Add the SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE flag for application-defined functions. Add

the -DSQLITE_STRICT_SUBTYPE=1 compile-time option that raises an error if
any function invokes sqlite3_result_subtype() without the SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE
flag.  SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE prevents an indexed value of that function from
being used to replace an equivalent expression, since the indexed expression
does not carry the subtype.  Fix for the problem described at
[forum:/forumpost/68d284c86b082c3e|forum post 68d284c86b082c3e].

FossilOrigin-Name: ba789a7804ab96d81b15d6ef6fed1f802fa69db47cf91d368933e55289fa1d6e

diff --cc manifest
index 184cdce6c66903d5c2de4a1af33204b9a164e586,bf13040ecef085c17b03325872c683e2b996f8e9..29fbba28e4633995dd9c78e6bf2680cea349464a
--- 1/manifest
--- 2/manifest
+++ b/manifest
@@@ -1,5 -1,5 +1,5 @@@
- C Fix\scompilation\sissue\sseen\swith\sMSVC.
- D 2023-11-09T17:28:31.730
 -C Put\san\sALWAYS\son\san\strue\sbranch.
 -D 2023-11-09T17:26:39.395
++C Add\sthe\sSQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE\sflag\sfor\sapplication-defined\sfunctions.\s\sAdd\nthe\s-DSQLITE_STRICT_SUBTYPE=1\scompile-time\soption\sthat\sraises\san\serror\sif\nany\sfunction\sinvokes\ssqlite3_result_subtype()\swithout\sthe\sSQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE\nflag.\s\sSQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE\sprevents\san\sindexed\svalue\sof\sthat\sfunction\sfrom\nbeing\sused\sto\sreplace\san\sequivalent\sexpression,\ssince\sthe\sindexed\sexpression\ndoes\snot\scarry\sthe\ssubtype.\s\sFix\sfor\sthe\sproblem\sdescribed\sat\n[forum:/forumpost/68d284c86b082c3e|forum\spost\s68d284c86b082c3e].
++D 2023-11-09T17:36:37.321
  F .fossil-settings/empty-dirs dbb81e8fc0401ac46a1491ab34a7f2c7c0452f2f06b54ebb845d024ca8283ef1
  F .fossil-settings/ignore-glob 35175cdfcf539b2318cb04a9901442804be81cd677d8b889fcc9149c21f239ea
  F LICENSE.md df5091916dbb40e6e9686186587125e1b2ff51f022cc334e886c19a0e9982724
@@@ -684,10 -684,10 +684,10 @@@ F src/hash.h 3340ab6e1d13e725571d7cee6d
  F src/hwtime.h f9c2dfb84dce7acf95ce6d289e46f5f9d3d1afd328e53da8f8e9008e3b3caae6
  F src/in-operator.md 10cd8f4bcd225a32518407c2fb2484089112fd71
  F src/insert.c 3f0a94082d978bbdd33c38fefea15346c6c6bffb70bc645a71dc0f1f87dd3276
- F src/json.c 78559ef0eb3929c693ee2cd69fe5187fba8b123edb97cbd1c6a8dcd0589310ac
 -F src/json.c afbda7533099b951f6e7fbe5c050d12fb7b736bf377b263f824f64bbc6af7f0c
++F src/json.c f93bf3df3651b1e01e2b57f7dc56f727e7b0e212d934eacf21c6fc8b31bf685e
  F src/legacy.c d7874bc885906868cd51e6c2156698f2754f02d9eee1bae2d687323c3ca8e5aa
  F src/loadext.c 7432c944ff197046d67a1207790a1b13eec4548c85a9457eb0896bb3641dfb36
- F src/main.c e1bc8864834697503d370d94613be945d05ca1c5ebdda43e7d5c8ee8c48d433c
+ F src/main.c 1b89f3de98d1b59fec5bac1d66d6ece21f703821b8eaa0d53d9604c35309f6f9
  F src/malloc.c f016922435dc7d1f1f5083a03338a3e91f8c67ce2c5bdcfa4cdef62e612f5fcc
  F src/mem0.c 6a55ebe57c46ca1a7d98da93aaa07f99f1059645
  F src/mem1.c 3bb59158c38e05f6270e761a9f435bf19827a264c13d1631c58b84bdc96d73b2
@@@ -725,11 -725,11 +725,11 @@@ F src/random.c 606b00941a1d7dd09c381d32
  F src/resolve.c d017bad7ba8e778617701a0e986fdeb393d67d6afa84fb28ef4e8b8ad2acf916
  F src/rowset.c 8432130e6c344b3401a8874c3cb49fefe6873fec593294de077afea2dce5ec97
  F src/select.c a19daa26e95f7245106a31f288b2f50c72d1f2cc156703f04c8c91450e111515
 -F src/shell.c.in 7312c571ebf518fc8927bbb5aeb4fa67e5b0dfb2adae4258dcd1ccae42c11e1f
 +F src/shell.c.in 297625a1ba6ea1c08bc2ea1b838b646cad309b62bf08df0e379355629404f140
- F src/sqlite.h.in a0fce680a40fe81b13eae3749d001134d9fe0a43aecc09a8986520d5119acfcd
+ F src/sqlite.h.in 4f841d3d117b830ee5ee45e8d89ceff1195f3ebb72d041ace8d116ba4c103b35
  F src/sqlite3.rc 5121c9e10c3964d5755191c80dd1180c122fc3a8
  F src/sqlite3ext.h 3f046c04ea3595d6bfda99b781926b17e672fd6d27da2ba6d8d8fc39981dcb54
- F src/sqliteInt.h 90bbf1ba8f47753c84f15cdb0e5dc6267d3f391cc66b9fbd6f441881d1bf44a1
+ F src/sqliteInt.h cd171cba32c7a553e7623fbd82b68b36a1b6c81079ab963260777ea9b3abe4d9
  F src/sqliteLimit.h 33b1c9baba578d34efe7dfdb43193b366111cdf41476b1e82699e14c11ee1fb6
  F src/status.c 160c445d7d28c984a0eae38c144f6419311ed3eace59b44ac6dafc20db4af749
  F src/table.c 0f141b58a16de7e2fbe81c308379e7279f4c6b50eb08efeec5892794a0ba30d1
@@@ -2139,8 -2139,8 +2139,9 @@@ F vsixtest/vsixtest.tcl 6a9a6ab600c25a9
  F vsixtest/vsixtest.vcxproj.data 2ed517e100c66dc455b492e1a33350c1b20fbcdc
  F vsixtest/vsixtest.vcxproj.filters 37e51ffedcdb064aad6ff33b6148725226cd608e
  F vsixtest/vsixtest_TemporaryKey.pfx e5b1b036facdb453873e7084e1cae9102ccc67a0
- P 8cc32915165efd7c261f008bb6fa4cc6581ee7bd73ea5da47513742b9e6d34e4
- R 8854825d1f1736b898c17995440cc740
- U mistachkin
- Z 0431c54643f1f1f0b5b6ac8fca652889
 -P 311c2eba93097bbecfa286bbeaff9bd6fc75a238e20cd2b6f834e594032d8c59
 -R 017a5657e59f3d0e3637d7716ee24315
++P 0dfe790d8118ff1bacc9e7c97d4f8ff9e5789f6cda8ec6fd981ea38b4da3905d 1e039b6eb59c0001a9efdd2f9928a34d4e9e01972ee76aa04a1279369dc03840
++R 43a4ac60d204fdc6ba9347ecb0c1fc0b
++T +closed 1e039b6eb59c0001a9efdd2f9928a34d4e9e01972ee76aa04a1279369dc03840
+ U drh
 -Z a5d8bd3105f63db4fe25f071664830bd
++Z b1e7abc144feb80d39f106f6377a94b7
  # Remove this line to create a well-formed Fossil manifest.

diff --cc manifest.uuid
index 1bd2f05fab4cbb61c90919c6a4b00ad1dd2be806,fc5a44f74deadb2b8cc16b7efcca7b82ba6f1e7a..86ff0f439516aed7c4c343e167babba5e2636826
--- 1/manifest.uuid
--- 2/manifest.uuid
+++ b/manifest.uuid
@@@ -1,1 -1,1 +1,1 @@@
- 0dfe790d8118ff1bacc9e7c97d4f8ff9e5789f6cda8ec6fd981ea38b4da3905d
 -1e039b6eb59c0001a9efdd2f9928a34d4e9e01972ee76aa04a1279369dc03840
++ba789a7804ab96d81b15d6ef6fed1f802fa69db47cf91d368933e55289fa1d6e

diff --cc src/json.c
Simple merge