Otvety na chasto zadavaemye voprosy po PostgreSQL
- Data poslednego obnovleniya: CHetverg 13 Fevralya 23:07:35 EDT 2002
+ Data poslednego obnovleniya: Vtornik 18 Fevralya 12:23:04 EDT 2002
Anglijskij variant soprovozhdaet: Bryus Mom'yan (Bruce Momjian)
(pgman@candle.pha.pa.us)
Perevel na russkij: Viktor Vislobokov (victor_v@permonline.ru)
Samuyu svezhuyu anglijskuyu versiyu dokumenta mozhno najti na
- http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/faq-english.html.
+ http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/faqs/FAQ.html.
Otvety na voprosy specifichnye dlya konkretnyh platform mozhno najti
- na http://www.PostgreSQL.org/users-lounge/docs/faq.html.
+ na http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/index.html.
_________________________________________________________________
Obschie voprosy
Server BD mozhet byt' zapuschen na Windows NT i Win2k, ispol'zuya
biblioteku Cygwin, razrabotannuyu dlya perenosa programmnogo
obespecheniya Unix v NT. Smotrite pgsql/doc/FAQ_MSWIN v distributive
- ili MS Windows FAQ na http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/faq-mswin.html.
+ ili MS Windows FAQ na
+ http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/faqs/faq-mswin.html.
PostgreSQL, sportirovannyj special'no dlya MS Win NT/2000/XP v
nastoyaschij moment nachal rabotat'.
'#PostgreSQL' "$USER" irc.phoenix.net.
Spisok kommercheskoj podderzhki kompanij dostupen na
- http://www.PostgreSQL.org/users-lounge/commercial-support.html.
+ http://www.ca.PostgreSQL.org/users-lounge/commercial-support.html.
1.7) Kakaya poslednyaya versiya?
- Poslednij vypusk PostgreSQL - `eto versiya 7.3.1.
+ Poslednij vypusk PostgreSQL - `eto versiya 7.3.2.
My planiruem vypuskat' novye versii kazhdye chetyre mesyaca.
V distributiv vklyuchayutsya razlichnye rukovodstva, stranicy
`elektronnogo rukovodstva man i nekotorye malen'kie testovye primery.
Smotrite v katalog /doc. Vy takzhe mozhete prosmatrivat' dokumentaciyu
- v Internet po adresu http://www.PostgreSQL.org/users-lounge/docs/.
+ v Internet po adresu http://www.ca.PostgreSQL.org/users-lounge/docs/.
Suschestvuet dve knigi po PostgreSQL dostupnye po adresam
http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/awbook.html i
CHAR(n) bpchar zapolnyaetsya pustotoj do fiksirovannoj dliny
TEXT text net zadavaemogo verhnego ogranicheniya ili dlin
y
-"char" char odin simvol
BYTEA bytea massiv bajt peremennoj dliny (mozhno ispol'zova
t' null-bajt bez opaski)
+"char" char odin simvol
Vnutrennee imya vy mozhete uvidet', kogda smotrite sistemnye katalogi
i v nekotoryh soobscheniyah ob oshibkah.
- Poslednie chetyre tipa yavlyayutsya "varlena" tipami (t.e., pervye
+ Pervye chetyre tipa yavlyayutsya "varlena" tipami (t.e., pervye
chetyre bajta na diske yavlyayutsya dlinnoj, za kotoroj sleduyut
dannye). Takim obrazom, fakticheski ispol'zuemoe prostranstvo bol'she,
chem oboznachennyj razmer. Odnako, `eti tipy dannyh takzhe poddayutsya
imeyut odinakovuyu dlinu. CHAR(n) zapolnyaetsya pustotoj do zadannoj
dliny, v to vremya kak VARCHAR(n) hranit tol'ko simvoly, iz kotoryh
sostoit stroka. BYTEA ispol'zuetsya dlya hraneniya binarnyh dannyh,
- znacheniya kotoryh mogut vklyuchat' NULL bajty. `Eti tipy imeyut
- shodnye harakteristiki proizvoditel'nosti.
+ znacheniya kotoryh mogut vklyuchat' NULL bajty. Vse tipy opisannye
+ zdes', imeyut shodnye harakteristiki proizvoditel'nosti.
4.15.1) Kak mne sozdat' pole serial/s-avto-uvelicheniem?
alink="#0000ff">
<H1>ïÔ×ÅÔÙ ÎÁ ÞÁÓÔÏ ÚÁÄÁ×ÁÅÍÙÅ ×ÏÐÒÏÓÙ ÐÏ PostgreSQL</H1>
- <P>äÁÔÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÇÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ: þÅÔ×ÅÒÇ 13 æÅ×ÒÁÌÑ 23:07:35 EDT 2002</P>
+ <P>äÁÔÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÇÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ: ÷ÔÏÒÎÉË 18 æÅ×ÒÁÌÑ 12:23:04 EDT 2002</P>
<P>áÎÇÌÉÊÓËÉÊ ×ÁÒÉÁÎÔ ÓÏÐÒÏ×ÏÖÄÁÅÔ: âÒÀÓ íÏÍØÑÎ (Bruce Momjian) (<A href=
"mailto:pgman@candle.pha.pa.us">pgman@candle.pha.pa.us</A>)<BR>
"mailto:pgman@candle.pha.pa.us">victor_v@permonline.ru</A>)<BR>
</P>
- <P>óÁÍÕÀ Ó×ÅÖÕÀ ÁÎÇÌÉÊÓËÕÀ ×ÅÒÓÉÀ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÁ <A
- href=
- "http://www.postgresql.org/docs/faq-english.html">http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/faq-english.html</A>.</P>
+ <P>óÁÍÕÀ Ó×ÅÖÕÀ ÁÎÇÌÉÊÓËÕÀ ×ÅÒÓÉÀ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÁ
+ <A href="http://www.postgresql.org/docs/faqs/FAQ.html">http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/faqs/FAQ.html</A>.</P>
- <P>ïÔ×ÅÔÙ ÎÁ ×ÏÐÒÏÓÙ ÓÐÅÃÉÆÉÞÎÙÅ ÄÌÑ ËÏÎËÒÅÔÎÙÈ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÁ <A href=
- "http://www.postgresql.org/users-lounge/docs/faq.html">http://www.PostgreSQL.org/users-lounge/docs/faq.html</A>.</P>
+ <P>ïÔ×ÅÔÙ ÎÁ ×ÏÐÒÏÓÙ ÓÐÅÃÉÆÉÞÎÙÅ ÄÌÑ ËÏÎËÒÅÔÎÙÈ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÁ
+ <A href="http://www.postgresql.org/users-lounge/docs/index.html">http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/index.html</A>.</P>
<HR>
<H2 align="center">ïÂÝÉÅ ×ÏÐÒÏÓÙ</H2>
<P>óÅÒ×ÅÒ âä ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÚÁÐÕÝÅÎ ÎÁ Windows NT É Win2k, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ
ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÕ Cygwin, ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÁÎÎÕÀ ÄÌÑ ÐÅÒÅÎÏÓÁ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÇÏ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÑ Unix
× NT. óÍÏÔÒÉÔÅ <I>pgsql/doc/FAQ_MSWIN</I> × ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Å ÉÌÉ
- MS Windows FAQ ÎÁ <A href="http://www.postgresql.org/docs/faq-mswin.html">
- http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/faq-mswin.html</A>.</P>
+ MS Windows FAQ ÎÁ <A href="http://www.postgresql.org/docs/faqs/faq-mswin.html">
+ http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/faqs/faq-mswin.html</A>.</P>
<P>PostgreSQL, ÓÐÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÊ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÏ ÄÌÑ MS Win NT/2000/XP ×
ÎÁÓÔÏÑÝÉÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ÎÁÞÁÌ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ.</P>
<CODE>irc -c '#PostgreSQL' "$USER" irc.phoenix.net.</CODE></P>
<P>óÐÉÓÏË ËÏÍÍÅÒÞÅÓËÏÊ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ËÏÍÐÁÎÉÊ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÅÎ ÎÁ
- <A href=
- "http://www.postgresql.org/users-lounge/commercial-support.html">http://www.PostgreSQL.org/users-lounge/commercial-support.html</A>.</P>
+ <A href="http://www.ca.postgresql.org/users-lounge/commercial-support.html">http://www.ca.PostgreSQL.org/users-lounge/commercial-support.html</A>.</P>
<H4><A name="1.7">1.7</A>) ëÁËÁÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÑÑ ×ÅÒÓÉÑ?</H4>
- <P>ðÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÊ ×ÙÐÕÓË PostgreSQL - ÜÔÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÑ 7.3.1.</P>
+ <P>ðÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÊ ×ÙÐÕÓË PostgreSQL - ÜÔÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÑ 7.3.2.</P>
<P>íÙ ÐÌÁÎÉÒÕÅÍ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁÔØ ÎÏ×ÙÅ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ ËÁÖÄÙÅ ÞÅÔÙÒÅ ÍÅÓÑÃÁ.</P>
<P>÷ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× ×ËÌÀÞÁÀÔÓÑ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÅ ÒÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á, ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ
ÜÌÅËÔÒÏÎÎÏÇÏ ÒÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á man É ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÁÌÅÎØËÉÅ ÔÅÓÔÏ×ÙÅ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÙ.
óÍÏÔÒÉÔÅ × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ <I>/doc</I>. ÷Ù ÔÁËÖÅ ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÒÏÓÍÁÔÒÉ×ÁÔØ
- ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ × éÎÔÅÒÎÅÔ ÐÏ ÁÄÒÅÓÕ <A href=
- "http://www.PostgreSQL.org/users-lounge/docs/">http://www.PostgreSQL.org/users-lounge/docs/</A>.</P>
+ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ × éÎÔÅÒÎÅÔ ÐÏ ÁÄÒÅÓÕ
+ <A href="http://www.ca.postgresql.org/users-lounge/docs/">http://www.ca.PostgreSQL.org/users-lounge/docs/</A>.</P>
<P>óÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ Ä×Å ËÎÉÇÉ ÐÏ PostgreSQL ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙÅ ÐÏ ÁÄÒÅÓÁÍ <A href=
"http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/awbook.html">http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/awbook.html</A>
http://www.thekompany.com/products/rekall/</A>, ËÏÍÍÅÒÞÅÓËÉÊ). ôÁËÖÅ ÅÓÔØ
PHPPgAdmin (<A href="http://phppgadmin.sourceforge.net/">
http://phppgadmin.sourceforge.net/</A>) - ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓ Ë PostgreSQL, ÏÓÎÏ×ÁÎÎÙÊ
- ÎÁ Web.</p>
+ ÎÁ Web.</P>
<H4><A name="2.4">2.4</A>) ëÁËÉÅ ÑÚÙËÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ ×ÚÁÉÍÏÄÅÊÓÔ×Ï×ÁÔØ Ó PostgreSQL?</H4>
VARCHAR(n) varchar ÒÁÚÍÅÒ ÚÁÄÁÅÔ ÍÁËÓÉÍÁÌØÎÕÀ ÄÌÉÎÕ, ÎÅÔ ÚÁÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ
CHAR(n) bpchar ÚÁÐÏÌÎÑÅÔÓÑ ÐÕÓÔÏÔÏÊ ÄÏ ÆÉËÓÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÊ ÄÌÉÎÙ
TEXT text ÎÅÔ ÚÁÄÁ×ÁÅÍÏÇÏ ×ÅÒÈÎÅÇÏ ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÉÑ ÉÌÉ ÄÌÉÎÙ
-"char" char ÏÄÉÎ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌ
BYTEA bytea ÍÁÓÓÉ× ÂÁÊÔ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ ÄÌÉÎÙ (ÍÏÖÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ null-ÂÁÊÔ ÂÅÚ ÏÐÁÓËÉ)
+"char" char ÏÄÉÎ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌ
</PRE>
<P>÷ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÅÅ ÉÍÑ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ Õ×ÉÄÅÔØ, ËÏÇÄÁ ÓÍÏÔÒÉÔÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÅ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÉ
É × ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑÈ ÏÂ ÏÛÉÂËÁÈ.</P>
- <P>ðÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÅ ÞÅÔÙÒÅ ÔÉÐÁ Ñ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ "varlena" ÔÉÐÁÍÉ (Ô.Å., ÐÅÒ×ÙÅ
+ <P>ðÅÒ×ÙÅ ÞÅÔÙÒÅ ÔÉÐÁ Ñ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ "varlena" ÔÉÐÁÍÉ (Ô.Å., ÐÅÒ×ÙÅ
ÞÅÔÙÒÅ ÂÁÊÔÁ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ Ñ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ ÄÌÉÎÎÏÊ, ÚÁ ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÔ ÄÁÎÎÙÅ).
ôÁËÉÍ ÏÂÒÁÚÏÍ, ÆÁËÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÏÅ ÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÓÔ×Ï ÂÏÌØÛÅ, ÞÅÍ
ÏÂÏÚÎÁÞÅÎÎÙÊ ÒÁÚÍÅÒ. ïÄÎÁËÏ, ÜÔÉ ÔÉÐÙ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÄÄÁÀÔÓÑ ÓÖÁÔÉÀ
ÐÕÓÔÏÔÏÊ ÄÏ ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÊ ÄÌÉÎÙ, × ÔÏ ×ÒÅÍÑ ËÁË <SMALL>VARCHAR(n)</SMALL>
ÈÒÁÎÉÔ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ, ÉÚ ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÓÏÓÔÏÉÔ ÓÔÒÏËÁ.
<SMALL>BYTEA</SMALL> ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÄÌÑ ÈÒÁÎÅÎÉÑ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÈ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ, ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ
- ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÍÏÇÕÔ ×ËÌÀÞÁÔØ <SMALL>NULL</SMALL> ÂÁÊÔÙ. üÔÉ ÔÉÐÙ ÉÍÅÀÔ ÓÈÏÄÎÙÅ
- ÈÁÒÁËÔÅÒÉÓÔÉËÉ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ.</P>
+ ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÍÏÇÕÔ ×ËÌÀÞÁÔØ <SMALL>NULL</SMALL> ÂÁÊÔÙ. ÷ÓÅ ÔÉÐÙ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÅ
+ ÚÄÅÓØ, ÉÍÅÀÔ ÓÈÏÄÎÙÅ ÈÁÒÁËÔÅÒÉÓÔÉËÉ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ.</P>
<H4><A name="4.15.1">4.15.1</A>) ëÁË ÍÎÅ ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÐÏÌÅ
serial/Ó-Á×ÔÏ-Õ×ÅÌÉÞÅÎÉÅÍ?</H4>