < 0 || s == 1)
+ s = 0;
+ }
+ else
+ s = 0;
+ getopts_reset (s);
+}
+
+void
+sv_opterr (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ char *tt;
+
+ tt = get_string_value ("OPTERR");
+ sh_opterr = (tt && *tt) ? atoi (tt) : 1;
+}
+
+void
+sv_strict_posix (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ SET_INT_VAR (name, posixly_correct);
+ posix_initialize (posixly_correct);
+#if defined (READLINE)
+ if (interactive_shell)
+ posix_readline_initialize (posixly_correct);
+#endif /* READLINE */
+ set_shellopts (); /* make sure `posix' is/is not in $SHELLOPTS */
+}
+
+void
+sv_locale (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ char *v;
+ int r;
+
+ v = get_string_value (name);
+ if (name[0] == 'L' && name[1] == 'A') /* LANG */
+ r = set_lang (name, v);
+ else
+ r = set_locale_var (name, v); /* LC_*, TEXTDOMAIN* */
+
+#if 1
+ if (r == 0 && posixly_correct)
+ last_command_exit_value = 1;
+#endif
+}
+
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+void
+set_pipestatus_array (ps, nproc)
+ int *ps;
+ int nproc;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+ ARRAY *a;
+ ARRAY_ELEMENT *ae;
+ register int i;
+ char *t, tbuf[INT_STRLEN_BOUND(int) + 1];
+
+ v = find_variable ("PIPESTATUS");
+ if (v == 0)
+ v = make_new_array_variable ("PIPESTATUS");
+ if (array_p (v) == 0)
+ return; /* Do nothing if not an array variable. */
+ a = array_cell (v);
+
+ if (a == 0 || array_num_elements (a) == 0)
+ {
+ for (i = 0; i < nproc; i++) /* was ps[i] != -1, not i < nproc */
+ {
+ t = inttostr (ps[i], tbuf, sizeof (tbuf));
+ array_insert (a, i, t);
+ }
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* Fast case */
+ if (array_num_elements (a) == nproc && nproc == 1)
+ {
+ ae = element_forw (a->head);
+ free (element_value (ae));
+ ae->value = itos (ps[0]);
+ }
+ else if (array_num_elements (a) <= nproc)
+ {
+ /* modify in array_num_elements members in place, then add */
+ ae = a->head;
+ for (i = 0; i < array_num_elements (a); i++)
+ {
+ ae = element_forw (ae);
+ free (element_value (ae));
+ ae->value = itos (ps[i]);
+ }
+ /* add any more */
+ for ( ; i < nproc; i++)
+ {
+ t = inttostr (ps[i], tbuf, sizeof (tbuf));
+ array_insert (a, i, t);
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* deleting elements. it's faster to rebuild the array. */
+ array_flush (a);
+ for (i = 0; ps[i] != -1; i++)
+ {
+ t = inttostr (ps[i], tbuf, sizeof (tbuf));
+ array_insert (a, i, t);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+ARRAY *
+save_pipestatus_array ()
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+ ARRAY *a, *a2;
+
+ v = find_variable ("PIPESTATUS");
+ if (v == 0 || array_p (v) == 0 || array_cell (v) == 0)
+ return ((ARRAY *)NULL);
+
+ a = array_cell (v);
+ a2 = array_copy (array_cell (v));
+
+ return a2;
+}
+
+void
+restore_pipestatus_array (a)
+ ARRAY *a;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+ ARRAY *a2;
+
+ v = find_variable ("PIPESTATUS");
+ /* XXX - should we still assign even if existing value is NULL? */
+ if (v == 0 || array_p (v) == 0 || array_cell (v) == 0)
+ return;
+
+ a2 = array_cell (v);
+ var_setarray (v, a);
+
+ array_dispose (a2);
+}
+#endif
+
+void
+set_pipestatus_from_exit (s)
+ int s;
+{
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+ static int v[2] = { 0, -1 };
+
+ v[0] = s;
+ set_pipestatus_array (v, 1);
+#endif
+}
+
+void
+sv_xtracefd (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+ char *t, *e;
+ int fd;
+ FILE *fp;
+
+ v = find_variable (name);
+ if (v == 0)
+ {
+ xtrace_reset ();
+ return;
+ }
+
+ t = value_cell (v);
+ if (t == 0 || *t == 0)
+ xtrace_reset ();
+ else
+ {
+ fd = (int)strtol (t, &e, 10);
+ if (e != t && *e == '\0' && sh_validfd (fd))
+ {
+ fp = fdopen (fd, "w");
+ if (fp == 0)
+ internal_error (_("%s: %s: cannot open as FILE"), name, value_cell (v));
+ else
+ xtrace_set (fd, fp);
+ }
+ else
+ internal_error (_("%s: %s: invalid value for trace file descriptor"), name, value_cell (v));
+ }
+}
+
+#define MIN_COMPAT_LEVEL 31
+
+void
+sv_shcompat (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+ char *val;
+ int tens, ones, compatval;
+
+ v = find_variable (name);
+ if (v == 0)
+ {
+ shell_compatibility_level = DEFAULT_COMPAT_LEVEL;
+ set_compatibility_opts ();
+ return;
+ }
+ val = value_cell (v);
+ if (val == 0 || *val == '\0')
+ {
+ shell_compatibility_level = DEFAULT_COMPAT_LEVEL;
+ set_compatibility_opts ();
+ return;
+ }
+ /* Handle decimal-like compatibility version specifications: 4.2 */
+ if (isdigit (val[0]) && val[1] == '.' && isdigit (val[2]) && val[3] == 0)
+ {
+ tens = val[0] - '0';
+ ones = val[2] - '0';
+ compatval = tens*10 + ones;
+ }
+ /* Handle integer-like compatibility version specifications: 42 */
+ else if (isdigit (val[0]) && isdigit (val[1]) && val[2] == 0)
+ {
+ tens = val[0] - '0';
+ ones = val[1] - '0';
+ compatval = tens*10 + ones;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+compat_error:
+ internal_error (_("%s: %s: compatibility value out of range"), name, val);
+ shell_compatibility_level = DEFAULT_COMPAT_LEVEL;
+ set_compatibility_opts ();
+ return;
+ }
+
+ if (compatval < MIN_COMPAT_LEVEL || compatval > DEFAULT_COMPAT_LEVEL)
+ goto compat_error;
+
+ shell_compatibility_level = compatval;
+ set_compatibility_opts ();
+}
+
+#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
+void
+sv_childmax (name)
+ char *name;
+{
+ char *tt;
+ int s;
+
+ tt = get_string_value (name);
+ s = (tt && *tt) ? atoi (tt) : 0;
+ set_maxchild (s);
+}
+#endif
projects / thirdparty / bash.git / commitdiff
