+This document details the changes between this version, bash-5.2-rc1, and
+the previous version, bash-5.2-beta.
+
+1. Changes to Bash
+
+a. Changes to `wait -p' and how it sets the variable name in the presence of
+ valid and invalid PID arguments.
+
+b. Fixed a bug that caused compgen to dump core if the completion engine was
+ not initialized.
+
+c. Fixed a memory leak in the variable name programmable completion code.
+
+d. Here-documents and here-strings use tempfiles if the shell compatibility
+ level is 50 or lower.
+
+e. Non-interactive shells exit on a syntax error encountered while parsing a
+ command substitution.
+
+f. Fixed a bug with inherited parser state while parsing a command substitution.
+
+g. Fixed a bug that caused the shell not to check for terminating signals
+ after executing the command_string supplied with `-c' and before executing
+ the exit trap.
+
+h. Changes to avoid a make race condition while generating builtins.c.
+
+i. Make it explicit that BASH_REMATCH is always a global variable, and that
+ local copies are (currently) ignored.
+
+j. Fixed a bug that caused an ambiguous redirection (>&word) to be printed
+ incorrectly (>&word) if no file descriptor was supplied.
+
+2. Changes to Readline
+
+a. Fixed a bug that caused rl_eof_found to be set prematurely while reading a
+ multi-character key sequence in callback mode.
+
+3. New Features in Bash
+
+a. In posix mode, the `printf' builtin checks for the `L' length modifier and
+ uses long double for floating point conversion specifiers if it's present,
+ double otherwise.
+
+b. The `globbing' completion code now takes the `globstar' option into account.
+
+c. `suspend -f' now forces the shell to suspend even if job control is not
+ currently enabled.
+
+4. New Features in Readline
+
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This document details the changes between this version, bash-5.2-beta, and
the previous version, bash-5.2-alpha.
i. There is a default value for $BASH_LOADABLES_PATH in config-top.h.
j. Associative array assignment and certain instances of referencing (e.g.,
- `test -v' now allow `@' and `*' to be used as keys.
+ `test -v') now allow `@' and `*' to be used as keys.
-k. Bash attempts to expand indexed array subscripts only once when executing
- shell constructs and word expansions.
+k. Bash attempts to expand indexed and associative array subscripts only
+ once when executing shell constructs and word expansions.
l. The `unset' builtin allows a subscript of `@' or `*' to unset a key with
that value for associative arrays instead of unsetting the entire array
printed an informational message to that effect even when writing
output in a format that can be reused as input (-l). Bash-5.1
suppresses that message if -l is supplied
+ - Bash-5.1 and later use pipes for here-documents and here-strings if
+ they are smaller than the pipe capacity. If the shell compatibility
+ level is set to 50 or lower, it reverts to using temporary files.
compat51 (set using BASH_COMPAT)
- The `unset' builtin will unset the array a given an argument like
for statement can be expanded more than once
- expressions used as arguments to arithmetic operators in the [[
conditional command can be expanded more than once
+ - indexed and associative array subscripts used as arguments to the
+ operators in the [[ conditional command (e.g., `[[ -v') can be
+ expanded more than once. Bash-5.2 behaves as if the
+ `assoc_expand_once' option were enabled.
- the expressions in substring parameter brace expansion can be
expanded more than once
- the expressions in the $(( ... )) word expansion can be expanded
- parameter_brace_expand: when expanding an indirect variable, extend
the special case for array[@] and array[*] (set -u/no positional
parameters, obeying the baroque quoting rules) to the value of the
- indirection. Report amd fix from konsolebox <konsolebox@gmail.com>
+ indirection. Report and fix from konsolebox <konsolebox@gmail.com>
12/31
-----
---
configure.ac
- bumped version to bash-5.2-beta
+
+[bash-5.2-beta frozen]
+
+ 4/8
+ ---
+lib/readline/input.c
+ - _rl_orig_sigset: need extern declaration if HAVE_SELECT is defined.
+ From https://savannah.gnu.org/support/?110634
+
+examples/loadables/seq.c
+ - PRIdMAX: redefine if PRI_MACROS_BROKEN is defined.
+ From https://savannah.gnu.org/support/index.php?110635
+
+ 4/11
+ ----
+configure.ac
+ - BASH_FUNC_STRTOIMAX: replace strtoimax if the system doesn't provide
+ a declaration in a standard header file. Uses new m4/strtoimax.m4.
+ From https://savannah.gnu.org/support/index.php?110633
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - getdouble: new function, parses string into `double' using strtod
+ - printf_builtin: check for the `L' length modifier and use long
+ doubles for the floating point conversion specifiers. If it's not
+ supplied, use `double' when in posix mode (as posix specifies) and
+ long double (if it's available, double if not) in default mode.
+ From a report from Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
+
+ 4/12
+ ----
+lib/sh/oslib.c
+ - bzero: update function signature to modern BSD version
+
+ 4/14
+ ----
+lib/sh/oslib.c
+ - bcopy, gethostname, mkfifo: update function signatures to modern
+ versions
+
+ 4/15
+ ----
+jobs.c,nojobs.c
+ - wait_for_single_pid: if the pid or job argument is invalid -- isn't
+ a child of this shell -- return 257, which is out of the range of
+ valid 8-bit status values
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_pipeline: if wait_for_single_pid returns > 256, set it to
+ 127 (invalid process)
+
+jobs.c
+ - wait_for_background_pids: if wait_for_single_pid returns > 256, set
+ the status we return in PS to 127 (what it was before)
+
+builtins/wait.def
+ - wait_builtin: if wait_for_single_pid returns > 256, treat it as an
+ error and set pstat.pid to NO_PID
+ - wait_builtin: if -p supplied, and we get to the end of the argument
+ list with PSTAT.PID != NO_PID (which we assume means that the return
+ value is set from PSTAT.STATUS), set the variable name to PSTAT.PID.
+ From a report by Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
+ - wait_builtin: for compatibility with the netbsd sh, leave the variable
+ name specified with `-p' unset if there are no PID arguments.
+ From a report by Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
+
+ 4/17
+ ----
+parse.y
+ - xparse_dolparen: if (flags & SX_NOLONGJMP), don't call
+ jump_to_top_level() on errors
+
+bashline.c
+ - bash_quote_filename: don't call quote_word_break_chars() unless we
+ have word break chars initialized. Fixes bug reported by
+ Sam James <sam@gentoo.org>
+
+ 4/18
+ ----
+pcomplete.c
+ - gen_globpat_matches: call glob_filename with the GX_GLOBSTAR flag if
+ the `globstar' shell option is enabled. From a report by
+ Steve <bash@lonetwin.net>
+
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - internal_free: remove the GLIBC21 code (!)
+ - internal_free: make the code that tests against memtop and calls
+ lesscore depend on USE_LESSCORE being defined, which it is by
+ default
+
+lib/malloc/imalloc.h
+ - USE_LESSCORE: define
+
+parse.y,shell.h
+ - token_buffer_size and its corresponding saved value in the shell's
+ parser state are now size_t instead of int
+
+stringlib.c
+ - strsub,strcreplace: use size_t instead of int for local length and
+ indexing variables
+
+lib/sh/zmapfd.c
+ - zmapfd: use size_t instead of int for local length and indexing
+ variables
+
+lib/sh/zgetline.c
+ - zgetline: use size_t instead of int for local length and indexing
+ variables
+
+ 4/20
+ ----
+pcomplete.c
+ - init_itemlist_from_varlist: free VLIST after assigning it from
+ *SVFUNC and after we get the variable names and values out of it.
+ Report from Robert E. Griffith <bobg@junga.com>
+
+ 4/25
+ ----
+redir.c
+ - here_document_to_fd: if the shell compatibility level is bash-5.0 or
+ earlier, use tempfiles for all here-documents and here-strings. From
+ a bug-bash discussion started by Sam Liddicott <sam@liddicott.com>
+
+ 4/26
+ ----
+parse.y
+ - parse_comsub: non-interactive shells exit on a syntax error while
+ parsing the command substitution
+ - parse_comsub: unset additional PARSER_STATE flags before calling
+ yyparse(). Inspired by https://bugs.gentoo.org/837203; unsetting
+ PST_COMPASSIGN is the fix for that bug
+ - parse_string_to_word_list: use save_parser_state/restore_parser_state
+ instead of saving pieces of the shell state in individual variables
+ - parse_compound_assignment: use save_parser_state/restore_parser_state
+ instead of saving pieces of the shell state in individual variables
+ - parse_compound_assignment: unset additional PARSER_STATE flags before
+ calling read_token(); set esacs_needed_count and expecting_in_token
+ to 0 like in parse_comsub() since read_token can use them
+
+ 4/27
+ ----
+lib/sh/strvis.c
+ - sh_charvis: changes to handle being compiled without multibyte support
+
+ 4/29
+ ----
+lib/readline/callback.c
+ - rl_callback_read_char: don't set rl_eof_found unless eof is > 0,
+ since it can be -3 if we need to read more input in a multi-key
+ sequence. Report from Andrew Burgess <aburgess@redhat.com>
+
+examples/loadables/Makefile.sample.in
+ - new file, containing the rules to build the example shared object
+ - includes Makefile.inc from wherever it's installed. Suggested by
+ Robert E. Griffith <bobg@junga.com>
+
+examples/loadables/Makefile.inc.in
+ - remove rules that create the example shared object
+
+ 4/30
+ ----
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - parse_and_execute: check for terminating signals before returning,
+ after any longjmp, to improve responsiveness and fix the -c code
+ path before running any exit trap. Report from
+ Emanuele Torre <torreemanuele6@gmail.com>
+
+ 5/17
+ ----
+builtins/suspend.def
+ - suspend_builtin: the -f option now forces a suspend even if job
+ control is not enabled. Inspired by a discussion with
+ Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - suspend: updated description to include expanded -f behavior
+
+ 5/25
+ ----
+builtins/mkbuiltins.c
+ - -includefile: new argument, specifies extern filename to insert
+ into the #include statement in the structfile (builtins.c) and
+ the filename in the comment in the extern file (builtext.h).
+ From Alexander Kanavin <alex.kanavin@gmail.com> via
+ https://savannah.gnu.org/patch/?10210
+
+builtins/Makefile.in
+ - builtins.c: change call to mkbuiltins to add -includefile option
+ - builtins.c: change recipe to run all the commands in the same shell
+ invocation
+ - builtins.c: change recipe to specify new filenames in the call to
+ mkbuiltins and move them onto builtins.c/builtext.h if the new ones
+ are different; make the new filenames use the current make recipe
+ shell pid in the filename ($$RECPID).
+ Inspired by Alexander Kanavin <alex.kanavin@gmail.com> via
+ https://savannah.gnu.org/patch/?10210
+
+ 6/2
+ ---
+builtins/common.c
+ - builtin_find_indexed_array: new function, factored common code out
+ of mapfile and read builtins to find an in-scope indexed array or
+ create one
+
+builtins/common.h
+ - builtin_find_indexed_array: extern declaration
+
+builtins/{mapfile,read}.def
+ - change callers to use builtin_find_indexed_array
+
+variables.c
+ - unbind_global_variable, unbind_global_variable_noref: new functions
+ that remove variables from the global_variables table
+
+lib/sh/shmatch.c
+ - sh_regmatch: use unbind_global_variable_noref to make sure we act on
+ the copy of BASH_REMATCH in the global scope all the time, ignoring
+ any local variables that might exist. Tentative fix for memory leak
+ report from Emanuele Torre <torreemanuele6@gmail.com>
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - BASH_REMATCH: add caveat about making it a local variable
+
+ 6/6
+ ---
+print_cmd.c
+ - print_redirection: if the redirectee for r_duplicating_output_word
+ (r_duplicating_input_word) is 1 (0), don't print it; only print a
+ non-default file descriptor number
+ - print_redirection_list: remove the code that tries to temporarily
+ translate a >&word redirection to >&word now that we won't print a
+ non-default file descriptor number. Fixes issue with `declare -f' and
+ function export reported by Namikaze Minato <lloydsensei@gmail.com>
+
+ 6/13
+ ----
+configure.ac
+ - bumped version to bash-5.2-rc1
builtins/wait.def f
builtins/psize.c f
builtins/psize.sh f
-builtins/inlib.def f
+#builtins/inlib.def f
builtins/bashgetopt.c f
builtins/common.h f
builtins/bashgetopt.h f
lib/tilde/tilde.c f
lib/tilde/tilde.h f
lib/tilde/shell.c f
+m4/strtoimax.m4 f
m4/stat-time.m4 f
m4/timespec.m4 f
m4/codeset.m4 f
examples/loadables/loadables.h f
examples/loadables/Makefile.in f
examples/loadables/Makefile.inc.in f
+examples/loadables/Makefile.sample.in f
examples/loadables/necho.c f
examples/loadables/hello.c f
examples/loadables/asort.c f
#examples/scripts/adventure.sh f
#examples/scripts/bash-hexdump.sh f
#examples/scripts/bcsh.sh f
+examples/scripts/bcalc f
examples/scripts/cat.sh f
examples/scripts/center f
#examples/scripts/dd-ex.sh f
tests/comsub-posix2.sub f
tests/comsub-posix3.sub f
tests/comsub-posix5.sub f
+tests/comsub-posix6.sub f
tests/cond.tests f
tests/cond.right f
tests/cond-regexp1.sub f
make_cmd.h subst.h sig.h externs.h builtins.h \
bashtypes.h xmalloc.h config-top.h config-bot.h \
bashintl.h bashansi.h bashjmp.h alias.h hashlib.h \
- conftypes.h unwind_prot.h jobs.h siglist.h
+ conftypes.h unwind_prot.h jobs.h siglist.h \
+ execute_cmd.h
INSTALLED_BUILTINS_HEADERS = bashgetopt.h common.h getopt.h
INSTALLED_INCFILES = posixstat.h ansi_stdlib.h filecntl.h posixdir.h \
memalloc.h stdc.h posixjmp.h posixwait.h posixtime.h systimes.h \
lib/readline/Makefile lib/glob/Makefile \
lib/sh/Makefile lib/tilde/Makefile lib/malloc/Makefile \
lib/termcap/Makefile examples/loadables/Makefile \
- examples/loadables/Makefile.inc \
+ examples/loadables/Makefile.inc examples/loadables/Makefile.sample \
examples/loadables/perl/Makefile support/Makefile \
lib/intl/Makefile po/Makefile po/Makefile.in
CREATED_HEADERS = signames.h config.h pathnames.h version.h y.tab.h \
cc. There is a new bindable readline command name:
`vi-edit-and-execute-command'.
+dd. In posix mode, the `printf' builtin checks for the `L' length modifier and
+ uses long double for floating point conversion specifiers if it's present,
+ double otherwise.
+
+ee. The `globbing' completion code now takes the `globstar' option into account.
+
+ff. `suspend -f' now forces the shell to suspend even if job control is not
+ currently enabled.
+
2. New Features in Readline
a. There is now an HS_HISTORY_VERSION containing the version number of the
'read', the trap handler executes and 'read' returns an exit status
greater than 128.
- 60. Bash removes an exited background process's status from the list
+ 60. The 'printf' builting uses 'double' (via 'strtod') to convert
+ arguments corresponding to floating point conversion specifiers,
+ instead of 'long double' if it's available. The 'L' length
+ modifier forces 'printf' to use 'long double' if it's available.
+
+ 61. Bash removes an exited background process's status from the list
of such statuses after the 'wait' builtin is used to obtain it.
There is other POSIX behavior that Bash does not implement by default
/* We may need to quote additional characters: those that readline treats
as word breaks that are not quoted by backslash_quote. */
/* XXX - test complete_fullquote here? */
- if (rtext && cs == COMPLETE_BSQUOTE)
+ if (rtext && cs == COMPLETE_BSQUOTE && rl_completer_word_break_characters)
{
mtext = quote_word_break_chars (rtext);
free (rtext);
extern char **bash_default_completion PARAMS((const char *, int, int, int, int));
-void set_directory_hook PARAMS((void));
+extern void set_directory_hook PARAMS((void));
/* Used by programmable completion code. */
extern char *command_word_completion_function PARAMS((const char *, int));
# This Makefile for building libbuiltins.a is in -*- text -*- for Emacs.
#
-# Copyright (C) 1996-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 1996-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
$(CC_FOR_BUILD) $(LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD) -o $@ gen-helpfiles.o tmpbuiltins.o $(LIBS_FOR_BUILD)
builtext.h builtins.c: $(MKBUILTINS) $(DEFSRC)
- @-if test -f builtins.c; then mv -f builtins.c old-builtins.c; fi
- @-if test -f builtext.h; then mv -f builtext.h old-builtext.h; fi
- ./$(MKBUILTINS) -externfile builtext.h -structfile builtins.c \
- -noproduction $(DIRECTDEFINE) $(HELPDIRDEFINE) $(HELPSTRINGS) $(DEFSRC)
- @-if cmp -s old-builtext.h builtext.h 2>/dev/null; then \
- mv old-builtext.h builtext.h; \
- else \
- $(RM) old-builtext.h; \
- fi
- @-if cmp -s old-builtins.c builtins.c 2>/dev/null; then \
- mv old-builtins.c builtins.c; \
- else \
- $(RM) old-builtins.c; \
- fi
+ @RECPID=$$$$ ; \
+ NEW_BUILTEXT=builtext-$$RECPID.h NEW_BUILTINS=builtins-$$RECPID.c ; \
+ ./$(MKBUILTINS) -externfile $$NEW_BUILTEXT \
+ -includefile builtext.h \
+ -structfile $$NEW_BUILTINS \
+ -noproduction $(DIRECTDEFINE) $(HELPDIRDEFINE) $(HELPSTRINGS) $(DEFSRC) ; \
+ if cmp -s $$NEW_BUILTEXT builtext.h 2>/dev/null; then \
+ $(RM) $$NEW_BUILTEXT; \
+ else \
+ mv $$NEW_BUILTEXT builtext.h; \
+ fi ; \
+ if cmp -s $$NEW_BUILTINS builtins.c 2>/dev/null; then \
+ $(RM) $$NEW_BUILTINS ; \
+ else \
+ mv $$NEW_BUILTINS builtins.c; \
+ fi
helpdoc: gen-helpfiles
./gen-helpfiles ${HELPDIRDEFINE}
return v;
}
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+SHELL_VAR *
+builtin_find_indexed_array (array_name, flags)
+ char *array_name;
+ int flags;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *entry;
+
+ if ((flags & 2) && legal_identifier (array_name) == 0)
+ {
+ sh_invalidid (array_name);
+ return (SHELL_VAR *)NULL;
+ }
+
+ entry = find_or_make_array_variable (array_name, 1);
+ /* With flags argument & 1, find_or_make_array_variable checks for readonly
+ and noassign variables and prints error messages. */
+ if (entry == 0)
+ return entry;
+ else if (array_p (entry) == 0)
+ {
+ builtin_error (_("%s: not an indexed array"), array_name);
+ return (SHELL_VAR *)NULL;
+ }
+ else if (invisible_p (entry))
+ VUNSETATTR (entry, att_invisible); /* no longer invisible */
+
+ if (flags & 1)
+ array_flush (array_cell (entry));
+
+ return entry;
+}
+#endif /* ARRAY_VARS */
+
/* Like check_unbind_variable, but for use by builtins (only matters for
error messages). */
int
extern SHELL_VAR *builtin_bind_var_to_int PARAMS((char *, intmax_t, int));
extern int builtin_unbind_variable PARAMS((const char *));
+extern SHELL_VAR *builtin_find_indexed_array PARAMS((char *, int));
extern int builtin_arrayref_flags PARAMS((WORD_DESC *, int));
/* variables from evalfile.c */
break;
}
}
-
+
if (parse_command () == 0)
{
if ((flags & SEVAL_PARSEONLY) || (interactive_shell == 0 && read_but_dont_execute))
throw_to_top_level ();
}
+ CHECK_TERMSIG;
+
if (should_jump_to_top_level)
jump_to_top_level (code);
sigprocmask (SIG_BLOCK, (sigset_t *)NULL, (sigset_t *)&ps_sigmask);
#endif
-/*itrace("parse_string: `%s'", string);*/
/* Reset the line number if the caller wants us to. If we don't reset the
line number, we have to subtract one, because we will add one just
before executing the next command (resetting the line number sets it to
/* The following check should be done before reading any lines. Doing it
here allows us to call bind_array_element instead of bind_array_variable
and skip the variable lookup on every call. */
- entry = find_or_make_array_variable (array_name, 1);
- if (entry == 0 || readonly_p (entry) || noassign_p (entry))
- {
- if (entry && readonly_p (entry))
- err_readonly (array_name);
-
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
- else if (array_p (entry) == 0)
- {
- builtin_error (_("%s: not an indexed array"), array_name);
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
- else if (invisible_p (entry))
- VUNSETATTR (entry, att_invisible); /* no longer invisible */
-
- if (flags & MAPF_CLEARARRAY)
- array_flush (array_cell (entry));
+ entry = builtin_find_indexed_array (array_name, flags & MAPF_CLEARARRAY);
+ if (entry == 0)
+ return EXECUTION_FAILURE;
#ifndef __CYGWIN__
/* If the delimiter is a newline, turn on unbuffered reads for pipes
/* mkbuiltins.c - Create builtins.c, builtext.h, and builtdoc.c from
a single source file called builtins.def. */
-/* Copyright (C) 1987-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Copyright (C) 1987-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
/* The name of the external declaration file. */
char *extern_filename = (char *)NULL;
+/* The name of the include file to write into the structure file, if it's
+ different from extern_filename. */
+char *include_filename = (char *)NULL;
+
+/* The name of the include file to put into the generated struct filename. */
+
/* Here is a structure for manipulating arrays of data. */
typedef struct {
int size; /* Number of slots allocated to array. */
if (strcmp (arg, "-externfile") == 0)
extern_filename = argv[arg_index++];
+ else if (strcmp (arg, "-includefile") == 0)
+ include_filename = argv[arg_index++];
else if (strcmp (arg, "-structfile") == 0)
struct_filename = argv[arg_index++];
else if (strcmp (arg, "-noproduction") == 0)
}
}
+ if (include_filename == 0)
+ include_filename = extern_filename;
+
/* If there are no files to process, just quit now. */
if (arg_index == argc)
exit (0);
"/* This file is manufactured by ./mkbuiltins, and should not be",
" edited by hand. See the source to mkbuiltins for details. */",
"",
- "/* Copyright (C) 1987-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.",
+ "/* Copyright (C) 1987-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.",
"",
" This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.",
"",
fprintf (structfile, "%s\n", structfile_header[i]);
fprintf (structfile, "#include \"%s\"\n",
- extern_filename ? extern_filename : "builtext.h");
+ include_filename ? include_filename : "builtext.h");
fprintf (structfile, "#include \"bashintl.h\"\n");
if (externfile)
fprintf (externfile,
"/* %s - The list of builtins found in libbuiltins.a. */\n",
- extern_filename ? extern_filename : "builtext.h");
+ include_filename ? include_filename : "builtext.h");
}
/* Write out any necessary closing information for
#if defined (HAVE_LONG_DOUBLE) && HAVE_DECL_STRTOLD && !defined(STRTOLD_BROKEN)
typedef long double floatmax_t;
+# define USE_LONG_DOUBLE 1
# define FLOATMAX_CONV "L"
# define strtofltmax strtold
#else
typedef double floatmax_t;
+# define USE_LONG_DOUBLE 0
# define FLOATMAX_CONV ""
# define strtofltmax strtod
#endif
+static double getdouble PARAMS((void));
static floatmax_t getfloatmax PARAMS((void));
static intmax_t asciicode PARAMS((void));
WORD_LIST *list;
{
int ch, fieldwidth, precision;
- int have_fieldwidth, have_precision;
+ int have_fieldwidth, have_precision, use_Lmod;
char convch, thisch, nextch, *format, *modstart, *precstart, *fmt, *start;
#if defined (HANDLE_MULTIBYTE)
char mbch[25]; /* 25 > MB_LEN_MAX, plus can handle 4-byte UTF-8 and large Unicode characters*/
/* skip possible format modifiers */
modstart = fmt;
+ use_Lmod = 0;
while (*fmt && strchr (LENMODS, *fmt))
- fmt++;
+ {
+ use_Lmod |= USE_LONG_DOUBLE && *fmt == 'L';
+ fmt++;
+ }
if (*fmt == 0)
{
#endif
{
char *f;
- floatmax_t p;
- p = getfloatmax ();
- f = mklong (start, FLOATMAX_CONV, sizeof(FLOATMAX_CONV) - 1);
- PF (f, p);
+ if (use_Lmod || posixly_correct == 0)
+ {
+ floatmax_t p;
+
+ p = getfloatmax ();
+ f = mklong (start, "L", 1);
+ PF (f, p);
+ }
+ else /* posixly_correct */
+ {
+ double p;
+
+ p = getdouble ();
+ f = mklong (start, "", 0);
+ PF (f, p);
+ }
+
break;
}
return (ret);
}
+static double
+getdouble ()
+{
+ double ret;
+ char *ep;
+
+ if (garglist == 0)
+ return (0);
+
+ if (garglist->word->word[0] == '\'' || garglist->word->word[0] == '"')
+ return asciicode ();
+
+ errno = 0;
+ ret = strtod (garglist->word->word, &ep);
+
+ if (*ep)
+ {
+ sh_invalidnum (garglist->word->word);
+ conversion_error = 1;
+ }
+ else if (errno == ERANGE)
+ printf_erange (garglist->word->word);
+
+ garglist = garglist->next;
+ return (ret);
+}
+
static floatmax_t
getfloatmax ()
{
an assign them to `arrayname' in turn. */
if (arrayname)
{
- if (legal_identifier (arrayname) == 0)
- {
- sh_invalidid (arrayname);
- free (input_string);
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
-
- var = find_or_make_array_variable (arrayname, 1);
+ /* pass 1 for flags arg to clear the existing array + 2 to check for a
+ valid identifier. */
+ var = builtin_find_indexed_array (arrayname, 3);
if (var == 0)
{
free (input_string);
return EXECUTION_FAILURE; /* readonly or noassign */
}
- if (assoc_p (var))
- {
- builtin_error (_("%s: cannot convert associative to indexed array"), arrayname);
- free (input_string);
- return EXECUTION_FAILURE; /* existing associative array */
- }
- else if (invisible_p (var))
- VUNSETATTR (var, att_invisible);
- array_flush (array_cell (var));
alist = list_string (input_string, ifs_chars, 0);
if (alist)
This file is suspend.def, from which is created suspend.c.
It implements the builtin "suspend" in Bash.
-Copyright (C) 1987-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1987-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
Suspend shell execution.
Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SIGCONT signal.
-Unless forced, login shells cannot be suspended.
+Unless forced, login shells and shells without job control cannot be
+suspended.
Options:
- -f force the suspend, even if the shell is a login shell
+ -f force the suspend, even if the shell is a login shell or job
+ control is not enabled.
Exit Status:
Returns success unless job control is not enabled or an error occurs.
}
list = loptend;
-
- if (job_control == 0)
- {
- sh_nojobs (_("cannot suspend"));
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
+ no_args (list);
if (force == 0)
{
- no_args (list);
+ if (job_control == 0)
+ {
+ sh_nojobs (_("cannot suspend"));
+ return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
+ }
if (login_shell)
{
-This file is wait.def, from which is created wait.c.
+'This file is wait.def, from which is created wait.c.
It implements the builtin "wait" in Bash.
Copyright (C) 1987-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
if (list == 0)
{
opt = wait_for_background_pids (&pstat);
+#if 0
+ /* Compatibility with NetBSD sh: don't set VNAME since it doesn't
+ correspond to the return status. */
if (vname && opt)
builtin_bind_var_to_int (vname, pstat.pid, bindflags);
+#endif
WAIT_RETURN (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
}
{
pid = (pid_t)pid_value;
status = wait_for_single_pid (pid, wflags|JWAIT_PERROR);
- pstat.pid = pid;
- pstat.status = status;
+ /* status > 256 means pid error */
+ pstat.pid = (status > 256) ? NO_PID : pid;
+ pstat.status = (status > 256) ? 127 : status;
+ if (status > 256)
+ status = 127;
}
else
{
list = list->next;
}
+ if (vname && pstat.pid != NO_PID)
+ builtin_bind_var_to_int (vname, pstat.pid, bindflags);
+
WAIT_RETURN (status);
}
#! /bin/sh
-# From configure.ac for Bash 5.2, version 5.039.
+# From configure.ac for Bash 5.2, version 5.041.
# Guess values for system-dependent variables and create Makefiles.
-# Generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71 for bash 5.2-beta.
+# Generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71 for bash 5.2-rc1.
#
# Report bugs to <bug-bash@gnu.org>.
#
# Identity of this package.
PACKAGE_NAME='bash'
PACKAGE_TARNAME='bash'
-PACKAGE_VERSION='5.2-beta'
-PACKAGE_STRING='bash 5.2-beta'
+PACKAGE_VERSION='5.2-rc1'
+PACKAGE_STRING='bash 5.2-rc1'
PACKAGE_BUGREPORT='bug-bash@gnu.org'
PACKAGE_URL=''
# Omit some internal or obsolete options to make the list less imposing.
# This message is too long to be a string in the A/UX 3.1 sh.
cat <<_ACEOF
-\`configure' configures bash 5.2-beta to adapt to many kinds of systems.
+\`configure' configures bash 5.2-rc1 to adapt to many kinds of systems.
Usage: $0 [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...
if test -n "$ac_init_help"; then
case $ac_init_help in
- short | recursive ) echo "Configuration of bash 5.2-beta:";;
+ short | recursive ) echo "Configuration of bash 5.2-rc1:";;
esac
cat <<\_ACEOF
test -n "$ac_init_help" && exit $ac_status
if $ac_init_version; then
cat <<\_ACEOF
-bash configure 5.2-beta
+bash configure 5.2-rc1
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71
Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file contains any messages produced by compilers while
running configure, to aid debugging if configure makes a mistake.
-It was created by bash $as_me 5.2-beta, which was
+It was created by bash $as_me 5.2-rc1, which was
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71. Invocation command line was
$ $0$ac_configure_args_raw
BASHVERS=5.2
-RELSTATUS=beta
+RELSTATUS=rc1
case "$RELSTATUS" in
alp*|bet*|dev*|rc*|releng*|maint*) DEBUG='-DDEBUG' MALLOC_DEBUG='-DMALLOC_DEBUG' ;;
+
+
+
+
+
# codeset.m4 serial 5 (gettext-0.18.2)
;;
esac
-fi
-ac_fn_c_check_func "$LINENO" "strtoimax" "ac_cv_func_strtoimax"
-if test "x$ac_cv_func_strtoimax" = xyes
-then :
- printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_STRTOIMAX 1" >>confdefs.h
-
-else $as_nop
- case " $LIBOBJS " in
- *" strtoimax.$ac_objext "* ) ;;
- *) LIBOBJS="$LIBOBJS strtoimax.$ac_objext"
- ;;
-esac
-
fi
ac_fn_c_check_func "$LINENO" "strtoumax" "ac_cv_func_strtoumax"
if test "x$ac_cv_func_strtoumax" = xyes
fi
-ac_fn_check_decl "$LINENO" "strtoimax" "ac_cv_have_decl_strtoimax" "$ac_includes_default" "$ac_c_undeclared_builtin_options" "CFLAGS"
-if test "x$ac_cv_have_decl_strtoimax" = xyes
-then :
- ac_have_decl=1
-else $as_nop
- ac_have_decl=0
-fi
-printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_DECL_STRTOIMAX $ac_have_decl" >>confdefs.h
-
ac_fn_check_decl "$LINENO" "strtol" "ac_cv_have_decl_strtol" "$ac_includes_default" "$ac_c_undeclared_builtin_options" "CFLAGS"
if test "x$ac_cv_have_decl_strtol" = xyes
then :
+{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for usable strtoimax" >&5
+printf %s "checking for usable strtoimax... " >&6; }
+if test ${bash_cv_func_strtoimax+y}
+then :
+ printf %s "(cached) " >&6
+else $as_nop
+
+ HAVE_STRTOIMAX=0 HAVE_DECL_STRTOIMAX=0
+
+ ac_fn_c_check_func "$LINENO" "strtoimax" "ac_cv_func_strtoimax"
+if test "x$ac_cv_func_strtoimax" = xyes
+then :
+ printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_STRTOIMAX 1" >>confdefs.h
+
+fi
+
+ ac_fn_check_decl "$LINENO" "strtoimax" "ac_cv_have_decl_strtoimax" "$ac_includes_default" "$ac_c_undeclared_builtin_options" "CFLAGS"
+if test "x$ac_cv_have_decl_strtoimax" = xyes
+then :
+ ac_have_decl=1
+else $as_nop
+ ac_have_decl=0
+fi
+printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_DECL_STRTOIMAX $ac_have_decl" >>confdefs.h
+
+
+ if test "$ac_cv_func_strtoimax" = "yes" ; then
+ HAVE_STRTOIMAX=1
+ fi
+ if test "$ac_cv_have_decl_strtoimax" = "yes" ; then
+ HAVE_DECL_STRTOIMAX=1
+ fi
+
+ if test "$HAVE_STRTOIMAX" = 0 || test "$HAVE_DECL_STRTOIMAX" = 0 ; then
+ bash_cv_func_strtoimax=no REPLACE_STRTOIMAX=1
+ else
+ bash_cv_func_strtoimax=yes
+ fi
+
+fi
+
+{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $bash_cv_func_strtoimax" >&5
+printf "%s\n" "$bash_cv_func_strtoimax" >&6; }
+if test $bash_cv_func_strtoimax = yes; then
+case " $LIBOBJS " in
+ *" strtoimax.$ac_objext "* ) ;;
+ *) LIBOBJS="$LIBOBJS strtoimax.$ac_objext"
+ ;;
+esac
+
+fi
+
+
+
if test "$ac_cv_func_putenv" = "yes"; then
#AC_SUBST(ALLOCA_SOURCE)
#AC_SUBST(ALLOCA_OBJECT)
-ac_config_files="$ac_config_files Makefile builtins/Makefile lib/readline/Makefile lib/glob/Makefile lib/intl/Makefile lib/malloc/Makefile lib/sh/Makefile lib/termcap/Makefile lib/tilde/Makefile doc/Makefile support/Makefile po/Makefile.in examples/loadables/Makefile examples/loadables/Makefile.inc examples/loadables/perl/Makefile support/bash.pc support/bashbug.sh"
+ac_config_files="$ac_config_files Makefile builtins/Makefile lib/readline/Makefile lib/glob/Makefile lib/intl/Makefile lib/malloc/Makefile lib/sh/Makefile lib/termcap/Makefile lib/tilde/Makefile doc/Makefile support/Makefile po/Makefile.in examples/loadables/Makefile examples/loadables/Makefile.inc examples/loadables/Makefile.sample examples/loadables/perl/Makefile support/bash.pc support/bashbug.sh"
ac_config_commands="$ac_config_commands stamp-h"
# report actual input values of CONFIG_FILES etc. instead of their
# values after options handling.
ac_log="
-This file was extended by bash $as_me 5.2-beta, which was
+This file was extended by bash $as_me 5.2-rc1, which was
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71. Invocation command line was
CONFIG_FILES = $CONFIG_FILES
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
ac_cs_config='$ac_cs_config_escaped'
ac_cs_version="\\
-bash config.status 5.2-beta
+bash config.status 5.2-rc1
configured by $0, generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71,
with options \\"\$ac_cs_config\\"
"po/Makefile.in") CONFIG_FILES="$CONFIG_FILES po/Makefile.in" ;;
"examples/loadables/Makefile") CONFIG_FILES="$CONFIG_FILES examples/loadables/Makefile" ;;
"examples/loadables/Makefile.inc") CONFIG_FILES="$CONFIG_FILES examples/loadables/Makefile.inc" ;;
+ "examples/loadables/Makefile.sample") CONFIG_FILES="$CONFIG_FILES examples/loadables/Makefile.sample" ;;
"examples/loadables/perl/Makefile") CONFIG_FILES="$CONFIG_FILES examples/loadables/perl/Makefile" ;;
"support/bash.pc") CONFIG_FILES="$CONFIG_FILES support/bash.pc" ;;
"support/bashbug.sh") CONFIG_FILES="$CONFIG_FILES support/bashbug.sh" ;;
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-AC_REVISION([for Bash 5.2, version 5.039])dnl
+AC_REVISION([for Bash 5.2, version 5.041])dnl
define(bashvers, 5.2)
-define(relstatus, beta)
+define(relstatus, rc1)
AC_INIT([bash], bashvers-relstatus, [bug-bash@gnu.org])
m4_include([m4/stat-time.m4])
m4_include([m4/timespec.m4])
+m4_include([m4/strtoimax.m4])
+
dnl include files for gettext
m4_include([m4/codeset.m4])
AC_REPLACE_FUNCS(getcwd memset)
AC_REPLACE_FUNCS(strcasecmp strcasestr strerror strftime strnlen strpbrk strstr)
-AC_REPLACE_FUNCS(strtod strtol strtoul strtoll strtoull strtoimax strtoumax)
+AC_REPLACE_FUNCS(strtod strtol strtoul strtoll strtoull strtoumax)
AC_REPLACE_FUNCS(dprintf)
AC_REPLACE_FUNCS(strchrnul)
AC_REPLACE_FUNCS(strdup)
fi
])
-AC_CHECK_DECLS(strtoimax)
AC_CHECK_DECLS(strtol)
AC_CHECK_DECLS(strtoll)
AC_CHECK_DECLS(strtoul)
BASH_FUNC_SNPRINTF
BASH_FUNC_VSNPRINTF
+BASH_FUNC_STRTOIMAX
+
dnl If putenv or unsetenv is not present, set the right define so the
dnl prototype and declaration in lib/sh/getenv.c will be standard-conformant
lib/tilde/Makefile doc/Makefile support/Makefile \
po/Makefile.in examples/loadables/Makefile \
examples/loadables/Makefile.inc \
+ examples/loadables/Makefile.sample \
examples/loadables/perl/Makefile \
support/bash.pc support/bashbug.sh])
startup files are read.
B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh attempts to determine when it is being run with its standard input
- connected to a network connection, as when executed by the remote shell
- daemon, usually _\br_\bs_\bh_\bd, or the secure shell daemon _\bs_\bs_\bh_\bd. If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh deter-
- mines it is being run in this fashion, it reads and executes commands
- from _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\br_\bc, if that file exists and is readable. It will not do
- this if invoked as s\bsh\bh. The -\b--\b-n\bno\bor\brc\bc option may be used to inhibit this
- behavior, and the -\b--\b-r\brc\bcf\bfi\bil\ble\be option may be used to force another file to
- be read, but neither _\br_\bs_\bh_\bd nor _\bs_\bs_\bh_\bd generally invoke the shell with
- those options or allow them to be specified.
+ connected to a network connection, as when executed by the historical
+ remote shell daemon, usually _\br_\bs_\bh_\bd, or the secure shell daemon _\bs_\bs_\bh_\bd. If
+ b\bba\bas\bsh\bh determines it is being run non-interactively in this fashion, it
+ reads and executes commands from _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\br_\bc, if that file exists and is
+ readable. It will not do this if invoked as s\bsh\bh. The -\b--\b-n\bno\bor\brc\bc option may
+ be used to inhibit this behavior, and the -\b--\b-r\brc\bcf\bfi\bil\ble\be option may be used
+ to force another file to be read, but neither _\br_\bs_\bh_\bd nor _\bs_\bs_\bh_\bd generally
+ invoke the shell with those options or allow them to be specified.
If the shell is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to
the real user (group) id, and the -\b-p\bp option is not supplied, no startup
by the shell and its children. The T\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT variable may be used to
specify the format of the time information.
- Each command in a pipeline is executed in a _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl, which is a sepa-
- rate process. See C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT for a description of
- subshells and a subshell environment. If the l\bla\bas\bst\btp\bpi\bip\bpe\be option is en-
- abled using the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin (see the description of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt below), the
- last element of a pipeline may be run by the shell process when job
- control is not active.
+ Each command in a multi-command pipeline, where pipes are created, is
+ executed in a _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl, which is a separate process. See C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bE-\b-
+ C\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT for a description of subshells and a subshell envi-
+ ronment. If the l\bla\bas\bst\btp\bpi\bip\bpe\be option is enabled using the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin
+ (see the description of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt below), the last element of a pipeline
+ may be run by the shell process when job control is not active.
L\bLi\bis\bst\bts\bs
A _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is a sequence of one or more pipelines separated by one of the
Substrings matched by parenthesized subexpressions within the
regular expression are saved in the remaining B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH in-
dices. The element of B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH with index _\bn is the portion
- of the string matching the _\bnth parenthesized subexpression.
+ of the string matching the _\bnth parenthesized subexpression.
+ Bash sets B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_R\bRE\bEM\bMA\bAT\bTC\bCH\bH in the global scope; declaring it as a
+ local variable will lead to unexpected results.
Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
listed in decreasing order of precedence:
quence and character set, is matched. If the first char-
acter following the [\b[ is a !\b! or a ^\b^ then any character
not enclosed is matched. The sorting order of characters
- in range expressions is determined by the current locale
- and the values of the L\bLC\bC_\b_C\bCO\bOL\bLL\bLA\bAT\bTE\bE or L\bLC\bC_\b_A\bAL\bLL\bL shell vari-
- ables, if set. To obtain the traditional interpretation
- of range expressions, where [\b[a\ba-\b-d\bd]\b] is equivalent to
- [\b[a\bab\bbc\bcd\bd]\b], set value of the L\bLC\bC_\b_A\bAL\bLL\bL shell variable to C\bC, or
- enable the g\bgl\blo\bob\bba\bas\bsc\bci\bii\bir\bra\ban\bng\bge\bes\bs shell option. A -\b- may be
- matched by including it as the first or last character in
- the set. A ]\b] may be matched by including it as the first
- character in the set.
-
- Within [\b[ and ]\b], _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br _\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs_\be_\bs can be specified using
+ in range expressions, and the characters included in the
+ range, are determined by the current locale and the val-
+ ues of the L\bLC\bC_\b_C\bCO\bOL\bLL\bLA\bAT\bTE\bE or L\bLC\bC_\b_A\bAL\bLL\bL shell variables, if set.
+ To obtain the traditional interpretation of range expres-
+ sions, where [\b[a\ba-\b-d\bd]\b] is equivalent to [\b[a\bab\bbc\bcd\bd]\b], set value of
+ the L\bLC\bC_\b_A\bAL\bLL\bL shell variable to C\bC, or enable the g\bgl\blo\bob\bba\bas\bsc\bci\bi-\b-
+ i\bir\bra\ban\bng\bge\bes\bs shell option. A -\b- may be matched by including it
+ as the first or last character in the set. A ]\b] may be
+ matched by including it as the first character in the
+ set.
+
+ Within [\b[ and ]\b], _\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br _\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs_\be_\bs can be specified using
the syntax [\b[:\b:_\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs:\b:]\b], where _\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs is one of the following
classes defined in the POSIX standard:
- a\bal\bln\bnu\bum\bm a\bal\blp\bph\bha\ba a\bas\bsc\bci\bii\bi b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bk c\bcn\bnt\btr\brl\bl d\bdi\big\bgi\bit\bt g\bgr\bra\bap\bph\bh l\blo\bow\bwe\ber\br p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\bt
+ a\bal\bln\bnu\bum\bm a\bal\blp\bph\bha\ba a\bas\bsc\bci\bii\bi b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bk c\bcn\bnt\btr\brl\bl d\bdi\big\bgi\bit\bt g\bgr\bra\bap\bph\bh l\blo\bow\bwe\ber\br p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\bt
p\bpu\bun\bnc\bct\bt s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be u\bup\bpp\bpe\ber\br w\bwo\bor\brd\bd x\bxd\bdi\big\bgi\bit\bt
A character class matches any character belonging to that
class. The w\bwo\bor\brd\bd character class matches letters, digits,
and the character _.
Within [\b[ and ]\b], an _\be_\bq_\bu_\bi_\bv_\ba_\bl_\be_\bn_\bc_\be _\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs can be specified us-
- ing the syntax [\b[=\b=_\bc=\b=]\b], which matches all characters with
- the same collation weight (as defined by the current lo-
+ ing the syntax [\b[=\b=_\bc=\b=]\b], which matches all characters with
+ the same collation weight (as defined by the current lo-
cale) as the character _\bc.
Within [\b[ and ]\b], the syntax [\b[.\b._\bs_\by_\bm_\bb_\bo_\bl.\b.]\b] matches the collat-
ing symbol _\bs_\by_\bm_\bb_\bo_\bl.
- If the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option is enabled using the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin, the
- shell recognizes several extended pattern matching operators. In the
+ If the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option is enabled using the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin, the
+ shell recognizes several extended pattern matching operators. In the
following description, a _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\b-_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is a list of one or more patterns
- separated by a |\b|. Composite patterns may be formed using one or more
+ separated by a |\b|. Composite patterns may be formed using one or more
of the following sub-patterns:
?\b?(\b(_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn_\b-_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt)\b)
Matches anything except one of the given patterns
When matching filenames, the d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option determines the set of
- filenames that are tested: when d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb is enabled, the set of file-
- names includes all files beginning with ``.'', but ``.'' and ``..''
- must be matched by a pattern or sub-pattern that begins with a dot;
- when it is disabled, the set does not include any filenames beginning
- with ``.'' unless the pattern or sub-pattern begins with a ``.''. As
+ filenames that are tested: when d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb is enabled, the set of file-
+ names includes all files beginning with ``.'', but ``.'' and ``..''
+ must be matched by a pattern or sub-pattern that begins with a dot;
+ when it is disabled, the set does not include any filenames beginning
+ with ``.'' unless the pattern or sub-pattern begins with a ``.''. As
above, ``.'' only has a special meaning when matching filenames.
Complicated extended pattern matching against long strings is slow, es-
pecially when the patterns contain alternations and the strings contain
- multiple matches. Using separate matches against shorter strings, or
+ multiple matches. Using separate matches against shorter strings, or
using arrays of strings instead of a single long string, may be faster.
Q\bQu\buo\bot\bte\be R\bRe\bem\bmo\bov\bva\bal\bl
After the preceding expansions, all unquoted occurrences of the charac-
- ters \\b\, '\b', and "\b" that did not result from one of the above expansions
+ ters \\b\, '\b', and "\b" that did not result from one of the above expansions
are removed.
R\bRE\bED\bDI\bIR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN
- Before a command is executed, its input and output may be _\br_\be_\bd_\bi_\br_\be_\bc_\bt_\be_\bd
- using a special notation interpreted by the shell. _\bR_\be_\bd_\bi_\br_\be_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn allows
- commands' file handles to be duplicated, opened, closed, made to refer
+ Before a command is executed, its input and output may be _\br_\be_\bd_\bi_\br_\be_\bc_\bt_\be_\bd
+ using a special notation interpreted by the shell. _\bR_\be_\bd_\bi_\br_\be_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn allows
+ commands' file handles to be duplicated, opened, closed, made to refer
to different files, and can change the files the command reads from and
- writes to. Redirection may also be used to modify file handles in the
- current shell execution environment. The following redirection opera-
+ writes to. Redirection may also be used to modify file handles in the
+ current shell execution environment. The following redirection opera-
tors may precede or appear anywhere within a _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or may fol-
- low a _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. Redirections are processed in the order they appear,
+ low a _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. Redirections are processed in the order they appear,
from left to right.
- Each redirection that may be preceded by a file descriptor number may
+ Each redirection that may be preceded by a file descriptor number may
instead be preceded by a word of the form {_\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be}. In this case, for
each redirection operator except >&- and <&-, the shell will allocate a
- file descriptor greater than or equal to 10 and assign it to _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- If >&- or <&- is preceded by {_\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be}, the value of _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be defines
- the file descriptor to close. If {_\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be} is supplied, the redirect-
- ion persists beyond the scope of the command, allowing the shell pro-
+ file descriptor greater than or equal to 10 and assign it to _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
+ If >&- or <&- is preceded by {_\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be}, the value of _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be defines
+ the file descriptor to close. If {_\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be} is supplied, the redirect-
+ ion persists beyond the scope of the command, allowing the shell pro-
grammer to manage the file descriptor's lifetime manually. The
v\bva\bar\brr\bre\bed\bdi\bir\br_\b_c\bcl\blo\bos\bse\be shell option manages this behavior.
- In the following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is omit-
- ted, and the first character of the redirection operator is <\b<, the re-
- direction refers to the standard input (file descriptor 0). If the
- first character of the redirection operator is >\b>, the redirection
+ In the following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is omit-
+ ted, and the first character of the redirection operator is <\b<, the re-
+ direction refers to the standard input (file descriptor 0). If the
+ first character of the redirection operator is >\b>, the redirection
refers to the standard output (file descriptor 1).
- The word following the redirection operator in the following descrip-
- tions, unless otherwise noted, is subjected to brace expansion, tilde
- expansion, parameter and variable expansion, command substitution,
- arithmetic expansion, quote removal, pathname expansion, and word
+ The word following the redirection operator in the following descrip-
+ tions, unless otherwise noted, is subjected to brace expansion, tilde
+ expansion, parameter and variable expansion, command substitution,
+ arithmetic expansion, quote removal, pathname expansion, and word
splitting. If it expands to more than one word, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports an error.
- Note that the order of redirections is significant. For example, the
+ Note that the order of redirections is significant. For example, the
command
ls >\b> dirlist 2>\b>&\b&1
- directs both standard output and standard error to the file _\bd_\bi_\br_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt,
+ directs both standard output and standard error to the file _\bd_\bi_\br_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt,
while the command
ls 2>\b>&\b&1 >\b> dirlist
- directs only the standard output to file _\bd_\bi_\br_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt, because the standard
- error was duplicated from the standard output before the standard out-
+ directs only the standard output to file _\bd_\bi_\br_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt, because the standard
+ error was duplicated from the standard output before the standard out-
put was redirected to _\bd_\bi_\br_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt.
B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh handles several filenames specially when they are used in redirec-
tions, as described in the following table. If the operating system on
which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is running provides these special files, bash will use them;
- otherwise it will emulate them internally with the behavior described
+ otherwise it will emulate them internally with the behavior described
below.
/\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/f\bfd\bd/\b/_\bf_\bd
- If _\bf_\bd is a valid integer, file descriptor _\bf_\bd is dupli-
+ If _\bf_\bd is a valid integer, file descriptor _\bf_\bd is dupli-
cated.
/\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/s\bst\btd\bdi\bin\bn
File descriptor 0 is duplicated.
File descriptor 2 is duplicated.
/\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/t\btc\bcp\bp/\b/_\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt/\b/_\bp_\bo_\br_\bt
If _\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt is a valid hostname or Internet address, and _\bp_\bo_\br_\bt
- is an integer port number or service name, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts
+ is an integer port number or service name, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts
to open the corresponding TCP socket.
/\b/d\bde\bev\bv/\b/u\bud\bdp\bp/\b/_\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt/\b/_\bp_\bo_\br_\bt
If _\bh_\bo_\bs_\bt is a valid hostname or Internet address, and _\bp_\bo_\br_\bt
- is an integer port number or service name, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts
+ is an integer port number or service name, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts
to open the corresponding UDP socket.
A failure to open or create a file causes the redirection to fail.
- Redirections using file descriptors greater than 9 should be used with
- care, as they may conflict with file descriptors the shell uses inter-
+ Redirections using file descriptors greater than 9 should be used with
+ care, as they may conflict with file descriptors the shell uses inter-
nally.
R\bRe\bed\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bti\bin\bng\bg I\bIn\bnp\bpu\but\bt
Redirection of input causes the file whose name results from the expan-
- sion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd to be opened for reading on file descriptor _\bn, or the
+ sion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd to be opened for reading on file descriptor _\bn, or the
standard input (file descriptor 0) if _\bn is not specified.
The general format for redirecting input is:
[_\bn]<\b<_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd
R\bRe\bed\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bti\bin\bng\bg O\bOu\but\btp\bpu\but\bt
- Redirection of output causes the file whose name results from the ex-
- pansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd to be opened for writing on file descriptor _\bn, or the
+ Redirection of output causes the file whose name results from the ex-
+ pansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd to be opened for writing on file descriptor _\bn, or the
standard output (file descriptor 1) if _\bn is not specified. If the file
- does not exist it is created; if it does exist it is truncated to zero
+ does not exist it is created; if it does exist it is truncated to zero
size.
The general format for redirecting output is:
[_\bn]>\b>_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd
- If the redirection operator is >\b>, and the n\bno\boc\bcl\blo\bob\bbb\bbe\ber\br option to the s\bse\bet\bt
- builtin has been enabled, the redirection will fail if the file whose
- name results from the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd exists and is a regular file.
+ If the redirection operator is >\b>, and the n\bno\boc\bcl\blo\bob\bbb\bbe\ber\br option to the s\bse\bet\bt
+ builtin has been enabled, the redirection will fail if the file whose
+ name results from the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd exists and is a regular file.
If the redirection operator is >\b>|\b|, or the redirection operator is >\b> and
the n\bno\boc\bcl\blo\bob\bbb\bbe\ber\br option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command is not enabled, the re-
direction is attempted even if the file named by _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd exists.
A\bAp\bpp\bpe\ben\bnd\bdi\bin\bng\bg R\bRe\bed\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bte\bed\bd O\bOu\but\btp\bpu\but\bt
- Redirection of output in this fashion causes the file whose name re-
+ Redirection of output in this fashion causes the file whose name re-
sults from the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd to be opened for appending on file de-
- scriptor _\bn, or the standard output (file descriptor 1) if _\bn is not
+ scriptor _\bn, or the standard output (file descriptor 1) if _\bn is not
specified. If the file does not exist it is created.
The general format for appending output is:
[_\bn]>\b>>\b>_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd
R\bRe\bed\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bti\bin\bng\bg S\bSt\bta\ban\bnd\bda\bar\brd\bd O\bOu\but\btp\bpu\but\bt a\ban\bnd\bd S\bSt\bta\ban\bnd\bda\bar\brd\bd E\bEr\brr\bro\bor\br
- This construct allows both the standard output (file descriptor 1) and
- the standard error output (file descriptor 2) to be redirected to the
+ This construct allows both the standard output (file descriptor 1) and
+ the standard error output (file descriptor 2) to be redirected to the
file whose name is the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd.
- There are two formats for redirecting standard output and standard er-
+ There are two formats for redirecting standard output and standard er-
ror:
&\b&>\b>_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd
>\b>_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd 2>\b>&\b&1
- When using the second form, _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd may not expand to a number or -\b-. If
- it does, other redirection operators apply (see D\bDu\bup\bpl\bli\bic\bca\bat\bti\bin\bng\bg F\bFi\bil\ble\be D\bDe\be-\b-
+ When using the second form, _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd may not expand to a number or -\b-. If
+ it does, other redirection operators apply (see D\bDu\bup\bpl\bli\bic\bca\bat\bti\bin\bng\bg F\bFi\bil\ble\be D\bDe\be-\b-
s\bsc\bcr\bri\bip\bpt\bto\bor\brs\bs below) for compatibility reasons.
A\bAp\bpp\bpe\ben\bnd\bdi\bin\bng\bg S\bSt\bta\ban\bnd\bda\bar\brd\bd O\bOu\but\btp\bpu\but\bt a\ban\bnd\bd S\bSt\bta\ban\bnd\bda\bar\brd\bd E\bEr\brr\bro\bor\br
- This construct allows both the standard output (file descriptor 1) and
- the standard error output (file descriptor 2) to be appended to the
+ This construct allows both the standard output (file descriptor 1) and
+ the standard error output (file descriptor 2) to be appended to the
file whose name is the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd.
The format for appending standard output and standard error is:
(see D\bDu\bup\bpl\bli\bic\bca\bat\bti\bin\bng\bg F\bFi\bil\ble\be D\bDe\bes\bsc\bcr\bri\bip\bpt\bto\bor\brs\bs below).
H\bHe\ber\bre\be D\bDo\boc\bcu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs
- This type of redirection instructs the shell to read input from the
+ This type of redirection instructs the shell to read input from the
current source until a line containing only _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt_\be_\br (with no trailing
- blanks) is seen. All of the lines read up to that point are then used
- as the standard input (or file descriptor _\bn if _\bn is specified) for a
+ blanks) is seen. All of the lines read up to that point are then used
+ as the standard input (or file descriptor _\bn if _\bn is specified) for a
command.
The format of here-documents is:
_\bh_\be_\br_\be_\b-_\bd_\bo_\bc_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt
_\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt_\be_\br
- No parameter and variable expansion, command substitution, arithmetic
- expansion, or pathname expansion is performed on _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. If any part of
- _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is quoted, the _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt_\be_\br is the result of quote removal on _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd,
- and the lines in the here-document are not expanded. If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is un-
- quoted, all lines of the here-document are subjected to parameter ex-
- pansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion, the character
+ No parameter and variable expansion, command substitution, arithmetic
+ expansion, or pathname expansion is performed on _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. If any part of
+ _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is quoted, the _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt_\be_\br is the result of quote removal on _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd,
+ and the lines in the here-document are not expanded. If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is un-
+ quoted, all lines of the here-document are subjected to parameter ex-
+ pansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion, the character
sequence \\b\<\b<n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be>\b> is ignored, and \\b\ must be used to quote the charac-
ters \\b\, $\b$, and `\b`.
If the redirection operator is <\b<<\b<-\b-, then all leading tab characters are
- stripped from input lines and the line containing _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt_\be_\br. This al-
- lows here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a natural
+ stripped from input lines and the line containing _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt_\be_\br. This al-
+ lows here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a natural
fashion.
H\bHe\ber\bre\be S\bSt\btr\bri\bin\bng\bgs\bs
[_\bn]<\b<<\b<<\b<_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd
- The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd undergoes tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion,
- command substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal. Path-
- name expansion and word splitting are not performed. The result is
+ The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd undergoes tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion,
+ command substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal. Path-
+ name expansion and word splitting are not performed. The result is
supplied as a single string, with a newline appended, to the command on
its standard input (or file descriptor _\bn if _\bn is specified).
[_\bn]<\b<&\b&_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd
is used to duplicate input file descriptors. If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd expands to one or
- more digits, the file descriptor denoted by _\bn is made to be a copy of
- that file descriptor. If the digits in _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd do not specify a file de-
+ more digits, the file descriptor denoted by _\bn is made to be a copy of
+ that file descriptor. If the digits in _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd do not specify a file de-
scriptor open for input, a redirection error occurs. If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd evaluates
to -\b-, file descriptor _\bn is closed. If _\bn is not specified, the standard
input (file descriptor 0) is used.
[_\bn]>\b>&\b&_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd
- is used similarly to duplicate output file descriptors. If _\bn is not
- specified, the standard output (file descriptor 1) is used. If the
- digits in _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd do not specify a file descriptor open for output, a re-
- direction error occurs. If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd evaluates to -\b-, file descriptor _\bn is
- closed. As a special case, if _\bn is omitted, and _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd does not expand
- to one or more digits or -\b-, the standard output and standard error are
+ is used similarly to duplicate output file descriptors. If _\bn is not
+ specified, the standard output (file descriptor 1) is used. If the
+ digits in _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd do not specify a file descriptor open for output, a re-
+ direction error occurs. If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd evaluates to -\b-, file descriptor _\bn is
+ closed. As a special case, if _\bn is omitted, and _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd does not expand
+ to one or more digits or -\b-, the standard output and standard error are
redirected as described previously.
M\bMo\bov\bvi\bin\bng\bg F\bFi\bil\ble\be D\bDe\bes\bsc\bcr\bri\bip\bpt\bto\bor\brs\bs
[_\bn]<\b<&\b&_\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt-\b-
- moves the file descriptor _\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt to file descriptor _\bn, or the standard
+ moves the file descriptor _\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt to file descriptor _\bn, or the standard
input (file descriptor 0) if _\bn is not specified. _\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt is closed after
being duplicated to _\bn.
[_\bn]>\b>&\b&_\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt-\b-
- moves the file descriptor _\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt to file descriptor _\bn, or the standard
+ moves the file descriptor _\bd_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bt to file descriptor _\bn, or the standard
output (file descriptor 1) if _\bn is not specified.
O\bOp\bpe\ben\bni\bin\bng\bg F\bFi\bil\ble\be D\bDe\bes\bsc\bcr\bri\bip\bpt\bto\bor\brs\bs f\bfo\bor\br R\bRe\bea\bad\bdi\bin\bng\bg a\ban\bnd\bd W\bWr\bri\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg
[_\bn]<\b<>\b>_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd
- causes the file whose name is the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd to be opened for
- both reading and writing on file descriptor _\bn, or on file descriptor 0
+ causes the file whose name is the expansion of _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd to be opened for
+ both reading and writing on file descriptor _\bn, or on file descriptor 0
if _\bn is not specified. If the file does not exist, it is created.
A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS
- _\bA_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs_\be_\bs allow a string to be substituted for a word when it is used as
- the first word of a simple command. The shell maintains a list of
- aliases that may be set and unset with the a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs and u\bun\bna\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs builtin
- commands (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). The first word of each
- simple command, if unquoted, is checked to see if it has an alias. If
- so, that word is replaced by the text of the alias. The characters /\b/,
- $\b$, `\b`, and =\b= and any of the shell _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br_\bs or quoting characters
+ _\bA_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs_\be_\bs allow a string to be substituted for a word when it is used as
+ the first word of a simple command. The shell maintains a list of
+ aliases that may be set and unset with the a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs and u\bun\bna\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs builtin
+ commands (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). The first word of each
+ simple command, if unquoted, is checked to see if it has an alias. If
+ so, that word is replaced by the text of the alias. The characters /\b/,
+ $\b$, `\b`, and =\b= and any of the shell _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\be_\br_\bs or quoting characters
listed above may not appear in an alias name. The replacement text may
- contain any valid shell input, including shell metacharacters. The
- first word of the replacement text is tested for aliases, but a word
- that is identical to an alias being expanded is not expanded a second
- time. This means that one may alias l\bls\bs to l\bls\bs -\b-F\bF, for instance, and
- b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not try to recursively expand the replacement text. If the
- last character of the alias value is a _\bb_\bl_\ba_\bn_\bk, then the next command
+ contain any valid shell input, including shell metacharacters. The
+ first word of the replacement text is tested for aliases, but a word
+ that is identical to an alias being expanded is not expanded a second
+ time. This means that one may alias l\bls\bs to l\bls\bs -\b-F\bF, for instance, and
+ b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not try to recursively expand the replacement text. If the
+ last character of the alias value is a _\bb_\bl_\ba_\bn_\bk, then the next command
word following the alias is also checked for alias expansion.
Aliases are created and listed with the a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs command, and removed with
the u\bun\bna\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs command.
- There is no mechanism for using arguments in the replacement text. If
+ There is no mechanism for using arguments in the replacement text. If
arguments are needed, use a shell function (see F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS below).
- Aliases are not expanded when the shell is not interactive, unless the
- e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd_\b_a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bse\bes\bs shell option is set using s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt (see the description of
+ Aliases are not expanded when the shell is not interactive, unless the
+ e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd_\b_a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bse\bes\bs shell option is set using s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt (see the description of
s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
- The rules concerning the definition and use of aliases are somewhat
- confusing. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh always reads at least one complete line of input, and
- all lines that make up a compound command, before executing any of the
- commands on that line or the compound command. Aliases are expanded
- when a command is read, not when it is executed. Therefore, an alias
- definition appearing on the same line as another command does not take
- effect until the next line of input is read. The commands following
- the alias definition on that line are not affected by the new alias.
- This behavior is also an issue when functions are executed. Aliases
- are expanded when a function definition is read, not when the function
- is executed, because a function definition is itself a command. As a
- consequence, aliases defined in a function are not available until af-
- ter that function is executed. To be safe, always put alias defini-
+ The rules concerning the definition and use of aliases are somewhat
+ confusing. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh always reads at least one complete line of input, and
+ all lines that make up a compound command, before executing any of the
+ commands on that line or the compound command. Aliases are expanded
+ when a command is read, not when it is executed. Therefore, an alias
+ definition appearing on the same line as another command does not take
+ effect until the next line of input is read. The commands following
+ the alias definition on that line are not affected by the new alias.
+ This behavior is also an issue when functions are executed. Aliases
+ are expanded when a function definition is read, not when the function
+ is executed, because a function definition is itself a command. As a
+ consequence, aliases defined in a function are not available until af-
+ ter that function is executed. To be safe, always put alias defini-
tions on a separate line, and do not use a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs in compound commands.
For almost every purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.
F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS
- A shell function, defined as described above under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR,
- stores a series of commands for later execution. When the name of a
- shell function is used as a simple command name, the list of commands
+ A shell function, defined as described above under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR,
+ stores a series of commands for later execution. When the name of a
+ shell function is used as a simple command name, the list of commands
associated with that function name is executed. Functions are executed
- in the context of the current shell; no new process is created to in-
- terpret them (contrast this with the execution of a shell script).
- When a function is executed, the arguments to the function become the
+ in the context of the current shell; no new process is created to in-
+ terpret them (contrast this with the execution of a shell script).
+ When a function is executed, the arguments to the function become the
positional parameters during its execution. The special parameter #\b# is
- updated to reflect the change. Special parameter 0\b0 is unchanged. The
- first element of the F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE variable is set to the name of the func-
+ updated to reflect the change. Special parameter 0\b0 is unchanged. The
+ first element of the F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNA\bAM\bME\bE variable is set to the name of the func-
tion while the function is executing.
- All other aspects of the shell execution environment are identical be-
- tween a function and its caller with these exceptions: the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and
- R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps (see the description of the t\btr\bra\bap\bp builtin under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
- B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) are not inherited unless the function has been
- given the t\btr\bra\bac\bce\be attribute (see the description of the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin
- below) or the -\b-o\bo f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\btr\bra\bac\bce\be shell option has been enabled with the s\bse\bet\bt
- builtin (in which case all functions inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN
- traps), and the E\bER\bRR\bR trap is not inherited unless the -\b-o\bo e\ber\brr\brt\btr\bra\bac\bce\be shell
+ All other aspects of the shell execution environment are identical be-
+ tween a function and its caller with these exceptions: the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and
+ R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps (see the description of the t\btr\bra\bap\bp builtin under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
+ B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) are not inherited unless the function has been
+ given the t\btr\bra\bac\bce\be attribute (see the description of the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin
+ below) or the -\b-o\bo f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\btr\bra\bac\bce\be shell option has been enabled with the s\bse\bet\bt
+ builtin (in which case all functions inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN
+ traps), and the E\bER\bRR\bR trap is not inherited unless the -\b-o\bo e\ber\brr\brt\btr\bra\bac\bce\be shell
option has been enabled.
- Variables local to the function may be declared with the l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl builtin
- command (_\bl_\bo_\bc_\ba_\bl _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be_\bs). Ordinarily, variables and their values are
- shared between the function and its caller. If a variable is declared
- l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl, the variable's visible scope is restricted to that function and
+ Variables local to the function may be declared with the l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl builtin
+ command (_\bl_\bo_\bc_\ba_\bl _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be_\bs). Ordinarily, variables and their values are
+ shared between the function and its caller. If a variable is declared
+ l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl, the variable's visible scope is restricted to that function and
its children (including the functions it calls).
In the following description, the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bs_\bc_\bo_\bp_\be is a currently- execut-
ing function. Previous scopes consist of that function's caller and so
- on, back to the "global" scope, where the shell is not executing any
+ on, back to the "global" scope, where the shell is not executing any
shell function. Consequently, a local variable at the current scope is
a variable declared using the l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl or d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtins in the function
that is currently executing.
- Local variables "shadow" variables with the same name declared at pre-
- vious scopes. For instance, a local variable declared in a function
- hides a global variable of the same name: references and assignments
- refer to the local variable, leaving the global variable unmodified.
+ Local variables "shadow" variables with the same name declared at pre-
+ vious scopes. For instance, a local variable declared in a function
+ hides a global variable of the same name: references and assignments
+ refer to the local variable, leaving the global variable unmodified.
When the function returns, the global variable is once again visible.
- The shell uses _\bd_\by_\bn_\ba_\bm_\bi_\bc _\bs_\bc_\bo_\bp_\bi_\bn_\bg to control a variable's visibility
- within functions. With dynamic scoping, visible variables and their
- values are a result of the sequence of function calls that caused exe-
- cution to reach the current function. The value of a variable that a
- function sees depends on its value within its caller, if any, whether
- that caller is the "global" scope or another shell function. This is
- also the value that a local variable declaration "shadows", and the
+ The shell uses _\bd_\by_\bn_\ba_\bm_\bi_\bc _\bs_\bc_\bo_\bp_\bi_\bn_\bg to control a variable's visibility
+ within functions. With dynamic scoping, visible variables and their
+ values are a result of the sequence of function calls that caused exe-
+ cution to reach the current function. The value of a variable that a
+ function sees depends on its value within its caller, if any, whether
+ that caller is the "global" scope or another shell function. This is
+ also the value that a local variable declaration "shadows", and the
value that is restored when the function returns.
- For example, if a variable _\bv_\ba_\br is declared as local in function _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\b1,
- and _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\b1 calls another function _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\b2, references to _\bv_\ba_\br made from
+ For example, if a variable _\bv_\ba_\br is declared as local in function _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\b1,
+ and _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\b1 calls another function _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\b2, references to _\bv_\ba_\br made from
within _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\b2 will resolve to the local variable _\bv_\ba_\br from _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\b1, shadow-
ing any global variable named _\bv_\ba_\br.
The u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt builtin also acts using the same dynamic scope: if a variable
is local to the current scope, u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt will unset it; otherwise the unset
- will refer to the variable found in any calling scope as described
- above. If a variable at the current local scope is unset, it will re-
- main so (appearing as unset) until it is reset in that scope or until
- the function returns. Once the function returns, any instance of the
+ will refer to the variable found in any calling scope as described
+ above. If a variable at the current local scope is unset, it will re-
+ main so (appearing as unset) until it is reset in that scope or until
+ the function returns. Once the function returns, any instance of the
variable at a previous scope will become visible. If the unset acts on
- a variable at a previous scope, any instance of a variable with that
- name that had been shadowed will become visible (see below how the l\blo\bo-\b-
+ a variable at a previous scope, any instance of a variable with that
+ name that had been shadowed will become visible (see below how the l\blo\bo-\b-
c\bca\bal\blv\bva\bar\br_\b_u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt shell option changes this behavior).
- The F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNE\bES\bST\bT variable, if set to a numeric value greater than 0, de-
- fines a maximum function nesting level. Function invocations that ex-
+ The F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNE\bES\bST\bT variable, if set to a numeric value greater than 0, de-
+ fines a maximum function nesting level. Function invocations that ex-
ceed the limit cause the entire command to abort.
- If the builtin command r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is executed in a function, the function
- completes and execution resumes with the next command after the func-
+ If the builtin command r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is executed in a function, the function
+ completes and execution resumes with the next command after the func-
tion call. Any command associated with the R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN trap is executed be-
- fore execution resumes. When a function completes, the values of the
- positional parameters and the special parameter #\b# are restored to the
+ fore execution resumes. When a function completes, the values of the
+ positional parameters and the special parameter #\b# are restored to the
values they had prior to the function's execution.
- Function names and definitions may be listed with the -\b-f\bf option to the
+ Function names and definitions may be listed with the -\b-f\bf option to the
d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be or t\bty\byp\bpe\bes\bse\bet\bt builtin commands. The -\b-F\bF option to d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be or t\bty\byp\bpe\be-\b-
- s\bse\bet\bt will list the function names only (and optionally the source file
- and line number, if the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg shell option is enabled). Functions
- may be exported so that child shell processes (those created when exe-
- cuting a separate shell invocation) automatically have them defined
+ s\bse\bet\bt will list the function names only (and optionally the source file
+ and line number, if the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg shell option is enabled). Functions
+ may be exported so that child shell processes (those created when exe-
+ cuting a separate shell invocation) automatically have them defined
with the -\b-f\bf option to the e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt builtin. A function definition may be
deleted using the -\b-f\bf option to the u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt builtin.
Functions may be recursive. The F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCN\bNE\bES\bST\bT variable may be used to limit
- the depth of the function call stack and restrict the number of func-
+ the depth of the function call stack and restrict the number of func-
tion invocations. By default, no limit is imposed on the number of re-
cursive calls.
A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN
- The shell allows arithmetic expressions to be evaluated, under certain
- circumstances (see the l\ble\bet\bt and d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin commands, the (\b((\b( com-
+ The shell allows arithmetic expressions to be evaluated, under certain
+ circumstances (see the l\ble\bet\bt and d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin commands, the (\b((\b( com-
pound command, and A\bAr\bri\bit\bth\bhm\bme\bet\bti\bic\bc E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn). Evaluation is done in fixed-
- width integers with no check for overflow, though division by 0 is
- trapped and flagged as an error. The operators and their precedence,
- associativity, and values are the same as in the C language. The fol-
+ width integers with no check for overflow, though division by 0 is
+ trapped and flagged as an error. The operators and their precedence,
+ associativity, and values are the same as in the C language. The fol-
lowing list of operators is grouped into levels of equal-precedence op-
erators. The levels are listed in order of decreasing precedence.
_\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 ,\b, _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2
comma
- Shell variables are allowed as operands; parameter expansion is per-
+ Shell variables are allowed as operands; parameter expansion is per-
formed before the expression is evaluated. Within an expression, shell
- variables may also be referenced by name without using the parameter
- expansion syntax. A shell variable that is null or unset evaluates to
+ variables may also be referenced by name without using the parameter
+ expansion syntax. A shell variable that is null or unset evaluates to
0 when referenced by name without using the parameter expansion syntax.
- The value of a variable is evaluated as an arithmetic expression when
- it is referenced, or when a variable which has been given the _\bi_\bn_\bt_\be_\bg_\be_\br
+ The value of a variable is evaluated as an arithmetic expression when
+ it is referenced, or when a variable which has been given the _\bi_\bn_\bt_\be_\bg_\be_\br
attribute using d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be -\b-i\bi is assigned a value. A null value evaluates
- to 0. A shell variable need not have its _\bi_\bn_\bt_\be_\bg_\be_\br attribute turned on
+ to 0. A shell variable need not have its _\bi_\bn_\bt_\be_\bg_\be_\br attribute turned on
to be used in an expression.
Integer constants follow the C language definition, without suffixes or
character constants. Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as oc-
- tal numbers. A leading 0x or 0X denotes hexadecimal. Otherwise, num-
- bers take the form [_\bb_\ba_\bs_\be_\b#]n, where the optional _\bb_\ba_\bs_\be is a decimal num-
- ber between 2 and 64 representing the arithmetic base, and _\bn is a num-
- ber in that base. If _\bb_\ba_\bs_\be_\b# is omitted, then base 10 is used. When
+ tal numbers. A leading 0x or 0X denotes hexadecimal. Otherwise, num-
+ bers take the form [_\bb_\ba_\bs_\be_\b#]n, where the optional _\bb_\ba_\bs_\be is a decimal num-
+ ber between 2 and 64 representing the arithmetic base, and _\bn is a num-
+ ber in that base. If _\bb_\ba_\bs_\be_\b# is omitted, then base 10 is used. When
specifying _\bn, if a non-digit is required, the digits greater than 9 are
- represented by the lowercase letters, the uppercase letters, @, and _,
- in that order. If _\bb_\ba_\bs_\be is less than or equal to 36, lowercase and up-
- percase letters may be used interchangeably to represent numbers be-
+ represented by the lowercase letters, the uppercase letters, @, and _,
+ in that order. If _\bb_\ba_\bs_\be is less than or equal to 36, lowercase and up-
+ percase letters may be used interchangeably to represent numbers be-
tween 10 and 35.
- Operators are evaluated in order of precedence. Sub-expressions in
- parentheses are evaluated first and may override the precedence rules
+ Operators are evaluated in order of precedence. Sub-expressions in
+ parentheses are evaluated first and may override the precedence rules
above.
C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS
- Conditional expressions are used by the [\b[[\b[ compound command and the
- t\bte\bes\bst\bt and [\b[ builtin commands to test file attributes and perform string
- and arithmetic comparisons. The t\bte\bes\bst\bt and [\b[ commands determine their
- behavior based on the number of arguments; see the descriptions of
+ Conditional expressions are used by the [\b[[\b[ compound command and the
+ t\bte\bes\bst\bt and [\b[ builtin commands to test file attributes and perform string
+ and arithmetic comparisons. The t\bte\bes\bst\bt and [\b[ commands determine their
+ behavior based on the number of arguments; see the descriptions of
those commands for any other command-specific actions.
- Expressions are formed from the following unary or binary primaries.
- B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh handles several filenames specially when they are used in expres-
+ Expressions are formed from the following unary or binary primaries.
+ B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh handles several filenames specially when they are used in expres-
sions. If the operating system on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is running provides these
- special files, bash will use them; otherwise it will emulate them in-
- ternally with this behavior: If any _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be argument to one of the pri-
+ special files, bash will use them; otherwise it will emulate them in-
+ ternally with this behavior: If any _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be argument to one of the pri-
maries is of the form _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bf_\bd_\b/_\bn, then file descriptor _\bn is checked. If
- the _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be argument to one of the primaries is one of _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bs_\bt_\bd_\bi_\bn,
- _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bs_\bt_\bd_\bo_\bu_\bt, or _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bs_\bt_\bd_\be_\br_\br, file descriptor 0, 1, or 2, respectively,
+ the _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be argument to one of the primaries is one of _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bs_\bt_\bd_\bi_\bn,
+ _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bs_\bt_\bd_\bo_\bu_\bt, or _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bs_\bt_\bd_\be_\br_\br, file descriptor 0, 1, or 2, respectively,
is checked.
Unless otherwise specified, primaries that operate on files follow sym-
bolic links and operate on the target of the link, rather than the link
itself.
- When used with [\b[[\b[, the <\b< and >\b> operators sort lexicographically using
+ When used with [\b[[\b[, the <\b< and >\b> operators sort lexicographically using
the current locale. The t\bte\bes\bst\bt command sorts using ASCII ordering.
-\b-a\ba _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be
-\b-L\bL _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be
True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and is a symbolic link.
-\b-N\bN _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be
- True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and has been modified since it was last
+ True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and has been modified since it was last
read.
-\b-O\bO _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be
True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and is owned by the effective user id.
-\b-S\bS _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be
True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be exists and is a socket.
_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 -\b-e\bef\bf _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2
- True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2 refer to the same device and inode num-
+ True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2 refer to the same device and inode num-
bers.
_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 -n\bnt\bt _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2
- True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 is newer (according to modification date) than
+ True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 is newer (according to modification date) than
_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2, or if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 exists and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2 does not.
_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 -o\bot\bt _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2
- True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 is older than _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2, or if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2 exists and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1
+ True if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1 is older than _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2, or if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b2 exists and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b1
does not.
-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
- True if the shell option _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is enabled. See the list of
- options under the description of the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt
+ True if the shell option _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is enabled. See the list of
+ options under the description of the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt
builtin below.
-\b-v\bv _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
- True if the shell variable _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set (has been assigned a
+ True if the shell variable _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set (has been assigned a
value).
-\b-R\bR _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
- True if the shell variable _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set and is a name refer-
+ True if the shell variable _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set and is a name refer-
ence.
-\b-z\bz _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg
True if the length of _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is zero.
_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1 =\b==\b= _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2
_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1 =\b= _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2
- True if the strings are equal. =\b= should be used with the t\bte\bes\bst\bt
- command for POSIX conformance. When used with the [\b[[\b[ command,
+ True if the strings are equal. =\b= should be used with the t\bte\bes\bst\bt
+ command for POSIX conformance. When used with the [\b[[\b[ command,
this performs pattern matching as described above (C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpo\bou\bun\bnd\bd C\bCo\bom\bm-\b-
m\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs).
True if _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1 sorts after _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2 lexicographically.
_\ba_\br_\bg_\b1 O\bOP\bP _\ba_\br_\bg_\b2
- O\bOP\bP is one of -\b-e\beq\bq, -\b-n\bne\be, -\b-l\blt\bt, -\b-l\ble\be, -\b-g\bgt\bt, or -\b-g\bge\be. These arithmetic
- binary operators return true if _\ba_\br_\bg_\b1 is equal to, not equal to,
- less than, less than or equal to, greater than, or greater than
- or equal to _\ba_\br_\bg_\b2, respectively. _\bA_\br_\bg_\b1 and _\ba_\br_\bg_\b2 may be positive
- or negative integers. When used with the [\b[[\b[ command, _\bA_\br_\bg_\b1 and
- _\bA_\br_\bg_\b2 are evaluated as arithmetic expressions (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC
+ O\bOP\bP is one of -\b-e\beq\bq, -\b-n\bne\be, -\b-l\blt\bt, -\b-l\ble\be, -\b-g\bgt\bt, or -\b-g\bge\be. These arithmetic
+ binary operators return true if _\ba_\br_\bg_\b1 is equal to, not equal to,
+ less than, less than or equal to, greater than, or greater than
+ or equal to _\ba_\br_\bg_\b2, respectively. _\bA_\br_\bg_\b1 and _\ba_\br_\bg_\b2 may be positive
+ or negative integers. When used with the [\b[[\b[ command, _\bA_\br_\bg_\b1 and
+ _\bA_\br_\bg_\b2 are evaluated as arithmetic expressions (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC
E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above).
S\bSI\bIM\bMP\bPL\bLE\bE C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN
When a simple command is executed, the shell performs the following ex-
- pansions, assignments, and redirections, from left to right, in the
+ pansions, assignments, and redirections, from left to right, in the
following order.
- 1. The words that the parser has marked as variable assignments
- (those preceding the command name) and redirections are saved
+ 1. The words that the parser has marked as variable assignments
+ (those preceding the command name) and redirections are saved
for later processing.
- 2. The words that are not variable assignments or redirections are
- expanded. If any words remain after expansion, the first word
- is taken to be the name of the command and the remaining words
+ 2. The words that are not variable assignments or redirections are
+ expanded. If any words remain after expansion, the first word
+ is taken to be the name of the command and the remaining words
are the arguments.
3. Redirections are performed as described above under R\bRE\bED\bDI\bIR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN.
4. The text after the =\b= in each variable assignment undergoes tilde
expansion, parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic
- expansion, and quote removal before being assigned to the vari-
+ expansion, and quote removal before being assigned to the vari-
able.
If no command name results, the variable assignments affect the current
- shell environment. In the case of such a command (one that consists
- only of assignment statements and redirections), assignment statements
- are performed before redirections. Otherwise, the variables are added
- to the environment of the executed command and do not affect the cur-
+ shell environment. In the case of such a command (one that consists
+ only of assignment statements and redirections), assignment statements
+ are performed before redirections. Otherwise, the variables are added
+ to the environment of the executed command and do not affect the cur-
rent shell environment. If any of the assignments attempts to assign a
- value to a readonly variable, an error occurs, and the command exits
+ value to a readonly variable, an error occurs, and the command exits
with a non-zero status.
- If no command name results, redirections are performed, but do not af-
- fect the current shell environment. A redirection error causes the
+ If no command name results, redirections are performed, but do not af-
+ fect the current shell environment. A redirection error causes the
command to exit with a non-zero status.
- If there is a command name left after expansion, execution proceeds as
- described below. Otherwise, the command exits. If one of the expan-
- sions contained a command substitution, the exit status of the command
- is the exit status of the last command substitution performed. If
+ If there is a command name left after expansion, execution proceeds as
+ described below. Otherwise, the command exits. If one of the expan-
+ sions contained a command substitution, the exit status of the command
+ is the exit status of the last command substitution performed. If
there were no command substitutions, the command exits with a status of
zero.
C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN
- After a command has been split into words, if it results in a simple
- command and an optional list of arguments, the following actions are
+ After a command has been split into words, if it results in a simple
+ command and an optional list of arguments, the following actions are
taken.
- If the command name contains no slashes, the shell attempts to locate
- it. If there exists a shell function by that name, that function is
- invoked as described above in F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS. If the name does not match a
- function, the shell searches for it in the list of shell builtins. If
+ If the command name contains no slashes, the shell attempts to locate
+ it. If there exists a shell function by that name, that function is
+ invoked as described above in F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS. If the name does not match a
+ function, the shell searches for it in the list of shell builtins. If
a match is found, that builtin is invoked.
- If the name is neither a shell function nor a builtin, and contains no
- slashes, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh searches each element of the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH for a directory con-
+ If the name is neither a shell function nor a builtin, and contains no
+ slashes, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh searches each element of the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH for a directory con-
taining an executable file by that name. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh uses a hash table to re-
- member the full pathnames of executable files (see h\bha\bas\bsh\bh under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
- B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). A full search of the directories in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is
- performed only if the command is not found in the hash table. If the
+ member the full pathnames of executable files (see h\bha\bas\bsh\bh under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
+ B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). A full search of the directories in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is
+ performed only if the command is not found in the hash table. If the
search is unsuccessful, the shell searches for a defined shell function
named c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd_\b_n\bno\bot\bt_\b_f\bfo\bou\bun\bnd\bd_\b_h\bha\ban\bnd\bdl\ble\be. If that function exists, it is invoked
- in a separate execution environment with the original command and the
- original command's arguments as its arguments, and the function's exit
- status becomes the exit status of that subshell. If that function is
+ in a separate execution environment with the original command and the
+ original command's arguments as its arguments, and the function's exit
+ status becomes the exit status of that subshell. If that function is
not defined, the shell prints an error message and returns an exit sta-
tus of 127.
- If the search is successful, or if the command name contains one or
+ If the search is successful, or if the command name contains one or
more slashes, the shell executes the named program in a separate execu-
tion environment. Argument 0 is set to the name given, and the remain-
ing arguments to the command are set to the arguments given, if any.
- If this execution fails because the file is not in executable format,
- and the file is not a directory, it is assumed to be a _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl _\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt, a
+ If this execution fails because the file is not in executable format,
+ and the file is not a directory, it is assumed to be a _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl _\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt, a
file containing shell commands, and the shell creates a new instance of
- itself to execute it. This subshell reinitializes itself, so that the
+ itself to execute it. This subshell reinitializes itself, so that the
effect is as if a new shell had been invoked to handle the script, with
- the exception that the locations of commands remembered by the parent
- (see h\bha\bas\bsh\bh below under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS) are retained by the
+ the exception that the locations of commands remembered by the parent
+ (see h\bha\bas\bsh\bh below under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS) are retained by the
child.
- If the program is a file beginning with #\b#!\b!, the remainder of the first
- line specifies an interpreter for the program. The shell executes the
+ If the program is a file beginning with #\b#!\b!, the remainder of the first
+ line specifies an interpreter for the program. The shell executes the
specified interpreter on operating systems that do not handle this exe-
cutable format themselves. The arguments to the interpreter consist of
- a single optional argument following the interpreter name on the first
- line of the program, followed by the name of the program, followed by
+ a single optional argument following the interpreter name on the first
+ line of the program, followed by the name of the program, followed by
the command arguments, if any.
C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT
- The shell has an _\be_\bx_\be_\bc_\bu_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\be_\bn_\bv_\bi_\br_\bo_\bn_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt, which consists of the follow-
+ The shell has an _\be_\bx_\be_\bc_\bu_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\be_\bn_\bv_\bi_\br_\bo_\bn_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt, which consists of the follow-
ing:
- +\bo open files inherited by the shell at invocation, as modified by
+ +\bo open files inherited by the shell at invocation, as modified by
redirections supplied to the e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin
- +\bo the current working directory as set by c\bcd\bd, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd, or p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd, or
+ +\bo the current working directory as set by c\bcd\bd, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd, or p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd, or
inherited by the shell at invocation
- +\bo the file creation mode mask as set by u\bum\bma\bas\bsk\bk or inherited from
+ +\bo the file creation mode mask as set by u\bum\bma\bas\bsk\bk or inherited from
the shell's parent
+\bo current traps set by t\btr\bra\bap\bp
+\bo shell parameters that are set by variable assignment or with s\bse\bet\bt
or inherited from the shell's parent in the environment
- +\bo shell functions defined during execution or inherited from the
+ +\bo shell functions defined during execution or inherited from the
shell's parent in the environment
- +\bo options enabled at invocation (either by default or with com-
+ +\bo options enabled at invocation (either by default or with com-
mand-line arguments) or by s\bse\bet\bt
+\bo options enabled by s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt
+\bo shell aliases defined with a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs
- +\bo various process IDs, including those of background jobs, the
+ +\bo various process IDs, including those of background jobs, the
value of $\b$$\b$, and the value of P\bPP\bPI\bID\bD
- When a simple command other than a builtin or shell function is to be
- executed, it is invoked in a separate execution environment that con-
- sists of the following. Unless otherwise noted, the values are inher-
+ When a simple command other than a builtin or shell function is to be
+ executed, it is invoked in a separate execution environment that con-
+ sists of the following. Unless otherwise noted, the values are inher-
ited from the shell.
- +\bo the shell's open files, plus any modifications and additions
+ +\bo the shell's open files, plus any modifications and additions
specified by redirections to the command
+\bo the current working directory
+\bo the file creation mode mask
- +\bo shell variables and functions marked for export, along with
+ +\bo shell variables and functions marked for export, along with
variables exported for the command, passed in the environment
+\bo traps caught by the shell are reset to the values inherited from
the shell's parent, and traps ignored by the shell are ignored
- A command invoked in this separate environment cannot affect the
+ A command invoked in this separate environment cannot affect the
shell's execution environment.
A _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl is a copy of the shell process.
- Command substitution, commands grouped with parentheses, and asynchro-
+ Command substitution, commands grouped with parentheses, and asynchro-
nous commands are invoked in a subshell environment that is a duplicate
of the shell environment, except that traps caught by the shell are re-
- set to the values that the shell inherited from its parent at invoca-
+ set to the values that the shell inherited from its parent at invoca-
tion. Builtin commands that are invoked as part of a pipeline are also
executed in a subshell environment. Changes made to the subshell envi-
ronment cannot affect the shell's execution environment.
Subshells spawned to execute command substitutions inherit the value of
- the -\b-e\be option from the parent shell. When not in _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh
+ the -\b-e\be option from the parent shell. When not in _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh
clears the -\b-e\be option in such subshells.
- If a command is followed by a &\b& and job control is not active, the de-
+ If a command is followed by a &\b& and job control is not active, the de-
fault standard input for the command is the empty file _\b/_\bd_\be_\bv_\b/_\bn_\bu_\bl_\bl. Oth-
- erwise, the invoked command inherits the file descriptors of the call-
+ erwise, the invoked command inherits the file descriptors of the call-
ing shell as modified by redirections.
E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT
- When a program is invoked it is given an array of strings called the
+ When a program is invoked it is given an array of strings called the
_\be_\bn_\bv_\bi_\br_\bo_\bn_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt. This is a list of _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be-_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be pairs, of the form
_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be.
- The shell provides several ways to manipulate the environment. On in-
- vocation, the shell scans its own environment and creates a parameter
- for each name found, automatically marking it for _\be_\bx_\bp_\bo_\br_\bt to child pro-
+ The shell provides several ways to manipulate the environment. On in-
+ vocation, the shell scans its own environment and creates a parameter
+ for each name found, automatically marking it for _\be_\bx_\bp_\bo_\br_\bt to child pro-
cesses. Executed commands inherit the environment. The e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt and d\bde\be-\b-
- c\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be -\b-x\bx commands allow parameters and functions to be added to and
+ c\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be -\b-x\bx commands allow parameters and functions to be added to and
deleted from the environment. If the value of a parameter in the envi-
ronment is modified, the new value becomes part of the environment, re-
- placing the old. The environment inherited by any executed command
- consists of the shell's initial environment, whose values may be modi-
- fied in the shell, less any pairs removed by the u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt command, plus
+ placing the old. The environment inherited by any executed command
+ consists of the shell's initial environment, whose values may be modi-
+ fied in the shell, less any pairs removed by the u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt command, plus
any additions via the e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt and d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be -\b-x\bx commands.
- The environment for any _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or function may be augmented
- temporarily by prefixing it with parameter assignments, as described
+ The environment for any _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd or function may be augmented
+ temporarily by prefixing it with parameter assignments, as described
above in P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bRS\bS. These assignment statements affect only the envi-
ronment seen by that command.
- If the -\b-k\bk option is set (see the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command below), then _\ba_\bl_\bl
- parameter assignments are placed in the environment for a command, not
+ If the -\b-k\bk option is set (see the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command below), then _\ba_\bl_\bl
+ parameter assignments are placed in the environment for a command, not
just those that precede the command name.
- When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh invokes an external command, the variable _\b_ is set to the
+ When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh invokes an external command, the variable _\b_ is set to the
full filename of the command and passed to that command in its environ-
ment.
E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT S\bST\bTA\bAT\bTU\bUS\bS
- The exit status of an executed command is the value returned by the
+ The exit status of an executed command is the value returned by the
_\bw_\ba_\bi_\bt_\bp_\bi_\bd system call or equivalent function. Exit statuses fall between
- 0 and 255, though, as explained below, the shell may use values above
+ 0 and 255, though, as explained below, the shell may use values above
125 specially. Exit statuses from shell builtins and compound commands
are also limited to this range. Under certain circumstances, the shell
will use special values to indicate specific failure modes.
For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a zero exit status
- has succeeded. An exit status of zero indicates success. A non-zero
- exit status indicates failure. When a command terminates on a fatal
+ has succeeded. An exit status of zero indicates success. A non-zero
+ exit status indicates failure. When a command terminates on a fatal
signal _\bN, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh uses the value of 128+_\bN as the exit status.
- If a command is not found, the child process created to execute it re-
- turns a status of 127. If a command is found but is not executable,
+ If a command is not found, the child process created to execute it re-
+ turns a status of 127. If a command is found but is not executable,
the return status is 126.
If a command fails because of an error during expansion or redirection,
the exit status is greater than zero.
- Shell builtin commands return a status of 0 (_\bt_\br_\bu_\be) if successful, and
- non-zero (_\bf_\ba_\bl_\bs_\be) if an error occurs while they execute. All builtins
- return an exit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage, generally in-
+ Shell builtin commands return a status of 0 (_\bt_\br_\bu_\be) if successful, and
+ non-zero (_\bf_\ba_\bl_\bs_\be) if an error occurs while they execute. All builtins
+ return an exit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage, generally in-
valid options or missing arguments.
The exit status of the last command is available in the special parame-
ter $?.
- B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh itself returns the exit status of the last command executed, un-
- less a syntax error occurs, in which case it exits with a non-zero
+ B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh itself returns the exit status of the last command executed, un-
+ less a syntax error occurs, in which case it exits with a non-zero
value. See also the e\bex\bxi\bit\bt builtin command below.
S\bSI\bIG\bGN\bNA\bAL\bLS\bS
- When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is interactive, in the absence of any traps, it ignores
+ When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is interactive, in the absence of any traps, it ignores
S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM (so that k\bki\bil\bll\bl 0\b0 does not kill an interactive shell), and S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT
- is caught and handled (so that the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin is interruptible). In
+ is caught and handled (so that the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin is interruptible). In
all cases, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh ignores S\bSI\bIG\bGQ\bQU\bUI\bIT\bT. If job control is in effect, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh ig-
nores S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTI\bIN\bN, S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTO\bOU\bU, and S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTS\bST\bTP\bP.
Non-builtin commands run by b\bba\bas\bsh\bh have signal handlers set to the values
inherited by the shell from its parent. When job control is not in ef-
- fect, asynchronous commands ignore S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT and S\bSI\bIG\bGQ\bQU\bUI\bIT\bT in addition to
- these inherited handlers. Commands run as a result of command substi-
+ fect, asynchronous commands ignore S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT and S\bSI\bIG\bGQ\bQU\bUI\bIT\bT in addition to
+ these inherited handlers. Commands run as a result of command substi-
tution ignore the keyboard-generated job control signals S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTI\bIN\bN, S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bT-\b-
T\bTO\bOU\bU, and S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTS\bST\bTP\bP.
- The shell exits by default upon receipt of a S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. Before exiting,
- an interactive shell resends the S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP to all jobs, running or
+ The shell exits by default upon receipt of a S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. Before exiting,
+ an interactive shell resends the S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP to all jobs, running or
stopped. Stopped jobs are sent S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT to ensure that they receive the
- S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. To prevent the shell from sending the signal to a particular
- job, it should be removed from the jobs table with the d\bdi\bis\bso\bow\bwn\bn builtin
- (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) or marked to not receive S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP us-
+ S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. To prevent the shell from sending the signal to a particular
+ job, it should be removed from the jobs table with the d\bdi\bis\bso\bow\bwn\bn builtin
+ (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) or marked to not receive S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP us-
ing d\bdi\bis\bso\bow\bwn\bn -\b-h\bh.
- If the h\bhu\bup\bpo\bon\bne\bex\bxi\bit\bt shell option has been set with s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh sends a
+ If the h\bhu\bup\bpo\bon\bne\bex\bxi\bit\bt shell option has been set with s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh sends a
S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP to all jobs when an interactive login shell exits.
- If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is waiting for a command to complete and receives a signal for
+ If b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is waiting for a command to complete and receives a signal for
which a trap has been set, the trap will not be executed until the com-
- mand completes. When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is waiting for an asynchronous command via
- the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin, the reception of a signal for which a trap has been
+ mand completes. When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is waiting for an asynchronous command via
+ the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin, the reception of a signal for which a trap has been
set will cause the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin to return immediately with an exit sta-
tus greater than 128, immediately after which the trap is executed.
- When job control is not enabled, and b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is waiting for a foreground
+ When job control is not enabled, and b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is waiting for a foreground
command to complete, the shell receives keyboard-generated signals such
- as S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT (usually generated by ^\b^C\bC) that users commonly intend to send
+ as S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT (usually generated by ^\b^C\bC) that users commonly intend to send
to that command. This happens because the shell and the command are in
the same process group as the terminal, and ^\b^C\bC sends S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT to all pro-
cesses in that process group.
- When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is running without job control enabled and receives S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT
- while waiting for a foreground command, it waits until that foreground
+ When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is running without job control enabled and receives S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT
+ while waiting for a foreground command, it waits until that foreground
command terminates and then decides what to do about the S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT:
1. If the command terminates due to the S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh concludes that
- the user meant to end the entire script, and acts on the S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT
+ the user meant to end the entire script, and acts on the S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT
(e.g., by running a S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT trap or exiting itself);
- 2. If the command does not terminate due to S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT, the program
- handled the S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT itself and did not treat it as a fatal sig-
- nal. In that case, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not treat S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT as a fatal sig-
- nal, either, instead assuming that the S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT was used as part
- of the program's normal operation (e.g., emacs uses it to abort
+ 2. If the command does not terminate due to S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT, the program
+ handled the S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT itself and did not treat it as a fatal sig-
+ nal. In that case, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not treat S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT as a fatal sig-
+ nal, either, instead assuming that the S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT was used as part
+ of the program's normal operation (e.g., emacs uses it to abort
editing commands) or deliberately discarded. However, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will
- run any trap set on S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT, as it does with any other trapped
- signal it receives while it is waiting for the foreground com-
+ run any trap set on S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT, as it does with any other trapped
+ signal it receives while it is waiting for the foreground com-
mand to complete, for compatibility.
J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL
_\bJ_\bo_\bb _\bc_\bo_\bn_\bt_\br_\bo_\bl refers to the ability to selectively stop (_\bs_\bu_\bs_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd) the ex-
- ecution of processes and continue (_\br_\be_\bs_\bu_\bm_\be) their execution at a later
- point. A user typically employs this facility via an interactive in-
- terface supplied jointly by the operating system kernel's terminal
+ ecution of processes and continue (_\br_\be_\bs_\bu_\bm_\be) their execution at a later
+ point. A user typically employs this facility via an interactive in-
+ terface supplied jointly by the operating system kernel's terminal
driver and b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.
- The shell associates a _\bj_\bo_\bb with each pipeline. It keeps a table of
- currently executing jobs, which may be listed with the j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs command.
- When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh starts a job asynchronously (in the _\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd), it prints a
+ The shell associates a _\bj_\bo_\bb with each pipeline. It keeps a table of
+ currently executing jobs, which may be listed with the j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs command.
+ When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh starts a job asynchronously (in the _\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd), it prints a
line that looks like:
[1] 25647
indicating that this job is job number 1 and that the process ID of the
last process in the pipeline associated with this job is 25647. All of
- the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh
+ the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh
uses the _\bj_\bo_\bb abstraction as the basis for job control.
- To facilitate the implementation of the user interface to job control,
+ To facilitate the implementation of the user interface to job control,
the operating system maintains the notion of a _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bt_\be_\br_\bm_\bi_\bn_\ba_\bl _\bp_\br_\bo_\bc_\be_\bs_\bs
_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bp _\bI_\bD. Members of this process group (processes whose process group
ID is equal to the current terminal process group ID) receive keyboard-
- generated signals such as S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT. These processes are said to be in
- the _\bf_\bo_\br_\be_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd. _\bB_\ba_\bc_\bk_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd processes are those whose process group ID
+ generated signals such as S\bSI\bIG\bGI\bIN\bNT\bT. These processes are said to be in
+ the _\bf_\bo_\br_\be_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd. _\bB_\ba_\bc_\bk_\bg_\br_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd processes are those whose process group ID
differs from the terminal's; such processes are immune to keyboard-gen-
erated signals. Only foreground processes are allowed to read from or,
- if the user so specifies with stty tostop, write to the terminal.
- Background processes which attempt to read from (write to when stty
- tostop is in effect) the terminal are sent a S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTI\bIN\bN (\b(S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTO\bOU\bU)\b) signal
- by the kernel's terminal driver, which, unless caught, suspends the
+ if the user so specifies with stty tostop, write to the terminal.
+ Background processes which attempt to read from (write to when stty
+ tostop is in effect) the terminal are sent a S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTI\bIN\bN (\b(S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTT\bTO\bOU\bU)\b) signal
+ by the kernel's terminal driver, which, unless caught, suspends the
process.
- If the operating system on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is running supports job control,
+ If the operating system on which b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is running supports job control,
b\bba\bas\bsh\bh contains facilities to use it. Typing the _\bs_\bu_\bs_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd character (typ-
ically ^\b^Z\bZ, Control-Z) while a process is running causes that process to
- be stopped and returns control to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. Typing the _\bd_\be_\bl_\ba_\by_\be_\bd _\bs_\bu_\bs_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd
- character (typically ^\b^Y\bY, Control-Y) causes the process to be stopped
+ be stopped and returns control to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. Typing the _\bd_\be_\bl_\ba_\by_\be_\bd _\bs_\bu_\bs_\bp_\be_\bn_\bd
+ character (typically ^\b^Y\bY, Control-Y) causes the process to be stopped
when it attempts to read input from the terminal, and control to be re-
- turned to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. The user may then manipulate the state of this job,
- using the b\bbg\bg command to continue it in the background, the f\bfg\bg command
+ turned to b\bba\bas\bsh\bh. The user may then manipulate the state of this job,
+ using the b\bbg\bg command to continue it in the background, the f\bfg\bg command
to continue it in the foreground, or the k\bki\bil\bll\bl command to kill it. A ^\b^Z\bZ
takes effect immediately, and has the additional side effect of causing
pending output and typeahead to be discarded.
There are a number of ways to refer to a job in the shell. The charac-
- ter %\b% introduces a job specification (_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc). Job number _\bn may be
+ ter %\b% introduces a job specification (_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc). Job number _\bn may be
referred to as %\b%n\bn. A job may also be referred to using a prefix of the
name used to start it, or using a substring that appears in its command
- line. For example, %\b%c\bce\be refers to a stopped job whose command name be-
- gins with c\bce\be. If a prefix matches more than one job, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports an
+ line. For example, %\b%c\bce\be refers to a stopped job whose command name be-
+ gins with c\bce\be. If a prefix matches more than one job, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports an
error. Using %\b%?\b?c\bce\be, on the other hand, refers to any job containing the
- string c\bce\be in its command line. If the substring matches more than one
+ string c\bce\be in its command line. If the substring matches more than one
job, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports an error. The symbols %\b%%\b% and %\b%+\b+ refer to the shell's
- notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb, which is the last job stopped while it was
- in the foreground or started in the background. The _\bp_\br_\be_\bv_\bi_\bo_\bu_\bs _\bj_\bo_\bb may
- be referenced using %\b%-\b-. If there is only a single job, %\b%+\b+ and %\b%-\b- can
+ notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb, which is the last job stopped while it was
+ in the foreground or started in the background. The _\bp_\br_\be_\bv_\bi_\bo_\bu_\bs _\bj_\bo_\bb may
+ be referenced using %\b%-\b-. If there is only a single job, %\b%+\b+ and %\b%-\b- can
both be used to refer to that job. In output pertaining to jobs (e.g.,
the output of the j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs command), the current job is always flagged with
- a +\b+, and the previous job with a -\b-. A single % (with no accompanying
+ a +\b+, and the previous job with a -\b-. A single % (with no accompanying
job specification) also refers to the current job.
- Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the foreground: %\b%1\b1 is
- a synonym for `\b``\b`f\bfg\bg %\b%1\b1'\b''\b', bringing job 1 from the background into the
- foreground. Similarly, `\b``\b`%\b%1\b1 &\b&'\b''\b' resumes job 1 in the background,
+ Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the foreground: %\b%1\b1 is
+ a synonym for `\b``\b`f\bfg\bg %\b%1\b1'\b''\b', bringing job 1 from the background into the
+ foreground. Similarly, `\b``\b`%\b%1\b1 &\b&'\b''\b' resumes job 1 in the background,
equivalent to `\b``\b`b\bbg\bg %\b%1\b1'\b''\b'.
- The shell learns immediately whenever a job changes state. Normally,
+ The shell learns immediately whenever a job changes state. Normally,
b\bba\bas\bsh\bh waits until it is about to print a prompt before reporting changes
- in a job's status so as to not interrupt any other output. If the -\b-b\bb
+ in a job's status so as to not interrupt any other output. If the -\b-b\bb
option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command is enabled, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh reports such changes
- immediately. Any trap on S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCH\bHL\bLD\bD is executed for each child that ex-
+ immediately. Any trap on S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCH\bHL\bLD\bD is executed for each child that ex-
its.
- If an attempt to exit b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is made while jobs are stopped (or, if the
- c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs shell option has been enabled using the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin, run-
+ If an attempt to exit b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is made while jobs are stopped (or, if the
+ c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs shell option has been enabled using the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin, run-
ning), the shell prints a warning message, and, if the c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs option
- is enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses. The j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs command may
- then be used to inspect their status. If a second attempt to exit is
- made without an intervening command, the shell does not print another
+ is enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses. The j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs command may
+ then be used to inspect their status. If a second attempt to exit is
+ made without an intervening command, the shell does not print another
warning, and any stopped jobs are terminated.
- When the shell is waiting for a job or process using the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin,
- and job control is enabled, w\bwa\bai\bit\bt will return when the job changes
- state. The -\b-f\bf option causes w\bwa\bai\bit\bt to wait until the job or process ter-
+ When the shell is waiting for a job or process using the w\bwa\bai\bit\bt builtin,
+ and job control is enabled, w\bwa\bai\bit\bt will return when the job changes
+ state. The -\b-f\bf option causes w\bwa\bai\bit\bt to wait until the job or process ter-
minates before returning.
P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
When executing interactively, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh displays the primary prompt P\bPS\bS1\b1 when
- it is ready to read a command, and the secondary prompt P\bPS\bS2\b2 when it
- needs more input to complete a command. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh displays P\bPS\bS0\b0 after it
- reads a command but before executing it. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh displays P\bPS\bS4\b4 as de-
- scribed above before tracing each command when the -\b-x\bx option is en-
- abled. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh allows these prompt strings to be customized by inserting
- a number of backslash-escaped special characters that are decoded as
+ it is ready to read a command, and the secondary prompt P\bPS\bS2\b2 when it
+ needs more input to complete a command. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh displays P\bPS\bS0\b0 after it
+ reads a command but before executing it. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh displays P\bPS\bS4\b4 as de-
+ scribed above before tracing each command when the -\b-x\bx option is en-
+ abled. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh allows these prompt strings to be customized by inserting
+ a number of backslash-escaped special characters that are decoded as
follows:
\\b\a\ba an ASCII bell character (07)
- \\b\d\bd the date in "Weekday Month Date" format (e.g., "Tue May
+ \\b\d\bd the date in "Weekday Month Date" format (e.g., "Tue May
26")
\\b\D\bD{\b{_\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt}\b}
the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is passed to _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) and the result is in-
serted into the prompt string; an empty _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt results in
- a locale-specific time representation. The braces are
+ a locale-specific time representation. The braces are
required
\\b\e\be an ASCII escape character (033)
\\b\h\bh the hostname up to the first `.'
\\b\l\bl the basename of the shell's terminal device name
\\b\n\bn newline
\\b\r\br carriage return
- \\b\s\bs the name of the shell, the basename of $\b$0\b0 (the portion
+ \\b\s\bs the name of the shell, the basename of $\b$0\b0 (the portion
following the final slash)
\\b\t\bt the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format
\\b\T\bT the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format
\\b\u\bu the username of the current user
\\b\v\bv the version of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh (e.g., 2.00)
\\b\V\bV the release of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh, version + patch level (e.g., 2.00.0)
- \\b\w\bw the value of the P\bPW\bWD\bD shell variable ($\b$P\bPW\bWD\bD), with $\b$H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE
- abbreviated with a tilde (uses the value of the
+ \\b\w\bw the value of the P\bPW\bWD\bD shell variable ($\b$P\bPW\bWD\bD), with $\b$H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE
+ abbreviated with a tilde (uses the value of the
P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bT_\b_D\bDI\bIR\bRT\bTR\bRI\bIM\bM variable)
\\b\W\bW the basename of $\b$P\bPW\bWD\bD, with $\b$H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE abbreviated with a tilde
\\b\!\b! the history number of this command
\\b\$\b$ if the effective UID is 0, a #\b#, otherwise a $\b$
\\b\_\bn_\bn_\bn the character corresponding to the octal number _\bn_\bn_\bn
\\b\\\b\ a backslash
- \\b\[\b[ begin a sequence of non-printing characters, which could
- be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the
+ \\b\[\b[ begin a sequence of non-printing characters, which could
+ be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the
prompt
\\b\]\b] end a sequence of non-printing characters
- The command number and the history number are usually different: the
- history number of a command is its position in the history list, which
- may include commands restored from the history file (see H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY be-
- low), while the command number is the position in the sequence of com-
- mands executed during the current shell session. After the string is
- decoded, it is expanded via parameter expansion, command substitution,
- arithmetic expansion, and quote removal, subject to the value of the
+ The command number and the history number are usually different: the
+ history number of a command is its position in the history list, which
+ may include commands restored from the history file (see H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY be-
+ low), while the command number is the position in the sequence of com-
+ mands executed during the current shell session. After the string is
+ decoded, it is expanded via parameter expansion, command substitution,
+ arithmetic expansion, and quote removal, subject to the value of the
p\bpr\bro\bom\bmp\bpt\btv\bva\bar\brs\bs shell option (see the description of the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt command under
- S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). This can have unwanted side effects if
- escaped portions of the string appear within command substitution or
+ S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). This can have unwanted side effects if
+ escaped portions of the string appear within command substitution or
contain characters special to word expansion.
R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
- This is the library that handles reading input when using an interac-
+ This is the library that handles reading input when using an interac-
tive shell, unless the -\b--\b-n\bno\boe\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg option is given at shell invocation.
Line editing is also used when using the -\b-e\be option to the r\bre\bea\bad\bd builtin.
By default, the line editing commands are similar to those of Emacs. A
vi-style line editing interface is also available. Line editing can be
- enabled at any time using the -\b-o\bo e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs or -\b-o\bo v\bvi\bi options to the s\bse\bet\bt
- builtin (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). To turn off line editing
- after the shell is running, use the +\b+o\bo e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs or +\b+o\bo v\bvi\bi options to the
+ enabled at any time using the -\b-o\bo e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs or -\b-o\bo v\bvi\bi options to the s\bse\bet\bt
+ builtin (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). To turn off line editing
+ after the shell is running, use the +\b+o\bo e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs or +\b+o\bo v\bvi\bi options to the
s\bse\bet\bt builtin.
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be N\bNo\bot\bta\bat\bti\bio\bon\bn
In this section, the Emacs-style notation is used to denote keystrokes.
- Control keys are denoted by C-_\bk_\be_\by, e.g., C-n means Control-N. Simi-
- larly, _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba keys are denoted by M-_\bk_\be_\by, so M-x means Meta-X. (On key-
- boards without a _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba key, M-_\bx means ESC _\bx, i.e., press the Escape key
+ Control keys are denoted by C-_\bk_\be_\by, e.g., C-n means Control-N. Simi-
+ larly, _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba keys are denoted by M-_\bk_\be_\by, so M-x means Meta-X. (On key-
+ boards without a _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba key, M-_\bx means ESC _\bx, i.e., press the Escape key
then the _\bx key. This makes ESC the _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx. The combination M-C-_\bx
- means ESC-Control-_\bx, or press the Escape key then hold the Control key
+ means ESC-Control-_\bx, or press the Escape key then hold the Control key
while pressing the _\bx key.)
Readline commands may be given numeric _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs, which normally act as
- a repeat count. Sometimes, however, it is the sign of the argument
- that is significant. Passing a negative argument to a command that
- acts in the forward direction (e.g., k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be) causes that command to
- act in a backward direction. Commands whose behavior with arguments
+ a repeat count. Sometimes, however, it is the sign of the argument
+ that is significant. Passing a negative argument to a command that
+ acts in the forward direction (e.g., k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be) causes that command to
+ act in a backward direction. Commands whose behavior with arguments
deviates from this are noted below.
- When a command is described as _\bk_\bi_\bl_\bl_\bi_\bn_\bg text, the text deleted is saved
+ When a command is described as _\bk_\bi_\bl_\bl_\bi_\bn_\bg text, the text deleted is saved
for possible future retrieval (_\by_\ba_\bn_\bk_\bi_\bn_\bg). The killed text is saved in a
_\bk_\bi_\bl_\bl _\br_\bi_\bn_\bg. Consecutive kills cause the text to be accumulated into one
unit, which can be yanked all at once. Commands which do not kill text
separate the chunks of text on the kill ring.
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be I\bIn\bni\bit\bti\bia\bal\bli\biz\bza\bat\bti\bio\bon\bn
- Readline is customized by putting commands in an initialization file
- (the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file). The name of this file is taken from the value of
+ Readline is customized by putting commands in an initialization file
+ (the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file). The name of this file is taken from the value of
the I\bIN\bNP\bPU\bUT\bTR\bRC\bC variable. If that variable is unset, the default is _\b~_\b/_\b._\bi_\bn_\b-
- _\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc. If that file does not exist or cannot be read, the ultimate
- default is _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc. When a program which uses the readline li-
- brary starts up, the initialization file is read, and the key bindings
- and variables are set. There are only a few basic constructs allowed
- in the readline initialization file. Blank lines are ignored. Lines
- beginning with a #\b# are comments. Lines beginning with a $\b$ indicate
- conditional constructs. Other lines denote key bindings and variable
+ _\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc. If that file does not exist or cannot be read, the ultimate
+ default is _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc. When a program which uses the readline li-
+ brary starts up, the initialization file is read, and the key bindings
+ and variables are set. There are only a few basic constructs allowed
+ in the readline initialization file. Blank lines are ignored. Lines
+ beginning with a #\b# are comments. Lines beginning with a $\b$ indicate
+ conditional constructs. Other lines denote key bindings and variable
settings.
- The default key-bindings may be changed with an _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file. Other
+ The default key-bindings may be changed with an _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file. Other
programs that use this library may add their own commands and bindings.
For example, placing
M-Control-u: universal-argument
or
C-Meta-u: universal-argument
- into the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc would make M-C-u execute the readline command _\bu_\bn_\bi_\bv_\be_\br_\b-
+ into the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc would make M-C-u execute the readline command _\bu_\bn_\bi_\bv_\be_\br_\b-
_\bs_\ba_\bl_\b-_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt.
- The following symbolic character names are recognized: _\bR_\bU_\bB_\bO_\bU_\bT, _\bD_\bE_\bL,
+ The following symbolic character names are recognized: _\bR_\bU_\bB_\bO_\bU_\bT, _\bD_\bE_\bL,
_\bE_\bS_\bC, _\bL_\bF_\bD, _\bN_\bE_\bW_\bL_\bI_\bN_\bE, _\bR_\bE_\bT, _\bR_\bE_\bT_\bU_\bR_\bN, _\bS_\bP_\bC, _\bS_\bP_\bA_\bC_\bE, and _\bT_\bA_\bB.
- In addition to command names, readline allows keys to be bound to a
+ In addition to command names, readline allows keys to be bound to a
string that is inserted when the key is pressed (a _\bm_\ba_\bc_\br_\bo).
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be K\bKe\bey\by B\bBi\bin\bnd\bdi\bin\bng\bgs\bs
- The syntax for controlling key bindings in the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file is simple.
- All that is required is the name of the command or the text of a macro
+ The syntax for controlling key bindings in the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file is simple.
+ All that is required is the name of the command or the text of a macro
and a key sequence to which it should be bound. The name may be speci-
fied in one of two ways: as a symbolic key name, possibly with _\bM_\be_\bt_\ba_\b- or
_\bC_\bo_\bn_\bt_\br_\bo_\bl_\b- prefixes, or as a key sequence.
Meta-Rubout: backward-kill-word
Control-o: "> output"
- In the above example, _\bC_\b-_\bu is bound to the function u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt,
- _\bM_\b-_\bD_\bE_\bL is bound to the function b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd, and _\bC_\b-_\bo is bound to
- run the macro expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert the
+ In the above example, _\bC_\b-_\bu is bound to the function u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt,
+ _\bM_\b-_\bD_\bE_\bL is bound to the function b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd, and _\bC_\b-_\bo is bound to
+ run the macro expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert the
text ``> output'' into the line).
- In the second form, "\b"k\bke\bey\bys\bse\beq\bq"\b":_\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be or _\bm_\ba_\bc_\br_\bo, k\bke\bey\bys\bse\beq\bq differs
- from k\bke\bey\byn\bna\bam\bme\be above in that strings denoting an entire key sequence may
- be specified by placing the sequence within double quotes. Some GNU
- Emacs style key escapes can be used, as in the following example, but
+ In the second form, "\b"k\bke\bey\bys\bse\beq\bq"\b":_\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be or _\bm_\ba_\bc_\br_\bo, k\bke\bey\bys\bse\beq\bq differs
+ from k\bke\bey\byn\bna\bam\bme\be above in that strings denoting an entire key sequence may
+ be specified by placing the sequence within double quotes. Some GNU
+ Emacs style key escapes can be used, as in the following example, but
the symbolic character names are not recognized.
"\C-u": universal-argument
"\e[11~": "Function Key 1"
In this example, _\bC_\b-_\bu is again bound to the function u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt.
- _\bC_\b-_\bx _\bC_\b-_\br is bound to the function r\bre\be-\b-r\bre\bea\bad\bd-\b-i\bin\bni\bit\bt-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\be, and _\bE_\bS_\bC _\b[ _\b1 _\b1 _\b~ is
+ _\bC_\b-_\bx _\bC_\b-_\br is bound to the function r\bre\be-\b-r\bre\bea\bad\bd-\b-i\bin\bni\bit\bt-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\be, and _\bE_\bS_\bC _\b[ _\b1 _\b1 _\b~ is
bound to insert the text ``Function Key 1''.
The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is
\\b\"\b" literal "
\\b\'\b' literal '
- In addition to the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second set of
+ In addition to the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second set of
backslash escapes is available:
\\b\a\ba alert (bell)
\\b\b\bb backspace
\\b\r\br carriage return
\\b\t\bt horizontal tab
\\b\v\bv vertical tab
- \\b\_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
+ \\b\_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
_\bn_\bn_\bn (one to three digits)
- \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
+ \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
value _\bH_\bH (one or two hex digits)
When entering the text of a macro, single or double quotes must be used
to indicate a macro definition. Unquoted text is assumed to be a func-
- tion name. In the macro body, the backslash escapes described above
- are expanded. Backslash will quote any other character in the macro
+ tion name. In the macro body, the backslash escapes described above
+ are expanded. Backslash will quote any other character in the macro
text, including " and '.
- B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh allows the current readline key bindings to be displayed or modi-
- fied with the b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd builtin command. The editing mode may be switched
- during interactive use by using the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin com-
+ B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh allows the current readline key bindings to be displayed or modi-
+ fied with the b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd builtin command. The editing mode may be switched
+ during interactive use by using the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin com-
mand (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs
s\bse\bet\bt _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be
or using the b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd builtin command (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below).
- Except where noted, readline variables can take the values O\bOn\bn or O\bOf\bff\bf
- (without regard to case). Unrecognized variable names are ignored.
- When a variable value is read, empty or null values, "on" (case-insen-
+ Except where noted, readline variables can take the values O\bOn\bn or O\bOf\bff\bf
+ (without regard to case). Unrecognized variable names are ignored.
+ When a variable value is read, empty or null values, "on" (case-insen-
sitive), and "1" are equivalent to O\bOn\bn. All other values are equivalent
to O\bOf\bff\bf. The variables and their default values are:
a\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be-\b-r\bre\beg\bgi\bio\bon\bn-\b-s\bst\bta\bar\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bol\blo\bor\br
- A string variable that controls the text color and background
- when displaying the text in the active region (see the descrip-
- tion of e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be-\b-a\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be-\b-r\bre\beg\bgi\bio\bon\bn below). This string must not take
+ A string variable that controls the text color and background
+ when displaying the text in the active region (see the descrip-
+ tion of e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be-\b-a\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be-\b-r\bre\beg\bgi\bio\bon\bn below). This string must not take
up any physical character positions on the display, so it should
- consist only of terminal escape sequences. It is output to the
- terminal before displaying the text in the active region. This
- variable is reset to the default value whenever the terminal
- type changes. The default value is the string that puts the
- terminal in standout mode, as obtained from the terminal's ter-
+ consist only of terminal escape sequences. It is output to the
+ terminal before displaying the text in the active region. This
+ variable is reset to the default value whenever the terminal
+ type changes. The default value is the string that puts the
+ terminal in standout mode, as obtained from the terminal's ter-
minfo description. A sample value might be "\e[01;33m".
a\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be-\b-r\bre\beg\bgi\bio\bon\bn-\b-e\ben\bnd\bd-\b-c\bco\bol\blo\bor\br
- A string variable that "undoes" the effects of a\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be-\b-r\bre\be-\b-
- g\bgi\bio\bon\bn-\b-s\bst\bta\bar\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bol\blo\bor\br and restores "normal" terminal display appear-
- ance after displaying text in the active region. This string
- must not take up any physical character positions on the dis-
- play, so it should consist only of terminal escape sequences.
- It is output to the terminal after displaying the text in the
- active region. This variable is reset to the default value
- whenever the terminal type changes. The default value is the
- string that restores the terminal from standout mode, as ob-
+ A string variable that "undoes" the effects of a\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be-\b-r\bre\be-\b-
+ g\bgi\bio\bon\bn-\b-s\bst\bta\bar\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bol\blo\bor\br and restores "normal" terminal display appear-
+ ance after displaying text in the active region. This string
+ must not take up any physical character positions on the dis-
+ play, so it should consist only of terminal escape sequences.
+ It is output to the terminal after displaying the text in the
+ active region. This variable is reset to the default value
+ whenever the terminal type changes. The default value is the
+ string that restores the terminal from standout mode, as ob-
tained from the terminal's terminfo description. A sample value
might be "\e[0m".
b\bbe\bel\bll\bl-\b-s\bst\bty\byl\ble\be (\b(a\bau\bud\bdi\bib\bbl\ble\be)\b)
- Controls what happens when readline wants to ring the terminal
+ Controls what happens when readline wants to ring the terminal
bell. If set to n\bno\bon\bne\be, readline never rings the bell. If set to
- v\bvi\bis\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be, readline uses a visible bell if one is available. If
+ v\bvi\bis\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be, readline uses a visible bell if one is available. If
set to a\bau\bud\bdi\bib\bbl\ble\be, readline attempts to ring the terminal's bell.
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd-\b-t\btt\bty\by-\b-s\bsp\bpe\bec\bci\bia\bal\bl-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\brs\bs (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline attempts to bind the control characters
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline attempts to bind the control characters
treated specially by the kernel's terminal driver to their read-
line equivalents.
b\bbl\bli\bin\bnk\bk-\b-m\bma\bat\btc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg-\b-p\bpa\bar\bre\ben\bn (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
If set to O\bOn\bn, readline attempts to briefly move the cursor to an
opening parenthesis when a closing parenthesis is inserted.
c\bco\bol\blo\bor\bre\bed\bd-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn-\b-p\bpr\bre\bef\bfi\bix\bx (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, when listing completions, readline displays the
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, when listing completions, readline displays the
common prefix of the set of possible completions using a differ-
- ent color. The color definitions are taken from the value of
+ ent color. The color definitions are taken from the value of
the L\bLS\bS_\b_C\bCO\bOL\bLO\bOR\bRS\bS environment variable. If there is a color defini-
- tion in $\b$L\bLS\bS_\b_C\bCO\bOL\bLO\bOR\bRS\bS for the custom suffix "readline-colored-com-
- pletion-prefix", readline uses this color for the common prefix
+ tion in $\b$L\bLS\bS_\b_C\bCO\bOL\bLO\bOR\bRS\bS for the custom suffix "readline-colored-com-
+ pletion-prefix", readline uses this color for the common prefix
instead of its default.
c\bco\bol\blo\bor\bre\bed\bd-\b-s\bst\bta\bat\bts\bs (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline displays possible completions using dif-
- ferent colors to indicate their file type. The color defini-
- tions are taken from the value of the L\bLS\bS_\b_C\bCO\bOL\bLO\bOR\bRS\bS environment
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline displays possible completions using dif-
+ ferent colors to indicate their file type. The color defini-
+ tions are taken from the value of the L\bLS\bS_\b_C\bCO\bOL\bLO\bOR\bRS\bS environment
variable.
c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn (\b(`\b``\b`#\b#'\b''\b')\b)
- The string that is inserted when the readline i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt
+ The string that is inserted when the readline i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt
command is executed. This command is bound to M\bM-\b-#\b# in emacs mode
and to #\b# in vi command mode.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn-\b-d\bdi\bis\bsp\bpl\bla\bay\by-\b-w\bwi\bid\bdt\bth\bh (\b(-\b-1\b1)\b)
- The number of screen columns used to display possible matches
- when performing completion. The value is ignored if it is less
- than 0 or greater than the terminal screen width. A value of 0
- will cause matches to be displayed one per line. The default
+ The number of screen columns used to display possible matches
+ when performing completion. The value is ignored if it is less
+ than 0 or greater than the terminal screen width. A value of 0
+ will cause matches to be displayed one per line. The default
value is -1.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn-\b-i\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\be-\b-c\bca\bas\bse\be (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
If set to O\bOn\bn, readline performs filename matching and completion
in a case-insensitive fashion.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn-\b-m\bma\bap\bp-\b-c\bca\bas\bse\be (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, and c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn-\b-i\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\be-\b-c\bca\bas\bse\be is enabled, readline
- treats hyphens (_\b-) and underscores (_\b_) as equivalent when per-
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, and c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn-\b-i\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\be-\b-c\bca\bas\bse\be is enabled, readline
+ treats hyphens (_\b-) and underscores (_\b_) as equivalent when per-
forming case-insensitive filename matching and completion.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn-\b-p\bpr\bre\bef\bfi\bix\bx-\b-d\bdi\bis\bsp\bpl\bla\bay\by-\b-l\ble\ben\bng\bgt\bth\bh (\b(0\b0)\b)
- The length in characters of the common prefix of a list of pos-
- sible completions that is displayed without modification. When
- set to a value greater than zero, common prefixes longer than
- this value are replaced with an ellipsis when displaying possi-
+ The length in characters of the common prefix of a list of pos-
+ sible completions that is displayed without modification. When
+ set to a value greater than zero, common prefixes longer than
+ this value are replaced with an ellipsis when displaying possi-
ble completions.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn-\b-q\bqu\bue\ber\bry\by-\b-i\bit\bte\bem\bms\bs (\b(1\b10\b00\b0)\b)
- This determines when the user is queried about viewing the num-
- ber of possible completions generated by the p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\be-\b-
- t\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs command. It may be set to any integer value greater than
- or equal to zero. If the number of possible completions is
- greater than or equal to the value of this variable, readline
- will ask whether or not the user wishes to view them; otherwise
- they are simply listed on the terminal. A zero value means
+ This determines when the user is queried about viewing the num-
+ ber of possible completions generated by the p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\be-\b-
+ t\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs command. It may be set to any integer value greater than
+ or equal to zero. If the number of possible completions is
+ greater than or equal to the value of this variable, readline
+ will ask whether or not the user wishes to view them; otherwise
+ they are simply listed on the terminal. A zero value means
readline should never ask; negative values are treated as zero.
c\bco\bon\bnv\bve\ber\brt\bt-\b-m\bme\bet\bta\ba (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will convert characters with the eighth
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will convert characters with the eighth
bit set to an ASCII key sequence by stripping the eighth bit and
- prefixing an escape character (in effect, using escape as the
- _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx). The default is _\bO_\bn, but readline will set it to
+ prefixing an escape character (in effect, using escape as the
+ _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx). The default is _\bO_\bn, but readline will set it to
_\bO_\bf_\bf if the locale contains eight-bit characters.
d\bdi\bis\bsa\bab\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will inhibit word completion. Completion
- characters will be inserted into the line as if they had been
+ characters will be inserted into the line as if they had been
mapped to s\bse\bel\blf\bf-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt.
e\bec\bch\bho\bo-\b-c\bco\bon\bnt\btr\bro\bol\bl-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\bra\bac\bct\bte\ber\brs\bs (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
- When set to O\bOn\bn, on operating systems that indicate they support
+ When set to O\bOn\bn, on operating systems that indicate they support
it, readline echoes a character corresponding to a signal gener-
ated from the keyboard.
e\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be (\b(e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs)\b)
ilar to _\bE_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs or _\bv_\bi. e\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be can be set to either e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs or
v\bvi\bi.
e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be-\b-s\bst\btr\bri\bin\bng\bg (\b(@\b@)\b)
- If the _\bs_\bh_\bo_\bw_\b-_\bm_\bo_\bd_\be_\b-_\bi_\bn_\b-_\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt variable is enabled, this string is
+ If the _\bs_\bh_\bo_\bw_\b-_\bm_\bo_\bd_\be_\b-_\bi_\bn_\b-_\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt variable is enabled, this string is
displayed immediately before the last line of the primary prompt
when emacs editing mode is active. The value is expanded like a
- key binding, so the standard set of meta- and control prefixes
- and backslash escape sequences is available. Use the \1 and \2
- escapes to begin and end sequences of non-printing characters,
- which can be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the
+ key binding, so the standard set of meta- and control prefixes
+ and backslash escape sequences is available. Use the \1 and \2
+ escapes to begin and end sequences of non-printing characters,
+ which can be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the
mode string.
e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be-\b-a\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be-\b-r\bre\beg\bgi\bio\bon\bn (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
- The _\bp_\bo_\bi_\bn_\bt is the current cursor position, and _\bm_\ba_\br_\bk refers to a
- saved cursor position. The text between the point and mark is
- referred to as the _\br_\be_\bg_\bi_\bo_\bn. When this variable is set to _\bO_\bn,
- readline allows certain commands to designate the region as _\ba_\bc_\b-
- _\bt_\bi_\bv_\be. When the region is active, readline highlights the text
- in the region using the value of the a\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be-\b-r\bre\beg\bgi\bio\bon\bn-\b-s\bst\bta\bar\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bol\blo\bor\br,
- which defaults to the string that enables the terminal's stand-
- out mode. The active region shows the text inserted by brack-
- eted-paste and any matching text found by incremental and non-
+ The _\bp_\bo_\bi_\bn_\bt is the current cursor position, and _\bm_\ba_\br_\bk refers to a
+ saved cursor position. The text between the point and mark is
+ referred to as the _\br_\be_\bg_\bi_\bo_\bn. When this variable is set to _\bO_\bn,
+ readline allows certain commands to designate the region as _\ba_\bc_\b-
+ _\bt_\bi_\bv_\be. When the region is active, readline highlights the text
+ in the region using the value of the a\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be-\b-r\bre\beg\bgi\bio\bon\bn-\b-s\bst\bta\bar\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bol\blo\bor\br,
+ which defaults to the string that enables the terminal's stand-
+ out mode. The active region shows the text inserted by brack-
+ eted-paste and any matching text found by incremental and non-
incremental history searches.
e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be-\b-b\bbr\bra\bac\bck\bke\bet\bte\bed\bd-\b-p\bpa\bas\bst\bte\be (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
- When set to O\bOn\bn, readline configures the terminal to insert each
- paste into the editing buffer as a single string of characters,
- instead of treating each character as if it had been read from
+ When set to O\bOn\bn, readline configures the terminal to insert each
+ paste into the editing buffer as a single string of characters,
+ instead of treating each character as if it had been read from
the keyboard. This prevents readline from executing any editing
commands bound to key sequences appearing in the pasted text.
e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be-\b-k\bke\bey\byp\bpa\bad\bd (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
pad when it is called. Some systems need this to enable the ar-
row keys.
e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be-\b-m\bme\bet\bta\ba-\b-k\bke\bey\by (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
- When set to O\bOn\bn, readline will try to enable any meta modifier
- key the terminal claims to support when it is called. On many
+ When set to O\bOn\bn, readline will try to enable any meta modifier
+ key the terminal claims to support when it is called. On many
terminals, the meta key is used to send eight-bit characters.
e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-t\bti\bil\bld\bde\be (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, tilde expansion is performed when readline at-
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, tilde expansion is performed when readline at-
tempts word completion.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-p\bpr\bre\bes\bse\ber\brv\bve\be-\b-p\bpo\boi\bin\bnt\bt (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, the history code attempts to place point at the
- same location on each history line retrieved with p\bpr\bre\bev\bvi\bio\bou\bus\bs-\b-h\bhi\bis\bs-\b-
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, the history code attempts to place point at the
+ same location on each history line retrieved with p\bpr\bre\bev\bvi\bio\bou\bus\bs-\b-h\bhi\bis\bs-\b-
t\bto\bor\bry\by or n\bne\bex\bxt\bt-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-s\bsi\biz\bze\be (\b(u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt)\b)
- Set the maximum number of history entries saved in the history
- list. If set to zero, any existing history entries are deleted
+ Set the maximum number of history entries saved in the history
+ list. If set to zero, any existing history entries are deleted
and no new entries are saved. If set to a value less than zero,
- the number of history entries is not limited. By default, the
- number of history entries is set to the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE
- shell variable. If an attempt is made to set _\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by_\b-_\bs_\bi_\bz_\be to a
+ the number of history entries is not limited. By default, the
+ number of history entries is set to the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE
+ shell variable. If an attempt is made to set _\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by_\b-_\bs_\bi_\bz_\be to a
non-numeric value, the maximum number of history entries will be
set to 500.
h\bho\bor\bri\biz\bzo\bon\bnt\bta\bal\bl-\b-s\bsc\bcr\bro\bol\bll\bl-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- When set to O\bOn\bn, makes readline use a single line for display,
+ When set to O\bOn\bn, makes readline use a single line for display,
scrolling the input horizontally on a single screen line when it
- becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a
- new line. This setting is automatically enabled for terminals
+ becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a
+ new line. This setting is automatically enabled for terminals
of height 1.
i\bin\bnp\bpu\but\bt-\b-m\bme\bet\bta\ba (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will enable eight-bit input (that is, it
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will enable eight-bit input (that is, it
will not strip the eighth bit from the characters it reads), re-
- gardless of what the terminal claims it can support. The name
- m\bme\bet\bta\ba-\b-f\bfl\bla\bag\bg is a synonym for this variable. The default is _\bO_\bf_\bf,
- but readline will set it to _\bO_\bn if the locale contains eight-bit
+ gardless of what the terminal claims it can support. The name
+ m\bme\bet\bta\ba-\b-f\bfl\bla\bag\bg is a synonym for this variable. The default is _\bO_\bf_\bf,
+ but readline will set it to _\bO_\bn if the locale contains eight-bit
characters.
i\bis\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-t\bte\ber\brm\bmi\bin\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs (\b(`\b``\b`C\bC-\b-[\b[C\bC-\b-J\bJ'\b''\b')\b)
- The string of characters that should terminate an incremental
- search without subsequently executing the character as a com-
- mand. If this variable has not been given a value, the charac-
+ The string of characters that should terminate an incremental
+ search without subsequently executing the character as a com-
+ mand. If this variable has not been given a value, the charac-
ters _\bE_\bS_\bC and _\bC_\b-_\bJ will terminate an incremental search.
k\bke\bey\bym\bma\bap\bp (\b(e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs)\b)
- Set the current readline keymap. The set of valid keymap names
- is _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\b-
- _\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, and _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bi_\bn_\bs_\be_\br_\bt. _\bv_\bi is equivalent to _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd; _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs is
- equivalent to _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd. The default value is _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs; the
+ Set the current readline keymap. The set of valid keymap names
+ is _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\b-
+ _\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, and _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bi_\bn_\bs_\be_\br_\bt. _\bv_\bi is equivalent to _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd; _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs is
+ equivalent to _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd. The default value is _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs; the
value of e\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be also affects the default keymap.
k\bke\bey\bys\bse\beq\bq-\b-t\bti\bim\bme\beo\bou\but\bt (\b(5\b50\b00\b0)\b)
- Specifies the duration _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will wait for a character when
- reading an ambiguous key sequence (one that can form a complete
+ Specifies the duration _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will wait for a character when
+ reading an ambiguous key sequence (one that can form a complete
key sequence using the input read so far, or can take additional
- input to complete a longer key sequence). If no input is re-
- ceived within the timeout, _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will use the shorter but
- complete key sequence. The value is specified in milliseconds,
- so a value of 1000 means that _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will wait one second for
- additional input. If this variable is set to a value less than
- or equal to zero, or to a non-numeric value, _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will wait
- until another key is pressed to decide which key sequence to
+ input to complete a longer key sequence). If no input is re-
+ ceived within the timeout, _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will use the shorter but
+ complete key sequence. The value is specified in milliseconds,
+ so a value of 1000 means that _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will wait one second for
+ additional input. If this variable is set to a value less than
+ or equal to zero, or to a non-numeric value, _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will wait
+ until another key is pressed to decide which key sequence to
complete.
m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
If set to O\bOn\bn, completed directory names have a slash appended.
m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-m\bmo\bod\bdi\bif\bfi\bie\bed\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\bes\bs (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, history lines that have been modified are dis-
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, history lines that have been modified are dis-
played with a preceding asterisk (*\b*).
m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-s\bsy\bym\bml\bli\bin\bnk\bke\bed\bd-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
If set to O\bOn\bn, completed names which are symbolic links to direc-
- tories have a slash appended (subject to the value of m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-d\bdi\bi-\b-
+ tories have a slash appended (subject to the value of m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-d\bdi\bi-\b-
r\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs).
m\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bid\bdd\bde\ben\bn-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\bes\bs (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
- This variable, when set to O\bOn\bn, causes readline to match files
- whose names begin with a `.' (hidden files) when performing
- filename completion. If set to O\bOf\bff\bf, the leading `.' must be
+ This variable, when set to O\bOn\bn, causes readline to match files
+ whose names begin with a `.' (hidden files) when performing
+ filename completion. If set to O\bOf\bff\bf, the leading `.' must be
supplied by the user in the filename to be completed.
m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-d\bdi\bis\bsp\bpl\bla\bay\by-\b-p\bpr\bre\bef\bfi\bix\bx (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, menu completion displays the common prefix of the
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, menu completion displays the common prefix of the
list of possible completions (which may be empty) before cycling
through the list.
o\bou\but\btp\bpu\but\bt-\b-m\bme\bet\bta\ba (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will display characters with the eighth
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will display characters with the eighth
bit set directly rather than as a meta-prefixed escape sequence.
The default is _\bO_\bf_\bf, but readline will set it to _\bO_\bn if the locale
contains eight-bit characters.
p\bpa\bag\bge\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(O\bOn\bn)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline uses an internal _\bm_\bo_\br_\be-like pager to dis-
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline uses an internal _\bm_\bo_\br_\be-like pager to dis-
play a screenful of possible completions at a time.
p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs-\b-h\bho\bor\bri\biz\bzo\bon\bnt\bta\bal\bll\bly\by (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will display completions with matches
- sorted horizontally in alphabetical order, rather than down the
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will display completions with matches
+ sorted horizontally in alphabetical order, rather than down the
screen.
r\bre\bev\bve\ber\brt\bt-\b-a\bal\bll\bl-\b-a\bat\bt-\b-n\bne\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will undo all changes to history lines
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, readline will undo all changes to history lines
before returning when a\bac\bcc\bce\bep\bpt\bt-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be is executed. By default, his-
- tory lines may be modified and retain individual undo lists
+ tory lines may be modified and retain individual undo lists
across calls to r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be.
s\bsh\bho\bow\bw-\b-a\bal\bll\bl-\b-i\bif\bf-\b-a\bam\bmb\bbi\big\bgu\buo\bou\bus\bs (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- This alters the default behavior of the completion functions.
+ This alters the default behavior of the completion functions.
If set to O\bOn\bn, words which have more than one possible completion
- cause the matches to be listed immediately instead of ringing
+ cause the matches to be listed immediately instead of ringing
the bell.
s\bsh\bho\bow\bw-\b-a\bal\bll\bl-\b-i\bif\bf-\b-u\bun\bnm\bmo\bod\bdi\bif\bfi\bie\bed\bd (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- This alters the default behavior of the completion functions in
+ This alters the default behavior of the completion functions in
a fashion similar to s\bsh\bho\bow\bw-\b-a\bal\bll\bl-\b-i\bif\bf-\b-a\bam\bmb\bbi\big\bgu\buo\bou\bus\bs. If set to O\bOn\bn, words
- which have more than one possible completion without any possi-
- ble partial completion (the possible completions don't share a
- common prefix) cause the matches to be listed immediately in-
+ which have more than one possible completion without any possi-
+ ble partial completion (the possible completions don't share a
+ common prefix) cause the matches to be listed immediately in-
stead of ringing the bell.
s\bsh\bho\bow\bw-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be-\b-i\bin\bn-\b-p\bpr\bro\bom\bmp\bpt\bt (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, add a string to the beginning of the prompt indi-
- cating the editing mode: emacs, vi command, or vi insertion.
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, add a string to the beginning of the prompt indi-
+ cating the editing mode: emacs, vi command, or vi insertion.
The mode strings are user-settable (e.g., _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bm_\bo_\bd_\be_\b-_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg).
s\bsk\bki\bip\bp-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\bed\bd-\b-t\bte\bex\bxt\bt (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, this alters the default completion behavior when
- inserting a single match into the line. It's only active when
- performing completion in the middle of a word. If enabled,
- readline does not insert characters from the completion that
- match characters after point in the word being completed, so
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, this alters the default completion behavior when
+ inserting a single match into the line. It's only active when
+ performing completion in the middle of a word. If enabled,
+ readline does not insert characters from the completion that
+ match characters after point in the word being completed, so
portions of the word following the cursor are not duplicated.
v\bvi\bi-\b-c\bcm\bmd\bd-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be-\b-s\bst\btr\bri\bin\bng\bg (\b((\b(c\bcm\bmd\bd)\b))\b)
- If the _\bs_\bh_\bo_\bw_\b-_\bm_\bo_\bd_\be_\b-_\bi_\bn_\b-_\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt variable is enabled, this string is
+ If the _\bs_\bh_\bo_\bw_\b-_\bm_\bo_\bd_\be_\b-_\bi_\bn_\b-_\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt variable is enabled, this string is
displayed immediately before the last line of the primary prompt
- when vi editing mode is active and in command mode. The value
+ when vi editing mode is active and in command mode. The value
is expanded like a key binding, so the standard set of meta- and
- control prefixes and backslash escape sequences is available.
- Use the \1 and \2 escapes to begin and end sequences of non-
- printing characters, which can be used to embed a terminal con-
+ control prefixes and backslash escape sequences is available.
+ Use the \1 and \2 escapes to begin and end sequences of non-
+ printing characters, which can be used to embed a terminal con-
trol sequence into the mode string.
v\bvi\bi-\b-i\bin\bns\bs-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be-\b-s\bst\btr\bri\bin\bng\bg (\b((\b(i\bin\bns\bs)\b))\b)
- If the _\bs_\bh_\bo_\bw_\b-_\bm_\bo_\bd_\be_\b-_\bi_\bn_\b-_\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt variable is enabled, this string is
+ If the _\bs_\bh_\bo_\bw_\b-_\bm_\bo_\bd_\be_\b-_\bi_\bn_\b-_\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt variable is enabled, this string is
displayed immediately before the last line of the primary prompt
when vi editing mode is active and in insertion mode. The value
is expanded like a key binding, so the standard set of meta- and
- control prefixes and backslash escape sequences is available.
- Use the \1 and \2 escapes to begin and end sequences of non-
- printing characters, which can be used to embed a terminal con-
+ control prefixes and backslash escape sequences is available.
+ Use the \1 and \2 escapes to begin and end sequences of non-
+ printing characters, which can be used to embed a terminal con-
trol sequence into the mode string.
v\bvi\bis\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-s\bst\bta\bat\bts\bs (\b(O\bOf\bff\bf)\b)
- If set to O\bOn\bn, a character denoting a file's type as reported by
- _\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt(2) is appended to the filename when listing possible com-
+ If set to O\bOn\bn, a character denoting a file's type as reported by
+ _\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt(2) is appended to the filename when listing possible com-
pletions.
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be C\bCo\bon\bnd\bdi\bit\bti\bio\bon\bna\bal\bl C\bCo\bon\bns\bst\btr\bru\buc\bct\bts\bs
- Readline implements a facility similar in spirit to the conditional
- compilation features of the C preprocessor which allows key bindings
- and variable settings to be performed as the result of tests. There
+ Readline implements a facility similar in spirit to the conditional
+ compilation features of the C preprocessor which allows key bindings
+ and variable settings to be performed as the result of tests. There
are four parser directives used.
- $\b$i\bif\bf The $\b$i\bif\bf construct allows bindings to be made based on the edit-
- ing mode, the terminal being used, or the application using
+ $\b$i\bif\bf The $\b$i\bif\bf construct allows bindings to be made based on the edit-
+ ing mode, the terminal being used, or the application using
readline. The text of the test, after any comparison operator,
- extends to the end of the line; unless otherwise noted, no
+ extends to the end of the line; unless otherwise noted, no
characters are required to isolate it.
- m\bmo\bod\bde\be The m\bmo\bod\bde\be=\b= form of the $\b$i\bif\bf directive is used to test
- whether readline is in emacs or vi mode. This may be
- used in conjunction with the s\bse\bet\bt k\bke\bey\bym\bma\bap\bp command, for in-
- stance, to set bindings in the _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd and
- _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx keymaps only if readline is starting out in
+ m\bmo\bod\bde\be The m\bmo\bod\bde\be=\b= form of the $\b$i\bif\bf directive is used to test
+ whether readline is in emacs or vi mode. This may be
+ used in conjunction with the s\bse\bet\bt k\bke\bey\bym\bma\bap\bp command, for in-
+ stance, to set bindings in the _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd and
+ _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx keymaps only if readline is starting out in
emacs mode.
- t\bte\ber\brm\bm The t\bte\ber\brm\bm=\b= form may be used to include terminal-specific
+ t\bte\ber\brm\bm The t\bte\ber\brm\bm=\b= form may be used to include terminal-specific
key bindings, perhaps to bind the key sequences output by
the terminal's function keys. The word on the right side
of the =\b= is tested against both the full name of the ter-
- minal and the portion of the terminal name before the
- first -\b-. This allows _\bs_\bu_\bn to match both _\bs_\bu_\bn and _\bs_\bu_\bn_\b-_\bc_\bm_\bd,
+ minal and the portion of the terminal name before the
+ first -\b-. This allows _\bs_\bu_\bn to match both _\bs_\bu_\bn and _\bs_\bu_\bn_\b-_\bc_\bm_\bd,
for instance.
v\bve\ber\brs\bsi\bio\bon\bn
- The v\bve\ber\brs\bsi\bio\bon\bn test may be used to perform comparisons
- against specific readline versions. The v\bve\ber\brs\bsi\bio\bon\bn expands
- to the current readline version. The set of comparison
- operators includes =\b=, (and =\b==\b=), !\b!=\b=, <\b<=\b=, >\b>=\b=, <\b<, and >\b>.
- The version number supplied on the right side of the op-
- erator consists of a major version number, an optional
+ The v\bve\ber\brs\bsi\bio\bon\bn test may be used to perform comparisons
+ against specific readline versions. The v\bve\ber\brs\bsi\bio\bon\bn expands
+ to the current readline version. The set of comparison
+ operators includes =\b=, (and =\b==\b=), !\b!=\b=, <\b<=\b=, >\b>=\b=, <\b<, and >\b>.
+ The version number supplied on the right side of the op-
+ erator consists of a major version number, an optional
decimal point, and an optional minor version (e.g., 7\b7.\b.1\b1).
- If the minor version is omitted, it is assumed to be 0\b0.
+ If the minor version is omitted, it is assumed to be 0\b0.
The operator may be separated from the string v\bve\ber\brs\bsi\bio\bon\bn and
from the version number argument by whitespace.
a\bap\bpp\bpl\bli\bic\bca\bat\bti\bio\bon\bn
The a\bap\bpp\bpl\bli\bic\bca\bat\bti\bio\bon\bn construct is used to include application-
- specific settings. Each program using the readline li-
- brary sets the _\ba_\bp_\bp_\bl_\bi_\bc_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and an initialization
+ specific settings. Each program using the readline li-
+ brary sets the _\ba_\bp_\bp_\bl_\bi_\bc_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and an initialization
file can test for a particular value. This could be used
- to bind key sequences to functions useful for a specific
- program. For instance, the following command adds a key
- sequence that quotes the current or previous word in
+ to bind key sequences to functions useful for a specific
+ program. For instance, the following command adds a key
+ sequence that quotes the current or previous word in
b\bba\bas\bsh\bh:
$\b$i\bif\bf Bash
_\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be
The _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be construct provides simple equality tests for
- readline variables and values. The permitted comparison
- operators are _\b=, _\b=_\b=, and _\b!_\b=. The variable name must be
+ readline variables and values. The permitted comparison
+ operators are _\b=, _\b=_\b=, and _\b!_\b=. The variable name must be
separated from the comparison operator by whitespace; the
- operator may be separated from the value on the right
- hand side by whitespace. Both string and boolean vari-
- ables may be tested. Boolean variables must be tested
+ operator may be separated from the value on the right
+ hand side by whitespace. Both string and boolean vari-
+ ables may be tested. Boolean variables must be tested
against the values _\bo_\bn and _\bo_\bf_\bf.
$\b$e\ben\bnd\bdi\bif\bf This command, as seen in the previous example, terminates an $\b$i\bif\bf
test fails.
$\b$i\bin\bnc\bcl\blu\bud\bde\be
- This directive takes a single filename as an argument and reads
- commands and bindings from that file. For example, the follow-
+ This directive takes a single filename as an argument and reads
+ commands and bindings from that file. For example, the follow-
ing directive would read _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc:
$\b$i\bin\bnc\bcl\blu\bud\bde\be _\b/_\be_\bt_\bc_\b/_\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc
S\bSe\bea\bar\brc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg
- Readline provides commands for searching through the command history
+ Readline provides commands for searching through the command history
(see H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY below) for lines containing a specified string. There are
two search modes: _\bi_\bn_\bc_\br_\be_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\ba_\bl and _\bn_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bi_\bn_\bc_\br_\be_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\ba_\bl.
- Incremental searches begin before the user has finished typing the
- search string. As each character of the search string is typed, read-
+ Incremental searches begin before the user has finished typing the
+ search string. As each character of the search string is typed, read-
line displays the next entry from the history matching the string typed
- so far. An incremental search requires only as many characters as
- needed to find the desired history entry. The characters present in
- the value of the i\bis\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-t\bte\ber\brm\bmi\bin\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs variable are used to terminate an
+ so far. An incremental search requires only as many characters as
+ needed to find the desired history entry. The characters present in
+ the value of the i\bis\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-t\bte\ber\brm\bmi\bin\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs variable are used to terminate an
incremental search. If that variable has not been assigned a value the
- Escape and Control-J characters will terminate an incremental search.
- Control-G will abort an incremental search and restore the original
- line. When the search is terminated, the history entry containing the
+ Escape and Control-J characters will terminate an incremental search.
+ Control-G will abort an incremental search and restore the original
+ line. When the search is terminated, the history entry containing the
search string becomes the current line.
- To find other matching entries in the history list, type Control-S or
- Control-R as appropriate. This will search backward or forward in the
- history for the next entry matching the search string typed so far.
- Any other key sequence bound to a readline command will terminate the
- search and execute that command. For instance, a _\bn_\be_\bw_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will termi-
+ To find other matching entries in the history list, type Control-S or
+ Control-R as appropriate. This will search backward or forward in the
+ history for the next entry matching the search string typed so far.
+ Any other key sequence bound to a readline command will terminate the
+ search and execute that command. For instance, a _\bn_\be_\bw_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be will termi-
nate the search and accept the line, thereby executing the command from
the history list.
Readline remembers the last incremental search string. If two Control-
- Rs are typed without any intervening characters defining a new search
+ Rs are typed without any intervening characters defining a new search
string, any remembered search string is used.
- Non-incremental searches read the entire search string before starting
- to search for matching history lines. The search string may be typed
+ Non-incremental searches read the entire search string before starting
+ to search for matching history lines. The search string may be typed
by the user or be part of the contents of the current line.
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd N\bNa\bam\bme\bes\bs
- The following is a list of the names of the commands and the default
+ The following is a list of the names of the commands and the default
key sequences to which they are bound. Command names without an accom-
panying key sequence are unbound by default. In the following descrip-
- tions, _\bp_\bo_\bi_\bn_\bt refers to the current cursor position, and _\bm_\ba_\br_\bk refers to
- a cursor position saved by the s\bse\bet\bt-\b-m\bma\bar\brk\bk command. The text between the
+ tions, _\bp_\bo_\bi_\bn_\bt refers to the current cursor position, and _\bm_\ba_\br_\bk refers to
+ a cursor position saved by the s\bse\bet\bt-\b-m\bma\bar\brk\bk command. The text between the
point and mark is referred to as the _\br_\be_\bg_\bi_\bo_\bn.
C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs f\bfo\bor\br M\bMo\bov\bvi\bin\bng\bg
Move forward to the end of the next word. Words are composed of
alphanumeric characters (letters and digits).
b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-b\bb)\b)
- Move back to the start of the current or previous word. Words
+ Move back to the start of the current or previous word. Words
are composed of alphanumeric characters (letters and digits).
s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd
- Move forward to the end of the next word. Words are delimited
+ Move forward to the end of the next word. Words are delimited
by non-quoted shell metacharacters.
s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd
- Move back to the start of the current or previous word. Words
+ Move back to the start of the current or previous word. Words
are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharacters.
p\bpr\bre\bev\bvi\bio\bou\bus\bs-\b-s\bsc\bcr\bre\bee\ben\bn-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be
- Attempt to move point to the same physical screen column on the
- previous physical screen line. This will not have the desired
- effect if the current Readline line does not take up more than
- one physical line or if point is not greater than the length of
+ Attempt to move point to the same physical screen column on the
+ previous physical screen line. This will not have the desired
+ effect if the current Readline line does not take up more than
+ one physical line or if point is not greater than the length of
the prompt plus the screen width.
n\bne\bex\bxt\bt-\b-s\bsc\bcr\bre\bee\ben\bn-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be
- Attempt to move point to the same physical screen column on the
+ Attempt to move point to the same physical screen column on the
next physical screen line. This will not have the desired effect
- if the current Readline line does not take up more than one
- physical line or if the length of the current Readline line is
+ if the current Readline line does not take up more than one
+ physical line or if the length of the current Readline line is
not greater than the length of the prompt plus the screen width.
c\bcl\ble\bea\bar\br-\b-d\bdi\bis\bsp\bpl\bla\bay\by (\b(M\bM-\b-C\bC-\b-l\bl)\b)
- Clear the screen and, if possible, the terminal's scrollback
- buffer, then redraw the current line, leaving the current line
+ Clear the screen and, if possible, the terminal's scrollback
+ buffer, then redraw the current line, leaving the current line
at the top of the screen.
c\bcl\ble\bea\bar\br-\b-s\bsc\bcr\bre\bee\ben\bn (\b(C\bC-\b-l\bl)\b)
Clear the screen, then redraw the current line, leaving the cur-
- rent line at the top of the screen. With an argument, refresh
+ rent line at the top of the screen. With an argument, refresh
the current line without clearing the screen.
r\bre\bed\bdr\bra\baw\bw-\b-c\bcu\bur\brr\bre\ben\bnt\bt-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be
Refresh the current line.
C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs f\bfo\bor\br M\bMa\ban\bni\bip\bpu\bul\bla\bat\bti\bin\bng\bg t\bth\bhe\be H\bHi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by
a\bac\bcc\bce\bep\bpt\bt-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(N\bNe\bew\bwl\bli\bin\bne\be,\b, R\bRe\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn)\b)
Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is. If this line
- is non-empty, add it to the history list according to the state
- of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL variable. If the line is a modified history
+ is non-empty, add it to the history list according to the state
+ of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL variable. If the line is a modified history
line, then restore the history line to its original state.
p\bpr\bre\bev\bvi\bio\bou\bus\bs-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(C\bC-\b-p\bp)\b)
Fetch the previous command from the history list, moving back in
the list.
n\bne\bex\bxt\bt-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(C\bC-\b-n\bn)\b)
- Fetch the next command from the history list, moving forward in
+ Fetch the next command from the history list, moving forward in
the list.
b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bnn\bni\bin\bng\bg-\b-o\bof\bf-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b-<\b<)\b)
Move to the first line in the history.
e\ben\bnd\bd-\b-o\bof\bf-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b->\b>)\b)
- Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently
+ Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently
being entered.
o\bop\bpe\ber\bra\bat\bte\be-\b-a\ban\bnd\bd-\b-g\bge\bet\bt-\b-n\bne\bex\bxt\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-o\bo)\b)
- Accept the current line for execution and fetch the next line
- relative to the current line from the history for editing. A
- numeric argument, if supplied, specifies the history entry to
+ Accept the current line for execution and fetch the next line
+ relative to the current line from the history for editing. A
+ numeric argument, if supplied, specifies the history entry to
use instead of the current line.
f\bfe\bet\btc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by
- With a numeric argument, fetch that entry from the history list
+ With a numeric argument, fetch that entry from the history list
and make it the current line. Without an argument, move back to
the first entry in the history list.
r\bre\bev\bve\ber\brs\bse\be-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(C\bC-\b-r\br)\b)
- Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up'
- through the history as necessary. This is an incremental
+ Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up'
+ through the history as necessary. This is an incremental
search.
f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(C\bC-\b-s\bs)\b)
- Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down'
- through the history as necessary. This is an incremental
+ Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down'
+ through the history as necessary. This is an incremental
search.
n\bno\bon\bn-\b-i\bin\bnc\bcr\bre\bem\bme\ben\bnt\bta\bal\bl-\b-r\bre\bev\bve\ber\brs\bse\be-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b-p\bp)\b)
Search backward through the history starting at the current line
- using a non-incremental search for a string supplied by the
+ using a non-incremental search for a string supplied by the
user.
n\bno\bon\bn-\b-i\bin\bnc\bcr\bre\bem\bme\ben\bnt\bta\bal\bl-\b-f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b-n\bn)\b)
- Search forward through the history using a non-incremental
+ Search forward through the history using a non-incremental
search for a string supplied by the user.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd
- Search forward through the history for the string of characters
- between the start of the current line and the point. This is a
+ Search forward through the history for the string of characters
+ between the start of the current line and the point. This is a
non-incremental search.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd
Search backward through the history for the string of characters
- between the start of the current line and the point. This is a
+ between the start of the current line and the point. This is a
non-incremental search.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-s\bsu\bub\bbs\bst\btr\bri\bin\bng\bg-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd
Search backward through the history for the string of characters
between the start of the current line and the current cursor po-
- sition (the _\bp_\bo_\bi_\bn_\bt). The search string may match anywhere in a
+ sition (the _\bp_\bo_\bi_\bn_\bt). The search string may match anywhere in a
history line. This is a non-incremental search.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-s\bsu\bub\bbs\bst\btr\bri\bin\bng\bg-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd
- Search forward through the history for the string of characters
+ Search forward through the history for the string of characters
between the start of the current line and the point. The search
- string may match anywhere in a history line. This is a non-in-
+ string may match anywhere in a history line. This is a non-in-
cremental search.
y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-n\bnt\bth\bh-\b-a\bar\brg\bg (\b(M\bM-\b-C\bC-\b-y\by)\b)
- Insert the first argument to the previous command (usually the
+ Insert the first argument to the previous command (usually the
second word on the previous line) at point. With an argument _\bn,
- insert the _\bnth word from the previous command (the words in the
- previous command begin with word 0). A negative argument in-
- serts the _\bnth word from the end of the previous command. Once
- the argument _\bn is computed, the argument is extracted as if the
+ insert the _\bnth word from the previous command (the words in the
+ previous command begin with word 0). A negative argument in-
+ serts the _\bnth word from the end of the previous command. Once
+ the argument _\bn is computed, the argument is extracted as if the
"!_\bn" history expansion had been specified.
y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bg (\b(M\bM-\b-.\b.,\b, M\bM-\b-_\b_)\b)
- Insert the last argument to the previous command (the last word
+ Insert the last argument to the previous command (the last word
of the previous history entry). With a numeric argument, behave
- exactly like y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-n\bnt\bth\bh-\b-a\bar\brg\bg. Successive calls to y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bg
- move back through the history list, inserting the last word (or
- the word specified by the argument to the first call) of each
+ exactly like y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-n\bnt\bth\bh-\b-a\bar\brg\bg. Successive calls to y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bg
+ move back through the history list, inserting the last word (or
+ the word specified by the argument to the first call) of each
line in turn. Any numeric argument supplied to these successive
- calls determines the direction to move through the history. A
- negative argument switches the direction through the history
+ calls determines the direction to move through the history. A
+ negative argument switches the direction through the history
(back or forward). The history expansion facilities are used to
extract the last word, as if the "!$" history expansion had been
specified.
tory expansion as well as all of the shell word expansions. See
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below for a description of history expansion.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(M\bM-\b-^\b^)\b)
- Perform history expansion on the current line. See H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bX-\b-
+ Perform history expansion on the current line. See H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bX-\b-
P\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below for a description of history expansion.
m\bma\bag\bgi\bic\bc-\b-s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be
- Perform history expansion on the current line and insert a
+ Perform history expansion on the current line and insert a
space. See H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN below for a description of history
expansion.
a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be
- Perform alias expansion on the current line. See A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS above
+ Perform alias expansion on the current line. See A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS above
for a description of alias expansion.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by-\b-a\ban\bnd\bd-\b-a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be
Perform history and alias expansion on the current line.
i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt (\b(M\bM-\b-.\b.,\b, M\bM-\b-_\b_)\b)
A synonym for y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bg.
e\bed\bdi\bit\bt-\b-a\ban\bnd\bd-\b-e\bex\bxe\bec\bcu\but\bte\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx C\bC-\b-e\be)\b)
- Invoke an editor on the current command line, and execute the
+ Invoke an editor on the current command line, and execute the
result as shell commands. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh attempts to invoke $\b$V\bVI\bIS\bSU\bUA\bAL\bL, $\b$E\bED\bD-\b-
I\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR, and _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs as the editor, in that order.
C\bCo\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bds\bs f\bfo\bor\br C\bCh\bha\ban\bng\bgi\bin\bng\bg T\bTe\bex\bxt\bt
_\be_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bo_\bf_\b-_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be (\b(u\bus\bsu\bua\bal\bll\bly\by C\bC-\b-d\bd)\b)
- The character indicating end-of-file as set, for example, by
- ``stty''. If this character is read when there are no charac-
- ters on the line, and point is at the beginning of the line,
+ The character indicating end-of-file as set, for example, by
+ ``stty''. If this character is read when there are no charac-
+ ters on the line, and point is at the beginning of the line,
Readline interprets it as the end of input and returns E\bEO\bOF\bF.
d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br (\b(C\bC-\b-d\bd)\b)
Delete the character at point. If this function is bound to the
same character as the tty E\bEO\bOF\bF character, as C\bC-\b-d\bd commonly is, see
above for the effects.
b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br (\b(R\bRu\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt)\b)
- Delete the character behind the cursor. When given a numeric
+ Delete the character behind the cursor. When given a numeric
argument, save the deleted text on the kill ring.
f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br
- Delete the character under the cursor, unless the cursor is at
+ Delete the character under the cursor, unless the cursor is at
the end of the line, in which case the character behind the cur-
sor is deleted.
q\bqu\buo\bot\bte\bed\bd-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-q\bq,\b, C\bC-\b-v\bv)\b)
- Add the next character typed to the line verbatim. This is how
+ Add the next character typed to the line verbatim. This is how
to insert characters like C\bC-\b-q\bq, for example.
t\bta\bab\bb-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-v\bv T\bTA\bAB\bB)\b)
Insert a tab character.
s\bse\bel\blf\bf-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt (\b(a\ba,\b, b\bb,\b, A\bA,\b, 1\b1,\b, !\b!,\b, .\b..\b..\b.)\b)
Insert the character typed.
t\btr\bra\ban\bns\bsp\bpo\bos\bse\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\brs\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-t\bt)\b)
- Drag the character before point forward over the character at
- point, moving point forward as well. If point is at the end of
- the line, then this transposes the two characters before point.
+ Drag the character before point forward over the character at
+ point, moving point forward as well. If point is at the end of
+ the line, then this transposes the two characters before point.
Negative arguments have no effect.
t\btr\bra\ban\bns\bsp\bpo\bos\bse\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bds\bs (\b(M\bM-\b-t\bt)\b)
- Drag the word before point past the word after point, moving
- point over that word as well. If point is at the end of the
+ Drag the word before point past the word after point, moving
+ point over that word as well. If point is at the end of the
line, this transposes the last two words on the line.
u\bup\bpc\bca\bas\bse\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-u\bu)\b)
- Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative ar-
+ Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative ar-
gument, uppercase the previous word, but do not move point.
d\bdo\bow\bwn\bnc\bca\bas\bse\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-l\bl)\b)
- Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a negative ar-
+ Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a negative ar-
gument, lowercase the previous word, but do not move point.
c\bca\bap\bpi\bit\bta\bal\bli\biz\bze\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-c\bc)\b)
Capitalize the current (or following) word. With a negative ar-
gument, capitalize the previous word, but do not move point.
o\bov\bve\ber\brw\bwr\bri\bit\bte\be-\b-m\bmo\bod\bde\be
- Toggle overwrite mode. With an explicit positive numeric argu-
+ Toggle overwrite mode. With an explicit positive numeric argu-
ment, switches to overwrite mode. With an explicit non-positive
numeric argument, switches to insert mode. This command affects
- only e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs mode; v\bvi\bi mode does overwrite differently. Each call
+ only e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs mode; v\bvi\bi mode does overwrite differently. Each call
to _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be_\b(_\b) starts in insert mode. In overwrite mode, charac-
- ters bound to s\bse\bel\blf\bf-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt replace the text at point rather than
- pushing the text to the right. Characters bound to b\bba\bac\bck\bk-\b-
- w\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br replace the character before point with a
+ ters bound to s\bse\bel\blf\bf-\b-i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt replace the text at point rather than
+ pushing the text to the right. Characters bound to b\bba\bac\bck\bk-\b-
+ w\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br replace the character before point with a
space. By default, this command is unbound.
K\bKi\bil\bll\bli\bin\bng\bg a\ban\bnd\bd Y\bYa\ban\bnk\bki\bin\bng\bg
b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx R\bRu\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt)\b)
Kill backward to the beginning of the line.
u\bun\bni\bix\bx-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be-\b-d\bdi\bis\bsc\bca\bar\brd\bd (\b(C\bC-\b-u\bu)\b)
- Kill backward from point to the beginning of the line. The
+ Kill backward from point to the beginning of the line. The
killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwh\bho\bol\ble\be-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be
- Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point
+ Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point
is.
k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-d\bd)\b)
- Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
- words, to the end of the next word. Word boundaries are the
+ Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
+ words, to the end of the next word. Word boundaries are the
same as those used by f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.
b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-R\bRu\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt)\b)
- Kill the word behind point. Word boundaries are the same as
+ Kill the word behind point. Word boundaries are the same as
those used by b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.
s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd
- Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
- words, to the end of the next word. Word boundaries are the
+ Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
+ words, to the end of the next word. Word boundaries are the
same as those used by s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.
s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd
- Kill the word behind point. Word boundaries are the same as
+ Kill the word behind point. Word boundaries are the same as
those used by s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.
u\bun\bni\bix\bx-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd-\b-r\bru\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-w\bw)\b)
- Kill the word behind point, using white space as a word bound-
+ Kill the word behind point, using white space as a word bound-
ary. The killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
u\bun\bni\bix\bx-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\ben\bna\bam\bme\be-\b-r\bru\bub\bbo\bou\but\bt
- Kill the word behind point, using white space and the slash
- character as the word boundaries. The killed text is saved on
+ Kill the word behind point, using white space and the slash
+ character as the word boundaries. The killed text is saved on
the kill-ring.
d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-h\bho\bor\bri\biz\bzo\bon\bnt\bta\bal\bl-\b-s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be (\b(M\bM-\b-\\b\)\b)
Delete all spaces and tabs around point.
c\bco\bop\bpy\by-\b-r\bre\beg\bgi\bio\bon\bn-\b-a\bas\bs-\b-k\bki\bil\bll\bl
Copy the text in the region to the kill buffer.
c\bco\bop\bpy\by-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd
- Copy the word before point to the kill buffer. The word bound-
+ Copy the word before point to the kill buffer. The word bound-
aries are the same as b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.
c\bco\bop\bpy\by-\b-f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd
- Copy the word following point to the kill buffer. The word
+ Copy the word following point to the kill buffer. The word
boundaries are the same as f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.
y\bya\ban\bnk\bk (\b(C\bC-\b-y\by)\b)
Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at point.
y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-p\bpo\bop\bp (\b(M\bM-\b-y\by)\b)
- Rotate the kill ring, and yank the new top. Only works follow-
+ Rotate the kill ring, and yank the new top. Only works follow-
ing y\bya\ban\bnk\bk or y\bya\ban\bnk\bk-\b-p\bpo\bop\bp.
N\bNu\bum\bme\ber\bri\bic\bc A\bAr\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs
d\bdi\big\bgi\bit\bt-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt (\b(M\bM-\b-0\b0,\b, M\bM-\b-1\b1,\b, .\b..\b..\b.,\b, M\bM-\b--\b-)\b)
- Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a
+ Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a
new argument. M-- starts a negative argument.
u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt
- This is another way to specify an argument. If this command is
- followed by one or more digits, optionally with a leading minus
- sign, those digits define the argument. If the command is fol-
+ This is another way to specify an argument. If this command is
+ followed by one or more digits, optionally with a leading minus
+ sign, those digits define the argument. If the command is fol-
lowed by digits, executing u\bun\bni\biv\bve\ber\brs\bsa\bal\bl-\b-a\bar\brg\bgu\bum\bme\ben\bnt\bt again ends the nu-
meric argument, but is otherwise ignored. As a special case, if
this command is immediately followed by a character that is nei-
- ther a digit nor minus sign, the argument count for the next
- command is multiplied by four. The argument count is initially
- one, so executing this function the first time makes the argu-
+ ther a digit nor minus sign, the argument count for the next
+ command is multiplied by four. The argument count is initially
+ one, so executing this function the first time makes the argu-
ment count four, a second time makes the argument count sixteen,
and so on.
C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be (\b(T\bTA\bAB\bB)\b)
- Attempt to perform completion on the text before point. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh
+ Attempt to perform completion on the text before point. B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh
attempts completion treating the text as a variable (if the text
- begins with $\b$), username (if the text begins with ~\b~), hostname
- (if the text begins with @\b@), or command (including aliases and
+ begins with $\b$), username (if the text begins with ~\b~), hostname
+ (if the text begins with @\b@), or command (including aliases and
functions) in turn. If none of these produces a match, filename
completion is attempted.
p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(M\bM-\b-?\b?)\b)
List the possible completions of the text before point.
i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(M\bM-\b-*\b*)\b)
- Insert all completions of the text before point that would have
+ Insert all completions of the text before point that would have
been generated by p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs.
m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be
- Similar to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be, but replaces the word to be completed with
- a single match from the list of possible completions. Repeated
- execution of m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be steps through the list of possible
- completions, inserting each match in turn. At the end of the
+ Similar to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be, but replaces the word to be completed with
+ a single match from the list of possible completions. Repeated
+ execution of m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be steps through the list of possible
+ completions, inserting each match in turn. At the end of the
list of completions, the bell is rung (subject to the setting of
b\bbe\bel\bll\bl-\b-s\bst\bty\byl\ble\be) and the original text is restored. An argument of _\bn
moves _\bn positions forward in the list of matches; a negative ar-
gument may be used to move backward through the list. This com-
mand is intended to be bound to T\bTA\bAB\bB, but is unbound by default.
m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd
- Identical to m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be, but moves backward through the list
- of possible completions, as if m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be had been given a
+ Identical to m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be, but moves backward through the list
+ of possible completions, as if m\bme\ben\bnu\bu-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be had been given a
negative argument. This command is unbound by default.
d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br-\b-o\bor\br-\b-l\bli\bis\bst\bt
- Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning
- or end of the line (like d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br). If at the end of the
+ Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning
+ or end of the line (like d\bde\bel\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bch\bha\bar\br). If at the end of the
line, behaves identically to p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs. This command
is unbound by default.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\ben\bna\bam\bme\be (\b(M\bM-\b-/\b/)\b)
List the possible completions of the text before point, treating
it as a filename.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-u\bus\bse\ber\brn\bna\bam\bme\be (\b(M\bM-\b-~\b~)\b)
- Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
+ Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
username.
p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-u\bus\bse\ber\brn\bna\bam\bme\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx ~\b~)\b)
List the possible completions of the text before point, treating
it as a username.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-v\bva\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\be (\b(M\bM-\b-$\b$)\b)
- Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
+ Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
shell variable.
p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-v\bva\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx $\b$)\b)
List the possible completions of the text before point, treating
it as a shell variable.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-h\bho\bos\bst\btn\bna\bam\bme\be (\b(M\bM-\b-@\b@)\b)
- Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
+ Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
hostname.
p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-h\bho\bos\bst\btn\bna\bam\bme\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx @\b@)\b)
List the possible completions of the text before point, treating
it as a hostname.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-!\b!)\b)
- Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
- command name. Command completion attempts to match the text
- against aliases, reserved words, shell functions, shell
+ Attempt completion on the text before point, treating it as a
+ command name. Command completion attempts to match the text
+ against aliases, reserved words, shell functions, shell
builtins, and finally executable filenames, in that order.
p\bpo\bos\bss\bsi\bib\bbl\ble\be-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx !\b!)\b)
List the possible completions of the text before point, treating
it as a command name.
d\bdy\byn\bna\bam\bmi\bic\bc-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by (\b(M\bM-\b-T\bTA\bAB\bB)\b)
- Attempt completion on the text before point, comparing the text
- against lines from the history list for possible completion
+ Attempt completion on the text before point, comparing the text
+ against lines from the history list for possible completion
matches.
d\bda\bab\bbb\bbr\bre\bev\bv-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd
- Attempt menu completion on the text before point, comparing the
+ Attempt menu completion on the text before point, comparing the
text against lines from the history list for possible completion
matches.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-i\bin\bnt\bto\bo-\b-b\bbr\bra\bac\bce\bes\bs (\b(M\bM-\b-{\b{)\b)
Perform filename completion and insert the list of possible com-
- pletions enclosed within braces so the list is available to the
+ pletions enclosed within braces so the list is available to the
shell (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above).
K\bKe\bey\byb\bbo\boa\bar\brd\bd M\bMa\bac\bcr\bro\bos\bs
s\bst\bta\bar\brt\bt-\b-k\bkb\bbd\bd-\b-m\bma\bac\bcr\bro\bo (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx (\b()\b)
- Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard
+ Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard
macro.
e\ben\bnd\bd-\b-k\bkb\bbd\bd-\b-m\bma\bac\bcr\bro\bo (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx )\b))\b)
Stop saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro
and store the definition.
c\bca\bal\bll\bl-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-k\bkb\bbd\bd-\b-m\bma\bac\bcr\bro\bo (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx e\be)\b)
- Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the char-
+ Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the char-
acters in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard.
p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\bt-\b-l\bla\bas\bst\bt-\b-k\bkb\bbd\bd-\b-m\bma\bac\bcr\bro\bo (\b()\b)
- Print the last keyboard macro defined in a format suitable for
+ Print the last keyboard macro defined in a format suitable for
the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file.
M\bMi\bis\bsc\bce\bel\bll\bla\ban\bne\beo\bou\bus\bs
r\bre\be-\b-r\bre\bea\bad\bd-\b-i\bin\bni\bit\bt-\b-f\bfi\bil\ble\be (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx C\bC-\b-r\br)\b)
- Read in the contents of the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file, and incorporate any
+ Read in the contents of the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file, and incorporate any
bindings or variable assignments found there.
a\bab\bbo\bor\brt\bt (\b(C\bC-\b-g\bg)\b)
- Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal's bell
+ Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal's bell
(subject to the setting of b\bbe\bel\bll\bl-\b-s\bst\bty\byl\ble\be).
d\bdo\bo-\b-l\blo\bow\bwe\ber\brc\bca\bas\bse\be-\b-v\bve\ber\brs\bsi\bio\bon\bn (\b(M\bM-\b-A\bA,\b, M\bM-\b-B\bB,\b, M\bM-\b-_\bx,\b, .\b..\b..\b.)\b)
- If the metafied character _\bx is uppercase, run the command that
+ If the metafied character _\bx is uppercase, run the command that
is bound to the corresponding metafied lowercase character. The
behavior is undefined if _\bx is already lowercase.
p\bpr\bre\bef\bfi\bix\bx-\b-m\bme\bet\bta\ba (\b(E\bES\bSC\bC)\b)
u\bun\bnd\bdo\bo (\b(C\bC-\b-_\b_,\b, C\bC-\b-x\bx C\bC-\b-u\bu)\b)
Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.
r\bre\bev\bve\ber\brt\bt-\b-l\bli\bin\bne\be (\b(M\bM-\b-r\br)\b)
- Undo all changes made to this line. This is like executing the
- u\bun\bnd\bdo\bo command enough times to return the line to its initial
+ Undo all changes made to this line. This is like executing the
+ u\bun\bnd\bdo\bo command enough times to return the line to its initial
state.
t\bti\bil\bld\bde\be-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-&\b&)\b)
Perform tilde expansion on the current word.
s\bse\bet\bt-\b-m\bma\bar\brk\bk (\b(C\bC-\b-@\b@,\b, M\bM-\b-<\b<s\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be>\b>)\b)
- Set the mark to the point. If a numeric argument is supplied,
+ Set the mark to the point. If a numeric argument is supplied,
the mark is set to that position.
e\bex\bxc\bch\bha\ban\bng\bge\be-\b-p\bpo\boi\bin\bnt\bt-\b-a\ban\bnd\bd-\b-m\bma\bar\brk\bk (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx C\bC-\b-x\bx)\b)
- Swap the point with the mark. The current cursor position is
- set to the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved
+ Swap the point with the mark. The current cursor position is
+ set to the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved
as the mark.
c\bch\bha\bar\bra\bac\bct\bte\ber\br-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh (\b(C\bC-\b-]\b])\b)
A character is read and point is moved to the next occurrence of
- that character. A negative count searches for previous occur-
+ that character. A negative count searches for previous occur-
rences.
c\bch\bha\bar\bra\bac\bct\bte\ber\br-\b-s\bse\bea\bar\brc\bch\bh-\b-b\bba\bac\bck\bkw\bwa\bar\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-C\bC-\b-]\b])\b)
- A character is read and point is moved to the previous occur-
- rence of that character. A negative count searches for subse-
+ A character is read and point is moved to the previous occur-
+ rence of that character. A negative count searches for subse-
quent occurrences.
s\bsk\bki\bip\bp-\b-c\bcs\bsi\bi-\b-s\bse\beq\bqu\bue\ben\bnc\bce\be
- Read enough characters to consume a multi-key sequence such as
- those defined for keys like Home and End. Such sequences begin
+ Read enough characters to consume a multi-key sequence such as
+ those defined for keys like Home and End. Such sequences begin
with a Control Sequence Indicator (CSI), usually ESC-[. If this
- sequence is bound to "\[", keys producing such sequences will
- have no effect unless explicitly bound to a readline command,
- instead of inserting stray characters into the editing buffer.
+ sequence is bound to "\[", keys producing such sequences will
+ have no effect unless explicitly bound to a readline command,
+ instead of inserting stray characters into the editing buffer.
This is unbound by default, but usually bound to ESC-[.
i\bin\bns\bse\ber\brt\bt-\b-c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt (\b(M\bM-\b-#\b#)\b)
- Without a numeric argument, the value of the readline c\bco\bom\bm-\b-
- m\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn variable is inserted at the beginning of the current
+ Without a numeric argument, the value of the readline c\bco\bom\bm-\b-
+ m\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn variable is inserted at the beginning of the current
line. If a numeric argument is supplied, this command acts as a
- toggle: if the characters at the beginning of the line do not
- match the value of c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn, the value is inserted, other-
+ toggle: if the characters at the beginning of the line do not
+ match the value of c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn, the value is inserted, other-
wise the characters in c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn are deleted from the begin-
- ning of the line. In either case, the line is accepted as if a
- newline had been typed. The default value of c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn
- causes this command to make the current line a shell comment.
- If a numeric argument causes the comment character to be re-
+ ning of the line. In either case, the line is accepted as if a
+ newline had been typed. The default value of c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn
+ causes this command to make the current line a shell comment.
+ If a numeric argument causes the comment character to be re-
moved, the line will be executed by the shell.
s\bsp\bpe\bel\bll\bl-\b-c\bco\bor\brr\bre\bec\bct\bt-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx s\bs)\b)
- Perform spelling correction on the current word, treating it as
- a directory or filename, in the same way as the c\bcd\bds\bsp\bpe\bel\bll\bl shell
- option. Word boundaries are the same as those used by
+ Perform spelling correction on the current word, treating it as
+ a directory or filename, in the same way as the c\bcd\bds\bsp\bpe\bel\bll\bl shell
+ option. Word boundaries are the same as those used by
s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-f\bfo\bor\brw\bwa\bar\brd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd.
g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(M\bM-\b-g\bg)\b)
- The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname ex-
- pansion, with an asterisk implicitly appended. This pattern is
- used to generate a list of matching filenames for possible com-
+ The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname ex-
+ pansion, with an asterisk implicitly appended. This pattern is
+ used to generate a list of matching filenames for possible com-
pletions.
g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx *\b*)\b)
- The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname ex-
+ The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname ex-
pansion, and the list of matching filenames is inserted, replac-
ing the word. If a numeric argument is supplied, an asterisk is
appended before pathname expansion.
g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-l\bli\bis\bst\bt-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bns\bs (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx g\bg)\b)
- The list of expansions that would have been generated by
- g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd is displayed, and the line is redrawn. If a
- numeric argument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before
+ The list of expansions that would have been generated by
+ g\bgl\blo\bob\bb-\b-e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd-\b-w\bwo\bor\brd\bd is displayed, and the line is redrawn. If a
+ numeric argument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before
pathname expansion.
d\bdu\bum\bmp\bp-\b-f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs
- Print all of the functions and their key bindings to the read-
+ Print all of the functions and their key bindings to the read-
line output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied, the out-
- put is formatted in such a way that it can be made part of an
+ put is formatted in such a way that it can be made part of an
_\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file.
d\bdu\bum\bmp\bp-\b-v\bva\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs
Print all of the settable readline variables and their values to
- the readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied,
- the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
+ the readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied,
+ the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
of an _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file.
d\bdu\bum\bmp\bp-\b-m\bma\bac\bcr\bro\bos\bs
- Print all of the readline key sequences bound to macros and the
- strings they output. If a numeric argument is supplied, the
+ Print all of the readline key sequences bound to macros and the
+ strings they output. If a numeric argument is supplied, the
output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part of an
_\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file.
d\bdi\bis\bsp\bpl\bla\bay\by-\b-s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl-\b-v\bve\ber\brs\bsi\bio\bon\bn (\b(C\bC-\b-x\bx C\bC-\b-v\bv)\b)
Display version information about the current instance of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh.
P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bmm\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
- When word completion is attempted for an argument to a command for
- which a completion specification (a _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) has been defined using
- the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be builtin (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below), the program-
+ When word completion is attempted for an argument to a command for
+ which a completion specification (a _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) has been defined using
+ the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be builtin (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below), the program-
mable completion facilities are invoked.
- First, the command name is identified. If the command word is the
- empty string (completion attempted at the beginning of an empty line),
- any compspec defined with the -\b-E\bE option to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be is used. If a
- compspec has been defined for that command, the compspec is used to
+ First, the command name is identified. If the command word is the
+ empty string (completion attempted at the beginning of an empty line),
+ any compspec defined with the -\b-E\bE option to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be is used. If a
+ compspec has been defined for that command, the compspec is used to
generate the list of possible completions for the word. If the command
- word is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is searched
- for first. If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an attempt
- is made to find a compspec for the portion following the final slash.
- If those searches do not result in a compspec, any compspec defined
- with the -\b-D\bD option to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be is used as the default. If there is no
- default compspec, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts alias expansion on the command word as
- a final resort, and attempts to find a compspec for the command word
+ word is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is searched
+ for first. If no compspec is found for the full pathname, an attempt
+ is made to find a compspec for the portion following the final slash.
+ If those searches do not result in a compspec, any compspec defined
+ with the -\b-D\bD option to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be is used as the default. If there is no
+ default compspec, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts alias expansion on the command word as
+ a final resort, and attempts to find a compspec for the command word
from any successful expansion.
- Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of
- matching words. If a compspec is not found, the default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh comple-
+ Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of
+ matching words. If a compspec is not found, the default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh comple-
tion as described above under C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg is performed.
- First, the actions specified by the compspec are used. Only matches
- which are prefixed by the word being completed are returned. When the
- -\b-f\bf or -\b-d\bd option is used for filename or directory name completion, the
+ First, the actions specified by the compspec are used. Only matches
+ which are prefixed by the word being completed are returned. When the
+ -\b-f\bf or -\b-d\bd option is used for filename or directory name completion, the
shell variable F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE is used to filter the matches.
Any completions specified by a pathname expansion pattern to the -\b-G\bG op-
- tion are generated next. The words generated by the pattern need not
- match the word being completed. The G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell variable is not
+ tion are generated next. The words generated by the pattern need not
+ match the word being completed. The G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell variable is not
used to filter the matches, but the F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE variable is used.
- Next, the string specified as the argument to the -\b-W\bW option is consid-
- ered. The string is first split using the characters in the I\bIF\bFS\bS spe-
- cial variable as delimiters. Shell quoting is honored. Each word is
- then expanded using brace expansion, tilde expansion, parameter and
- variable expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion, as
+ Next, the string specified as the argument to the -\b-W\bW option is consid-
+ ered. The string is first split using the characters in the I\bIF\bFS\bS spe-
+ cial variable as delimiters. Shell quoting is honored. Each word is
+ then expanded using brace expansion, tilde expansion, parameter and
+ variable expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion, as
described above under E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN. The results are split using the rules
described above under W\bWo\bor\brd\bd S\bSp\bpl\bli\bit\btt\bti\bin\bng\bg. The results of the expansion are
prefix-matched against the word being completed, and the matching words
become the possible completions.
- After these matches have been generated, any shell function or command
- specified with the -\b-F\bF and -\b-C\bC options is invoked. When the command or
+ After these matches have been generated, any shell function or command
+ specified with the -\b-F\bF and -\b-C\bC options is invoked. When the command or
function is invoked, the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE, C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_P\bPO\bOI\bIN\bNT\bT, C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_K\bKE\bEY\bY, and C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_T\bTY\bYP\bPE\bE
variables are assigned values as described above under S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs.
- If a shell function is being invoked, the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDS\bS and C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_C\bCW\bWO\bOR\bRD\bD
- variables are also set. When the function or command is invoked, the
- first argument ($\b$1\b1) is the name of the command whose arguments are be-
- ing completed, the second argument ($\b$2\b2) is the word being completed,
- and the third argument ($\b$3\b3) is the word preceding the word being com-
+ If a shell function is being invoked, the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDS\bS and C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_C\bCW\bWO\bOR\bRD\bD
+ variables are also set. When the function or command is invoked, the
+ first argument ($\b$1\b1) is the name of the command whose arguments are be-
+ ing completed, the second argument ($\b$2\b2) is the word being completed,
+ and the third argument ($\b$3\b3) is the word preceding the word being com-
pleted on the current command line. No filtering of the generated com-
pletions against the word being completed is performed; the function or
command has complete freedom in generating the matches.
- Any function specified with -\b-F\bF is invoked first. The function may use
- any of the shell facilities, including the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpg\bge\ben\bn builtin described
- below, to generate the matches. It must put the possible completions
+ Any function specified with -\b-F\bF is invoked first. The function may use
+ any of the shell facilities, including the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpg\bge\ben\bn builtin described
+ below, to generate the matches. It must put the possible completions
in the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPR\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY array variable, one per array element.
- Next, any command specified with the -\b-C\bC option is invoked in an envi-
- ronment equivalent to command substitution. It should print a list of
- completions, one per line, to the standard output. Backslash may be
+ Next, any command specified with the -\b-C\bC option is invoked in an envi-
+ ronment equivalent to command substitution. It should print a list of
+ completions, one per line, to the standard output. Backslash may be
used to escape a newline, if necessary.
- After all of the possible completions are generated, any filter speci-
- fied with the -\b-X\bX option is applied to the list. The filter is a pat-
- tern as used for pathname expansion; a &\b& in the pattern is replaced
- with the text of the word being completed. A literal &\b& may be escaped
- with a backslash; the backslash is removed before attempting a match.
- Any completion that matches the pattern will be removed from the list.
+ After all of the possible completions are generated, any filter speci-
+ fied with the -\b-X\bX option is applied to the list. The filter is a pat-
+ tern as used for pathname expansion; a &\b& in the pattern is replaced
+ with the text of the word being completed. A literal &\b& may be escaped
+ with a backslash; the backslash is removed before attempting a match.
+ Any completion that matches the pattern will be removed from the list.
A leading !\b! negates the pattern; in this case any completion not match-
- ing the pattern will be removed. If the n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh shell option is
- enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case of alpha-
+ ing the pattern will be removed. If the n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh shell option is
+ enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case of alpha-
betic characters.
Finally, any prefix and suffix specified with the -\b-P\bP and -\b-S\bS options are
added to each member of the completion list, and the result is returned
to the readline completion code as the list of possible completions.
- If the previously-applied actions do not generate any matches, and the
- -\b-o\bo d\bdi\bir\brn\bna\bam\bme\bes\bs option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was de-
+ If the previously-applied actions do not generate any matches, and the
+ -\b-o\bo d\bdi\bir\brn\bna\bam\bme\bes\bs option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was de-
fined, directory name completion is attempted.
- If the -\b-o\bo p\bpl\blu\bus\bsd\bdi\bir\brs\bs option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec
+ If the -\b-o\bo p\bpl\blu\bus\bsd\bdi\bir\brs\bs option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec
was defined, directory name completion is attempted and any matches are
added to the results of the other actions.
- By default, if a compspec is found, whatever it generates is returned
- to the completion code as the full set of possible completions. The
+ By default, if a compspec is found, whatever it generates is returned
+ to the completion code as the full set of possible completions. The
default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh completions are not attempted, and the readline default of
filename completion is disabled. If the -\b-o\bo b\bba\bas\bsh\bhd\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt option was sup-
- plied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was defined, the b\bba\bas\bsh\bh default com-
+ plied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was defined, the b\bba\bas\bsh\bh default com-
pletions are attempted if the compspec generates no matches. If the -\b-o\bo
- d\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was defined,
- readline's default completion will be performed if the compspec (and,
+ d\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt option was supplied to c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be when the compspec was defined,
+ readline's default completion will be performed if the compspec (and,
if attempted, the default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh completions) generate no matches.
- When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is desired,
- the programmable completion functions force readline to append a slash
- to completed names which are symbolic links to directories, subject to
- the value of the m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs readline variable, regardless of the
+ When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is desired,
+ the programmable completion functions force readline to append a slash
+ to completed names which are symbolic links to directories, subject to
+ the value of the m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs readline variable, regardless of the
setting of the m\bma\bar\brk\bk-\b-s\bsy\bym\bml\bli\bin\bnk\bke\bed\bd-\b-d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bri\bie\bes\bs readline variable.
- There is some support for dynamically modifying completions. This is
- most useful when used in combination with a default completion speci-
- fied with c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be -\b-D\bD. It's possible for shell functions executed as
- completion handlers to indicate that completion should be retried by
- returning an exit status of 124. If a shell function returns 124, and
+ There is some support for dynamically modifying completions. This is
+ most useful when used in combination with a default completion speci-
+ fied with c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be -\b-D\bD. It's possible for shell functions executed as
+ completion handlers to indicate that completion should be retried by
+ returning an exit status of 124. If a shell function returns 124, and
changes the compspec associated with the command on which completion is
- being attempted (supplied as the first argument when the function is
+ being attempted (supplied as the first argument when the function is
executed), programmable completion restarts from the beginning, with an
- attempt to find a new compspec for that command. This allows a set of
- completions to be built dynamically as completion is attempted, rather
+ attempt to find a new compspec for that command. This allows a set of
+ completions to be built dynamically as completion is attempted, rather
than being loaded all at once.
- For instance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each kept
- in a file corresponding to the name of the command, the following de-
+ For instance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each kept
+ in a file corresponding to the name of the command, the following de-
fault completion function would load completions dynamically:
_completion_loader()
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY
- When the -\b-o\bo h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin is enabled, the shell
+ When the -\b-o\bo h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin is enabled, the shell
provides access to the _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd _\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by, the list of commands previously
- typed. The value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE variable is used as the number of
+ typed. The value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE variable is used as the number of
commands to save in a history list. The text of the last H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE com-
- mands (default 500) is saved. The shell stores each command in the
- history list prior to parameter and variable expansion (see E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN
- above) but after history expansion is performed, subject to the values
+ mands (default 500) is saved. The shell stores each command in the
+ history list prior to parameter and variable expansion (see E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN
+ above) but after history expansion is performed, subject to the values
of the shell variables H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE and H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL.
On startup, the history is initialized from the file named by the vari-
- able H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE (default _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by). The file named by the value
- of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is truncated, if necessary, to contain no more than the
- number of lines specified by the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE-\b-
- S\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE is unset, or set to null, a non-numeric value, or a numeric value
- less than zero, the history file is not truncated. When the history
- file is read, lines beginning with the history comment character fol-
+ able H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE (default _\b~_\b/_\b._\bb_\ba_\bs_\bh_\b__\bh_\bi_\bs_\bt_\bo_\br_\by). The file named by the value
+ of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is truncated, if necessary, to contain no more than the
+ number of lines specified by the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE-\b-
+ S\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE is unset, or set to null, a non-numeric value, or a numeric value
+ less than zero, the history file is not truncated. When the history
+ file is read, lines beginning with the history comment character fol-
lowed immediately by a digit are interpreted as timestamps for the fol-
lowing history line. These timestamps are optionally displayed depend-
- ing on the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT variable. When a shell with
- history enabled exits, the last $\b$H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE lines are copied from the
- history list to $\b$H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE. If the h\bhi\bis\bst\bta\bap\bpp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd shell option is enabled
- (see the description of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below), the
- lines are appended to the history file, otherwise the history file is
- overwritten. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is unset, or if the history file is un-
- writable, the history is not saved. If the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT variable is
- set, time stamps are written to the history file, marked with the his-
+ ing on the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT variable. When a shell with
+ history enabled exits, the last $\b$H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTS\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE lines are copied from the
+ history list to $\b$H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE. If the h\bhi\bis\bst\bta\bap\bpp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd shell option is enabled
+ (see the description of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below), the
+ lines are appended to the history file, otherwise the history file is
+ overwritten. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is unset, or if the history file is un-
+ writable, the history is not saved. If the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT variable is
+ set, time stamps are written to the history file, marked with the his-
tory comment character, so they may be preserved across shell sessions.
- This uses the history comment character to distinguish timestamps from
- other history lines. After saving the history, the history file is
- truncated to contain no more than H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE lines. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE
- is unset, or set to null, a non-numeric value, or a numeric value less
+ This uses the history comment character to distinguish timestamps from
+ other history lines. After saving the history, the history file is
+ truncated to contain no more than H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE lines. If H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE
+ is unset, or set to null, a non-numeric value, or a numeric value less
than zero, the history file is not truncated.
- The builtin command f\bfc\bc (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) may be used
+ The builtin command f\bfc\bc (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) may be used
to list or edit and re-execute a portion of the history list. The h\bhi\bis\bs-\b-
- t\bto\bor\bry\by builtin may be used to display or modify the history list and ma-
- nipulate the history file. When using command-line editing, search
- commands are available in each editing mode that provide access to the
+ t\bto\bor\bry\by builtin may be used to display or modify the history list and ma-
+ nipulate the history file. When using command-line editing, search
+ commands are available in each editing mode that provide access to the
history list.
- The shell allows control over which commands are saved on the history
+ The shell allows control over which commands are saved on the history
list. The H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL and H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE variables may be set to cause the
shell to save only a subset of the commands entered. The c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt shell
- option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to save each line of a
- multi-line command in the same history entry, adding semicolons where
- necessary to preserve syntactic correctness. The l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt shell option
- causes the shell to save the command with embedded newlines instead of
+ option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to save each line of a
+ multi-line command in the same history entry, adding semicolons where
+ necessary to preserve syntactic correctness. The l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt shell option
+ causes the shell to save the command with embedded newlines instead of
semicolons. See the description of the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin below under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
- B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS for information on setting and unsetting shell op-
+ B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS for information on setting and unsetting shell op-
tions.
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY E\bEX\bXP\bPA\bAN\bNS\bSI\bIO\bON\bN
- The shell supports a history expansion feature that is similar to the
- history expansion in c\bcs\bsh\bh. This section describes what syntax features
- are available. This feature is enabled by default for interactive
+ The shell supports a history expansion feature that is similar to the
+ history expansion in c\bcs\bsh\bh. This section describes what syntax features
+ are available. This feature is enabled by default for interactive
shells, and can be disabled using the +\b+H\bH option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin com-
mand (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below). Non-interactive shells do not
perform history expansion by default.
History expansions introduce words from the history list into the input
- stream, making it easy to repeat commands, insert the arguments to a
+ stream, making it easy to repeat commands, insert the arguments to a
previous command into the current input line, or fix errors in previous
commands quickly.
- History expansion is performed immediately after a complete line is
- read, before the shell breaks it into words, and is performed on each
- line individually without taking quoting on previous lines into ac-
- count. It takes place in two parts. The first is to determine which
- line from the history list to use during substitution. The second is
- to select portions of that line for inclusion into the current one.
- The line selected from the history is the _\be_\bv_\be_\bn_\bt, and the portions of
- that line that are acted upon are _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bs. Various _\bm_\bo_\bd_\bi_\bf_\bi_\be_\br_\bs are avail-
- able to manipulate the selected words. The line is broken into words
- in the same fashion as when reading input, so that several _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\b-
+ History expansion is performed immediately after a complete line is
+ read, before the shell breaks it into words, and is performed on each
+ line individually without taking quoting on previous lines into ac-
+ count. It takes place in two parts. The first is to determine which
+ line from the history list to use during substitution. The second is
+ to select portions of that line for inclusion into the current one.
+ The line selected from the history is the _\be_\bv_\be_\bn_\bt, and the portions of
+ that line that are acted upon are _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bs. Various _\bm_\bo_\bd_\bi_\bf_\bi_\be_\br_\bs are avail-
+ able to manipulate the selected words. The line is broken into words
+ in the same fashion as when reading input, so that several _\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\ba_\bc_\b-
_\bt_\be_\br-separated words surrounded by quotes are considered one word. His-
- tory expansions are introduced by the appearance of the history expan-
- sion character, which is !\b! by default. Only backslash (\\b\) and single
- quotes can quote the history expansion character, but the history ex-
- pansion character is also treated as quoted if it immediately precedes
+ tory expansions are introduced by the appearance of the history expan-
+ sion character, which is !\b! by default. Only backslash (\\b\) and single
+ quotes can quote the history expansion character, but the history ex-
+ pansion character is also treated as quoted if it immediately precedes
the closing double quote in a double-quoted string.
- Several characters inhibit history expansion if found immediately fol-
- lowing the history expansion character, even if it is unquoted: space,
- tab, newline, carriage return, and =\b=. If the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option is
+ Several characters inhibit history expansion if found immediately fol-
+ lowing the history expansion character, even if it is unquoted: space,
+ tab, newline, carriage return, and =\b=. If the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option is
enabled, (\b( will also inhibit expansion.
- Several shell options settable with the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin may be used to
- tailor the behavior of history expansion. If the h\bhi\bis\bst\btv\bve\ber\bri\bif\bfy\by shell op-
- tion is enabled (see the description of the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin below), and
- r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, history substitutions are not immediately
- passed to the shell parser. Instead, the expanded line is reloaded
+ Several shell options settable with the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin may be used to
+ tailor the behavior of history expansion. If the h\bhi\bis\bst\btv\bve\ber\bri\bif\bfy\by shell op-
+ tion is enabled (see the description of the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin below), and
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, history substitutions are not immediately
+ passed to the shell parser. Instead, the expanded line is reloaded
into the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be editing buffer for further modification. If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be
- is being used, and the h\bhi\bis\bst\btr\bre\bee\bed\bdi\bit\bt shell option is enabled, a failed
- history substitution will be reloaded into the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be editing buffer
- for correction. The -\b-p\bp option to the h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by builtin command may be
- used to see what a history expansion will do before using it. The -\b-s\bs
+ is being used, and the h\bhi\bis\bst\btr\bre\bee\bed\bdi\bit\bt shell option is enabled, a failed
+ history substitution will be reloaded into the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be editing buffer
+ for correction. The -\b-p\bp option to the h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by builtin command may be
+ used to see what a history expansion will do before using it. The -\b-s\bs
option to the h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by builtin may be used to add commands to the end of
- the history list without actually executing them, so that they are
+ the history list without actually executing them, so that they are
available for subsequent recall.
- The shell allows control of the various characters used by the history
+ The shell allows control of the various characters used by the history
expansion mechanism (see the description of h\bhi\bis\bst\btc\bch\bha\bar\brs\bs above under S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
- V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs). The shell uses the history comment character to mark his-
+ V\bVa\bar\bri\bia\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs). The shell uses the history comment character to mark his-
tory timestamps when writing the history file.
E\bEv\bve\ben\bnt\bt D\bDe\bes\bsi\big\bgn\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs
- An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the his-
- tory list. Unless the reference is absolute, events are relative to
+ An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the his-
+ tory list. Unless the reference is absolute, events are relative to
the current position in the history list.
- !\b! Start a history substitution, except when followed by a b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bk,
- newline, carriage return, = or ( (when the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option
+ !\b! Start a history substitution, except when followed by a b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bk,
+ newline, carriage return, = or ( (when the e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb shell option
is enabled using the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin).
!\b!_\bn Refer to command line _\bn.
!\b!-\b-_\bn Refer to the current command minus _\bn.
!\b!!\b! Refer to the previous command. This is a synonym for `!-1'.
!\b!_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg
- Refer to the most recent command preceding the current position
+ Refer to the most recent command preceding the current position
in the history list starting with _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg.
!\b!?\b?_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg[\b[?\b?]\b]
- Refer to the most recent command preceding the current position
- in the history list containing _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg. The trailing ?\b? may be
- omitted if _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is followed immediately by a newline. If
- _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is missing, the string from the most recent search is
+ Refer to the most recent command preceding the current position
+ in the history list containing _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg. The trailing ?\b? may be
+ omitted if _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is followed immediately by a newline. If
+ _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is missing, the string from the most recent search is
used; it is an error if there is no previous search string.
^\b^_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1^\b^_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2^\b^
- Quick substitution. Repeat the previous command, replacing
- _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1 with _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2. Equivalent to ``!!:s^_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1^_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2^''
+ Quick substitution. Repeat the previous command, replacing
+ _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1 with _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2. Equivalent to ``!!:s^_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b1^_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b2^''
(see M\bMo\bod\bdi\bif\bfi\bie\ber\brs\bs below).
!\b!#\b# The entire command line typed so far.
W\bWo\bor\brd\bd D\bDe\bes\bsi\big\bgn\bna\bat\bto\bor\brs\bs
- Word designators are used to select desired words from the event. A :\b:
- separates the event specification from the word designator. It may be
- omitted if the word designator begins with a ^\b^, $\b$, *\b*, -\b-, or %\b%. Words
- are numbered from the beginning of the line, with the first word being
- denoted by 0 (zero). Words are inserted into the current line sepa-
+ Word designators are used to select desired words from the event. A :\b:
+ separates the event specification from the word designator. It may be
+ omitted if the word designator begins with a ^\b^, $\b$, *\b*, -\b-, or %\b%. Words
+ are numbered from the beginning of the line, with the first word being
+ denoted by 0 (zero). Words are inserted into the current line sepa-
rated by single spaces.
0\b0 (\b(z\bze\ber\bro\bo)\b)
The zeroth word. For the shell, this is the command word.
_\bn The _\bnth word.
^\b^ The first argument. That is, word 1.
- $\b$ The last word. This is usually the last argument, but will ex-
+ $\b$ The last word. This is usually the last argument, but will ex-
pand to the zeroth word if there is only one word in the line.
- %\b% The first word matched by the most recent `?_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg?' search, if
- the search string begins with a character that is part of a
+ %\b% The first word matched by the most recent `?_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg?' search, if
+ the search string begins with a character that is part of a
word.
_\bx-\b-_\by A range of words; `-_\by' abbreviates `0-_\by'.
- *\b* All of the words but the zeroth. This is a synonym for `_\b1_\b-_\b$'.
- It is not an error to use *\b* if there is just one word in the
+ *\b* All of the words but the zeroth. This is a synonym for `_\b1_\b-_\b$'.
+ It is not an error to use *\b* if there is just one word in the
event; the empty string is returned in that case.
x\bx*\b* Abbreviates _\bx_\b-_\b$.
x\bx-\b- Abbreviates _\bx_\b-_\b$ like x\bx*\b*, but omits the last word. If x\bx is miss-
ing, it defaults to 0.
- If a word designator is supplied without an event specification, the
+ If a word designator is supplied without an event specification, the
previous command is used as the event.
M\bMo\bod\bdi\bif\bfi\bie\ber\brs\bs
- After the optional word designator, there may appear a sequence of one
+ After the optional word designator, there may appear a sequence of one
or more of the following modifiers, each preceded by a `:'. These mod-
ify, or edit, the word or words selected from the history event.
e\be Remove all but the trailing suffix.
p\bp Print the new command but do not execute it.
q\bq Quote the substituted words, escaping further substitutions.
- x\bx Quote the substituted words as with q\bq, but break into words at
- b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bks\bs and newlines. The q\bq and x\bx modifiers are mutually exclu-
+ x\bx Quote the substituted words as with q\bq, but break into words at
+ b\bbl\bla\ban\bnk\bks\bs and newlines. The q\bq and x\bx modifiers are mutually exclu-
sive; the last one supplied is used.
s\bs/\b/_\bo_\bl_\bd/\b/_\bn_\be_\bw/\b/
- Substitute _\bn_\be_\bw for the first occurrence of _\bo_\bl_\bd in the event
+ Substitute _\bn_\be_\bw for the first occurrence of _\bo_\bl_\bd in the event
line. Any character may be used as the delimiter in place of /.
- The final delimiter is optional if it is the last character of
+ The final delimiter is optional if it is the last character of
the event line. The delimiter may be quoted in _\bo_\bl_\bd and _\bn_\be_\bw with
a single backslash. If & appears in _\bn_\be_\bw, it is replaced by _\bo_\bl_\bd.
- A single backslash will quote the &. If _\bo_\bl_\bd is null, it is set
- to the last _\bo_\bl_\bd substituted, or, if no previous history substi-
- tutions took place, the last _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg in a !\b!?\b?_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg[\b[?\b?]\b] search.
+ A single backslash will quote the &. If _\bo_\bl_\bd is null, it is set
+ to the last _\bo_\bl_\bd substituted, or, if no previous history substi-
+ tutions took place, the last _\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg in a !\b!?\b?_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg[\b[?\b?]\b] search.
If _\bn_\be_\bw is null, each matching _\bo_\bl_\bd is deleted.
&\b& Repeat the previous substitution.
g\bg Cause changes to be applied over the entire event line. This is
- used in conjunction with `:\b:s\bs' (e.g., `:\b:g\bgs\bs/\b/_\bo_\bl_\bd/\b/_\bn_\be_\bw/\b/') or `:\b:&\b&'.
- If used with `:\b:s\bs', any delimiter can be used in place of /, and
- the final delimiter is optional if it is the last character of
+ used in conjunction with `:\b:s\bs' (e.g., `:\b:g\bgs\bs/\b/_\bo_\bl_\bd/\b/_\bn_\be_\bw/\b/') or `:\b:&\b&'.
+ If used with `:\b:s\bs', any delimiter can be used in place of /, and
+ the final delimiter is optional if it is the last character of
the event line. An a\ba may be used as a synonym for g\bg.
G\bG Apply the following `s\bs' or `&\b&' modifier once to each word in the
event line.
Unless otherwise noted, each builtin command documented in this section
as accepting options preceded by -\b- accepts -\b--\b- to signify the end of the
options. The :\b:, t\btr\bru\bue\be, f\bfa\bal\bls\bse\be, and t\bte\bes\bst\bt/[\b[ builtins do not accept options
- and do not treat -\b--\b- specially. The e\bex\bxi\bit\bt, l\blo\bog\bgo\bou\but\bt, r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn, b\bbr\bre\bea\bak\bk, c\bco\bon\bn-\b-
- t\bti\bin\bnu\bue\be, l\ble\bet\bt, and s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt builtins accept and process arguments beginning
- with -\b- without requiring -\b--\b-. Other builtins that accept arguments but
- are not specified as accepting options interpret arguments beginning
- with -\b- as invalid options and require -\b--\b- to prevent this interpreta-
+ and do not treat -\b--\b- specially. The e\bex\bxi\bit\bt, l\blo\bog\bgo\bou\but\bt, r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn, b\bbr\bre\bea\bak\bk, c\bco\bon\bn-\b-
+ t\bti\bin\bnu\bue\be, l\ble\bet\bt, and s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt builtins accept and process arguments beginning
+ with -\b- without requiring -\b--\b-. Other builtins that accept arguments but
+ are not specified as accepting options interpret arguments beginning
+ with -\b- as invalid options and require -\b--\b- to prevent this interpreta-
tion.
:\b: [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
- No effect; the command does nothing beyond expanding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs
+ No effect; the command does nothing beyond expanding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs
and performing any specified redirections. The return status is
zero.
.\b. _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
Read and execute commands from _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be in the current shell en-
- vironment and return the exit status of the last command exe-
- cuted from _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be does not contain a slash,
- filenames in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are used to find the directory containing
+ vironment and return the exit status of the last command exe-
+ cuted from _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be does not contain a slash,
+ filenames in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are used to find the directory containing
_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, but _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be does not need to be executable. The file
- searched for in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH need not be executable. When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is not
- in _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, the current directory is searched if no file is
- found in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH. If the s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\bep\bpa\bat\bth\bh option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin
- command is turned off, the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not searched. If any _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
- _\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs are supplied, they become the positional parameters when
- _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is executed. Otherwise the positional parameters are
- unchanged. If the -\b-T\bT option is enabled, .\b. inherits any trap on
+ searched for in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH need not be executable. When b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is not
+ in _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, the current directory is searched if no file is
+ found in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH. If the s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\bep\bpa\bat\bth\bh option to the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin
+ command is turned off, the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not searched. If any _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
+ _\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs are supplied, they become the positional parameters when
+ _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is executed. Otherwise the positional parameters are
+ unchanged. If the -\b-T\bT option is enabled, .\b. inherits any trap on
D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG; if it is not, any D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap string is saved and restored
- around the call to .\b., and .\b. unsets the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap while it exe-
+ around the call to .\b., and .\b. unsets the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap while it exe-
cutes. If -\b-T\bT is not set, and the sourced file changes the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG
- trap, the new value is retained when .\b. completes. The return
- status is the status of the last command exited within the
+ trap, the new value is retained when .\b. completes. The return
+ status is the status of the last command exited within the
script (0 if no commands are executed), and false if _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
not found or cannot be read.
a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
A\bAl\bli\bia\bas\bs with no arguments or with the -\b-p\bp option prints the list of
- aliases in the form a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be on standard output. When
- arguments are supplied, an alias is defined for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be whose
- _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is given. A trailing space in _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be causes the next word
+ aliases in the form a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be on standard output. When
+ arguments are supplied, an alias is defined for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be whose
+ _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is given. A trailing space in _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be causes the next word
to be checked for alias substitution when the alias is expanded.
- For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be in the argument list for which no _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is sup-
- plied, the name and value of the alias is printed. A\bAl\bli\bia\bas\bs re-
- turns true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is given for which no alias has been
+ For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be in the argument list for which no _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is sup-
+ plied, the name and value of the alias is printed. A\bAl\bli\bia\bas\bs re-
+ turns true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is given for which no alias has been
defined.
b\bbg\bg [_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ...]
- Resume each suspended job _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the background, as if it
+ Resume each suspended job _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the background, as if it
had been started with &\b&. If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, the shell's
- notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb is used. b\bbg\bg _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc returns 0 unless
- run when job control is disabled or, when run with job control
- enabled, any specified _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc was not found or was started
+ notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb is used. b\bbg\bg _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc returns 0 unless
+ run when job control is disabled or, when run with job control
+ enabled, any specified _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc was not found or was started
without job control.
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd [-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp] [-\b-l\blp\bps\bsv\bvP\bPS\bSV\bVX\bX]
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd [-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp] _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq:_\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd [-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp] _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq:_\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b-_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be
- Display current r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key and function bindings, bind a key
- sequence to a r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be function or macro, or set a r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be
+ Display current r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key and function bindings, bind a key
+ sequence to a r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be function or macro, or set a r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be
variable. Each non-option argument is a command as it would ap-
- pear in a r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be initialization file such as _\b._\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc, but
- each binding or command must be passed as a separate argument;
- e.g., '"\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file'. Options, if supplied,
+ pear in a r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be initialization file such as _\b._\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc, but
+ each binding or command must be passed as a separate argument;
+ e.g., '"\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file'. Options, if supplied,
have the following meanings:
-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp
Use _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp as the keymap to be affected by the subsequent
bindings. Acceptable _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp names are _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\b-
- _\bd_\ba_\br_\bd_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bm_\bo_\bv_\be_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd,
- and _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bi_\bn_\bs_\be_\br_\bt. _\bv_\bi is equivalent to _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd (_\bv_\bi_\b-_\bm_\bo_\bv_\be
- is also a synonym); _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs is equivalent to _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\b-
+ _\bd_\ba_\br_\bd_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bm_\be_\bt_\ba_\b, _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bc_\bt_\bl_\bx_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bm_\bo_\bv_\be_\b, _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd,
+ and _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bi_\bn_\bs_\be_\br_\bt. _\bv_\bi is equivalent to _\bv_\bi_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd (_\bv_\bi_\b-_\bm_\bo_\bv_\be
+ is also a synonym); _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs is equivalent to _\be_\bm_\ba_\bc_\bs_\b-_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\b-
_\bd_\ba_\br_\bd.
-\b-l\bl List the names of all r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be functions.
- -\b-p\bp Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be function names and bindings in such a
+ -\b-p\bp Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be function names and bindings in such a
way that they can be re-read.
-\b-P\bP List current r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be function names and bindings.
- -\b-s\bs Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key sequences bound to macros and the
- strings they output in such a way that they can be re-
+ -\b-s\bs Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key sequences bound to macros and the
+ strings they output in such a way that they can be re-
read.
- -\b-S\bS Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key sequences bound to macros and the
+ -\b-S\bS Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key sequences bound to macros and the
strings they output.
- -\b-v\bv Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be variable names and values in such a way
+ -\b-v\bv Display r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be variable names and values in such a way
that they can be re-read.
-\b-V\bV List current r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be variable names and values.
-\b-f\bf _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
Remove any current binding for _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq.
-\b-x\bx _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq:\b:_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd
Cause _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be executed whenever _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq is en-
- tered. When _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is executed, the shell sets
- the R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE variable to the contents of the r\bre\bea\bad\bd-\b-
+ tered. When _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is executed, the shell sets
+ the R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE variable to the contents of the r\bre\bea\bad\bd-\b-
l\bli\bin\bne\be line buffer and the R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_P\bPO\bOI\bIN\bNT\bT and R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_M\bMA\bAR\bRK\bK
- variables to the current location of the insertion point
- and the saved insertion point (the mark), respectively.
- The shell assigns any numeric argument the user supplied
+ variables to the current location of the insertion point
+ and the saved insertion point (the mark), respectively.
+ The shell assigns any numeric argument the user supplied
to the R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGU\bUM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT variable. If there was no argu-
- ment, that variable is not set. If the executed command
- changes the value of any of R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE, R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bD-\b-
- L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_P\bPO\bOI\bIN\bNT\bT, or R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_M\bMA\bAR\bRK\bK, those new values will be
+ ment, that variable is not set. If the executed command
+ changes the value of any of R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE, R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bD-\b-
+ L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_P\bPO\bOI\bIN\bNT\bT, or R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE_\b_M\bMA\bAR\bRK\bK, those new values will be
reflected in the editing state.
- -\b-X\bX List all key sequences bound to shell commands and the
+ -\b-X\bX List all key sequences bound to shell commands and the
associated commands in a format that can be reused as in-
put.
- The return value is 0 unless an unrecognized option is given or
+ The return value is 0 unless an unrecognized option is given or
an error occurred.
b\bbr\bre\bea\bak\bk [_\bn]
- Exit from within a f\bfo\bor\br, w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be, u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl, or s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt loop. If _\bn is
- specified, break _\bn levels. _\bn must be >= 1. If _\bn is greater
- than the number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are ex-
- ited. The return value is 0 unless _\bn is not greater than or
+ Exit from within a f\bfo\bor\br, w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be, u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl, or s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt loop. If _\bn is
+ specified, break _\bn levels. _\bn must be >= 1. If _\bn is greater
+ than the number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are ex-
+ ited. The return value is 0 unless _\bn is not greater than or
equal to 1.
b\bbu\bui\bil\blt\bti\bin\bn _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
- Execute the specified shell builtin, passing it _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs, and
+ Execute the specified shell builtin, passing it _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs, and
return its exit status. This is useful when defining a function
- whose name is the same as a shell builtin, retaining the func-
+ whose name is the same as a shell builtin, retaining the func-
tionality of the builtin within the function. The c\bcd\bd builtin is
- commonly redefined this way. The return status is false if
+ commonly redefined this way. The return status is false if
_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn is not a shell builtin command.
c\bca\bal\bll\ble\ber\br [_\be_\bx_\bp_\br]
Returns the context of any active subroutine call (a shell func-
tion or a script executed with the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins). With-
out _\be_\bx_\bp_\br, c\bca\bal\bll\ble\ber\br displays the line number and source filename of
- the current subroutine call. If a non-negative integer is sup-
+ the current subroutine call. If a non-negative integer is sup-
plied as _\be_\bx_\bp_\br, c\bca\bal\bll\ble\ber\br displays the line number, subroutine name,
- and source file corresponding to that position in the current
- execution call stack. This extra information may be used, for
- example, to print a stack trace. The current frame is frame 0.
- The return value is 0 unless the shell is not executing a sub-
- routine call or _\be_\bx_\bp_\br does not correspond to a valid position in
+ and source file corresponding to that position in the current
+ execution call stack. This extra information may be used, for
+ example, to print a stack trace. The current frame is frame 0.
+ The return value is 0 unless the shell is not executing a sub-
+ routine call or _\be_\bx_\bp_\br does not correspond to a valid position in
the call stack.
c\bcd\bd [-\b-L\bL|[-\b-P\bP [-\b-e\be]] [-@]] [_\bd_\bi_\br]
- Change the current directory to _\bd_\bi_\br. if _\bd_\bi_\br is not supplied,
- the value of the H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE shell variable is the default. The vari-
+ Change the current directory to _\bd_\bi_\br. if _\bd_\bi_\br is not supplied,
+ the value of the H\bHO\bOM\bME\bE shell variable is the default. The vari-
able C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH defines the search path for the directory containing
- _\bd_\bi_\br: each directory name in C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is searched for _\bd_\bi_\br. Alter-
- native directory names in C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are separated by a colon (:).
- A null directory name in C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is the same as the current di-
- rectory, i.e., ``.\b.''. If _\bd_\bi_\br begins with a slash (/), then C\bCD\bD-\b-
- P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not used. The -\b-P\bP option causes c\bcd\bd to use the physical
+ _\bd_\bi_\br: each directory name in C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is searched for _\bd_\bi_\br. Alter-
+ native directory names in C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are separated by a colon (:).
+ A null directory name in C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is the same as the current di-
+ rectory, i.e., ``.\b.''. If _\bd_\bi_\br begins with a slash (/), then C\bCD\bD-\b-
+ P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not used. The -\b-P\bP option causes c\bcd\bd to use the physical
directory structure by resolving symbolic links while traversing
- _\bd_\bi_\br and before processing instances of _\b._\b. in _\bd_\bi_\br (see also the
+ _\bd_\bi_\br and before processing instances of _\b._\b. in _\bd_\bi_\br (see also the
-\b-P\bP option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command); the -\b-L\bL option forces sym-
- bolic links to be followed by resolving the link after process-
- ing instances of _\b._\b. in _\bd_\bi_\br. If _\b._\b. appears in _\bd_\bi_\br, it is pro-
- cessed by removing the immediately previous pathname component
- from _\bd_\bi_\br, back to a slash or the beginning of _\bd_\bi_\br. If the -\b-e\be
- option is supplied with -\b-P\bP, and the current working directory
- cannot be successfully determined after a successful directory
- change, c\bcd\bd will return an unsuccessful status. On systems that
+ bolic links to be followed by resolving the link after process-
+ ing instances of _\b._\b. in _\bd_\bi_\br. If _\b._\b. appears in _\bd_\bi_\br, it is pro-
+ cessed by removing the immediately previous pathname component
+ from _\bd_\bi_\br, back to a slash or the beginning of _\bd_\bi_\br. If the -\b-e\be
+ option is supplied with -\b-P\bP, and the current working directory
+ cannot be successfully determined after a successful directory
+ change, c\bcd\bd will return an unsuccessful status. On systems that
support it, the -\b-@\b@ option presents the extended attributes asso-
- ciated with a file as a directory. An argument of -\b- is con-
- verted to $\b$O\bOL\bLD\bDP\bPW\bWD\bD before the directory change is attempted. If
- a non-empty directory name from C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is used, or if -\b- is the
- first argument, and the directory change is successful, the ab-
- solute pathname of the new working directory is written to the
+ ciated with a file as a directory. An argument of -\b- is con-
+ verted to $\b$O\bOL\bLD\bDP\bPW\bWD\bD before the directory change is attempted. If
+ a non-empty directory name from C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is used, or if -\b- is the
+ first argument, and the directory change is successful, the ab-
+ solute pathname of the new working directory is written to the
standard output. If the directory change is successful, c\bcd\bd sets
- the value of the P\bPW\bWD\bD environment variable to the new directory
- name, and sets the O\bOL\bLD\bDP\bPW\bWD\bD environment variable to the value of
- the current working directory before the change. The return
- value is true if the directory was successfully changed; false
+ the value of the P\bPW\bWD\bD environment variable to the new directory
+ name, and sets the O\bOL\bLD\bDP\bPW\bWD\bD environment variable to the value of
+ the current working directory before the change. The return
+ value is true if the directory was successfully changed; false
otherwise.
c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd [-\b-p\bpV\bVv\bv] _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- Run _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd with _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs suppressing the normal shell function
+ Run _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd with _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs suppressing the normal shell function
lookup. Only builtin commands or commands found in the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are
- executed. If the -\b-p\bp option is given, the search for _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is
- performed using a default value for P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH that is guaranteed to
- find all of the standard utilities. If either the -\b-V\bV or -\b-v\bv op-
- tion is supplied, a description of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is printed. The -\b-v\bv
- option causes a single word indicating the command or filename
+ executed. If the -\b-p\bp option is given, the search for _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is
+ performed using a default value for P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH that is guaranteed to
+ find all of the standard utilities. If either the -\b-V\bV or -\b-v\bv op-
+ tion is supplied, a description of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is printed. The -\b-v\bv
+ option causes a single word indicating the command or filename
used to invoke _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be displayed; the -\b-V\bV option produces a
- more verbose description. If the -\b-V\bV or -\b-v\bv option is supplied,
- the exit status is 0 if _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd was found, and 1 if not. If
+ more verbose description. If the -\b-V\bV or -\b-v\bv option is supplied,
+ the exit status is 0 if _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd was found, and 1 if not. If
neither option is supplied and an error occurred or _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd can-
- not be found, the exit status is 127. Otherwise, the exit sta-
+ not be found, the exit status is 127. Otherwise, the exit sta-
tus of the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin is the exit status of _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpg\bge\ben\bn [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd]
- Generate possible completion matches for _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd according to the
- _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns, which may be any option accepted by the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be
- builtin with the exception of -\b-p\bp and -\b-r\br, and write the matches
- to the standard output. When using the -\b-F\bF or -\b-C\bC options, the
- various shell variables set by the programmable completion fa-
+ Generate possible completion matches for _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd according to the
+ _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns, which may be any option accepted by the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be
+ builtin with the exception of -\b-p\bp and -\b-r\br, and write the matches
+ to the standard output. When using the -\b-F\bF or -\b-C\bC options, the
+ various shell variables set by the programmable completion fa-
cilities, while available, will not have useful values.
The matches will be generated in the same way as if the program-
mable completion code had generated them directly from a comple-
- tion specification with the same flags. If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is specified,
+ tion specification with the same flags. If _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is specified,
only those completions matching _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd will be displayed.
- The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,
+ The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,
or no matches were generated.
- c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be [-\b-a\bab\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfg\bgj\bjk\bks\bsu\buv\bv] [-\b-o\bo _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-D\bDE\bEI\bI] [-\b-A\bA _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-G\bG _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\b-
+ c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be [-\b-a\bab\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfg\bgj\bjk\bks\bsu\buv\bv] [-\b-o\bo _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-D\bDE\bEI\bI] [-\b-A\bA _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-G\bG _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\b-
_\bp_\ba_\bt] [-\b-W\bW _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt]
- [-\b-F\bF _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd] [-\b-X\bX _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt] [-\b-P\bP _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx] [-\b-S\bS _\bs_\bu_\bf_\b-
+ [-\b-F\bF _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd] [-\b-X\bX _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt] [-\b-P\bP _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx] [-\b-S\bS _\bs_\bu_\bf_\b-
_\bf_\bi_\bx] _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\b._\b._\b.]
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be -\b-p\bpr\br [-\b-D\bDE\bEI\bI] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- Specify how arguments to each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be should be completed. If the
- -\b-p\bp option is supplied, or if no options are supplied, existing
- completion specifications are printed in a way that allows them
+ Specify how arguments to each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be should be completed. If the
+ -\b-p\bp option is supplied, or if no options are supplied, existing
+ completion specifications are printed in a way that allows them
to be reused as input. The -\b-r\br option removes a completion spec-
- ification for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, or, if no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are supplied, all com-
+ ification for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, or, if no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are supplied, all com-
pletion specifications. The -\b-D\bD option indicates that other sup-
- plied options and actions should apply to the ``default'' com-
- mand completion; that is, completion attempted on a command for
- which no completion has previously been defined. The -\b-E\bE option
- indicates that other supplied options and actions should apply
- to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion attempted
- on a blank line. The -\b-I\bI option indicates that other supplied
- options and actions should apply to completion on the initial
- non-assignment word on the line, or after a command delimiter
- such as ;\b; or |\b|, which is usually command name completion. If
- multiple options are supplied, the -\b-D\bD option takes precedence
+ plied options and actions should apply to the ``default'' com-
+ mand completion; that is, completion attempted on a command for
+ which no completion has previously been defined. The -\b-E\bE option
+ indicates that other supplied options and actions should apply
+ to ``empty'' command completion; that is, completion attempted
+ on a blank line. The -\b-I\bI option indicates that other supplied
+ options and actions should apply to completion on the initial
+ non-assignment word on the line, or after a command delimiter
+ such as ;\b; or |\b|, which is usually command name completion. If
+ multiple options are supplied, the -\b-D\bD option takes precedence
over -\b-E\bE, and both take precedence over -\b-I\bI. If any of -\b-D\bD, -\b-E\bE, or
- -\b-I\bI are supplied, any other _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are ignored; these
+ -\b-I\bI are supplied, any other _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are ignored; these
completions only apply to the case specified by the option.
- The process of applying these completion specifications when
- word completion is attempted is described above under P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bm-\b-
+ The process of applying these completion specifications when
+ word completion is attempted is described above under P\bPr\bro\bog\bgr\bra\bam\bm-\b-
m\bma\bab\bbl\ble\be C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn.
- Other options, if specified, have the following meanings. The
- arguments to the -\b-G\bG, -\b-W\bW, and -\b-X\bX options (and, if necessary, the
- -\b-P\bP and -\b-S\bS options) should be quoted to protect them from expan-
+ Other options, if specified, have the following meanings. The
+ arguments to the -\b-G\bG, -\b-W\bW, and -\b-X\bX options (and, if necessary, the
+ -\b-P\bP and -\b-S\bS options) should be quoted to protect them from expan-
sion before the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be builtin is invoked.
-\b-o\bo _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn
- The _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn controls several aspects of the comp-
- spec's behavior beyond the simple generation of comple-
+ The _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn controls several aspects of the comp-
+ spec's behavior beyond the simple generation of comple-
tions. _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\b-_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn may be one of:
b\bba\bas\bsh\bhd\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt
Perform the rest of the default b\bba\bas\bsh\bh completions
if the compspec generates no matches.
- d\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt Use readline's default filename completion if
+ d\bde\bef\bfa\bau\bul\blt\bt Use readline's default filename completion if
the compspec generates no matches.
d\bdi\bir\brn\bna\bam\bme\bes\bs
- Perform directory name completion if the comp-
+ Perform directory name completion if the comp-
spec generates no matches.
f\bfi\bil\ble\ben\bna\bam\bme\bes\bs
- Tell readline that the compspec generates file-
- names, so it can perform any filename-specific
- processing (like adding a slash to directory
- names, quoting special characters, or suppress-
- ing trailing spaces). Intended to be used with
+ Tell readline that the compspec generates file-
+ names, so it can perform any filename-specific
+ processing (like adding a slash to directory
+ names, quoting special characters, or suppress-
+ ing trailing spaces). Intended to be used with
shell functions.
- n\bno\boq\bqu\buo\bot\bte\be Tell readline not to quote the completed words
- if they are filenames (quoting filenames is the
+ n\bno\boq\bqu\buo\bot\bte\be Tell readline not to quote the completed words
+ if they are filenames (quoting filenames is the
default).
- n\bno\bos\bso\bor\brt\bt Tell readline not to sort the list of possible
+ n\bno\bos\bso\bor\brt\bt Tell readline not to sort the list of possible
completions alphabetically.
- n\bno\bos\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be Tell readline not to append a space (the de-
- fault) to words completed at the end of the
+ n\bno\bos\bsp\bpa\bac\bce\be Tell readline not to append a space (the de-
+ fault) to words completed at the end of the
line.
p\bpl\blu\bus\bsd\bdi\bir\brs\bs
- After any matches defined by the compspec are
+ After any matches defined by the compspec are
generated, directory name completion is at-
tempted and any matches are added to the results
of the other actions.
-\b-A\bA _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn
- The _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn may be one of the following to generate a
+ The _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn may be one of the following to generate a
list of possible completions:
a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs Alias names. May also be specified as -\b-a\ba.
a\bar\brr\bra\bay\byv\bva\bar\br
Array variable names.
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bdi\bin\bng\bg R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key binding names.
- b\bbu\bui\bil\blt\bti\bin\bn Names of shell builtin commands. May also be
+ b\bbu\bui\bil\blt\bti\bin\bn Names of shell builtin commands. May also be
specified as -\b-b\bb.
c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd Command names. May also be specified as -\b-c\bc.
d\bdi\bir\bre\bec\bct\bto\bor\bry\by
d\bdi\bis\bsa\bab\bbl\ble\bed\bd
Names of disabled shell builtins.
e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\bed\bd Names of enabled shell builtins.
- e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt Names of exported shell variables. May also be
+ e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt Names of exported shell variables. May also be
specified as -\b-e\be.
f\bfi\bil\ble\be File names. May also be specified as -\b-f\bf.
f\bfu\bun\bnc\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn
h\bhe\bel\blp\bpt\bto\bop\bpi\bic\bc
Help topics as accepted by the h\bhe\bel\blp\bp builtin.
h\bho\bos\bst\btn\bna\bam\bme\be
- Hostnames, as taken from the file specified by
+ Hostnames, as taken from the file specified by
the H\bHO\bOS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE shell variable.
- j\bjo\bob\bb Job names, if job control is active. May also
+ j\bjo\bob\bb Job names, if job control is active. May also
be specified as -\b-j\bj.
- k\bke\bey\byw\bwo\bor\brd\bd Shell reserved words. May also be specified as
+ k\bke\bey\byw\bwo\bor\brd\bd Shell reserved words. May also be specified as
-\b-k\bk.
r\bru\bun\bnn\bni\bin\bng\bg Names of running jobs, if job control is active.
s\bse\ber\brv\bvi\bic\bce\be Service names. May also be specified as -\b-s\bs.
- s\bse\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bt Valid arguments for the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt
+ s\bse\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bt Valid arguments for the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt
builtin.
- s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt Shell option names as accepted by the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt
+ s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt Shell option names as accepted by the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt
builtin.
s\bsi\big\bgn\bna\bal\bl Signal names.
s\bst\bto\bop\bpp\bpe\bed\bd Names of stopped jobs, if job control is active.
Names of all shell variables. May also be spec-
ified as -\b-v\bv.
-\b-C\bC _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd
- _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is executed in a subshell environment, and its
+ _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is executed in a subshell environment, and its
output is used as the possible completions.
-\b-F\bF _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn
- The shell function _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn is executed in the current
- shell environment. When the function is executed, the
+ The shell function _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn is executed in the current
+ shell environment. When the function is executed, the
first argument ($\b$1\b1) is the name of the command whose ar-
guments are being completed, the second argument ($\b$2\b2) is
the word being completed, and the third argument ($\b$3\b3) is
- the word preceding the word being completed on the cur-
- rent command line. When it finishes, the possible com-
- pletions are retrieved from the value of the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPR\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY
+ the word preceding the word being completed on the cur-
+ rent command line. When it finishes, the possible com-
+ pletions are retrieved from the value of the C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPR\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY
array variable.
-\b-G\bG _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\bp_\ba_\bt
- The pathname expansion pattern _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\bp_\ba_\bt is expanded to
+ The pathname expansion pattern _\bg_\bl_\bo_\bb_\bp_\ba_\bt is expanded to
generate the possible completions.
-\b-P\bP _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx
- _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx is added at the beginning of each possible com-
+ _\bp_\br_\be_\bf_\bi_\bx is added at the beginning of each possible com-
pletion after all other options have been applied.
-\b-S\bS _\bs_\bu_\bf_\bf_\bi_\bx
_\bs_\bu_\bf_\bf_\bi_\bx is appended to each possible completion after all
other options have been applied.
-\b-W\bW _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt
- The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is split using the characters in the I\bIF\bFS\bS
- special variable as delimiters, and each resultant word
- is expanded. Shell quoting is honored within _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt,
+ The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is split using the characters in the I\bIF\bFS\bS
+ special variable as delimiters, and each resultant word
+ is expanded. Shell quoting is honored within _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt,
in order to provide a mechanism for the words to contain
- shell metacharacters or characters in the value of I\bIF\bFS\bS.
- The possible completions are the members of the resul-
+ shell metacharacters or characters in the value of I\bIF\bFS\bS.
+ The possible completions are the members of the resul-
tant list which match the word being completed.
-\b-X\bX _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt
- _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is a pattern as used for pathname expansion.
+ _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is a pattern as used for pathname expansion.
It is applied to the list of possible completions gener-
- ated by the preceding options and arguments, and each
- completion matching _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is removed from the list.
- A leading !\b! in _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt negates the pattern; in this
+ ated by the preceding options and arguments, and each
+ completion matching _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is removed from the list.
+ A leading !\b! in _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt negates the pattern; in this
case, any completion not matching _\bf_\bi_\bl_\bt_\be_\br_\bp_\ba_\bt is removed.
- The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,
- an option other than -\b-p\bp or -\b-r\br is supplied without a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be argu-
- ment, an attempt is made to remove a completion specification
+ The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,
+ an option other than -\b-p\bp or -\b-r\br is supplied without a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be argu-
+ ment, an attempt is made to remove a completion specification
for a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be for which no specification exists, or an error occurs
adding a completion specification.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpo\bop\bpt\bt [-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [-\b-D\bDE\bEI\bI] [+\b+o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be]
- Modify completion options for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be according to the _\bo_\bp_\b-
+ Modify completion options for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be according to the _\bo_\bp_\b-
_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns, or for the currently-executing completion if no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are
- supplied. If no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns are given, display the completion op-
- tions for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be or the current completion. The possible
- values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn are those valid for the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be builtin de-
- scribed above. The -\b-D\bD option indicates that other supplied op-
- tions should apply to the ``default'' command completion; that
- is, completion attempted on a command for which no completion
+ supplied. If no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bns are given, display the completion op-
+ tions for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be or the current completion. The possible
+ values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn are those valid for the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be builtin de-
+ scribed above. The -\b-D\bD option indicates that other supplied op-
+ tions should apply to the ``default'' command completion; that
+ is, completion attempted on a command for which no completion
has previously been defined. The -\b-E\bE option indicates that other
- supplied options should apply to ``empty'' command completion;
- that is, completion attempted on a blank line. The -\b-I\bI option
+ supplied options should apply to ``empty'' command completion;
+ that is, completion attempted on a blank line. The -\b-I\bI option
indicates that other supplied options should apply to completion
- on the initial non-assignment word on the line, or after a com-
- mand delimiter such as ;\b; or |\b|, which is usually command name
+ on the initial non-assignment word on the line, or after a com-
+ mand delimiter such as ;\b; or |\b|, which is usually command name
completion.
- The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,
+ The return value is true unless an invalid option is supplied,
an attempt is made to modify the options for a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be for which no
completion specification exists, or an output error occurs.
c\bco\bon\bnt\bti\bin\bnu\bue\be [_\bn]
Resume the next iteration of the enclosing f\bfo\bor\br, w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be, u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl, or
- s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt loop. If _\bn is specified, resume at the _\bnth enclosing
- loop. _\bn must be >= 1. If _\bn is greater than the number of en-
- closing loops, the last enclosing loop (the ``top-level'' loop)
- is resumed. The return value is 0 unless _\bn is not greater than
+ s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt loop. If _\bn is specified, resume at the _\bnth enclosing
+ loop. _\bn must be >= 1. If _\bn is greater than the number of en-
+ closing loops, the last enclosing loop (the ``top-level'' loop)
+ is resumed. The return value is 0 unless _\bn is not greater than
or equal to 1.
d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be [-\b-a\baA\bAf\bfF\bFg\bgi\biI\bIl\bln\bnr\brt\btu\bux\bx] [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
t\bty\byp\bpe\bes\bse\bet\bt [-\b-a\baA\bAf\bfF\bFg\bgi\biI\bIl\bln\bnr\brt\btu\bux\bx] [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ...]
- Declare variables and/or give them attributes. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are
- given then display the values of variables. The -\b-p\bp option will
+ Declare variables and/or give them attributes. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes are
+ given then display the values of variables. The -\b-p\bp option will
display the attributes and values of each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. When -\b-p\bp is used
- with _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, additional options, other than -\b-f\bf and -\b-F\bF,
- are ignored. When -\b-p\bp is supplied without _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, it
- will display the attributes and values of all variables having
+ with _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, additional options, other than -\b-f\bf and -\b-F\bF,
+ are ignored. When -\b-p\bp is supplied without _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, it
+ will display the attributes and values of all variables having
the attributes specified by the additional options. If no other
- options are supplied with -\b-p\bp, d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be will display the at-
- tributes and values of all shell variables. The -\b-f\bf option will
+ options are supplied with -\b-p\bp, d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be will display the at-
+ tributes and values of all shell variables. The -\b-f\bf option will
restrict the display to shell functions. The -\b-F\bF option inhibits
- the display of function definitions; only the function name and
+ the display of function definitions; only the function name and
attributes are printed. If the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg shell option is enabled
- using s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, the source file name and line number where each
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is defined are displayed as well. The -\b-F\bF option implies
+ using s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt, the source file name and line number where each
+ _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is defined are displayed as well. The -\b-F\bF option implies
-\b-f\bf. The -\b-g\bg option forces variables to be created or modified at
the global scope, even when d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be is executed in a shell func-
- tion. It is ignored in all other cases. The -\b-I\bI option causes
- local variables to inherit the attributes (except the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf
+ tion. It is ignored in all other cases. The -\b-I\bI option causes
+ local variables to inherit the attributes (except the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf
attribute) and value of any existing variable with the same _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
- at a surrounding scope. If there is no existing variable, the
+ at a surrounding scope. If there is no existing variable, the
local variable is initially unset. The following options can be
- used to restrict output to variables with the specified attri-
+ used to restrict output to variables with the specified attri-
bute or to give variables attributes:
- -\b-a\ba Each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an indexed array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs
+ -\b-a\ba Each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an indexed array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs
above).
- -\b-A\bA Each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an associative array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs
+ -\b-A\bA Each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an associative array variable (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs
above).
-\b-f\bf Use function names only.
-\b-i\bi The variable is treated as an integer; arithmetic evalua-
- tion (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above) is performed when
+ tion (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bHM\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above) is performed when
the variable is assigned a value.
- -\b-l\bl When the variable is assigned a value, all upper-case
- characters are converted to lower-case. The upper-case
+ -\b-l\bl When the variable is assigned a value, all upper-case
+ characters are converted to lower-case. The upper-case
attribute is disabled.
- -\b-n\bn Give each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf attribute, making it a name
- reference to another variable. That other variable is
- defined by the value of _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. All references, assign-
- ments, and attribute modifications to _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, except those
- using or changing the -\b-n\bn attribute itself, are performed
- on the variable referenced by _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be's value. The nameref
+ -\b-n\bn Give each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf attribute, making it a name
+ reference to another variable. That other variable is
+ defined by the value of _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. All references, assign-
+ ments, and attribute modifications to _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, except those
+ using or changing the -\b-n\bn attribute itself, are performed
+ on the variable referenced by _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be's value. The nameref
attribute cannot be applied to array variables.
-\b-r\br Make _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes readonly. These names cannot then be assigned
values by subsequent assignment statements or unset.
-\b-t\bt Give each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be the _\bt_\br_\ba_\bc_\be attribute. Traced functions in-
- herit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps from the calling shell.
+ herit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps from the calling shell.
The trace attribute has no special meaning for variables.
- -\b-u\bu When the variable is assigned a value, all lower-case
- characters are converted to upper-case. The lower-case
+ -\b-u\bu When the variable is assigned a value, all lower-case
+ characters are converted to upper-case. The lower-case
attribute is disabled.
- -\b-x\bx Mark _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes for export to subsequent commands via the en-
+ -\b-x\bx Mark _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes for export to subsequent commands via the en-
vironment.
- Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the attribute instead, with
- the exceptions that +\b+a\ba and +\b+A\bA may not be used to destroy array
- variables and +\b+r\br will not remove the readonly attribute. When
+ Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the attribute instead, with
+ the exceptions that +\b+a\ba and +\b+A\bA may not be used to destroy array
+ variables and +\b+r\br will not remove the readonly attribute. When
used in a function, d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be and t\bty\byp\bpe\bes\bse\bet\bt make each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be local, as
- with the l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl command, unless the -\b-g\bg option is supplied. If a
- variable name is followed by =_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be, the value of the variable
- is set to _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. When using -\b-a\ba or -\b-A\bA and the compound assign-
- ment syntax to create array variables, additional attributes do
- not take effect until subsequent assignments. The return value
+ with the l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl command, unless the -\b-g\bg option is supplied. If a
+ variable name is followed by =_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be, the value of the variable
+ is set to _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. When using -\b-a\ba or -\b-A\bA and the compound assign-
+ ment syntax to create array variables, additional attributes do
+ not take effect until subsequent assignments. The return value
is 0 unless an invalid option is encountered, an attempt is made
to define a function using ``-f foo=bar'', an attempt is made to
assign a value to a readonly variable, an attempt is made to as-
sign a value to an array variable without using the compound as-
- signment syntax (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs above), one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a
- valid shell variable name, an attempt is made to turn off read-
- only status for a readonly variable, an attempt is made to turn
+ signment syntax (see A\bAr\brr\bra\bay\bys\bs above), one of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a
+ valid shell variable name, an attempt is made to turn off read-
+ only status for a readonly variable, an attempt is made to turn
off array status for an array variable, or an attempt is made to
display a non-existent function with -\b-f\bf.
d\bdi\bir\brs\bs [\b[-\b-c\bcl\blp\bpv\bv]\b] [\b[+\b+_\bn]\b] [\b[-\b-_\bn]\b]
- Without options, displays the list of currently remembered di-
- rectories. The default display is on a single line with direc-
- tory names separated by spaces. Directories are added to the
- list with the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command; the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command removes entries
+ Without options, displays the list of currently remembered di-
+ rectories. The default display is on a single line with direc-
+ tory names separated by spaces. Directories are added to the
+ list with the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command; the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command removes entries
from the list. The current directory is always the first direc-
tory in the stack.
- -\b-c\bc Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the en-
+ -\b-c\bc Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the en-
tries.
- -\b-l\bl Produces a listing using full pathnames; the default
+ -\b-l\bl Produces a listing using full pathnames; the default
listing format uses a tilde to denote the home directory.
-\b-p\bp Print the directory stack with one entry per line.
- -\b-v\bv Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre-
+ -\b-v\bv Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre-
fixing each entry with its index in the stack.
+\b+_\bn Displays the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs when invoked without options, starting with
zero.
- -\b-_\bn Displays the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the
+ -\b-_\bn Displays the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the
list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs when invoked without options, starting
with zero.
- The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or _\bn
+ The return value is 0 unless an invalid option is supplied or _\bn
indexes beyond the end of the directory stack.
d\bdi\bis\bso\bow\bwn\bn [-\b-a\bar\br] [-\b-h\bh] [_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ... | _\bp_\bi_\bd ... ]
- Without options, remove each _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc from the table of active
- jobs. If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, and neither the -\b-a\ba nor the -\b-r\br
- option is supplied, the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb is used. If the -\b-h\bh option
- is given, each _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not removed from the table, but is
- marked so that S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP is not sent to the job if the shell re-
+ Without options, remove each _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc from the table of active
+ jobs. If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, and neither the -\b-a\ba nor the -\b-r\br
+ option is supplied, the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb is used. If the -\b-h\bh option
+ is given, each _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not removed from the table, but is
+ marked so that S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP is not sent to the job if the shell re-
ceives a S\bSI\bIG\bGH\bHU\bUP\bP. If no _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is supplied, the -\b-a\ba option means
- to remove or mark all jobs; the -\b-r\br option without a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ar-
+ to remove or mark all jobs; the -\b-r\br option without a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ar-
gument restricts operation to running jobs. The return value is
0 unless a _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc does not specify a valid job.
e\bec\bch\bho\bo [-\b-n\bne\beE\bE] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- Output the _\ba_\br_\bgs, separated by spaces, followed by a newline.
- The return status is 0 unless a write error occurs. If -\b-n\bn is
+ Output the _\ba_\br_\bgs, separated by spaces, followed by a newline.
+ The return status is 0 unless a write error occurs. If -\b-n\bn is
specified, the trailing newline is suppressed. If the -\b-e\be option
- is given, interpretation of the following backslash-escaped
- characters is enabled. The -\b-E\bE option disables the interpreta-
- tion of these escape characters, even on systems where they are
- interpreted by default. The x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo shell option may be used
- to dynamically determine whether or not e\bec\bch\bho\bo expands these es-
- cape characters by default. e\bec\bch\bho\bo does not interpret -\b--\b- to mean
- the end of options. e\bec\bch\bho\bo interprets the following escape se-
+ is given, interpretation of the following backslash-escaped
+ characters is enabled. The -\b-E\bE option disables the interpreta-
+ tion of these escape characters, even on systems where they are
+ interpreted by default. The x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo shell option may be used
+ to dynamically determine whether or not e\bec\bch\bho\bo expands these es-
+ cape characters by default. e\bec\bch\bho\bo does not interpret -\b--\b- to mean
+ the end of options. e\bec\bch\bho\bo interprets the following escape se-
quences:
\\b\a\ba alert (bell)
\\b\b\bb backspace
\\b\t\bt horizontal tab
\\b\v\bv vertical tab
\\b\\\b\ backslash
- \\b\0\b0_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
+ \\b\0\b0_\bn_\bn_\bn the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value
_\bn_\bn_\bn (zero to three octal digits)
- \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
+ \\b\x\bx_\bH_\bH the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal
value _\bH_\bH (one or two hex digits)
- \\b\u\bu_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
+ \\b\u\bu_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
hexadecimal value _\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH (one to four hex digits)
\\b\U\bU_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH
- the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
+ the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
hexadecimal value _\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH_\bH (one to eight hex digits)
e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be [-\b-a\ba] [-\b-d\bdn\bnp\bps\bs] [-\b-f\bf _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
+ Enable and disable builtin shell commands. Disabling a builtin
allows a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin
- to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
- the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
- If -\b-n\bn is used, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is disabled; otherwise, _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are en-
- abled. For example, to use the t\bte\bes\bst\bt binary found via the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH
- instead of the shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
- The -\b-f\bf option means to load the new builtin command _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from
+ to be executed without specifying a full pathname, even though
+ the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
+ If -\b-n\bn is used, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is disabled; otherwise, _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are en-
+ abled. For example, to use the t\bte\bes\bst\bt binary found via the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH
+ instead of the shell builtin version, run ``enable -n test''.
+ The -\b-f\bf option means to load the new builtin command _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from
shared object _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, on systems that support dynamic loading.
Bash will use the value of the B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_L\bLO\bOA\bAD\bDA\bAB\bBL\bLE\bES\bS_\b_P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH variable as a
colon-separated list of directories in which to search for _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b-
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. The default is system-dependent. The -\b-d\bd option will
- delete a builtin previously loaded with -\b-f\bf. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be argu-
- ments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a list of
- shell builtins is printed. With no other option arguments, the
+ _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. The default is system-dependent. The -\b-d\bd option will
+ delete a builtin previously loaded with -\b-f\bf. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be argu-
+ ments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a list of
+ shell builtins is printed. With no other option arguments, the
list consists of all enabled shell builtins. If -\b-n\bn is supplied,
only disabled builtins are printed. If -\b-a\ba is supplied, the list
- printed includes all builtins, with an indication of whether or
- not each is enabled. If -\b-s\bs is supplied, the output is re-
- stricted to the POSIX _\bs_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\ba_\bl builtins. If no options are sup-
- plied and a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a shell builtin, e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be will attempt to
- load _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from a shared object named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, as if the command
- were ``enable -f _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be . The return value is 0 unless a
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a shell builtin or there is an error loading a new
+ printed includes all builtins, with an indication of whether or
+ not each is enabled. If -\b-s\bs is supplied, the output is re-
+ stricted to the POSIX _\bs_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\ba_\bl builtins. If no options are sup-
+ plied and a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a shell builtin, e\ben\bna\bab\bbl\ble\be will attempt to
+ load _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from a shared object named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, as if the command
+ were ``enable -f _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be . The return value is 0 unless a
+ _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a shell builtin or there is an error loading a new
builtin from a shared object.
e\bev\bva\bal\bl [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- The _\ba_\br_\bgs are read and concatenated together into a single com-
- mand. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
- its exit status is returned as the value of e\bev\bva\bal\bl. If there are
+ The _\ba_\br_\bgs are read and concatenated together into a single com-
+ mand. This command is then read and executed by the shell, and
+ its exit status is returned as the value of e\bev\bva\bal\bl. If there are
no _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs, or only null arguments, e\bev\bva\bal\bl returns 0.
e\bex\bxe\bec\bc [-\b-c\bcl\bl] [-\b-a\ba _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]]
- If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process
- is created. The _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs become the arguments to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. If
+ If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is specified, it replaces the shell. No new process
+ is created. The _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs become the arguments to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. If
the -\b-l\bl option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the begin-
ning of the zeroth argument passed to _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd. This is what _\bl_\bo_\b-
- _\bg_\bi_\bn(1) does. The -\b-c\bc option causes _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be executed with
- an empty environment. If -\b-a\ba is supplied, the shell passes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
+ _\bg_\bi_\bn(1) does. The -\b-c\bc option causes _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd to be executed with
+ an empty environment. If -\b-a\ba is supplied, the shell passes _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
as the zeroth argument to the executed command. If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd can-
- not be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
- unless the e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl shell option is enabled. In that case, it
- returns failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the
- file cannot be executed. A subshell exits unconditionally if
- e\bex\bxe\bec\bc fails. If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is not specified, any redirections take
- effect in the current shell, and the return status is 0. If
+ not be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
+ unless the e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl shell option is enabled. In that case, it
+ returns failure. An interactive shell returns failure if the
+ file cannot be executed. A subshell exits unconditionally if
+ e\bex\bxe\bec\bc fails. If _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is not specified, any redirections take
+ effect in the current shell, and the return status is 0. If
there is a redirection error, the return status is 1.
e\bex\bxi\bit\bt [_\bn]
- Cause the shell to exit with a status of _\bn. If _\bn is omitted,
+ Cause the shell to exit with a status of _\bn. If _\bn is omitted,
the exit status is that of the last command executed. A trap on
E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT is executed before the shell terminates.
e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt [-\b-f\bfn\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd]] ...
e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt -\b-p\bp
- The supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked for automatic export to the envi-
- ronment of subsequently executed commands. If the -\b-f\bf option is
- given, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs refer to functions. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are given, or
- if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a list of names of all exported
- variables is printed. The -\b-n\bn option causes the export property
+ The supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked for automatic export to the envi-
+ ronment of subsequently executed commands. If the -\b-f\bf option is
+ given, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs refer to functions. If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are given, or
+ if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a list of names of all exported
+ variables is printed. The -\b-n\bn option causes the export property
to be removed from each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If a variable name is followed by
=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt returns
an exit status of 0 unless an invalid option is encountered, one
- of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell variable name, or -\b-f\bf is sup-
+ of the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell variable name, or -\b-f\bf is sup-
plied with a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that is not a function.
f\bfc\bc [-\b-e\be _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-l\bln\bnr\br] [_\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt] [_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt]
f\bfc\bc -\b-s\bs [_\bp_\ba_\bt=_\br_\be_\bp] [_\bc_\bm_\bd]
- The first form selects a range of commands from _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt to _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt
- from the history list and displays or edits and re-executes
- them. _\bF_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt and _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt may be specified as a string (to locate
- the last command beginning with that string) or as a number (an
- index into the history list, where a negative number is used as
- an offset from the current command number). When listing, a
- _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt or _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt of 0 is equivalent to -1 and -0 is equivalent to
- the current command (usually the f\bfc\bc command); otherwise 0 is
- equivalent to -1 and -0 is invalid. If _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is not specified,
- it is set to the current command for listing (so that ``fc -l
- -10'' prints the last 10 commands) and to _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt otherwise. If
- _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt is not specified, it is set to the previous command for
+ The first form selects a range of commands from _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt to _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt
+ from the history list and displays or edits and re-executes
+ them. _\bF_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt and _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt may be specified as a string (to locate
+ the last command beginning with that string) or as a number (an
+ index into the history list, where a negative number is used as
+ an offset from the current command number). When listing, a
+ _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt or _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt of 0 is equivalent to -1 and -0 is equivalent to
+ the current command (usually the f\bfc\bc command); otherwise 0 is
+ equivalent to -1 and -0 is invalid. If _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt is not specified,
+ it is set to the current command for listing (so that ``fc -l
+ -10'' prints the last 10 commands) and to _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt otherwise. If
+ _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt is not specified, it is set to the previous command for
editing and -16 for listing.
- The -\b-n\bn option suppresses the command numbers when listing. The
- -\b-r\br option reverses the order of the commands. If the -\b-l\bl option
- is given, the commands are listed on standard output. Other-
- wise, the editor given by _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is invoked on a file containing
- those commands. If _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not given, the value of the F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT
- variable is used, and the value of E\bED\bDI\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR if F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT is not set.
- If neither variable is set, _\bv_\bi is used. When editing is com-
+ The -\b-n\bn option suppresses the command numbers when listing. The
+ -\b-r\br option reverses the order of the commands. If the -\b-l\bl option
+ is given, the commands are listed on standard output. Other-
+ wise, the editor given by _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is invoked on a file containing
+ those commands. If _\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not given, the value of the F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT
+ variable is used, and the value of E\bED\bDI\bIT\bTO\bOR\bR if F\bFC\bCE\bED\bDI\bIT\bT is not set.
+ If neither variable is set, _\bv_\bi is used. When editing is com-
plete, the edited commands are echoed and executed.
- In the second form, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is re-executed after each instance
- of _\bp_\ba_\bt is replaced by _\br_\be_\bp. _\bC_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is interpreted the same as
- _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt above. A useful alias to use with this is ``r="fc -s"'',
- so that typing ``r cc'' runs the last command beginning with
+ In the second form, _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is re-executed after each instance
+ of _\bp_\ba_\bt is replaced by _\br_\be_\bp. _\bC_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is interpreted the same as
+ _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt above. A useful alias to use with this is ``r="fc -s"'',
+ so that typing ``r cc'' runs the last command beginning with
``cc'' and typing ``r'' re-executes the last command.
- If the first form is used, the return value is 0 unless an in-
- valid option is encountered or _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt or _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt specify history
- lines out of range. If the -\b-e\be option is supplied, the return
+ If the first form is used, the return value is 0 unless an in-
+ valid option is encountered or _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt or _\bl_\ba_\bs_\bt specify history
+ lines out of range. If the -\b-e\be option is supplied, the return
value is the value of the last command executed or failure if an
error occurs with the temporary file of commands. If the second
- form is used, the return status is that of the command re-exe-
- cuted, unless _\bc_\bm_\bd does not specify a valid history line, in
+ form is used, the return status is that of the command re-exe-
+ cuted, unless _\bc_\bm_\bd does not specify a valid history line, in
which case f\bfc\bc returns failure.
f\bfg\bg [_\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc]
- Resume _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the foreground, and make it the current job.
+ Resume _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc in the foreground, and make it the current job.
If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not present, the shell's notion of the _\bc_\bu_\br_\br_\be_\bn_\bt _\bj_\bo_\bb
- is used. The return value is that of the command placed into
- the foreground, or failure if run when job control is disabled
+ is used. The return value is that of the command placed into
+ the foreground, or failure if run when job control is disabled
or, when run with job control enabled, if _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc does not spec-
- ify a valid job or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc specifies a job that was started
+ ify a valid job or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc specifies a job that was started
without job control.
g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\ba_\br_\bg _\b._\b._\b.]
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is used by shell procedures to parse positional parame-
- ters. _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg contains the option characters to be recog-
- nized; if a character is followed by a colon, the option is ex-
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is used by shell procedures to parse positional parame-
+ ters. _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg contains the option characters to be recog-
+ nized; if a character is followed by a colon, the option is ex-
pected to have an argument, which should be separated from it by
- white space. The colon and question mark characters may not be
- used as option characters. Each time it is invoked, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
- places the next option in the shell variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, initializing
+ white space. The colon and question mark characters may not be
+ used as option characters. Each time it is invoked, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
+ places the next option in the shell variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, initializing
_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be if it does not exist, and the index of the next argument to
be processed into the variable O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is initialized to
1 each time the shell or a shell script is invoked. When an op-
tion requires an argument, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places that argument into the
variable O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. The shell does not reset O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD automatically;
- it must be manually reset between multiple calls to g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
- within the same shell invocation if a new set of parameters is
+ it must be manually reset between multiple calls to g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs
+ within the same shell invocation if a new set of parameters is
to be used.
When the end of options is encountered, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs exits with a re-
turn value greater than zero. O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bND\bD is set to the index of the
first non-option argument, and _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set to ?.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs normally parses the positional parameters, but if more
- arguments are supplied as _\ba_\br_\bg values, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs parses those in-
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs normally parses the positional parameters, but if more
+ arguments are supplied as _\ba_\br_\bg values, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs parses those in-
stead.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs can report errors in two ways. If the first character
- of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is a colon, _\bs_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\bt error reporting is used. In
- normal operation, diagnostic messages are printed when invalid
- options or missing option arguments are encountered. If the
- variable O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR is set to 0, no error messages will be dis-
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs can report errors in two ways. If the first character
+ of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is a colon, _\bs_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\bt error reporting is used. In
+ normal operation, diagnostic messages are printed when invalid
+ options or missing option arguments are encountered. If the
+ variable O\bOP\bPT\bTE\bER\bRR\bR is set to 0, no error messages will be dis-
played, even if the first character of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg is not a colon.
If an invalid option is seen, g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs places ? into _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and, if
- not silent, prints an error message and unsets O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. If
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, the option character found is placed in O\bOP\bP-\b-
+ not silent, prints an error message and unsets O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG. If
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, the option character found is placed in O\bOP\bP-\b-
T\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG and no diagnostic message is printed.
- If a required argument is not found, and g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is not silent,
- a question mark (?\b?) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is unset, and a
- diagnostic message is printed. If g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, then a
- colon (:\b:) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is set to the option
+ If a required argument is not found, and g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is not silent,
+ a question mark (?\b?) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is unset, and a
+ diagnostic message is printed. If g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs is silent, then a
+ colon (:\b:) is placed in _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be and O\bOP\bPT\bTA\bAR\bRG\bG is set to the option
character found.
- g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is
+ g\bge\bet\bto\bop\bpt\bts\bs returns true if an option, specified or unspecified, is
found. It returns false if the end of options is encountered or
an error occurs.
h\bha\bas\bsh\bh [-\b-l\blr\br] [-\b-p\bp _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bdt\bt] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be]
Each time h\bha\bas\bsh\bh is invoked, the full pathname of the command _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
- is determined by searching the directories in $\b$P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH and remem-
+ is determined by searching the directories in $\b$P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH and remem-
bered. Any previously-remembered pathname is discarded. If the
-\b-p\bp option is supplied, no path search is performed, and _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
- is used as the full filename of the command. The -\b-r\br option
+ is used as the full filename of the command. The -\b-r\br option
causes the shell to forget all remembered locations. The -\b-d\bd op-
- tion causes the shell to forget the remembered location of each
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If the -\b-t\bt option is supplied, the full pathname to which
- each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be corresponds is printed. If multiple _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments
+ tion causes the shell to forget the remembered location of each
+ _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If the -\b-t\bt option is supplied, the full pathname to which
+ each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be corresponds is printed. If multiple _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments
are supplied with -\b-t\bt, the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is printed before the hashed full
pathname. The -\b-l\bl option causes output to be displayed in a for-
- mat that may be reused as input. If no arguments are given, or
+ mat that may be reused as input. If no arguments are given, or
if only -\b-l\bl is supplied, information about remembered commands is
- printed. The return status is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found
+ printed. The return status is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found
or an invalid option is supplied.
h\bhe\bel\blp\bp [-\b-d\bdm\bms\bs] [_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn]
- Display helpful information about builtin commands. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
- is specified, h\bhe\bel\blp\bp gives detailed help on all commands matching
- _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn; otherwise help for all the builtins and shell control
+ Display helpful information about builtin commands. If _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
+ is specified, h\bhe\bel\blp\bp gives detailed help on all commands matching
+ _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn; otherwise help for all the builtins and shell control
structures is printed.
-\b-d\bd Display a short description of each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn
-\b-m\bm Display the description of each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn in a manpage-like
h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by -\b-s\bs _\ba_\br_\bg [_\ba_\br_\bg _\b._\b._\b.]
With no options, display the command history list with line num-
bers. Lines listed with a *\b* have been modified. An argument of
- _\bn lists only the last _\bn lines. If the shell variable H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bE-\b-
- F\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set and not null, it is used as a format string for
- _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) to display the time stamp associated with each dis-
- played history entry. No intervening blank is printed between
- the formatted time stamp and the history line. If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
- supplied, it is used as the name of the history file; if not,
- the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is used. Options, if supplied, have the
+ _\bn lists only the last _\bn lines. If the shell variable H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bE-\b-
+ F\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT is set and not null, it is used as a format string for
+ _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3) to display the time stamp associated with each dis-
+ played history entry. No intervening blank is printed between
+ the formatted time stamp and the history line. If _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is
+ supplied, it is used as the name of the history file; if not,
+ the value of H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is used. Options, if supplied, have the
following meanings:
-\b-c\bc Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.
-\b-d\bd _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt
- Delete the history entry at position _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt. If _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt
+ Delete the history entry at position _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt. If _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt
is negative, it is interpreted as relative to one greater
than the last history position, so negative indices count
- back from the end of the history, and an index of -1
+ back from the end of the history, and an index of -1
refers to the current h\bhi\bis\bst\bto\bor\bry\by -\b-d\bd command.
-\b-d\bd _\bs_\bt_\ba_\br_\bt-_\be_\bn_\bd
- Delete the range of history entries between positions
- _\bs_\bt_\ba_\br_\bt and _\be_\bn_\bd, inclusive. Positive and negative values
+ Delete the range of history entries between positions
+ _\bs_\bt_\ba_\br_\bt and _\be_\bn_\bd, inclusive. Positive and negative values
for _\bs_\bt_\ba_\br_\bt and _\be_\bn_\bd are interpreted as described above.
- -\b-a\ba Append the ``new'' history lines to the history file.
- These are history lines entered since the beginning of
+ -\b-a\ba Append the ``new'' history lines to the history file.
+ These are history lines entered since the beginning of
the current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session, but not already appended to the
history file.
- -\b-n\bn Read the history lines not already read from the history
- file into the current history list. These are lines ap-
- pended to the history file since the beginning of the
+ -\b-n\bn Read the history lines not already read from the history
+ file into the current history list. These are lines ap-
+ pended to the history file since the beginning of the
current b\bba\bas\bsh\bh session.
- -\b-r\br Read the contents of the history file and append them to
+ -\b-r\br Read the contents of the history file and append them to
the current history list.
-\b-w\bw Write the current history list to the history file, over-
writing the history file's contents.
- -\b-p\bp Perform history substitution on the following _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs and
- display the result on the standard output. Does not
- store the results in the history list. Each _\ba_\br_\bg must be
+ -\b-p\bp Perform history substitution on the following _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs and
+ display the result on the standard output. Does not
+ store the results in the history list. Each _\ba_\br_\bg must be
quoted to disable normal history expansion.
- -\b-s\bs Store the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs in the history list as a single entry.
- The last command in the history list is removed before
+ -\b-s\bs Store the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs in the history list as a single entry.
+ The last command in the history list is removed before
the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs are added.
- If the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT variable is set, the time stamp informa-
- tion associated with each history entry is written to the his-
- tory file, marked with the history comment character. When the
- history file is read, lines beginning with the history comment
- character followed immediately by a digit are interpreted as
+ If the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTT\bTI\bIM\bME\bEF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bT variable is set, the time stamp informa-
+ tion associated with each history entry is written to the his-
+ tory file, marked with the history comment character. When the
+ history file is read, lines beginning with the history comment
+ character followed immediately by a digit are interpreted as
timestamps for the following history entry. The return value is
0 unless an invalid option is encountered, an error occurs while
- reading or writing the history file, an invalid _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt or range
- is supplied as an argument to -\b-d\bd, or the history expansion sup-
+ reading or writing the history file, an invalid _\bo_\bf_\bf_\bs_\be_\bt or range
+ is supplied as an argument to -\b-d\bd, or the history expansion sup-
plied as an argument to -\b-p\bp fails.
j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs [-\b-l\bln\bnp\bpr\brs\bs] [ _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ... ]
The first form lists the active jobs. The options have the fol-
lowing meanings:
-\b-l\bl List process IDs in addition to the normal information.
- -\b-n\bn Display information only about jobs that have changed
+ -\b-n\bn Display information only about jobs that have changed
status since the user was last notified of their status.
- -\b-p\bp List only the process ID of the job's process group
+ -\b-p\bp List only the process ID of the job's process group
leader.
-\b-r\br Display only running jobs.
-\b-s\bs Display only stopped jobs.
- If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is given, output is restricted to information about
- that job. The return status is 0 unless an invalid option is
+ If _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is given, output is restricted to information about
+ that job. The return status is 0 unless an invalid option is
encountered or an invalid _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is supplied.
If the -\b-x\bx option is supplied, j\bjo\bob\bbs\bs replaces any _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc found in
k\bki\bil\bll\bl [-\b-s\bs _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc | -\b-n\bn _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm | -\b-_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc] [_\bp_\bi_\bd | _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc] ...
k\bki\bil\bll\bl -\b-l\bl|-\b-L\bL [_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc | _\be_\bx_\bi_\bt_\b__\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs]
- Send the signal named by _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc or _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm to the processes
- named by _\bp_\bi_\bd or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a case-insensitive
- signal name such as S\bSI\bIG\bGK\bKI\bIL\bLL\bL (with or without the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix) or
- a signal number; _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm is a signal number. If _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not
- present, then S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM is assumed. An argument of -\b-l\bl lists the
- signal names. If any arguments are supplied when -\b-l\bl is given,
- the names of the signals corresponding to the arguments are
+ Send the signal named by _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc or _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm to the processes
+ named by _\bp_\bi_\bd or _\bj_\bo_\bb_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a case-insensitive
+ signal name such as S\bSI\bIG\bGK\bKI\bIL\bLL\bL (with or without the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix) or
+ a signal number; _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bu_\bm is a signal number. If _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is not
+ present, then S\bSI\bIG\bGT\bTE\bER\bRM\bM is assumed. An argument of -\b-l\bl lists the
+ signal names. If any arguments are supplied when -\b-l\bl is given,
+ the names of the signals corresponding to the arguments are
listed, and the return status is 0. The _\be_\bx_\bi_\bt_\b__\bs_\bt_\ba_\bt_\bu_\bs argument to
- -\b-l\bl is a number specifying either a signal number or the exit
- status of a process terminated by a signal. The -\b-L\bL option is
- equivalent to -\b-l\bl. k\bki\bil\bll\bl returns true if at least one signal was
+ -\b-l\bl is a number specifying either a signal number or the exit
+ status of a process terminated by a signal. The -\b-L\bL option is
+ equivalent to -\b-l\bl. k\bki\bil\bll\bl returns true if at least one signal was
successfully sent, or false if an error occurs or an invalid op-
tion is encountered.
l\ble\bet\bt _\ba_\br_\bg [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
Each _\ba_\br_\bg is an arithmetic expression to be evaluated (see A\bAR\bRI\bIT\bTH\bH-\b-
- M\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). If the last _\ba_\br_\bg evaluates to 0, l\ble\bet\bt
+ M\bME\bET\bTI\bIC\bC E\bEV\bVA\bAL\bLU\bUA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). If the last _\ba_\br_\bg evaluates to 0, l\ble\bet\bt
returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.
l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be] ... | - ]
- For each argument, a local variable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is created, and
- assigned _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn can be any of the options accepted
+ For each argument, a local variable named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is created, and
+ assigned _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn can be any of the options accepted
by d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be. When l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used within a function, it causes the
- variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to have a visible scope restricted to that func-
- tion and its children. If _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is -, the set of shell options
- is made local to the function in which l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is invoked: shell
- options changed using the s\bse\bet\bt builtin inside the function are
- restored to their original values when the function returns.
+ variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to have a visible scope restricted to that func-
+ tion and its children. If _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is -, the set of shell options
+ is made local to the function in which l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is invoked: shell
+ options changed using the s\bse\bet\bt builtin inside the function are
+ restored to their original values when the function returns.
The restore is effected as if a series of s\bse\bet\bt commands were exe-
- cuted to restore the values that were in place before the func-
- tion. With no operands, l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl writes a list of local variables
- to the standard output. It is an error to use l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl when not
- within a function. The return status is 0 unless l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used
- outside a function, an invalid _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is supplied, or _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is a
+ cuted to restore the values that were in place before the func-
+ tion. With no operands, l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl writes a list of local variables
+ to the standard output. It is an error to use l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl when not
+ within a function. The return status is 0 unless l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl is used
+ outside a function, an invalid _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is supplied, or _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is a
readonly variable.
l\blo\bog\bgo\bou\but\bt Exit a login shell.
- m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be [-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm] [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC
+ m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be [-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm] [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC
_\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk] [-\b-c\bc _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm] [_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by]
r\bre\bea\bad\bda\bar\brr\bra\bay\by [-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm] [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC
_\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk] [-\b-c\bc _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm] [_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by]
- Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array vari-
- able _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by, or from file descriptor _\bf_\bd if the -\b-u\bu option is sup-
- plied. The variable M\bMA\bAP\bPF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is the default _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by. Options, if
+ Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array vari-
+ able _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by, or from file descriptor _\bf_\bd if the -\b-u\bu option is sup-
+ plied. The variable M\bMA\bAP\bPF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is the default _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by. Options, if
supplied, have the following meanings:
- -\b-d\bd The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is used to terminate each
- input line, rather than newline. If _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is the empty
+ -\b-d\bd The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is used to terminate each
+ input line, rather than newline. If _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is the empty
string, m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be will terminate a line when it reads a NUL
character.
- -\b-n\bn Copy at most _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines. If _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt is 0, all lines are
+ -\b-n\bn Copy at most _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines. If _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt is 0, all lines are
copied.
- -\b-O\bO Begin assigning to _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by at index _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn. The default
+ -\b-O\bO Begin assigning to _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by at index _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn. The default
index is 0.
-\b-s\bs Discard the first _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines read.
- -\b-t\bt Remove a trailing _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm (default newline) from each line
+ -\b-t\bt Remove a trailing _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm (default newline) from each line
read.
- -\b-u\bu Read lines from file descriptor _\bf_\bd instead of the stan-
+ -\b-u\bu Read lines from file descriptor _\bf_\bd instead of the stan-
dard input.
- -\b-C\bC Evaluate _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk each time _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm lines are read. The
+ -\b-C\bC Evaluate _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk each time _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm lines are read. The
-\b-c\bc option specifies _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm.
- -\b-c\bc Specify the number of lines read between each call to
+ -\b-c\bc Specify the number of lines read between each call to
_\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk.
- If -\b-C\bC is specified without -\b-c\bc, the default quantum is 5000.
+ If -\b-C\bC is specified without -\b-c\bc, the default quantum is 5000.
When _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next
array element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that
- element as additional arguments. _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated after
+ element as additional arguments. _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated after
the line is read but before the array element is assigned.
- If not supplied with an explicit origin, m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be will clear _\ba_\br_\b-
+ If not supplied with an explicit origin, m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be will clear _\ba_\br_\b-
_\br_\ba_\by before assigning to it.
- m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
- argument is supplied, _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by is invalid or unassignable, or if
+ m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
+ argument is supplied, _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by is invalid or unassignable, or if
_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by is not an indexed array.
p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd [-n\bn] [+_\bn] [-_\bn]
Removes entries from the directory stack. The elements are num-
- bered from 0 starting at the first directory listed by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs.
- With no arguments, p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd removes the top directory from the
+ bered from 0 starting at the first directory listed by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs.
+ With no arguments, p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd removes the top directory from the
stack, and changes to the new top directory. Arguments, if sup-
plied, have the following meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
+ -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
directories from the stack, so that only the stack is ma-
nipulated.
- +\b+_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
- shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero, from the stack. For
- example: ``popd +0'' removes the first directory, ``popd
+ +\b+_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
+ shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero, from the stack. For
+ example: ``popd +0'' removes the first directory, ``popd
+1'' the second.
-\b-_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the list
- shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
- -0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to
+ shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+ -0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to
last.
- If the top element of the directory stack is modified, and the
- _\b-_\bn option was not supplied, p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd uses the c\bcd\bd builtin to change
+ If the top element of the directory stack is modified, and the
+ _\b-_\bn option was not supplied, p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd uses the c\bcd\bd builtin to change
to the directory at the top of the stack. If the c\bcd\bd fails, p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd
returns a non-zero value.
- Otherwise, p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd returns false if an invalid option is encoun-
+ Otherwise, p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd returns false if an invalid option is encoun-
tered, the directory stack is empty, or a non-existent directory
stack entry is specified.
- If the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command is successful, bash runs d\bdi\bir\brs\bs to show the
- final contents of the directory stack, and the return status is
+ If the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command is successful, bash runs d\bdi\bir\brs\bs to show the
+ final contents of the directory stack, and the return status is
0.
p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf [-\b-v\bv _\bv_\ba_\br] _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
- Write the formatted _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs to the standard output under the
- control of the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt. The -\b-v\bv option causes the output to be
- assigned to the variable _\bv_\ba_\br rather than being printed to the
+ Write the formatted _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs to the standard output under the
+ control of the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt. The -\b-v\bv option causes the output to be
+ assigned to the variable _\bv_\ba_\br rather than being printed to the
standard output.
- The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is a character string which contains three types of
- objects: plain characters, which are simply copied to standard
- output, character escape sequences, which are converted and
- copied to the standard output, and format specifications, each
- of which causes printing of the next successive _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt. In
+ The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is a character string which contains three types of
+ objects: plain characters, which are simply copied to standard
+ output, character escape sequences, which are converted and
+ copied to the standard output, and format specifications, each
+ of which causes printing of the next successive _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt. In
addition to the standard _\bp_\br_\bi_\bn_\bt_\bf(1) format specifications, p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf
interprets the following extensions:
%\b%b\bb causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to expand backslash escape sequences in the
corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt in the same way as e\bec\bch\bho\bo -\b-e\be.
- %\b%q\bq causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt in a
+ %\b%q\bq causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt in a
format that can be reused as shell input.
- %\b%Q\bQ like %\b%q\bq, but applies any supplied precision to the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
+ %\b%Q\bQ like %\b%q\bq, but applies any supplied precision to the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt before quoting it.
%\b%(\b(_\bd_\ba_\bt_\be_\bf_\bm_\bt)\b)T\bT
- causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the date-time string resulting
- from using _\bd_\ba_\bt_\be_\bf_\bm_\bt as a format string for _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3).
+ causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the date-time string resulting
+ from using _\bd_\ba_\bt_\be_\bf_\bm_\bt as a format string for _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3).
The corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt is an integer representing the
- number of seconds since the epoch. Two special argument
- values may be used: -1 represents the current time, and
- -2 represents the time the shell was invoked. If no ar-
+ number of seconds since the epoch. Two special argument
+ values may be used: -1 represents the current time, and
+ -2 represents the time the shell was invoked. If no ar-
gument is specified, conversion behaves as if -1 had been
- given. This is an exception to the usual p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf behav-
+ given. This is an exception to the usual p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf behav-
ior.
The %b, %q, and %T directives all use the field width and preci-
bytes from (or use that wide a field for) the expanded argument,
which usually contains more characters than the original.
- Arguments to non-string format specifiers are treated as C con-
+ Arguments to non-string format specifiers are treated as C con-
stants, except that a leading plus or minus sign is allowed, and
- if the leading character is a single or double quote, the value
+ if the leading character is a single or double quote, the value
is the ASCII value of the following character.
- The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is reused as necessary to consume all of the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
+ The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is reused as necessary to consume all of the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs. If the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt requires more _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs than are supplied,
- the extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or
- null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
+ the extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or
+ null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
value is zero on success, non-zero on failure.
p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd [-\b-n\bn] [+_\bn] [-_\bn]
p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd [-\b-n\bn] [_\bd_\bi_\br]
- Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
- the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
- directory. With no arguments, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd exchanges the top two ele-
- ments of the directory stack. Arguments, if supplied, have the
+ Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
+ the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
+ directory. With no arguments, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd exchanges the top two ele-
+ ments of the directory stack. Arguments, if supplied, have the
following meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when rotating
- or adding directories to the stack, so that only the
+ -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when rotating
+ or adding directories to the stack, so that only the
stack is manipulated.
- +\b+_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
- from the left of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
+ +\b+_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
+ from the left of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
zero) is at the top.
- -\b-_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
- from the right of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
+ -\b-_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
+ from the right of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
zero) is at the top.
_\bd_\bi_\br Adds _\bd_\bi_\br to the directory stack at the top
After the stack has been modified, if the -\b-n\bn option was not sup-
- plied, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd uses the c\bcd\bd builtin to change to the directory at
+ plied, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd uses the c\bcd\bd builtin to change to the directory at
the top of the stack. If the c\bcd\bd fails, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns a non-zero
value.
- Otherwise, if no arguments are supplied, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless
- the directory stack is empty. When rotating the directory
- stack, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the directory stack is empty or a
+ Otherwise, if no arguments are supplied, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless
+ the directory stack is empty. When rotating the directory
+ stack, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the directory stack is empty or a
non-existent directory stack element is specified.
- If the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command is successful, bash runs d\bdi\bir\brs\bs to show the
+ If the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command is successful, bash runs d\bdi\bir\brs\bs to show the
final contents of the directory stack.
p\bpw\bwd\bd [-\b-L\bLP\bP]
- Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
+ Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
The pathname printed contains no symbolic links if the -\b-P\bP option
is supplied or the -\b-o\bo p\bph\bhy\bys\bsi\bic\bca\bal\bl option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command
- is enabled. If the -\b-L\bL option is used, the pathname printed may
- contain symbolic links. The return status is 0 unless an error
+ is enabled. If the -\b-L\bL option is used, the pathname printed may
+ contain symbolic links. The return status is 0 unless an error
occurs while reading the name of the current directory or an in-
valid option is supplied.
r\bre\bea\bad\bd [-\b-e\ber\brs\bs] [-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm] [-\b-i\bi _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt] [-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs] [-\b-N\bN _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs] [-\b-p\bp
_\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt] [-\b-t\bt _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- One line is read from the standard input, or from the file de-
+ One line is read from the standard input, or from the file de-
scriptor _\bf_\bd supplied as an argument to the -\b-u\bu option, split into
- words as described above under W\bWo\bor\brd\bd S\bSp\bpl\bli\bit\btt\bti\bin\bng\bg, and the first
- word is assigned to the first _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the second word to the sec-
- ond _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and so on. If there are more words than names, the
+ words as described above under W\bWo\bor\brd\bd S\bSp\bpl\bli\bit\btt\bti\bin\bng\bg, and the first
+ word is assigned to the first _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the second word to the sec-
+ ond _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and so on. If there are more words than names, the
remaining words and their intervening delimiters are assigned to
- the last _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If there are fewer words read from the input
- stream than names, the remaining names are assigned empty val-
- ues. The characters in I\bIF\bFS\bS are used to split the line into
- words using the same rules the shell uses for expansion (de-
- scribed above under W\bWo\bor\brd\bd S\bSp\bpl\bli\bit\btt\bti\bin\bng\bg). The backslash character
+ the last _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If there are fewer words read from the input
+ stream than names, the remaining names are assigned empty val-
+ ues. The characters in I\bIF\bFS\bS are used to split the line into
+ words using the same rules the shell uses for expansion (de-
+ scribed above under W\bWo\bor\brd\bd S\bSp\bpl\bli\bit\btt\bti\bin\bng\bg). The backslash character
(\\b\) may be used to remove any special meaning for the next char-
- acter read and for line continuation. Options, if supplied,
+ acter read and for line continuation. Options, if supplied,
have the following meanings:
-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
The words are assigned to sequential indices of the array
variable _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, starting at 0. _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is unset before any
- new values are assigned. Other _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are ig-
+ new values are assigned. Other _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are ig-
nored.
-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm
The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is used to terminate the in-
- put line, rather than newline. If _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is the empty
- string, r\bre\bea\bad\bd will terminate a line when it reads a NUL
+ put line, rather than newline. If _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is the empty
+ string, r\bre\bea\bad\bd will terminate a line when it reads a NUL
character.
-\b-e\be If the standard input is coming from a terminal, r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be
- (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE above) is used to obtain the line. Read-
- line uses the current (or default, if line editing was
- not previously active) editing settings, but uses Read-
+ (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE above) is used to obtain the line. Read-
+ line uses the current (or default, if line editing was
+ not previously active) editing settings, but uses Read-
line's default filename completion.
-\b-i\bi _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt
- If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used to read the line, _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt is
+ If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used to read the line, _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt is
placed into the editing buffer before editing begins.
-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs
- r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters rather than
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters rather than
waiting for a complete line of input, but honors a delim-
- iter if fewer than _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters are read before the
+ iter if fewer than _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters are read before the
delimiter.
-\b-N\bN _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs
- r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading exactly _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters
- rather than waiting for a complete line of input, unless
- EOF is encountered or r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out. Delimiter charac-
- ters encountered in the input are not treated specially
- and do not cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to return until _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters
- are read. The result is not split on the characters in
- I\bIF\bFS\bS; the intent is that the variable is assigned exactly
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading exactly _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters
+ rather than waiting for a complete line of input, unless
+ EOF is encountered or r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out. Delimiter charac-
+ ters encountered in the input are not treated specially
+ and do not cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to return until _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters
+ are read. The result is not split on the characters in
+ I\bIF\bFS\bS; the intent is that the variable is assigned exactly
the characters read (with the exception of backslash; see
the -\b-r\br option below).
-\b-p\bp _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt
line, before attempting to read any input. The prompt is
displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.
-\b-r\br Backslash does not act as an escape character. The back-
- slash is considered to be part of the line. In particu-
- lar, a backslash-newline pair may not then be used as a
+ slash is considered to be part of the line. In particu-
+ lar, a backslash-newline pair may not then be used as a
line continuation.
-\b-s\bs Silent mode. If input is coming from a terminal, charac-
ters are not echoed.
-\b-t\bt _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt
- Cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to time out and return failure if a complete
- line of input (or a specified number of characters) is
- not read within _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt seconds. _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt may be a deci-
- mal number with a fractional portion following the deci-
- mal point. This option is only effective if r\bre\bea\bad\bd is
- reading input from a terminal, pipe, or other special
- file; it has no effect when reading from regular files.
+ Cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to time out and return failure if a complete
+ line of input (or a specified number of characters) is
+ not read within _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt seconds. _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt may be a deci-
+ mal number with a fractional portion following the deci-
+ mal point. This option is only effective if r\bre\bea\bad\bd is
+ reading input from a terminal, pipe, or other special
+ file; it has no effect when reading from regular files.
If r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out, r\bre\bea\bad\bd saves any partial input read into
- the specified variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt is 0, r\bre\bea\bad\bd re-
- turns immediately, without trying to read any data. The
- exit status is 0 if input is available on the specified
- file descriptor, or the read will return EOF, non-zero
- otherwise. The exit status is greater than 128 if the
+ the specified variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt is 0, r\bre\bea\bad\bd re-
+ turns immediately, without trying to read any data. The
+ exit status is 0 if input is available on the specified
+ file descriptor, or the read will return EOF, non-zero
+ otherwise. The exit status is greater than 128 if the
timeout is exceeded.
-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd Read input from file descriptor _\bf_\bd.
- If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are supplied, the line read, without the ending de-
- limiter but otherwise unmodified, is assigned to the variable
- R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The exit status is zero, unless end-of-file is encoun-
- tered, r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out (in which case the status is greater than
- 128), a variable assignment error (such as assigning to a read-
+ If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are supplied, the line read, without the ending de-
+ limiter but otherwise unmodified, is assigned to the variable
+ R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The exit status is zero, unless end-of-file is encoun-
+ tered, r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out (in which case the status is greater than
+ 128), a variable assignment error (such as assigning to a read-
only variable) occurs, or an invalid file descriptor is supplied
as the argument to -\b-u\bu.
r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by [-\b-a\baA\bAf\bf] [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd] ...]
- The given _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked readonly; the values of these _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
- may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -\b-f\bf option
- is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are so
- marked. The -\b-a\ba option restricts the variables to indexed ar-
- rays; the -\b-A\bA option restricts the variables to associative ar-
+ The given _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked readonly; the values of these _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
+ may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -\b-f\bf option
+ is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are so
+ marked. The -\b-a\ba option restricts the variables to indexed ar-
+ rays; the -\b-A\bA option restricts the variables to associative ar-
rays. If both options are supplied, -\b-A\bA takes precedence. If no
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a
+ _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a
list of all readonly names is printed. The other options may be
- used to restrict the output to a subset of the set of readonly
- names. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a format
- that may be reused as input. If a variable name is followed by
- =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. The return
- status is 0 unless an invalid option is encountered, one of the
+ used to restrict the output to a subset of the set of readonly
+ names. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a format
+ that may be reused as input. If a variable name is followed by
+ =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. The return
+ status is 0 unless an invalid option is encountered, one of the
_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell variable name, or -\b-f\bf is supplied with
a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that is not a function.
r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn [_\bn]
- Causes a function to stop executing and return the value speci-
- fied by _\bn to its caller. If _\bn is omitted, the return status is
- that of the last command executed in the function body. If r\bre\be-\b-
+ Causes a function to stop executing and return the value speci-
+ fied by _\bn to its caller. If _\bn is omitted, the return status is
+ that of the last command executed in the function body. If r\bre\be-\b-
t\btu\bur\brn\bn is executed by a trap handler, the last command used to de-
- termine the status is the last command executed before the trap
- handler. If r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is executed during a D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap, the last
- command used to determine the status is the last command exe-
- cuted by the trap handler before r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn was invoked. If r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn
- is used outside a function, but during execution of a script by
- the .\b. (s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) command, it causes the shell to stop executing
- that script and return either _\bn or the exit status of the last
- command executed within the script as the exit status of the
+ termine the status is the last command executed before the trap
+ handler. If r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is executed during a D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap, the last
+ command used to determine the status is the last command exe-
+ cuted by the trap handler before r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn was invoked. If r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn
+ is used outside a function, but during execution of a script by
+ the .\b. (s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) command, it causes the shell to stop executing
+ that script and return either _\bn or the exit status of the last
+ command executed within the script as the exit status of the
script. If _\bn is supplied, the return value is its least signif-
- icant 8 bits. The return status is non-zero if r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is sup-
- plied a non-numeric argument, or is used outside a function and
- not during execution of a script by .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be. Any command
+ icant 8 bits. The return status is non-zero if r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is sup-
+ plied a non-numeric argument, or is used outside a function and
+ not during execution of a script by .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be. Any command
associated with the R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN trap is executed before execution re-
sumes after the function or script.
s\bse\bet\bt [-\b-a\bab\bbe\bef\bfh\bhk\bkm\bmn\bnp\bpt\btu\buv\bvx\bxB\bBC\bCE\bEH\bHP\bPT\bT] [-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b--\b-] [-\b-] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
s\bse\bet\bt [+\b+a\bab\bbe\bef\bfh\bhk\bkm\bmn\bnp\bpt\btu\buv\bvx\bxB\bBC\bCE\bEH\bHP\bPT\bT] [+\b+o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b--\b-] [-\b-] [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
- Without options, display the name and value of each shell vari-
- able in a format that can be reused as input for setting or re-
+ Without options, display the name and value of each shell vari-
+ able in a format that can be reused as input for setting or re-
setting the currently-set variables. Read-only variables cannot
- be reset. In _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, only shell variables are listed. The
- output is sorted according to the current locale. When options
- are specified, they set or unset shell attributes. Any argu-
- ments remaining after option processing are treated as values
+ be reset. In _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, only shell variables are listed. The
+ output is sorted according to the current locale. When options
+ are specified, they set or unset shell attributes. Any argu-
+ ments remaining after option processing are treated as values
for the positional parameters and are assigned, in order, to $\b$1\b1,
- $\b$2\b2, .\b..\b..\b. $\b$_\bn. Options, if specified, have the following mean-
+ $\b$2\b2, .\b..\b..\b. $\b$_\bn. Options, if specified, have the following mean-
ings:
-\b-a\ba Each variable or function that is created or modified is
- given the export attribute and marked for export to the
+ given the export attribute and marked for export to the
environment of subsequent commands.
- -\b-b\bb Report the status of terminated background jobs immedi-
+ -\b-b\bb Report the status of terminated background jobs immedi-
ately, rather than before the next primary prompt. This
is effective only when job control is enabled.
- -\b-e\be Exit immediately if a _\bp_\bi_\bp_\be_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be (which may consist of a
- single _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd), a _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt, or a _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd
+ -\b-e\be Exit immediately if a _\bp_\bi_\bp_\be_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be (which may consist of a
+ single _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd), a _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt, or a _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd
(see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR above), exits with a non-zero status.
- The shell does not exit if the command that fails is
- part of the command list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be
- or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword, part of the test following the i\bif\bf or
- e\bel\bli\bif\bf reserved words, part of any command executed in a
- &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list except the command following the final &\b&&\b&
+ The shell does not exit if the command that fails is
+ part of the command list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be
+ or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword, part of the test following the i\bif\bf or
+ e\bel\bli\bif\bf reserved words, part of any command executed in a
+ &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list except the command following the final &\b&&\b&
or |\b||\b|, any command in a pipeline but the last, or if the
- command's return value is being inverted with !\b!. If a
- compound command other than a subshell returns a non-
- zero status because a command failed while -\b-e\be was being
- ignored, the shell does not exit. A trap on E\bER\bRR\bR, if
- set, is executed before the shell exits. This option
+ command's return value is being inverted with !\b!. If a
+ compound command other than a subshell returns a non-
+ zero status because a command failed while -\b-e\be was being
+ ignored, the shell does not exit. A trap on E\bER\bRR\bR, if
+ set, is executed before the shell exits. This option
applies to the shell environment and each subshell envi-
- ronment separately (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT
+ ronment separately (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT
above), and may cause subshells to exit before executing
all the commands in the subshell.
- If a compound command or shell function executes in a
- context where -\b-e\be is being ignored, none of the commands
- executed within the compound command or function body
- will be affected by the -\b-e\be setting, even if -\b-e\be is set
- and a command returns a failure status. If a compound
- command or shell function sets -\b-e\be while executing in a
- context where -\b-e\be is ignored, that setting will not have
- any effect until the compound command or the command
+ If a compound command or shell function executes in a
+ context where -\b-e\be is being ignored, none of the commands
+ executed within the compound command or function body
+ will be affected by the -\b-e\be setting, even if -\b-e\be is set
+ and a command returns a failure status. If a compound
+ command or shell function sets -\b-e\be while executing in a
+ context where -\b-e\be is ignored, that setting will not have
+ any effect until the compound command or the command
containing the function call completes.
-\b-f\bf Disable pathname expansion.
- -\b-h\bh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up
+ -\b-h\bh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up
for execution. This is enabled by default.
- -\b-k\bk All arguments in the form of assignment statements are
- placed in the environment for a command, not just those
+ -\b-k\bk All arguments in the form of assignment statements are
+ placed in the environment for a command, not just those
that precede the command name.
- -\b-m\bm Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is
- on by default for interactive shells on systems that
- support it (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). All processes run
+ -\b-m\bm Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is
+ on by default for interactive shells on systems that
+ support it (see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). All processes run
in a separate process group. When a background job com-
pletes, the shell prints a line containing its exit sta-
tus.
-\b-n\bn Read commands but do not execute them. This may be used
- to check a shell script for syntax errors. This is ig-
+ to check a shell script for syntax errors. This is ig-
nored by interactive shells.
-\b-o\bo _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
The _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be can be one of the following:
Same as -\b-a\ba.
b\bbr\bra\bac\bce\bee\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd
Same as -\b-B\bB.
- e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs Use an emacs-style command line editing inter-
+ e\bem\bma\bac\bcs\bs Use an emacs-style command line editing inter-
face. This is enabled by default when the shell
is interactive, unless the shell is started with
- the -\b--\b-n\bno\boe\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg option. This also affects the
+ the -\b--\b-n\bno\boe\bed\bdi\bit\bti\bin\bng\bg option. This also affects the
editing interface used for r\bre\bea\bad\bd -\b-e\be.
e\ber\brr\bre\bex\bxi\bit\bt Same as -\b-e\be.
e\ber\brr\brt\btr\bra\bac\bce\be
H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY. This option is on by default in inter-
active shells.
i\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\bee\beo\bof\bf
- The effect is as if the shell command ``IG-
- NOREEOF=10'' had been executed (see S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl V\bVa\bar\bri\bi-\b-
+ The effect is as if the shell command ``IG-
+ NOREEOF=10'' had been executed (see S\bSh\bhe\bel\bll\bl V\bVa\bar\bri\bi-\b-
a\bab\bbl\ble\bes\bs above).
k\bke\bey\byw\bwo\bor\brd\bd Same as -\b-k\bk.
m\bmo\bon\bni\bit\bto\bor\br Same as -\b-m\bm.
p\bph\bhy\bys\bsi\bic\bca\bal\bl
Same as -\b-P\bP.
p\bpi\bip\bpe\bef\bfa\bai\bil\bl
- If set, the return value of a pipeline is the
- value of the last (rightmost) command to exit
- with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands
- in the pipeline exit successfully. This option
+ If set, the return value of a pipeline is the
+ value of the last (rightmost) command to exit
+ with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands
+ in the pipeline exit successfully. This option
is disabled by default.
- p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx Change the behavior of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh where the default
- operation differs from the POSIX standard to
- match the standard (_\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be). See S\bSE\bEE\bE A\bAL\bLS\bSO\bO
+ p\bpo\bos\bsi\bix\bx Change the behavior of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh where the default
+ operation differs from the POSIX standard to
+ match the standard (_\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be). See S\bSE\bEE\bE A\bAL\bLS\bSO\bO
below for a reference to a document that details
how posix mode affects bash's behavior.
p\bpr\bri\biv\bvi\bil\ble\beg\bge\bed\bd
Same as -\b-p\bp.
v\bve\ber\brb\bbo\bos\bse\be Same as -\b-v\bv.
- v\bvi\bi Use a vi-style command line editing interface.
+ v\bvi\bi Use a vi-style command line editing interface.
This also affects the editing interface used for
r\bre\bea\bad\bd -\b-e\be.
x\bxt\btr\bra\bac\bce\be Same as -\b-x\bx.
If -\b-o\bo is supplied with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the values of the
- current options are printed. If +\b+o\bo is supplied with no
- _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a series of s\bse\bet\bt commands to recreate the
- current option settings is displayed on the standard
+ current options are printed. If +\b+o\bo is supplied with no
+ _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, a series of s\bse\bet\bt commands to recreate the
+ current option settings is displayed on the standard
output.
- -\b-p\bp Turn on _\bp_\br_\bi_\bv_\bi_\bl_\be_\bg_\be_\bd mode. In this mode, the $\b$E\bEN\bNV\bV and
- $\b$B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV files are not processed, shell functions are
- not inherited from the environment, and the S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS,
- B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bHO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS, C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, and G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE variables, if they ap-
- pear in the environment, are ignored. If the shell is
- started with the effective user (group) id not equal to
- the real user (group) id, and the -\b-p\bp option is not sup-
+ -\b-p\bp Turn on _\bp_\br_\bi_\bv_\bi_\bl_\be_\bg_\be_\bd mode. In this mode, the $\b$E\bEN\bNV\bV and
+ $\b$B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_E\bEN\bNV\bV files are not processed, shell functions are
+ not inherited from the environment, and the S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bLO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS,
+ B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bHO\bOP\bPT\bTS\bS, C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH, and G\bGL\bLO\bOB\bBI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE variables, if they ap-
+ pear in the environment, are ignored. If the shell is
+ started with the effective user (group) id not equal to
+ the real user (group) id, and the -\b-p\bp option is not sup-
plied, these actions are taken and the effective user id
- is set to the real user id. If the -\b-p\bp option is sup-
- plied at startup, the effective user id is not reset.
- Turning this option off causes the effective user and
+ is set to the real user id. If the -\b-p\bp option is sup-
+ plied at startup, the effective user id is not reset.
+ Turning this option off causes the effective user and
group ids to be set to the real user and group ids.
-\b-r\br Enable restricted shell mode. This option cannot be un-
set once it has been set.
-\b-t\bt Exit after reading and executing one command.
-\b-u\bu Treat unset variables and parameters other than the spe-
- cial parameters "@" and "*", or array variables sub-
- scripted with "@" or "*", as an error when performing
- parameter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an
- unset variable or parameter, the shell prints an error
- message, and, if not interactive, exits with a non-zero
+ cial parameters "@" and "*", or array variables sub-
+ scripted with "@" or "*", as an error when performing
+ parameter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an
+ unset variable or parameter, the shell prints an error
+ message, and, if not interactive, exits with a non-zero
status.
-\b-v\bv Print shell input lines as they are read.
- -\b-x\bx After expanding each _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, f\bfo\bor\br command, c\bca\bas\bse\be
+ -\b-x\bx After expanding each _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, f\bfo\bor\br command, c\bca\bas\bse\be
command, s\bse\bel\ble\bec\bct\bt command, or arithmetic f\bfo\bor\br command, dis-
- play the expanded value of P\bPS\bS4\b4, followed by the command
+ play the expanded value of P\bPS\bS4\b4, followed by the command
and its expanded arguments or associated word list.
- -\b-B\bB The shell performs brace expansion (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
+ -\b-B\bB The shell performs brace expansion (see B\bBr\bra\bac\bce\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
above). This is on by default.
- -\b-C\bC If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not overwrite an existing file with
- the >\b>, >\b>&\b&, and <\b<>\b> redirection operators. This may be
+ -\b-C\bC If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh does not overwrite an existing file with
+ the >\b>, >\b>&\b&, and <\b<>\b> redirection operators. This may be
overridden when creating output files by using the redi-
rection operator >\b>|\b| instead of >\b>.
-\b-E\bE If set, any trap on E\bER\bRR\bR is inherited by shell functions,
- command substitutions, and commands executed in a sub-
- shell environment. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is normally not inher-
+ command substitutions, and commands executed in a sub-
+ shell environment. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is normally not inher-
ited in such cases.
-\b-H\bH Enable !\b! style history substitution. This option is on
by default when the shell is interactive.
- -\b-P\bP If set, the shell does not resolve symbolic links when
- executing commands such as c\bcd\bd that change the current
+ -\b-P\bP If set, the shell does not resolve symbolic links when
+ executing commands such as c\bcd\bd that change the current
working directory. It uses the physical directory
structure instead. By default, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh follows the logical
- chain of directories when performing commands which
+ chain of directories when performing commands which
change the current directory.
- -\b-T\bT If set, any traps on D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN are inherited by
+ -\b-T\bT If set, any traps on D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN are inherited by
shell functions, command substitutions, and commands ex-
- ecuted in a subshell environment. The D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN
+ ecuted in a subshell environment. The D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN
traps are normally not inherited in such cases.
- -\b--\b- If no arguments follow this option, then the positional
+ -\b--\b- If no arguments follow this option, then the positional
parameters are unset. Otherwise, the positional parame-
- ters are set to the _\ba_\br_\bgs, even if some of them begin
+ ters are set to the _\ba_\br_\bgs, even if some of them begin
with a -\b-.
- -\b- Signal the end of options, cause all remaining _\ba_\br_\bgs to
+ -\b- Signal the end of options, cause all remaining _\ba_\br_\bgs to
be assigned to the positional parameters. The -\b-x\bx and -\b-v\bv
options are turned off. If there are no _\ba_\br_\bgs, the posi-
tional parameters remain unchanged.
- The options are off by default unless otherwise noted. Using +
- rather than - causes these options to be turned off. The op-
+ The options are off by default unless otherwise noted. Using +
+ rather than - causes these options to be turned off. The op-
tions can also be specified as arguments to an invocation of the
- shell. The current set of options may be found in $\b$-\b-. The re-
- turn status is always true unless an invalid option is encoun-
+ shell. The current set of options may be found in $\b$-\b-. The re-
+ turn status is always true unless an invalid option is encoun-
tered.
s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt [_\bn]
- The positional parameters from _\bn+1 ... are renamed to $\b$1\b1 .\b..\b..\b..\b.
- Parameters represented by the numbers $\b$#\b# down to $\b$#\b#-_\bn+1 are un-
- set. _\bn must be a non-negative number less than or equal to $\b$#\b#.
- If _\bn is 0, no parameters are changed. If _\bn is not given, it is
+ The positional parameters from _\bn+1 ... are renamed to $\b$1\b1 .\b..\b..\b..\b.
+ Parameters represented by the numbers $\b$#\b# down to $\b$#\b#-_\bn+1 are un-
+ set. _\bn must be a non-negative number less than or equal to $\b$#\b#.
+ If _\bn is 0, no parameters are changed. If _\bn is not given, it is
assumed to be 1. If _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b#, the positional param-
- eters are not changed. The return status is greater than zero
+ eters are not changed. The return status is greater than zero
if _\bn is greater than $\b$#\b# or less than zero; otherwise 0.
s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt [-\b-p\bpq\bqs\bsu\bu] [-\b-o\bo] [_\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- Toggle the values of settings controlling optional shell behav-
- ior. The settings can be either those listed below, or, if the
+ Toggle the values of settings controlling optional shell behav-
+ ior. The settings can be either those listed below, or, if the
-\b-o\bo option is used, those available with the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt
builtin command. With no options, or with the -\b-p\bp option, a list
- of all settable options is displayed, with an indication of
+ of all settable options is displayed, with an indication of
whether or not each is set; if _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are supplied, the output
- is restricted to those options. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to
- be displayed in a form that may be reused as input. Other op-
+ is restricted to those options. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to
+ be displayed in a form that may be reused as input. Other op-
tions have the following meanings:
-\b-s\bs Enable (set) each _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
-\b-u\bu Disable (unset) each _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be.
- -\b-q\bq Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status
+ -\b-q\bq Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status
indicates whether the _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is set or unset. If multi-
- ple _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given with -\b-q\bq, the return sta-
- tus is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are enabled; non-zero other-
+ ple _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given with -\b-q\bq, the return sta-
+ tus is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are enabled; non-zero other-
wise.
- -\b-o\bo Restricts the values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be those defined for
+ -\b-o\bo Restricts the values of _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be to be those defined for
the -\b-o\bo option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin.
- If either -\b-s\bs or -\b-u\bu is used with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt
- shows only those options which are set or unset, respectively.
- Unless otherwise noted, the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options are disabled (unset)
+ If either -\b-s\bs or -\b-u\bu is used with no _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments, s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt
+ shows only those options which are set or unset, respectively.
+ Unless otherwise noted, the s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options are disabled (unset)
by default.
- The return status when listing options is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
- are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting op-
- tions, the return status is zero unless an _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a
+ The return status when listing options is zero if all _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
+ are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting op-
+ tions, the return status is zero unless an _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a
valid shell option.
The list of s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt options is:
a\bas\bss\bso\boc\bc_\b_e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd_\b_o\bon\bnc\bce\be
- If set, the shell suppresses multiple evaluation of as-
- sociative array subscripts during arithmetic expression
- evaluation, while executing builtins that can perform
- variable assignments, and while executing builtins that
+ If set, the shell suppresses multiple evaluation of as-
+ sociative array subscripts during arithmetic expression
+ evaluation, while executing builtins that can perform
+ variable assignments, and while executing builtins that
perform array dereferencing.
- a\bau\but\bto\boc\bcd\bd If set, a command name that is the name of a directory
- is executed as if it were the argument to the c\bcd\bd com-
+ a\bau\but\bto\boc\bcd\bd If set, a command name that is the name of a directory
+ is executed as if it were the argument to the c\bcd\bd com-
mand. This option is only used by interactive shells.
c\bcd\bda\bab\bbl\ble\be_\b_v\bva\bar\brs\bs
- If set, an argument to the c\bcd\bd builtin command that is
- not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable
+ If set, an argument to the c\bcd\bd builtin command that is
+ not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable
whose value is the directory to change to.
c\bcd\bds\bsp\bpe\bel\bll\bl If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory com-
- ponent in a c\bcd\bd command will be corrected. The errors
+ ponent in a c\bcd\bd command will be corrected. The errors
checked for are transposed characters, a missing charac-
- ter, and one character too many. If a correction is
- found, the corrected filename is printed, and the com-
- mand proceeds. This option is only used by interactive
+ ter, and one character too many. If a correction is
+ found, the corrected filename is printed, and the com-
+ mand proceeds. This option is only used by interactive
shells.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkh\bha\bas\bsh\bh
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks that a command found in the hash ta-
- ble exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed
- command no longer exists, a normal path search is per-
+ ble exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed
+ command no longer exists, a normal path search is per-
formed.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkj\bjo\bob\bbs\bs
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh lists the status of any stopped and running
- jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs
+ jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs
are running, this causes the exit to be deferred until a
- second exit is attempted without an intervening command
+ second exit is attempted without an intervening command
(see J\bJO\bOB\bB C\bCO\bON\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOL\bL above). The shell always postpones ex-
iting if any jobs are stopped.
c\bch\bhe\bec\bck\bkw\bwi\bin\bns\bsi\biz\bze\be
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks the window size after each external
- (non-builtin) command and, if necessary, updates the
- values of L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS and C\bCO\bOL\bLU\bUM\bMN\bNS\bS. This option is enabled by
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh checks the window size after each external
+ (non-builtin) command and, if necessary, updates the
+ values of L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bES\bS and C\bCO\bOL\bLU\bUM\bMN\bNS\bS. This option is enabled by
default.
- c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to save all lines of a multiple-
- line command in the same history entry. This allows
- easy re-editing of multi-line commands. This option is
- enabled by default, but only has an effect if command
+ c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to save all lines of a multiple-
+ line command in the same history entry. This allows
+ easy re-editing of multi-line commands. This option is
+ enabled by default, but only has an effect if command
history is enabled, as described above under H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b31\b1
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b32\b2
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b43\b3
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b44\b4
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt5\b50\b0
- These control aspects of the shell's compatibility mode
+ These control aspects of the shell's compatibility mode
(see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPA\bAT\bTI\bIB\bBI\bIL\bLI\bIT\bTY\bY M\bMO\bOD\bDE\bE below).
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be_\b_f\bfu\bul\bll\blq\bqu\buo\bot\bte\be
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh quotes all shell metacharacters in file-
- names and directory names when performing completion.
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh quotes all shell metacharacters in file-
+ names and directory names when performing completion.
If not set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh removes metacharacters such as the dol-
- lar sign from the set of characters that will be quoted
- in completed filenames when these metacharacters appear
- in shell variable references in words to be completed.
- This means that dollar signs in variable names that ex-
- pand to directories will not be quoted; however, any
- dollar signs appearing in filenames will not be quoted,
- either. This is active only when bash is using back-
- slashes to quote completed filenames. This variable is
- set by default, which is the default bash behavior in
+ lar sign from the set of characters that will be quoted
+ in completed filenames when these metacharacters appear
+ in shell variable references in words to be completed.
+ This means that dollar signs in variable names that ex-
+ pand to directories will not be quoted; however, any
+ dollar signs appearing in filenames will not be quoted,
+ either. This is active only when bash is using back-
+ slashes to quote completed filenames. This variable is
+ set by default, which is the default bash behavior in
versions through 4.2.
d\bdi\bir\bre\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh replaces directory names with the results
- of word expansion when performing filename completion.
- This changes the contents of the readline editing buf-
- fer. If not set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to preserve what the
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh replaces directory names with the results
+ of word expansion when performing filename completion.
+ This changes the contents of the readline editing buf-
+ fer. If not set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts to preserve what the
user typed.
d\bdi\bir\brs\bsp\bpe\bel\bll\bl
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts spelling correction on directory
- names during word completion if the directory name ini-
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts spelling correction on directory
+ names during word completion if the directory name ini-
tially supplied does not exist.
- d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
- the results of pathname expansion. The filenames `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b'
- and `\b``\b`.\b..\b.'\b''\b' must always be matched explicitly, even if
+ d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
+ the results of pathname expansion. The filenames `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b'
+ and `\b``\b`.\b..\b.'\b''\b' must always be matched explicitly, even if
d\bdo\bot\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb is set.
e\bex\bxe\bec\bcf\bfa\bai\bil\bl
If set, a non-interactive shell will not exit if it can-
- not execute the file specified as an argument to the
- e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin command. An interactive shell does not
+ not execute the file specified as an argument to the
+ e\bex\bxe\bec\bc builtin command. An interactive shell does not
exit if e\bex\bxe\bec\bc fails.
e\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd_\b_a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bse\bes\bs
- If set, aliases are expanded as described above under
+ If set, aliases are expanded as described above under
A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS. This option is enabled by default for interac-
tive shells.
e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg
- If set at shell invocation, or in a shell startup file,
+ If set at shell invocation, or in a shell startup file,
arrange to execute the debugger profile before the shell
- starts, identical to the -\b--\b-d\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bgg\bge\ber\br option. If set af-
- ter invocation, behavior intended for use by debuggers
+ starts, identical to the -\b--\b-d\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bgg\bge\ber\br option. If set af-
+ ter invocation, behavior intended for use by debuggers
is enabled:
1\b1.\b. The -\b-F\bF option to the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin displays the
source file name and line number corresponding to
each function name supplied as an argument.
- 2\b2.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
- non-zero value, the next command is skipped and
+ 2\b2.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
+ non-zero value, the next command is skipped and
not executed.
- 3\b3.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
- value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub-
- routine (a shell function or a shell script exe-
- cuted by the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins), the shell
+ 3\b3.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
+ value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub-
+ routine (a shell function or a shell script exe-
+ cuted by the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins), the shell
simulates a call to r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn.
- 4\b4.\b. B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV are updated as described
+ 4\b4.\b. B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV are updated as described
in their descriptions above.
- 5\b5.\b. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu-
+ 5\b5.\b. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu-
tion, shell functions, and subshells invoked with
(\b( _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps.
- 6\b6.\b. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution,
- shell functions, and subshells invoked with (\b(
+ 6\b6.\b. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution,
+ shell functions, and subshells invoked with (\b(
_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the E\bER\bRR\bR trap.
e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, the extended pattern matching features described
above under P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn are enabled.
e\bex\bxt\btq\bqu\buo\bot\bte\be
- If set, $\b$'_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg' and $\b$"_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg" quoting is performed
- within $\b${\b{_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}\b} expansions enclosed in double
+ If set, $\b$'_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg' and $\b$"_\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg" quoting is performed
+ within $\b${\b{_\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br}\b} expansions enclosed in double
quotes. This option is enabled by default.
f\bfa\bai\bil\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during
+ If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during
pathname expansion result in an expansion error.
f\bfo\bor\brc\bce\be_\b_f\bfi\big\bgn\bno\bor\bre\be
- If set, the suffixes specified by the F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell
- variable cause words to be ignored when performing word
+ If set, the suffixes specified by the F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE shell
+ variable cause words to be ignored when performing word
completion even if the ignored words are the only possi-
- ble completions. See S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL V\bVA\bAR\bRI\bIA\bAB\bBL\bLE\bES\bS above for a de-
- scription of F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. This option is enabled by de-
+ ble completions. See S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL V\bVA\bAR\bRI\bIA\bAB\bBL\bLE\bES\bS above for a de-
+ scription of F\bFI\bIG\bGN\bNO\bOR\bRE\bE. This option is enabled by de-
fault.
g\bgl\blo\bob\bba\bas\bsc\bci\bii\bir\bra\ban\bng\bge\bes\bs
- If set, range expressions used in pattern matching
- bracket expressions (see P\bPa\bat\btt\bte\ber\brn\bn M\bMa\bat\btc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg above) behave
- as if in the traditional C locale when performing com-
- parisons. That is, the current locale's collating se-
- quence is not taken into account, so b\bb will not collate
- between A\bA and B\bB, and upper-case and lower-case ASCII
+ If set, range expressions used in pattern matching
+ bracket expressions (see P\bPa\bat\btt\bte\ber\brn\bn M\bMa\bat\btc\bch\bhi\bin\bng\bg above) behave
+ as if in the traditional C locale when performing com-
+ parisons. That is, the current locale's collating se-
+ quence is not taken into account, so b\bb will not collate
+ between A\bA and B\bB, and upper-case and lower-case ASCII
characters will collate together.
g\bgl\blo\bob\bbs\bsk\bki\bip\bpd\bdo\bot\bts\bs
- If set, pathname expansion will never match the file-
+ If set, pathname expansion will never match the file-
names `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b' and `\b``\b`.\b..\b.'\b''\b', even if the pattern begins with
a `\b``\b`.\b.'\b''\b'. This option is enabled by default.
g\bgl\blo\bob\bbs\bst\bta\bar\br
If set, the pattern *\b**\b* used in a pathname expansion con-
- text will match all files and zero or more directories
- and subdirectories. If the pattern is followed by a /\b/,
+ text will match all files and zero or more directories
+ and subdirectories. If the pattern is followed by a /\b/,
only directories and subdirectories match.
g\bgn\bnu\bu_\b_e\ber\brr\brf\bfm\bmt\bt
GNU error message format.
h\bhi\bis\bst\bta\bap\bpp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd
- If set, the history list is appended to the file named
+ If set, the history list is appended to the file named
by the value of the H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE variable when the shell ex-
its, rather than overwriting the file.
h\bhi\bis\bst\btr\bre\bee\bed\bdi\bit\bt
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, a user is given the
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, a user is given the
opportunity to re-edit a failed history substitution.
h\bhi\bis\bst\btv\bve\ber\bri\bif\bfy\by
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, the results of his-
- tory substitution are not immediately passed to the
- shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, the results of his-
+ tory substitution are not immediately passed to the
+ shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded
into the r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be editing buffer, allowing further modi-
fication.
h\bho\bos\bst\btc\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bte\be
If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will attempt to
- perform hostname completion when a word containing a @\b@
- is being completed (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg under R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
+ perform hostname completion when a word containing a @\b@
+ is being completed (see C\bCo\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bin\bng\bg under R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE
above). This is enabled by default.
h\bhu\bup\bpo\bon\bne\bex\bxi\bit\bt
active login shell exits.
i\bin\bnh\bhe\ber\bri\bit\bt_\b_e\ber\brr\bre\bex\bxi\bit\bt
- If set, command substitution inherits the value of the
- e\ber\brr\bre\bex\bxi\bit\bt option, instead of unsetting it in the subshell
- environment. This option is enabled when _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is
+ If set, command substitution inherits the value of the
+ e\ber\brr\bre\bex\bxi\bit\bt option, instead of unsetting it in the subshell
+ environment. This option is enabled when _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is
enabled.
i\bin\bnt\bte\ber\bra\bac\bct\bti\biv\bve\be_\b_c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bts\bs
If set, allow a word beginning with #\b# to cause that word
- and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored
- in an interactive shell (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bME\bEN\bNT\bTS\bS above). This op-
+ and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored
+ in an interactive shell (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bME\bEN\bNT\bTS\bS above). This op-
tion is enabled by default.
l\bla\bas\bst\btp\bpi\bip\bpe\be
- If set, and job control is not active, the shell runs
+ If set, and job control is not active, the shell runs
the last command of a pipeline not executed in the back-
ground in the current shell environment.
- l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, and the c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt option is enabled, multi-line
+ l\bli\bit\bth\bhi\bis\bst\bt If set, and the c\bcm\bmd\bdh\bhi\bis\bst\bt option is enabled, multi-line
commands are saved to the history with embedded newlines
rather than using semicolon separators where possible.
tribute is not inherited.
l\blo\boc\bca\bal\blv\bva\bar\br_\b_u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt
- If set, calling u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt on local variables in previous
- function scopes marks them so subsequent lookups find
- them unset until that function returns. This is identi-
- cal to the behavior of unsetting local variables at the
+ If set, calling u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt on local variables in previous
+ function scopes marks them so subsequent lookups find
+ them unset until that function returns. This is identi-
+ cal to the behavior of unsetting local variables at the
current function scope.
l\blo\bog\bgi\bin\bn_\b_s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
- The shell sets this option if it is started as a login
- shell (see I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). The value may not be
+ The shell sets this option if it is started as a login
+ shell (see I\bIN\bNV\bVO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above). The value may not be
changed.
m\bma\bai\bil\blw\bwa\bar\brn\bn
- If set, and a file that b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is checking for mail has
- been accessed since the last time it was checked, the
- message ``The mail in _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be has been read'' is dis-
+ If set, and a file that b\bba\bas\bsh\bh is checking for mail has
+ been accessed since the last time it was checked, the
+ message ``The mail in _\bm_\ba_\bi_\bl_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be has been read'' is dis-
played.
n\bno\bo_\b_e\bem\bmp\bpt\bty\by_\b_c\bcm\bmd\bd_\b_c\bco\bom\bmp\bpl\ble\bet\bti\bio\bon\bn
- If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will not at-
- tempt to search the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH for possible completions when
+ If set, and r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh will not at-
+ tempt to search the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH for possible completions when
completion is attempted on an empty line.
n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\beg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches filenames in a case-insensitive
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches filenames in a case-insensitive
fashion when performing pathname expansion (see P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be
E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above).
n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches patterns in a case-insensitive
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh matches patterns in a case-insensitive
fashion when performing matching while executing c\bca\bas\bse\be or
[\b[[\b[ conditional commands, when performing pattern substi-
- tution word expansions, or when filtering possible com-
+ tution word expansions, or when filtering possible com-
pletions as part of programmable completion.
n\bno\boe\bex\bxp\bpa\ban\bnd\bd_\b_t\btr\bra\ban\bns\bsl\bla\bat\bti\bio\bon\bn
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh encloses the translated results of $"..."
- quoting in single quotes instead of double quotes. If
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh encloses the translated results of $"..."
+ quoting in single quotes instead of double quotes. If
the string is not translated, this has no effect.
n\bnu\bul\bll\blg\bgl\blo\bob\bb
- If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh allows patterns which match no files (see
- P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above) to expand to a null string,
+ If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh allows patterns which match no files (see
+ P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn above) to expand to a null string,
rather than themselves.
p\bpa\bat\bts\bsu\bub\bb_\b_r\bre\bep\bpl\bla\bac\bce\bem\bme\ben\bnt\bt
If set, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh expands occurrences of &\b& in the replacement
- string of pattern substitution to the text matched by
- the pattern, as described under P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\br E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
+ string of pattern substitution to the text matched by
+ the pattern, as described under P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\br E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn
above. This option is enabled by default.
p\bpr\bro\bog\bgc\bco\bom\bmp\bp
enabled by default.
p\bpr\bro\bog\bgc\bco\bom\bmp\bp_\b_a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs
- If set, and programmable completion is enabled, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh
- treats a command name that doesn't have any completions
- as a possible alias and attempts alias expansion. If it
- has an alias, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts programmable completion us-
+ If set, and programmable completion is enabled, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh
+ treats a command name that doesn't have any completions
+ as a possible alias and attempts alias expansion. If it
+ has an alias, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh attempts programmable completion us-
ing the command word resulting from the expanded alias.
p\bpr\bro\bom\bmp\bpt\btv\bva\bar\brs\bs
If set, prompt strings undergo parameter expansion, com-
- mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote re-
- moval after being expanded as described in P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
+ mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote re-
+ moval after being expanded as described in P\bPR\bRO\bOM\bMP\bPT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG
above. This option is enabled by default.
r\bre\bes\bst\btr\bri\bic\bct\bte\bed\bd_\b_s\bsh\bhe\bel\bll\bl
- The shell sets this option if it is started in re-
- stricted mode (see R\bRE\bES\bST\bTR\bRI\bIC\bCT\bTE\bED\bD S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL below). The value
- may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup
- files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis-
+ The shell sets this option if it is started in re-
+ stricted mode (see R\bRE\bES\bST\bTR\bRI\bIC\bCT\bTE\bED\bD S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL below). The value
+ may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup
+ files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis-
cover whether or not a shell is restricted.
s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt_\b_v\bve\ber\brb\bbo\bos\bse\be
- If set, the s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt builtin prints an error message when
+ If set, the s\bsh\bhi\bif\bft\bt builtin prints an error message when
the shift count exceeds the number of positional parame-
ters.
s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\bep\bpa\bat\bth\bh
If set, the .\b. (s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) builtin uses the value of P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH to
- find the directory containing the file supplied as an
+ find the directory containing the file supplied as an
argument. This option is enabled by default.
v\bva\bar\brr\bre\bed\bdi\bir\br_\b_c\bcl\blo\bos\bse\be
- If set, the shell automatically closes file descriptors
+ If set, the shell automatically closes file descriptors
assigned using the _\b{_\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\b} redirection syntax (see R\bRE\bE-\b-
- D\bDI\bIR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above) instead of leaving them open when the
+ D\bDI\bIR\bRE\bEC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN above) instead of leaving them open when the
command completes.
x\bxp\bpg\bg_\b_e\bec\bch\bho\bo
- If set, the e\bec\bch\bho\bo builtin expands backslash-escape se-
+ If set, the e\bec\bch\bho\bo builtin expands backslash-escape se-
quences by default.
s\bsu\bus\bsp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd [-\b-f\bf]
- Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT
- signal. A login shell cannot be suspended; the -\b-f\bf option can be
- used to override this and force the suspension. The return sta-
- tus is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and -\b-f\bf is not sup-
- plied, or if job control is not enabled.
+ Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT
+ signal. A login shell, or a shell without job control enabled,
+ cannot be suspended; the -\b-f\bf option can be used to override this
+ and force the suspension. The return status is 0 unless the
+ shell is a login shell or job control is not enabled and -\b-f\bf is
+ not supplied.
t\bte\bes\bst\bt _\be_\bx_\bp_\br
[\b[ _\be_\bx_\bp_\br ]\b]
-GNU Bash 5.2 2022 March 11 BASH(1)
+GNU Bash 5.2 2022 June 3 BASH(1)
.\" Case Western Reserve University
.\" chet.ramey@case.edu
.\"
-.\" Last Change: Fri Mar 11 10:16:50 EST 2022
+.\" Last Change: Fri Jun 3 10:47:26 EDT 2022
.\"
.\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section
.if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ
.if \n(zY=1 .ig zY
-.TH BASH 1 "2022 March 11" "GNU Bash 5.2"
+.TH BASH 1 "2022 June 3" "GNU Bash 5.2"
.\"
.\" There's some problem with having a `@'
.\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros.
.PP
.B Bash
attempts to determine when it is being run with its standard input
-connected to a network connection, as when executed by the remote shell
-daemon, usually \fIrshd\fP, or the secure shell daemon \fIsshd\fP.
+connected to a network connection, as when executed by
+the historical remote shell daemon, usually \fIrshd\fP,
+or the secure shell daemon \fIsshd\fP.
If
.B bash
-determines it is being run in this fashion, it reads and executes
-commands from \fI~/.bashrc\fP, if that file exists and is readable.
+determines it is being run non-interactively in this fashion,
+it reads and executes commands from \fI~/.bashrc\fP,
+if that file exists and is readable.
It will not do this if invoked as \fBsh\fP.
The
.B \-\-norc
variable may be used to specify the format of
the time information.
.PP
-Each command in a pipeline is executed in a \fIsubshell\fP, which is a
+Each command in a multi-command pipeline,
+where pipes are created,
+is executed in a \fIsubshell\fP, which is a
separate process.
See
.SM
.B BASH_REMATCH
with index \fIn\fP is the portion of the
string matching the \fIn\fPth parenthesized subexpression.
+Bash sets
+.SM
+.B BASH_REMATCH
+in the global scope; declaring it as a local variable will lead to
+unexpected results.
.if t .sp 0.5
.if n .sp 1
Expressions may be combined using the following operators, listed
or a
.B ^
then any character not enclosed is matched.
-The sorting order of characters in range expressions is determined by
+The sorting order of characters in range expressions,
+and the characters included in the range,
+are determined by
the current locale and the values of the
.SM
.B LC_COLLATE
Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a
.SM
.B SIGCONT
-signal. A login shell cannot be suspended; the
+signal. A login shell,
+or a shell without job control enabled,
+cannot be suspended; the
.B \-f
option can be used to override this and force the suspension.
-The return status is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and
+The return status is 0 unless the shell is a login shell
+or job control is not enabled
+and
.B \-f
-is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.
+is not supplied.
.TP
\fBtest\fP \fIexpr\fP
.PD 0
</HEAD>
<BODY><TABLE WIDTH=100%>
<TR>
-<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2022 March 11<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
+<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2022 June 3<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
</TR>
</TABLE>
<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
<B>Bash</B>
attempts to determine when it is being run with its standard input
-connected to a network connection, as when executed by the remote shell
-daemon, usually <I>rshd</I>, or the secure shell daemon <I>sshd</I>.
+connected to a network connection, as when executed by
+the historical remote shell daemon, usually <I>rshd</I>,
+or the secure shell daemon <I>sshd</I>.
If
<B>bash</B>
-determines it is being run in this fashion, it reads and executes
-commands from <A HREF="file:~/.bashrc"><I>~/.bashrc</I></A>, if that file exists and is readable.
+determines it is being run non-interactively in this fashion,
+it reads and executes commands from <A HREF="file:~/.bashrc"><I>~/.bashrc</I></A>,
+if that file exists and is readable.
It will not do this if invoked as <B>sh</B>.
The
<B>--norc</B>
the time information.
<P>
-Each command in a pipeline is executed in a <I>subshell</I>, which is a
+Each command in a multi-command pipeline,
+where pipes are created,
+is executed in a <I>subshell</I>, which is a
separate process.
See
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>COMMAND EXECUTION ENVIRONMENT</B></FONT>
</FONT>
with index <I>n</I> is the portion of the
string matching the <I>n</I>th parenthesized subexpression.
+Bash sets
+<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BASH_REMATCH</B>
+
+</FONT>
+in the global scope; declaring it as a local variable will lead to
+unexpected results.
<P>
<B>^</B>
then any character not enclosed is matched.
-The sorting order of characters in range expressions is determined by
+The sorting order of characters in range expressions,
+and the characters included in the range,
+are determined by
the current locale and the values of the
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>LC_COLLATE</B>
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SIGCONT</B>
</FONT>
-signal. A login shell cannot be suspended; the
+signal. A login shell,
+or a shell without job control enabled,
+cannot be suspended; the
<B>-f</B>
option can be used to override this and force the suspension.
-The return status is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and
+The return status is 0 unless the shell is a login shell
+or job control is not enabled
+and
<B>-f</B>
-is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.
+is not supplied.
<DT><B>test</B> <I>expr</I><DD>
<DT><B>[</B> <I>expr</I> <B>]</B><DD>
<HR>
<TABLE WIDTH=100%>
<TR>
-<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash 5.2<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2022 March 11<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
+<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash 5.2<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2022 June 3<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
</TR>
</TABLE>
<HR>
<DT><A HREF="#lbDI">BUGS</A><DD>
</DL>
<HR>
-This document was created by man2html from bash.1.<BR>
-Time: 08 April 2022 15:46:17 EDT
+This document was created by man2html from /usr/local/src/bash/bash-20220609/doc/bash.1.<BR>
+Time: 13 June 2022 11:04:39 EDT
</BODY>
</HTML>
This is bash.info, produced by makeinfo version 6.8 from bashref.texi.
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
-Bash shell (version 5.2, 24 February 2022).
+Bash shell (version 5.2, 3 June 2022).
- This is Edition 5.2, last updated 24 February 2022, of 'The GNU Bash
+ This is Edition 5.2, last updated 3 June 2022, of 'The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 5.2.
Copyright (C) 1988-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
*************
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
-Bash shell (version 5.2, 24 February 2022). The Bash home page is
+Bash shell (version 5.2, 3 June 2022). The Bash home page is
<http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/>.
- This is Edition 5.2, last updated 24 February 2022, of 'The GNU Bash
+ This is Edition 5.2, last updated 3 June 2022, of 'The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 5.2.
Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
If the pipeline is not executed asynchronously (*note Lists::), the
shell waits for all commands in the pipeline to complete.
- Each command in a pipeline is executed in its own "subshell", which
-is a separate process (*note Command Execution Environment::). If the
-'lastpipe' option is enabled using the 'shopt' builtin (*note The Shopt
-Builtin::), the last element of a pipeline may be run by the shell
-process when job control is not active.
+ Each command in a multi-command pipeline, where pipes are created, is
+executed in its own "subshell", which is a separate process (*note
+Command Execution Environment::). If the 'lastpipe' option is enabled
+using the 'shopt' builtin (*note The Shopt Builtin::), the last element
+of a pipeline may be run by the shell process when job control is not
+active.
The exit status of a pipeline is the exit status of the last command
in the pipeline, unless the 'pipefail' option is enabled (*note The Set
is the portion of the string matching the Nth parenthesized
subexpression.
+ Bash sets 'BASH_REMATCH' in the global scope; declaring it as a
+ local variable will lead to unexpected results.
+
Expressions may be combined using the following operators, listed
in decreasing order of precedence:
character not enclosed is matched. A '-' may be matched by
including it as the first or last character in the set. A ']' may
be matched by including it as the first character in the set. The
- sorting order of characters in range expressions is determined by
- the current locale and the values of the 'LC_COLLATE' and 'LC_ALL'
- shell variables, if set.
+ sorting order of characters in range expressions, and the
+ characters included in the range, are determined by the current
+ locale and the values of the 'LC_COLLATE' and 'LC_ALL' shell
+ variables, if set.
For example, in the default C locale, '[a-dx-z]' is equivalent to
'[abcdxyz]'. Many locales sort characters in dictionary order, and
..............................
Bash attempts to determine when it is being run with its standard input
-connected to a network connection, as when executed by the remote shell
-daemon, usually 'rshd', or the secure shell daemon 'sshd'. If Bash
-determines it is being run in this fashion, it reads and executes
-commands from '~/.bashrc', if that file exists and is readable. It will
-not do this if invoked as 'sh'. The '--norc' option may be used to
-inhibit this behavior, and the '--rcfile' option may be used to force
-another file to be read, but neither 'rshd' nor 'sshd' generally invoke
-the shell with those options or allow them to be specified.
+connected to a network connection, as when executed by the historical
+remote shell daemon, usually 'rshd', or the secure shell daemon 'sshd'.
+If Bash determines it is being run non-interactively in this fashion, it
+reads and executes commands from '~/.bashrc', if that file exists and is
+readable. It will not do this if invoked as 'sh'. The '--norc' option
+may be used to inhibit this behavior, and the '--rcfile' option may be
+used to force another file to be read, but neither 'rshd' nor 'sshd'
+generally invoke the shell with those options or allow them to be
+specified.
Invoked with unequal effective and real UID/GIDs
................................................
'read', the trap handler executes and 'read' returns an exit status
greater than 128.
- 60. Bash removes an exited background process's status from the list
+ 60. The 'printf' builting uses 'double' (via 'strtod') to convert
+ arguments corresponding to floating point conversion specifiers,
+ instead of 'long double' if it's available. The 'L' length
+ modifier forces 'printf' to use 'long double' if it's available.
+
+ 61. Bash removes an exited background process's status from the list
of such statuses after the 'wait' builtin is used to obtain it.
There is other POSIX behavior that Bash does not implement by default
suspend [-f]
Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a 'SIGCONT'
- signal. A login shell cannot be suspended; the '-f' option can be
- used to override this and force the suspension.
+ signal. A login shell, or a shell without job control enabled,
+ cannot be suspended; the '-f' option can be used to override this
+ and force the suspension. The return status is 0 unless the shell
+ is a login shell or job control is not enabled and '-f' is not
+ supplied.
When job control is not active, the 'kill' and 'wait' builtins do not
accept JOBSPEC arguments. They must be supplied process IDs.
\1f
Tag Table:
-Node: Top\7f894
-Node: Introduction\7f2811
-Node: What is Bash?\7f3024
-Node: What is a shell?\7f4135
-Node: Definitions\7f6670
-Node: Basic Shell Features\7f9618
-Node: Shell Syntax\7f10834
-Node: Shell Operation\7f11857
-Node: Quoting\7f13147
-Node: Escape Character\7f14448
-Node: Single Quotes\7f14930
-Node: Double Quotes\7f15275
-Node: ANSI-C Quoting\7f16550
-Node: Locale Translation\7f17857
-Node: Creating Internationalized Scripts\7f19165
-Node: Comments\7f23279
-Node: Shell Commands\7f23894
-Node: Reserved Words\7f24829
-Node: Simple Commands\7f25582
-Node: Pipelines\7f26233
-Node: Lists\7f29189
-Node: Compound Commands\7f30981
-Node: Looping Constructs\7f31990
-Node: Conditional Constructs\7f34482
-Node: Command Grouping\7f48823
-Node: Coprocesses\7f50298
-Node: GNU Parallel\7f52958
-Node: Shell Functions\7f53872
-Node: Shell Parameters\7f61754
-Node: Positional Parameters\7f66139
-Node: Special Parameters\7f67038
-Node: Shell Expansions\7f70249
-Node: Brace Expansion\7f72373
-Node: Tilde Expansion\7f75104
-Node: Shell Parameter Expansion\7f77722
-Node: Command Substitution\7f96070
-Node: Arithmetic Expansion\7f97422
-Node: Process Substitution\7f98387
-Node: Word Splitting\7f99504
-Node: Filename Expansion\7f101445
-Node: Pattern Matching\7f104191
-Node: Quote Removal\7f108796
-Node: Redirections\7f109088
-Node: Executing Commands\7f118745
-Node: Simple Command Expansion\7f119412
-Node: Command Search and Execution\7f121519
-Node: Command Execution Environment\7f123894
-Node: Environment\7f126926
-Node: Exit Status\7f128586
-Node: Signals\7f130367
-Node: Shell Scripts\7f133813
-Node: Shell Builtin Commands\7f136837
-Node: Bourne Shell Builtins\7f138872
-Node: Bash Builtins\7f160330
-Node: Modifying Shell Behavior\7f191183
-Node: The Set Builtin\7f191525
-Node: The Shopt Builtin\7f202123
-Node: Special Builtins\7f218032
-Node: Shell Variables\7f219008
-Node: Bourne Shell Variables\7f219442
-Node: Bash Variables\7f221543
-Node: Bash Features\7f254356
-Node: Invoking Bash\7f255366
-Node: Bash Startup Files\7f261376
-Node: Interactive Shells\7f266476
-Node: What is an Interactive Shell?\7f266883
-Node: Is this Shell Interactive?\7f267529
-Node: Interactive Shell Behavior\7f268341
-Node: Bash Conditional Expressions\7f271967
-Node: Shell Arithmetic\7f276606
-Node: Aliases\7f279547
-Node: Arrays\7f282157
-Node: The Directory Stack\7f288545
-Node: Directory Stack Builtins\7f289326
-Node: Controlling the Prompt\7f293583
-Node: The Restricted Shell\7f296545
-Node: Bash POSIX Mode\7f299152
-Node: Shell Compatibility Mode\7f310799
-Node: Job Control\7f318825
-Node: Job Control Basics\7f319282
-Node: Job Control Builtins\7f324281
-Node: Job Control Variables\7f329678
-Node: Command Line Editing\7f330831
-Node: Introduction and Notation\7f332499
-Node: Readline Interaction\7f334119
-Node: Readline Bare Essentials\7f335307
-Node: Readline Movement Commands\7f337087
-Node: Readline Killing Commands\7f338044
-Node: Readline Arguments\7f339959
-Node: Searching\7f341000
-Node: Readline Init File\7f343183
-Node: Readline Init File Syntax\7f344441
-Node: Conditional Init Constructs\7f367637
-Node: Sample Init File\7f371830
-Node: Bindable Readline Commands\7f374951
-Node: Commands For Moving\7f376152
-Node: Commands For History\7f378200
-Node: Commands For Text\7f383191
-Node: Commands For Killing\7f386837
-Node: Numeric Arguments\7f389867
-Node: Commands For Completion\7f391003
-Node: Keyboard Macros\7f395191
-Node: Miscellaneous Commands\7f395875
-Node: Readline vi Mode\7f401811
-Node: Programmable Completion\7f402715
-Node: Programmable Completion Builtins\7f410492
-Node: A Programmable Completion Example\7f421184
-Node: Using History Interactively\7f426428
-Node: Bash History Facilities\7f427109
-Node: Bash History Builtins\7f430111
-Node: History Interaction\7f435116
-Node: Event Designators\7f438733
-Node: Word Designators\7f440084
-Node: Modifiers\7f441841
-Node: Installing Bash\7f443649
-Node: Basic Installation\7f444783
-Node: Compilers and Options\7f448502
-Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures\7f449240
-Node: Installation Names\7f450930
-Node: Specifying the System Type\7f453036
-Node: Sharing Defaults\7f453749
-Node: Operation Controls\7f454419
-Node: Optional Features\7f455374
-Node: Reporting Bugs\7f466589
-Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell\7f467861
-Node: GNU Free Documentation License\7f484708
-Node: Indexes\7f509882
-Node: Builtin Index\7f510333
-Node: Reserved Word Index\7f517157
-Node: Variable Index\7f519602
-Node: Function Index\7f536373
-Node: Concept Index\7f550154
+Node: Top\7f884
+Node: Introduction\7f2791
+Node: What is Bash?\7f3004
+Node: What is a shell?\7f4115
+Node: Definitions\7f6650
+Node: Basic Shell Features\7f9598
+Node: Shell Syntax\7f10814
+Node: Shell Operation\7f11837
+Node: Quoting\7f13127
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(Otherwise, it is the e)5.183 F(xit)-.15 E(status of the last command e)
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(may be either a simple command or a compound com-)3.099 F 1.4
-(mand \(see abo)108 364.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.27(NA)6.4 G
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(ME).27 E F0 1.4(is a shell v)3.9 F 1.4(ariable name.)-.25 F(If)6.4 E F1
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-(ault name is)-.1 F F2(CO-)3.9 E(PR)108 376.8 Q(OC)-.3 E F0(.)A
-(The recommended form to use for a coprocess is)108 393.6 Q F2(copr)144
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-108 427.2 R -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.313(ys being named).1 F F2(CO-)3.812 E(PR)108
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Q F1 -.27(NA)2.5 G(ME).27 E F0(and the \214rst w)2.5 E
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R -.15(xe)-.15 G .09(cuted, the shell creates an array v).15 F .09
(ariable \(see)-.25 F F2(Arrays)2.59 E F0(belo)2.59 E .09(w\) named)-.25
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(The standard output of)5.302 F F1(command)3.002 E F0 .302
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-108 532.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .587
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(cuting shell, and that \214le descriptor is assigned to).15 F F1 -.27
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(Since the coprocess is created as an asynchronous command, the)108
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(When the command history e)108 427.2 R 1.344(xpansion f)-.15 F 1.344
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(infrastructure performs the lookup and translation, using the)3.284 F
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-(ariable is referenced, as-)-.25 F .132
+-5.419 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.919(rt).15 G .419(he nameref v)-2.919 F .419
+(ariable is referenced, as-)-.25 F .133
(signed to, unset, or has its attrib)108 172.8 R .132
-(utes modi\214ed \(other than using or changing the)-.2 F F2(namer)2.633
-E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)2.633 E .133(ute itself\), the)-.2 F 1.357
+(utes modi\214ed \(other than using or changing the)-.2 F F2(namer)2.632
+E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)2.632 E .132(ute itself\), the)-.2 F 1.356
(operation is actually performed on the v)108 184.8 R 1.357
-(ariable speci\214ed by the nameref v)-.25 F(ariable')-.25 E 3.856(sv)
--.55 G 3.856(alue. A)-4.106 F 1.356(nameref is)3.856 F .971
-(commonly used within shell functions to refer to a v)108 196.8 R .972
-(ariable whose name is passed as an ar)-.25 F .972(gument to the)-.18 F
+(ariable speci\214ed by the nameref v)-.25 F(ariable')-.25 E 3.857(sv)
+-.55 G 3.857(alue. A)-4.107 F 1.357(nameref is)3.857 F .972
+(commonly used within shell functions to refer to a v)108 196.8 R .971
+(ariable whose name is passed as an ar)-.25 F .971(gument to the)-.18 F
2.5(function. F)108 208.8 R(or instance, if a v)-.15 E
(ariable name is passed to a shell function as its \214rst ar)-.25 E
(gument, running)-.18 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF(declare -n ref=$1)144 226.8 Q
-F0 .303(inside the function creates a nameref v)108 244.8 R(ariable)-.25
+F0 .302(inside the function creates a nameref v)108 244.8 R(ariable)-.25
E F1 -.18(re)2.803 G(f).18 E F0 .303(whose v)2.803 F .303(alue is the v)
--.25 F .302(ariable name passed as the \214rst ar)-.25 F(gu-)-.18 E
+-.25 F .303(ariable name passed as the \214rst ar)-.25 F(gu-)-.18 E
3.592(ment. References)108 256.8 R 1.092(and assignments to)3.592 F F1
-.18(re)3.592 G(f).18 E F0 3.592(,a)C 1.092(nd changes to its attrib)
--3.592 F 1.092(utes, are treated as references, assign-)-.2 F .144
+-3.592 F 1.092(utes, are treated as references, assign-)-.2 F .143
(ments, and attrib)108 268.8 R .144(ute modi\214cations to the v)-.2 F
.144(ariable whose name w)-.25 F .144(as passed as)-.1 F F1($1)2.644 E
-F0 5.144(.I)C 2.644(ft)-5.144 G .144(he control v)-2.644 F .143
-(ariable in a)-.25 F F1 -.25(fo)108 280.8 S(r).25 E F0 .867
-(loop has the nameref attrib)3.367 F .867(ute, the list of w)-.2 F .868
-(ords can be a list of shell v)-.1 F .868
+F0 5.144(.I)C 2.644(ft)-5.144 G .144(he control v)-2.644 F .144
+(ariable in a)-.25 F F1 -.25(fo)108 280.8 S(r).25 E F0 .868
+(loop has the nameref attrib)3.368 F .868(ute, the list of w)-.2 F .867
+(ords can be a list of shell v)-.1 F .867
(ariables, and a name reference)-.25 F .509
(will be established for each w)108 292.8 R .509
(ord in the list, in turn, when the loop is e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.009
(cuted. Array).15 F -.25(va)3.009 G .509(riables cannot be).25 F(gi)108
-304.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.031(nt).15 G(he)-3.031 E F1(namer)3.031 E(ef)
--.18 E F0(attrib)3.031 E 3.031(ute. Ho)-.2 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-1.331 -.4(r, n).15 H .531(ameref v).4 F .532
-(ariables can reference array v)-.25 F .532(ariables and subscripted ar)
--.25 F(-)-.2 E .534(ray v)108 316.8 R 3.034(ariables. Namerefs)-.25 F
-.53
4(can be unset using the)3.034 F F1<ad6e>3.033 E F0 .533
-(option to the)3.033 F F1(unset)3.033 E F0 -.2(bu)3.033 G 3.033
-(iltin. Otherwise,).2 F(if)3.033 E F1(unset)3.033 E F0 .533(is e)3.033 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E .442(cuted with the name of a nameref v)108 328.8
-R .442(ariable as an ar)-.25 F .442(gument, the v)-.18 F .443
+304.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.032(nt).15 G(he)-3.032 E F1(namer)3.032 E(ef)
+-.18 E F0(attrib)3.032 E 3.032(ute. Ho)-.2 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
+1.332 -.4(r, n).15 H .532(ameref v).4 F .531
+(ariables can reference array v)-.25 F .531(ariables and subscripted ar)
+-.25 F(-)-.2 E .533(ray v)108 316.8 R 3.033(ariables. Namerefs)-.25 F
+.53
3(can be unset using the)3.033 F F1<ad6e>3.033 E F0 .533
+(option to the)3.033 F F1(unset)3.033 E F0 -.2(bu)3.034 G 3.034
+(iltin. Otherwise,).2 F(if)3.034 E F1(unset)3.034 E F0 .534(is e)3.034 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E .443(cuted with the name of a nameref v)108 328.8
+R .442(ariable as an ar)-.25 F .442(gument, the v)-.18 F .442
(ariable referenced by the nameref v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E
(will be unset.)108 340.8 Q F1 -.2(Po)87 357.6 S(sitional P).2 E
-(arameters)-.1 E F0(A)108 369.6 Q F2 .706(positional par)4.456 F(ameter)
+(arameters)-.1 E F0(A)108 369.6 Q F2 .705(positional par)4.455 F(ameter)
-.15 E F0 .706(is a parameter denoted by one or more digits, other than\
- the single digit 0.)3.936 F(Posi-)5.705 E .444
+ the single digit 0.)3.935 F(Posi-)5.706 E .445
(tional parameters are assigned from the shell')108 381.6 R 2.944(sa)
-.55 G -.18(rg)-2.944 G .444(uments when it is in).18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1
-(ke).2 G .445(d, and may be reassigned using).1 F(the)108 393.6 Q F1
-(set)3.334 E F0 -.2(bu)3.334 G .834(iltin command.).2 F .833(Positional\
- parameters may not be assigned to with assignment statements.)5.834 F
-(The)5.833 E(positional parameters are temporarily replaced when a shel\
+(ke).2 G .444(d, and may be reassigned using).1 F(the)108 393.6 Q F1
+(set)3.333 E F0 -.2(bu)3.333 G .833(iltin command.).2 F .834(Positional\
+ parameters may not be assigned to with assignment statements.)5.833 F
+(The)5.834 E(positional parameters are temporarily replaced when a shel\
l function is e)108 405.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted \(see).15 E/F4 9
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCTIONS)2.5 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E 1.403(When \
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCTIONS)2.5 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E 1.404(When \
a positional parameter consisting of more than a single digit is e)108
-422.4 R 1.404(xpanded, it must be enclosed in)-.15 F(braces \(see)108
+422.4 R 1.403(xpanded, it must be enclosed in)-.15 F(braces \(see)108
434.4 Q F4(EXP)2.5 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1
-(Special P)87 451.2 Q(arameters)-.1 E F0 1.675(The shell treats se)108
-463.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.675(ral parameters specially).15 F 6.675(.T)
--.65 G 1.674(hese parameters may only be referenced; assignment to)
+(Special P)87 451.2 Q(arameters)-.1 E F0 1.674(The shell treats se)108
+463.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.674(ral parameters specially).15 F 6.675(.T)
+-.65 G 1.675(hese parameters may only be referenced; assignment to)
-6.675 F(them is not allo)108 475.2 Q(wed.)-.25 E F1(*)108 487.2 Q F0
-.223(Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one.)144 487.2
-R .224(When the e)5.224 F .224(xpansion is not within double)-.15 F .663
+.224(Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one.)144 487.2
+R .223(When the e)5.224 F .223(xpansion is not within double)-.15 F .662
(quotes, each positional parameter e)144 499.2 R .662
(xpands to a separate w)-.15 F 3.162(ord. In)-.1 F(conte)3.162 E .662
-(xts where it is performed,)-.15 F 1.081(those w)144 511.2 R 1.081
-(ords are subject to further w)-.1 F 1.082(ord splitting and pathname e)
--.1 F 3.582(xpansion. When)-.15 F 1.082(the e)3.582 F(xpansion)-.15 E
-.915(occurs within double quotes, it e)144 523.2 R .914
-(xpands to a single w)-.15 F .914(ord with the v)-.1 F .914
-(alue of each parameter sepa-)-.25 F .89
+(xts where it is performed,)-.15 F 1.082(those w)144 511.2 R 1.082
+(ords are subject to further w)-.1 F 1.081(ord splitting and pathname e)
+-.1 F 3.581(xpansion. When)-.15 F 1.081(the e)3.581 F(xpansion)-.15 E
+.914(occurs within double quotes, it e)144 523.2 R .914
+(xpands to a single w)-.15 F .915(ord with the v)-.1 F .915
+(alue of each parameter sepa-)-.25 F .891
(rated by the \214rst character of the)144 535.2 R F4(IFS)3.39 E F0 .89
-(special v)3.14 F 3.39(ariable. That)-.25 F .891(is, ")3.391 F F1($*)A
-F0 3.391("i)C 3.391(se)-3.391 G(qui)-3.391 E -.25(va)-.25 G .891
-(lent to ").25 F F1($1)A F2(c)A F1($2)A F2(c)A F1(...)A F0(",)A(where)
-144 547.2 Q F2(c)3.533 E F0 .832(is the \214rst character of the v)3.643
-F .832(alue of the)-.25 F F4(IFS)3.332 E F0 -.25(va)3.082 G 3.332
-(riable. If).25 F F4(IFS)3.332 E F0 .832(is unset, the parameters are)
-3.082 F(separated by spaces.)144 559.2 Q(If)5 E F4(IFS)2.5 E F0
+(special v)3.14 F 3.39(ariable. That)-.25 F .89(is, ")3.39 F F1($*)A F0
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+F1($1)A F2(c)A F1($2)A F2(c)A F1(...)A F0(",)A(where)144 547.2 Q F2(c)
+3.532 E F0 .832(is the \214rst character of the v)3.642 F .832
+(alue of the)-.25 F F4(IFS)3.332 E F0 -.25(va)3.082 G 3.332(riable. If)
+.25 F F4(IFS)3.332 E F0 .833(is unset, the parameters are)3.082 F
+(separated by spaces.)144 559.2 Q(If)5 E F4(IFS)2.5 E F0
(is null, the parameters are joined without interv)2.25 E
(ening separators.)-.15 E F1(@)108 571.2 Q F0 .722
(Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one.)144 571.2 R
-.722(In conte)5.722 F .722(xts where w)-.15 F .723(ord splitting is per)
+.722(In conte)5.722 F .722(xts where w)-.15 F .722(ord splitting is per)
-.1 F(-)-.2 E 1.165(formed, this e)144 583.2 R 1.165
(xpands each positional parameter to a separate w)-.15 F 1.165
-(ord; if not within double quotes,)-.1 F .654(these w)144 595.2 R .654
+(ord; if not within double quotes,)-.1 F .655(these w)144 595.2 R .655
(ords are subject to w)-.1 F .655(ord splitting.)-.1 F .655(In conte)
-5.655 F .655(xts where w)-.15 F .655
+5.655 F .655(xts where w)-.15 F .654
(ord splitting is not performed, this)-.1 F -.15(ex)144 607.2 S .748
(pands to a single w).15 F .748
(ord with each positional parameter separated by a space.)-.1 F .748
-(When the e)5.748 F(xpan-)-.15 E 1.09
+(When the e)5.748 F(xpan-)-.15 E 1.091
(sion occurs within double quotes, each parameter e)144 619.2 R 1.091
-(xpands to a separate w)-.15 F 3.591(ord. That)-.1 F 1.091(is, ")3.591 F
-F1($@)A F0 3.591("i)C(s)-3.591 E(equi)144 631.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .413
-(lent to ").25 F F1($1)A F0 2.913("")C F1($2)-2.913 E F0 2.913(".)C
-2.913(.. If)-2.913 F .413(the double-quoted e)2.913 F .413
-(xpansion occurs within a w)-.15 F .412(ord, the e)-.1 F .412
-(xpansion of)-.15 F .379(the \214rst parameter is joined with the be)144
-643.2 R .379(ginning part of the original w)-.15 F .38(ord, and the e)
--.1 F .38(xpansion of the)-.15 F .771
+(xpands to a separate w)-.15 F 3.59(ord. That)-.1 F 1.09(is, ")3.59 F F1
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+(lent to ").25 F F1($1)A F0 2.912("")C F1($2)-2.912 E F0 2.912(".)C
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+(xpansion occurs within a w)-.15 F .413(ord, the e)-.1 F .413
+(xpansion of)-.15 F .38(the \214rst parameter is joined with the be)144
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(last parameter is joined with the last part of the original w)144 655.2
-R 3.271(ord. When)-.1 F .771(there are no positional pa-)3.271 F
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(rameters, ")144 667.2 Q F1($@)A F0 2.5("a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1($@)2.5 E F0
-.15(ex)2.5 G(pand to nothing \(i.e., the).15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re remo)
-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(d\).).15 E F1(#)108 679.2 Q F0
(Expands to the number of positional parameters in decimal.)144 679.2 Q
F1(?)108 691.2 Q F0(Expands to the e)144 691.2 Q
(xit status of the most recently e)-.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted fore).15
-E(ground pipeline.)-.15 E F1<ad>108 703.2 Q F0 .881
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(Expands to the current option \215ags as speci\214ed upon in)144 703.2
-R -.2(vo)-.4 G .881(cation, by the).2 F F1(set)3.382 E F0 -.2(bu)3.382 G
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144 715.2 Q F1<ad69>2.5 E F0(option\).)2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
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%%Page: 11 11
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(as an asynchronous command or using the)144 120 Q F1(bg)2.5 E F0 -.2
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-E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(0)108 132 Q F0 .887
+E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(0)108 132 Q F0 .886
(Expands to the name of the shell or shell script.)144 132 R .886
-(This is set at shell initialization.)5.886 F(If)5.886 E F1(bash)3.386 E
-F0 .886(is in-)3.386 F -.2(vo)144 144 S -.1(ke).2 G 2.667(dw).1 G .167
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-(tion, then)144 156 R F1($0)3.396 E F0 .895(is set to the \214rst ar)
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-(cuted, if one is present.).15 F(Other)5.895 E(-)-.2 E
+F0 .167(is started with the)2.667 F F1<ad63>2.667 E F0(op-)2.667 E .895
+(tion, then)144 156 R F1($0)3.395 E F0 .895(is set to the \214rst ar)
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+(cuted, if one is present.).15 F(Other)5.896 E(-)-.2 E
(wise, it is set to the \214lename used to in)144 168 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1
(ke).2 G F1(bash)2.6 E F0 2.5(,a)C 2.5(sg)-2.5 G -2.15 -.25(iv e)-2.5 H
2.5(nb).25 G 2.5(ya)-2.5 G -.18(rg)-2.5 G(ument zero.).18 E F1(Shell V)
87 184.8 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0(The follo)108 196.8 Q(wing v)-.25 E
-(ariables are set by the shell:)-.25 E F1(_)108 213.6 Q F0 1.525
+(ariables are set by the shell:)-.25 E F1(_)108 213.6 Q F0 1.526
(At shell startup, set to the pathname used to in)144 213.6 R -.2(vo)-.4
-G 1.725 -.1(ke t).2 H 1.526(he shell or shell script being e).1 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G 1.526(cuted as).15 F .174(passed in the en)144 225.6 R .174
+G 1.725 -.1(ke t).2 H 1.525(he shell or shell script being e).1 F -.15
+(xe)-.15 G 1.525(cuted as).15 F .173(passed in the en)144 225.6 R .173
(vironment or ar)-.4 F .173(gument list.)-.18 F(Subsequently)5.173 E
-2.673(,e)-.65 G .173(xpands to the last ar)-2.823 F .173
-(gument to the pre-)-.18 F .336(vious simple command e)144 237.6 R -.15
-(xe)-.15 G .336(cuted in the fore).15 F .336(ground, after e)-.15 F
-2.837(xpansion. Also)-.15 F .337(set to the full pathname)2.837 F .366
-(used to in)144 249.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .566 -.1(ke e).2 H .366
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+(gument to the pre-)-.18 F .337(vious simple command e)144 237.6 R -.15
+(xe)-.15 G .337(cuted in the fore).15 F .336(ground, after e)-.15 F
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+(used to in)144 249.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .565 -.1(ke e).2 H .365
(ach command e).1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .366(cuted and placed in the en).15 F
-.365(vironment e)-.4 F .365(xported to that command.)-.15 F(When checki\
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ng check)144 261.6 Q(ed.)-.1 E F1 -.3(BA)108 273.6 S(SH).3 E F0
(Expands to the full \214lename used to in)144 273.6 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G .2
-.1(ke t).2 H(his instance of).1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.3(BA)108
-285.6 S(SHOPTS).3 E F0 2.548(Ac)144 297.6 S .049
-(olon-separated list of enabled shell options.)-2.548 F .049(Each w)
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+(olon-separated list of enabled shell options.)-2.549 F .049(Each w)
5.049 F .049(ord in the list is a v)-.1 F .049(alid ar)-.25 F .049
-(gument for the)-.18 F F1<ad73>2.549 E F0 .116(option to the)144 309.6 R
+(gument for the)-.18 F F1<ad73>2.548 E F0 .115(option to the)144 309.6 R
F1(shopt)2.616 E F0 -.2(bu)2.616 G .116(iltin command \(see).2 F F2 .116
(SHELL B)2.616 F(UIL)-.09 E .116(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.366 E
-2.616(w\). The)-.25 F .115(options ap-)2.615 F 1.066(pearing in)144
-321.6 R F2 -.27(BA)3.566 G(SHOPTS).27 E F0 1.066(are those reported as)
-3.316 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(on)3.796 E F0(by)3.807 E F1(shopt)3.567
-E F0 6.067(.I)C 3.567(ft)-6.067 G 1.067(his v)-3.567 F 1.067
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(ariable is in the en)-.25 F(vironment)-.4 E(when)144 333.6 Q F1(bash)
-3.142 E F0 .642(starts up, each shell option in the list will be enable\
-d before reading an)3.142 F 3.141(ys)-.15 G .641(tartup \214les.)-3.141
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F(This v)144 345.6 Q(ariable is read-only)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F1 -.3(BA)108
-357.6 S(SHPID).3 E F0 .187(Expands to the process ID of the current)144
-369.6 R F1(bash)2.687 E F0 2.688(process. This)2.688 F(dif)2.688 E .188
-(fers from)-.25 F F1($$)2.688 E F0 .188(under certain circum-)2.688 F
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+(fers from)-.25 F F1($$)2.687 E F0 .187(under certain circum-)2.687 F
.548(stances, such as subshells that do not require)144 381.6 R F1(bash)
-3.048 E F0 .548(to be re-initialized.)3.048 F .548(Assignments to)5.548
-F F2 -.27(BA)3.048 G(SHPID).27 E F0(ha)144 393.6 Q .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H
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+F F2 -.27(BA)3.049 G(SHPID).27 E F0(ha)144 393.6 Q .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H
2.5(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.5 G 2.5(ect. If).25 F F1 -.3(BA)2.5 G(SHPID).3 E
F0(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)
(ve)-.25 G .96 -.4(r, u).15 H(nsetting).4 E 4.503
(array elements currently does not cause aliases to be remo)144 441.6 R
-.15(ve)-.15 G 7.003(df).15 G 4.503(rom the alias list.)-7.003 F(If)
-9.503 E F1 -.3(BA)144 453.6 S(SH_ALIASES).3 E F0
+9.502 E F1 -.3(BA)144 453.6 S(SH_ALIASES).3 E F0
(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)
--2.5 E F1 -.3(BA)108 465.6 S(SH_ARGC).3 E F0 .935(An array v)144 477.6 R
-.935(ariable whose v)-.25 F .934
+-2.5 E F1 -.3(BA)108 465.6 S(SH_ARGC).3 E F0 .934(An array v)144 477.6 R
+.934(ariable whose v)-.25 F .934
(alues are the number of parameters in each frame of the current)-.25 F
-F1(bash)3.434 E F0 -.15(exe)144 489.6 S .535(cution call stack.).15 F
+F1(bash)3.435 E F0 -.15(exe)144 489.6 S .535(cution call stack.).15 F
.535(The number of parameters to the current subroutine \(shell functio\
-n or script)5.535 F -.15(exe)144 501.6 S .142(cuted with).15 F F1(.)
-2.642 E F0(or)2.642 E F1(sour)2.642 E(ce)-.18 E F0 2.642(\)i)C 2.642(sa)
--2.642 G 2.642(tt)-2.642 G .142(he top of the stack.)-2.642 F .141
-(When a subroutine is e)5.141 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .141
+n or script)5.535 F -.15(exe)144 501.6 S .141(cuted with).15 F F1(.)
+2.641 E F0(or)2.641 E F1(sour)2.641 E(ce)-.18 E F0 2.641(\)i)C 2.641(sa)
+-2.641 G 2.641(tt)-2.641 G .142(he top of the stack.)-2.641 F .142
+(When a subroutine is e)5.142 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .142
(cuted, the number of).15 F 1.265(parameters passed is pushed onto)144
513.6 R F2 -.27(BA)3.765 G(SH_ARGC).27 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0
1.265(The shell sets)5.765 F F2 -.27(BA)3.765 G(SH_ARGC).27 E F0 1.265
-(only when in e)3.515 F(x-)-.15 E .948(tended deb)144 525.6 R .947
+(only when in e)3.515 F(x-)-.15 E .947(tended deb)144 525.6 R .947
(ugging mode \(see the description of the)-.2 F F1(extdeb)3.447 E(ug)-.2
-E F0 .947(option to the)3.447 F F1(shopt)3.447 E F0 -.2(bu)3.447 G .947
-(iltin belo).2 F(w\).)-.25 E(Setting)144 537.6 Q F1(extdeb)3.362 E(ug)
--.2 E F0 .862(after the shell has started to e)3.362 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.863(cute a script, or referencing this v).15 F .863(ariable when)-.25 F
+E F0 .947(option to the)3.447 F F1(shopt)3.447 E F0 -.2(bu)3.448 G .948
+(iltin belo).2 F(w\).)-.25 E(Setting)144 537.6 Q F1(extdeb)3.363 E(ug)
+-.2 E F0 .863(after the shell has started to e)3.363 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
+.862(cute a script, or referencing this v).15 F .862(ariable when)-.25 F
F1(extdeb)144 549.6 Q(ug)-.2 E F0
(is not set, may result in inconsistent v)2.5 E(alues.)-.25 E F1 -.3(BA)
-108 561.6 S(SH_ARGV).3 E F0 .207(An array v)144 573.6 R .206
+108 561.6 S(SH_ARGV).3 E F0 .206(An array v)144 573.6 R .206
(ariable containing all of the parameters in the current)-.25 F F1(bash)
-2.706 E F0 -.15(exe)2.706 G .206(cution call stack.).15 F .206
-(The \214-)5.206 F .567(nal parameter of the last subroutine call is at\
+2.706 E F0 -.15(exe)2.706 G .207(cution call stack.).15 F .207
+(The \214-)5.207 F .567(nal parameter of the last subroutine call is at\
the top of the stack; the \214rst parameter of the initial)144 585.6 R
1.424(call is at the bottom.)144 597.6 R 1.424(When a subroutine is e)
6.424 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.424
(cuted, the parameters supplied are pushed onto).15 F F2 -.27(BA)144
-609.6 S(SH_ARGV).27 E F4(.)A F0 .853(The shell sets)5.353 F F2 -.27(BA)
-3.353 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .853(only when in e)3.103 F .854(xtended deb)
--.15 F .854(ugging mode \(see the de-)-.2 F .476(scription of the)144
-621.6 R F1(extdeb)2.976 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .476(option to the)2.976 F F1
+609.6 S(SH_ARGV).27 E F4(.)A F0 .854(The shell sets)5.354 F F2 -.27(BA)
+3.354 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .853(only when in e)3.104 F .853(xtended deb)
+-.15 F .853(ugging mode \(see the de-)-.2 F .475(scription of the)144
+621.6 R F1(extdeb)2.975 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .475(option to the)2.975 F F1
(shopt)2.975 E F0 -.2(bu)2.975 G .475(iltin belo).2 F 2.975
-(w\). Setting)-.25 F F1(extdeb)2.975 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .475
-(after the shell has)2.975 F .45(started to e)144 633.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
+(w\). Setting)-.25 F F1(extdeb)2.976 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .476
+(after the shell has)2.976 F .45(started to e)144 633.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
.45(cute a script, or referencing this v).15 F .45(ariable when)-.25 F
F1(extdeb)2.95 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .45(is not set, may result in in-)2.95 F
(consistent v)144 645.6 Q(alues.)-.25 E F1 -.3(BA)108 657.6 S(SH_ARGV0)
-.3 E F0 .251(When referenced, this v)144 669.6 R .251(ariable e)-.25 F
+.3 E F0 .25(When referenced, this v)144 669.6 R .25(ariable e)-.25 F
.251(xpands to the name of the shell or shell script \(identical to)-.15
-F F1($0)2.75 E F0 2.75(;s)C(ee)-2.75 E .04
+F F1($0)2.751 E F0 2.751(;s)C(ee)-2.751 E .041
(the description of special parameter 0 abo)144 681.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G
2.541(\). Assignment).15 F(to)2.541 E F1 -.3(BA)2.541 G(SH_ARGV0).3 E F0
-.041(causes the v)2.541 F .041(alue as-)-.25 F .216
+.04(causes the v)2.541 F .04(alue as-)-.25 F .216
(signed to also be assigned to)144 693.6 R F1($0)2.716 E F0 5.216(.I)C
(f)-5.216 E F1 -.3(BA)2.716 G(SH_ARGV0).3 E F0 .216
(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.716 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-2.715(ni).15 G(f)-2.715 E(it is subsequently reset.)144 705.6 Q
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(11)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
+2.716(ni).15 G(f)-2.716 E(it is subsequently reset.)144 705.6 Q
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(11)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF -.3(BA)108 84 S(SH_CMDS).3 E F0 .667(An associati)144 96 R .967 -.15
-(ve a)-.25 H .667(rray v).15 F .668(ariable whose members correspond to\
- the internal hash table of commands)-.25 F .196(as maintained by the)
-144 108 R F1(hash)2.696 E F0 -.2(bu)2.696 G 2.696(iltin. Elements).2 F
-.195(added to this array appear in the hash table; ho)2.696 F(we)-.25 E
+SF -.3(BA)108 84 S(SH_CMDS).3 E F0 .668(An associati)144 96 R .968 -.15
+(ve a)-.25 H .668(rray v).15 F .668(ariable whose members correspond to\
+ the internal hash table of commands)-.25 F .195(as maintained by the)
+144 108 R F1(hash)2.695 E F0 -.2(bu)2.695 G 2.695(iltin. Elements).2 F
+.196(added to this array appear in the hash table; ho)2.696 F(we)-.25 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G .852(unsetting array elements currently doe\
s not cause command names to be remo)144 120 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.352(df)
-.15 G .853(rom the hash)-3.352 F 2.5(table. If)144 132 R F1 -.3(BA)2.5 G
+.15 G .852(rom the hash)-3.352 F 2.5(table. If)144 132 R F1 -.3(BA)2.5 G
(SH_CMDS).3 E F0(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.5 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G
-(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1 -.3(BA)108 144 S(SH_COMMAND).3 E F0 1.243
+(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1 -.3(BA)108 144 S(SH_COMMAND).3 E F0 1.242
(The command currently being e)144 156 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.243
-(cuted or about to be e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.242
-(cuted, unless the shell is e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.242(cuting a).15 F
-.262(command as the result of a trap, in which case it is the command e)
-144 168 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .263(cuting at the time of the trap.).15 F(If)
+(cuted or about to be e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.243
+(cuted, unless the shell is e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.243(cuting a).15 F
+.263(command as the result of a trap, in which case it is the command e)
+144 168 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .262(cuting at the time of the trap.).15 F(If)
144 180 Q F1 -.3(BA)2.5 G(SH_COMMAND).3 E F0
(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)
-2.5 E F1 -.3(BA)108 192 S(SH_EXECUTION_STRING).3 E F0(The command ar)
144 204 Q(gument to the)-.18 E F1<ad63>2.5 E F0(in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G
-(cation option.).2 E F1 -.3(BA)108 216 S(SH_LINENO).3 E F0 .693
+(cation option.).2 E F1 -.3(BA)108 216 S(SH_LINENO).3 E F0 .692
(An array v)144 228 R .692(ariable whose members are the line numbers i\
-n source \214les where each corresponding)-.25 F .969(member of)144 240
-R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCN)3.469 E(AME)-.18 E F0 -.1(wa)3.219 G 3.469
-(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-3.469 H -.1(ke).4 G(d.).1 E F1(${B)5.969 E
-(ASH_LINENO[)-.3 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF($i)A F1(]})A F0 .97
-(is the line number in the source)3.469 F 14.672(\214le \()144 252 R F1
-(${B)A(ASH_SOURCE[)-.3 E F3($i+1)A F1(]})A F0 17.172(\)w)C(here)-17.172
+n source \214les where each corresponding)-.25 F .97(member of)144 240 R
+/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCN)3.47 E(AME)-.18 E F0 -.1(wa)3.22 G 3.47(si)
+.1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-3.47 H -.1(ke).4 G(d.).1 E F1(${B)5.969 E
+(ASH_LINENO[)-.3 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF($i)A F1(]})A F0 .969
+(is the line number in the source)3.469 F 14.671(\214le \()144 252 R F1
+(${B)A(ASH_SOURCE[)-.3 E F3($i+1)A F1(]})A F0 17.171(\)w)C(here)-17.171
E F1(${FUNCN)17.172 E(AME[)-.2 E F3($i)A F1(]})A F0 -.1(wa)17.172 G
-17.171(sc).1 G 14.671(alled \(or)-17.171 F F1(${B)144 264 Q(ASH_LINENO[)
+17.172(sc).1 G 14.672(alled \(or)-17.172 F F1(${B)144 264 Q(ASH_LINENO[)
-.3 E F3($i-1)A F1(]})A F0 .115
(if referenced within another shell function\).)2.615 F(Use)5.115 E F2
(LINENO)2.615 E F0 .115(to obtain the)2.365 F(current line number)144
-.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 4.07(Ac)144 300 S 1.57(olon-separated list of\
directories in which the shell looks for dynamically loadable b)-4.07 F
(uiltins)-.2 E(speci\214ed by the)144 312 Q F1(enable)2.5 E F0(command.)
-2.5 E F1 -.3(BA)108 324 S(SH_REMA).3 E(TCH)-.95 E F0 .005(An array v)144
-336 R .005(ariable whose members are assigned by the)-.25 F F1(=~)2.506
-E F0 .006(binary operator to the)2.506 F F1([[)2.506 E F0 .006
-(conditional com-)2.506 F 2.507(mand. The)144 348 R .007
-(element with inde)2.507 F 2.507(x0i)-.15 G 2.507(st)-2.507 G .007
-(he portion of the string matching the entire re)-2.507 F .006(gular e)
--.15 F(xpression.)-.15 E .997(The element with inde)144 360 R(x)-.15 E
-F3(n)3.497 E F0 .997(is the portion of the string matching the)3.497 F
-F3(n)3.498 E F0 .998(th parenthesized sube)B(xpres-)-.15 E(sion.)144 372
-Q F1 -.3(BA)108 384 S(SH_SOURCE).3 E F0 .126(An array v)144 396 R .125(\
+2.5 E F1 -.3(BA)108 324 S(SH_REMA).3 E(TCH)-.95 E F0 .006(An array v)144
+336 R .006(ariable whose members are assigned by the)-.25 F F1(=~)2.506
+E F0 .005(binary operator to the)2.506 F F1([[)2.505 E F0 .005
+(conditional com-)2.505 F 2.506(mand. The)144 348 R .007
+(element with inde)2.506 F 2.507(x0i)-.15 G 2.507(st)-2.507 G .007
+(he portion of the string matching the entire re)-2.507 F .007(gular e)
+-.15 F(xpression.)-.15 E .998(The element with inde)144 360 R(x)-.15 E
+F3(n)3.498 E F0 .997(is the portion of the string matching the)3.498 F
+F3(n)3.497 E F0 .997(th parenthesized sube)B(xpres-)-.15 E(sion.)144 372
+Q F1 -.3(BA)108 384 S(SH_SOURCE).3 E F0 .125(An array v)144 396 R .125(\
ariable whose members are the source \214lenames where the correspondin\
-g shell function)-.25 F .78(names in the)144 408 R F2(FUNCN)3.28 E(AME)
+g shell function)-.25 F .781(names in the)144 408 R F2(FUNCN)3.28 E(AME)
-.18 E F0 .78(array v)3.03 F .78(ariable are de\214ned.)-.25 F .78
-(The shell function)5.78 F F1(${FUNCN)3.281 E(AME[)-.2 E F3($i)A F1(]})A
-F0(is)3.281 E(de\214ned in the \214le)144 420 Q F1(${B)2.5 E
-(ASH_SOURCE[)-.3 E F3($i)A F1(]})A F0(and called from)2.5 E F1(${B)2.5 E
-(ASH_SOURCE[)-.3 E F3($i+1)A F1(]})A F0(.)A F1 -.3(BA)108 432 S
-(SH_SUBSHELL).3 E F0 .296
-(Incremented by one within each subshell or subshell en)144 444 R .296
-(vironment when the shell be)-.4 F .296(gins e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-(cuting).15 E 1.276(in that en)144 456 R 3.776(vironment. The)-.4 F
-1.276(initial v)3.776 F 1.277(alue is 0.)-.25 F(If)6.277 E F1 -.3(BA)
-3.777 G(SH_SUBSHELL).3 E F0 1.277(is unset, it loses its special)3.777 F
+(The shell function)5.78 F F1(${FUNCN)3.28 E(AME[)-.2 E F3($i)A F1(]})A
+F0(is)3.28 E(de\214ned in the \214le)144 420 Q F1(${B)2.5 E(ASH_SOURCE[)
+-.3 E F3($i)A F1(]})A F0(and called from)2.5 E F1(${B)2.5 E(ASH_SOURCE[)
+-.3 E F3($i+1)A F1(]})A F0(.)A F1 -.3(BA)108 432 S(SH_SUBSHELL).3 E F0
+.296(Incremented by one within each subshell or subshell en)144 444 R
+.296(vironment when the shell be)-.4 F .297(gins e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
+(cuting).15 E 1.277(in that en)144 456 R 3.777(vironment. The)-.4 F
+1.277(initial v)3.777 F 1.277(alue is 0.)-.25 F(If)6.277 E F1 -.3(BA)
+3.777 G(SH_SUBSHELL).3 E F0 1.276(is unset, it loses its special)3.777 F
(properties, e)144 468 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5
(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1 -.3(BA)108 480 S
-(SH_VERSINFO).3 E F0 2.645(Ar)144 492 S .145(eadonly array v)-2.645 F
+(SH_VERSINFO).3 E F0 2.644(Ar)144 492 S .144(eadonly array v)-2.644 F
.144(ariable whose members hold v)-.25 F .144
-(ersion information for this instance of)-.15 F F1(bash)2.644 E F0 5.144
-(.T)C(he)-5.144 E -.25(va)144 504 S
+(ersion information for this instance of)-.15 F F1(bash)2.645 E F0 5.145
+(.T)C(he)-5.145 E -.25(va)144 504 S
(lues assigned to the array members are as follo).25 E(ws:)-.25 E F1 -.3
(BA)144 522 S(SH_VERSINFO[).3 E F0(0)A F1(])A F0(The major v)264 522 Q
(ersion number \(the)-.15 E F3 -.37(re)2.5 G(lease).37 E F0(\).)A F1 -.3
/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1 -.3(BA)108 594 S(SH_VERSION).3 E F0
(Expands to a string describing the v)144 606 Q
(ersion of this instance of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(COMP_CW)108
-618 Q(ORD)-.1 E F0 .396(An inde)144 630 R 2.896(xi)-.15 G(nto)-2.896 E
+618 Q(ORD)-.1 E F0 .397(An inde)144 630 R 2.897(xi)-.15 G(nto)-2.897 E
F1(${COMP_W)2.896 E(ORDS})-.1 E F0 .396(of the w)2.896 F .396
-(ord containing the current cursor position.)-.1 F .397(This v)5.397 F
-(ari-)-.25 E 1.181(able is a)144 642 R -.25(va)-.2 G 1.181
+(ord containing the current cursor position.)-.1 F .396(This v)5.396 F
+(ari-)-.25 E 1.18(able is a)144 642 R -.25(va)-.2 G 1.181
(ilable only in shell functions in).25 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.681
-(db).1 G 3.681(yt)-3.681 G 1.18(he programmable completion f)-3.681 F
-1.18(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)144 654 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E
+(db).1 G 3.681(yt)-3.681 G 1.181(he programmable completion f)-3.681 F
+1.181(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)144 654 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E
F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_KEY)108 666 Q F0(The k)144 678 Q .3
-.15(ey \()-.1 H(or \214nal k).15 E .3 -.15(ey o)-.1 H 2.5(fak).15 G .3
-.15(ey s)-2.6 H(equence\) used to in).15 E -.2(vo)-.4 G .2 -.1(ke t).2
-H(he current completion function.).1 E F1(COMP_LINE)108 690 Q F0 1.207
+H(he current completion function.).1 E F1(COMP_LINE)108 690 Q F0 1.208
(The current command line.)144 702 R 1.208(This v)6.208 F 1.208
(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.208
-(ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F 1.208(xternal com-)-.15 F
+(ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F 1.207(xternal com-)-.15 F
1.037(mands in)144 714 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.537(db).1 G 3.537
(yt)-3.537 G 1.037(he programmable completion f)-3.537 F 1.037
(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)3.537 E 1.037(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F
F0(be-)3.537 E(lo)144 726 Q(w\).)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
-(2022 March 11)144.29 E(12)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
+(2022 June 3)150.675 E(12)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(COMP_POINT)108 84 Q F0 .666(The inde)144 96 R 3.166(xo)-.15 G 3.166
-(ft)-3.166 G .666(he current cursor position relati)-3.166 F .966 -.15
+SF(COMP_POINT)108 84 Q F0 .667(The inde)144 96 R 3.167(xo)-.15 G 3.167
+(ft)-3.167 G .666(he current cursor position relati)-3.167 F .966 -.15
(ve t)-.25 H 3.166(ot).15 G .666(he be)-3.166 F .666
-(ginning of the current command.)-.15 F .667(If the)5.667 F .535
+(ginning of the current command.)-.15 F .666(If the)5.666 F .534
(current cursor position is at the end of the current command, the v)144
-108 R .534(alue of this v)-.25 F .534(ariable is equal to)-.25 F F1
-(${#COMP_LINE})144 120 Q F0 5.704(.T)C .704(his v)-5.704 F .704
+108 R .535(alue of this v)-.25 F .535(ariable is equal to)-.25 F F1
+(${#COMP_LINE})144 120 Q F0 5.705(.T)C .705(his v)-5.705 F .704
(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .704
-(ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F .705(xternal commands in-)
+(ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F .704(xternal commands in-)
-.15 F -.2(vo)144 132 S -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(db).1 G 2.5(yt)-2.5 G
(he programmable completion f)-2.5 E(acilities \(see)-.1 E F1(Pr)2.5 E
(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_TYPE)108
-144 Q F0 .042(Set to an inte)144 156 R .042(ger v)-.15 F .041(alue corr\
+144 Q F0 .041(Set to an inte)144 156 R .041(ger v)-.15 F .041(alue corr\
esponding to the type of completion attempted that caused a completion)
--.25 F .337(function to be called:)144 168 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.5
+-.25 F .338(function to be called:)144 168 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.5
(TA)2.837 G(B).5 E F0 2.837(,f)C .337(or normal completion,)-2.837 F F2
(?)2.837 E F0 2.837(,f)C .337(or listing completions after successi)
--2.837 F .638 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(abs,).15 E F2(!)144 180 Q F0 3.068(,f)C
-.567(or listing alternati)-3.068 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.067(so).15 G 3.067
+-2.837 F .637 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(abs,).15 E F2(!)144 180 Q F0 3.067(,f)C
+.567(or listing alternati)-3.067 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.067(so).15 G 3.067
(np)-3.067 G .567(artial w)-3.067 F .567(ord completion,)-.1 F F2(@)
3.067 E F0 3.067(,t)C 3.067(ol)-3.067 G .567(ist completions if the w)
--3.067 F .567(ord is not un-)-.1 F .417(modi\214ed, or)144 192 R F2(%)
-2.917 E F0 2.917(,f)C .417(or menu completion.)-2.917 F .417(This v)
-5.417 F .417(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .418
+-3.067 F .567(ord is not un-)-.1 F .418(modi\214ed, or)144 192 R F2(%)
+2.918 E F0 2.918(,f)C .418(or menu completion.)-2.918 F .417(This v)
+5.417 F .417(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .417
(ilable only in shell functions and e).25 F(xter)-.15 E(-)-.2 E .704
(nal commands in)144 204 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.204(db).1 G 3.204
(yt)-3.204 G .704(he programmable completion f)-3.204 F .704
(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)3.204 E .704(ogrammable Comple-)-.18 F
(tion)144 216 Q F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_W)108 228 Q(ORDBREAKS)
--.1 E F0 1.335(The set of characters that the)144 240 R F1 -.18(re)3.836
-G(adline).18 E F0 1.336(library treats as w)3.836 F 1.336
-(ord separators when performing w)-.1 F(ord)-.1 E 3.126(completion. If)
-144 252 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)3.126 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F0 .626
-(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.876 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-3.125(ni).15 G 3.125(fi)-3.125 G 3.125(ti)-3.125 G 3.125(ss)-3.125 G
-(ubse-)-3.125 E(quently reset.)144 264 Q F1(COMP_W)108 276 Q(ORDS)-.1 E
-F0 .653(An array v)144 288 R .653(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)3.153 E
-F0(belo)3.153 E .654(w\) consisting of the indi)-.25 F .654(vidual w)
--.25 F .654(ords in the current command)-.1 F 3.192(line. The)144 300 R
+-.1 E F0 1.336(The set of characters that the)144 240 R F1 -.18(re)3.836
+G(adline).18 E F0 1.336(library treats as w)3.836 F 1.335
+(ord separators when performing w)-.1 F(ord)-.1 E 3.125(completion. If)
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+(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.875 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
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+(ubse-)-3.126 E(quently reset.)144 264 Q F1(COMP_W)108 276 Q(ORDS)-.1 E
+F0 .654(An array v)144 288 R .654(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)3.154 E
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+-.25 F .653(ords in the current command)-.1 F 3.191(line. The)144 300 R
.692(line is split into w)3.192 F .692(ords as)-.1 F F1 -.18(re)3.192 G
(adline).18 E F0 -.1(wo)3.192 G .692(uld split it, using).1 F F3(COMP_W)
-3.192 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F0 .691(as de-)2.942 F 1.557(scribed abo)144
-312 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 6.557(.T).15 G 1.557(his v)-6.557 F 1.557
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+312 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 6.558(.T).15 G 1.558(his v)-6.558 F 1.558
(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.558
-(ilable only in shell functions in).25 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 4.058
-(db).1 G 4.058(yt)-4.058 G 1.558(he programmable)-4.058 F(completion f)
+(ilable only in shell functions in).25 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 4.057
+(db).1 G 4.057(yt)-4.057 G 1.557(he programmable)-4.057 F(completion f)
144 324 Q(acilities \(see)-.1 E F1(Pr)2.5 E(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E
-F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COPR)108 336 Q(OC)-.3 E F0 .169(An array v)
-144 348 R .169(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.669 E F0(belo)2.669 E
+F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COPR)108 336 Q(OC)-.3 E F0 .168(An array v)
+144 348 R .168(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.668 E F0(belo)2.669 E
.169
(w\) created to hold the \214le descriptors for output from and input)
-.25 F(to an unnamed coprocess \(see)144 360 Q F1(Copr)2.5 E(ocesses)
-.18 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(DIRST)108 372 Q -.55(AC)
--.9 G(K).55 E F0 .789(An array v)144 384 R .789(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1
-(Arrays)3.289 E F0(belo)3.289 E .789
+-.9 G(K).55 E F0 .79(An array v)144 384 R .79(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1
+(Arrays)3.29 E F0(belo)3.289 E .789
(w\) containing the current contents of the directory stack.)-.25 F(Di-)
-5.79 E .099(rectories appear in the stack in the order the)144 396 R
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2.599(ya)-.15 G .099(re displayed by the)-2.599 F F1(dirs)2.599 E F0 -.2
-(bu)2.599 G 2.598(iltin. Assigning).2 F .098(to mem-)2.598 F .84
+(bu)2.599 G 2.599(iltin. Assigning).2 F .099(to mem-)2.599 F .84
(bers of this array v)144 408 R .84
(ariable may be used to modify directories already in the stack, b)-.25
-F .84(ut the)-.2 F F1(pushd)3.34 E F0(and)144 420 Q F1(popd)3.451 E F0
--.2(bu)3.451 G .951(iltins must be used to add and remo).2 F 1.251 -.15
-(ve d)-.15 H 3.45(irectories. Assignment).15 F .95(to this v)3.45 F .95
-(ariable will)-.25 F .378(not change the current directory)144 432 R
-5.378(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.378 E F3(DIRST)2.878 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0
-.379(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.628 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-2.879(ni).15 G 2.879(fi)-2.879 G 2.879(ti)-2.879 G(s)-2.879 E
+F .84(ut the)-.2 F F1(pushd)3.34 E F0(and)144 420 Q F1(popd)3.45 E F0
+-.2(bu)3.45 G .951(iltins must be used to add and remo).2 F 1.251 -.15
+(ve d)-.15 H 3.451(irectories. Assignment).15 F .951(to this v)3.451 F
+.951(ariable will)-.25 F .379(not change the current directory)144 432 R
+5.379(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.379 E F3(DIRST)2.879 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0
+.378(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.629 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+2.878(ni).15 G 2.878(fi)-2.878 G 2.878(ti)-2.878 G(s)-2.878 E
(subsequently reset.)144 444 Q F1(EPOCHREAL)108 456 Q(TIME)-.92 E F0
-.338(Each time this parameter is referenced, it e)144 468 R .337
+.337(Each time this parameter is referenced, it e)144 468 R .338
(xpands to the number of seconds since the Unix Epoch)-.15 F(\(see)144
-480 Q F2(time)2.916 E F0 .416(\(3\)\) as a \215oating point v)B .417
-(alue with micro-second granularity)-.25 F 5.417(.A)-.65 G .417
-(ssignments to)-5.417 F F3(EPOCHRE-)2.917 E(AL)144 492 Q(TIME)-.828 E F0
-1.091(are ignored.)3.341 F(If)6.091 E F3(EPOCHREAL)3.59 E(TIME)-.828 E
-F0 1.09(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)3.34 F -.15(ve)-.25
-G 3.59(ni).15 G 3.59(fi)-3.59 G 3.59(ti)-3.59 G(s)-3.59 E
-(subsequently reset.)144 504 Q F1(EPOCHSECONDS)108 516 Q F0 .337
-(Each time this parameter is referenced, it e)144 528 R .338
+480 Q F2(time)2.917 E F0 .417(\(3\)\) as a \215oating point v)B .416
+(alue with micro-second granularity)-.25 F 5.416(.A)-.65 G .416
+(ssignments to)-5.416 F F3(EPOCHRE-)2.916 E(AL)144 492 Q(TIME)-.828 E F0
+1.09(are ignored.)3.34 F(If)6.09 E F3(EPOCHREAL)3.59 E(TIME)-.828 E F0
+1.09(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)3.34 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+3.591(ni).15 G 3.591(fi)-3.591 G 3.591(ti)-3.591 G(s)-3.591 E
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+(Each time this parameter is referenced, it e)144 528 R .337
(xpands to the number of seconds since the Unix Epoch)-.15 F(\(see)144
-540 Q F2(time)4.042 E F0 4.042(\(3\)\). Assignments)B(to)4.042 E F3
-(EPOCHSECONDS)4.042 E F0 1.542(are ignored.)3.792 F(If)6.542 E F3
-(EPOCHSECONDS)4.041 E F0 1.541(is unset, it)3.791 F
+540 Q F2(time)4.041 E F0 4.041(\(3\)\). Assignments)B(to)4.041 E F3
+(EPOCHSECONDS)4.041 E F0 1.542(are ignored.)3.792 F(If)6.542 E F3
+(EPOCHSECONDS)4.042 E F0 1.542(is unset, it)3.792 F
(loses its special properties, e)144 552 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G
2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1
-(EUID)108 564 Q F0 1.103(Expands to the ef)144 564 R(fecti)-.25 E 1.403
+(EUID)108 564 Q F0 1.104(Expands to the ef)144 564 R(fecti)-.25 E 1.403
-.15(ve u)-.25 H 1.103(ser ID of the current user).15 F 3.603(,i)-.4 G
-1.103(nitialized at shell startup.)-3.603 F 1.104(This v)6.103 F 1.104
+1.103(nitialized at shell startup.)-3.603 F 1.103(This v)6.103 F 1.103
(ariable is)-.25 F(readonly)144 576 Q(.)-.65 E F1(FUNCN)108 588 Q(AME)
--.2 E F0 .479(An array v)144 600 R .479
+-.2 E F0 .478(An array v)144 600 R .479
(ariable containing the names of all shell functions currently in the e)
--.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .478(cution call stack.).15 F .276
-(The element with inde)144 612 R 2.776(x0i)-.15 G 2.776(st)-2.776 G .276
-(he name of an)-2.776 F 2.777(yc)-.15 G(urrently-e)-2.777 E -.15(xe)-.15
-G .277(cuting shell function.).15 F .277(The bottom-most)5.277 F .385
+-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .479(cution call stack.).15 F .277
+(The element with inde)144 612 R 2.777(x0i)-.15 G 2.777(st)-2.777 G .276
+(he name of an)-2.777 F 2.776(yc)-.15 G(urrently-e)-2.776 E -.15(xe)-.15
+G .276(cuting shell function.).15 F .276(The bottom-most)5.276 F .384
(element \(the one with the highest inde)144 624 R .384(x\) is)-.15 F/F4
-10/Courier@0 SF("main")2.884 E F0 5.384(.T)C .384(his v)-5.384 F .384
-(ariable e)-.25 F .384(xists only when a shell func-)-.15 F .075
-(tion is e)144 636 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.575(cuting. Assignments).15 F(to)
-2.575 E F3(FUNCN)2.575 E(AME)-.18 E F0(ha)2.325 E .376 -.15(ve n)-.2 H
-2.576(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.576 G 2.576(ect. If).25 F F3(FUNCN)2.576 E
-(AME)-.18 E F0 .076(is unset, it loses its)2.326 F
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+(ariable e)-.25 F .385(xists only when a shell func-)-.15 F .076
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(special properties, e)144 648 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5
-G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E .111(This v)144
+G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E .11(This v)144
666 R .111(ariable can be used with)-.25 F F1 -.3(BA)2.611 G(SH_LINENO)
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1.404(has corresponding elements in)3.904 F F1 -.3(BA)3.904 G(SH_LINENO)
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(to describe the)3.904 F .012(call stack.)144 690 R -.15(Fo)5.012 G
2.512(ri).15 G(nstance,)-2.512 E F1(${FUNCN)2.512 E(AME[)-.2 E F2($i)A
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(GR)108 84 Q(OUPS)-.3 E F0 1.229(An array v)144 96 R 1.228(ariable co\
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H 3.072(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-3.072 G 3.072(ect. If).25 F F2(GR)3.072 E
(OUPS)-.27 E F0 .572(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.822
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.072(ni).15 G 3.072(fi)-3.072 G 3.072(ti)-3.072 G(s)
--3.072 E(subsequently reset.)144 120 Q F1(HISTCMD)108 132 Q F0 2.811
-(The history number)144 144 R 5.311(,o)-.4 G 5.311(ri)-5.311 G(nde)
--5.311 E 5.311(xi)-.15 G 5.311(nt)-5.311 G 2.811
-(he history list, of the current command.)-5.311 F 2.81(Assignments to)
-7.81 F F2(HISTCMD)144 156 Q F0 1.134(are ignored.)3.384 F(If)6.134 E F2
-(HISTCMD)3.634 E F0 1.135(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)
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-G 3.635(ss)-3.635 G(ubse-)-3.635 E(quently reset.)144 168 Q F1(HOSTN)108
+F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.072(ni).15 G 3.071(fi)-3.072 G 3.071(ti)-3.071 G(s)
+-3.071 E(subsequently reset.)144 120 Q F1(HISTCMD)108 132 Q F0 2.81
+(The history number)144 144 R 5.31(,o)-.4 G 5.31(ri)-5.31 G(nde)-5.31 E
+5.311(xi)-.15 G 5.311(nt)-5.311 G 2.811
+(he history list, of the current command.)-5.311 F 2.811(Assignments to)
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+(HISTCMD)3.635 E F0 1.135(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)
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+G 3.634(ss)-3.634 G(ubse-)-3.634 E(quently reset.)144 168 Q F1(HOSTN)108
180 Q(AME)-.2 E F0(Automatically set to the name of the current host.)
-144 192 Q F1(HOSTTYPE)108 204 Q F0 .223(Automatically set to a string t\
+144 192 Q F1(HOSTTYPE)108 204 Q F0 .222(Automatically set to a string t\
hat uniquely describes the type of machine on which)144 216 R F1(bash)
-2.722 E F0 .222(is e)2.722 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E 2.5(ing. The)144
+2.723 E F0 .223(is e)2.723 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E 2.5(ing. The)144
228 R(def)2.5 E(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(LINENO)108 240 Q F0
1.408(Each time this parameter is referenced, the shell substitutes a d\
ecimal number representing the)144 252 R .078(current sequential line n\
-umber \(starting with 1\) within a script or function.)144 264 R .078
-(When not in a script or)5.078 F .306(function, the v)144 276 R .306
-(alue substituted is not guaranteed to be meaningful.)-.25 F(If)5.307 E
-F2(LINENO)2.807 E F0 .307(is unset, it loses its)2.557 F
+umber \(starting with 1\) within a script or function.)144 264 R .079
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+(alue substituted is not guaranteed to be meaningful.)-.25 F(If)5.306 E
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(special properties, e)144 288 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5
G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(MA)108 300 Q
(CHTYPE)-.55 E F0 .898(Automatically set to a string that fully describ\
-es the system type on which)144 312 R F1(bash)3.398 E F0 .898(is e)3.398
-F -.15(xe)-.15 G .898(cuting, in).15 F(the standard GNU)144 324 Q/F3 10
+es the system type on which)144 312 R F1(bash)3.398 E F0 .899(is e)3.398
+F -.15(xe)-.15 G .899(cuting, in).15 F(the standard GNU)144 324 Q/F3 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(cpu-company-system)2.5 E F0 2.5(format. The)2.5 F
-(def)2.5 E(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(MAPFILE)108 336 Q F0 .293
-(An array v)144 348 R .293(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.793 E F0
-(belo)2.793 E .293(w\) created to hold the te)-.25 F .294
-(xt read by the)-.15 F F1(map\214le)2.794 E F0 -.2(bu)2.794 G .294
+(def)2.5 E(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(MAPFILE)108 336 Q F0 .294
+(An array v)144 348 R .294(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.794 E F0
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+(xt read by the)-.15 F F1(map\214le)2.793 E F0 -.2(bu)2.793 G .293
(iltin when no).2 F -.25(va)144 360 S(riable name is supplied.).25 E F1
(OLDPWD)108 372 Q F0(The pre)144 384 Q(vious w)-.25 E
(orking directory as set by the)-.1 E F1(cd)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F1
-(OPT)108 396 Q(ARG)-.9 E F0 1.627(The v)144 408 R 1.627
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(alue of the last option ar)-.25 F 1.627(gument processed by the)-.18 F
-F1(getopts)4.127 E F0 -.2(bu)4.127 G 1.626(iltin command \(see).2 F F2
-(SHELL)4.126 E -.09(BU)144 420 S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)
-2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(OPTIND)108 432 Q F0 1.651(The inde)144 444 R 4.151
-(xo)-.15 G 4.151(ft)-4.151 G 1.651(he ne)-4.151 F 1.651(xt ar)-.15 F
-1.652(gument to be processed by the)-.18 F F1(getopts)4.152 E F0 -.2(bu)
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+(SHELL)4.127 E -.09(BU)144 420 S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)
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+(xo)-.15 G 4.152(ft)-4.152 G 1.652(he ne)-4.152 F 1.652(xt ar)-.15 F
+1.652(gument to be processed by the)-.18 F F1(getopts)4.151 E F0 -.2(bu)
+4.151 G 1.651(iltin command \(see).2 F F2(SHELL)4.151 E -.09(BU)144 456
S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(OSTYPE)108
468 Q F0 .329(Automatically set to a string that describes the operatin\
-g system on which)144 480 R F1(bash)2.829 E F0 .329(is e)2.829 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G 2.829(cuting. The).15 F(def)144 492 Q
-(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(PIPEST)108 504 Q -.95(AT)-.9 G(US)
-.95 E F0 .61(An array v)144 516 R .61(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)
-3.11 E F0(belo)3.11 E .61(w\) containing a list of e)-.25 F .61
-(xit status v)-.15 F .61(alues from the processes in)-.25 F
-(the most-recently-e)144 528 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted fore).15 E
+g system on which)144 480 R F1(bash)2.83 E F0 .33(is e)2.83 F -.15(xe)
+-.15 G 2.83(cuting. The).15 F(def)144 492 Q(ault is system-dependent.)
+-.1 E F1(PIPEST)108 504 Q -.95(AT)-.9 G(US).95 E F0 .61(An array v)144
+516 R .61(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)3.11 E F0(belo)3.11 E .61
+(w\) containing a list of e)-.25 F .61(xit status v)-.15 F .61
+(alues from the processes in)-.25 F(the most-recently-e)144 528 Q -.15
+(xe)-.15 G(cuted fore).15 E
(ground pipeline \(which may contain only a single command\).)-.15 E F1
(PPID)108 540 Q F0(The process ID of the shell')144 540 Q 2.5(sp)-.55 G
2.5(arent. This)-2.5 F -.25(va)2.5 G(riable is readonly).25 E(.)-.65 E
(orking directory as set by the)-.1 E F1(cd)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F1
(RANDOM)108 564 Q F0 .417(Each time this parameter is referenced, it e)
144 576 R .417(xpands to a random inte)-.15 F .417
-(ger between 0 and 32767.)-.15 F(As-)5.416 E .55(signing a v)144 588 R
-.55(alue to)-.25 F F2(RANDOM)3.05 E F0 .551
-(initializes \(seeds\) the sequence of random numbers.)2.801 F(If)5.551
-E F2(RANDOM)3.051 E F0(is)2.801 E
-(unset, it loses its special properties, e)144 600 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
-(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)
--2.5 E F1(READLINE_ARGUMENT)108 612 Q F0(An)144 624 Q 4.456(yn)-.15 G
-1.956(umeric ar)-4.456 F 1.956(gument gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.456(nt)
-.15 G 4.456(oaR)-4.456 G 1.956(eadline command that w)-4.456 F 1.956
-(as de\214ned using)-.1 F/F4 10/Courier@0 SF 1.955(bind -x)4.455 F F0
-(\(see)4.455 E F2(SHELL B)144 636 Q(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0
-(belo)2.25 E(w\) when it w)-.25 E(as in)-.1 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
-(d.).1 E F1(READLINE_LINE)108 648 Q F0 1.546(The contents of the)144 660
-R F1 -.18(re)4.047 G(adline).18 E F0 1.547(line b)4.047 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)
--.25 E 4.047(,f)-.4 G 1.547(or use with)-4.047 F F4 1.547(bind -x)4.047
-F F0(\(see)4.047 E F2 1.547(SHELL B)4.047 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.547(TIN COM-)
--.828 F(MANDS)144 672 Q F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(READLINE_MARK)108
-684 Q F0 .107(The position of the mark \(sa)144 696 R -.15(ve)-.2 G
-2.607(di).15 G .107(nsertion point\) in the)-2.607 F F1 -.18(re)2.606 G
-(adline).18 E F0 .106(line b)2.606 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 2.606(,f)-.4 G
-.106(or use with)-2.606 F F4 .106(bind -x)2.606 F F0(\(see)144 708 Q F2
-1.016(SHELL B)3.516 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.016(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)
-3.266 E 3.516(w\). The)-.25 F 1.017
-(characters between the insertion point and the)3.516 F
-(mark are often called the)144 720 Q F3 -.37(re)2.5 G(gion)-.03 E F0(.)A
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(14)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
+(ger between 0 and 32767.)-.15 F(As-)5.417 E .551(signing a v)144 588 R
+.551(alue to)-.25 F F2(RANDOM)3.051 E F0 .551
+(initializes \(seeds\) the sequence of random numbers.)2.801 F(If)5.55 E
+F2(RANDOM)3.05 E F0(is)2.8 E(unset, it loses its special properties, e)
+144 600 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5
+(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(READLINE_ARGUMENT)108 612 Q F0
+(An)144 624 Q 4.455(yn)-.15 G 1.955(umeric ar)-4.455 F 1.955(gument gi)
+-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.455(nt).15 G 4.456(oaR)-4.455 G 1.956
+(eadline command that w)-4.456 F 1.956(as de\214ned using)-.1 F/F4 10
+/Courier@0 SF 1.956(bind -x)4.456 F F0(\(see)4.456 E F2(SHELL B)144 636
+Q(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\) when it w)-.25 E
+(as in)-.1 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1(READLINE_LINE)108 648 Q
+F0 1.547(The contents of the)144 660 R F1 -.18(re)4.047 G(adline).18 E
+F0 1.547(line b)4.047 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 4.047(,f)-.4 G 1.547
+(or use with)-4.047 F F4 1.547(bind -x)4.047 F F0(\(see)4.047 E F2 1.546
+(SHELL B)4.047 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.546(TIN COM-)-.828 F(MANDS)144 672 Q F0
+(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(READLINE_MARK)108 684 Q F0 .106
+(The position of the mark \(sa)144 696 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.606(di).15 G
+.106(nsertion point\) in the)-2.606 F F1 -.18(re)2.607 G(adline).18 E F0
+.107(line b)2.607 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 2.607(,f)-.4 G .107(or use with)
+-2.607 F F4 .107(bind -x)2.607 F F0(\(see)144 708 Q F2 1.017(SHELL B)
+3.517 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.017(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.267 E 3.516
+(w\). The)-.25 F 1.016(characters between the insertion point and the)
+3.516 F(mark are often called the)144 720 Q F3 -.37(re)2.5 G(gion)-.03 E
+F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(14)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 15 15
%%BeginPageSetup
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(READLINE_POINT)108 84 Q F0 .314
+SF(READLINE_POINT)108 84 Q F0 .313
(The position of the insertion point in the)144 96 R F1 -.18(re)2.813 G
(adline).18 E F0 .313(line b)2.813 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 2.813(,f)-.4 G
-.313(or use with)-2.813 F/F2 10/Courier@0 SF .313(bind -x)2.813 F F0
-(\(see)2.813 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL)2.813 E -.09(BU)144 108 S(IL)
+.313(or use with)-2.813 F/F2 10/Courier@0 SF .314(bind -x)2.814 F F0
+(\(see)2.814 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL)2.814 E -.09(BU)144 108 S(IL)
.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(REPL)108 120 Q
(Y)-.92 E F0(Set to the line of input read by the)144 132 Q F1 -.18(re)
2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command when no ar).2 E
-(guments are supplied.)-.18 E F1(SECONDS)108 144 Q F0 .177
-(Each time this parameter is referenced, it e)144 156 R .178
+(guments are supplied.)-.18 E F1(SECONDS)108 144 Q F0 .178
+(Each time this parameter is referenced, it e)144 156 R .177
(xpands to the number of seconds since shell in)-.15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G
-(cation.).2 E .713(If a v)144 168 R .712(alue is assigned to)-.25 F F3
+(cation.).2 E .712(If a v)144 168 R .712(alue is assigned to)-.25 F F3
(SECONDS)3.212 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .712(the v)2.962 F .712
-(alue returned upon subsequent references is the number)-.25 F .627
+(alue returned upon subsequent references is the number)-.25 F .628
(of seconds since the assignment plus the v)144 180 R .627
-(alue assigned.)-.25 F .628(The number of seconds at shell in)5.627 F
--.2(vo)-.4 G(ca-).2 E .112(tion and the current time are al)144 192 R
+(alue assigned.)-.25 F .627(The number of seconds at shell in)5.627 F
+-.2(vo)-.4 G(ca-).2 E .111(tion and the current time are al)144 192 R
-.1(wa)-.1 G .111(ys determined by querying the system clock.).1 F(If)
-5.111 E F3(SECONDS)2.611 E F0 .111(is un-)2.361 F
+5.112 E F3(SECONDS)2.612 E F0 .112(is un-)2.362 F
(set, it loses its special properties, e)144 204 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)
--2.5 E F1(SHELLOPTS)108 216 Q F0 3.262(Ac)144 228 S .763
-(olon-separated list of enabled shell options.)-3.262 F .763(Each w)
+-2.5 E F1(SHELLOPTS)108 216 Q F0 3.263(Ac)144 228 S .763
+(olon-separated list of enabled shell options.)-3.263 F .763(Each w)
5.763 F .763(ord in the list is a v)-.1 F .763(alid ar)-.25 F .763
-(gument for the)-.18 F F1<ad6f>144 240 Q F0 1.174(option to the)3.674 F
-F1(set)3.674 E F0 -.2(bu)3.674 G 1.174(iltin command \(see).2 F F3 1.173
-(SHELL B)3.673 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.173(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.423 E
-3.673(w\). The)-.25 F(options)3.673 E .019(appearing in)144 252 R F3
-(SHELLOPTS)2.519 E F0 .019(are those reported as)2.269 F/F5 10
+(gument for the)-.18 F F1<ad6f>144 240 Q F0 1.173(option to the)3.673 F
+F1(set)3.673 E F0 -.2(bu)3.673 G 1.173(iltin command \(see).2 F F3 1.174
+(SHELL B)3.674 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.174(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.424 E
+3.674(w\). The)-.25 F(options)3.674 E .02(appearing in)144 252 R F3
+(SHELLOPTS)2.52 E F0 .019(are those reported as)2.27 F/F5 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(on)2.749 E F0(by)2.759 E F1 .019(set \255o)2.519 F F0
-5.019(.I)C 2.519(ft)-5.019 G .019(his v)-2.519 F .02
+5.019(.I)C 2.519(ft)-5.019 G .019(his v)-2.519 F .019
(ariable is in the en)-.25 F(vironment)-.4 E(when)144 264 Q F1(bash)
-3.142 E F0 .642(starts up, each shell option in the list will be enable\
-d before reading an)3.142 F 3.141(ys)-.15 G .641(tartup \214les.)-3.141
+3.141 E F0 .642(starts up, each shell option in the list will be enable\
+d before reading an)3.141 F 3.142(ys)-.15 G .642(tartup \214les.)-3.142
F(This v)144 276 Q(ariable is read-only)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F1(SHL)108 288 Q
(VL)-.92 E F0(Incremented by one each time an instance of)144 300 Q F1
-(bash)2.5 E F0(is started.)2.5 E F1(SRANDOM)108 312 Q F0 .76(This v)144
-324 R .76(ariable e)-.25 F .761(xpands to a 32-bit pseudo-random number\
- each time it is referenced. The random)-.15 F .565
+(bash)2.5 E F0(is started.)2.5 E F1(SRANDOM)108 312 Q F0 .761(This v)144
+324 R .761(ariable e)-.25 F .761(xpands to a 32-bit pseudo-random numbe\
+r each time it is referenced. The random)-.15 F .564
(number generator is not linear on systems that support)144 336 R F2
-(/dev/urandom)3.064 E F0(or)3.064 E F5(ar)3.064 E(c4r)-.37 E(andom)-.15
-E F0 3.064(,s)C 3.064(oe)-3.064 G(ach)-3.064 E .788
+(/dev/urandom)3.065 E F0(or)3.065 E F5(ar)3.065 E(c4r)-.37 E(andom)-.15
+E F0 3.065(,s)C 3.065(oe)-3.065 G(ach)-3.065 E .788
(returned number has no relationship to the numbers preceding it.)144
-348 R .788(The random number generator)5.788 F .088
+348 R .787(The random number generator)5.787 F .087
(cannot be seeded, so assignments to this v)144 360 R .087(ariable ha)
--.25 F .387 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.587(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.587 G 2.587
-(ect. If).25 F F3(SRANDOM)2.587 E F0 .087(is unset, it loses its)2.337 F
+-.25 F .387 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.587(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.587 G 2.588
+(ect. If).25 F F3(SRANDOM)2.588 E F0 .088(is unset, it loses its)2.338 F
(special properties, e)144 372 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5
G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(UID)108 384 Q
F0(Expands to the user ID of the current user)144 384 Q 2.5(,i)-.4 G
(nitialized at shell startup.)-2.5 E(This v)5 E(ariable is readonly)-.25
-E(.)-.65 E .993(The follo)108 400.8 R .993(wing v)-.25 F .994
+E(.)-.65 E .994(The follo)108 400.8 R .994(wing v)-.25 F .994
(ariables are used by the shell.)-.25 F .994(In some cases,)5.994 F F1
-(bash)3.494 E F0 .994(assigns a def)3.494 F .994(ault v)-.1 F .994
+(bash)3.494 E F0 .994(assigns a def)3.494 F .994(ault v)-.1 F .993
(alue to a v)-.25 F(ariable;)-.25 E(these cases are noted belo)108 412.8
Q -.65(w.)-.25 G F1 -.3(BA)108 429.6 S(SH_COMP).3 E -.95(AT)-.74 G F0
-.503(The v)144 441.6 R .502(alue is used to set the shell')-.25 F 3.002
+.502(The v)144 441.6 R .502(alue is used to set the shell')-.25 F 3.002
(sc)-.55 G .502(ompatibility le)-3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.002(l. See).15
-F F3 .502(SHELL COMP)3.002 F -.855(AT)-.666 G .502(IBILITY MODE).855 F
-F0(be-)2.752 E(lo)144 453.6 Q 2.662(wf)-.25 G .162
-(or a description of the v)-2.662 F .162(arious compatibility le)-.25 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G .162(ls and their ef).15 F 2.663(fects. The)-.25 F -.25
-(va)2.663 G .163(lue may be a dec-).25 F .33
+F F3 .503(SHELL COMP)3.002 F -.855(AT)-.666 G .503(IBILITY MODE).855 F
+F0(be-)2.753 E(lo)144 453.6 Q 2.663(wf)-.25 G .163
+(or a description of the v)-2.663 F .162(arious compatibility le)-.25 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G .162(ls and their ef).15 F 2.662(fects. The)-.25 F -.25
+(va)2.662 G .162(lue may be a dec-).25 F .33
(imal number \(e.g., 4.2\) or an inte)144 465.6 R .33
(ger \(e.g., 42\) corresponding to the desired compatibility le)-.15 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.83(l. If).15 F F1 -.3(BA)144 477.6 S(SH_COMP).3 E -.95
-(AT)-.74 G F0 .86
-(is unset or set to the empty string, the compatibility le)4.31 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 3.361(li).15 G 3.361(ss)-3.361 G .861(et to the def)-3.361 F
-(ault)-.1 E .39(for the current v)144 489.6 R 2.89(ersion. If)-.15 F F1
--.3(BA)2.89 G(SH_COMP).3 E -.95(AT)-.74 G F0 .39(is set to a v)3.84 F
-.39(alue that is not one of the v)-.25 F .39(alid compati-)-.25 F .277
+(AT)-.74 G F0 .861
+(is unset or set to the empty string, the compatibility le)4.311 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 3.36(li).15 G 3.36(ss)-3.36 G .86(et to the def)-3.36 F(ault)
+-.1 E .39(for the current v)144 489.6 R 2.89(ersion. If)-.15 F F1 -.3
+(BA)2.89 G(SH_COMP).3 E -.95(AT)-.74 G F0 .39(is set to a v)3.84 F .39
+(alue that is not one of the v)-.25 F .39(alid compati-)-.25 F .278
(bility le)144 501.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .278
(ls, the shell prints an error message and sets the compatibility le).15
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.778(lt).15 G 2.778(ot)-2.778 G .278(he def)-2.778 F
-.278(ault for the)-.1 F 1.401(current v)144 513.6 R 3.901(ersion. The)
--.15 F -.25(va)3.901 G 1.401(lid v).25 F 1.401
+F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.777(lt).15 G 2.777(ot)-2.777 G .277(he def)-2.777 F
+.277(ault for the)-.1 F 1.4(current v)144 513.6 R 3.9(ersion. The)-.15 F
+-.25(va)3.901 G 1.401(lid v).25 F 1.401
(alues correspond to the compatibility le)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.401
-(ls described belo).15 F 3.9(wu)-.25 G(nder)-3.9 E F3 .153(SHELL COMP)
-144 525.6 R -.855(AT)-.666 G .153(IBILITY MODE).855 F F4(.)A F0 -.15(Fo)
-4.653 G 2.653(re).15 G .154(xample, 4.2 and 42 are v)-2.803 F .154
-(alid v)-.25 F .154(alues that correspond to the)-.25 F F1 .774
+(ls described belo).15 F 3.901(wu)-.25 G(nder)-3.901 E F3 .154
+(SHELL COMP)144 525.6 R -.855(AT)-.666 G .154(IBILITY MODE).855 F F4(.)A
+F0 -.15(Fo)4.654 G 2.654(re).15 G .154(xample, 4.2 and 42 are v)-2.804 F
+.153(alid v)-.25 F .153(alues that correspond to the)-.25 F F1 .773
(compat42 shopt)144 537.6 R F0 .774(option and set the compatibility le)
-3.274 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.274(lt).15 G 3.274(o4)-3.274 G 3.274(2. The)
--3.274 F .774(current v)3.274 F .773(ersion is also a v)-.15 F(alid)-.25
+3.273 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.274(lt).15 G 3.274(o4)-3.274 G 3.274(2. The)
+-3.274 F .774(current v)3.274 F .774(ersion is also a v)-.15 F(alid)-.25
E -.25(va)144 549.6 S(lue.).25 E F1 -.3(BA)108 561.6 S(SH_ENV).3 E F0
-.505(If this parameter is set when)144 573.6 R F1(bash)3.005 E F0 .505
-(is e)3.005 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .506(cuting a shell script, its v).15 F
-.506(alue is interpreted as a \214lename)-.25 F .391
+.506(If this parameter is set when)144 573.6 R F1(bash)3.006 E F0 .506
+(is e)3.006 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .505(cuting a shell script, its v).15 F
+.505(alue is interpreted as a \214lename)-.25 F .39
(containing commands to initialize the shell, as in)144 585.6 R F5
-(~/.bashr)2.39 E(c)-.37 E F0 5.39(.T).31 G .39(he v)-5.39 F .39(alue of)
--.25 F F3 -.27(BA)2.89 G(SH_ENV).27 E F0 .39(is subjected)2.64 F .525
-(to parameter e)144 597.6 R .525
+(~/.bashr)2.39 E(c)-.37 E F0 5.39(.T).31 G .39(he v)-5.39 F .391
+(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.27(BA)2.891 G(SH_ENV).27 E F0 .391(is subjected)
+2.641 F .525(to parameter e)144 597.6 R .525
(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F .525
(xpansion before being interpreted)-.15 F(as a \214lename.)144 609.6 Q
F3 -.666(PA)5 G(TH)-.189 E F0
(is not used to search for the resultant \214lename.)2.25 E F1 -.3(BA)
-108 621.6 S(SH_XTRA).3 E(CEFD)-.55 E F0 .481(If set to an inte)144 633.6
-R .481(ger corresponding to a v)-.15 F .481(alid \214le descriptor)-.25
-F(,)-.4 E F1(bash)2.98 E F0 .48(will write the trace output gener)2.98 F
-(-)-.2 E 3.114(ated when)144 645.6 R F2 3.114(set -x)5.614 F F0 3.114
+108 621.6 S(SH_XTRA).3 E(CEFD)-.55 E F0 .48(If set to an inte)144 633.6
+R .48(ger corresponding to a v)-.15 F .481(alid \214le descriptor)-.25 F
+(,)-.4 E F1(bash)2.981 E F0 .481(will write the trace output gener)2.981
+F(-)-.2 E 3.114(ated when)144 645.6 R F2 3.114(set -x)5.614 F F0 3.114
(is enabled to that \214le descriptor)5.614 F 8.114(.T)-.55 G 3.114
(he \214le descriptor is closed when)-8.114 F F3 -.27(BA)144 657.6 S
(SH_XTRA).27 E(CEFD)-.495 E F0 .138(is unset or assigned a ne)2.388 F
2.638(wv)-.25 G 2.638(alue. Unsetting)-2.888 F F3 -.27(BA)2.638 G
(SH_XTRA).27 E(CEFD)-.495 E F0 .138(or assigning it)2.388 F 2.531(the e\
mpty string causes the trace output to be sent to the standard error)144
-669.6 R 7.531(.N)-.55 G 2.531(ote that setting)-7.531 F F3 -.27(BA)144
+669.6 R 7.53(.N)-.55 G 2.53(ote that setting)-7.53 F F3 -.27(BA)144
681.6 S(SH_XTRA).27 E(CEFD)-.495 E F0 .74(to 2 \(the standard error \
-\214le descriptor\) and then unsetting it will result in the)2.991 F
+\214le descriptor\) and then unsetting it will result in the)2.99 F
(standard error being closed.)144 693.6 Q F1(CDP)108 705.6 Q -.95(AT)
--.74 G(H).95 E F0 1.247(The search path for the)144 717.6 R F1(cd)3.747
-E F0 3.747(command. This)3.747 F 1.248
-(is a colon-separated list of directories in which the)3.747 F 3.796
+-.74 G(H).95 E F0 1.248(The search path for the)144 717.6 R F1(cd)3.748
+E F0 3.748(command. This)3.748 F 1.247
+(is a colon-separated list of directories in which the)3.748 F 3.795
(shell looks for destination directories speci\214ed by the)144 729.6 R
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-(to obtain the list of possible host-)4.683 F(name completions.)144 504
+.138(is set, b)2.388 F .138(ut has no v)-.2 F .138(alue, or)-.25 F .517
+(does not name a readable \214le,)144 492 R F1(bash)3.017 E F0 .517
+(attempts to read)3.017 F F4(/etc/hosts)4.684 E F0 .518
+(to obtain the list of possible host-)4.684 F(name completions.)144 504
Q(When)5 E F2(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(is unset, the hostname list is cleared.)
-2.25 E F1(IFS)108 516 Q F0(The)144 516 Q F4 .555(Internal F)3.635 F .555
-(ield Separ)-.45 F(ator)-.15 E F0 .555(that is used for w)3.785 F .556
-(ord splitting after e)-.1 F .556(xpansion and to split lines into)-.15
+2.25 E F1(IFS)108 516 Q F0(The)144 516 Q F4 .556(Internal F)3.636 F .556
+(ield Separ)-.45 F(ator)-.15 E F0 .556(that is used for w)3.786 F .556
+(ord splitting after e)-.1 F .555(xpansion and to split lines into)-.15
F -.1(wo)144 528 S(rds with the).1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2
(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E(The def)5 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue is `)-.25 E
(`<space><tab><ne)-.74 E(wline>')-.25 E('.)-.74 E F1(IGNOREEOF)108 540 Q
F0 .503(Controls the action of an interacti)144 552 R .803 -.15(ve s)
-.25 H .503(hell on receipt of an).15 F F2(EOF)3.003 E F0 .503
-(character as the sole input.)2.753 F .503(If set,)5.503 F .426(the v)
+(character as the sole input.)2.753 F .504(If set,)5.504 F .426(the v)
144 564 R .426(alue is the number of consecuti)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F2
(EOF)3.076 E F0 .426
-(characters which must be typed as the \214rst characters)2.676 F .303
+(characters which must be typed as the \214rst characters)2.676 F .302
(on an input line before)144 576 R F1(bash)2.802 E F0 -.15(ex)2.802 G
2.802(its. If).15 F .302(the v)2.802 F .302(ariable e)-.25 F .302
(xists b)-.15 F .302(ut does not ha)-.2 F .602 -.15(ve a n)-.2 H .302
-(umeric v).15 F .302(alue, or has)-.25 F(no v)144 588 Q(alue, the def)
+(umeric v).15 F .303(alue, or has)-.25 F(no v)144 588 Q(alue, the def)
-.25 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue is 10.)-.25 E(If it does not e)5 E(xist,)-.15 E
F2(EOF)2.5 E F0(signi\214es the end of input to the shell.)2.25 E F1
-(INPUTRC)108 600 Q F0 .26(The \214lename for the)144 612 R F1 -.18(re)
-2.76 G(adline).18 E F0 .26(startup \214le, o)2.76 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26
-(rriding the def).15 F .261(ault of)-.1 F F4(~/.inputr)4.427 E(c)-.37 E
-F0(\(see)4.427 E F2(READLINE)2.761 E F0(be-)2.511 E(lo)144 624 Q(w\).)
--.25 E F1(INSIDE_EMA)108 636 Q(CS)-.55 E F0 .034(If this v)144 648 R
-.034(ariable appears in the en)-.25 F .034
-(vironment when the shell starts,)-.4 F F1(bash)2.533 E F0 .033
-(assumes that it is running in-)2.533 F(side an Emacs shell b)144 660 Q
+(INPUTRC)108 600 Q F0 .261(The \214lename for the)144 612 R F1 -.18(re)
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+E F0(\(see)4.426 E F2(READLINE)2.76 E F0(be-)2.51 E(lo)144 624 Q(w\).)
+-.25 E F1(INSIDE_EMA)108 636 Q(CS)-.55 E F0 .033(If this v)144 648 R
+.033(ariable appears in the en)-.25 F .033
+(vironment when the shell starts,)-.4 F F1(bash)2.534 E F0 .034
+(assumes that it is running in-)2.534 F(side an Emacs shell b)144 660 Q
(uf)-.2 E(fer and may disable line editing, depending on the v)-.25 E
-(alue of)-.25 E F1(TERM)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(LANG)108 672 Q F0 1.239
+(alue of)-.25 E F1(TERM)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(LANG)108 672 Q F0 1.24
(Used to determine the locale cate)144 672 R 1.239(gory for an)-.15 F
-3.739(yc)-.15 G(ate)-3.739 E 1.24
+3.739(yc)-.15 G(ate)-3.739 E 1.239
(gory not speci\214cally selected with a v)-.15 F(ariable)-.25 E
-(starting with)144 684 Q F1(LC_)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(LC_ALL)108 696 Q F0 .974
-(This v)144 708 R .974(ariable o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .974
+(starting with)144 684 Q F1(LC_)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(LC_ALL)108 696 Q F0 .973
+(This v)144 708 R .973(ariable o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .973
(rrides the v).15 F .973(alue of)-.25 F F2(LANG)3.473 E F0 .973(and an)
3.223 F 3.473(yo)-.15 G(ther)-3.473 E F1(LC_)3.473 E F0 -.25(va)3.473 G
-.973(riable specifying a locale cate-).25 F(gory)144 720 Q(.)-.65 E
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(17)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
+.974(riable specifying a locale cate-).25 F(gory)144 720 Q(.)-.65 E
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(17)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(LC_COLLA)108 84 Q(TE)-.95 E F0 .411(This v)144 96 R .412(ariable det\
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ermines the collation order used when sorting the results of pathname e)
--.25 F(xpansion,)-.15 E 1.465(and determines the beha)144 108 R 1.465
-(vior of range e)-.2 F 1.464(xpressions, equi)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G
-1.464(lence classes, and collating sequences).25 F(within pathname e)144
+-.25 F(xpansion,)-.15 E 1.464(and determines the beha)144 108 R 1.464
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+1.465(lence classes, and collating sequences).25 F(within pathname e)144
120 Q(xpansion and pattern matching.)-.15 E F1(LC_CTYPE)108 132 Q F0
-1.935(This v)144 144 R 1.936
+1.936(This v)144 144 R 1.936
(ariable determines the interpretation of characters and the beha)-.25 F
-1.936(vior of character classes)-.2 F(within pathname e)144 156 Q
+1.935(vior of character classes)-.2 F(within pathname e)144 156 Q
(xpansion and pattern matching.)-.15 E F1(LC_MESSA)108 168 Q(GES)-.55 E
F0(This v)144 180 Q(ariable determines the locale used to translate dou\
ble-quoted strings preceded by a)-.25 E F1($)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(LC_NUMERIC)
(gory used for number formatting.)-.15 E F1(LC_TIME)108 216 Q F0(This v)
144 228 Q(ariable determines the locale cate)-.25 E
(gory used for data and time formatting.)-.15 E F1(LINES)108 240 Q F0
-.055(Used by the)144 240 R F1(select)2.555 E F0 .054(compound command t\
-o determine the column length for printing selection lists.)2.555 F .264
-(Automatically set if the)144 252 R F1(checkwinsize)2.764 E F0 .264
-(option is enabled or in an interacti)2.764 F .565 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .265
+.054(Used by the)144 240 R F1(select)2.554 E F0 .054(compound command t\
+o determine the column length for printing selection lists.)2.554 F .265
+(Automatically set if the)144 252 R F1(checkwinsize)2.765 E F0 .264
+(option is enabled or in an interacti)2.765 F .564 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .264
(hell upon receipt of a).15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGWINCH)144 264 Q/F3
-9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(MAIL)108 276 Q F0 .422
+9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(MAIL)108 276 Q F0 .421
(If this parameter is set to a \214le or directory name and the)144 276
-R F2(MAILP)2.921 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 -.25(va)2.671 G .421
-(riable is not set,).25 F F1(bash)2.921 E F0(in-)2.921 E
+R F2(MAILP)2.922 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 -.25(va)2.672 G .422
+(riable is not set,).25 F F1(bash)2.922 E F0(in-)2.922 E
(forms the user of the arri)144 288 Q -.25(va)-.25 G 2.5(lo).25 G 2.5
(fm)-2.5 G(ail in the speci\214ed \214le or Maildir)-2.5 E
-(-format directory)-.2 E(.)-.65 E F1(MAILCHECK)108 300 Q F0 .098
-(Speci\214es ho)144 312 R 2.598(wo)-.25 G .098(ften \(in seconds\))
--2.598 F F1(bash)2.598 E F0 .098(checks for mail.)2.598 F .098(The def)
-5.098 F .098(ault is 60 seconds.)-.1 F .099(When it is time)5.099 F .224
+(-format directory)-.2 E(.)-.65 E F1(MAILCHECK)108 300 Q F0 .099
+(Speci\214es ho)144 312 R 2.599(wo)-.25 G .099(ften \(in seconds\))
+-2.599 F F1(bash)2.598 E F0 .098(checks for mail.)2.598 F .098(The def)
+5.098 F .098(ault is 60 seconds.)-.1 F .098(When it is time)5.098 F .223
(to check for mail, the shell does so before displaying the primary pro\
-mpt.)144 324 R .223(If this v)5.223 F .223(ariable is unset,)-.25 F
+mpt.)144 324 R .224(If this v)5.224 F .224(ariable is unset,)-.25 F
(or set to a v)144 336 Q(alue that is not a number greater than or equa\
l to zero, the shell disables mail checking.)-.25 E F1(MAILP)108 348 Q
-.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 2.99(Ac)144 360 S .49
(alue for this v)-.25 F .015(ariable \(there is no v)-.25 F .015
(alue by def)-.25 F .015(ault\), b)-.1 F(ut)-.2 E(the location of the u\
ser mail \214les that it uses is system dependent \(e.g., /v)144 420 Q
-(ar/mail/)-.25 E F1($USER)A F0(\).)A F1(OPTERR)108 432 Q F0 .39
-(If set to the v)144 444 R .39(alue 1,)-.25 F F1(bash)2.89 E F0 .389
-(displays error messages generated by the)2.889 F F1(getopts)2.889 E F0
--.2(bu)2.889 G .389(iltin command \(see).2 F F2 .359(SHELL B)144 456 R
-(UIL)-.09 E .359(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.609 E(w\).)-.25 E F2
-(OPTERR)5.359 E F0 .36(is initialized to 1 each time the shell is in)
-2.609 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E(or a shell script is e)144 468 Q
--.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1 -.74(PA)108 480 S(TH)-.21 E F0 .588
-(The search path for commands.)144 480 R .587
+(ar/mail/)-.25 E F1($USER)A F0(\).)A F1(OPTERR)108 432 Q F0 .389
+(If set to the v)144 444 R .389(alue 1,)-.25 F F1(bash)2.889 E F0 .389
+(displays error messages generated by the)2.889 F F1(getopts)2.89 E F0
+-.2(bu)2.89 G .39(iltin command \(see).2 F F2 .36(SHELL B)144 456 R(UIL)
+-.09 E .36(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.61 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(OPTERR)
+5.36 E F0 .359(is initialized to 1 each time the shell is in)2.61 F -.2
+(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E(or a shell script is e)144 468 Q -.15(xe)
+-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1 -.74(PA)108 480 S(TH)-.21 E F0 .587
+(The search path for commands.)144 480 R .588
(It is a colon-separated list of directories in which the shell looks)
-5.588 F .471(for commands \(see)144 492 R F2 .471(COMMAND EXECUTION)
-2.971 F F0(belo)2.722 E 2.972(w\). A)-.25 F .472
+5.587 F .472(for commands \(see)144 492 R F2 .472(COMMAND EXECUTION)
+2.972 F F0(belo)2.722 E 2.972(w\). A)-.25 F .471
(zero-length \(null\) directory name in the)2.972 F -.25(va)144 504 S
-.536(lue of).25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.036 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .535
-(indicates the current directory)2.786 F 5.535(.A)-.65 G .535
-(null directory name may appear as tw)-2.5 F 3.035(oa)-.1 G(djacent)
--3.035 E .867(colons, or as an initial or trailing colon.)144 516 R .868
-(The def)5.868 F .868(ault path is system-dependent, and is set by the)
+.535(lue of).25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.035 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .535
+(indicates the current directory)2.785 F 5.535(.A)-.65 G .535
+(null directory name may appear as tw)-2.5 F 3.036(oa)-.1 G(djacent)
+-3.036 E .868(colons, or as an initial or trailing colon.)144 516 R .868
+(The def)5.868 F .867(ault path is system-dependent, and is set by the)
-.1 F(administrator who installs)144 528 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 5(.A)C
(common v)-2.5 E(alue is)-.25 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF
(/usr/local/bin:/usr/lo-)2.5 E(cal/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin)
-144 540 Q F0(.)A F1(POSIXL)108 552 Q(Y_CORRECT)-.92 E F0 .471(If this v)
-144 564 R .471(ariable is in the en)-.25 F .471(vironment when)-.4 F F1
+144 540 Q F0(.)A F1(POSIXL)108 552 Q(Y_CORRECT)-.92 E F0 .472(If this v)
+144 564 R .472(ariable is in the en)-.25 F .471(vironment when)-.4 F F1
(bash)2.971 E F0 .471(starts, the shell enters)2.971 F/F5 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF .472(posix mode)2.972 F F0 .472(before reading)2.972
+/Times-Italic@0 SF .471(posix mode)2.971 F F0 .471(before reading)2.971
F .011(the startup \214les, as if the)144 576 R F1(\255\255posix)2.511 E
F0(in)2.511 E -.2(vo)-.4 G .011(cation option had been supplied.).2 F
.011(If it is set while the shell is)5.011 F(running,)144 588 Q F1(bash)
-4.497 E F0(enables)4.497 E F5 1.997(posix mode)4.497 F F0 4.497(,a)C
+4.498 E F0(enables)4.498 E F5 1.997(posix mode)4.497 F F0 4.497(,a)C
4.497(si)-4.497 G 4.497(ft)-4.497 G 1.997(he command)-4.497 F F4 1.997
-(set -o posix)4.497 F F0 1.998(had been e)4.497 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.)
+(set -o posix)4.497 F F0 1.997(had been e)4.497 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.)
.15 E(When the shell enters)144 600 Q F5(posix mode)2.5 E F0 2.5(,i)C
2.5(ts)-2.5 G(ets this v)-2.5 E(ariable if it w)-.25 E
(as not already set.)-.1 E F1(PR)108 612 Q(OMPT_COMMAND)-.3 E F0 .155
-.15 F F2(PR)3.674 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(belo)3.424 E 1.174
(w\) and displayed by interacti)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
(shells after reading a command and before the command is e)144 720 Q
--.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E
-(18)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
+-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(PS1)108 84 Q F0 .064(The v)144 84 R .065(alue of this parameter is e)
+SF(PS1)108 84 Q F0 .065(The v)144 84 R .065(alue of this parameter is e)
-.25 F .065(xpanded \(see)-.15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)2.565 E
(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(belo)2.315 E .065(w\) and used as the primary prompt)
-.25 F 2.5(string. The)144 96 R(def)2.5 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue is `)-.25 E
(`)-.74 E F1(\\s\255\\v\\$)A F0 -.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(PS2)108 108 Q
-F0 .118(The v)144 108 R .118(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .118
-(xpanded as with)-.15 F F2(PS1)2.617 E F0 .117
-(and used as the secondary prompt string.)2.367 F(The)5.117 E(def)144
+F0 .117(The v)144 108 R .117(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .117
+(xpanded as with)-.15 F F2(PS1)2.617 E F0 .118
+(and used as the secondary prompt string.)2.368 F(The)5.118 E(def)144
120 Q(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F1(>)A F0 -.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(PS3)
-108 132 Q F0 1.115(The v)144 132 R 1.115
+108 132 Q F0 1.116(The v)144 132 R 1.115
(alue of this parameter is used as the prompt for the)-.25 F F1(select)
-3.615 E F0 1.116(command \(see)3.616 F F2 1.116(SHELL GRAM-)3.616 F(MAR)
-144 144 Q F0(abo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(PS4)108 156 Q F0
-.101(The v)144 156 R .101(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .101
-(xpanded as with)-.15 F F2(PS1)2.6 E F0 .1(and the v)2.35 F .1
-(alue is printed before each command)-.25 F F1(bash)144 168 Q F0 .334
-(displays during an e)2.834 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .335(cution trace.).15 F
+3.615 E F0 1.115(command \(see)3.615 F F2 1.115(SHELL GRAM-)3.615 F(MAR)
+144 144 Q F0(abo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(PS4)108 156 Q F0 .1
+(The v)144 156 R .1(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .1
+(xpanded as with)-.15 F F2(PS1)2.6 E F0 .101(and the v)2.35 F .101
+(alue is printed before each command)-.25 F F1(bash)144 168 Q F0 .335
+(displays during an e)2.835 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .335(cution trace.).15 F
.335(The \214rst character of the e)5.335 F .335(xpanded v)-.15 F .335
-(alue of)-.25 F F2(PS4)2.835 E F0 .335(is repli-)2.585 F
+(alue of)-.25 F F2(PS4)2.834 E F0 .334(is repli-)2.584 F
(cated multiple times, as necessary)144 180 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G 2.5(oi)-2.5
G(ndicate multiple le)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls of indirection.).15 E
(The def)5 E(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F1(+)A F0 -.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1
-(SHELL)108 192 Q F0 .543(This v)144 204 R .543(ariable e)-.25 F .543
-(xpands to the full pathname to the shell.)-.15 F .542
-(If it is not set when the shell starts,)5.543 F F1(bash)3.042 E F0
+(SHELL)108 192 Q F0 .542(This v)144 204 R .542(ariable e)-.25 F .542
+(xpands to the full pathname to the shell.)-.15 F .543
+(If it is not set when the shell starts,)5.543 F F1(bash)3.043 E F0
(assigns to it the full pathname of the current user')144 216 Q 2.5(sl)
--.55 G(ogin shell.)-2.5 E F1(TIMEFORMA)108 228 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .826(The v)
+-.55 G(ogin shell.)-2.5 E F1(TIMEFORMA)108 228 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .827(The v)
144 240 R .826
(alue of this parameter is used as a format string specifying ho)-.25 F
-3.327(wt)-.25 G .827(he timing information for)-3.327 F .649
-(pipelines pre\214x)144 252 R .649(ed with the)-.15 F F1(time)3.149 E F0
-(reserv)3.149 E .649(ed w)-.15 F .648(ord should be displayed.)-.1 F
-(The)5.648 E F1(%)3.148 E F0 .648(character introduces)3.148 F .711
+3.326(wt)-.25 G .826(he timing information for)-3.326 F .648
+(pipelines pre\214x)144 252 R .648(ed with the)-.15 F F1(time)3.148 E F0
+(reserv)3.148 E .648(ed w)-.15 F .649(ord should be displayed.)-.1 F
+(The)5.649 E F1(%)3.149 E F0 .649(character introduces)3.149 F .712
(an escape sequence that is e)144 264 R .711(xpanded to a time v)-.15 F
-.712(alue or other information.)-.25 F .712(The escape sequences)5.712 F
+.711(alue or other information.)-.25 F .711(The escape sequences)5.711 F
(and their meanings are as follo)144 276 Q
(ws; the braces denote optional portions.)-.25 E F1(%%)144 294 Q F0 2.5
(Al)194 294 S(iteral)-2.5 E F1(%)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(%[)144 306 Q/F3 10
(The CPU percentage, computed as \(%U + %S\) / %R.)194 342 Q .87
(The optional)144 358.8 R F3(p)3.37 E F0 .87(is a digit specifying the)
3.37 F F3(pr)3.37 E(ecision)-.37 E F0 3.37(,t)C .87
-(he number of fractional digits after a decimal)-3.37 F 2.525(point. A)
-144 370.8 R -.25(va)2.525 G .025
-(lue of 0 causes no decimal point or fraction to be output.).25 F .026
-(At most three places after the)5.025 F .538
-(decimal point may be speci\214ed; v)144 382.8 R .538(alues of)-.25 F F3
-(p)3.038 E F0 .537(greater than 3 are changed to 3.)3.037 F(If)5.537 E
-F3(p)3.037 E F0 .537(is not speci\214ed,)3.037 F(the v)144 394.8 Q
-(alue 3 is used.)-.25 E .667(The optional)144 411.6 R F1(l)3.167 E F0
+(he number of fractional digits after a decimal)-3.37 F 2.526(point. A)
+144 370.8 R -.25(va)2.526 G .025
+(lue of 0 causes no decimal point or fraction to be output.).25 F .025
+(At most three places after the)5.025 F .537
+(decimal point may be speci\214ed; v)144 382.8 R .537(alues of)-.25 F F3
+(p)3.037 E F0 .537(greater than 3 are changed to 3.)3.037 F(If)5.538 E
+F3(p)3.038 E F0 .538(is not speci\214ed,)3.038 F(the v)144 394.8 Q
+(alue 3 is used.)-.25 E .668(The optional)144 411.6 R F1(l)3.168 E F0
.668(speci\214es a longer format, including minutes, of the form)3.168 F
-F3(MM)3.168 E F0(m)A F3(SS)A F0(.)A F3(FF)A F0 3.168(s. The)B -.25(va)
-3.168 G(lue).25 E(of)144 423.6 Q F3(p)2.5 E F0
-(determines whether or not the fraction is included.)2.5 E 13.365
-(If this v)144 440.4 R 13.365(ariable is not set,)-.25 F F1(bash)15.865
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+(If this v)144 440.4 R 13.364(ariable is not set,)-.25 F F1(bash)15.865
+E F0 13.365(acts as if it had the v)15.865 F(alue)-.25 E F1($\010\\nr)
144 452.4 Q(eal\\t%3lR\\nuser\\t%3lU\\nsys\\t%3lS\010)-.18 E F0 7.113
(.I)C 4.613(ft)-7.113 G 2.113(he v)-4.613 F 2.113
(alue is null, no timing information is dis-)-.25 F 2.5(played. A)144
476.4 Q F0 .941(If set to a v)144 488.4 R .941(alue greater than zero,)
-.25 F F2(TMOUT)3.441 E F0 .941(is treated as the def)3.191 F .941
(ault timeout for the)-.1 F F1 -.18(re)3.441 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.441
-G(iltin.).2 E(The)144 500.4 Q F1(select)2.81 E F0 .31
-(command terminates if input does not arri)2.81 F .611 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
-(fter).15 E F2(TMOUT)2.811 E F0 .311(seconds when input is com-)2.561 F
-.886(ing from a terminal.)144 512.4 R .886(In an interacti)5.886 F 1.185
--.15(ve s)-.25 H .885(hell, the v).15 F .885
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+(command terminates if input does not arri)2.811 F .61 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
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+.885(ing from a terminal.)144 512.4 R .885(In an interacti)5.885 F 1.185
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(alue is interpreted as the number of seconds to)-.25 F -.1(wa)144 524.4
S 1.05(it for a line of input after issuing the primary prompt.).1 F F1
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F(number of seconds if a complete line of input does not arri)144 536.4
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-R F1(bash)2.891 E F0 .391(uses its v)2.891 F .391
-(alue as the name of a directory in which)-.25 F F1(bash)2.89 E F0 .39
-(creates temporary \214les for the)2.89 F(shell')144 572.4 Q 2.5(su)-.55
-G(se.)-2.5 E F1(auto_r)108 584.4 Q(esume)-.18 E F0 .53(This v)144 596.4
-R .53(ariable controls ho)-.25 F 3.03(wt)-.25 G .531
-(he shell interacts with the user and job control.)-3.03 F .531
-(If this v)5.531 F .531(ariable is set,)-.25 F .539(single w)144 608.4 R
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+(creates temporary \214les for the)2.891 F(shell')144 572.4 Q 2.5(su)
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+596.4 R .531(ariable controls ho)-.25 F 3.031(wt)-.25 G .531
+(he shell interacts with the user and job control.)-3.031 F .53
+(If this v)5.53 F .53(ariable is set,)-.25 F .538(single w)144 608.4 R
.538(ord simple commands without redirections are treated as candidates\
- for resumption of an)-.1 F -.15(ex)144 620.4 S .366(isting stopped job)
-.15 F 5.366(.T)-.4 G .366(here is no ambiguity allo)-5.366 F .366
-(wed; if there is more than one job be)-.25 F .367(ginning with)-.15 F
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(xt, is the command line used to start it.)-.15 F 1.133(If set to the v)
-6.133 F(alue)-.25 E F3 -.2(ex)3.633 G(act).2 E F0 3.633(,t).68 G 1.133
-(he string supplied must)-3.633 F .606
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(match the name of a stopped job e)144 656.4 R .606(xactly; if set to)
--.15 F F3(substring)3.445 E F0 3.105(,t).22 G .605
-(he string supplied needs to match a)-3.105 F .884
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+(he string supplied needs to match a)-3.106 F .885
(substring of the name of a stopped job)144 668.4 R 5.884(.T)-.4 G(he)
--5.884 E F3(substring)3.724 E F0 -.25(va)3.604 G .885(lue pro).25 F .885
-(vides functionality analogous to)-.15 F(the)144 680.4 Q F1(%?)3.334 E
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+-5.884 E F3(substring)3.724 E F0 -.25(va)3.604 G .884(lue pro).25 F .884
+(vides functionality analogous to)-.15 F(the)144 680.4 Q F1(%?)3.333 E
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--.15 G .834(ther v)-3.334 F .833(alue, the supplied string)-.25 F .315
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(must be a pre\214x of a stopped job')144 692.4 R 2.816(sn)-.55 G .316
-(ame; this pro)-2.816 F .316(vides functionality analogous to the)-.15 F
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%%Page: 20 20
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(histchars)108 84 Q F0 .546(The tw)144 96 R 3.046(oo)-.1 G 3.046(rt)
--3.046 G .546(hree characters which control history e)-3.046 F .545
-(xpansion and tok)-.15 F .545(enization \(see)-.1 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
-(HIST)3.045 E(OR)-.162 E 2.795(YE)-.315 G(X-)-2.795 E -.666(PA)144 108 S
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-(history e)3.237 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(character)3.238 E 3.238(,t)-.4 G
-.738(he character which sig-)-3.238 F .761
-(nals the start of a history e)144 120 R .761(xpansion, normally `)-.15
-F F1(!)A F0 3.261('. The)B .76(second character is the)3.261 F F3(quic)
-3.26 E 3.26(ks)-.2 G(ubstitution)-3.26 E F0(character)144 132 Q 3.476
-(,w)-.4 G .977(hich is used as shorthand for re-running the pre)-3.476 F
-.977(vious command entered, substituting)-.25 F .131
-(one string for another in the command.)144 144 R .131(The def)5.131 F
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-(optional third character is the char)2.63 F(-)-.2 E .276(acter which i\
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-\214rst character)144 156 R .46(of a w)144 168 R .46(ord, normally `)-.1
-F F1(#)A F0 2.959('. The)B .459
+SF(histchars)108 84 Q F0 .545(The tw)144 96 R 3.045(oo)-.1 G 3.045(rt)
+-3.045 G .545(hree characters which control history e)-3.045 F .546
+(xpansion and tok)-.15 F .546(enization \(see)-.1 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
+(HIST)3.046 E(OR)-.162 E 2.796(YE)-.315 G(X-)-2.796 E -.666(PA)144 108 S
+(NSION).666 E F0(belo)2.988 E 3.238(w\). The)-.25 F .738
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+(history e)3.237 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(character)3.237 E 3.237(,t)-.4 G
+.737(he character which sig-)-3.237 F .76(nals the start of a history e)
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+(second character is the)3.261 F F3(quic)3.261 E 3.261(ks)-.2 G
+(ubstitution)-3.261 E F0(character)144 132 Q 3.477(,w)-.4 G .977
+(hich is used as shorthand for re-running the pre)-3.477 F .976
+(vious command entered, substituting)-.25 F .13
+(one string for another in the command.)144 144 R .131(The def)5.13 F
+.131(ault is `)-.1 F F1(^)A F0 2.631('. The)B .131
+(optional third character is the char)2.631 F(-)-.2 E .276(acter which \
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+ \214rst character)144 156 R .459(of a w)144 168 R .459(ord, normally `)
+-.1 F F1(#)A F0 2.959('. The)B .459
(history comment character causes history substitution to be skipped)
-2.959 F .466(for the remaining w)144 180 R .466(ords on the line.)-.1 F
-.467(It does not necessarily cause the shell parser to treat the rest)
+2.959 F .467(for the remaining w)144 180 R .467(ords on the line.)-.1 F
+.466(It does not necessarily cause the shell parser to treat the rest)
5.467 F(of the line as a comment.)144 192 Q F1(Arrays)87 208.8 Q(Bash)
-108 220.8 Q F0(pro)3.391 E .891(vides one-dimensional inde)-.15 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G 3.391(da).15 G .891(nd associati)-3.391 F 1.191 -.15(ve a)
--.25 H .891(rray v).15 F 3.391(ariables. An)-.25 F 3.391(yv)-.15 G .89
+108 220.8 Q F0(pro)3.39 E .89(vides one-dimensional inde)-.15 F -.15(xe)
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(ariable may be used as an)-3.641 F(inde)108 232.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
-2.573(da).15 G .073(rray; the)-2.573 F F1(declar)2.573 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2
-(bu)2.573 G .073(iltin will e).2 F .073(xplicitly declare an array)-.15
-F 5.073(.T)-.65 G .074(here is no maximum limit on the size of)-5.073 F
-.329(an array)108 244.8 R 2.829(,n)-.65 G .329(or an)-2.829 F 2.829(yr)
--.15 G .329(equirement that members be inde)-2.829 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-2.829(do).15 G 2.829(ra)-2.829 G .328(ssigned contiguously)-2.829 F
-5.328(.I)-.65 G(nde)-5.328 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.828(da).15 G .328
-(rrays are refer)-2.828 F(-)-.2 E 1.595(enced using inte)108 256.8 R
+2.574(da).15 G .074(rray; the)-2.574 F F1(declar)2.574 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2
+(bu)2.574 G .074(iltin will e).2 F .073(xplicitly declare an array)-.15
+F 5.073(.T)-.65 G .073(here is no maximum limit on the size of)-5.073 F
+.328(an array)108 244.8 R 2.828(,n)-.65 G .328(or an)-2.828 F 2.828(yr)
+-.15 G .329(equirement that members be inde)-2.828 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
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+(rrays are refer)-2.829 F(-)-.2 E 1.595(enced using inte)108 256.8 R
1.595(gers \(including arithmetic e)-.15 F 1.595
(xpressions\) and are zero-based; associati)-.15 F 1.895 -.15(ve a)-.25
H 1.595(rrays are refer).15 F(-)-.2 E(enced using arbitrary strings.)108
268.8 Q(Unless otherwise noted, inde)5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G
(rray indices must be non-ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .3 -.15
-(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E(gers.)-.15 E 2.463(An inde)108 285.6 R -.15(xe)
--.15 G 4.963(da).15 G 2.463(rray is created automatically if an)-4.963 F
-4.963(yv)-.15 G 2.462(ariable is assigned to using the syntax)-5.213 F
-F3(name)4.962 E F0([)A F3(sub-)A(script)108 297.6 Q F0(]=)A F3(value)A
-F0 5.506(.T)C(he)-5.506 E F3(subscript)3.346 E F0 .507
+(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E(gers.)-.15 E 2.462(An inde)108 285.6 R -.15(xe)
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+F3(name)4.963 E F0([)A F3(sub-)A(script)108 297.6 Q F0(]=)A F3(value)A
+F0 5.507(.T)C(he)-5.507 E F3(subscript)3.347 E F0 .507
(is treated as an arithmetic e)3.687 F .507(xpression that must e)-.15 F
--.25(va)-.25 G .507(luate to a number).25 F 5.507(.T)-.55 G 3.007(oe)
--6.307 G(x-)-3.157 E 1.193(plicitly declare an inde)108 309.6 R -.15(xe)
--.15 G 3.693(da).15 G(rray)-3.693 E 3.693(,u)-.65 G(se)-3.693 E F1
-(declar)3.693 E 3.693<65ad>-.18 G(a)-3.693 E F3(name)3.693 E F0(\(see)
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+-6.306 G(x-)-3.156 E 1.192(plicitly declare an inde)108 309.6 R -.15(xe)
+-.15 G 3.692(da).15 G(rray)-3.692 E 3.692(,u)-.65 G(se)-3.692 E F1
+(declar)3.692 E 3.693<65ad>-.18 G(a)-3.693 E F3(name)3.693 E F0(\(see)
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-.18 G(a)-2.5 E F3(name)2.5 E F1([)A F3(subscript)A F1(])A F0
(is also accepted; the)2.5 E F3(subscript)2.5 E F0(is ignored.)2.5 E
(Associati)108 338.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rrays are created using).15 E
F1(declar)2.5 E 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(A)-2.5 E F3(name)2.5 E F0(.)A(Attrib)108
-355.2 Q .94(utes may be speci\214ed for an array v)-.2 F .941
-(ariable using the)-.25 F F1(declar)3.441 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)3.441 E F1
--.18(re)3.441 G(adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.441 G 3.441(iltins. Each).2 F
-(attrib)3.441 E(ute)-.2 E(applies to all members of an array)108 367.2 Q
+355.2 Q .941(utes may be speci\214ed for an array v)-.2 F .941
+(ariable using the)-.25 F F1(declar)3.441 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)3.44 E F1
+-.18(re)3.44 G(adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.44 G 3.44(iltins. Each).2 F
+(attrib)3.44 E(ute)-.2 E(applies to all members of an array)108 367.2 Q
(.)-.65 E 1.647
(Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form)108 384 R
F3(name)4.147 E F0(=)A F1(\()A F0 -.25(va)C(lue).25 E F3(1)A F0 1.647
-(... v)4.147 F(alue)-.25 E F3(n)A F1(\))A F0 4.147(,w)C 1.647(here each)
--4.147 F F3(value)108 396 Q F0 .211(may be of the form [)2.711 F F3
+(... v)4.147 F(alue)-.25 E F3(n)A F1(\))A F0 4.148(,w)C 1.648(here each)
+-4.148 F F3(value)108 396 Q F0 .212(may be of the form [)2.712 F F3
(subscript)A F0(]=)A F3(string)A F0 5.211(.I)C(nde)-5.211 E -.15(xe)-.15
-G 2.711(da).15 G .212(rray assignments do not require an)-2.711 F .212
-(ything b)-.15 F(ut)-.2 E F3(string)2.712 E F0(.)A(Each)108 408 Q F3
-(value)2.53 E F0 .029(in the list is e)2.529 F .029
+G 2.711(da).15 G .211(rray assignments do not require an)-2.711 F .211
+(ything b)-.15 F(ut)-.2 E F3(string)2.711 E F0(.)A(Each)108 408 Q F3
+(value)2.529 E F0 .029(in the list is e)2.529 F .029
(xpanded using all the shell e)-.15 F .029(xpansions described belo)-.15
F 2.529(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.529 E F2(EXP)2.529 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F4 9
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(When)4.529 E .995(assigning to inde)108 420 R
--.15(xe)-.15 G 3.495(da).15 G .995(rrays, if the optional brack)-3.495 F
-.996(ets and subscript are supplied, that inde)-.1 F 3.496(xi)-.15 G
-3.496(sa)-3.496 G .996(ssigned to;)-3.496 F .417(otherwise the inde)108
-432 R 2.917(xo)-.15 G 2.917(ft)-2.917 G .417
-(he element assigned is the last inde)-2.917 F 2.917(xa)-.15 G .416
-(ssigned to by the statement plus one.)-2.917 F(Inde)5.416 E(x-)-.15 E
+/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(When)4.53 E .996(assigning to inde)108 420 R
+-.15(xe)-.15 G 3.496(da).15 G .996(rrays, if the optional brack)-3.496 F
+.996(ets and subscript are supplied, that inde)-.1 F 3.495(xi)-.15 G
+3.495(sa)-3.495 G .995(ssigned to;)-3.495 F .416(otherwise the inde)108
+432 R 2.916(xo)-.15 G 2.916(ft)-2.916 G .417
+(he element assigned is the last inde)-2.916 F 2.917(xa)-.15 G .417
+(ssigned to by the statement plus one.)-2.917 F(Inde)5.417 E(x-)-.15 E
(ing starts at zero.)108 444 Q 1.288(When assigning to an associati)108
460.8 R 1.588 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray).15 E 3.788(,t)-.65 G 1.288(he w)
-3.788 F 1.288(ords in a compound assignment may be either assignment)
-.1 F .608
(statements, for which the subscript is required, or a list of w)108
472.8 R .608(ords that is interpreted as a sequence of alter)-.1 F(-)-.2
-E 1.956(nating k)108 484.8 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.456(sa).15 G 1.956(nd v)
--4.456 F(alues:)-.25 E F3(name)4.456 E F0(=)A F1(\()A F3 -.1(ke)4.456 G
+E 1.957(nating k)108 484.8 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.457(sa).15 G 1.957(nd v)
+-4.457 F(alues:)-.25 E F3(name)4.457 E F0(=)A F1(\()A F3 -.1(ke)4.457 G
1.957(y1 value1 k)-.2 F -.3(ey)-.1 G 4.457(2v).3 G(alue2)-4.457 E F0
-(...)4.457 E F1(\))A F0 6.957(.T)C 1.957
-(hese are treated identically to)-6.957 F F3(name)4.457 E F0(=)A F1(\()A
-F0([)108 496.8 Q F3 -.1(ke)C(y1)-.2 E F0(]=)A F3(value1)A F0([)3.133 E
-F3 -.1(ke)C(y2)-.2 E F0(]=)A F3(value2)A F0(...)3.133 E F1(\))A F0 5.633
-(.T)C .633(he \214rst w)-5.633 F .633(ord in the list determines ho)-.1
-F 3.132(wt)-.25 G .632(he remaining w)-3.132 F .632(ords are inter)-.1 F
-(-)-.2 E .153
+(...)4.457 E F1(\))A F0 6.957(.T)C 1.956
+(hese are treated identically to)-6.957 F F3(name)4.456 E F0(=)A F1(\()A
+F0([)108 496.8 Q F3 -.1(ke)C(y1)-.2 E F0(]=)A F3(value1)A F0([)3.132 E
+F3 -.1(ke)C(y2)-.2 E F0(]=)A F3(value2)A F0(...)3.132 E F1(\))A F0 5.632
+(.T)C .632(he \214rst w)-5.632 F .633(ord in the list determines ho)-.1
+F 3.133(wt)-.25 G .633(he remaining w)-3.133 F .633(ords are inter)-.1 F
+(-)-.2 E .154
(preted; all assignments in a list must be of the same type.)108 508.8 R
-.154(When using k)5.154 F -.15(ey)-.1 G(/v).15 E .154(alue pairs, the k)
--.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.654(sm).15 G .154(ay not be)-2.654 F
+.153(When using k)5.153 F -.15(ey)-.1 G(/v).15 E .153(alue pairs, the k)
+-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.653(sm).15 G .153(ay not be)-2.653 F
(missing or empty; a \214nal missing v)108 520.8 Q(alue is treated lik)
--.25 E 2.5(et)-.1 G(he empty string.)-2.5 E .24
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-(syntax introduced abo)4.416 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 6.917(.W).15 G 1.917
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-(of)108 573.6 Q F3(name)2.676 E F0 2.676(,s)C 2.676(on)-2.676 G -2.25
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-(The += operator will append to an array v)108 602.4 R .716
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-(less than zero, it is interpreted as relati)108 108 R .929 -.15(ve t)
--.25 H 3.128(oo).15 G .628(ne greater than the maximum inde)-3.128 F
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+(less than zero, it is interpreted as relati)108 108 R .928 -.15(ve t)
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(ariable, and arithmetic e)-2.75 E(xpansion and command substitution.)
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--.15 F(x-)-.15 E .695(pansions of ")108 580.8 R F2($@)A F0 3.195("a)C
-.695(nd ")-3.195 F F2(${)A F1(name)A F2([@]})A F0 .696
+-.15 F(x-)-.15 E .696(pansions of ")108 580.8 R F2($@)A F0 3.196("a)C
+.696(nd ")-3.196 F F2(${)A F1(name)A F2([@]})A F0 .696
(", and, in most cases,)B F2($*)3.196 E F0(and)3.196 E F2(${)3.196 E F1
-(name)A F2([*]})A F0 .696(as e)3.196 F .696(xplained abo)-.15 F .996
--.15(ve \()-.15 H(see).15 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.196 G(-).666
+(name)A F2([*]})A F0 .695(as e)3.196 F .695(xplained abo)-.15 F .995
+-.15(ve \()-.15 H(see).15 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.195 G(-).666
E(RAMETERS)108 592.8 Q/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(\).)A F2(Brace Expansion)87
609.6 Q F1(Br)108.58 621.6 Q .606(ace e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 .606
(is a mechanism by which arbitrary strings may be generated.)3.346 F
(pathname e)2.915 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 2.915(,b)C .415
(ut the \214lenames generated need not e)-3.115 F 2.915(xist. P)-.15 F
.415(atterns to be brace e)-.15 F .415(xpanded tak)-.15 F 2.915(et)-.1 G
-(he)-2.915 E .074(form of an optional)108 645.6 R F1(pr)3.823 E(eamble)
+(he)-2.915 E .073(form of an optional)108 645.6 R F1(pr)3.823 E(eamble)
-.37 E F0 2.573(,f).18 G(ollo)-2.573 E .073
(wed by either a series of comma-separated strings or a sequence e)-.25
-F(xpres-)-.15 E .489(sion between a pair of braces, follo)108 657.6 R
-.489(wed by an optional)-.25 F F1(postscript)4.239 E F0 5.49(.T).68 G
-.49(he preamble is pre\214x)-5.49 F .49(ed to each string)-.15 F .659(c\
-ontained within the braces, and the postscript is then appended to each\
- resulting string, e)108 669.6 R .658(xpanding left to)-.15 F(right.)108
-681.6 Q .718(Brace e)108 698.4 R .719(xpansions may be nested.)-.15 F
-.719(The results of each e)5.719 F .719
+F(xpres-)-.15 E .49(sion between a pair of braces, follo)108 657.6 R
+.489(wed by an optional)-.25 F F1(postscript)4.239 E F0 5.489(.T).68 G
+.489(he preamble is pre\214x)-5.489 F .489(ed to each string)-.15 F .659
+(contained within the braces, and the postscript is then appended to ea\
+ch resulting string, e)108 669.6 R .659(xpanding left to)-.15 F(right.)
+108 681.6 Q .719(Brace e)108 698.4 R .719(xpansions may be nested.)-.15
+F .719(The results of each e)5.719 F .719
(xpanded string are not sorted; left to right order is)-.15 F(preserv)
108 710.4 Q 2.5(ed. F)-.15 F(or e)-.15 E(xample, a)-.15 E F2({)A F0
-(d,c,b)A F2(})A F0 2.5(ee)C(xpands into `ade ace abe'.)-2.65 E 3.149(As)
-108 727.2 S .649(equence e)-3.149 F .649(xpression tak)-.15 F .649
+(d,c,b)A F2(})A F0 2.5(ee)C(xpands into `ade ace abe'.)-2.65 E 3.148(As)
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(es the form)-.1 F F2({)3.149 E F1(x)A F2(..)A F1(y)A F2([..)A F1(incr)A
F2(]})A F0 3.149(,w)C(here)-3.149 E F1(x)3.149 E F0(and)3.149 E F1(y)
-3.149 E F0 .649(are either inte)3.149 F .648
-(gers or single letters, and)-.15 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 March 11)
-144.29 E(21)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
+3.149 E F0 .649(are either inte)3.149 F .649
+(gers or single letters, and)-.15 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)
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/Times-Italic@0 SF(incr)108 84 Q F0 2.615(,a)C 2.615(no)-2.615 G .115
(ptional increment, is an inte)-2.615 F(ger)-.15 E 5.115(.W)-.55 G .115
(hen inte)-5.115 F .115(gers are supplied, the e)-.15 F .115
-(xpression e)-.15 F .115(xpands to each num-)-.15 F 1.014(ber between)
-108 96 R F1(x)3.514 E F0(and)3.514 E F1(y)3.513 E F0 3.513(,i)C(nclusi)
+(xpression e)-.15 F .115(xpands to each num-)-.15 F 1.013(ber between)
+108 96 R F1(x)3.513 E F0(and)3.513 E F1(y)3.513 E F0 3.513(,i)C(nclusi)
-3.513 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 6.013(.S).15 G 1.013(upplied inte)-6.013 F 1.013
(gers may be pre\214x)-.15 F 1.013(ed with)-.15 F F1(0)3.513 E F0 1.013
-(to force each term to ha)3.513 F 1.313 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E .014
-(same width.)108 108 R .014(When either)5.014 F F1(x)2.514 E F0(or)2.514
-E F1(y)2.514 E F0(be)2.514 E .015(gins with a zero, the shell attempts \
-to force all generated terms to contain)-.15 F 1.131
+(to force each term to ha)3.513 F 1.314 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E .015
+(same width.)108 108 R .015(When either)5.015 F F1(x)2.515 E F0(or)2.515
+E F1(y)2.515 E F0(be)2.515 E .014(gins with a zero, the shell attempts \
+to force all generated terms to contain)-.15 F 1.13
(the same number of digits, zero-padding where necessary)108 120 R 6.131
-(.W)-.65 G 1.13(hen letters are supplied, the e)-6.131 F 1.13
-(xpression e)-.15 F(x-)-.15 E .484(pands to each character le)108 132 R
-.484(xicographically between)-.15 F F1(x)2.984 E F0(and)2.984 E F1(y)
-2.984 E F0 2.984(,i)C(nclusi)-2.984 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.984(,u).15 G .485
-(sing the def)-2.984 F .485(ault C locale.)-.1 F .485(Note that)5.485 F
-(both)108 144 Q F1(x)2.967 E F0(and)2.967 E F1(y)2.967 E F0 .467
-(must be of the same type \(inte)2.967 F .467(ger or letter\).)-.15 F
+(.W)-.65 G 1.131(hen letters are supplied, the e)-6.131 F 1.131
+(xpression e)-.15 F(x-)-.15 E .485(pands to each character le)108 132 R
+.485(xicographically between)-.15 F F1(x)2.985 E F0(and)2.984 E F1(y)
+2.984 E F0 2.984(,i)C(nclusi)-2.984 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.984(,u).15 G .484
+(sing the def)-2.984 F .484(ault C locale.)-.1 F .484(Note that)5.484 F
+(both)108 144 Q F1(x)2.966 E F0(and)2.966 E F1(y)2.966 E F0 .467
+(must be of the same type \(inte)2.966 F .467(ger or letter\).)-.15 F
.467(When the increment is supplied, it is used as the)5.467 F(dif)108
156 Q(ference between each term.)-.25 E(The def)5 E
-(ault increment is 1 or \2551 as appropriate.)-.1 E .581(Brace e)108
-172.8 R .581(xpansion is performed before an)-.15 F 3.081(yo)-.15 G .581
-(ther e)-3.081 F .581(xpansions, and an)-.15 F 3.082(yc)-.15 G .582
-(haracters special to other e)-3.082 F(xpansions)-.15 E .016
-(are preserv)108 184.8 R .016(ed in the result.)-.15 F .016
-(It is strictly te)5.016 F(xtual.)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Bash)
-5.016 E F0 .015(does not apply an)2.516 F 2.515(ys)-.15 G .015
-(yntactic interpretation to the con-)-2.515 F(te)108 196.8 Q
+(ault increment is 1 or \2551 as appropriate.)-.1 E .582(Brace e)108
+172.8 R .582(xpansion is performed before an)-.15 F 3.082(yo)-.15 G .581
+(ther e)-3.082 F .581(xpansions, and an)-.15 F 3.081(yc)-.15 G .581
+(haracters special to other e)-3.081 F(xpansions)-.15 E .015
+(are preserv)108 184.8 R .015(ed in the result.)-.15 F .015
+(It is strictly te)5.015 F(xtual.)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Bash)
+5.016 E F0 .016(does not apply an)2.516 F 2.516(ys)-.15 G .016
+(yntactic interpretation to the con-)-2.516 F(te)108 196.8 Q
(xt of the e)-.15 E(xpansion or the te)-.15 E(xt between the braces.)
--.15 E 2.501(Ac)108 213.6 S .001(orrectly-formed brace e)-2.501 F .001(\
+-.15 E 2.502(Ac)108 213.6 S .002(orrectly-formed brace e)-2.502 F .001(\
xpansion must contain unquoted opening and closing braces, and at least\
- one un-)-.15 F .458(quoted comma or a v)108 225.6 R .458
+ one un-)-.15 F .457(quoted comma or a v)108 225.6 R .458
(alid sequence e)-.25 F 2.958(xpression. An)-.15 F 2.958(yi)-.15 G .458
-(ncorrectly formed brace e)-2.958 F .457(xpansion is left unchanged.)
--.15 F(A)108 237.6 Q F2({)2.521 E F0(or)2.521 E F2(,)2.521 E F0 .021
-(may be quoted with a backslash to pre)2.521 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022
-(nt its being considered part of a brace e).15 F 2.522(xpression. T)-.15
-F 2.522(oa)-.8 G -.2(vo)-2.722 G(id).2 E .172
+(ncorrectly formed brace e)-2.958 F .458(xpansion is left unchanged.)
+-.15 F(A)108 237.6 Q F2({)2.522 E F0(or)2.522 E F2(,)2.522 E F0 .022
+(may be quoted with a backslash to pre)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .021
+(nt its being considered part of a brace e).15 F 2.521(xpression. T)-.15
+F 2.521(oa)-.8 G -.2(vo)-2.721 G(id).2 E .172
(con\215icts with parameter e)108 249.6 R .172(xpansion, the string)-.15
F F2(${)2.672 E F0 .172(is not considered eligible for brace e)2.672 F
.172(xpansion, and inhibits)-.15 F(brace e)108 261.6 Q
E(w_e)-.25 E(x}})-.15 E .618(Brace e)108 348 R .618
(xpansion introduces a slight incompatibility with historical v)-.15 F
.618(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sh)3.118 E F0(.)A F2(sh)5.618 E F0 .618
-(does not treat open-)3.118 F .247
-(ing or closing braces specially when the)108 360 R 2.747(ya)-.15 G .247
-(ppear as part of a w)-2.747 F .248(ord, and preserv)-.1 F .248
-(es them in the output.)-.15 F F2(Bash)5.248 E F0(remo)108 372 Q -.15
+(does not treat open-)3.118 F .248
+(ing or closing braces specially when the)108 360 R 2.748(ya)-.15 G .247
+(ppear as part of a w)-2.748 F .247(ord, and preserv)-.1 F .247
+(es them in the output.)-.15 F F2(Bash)5.247 E F0(remo)108 372 Q -.15
(ve)-.15 G 3.53(sb).15 G 1.03(races from w)-3.53 F 1.03
(ords as a consequence of brace e)-.1 F 3.53(xpansion. F)-.15 F 1.03
(or e)-.15 F 1.03(xample, a w)-.15 F 1.03(ord entered to)-.1 F F2(sh)
-3.53 E F0(as)3.53 E F1(\214le{1,2})108 384 Q F0 .514
-(appears identically in the output.)3.014 F .515(The same w)5.515 F .515
-(ord is output as)-.1 F F1 .515(\214le1 \214le2)4.925 F F0 .515(after e)
-3.035 F .515(xpansion by)-.15 F F2(bash)3.015 E F0(.)A .437
+3.53 E F0(as)3.53 E F1(\214le{1,2})108 384 Q F0 .515
+(appears identically in the output.)3.015 F .515(The same w)5.515 F .515
+(ord is output as)-.1 F F1 .514(\214le1 \214le2)4.925 F F0 .514(after e)
+3.034 F .514(xpansion by)-.15 F F2(bash)3.014 E F0(.)A .436
(If strict compatibility with)108 396 R F2(sh)2.936 E F0 .436
(is desired, start)2.936 F F2(bash)2.936 E F0 .436(with the)2.936 F F2
-(+B)2.936 E F0 .436(option or disable brace e)2.936 F .436
+(+B)2.936 E F0 .436(option or disable brace e)2.936 F .437
(xpansion with the)-.15 F F2(+B)108 408 Q F0(option to the)2.5 E F2(set)
2.5 E F0(command \(see)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09
E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F2 -.18(Ti)87 424.8 S
-(lde Expansion).18 E F0 1.086(If a w)108 436.8 R 1.086(ord be)-.1 F
-1.086(gins with an unquoted tilde character \(`)-.15 F F2(~)A F0 1.087
+(lde Expansion).18 E F0 1.087(If a w)108 436.8 R 1.087(ord be)-.1 F
+1.087(gins with an unquoted tilde character \(`)-.15 F F2(~)A F0 1.086
('\), all of the characters preceding the \214rst unquoted)B .185(slash\
\(or all characters, if there is no unquoted slash\) are considered a)
108 448.8 R F1(tilde-pr)2.685 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.185(.I)C 2.685(fn)
--5.185 G .185(one of the characters)-2.685 F .725(in the tilde-pre\214x\
- are quoted, the characters in the tilde-pre\214x follo)108 460.8 R .726
-(wing the tilde are treated as a possible)-.25 F F1(lo)108 472.8 Q .523
-(gin name)-.1 F F0 5.523(.I)C 3.023(ft)-5.523 G .523
+-5.185 G .185(one of the characters)-2.685 F .726(in the tilde-pre\214x\
+ are quoted, the characters in the tilde-pre\214x follo)108 460.8 R .725
+(wing the tilde are treated as a possible)-.25 F F1(lo)108 472.8 Q .522
+(gin name)-.1 F F0 5.522(.I)C 3.022(ft)-5.522 G .522
(his login name is the null string, the tilde is replaced with the v)
--3.023 F .522(alue of the shell parameter)-.25 F F3(HOME)108 484.8 Q/F4
-9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If)4.786 E F3(HOME)2.786 E F0 .287
-(is unset, the home directory of the user e)2.536 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .287
-(cuting the shell is substituted instead.).15 F(Other)5.287 E(-)-.2 E(w\
+-3.022 F .523(alue of the shell parameter)-.25 F F3(HOME)108 484.8 Q/F4
+9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If)4.787 E F3(HOME)2.787 E F0 .287
+(is unset, the home directory of the user e)2.537 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .286
+(cuting the shell is substituted instead.).15 F(Other)5.286 E(-)-.2 E(w\
ise, the tilde-pre\214x is replaced with the home directory associated \
-with the speci\214ed login name.)108 496.8 Q .093
+with the speci\214ed login name.)108 496.8 Q .092
(If the tilde-pre\214x is a `~+', the v)108 513.6 R .092
(alue of the shell v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(PWD)2.592 E F0 .092
-(replaces the tilde-pre\214x.)2.342 F .092(If the tilde-pre\214x is)
-5.092 F 3.403(a`)108 525.6 S .903(~\255', the v)-3.403 F .903
+(replaces the tilde-pre\214x.)2.342 F .093(If the tilde-pre\214x is)
+5.093 F 3.404(a`)108 525.6 S .904(~\255', the v)-3.404 F .904
(alue of the shell v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(OLDPWD)3.404 E F4(,)A F0
-.904(if it is set, is substituted.)3.154 F .904(If the characters follo)
-5.904 F .904(wing the)-.25 F .88
-(tilde in the tilde-pre\214x consist of a number)108 537.6 R F1(N)3.38 E
-F0 3.38(,o)C .88(ptionally pre\214x)-3.38 F .879
+.904(if it is set, is substituted.)3.154 F .903(If the characters follo)
+5.903 F .903(wing the)-.25 F .879
+(tilde in the tilde-pre\214x consist of a number)108 537.6 R F1(N)3.379
+E F0 3.379(,o)C .879(ptionally pre\214x)-3.379 F .88
(ed by a `+' or a `\255', the tilde-pre\214x is re-)-.15 F .138(placed \
with the corresponding element from the directory stack, as it w)108
-549.6 R .138(ould be displayed by the)-.1 F F2(dirs)2.639 E F0 -.2(bu)
-2.639 G(iltin).2 E(in)108 561.6 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.839(dw).1 G
-.338(ith the tilde-pre\214x as an ar)-2.839 F 2.838(gument. If)-.18 F
+549.6 R .138(ould be displayed by the)-.1 F F2(dirs)2.638 E F0 -.2(bu)
+2.638 G(iltin).2 E(in)108 561.6 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.838(dw).1 G
+.338(ith the tilde-pre\214x as an ar)-2.838 F 2.838(gument. If)-.18 F
.338(the characters follo)2.838 F .338
(wing the tilde in the tilde-pre\214x consist)-.25 F
(of a number without a leading `+' or `\255', `+' is assumed.)108 573.6
Q(If the login name is in)108 590.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid, or the tilde e)
-.25 E(xpansion f)-.15 E(ails, the w)-.1 E(ord is unchanged.)-.1 E .166
+.25 E(xpansion f)-.15 E(ails, the w)-.1 E(ord is unchanged.)-.1 E .167
(Each v)108 607.2 R .167(ariable assignment is check)-.25 F .167
(ed for unquoted tilde-pre\214x)-.1 F .167(es immediately follo)-.15 F
.167(wing a)-.25 F F2(:)2.667 E F0 .167(or the \214rst)2.667 F F2(=)
-2.667 E F0 5.167(.I)C(n)-5.167 E .468(these cases, tilde e)108 619.2 R
-.468(xpansion is also performed.)-.15 F(Consequently)5.467 E 2.967(,o)
--.65 G .467(ne may use \214lenames with tildes in assign-)-2.967 F
+2.666 E F0 5.166(.I)C(n)-5.166 E .467(these cases, tilde e)108 619.2 R
+.467(xpansion is also performed.)-.15 F(Consequently)5.467 E 2.967(,o)
+-.65 G .468(ne may use \214lenames with tildes in assign-)-2.967 F
(ments to)108 631.2 Q F3 -.666(PA)2.5 G(TH)-.189 E F4(,)A F3(MAILP)2.25
E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F3(CDP)2.5 E -.855(AT)
-.666 G(H).855 E F4(,)A F0(and the shell assigns the e)2.25 E(xpanded v)
--.15 E(alue.)-.25 E .023(Bash also performs tilde e)108 648 R .023
-(xpansion on w)-.15 F .024(ords satisfying the conditions of v)-.1 F
-.024(ariable assignments \(as described)-.25 F(abo)108 660 Q .77 -.15
-(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3 -.666(PA)2.97 G(RAMETERS).666 E F4(\))A F0
-.47(when the)2.72 F 2.969(ya)-.15 G .469(ppear as ar)-2.969 F .469
-(guments to simple commands.)-.18 F .469(Bash does not do this,)5.469 F
+-.15 E(alue.)-.25 E .024(Bash also performs tilde e)108 648 R .024
+(xpansion on w)-.15 F .023(ords satisfying the conditions of v)-.1 F
+.023(ariable assignments \(as described)-.25 F(abo)108 660 Q .769 -.15
+(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3 -.666(PA)2.969 G(RAMETERS).666 E F4(\))A F0
+.469(when the)2.719 F 2.969(ya)-.15 G .469(ppear as ar)-2.969 F .469
+(guments to simple commands.)-.18 F .47(Bash does not do this,)5.469 F
-.15(ex)108 672 S(cept for the).15 E F1(declar)2.5 E(ation)-.15 E F0
(commands listed abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(,w).15 G(hen in)-2.5 E F1
(posix mode)2.5 E F0(.)A F2 -.1(Pa)87 688.8 S(rameter Expansion).1 E F0
-.199(The `)108 700.8 R F2($)A F0 2.699('c)C .199
-(haracter introduces parameter e)-2.699 F .199
-(xpansion, command substitution, or arithmetic e)-.15 F 2.7
-(xpansion. The)-.15 F(pa-)2.7 E .314(rameter name or symbol to be e)108
-712.8 R .314(xpanded may be enclosed in braces, which are optional b)
--.15 F .314(ut serv)-.2 F 2.813(et)-.15 G 2.813(op)-2.813 G(rotect)
--2.813 E .414(the v)108 724.8 R .414(ariable to be e)-.25 F .414
-(xpanded from characters immediately follo)-.15 F .415
+.2(The `)108 700.8 R F2($)A F0 2.7('c)C .199
+(haracter introduces parameter e)-2.7 F .199
+(xpansion, command substitution, or arithmetic e)-.15 F 2.699
+(xpansion. The)-.15 F(pa-)2.699 E .314(rameter name or symbol to be e)
+108 712.8 R .314
+(xpanded may be enclosed in braces, which are optional b)-.15 F .314
+(ut serv)-.2 F 2.814(et)-.15 G 2.814(op)-2.814 G(rotect)-2.814 E .415
+(the v)108 724.8 R .415(ariable to be e)-.25 F .415
+(xpanded from characters immediately follo)-.15 F .414
(wing it which could be interpreted as part of)-.25 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72
-768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(22)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
+768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(22)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(the name.)108 84 Q
-1.19(When braces are used, the matching ending brace is the \214rst `)
-108 100.8 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(})A F0 3.689('n)C 1.189
-(ot escaped by a backslash or within a)-3.689 F .821
-(quoted string, and not within an embedded arithmetic e)108 112.8 R .822
+1.189(When braces are used, the matching ending brace is the \214rst `)
+108 100.8 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(})A F0 3.69('n)C 1.19
+(ot escaped by a backslash or within a)-3.69 F .822
+(quoted string, and not within an embedded arithmetic e)108 112.8 R .821
(xpansion, command substitution, or parameter e)-.15 F(x-)-.15 E
(pansion.)108 124.8 Q(${)108 141.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(par)A
(ameter)-.15 E F0(})A .106(The v)144 153.6 R .106(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)
2.606 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .106(is substituted.)2.606 F .106
(The braces are required when)5.106 F F2(par)3.856 E(ameter)-.15 E F0
-.106(is a positional pa-)3.336 F .11
-(rameter with more than one digit, or when)144 165.6 R F2(par)3.86 E
-(ameter)-.15 E F0 .111(is follo)3.341 F .111
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(alue substituted is the number of positional parameters.)-.25 F(If)
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-.78(ray name subscripted by)144 410.4 R F2(*)3.28 E F0(or)3.28 E F2(@)
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-(alue substituted is the number of elements in the array)-.25 F 5.781
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-(is an inde)3.686 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.956(da).15 G .456
-(rray name subscripted by a ne)-2.956 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .756
--.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E 2.955(,t)-.4 G .455
-(hat number is interpreted)-2.955 F .972(as relati)144 434.4 R 1.272
--.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.472(oo).15 G .973(ne greater than the maximum inde)
--3.472 F 3.473(xo)-.15 G(f)-3.473 E F1(par)3.473 E(ameter)-.15 E F0
-3.473(,s)C 3.473(on)-3.473 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-3.473 H(ti).15 E 1.273
--.15(ve i)-.25 H .973(ndices count back).15 F(from the end of the array)
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144 446.4 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G(nd an inde)-2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5<66ad>-2.5
G 2.5(1r)-2.5 G(eferences the last element.)-2.5 E(${)108 463.2 Q F1
(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(#)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A(${)108 475.2 Q F1
Q 1.396 -.1(ve m)-.1 H 1.196(atching pr).1 F 1.196(e\214x patter)-.18 F
(n)-.15 E F0 6.196(.T)C(he)-6.196 E F1(wor)4.036 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.196
(is e)4.466 F 1.196(xpanded to produce a pattern just as in path-)-.15 F
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-144 511.2 Q F2 -.1(Pa)3.133 G(tter).1 E 3.133(nM)-.15 G(atching)-3.133 E
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+144 511.2 Q F2 -.1(Pa)3.132 G(tter).1 E 3.132(nM)-.15 G(atching)-3.132 E
F0(belo)3.132 E 4.432 -.65(w. I)-.25 H 3.132(ft).65 G .632
-(he pattern matches the be)-3.132 F .632(ginning of the v)-.15 F .632
-(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)4.382 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(,).73 E 1.151
+(he pattern matches the be)-3.132 F .632(ginning of the v)-.15 F .633
+(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)4.383 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(,).73 E 1.152
(then the result of the e)144 523.2 R 1.151(xpansion is the e)-.15 F
-1.151(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.151(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)4.902 E(ameter)-.15 E
-F0 1.152(with the shortest matching)4.382 F .184(pattern \(the `)144
-535.2 R(`)-.74 E F2(#)A F0 1.664 -.74('' c)D .184
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(ase\) or the longest matching pattern \(the `).74 F(`)-.74 E F2(##)A F0
-1.664 -.74('' c)D .184(ase\) deleted.).74 F(If)5.183 E F1(par)3.933 E
-(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.413 E F2(@)2.683 E F0(or)144 547.2 Q F2(*)3.018 E
-F0 3.018(,t)C .518(he pattern remo)-3.018 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.018(lo).25
+1.664 -.74('' c)D .184(ase\) deleted.).74 F(If)5.184 E F1(par)3.934 E
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G .518
(peration is applied to each positional parameter in turn, and the e)
--3.018 F(xpan-)-.15 E .304(sion is the resultant list.)144 559.2 R(If)
-5.304 E F1(par)4.054 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .303(is an array v)3.533 F .303
-(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F2(@)2.803 E F0(or)2.803 E F2(*)2.803 E
-F0 2.803(,t)C .303(he pattern re-)-2.803 F(mo)144 571.2 Q -.25(va)-.15 G
-2.987(lo).25 G .487
+-3.018 F(xpan-)-.15 E .303(sion is the resultant list.)144 559.2 R(If)
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+(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F2(@)2.804 E F0(or)2.804 E F2(*)2.804 E
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(peration is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e)
--2.987 F .487(xpansion is the resultant)-.15 F(list.)144 583.2 Q(${)108
+-2.988 F .487(xpansion is the resultant)-.15 F(list.)144 583.2 Q(${)108
600 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(%)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A(${)108 612
Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(%%)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F2(Remo)144
-624 Q .347 -.1(ve m)-.1 H .147(atching suf\214x patter).1 F(n)-.15 E F0
-5.147(.T)C(he)-5.147 E F1(wor)2.647 E(d)-.37 E F0 .147(is e)2.647 F .146
+624 Q .346 -.1(ve m)-.1 H .146(atching suf\214x patter).1 F(n)-.15 E F0
+5.146(.T)C(he)-5.146 E F1(wor)2.646 E(d)-.37 E F0 .147(is e)2.647 F .147
(xpanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname)-.15 F -.15(ex)144 636
-S .458(pansion, and matched ag).15 F .458(ainst the e)-.05 F .458
-(xpanded v)-.15 F .458(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)4.209 E(ameter)-.15 E F0
-.459(using the rules described under)3.689 F F2 -.1(Pa)144 648 S(tter).1
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+(xpanded v)-.15 F .458(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)4.208 E(ameter)-.15 E F0
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E 3.314(nM)-.15 G(atching)-3.314 E F0(belo)3.314 E 4.614 -.65(w. I)-.25
H 3.314(ft).65 G .814(he pattern matches a trailing portion of the e)
-3.314 F .814(xpanded v)-.15 F .814(alue of)-.25 F F1(pa-)4.564 E -.15
-(ra)144 660 S(meter).15 E F0 3.816(,t).73 G 1.316
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-(`)-.74 E F2(%)A F0 2.565 -.74('' c)D 1.084
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+(`)-.74 E F2(%)A F0 2.564 -.74('' c)D 1.084
(ase\) or the longest matching pattern \(the `).74 F(`)-.74 E F2(%%)A F0
-2.564 -.74('' c)D 1.084(ase\) deleted.).74 F(If)6.084 E F1(par)145.25
-684 Q(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.389 E F2(@)2.659 E F0(or)2.659 E F2(*)2.659
-E F0 2.659(,t)C .159(he pattern remo)-2.659 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.659(lo)
-.25 G .16(peration is applied to each positional parameter in turn,)
--2.659 F .51(and the e)144 696 R .51(xpansion is the resultant list.)
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-(lo).25 G .422
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+(peration is applied to each positional parameter in turn,)-2.659 F .509
+(and the e)144 696 R .509(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 F(If)
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+(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F2(@)3.01 E F0(or)3.01 E F2(*)3.01 E F0
+(,)A .423(the pattern remo)144 708 R -.25(va)-.15 G 2.923(lo).25 G .422
(peration is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e)
--2.922 F .423(xpansion is)-.15 F(the resultant list.)144 720 Q
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(24)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
+-2.923 F .422(xpansion is)-.15 F(the resultant list.)144 720 Q
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(24)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 25 25
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
F2(//)A F1(pattern)A F2(/)A F1(string)A F0(})A(${)108 108 Q F1(par)A
(ameter)-.15 E F2(/#)A F1(pattern)A F2(/)A F1(string)A F0(})A(${)108 120
Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(/%)A F1(pattern)A F2(/)A F1(string)A F0(})A
-F2 -.1(Pa)144 132 S(tter).1 E 3.607(ns)-.15 G(ubstitution)-3.607 E F0
-6.107(.T)C(he)-6.107 E F1(pattern)3.607 E F0 1.107(is e)3.607 F 1.106
+F2 -.1(Pa)144 132 S(tter).1 E 3.606(ns)-.15 G(ubstitution)-3.606 E F0
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(xpanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname e)-.15 F(xpan-)-.15 E
-(sion.)144 144 Q F1 -.8(Pa)6.033 G -.15(ra).8 G(meter).15 E F0 1.033
-(is e)3.533 F 1.033(xpanded and the longest match of)-.15 F F1(pattern)
-3.533 E F0(ag)3.533 E 1.034(ainst its v)-.05 F 1.034
+(sion.)144 144 Q F1 -.8(Pa)6.034 G -.15(ra).8 G(meter).15 E F0 1.034
+(is e)3.534 F 1.033(xpanded and the longest match of)-.15 F F1(pattern)
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(alue is replaced with)-.25 F F1(string)144 156 Q F0(.)A F1(string)5.499
E F0(under)2.999 E .499(goes tilde e)-.18 F .499
(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .499(ariable e)-.25 F .499
(xpansion, arithmetic e)-.15 F(xpansion,)-.15 E 1.137
(command and process substitution, and quote remo)144 168 R -.25(va)-.15
G 3.637(l. The).25 F 1.137(match is performed using the rules)3.637 F
-.076(described under)144 180 R F2 -.1(Pa)2.576 G(tter).1 E 2.576(nM)-.15
-G(atching)-2.576 E F0(belo)2.576 E 3.876 -.65(w. I)-.25 H 2.575(nt).65 G
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+.075(described under)144 180 R F2 -.1(Pa)2.575 G(tter).1 E 2.575(nM)-.15
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(nly the \214rst match is replaced.)-2.575 F .48(If there are tw)144 192
R 2.98(os)-.1 G .48(lashes separating)-2.98 F F1(par)2.98 E(ameter)-.15
E F0(and)2.98 E F1(pattern)2.98 E F0 .48(\(the second form abo)2.98 F
--.15(ve)-.15 G .48(\), all matches of).15 F F1(pattern)144 204 Q F0 .375
-(are replaced with)2.875 F F1(string)2.874 E F0 5.374(.I)C(f)-5.374 E F1
+-.15(ve)-.15 G .48(\), all matches of).15 F F1(pattern)144 204 Q F0 .374
+(are replaced with)2.874 F F1(string)2.874 E F0 5.374(.I)C(f)-5.374 E F1
(pattern)2.874 E F0 .374(is preceded by)2.874 F F2(#)2.874 E F0 .374
-(\(the third form abo)2.874 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .374(\), it must match).15
-F .088(at the be)144 216 R .088(ginning of the e)-.15 F .088(xpanded v)
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+-5.088 E F1(pattern)2.588 E F0 .088(is preceded by)2.588 F F2(%)2.588 E
+F0 .088(\(the fourth form)2.588 F(abo)144 228 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G .315
(\), it must match at the end of the e).15 F .315(xpanded v)-.15 F .315
(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)2.815 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.315(.I)C 2.815(ft)
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-(are deleted.)2.898 F(If)5.398 E F1(string)2.898 E F0 .398
-(is null, matches of)2.898 F F1(pattern)2.898 E F0 .399
-(are deleted and the)2.899 F F2(/)2.899 E F0(fol-)2.899 E(lo)144 252 Q
+(is)2.815 E .399(null, matches of)144 240 R F1(pattern)2.899 E F0 .399
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+(is null, matches of)2.898 F F1(pattern)2.898 E F0 .398
+(are deleted and the)2.898 F F2(/)2.898 E F0(fol-)2.898 E(lo)144 252 Q
(wing)-.25 E F1(pattern)2.5 E F0(may be omitted.)2.5 E .95(If the)144
276 R F2(patsub_r)3.45 E(eplacement)-.18 E F0 .95
(shell option is enabled using)3.45 F F2(shopt)3.45 E F0 3.45(,a)C 1.25
-.15(ny u)-3.45 H .95(nquoted instances of).15 F F2(&)3.45 E F0(in)3.45
E F1(string)144 288 Q F0(are replaced with the matching portion of)2.5 E
-F1(pattern)2.5 E F0(.)A .749(Quoting an)144 312 R 3.249(yp)-.15 G .749
-(art of)-3.249 F F1(string)3.249 E F0 .749
-(inhibits replacement in the e)3.249 F .75
-(xpansion of the quoted portion, including)-.15 F .767
+F1(pattern)2.5 E F0(.)A .75(Quoting an)144 312 R 3.25(yp)-.15 G .75
+(art of)-3.25 F F1(string)3.25 E F0 .749(inhibits replacement in the e)
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(replacement strings stored in shell v)144 324 R 3.267
(ariables. Backslash)-.25 F .767(will escape)3.267 F F2(&)3.267 E F0(in)
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-(remo)144 336 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.668(di).15 G 2.668(no)-2.668 G .169
-(rder to permit a literal)-2.668 F F2(&)2.669 E F0 .169
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+(remo)144 336 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.669(di).15 G 2.669(no)-2.669 G .169
+(rder to permit a literal)-2.669 F F2(&)2.669 E F0 .169
(in the replacement string.)2.669 F .169
-(Backslash can also be used to es-)5.169 F 1.429(cape a backslash;)144
+(Backslash can also be used to es-)5.169 F 1.428(cape a backslash;)144
348 R F2(\\\\)3.928 E F0 1.428
(results in a literal backslash in the replacement.)3.928 F 1.428
-(Users should tak)6.428 F 3.928(ec)-.1 G 1.428(are if)-3.928 F F1
-(string)144 360 Q F0 .292(is double-quoted to a)2.791 F -.2(vo)-.2 G
+(Users should tak)6.428 F 3.929(ec)-.1 G 1.429(are if)-3.929 F F1
+(string)144 360 Q F0 .292(is double-quoted to a)2.792 F -.2(vo)-.2 G
.292(id unw).2 F .292
-(anted interactions between the backslash and double-quoting,)-.1 F .054
+(anted interactions between the backslash and double-quoting,)-.1 F .053
(since backslash has special meaning within double quotes.)144 372 R
--.15(Pa)5.053 G .053(ttern substitution performs the check).15 F .069
-(for unquoted)144 384 R F2(&)2.569 E F0 .069(after e)2.569 F(xpanding)
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-S 1.113(nt to be tak).1 F 1.112
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+(for unquoted)144 384 R F2(&)2.57 E F0 .07(after e)2.57 F(xpanding)-.15
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(en literally in the replacement and ensure an)-.1 F 3.612(yi)-.15 G
-1.112(nstances of)-3.612 F F2(&)3.612 E F0(the)3.612 E 3.612(yw)-.15 G
-1.112(ant to be re-)-3.712 F(placed are unquoted.)144 408 Q .686(If the)
-144 432 R F2(nocasematch)3.186 E F0 .687
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+1.113(ant to be re-)-3.713 F(placed are unquoted.)144 408 Q .687(If the)
+144 432 R F2(nocasematch)3.187 E F0 .687
(shell option is enabled, the match is performed without re)3.187 F -.05
(ga)-.15 G .687(rd to the case of).05 F .736(alphabetic characters.)144
444 R(If)5.736 E F1(par)4.486 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.966 E F2(@)3.236 E
F0(or)3.236 E F2(*)3.236 E F0 3.236(,t)C .736
-(he substitution operation is applied to each posi-)-3.236 F .654
+(he substitution operation is applied to each posi-)-3.236 F .655
(tional parameter in turn, and the e)144 456 R .654
-(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 F(If)5.655 E F1(par)4.405 E
-(ameter)-.15 E F0 .655(is an array v)3.885 F(ariable)-.25 E .348
-(subscripted with)144 468 R F2(@)2.848 E F0(or)2.848 E F2(*)2.848 E F0
-2.848(,t)C .348(he substitution operation is applied to each member of \
-the array in turn,)-2.848 F(and the e)144 480 Q
+(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 F(If)5.654 E F1(par)4.404 E
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(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E(${)108 496.8 Q F1(par)A(ameter)
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-(pattern)A F0(})A F2 .437(Case modi\214cation)144 544.8 R F0 5.437(.T)C
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(xpansion modi\214es the case of alphabetic characters in)-.15 F F1(par)
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(xpanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname e)-.15 F 2.874
-(xpansion. Each)-.15 F .373(character in the e)2.873 F(x-)-.15 E .513
-(panded v)144 568.8 R .513(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)3.013 E(ameter)-.15 E
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-(ve)144 580.8 S 2.823(rted. The).15 F .323
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--.15(ve)-.4 G(rts).15 E(lo)144 592.8 Q .18(wercase letters matching)-.25
-F F1(pattern)2.681 E F0 .181(to uppercase; the)2.681 F F2(,)2.681 E F0
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+(panded v)144 568.8 R .514(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)3.014 E(ameter)-.15 E
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+(ve)144 580.8 S 2.822(rted. The).15 F .323
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(rts matching uppercase letters).15 F .085(to lo)144 604.8 R 2.585
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-(alue; the)-.25 F F2(^)2.585 E F0(and)144 616.8 Q F2(,)3.59 E F0 -.15
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-(omitted, it is treated lik)144 628.8 R 3.621(ea)-.1 G F2(?)A F0 3.621
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--.15(ve)-.4 G(rted).15 E(to uppercase, if it is alphabetic.)180 120 Q F1
-(L)144 132 Q F0 .124(The e)180 132 R .124
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+(ve)-.4 G(rted).15 E(to uppercase, if it is alphabetic.)180 120 Q F1(L)
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(xpansion is a string that is the v)-.15 F .124(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)
-2.624 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .125(with uppercase alphabetic charac-)2.625 F
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(ters con)180 144 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(rted to lo).15 E(wercase.)-.25 E F1(Q)
-144 156 Q F0 1.065(The e)180 156 R 1.065
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(xpansion is a string that is the v)-.15 F 1.065(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)
-3.565 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.064(quoted in a format that can be)3.565 F
-(reused as input.)180 168 Q F1(E)144 180 Q F0 .44(The e)180 180 R .441
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(xpansion is a string that is the v)-.15 F .441(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)
-2.941 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .441(with backslash escape sequences)2.941 F
--.15(ex)180 192 S(panded as with the).15 E F1($'...)2.5 E(')-.55 E F0
-(quoting mechanism.)2.5 E F1(P)144 204 Q F0 1.073(The e)180 204 R 1.073
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(xpansion is a string that is the result of e)-.15 F 1.073
(xpanding the v)-.15 F 1.073(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)3.573 E(ameter)-.15 E
F0 1.073(as if it)3.573 F(were a prompt string \(see)180 216 Q F1(PR)2.5
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+E(OMPTING)-.3 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(A)144 228 Q F0 1.138(The e)
180 228 R 1.138
(xpansion is a string in the form of an assignment statement or)-.15 F
-F1(declar)3.638 E(e)-.18 E F0(command)3.638 E(that, if e)180 240 Q -.25
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(va)-.25 G(luated, will recreate).25 E F2(par)2.5 E(ameter)-.15 E F0
(with its attrib)2.5 E(utes and v)-.2 E(alue.)-.25 E F1(K)144 252 Q F0
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.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.757(da).15 G .257(nd associati)-2.757 F .557 -.15
(ve a)-.25 H .257(rrays as a sequence of quoted k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
-(-v).15 E .257(alue pairs \(see)-.25 F F1(Ar)2.758 E(-)-.37 E(rays)180
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276 Q F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(a)144 288 Q F0(The e)180
288 Q(xpansion is a string consisting of \215ag v)-.15 E
(alues representing)-.25 E F2(par)2.5 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.1 -.55('s a)D
-(ttrib).55 E(utes.)-.2 E F1(k)144 300 Q F0(Lik)180 300 Q 2.658(et)-.1 G
-.157(he K transformation, b)-2.658 F .157(ut e)-.2 F .157(xpands the k)
+(ttrib).55 E(utes.)-.2 E F1(k)144 300 Q F0(Lik)180 300 Q 2.657(et)-.1 G
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-(alues of inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.657(da).15 G .157(nd associati)
--2.657 F .457 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.2(r-).15 G(rays to separate w)180 312 Q
-(ords after w)-.1 E(ord splitting.)-.1 E(If)144 328.8 Q F2(par)4.402 E
-(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.882 E F1(@)3.152 E F0(or)3.152 E F1(*)3.153 E F0
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+(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.883 E F1(@)3.153 E F0(or)3.153 E F1(*)3.153 E F0
3.153(,t)C .653(he operation is applied to each positional parameter in\
turn, and the e)-3.153 F(x-)-.15 E .403(pansion is the resultant list.)
144 340.8 R(If)5.403 E F2(par)4.153 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .403
(is an array v)3.633 F .403(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F1(@)2.903 E
-F0(or)2.903 E F1(*)2.903 E F0 2.903(,t)C .402(he opera-)-2.903 F
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(tion is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e)144
352.8 Q(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E .708(The result of the e)
144 376.8 R .708(xpansion is subject to w)-.15 F .708
(ord splitting and pathname e)-.1 F .708(xpansion as described be-)-.15
F(lo)144 388.8 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G F1(Command Substitution)87 405.6 Q F2
-1.698(Command substitution)108 417.6 R F0(allo)4.198 E 1.697
-(ws the output of a command to replace the command name.)-.25 F 1.697
-(There are tw)6.697 F(o)-.1 E(forms:)108 429.6 Q F1($\()144 446.4 Q F2
+1.697(Command substitution)108 417.6 R F0(allo)4.197 E 1.697
+(ws the output of a command to replace the command name.)-.25 F 1.698
+(There are tw)6.698 F(o)-.1 E(forms:)108 429.6 Q F1($\()144 446.4 Q F2
(command)A F1(\))1.666 E F0(or)108 458.4 Q F1<92>144 470.4 Q F2(command)
-A F1<92>A(Bash)108 487.2 Q F0 .088(performs the e)2.588 F .088
-(xpansion by e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F2(command)2.588 E F0
-.089(in a subshell en)2.589 F .089(vironment and replacing the command)
+A F1<92>A(Bash)108 487.2 Q F0 .089(performs the e)2.589 F .089
+(xpansion by e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F2(command)2.589 E F0
+.088(in a subshell en)2.589 F .088(vironment and replacing the command)
-.4 F .41(substitution with the standard output of the command, with an)
108 499.2 R 2.91(yt)-.15 G .41(railing ne)-2.91 F .41(wlines deleted.)
--.25 F .41(Embedded ne)5.41 F(w-)-.25 E .191(lines are not deleted, b)
+-.25 F .41(Embedded ne)5.41 F(w-)-.25 E .192(lines are not deleted, b)
108 511.2 R .192(ut the)-.2 F 2.692(ym)-.15 G .192(ay be remo)-2.692 F
-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.692(dd).15 G .192(uring w)-2.692 F .192(ord splitting.)
--.1 F .192(The command substitution)5.192 F F1($\(cat)2.692 E F2(\214le)
-2.692 E F1(\))A F0(can be replaced by the equi)108 523.2 Q -.25(va)-.25
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G(lent b).25 E(ut f)-.2 E(aster)-.1 E F1($\(<)2.5 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F1
(\))A F0(.)A 1.724(When the old-style backquote form of substitution is\
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-.314(when follo)108 552 R .314(wed by)-.25 F F1($)2.814 E F0(,)A F1<92>
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-b-)-5.314 F 3.887(stitution. When)108 564 R 1.387(using the $\()3.887 F
-F2(command).833 E F0 3.887(\)f)1.666 G 1.386
-(orm, all characters between the parentheses mak)-3.887 F 3.886(eu)-.1 G
-3.886(pt)-3.886 G 1.386(he com-)-3.886 F
+b-)-5.315 F 3.886(stitution. When)108 564 R 1.386(using the $\()3.886 F
+F2(command).833 E F0 3.886(\)f)1.666 G 1.387
+(orm, all characters between the parentheses mak)-3.886 F 3.887(eu)-.1 G
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(mand; none are treated specially)108 576 Q(.)-.65 E .894
(Command substitutions may be nested.)108 592.8 R 2.494 -.8(To n)5.894 H
.894(est when using the backquoted form, escape the inner back-).8 F
(quotes with backslashes.)108 604.8 Q .422
(If the substitution appears within double quotes, w)108 621.6 R .422
-(ord splitting and pathname e)-.1 F .422(xpansion are not performed)-.15
+(ord splitting and pathname e)-.1 F .423(xpansion are not performed)-.15
F(on the results.)108 633.6 Q F1(Arithmetic Expansion)87 650.4 Q F0
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(ws the e)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.034(luation of an arithmetic e).25 F
-1.035(xpression and the substitution of the result.)-.15 F
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(The format for arithmetic e)108 674.4 Q(xpansion is:)-.15 E F1($\(\()
144 691.2 Q F2 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F1(\)\))A F0(The)108 708 Q
-F2 -.2(ex)2.736 G(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0(under)2.976 E .236
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(goes the same e)-.18 F .236
-(xpansions as if it were within double quotes, b)-.15 F .235
-(ut double quote charac-)-.2 F 2.799(ters in)108 720 R F2 -.2(ex)5.299 G
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-(If)5.879 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)108 124.8 S(pr).2 E(ession)
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-.37 E F0(is in)2.74 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid,).25 E/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
(bash)2.5 E F0(prints a message indicating f)2.5 E
(ailure and no substitution occurs.)-.1 E F4(Pr)87 141.6 Q
(ocess Substitution)-.18 E F3(Pr)108 153.6 Q .405(ocess substitution)
-.45 F F0(allo)2.905 E .405(ws a process')-.25 F 2.905(si)-.55 G .405
(nput or output to be referred to using a \214lename.)-2.905 F .405
-(It tak)5.405 F .405(es the form)-.1 F(of)108 165.6 Q F4(<\()3.25 E F3
-(list)A F4(\)).833 E F0(or)3.25 E F4(>\()3.25 E F3(list)A F4(\)).833 E
-F0 5.75(.T)C .751(he process)-5.75 F F3(list)3.251 E F0 .751
+(It tak)5.405 F .405(es the form)-.1 F(of)108 165.6 Q F4(<\()3.251 E F3
+(list)A F4(\)).833 E F0(or)3.251 E F4(>\()3.251 E F3(list)A F4(\)).833 E
+F0 5.751(.T)C .751(he process)-5.751 F F3(list)3.251 E F0 .751
(is run asynchronously)3.251 F 3.251(,a)-.65 G .751
-(nd its input or output appears as a \214lename.)-3.251 F .148
+(nd its input or output appears as a \214lename.)-3.251 F .147
(This \214lename is passed as an ar)108 177.6 R .148
-(gument to the current command as the result of the e)-.18 F 2.647
-(xpansion. If)-.15 F(the)2.647 E F4(>\()2.647 E F3(list)A F4(\)).833 E
-F0 .559(form is used, writing to the \214le will pro)108 189.6 R .559
+(gument to the current command as the result of the e)-.18 F 2.648
+(xpansion. If)-.15 F(the)2.648 E F4(>\()2.648 E F3(list)A F4(\)).833 E
+F0 .56(form is used, writing to the \214le will pro)108 189.6 R .56
(vide input for)-.15 F F3(list)3.059 E F0 5.559(.I)C 3.059(ft)-5.559 G
-(he)-3.059 E F4(<\()3.06 E F3(list)A F4(\)).833 E F0 .56
-(form is used, the \214le passed as an)3.06 F(ar)108 201.6 Q .309
+(he)-3.059 E F4(<\()3.059 E F3(list)A F4(\)).833 E F0 .559
+(form is used, the \214le passed as an)3.059 F(ar)108 201.6 Q .308
(gument should be read to obtain the output of)-.18 F F3(list)2.808 E F0
-5.308(.P)C .308(rocess substitution is supported on systems that sup-)
+5.308(.P)C .309(rocess substitution is supported on systems that sup-)
-5.308 F(port named pipes \()108 213.6 Q F3(FIFOs)A F0 2.5(\)o)C 2.5(rt)
-2.5 G(he)-2.5 E F4(/de)2.5 E(v/fd)-.15 E F0
-(method of naming open \214les.)2.5 E .896(When a)108 230.4 R -.25(va)
+(method of naming open \214les.)2.5 E .897(When a)108 230.4 R -.25(va)
-.2 G .896(ilable, process substitution is performed simultaneously wit\
-h parameter and v).25 F .897(ariable e)-.25 F(xpansion,)-.15 E
+h parameter and v).25 F .896(ariable e)-.25 F(xpansion,)-.15 E
(command substitution, and arithmetic e)108 242.4 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F4
--.75(Wo)87 259.2 S(rd Splitting).75 E F0 1.143
-(The shell scans the results of parameter e)108 271.2 R 1.142
-(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 1.142
+-.75(Wo)87 259.2 S(rd Splitting).75 E F0 1.142
+(The shell scans the results of parameter e)108 271.2 R 1.143
+(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 1.143
(xpansion that)-.15 F(did not occur within double quotes for)108 283.2 Q
F3(wor)2.84 E 2.5(ds)-.37 G(plitting)-2.5 E F0(.).22 E .063
(The shell treats each character of)108 300 R F1(IFS)2.563 E F0 .063
(nd splits the results of the other e)-2.563 F .063(xpansions into w)
-.15 F(ords)-.1 E .207(using these characters as \214eld terminators.)
108 312 R(If)5.207 E F1(IFS)2.707 E F0 .207(is unset, or its v)2.457 F
-.207(alue is e)-.25 F(xactly)-.15 E F4(<space><tab><newline>)2.707 E F0
-(,)A .836(the def)108 324 R .836(ault, then sequences of)-.1 F F4
-(<space>)3.336 E F0(,)A F4(<tab>)3.336 E F0 3.336(,a)C(nd)-3.336 E F4
-(<newline>)3.336 E F0 .837(at the be)3.336 F .837
-(ginning and end of the results of)-.15 F .346(the pre)108 336 R .345
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+(,)A .837(the def)108 324 R .837(ault, then sequences of)-.1 F F4
+(<space>)3.337 E F0(,)A F4(<tab>)3.337 E F0 3.337(,a)C(nd)-3.337 E F4
+(<newline>)3.337 E F0 .836(at the be)3.336 F .836
+(ginning and end of the results of)-.15 F .345(the pre)108 336 R .345
(vious e)-.25 F .345(xpansions are ignored, and an)-.15 F 2.845(ys)-.15
G .345(equence of)-2.845 F F1(IFS)2.845 E F0 .345
(characters not at the be)2.595 F .345(ginning or end serv)-.15 F(es)
--.15 E 1.236(to delimit w)108 348 R 3.736(ords. If)-.1 F F1(IFS)3.736 E
-F0 1.236(has a v)3.486 F 1.236(alue other than the def)-.25 F 1.237
+-.15 E 1.237(to delimit w)108 348 R 3.737(ords. If)-.1 F F1(IFS)3.737 E
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(ault, then sequences of the whitespace characters)-.1 F F4(space)108
-360 Q F0(,)A F4(tab)2.507 E F0 2.507(,a)C(nd)-2.507 E F4(newline)2.507 E
-F0 .007(are ignored at the be)2.507 F .006(ginning and end of the w)-.15
-F .006(ord, as long as the whitespace charac-)-.1 F .92(ter is in the v)
-108 372 R .92(alue of)-.25 F F1(IFS)3.42 E F0(\(an)3.17 E F1(IFS)3.42 E
-F0 .92(whitespace character\).)3.17 F(An)5.92 E 3.42(yc)-.15 G .92
-(haracter in)-3.42 F F1(IFS)3.42 E F0 .921(that is not)3.17 F F1(IFS)
-3.421 E F0(whitespace,)3.171 E .429(along with an)108 384 R 2.928(ya)
--.15 G(djacent)-2.928 E F1(IFS)2.928 E F0 .428
+360 Q F0(,)A F4(tab)2.506 E F0 2.506(,a)C(nd)-2.506 E F4(newline)2.506 E
+F0 .006(are ignored at the be)2.506 F .006(ginning and end of the w)-.15
+F .007(ord, as long as the whitespace charac-)-.1 F .921
+(ter is in the v)108 372 R .92(alue of)-.25 F F1(IFS)3.42 E F0(\(an)3.17
+E F1(IFS)3.42 E F0 .92(whitespace character\).)3.17 F(An)5.92 E 3.42(yc)
+-.15 G .92(haracter in)-3.42 F F1(IFS)3.42 E F0 .92(that is not)3.17 F
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+(ya)-.15 G(djacent)-2.928 E F1(IFS)2.928 E F0 .428
(whitespace characters, delimits a \214eld.)2.678 F 2.928(As)5.428 G
-.428(equence of)-2.928 F F1(IFS)2.928 E F0 .428(whitespace charac-)2.678
+.428(equence of)-2.928 F F1(IFS)2.928 E F0 .429(whitespace charac-)2.679
F(ters is also treated as a delimiter)108 396 Q 5(.I)-.55 G 2.5(ft)-5 G
(he v)-2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F1(IFS)2.5 E F0(is null, no w)2.25 E
-(ord splitting occurs.)-.1 E .782(Explicit null ar)108 412.8 R .782
+(ord splitting occurs.)-.1 E .783(Explicit null ar)108 412.8 R .783
(guments \()-.18 F F4 .833("").833 G F0(or)2.449 E F4 .833<0808>4.115 G
F0 3.282(\)a)C .782
-(re retained and passed to commands as empty strings.)-3.282 F .783
-(Unquoted im-)5.783 F .179(plicit null ar)108 424.8 R .179
+(re retained and passed to commands as empty strings.)-3.282 F .782
+(Unquoted im-)5.782 F .178(plicit null ar)108 424.8 R .179
(guments, resulting from the e)-.18 F .179
(xpansion of parameters that ha)-.15 F .479 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.679(ov).15
-G .179(alues, are remo)-2.929 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.678(d. If).15 F 2.678
-(ap)2.678 G(a-)-2.678 E .318(rameter with no v)108 436.8 R .319
+G .179(alues, are remo)-2.929 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.679(d. If).15 F 2.679
+(ap)2.679 G(a-)-2.679 E .319(rameter with no v)108 436.8 R .319
(alue is e)-.25 F .319(xpanded within double quotes, a null ar)-.15 F
-.319(gument results and is retained and passed)-.18 F .001
-(to a command as an empty string.)108 448.8 R .001
-(When a quoted null ar)5.001 F(gument appears as part of a w)-.18 E
-(ord whose e)-.1 E(xpansion)-.15 E .983(is non-null, the null ar)108
-460.8 R .983(gument is remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.483(d. That).15 F
-.983(is, the w)3.483 F(ord)-.1 E/F5 10/Courier@0 SF -5.167<ad64082008>
-3.483 F F0(becomes)3.484 E F5<ad64>3.484 E F0 .984(after w)3.484 F .984
+.319(gument results and is retained and passed)-.18 F
+(to a command as an empty string.)108 448.8 Q(When a quoted null ar)5 E
+.001(gument appears as part of a w)-.18 F .001(ord whose e)-.1 F
+(xpansion)-.15 E .984(is non-null, the null ar)108 460.8 R .984
+(gument is remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.483(d. That).15 F .983
+(is, the w)3.483 F(ord)-.1 E/F5 10/Courier@0 SF -5.167<ad64082008>3.483
+F F0(becomes)3.483 E F5<ad64>3.483 E F0 .983(after w)3.483 F .983
(ord splitting and)-.1 F(null ar)108 472.8 Q(gument remo)-.18 E -.25(va)
-.15 G(l.).25 E(Note that if no e)108 489.6 Q
(xpansion occurs, no splitting is performed.)-.15 E F4 -.1(Pa)87 506.4 S
-(thname Expansion).1 E F0 .371(After w)108 518.4 R .371
-(ord splitting, unless the)-.1 F F4<ad66>2.871 E F0 .371
-(option has been set,)2.871 F F4(bash)2.871 E F0 .37(scans each w)2.87 F
-.37(ord for the characters)-.1 F F4(*)2.87 E F0(,)A F4(?)2.87 E F0 2.87
-(,a)C(nd)-2.87 E F4([)2.87 E F0(.)A .633
+(thname Expansion).1 E F0 .37(After w)108 518.4 R .37
+(ord splitting, unless the)-.1 F F4<ad66>2.87 E F0 .37
+(option has been set,)2.87 F F4(bash)2.87 E F0 .371(scans each w)2.871 F
+.371(ord for the characters)-.1 F F4(*)2.871 E F0(,)A F4(?)2.871 E F0
+2.871(,a)C(nd)-2.871 E F4([)2.871 E F0(.)A .634
(If one of these characters appears, and is not quoted, then the w)108
-530.4 R .634(ord is re)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .634(rded as a).05 F F3
-(pattern)4.384 E F0 3.134(,a).24 G .634(nd replaced)-3.134 F 1.34(with \
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+(pattern)4.383 E F0 3.133(,a).24 G .633(nd replaced)-3.133 F 1.34(with \
an alphabetically sorted list of \214lenames matching the pattern \(see)
108 542.4 R F1 -.09(Pa)3.84 G(tter).09 E 3.59(nM)-.135 G(atching)-3.59 E
-F0(belo)3.589 E 3.839(w\). If)-.25 F(no)3.839 E .534
+F0(belo)3.59 E 3.84(w\). If)-.25 F(no)3.84 E .534
(matching \214lenames are found, and the shell option)108 554.4 R F4
(nullglob)3.034 E F0 .534(is not enabled, the w)3.034 F .534
-(ord is left unchanged.)-.1 F(If)5.535 E(the)108 566.4 Q F4(nullglob)
-3.285 E F0 .785(option is set, and no matches are found, the w)3.285 F
-.785(ord is remo)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.285(d. If).15 F(the)3.284 E F4
-(failglob)3.284 E F0 .784(shell option is)3.284 F .754(set, and no matc\
+(ord is left unchanged.)-.1 F(If)5.534 E(the)108 566.4 Q F4(nullglob)
+3.284 E F0 .785(option is set, and no matches are found, the w)3.284 F
+.785(ord is remo)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.285(d. If).15 F(the)3.285 E F4
+(failglob)3.285 E F0 .785(shell option is)3.285 F .754(set, and no matc\
hes are found, an error message is printed and the command is not e)108
-578.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.255(cuted. If).15 F .755(the shell)3.255 F
-(option)108 590.4 Q F4(nocaseglob)3.264 E F0 .763
-(is enabled, the match is performed without re)3.264 F -.05(ga)-.15 G
-.763(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 F .039
+578.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.254(cuted. If).15 F .754(the shell)3.254 F
+(option)108 590.4 Q F4(nocaseglob)3.263 E F0 .763
+(is enabled, the match is performed without re)3.263 F -.05(ga)-.15 G
+.764(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 F .039
(When a pattern is used for pathname e)108 602.4 R .039
(xpansion, the character)-.15 F F4 -.63(``)2.539 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08
E F0 .039(at the start of a name or immediately fol-)5.039 F(lo)108
-614.4 Q .191(wing a slash must be matched e)-.25 F(xplicitly)-.15 E
-2.691(,u)-.65 G .191(nless the shell option)-2.691 F F4(dotglob)2.69 E
-F0 .19(is set.)2.69 F .19(In order to match the \214le-)5.19 F(names)108
-626.4 Q F4 -.63(``)3.644 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)6.144 E F4 -.63
-(``)3.644 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 3.644(,t).63 G 1.145
-(he pattern must be)-3.644 F 1.145(gin with `)-.15 F(`.)-.74 E 2.625
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+(,u)-.65 G .19(nless the shell option)-2.69 F F4(dotglob)2.691 E F0 .191
+(is set.)2.691 F .191(In order to match the \214le-)5.191 F(names)108
+626.4 Q F4 -.63(``)3.645 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)6.145 E F4 -.63
+(``)3.645 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 3.645(,t).63 G 1.145
+(he pattern must be)-3.645 F 1.145(gin with `)-.15 F(`.)-.74 E 2.625
-.74('' \()-.7 H 1.145(for e).74 F 1.145(xample, `)-.15 F(`.?')-.74 E
1.145('\), e)-.74 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.645(ni).15 G(f)-3.645 E F4(dotglob)
-3.645 E F0 1.145(is set.)3.645 F 1.145(If the)6.145 F F4(globskipdots)
-108 638.4 Q F0 .154(shell option is enabled, the \214lenames)2.654 F F4
--.63(``)2.654 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)5.154 E F4 -.63(``)2.654 G
-(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 .153(are ne)5.783 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.653(rm)
-.15 G .153(atched, e)-2.653 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.653(ni).15 G 2.653(ft)
--2.653 G .153(he pattern be-)-2.653 F .12(gins with a)108 650.4 R F4
+3.644 E F0 1.144(is set.)3.644 F 1.144(If the)6.144 F F4(globskipdots)
+108 638.4 Q F0 .153(shell option is enabled, the \214lenames)2.653 F F4
+-.63(``)2.653 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)5.153 E F4 -.63(``)2.654 G
+(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 .154(are ne)5.784 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.654(rm)
+.15 G .154(atched, e)-2.654 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.654(ni).15 G 2.654(ft)
+-2.654 G .154(he pattern be-)-2.654 F .12(gins with a)108 650.4 R F4
-.63(``)2.62 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 5.12(.W)C .12
(hen not matching pathnames, the)-5.12 F F4 -.63(``)2.62 G -.55(.').63 G
(')-.08 E F0 .12(character is not treated specially)5.12 F 5.12(.W)-.65
-G .12(hen matching)-5.12 F 3.541(ap)108 662.4 S 1.041
-(athname, the slash character must al)-3.541 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.041
-(ys be matched e).1 F 1.04(xplicitly by a slash in the pattern, b)-.15 F
-1.04(ut in other)-.2 F .131(matching conte)108 674.4 R .132
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+(athname, the slash character must al)-3.54 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.04
+(ys be matched e).1 F 1.041(xplicitly by a slash in the pattern, b)-.15
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(xts it can be matched by a special pattern character as described belo)
--.15 F 2.632(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.632 E F1 -.09(Pa)2.632 G(tter).09 E 2.382
-(nM)-.135 G(atch-)-2.382 E(ing)108 686.4 Q F2(.)A F0 .606
-(See the description of)5.106 F F4(shopt)3.106 E F0(belo)3.106 E 3.106
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+(nM)-.135 G(atch-)-2.381 E(ing)108 686.4 Q F2(.)A F0 .605
+(See the description of)5.105 F F4(shopt)3.105 E F0(belo)3.105 E 3.106
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-(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .605(for a description of the)2.855 F F4(no-)
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-2.561 E F0 .061(shell v)2.311 F .061
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(ariable may be used to restrict the set of \214le names matching a)-.25
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(BIGNORE)108 727.2 Q F0 2.015(is set, each matching \214le name that al\
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(remo)108 84 Q -.15
-(ve)-.15 G 3.914(df).15 G 1.414(rom the list of matches.)-3.914 F 1.415
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(If the)6.415 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(nocaseglob)3.915 E F0 1.415
-(option is set, the matching ag)3.915 F 1.415(ainst the patterns in)-.05
-F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(GLOBIGNORE)108 96 Q F0 .147
-(is performed without re)2.397 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .147(rd to case.).05 F
+(option is set, the matching ag)3.915 F 1.414(ainst the patterns in)-.05
+F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(GLOBIGNORE)108 96 Q F0 .146
+(is performed without re)2.396 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .146(rd to case.).05 F
.146(The \214lenames)5.146 F F1 -.63(``)2.646 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E
-F0(and)5.146 E F1 -.63(``)2.646 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 .146
-(are al)5.776 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .146(ys ignored when).1 F F2(GLOBIGNORE)108
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108 Q F0 .827(is set and not null.)3.077 F(Ho)5.827 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 1.627 -.4(r, s).15 H(etting).4 E F2(GLOBIGNORE)3.327 E F0 .827
(to a non-null v)3.077 F .827(alue has the ef)-.25 F .827(fect of)-.25 F
-.683(enabling the)108 120 R F1(dotglob)3.183 E F0 .682
-(shell option, so all other \214lenames be)3.183 F .682(ginning with a)
+.682(enabling the)108 120 R F1(dotglob)3.182 E F0 .682
+(shell option, so all other \214lenames be)3.182 F .682(ginning with a)
-.15 F F1 -.63(``)3.182 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 .682(will match.)
-5.682 F 2.282 -.8(To g)5.682 H .682(et the old).8 F(beha)108 132 Q 1.184
-(vior of ignoring \214lenames be)-.2 F 1.184(ginning with a)-.15 F F1
+5.682 F 2.283 -.8(To g)5.683 H .683(et the old).8 F(beha)108 132 Q 1.185
+(vior of ignoring \214lenames be)-.2 F 1.185(ginning with a)-.15 F F1
-.63(``)3.684 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 3.684(,m)C(ak)-3.684 E(e)-.1 E
-F1 -.63(``)3.684 G(.*').63 E(')-.63 E F0 1.185(one of the patterns in)
-6.185 F F2(GLOBIGNORE)3.685 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(The)108 144 Q
-F1(dotglob)3.132 E F0 .632(option is disabled when)3.132 F F2
-(GLOBIGNORE)3.132 E F0 .632(is unset.)2.882 F .631
+F1 -.63(``)3.684 G(.*').63 E(')-.63 E F0 1.184(one of the patterns in)
+6.184 F F2(GLOBIGNORE)3.684 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(The)108 144 Q
+F1(dotglob)3.131 E F0 .631(option is disabled when)3.131 F F2
+(GLOBIGNORE)3.132 E F0 .632(is unset.)2.882 F .632
(The pattern matching honors the setting of)5.632 F(the)108 156 Q F1
(extglob)2.5 E F0(shell option.)2.5 E F1 -.1(Pa)108 172.8 S(tter).1 E
2.5(nM)-.15 G(atching)-2.5 E F0(An)108 189.6 Q 3.138(yc)-.15 G .638(har\
acter that appears in a pattern, other than the special pattern charact\
-ers described belo)-3.138 F 1.938 -.65(w, m)-.25 H(atches).65 E 2.722
+ers described belo)-3.138 F 1.938 -.65(w, m)-.25 H(atches).65 E 2.721
(itself. The)108 201.6 R .221(NUL character may not occur in a pattern.)
-2.722 F 2.721(Ab)5.221 G .221(ackslash escapes the follo)-2.721 F .221
+2.721 F 2.721(Ab)5.221 G .221(ackslash escapes the follo)-2.721 F .222
(wing character; the es-)-.25 F .418
(caping backslash is discarded when matching.)108 213.6 R .418
-(The special pattern characters must be quoted if the)5.418 F 2.919(ya)
--.15 G .419(re to)-2.919 F(be matched literally)108 225.6 Q(.)-.65 E
+(The special pattern characters must be quoted if the)5.418 F 2.918(ya)
+-.15 G .418(re to)-2.918 F(be matched literally)108 225.6 Q(.)-.65 E
(The special pattern characters ha)108 242.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
-(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1(*)144 259.2 Q F0 .377
-(Matches an)180 259.2 R 2.877(ys)-.15 G .376
-(tring, including the null string.)-2.877 F .376(When the)5.376 F F1
-(globstar)2.876 E F0 .376(shell option is enabled,)2.876 F(and)180 271.2
+(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1(*)144 259.2 Q F0 .376
+(Matches an)180 259.2 R 2.876(ys)-.15 G .376
+(tring, including the null string.)-2.876 F .376(When the)5.376 F F1
+(globstar)2.876 E F0 .377(shell option is enabled,)2.876 F(and)180 271.2
Q F1(*)3.275 E F0 .775(is used in a pathname e)3.275 F .775
(xpansion conte)-.15 F .775(xt, tw)-.15 F 3.275(oa)-.1 G(djacent)-3.275
E F1(*)3.275 E F0 3.275(su)C .775(sed as a single pattern)-3.275 F 1.058
F0(,)A(tw)180 295.2 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G(djacent)-2.5 E F1(*)2.5 E F0 2.5(sw)C
(ill match only directories and subdirectories.)-2.5 E F1(?)144 307.2 Q
F0(Matches an)180 307.2 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(ingle character)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E
-F1([...])144 319.2 Q F0 .578(Matches an)180 319.2 R 3.078(yo)-.15 G .578
-(ne of the enclosed characters.)-3.078 F 3.079(Ap)5.579 G .579
-(air of characters separated by a h)-3.079 F(yphen)-.05 E .685
-(denotes a)180 331.2 R/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ra)3.185 G(ng).15 E
+F1([...])144 319.2 Q F0 .579(Matches an)180 319.2 R 3.079(yo)-.15 G .579
+(ne of the enclosed characters.)-3.079 F 3.079(Ap)5.579 G .578
+(air of characters separated by a h)-3.079 F(yphen)-.05 E .684
+(denotes a)180 331.2 R/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ra)3.184 G(ng).15 E
3.184(ee)-.1 G(xpr)-3.384 E(ession)-.37 E F0 3.184(;a)C .984 -.15(ny c)
-3.184 H .684(haracter that f).15 F .684(alls between those tw)-.1 F
-3.184(oc)-.1 G .684(haracters, inclu-)-3.184 F(si)180 343.2 Q -.15(ve)
--.25 G 3.712(,u).15 G 1.212(sing the current locale')-3.712 F 3.712(sc)
+3.185(oc)-.1 G .685(haracters, inclu-)-3.185 F(si)180 343.2 Q -.15(ve)
+-.25 G 3.713(,u).15 G 1.213(sing the current locale')-3.713 F 3.712(sc)
-.55 G 1.212(ollating sequence and character set, is matched.)-3.712 F
-1.213(If the)6.213 F 1.124(\214rst character follo)180 355.2 R 1.124
-(wing the)-.25 F F1([)3.624 E F0 1.124(is a)3.624 F F1(!)3.624 E F0
-1.124(or a)6.124 F F1(^)3.623 E F0 1.123(then an)3.623 F 3.623(yc)-.15 G
-1.123(haracter not enclosed is matched.)-3.623 F .894
-(The sorting order of characters in range e)180 367.2 R .895
-(xpressions is determined by the current locale)-.15 F .376(and the v)
-180 379.2 R .376(alues of the)-.25 F F2(LC_COLLA)2.875 E(TE)-.855 E F0
-(or)2.625 E F2(LC_ALL)2.875 E F0 .375(shell v)2.625 F .375
-(ariables, if set.)-.25 F 1.975 -.8(To o)5.375 H .375(btain the tra-).8
-F .067(ditional interpretation of range e)180 391.2 R .067
-(xpressions, where)-.15 F F1([a\255d])2.567 E F0 .068(is equi)2.568 F
--.25(va)-.25 G .068(lent to).25 F F1([abcd])2.568 E F0 2.568(,s)C .068
-(et v)-2.568 F(alue)-.25 E .157(of the)180 403.2 R F1(LC_ALL)2.657 E F0
-.157(shell v)2.657 F .157(ariable to)-.25 F F1(C)2.657 E F0 2.657(,o)C
-2.657(re)-2.657 G .157(nable the)-2.657 F F1(globasciiranges)2.657 E F0
-.156(shell option.)2.656 F(A)5.156 E F1<ad>2.656 E F0(may)2.656 E .193(\
-be matched by including it as the \214rst or last character in the set.)
-180 415.2 R(A)5.193 E F1(])2.693 E F0 .194(may be matched by)2.693 F
-(including it as the \214rst character in the set.)180 427.2 Q -.4(Wi)
-180 445.2 S(thin).4 E F1([)3.071 E F0(and)3.071 E F1(])3.071 E F0(,)A F4
--.15(ch)3.071 G(ar).15 E .571(acter classes)-.15 F F0 .571
-(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)3.071 F F1([:)3.07 E F4(class)A F1
-(:])A F0 3.07(,w)C(here)-3.07 E F4(class)3.07 E F0(is one of the follo)
-180 457.2 Q(wing classes de\214ned in the POSIX standard:)-.25 E F1
-5.889(alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lo)180 469.2 R 5.889
-(wer print punct space up-)-.1 F 5(per w)180 481.2 R 5(ord xdigit)-.1 F
-F0 4.29(Ac)180 493.2 S 1.789(haracter class matches an)-4.29 F 4.289(yc)
+1.212(If the)6.212 F 1.123(\214rst character follo)180 355.2 R 1.123
+(wing the)-.25 F F1([)3.623 E F0 1.123(is a)3.623 F F1(!)3.623 E F0
+1.124(or a)6.123 F F1(^)3.624 E F0 1.124(then an)3.624 F 3.624(yc)-.15 G
+1.124(haracter not enclosed is matched.)-3.624 F 1.045
+(The sorting order of characters in range e)180 367.2 R 1.044
+(xpressions, and the characters included in the)-.15 F 2.34
+(range, are determined by the current locale and the v)180 379.2 R 2.341
+(alues of the)-.25 F F2(LC_COLLA)4.841 E(TE)-.855 E F0(or)4.591 E F2
+(LC_ALL)180 391.2 Q F0 1.079(shell v)3.329 F 1.079(ariables, if set.)
+-.25 F 2.679 -.8(To o)6.079 H 1.079
+(btain the traditional interpretation of range e).8 F(xpres-)-.15 E .392
+(sions, where)180 403.2 R F1([a\255d])2.892 E F0 .392(is equi)2.892 F
+-.25(va)-.25 G .392(lent to).25 F F1([abcd])2.893 E F0 2.893(,s)C .393
+(et v)-2.893 F .393(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LC_ALL)2.893 E F0 .393
+(shell v)2.893 F .393(ariable to)-.25 F F1(C)2.893 E F0(,)A .9
+(or enable the)180 415.2 R F1(globasciiranges)3.4 E F0 .9(shell option.)
+3.4 F(A)5.899 E F1<ad>3.399 E F0 .899
+(may be matched by including it as the)3.399 F .405
+(\214rst or last character in the set.)180 427.2 R(A)5.405 E F1(])2.905
+E F0 .405(may be matched by including it as the \214rst character)2.905
+F(in the set.)180 439.2 Q -.4(Wi)180 457.2 S(thin).4 E F1([)3.071 E F0
+(and)3.071 E F1(])3.071 E F0(,)A F4 -.15(ch)3.071 G(ar).15 E .571
+(acter classes)-.15 F F0 .571(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)3.071
+F F1([:)3.07 E F4(class)A F1(:])A F0 3.07(,w)C(here)-3.07 E F4(class)
+3.07 E F0(is one of the follo)180 469.2 Q
+(wing classes de\214ned in the POSIX standard:)-.25 E F1 5.889
+(alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lo)180 481.2 R 5.889
+(wer print punct space up-)-.1 F 5(per w)180 493.2 R 5(ord xdigit)-.1 F
+F0 4.29(Ac)180 505.2 S 1.789(haracter class matches an)-4.29 F 4.289(yc)
-.15 G 1.789(haracter belonging to that class.)-4.289 F(The)6.789 E F1
-.1(wo)4.289 G(rd).1 E F0(character)4.289 E
-(class matches letters, digits, and the character _.)180 505.2 Q -.4(Wi)
-180 523.2 S(thin).4 E F1([)4.536 E F0(and)4.536 E F1(])4.536 E F0 4.536
+(class matches letters, digits, and the character _.)180 517.2 Q -.4(Wi)
+180 535.2 S(thin).4 E F1([)4.536 E F0(and)4.536 E F1(])4.536 E F0 4.536
(,a)C(n)-4.536 E F4 2.036(equivalence class)4.536 F F0 2.037
(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)4.536 F F1([=)4.537 E F4(c)A F1(=])
A F0 4.537(,w)C(hich)-4.537 E .125(matches all characters with the same\
- collation weight \(as de\214ned by the current locale\) as)180 535.2 R
-(the character)180 547.2 Q F4(c)2.5 E F0(.)A -.4(Wi)180 565.2 S(thin).4
+ collation weight \(as de\214ned by the current locale\) as)180 547.2 R
+(the character)180 559.2 Q F4(c)2.5 E F0(.)A -.4(Wi)180 577.2 S(thin).4
E F1([)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(])2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he syntax)-2.5 E F1([.)
2.5 E F4(symbol)A F1(.])A F0(matches the collating symbol)2.5 E F4
-(symbol)2.5 E F0(.)A .539(If the)108 582 R F1(extglob)3.039 E F0 .539
+(symbol)2.5 E F0(.)A .539(If the)108 594 R F1(extglob)3.039 E F0 .539
(shell option is enabled using the)3.039 F F1(shopt)3.039 E F0 -.2(bu)
3.039 G .54(iltin, the shell recognizes se).2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .54
-(ral e).15 F .54(xtended pattern)-.15 F .038(matching operators.)108 594
+(ral e).15 F .54(xtended pattern)-.15 F .038(matching operators.)108 606
R .038(In the follo)5.038 F .038(wing description, a)-.25 F F4
(pattern-list)2.538 E F0 .037
-(is a list of one or more patterns separated by)2.538 F(a)108 606 Q F1
+(is a list of one or more patterns separated by)2.538 F(a)108 618 Q F1
(|)2.5 E F0 5(.C)C
(omposite patterns may be formed using one or more of the follo)-5 E
-(wing sub-patterns:)-.25 E F1(?\()144 630 Q F4(pattern-list).833 E F1
-(\)).833 E F0(Matches zero or one occurrence of the gi)180 642 Q -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(*\()144 654 Q F4(pattern-list)
+(wing sub-patterns:)-.25 E F1(?\()144 642 Q F4(pattern-list).833 E F1
+(\)).833 E F0(Matches zero or one occurrence of the gi)180 654 Q -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(*\()144 666 Q F4(pattern-list)
.833 E F1(\)).833 E F0(Matches zero or more occurrences of the gi)180
-666 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(+\()144 678 Q F4
+678 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(+\()144 690 Q F4
(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E F0
-(Matches one or more occurrences of the gi)180 690 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
-(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(@\()144 702 Q F4(pattern-list).833 E F1(\))
-.833 E F0(Matches one of the gi)180 714 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G
-(atterns)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(28)193.45 E
-0 Cg EP
+(Matches one or more occurrences of the gi)180 702 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
+(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(28)
+199.835 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 29 29
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(!\()144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E
-F0(Matches an)180 96 Q(ything e)-.15 E(xcept one of the gi)-.15 E -.15
+SF(@\()144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E
+F0(Matches one of the gi)180 96 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)
+-2.5 E F1(!\()144 108 Q F2(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E F0
+(Matches an)180 120 Q(ything e)-.15 E(xcept one of the gi)-.15 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E .988
-(When matching \214lenames, the)108 112.8 R F1(dotglob)3.488 E F0 .988
+(When matching \214lenames, the)108 136.8 R F1(dotglob)3.488 E F0 .988
(shell option determines the set of \214lenames that are tested: when)
-3.488 F F1(dotglob)108 124.8 Q F0 1.392
+3.488 F F1(dotglob)108 148.8 Q F0 1.392
(is enabled, the set of \214lenames includes all \214les be)3.892 F
1.392(ginning with `)-.15 F(`.)-.74 E -.74('')-.7 G 3.891(,b).74 G 1.391
(ut `)-4.091 F(`.)-.74 E 2.871 -.74('' a)-.7 H 1.391(nd `).74 F(`..)-.74
E 2.871 -.74('' m)-.7 H 1.391(ust be).74 F .298
-(matched by a pattern or sub-pattern that be)108 136.8 R .298
+(matched by a pattern or sub-pattern that be)108 160.8 R .298
(gins with a dot; when it is disabled, the set does not include an)-.15
-F(y)-.15 E .328(\214lenames be)108 148.8 R .328(ginning with `)-.15 F
+F(y)-.15 E .328(\214lenames be)108 172.8 R .328(ginning with `)-.15 F
(`.)-.74 E 1.808 -.74('' u)-.7 H .327
(nless the pattern or sub-pattern be).74 F .327(gins with a `)-.15 F(`.)
-.74 E -.74('')-.7 G 5.327(.A).74 G 2.827(sa)-5.327 G(bo)-2.827 E -.15
(ve)-.15 G 2.827(,`).15 G(`.)-3.567 E 1.807 -.74('' o)-.7 H .327
-(nly has a).74 F(special meaning when matching \214lenames.)108 160.8 Q
-.968(Complicated e)108 177.6 R .968(xtended pattern matching ag)-.15 F
+(nly has a).74 F(special meaning when matching \214lenames.)108 184.8 Q
+.968(Complicated e)108 201.6 R .968(xtended pattern matching ag)-.15 F
.968(ainst long strings is slo)-.05 F 2.269 -.65(w, e)-.25 H .969
(specially when the patterns contain).65 F .091
-(alternations and the strings contain multiple matches.)108 189.6 R .091
+(alternations and the strings contain multiple matches.)108 213.6 R .091
(Using separate matches ag)5.091 F .09(ainst shorter strings, or us-)
-.05 F(ing arrays of strings instead of a single long string, may be f)
-108 201.6 Q(aster)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1(Quote Remo)87 218.4 Q -.1(va)-.1 G
-(l).1 E F0 1.112(After the preceding e)108 230.4 R 1.112
+108 225.6 Q(aster)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1(Quote Remo)87 242.4 Q -.1(va)-.1 G
+(l).1 E F0 1.112(After the preceding e)108 254.4 R 1.112
(xpansions, all unquoted occurrences of the characters)-.15 F F1(\\)
3.613 E F0(,)A F1<08>3.613 E F0 3.613(,a)C(nd)-3.613 E F1(")4.446 E F0
-1.113(that did not result)4.446 F(from one of the abo)108 242.4 Q .3
+1.113(that did not result)4.446 F(from one of the abo)108 266.4 Q .3
-.15(ve ex)-.15 H(pansions are remo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E/F3
-10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(REDIRECTION)72 259.2 Q F0 .545
-(Before a command is e)108 271.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .545
+10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(REDIRECTION)72 283.2 Q F0 .545
+(Before a command is e)108 295.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .545
(cuted, its input and output may be).15 F F2 -.37(re)3.045 G(dir).37 E
(ected)-.37 E F0 .545(using a special notation interpreted)3.815 F .428
-(by the shell.)108 283.2 R F2(Redir)5.428 E(ection)-.37 E F0(allo)2.928
+(by the shell.)108 307.2 R F2(Redir)5.428 E(ection)-.37 E F0(allo)2.928
E .428(ws commands' \214le handles to be duplicated, opened, closed, ma\
-de to refer to)-.25 F(dif)108 295.2 Q 1.02(ferent \214les, and can chan\
+de to refer to)-.25 F(dif)108 319.2 Q 1.02(ferent \214les, and can chan\
ge the \214les the command reads from and writes to.)-.25 F 1.019
(Redirection may also be)6.019 F .215
-(used to modify \214le handles in the current shell e)108 307.2 R -.15
+(used to modify \214le handles in the current shell e)108 331.2 R -.15
(xe)-.15 G .215(cution en).15 F 2.715(vironment. The)-.4 F(follo)2.715 E
.215(wing redirection operators)-.25 F .862(may precede or appear an)108
-319.2 R .862(ywhere within a)-.15 F F2 .862(simple command)3.702 F F0
+343.2 R .862(ywhere within a)-.15 F F2 .862(simple command)3.702 F F0
.862(or may follo)4.132 F 3.362(wa)-.25 G F2(command).2 E F0 5.862(.R)
-.77 G .862(edirections are)-5.862 F(processed in the order the)108 331.2
+.77 G .862(edirections are)-5.862 F(processed in the order the)108 355.2
Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(ppear)-2.5 E 2.5(,f)-.4 G(rom left to right.)-2.5 E .771
(Each redirection that may be preceded by a \214le descriptor number ma\
-y instead be preceded by a w)108 348 R .772(ord of)-.1 F .293
-(the form {)108 360 R F2(varname)A F0 2.793(}. In)B .293
+y instead be preceded by a w)108 372 R .772(ord of)-.1 F .293
+(the form {)108 384 R F2(varname)A F0 2.793(}. In)B .293
(this case, for each redirection operator e)2.793 F .293
-(xcept >&- and <&-, the shell will allocate)-.15 F 3.179<618c>108 372 S
+(xcept >&- and <&-, the shell will allocate)-.15 F 3.179<618c>108 396 S
.679(le descriptor greater than or equal to 10 and assign it to)-3.179 F
F2(varname)3.179 E F0 5.679(.I)C 3.179(f>)-5.679 G .679
-(&- or <&- is preceded by {)-3.179 F F2(var)A(-)-.2 E(name)108 384 Q F0
+(&- or <&- is preceded by {)-3.179 F F2(var)A(-)-.2 E(name)108 408 Q F0
.6(}, the v)B .6(alue of)-.25 F F2(varname)3.1 E F0 .599
(de\214nes the \214le descriptor to close.)3.1 F .599(If {)5.599 F F2
(varname)A F0 3.099(}i)C 3.099(ss)-3.099 G .599
-(upplied, the redirection)-3.099 F .793(persists be)108 396 R .793
+(upplied, the redirection)-3.099 F .793(persists be)108 420 R .793
(yond the scope of the command, allo)-.15 F .794
(wing the shell programmer to manage the \214le descriptor')-.25 F(s)
--.55 E(lifetime manually)108 408 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(he)-5 E F1 -.1(va)2.5 G
+-.55 E(lifetime manually)108 432 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(he)-5 E F1 -.1(va)2.5 G
(rr).1 E(edir_close)-.18 E F0(shell option manages this beha)2.5 E(vior)
--.2 E(.)-.55 E .284(In the follo)108 424.8 R .283(wing descriptions, if\
+-.2 E(.)-.55 E .284(In the follo)108 448.8 R .283(wing descriptions, if\
the \214le descriptor number is omitted, and the \214rst character of \
-the redirect-)-.25 F .512(ion operator is)108 436.8 R F1(<)3.012 E F0
+the redirect-)-.25 F .512(ion operator is)108 460.8 R F1(<)3.012 E F0
3.012(,t)C .512
(he redirection refers to the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\).)
-3.012 F .512(If the \214rst character of the)5.512 F
-(redirection operator is)108 448.8 Q F1(>)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C
+(redirection operator is)108 472.8 Q F1(>)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C
(he redirection refers to the standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\).)
--2.5 E .825(The w)108 465.6 R .825(ord follo)-.1 F .824
+-2.5 E .825(The w)108 489.6 R .825(ord follo)-.1 F .824
(wing the redirection operator in the follo)-.25 F .824
(wing descriptions, unless otherwise noted, is sub-)-.25 F .462
-(jected to brace e)108 477.6 R .462(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .463
+(jected to brace e)108 501.6 R .462(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .463
(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .463(ariable e)-.25 F .463
-(xpansion, command substitution, arith-)-.15 F .867(metic e)108 489.6 R
+(xpansion, command substitution, arith-)-.15 F .867(metic e)108 513.6 R
.867(xpansion, quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G .867(l, pathname e).25 F
.867(xpansion, and w)-.15 F .867(ord splitting.)-.1 F .867(If it e)5.867
-F .866(xpands to more than one)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 501.6 S(rd,).1 E F1
+F .866(xpands to more than one)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 525.6 S(rd,).1 E F1
(bash)2.5 E F0(reports an error)2.5 E(.)-.55 E
-(Note that the order of redirections is signi\214cant.)108 518.4 Q -.15
-(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the command)-2.65 E(ls)144 535.2 Q F1(>)2.5
+(Note that the order of redirections is signi\214cant.)108 542.4 Q -.15
+(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the command)-2.65 E(ls)144 559.2 Q F1(>)2.5
E F0(dirlist 2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A
-(directs both standard output and standard error to the \214le)108 552 Q
-F2(dirlist)2.85 E F0 2.5(,w).68 G(hile the command)-2.5 E(ls 2)144 568.8
+(directs both standard output and standard error to the \214le)108 576 Q
+F2(dirlist)2.85 E F0 2.5(,w).68 G(hile the command)-2.5 E(ls 2)144 592.8
Q F1(>&)A F0(1)A F1(>)2.5 E F0(dirlist)2.5 E .505
-(directs only the standard output to \214le)108 585.6 R F2(dirlist)3.355
+(directs only the standard output to \214le)108 609.6 R F2(dirlist)3.355
E F0 3.005(,b).68 G .505(ecause the standard error w)-3.005 F .505
(as duplicated from the standard)-.1 F
-(output before the standard output w)108 597.6 Q(as redirected to)-.1 E
-F2(dirlist)2.85 E F0(.).68 E F1(Bash)108 614.4 Q F0 .599(handles se)
+(output before the standard output w)108 621.6 Q(as redirected to)-.1 E
+F2(dirlist)2.85 E F0(.).68 E F1(Bash)108 638.4 Q F0 .599(handles se)
3.099 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .599(ral \214lenames specially when the).15 F
3.099(ya)-.15 G .598(re used in redirections, as described in the follo)
--3.099 F(wing)-.25 E 3.477(table. If)108 626.4 R .977
+-3.099 F(wing)-.25 E 3.477(table. If)108 650.4 R .977
(the operating system on which)3.477 F F1(bash)3.478 E F0 .978
(is running pro)3.478 F .978
(vides these special \214les, bash will use them;)-.15 F
-(otherwise it will emulate them internally with the beha)108 638.4 Q
-(vior described belo)-.2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F1(/de)144 655.2 Q(v/fd/)-.15
-E F2(fd)A F0(If)180 667.2 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(is a v)2.5 E(alid inte)-.25 E
+(otherwise it will emulate them internally with the beha)108 662.4 Q
+(vior described belo)-.2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F1(/de)144 679.2 Q(v/fd/)-.15
+E F2(fd)A F0(If)180 691.2 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(is a v)2.5 E(alid inte)-.25 E
(ger)-.15 E 2.5<2c8c>-.4 G(le descriptor)-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0
-(is duplicated.)2.5 E F1(/de)144 679.2 Q(v/stdin)-.15 E F0
-(File descriptor 0 is duplicated.)180 691.2 Q F1(/de)144 703.2 Q
-(v/stdout)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 715.2 Q
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(29)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
+(is duplicated.)2.5 E F1(/de)144 703.2 Q(v/stdin)-.15 E F0
+(File descriptor 0 is duplicated.)180 715.2 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
+(2022 June 3)150.675 E(29)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 30 30
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(/de)144 84 Q(v/stderr)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180
-96 Q F1(/de)144 108 Q(v/tcp/)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(host)A F1(/)
-A F2(port)A F0(If)180 120 Q F2(host)2.997 E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497
+SF(/de)144 84 Q(v/stdout)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180
+96 Q F1(/de)144 108 Q(v/stderr)-.15 E F0
+(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180 120 Q F1(/de)144 132 Q(v/tcp/)-.15
+E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 144 Q F2
+(host)2.997 E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497
(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.996 E F0 .496
(is an inte)2.996 F .496(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E
-(vice name,)180 132 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0
+(vice name,)180 156 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0
(attempts to open the corresponding TCP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E F1(/de)144
-144 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E F2(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 156 Q F2(host)
+168 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E F2(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 180 Q F2(host)
2.996 E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496
(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.997 E F0 .497
(is an inte)2.997 F .497(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E
-(vice name,)180 168 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0
+(vice name,)180 192 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0
(attempts to open the corresponding UDP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E 2.5(Af)108
-184.8 S(ailure to open or create a \214le causes the redirection to f)
+208.8 S(ailure to open or create a \214le causes the redirection to f)
-2.6 E(ail.)-.1 E .046(Redirections using \214le descriptors greater th\
-an 9 should be used with care, as the)108 201.6 R 2.545(ym)-.15 G .045
+an 9 should be used with care, as the)108 225.6 R 2.545(ym)-.15 G .045
(ay con\215ict with \214le de-)-2.545 F
-(scriptors the shell uses internally)108 213.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1(Redir)87
-230.4 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391
+(scriptors the shell uses internally)108 237.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1(Redir)87
+254.4 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391
(Redirection of input causes the \214le whose name results from the e)
-108 242.4 R .391(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.231 E(d)-.37 E F0 .391
-(to be opened for read-)3.661 F(ing on \214le descriptor)108 254.4 Q F2
+108 266.4 R .391(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.231 E(d)-.37 E F0 .391
+(to be opened for read-)3.661 F(ing on \214le descriptor)108 278.4 Q F2
(n)2.86 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(rt)-2.5 G
(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-2.5 E F2(n)2.86 E F0
(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E
-(The general format for redirecting input is:)108 271.2 Q([)144 288 Q F2
-(n)A F0(])A F1(<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 304.8 Q(ecting Output)
+(The general format for redirecting input is:)108 295.2 Q([)144 312 Q F2
+(n)A F0(])A F1(<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 328.8 Q(ecting Output)
-.18 E F0 .175
(Redirection of output causes the \214le whose name results from the e)
-108 316.8 R .174(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.014 E(d)-.37 E F0 .174
-(to be opened for writ-)3.444 F .083(ing on \214le descriptor)108 328.8
+108 340.8 R .174(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.014 E(d)-.37 E F0 .174
+(to be opened for writ-)3.444 F .083(ing on \214le descriptor)108 352.8
R F2(n)2.943 E F0 2.583(,o).24 G 2.583(rt)-2.583 G .083
(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.583 F F2(n)2.943 E F0
.083(is not speci\214ed.)2.823 F .084(If the \214le does not e)5.083 F
-(x-)-.15 E(ist it is created; if it does e)108 340.8 Q
+(x-)-.15 E(ist it is created; if it does e)108 364.8 Q
(xist it is truncated to zero size.)-.15 E
-(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 357.6 Q([)144 374.4 Q
+(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 381.6 Q([)144 398.4 Q
F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .155
-(If the redirection operator is)108 391.2 R F1(>)2.655 E F0 2.655(,a)C
+(If the redirection operator is)108 415.2 R F1(>)2.655 E F0 2.655(,a)C
.155(nd the)-2.655 F F1(noclob)2.655 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the)
2.654 F F1(set)2.654 E F0 -.2(bu)2.654 G .154
-(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .657(will f)108 403.2 R
+(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .657(will f)108 427.2 R
.657(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .658
(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .658
(ists and is a re).15 F .658(gular \214le.)-.15 F .658(If the redi-)
-5.658 F .409(rection operator is)108 415.2 R F1(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C
+5.658 F .409(rection operator is)108 439.2 R F1(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C
2.909(rt)-2.909 G .409(he redirection operator is)-2.909 F F1(>)2.909 E
F0 .409(and the)2.909 F F1(noclob)2.909 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .409
(option to the)2.909 F F1(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.908 G .408
(iltin command).2 F(is not enabled, the redirection is attempted e)108
-427.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by)
+451.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by)
-2.5 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F1 -.25(Ap)87
-444 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .641
-(Redirection of output in this f)108 456 R .642
+468 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .641
+(Redirection of output in this f)108 480 R .642
(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .642
(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.482 E(d)-.37 E F0 .642(to be)3.912 F .455
-(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 468 R F2(n)3.315 E F0
+(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 492 R F2(n)3.315 E F0
2.955(,o).24 G 2.955(rt)-2.955 G .455
(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.955 F F2(n)3.314 E F0
.454(is not speci\214ed.)3.194 F(If)5.454 E(the \214le does not e)108
-480 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E
-(The general format for appending output is:)108 496.8 Q([)144 513.6 Q
-F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 530.4 Q
+504 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E
+(The general format for appending output is:)108 520.8 Q([)144 537.6 Q
+F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 554.4 Q
(ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E F0 .248
-(This construct allo)108 542.4 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\
+(This construct allo)108 566.4 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\
\214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-)
-.25 F(tor 2\) to be redirected to the \214le whose name is the e)108
-554.4 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.84 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E
-(There are tw)108 571.2 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G
+578.4 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.84 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E
+(There are tw)108 595.2 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G
(ormats for redirecting standard output and standard error:)-2.5 E F1
-(&>)144 588 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(and)108 600 Q F1(>&)144 612 Q F2(wor)
-A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 628.8 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G
+(&>)144 612 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(and)108 624 Q F1(>&)144 636 Q F2(wor)
+A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 652.8 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G
(orms, the \214rst is preferred.)-2.5 E(This is semantically equi)5 E
--.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(>)144 645.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5
-E F1(>&)A F0(1)A .115(When using the second form,)108 662.4 R F2(wor)
+-.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(>)144 669.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5
+E F1(>&)A F0(1)A .115(When using the second form,)108 686.4 R F2(wor)
2.614 E(d)-.37 E F0 .114(may not e)2.614 F .114(xpand to a number or)
-.15 F F1<ad>2.614 E F0 5.114(.I)C 2.614(fi)-5.114 G 2.614(td)-2.614 G
-.114(oes, other redirection operators)-2.614 F(apply \(see)108 674.4 Q
+.114(oes, other redirection operators)-2.614 F(apply \(see)108 698.4 Q
F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E
-(w\) for compatibility reasons.)-.25 E F1 -.25(Ap)87 691.2 S
-(pending Standard Output and Standard Err).25 E(or)-.18 E F0 .248
-(This construct allo)108 703.2 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\
-\214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-)
--.25 F(tor 2\) to be appended to the \214le whose name is the e)108
-715.2 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.84 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(30)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
+(w\) for compatibility reasons.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
+(2022 June 3)150.675 E(30)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
-(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E
-(The format for appending standard output and standard error is:)108 84
-Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(&>>)144 100.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)A(d)
--.37 E F0(This is semantically equi)108 117.6 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to)
-.25 E F1(>>)144 134.4 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A
-(\(see)108 151.2 Q F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E
-(w\).)-.25 E F1(Her)87 168 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(This \
-type of redirection instructs the shell to read input from the current \
-source until a line containing only)108 180 R F2(delimiter)108.35 192 Q
-F0 .614(\(with no trailing blanks\) is seen.)3.844 F .615
+(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
+SF -.25(Ap)87 84 S(pending Standard Output and Standard Err).25 E(or)
+-.18 E F0 .248(This construct allo)108 96 R .249(ws both the standard o\
+utput \(\214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le de\
+scrip-)-.25 F(tor 2\) to be appended to the \214le whose name is the e)
+108 108 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)2.84 E(d)-.37 E
+F0(.).77 E
+(The format for appending standard output and standard error is:)108
+124.8 Q F1(&>>)144 141.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0
+(This is semantically equi)108 158.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1
+(>>)144 175.2 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A(\(see)108
+192 Q F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1
+(Her)87 208.8 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(This type of redir\
+ection instructs the shell to read input from the current source until \
+a line containing only)108 220.8 R F2(delimiter)108.35 232.8 Q F0 .614
+(\(with no trailing blanks\) is seen.)3.844 F .615
(All of the lines read up to that point are then used as the stan-)5.615
-F(dard input \(or \214le descriptor)108 204 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E F2
-(n)2.5 E F0(is speci\214ed\) for a command.)2.5 E
-(The format of here-documents is:)108 220.8 Q([)144 237.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])
-A F1(<<)A F0([)A F1<ad>A F0(])A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E(her)164 249.6 Q
-(e-document)-.37 E(delimiter)144 261.6 Q F0 .302(No parameter and v)108
-278.4 R .302(ariable e)-.25 F .302
+F(dard input \(or \214le descriptor)108 244.8 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E
+F2(n)2.5 E F0(is speci\214ed\) for a command.)2.5 E
+(The format of here-documents is:)108 261.6 Q([)144 278.4 Q F2(n)A F0(])
+A F1(<<)A F0([)A F1<ad>A F0(])A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E(her)164 290.4 Q
+(e-document)-.37 E(delimiter)144 302.4 Q F0 .302(No parameter and v)108
+319.2 R .302(ariable e)-.25 F .302
(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F .301
(xpansion, or pathname e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.15 E .381(is performed on)108
-290.4 R F2(wor)3.221 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.381(.I).77 G 2.881(fa)-5.381 G .681
+331.2 R F2(wor)3.221 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.381(.I).77 G 2.881(fa)-5.381 G .681
-.15(ny p)-2.881 H .381(art of).15 F F2(wor)3.221 E(d)-.37 E F0 .381
(is quoted, the)3.651 F F2(delimiter)3.231 E F0 .381
(is the result of quote remo)3.611 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.881(lo).25 G(n)
-2.881 E F2(wor)3.221 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E .774
-(and the lines in the here-document are not e)108 302.4 R 3.274
+(and the lines in the here-document are not e)108 343.2 R 3.274
(xpanded. If)-.15 F F2(wor)3.273 E(d)-.37 E F0 .773
(is unquoted, all lines of the here-document)3.273 F 1.194
-(are subjected to parameter e)108 314.4 R 1.194
+(are subjected to parameter e)108 355.2 R 1.194
(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 1.195
-(xpansion, the character se-)-.15 F(quence)108 326.4 Q F1(\\<newline>)
+(xpansion, the character se-)-.15 F(quence)108 367.2 Q F1(\\<newline>)
2.5 E F0(is ignored, and)2.5 E F1(\\)2.5 E F0
(must be used to quote the characters)2.5 E F1(\\)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($)2.5
E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .602
-(If the redirection operator is)108 343.2 R F1(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101
-(,t)C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines\
- and the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 355.2 Q F2(delimiter)2.85 E F0 5
-(.T).73 G(his allo)-5 E
+(If the redirection operator is)108 384 R F1(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101(,t)
+C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines and\
+ the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 396 Q F2(delimiter)2.85 E F0 5(.T).73
+G(his allo)-5 E
(ws here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a natural f)
--.25 E(ashion.)-.1 E F1(Her)87 372 Q 2.5(eS)-.18 G(trings)-2.5 E F0 2.5
-(Av)108 384 S(ariant of here documents, the format is:)-2.75 E([)144
-400.8 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<<<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(The)108 417.6 Q F2
-(wor)3.291 E(d)-.37 E F0(under)3.291 E .792(goes tilde e)-.18 F .792
+-.25 E(ashion.)-.1 E F1(Her)87 412.8 Q 2.5(eS)-.18 G(trings)-2.5 E F0
+2.5(Av)108 424.8 S(ariant of here documents, the format is:)-2.75 E([)
+144 441.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<<<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(The)108 458.4 Q
+F2(wor)3.291 E(d)-.37 E F0(under)3.291 E .792(goes tilde e)-.18 F .792
(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .792(ariable e)-.25 F .792
-(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)108 429.6 S
+(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)108 470.4 S
1.188(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.687(l. P).25 F
1.187(athname e)-.15 F 1.187(xpansion and w)-.15 F 1.187
(ord splitting are not performed.)-.1 F 1.187(The result is)6.187 F .374
-(supplied as a single string, with a ne)108 441.6 R .375(wline appended\
+(supplied as a single string, with a ne)108 482.4 R .375(wline appended\
, to the command on its standard input \(or \214le descrip-)-.25 F(tor)
-108 453.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(is speci\214ed\).)2.5 E
-F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)87 470.4 Q F0(The redirection operator)
-108 482.4 Q([)144 499.2 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0
-.127(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 516 R(If)5.127 E
+108 494.4 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(is speci\214ed\).)2.5 E
+F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)87 511.2 Q F0(The redirection operator)
+108 523.2 Q([)144 540 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .127
+(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 556.8 R(If)5.127 E
F2(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .126
(pands to one or more digits, the \214le descriptor denoted).15 F(by)108
-528 Q F2(n)3.317 E F0 .457(is made to be a cop)3.197 F 2.957(yo)-.1 G
+568.8 Q F2(n)3.317 E F0 .457(is made to be a cop)3.197 F 2.957(yo)-.1 G
2.957(ft)-2.957 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.957 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G
2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F2(wor)3.298 E(d)-.37 E F0
.458(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.728 F .15
-(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 540 R(If)5.15 E F2(wor)2.99
-E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.42 G .15(luates to).25 F F1<ad>2.65 E F0 2.649
-<2c8c>C .149(le descriptor)-2.649 F F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149(is closed.)
-2.889 F(If)5.149 E F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149(is not speci\214ed,)2.889 F
-(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 552 Q
-(The operator)108 568.8 Q([)144 585.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(wor)A
+(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 580.8 R(If)5.15 E F2(wor)
+2.99 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.42 G .15(luates to).25 F F1<ad>2.65 E F0
+2.649<2c8c>C .149(le descriptor)-2.649 F F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149
+(is closed.)2.889 F(If)5.149 E F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149(is not speci\214ed,)
+2.889 F(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 592.8 Q
+(The operator)108 609.6 Q([)144 626.4 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(wor)A
(d)-.37 E F0 .443
-(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 602.4 R
+(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 643.2 R
(If)5.443 E F2(n)3.304 E F0 .444
(is not speci\214ed, the standard output \(\214le descrip-)3.184 F .566
-(tor 1\) is used.)108 614.4 R .566(If the digits in)5.566 F F2(wor)3.406
+(tor 1\) is used.)108 655.2 R .566(If the digits in)5.566 F F2(wor)3.406
E(d)-.37 E F0 .566(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for output, \
-a redirection error oc-)3.836 F 3.203(curs. If)108 626.4 R F2(wor)3.543
+a redirection error oc-)3.836 F 3.203(curs. If)108 667.2 R F2(wor)3.543
E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.973 G .703(luates to).25 F F1<ad>3.203 E F0
3.203<2c8c>C .703(le descriptor)-3.203 F F2(n)3.563 E F0 .703
(is closed.)3.443 F .703(As a special case, if)5.703 F F2(n)3.204 E F0
.704(is omitted, and)3.204 F F2(wor)3.204 E(d)-.37 E F0(does)3.204 E
-.966(not e)108 6
38.4 R .966(xpand to one or more digits or)-.15 F F1<ad>
+.966(not e)108 6
79.2 R .966(xpand to one or more digits or)-.15 F F1<ad>
3.466 E F0 3.466(,t)C .965
(he standard output and standard error are redirected as described)
--3.466 F(pre)108 650.4 Q(viously)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F1(Mo)87 667.2 Q
-(ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0(The redirection operator)108 679.2 Q([)
-144 696 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(mo)108 712.8 Q
--.15(ve)-.15 G 3.017(st).15 G .517(he \214le descriptor)-3.017 F F2
-(digit)3.017 E F0 .517(to \214le descriptor)3.017 F F2(n)3.377 E F0
-3.017(,o).24 G 3.017(rt)-3.017 G .518
-(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.017 F F2(n)3.018 E F0
-.518(is not speci-)3.018 F(\214ed.)108 724.8 Q F2(digit)5 E F0
-(is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(.)A
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(31)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
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+(2022 June 3)150.675 E(31)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
-(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(Similarly)108 84 Q
-2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E([)144 100.8 Q/F1 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(>&)A F1(digit)A F2
-<ad>A F0(mo)108 117.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.768(st).15 G .268
-(he \214le descriptor)-2.768 F F1(digit)2.768 E F0 .268
-(to \214le descriptor)2.768 F F1(n)3.128 E F0 2.768(,o).24 G 2.768(rt)
--2.768 G .267(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.768 F F1
-(n)2.767 E F0 .267(is not speci-)2.767 F(\214ed.)108 129.6 Q F2
-(Opening File Descriptors f)87 146.4 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0
-(The redirection operator)108 158.4 Q([)144 175.2 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<>)
-A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .518(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108
-192 R .518(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.358 E(d)-.37 E F0 .518
+(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
+SF(Mo)87 84 Q(ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0(The redirection operator)
+108 96 Q([)144 112.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2
+(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(mo)108 129.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.017(st).15 G .517
+(he \214le descriptor)-3.017 F F2(digit)3.017 E F0 .517
+(to \214le descriptor)3.017 F F2(n)3.377 E F0 3.017(,o).24 G 3.017(rt)
+-3.017 G .518(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.017 F F2
+(n)3.018 E F0 .518(is not speci-)3.018 F(\214ed.)108 141.6 Q F2(digit)5
+E F0(is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(.)A
+(Similarly)108 158.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E([)
+144 175.2 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(mo)108 192 Q
+-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.768(st).15 G .268(he \214le descriptor)-2.768 F F2
+(digit)2.768 E F0 .268(to \214le descriptor)2.768 F F2(n)3.128 E F0
+2.768(,o).24 G 2.768(rt)-2.768 G .267
+(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.768 F F2(n)2.767 E F0
+.267(is not speci-)2.767 F(\214ed.)108 204 Q F1
+(Opening File Descriptors f)87 220.8 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0
+(The redirection operator)108 232.8 Q([)144 249.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<>)
+A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .518(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108
+266.4 R .518(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.358 E(d)-.37 E F0 .518
(to be opened for both reading and writing on \214le de-)3.788 F
-(scriptor)108 204 Q F1(n)2.86 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5<6e8c>
--2.5 G(le descriptor 0 if)-2.5 E F1(n)2.86 E F0(is not speci\214ed.)2.74
-E(If the \214le does not e)5 E(xist, it is created.)-.15 E/F3 10.95
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 220.8 Q F1(Aliases)108 232.8 Q F0(allo)3.174
-E 3.174(was)-.25 G .674(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.174 F .674
+(scriptor)108 278.4 Q F2(n)2.86 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5
+<6e8c>-2.5 G(le descriptor 0 if)-2.5 E F2(n)2.86 E F0
+(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E(If the \214le does not e)5 E
+(xist, it is created.)-.15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 295.2 Q
+F2(Aliases)108 307.2 Q F0(allo)3.174 E 3.174(was)-.25 G .674
+(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.174 F .674
(ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .673
(ord of a simple command.)-.1 F .394(The shell maintains a list of alia\
-ses that may be set and unset with the)108 244.8 R F2(alias)2.894 E F0
-(and)2.894 E F2(unalias)2.894 E F0 -.2(bu)2.894 G .394(iltin commands).2
-F(\(see)108 256.8 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.98(SHELL B)4.48 F(UIL)-.09 E
+ses that may be set and unset with the)108 319.2 R F1(alias)2.894 E F0
+(and)2.894 E F1(unalias)2.894 E F0 -.2(bu)2.894 G .394(iltin commands).2
+F(\(see)108 331.2 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.98(SHELL B)4.48 F(UIL)-.09 E
1.98(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.23 E 4.48(w\). The)-.25 F 1.98
(\214rst w)4.48 F 1.979(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1
-F(check)108 268.8 Q .472(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .472
+F(check)108 343.2 Q .472(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .472
(If so, that w)5.472 F .473(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .473
-(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .473(The characters)5.473 F F2(/)2.973 E F0(,)A
-F2($)2.973 E F0(,)A F2<92>2.973 E F0(,)A(and)108 280.8 Q F2(=)3.612 E F0
+(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .473(The characters)5.473 F F1(/)2.973 E F0(,)A
+F1($)2.973 E F0(,)A F1<92>2.973 E F0(,)A(and)108 355.2 Q F1(=)3.612 E F0
1.112(and an)3.612 F 3.612(yo)-.15 G 3.612(ft)-3.612 G 1.112(he shell)
--3.612 F F1(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112
+-3.612 F F2(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112
(or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.411 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.111
-(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.619(name. The)108 292.8 R 1.119
+(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.619(name. The)108 367.2 R 1.119
(replacement te)3.619 F 1.119(xt may contain an)-.15 F 3.619(yv)-.15 G
1.119(alid shell input, including shell metacharacters.)-3.869 F 1.12
-(The \214rst)6.12 F -.1(wo)108 304.8 S .514(rd of the replacement te).1
+(The \214rst)6.12 F -.1(wo)108 379.2 S .514(rd of the replacement te).1
F .514(xt is tested for aliases, b)-.15 F .514(ut a w)-.2 F .513
(ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .513(xpanded is)-.15 F
-.295(not e)108 316.8 R .295(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296
-(This means that one may alias)5.295 F F2(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F2
-.296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .296(or instance, and)-2.796 F F2
-(bash)2.796 E F0 .296(does not try)2.796 F .529(to recursi)108 328.8 R
+.295(not e)108 391.2 R .295(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296
+(This means that one may alias)5.295 F F1(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F1
+.296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .296(or instance, and)-2.796 F F1
+(bash)2.796 E F0 .296(does not try)2.796 F .529(to recursi)108 403.2 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G .529(ly e).15 F .529(xpand the replacement te)-.15 F
3.029(xt. If)-.15 F .528(the last character of the alias v)3.029 F .528
-(alue is a)-.25 F F1(blank)3.298 E F0 3.028(,t).67 G .528(hen the ne)
--3.028 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 340.8 Q(ord follo)-.1 E
+(alue is a)-.25 F F2(blank)3.298 E F0 3.028(,t).67 G .528(hen the ne)
+-3.028 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 415.2 Q(ord follo)-.1 E
(wing the alias is also check)-.25 E(ed for alias e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15
-E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 357.6 Q F2(alias)2.5 E F0
-(command, and remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith the)-2.5 E F2
+E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 432 Q F1(alias)2.5 E F0
+(command, and remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith the)-2.5 E F1
(unalias)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E .741
-(There is no mechanism for using ar)108 374.4 R .741
+(There is no mechanism for using ar)108 448.8 R .741
(guments in the replacement te)-.18 F 3.241(xt. If)-.15 F(ar)3.241 E
-.742(guments are needed, use a shell)-.18 F(function \(see)108 386.4 Q
+.742(guments are needed, use a shell)-.18 F(function \(see)108 460.8 Q
F4(FUNCTIONS)2.5 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E .283(Aliases are not e)108
-403.2 R .283(xpanded when the shell is not interacti)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25
-G 2.782(,u).15 G .282(nless the)-2.782 F F2(expand_aliases)2.782 E F0
-.282(shell option is set us-)2.782 F(ing)108 415.2 Q F2(shopt)2.5 E F0
-(\(see the description of)2.5 E F2(shopt)2.5 E F0(under)2.5 E F4
+477.6 R .283(xpanded when the shell is not interacti)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25
+G 2.782(,u).15 G .282(nless the)-2.782 F F1(expand_aliases)2.782 E F0
+.282(shell option is set us-)2.782 F(ing)108 489.6 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0
+(\(see the description of)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(under)2.5 E F4
(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25
E .435
(The rules concerning the de\214nition and use of aliases are some)108
-432 R .436(what confusing.)-.25 F F2(Bash)5.436 E F0(al)2.936 E -.1(wa)
--.1 G .436(ys reads at least).1 F .67
-(one complete line of input, and all lines that mak)108 444 R 3.17(eu)
+506.4 R .436(what confusing.)-.25 F F1(Bash)5.436 E F0(al)2.936 E -.1
+(wa)-.1 G .436(ys reads at least).1 F .67
+(one complete line of input, and all lines that mak)108 518.4 R 3.17(eu)
-.1 G 3.17(pac)-3.17 G .67(ompound command, before e)-3.17 F -.15(xe)
-.15 G .67(cuting an).15 F 3.17(yo)-.15 G 3.17(ft)-3.17 G(he)-3.17 E
-1.058(commands on that line or the compound command.)108 456 R 1.059
+1.058(commands on that line or the compound command.)108 530.4 R 1.059
(Aliases are e)6.059 F 1.059(xpanded when a command is read, not)-.15 F
-.075(when it is e)108 468 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.575(cuted. Therefore,).15 F
-.075(an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as another comman\
-d does not)2.575 F(tak)108 480 Q 2.837(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-2.837 G .337
-(ect until the ne).25 F .337(xt line of input is read.)-.15 F .337
+.075(when it is e)108 542.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.575(cuted. Therefore,).15
+F .075(an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as another comm\
+and does not)2.575 F(tak)108 554.4 Q 2.837(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-2.837 G
+.337(ect until the ne).25 F .337(xt line of input is read.)-.15 F .337
(The commands follo)5.337 F .338
-(wing the alias de\214nition on that line are)-.25 F .552(not af)108 492
-R .551(fected by the ne)-.25 F 3.051(wa)-.25 G 3.051(lias. This)-3.051 F
-(beha)3.051 E .551(vior is also an issue when functions are e)-.2 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G 3.051(cuted. Aliases).15 F .551(are e)3.051 F(x-)-.15 E .425
-(panded when a function de\214nition is read, not when the function is \
-e)108 504 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .426(cuted, because a function de\214nition)
-.15 F .404(is itself a command.)108 516 R .403
+(wing the alias de\214nition on that line are)-.25 F .552(not af)108
+566.4 R .551(fected by the ne)-.25 F 3.051(wa)-.25 G 3.051(lias. This)
+-3.051 F(beha)3.051 E .551(vior is also an issue when functions are e)
+-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.051(cuted. Aliases).15 F .551(are e)3.051 F(x-)
+-.15 E .425(panded when a function de\214nition is read, not when the f\
+unction is e)108 578.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .426
+(cuted, because a function de\214nition).15 F .404(is itself a command.)
+108 590.4 R .403
(As a consequence, aliases de\214ned in a function are not a)5.404 F
-.25(va)-.2 G .403(ilable until after that func-).25 F .862(tion is e)
-108 528 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.362(cuted. T).15 F 3.362(ob)-.8 G 3.362(es)
+108 602.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.362(cuted. T).15 F 3.362(ob)-.8 G 3.362(es)
-3.362 G .862(afe, al)-3.362 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .862
-(ys put alias de\214nitions on a separate line, and do not use).1 F F2
-(alias)3.362 E F0 .862(in com-)3.362 F(pound commands.)108 540 Q -.15
-(Fo)108 556.8 S 2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
+(ys put alias de\214nitions on a separate line, and do not use).1 F F1
+(alias)3.362 E F0 .862(in com-)3.362 F(pound commands.)108 614.4 Q -.15
+(Fo)108 631.2 S 2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ry purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.).15 E F3
-(FUNCTIONS)72 573.6 Q F0 3.468(As)108 585.6 S .968
+(FUNCTIONS)72 648 Q F0 3.468(As)108 660 S .968
(hell function, de\214ned as described abo)-3.468 F 1.267 -.15(ve u)-.15
H(nder).15 E F4 .967(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.467 F/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0
-.967(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F 1.001(later e)108 597.6 R
+.967(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F 1.001(later e)108 672 R
-.15(xe)-.15 G 3.501(cution. When).15 F 1.002(the name of a shell funct\
ion is used as a simple command name, the list of com-)3.501 F .316
-(mands associated with that function name is e)108 609.6 R -.15(xe)-.15
-G 2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .315
+(mands associated with that function name is e)108 684 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
+2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .315
(cuted in the conte).15 F .315(xt of the current)-.15 F .035
-(shell; no ne)108 621.6 R 2.535(wp)-.25 G .036
+(shell; no ne)108 696 R 2.535(wp)-.25 G .036
(rocess is created to interpret them \(contrast this with the e)-2.535 F
-.15(xe)-.15 G .036(cution of a shell script\).).15 F .036(When a)5.036
-F .64(function is e)108 633.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .64(cuted, the ar).15 F
+F .64(function is e)108 708 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .64(cuted, the ar).15 F
.639
(guments to the function become the positional parameters during its e)
--.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .532(The special parameter)108 645.6
-R F2(#)3.032 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.032 F .532
-(Special parameter)5.532 F F2(0)3.033 E F0 .533(is unchanged.)3.033 F
-.533(The \214rst ele-)5.533 F(ment of the)108 657.6 Q F4(FUNCN)2.5 E
-(AME)-.18 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G
+-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E 1.658(The special parameter)108 720
+R F1(#)4.158 E F0 1.659(is updated to re\215ect the change.)4.158 F
+1.659(Special parameter)6.659 F F1(0)4.159 E F0 1.659(is unchanged.)
+4.159 F 1.659(The \214rst)6.659 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)
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(riable is set to the name of the function while the function is e).25 E
-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting.).15 E 1.25(All other aspects of the shell e)108
-674.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.25(cution en).15 F 1.25
+100.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.25(cution en).15 F 1.25
(vironment are identical between a function and its caller with)-.4 F
-1.214(these e)108 686.4 R 1.214(xceptions: the)-.15 F F4(DEB)3.714 E(UG)
--.09 E F0(and)3.464 E F2(RETURN)3.715 E F0 1.215
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(traps \(see the description of the)3.715 F F2(trap)3.715 E F0 -.2(bu)
-3.715 G 1.215(iltin under).2 F F4(SHELL)3.715 E -.09(BU)108 698.4 S(IL)
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.09 E .479(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.729 E .479
(w\) are not inherited unless the function has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.978(nt).15 G(he)-2.978 E F2(trace)2.978 E F0(attrib)2.978 E
-.478(ute \(see)-.2 F .42(the description of the)108 710.4 R F4(declar)
+.478(ute \(see)-.2 F .42(the description of the)108 136.8 R F1(declar)
2.92 E(e)-.162 E F0 -.2(bu)2.67 G .42(iltin belo).2 F .42(w\) or the)
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-3.31 G .81(iltin command belo).2 F .81(w\), then)-.25 F F1(all)3.64 E F0
-.81(parameter assignments are placed in)3.82 F(the en)108 307.2 Q
+.203(fect only the)-.25 F(en)108 384 Q(vironment seen by that command.)
+-.4 E .81(If the)108 400.8 R F1<ad6b>3.31 E F0 .81
+(option is set \(see the)3.31 F F1(set)3.31 E F0 -.2(bu)3.31 G .81
+(iltin command belo).2 F .81(w\), then)-.25 F F2(all)3.64 E F0 .81
+(parameter assignments are placed in)3.82 F(the en)108 412.8 Q
(vironment for a command, not just those that precede the command name.)
--.4 E(When)108 324 Q F3(bash)3.585 E F0(in)3.585 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke)
-.2 G 3.585(sa).1 G 3.585(ne)-3.585 G 1.085(xternal command, the v)-3.735
-F(ariable)-.25 E F3(_)3.585 E F0 1.086
+-.4 E(When)108 429.6 Q F1(bash)3.585 E F0(in)3.585 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1
+(ke).2 G 3.585(sa).1 G 3.585(ne)-3.585 G 1.085(xternal command, the v)
+-3.735 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(_)3.585 E F0 1.086
(is set to the full \214lename of the command and)3.586 F
-(passed to that command in its en)108 336 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F2(EXIT ST)
-72 352.8 Q -1.04(AT)-.986 G(US)1.04 E F0 .151(The e)108 364.8 R .151
-(xit status of an e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .151(cuted command is the v)
-.15 F .15(alue returned by the)-.25 F F1(waitpid)2.65 E F0 .15
-(system call or equi)2.65 F -.25(va)-.25 G .15(lent func-).25 F 2.847
-(tion. Exit)108 376.8 R .347(statuses f)2.847 F .347
-(all between 0 and 255, though, as e)-.1 F .347(xplained belo)-.15 F
+(passed to that command in its en)108 441.6 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F3
+(EXIT ST)72 458.4 Q -1.04(AT)-.986 G(US)1.04 E F0 .151(The e)108 470.4 R
+.151(xit status of an e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .151
+(cuted command is the v).15 F .15(alue returned by the)-.25 F F2
+(waitpid)2.65 E F0 .15(system call or equi)2.65 F -.25(va)-.25 G .15
+(lent func-).25 F 2.847(tion. Exit)108 482.4 R .347(statuses f)2.847 F
+.347(all between 0 and 255, though, as e)-.1 F .347(xplained belo)-.15 F
1.647 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .347(he shell may use v).65 F .348(alues abo)-.25
-F .648 -.15(ve 1)-.15 H(25).15 E(specially)108 388.8 Q 5.507(.E)-.65 G
+F .648 -.15(ve 1)-.15 H(25).15 E(specially)108 494.4 Q 5.507(.E)-.65 G
.507(xit statuses from shell b)-5.507 F .507
(uiltins and compound commands are also limited to this range.)-.2 F
(Under)5.506 E(certain circumstances, the shell will use special v)108
-400.8 Q(alues to indicate speci\214c f)-.25 E(ailure modes.)-.1 E -.15
-(Fo)108 417.6 S 3.372(rt).15 G .872(he shell')-3.372 F 3.372(sp)-.55 G
+506.4 Q(alues to indicate speci\214c f)-.25 E(ailure modes.)-.1 E -.15
+(Fo)108 523.2 S 3.372(rt).15 G .872(he shell')-3.372 F 3.372(sp)-.55 G
.873(urposes, a command which e)-3.372 F .873(xits with a zero e)-.15 F
.873(xit status has succeeded.)-.15 F .873(An e)5.873 F .873
-(xit status of)-.15 F .049(zero indicates success.)108 429.6 R 2.549(An)
+(xit status of)-.15 F .049(zero indicates success.)108 535.2 R 2.549(An)
5.049 G .049(on-zero e)-2.549 F .049(xit status indicates f)-.15 F 2.549
(ailure. When)-.1 F 2.549(ac)2.549 G .048(ommand terminates on a f)
--2.549 F .048(atal sig-)-.1 F(nal)108 441.6 Q F1(N)2.5 E F0(,)A F3(bash)
-2.5 E F0(uses the v)2.5 E(alue of 128+)-.25 E F1(N)A F0(as the e)2.5 E
+-2.549 F .048(atal sig-)-.1 F(nal)108 547.2 Q F2(N)2.5 E F0(,)A F1(bash)
+2.5 E F0(uses the v)2.5 E(alue of 128+)-.25 E F2(N)A F0(as the e)2.5 E
(xit status.)-.15 E .404
-(If a command is not found, the child process created to e)108 458.4 R
+(If a command is not found, the child process created to e)108 564 R
-.15(xe)-.15 G .404(cute it returns a status of 127.).15 F .405
-(If a command is)5.405 F(found b)108 470.4 Q(ut is not e)-.2 E -.15(xe)
--.15 G(cutable, the return status is 126.).15 E(If a command f)108 487.2
+(If a command is)5.405 F(found b)108 576 Q(ut is not e)-.2 E -.15(xe)
+-.15 G(cutable, the return status is 126.).15 E(If a command f)108 592.8
Q(ails because of an error during e)-.1 E
(xpansion or redirection, the e)-.15 E(xit status is greater than zero.)
--.15 E .081(Shell b)108 504 R .081
-(uiltin commands return a status of 0 \()-.2 F F1(true)A F0 2.581(\)i)C
-2.581(fs)-2.581 G .08(uccessful, and non-zero \()-2.581 F F1(false)A F0
+-.15 E .081(Shell b)108 609.6 R .081
+(uiltin commands return a status of 0 \()-.2 F F2(true)A F0 2.581(\)i)C
+2.581(fs)-2.581 G .08(uccessful, and non-zero \()-2.581 F F2(false)A F0
2.58(\)i)C 2.58(fa)-2.58 G 2.58(ne)-2.58 G .08(rror occurs while)-2.58 F
-(the)108 516 Q 2.967(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-3.117 G 2.967(cute. All).15 F
+(the)108 621.6 Q 2.967(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-3.117 G 2.967(cute. All).15 F
-.2(bu)2.967 G .467(iltins return an e).2 F .468
(xit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage, generally in)-.15 F -.25
-(va)-.4 G .468(lid options or).25 F(missing ar)108 528 Q(guments.)-.18 E
-(The e)108 544.8 Q(xit status of the last command is a)-.15 E -.25(va)
--.2 G(ilable in the special parameter $?.).25 E F3(Bash)108 561.6 Q F0
+(va)-.4 G .468(lid options or).25 F(missing ar)108 633.6 Q(guments.)-.18
+E(The e)108 650.4 Q(xit status of the last command is a)-.15 E -.25(va)
+-.2 G(ilable in the special parameter $?.).25 E F1(Bash)108 667.2 Q F0
.202(itself returns the e)2.702 F .202(xit status of the last command e)
-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .201
-(cuted, unless a syntax error occurs, in which case).15 F(it e)108 573.6
-Q(xits with a non-zero v)-.15 E 2.5(alue. See)-.25 F(also the)2.5 E F3
-(exit)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F2
-(SIGN)72 590.4 Q(ALS)-.219 E F0(When)108 602.4 Q F3(bash)2.502 E F0 .002
+(cuted, unless a syntax error occurs, in which case).15 F(it e)108 679.2
+Q(xits with a non-zero v)-.15 E 2.5(alue. See)-.25 F(also the)2.5 E F1
+(exit)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F3
+(SIGN)72 696 Q(ALS)-.219 E F0(When)108 708 Q F1(bash)2.502 E F0 .002
(is interacti)2.502 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.502(,i).15 G 2.502(nt)-2.502 G
.002(he absence of an)-2.502 F 2.502(yt)-.15 G .002(raps, it ignores)
--2.502 F F4(SIGTERM)2.502 E F0 .002(\(so that)2.252 F F3 .002(kill 0)
-2.502 F F0 .002(does not kill an in-)2.502 F(teracti)108 614.4 Q 1.216
+-2.502 F F4(SIGTERM)2.502 E F0 .002(\(so that)2.252 F F1 .002(kill 0)
+2.502 F F0 .002(does not kill an in-)2.502 F(teracti)108 720 Q 1.216
-.15(ve s)-.25 H .916(hell\), and).15 F F4(SIGINT)3.416 E F0 .915
-(is caught and handled \(so that the)3.166 F F3(wait)3.415 E F0 -.2(bu)
+(is caught and handled \(so that the)3.166 F F1(wait)3.415 E F0 -.2(bu)
3.415 G .915(iltin is interruptible\).).2 F .915(In all cases,)5.915 F
-F3(bash)108 626.4 Q F0(ignores)2.5 E F4(SIGQ)2.5 E(UIT)-.09 E F5(.)A F0
-(If job control is in ef)4.5 E(fect,)-.25 E F3(bash)2.5 E F0(ignores)2.5
-E F4(SIGTTIN)2.5 E F5(,)A F4(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F5(,)A F0(and)2.25
-E F4(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F5(.)A F0(Non-b)108 643.2 Q 1.064
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-(turn immediately with an e)108 177.6 Q
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+G(nd)-2.5 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A .784(The shell associates a)108 552 R
F5(job)5.024 E F0 .784(with each pipeline.)3.514 F .784(It k)5.784 F
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-(cuting jobs, which may be).15 F .325(listed with the)108 458.4 R F1
-(jobs)2.825 E F0 2.825(command. When)2.825 F F1(bash)2.825 E F0 .325
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-(ound)-.45 E F0 .324(\), it prints a line).77 F(that looks lik)108 470.4
-Q(e:)-.1 E([1] 25647)144 487.2 Q .241(indicating that this job is job n\
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+(ound)-.45 E F0 .324(\), it prints a line).77 F(that looks lik)108 576 Q
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(All of the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job)
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+5.733 F(.)-.4 E F1(Bash)5.732 E F0(uses)3.232 E(the)108 633.6 Q F5(job)
4.24 E F0(abstraction as the basis for job control.)2.73 E 1.981 -.8
-(To f)108 544.8 T .382(acilitate the implementation of the user interf)
+(To f)108 650.4 T .382(acilitate the implementation of the user interf)
.7 F .382(ace to job control, the operating system maintains the no-)-.1
-F 1.538(tion of a)108 556.8 R F5(curr)4.038 E 1.538(ent terminal pr)-.37
+F 1.538(tion of a)108 662.4 R F5(curr)4.038 E 1.538(ent terminal pr)-.37
F 1.537(ocess gr)-.45 F 1.537(oup ID)-.45 F F0 6.537(.M)C 1.537
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(group ID is equal to the current terminal process group ID\) recei)108
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-(board-generated signals such as).15 F F2(SIG-)2.523 E(INT)108 580.8 Q
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+(board-generated signals such as).15 F F2(SIG-)2.523 E(INT)108 686.4 Q
F3(.)A F0 1.215(These processes are said to be in the)5.716 F F5(for)
5.685 E -.4(eg)-.37 G -.45(ro).4 G(und).45 E F0(.).77 E F5(Bac)6.795 E
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(s; such processes are immune to k)-.55 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .146
(board-generated signals.).15 F .146(Only fore-)5.146 F .16
-(ground processes are allo)108 604.8 R .16(wed to read from or)-.25 F
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-(hich, unless caught, sus-).4 F(pends the process.)108 640.8 Q 1.087
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-(he user may then manipulate the state of this job, using the)-5.892 F
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-(ays to refer to a job in the shell.)-.1 F .777(The character)5.777 F/F1
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+(If the operating system on which)108 112.8 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
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+(Ty)108 124.8 S .302(ping the).8 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(suspend)3.142
+E F0 .302(character \(typically)3.572 F F2(^Z)2.801 E F0 2.801(,C)C .301
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+F 2.142(stopped and returns control to)108 136.8 R F2(bash)4.642 E F0
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+2.143(character \(typically)5.413 F F2(^Y)4.643 E F0 4.643(,C)C
+(ontrol-Y\))-4.643 E .021(causes the process to be stopped when it atte\
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+(ays to refer to a job in the shell.)-.1 F .777(The character)5.777 F F2
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--5.385 G .385(re\214x matches more than one job,)-2.885 F F1(bash)2.885
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(he other hand, refers to an)-2.694 F 2.694(yj)-.15 G .194
-(ob containing the string)-2.694 F F1(ce)2.694 E F0 .194
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(in its command line.)2.694 F .194(If the)5.194 F .306
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-G .317(utput pertaining to jobs \(e.g., the output of the)-2.817 F F1
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1<ad>2.533
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(ying job speci-)-.15 F(\214cation\) also refers to the current job)108
-220.8 Q(.)-.4 E .444
-(Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the fore)108 237.6 R
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-(ther output.)-2.658 F .158(If the)5.158 F F
1<ad62>2.658 E F0 .158
-(option to)2.658 F(the)108 302.4 Q F1(set)2.648 E F0 -.2(bu)2.648 G .148
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(ening command, the shell does not print another w)-.15 F(arning,)-.1 E
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484.8 R F1<ad78>
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597.6 R F2<ad78>
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-(an ASCII bell character \(07\))180 508.8 Q F1(\\d)144 520.8 Q F0
-(the date in "W)180 520.8 Q(eekday Month Date" format \(e.g., "T)-.8 E
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+(the date in "W)180 633.6 Q(eekday Month Date" format \(e.g., "T)-.8 E
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3.926 E F0 1.427
(\(3\) and the result is inserted into the prompt string; an)B(empty)180
-556.8 Q F2(format)2.5 E F0
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(results in a locale-speci\214c time representation.)2.5 E
-(The braces are required)5 E F1(\\e)144 568.8 Q F0
-(an ASCII escape character \(033\))180 568.8 Q F1(\\h)144 580.8 Q F0
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-Q F0(the hostname)180 592.8 Q F1(\\j)144 604.8 Q F0
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-144 616.8 Q F0(the basename of the shell')180 616.8 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G
-(erminal de)-2.5 E(vice name)-.25 E F1(\\n)144 628.8 Q F0(ne)180 628.8 Q
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-2.5 E F0(\(the portion follo)2.5 E(wing the \214nal slash\))-.25 E F1
-(\\t)144 664.8 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format)180
-664.8 Q F1(\\T)144 676.8 Q F0
-(the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format)180 676.8 Q F1(\\@)144
-688.8 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour am/pm format)180 688.8 Q F1(\\A)
-144 700.8 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format)180 700.8 Q F1
-(\\u)144 712.8 Q F0(the username of the current user)180 712.8 Q
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(40)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
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+(an ASCII escape character \(033\))180 681.6 Q F2(\\h)144 693.6 Q F0
+(the hostname up to the \214rst `.)180 693.6 Q(')-.7 E F2(\\H)144 705.6
+Q F0(the hostname)180 705.6 Q F2(\\j)144 717.6 Q F0
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+144 144 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format)180 144 Q F1
+(\\@)144 156 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour am/pm format)180 156 Q F1
+(\\A)144 168 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format)180 168 Q F1
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+192 Q F0(the v)180 192 Q(ersion of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0
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(bash)2.5 E F0 2.5(,v)C(ersion + patch le)-2.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
-(l\().15 G(e.g., 2.00.0\))-2.5 E F1(\\w)144 108 Q F0 .12(the v)180 108 R
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(ariable \()-.25 F F1($PWD)A F0 .119(\), with)B/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
($HOME)2.619 E F0(abbre)2.369 E .119(viated with a tilde \(uses)-.25 F
-(the v)180 120 Q(alue of the)-.25 E F2(PR)2.5 E(OMPT_DIR)-.27 E(TRIM)
--.36 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable\)).25 E F1(\\W)144 132 Q F0
-(the basename of)180 132 Q F1($PWD)2.5 E F0 2.5(,w)C(ith)-2.5 E F2
-($HOME)2.5 E F0(abbre)2.25 E(viated with a tilde)-.25 E F1(\\!)144 144 Q
-F0(the history number of this command)180 144 Q F1(\\#)144 156 Q F0
-(the command number of this command)180 156 Q F1(\\$)144 168 Q F0
-(if the ef)180 168 Q(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve U)-.25 H(ID is 0, a).15 E
-F1(#)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(therwise a)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E(\\)144 180 Q/F3 10
+(the v)180 228 Q(alue of the)-.25 E F2(PR)2.5 E(OMPT_DIR)-.27 E(TRIM)
+-.36 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable\)).25 E F1(\\W)144 240 Q F0
+(the basename of)180 240 Q F1($PWD)2.5 E F0 2.5(,w)C(ith)-2.5 E F2
+($HOME)2.5 E F0(abbre)2.25 E(viated with a tilde)-.25 E F1(\\!)144 252 Q
+F0(the history number of this command)180 252 Q F1(\\#)144 264 Q F0
+(the command number of this command)180 264 Q F1(\\$)144 276 Q F0
+(if the ef)180 276 Q(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve U)-.25 H(ID is 0, a).15 E
+F1(#)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(therwise a)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E(\\)144 288 Q/F3 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(nnn)A F0
-(the character corresponding to the octal number)180 180 Q F3(nnn)2.5 E
-F1(\\\\)144 192 Q F0 2.5(ab)180 192 S(ackslash)-2.5 E F1(\\[)144 204 Q
-F0(be)180 204 Q 1.257(gin a sequence of non-printing characters, which \
+(the character corresponding to the octal number)180 288 Q F3(nnn)2.5 E
+F1(\\\\)144 300 Q F0 2.5(ab)180 300 S(ackslash)-2.5 E F1(\\[)144 312 Q
+F0(be)180 312 Q 1.257(gin a sequence of non-printing characters, which \
could be used to embed a terminal)-.15 F
-(control sequence into the prompt)180 216 Q F1(\\])144 228 Q F0
-(end a sequence of non-printing characters)180 228 Q .12
-(The command number and the history number are usually dif)108 244.8 R
+(control sequence into the prompt)180 324 Q F1(\\])144 336 Q F0
+(end a sequence of non-printing characters)180 336 Q .12
+(The command number and the history number are usually dif)108 352.8 R
.119(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F .547(positio\
n in the history list, which may include commands restored from the his\
-tory \214le \(see)108 256.8 R F2(HIST)3.047 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0
-(be-)2.797 E(lo)108 268.8 Q .354(w\), while the command number is the p\
+tory \214le \(see)108 364.8 R F2(HIST)3.047 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0
+(be-)2.797 E(lo)108 376.8 Q .354(w\), while the command number is the p\
osition in the sequence of commands e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .354
-(cuted during the current).15 F .822(shell session.)108 280.8 R .822
+(cuted during the current).15 F .822(shell session.)108 388.8 R .822
(After the string is decoded, it is e)5.822 F .822
(xpanded via parameter e)-.15 F .823(xpansion, command substitution,)
--.15 F .683(arithmetic e)108 292.8 R .683(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15
+-.15 F .683(arithmetic e)108 400.8 R .683(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15
F -.25(va)-.15 G .683(l, subject to the v).25 F .682(alue of the)-.25 F
F1(pr)3.182 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .682(shell option \(see the de-)
-3.182 F 1.197(scription of the)108 304.8 R F1(shopt)3.697 E F0 1.197
+3.182 F 1.197(scription of the)108 412.8 R F1(shopt)3.697 E F0 1.197
(command under)3.697 F F2 1.197(SHELL B)3.697 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.197
(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.448 E 3.698(w\). This)-.25 F 1.198
(can ha)3.698 F 1.498 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(nw).15 E(anted)-.1 E .322(side ef)
-108 316.8 R .322(fects if escaped portions of the string appear within \
+108 424.8 R .322(fects if escaped portions of the string appear within \
command substitution or contain characters spe-)-.25 F(cial to w)108
-328.8 Q(ord e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)
-72 345.6 Q F0 .15
+436.8 Q(ord e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)
+72 453.6 Q F0 .15
(This is the library that handles reading input when using an interacti)
-108 357.6 R .451 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .151(hell, unless the).15 F F1
-(\255\255noediting)2.651 E F0(option)2.651 E .385(is gi)108 369.6 R -.15
+108 465.6 R .451 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .151(hell, unless the).15 F F1
+(\255\255noediting)2.651 E F0(option)2.651 E .385(is gi)108 477.6 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.885(na).15 G 2.885(ts)-2.885 G .385(hell in)-2.885 F -.2
(vo)-.4 G 2.885(cation. Line).2 F .385
(editing is also used when using the)2.885 F F1<ad65>2.884 E F0 .384
(option to the)2.884 F F1 -.18(re)2.884 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.884 G
-2.884(iltin. By).2 F(de-)2.884 E -.1(fa)108 381.6 S 1.406
+2.884(iltin. By).2 F(de-)2.884 E -.1(fa)108 489.6 S 1.406
(ult, the line editing commands are similar to those of Emacs.).1 F
3.907(Av)6.407 G 1.407(i-style line editing interf)-3.907 F 1.407
-(ace is also)-.1 F -.2(av)108 393.6 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85
+(ace is also)-.1 F -.2(av)108 501.6 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85
(editing can be enabled at an)3.35 F 3.35(yt)-.15 G .85(ime using the)
-3.35 F F1 .85(\255o emacs)3.35 F F0(or)3.35 E F1 .85(\255o vi)3.35 F F0
.85(options to the)3.35 F F1(set)3.35 E F0 -.2(bu)3.35 G(iltin).2 E
-(\(see)108 405.6 Q F2 .762(SHELL B)3.262 F(UIL)-.09 E .762(TIN COMMANDS)
+(\(see)108 513.6 Q F2 .762(SHELL B)3.262 F(UIL)-.09 E .762(TIN COMMANDS)
-.828 F F0(belo)3.012 E 3.262(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263(ot)-.8 G .763(urn of)
-3.263 F 3.263(fl)-.25 G .763
(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F1(+o)3.263 E
-(emacs)108 417.6 Q F0(or)2.5 E F1(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F1
-(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(Readline Notation)87 434.4 Q
+(emacs)108 525.6 Q F0(or)2.5 E F1(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F1
+(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(Readline Notation)87 542.4 Q
F0 .463(In this section, the Emacs-style notation is used to denote k)
-108 446.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 2.963(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke)
+108 554.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 2.963(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke)
2.963 G .463(ys are denoted by C\255)-.05 F F3 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A
-1.152(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 458.4 R(Similarly)6.152 E(,)
+1.152(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 566.4 R(Similarly)6.152 E(,)
-.65 E F3(meta)4.032 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153(ys are denoted by M\255)
-.05 F F3 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.653(,s)C 3.653(oM)-3.653 G 1.153
-(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.653 F(\(On)6.153 E -.1(ke)108 470.4 S .831
+(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.653 F(\(On)6.153 E -.1(ke)108 578.4 S .831
(yboards without a)-.05 F F3(meta)3.711 E F0 -.1(ke)3.591 G 2.131 -.65
(y, M)-.05 H<ad>.65 E F3(x)A F0 .831(means ESC)3.331 F F3(x)3.331 E F0
3.331(,i)C .83(.e., press the Escape k)-3.331 F 1.13 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .83
(hen the).15 F F3(x)4.1 E F0 -.1(ke)3.86 G 4.63 -.65(y. T)-.05 H .83
-(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .599(ESC the)108 482.4 R F3 .599(meta pr)3.099 F
+(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .599(ESC the)108 590.4 R F3 .599(meta pr)3.099 F
(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.599(.T)C .599(he combination M\255C\255)-5.599 F F3
(x)A F0 .599(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F3(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099
(rp)-3.099 G .6(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .9 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .6
-(hen hold).15 F(the Control k)108 494.4 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H
+(hen hold).15 F(the Control k)108 602.4 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H
(hile pressing the).15 E F3(x)3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G(\))
-.65 E .596(Readline commands may be gi)108 511.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.096
+.65 E .596(Readline commands may be gi)108 619.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.096
(nn).15 G(umeric)-3.096 E F3(ar)3.426 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.096(,w).27 G
.596(hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.096 F(Sometimes,)5.595 E
-(ho)108 523.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.418 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.118(ti)
+(ho)108 631.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.418 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.118(ti)
.4 G 3.119(st)-3.118 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619
(gument that is signi\214cant.)-.18 F -.15(Pa)5.619 G .619(ssing a ne)
.15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .919 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .619
-(ument to a command that).18 F 1.019(acts in the forw)108 535.2 R 1.018
+(ument to a command that).18 F 1.019(acts in the forw)108 643.2 R 1.018
(ard direction \(e.g.,)-.1 F F1(kill\255line)3.518 E F0 3.518(\)c)C
1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.018
-(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.018 E(mands whose beha)108 547.2 Q
+(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.018 E(mands whose beha)108 655.2 Q
(vior with ar)-.2 E(guments de)-.18 E(viates from this are noted belo)
--.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .811(When a command is described as)108 564 R F3
+-.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .811(When a command is described as)108 672 R F3
(killing)3.311 E F0(te)3.311 E .811(xt, the te)-.15 F .811
(xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .812
(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.312(l\().25 G F3
-(yank-)-3.312 E(ing)108 576 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529 F
+(yank-)-3.312 E(ing)108 684 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529 F
.029(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.529(di).15 G 2.529(na)-2.529 G F3
.029(kill ring)B F0 5.029(.C)C(onsecuti)-5.029 E .329 -.15(ve k)-.25 H
.029(ills cause the te).15 F .029(xt to be accumulated into one unit,)
--.15 F .567(which can be yank)108 588 R .567(ed all at once.)-.1 F .567
+-.15 F .567(which can be yank)108 696 R .567(ed all at once.)-.1 F .567
(Commands which do not kill te)5.567 F .567
(xt separate the chunks of te)-.15 F .567(xt on the kill)-.15 F(ring.)
-108 600 Q F1(Readline Initialization)87 616.8 Q F0 .091(Readline is cus\
-tomized by putting commands in an initialization \214le \(the)108 628.8
-R F3(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591(\214le\). The)2.591 F .091
-(name of this \214le)2.591 F .572(is tak)108 640.8 R .573(en from the v)
--.1 F .573(alue of the)-.25 F F2(INPUTRC)3.073 E F0 -.25(va)2.823 G
-3.073(riable. If).25 F .573(that v)3.073 F .573
-(ariable is unset, the def)-.25 F .573(ault is)-.1 F F3(~/.inputr)2.573
-E(c)-.37 E F0 5.573(.I).31 G 3.073(ft)-5.573 G(hat)-3.073 E 3.062
-(\214le does)108 652.8 R .562(not e)3.062 F .562
-(xist or cannot be read, the ultimate def)-.15 F .562(ault is)-.1 F F3
+108 708 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(41)199.835 E 0 Cg
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+F .091(name of this \214le)2.591 F .572(is tak)108 108 R .573
+(en from the v)-.1 F .573(alue of the)-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
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+(xist or cannot be read, the ultimate def)-.15 F .562(ault is)-.1 F F2
(/etc/inputr)4.212 E(c)-.37 E F0 5.561(.W).31 G .561
(hen a program which uses the)-5.561 F .174(readline library starts up,\
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-(ey b)-.1 H .175(indings and v).15 F .175(ariables are set.)-.25 F .175
-(There are)5.175 F .239(only a fe)108 676.8 R 2.739(wb)-.25 G .239
+ the initialization \214le is read, and the k)108 132 R .475 -.15(ey b)
+-.1 H .175(indings and v).15 F .175(ariables are set.)-.25 F .175
+(There are)5.175 F .239(only a fe)108 144 R 2.739(wb)-.25 G .239
(asic constructs allo)-2.739 F .239
(wed in the readline initialization \214le.)-.25 F .238
(Blank lines are ignored.)5.239 F .238(Lines be)5.238 F(gin-)-.15 E .553
-(ning with a)108 688.8 R F1(#)3.053 E F0 .554(are comments.)3.053 F .554
+(ning with a)108 156 R F1(#)3.053 E F0 .554(are comments.)3.053 F .554
(Lines be)5.554 F .554(ginning with a)-.15 F F1($)3.054 E F0 .554
(indicate conditional constructs.)3.054 F .554(Other lines denote)5.554
-F -.1(ke)108 700.8 S 2.5(yb)-.05 G(indings and v)-2.5 E
-(ariable settings.)-.25 E .987(The def)108 717.6 R .987(ault k)-.1 F
--.15(ey)-.1 G .987(-bindings may be changed with an).15 F F3(inputr)
-3.497 E(c)-.37 E F0 3.487(\214le. Other)3.797 F .987
-(programs that use this library may)3.487 F(add their o)108 729.6 Q
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--.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(or)108 112.8 Q
-(C\255Meta\255u: uni)144 124.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)
--.18 E(into the)108 136.8 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)2.51 E(c)-.37
-E F0 -.1(wo)2.81 G(uld mak).1 E 2.5(eM)-.1 G(\255C\255u e)-2.5 E -.15
-(xe)-.15 G(cute the readline command).15 E F1(univer)2.58 E(sal\255ar)
--.1 E(gument)-.37 E F0(.).68 E 1.01(The follo)108 153.6 R 1.011
-(wing symbolic character names are recognized:)-.25 F F1 -.4(RU)3.511 G
-(BOUT).4 E F0(,)1.27 E F1(DEL)4.091 E F0(,).53 E F1(ESC)4.021 E F0(,).72
-E F1(LFD)4.091 E F0(,).28 E F1(NEWLINE)4.211 E F0(,).73 E F1(RET)4.141 E
-F0(,)1.27 E F1(RETURN)108.63 165.6 Q F0(,)1.1 E F1(SPC)2.83 E F0(,).72 E
-F1(SP)2.83 E -.3(AC)-.9 G(E).3 E F0 2.5(,a).73 G(nd)-2.5 E F1 -.5(TA)2.5
-G(B).5 E F0(.).27 E .209(In addition to command names, readline allo)108
-182.4 R .209(ws k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.709(st).15 G 2.709(ob)-2.709 G
-2.709(eb)-2.709 G .209(ound to a string that is inserted when the k)
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-2.5 E(o)-.45 E F0(\).)A/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Readline K)87 211.2 Q
-(ey Bindings)-.25 E F0 .366(The syntax for controlling k)108 223.2 R
-.666 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .366(indings in the).15 F F1(inputr)2.876 E(c)-.37
-E F0 .366(\214le is simple.)3.176 F .366
-(All that is required is the name of the)5.366 F .264(command or the te)
-108 235.2 R .264(xt of a macro and a k)-.15 F .564 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .264
-(equence to which it should be bound.).15 F .263(The name may be speci-)
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-(ame, possibly with).15 F F1(Meta\255)2.638 E F0(or)2.638 E F1(Contr)
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--.15(ey s)-.1 H(e-).15 E(quence.)108 259.2 Q .161(When using the form)
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--.2 E F0 .16(is the name of a k)2.84 F .46 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .16
-(pelled out in Eng-).15 F 2.5(lish. F)108 288 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15
-E(Control-u: uni)144 312 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E
-(Meta-Rubout: backw)144 324 Q(ard-kill-w)-.1 E(ord)-.1 E
-(Control-o: "> output")144 336 Q .698(In the abo)108 352.8 R .998 -.15
-(ve ex)-.15 H(ample,).15 E F1(C\255u)3.038 E F0 .698
-(is bound to the function)3.448 F F2(uni)3.198 E -.1(ve)-.1 G
-(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(,)A F1(M\255DEL)3.878 E F0 .698
-(is bound to the func-)3.728 F(tion)108 364.8 Q F2
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+(-bindings may be changed with an).15 F F2(inputr)3.497 E(c)-.37 E F0
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+F0(,).72 E F2(LFD)4.091 E F0(,).28 E F2(NEWLINE)4.211 E F0(,).73 E F2
+(RET)4.141 E F0(,)1.27 E F2(RETURN)108.63 295.2 Q F0(,)1.1 E F2(SPC)2.83
+E F0(,).72 E F2(SP)2.83 E -.3(AC)-.9 G(E).3 E F0 2.5(,a).73 G(nd)-2.5 E
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+(In addition to command names, readline allo)108 312 R .209(ws k)-.25 F
+-.15(ey)-.1 G 2.709(st).15 G 2.709(ob)-2.709 G 2.709(eb)-2.709 G .209
+(ound to a string that is inserted when the k)-2.709 F .509 -.15(ey i)
+-.1 H(s).15 E(pressed \(a)108 324 Q F2(macr)2.5 E(o)-.45 E F0(\).)A F1
+(Readline K)87 340.8 Q(ey Bindings)-.25 E F0 .366
+(The syntax for controlling k)108 352.8 R .666 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .366
+(indings in the).15 F F2(inputr)2.876 E(c)-.37 E F0 .366
+(\214le is simple.)3.176 F .366(All that is required is the name of the)
+5.366 F .264(command or the te)108 364.8 R .264(xt of a macro and a k)
+-.15 F .564 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .264(equence to which it should be bound.)
+.15 F .263(The name may be speci-)5.264 F .138(\214ed in one of tw)108
+376.8 R 2.638(ow)-.1 G .138(ays: as a symbolic k)-2.738 F .438 -.15
+(ey n)-.1 H .138(ame, possibly with).15 F F2(Meta\255)2.638 E F0(or)
+2.638 E F2(Contr)2.638 E(ol\255)-.45 E F0(pre\214x)2.638 E .138
+(es, or as a k)-.15 F .439 -.15(ey s)-.1 H(e-).15 E(quence.)108 388.8 Q
+.161(When using the form)108 405.6 R F1 -.1(ke)2.661 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A
+F2(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.661 E F2(macr)2.661 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A
+F2 -.1(ke)2.661 G(yname)-.2 E F0 .16(is the name of a k)2.84 F .46 -.15
+(ey s)-.1 H .16(pelled out in Eng-).15 F 2.5(lish. F)108 417.6 R(or e)
+-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E(Control-u: uni)144 441.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
+(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(Meta-Rubout: backw)144 453.6 Q
+(ard-kill-w)-.1 E(ord)-.1 E(Control-o: "> output")144 465.6 Q .698
+(In the abo)108 482.4 R .998 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H(ample,).15 E F2(C\255u)
+3.038 E F0 .698(is bound to the function)3.448 F F1(uni)3.198 E -.1(ve)
+-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(,)A F2(M\255DEL)3.878 E F0 .698
+(is bound to the func-)3.728 F(tion)108 494.4 Q F1
+(backward\255kill\255w)2.759 E(ord)-.1 E F0 2.759(,a)C(nd)-2.759 E F2
(C\255o)2.599 E F0 .258(is bound to run the macro e)2.939 F .258
(xpressed on the right hand side \(that is, to)-.15 F(insert the te)108
-376.8 Q(xt)-.15 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF 6(>o)2.5 G(utput)-6 E F0
-(into the line\).)2.5 E .055(In the second form,)108 393.6 R F2("k)2.555
-E(eyseq")-.1 E F0(:)A F1(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.555 E F1(macr)
-2.555 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F2 -.1(ke)2.555 G(yseq).1 E F0(dif)2.556 E .056
-(fers from)-.25 F F2 -.1(ke)2.556 G(yname).1 E F0(abo)2.556 E .356 -.15
+506.4 Q(xt)-.15 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF 6(>o)2.5 G(utput)-6 E F0
+(into the line\).)2.5 E .055(In the second form,)108 523.2 R F1("k)2.555
+E(eyseq")-.1 E F0(:)A F2(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.555 E F2(macr)
+2.555 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F1 -.1(ke)2.555 G(yseq).1 E F0(dif)2.556 E .056
+(fers from)-.25 F F1 -.1(ke)2.556 G(yname).1 E F0(abo)2.556 E .356 -.15
(ve i)-.15 H 2.556(nt).15 G .056(hat strings)-2.556 F 1.284
-(denoting an entire k)108 405.6 R 1.584 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.284(equence m\
+(denoting an entire k)108 535.2 R 1.584 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.284(equence m\
ay be speci\214ed by placing the sequence within double quotes.).15 F
-(Some)6.284 E .385(GNU Emacs style k)108 417.6 R .685 -.15(ey e)-.1 H
+(Some)6.284 E .385(GNU Emacs style k)108 547.2 R .685 -.15(ey e)-.1 H
.385(scapes can be used, as in the follo).15 F .385(wing e)-.25 F .386
(xample, b)-.15 F .386(ut the symbolic character names)-.2 F
-(are not recognized.)108 429.6 Q("\\C\255u": uni)144 453.6 Q -.15(ve)
+(are not recognized.)108 559.2 Q("\\C\255u": uni)144 583.2 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E
-("\\C\255x\\C\255r": re\255read\255init\255\214le)144 465.6 Q
-("\\e[11~": "Function K)144 477.6 Q .3 -.15(ey 1)-.25 H(").15 E .315
-(In this e)108 494.4 R(xample,)-.15 E F1(C\255u)2.655 E F0 .315(is ag)
-3.065 F .315(ain bound to the function)-.05 F F2(uni)2.815 E -.1(ve)-.1
-G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 .315(C\255x C\255r)5.155 F F0
-.314(is bound to the func-)3.544 F(tion)108 506.4 Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G
-<ad72>.18 E(ead\255init\255\214le)-.18 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1
-(ESC [ 1 1 ~)3.01 E F0(is bound to insert the te)3.94 E(xt)-.15 E F3
-(Function Key 1)2.5 E F0(.)A
-(The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is)108 523.2 Q F2
-<5c43ad>144 535.2 Q F0(control pre\214x)180 535.2 Q F2<5c4dad>144 547.2
-Q F0(meta pre\214x)180 547.2 Q F2(\\e)144 559.2 Q F0
-(an escape character)180 559.2 Q F2(\\\\)144 571.2 Q F0(backslash)180
-571.2 Q F2(\\")144 583.2 Q F0(literal ")180 583.2 Q F2<5c08>144 595.2 Q
-F0(literal \010)180 595.2 Q(In addition to the GNU Emacs style escape s\
-equences, a second set of backslash escapes is a)108 612 Q -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable:).25 E F2(\\a)144 624 Q F0(alert \(bell\))180 624 Q F2(\\b)144
-636 Q F0(backspace)180 636 Q F2(\\d)144 648 Q F0(delete)180 648 Q F2
-(\\f)144 660 Q F0(form feed)180 660 Q F2(\\n)144 672 Q F0(ne)180 672 Q
-(wline)-.25 E F2(\\r)144 684 Q F0(carriage return)180 684 Q F2(\\t)144
-696 Q F0(horizontal tab)180 696 Q F2(\\v)144 708 Q F0 -.15(ve)180 708 S
-(rtical tab).15 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(42)193.45
-E 0 Cg EP
+("\\C\255x\\C\255r": re\255read\255init\255\214le)144 595.2 Q
+("\\e[11~": "Function K)144 607.2 Q .3 -.15(ey 1)-.25 H(").15 E .315
+(In this e)108 624 R(xample,)-.15 E F2(C\255u)2.655 E F0 .315(is ag)
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+G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(.)A F2 .315(C\255x C\255r)5.155 F F0
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+652.8 Q F1<5c43ad>144 664.8 Q F0(control pre\214x)180 664.8 Q F1<5c4dad>
+144 676.8 Q F0(meta pre\214x)180 676.8 Q F1(\\e)144 688.8 Q F0
+(an escape character)180 688.8 Q F1(\\\\)144 700.8 Q F0(backslash)180
+700.8 Q F1(\\")144 712.8 Q F0(literal ")180 712.8 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768
+Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(42)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
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-SF(\\)144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(nnn)A F0
-(the eight-bit character whose v)180 84 Q(alue is the octal v)-.25 E
-(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(one to three digits\))2.5 E F1(\\x)144 96
-Q F2(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 96 Q(alue is the he)
--.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0(\(one or tw)2.5 E
-2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E 1.141
-(When entering the te)108 112.8 R 1.141(xt of a macro, single or double\
+SF<5c08>144 84 Q F0(literal \010)180 84 Q(In addition to the GNU Emacs \
+style escape sequences, a second set of backslash escapes is a)108 100.8
+Q -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable:).25 E F1(\\a)144 112.8 Q F0(alert \(bell\))180
+112.8 Q F1(\\b)144 124.8 Q F0(backspace)180 124.8 Q F1(\\d)144 136.8 Q
+F0(delete)180 136.8 Q F1(\\f)144 148.8 Q F0(form feed)180 148.8 Q F1
+(\\n)144 160.8 Q F0(ne)180 160.8 Q(wline)-.25 E F1(\\r)144 172.8 Q F0
+(carriage return)180 172.8 Q F1(\\t)144 184.8 Q F0(horizontal tab)180
+184.8 Q F1(\\v)144 196.8 Q F0 -.15(ve)180 196.8 S(rtical tab).15 E F1
+(\\)144 208.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(nnn)A F0
+(the eight-bit character whose v)180 208.8 Q(alue is the octal v)-.25 E
+(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(one to three digits\))2.5 E F1(\\x)144
+220.8 Q F2(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 220.8 Q
+(alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0
+(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E 1.141
+(When entering the te)108 237.6 R 1.141(xt of a macro, single or double\
quotes must be used to indicate a macro de\214nition.)-.15 F .09
-(Unquoted te)108 124.8 R .09(xt is assumed to be a function name.)-.15 F
+(Unquoted te)108 249.6 R .09(xt is assumed to be a function name.)-.15 F
.089(In the macro body)5.089 F 2.589(,t)-.65 G .089
(he backslash escapes described abo)-2.589 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(are e)108
-136.8 Q 2.5(xpanded. Backslash)-.15 F(will quote an)2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G
+261.6 Q 2.5(xpanded. Backslash)-.15 F(will quote an)2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G
(ther character in the macro te)-2.5 E(xt, including " and \010.)-.15 E
-F1(Bash)108 153.6 Q F0(allo)2.929 E .429(ws the current readline k)-.25
+F1(Bash)108 278.4 Q F0(allo)2.929 E .429(ws the current readline k)-.25
F .729 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .429
(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the).15 F F1(bind)2.93 E F0
-.2(bu)2.93 G .43(iltin command.).2 F .046
-(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 165.6 R .346 -.15
+(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 290.4 R .346 -.15
(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F1<ad6f>2.545 E F0 .045
(option to the)2.545 F F1(set)2.545 E F0 -.2(bu)2.545 G .045
-(iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 177.6 Q/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E
+(iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 302.4 Q/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E
(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1
-(Readline V)87 194.4 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .043(Readline has v)108 206.4
+(Readline V)87 319.2 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .043(Readline has v)108 331.2
R .043(ariables that can be used to further customize its beha)-.25 F
(vior)-.2 E 5.043(.A)-.55 G -.25(va)-2.5 G .043
-(riable may be set in the).25 F F2(inpu-)2.554 E(tr)108 218.4 Q(c)-.37 E
-F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F1(set)144 235.2 Q F2
-(variable\255name value)2.5 E F0(or using the)108 247.2 Q F1(bind)2.5 E
-F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command \(see).2 E F3(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E
+(riable may be set in the).25 F F2(inpu-)2.554 E(tr)108 343.2 Q(c)-.37 E
+F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F1(set)144 360 Q F2
+(variable\255name value)2.5 E F0(or using the)108 372 Q F1(bind)2.5 E F0
+-.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command \(see).2 E F3(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E
(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E .79
-(Except where noted, readline v)108 264 R .79(ariables can tak)-.25 F
+(Except where noted, readline v)108 388.8 R .79(ariables can tak)-.25 F
3.29(et)-.1 G .79(he v)-3.29 F(alues)-.25 E F1(On)3.29 E F0(or)3.29 E F1
(Off)3.29 E F0 .79(\(without re)3.29 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .79(rd to case\).)
-.05 F(Unrecog-)5.79 E .448(nized v)108 276 R .448
+.05 F(Unrecog-)5.79 E .448(nized v)108 400.8 R .448
(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F .448(When a v)5.448 F .448(ariable v)
-.25 F .448(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .449
-(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-)-.25 F(ti)108 288 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .468
+(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-)-.25 F(ti)108 412.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .468
(\), and "1" are equi).15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(On)
2.968 E F0 5.468(.A)C .468(ll other v)-5.468 F .468(alues are equi)-.25
F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .467
(he v)-5.468 F .467(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108
-
300 S(lues are:).25 E F1(acti)108 316.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G<ad72>.1 E
-(egion\255start\255color)-.18 E F0 2.729(As)144 328.8 S .229(tring v)
+
424.8 S(lues are:).25 E F1(acti)108 441.6 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G<ad72>.1 E
+(egion\255start\255color)-.18 E F0 2.729(As)144 453.6 S .229(tring v)
-2.729 F .229(ariable that controls the te)-.25 F .229
(xt color and background when displaying the te)-.15 F .23
-(xt in the acti)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(re)144 340.8 Q 1.527
+(xt in the acti)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(re)144 465.6 Q 1.527
(gion \(see the description of)-.15 F F1(enable\255acti)4.026 E -.1(ve)
-.1 G<ad72>.1 E(egion)-.18 E F0(belo)4.026 E 4.026(w\). This)-.25 F
1.526(string must not tak)4.026 F 4.026(eu)-.1 G 4.026(pa)-4.026 G -.15
-(ny)-4.026 G(ph)144 352.8 Q .283
+(ny)-4.026 G(ph)144 477.6 Q .283
(ysical character positions on the display)-.05 F 2.783(,s)-.65 G 2.784
(oi)-2.783 G 2.784(ts)-2.784 G .284
(hould consist only of terminal escape sequences.)-2.784 F .45
-(It is output to the terminal before displaying the te)144 364.8 R .45
+(It is output to the terminal before displaying the te)144 489.6 R .45
(xt in the acti)-.15 F .75 -.15(ve r)-.25 H -.15(eg).15 G 2.95
(ion. This).15 F -.25(va)2.95 G .45(riable is reset to).25 F .378
-(the def)144 376.8 R .378(ault v)-.1 F .378(alue whene)-.25 F -.15(ve)
+(the def)144 501.6 R .378(ault v)-.1 F .378(alue whene)-.25 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.878(rt).15 G .379(he terminal type changes.)-2.878 F .379
(The def)5.379 F .379(ault v)-.1 F .379
(alue is the string that puts the)-.25 F .655
-(terminal in standout mode, as obtained from the terminal')144 388.8 R
+(terminal in standout mode, as obtained from the terminal')144 513.6 R
3.154(st)-.55 G .654(erminfo description.)-3.154 F 3.154(As)5.654 G .654
-(ample v)-3.154 F(alue)-.25 E(might be)144 400.8 Q/F4 10/Courier@0 SF
-("\\e[01;33m")2.5 E F0(.)A F1(acti)108
412.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G<ad72>.1 E
-(egion\255end\255color)-.18 E F0 3.908(As)144 424.8 S 1.408(tring v)
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+("\\e[01;33m")2.5 E F0(.)A F1(acti)108
537.6 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G<ad72>.1 E
+(egion\255end\255color)-.18 E F0 3.908(As)144 549.6 S 1.408(tring v)
-3.908 F 1.408(ariable that "undoes" the ef)-.25 F 1.408(fects of)-.25 F
F1(acti)3.908 E -.1(ve)-.1 G<ad72>.1 E(egion\255start\255color)-.18 E F0
1.409(and restores "normal")3.908 F .216
-(terminal display appearance after displaying te)144 436.8 R .216
+(terminal display appearance after displaying te)144 561.6 R .216
(xt in the acti)-.15 F .516 -.15(ve r)-.25 H -.15(eg).15 G 2.716
(ion. This).15 F .216(string must not tak)2.716 F 2.716(eu)-.1 G(p)
--2.716 E(an)144 448.8 Q 3.737(yp)-.15 G -.05(hy)-3.737 G 1.237
+-2.716 E(an)144 573.6 Q 3.737(yp)-.15 G -.05(hy)-3.737 G 1.237
(sical character positions on the display).05 F 3.737(,s)-.65 G 3.737
(oi)-3.737 G 3.737(ts)-3.737 G 1.238
(hould consist only of terminal escape se-)-3.737 F 2.928(quences. It)
-144 460.8 R .428(is output to the terminal after displaying the te)2.928
+144 585.6 R .428(is output to the terminal after displaying the te)2.928
F .427(xt in the acti)-.15 F .727 -.15(ve r)-.25 H -.15(eg).15 G 2.927
(ion. This).15 F -.25(va)2.927 G .427(riable is).25 F .518
-(reset to the def)144 472.8 R .518(ault v)-.1 F .518(alue whene)-.25 F
+(reset to the def)144 597.6 R .518(ault v)-.1 F .518(alue whene)-.25 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.018(rt).15 G .518(he terminal type changes.)-3.018 F
.518(The def)5.518 F .518(ault v)-.1 F .518(alue is the string that)-.25
F .252(restores the terminal from standout mode, as obtained from the t\
-erminal')144 484.8 R 2.751(st)-.55 G .251(erminfo description.)-2.751 F
-(A)5.251 E(sample v)144 496.8 Q(alue might be)-.25 E F4("\\e[0m")2.5 E
-F0(.)A F1(bell\255style \(audible\))108 508.8 Q F0 .01
-(Controls what happens when readline w)144 520.8 R .011
+erminal')144 609.6 R 2.751(st)-.55 G .251(erminfo description.)-2.751 F
+(A)5.251 E(sample v)144 621.6 Q(alue might be)-.25 E F4("\\e[0m")2.5 E
+F0(.)A F1(bell\255style \(audible\))108 633.6 Q F0 .01
+(Controls what happens when readline w)144 645.6 R .011
(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .011(If set to)5.011 F F1(none)
2.511 E F0 2.511(,r)C .011(eadline ne)-2.511 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E
-.94(rings the bell.)144 532.8 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F1(visible)3.44 E
+.94(rings the bell.)144 657.6 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F1(visible)3.44 E
F0 3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25
(va)-.2 G 3.44(ilable. If).25 F .94(set to)3.44 F F1(audible)3.44 E F0
-(,)A(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 544.8 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G
-(ell.)-2.5 E F1(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 556.8 Q F0
-.055(If set to)144 568.8 R F1(On)2.555 E F0 2.555(,r)C .056(eadline att\
+(,)A(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 669.6 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G
+(ell.)-2.5 E F1(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 681.6 Q F0
+.055(If set to)144 693.6 R F1(On)2.555 E F0 2.555(,r)C .056(eadline att\
empts to bind the control characters treated specially by the k)-2.555 F
-(ernel')-.1 E 2.556(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.556 E(nal dri)144 580.8 Q -.15
+(ernel')-.1 E 2.556(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.556 E(nal dri)144 705.6 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(heir readline equi)-2.5 E -.25(va)
--.25 G(lents.).25 E F1(blink\255matching\255par)108 592.8 Q(en \(Off\))
--.18 E F0 .21(If set to)144 604.8 R F1(On)2.71 E F0 2.71(,r)C .21
-(eadline attempts to brie\215y mo)-2.71 F .51 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .21
-(he cursor to an opening parenthesis when a closing).15 F
-(parenthesis is inserted.)144 616.8 Q F1(color)108 628.8 Q
-(ed\255completion\255pr)-.18 E(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .515(If set to)
-144 640.8 R F1(On)3.015 E F0 3.015(,w)C .515(hen listing completions, r\
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-2.936(completions using a dif)144 652.8 R 2.936(ferent color)-.25 F
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-(en from the v)-.1 F 2.935(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LS_COLORS)144 664.8 Q
-F0(en)3.076 E .577(vironment v)-.4 F 3.077(ariable. If)-.25 F .577
-(there is a color de\214nition in)3.077 F F1($LS_COLORS)3.077 E F0 .577
-(for the cus-)3.077 F .135(tom suf)144 676.8 R .135(\214x "readline-col\
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-\214x in-)-.25 F(stead of its def)144 688.8 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(color)108
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-(eadline displays possible completions using dif)-4.079 F 1.58
-(ferent colors to indicate their \214le)-.25 F 2.5(type. The)144 724.8 R
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(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(comment\255begin \(`)108 84 Q(`#')-.63 E('\))-.63 E F0 .885
-(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 96 R F1
+SF(blink\255matching\255par)108 84 Q(en \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .21(If set to)
+144 96 R F1(On)2.71 E F0 2.71(,r)C .21(eadline attempts to brie\215y mo)
+-2.71 F .51 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .21
+(he cursor to an opening parenthesis when a closing).15 F
+(parenthesis is inserted.)144 108 Q F1(color)108 120 Q
+(ed\255completion\255pr)-.18 E(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .515(If set to)
+144 132 R F1(On)3.015 E F0 3.015(,w)C .515(hen listing completions, rea\
+dline displays the common pre\214x of the set of possible)-3.015 F 2.936
+(completions using a dif)144 144 R 2.936(ferent color)-.25 F 7.936(.T)
+-.55 G 2.936(he color de\214nitions are tak)-7.936 F 2.935
+(en from the v)-.1 F 2.935(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LS_COLORS)144 156 Q F0
+(en)3.076 E .577(vironment v)-.4 F 3.077(ariable. If)-.25 F .577
+(there is a color de\214nition in)3.077 F F1($LS_COLORS)3.077 E F0 .577
+(for the cus-)3.077 F .135(tom suf)144 168 R .135(\214x "readline-color\
+ed-completion-pre\214x", readline uses this color for the common pre\
+\214x in-)-.25 F(stead of its def)144 180 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(color)108 192
+Q(ed\255stats \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.579(If set to)144 204 R F1(On)4.079 E
+F0 4.079(,r)C 1.579(eadline displays possible completions using dif)
+-4.079 F 1.58(ferent colors to indicate their \214le)-.25 F 2.5
+(type. The)144 216 R(color de\214nitions are tak)2.5 E(en from the v)-.1
+E(alue of the)-.25 E F1(LS_COLORS)2.5 E F0(en)2.5 E(vironment v)-.4 E
+(ariable.)-.25 E F1(comment\255begin \(`)108 228 Q(`#')-.63 E('\))-.63 E
+F0 .885(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 240 R F1
(insert\255comment)3.385 E F0 .884(command is e)3.384 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-3.384(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.384 E(mand is bound to)144 108 Q F1
+3.384(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.384 E(mand is bound to)144 252 Q F1
(M\255#)2.5 E F0(in emacs mode and to)2.5 E F1(#)2.5 E F0
(in vi command mode.)2.5 E F1(completion\255display\255width \(\2551\))
-108 120 Q F0 1.453(The number of screen columns used to display possibl\
-e matches when performing completion.)144 132 R .194(The v)144 144 R
+108 264 Q F0 1.453(The number of screen columns used to display possibl\
+e matches when performing completion.)144 276 R .194(The v)144 288 R
.193(alue is ignored if it is less than 0 or greater than the terminal \
screen width.)-.25 F 2.693(Av)5.193 G .193(alue of 0 will)-2.943 F
-(cause matches to be displayed one per line.)144 156 Q(The def)5 E
-(ault v)-.1 E(alue is \2551.)-.25 E F1(completion\255ignor)108 168 Q
-(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 180 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,r)C
+(cause matches to be displayed one per line.)144 300 Q(The def)5 E
+(ault v)-.1 E(alue is \2551.)-.25 E F1(completion\255ignor)108 312 Q
+(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 324 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,r)C
(eadline performs \214lename matching and completion in a case\255insen\
siti)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.25 H(ashion.).05 E F1
-(completion\255map\255case \(Off\))108 192 Q F0 .093(If set to)144 204 R
+(completion\255map\255case \(Off\))108 336 Q F0 .093(If set to)144 348 R
F1(On)2.593 E F0 2.593(,a)C(nd)-2.593 E F1(completion\255ignor)2.593 E
(e\255case)-.18 E F0 .093(is enabled, readline treats h)2.593 F .093
(yphens \()-.05 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF<ad>A F0 2.593(\)a)C .094
-(nd underscores)-2.593 F(\()144 216 Q F2(_)A F0 2.5(\)a)C 2.5(se)-2.5 G
+(nd underscores)-2.593 F(\()144 360 Q F2(_)A F0 2.5(\)a)C 2.5(se)-2.5 G
(qui)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent when performing case\255insensiti).25 E
.3 -.15(ve \214)-.25 H(lename matching and completion.).15 E F1
-(completion\255pr)108 228 Q(e\214x\255display\255length \(0\))-.18 E F0
+(completion\255pr)108 372 Q(e\214x\255display\255length \(0\))-.18 E F0
.829(The length in characters of the common pre\214x of a list of possi\
-ble completions that is displayed)144 240 R 1.274
-(without modi\214cation.)144 252 R 1.274(When set to a v)6.274 F 1.274
+ble completions that is displayed)144 384 R 1.274
+(without modi\214cation.)144 396 R 1.274(When set to a v)6.274 F 1.274
(alue greater than zero, common pre\214x)-.25 F 1.275
-(es longer than this)-.15 F -.25(va)144 264 S(lue are replaced with an \
+(es longer than this)-.15 F -.25(va)144 408 S(lue are replaced with an \
ellipsis when displaying possible completions.).25 E F1
-(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 276 Q F0 .53
-(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 288 R .529
+(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 420 Q F0 .53
+(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 432 R .529
(wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .56(erated by the)
-144 300 R F1(possible\255completions)3.06 E F0 3.06(command. It)3.06 F
+144 444 R F1(possible\255completions)3.06 E F0 3.06(command. It)3.06 F
.561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.061(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.061 E .561(ger v)
--.15 F .561(alue greater than or)-.25 F .783(equal to zero.)144 312 R
+-.15 F .561(alue greater than or)-.25 F .783(equal to zero.)144 456 R
.783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or equal to \
-the v)5.783 F .782(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 324 S .367
+the v)5.783 F .782(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 468 S .367
(riable, readline will ask whether or not the user wishes to vie).25 F
2.868(wt)-.25 G .368(hem; otherwise the)-2.868 F 2.868(ya)-.15 G .368
-(re simply)-2.868 F .673(listed on the terminal.)144 336 R 3.173(Az)
+(re simply)-2.868 F .673(listed on the terminal.)144 480 R 3.173(Az)
5.673 G .673(ero v)-3.173 F .673(alue means readline should ne)-.25 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.172(ra).15 G .672(sk; ne)-3.172 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05
-E .972 -.15(ve v)-.25 H .672(alues are treated)-.1 F(as zero.)144 348 Q
-F1(con)108 360 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .612(If set to)
-144 372 R F1(On)3.112 E F0 3.112(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.112 F
+E .972 -.15(ve v)-.25 H .672(alues are treated)-.1 F(as zero.)144 492 Q
+F1(con)108 504 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .612(If set to)
+144 516 R F1(On)3.112 E F0 3.112(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.112 F
-.15(ve)-.4 G .613(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k)
.15 F .913 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .613(equence by).15 F .541
(stripping the eighth bit and pre\214xing an escape character \(in ef)
-144 384 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F F2 .541(meta pr)3.041 F
-(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 396 Q F0 2.5(\). The)B(def)2.5 E(ault is)-.1 E F2
+144 528 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F F2 .541(meta pr)3.041 F
+(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 540 Q F0 2.5(\). The)B(def)2.5 E(ault is)-.1 E F2
(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut readline will set it to)-2.7 E F2(Of)2.5 E(f)
-.18 E F0(if the locale contains eight-bit characters.)2.5 E F1
-(disable\255completion \(Off\))108 408 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 420 R F1
+(disable\255completion \(Off\))108 552 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 564 R F1
(On)2.538 E F0 2.538(,r)C .038(eadline will inhibit w)-2.538 F .038
(ord completion.)-.1 F .038
(Completion characters will be inserted into the)5.038 F(line as if the)
-144 432 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E F0
-(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 444 Q(ol\255characters \(On\))-.18 E F0 1.211
-(When set to)144 456 R F1(On)3.711 E F0 3.711(,o)C 3.711(no)-3.711 G
+144 576 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E F0
+(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 588 Q(ol\255characters \(On\))-.18 E F0 1.211
+(When set to)144 600 R F1(On)3.711 E F0 3.711(,o)C 3.711(no)-3.711 G
1.211(perating systems that indicate the)-3.711 F 3.711(ys)-.15 G 1.21
(upport it, readline echoes a character)-3.711 F
-(corresponding to a signal generated from the k)144 468 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G
-(board.).15 E F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 480 Q F0 .141
-(Controls whether readline be)144 492 R .141(gins with a set of k)-.15 F
+(corresponding to a signal generated from the k)144 612 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G
+(board.).15 E F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 624 Q F0 .141
+(Controls whether readline be)144 636 R .141(gins with a set of k)-.15 F
.441 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .141(indings similar to).15 F F2(Emacs)2.642 E F0
(or)2.642 E F2(vi)2.642 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)5.142 E F0
-(can be set to either)144 504 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(vi)2.5 E
-F0(.)A F1(emacs\255mode\255string \(@\))108 516 Q F0 .518(If the)144 528
+(can be set to either)144 648 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(vi)2.5 E
+F0(.)A F1(emacs\255mode\255string \(@\))108 660 Q F0 .518(If the)144 672
R F2(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.018 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 -.25(va)3.018 G
.517(riable is enabled, this string is displayed immediately before the)
.25 F .622
-(last line of the primary prompt when emacs editing mode is acti)144 540
+(last line of the primary prompt when emacs editing mode is acti)144 684
R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.622(.T).15 G .622(he v)-5.622 F .622(alue is e)-.25 F
-.622(xpanded lik)-.15 F 3.122(ea)-.1 G -.1(ke)144 552 S 3.34(yb)-.05 G
+.622(xpanded lik)-.15 F 3.122(ea)-.1 G -.1(ke)144 696 S 3.34(yb)-.05 G
.839(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x)-3.34 F
-.839(es and backslash escape sequences is)-.15 F -.2(av)144 564 S 2.798
+.839(es and backslash escape sequences is)-.15 F -.2(av)144 708 S 2.798
(ailable. Use)-.05 F .298(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)2.798 F .298
(gin and end sequences of non-printing characters, which)-.15 F
(can be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the mode string.)
-144 576 Q F1(enable\255acti)108 588 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G<ad72>.1 E
-(egion \(On\))-.18 E F0(The)144 600 Q F2(point)3.246 E F0 .746
+144 720 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(44)199.835 E 0 Cg
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+SF(enable\255acti)108 84 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G<ad72>.1 E(egion \(On\))-.18 E F0
+(The)144 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(point)3.246 E F0 .746
(is the current cursor position, and)3.246 F F2(mark)3.246 E F0 .746
(refers to a sa)3.246 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.246(dc).15 G .746
(ursor position.)-3.246 F .745(The te)5.746 F .745(xt be-)-.15 F .344
-(tween the point and mark is referred to as the)144 612 R F2 -.37(re)
+(tween the point and mark is referred to as the)144 108 R F2 -.37(re)
2.844 G(gion)-.03 E F0 5.344(.W)C .344(hen this v)-5.344 F .344
(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(On)2.845 E F0 2.845(,r)C .345(eadline al-)
--2.845 F(lo)144 624 Q .098(ws certain commands to designate the re)-.25
+-2.845 F(lo)144 120 Q .098(ws certain commands to designate the re)-.25
F .098(gion as)-.15 F F2(active)2.598 E F0 5.098(.W)C .098(hen the re)
-5.098 F .098(gion is acti)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.598(,r).15 G .098
-(eadline high-)-2.598 F .97(lights the te)144 636 R .97(xt in the re)
+(eadline high-)-2.598 F .97(lights the te)144 132 R .97(xt in the re)
-.15 F .971(gion using the v)-.15 F .971(alue of the)-.25 F F1(acti)
3.471 E -.1(ve)-.1 G<ad72>.1 E(egion\255start\255color)-.18 E F0 3.471
(,w)C .971(hich def)-3.471 F .971(aults to)-.1 F .485
-(the string that enables the terminal')144 648 R 2.985(ss)-.55 G .485
+(the string that enables the terminal')144 144 R 2.985(ss)-.55 G .485
(tandout mode.)-2.985 F .485(The acti)5.485 F .785 -.15(ve r)-.25 H -.15
(eg).15 G .484(ion sho).15 F .484(ws the te)-.25 F .484(xt inserted by)
--.15 F(brack)144 660 Q(eted-paste and an)-.1 E 2.5(ym)-.15 G(atching te)
+-.15 F(brack)144 156 Q(eted-paste and an)-.1 E 2.5(ym)-.15 G(atching te)
-2.5 E(xt found by incremental and non-incremental history searches.)
--.15 E F1(enable\255brack)108 672 Q(eted\255paste \(On\))-.1 E F0 .84
-(When set to)144 684 R F1(On)3.34 E F0 3.34(,r)C .841(eadline con\214gu\
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+(When set to)144 180 R F1(On)3.34 E F0 3.34(,r)C .841(eadline con\214gu\
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E .841(fer as a)-.25 F .799(single string of characters, instead of tre\
-ating each character as if it had been read from the k)144 696 R -.15
-(ey)-.1 G(-).15 E 3.158(board. This)144 708 R(pre)3.158 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
+ating each character as if it had been read from the k)144 192 R -.15
+(ey)-.1 G(-).15 E 3.158(board. This)144 204 R(pre)3.158 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
.658(nts readline from e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .658(cuting an).15 F 3.158
(ye)-.15 G .659(diting commands bound to k)-3.158 F .959 -.15(ey s)-.1 H
-.659(equences ap-).15 F(pearing in the pasted te)144 720 Q(xt.)-.15 E
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-(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(enable\255k)108 84 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .893(When set to)144 96 R
+.659(equences ap-).15 F(pearing in the pasted te)144 216 Q(xt.)-.15 E F1
+(enable\255k)108 228 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .893(When set to)144 240 R
F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893
(eadline will try to enable the application k)-3.393 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .892(Some sys-)5.893 F
-(tems need this to enable the arro)144 108 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-2.6
-G(s.).15 E F1(enable\255meta\255k)108 120 Q(ey \(On\))-.1 E F0 .64
-(When set to)144 132 R F1(On)3.14 E F0 3.14(,r)C .64
+(tems need this to enable the arro)144 252 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-2.6
+G(s.).15 E F1(enable\255meta\255k)108 264 Q(ey \(On\))-.1 E F0 .64
+(When set to)144 276 R F1(On)3.14 E F0 3.14(,r)C .64
(eadline will try to enable an)-3.14 F 3.14(ym)-.15 G .64
(eta modi\214er k)-3.14 F .94 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .64
-(he terminal claims to support).15 F(when it is called.)144 144 Q
+(he terminal claims to support).15 F(when it is called.)144 288 Q
(On man)5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G(erminals, the meta k)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ey i)-.1 H
2.5(su).15 G(sed to send eight-bit characters.)-2.5 E F1
-(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 156 Q F0(If set to)144 168 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0
+(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 300 Q F0(If set to)144 312 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0
2.5(,t)C(ilde e)-2.5 E(xpansion is performed when readline attempts w)
--.15 E(ord completion.)-.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 180 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1
-(ve)-.1 G(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 .553(If set to)144 192 R F1(On)3.052
+-.15 E(ord completion.)-.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 324 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1
+(ve)-.1 G(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 .553(If set to)144 336 R F1(On)3.052
E F0 3.052(,t)C .552(he history code attempts to place point at the sam\
-e location on each history line re-)-3.052 F(trie)144 204 Q -.15(ve)-.25
+e location on each history line re-)-3.052 F(trie)144 348 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious-history).15 E
F0(or)2.5 E F1(next-history)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(history\255size \(unset\))
-108 216 Q F0 .948(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 228 R
+108 360 Q F0 .948(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 372 R
-.15(ve)-.2 G 3.448(di).15 G 3.448(nt)-3.448 G .948(he history list.)
-3.448 F .949(If set to zero, an)5.948 F 3.449(ye)-.15 G(xisting)-3.599
-E .483(history entries are deleted and no ne)144 240 R 2.983(we)-.25 G
+E .483(history entries are deleted and no ne)144 384 R 2.983(we)-.25 G
.483(ntries are sa)-2.983 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.983(d. If).15 F .482
(set to a v)2.983 F .482(alue less than zero, the num-)-.25 F .277
-(ber of history entries is not limited.)144 252 R .277(By def)5.277 F
+(ber of history entries is not limited.)144 396 R .277(By def)5.277 F
.278(ault, the number of history entries is set to the v)-.1 F .278
-(alue of)-.25 F(the)144 264 Q F1(HISTSIZE)3.411 E F0 .911(shell v)3.411
-F 3.411(ariable. If)-.25 F .911(an attempt is made to set)3.411 F/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(history\255size)3.41 E F0 .91(to a non-numeric v)3.41
-F(alue,)-.25 E
-(the maximum number of history entries will be set to 500.)144 276 Q F1
-(horizontal\255scr)108 288 Q(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .448
-(When set to)144 300 R F1(On)2.948 E F0 2.948(,m)C(ak)-2.948 E .448
+(alue of)-.25 F(the)144 408 Q F1(HISTSIZE)3.411 E F0 .911(shell v)3.411
+F 3.411(ariable. If)-.25 F .911(an attempt is made to set)3.411 F F2
+(history\255size)3.41 E F0 .91(to a non-numeric v)3.41 F(alue,)-.25 E
+(the maximum number of history entries will be set to 500.)144 420 Q F1
+(horizontal\255scr)108 432 Q(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .448
+(When set to)144 444 R F1(On)2.948 E F0 2.948(,m)C(ak)-2.948 E .448
(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G .449
(crolling the input horizontally on a)-2.948 F 1.194(single screen line\
when it becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a\
- ne)144 312 R(w)-.25 E 2.5(line. This)144 324 R
+ ne)144 456 R(w)-.25 E 2.5(line. This)144 468 R
(setting is automatically enabled for terminals of height 1.)2.5 E F1
-(input\255meta \(Off\))108 336 Q F0 1.061(If set to)144 348 R F1(On)
+(input\255meta \(Off\))108 480 Q F0 1.061(If set to)144 492 R F1(On)
3.561 E F0 3.561(,r)C 1.062(eadline will enable eight-bit input \(that \
is, it will not strip the eighth bit from the)-3.561 F .336
-(characters it reads\), re)144 360 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .335
+(characters it reads\), re)144 504 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .335
(rdless of what the terminal claims it can support.).05 F .335(The name)
-5.335 F F1(meta\255\215ag)2.835 E F0(is)2.835 E 2.864(as)144 372 S(ynon)
+5.335 F F1(meta\255\215ag)2.835 E F0(is)2.835 E 2.864(as)144 516 S(ynon)
-2.864 E .364(ym for this v)-.15 F 2.864(ariable. The)-.25 F(def)2.864 E
.364(ault is)-.1 F F2(Of)2.864 E(f)-.18 E F0 2.864(,b)C .364
(ut readline will set it to)-3.064 F F2(On)2.864 E F0 .365
-(if the locale contains)2.865 F(eight-bit characters.)144 384 Q F1
-(isear)108 396 Q(ch\255terminators \(`)-.18 E(`C\255[C\255J')-.63 E('\))
+(if the locale contains)2.865 F(eight-bit characters.)144 528 Q F1
+(isear)108 540 Q(ch\255terminators \(`)-.18 E(`C\255[C\255J')-.63 E('\))
-.63 E F0 .439(The string of characters that should terminate an increm\
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-.934(ing the character as a command.)144 420 R .935(If this v)5.935 F
+ental search without subsequently e)144 552 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E
+.934(ing the character as a command.)144 564 R .935(If this v)5.935 F
.935(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.435(nav).15 G .935
-(alue, the characters)-3.685 F F2(ESC)3.435 E F0(and)144 432 Q F2
+(alue, the characters)-3.685 F F2(ESC)3.435 E F0(and)144 576 Q F2
(C\255J)2.5 E F0(will terminate an incremental search.)2.5 E F1 -.1(ke)
-108 444 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.021(Set the current readline k)144
-456 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021
+108 588 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.021(Set the current readline k)144
+600 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021
(alid k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021(map names is).15 F F2 2.02
(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.52 F(d,)-.37 E .041
-(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 468 R F0 2.542(,a)C
+(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 612 R F0 2.542(,a)C
(nd)-2.542 E F2(vi\255insert)2.832 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)5.042 E F0 .042
(is equi)2.542 F -.25(va)-.25 G .042(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command)
-2.542 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.542 E F0 .449(is equi)144 480 R -.25(va)-.25 G
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.449(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)2.949 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.449(.T)C
.449(he def)-5.449 F .449(ault v)-.1 F .449(alue is)-.25 F F2(emacs)
3.139 E F0 2.948(;t).27 G .448(he v)-2.948 F .448(alue of)-.25 F F1
-(editing\255mode)2.948 E F0 .448(also af-)2.948 F(fects the def)144 492
-Q(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1 -.1(ke)108 504 S
-(yseq\255timeout \(500\)).1 E F0 .367(Speci\214es the duration)144 516 R
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+Q(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1 -.1(ke)108 648 S
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F2 -.37(re)2.867 G(adline).37 E F0 .367(will w)2.867 F .367
(ait for a character when reading an ambiguous k)-.1 F .668 -.15(ey s)
--.1 H(equence).15 E .525(\(one that can form a complete k)144 528 R .825
+-.1 H(equence).15 E .525(\(one that can form a complete k)144 672 R .825
-.15(ey s)-.1 H .524(equence using the input read so f).15 F(ar)-.1 E
3.024(,o)-.4 G 3.024(rc)-3.024 G .524(an tak)-3.024 F 3.024(ea)-.1 G
-.524(dditional in-)-3.024 F .806(put to complete a longer k)144 540 R
+.524(dditional in-)-3.024 F .806(put to complete a longer k)144 684 R
1.106 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 3.306(equence\). If).15 F .806(no input is recei)
3.306 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.306(dw).15 G .807(ithin the timeout,)-3.306 F
F2 -.37(re)3.307 G(adline).37 E F0(will)3.307 E .907(use the shorter b)
-144 552 R .907(ut complete k)-.2 F 1.207 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 3.407
+144 696 R .907(ut complete k)-.2 F 1.207 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 3.407
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(lue is speci\214ed in milliseconds, so a v).25 F .906(alue of)-.25 F
-.05(1000 means that)144 564 R F2 -.37(re)2.55 G(adline).37 E F0 .05
+.05(1000 means that)144 708 R F2 -.37(re)2.55 G(adline).37 E F0 .05
(will w)2.55 F .05(ait one second for additional input.)-.1 F .05
(If this v)5.05 F .05(ariable is set to a v)-.25 F(alue)-.25 E .051
-(less than or equal to zero, or to a non-numeric v)144 576 R(alue,)-.25
+(less than or equal to zero, or to a non-numeric v)144 720 R(alue,)-.25
E F2 -.37(re)2.551 G(adline).37 E F0 .051(will w)2.551 F .051
(ait until another k)-.1 F .351 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.551(sp).15 G(ressed)
--2.551 E(to decide which k)144 588 Q .3 -.15(ey s)-.1 H
-(equence to complete.).15 E F1(mark\255dir)108 600 Q(ectories \(On\))
--.18 E F0(If set to)144 612 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C
+-2.551 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(45)199.835 E 0 Cg
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+/Times-Bold@0 SF(mark\255dir)108 96 Q(ectories \(On\))-.18 E F0
+(If set to)144 108 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C
(ompleted directory names ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a s)-.2 H(lash appended.)
-.15 E F1(mark\255modi\214ed\255lines \(Off\))108 624 Q F0(If set to)144
-636 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,h)C(istory lines that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b)
+.15 E F1(mark\255modi\214ed\255lines \(Off\))108 120 Q F0(If set to)144
+132 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,h)C(istory lines that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b)
-.2 H(een modi\214ed are displayed with a preceding asterisk \().15 E F1
-(*)A F0(\).)A F1(mark\255symlink)108 648 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E
-(ectories \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .175(If set to)144 660 R F1(On)2.675 E F0
+(*)A F0(\).)A F1(mark\255symlink)108 144 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E
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2.675(,c)C .175
(ompleted names which are symbolic links to directories ha)-2.675 F .475
--.15(ve a s)-.2 H .175(lash appended \(sub-).15 F(ject to the v)144 672
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Q(alue of)-.25 E F1(mark\255dir)2.5 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(\).)A F1
-(match\255hidden\255\214les \(On\))108 684 Q F0 .193(This v)144 696 R
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.193(ariable, when set to)-.25 F F1(On)2.693 E F0 2.693(,c)C .192
(auses readline to match \214les whose names be)-2.693 F .192
(gin with a `.)-.15 F 2.692('\()-.7 G(hidden)-2.692 E .456
-(\214les\) when performing \214lename completion.)144 708 R .456
+(\214les\) when performing \214lename completion.)144 204 R .456
(If set to)5.456 F F1(Off)2.956 E F0 2.956(,t)C .456(he leading `.)
-2.956 F 2.956('m)-.7 G .457(ust be supplied by the)-2.956 F
-(user in the \214lename to be completed.)144 720 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
-(2022 March 11)144.29 E(45)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
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-SF(menu\255complete\255display\255pr)108 84 Q(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0
-1.586(If set to)144 96 R F1(On)4.086 E F0 4.086(,m)C 1.585(enu completi\
-on displays the common pre\214x of the list of possible completions)
--4.086 F(\(which may be empty\) before c)144 108 Q
-(ycling through the list.)-.15 E F1(output\255meta \(Off\))108 120 Q F0
-.506(If set to)144 132 R F1(On)3.006 E F0 3.006(,r)C .507(eadline will \
+(user in the \214lename to be completed.)144 216 Q F1
+(menu\255complete\255display\255pr)108 228 Q(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0
+1.586(If set to)144 240 R F1(On)4.086 E F0 4.086(,m)C 1.585(enu complet\
+ion displays the common pre\214x of the list of possible completions)
+-4.086 F(\(which may be empty\) before c)144 252 Q
+(ycling through the list.)-.15 E F1(output\255meta \(Off\))108 264 Q F0
+.506(If set to)144 276 R F1(On)3.006 E F0 3.006(,r)C .507(eadline will \
display characters with the eighth bit set directly rather than as a me\
-ta-)-3.006 F(pre\214x)144 144 Q .885(ed escape sequence.)-.15 F .884
+ta-)-3.006 F(pre\214x)144 288 Q .885(ed escape sequence.)-.15 F .884
(The def)5.884 F .884(ault is)-.1 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Of)3.384 E
(f)-.18 E F0 3.384(,b)C .884(ut readline will set it to)-3.584 F F2(On)
3.384 E F0 .884(if the locale contains)3.384 F(eight-bit characters.)144
-156 Q F1(page\255completions \(On\))108 168 Q F0 .808(If set to)144 180
+300 Q F1(page\255completions \(On\))108 312 Q F0 .808(If set to)144 324
R F1(On)3.308 E F0 3.308(,r)C .808(eadline uses an internal)-3.308 F F2
(mor)3.308 E(e)-.37 E F0(-lik)A 3.308(ep)-.1 G .808
(ager to display a screenful of possible comple-)-3.308 F
-(tions at a time.)144 192 Q F1
-(print\255completions\255horizontally \(Off\))108 204 Q F0 .228
-(If set to)144 216 R F1(On)2.727 E F0 2.727(,r)C .227(eadline will disp\
+(tions at a time.)144 336 Q F1
+(print\255completions\255horizontally \(Off\))108 348 Q F0 .228
+(If set to)144 360 R F1(On)2.727 E F0 2.727(,r)C .227(eadline will disp\
lay completions with matches sorted horizontally in alphabetical or)
--2.727 F(-)-.2 E(der)144 228 Q 2.5(,r)-.4 G(ather than do)-2.5 E
-(wn the screen.)-.25 E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 240 T
-(ert\255all\255at\255newline \(Off\)).08 E F0 .698(If set to)144 252 R
+-2.727 F(-)-.2 E(der)144 372 Q 2.5(,r)-.4 G(ather than do)-2.5 E
+(wn the screen.)-.25 E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 384 T
+(ert\255all\255at\255newline \(Off\)).08 E F0 .698(If set to)144 396 R
F1(On)3.198 E F0 3.198(,r)C .699
(eadline will undo all changes to history lines before returning when)
--3.198 F F1(accept\255line)3.199 E F0(is)3.199 E -.15(exe)144 264 S
+-3.198 F F1(accept\255line)3.199 E F0(is)3.199 E -.15(exe)144 408 S
2.686(cuted. By).15 F(def)2.686 E .186
(ault, history lines may be modi\214ed and retain indi)-.1 F .186
-(vidual undo lists across calls to)-.25 F F1 -.18(re)144 276 S(adline)
-.18 E F0(.)A F1(sho)108 288 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous \(Off\))-.1 E
-F0 .303(This alters the def)144 300 R .303(ault beha)-.1 F .304
+(vidual undo lists across calls to)-.25 F F1 -.18(re)144 420 S(adline)
+.18 E F0(.)A F1(sho)108 432 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous \(Off\))-.1 E
+F0 .303(This alters the def)144 444 R .303(ault beha)-.1 F .304
(vior of the completion functions.)-.2 F .304(If set to)5.304 F F1(On)
2.804 E F0 2.804(,w)C .304(ords which ha)-2.904 F .604 -.15(ve m)-.2 H
(ore).15 E 1.264(than one possible completion cause the matches to be l\
-isted immediately instead of ringing the)144 312 R(bell.)144 324 Q F1
-(sho)108 336 Q(w\255all\255if\255unmodi\214ed \(Off\))-.1 E F0 5.345
-(This alters the def)144 348 R 5.345(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345
+isted immediately instead of ringing the)144 456 R(bell.)144 468 Q F1
+(sho)108 480 Q(w\255all\255if\255unmodi\214ed \(Off\))-.1 E F0 5.345
+(This alters the def)144 492 R 5.345(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345
(vior of the completion functions in a f)-.2 F 5.346(ashion similar to)
--.1 F F1(sho)144 360 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous)-.1 E F0 6.691(.I)C
+-.1 F F1(sho)144 504 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous)-.1 E F0 6.691(.I)C
4.191(fs)-6.691 G 1.691(et to)-4.191 F F1(On)4.191 E F0 4.191(,w)C 1.691
(ords which ha)-4.291 F 1.991 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.691
-(ore than one possible completion).15 F 1.039(without an)144 372 R 3.539
+(ore than one possible completion).15 F 1.039(without an)144 516 R 3.539
(yp)-.15 G 1.039
(ossible partial completion \(the possible completions don')-3.539 F
3.539(ts)-.18 G 1.04(hare a common pre\214x\))-3.539 F(cause the matche\
-s to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.)144 384 Q F1
-(sho)108 396 Q(w\255mode\255in\255pr)-.1 E(ompt \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.022
-(If set to)144 408 R F1(On)3.522 E F0 3.522(,a)C 1.022
+s to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.)144 528 Q F1
+(sho)108 540 Q(w\255mode\255in\255pr)-.1 E(ompt \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.022
+(If set to)144 552 R F1(On)3.522 E F0 3.522(,a)C 1.022
(dd a string to the be)-3.522 F 1.021
(ginning of the prompt indicating the editing mode: emacs, vi)-.15 F
-(command, or vi insertion.)144 420 Q(The mode strings are user)5 E
+(command, or vi insertion.)144 564 Q(The mode strings are user)5 E
(-settable \(e.g.,)-.2 E F2(emacs\255mode\255string)2.5 E F0(\).)A F1
-(skip\255completed\255text \(Off\))108 432 Q F0 .094(If set to)144 444 R
+(skip\255completed\255text \(Off\))108 576 Q F0 .094(If set to)144 588 R
F1(On)2.594 E F0 2.594(,t)C .095(his alters the def)-2.594 F .095
(ault completion beha)-.1 F .095
-(vior when inserting a single match into the line.)-.2 F(It')144 456 Q
+(vior when inserting a single match into the line.)-.2 F(It')144 600 Q
2.546(so)-.55 G .046(nly acti)-2.546 F .346 -.15(ve w)-.25 H .046
(hen performing completion in the middle of a w).15 F 2.545(ord. If)-.1
F .045(enabled, readline does not)2.545 F 1.394(insert characters from \
-the completion that match characters after point in the w)144 468 R
-1.395(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, so portions of the w)144 480 Q
+the completion that match characters after point in the w)144 612 R
+1.395(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, so portions of the w)144 624 Q
(ord follo)-.1 E(wing the cursor are not duplicated.)-.25 E F1
-(vi\255cmd\255mode\255string \(\(cmd\)\))108 492 Q F0 .518(If the)144
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.25 F .475(last line of the primary prompt when vi editing mode is acti)
-144 516 R .775 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .476(nd in command mode.).15 F .476
-(The v)5.476 F(alue)-.25 E .33(is e)144 528 R .33(xpanded lik)-.15 F
+144 660 R .775 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .476(nd in command mode.).15 F .476
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2.83(eak)-.1 G .63 -.15(ey b)-2.93 H .33
(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x).15 F .33
-(es and backslash es-)-.15 F .244(cape sequences is a)144 540 R -.25(va)
+(es and backslash es-)-.15 F .244(cape sequences is a)144 684 R -.25(va)
-.2 G 2.744(ilable. Use).25 F .244(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)2.744 F
.245(gin and end sequences of non-printing)-.15 F(characters, which can\
be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the mode string.)144
-552 Q F1(vi\255ins\255mode\255string \(\(ins\)\))108 564 Q F0 .518
-(If the)144 576 R F2(show\255mode\255in\255pr)3.018 E(ompt)-.45 E F0
--.25(va)3.018 G .517
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+E F0 -.25(va)3.018 G .517
(riable is enabled, this string is displayed immediately before the).25
F .186(last line of the primary prompt when vi editing mode is acti)144
-588 R .486 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .186(nd in insertion mode.).15 F .187(The v)
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3.424(eak)-.1 G 1.224 -.15(ey b)-3.524 H .924
(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control pre\214x).15 F .923
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(\(2\) is appended to the \214lename)B
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(ariable settings to be performed as the result of tests.)-.25 F .096
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F1(term=)3.196 E F0 .696
(form may be used to include terminal-speci\214c k)3.196 F .996 -.15
-(ey b)-.1 H .697(indings, perhaps to bind).15 F .654(the k)180 189.6 R
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.954 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .654(equences output by the terminal').15 F 3.154
(sf)-.55 G .654(unction k)-3.154 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.154(s. The).15 F -.1
-(wo)3.154 G .654(rd on the right side of).1 F(the)180 201.6 Q F1(=)3.231
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E F0 .731(is tested ag)3.231 F .732(ainst both the full name of the ter\
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-
213.6 Q F1<ad>2.5 E F0 5(.T)C(his allo)-5 E(ws)-.25 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0
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379.2 Q F1<ad>2.5 E F0 5(.T)C(his allo)-5 E(ws)-.25 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0
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-F0 2.5(,f).77 G(or instance.)-2.5 E F1 -.1(ve)144 230.4 S(rsion).1 E F0
-(The)180 242.4 Q F1 -.1(ve)3.109 G(rsion).1 E F0 .608
+F0 2.5(,f).77 G(or instance.)-2.5 E F1 -.1(ve)144 396 S(rsion).1 E F0
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-(ainst speci\214c readline v)-.05 F(ersions.)-.15 E(The)180 254.4 Q F1
--.1(ve)2.771 G(rsion).1 E F0 -.15(ex)2.771 G .271
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+(ve)2.771 G(rsion).1 E F0 -.15(ex)2.771 G .271
(pands to the current readline v).15 F 2.772(ersion. The)-.15 F .272
-(set of comparison operators in-)2.772 F(cludes)180 266.4 Q F1(=)3.064 E
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F0 3.064(,\()C(and)-3.064 E F1(==)3.064 E F0(\),)A F1(!=)3.064 E F0(,)A
F1(<=)3.064 E F0(,)A F1(>=)3.064 E F0(,)A F1(<)3.064 E F0 3.064(,a)C(nd)
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(ersion number supplied on the right side)-.15 F .318
-(of the operator consists of a major v)180 278.4 R .318(ersion number)
--.15 F 2.818(,a)-.4 G 2.818(no)-2.818 G .318
-(ptional decimal point, and an op-)-2.818 F .101(tional minor v)180
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-(\). If the minor v)B .1(ersion is omitted, it is assumed to be)-.15 F
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-(gument)-.18 E(by whitespace.)180 314.4 Q F1(application)144 331.2 Q F0
-(The)180 343.2 Q F1(application)3.003 E F0 .503
-(construct is used to include application-speci\214c settings.)3.003 F
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+(application)144 496.8 Q F0(The)180 508.8 Q F1(application)3.003 E F0
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(nstance, the follo)-2.896 F .396(wing command adds a k)-.25 F .696 -.15
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+(ey s)-.1 H .397(equence that quotes the).15 F(current or pre)180 556.8
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--.25 F .98(rated from the comparison operator by whitespace; the operat\
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-(alue on the right hand side by whitespace.)-.25 F .13
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(vides commands for searching through the command history \(see)-.15 F
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+E .698(Incremental searches be)108 206.4 R .698
(gin before the user has \214nished typing the search string.)-.15 F
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-(search string is typed, readline displays the ne)108 696 R .112
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(alue the Escape and Control-J characters will terminate an incre-)-.25
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(equence bound to a readline command will terminate the search and e).15
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(wing is a list of the names of the commands and the def)-.25 F 1.391
(ault k)-.1 F 1.691 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.391(equences to which the).15 F
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(names without an accompan)2.621 F .121(ying k)-.15 F .421 -.15(ey s)-.1
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-(the follo)2.622 F(wing)-.25 E(descriptions,)108 283.2 Q F1(point)3.411
-E F0 .911(refers to the current cursor position, and)3.411 F F1(mark)
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3.411 E F0 .91(refers to a cursor position sa)3.411 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.41
-(db).15 G 3.41(yt)-3.41 G(he)-3.41 E F2(set\255mark)108 295.2 Q F0 2.5
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2.916(yn)-.15 G .416(umeric ar)-2.916 F .416
(gument supplied to these successi)-.18 F .715 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .415
-(alls de-).15 F 1.217(termines the direction to mo)144 180 R 1.518 -.15
+(alls de-).15 F 1.217(termines the direction to mo)144 348 R 1.518 -.15
(ve t)-.15 H 1.218(hrough the history).15 F 6.218(.A)-.65 G(ne)-2.5 E
-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.518 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.218
(ument switches the direction).18 F .494
-(through the history \(back or forw)144 192 R 2.994(ard\). The)-.1 F
+(through the history \(back or forw)144 360 R 2.994(ard\). The)-.1 F
.494(history e)2.994 F .494(xpansion f)-.15 F .494
(acilities are used to e)-.1 F .494(xtract the last)-.15 F -.1(wo)144
-204 S(rd, as if the "!$" history e).1 E(xpansion had been speci\214ed.)
--.15 E F2(shell\255expand\255line \(M\255C\255e\))108 216 Q F0 .622
-(Expand the line as the shell does.)144 228 R .622
+372 S(rd, as if the "!$" history e).1 E(xpansion had been speci\214ed.)
+-.15 E F1(shell\255expand\255line \(M\255C\255e\))108 384 Q F0 .622
+(Expand the line as the shell does.)144 396 R .622
(This performs alias and history e)5.622 F .623
-(xpansion as well as all of the)-.15 F(shell w)144 240 Q(ord e)-.1 E 2.5
+(xpansion as well as all of the)-.15 F(shell w)144 408 Q(ord e)-.1 E 2.5
(xpansions. See)-.15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)2.5 E(OR)-.162 E 2.25
(YE)-.315 G(XP)-2.25 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)2.25 E 2.5(wf)-.25 G
-(or a description of history e)-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F2
-(history\255expand\255line \(M\255^\))108 252 Q F0 .939
-(Perform history e)144 264 R .939(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F
+(or a description of history e)-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1
+(history\255expand\255line \(M\255^\))108 420 Q F0 .939
+(Perform history e)144 432 R .939(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F
(See)5.939 E F3(HIST)3.439 E(OR)-.162 E 3.189(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.189 E
(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.189 E 3.438(wf)-.25 G .938(or a descrip-)
--3.438 F(tion of history e)144 276 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F2(magic\255space)
-108 288 Q F0 .437(Perform history e)144 300 R .437
+-3.438 F(tion of history e)144 444 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(magic\255space)
+108 456 Q F0 .437(Perform history e)144 468 R .437
(xpansion on the current line and insert a space.)-.15 F(See)5.438 E F3
(HIST)2.938 E(OR)-.162 E 2.688(YE)-.315 G(XP)-2.688 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0
-(be-)2.688 E(lo)144 312 Q 2.5(wf)-.25 G(or a description of history e)
--2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F2(alias\255expand\255line)108 324 Q F0 .395
-(Perform alias e)144 336 R .395(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F
+(be-)2.688 E(lo)144 480 Q 2.5(wf)-.25 G(or a description of history e)
+-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(alias\255expand\255line)108 492 Q F0 .395
+(Perform alias e)144 504 R .395(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F
(See)5.395 E F3(ALIASES)2.895 E F0(abo)2.645 E .694 -.15(ve f)-.15 H
-.394(or a description of alias e).15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)144 348 Q F2
-(history\255and\255alias\255expand\255line)108 360 Q F0
-(Perform history and alias e)144 372 Q(xpansion on the current line.)
--.15 E F2(insert\255last\255ar)108 384 Q(gument \(M\255.)-.1 E 2.5(,M)
-.833 G -1.667(\255_ \))-2.5 F F0 2.5(As)144 396 S(ynon)-2.5 E(ym for)
--.15 E F2(yank\255last\255ar)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(.)A F2
-(edit\255and\255execute\255command \(C\255x C\255e\))108 408 Q F0(In)144
-420 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G .346 -.1(ke a).2 H 2.646(ne).1 G .146
+.394(or a description of alias e).15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)144 516 Q F1
+(history\255and\255alias\255expand\255line)108 528 Q F0
+(Perform history and alias e)144 540 Q(xpansion on the current line.)
+-.15 E F1(insert\255last\255ar)108 552 Q(gument \(M\255.)-.1 E 2.5(,M)
+.833 G -1.667(\255_ \))-2.5 F F0 2.5(As)144 564 S(ynon)-2.5 E(ym for)
+-.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(.)A F1
+(edit\255and\255execute\255command \(C\255x C\255e\))108 576 Q F0(In)144
+588 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G .346 -.1(ke a).2 H 2.646(ne).1 G .146
(ditor on the current command line, and e)-2.646 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .146
-(cute the result as shell commands.).15 F F2(Bash)5.147 E F0(at-)2.647 E
-(tempts to in)144 432 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F3($VISU)2.6 E(AL)-.54
+(cute the result as shell commands.).15 F F1(Bash)5.147 E F0(at-)2.647 E
+(tempts to in)144 600 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F3($VISU)2.6 E(AL)-.54
E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3($EDIT)2.25 E(OR)-.162 E F4(,)A F0(and)
-2.25 E F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(as the editor)2.5 E 2.5(,i)-.4 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G
-(hat order)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F2(Commands f)87 448.8 Q(or Changing T)-.25 E
-(ext)-.92 E F1(end\255of\255\214le)108 460.8 Q F2(\(usually C\255d\))2.5
-E F0 .799(The character indicating end-of-\214le as set, for e)144 472.8
+2.25 E F2(emacs)2.5 E F0(as the editor)2.5 E 2.5(,i)-.4 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G
+(hat order)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(Commands f)87 616.8 Q(or Changing T)-.25 E
+(ext)-.92 E F2(end\255of\255\214le)108 628.8 Q F1(\(usually C\255d\))2.5
+E F0 .799(The character indicating end-of-\214le as set, for e)144 640.8
R .799(xample, by)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(stty)3.299 E F0 5.799(.I)C
3.298(ft)-5.799 G .798(his character is read when)-3.298 F .592
-(there are no characters on the line, and point is at the be)144 484.8 R
+(there are no characters on the line, and point is at the be)144 652.8 R
.593(ginning of the line, Readline interprets it)-.15 F
-(as the end of input and returns)144 496.8 Q F3(EOF)2.5 E F4(.)A F2
-(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 508.8 Q F0 .442
-(Delete the character at point.)144 520.8 R .442
-(If this function is bound to the same character as the tty)5.442 F F2
-(EOF)2.941 E F0(char)2.941 E(-)-.2 E(acter)144 532.8 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(s)
--2.5 E F2(C\255d)2.5 E F0(commonly is, see abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.15 H
-(or the ef).15 E(fects.)-.25 E F2(backward\255delete\255char \(Rubout\))
-108 544.8 Q F0 .552(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 556.8 R
-5.553(.W)-.55 G .553(hen gi)-5.553 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.053(nan).15 G .553
-(umeric ar)-3.053 F .553(gument, sa)-.18 F .853 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .553
-(he deleted te).15 F .553(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 568.8 Q F2
--.25(fo)108 580.8 S(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .474
-(Delete the character under the cursor)144 592.8 R 2.974(,u)-.4 G .474
-(nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.974 F
-(character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 604.8 Q F2
-(quoted\255insert \(C\255q, C\255v\))108 616.8 Q F0 .778(Add the ne)144
-628.8 R .779(xt character typed to the line v)-.15 F 3.279
-(erbatim. This)-.15 F .779(is ho)3.279 F 3.279(wt)-.25 G 3.279(oi)-3.279
-G .779(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F2(C\255q)3.279 E F0 3.279
-(,f)C(or)-3.279 E -.15(ex)144 640.8 S(ample.).15 E F2
-(tab\255insert \(C\255v T)108 652.8 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0
-(Insert a tab character)144 664.8 Q(.)-.55 E F2
-(self\255insert \(a, b, A, 1, !, ...\))108 676.8 Q F0
-(Insert the character typed.)144 688.8 Q F2
-(transpose\255chars \(C\255t\))108 700.8 Q F0 .322
-(Drag the character before point forw)144 712.8 R .321(ard o)-.1 F -.15
-(ve)-.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .321
-(ving point forw)-.15 F .321(ard as well.)-.1 F 1.182
-(If point is at the end of the line, then this transposes the tw)144
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--.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
-(2022 March 11)144.29 E(50)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
+(as the end of input and returns)144 664.8 Q F3(EOF)2.5 E F4(.)A F1
+(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 676.8 Q F0 .442
+(Delete the character at point.)144 688.8 R .442
+(If this function is bound to the same character as the tty)5.442 F F1
+(EOF)2.941 E F0(char)2.941 E(-)-.2 E(acter)144 700.8 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(s)
+-2.5 E F1(C\255d)2.5 E F0(commonly is, see abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.15 H
+(or the ef).15 E(fects.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675
+E(50)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 51 51
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-(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(ar)144 84 Q
-(guments ha)-.18 E .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.5 G(ect.)
-.25 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(transpose\255w)108 96 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1
-E F0 .024(Drag the w)144 108 R .024(ord before point past the w)-.1 F
-.023(ord after point, mo)-.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
-2.523(rt).15 G .023(hat w)-2.523 F .023(ord as well.)-.1 F .023
-(If point)5.023 F
-(is at the end of the line, this transposes the last tw)144 120 Q 2.5
-(ow)-.1 G(ords on the line.)-2.6 E F1(upcase\255w)108 132 Q
-(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.698(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144 144
+(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
+SF(backward\255delete\255char \(Rubout\))108 84 Q F0 .552
+(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 96 R 5.553(.W)-.55 G .553
+(hen gi)-5.553 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.053(nan).15 G .553(umeric ar)-3.053 F
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+.553(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 108 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 120 S
+(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .474
+(Delete the character under the cursor)144 132 R 2.974(,u)-.4 G .474
+(nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.974 F
+(character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 144 Q F1
+(quoted\255insert \(C\255q, C\255v\))108 156 Q F0 .778(Add the ne)144
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+-.15 F .779(is ho)3.279 F 3.279(wt)-.25 G 3.279(oi)-3.279 G .779
+(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F1(C\255q)3.279 E F0 3.279(,f)C
+(or)-3.279 E -.15(ex)144 180 S(ample.).15 E F1(tab\255insert \(C\255v T)
+108 192 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0(Insert a tab character)144 204 Q(.)-.55 E F1
+(self\255insert \(a, b, A, 1, !, ...\))108 216 Q F0
+(Insert the character typed.)144 228 Q F1(transpose\255chars \(C\255t\))
+108 240 Q F0 .322(Drag the character before point forw)144 252 R .321
+(ard o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321
+(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .321(ving point forw)-.15 F .321
+(ard as well.)-.1 F .372
+(If point is at the end of the line, then this transposes the tw)144 264
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+(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .673 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.2(r-).15 G(guments ha)144
+276 Q .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.5 G(ect.).25 E F1
+(transpose\255w)108 288 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 E F0 .024(Drag the w)144
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+-2.523 F .023(ord as well.)-.1 F .023(If point)5.023 F
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R 1.698(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.198(ord. W)-.1 F 1.698(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)
-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.999 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.699
-(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 156 S(rd, b).1 E
-(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 168 Q
-(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 180 Q 1.648
+(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 348 S(rd, b).1 E
+(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 360 Q
+(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 372 Q 1.648
(wercase the current \(or follo)-.25 F 1.648(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.148
(ord. W)-.1 F 1.647(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.947 -.15
(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.647(ument, lo).18 F 1.647(wercase the pre)
--.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 192 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3
--.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 204 Q
-(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.974(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144 216
+-.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 384 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3
+-.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 396 Q
+(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.974(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144 408
R 1.974(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.474(ord. W)-.1 F 1.974(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)
-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.975
-(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 228 S(rd, b).1
-E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1 -.1(ove)108 240
-S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 252 S .438(ggle o).8 F -.15(ve)-.15
+(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 420 S(rd, b).1
+E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1 -.1(ove)108 432
+S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 444 S .438(ggle o).8 F -.15(ve)-.15
G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.438 G .438(th an e).4 F .438
(xplicit positi)-.15 F .737 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .437(umeric ar).15 F .437
(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4
-(Wi)144 264 S .78(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 -.15
+(Wi)144 456 S .78(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 -.15
(ve n)-.25 H .781(umeric ar).15 F .781(gument, switches to insert mode.)
--.18 F .781(This command af)5.781 F(fects)-.25 E(only)144 276 Q F1
+-.18 F .781(This command af)5.781 F(fects)-.25 E(only)144 468 Q F1
(emacs)4.395 E F0(mode;)4.395 E F1(vi)4.395 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.395
F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15 F(ferently)-.25 E 6.894(.E)-.65 G
1.894(ach call to)-6.894 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re)4.394 G
(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.894(starts in insert)4.394 F 3.968(mode. In)144
-288 R -.15(ove)3.968 G 1.468(rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1
+480 R -.15(ove)3.968 G 1.468(rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1
(self\255insert)3.969 E F0 1.469(replace the te)3.969 F 1.469
-(xt at point rather than)-.15 F .958(pushing the te)144 300 R .958
+(xt at point rather than)-.15 F .958(pushing the te)144 492 R .958
(xt to the right.)-.15 F .957(Characters bound to)5.958 F F1
(backward\255delete\255char)3.457 E F0 .957(replace the character)3.457
-F(before point with a space.)144 312 Q(By def)5 E
-(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87 328.8 Q
-(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 340.8 Q F0(Kill the te)144
-352.8 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1
-(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 364.8 Q F0(Kill backw)
-144 376.8 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1
-(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 388.8 Q F0(Kill backw)144 400.8
+F(before point with a space.)144 504 Q(By def)5 E
+(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87 520.8 Q
+(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 532.8 Q F0(Kill the te)144
+544.8 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1
+(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 556.8 Q F0(Kill backw)
+144 568.8 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1
+(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 580.8 Q F0(Kill backw)144 592.8
Q(ard from point to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E
(The killed te)5 E(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)
--2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 412.8 Q F0
+-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 604.8 Q F0
(Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.)144
-424.8 Q F1(kill\255w)108 436.8 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .728
-(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 448.8 R .729
+616.8 Q F1(kill\255w)108 628.8 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .728
+(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 640.8 R .729
(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .729
-(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 460.8 S
+(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 652.8 S
(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -.25(fo)2.5 G
-(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 472.8 Q
-(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 484.8 Q(ord behind point.)
+(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 664.8 Q
+(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 676.8 Q(ord behind point.)
-.1 E -.8(Wo)5 G(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1
-(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 496.8 Q
-(ord)-.1 E F0 .729(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 508.8
+(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 688.8 Q
+(ord)-.1 E F0 .729(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 700.8
R .728(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F
-.728(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 520.8 S
+.728(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 712.8 S
(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1(shell\255f)2.5 E
-(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255backward\255kill\255w)
-108 532.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0 3.025(Kill the w)144 544.8 R 3.025
-(ord behind point.)-.1 F -.8(Wo)8.025 G 3.025
-(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 F F1(shell\255back-)
-5.525 E(ward\255w)144 556.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 568.8 Q
-(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .365(Kill the w)144 580.8 R .365
-(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .364(ord boundary)-.1
-F 5.364(.T)-.65 G .364(he killed te)-5.364 F .364(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15
-(ve)-.2 G 2.864(do).15 G 2.864(nt)-2.864 G(he)-2.864 E(kill-ring.)144
-592.8 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 604.8 Q F0 .166(Kill the w)
-144 616.8 R .166
-(ord behind point, using white space and the slash character as the w)
--.1 F .167(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.167 E(killed te)144 628.8 Q
-(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)
--2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 640.8 Q F0
-(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 652.8 Q F1(kill\255r)108
-664.8 Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 676.8 Q(xt in the current re)
--.15 E(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 688.8 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E
-F0(Cop)144 700.8 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E
-(gion to the kill b)-.15 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72
-768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(51)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
+(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)
+150.675 E(51)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(copy\255backward\255w)108 84 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 96 Q 4.801(yt)-.1
+SF(shell\255backward\255kill\255w)108 84 Q(ord)-.1 E F0 3.025
+(Kill the w)144 96 R 3.025(ord behind point.)-.1 F -.8(Wo)8.025 G 3.025
+(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 F F1(shell\255back-)
+5.525 E(ward\255w)144 108 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 120 Q
+(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .365(Kill the w)144 132 R .365
+(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .364(ord boundary)-.1
+F 5.364(.T)-.65 G .364(he killed te)-5.364 F .364(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15
+(ve)-.2 G 2.864(do).15 G 2.864(nt)-2.864 G(he)-2.864 E(kill-ring.)144
+144 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 156 Q F0 .166(Kill the w)144
+168 R .166
+(ord behind point, using white space and the slash character as the w)
+-.1 F .167(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.167 E(killed te)144 180 Q
+(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)
+-2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 192 Q F0
+(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 204 Q F1(kill\255r)108 216
+Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 228 Q(xt in the current re)-.15 E
+(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 240 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E F0(Cop)
+144 252 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E
+(gion to the kill b)-.15 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F1
+(copy\255backward\255w)108 264 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 276 Q 4.801(yt)-.1
G 2.301(he w)-4.801 F 2.301(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2
E(fer)-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.3
-(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.8 E(ward\255w)144 108 Q
-(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 120 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0
-(Cop)144 132 Q 4.507(yt)-.1 G 2.007(he w)-4.507 F 2.007(ord follo)-.1 F
+(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.8 E(ward\255w)144 288 Q
+(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 300 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0
+(Cop)144 312 Q 4.507(yt)-.1 G 2.007(he w)-4.507 F 2.007(ord follo)-.1 F
2.007(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.008(.T)-.55
G 2.008(he w)-7.008 F 2.008(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 -.25
-(fo)4.508 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 144 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1
-(yank \(C\255y\))108 156 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 168 S
+(fo)4.508 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 324 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1
+(yank \(C\255y\))108 336 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 348 S
(nk the top of the kill ring into the b)1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer at point.)-.25
-E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 180 Q F0
-(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 192 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5
+E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 360 Q F0
+(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 372 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5
(op. Only)-2.5 F -.1(wo)2.5 G(rks follo).1 E(wing)-.25 E F1(yank)2.5 E
-F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 208.8 Q
-(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 220.8 Q
+F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 388.8 Q
+(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 400.8 Q
(gument \(M\2550, M\2551, ..., M\255\255\))-.1 E F0 .367
-(Add this digit to the ar)144 232.8 R .367
+(Add this digit to the ar)144 412.8 R .367
(gument already accumulating, or start a ne)-.18 F 2.867(wa)-.25 G -.18
(rg)-2.867 G 2.867(ument. M\255\255).18 F .366(starts a ne)2.867 F -.05
-(ga)-.15 G(-).05 E(ti)144 244.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G
-(ument.).18 E F1(uni)108 256.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1
-E F0 .778(This is another w)144 268.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F
+(ga)-.15 G(-).05 E(ti)144 424.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G
+(ument.).18 E F1(uni)108 436.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1
+E F0 .778(This is another w)144 448.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F
3.279(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .779
(wed by one or more digits,)-.25 F 1.376
(optionally with a leading minus sign, those digits de\214ne the ar)144
-280.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144
-292.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni)
+460.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144
+472.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni)
3.67 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(ag)3.67 E 1.17
(ain ends the numeric ar)-.05 F 1.17(gument, b)-.18 F 1.17(ut is other)
--.2 F(-)-.2 E .899(wise ignored.)144 304.8 R .898
+-.2 F(-)-.2 E .899(wise ignored.)144 484.8 R .898
(As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.899 F .898
(wed by a character that is)-.25 F 1.23
-(neither a digit nor minus sign, the ar)144 316.8 R 1.23
+(neither a digit nor minus sign, the ar)144 496.8 R 1.23
(gument count for the ne)-.18 F 1.23(xt command is multiplied by four)
--.15 F(.)-.55 E .823(The ar)144 328.8 R .823
+-.15 F(.)-.55 E .823(The ar)144 508.8 R .823
(gument count is initially one, so e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .823
(cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .822(es the ar)-.1 F
-(gument)-.18 E(count four)144 340.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)-2.5
+(gument)-.18 E(count four)144 520.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)-2.5
E(es the ar)-.1 E(gument count sixteen, and so on.)-.18 E F1(Completing)
-87 357.6 Q(complete \(T)108 369.6 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137
-(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 381.6 R 1.137
+87 537.6 Q(complete \(T)108 549.6 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137
+(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 561.6 R 1.137
(xt before point.)-.15 F F1(Bash)6.137 E F0 1.137
-(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 393.6 Q .533(xt as a v)
+(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 573.6 Q .533(xt as a v)
-.15 F .533(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .533(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with)
-.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .532(xt be)-.15 F
.532(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.032 E F0 .532(\), hostname \(if the)B(te)
-144 405.6 Q .701(xt be)-.15 F .701(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.201 E F0 .701
+144 585.6 Q .701(xt be)-.15 F .701(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.201 E F0 .701
(\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .702
(If none of these pro-)5.701 F
-(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 417.6 Q F1
-(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 429.6 Q F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 441.6 Q(xt before point.)
--.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 453.6 Q F0 .783
-(Insert all completions of the te)144 465.6 R .783
+(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 597.6 Q F1
+(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 609.6 Q F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 621.6 Q(xt before point.)
+-.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 633.6 Q F0 .783
+(Insert all completions of the te)144 645.6 R .783
(xt before point that w)-.15 F .783(ould ha)-.1 F 1.083 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
.783(een generated by).15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.282 E(pletions)144
-477.6 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 489.6 Q F0 .928(Similar to)144
-501.6 R F1(complete)3.428 E F0 3.428(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.628
+657.6 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 669.6 Q F0 .928(Similar to)144
+681.6 R F1(complete)3.428 E F0 3.428(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.628
F .929(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F
-1.194(possible completions.)144 513.6 R 1.194(Repeated e)6.194 F -.15
+1.194(possible completions.)144 693.6 R 1.194(Repeated e)6.194 F -.15
(xe)-.15 G 1.194(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.193
(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .828
-(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 525.6 R .828
+(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 705.6 R .828
(At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung)5.828 F .727
-(\(subject to the setting of)144 537.6 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0
+(\(subject to the setting of)144 717.6 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0
3.227(\)a)C .727(nd the original te)-3.227 F .727(xt is restored.)-.15 F
.727(An ar)5.727 F .727(gument of)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.227
E F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.227 E F0 1.73
-(positions forw)144 549.6 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F
+(positions forw)144 729.6 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F
-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.03 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.73
(ument may be used to mo).18 F 2.03 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ackw).15 E(ard)-.1
-E(through the list.)144 561.6 Q(This command is intended to be bound to)
-5 E F1 -.9(TA)2.5 G(B).9 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut is unbound by def)-2.7 E
-(ault.)-.1 E F1(menu\255complete\255backward)108 573.6 Q F0 .82
-(Identical to)144 585.6 R F1(menu\255complete)3.32 E F0 3.32(,b)C .82
-(ut mo)-3.52 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.32(sb).15 G(ackw)-3.32 E .82
-(ard through the list of possible completions, as if)-.1 F F1
-(menu\255complete)144 597.6 Q F0(had been gi)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
-(nan).15 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-2.5 H(ti).15 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg)
-.15 G 2.5(ument. This).18 F(command is unbound by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E
-F1(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 609.6 Q F0 .234
-(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 621.6 R
-.234(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)
-2.735 E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 633.6 R -.15
-(ve)-.2 G 2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1
-(possible\255completions)2.925 E F0 5.425(.T)C .425
-(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144 645.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1
-(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 657.6 Q F0
-(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 669.6 Q(xt before point.)
--.15 E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 681.6 Q
-F0(List the possible completions of the te)144 693.6 Q
-(xt before point, treating it as a \214lename.)-.15 E F1
-(complete\255user)108 705.6 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 717.6 Q
-(xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768
-Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(52)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
+E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(52)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
-(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(possible\255user)108 84 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 96 Q
+(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(through the list.)
+144 84 Q(This command is intended to be bound to)5 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
+SF -.9(TA)2.5 G(B).9 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut is unbound by def)-2.7 E(ault.)-.1
+E F1(menu\255complete\255backward)108 96 Q F0 .82(Identical to)144 108 R
+F1(menu\255complete)3.32 E F0 3.32(,b)C .82(ut mo)-3.52 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
+3.32(sb).15 G(ackw)-3.32 E .82
+(ard through the list of possible completions, as if)-.1 F F1
+(menu\255complete)144 120 Q F0(had been gi)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nan)
+.15 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-2.5 H(ti).15 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G
+2.5(ument. This).18 F(command is unbound by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1
+(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 132 Q F0 .234
+(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 144 R .234
+(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)2.735
+E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 156 R -.15(ve)-.2 G
+2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1(possible\255completions)
+2.925 E F0 5.425(.T)C .425(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144
+168 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 180 Q F0
+(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 192 Q(xt before point.)-.15
+E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 204 Q F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 216 Q
+(xt before point, treating it as a \214lename.)-.15 E F1
+(complete\255user)108 228 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 240 Q
+(xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(possible\255user)
+108 252 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 264 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(complete\255v)108
-108 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144 120 Q
+276 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144 288 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1
-(possible\255v)108 132 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 144 Q
+(possible\255v)108 300 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 312 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1
-(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 156 Q F0
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 168 Q
+(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 324 Q F0
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 336 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1
-(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 180 Q F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 192 Q
+(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 348 Q F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 360 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1
-(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 204 Q F0 .58
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 216 R .581
+(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 372 Q F0 .58
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 384 R .581
(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .581
-(Command comple-)5.581 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 228 R
+(Command comple-)5.581 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 396 R
.715(xt ag)-.15 F .715(ainst aliases, reserv)-.05 F .715(ed w)-.15 F
.715(ords, shell functions, shell b)-.1 F .715(uiltins, and)-.2 F
-(\214nally e)144 240 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
+(\214nally e)144 408 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
(cutable \214lenames, in that order).15 E(.)-.55 E F1
-(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 252 Q F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 264 Q
+(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 420 Q F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 432 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 E F1
-(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 276 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .424
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 288 R .425
+(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 444 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .424
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 456 R .425
(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .425
(ainst lines from the history list)-.05 F
-(for possible completion matches.)144 300 Q F1(dab)108 312 Q(br)-.1 E
+(for possible completion matches.)144 468 Q F1(dab)108 480 Q(br)-.1 E
-.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .611
-(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 324 R .611
+(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 492 R .611
(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .61(xt ag)-.15 F .61
(ainst lines from the his-)-.05 F
-(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 336 Q F1
-(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 348 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\
+(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 504 Q F1
+(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 516 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\
me completion and insert the list of possible completions enclosed with\
-in braces so)144 360 R(the list is a)144 372 Q -.25(va)-.2 G
+in braces so)144 528 R(the list is a)144 540 Q -.25(va)-.2 G
(ilable to the shell \(see).25 E F1(Brace Expansion)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 388.8 S(yboard Macr).25 E(os)-.18
-E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 400.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\))
-.833 E F0(Be)144 412.8 Q(gin sa)-.15 E
+-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 556.8 S(yboard Macr).25 E(os)-.18
+E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 568.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\))
+.833 E F0(Be)144 580.8 Q(gin sa)-.15 E
(ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G
-(board macro.).15 E F1(end\255kbd\255macr)108 424.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G
-(C\255x \))-2.5 E(\)).833 E F0(Stop sa)144 436.8 Q
+(board macro.).15 E F1(end\255kbd\255macr)108 592.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G
+(C\255x \))-2.5 E(\)).833 E F0(Stop sa)144 604.8 Q
(ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G
(board macro and store the de\214nition.).15 E F1
-(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 448.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5
-E F0(Re-e)144 460.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 1(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1
+(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 616.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5
+E F0(Re-e)144 628.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 1(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1
G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro app\
-ear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 472.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 E F1
-(print\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 484.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(\))-2.5 E F0
-(Print the last k)144 496.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G
+ear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 640.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 E F1
+(print\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 652.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(\))-2.5 E F0
+(Print the last k)144 664.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G
(board macro de\214ned in a format suitable for the).15 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1
-(Miscellaneous)87
513.6 Q -.18(re)108 525.6 S<ad72>.18 E
+(Miscellaneous)87
681.6 Q -.18(re)108 693.6 S<ad72>.18 E
(ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.776
-(Read in the contents of the)144 537.6 R F2(inputr)4.276 E(c)-.37 E F0
+(Read in the contents of the)144 705.6 R F2(inputr)4.276 E(c)-.37 E F0
1.777(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.277(yb)-.15 G 1.777
(indings or v)-4.277 F 1.777(ariable assignments)-.25 F(found there.)144
-549.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 561.6 Q F0 3.249
-(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 573.6 R
-5.748(sb)-.55 G 3.248(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.748 F F1
-(bell\255style)144 585.6 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255lo)108 597.6 Q(wer)-.1 E
-(case\255v)-.18 E(ersion \(M\255A, M\255B, M\255)-.1 E F2(x)A F1 2.5(,.)
-C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.738(If the meta\214ed character)144 609.6 R F2(x)
-4.238 E F0 1.739
-(is uppercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)4.238
-F(meta\214ed lo)144 621.6 Q(wercase character)-.25 E 5(.T)-.55 G
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-2.5 E(wercase.)-.25 E F1(pr)108 633.6 Q(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0
-(Metafy the ne)144 645.6 Q(xt character typed.)-.15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
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-(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 669.6 Q F1
--2.29 -.18(re v)108 681.6 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 .231
-(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 693.6 R .231(This is lik)5.231
-F 2.731(ee)-.1 G -.15(xe)-2.881 G .23(cuting the).15 F F1(undo)2.73 E F0
-.23(command enough times to re-)2.73 F
-(turn the line to its initial state.)144 705.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
-(2022 March 11)144.29 E(53)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
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-SF(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 84 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 96 Q
+SF(abort \(C\255g\))108 84 Q F0 3.249
+(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 96 R 5.748
+(sb)-.55 G 3.248(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.748 F F1
+(bell\255style)144 108 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255lo)108 120 Q(wer)-.1 E
+(case\255v)-.18 E(ersion \(M\255A, M\255B, M\255)-.1 E/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1 2.5(,.)C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.738
+(If the meta\214ed character)144 132 R F2(x)4.238 E F0 1.739
+(is uppercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)4.238
+F(meta\214ed lo)144 144 Q(wercase character)-.25 E 5(.T)-.55 G(he beha)
+-5 E(vior is unde\214ned if)-.2 E F2(x)2.5 E F0(is already lo)2.5 E
+(wercase.)-.25 E F1(pr)108 156 Q(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0
+(Metafy the ne)144 168 Q(xt character typed.)-.15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
+(ESC)5 E F1(f)2.25 E F0(is equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1
+(Meta\255f)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(undo \(C\255_, C\255x C\255u\))108 180 Q F0
+(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 192 Q F1
+-2.29 -.18(re v)108 204 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 .231
+(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 216 R .231(This is lik)5.231 F
+2.731(ee)-.1 G -.15(xe)-2.881 G .23(cuting the).15 F F1(undo)2.73 E F0
+.23(command enough times to re-)2.73 F
+(turn the line to its initial state.)144 228 Q F1
+(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 240 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 252 Q
(xpansion on the current w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E F1
-(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255<space>\))108 108 Q F0
-(Set the mark to the point.)144 120 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E
+(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255<space>\))108 264 Q F0
+(Set the mark to the point.)144 276 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E
(gument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.)-.18 E F1
-(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 132 Q F0(Sw)144
-144 Q .282(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283
+(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 288 Q F0(Sw)144
+300 Q .282(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283
(The current cursor position is set to the sa)5.283 F -.15(ve)-.2 G
2.783(dp).15 G .283(osition, and the old)-2.783 F(cursor position is sa)
-144 156 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1
-(character\255sear)108 168 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.036(Ac)144 180 S
+144 312 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1
+(character\255sear)108 324 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.036(Ac)144 336 S
.536(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.036 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(dt)
.15 G 3.035(ot)-3.035 G .535(he ne)-3.035 F .535
(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.535(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05
(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .835 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre)
-144 192 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 204 Q
-(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.543(Ac)144 216 S 1.043
+144 348 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 360 Q
+(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.543(Ac)144 372 S 1.043
(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.543 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G
3.544(ot)-3.544 G 1.044(he pre)-3.544 F 1.044
(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.044(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E
-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 228 Q F1
-(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 240 Q F0 1.827
-(Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 252 R 2.126 -.15(ey s)
+(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 384 Q F1
+(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 396 Q F0 1.827
+(Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 408 R 2.126 -.15(ey s)
-.1 H 1.826(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
-4.326(sl).15 G(ik)-4.326 E(e)-.1 E .79(Home and End.)144 264 R .791
+4.326(sl).15 G(ik)-4.326 E(e)-.1 E .79(Home and End.)144 420 R .791
(Such sequences be)5.79 F .791
(gin with a Control Sequence Indicator \(CSI\), usually ESC\255[.)-.15 F
-.332(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 276 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.831
+.332(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 432 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.831
(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .631 -.15(ve n)
-.2 H 2.831(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.831 G .331(ect unless e).25 F(xplic-)
-.15 E .026(itly bound to a readline command, instead of inserting stra\
-y characters into the editing b)144 288 R(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.026(.T)
--.55 G(his)-5.026 E(is unbound by def)144 300 Q(ault, b)-.1 E
+y characters into the editing b)144 444 R(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.026(.T)
+-.55 G(his)-5.026 E(is unbound by def)144 456 Q(ault, b)-.1 E
(ut usually bound to ESC\255[.)-.2 E F1(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108
-312 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 324 S .481(thout a numeric ar).4 F .481
+468 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 480 S .481(thout a numeric ar).4 F .481
(gument, the v)-.18 F .481(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1
(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va)2.981 G .48
-(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 336 Q .244
+(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 492 Q .244
(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .245(If a numeric ar)5.244 F .245
(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if)-.18 F .322
-(the characters at the be)144 348 R .321
+(the characters at the be)144 504 R .321
(ginning of the line do not match the v)-.15 F .321(alue of)-.25 F F1
(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.821(,t)C .321(he v)-2.821 F .321(alue is)
--.25 F .831(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 360 R F1
+-.25 F .831(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 516 R F1
(comment\255begin)3.331 E F0 .832(are deleted from the be)3.331 F .832
(ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.469
-(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 372 R 1.468
+(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 528 R 1.468
(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.468(The def)6.468 F 1.468(ault v)-.1 F
-1.468(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.968 E(ment\255begin)144 384 Q F0 .839
+1.468(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.968 E(ment\255begin)144 540 Q F0 .839
(causes this command to mak)3.339 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839
(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .84(If a numeric ar)5.84 F
-(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 396 Q -.15
+(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 552 Q -.15
(ve)-.15 G(d, the line will be e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
-(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(spell\255corr)108 408 Q(ect\255w)-.18 E
+(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(spell\255corr)108 564 Q(ect\255w)-.18 E
(ord \(C\255x s\))-.1 E F0 .421
-(Perform spelling correction on the current w)144 420 R .42
+(Perform spelling correction on the current w)144 576 R .42
(ord, treating it as a directory or \214lename, in the same)-.1 F -.1
-(wa)144 432 S 4.717(ya).1 G 4.717(st)-4.717 G(he)-4.717 E F1(cdspell)
+(wa)144 588 S 4.717(ya).1 G 4.717(st)-4.717 G(he)-4.717 E F1(cdspell)
4.717 E F0 2.217(shell option.)4.717 F -.8(Wo)7.217 G 2.217
(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 F F1(shell\255f)4.718 E
-(or)-.25 E(-)-.37 E(ward\255w)144 444 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1
-(glob\255complete\255w)108 456 Q(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .792(The w)144
-468 R .791(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F
+(or)-.25 E(-)-.37 E(ward\255w)144 600 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1
+(glob\255complete\255w)108 612 Q(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .792(The w)144
+624 R .791(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F
.791(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144
-480 R(pattern is used to generate a list of matching \214lenames for po\
-ssible completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 492 Q
-(ord \(C\255x *\))-.1 E F0 .175(The w)144 504 R .176
+636 R(pattern is used to generate a list of matching \214lenames for po\
+ssible completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 648 Q
+(ord \(C\255x *\))-.1 E F0 .175(The w)144 660 R .176
(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .176
(xpansion, and the list of matching \214le-)-.15 F .516
-(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 516 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016
+(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 672 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016
(an)3.016 G .516(umeric ar)-3.016 F .516
(gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended)-.18 F(before pathname e)
-144 528 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(glob\255list\255expansions \(C\255x g\))
-108 540 Q F0 .923(The list of e)144 552 R .923(xpansions that w)-.15 F
+144 684 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(glob\255list\255expansions \(C\255x g\))
+108 696 Q F0 .923(The list of e)144 708 R .923(xpansions that w)-.15 F
.923(ould ha)-.1 F 1.223 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .923(een generated by).15 F F1
(glob\255expand\255w)3.423 E(ord)-.1 E F0 .923(is displayed, and)3.423 F
-.872(the line is redra)144 564 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G
+.872(the line is redra)144 720 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G
.872(umeric ar)-3.372 F .872
-(gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before pathname)-.18 F -.15
-(ex)144 576 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 588 Q F0 .626
-(Print all of the functions and their k)144 600 R .926 -.15(ey b)-.1 H
+(gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before pathname)-.18 F
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(54)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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+(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -.15(ex)144 84 S
+(pansion.).15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(dump\255functions)108 96 Q F0 .626
+(Print all of the functions and their k)144 108 R .926 -.15(ey b)-.1 H
.627(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .627(If a numeric ar)
5.627 F(gu-)-.18 E
-(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 612 Q
+(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 120 Q
(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)
-2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 624 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0
-.763(Print all of the settable readline v)144 636 R .762
+2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 132 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0
+.763(Print all of the settable readline v)144 144 R .762
(ariables and their v)-.25 F .762(alues to the readline output stream.)
--.25 F .762(If a nu-)5.762 F .108(meric ar)144 648 R .108
+-.25 F .762(If a nu-)5.762 F .108(meric ar)144 156 R .108
(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .109
-(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(in-)2.609 E(putr)144 660 Q
-(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 672 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .593
-(Print all of the readline k)144 684 R .893 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592
+(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(in-)2.609 E(putr)144 168 Q
+(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 180 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .593
+(Print all of the readline k)144 192 R .893 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592
(equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.092(yo)-.15 G
-3.092(utput. If)-3.092 F 3.092(an)3.092 G(umeric)-3.092 E(ar)144 696 Q
+3.092(utput. If)-3.092 F 3.092(an)3.092 G(umeric)-3.092 E(ar)144 204 Q
.528(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .528
(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.028 E(c)-.37 E F0
-(\214le.)144 708 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(54)
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
-(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(display\255shell\255v)108 84 Q(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0
-(Display v)144 96 Q(ersion information about the current instance of)
--.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 112.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18
-E F0 .147(When w)108 124.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)
--.1 F .147
+(\214le.)144 216 Q F1(display\255shell\255v)108 228 Q
+(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 240 Q
+(ersion information about the current instance of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E
+F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 256.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .147(When w)108
+268.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)-.1 F .147
(gument to a command for which a completion speci\214cation \(a)-.18 F
-/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(compspec)108 136.8 Q F0 3.828(\)h)C 1.329
+F2(compspec)108 280.8 Q F0 3.828(\)h)C 1.329
(as been de\214ned using the)-3.828 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu)
3.829 G 1.329(iltin \(see).2 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.329(SHELL B)3.829
F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.329(w\), the)
--.25 F(programmable completion f)108 148.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2
+-.25 F(programmable completion f)108 292.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2
(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .498
-(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 165.6 R .498
+(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 309.6 R .498
(If the command w)5.498 F .497
(ord is the empty string \(completion attempted at)-.1 F .233(the be)108
-177.6 R .233(ginning of an empty line\), an)-.15 F 2.733(yc)-.15 G .233
+321.6 R .233(ginning of an empty line\), an)-.15 F 2.733(yc)-.15 G .233
(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.733 F F1<ad45>2.733 E F0 .233(option to)
2.733 F F1(complete)2.733 E F0 .233(is used.)2.733 F .234(If a comp-)
5.234 F .481(spec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is \
-used to generate the list of possible completions)108 189.6 R .822
-(for the w)108 201.6 R 3.322(ord. If)-.1 F .822(the command w)3.322 F
+used to generate the list of possible completions)108 333.6 R .822
+(for the w)108 345.6 R 3.322(ord. If)-.1 F .822(the command w)3.322 F
.823(ord is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is search\
-ed for)-.1 F 2.867(\214rst. If)108 213.6 R .366(no compspec is found fo\
+ed for)-.1 F 2.867(\214rst. If)108 357.6 R .366(no compspec is found fo\
r the full pathname, an attempt is made to \214nd a compspec for the po\
-rtion)2.867 F(follo)108 225.6 Q .298(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298
+rtion)2.867 F(follo)108 369.6 Q .298(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298
(If those searches do not result in a compspec, an)5.298 F 2.799(yc)-.15
G .299(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.799 F F1<ad44>2.799 E F0 .057
-(option to)108 237.6 R F1(complete)2.557 E F0 .056(is used as the def)
+(option to)108 381.6 R F1(complete)2.557 E F0 .056(is used as the def)
2.556 F 2.556(ault. If)-.1 F .056(there is no def)2.556 F .056
(ault compspec,)-.1 F F1(bash)2.556 E F0 .056(attempts alias e)2.556 F
-.056(xpansion on)-.15 F .332(the command w)108 249.6 R .332(ord as a \
+.056(xpansion on)-.15 F .332(the command w)108 393.6 R .332(ord as a \
\214nal resort, and attempts to \214nd a compspec for the command w)-.1
F .332(ord from an)-.1 F 2.833(ys)-.15 G(uc-)-2.833 E(cessful e)108
-261.6 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E .817(Once a compspec has been found, it is use\
-d to generate the list of matching w)108 278.4 R 3.317(ords. If)-.1 F
-3.317(ac)3.317 G .817(ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108 290.4 Q
+405.6 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E .817(Once a compspec has been found, it is use\
+d to generate the list of matching w)108 422.4 R 3.317(ords. If)-.1 F
+3.317(ac)3.317 G .817(ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108 434.4 Q
(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completion as described abo)2.5 E .3 -.15
(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Completing)2.5 E F0(is performed.)2.5 E .463
-(First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 307.2 R
+(First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 451.2 R
.464(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .464(ed by the w)-.15 F
-.464(ord being)-.1 F .596(completed are returned.)108 319.2 R .596
+.464(ord being)-.1 F .596(completed are returned.)108 463.2 R .596
(When the)5.596 F F1<ad66>3.096 E F0(or)3.095 E F1<ad64>3.095 E F0 .595
(option is used for \214lename or directory name completion, the)3.095 F
-(shell v)108 331.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0
-(is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 348 Q 4.084(yc)-.15 G
+(shell v)108 475.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0
+(is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 492 Q 4.084(yc)-.15 G
1.584(ompletions speci\214ed by a pathname e)-4.084 F 1.584
(xpansion pattern to the)-.15 F F1<ad47>4.084 E F0 1.584
-(option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 360 S
+(option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 504 S
.555(rds generated by the pattern need not match the w).1 F .554
(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.554 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.054 E F0 .554
(shell v)2.804 F(ari-)-.25 E
-(able is not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 372 Q(ut the)-.2 E F3
-(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 388.8 Q
+(able is not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 516 Q(ut the)-.2 E F3
+(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 532.8 Q
.32(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .32(gument to the)-.18 F
F1<ad57>2.82 E F0 .321(option is considered.)2.821 F .321
(The string is \214rst split using the)5.321 F .413(characters in the)
-108 400.8 R F3(IFS)2.913 E F0 .412(special v)2.663 F .412
+108 544.8 R F3(IFS)2.913 E F0 .412(special v)2.663 F .412
(ariable as delimiters.)-.25 F .412(Shell quoting is honored.)5.412 F
.412(Each w)5.412 F .412(ord is then e)-.1 F(xpanded)-.15 E .091
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(rd Splitting).75 F F0 5.209(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.209 F .209
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--.18 E .263(are being completed, the second ar)108 525.6 R .263
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--.25 G .08(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.858(stitution. It)108 631.2 R
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-(Refer to command line)144 108 Q F2(n)2.86 E F0(.).24 E F1<21ad>108 120
-Q F2(n)A F0(Refer to the current command minus)144 120 Q F2(n)2.86 E F0
-(.).24 E F1(!!)108 132 Q F0(Refer to the pre)144 132 Q(vious command.)
--.25 E(This is a synon)5 E(ym for `!\2551'.)-.15 E F1(!)108 144 Q F2
-(string)A F0 .865(Refer to the most recent command preceding the curren\
-t position in the history list starting with)144 144 R F2(string)144.34
-156 Q F0(.).22 E F1(!?)108 168 Q F2(string)A F1([?])A F0 1.503(Refer to\
- the most recent command preceding the current position in the history \
-list containing)144 180 R F2(string)144.34 192 Q F0 5.496(.T).22 G .496
-(he trailing)-5.496 F F1(?)2.996 E F0 .496(may be omitted if)2.996 F F2
-(string)3.336 E F0 .497(is follo)3.216 F .497(wed immediately by a ne)
--.25 F 2.997(wline. If)-.25 F F2(string)2.997 E F0(is)2.997 E .391(miss\
-ing, the string from the most recent search is used; it is an error if \
-there is no pre)144 204 R .39(vious search)-.25 F(string.)144 216 Q/F3
-12/Times-Bold@0 SF(^)108 233 Q F2(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F2(string2)-5 I
-F3(^)5 I F0 .752(Quick substitution.)144 240 R .752(Repeat the pre)5.752
-F .753(vious command, replacing)-.25 F F2(string1)3.593 E F0(with)3.253
-E F2(string2)3.593 E F0 5.753(.E).02 G(qui)-5.753 E -.25(va)-.25 G .753
-(lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 252 S(!!:s).74 E/F4 12/Times-Roman@0 SF(^)5 I
-F2(string1)-5 I F4(^)5 I F2(string2)-5 I F4(^)5 I F0 1.48 -.74('' \()-5
-L(see).74 E F1(Modi\214ers)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(!#)108 264
-Q F0(The entire command line typed so f)144 264 Q(ar)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1
--.75(Wo)87 280.8 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 292.8 S 1.314
-(rd designators are used to select desired w).8 F 1.314(ords from the e)
--.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F1(:)3.814 E F0 1.313
-(separates the e)3.813 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.313(nt speci\214cation).15 F
-.529(from the w)108 304.8 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G
-3.029(tm)-5.529 G .529(ay be omitted if the w)-3.029 F .529
+(iltin\).).2 E F1(!)108 230.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0
+(Refer to command line)144 230.4 Q F2(n)2.86 E F0(.).24 E F1<21ad>108
+242.4 Q F2(n)A F0(Refer to the current command minus)144 242.4 Q F2(n)
+2.86 E F0(.).24 E F1(!!)108 254.4 Q F0(Refer to the pre)144 254.4 Q
+(vious command.)-.25 E(This is a synon)5 E(ym for `!\2551'.)-.15 E F1(!)
+108 266.4 Q F2(string)A F0 .865(Refer to the most recent command preced\
+ing the current position in the history list starting with)144 266.4 R
+F2(string)144.34 278.4 Q F0(.).22 E F1(!?)108 290.4 Q F2(string)A F1
+([?])A F0 1.503(Refer to the most recent command preceding the current \
+position in the history list containing)144 302.4 R F2(string)144.34
+314.4 Q F0 5.496(.T).22 G .496(he trailing)-5.496 F F1(?)2.996 E F0 .496
+(may be omitted if)2.996 F F2(string)3.336 E F0 .497(is follo)3.216 F
+.497(wed immediately by a ne)-.25 F 2.997(wline. If)-.25 F F2(string)
+2.997 E F0(is)2.997 E .391(missing, the string from the most recent sea\
+rch is used; it is an error if there is no pre)144 326.4 R .39
+(vious search)-.25 F(string.)144 338.4 Q/F3 12/Times-Bold@0 SF(^)108
+355.4 Q F2(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F2(string2)-5 I F3(^)5 I F0 .752
+(Quick substitution.)144 362.4 R .752(Repeat the pre)5.752 F .753
+(vious command, replacing)-.25 F F2(string1)3.593 E F0(with)3.253 E F2
+(string2)3.593 E F0 5.753(.E).02 G(qui)-5.753 E -.25(va)-.25 G .753
+(lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 374.4 S(!!:s).74 E/F4 12/Times-Roman@0 SF(^)5
+I F2(string1)-5 I F4(^)5 I F2(string2)-5 I F4(^)5 I F0 1.48 -.74('' \()
+-5 L(see).74 E F1(Modi\214ers)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(!#)108
+386.4 Q F0(The entire command line typed so f)144 386.4 Q(ar)-.1 E(.)
+-.55 E F1 -.75(Wo)87 403.2 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 415.2 S
+1.314(rd designators are used to select desired w).8 F 1.314
+(ords from the e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F1(:)3.814 E F0
+1.313(separates the e)3.813 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.313(nt speci\214cation)
+.15 F .529(from the w)108 427.2 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)
+-.55 G 3.029(tm)-5.529 G .529(ay be omitted if the w)-3.029 F .529
(ord designator be)-.1 F .529(gins with a)-.15 F F1(^)3.029 E F0(,)A F1
($)3.029 E F0(,)A F1(*)3.029 E F0(,)A F1<ad>3.029 E F0 3.029(,o)C(r)
-3.029 E F1(%)3.029 E F0 5.53(.W)C(ords)-6.33 E .516
-(are numbered from the be)108 316.8 R .516
+(are numbered from the be)108 439.2 R .516
(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F .516
(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)5.515 G .515(rds are in-)
-.8 F(serted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 328.8
-Q F1 2.5(0\()108 345.6 S(zer)-2.5 E(o\))-.18 E F0(The zeroth w)144 357.6
-Q 2.5(ord. F)-.1 F(or the shell, this is the command w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E
-F2(n)108.36 369.6 Q F0(The)144 369.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(th w)A(ord.)-.1 E
-F1(^)108 381.6 Q F0(The \214rst ar)144 381.6 Q 2.5(gument. That)-.18 F
-(is, w)2.5 E(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 393.6 Q F0 .063(The last w)144 393.6
-R 2.563(ord. This)-.1 F .063(is usually the last ar)2.563 F .064
-(gument, b)-.18 F .064(ut will e)-.2 F .064(xpand to the zeroth w)-.15 F
-.064(ord if there is only)-.1 F(one w)144 405.6 Q(ord in the line.)-.1 E
-F1(%)108 417.6 Q F0 1.42(The \214rst w)144 417.6 R 1.42
+.8 F(serted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 451.2
+Q F1 2.5(0\()108 468 S(zer)-2.5 E(o\))-.18 E F0(The zeroth w)144 480 Q
+2.5(ord. F)-.1 F(or the shell, this is the command w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E
+F2(n)108.36 492 Q F0(The)144 492 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(th w)A(ord.)-.1 E F1(^)
+108 504 Q F0(The \214rst ar)144 504 Q 2.5(gument. That)-.18 F(is, w)2.5
+E(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 516 Q F0 .063(The last w)144 516 R 2.563
+(ord. This)-.1 F .063(is usually the last ar)2.563 F .064(gument, b)-.18
+F .064(ut will e)-.2 F .064(xpand to the zeroth w)-.15 F .064
+(ord if there is only)-.1 F(one w)144 528 Q(ord in the line.)-.1 E F1(%)
+108 540 Q F0 1.42(The \214rst w)144 540 R 1.42
(ord matched by the most recent `?)-.1 F F2(string)A F0 1.419
(?' search, if the search string be)B 1.419(gins with a)-.15 F
-(character that is part of a w)144 429.6 Q(ord.)-.1 E F2(x)108.77 441.6
-Q F1<ad>A F2(y)A F0 2.5(Ar)144 441.6 S(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1
-E F2(y)A F0 2.5('a)C(bbre)-2.5 E(viates `0\255)-.25 E F2(y)A F0('.)A F1
-(*)108 453.6 Q F0 .315(All of the w)144 453.6 R .315(ords b)-.1 F .315
+(character that is part of a w)144 552 Q(ord.)-.1 E F2(x)108.77 564 Q F1
+<ad>A F2(y)A F0 2.5(Ar)144 564 S(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 E F2
+(y)A F0 2.5('a)C(bbre)-2.5 E(viates `0\255)-.25 E F2(y)A F0('.)A F1(*)
+108 576 Q F0 .315(All of the w)144 576 R .315(ords b)-.1 F .315
(ut the zeroth.)-.2 F .315(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)-.15 F
F2(1\255$)A F0 2.815('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F1(*)
-2.816 E F0 .316(if there is)2.816 F(just one w)144 465.6 Q(ord in the e)
+2.816 E F0 .316(if there is)2.816 F(just one w)144 588 Q(ord in the e)
-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt; the empty string is returned in that case.).15
-E F1(x*)108 477.6 Q F0(Abbre)144 477.6 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E
-F0(.)A F1<78ad>108 489.6 Q F0(Abbre)144 489.6 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)
-2.5 E F0(lik)2.5 E(e)-.1 E F1(x*)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut omits the last w)
--2.7 E 2.5(ord. If)-.1 F F1(x)2.5 E F0(is missing, it def)2.5 E
-(aults to 0.)-.1 E(If a w)108 506.4 Q
-(ord designator is supplied without an e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(nt speci\214cation, the pre).15 E(vious command is used as the e)-.25 E
--.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E F1(Modi\214ers)87 523.2 Q F0 .184
-(After the optional w)108 535.2 R .184(ord designator)-.1 F 2.684(,t)-.4
-G .183(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.684 F
-.183(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 547.2 Q
+E F1(x*)108 600 Q F0(Abbre)144 600 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)
+A F1<78ad>108 612 Q F0(Abbre)144 612 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0
+(lik)2.5 E(e)-.1 E F1(x*)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut omits the last w)-2.7 E
+2.5(ord. If)-.1 F F1(x)2.5 E F0(is missing, it def)2.5 E(aults to 0.)-.1
+E(If a w)108 628.8 Q(ord designator is supplied without an e)-.1 E -.15
+(ve)-.25 G(nt speci\214cation, the pre).15 E
+(vious command is used as the e)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E F1
+(Modi\214ers)87 645.6 Q F0 .184(After the optional w)108 657.6 R .184
+(ord designator)-.1 F 2.684(,t)-.4 G .183
+(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.684 F .183
+(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 669.6 Q
(These modify)5 E 2.5(,o)-.65 G 2.5(re)-2.5 G(dit, the w)-2.5 E
(ord or w)-.1 E(ords selected from the history e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(nt.).15 E F1(h)108 564 Q F0(Remo)144 564 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H
+(nt.).15 E F1(h)108 686.4 Q F0(Remo)144 686.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H
(railing \214lename component, lea).15 E(ving only the head.)-.2 E F1(t)
-108 576 Q F0(Remo)144 576 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H
+108 698.4 Q F0(Remo)144 698.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H
(ll leading \214lename components, lea).15 E(ving the tail.)-.2 E F1(r)
-108 588 Q F0(Remo)144 588 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing suf).15 E
+108 710.4 Q F0(Remo)144 710.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing suf).15 E
(\214x of the form)-.25 E F2(.xxx)2.5 E F0 2.5(,l)C(ea)-2.5 E
-(ving the basename.)-.2 E F1(e)108 600 Q F0(Remo)144 600 Q .3 -.15(ve a)
--.15 H(ll b).15 E(ut the trailing suf)-.2 E(\214x.)-.25 E F1(p)108 612 Q
-F0(Print the ne)144 612 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(ommand b)-2.5 E(ut do not e)-.2
-E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 624 Q F0
-(Quote the substituted w)144 624 Q
-(ords, escaping further substitutions.)-.1 E F1(x)108 636 Q F0 .385
-(Quote the substituted w)144 636 R .385(ords as with)-.1 F F1(q)2.885 E
+(ving the basename.)-.2 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E
+(58)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+%%Page: 59 59
+%%BeginPageSetup
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
+(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
+SF(e)108 84 Q F0(Remo)144 84 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H(ll b).15 E
+(ut the trailing suf)-.2 E(\214x.)-.25 E F1(p)108 96 Q F0(Print the ne)
+144 96 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(ommand b)-2.5 E(ut do not e)-.2 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
+(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 108 Q F0(Quote the substituted w)144 108 Q
+(ords, escaping further substitutions.)-.1 E F1(x)108 120 Q F0 .385
+(Quote the substituted w)144 120 R .385(ords as with)-.1 F F1(q)2.885 E
F0 2.885(,b)C .386(ut break into w)-3.085 F .386(ords at)-.1 F F1
(blanks)2.886 E F0 .386(and ne)2.886 F 2.886(wlines. The)-.25 F F1(q)
2.886 E F0(and)2.886 E F1(x)2.886 E F0(modi\214ers are mutually e)144
-648 Q(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(;t).15 G
-(he last one supplied is used.)-2.5 E F1(s/)108 660 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A F2
-(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 672 Q F2(ne)3.329 E(w)-.15 E F0
-.469(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.279 F F2(old)3.199 E F0 .469
-(in the e)3.739 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .469(nt line.).15 F(An)5.469 E 2.969
-(yc)-.15 G .469(haracter may be used as the)-2.969 F .953
-(delimiter in place of /.)144 684 R .953
+132 Q(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(;t).15 G
+(he last one supplied is used.)-2.5 E F1(s/)108 144 Q/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0(Substitute)
+144 156 Q F2(ne)3.329 E(w)-.15 E F0 .469(for the \214rst occurrence of)
+3.279 F F2(old)3.199 E F0 .469(in the e)3.739 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .469
+(nt line.).15 F(An)5.469 E 2.969(yc)-.15 G .469
+(haracter may be used as the)-2.969 F .953(delimiter in place of /.)144
+168 R .953
(The \214nal delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)
5.953 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .954(nt line.).15 F .131
-(The delimiter may be quoted in)144 696 R F2(old)2.861 E F0(and)3.401 E
+(The delimiter may be quoted in)144 180 R F2(old)2.861 E F0(and)3.401 E
F2(ne)2.991 E(w)-.15 E F0 .131(with a single backslash.)2.941 F .131
(If & appears in)5.131 F F2(ne)2.991 E(w)-.15 E F0 2.631(,i).31 G 2.631
-(ti)-2.631 G 2.631(sr)-2.631 G(e-)-2.631 E .619(placed by)144 708 R F2
+(ti)-2.631 G 2.631(sr)-2.631 G(e-)-2.631 E .619(placed by)144 192 R F2
(old)3.349 E F0 5.619(.A).77 G .619(single backslash will quote the &.)
-2.5 F(If)5.619 E F2(old)3.349 E F0 .619(is null, it is set to the last)
-3.889 F F2(old)3.349 E F0(substi-)3.89 E .487(tuted, or)144 720 R 2.987
+3.889 F F2(old)3.349 E F0(substi-)3.89 E .487(tuted, or)144 204 R 2.987
(,i)-.4 G 2.987(fn)-2.987 G 2.987(op)-2.987 G(re)-2.987 E .486
(vious history substitutions took place, the last)-.25 F F2(string)3.326
E F0 .486(in a)3.206 F F1(!?)2.986 E F2(string)A F1([?])A F0 2.986
-(search. If)5.486 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(58)
-193.45 E 0 Cg EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
-(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(ne)144.36 84 Q(w)-.15 E F0(is null, each matching)
-2.81 E F1(old)2.73 E F0(is deleted.)3.27 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(&)108
-96 Q F0(Repeat the pre)144 96 Q(vious substitution.)-.25 E F2(g)108 108
-Q F0 .397(Cause changes to be applied o)144 108 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.897
-(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.).15 F
-.398(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F2(:s)A F0 2.898('\()C
-(e.g.,)-2.898 E(`)144 120 Q F2(:gs/)A F1(old)A F2(/)A F1(ne)A(w)-.15 E
-F2(/)A F0 .351('\) or `)B F2(:&)A F0 2.851('. If)B .351(used with `)
-2.851 F F2(:s)A F0 .351(', an)B 2.851(yd)-.15 G .35
+(search. If)5.486 F F2(ne)144.36 216 Q(w)-.15 E F0
+(is null, each matching)2.81 E F2(old)2.73 E F0(is deleted.)3.27 E F1(&)
+108 228 Q F0(Repeat the pre)144 228 Q(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1(g)
+108 240 Q F0 .397(Cause changes to be applied o)144 240 R -.15(ve)-.15 G
+2.897(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.)
+.15 F .398(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A F0 2.898
+('\()C(e.g.,)-2.898 E(`)144 252 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)
+-.15 E F1(/)A F0 .351('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 2.851('. If)B .351
+(used with `)2.851 F F1(:s)A F0 .351(', an)B 2.851(yd)-.15 G .35
(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal de-)-2.851 F
-(limiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 132 Q -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(nt line.).15 E(An)5 E F2(a)2.5 E F0(may be used as a synon)
-2.5 E(ym for)-.15 E F2(g)2.5 E F0(.)A F2(G)108 144 Q F0(Apply the follo)
-144 144 Q(wing `)-.25 E F2(s)A F0 2.5('o)C 2.5(r`)-2.5 G F2(&)-2.5 E F0
+(limiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 264 Q -.15
+(ve)-.25 G(nt line.).15 E(An)5 E F1(a)2.5 E F0(may be used as a synon)
+2.5 E(ym for)-.15 E F1(g)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(G)108 276 Q F0(Apply the follo)
+144 276 Q(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0 2.5('o)C 2.5(r`)-2.5 G F1(&)-2.5 E F0
2.5('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25
-G(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 160.8 Q(UIL)-.11 E
-(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .062(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 172.8
+G(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 292.8 Q(UIL)-.11 E
+(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .062(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 304.8
R .062(uiltin command documented in this section as accepting options p\
-receded by)-.2 F F
2<ad>108 184.8 Q F0(accepts)3.077 E F2<adad>3.077 E F0
-.577(to signify the end of the options.)3.077 F(The)5.577 E F2(:)3.077 E
-F0(,)A F2(true)3.077 E F0(,)A F2(false)3.077 E F0 3.077(,a)C(nd)-3.077 E
-F2(test)3.077 E F0(/)A F2([)A F0 -.2(bu)3.077 G .577
-(iltins do not accept options).2 F .461(and do not treat)108 196.8 R F2
-<adad>2.961 E F0(specially)2.961 E 5.461(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.461 E F2(exit)
-2.961 E F0(,)A F2(logout)2.961 E F0(,)A F2 -.18(re)2.961 G(tur).18 E(n)
--.15 E F0(,)A F2(br)2.961 E(eak)-.18 E F0(,)A F2(continue)2.961 E F0(,)A
-F2(let)2.961 E F0 2.961(,a)C(nd)-2.961 E F2(shift)2.961 E F0 -.2(bu)
-2.962 G .462(iltins accept and).2 F .261(process ar)108 208.8 R .261
-(guments be)-.18 F .261(ginning with)-.15 F F
2<ad>2.761 E F0 .261
-(without requiring)2.761 F F
2<adad>2.761 E F0 5.261(.O)C .261(ther b)
+receded by)-.2 F F
1<ad>108 316.8 Q F0(accepts)3.077 E F1<adad>3.077 E F0
+.577(to signify the end of the options.)3.077 F(The)5.577 E F1(:)3.077 E
+F0(,)A F1(true)3.077 E F0(,)A F1(false)3.077 E F0 3.077(,a)C(nd)-3.077 E
+F1(test)3.077 E F0(/)A F1([)A F0 -.2(bu)3.077 G .577
+(iltins do not accept options).2 F .461(and do not treat)108 328.8 R F1
+<adad>2.961 E F0(specially)2.961 E 5.461(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.461 E F1(exit)
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+(,i)C 2.84(ti)-2.84 G 2.841(sp)-2.84 G .341(rocessed by remo)-2.841 F
+.341(ving the immediately pre)-.15 F .341(vious pathname component from)
+-.25 F F2(dir)2.841 E F0(,)A .176(back to a slash or the be)144 333.6 R
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+
(he)-2.676 E F1<ad65>2.675 E F0 .175(option is supplied with)2.675 F F1
<ad50>2.675 E F0 2.675(,a)C .175(nd the current w)-2.675 F(ork-)-.1 E
.341(ing directory cannot be successfully determined after a successful\
- directory change,)144 216 R F1(cd)2.841 E F0 .341(will return)2.841 F
-.357(an unsuccessful status.)144 228 R .357
+ directory change,)144 345.6 R F1(cd)2.841 E F0 .341(will return)2.841 F
+.357(an unsuccessful status.)144 357.6 R .357
(On systems that support it, the)5.357 F F1<ad40>2.856 E F0 .356
(option presents the e)2.856 F .356(xtended attrib)-.15 F(utes)-.2 E
-.069(associated with a \214le as a directory)144 240 R 5.069(.A)-.65 G
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2.569(na)-5.069 G -.18(rg)-2.569 G .069(ument of).18 F F1<ad>2.569 E F0
.07(is con)2.57 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .07(rted to).15 F F3($OLDPWD)2.57 E F0
-.07(before the direc-)2.32 F .307(tory change is attempted.)144 252 R
+.07(before the direc-)2.32 F .307(tory change is attempted.)144 381.6 R
.306(If a non-empty directory name from)5.307 F F3(CDP)2.806 E -.855(AT)
-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .306(is used, or if)2.556 F F1<ad>2.806 E F0 .306
-(is the \214rst)2.806 F(ar)144 264 Q .116(gument, and the directory cha\
-nge is successful, the absolute pathname of the ne)-.18 F 2.616(ww)-.25
-G .116(orking direc-)-2.716 F .15
-(tory is written to the standard output.)144 276 R .15
+(is the \214rst)2.806 F(ar)144 393.6 Q .116(gument, and the directory c\
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+-.25 G .116(orking direc-)-2.716 F .15
+(tory is written to the standard output.)144 405.6 R .15
(If the directory change is successful,)5.15 F F1(cd)2.65 E F0 .15
-(sets the v)2.65 F .15(alue of the)-.25 F F1(PWD)144 288 Q F0(en)2.957 E
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+(sets the v)2.65 F .15(alue of the)-.25 F F1(PWD)144 417.6 Q F0(en)2.957
+E .457(vironment v)-.4 F .457(ariable to the ne)-.25 F 2.958(wd)-.25 G
.458(irectory name, and sets the)-2.958 F F1(OLDPWD)2.958 E F0(en)2.958
-E .458(vironment v)-.4 F(ari-)-.25 E .126(able to the v)144 300 R .126
+E .458(vironment v)-.4 F(ari-)-.25 E .126(able to the v)144 429.6 R .126
(alue of the current w)-.25 F .126(orking directory before the change.)
-.1 F .125(The return v)5.125 F .125(alue is true if the)-.25 F
-(directory w)144 312 Q(as successfully changed; f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)
--.1 E F1(command)108 328.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255pVv)A F0(])A F2(command)
-2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 340.8 Q F2
-(command)2.764 E F0(with)3.334 E F2(ar)2.894 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .065
-(suppressing the normal shell function lookup.)2.834 F .065(Only b)5.065
-F .065(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .502(commands found in the)144 352.8 R
-F3 -.666(PA)3.002 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.752 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-3.002(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F1<ad70>3.002 E F0 .502(option is gi)
-3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .501(n, the search for).15 F F2(command)3.201 E
-F0(is)3.771 E .399(performed using a def)144 364.8 R .399(ault v)-.1 F
-.399(alue for)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.899 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .4
-(that is guaranteed to \214nd all of the standard utilities.)2.649 F(If)
-5.4 E .175(either the)144 376.8 R F1<ad56>2.675 E F0(or)2.675 E F1<ad76>
-2.675 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.675 F F2(command)
-2.875 E F0 .174(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.174 E F1<ad76>2.674 E F0 .174
-(option causes)2.674 F 3.317(as)144 388.8 S .817(ingle w)-3.317 F .817
-(ord indicating the command or \214lename used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G
--.1(ke).2 G F2(command)3.618 E F0 .818(to be displayed; the)4.088 F F1
-<ad56>144 400.8 Q F0 .25(option produces a more v)2.75 F .25
+(directory w)144 441.6 Q(as successfully changed; f)-.1 E
+(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1(command)108 458.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255pVv)A F0
+(])A F2(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144
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+-.15 G 3.002(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F1<ad70>3.002 E F0 .502
+(option is gi)3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .501(n, the search for).15 F F2
+(command)3.201 E F0(is)3.771 E .399(performed using a def)144 494.4 R
+.399(ault v)-.1 F .399(alue for)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.899 G(TH)-.189 E F0
+.4(that is guaranteed to \214nd all of the standard utilities.)2.649 F
+(If)5.4 E .175(either the)144 506.4 R F1<ad56>2.675 E F0(or)2.675 E F1
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+(command)2.875 E F0 .174(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.174 E F1<ad76>2.674 E
+F0 .174(option causes)2.674 F 3.317(as)144 518.4 S .817(ingle w)-3.317 F
+.817(ord indicating the command or \214lename used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo)
+-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F2(command)3.618 E F0 .818(to be displayed; the)4.088
+F F1<ad56>144 530.4 Q F0 .25(option produces a more v)2.75 F .25
(erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.25 F F1<ad56>2.749 E F0(or)
2.749 E F1<ad76>2.749 E F0 .249(option is supplied, the e)2.749 F .249
-(xit status)-.15 F 1.004(is 0 if)144 412.8 R F2(command)3.704 E F0 -.1
+(xit status)-.15 F 1.004(is 0 if)144 542.4 R F2(command)3.704 E F0 -.1
(wa)4.274 G 3.504(sf).1 G 1.005(ound, and 1 if not.)-3.504 F 1.005
(If neither option is supplied and an error occurred or)6.005 F F2
-(command)144.2 424.8 Q F0 1.599(cannot be found, the e)4.869 F 1.599
+(command)144.2 554.4 Q F0 1.599(cannot be found, the e)4.869 F 1.599
(xit status is 127.)-.15 F 1.599(Otherwise, the e)6.599 F 1.598
-(xit status of the)-.15 F F1(command)4.098 E F0 -.2(bu)144 436.8 S
+(xit status of the)-.15 F F1(command)4.098 E F0 -.2(bu)144 566.4 S
(iltin is the e).2 E(xit status of)-.15 E F2(command)2.7 E F0(.).77 E F1
-(compgen)108 453.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(wor)-2.5 E(d)
--.37 E F0(])A .012(Generate possible completion matches for)144 465.6 R
+(compgen)108 583.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(wor)-2.5 E(d)
+-.37 E F0(])A .012(Generate possible completion matches for)144 595.2 R
F2(wor)2.513 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F2(option)2.513
E F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.513(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.513 E .982
-(accepted by the)144 477.6 R F1(complete)3.482 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981
+(accepted by the)144 607.2 R F1(complete)3.482 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981
(iltin with the e).2 F .981(xception of)-.15 F F1<ad70>3.481 E F0(and)
3.481 E F1<ad72>3.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .981(nd write the matches to the)
--3.481 F .13(standard output.)144 489.6 R .13(When using the)5.13 F F1
+-3.481 F .13(standard output.)144 619.2 R .13(When using the)5.13 F F1
<ad46>2.63 E F0(or)2.63 E F1<ad43>2.631 E F0 .131(options, the v)2.631 F
.131(arious shell v)-.25 F .131(ariables set by the program-)-.25 F
-(mable completion f)144 501.6 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)-.2 G
+(mable completion f)144 631.2 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)-.2 G
(ilable, will not ha).25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(seful v).15 E(alues.)-.25
-E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 525.6 R .352
+E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 655.2 R .352
(ay as if the programmable completion code had gen-)-.1 F .02(erated th\
em directly from a completion speci\214cation with the same \215ags.)144
-537.6 R(If)5.02 E F2(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only)
-2.52 F(those completions matching)144 549.6 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0
-(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 573.6 Q
+667.2 R(If)5.02 E F2(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only)
+2.52 F(those completions matching)144 679.2 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0
+(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 703.2 Q
(alue is true unless an in)-.25 E -.25(va)-.4 G
-(lid option is supplied, or no matches were generated.).25 E F1
-(complete)108 590.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 2.5(][)C F1
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-(][)C F1<ad41>-2.5 E F2(action)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad47>-2.5 E F2
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-(])A([)144 602.4 Q F1<ad46>A F2(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5
-E F2(command)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad58>-2.5 E F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0
-2.5(][)C F1<ad50>-2.5 E F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>
--2.5 E F2(suf)2.5 E<8c78>-.18 E F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2
-(name ...)A F0(])A F1(complete \255pr)108 614.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255DEI)
-A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .634(Specify ho)144 626.4 R
-3.134(wa)-.25 G -.18(rg)-3.134 G .634(uments to each).18 F F2(name)3.134
-E F0 .634(should be completed.)3.134 F .633(If the)5.634 F F1<ad70>3.133
-E F0 .633(option is supplied, or if no)3.133 F .139
-(options are supplied, e)144 638.4 R .139
+(lid option is supplied, or no matches were generated.).25 E
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+F0([)2.5 E F2(name ...)A F0(])A F1(complete \255pr)108 108 Q F0([)2.5 E
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+144 120 R 3.134(wa)-.25 G -.18(rg)-3.134 G .634(uments to each).18 F F2
+(name)3.134 E F0 .634(should be completed.)3.134 F .633(If the)5.634 F
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+(options are supplied, e)144 132 R .139
(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w)-.15 F .14
(ay that allo)-.1 F .14(ws them to be)-.25 F .31(reused as input.)144
-650.4 R(The)5.31 E F1<ad72>2.81 E F0 .31(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve)-.15
-G 2.81(sac).15 G .31(ompletion speci\214cation for each)-2.81 F F2(name)
+144 R(The)5.31 E F1<ad72>2.81 E F0 .31(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
+2.81(sac).15 G .31(ompletion speci\214cation for each)-2.81 F F2(name)
2.81 E F0 2.81(,o)C 1.11 -.4(r, i)-2.81 H 2.81(fn).4 G(o)-2.81 E F2
(name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.207
-(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 662.4 R(The)6.207 E
-
F1<ad44>3.707 E F0 1.208(option indicates that other supplied options)
-3.708 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 674.4 R(`def)-.74 E
+(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 156 R(The)6.207 E F1
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+3.708 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 168 R(`def)-.74 E
(ault')-.1 E 3('c)-.74 G .5
(ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on)-3 F 3.455(ac)144
-686.4 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955
+180 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955
(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.955 E F1<ad45>3.455 E F0 .955
(option indicates that)3.455 F .876
-(other supplied options and actions should apply to `)144 698.4 R
-(`empty')-.74 E 3.376('c)-.74 G .876(ommand completion; that is, com-)
--3.376 F .447(pletion attempted on a blank line.)144 710.4 R(The)5.447 E
-F1<ad49>2.947 E F0 .448
-(option indicates that other supplied options and actions)2.947 F 1.15
-(should apply to completion on the initial non-assignment w)144 722.4 R
-1.149(ord on the line, or after a command)-.1 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
-(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .43
-(delimiter such as)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(;)2.93 E F0(or)2.93 E
-F1(|)2.93 E F0 2.93(,w)C .431(hich is usually command name completion.)
--2.93 F .431(If multiple options are sup-)5.431 F .708(plied, the)144 96
-R F1<ad44>3.208 E F0 .708(option tak)3.208 F .708(es precedence o)-.1 F
--.15(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E F1<ad45>3.208 E F0 3.208(,a)C .708(nd both tak)
--3.208 F 3.208(ep)-.1 G .707(recedence o)-3.208 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E
-F1<ad49>3.207 E F0 5.707(.I)C 3.207(fa)-5.707 G 1.007 -.15(ny o)-3.207 H
-(f).15 E F1<ad44>3.207 E F0(,)A F1<ad45>144 108 Q F0 2.603(,o)C(r)-2.603
-E F1<ad49>2.603 E F0 .103(are supplied, an)2.603 F 2.603(yo)-.15 G(ther)
--2.603 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.603 E F0(ar)2.603 E .103
+(other supplied options and actions should apply to `)144 192 R(`empty')
+-.74 E 3.376('c)-.74 G .876(ommand completion; that is, com-)-3.376 F
+.447(pletion attempted on a blank line.)144 204 R(The)5.447 E F1<ad49>
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+(option indicates that other supplied options and actions)2.947 F .123
+(should apply to completion on the initial non-assignment w)144 216 R
+.123(ord on the line, or after a command de-)-.1 F 1.02(limiter such as)
+144 228 R F1(;)3.52 E F0(or)3.52 E F1(|)3.52 E F0 3.52(,w)C 1.021
+(hich is usually command name completion.)-3.52 F 1.021
+(If multiple options are sup-)6.021 F .708(plied, the)144 240 R F1<ad44>
+3.208 E F0 .708(option tak)3.208 F .708(es precedence o)-.1 F -.15(ve)
+-.15 G(r).15 E F1<ad45>3.208 E F0 3.208(,a)C .708(nd both tak)-3.208 F
+3.208(ep)-.1 G .707(recedence o)-3.208 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E F1<ad49>
+3.207 E F0 5.707(.I)C 3.207(fa)-5.707 G 1.007 -.15(ny o)-3.207 H(f).15 E
+F1<ad44>3.207 E F0(,)A F1<ad45>144 252 Q F0 2.603(,o)C(r)-2.603 E F1
+<ad49>2.603 E F0 .103(are supplied, an)2.603 F 2.603(yo)-.15 G(ther)
+-2.603 E F2(name)2.603 E F0(ar)2.603 E .103
(guments are ignored; these completions only apply to the)-.18 F
-(case speci\214ed by the option.)144 120 Q .153
+(case speci\214ed by the option.)144 264 Q .153
(The process of applying these completion speci\214cations when w)144
-144 R .152(ord completion is attempted is de-)-.1 F(scribed abo)144 156
+288 R .152(ord completion is attempted is de-)-.1 F(scribed abo)144 300
Q .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Pr)2.5 E(ogrammable Completion)-.18
-E F0(.)A .555(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 180 R .855 -.15
+E F0(.)A .555(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 324 R .855 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H .555(he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F .555(The ar)
5.555 F .555(guments to the)-.18 F F1<ad47>3.056 E F0(,)A F1<ad57>3.056
E F0 3.056(,a)C(nd)-3.056 E F1<ad58>3.056 E F0 .723
-(options \(and, if necessary)144 192 R 3.223(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.223 E F1
+(options \(and, if necessary)144 336 R 3.223(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.223 E F1
<ad50>3.223 E F0(and)3.223 E F1<ad53>3.223 E F0 .722
(options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.223 F(xpan-)-.15 E
-(sion before the)144 204 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G
-(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1<ad6f>144 216 Q F2
-(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 228 Q F2(comp-option)2.79 E F0 .291
+(sion before the)144 348 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G
+(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1<ad6f>144 360 Q F2
+(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 372 Q F2(comp-option)2.79 E F0 .291
(controls se)2.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .291(ral aspects of the compspec')
.15 F 2.791(sb)-.55 G(eha)-2.791 E .291(vior be)-.2 F .291
-(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 240 Q F2
-(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 252 Q F0
-.281(Perform the rest of the def)224 264 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.781 E F0
-.281(completions if the compspec generates no)2.781 F(matches.)224 276 Q
-F1(default)184 288 Q F0 2.875(Use readline')224 288 R 5.375(sd)-.55 G
+(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 384 Q F2
+(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 396 Q F0
+.281(Perform the rest of the def)224 408 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.781 E F0
+.281(completions if the compspec generates no)2.781 F(matches.)224 420 Q
+F1(default)184 432 Q F0 2.875(Use readline')224 432 R 5.375(sd)-.55 G
(ef)-5.375 E 2.876
(ault \214lename completion if the compspec generates no)-.1 F(matches.)
-224 300 Q F1(dir)184 312 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory name compl\
-etion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 324 Q F1(\214lenames)184
-336 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 348 S .137(ll readline that the compspec generates \
+224 444 Q F1(dir)184 456 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory name compl\
+etion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 468 Q F1(\214lenames)184
+480 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 492 S .137(ll readline that the compspec generates \
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(ginning of each possible completion after all other options ha)-.15 F
--.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 444 Q F1<ad53>144 456 Q F3(suf)2.5 E
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-E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1<ad57>144 468 Q F3(wor)2.5 E
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(ords to contain shell metacharacters or characters in the)-.1 F -.25
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(The possible completions are the members of the resultant list which)
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-/Times-Bold@0 SF(Arrays)4.248 E F0(abo)4.248 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.748
-(\), one of the).15 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(names)144 120 Q F0 .359
-(is not a v)2.858 F .359(alid shell v)-.25 F .359
-(ariable name, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F 2.859(fr)-.25 G .359
-(eadonly status for a read-)-2.859 F 1.213(only v)144 132 R 1.213
+(alue is 0 unless an)-.25 F(in)144 244.8 Q -.25(va)-.4 G .366(lid optio\
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+/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .365(\255f foo=bar)2.865 F F0 2.865(,a)C 2.865(na)
+-2.865 G(t-)-2.865 E .548(tempt is made to assign a v)144 256.8 R .548
+(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .549
+(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F .549(alue to an)-.25 F
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+(ariable without using the compound assignment syntax \(see)-.25 F F1
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(ariable, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F 3.713(fa)-.25 G 1.213
(rray status for an array v)-3.713 F 1.212(ariable, or an attempt is)
--.25 F(made to display a non-e)144 144 Q(xistent function with)-.15 E F2
-<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(dirs [\255clpv] [+)108 160.8 Q F3(n)A F2 2.5(][)C
-<ad>-2.5 E F3(n)A F2(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 172.8 S .328
+-.25 F(made to display a non-e)144 304.8 Q(xistent function with)-.15 E
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(thout options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.)
.4 F .329(The def)5.329 F .329(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238
-(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 184.8 R 1.238
-(Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F2(pushd)144 196.8 Q
-F0 .927(command; the)3.427 F F2(popd)3.428 E F0 .928(command remo)3.428
+(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 345.6 R 1.238
+(Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F1(pushd)144 357.6 Q
+F0 .927(command; the)3.427 F F1(popd)3.428 E F0 .928(command remo)3.428
F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.428(se).15 G .928(ntries from the list.)-3.428 F .928
-(The current directory is al-)5.928 F -.1(wa)144 208.8 S
-(ys the \214rst directory in the stack.).1 E F2<ad63>144 220.8 Q F0
-(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)180 220.8 Q
-F2<ad6c>144 232.8 Q F0 .882
-(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def)180 232.8 R .881
+(The current directory is al-)5.928 F -.1(wa)144 369.6 S
+(ys the \214rst directory in the stack.).1 E F1<ad63>144 381.6 Q F0
+(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)180 381.6 Q
+F1<ad6c>144 393.6 Q F0 .882
+(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def)180 393.6 R .881
(ault listing format uses a tilde to denote)-.1 F(the home directory)180
-244.8 Q(.)-.65 E F2<ad70>144 256.8 Q F0
-(Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)180
256.8 Q F2<ad76>
-144 268.8 Q F0 .272(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, \
-pre\214xing each entry with its inde)180 268.8 R 2.773(xi)-.15 G 2.773
-(nt)-2.773 G(he)-2.773 E(stack.)180 280.8 Q F2(+)144 292.8 Q F3(n)A F0
-1.565(Displays the)180 292.8 R F3(n)4.065 E F0 1.565
-(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.564(wn by)-.25 F F2
+405.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad70>144 417.6 Q F0
+(Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)180
417.6 Q F1<ad76>
+144 429.6 Q F0 .272(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, \
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+(nt)-2.773 G(he)-2.773 E(stack.)180 441.6 Q F1(+)144 453.6 Q F2(n)A F0
+1.565(Displays the)180 453.6 R F2(n)4.065 E F0 1.565
+(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.564(wn by)-.25 F F1
(dirs)4.064 E F0 1.564(when in)4.064 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E
-(without options, starting with zero.)180 304.8 Q F2<ad>144 316.8 Q F3
-(n)A F0 1.194(Displays the)180 316.8 R F3(n)3.694 E F0 1.194
+(without options, starting with zero.)180 465.6 Q F1<ad>144 477.6 Q F2
+(n)A F0 1.194(Displays the)180 477.6 R F2(n)3.694 E F0 1.194
(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.194(wn by)-.25 F
-F2(dirs)3.694 E F0 1.194(when in)3.694 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E
-(without options, starting with zero.)180 328.8 Q .258(The return v)144
-345.6 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258
-(lid option is supplied or).25 F F3(n)2.758 E F0(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe)
+F1(dirs)3.694 E F0 1.194(when in)3.694 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E
+(without options, starting with zero.)180 489.6 Q .258(The return v)144
+506.4 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258
+(lid option is supplied or).25 F F2(n)2.758 E F0(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe)
-.15 G 2.758(sb).15 G -.15(ey)-2.758 G .258(ond the end of the direc-)
-.15 F(tory stack.)144 357.6 Q F2(diso)108 374.4 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F2
-(\255ar)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad68>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3(jobspec)-2.5 E F0
-(... |)2.5 E F3(pid)2.5 E F0(... ])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 386.4 S .121
-(thout options, remo).4 F .422 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F3(jobspec)
+.15 F(tory stack.)144 518.4 Q F1(diso)108 535.2 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F1
+(\255ar)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad68>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)-2.5 E F0
+(... |)2.5 E F2(pid)2.5 E F0(... ])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 547.2 S .121
+(thout options, remo).4 F .422 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(jobspec)
4.362 E F0 .122(from the table of acti)2.932 F .422 -.15(ve j)-.25 H
-2.622(obs. If).15 F F3(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .122(is not present, and)2.932
-F .096(neither the)144
398.4 R F2<ad61>2.596 E F0 .096(nor the)2.596 F
-F2<ad72>2.596 E F0 .096(option is supplied, the)2.596 F F3(curr)2.596 E
-.096(ent job)-.37 F F0 .096(is used.)2.596 F .096(If the)5.096 F F2
+2.622(obs. If).15 F F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .122(is not present, and)2.932
+F .096(neither the)144
559.2 R F1<ad61>2.596 E F0 .096(nor the)2.596 F
+F1<ad72>2.596 E F0 .096(option is supplied, the)2.596 F F2(curr)2.596 E
+.096(ent job)-.37 F F0 .096(is used.)2.596 F .096(If the)5.096 F F1
<ad68>2.596 E F0 .096(option is gi)2.596 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .096(n, each)
-.15 F F3(jobspec)145.74 410.4 Q F0 .585(is not remo)3.395 F -.15(ve)-.15
+.15 F F2(jobspec)145.74 571.2 Q F0 .585(is not remo)3.395 F -.15(ve)-.15
G 3.085(df).15 G .585(rom the table, b)-3.085 F .585(ut is mark)-.2 F
.585(ed so that)-.1 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)3.085 E F0 .586
-(is not sent to the job if the)2.835 F .962(shell recei)144 422.4 R -.15
+(is not sent to the job if the)2.835 F .962(shell recei)144 583.2 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.462(sa).15 G F4(SIGHUP)A/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .962
-(If no)5.462 F F3(jobspec)5.202 E F0 .962(is supplied, the)3.772 F F2
+(If no)5.462 F F2(jobspec)5.202 E F0 .962(is supplied, the)3.772 F F1
<ad61>3.462 E F0 .962(option means to remo)3.462 F 1.262 -.15(ve o)-.15
-H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.358(jobs; the)144 434.4 R F2
-<ad72>3.858 E F0 1.358(option without a)3.858 F F3(jobspec)5.598 E F0
+H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.358(jobs; the)144 595.2 R F1
+<ad72>3.858 E F0 1.358(option without a)3.858 F F2(jobspec)5.598 E F0
(ar)4.169 E 1.359(gument restricts operation to running jobs.)-.18 F
-1.359(The return)6.359 F -.25(va)144 446.4 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F3
+1.359(The return)6.359 F -.25(va)144 607.2 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F2
(jobspec)4.24 E F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job)-.25 E(.)-.4 E
-F2(echo)108 463.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F3(ar)-2.5 E(g)
--.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .425(Output the)144 475.2 R F3(ar)2.925 E(g)-.37 E
-F0 .424(s, separated by spaces, follo)B .424(wed by a ne)-.25 F 2.924
+F1(echo)108 624 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)
+-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .425(Output the)144 636 R F2(ar)2.925 E(g)-.37 E F0
+.424(s, separated by spaces, follo)B .424(wed by a ne)-.25 F 2.924
(wline. The)-.25 F .424(return status is 0 unless a write)2.924 F .307
-(error occurs.)144
487.2 R(If)5.307 E F2<ad6e>2.807 E F0 .307
+(error occurs.)144
648 R(If)5.307 E F1<ad6e>2.807 E F0 .307
(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)2.807 F .308(wline is suppressed.)-.25
-F .308(If the)5.308 F F
2<ad65>2.808 E F0 .308(option is gi)2.808 F -.15
+F .308(If the)5.308 F F
1<ad65>2.808 E F0 .308(option is gi)2.808 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G .308(n, inter).15 F(-)-.2 E .198(pretation of the follo)144
-499.2 R .198(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The)
-5.198 E F
2<ad45>2.698 E F0 .197(option disables the in-)2.697 F .067
-(terpretation of these escape characters, e)144 511.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
+660 R .198(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The)
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1<ad45>2.698 E F0 .197(option disables the in-)2.697 F .067
+(terpretation of these escape characters, e)144 672 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.567(no).15 G 2.567(ns)-2.567 G .067(ystems where the)-2.567 F 2.567
-(ya)-.15 G .067(re interpreted by def)-2.567 F 2.568(ault. The)-.1 F F2
-(xpg_echo)144 523.2 Q F0 .602
+(ya)-.15 G .067(re interpreted by def)-2.567 F 2.568(ault. The)-.1 F F1
+(xpg_echo)144 684 Q F0 .602
(shell option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)3.102
-F F2(echo)3.101 E F0 -.15(ex)3.101 G .601(pands these).15 F .658
-(escape characters by def)144 535.2 R(ault.)-.1 E F2(echo)5.658 E F0
-.659(does not interpret)3.159 F F2<adad>3.159 E F0 .659
-(to mean the end of options.)3.159 F F2(echo)5.659 E F0(inter)3.159 E(-)
--.2 E(prets the follo)144 547.2 Q(wing escape sequences:)-.25 E F2(\\a)
-144 559.2 Q F0(alert \(bell\))180 559.2 Q F2(\\b)144 571.2 Q F0
-(backspace)180 571.2 Q F2(\\c)144 583.2 Q F0(suppress further output)180
-583.2 Q F2(\\e)144 595.2 Q(\\E)144 607.2 Q F0(an escape character)180
-607.2 Q F2(\\f)144 619.2 Q F0(form feed)180 619.2 Q F2(\\n)144 631.2 Q
-F0(ne)180 631.2 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ine)-2.5 E F2(\\r)144 643.2 Q F0
-(carriage return)180 643.2 Q F2(\\t)144 655.2 Q F0(horizontal tab)180
-655.2 Q F2(\\v)144 667.2 Q F0 -.15(ve)180 667.2 S(rtical tab).15 E F2
-(\\\\)144 679.2 Q F0(backslash)180 679.2 Q F2(\\0)144 691.2 Q F3(nnn)A
-F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 691.2 Q(alue is the octal v)-.25
-E(alue)-.25 E F3(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F2
-(\\x)144 703.2 Q F3(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 703.2 Q
-(alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F3(HH)2.5 E F0
-(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(65)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
+F F1(echo)3.101 E F0 -.15(ex)3.101 G .601(pands these).15 F .658
+(escape characters by def)144 696 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.658 E F0 .659
+(does not interpret)3.159 F F1<adad>3.159 E F0 .659
+(to mean the end of options.)3.159 F F1(echo)5.659 E F0(inter)3.159 E(-)
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+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(65)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 66 66
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(\\u)144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(HHHH)A F0 1.507
-(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 96 R 1.506
+SF(\\a)144 84 Q F0(alert \(bell\))180 84 Q F1(\\b)144 96 Q F0(backspace)
+180 96 Q F1(\\c)144 108 Q F0(suppress further output)180 108 Q F1(\\e)
+144 120 Q(\\E)144 132 Q F0(an escape character)180 132 Q F1(\\f)144 144
+Q F0(form feed)180 144 Q F1(\\n)144 156 Q F0(ne)180 156 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G
+(ine)-2.5 E F1(\\r)144 168 Q F0(carriage return)180 168 Q F1(\\t)144 180
+Q F0(horizontal tab)180 180 Q F1(\\v)144 192 Q F0 -.15(ve)180 192 S
+(rtical tab).15 E F1(\\\\)144 204 Q F0(backslash)180 204 Q F1(\\0)144
+216 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(nnn)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)
+180 216 Q(alue is the octal v)-.25 E(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0
+(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F1(\\x)144 228 Q F2(HH)A F0
+(the eight-bit character whose v)180 228 Q(alue is the he)-.25 E
+(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)
+-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1(\\u)144 240 Q F2(HHHH)A F0
+1.507(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 252 R 1.506
(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.506(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH)
-4.006 E F0(\(one to four he)180 108 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1
-(\\U)144 120 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .547
-(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 132 R .547
+4.006 E F0(\(one to four he)180 264 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1
+(\\U)144 276 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .547
+(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 288 R .547
(alue is the he)-.25 F .548(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-)
-3.048 E(HHH)180 144 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))
--2.5 E F1(enable)108
160.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad61>A F0 2.5(][)C F1
+3.048 E(HHH)180 300 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))
+-2.5 E F1(enable)108
316.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad61>A F0 2.5(][)C F1
(\255dnps)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad66>-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5
-(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .278(Enable and disable b)144 172.8 R
+(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .278(Enable and disable b)144 328.8 R
.278(uiltin shell commands.)-.2 F .278(Disabling a b)5.278 F .278
(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .833
-(the same name as a shell b)144 184.8 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15
+(the same name as a shell b)144 340.8 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15
(xe)-.15 G .834(cuted without specifying a full pathname, e).15 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.334(nt).15 G(hough)-3.334 E .99
-(the shell normally searches for b)144 196.8 R .989
+(the shell normally searches for b)144 352.8 R .989
(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F1<ad6e>3.489 E F0 .989
(is used, each)3.489 F F2(name)3.489 E F0 .989(is dis-)3.489 F .648
-(abled; otherwise,)144 208.8 R F2(names)3.148 E F0 .648(are enabled.)
+(abled; otherwise,)144 364.8 R F2(names)3.148 E F0 .648(are enabled.)
3.148 F -.15(Fo)5.648 G 3.148(re).15 G .648(xample, to use the)-3.298 F
F1(test)3.148 E F0 .648(binary found via the)3.148 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
SF -.666(PA)3.148 G(TH)-.189 E F0(in-)2.899 E .539(stead of the shell b)
-144 220.8 R .538(uiltin v)-.2 F .538(ersion, run)-.15 F/F4 10/Courier@0
+144 376.8 R .538(uiltin v)-.2 F .538(ersion, run)-.15 F/F4 10/Courier@0
SF .538(enable -n test)3.038 F F0 5.538(.T)C(he)-5.538 E F1<ad66>3.038 E
-F0 .538(option means to load the ne)3.038 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 232.8 S
+F0 .538(option means to load the ne)3.038 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 388.8 S
1.365(iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.225 E F0 1.365(from shared object)
4.045 F F2(\214lename)5.775 E F0 3.865(,o).18 G 3.865(ns)-3.865 G 1.365
(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-3.865 F .607(Bash will use the v)
-144 244.8 R .606(alue of the)-.25 F F1 -.3(BA)3.106 G(SH_LO).3 E(AD)-.4
+144 400.8 R .606(alue of the)-.25 F F1 -.3(BA)3.106 G(SH_LO).3 E(AD)-.4
E(ABLES_P)-.35 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 -.25(va)3.106 G .606
(riable as a colon-separated list of).25 F .548
-(directories in which to search for)144 256.8 R F2(\214lename)3.048 E F0
+(directories in which to search for)144 412.8 R F2(\214lename)3.048 E F0
5.549(.T)C .549(he def)-5.549 F .549(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 F
(The)5.549 E F1<ad64>3.049 E F0 .549(option will)3.049 F .547
-(delete a b)144 268.8 R .547(uiltin pre)-.2 F .547(viously loaded with)
+(delete a b)144 424.8 R .547(uiltin pre)-.2 F .547(viously loaded with)
-.25 F F1<ad66>3.047 E F0 5.547(.I)C 3.047(fn)-5.547 G(o)-3.047 E F2
(name)3.047 E F0(ar)3.047 E .547(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
.546(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>3.046 E F0 .546(option is)3.046 F .545
-(supplied, a list of shell b)144 280.8 R .545(uiltins is printed.)-.2 F
+(supplied, a list of shell b)144 436.8 R .545(uiltins is printed.)-.2 F
-.4(Wi)5.545 G .545(th no other option ar).4 F .546
-(guments, the list consists of all)-.18 F .695(enabled shell b)144 292.8
+(guments, the list consists of all)-.18 F .695(enabled shell b)144 448.8
R 3.195(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>3.195 E F0 .695
(is supplied, only disabled b)3.195 F .695(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F
(If)5.695 E F1<ad61>3.195 E F0 .695(is supplied, the)3.195 F .261
-(list printed includes all b)144 304.8 R .261
+(list printed includes all b)144 460.8 R .261
(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is enabled.)-.2 F
(If)5.261 E F1<ad73>2.761 E F0 .262(is sup-)2.762 F .269
-(plied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)144 316.8 R F2(special)
+(plied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)144 472.8 R F2(special)
2.768 E F0 -.2(bu)2.768 G 2.768(iltins. If).2 F .268
(no options are supplied and a)2.768 F F2(name)2.768 E F0 .284
-(is not a shell b)144 328.8 R(uiltin,)-.2 E F1(enable)2.784 E F0 .284
+(is not a shell b)144 484.8 R(uiltin,)-.2 E F1(enable)2.784 E F0 .284
(will attempt to load)2.784 F F2(name)2.784 E F0 .284
(from a shared object named)2.784 F F2(name)2.785 E F0 2.785(,a)C 2.785
-(si)-2.785 G 2.785(ft)-2.785 G(he)-2.785 E 1.41(command were)144 340.8 R
+(si)-2.785 G 2.785(ft)-2.785 G(he)-2.785 E 1.41(command were)144 496.8 R
F4 1.41(enable \255f)3.91 F F2 1.41(name name)3.91 F F0 6.41(.T)3.91 G
1.41(he return v)-6.41 F 1.41(alue is 0 unless a)-.25 F F2(name)4.27 E
-F0 1.41(is not a shell)4.09 F -.2(bu)144 352.8 S
+F0 1.41(is not a shell)4.09 F -.2(bu)144 508.8 S
(iltin or there is an error loading a ne).2 E 2.5(wb)-.25 G
-(uiltin from a shared object.)-2.7 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 369.6 T(l).15
-E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 381.6 Q F2(ar)3.17 E
+(uiltin from a shared object.)-2.7 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 525.6 T(l).15
+E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 537.6 Q F2(ar)3.17 E
(g)-.37 E F0 3.17(sa)C .671
(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.17 F .671
-(This command is then read)5.671 F .479(and e)144 393.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
+(This command is then read)5.671 F .479(and e)144 549.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
.479(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .479
(xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .478(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15
(ev a)2.978 H(l).15 E F0 5.478(.I)C 2.978(ft)-5.478 G .478(here are no)
--2.978 F F2(ar)3.308 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 405.6 Q
+-2.978 F F2(ar)3.308 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 561.6 Q
(guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E F1
-(exec)108
422.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2
+(exec)108
578.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2
(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(command)-2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)
--.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 434.4 Q F2(command)3.005 E F0 .305
+-.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 590.4 Q F2(command)3.005 E F0 .305
(is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.575 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805
(wp)-.25 G .306(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.306 E F2(ar)3.136 E
-(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.076 E .177(the ar)144 446.4 R .177
+(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.076 E .177(the ar)144 602.4 R .177
(guments to)-.18 F F2(command)2.676 E F0 5.176(.I)C 2.676(ft)-5.176 G
(he)-2.676 E F1<ad6c>2.676 E F0 .176
(option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .176
-(ginning of)-.15 F .48(the zeroth ar)144 458.4 R .48(gument passed to)
+(ginning of)-.15 F .48(the zeroth ar)144 614.4 R .48(gument passed to)
-.18 F F2(command)3.18 E F0 5.48(.T).77 G .48(his is what)-5.48 F F2(lo)
3.07 E(gin)-.1 E F0 .48(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.48 E F1<ad63>2.98 E F0
-.48(option causes)2.98 F F2(com-)3.18 E(mand)144 470.4 Q F0 .639
+.48(option causes)2.98 F F2(com-)3.18 E(mand)144 626.4 Q F0 .639
(to be e)3.909 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138
(vironment. If)-.4 F F1<ad61>3.138 E F0 .638
(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.498 E F0 .638(as the)
-3.318 F 1.077(zeroth ar)144 482.4 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15
+3.318 F 1.077(zeroth ar)144 638.4 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15
(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted command.).15 F(If)6.077 E F2(command)3.777 E F0
1.077(cannot be e)4.347 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted for some reason, a)
-.15 F(non-interacti)144 494.4 Q .877 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .577(hell e).15 F
+.15 F(non-interacti)144 650.4 Q .877 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .577(hell e).15 F
.577(xits, unless the)-.15 F F1(execfail)3.077 E F0 .577
(shell option is enabled.)3.077 F .576(In that case, it returns f)5.577
-F(ail-)-.1 E 3.32(ure. An)144 506.4 R(interacti)3.32 E 1.12 -.15(ve s)
+F(ail-)-.1 E 3.32(ure. An)144 662.4 R(interacti)3.32 E 1.12 -.15(ve s)
-.25 H .82(hell returns f).15 F .82(ailure if the \214le cannot be e)-.1
F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.32(cuted. A).15 F .82(subshell e)3.32 F .82
-(xits uncondi-)-.15 F .288(tionally if)144 518.4 R F1(exec)2.788 E F0
+(xits uncondi-)-.15 F .288(tionally if)144 674.4 R F1(exec)2.788 E F0
-.1(fa)2.788 G 2.788(ils. If).1 F F2(command)2.988 E F0 .288
(is not speci\214ed, an)3.558 F 2.787(yr)-.15 G .287(edirections tak)
-2.787 F 2.787(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-2.787 G .287(ect in the current shell,)
-.25 F(and the return status is 0.)144 530.4 Q
+.25 F(and the return status is 0.)144 686.4 Q
(If there is a redirection error)5 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G
-(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 547.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
-(])A .095(Cause the shell to e)144 547.2 R .095(xit with a status of)
+(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 703.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
+(])A .095(Cause the shell to e)144 703.2 R .095(xit with a status of)
-.15 F F2(n)2.595 E F0 5.095(.I)C(f)-5.095 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .096
(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .096(xit status is that of the last command)
--.15 F -.15(exe)144 559.2 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E F3(EXIT)2.5
+-.15 F -.15(exe)144 715.2 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E F3(EXIT)2.5
E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E
-F1(export)108 576 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F2(name)-2.5
-E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 588 Q F0
-.257(The supplied)144 600 R F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F
-.257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F .257(xport to the en)-.15 F .257
-(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.626
-(commands. If)144 612 R(the)2.626 E F1<ad66>2.626 E F0 .127
-(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the).15 F F2(names)2.987 E
-F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no)5.127 F F2(names)2.987 E
-F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>
-144 624 Q F0 .048(option is supplied, a list of names of all e)2.548 F
-.048(xported v)-.15 F .048(ariables is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.048 E F1
-<ad6e>2.547 E F0 .047(option causes the)2.547 F -.15(ex)144 636 S 1.446
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(66)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
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+/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(]] ...)A F1
+(export \255p)108 96 Q F0 .257(The supplied)144 108 R F2(names)3.117 E
+F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F .257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F .257
+(xport to the en)-.15 F .257(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15(xe)
+-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.626(commands. If)144 120 R(the)2.626 E F1<ad66>
+2.626 E F0 .127(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the).15 F F2
+(names)2.987 E F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no)5.127 F F2
+(names)2.987 E F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, or if the)
+.15 F F1<ad70>144 132 Q F0 .048
+(option is supplied, a list of names of all e)2.548 F .048(xported v)
+-.15 F .048(ariables is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.048 E F1<ad6e>2.547 E F0
+.047(option causes the)2.547 F -.15(ex)144 144 S 1.446
(port property to be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.947(df).15 G 1.447
(rom each)-3.947 F F2(name)3.947 E F0 6.447(.I)C 3.947(fav)-6.447 G
1.447(ariable name is follo)-4.197 F 1.447(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)
--.37 E F0 3.947(,t)C(he)-3.947 E -.25(va)144 648 S .742(lue of the v).25
+-.37 E F0 3.947(,t)C(he)-3.947 E -.25(va)144 156 S .742(lue of the v).25
F .742(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)3.242 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1
(export)5.742 E F0 .742(returns an e)3.242 F .741
(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G .741(lid option is)
-.25 F .031(encountered, one of the)144 660 R F2(names)2.531 E F0 .031
+.25 F .031(encountered, one of the)144 168 R F2(names)2.531 E F0 .031
(is not a v)2.531 F .032(alid shell v)-.25 F .032(ariable name, or)-.25
F F1<ad66>2.532 E F0 .032(is supplied with a)2.532 F F2(name)2.892 E F0
-(that)2.712 E(is not a function.)144 672 Q F1(fc)108 688.8 Q F0([)2.5 E
+(that)2.712 E(is not a function.)144 180 Q F1(fc)108 196.8 Q F0([)2.5 E
F1<ad65>A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
<8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(last)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(fc \255s)108
-700.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
+208.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .432
-(The \214rst form selects a range of commands from)144 712.8 R F2<8c72>
+(The \214rst form selects a range of commands from)144 220.8 R F2<8c72>
4.842 E(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.612 E F2(last)3.022 E F0 .431
(from the history list and displays or)3.612 F .141(edits and re-e)144
-724.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .141(cutes them.).15 F F2 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs)
+232.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .141(cutes them.).15 F F2 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs)
.45 G(t).1 E F0(and)3.321 E F2(last)2.731 E F0 .141
-(may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command)3.321 F
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
-(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(be)144 84 Q .311
-(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde)-.15 F 2.811(xi)
--.15 G .31(nto the history list, where a ne)-2.811 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti)
-.05 E .61 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E .071(is used as an of)144 96 R
-.071(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F .071
-(When listing, a)5.071 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF<8c72>2.571 E(st)-.1 E
-F0(or)2.571 E F1(last)2.571 E F0 .071(of 0 is equi)2.571 F -.25(va)-.25
-G(-).25 E .653(lent to \2551 and \2550 is equi)144 108 R -.25(va)-.25 G
-.653(lent to the current command \(usually the).25 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(fc)3.153 E F0 .653(command\); otherwise 0 is)3.153 F(equi)144 120 Q
--.25(va)-.25 G .242(lent to \2551 and \2550 is in).25 F -.25(va)-.4 G
-2.742(lid. If).25 F F1(last)2.832 E F0 .242
+(may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command)3.321 F(be)
+144 244.8 Q .311(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde)
+-.15 F 2.811(xi)-.15 G .31(nto the history list, where a ne)-2.811 F
+-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .61 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E .071
+(is used as an of)144 256.8 R .071
+(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F .071(When listing, a)
+5.071 F F2<8c72>2.571 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)2.571 E F2(last)2.571 E F0 .071
+(of 0 is equi)2.571 F -.25(va)-.25 G(-).25 E .653
+(lent to \2551 and \2550 is equi)144 268.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G .653
+(lent to the current command \(usually the).25 F F1(fc)3.153 E F0 .653
+(command\); otherwise 0 is)3.153 F(equi)144 280.8 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .242
+(lent to \2551 and \2550 is in).25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 2.742(lid. If).25 F
+F2(last)2.832 E F0 .242
(is not speci\214ed, it is set to the current command for list-)3.422 F
-.093(ing \(so that)144 132 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .093(fc \255l \25510)
-2.593 F F0 .093(prints the last 10 commands\) and to)2.593 F F1<8c72>
-4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.592(otherwise. If)3.272 F F1<8c72>4.502 E(st)-.1 E
-F0 .092(is not speci-)3.272 F(\214ed, it is set to the pre)144 144 Q
-(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 168 Q
+.093(ing \(so that)144 292.8 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .093(fc \255l \25510)
+2.593 F F0 .093(prints the last 10 commands\) and to)2.593 F F2<8c72>
+4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.592(otherwise. If)3.272 F F2<8c72>4.502 E(st)-.1 E
+F0 .092(is not speci-)3.272 F(\214ed, it is set to the pre)144 304.8 Q
+(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 328.8
+
Q F1<ad6e>2.522 E F0 .022
(option suppresses the command numbers when listing.)2.522 F(The)5.022 E
-F
2<ad72>2.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022
-(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 180 R .438(If the)5.438
-
F F2<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438
+F
1<ad72>2.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022
+(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 340.8 R .438(If the)
+
5.438 F F1<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438
(n, the commands are listed on standard output.).15 F(Otherwise,)5.438 E
-.334(the editor gi)144 192 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.834(nb).15 G(y)-2.834 E F1
-(ename)3.024 E F0 .335(is in)3.014 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835(do)
-.1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835 F
-(If)5.335 E F1(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is not gi)3.015 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(n,).15 E .631(the v)144 204 R .631(alue of the)-.25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF(FCEDIT)3.131 E F0 -.25(va)2.881 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25
-F .631(alue of)-.25 F F4(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F4
-(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 .63(is not set.)2.88 F .63(If nei-)5.63 F .005(ther v)
-144 216 R .005(ariable is set,)-.25 F F1(vi)4.171 E F0 .005(is used.)
-4.171 F .005
+.334(the editor gi)144 352.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.834(nb).15 G(y)-2.834 E
+F2(ename)3.024 E F0 .335(is in)3.014 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835
+(do).1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835
+F(If)5.335 E F2(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is not gi)3.015 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+(n,).15 E .631(the v)144 364.8 R .631(alue of the)-.25 F/F4 9
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(FCEDIT)3.131 E F0 -.25(va)2.881 G .631
+(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of)-.25 F F4(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)
+-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F4(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 .63(is not set.)2.88 F .63
+(If nei-)5.63 F .005(ther v)144 376.8 R .005(ariable is set,)-.25 F F2
+(vi)4.171 E F0 .005(is used.)4.171 F .005
(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and e)5.005 F
-(x-)-.15 E(ecuted.)144 228 Q .789(In the second form,)144 252 R F1
+(x-)-.15 E(ecuted.)144 388.8 Q .789(In the second form,)144 412.8 R F2
(command)3.288 E F0 .788(is re-e)3.288 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .788
-(cuted after each instance of).15 F F1(pat)3.288 E F0 .788
-(is replaced by)3.288 F F1 -.37(re)3.288 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F1(Com-)5.788
-E(mand)144 264 Q F0 .171(is interpreted the same as)2.671 F F1<8c72>
+(cuted after each instance of).15 F F2(pat)3.288 E F0 .788
+(is replaced by)3.288 F F2 -.37(re)3.288 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F2(Com-)5.788
+E(mand)144 424.8 Q F0 .171(is interpreted the same as)2.671 F F2<8c72>
2.671 E(st)-.1 E F0(abo)2.671 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.171(.A).15 G .172
(useful alias to use with this is)-2.499 F F3 .172(r='fc \255s')2.672 F
-F0 2.672(,s)C 2.672(ot)-2.672 G(hat)-2.672 E(typing)144 276 Q F3 7.166
+F0 2.672(,s)C 2.672(ot)-2.672 G(hat)-2.672 E(typing)144 436.8 Q F3 7.166
(rc)3.666 G(c)-7.166 E F0 1.166(runs the last command be)3.666 F 1.166
(ginning with)-.15 F F3(cc)3.666 E F0 1.165(and typing)3.666 F F3(r)
3.665 E F0(re-e)3.665 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.165(cutes the last com-).15 F
-(mand.)144 288 Q .142(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 312
-R .142(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142
-(lid option is encountered or).25 F F1<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322
-E F1(last)2.732 E F0 .455(specify history lines out of range.)144 324 R
-
.454(If the)5.454 F F2<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454
+(mand.)144 448.8 Q .142(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144
+472.8 R .142(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142
+(lid option is encountered or).25 F F2<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322
+E F2(last)2.732 E F0 .455(specify history lines out of range.)144 484.8
+
R .454(If the)5.454 F F1<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454
(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .454(alue is the v)-.25 F .454
-(alue of the)-.25 F .787(last command e)144 336 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .787
+(alue of the)-.25 F .787(last command e)144 496.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .787
(cuted or f).15 F .788
(ailure if an error occurs with the temporary \214le of commands.)-.1 F
.788(If the)5.788 F 1.136
(second form is used, the return status is that of the command re-e)144
-348 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.135(cuted, unless).15 F F1(cmd)3.835 E F0 1.135
-(does not)4.405 F(specify a v)144 360 Q
-(alid history line, in which case)-.25 E F2(fc)2.5 E F0(returns f)2.5 E
-(ailure.)-.1 E F2(fg)108 376.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume)
-144 388.8 Q F1(jobspec)5.653 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.223 F 1.413
+508.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.135(cuted, unless).15 F F2(cmd)3.835 E F0 1.135
+(does not)4.405 F(specify a v)144 520.8 Q
+(alid history line, in which case)-.25 E F1(fc)2.5 E F0(returns f)2.5 E
+(ailure.)-.1 E F1(fg)108 537.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume)
+144 549.6 Q F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.223 F 1.413
(ground, and mak)-.15 F 3.913(ei)-.1 G 3.913(tt)-3.913 G 1.413
-(he current job)-3.913 F 6.413(.I)-.4 G(f)-6.413 E F1(jobspec)5.653 E F0
-1.414(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 400.8 Q 3.117(sn)-.55 G
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-(Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.)180 583.2 Q F1
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321.6 Q F1<ad70>
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-(Display only running jobs.)180 345.6 Q F1<ad73>144 357.6 Q F0
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477.6 Q F1<ad70>
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-E F1(kill)108
432 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad73>A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1
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588 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad73>A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1
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444 Q F0(|)A F1<ad4c>A F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5
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600 Q F0(|)A F1<ad4c>A F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5
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516 R F1<ad6c>3.3 E F0 .8
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672 R F1<ad6c>3.3 E F0 .8
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(ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F
-(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 432 Q F1(+)144 444 Q F2(n)A F0
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.293(alues may be used: \2551 represents the)-.25 F .693
-(current time, and \2552 represents the time the shell w)180 192 R .693
-(as in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.194(d. If).1 F .694(no ar)3.194
-F .694(gument is speci-)-.18 F .21(\214ed, con)180 204 R -.15(ve)-.4 G
-.21(rsion beha).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.71(sa).15 G 2.71(si)-2.71 G 2.71
-<66ad>-2.71 G 2.71(1h)-2.71 G .21(ad been gi)-2.71 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.71
-(n. This).15 F .21(is an e)2.71 F .21(xception to the usual)-.15 F F1
-(printf)2.71 E F0(beha)180 216 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E .901
-(The %b, %q, and %T directi)144 232.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.401(sa).15 G
+(current time, and \2552 represents the time the shell w)180 340.8 R
+.693(as in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.194(d. If).1 F .694(no ar)
+3.194 F .694(gument is speci-)-.18 F .21(\214ed, con)180 352.8 R -.15
+(ve)-.4 G .21(rsion beha).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.71(sa).15 G 2.71(si)-2.71
+G 2.71<66ad>-2.71 G 2.71(1h)-2.71 G .21(ad been gi)-2.71 F -.15(ve)-.25
+G 2.71(n. This).15 F .21(is an e)2.71 F .21(xception to the usual)-.15 F
+F1(printf)2.71 E F0(beha)180 364.8 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E .901
+(The %b, %q, and %T directi)144 381.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.401(sa).15 G
.901(ll use the \214eld width and precision ar)-3.401 F .902
(guments from the format)-.18 F .358(speci\214cation and write that man)
-144 244.8 R 2.858(yb)-.15 G .357
+144 393.6 R 2.858(yb)-.15 G .357
(ytes from \(or use that wide a \214eld for\) the e)-2.858 F .357
(xpanded ar)-.15 F(gument,)-.18 E
-(which usually contains more characters than the original.)144 256.8 Q
-(Ar)144 273.6 Q .463(guments to non-string format speci\214ers are trea\
+(which usually contains more characters than the original.)144 405.6 Q
+(Ar)144 422.4 Q .463(guments to non-string format speci\214ers are trea\
ted as C constants, e)-.18 F .464(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F
-1.259(minus sign is allo)144 285.6 R 1.259
+1.259(minus sign is allo)144 434.4 R 1.259
(wed, and if the leading character is a single or double quote, the v)
--.25 F 1.258(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 297.6 Q(alue of the follo)
--.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 314.4 Q F2(format)2.514 E
+-.25 F 1.258(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 446.4 Q(alue of the follo)
+-.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 463.2 Q F2(format)2.514 E
F0 .015(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)2.514 F F2(ar)2.515
E(guments)-.37 E F0 5.015(.I)C 2.515(ft)-5.015 G(he)-2.515 E F2(format)
2.515 E F0 .015(requires more)2.515 F F2(ar)2.515 E(-)-.2 E(guments)144
-326.4 Q F0 .566(than are supplied, the e)3.066 F .566
+475.2 Q F0 .566(than are supplied, the e)3.066 F .566
(xtra format speci\214cations beha)-.15 F .866 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.066(si)
.15 G 3.065(faz)-3.066 G .565(ero v)-3.065 F .565(alue or null string,)
--.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 338.4 Q(The return v)5 E
+-.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 487.2 Q(The return v)5 E
(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E F1(pushd)
-108
355.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C
-<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A F1(pushd)108 367.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0
-2.5(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the d\
-irectory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 379.2 R 3.14(wt)
--.25 G .64(op of the)-3.14 F .089(stack the current w)144 391.2 R .089
+108
504 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C
+<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A F1(pushd)108 516 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5
+(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the dire\
+ctory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 528 R 3.14(wt)-.25
+G .64(op of the)-3.14 F .089(stack the current w)144 540 R .089
(orking directory)-.1 F 5.089(.W)-.65 G .089(ith no ar)-5.489 F
(guments,)-.18 E F1(pushd)2.589 E F0 -.15(ex)2.588 G .088
(changes the top tw).15 F 2.588(oe)-.1 G .088(lements of)-2.588 F
-(the directory stack.)144 403.2 Q(Ar)5 E(guments, if supplied, ha)-.18 E
-.3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6e>144
-415.2 Q F0 1.811(Suppresses the normal change of directory when rotatin\
-g or adding directories to the)180 415.2 R
-(stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.)180 427.2 Q F1(+)144
-439.2 Q F2(n)A F0 1.268(Rotates the stack so that the)180 439.2 R F2(n)
-3.768 E F0 1.267(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B
-1.267(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)180 451.2 Q F0 2.5(,s)C
-(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F1<ad>144 463.2 Q F2(n)A F0
-.92(Rotates the stack so that the)180 463.2 R F2(n)3.42 E F0 .92
+(the directory stack.)144 552 Q(Ar)5 E(guments, if supplied, ha)-.18 E
+.3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6e>144 564
+Q F0 1.811(Suppresses the normal change of directory when rotating or a\
+dding directories to the)180 564 R
+(stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.)180 576 Q F1(+)144 588 Q
+F2(n)A F0 1.268(Rotates the stack so that the)180 588 R F2(n)3.768 E F0
+1.267(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.267
+(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)180 600 Q F0 2.5(,s)C
+(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F1<ad>144 612 Q F2(n)A F0 .92
+(Rotates the stack so that the)180 612 R F2(n)3.42 E F0 .92
(th directory \(counting from the right of the list sho)B .92(wn by)-.25
-F F1(dirs)180 475.2 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)
--2.5 E F2(dir)144.35 487.2 Q F0(Adds)180 487.2 Q F2(dir)2.85 E F0
+F F1(dirs)180 624 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5
+E F2(dir)144.35 636 Q F0(Adds)180 636 Q F2(dir)2.85 E F0
(to the directory stack at the top)3.23 E .435
-(After the stack has been modi\214ed, if the)144
504 R F1<ad6e>2.935 E
+(After the stack has been modi\214ed, if the)144
652.8 R F1<ad6e>2.935 E
F0 .434(option w)2.934 F .434(as not supplied,)-.1 F F1(pushd)2.934 E F0
.434(uses the)2.934 F F1(cd)2.934 E F0 -.2(bu)2.934 G .434(iltin to).2 F
-(change to the directory at the top of the stack.)144 516 Q(If the)5 E
+(change to the directory at the top of the stack.)144 664.8 Q(If the)5 E
F1(cd)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils,).1 E F1(pushd)2.5 E F0
(returns a non-zero v)2.5 E(alue.)-.25 E 1.78(Otherwise, if no ar)144
-532.8 R 1.78(guments are supplied,)-.18 F F1(pushd)4.28 E F0 1.78
+681.6 R 1.78(guments are supplied,)-.18 F F1(pushd)4.28 E F0 1.78
(returns 0 unless the directory stack is empty)4.28 F(.)-.65 E .093
-(When rotating the directory stack,)144 544.8 R F1(pushd)2.593 E F0 .092
+(When rotating the directory stack,)144 693.6 R F1(pushd)2.593 E F0 .092
(returns 0 unless the directory stack is empty or a non-e)2.593 F(x-)
--.15 E(istent directory stack element is speci\214ed.)144 556.8 Q 1.277
-(If the)144 573.6 R F1(pushd)3.777 E F0 1.277
+-.15 E(istent directory stack element is speci\214ed.)144 705.6 Q 1.277
+(If the)144 722.4 R F1(pushd)3.777 E F0 1.277
(command is successful, bash runs)3.777 F F1(dirs)3.777 E F0 1.278
(to sho)3.778 F 3.778(wt)-.25 G 1.278
-(he \214nal contents of the directory)-3.778 F(stack.)144 585.6 Q F1
-(pwd)108 602.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255LP)A F0(])A .845
-(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 614.4 R .845
+(he \214nal contents of the directory)-3.778 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
+(2022 June 3)150.675 E(71)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+%%Page: 72 72
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
+(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(stack.)144 84 Q/F1
+10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pwd)108 100.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255LP)A F0(])A .845
+(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 112.8 R .845
(orking directory)-.1 F 5.844(.T)-.65 G .844
(he pathname printed contains no)-5.844 F .181(symbolic links if the)144
-
626.4 R F1<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1
+
124.8 R F1<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1
.181(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F1
(set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264
-(enabled. If)144
638.4 R(the)3.264 E F1<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763
+(enabled. If)144
136.8 R(the)3.264 E F1<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763
(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.264
F .763(The return)5.763 F .405(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\
- reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 650.4 R -.25(va)
--.4 G .405(lid op-).25 F(tion is supplied.)144 662.4 Q F1 -.18(re)108
-
679.2 S(ad).18 E F0([)3.817 E F1(\255ers)A F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad61>-3.817
-E F2(aname)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad64>-3.817 E F2(delim)3.817 E F0
-3.817(][)C F1<ad69>-3.817 E F2(te)3.817 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.817(][)C F1
-<ad6e>-3.817 E F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad4e>
--3.816 E F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad70>-3.816 E
-F2(pr)3.816 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad74>-3.816 E F2(timeout)
-3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad75>-3.816 E F2(fd)3.816 E F0(])A([)108 691.2
-Q F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the standard input\
-, or from the \214le descriptor)144 703.2 R F2(fd)3.016 E F0 .516
-(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .517(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 715.2 Q F1
-<ad75>2.936 E F0 .436(option, split into w)2.936 F .435
+ reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 148.8 R -.25(va)
+-.4 G .405(lid op-).25 F(tion is supplied.)144 160.8 Q F1 -.18(re)108
+
177.6 S(ad).18 E F0([)3.817 E F1(\255ers)A F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad61>-3.817
+E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(aname)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad64>-3.817 E
+F2(delim)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad69>-3.817 E F2(te)3.817 E(xt)-.2 E
+F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad6e>-3.817 E F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816
+(][)C F1<ad4e>-3.816 E F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F1
+<ad70>-3.816 E F2(pr)3.816 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad74>-3.816 E
+F2(timeout)3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad75>-3.816 E F2(fd)3.816 E F0(])A
+([)108 189.6 Q F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the s\
+tandard input, or from the \214le descriptor)144 201.6 R F2(fd)3.016 E
+F0 .516(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .517(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 213.6 Q
+
F1<ad75>2.936 E F0 .436(option, split into w)2.936 F .435
(ords as described abo)-.1 F .735 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75
(Wo)2.935 G .435(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.935(,a)C .435(nd the \214rst w)
--2.935 F .435(ord is as-)-.1 F .375(signed to the \214rst)144 727.2 R F2
+-2.935 F .435(ord is as-)-.1 F .375(signed to the \214rst)144 225.6 R F2
(name)3.235 E F0 2.876(,t).18 G .376(he second w)-2.876 F .376
(ord to the second)-.1 F F2(name)3.236 E F0 2.876(,a).18 G .376
-(nd so on.)-2.876 F .376(If there are more w)5.376 F(ords)-.1 E
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(71)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
-(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .237
-(than names, the remaining w)144 84 R .237(ords and their interv)-.1 F
-.237(ening delimiters are assigned to the last)-.15 F/F1 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)3.096 E F0 5.236(.I).18 G(f)-5.236 E .874
-(there are fe)144 96 R .874(wer w)-.25 F .875(ords read from the input \
-stream than names, the remaining names are assigned)-.1 F .518(empty v)
-144 108 R 3.018(alues. The)-.25 F .518(characters in)3.018 F/F2 9
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.018 E F0 .518(are used to split the line into w)
-2.768 F .517(ords using the same rules the)-.1 F .026(shell uses for e)
-144 120 R .026(xpansion \(described abo)-.15 F .326 -.15(ve u)-.15 H
-(nder).15 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.75(Wo)2.526 G .026(rd Splitting).75
-F F0 2.526(\). The)B .026(backslash character \()2.526 F F3(\\)A F0
-2.527(\)m)C(ay)-2.527 E .489(be used to remo)144 132 R .788 -.15(ve a)
--.15 H .788 -.15(ny s).15 H .488(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .488
+(nd so on.)-2.876 F .376(If there are more w)5.376 F(ords)-.1 E .237
+(than names, the remaining w)144 237.6 R .237(ords and their interv)-.1
+F .237(ening delimiters are assigned to the last)-.15 F F2(name)3.096 E
+F0 5.236(.I).18 G(f)-5.236 E .874(there are fe)144 249.6 R .874(wer w)
+-.25 F .875(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining n\
+ames are assigned)-.1 F .518(empty v)144 261.6 R 3.018(alues. The)-.25 F
+.518(characters in)3.018 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.018 E F0 .518
+(are used to split the line into w)2.768 F .517
+(ords using the same rules the)-.1 F .026(shell uses for e)144 273.6 R
+.026(xpansion \(described abo)-.15 F .326 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1
+-.75(Wo)2.526 G .026(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.526(\). The)B .026
+(backslash character \()2.526 F F1(\\)A F0 2.527(\)m)C(ay)-2.527 E .489
+(be used to remo)144 285.6 R .788 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .788 -.15(ny s).15 H
+.488(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .488
(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F(Op-)5.488 E
-(tions, if supplied, ha)144 144 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
-(wing meanings:)-.25 E F3<ad61>144 156 Q F1(aname)2.5 E F0 1.025(The w)
-180 168 R 1.026(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)
--.1 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(aname)3.856 E F0 3.526(,s).18 G 1.026
-(tarting at 0.)-3.526 F F1(aname)180.33 180 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68
-E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 -.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E
-F1(name)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F3<ad64>144 192 Q
-F1(delim)2.5 E F0 .281(The \214rst character of)180 204 R F1(delim)2.781
-E F0 .281(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.781 F
-2.78(wline. If)-.25 F F1(de-)2.78 E(lim)180 216 Q F0
-(is the empty string,)2.5 E F3 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0
-(will terminate a line when it reads a NUL character)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F3
-<ad65>144 228 Q F0 .372
-(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)180 228 R F3 -.18(re)
-2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F2(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo)2.623 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E .218
-(to obtain the line.)180 240 R .218(Readline uses the current \(or def)
-5.218 F .218(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F
-(viously)-.25 E(acti)180 252 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G
-(diting settings, b)-2.5 E(ut uses Readline')-.2 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ef)-2.5
-E(ault \214lename completion.)-.1 E F3<ad69>144 264 Q F1(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2
-E F0(If)180 264 Q F3 -.18(re)2.715 G(adline).18 E F0 .216
-(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F1(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216
+(tions, if supplied, ha)144 297.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
+(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 309.6 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.025
+(The w)180 321.6 R 1.026
+(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable)
+-.25 E F2(aname)3.856 E F0 3.526(,s).18 G 1.026(tarting at 0.)-3.526 F
+F2(aname)180.33 333.6 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5
+-.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0
+(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 345.6 Q F2(delim)2.5 E
+F0 .281(The \214rst character of)180 357.6 R F2(delim)2.781 E F0 .281
+(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.781 F 2.78
+(wline. If)-.25 F F2(de-)2.78 E(lim)180 369.6 Q F0(is the empty string,)
+2.5 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0
+(will terminate a line when it reads a NUL character)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1
+<ad65>144 381.6 Q F0 .372
+(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)180 381.6 R F1 -.18
+(re)2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo)
+2.623 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E
+.218(to obtain the line.)180 393.6 R .218
+(Readline uses the current \(or def)5.218 F .218
+(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F(viously)-.25 E
+(acti)180 405.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings, b)-2.5 E
+(ut uses Readline')-.2 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ef)-2.5 E
+(ault \214lename completion.)-.1 E F1<ad69>144 417.6 Q F2(te)2.5 E(xt)
+-.2 E F0(If)180 417.6 Q F1 -.18(re)2.715 G(adline).18 E F0 .216
+(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F2(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216
(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .216(fer before edit-)
--.25 F(ing be)180 276 Q(gins.)-.15 E F3<ad6e>144 288 Q F1(nc)2.5 E(har)
--.15 E(s)-.1 E F3 -.18(re)180 300 S(ad).18 E F0 .323
-(returns after reading)2.823 F F1(nc)2.823 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .323
+-.25 F(ing be)180 429.6 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e>144 441.6 Q F2(nc)2.5 E
+(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 453.6 S(ad).18 E F0 .323
+(returns after reading)2.823 F F2(nc)2.823 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .323
(characters rather than w)2.823 F .323
-(aiting for a complete line of in-)-.1 F(put, b)180 312 Q
-(ut honors a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 E F1(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15
-E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F3
-<ad4e>144 324 Q F1(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F3 -.18(re)180 336 S(ad)
-.18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(nc)3.769
-E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F 1.27
-(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275
-(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 348 R F3 -.18(re)2.775
-G(ad).18 E F0 .274(times out.)2.774 F .274(Delimiter characters encoun-)
-5.274 F 1.002
-(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 360 R
-F3 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F1(nc)3.503
-E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .609(characters are read.)180 372 R .608
-(The result is not split on the characters in)5.609 F F3(IFS)3.108 E F0
-3.108(;t)C .608(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 384 S .669
+(aiting for a complete line of in-)-.1 F(put, b)180 465.6 Q
+(ut honors a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15
+E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1
+<ad4e>144 477.6 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 489.6 S
+(ad).18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc)
+3.769 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F
+1.27(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275
+(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 501.6 R F1 -.18(re)
+2.775 G(ad).18 E F0 .274(times out.)2.774 F .274
+(Delimiter characters encoun-)5.274 F 1.002
+(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 513.6
+R F1 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F2(nc)
+3.503 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .609(characters are read.)180 525.6 R .608
+(The result is not split on the characters in)5.609 F F1(IFS)3.108 E F0
+3.108(;t)C .608(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 537.6 S .669
(riable is assigned e).25 F .669
(xactly the characters read \(with the e)-.15 F .67
-(xception of backslash; see the)-.15 F F3<ad72>180 396 Q F0(option belo)
-2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F3<ad70>144 408 Q F1(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)
-180 420 Q F1(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.661 F
-3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161
-(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 432 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5
-(nput. The)-2.5 F
-(prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F3
-<ad72>144 444 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
-180 444 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of)
--5.543 F .493(the line.)180 456 R .493(In particular)5.493 F 2.993(,ab)
--.4 G(ackslash-ne)-2.993 E .493
-(wline pair may not then be used as a line continua-)-.25 F(tion.)180
-468 Q F3<ad73>144 480 Q F0(Silent mode.)180 480 Q
-(If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F3
-<ad74>144 492 Q F1(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 504 Q F3 -.18(re)2.928 G
-(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.928 F .428
+(xception of backslash; see the)-.15 F F1<ad72>180 549.6 Q F0
+(option belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1<ad70>144 561.6 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45
+E F0(Display)180 573.6 Q F2(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161
+(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne)
+-3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 585.6 Q
+2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F
+(prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1
+<ad72>144 597.6 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
+180 597.6 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544
+(he backslash is considered to be part of)-5.543 F .493(the line.)180
+609.6 R .493(In particular)5.493 F 2.993(,ab)-.4 G(ackslash-ne)-2.993 E
+.493(wline pair may not then be used as a line continua-)-.25 F(tion.)
+180 621.6 Q F1<ad73>144 633.6 Q F0(Silent mode.)180 633.6 Q
+(If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1
+<ad74>144 645.6 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 657.6 Q F1 -.18(re)2.928
+G(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.928 F .428
(ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .561
-(ber of characters\) is not read within)180 516 R F1(timeout)3.061 E F0
-(seconds.)3.061 E F1(timeout)5.561 E F0 .56(may be a decimal number)
-3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 528 Q
+(ber of characters\) is not read within)180 669.6 R F2(timeout)3.061 E
+F0(seconds.)3.061 E F2(timeout)5.561 E F0 .56(may be a decimal number)
+3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 681.6 Q
(wing the decimal point.)-.25 E(This option is only ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E
-.3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F3 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 .506(is readin\
+.3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 .506(is readin\
g input from a terminal, pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180
-540 R .505(fect when reading)-.25 F .589(from re)180 552 R .589
-(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.589 E F3 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0 .589
-(times out,)3.089 F F3 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve)
+693.6 R .505(fect when reading)-.25 F .589(from re)180 705.6 R .589
+(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.589 E F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0 .589
+(times out,)3.089 F F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve)
-.2 G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .59
-(artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 564 S(riable)
-.25 E F1(name)2.77 E F0 5.27(.I)C(f)-5.27 E F1(timeout)2.77 E F0 .27
-(is 0,)2.77 F F3 -.18(re)2.77 G(ad).18 E F0 .27(returns immediately)2.77
-F 2.77(,w)-.65 G .27(ithout trying to read an)-2.77 F 2.77(yd)-.15 G
-(ata.)-2.77 E .227(The e)180 576 R .228(xit status is 0 if input is a)
--.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G .228(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor)
-.25 F 2.728(,o)-.4 G 2.728(rt)-2.728 G .228(he read will re-)-2.728 F
-1.225(turn EOF)180 588 R 3.725(,n)-.8 G 1.225(on-zero otherwise.)-3.725
-F 1.225(The e)6.225 F 1.225
-(xit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e)-.15 F(x-)-.15 E
-(ceeded.)180 600 Q F3<ad75>144 612 Q F1(fd)2.5 E F0
-(Read input from \214le descriptor)180 612 Q F1(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .522
-(If no)144 628.8 R F1(names)3.382 E F0 .522
+(artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 717.6 S
+(riable).25 E F2(name)2.77 E F0 5.27(.I)C(f)-5.27 E F2(timeout)2.77 E F0
+.27(is 0,)2.77 F F1 -.18(re)2.77 G(ad).18 E F0 .27(returns immediately)
+2.77 F 2.77(,w)-.65 G .27(ithout trying to read an)-2.77 F 2.77(yd)-.15
+G(ata.)-2.77 E 1.041(The e)180 729.6 R 1.041
+(xit status is 0 if input is a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.041
+(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor).25 F 3.541(,o)-.4 G 3.542
+(rt)-3.541 G 1.042(he read will)-3.542 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
+(2022 June 3)150.675 E(72)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+%%Page: 73 73
+%%BeginPageSetup
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+%%EndPageSetup
+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
+(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .707(return EOF)
+180 84 R 3.207(,n)-.8 G .707(on-zero otherwise.)-3.207 F .707(The e)
+5.707 F .707(xit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e)-.15 F
+(x-)-.15 E(ceeded.)180 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad75>144 108 Q/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor)180 108
+Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .522(If no)144 124.8 R F2(names)3.382 E F0 .522
(are supplied, the line read, without the ending delimiter b)3.292 F
.522(ut otherwise unmodi\214ed, is)-.2 F 1.187(assigned to the v)144
-640.8 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(REPL)3.686 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(.)A F0 1.186(The e)5.686 F 1.186
-(xit status is zero, unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)-.15 F F3 -.18
+136.8 R(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REPL)3.686 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9
+/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.186(The e)5.686 F 1.186
+(xit status is zero, unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)-.15 F F1 -.18
(re)3.686 G(ad).18 E F0 .96
(times out \(in which case the status is greater than 128\), a v)144
-652.8 R .961(ariable assignment error \(such as as-)-.25 F .707
-(signing to a readonly v)144 664.8 R .706(ariable\) occurs, or an in)
+148.8 R .961(ariable assignment error \(such as as-)-.25 F .707
+(signing to a readonly v)144 160.8 R .706(ariable\) occurs, or an in)
-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .706(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the ar)
-.25 F .706(gument to)-.18 F F3<ad75>144 676.8 Q F0(.)A F3 -.18(re)108
-
693.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F3(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F3<ad70>-2.5 E
-F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])
--2.5 E .77(The gi)144 705.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F1(names)3.27 E F0
+.25 F .706(gument to)-.18 F F1<ad75>144 172.8 Q F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108
+
189.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E
+F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])
+-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 201.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0
.77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25
-F F1(names)3.63 E F0 .77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097
-(quent assignment.)144 717.6 R 1.097(If the)6.097 F F3<ad66>3.597 E F0
-1.097(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F1
-(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 729.6 Q 4.902(ed. The)
--.1 F F3<ad61>4.902 E F0 2.403(option restricts the v)4.903 F 2.403
-(ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.903(da).15 G 2.403(rrays; the)
--4.903 F F3<ad41>4.903 E F0 2.403(option restricts the)4.903 F
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(72)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
-(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -.25(va)144 84 S
-.425(riables to associati).25 F .725 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 2.925(rrays. If)
-.15 F .425(both options are supplied,)2.925 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
-<ad41>2.925 E F0(tak)2.925 E .424(es precedence.)-.1 F .424(If no)5.424
-F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)3.284 E F0(ar)3.104 E(-)-.2 E 1.275
-(guments are gi)144 96 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.275(n, or if the).15 F F1
-<ad70>3.775 E F0 1.275
-(option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.775 F
-(The)6.275 E .559(other options may be used to restrict the output to a\
- subset of the set of readonly names.)144 108 R(The)5.559 E F1<ad70>
-3.058 E F0 .2(option causes output to be displayed in a format that may\
- be reused as input.)144 120 R .201(If a v)5.201 F .201(ariable name is)
--.25 F(follo)144 132 Q .134(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.634
-(,t)C .133(he v)-2.634 F .133(alue of the v)-.25 F .133
-(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)2.633 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.133(.T)C .133
-(he return status is 0 unless an in)-5.133 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .26
-(option is encountered, one of the)144 144 R F2(names)3.12 E F0 .26
-(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v)-.25 F .26(ariable name, or)-.25 F
-F1<ad66>2.76 E F0 .26(is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 156 Q F0
-(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 172.8 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15
-E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .021(Causes a function to stop e)144 184.8 R
+F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097
+(quent assignment.)144 213.6 R 1.097(If the)6.097 F F1<ad66>3.597 E F0
+1.097(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F2
+(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 225.6 Q 3.334(ed. The)
+-.1 F F1<ad61>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834
+(ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the)
+-3.334 F F1<ad41>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-)
+-.25 E .777(ables to associati)144 237.6 R 1.077 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.277
+(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.277 F F1<ad41>3.277 E
+F0(tak)3.277 E .776(es precedence.)-.1 F .776(If no)5.776 F F2(name)
+3.636 E F0(ar)3.456 E(gu-)-.18 E .521(ments are gi)144 249.6 R -.15(ve)
+-.25 G .521(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>3.021 E F0 .521
+(option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.021 F
+.522(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \
+to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 261.6 R(The)5.295 E F1
+<ad70>2.795 E F0(option)2.795 E .786
+(causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)
+144 273.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .786(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144
+285.6 Q .718(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v)
+-3.218 F .718(alue of the v)-.25 F .718(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)
+3.218 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.718(.T)C .718(he return status is 0 unless an in)
+-5.718 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .26(option is encountered, one of the)
+144 297.6 R F2(names)3.12 E F0 .26(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v)
+-.25 F .26(ariable name, or)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.76 E F0 .26
+(is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 309.6 Q F0
+(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 326.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15
+E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .021(Causes a function to stop e)144 338.4 R
-.15(xe)-.15 G .021(cuting and return the v).15 F .021
(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(to its caller)2.76 F 5.02
(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(is omitted,)2.76 F .596
-(the return status is that of the last command e)144 196.8 R -.15(xe)
+(the return status is that of the last command e)144 350.4 R -.15(xe)
-.15 G .597(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.597(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.597 E
F1 -.18(re)3.097 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .597(is e)3.097 F -.15(xe)-.15
-G(cuted).15 E .267(by a trap handler)144 208.8 R 2.767(,t)-.4 G .267
+G(cuted).15 E .267(by a trap handler)144 362.4 R 2.767(,t)-.4 G .267
(he last command used to determine the status is the last command e)
-2.767 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .267(cuted be-).15 F .02(fore the trap handler)
-144 220.8 R 5.02(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F1 -.18(re)2.52 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15
+144 374.4 R 5.02(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F1 -.18(re)2.52 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15
E F0 .02(is e)2.52 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuted during a).15 F F1(DEB)2.52
E(UG)-.1 E F0 .02(trap, the last command used to deter)2.52 F(-)-.2 E
-.886(mine the status is the last command e)144 232.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
+.886(mine the status is the last command e)144 386.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
.886(cuted by the trap handler before).15 F F1 -.18(re)3.385 G(tur).18 E
(n)-.15 E F0 -.1(wa)3.385 G 3.385(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-3.385 H -.1(ke)
-.4 G 3.385(d. If).1 F F1 -.18(re)144 244.8 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .627
+.4 G 3.385(d. If).1 F F1 -.18(re)144 398.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .627
(is used outside a function, b)3.127 F .628(ut during e)-.2 F -.15(xe)
-.15 G .628(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)3.128 E F0(\()5.628 E
F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.128(\)c)C .628(ommand, it)-3.128 F .589
-(causes the shell to stop e)144 256.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .589
+(causes the shell to stop e)144 410.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .589
(cuting that script and return either).15 F F2(n)3.448 E F0 .588
(or the e)3.328 F .588(xit status of the last com-)-.15 F .325(mand e)
-144 268.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .325(cuted within the script as the e).15 F
+144 422.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .325(cuted within the script as the e).15 F
.326(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.326 E F2(n)2.826 E F0 .326
(is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .326(alue is)-.25 F .445
-(its least signi\214cant 8 bits.)144 280.8 R .444
+(its least signi\214cant 8 bits.)144 434.4 R .444
(The return status is non-zero if)5.445 F F1 -.18(re)2.944 G(tur).18 E
(n)-.15 E F0 .444(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.944 F(gu-)-.18 E .381
-(ment, or is used outside a function and not during e)144 292.8 R -.15
+(ment, or is used outside a function and not during e)144 446.4 R -.15
(xe)-.15 G .381(cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.881 E F0(or)3.714 E
F1(sour)2.881 E(ce)-.18 E F0 5.381(.A)C .681 -.15(ny c)-5.381 H(om-).15
-E .75(mand associated with the)144 304.8 R F1(RETURN)3.249 E F0 .749
+E .75(mand associated with the)144 458.4 R F1(RETURN)3.249 E F0 .749
(trap is e)3.249 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .749(cuted before e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15
-G .749(cution resumes after the function).15 F(or script.)144 316.8 Q F1
-(set)108 333.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1
+G .749(cution resumes after the function).15 F(or script.)144 470.4 Q F1
+(set)108 487.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1
<ad6f>-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<adad>-2.5 E F0 2.5
(][)C F1<ad>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E F1
-(set)108 345.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)
+(set)108 499.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)
-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<adad>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1
<ad>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144
-357.6 S .573(thout options, display the name and v).4 F .573
+511.2 S .573(thout options, display the name and v).4 F .573
(alue of each shell v)-.25 F .574
(ariable in a format that can be reused)-.25 F .113
-(as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 369.6 R 2.613
+(as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 523.2 R 2.613
(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.613 G .113
-(riables cannot be reset.).25 F(In)5.112 E F2 1.032(posix mode)144 381.6
+(riables cannot be reset.).25 F(In)5.112 E F2 1.032(posix mode)144 535.2
R F0 3.532(,o)C 1.032(nly shell v)-3.532 F 1.032(ariables are listed.)
-.25 F 1.032(The output is sorted according to the current locale.)6.032
-F .581(When options are speci\214ed, the)144 393.6 R 3.081(ys)-.15 G
+F .581(When options are speci\214ed, the)144 547.2 R 3.081(ys)-.15 G
.581(et or unset shell attrib)-3.081 F 3.081(utes. An)-.2 F 3.08(ya)-.15
G -.18(rg)-3.08 G .58(uments remaining after op-).18 F .16
-(tion processing are treated as v)144 405.6 R .161
+(tion processing are treated as v)144 559.2 R .161
(alues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in order)-.25 F
-2.661(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.661 E F1($1)2.661 E F0(,)A F1($2)144 417.6 Q F0(,)A
+2.661(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.661 E F1($1)2.661 E F0(,)A F1($2)144 571.2 Q F0(,)A
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+Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1(xtrace)
+184 228 Q F0(Same as)224 228 Q F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 246 Q F1
+<ad6f>3.053 E F0 .553(is supplied with no)3.053 F F2(option\255name)
+3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .552
(alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.552 E F1(+o)184
-114 Q F0 1.071(is supplied with no)3.571 F F2(option\255name)3.571 E F0
+258 Q F0 1.071(is supplied with no)3.571 F F2(option\255name)3.571 E F0
3.571(,as)C 1.071(eries of)-3.571 F F1(set)3.572 E F0 1.072
(commands to recreate the current)3.572 F
-(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184
126 Q F1<ad70>
-144 138 Q F0 -.45(Tu)184 138 S 1.072(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.822 E -.1
+(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184
270 Q F1<ad70>
+144 282 Q F0 -.45(Tu)184 282 S 1.072(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.822 E -.1
(ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.342 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F
-/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F3($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV)
--.27 E F0 1.071(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.5
-(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 150 R 1.501
+F3($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F3($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV)-.27 E F0 1.071
+(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.5
+(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 294 R 1.501
(vironment, and the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)4.001 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A
-F3 -.27(BA)184 162 S(SHOPTS).27 E F4(,)A F3(CDP)2.775 E -.855(AT)-.666 G
+F3 -.27(BA)184 306 S(SHOPTS).27 E F4(,)A F3(CDP)2.775 E -.855(AT)-.666 G
(H).855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.775 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.025 E F0 -.25(va)2.775 G
.524(riables, if the).25 F 3.024(ya)-.15 G .524(ppear in the en)-3.024 F
-(vironment,)-.4 E .379(are ignored.)184 174 R .379
+(vironment,)-.4 E .379(are ignored.)184 318 R .379
(If the shell is started with the ef)5.379 F(fecti)-.25 E .679 -.15
(ve u)-.25 H .38(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real).15 F .462
-(user \(group\) id, and the)184
186 R F1<ad70>2.961 E F0 .461
+(user \(group\) id, and the)184
330 R F1<ad70>2.961 E F0 .461
(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.961 F .461
-(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 198 Q .694 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .394
+(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 342 Q .694 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .394
(ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F .395(If the)5.395 F F1<ad70>
2.895 E F0 .395(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.895 F(fecti)-.25
-E -.15(ve)-.25 G .387(user id is not reset.)184 210 R -.45(Tu)5.387 G
+E -.15(ve)-.25 G .387(user id is not reset.)184 354 R -.45(Tu)5.387 G
.387(rning this option of).45 F 2.886(fc)-.25 G .386(auses the ef)-2.886
F(fecti)-.25 E .686 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .386(ser and group ids to be).15 F
-(set to the real user and group ids.)184 222 Q F1<ad72>144 234 Q F0
-(Enable restricted shell mode.)184 234 Q
-(This option cannot be unset once it has been set.)5 E F1<ad74>144 246 Q
-F0(Exit after reading and e)184 246 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
-(cuting one command.).15 E F1<ad75>144 258 Q F0 -.35(Tr)184 258 S .773
+(set to the real user and group ids.)184 366 Q F1<ad72>144 378 Q F0
+(Enable restricted shell mode.)184 378 Q
+(This option cannot be unset once it has been set.)5 E F1<ad74>144 390 Q
+F0(Exit after reading and e)184 390 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
+(cuting one command.).15 E F1<ad75>144 402 Q F0 -.35(Tr)184 402 S .773
(eat unset v).35 F .773(ariables and parameters other than the special \
-parameters "@" and "*", or)-.25 F .46(array v)184 270 R .459(ariables s\
+parameters "@" and "*", or)-.25 F .46(array v)184 414 R .459(ariables s\
ubscripted with "@" or "*", as an error when performing parameter e)-.25
-F(x-)-.15 E 2.89(pansion. If)184 282 R -.15(ex)2.89 G .391
+F(x-)-.15 E 2.89(pansion. If)184 426 R -.15(ex)2.89 G .391
(pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F .391(ariable or parameter)-.25
F 2.891(,t)-.4 G .391(he shell prints an)-2.891 F
-(error message, and, if not interacti)184 294 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(,e)
-.15 G(xits with a non-zero status.)-2.65 E F1<ad76>144 306 Q F0
-(Print shell input lines as the)184 306 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E
-F1<ad78>144 318 Q F0 .315(After e)184 318 R .315(xpanding each)-.15 F F2
+(error message, and, if not interacti)184 438 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(,e)
+.15 G(xits with a non-zero status.)-2.65 E F1<ad76>144 450 Q F0
+(Print shell input lines as the)184 450 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E
+F1<ad78>144 462 Q F0 .315(After e)184 462 R .315(xpanding each)-.15 F F2
.315(simple command)2.815 F F0(,)A F1 -.25(fo)2.815 G(r).25 E F0
(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(select)2.815 E
-F0(command,)2.815 E 1.235(or arithmetic)184 330 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r)
+F0(command,)2.815 E 1.235(or arithmetic)184 474 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r)
.25 E F0 1.236(command, display the e)3.736 F 1.236(xpanded v)-.15 F
1.236(alue of)-.25 F F3(PS4)3.736 E F4(,)A F0(follo)3.486 E 1.236
-(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 342 Q(xpanded ar)-.15 E
-(guments or associated w)-.18 E(ord list.)-.1 E F1<ad42>144 354 Q F0
-1.206(The shell performs brace e)184 354 R 1.206(xpansion \(see)-.15 F
+(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 486 Q(xpanded ar)-.15 E
+(guments or associated w)-.18 E(ord list.)-.1 E F1<ad42>144 498 Q F0
+1.206(The shell performs brace e)184 498 R 1.206(xpansion \(see)-.15 F
F1 1.205(Brace Expansion)3.705 F F0(abo)3.705 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.705
-(\). This).15 F 1.205(is on by de-)3.705 F -.1(fa)184 366 S(ult.).1 E F1
-<ad43>144 378 Q F0 .213(If set,)184 378 R F1(bash)2.713 E F0 .213
+(\). This).15 F 1.205(is on by de-)3.705 F -.1(fa)184 510 S(ult.).1 E F1
+<ad43>144 522 Q F0 .213(If set,)184 522 R F1(bash)2.713 E F0 .213
(does not o)2.713 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214
(xisting \214le with the)-.15 F F1(>)2.714 E F0(,)A F1(>&)2.714 E F0
2.714(,a)C(nd)-2.714 E F1(<>)2.714 E F0 .214(redirection opera-)2.714 F
-3.054(tors. This)184 390 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553
+3.054(tors. This)184 534 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553
(rridden when creating output \214les by using the redirection opera-)
-.15 F(tor)184 402 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1
-<ad45>144 414 Q F0 .103(If set, an)184 414 R 2.603(yt)-.15 G .103
+.15 F(tor)184 546 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1
+<ad45>144 558 Q F0 .103(If set, an)184 558 R 2.603(yt)-.15 G .103
(rap on)-2.603 F F1(ERR)2.603 E F0 .104
(is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.603
-F .839(mands e)184 426 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .839(cuted in a subshell en).15
+F .839(mands e)184 570 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .839(cuted in a subshell en).15
F 3.339(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .838
-(trap is normally not inherited in)3.338 F(such cases.)184 438 Q F1
-<ad48>144 450 Q F0(Enable)184 450 Q F1(!)3.031 E F0 .531
+(trap is normally not inherited in)3.338 F(such cases.)184 582 Q F1
+<ad48>144 594 Q F0(Enable)184 594 Q F1(!)3.031 E F0 .531
(style history substitution.)5.531 F .531(This option is on by def)5.531
-F .532(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 462 Q -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 474 Q F0 .96
-(If set, the shell does not resolv)184 474 R 3.459(es)-.15 G .959
+F .532(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 606 Q -.15
+(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 618 Q F0 .96
+(If set, the shell does not resolv)184 618 R 3.459(es)-.15 G .959
(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .959
(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.459 E F0 1.452
-(that change the current w)184 486 R 1.452(orking directory)-.1 F 6.452
+(that change the current w)184 630 R 1.452(orking directory)-.1 F 6.452
(.I)-.65 G 3.953(tu)-6.452 G 1.453(ses the ph)-3.953 F 1.453
-(ysical directory structure in-)-.05 F 3.335(stead. By)184 498 R(def)
+(ysical directory structure in-)-.05 F 3.335(stead. By)184 642 R(def)
3.335 E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)3.334 E F0(follo)3.334 E .834
(ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F
-(mands which change the current directory)184
510 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144
-522 Q F0 .89(If set, an)184 522 R 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1
+(mands which change the current directory)184
654 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144
+666 Q F0 .89(If set, an)184 666 R 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1
(DEB)3.39 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)3.39 E F1(RETURN)3.39 E F0 .89
(are inherited by shell functions, command)3.39 F 1.932
-(substitutions, and commands e)184 534 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932
+(substitutions, and commands e)184 678 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932
(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E
-(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 546 Q F0
-(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 558 Q
-F0 .4(If no ar)184 558 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401
+(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 690 Q F0
+(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 702 Q
+F0 .4(If no ar)184 702 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401
(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F
-(Otherwise,)5.401 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 570 Q
+(Otherwise,)5.401 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 714 Q
F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G
-(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad>144
-582 Q F0 .797(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)184 582 R
-F2(ar)3.297 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.297(st)C 3.297(ob)-3.297 G 3.296(ea)-3.297 G
-.796(ssigned to the positional pa-)-3.296 F 3.021(rameters. The)184 594
-R F1<ad78>3.021 E F0(and)3.022 E F1<ad76>3.022 E F0 .522
-(options are turned of)3.022 F 3.022(f. If)-.25 F .522(there are no)
-3.022 F F2(ar)3.022 E(g)-.37 E F0 .522(s, the positional pa-)B
-(rameters remain unchanged.)184 606 Q .425(The options are of)144 622.8
-R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425
-(ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425
+(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E F0(.)A
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(75)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
+%%Page: 76 76
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+%%EndPageSetup
+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
+(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
+SF<ad>144 84 Q F0 .797(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)
+184 84 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)3.297 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.297(st)C 3.297
+(ob)-3.297 G 3.296(ea)-3.297 G .796(ssigned to the positional pa-)-3.296
+F 3.021(rameters. The)184 96 R F1<ad78>3.021 E F0(and)3.022 E F1<ad76>
+3.022 E F0 .522(options are turned of)3.022 F 3.022(f. If)-.25 F .522
+(there are no)3.022 F F2(ar)3.022 E(g)-.37 E F0 .522
+(s, the positional pa-)B(rameters remain unchanged.)184 108 Q .425
+(The options are of)144 124.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)
+-2.925 E .425(ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425
(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .177
-(to be turned of)144 634.8 R 2.677(f. The)-.25 F .178
+(to be turned of)144 136.8 R 2.677(f. The)-.25 F .178
(options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in)
-.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .178(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.178 E .066
-(current set of options may be found in)144 646.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0
+(current set of options may be found in)144 148.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0
5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066
(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .066(lid option).25 F
-(is encountered.)144 658.8 Q F1(shift)108 675.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
-(])A .428(The positional parameters from)144 687.6 R F2(n)2.928 E F0
+(is encountered.)144 160.8 Q F1(shift)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
+(])A .428(The positional parameters from)144 189.6 R F2(n)2.928 E F0
.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.429 G
-.429(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 699.6 Q F1($#)2.583
+.429(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 201.6 Q F1($#)2.583
E F0(do)2.583 E .083(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.583 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .083
(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.443 E F0 .083(must be a non-ne)2.823 F -.05(ga)
-.15 G(ti).05 E .382 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .082(umber less than or equal to)
.15 F F1($#)2.582 E F0 5.082(.I)C(f)-5.082 E F2(n)2.942 E F0 .06
-(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 711.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0
+(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 213.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0
.06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F
(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56
-(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .144(positional parameters are not changed.)144 723.6 R
+(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .144(positional parameters are not changed.)144 225.6 R
.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.144 F F2(n)3.003 E F0
-.143(is greater than)2.883 F F1($#)2.643 E F0(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
-(2022 March 11)144.29 E(75)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
-(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E
-(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(shopt)
-108 100.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5
-(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(optname)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144
-112.8 S .639(ggle the v).8 F .639
+.143(is greater than)2.883 F F1($#)2.643 E F0
+(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 237.6 Q F1(shopt)108 254.4 Q F0([)
+2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname)
+-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 266.4 S .639(ggle the v).8 F .639
(alues of settings controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E
5.639(.T)-.55 G .64(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .375
-(listed belo)144 124.8 R 1.675 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.175 -.4(r, i).65 H
+(listed belo)144 278.4 R 1.675 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.175 -.4(r, i).65 H
2.875(ft).4 G(he)-2.875 E F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .375
(option is used, those a)2.875 F -.25(va)-.2 G .375(ilable with the).25
F F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .374(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.874 E F0 -.2
-(bu)2.874 G .374(iltin com-).2 F 2.565(mand. W)144 136.8 R .065
+(bu)2.874 G .374(iltin com-).2 F 2.565(mand. W)144 290.4 R .065
(ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F1<ad70>2.566 E F0 .066
(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an in-)2.566
-F .074(dication of whether or not each is set; if)144 148.8 R F2
+F .074(dication of whether or not each is set; if)144 302.4 R F2
(optnames)2.574 E F0 .074
(are supplied, the output is restricted to those op-)2.574 F 3.105
-(tions. The)144
160.8 R F1<ad70>3.105 E F0 .605(option causes output to\
+(tions. The)144
314.4 R F1<ad70>3.105 E F0 .605(option causes output to\
be displayed in a form that may be reused as input.)3.105 F(Other)5.605
-E(options ha)144 172.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
-(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>144 184.8 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)180
-184.8 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 196.8 Q F0
-(Disable \(unset\) each)180
196.8 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144
-208.8 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the return sta\
-tus indicates whether the)180 208.8 R F2(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E
-.255(set or unset.)180 220.8 R .255(If multiple)5.255 F F2(optname)2.755
+E(options ha)144 326.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
+(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>144 338.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)180
+338.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 350.4 Q F0
+(Disable \(unset\) each)180
350.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144
+362.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the return sta\
+tus indicates whether the)180 362.4 R F2(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E
+.255(set or unset.)180 374.4 R .255(If multiple)5.255 F F2(optname)2.755
E F0(ar)2.755 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G
(ith)-2.756 E F1<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256
-(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F(all)180 232.8 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E
-F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 244.8 Q F0
-(Restricts the v)180 244.8 Q(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0
+(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F(all)180 386.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E
+F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 398.4 Q F0
+(Restricts the v)180 398.4 Q(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0
(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0(option to the)2.5
-E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .625(If either)144 261.6 R F1
+E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .625(If either)144 415.2 R F1
<ad73>3.125 E F0(or)3.124 E F1<ad75>3.124 E F0 .624(is used with no)
3.124 F F2(optname)3.124 E F0(ar)3.124 E(guments,)-.18 E F1(shopt)3.124
E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F .983
-(set or unset, respecti)144 273.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.983(.U)
+(set or unset, respecti)144 427.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.983(.U)
-.65 G .983(nless otherwise noted, the)-5.983 F F1(shopt)3.484 E F0 .984
-(options are disabled \(unset\) by de-)3.484 F -.1(fa)144 285.6 S(ult.)
-.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144
-302.4 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)
-4.044 F .696
+(options are disabled \(unset\) by de-)3.484 F -.1(fa)144 439.2 S(ult.)
+.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 456
+R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)4.044 F
+.696
(When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an)
-144 314.4 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696
-(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 326.4 Q(The list of)144 343.2 Q F1(shopt)
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(xpressions used in pattern matching brack)-.15 F 2.519(et e)-.1 F 2.519
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(A)3.457 E F0(and)3.457 E F1(B)3.457 E F0 3.457(,a)C .957(nd upper)
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(xpansion will ne)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.785(rm).15 G .285
(atch the \214lenames)-2.785 F F1 -.63(``)2.785 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E
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3.019 E F0 .519(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F
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-(or more directories and subdirectories.)184 376.8 R .431
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--.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 475.2 Q(eedit)
--.18 E F0 .575(If set, and)184 487.2 R F1 -.18(re)3.075 G(adline).18 E
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Q F0 .486
(The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell \(see)184
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--.1(wa)184 312 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E
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7 F F1<ad70>2.507 E F0(and)144 180 Q F1<ad50>
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6 F F1<ad70>2.506 E F0(and)144 262.8 Q F1<ad50>
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-5.23 F F1<ad61>144 192 Q F0 .823(option is used,)3.323 F F1(type)3.323 E
-F0 .824(prints all of the places that contain an e)3.323 F -.15(xe)-.15
-G .824(cutable named).15 F F2(name)3.684 E F0 5.824(.T).18 G .824
-(his in-)-5.824 F 1.176
-(cludes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 2
04 R F1<ad70>
-3.676 E F0 1.176(option is not also used.)3.676 F 1.176
+F F4 -.666(PA)3.231 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .731
+(If the)5.231 F F1<ad61>144 274.8 Q F0 .824(option is used,)3.324 F F1
+(type)3.324 E F0 .824(prints all of the places that contain an e)3.324 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .823(cutable named).15 F F2(name)3.683 E F0 5.823(.T).18
+G .823(his in-)-5.823 F 1.176
+(cludes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 2
86.8 R F1<ad70>
+3.676 E F0 1.176(option is not also used.)3.676 F 1.177
(The table of hashed)6.176 F 1.223(commands is not consulted when using)
-144 2
16 R F1<ad61>3.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F1<ad66>3.723 E F0
-1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .326(with the)
-144 228 R F1(command)2.826 E F0 -.2(bu)2.826 G(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5.326
-E F0 .326(returns true if all of the ar)2.826 F .325
-(guments are found, f)-.18 F .325(alse if an)-.1 F 2.825(ya)-.15 G .325
-(re not)-2.825 F(found.)144 240 Q F1(ulimit)108 256.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
-(\255HS)A F0(])A F1<ad61>2.5 E(ulimit)108 268.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HS)A
+144 2
98.8 R F1<ad61>3.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F1<ad66>3.723 E F0
+1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .325(with the)
+144 310.8 R F1(command)2.825 E F0 -.2(bu)2.825 G(iltin.).2 E F1(type)
+5.325 E F0 .325(returns true if all of the ar)2.825 F .326
+(guments are found, f)-.18 F .326(alse if an)-.1 F 2.826(ya)-.15 G .326
+(re not)-2.826 F(found.)144 322.8 Q F1(ulimit)108 339.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
+(\255HS)A F0(])A F1<ad61>2.5 E(ulimit)108 351.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HS)A
F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255bcde\214klmnpqrstuvxPR)-2.5 E(T)-.4 E F0([)2.5 E F2
-(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 280.8 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)
--.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
+(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 363.6 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)
+-.15 G 2.744(rt).15 G .244(he resources a)-2.744 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
(ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F
-.944(that allo)144 292.8 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F
-(The)5.944 E F1<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943
+.943(that allo)144 375.6 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F
+(The)5.943 E F1<ad48>3.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .944
(options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi)
-144 304.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208
+144 387.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208
(hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\
-ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 316.8 R .426
-(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F1<ad48>2.925 E
-F0(nor)2.925 E F1<ad53>2.925 E F0 .425
-(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
-328.8 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
+ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 399.6 R .425
+(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F1<ad48>2.926 E
+F0(nor)2.926 E F1<ad53>2.926 E F0 .426
+(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
+411.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
(can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F
-.742(of the special v)144 340.8 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F1
+.741(of the special v)144 423.6 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F1
(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
-C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .023
-(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 352.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
+C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .024
+(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 435.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
5.023(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.023 E F2(limit)2.613 E F0 .023
(is omitted, the current v)3.203 F .023
-(alue of the soft limit of the re-)-.25 F .985
-(source is printed, unless the)144 364.8 R F1<ad48>3.485 E F0 .984
-(option is gi)3.485 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.484(n. When).15 F .984
+(alue of the soft limit of the re-)-.25 F .984
+(source is printed, unless the)144 447.6 R F1<ad48>3.484 E F0 .984
+(option is gi)3.484 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.484(n. When).15 F .985
(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)3.484 F .7
-(limit name and unit, if appropriate, are printed before the v)144 376.8
+(limit name and unit, if appropriate, are printed before the v)144 459.6
R 3.2(alue. Other)-.25 F .7(options are interpreted as)3.2 F(follo)144
-388.8 Q(ws:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 400.8 Q F0
-(All current limits are reported; no limits are set)180 4
00.8 Q F1<ad62>
-144 412.8 Q F0(The maximum sock)180 412.8 Q(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E
-(fer size)-.25 E F1<ad63>144 424.8 Q F0
-(The maximum size of core \214les created)180 424.8 Q F1<ad64>144 436.8
-Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 436.8 Q 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se)
--2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 448.8 Q F0
-(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))180
448.8 Q F1<ad66>144
-460.8 Q F0
+471.6 Q(ws:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 483.6 Q F0
+(All current limits are reported; no limits are set)180 4
83.6 Q F1<ad62>
+144 495.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)180 495.6 Q(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E
+(fer size)-.25 E F1<ad63>144 507.6 Q F0
+(The maximum size of core \214les created)180 507.6 Q F1<ad64>144 519.6
+Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 519.6 Q 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se)
+-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 531.6 Q F0
+(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))180
531.6 Q F1<ad66>144
+543.6 Q F0
(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)180
-460.8 Q F1<ad69>144 472.8 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)180
-472.8 Q F1<ad6b>144 484.8 Q F0
-(The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated)180 484.8 Q F1
-<ad6c>144 496.8 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)180 496.8 Q
-(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 508.8 Q F0
-(The maximum resident set size \(man)180 508.8 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G
-(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 520.8 Q F0 .791(Th\
+543.6 Q F1<ad69>144 555.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)180
+555.6 Q F1<ad6b>144 567.6 Q F0
+(The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated)180 567.6 Q F1
+<ad6c>144 579.6 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)180 579.6 Q
+(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 591.6 Q F0
+(The maximum resident set size \(man)180 591.6 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G
+(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 603.6 Q F0 .791(Th\
e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)
-180 520.8 R 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F
-(be set\))180 532.8 Q F1<ad70>144 544.8 Q F0
-(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 544.8 Q F1
-<ad71>144 556.8 Q F0
-(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)180 556.8 Q F1
-<ad72>144 568.8 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)180 568.8
-Q F1<ad73>144
580.8 Q F0(The maximum stack size)180 580.8 Q F1<ad74>144
-592.8 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)180 592.8 Q F1
-<ad75>144 604.8 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)180 604.8 Q -.25
-(va)-.2 G(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 616.8 Q F0 .47
-(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)180 616.8 R -.25(va)-.2 G .47
+180 603.6 R 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F
+(be set\))180 615.6 Q F1<ad70>144 627.6 Q F0
+(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 627.6 Q F1
+<ad71>144 639.6 Q F0
+(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)180 639.6 Q F1
+<ad72>144 651.6 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)180 651.6
+Q F1<ad73>144
663.6 Q F0(The maximum stack size)180 663.6 Q F1<ad74>144
+675.6 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)180 675.6 Q F1
+<ad75>144 687.6 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)180 687.6 Q -.25
+(va)-.2 G(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 699.6 Q F0 .47
+(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)180 699.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G .47
(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180
-628.8 Q F1<ad78>144 640.8 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)180
-640.8 Q F1<ad50>144 652.8 Q F0(The maximum number of pseudoterminals)180
-652.8 Q F1<ad52>144 664.8 Q F0(The maximum time a real-time process can\
- run before blocking, in microseconds)180 664.8 Q F1<ad54>144 676.8 Q F0
-(The maximum number of threads)180 676.8 Q(If)144 693.6 Q F2(limit)3.058
-E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .468(n, and the).15 F F1<ad61>
-2.968 E F0 .468(option is not used,)2.968 F F2(limit)2.968 E F0 .468
-(is the ne)2.968 F 2.968(wv)-.25 G .468
-(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .044
-(no option is gi)144 705.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .044(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>
-2.544 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045
-(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .045(xcept for)-.15 F F1
-<ad74>2.545 E F0 2.545(,w)C .045(hich is)-2.545 F .67(in seconds;)144
-717.6 R F1<ad52>3.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in microseconds;)-3.17 F
-F1<ad70>3.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks;)
--3.17 F F1<ad50>3.17 E F0(,)A F1<ad54>3.17 E F0(,)A F1<ad62>3.17 E F0(,)
-A F1<ad6b>144 729.6 Q F0(,)A F1<ad6e>3.736 E F0 3.736(,a)C(nd)-3.736 E
-F1<ad75>3.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.236(hich are unscaled v)-3.736 F 1.236
-(alues; and, when in posix mode,)-.25 F F1<ad63>3.736 E F0(and)3.736 E
-F1<ad66>3.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.237(hich are in)-3.736 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72
-768 Q(2022 March 11)144.29 E(82)193.45 E 0 Cg EP
+711.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2022 June 3)150.675 E(82)199.835 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 83 83
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F
-(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .239
-(512-byte increments.)144 84 R .238(The return status is 0 unless an in)
-5.239 F -.25(va)-.4 G .238(lid option or ar).25 F .238
-(gument is supplied, or an)-.18 F(error occurs while setting a ne)144 96
-Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(umask)108 112.8 Q F0
-([)2.5 E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .18
-(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 124.8 R F2(mode)3.06 E F0
+(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
+SF<ad78>144 84 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)180 84 Q F1<ad50>
+144 96 Q F0(The maximum number of pseudoterminals)180 96 Q F1<ad52>144
+108 Q F0(The maximum time a real-time process can run before blocking, \
+in microseconds)180 108 Q F1<ad54>144 120 Q F0
+(The maximum number of threads)180 120 Q(If)144 136.8 Q/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)3.058 E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+.468(n, and the).15 F F1<ad61>2.968 E F0 .468(option is not used,)2.968
+F F2(limit)2.968 E F0 .468(is the ne)2.968 F 2.968(wv)-.25 G .468
+(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .045
+(no option is gi)144 148.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>
+2.545 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045
+(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .044(xcept for)-.15 F F1
+<ad74>2.544 E F0 2.544(,w)C .044(hich is)-2.544 F .67(in seconds;)144
+160.8 R F1<ad52>3.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in microseconds;)-3.17 F
+F1<ad70>3.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks;)
+-3.17 F F1<ad50>3.17 E F0(,)A F1<ad54>3.17 E F0(,)A F1<ad62>3.17 E F0(,)
+A F1<ad6b>144 172.8 Q F0(,)A F1<ad6e>3.737 E F0 3.737(,a)C(nd)-3.737 E
+F1<ad75>3.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.236(hich are unscaled v)-3.736 F 1.236
+(alues; and, when in posix mode,)-.25 F F1<ad63>3.736 E F0(and)3.736 E
+F1<ad66>3.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.236(hich are in)-3.736 F .238
+(512-byte increments.)144 184.8 R .238
+(The return status is 0 unless an in)5.238 F -.25(va)-.4 G .238
+(lid option or ar).25 F .238(gument is supplied, or an)-.18 F
+(error occurs while setting a ne)144 196.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E
+F1(umask)108 213.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0
+2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .18
+(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 225.6 R F2(mode)3.06 E F0
5.18(.I).18 G(f)-5.18 E F2(mode)3.06 E F0(be)2.86 E .18
(gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\
therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\
-pted by)144 136.8 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
-148.8 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382
+pted by)144 237.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
+249.6 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382
(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382
(option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547
-(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 160.8 R .547
+(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 261.6 R .547
(ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G
(he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2
-(mode)144.38 172.8 Q F0 .551
-(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231
-F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 184.8 Q
+(mode)144.38 273.6 Q F0 .552
+(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232
+F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 285.6 Q
(as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E
(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1
-(unalias)108 201.6 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
-(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 213.6 Q 1.058 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
-3.258 E F0 .758(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)3.258 F(If)5.758 E
-F1<ad61>3.258 E F0 .757(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are re-)
-3.258 F(mo)144 225.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
+(unalias)108 302.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
+(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 314.4 Q 1.057 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
+3.257 E F0 .757(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)3.257 F(If)5.758 E
+F1<ad61>3.258 E F0 .758(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are re-)
+3.258 F(mo)144 326.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
(alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0
-(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 242.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
+(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 343.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])
-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 254.4 S 3.803(re).15 G(ach)-3.803 E F2(name)4.163 E F0
-3.803(,r).18 G(emo)-3.803 E 1.603 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.303
+2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 355.2 S 3.804(re).15 G(ach)-3.804 E F2(name)4.164 E F0
+3.804(,r).18 G(emo)-3.804 E 1.604 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.304
(he corresponding v).15 F 1.303(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.303
-(If the)6.303 F F1<ad76>3.804 E F0 1.304(option is gi)3.804 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G 1.304(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 266.4 Q F0 .465
-(refers to a shell v)3.145 F .464(ariable, and that v)-.25 F .464
-(ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.964(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va)
-2.964 G .464(riables may not be un-).25 F 2.768(set. If)144 278.4 R F1
-<ad66>2.768 E F0 .269(is speci\214ed, each)2.768 F F2(name)3.129 E F0
+(If the)6.303 F F1<ad76>3.803 E F0 1.303(option is gi)3.803 F -.15(ve)
+-.25 G 1.303(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 367.2 Q F0 .464
+(refers to a shell v)3.144 F .464(ariable, and that v)-.25 F .464
+(ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.965(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va)
+2.965 G .465(riables may not be un-).25 F 2.769(set. If)144 379.2 R F1
+<ad66>2.769 E F0 .269(is speci\214ed, each)2.769 F F2(name)3.129 E F0
.269(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)
-2.949 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .404(If the)144 290.4 R F1<ad6e>2.904 E
+2.949 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .403(If the)144 391.2 R F1<ad6e>2.903 E
F0 .404(option is supplied, and)2.904 F F2(name)2.904 E F0 .404(is a v)
2.904 F .404(ariable with the)-.25 F F2(namer)2.904 E(ef)-.37 E F0
-(attrib)2.904 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.904 E F0 .403(will be unset)2.904 F
-.719(rather than the v)144 302.4 R .719(ariable it references.)-.25 F F1
-<ad6e>5.7
19 E F0 .719(has no ef)3.219 F .719(fect if the)-.25 F F1<ad66>
-3.22 E F0 .72(option is supplied.)3.22 F .72(If no options)5.72 F .737
-(are supplied, each)144 314.4 R F2(name)3.237 E F0 .737(refers to a v)
-3.237 F .737(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .736
-(ariable by that name, a function with)-.25 F 1.761(that name, if an)144
-326.4 R 3.061 -.65(y, i)-.15 H 4.261(su).65 G 4.261(nset. Each)-4.261 F
+(attrib)2.904 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.904 E F0 .404(will be unset)2.904 F
+.72(rather than the v)144 403.2 R .72(ariable it references.)-.25 F F1
+<ad6e>5.7
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%%Trailer
end
%%EOF
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<!-- This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 5.2, 24 February 2022).
+the Bash shell (version 5.2, 3 June 2022).
-This is Edition 5.2, last updated 24 February 2022,
+This is Edition 5.2, last updated 3 June 2022,
of The GNU Bash Reference Manual,
for Bash, Version 5.2.
<span id="Bash-Features-1"></span><h1 class="top">Bash Features</h1>
<p>This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 5.2, 24 February 2022).
+the Bash shell (version 5.2, 3 June 2022).
The Bash home page is <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/">http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/</a>.
</p>
-<p>This is Edition 5.2, last updated 24 February 2022,
+<p>This is Edition 5.2, last updated 3 June 2022,
of <cite>The GNU Bash Reference Manual</cite>,
for <code>Bash</code>, Version 5.2.
</p>
<p>If the pipeline is not executed asynchronously (see <a href="#Lists">Lists of Commands</a>), the
shell waits for all commands in the pipeline to complete.
</p>
-<p>Each command in a pipeline is executed in its own <em>subshell</em>, which is a
+<p>Each command in a multi-command pipeline,
+where pipes are created,
+is executed in its own <em>subshell</em>, which is a
separate process (see <a href="#Command-Execution-Environment">Command Execution Environment</a>).
If the <code>lastpipe</code> option is enabled using the <code>shopt</code> builtin
(see <a href="#The-Shopt-Builtin">The Shopt Builtin</a>),
The element of <code>BASH_REMATCH</code> with index <var>n</var> is the portion of the
string matching the <var>n</var>th parenthesized subexpression.
</p>
+<p>Bash sets
+<code>BASH_REMATCH</code>
+in the global scope; declaring it as a local variable will lead to
+unexpected results.
+</p>
<p>Expressions may be combined using the following operators, listed
in decreasing order of precedence:
</p>
may be matched by including it as the first or last character
in the set. A ‘<samp>]</samp>’ may be matched by including it as the first
character in the set.
-The sorting order of characters in range expressions is determined by
+The sorting order of characters in range expressions,
+and the characters included in the range,
+are determined by
the current locale and the values of the
<code>LC_COLLATE</code> and <code>LC_ALL</code> shell variables, if set.
</p>
<span id="Invoked-by-remote-shell-daemon"></span><h4 class="subsubheading">Invoked by remote shell daemon</h4>
<p>Bash attempts to determine when it is being run with its standard input
-connected to a network connection, as when executed by the remote shell
-daemon, usually <code>rshd</code>, or the secure shell daemon <code>sshd</code>.
-If Bash determines it is being run in
-this fashion, it reads and executes commands from <samp>~/.bashrc</samp>, if that
+connected to a network connection, as when executed by
+the historical remote shell daemon, usually <code>rshd</code>,
+or the secure shell daemon <code>sshd</code>.
+If Bash
+determines it is being run non-interactively in this fashion,
+it reads and executes commands from <samp>~/.bashrc</samp>, if that
file exists and is readable.
It will not do this if invoked as <code>sh</code>.
The <samp>--norc</samp> option may be used to inhibit this behavior, and the
If Bash receives a trapped signal while executing <code>read</code>, the trap
handler executes and <code>read</code> returns an exit status greater than 128.
+</li><li> The <code>printf</code> builting uses <code>double</code> (via <code>strtod</code>) to convert
+arguments corresponding to floating point conversion specifiers, instead of
+<code>long double</code> if it’s available. The ‘<samp>L</samp>’ length modifier forces
+<code>printf</code> to use <code>long double</code> if it’s available.
+
</li><li> Bash removes an exited background process’s status from the list of such
statuses after the <code>wait</code> builtin is used to obtain it.
<p>Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a
<code>SIGCONT</code> signal.
-A login shell cannot be suspended; the <samp>-f</samp>
+A login shell,
+or a shell without job control enabled,
+cannot be suspended; the <samp>-f</samp>
option can be used to override this and force the suspension.
-</p></dd>
+The return status is 0 unless the shell is a login shell
+or job control is not enabled
+and
+<samp>-f</samp>
+is not supplied.
+</p>
+</dd>
</dl>
<p>When job control is not active, the <code>kill</code> and <code>wait</code>
bashref.texi.
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
-Bash shell (version 5.2, 24 February 2022).
+Bash shell (version 5.2, 3 June 2022).
- This is Edition 5.2, last updated 24 February 2022, of 'The GNU Bash
+ This is Edition 5.2, last updated 3 June 2022, of 'The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 5.2.
Copyright (C) 1988-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
*************
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the
-Bash shell (version 5.2, 24 February 2022). The Bash home page is
+Bash shell (version 5.2, 3 June 2022). The Bash home page is
<http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/>.
- This is Edition 5.2, last updated 24 February 2022, of 'The GNU Bash
+ This is Edition 5.2, last updated 3 June 2022, of 'The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 5.2.
Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
If the pipeline is not executed asynchronously (*note Lists::), the
shell waits for all commands in the pipeline to complete.
- Each command in a pipeline is executed in its own "subshell", which
-is a separate process (*note Command Execution Environment::). If the
-'lastpipe' option is enabled using the 'shopt' builtin (*note The Shopt
-Builtin::), the last element of a pipeline may be run by the shell
-process when job control is not active.
+ Each command in a multi-command pipeline, where pipes are created, is
+executed in its own "subshell", which is a separate process (*note
+Command Execution Environment::). If the 'lastpipe' option is enabled
+using the 'shopt' builtin (*note The Shopt Builtin::), the last element
+of a pipeline may be run by the shell process when job control is not
+active.
The exit status of a pipeline is the exit status of the last command
in the pipeline, unless the 'pipefail' option is enabled (*note The Set
is the portion of the string matching the Nth parenthesized
subexpression.
+ Bash sets 'BASH_REMATCH' in the global scope; declaring it as a
+ local variable will lead to unexpected results.
+
Expressions may be combined using the following operators, listed
in decreasing order of precedence:
character not enclosed is matched. A '-' may be matched by
including it as the first or last character in the set. A ']' may
be matched by including it as the first character in the set. The
- sorting order of characters in range expressions is determined by
- the current locale and the values of the 'LC_COLLATE' and 'LC_ALL'
- shell variables, if set.
+ sorting order of characters in range expressions, and the
+ characters included in the range, are determined by the current
+ locale and the values of the 'LC_COLLATE' and 'LC_ALL' shell
+ variables, if set.
For example, in the default C locale, '[a-dx-z]' is equivalent to
'[abcdxyz]'. Many locales sort characters in dictionary order, and
..............................
Bash attempts to determine when it is being run with its standard input
-connected to a network connection, as when executed by the remote shell
-daemon, usually 'rshd', or the secure shell daemon 'sshd'. If Bash
-determines it is being run in this fashion, it reads and executes
-commands from '~/.bashrc', if that file exists and is readable. It will
-not do this if invoked as 'sh'. The '--norc' option may be used to
-inhibit this behavior, and the '--rcfile' option may be used to force
-another file to be read, but neither 'rshd' nor 'sshd' generally invoke
-the shell with those options or allow them to be specified.
+connected to a network connection, as when executed by the historical
+remote shell daemon, usually 'rshd', or the secure shell daemon 'sshd'.
+If Bash determines it is being run non-interactively in this fashion, it
+reads and executes commands from '~/.bashrc', if that file exists and is
+readable. It will not do this if invoked as 'sh'. The '--norc' option
+may be used to inhibit this behavior, and the '--rcfile' option may be
+used to force another file to be read, but neither 'rshd' nor 'sshd'
+generally invoke the shell with those options or allow them to be
+specified.
Invoked with unequal effective and real UID/GIDs
................................................
'read', the trap handler executes and 'read' returns an exit status
greater than 128.
- 60. Bash removes an exited background process's status from the list
+ 60. The 'printf' builting uses 'double' (via 'strtod') to convert
+ arguments corresponding to floating point conversion specifiers,
+ instead of 'long double' if it's available. The 'L' length
+ modifier forces 'printf' to use 'long double' if it's available.
+
+ 61. Bash removes an exited background process's status from the list
of such statuses after the 'wait' builtin is used to obtain it.
There is other POSIX behavior that Bash does not implement by default
suspend [-f]
Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a 'SIGCONT'
- signal. A login shell cannot be suspended; the '-f' option can be
- used to override this and force the suspension.
+ signal. A login shell, or a shell without job control enabled,
+ cannot be suspended; the '-f' option can be used to override this
+ and force the suspension. The return status is 0 unless the shell
+ is a login shell or job control is not enabled and '-f' is not
+ supplied.
When job control is not active, the 'kill' and 'wait' builtins do not
accept JOBSPEC arguments. They must be supplied process IDs.
\1f
Tag Table:
-Node: Top\7f897
-Node: Introduction\7f2817
-Node: What is Bash?\7f3033
-Node: What is a shell?\7f4147
-Node: Definitions\7f6685
-Node: Basic Shell Features\7f9636
-Node: Shell Syntax\7f10855
-Node: Shell Operation\7f11881
-Node: Quoting\7f13174
-Node: Escape Character\7f14478
-Node: Single Quotes\7f14963
-Node: Double Quotes\7f15311
-Node: ANSI-C Quoting\7f16589
-Node: Locale Translation\7f17899
-Node: Creating Internationalized Scripts\7f19210
-Node: Comments\7f23327
-Node: Shell Commands\7f23945
-Node: Reserved Words\7f24883
-Node: Simple Commands\7f25639
-Node: Pipelines\7f26293
-Node: Lists\7f29252
-Node: Compound Commands\7f31047
-Node: Looping Constructs\7f32059
-Node: Conditional Constructs\7f34554
-Node: Command Grouping\7f48898
-Node: Coprocesses\7f50376
-Node: GNU Parallel\7f53039
-Node: Shell Functions\7f53956
-Node: Shell Parameters\7f61841
-Node: Positional Parameters\7f66229
-Node: Special Parameters\7f67131
-Node: Shell Expansions\7f70345
-Node: Brace Expansion\7f72472
-Node: Tilde Expansion\7f75206
-Node: Shell Parameter Expansion\7f77827
-Node: Command Substitution\7f96178
-Node: Arithmetic Expansion\7f97533
-Node: Process Substitution\7f98501
-Node: Word Splitting\7f99621
-Node: Filename Expansion\7f101565
-Node: Pattern Matching\7f104314
-Node: Quote Removal\7f108922
-Node: Redirections\7f109217
-Node: Executing Commands\7f118877
-Node: Simple Command Expansion\7f119547
-Node: Command Search and Execution\7f121657
-Node: Command Execution Environment\7f124035
-Node: Environment\7f127070
-Node: Exit Status\7f128733
-Node: Signals\7f130517
-Node: Shell Scripts\7f133966
-Node: Shell Builtin Commands\7f136993
-Node: Bourne Shell Builtins\7f139031
-Node: Bash Builtins\7f160492
-Node: Modifying Shell Behavior\7f191348
-Node: The Set Builtin\7f191693
-Node: The Shopt Builtin\7f202294
-Node: Special Builtins\7f218206
-Node: Shell Variables\7f219185
-Node: Bourne Shell Variables\7f219622
-Node: Bash Variables\7f221726
-Node: Bash Features\7f254542
-Node: Invoking Bash\7f255555
-Node: Bash Startup Files\7f261568
-Node: Interactive Shells\7f266671
-Node: What is an Interactive Shell?\7f267081
-Node: Is this Shell Interactive?\7f267730
-Node: Interactive Shell Behavior\7f268545
-Node: Bash Conditional Expressions\7f272174
-Node: Shell Arithmetic\7f276816
-Node: Aliases\7f279760
-Node: Arrays\7f282373
-Node: The Directory Stack\7f288764
-Node: Directory Stack Builtins\7f289548
-Node: Controlling the Prompt\7f293808
-Node: The Restricted Shell\7f296773
-Node: Bash POSIX Mode\7f299383
-Node: Shell Compatibility Mode\7f311033
-Node: Job Control\7f319062
-Node: Job Control Basics\7f319522
-Node: Job Control Builtins\7f324524
-Node: Job Control Variables\7f329924
-Node: Command Line Editing\7f331080
-Node: Introduction and Notation\7f332751
-Node: Readline Interaction\7f334374
-Node: Readline Bare Essentials\7f335565
-Node: Readline Movement Commands\7f337348
-Node: Readline Killing Commands\7f338308
-Node: Readline Arguments\7f340226
-Node: Searching\7f341270
-Node: Readline Init File\7f343456
-Node: Readline Init File Syntax\7f344717
-Node: Conditional Init Constructs\7f367916
-Node: Sample Init File\7f372112
-Node: Bindable Readline Commands\7f375236
-Node: Commands For Moving\7f376440
-Node: Commands For History\7f378491
-Node: Commands For Text\7f383485
-Node: Commands For Killing\7f387134
-Node: Numeric Arguments\7f390167
-Node: Commands For Completion\7f391306
-Node: Keyboard Macros\7f395497
-Node: Miscellaneous Commands\7f396184
-Node: Readline vi Mode\7f402123
-Node: Programmable Completion\7f403030
-Node: Programmable Completion Builtins\7f410810
-Node: A Programmable Completion Example\7f421505
-Node: Using History Interactively\7f426752
-Node: Bash History Facilities\7f427436
-Node: Bash History Builtins\7f430441
-Node: History Interaction\7f435449
-Node: Event Designators\7f439069
-Node: Word Designators\7f440423
-Node: Modifiers\7f442183
-Node: Installing Bash\7f443994
-Node: Basic Installation\7f445131
-Node: Compilers and Options\7f448853
-Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures\7f449594
-Node: Installation Names\7f451287
-Node: Specifying the System Type\7f453396
-Node: Sharing Defaults\7f454112
-Node: Operation Controls\7f454785
-Node: Optional Features\7f455743
-Node: Reporting Bugs\7f466961
-Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell\7f468236
-Node: GNU Free Documentation License\7f485086
-Node: Indexes\7f510263
-Node: Builtin Index\7f510717
-Node: Reserved Word Index\7f517544
-Node: Variable Index\7f519992
-Node: Function Index\7f536766
-Node: Concept Index\7f550550
+Node: Top\7f887
+Node: Introduction\7f2797
+Node: What is Bash?\7f3013
+Node: What is a shell?\7f4127
+Node: Definitions\7f6665
+Node: Basic Shell Features\7f9616
+Node: Shell Syntax\7f10835
+Node: Shell Operation\7f11861
+Node: Quoting\7f13154
+Node: Escape Character\7f14458
+Node: Single Quotes\7f14943
+Node: Double Quotes\7f15291
+Node: ANSI-C Quoting\7f16569
+Node: Locale Translation\7f17879
+Node: Creating Internationalized Scripts\7f19190
+Node: Comments\7f23307
+Node: Shell Commands\7f23925
+Node: Reserved Words\7f24863
+Node: Simple Commands\7f25619
+Node: Pipelines\7f26273
+Node: Lists\7f29272
+Node: Compound Commands\7f31067
+Node: Looping Constructs\7f32079
+Node: Conditional Constructs\7f34574
+Node: Command Grouping\7f49041
+Node: Coprocesses\7f50519
+Node: GNU Parallel\7f53182
+Node: Shell Functions\7f54099
+Node: Shell Parameters\7f61984
+Node: Positional Parameters\7f66372
+Node: Special Parameters\7f67274
+Node: Shell Expansions\7f70488
+Node: Brace Expansion\7f72615
+Node: Tilde Expansion\7f75349
+Node: Shell Parameter Expansion\7f77970
+Node: Command Substitution\7f96321
+Node: Arithmetic Expansion\7f97676
+Node: Process Substitution\7f98644
+Node: Word Splitting\7f99764
+Node: Filename Expansion\7f101708
+Node: Pattern Matching\7f104457
+Node: Quote Removal\7f109114
+Node: Redirections\7f109409
+Node: Executing Commands\7f119069
+Node: Simple Command Expansion\7f119739
+Node: Command Search and Execution\7f121849
+Node: Command Execution Environment\7f124227
+Node: Environment\7f127262
+Node: Exit Status\7f128925
+Node: Signals\7f130709
+Node: Shell Scripts\7f134158
+Node: Shell Builtin Commands\7f137185
+Node: Bourne Shell Builtins\7f139223
+Node: Bash Builtins\7f160684
+Node: Modifying Shell Behavior\7f191540
+Node: The Set Builtin\7f191885
+Node: The Shopt Builtin\7f202486
+Node: Special Builtins\7f218398
+Node: Shell Variables\7f219377
+Node: Bourne Shell Variables\7f219814
+Node: Bash Variables\7f221918
+Node: Bash Features\7f254734
+Node: Invoking Bash\7f255747
+Node: Bash Startup Files\7f261760
+Node: Interactive Shells\7f266891
+Node: What is an Interactive Shell?\7f267301
+Node: Is this Shell Interactive?\7f267950
+Node: Interactive Shell Behavior\7f268765
+Node: Bash Conditional Expressions\7f272394
+Node: Shell Arithmetic\7f277036
+Node: Aliases\7f279980
+Node: Arrays\7f282593
+Node: The Directory Stack\7f288984
+Node: Directory Stack Builtins\7f289768
+Node: Controlling the Prompt\7f294028
+Node: The Restricted Shell\7f296993
+Node: Bash POSIX Mode\7f299603
+Node: Shell Compatibility Mode\7f311527
+Node: Job Control\7f319556
+Node: Job Control Basics\7f320016
+Node: Job Control Builtins\7f325018
+Node: Job Control Variables\7f330588
+Node: Command Line Editing\7f331744
+Node: Introduction and Notation\7f333415
+Node: Readline Interaction\7f335038
+Node: Readline Bare Essentials\7f336229
+Node: Readline Movement Commands\7f338012
+Node: Readline Killing Commands\7f338972
+Node: Readline Arguments\7f340890
+Node: Searching\7f341934
+Node: Readline Init File\7f344120
+Node: Readline Init File Syntax\7f345381
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+Node: Sample Init File\7f372776
+Node: Bindable Readline Commands\7f375900
+Node: Commands For Moving\7f377104
+Node: Commands For History\7f379155
+Node: Commands For Text\7f384149
+Node: Commands For Killing\7f387798
+Node: Numeric Arguments\7f390831
+Node: Commands For Completion\7f391970
+Node: Keyboard Macros\7f396161
+Node: Miscellaneous Commands\7f396848
+Node: Readline vi Mode\7f402787
+Node: Programmable Completion\7f403694
+Node: Programmable Completion Builtins\7f411474
+Node: A Programmable Completion Example\7f422169
+Node: Using History Interactively\7f427416
+Node: Bash History Facilities\7f428100
+Node: Bash History Builtins\7f431105
+Node: History Interaction\7f436113
+Node: Event Designators\7f439733
+Node: Word Designators\7f441087
+Node: Modifiers\7f442847
+Node: Installing Bash\7f444658
+Node: Basic Installation\7f445795
+Node: Compilers and Options\7f449517
+Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures\7f450258
+Node: Installation Names\7f451951
+Node: Specifying the System Type\7f454060
+Node: Sharing Defaults\7f454776
+Node: Operation Controls\7f455449
+Node: Optional Features\7f456407
+Node: Reporting Bugs\7f467625
+Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell\7f468900
+Node: GNU Free Documentation License\7f485750
+Node: Indexes\7f510927
+Node: Builtin Index\7f511381
+Node: Reserved Word Index\7f518208
+Node: Variable Index\7f520656
+Node: Function Index\7f537430
+Node: Concept Index\7f551214
\1f
End Tag Table
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(the)f(lo)s(op)f(state)h(\(while/un)m(til/etc.\))68 b(is)38
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b(Bash-5.0)36 b(and)d(later)j(reset)f(the)f(lo)s(op)h(state)g(to)810
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-(argumen)m(t)g(lik)m(e)h(`)p Ft(a[@])p Fu('.)810 1689
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(parameter)j(brace)f(expansion)g(can)g(b)s(e)g(expanded)810
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-b(expansion)f(can)h(b)s(e)f(expanded)g(more)810 2775
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-(e)g(expanded)810 3019 y(more)c(than)f(once)705 3153
+(e)g(expanded)810 3397 y(more)c(than)f(once)705 3532
y Fq(\017)60 b Ft(test)29 b(-v)p Fu(,)35 b(when)f(giv)m(en)h(an)g
(argumen)m(t)g(of)f(`)p Ft(A[@])p Fu(',)h(where)f Fr(A)h
-Fu(is)f(an)h(existing)g(asso-)810 3263 y(ciativ)m(e)h(arra)m(y)-8
+Fu(is)f(an)h(existing)g(asso-)810 3641 y(ciativ)m(e)h(arra)m(y)-8
b(,)37 b(will)d(return)f(true)g(if)h(the)h(arra)m(y)f(has)g(an)m(y)g
-(set)g(elemen)m(ts.)53 b(Bash-5.2)810 3372 y(will)31
+(set)g(elemen)m(ts.)53 b(Bash-5.2)810 3751 y(will)31
b(lo)s(ok)g(for)f(and)g(rep)s(ort)f(on)i(a)f(k)m(ey)i(named)d(`)p
-Ft(@)p Fu(')705 3507 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)40 b($)p Fi({)p
+Ft(@)p Fu(')705 3885 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)40 b($)p Fi({)p
Fr(parameter)7 b Fu([:]=)p Fr(v)-5 b(alue)5 b Fi(})42
b Fu(w)m(ord)e(expansion)f(will)i(return)d Fr(v)-5 b(alue)p
-Fu(,)43 b(b)s(efore)d(an)m(y)810 3616 y(v)-5 b(ariable-sp)s(eci\014c)34
+Fu(,)43 b(b)s(efore)d(an)m(y)810 3995 y(v)-5 b(ariable-sp)s(eci\014c)34
b(transformations)f(ha)m(v)m(e)h(b)s(een)e(p)s(erformed)f(\(e.g.,)36
-b(con)m(v)m(erting)e(to)810 3726 y(lo)m(w)m(ercase\).)43
+b(con)m(v)m(erting)e(to)810 4105 y(lo)m(w)m(ercase\).)43
b(Bash-5.2)32 b(will)f(return)e(the)i(\014nal)f(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(assigned)f(to)i(the)e(v)-5 b(ariable.)p eop
end
150 1275 y Ft(suspend)870 1410 y(suspend)46 b([-f])630
1544 y Fu(Susp)s(end)31 b(the)i(execution)h(of)g(this)f(shell)g(un)m
(til)h(it)g(receiv)m(es)h(a)e Ft(SIGCONT)f Fu(signal.)50
-b(A)33 b(login)630 1654 y(shell)28 b(cannot)g(b)s(e)f(susp)s(ended;)g
-(the)g Ft(-f)g Fu(option)i(can)f(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)h(o)m(v)m(erride)h
-(this)e(and)g(force)630 1763 y(the)k(susp)s(ension.)275
-1923 y(When)f(job)f(con)m(trol)j(is)e(not)h(activ)m(e,)i(the)d
+b(A)33 b(login)630 1654 y(shell,)25 b(or)f(a)g(shell)f(without)h(job)f
+(con)m(trol)i(enabled,)g(cannot)f(b)s(e)f(susp)s(ended;)h(the)g
+Ft(-f)e Fu(option)630 1763 y(can)35 b(b)s(e)g(used)f(to)i(o)m(v)m
+(erride)g(this)f(and)f(force)i(the)f(susp)s(ension.)53
+b(The)34 b(return)g(status)h(is)h(0)630 1873 y(unless)43
+b(the)g(shell)h(is)f(a)h(login)g(shell)g(or)f(job)g(con)m(trol)i(is)e
+(not)h(enabled)f(and)g Ft(-f)f Fu(is)i(not)630 1983 y(supplied.)275
+2142 y(When)30 b(job)f(con)m(trol)j(is)e(not)h(activ)m(e,)i(the)d
Ft(kill)f Fu(and)h Ft(wait)f Fu(builtins)g(do)h(not)h(accept)h
-Fr(jobsp)s(ec)j Fu(argu-)150 2032 y(men)m(ts.)41 b(They)30
+Fr(jobsp)s(ec)j Fu(argu-)150 2252 y(men)m(ts.)41 b(They)30
b(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)g(supplied)f(pro)s(cess)h Fm(id)p Fu(s.)150
-2273 y Fs(7.3)68 b(Job)45 b(Con)l(trol)h(V)-11 b(ariables)150
-2457 y Ft(auto_resume)630 2567 y Fu(This)31 b(v)-5 b(ariable)32
+2492 y Fs(7.3)68 b(Job)45 b(Con)l(trol)h(V)-11 b(ariables)150
+2677 y Ft(auto_resume)630 2786 y Fu(This)31 b(v)-5 b(ariable)32
b(con)m(trols)g(ho)m(w)g(the)f(shell)h(in)m(teracts)h(with)e(the)h
-(user)e(and)h(job)g(con)m(trol.)45 b(If)630 2677 y(this)28
+(user)e(and)h(job)g(con)m(trol.)45 b(If)630 2896 y(this)28
b(v)-5 b(ariable)30 b(exists)f(then)f(single)h(w)m(ord)f(simple)h
-(commands)f(without)g(redirections)i(are)630 2786 y(treated)h(as)g
+(commands)f(without)g(redirections)i(are)630 3005 y(treated)h(as)g
(candidates)f(for)g(resumption)g(of)g(an)g(existing)h(job.)41
-b(There)29 b(is)h(no)h(am)m(biguit)m(y)630 2896 y(allo)m(w)m(ed;)f(if)d
+b(There)29 b(is)h(no)h(am)m(biguit)m(y)630 3115 y(allo)m(w)m(ed;)f(if)d
(there)g(is)g(more)g(than)f(one)h(job)g(b)s(eginning)f(with)g(the)h
-(string)g(t)m(yp)s(ed,)g(then)g(the)630 3005 y(most)j(recen)m(tly)h
+(string)g(t)m(yp)s(ed,)g(then)g(the)630 3225 y(most)j(recen)m(tly)h
(accessed)f(job)f(will)h(b)s(e)f(selected.)42 b(The)29
-b(name)g(of)h(a)g(stopp)s(ed)e(job,)i(in)f(this)630 3115
+b(name)g(of)h(a)g(stopp)s(ed)e(job,)i(in)f(this)630 3334
y(con)m(text,)h(is)e(the)g(command)g(line)g(used)f(to)h(start)g(it.)41
b(If)27 b(this)h(v)-5 b(ariable)28 b(is)g(set)g(to)h(the)e(v)-5
-b(alue)630 3225 y(`)p Ft(exact)p Fu(',)33 b(the)g(string)g(supplied)f
+b(alue)630 3444 y(`)p Ft(exact)p Fu(',)33 b(the)g(string)g(supplied)f
(m)m(ust)h(matc)m(h)g(the)h(name)f(of)g(a)g(stopp)s(ed)f(job)h
-(exactly;)j(if)630 3334 y(set)29 b(to)h(`)p Ft(substring)p
+(exactly;)j(if)630 3553 y(set)29 b(to)h(`)p Ft(substring)p
Fu(',)d(the)i(string)g(supplied)e(needs)i(to)g(matc)m(h)h(a)f
-(substring)f(of)h(the)g(name)630 3444 y(of)38 b(a)f(stopp)s(ed)g(job.)
+(substring)f(of)h(the)g(name)630 3663 y(of)38 b(a)f(stopp)s(ed)g(job.)
62 b(The)37 b(`)p Ft(substring)p Fu(')e(v)-5 b(alue)38
b(pro)m(vides)f(functionalit)m(y)i(analogous)g(to)630
-3553 y(the)c(`)p Ft(\045?)p Fu(')g(job)g Fm(id)g Fu(\(see)h(Section)g
+3773 y(the)c(`)p Ft(\045?)p Fu(')g(job)g Fm(id)g Fu(\(see)h(Section)g
(7.1)g([Job)e(Con)m(trol)i(Basics],)i(page)e(113\).)56
-b(If)34 b(set)i(to)g(an)m(y)630 3663 y(other)c(v)-5 b(alue,)32
+b(If)34 b(set)i(to)g(an)m(y)630 3882 y(other)c(v)-5 b(alue,)32
b(the)g(supplied)e(string)i(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(a)h(pre\014x)f(of)h(a)g
-(stopp)s(ed)e(job's)i(name;)g(this)630 3773 y(pro)m(vides)e
+(stopp)s(ed)e(job's)i(name;)g(this)630 3992 y(pro)m(vides)e
(functionalit)m(y)i(analogous)g(to)f(the)g(`)p Ft(\045)p
Fu(')f(job)g Fm(id)p Fu(.)p eop end
%%Page: 117 123
If the pipeline is not executed asynchronously (@pxref{Lists}), the
shell waits for all commands in the pipeline to complete.
-Each command in a pipeline is executed in its own @dfn{subshell}, which is a
+Each command in a multi-command pipeline,
+where pipes are created,
+is executed in its own @dfn{subshell}, which is a
separate process (@pxref{Command Execution Environment}).
If the @code{lastpipe} option is enabled using the @code{shopt} builtin
(@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}),
The element of @code{BASH_REMATCH} with index @var{n} is the portion of the
string matching the @var{n}th parenthesized subexpression.
+Bash sets
+@code{BASH_REMATCH}
+in the global scope; declaring it as a local variable will lead to
+unexpected results.
+
Expressions may be combined using the following operators, listed
in decreasing order of precedence:
may be matched by including it as the first or last character
in the set. A @samp{]} may be matched by including it as the first
character in the set.
-The sorting order of characters in range expressions is determined by
+The sorting order of characters in range expressions,
+and the characters included in the range,
+are determined by
the current locale and the values of the
@env{LC_COLLATE} and @env{LC_ALL} shell variables, if set.
@subsubheading Invoked by remote shell daemon
Bash attempts to determine when it is being run with its standard input
-connected to a network connection, as when executed by the remote shell
-daemon, usually @code{rshd}, or the secure shell daemon @code{sshd}.
-If Bash determines it is being run in
-this fashion, it reads and executes commands from @file{~/.bashrc}, if that
+connected to a network connection, as when executed by
+the historical remote shell daemon, usually @code{rshd},
+or the secure shell daemon @code{sshd}.
+If Bash
+determines it is being run non-interactively in this fashion,
+it reads and executes commands from @file{~/.bashrc}, if that
file exists and is readable.
It will not do this if invoked as @code{sh}.
The @option{--norc} option may be used to inhibit this behavior, and the
If Bash receives a trapped signal while executing @code{read}, the trap
handler executes and @code{read} returns an exit status greater than 128.
+@item
+The @code{printf} builting uses @code{double} (via @code{strtod}) to convert
+arguments corresponding to floating point conversion specifiers, instead of
+@code{long double} if it's available. The @samp{L} length modifier forces
+@code{printf} to use @code{long double} if it's available.
+
@item
Bash removes an exited background process's status from the list of such
statuses after the @code{wait} builtin is used to obtain it.
Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a
@code{SIGCONT} signal.
-A login shell cannot be suspended; the @option{-f}
+A login shell,
+or a shell without job control enabled,
+cannot be suspended; the @option{-f}
option can be used to override this and force the suspension.
+The return status is 0 unless the shell is a login shell
+or job control is not enabled
+and
+@option{-f}
+is not supplied.
+
@end table
When job control is not active, the @code{kill} and @code{wait}
s\bsu\bus\bsp\bpe\ben\bnd\bd [-\b-f\bf]
Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a S\bSI\bIG\bGC\bCO\bON\bNT\bT
- signal. A login shell cannot be suspended; the -\b-f\bf option can be
- used to override this and force the suspension. The return sta-
- tus is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and -\b-f\bf is not sup-
- plied, or if job control is not enabled.
+ signal. A login shell, or a shell without job control enabled,
+ cannot be suspended; the -\b-f\bf option can be used to override this
+ and force the suspension. The return status is 0 unless the
+ shell is a login shell or job control is not enabled and -\b-f\bf is
+ not supplied.
t\bte\bes\bst\bt _\be_\bx_\bp_\br
[\b[ _\be_\bx_\bp_\br ]\b]
Return a status of 0 (true) or 1 (false) depending on the evalu-
ation of the conditional expression _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. Each operator and op-
- erand must be a separate argument. Expressions are composed of
- the primaries described in the b\bba\bas\bsh\bh manual page under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bI-\b-
- T\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS. t\bte\bes\bst\bt does not accept any options, nor does
- it accept and ignore an argument of -\b--\b- as signifying the end of
+ erand must be a separate argument. Expressions are composed of
+ the primaries described in the b\bba\bas\bsh\bh manual page under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bI-\b-
+ T\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS. t\bte\bes\bst\bt does not accept any options, nor does
+ it accept and ignore an argument of -\b--\b- as signifying the end of
options.
- Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
- listed in decreasing order of precedence. The evaluation de-
- pends on the number of arguments; see below. Operator prece-
+ Expressions may be combined using the following operators,
+ listed in decreasing order of precedence. The evaluation de-
+ pends on the number of arguments; see below. Operator prece-
dence is used when there are five or more arguments.
!\b! _\be_\bx_\bp_\br True if _\be_\bx_\bp_\br is false.
(\b( _\be_\bx_\bp_\br )\b)
- Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. This may be used to override
+ Returns the value of _\be_\bx_\bp_\br. This may be used to override
the normal precedence of operators.
_\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 -a\ba _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2
True if both _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b1 and _\be_\bx_\bp_\br_\b2 are true.
null.
2 arguments
If the first argument is !\b!, the expression is true if and
- only if the second argument is null. If the first argu-
- ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed
- above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the expression is
+ only if the second argument is null. If the first argu-
+ ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed
+ above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the expression is
true if the unary test is true. If the first argument is
not a valid unary conditional operator, the expression is
false.
3 arguments
The following conditions are applied in the order listed.
- If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
+ If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
operators listed above under C\bCO\bON\bND\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL E\bEX\bXP\bPR\bRE\bES\bSS\bSI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS, the
result of the expression is the result of the binary test
- using the first and third arguments as operands. The -\b-a\ba
- and -\b-o\bo operators are considered binary operators when
- there are three arguments. If the first argument is !\b!,
- the value is the negation of the two-argument test using
+ using the first and third arguments as operands. The -\b-a\ba
+ and -\b-o\bo operators are considered binary operators when
+ there are three arguments. If the first argument is !\b!,
+ the value is the negation of the two-argument test using
the second and third arguments. If the first argument is
exactly (\b( and the third argument is exactly )\b), the result
- is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other-
+ is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other-
wise, the expression is false.
4 arguments
The following conditions are applied in the order listed.
If the first argument is !\b!, the result is the negation of
- the three-argument expression composed of the remaining
- arguments. the two-argument test using the second and
- third arguments. If the first argument is exactly (\b( and
- the fourth argument is exactly )\b), the result is the two-
- argument test of the second and third arguments. Other-
+ the three-argument expression composed of the remaining
+ arguments. the two-argument test using the second and
+ third arguments. If the first argument is exactly (\b( and
+ the fourth argument is exactly )\b), the result is the two-
+ argument test of the second and third arguments. Other-
wise, the expression is parsed and evaluated according to
precedence using the rules listed above.
5 or more arguments
- The expression is parsed and evaluated according to
+ The expression is parsed and evaluated according to
precedence using the rules listed above.
- When used with t\bte\bes\bst\bt or [\b[, the <\b< and >\b> operators sort lexico-
+ When used with t\bte\bes\bst\bt or [\b[, the <\b< and >\b> operators sort lexico-
graphically using ASCII ordering.
- t\bti\bim\bme\bes\bs Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
+ t\bti\bim\bme\bes\bs Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and
for processes run from the shell. The return status is 0.
t\btr\bra\bap\bp [-\b-l\blp\bp] [[_\ba_\br_\bg] _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc ...]
- The command _\ba_\br_\bg is to be read and executed when the shell re-
+ The command _\ba_\br_\bg is to be read and executed when the shell re-
ceives signal(s) _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc. If _\ba_\br_\bg is absent (and there is a sin-
- gle _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) or -\b-, each specified signal is reset to its origi-
- nal disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the shell).
- If _\ba_\br_\bg is the null string the signal specified by each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc
- is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes. If _\ba_\br_\bg
- is not present and -\b-p\bp has been supplied, then the trap commands
+ gle _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc) or -\b-, each specified signal is reset to its origi-
+ nal disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the shell).
+ If _\ba_\br_\bg is the null string the signal specified by each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc
+ is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes. If _\ba_\br_\bg
+ is not present and -\b-p\bp has been supplied, then the trap commands
associated with each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc are displayed. If no arguments are
- supplied or if only -\b-p\bp is given, t\btr\bra\bap\bp prints the list of com-
- mands associated with each signal. The -\b-l\bl option causes the
- shell to print a list of signal names and their corresponding
- numbers. Each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a signal name defined in <_\bs_\bi_\bg_\b-
- _\bn_\ba_\bl_\b._\bh>, or a signal number. Signal names are case insensitive
+ supplied or if only -\b-p\bp is given, t\btr\bra\bap\bp prints the list of com-
+ mands associated with each signal. The -\b-l\bl option causes the
+ shell to print a list of signal names and their corresponding
+ numbers. Each _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is either a signal name defined in <_\bs_\bi_\bg_\b-
+ _\bn_\ba_\bl_\b._\bh>, or a signal number. Signal names are case insensitive
and the S\bSI\bIG\bG prefix is optional.
- If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT (0) the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed on exit
- from the shell. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is exe-
- cuted before every _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, _\bf_\bo_\br command, _\bc_\ba_\bs_\be command,
- _\bs_\be_\bl_\be_\bc_\bt command, every arithmetic _\bf_\bo_\br command, and before the
- first command executes in a shell function (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
- above). Refer to the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the
+ If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bEX\bXI\bIT\bT (0) the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed on exit
+ from the shell. If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is exe-
+ cuted before every _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd, _\bf_\bo_\br command, _\bc_\ba_\bs_\be command,
+ _\bs_\be_\bl_\be_\bc_\bt command, every arithmetic _\bf_\bo_\br command, and before the
+ first command executes in a shell function (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR
+ above). Refer to the description of the e\bex\bxt\btd\bde\beb\bbu\bug\bg option to the
s\bsh\bho\bop\bpt\bt builtin for details of its effect on the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap. If a
_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed each time a shell
function or a script executed with the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins fin-
ishes executing.
- If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bER\bRR\bR, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed whenever a
+ If a _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is E\bER\bRR\bR, the command _\ba_\br_\bg is executed whenever a
pipeline (which may consist of a single simple command), a list,
or a compound command returns a non-zero exit status, subject to
- the following conditions. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is not executed if the
+ the following conditions. The E\bER\bRR\bR trap is not executed if the
failed command is part of the command list immediately following
- a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword, part of the test in an _\bi_\bf statement,
+ a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword, part of the test in an _\bi_\bf statement,
part of a command executed in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list except the command
- following the final &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b|, any command in a pipeline but the
- last, or if the command's return value is being inverted using
+ following the final &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b|, any command in a pipeline but the
+ last, or if the command's return value is being inverted using
!\b!. These are the same conditions obeyed by the e\ber\brr\bre\bex\bxi\bit\bt (-\b-e\be) op-
tion.
Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or re-
- set. Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to
+ set. Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to
their original values in a subshell or subshell environment when
- one is created. The return status is false if any _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is
+ one is created. The return status is false if any _\bs_\bi_\bg_\bs_\bp_\be_\bc is
invalid; otherwise t\btr\bra\bap\bp returns true.
t\bty\byp\bpe\be [-\b-a\baf\bft\btp\bpP\bP] _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- With no options, indicate how each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be would be interpreted if
+ With no options, indicate how each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be would be interpreted if
used as a command name. If the -\b-t\bt option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be prints a
- string which is one of _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs, _\bk_\be_\by_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn, or
- _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an alias, shell reserved word, function,
- builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found,
- then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is re-
- turned. If the -\b-p\bp option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be either returns the name
- of the disk file that would be executed if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be were specified
- as a command name, or nothing if ``type -t name'' would not re-
- turn _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. The -\b-P\bP option forces a P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH search for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,
+ string which is one of _\ba_\bl_\bi_\ba_\bs, _\bk_\be_\by_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn, _\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn, or
+ _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is an alias, shell reserved word, function,
+ builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not found,
+ then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is re-
+ turned. If the -\b-p\bp option is used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be either returns the name
+ of the disk file that would be executed if _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be were specified
+ as a command name, or nothing if ``type -t name'' would not re-
+ turn _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. The -\b-P\bP option forces a P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH search for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be,
even if ``type -t name'' would not return _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be. If a command is
hashed, -\b-p\bp and -\b-P\bP print the hashed value, which is not necessar-
- ily the file that appears first in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH. If the -\b-a\ba option is
- used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be prints all of the places that contain an executable
+ ily the file that appears first in P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH. If the -\b-a\ba option is
+ used, t\bty\byp\bpe\be prints all of the places that contain an executable
named _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. This includes aliases and functions, if and only if
the -\b-p\bp option is not also used. The table of hashed commands is
- not consulted when using -\b-a\ba. The -\b-f\bf option suppresses shell
+ not consulted when using -\b-a\ba. The -\b-f\bf option suppresses shell
function lookup, as with the c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd builtin. t\bty\byp\bpe\be returns true
if all of the arguments are found, false if any are not found.
u\bul\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bt [-\b-H\bHS\bS] -\b-a\ba
u\bul\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bt [-\b-H\bHS\bS] [-\b-b\bbc\bcd\bde\bef\bfi\bik\bkl\blm\bmn\bnp\bpq\bqr\brs\bst\btu\buv\bvx\bxP\bPR\bRT\bT [_\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt]]
- Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
- to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
+ Provides control over the resources available to the shell and
+ to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
The -\b-H\bH and -\b-S\bS options specify that the hard or soft limit is set
- for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a
- non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up
- to the value of the hard limit. If neither -\b-H\bH nor -\b-S\bS is speci-
+ for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a
+ non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up
+ to the value of the hard limit. If neither -\b-H\bH nor -\b-S\bS is speci-
fied, both the soft and hard limits are set. The value of _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt
can be a number in the unit specified for the resource or one of
the special values h\bha\bar\brd\bd, s\bso\bof\bft\bt, or u\bun\bnl\bli\bim\bmi\bit\bte\bed\bd, which stand for the
- current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit, re-
- spectively. If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is omitted, the current value of the soft
+ current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit, re-
+ spectively. If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is omitted, the current value of the soft
limit of the resource is printed, unless the -\b-H\bH option is given.
- When more than one resource is specified, the limit name and
- unit, if appropriate, are printed before the value. Other op-
+ When more than one resource is specified, the limit name and
+ unit, if appropriate, are printed before the value. Other op-
tions are interpreted as follows:
-\b-a\ba All current limits are reported; no limits are set
-\b-b\bb The maximum socket buffer size
-\b-c\bc The maximum size of core files created
-\b-d\bd The maximum size of a process's data segment
-\b-e\be The maximum scheduling priority ("nice")
- -\b-f\bf The maximum size of files written by the shell and its
+ -\b-f\bf The maximum size of files written by the shell and its
children
-\b-i\bi The maximum number of pending signals
-\b-k\bk The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated
-\b-l\bl The maximum size that may be locked into memory
- -\b-m\bm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor
+ -\b-m\bm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor
this limit)
-\b-n\bn The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems
do not allow this value to be set)
-\b-r\br The maximum real-time scheduling priority
-\b-s\bs The maximum stack size
-\b-t\bt The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds
- -\b-u\bu The maximum number of processes available to a single
+ -\b-u\bu The maximum number of processes available to a single
user
- -\b-v\bv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
+ -\b-v\bv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the
shell and, on some systems, to its children
-\b-x\bx The maximum number of file locks
-\b-P\bP The maximum number of pseudoterminals
- -\b-R\bR The maximum time a real-time process can run before
+ -\b-R\bR The maximum time a real-time process can run before
blocking, in microseconds
-\b-T\bT The maximum number of threads
- If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is given, and the -\b-a\ba option is not used, _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is the
- new value of the specified resource. If no option is given,
- then -\b-f\bf is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except
- for -\b-t\bt, which is in seconds; -\b-R\bR, which is in microseconds; -\b-p\bp,
- which is in units of 512-byte blocks; -\b-P\bP, -\b-T\bT, -\b-b\bb, -\b-k\bk, -\b-n\bn, and
- -\b-u\bu, which are unscaled values; and, when in posix mode, -\b-c\bc and
- -\b-f\bf, which are in 512-byte increments. The return status is 0
- unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error
+ If _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is given, and the -\b-a\ba option is not used, _\bl_\bi_\bm_\bi_\bt is the
+ new value of the specified resource. If no option is given,
+ then -\b-f\bf is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except
+ for -\b-t\bt, which is in seconds; -\b-R\bR, which is in microseconds; -\b-p\bp,
+ which is in units of 512-byte blocks; -\b-P\bP, -\b-T\bT, -\b-b\bb, -\b-k\bk, -\b-n\bn, and
+ -\b-u\bu, which are unscaled values; and, when in posix mode, -\b-c\bc and
+ -\b-f\bf, which are in 512-byte increments. The return status is 0
+ unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error
occurs while setting a new limit.
u\bum\bma\bas\bsk\bk [-\b-p\bp] [-\b-S\bS] [_\bm_\bo_\bd_\be]
The user file-creation mask is set to _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be. If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be begins with
- a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
- interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
- _\bc_\bh_\bm_\bo_\bd(1). If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the current value of the mask is
- printed. The -\b-S\bS option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
- bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the -\b-p\bp
+ a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is
+ interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by
+ _\bc_\bh_\bm_\bo_\bd(1). If _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the current value of the mask is
+ printed. The -\b-S\bS option causes the mask to be printed in sym-
+ bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the -\b-p\bp
option is supplied, and _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be is omitted, the output is in a form
that may be reused as input. The return status is 0 if the mode
- was successfully changed or if no _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be argument was supplied,
+ was successfully changed or if no _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be argument was supplied,
and false otherwise.
u\bun\bna\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs [-a\ba] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- Remove each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from the list of defined aliases. If -\b-a\ba is
- supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value
+ Remove each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be from the list of defined aliases. If -\b-a\ba is
+ supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value
is true unless a supplied _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is not a defined alias.
u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt [-f\bfv\bv] [-n\bn] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, remove the corresponding variable or function.
+ For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, remove the corresponding variable or function.
If the -\b-v\bv option is given, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a shell variable,
- and that variable is removed. Read-only variables may not be
- unset. If -\b-f\bf is specified, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a shell func-
- tion, and the function definition is removed. If the -\b-n\bn option
- is supplied, and _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is a variable with the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf attribute,
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be will be unset rather than the variable it references. -\b-n\bn
- has no effect if the -\b-f\bf option is supplied. If no options are
- supplied, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a variable; if there is no vari-
- able by that name, a function with that name, if any, is unset.
- Each unset variable or function is removed from the environment
- passed to subsequent commands. If any of B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS,
+ and that variable is removed. Read-only variables may not be
+ unset. If -\b-f\bf is specified, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a shell func-
+ tion, and the function definition is removed. If the -\b-n\bn option
+ is supplied, and _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is a variable with the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf attribute,
+ _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be will be unset rather than the variable it references. -\b-n\bn
+ has no effect if the -\b-f\bf option is supplied. If no options are
+ supplied, each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be refers to a variable; if there is no vari-
+ able by that name, a function with that name, if any, is unset.
+ Each unset variable or function is removed from the environment
+ passed to subsequent commands. If any of B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAL\bLI\bIA\bAS\bSE\bES\bS,
B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV0\b0, B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_C\bCM\bMD\bDS\bS, B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD, B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_S\bSU\bUB\bBS\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL, B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bHP\bPI\bID\bD,
- C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDB\bBR\bRE\bEA\bAK\bKS\bS, D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK, E\bEP\bPO\bOC\bCH\bHR\bRE\bEA\bAL\bLT\bTI\bIM\bME\bE, E\bEP\bPO\bOC\bCH\bHS\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bC-\b-
- N\bNA\bAM\bME\bE, G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS, H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD, L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO, R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM, S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, or S\bSR\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM are
+ C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bP_\b_W\bWO\bOR\bRD\bDB\bBR\bRE\bEA\bAK\bKS\bS, D\bDI\bIR\bRS\bST\bTA\bAC\bCK\bK, E\bEP\bPO\bOC\bCH\bHR\bRE\bEA\bAL\bLT\bTI\bIM\bME\bE, E\bEP\bPO\bOC\bCH\bHS\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, F\bFU\bUN\bNC\bC-\b-
+ N\bNA\bAM\bME\bE, G\bGR\bRO\bOU\bUP\bPS\bS, H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTC\bCM\bMD\bD, L\bLI\bIN\bNE\bEN\bNO\bO, R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM, S\bSE\bEC\bCO\bON\bND\bDS\bS, or S\bSR\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM are
unset, they lose their special properties, even if they are sub-
sequently reset. The exit status is true unless a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be is read-
only or may not be unset.
w\bwa\bai\bit\bt [-\b-f\bfn\bn] [-\b-p\bp _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [_\bi_\bd _\b._\b._\b.]
Wait for each specified child process and return its termination
- status. Each _\bi_\bd may be a process ID or a job specification; if
- a job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are
- waited for. If _\bi_\bd is not given, w\bwa\bai\bit\bt waits for all running
- background jobs and the last-executed process substitution, if
+ status. Each _\bi_\bd may be a process ID or a job specification; if
+ a job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are
+ waited for. If _\bi_\bd is not given, w\bwa\bai\bit\bt waits for all running
+ background jobs and the last-executed process substitution, if
its process id is the same as $\b$!\b!, and the return status is zero.
- If the -\b-n\bn option is supplied, w\bwa\bai\bit\bt waits for a single job from
+ If the -\b-n\bn option is supplied, w\bwa\bai\bit\bt waits for a single job from
the list of _\bi_\bds or, if no _\bi_\bds are supplied, any job, to complete
- and returns its exit status. If none of the supplied arguments
+ and returns its exit status. If none of the supplied arguments
is a child of the shell, or if no arguments are supplied and the
- shell has no unwaited-for children, the exit status is 127. If
- the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, the process or job identifier of the
- job for which the exit status is returned is assigned to the
- variable _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be named by the option argument. The variable
- will be unset initially, before any assignment. This is useful
- only when the -\b-n\bn option is supplied. Supplying the -\b-f\bf option,
- when job control is enabled, forces w\bwa\bai\bit\bt to wait for _\bi_\bd to ter-
+ shell has no unwaited-for children, the exit status is 127. If
+ the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, the process or job identifier of the
+ job for which the exit status is returned is assigned to the
+ variable _\bv_\ba_\br_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be named by the option argument. The variable
+ will be unset initially, before any assignment. This is useful
+ only when the -\b-n\bn option is supplied. Supplying the -\b-f\bf option,
+ when job control is enabled, forces w\bwa\bai\bit\bt to wait for _\bi_\bd to ter-
minate before returning its status, instead of returning when it
- changes status. If _\bi_\bd specifies a non-existent process or job,
- the return status is 127. Otherwise, the return status is the
+ changes status. If _\bi_\bd specifies a non-existent process or job,
+ the return status is 127. Otherwise, the return status is the
exit status of the last process or job waited for.
S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPA\bAT\bTI\bIB\bBI\bIL\bLI\bIT\bTY\bY M\bMO\bOD\bDE\bE
- Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bb_\bi_\bl_\bi_\bt_\by _\bl_\be_\bv_\be_\bl, speci-
- fied as a set of options to the shopt builtin ( c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b31\b1, c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b32\b2,
- c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b40\b0, c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b41\b1, and so on). There is only one current compatibil-
- ity level -- each option is mutually exclusive. The compatibility
- level is intended to allow users to select behavior from previous ver-
- sions that is incompatible with newer versions while they migrate
- scripts to use current features and behavior. It's intended to be a
+ Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bb_\bi_\bl_\bi_\bt_\by _\bl_\be_\bv_\be_\bl, speci-
+ fied as a set of options to the shopt builtin ( c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b31\b1, c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b32\b2,
+ c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b40\b0, c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b41\b1, and so on). There is only one current compatibil-
+ ity level -- each option is mutually exclusive. The compatibility
+ level is intended to allow users to select behavior from previous ver-
+ sions that is incompatible with newer versions while they migrate
+ scripts to use current features and behavior. It's intended to be a
temporary solution.
- This section does not mention behavior that is standard for a particu-
- lar version (e.g., setting c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b32\b2 means that quoting the rhs of the
- regexp matching operator quotes special regexp characters in the word,
+ This section does not mention behavior that is standard for a particu-
+ lar version (e.g., setting c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b32\b2 means that quoting the rhs of the
+ regexp matching operator quotes special regexp characters in the word,
which is default behavior in bash-3.2 and above).
- If a user enables, say, c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b32\b2, it may affect the behavior of other
- compatibility levels up to and including the current compatibility
- level. The idea is that each compatibility level controls behavior
- that changed in that version of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh, but that behavior may have been
- present in earlier versions. For instance, the change to use locale-
- based comparisons with the [\b[[\b[ command came in bash-4.1, and earlier
+ If a user enables, say, c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b32\b2, it may affect the behavior of other
+ compatibility levels up to and including the current compatibility
+ level. The idea is that each compatibility level controls behavior
+ that changed in that version of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh, but that behavior may have been
+ present in earlier versions. For instance, the change to use locale-
+ based comparisons with the [\b[[\b[ command came in bash-4.1, and earlier
versions used ASCII-based comparisons, so enabling c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b32\b2 will enable
- ASCII-based comparisons as well. That granularity may not be suffi-
- cient for all uses, and as a result users should employ compatibility
- levels carefully. Read the documentation for a particular feature to
+ ASCII-based comparisons as well. That granularity may not be suffi-
+ cient for all uses, and as a result users should employ compatibility
+ levels carefully. Read the documentation for a particular feature to
find out the current behavior.
- Bash-4.3 introduced a new shell variable: B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPA\bAT\bT. The value as-
+ Bash-4.3 introduced a new shell variable: B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPA\bAT\bT. The value as-
signed to this variable (a decimal version number like 4.2, or an inte-
- ger corresponding to the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt_\bN_\bN option, like 42) determines the com-
+ ger corresponding to the c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt_\bN_\bN option, like 42) determines the com-
patibility level.
- Starting with bash-4.4, Bash has begun deprecating older compatibility
- levels. Eventually, the options will be removed in favor of B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_C\bCO\bOM\bM-\b-
+ Starting with bash-4.4, Bash has begun deprecating older compatibility
+ levels. Eventually, the options will be removed in favor of B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_C\bCO\bOM\bM-\b-
P\bPA\bAT\bT.
- Bash-5.0 is the final version for which there will be an individual
- shopt option for the previous version. Users should use B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPA\bAT\bT on
+ Bash-5.0 is the final version for which there will be an individual
+ shopt option for the previous version. Users should use B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPA\bAT\bT on
bash-5.0 and later versions.
- The following table describes the behavior changes controlled by each
+ The following table describes the behavior changes controlled by each
compatibility level setting. The c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt_\bN_\bN tag is used as shorthand for
setting the compatibility level to _\bN_\bN using one of the following mecha-
- nisms. For versions prior to bash-5.0, the compatibility level may be
- set using the corresponding c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt_\bN_\bN shopt option. For bash-4.3 and
- later versions, the B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPA\bAT\bT variable is preferred, and it is re-
+ nisms. For versions prior to bash-5.0, the compatibility level may be
+ set using the corresponding c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt_\bN_\bN shopt option. For bash-4.3 and
+ later versions, the B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_C\bCO\bOM\bMP\bPA\bAT\bT variable is preferred, and it is re-
quired for bash-5.1 and later versions.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b31\b1
ator (=~) has no special effect
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt3\b32\b2
- +\bo interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes
- the execution of the next command in the list (in
- bash-4.0 and later versions, the shell acts as if it re-
- ceived the interrupt, so interrupting one command in a
+ +\bo interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes
+ the execution of the next command in the list (in
+ bash-4.0 and later versions, the shell acts as if it re-
+ ceived the interrupt, so interrupting one command in a
list aborts the execution of the entire list)
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b40\b0
- +\bo the <\b< and >\b> operators to the [\b[[\b[ command do not consider
+ +\bo the <\b< and >\b> operators to the [\b[[\b[ command do not consider
the current locale when comparing strings; they use ASCII
ordering. Bash versions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII col-
- lation and _\bs_\bt_\br_\bc_\bm_\bp(3); bash-4.1 and later use the current
+ lation and _\bs_\bt_\br_\bc_\bm_\bp(3); bash-4.1 and later use the current
locale's collation sequence and _\bs_\bt_\br_\bc_\bo_\bl_\bl(3).
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b41\b1
- +\bo in _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx mode, t\bti\bim\bme\be may be followed by options and still
+ +\bo in _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx mode, t\bti\bim\bme\be may be followed by options and still
be recognized as a reserved word (this is POSIX interpre-
tation 267)
+\bo in _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bx mode, the parser requires that an even number of
- single quotes occur in the _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd portion of a double-
- quoted parameter expansion and treats them specially, so
- that characters within the single quotes are considered
+ single quotes occur in the _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd portion of a double-
+ quoted parameter expansion and treats them specially, so
+ that characters within the single quotes are considered
quoted (this is POSIX interpretation 221)
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b42\b2
+\bo the replacement string in double-quoted pattern substitu-
- tion does not undergo quote removal, as it does in ver-
+ tion does not undergo quote removal, as it does in ver-
sions after bash-4.2
- +\bo in posix mode, single quotes are considered special when
- expanding the _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd portion of a double-quoted parameter
- expansion and can be used to quote a closing brace or
- other special character (this is part of POSIX interpre-
- tation 221); in later versions, single quotes are not
+ +\bo in posix mode, single quotes are considered special when
+ expanding the _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd portion of a double-quoted parameter
+ expansion and can be used to quote a closing brace or
+ other special character (this is part of POSIX interpre-
+ tation 221); in later versions, single quotes are not
special within double-quoted word expansions
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b43\b3
- +\bo the shell does not print a warning message if an attempt
- is made to use a quoted compound assignment as an argu-
- ment to declare (declare -a foo='(1 2)'). Later versions
+ +\bo the shell does not print a warning message if an attempt
+ is made to use a quoted compound assignment as an argu-
+ ment to declare (declare -a foo='(1 2)'). Later versions
warn that this usage is deprecated
- +\bo word expansion errors are considered non-fatal errors
- that cause the current command to fail, even in posix
- mode (the default behavior is to make them fatal errors
+ +\bo word expansion errors are considered non-fatal errors
+ that cause the current command to fail, even in posix
+ mode (the default behavior is to make them fatal errors
that cause the shell to exit)
- +\bo when executing a shell function, the loop state
+ +\bo when executing a shell function, the loop state
(while/until/etc.) is not reset, so b\bbr\bre\bea\bak\bk or c\bco\bon\bnt\bti\bin\bnu\bue\be in
that function will break or continue loops in the calling
- context. Bash-4.4 and later reset the loop state to pre-
+ context. Bash-4.4 and later reset the loop state to pre-
vent this
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt4\b44\b4
- +\bo the shell sets up the values used by B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV and
- B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC so they can expand to the shell's positional
+ +\bo the shell sets up the values used by B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV and
+ B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC so they can expand to the shell's positional
parameters even if extended debugging mode is not enabled
- +\bo a subshell inherits loops from its parent context, so
- b\bbr\bre\bea\bak\bk or c\bco\bon\bnt\bti\bin\bnu\bue\be will cause the subshell to exit.
- Bash-5.0 and later reset the loop state to prevent the
+ +\bo a subshell inherits loops from its parent context, so
+ b\bbr\bre\bea\bak\bk or c\bco\bon\bnt\bti\bin\bnu\bue\be will cause the subshell to exit.
+ Bash-5.0 and later reset the loop state to prevent the
exit
- +\bo variable assignments preceding builtins like e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt and
+ +\bo variable assignments preceding builtins like e\bex\bxp\bpo\bor\brt\bt and
r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by that set attributes continue to affect variables
with the same name in the calling environment even if the
shell is not in posix mode
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt5\b50\b0
- +\bo Bash-5.1 changed the way $\b$R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM is generated to intro-
+ +\bo Bash-5.1 changed the way $\b$R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM is generated to intro-
duce slightly more randomness. If the shell compatibility
- level is set to 50 or lower, it reverts to the method
- from bash-5.0 and previous versions, so seeding the ran-
- dom number generator by assigning a value to R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM will
+ level is set to 50 or lower, it reverts to the method
+ from bash-5.0 and previous versions, so seeding the ran-
+ dom number generator by assigning a value to R\bRA\bAN\bND\bDO\bOM\bM will
produce the same sequence as in bash-5.0
- +\bo If the command hash table is empty, bash versions prior
- to bash-5.1 printed an informational message to that ef-
- fect, even when producing output that can be reused as
- input. Bash-5.1 suppresses that message when the -\b-l\bl op-
+ +\bo If the command hash table is empty, bash versions prior
+ to bash-5.1 printed an informational message to that ef-
+ fect, even when producing output that can be reused as
+ input. Bash-5.1 suppresses that message when the -\b-l\bl op-
tion is supplied.
c\bco\bom\bmp\bpa\bat\bt5\b51\b1
- +\bo The u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt builtin treats attempts to unset array sub-
- scripts @\b@ and *\b* differently depending on whether the ar-
- ray is indexed or associative, and differently than in
+ +\bo The u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt builtin treats attempts to unset array sub-
+ scripts @\b@ and *\b* differently depending on whether the ar-
+ ray is indexed or associative, and differently than in
previous versions.
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-144 3
87.6 R F4(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F3<ad>3.108 E
+(])A F4(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .683(The command)144 387.6 R F4(ar)
+3.513 E(g)-.37 E F0 .683(is to be read and e)3.403 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .682
+(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.182(ss).15 G
+(ignal\(s\))-3.182 E F4(sigspec)3.522 E F0 5.682(.I).31 G(f)-5.682 E F4
+(ar)3.512 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.402 E .608(absent \(and there is a single)
+144 3
99.6 R F4(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F3<ad>3.108 E
F0 3.108(,e)C .608
(ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original disposition)-3.108 F
-.658(\(the v)144 399.6 R .658(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).)
--.25 F(If)5.658 E F4(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .659
+.659(\(the v)144 411.6 R .659(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).)
+-.25 F(If)5.658 E F4(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .658
(is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F4(sigspec)
-144.34 411.6 Q F0 .581
-(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)3.391 F -.2(vo)-.4 G
--.1(ke).2 G 3.08(s. If).1 F F4(ar)3.41 E(g)-.37 E F0 .58
-(is not present and)3.3 F F3<ad70>3.08 E F0(has)3.08 E 1.214
-(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 423.6 R
-F4(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.215(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.215(If no ar)6.215
-F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 435.6 R F3<ad70>3.36
+144.34 423.6 Q F0 .58(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)
+3.39 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.081(s. If).1 F F4(ar)3.411 E(g)-.37 E
+F0 .581(is not present and)3.301 F F3<ad70>3.081 E F0(has)3.081 E 1.215
+(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 435.6 R
+F4(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.214(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.214(If no ar)6.214
+F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 447.6 R F3<ad70>3.36
E F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F3(trap)3.36 E F0 .86
(prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 2.83
-(signal. The)144 4
47.6 R F3<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \
-to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F
-4.311(bers. Each)144 459.6 R F4(sigspec)4.651 E F0 1.811
-(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.621 F F4(signal.h)A F0 1.81
-(>, or a signal number)B 6.81(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.81 E
-(names are case insensiti)144 471.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E
-F1(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E .666(If a)144 489.6 R F4
-(sigspec)3.506 E F0(is)3.476 E F1(EXIT)3.166 E F0 .666
-(\(0\) the command)2.916 F F4(ar)3.496 E(g)-.37 E F0 .666(is e)3.386 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .666(cuted on e).15 F .667(xit from the shell.)-.15 F
-.667(If a)5.667 F F4(sigspec)3.507 E F0(is)3.477 E F1(DE-)3.167 E -.09
-(BU)144 501.6 S(G).09 E F2(,)A F0 .484(the command)2.734 F F4(ar)3.314 E
-(g)-.37 E F0 .484(is e)3.204 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .484(cuted before e).15 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F4 .483(simple command)2.984 F F0(,)A F4(for)
-2.983 E F0(command,)2.983 E F4(case)2.983 E F0(command,)2.983 E F4
-(select)144 513.6 Q F0 .562(command, e)3.062 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .563
+(signal. The)144 4
59.6 R F3<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \
+to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F 4.31
+(bers. Each)144 471.6 R F4(sigspec)4.65 E F0 1.811
+(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.62 F F4(signal.h)A F0 1.811
+(>, or a signal number)B 6.811(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.811 E
+(names are case insensiti)144 483.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E
+F1(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E .667(If a)144 501.6 R F4
+(sigspec)3.507 E F0(is)3.477 E F1(EXIT)3.167 E F0 .667
+(\(0\) the command)2.917 F F4(ar)3.496 E(g)-.37 E F0 .666(is e)3.386 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .666(cuted on e).15 F .666(xit from the shell.)-.15 F
+.666(If a)5.666 F F4(sigspec)3.506 E F0(is)3.476 E F1(DE-)3.166 E -.09
+(BU)144 513.6 S(G).09 E F2(,)A F0 .483(the command)2.733 F F4(ar)3.313 E
+(g)-.37 E F0 .483(is e)3.203 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .484(cuted before e).15 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F4 .484(simple command)2.984 F F0(,)A F4(for)
+2.984 E F0(command,)2.984 E F4(case)2.984 E F0(command,)2.984 E F4
+(select)144 525.6 Q F0 .563(command, e)3.063 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .563
(ry arithmetic).15 F F4(for)3.063 E F0 .563
-(command, and before the \214rst command e)3.063 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .563
-(cutes in a shell).15 F .623(function \(see)144 525.6 R F1 .622
+(command, and before the \214rst command e)3.063 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .562
+(cutes in a shell).15 F .622(function \(see)144 537.6 R F1 .622
(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.122 F F0(abo)2.872 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.122(\). Refer).15
F .622(to the description of the)3.122 F F3(extdeb)3.122 E(ug)-.2 E F0
-.622(option to the)3.122 F F3(shopt)144 537.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)2.996 G .496
+.622(option to the)3.122 F F3(shopt)144 549.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)2.996 G .496
(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .496(fect on the)-.25 F F3(DEB)2.996 E
(UG)-.1 E F0 2.996(trap. If)2.996 F(a)2.996 E F4(sigspec)3.336 E F0(is)
3.306 E F1(RETURN)2.996 E F2(,)A F0 .496(the command)2.746 F F4(ar)
-144.33 549.6 Q(g)-.37 E F0 .18(is e)2.9 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .18
+144.33 561.6 Q(g)-.37 E F0 .18(is e)2.9 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .18
(cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .18
(cuted with the).15 F F3(.)2.68 E F0(or)2.68 E F3(sour)2.68 E(ce)-.18 E
-F0 -.2(bu)2.68 G .18(iltins \214nishes).2 F -.15(exe)144 561.6 S
-(cuting.).15 E .96(If a)144 579.6 R F4(sigspec)3.8 E F0(is)3.77 E F1
-(ERR)3.46 E F2(,)A F0 .96(the command)3.21 F F4(ar)3.791 E(g)-.37 E F0
-.961(is e)3.681 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .961(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-3.461(rap).15 G .961(ipeline \(which may consist of a)-3.461 F .185(sin\
+F0 -.2(bu)2.68 G .18(iltins \214nishes).2 F -.15(exe)144 573.6 S
+(cuting.).15 E .961(If a)144 591.6 R F4(sigspec)3.801 E F0(is)3.771 E F1
+(ERR)3.461 E F2(,)A F0 .961(the command)3.211 F F4(ar)3.791 E(g)-.37 E
+F0 .961(is e)3.681 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .961(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25
+G 3.461(ra).15 G .96(pipeline \(which may consist of a)-.001 F .185(sin\
gle simple command\), a list, or a compound command returns a non\255ze\
-ro e)144 591.6 R .184(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .451(the follo)144
-603.6 R .451(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.451 E F1(ERR)2.951 E F0 .451
-(trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451(cuted if the f).15 F .452
-(ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .388
-(mand list immediately follo)144 615.6 R .388(wing a)-.25 F F3(while)
-2.888 E F0(or)2.888 E F3(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388
-(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F4(if)2.897 E F0 .387
-(statement, part)4.847 F .777(of a command e)144 627.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
+ro e)144 603.6 R .185(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .452(the follo)144
+615.6 R .452(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.452 E F1(ERR)2.952 E F0 .451
+(trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451(cuted if the f).15 F .451
+(ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .387
+(mand list immediately follo)144 627.6 R .387(wing a)-.25 F F3(while)
+2.887 E F0(or)2.887 E F3(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388
+(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F4(if)2.898 E F0 .388
+(statement, part)4.848 F .778(of a command e)144 639.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
.778(cuted in a).15 F F3(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F3(||)3.278 E F0 .778
(list e)3.278 F .778(xcept the command follo)-.15 F .778
-(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F3(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F3(||)3.278 E F0
-3.278(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.278 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 639.6 R
+(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F3(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F3(||)3.277 E F0
+3.277(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.277 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 651.6 R
1.28(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.78(sr)-.55 G 1.28(eturn v)
-3.78 F 1.28(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.28(rted using).15 F
-F3(!)3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 651.6 Q
+F3(!)3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 663.6 Q
(yed by the)-.15 E F3(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(\()2.5 E F3<ad65>A F0 2.5
-(\)o)C(ption.)-2.5 E .132
+(\)o)C(ption.)-2.5 E .133
(Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144
-669.6 R -.35(Tr)5.133 G .133(apped signals that are not be-).35 F .117
-(ing ignored are reset to their original v)144 681.6 R .117
+681.6 R -.35(Tr)5.132 G .132(apped signals that are not be-).35 F .117
+(ing ignored are reset to their original v)144 693.6 R .117
(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .117
-(vironment when one is cre-)-.4 F 2.5(ated. The)144 693.6 R
+(vironment when one is cre-)-.4 F 2.5(ated. The)144 705.6 R
(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)-.1 E(y)-.15 E F4(sigspec)2.84 E F0
(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid; otherwise).25 E F3(trap)2.5 E F0
(returns true.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(type)108 84 Q F0([)
2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(])A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5
-E F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 96 S .173
-(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.673 E F2(name)
-3.033 E F0 -.1(wo)2.853 G .174
-(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .174(If the)5.174 F
+E F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 96 S .174
+(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.674(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.674 E F2(name)
+3.034 E F0 -.1(wo)2.854 G .173
+(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .173(If the)5.173 F
F1<ad74>144 108 Q F0 .715(option is used,)3.215 F F1(type)3.215 E F0
.715(prints a string which is one of)3.215 F F2(alias)3.545 E F0(,).27 E
F2 -.1(ke)3.215 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)5.185 E F0
(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.215 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.215(,o).24 G(r)-3.215 E F2
-(\214le)5.125 E F0(if)3.395 E F2(name)144.36 120 Q F0 .086
-(is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086
-(ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F2
-(name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119
+(\214le)5.125 E F0(if)3.395 E F2(name)144.36 120 Q F0 .087
+(is an alias, shell reserv)2.767 F .087(ed w)-.15 F .087
+(ord, function, b)-.1 F .086(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.086(.I)-.65 G 2.586(ft)-5.086 G(he)-2.586 E F2
+(name)2.946 E F0 .086(is not)2.766 F .118
(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 132 R .118
-(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F
-F1<ad70>2.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F1(type)2.618 E F0 .855
+(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .119(If the)5.119 F
+F1<ad70>2.619 E F0 .119(option is used,)2.619 F F1(type)2.619 E F0 .855
(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 144 R .855
(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0
-.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .529(mand name, or nothing if)
+.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .528(mand name, or nothing if)
144 156 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .528(type -t name)3.028 F F0 -.1(wo)3.028 G
.528(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)4.938 E F0 5.528(.T).18 G(he)-5.528 E
-F1<ad50>3.028 E F0 .528(option forces a)3.028 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
--.666(PA)3.028 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .006(search for each)144 168 R F2(name)
-2.506 E F0 2.506(,e)C -.15(ve)-2.756 G 2.506(ni).15 G(f)-2.506 E F3 .007
-(type -t name)2.506 F F0 -.1(wo)2.507 G .007(uld not return).1 F F2
-(\214le)4.417 E F0 5.007(.I).18 G 2.507(fac)-5.007 G .007
-(ommand is hashed,)-2.50
7 F F1<ad70>2.507 E F0(and)144 180 Q F1<ad50>
-3.231 E F0 .731(print the hashed v)3.231 F .73
+F1<ad50>3.028 E F0 .529(option forces a)3.028 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
+-.666(PA)3.029 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .007(search for each)144 168 R F2(name)
+2.507 E F0 2.507(,e)C -.15(ve)-2.757 G 2.507(ni).15 G(f)-2.507 E F3 .007
+(type -t name)2.507 F F0 -.1(wo)2.507 G .007(uld not return).1 F F2
+(\214le)4.417 E F0 5.006(.I).18 G 2.506(fac)-5.006 G .006
+(ommand is hashed,)-2.50
6 F F1<ad70>2.506 E F0(and)144 180 Q F1<ad50>
+3.23 E F0 .73(print the hashed v)3.23 F .731
(alue, which is not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25
-F F4 -.666(PA)3.23 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .73(If the)
-5.23 F F1<ad61>144 192 Q F0 .823(option is used,)3.323 F F1(type)3.323 E
-F0 .824(prints all of the places that contain an e)3.323 F -.15(xe)-.15
-G .824(cutable named).15 F F2(name)3.684 E F0 5.824(.T).18 G .824
-(his in-)-5.824 F 1.176
+F F4 -.666(PA)3.231 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .731
+(If the)5.231 F F1<ad61>144 192 Q F0 .824(option is used,)3.324 F F1
+(type)3.324 E F0 .824(prints all of the places that contain an e)3.324 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .823(cutable named).15 F F2(name)3.683 E F0 5.823(.T).18
+G .823(his in-)-5.823 F 1.176
(cludes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 204 R F1<ad70>
-3.676 E F0 1.176(option is not also used.)3.676 F 1.176
+3.676 E F0 1.176(option is not also used.)3.676 F 1.177
(The table of hashed)6.176 F 1.223(commands is not consulted when using)
144 216 R F1<ad61>3.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F1<ad66>3.723 E F0
-1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .326(with the)
-144 228 R F1(command)2.826 E F0 -.2(bu)2.826 G(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5.326
-E F0 .326(returns true if all of the ar)2.826 F .325
-(guments are found, f)-.18 F .325(alse if an)-.1 F 2.825(ya)-.15 G .325
-(re not)-2.825 F(found.)144 240 Q F1(ulimit)108 256.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
+1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .325(with the)
+144 228 R F1(command)2.825 E F0 -.2(bu)2.825 G(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5.325
+E F0 .325(returns true if all of the ar)2.825 F .326
+(guments are found, f)-.18 F .326(alse if an)-.1 F 2.826(ya)-.15 G .326
+(re not)-2.826 F(found.)144 240 Q F1(ulimit)108 256.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
(\255HS)A F0(])A F1<ad61>2.5 E(ulimit)108 268.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HS)A
F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255bcde\214klmnpqrstuvxPR)-2.5 E(T)-.4 E F0([)2.5 E F2
-(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 280.8 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)
--.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
+(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 280.8 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)
+-.15 G 2.744(rt).15 G .244(he resources a)-2.744 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
(ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F
-.944(that allo)144 292.8 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F
-(The)5.944 E F1<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943
+.943(that allo)144 292.8 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F
+(The)5.943 E F1<ad48>3.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .944
(options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi)
-144 304.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208
+144 304.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208
(hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\
-ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 316.8 R .426
-(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F1<ad48>2.925 E
-F0(nor)2.925 E F1<ad53>2.925 E F0 .425
-(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
+ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 316.8 R .425
+(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F1<ad48>2.926 E
+F0(nor)2.926 E F1<ad53>2.926 E F0 .426
+(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
328.8 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
(can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F
-.742(of the special v)144 340.8 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F1
+.741(of the special v)144 340.8 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F1
(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
-C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .023
+C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .024
(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 352.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
5.023(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.023 E F2(limit)2.613 E F0 .023
(is omitted, the current v)3.203 F .023
-(alue of the soft limit of the re-)-.25 F .985
-(source is printed, unless the)144 364.8 R F1<ad48>3.485 E F0 .984
-(option is gi)3.485 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.484(n. When).15 F .984
+(alue of the soft limit of the re-)-.25 F .984
+(source is printed, unless the)144 364.8 R F1<ad48>3.484 E F0 .984
+(option is gi)3.484 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.484(n. When).15 F .985
(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)3.484 F .7
(limit name and unit, if appropriate, are printed before the v)144 376.8
R 3.2(alue. Other)-.25 F .7(options are interpreted as)3.2 F(follo)144
(The maximum resident set size \(man)180 508.8 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G
(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 520.8 Q F0 .791(Th\
e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)
-180 520.8 R 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F
+180 520.8 R 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F
(be set\))180 532.8 Q F1<ad70>144 544.8 Q F0
(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 544.8 Q F1
<ad71>144 556.8 Q F0
E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .468(n, and the).15 F F1<ad61>
2.968 E F0 .468(option is not used,)2.968 F F2(limit)2.968 E F0 .468
(is the ne)2.968 F 2.968(wv)-.25 G .468
-(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .044
-(no option is gi)144 705.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .04
4(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>
-2.544 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045
-(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .045(xcept for)-.15 F F1
-<ad74>2.545 E F0 2.545(,w)C .045(hich is)-2.545 F .67(in seconds;)144
+(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .045
+(no option is gi)144 705.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .04
5(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>
+2.545 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045
+(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .044(xcept for)-.15 F F1
+<ad74>2.544 E F0 2.544(,w)C .044(hich is)-2.544 F .67(in seconds;)144
717.6 R F1<ad52>3.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in microseconds;)-3.17 F
F1<ad70>3.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks;)
-3.17 F F1<ad50>3.17 E F0(,)A F1<ad54>3.17 E F0(,)A F1<ad62>3.17 E F0(,)
-A F1<ad6b>144 729.6 Q F0(,)A F1<ad6e>3.736 E F0 3.736(,a)C(nd)-3.736 E
+A F1<ad6b>144 729.6 Q F0(,)A F1<ad6e>3.737 E F0 3.737(,a)C(nd)-3.737 E
F1<ad75>3.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.236(hich are unscaled v)-3.736 F 1.236
(alues; and, when in posix mode,)-.25 F F1<ad63>3.736 E F0(and)3.736 E
-F1<ad66>3.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.237(hich are in)-3.736 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72
+F1<ad66>3.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.236(hich are in)-3.736 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72
768 Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(24)185.545 E 0 Cg
EP
%%Page: 25 25
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .239(512-byte increments.)144 84 R .238
-(The return status is 0 unless an in)5.239 F -.25(va)-.4 G .238
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .238(512-byte increments.)144 84 R .238
+(The return status is 0 unless an in)5.238 F -.25(va)-.4 G .238
(lid option or ar).25 F .238(gument is supplied, or an)-.18 F
(error occurs while setting a ne)144 96 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E/F1
10/Times-Bold@0 SF(umask)108 112.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1
(gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\
therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\
pted by)144 136.8 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
-148.8 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382
+148.8 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382
(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382
(option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547
(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 160.8 R .547
(ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G
(he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2
-(mode)144.38 172.8 Q F0 .551
-(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231
-F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 184.8 Q
+(mode)144.38 172.8 Q F0 .552
+(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232
+F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 184.8 Q
(as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E
(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1
(unalias)108 201.6 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
-(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 213.6 Q 1.058 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
-3.258 E F0 .758(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)3.258 F(If)5.758 E
-F1<ad61>3.258 E F0 .757(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are re-)
+(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 213.6 Q 1.057 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
+3.257 E F0 .757(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)3.257 F(If)5.758 E
+F1<ad61>3.258 E F0 .758(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are re-)
3.258 F(mo)144 225.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
(alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0
(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 242.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])
-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 254.4 S 3.803(re).15 G(ach)-3.803 E F2(name)4.163 E F0
-3.803(,r).18 G(emo)-3.803 E 1.603 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.303
+2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 254.4 S 3.804(re).15 G(ach)-3.804 E F2(name)4.164 E F0
+3.804(,r).18 G(emo)-3.804 E 1.604 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.304
(he corresponding v).15 F 1.303(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.303
-(If the)6.303 F F1<ad76>3.804 E F0 1.304(option is gi)3.804 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G 1.304(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 266.4 Q F0 .465
-(refers to a shell v)3.145 F .464(ariable, and that v)-.25 F .464
-(ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.964(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va)
-2.964 G .464(riables may not be un-).25 F 2.768(set. If)144 278.4 R F1
-<ad66>2.768 E F0 .269(is speci\214ed, each)2.768 F F2(name)3.129 E F0
+(If the)6.303 F F1<ad76>3.803 E F0 1.303(option is gi)3.803 F -.15(ve)
+-.25 G 1.303(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 266.4 Q F0 .464
+(refers to a shell v)3.144 F .464(ariable, and that v)-.25 F .464
+(ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.965(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va)
+2.965 G .465(riables may not be un-).25 F 2.769(set. If)144 278.4 R F1
+<ad66>2.769 E F0 .269(is speci\214ed, each)2.769 F F2(name)3.129 E F0
.269(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)
-2.949 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .404(If the)144 290.4 R F1<ad6e>2.904 E
+2.949 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .403(If the)144 290.4 R F1<ad6e>2.903 E
F0 .404(option is supplied, and)2.904 F F2(name)2.904 E F0 .404(is a v)
2.904 F .404(ariable with the)-.25 F F2(namer)2.904 E(ef)-.37 E F0
-(attrib)2.904 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.904 E F0 .403(will be unset)2.904 F
-.719(rather than the v)144 302.4 R .719(ariable it references.)-.25 F F1
-<ad6e>5.7
19 E F0 .719(has no ef)3.219 F .719(fect if the)-.25 F F1<ad66>
-3.22 E F0 .72(option is supplied.)3.22 F .72(If no options)5.72 F .737
-(are supplied, each)144 314.4 R F2(name)3.237 E F0 .737(refers to a v)
-3.237 F .737(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .736
-(ariable by that name, a function with)-.25 F 1.761(that name, if an)144
-326.4 R 3.061 -.65(y, i)-.15 H 4.261(su).65 G 4.261(nset. Each)-4.261 F
+(attrib)2.904 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.904 E F0 .404(will be unset)2.904 F
+.72(rather than the v)144 302.4 R .72(ariable it references.)-.25 F F1
+<ad6e>5.7
2 E F0 .72(has no ef)3.22 F .719(fect if the)-.25 F F1<ad66>
+3.219 E F0 .719(option is supplied.)3.219 F .719(If no options)5.719 F
+.736(are supplied, each)144 314.4 R F2(name)3.236 E F0 .736
+(refers to a v)3.236 F .737(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .737
+(ariable by that name, a function with)-.25 F 1.762(that name, if an)144
+326.4 R 3.062 -.65(y, i)-.15 H 4.262(su).65 G 4.261(nset. Each)-4.262 F
1.761(unset v)4.261 F 1.761(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)
--.15 G 4.262(df).15 G 1.762(rom the en)-4.262 F(vironment)-.4 E 3.172
+-.15 G 4.261(df).15 G 1.761(rom the en)-4.261 F(vironment)-.4 E 3.171
(passed to subsequent commands.)144 338.4 R 3.172(If an)8.172 F 5.672
(yo)-.15 G(f)-5.672 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)5.672 G(SH_ALIASES)
-.27 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3 -.27(BA)5.421 G(SH_ARGV0).27 E F4(,)A
-F3 -.27(BA)5.421 G(SH_CMDS).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)144 350.4 S
-(SH_COMMAND).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)11.481 G(SH_SUBSHELL).27 E F4(,)A F3
+.27 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3 -.27(BA)5.422 G(SH_ARGV0).27 E F4(,)A
+F3 -.27(BA)5.422 G(SH_CMDS).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)144 350.4 S
+(SH_COMMAND).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)11.482 G(SH_SUBSHELL).27 E F4(,)A F3
-.27(BA)11.482 G(SHPID).27 E F4(,)A F3(COMP_W)11.482 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E
-F4(,)A F3(DIRST)11.482 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F4(,)A F3(EPOCHREAL)
+F4(,)A F3(DIRST)11.481 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F4(,)A F3(EPOCHREAL)
144 362.4 Q(TIME)-.828 E F4(,)A F3(EPOCHSECONDS)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN)
2.67 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)2.67 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)2.67
E F4(,)A F3(LINENO)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(RANDOM)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)144
-374.4 Q F4(,)A F0(or)4.029 E F3(SRANDOM)4.279 E F0 1.779(are unset, the)
-4.029 F 4.279(yl)-.15 G 1.779(ose their special properties, e)-4.279 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 4.279(ni).15 G 4.28(ft)-4.279 G(he)-4.28 E 4.28(ya)-.15 G
-1.78(re subse-)-4.28 F(quently reset.)144 386.4 Q(The e)5 E
+374.4 Q F4(,)A F0(or)4.03 E F3(SRANDOM)4.28 E F0 1.779(are unset, the)
+4.03 F 4.279(yl)-.15 G 1.779(ose their special properties, e)-4.279 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 4.279(ni).15 G 4.279(ft)-4.279 G(he)-4.279 E 4.279(ya)
+-.15 G 1.779(re subse-)-4.279 F(quently reset.)144 386.4 Q(The e)5 E
(xit status is true unless a)-.15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0
(is readonly or may not be unset.)2.68 E F1(wait)108 403.2 Q F0([)2.5 E
F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F2(varname)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
(id ...)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 415.2 S .659(it for each speci\214ed c\
hild process and return its termination status.).8 F(Each)5.659 E F2(id)
-3.169 E F0 .658(may be a process)3.928 F .008
+3.169 E F0 .659(may be a process)3.929 F .009
(ID or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 427.2 R -.15(ve)
--.25 G .009(n, all processes in that job').15 F 2.509(sp)-.55 G .009
-(ipeline are w)-2.509 F .009(aited for)-.1 F 5.009(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.009 E
-F2(id)144.01 439.2 Q F0 .442(is not gi)3.712 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E
-F1(wait)2.942 E F0 -.1(wa)2.942 G .441
+-.25 G .008(n, all processes in that job').15 F 2.508(sp)-.55 G .008
+(ipeline are w)-2.508 F .008(aited for)-.1 F 5.008(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.008 E
+F2(id)144.01 439.2 Q F0 .441(is not gi)3.711 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E
+F1(wait)2.941 E F0 -.1(wa)2.941 G .441
(its for all running background jobs and the last-e).1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.441(cuted process substitu-).15 F .597
+.442(cuted process substitu-).15 F .598
(tion, if its process id is the same as)144 451.2 R F1($!)3.098 E F0
-3.098(,a)C .598(nd the return status is zero.)-3.098 F .598(If the)5.598
-F F1<ad6e>3.098 E F0 .598(option is supplied,)3.098 F F1(wait)144 463.2
-Q F0 -.1(wa)3.083 G .583(its for a single job from the list of).1 F F2
+3.098(,a)C .598(nd the return status is zero.)-3.098 F .597(If the)5.597
+F F1<ad6e>3.097 E F0 .597(option is supplied,)3.097 F F1(wait)144 463.2
+Q F0 -.1(wa)3.082 G .583(its for a single job from the list of).1 F F2
(id)3.083 E F0 3.083(so)C 1.383 -.4(r, i)-3.083 H 3.083(fn).4 G(o)-3.083
E F2(id)3.083 E F0 3.083(sa)C .583(re supplied, an)-3.083 F 3.083(yj)
--.15 G .582(ob, to complete and)-3.083 F .403(returns its e)144 475.2 R
-.403(xit status.)-.15 F .403(If none of the supplied ar)5.403 F .403
-(guments is a child of the shell, or if no ar)-.18 F(guments)-.18 E .573
+-.15 G .583(ob, to complete and)-3.083 F .404(returns its e)144 475.2 R
+.404(xit status.)-.15 F .403(If none of the supplied ar)5.403 F .403
+(guments is a child of the shell, or if no ar)-.18 F(guments)-.18 E .572
(are supplied and the shell has no unw)144 487.2 R .573
-(aited-for children, the e)-.1 F .573(xit status is 127.)-.15 F .572
-(If the)5.573 F F1<ad70>3.072 E F0 .572(option is)3.072 F .39
+(aited-for children, the e)-.1 F .573(xit status is 127.)-.15 F .573
+(If the)5.573 F F1<ad70>3.073 E F0 .573(option is)3.073 F .39
(supplied, the process or job identi\214er of the job for which the e)
144 499.2 R .39(xit status is returned is assigned to)-.15 F .905(the v)
144 511.2 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname)3.405 E F0 .905
(an)144 523.2 Q 3.89(ya)-.15 G 3.89(ssignment. This)-3.89 F 1.39
(is useful only when the)3.89 F F1<ad6e>3.89 E F0 1.39
(option is supplied.)3.89 F 1.39(Supplying the)6.39 F F1<ad66>3.89 E F0
-(option,)3.89 E .575(when job control is enabled, forces)144 535.2 R F1
+(option,)3.89 E .574(when job control is enabled, forces)144 535.2 R F1
(wait)3.075 E F0 .575(to w)3.075 F .575(ait for)-.1 F F2(id)3.075 E F0
-.574(to terminate before returning its status, in-)3.075 F .635
+.575(to terminate before returning its status, in-)3.075 F .635
(stead of returning when it changes status.)144 547.2 R(If)5.635 E F2
(id)3.145 E F0 .635(speci\214es a non-e)3.905 F .635
(xistent process or job, the return)-.15 F(status is 127.)144 559.2 Q
(Otherwise, the return status is the e)5 E
(xit status of the last process or job w)-.15 E(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E
/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL COMP)72 576 Q -1.04(AT)-.81 G
-(IBILITY MODE)1.04 E F0 1.355(Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a)108
+(IBILITY MODE)1.04 E F0 1.354(Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a)108
588 R F2 1.355(shell compatibility le)3.855 F(vel)-.15 E F0 3.855(,s)C
-1.354(peci\214ed as a set of options to the shopt)-3.855 F -.2(bu)108
-600 S .398(iltin \().2 F F1(compat31)2.898 E F0(,)A F1(compat32)2.898 E
-F0(,)A F1(compat40)2.898 E F0(,)A F1(compat41)2.898 E F0 2.898(,a)C .399
-(nd so on\).)-2.898 F .399(There is only one current compatibility)5.399
-F(le)108 612 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.254(l-).15 G 3.254(-e)-3.254 G .754
-(ach option is mutually e)-3.254 F(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.754
-(.T).15 G .754(he compatibility le)-5.754 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.253(li).15
-G 3.253(si)-3.253 G .753(ntended to allo)-3.253 F 3.253(wu)-.25 G .753
-(sers to select be-)-3.253 F(ha)108 624 Q 1.083(vior from pre)-.2 F
-1.083(vious v)-.25 F 1.083(ersions that is incompatible with ne)-.15 F
-1.083(wer v)-.25 F 1.083(ersions while the)-.15 F 3.584(ym)-.15 G 1.084
-(igrate scripts to use)-3.584 F(current features and beha)108 636 Q
+1.355(peci\214ed as a set of options to the shopt)-3.855 F -.2(bu)108
+600 S .399(iltin \().2 F F1(compat31)2.899 E F0(,)A F1(compat32)2.899 E
+F0(,)A F1(compat40)2.899 E F0(,)A F1(compat41)2.899 E F0 2.899(,a)C .399
+(nd so on\).)-2.899 F .398(There is only one current compatibility)5.398
+F(le)108 612 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.253(l-).15 G 3.253(-e)-3.253 G .753
+(ach option is mutually e)-3.253 F(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.753
+(.T).15 G .753(he compatibility le)-5.753 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.254(li).15
+G 3.254(si)-3.254 G .754(ntended to allo)-3.254 F 3.254(wu)-.25 G .754
+(sers to select be-)-3.254 F(ha)108 624 Q 1.084(vior from pre)-.2 F
+1.084(vious v)-.25 F 1.083(ersions that is incompatible with ne)-.15 F
+1.083(wer v)-.25 F 1.083(ersions while the)-.15 F 3.583(ym)-.15 G 1.083
+(igrate scripts to use)-3.583 F(current features and beha)108 636 Q
(vior)-.2 E 2.5(.I)-.55 G(t')-2.5 E 2.5(si)-.55 G
-(ntended to be a temporary solution.)-2.5 E 1.457
+(ntended to be a temporary solution.)-2.5 E 1.456
(This section does not mention beha)108 652.8 R 1.457
-(vior that is standard for a particular v)-.2 F 1.456
-(ersion \(e.g., setting)-.15 F F1(compat32)3.956 E F0 .886
+(vior that is standard for a particular v)-.2 F 1.457
+(ersion \(e.g., setting)-.15 F F1(compat32)3.957 E F0 .887
(means that quoting the rhs of the re)108 664.8 R(ge)-.15 E .886
-(xp matching operator quotes special re)-.15 F(ge)-.15 E .887
+(xp matching operator quotes special re)-.15 F(ge)-.15 E .886
(xp characters in the w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E(which is def)108 676.8 Q
(ault beha)-.1 E(vior in bash-3.2 and abo)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E
-.523(If a user enables, say)108 693.6 R(,)-.65 E F1(compat32)3.023 E F0
+.522(If a user enables, say)108 693.6 R(,)-.65 E F1(compat32)3.023 E F0
3.023(,i)C 3.023(tm)-3.023 G .523(ay af)-3.023 F .523(fect the beha)-.25
-F .523(vior of other compatibility le)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .522
-(ls up to and includ-).15 F .259(ing the current compatibility le)108
-705.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.759(l. The).15 F .259
-(idea is that each compatibility le)2.759 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.76(lc).15 G
-.26(ontrols beha)-2.76 F .26(vior that changed)-.2 F 1.646(in that v)108
-717.6 R 1.646(ersion of)-.15 F F1(bash)4.146 E F0 4.146(,b)C 1.646
-(ut that beha)-4.346 F 1.646(vior may ha)-.2 F 1.946 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
-1.646(een present in earlier v).15 F 4.146(ersions. F)-.15 F 1.645
-(or instance, the)-.15 F .76
+F .523(vior of other compatibility le)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .523
+(ls up to and includ-).15 F .26(ing the current compatibility le)108
+705.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.76(l. The).15 F .259
+(idea is that each compatibility le)2.759 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.759(lc).15
+G .259(ontrols beha)-2.759 F .259(vior that changed)-.2 F 1.645
+(in that v)108 717.6 R 1.646(ersion of)-.15 F F1(bash)4.146 E F0 4.146
+(,b)C 1.646(ut that beha)-4.346 F 1.646(vior may ha)-.2 F 1.946 -.15
+(ve b)-.2 H 1.646(een present in earlier v).15 F 4.146(ersions. F)-.15 F
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G(cution of the entire list\)).15 E F1(compat40)108 369.6 Q F0<83>144
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180 708 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt this).15 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)
136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(26)185.545 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 27 27
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%!PS-Adobe-3.0
%%Creator: groff version 1.22.4
-%%CreationDate: Fri Apr 8 15:46:03 2022
+%%CreationDate: Mon Jun 13 11:04:35 2022
%%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman
%%+ font Times-Bold
%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.22 4
Copyright (C) 1988-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@end ignore
-@set LASTCHANGE Thu Feb 24 14:43:35 EST 2022
+@set LASTCHANGE Fri Jun 3 10:47:05 EDT 2022
@set EDITION 5.2
@set VERSION 5.2
-@set UPDATED 24 February 2022
-@set UPDATED-MONTH February 2022
+@set UPDATED 3 June 2022
+@set UPDATED-MONTH June 2022
pushd.o: pushd.c
$(RM) $@
- $(SHOBJ_CC) -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DPUSHD_AND_POPD -DLOADABLE_BUILTIN $(SHOBJ_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(INC) -c -o $@ $<
+ $(SHOBJ_CC) -Wno-format-security -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DPUSHD_AND_POPD -DLOADABLE_BUILTIN $(SHOBJ_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(INC) -c -o $@ $<
pushd: pushd.o
$(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ pushd.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-( cd perl && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} $@ )
distclean maintainer-clean: clean
- $(RM) Makefile Makefile.inc pushd.c
+ $(RM) Makefile Makefile.inc Makefile.sample pushd.c
-( cd perl && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} $@ )
installdirs:
install-dev: installdirs
@$(INSTALL_DATA) Makefile.inc $(DESTDIR)$(loadablesdir)/Makefile.inc
+ @$(INSTALL_DATA) Makefile.sample $(DESTDIR)$(loadablesdir)/Makefile.sample
@$(INSTALL_DATA) $(srcdir)/loadables.h $(DESTDIR)$(loadablesdir)/loadables.h
@( cd $(BUILD_DIR) && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} DESTDIR="$(DESTDIR)" install-headers)
done
uninstall-dev:
- -$(RM) $(DESTDIR)$(loadablesdir)/Makefile.inc $(DESTDIR)$(loadablesdir)/loadables.h
+ -$(RM) $(DESTDIR)$(loadablesdir)/Makefile.inc $(DESTDIR)$(loadablesdir)/Makefile.sample
+ -$(RM) $(DESTDIR)$(loadablesdir)/loadables.h
-( cd $(BUILD_DIR) && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} DESTDIR="$(DESTDIR)" uninstall-headers)
uninstall-supported: uninstall-dev
#
# Sample makefile for bash loadable builtin development
#
-# Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 2015-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
.c.o:
$(SHOBJ_CC) $(SHOBJ_CFLAGS) $(CCFLAGS) $(INC) -c -o $@ $<
-
-all: example
-
-example: example.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ example.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-example.o: example.c
--- /dev/null
+#
+# Sample makefile for bash loadable builtin development
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+
+# these should match the ones in Makefile.in (for the make install target)
+
+prefix = @prefix@
+exec_prefix = @exec_prefix@
+libdir = @libdir@
+
+# ${loadablesdir} is where the example loadable builtins and data files
+# are installed (make install target in Makefile.in)
+
+loadablesdir = @loadablesdir@
+DESTDIR =
+
+# include Makefile.inc for all boilerplate definitions
+
+include $(DESTDIR)$(loadablesdir)/Makefile.inc
+
+# here, `example' is the name of the shared object
+# replace `example' with the appropriate filename
+
+all: example
+
+example: example.o
+ $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ example.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
+
+example.o: example.c
*/
/*
- Copyright (C) 1999-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ Copyright (C) 1999-2009,2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash.
Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
int fd;
char *fn;
{
- char buf[1024], *s;
+ char buf[4096], *s;
int n, w, e;
while (n = read(fd, buf, sizeof (buf))) {
for (sawc = 0, l = list; l; l = l->next)
{
ostr = ansicstr (l->word->word, strlen (l->word->word), 0, &sawc, (int *)0);
- fprintf (ofp, "%s", ostr);
+ if (ostr)
+ fprintf (ofp, "%s", ostr);
free (ostr);
if (sawc)
return (0);
extern int errno;
#endif
+#if defined (PRI_MACROS_BROKEN)
+# undef PRIdMAX
+#endif
+
+#if !defined (PRIdMAX)
+# if HAVE_LONG_LONG
+# define PRIdMAX "lld"
+# else
+# define PRIdMAX "ld"
+# endif
+#endif
+
#if defined (HAVE_LONG_DOUBLE) && HAVE_DECL_STRTOLD && !defined(STRTOLD_BROKEN)
typedef long double floatmax_t;
# define FLOATMAX_CONV "L"
--- /dev/null
+#! /bin/bash
+#
+# bcalc - a coproc example that uses bc to evaluate floating point expressions
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# If supplied command-line arguments, it uses them as the expression to have
+# bc evaluate, and exits after reading the result. Otherwise, it enters an
+# interactive mode, reading expressions and passing them to bc for evaluation,
+# with line editing and history.
+#
+# You could even use this to write bc programs, but you'd have to rework the
+# single-line REPL a little bit to do that (and get over the annoying timeout
+# on the read)
+#
+# Chet Ramey
+# chet.ramey@case.edu
+
+# we force stderr to avoid synchronization issues on calculation errors, even
+# with the read timeout
+init()
+{
+ coproc BC { bc -q 2>&1; }
+ # set scale
+ printf "scale = 10\n" >&${BC[1]}
+ # bash automatically sets BC_PID to the coproc pid; we store it so we
+ # can be sure to use it even after bash reaps the coproc and unsets
+ # the variables
+ coproc_pid=$BC_PID
+}
+
+# not strictly necessary; the pipes will be closed when the program exits
+# but we can use it in reset() below
+fini()
+{
+ eval exec "${BC[1]}>&- ${BC[0]}<&-"
+}
+
+reset()
+{
+ fini # close the old pipes
+
+ sleep 1
+ kill -1 $coproc_pid >/dev/null 2>&1 # make sure the coproc is dead
+ unset coproc_pid
+
+ init
+}
+
+# set a read timeout of a half second to avoid synchronization problems
+calc()
+{
+ printf "%s\n" "$1" >&${BC[1]}
+ read -t 0.5 ANSWER <&${BC[0]}
+}
+
+init
+
+# if we have command line options, process them as a single expression and
+# print the result. we could just run `bc <<<"scale = 10 ; $*"' and be done
+# with it, but we init the coproc before this and run the calculation through
+# the pipes in case we want to do something else with the answer
+
+if [ $# -gt 0 ] ; then
+ calc "$*"
+ printf "%s\n" "$ANSWER"
+ fini
+ exit 0
+fi
+
+# we don't want to save the history anywhere
+unset HISTFILE
+
+while read -e -p 'equation: ' EQN
+do
+ case "$EQN" in
+ '') continue ;;
+ exit|quit) break ;;
+ reset) reset ; continue ;;
+ esac
+
+ # save to the history list
+ history -s "$EQN"
+
+ # run it through bc
+ calc "$EQN"
+ if [ -n "$ANSWER" ] ; then
+ printf "%s\n" "$ANSWER"
+ fi
+done
+fini
+
+exit 0
lstdin = wait_for (lastpid, 0);
}
else
- lstdin = wait_for_single_pid (lastpid, 0); /* checks bgpids list */
+ {
+ lstdin = wait_for_single_pid (lastpid, 0); /* checks bgpids list */
+ if (lstdin > 256) /* error sentinel */
+ lstdin = 127;
+ }
#else
lstdin = wait_for (lastpid, 0);
#endif
{
if (flags & JWAIT_PERROR)
internal_error (_("wait: pid %ld is not a child of this shell"), (long)pid);
- return (127);
+ return (257);
}
alive = 0;
if (ps)
{
ps->pid = pid;
- ps->status = (r < 0) ? 127 : r;
+ ps->status = (r < 0 || r > 256) ? 127 : r;
}
if (r == -1 && errno == ECHILD)
{
result = killpg (pid, sig);
/* If we're killing using job control notification, for example,
without job control active, we have to do things ourselves. */
- else if (jobs[job]->pgrp == shell_pgrp)
+ else if (jobs[job]->pgrp == shell_pgrp) /* XXX - IS_JOBCONTROL(job) == 0? */
{
p = jobs[job]->pipe;
do
static void wdequote_pathname PARAMS((char *));
static void dequote_pathname PARAMS((char *));
#else
-# define dequote_pathname udequote_pathname
+# define dequote_pathname(p) udequote_pathname(p)
#endif
static int glob_testdir PARAMS((char *, int));
static char **glob_dir_to_array PARAMS((char *, char **, int));
#define MALLOC_WRAPFUNCS
+/* If defined, as it is by default, use the lesscore() function to attempt
+ to reduce the top of the heap when freeing memory blocks larger than a
+ defined threshold. */
+#define USE_LESSCORE
+
/* Generic pointer type. */
#ifndef PTR_T
# if defined (__STDC__)
#endif
}
+#if defined (USE_LESSCORE)
/* Return some memory to the system by reducing the break. This is only
called with NU > pagebucket, so we're always assured of giving back
more than one page of memory. */
_mstats.nlesscore[nu]++;
#endif
}
+#endif /* USE_LESSCORE */
/* Ask system for more memory; add to NEXTF[NU]. BUSY[NU] must be set to 1. */
static void
}
#endif
-#if GLIBC21
- if (nunits >= LESSCORE_MIN && ((char *)p + binsize(nunits) == sbrk (0)))
-#else
+#if defined (USE_LESSCORE)
+ /* We take care of the mmap case and munmap above */
if (nunits >= LESSCORE_MIN && ((char *)p + binsize(nunits) == memtop))
-#endif
{
/* If above LESSCORE_FRC, give back unconditionally. This should be set
high enough to be infrequently encountered. If between LESSCORE_MIN
goto free_return;
}
}
+#endif /* USE_LESSCORE */
#ifdef MEMSCRAMBLE
if (p->mh_nbytes)
}
/* Make sure application hooks can see whether we saw EOF. */
- if (rl_eof_found = eof)
- RL_SETSTATE(RL_STATE_EOF);
+ if (eof > 0)
+ {
+ rl_eof_found = eof;
+ RL_SETSTATE(RL_STATE_EOF);
+ }
if (rl_done)
{
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
+#include <locale.h>
#if defined (HAVE_STRING_H)
# include <string.h>
@{
char *line, *s;
+ setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+
progname = argv[0];
initialize_readline (); /* Bind our completer. */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <termios.h> /* xxx - should make this more general */
+#include <locale.h>
+
#ifdef READLINE_LIBRARY
# include "readline.h"
#else
{
fd_set fds;
+ setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+
/* Adjust the terminal slightly before the handler is installed. Disable
* canonical mode processing and set the input character time flag to be
* non-blocking.
# include <readline/history.h>
#endif
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
+int
main (argc, argv)
int argc;
char **argv;
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
+#include <locale.h>
+
/* Standard readline include files. */
#if defined (READLINE_LIBRARY)
# include "readline.h"
extern int errno;
static void cb_linehandler (char *);
+static void signandler (int);
-int running;
+int running, sigwinch_received;
const char *prompt = "rltest$ ";
+/* Handle SIGWINCH and window size changes when readline is not active and
+ reading a character. */
+static void
+sighandler (int sig)
+{
+ sigwinch_received = 1;
+}
+
/* Callback function called for each line when accept-line executed, EOF
seen, or EOF character read. This sets a flag and returns; it could
also call exit(3). */
fd_set fds;
int r;
+ setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+
+ /* Handle SIGWINCH */
+ signal (SIGWINCH, sighandler);
+
/* Install the line handler. */
rl_callback_handler_install (prompt, cb_linehandler);
rl_callback_handler_remove ();
break;
}
+ if (sigwinch_received)
+ {
+ rl_resize_terminal ();
+ sigwinch_received = 0;
+ }
+ if (r < 0)
+ continue;
if (FD_ISSET (fileno (rl_instream), &fds))
rl_callback_read_char ();
extern void exit();
#endif
+#ifdef HAVE_LOCALE_H
+# include <locale.h>
+#endif
+
#if defined (READLINE_LIBRARY)
# include "posixstat.h"
# include "readline.h"
else
progname++;
+#ifdef HAVE_SETLOCALE
+ setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+#endif
+
/* defaults */
prompt = "readline$ ";
fd = nch = 0;
extern void exit();
#endif
+#ifdef HAVE_LOCALE_H
+# include <locale.h>
+#endif
+
#ifndef errno
extern int errno;
#endif
char *temp;
int opt, Vflag, Nflag;
+#ifdef HAVE_SETLOCALE
+ setlocale (LC_ALL, ""):
+#endif
+
progname = strrchr(argv[0], '/');
if (progname == 0)
progname = argv[0];
extern void exit();
#endif
+#ifdef HAVE_LOCALE_H
+# include <locale.h>
+#endif
+
#ifdef READLINE_LIBRARY
# include "readline.h"
# include "history.h"
char *temp, *prompt;
int done;
+#ifdef HAVE_SETLOCALE
+ setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+#endif
+
temp = (char *)NULL;
prompt = "readline$ ";
done = 0;
# define O_NDELAY O_NONBLOCK /* Posix style */
#endif
-#if defined (HAVE_PSELECT)
+#if defined (HAVE_PSELECT) || defined (HAVE_SELECT)
extern sigset_t _rl_orig_sigset;
#endif
# endif
void
bcopy (s,d,n)
- char *d, *s;
- int n;
+ void *d, *s;
+ size_t n;
{
FASTCOPY (s, d, n);
}
# endif
void
bzero (s, n)
- char *s;
- int n;
+ void *s;
+ size_t n;
{
register int i;
register char *r;
int
gethostname (name, namelen)
char *name;
- int namelen;
+ size_t namelen;
{
int i;
struct utsname ut;
int
gethostname (name, namelen)
char *name;
- int namelen;
+ size_t namelen;
{
strncpy (name, "unknown", namelen);
name[namelen] = '\0';
int
mkfifo (path, mode)
char *path;
- int mode;
+ mode_t mode;
{
#if defined (S_IFIFO)
return (mknod (path, (mode | S_IFIFO), 0));
* shmatch.c -- shell interface to posix regular expression matching.
*/
-/* Copyright (C) 2003-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Copyright (C) 2003-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
extern int glob_ignore_case, match_ignore_case;
+#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
+extern SHELL_VAR *builtin_find_indexed_array (char *, int);
+#endif
+
int
sh_regmatch (string, pattern, flags)
const char *string;
/* Store the parenthesized subexpressions in the array BASH_REMATCH.
Element 0 is the portion that matched the entire regexp. Element 1
is the part that matched the first subexpression, and so on. */
- unbind_variable_noref ("BASH_REMATCH");
+#if 1
+ unbind_global_variable_noref ("BASH_REMATCH");
rematch = make_new_array_variable ("BASH_REMATCH");
- amatch = array_cell (rematch);
+#else
+ /* TAG:bash-5.3 */
+ rematch = builtin_find_indexed_array ("BASH_REMATCH", 1);
+#endif
+ amatch = rematch ? array_cell (rematch) : (ARRAY *)0;
- if (matches && (flags & SHMAT_SUBEXP) && result == EXECUTION_SUCCESS && subexp_str)
+ if (matches && amatch && (flags & SHMAT_SUBEXP) && result == EXECUTION_SUCCESS && subexp_str)
{
for (subexp_ind = 0; subexp_ind <= regex.re_nsub; subexp_ind++)
{
ri = *rindp;
c = s[*sindp];
+#if defined (HANDLE_MULTIBYTE)
send = (locale_mb_cur_max > 1) ? s + slen : 0;
+#else
+ send = 0;
+#endif
if (SAFECHAR (c))
{
ret[ri++] = UNCTRL (c);
si++;
}
+#if defined (HANDLE_MULTIBYTE)
else if (locale_utf8locale && (c & 0x80))
COPY_CHAR_I (ret, ri, s, send, si);
else if (locale_mb_cur_max > 1 && is_basic (c) == 0)
COPY_CHAR_I (ret, ri, s, send, si);
+#endif
else if (META_CHAR (c))
{
ret[ri++] = 'M';
int delim;
int unbuffered_read;
{
- int nr, retval;
+ int retval;
+ size_t nr;
char *line, c;
if (lineptr == 0 || n == 0 || (*lineptr == 0 && *n != 0))
int rval;
char lbuf[ZBUFSIZ];
char *result;
- int rsize, rind;
+ size_t rsize, rind;
rval = 0;
result = (char *)xmalloc (rsize = ZBUFSIZ);
--- /dev/null
+dnl Copyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+dnl Make sure we replace strtoimax if we don't have a declaration
+dnl We can use this as a template for future function checks
+
+AC_DEFUN([BASH_FUNC_STRTOIMAX], [
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([for usable strtoimax])
+AC_CACHE_VAL(bash_cv_func_strtoimax,
+[
+ HAVE_STRTOIMAX=0 HAVE_DECL_STRTOIMAX=0
+
+ AC_CHECK_FUNCS([strtoimax])
+ AC_CHECK_DECLS([strtoimax])
+
+ if test "$ac_cv_func_strtoimax" = "yes" ; then
+ HAVE_STRTOIMAX=1
+ fi
+ if test "$ac_cv_have_decl_strtoimax" = "yes" ; then
+ HAVE_DECL_STRTOIMAX=1
+ fi
+
+ if test "$HAVE_STRTOIMAX" = 0 || test "$HAVE_DECL_STRTOIMAX" = 0 ; then
+ bash_cv_func_strtoimax=no REPLACE_STRTOIMAX=1
+ else
+ bash_cv_func_strtoimax=yes
+ fi
+])
+AC_MSG_RESULT($bash_cv_func_strtoimax)
+if test $bash_cv_func_strtoimax = yes; then
+AC_LIBOBJ(strtoimax)
+fi
+])
if (pstatus == PROC_BAD)
{
internal_error (_("wait: pid %ld is not a child of this shell"), (long)pid);
- return (127);
+ return (257);
}
if (pstatus != PROC_STILL_ALIVE)
static char *token = (char *)NULL;
/* Current size of the token buffer. */
-static int token_buffer_size;
+static size_t token_buffer_size;
/* Command to read_token () explaining what we want it to do. */
#define READ 0
pushed_string_list = (STRING_SAVER *)NULL;
/* State flags we don't want to persist into command substitutions. */
- parser_state &= ~(PST_REGEXP|PST_EXTPAT|PST_CONDCMD|PST_CONDEXPR);
+ parser_state &= ~(PST_REGEXP|PST_EXTPAT|PST_CONDCMD|PST_CONDEXPR|PST_COMPASSIGN);
+ /* Could do PST_CASESTMT too, but that also affects history. Setting
+ expecting_in_token below should take care of the parsing requirements.
+ Unsetting PST_REDIRLIST isn't strictly necessary because of how we set
+ token_to_read below, but we do it anyway. */
+ parser_state &= ~(PST_CASEPAT|PST_ALEXPNEXT|PST_SUBSHELL|PST_REDIRLIST);
/* State flags we want to set for this run through the parser. */
parser_state |= PST_CMDSUBST|PST_EOFTOKEN|PST_NOEXPAND;
else if (r != 0)
{
/* parser_error (start_lineno, _("could not parse command substitution")); */
- jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
+ /* Non-interactive shells exit on parse error in a command substitution. */
+ if (last_command_exit_value == 0)
+ last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ set_exit_status (last_command_exit_value);
+ if (interactive_shell == 0)
+ jump_to_top_level (FORCE_EOF); /* This is like reader_loop() */
+ else
+ jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
}
if (current_token != shell_eof_token)
clear_shell_input_line (); /* XXX */
if (bash_input.type != st_string) /* paranoia */
parser_state &= ~(PST_CMDSUBST|PST_EOFTOKEN);
- jump_to_top_level (-nc); /* XXX */
+ if ((flags & SX_NOLONGJMP) == 0)
+ jump_to_top_level (-nc); /* XXX */
}
/* Need to find how many characters parse_string() consumed, update
const char *whom;
{
WORD_LIST *wl;
- int tok, orig_current_token, orig_line_number, orig_input_terminator;
- int orig_line_count, orig_parser_state;
- int old_echo_input, old_expand_aliases, ea;
-#if defined (HISTORY)
- int old_remember_on_history, old_history_expansion_inhibited;
-#endif
+ int tok, orig_current_token, orig_line_number;
+ int orig_parser_state;
+ sh_parser_state_t ps;
+ int ea;
#if defined (HISTORY)
- old_remember_on_history = remember_on_history;
-# if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
- old_history_expansion_inhibited = history_expansion_inhibited;
-# endif
bash_history_disable ();
#endif
orig_line_number = line_number;
- orig_line_count = current_command_line_count;
- orig_input_terminator = shell_input_line_terminator;
- old_echo_input = echo_input_at_read;
- old_expand_aliases = expand_aliases;
+ save_parser_state (&ps);
push_stream (1);
if (ea = expanding_alias ())
parser_save_alias ();
- last_read_token = WORD; /* WORD to allow reserved words here */
+
+ /* WORD to avoid parsing reserved words as themselves and just parse them as
+ WORDs. */
+ last_read_token = WORD;
+
current_command_line_count = 0;
echo_input_at_read = expand_aliases = 0;
if (flags & 1)
{
- orig_parser_state = parser_state;
- parser_state |= PST_COMPASSIGN|PST_REPARSE;
+ orig_parser_state = parser_state; /* XXX - not needed? */
+ /* State flags we don't want to persist into compound assignments. */
parser_state &= ~PST_NOEXPAND; /* parse_comsub sentinel */
+ /* State flags we want to set for this run through the tokenizer. */
+ parser_state |= PST_COMPASSIGN|PST_REPARSE;
}
while ((tok = read_token (READ)) != yacc_EOF)
if (ea)
parser_restore_alias ();
-#if defined (HISTORY)
- remember_on_history = old_remember_on_history;
-# if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
- history_expansion_inhibited = old_history_expansion_inhibited;
-# endif /* BANG_HISTORY */
-#endif /* HISTORY */
-
- echo_input_at_read = old_echo_input;
- expand_aliases = old_expand_aliases;
-
- current_command_line_count = orig_line_count;
- shell_input_line_terminator = orig_input_terminator;
+ restore_parser_state (&ps);
if (flags & 1)
- parser_state = orig_parser_state;
+ parser_state = orig_parser_state; /* XXX - not needed? */
if (wl == &parse_string_error)
{
int *retlenp;
{
WORD_LIST *wl, *rl;
- int tok, orig_line_number, orig_token_size, orig_last_token, assignok;
- int orig_parser_state;
- char *saved_token, *ret;
+ int tok, orig_line_number, assignok;
+ sh_parser_state_t ps;
+ char *ret;
- saved_token = token;
- orig_token_size = token_buffer_size;
orig_line_number = line_number;
- orig_last_token = last_read_token;
- orig_parser_state = parser_state;
+ save_parser_state (&ps);
- last_read_token = WORD; /* WORD to allow reserved words here */
+ /* WORD to avoid parsing reserved words as themselves and just parse them as
+ WORDs. Plus it means we won't be in a command position and so alias
+ expansion won't happen. */
+ last_read_token = WORD;
token = (char *)NULL;
token_buffer_size = 0;
+ wl = (WORD_LIST *)NULL; /* ( */
assignok = parser_state&PST_ASSIGNOK; /* XXX */
- wl = (WORD_LIST *)NULL; /* ( */
- orig_parser_state = parser_state;
- parser_state &= ~PST_NOEXPAND;
+ /* State flags we don't want to persist into compound assignments. */
+ parser_state &= ~(PST_NOEXPAND|PST_CONDCMD|PST_CONDEXPR|PST_REGEXP|PST_EXTPAT);
+ /* State flags we want to set for this run through the tokenizer. */
parser_state |= PST_COMPASSIGN;
+ esacs_needed_count = expecting_in_token = 0;
+
while ((tok = read_token (READ)) != ')')
{
if (tok == '\n') /* Allow newlines in compound assignments */
wl = make_word_list (yylval.word, wl);
}
- FREE (token);
- token = saved_token;
- token_buffer_size = orig_token_size;
-
- parser_state = orig_parser_state;
+ restore_parser_state (&ps);
if (wl == &parse_string_error)
{
jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
}
- last_read_token = orig_last_token; /* XXX - was WORD? */
-
if (wl)
{
rl = REVERSE_LIST (wl, WORD_LIST *);
static void ignore_globbed_names PARAMS((char **, sh_ignore_func_t *));
static char *split_ignorespec PARAMS((char *, int *));
-#if defined (USE_POSIX_GLOB_LIBRARY)
-# include <glob.h>
-typedef int posix_glob_errfunc_t PARAMS((const char *, int));
-#else
-# include <glob/glob.h>
-#endif
+#include <glob/glob.h>
/* Control whether * matches .files in globbing. */
int glob_dot_filenames;
const char *pathname;
int qflags;
{
-#if defined (USE_POSIX_GLOB_LIBRARY)
- register int i;
- char *temp, **results;
- glob_t filenames;
- int glob_flags;
-
- temp = quote_string_for_globbing (pathname, QGLOB_FILENAME|qflags);
-
- filenames.gl_offs = 0;
-
-# if defined (GLOB_PERIOD)
- glob_flags = glob_dot_filenames ? GLOB_PERIOD : 0;
-# else
- glob_flags = 0;
-# endif /* !GLOB_PERIOD */
-
- glob_flags |= (GLOB_ERR | GLOB_DOOFFS);
-
- i = glob (temp, glob_flags, (posix_glob_errfunc_t *)NULL, &filenames);
-
- free (temp);
-
- if (i == GLOB_NOSPACE || i == GLOB_ABORTED)
- return ((char **)NULL);
- else if (i == GLOB_NOMATCH)
- filenames.gl_pathv = (char **)NULL;
- else if (i != 0) /* other error codes not in POSIX.2 */
- filenames.gl_pathv = (char **)NULL;
-
- results = filenames.gl_pathv;
-
- if (results && ((GLOB_FAILED (results)) == 0))
- {
- if (should_ignore_glob_matches ())
- ignore_glob_matches (results);
- if (results && results[0])
- strvec_sort (results, 1); /* posix sort */
- else
- {
- FREE (results);
- results = (char **)NULL;
- }
- }
-
- return (results);
-
-#else /* !USE_POSIX_GLOB_LIBRARY */
-
char *temp, **results;
int gflags, quoted_pattern;
}
return (results);
-#endif /* !USE_POSIX_GLOB_LIBRARY */
}
/* Stuff for GLOBIGNORE. */
#if !defined (_PATHEXP_H_)
#define _PATHEXP_H_
-#if defined (USE_POSIX_GLOB_LIBRARY)
-# define GLOB_FAILED(glist) !(glist)
-#else /* !USE_POSIX_GLOB_LIBRARY */
-# define GLOB_FAILED(glist) (glist) == (char **)&glob_error_return
+#define GLOB_FAILED(glist) (glist) == (char **)&glob_error_return
+
extern int noglob_dot_filenames;
extern char *glob_error_return;
-#endif /* !USE_POSIX_GLOB_LIBRARY */
/* Flag values for quote_string_for_globbing */
#define QGLOB_CVTNULL 0x01 /* convert QUOTED_NULL strings to '\0' */
sl->list[i] = savestring (vlist[i]->name);
sl->list[sl->list_len = n] = (char *)NULL;
itp->slist = sl;
+ free (vlist);
}
static int
TEXT as a match prefix, or just go without? Currently, the code does not
use TEXT, just globs CS->globpat and returns the results. If we do decide
to use TEXT, we should call quote_string_for_globbing before the call to
- glob_filename. */
+ glob_filename (in which case we could use shell_glob_filename). */
static STRINGLIST *
gen_globpat_matches (cs, text)
COMPSPEC *cs;
const char *text;
{
STRINGLIST *sl;
+ int gflags;
sl = strlist_create (0);
- sl->list = glob_filename (cs->globpat, 0);
+ gflags = glob_star ? GX_GLOBSTAR : 0;
+ sl->list = glob_filename (cs->globpat, gflags);
if (GLOB_FAILED (sl->list))
sl->list = (char **)NULL;
if (sl->list)
-# Mesajele în limba română pentru pachetul bash
+# Mesajele în limba română pentru pachetul bash.
# Copyright (C) 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the bash package.
+#
# Eugen Hoanca <eugenh@urban-grafx.ro>, 2003.
# Daniel Șerbănescu <daniel@serbanescu.dk>, 2019.
+# Remus-Gabriel Chelu <remusgabriel.chelu@disroot.org>, 2022.
+#
+# Cronologia traducerii fișierului „bash”:
+# Traducerea inițială, făcută de EH, pentru versiunea bash 3.2 (19% - tradus).
+# Actualizare a traducerii pentru versiunea 4.0, făcută de EH (24% - tradus).
+# Actualizare a traducerii pentru versiunea 5.0, făcută de DȘ (29% - tradus).
+# Actualizare a traducerii pentru versiunea 5.1, făcută de R-GC (100% - tradus).
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: bash 5.1\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-11-28 12:51-0500\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-12-16 15:48+0100\n"
-"Last-Translator: Daniel Șerbănescu <daniel@serbanescu.dk>\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2022-05-30 00:19+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Remus-Gabriel Chelu <remusgabriel.chelu@disroot.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Romanian <translation-team-ro@lists.sourceforge.net>\n"
"Language: ro\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n==1 ? 0 : (n==0 || ((n%100) > 0 && (n%100) < 20)) ? 1 : 2);\n"
"X-Bugs: Report translation errors to the Language-Team address.\n"
-"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n==1 ? 0 : n==0 || (n!=1 && n%100>=1 && n%100<=19) ? 1 : 2);\n"
-"X-Generator: Poedit 3.0\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 3.0.1\n"
"X-Poedit-SourceCharset: UTF-8\n"
#: arrayfunc.c:66
msgid "bad array subscript"
-msgstr "incluziune greșită în interval"
+msgstr "indice de matrice greșit"
#: arrayfunc.c:421 builtins/declare.def:638 variables.c:2274 variables.c:2300
#: variables.c:3133
#, c-format
msgid "%s: removing nameref attribute"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: se elimină atributul nameref"
#: arrayfunc.c:446 builtins/declare.def:851
#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot convert indexed to associative array"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: nu se poate converti matricea indexată în asociativă"
#: arrayfunc.c:700
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid associative array key"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: cheie de matrice asociativă nevalidă"
#: arrayfunc.c:702
#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot assign to non-numeric index"
-msgstr "%s: nu se poate atribui către index ne-numeric"
+msgstr "%s: nu se poate atribui la index ne-numeric"
#: arrayfunc.c:747
#, c-format
msgid "%s: %s: must use subscript when assigning associative array"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: %s: trebuie să fie folosit un indice atunci când se atribuie unei matrice asociative"
#: bashhist.c:452
#, c-format
#: bashline.c:4310
msgid "bash_execute_unix_command: cannot find keymap for command"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "bash_execute_unix_command: nu se poate găsi combinația de taste pentru comandă"
#: bashline.c:4459
#, c-format
msgid "%s: first non-whitespace character is not `\"'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: primul caracter care nu este spațiu în alb nu este «\"» (ghilimele duble)"
#: bashline.c:4488
#, c-format
msgid "no closing `%c' in %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nu se închide „%c” în %s"
#: bashline.c:4519
#, c-format
msgid "%s: missing colon separator"
-msgstr "%s: lipsește separatorul două puncte"
+msgstr "%s: lipsește separatorul două puncte (:)"
#: bashline.c:4555
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: command not found"
+#, c-format
msgid "`%s': cannot unbind in command keymap"
-msgstr "%s: comandă negăsită"
+msgstr "„%s”: nu se poate înlătura combinația de taste atribuită la comandă"
+# Aici, trebuie folosit forma de plural, așa cum am făcut-o, sau cea de singular:
+# extindere (de) acoladă?
#: braces.c:327
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: cannot allocate memory for %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "expansiunea de acolade: nu se poate aloca memorie pentru %s"
#: braces.c:406
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for %u elements"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "expansiunea de acolade: a eșuat alocarea memoriei pentru %u elemente"
#: braces.c:451
#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for `%s'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "expansiunea de acolade: a eșuat alocarea memoriei pentru „%s”"
#: builtins/alias.def:131 variables.c:1844
#, c-format
#: builtins/bind.def:122 builtins/bind.def:125
msgid "line editing not enabled"
-msgstr "sfârșitul de linie nu este activat"
+msgstr "editarea liniilor nu este activată"
#: builtins/bind.def:212
#, c-format
msgid "`%s': invalid keymap name"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "`%s': nume de combinație de taste nevalid"
#: builtins/bind.def:252
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: cannot create: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot read: %s"
-msgstr "%s: nu s-a putut crea: %s"
+msgstr "%s: nu s-a putut citii: %s"
#: builtins/bind.def:328 builtins/bind.def:358
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: readonly function"
+#, c-format
msgid "`%s': unknown function name"
-msgstr "%s: funcție doar în citire (readonly)"
+msgstr "„%s”: nume de funcție necunoscut"
#: builtins/bind.def:336
#, c-format
#: builtins/bind.def:340
#, c-format
msgid "%s can be invoked via "
-msgstr "%s poate fi invocat prin "
+msgstr "%s poate fi invocat via "
#: builtins/bind.def:378 builtins/bind.def:395
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: command not found"
+#, c-format
msgid "`%s': cannot unbind"
-msgstr "%s: comandă negăsită"
+msgstr "„%s”: atribuirea nu poate fi ștearsă"
#: builtins/break.def:77 builtins/break.def:119
msgid "loop count"
" The value of EXPR indicates how many call frames to go back before the\n"
" current one; the top frame is frame 0."
msgstr ""
+"Returnează contextul apelului subrutinei curente.\n"
+" \n"
+" Fără EXPR, returnează „$linie $nume_fișier”. Cu EXPR, returnează\n"
+" „$linie $subrutină $nume_fișier”; aceste informații suplimentare pot să fie\n"
+" folosite pentru a furniza o urmărire a stivei.\n"
+" \n"
+" Valoarea EXPR indică cîte cadre de apel trebuie să se întoarcă înaintea celui\n"
+" curent; cadrul superior este cadrul 0."
#: builtins/cd.def:327
msgid "HOME not set"
-msgstr "HOME nu este stabilit"
+msgstr "variabila $HOME nu este definită"
#: builtins/cd.def:335 builtins/common.c:161 test.c:901
msgid "too many arguments"
#: builtins/cd.def:342
msgid "null directory"
-msgstr "director null"
+msgstr "director nul"
#: builtins/cd.def:353
msgid "OLDPWD not set"
-msgstr "OLDPWD nu este stabilit"
+msgstr "variabila $OLDPWD nu este definită"
#: builtins/common.c:96
#, c-format
#: builtins/common.c:193 shell.c:516 shell.c:844
#, c-format
msgid "%s: option requires an argument"
-msgstr "%s: opțiunea necesită un parametru"
+msgstr "%s: opțiunea necesită un argument"
#: builtins/common.c:200
#, c-format
msgstr "%s: argument numeric necesar"
#: builtins/common.c:207
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: command not found"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: not found"
-msgstr "%s: comandă negăsită"
+msgstr "%s: nu s-a găsit"
#: builtins/common.c:216 shell.c:857
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%c%c: bad option"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid option"
-msgstr "%c%c: opțiune invalidă"
+msgstr "%s: opțiune nevalidă"
#: builtins/common.c:223
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%c%c: bad option"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid option name"
-msgstr "%c%c: opțiune invalidă"
+msgstr "%s: nume de opțiune nevalid"
#: builtins/common.c:230 execute_cmd.c:2373 general.c:368 general.c:373
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "`%s' is not a valid identifier"
+#, c-format
msgid "`%s': not a valid identifier"
-msgstr "`%s' nu este un identificator valid"
+msgstr "„%s” nu este un identificator valid"
#: builtins/common.c:240
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "bad signal number"
msgid "invalid octal number"
-msgstr "număr de semnal invalid"
+msgstr "număr octal nevalid"
#: builtins/common.c:242
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "bad signal number"
msgid "invalid hex number"
-msgstr "număr de semnal invalid"
+msgstr "număr hexazecimal nevalid"
#: builtins/common.c:244 expr.c:1569
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "bad signal number"
msgid "invalid number"
-msgstr "număr de semnal invalid"
+msgstr "număr nevalid"
#: builtins/common.c:252
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid signal specification"
-msgstr ""
-
+msgstr "%s: specificație de semnal nevalidă"
+
+# spec = specificare
+# sau
+# spec = specificație
+# ???
+# de rezolvat
+# ------------------------------------
+# Opinii/Idei?
+# ***
+# după revizarea fișierului, DȘ, spune:
+# 1. „→ și eu aș păstra specificație aici și în restul fișierului”
+# ===
+# Ok, rămînem cu «spec, specification = specificație»
+# .
+# 2. → iar job spec l-aș traduce cu „specificația serviciului” (fiind vorba de un proces care rulează pe computer)
+# ===
+# am tradus «job spec» ca specificație de lucru,
+# datorită faptului că «job-urile», nu sunt
+# întotdeauna niște servicii, și mai ales datorită
+# faptului că adesea sunt o pleiadă de procese,
+# grupate (cel mai adesea un proces părinte
+# cu fii săi), alteori un grup de procese
+# interacționate.
#: builtins/common.c:259
#, c-format
msgid "`%s': not a pid or valid job spec"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "„%s”: nu este un pid sau o specificație validă de lucru"
#: builtins/common.c:266 error.c:510
#, c-format
msgid "%s: readonly variable"
-msgstr "%s: variabilă doar în citire"
+msgstr "%s: variabilă protejată la scriere"
#: builtins/common.c:274
#, c-format
msgid "%s: %s out of range"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: %s în afara intervalului"
#: builtins/common.c:274 builtins/common.c:276
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "argument expected"
msgid "argument"
-msgstr "se așteaptă parametru"
+msgstr "argument"
#: builtins/common.c:276
#, c-format
msgid "%s out of range"
-msgstr ""
-
+msgstr "%s în afara intervalului"
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# după revizarea fișierului, DȘ, spune:
+# «→ la fel și aici, și la următoarele apariții ale lui job, → „nu există asemenea serviciu”»
+# ===
+# am tradus «job» ca lucrare, datorită faptului
+# că «job-urile», nu sunt întotdeauna niște
+# servicii, și mai ales datorită faptului că
+# adesea sunt o pleiadă de procese, grupate
+# (cel mai adesea un proces părinte cu fii săi),
+# alteori un grup de procese interacționate.
#: builtins/common.c:284
#, c-format
msgid "%s: no such job"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: nu există această lucrare"
#: builtins/common.c:292
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "no job control in this shell"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: no job control"
-msgstr "nici un control de job în acest shell"
+msgstr "%s: nu există un control de lucrări"
#: builtins/common.c:294
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "no job control in this shell"
msgid "no job control"
-msgstr "nici un control de job în acest shell"
+msgstr "nu există un control de lucrări"
#: builtins/common.c:304
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: job has terminated"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: restricted"
-msgstr "%s: jobul a fost terminat"
+msgstr "%s: restricționat"
#: builtins/common.c:306
msgid "restricted"
-msgstr ""
-
+msgstr "restricționat"
+
+# R-GC, întreabă:
+# Ce facem cu „Shell”?
+# Cum îl traducem?
+# ***
+# după revizarea fișierului, DȘ, spune:
+# „→ mă trem că „shell” ar trebui să rămână tot „shell”: https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_(informatic%C4%83)”
+# ===
+# Mda, un răspuns la care mă așteptam; ca un
+# fapt divers: nici alte echipe de traducători,
+# n-au reușit să „translate” «shell» în altceva
+# decît în «shell», au fost încercări (traduceri
+# reale) → scoică, cochilie, carapace sau
+# ambalaj; cu toate că unele dintre ele, au
+# avut oarecare succes, niciuna n-a rezistat
+# cu trecerea timpului.
#: builtins/common.c:314
#, c-format
msgid "%s: not a shell builtin"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: nu este o comandă internă"
#: builtins/common.c:323
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "pipe error: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "write error: %s"
-msgstr "eroare de legătură (pipe): %s"
+msgstr "eroare de scriere: %s"
#: builtins/common.c:331
#, c-format
msgid "error setting terminal attributes: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "eroare la configurarea atributelor terminalului: %s"
#: builtins/common.c:333
#, c-format
msgid "error getting terminal attributes: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "eroare la obținerea atributelor terminalului: %s"
+# - Eroare la preluarea...
+# - Eroare la obținerea...
+# - Eroare la recuperarea...
+# Am ales prima variantă, dar este cea mai bună,
+# în contextul dat?
#: builtins/common.c:635
#, c-format
msgid "%s: error retrieving current directory: %s: %s\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: eroare la preluarea directorului curent: %s: %s\n"
#: builtins/common.c:701 builtins/common.c:703
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: Ambiguous redirect"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: ambiguous job spec"
-msgstr "%s: Redirectare ambiguă"
+msgstr "%s: specificație de lucrare, ambiguă"
#: builtins/common.c:964
msgid "help not available in this version"
-msgstr ""
-
+msgstr "ajutorul nu este disponibil în această versiune"
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# după revizarea fișierului, DȘ, spune:
+# „→ ce zici de „readonly” = „protejat la scriere” (cam lung dar parcă este mai sugestiv)”
+# ===
+# nu cred c-ar fi o problemă asta, odată ce face
+# ca mesajul să fie mai clar, mai sugestiv; dar
+# cred că introduce o întrebare:
+# de cine/contra cui este protejat?
+# ***
+# cel puțin de moment, dacă nu definitiv, voi
+# aplica sugestia făcută, asupra acestui mesaj
+# și aaltora asemănătoare...
#: builtins/common.c:1008 builtins/set.def:953 variables.c:3839
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: cannot create: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot unset: readonly %s"
-msgstr "%s: nu s-a putut crea: %s"
+msgstr "%s: nu se poate deconfigura: %s este protejat la scriere"
#: builtins/common.c:1013 builtins/set.def:932 variables.c:3844
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: cannot create: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot unset"
-msgstr "%s: nu s-a putut crea: %s"
+msgstr "%s: nu se poate deconfigura"
#: builtins/complete.def:287
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid action name"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: nume de acțiune nevalid"
+# Întrebare:
+# nicio...
+# sau
+# nu există (o)...
#: builtins/complete.def:486 builtins/complete.def:634
#: builtins/complete.def:865
#, c-format
msgid "%s: no completion specification"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: nicio specificație de completare"
#: builtins/complete.def:688
msgid "warning: -F option may not work as you expect"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "avertisment: este posibil ca opțiunea „-F” să nu funcționeze așa cum vă așteptați"
#: builtins/complete.def:690
msgid "warning: -C option may not work as you expect"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "avertisment: este posibil ca opțiunea „-C” să nu funcționeze așa cum vă așteptați"
+# Întrebare:
+# - În prezent ...
+# - În acest moment ...
+# - În momentul actual ...
+# este formula adecvată contextului?
#: builtins/complete.def:838
msgid "not currently executing completion function"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "în prezent funcția de completare nu rulează"
#: builtins/declare.def:134
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "can only be used within a function; it makes the variable NAME"
msgid "can only be used in a function"
-msgstr "poate fi folosit doar într-o funcție, și face ca variabila NUME"
+msgstr "poate fi folosit doar într-o funcție"
#: builtins/declare.def:363 builtins/declare.def:756
#, c-format
msgid "%s: reference variable cannot be an array"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: variabila de referință nu poate fi o matrice"
#: builtins/declare.def:374 variables.c:3385
#, c-format
msgid "%s: nameref variable self references not allowed"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: nu sunt permise auto-referințele la variabile nameref"
#: builtins/declare.def:379 variables.c:2104 variables.c:3304 variables.c:3312
#: variables.c:3382
#, c-format
msgid "%s: circular name reference"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: referință de nume circulară"
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# după revizarea fișierului, DȘ, spune:
+# „→ cred că s-ar putea pune ghilimele românești”
+# ===
+# corecție aplicată
#: builtins/declare.def:384 builtins/declare.def:762 builtins/declare.def:773
#, c-format
msgid "`%s': invalid variable name for name reference"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "„%s”: nume de variabilă nevalid pentru referință la nume"
#: builtins/declare.def:514
msgid "cannot use `-f' to make functions"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nu se poate utiliza „-f” pentru a face funcții"
#: builtins/declare.def:526 execute_cmd.c:5986
#, c-format
msgid "%s: readonly function"
-msgstr "%s: funcție doar în citire (readonly)"
+msgstr "%s: funcție protejată la scriere"
+# Întrebare:
+# - se poate formula mai bine, de exp.:
+# alocarea matricei compuse, între ghilimele; este perimată-învechită
#: builtins/declare.def:824
#, c-format
msgid "%s: quoted compound array assignment deprecated"
-msgstr ""
-
+msgstr "%s: alocarea de matrice compusă între ghilimele este perimată"
+
+# Problemă:
+# in this way = în acest fel
+# in this way = în acest mod
+# in this way = de această formă
+# Mă refer la această intrare, care dintre cele
+# 3 opțiuni, este cea mai bună?
#: builtins/declare.def:838
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "$%s: cannot assign in this way"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot destroy array variables in this way"
-msgstr "$%s: nu se poate asigna în acest mod"
+msgstr "%s: nu se pot distruge variabilele matrice în acest fel"
#: builtins/declare.def:845 builtins/read.def:815
#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot convert associative to indexed array"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: nu se poate converti o matrice asociativă într-o matrice indexată"
#: builtins/enable.def:143 builtins/enable.def:151
msgid "dynamic loading not available"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "încărcarea dinamică nu este disponibilă"
#: builtins/enable.def:343
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "cannot open named pipe %s for %s: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "cannot open shared object %s: %s"
-msgstr "nu pot deschide legătura numită %s pentru %s: %s"
+msgstr "nu poate deschide obiectul partajat %s: %s"
#: builtins/enable.def:371
#, c-format
msgid "cannot find %s in shared object %s: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nu se poate găsi %s în obiectul partajat %s: %s"
#: builtins/enable.def:388
#, c-format
msgid "%s: dynamic builtin already loaded"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: comanda internă dinamică a «bash», este deja încărcată"
+# De revizat...
#: builtins/enable.def:392
#, c-format
msgid "load function for %s returns failure (%d): not loaded"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "funcția de încărcare pentru %s returnează eroarea (%d): încărcarea a eșuat"
#: builtins/enable.def:517
#, c-format
msgid "%s: not dynamically loaded"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: nu este încărcat dinamic"
#: builtins/enable.def:543
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: cannot create: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot delete: %s"
-msgstr "%s: nu s-a putut crea: %s"
+msgstr "%s: nu se poate șterge: %s"
#: builtins/evalfile.c:138 builtins/hash.def:185 execute_cmd.c:5818
#, c-format
msgid "%s: is a directory"
-msgstr "%s: este director"
+msgstr "%s: este un director"
#: builtins/evalfile.c:144
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: cannot execute binary file"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: not a regular file"
-msgstr "%s: nu se poate executa fișierul binar"
+msgstr "%s: nu este un fișier normal"
#: builtins/evalfile.c:153
#, c-format
msgid "%s: file is too large"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: fișierul este prea mare"
#: builtins/evalfile.c:188 builtins/evalfile.c:206 shell.c:1647
#, c-format
msgstr "%s: nu se poate executa fișierul binar"
#: builtins/exec.def:158 builtins/exec.def:160 builtins/exec.def:246
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: cannot create: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot execute: %s"
-msgstr "%s: nu s-a putut crea: %s"
+msgstr "%s: nu se poate executa: %s"
#: builtins/exit.def:64
#, c-format
#: builtins/exit.def:89
msgid "not login shell: use `exit'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nu este un shell de autentificare: utilizați „exit”"
#: builtins/exit.def:121
#, c-format
msgid "There are stopped jobs.\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Sunt(există) lucrări oprite.\n"
#: builtins/exit.def:123
#, c-format
msgid "There are running jobs.\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Sunt(există) lucrări în execuție.\n"
#: builtins/fc.def:275 builtins/fc.def:373 builtins/fc.def:417
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "%s: command not found"
msgid "no command found"
-msgstr "%s: comandă negăsită"
+msgstr "nu s-a găsit nici-o comandă"
#: builtins/fc.def:363 builtins/fc.def:368 builtins/fc.def:407
#: builtins/fc.def:412
msgid "history specification"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "specificație de istoric"
#: builtins/fc.def:444
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: cannot create: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot open temp file: %s"
-msgstr "%s: nu s-a putut crea: %s"
+msgstr "%s: nu se poate deschide fișierul temporal: %s"
#: builtins/fg_bg.def:152 builtins/jobs.def:284
msgid "current"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "actual"
#: builtins/fg_bg.def:161
#, c-format
msgid "job %d started without job control"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "lucrarea %d a început fără controlul lucrării"
#: builtins/getopt.c:110
#, c-format
msgid "%s: option requires an argument -- %c\n"
msgstr "%s: opțiunea necesită un parametru: -- %c\n"
+# NOTĂ:
+# cred că aceasta este cea mai bună traducere posibilă!
+# Am frunzărit traducerile celorlalte echipe de traducere latine (nu mi-a scăpat niciuna, în afară de cea galiciană, care obligă la descărcarea fișierului pentru al vedea)
+# În cea a echipei spaniole, a tradus mesajul ca:
+# asociación desactivada
+# ce mi s-a părut cea mai apropiată contextului în care apare mesajul:
+# #: builtins/hash.def:91
#: builtins/hash.def:91
msgid "hashing disabled"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "asocierea este desactivată"
#: builtins/hash.def:139
#, c-format
msgid "%s: hash table empty\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: tabelul de asociere este gol\n"
#: builtins/hash.def:267
#, c-format
#: builtins/help.def:133
msgid "Shell commands matching keyword `"
msgid_plural "Shell commands matching keywords `"
-msgstr[0] ""
-msgstr[1] ""
-msgstr[2] ""
+msgstr[0] "Comenzile Shell care se potrivesc cu cuvântul cheie „"
+msgstr[1] "Comenzile Shell care se potrivesc cu cuvintele cheie „"
+msgstr[2] "Comenzile Shell care se potrivesc cu cuvintele cheie „"
#: builtins/help.def:135
msgid ""
"'\n"
"\n"
msgstr ""
+"”\n"
+"\n"
#: builtins/help.def:185
#, c-format
msgid "no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "niciun subiect de ajutor nu se potrivește cu „%s”. Încercați «help help» sau «man -k %s» sau «info %s»."
#: builtins/help.def:224
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: cannot create: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot open: %s"
-msgstr "%s: nu s-a putut crea: %s"
+msgstr "%s: nu se poate deschide: %s"
#: builtins/help.def:524
#, c-format
"A star (*) next to a name means that the command is disabled.\n"
"\n"
msgstr ""
+"Aceste comenzi shell, sunt definite intern. Tastează «help», pentru a vedea\n"
+"această listă.\n"
+"Tastează «help nume_funcție» pentru a afla mai multe despre funcția „nume_funcție”.\n"
+"Utilizați «info bash» pentru a afla mai multe despre shell în general.\n"
+"Utilizați «man -k» sau «info» pentru a afla mai multe despre comenzile care nu\n"
+"sunt în această listă.\n"
+"\n"
+"O stea (*) în dreptul unui nume înseamnă că acea comandă este dezactivată.\n"
+"\n"
+# Propunere:
+# Mă gîndesc dacă n-ar suna mai bine fraza, dacă
+# înlocuiesc „unul” cu „un argument”, așa:
+# nu se poate folosi mai mult de un argument dintre -anrw
#: builtins/history.def:155
msgid "cannot use more than one of -anrw"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nu se poate folosi mai mult de o opțiune dintre „-a, -n, -r sau -w”"
#: builtins/history.def:188 builtins/history.def:198 builtins/history.def:213
#: builtins/history.def:230 builtins/history.def:242 builtins/history.def:249
msgid "history position"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "poziție în registrul istoric al comenzilor"
#: builtins/history.def:340
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid timestamp"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: marcaj de timp nevalid"
#: builtins/history.def:451
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: integer expression expected"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: history expansion failed"
-msgstr "%s: se așteaptă expresie întreagă (integer)"
+msgstr "%s: a eșuat expansiunea istoriei"
#: builtins/inlib.def:71
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: unbound variable"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: inlib failed"
-msgstr "%s: variabilă fără limită"
+msgstr "%s: a eșuat inlib"
#: builtins/jobs.def:109
msgid "no other options allowed with `-x'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nu sunt permise alte opțiuni cu „-x”"
#: builtins/kill.def:211
#, c-format
msgid "%s: arguments must be process or job IDs"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: argumentele trebuie să fie ID-uri de proces sau de lucrări"
#: builtins/kill.def:274
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "Unknown error %d"
msgid "Unknown error"
-msgstr "Eroare necunoscută %d"
+msgstr "Eroare necunoscută"
#: builtins/let.def:97 builtins/let.def:122 expr.c:639 expr.c:657
msgid "expression expected"
#: builtins/mapfile.def:178
#, c-format
msgid "%s: not an indexed array"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: nu este o matrice indexată"
#: builtins/mapfile.def:271 builtins/read.def:308
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid file descriptor specification"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: specificație de descriptor de fișier nevalidă"
#: builtins/mapfile.def:279 builtins/read.def:315
#, c-format
msgid "%d: invalid file descriptor: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%d: descriptor de fișier nevalid: %s"
#: builtins/mapfile.def:288 builtins/mapfile.def:326
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid line count"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: contorizare de linii nevalidă"
#: builtins/mapfile.def:299
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: bad array subscript"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid array origin"
-msgstr "%s:subscriere interval invalid"
+msgstr "%s: origine matrice nevalid"
#: builtins/mapfile.def:316
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid callback quantum"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: cuantum de apel invers nevalid"
#: builtins/mapfile.def:349
msgid "empty array variable name"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nume de variabilă matrice gol"
#: builtins/mapfile.def:370
msgid "array variable support required"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "este necesar suport pentru variabilă matrice"
#: builtins/printf.def:419
#, c-format
msgid "`%s': missing format character"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "„%s”: lipsește caracterul de format"
#: builtins/printf.def:474
#, c-format
msgid "`%c': invalid time format specification"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "„%c”: specificație a formatului de timp nevalidă"
#: builtins/printf.def:676
#, c-format
msgid "`%c': invalid format character"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "„%c”: caracter de format nevalid"
#: builtins/printf.def:702
#, c-format
msgid "warning: %s: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "avertizare: %s: %s"
#: builtins/printf.def:788
#, c-format
msgid "format parsing problem: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "problemă cu analizarea formatului: %s"
#: builtins/printf.def:885
msgid "missing hex digit for \\x"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "lipsește o cifră hexazecimală pentru \\x"
#: builtins/printf.def:900
#, c-format
msgid "missing unicode digit for \\%c"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "lipsește o cifră unicode pentru \\%c"
#: builtins/pushd.def:199
msgid "no other directory"
msgstr "niciun alt director"
#: builtins/pushd.def:360
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s requires an argument"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid argument"
-msgstr "%s necesită un parametru"
+msgstr "%s argument nevalid"
#: builtins/pushd.def:480
msgid "<no current directory>"
#: builtins/pushd.def:524
msgid "directory stack empty"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "stiva de directoare este goală"
#: builtins/pushd.def:526
msgid "directory stack index"
-msgstr ""
-
+msgstr "indexul stivei de directoare"
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# după revizarea fișierului, DȘ, spune:
+# «→ aș pune „directorul personal” în loc de „acasă”»
+# ===
+# nu-mi prea place să amestec numele lucurilor,
+# cu definiția lor, în acest caz:
+# „directorul acasă → directorul personal al utilizatorului”
+# voi face aceasă schimbare, în cazul în care,
+# autorul numește home folder, în loc de
+# home directory
#: builtins/pushd.def:701
msgid ""
"Display the list of currently remembered directories. Directories\n"
" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
"\tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero."
msgstr ""
+"Afișează lista curentă a directoarelor memorate. Directoarele\n"
+" sunt adăugate la această listă cu comanda «pushd» și sunt eliminate din\n"
+" ea, cu comanda «popd».\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -c\tgolește stiva de directoare prin ștergerea tuturor elementelor\n"
+" -l\tnu afișează versiuni scurtate (cu ~) ale directoarelor în raport cu\n"
+" \tdirectorul dumneavoastră «acasă»\n"
+" -p\timprimă stiva de directoare cu o intrare pe linie\n"
+" -v\timprimă stiva de directoare cu o intrare pe linie, prefixată cu poziția\n"
+" \tsa în stivă\n"
+" \n"
+" Argumente:\n"
+" +N\tAfișează a N-a intrare numărând din stânga listei afișate de «dirs»,\n"
+" \tatunci când este invocată fără opțiuni, începând cu zero.\n"
+" \n"
+" -N\tAfișează a N-a intrare numărând din dreapta listei afișate de «dirs»,\n"
+"\tatunci când este invocată fără opțiuni, începând cu zero."
#: builtins/pushd.def:723
msgid ""
" \n"
" The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack."
msgstr ""
+"Adaugă un director în partea de sus a stivei de directoare sau rotește\n"
+" stiva, făcând din noul director din partea de sus a stivei, directorul de\n"
+" lucru curent. Fără argumente, interschimbă primele două directoare.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -n\tSuprimă schimbarea normală a directorului atunci când se\n"
+" \tadaugă directoare la stivă, astfel încât numai stiva este manipulată.\n"
+" \n"
+" Argumente:\n"
+" +N\tRotește stiva astfel încât al N-lea director (numărând din\n"
+" \tstânga listei afișate de «dirs», începând cu zero) să fie în\n"
+" \tpartea de sus.\n"
+" \n"
+" -N\tRotește stiva astfel încât al N-lea director (numărând din\n"
+" \tdreapta listei afișate de «dirs», începând cu zero) să fie în\n"
+" \tpartea de sus.\n"
+" \n"
+" dir\tAdaugă DIR la stiva de directoare din partea de sus,\n"
+" \tfăcându-l noul director de lucru curent.\n"
+" \n"
+" Comanda internă «dirs» arată stiva curentă de directoare."
#: builtins/pushd.def:748
msgid ""
" \n"
" The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack."
msgstr ""
+"Elimină intrările din stiva de directoare. Fără argumente, elimină directorul\n"
+" din partea de sus a stivei, și trece la cel cea devenit noul director de sus\n"
+" a stivei.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -n\tSuprimă schimbarea normală a directorului atunci când se elimină\n"
+" \tdirectoare din stivă, astfel încât numai stiva este manipulată.\n"
+" \n"
+" Argumente:\n"
+" +N\tElimină intrarea a N-a numărând din stânga listei afișate de «dirs»,\n"
+" \tîncepând cu zero. De exemplu: «popd +0» elimină primul director,\n"
+" \t«popd +1» al doilea director, șamd.\n"
+" \n"
+" -N\tElimină intrarea a N-a numărând din dreapta listei afișate de «dirs»,\n"
+" \tîncepând cu zero. De exemplu: «popd -0» elimină ultimul director,\n"
+" \t„popd -1” penultimul director, șamd.\n"
+" \n"
+" Comanda internă «dirs» arată stiva curentă de directoare."
#: builtins/read.def:280
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid timeout specification"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: specificație a timpului de expirare nevalidă"
#: builtins/read.def:755
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "pipe error: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "read error: %d: %s"
-msgstr "eroare de legătură (pipe): %s"
-
+msgstr "eroare de citire: %d: %s"
+
+# Comentariu:
+# Eram un pic indecis asupra formei finale a traducerii,
+# așa că am început să trag cu ochiul la traducerile
+# celorlalți latini, așa am descoperit la brazilieni,
+# francezi și spanioli(în ordine alfabetică), formula
+# magică pentru această traducere:
+# 1.
+# msgstr "possível retornar (`return') apenas de uma função ou script carregado (com `source')"
+# 2.
+# msgstr "« return » n'est possible que depuis une fonction ou depuis un script exécuté par « source »"
+# 3.
+# msgstr "sólo se puede usar `return' desde una función o un script leído con `source'"
#: builtins/return.def:68
msgid "can only `return' from a function or sourced script"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "„return”, se poate utiliza doar de la o funcție sau script executat(ă) de la „source”"
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# după revizarea fișierului, DȘ, spune:
+# „→ nu se pot anula...”
+# ===
+# Ok, corecție aplicată
#: builtins/set.def:869
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "can only be used within a function; it makes the variable NAME"
msgid "cannot simultaneously unset a function and a variable"
-msgstr "poate fi folosit doar într-o funcție, și face ca variabila NUME"
+msgstr "nu se pot anula simultan o funcție și o variabilă"
#: builtins/set.def:966
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: unbound variable"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: not an array variable"
-msgstr "%s: variabilă fără limită"
+msgstr "%s: nu este o variabilă matrice"
#: builtins/setattr.def:189
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: readonly function"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: not a function"
-msgstr "%s: funcție doar în citire (readonly)"
+msgstr "%s: nu este o funcție"
#: builtins/setattr.def:194
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: cannot create: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot export"
-msgstr "%s: nu s-a putut crea: %s"
+msgstr "%s: nu se poate exporta"
#: builtins/shift.def:72 builtins/shift.def:79
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "shift [n]"
msgid "shift count"
-msgstr "shift [n]"
+msgstr "contor deplasare(shift)"
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# după revizarea fișierului, DȘ, spune:
+# «→ similar și aici: „nu se pot activa ... ”»
+# ===
+# Ok, corecție aplicată
#: builtins/shopt.def:310
msgid "cannot set and unset shell options simultaneously"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nu se pot activa și dezactiva simultan opțiunile de shell"
#: builtins/shopt.def:428
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid shell option name"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: nume nevalid al opțiunii shell"
#: builtins/source.def:128
msgid "filename argument required"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "este necesar argumentul nume_de_fișier"
#: builtins/source.def:154
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: command not found"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: file not found"
-msgstr "%s: comandă negăsită"
+msgstr "%s: nu s-a găsit fișierul"
#: builtins/suspend.def:102
msgid "cannot suspend"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nu se poate suspenda"
#: builtins/suspend.def:112
msgid "cannot suspend a login shell"
#: builtins/type.def:235
#, c-format
msgid "%s is aliased to `%s'\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s este un alias pentru „%s”\n"
#: builtins/type.def:256
#, c-format
msgid "%s is a shell keyword\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s este un cuvânt cheie shell\n"
#: builtins/type.def:275
#, c-format
#: builtins/type.def:299
#, c-format
msgid "%s is a special shell builtin\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s este o comandă internă specială a shell\n"
#: builtins/type.def:301
#, c-format
msgid "%s is a shell builtin\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s este o comandă internă a shell\n"
#: builtins/type.def:323 builtins/type.def:408
#, c-format
msgid "%s is %s\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s este %s\n"
+# sau: este mărunțit/fragmentat ?
#: builtins/type.def:343
#, c-format
msgid "%s is hashed (%s)\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s este asociat(hashed) (%s)\n"
#: builtins/ulimit.def:400
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid limit argument"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: limită de argument nevalidă"
#: builtins/ulimit.def:426
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%c%c: bad option"
+#, c-format
msgid "`%c': bad command"
-msgstr "%c%c: opțiune invalidă"
+msgstr "„%c”: comandă incorectă"
#: builtins/ulimit.def:455
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: cannot create: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot get limit: %s"
-msgstr "%s: nu s-a putut crea: %s"
+msgstr "%s: nu se poate obține limita: %s"
#: builtins/ulimit.def:481
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "CPU limit"
msgid "limit"
-msgstr "limită CPU"
+msgstr "limită"
#: builtins/ulimit.def:493 builtins/ulimit.def:793
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: cannot create: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot modify limit: %s"
-msgstr "%s: nu s-a putut crea: %s"
+msgstr "%s: nu se poate modifica limita: %s"
#: builtins/umask.def:115
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "bad signal number"
msgid "octal number"
-msgstr "număr de semnal invalid"
+msgstr "număr octal"
#: builtins/umask.def:232
#, c-format
msgid "`%c': invalid symbolic mode operator"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "„%c”: operator de mod simbolic nevalid"
#: builtins/umask.def:287
#, c-format
msgid "`%c': invalid symbolic mode character"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "„%c”: caracter de mod simbolic nevalid"
#: error.c:89 error.c:347 error.c:349 error.c:351
msgid " line "
-msgstr ""
+msgstr " linie "
#: error.c:164
#, c-format
#: error.c:172
#, c-format
msgid "Aborting..."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Se abandonează..."
#. TRANSLATORS: this is a prefix for informational messages.
#: error.c:287
#, c-format
msgid "INFORM: "
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "RAPORT: "
#: error.c:462
msgid "unknown command error"
#: error.c:463
msgid "bad command type"
-msgstr "tip rău de comandă"
+msgstr "tip de comandă greșit"
#: error.c:464
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "bad connector `%d'"
msgid "bad connector"
-msgstr "conector greșit `%d'"
+msgstr "conector greșit"
#: error.c:465
msgid "bad jump"
-msgstr "salt rău"
+msgstr "salt eronat"
#: error.c:503
#, c-format
msgid "%s: unbound variable"
-msgstr "%s: variabilă fără limită"
+msgstr "%s: variabilă neasociată"
#: eval.c:242
msgid "\atimed out waiting for input: auto-logout\n"
-msgstr "\aa expirat așteptând introducerea datelor: auto-logout\n"
+msgstr "\atimed expirat așteptând introducerea datelor: auto-logout\n"
#: execute_cmd.c:537
#, c-format
msgid "cannot redirect standard input from /dev/null: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nu se poate redirecționa intrarea standard de la /dev/null: %s"
#: execute_cmd.c:1297
#, c-format
msgid "TIMEFORMAT: `%c': invalid format character"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "TIMEFORMAT: „%c”: caracter de format nevalid"
#: execute_cmd.c:2362
#, c-format
msgid "execute_coproc: coproc [%d:%s] still exists"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "execute_coproc: coproc [%d:%s] încă există"
#: execute_cmd.c:2486
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "pipe error: %s"
msgid "pipe error"
-msgstr "eroare de legătură (pipe): %s"
-
+msgstr "eroare de linie de conectare"
+
+# Opinie/Motivație:
+# am ales să traduc nesting = suprapunere
+# și nu
+# nesting = imbricare
+# pentru că consider că este vorba de efectul procesului (evaluările, ce vin una după alta,suprapunîndu-se) și nu de-a numi procesul în sine
+# În plus, mi se pare că sună mult mai normal la ureche
#: execute_cmd.c:4793
#, c-format
msgid "eval: maximum eval nesting level exceeded (%d)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "eval: s-a depășit nivelul maxim de suprapunere de «eval» (%d)"
#: execute_cmd.c:4805
#, c-format
msgid "%s: maximum source nesting level exceeded (%d)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: s-a depășit nivelul maxim de suprapunere de citiri cu «source» (%d)"
#: execute_cmd.c:4913
#, c-format
msgid "%s: maximum function nesting level exceeded (%d)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: s-a depășit nivelul maxim de suprapunere de funcții (%d)"
#: execute_cmd.c:5467
#, c-format
msgid "%s: restricted: cannot specify `/' in command names"
-msgstr "%s: limitat: nu se poate specifica `/' în numele comenzilor"
+msgstr "%s: limitat: nu se poate specifica „/” în numele comenzilor"
#: execute_cmd.c:5574
#, c-format
#: execute_cmd.c:5816
#, c-format
msgid "%s: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: %s"
#: execute_cmd.c:5854
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: is a directory"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: %s: bad interpreter"
-msgstr "%s: este director"
+msgstr "%s: %s: interpret greșit"
#: execute_cmd.c:5891
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: cannot execute binary file"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot execute binary file: %s"
-msgstr "%s: nu se poate executa fișierul binar"
+msgstr "%s: nu se poate executa fișierul binar: %s"
#: execute_cmd.c:5977
#, c-format
msgid "`%s': is a special builtin"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "„%s”: este o comandă internă specială"
#: execute_cmd.c:6029
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "cannot duplicate fd %d to fd 0: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "cannot duplicate fd %d to fd %d"
-msgstr "nu se poate duplica fd %d în fd 0: %s"
+msgstr "nu se poate duplica descriptorul de fișier %d în descriptorul de fișier %d"
#: expr.c:263
msgid "expression recursion level exceeded"
#: expr.c:291
msgid "recursion stack underflow"
-msgstr "stivă recursivă prea puțin folosită (underflow)"
+msgstr "stivă recursivă sub nivelul de depășire"
#: expr.c:477
msgid "syntax error in expression"
msgstr "împărțire la 0"
#: expr.c:592
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "bug: bad expassign token %d"
msgid "bug: bad expassign token"
-msgstr "bug: identificator(token) expassign greșit %d"
+msgstr "eroare: simbol de atribuire al expresiei greșit"
#: expr.c:646
msgid "`:' expected for conditional expression"
-msgstr "`:' așteptat după expresie condițională"
+msgstr "se aștepta „:” după expresia condițională"
#: expr.c:972
msgid "exponent less than 0"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "exponent mai mic de 0"
#: expr.c:1029
msgid "identifier expected after pre-increment or pre-decrement"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "se aștepta un identificator după pre-increment sau pre-decrement"
#: expr.c:1056
msgid "missing `)'"
-msgstr "`)' lipsă"
+msgstr "„)” lipsește"
#: expr.c:1107 expr.c:1487
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "syntax error: unexpected end of file"
msgid "syntax error: operand expected"
-msgstr "eroare de sintaxă: sfârșit de fișier neașteptat"
+msgstr "eroare de sintaxă: se aștepta un operand"
#: expr.c:1489
msgid "syntax error: invalid arithmetic operator"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "eroare de sintaxă: operator aritmetic nevalid"
#: expr.c:1513
#, c-format
#: expr.c:1573
msgid "invalid arithmetic base"
-msgstr ""
-
+msgstr "bază aritmetică nevalidă"
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# cum „constantă întreagă nevalidă”, nu mă
+# atrăgea prea mult, am adaptat traducerea
+# la ce se vede
+# ***
+# după revizarea fișierului, DȘ, spune:
+# «→ un mic typo la „întreg”»
+# ===
+# Ok, corecție aplicată; graba... e de vină
#: expr.c:1582
msgid "invalid integer constant"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "constantă de număr întreg nevalidă"
#: expr.c:1598
msgid "value too great for base"
msgstr "%s: eroare în expresie\n"
#: general.c:70
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "getwd: cannot access parent directories"
msgid "getcwd: cannot access parent directories"
-msgstr "getwd: nu s-au putut accesa directoarele părinte"
+msgstr "getcwd: nu s-au putut accesa directoarele părinte"
#: input.c:99 subst.c:6069
#, c-format
msgid "cannot reset nodelay mode for fd %d"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nu se poate redefini modul „nodelay” pentru descriptorul de fișier %d"
#: input.c:266
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "cannot allocate new file descriptor for bash input from fd %d: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "cannot allocate new file descriptor for bash input from fd %d"
-msgstr "nu se poate aloca descriptor de fișier nou pentru inputul bash din fd %d: %s"
+msgstr "nu se poate aloca un nou descriptor de fișier pentru intrarea bash din fd %d"
#: input.c:274
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "check_bash_input: buffer already exists for new fd %d"
+#, c-format
msgid "save_bash_input: buffer already exists for new fd %d"
-msgstr "check_bash_input: buffer deja existent pentru fd nou %d"
+msgstr "save_bash_input: memorie tampon deja existentă pentru noul descriptor de fișier %d"
#: jobs.c:543
msgid "start_pipeline: pgrp pipe"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "start_pipeline: linie de conectare pgrp"
#: jobs.c:906
#, c-format
msgid "bgp_delete: LOOP: psi (%d) == storage[psi].bucket_next"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "bgp_delete: BUCLĂ: psi (%d) == storage[psi].bucket_next"
#: jobs.c:959
#, c-format
msgid "bgp_search: LOOP: psi (%d) == storage[psi].bucket_next"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "bgp_search: BUCLĂ: psi (%d) == storage[psi].bucket_next"
#: jobs.c:1283
#, c-format
msgid "forked pid %d appears in running job %d"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "pid-ul bifurcat %d apare în lucrarea în execuție %d"
#: jobs.c:1402
#, c-format
msgid "deleting stopped job %d with process group %ld"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "se șterge lucrarea oprită %d cu grupul de procese %ld"
#: jobs.c:1511
#, c-format
msgid "add_process: pid %5ld (%s) marked as still alive"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "add_process: pid %5ld (%s) marcat ca încă în viață"
#: jobs.c:1850
#, c-format
#: jobs.c:1884 siglist.c:122
msgid "Stopped"
-msgstr "Stopat"
+msgstr "Oprit"
#: jobs.c:1888
#, c-format
msgid "(core dumped) "
msgstr "(core dumped) "
+# NOTĂ: de aflat ce înseamnă:
+# wd =
+# =====================================
+# NOTA_BENE:
+# pe viitor „istețule” uită-te în fișierul de traducere,
+# deschis ca text, și vei avea mari șanse să afli
+# răspunsul; fără a «gonglear» ca bezmeticul în Internet
#: jobs.c:2020
#, c-format
msgid " (wd: %s)"
-msgstr " (wd: %s)"
+msgstr " (dir.lucru: %s)"
#: jobs.c:2259
#, c-format
msgid "child setpgid (%ld to %ld)"
-msgstr "setpgid copil (de la%ld la %ld)"
+msgstr "setpgid proces-copil (de la %ld la %ld)"
+# NOTĂ:
+# «wait», nu se traduce; aici, și în mesajele următoare,
+# face parte din categoria cuvintelor ce nu se traduc.
+# Datorită contextului în care se află.
#: jobs.c:2617 nojobs.c:664
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "wait: pid %d is not a child of this shell"
+#, c-format
msgid "wait: pid %ld is not a child of this shell"
-msgstr "așteptați: pid-ul %d nu este rezultat(child) al acestui shell"
+msgstr "wait: pid %ld nu este un proces-copil al acestui shell"
#: jobs.c:2893
#, c-format
msgid "wait_for: No record of process %ld"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "wait_for: Nu există nicio înregistrare a procesului %ld"
#: jobs.c:3236
#, c-format
msgid "wait_for_job: job %d is stopped"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "wait_for_job: lucrarea %d este oprită"
#: jobs.c:3564
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: cannot create: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: no current jobs"
-msgstr "%s: nu s-a putut crea: %s"
+msgstr "%s: nu există lucrări actuale"
#: jobs.c:3571
#, c-format
msgid "%s: job has terminated"
-msgstr "%s: jobul a fost terminat"
+msgstr "%s: lucrarea a fost terminată"
#: jobs.c:3580
#, c-format
msgid "%s: job %d already in background"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: lucrarea %d se află deja în fundal"
#: jobs.c:3806
msgid "waitchld: turning on WNOHANG to avoid indefinite block"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "waitchld: se activează WNOHANG pentru a evita blocarea pe termen nedefinit"
#: jobs.c:4320
#, c-format
msgid "%s: line %d: "
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: linie %d: "
#: jobs.c:4334 nojobs.c:919
#, c-format
#: jobs.c:4346 jobs.c:4359
#, c-format
msgid "(wd now: %s)\n"
-msgstr "(wd actual: %s)\n"
+msgstr "(dir.lucru actual: %s)\n"
#: jobs.c:4391
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "initialize_jobs: getpgrp failed: %s"
msgid "initialize_job_control: getpgrp failed"
-msgstr "initialize_jobs: getpgrp eșuat: %s"
+msgstr "initialize_job_control: getpgrp a eșuat"
#: jobs.c:4447
msgid "initialize_job_control: no job control in background"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "initialize_job_control: nu există control de lucrări în fundal"
#: jobs.c:4463
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "initialize_jobs: line discipline: %s"
msgid "initialize_job_control: line discipline"
-msgstr "initialize_jobs: disciplină linie: %s"
+msgstr "initialize_job_control: disciplină linie"
#: jobs.c:4473
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "initialize_jobs: getpgrp failed: %s"
msgid "initialize_job_control: setpgid"
-msgstr "initialize_jobs: getpgrp eșuat: %s"
+msgstr "initialize_job_control: setpgid"
#: jobs.c:4494 jobs.c:4503
#, c-format
msgid "cannot set terminal process group (%d)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nu se poate configura grupul de procese din terminal (%d)"
#: jobs.c:4508
msgid "no job control in this shell"
-msgstr "nici un control de job în acest shell"
+msgstr "nu există niciun control de lucrări în acest shell"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:353
#, c-format
msgid "malloc: failed assertion: %s\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "malloc: a eșuat aserțiunea: %s\n"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:369
#, c-format
"\r\n"
"malloc: %s:%d: assertion botched\r\n"
msgstr ""
+"\r\n"
+"malloc: %s:%d: aserțiune greșită\r\n"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:370 lib/malloc/malloc.c:933
msgid "unknown"
msgstr "necunoscut"
+# Altă formulă de traducere al mesajului, este:
+# „malloc: bloc șters din lista disponibilă ”
+# Notă, pentru a decide care dintre aceste traduceri,
+# rămîne, e nevoie de colaborarea(opinii, sugestii,
+# comentarii, etc) ale utilizatorilor de «bash»...
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:882
msgid "malloc: block on free list clobbered"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "malloc: bloc suprascris pe lista liberă"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:972
msgid "free: called with already freed block argument"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "free: apelat cu un argument bloc deja eliberat"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:975
msgid "free: called with unallocated block argument"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "free: apelat cu un argument de bloc nealocat"
+# Am tradus inițial mesajul, ca:
+# „free: depășire insuficientă detectată; mh_nbytes în afara intervalului”
+# formulă actuală mi se pare mai adecvată. contextului, precum și a mesajului din engleză
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:994
msgid "free: underflow detected; mh_nbytes out of range"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "free: s-a detectat o depășire insuficientă; mh_nbytes în afara intervalului"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1001
msgid "free: underflow detected; magic8 corrupted"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "free: s-a detectat o depășire insuficientă; magic8 corupt"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1009
msgid "free: start and end chunk sizes differ"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "free: dimensiunile bucăților de început și de sfârșit sunt diferite"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1119
msgid "realloc: called with unallocated block argument"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "realloc: apelat cu un argument de bloc nealocat"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1134
msgid "realloc: underflow detected; mh_nbytes out of range"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "realloc: s-a detectat o depășire insuficientă; mh_nbytes țn afara intervalului"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1141
msgid "realloc: underflow detected; magic8 corrupted"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "realloc: s-a detectat o depășire insuficientă; magic8 corupt"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1150
msgid "realloc: start and end chunk sizes differ"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "realloc: dimensiunile bucăților de început și de sfârșit, diferă"
#: lib/malloc/table.c:191
#, c-format
msgid "register_alloc: alloc table is full with FIND_ALLOC?\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "register_alloc: tabelul de alocare este plin cu FIND_ALLOC?\n"
#: lib/malloc/table.c:200
#, c-format
msgid "register_alloc: %p already in table as allocated?\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "register_alloc: %p deja în tabel ca fiind alocat?\n"
#: lib/malloc/table.c:253
#, c-format
msgid "register_free: %p already in table as free?\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "register_alloc: %p deja în tabel ca liber?\n"
#: lib/sh/fmtulong.c:102
msgid "invalid base"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "bază nevalidă"
#: lib/sh/netopen.c:168
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "unknown"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: host unknown"
-msgstr "necunoscut"
+msgstr "%s: gazdă necunoscută"
#: lib/sh/netopen.c:175
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid service"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: serviciu nevalid"
#: lib/sh/netopen.c:306
#, c-format
msgid "%s: bad network path specification"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: specificație incorectă pentru ruta rețelei"
#: lib/sh/netopen.c:347
msgid "network operations not supported"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "operațiunile de rețea nu sunt acceptate"
#: locale.c:217
#, c-format
msgid "setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (%s)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "setlocale: LC_ALL: nu se poate schimba parametrul de limbă (%s)"
#: locale.c:219
#, c-format
msgid "setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (%s): %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "setlocale: LC_ALL: nu se poate schimba parametrul de limbă (%s): %s"
#: locale.c:292
#, c-format
msgid "setlocale: %s: cannot change locale (%s)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "setlocale: %s: nu se poate schimba parametrul de limbă (%s)"
#: locale.c:294
#, c-format
msgid "setlocale: %s: cannot change locale (%s): %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "setlocale: %s: nu se poate schimba parametrul de limbă (%s): %s"
#: mailcheck.c:439
msgid "You have mail in $_"
msgstr "eroare de sintaxă: expresie aritmetică necesară"
#: make_cmd.c:319
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "syntax error: unexpected end of file"
msgid "syntax error: `;' unexpected"
-msgstr "eroare de sintaxă: sfârșit de fișier neașteptat"
+msgstr "eroare de sintaxă: „;” neașteptat"
#: make_cmd.c:320
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "syntax error"
+#, c-format
msgid "syntax error: `((%s))'"
-msgstr "eroare de sintaxă"
+msgstr "eroare de sintaxă: „((%s))”"
#: make_cmd.c:572
#, c-format
#: make_cmd.c:657
#, c-format
msgid "here-document at line %d delimited by end-of-file (wanted `%s')"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "«here-document» la linia %d delimitat de sfârșitul fișierului (se aștepta „%s”)"
#: make_cmd.c:756
#, c-format
msgid "make_redirection: redirection instruction `%d' out of range"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "make_redirection: instrucțiunea de redirecționare „%d” este în afara intervalului"
#: parse.y:2393
#, c-format
msgid "shell_getc: shell_input_line_size (%zu) exceeds SIZE_MAX (%lu): line truncated"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "shell_getc: shell_input_line_size (%zu) depășește SIZE_MAX (%lu): linie trunchiată"
#: parse.y:2826
msgid "maximum here-document count exceeded"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "numărul maxim de «here-document» a fost depășit"
#: parse.y:3581 parse.y:3957 parse.y:4556
#, c-format
msgid "unexpected EOF while looking for matching `%c'"
-msgstr "EOF neașteptat în căutare după potrivirea „%c”"
+msgstr "sfârșit neașteptat al fișierului(EOF) în timp ce se căuta coincidența pentru „%c”"
#: parse.y:4696
msgid "unexpected EOF while looking for `]]'"
-msgstr "EOF neașteptat în căutare după „]]”"
+msgstr "sfârșit neașteptat al fișierului(EOF) în timp ce se căuta „]]”"
#: parse.y:4701
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "syntax error near unexpected token `%s'"
+#, c-format
msgid "syntax error in conditional expression: unexpected token `%s'"
-msgstr "eroare de sintaxă neașteptată lângă `%s'"
+msgstr "eroare de sintaxă în expresia condițională: simbol neașteptat „%s”"
#: parse.y:4705
msgid "syntax error in conditional expression"
#: parse.y:4783
#, c-format
msgid "unexpected token `%s', expected `)'"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "simbol neașteptat „%s”, așteptat „)”"
#: parse.y:4787
msgid "expected `)'"
#: parse.y:4815
#, c-format
msgid "unexpected argument `%s' to conditional unary operator"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "argument neașteptat „%s” pentru operatorul unar condițional"
#: parse.y:4819
msgid "unexpected argument to conditional unary operator"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "argument neașteptat pentru operatorul unar condițional"
#: parse.y:4865
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: binary operator expected"
+#, c-format
msgid "unexpected token `%s', conditional binary operator expected"
-msgstr "%s: se așteaptă operator binar"
+msgstr "identificator neașteptat „%s”, se aștepta operator binar condițional"
#: parse.y:4869
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "%s: binary operator expected"
msgid "conditional binary operator expected"
-msgstr "%s: se așteaptă operator binar"
+msgstr "se aștepta operator binar condițional"
#: parse.y:4891
#, c-format
msgid "unexpected argument `%s' to conditional binary operator"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "argument neașteptat „%s” pentru operatorul binar condițional"
#: parse.y:4895
msgid "unexpected argument to conditional binary operator"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "argument neașteptat pentru operatorul binar condițional"
#: parse.y:4906
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "`:' expected for conditional expression"
+#, c-format
msgid "unexpected token `%c' in conditional command"
-msgstr "`:' așteptat după expresie condițională"
+msgstr "identificator neașteptat „%c” în comanda condițională"
#: parse.y:4909
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "`:' expected for conditional expression"
+#, c-format
msgid "unexpected token `%s' in conditional command"
-msgstr "`:' așteptat după expresie condițională"
+msgstr "identificator neașteptat „%s” în comanda condițională"
#: parse.y:4913
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "`:' expected for conditional expression"
+#, c-format
msgid "unexpected token %d in conditional command"
-msgstr "`:' așteptat după expresie condițională"
+msgstr "identificator neașteptat %d în comanda condițională"
#: parse.y:6336
#, c-format
msgid "syntax error near unexpected token `%s'"
-msgstr "eroare de sintaxă neașteptată lângă `%s'"
+msgstr "eroare de sintaxă neașteptată lângă „%s”"
#: parse.y:6355
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "syntax error near unexpected token `%s'"
+#, c-format
msgid "syntax error near `%s'"
-msgstr "eroare de sintaxă neașteptată lângă `%s'"
+msgstr "eroare de sintaxă neașteptată lângă „%s”"
#: parse.y:6365
msgid "syntax error: unexpected end of file"
#: parse.y:6428
#, c-format
msgid "Use \"%s\" to leave the shell.\n"
-msgstr "Folosiți \"%s\" pentru a părăsi shellul.\n"
+msgstr "Utilizați „%s” pentru a părăsi shell-ul.\n"
#: parse.y:6602
msgid "unexpected EOF while looking for matching `)'"
-msgstr "EOF neașteptat în căutare după perechea lui „)”"
+msgstr "sfârșit neașteptat al fișierului în timp ce se căuta după perechea lui „)”"
#: pcomplete.c:1132
#, c-format
msgid "completion: function `%s' not found"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "completare: funcția „%s” nu a fost găsită"
#: pcomplete.c:1722
#, c-format
msgid "programmable_completion: %s: possible retry loop"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "programable_completion: %s: posibilă buclă de reîncercare"
#: pcomplib.c:182
#, c-format
msgid "progcomp_insert: %s: NULL COMPSPEC"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "progcomp_insert: %s: COMPSPEC null"
#: print_cmd.c:302
#, c-format
msgid "print_command: bad connector `%d'"
-msgstr "print_command: conector greșitr `%d'"
+msgstr "print_command: conector greșit „%d”"
#: print_cmd.c:375
#, c-format
msgid "xtrace_set: %d: invalid file descriptor"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "xtrace_set: %d: descriptor de fișier nevalid"
#: print_cmd.c:380
msgid "xtrace_set: NULL file pointer"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "xtrace_set: indicatorul pentru fișier este NULL"
#: print_cmd.c:384
#, c-format
msgid "xtrace fd (%d) != fileno xtrace fp (%d)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "xtrace fd (%d) != nrfișier xtrace fp (%d)"
#: print_cmd.c:1540
#, c-format
msgid "cprintf: `%c': invalid format character"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "cprintf: „%c”: caracter de format nevalid"
#: redir.c:149 redir.c:197
msgid "file descriptor out of range"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "descriptor de fișier în afara intervalului"
#: redir.c:204
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: Ambiguous redirect"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: ambiguous redirect"
-msgstr "%s: Redirectare ambiguă"
+msgstr "%s: redirectare ambiguă"
#: redir.c:208
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: Cannot clobber existing file"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot overwrite existing file"
-msgstr "%s: nu se poate accesa(clobber) fișierul existent"
+msgstr "%s: nu se poate suprascrie fișierul existent"
#: redir.c:213
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: restricted: cannot specify `/' in command names"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: restricted: cannot redirect output"
-msgstr "%s: limitat: nu se poate specifica `/' în numele comenzilor"
+msgstr "%s: restricționat: nu se poate redirecționa ieșirea"
#: redir.c:218
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "cannot make pipe for process subsitution: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "cannot create temp file for here-document: %s"
-msgstr "nu pot face legătură (pipe) pentru substituția procesului: %s"
+msgstr "nu se poate crea un fișier temporar pentru «here-document»: %s"
#: redir.c:222
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: cannot assign list to array member"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot assign fd to variable"
-msgstr "%s: nu pot asigna listă membrului intervalului"
-
+msgstr "%s: nu se poate atribui descriptorul de fișier variabilei"
+
+# Întrebare: este mai bine/corect
+# „..... fără o conexiune de rețea”
+# sau,
+# ”fără a avea o conexiune la rețea”?
+# ***
+# după revizarea fișierului, DȘ, spune:
+# «→conexiunea trebuie să fie LA rețea în ambele cazuri, „conexiune de rețea” este doar un tip de conexiune (fizică sau virtuală), iar „conexiunea la rețea” reprezintă accesul calculatorului la o rețea anume. (aici se subînțelege o rețea de alte calulatoare fie ea LAN sau WAN)»
+# ===
+# Ok, corecție aplicată
#: redir.c:649
msgid "/dev/(tcp|udp)/host/port not supported without networking"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nu se admite «/dev/(tcp|udp)/host/port» fără a avea o conexiune la rețea"
#: redir.c:938 redir.c:1053 redir.c:1114 redir.c:1284
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "redirection error"
msgid "redirection error: cannot duplicate fd"
-msgstr "eroare de redirectare"
+msgstr "eroare de redirectare: nu se poate duplica descriptorul de fișier"
#: shell.c:347
msgid "could not find /tmp, please create!"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nu s-a putut găsi «/tmp», vă rugăm să-l creați!"
#: shell.c:351
msgid "/tmp must be a valid directory name"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "«/tmp» trebuie să fie un nume de director valid"
#: shell.c:804
msgid "pretty-printing mode ignored in interactive shells"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "modul de imprimare „drăguț” este ignorat în shell-urile interactive"
#: shell.c:948
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%c%c: bad option"
+#, c-format
msgid "%c%c: invalid option"
-msgstr "%c%c: opțiune invalidă"
+msgstr "%c%c: opțiune nevalidă"
#: shell.c:1319
#, c-format
msgid "cannot set uid to %d: effective uid %d"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nu se poate stabili uid la %d: uid efectiv %d"
#: shell.c:1330
#, c-format
msgid "cannot set gid to %d: effective gid %d"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nu se poate stabili gid la %d: gid efectiv %d"
#: shell.c:1518
msgid "cannot start debugger; debugging mode disabled"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nu se poate porni depanatorul; modul de depanare a fost dezactivat"
#: shell.c:1632
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: is a directory"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: Is a directory"
-msgstr "%s: este director"
+msgstr "%s: Este un director"
#: shell.c:1881
msgid "I have no name!"
msgstr "Nu am nici un nume!"
#: shell.c:2035
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "GNU %s, version %s\n"
+#, c-format
msgid "GNU bash, version %s-(%s)\n"
-msgstr "GNU %s, versiunea %s\n"
+msgstr "GNU bash, versiunea %s-(%s)\n"
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, și următoarele, pot să fie
+# vizualizate, rulînd comanda:
+# «bash --help».
#: shell.c:2036
#, c-format
msgid ""
"Usage:\t%s [GNU long option] [option] ...\n"
"\t%s [GNU long option] [option] script-file ...\n"
msgstr ""
-"Folosire:\t%s [GNU opțiune lungă] [opțiune] ...\n"
-"\t%s [GNU opțiune lungă] [opțiune] fișier script ...\n"
+"Utilizare:\t%s [GNU opțiune lungă] [opțiune] ...\n"
+"\t%s [GNU opțiune lungă] [opțiune] fișier-script ...\n"
#: shell.c:2038
msgid "GNU long options:\n"
msgstr "Opțiuni ale shell-ului:\n"
#: shell.c:2043
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "\t-irsD or -c command\t\t(invocation only)\n"
msgid "\t-ilrsD or -c command or -O shopt_option\t\t(invocation only)\n"
-msgstr "\t-irsD sau -c comandă\t\t(doar invocație)\n"
+msgstr "\t-ilrsD sau -c comandă sau -O shopt_option\t\t(doar invocare)\n"
#: shell.c:2062
#, c-format
#: shell.c:2068
#, c-format
msgid "Type `%s -c \"help set\"' for more information about shell options.\n"
-msgstr "Tastați `%s -c \"help set\"' pentru mai multe informații despre opțiunile shell-ului.\n"
+msgstr "Tastați «%s -c \"help set\"» pentru mai multe informații despre opțiunile shell-ului.\n"
#: shell.c:2069
#, c-format
msgid "Type `%s -c help' for more information about shell builtin commands.\n"
-msgstr "Tastați `%s -c help' pentru mai multe informații despre comenzile interne ale shell-ului.\n"
+msgstr "Tastați «%s -c help» pentru mai multe informații despre comenzile interne ale shell-ului.\n"
#: shell.c:2070
#, c-format
msgid "Use the `bashbug' command to report bugs.\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Utilizați comanda «bashbug» pentru a raporta erori.\n"
#: shell.c:2072
#, c-format
msgid "bash home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/bash>\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Pagina principală a lui „bash”: <http://www.gnu.org/software/bash>\n"
#: shell.c:2073
#, c-format
msgid "General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Ajutor general pentru utilizarea software-ului GNU: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>\n"
#: sig.c:757
#, c-format
msgid "sigprocmask: %d: invalid operation"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "sigprocmask: %d: operație nevalidă"
#: siglist.c:47
msgid "Bogus signal"
#: siglist.c:50
msgid "Hangup"
-msgstr "Deconectare"
+msgstr "Deconectare/Terminare anormală(Hangup)"
#: siglist.c:54
msgid "Interrupt"
#: siglist.c:66
msgid "BPT trace/trap"
-msgstr "BPT trace/trap"
+msgstr "Punct de întrerupere de urmărire/capturare"
#: siglist.c:74
msgid "ABORT instruction"
#: siglist.c:82
msgid "Floating point exception"
-msgstr "Excepție virgulă mobilă"
+msgstr "Excepție de virgulă mobilă"
#: siglist.c:86
msgid "Killed"
-msgstr "Terminat(killed)"
+msgstr "Omorât"
#: siglist.c:90
msgid "Bus error"
-msgstr "Eroare de bus"
+msgstr "Eroare de magistrală de date(bus)"
#: siglist.c:94
msgid "Segmentation fault"
-msgstr "Eroare de segmentare (Segmentation fault)"
+msgstr "Eroare de segmentare"
#: siglist.c:98
msgid "Bad system call"
-msgstr "Apelare sistem invalidă"
+msgstr "Apel de sistem incorect"
#: siglist.c:102
msgid "Broken pipe"
-msgstr "Legătură(pipe) întreruptă"
+msgstr "Linie de conectare întreruptă"
#: siglist.c:106
msgid "Alarm clock"
-msgstr "Ceas alarmă"
+msgstr "Ceas cu alarmă"
#: siglist.c:110
msgid "Terminated"
#: siglist.c:114
msgid "Urgent IO condition"
-msgstr "Condiție IO urgentă"
+msgstr "Condiție In/Ieș urgentă"
#: siglist.c:118
msgid "Stopped (signal)"
#: siglist.c:134
msgid "Child death or stop"
-msgstr "Succesor mort sau oprit"
+msgstr "Proces-copil mort sau oprit"
#: siglist.c:138
msgid "Stopped (tty input)"
msgid "Stopped (tty output)"
msgstr "Oprit (tty output)"
+# Se referă la: dispozitiv(de intrare/de ieșire)
#: siglist.c:146
msgid "I/O ready"
-msgstr "I/O pregătit"
+msgstr "In/Ieș pregătită"
#: siglist.c:150
msgid "CPU limit"
msgid "Window changed"
msgstr "Fereastră schimbată"
+# De moment rămîne traducerea veche:
+# „Reținere (lock) înregistrare”
+# Dar, cred că:
+# Blocare înregistrare, este formula corectă...
+# ***
+# l-am modificat la revizare
#: siglist.c:170
msgid "Record lock"
-msgstr "Reținere (lock) înregistrare"
+msgstr "Blocare înregistrare"
#: siglist.c:174
msgid "User signal 1"
#: siglist.c:182
msgid "HFT input data pending"
-msgstr "Date de intrare HFT în curs de rezolvare(pending)"
+msgstr "Date de intrare HFT în curs de rezolvare"
#: siglist.c:186
msgid "power failure imminent"
#: siglist.c:190
msgid "system crash imminent"
-msgstr "crash de sistem iminent"
+msgstr "cădere iminentă a sistemului"
#: siglist.c:194
msgid "migrate process to another CPU"
#: siglist.c:202
msgid "HFT monitor mode granted"
-msgstr "Mod monitor HFT acordat"
+msgstr "Modul de monitor HFT a fost acordat"
#: siglist.c:206
msgid "HFT monitor mode retracted"
-msgstr "Mod monitor HFT retras"
+msgstr "Modul de monitor HFT a fost retras"
#: siglist.c:210
msgid "HFT sound sequence has completed"
-msgstr "Secvență de sunet HFT completată"
+msgstr "Secvența de sunet HFT a fost completată"
#: siglist.c:214
msgid "Information request"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Solicitare de informație"
#: siglist.c:222 siglist.c:224
#, c-format
msgid "Unknown Signal #%d"
-msgstr "Semnal Necunoscut #%d"
+msgstr "Semnal necunoscut #%d"
#: subst.c:1476 subst.c:1666
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "bad substitution: no `%s' in %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "bad substitution: no closing `%s' in %s"
-msgstr "substituție invalidă: nu există '%s' în %s"
+msgstr "înlocuire greșită: nu se închide „%s” în %s"
#: subst.c:3281
#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot assign list to array member"
-msgstr "%s: nu pot asigna listă membrului intervalului"
+msgstr "%s: nu se poate atribui o listă unui membru al matricei"
#: subst.c:5910 subst.c:5926
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "cannot make pipe for process subsitution: %s"
msgid "cannot make pipe for process substitution"
-msgstr "nu pot face legătură (pipe) pentru substituția procesului: %s"
+msgstr "nu se poate crea linia de conectare pentru substituția procesului"
#: subst.c:5985
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "cannot make a child for process substitution: %s"
msgid "cannot make child for process substitution"
-msgstr "nu pot crea un proces copil pentru substituirea procesului: %s"
+msgstr "nu se poate crea un proces-copil pentru substituirea procesului: %s"
#: subst.c:6059
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "cannot open named pipe %s for %s: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "cannot open named pipe %s for reading"
-msgstr "nu pot deschide legătura numită %s pentru %s: %s"
+msgstr "nu se poate deschide linia de conectare numită %s pentru citire"
#: subst.c:6061
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "cannot open named pipe %s for %s: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "cannot open named pipe %s for writing"
-msgstr "nu pot deschide legătura numită %s pentru %s: %s"
+msgstr "nu se poate deschide linia de conectare numită %s pentru scriere"
#: subst.c:6084
#, c-format
msgid "cannot duplicate named pipe %s as fd %d"
-msgstr "nu se poate duplica țeava numită %s ca fd %d"
+msgstr "nu se poate duplica linia de conectare numită %s ca fd %d"
#: subst.c:6213
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "bad substitution: no ending `}' in %s"
msgid "command substitution: ignored null byte in input"
-msgstr "substituție invalidă: nu există ')' de final în %s"
+msgstr "substituție de comandă: octetul null din intrare este ignorat"
#: subst.c:6353
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "can't make pipes for command substitution: %s"
msgid "cannot make pipe for command substitution"
-msgstr "nu pot face legături(pipes) pentru substituția de comenzi: %s"
+msgstr "nu se poate crea linia de conectare pentru substituția de comandă"
#: subst.c:6397
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "can't make a child for command substitution: %s"
msgid "cannot make child for command substitution"
-msgstr "nu pot crea un copil pentru substituția de comenzi: %s"
+msgstr "nu se poate crea un proces-copil pentru substituția de comandă"
#: subst.c:6423
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "command_substitute: cannot duplicate pipe as fd 1: %s"
msgid "command_substitute: cannot duplicate pipe as fd 1"
-msgstr "command_substitute: nu se poate duplica legătura (pipe) ca fd 1: %s"
+msgstr "command_substitute: nu se poate duplica linia de conectare ca descriptor de fișier 1(fd 1)"
#: subst.c:6883 subst.c:9952
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid variable name for name reference"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: nume de variabilă nevalid pentru referința numelui"
#: subst.c:6979 subst.c:6997 subst.c:7169
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid indirect expansion"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: extindere indirectă nevalidă"
#: subst.c:7013 subst.c:7177
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: unbound variable"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid variable name"
-msgstr "%s: variabilă fără limită"
+msgstr "%s: nume de variabilă nevalid"
#: subst.c:7256
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: parameter null or not set"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: parameter not set"
-msgstr "%s: parametru null sau nesetat"
+msgstr "%s: parametru nedefinit"
#: subst.c:7258
#, c-format
msgid "%s: parameter null or not set"
-msgstr "%s: parametru null sau nesetat"
+msgstr "%s: parametru nul sau nedefinit"
#: subst.c:7503 subst.c:7518
#, c-format
#: subst.c:9281 subst.c:9302
#, c-format
msgid "%s: bad substitution"
-msgstr "%s: substituție invalidă"
+msgstr "%s: substituție nevalidă"
#: subst.c:9390
#, c-format
#: subst.c:9814
msgid "future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic substitution"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "versiunile viitoare ale shell-ului vor forța evaluarea ca o substituție aritmetică"
#: subst.c:10367
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "bad substitution: no ending `}' in %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "bad substitution: no closing \"`\" in %s"
-msgstr "substituție invalidă: nu există ')' de final în %s"
+msgstr "înlocuire greșită: fără „`” de închidere în %s"
#: subst.c:11434
#, c-format
msgid "no match: %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nicio potrivire: %s"
#: test.c:147
msgid "argument expected"
-msgstr "se așteaptă parametru"
+msgstr "se aștepta un parametru"
#: test.c:156
#, c-format
msgid "%s: integer expression expected"
-msgstr "%s: se așteaptă expresie întreagă (integer)"
+msgstr "%s: se aștepta o expresie întreagă (integer)"
#: test.c:265
msgid "`)' expected"
-msgstr "se așteaptă `)'"
+msgstr "se aștepta „)'”"
#: test.c:267
#, c-format
msgid "`)' expected, found %s"
-msgstr "se așteaptă `)', s-a primit %s"
+msgstr "se aștepta „)”, s-a găsit %s"
#: test.c:466 test.c:799
#, c-format
#: test.c:881
msgid "missing `]'"
-msgstr "lipsește ']'"
+msgstr "lipsește „]”"
#: test.c:899
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "syntax error: unexpected end of file"
+#, c-format
msgid "syntax error: `%s' unexpected"
-msgstr "eroare de sintaxă: sfârșit de fișier neașteptat"
+msgstr "eroare de sintaxă: „%s” neașteptat"
#: trap.c:220
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "bad signal number"
msgid "invalid signal number"
-msgstr "număr de semnal invalid"
+msgstr "număr de semnal nevalid"
#: trap.c:325
#, c-format
msgid "trap handler: maximum trap handler level exceeded (%d)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "gestionarul de capturare: nivelul maxim de gestionări de capturare a fost depășit (%d)"
#: trap.c:414
#, c-format
msgid "run_pending_traps: bad value in trap_list[%d]: %p"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "run_pending_traps: valoare greșită în trap_list[%d]: %p"
#: trap.c:418
#, c-format
msgid "run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "run_pending_traps: gestionarul de semnal este SIG_DFL, se retrimite %d (%s) către mine"
#: trap.c:487
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "trap_handler: Bad signal %d"
+#, c-format
msgid "trap_handler: bad signal %d"
-msgstr "trap_handler: Semnal invalid %d"
+msgstr "trap_handler: semnal nevalid %d"
#: variables.c:421
#, c-format
msgid "error importing function definition for `%s'"
-msgstr "eroare în importarea definiției funcției pentru '%s'"
+msgstr "eroare în importarea definiției funcției pentru „%s”"
#: variables.c:833
#, c-format
msgid "shell level (%d) too high, resetting to 1"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nivelul shell-ului (%d) prea mare, se reinițializează la 1"
#: variables.c:2674
msgid "make_local_variable: no function context at current scope"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "make_local_variable: nu există context de funcție în domeniul actual"
#: variables.c:2693
#, c-format
msgid "%s: variable may not be assigned value"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: nu este posibil ca variabilei să i se atribuie o valoare"
#: variables.c:3475
#, c-format
msgid "%s: assigning integer to name reference"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: se atribuie un număr întreg referinței de nume"
#: variables.c:4404
msgid "all_local_variables: no function context at current scope"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "all_local_variables: nu există context de funcție în domeniul actual"
#: variables.c:4771
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: parameter null or not set"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s has null exportstr"
-msgstr "%s: parametru null sau nesetat"
+msgstr "%s are exportstr nul"
#: variables.c:4776 variables.c:4785
#, c-format
msgid "invalid character %d in exportstr for %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "caracter nevalid %d în exportstr pentru %s"
#: variables.c:4791
#, c-format
msgid "no `=' in exportstr for %s"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "nu există „=” în exportstr pentru %s"
#: variables.c:5331
msgid "pop_var_context: head of shell_variables not a function context"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "pop_var_context: partea de sus din shell_variables nu este un context de funcție"
#: variables.c:5344
msgid "pop_var_context: no global_variables context"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "pop_var_context: nu există un context global_variables"
#: variables.c:5424
msgid "pop_scope: head of shell_variables not a temporary environment scope"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "pop_scope: partea de sus din shell_variables nu este un domeniu de mediu temporar"
#: variables.c:6387
#, c-format
msgid "%s: %s: cannot open as FILE"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: %s: nu se poate deschide ca FIȘIER"
#: variables.c:6392
#, c-format
msgid "%s: %s: invalid value for trace file descriptor"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: %s: valoare nevalidă pentru descriptorul fișierului de urmărire"
#: variables.c:6437
#, c-format
msgid "%s: %s: compatibility value out of range"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "%s: %s: valoarea de compatibilitate în afara intervalului"
#: version.c:46 version2.c:46
msgid "Copyright (C) 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Drepturi de autor © 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#: version.c:47 version2.c:47
msgid "License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Licență GPLv3+: GNU GPL versiunea 3 sau ulterioară <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
#: version.c:86 version2.c:86
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "GNU %s, version %s\n"
+#, c-format
msgid "GNU bash, version %s (%s)\n"
-msgstr "GNU %s, versiunea %s\n"
+msgstr "GNU bash, versiunea %s (%s)\n"
#: version.c:91 version2.c:91
msgid "This is free software; you are free to change and redistribute it."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Acesta este un software liber; sunteți liber să îl modificați și să îl redistribuiți."
#: version.c:92 version2.c:92
msgid "There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "NU EXISTĂ NICIO GARANȚIE, în măsura permisă de lege."
#: xmalloc.c:93
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "xmalloc: cannot allocate %lu bytes (%lu bytes allocated)"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot allocate %lu bytes (%lu bytes allocated)"
-msgstr "xmalloc: nu pot aloca %lu octeți (%lu octeți alocați)"
+msgstr "%s: nu se pot aloca %lu octeți (%lu octeți alocați)"
#: xmalloc.c:95
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: cannot create: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot allocate %lu bytes"
-msgstr "%s: nu s-a putut crea: %s"
+msgstr "%s: nu se pot aloca %lu octeți"
#: xmalloc.c:165
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "xmalloc: cannot allocate %lu bytes (%lu bytes allocated)"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: %s:%d: cannot allocate %lu bytes (%lu bytes allocated)"
-msgstr "xmalloc: nu pot aloca %lu octeți (%lu octeți alocați)"
+msgstr "%s: %s:%d: nu se pot aloca %lu octeți (%lu octeți alocați)"
#: xmalloc.c:167
-#, fuzzy, c-format
-#| msgid "%s: cannot create: %s"
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: %s:%d: cannot allocate %lu bytes"
-msgstr "%s: nu s-a putut crea: %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s:%d: nu se pot aloca %lu octeți"
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, și următoarele, pot să fie
+# vizualizate, rulînd comanda:
+# «bash -c help», dintr-un shell diferit de «bash»;
+# «help», dintr-un shell «bash».
#: builtins.c:45
msgid "alias [-p] [name[=value] ... ]"
msgstr "alias [-p] [nume[=valoare] ... ]"
#: builtins.c:49
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "unalias [-a] [name ...]"
msgid "unalias [-a] name [name ...]"
-msgstr "unalias [-a] [nume ...]"
+msgstr "unalias [-a] nume [nume ...]"
#: builtins.c:53
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "bind [-lpvsPVS] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-r keyseq] [keyseq:readline-function]"
msgid "bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
-msgstr "bind [-lpvsPVS] [-m keymap] [-f nume_fișier] [-q nume] [-r keyseq] [keyseq:funcție readline]"
+msgstr "bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m comb_taste] [-f nume_fișier] [-q nume] [-u nume] [-r secv_taste] [-x secv_taste:comandă_shell] [secv_taste:funcție-readline sau comandă-readline]"
#: builtins.c:56
msgid "break [n]"
#: builtins.c:60
msgid "builtin [shell-builtin [arg ...]]"
-msgstr "builtin [shell-builtin [arg ...]]"
+msgstr "builtin [comandă_internă-shell [arg ...]]"
#: builtins.c:63
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "test [expr]"
msgid "caller [expr]"
-msgstr "test [expr]"
+msgstr "caller [expr]"
#: builtins.c:66
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "cd [-PL] [dir]"
msgid "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [dir]"
-msgstr "cd [-PL] [dir]"
+msgstr "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [dir]"
#: builtins.c:68
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "pwd [-PL]"
msgid "pwd [-LP]"
-msgstr "pwd [-PL]"
+msgstr "pwd [-LP]"
#: builtins.c:76
msgid "command [-pVv] command [arg ...]"
msgstr "command [-pVv] comandă [arg ...]"
#: builtins.c:78
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "declare [-afFrxi] [-p] name[=value] ..."
msgid "declare [-aAfFgiIlnrtux] [-p] [name[=value] ...]"
-msgstr "declare [-afFrxi] [-p] nume[=valoare] ..."
+msgstr "declare [-aAfFgiIlnrtux] [-p] [nume[=valoare] ...]"
#: builtins.c:80
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "typeset [-afFrxi] [-p] name[=value] ..."
msgid "typeset [-aAfFgiIlnrtux] [-p] name[=value] ..."
-msgstr "typeset [-afFrxi] [-p] nume[=valoare] ..."
+msgstr "typeset [-aAfFgiIlnrtux] [-p] nume[=valoare] ..."
#: builtins.c:82
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "local name[=value] ..."
msgid "local [option] name[=value] ..."
-msgstr "local nume[=valoare] ..."
+msgstr "local [opțiune] nume[=valoare] ..."
#: builtins.c:85
msgid "echo [-neE] [arg ...]"
msgstr "echo [-n] [arg ...]"
#: builtins.c:92
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "enable [-pnds] [-a] [-f filename] [name ...]"
msgid "enable [-a] [-dnps] [-f filename] [name ...]"
-msgstr "enable [-pnds] [-a] [-f nume_fișier] [nume ...]"
+msgstr "enable [-a] [-dnps] [-f nume_fișier]] [nume ...]"
#: builtins.c:94
msgid "eval [arg ...]"
msgstr "eval [arg ...]"
#: builtins.c:96
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "getopts optstring name [arg]"
msgid "getopts optstring name [arg ...]"
-msgstr "getopts optstring nume [arg]"
+msgstr "getopts șir_opțiuni nume [arg ...]"
#: builtins.c:98
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "exec [-cl] [-a name] file [redirection ...]"
msgid "exec [-cl] [-a name] [command [argument ...]] [redirection ...]"
-msgstr "exec [-cl] [-a nume] fișier [redirectare ...]"
+msgstr "exec [-cl] [-a nume] [comandă [argument ...]] [redirectare ...]"
#: builtins.c:100
msgid "exit [n]"
msgstr "exit [n]"
#: builtins.c:102
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "logout"
msgid "logout [n]"
-msgstr "logout"
+msgstr "logout [n]"
#: builtins.c:105
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "fc [-e ename] [-nlr] [first] [last] or fc -s [pat=rep] [cmd]"
msgid "fc [-e ename] [-lnr] [first] [last] or fc -s [pat=rep] [command]"
-msgstr "fc [-e enume] [-nlr] [prim] [u8ltim] sau fc -s [pat=rep] [cmd]"
+msgstr "fc [-e enume] [-lnr] [prim] [ultim] sau fc -s [pat=rep] [comandă]"
#: builtins.c:109
msgid "fg [job_spec]"
-msgstr "fg [job_spec]"
+msgstr "fg [id_lucrare]"
#: builtins.c:113
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "bg [job_spec]"
msgid "bg [job_spec ...]"
-msgstr "bg [job_spec]"
+msgstr "bg [id_lucrare ...]"
#: builtins.c:116
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "hash [-r] [-p pathname] [name ...]"
msgid "hash [-lr] [-p pathname] [-dt] [name ...]"
-msgstr "hash [-r] [-p nume_cale] [nume ...]"
+msgstr "hash [-lr] [-p nume_rută [-dt] [nume ...]"
#: builtins.c:119
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "help [pattern ...]"
msgid "help [-dms] [pattern ...]"
-msgstr "help [tipar ...]"
+msgstr "help [-dms] [tipar ...]"
#: builtins.c:123
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "history [-c] [n] or history -awrn [filename] or history -ps arg [arg...]"
msgid "history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg [arg...]"
-msgstr "history [-c] [n] sau history -awrn [nume_fișier] sau history -ps arg [arg...]"
+msgstr "history [-c] [-d decalaj] [n] sau history -anrw [nume_fișier] sau history -ps arg [arg...]"
#: builtins.c:127
msgid "jobs [-lnprs] [jobspec ...] or jobs -x command [args]"
-msgstr "jobs [-lnprs] [jobspec ...] sau jobs -x comandă [args]"
+msgstr "jobs [-lnprs] [id_lucrare ...] sau jobs -x comandă [args]"
#: builtins.c:131
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "disown [jobspec ...]"
msgid "disown [-h] [-ar] [jobspec ... | pid ...]"
-msgstr "disown [jobspec ...]"
+msgstr "disown [-h] [-ar] [id_lucrare ... | pid ...]"
#: builtins.c:134
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] [pid | job]... or kill -l [sigspec]"
msgid "kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l [sigspec]"
-msgstr "kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] [pid | job]... sau kill -l [sigspec]"
+msgstr "kill [-s id_semnal | -n num_semnal | -id_semnal] pid | id_lucrare ... sau kill -l [id_semnal]"
#: builtins.c:136
msgid "let arg [arg ...]"
#: builtins.c:138
msgid "read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "read [-ers] [-a matrice] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nr_carac] [-N nr_carac [-p prompt] [-t timp] [-u fd] [nume ...]"
#: builtins.c:140
msgid "return [n]"
msgstr "return [n]"
#: builtins.c:142
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "set [--abefhkmnptuvxBCHP] [-o option] [arg ...]"
msgid "set [-abefhkmnptuvxBCHP] [-o option-name] [--] [arg ...]"
-msgstr "set [--abefhkmnptuvxBCHP] [-o opțiune] [arg ...]"
+msgstr "set [-abefhkmnptuvxBCHP] [-o nume-opțiune] [--] [arg ...]"
#: builtins.c:144
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "unset [-f] [-v] [name ...]"
msgid "unset [-f] [-v] [-n] [name ...]"
-msgstr "unset [-f] [-v] [nume ...]"
+msgstr "unset [-f] [-v] [-n] [nume ...]"
#: builtins.c:146
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "export [-nf] [name ...] or export -p"
msgid "export [-fn] [name[=value] ...] or export -p"
-msgstr "export [-nf] [nume ...] sau export -p"
+msgstr "export [-fn] [nume[=valoare] ...] sau export -p"
#: builtins.c:148
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "readonly [-anf] [name ...] or readonly -p"
msgid "readonly [-aAf] [name[=value] ...] or readonly -p"
-msgstr "readonly [-anf] [nume ...] sau readonly -p"
+msgstr "readonly [-aAf] [nume[=valoare] ...] sau readonly -p"
#: builtins.c:150
msgid "shift [n]"
msgstr "shift [n]"
#: builtins.c:152
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "source filename"
msgid "source filename [arguments]"
-msgstr "nume fișier sursă"
+msgstr "source nume_fișier [argumente]"
#: builtins.c:154
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ". filename"
msgid ". filename [arguments]"
-msgstr ". nume fișier"
+msgstr ". nume_fișier [argumente]"
#: builtins.c:157
msgid "suspend [-f]"
msgstr "[ arg... ]"
#: builtins.c:166
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "trap [arg] [signal_spec] or trap -l"
msgid "trap [-lp] [[arg] signal_spec ...]"
-msgstr "trap [arg] [signal_spec] sau trap -l"
+msgstr "trap [-lp] [[arg] id_semnal ...]"
#: builtins.c:168
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "type [-apt] name [name ...]"
msgid "type [-afptP] name [name ...]"
-msgstr "type [-apt] nume [nume ...]"
+msgstr "type [-afptP] nume [nume ...]"
#: builtins.c:171
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "ulimit [-SHacdfmstpnuv] [limit]"
msgid "ulimit [-SHabcdefiklmnpqrstuvxPT] [limit]"
-msgstr "ulimit [-SHacdfmstpnuv] [limită]"
+msgstr "ulimit [-SHabcdefiklmnpqrstuvxPT] [limită]"
#: builtins.c:174
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "umask [-S] [mode]"
msgid "umask [-p] [-S] [mode]"
-msgstr "umask [-S] [mod]"
+msgstr "umask [-p] [-S] [mod]"
#: builtins.c:177
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "echo [-n] [arg ...]"
msgid "wait [-fn] [-p var] [id ...]"
-msgstr "echo [-n] [arg ...]"
+msgstr "wait [-fn] [-p var] [id ...]"
#: builtins.c:181
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "wait [n]"
msgid "wait [pid ...]"
-msgstr "wait [n]"
+msgstr "wait [pid ...]"
#: builtins.c:184
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "for NAME [in WORDS ... ;] do COMMANDS; done"
msgid "for NAME [in WORDS ... ] ; do COMMANDS; done"
-msgstr "for NUME [în EXPRESIE ... ;] execută COMENZI; done"
+msgstr "for NUME [in CUVINTE ... ] ; do COMENZI; done"
#: builtins.c:186
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "for NAME [in WORDS ... ;] do COMMANDS; done"
msgid "for (( exp1; exp2; exp3 )); do COMMANDS; done"
-msgstr "for NUME [în EXPRESIE ... ;] execută COMENZI; done"
+msgstr "for (( exp1; exp2; exp3 )); do COMENZI; done"
#: builtins.c:188
msgid "select NAME [in WORDS ... ;] do COMMANDS; done"
-msgstr "select NUME [în EXPRESIE ... ;] execută COMENZI; done"
+msgstr "select NUME [in CUVINTE ... ;] do COMENZI; done"
#: builtins.c:190
msgid "time [-p] pipeline"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "time [-p] secvența_de_comenzi(pipeline)"
#: builtins.c:192
msgid "case WORD in [PATTERN [| PATTERN]...) COMMANDS ;;]... esac"
-msgstr "case EXPRESIE în [TIPAR[[TIPAR]..) COMENZI ;;]... esac"
+msgstr "case CUVÂNT in [MODEL[[MODEL]..) COMENZI ;;]... esac"
#: builtins.c:194
msgid "if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else COMMANDS; ] fi"
#: builtins.c:200
msgid "coproc [NAME] command [redirections]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "coproc [NUME] comanda [redirecționări]"
#: builtins.c:202
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "function NAME { COMMANDS ; } or NAME () { COMMANDS ; }"
msgid "function name { COMMANDS ; } or name () { COMMANDS ; }"
-msgstr "function NUME { COMENZI ; } sau NUME () { COMENZI ; }"
+msgstr "function nume { COMENZI ; } sau nume () { COMENZI ; }"
#: builtins.c:204
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "{ COMMANDS }"
msgid "{ COMMANDS ; }"
-msgstr "{ COMENZI }"
+msgstr "{ COMENZI ; }"
#: builtins.c:206
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "fg [job_spec]"
msgid "job_spec [&]"
-msgstr "fg [job_spec]"
+msgstr "id_lucrare [&]"
#: builtins.c:208
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "expression expected"
msgid "(( expression ))"
-msgstr "se așteaptă expresie"
+msgstr "(( expresie ))"
#: builtins.c:210
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "expression expected"
msgid "[[ expression ]]"
-msgstr "se așteaptă expresie"
+msgstr "[[ expresie ]]"
#: builtins.c:212
msgid "variables - Names and meanings of some shell variables"
-msgstr "variabile - Numele și înțelesurile unor variabile din shell"
+msgstr "variables - Numele și semnificațiile unor variabile din shell"
#: builtins.c:215
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "pushd [dir | +N | -N] [-n]"
msgid "pushd [-n] [+N | -N | dir]"
-msgstr "pushd [dir | +N | -N] [-n]"
+msgstr "pushd [-n] [+N | -N | dir]"
#: builtins.c:219
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "popd [+N | -N] [-n]"
msgid "popd [-n] [+N | -N]"
-msgstr "popd [+N | -N] [-n]"
+msgstr "popd [-n] [+N | -N]"
#: builtins.c:223
msgid "dirs [-clpv] [+N] [-N]"
msgstr "dirs [-clpv] [+N] [-N]"
#: builtins.c:226
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "shopt [-pqsu] [-o long-option] optname [optname...]"
msgid "shopt [-pqsu] [-o] [optname ...]"
-msgstr "shopt [-pqsu] [-o opțiune lungă] nume_opt [nume_opt...]"
+msgstr "shopt [-pqsu] [-o] [nume_opțiune ...]"
#: builtins.c:228
msgid "printf [-v var] format [arguments]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "printf [-v var] format [argumente]"
#: builtins.c:231
msgid "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DEI] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [name ...]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DEI] [-o opțiune] [-A acțiune] [-G tipar_glob] [-W listă_cuvinte] [-F funcție] [-C comandă] [-X tipar_filtru [- P prefix] [-S sufix] [nume ...]"
#: builtins.c:235
msgid "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o opțiune] [-A acțiune] [-G tipar_glob] [-W listă_cuvinte] [-F funcție] [-C comandă] [-X tipar_filtru] [-P prefix] [-S sufix] [cuvânt]"
#: builtins.c:239
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "unset [-f] [-v] [name ...]"
msgid "compopt [-o|+o option] [-DEI] [name ...]"
-msgstr "unset [-f] [-v] [nume ...]"
+msgstr "compopt [-o|+o opțiune] [-DEI] [nume ...]"
#: builtins.c:242
msgid "mapfile [-d delim] [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "mapfile [-d delim] [-n cont] [-O origin] [-s cont] [-t] [-u fd] [-C apelare] [-c cantitate] [matrice]"
#: builtins.c:244
msgid "readarray [-d delim] [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
-msgstr ""
-
+msgstr "readarray [-d delim] [-n cantitate] [-O origine] [-s cantitate] [-t] [-u fd] [-C apelare] [-c sumă_de] [matrice]"
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help alias», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help alias"», din «bash», sau dintr-un
+# shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:256
msgid ""
"Define or display aliases.\n"
" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has been\n"
" defined."
msgstr ""
+"Definește sau afișează alias.\n"
+" \n"
+" Fără argumente, «alias» imprimă lista de alias în forma reutilizabilă\n"
+" „alias NUME=VALOARE” la ieșirea standard (pe ecran).\n"
+" \n"
+" În caz contrar, un alias este definit pentru fiecare NUME a cărui VALOARE\n"
+" este dată. Un spațiu final în VALOARE, face ca următorul cuvânt să fie\n"
+" verificat pentru înlocuirea aliasului atunci când aliasul este extins.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -p\timprimă toate alias definite într-un format reutilizabil\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" «alias» returnează adevărat, cu excepția cazului în care este furnizat\n"
+" un NUME pentru care nu a fost definit niciun alias."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help unalias», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help unalias"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:278
msgid ""
"Remove each NAME from the list of defined aliases.\n"
" \n"
" Return success unless a NAME is not an existing alias."
msgstr ""
+"Elimină fiecare NUME din lista de aliasuri definite.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -a\telimină toate definițiile de alias\n"
+" \n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care un NUME nu este un alias existent."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help bind», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help bind"», din «bash», sau dintr-un
+# shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:291
msgid ""
"Set Readline key bindings and variables.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" bind returns 0 unless an unrecognized option is given or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-
+"Configurează legăturile de taste și variabilele Readline.\n"
+" \n"
+" Asociază o secvență de taste cu o funcție Readline sau cu o macrocomandă\n"
+" sau configurează o variabilă Readline. Sintaxa argumentului fără opțiune \n"
+" este echivalentă cu cea găsită în ~/.inputrc, dar trebuie transmisă ca un\n"
+" singur argument; de exp.: bind '\"\\C-x\\C-r\": re-read-init-file'.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -m keymap Utilizează KEYMAP ca hartă de taste pe durata acestei\n"
+" comenzi. Numele valabile pentru hărți de taste sunt emacs,\n"
+" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,\n"
+" vi-command, și vi-insert.\n"
+" -l Enumeră numele funcțiilor.\n"
+" -P Enumeră numele și asocierile funcțiilor.\n"
+" -p Enumeră funcțiile și asocierile într-o formă care poate fi\n"
+" reutilizată ca intrare.\n"
+" -S Enumeră secvențele de chei care invocă macrocomenzi și\n"
+" valorile acestora\n"
+" -s Enumeră secvențele de chei care invocă macrocomenzi și\n"
+" valorile acestora într-o formă care poate fi reutilizată ca intrare.\n"
+" -V Enumeră numele și valorile variabilelor\n"
+" -v Enumeră numele și valorile variabilelor într-o formă care\n"
+" poate fi reutilizată ca intrare.\n"
+" -q nume-funcție Se utilizează pentru a afla care taste invocă funcția numită.\n"
+" -u nume-funcție Dezasociază toate tastele care sunt asociate cu funcția numită.\n"
+" -r sec-taste Elimină asocierea pentru sec-taste numită.\n"
+" -f nume-fișier Citește asocierile de taste din fișierul al cărui nume a fost dat.\n"
+" -x sec-taste:comandă-shell\tDetermină executarea comandă-shell când este\n"
+" \t\t\t\tintrodusă sec-taste.\n"
+" -X Enumeră secvențele de taste asociate cu -x și comenzile asociate într-o\n"
+" formă care poate fi reutilizată ca intrare.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" «bind» returnează 0, cu excepția cazului în care este dată o opțiune nerecunoscută, sau apare o eroare."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help break», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help break"», din «bash», sau dintr-un
+# shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:330
msgid ""
"Exit for, while, or until loops.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" The exit status is 0 unless N is not greater than or equal to 1."
msgstr ""
+"Termină buclele for, while, sau until.\n"
+" \n"
+" Termină o buclă FOR, WHILE sau UNTIL. Dacă se specifică N, termină\n"
+" numărul de bucle specificat.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Starea de ieșire este 0, cu excepția cazului în care N nu este mai mare sau egal cu 1."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help continue», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help continue"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:342
msgid ""
"Resume for, while, or until loops.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" The exit status is 0 unless N is not greater than or equal to 1."
msgstr ""
+"Reia buclele for, while, sau until.\n"
+" \n"
+" Reia următoarea iterație a buclei curente FOR, WHILE sau UNTIL.\n"
+" Dacă se specifică N, reia bucla și continuă pentru N niveluri în continuare.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Starea de ieșire este 0, cu excepția cazului în care N nu este mai mare sau egal cu 1."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help builtin», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help builtin"», din «bash», sau dintr-un
+# shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:354
msgid ""
"Execute shell builtins.\n"
" Returns the exit status of SHELL-BUILTIN, or false if SHELL-BUILTIN is\n"
" not a shell builtin."
msgstr ""
+"Execută comenzile interne de shell.\n"
+" \n"
+" Execută SHELL-BUILTIN cu argumentele ARG fără a efectua căutarea comenzilor.\n"
+" Acest lucru este util atunci când doriți să reimplementați o comandă internă de shell\n"
+" ca o funcție shell, dar trebuie să executați comanda internă în cadrul funcției.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează starea de ieșire a lui SHELL-BUILTIN sau false dacă SHELL-BUILTIN nu\n"
+" este o comandă internă de shell."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help caller», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help caller"», din «bash», sau dintr-un
+# shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:369
msgid ""
"Return the context of the current subroutine call.\n"
" Returns 0 unless the shell is not executing a shell function or EXPR\n"
" is invalid."
msgstr ""
+"Returnează contextul apelului subrutinei curente.\n"
+" \n"
+" Fără EXPR, returnează „$line $filename”. Cu EXPR, returnează\n"
+" „$line $subroutine $filename”; aceste informații suplimentare pot fi\n"
+" utilizate pentru a furniza o urmărire a stivei.\n"
+" \n"
+" Valoarea EXPR indică câte cadre de apel trebuie să se întoarcă înaintea\n"
+" celui curent; cadrul superior este cadrul 0.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează 0, cu excepția cazului în care shell-ul nu execută o funcție shell\n"
+" sau EXPR nu este validă."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help cd», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help cd"», din «bash», sau dintr-un
+# shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:387
msgid ""
"Change the shell working directory.\n"
" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully when\n"
" -P is used; non-zero otherwise."
msgstr ""
-
+"Schimbă directorul de lucru al shell-ului.\n"
+" \n"
+" Schimbă directorul actual cu DIR. DIR implicit este valoarea variabilei de \n"
+" shell HOME.\n"
+" \n"
+" Variabila CDPATH definește calea de căutare pentru directorul care conține\n"
+" DIR. Numele alternative ale directoarelor din CDPATH sunt separate prin\n"
+" două puncte (:). Numele unui director nul este același cu directorul curent.\n"
+" Dacă DIR începe cu o bară oblică (/), atunci CDPATH nu este utilizat.\n"
+" \n"
+" Dacă directorul nu este găsit și opțiunea de shell „cdable_vars” este setată,\n"
+" cuvântul se presupune a fi un nume de variabilă. Dacă acea variabilă are o\n"
+" valoare, valoarea ei este utilizată pentru DIR.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -L\tforțează ca legăturile simbolice să fie urmate: rezolvă \n"
+" \t\tlegăturile simbolice din DIR după procesarea instanțelor de „..”\n"
+" -P\tutilizează structura fizică a directorului fără a urma legăturile\n"
+" \t\tsimbolice: rezolvă legăturile simbolice din DIR înainte de a\n"
+" \t\tprocesa instanțe de „..”\n"
+" -e\tdacă este furnizată opțiunea „-P” și directorul de lucru curent\n"
+" \t\tnu poate fi determinat cu succes, iese cu o stare diferită de\n"
+" \t\tzero\n"
+" -@\tpe sistemele care acceptă acest lucru, prezintă un fișier cu\n"
+" \t\tatribute extinse, ca un director care conține atributele fișierului\n"
+" \n"
+" Modul implicit este să urmeze legături simbolice, ca și cum ar fi fost specificat „-L”.\n"
+" „..” este procesat prin eliminarea componentei de cale imediat anterioară până\n"
+" la o bară oblică sau la începutul DIR.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează 0 dacă directorul este schimbat și dacă $PWD este stabilit cu succes atunci\n"
+" când este utilizat „-P”; diferit de zero, în caz contrar."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help pwd», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help pwd"», din «bash», sau dintr-un
+# shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:425
msgid ""
"Print the name of the current working directory.\n"
" Returns 0 unless an invalid option is given or the current directory\n"
" cannot be read."
msgstr ""
+"Imprimă numele directorului de lucru curent.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -L\timprimă valoarea lui $PWD dacă aceasta numește directorul de\n"
+" \t\tlucru curent\n"
+" -P\timprimă directorul fizic, fără nicio legătură simbolică\n"
+" \n"
+" În mod implicit, „pwd” se comportă ca și cum „-L” ar fi fost specificat.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează 0, cu excepția cazului în care este dată o opțiune nevalidă\n"
+" sau directorul curent nu poate fi citit."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help :», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help :"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:442
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid "No effect; the command does nothing. A zero exit code is returned."
msgid ""
"Null command.\n"
" \n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Always succeeds."
-msgstr "Nici un efect, comanda nu face nimic. Un cod de ieșire zero este returnat."
+msgstr ""
+"Comandă nulă.\n"
+" \n"
+" Fără efect; comanda nu face nimic.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Întotdeauna reușește(0)."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help true», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help true"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:453
msgid ""
"Return a successful result.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Always succeeds."
msgstr ""
+"Returnează un rezultat de succes(0).\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Întotdeauna reușește(0)."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help false», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help false"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:462
msgid ""
"Return an unsuccessful result.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Always fails."
msgstr ""
+"Returnează un rezultat nereușit(≠0).\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Întotdeauna eșuează(≠0)."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help command», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help command"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:471
msgid ""
"Execute a simple command or display information about commands.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns exit status of COMMAND, or failure if COMMAND is not found."
msgstr ""
-
+"Execută o comandă simplă sau afișează informații despre comenzi.\n"
+" \n"
+" Rulează COMANDA cu ARGumente care suprimă căutarea funcției shell sau afișează\n"
+" informații despre COMENZILE specificate. Se poate utiliza pentru a invoca comenzi\n"
+" de pe disc atunci când există o funcție cu același nume.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -p utilizează o valoare implicită pentru PATH ce garantează că se\n"
+" vor găsi toate utilitățile standard\n"
+" -v imprimă o descriere a COMENZII, similară cu cea a comenzii\n"
+" interne «type».\n"
+" -V imprimă o descriere mai detaliată pentru fiecare COMANDĂ\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează starea de ieșire a COMENZII sau eșuează dacă COMANDA nu este găsită."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# am tradus:
+# „-I if ... with the same name at a previous scope”, ca:
+# „-I dacă ... cu același nume dintr-un scop anterior”
+# ***
+# Întrebare:
+# dacă se traduce, ca:
+# „-I dacă ... cu același nume dintr-o sferă de aplicare anterioară”,
+# ar fi o traducere mai bună?
+# Opinii/Idei?
+# ==================================
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help declare», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help declare"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:490
msgid ""
"Set variable values and attributes.\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or a variable\n"
" assignment error occurs."
msgstr ""
-
+"Stabilește valorile și atributele variabilelor.\n"
+" \n"
+" Declară variabilele și-le atribuie atribute. Dacă nu sunt date NUME,\n"
+" afișează atributele și valorile tuturor variabilelor.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -f\trestricționează acțiunea sau afișarea, la numele și definițiile funcțiilor\n"
+" -F\trestricționează afișarea numai la numele funcțiilor (plus numărul de\n"
+" \t\tlinie și fișierul sursă, la depanare)\n"
+" -g\tcreează variabile globale atunci când sunt utilizate într-o funcție shell;\n"
+" \t\taltfel sunt ignorate\n"
+" -I\tdacă se creează o variabilă locală, moștenește atributele și valoarea\n"
+" \t\tunei variabile cu același nume dintr-un scop anterior\n"
+" -p\tafișează atributele și valoarea fiecărui NUME\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni care stabilesc atributele:\n"
+" -a\tstabilește NUME ca matrice indexată (dacă este acceptat)\n"
+" -A\tstabilește NUME ca matrice asociativă (dacă este acceptat)\n"
+" -i\tstabilește ca NUME să aibă atributul „integer”\n"
+" -l\tpentru a converti valoarea fiecărui NUME în minuscule, la atribuire\n"
+" -n\tface din NUME o referință la variabila numită după valoarea acesteia\n"
+" -r\tcreează NUME ca numai-citire\n"
+" -t\tstabilește ca NUME să aibă atributul „trace”\n"
+" -u\tpentru a converti valoarea fiecărui NUME în majuscule, la atribuire\n"
+" -x\tpentru a exporta NUME\n"
+" \n"
+" Utilizarea a „+” în loc de „-”, dezactivează atributul dat.\n"
+" \n"
+" Variabilele cu atributul întreg au o evaluare aritmetică (vezi comanda\n"
+" «let») efectuată atunci când variabilei i se atribuie o valoare.\n"
+" \n"
+" Când este folosită într-o funcție, «declare» face ca NUME să fie local, ca\n"
+" și în cazul comenzii «local». Opțiunea „-g” suprimă acest comportament.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care este furnizată o opțiune\n"
+" nevalidă sau apare o eroare de atribuire a variabilelor."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help typeset», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help typeset"», din «bash», sau dintr-un
+# shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:532
msgid ""
"Set variable values and attributes.\n"
" \n"
" A synonym for `declare'. See `help declare'."
msgstr ""
+"Stabilește valorile și atributele variabilelor.\n"
+" \n"
+" Un sinonim pentru „declare”. A se vedea „help declare”."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help local», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help local"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:540
msgid ""
"Define local variables.\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied, a variable\n"
" assignment error occurs, or the shell is not executing a function."
msgstr ""
+"Definește variabilele locale.\n"
+" \n"
+" Creează o variabilă locală numită NUME și îi dă această VALOARE.\n"
+" OPȚIUNE poate fi orice opțiune acceptată de «declare».\n"
+" \n"
+" Variabilele locale pot fi utilizate numai în cadrul unei funcții; sunt\n"
+" vizibile numai pentru funcția în care sunt definite și pentru copiii\n"
+" acesteia.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes cu excepția cazului în care este furnizată o opțiune\n"
+" nevalidă, apare o eroare de atribuire a variabilei sau shell-ul nu execută\n"
+" o funcție."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help echo», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help echo"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:557
msgid ""
"Write arguments to the standard output.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless a write error occurs."
msgstr ""
+"Scrie argumente la ieșirea standard.\n"
+" \n"
+" Afișează ARGumentele, separate printr-un singur caracter de spațiu și urmate\n"
+" de o nouă linie, în ieșirea standard.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -n\tnu adaugă o nouă linie\n"
+" -e\tactivează interpretarea următoarelor eludări de bară oblică inversă\n"
+" -E\tsuprimă în mod explicit interpretarea eludărilor de bară oblică inversă\n"
+" \n"
+" «echo» interpretează următoarele caractere de eludare de bară oblică inversă:\n"
+" \a\talertă (clopoțel)\n"
+" \\b\tmută cursorul înapoi cu unul sau mai multe spații\n"
+" \\c\tsuprimă ieșirea ulterioară\n"
+" \\e\tcaracter de eludare\n"
+" \\E\tcaracter de eludare\n"
+" \\f\talimentare cu „hîrtie”\n"
+" \\n\tlinie nouă\n"
+" \\r\treturul de caret↵\n"
+" \\t\ttabulator orizontal\n"
+" \\v\ttabulator vertical\n"
+" \\\\\tbară oblică inversă\n"
+" \\0nnn\tcaracterul al cărui cod ASCII este NNN (octal). NNN poate fi\n"
+" \t\tde la 0 la 3 digiți octali\n"
+" \\xHH\tcaracterul de opt biți a cărui valoare este HH (hexazecimal). HH\n"
+" \t\tpoate fi unu sau doi digiți hexazecimali\n"
+" \\uHHHH\tcaracterul Unicode a cărui valoare este valoarea hexazecimală HHHH.\n"
+" \t\tHHHH poate fi de la unu până la patru digiți hexazecimali.\n"
+" \\UHHHHHHHH caracterul Unicode a cărui valoare este valoarea hexazecimală\n"
+" \t\tHHHHHHHH. HHHHHHHH poate fi de la unu până la opt digiți hexazecimali.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes cu excepția cazului în care apare o eroare de scriere."
#: builtins.c:597
msgid ""
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless a write error occurs."
msgstr ""
+"Scrie argumente la ieșirea standard.\n"
+" \n"
+" Afișează ARGumentele la ieșirea standard urmate de o linie nouă.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -n\tnu adaugă o nouă linie\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes cu excepția cazului în care apare o eroare de scriere."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help enable», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help enable"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:612
msgid ""
"Enable and disable shell builtins.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless NAME is not a shell builtin or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
+"Activează și dezactivează comenzile interne ale shell-ului.\n"
+" \n"
+" Activează și dezactivează comenzile interne ale shell-ului. Dezactivarea\n"
+" vă permite să executați o comandă de pe disc care are același nume ca\n"
+" și comanda internă a shell-ului, fără a utiliza calea completă.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -a\tafișează lista comenzilor interne indicând dacă sunt activate sau nu\n"
+" -n\tdezactivează fiecare NUME sau afișează o listă de comenzi interne\n"
+" \t\tdezactivate\n"
+" -p\tafișează lista comenzilor interne într-un format reutilizabil\n"
+" -s\tafișează numai numele comenzilor interne „speciale” Posix\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni care controlează încărcarea dinamică:\n"
+" -f\tÎncarcă comanda internă NUME de la obiectul partajat NUME_FIȘIER\n"
+" -d\tElimină o comandă internă încărcată cu -f\n"
+" \n"
+" Fără opțiuni, fiecare NUME este activat.\n"
+" \n"
+" Pentru a utiliza comanda «test» găsită în $PATH în loc de comanda internă\n"
+" de shell, tastați «enable -n test».\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care NUME nu este o comandă shell internă sau apare o eroare."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help eval», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help eval"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:640
msgid ""
"Execute arguments as a shell command.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns exit status of command or success if command is null."
msgstr ""
+"Execută argumente ca o comandă de shell.\n"
+" \n"
+" Combină ARGumentele într-un singur șir, folosește rezultatul ca intrare în\n"
+" shell și execută comenzile rezultate.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează starea de ieșire a comenzii, sau succes dacă comanda este nulă."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help getopts», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help getopts"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:652
msgid ""
"Parse option arguments.\n"
" Returns success if an option is found; fails if the end of options is\n"
" encountered or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-
+"Analizează argumentele opțiunii.\n"
+" \n"
+" «getopts» este folosit de procedurile shell pentru a analiza parametrii\n"
+" poziționali ca opțiuni.\n"
+" \n"
+" ȘIR_OPȚIUNI conține literele de opțiune care trebuie recunoscute; dacă\n"
+" o literă este urmată de două puncte, se așteaptă ca opțiunea să aibă un\n"
+" argument, care ar trebui să fie separat de aceasta prin spațiu alb.\n"
+" \n"
+" De fiecare dată când este invocată, «getopts» va plasa următoarea opțiune\n"
+" în variabila shell $nume, inițializând nume dacă nu există, iar indexul\n"
+" următorului argument va fi procesat în variabila shell OPTIND. OPTIND este\n"
+" inițializată la 1 de fiecare dată când shell-ul sau un script shell este\n"
+" invocat. Când o opțiune necesită un argument, «getopts» plasează acel\n"
+" argument în variabila shell OPTARG.\n"
+" \n"
+" «getopts» raportează erorile într-unul dintre următoarele două moduri. Dacă\n"
+" primul caracter al lui ȘIR_OPȚIUNI este două puncte, «getopts» utilizează \n"
+" raportarea silențioasă a erorilor. În acest mod, nu este afișat niciun mesaj\n"
+" de eroare. Dacă se găsește o opțiune nevalidă, «getopts» plasează caracterul\n"
+" de opțiune găsit în OPTARG. Dacă nu este găsit un argument necesar, «getopts»\n"
+" plasează un „:” în NUME și pune în OPTARG caracterul de opțiune găsit. Dacă\n"
+" «getopts» nu este în modul silențios și se găsește o opțiune nevalidă, «getopts»\n"
+" plasează „?” în NUME și dezactivează OPTARG. Dacă nu este găsit un argument\n"
+" necesar, un „?” este plasat în NUME, OPTARG este dezactivată și este afișat un\n"
+" mesaj de diagnosticare.\n"
+" \n"
+" Dacă variabila shell OPTERR are valoarea 0, «getopts» dezactivează afișarea\n"
+" mesajelor de eroare, chiar dacă primul caracter al lui ȘIR_OPȚIUNI nu este \n"
+" două puncte „:”. OPTERR are valoarea 1 implicit.\n"
+" \n"
+" «getopts» analizează în mod normal parametrii de poziție, dar dacă argumentele\n"
+" sunt furnizate ca valori ARG, acestea sunt analizate în schimb.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes dacă este găsită o opțiune; eșuează dacă se întâlnește\n"
+" sfârșitul opțiunilor sau apare o eroare."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help exec», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help exec"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:694
msgid ""
"Replace the shell with the given command.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error occurs."
msgstr ""
+"Înlocuiește shell-ul cu comanda dată.\n"
+" \n"
+" Execută COMANDA, înlocuind acest shell cu programul specificat.\n"
+" ARGUMENTELE devin argumente pentru COMANDA. Dacă COMANDA nu este\n"
+" specificată, orice redirecționare va avea efect în shell-ul curent.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -a nume\tpasează NUME ca argument zero la COMANDA\n"
+" -c\texecută COMANDA într-un mediu gol\n"
+" -l\tplasează o liniuță în argumentul zero la COMANDA\n"
+" \n"
+" Dacă comanda nu poate fi executată, un shell non-interactiv se va închide, \n"
+" cu excepția cazului în care opțiunea shell „execfail” este setată.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care COMANDA nu este găsită sau\n"
+" apare o eroare de redirecționare."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help exit», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help exit"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:715
msgid ""
"Exit the shell.\n"
" Exits the shell with a status of N. If N is omitted, the exit status\n"
" is that of the last command executed."
msgstr ""
-"Ieste din shell.\n"
+"Iese din shell.\n"
" \n"
-" Iese din shell cu starea lui N. Dacă N este omis, starea de ieșire\n"
-" este starea ultimei comenzi executate."
+" Iese din shell cu starea lui N. Dacă N este omis, starea de ieșire\n"
+" este starea ultimei comenzi executate."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help logout», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help logout"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:724
msgid ""
"Exit a login shell.\n"
" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not executed\n"
" in a login shell."
msgstr ""
+"Iese din shell-ul de autentificare.\n"
+" \n"
+" Iese din shell-ul de autentificare cu starea de ieșire N. Returnează o eroare\n"
+" dacă nu este executată într-un shell de autentificare."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help fc», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help fc"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:734
msgid ""
"Display or execute commands from the history list.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-
+"Afișează sau execută comenzi din lista istoricului.\n"
+" \n"
+" «fc» se utilizează pentru a lista sau edita și re-executa comenzi din lista\n"
+" istoricului.\n"
+" PRIMA și ULTIMA pot fi numere care specifică intervalul sau PRIMA poate fi\n"
+" un șir, ceea ce înseamnă cea mai recentă comandă care începe cu acel șir.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -e NUME_EDIT\n"
+" \t\tselectează ce editor să utilizat. Implicit este FCEDIT, apoi \n"
+" \t\tEDITOR, apoi vi\n"
+" -l \tlistează linii în loc să editeze\n"
+" -n\tomite numerele de rând la listare\n"
+" -r\tinversează ordinea liniilor (cele mai noi sunt listate primele)\n"
+" \n"
+" Cu formatul «fc -s [tipar=înloc ...] [comanda]», COMANDA este re-executată\n"
+" după ce este efectuată înlocuirea VECHE=NOUĂ.\n"
+" \n"
+" Un alias util de folosit cu aceasta, este «r='fc -s'», astfel încât tastând \n"
+" «r cc» se execută ultima comandă ce începe cu „cc” și tastând «r» se execută\n"
+" din nou ultima comandă folosită.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succesul sau starea comenzii executate; diferit de zero dacă\n"
+" apare o eroare."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help fg», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help fg"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:764
msgid ""
"Move job to the foreground.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Status of command placed in foreground, or failure if an error occurs."
msgstr ""
+"Mută procesul în primul plan.\n"
+" \n"
+" Plasează procesul identificat de ID_PROC în primul plan, făcându-l procesul\n"
+" curent. Dacă ID_PROC nu este prezent, este utilizată noțiunea shell-ului\n"
+" despre procesul curent\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Starea comenzii plasată în prim-plan sau eșec dacă apare o eroare."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help bg», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help bg"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:779
msgid ""
"Move jobs to the background.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless job control is not enabled or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
+"Mută procesul în fundal.\n"
+" \n"
+" Plasează procesele identificate de fiecare ID_PROC în fundal, ca și cum ar fi\n"
+" fost pornite cu „&”. Dacă ID_PROC nu este prezent, se folosește noțiunea\n"
+" shell-ului despre procesul curent.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care controlul procesului nu este\n"
+" activat sau apare o eroare."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help hash», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help hash"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:793
msgid ""
"Remember or display program locations.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless NAME is not found or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
-
+"Memorizează sau afișează locațiile programelor.\n"
+" \n"
+" Determină și memorizează calea completă a fiecărei comenzi NUME. Dacă nu\n"
+" sunt date argumente, sunt afișate informații despre comenzile memorate.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -d\tuită locația reținută pentru fiecare NUME\n"
+" -l\tafișează într-un format care poate fi reutilizat ca intrare\n"
+" -p calenume\n"
+" \tutilizează CALENUME drept calea completă a NUME\n"
+" -r\tuită toate locațiile memorizate\n"
+" -t\tafișează locația reținută a fiecărui NUME, precedând fiecare\n"
+" \t\tlocație cu NUMELE corespunzător dacă sunt date mai multe NUME\n"
+" Argumente:\n"
+" NUME\tFiecare NUME este căutat în $PATH și adăugat la lista comenzilor\n"
+" \t\tmemorate.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care NUME nu este găsit sau\n"
+" este dată o opțiune nevalidă."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help help», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help help"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:818
msgid ""
"Display information about builtin commands.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
+"Afișează informații despre comenzile interne.\n"
+" \n"
+" Afișează scurte rezumate ale comenzilor interne. Dacă TIPAR, este\n"
+" specificat, oferă ajutor detaliat pentru toate comenzile care se potrivesc\n"
+" cu TIPARul, în caz contrar, este afișată lista temelor de ajutor.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -d\tafișează o scurtă descriere pentru fiecare temă\n"
+" -m\tafișează utilizarea în format pseudo-pagină de manual\n"
+" -s\tafișează doar un scurt rezumat de utilizare pentru\n"
+" \t\tfiecare temă care se potrivește cu TIPAR\n"
+" \n"
+" Argumente:\n"
+" TIPAR \tTIPAR care specifică o temă de ajutor\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care TIPAR nu este găsit sau este\n"
+" dată o opțiune nevalidă."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help history», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help history"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:842
msgid ""
"Display or manipulate the history list.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-
+"Afișează sau manipulează lista istoricului.\n"
+" \n"
+" Afișează lista istoricului cu numere de linie, prefixând fiecare intrare\n"
+" modificată cu un „*”. Un argument de N, listează numai ultimele N intrări.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -c\tșterge lista istoricului ștergând toate intrările\n"
+" -d poziție\n"
+" \t\tșterge intrarea din istoric de la poziția POZIȚIE. Pozițiile\n"
+" \t\tnegative se numără înapoi de la sfârșitul listei istoricului\n"
+" \n"
+" -a\tadaugă linii istorice din această sesiune la fișierul istoricului\n"
+" -n\tcitește toate liniile istorice care nu sunt deja citite din\n"
+" \t\tfișierul istoricului și le adaugă la lista istoricului\n"
+" -r\tcitește fișierul istoricului și îi adaugă conținutul la lista\n"
+" \t\tistoricului\n"
+" -w\tscrie istoricul curent în fișierul istoricului\n"
+" \n"
+" -p\tefectuează extinderea istoricului pentru fiecare ARG și afișează\n"
+" \t\trezultatul fără a-l stoca în lista istoricului\n"
+" -s\tadaugă ARGumentele la lista istoricului ca o singură intrare\n"
+" \n"
+" Dacă NUME_FIȘIER este dat, acesta este utilizat ca fișierul istoricului.\n"
+" Altfel, dacă HISTFILE are o valoare, aceasta este folosită, dacă nu are,\n"
+" se folosește ~/.bash_history.\n"
+" \n"
+" Dacă variabila HISTTIMEFORMAT este definită și nu este nulă, valoarea ei este\n"
+" utilizată ca șir de format pentru strftime(3) pentru a imprima marcajul de\n"
+" timp asociat cu fiecare intrare din istoric afișată. În caz contrar, nu se\n"
+" imprimă marcajele de timp.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care este dată o opțiune nevalidă\n"
+" sau apare o eroare."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help jobs», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help jobs"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:879
msgid ""
"Display status of jobs.\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs.\n"
" If -x is used, returns the exit status of COMMAND."
msgstr ""
-
+"Afișează starea proceselor.\n"
+" \n"
+" Listează procesele active. ID_PROC, restrânge afișarea la acel proces.\n"
+" Fără opțiuni, se afișează starea tuturor proceselor active.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -l\tlistează ID-urile proceselor, pe lângă informațiile normale\n"
+" -n\tlistează numai procesele care s-au schimbat de la ultima notificare\n"
+" -p\tlistează numai ID-urile proceselor\n"
+" -r\trestrânge afișarea, la procesele în execuție\n"
+" -s\trestrânge afișarea, la procesele oprite\n"
+" \n"
+" Dacă este furnizată -x, COMANDA este rulată după ce toate specificațiile\n"
+" procesului care apar în ARGumente au fost înlocuite cu ID-ul de proces al\n"
+" liderului grupului de procese, al procesului respectiv.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care este dată o opțiune nevalidă\n"
+" sau apare o eroare.\n"
+" Dacă se utilizează „-x”, returnează starea de ieșire a COMENZII."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help disown», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help disown"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:906
msgid ""
"Remove jobs from current shell.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option or JOBSPEC is given."
msgstr ""
+"Elimină procese din shell-ul actual.\n"
+" \n"
+" Elimină fiecare argument ID_PROC din tabelul de procese active. Fără\n"
+" niciun ID_PROC, shell-ul folosește noțiunea sa de proces curent.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -a\telimină toate procesele dacă ID_PROC nu este furnizat\n"
+" -h\tmarchează fiecare ID_PROC astfel încât SIGHUP să nu fie trimis\n"
+" \t\tla proces dacă shell-ul primește un semnal SIGHUP\n"
+" -r\telimină numai procesele care rulează\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care este dată o opțiune nevalidă\n"
+" sau ID_PROC."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help kill», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help kill"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:925
msgid ""
"Send a signal to a job.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-
+"Trimite un semnal către un proces.\n"
+" \n"
+" Trimite proceselor identificate prin PID sau JOBSPEC semnalul numit de\n"
+" SIGSPEC sau de SIGNUM. Dacă nici SIGSPEC, nici SIGNUM nu sunt\n"
+" prezente, atunci se presupune SIGTERM.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -s sig\tSIG este un nume de semnal\n"
+" -n sig\tSIG este un număr de semnal\n"
+" -l\tlistează numele semnalelor; dacă după „-l” urmează argumente, se\n"
+" \t\tpresupune că sunt numere de semnal pentru care ar trebui listate\n"
+" \t\tnume\n"
+" -L\tsinonim cu -l\n"
+" \n"
+" Kill este o comandă internă de shell din două motive: permite utilizarea\n"
+" ID-urilor de job în locul ID-urilor de proces și permite omorârea proceselor\n"
+" dacă este atinsă limita de procese pe care le puteți crea.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care este dată o opțiune nevalidă\n"
+" sau apare o eroare."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help let», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help let"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:949
msgid ""
"Evaluate arithmetic expressions.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" If the last ARG evaluates to 0, let returns 1; let returns 0 otherwise."
msgstr ""
-
+"Evaluează expresii aritmetice.\n"
+" \n"
+" Evaluează fiecare ARGument ca o expresie aritmetică. Evaluarea se face\n"
+" în numere întregi cu lățime fixă, fără verificarea depășirii, dar împărțirea\n"
+" la 0 este detectată și semnalată ca o eroare. Următoarea listă de operatori\n"
+" este grupată în grupuri de operatori cu prioritate egală. Nivelurile sunt\n"
+" listate în ordinea descrescătoare a priorității.\n"
+" \n"
+" \tid++, id--\tpost-incrementare, post-decrementare a variabilei\n"
+" \t++id, --id\tpre-incrementare, pre-decrementare a variabilei\n"
+" \t-, +\t\tminus unar, plus unar\n"
+" \t!, ~\t\tnegații logice și binare\n"
+" \t**\t\texponențial\n"
+" \t*, /, %\t\tînmulțire, împărțire, rest\n"
+" \t+, -\t\tadunare, scădere\n"
+" \t<<, >>\t\tdeplasare binară la stânga și la dreapta\n"
+" \t<=, >=, <, >\tcomparare\n"
+" \t==, !=\t\tegalitate, inegalitate\n"
+" \t&\t\tși (AND) binar\n"
+" \t^\t\tsau exclusiv (XOR) binar\n"
+" \t|\t\tsau (OR) binar\n"
+" \t&&\t\tlși (AND) logic\n"
+" \t||\t\tsau (OR) logic\n"
+" \texpr ? expr : expr\n"
+" \t\t\toperator condițional\n"
+" \t=, *=, /=, %=,\n"
+" \t+=, -=, <<=, >>=,\n"
+" \t&=, ^=, |=\tasignare\n"
+" \n"
+" Variabilele shell sunt permise ca operanzi. Numele variabilei este\n"
+" înlocuit cu valoarea acesteia (constrânsă la un număr întreg cu \n"
+" lățime fixă) în cadrul unei expresii. Nu este necesar ca variabila să\n"
+" aibă atributul întreg activat pentru a fi utilizată într-o expresie.\n"
+" \n"
+" Operatorii sunt evaluați în ordinea de prioritate. Subexpresiile din\n"
+" paranteze sunt evaluate mai întâi și pot suprascrie regulile de\n"
+" precedență de mai sus.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Dacă ultimul ARGument este evaluat la 0, «let» returnează 1; în caz contrar,\n"
+" «let» returnează 0."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help read», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help read"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:994
msgid ""
"Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.\n"
" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error occurs,\n"
" or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u."
msgstr ""
-
+"Citește o linie din intrarea standard și o împarte în câmpuri.\n"
+" \n"
+" Citește o singură linie din intrarea standard sau din descriptorul de fișier\n"
+" FD dacă este furnizată opțiunea -u. Linia este împărțită în câmpuri ca în\n"
+" cazul împărțirii cuvintelor, iar primul cuvânt este atribuit primului NUME, \n"
+" al doilea cuvânt celui de-al doilea NUME și așa mai departe, ultimul NUME\n"
+" preluând lista cuvintelor rămase. Doar caracterele găsite în $IFS sunt\n"
+" recunoscute ca delimitatori de cuvinte.\n"
+" \n"
+" Dacă nu sunt furnizate NUME, linia citită este stocată în variabila REPLY.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -a matrice\n"
+" \t\tatribuie cuvintele citite indicilor secvențiali ai variabilei\n"
+" \t\tmatrice MATRICE, începând de la zero\n"
+" -d delim\tcontinuă până când este citit primul caracter din DELIM, în loc\n"
+" \t\tde linia nouă\n"
+" -e\tutilizează Readline pentru a obține linia\n"
+" -i text\tutilizează TEXT ca text inițial pentru Readline\n"
+" -n ncarac\treturnează după citirea caracterelor NCARAC în loc să aștepte\n"
+" \t\to nouă linie, dar respectă delimitatorul dacă sunt citite mai\n"
+" \t\tpuțin de NCARAC caractere înainte de delimitator\n"
+" -N ncarac\treturnează numai după citirea exactă a caracterelor NCARS, cu\n"
+" \t\texcepția cazului în care se întâlnește sfârșitul fișierului sau \n"
+" \t\tdacă timpul de citire expiră, eliminând orice delimitatori\n"
+" -p prompt\tafișează șirul PROMPT fără un caracter de linie nouă la final,\n"
+" \t\tînainte de a încerca să citească\n"
+" -r\tnu permite barelor oblice inverse să eludeze niciun caracter\n"
+" -s\tnu afișează ieșirea ce vine de la un terminal\n"
+" -t timeout\n"
+" \t\texpiră și returnează un cod de eroare dacă o linie completă de\n"
+" \t\tintrare nu este citită în TIMEOUT secunde. Valoarea variabilei\n"
+" \t\tTIMEOUT este timpul de expirare implicit. TIMEOUT poate fi un\n"
+" \t\tnumăr fracțional. Dacă TIMEOUT este zero, citirea se termină\n"
+" \t\timediat fără a încerca să citească date, și returnează un cod de\n"
+" \t\tsucces numai dacă intrarea este disponibilă pe descriptorul de\n"
+" \t\tfișier specificat. Starea de ieșire este mai mare de 128 dacă\n"
+" \t\ttimpul de expirare este depășit\n"
+" -u fd\tcitește din descriptorul de fișier FD în loc de intrarea standard\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Codul de returnare este zero, cu excepția cazului în care se întâlnește\n"
+" sfârșitul fișierului, expirarea timpului de citire (caz în care este mai mare\n"
+" de 128), apare o eroare de atribuire a variabilei sau este furnizat un\n"
+" descriptor de fișier nevalid ca argument pentru opțiunea „-u”."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help return», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help return"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1041
msgid ""
"Return from a shell function.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns N, or failure if the shell is not executing a function or script."
msgstr ""
-
+"Returnează dintr-o funcție shell.\n"
+" \n"
+" Determină ieșirea unei funcții sau a unui script sursă cu valoarea de\n"
+" returnare specificată de N. Dacă N este omis, starea de returnare\n"
+" este cea a ultimei comenzi executate în funcție sau script.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează N sau eșec dacă shell-ul nu execută o funcție sau un script."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# unele dintre definițiile acestui(lung) mesaj,
+# sunt adaptări ale muncii altor echipe din TP.
+# ***
+# Mulțumesc, tuturor acestor echipe: es, fr, pt_BR, pt, it, nl, pl, uk; sper să nu fi uitat
+# niciuna dintre cele ce mi-au folosit ca
+# inspirație, în traducerea acestui mesaj.
+# =================================
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help set», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help set"», din «bash», sau dintr-un
+# shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1054
msgid ""
"Set or unset values of shell options and positional parameters.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
-
+"Stabilește sau anulează valorile opțiunilor de shell și ale parametrilor\n"
+"poziționali.\n"
+" \n"
+" Modifică valoarea atributelor shell și a parametrilor poziționali sau \n"
+" afișează numele și valorile variabilelor shell.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -a Marchează variabilele care sunt modificate sau create, pentru export.\n"
+" -b Notifică imediat când o sarcină este finalizată.\n"
+" -e Termină imediat dacă o comandă termină cu o stare diferită de zero.\n"
+" -f Dezactivează folosirea metacaracterelor pentru completarea numelor\n"
+" fișierelor (fără „globbing”).\n"
+" -h Memorizează locația comenzilor pe măsură ce sunt căutate.\n"
+" -k Toate argumentele de atribuire sunt plasate în mediul(environment)\n"
+" unei comenzi, nu doar cele care preced numele comenzii.\n"
+" -m Activează controlul sarcinii.\n"
+" -n Citește comenzile, dar nu le execută.\n"
+" -o nume-opțiune\n"
+" Stabilește variabila corespunzătoare → nume-opțiune:\n"
+" allexport la fel ca -a\n"
+" braceexpand la fel ca -B\n"
+" emacs utilizează o interfață de editare a liniilor în\n"
+" stilul «emacs»\n"
+" errexit la fel ca -e\n"
+" errtrace la fel ca -E\n"
+" functrace la fel ca -T\n"
+" hashall la fel ca -h\n"
+" histexpand la fel ca -H\n"
+" history activează istoricul comenzilor\n"
+" ignoreeof shell-ul nu va termina după citirea „EOF”\n"
+" interactive-comments\n"
+" permite comentariilor să apară în comenzile interactive\n"
+" keyword la fel ca -k\n"
+" monitor la fel ca -m\n"
+" noclobber la fel ca -C\n"
+" noexec la fel ca -n\n"
+" noglob la fel ca -f\n"
+" nolog acceptat în prezent, dar ignorat\n"
+" notify la fel ca -b\n"
+" nounset la fel ca -u\n"
+" onecmd la fel ca -t\n"
+" physical la fel ca -P\n"
+" pipefail valoarea returnată a unei linii de conectare este\n"
+" starea ultimei comenzi care a ieșit cu o stare diferită\n"
+" de zero sau zero dacă nicio comandă nu a ieșit cu o\n"
+" stare diferită de zero\n"
+" posix modifică comportamentul lui «bash» în cazul în care\n"
+" operația implicită diferă de standardul Posix, pentru\n"
+" a se potrivi cu standardul Posix\n"
+" privileged la fel ca -p\n"
+" verbose la fel ca -v\n"
+" vi utilizează o interfață de editare a liniilor în\n"
+" stilul «vi»\n"
+" xtrace la fel ca -x\n"
+" -p Modul cu privilegii: Activat ori de câte ori ID-urile de utilizator\n"
+" reale și efective nu se potrivesc. Dezactivează procesarea \n"
+" fișierului $ENV și importul funcțiilor shell. Dezactivarea acestei\n"
+" opțiuni face ca uid-ul și gid-ul efectiv să fie stabilite la uid-ul și\n"
+" gid-ul real\n"
+" -t Termină după citirea și executarea unei comenzi.\n"
+" -u Tratează variabilele nedefinite ca pe o eroare la substituire.\n"
+" -v Afișează liniile de intrare ale shell-ului pe măsură ce sunt citite.\n"
+" -x Afișează comenzile și argumentele lor pe măsură ce sunt executate.\n"
+" -B Shell-ul va efectua înlocuirea acoladelor (de exp.: a{b,c} → ab ac)\n"
+" -C Dacă este specificată, nu permite ca fișierele obișnuite existente să\n"
+" fie suprascrise prin redirecționarea ieșirii.\n"
+" -E Dacă este specificată, capturarea ERR este moștenită de funcțiile shell.\n"
+" -H Permite înlocuirea istoricului cu un „!”. Această opțiune este activată\n"
+" în mod implicit atunci când shell-ul este interactiv.\n"
+" -P Dacă este specificată, legăturile simbolice nu sunt urmate la executarea\n"
+" comenzilor precum «cd» care schimbă directorul curent.\n"
+" -T Dacă este specificată, capturile DEBUG și RETURN sunt moștenite de\n"
+" funcțiile shell.\n"
+" -- Atribuie toate argumentele rămase parametrilor de poziție.\n"
+" Dacă nu există argumente rămase, parametrii de poziție sunt eliminați.\n"
+" - Atribuie toate argumentele rămase parametrilor de poziție.\n"
+" Opțiunile -x și -v sunt dezactivate.\n"
+" \n"
+" Utilizarea lui „+” în loc de „-”, face ca aceste opțiuni să fie dezactivate.\n"
+" Opțiunile pot fi folosite și la invocarea shell-ului. Setul actual de \n"
+" opțiuni poate fi găsit în $-. Restul de n ARG sunt parametri poziționali și\n"
+" sunt alocați, în ordine, la $1, $2, .. $n. Dacă nu sunt date ARG, toate \n"
+" variabilele shell sunt afișate.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes cu excepția cazului în care este dată o opțiune nevalidă."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help unset», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help unset"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1139
msgid ""
"Unset values and attributes of shell variables and functions.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a NAME is read-only."
msgstr ""
+"Anulează valorile și atributele variabilelor și funcțiilor shell.\n"
+" \n"
+" Pentru fiecare NUME, elimină variabila sau funcția corespunzătoare.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -f\ttratează fiecare NUME ca pe o funcție shell\n"
+" -v\ttratează fiecare NUME ca pe o variabilă shell\n"
+" -n\ttratează fiecare NUME ca referință de nume și anulează variabila\n"
+" \t\tîn sine, în loc de variabila la care face referire\n"
+" \n"
+" Fără opțiuni, „unset” încearcă mai întâi să anuleze o variabilă și, dacă\n"
+" aceasta nu reușește, încearcă să anuleze o funcție.\n"
+" \n"
+" Unele variabile nu pot fi anulate; consultați, de asemenea, «readonly».\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care este dată o opțiune nevalidă\n"
+" sau un NUME este doar pentru citire."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help export», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help export"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1161
msgid ""
"Set export attribute for shell variables.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or NAME is invalid."
msgstr ""
+"Stabilește atributul de export pentru variabilele shell.\n"
+" \n"
+" Marchează fiecare NUME pentru export automat în mediul(environment)\n"
+" comenzilor executate ulterior. Dacă este furnizată VALOAREa, atribuie\n"
+" VALOAREa înainte de a exporta.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -f\tse referă la funcțiile shell\n"
+" -n\telimină proprietatea de export din fiecare NUME\n"
+" -p\tafișează o listă cu toate variabilele și funcțiile exportate\n"
+" \n"
+" Un argument de „--” dezactivează procesarea ulterioară a opțiunilor.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care este dată o opțiune nevalidă\n"
+" sau NUME nu este valid."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help readonly», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help readonly"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1180
msgid ""
"Mark shell variables as unchangeable.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or NAME is invalid."
msgstr ""
+"Marchează variabilele shell ca neschimbabile.\n"
+" \n"
+" Marchează fiecare NUME ca fiind doar pentru citire; valorile acestor NUME\n"
+" nu pot fi modificate prin atribuirea ulterioară. Dacă este furnizată VALOARE,\n"
+" atribuie VALOARE înainte de a marca ca doar pentru citire.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -a\tse referă la variabilele matrice indexate\n"
+" -A\tse referă la variabile matrice asociative\n"
+" -f\tse referă la funcțiile shell\n"
+" -p\tafișează o listă cu toate variabilele sau funcțiile protejate\n"
+" \t\tla scriere, în funcție de dacă este dată sau nu opțiunea „-f”\n"
+" \n"
+" Un argument de „--” dezactivează procesarea ulterioară a opțiunilor.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care este dată o opțiune nevalidă\n"
+" sau NUME nu este valid."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help shift», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help shift"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1202
msgid ""
"Shift positional parameters.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless N is negative or greater than $#."
msgstr ""
+"Schimbă parametrii poziționali.\n"
+" \n"
+" Redenumește parametrii de poziție $N+1,$N+2 ... la $1,$2 ... Dacă N\n"
+" nu este dat, se presupune că este 1.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care N este negativ sau mai\n"
+" mare decât $#."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help source», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help source"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1214 builtins.c:1229
msgid ""
"Execute commands from a file in the current shell.\n"
" Returns the status of the last command executed in FILENAME; fails if\n"
" FILENAME cannot be read."
msgstr ""
+"Execută comenzi dintr-un fișier în shell-ul curent.\n"
+" \n"
+" Citește și execută comenzi din NUME_FIȘIER în shell-ul curent. Intrările \n"
+" din $PATH sunt utilizate pentru a găsi directorul care conține NUME_FIȘIER.\n"
+" Dacă sunt furnizate ARGUMENTE, acestea devin parametrii de poziție atunci\n"
+" când este executat NUME_FIȘIER.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează starea ultimei comenzi executate în NUME_FIȘIER; eșuează dacă\n"
+" NUME_FIȘIER nu poate fi citit."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help suspend», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help suspend"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1245
msgid ""
"Suspend shell execution.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless job control is not enabled or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
+"Suspendă execuția shell-ului.\n"
+" \n"
+" Suspendă execuția acestui shell până când primește un semnal SIGCONT.\n"
+" Cu excepția cazului în care sunt forțate, shell-urile de autentificare nu pot \n"
+" fi suspendate.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -f\tforțează suspendarea, chiar dacă shell-ul este un shell de\n"
+" \tautentificare\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care controlul sarcinii nu este\n"
+" activat sau apare o eroare."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help test», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help test"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1261
msgid ""
"Evaluate conditional expression.\n"
" Returns success if EXPR evaluates to true; fails if EXPR evaluates to\n"
" false or an invalid argument is given."
msgstr ""
-
+"Evaluează expresia condițională.\n"
+" \n"
+" Termină cu starea 0 (adevărat) sau 1 (fals) în funcție de evaluarea EXPR.\n"
+" Expresiile pot fi unare sau binare. Expresiile unare sunt adesea folosite\n"
+" pentru a examina starea unui fișier. Există de-asemeni operatori de șir și\n"
+" operatori de comparație numerică.\n"
+" \n"
+" Comportamentul testului depinde de numărul de argumente. Citiți pagina\n"
+" de manual, «bash», pentru specificația completă.\n"
+" \n"
+" Operatori de fișiere:\n"
+" \n"
+" -a FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul există.\n"
+" -b FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul este un dispozitiv de blocuri.\n"
+" -c FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul este un dispozitiv de caractere.\n"
+" -d FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul este un director.\n"
+" -e FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul există.\n"
+" -f FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul există și este un fișier normal.\n"
+" -g FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul are activat bitul „set-group-id”.\n"
+" -h FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul este o legătură simbolică.\n"
+" -L FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul este o legătură simbolică..\n"
+" -k FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul are activat bitul „sticky” (lipicios).\n"
+" -p FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul este o linie de conectare numită.\n"
+" -r FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul poate fi citit de dumneavoastră.\n"
+" -s FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul există și nu este gol.\n"
+" -S FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul este un soclu.\n"
+" -t DF Adevărat dacă DF(descriptorul de fișier) este deschis pe un terminal.\n"
+" -u FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul are activat bitul „set-user-id”.\n"
+" -w FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul poate fi scris de dumneavoastră.\n"
+" -x FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul poate fi executat de dumneavoastră.\n"
+" -O FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul este deținut efectiv de dumneavoastră.\n"
+" -G FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul este deținut efectiv de grupul dumneavoastră.\n"
+" -N FIȘIER Adevărat dacă fișierul a fost modificat de la ultima citire.\n"
+" \n"
+" FIȘI1 -nt FIȘI2 Adevărat dacă fișierul 1 este mai nou decât fișierul 2 (conform\n"
+" datei modificării).\n"
+" \n"
+" FIȘI1 -ot FIȘI2 Adevărat dacă fișierul1 este mai vechi decât fișierul2.\n"
+" \n"
+" FIȘI1 -ef FIȘI2 Adevărat dacă fișierul1 este o legătură dură către fișierul2.\n"
+" \n"
+" Operatori de șir:\n"
+" \n"
+" -z ȘIR Adevărat dacă șirul este gol.\n"
+" \n"
+" -n ȘIR Adevărat dacă șirul nu este gol.\n"
+" ȘIR Adevărat dacă șirul nu este gol.\n"
+" \n"
+" ȘIR1 = ȘIR2 Adevărat dacă șirurile sunt egale.\n"
+" ȘIR1 != ȘIR2 Adevărat dacă șirurile nu sunt egale.\n"
+" ȘIR1 < ȘIR2 Adevărat dacă ȘIR1 se ordonează lexicografic înainte de ȘIR2.\n"
+" ȘIR1 > ȘIR2 Adevărat dacă ȘIR1 se ordonează lexicografic după ȘIR2.n\n"
+" \n"
+" Alți operatori:\n"
+" \n"
+" -o OPȚIUNE Adevărat dacă opțiunea shell OPȚIUNE este activată.\n"
+" -v VAR Adevărat dacă este definită variabila shell VAR.\n"
+" -R VAR Adevărat dacă variabila shell VAR este definită și este o referință\n"
+" de nume.\n"
+" ! EXPR Adevărat dacă expresia EXPR este falsă.\n"
+" EXPR1 -a EXPR2 Adevărat dacă amândouă expresiile EXPR1 și EXPR2 sunt adevărate.\n"
+" EXPR1 -o EXPR2 Adevărat dacă fie expresia EXPR1, fie expresia EXPR2 este adevărată.\n"
+" \n"
+" ARG1 OP ARG2 Teste aritmetice. OP este unul dintre -eq, -ne, -lt, -le, -gt, sau -ge.\n"
+" \n"
+" Operatorii binari aritmetici returnează adevărat dacă ARG1 este egal, inegal, mai mic\n"
+" decât, mai mic decât sau egal, mai mare decât, sau mai mare decât sau egal cu ARG2.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes dacă EXPR este evaluată ca adevărată; eșuează dacă EXPR este\n"
+" evaluată ca fiind falsă sau este dat un argument nevalid."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help [», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help ["», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1343
msgid ""
"Evaluate conditional expression.\n"
" This is a synonym for the \"test\" builtin, but the last argument must\n"
" be a literal `]', to match the opening `['."
msgstr ""
+"Evaluează expresia condițională.\n"
+" \n"
+" Acesta este un sinonim pentru comanda internă «test», dar ultimul argument\n"
+" trebuie să fie un „]” literal, pentru a se potrivi cu „[” de deschidere."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help times», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help times"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1352
msgid ""
"Display process times.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Always succeeds."
msgstr ""
+"Afișează timpii procesului.\n"
+" \n"
+" Afișează timpii acumulați de utilizator și sistem pentru shell și pentru toate\n"
+" procesele sale secundare.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Întotdeauna reușește(0)."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help trap», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help trap"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1364
msgid ""
"Trap signals and other events.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
-
+"Capturează semnale și alte evenimente.\n"
+" \n"
+" Definește și activează operatorii care urmează să fie rulați atunci când\n"
+" shell-ul primește semnale sau apar alte evenimente.\n"
+" \n"
+" ARG este o comandă care trebuie citită și executată atunci când shell-ul\n"
+" primește semnalul(ele) SIGNAL_SPEC. Dacă ARG este absentă (și este\n"
+" furnizat un singur SIGNAL_SPEC) sau „-”, fiecare semnal specificat este\n"
+" restabilit la valoarea sa originală. Dacă ARG este un șir nul, fiecare\n"
+" SIGNAL_SPEC este ignorat de către shell și de comenzile pe care le invocă.\n"
+" \n"
+" Dacă un SIGNAL_SPEC este EXIT (0), ARG este executat la ieșirea din shell.\n"
+" Dacă un SIGNAL_SPEC este DEBUG, ARG este executat înainte de fiecare comandă\n"
+" simplă. Dacă un SIGNAL_SPEC este RETURN, ARG este executat de fiecare dată \n"
+" când o funcție shell sau un script rulat din . sau comanda internă «source»\n"
+" se termină de executat. Un SIGNAL_SPEC de ERR face ca ARG să fie executat\n"
+" de fiecare dată când eșecul unei comenzi ar determina terminarea shell-ului\n"
+" atunci când opțiunea „-e” este activată. \n"
+" \n"
+" Dacă nu sunt furnizate argumente, «trap» afișează lista de comenzi asociate\n"
+" fiecărui semnal.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -l\tafișează o listă de nume de semnale și numerele corespunzătoare\n"
+" \tale acestora\n"
+" -p\tafișează comenzile de captură asociate fiecărui SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
+" \n"
+" Fiecare SIGNAL_SPEC este fie un nume de semnal în <signal.h>, fie un număr\n"
+" de semnal. Numele semnalelor nu fac distincție între majuscule și minuscule,\n"
+" iar prefixul SIG este opțional. Un semnal poate fi trimis către shell cu\n"
+" «kill -signal $$».\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care un SIGSPEC este nevalid sau \n"
+" este dată o opțiune nevalidă."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help type», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help type"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1400
msgid ""
"Display information about command type.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not found."
msgstr ""
-
+"Afișează informații despre comanda «type».\n"
+" \n"
+" Pentru fiecare NUME, indică cum ar fi interpretat dacă ar fi folosit ca\n"
+" nume de comandă.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -a\tafișează toate locațiile care conțin un executabil numit NUME; \n"
+" \t\tinclude alias, componente integrate și funcții, dacă și numai\n"
+" \t\tdacă opțiunea „-p” nu este, de asemenea, utilizată\n"
+" -f\tsuprimă căutarea funcției de shell\n"
+" -P\tforțează o căutare PATH pentru fiecare NUME, chiar dacă este un\n"
+" \t\talias, o comandă internă sau o funcție, și returnează numele\n"
+" \t\tfișierului din disc care va fi executat\n"
+" -p\treturnează fie numele fișierului de pe disc care va fi executat,\n"
+" \t\tfie nimic dacă «type -t NUME» nu va returna „file”\n"
+" -t\tafișează un singur cuvânt care este unul dintre „alias”, „keyword”,\n"
+" \t\t„function”, „builtin”, „file” sau „”, dacă NUME este un alias,\n"
+" \t\tcuvânt rezervat shell, funcție shell, comandă internă shell,\n"
+" \t\tfișier pe disc, sau, respectiv, negăsit\n"
+" \n"
+" Argumente:\n"
+" NUME\tNumele comenzii de interpretat.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes dacă toate NUMEle sunt găsite; eșuează dacă nu sunt găsite."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help ulimit», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help ulimit"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1431
msgid ""
"Modify shell resource limits.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-
+"Modifică limitele resurselor shell.\n"
+" \n"
+" Oferă control asupra resurselor disponibile shell-ului și proceselor pe care\n"
+" acesta le creează, pe sisteme care permit un astfel de control.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -S\tutilizează limita de resurse „soft”\n"
+" -H\tutilizează limita de resurse „hard”\n"
+" -a\tsunt raportate toate limitele curente\n"
+" -b\tdimensiunea memoriei tampon a soclului\n"
+" -c\tdimensiunea maximă a fișierelor create cu conținutul memoriei (core)\n"
+" -d\tdimensiunea maximă a segmentului de date al unui proces\n"
+" -e\tprioritatea maximă de planificare („nice”)\n"
+" -f\tdimensiunea maximă a fișierelor scrise de shell și subprocesele sale\n"
+" -i\tnumărul maxim de semnale în așteptare\n"
+" -k\tnumărul maxim de Kcozi alocate pentru acest proces\n"
+" -l\tdimensiunea maximă pe care un proces o poate bloca în memorie\n"
+" -m\tcantitatea maximă de memorie fizică a unui proces\n"
+" -n\tnumărul maxim de descriptori de fișier deschise\n"
+" -p\tdimensiunea memoriei tampon a liniei de conectare\n"
+" -q\tnumărul maxim de octeți din cozile de mesaje POSIX\n"
+" -r\tprioritatea maximă a procesului în timp real\n"
+" -s\tdimensiunea maximă a stivei\n"
+" -t\tcantitatea maximă de timp a CPU-ului în secunde\n"
+" -u\tnumărul maxim de procese ale utilizatorului\n"
+" -v\tdimensiunea memoriei virtuale\n"
+" -x\tnumărul maxim de blocări ale fișierelor\n"
+" -P\tnumărul maxim de pseudoterminale\n"
+" -R\ttimpul maxim pe care îl poate rula un proces în timp real înainte\n"
+" \tde blocare\n"
+" -T\tnumărul maxim de fire(threads)\n"
+" \n"
+" Nu toate opțiunile sunt disponibile pe toate platformele.\n"
+" \n"
+" Dacă se dă LIMITA, aceasta este noua valoare a resursei specificate;\n"
+" valorile speciale de LIMITĂ: „soft”, „hard” și „unlimited” reprezintă\n"
+" limita curentă maleabilă, limita curentă dură și, respectiv, fără limită.\n"
+" Altminteri, este afișată valoarea curentă a resursei specificate. Dacă\n"
+" nu este dată nicio opțiune, atunci se presupune „-f”.\n"
+" \n"
+" Valorile sunt în incremente de 1024 de octeți, cu excepția lui „-t”, care\n"
+" este în secunde, a lui „-p”, care este în incremente de 512 octeți și a lui\n"
+" „-u”, care este un număr nescalat de procese.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care este furnizată o opțiune\n"
+" nevalidă sau apare o eroare."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help umask», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help umask"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1482
msgid ""
"Display or set file mode mask.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless MODE is invalid or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
+"Afișează sau modifică masca pentru accesarea fișierelor nou create.\n"
+" \n"
+" Stabilește masca de creare a fișierelor de utilizator la MOD. Dacă MOD\n"
+" este omis, afișează valoarea curentă a măștii.\n"
+" \n"
+" Dacă MOD începe cu o cifră, acesta este interpretat ca un număr octal;\n"
+" altminteri este interpretat ca un șir în format simbolic ca cel acceptat\n"
+" de chmod(1).\n"
+" \n"
+" Opșiuni\n"
+" -p\tdacă MOD este omis, arată ieșirea într-o formă care poate fi\n"
+" \treutilizată ca intrare\n"
+" -S\tafișează MODul în formatul simbolic; altminteri în formatul octal\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care MOD este nevalid sau\n"
+" este dată o opțiune nevalidă."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help wait», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help wait"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1502
msgid ""
"Wait for job completion and return exit status.\n"
" option is given, or if -n is supplied and the shell has no unwaited-for\n"
" children."
msgstr ""
+"Așteaptă finalizarea lucrării și returnează starea de ieșire.\n"
+" \n"
+" Așteaptă fiecare proces identificat printr-un ID, care poate fi un ID de\n"
+" proces sau o specificație de lucrare și raportează starea de terminare\n"
+" a acestuia. Dacă ID-ul nu este dat, așteaptă toate procesele secundare\n"
+" active în prezent și starea de returnare este zero. Dacă ID-ul este o\n"
+" specificație de lucrare, așteaptă toate procesele din secvența de comenzi\n"
+" respectivă a lucrării.\n"
+" \n"
+" Dacă este furnizată opțiunea „-n”, așteaptă o singură lucrare din lista de\n"
+" ID-uri sau, dacă nu sunt furnizate ID-uri, pentru finalizarea următoarei\n"
+" lucrări și returnează starea de ieșire.\n"
+" \n"
+" Dacă este furnizată opțiunea „-p”, identificatorul de proces sau de lucrare al\n"
+" lucrării pentru care este returnată starea de ieșire este atribuit variabilei\n"
+" VAR numită de argumentul opțiunii. Variabila va fi anulată inițial, înainte\n"
+" de orice atribuire. Acest lucru este util numai atunci când este furnizată\n"
+" opțiunea „-n”.\n"
+" \n"
+" Dacă este furnizată opțiunea „-f” și controlul lucrării este activat, \n"
+" așteaptă ca ID-ul specificat să se termine, în loc să aștepte ca acesta să\n"
+" își schimbe starea.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează starea ultimului ID; eșuează dacă ID-ul este nevalid sau este\n"
+" dată o opțiune nevalidă sau dacă „-n” este furnizată și shell-ul nu are\n"
+" niciun copil pe care să-l aștepte."
#: builtins.c:1533
msgid ""
" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an invalid\n"
" option is given."
msgstr ""
+"Așteaptă finalizarea procesului și returnează starea de ieșire.\n"
+" \n"
+" Așteaptă fiecare proces specificat de un PID și raportează starea de terminare a\n"
+" acestuia. Dacă nu este dat PID, așteaptă toate procesele copil active în prezent,\n"
+" iar starea returnată este zero. PID trebuie să fie un ID de proces.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează starea ultimului PID; eșuează dacă PID este nevalid sau este dată\n"
+" o opțiune nevalidă."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help for», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help for"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1548
msgid ""
"Execute commands for each member in a list.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the status of the last command executed."
msgstr ""
+"Execută comenzi pentru fiecare membru dintr-o listă.\n"
+" \n"
+" Bucla „for” execută o secvență de comenzi pentru fiecare membru dintr-o\n"
+" listă de elemente. Dacă „in CUVINTE ...;” nu este prezent, atunci se\n"
+" presupune „in \"$@\"”. Pentru fiecare element din CUVINTE, se definește\n"
+" NUME ca acel element, și se execută COMENZILE.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează starea ultimei comenzi executate."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help 'for (('», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help 'for (('"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1562
msgid ""
"Arithmetic for loop.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the status of the last command executed."
msgstr ""
-
+"Buclă aritmetică „for”.\n"
+" \n"
+" Echivalentă cu:\n"
+" \t(( EXP1 ))\n"
+" \twhile (( EXP2 )); do\n"
+" \t\tCOMENZI\n"
+" \t\t(( EXP3 ))\n"
+" \tdone\n"
+" EXP1, EXP2, și EXP3 sunt expresii aritmetice. Dacă orice expresie este\n"
+" omisă, se comportă ca și cum aceasta ar avea valoarea 1.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează starea ultimei comenzi executate."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help select», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help select"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1580
msgid ""
"Select words from a list and execute commands.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the status of the last command executed."
msgstr ""
-
+"Selectează cuvinte dintr-o listă și execută comenzi.\n"
+" \n"
+" CUVINTELE sunt expandate, generând o listă de cuvinte. Setul\n"
+" de cuvinte expandate este afișat la ieșirea de eroare standard,\n"
+" fiecare precedat de un număr. Dacă „în CUVINTE” nu este prezent,\n"
+" se presupune „in \"$@\"”. Se afișează apoi promptul PS3 și se citește\n"
+" o linie de la intrarea standard. Dacă linia constă din numărul\n"
+" corespunzător unuia dintre cuvintele afișate, atunci se definește NUME\n"
+" ca acest cuvânt. Dacă linia este goală, CUVINTE și promptul sunt\n"
+" reafișate. Dacă este citit sfârșitul fișierului(EOF), comanda se\n"
+" finalizează. Orice altă valoare citită face ca NUME să fie definit ca\n"
+" null. Linia citită este salvată în variabila „REPLY”. COMENZILE sunt\n"
+" executate după fiecare selecție până când este executată o comandă\n"
+" de întrerupere(break).\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează starea ultimei comenzi executate."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help time», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help time"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1601
msgid ""
"Report time consumed by pipeline's execution.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" The return status is the return status of PIPELINE."
msgstr ""
+"Raportează timpul consumat de execuția secvenței de comenzi.\n"
+" \n"
+" Execută SECVENȚA_DE_COMENZI și imprimă un rezumat al timpului real,\n"
+" al timpului CPU al utilizatorului și al timpului CPU al sistemului\n"
+" petrecut executând SECVENȚA_DE_COMENZI atunci când aceasta termină.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -p\tafișează rezumatul cronometrajului în formatul Posix portabil\n"
+" \n"
+" Valoarea variabilei TIMEFORMAT este utilizată drept format de ieșire.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Starea de returnare este starea de returnare a SECVENȚEI_DE_COMENZI."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help case», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help case"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1618
msgid ""
"Execute commands based on pattern matching.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the status of the last command executed."
msgstr ""
+"Execută comenzi bazate pe potrivirea modelelor.\n"
+" \n"
+" Execută COMENZI selectiv, pe baza potrivirilor dintre CUVÂNT și MODEL.\n"
+" „|” este folosit pentru a separa mai multe modele.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează starea ultimei comenzi executate."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help if», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help if"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1630
msgid ""
"Execute commands based on conditional.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the status of the last command executed."
msgstr ""
-
+"Execută comenzi bazate pe condițional.\n"
+" \n"
+" Lista „if COMENZI” este executată. Dacă starea sa de ieșire este zero,\n"
+" atunci este executată lista „then COMENZI”. În caz contrar, fiecare listă \n"
+" „elif COMENZI” este executată pe rând, iar dacă starea sa de ieșire este\n"
+" zero, lista corespunzătoare „then COMENZI” este executată și comanda\n"
+" «if» se completează. În caz contrar, lista „else COMENZI” este executată,\n"
+" dacă este prezentă. Starea de ieșire a întregii construcții este starea de\n"
+" ieșire a ultimei comenzi executate sau zero dacă nicio condiție nu a fost\n"
+" evaluată ca adevărată.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează starea ultimei comenzi executate."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help while», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help while"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1647
msgid ""
"Execute commands as long as a test succeeds.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the status of the last command executed."
msgstr ""
+"Execută comenzi atâta timp cât un test reușește.\n"
+" \n"
+" Expandează și execută COMENZI atâta timp cât comanda finală din\n"
+" COMENZI „while” are o stare de ieșire zero.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează starea ultimei comenzi executate."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help until», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help until"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1659
msgid ""
"Execute commands as long as a test does not succeed.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the status of the last command executed."
msgstr ""
+"Execută comenzi atâta timp cât un test nu reușește.\n"
+" \n"
+" Expandează și execută COMENZI atâta timp cât comanda finală din\n"
+" „until” COMENZI are o stare de ieșire diferită de zero.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează starea ultimei comenzi executate."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help coproc», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help coproc"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1671
msgid ""
"Create a coprocess named NAME.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" The coproc command returns an exit status of 0."
msgstr ""
+"Creează un coproces numit NUME.\n"
+" \n"
+" Execută COMANDA în mod asincron, cu ieșirea standard și intrarea standard a\n"
+" comenzii conectate printr-o conductă la descriptorii de fișiere alocați\n"
+" indicilor 0 și 1 ai unei variabile matrice NUME din shell-ul de execuție.\n"
+" NUMELE implicit este „COPROC”.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Comanda «coproc» returnează o stare de ieșire de 0."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help function», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help function"», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1685
msgid ""
"Define shell function.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless NAME is readonly."
msgstr ""
+"Definește funcția shell.\n"
+" \n"
+" Creează o funcție de shell numită NUME. Când se invocă ca o comandă simplă,\n"
+" NUME rulează COMENZI în contextul shell-ului apelant. Când NUME este \n"
+" invocat, argumentele sunt transmise funcției ca $1...$n, iar numele\n"
+" funcției este în $FUNCNAME.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care NUME este protejat la scriere"
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help -m {», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help -m {», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1699
msgid ""
"Group commands as a unit.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the status of the last command executed."
msgstr ""
+"Grupează comenzile ca o unitate.\n"
+" \n"
+" Rulează un set de comenzi dintr-un grup. Aceasta este o modalitate\n"
+" de a redirecționa un întreg set de comenzi.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează starea ultimei comenzi executate."
#: builtins.c:1711
msgid ""
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the status of the resumed job."
msgstr ""
+"Reia lucrarea în prim-plan.\n"
+" \n"
+" Echivalent cu argumentul JOB_SPEC al comenzii «fg». Reia o lucrare\n"
+" oprită sau în fundal. JOB_SPEC poate specifica fie un nume de lucrare,\n"
+" fie un număr de lucrare. JOB_SPEC urmat de un „&” plasează lucrarea\n"
+" în fundal, ca și cum specificația lucrării ar fi fost furnizată ca argument\n"
+" pentru «bg».\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează starea lucrării reluate."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help '(('», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help '(('», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1726
msgid ""
"Evaluate arithmetic expression.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns 1 if EXPRESSION evaluates to 0; returns 0 otherwise."
msgstr ""
+"Evaluează expresia aritmetică.\n"
+" \n"
+" EXPRESIA este evaluată conform regulilor de evaluare aritmetică.\n"
+" Echivalent cu „let \"EXPRESIA\"”.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează 1 dacă EXPRESIA este evaluată la 0; în caz contrar, returnează 0."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help '[['», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help '[['», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1738
msgid ""
"Execute conditional command.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" 0 or 1 depending on value of EXPRESSION."
msgstr ""
+"Execută comanda condițională.\n"
+" \n"
+" Returnează o stare de 0 sau 1, în funcție de evaluarea expresiei condiționale\n"
+" EXPRESIA. Expresiile sunt compuse din aceleași elemente primare folosite de\n"
+" comanda INTERNĂ «test» și pot fi combinate folosind următorii operatori:\n"
+" \n"
+" ( EXPRESIA )\tReturnează valoarea EXPRESIEI\n"
+" ! EXPRESIA\tAdevărat dacă EXPRESIA este falsă; altfel fals\n"
+" EXPR1 && EXPR2\tAdevărat dacă atât EXPR1 cât și EXPR2 sunt adevărate;\n"
+" \t\t\taltfel fals\n"
+" EXPR1 || EXPR2\tAdevărat dacă fie EXPR1, fie EXPR2 este adevărată;\n"
+" \t\t\taltfel fals\n"
+" \n"
+" Când se utilizează operatorii „==” și „!=”, șirul din dreapta operatorului\n"
+" este utilizat ca model și se realizează potrivirea modelului.\n"
+" Când se utilizează operatorul „=~”, șirul din dreapta operatorului se\n"
+" potrivește ca expresie regulată.\n"
+" \n"
+" Operatorii „&&” și „||” nu evaluează EXPR2 dacă EXPR1 este suficientă pentru\n"
+" a determina valoarea expresiei.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" 0 sau 1, în funcție de valoarea EXPRESIEI."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help variables», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help variables», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1764
msgid ""
"Common shell variable names and usage.\n"
" HISTIGNORE\tA colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which\n"
" \t\tcommands should be saved on the history list.\n"
msgstr ""
-
+"Numele și utilizarea variabilelor shell comune.\n"
+" \n"
+" BASH_VERSION\n"
+" \tInformații despre versiunea acestui Bash.\n"
+" CDPATH\tO listă de directoare separate prin două puncte\n"
+" \t\tpentru a căuta directoare date ca argumente pentru «cd».\n"
+" GLOBIGNORE\tO listă de modele, separate prin două puncte, care descriu nume\n"
+" \t\tde fișiere care trebuie ignorate de extinderea numelui de cale.\n"
+" HISTFILE\tNumele fișierului în care este stocat istoricul comenzilor.\n"
+" HISTFILESIZE\n"
+" \tNumărul maxim de linii pe care acest fișier le poate conține.\n"
+" HISTSIZE\tNumărul maxim de linii de istoric pe care le poate accesa un\n"
+" \t\tshell care rulează.\n"
+" HOME\tCalea completă către directorul dumneavoastră de conectare.\n"
+" HOSTNAME\tNumele gazdei curente.\n"
+" HOSTTYPE\tTipul de CPU pe care rulează această versiune de Bash.\n"
+" IGNOREEOF\tControlează acțiunea shell-ului la primirea unui caracter „EOF”\n"
+" \t\tca unică intrare. Dacă este definită, atunci valoarea acesteia\n"
+" \t\teste numărul de caractere „EOF” care pot fi văzute într-un rând\n"
+" \t\tpe o linie goală înainte ca shell-ul să iasă (implicit 10).\n"
+" \t\tCând nu este definită, „EOF” înseamnă sfârșitul intrării.\n"
+" MACHTYPE\tUn șir care descrie sistemul curent pe care rulează Bash.\n"
+" MAILCHECK\tCât de des, în secunde, verifică Bash dacă există e-mailuri noi.\n"
+" MAILPATH\tO listă de nume de fișiere, separate prin două puncte, pe care\n"
+" \t\tBash le verifică pentru e-mailuri noi.\n"
+" OSTYPE\tVersiunea de Unix pe care rulează această versiune de Bash.\n"
+" PATH\tO listă de directoare separate prin două puncte în care se caută,\n"
+" \t\tatunci când se caută comenzi.\n"
+" PROMPT_COMMAND\n"
+" \tO comandă care trebuie executată înainte de afișarea\n"
+" \t\tfiecărui prompt primar.\n"
+" PS1\t\tȘirul de prompt primar.\n"
+" PS2\t\tȘirul de prompt secundar.\n"
+" PWD\t\tCalea completă a directorului curent.\n"
+" SHELLOPTS\tO listă separată de două puncte, de opțiuni de shell activate.\n"
+" TERM\tNumele tipului actual de terminal.\n"
+" TIMEFORMAT\tFormatul de ieșire pentru statisticile de timp afișat de\n"
+" \t\tcuvântul rezervat „time”.\n"
+" auto_resume\tNon-null înseamnă că un cuvânt de comandă care apare singur pe o\n"
+" \t\tlinie este căutat mai întâi în lista de lucrări opriteîn prezent.\n"
+" \t\tDacă se găsește acolo, lucrarea este în prim plan. O valoare\n"
+" \t\t„exact” înseamnă că cuvântul de comandă trebuie să se potrivească\n"
+" \t\texact cu o comandă din lista de lucrări oprite. O valoare „sub-\n"
+" \t\tstring” înseamnă că cuvântul de comandă trebuie să se potrivească\n"
+" \t\tcu un subșir al lucrării. Orice altă valoare înseamnă că\n"
+" \t\tcomanda trebuie să fie un prefix al unei lucrări oprite.\n"
+" histchars\tCaractere care controlează extinderea istoricului și\n"
+" \t\tînlocuirea rapidă. Primul caracter este caracterul\n"
+" \t\tde înlocuire a istoricului, de obicei „!”. Al doilea este\n"
+" \t\tcaracterul „înlocuire rapidă”, de obicei „^”. Al treilea\n"
+" \t\teste caracterul „comentare istoric”, de obicei „#”.\n"
+" HISTIGNORE\tO listă de modele separate prin două puncte, utilizată pentru a\n"
+" \t\tdecide ce comenzi ar trebui salvate în lista istoricului.\n"
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help pushd», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help pushd», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1821
msgid ""
"Add directories to stack.\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid argument is supplied or the directory\n"
" change fails."
msgstr ""
+"Adaugă directoare la stivă.\n"
+" \n"
+" Adaugă un director în partea de sus a stivei de directoare sau \n"
+" rotește stiva, făcând din partea de sus a stivei directorul de lucru\n"
+" curent. Fără argumente, interschimbă primele două directoare.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -n\tSuprimă schimbarea normală a directorului atunci când se adaugă\n"
+" \t\tdirectoare la stivă, astfel încât numai stiva este manipulată.\n"
+" \n"
+" Argumente:\n"
+" +N\tRotește stiva astfel încât al N-lea director (numărând \n"
+" \t\tdin stânga listei afișate de «dirs», începând cu zero) să fie\n"
+" \t\tîn partea de sus.\n"
+" \n"
+" -N\tRotește stiva astfel încât al N-lea director (numărând \n"
+" \t\tdin dreapta listei afișate de «dirs», începând cu zero) să fie\n"
+" \t\tîn partea de sus.\n"
+" \n"
+" dir\tAdaugă DIR la stiva de directoare din partea de sus, făcându-l\n"
+" \t\tnoul director de lucru curent.\n"
+" \n"
+" Comanda internă «dirs» afișează stiva de directoare.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care este furnizat un argument\n"
+" nevalid sau dacă schimbarea directorului eșuează."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help popd», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help popd», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1855
msgid ""
"Remove directories from stack.\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid argument is supplied or the directory\n"
" change fails."
msgstr ""
+"Elimină directoare din stivă.\n"
+" \n"
+" Elimină intrările din stiva de directoare. Fără argumente, elimină\n"
+" directorul de sus din stivă, și trece la noul director de sus.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -n\tSuprimă schimbarea normală a directorului atunci când se elimină\n"
+" \t\tdirectoare la stivă, astfel încât numai stiva este manipulată.\n"
+" \n"
+" Argumente:\n"
+" +N\tElimină intrarea a N-a numărând din stânga listei afișate\n"
+" \t\tde «dirs», începând cu zero. De exemplu: «popd +0»\n"
+" \t\telimină primul director, «popd +1» al doilea.\n"
+" \n"
+" -N\tElimină intrarea a N-a numărând din dreapta listei afișate\n"
+" \t\tde «dirs», începând cu zero. De exemplu: «popd -0»\n"
+" \t\telimină ultimul director, «popd -1» penultimul.\n"
+" \n"
+" Comanda internă «dirs» afișează stiva de directoare.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care este furnizat un argument\n"
+" nevalid sau dacă schimbarea directorului eșuează."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help dirs», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help dirs», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1885
msgid ""
"Display directory stack.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-
+"Afișează stiva de directoare.\n"
+" \n"
+" Afișează lista directoarelor memorate în prezent. Directoarele\n"
+" sunt adăugate la această listă cu comanda «pushd» și eliminate\n"
+" cu comanda «popd».\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -c\tcurăță stiva de directoare ștergând toate elementele\n"
+" -l\tnu afișează versiuni de directoare cu prefix „~” în raport \n"
+" \t\tcu directorul dumneavoastră «acasă»\n"
+" -p\tafișează stiva de directoare cu o intrare pe linie\n"
+" -v\tafișează stiva de directoare cu o intrare pe linie, prefixată\n"
+" \t\tcu poziția sa în stivă\n"
+" \n"
+" Argumente:\n"
+" +N\tAfișează a N-a intrare numărând din stânga listei afișate\n"
+" \t\tde «dirs» atunci când este invocată fără opțiuni, începând\n"
+" \t\tcu zero.\n"
+" \n"
+" -N\tAfișează a N-a intrare numărând din dreapta listei afișate\n"
+" \t\tde «dirs» atunci când este invocată fără opțiuni, începând\n"
+" \t\tcu zero.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care este furnizată o opțiune\n"
+" nevalidă sau apare o eroare."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help shopt», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help shopt», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1916
msgid ""
"Set and unset shell options.\n"
" Returns success if OPTNAME is enabled; fails if an invalid option is\n"
" given or OPTNAME is disabled."
msgstr ""
-
+"Activează sau dezactivează opțiunile de shell.\n"
+" \n"
+" Schimbă configurarea fiecărei opțiuni de shell NUME_OPȚIUNE. Fără\n"
+" niciun argument de opțiune, listează fiecare NUME_OPȚIUNE furnizat, \n"
+" sau toate opțiunile de shell dacă nu sunt date NUME_OPȚIUNE, cu o\n"
+" indicație dacă fiecare este sau nu definită.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -o\trestricționează NUME_OPȚIUNE la cele definite pentru a fi\n"
+" \tutilizate cu «set -o»\n"
+" -p\tafișează fiecare opțiune de shell cu o indicație a stării acesteia\n"
+" -q\tsuprimă ieșirea\n"
+" -s\tactivează (definește) fiecare NUME_OPȚIUNE\n"
+" -u\tdezactivează (șterge) fiecare NUME_OPȚIUNE\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes dacă NUME_OPȚIUNE este activată; eșuează dacă\n"
+" este dată o opțiune nevalidă sau NUME_OPȚIUNE este dezactivată."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help printf», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help printf», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1937
msgid ""
"Formats and prints ARGUMENTS under control of the FORMAT.\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or assignment\n"
" error occurs."
msgstr ""
-
+"Formatează și imprimă ARGUMENTELE sub controlul FORMATului.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -v var\tasignează ieșirea variabilei shell VAR, în loc să o\n"
+" \t\tafișeze pe ieșirea standard\n"
+" \n"
+" FORMAT este un șir de caractere care conține trei tipuri de obiecte: \n"
+" caractere simple, care sunt pur și simplu copiate la ieșirea standard; \n"
+" secvențe de eludare de caractere, care sunt convertite și copiate la \n"
+" ieșirea standard; și specificații de format, fiecare dintre acestea \n"
+" determinând imprimarea următorului argument succesiv.\n"
+" \n"
+" În plus față de specificațiile de format standard descrise în printf(1),\n"
+" «printf» interpretează:\n"
+" \n"
+" %b\texpandează secvențele de eludare de bară inversată,\n"
+" \tîn argumentul corespunzător\n"
+" %q\tcitează argumentul într-un mod care poate fi reutilizat\n"
+" \tca intrare shell\n"
+" %(fmt)T\tafișează șirul dată-oră rezultat din utilizarea FMT,\n"
+" \tca șir de format pentru strftime(3)\n"
+" \n"
+" Formatul este reutilizat după cum este necesar pentru a consuma toate\n"
+" argumentele. Dacă există mai puține argumente decât necesită formatul,\n"
+" specificațiile de format suplimentare se comportă ca și cum ar fi fost\n"
+" furnizată o valoare zero sau un șir nul, după caz.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes cu excepția cazului în care este dată o opțiune nevalidă\n"
+" sau apare o eroare de scriere sau de atribuire."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help complete», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help complete», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:1971
msgid ""
"Specify how arguments are to be completed by Readline.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-
+"Specifică modul în care argumentele vor fi completate de Readline.\n"
+" \n"
+" Pentru fiecare NUME, specifică cum vor fi completate argumentele. Dacă\n"
+" nu sunt furnizate opțiuni, specificațiile de completare existente sunt\n"
+" imprimate într-un mod care să permită reutilizarea lor ca intrare\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -p\tafișează specificațiile de completare existente într-un format\n"
+" \t\treutilizabil\n"
+" -r\telimină o specificație de completare pentru fiecare NUME sau,\n"
+" \t\tdacă nu sunt furnizate NUME, toate specificațiile de completare\n"
+" -D\taplicați completările și acțiunile ca implicite pentru comenzi\n"
+" \t\tfără nicio completare specifică definită\n"
+" -E\taplică completările și acțiunile pentru comenzile „goale” --\n"
+" \t\tcând se încearcă completarea într-o linie goală\n"
+" -I\taplică completările și acțiunile la cuvântul inițial (de obicei\n"
+" \t\tcomanda).\n"
+" \n"
+" Când se încearcă completarea, acțiunile sunt aplicate în ordinea în care\n"
+" opțiunile cu litere mari sunt listate mai sus. Dacă sunt furnizate mai multe\n"
+" opțiuni, opțiunea „-D” are prioritate față de „-E” și ambele au prioritate\n"
+" față de opțiunea „-I”.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care este furnizată o opțiune\n"
+" nevalidă sau apare o eroare."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help compgen», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help compgen», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:2001
msgid ""
"Display possible completions depending on the options.\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
+"Afișează posibilele completări în funcție de opțiuni.\n"
+" \n"
+" Aceasta este destinată să fie utilizată dintr-o funcție shell care generează\n"
+" posibile completări. Dacă este furnizat argumentul opțional CUVÂNT, se\n"
+" generează potriviri cu CUVÂNT.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care este furnizată o opțiune\n"
+" nevalidă sau apare o eroare."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help compopt», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help compopt», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:2016
msgid ""
"Modify or display completion options.\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or NAME does not\n"
" have a completion specification defined."
msgstr ""
+"Modifică sau afișează opțiunile de completare.\n"
+" \n"
+" Modifică opțiunile de completare pentru fiecare NUME sau, dacă nu sunt \n"
+" furnizate NUME, completarea aflată în curs de executare. Dacă nu sunt \n"
+" date OPȚIUNI, afișează opțiunile de completare pentru fiecare NUME sau \n"
+" specificația de completare curentă.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" \t-o opțiune\n"
+" \t\tStabilește opțiunea de completare OPȚIUNE pentru fiecare NUME\n"
+" \t-D\tSchimbă opțiunile pentru completarea comenzii „implicite”.\n"
+" \t-E\tSchimbă opțiunile pentru completarea comenzii „goale”.\n"
+" \t-I\tSchimbă opțiunile de completare a cuvântului inițial\n"
+" \n"
+" Utilizarea lui „+o” în loc de „-o” dezactivează opțiunea specificată.\n"
+" \n"
+" Argumente:\n"
+" \n"
+" Fiecare NUME se referă la o comandă pentru care o specificație de completare\n"
+" trebuie să fi fost definită anterior folosind comanda internă «complete». \n"
+" Dacă nu sunt furnizate NUME, «compopt» trebuie să fie apelată de o funcție \n"
+" care generează completări în acest moment și opțiunile pentru acest \n"
+" generator de completare care se execută acum, sunt modificate.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care este furnizată o opțiune \n"
+" nevalidă sau NUME nu are o specificație de completare definită."
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help mapfile», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help mapfile», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:2047
msgid ""
"Read lines from the standard input into an indexed array variable.\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly or\n"
" not an indexed array."
msgstr ""
-
+"Citește linii de la intrarea standard într-o variabilă matrice indexată.\n"
+" \n"
+" Citește linii de la intrarea standard în variabila matrice indexată MATRICE,\n"
+" sau din descriptorul de fișier „FD” dacă este furnizată opțiunea „-u”.\n"
+" Variabila MAPFILE este MATRICEA implicită.\n"
+" \n"
+" Opțiuni:\n"
+" -d delim Utilizează DELIM pentru a termina liniile, în loc de linie nouă\n"
+" -n număr Copiază cel mult NUMĂRul de rânduri. Dacă NUMĂR este 0,\n"
+" toate liniile sunt copiate\n"
+" -O origin Începe alocarea către MATRICE la indexul ORIGIN. Indicele\n"
+" implicit este 0\n"
+" -s count Renunță la primele COUNT rânduri citite\n"
+" -t Elimină un DELIM final din fiecare linie citită (implicit,\n"
+" linie nouă)\n"
+" -u fd Citește linii din descriptorul de fișier „FD” în loc de la\n"
+" intrarea standard\n"
+" -C apelare\n"
+" Evaluează APELARE de fiecare dată când sunt citite linii CANTITATE\n"
+" -c cantitate\n"
+" Specifică numărul de linii citite între fiecare apel către APELARE\n"
+" \n"
+" Argumente:\n"
+" MATRICE\tNume variabilă matrice de utilizat pentru datele fișierului\n"
+" \n"
+" Dacă „-C” este furnizată fără „-c”, cantitatea implicită este 5000. Când se\n"
+" evaluează APELARE, i se furnizează indexul următorului element din matrice\n"
+" care urmează să fie atribuit și linia care urmează să fie atribuită\n"
+" acelui element ca argumente suplimentare.\n"
+" \n"
+" Dacă nu este furnizat cu o origine explicită, «mapfile» va șterge MATRICE\n"
+" înainte de a-o utiliza pentru asignare.\n"
+" \n"
+" Starea de ieșire:\n"
+" Returnează succes, cu excepția cazului în care este dată o opțiune nevalidă\n"
+" sau MATRICE este protejată la scriere sau nu este o matrice indexată."
+
+# R-GC, scrie:
+# acest mesaj, poate să fie vizualizat, rulînd
+# comanda:
+# «help readarray», din «bash»;
+# «bash -c "help array», din «bash», sau
+# dintr-un shell, diferit de «bash».
#: builtins.c:2083
msgid ""
"Read lines from a file into an array variable.\n"
" \n"
" A synonym for `mapfile'."
msgstr ""
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Returns the context of the current subroutine call.\n"
-#~ " \n"
-#~ " Without EXPR, returns "
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Returnează contextul apelului subrutină curent.\n"
-#~ " \n"
-#~ " Fără EXPR, returnează "
-
-#~ msgid "Unknown Signal #"
-#~ msgstr "Semnal Necunoscut #"
-
-#~ msgid "Missing `}'"
-#~ msgstr "`}' lipsă"
-
-#~ msgid "brace_expand> "
-#~ msgstr "brace_expand> "
-
-#~ msgid "Attempt to free unknown command type `%d'.\n"
-#~ msgstr "Încercare de eliberare(free) tip comandă necunoscută `%d'.\n"
-
-#~ msgid "Report this to %s\n"
-#~ msgstr "Raportaţi asta la %s\n"
-
-#~ msgid "Stopping myself..."
-#~ msgstr "Mă opresc..."
-
-#~ msgid "Tell %s to fix this someday.\n"
-#~ msgstr "Spuneţi lui %s să repare asta într-o bun zi.\n"
-
-#~ msgid "execute_command: bad command type `%d'"
-#~ msgstr "execute_command: tip de comandă greşită `%d'"
-
-#~ msgid "real\t"
-#~ msgstr "real\t"
-
-#~ msgid "user\t"
-#~ msgstr "user\t"
-
-#~ msgid "sys\t"
-#~ msgstr "sis\t"
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "real\t0m0.00s\n"
-#~ "user\t0m0.00s\n"
-#~ "sys\t0m0.00s\n"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "real\t0m0.00s\n"
-#~ "user\t0m0.00s\n"
-#~ "sis\t0m0.00s\n"
-
-#~ msgid "cannot duplicate fd %d to fd 1: %s"
-#~ msgstr "nu se poate duplica fd %d în fd 1: %s"
-
-#~ msgid "%s: output redirection restricted"
-#~ msgstr "%s redirectare spre output limitată"
-
-#~ msgid "Out of memory!"
-#~ msgstr "Memorie plină!"
-
-#~ msgid "You have already added item `%s'\n"
-#~ msgstr "Aţi adăugat deja elementul `%s'\n"
-
-#~ msgid "You have entered %d (%d) items. The distribution is:\n"
-#~ msgstr "Aţi introdus %d (%d) elemente. Distribuţia este:\n"
-
-#~ msgid "slot %3d: "
-#~ msgstr "slot %3d: "
-
-#~ msgid "<unknown>"
-#~ msgstr "<necunoscut>"
-
-#~ msgid "%s: bg background job?"
-#~ msgstr "%s: bg job din fundal?"
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Redirection instruction from yyparse () '%d' is\n"
-#~ "out of range in make_redirection ()."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Redirectare instrucţiune din yyparse () '%d' is\n"
-#~ "în afara intervalului în make_redirection ()."
-
-#~ msgid "clean_simple_command () got a command with type %d."
-#~ msgstr "clean_simple_command () a primit o comandă de tipul %d."
-
-#~ msgid "got errno %d while waiting for %d"
-#~ msgstr "s-a primit errno %d în aşteptarea lui %d"
-
-#~ msgid "syntax error near unexpected token `%c'"
-#~ msgstr "eroare de sintaxă neaşteptată lângă `%c'"
-
-#~ msgid "print_command: bad command type `%d'"
-#~ msgstr "print_command: tip comandă greşit `%d'"
-
-#~ msgid "cprintf: bad `%%' argument (%c)"
-#~ msgstr "cprintf: parametru `%%' invalid (%c)"
-
-#~ msgid "option `%s' requires an argument"
-#~ msgstr "opţiunea `%s' necesită un parametru"
-
-#~ msgid "%s: unrecognized option"
-#~ msgstr "%s: opţiune necunoscută"
-
-#~ msgid "`-c' requires an argument"
-#~ msgstr "`-c' necesită un parametru"
-
-#~ msgid "%s: cannot execute directories"
-#~ msgstr "%s: directoarele nu se pot executa"
-
-#~ msgid "Bad code in sig.c: sigprocmask"
-#~ msgstr "Cod invalid în sig.c: sigprocmask"
-
-#~ msgid "can't make pipes for process substitution: %s"
-#~ msgstr "nu pot face legături (pipes) pentru substituţia procesului: %s"
-
-#~ msgid "reading"
-#~ msgstr "în citire"
-
-#~ msgid "writing"
-#~ msgstr "în scriere"
-
-#~ msgid "process substitution"
-#~ msgstr "substituire de proces"
-
-#~ msgid "command substitution"
-#~ msgstr "substituire de comenzi"
-
-#~ msgid "Can't reopen pipe to command substitution (fd %d): %s"
-#~ msgstr "Nu se poate redeschide legătura (pipe) către substituţia de comenzi (fd %d): %s"
-
-#~ msgid "$%c: unbound variable"
-#~ msgstr "$%c: variabilă fără limită"
-
-#~ msgid "%s: bad arithmetic substitution"
-#~ msgstr "%s: substituţie aritmetică greşită"
-
-#~ msgid "-%s: binary operator expected"
-#~ msgstr "-%s: se aşteaptă operator binar"
-
-#~ msgid "%s[%s: bad subscript"
-#~ msgstr "%s[%s: subsctipţie invalidă"
-
-#~ msgid "[%s: bad subscript"
-#~ msgstr "[%s: subscripţie invalidă"
-
-#~ msgid "xrealloc: cannot reallocate %lu bytes (%lu bytes allocated)"
-#~ msgstr "xrealloc: nu pot realoca %lu octeţi (%lu octeţi alocaţi)"
-
-#~ msgid "digits occur in two different argv-elements.\n"
-#~ msgstr "se regăsesc digiţi în două elemente argv diferite.\n"
-
-#~ msgid "option %c\n"
-#~ msgstr "opţiunea %c\n"
-
-#~ msgid "option a\n"
-#~ msgstr "opţiunea a\n"
-
-#~ msgid "option b\n"
-#~ msgstr "opţiunea b\n"
-
-#~ msgid "option c with value `%s'\n"
-#~ msgstr "opţiunea c cu valoarea '%s'\n"
-
-#~ msgid "?? sh_getopt returned character code 0%o ??\n"
-#~ msgstr "?? sh_getopt a returnat codul de caracter 0%o ??\n"
-
-#~ msgid "non-option ARGV-elements: "
-#~ msgstr "elemente ARGV fără opţiuni: "
-
-#~ msgid "%s: Unknown flag %s.\n"
-#~ msgstr "%s: Marcaj (flag) necunoscut %s.\n"
-
-#~ msgid "Unknown directive `%s'"
-#~ msgstr "Directivă necunoscută '%s'"
-
-#~ msgid "%s must be inside of a $BUILTIN block"
-#~ msgstr "%s trebuie sa fie înăuntrul unui bloc $BUILTIN"
-
-#~ msgid "%s found before $END"
-#~ msgstr "s-a găsit %s înainte de $END"
-
-#~ msgid "%s already has a function (%s)"
-#~ msgstr "%s avea deja o funcţie (%s)"
-
-#~ msgid "%s already had a docname (%s)"
-#~ msgstr "%s avea deja un docname (%s)"
-
-#~ msgid "%s already has short documentation (%s)"
-#~ msgstr "%s are deja documentaţie scurtă (%s)"
-
-#~ msgid "%s already has a %s definition"
-#~ msgstr "%s are deja o definiţie %s"
-
-#~ msgid "mkbuiltins: Out of virtual memory!\n"
-#~ msgstr "mkbuiltins: Memorie virtuală plină!\n"
-
-#~ msgid ":"
-#~ msgstr ":"
-
-#~ msgid "read [-r] [-p prompt] [-a array] [-e] [name ...]"
-#~ msgstr "read [-r] [-p prompt] [-a interval] [-e] [nume ...]"
-
-#~ msgid "times"
-#~ msgstr "ori"
-
-#~ msgid "%[DIGITS | WORD] [&]"
-#~ msgstr "%[DIGIŢI | CUVÂNT] [&]"
-
-#~ msgid "variables - Some variable names and meanings"
-#~ msgstr "variabile - Câteva nume de variabile şi ce înseamnă"
-
-#~ msgid "`alias' with no arguments or with the -p option prints the list"
-#~ msgstr "`alias' fără parametri sau cu opţiunea -p printează lista"
-
-#~ msgid "of aliases in the form alias NAME=VALUE on standard output."
-#~ msgstr "aliasurilor în forma alias NUME=VALOARE la ieşirea standard"
-
-#~ msgid "Otherwise, an alias is defined for each NAME whose VALUE is given."
-#~ msgstr "În caz contrar, aliasul este definit pentru fiecare NUME a cărui VALOARE este dată."
-
-#~ msgid "A trailing space in VALUE causes the next word to be checked for"
-#~ msgstr "Un spaţiu la sfârşit în VALOARE va face ca următorul cuvânt sa fie interogat de"
-
-#~ msgid "alias substitution when the alias is expanded. Alias returns"
-#~ msgstr "substituţii de alias când aliasul este extins. Aliasul returnează"
-
-#~ msgid "true unless a NAME is given for which no alias has been defined."
-#~ msgstr "adevărat în afară de cazul în care NUME nu este dat şi pentru care nu a fost definit nici un alias."
-
-#~ msgid "Remove NAMEs from the list of defined aliases. If the -a option is given,"
-#~ msgstr "Elimină NUME din lista de aliasuri definite. Dacă este dată opţiunea -a,"
-
-#~ msgid "then remove all alias definitions."
-#~ msgstr "atunci şterge toate definiţiile aliasurilor."
-
-#~ msgid "Bind a key sequence to a Readline function, or to a macro. The"
-#~ msgstr "Leagă (bind) o secvenţă de taste de o funcţie Readline, sau de un macro. "
-
-#~ msgid "syntax is equivalent to that found in ~/.inputrc, but must be"
-#~ msgstr "Sintaxa este echivalentă cu cea întâlnită în ~/.inputrc, dar trebuie"
-
-#~ msgid "passed as a single argument: bind '\"\\C-x\\C-r\": re-read-init-file'."
-#~ msgstr "trimisă parametru singular: bind '\"\\C-x\\C-r\": re-read-init-file'."
-
-#~ msgid "Arguments we accept:"
-#~ msgstr "Parametri acceptaţi:"
-
-#~ msgid " -m keymap Use `keymap' as the keymap for the duration of this"
-#~ msgstr " -m keymap Foloseşte `keymap' ca şi mapare de taste pentru durata"
-
-#~ msgid " command. Acceptable keymap names are emacs,"
-#~ msgstr " acestei comenzi. Nume acceptate de keymaps sunt emacs,"
-
-#~ msgid " emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,"
-#~ msgstr " emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,"
-
-#~ msgid " vi-command, and vi-insert."
-#~ msgstr " vi-command, şi vi-insert."
-
-#~ msgid " -l List names of functions."
-#~ msgstr " -l Listează numele funcţiilor."
-
-#~ msgid " -P List function names and bindings."
-#~ msgstr " -P Listează numele funcţiilor şi legăturile (bindings)."
-
-#~ msgid " -p List functions and bindings in a form that can be"
-#~ msgstr " -p Listează funcţiile şi legăturile (bindings) într-o formă care"
-
-#~ msgid " reused as input."
-#~ msgstr " poate fi refolosită ca intrare(input)."
-
-#~ msgid " -r keyseq Remove the binding for KEYSEQ."
-#~ msgstr " -r keyseq Elimină legăturile(bindings) pentru KEYSEQ."
-
-#~ msgid " -f filename Read key bindings from FILENAME."
-#~ msgstr " -f nume_fişier Citeşte legăturile (bindings) din NUME_FIŞIER"
-
-#~ msgid " -q function-name Query about which keys invoke the named function."
-#~ msgstr " -q nume_funcţie Verifică tastele care invocă funcţia numită."
-
-#~ msgid " -V List variable names and values"
-#~ msgstr " -V Listează numele variabilelor şi valorile"
-
-#~ msgid " -v List variable names and values in a form that can"
-#~ msgstr " -v Listează numele variabilelor şi valorile într-o formă care poate"
-
-#~ msgid " be reused as input."
-#~ msgstr " fi reutilizată ca date de intrare."
-
-#~ msgid " -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their values"
-#~ msgstr " -S Listează secvenţele de taste care invocă macrourile şi valorile lor"
-
-#~ msgid " -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their values in"
-#~ msgstr " -s Listează secvenţele de taste care invocă macrourile şi valorile lorîntr-o"
-
-#~ msgid " a form that can be reused as input."
-#~ msgstr " formă care poate fi reutilizată ca date de intrare."
-
-#~ msgid "Exit from within a FOR, WHILE or UNTIL loop. If N is specified,"
-#~ msgstr "Ieşire dintr-un ciclu FOR, WHILE sau UNTIL. Daca N este specificat,"
-
-#~ msgid "break N levels."
-#~ msgstr "întrerupe N nivele"
-
-#~ msgid "Resume the next iteration of the enclosing FOR, WHILE or UNTIL loop."
-#~ msgstr "Continuă urmatoarea iteraţie din ciclul închis FOR, WHILE sau UNTIL."
-
-#~ msgid "If N is specified, resume at the N-th enclosing loop."
-#~ msgstr "Dacă N este specificat, continuă al N-ulea ciclu închis."
-
-#~ msgid "Run a shell builtin. This is useful when you wish to rename a"
-#~ msgstr "Rulează un shell intern. Aceasta este folositoare când doriţi sa redenumiţi "
-
-#~ msgid "shell builtin to be a function, but need the functionality of the"
-#~ msgstr "un shell intern drept funcţie, dar aveţi nevoie de funcţionalitatea"
-
-#~ msgid "builtin within the function itself."
-#~ msgstr "funcţiei interne de asemenea."
-
-#~ msgid "Change the current directory to DIR. The variable $HOME is the"
-#~ msgstr "Schimbă directorul curent cu DIR. Variabila $HOME este"
-
-#~ msgid "default DIR. The variable $CDPATH defines the search path for"
-#~ msgstr "DIR implicit. Variabila $CDPATH defineşte calea de căutare pentru"
-
-#~ msgid "the directory containing DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH"
-#~ msgstr "directorul care conţine DIR. Numele de directoare alternative în CDPATH"
-
-#~ msgid "are separated by a colon (:). A null directory name is the same as"
-#~ msgstr "sunt separate de două puncte (:). Un nume de director nul reprezintă referire la"
-
-#~ msgid "the current directory, i.e. `.'. If DIR begins with a slash (/),"
-#~ msgstr "directorul curent, i.e. `.'. Dacă DIR începe cu un slash (/),"
-
-#~ msgid "then $CDPATH is not used. If the directory is not found, and the"
-#~ msgstr "atunci $CDPATH nu este folosită. Dacă directorul nu este găsit, şi"
-
-#~ msgid "shell option `cdable_vars' is set, then try the word as a variable"
-#~ msgstr "opţiunea de shell `cdable_vars' este setată, atunci cuvântul este un nume"
-
-#~ msgid "name. If that variable has a value, then cd to the value of that"
-#~ msgstr "de variabilă. Dacă variabila are o valoare, se va face cd pe valoarea acelei"
-
-#~ msgid "variable. The -P option says to use the physical directory structure"
-#~ msgstr "variabile. Opţiunea -P trimite la folosirea structurii fizice de directoare"
-
-#~ msgid "instead of following symbolic links; the -L option forces symbolic links"
-#~ msgstr "în loc de urmarea legăturilor simbolice; opţiunea -L forţează urmarea"
-
-#~ msgid "to be followed."
-#~ msgstr "legăturilor simbolice."
-
-#~ msgid "Print the current working directory. With the -P option, pwd prints"
-#~ msgstr "Afişează directorul de lucru curent. Cu opţiunea -P, pwd afişează"
-
-#~ msgid "the physical directory, without any symbolic links; the -L option"
-#~ msgstr "directoarele simbolice, fără nici o legătură simbolică; opţiunea -L"
-
-#~ msgid "makes pwd follow symbolic links."
-#~ msgstr "face ca pwd să urmeze legăturile simbolice."
-
-#~ msgid "Runs COMMAND with ARGS ignoring shell functions. If you have a shell"
-#~ msgstr "Rulează COMANDA cu PARAMETRI ignorând funcţiile shellului. Dacă aveţi"
-
-#~ msgid "function called `ls', and you wish to call the command `ls', you can"
-#~ msgstr "o funcţie a shellului care se cheamă `ls', şi doriţi sa numiţi comanda `ls', puteţi"
-
-#~ msgid "say \"command ls\". If the -p option is given, a default value is used"
-#~ msgstr "spune \"command ls\". Daca este dată opţiunea -p este folosită o valoare implicită"
-
-#~ msgid "for PATH that is guaranteed to find all of the standard utilities. If"
-#~ msgstr "pentru CALE care e garantată să găsească toate utilitarele standard. Dacă"
-
-#~ msgid "the -V or -v option is given, a string is printed describing COMMAND."
-#~ msgstr "sunt date opţiunile -V sau -v, este tipărit un şir care descrie COMANDA."
-
-#~ msgid "The -V option produces a more verbose description."
-#~ msgstr "Opţiunea -V produce o descriere mult mai detaliată."
-
-#~ msgid "Declare variables and/or give them attributes. If no NAMEs are"
-#~ msgstr "Declară variabile şi/sau le dă atribute. Dacă nu e dat nici un NUME,"
-
-#~ msgid "given, then display the values of variables instead. The -p option"
-#~ msgstr "va afişa în loc valorile variabilelor. Opţiunea -p"
-
-#~ msgid "will display the attributes and values of each NAME."
-#~ msgstr "va afişa atributele şi valorile fiecărui NUME."
-
-#~ msgid "The flags are:"
-#~ msgstr "Marcajele(flags) sunt:"
-
-#~ msgid " -a\tto make NAMEs arrays (if supported)"
-#~ msgstr " -a\tpentru a crea intervale de NUME (dacă este suportat)"
-
-#~ msgid " -f\tto select from among function names only"
-#~ msgstr " -f\tpentru a selecta doar prin numele funcţiilor"
-
-#~ msgid " -F\tto display function names without definitions"
-#~ msgstr " -F\tpentru a afişa numele funcţiilor fără definiţii"
-
-#~ msgid " -r\tto make NAMEs readonly"
-#~ msgstr " -r\tpentru a face NUME doar în citire (readonly)"
-
-#~ msgid " -x\tto make NAMEs export"
-#~ msgstr " -x\tpentru a exporta NUME"
-
-#~ msgid " -i\tto make NAMEs have the `integer' attribute set"
-#~ msgstr " -i\tpentru ca NUME să aibe setat atributul de `integer'"
-
-#~ msgid "Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see"
-#~ msgstr "Variabilele cu atributul integer au evaluarea aritmetică (vezi"
-
-#~ msgid "`let') done when the variable is assigned to."
-#~ msgstr "`let') efectuată când îi este atribuită variabila."
-
-#~ msgid "When displaying values of variables, -f displays a function's name"
-#~ msgstr "La afişarea valorilor variabilelor, -f afişează numele funcţiei"
-
-#~ msgid "and definition. The -F option restricts the display to function"
-#~ msgstr "şi definiţia. Opţiunea -F restrânge afişarea doar la"
-
-#~ msgid "name only."
-#~ msgstr "numele funcţiei."
-
-#~ msgid "Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the given attribute instead. When"
-#~ msgstr "Folosirea `+' în locul `-' dezactivează atributul dat. Când"
-
-#~ msgid "used in a function, makes NAMEs local, as with the `local' command."
-#~ msgstr "este folosit într-o funcţie, se consideră NUME locale, ca şi în comanda `local'."
-
-#~ msgid "Obsolete. See `declare'."
-#~ msgstr "Învechit. Vezi `declare'."
-
-#~ msgid "Create a local variable called NAME, and give it VALUE. LOCAL"
-#~ msgstr "Creează o variabilă locală denumită NUME, şi îi atribuie VALOARE. LOCAL"
-
-#~ msgid "have a visible scope restricted to that function and its children."
-#~ msgstr "să aibă un domeniu vizibil restrâns la acea funcţie şi copilul (children) ei."
-
-#~ msgid "Output the ARGs. If -n is specified, the trailing newline is"
-#~ msgstr "Afişează (output) ARGumenetele. Dacă -n este specificat,sfârşitul de linie este"
-
-#~ msgid "suppressed. If the -e option is given, interpretation of the"
-#~ msgstr "suprimat. Dacă este dată opţiunea -e, interpretarea"
-
-#~ msgid "following backslash-escaped characters is turned on:"
-#~ msgstr "următorului caracterelor speciale (backslash-escaped) este activată:"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\\a\talert (bell)"
-#~ msgstr "\t\\a\talertă (clopoţel (bell))"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\\b\tbackspace"
-#~ msgstr "\t\\b\tbackspace"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\\c\tsuppress trailing newline"
-#~ msgstr "\t\\c\tsuprimă sfârşitul de linie"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\\E\tescape character"
-#~ msgstr "\t\\E\tcaracterul escape"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\\f\tform feed"
-#~ msgstr "\t\\f\ttrecere la început de linie (form feed)"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\\n\tnew line"
-#~ msgstr "\t\\n\tlinie nouă"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\\r\tcarriage return"
-#~ msgstr "\t\\r\tretur de car (carriage return)"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\\t\thorizontal tab"
-#~ msgstr "\t\\t\ttab orizontal"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\\v\tvertical tab"
-#~ msgstr "\t\\v\ttab vertical"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\\\\\tbackslash"
-#~ msgstr "\t\\\\\tbackslash"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\\num\tthe character whose ASCII code is NUM (octal)."
-#~ msgstr "\t\\num\tcaracterul al cărui cod ASCII este NUM (octal)."
-
-#~ msgid "You can explicitly turn off the interpretation of the above characters"
-#~ msgstr "Puteţi dezactiva explicit interpretarea caracterelor de mai sus"
-
-#~ msgid "with the -E option."
-#~ msgstr "cu ajutorul opţiunii -E."
-
-#~ msgid "Output the ARGs. If -n is specified, the trailing newline is suppressed."
-#~ msgstr "Afişează (output) ARGumentele. Dacă este specificat -n, sfârşitul de linie este suprimat."
-
-#~ msgid "Enable and disable builtin shell commands. This allows"
-#~ msgstr "Activează şi dezactivează comenzile interne ale shell-ului. Aceasta vă"
-
-#~ msgid "you to use a disk command which has the same name as a shell"
-#~ msgstr "permite utilizarea unei comenzi disk care să aibă acelaşi nume ca şi cea "
-
-#~ msgid "builtin. If -n is used, the NAMEs become disabled; otherwise"
-#~ msgstr "internă a shell-ului. Dacă este folosit -n, NUME devine dezactivat; în caz contrar"
-
-#~ msgid "NAMEs are enabled. For example, to use the `test' found on your"
-#~ msgstr "NUME este activat. De exemplu, pentru a folosi funcţia `test; aflată în"
-
-#~ msgid "path instead of the shell builtin version, type `enable -n test'."
-#~ msgstr "calea(path) dumneavoastră în loc de versiunea internă, tastaţi `enable -n test'."
-
-#~ msgid "On systems supporting dynamic loading, the -f option may be used"
-#~ msgstr "Pe sistemele care suportă încărcarea dinamică, opţiunea -f poate fi folosită"
-
-#~ msgid "to load new builtins from the shared object FILENAME. The -d"
-#~ msgstr "pentru a încărca noile elemente (builtins) din obiectul distribuit (shared object) NUME_FIŞIER. Opţiunea -d"
-
-#~ msgid "option will delete a builtin previously loaded with -f. If no"
-#~ msgstr "va şterge un element (builtin) deja încărcat cu -f. Dacă nu"
-
-#~ msgid "non-option names are given, or the -p option is supplied, a list"
-#~ msgstr "este dat nici un nume non-opţiune, sau este prezentă opţiunea -p, o listă"
-
-#~ msgid "of builtins is printed. The -a option means to print every builtin"
-#~ msgstr "de elemente(builtins) este tipărită. Opţiunea -a înseamnă tipărirea fiecărui "
-
-#~ msgid "with an indication of whether or not it is enabled. The -s option"
-#~ msgstr "element(builtin) cu o indicaţie dacă este sau nu activ. Opţiunea -s"
-
-#~ msgid "restricts the output to the Posix.2 `special' builtins. The -n"
-#~ msgstr "restricţionează output-ul la elementele(builtins) `speciale' Posix 2. Opţiunea"
-
-#~ msgid "option displays a list of all disabled builtins."
-#~ msgstr "-n afişează o listă a tuturor elementelor(builtins) inactive."
-
-#~ msgid "Read ARGs as input to the shell and execute the resulting command(s)."
-#~ msgstr "Citeşte ARGumente ca input al shell-ului şi execută comanda(comenzile) rezultată(e)."
-
-#~ msgid "Getopts is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters."
-#~ msgstr "Getopts este folosit de procedurile de shell pentru a analiza(parse) parametrii poziţionali."
-
-#~ msgid "OPTSTRING contains the option letters to be recognized; if a letter"
-#~ msgstr "OPTSTRING conţine literele optiunilor care vor fi recunoscute; dacă o literă"
-
-#~ msgid "is followed by a colon, the option is expected to have an argument,"
-#~ msgstr "e urmată de două puncte, opţiunea va trebui să aibă un parametru,"
-
-#~ msgid "which should be separated from it by white space."
-#~ msgstr "care va fi separat de aceasta printr-un spaţiu."
-
-#~ msgid "Each time it is invoked, getopts will place the next option in the"
-#~ msgstr "De fiecare dată când este invocat, getopts va pune următoarea opţiune în"
-
-#~ msgid "shell variable $name, initializing name if it does not exist, and"
-#~ msgstr "variabile de shell $name, iniţializând name dacă nu există, şi"
-
-#~ msgid "the index of the next argument to be processed into the shell"
-#~ msgstr "indexul următorilor parametri care vor fi procesaţi în variabila"
-
-#~ msgid "variable OPTIND. OPTIND is initialized to 1 each time the shell or"
-#~ msgstr "de shell OPTIND. OPTIND este iniţializată cu 1 de fiecare dată când shellul sau"
-
-#~ msgid "a shell script is invoked. When an option requires an argument,"
-#~ msgstr "un script al shellului este invocat. Când opţiunea necesită un parametru,"
-
-#~ msgid "getopts places that argument into the shell variable OPTARG."
-#~ msgstr "getopts plasează acest parametru în variabila de shell OPTARG."
-
-#~ msgid "getopts reports errors in one of two ways. If the first character"
-#~ msgstr "getopts raportează erori în două feluri. Dacă primul caracter"
-
-#~ msgid "of OPTSTRING is a colon, getopts uses silent error reporting. In"
-#~ msgstr "al OPTSTRING este 'două puncte', getopts va folosi raportarea silenţioasă. În"
-
-#~ msgid "this mode, no error messages are printed. If an illegal option is"
-#~ msgstr "acest mod, nici un mesaj de eroare nu este tipărit. Dacă o opţiune ilegală este"
-
-#~ msgid "seen, getopts places the option character found into OPTARG. If a"
-#~ msgstr "întâlnită, getopts plasează caracterul opţiunii în OPTARG. Dacă un"
-
-#~ msgid "required argument is not found, getopts places a ':' into NAME and"
-#~ msgstr "parametru necesar nu este întâlnit, getopts pune ':' la NUME şi"
-
-#~ msgid "sets OPTARG to the option character found. If getopts is not in"
-#~ msgstr "setează OPTARG la caracterul întâlnit al opţiunii. Dacă getopts nu este în"
-
-#~ msgid "silent mode, and an illegal option is seen, getopts places '?' into"
-#~ msgstr "modul silenţios, şi se întâlneşte o opţiune ilegală, getopts pune '?' în"
-
-#~ msgid "NAME and unsets OPTARG. If a required option is not found, a '?'"
-#~ msgstr "NUME şi desetează OPTARG. Dacă o opţiune necesară nu este întâlnită, un '?'"
-
-#~ msgid "is placed in NAME, OPTARG is unset, and a diagnostic message is"
-#~ msgstr "va fi pus în NUME, OPTARG va fi desetat, şi un mesaj de diagnosticare va fi"
-
-#~ msgid "printed."
-#~ msgstr "afişat."
-
-#~ msgid "If the shell variable OPTERR has the value 0, getopts disables the"
-#~ msgstr "Dacă variabila de shell OPTERR are valoarea 0, getopts dezactivează"
-
-#~ msgid "printing of error messages, even if the first character of"
-#~ msgstr "afişarea mesajelor de eroare, chiar daca primul caracter al"
-
-#~ msgid "OPTSTRING is not a colon. OPTERR has the value 1 by default."
-#~ msgstr "OPTSTRING nu este 'două puncte'. OPTERR are implicit valoarea 1."
-
-#~ msgid "Getopts normally parses the positional parameters ($0 - $9), but if"
-#~ msgstr "Getopts analizează(parses) normal parametrii poziţionali ($0 - $9), dar dacă"
-
-#~ msgid "more arguments are given, they are parsed instead."
-#~ msgstr "sunt daţi mai mulţi parametri, aceştia sunt analizaţi în loc."
-
-#~ msgid "Exec FILE, replacing this shell with the specified program."
-#~ msgstr "Exec FIŞIER, înlocuind acest shell cu un program specificat."
-
-#~ msgid "If FILE is not specified, the redirections take effect in this"
-#~ msgstr "Dacă FIŞIER nu este specificat, redirectările au efect în acest"
-
-#~ msgid "shell. If the first argument is `-l', then place a dash in the"
-#~ msgstr "shell. Dacă primul parametru este `-l', atunci se va plasa o liniuţă în"
-
-#~ msgid "zeroth arg passed to FILE, as login does. If the `-c' option"
-#~ msgstr "al zero-ulea arg pasat FIŞIERului, cum face login-ul. Dacă opţiunea `-c'"
-
-#~ msgid "is supplied, FILE is executed with a null environment. The `-a'"
-#~ msgstr "este furnizată, FIŞIER este executat cu un mediu null. Opţiunea"
-
-#~ msgid "option means to make set argv[0] of the executed process to NAME."
-#~ msgstr "'-a' înseamnă setarea argv[0] a procesului executat la NUME."
-
-#~ msgid "If the file cannot be executed and the shell is not interactive,"
-#~ msgstr "Dacă fişierul nu poate fi executat şi shell-ul nu este interactiv,"
-
-#~ msgid "then the shell exits, unless the variable \"no_exit_on_failed_exec\""
-#~ msgstr "atunci shell-ul iese, dacă variabila \"no_exit_on_failed_exec\""
-
-#~ msgid "is set."
-#~ msgstr "nu este setată."
-
-#~ msgid "is that of the last command executed."
-#~ msgstr "este aceea a ultimei comenzi executate."
-
-#~ msgid "FIRST and LAST can be numbers specifying the range, or FIRST can be a"
-#~ msgstr "PRIMUL şi ULTIMUL pot fi numere care specifică intervalul, sau PRIMUL poate fi"
-
-#~ msgid "string, which means the most recent command beginning with that"
-#~ msgstr "un şir care reprezintă cea mai recentă comandă care începea cu acest"
-
-#~ msgid "string."
-#~ msgstr "şir."
-
-#~ msgid " -e ENAME selects which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then EDITOR,"
-#~ msgstr " -e ENUME selectează editorul de folosit. implicit este FCEDIT, apoi EDITOR,"
-
-#~ msgid " then the editor which corresponds to the current readline editing"
-#~ msgstr " apoi editorul care corespunde cu modul de editare al liniei(readline)"
-
-#~ msgid " mode, then vi."
-#~ msgstr " curente, şi apoi vi."
-
-#~ msgid " -l means list lines instead of editing."
-#~ msgstr " -l reprezintă afişarea liniilor în locul editării acestora."
-
-#~ msgid " -n means no line numbers listed."
-#~ msgstr " -n înseamnă că nu vor fi afişate numerele liniilor."
-
-#~ msgid " -r means reverse the order of the lines (making it newest listed first)."
-#~ msgstr " -r reprezintă inversarea ordinii liniilor (cele mai noi fiind listate primele)."
-
-#~ msgid "With the `fc -s [pat=rep ...] [command]' format, the command is"
-#~ msgstr "Cu `fc -s [pat=rep ...] [comandă]' format, comanda este"
-
-#~ msgid "re-executed after the substitution OLD=NEW is performed."
-#~ msgstr "reexecutată după ce s-a produs substituţia VECHI=NOU."
-
-#~ msgid "A useful alias to use with this is r='fc -s', so that typing `r cc'"
-#~ msgstr "Un alias folositor este r='fc -s', aşa că tastând `r cc'"
-
-#~ msgid "runs the last command beginning with `cc' and typing `r' re-executes"
-#~ msgstr "se rulează ultima comandă care începe cu `cc' şi tastând `r' se reexecută"
-
-#~ msgid "Place JOB_SPEC in the foreground, and make it the current job. If"
-#~ msgstr "Aduce JOB_SPEC în prim plan(foreground), ?şi îl face jobul curent. Dacă"
-
-#~ msgid "JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion of the current job is"
-#~ msgstr "JOB_SPEC nu este prezent, este folosită noţiunea shell-ului despre jobul"
-
-#~ msgid "used."
-#~ msgstr "curent."
-
-#~ msgid "Place JOB_SPEC in the background, as if it had been started with"
-#~ msgstr "Pune JOB_SPEC în fundal(background), ca şi cum ar fi fost pornit cu"
-
-#~ msgid "`&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion of the current"
-#~ msgstr "`&'. Dacă JOB_SPEC nu este prezent, va fi folosită noţiunea shell-ului despre"
-
-#~ msgid "job is used."
-#~ msgstr "jobul curent."
-
-#~ msgid "For each NAME, the full pathname of the command is determined and"
-#~ msgstr "Pentru fiecare NUME, calea întreagă a comenzii este determinată şi"
-
-#~ msgid "remembered. If the -p option is supplied, PATHNAME is used as the"
-#~ msgstr "reţinută. Daca este furnizată şi opţiunea -p, CALE este folosită ca şi"
-
-#~ msgid "full pathname of NAME, and no path search is performed. The -r"
-#~ msgstr "cale de căutare întreagă a NUMElui, şi nu se mai face căutare în calea curentă. "
-
-#~ msgid "option causes the shell to forget all remembered locations. If no"
-#~ msgstr "Opţiunea -r face ca shell-ul să uite toate locaţiile reţinute. Dacă nu"
-
-#~ msgid "arguments are given, information about remembered commands is displayed."
-#~ msgstr "este furnizat nici un parametru sunt afişate informaţii despre comenzile reţinute."
-
-#~ msgid "Display helpful information about builtin commands. If PATTERN is"
-#~ msgstr "Se afişează informaţii folositoare despre comenzile interne. Dacă TIPAR este"
-
-#~ msgid "specified, gives detailed help on all commands matching PATTERN,"
-#~ msgstr "specificat, se dă ajutor detaliat pentru toate comenzile potrivite TIPARului,"
-
-#~ msgid "otherwise a list of the builtins is printed."
-#~ msgstr "în caz contrar se va tipări o listă a comenzilor interne."
-
-#~ msgid "Display the history list with line numbers. Lines listed with"
-#~ msgstr "Afişează istoricul cu numerele liniilor. Liniile listate cu"
-
-#~ msgid "with a `*' have been modified. Argument of N says to list only"
-#~ msgstr "un `*' au fost modificate. Parametrul N va aduce afişarea doar "
-
-#~ msgid "the last N lines. The -c option causes the history list to be"
-#~ msgstr "a ultimelor N linii. Opţiunea -c face ca lista istoricului să fie"
-
-#~ msgid "cleared by deleting all of the entries. The `-w' option writes out the"
-#~ msgstr "ştearsă prin ştergerea tuturor intrărilor. Opţiunea `-w' scrie"
-
-#~ msgid "current history to the history file; `-r' means to read the file and"
-#~ msgstr "istoricul curent în fişierul de istoric; `-r' înseamnă citirea fişierului şi"
-
-#~ msgid "append the contents to the history list instead. `-a' means"
-#~ msgstr "adăugare a conţinutului listei istoricului în loc. `-a' înseamnă"
-
-#~ msgid "to append history lines from this session to the history file."
-#~ msgstr "adăugare a liniilor istoricului din această sesiune la fişierul de istoric."
-
-#~ msgid "Argument `-n' means to read all history lines not already read"
-#~ msgstr "Parametrul `-n' înseamnă citirea tuturor liniilor istoricului care nu sunt deja citite"
-
-#~ msgid "from the history file and append them to the history list. If"
-#~ msgstr "din fişierul de istoric şi adăugarea lor la lista istoricului. Dacă"
-
-#~ msgid "FILENAME is given, then that is used as the history file else"
-#~ msgstr "este dat NUME_FIŞIER, acesta va fi utilizat ca fişier de istoric, în caz contrar"
-
-#~ msgid "if $HISTFILE has a value, that is used, else ~/.bash_history."
-#~ msgstr "dacă $HISTFILE are valoare, aceasta este utilizată, altfel ~/.bash_history."
-
-#~ msgid "If the -s option is supplied, the non-option ARGs are appended to"
-#~ msgstr "Dacă este furnizată opţiunea -s ARGumentele non-opţiuni sunt adăugate la"
-
-#~ msgid "the history list as a single entry. The -p option means to perform"
-#~ msgstr "lista istoricului ca intrări singure. Opţiunea -p înseamnă"
-
-#~ msgid "history expansion on each ARG and display the result, without storing"
-#~ msgstr "expandarea istoricului la fiecare ARGument şi afişarea rezultatului, fără a stoca"
-
-#~ msgid "anything in the history list."
-#~ msgstr "nimic în lista istoricului."
-
-#~ msgid "Lists the active jobs. The -l option lists process id's in addition"
-#~ msgstr "Listează joburile active. Opţiunea -l listează id-urile proceselor în plus faţă de"
-
-#~ msgid "to the normal information; the -p option lists process id's only."
-#~ msgstr "informaţiile normale; optiunea -p listează doar id-urile proceselor."
-
-#~ msgid "If -n is given, only processes that have changed status since the last"
-#~ msgstr "Dacă este dat -n,sunt afişate doar procesele care şi-au schimbat starea"
-
-#~ msgid "notification are printed. JOBSPEC restricts output to that job. The"
-#~ msgstr "de la ultima notificare. JOBSPEC restricţionează output-ul spre acel job. "
-
-#~ msgid "-r and -s options restrict output to running and stopped jobs only,"
-#~ msgstr "Opţiunile -r şi -s restricţionează output-ul doar spre joburile care rulează şi respectiv,"
-
-#~ msgid "respectively. Without options, the status of all active jobs is"
-#~ msgstr "care sunt stopate. Fără opţiuni, este afişată starea joburilor"
-
-#~ msgid "printed. If -x is given, COMMAND is run after all job specifications"
-#~ msgstr "active. Dacă este furnizat -x, COMANDĂ este rulată după ce toate specificaţiile"
-
-#~ msgid "that appear in ARGS have been replaced with the process ID of that job's"
-#~ msgstr "joburilor care aparîn ARGS au fost înlocuite cu ID-urile proceselor a"
-
-#~ msgid "process group leader."
-#~ msgstr "liderului de grup al proceselor acelui job(process group-leader)."
-
-#~ msgid "Removes each JOBSPEC argument from the table of active jobs."
-#~ msgstr "Şterge fiecare parametru JOBSPEC din tabela de joburi active."
-
-#~ msgid "Send the processes named by PID (or JOB) the signal SIGSPEC. If"
-#~ msgstr "Trimite proceselor numite de PID (sau JOB) semnalul SIGSPEC. Dacă"
-
-#~ msgid "SIGSPEC is not present, then SIGTERM is assumed. An argument of `-l'"
-#~ msgstr "SIGSPEC nu este prezent, atunci se asumă SIGTERM. Parametrul `-l'"
-
-#~ msgid "lists the signal names; if arguments follow `-l' they are assumed to"
-#~ msgstr "listează numele semnalelor; dacă urmează parametri după `-l' se asumă că"
-
-#~ msgid "be signal numbers for which names should be listed. Kill is a shell"
-#~ msgstr "sunt numere de semnale pentru care numele ar trebui listate. Kill este comandă"
-
-#~ msgid "builtin for two reasons: it allows job IDs to be used instead of"
-#~ msgstr "internă a sehll-ului din două motive: permite utilizarea ID-urilor de joburi în locul"
-
-#~ msgid "process IDs, and, if you have reached the limit on processes that"
-#~ msgstr "ID-urilor de procese, şi, daca s-a ajuns la limita de procese care "
-
-#~ msgid "you can create, you don't have to start a process to kill another one."
-#~ msgstr "se pot crea, nu mai e nevoie să se pornească un proces pentru a omorî altul."
-
-#~ msgid "Each ARG is an arithmetic expression to be evaluated. Evaluation"
-#~ msgstr "Fiecare ARGument este o expresie aritmetică ce va fi evaluată. Evaluarea"
-
-#~ msgid "is done in long integers with no check for overflow, though division"
-#~ msgstr "se face în întregi lungi (long integers) fără verificări de overflow, totuşi împărţirea"
-
-#~ msgid "by 0 is trapped and flagged as an error. The following list of"
-#~ msgstr "la 0 este reţinută şi marcată ca eroare. Următoarea listă de"
-
-#~ msgid "operators is grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators."
-#~ msgstr "operatori este grupată în nivele de operatori 'equal-precedence'."
-
-#~ msgid "The levels are listed in order of decreasing precedence."
-#~ msgstr "Nivelele sunt listate în ordinea inversă a întâietăţii."
-
-#~ msgid "\t-, +\t\tunary minus, plus"
-#~ msgstr "\t-, +\t\tplus, minus unar"
-
-#~ msgid "\t!, ~\t\tlogical and bitwise negation"
-#~ msgstr "\t!, ~\t\tnegare logică"
-
-#~ msgid "\t*, /, %\t\tmultiplication, division, remainder"
-#~ msgstr "\t*, /, %\t\tînmulţire, împărţire, rest"
-
-#~ msgid "\t+, -\t\taddition, subtraction"
-#~ msgstr "\t+, -\t\tadăugare, scădere"
-
-#~ msgid "\t<<, >>\t\tleft and right bitwise shifts"
-#~ msgstr "\t<<, >>\t\toperaţii pe un bit la stânga şi la dreapta"
-
-#~ msgid "\t<=, >=, <, >\tcomparison"
-#~ msgstr "\t<=, >=, <, >\tcomparare"
-
-#~ msgid "\t==, !=\t\tequality, inequality"
-#~ msgstr "\t==, !=\t\tegalitate, inegalitate"
-
-#~ msgid "\t&\t\tbitwise AND"
-#~ msgstr "\t&\t\tŞI pe un bit"
-
-#~ msgid "\t^\t\tbitwise XOR"
-#~ msgstr "\t^\t\tSAU exclusiv(XOR) pe un bit"
-
-#~ msgid "\t|\t\tbitwise OR"
-#~ msgstr "\t|\t\tSAU pe un bit"
-
-#~ msgid "\t&&\t\tlogical AND"
-#~ msgstr "\t&&\t\tŞI logic"
-
-#~ msgid "\t||\t\tlogical OR"
-#~ msgstr "\t||\t\tSAU logic"
-
-#~ msgid "\texpr ? expr : expr"
-#~ msgstr "\texpr ? expr : expr"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\t\tconditional expression"
-#~ msgstr "\t\t\texpresie condiţională"
-
-#~ msgid "\t=, *=, /=, %=,"
-#~ msgstr "\t=, *=, /=, %=,"
-
-#~ msgid "\t+=, -=, <<=, >>=,"
-#~ msgstr "\t+=, -=, <<=, >>=,"
-
-#~ msgid "\t&=, ^=, |=\tassignment"
-#~ msgstr "\t&=, ^=, |=\tatribuire"
-
-#~ msgid "is replaced by its value (coerced to a long integer) within"
-#~ msgstr "este înlocuit de valoarea sa (trunchiată la un întreg lung) într-o"
-
-#~ msgid "an expression. The variable need not have its integer attribute"
-#~ msgstr "expresie. Variabila nu trebuie să aibă atributul său întreg"
-
-#~ msgid "turned on to be used in an expression."
-#~ msgstr "activat pentru a fi folosită într-o expresie."
-
-#~ msgid "Operators are evaluated in order of precedence. Sub-expressions in"
-#~ msgstr "Operatorii sunt evaluaţi în ordinea întâietăţii. Subexpresiile din"
-
-#~ msgid "parentheses are evaluated first and may override the precedence"
-#~ msgstr "paranteze sunt evaluate primele şi pot suprascrie regulile de"
-
-#~ msgid "rules above."
-#~ msgstr "întâietate de mai sus."
-
-#~ msgid "If the last ARG evaluates to 0, let returns 1; 0 is returned"
-#~ msgstr "Dacă ultimul ARGument este evaluat la 0 let returnează 1; 0 este returnat"
-
-#~ msgid "otherwise."
-#~ msgstr "în caz contrar."
-
-#~ msgid "One line is read from the standard input, and the first word is"
-#~ msgstr "Linia este citită de la intrarea(input) standard, şi primul cuvânt este"
-
-#~ msgid "assigned to the first NAME, the second word to the second NAME, and so"
-#~ msgstr "atribuit primului NUME, al doilea cuvânt celui de-al doilea NUME, şi aşa"
-
-#~ msgid "on, with leftover words assigned to the last NAME. Only the characters"
-#~ msgstr "mai departe, cu cele rămase atribuite ultimelor NUME. Doar caracterele"
-
-#~ msgid "found in $IFS are recognized as word delimiters. The return code is"
-#~ msgstr "găsite în $IFS sunt recunoscute ca delimitatoare de cuvinte. Codul returnat este"
-
-#~ msgid "zero, unless end-of-file is encountered. If no NAMEs are supplied, the"
-#~ msgstr "zero, cu excepţia cazului în care este întâlnit sfârşit de fişier. Dacă nici un NUME"
-
-#~ msgid "line read is stored in the REPLY variable. If the -r option is given,"
-#~ msgstr "nu este furnizat, linia citită este stocată în variabila RĂSPUNS. Dacă e dată "
-
-#~ msgid "this signifies `raw' input, and backslash escaping is disabled. If"
-#~ msgstr "opţiunea -r, aceasta înseamnă intrare `brută' şi caractere speciale dezactivate."
-
-#~ msgid "the `-p' option is supplied, the string supplied as an argument is"
-#~ msgstr "Dacă este dată opţiunea `-p', şirul furnizat ca argument este"
-
-#~ msgid "output without a trailing newline before attempting to read. If -a is"
-#~ msgstr "trimis la output cu linie nouă înainte de citire. Dacă -a este"
-
-#~ msgid "supplied, the words read are assigned to sequential indices of ARRAY,"
-#~ msgstr "furnizată, cuvintele citite sunt atribuite indicilor secvenţiali de INTERVAL,"
-
-#~ msgid "starting at zero. If -e is supplied and the shell is interactive,"
-#~ msgstr "începând de la zero. Dacă -e este furnizat şi shell-ul este interactiv,"
-
-#~ msgid "readline is used to obtain the line."
-#~ msgstr "se va citi linia pentru obţinerea acesteia."
-
-#~ msgid "Causes a function to exit with the return value specified by N. If N"
-#~ msgstr "Cauzează terminarea unei funcţii cu valoarea specificată de N. Dacă N"
-
-#~ msgid "is omitted, the return status is that of the last command."
-#~ msgstr "este omis, starea returnată va fi aceea a ultimei comenzi."
-
-#~ msgid " -a Mark variables which are modified or created for export."
-#~ msgstr " -a Marchează variabilele de modificat sau create pentru export."
-
-#~ msgid " -b Notify of job termination immediately."
-#~ msgstr " -b Notificare de terminare de job imediată."
-
-#~ msgid " -e Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status."
-#~ msgstr " -e Iese imediat dacă există o comandă cu stare diferită de zero."
-
-#~ msgid " -f Disable file name generation (globbing)."
-#~ msgstr " -f Inhibă generarea de nume de fişiere (globalizare)."
-
-#~ msgid " -h Remember the location of commands as they are looked up."
-#~ msgstr " -h Reţine locaţiile comenzilor pe măsura verificării lor."
-
-#~ msgid " -i Force the shell to be an \"interactive\" one. Interactive shells"
-#~ msgstr " -i Forţează shell-ul să fie unul \"interactiv\". Shell-urile interactive"
-
-#~ msgid " always read `~/.bashrc' on startup."
-#~ msgstr " citesc întotdeauna `~/.bashrc' la rulare."
-
-#~ msgid " -k All assignment arguments are placed in the environment for a"
-#~ msgstr " -k Toţi parametrii atribuirii sunt plasaţi în mediu pentru o"
-
-#~ msgid " command, not just those that precede the command name."
-#~ msgstr " comandă, nu doar cele care preced numele comenzii."
-
-#~ msgid " -m Job control is enabled."
-#~ msgstr " -m Controlul job-urilor este activat."
-
-#~ msgid " -n Read commands but do not execute them."
-#~ msgstr " -n Citeşte comenzile, dar nu le execută."
-
-#~ msgid " -o option-name"
-#~ msgstr " -o nume-opţiune"
-
-#~ msgid " Set the variable corresponding to option-name:"
-#~ msgstr " Setează variabila corespunzătoare numelui opţiunii:"
-
-#~ msgid " allexport same as -a"
-#~ msgstr " allexport la fel ca -a"
-
-#~ msgid " braceexpand same as -B"
-#~ msgstr " braceexpand la fel ca -B"
-
-#~ msgid " emacs use an emacs-style line editing interface"
-#~ msgstr " emacs foloseşte o interfaţă de editare de linii stil emacs"
-
-#~ msgid " errexit same as -e"
-#~ msgstr " errexit la fel ca -e"
-
-#~ msgid " hashall same as -h"
-#~ msgstr " hashall la fel ca -h"
-
-#~ msgid " histexpand same as -H"
-#~ msgstr " histexpand la fel ca -H"
-
-#~ msgid " ignoreeof the shell will not exit upon reading EOF"
-#~ msgstr " ignoreeof shellul nu va ieşi după citirea EOF"
-
-#~ msgid " interactive-comments"
-#~ msgstr " interactive-comments"
-
-#~ msgid " allow comments to appear in interactive commands"
-#~ msgstr " permite comentariilor să apară în comenzi interactive."
-
-#~ msgid " keyword same as -k"
-#~ msgstr " keyword la fel ca -k"
-
-#~ msgid " monitor same as -m"
-#~ msgstr " monitor sla fel ca -m"
-
-#~ msgid " noclobber same as -C"
-#~ msgstr " noclobber la fel ca -C"
-
-#~ msgid " noexec same as -n"
-#~ msgstr " noexec la fel ca -n"
-
-#~ msgid " noglob same as -f"
-#~ msgstr " noglob la fel ca -f"
-
-#~ msgid " notify save as -b"
-#~ msgstr " notify la fel ca -b"
-
-#~ msgid " nounset same as -u"
-#~ msgstr " nounset la fel ca -u"
-
-#~ msgid " onecmd same as -t"
-#~ msgstr " onecmd la fel ca -t"
-
-#~ msgid " physical same as -P"
-#~ msgstr " physical la fel ca -P"
-
-#~ msgid " posix change the behavior of bash where the default"
-#~ msgstr " posix schimbă comportamentul bash în care implicit"
-
-#~ msgid " operation differs from the 1003.2 standard to"
-#~ msgstr " operaţiile diferă de standardul 1003.2 pentru"
-
-#~ msgid " match the standard"
-#~ msgstr " a se potrivi standardului"
-
-#~ msgid " privileged same as -p"
-#~ msgstr " privileged la fel ca -p"
-
-#~ msgid " verbose same as -v"
-#~ msgstr " verbose la fel ca -v"
-
-#~ msgid " vi use a vi-style line editing interface"
-#~ msgstr " vi foloseşte o interfaţă de editare de linii stil vi"
-
-#~ msgid " xtrace same as -x"
-#~ msgstr " xtrace la fel ca -x"
-
-#~ msgid " -p Turned on whenever the real and effective user ids do not match."
-#~ msgstr " -p Activat de fiecare dată când id-urile de user real şi efectiv nu se potrivesc."
-
-#~ msgid " Disables processing of the $ENV file and importing of shell"
-#~ msgstr " Inhibă procesarea fişierului $ENV şi importarea funcţiilor"
-
-#~ msgid " functions. Turning this option off causes the effective uid and"
-#~ msgstr " shell-ului. Dezactivarea acestei opţiuni face ca uid-ul şi gid-ul"
-
-#~ msgid " gid to be set to the real uid and gid."
-#~ msgstr " efectiv să fie setate drept uid-ul şi gid-ul real."
-
-#~ msgid " -t Exit after reading and executing one command."
-#~ msgstr " -t Iese după citirea şi executarea unei comenzi."
-
-#~ msgid " -u Treat unset variables as an error when substituting."
-#~ msgstr " -u Tratează variabilele nesetate drept erori în substituţie."
-
-#~ msgid " -v Print shell input lines as they are read."
-#~ msgstr " -v Tipăreşte liniile de intrare(input) ale shell-ului pe măsură ce sunt citite."
-
-#~ msgid " -x Print commands and their arguments as they are executed."
-#~ msgstr " -x Tipăreşte comenzile şi parametrii acestora pe măsura executării."
-
-#~ msgid " -B the shell will perform brace expansion"
-#~ msgstr " -B shell-ul va executa expansiune de legături(brace)"
-
-#~ msgid " -H Enable ! style history substitution. This flag is on"
-#~ msgstr " -H Activează substituţia istoricului stil ! . Acest marcaj(flag) este activat"
-
-#~ msgid " by default."
-#~ msgstr " în mod implicit."
-
-#~ msgid " -C If set, disallow existing regular files to be overwritten"
-#~ msgstr " -C Dacă este setat, nu va permite suprascrierea fişierelor existente"
-
-#~ msgid " by redirection of output."
-#~ msgstr " prin redirectarea output-ului."
-
-#~ msgid " -P If set, do not follow symbolic links when executing commands"
-#~ msgstr " -P Dacă este setat, nu va urma legăturile simbolice în executarea comenzilor"
-
-#~ msgid " such as cd which change the current directory."
-#~ msgstr " precum cd care schimbă directorul curent."
-
-#~ msgid "Using + rather than - causes these flags to be turned off. The"
-#~ msgstr "Folosind + în locul lui - provoacă dezactivarea acestor marcaje(flags)."
-
-#~ msgid "flags can also be used upon invocation of the shell. The current"
-#~ msgstr " Marcajele pot fi folosite de asemenea pentru invocarea shell-ului. Setul"
-
-#~ msgid "set of flags may be found in $-. The remaining n ARGs are positional"
-#~ msgstr "curent de marcaje(flags) poate fi găsit în $-. ARGumentele n rămase sunt"
-
-#~ msgid "parameters and are assigned, in order, to $1, $2, .. $n. If no"
-#~ msgstr "parametri poziţionali şi sunt atribuiţi, în ordine, lui $1, $2, .. $n. Dacă nu"
-
-#~ msgid "ARGs are given, all shell variables are printed."
-#~ msgstr "este dat nici un ARGument, sunt tipărite toate variabilele shell-ului."
-
-#~ msgid "For each NAME, remove the corresponding variable or function. Given"
-#~ msgstr "Pentru fiecare NUME, şterge variabila sau funcţia corespunzătoare. Dacă se"
-
-#~ msgid "the `-v', unset will only act on variables. Given the `-f' flag,"
-#~ msgstr "dă `-v', desetarea(unset) va acţiona numai pe variabile. Dacă se dă `-f',"
-
-#~ msgid "unset will only act on functions. With neither flag, unset first"
-#~ msgstr "desetarea(unset) va acţiona numai pe funcţii. Fără nici un marcaj(flag), "
-
-#~ msgid "tries to unset a variable, and if that fails, then tries to unset a"
-#~ msgstr "desetarea(unset) va încerca întâi pe variabile, şi dacă eşueazăm va încerca"
-
-#~ msgid "function. Some variables (such as PATH and IFS) cannot be unset; also"
-#~ msgstr "pe o funcţie. Anumite variabile ( precum PATH şi IFS) nu pot fi desetate(unset);"
-
-#~ msgid "see readonly."
-#~ msgstr "de asemenea, vedeţi readonly."
-
-#~ msgid "NAMEs are marked for automatic export to the environment of"
-#~ msgstr "NUMEle sunt marcate pentru exportul automat către mediul"
-
-#~ msgid "subsequently executed commands. If the -f option is given,"
-#~ msgstr "comenzilor executate ulterior. Dacă este dată opţiunea -f,"
-
-#~ msgid "the NAMEs refer to functions. If no NAMEs are given, or if `-p'"
-#~ msgstr "NUMEle se referă la funcţii. Dacă nu este dat nici un NUME, sau este dat `-p'`,"
-
-#~ msgid "is given, a list of all names that are exported in this shell is"
-#~ msgstr "va fi tipărită o listă a tuturor numelor care sunt exportate în acest"
-
-#~ msgid "printed. An argument of `-n' says to remove the export property"
-#~ msgstr "shell. Parametrul `-n' va elimina proprietatea de export "
-
-#~ msgid "from subsequent NAMEs. An argument of `--' disables further option"
-#~ msgstr "din NUMEle ulterioare. Parametrul `--' dezactivează procesarea opţiunilor"
-
-#~ msgid "processing."
-#~ msgstr "viitoare."
-
-#~ msgid "The given NAMEs are marked readonly and the values of these NAMEs may"
-#~ msgstr "NUMEle date sunt marcate readonly şi valorile acestor NUME nu poate"
-
-#~ msgid "not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -f option is given,"
-#~ msgstr "fi schimbat de atribuiri ulterioare. Dacă este dată opţiunea -f,"
-
-#~ msgid "then functions corresponding to the NAMEs are so marked. If no"
-#~ msgstr "atunci funcţiile corespunzătoare NUMElor sunt marcate. Dacă nu"
-
-#~ msgid "arguments are given, or if `-p' is given, a list of all readonly names"
-#~ msgstr "sunt furnizaţidaţ paramet, sau este dat parametrul `-p'` o listă de nume readonlyri "
-
-#~ msgid "is printed. An argument of `-n' says to remove the readonly property"
-#~ msgstr "va fi tipărită. Parametrul `-n' va elimina proprietatea de readonly"
-
-#~ msgid "from subsequent NAMEs. The `-a' option means to treat each NAME as"
-#~ msgstr "pentru NUMEle ulterioare. Opţiunea `-a' reprezintă tratarea fiecărui NUME ca"
-
-#~ msgid "an array variable. An argument of `--' disables further option"
-#~ msgstr "o variabilă interval. Parametrul `--' dezactivează alte opţiuni"
-
-#~ msgid "The positional parameters from $N+1 ... are renamed to $1 ... If N is"
-#~ msgstr "Parametrii poziţionali de la $N+1 ... sunt redenumiţi în $1 ... Dacă N nu este"
-
-#~ msgid "not given, it is assumed to be 1."
-#~ msgstr "furnizat, se presupune că e 1."
-
-#~ msgid "Read and execute commands from FILENAME and return. The pathnames"
-#~ msgstr "Citeşte şi execută comenzi din NUME_FIŞIER şi returnare. Căile"
-
-#~ msgid "in $PATH are used to find the directory containing FILENAME."
-#~ msgstr "din $PATH sunt folosite pentru a găsi directorul care conţine NUME_FIŞIER."
-
-#~ msgid "Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SIGCONT"
-#~ msgstr "Suspendă execuţia acestui shell până se va primi un semnal de SIGCONT."
-
-#~ msgid "signal. The `-f' if specified says not to complain about this"
-#~ msgstr " Dacă este specificat `-f' va elimina avertismentele despre acest "
-
-#~ msgid "being a login shell if it is; just suspend anyway."
-#~ msgstr "login shell; va suspenda oricum."
-
-#~ msgid "Exits with a status of 0 (trueness) or 1 (falseness) depending on"
-#~ msgstr "Iese cu o stare de 0 (adevăr) sau 1 (falsitate) depinzând de"
-
-#~ msgid "the evaluation of EXPR. Expressions may be unary or binary. Unary"
-#~ msgstr "evaluarea EXPR. Expresiile pot fi unare sau binare. Expresiile"
-
-#~ msgid "expressions are often used to examine the status of a file. There"
-#~ msgstr "unare sunt des folosite pentru a examina starea unui fişier. Mai există"
-
-#~ msgid "are string operators as well, and numeric comparison operators."
-#~ msgstr "operatori de şir de asemenea, şi operator de comparare numerică."
-
-#~ msgid "File operators:"
-#~ msgstr "Operatori de fişier:"
-
-#~ msgid " -b FILE True if file is block special."
-#~ msgstr " -b FIŞIER Adevărat dacă fişierul este bloc special."
-
-#~ msgid " -c FILE True if file is character special."
-#~ msgstr " -c FIŞIER Adevărat dacă fişierul este caracter special."
-
-#~ msgid " -d FILE True if file is a directory."
-#~ msgstr " -b FIŞIER Adevărat dacă fişierul este director."
-
-#~ msgid " -e FILE True if file exists."
-#~ msgstr " -e FIŞIER Adevărat dacă fişierul există."
-
-#~ msgid " -f FILE True if file exists and is a regular file."
-#~ msgstr " -b FIŞIER Adevărat dacă fişierul există şi este fişier obişnuit (regular)."
-
-#~ msgid " -g FILE True if file is set-group-id."
-#~ msgstr " -g FIŞIER Adevărat dacă fişierul are setat id-ul de grup."
-
-#~ msgid " -h FILE True if file is a symbolic link. Use \"-L\"."
-#~ msgstr " -h FIŞIER Adevărat dacă fişierul este legătură simbolică. Folosiţi \"-L\"."
-
-#~ msgid " -L FILE True if file is a symbolic link."
-#~ msgstr " -L FIŞIER Adevărat dacă fişierul este legătură simbolică."
-
-#~ msgid " -k FILE True if file has its \"sticky\" bit set."
-#~ msgstr " -k FIŞIER Adevărat dacă fişierul are setat \"sticky\" bit."
-
-#~ msgid " -p FILE True if file is a named pipe."
-#~ msgstr " -p FIŞIER Adevărat dacă fişierul este o legătură(pipe) numită."
-
-#~ msgid " -r FILE True if file is readable by you."
-#~ msgstr " -r FIŞIER Adevărat dacă fişierul poate fi citit de tine."
-
-#~ msgid " -s FILE True if file exists and is not empty."
-#~ msgstr " -s FIŞIER Adevărat dacă fişierul există şi nu este vid."
-
-#~ msgid " -S FILE True if file is a socket."
-#~ msgstr " -S FIŞIER Adevărat dacă fişierul este un socket."
-
-#~ msgid " -t FD True if FD is opened on a terminal."
-#~ msgstr " -t FD Adevărat dacă FD este deschis într-un terminal."
-
-#~ msgid " -u FILE True if the file is set-user-id."
-#~ msgstr " -u FIŞIER Adevărat dacă fişierul are setat user id-ul."
-
-#~ msgid " -w FILE True if the file is writable by you."
-#~ msgstr " -w FIŞIER Adevărat dacă fişierul poate fi scris de tine."
-
-#~ msgid " -x FILE True if the file is executable by you."
-#~ msgstr " -x FIŞIER Adevărat dacă fişierul poate fi executat de către tine."
-
-#~ msgid " -O FILE True if the file is effectively owned by you."
-#~ msgstr " -O FIŞIER Adevărat dacă fişierul este efectiv propriu(owned) ţie."
-
-#~ msgid " -G FILE True if the file is effectively owned by your group."
-#~ msgstr " -O FIŞIER Adevărat dacă fişierul este efectiv propriu(owned) grupului tău."
-
-#~ msgid " FILE1 -nt FILE2 True if file1 is newer than (according to"
-#~ msgstr " FIŞIER1 -nt FIŞIER2 Adevărat dacă fişier1 este mai nou decât (potrivit "
-
-#~ msgid " modification date) file2."
-#~ msgstr " datei modificării) fişier2."
-
-#~ msgid " FILE1 -ot FILE2 True if file1 is older than file2."
-#~ msgstr " FIŞIER1 -ot FIŞIER2 Adevărat dacă fişier1 este mai vechi decât fişier2."
-
-#~ msgid " FILE1 -ef FILE2 True if file1 is a hard link to file2."
-#~ msgstr " FIŞIER1 -ef FIŞIER2 Adevărat dacă fişier1 este hard link către fişier2."
-
-#~ msgid "String operators:"
-#~ msgstr "Operatori de şiruri:"
-
-#~ msgid " -z STRING True if string is empty."
-#~ msgstr " -z ŞIR Adevărat dacă şirul este vid."
-
-#~ msgid " -n STRING"
-#~ msgstr " -n ŞIR"
-
-#~ msgid " STRING True if string is not empty."
-#~ msgstr " ŞIR Adevărat dacă şirul nu este vid."
-
-#~ msgid " STRING1 = STRING2"
-#~ msgstr " ŞIR1 = ŞIR2"
-
-#~ msgid " True if the strings are equal."
-#~ msgstr " Adevărat dacă şirurile sunt egale."
-
-#~ msgid " STRING1 != STRING2"
-#~ msgstr " ŞIR1 != ŞIR2"
-
-#~ msgid " True if the strings are not equal."
-#~ msgstr " Adevărat dacă şirurile nu sunt egale."
-
-#~ msgid " STRING1 < STRING2"
-#~ msgstr " ŞIR1 < ŞIR2"
-
-#~ msgid " True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 lexicographically"
-#~ msgstr " Adevărat dacă ŞIR1 se ordonează lexical înaintea lui ŞIR2"
-
-#~ msgid " STRING1 > STRING2"
-#~ msgstr " ŞIR1 > ŞIR2"
-
-#~ msgid " True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically"
-#~ msgstr " Adevărat dacă ŞIR1 se ordonează lexical după ŞIR2"
-
-#~ msgid "Other operators:"
-#~ msgstr "Alţi operatori:"
-
-#~ msgid " ! EXPR True if expr is false."
-#~ msgstr " ! EXPR Adevărat dacă expr e falsă."
-
-#~ msgid " EXPR1 -a EXPR2 True if both expr1 AND expr2 are true."
-#~ msgstr " EXPR1 -a EXPR2 Adevărat dacă şi expr1 ŞI expr2 sunt adevărate."
-
-#~ msgid " EXPR1 -o EXPR2 True if either expr1 OR expr2 is true."
-#~ msgstr " EXPR1 -a EXPR2 Adevărat dacă una din expr1 sau expr2 e adevărată."
-
-#~ msgid " arg1 OP arg2 Arithmetic tests. OP is one of -eq, -ne,"
-#~ msgstr " arg1 OP arg2 Teste aritmetice. OP este unul din -eq, -ne,"
-
-#~ msgid " -lt, -le, -gt, or -ge."
-#~ msgstr " -lt, -le, -gt, or -ge."
-
-#~ msgid "Arithmetic binary operators return true if ARG1 is equal, not-equal,"
-#~ msgstr "Operatorii aritmetici binari returnează adevărat(true) dacă ARG1 "
-
-#~ msgid "less-than, less-than-or-equal, greater-than, or greater-than-or-equal"
-#~ msgstr "este egal cu, nu este egal cu,mai mic, mai mic sau egal, mai mare, mai mare sau egal"
-
-#~ msgid "than ARG2."
-#~ msgstr "decât ARG2."
-
-#~ msgid "This is a synonym for the \"test\" builtin, but the last"
-#~ msgstr "Acesta este un sinonim pentru comanda internă \"test\", dar ultimul"
-
-#~ msgid "argument must be a literal `]', to match the opening `['."
-#~ msgstr "argument trebuie să fie un `]' literal, pentru a închide un `['."
-
-#~ msgid "Print the accumulated user and system times for processes run from"
-#~ msgstr "Afişează timpurile acumulate de user şi sistem pentru procesele rulate din"
-
-#~ msgid "the shell."
-#~ msgstr "shell."
-
-#~ msgid "The command ARG is to be read and executed when the shell receives"
-#~ msgstr "ARGumentele comenzii vor fi citite şi executate când shell-ul primeşte"
-
-#~ msgid "signal(s) SIGNAL_SPEC. If ARG is absent all specified signals are"
-#~ msgstr "semnal(e). SIGNAL_SPEC. Dacă ARGumentul este absent toate semnalele"
-
-#~ msgid "reset to their original values. If ARG is the null string each"
-#~ msgstr "specifice sunt resetate la valorile lor originale. Dacă ARGumentul este un şir vid"
-
-#~ msgid "SIGNAL_SPEC is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes."
-#~ msgstr "fiecare SIGNAL_SPEC este ignorat de shell şi de comanda invocată de acesta."
-
-#~ msgid "If SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) the command ARG is executed on exit from"
-#~ msgstr "Dacă SIGNAL_SPEC este EXIT (0) ARGumentele comenzii sunt executate la "
-
-#~ msgid "the shell. If SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed after every"
-#~ msgstr "ieşirea din shell. Dacă SIGNAL_SPEC este DEBUG, ARGument este executat"
-
-#~ msgid "command. If ARG is `-p' then the trap commands associated with"
-#~ msgstr "după fiecare comandă. Dacă ARGument este `-' atunci vor fi afişate comenzile"
-
-#~ msgid "each SIGNAL_SPEC are displayed. If no arguments are supplied or if"
-#~ msgstr "trap asociate cu fiecare SIGNAL_SPEC. Dacă nu sunt furnizaţi "
-
-#~ msgid "only `-p' is given, trap prints the list of commands associated with"
-#~ msgstr "parametri sau este dat doar `-p', trap afişează lista de comenzi asociate cu "
-
-#~ msgid "each signal number. SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h>"
-#~ msgstr "fiecare număr de semnal. SIGNAL_SPEC este ori un nume de semnal din <signal.h>"
-
-#~ msgid "or a signal number. `trap -l' prints a list of signal names and their"
-#~ msgstr "sau un număr de semnal. `trap -l' tipăreşte o listă de numere de semnale şi "
-
-#~ msgid "corresponding numbers. Note that a signal can be sent to the shell"
-#~ msgstr "numerele corespunzătoare. Notaţi că un semnal poate fi trimis shell-ului"
-
-#~ msgid "with \"kill -signal $$\"."
-#~ msgstr "cu \"kill -signal $$\"."
-
-#~ msgid "For each NAME, indicate how it would be interpreted if used as a"
-#~ msgstr "Pentru fiecare NUME, indică în ce mod va fi interpretat dacă este utilizat ca"
-
-#~ msgid "If the -t option is used, returns a single word which is one of"
-#~ msgstr "Dacă este folosită opţiunea -t, returnează un singur cuvânt care este unul din"
-
-#~ msgid "`alias', `keyword', `function', `builtin', `file' or `', if NAME is an"
-#~ msgstr "`alias', `keyword', `function', `builtin', `file' or `', dacă NUME este un"
-
-#~ msgid "alias, shell reserved word, shell function, shell builtin, disk file,"
-#~ msgstr "alias, cuvânt rezervat de shell, funcţie de shell, comandă internă, fişier de pe disk,"
-
-#~ msgid "or unfound, respectively."
-#~ msgstr "sau negăsit, respectiv."
-
-#~ msgid "If the -p flag is used, either returns the name of the disk file"
-#~ msgstr "Dacă este utilizat marcajul(flag) -p se returnează fie numele fişierului de disk"
-
-#~ msgid "that would be executed, or nothing if -t would not return `file'."
-#~ msgstr "care urmează să fie executat, sau nimic dacă -t nu va returna `fişier'."
-
-#~ msgid "If the -a flag is used, displays all of the places that contain an"
-#~ msgstr "Dacă este folosit -a, se vor afişa toate locurile care conţin"
-
-#~ msgid "executable named `file'. This includes aliases and functions, if and"
-#~ msgstr "un executabil numit `fişier'. Aceasta include aliasuri şi funcţii, şi numai"
-
-#~ msgid "only if the -p flag is not also used."
-#~ msgstr "marcajul(flag) -p nu este folosit de asemenea."
-
-#~ msgid "Type accepts -all, -path, and -type in place of -a, -p, and -t,"
-#~ msgstr "Type acceptă -all, -path şi -type în loc de -a, -p şi -t,"
-
-#~ msgid "respectively."
-#~ msgstr "respectiv"
-
-#~ msgid "Ulimit provides control over the resources available to processes"
-#~ msgstr "Ulimit oferă control al resurselor disponibile pentru procesele"
-
-#~ msgid "started by the shell, on systems that allow such control. If an"
-#~ msgstr "rulate de shell, în sisteme care permit acest tip de control. Dacă este"
-
-#~ msgid "option is given, it is interpreted as follows:"
-#~ msgstr "dată o opţiune, este interpretată precum urmează:"
-
-#~ msgid " -S\tuse the `soft' resource limit"
-#~ msgstr " -S\tfoloseşte limita `soft' a resursei"
-
-#~ msgid " -H\tuse the `hard' resource limit"
-#~ msgstr " -H\tfoloseşte limita `hard' a resursei"
-
-#~ msgid " -a\tall current limits are reported"
-#~ msgstr " -a\tsunt raportate toate limitele curente"
-
-#~ msgid " -c\tthe maximum size of core files created"
-#~ msgstr " -c\tmărimea maximă de fişiere core creată"
-
-#~ msgid " -d\tthe maximum size of a process's data segment"
-#~ msgstr " -d\ttmărimea maximă a unui segment de date al procesului"
-
-#~ msgid " -m\tthe maximum resident set size"
-#~ msgstr " -m\tmărimea maximă de rezidenţă"
-
-#~ msgid " -s\tthe maximum stack size"
-#~ msgstr " -s\tmărimea maximă a stivei(stack)"
-
-#~ msgid " -t\tthe maximum amount of cpu time in seconds"
-#~ msgstr " -t\tsuma maximă a timpului cpu în secunde"
-
-#~ msgid " -f\tthe maximum size of files created by the shell"
-#~ msgstr " -f\ttmărimea maximă a fişierelor create de shell"
-
-#~ msgid " -p\tthe pipe buffer size"
-#~ msgstr " -p\tmărimea tamponului de legătură (pipe buffer)"
-
-#~ msgid " -n\tthe maximum number of open file descriptors"
-#~ msgstr " -n\tnumărul maxim de fişiere deschise"
-
-#~ msgid " -u\tthe maximum number of user processes"
-#~ msgstr " -u\tnumărul maxim de procese utilizator"
-
-#~ msgid " -v\tthe size of virtual memory"
-#~ msgstr " -v\tmărimea memoriei virtuale"
-
-#~ msgid "If LIMIT is given, it is the new value of the specified resource."
-#~ msgstr "Dacă este dată LIMITĂ, va fi noua valoare a resursei specificate."
-
-#~ msgid "Otherwise, the current value of the specified resource is printed."
-#~ msgstr "În caz contrar, este tipărită valoarea curentă a resursei specificate."
-
-#~ msgid "If no option is given, then -f is assumed. Values are in 1k"
-#~ msgstr "Dacă nu este dată nici o opţiune se presupune -f. Valorile sunt exprimate"
-
-#~ msgid "increments, except for -t, which is in seconds, -p, which is in"
-#~ msgstr "în incrementări de 1k, exceptând -t, care este în secunde, -p, care este în"
-
-#~ msgid "increments of 512 bytes, and -u, which is an unscaled number of"
-#~ msgstr "incrementări de 512 octeţi, şi -u, care este un număr nescalat de"
-
-#~ msgid "processes."
-#~ msgstr "procese."
-
-#~ msgid "The user file-creation mask is set to MODE. If MODE is omitted, or if"
-#~ msgstr "Masca de crearecreation mask) a fişierului utilizatorului e setată la MOD. Dacă"
-
-#~ msgid "`-S' is supplied, the current value of the mask is printed. The `-S'"
-#~ msgstr "MOD este omis sau este dat `-S', este tipărită valoarea curentă a măştii. Opţiunea"
-
-#~ msgid "option makes the output symbolic; otherwise an octal number is output."
-#~ msgstr "`-S' returnează output simbolic; în caz contrar outputul este un număr octal."
-
-#~ msgid "If MODE begins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number,"
-#~ msgstr "Dacă MOD începe cu un digit, este interpretat ca număr octal,"
-
-#~ msgid "otherwise it is a symbolic mode string like that accepted by chmod(1)."
-#~ msgstr "în caz contrar este un şir mod simbolic premis de chmod(1)."
-
-#~ msgid "Wait for the specified process and report its termination status. If"
-#~ msgstr "Aşteaptă după procesul specificat şi raportează starea de terminare. Dacă"
-
-#~ msgid "N is not given, all currently active child processes are waited for,"
-#~ msgstr "N nu este dat,se aşteaptă după toate procesele copil(child) curente,"
-
-#~ msgid "and the return code is zero. N may be a process ID or a job"
-#~ msgstr "şi codul returnat este zero. N poate fi un ID de proces sau o specificaţie"
-
-#~ msgid "specification; if a job spec is given, all processes in the job's"
-#~ msgstr "de job; Dacă este dată o specificaţie de job,se aşteaptă după"
-
-#~ msgid "pipeline are waited for."
-#~ msgstr " toate procesele din legătură(pipeline)."
-
-#~ msgid "and the return code is zero. N is a process ID; if it is not given,"
-#~ msgstr "şi codul returnat este zero. N este un ID de proces; dacă nu este dat,"
-
-#~ msgid "all child processes of the shell are waited for."
-#~ msgstr "se va aştepta după doate procesele copil(child) din shell."
-
-#~ msgid "The `for' loop executes a sequence of commands for each member in a"
-#~ msgstr "Ciclul `for' execută o secvenţă de comenzi pentru fiecare membru dintr-o"
-
-#~ msgid "list of items. If `in WORDS ...;' is not present, then `in \"$@\"' is"
-#~ msgstr "listă de elemente. Dacă `in CUVINTE...;' nu este prezent, atunci `in \"$@\"'"
-
-#~ msgid "assumed. For each element in WORDS, NAME is set to that element, and"
-#~ msgstr "este presupus. Pentru fiecare element din CUVINTE, NUME este setat ca acel"
-
-#~ msgid "the COMMANDS are executed."
-#~ msgstr "element şi COMENZI sunt executate."
-
-#~ msgid "The WORDS are expanded, generating a list of words. The"
-#~ msgstr "CUVINTEle sunt expandate, generând o listă de cuvinte. Setul de"
-
-#~ msgid "set of expanded words is printed on the standard error, each"
-#~ msgstr "de cuvinte expandate este tipărit la dispozitivul de eroare standard, fiecare"
-
-#~ msgid "preceded by a number. If `in WORDS' is not present, `in \"$@\"'"
-#~ msgstr "fiind precedat de un număr. Dacă `in CUVINTE' nu este prezent, `in \"$@\"'"
-
-#~ msgid "is assumed. The PS3 prompt is then displayed and a line read"
-#~ msgstr "este presupus. Promptul PS3 este apoi afişat şi o linie va fi citită de"
-
-#~ msgid "from the standard input. If the line consists of the number"
-#~ msgstr "la intrare(input) standard. Dacă linia e alcătuită dintr-unul din numerele"
-
-#~ msgid "corresponding to one of the displayed words, then NAME is set"
-#~ msgstr "corespunzătoare unuia din cuvintele afişate, atunci NUME este setat"
-
-#~ msgid "to that word. If the line is empty, WORDS and the prompt are"
-#~ msgstr "drept cuvântul respectiv. Dacă linia este vidă, CUVINTEle şi promptul sunt"
-
-#~ msgid "redisplayed. If EOF is read, the command completes. Any other"
-#~ msgstr "reafişate. Dacă se citeşte EOF, comanda ajunge la sfârşit. Orice altă"
-
-#~ msgid "value read causes NAME to be set to null. The line read is saved"
-#~ msgstr "valoare citită va face ca NUMEle setat să fie setat null. Linia citită este salvată"
-
-#~ msgid "in the variable REPLY. COMMANDS are executed after each selection"
-#~ msgstr "în variabila RĂSPUNS. COMENZIle sunt executate după fiecare selecţie"
-
-#~ msgid "until a break or return command is executed."
-#~ msgstr "până când se execută o comandă break sau return."
-
-#~ msgid "Selectively execute COMMANDS based upon WORD matching PATTERN. The"
-#~ msgstr "Execută selectiv COMENZI bazându-se pe potrivirea CUVÂNTului în TIPAR."
-
-#~ msgid "`|' is used to separate multiple patterns."
-#~ msgstr " `|' este folosit pentru a separa mai multe tipare."
-
-#~ msgid "The if COMMANDS are executed. If the exit status is zero, then the then"
-#~ msgstr "COMENZIle if sunt executate. Dacă starea de ieşire este zero, atunc"
-
-#~ msgid "COMMANDS are executed. Otherwise, each of the elif COMMANDS are executed"
-#~ msgstr "COMENZIle then sunt executate. În caz contrar, fiecare din COMENZIle elif sunt executate"
-
-#~ msgid "in turn, and if the exit status is zero, the corresponding then COMMANDS"
-#~ msgstr "pe rând, şi dacă starea de ieşire este zero, atunci COMENZIle then corespunzătoare"
-
-#~ msgid "are executed and the if command completes. Otherwise, the else COMMANDS"
-#~ msgstr "sunt executate şi comanda if se termină. În caz contrar, COMENZIle else"
-
-#~ msgid "are executed, if present. The exit status is the exit status of the last"
-#~ msgstr "sunt executate, în cazul în care sunt prezente. Starea de ieşire este starea de ieşire"
-
-#~ msgid "command executed, or zero if no condition tested true."
-#~ msgstr "a ultimei comenzi executate, sau zero dacă nici o condiţie nu s-a dovedit adevărată."
-
-#~ msgid "Expand and execute COMMANDS as long as the final command in the"
-#~ msgstr "Expandează şi execută COMENZI atâta timp cât comanda finală din"
-
-#~ msgid "`while' COMMANDS has an exit status of zero."
-#~ msgstr "COMENZIle `while' au o stare de ieşire de zero."
-
-#~ msgid "`until' COMMANDS has an exit status which is not zero."
-#~ msgstr "COMENZIle `until' au o stare de ieşire diferită de zero."
-
-#~ msgid "Create a simple command invoked by NAME which runs COMMANDS."
-#~ msgstr "Crează o comandă simplă invocată de NUME care rulează COMENZI."
-
-#~ msgid "Arguments on the command line along with NAME are passed to the"
-#~ msgstr "Parametrii din linia de comandă împreună cu NUMEle sunt pasaţi"
-
-#~ msgid "function as $0 .. $n."
-#~ msgstr "funcţiei drept $0 .. $n."
-
-#~ msgid "Run a set of commands in a group. This is one way to redirect an"
-#~ msgstr "Rulează un set de comenzi dintr-un grup. Aceasta este o cale de a redirecta un"
-
-#~ msgid "entire set of commands."
-#~ msgstr "întreg set de comenzi."
-
-#~ msgid "This is similar to the `fg' command. Resume a stopped or background"
-#~ msgstr "Aceasta este similară comenzii `fg'. Continuă(resume) un job stopat sau din"
-
-#~ msgid "job. If you specifiy DIGITS, then that job is used. If you specify"
-#~ msgstr "fundal(background). Dacă se specifică DIGIŢI, atunci este folosit acel job. Dacă"
-
-#~ msgid "WORD, then the job whose name begins with WORD is used. Following the"
-#~ msgstr "se specifică CUVÂNT, atunci e folosit jobul al cărui nume începe cu CUVÂNT."
-
-#~ msgid "job specification with a `&' places the job in the background."
-#~ msgstr "Specificând jobului un `&' după, va plasa jobul în fundal(background)."
-
-#~ msgid "BASH_VERSION The version numbers of this Bash."
-#~ msgstr "BASH_VERSION Numărul de versiune a acestui Bash."
-
-#~ msgid "CDPATH A colon separated list of directories to search"
-#~ msgstr "CDPATH O listă de directoare separată prin două-puncte pentru a se"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\twhen the argument to `cd' is not found in the current"
-#~ msgstr "\t\tcăuta atunci când parametrii specificaţi comenzii `cd' nu sunt găsiţi în"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tdirectory."
-#~ msgstr "\t\tdirectorul curent."
-
-#~ msgid "HISTFILE The name of the file where your command history is stored."
-#~ msgstr "HISTFILE Numele fişierului unde istoricul comenzilor voastre este stocat."
-
-#~ msgid "HISTFILESIZE The maximum number of lines this file can contain."
-#~ msgstr "HISTFILESIZE Numărul maxim de linii pe care acest fişier poate să le conţină."
-
-#~ msgid "HISTSIZE The maximum number of history lines that a running"
-#~ msgstr "HISTSIZE Numărul maxim de linii de istoric care pot fi accesate"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tshell can access."
-#~ msgstr "\t\tde un shell activ."
-
-#~ msgid "HOME The complete pathname to your login directory."
-#~ msgstr "HOME Calea completă către directorul vostru de login."
-
-#~ msgid "HOSTTYPE The type of CPU this version of Bash is running under."
-#~ msgstr "HOSTTYPE Tipul de CPU pe care rulează această versiune de Bash."
-
-#~ msgid "IGNOREEOF Controls the action of the shell on receipt of an EOF"
-#~ msgstr "IGNOREEOF Controlează acţiunea shell-ului la întâlnirea unui caracter"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tcharacter as the sole input. If set, then the value"
-#~ msgstr "\t\tEOF ca singură intrare(input). Dacă este setat, atunci valoarea"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tof it is the number of EOF characters that can be seen"
-#~ msgstr "\t\tacestuia este numărul de caractere EOF care pot fi întâlnite"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tin a row on an empty line before the shell will exit"
-#~ msgstr "\t\tpe rând într-o linie vidă înainte de ieşirea shell-ului."
-
-#~ msgid "\t\t(default 10). When unset, EOF signifies the end of input."
-#~ msgstr "\t\t(implicit 10). Când este desetat(unset), EOF semnifică sfârşitul intrării(input)."
-
-#~ msgid "MAILCHECK\tHow often, in seconds, Bash checks for new mail."
-#~ msgstr "MAILCHECK\tCât de des, în secunde, Bash-ul să verifice dacă există mail nou."
-
-#~ msgid "MAILPATH\tA colon-separated list of filenames which Bash checks"
-#~ msgstr "MAILPATH\tO listă de fişiere separate prin două-puncte pe care Bash o verifică"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tfor new mail."
-#~ msgstr "\t\tpentru mail nou."
-
-#~ msgid "OSTYPE\t\tThe version of Unix this version of Bash is running on."
-#~ msgstr "OSTYPE\t\tVersiunea de Unix pe care această versiune de Bash rulează."
-
-#~ msgid "PATH A colon-separated list of directories to search when"
-#~ msgstr "PATH O listă de directoare separată prin două-puncte care se va"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tlooking for commands."
-#~ msgstr "\t\tindexa în căutarea comenzilor."
-
-#~ msgid "PROMPT_COMMAND A command to be executed before the printing of each"
-#~ msgstr "PROMPT_COMMAND O comandă care va fi executată înainte de tipărirea fiecărui"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tprimary prompt."
-#~ msgstr "\t\tprompt primar."
-
-#~ msgid "PS1 The primary prompt string."
-#~ msgstr "PS1 Şirul promptului primar."
-
-#~ msgid "PS2 The secondary prompt string."
-#~ msgstr "PS2 Şirul promptului secundar."
-
-#~ msgid "TERM The name of the current terminal type."
-#~ msgstr "TERM Numele tipului de terminal curent."
-
-#~ msgid "auto_resume Non-null means a command word appearing on a line by"
-#~ msgstr "auto_resume Dacă nu e vid rezultă că un cuvânt comandă ce apare pe o linie"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\titself is first looked for in the list of currently"
-#~ msgstr "\t\tsingur este prima dată căutat în lista "
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tstopped jobs. If found there, that job is foregrounded."
-#~ msgstr "\t\tjoburilor.curente stopate. Dacă este găsit acolo, acel job este adus în prim-plan(foreground)."
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tA value of `exact' means that the command word must"
-#~ msgstr "\t\tO valoare de `exact' înseamnă că acel cuvânt comandă trebuie"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\texactly match a command in the list of stopped jobs. A"
-#~ msgstr "\t\tsă se potrivească perfect unei comenzi din lista de joburi stopate. O"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tvalue of `substring' means that the command word must"
-#~ msgstr "\t\tvaloare de `substring' înseamnă că acel cuvânt comandă trebuie"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tmatch a substring of the job. Any other value means that"
-#~ msgstr "\t\tsă se potrivească unui subşir al jobului. Orice altă valoare înseamnă că"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tthe command must be a prefix of a stopped job."
-#~ msgstr "\t\tacea comandă trebuie să fie prefixul unui job stopat."
-
-#~ msgid "command_oriented_history"
-#~ msgstr "command_oriented_history"
-
-#~ msgid " Non-null means to save multiple-line commands together on"
-#~ msgstr " Nevid reprezintă salvarea mai multor linii de comandă împreună într-o"
-
-#~ msgid " a single history line."
-#~ msgstr " singură linie de istoric."
-
-#~ msgid "histchars Characters controlling history expansion and quick"
-#~ msgstr "histchars Caractere care controlează expansiunea istoricului şi"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tsubstitution. The first character is the history"
-#~ msgstr "\t\tsubstituţii rapide. Primul caracter este caracterul de substituţie al"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tsubstitution character, usually `!'. The second is"
-#~ msgstr "\t\tistoricului, de obicei `!'. Al doilea este"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tthe `quick substitution' character, usually `^'. The"
-#~ msgstr "\t\tcaracterul de `quick substitution', de obicei `^'. Al treilea"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tthird is the `history comment' character, usually `#'."
-#~ msgstr "\t\teste caracterul de `history comment', de obicei `#'."
-
-#~ msgid "HISTCONTROL\tSet to a value of `ignorespace', it means don't enter"
-#~ msgstr "HISTCONTROL\tSetează o valoare de `ignorespace', care înseamnă să nu"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tlines which begin with a space or tab on the history"
-#~ msgstr "\t\tintroduci în lista de istoric linii care încep cu un"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tlist. Set to a value of `ignoredups', it means don't"
-#~ msgstr "\t\tspaţiu sau un tab. Setează o valoare de `ignoredups', care înseamnă"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tenter lines which match the last entered line. Set to"
-#~ msgstr "\t\ta nu se introduce linii care sunt asemănătoare ultimei linii introduse."
-
-#~ msgid "\t\t`ignoreboth' means to combine the two options. Unset,"
-#~ msgstr "\t\tSetează o valaore de `ignoreboth' însemnând combinarea celor două opţiuni."
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tor set to any other value than those above means to save"
-#~ msgstr "\t\t Desetat(unset) sau setat la orice altă valoare decât acelea de mai sus"
-
-#~ msgid "\t\tall lines on the history list."
-#~ msgstr "\t\taînseamnă salvarea tuturor liniilor în lista istoricului."
-
-#~ msgid "Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates"
-#~ msgstr "Adaugă un director în partea superioară a stivei de directoare, sau roteşte"
-
-#~ msgid "the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working"
-#~ msgstr "stiva, făcând noul element superior al listei directorul curent"
-
-#~ msgid "directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories."
-#~ msgstr "de lucru. Fără parametri, interchimbă cele două directoare superioare."
-
-#~ msgid "+N\tRotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting"
-#~ msgstr "+N\tRoteşte stiva astfel încât al N-ulea director (numărând"
-
-#~ msgid "\tfrom the left of the list shown by `dirs') is at the top."
-#~ msgstr "\tde la stânga listei afişată de `dirs') va fi în vârf(top)."
-
-#~ msgid "-N\tRotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting"
-#~ msgstr "-N\tRoteşte stiva astfel încât al N-ulea director (numărând"
-
-#~ msgid "\tfrom the right) is at the top."
-#~ msgstr "\tde la dreapta) va fi în vârf."
-
-#~ msgid "-n\tsuppress the normal change of directory when adding directories"
-#~ msgstr "-n\tinhibă schimbarea normală de directoare la adăugarea directoarelor"
-
-#~ msgid "\tto the stack, so only the stack is manipulated."
-#~ msgstr "\tîn stivă, astfel încât doar stiva să fie manipulată."
-
-#~ msgid "dir\tadds DIR to the directory stack at the top, making it the"
-#~ msgstr "dir\tadaugă DIR în vârful stivei de directoare, făcându-l"
-
-#~ msgid "You can see the directory stack with the `dirs' command."
-#~ msgstr "Puteţi vedea stiva de directoare cu ajutorul comenzii `dirs'."
-
-#~ msgid "Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,"
-#~ msgstr "Şterge intrările din stiva de directoare. Fără parametri, "
-
-#~ msgid "removes the top directory from the stack, and cd's to the new"
-#~ msgstr "şterge directorul superior din stivă, şi face cd la noul"
-
-#~ msgid "+N\tremoves the Nth entry counting from the left of the list"
-#~ msgstr "+N\tşterge al N-ulea element numărând din stânga listei"
-
-#~ msgid "\tshown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd +0'"
-#~ msgstr "\tafişate de `dirs', începând cu zero. De exemplu: `popd +0'"
-
-#~ msgid "\tremoves the first directory, `popd +1' the second."
-#~ msgstr "\tşterge primul director, `popd +1' al doilea."
-
-#~ msgid "-N\tremoves the Nth entry counting from the right of the list"
-#~ msgstr "-N\tşterge al N-ulea element numărând din dreapta listei"
-
-#~ msgid "\tshown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd -0'"
-#~ msgstr "\tafişate de `dirs', începând cu zero. De exemplu: `popd -0'"
-
-#~ msgid "\tremoves the last directory, `popd -1' the next to last."
-#~ msgstr "\tşterge ultimul director, `popd -1' penultimul."
-
-#~ msgid "-n\tsuppress the normal change of directory when removing directories"
-#~ msgstr "-n\tinhibă schimbarea normală de directoare când se şterg diurectoare"
-
-#~ msgid "\tfrom the stack, so only the stack is manipulated."
-#~ msgstr "\tdin stivă, astfel încât numai stiva să fie manipulată."
-
-#~ msgid "Display the list of currently remembered directories. Directories"
-#~ msgstr "Afişează lista curentă de directoare reţinute. Directoarele"
-
-#~ msgid "find their way onto the list with the `pushd' command; you can get"
-#~ msgstr "îşi gasesc locul în listă cu ajutorul comenzii `pushd'; puteţi merge"
-
-#~ msgid "back up through the list with the `popd' command."
-#~ msgstr "prin listă cu ajutorul comenzii `popd'."
-
-#~ msgid "The -l flag specifies that `dirs' should not print shorthand versions"
-#~ msgstr "Parametrul(flag) -l specifică faptul că `dirs' nu ar trebui să tipărească "
-
-#~ msgid "of directories which are relative to your home directory. This means"
-#~ msgstr "versiuni prescurtate ale directoarelor care au legătură(relative) cu home-directory-ul."
-
-#~ msgid "that `~/bin' might be displayed as `/homes/bfox/bin'. The -v flag"
-#~ msgstr " Aceasta înseamnă că `~/bin' poate fi afişat ca `/homes/bfox/bin' Parametrul"
-
-#~ msgid "causes `dirs' to print the directory stack with one entry per line,"
-#~ msgstr "-v face ca `dirs' să afişeze stiva de directoare doar câte o intrare pe linie,"
-
-#~ msgid "prepending the directory name with its position in the stack. The -p"
-#~ msgstr "prefixând numele directorului cu poziţia în stivă. Parametrul -p"
-
-#~ msgid "flag does the same thing, but the stack position is not prepended."
-#~ msgstr "face acelaşi lucru, dar poziţia în stivă nu este prefix."
-
-#~ msgid "The -c flag clears the directory stack by deleting all of the elements."
-#~ msgstr "Parametrul(flag) -c şterge stiva de directoare prin ştergerea tuturor elementelor."
-
-#~ msgid "+N\tdisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by"
-#~ msgstr "+N\tafişează a N-a intrare numărând de la stânga listei afişate de"
-
-#~ msgid "\tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero."
-#~ msgstr "\tdirs atunci când e invocată fără opţiuni, începând cu zero."
-
-#~ msgid "-N\tdisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by"
-#~ msgstr "-N\tafişează a N-a intrare numărând de la dreapta listei afişate de"
-
-#~ msgid "Toggle the values of variables controlling optional behavior."
-#~ msgstr "Schimbă(toggle) valorile variabilelor, controlând comportamentul opţional."
-
-#~ msgid "The -s flag means to enable (set) each OPTNAME; the -u flag"
-#~ msgstr "Parametrul -s înseamnă activarea(setarea) fiecărei NUME_OPT; parametrul -u"
-
-#~ msgid "unsets each OPTNAME. The -q flag suppresses output; the exit"
-#~ msgstr "desetează(unset) fiecare NUME_OPT. Parametrul -q inhibă output-ul;"
-
-#~ msgid "status indicates whether each OPTNAME is set or unset. The -o"
-#~ msgstr "starea de ieşire indică dacă fiecare NUME_OPT este setat sau desetat."
-
-#~ msgid "option restricts the OPTNAMEs to those defined for use with"
-#~ msgstr " Parametrul -o restricţionează NUME_OPT la acelea definite pentru a fi "
-
-#~ msgid "`set -o'. With no options, or with the -p option, a list of all"
-#~ msgstr "folosite cu `set -o'. Fără nici o opţiune, sau cu opţiunea -p, este afişată"
-
-#~ msgid "settable options is displayed, with an indication of whether or"
-#~ msgstr "o listă a tuturor opţiunilor setabile, ceea ce indică dacă fiecare este"
-
-#~ msgid "not each is set."
-#~ msgstr "setată sau nu."
+"Citește linii dintr-un fișier într-o variabilă de tip matrice.\n"
+" \n"
+" Un sinonim pentru «mapfile»."
#
# Nilgün Belma Bugüner <nilgun@buguner.name.tr>, 2006.
# Volkan Gezer <vlkngzr@gmail.com>, 2013, 2014, 2017.
+# Emir SARI <emir_sari@icloud.com>, 2022
+#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
-"Project-Id-Version: bash 4.4\n"
+"Project-Id-Version: bash-5.1\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-11-28 12:51-0500\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-05-05 11:49+0100\n"
-"Last-Translator: Volkan Gezer <volkangezer@gmail.com>\n"
-"Language-Team: Turkish <gnu-tr-u12a@lists.sourceforge.net>\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2022-04-11 23:00+0300\n"
+"Last-Translator: Emir SARI <emir_sari@icloud.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Turkish <gnome-turk@gnome.org>\n"
"Language: tr\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
#: arrayfunc.c:66
msgid "bad array subscript"
-msgstr "hatalı dizi indisi"
+msgstr "hatalı dizilim indisi"
#: arrayfunc.c:421 builtins/declare.def:638 variables.c:2274 variables.c:2300
#: variables.c:3133
#, c-format
msgid "%s: removing nameref attribute"
-msgstr "%s: removing nameref niteliği kaldırılıyor"
+msgstr "%s: nameref özniteliği kaldırılıyor"
#: arrayfunc.c:446 builtins/declare.def:851
#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot convert indexed to associative array"
-msgstr "%s: indisli dizi, ilişkisel diziye dönüştürülemez"
+msgstr "%s: indisli dizilim, ilişkisel dizilime dönüştürülemez"
#: arrayfunc.c:700
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid associative array key"
-msgstr "%s: geçersiz ilişkisel dizi anahtarı"
+msgstr "%s: geçersiz ilişkisel dizilim anahtarı"
#: arrayfunc.c:702
#, c-format
#: arrayfunc.c:747
#, c-format
msgid "%s: %s: must use subscript when assigning associative array"
-msgstr "%s: %s: ilişkisel bir dizi ataması yapılırken indis kullanılmalıdır"
+msgstr "%s: %s: ilişkisel bir dizilim ataması yapılırken indis kullanılmalıdır"
#: bashhist.c:452
#, c-format
#: bashline.c:4519
#, c-format
msgid "%s: missing colon separator"
-msgstr "%s: ikinokta imi eksik"
+msgstr "%s: iki nokta imi eksik"
#: bashline.c:4555
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#, c-format
msgid "`%s': cannot unbind in command keymap"
-msgstr "`%s': kısayol değiştirilemiyor"
+msgstr "`%s': komut düğme eşleminde bağıntı kaldırılamıyor"
#: braces.c:327
#, c-format
msgstr "destek genişletme: %s için bellek ayrılamıyor"
#: braces.c:406
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#, c-format
msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for %u elements"
-msgstr "destek genişletme: %d öge için bellek ayrılamıyor"
+msgstr "destek genişletme: %u öge için bellek ayrılamıyor"
#: braces.c:451
#, c-format
#: builtins/alias.def:131 variables.c:1844
#, c-format
msgid "`%s': invalid alias name"
-msgstr "`%s': geçersiz takma isim"
+msgstr "`%s': geçersiz takma ad"
#: builtins/bind.def:122 builtins/bind.def:125
msgid "line editing not enabled"
#: builtins/bind.def:212
#, c-format
msgid "`%s': invalid keymap name"
-msgstr "`%s': kısayol ismi geçersiz"
+msgstr "`%s': düğme eşlem adı geçersiz"
#: builtins/bind.def:252
#, c-format
#: builtins/bind.def:328 builtins/bind.def:358
#, c-format
msgid "`%s': unknown function name"
-msgstr "`%s': işlev ismi bilinmiyor"
+msgstr "`%s': işlev adı bilinmiyor"
#: builtins/bind.def:336
#, c-format
#: builtins/break.def:139
msgid "only meaningful in a `for', `while', or `until' loop"
-msgstr "sadece bir `for', `while' veya `until' döngüsünde anlamlı"
+msgstr "yalnızca bir `for', `while' veya `until' döngüsünde anlamlı"
#: builtins/caller.def:136
-#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Returns the context of the current subroutine call.\n"
" \n"
" The value of EXPR indicates how many call frames to go back before the\n"
" current one; the top frame is frame 0."
msgstr ""
-"Geçerli alt yordam çağrısının bağlamını döndürür.\n"
+"Geçerli altrutin çağrısının bağlamını döndürür.\n"
" \n"
-" İFADE olmadan, \"$satır $dosyaadı\" döndürür. İFADE ile "
-"kullanıldığında\n"
-" \"$satır $altyordam $dosyaadı\" döndürür; bu ek bilgi bir yığın izi "
-"sağlamak\n"
-" için kullanılabilir.\n"
+" İFADE olmadan, \"$satır $dosyaadı\" döndürür. İFADE ile \"$satır\n"
+" $altrutin $dosyaadı\" döndürür; bu ek bilgi bir yığın izlemesi sağlamak\n"
+" için kullanılabilir.\n"
" \n"
-" İFADE değeri, geçerli çerçeveden önce kaç tane çerçeve çağrılacağını\n"
-" belirtir. Üst çerçeve 0. çerçevedir. \n"
-" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
-" İFADE geçersiz olmadığı ve bir kabuk işlevi çalıştırmadığı durumda 0 "
-"döndürür."
+" İFADE'nin değeri, geçerli çağrı biriminden önce kaç tane geri gidilmesi\n"
+" gerektiğini belirtir; en üst çerçeve, 0. çerçevedir."
#: builtins/cd.def:327
msgid "HOME not set"
#: builtins/cd.def:335 builtins/common.c:161 test.c:901
msgid "too many arguments"
-msgstr "çok fazla argüman"
+msgstr "pek fazla argüman"
#: builtins/cd.def:342
msgid "null directory"
#: builtins/common.c:96
#, c-format
msgid "line %d: "
-msgstr "satır %d: "
+msgstr "%d. satır: "
#: builtins/common.c:134 error.c:264
#, c-format
#: builtins/common.c:193 shell.c:516 shell.c:844
#, c-format
msgid "%s: option requires an argument"
-msgstr "%s: seçenek bir argüman gerektirir"
+msgstr "%s: seçenek bir argüman gerektiriyor"
#: builtins/common.c:200
#, c-format
msgid "%s: numeric argument required"
-msgstr "%s: sayısal argüman gerekli"
+msgstr "%s: sayısal argüman gerekiyor"
#: builtins/common.c:207
#, c-format
msgid "%s: not found"
-msgstr "%s:yok"
+msgstr "%s: yok"
#: builtins/common.c:216 shell.c:857
#, c-format
#: builtins/common.c:223
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid option name"
-msgstr "%s: seçenek ismi geçersiz"
+msgstr "%s: seçenek adı geçersiz"
#: builtins/common.c:230 execute_cmd.c:2373 general.c:368 general.c:373
#, c-format
msgid "`%s': not a valid identifier"
-msgstr "`%s': geçerli bir belirteç değil"
+msgstr "`%s': geçerli bir tanımlayıcı değil"
#: builtins/common.c:240
msgid "invalid octal number"
#: builtins/common.c:266 error.c:510
#, c-format
msgid "%s: readonly variable"
-msgstr "%s: salt okunur değişken"
+msgstr "%s: saltokunur değişken"
#: builtins/common.c:274
#, c-format
msgid "%s: %s out of range"
-msgstr "%s: %s aralık dışı"
+msgstr "%s: %s erim dışı"
#: builtins/common.c:274 builtins/common.c:276
msgid "argument"
#: builtins/common.c:276
#, c-format
msgid "%s out of range"
-msgstr "%s aralık dışı"
+msgstr "%s erim dışı"
#: builtins/common.c:284
#, c-format
#: builtins/common.c:331
#, c-format
msgid "error setting terminal attributes: %s"
-msgstr "uçbirim nitelikleri ayarlanırken hata: %s"
+msgstr "uçbirim öznitelikleri ayarlanırken hata: %s"
#: builtins/common.c:333
#, c-format
msgid "error getting terminal attributes: %s"
-msgstr "uçbirim nitelikleri alınırken hata: %s"
+msgstr "uçbirim öznitelikleri alınırken hata: %s"
#: builtins/common.c:635
#, c-format
#: builtins/common.c:1008 builtins/set.def:953 variables.c:3839
#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot unset: readonly %s"
-msgstr "%s:unset yapılamaz: %s salt okunur"
+msgstr "%s: unset yapılamaz: %s saltokunur"
#: builtins/common.c:1013 builtins/set.def:932 variables.c:3844
#, c-format
#: builtins/declare.def:134
msgid "can only be used in a function"
-msgstr "sadece bir işlevde kullanılabilir"
+msgstr "yalnızca bir işlevde kullanılabilir"
#: builtins/declare.def:363 builtins/declare.def:756
#, c-format
msgid "%s: reference variable cannot be an array"
-msgstr "%s: referans değeri bir dizi olamaz"
+msgstr "%s: başvuru değeri bir dizilim olamaz"
#: builtins/declare.def:374 variables.c:3385
#, c-format
msgid "%s: nameref variable self references not allowed"
-msgstr "%s: nameref değişkeninin kendine yaptığı referanslara izin verilmiyor"
+msgstr "%s: nameref değişkeninin kendine yaptığı başvurulara izin verilmiyor"
#: builtins/declare.def:379 variables.c:2104 variables.c:3304 variables.c:3312
#: variables.c:3382
#, c-format
msgid "%s: circular name reference"
-msgstr "%s: çembersel isim referansı"
+msgstr "%s: çembersel ad başvurusu"
#: builtins/declare.def:384 builtins/declare.def:762 builtins/declare.def:773
#, c-format
msgid "`%s': invalid variable name for name reference"
-msgstr "`%s': dosya izleme tanımlayıcısı için geçersiz değer"
+msgstr "%s: ad başvuarusu için geçersiz değişken adı"
#: builtins/declare.def:514
msgid "cannot use `-f' to make functions"
#: builtins/declare.def:526 execute_cmd.c:5986
#, c-format
msgid "%s: readonly function"
-msgstr "%s: salt okunur işlev"
+msgstr "%s: saltokunur işlev"
#: builtins/declare.def:824
#, c-format
#: builtins/declare.def:845 builtins/read.def:815
#, c-format
msgid "%s: cannot convert associative to indexed array"
-msgstr "%s: ilişkisel dizi, indisli diziye dönüştürülemez"
+msgstr "%s: ilişkisel dizilim, indisli dizilime dönüştürülemez"
#: builtins/enable.def:143 builtins/enable.def:151
msgid "dynamic loading not available"
-msgstr "özdevimli yükleme mümkün değil"
+msgstr "devingen yükleme olanaklı değil"
#: builtins/enable.def:343
#, c-format
msgstr "%2$s paylaşımlı nesnesinde %1$s bulunamıyor: %3$s"
#: builtins/enable.def:388
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: dynamic builtin already loaded"
-msgstr "%s: özdevimli olarak yüklenmemiş"
+msgstr "%s: devinen yerleşiği halihazırda yüklenmiş"
#: builtins/enable.def:392
#, c-format
msgid "load function for %s returns failure (%d): not loaded"
-msgstr "%s için yükleme ifadesi hata döndürdü (%d): yüklenmedi"
+msgstr "%s için yükleme işlevi hata döndürdü (%d): yüklenmedi"
#: builtins/enable.def:517
#, c-format
msgid "%s: not dynamically loaded"
-msgstr "%s: özdevimli olarak yüklenmemiş"
+msgstr "%s: devingen olarak yüklenmemiş"
#: builtins/enable.def:543
#, c-format
#: builtins/fg_bg.def:152 builtins/jobs.def:284
msgid "current"
-msgstr "şimdiki"
+msgstr "geçerli"
#: builtins/fg_bg.def:161
#, c-format
#: builtins/getopt.c:110
#, c-format
msgid "%s: illegal option -- %c\n"
-msgstr "%s: kuraldışı seçenek -- %c\n"
+msgstr "%s: kural dışı seçenek -- %c\n"
#: builtins/getopt.c:111
#, c-format
msgid "%s: option requires an argument -- %c\n"
-msgstr "%s: seçenek bir argüman gerektirir -- %c\n"
+msgstr "%s: seçenek bir argüman gerektiriyor -- %c\n"
#: builtins/hash.def:91
msgid "hashing disabled"
-msgstr "çitleme iptal edildi"
+msgstr "sağlama iptal edildi"
#: builtins/hash.def:139
#, c-format
msgid "%s: hash table empty\n"
-msgstr "%s: çitleme tablosu boş\n"
+msgstr "%s: sağlama tablosu boş\n"
#: builtins/hash.def:267
#, c-format
"'\n"
"\n"
msgstr ""
+"'\n"
+"\n"
#: builtins/help.def:185
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
-msgstr ""
-"`%s' ile ilgili bir yardım metni yok. `help help' veya `man -k %s' ya da "
-"`info %s'.yazmayı deneyebilirsiniz."
+msgid "no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'."
+msgstr "`%s' ile ilgili yardım konusu yok. `help help', `man -k %s', `info %s' yazmayı deneyin."
#: builtins/help.def:224
#, c-format
"\n"
msgstr ""
"Bu kabuk komutları dahili olarak tanımlı. Listeyi görmek için `help'yazın.\n"
-"`AD' gibi bir işlev hakkında bilgi almak için `help AD' yazınız.\n"
-"Kabuk hakkında genel bir bilgi edinmek için `info bash'yazınız.\n"
-"Bu listede olmayan komutlar hakkında bilgi bulmak isterseniz,\n"
-"`man -k' veya `info' yazın.\n"
+"`AD' gibi bir işlev hakkında bilgi almak için `help AD' yazın. Kabuk hakkında\n"
+"genel bir bilgi edinmek için `info bash' yazın.\n"
+"Bu listede olmayan\n"
+"komutlar hakkında bilgi bulmak isterseniz `man -k' veya `info' yazın.\n"
"\n"
-"Bir ismin yanında bir yıldız imi (*) varsa komut iptal edilmiş demektir.\n"
+"Bir adın yanında bir yıldız imi (*) varsa komut iptal edilmiş demektir.\n"
"\n"
#: builtins/history.def:155
#: builtins/mapfile.def:279 builtins/read.def:315
#, c-format
msgid "%d: invalid file descriptor: %s"
-msgstr "%d: dosya tanıtıcı geçersiz: %s"
+msgstr "%d: dosya açıklayıcısı geçersiz: %s"
#: builtins/mapfile.def:288 builtins/mapfile.def:326
#, c-format
#: builtins/mapfile.def:299
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid array origin"
-msgstr "%s: geçersiz dizi kökeni"
+msgstr "%s: geçersiz dizilim kökeni"
#: builtins/mapfile.def:316
#, c-format
#: builtins/mapfile.def:349
msgid "empty array variable name"
-msgstr "boş bir dizi değişken adı"
+msgstr "boş bir dizilim değişken adı"
#: builtins/mapfile.def:370
msgid "array variable support required"
#: builtins/printf.def:788
#, c-format
msgid "format parsing problem: %s"
-msgstr "biçim ayıklama sorunu: %s"
+msgstr "biçim ayrıştırma sorunu: %s"
#: builtins/printf.def:885
msgid "missing hex digit for \\x"
#: builtins/printf.def:900
#, c-format
msgid "missing unicode digit for \\%c"
-msgstr "evrensel kod rakamı eksik \\%c"
+msgstr "\\%c için unicode rakamı eksik"
#: builtins/pushd.def:199
msgid "no other directory"
" \twith its position in the stack\n"
" \n"
" Arguments:\n"
-" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n"
" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n"
" \n"
-" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown "
-"by\n"
+" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n"
"\tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero."
msgstr ""
"Geçerli hatırlanan dizinlerin listesini görüntüler. Dizinler\n"
" \n"
" The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack."
msgstr ""
-"Dizin yığıtının en üstüne bir dizin ekler, ya da geçerli çalışma\n"
-" dizini yığıtın tepesine gelecek şekilde yığıtı döndürür. Hiç\n"
+"Dizin yığınının en üstüne bir dizin ekler veya geçerli çalışma\n"
+" dizini yığının tepesine gelecek şekilde yığını döndürür. Hiç\n"
" argüman verilmemişse en üstteki iki dizini yer değiştirir.\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler\n"
-" -n\tYığıta dizin eklenirken dizinin normal değişimini yoksayar\n"
-" \tböylece sadece yığıt değiştirilir.\n"
+" -n\tYığına dizin eklenirken dizinin normal değişimini yok sayar\n"
+" \tböylece yalnızca yığın değiştirilir.\n"
" Argümanlar:\n"
" +N\t(`dirs' tarafından gösterilen listenin solundan saymaya\n"
" \tsıfırla başlandığında) N'inci dizin tepeye gelecek şekilde\n"
-" \tyığıtı döndürür.\n"
+" \tyığını döndürür.\n"
" \n"
" -N\t(`dirs' tarafından gösterilen listenin sağından saymaya\n"
" \tsıfırla başlandığında) N'inci dizin tepeye gelecek şekilde\n"
-" \tyığıtı döndürür.\n"
+" \tyığını döndürür.\n"
" \n"
-" dizin\tDiZiNi yeni çalışma dizini yaparak dizin yığıtının\n"
+" dizin\tDiZiNi yeni çalışma dizini yaparak dizin yığınının\n"
" \ttepesine ekler.\n"
" \n"
-" Dizin yığıtını `dirs' komutuyla görebilirsiniz."
+" Dizin yığınını `dirs' komutuyla görebilirsiniz."
#: builtins/pushd.def:748
msgid ""
" \n"
" The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack."
msgstr ""
-"Dizin yığıtından girdileri siler. Hiç argüman verilmemişse,\n"
-" yığıtın en üstündeki dizini yığıttan kaldırır ve yığıtın\n"
+"Dizin yığınından girdileri siler. Hiç argüman verilmemişse\n"
+" yığının en üstündeki dizini yığından kaldırır ve yığının\n"
" tepesinde kalan dizine geçer.\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
-" -n\tdizinleri yığıttan silerken normal dizin değişikliğini\n"
-" \tengeller, böylece sadece yığıt değiştirilmiş olur. \n"
+" -n\tdizinleri yığından silerken normal dizin değişikliğini\n"
+" \tengeller, böylece yalnızca yığın değiştirilmiş olur. \n"
" \n"
" Argümanlar:\n"
" +N\t`dirs' tarafından gösterilen listenin solundan saymaya\n"
" \tsıfırla başlandığında N'inci girdiyi siler. Örneğin,\n"
" \t`popd -0' son dizini `popd -1' sonuncudan öncekini siler. \n"
" \n"
-" Dizin yığıtını `dirs' komutuyla görebilirsiniz."
+" Dizin yığınını `dirs' komutuyla görebilirsiniz."
#: builtins/read.def:280
#, c-format
#: builtins/return.def:68
msgid "can only `return' from a function or sourced script"
-msgstr "sadece bir işlev veya betikten kaynaklı olarak `return' yapılabilir"
+msgstr "yalnızca bir işlev veya betikten kaynaklı olarak `return' yapılabilir"
#: builtins/set.def:869
msgid "cannot simultaneously unset a function and a variable"
#: builtins/shopt.def:428
#, c-format
msgid "%s: invalid shell option name"
-msgstr "%s: kabuk seçenek ismi geçersiz"
+msgstr "%s: kabuk seçenek adı geçersiz"
#: builtins/source.def:128
msgid "filename argument required"
-msgstr "dosya ismi argüman gerekir"
+msgstr "dosya adı argüman gerekir"
#: builtins/source.def:154
#, c-format
#: error.c:287
#, c-format
msgid "INFORM: "
-msgstr "BİLGİLENDİR:"
+msgstr "BİLGİLENDİR: "
#: error.c:462
msgid "unknown command error"
#: execute_cmd.c:4913
#, c-format
msgid "%s: maximum function nesting level exceeded (%d)"
-msgstr "%s: azami fonksiyon yuvalama sınırı aşıldı (%d)"
+msgstr "%s: azami işlev yuvalama sınırı aşıldı (%d)"
#: execute_cmd.c:5467
#, c-format
#: expr.c:291
msgid "recursion stack underflow"
-msgstr "özyineleme yığıtı alttan taştı"
+msgstr "özyineleme yığını alttan taştı"
#: expr.c:477
msgid "syntax error in expression"
-msgstr "ifadede sözdizimi hatası"
+msgstr "ifadede sözdizim hatası"
#: expr.c:521
msgid "attempted assignment to non-variable"
msgstr "değişken olmayana atama yapmaya çalışıldı"
#: expr.c:530
-#, fuzzy
msgid "syntax error in variable assignment"
-msgstr "ifadede sözdizimi hatası"
+msgstr "değişken atamada sözdizim hatası"
#: expr.c:544 expr.c:911
msgid "division by 0"
#: expr.c:1107 expr.c:1487
msgid "syntax error: operand expected"
-msgstr "sözdizimi hatası: terim umuluyordu"
+msgstr "sözdizim hatası: terim umuluyordu"
#: expr.c:1489
msgid "syntax error: invalid arithmetic operator"
-msgstr "sözdizimi hatası: geçersiz aritmetik işleci"
+msgstr "sözdizim hatası: geçersiz aritmetik işleci"
#: expr.c:1513
#, c-format
msgstr "geçersiz sayı tabanı"
#: expr.c:1582
-#, fuzzy
msgid "invalid integer constant"
-msgstr "%s: geçersiz satır sayısı"
+msgstr "geçersiz tamsayı sabiti"
#: expr.c:1598
msgid "value too great for base"
#: input.c:266
#, c-format
msgid "cannot allocate new file descriptor for bash input from fd %d"
-msgstr ""
-"fd %d tanıtıcısındaki bash girdisi için yeni dosya tanıtıcısı ayrılamıyor"
+msgstr "fd %d tanıtıcısındaki bash girdisi için yeni dosya tanıtıcısı ayrılamıyor"
#: input.c:274
#, c-format
#: jobs.c:2001
#, c-format
msgid "(core dumped) "
-msgstr "(çekirdek döküldü)"
+msgstr "(çekirdek döküldü) "
#: jobs.c:2020
#, c-format
msgstr "wait_for_job: iş %d durdu"
#: jobs.c:3564
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: no current jobs"
-msgstr "%s: böyle bir iş yok"
+msgstr "%s: geçerli iş yok"
#: jobs.c:3571
#, c-format
msgstr "initialize_job_control: getpgrp başarısız"
#: jobs.c:4447
-#, fuzzy
msgid "initialize_job_control: no job control in background"
-msgstr "initialize_job_control: satır düzeni"
+msgstr "initialize_job_control: arka planda iş denetimi yok"
#: jobs.c:4463
msgid "initialize_job_control: line discipline"
msgstr "free: alttan taşma saptandı; mh_nbytes aralık dışında"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1001
-#, fuzzy
msgid "free: underflow detected; magic8 corrupted"
-msgstr "free: alttan taşma saptandı; mh_nbytes aralık dışında"
+msgstr "free: alttan taşma saptandı; magic8 hasarlı"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1009
msgid "free: start and end chunk sizes differ"
msgstr "realloc: alttan taşma saptandı; mh_nbytes aralık dışında"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1141
-#, fuzzy
msgid "realloc: underflow detected; magic8 corrupted"
-msgstr "realloc: alttan taşma saptandı; mh_nbytes aralık dışında"
+msgstr "realloc: alttan taşma saptandı; magic8 hasarlı"
#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1150
msgid "realloc: start and end chunk sizes differ"
#: make_cmd.c:317
msgid "syntax error: arithmetic expression required"
-msgstr "sözdizimi hatası: aritmetik ifadesi gerekli"
+msgstr "sözdizim hatası: aritmetik ifadesi gerekli"
#: make_cmd.c:319
msgid "syntax error: `;' unexpected"
-msgstr "sözdizimi hatası: `;' beklenmiyordu"
+msgstr "sözdizim hatası: `;' beklenmiyordu"
#: make_cmd.c:320
#, c-format
msgid "syntax error: `((%s))'"
-msgstr "sözdizimi hatası: `((%s))'"
+msgstr "sözdizim hatası: `((%s))'"
#: make_cmd.c:572
#, c-format
#: parse.y:2393
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"shell_getc: shell_input_line_size (%zu) exceeds SIZE_MAX (%lu): line "
-"truncated"
-msgstr ""
-"shell_getc: shell_input_line_size (%zu) SIZE_MAX değerini aşıyor (%lu): "
-"satır kırpıldı"
+msgid "shell_getc: shell_input_line_size (%zu) exceeds SIZE_MAX (%lu): line truncated"
+msgstr "shell_getc: shell_input_line_size (%zu) SIZE_MAX değerini aşıyor (%lu): satır kırpıldı"
#: parse.y:2826
msgid "maximum here-document count exceeded"
#: parse.y:4701
#, c-format
msgid "syntax error in conditional expression: unexpected token `%s'"
-msgstr "koşullu ifadede sözdizimi hatası: beklenmedik dizgecik `%s'"
+msgstr "koşullu ifadede sözdizim hatası: beklenmedik jeton `%s'"
#: parse.y:4705
msgid "syntax error in conditional expression"
-msgstr "koşullu ifadede sözdizimi hatası"
+msgstr "koşullu ifadede sözdizim hatası"
#: parse.y:4783
#, c-format
msgid "unexpected token `%s', expected `)'"
-msgstr "beklenmedik dizgecik `%s', `)' umuluyordu"
+msgstr "beklenmedik jeton `%s', `)' umuluyordu"
#: parse.y:4787
msgid "expected `)'"
#: parse.y:4865
#, c-format
msgid "unexpected token `%s', conditional binary operator expected"
-msgstr "beklenmedik dizgecik `%s', koşullu iki terimli işleç umuluyordu"
+msgstr "beklenmedik jeton `%s', koşullu iki terimli işleç umuluyordu"
#: parse.y:4869
msgid "conditional binary operator expected"
#: parse.y:4906
#, c-format
msgid "unexpected token `%c' in conditional command"
-msgstr "koşullu komutta beklenmeyen dizgecik `%c'"
+msgstr "koşullu komutta beklenmeyen jeton `%c'"
#: parse.y:4909
#, c-format
msgid "unexpected token `%s' in conditional command"
-msgstr "koşullu komutta beklenmeyen dizgecik `%s'"
+msgstr "koşullu komutta beklenmeyen jeton `%s'"
#: parse.y:4913
#, c-format
msgid "unexpected token %d in conditional command"
-msgstr "koşullu komutta beklenmeyen dizgecik %d"
+msgstr "koşullu komutta beklenmeyen jeton %d"
#: parse.y:6336
#, c-format
msgid "syntax error near unexpected token `%s'"
-msgstr "beklenmeyen dizgecik `%s' yakınında sözdizimi hatası"
+msgstr "beklenmeyen jeton `%s' yakınında sözdizim hatası"
#: parse.y:6355
#, c-format
msgid "syntax error near `%s'"
-msgstr "`%s' yakınında sözdizimi hatası"
+msgstr "`%s' yakınında sözdizim hatası"
#: parse.y:6365
msgid "syntax error: unexpected end of file"
-msgstr "sözdizimi hatası: beklenmeyen dosya sonu"
+msgstr "sözdizim hatası: beklenmeyen dosya sonu"
#: parse.y:6365
msgid "syntax error"
-msgstr "sözdizimi hatası"
+msgstr "sözdizim hatası"
#: parse.y:6428
#, c-format
#: shell.c:1881
msgid "I have no name!"
-msgstr "Hiç ismim yok!"
+msgstr "Adsızım ben!"
#: shell.c:2035
#, c-format
#: shell.c:2043
msgid "\t-ilrsD or -c command or -O shopt_option\t\t(invocation only)\n"
-msgstr "\t-ilrsD veya -c KOMUT veya -O shopt_seçeneği\t\t(sadece çağrı için)\n"
+msgstr "\t-ilrsD veya -c KOMUT veya -O shopt_seçeneği\t\t(yalnızca çağrı için)\n"
#: shell.c:2062
#, c-format
msgid "\t-%s or -o option\n"
-msgstr "\t-%s ya da -o seçeneği\n"
+msgstr "\t-%s veya -o seçeneği\n"
#: shell.c:2068
#, c-format
msgid "Type `%s -c \"help set\"' for more information about shell options.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Kabuk seçenekleriyle ilgili daha fazla bilgi için `%s -c \"help set\"' "
-"yazın.\n"
+msgstr "Kabuk seçenekleriyle ilgili daha fazla bilgi için `%s -c \"help set\"' yazın.\n"
#: shell.c:2069
#, c-format
msgid "Type `%s -c help' for more information about shell builtin commands.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Kabuk yerleşik komutlarıyla ilgili bilgi almak için `%s -c help' yazın.\n"
+msgstr "Kabuk yerleşik komutlarıyla ilgili bilgi almak için `%s -c help' yazın.\n"
#: shell.c:2070
#, c-format
#: shell.c:2073
#, c-format
msgid "General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>\n"
-msgstr ""
-"GNU yazılımı kullanımı hakkında genel yardım: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>\n"
+msgstr "GNU yazılımı kullanımı hakkında genel yardım: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>\n"
#: sig.c:757
#, c-format
#: subst.c:6059
#, c-format
msgid "cannot open named pipe %s for reading"
-msgstr "isimli boru %s okumak için açılamıyor"
+msgstr "adlı boru %s okumak için açılamıyor"
#: subst.c:6061
#, c-format
msgid "cannot open named pipe %s for writing"
-msgstr "isimli boru %s yazmak için açılamıyor"
+msgstr "adlı boru %s yazmak için açılamıyor"
#: subst.c:6084
#, c-format
msgid "cannot duplicate named pipe %s as fd %d"
-msgstr "isimli boru %s fd %d olarak yinelenemiyor"
+msgstr "adlı boru %s fd %d olarak yinelenemiyor"
#: subst.c:6213
msgid "command substitution: ignored null byte in input"
-msgstr "komut ikamesi: girdideki null bayt yoksayıldı"
+msgstr "komut ikamesi: girdideki null bayt yok sayıldı"
#: subst.c:6353
msgid "cannot make pipe for command substitution"
msgstr "%s: geçersiz değişken adı"
#: subst.c:7256
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#, c-format
msgid "%s: parameter not set"
-msgstr "%s: parametre boş ya da değer atanmamış"
+msgstr "%s: parametre ayarlanmamış"
#: subst.c:7258
#, c-format
msgid "%s: parameter null or not set"
-msgstr "%s: parametre boş ya da değer atanmamış"
+msgstr "%s: parametre boş veya değer atanmamış"
#: subst.c:7503 subst.c:7518
#, c-format
msgid "%s: substring expression < 0"
-msgstr "%s: altdizge ifadesi < 0"
+msgstr "%s: altdizi ifadesi < 0"
#: subst.c:9281 subst.c:9302
#, c-format
msgstr "$%s: bu yolla atama yapılmaz"
#: subst.c:9814
-msgid ""
-"future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic "
-"substitution"
-msgstr ""
-"kabuk gelecekteki sürümlerinde, bir aritmetik ikame olarak değerlendirmeye "
-"zorlayacak"
+msgid "future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic substitution"
+msgstr "kabuk gelecekteki sürümlerinde, bir aritmetik ikame olarak değerlendirmeye zorlayacak"
#: subst.c:10367
#, c-format
msgstr "eksik `]'"
#: test.c:899
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#, c-format
msgid "syntax error: `%s' unexpected"
-msgstr "sözdizimi hatası: `;' beklenmiyordu"
+msgstr "sözdizim hatası: '%s' beklenmiyordu"
#: trap.c:220
msgid "invalid signal number"
msgstr "geçersiz sinyal numarası"
#: trap.c:325
-#, fuzzy, c-format
+#, c-format
msgid "trap handler: maximum trap handler level exceeded (%d)"
-msgstr "eval: azami eval yuvalama sınırı aşıldı (%d)"
+msgstr "tuzak işleyicisi: en yüksek tuzak işleyicisi düzeyi aşıldı (%d)"
#: trap.c:414
#, c-format
#: trap.c:418
#, c-format
-msgid ""
-"run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
-msgstr ""
-"run_pending_traps: sinyal yakalayıcı SIG_DFL'dir, kendime %d (%s) göndererek"
+msgid "run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself"
+msgstr "run_pending_traps: sinyal yakalayıcı SIG_DFL'dir, kendime %d (%s) göndererek"
#: trap.c:487
#, c-format
#: variables.c:3475
#, c-format
msgid "%s: assigning integer to name reference"
-msgstr "%s: isim referansına tamsayı ataması"
+msgstr "%s: ad başvurusuna tamsayı ataması"
#: variables.c:4404
msgid "all_local_variables: no function context at current scope"
#: variables.c:5424
msgid "pop_scope: head of shell_variables not a temporary environment scope"
-msgstr ""
-"pop_scope: kabuk değişkenlerinin başı bir geçici ortam etki alanı değil"
+msgstr "pop_scope: kabuk değişkenlerinin başı bir geçici ortam etki alanı değil"
#: variables.c:6387
#, c-format
msgstr "%s: %s: uyumlulukdeğeri aralık dışı"
#: version.c:46 version2.c:46
-#, fuzzy
msgid "Copyright (C) 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Telif Hakkı (C) 2012 Özgür Yazılım Vakfı A.Ş."
+msgstr "Telif hakkı (C) 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#: version.c:47 version2.c:47
-msgid ""
-"License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-"html>\n"
-msgstr ""
-"Lisans GPLv3+: GNU GPL sürüm 3 veya sonrası <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-"html>\n"
+msgid "License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
+msgstr "Lisans GPLv3+: GNU GPL sürüm 3 veya sonrası <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>\n"
#: version.c:86 version2.c:86
#, c-format
#: builtins.c:45
msgid "alias [-p] [name[=value] ... ]"
-msgstr "alias [-p] [isim[=değer] ... ]"
+msgstr "alias [-p] [ad[=değer] ... ]"
#: builtins.c:49
msgid "unalias [-a] name [name ...]"
-msgstr "unalias [-a] isim [isim ...]"
+msgstr "unalias [-a] ad [ad ...]"
#: builtins.c:53
-msgid ""
-"bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-"
-"x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
-msgstr ""
-"bind [-lpvsPVSX] [-m anahtar eşleniği] [-f dosyaadı] [-q isim] [-u isim] [-r "
-"anahtar sırası] [-x keyseq:kabuk-komutu] [keyseq:satırokuma-işlevi veya "
-"satırokuma-komutu]"
+msgid "bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]"
+msgstr "bind [-lpvsPVSX] [-m anahtar eşleniği] [-f dosyaadı] [-q ad] [-u ad] [-r anahtar sırası] [-x keyseq:kabuk-komutu] [keyseq:satırokuma-işlevi veya satırokuma-komutu]"
#: builtins.c:56
msgid "break [n]"
msgstr "command [-pVv] command [arg ...]"
#: builtins.c:78
-#, fuzzy
msgid "declare [-aAfFgiIlnrtux] [-p] [name[=value] ...]"
-msgstr "declare [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] [isim[=değer] ...]"
+msgstr "declare [-aAfFgiIlnrtux] [-p] [ad[=değer] ...]"
#: builtins.c:80
-#, fuzzy
msgid "typeset [-aAfFgiIlnrtux] [-p] name[=value] ..."
-msgstr "typeset [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] isim[=değer] ..."
+msgstr "typeset [-aAfFgiIlnrtux] [-p] ad[=değer] ..."
#: builtins.c:82
msgid "local [option] name[=value] ..."
-msgstr "local [seçenek] isim[=değer] ..."
+msgstr "local [seçenek] ad[=değer] ..."
#: builtins.c:85
msgid "echo [-neE] [arg ...]"
#: builtins.c:92
msgid "enable [-a] [-dnps] [-f filename] [name ...]"
-msgstr "enable [-a] [-dnps] [-f dosyaadı] [isim ...]"
+msgstr "enable [-a] [-dnps] [-f dosyaadı] [ad ...]"
#: builtins.c:94
msgid "eval [arg ...]"
msgstr "eval [arg ...]"
#: builtins.c:96
-#, fuzzy
msgid "getopts optstring name [arg ...]"
-msgstr "getopts optstring isim [arg]"
+msgstr "getopts seçenekdizisi ad [arg ...]"
#: builtins.c:98
-#, fuzzy
msgid "exec [-cl] [-a name] [command [argument ...]] [redirection ...]"
-msgstr "exec [-cl] [-a isim] [komut [argümanlar ...]] [yönlendirme ...]"
+msgstr "exec [-cl] [-a ad] [komut [argüman ...]] [y. yönlendirme ...]"
#: builtins.c:100
msgid "exit [n]"
#: builtins.c:116
msgid "hash [-lr] [-p pathname] [-dt] [name ...]"
-msgstr "hash [-lr] [-p yoladı] [-dt] [isim ...]"
+msgstr "hash [-lr] [-p yoladı] [-dt] [ad ...]"
#: builtins.c:119
msgid "help [-dms] [pattern ...]"
msgstr "help [-dms] [desen ...]"
#: builtins.c:123
-msgid ""
-"history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg "
-"[arg...]"
-msgstr ""
-"history [-c] [-d başlangıç] [n] veya history -anrw [dosyaadı] veya history -"
-"ps arg [arg...]"
+msgid "history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg [arg...]"
+msgstr "history [-c] [-d başlangıç] [n] veya history -anrw [dosyaadı] veya history -ps arg [arg...]"
#: builtins.c:127
msgid "jobs [-lnprs] [jobspec ...] or jobs -x command [args]"
msgstr "disown [-h] [-ar] [görevtan ... | pid ...]"
#: builtins.c:134
-msgid ""
-"kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l "
-"[sigspec]"
-msgstr ""
-"kill [-s sinspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | görevtan ... veya kill -l "
-"[sigspec]"
+msgid "kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l [sigspec]"
+msgstr "kill [-s sinspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | görevtan ... veya kill -l [sigspec]"
#: builtins.c:136
msgid "let arg [arg ...]"
msgstr "let arg [arg ...]"
#: builtins.c:138
-msgid ""
-"read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p "
-"prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
-msgstr ""
-"read [-ers] [-a dizi] [-d sonlandırıcı] [-i metin] [-n nkarakter] [-N "
-"nkarakter] [-p istem] [-t zamanaşımı] [-u fd] [isim ...]"
+msgid "read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]"
+msgstr "read [-ers] [-a dizi] [-d sonlandırıcı] [-i metin] [-n nkarakter] [-N nkarakter] [-p istem] [-t zamanaşımı] [-u fd] [ad ...]"
#: builtins.c:140
msgid "return [n]"
#: builtins.c:144
msgid "unset [-f] [-v] [-n] [name ...]"
-msgstr "unset [-f] [-v] [-n] [isim ...]"
+msgstr "unset [-f] [-v] [-n] [ad ...]"
#: builtins.c:146
msgid "export [-fn] [name[=value] ...] or export -p"
-msgstr "export [-fn] [isim[=değer] ...] veya export -p"
+msgstr "export [-fn] [ad[=değer] ...] veya export -p"
#: builtins.c:148
msgid "readonly [-aAf] [name[=value] ...] or readonly -p"
-msgstr "readonly [-aAf] [isim[=değer] ...] veya readonly -p"
+msgstr "readonly [-aAf] [ad[=değer] ...] veya readonly -p"
#: builtins.c:150
msgid "shift [n]"
#: builtins.c:168
msgid "type [-afptP] name [name ...]"
-msgstr "type [-afptP] isim [isim ...]"
+msgstr "type [-afptP] ad [ad ...]"
#: builtins.c:171
msgid "ulimit [-SHabcdefiklmnpqrstuvxPT] [limit]"
msgstr "umask [-p] [-S] [kip]"
#: builtins.c:177
-#, fuzzy
msgid "wait [-fn] [-p var] [id ...]"
-msgstr "wait [-n] [id ...]"
+msgstr "wait [-fn] [-p değişken] [kimlik ...]"
#: builtins.c:181
msgid "wait [pid ...]"
#: builtins.c:184
msgid "for NAME [in WORDS ... ] ; do COMMANDS; done"
-msgstr "for İSİM [in KELİMELER ... ] ; do KOMUTLAR; done"
+msgstr "for AD [in SÖZCÜKLER ... ] ; do KOMUTLAR; done"
#: builtins.c:186
msgid "for (( exp1; exp2; exp3 )); do COMMANDS; done"
#: builtins.c:188
msgid "select NAME [in WORDS ... ;] do COMMANDS; done"
-msgstr "select İSİM [in KELİMELER ... ;] do KOMUTLAR; done"
+msgstr "select AD [in SÖZCÜKLER ... ;] do KOMUTLAR; done"
#: builtins.c:190
msgid "time [-p] pipeline"
#: builtins.c:192
msgid "case WORD in [PATTERN [| PATTERN]...) COMMANDS ;;]... esac"
-msgstr "case KELİME in [DESEN [| DESEN]...) KOMUTLAR ;;]... esac"
+msgstr "case SÖZCÜK in [DİZGİ [| DİZGİ]...) KOMUTLAR ;;]... esac"
#: builtins.c:194
-msgid ""
-"if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else "
-"COMMANDS; ] fi"
-msgstr ""
-"if KOMUTLAR; then KOMUTLAR; [ elif KOMUTLAR; then KOMUTLAR; ]... [ else "
-"KOMUTLAR; ] fi"
+msgid "if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else COMMANDS; ] fi"
+msgstr "if KOMUTLAR; then KOMUTLAR; [ elif KOMUTLAR; then KOMUTLAR; ]... [ else KOMUTLAR; ] fi"
#: builtins.c:196
msgid "while COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done"
#: builtins.c:200
msgid "coproc [NAME] command [redirections]"
-msgstr "coproc [isim] command [yönlendirmeler]"
+msgstr "coproc [ad] command [yönlendirmeler]"
#: builtins.c:202
msgid "function name { COMMANDS ; } or name () { COMMANDS ; }"
-msgstr "function isim { KOMUTLAR ; } veya isim () { KOMUTLAR ; }"
+msgstr "function ad { KOMUTLAR ; } veya ad () { KOMUTLAR ; }"
#: builtins.c:204
msgid "{ COMMANDS ; }"
#: builtins.c:212
msgid "variables - Names and meanings of some shell variables"
-msgstr "variables - Bazı kabuk değişkenlerinin isim ve anlamları"
+msgstr "variables - Bazı kabuk değişkenlerinin ad ve anlamları"
#: builtins.c:215
msgid "pushd [-n] [+N | -N | dir]"
msgstr "printf [-v var] biçim [argümanlar]"
#: builtins.c:231
-#, fuzzy
-msgid ""
-"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DEI] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-"
-"W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S "
-"suffix] [name ...]"
-msgstr ""
-"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o seçenek] [-A işlem] [-G genelyol] [-"
-"W kelimelistesi] [-F işlev] [-C komut] [-X süzgeçyolu] [-P önek] [-S sonek] "
-"[isim ...]"
+msgid "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DEI] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [name ...]"
+msgstr "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DEI] [-o seçenek] [-A eylem] [-G global kısım] [-W sözcük listesi] [-F işlev] [-C komut] [-X süzgeç] [-P önek] [-S sonek] [ad ...]"
#: builtins.c:235
-#, fuzzy
-msgid ""
-"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-"
-"F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
-msgstr ""
-"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o seçenek] [-A işlem] [-G genelyol] [-W "
-"kelimelistesi] [-F işlev] [-C komut] [-X süzgeçyolu] [-P önek] [-S sonek] "
-"[kelime]"
+msgid "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]"
+msgstr "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o seçenek] [-A eylem] [-G global kısım] [-W sözcük listesi] [-F işlev] [-C komut] [-X süzgeç] [-P önek] [-S sonek] [sözcük]"
#: builtins.c:239
-#, fuzzy
msgid "compopt [-o|+o option] [-DEI] [name ...]"
-msgstr "compopt [-o|+o seçenek] [-DE] [isim ...]"
+msgstr "compopt [-o|+o seçenek] [-DEI] [ad ...]"
#: builtins.c:242
-msgid ""
-"mapfile [-d delim] [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C "
-"callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
-msgstr ""
-"mapfile [-d sonlandrc] [-n say] [-O kaynak] [-s say] [-t] [-u fd] [-C "
-"geriçağırım] [-c parçacık] [dizi]"
+msgid "mapfile [-d delim] [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
+msgstr "mapfile [-d sonlandrc] [-n say] [-O kaynak] [-s say] [-t] [-u fd] [-C geriçağırım] [-c parçacık] [dizi]"
#: builtins.c:244
-#, fuzzy
-msgid ""
-"readarray [-d delim] [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C "
-"callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
-msgstr ""
-"readarray [-n say] [-O kaynak] [-s say] [-t] [-u fd] [-C geriçağırım] [-c "
-"parçacık] [dizi]"
+msgid "readarray [-d delim] [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]"
+msgstr "readarray [-d sınırlandırıcı] [-n sayım] [-O köken] [-s sayım] [-t] [-u fd] [-C geri çağırma] [-c kuantum] [dizilim]"
#: builtins.c:256
msgid ""
" -p\tprint all defined aliases in a reusable format\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has "
-"been\n"
+" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has been\n"
" defined."
msgstr ""
"Rumuz tanımla veya görüntüle.\n"
" \n"
-" `alias' argümansız kullanıldığında standart çıktıda kullanılabilecek "
-"tüm\n"
-" rumuzları `alias İSİM=DEĞER' biçiminde listeler.\n"
+" `alias' argümansız kullanıldığında standart çıktıda kullanılabilecek tüm\n"
+" rumuzları `alias AD=DEĞER' biçiminde listeler.\n"
" \n"
-" Diğer durumda DEĞERi verilmiş her İSİM için bir rumuz tanımlanır.\n"
-" DEĞERdeki boşluk, rumuz genişletildiğinde sonraki kelimenin rumuz\n"
+" Diğer durumda DEĞERi verilmiş her AD için bir rumuz tanımlanır.\n"
+" DEĞERdeki boşluk, rumuz genişletildiğinde sonraki sözcüğün rumuz\n"
" ikamesi için denetlenmesine sebep olur.\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
-" -p\tTüm rumuzları tekrar kullanılabilir biçimde listele\n"
+" -p\tTüm rumuzları yeniden kullanılabilir biçimde listele\n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
-" Hiçbir şeyin rumuzu olmayan bir İSİM verilmedikçe alias doğru döndürür."
+" Hiçbir şeyin rumuzu olmayan bir AD verilmedikçe alias doğru döndürür."
#: builtins.c:278
msgid ""
" Seçenekler:\n"
" -a\ttüm rumuz tanımlamalarını kaldır\n"
" \n"
-" İSİM mevcut olmayan bir rumuz olmadığı takdirde doğru\n"
+" AD mevcut olmayan bir rumuz olmadığı takdirde doğru\n"
" döndür."
#: builtins.c:291
" Options:\n"
" -m keymap Use KEYMAP as the keymap for the duration of this\n"
" command. Acceptable keymap names are emacs,\n"
-" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-"
-"move,\n"
+" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,\n"
" vi-command, and vi-insert.\n"
" -l List names of functions.\n"
" -P List function names and bindings.\n"
" -p List functions and bindings in a form that can be\n"
" reused as input.\n"
-" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their "
-"values\n"
-" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their "
-"values\n"
+" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
+" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n"
" in a form that can be reused as input.\n"
" -V List variable names and values\n"
" -v List variable names and values in a form that can\n"
" be reused as input.\n"
" -q function-name Query about which keys invoke the named function.\n"
-" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named "
-"function.\n"
+" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named function.\n"
" -r keyseq Remove the binding for KEYSEQ.\n"
" -f filename Read key bindings from FILENAME.\n"
" -x keyseq:shell-command\tCause SHELL-COMMAND to be executed when\n"
" \t\t\t\tKEYSEQ is entered.\n"
-" -X List key sequences bound with -x and associated "
-"commands\n"
+" -X List key sequences bound with -x and associated commands\n"
" in a form that can be reused as input.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" bind returns 0 unless an unrecognized option is given or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-"Readline tuş atamalarını ve değişkenlerini ayarla.\n"
+"Readline düğme atamalarını ve değişkenlerini ayarla.\n"
" \n"
-" Bir tuş dizilimini bir Readline işlevine veya makrosuna bağlar ya da\n"
+" Bir düğme dizilimini bir Readline işlevine veya makrosuna bağlar veya\n"
" bir Readline değişkeni atar. Seçeneksiz argüman sözdizimi ~/.initrc\n"
" içinde bulunana eşdeğerdir, ama tek bir argüman olarak aktarılması\n"
" gerekir: bind '\"\\C-x\\C-r\": re-read-init-file'.\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
-" -m TUŞDİZİSİ Bu komut süresince kısayol olarak TUŞDİZİSİ\n"
-" kullanılır. Olası kısayol isimleri: emacs,\n"
+" -m DÜĞMEEŞLEM Bu komut süresince kısayol olarak DÜĞMEEŞLEM\n"
+" kullanılır. Olası kısayol adları: emacs,\n"
" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi,\n"
" vi-move, vi-command ve vi-insert.\n"
-" -l İşlev isimlerini listeler.\n"
-" -P İşlev isimlerini ve kısayolları listeler.\n"
-" -p İşlev isimlerini ve kısayolları, girdi olarak\n"
+" -l İşlev adlarını listeler.\n"
+" -P İşlev adlarını ve kısayolları listeler.\n"
+" -p İşlev adlarını ve kısayolları, girdi olarak\n"
" kullanılabilir biçimde listeler.\n"
-" -S Makroları çağıran tuş dizilerini ve değerlerini\n"
+" -S Makroları çağıran düğme dizilerini ve değerlerini\n"
" listeler\n"
-" -s Makroları çağıran tuş dizilerini ve değerlerini\n"
-" girdi olarak kullanılabilir biçimde listeler. "
-"-V Değişken isimlerini ve değerlerini listeler.\n"
-" -v Değişken isimlerini ve değerlerini girdi olarak\n"
+" -s Makroları çağıran düğme dizilerini ve değerlerini\n"
+" girdi olarak kullanılabilir biçimde listeler.\n"
+" -V Değişken adlarını ve değerlerini listeler.\n"
+" -v Değişken adlarını ve değerlerini girdi olarak\n"
" kullanılabilir biçimde listeler.\n"
-" -q İŞLEV İsmi belirtilen İŞLEVi çağıran tuşlar hakkında "
-"sorgu.\n"
-" -u İŞLEV İsmi belirtilen İŞLEVi çağıran tüm tuş "
-"kısayollarını\n"
+" -q İŞLEV Adı belirtilen İŞLEVi çağıran düğmeler hakkında sorgu.\n"
+" -u İŞLEV Adı belirtilen İŞLEVi çağıran tüm düğme kısayollarını\n"
" kaldırır.\n"
-" -r TUŞDİZİSİ TUŞDİZİSİ için mevcut kısayolları kaldırır.\n"
-" -x TUŞDİZİSİ:KABUK-KOMUTU\tTUŞDİZİSİnin her girilişinde KABUK-"
-"KOMUTUnun\n"
+" -r DÜĞMEDİZİSİ DÜĞMEDİZİSİ için mevcut kısayolları kaldırır.\n"
+" -x DÜĞMEDİZİSİ:KABUK-KOMUTU\tDÜĞMEDİZİSİnin her girilişinde KABUK-KOMUTUnun\n"
" \t\t\t\tçalıştırılmasını sağlar.\n"
-" -X Tuş dizilerini -x ve ilişkili komutlarını tekrar "
-"bir girdi olarak kullanılabilecek\n"
-" biçimde listeler.\n"
+" -X Düğme dizilerini -x ve ilişkili komutlarını yeniden\n"
+" bir girdi olarak kullanılabilecek biçimde listeler.\n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
-" tanınmayan bir seçenek girilmediği veya bir hata oluşmadığı durumda 0 "
-"döndürür."
+" tanınmayan bir seçenek girilmediği veya bir hata oluşmadığı durumda 0 döndürür."
#: builtins.c:330
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"for, while veya until döngülerinden çık.\n"
" \n"
-" Bir FOR, WHILE veya UNTIL döngüsünden çık. Eğer N belirtilmişse, N "
-"ilişkili\n"
+" Bir FOR, WHILE veya UNTIL döngüsünden çık. Eğer N belirtilmişse N ilişkili\n"
" döngüden çık.\n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
"for, while veya until döngülerine devam et.\n"
" \n"
" İlişkili FOR, WHILE veya UNTIL döngüsünün sonraki adımına devam eder.\n"
-" N tanımlanmışsa, N'inci ilişkili döngüye devam eder.\n"
+" N tanımlanmışsa N'inci ilişkili döngüye devam eder.\n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
" N, 1 veya daha büyük olmadığında çıkış durumu 0'dır."
#: builtins.c:354
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Execute shell builtins.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Execute SHELL-BUILTIN with arguments ARGs without performing command\n"
+#| " lookup. This is useful when you wish to reimplement a shell builtin\n"
+#| " as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the function.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Exit Status:\n"
+#| " Returns the exit status of SHELL-BUILTIN, or false if SHELL-BUILTIN is\n"
+#| " not a shell builtin.."
msgid ""
"Execute shell builtins.\n"
" \n"
" Execute SHELL-BUILTIN with arguments ARGs without performing command\n"
" lookup. This is useful when you wish to reimplement a shell builtin\n"
-" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the "
-"function.\n"
+" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the function.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the exit status of SHELL-BUILTIN, or false if SHELL-BUILTIN is\n"
"Kabuk dahillerini çalıştır.\n"
" \n"
" Komut araması yapmadan KABUK-DAHİLİ, ARGÜMANLAR argümanları ile\n"
-" çalıştır. Bu, bir KABUK-DAHİLİ, bir kabuk işlevi olarak tekrar uygulamak "
-"isteyip\n"
-" işlev içerisinde dahili olanı da çalıştırmanız gerektiğinizde "
-"kullanışlıdır.\n"
+" çalıştır. Bu, bir KABUK-DAHİLİ, bir kabuk işlevi olarak yeniden uygulamak isteyip\n"
+" işlev içerisinde dahili olanı da çalıştırmanız gerektiğinizde kullanışlıdır.\n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
-" KABUK-DAHİLİnin çıkış durumunu veya eğer KABUK-DAHİLİ değilse false "
-"döndürür."
+" KABUK-DAHİLİnin çıkış durumunu veya eğer KABUK-DAHİLİ değilse false döndürür."
#: builtins.c:369
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Geçerli alt yordam çağrısının bağlamını döndürür.\n"
" \n"
-" İFADE olmadan, \"$satır $dosyaadı\" döndürür. İFADE ile "
-"kullanıldığında\n"
-" \"$satır $altyordam $dosyaadı\" döndürür; bu ek bilgi bir yığın izi "
-"sağlamak\n"
+" İFADE olmadan, \"$satır $dosyaadı\" döndürür. İFADE ile kullanıldığında\n"
+" \"$satır $altyordam $dosyaadı\" döndürür; bu ek bilgi bir yığın izi sağlamak\n"
" için kullanılabilir.\n"
" \n"
" İFADE değeri, geçerli çerçeveden önce kaç tane çerçeve çağrılacağını\n"
" belirtir. Üst çerçeve 0. çerçevedir. \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
-" İFADE geçersiz olmadığı ve bir kabuk işlevi çalıştırmadığı durumda 0 "
-"döndürür."
+" İFADE geçersiz olmadığı ve bir kabuk işlevi çalıştırmadığı durumda 0 döndürür."
#: builtins.c:387
msgid ""
"Change the shell working directory.\n"
" \n"
-" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of "
-"the\n"
+" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of the\n"
" HOME shell variable.\n"
" \n"
-" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory "
-"containing\n"
-" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon "
-"(:).\n"
-" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR "
-"begins\n"
+" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory containing\n"
+" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon (:).\n"
+" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR begins\n"
" with a slash (/), then CDPATH is not used.\n"
" \n"
-" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is "
-"set,\n"
-" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a "
-"value,\n"
+" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is set,\n"
+" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a value,\n"
" its value is used for DIR.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \t\tattributes as a directory containing the file attributes\n"
" \n"
" The default is to follow symbolic links, as if `-L' were specified.\n"
-" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname "
-"component\n"
+" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname component\n"
" back to a slash or the beginning of DIR.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully "
-"when\n"
+" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully when\n"
" -P is used; non-zero otherwise."
msgstr ""
"Kabuk çalışma dizinini değiştir.\n"
" \n"
-" Geçerli dizini DİZİN olarak değiştir. Öntanımlı dizin kabuk değişkeninin "
-"EV\n"
+" Geçerli dizini DİZİN olarak değiştir. Öntanımlı dizin kabuk değişkeninin EV\n"
" dizini değeridir.\n"
" \n"
-" CDPATH değişkeni, DİZİN içeren dizinler için arama yolunu tanımlar. "
-"CDPATH\n"
-" için alternatif dizin isimleri iki nokta (:) ile ayrılır.\n"
-" Boş dizin adı, geçerli dizinle aynıdır. Eğer DİZİN bölü (/) ile "
-"başlıyorsa, CDPATH\n"
+" CDPATH değişkeni, DİZİN içeren dizinler için arama yolunu tanımlar. CDPATH\n"
+" için alternatif dizin adları iki nokta (:) ile ayrılır.\n"
+" Boş dizin adı, geçerli dizinle aynıdır. Eğer DİZİN bölü (/) ile başlıyorsa CDPATH\n"
" kullanılmaz.\n"
" \n"
-" Eğer dizin bulunamazsa ve kabuk seçeneği `cdable_vars' ayarlanmışsa, "
-"kelime\n"
-" bir değişken adı olarak varsayılır. Eğer değişken bir değere sahipse, "
-"değeri DİZİN\n"
+" Eğer dizin bulunamazsa ve kabuk seçeneği `cdable_vars' ayarlanmışsa sözcük\n"
+" bir değişken adı olarak varsayılır. Eğer değişken bir değere sahipse değeri DİZİN\n"
" için kullanılır\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
-" -L\tsembolik bağlantıların takip edilmesini zorla: '..' "
-"örneklerinin\n"
+" -L\tsembolik bağlantıların takip edilmesini zorla: '..' örneklerinin\n"
" \t\tişlenmesinden sonra DİZİN içindeki sembolik bağlantıları çöz\n"
-" -P\tsembolik bağlantıları takip etmeden fiziksel dizini kullan: '..' "
-"örneklerinin\n"
+" -P\tsembolik bağlantıları takip etmeden fiziksel dizini kullan: '..' örneklerinin\n"
" \t\tişlenmesinden önce DİZİN içindeki sembolik bağlantıları çöz\n"
-" -e\teğer -P seçeneği belirtilmişse ve geçerli çalışma dizini "
-"başarılı şekilde\n"
-" \tbelirlenemiyorsa, sıfır olmayan bir durumla çık\n"
-" -@\tdestekleyen sistemlerde, dosya niteliklerini içeren bir dizin "
-"olarak uzatılmış\n"
+" -e\teğer -P seçeneği belirtilmişse ve geçerli çalışma dizini başarılı şekilde\n"
+" \tbelirlenemiyorsa sıfır olmayan bir durumla çık\n"
+" -@\tdestekleyen sistemlerde, dosya niteliklerini içeren bir dizin olarak uzatılmış\n"
" niteliklere sahip bir dosya sun \n"
-" Öntanımlı olan `-L' tanımlanmış gibi sembolik bağlantıları takip "
-"etmektir.\n"
+" Öntanımlı olan `-L' tanımlanmış gibi sembolik bağlantıları takip etmektir.\n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
-" Eğer dizin değişmişse ve -P kullanıldığında $PWD başarılı ayarlanırsa 0; "
-"diğer durumda\n"
+" Eğer dizin değişmişse ve -P kullanıldığında $PWD başarılı ayarlanırsa 0; diğer durumda\n"
" sıfır olmayan bir değer döndürür."
#: builtins.c:425
" Returns 0 unless an invalid option is given or the current directory\n"
" cannot be read."
msgstr ""
-"Geçerli çalışma dizininin ismini yazdır.\n"
+"Geçerli çalışma dizininin adını yazdır.\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
-" -L\teğer geçerli çalışma dizinini isimlendirmişse $PWD değerini "
-"yazdır\n"
+" -L\teğer geçerli çalışma dizinini adlandırmışsa $PWD değerini yazdır\n"
" -P\thiçbir sembolik bağlantı kullanmadan fiziksel dizini yazdır\n"
" \n"
" Öntanımlı olarak `pwd', `-L' tanımlanmış şekilde davranır.\n"
"Execute a simple command or display information about commands.\n"
" \n"
" Runs COMMAND with ARGS suppressing shell function lookup, or display\n"
-" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke "
-"commands\n"
+" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke commands\n"
" on disk when a function with the same name exists.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
msgstr ""
"Basit bir komut çalıştır veya komutlar hakkında bilgi görüntüle.\n"
" \n"
-" KOMUTU ARGümanları ile kabuk işlevi aramasını ihmal ederek çalıştırır "
-"veya\n"
-" belirtilen KOMUTlar hakkında bilgi görüntüler. Aynı isimde bir işlev "
-"varsa\n"
+" KOMUTU ARGümanları ile kabuk işlevi aramasını ihmal ederek çalıştırır veya\n"
+" belirtilen KOMUTLAR hakkında bilgi görüntüler. Aynı adda bir işlev varsa\n"
" diskte komutları çalıştırmak için kullanılabilir.\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
-" -p YOL için, tüm standart yardımcıları bulabilmek için bir "
-"öntanımlı değer\n"
+" -p YOL için, tüm standart yardımcıları bulabilmek için bir öntanımlı değer\n"
" \tkullan\n"
" -v `type' dahilisine benzer bir KOMUT açıklaması göster\n"
" -V her KOMUTun fazla açıklamasını göster\n"
#: builtins.c:490
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Set variable values and attributes.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Declare variables and give them attributes. If no NAMEs are given,\n"
+#| " display the attributes and values of all variables.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Options:\n"
+#| " -f\trestrict action or display to function names and definitions\n"
+#| " -F\trestrict display to function names only (plus line number and\n"
+#| " \t\tsource file when debugging)\n"
+#| " -g\tcreate global variables when used in a shell function; otherwise\n"
+#| " \t\tignored\n"
+#| " -p\tdisplay the attributes and value of each NAME\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Options which set attributes:\n"
+#| " -a\tto make NAMEs indexed arrays (if supported)\n"
+#| " -A\tto make NAMEs associative arrays (if supported)\n"
+#| " -i\tto make NAMEs have the `integer' attribute\n"
+#| " -l\tto convert NAMEs to lower case on assignment\n"
+#| " -n\tmake NAME a reference to the variable named by its value\n"
+#| " -r\tto make NAMEs readonly\n"
+#| " -t\tto make NAMEs have the `trace' attribute\n"
+#| " -u\tto convert NAMEs to upper case on assignment\n"
+#| " -x\tto make NAMEs export\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the given attribute.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see\n"
+#| " the `let' command) performed when the variable is assigned a value.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the `local'\n"
+#| " command. The `-g' option suppresses this behavior.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Exit Status:\n"
+#| " Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or a variable\n"
+#| " assignment error occurs."
msgid ""
"Set variable values and attributes.\n"
" \n"
" Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see\n"
" the `let' command) performed when the variable is assigned a value.\n"
" \n"
-" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the "
-"`local'\n"
+" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the `local'\n"
" command. The `-g' option suppresses this behavior.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgstr ""
"Değişken değer ve niteliklerini ayarla.\n"
" \n"
-" Değişkenleri ayarla ve nitelik ver. Eğer İSİM verilmemişse, tüm "
-"değişkenlerin, niteliklerini ve değerlerini görüntüle.\n"
+" Değişkenleri ayarla ve nitelik ver. Eğer AD verilmemişse tüm değişkenlerin, niteliklerini ve değerlerini görüntüle.\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
-" -f\teylemi veya işlev ismi ile tanımları gösterimini kısıtla\n"
-" -F\tsadece işlev isim gösterimlerini kısıtla (ek olarak satır sayısı "
-"ve hata ayıklarken\n"
+" -f\teylemi veya işlev adı ile tanımları gösterimini kısıtla\n"
+" -F\tyalnızca işlev ad gösterimlerini kısıtla (ek olarak satır sayısı ve hata ayıklarken\n"
" \t\tkaynak dosyayı)\n"
-" -g\tbir kabuk fonksiyonunda kullanıldığında evrensel değişken "
-"oluştur,\n"
-" \t\taksi takdirde yoksayılır\n"
-" -p\ther İSİMin değeri ve niteliklerini görüntüle\n"
+" -g\tbir kabuk işlevinde kullanıldığında evrensel değişken oluştur,\n"
+" \t\taksi takdirde yok sayılır\n"
+" -p\ther AD'ın değeri ve niteliklerini görüntüle\n"
" \n"
" Nitelik ayarlayan seçenekler:\n"
-" -a\tİSİMleri indisli diziler yapmak için (destekleniyorsa)\n"
-" -A\tİSİMleri ilişkisel dizi yapmak için (destekleniyorsa)\n"
-" -i\tİSİMleri `integer' niteliği sahibi yapmak için\n"
-" -l\tİSİMleri atamada küçük harfe dönüştürmek için\n"
-" -n\tİSİMi değeriyle isimlendirilmiş bir değişkene referans yapmak "
-"için\n"
-" -r\tİSİMleri salt okunur yapmak için\n"
-" -t\tİSİMlerin `trace' niteliği sahibi yapmak için\n"
-" -u\tİSİMleri atamada büyük harfe dönüştürmek için\n"
-" -x\tİSİMleri dışarı çıkarabilir yapmak için\n"
+" -a\tAD'ları indisli diziler yapmak için (destekleniyorsa)\n"
+" -A\tAD'ları ilişkisel dizi yapmak için (destekleniyorsa)\n"
+" -i\tAD'ları `integer' niteliği sahibi yapmak için\n"
+" -l\tAD'ları atamada küçük harfe dönüştürmek için\n"
+" -n\tAD'ı değeriyle ad bir değişkene referans yapmak için\n"
+" -r\tAD'ları saltokunur yapmak için\n"
+" -t\tAD'ların `trace' niteliği sahibi yapmak için\n"
+" -u\tAD'ları atamada büyük harfe dönüştürmek için\n"
+" -x\tAD'ları dışarı çıkarabilir yapmak için\n"
" \n"
" `-' yerine `+' kullanmak belirtilen niteliği kapatır.\n"
" \n"
-" Tamsayı niteliğine sahip değişkenler, bir değere atandıklarında "
-"aritmetik değerlendirmeye tabi tutulurlar (`let' komutuna bakın).\n"
+" Tamsayı niteliğine sahip değişkenler, bir değere atandıklarında aritmetik değerlendirmeye tabi tutulurlar (`let' komutuna bakın).\n"
" \n"
-" Bir fonksiyonda kullanıldığında, `declare' İSİMleri, `local' komutu\n"
+" Bir işlevde kullanıldığında, `declare' AD'ları, `local' komutu\n"
"gibi yerel\n"
" yapar. `-g' seçeneği bu davranışı iptal eder.\n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
-" Geçersiz bir değer sağlanmadığı veya değişken atama hatası olmadığı "
-"sürece\n"
+" Geçersiz bir değer sağlanmadığı veya değişken atama hatası olmadığı sürece\n"
" başarılı döner."
#: builtins.c:532
" \n"
" A synonym for `declare'. See `help declare'."
msgstr ""
-"Değişken isim ve niteliklerini ayarla.\n"
+"Değişken ad ve niteliklerini ayarla.\n"
" \n"
" `declare' ile eş anlamlıdır. Bkz. `help declare'."
msgstr ""
"Yerel değişkenleri tanımla.\n"
" \n"
-" İSİM adıyla bir yerel değişken oluştur ve DEĞER ata. SEÇENEK `declare'\n"
+" AD adıyla bir yerel değişken oluştur ve DEĞER ata. SEÇENEK `declare'\n"
" tarafından kabul edilen herhangi bir seçenek olabilir.\n"
" \n"
-" Yerel değişkenler sadece bir işlev içerisinde kullanılabilirler ve "
-"tanımlandıkları\n"
+" Yerel değişkenler yalnızca bir işlev içerisinde kullanılabilirler ve tanımlandıkları\n"
" işleve ve alt işlevlerine görünebilirler.\n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
-" Geçersiz bir seçenek verilmediğinde, bir değişken hatası oluşmadığında "
-"veya\n"
+" Geçersiz bir seçenek verilmediğinde, bir değişken hatası oluşmadığında veya\n"
" kabuk bir işlev çalıştırmıyorsa başarılı döner."
#: builtins.c:557
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Write arguments to the standard output.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by a\n"
+#| " newline, on the standard output.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Options:\n"
+#| " -n\tdo not append a newline\n"
+#| " -e\tenable interpretation of the following backslash escapes\n"
+#| " -E\texplicitly suppress interpretation of backslash escapes\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " `echo' interprets the following backslash-escaped characters:\n"
+#| " \\a\talert (bell)\n"
+#| " \\b\tbackspace\n"
+#| " \\c\tsuppress further output\n"
+#| " \\e\tescape character\n"
+#| " \\E\tescape character\n"
+#| " \\f\tform feed\n"
+#| " \\n\tnew line\n"
+#| " \\r\tcarriage return\n"
+#| " \\t\thorizontal tab\n"
+#| " \\v\tvertical tab\n"
+#| " \\\\\tbackslash\n"
+#| " \\0nnn\tthe character whose ASCII code is NNN (octal). NNN can be\n"
+#| " \t\t0 to 3 octal digits\n"
+#| " \\xHH\tthe eight-bit character whose value is HH (hexadecimal). HH\n"
+#| " \t\tcan be one or two hex digits\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Exit Status:\n"
+#| " Returns success unless a write error occurs."
msgid ""
"Write arguments to the standard output.\n"
" \n"
-" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by "
-"a\n"
+" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by a\n"
" newline, on the standard output.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \t\t0 to 3 octal digits\n"
" \\xHH\tthe eight-bit character whose value is HH (hexadecimal). HH\n"
" \t\tcan be one or two hex digits\n"
-" \\uHHHH\tthe Unicode character whose value is the hexadecimal value "
-"HHHH.\n"
+" \\uHHHH\tthe Unicode character whose value is the hexadecimal value HHHH.\n"
" \t\tHHHH can be one to four hex digits.\n"
-" \\UHHHHHHHH the Unicode character whose value is the hexadecimal "
-"value\n"
+" \\UHHHHHHHH the Unicode character whose value is the hexadecimal value\n"
" \t\tHHHHHHHH. HHHHHHHH can be one to eight hex digits.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" \\t\tyatay sekme\n"
" \\v\tdikey sekme\n"
" \\\\\tters bölü\n"
-" \\0nnn\tASCII kodu NNN (sekizlik) olan karakter. NNN 0-3 arası "
-"sekizli\n"
+" \\0nnn\tASCII kodu NNN (sekizlik) olan karakter. NNN 0-3 arası sekizli\n"
" \t\trakamlardan oluşabilir.\n"
" \\xHH\tdeğeri HH (onaltılık) olan sekiz bit karakter. HH bir veya iki\n"
" \t\tonaltılık rakam olabilir\n"
msgstr ""
"Kabuk yerleşiklerini etkinleştir/devre dışı bırak.\n"
" \n"
-" Dahili kabuk komutlarını etkinleştirir ve devre dışı bırakır. Devre "
-"dışı\n"
-" bırakmak bir kabuk yerleşiği ile aynı isme sahip bir disk komutunu tam\n"
+" Dahili kabuk komutlarını etkinleştirir ve devre dışı bırakır. Devre dışı\n"
+" bırakmak bir kabuk yerleşiği ile aynı ada sahip bir disk komutunu tam\n"
" bir yol adı kullanmadan çalıştırmanızı sağlar. \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
-" -a\ttüm yerleşikler listesini etkin olup olmadıkları bilgisi ile "
-"yazdır\n"
-" -n\ther İSİMi devre dışı bırak veya devre dışı olanları listele\n"
-" -p\tyerleşik listesini tekrar kullanılabilir biçimde yazdır\n"
-" -s\tsadece Posix `özel' yerleşiklerinin isimlerini yazdır\n"
+" -a\ttüm yerleşikler listesini etkin olup olmadıkları bilgisi ile yazdır\n"
+" -n\ther AD'ı devre dışı bırak veya devre dışı olanları listele\n"
+" -p\tyerleşik listesini yeniden kullanılabilir biçimde yazdır\n"
+" -s\tyalnızca Posix `özel' yerleşiklerinin adlarını yazdır\n"
" \n"
" Hareketli yüklemeyi denetleyen seçenekler:\n"
-" -f\tİSİM yerleşiğini paylaşılan DOSYAADI nesnesinden yükle\n"
+" -f\tAD yerleşiğini paylaşılan DOSYAADI nesnesinden yükle\n"
" -d\t-f ile yüklenmiş bir yerleşiği kaldır\n"
" \n"
-" Seçenek olmazsa her İSİM etkinleştirilir.\n"
+" Seçenek olmazsa her AD etkinleştirilir.\n"
" \n"
" Kabuk yerleşiği sürümü yerine $PATH içerisinde bulunan `test' kullanmak\n"
" için `enable -n test' yazın.\n"
" \n"
" Çıktı Durumu:\n"
-" İSİM bir kabuk yerleşiği değilse ve hata oluşmazsa başarılı döner."
+" AD bir kabuk yerleşiği değilse ve hata oluşmazsa başarılı döner."
#: builtins.c:640
msgid ""
"Execute arguments as a shell command.\n"
" \n"
-" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the "
-"shell,\n"
+" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the shell,\n"
" and execute the resulting commands.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgstr ""
"Argümanları kabuk komutu olarak çalıştır.\n"
" \n"
-" ARGümanları tek bir dizgeye birleştir, sonucu kabuğa girdi olarak "
-"kullan,\n"
+" ARGümanları tek bir diziye birleştir, sonucu kabuğa girdi olarak kullan,\n"
" ve sonuçlanan komutları çalıştır.\n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
#: builtins.c:652
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Parse option arguments.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Getopts is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters\n"
+#| " as options.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " OPTSTRING contains the option letters to be recognized; if a letter\n"
+#| " is followed by a colon, the option is expected to have an argument,\n"
+#| " which should be separated from it by white space.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Each time it is invoked, getopts will place the next option in the\n"
+#| " shell variable $name, initializing name if it does not exist, and\n"
+#| " the index of the next argument to be processed into the shell\n"
+#| " variable OPTIND. OPTIND is initialized to 1 each time the shell or\n"
+#| " a shell script is invoked. When an option requires an argument,\n"
+#| " getopts places that argument into the shell variable OPTARG.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " getopts reports errors in one of two ways. If the first character\n"
+#| " of OPTSTRING is a colon, getopts uses silent error reporting. In\n"
+#| " this mode, no error messages are printed. If an invalid option is\n"
+#| " seen, getopts places the option character found into OPTARG. If a\n"
+#| " required argument is not found, getopts places a ':' into NAME and\n"
+#| " sets OPTARG to the option character found. If getopts is not in\n"
+#| " silent mode, and an invalid option is seen, getopts places '?' into\n"
+#| " NAME and unsets OPTARG. If a required argument is not found, a '?'\n"
+#| " is placed in NAME, OPTARG is unset, and a diagnostic message is\n"
+#| " printed.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " If the shell variable OPTERR has the value 0, getopts disables the\n"
+#| " printing of error messages, even if the first character of\n"
+#| " OPTSTRING is not a colon. OPTERR has the value 1 by default.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Getopts normally parses the positional parameters ($0 - $9), but if\n"
+#| " more arguments are given, they are parsed instead.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Exit Status:\n"
+#| " Returns success if an option is found; fails if the end of options is\n"
+#| " encountered or an error occurs."
msgid ""
"Parse option arguments.\n"
" \n"
msgstr ""
"Seçenek argümanlarını ayıklar.\n"
" \n"
-" Getopts kabuk betikleri tarafından konumsal parametreleri "
-"çözümlemekte\n"
+" Getopts kabuk betikleri tarafından konumsal parametreleri çözümlemekte\n"
" kullanılır.\n"
" \n"
-" SÇNDİZGESİ tanınan seçenek karakterlerini içerir; bir karakterden "
-"sonra\n"
-" bir ikinokta imi (:) geliyorsa seçeneğin ondan bir boşlukla ayrılmış "
-"bir\n"
+" SÇNSİ tanınan seçenek karakterlerini içerir; bir karakterden sonra\n"
+" bir ikinokta imi (:) geliyorsa seçeneğin ondan bir boşlukla ayrılmış bir\n"
" argümana sahip olacağı umulur.\n"
" \n"
-" Her çağrılışında getopts işlenecek sonraki argümanın indisini "
-"OPTIND\n"
-" kabuk değişkenine ve AD değişkenini de mevcut değilse "
-"ilklendirerek\n"
-" sonraki seçeneği $AD kabuk değişkenine yerleştirir. OPTIND kabuğun ya "
-"da\n"
-" bir kabuk betiğinin her çağrılışında 1 ile ilklendirilir. Bir "
-"seçenek\n"
-" bir argüman gerektirdiğinde getopts argümanı OPTARG "
-"değişkenine\n"
+" Her çağrılışında getopts işlenecek sonraki argümanın indisini OPTIND\n"
+" kabuk değişkenine ve AD değişkenini de mevcut değilse ilklendirerek\n"
+" sonraki seçeneği $AD kabuk değişkenine yerleştirir. OPTIND kabuğun veya\n"
+" bir kabuk betiğinin her çağrılışında 1 ile ilklendirilir. Bir seçenek\n"
+" bir argüman gerektirdiğinde getopts argümanı OPTARG değişkenine\n"
" yerleştirir.\n"
" \n"
-" getopts hataları iki yolla raporlayabilir. Eğer SÇNDİZGESİnin "
-"ilk\n"
-" karakteri bir ':' ise sessiz hata raporlaması kullanılır. Bu "
-"kipte\n"
-" hiçbir hata iletisi basılmaz. Bir geçersiz seçenek saptanırsa "
-"getopt\n"
-" OPTARG'a bulunan seçenek karakterini yerleştirir. Bir gerekli "
-"argüman\n"
-" verilmemişse, getopts AD'a bir ':' yerleştirir. Getopts sessiz "
-"kipte\n"
-" değilse ve geçersiz bir seçenek görüldüğünde, getopts ? karakterini "
-"AD'a\n"
-" yerleştirir ve OPTARG değişkenini kaldırır. Eğer bir gerekli "
-"argüman\n"
-" bulunamazsa ve getopts sessiz kipte değilse AD'a ? "
-"karakteri\n"
+" getopts hataları iki yolla raporlayabilir. Eğer SÇNSİnin ilk\n"
+" karakteri bir ':' ise sessiz hata raporlaması kullanılır. Bu kipte\n"
+" hiçbir hata iletisi basılmaz. Bir geçersiz seçenek saptanırsa getopt\n"
+" OPTARG'a bulunan seçenek karakterini yerleştirir. Bir gerekli argüman\n"
+" verilmemişse getopts AD'a bir ':' yerleştirir. Getopts sessiz kipte\n"
+" değilse ve geçersiz bir seçenek görüldüğünde, getopts ? karakterini AD'a\n"
+" yerleştirir ve OPTARG değişkenini kaldırır. Eğer bir gerekli argüman\n"
+" bulunamazsa ve getopts sessiz kipte değilse AD'a ? karakteri\n"
" yerleştirilir, OPTARG kaldırılır ve bir tanı iletisi basılır.\n"
" \n"
-" OPTERR değişkeninin değeri 0 ise SÇNDİZGESİnin ilk karakteri bir "
-"':'\n"
-" olmasa bile hata iletileri gösterilmez. OPTERR değişkeninin "
-"öntanımlı\n"
+" OPTERR değişkeninin değeri 0 ise SÇNSİnin ilk karakteri bir ':'\n"
+" olmasa bile hata iletileri gösterilmez. OPTERR değişkeninin öntanımlı\n"
" değeri 1'dir.\n"
" \n"
-" Getopts normalde konumsal parametreleri ($0 - $9) çözümlese de "
-"başka\n"
+" Getopts normalde konumsal parametreleri ($0 - $9) çözümlese de başka\n"
" argümanlar verilmişse bunları çözümler.\n"
" \n"
" Çıktı Durumu:\n"
-" Bir seçenek bulunduğunda başarılı, seçenek sonuna gelindiğinde veya "
-"bir hata oluştuğunda başarısız döner.\n"
+" Bir seçenek bulunduğunda başarılı, seçenek sonuna gelindiğinde veya bir hata oluştuğunda başarısız döner.\n"
" encountered or an error occurs."
#: builtins.c:694
"Replace the shell with the given command.\n"
" \n"
" Execute COMMAND, replacing this shell with the specified program.\n"
-" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not "
-"specified,\n"
+" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not specified,\n"
" any redirections take effect in the current shell.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -c\texecute COMMAND with an empty environment\n"
" -l\tplace a dash in the zeroth argument to COMMAND\n"
" \n"
-" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, "
-"unless\n"
+" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, unless\n"
" the shell option `execfail' is set.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error "
-"occurs."
+" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Kabuğu verilen komutla değiştir.\n"
" \n"
" KOMUTU, belirtilen program ile değiştirerek çalıştır.\n"
-" ARGÜMANLAR, KOMUTUN argümanları olur. Eğer KOMUT belirtilmemişse, tüm\n"
+" ARGÜMANLAR, KOMUTUN argümanları olur. Eğer KOMUT belirtilmemişse tüm\n"
" yönlendirmeler geçerli kabukta uygulanır.\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
-" -a isim\tİSMİ, KOMUTun sıfırıncı argümanına ata\n"
+" -a ad\tAD'ı, KOMUT'un sıfırıncı argümanına ata\n"
" -c\tKOMUTu boş bir ortamla çalıştır\n"
" -l\tKOMUTun sıfırıncı argümanına bir çizgi koy\n"
" \n"
-" Eğer komut çalıştırılamıyorsa, `execfail' ayarlanmadığı sürece "
-"etkileşimsiz kabuk\n"
+" Eğer komut çalıştırılamıyorsa `execfail' ayarlanmadığı sürece etkileşimsiz kabuk\n"
" çıkış yapar.\n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
msgid ""
"Exit a login shell.\n"
" \n"
-" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not "
-"executed\n"
+" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not executed\n"
" in a login shell."
msgstr ""
"Oturum kabuğundan çık.\n"
msgid ""
"Display or execute commands from the history list.\n"
" \n"
-" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history "
-"list.\n"
+" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history list.\n"
" FIRST and LAST can be numbers specifying the range, or FIRST can be a\n"
" string, which means the most recent command beginning with that\n"
" string.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
-" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then "
-"EDITOR,\n"
+" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then EDITOR,\n"
" \t\tthen vi\n"
" -l \tlist lines instead of editing\n"
" -n\tomit line numbers when listing\n"
" the last command.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error "
-"occurs."
+" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error occurs."
msgstr ""
"Geçmiş listesindeki komutları görüntüle veya çalıştır\n"
" \n"
-" fc, komut geçmişi listesindeki komutları listelemek, düzenlemek "
-"ve\n"
-" yeniden çalıştırmak için kullanılır. İLK ve SON olarak numara "
-"vererek\n"
-" bir aralık belirtilebileceği gibi İLK bir dizge de olabilir, bu "
-"takdirde\n"
-" bu dizge ile başlayan en son komut anlamına gelir.\n"
+" fc, komut geçmişi listesindeki komutları listelemek, düzenlemek ve\n"
+" yeniden çalıştırmak için kullanılır. İLK ve SON olarak numara vererek\n"
+" bir aralık belirtilebileceği gibi İLK bir dizi de olabilir, bu takdirde\n"
+" bu dizi ile başlayan en son komut anlamına gelir.\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
" -e DÜZENLEYİCİ ile hangi düzenleyicinin kullanılacağı belirtilir.\n"
" r' yazarak en son komut çalıştırılabilir.\n"
" \n"
" Çıktı Durumu:\n"
-" Başarılı veya çalıştırılan komut durumu döndürülür; hata oluştuğunda "
-"sıfır harici değer döner."
+" Başarılı veya çalıştırılan komut durumu döndürülür; hata oluştuğunda sıfır harici değer döner."
#: builtins.c:764
msgid ""
msgid ""
"Move jobs to the background.\n"
" \n"
-" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if "
-"they\n"
-" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's "
-"notion\n"
+" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if they\n"
+" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion\n"
" of the current job is used.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless job control is not enabled or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-"İşi arkaplana taşı.\n"
+"İşi arka plana taşı.\n"
" \n"
" `&' ile başlatılmışçasına İŞ_BELİRTİMİni artalana yerleştirir.\n"
-" İŞ_BELİRTİMİ verilmemişse, iş belirtimi olarak o an ki iş "
-"kullanılır. \n"
+" İŞ_BELİRTİMİ verilmemişse iş belirtimi olarak o an ki iş kullanılır. \n"
" Çıktı Durumu:\n"
-" İş kontrolü etkin olmadığı veya bir hata oluşmadığı sürece başarılı "
-"döner."
+" İş denetimi etkin olmadığı veya bir hata oluşmadığı sürece başarılı döner."
#: builtins.c:793
msgid ""
"Remember or display program locations.\n"
" \n"
" Determine and remember the full pathname of each command NAME. If\n"
-" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is "
-"displayed.\n"
+" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is displayed.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -d\tforget the remembered location of each NAME\n"
#: builtins.c:818
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Display information about builtin commands.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Displays brief summaries of builtin commands. If PATTERN is\n"
+#| " specified, gives detailed help on all commands matching PATTERN,\n"
+#| " otherwise the list of help topics is printed.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Options:\n"
+#| " -d\toutput short description for each topic\n"
+#| " -m\tdisplay usage in pseudo-manpage format\n"
+#| " -s\toutput only a short usage synopsis for each topic matching\n"
+#| " \t\tPATTERN\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Arguments:\n"
+#| " PATTERN\tPattern specifiying a help topic\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Exit Status:\n"
+#| " Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is given."
msgid ""
"Display information about builtin commands.\n"
" \n"
" PATTERN\tPattern specifying a help topic\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is "
-"given."
+" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
"Dahili komutlar hakkında bilgi görüntüle.\n"
" \n"
-" Dahili komutların özetlerini görüntüler. Eğer DESEN belirtilmişse,\n"
-" DESEN ile eşleşen tüm komutlar hakkında ayrıntılı bilgi verir, aksi\n"
+" Dahili komutların özetlerini görüntüler. Eğer DİZGİ belirtilmişse\n"
+" DİZGİ ile eşleşen tüm komutlar hakkında ayrıntılı bilgi verir, aksi\n"
" halde, yardım konuları yazdırılır.\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
" -d\ther konu için kısa açıklama yazdır\n"
" -m\tkullanımı pseudo-man sayfası biçiminde yazdır\n"
-" -s\tsadece DESEN ile eşleşen konular için kısa kullanım\n"
+" -s\tyalnızca DİZGİ ile eşleşen konular için kısa kullanım\n"
" \t\tbilgisi yazdır\n"
" \n"
" Argümanlar:\n"
-" DESEN\tBir yardım konusunu belirten desen\n"
+" DİZGİ\tBir yardım konusunu belirten desen\n"
" \n"
" Çıktı Durumu:\n"
-" DESEN bulunmadığı veya geçersiz bir seçenek verilmediğinde başarılı "
-"döner."
+" DİZGİ bulunmadığı veya geçersiz bir seçenek verilmediğinde başarılı döner."
#: builtins.c:842
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Display or manipulate the history list.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Display the history list with line numbers, prefixing each modified\n"
+#| " entry with a `*'. An argument of N lists only the last N entries.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Options:\n"
+#| " -c\tclear the history list by deleting all of the entries\n"
+#| " -d offset\tdelete the history entry at position OFFSET.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " -a\tappend history lines from this session to the history file\n"
+#| " -n\tread all history lines not already read from the history file\n"
+#| " \t\tand append them to the history list\n"
+#| " -r\tread the history file and append the contents to the history\n"
+#| " \t\tlist\n"
+#| " -w\twrite the current history to the history file\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " -p\tperform history expansion on each ARG and display the result\n"
+#| " \t\twithout storing it in the history list\n"
+#| " -s\tappend the ARGs to the history list as a single entry\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " If FILENAME is given, it is used as the history file. Otherwise,\n"
+#| " if HISTFILE has a value, that is used, else ~/.bash_history.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " If the HISTTIMEFORMAT variable is set and not null, its value is used\n"
+#| " as a format string for strftime(3) to print the time stamp associated\n"
+#| " with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed otherwise.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Exit Status:\n"
+#| " Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs."
msgid ""
"Display or manipulate the history list.\n"
" \n"
" \n"
" If the HISTTIMEFORMAT variable is set and not null, its value is used\n"
" as a format string for strftime(3) to print the time stamp associated\n"
-" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed "
-"otherwise.\n"
+" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed otherwise.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs."
" \n"
" Seçeneksiz kullanıldığında komut geçmişi listesini satır numaraları ile\n"
" gösterir. Değişiklik yapılmış satırlarda numaralardan önce bir `*'\n"
-" vardır. Argüman olarak N belirtildiğinde sadece son N satır listelenir.\n"
+" vardır. Argüman olarak N belirtildiğinde yalnızca son N satır listelenir.\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
" -c\tkomut geçmişi listesini tüm girdilerini silerek temizler.\n"
" \tdepolamadan görüntüle\n"
" -s\tARGümanları geçmiş listesine tek bir girdi olarak ekle\n"
" \n"
-" DOSYAİSMİ verilmezse, HISTFILE değişkenindeki değer, o da yoksa\n"
+" DOSYAİSMİ verilmezse HISTFILE değişkenindeki değer, o da yoksa\n"
" ~/.bash_history dosyası kullanılır.\n"
" \n"
" HISTTIMEFORMAT kabuk değişkeni tanımlanmış ve anlamlı bir değere\n"
-" sahipse, değeri, gösterilen her geçmiş girdisi ile ilişkili zaman\n"
+" sahipse değeri, gösterilen her geçmiş girdisi ile ilişkili zaman\n"
" damgasını basacak olan strftime(3) işlevine biçim girdisi olur; aksi\n"
" takdirde hiç zaman damgası basılmaz. \n"
" Çıktı Durumu:\n"
-" Geçersiz bir seçenek girilmediği veya bir hata oluşmadığı takdirde "
-"başarılı döner."
+" Geçersiz bir seçenek girilmediği veya bir hata oluşmadığı takdirde başarılı döner."
#: builtins.c:879
msgid ""
" Seçenekler olmadan, tüm etkin görev durumları görüntülenir.\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
-" -l\tile normal bilgilere ek olarak süreç kimliklerini de (PID) "
-"listele\n"
-" -n\tile sadece kullanıcının durumları hakkında aldığı son uyarıdan\n"
+" -l\tile normal bilgilere ek olarak süreç kimliklerini de (PID) listele\n"
+" -n\tile yalnızca kullanıcının durumları hakkında aldığı son uyarıdan\n"
" \t\tberi durumları değişen işler hakkında bilgi gösterir.\n"
-" -p\tile işlerin sadece süreç kimliklerini listeler\n"
-" -r\tile sadece çalışmakta olan,\n"
-" -s\tile ise sadece durmuş olan işler listelenir.\n"
+" -p\tile işlerin yalnızca süreç kimliklerini listeler\n"
+" -r\tile yalnızca çalışmakta olan,\n"
+" -s\tile ise yalnızca durmuş olan işler listelenir.\n"
" \n"
-" -x seçeneği verilmişse, ARGümanlar ile belirtilen tüm iş belirtimleri,\n"
+" -x seçeneği verilmişse ARGümanlar ile belirtilen tüm iş belirtimleri,\n"
" işlerin süreç grup liderinin süreç grup kimliğine yerleştirilip KOMUT\n"
" çalıştırılır.\n"
" \n"
" Çıktı Durumu:\n"
-" Geçersiz bir seçenek girilmediği veya bir hata oluşmadığı takdirde "
-"başarılı döner.\n"
-" -x kullanılmışsa, KOMUTun çıkış durumu döndürülür."
+" Geçersiz bir seçenek girilmediği veya bir hata oluşmadığı takdirde başarılı döner.\n"
+" -x kullanılmışsa KOMUTun çıkış durumu döndürülür."
#: builtins.c:906
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Görevleri geçerli kabuktan kaldır.\n"
" \n"
-" Her İŞTANIMı argümanını etkin görevler tablosundan kaldırır. İŞTANIMı "
-"olmadan,\n"
+" Her İŞTANIMı argümanını etkin görevler tablosundan kaldırır. İŞTANIMı olmadan,\n"
" kabuk geçerli görev kavramını kullanır.\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
" -a\tİŞTANIMı belirtilmemişse tüm görevleri kaldır\n"
-" -h\ther İŞTANIMını işaretle, böylece kabul bir SIGHUP aldığında göreve "
-"SIGHUP\n"
+" -h\ther İŞTANIMını işaretle, böylece kabul bir SIGHUP aldığında göreve SIGHUP\n"
" \t\tgönderme\n"
-" -r\tsadece çalışan görevleri kaldırremove \n"
+" -r\tyalnızca çalışan görevleri kaldırremove \n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
" Geçersiz bir seçenek veya İŞTANIMı girilmedikçe başarılı döner."
" Seçenekler:\n"
" -s sig\tSİNYAL bir sinyal\n"
" -n sig\tSİNYAL bir sinyal numarası\n"
-" -l\t-l seçeneği ile sinyal isimleri listelenir.\n"
+" -l\t-l seçeneği ile sinyal adları listelenir.\n"
" \t\tArgümanlı -l seçeneğinde argümanların listelenecek\n"
-" sinyal isimlerinin numaraları olduğu varsayılır. \n"
+" sinyal adlarının numaraları olduğu varsayılır. \n"
" -L\t, -l anahtarının eş anlamlısıdır\n"
-" Kill iki sebepten dolayı bir kabuk yerleşiğidir: süreç kimlikleri yerine "
-"iş\n"
-" kimliklerinin kullanımını mümkün kılar ve eğer oluşturabileceğiniz "
-"süreç\n"
-" sayısı sınırını aşarsanız başka bir süreci öldürecek bir süreci "
-"başlatmak\n"
+" Kill iki sebepten dolayı bir kabuk yerleşiğidir: süreç kimlikleri yerine iş\n"
+" kimliklerinin kullanımını mümkün kılar ve eğer oluşturabileceğiniz süreç\n"
+" sayısı sınırını aşarsanız başka bir süreci öldürecek bir süreci başlatmak\n"
" zorunda kalmazsınız.\n"
" \n"
" Çıktı Durumu:\n"
-" Geçersiz bir seçenek belirtilmediği veya bir hata oluşmadığında başarılı "
-"döner."
+" Geçersiz bir seçenek belirtilmediği veya bir hata oluşmadığında başarılı döner."
#: builtins.c:949
msgid ""
" Evaluate each ARG as an arithmetic expression. Evaluation is done in\n"
" fixed-width integers with no check for overflow, though division by 0\n"
" is trapped and flagged as an error. The following list of operators is\n"
-" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are "
-"listed\n"
+" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are listed\n"
" in order of decreasing precedence.\n"
" \n"
" \tid++, id--\tvariable post-increment, post-decrement\n"
" \t&=, ^=, |=\tatamalar\n"
" \n"
" Kabuk değişkenleri terim olarak kullanılabilir. İfade içinde değişken\n"
-" ismi değeriyle değiştirilir (sabit genişlikli tamsayıya zorlanır).\n"
-" Bir kabuk değişkeni ifade içinde kullanılırken tamsayı niteliğinin\n"
+" adı değeriyle değiştirilir (sabit genişlikli tamsayıya zorlanır).\n"
+" Bir kabuk değişkeni ifade içinde kullanılırken tamsayı niteliğinin\n"
" etkinleştirilmesini gerektirmez.\n"
" \n"
" İşleçler öncelik sırasına göre değerlendirilir. Parantez içine alınmış\n"
"Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.\n"
" \n"
" Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD\n"
-" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with "
-"word\n"
+" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with word\n"
" splitting, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second\n"
" word to the second NAME, and so on, with any leftover words assigned to\n"
-" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as "
-"word\n"
+" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as word\n"
" delimiters.\n"
" \n"
-" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY "
-"variable.\n"
+" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY variable.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -a array\tassign the words read to sequential indices of the array\n"
" -n nchars\treturn after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting\n"
" \t\tfor a newline, but honor a delimiter if fewer than\n"
" \t\tNCHARS characters are read before the delimiter\n"
-" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, "
-"unless\n"
+" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, unless\n"
" \t\tEOF is encountered or read times out, ignoring any\n"
" \t\tdelimiter\n"
" -p prompt\toutput the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before\n"
" -u fd\tread from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times "
-"out\n"
-" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error "
-"occurs,\n"
+" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out\n"
+" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error occurs,\n"
" or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u."
msgstr ""
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns N, or failure if the shell is not executing a function or script."
msgstr ""
-"Bir kabuk fonksiyonundan dön.\n"
+"Bir kabuk işlevinden dön.\n"
" \n"
-" Bir fonksiyon veya kaynak betiğinin N ile belirtilen dönüş değeri ile\n"
-" çıkmasına neden olur. N girilmezse, dönüş durumu fonksiyon veya\n"
+" Bir işlev veya kaynak betiğinin N ile belirtilen dönüş değeri ile\n"
+" çıkmasına neden olur. N girilmezse dönüş durumu işlev veya\n"
" betikte çalıştırılmış en son komutun dönüş durumudur.\n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
-" N veya kabul bir fonksiyon ya da betik çalıştırmıyorsa başarısız döner."
+" N veya kabul bir işlev veya betik çalıştırmıyorsa başarısız döner."
#: builtins.c:1054
msgid ""
" physical same as -P\n"
" pipefail the return value of a pipeline is the status of\n"
" the last command to exit with a non-zero status,\n"
-" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero "
-"status\n"
+" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero status\n"
" posix change the behavior of bash where the default\n"
" operation differs from the Posix standard to\n"
" match the standard\n"
" by default when the shell is interactive.\n"
" -P If set, do not resolve symbolic links when executing commands\n"
" such as cd which change the current directory.\n"
-" -T If set, the DEBUG and RETURN traps are inherited by shell "
-"functions.\n"
+" -T If set, the DEBUG and RETURN traps are inherited by shell functions.\n"
" -- Assign any remaining arguments to the positional parameters.\n"
" If there are no remaining arguments, the positional parameters\n"
" are unset.\n"
"Kabuk seçenekleri ve konumsal parametrelerin değerlerini ata veya kaldır\n"
" \n"
" Kabuk nitelikleri veya konumsal parametre değerlerini değiştir veya\n"
-" kabuk değişkenlerinin isim ve değerlerini görüntüle.\n"
+" kabuk değişkenlerinin ad ve değerlerini görüntüle.\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
" -a Müteakip komutların ortamına aktarılmak üzere değiştirilen veya\n"
" oluşturulan işlev ve değişkenleri imler.\n"
-" -b Sonlandırılan artalan işlerin durumunun anında raporlanmasını "
-"sağlar.\n"
-" -e Bir komut sıfırdan farklı bir çıkış durumu ile çıkarsa anında "
-"çıkar.\n"
-" -f Dosya ismi üretimini (globbing) iptal eder.\n"
-" -h Çalıştırmak için aranan komutları bulur ve yerlerini hatırlar "
-"(hash).\n"
-" -k Atama deyimleri şeklindeki tüm argümanları komut isminden önce\n"
+" -b Sonlandırılan artalan işlerin durumunun anında raporlanmasını sağlar.\n"
+" -e Bir komut sıfırdan farklı bir çıkış durumu ile çıkarsa anında çıkar.\n"
+" -f Dosya adı üretimini (globbing) iptal eder.\n"
+" -h Çalıştırmak için aranan komutları bulur ve yerlerini hatırlar (hash).\n"
+" -k Atama deyimleri şeklindeki tüm argümanları komut adından önce\n"
" belirtmek yerine ortama yerleştirir.\n"
" -m İş denetimi etkinleştirilir.\n"
" -n Komutları okur ama onları çalıştırmaz.\n"
-" -o seçenek-ismi\n"
-" seçenek-ismi olarak aşağıdakilerden biri verildiğinde karşılığı\n"
+" -o seçenek-adı\n"
+" seçenek-adı olarak aşağıdakilerden biri verildiğinde karşılığı\n"
" olan seçenekler kullanılmış olur:\n"
" allexport -a ile aynı\n"
" braceexpand -B ile aynı\n"
" noclobber -C ile aynı\n"
" noexec -n ile aynı\n"
" noglob -f ile aynı\n"
-" nolog o an kabul edilir ama yoksayılır\n"
+" nolog o an kabul edilir ama yok sayılır\n"
" notify -b ile aynı\n"
" nounset -u ile aynı\n"
" onecmd -t ile aynı\n"
" physical -P ile aynı\n"
-" pipefail bir boruhattının dönüş değeri ya sıfırdan farklı "
-"bir\n"
-" durumla çıkan son (en sağdaki) komutun değeridir "
-"ya\n"
-" da boruhattındaki tüm komutlar başarılıysa "
-"sıfırdır\n"
-" posix Standart uyumu için POSIX 1003.2 "
-"standardındakinden\n"
-" farklı öntanımlı işlemde Bash davranışını "
-"değiştirir\n"
+" pipefail bir boru hattının dönüş değeri ya sıfırdan farklı bir\n"
+" durumla çıkan son (en sağdaki) komutun değeridir ya\n"
+" da boru hattındaki tüm komutlar başarılıysa sıfırdır\n"
+" posix Standart uyumu için POSIX 1003.2 standardındakinden\n"
+" farklı öntanımlı işlemde Bash davranışını değiştirir\n"
" privileged -p ile aynı\n"
" verbose -v ile aynı\n"
" vi vi tarzı bir satır düzenleme arayüzü kullanılır\n"
" xtrace -x ile aynı\n"
-" -p Ayrıcalıklı kipi etkinleştirir. Bu kipte, $BASH_ENV ve $ENV "
-"dosyaları\n"
+" -p Ayrıcalıklı kipi etkinleştirir. Bu kipte, $BASH_ENV ve $ENV dosyaları\n"
" işlenmez, kabuk işlevleri ortamdan miras alınmaz. Kabuk, gerçek\n"
" kullanıcı (grup) kimliği ile aynı olmayan etkin kullanıcı (grup)\n"
" kimliği ile başlatılmışsa ve -p seçeneği verilmemişse, bu eylemler\n"
" alınır ve etkin kullanıcı (grup) kimliği, gerçek kullanıcı (grup)\n"
" kimliğine ayarlanır. Başlatırken -p seçeneği verilmişse, etkin\n"
-" kullanıcı (grup) kimliği sıfırlanmaz. Bu seçeneğin kapatılması "
-"etkin\n"
-" kullanıcı ve grup kimliklerinin gerçek kullanıcı ve grup "
-"kimliklerine\n"
+" kullanıcı (grup) kimliği sıfırlanmaz. Bu seçeneğin kapatılması etkin\n"
+" kullanıcı ve grup kimliklerinin gerçek kullanıcı ve grup kimliklerine\n"
" ayarlanmasına sebep olur.\n"
" -t Tek bir komutu okuyup çalıştırdıktan sonra çıkar..\n"
" -u Parametre yorumlaması uygulanırken bir hata sonucu değişkenlerin\n"
" -T Etkinse DEBUG ve RETURN üstündeki tuzaklar kabuk işlevlerince\n"
" miras alınır.\n"
" -- Geri kalan argümanları konumsal parametrelere ata. Eğer kalan\n"
-" argüman yoksa, konumsal parametrelerin ataması kaldırılır.\n"
+" argüman yoksa konumsal parametrelerin ataması kaldırılır.\n"
" - Seçeneklerin sonunu belirtir. Kalan tüm argümanlar konumsal\n"
" parametrelere ayarlanır. -x ve -v seçenekleri kapatılır.\n"
"\n"
" -n\ttreat each NAME as a name reference and unset the variable itself\n"
" \t\trather than the variable it references\n"
" \n"
-" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that "
-"fails,\n"
+" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that fails,\n"
" tries to unset a function.\n"
" \n"
" Some variables cannot be unset; also see `readonly'.\n"
"Set export attribute for shell variables.\n"
" \n"
" Marks each NAME for automatic export to the environment of subsequently\n"
-" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before "
-"exporting.\n"
+" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before exporting.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -f\trefer to shell functions\n"
" \n"
" DOSYAİSMİndeki komutlar okunur ve çalıştırılır. DOSYAİSMİ içermiyorsa\n"
" DOSYAİSMİnin yerini bulmak için $PATH değişkeni kullanılır. Bash POSIX\n"
-" kipinde değilse ve $PATH içinde DOSYAİSMİ yoksa bulunulan dizine "
-"bakılır.\n"
-" Verilmiş ARGÜMANlar varsa, DOSYAİSMİ çalıştırılırken bunlar konumsal\n"
+" kipinde değilse ve $PATH içinde DOSYAİSMİ yoksa bulunulan dizine bakılır.\n"
+" Verilmiş ARGÜMANlar varsa DOSYAİSMİ çalıştırılırken bunlar konumsal\n"
" parametreler haline gelir. Aksi takdirde, konumsal parametreler\n"
" değiştirilmez.\n"
" \n"
" -x FILE True if the file is executable by you.\n"
" -O FILE True if the file is effectively owned by you.\n"
" -G FILE True if the file is effectively owned by your group.\n"
-" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last "
-"read.\n"
+" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last read.\n"
" \n"
" FILE1 -nt FILE2 True if file1 is newer than file2 (according to\n"
" modification date).\n"
" STRING1 != STRING2\n"
" True if the strings are not equal.\n"
" STRING1 < STRING2\n"
-" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 "
-"lexicographically.\n"
+" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 lexicographically.\n"
" STRING1 > STRING2\n"
" True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically.\n"
" \n"
msgstr ""
"Koşullu ifade değerlendir.\n"
" \n"
-" İFADEnin değerlendirilmesine bağlı olarak 0 (doğru) veya 1 (yanlış)\n"
-" durumu ile çıkar. İfadeler tek terimli ya da iki terimli olabilir.\n"
-" Tek terimli ifadeler çoğunlukla bir dosyanın durumunu saptamakta\n"
-" kullanılır. Dizge işleçleri ve sayısal karşılaştırma işleçleri de\n"
+" İFADE'nin değerlendirilmesine bağlı olarak 0 (doğru) veya 1 (yanlış)\n"
+" durumu ile çıkar. İfadeler tek terimli veya iki terimli olabilir.\n"
+" Tek terimli ifadeler çoğunlukla bir dosyanın durumunu saptamakta\n"
+" kullanılır. Dizi işleçleri ve sayısal karşılaştırma işleçleri de\n"
" vardır.\n"
" \n"
" Dosya işleçleri:\n"
" -h DOSYA DOSYA varsa ve bir sembolik bağ ise doğrudur.\n"
" -L DOSYA DOSYA varsa ve bir sembolik bağ ise doğrudur.\n"
" -k DOSYA DOSYA dosya varsa ve yapışkan biti 1 ise doğrudur.\n"
-" -p DOSYA DOSYA varsa ve bir isimli boru (FIFO) ise doğrudur.\n"
+" -p DOSYA DOSYA varsa ve bir adlı boru (FIFO) ise doğrudur.\n"
" -r DOSYA DOSYA varsa ve okuyabiliyorsanız doğrudur.\n"
" -s DOSYA DOSYA varsa ve uzunluğu sıfırdan büyükse doğrudur.\n"
" -S DOSYA DOSYA varsa ve bir soketse doğrudur.\n"
" -N DOSYA DOSYA varsa ve son okunduğundan beri değiştirilmişse\n"
" doğrudur.\n"
" \n"
-" DOSYA1 -nt DOSYA2 dosya1, dosya2'den değişiklik tarihine göre\n"
-" daha yeni ise ya da dosya1 mevcutken dosya2 yoksa\n"
-" doğrudur.\n"
+" DOSYA1 -nt DOSYA2 dosya1, dosya2'den değişiklik tarihine göre\n"
+" daha yeni ise veya dosya1 mevcutken dosya2 yoksa\n"
+" doğrudur.\n"
" \n"
-" DOSYA1 -ot DOSYA2 dosya1, dosya2 den daha eski ise ya da dosya2\n"
-" mevcutken dosya1 yoksa doğrudur.\n"
+" DOSYA1 -ot DOSYA2 dosya1, dosya2 den daha eski ise veya dosya2\n"
+" mevcutken dosya1 yoksa doğrudur.\n"
" \n"
-" DOSYA1 -ef DOSYA2 dosya1 ile dosya2 aynı aygıt ve aynı dosya "
-"düğümünü\n"
-" gösteriyorsa (ona sabit bağ ise) doğrudur.\n"
+" DOSYA1 -ef DOSYA2 dosya1 ile dosya2 aynı aygıt ve aynı dosya düğümünü\n"
+" gösteriyorsa (ona sabit bağ ise) doğrudur.\n"
" \n"
-" Dizge işleçleri:\n"
+" Dizi işleçleri:\n"
" \n"
-" -z DİZGE dizge uzunluğu sıfırsa doğrudur.\n"
+" -z dizi uzunluğu sıfırsa doğrudur.\n"
" \n"
-" -n DİZGE\n"
-" DİZGE dizge uzunluğu sıfırdan farklıysa doğrudur.\n"
+" -n \n"
+" dizi uzunluğu sıfırdan farklıysa doğrudur.\n"
" \n"
-" DİZGE1 = DİZGE2 dizgeler aynıysa doğrudur.\n"
-" DİZGE1 != DİZGE2 dizgeler aynı değilse doğrudur.\n"
-" DİZGE1 < DİZGE2 dizge1 yerele göre sıralamada dizge2'den\n"
+" 1 = DİZİ2 diziler aynıysa doğrudur.\n"
+" 1 != DİZİ2 diziler aynı değilse doğrudur.\n"
+" 1 < DİZİ2 dizi1 yerele göre sıralamada dizi2'den\n"
" önceyse doğrudur.\n"
-" DİZGE1 > DİZGE2 dizge1 yerele göre sıralamada dizge2'den\n"
+" 1 > DİZİ2 dizi1 yerele göre sıralamada dizi2'den\n"
" sonraysa doğrudur.\n"
" \n"
" Diğer işleçler:\n"
" \n"
" -o SEÇENEK Kabuk seçeneği SEÇENEK etkinse doğrudur.\n"
" -v DEĞŞ Kabuk DEĞŞ ayarlanmış ise true.\n"
-" -R DEĞŞ Kabuk DEĞŞ ayarlanmış ve bir isim referansı ise true\n"
+" -R DEĞŞ Kabuk DEĞŞ ayarlanmış ve bir ad referansı ise true\n"
" ! İFADE İFADE yanlışsa doğrudur.\n"
" İFADE1 -a İFADE2 İFADE1 ve İFADE2 her ikisi de doğruysa doğrudur.\n"
" İFADE1 -o İFADE2 İFADE1 veya İFADE2 doğruysa doğrudur.\n"
" \n"
-" arg1 İM arg2 Aritmetik sınamalar. İM bunlardan biri "
-"olmalıdır:\n"
+" arg1 İM arg2 Aritmetik sınamalar. İM bunlardan biri olmalıdır:\n"
" -eq, -ne, -lt, -le, -gt veya -ge.\n"
" \n"
-" Bir aritmetik ifadede ARG1 ve ARG2 arasında, aranan eşitlik, "
-"eşitsizlik,\n"
+" Bir aritmetik ifadede ARG1 ve ARG2 arasında, aranan eşitlik, eşitsizlik,\n"
" küçüklük, büyüklük, küçüklük veya eşitlik, büyüklük veya eşitlik varsa\n"
" ifadenin sonucu doğrudur. \n"
" Çıktı Durumu:\n"
-" Eğer İFADE true olursa başarılı, İFADE false ile sonuçlanırsa veya "
-"geçersiz\n"
+" Eğer İFADE true olursa başarılı, İFADE false ile sonuçlanırsa veya geçersiz\n"
" argümanda başarısız döner."
#: builtins.c:1343
msgid ""
"Display process times.\n"
" \n"
-" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of "
-"its\n"
+" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of its\n"
" child processes.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgid ""
"Trap signals and other events.\n"
" \n"
-" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives "
-"signals\n"
+" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives signals\n"
" or other conditions.\n"
" \n"
" ARG is a command to be read and executed when the shell receives the\n"
" value. If ARG is the null string each SIGNAL_SPEC is ignored by the\n"
" shell and by the commands it invokes.\n"
" \n"
-" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. "
-"If\n"
-" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. "
-"If\n"
-" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or "
-"a\n"
-" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A "
-"SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
-" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause "
-"the\n"
+" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. If\n"
+" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. If\n"
+" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or a\n"
+" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
+" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause the\n"
" shell to exit when the -e option is enabled.\n"
" \n"
-" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands "
-"associated\n"
+" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands associated\n"
" with each signal.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -l\tprint a list of signal names and their corresponding numbers\n"
" -p\tdisplay the trap commands associated with each SIGNAL_SPEC\n"
" \n"
-" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal "
-"number.\n"
+" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal number.\n"
" Signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. A\n"
" signal may be sent to the shell with \"kill -signal $$\".\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is "
-"given."
+" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is given."
msgstr ""
"\rtrap [-lp] [ARG SİNYAL ...]\n"
" ARGüman içindeki komutlar, kabuk SİNYAL sinyalini aldığında okunur ve\n"
-" çalıştırılır. ARGüman verilmezse (ve tek bir SİNYAL varsa) ya da `-'\n"
-" verilirse, belirtilen tüm sinyallere kabuk başlatıldığındaki değerleri\n"
-" yerleştirilir. ARGüman bir boş dizge ise her SİNYAL sinyali kabuk ve\n"
-" onu çağıran komutlar tarafından yoksayılır. Eğer SİNYAL 0 ya da EXIT\n"
+" çalıştırılır. ARGüman verilmezse (ve tek bir SİNYAL varsa) veya `-'\n"
+" verilirse belirtilen tüm sinyallere kabuk başlatıldığındaki değerleri\n"
+" yerleştirilir. ARGüman bir boş dizi ise her SİNYAL sinyali kabuk ve\n"
+" onu çağıran komutlar tarafından yok sayılır. Eğer SİNYAL 0 veya EXIT\n"
" ise ARGüman kabuk çıkarken çalıştırılır. Eğer SİNYAL olarak DEBUG\n"
-" verilmişse, ARGüman komutu her basit komuttan önce çalıştırılır. -p\n"
+" verilmişse ARGüman komutu her basit komuttan önce çalıştırılır. -p\n"
" seçeneği verilmişse trap, her SİNYAL ile ilişkili trap komutlarını\n"
-" gösterir. Hiç ARGüman verilmemişse veya sadece -p verilmişse, trap\n"
+" gösterir. Hiç ARGüman verilmemişse veya yalnızca -p verilmişse trap\n"
" her SİNYAL ile ilişkili komutların listesini basar. Her SİNYAL ya\n"
-" <signal.h> dosyasındaki bir sinyal ismi ya da bir sinyal numarası\n"
-" olarak verilmelidir. Sinyal isimleri harf büyüklüğüne duyarsızdır ve\n"
-" SIG öneki isteğe bağlıdır. -l seçeneği kabuğun sinyal isimlerini\n"
+" <signal.h> dosyasındaki bir sinyal adı veya bir sinyal numarası\n"
+" olarak verilmelidir. Sinyal adları harf büyüklüğüne duyarsızdır ve\n"
+" SIG öneki isteğe bağlıdır. -l seçeneği kabuğun sinyal adlarını\n"
" numaraları ile birlikte listelemesini sağlar. Kabuğa bir sinyal\n"
" göndermek isterseniz \"kill -SİGNAL $$\" sözdizimini kullanabilirsiniz."
" NAME\tCommand name to be interpreted.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not "
-"found."
+" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not found."
msgstr ""
#: builtins.c:1431
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Modify shell resource limits.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Provides control over the resources available to the shell and processes\n"
+#| " it creates, on systems that allow such control.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Options:\n"
+#| " -S\tuse the `soft' resource limit\n"
+#| " -H\tuse the `hard' resource limit\n"
+#| " -a\tall current limits are reported\n"
+#| " -b\tthe socket buffer size\n"
+#| " -c\tthe maximum size of core files created\n"
+#| " -d\tthe maximum size of a process's data segment\n"
+#| " -e\tthe maximum scheduling priority (`nice')\n"
+#| " -f\tthe maximum size of files written by the shell and its children\n"
+#| " -i\tthe maximum number of pending signals\n"
+#| " -k\tthe maximum number of kqueues allocated for this process\n"
+#| " -l\tthe maximum size a process may lock into memory\n"
+#| " -m\tthe maximum resident set size\n"
+#| " -n\tthe maximum number of open file descriptors\n"
+#| " -p\tthe pipe buffer size\n"
+#| " -q\tthe maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues\n"
+#| " -r\tthe maximum real-time scheduling priority\n"
+#| " -s\tthe maximum stack size\n"
+#| " -t\tthe maximum amount of cpu time in seconds\n"
+#| " -u\tthe maximum number of user processes\n"
+#| " -v\tthe size of virtual memory\n"
+#| " -x\tthe maximum number of file locks\n"
+#| " -P\tthe maximum number of pseudoterminals\n"
+#| " -T\tthe maximum number of threads\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Not all options are available on all platforms.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " If LIMIT is given, it is the new value of the specified resource; the\n"
+#| " special LIMIT values `soft', `hard', and `unlimited' stand for the\n"
+#| " current soft limit, the current hard limit, and no limit, respectively.\n"
+#| " Otherwise, the current value of the specified resource is printed. If\n"
+#| " no option is given, then -f is assumed.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -t, which is in seconds,\n"
+#| " -p, which is in increments of 512 bytes, and -u, which is an unscaled\n"
+#| " number of processes.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Exit Status:\n"
+#| " Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs."
msgid ""
"Modify shell resource limits.\n"
" \n"
-" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and "
-"processes\n"
+" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and processes\n"
" it creates, on systems that allow such control.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -p\tİletişim tüneli tamponunun boyu\n"
" -q\tPOSIX ileti kuyruklarındaki azami bayt miktarı\n"
" -r\tAzami anında çalıştırma zamanlaması önceliği\n"
-" -s\tYığıtın azami boyu\n"
+" -s\tYığının azami boyu\n"
" -t\tİşlemci zamanının saniye cinsinden azami miktarı\n"
" -u\tTek bir kullanıcının kullanabileceği azami süreç sayısı\n"
" -v\tBir sürecin kullanabileceği sanal belleğin azami miktarı\n"
" \n"
" Tüm seçenekler tüm platformlarda kullanılabilir olmayabilir.\n"
" \n"
-" SINIR verilmişse, belirtilen özkaynağın yeni değeridir; özel sınır\n"
+" SINIR verilmişse belirtilen özkaynağın yeni değeridir; özel sınır\n"
" değerleri mevcut donanımsal sınır için `hard', mevcut yazılımsal sınır\n"
" için `soft' ve sınırsız için `unlimited''dir. Aksi takdirde, belirtilen\n"
" özkaynak için mevcut değer gösterilir. Hiç seçenek verilmezse -f\n"
" için 512 baytlık blok sayısı olarak, -n ve -u için birimsiz, kalan\n"
" seçenekler için 1024 baytlık blok sayısı olarak belirtilmelidir. \n"
" Çıktı Durumu:\n"
-" Geçersiz bir seçenek girilmediği veya bir hata oluşmadığı takdirde "
-"başarılı döner."
+" Geçersiz bir seçenek girilmediği veya bir hata oluşmadığı takdirde başarılı döner."
#: builtins.c:1482
msgid ""
#: builtins.c:1502
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Wait for job completion and return exit status.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or a\n"
+#| " job specification, and reports its termination status. If ID is not\n"
+#| " given, waits for all currently active child processes, and the return\n"
+#| " status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all processes\n"
+#| " in that job's pipeline.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " If the -n option is supplied, waits for the next job to terminate and\n"
+#| " returns its exit status.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Exit Status:\n"
+#| " Returns the status of the last ID; fails if ID is invalid or an invalid\n"
+#| " option is given."
msgid ""
"Wait for job completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
-" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or "
-"a\n"
+" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or a\n"
" job specification, and reports its termination status. If ID is not\n"
" given, waits for all currently active child processes, and the return\n"
" status is zero. If ID is a job specification, waits for all processes\n"
" in that job's pipeline.\n"
" \n"
-" If the -n option is supplied, waits for a single job from the list of "
-"IDs,\n"
-" or, if no IDs are supplied, for the next job to complete and returns "
-"its\n"
+" If the -n option is supplied, waits for a single job from the list of IDs,\n"
+" or, if no IDs are supplied, for the next job to complete and returns its\n"
" exit status.\n"
" \n"
" If the -p option is supplied, the process or job identifier of the job\n"
" for which the exit status is returned is assigned to the variable VAR\n"
-" named by the option argument. The variable will be unset initially, "
-"before\n"
+" named by the option argument. The variable will be unset initially, before\n"
" any assignment. This is useful only when the -n option is supplied.\n"
" \n"
" If the -f option is supplied, and job control is enabled, waits for the\n"
msgstr ""
"Sürecin tamamlanmasını bekle ve çıkış durumunu döndür.\n"
" \n"
-" Belirtilen süreci bekler ve sonlandırma durumunu raporlar. Eğer ID "
-"verilmemişse\n"
-" geçerli tüm alt süreçler beklenir ve dönüş kodu sıfırdır. Eğer ID bir "
-"görev tanımıysa\n"
+" Belirtilen süreci bekler ve sonlandırma durumunu raporlar. Eğer ID verilmemişse\n"
+" geçerli tüm alt süreçler beklenir ve dönüş kodu sıfırdır. Eğer ID bir görev tanımıysa\n"
" görevin iletişim tünelindeki tüm süreçler beklenir.\n"
" \n"
-" -n seçeneği verilirse, sonraki görevin sonlanması beklenir ve çıkış "
-"durumunı döndürür.\n"
+" -n seçeneği verilirse sonraki görevin sonlanması beklenir ve çıkış durumunı döndürür.\n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
-" Kimlik durumunu döndürür, kimlik geçersizse veya geçersiz bir seçenek "
-"verilmişse\n"
+" Kimlik durumunu döndürür, kimlik geçersizse veya geçersiz bir seçenek verilmişse\n"
" başarısız olur."
#: builtins.c:1533
msgid ""
"Wait for process completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
-" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination "
-"status.\n"
+" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination status.\n"
" If PID is not given, waits for all currently active child processes,\n"
" and the return status is zero. PID must be a process ID.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an "
-"invalid\n"
+" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an invalid\n"
" option is given."
msgstr ""
"Sürecin tamamlanmasını bekle ve çıkış durumunu döndür.\n"
" \n"
-" PID tarafından belirtilen her süreci bekler ve sonlandırma durumunu "
-"raporlar.\n"
-" Eğer PID verilmemişse geçerli tüm alt süreçler beklenir ve dönüş kodu "
-"sıfırdır.\n"
+" PID tarafından belirtilen her süreci bekler ve sonlandırma durumunu raporlar.\n"
+" Eğer PID verilmemişse geçerli tüm alt süreçler beklenir ve dönüş kodu sıfırdır.\n"
" PID bir süreç kimliği olmalıdır.\n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
-" Son PID'nin durumunu döndürür, PID geçersizse veya geçersiz bir seçenek "
-"verilmişse\n"
+" Son PID'nin durumunu döndürür, PID geçersizse veya geçersiz bir seçenek verilmişse\n"
" başarısız olur."
#: builtins.c:1548
msgstr ""
"Bir listedeki her üye için komut çalıştır.\n"
" \n"
-" `for' döngüsü bir öge listesindeki her üye için komut sırasını "
-"çalıştırır.\n"
-" Eğer `in KELİMELER ...;' belirtilmemişse `in \"$@\"' varsayılır. "
-"KELİMELER\n"
-" içerisindeki her eleman için, İSİM bu elemana atanır ve KOMUTLAR "
-"çalıştırılır.\n"
+" `for' döngüsü bir öge listesindeki her üye için komut sırasını çalıştırır.\n"
+" Eğer `in SÖZCÜKLER ...;' belirtilmemişse `in \"$@\"' varsayılır. SÖZCÜKLER\n"
+" içerisindeki her eleman için, AD bu elemana atanır ve KOMUTLAR çalıştırılır.\n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
" Son çalıştırılan komutun durumunu döndürür."
" \t\tKOMUTLAR\n"
" \t\t(( İFADE3 ))\n"
" \tdone\n"
-" İFADE1, İFADE2 ve İFADE3 aritmetik ifadelerdir. Eğer ifadelerden biri "
-"yoksa\n"
+" İFADE1, İFADE2 ve İFADE3 aritmetik ifadelerdir. Eğer ifadelerden biri yoksa\n"
" 1'e değerlendirilmiş şekilde davranır.\n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns the status of the last command executed."
msgstr ""
-"Listeden kelimeleri seç ve komutları çalıştır.\n"
-" \n"
-" `SÖZ ...;' listesi yorumlanarak öğe listesi üretilir. Öğe "
-"listesindeki\n"
-" her öğenin başına bir numara eklenerek standart hataya çıktılanır. "
-"Eğer\n"
-" `in SÖZ ... ;' parçası verilmezse, in \"$@\"' verilmiş gibi konuma "
-"bağlı\n"
-" parametreler basılır ve standart girdide PS3 istemi ile girdi "
-"beklenir.\n"
-" Listede belirtilen numaralardan biri girdi olarak verilirse, o "
-"konuma\n"
-" bağlı SÖZcük ile AD eşleştirilir. Girdi satırı boş verilirse, "
-"dosyasonu\n"
-" okununcaya kadar komut istemi tekrarlanır. Listede belirtilenler "
-"dışında\n"
-" verilen her değer için AD null ile eşleştirilir. Okunan satır "
-"$REPLY\n"
+"Listeden sözcükleri seç ve komutları çalıştır.\n"
+" \n"
+" `SÖZ ...;' listesi yorumlanarak öğe listesi üretilir. Öğe listesindeki\n"
+" her öğenin başına bir numara eklenerek standart hataya çıktılanır. Eğer\n"
+" `in SÖZ ... ;' parçası verilmezse in \"$@\"' verilmiş gibi konuma bağlı\n"
+" parametreler basılır ve standart girdide PS3 istemi ile girdi beklenir.\n"
+" Listede belirtilen numaralardan biri girdi olarak verilirse o konuma\n"
+" bağlı SÖZcük ile AD eşleştirilir. Girdi satırı boş verilirse dosyasonu\n"
+" okununcaya kadar komut istemi yinelenir. Listede belirtilenler dışında\n"
+" verilen her değer için AD null ile eşleştirilir. Okunan satır $REPLY\n"
" değişkeninde tutulur. Her seçimden sonra bir break komutu ile\n"
" sonlandırılıncaya kadar komutlar çalıştırılır.\n"
" \n"
msgstr ""
"Veriyolu çalıştırması tarafından harcanan zamanı bildir.\n"
" \n"
-" VERİYOLUnu çalıştır ve sonlandığında kullanıcı işlemci zamanı ile "
-"sistem\n"
+" VERİYOLUnu çalıştır ve sonlandığında kullanıcı işlemci zamanı ile sistem\n"
" işlemci zamanını içeren gerçek zamanın bir özetini yazdır.\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
msgid ""
"Execute commands based on conditional.\n"
" \n"
-" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then "
-"the\n"
-" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list "
-"is\n"
+" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then the\n"
+" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list is\n"
" executed in turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding\n"
-" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. "
-"Otherwise,\n"
-" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of "
-"the\n"
-" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or "
-"zero\n"
+" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. Otherwise,\n"
+" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of the\n"
+" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or zero\n"
" if no condition tested true.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
msgstr ""
"Komutları şartlara göre çalıştırır.\n"
" \n"
-" `if KOMUTlar;' listesi çalıştırılır; çıkış durumu sıfırsa\n"
-" `then KOMUTlar;' listesi çalıştırılır, değilse `elif KOMUTlar;'\n"
-" listesi çalıştırılır; bunun çıkış durumu sıfırsa `then KOMUTlar;'\n"
+" `if KOMUTLAR;' listesi çalıştırılır; çıkış durumu sıfırsa\n"
+" `then KOMUTLAR;' listesi çalıştırılır, değilse `elif KOMUTLAR;'\n"
+" listesi çalıştırılır; bunun çıkış durumu sıfırsa `then KOMUTLAR;'\n"
" listesi çalıştırılır ve if komutu tamamlanır, değilse varsa\n"
-" `else KOMUTlar;' listesi çalıştırılır ve if komutu tamamlanır.\n"
+" `else KOMUTLAR;' listesi çalıştırılır ve if komutu tamamlanır.\n"
" Oluşumun tamamının dönüş durumu çalıştırılmış olan son komutun\n"
" çıkış durumudur. Bir komut çalıştırılmamışsa ve hiçbir koşul\n"
" doğru sonuç vermemişse sıfır döner. Çıkış Durumu:\n"
msgstr ""
"Bir sınama başarısız oluncaya kadar komutları çalıştır.\n"
" \n"
-" `until KOMUTlar; listesinin çıkış durumu sıfırdan farklı olduğu sürece\n"
-" `do KOMUTlar;' listesi çalıştırılır.\n"
+" `until KOMUTLAR; listesinin çıkış durumu sıfırdan farklı olduğu sürece\n"
+" `do KOMUTLAR;' listesi çalıştırılır.\n"
" \n"
" Çıktı Durumu:\n"
" Son çalıştırılan komutun durumunu döndürür."
"Define shell function.\n"
" \n"
" Create a shell function named NAME. When invoked as a simple command,\n"
-" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is "
-"invoked,\n"
+" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is invoked,\n"
" the arguments are passed to the function as $1...$n, and the function's\n"
" name is in $FUNCNAME.\n"
" \n"
msgstr ""
"Komutları bir birim olarak grupla.\n"
" \n"
-" KOMUTlar bir grup olarak çalıştırılır. Bu, bir komut kümesini bir\n"
+" KOMUTLAR bir grup olarak çalıştırılır. Bu, bir komut kümesini bir\n"
" yönlendirmede kullanmanın tek yoludur.\n"
" \n"
" Çıktı Durumu:\n"
" \n"
" `fg' komutunu İŞ_BELİRTİMİ argümanı ile kullanmaya eşdeğerdir.\n"
" Durmuş veya artalandaki bir işin önalanda sürdürülmesini sağlar.\n"
-" İŞ_BELİRTİMİ bir iş ismi veya iş numarası olarak belirtilebilir.\n"
+" İŞ_BELİRTİMİ bir iş adı veya iş numarası olarak belirtilebilir.\n"
" İŞ_BELİRTİMİ'nden sonra bir & gelmesi işin `bg' komutununa argüman\n"
" olarak kullanılmış gibi artalana yerleştirilmesine sebep olur.\n"
" \n"
#: builtins.c:1726
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Evaluate arithmetic expression.\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " The EXPRESSION is evaluated according to the rules for arithmetic\n"
+#| " evaluation. Equivalent to \"let EXPRESSION\".\n"
+#| " \n"
+#| " Exit Status:\n"
+#| " Returns 1 if EXPRESSION evaluates to 0; returns 0 otherwise."
msgid ""
"Evaluate arithmetic expression.\n"
" \n"
msgid ""
"Execute conditional command.\n"
" \n"
-" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the "
-"conditional\n"
-" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries "
-"used\n"
-" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following "
-"operators:\n"
+" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the conditional\n"
+" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries used\n"
+" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following operators:\n"
" \n"
" ( EXPRESSION )\tReturns the value of EXPRESSION\n"
" ! EXPRESSION\t\tTrue if EXPRESSION is false; else false\n"
msgstr ""
"Koşullu komut çalıştır.\n"
" \n"
-" Koşullu İFADEnin değerine bağlı olarak 0 ya da 1 durumu ile döner.\n"
-" İfadeler test yerleşiği tarafından kullanılan aynı ilkelerle "
-"oluşturulur\n"
+" Koşullu İFADE'nin değerine bağlı olarak 0 veya 1 durumu ile döner.\n"
+" İfadeler test yerleşiği tarafından kullanılan aynı ilkelerle oluşturulur\n"
" ve aşağıdaki işleçler kullanılarak biraraya getirilebilirler:\n"
"\n"
-" ( İFADE ) İFADEnin değeri döner\n"
+" ( İFADE ) İFADE'nin değeri döner\n"
" ! İFADE İFADE yanlışsa doğru, doğruysa yanlıştır.\n"
" İFADE1 && İFADE2 İFADE1 ve İFADE2 her ikisi de doğruysa doğrudur\n"
" İFADE1 || İFADE2 İFADE1 veya İFADE2 doğruysa doğrudur\n"
"\n"
-" `==' ve `!=' işleçleri kullanıldığında, işlecin sağındaki dizge bir "
-"kalıp\n"
+" `==' ve `!=' işleçleri kullanıldığında, işlecin sağındaki dizi bir kalıp\n"
" olarak ele alınır ve kalıp eşleştirmesi uygulanır. `=~' kullanıldığında\n"
-" işlecin sağındaki dizge düzenli ifade olarak eşleştirilir. \n"
-" İFADE1, ifadenin değeri için tek başına yeterli ise && ve || İFADE2'yi\n"
-" çalıştırmaz.\n"
-" \n"
-" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
-" İFADE değerine göre 0 veya 1."
+" işlecin sağındaki dizi düzenli ifade olarak eşleştirilir.\n"
+" İFADE1, ifadenin değeri için tek başına yeterli ise && ve || İFADE2'yi\n"
+" çalıştırmaz.\n"
+" \n"
+" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
+" İFADE değerine göre 0 veya 1."
#: builtins.c:1764
msgid ""
" BASH_VERSION\tBu Bash'in sürüm bilgisi.\n"
" CDPATH\t`cd'ye argüman olarak verilecek dizinlerin aranacağı\n"
" \t\tdizinlerin iki nokta imi ayraçlı listesi.\n"
-" GLOBIGNORE\tDosyayolu yorumlaması tarafından yoksayılacak dosya\n"
-" \t\tisimlerini belirten kalıpların ikinokta imi ayraçlı\n"
+" GLOBIGNORE\tDosyayolu yorumlaması tarafından yok sayılacak dosya\n"
+" \t\tadlarını belirten kalıpların ikinokta imi ayraçlı\n"
" \t\tlistesi.\n"
-" HISTFILE\tKomut geçmişinizin saklanacağı dosyanın ismi.\n"
+" HISTFILE\tKomut geçmişinizin saklanacağı dosyanın adı.\n"
" HISTFILESIZE\tBu dosyanın içerebileceği azami satır sayısı.\n"
" HISTSIZE\tÇalışan bir kabuğun erişebileceği geçmiş satırlarının\n"
" \t\tazami sayısı.\n"
" HOME\tKullanıcının ev dizininin tam yolu.\n"
-" HOSTNAME\tMakinenizin ağdaki konak ismi.\n"
+" HOSTNAME\tMakinenizin ağdaki konak adı.\n"
" HOSTTYPE\tBash'in bu sürümünün altında çalıştığı işlemcinin türü\n"
" IGNOREEOF\tTek girdi olarak EOF karakteri alındığında kabuğun\n"
-" \t\teylemini kontrol eder. Atandığında değeri, kabuk\n"
+" \t\teylemini denetler. Atandığında değeri, kabuk\n"
" \t\tçıkmadan önce bir girdi satırındaki ilk karakter\n"
" \t\tolarak okunabilen ardışık EOF karakterlerinin sayısını\n"
-" \t\tgösterir (öntanımlı 10). Eğer değişken mevcut değilse,\n"
+" \t\tgösterir (öntanımlı 10). Eğer değişken mevcut değilse\n"
" \t\tEOF girdi sonunu belirtir.\n"
-" MACHTYPE\tBash'in üzerinde çalıştığı sistemi açıklayan dizge.\n"
+" MACHTYPE\tBash'in üzerinde çalıştığı sistemi açıklayan dizi.\n"
" MAILCHECK\tBash'in yeni postaya kaç saniyede bir bakacağı.\n"
" MAILPATH\tBash'in yeni posta var mı diye bakacağı dosya\n"
-" \t\tisimlerinin ikinokta imi ayraçlı listesi.\n"
+" \t\tad ikinokta imi ayraçlı listesi.\n"
" OSTYPE\tBash'in üzerinde çalıştığı çekirdeğin türü.\n"
" PATH\tKomutları ararken bakılacak dizinlerin ikinokta imi\n"
" \t\tayraçlı listesi.\n"
" PROMPT_COMMAND\tBirincil komut istemi ($PS1) basılmadan önce\n"
" \t\tçalıştırılacak komut\n"
-" PS1\tBirincil komut istemi dizgesi.\n"
-" PS2\tİkincil komut istemi dizgesi.\n"
+" PS1\tBirincil komut istemi dizisi.\n"
+" PS2\tİkincil komut istemi dizisi.\n"
" PWD\tÇalışma dizininizin tam yolu.\n"
" SHELLOPTS\tEtkin kabuk seçeneklerinin ikinokta imi ayraçlı listesi\n"
-" TERM\tGeçerli uçbirim türünün ismi.\n"
+" TERM\tGeçerli uçbirim türünün adı.\n"
" TIMEFORMAT\ttime anahtar sözcüğü ile başlayan zamanlama bilgisinin\n"
-" \t\tnasıl belirtileceğini gösteren biçim dizgesi.\n"
-" auto_resume\tDeğerin boş olmaması durmuş işin isminin onu\n"
+" \t\tnasıl belirtileceğini gösteren biçim dizisi.\n"
+" auto_resume\tDeğerin boş olmaması durmuş işin adının onu\n"
" \t\tbaşlatmakta kullanılan komut satırı olduğudur ve\n"
" \t\toradaysa iş önalana alınır. `exact' değeri, komut\n"
" \t\tsözcüğünün durmuş işler listesindeki komutla tam\n"
" \t\tolarak eşleşmesi gerektiği anlamına gelir. `substring'\n"
-" \t\tdeğeri, komut sözcüğünün işin bir altdizgesi ile\n"
+" \t\tdeğeri, komut sözcüğünün işin bir altdizisi ile\n"
" \t\teşleşmesi gerektiğini belirtir. Bunlar dışında bir\n"
" \t\tdeğer komutun durmuş bir işe önek olması gerektiği\n"
" \t\tanlamına gelir.\n"
" \t\tyorumlama karakteridir ve normalde ! işaretidir.\n"
" \t\tİkinci karakter, bir satırdaki ilk karakter olduğunda\n"
" \t\t`hızlı ikame'yi imleyen karakterdir ve normalde ^\n"
-" \t\timidir. İstemlik olan üçüncü karakter ise, bir\n"
+" \t\timidir. İstemlik olan üçüncü karakter ise bir\n"
" \t\tsözcüğün ilk karakteri olarak bulunduğunda satırın\n"
" \t\tkalanının açıklama olmasını sağlayan karakterdir ve\n"
" \t\tnormalde # imidir.\n"
msgstr ""
"Dizinleri yığına ekle.\n"
" \n"
-" Dizin yığıtının en üstüne bir dizin ekler, ya da geçerli çalışma\n"
-" dizini yığıtın tepesine gelecek şekilde yığıtı döndürür. Hiç\n"
+" Dizin yığınının en üstüne bir dizin ekler veya geçerli çalışma\n"
+" dizini yığının tepesine gelecek şekilde yığını döndürür. Hiç\n"
" argüman verilmemişse en üstteki iki dizini yer değiştirir.\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
-" -n\tdizinleri yığıta eklerken normal dizin değişikliğini engeller,\n"
-" \t\tböylece sadece yığıt değiştirilmiş olur.\n"
+" -n\tdizinleri yığına eklerken normal dizin değişikliğini engeller,\n"
+" \t\tböylece yalnızca yığın değiştirilmiş olur.\n"
" \n"
" Argümanlar:\n"
" +N\t(`dirs' tarafından gösterilen listenin solundan saymaya\n"
" \t\tsıfırla başlandığında) N'inci dizin tepeye gelecek şekilde\n"
-" \t\tyığıtı döndürür.\n"
+" \t\tyığını döndürür.\n"
" \n"
" -N\t(`dirs' tarafından gösterilen listenin sağından saymaya\n"
" \t\tsıfırla başlandığında) N'inci dizin tepeye gelecek şekilde\n"
-" \t\tyığıtı döndürür.\n"
+" \t\tyığını döndürür.\n"
" \n"
-" dizin\tDİZİNi yeni çalışma dizini yaparak dizin yığıtının\n"
+" dizin\tDİZİNi yeni çalışma dizini yaparak dizin yığınının\n"
" \t\ttepesine ekler.\n"
" \n"
-" Dizin yığıtını `dirs' komutuyla görebilirsiniz.\n"
+" Dizin yığınını `dirs' komutuyla görebilirsiniz.\n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
" Geçersiz bir argüman belirtilmediği veya dizin değişikliği başarısız\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid argument is supplied or the directory\n"
" change fails."
msgstr ""
-"Dizin yığıtından girdileri sil.\n"
+"Dizin yığınından girdileri sil.\n"
" \n"
-" Dizin yığıtından girdileri siler. Hiç argüman verilmemişse,\n"
-" yığıtın en üstündeki dizini yığıttan kaldırır ve yığıtın\n"
+" Dizin yığınından girdileri siler. Hiç argüman verilmemişse\n"
+" yığının en üstündeki dizini yığından kaldırır ve yığının\n"
" tepesinde kalan dizine geçer. \n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
-" -n\tdizinleri yığıttan silerken normal dizin değişikliğini\n"
-" \t\tengeller, böylece sadece yığıt değiştirilmiş olur. \n"
+" -n\tdizinleri yığından silerken normal dizin değişikliğini\n"
+" \t\tengeller, böylece yalnızca yığın değiştirilmiş olur. \n"
" \n"
" Argümanlar:\n"
" +N\t\t`dirs' tarafından gösterilen listenin solundan saymaya\n"
" \t\tsıfırla başlandığında N'inci girdiyi siler. Örneğin,\n"
" \t\t`popd -0' son dizini `popd -1' sonuncudan öncekini siler. \n"
" \n"
-" Dizin yığıtını `dirs' komutuyla görebilirsiniz. \n"
+" Dizin yığınını `dirs' komutuyla görebilirsiniz.\n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
" Geçersiz bir argüman belirtilmediği veya dizin değişikliği başarısız\n"
" olmadıkça başarılı döner."
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-"Dizin yığıtını görüntüle.\n"
+"Dizin yığınını görüntüle.\n"
" \n"
" O an anımsanan dizinleri listeler. Dizinler listeye `pushd'\n"
" komutuyla eklenir; listeden tek tek geri almak içinse `popd'\n"
" komutu kullanılır.\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
-" -c\ttüm girdileri silerek dizin yığıtını boşaltır.\n"
+" -c\ttüm girdileri silerek dizin yığınını boşaltır.\n"
" -l\t`dirs'in dizinleri ev dizininize göreli kısayollar\n"
" \t\tolarak göstermemesine yol açar.\n"
-" -p\tyığıttaki konumu göstermemesi dışında aynı çıktıyı verir.\n"
-" -v\t`dirs'in dizin yığıtını dizin adının önüne yığıt konumunu\n"
+" -p\tyığıntaki konumu göstermemesi dışında aynı çıktıyı verir.\n"
+" -v\t`dirs'in dizin yığınını dizin adının önüne yığın konumunu\n"
" \t\tekleyerek her satırda bir girdi göstermesini sağlar.\n"
" \n"
" Argümanlar:\n"
" \t\tsıfırla başlayarak sayılan N'inci girdiyi gösterir.\n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
-" Geçersiz seçenek belirtilmediği veya bir hata oluşmadığı sürece başarılı "
-"döner."
+" Geçersiz seçenek belirtilmediği veya bir hata oluşmadığı sürece başarılı döner."
#: builtins.c:1916
msgid ""
" -v var\tassign the output to shell variable VAR rather than\n"
" \t\tdisplay it on the standard output\n"
" \n"
-" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: "
-"plain\n"
-" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character "
-"escape\n"
+" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: plain\n"
+" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character escape\n"
" sequences, which are converted and copied to the standard output; and\n"
-" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next "
-"successive\n"
+" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next successive\n"
" argument.\n"
" \n"
-" In addition to the standard format specifications described in "
-"printf(1),\n"
+" In addition to the standard format specifications described in printf(1),\n"
" printf interprets:\n"
" \n"
" %b\texpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding argument\n"
" %q\tquote the argument in a way that can be reused as shell input\n"
-" %(fmt)T\toutput the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a "
-"format\n"
+" %(fmt)T\toutput the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a format\n"
" \t string for strftime(3)\n"
" \n"
" The format is re-used as necessary to consume all of the arguments. If\n"
" there are fewer arguments than the format requires, extra format\n"
-" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as "
-"appropriate,\n"
+" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as appropriate,\n"
" had been supplied.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or "
-"assignment\n"
+" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or assignment\n"
" error occurs."
msgstr ""
-"BİÇİMin denetimi altında ARGümanları standart çıktıya biçimleyerek "
-"yazar\n"
+"BİÇİM'in denetimi altında ARGÜMAN'ları biçimleyerek yazdırır\n"
" \n"
" Seçenekler:\n"
" -v değişken\tseçeneği çıktının standart çıktıya\n"
-" \t\tbasılması yerine DEĞİŞKENe atanmasını sağlar.\n"
+" \t\t\tbasılması yerine DEĞİŞKEN'e atanmasını sağlar.\n"
" \n"
-" BİÇİM üç tür nesne içeren bir dizgedir: salt karakterler\n"
-" basitçe standart çıktıya kopyalanır, öncelenmiş karakterler\n"
-" dönüştürülüp standart çıktıya kopyalanır ve biçim belirtimleri;\n"
-" belirtimlerin her biri sırayla karşı düşen ARGümanların basılmasını\n"
-" sağlar.\n"
+" BİÇİM, üç tür nesne içeren bir dizidir: Salt karakterler basitçe\n"
+" standart çıktıya kopyalanır, öncelenmiş karakterler dönüştürülüp\n"
+" standart çıktıya kopyalanır ve biçim belirtimleri; belirtimlerin\n"
+" her biri sırayla karşı düşen argümanların basılmasını sağlar.\n"
" \n"
-" Standart printf(1) biçimlerine ek olarak, printf aşağıdakileri de "
-"yorumlar:\n"
+" Standart printf(1) biçimlerine ek olarak, printf şunları da yorumlar:\n"
" \n"
-" %b\ttersbölü öncelemeli karakterlerin karşı düşen ARGümanda "
-"yorumlanmasını sağlar\n"
-" %q\tARGümanın kabuk girdisi olarak kullanılabilecek biçimde "
-"kullanılabilmesi\n"
+" %b\ttersbölü öncelemeli karakterlerin karşı düşen argümanda yorumlar\n"
+" %q\tagrgümanın kabuk girdisi olarak kullanılabilecek biçimde biçimler\n"
" \t\tiçin alıntılar.\n"
-" %(fmt)T\tstrftime(3) için bir biçim dizgesi olarak FMT tarafından "
-"kullanılmak üzere\n"
-" \t\ttarih zaman dizgesi çıktısısı verir\n"
+" %(fmt)T\tstrftime(3) için bir biçim dizisi olarak FMT tarafından\n"
+" \t\tkullanılmak üzere tarih zaman dizisi çıktısısı verir\n"
" \n"
-" Biçim argümanların tümünün kullanılabilmesi için gerektiğinde yeniden "
-"kullanılır.\n"
-" Biçimin gerektirdiğinden daha az argüman varsa, ek biçim tanımlamaları "
-"uygun olduğu\n"
-" şekilde sıfır değeri veya BOŞ (null) dizge değeri olarak davranırlar.\n"
+" Biçim argümanların tümünün kullanılabilmesi için gerektiğinde yeniden\n"
+" kullanılır. Biçimin gerektirdiğinden daha az argüman varsa ek biçim\n"
+" tanımlamaları uygun olduğu şekilde sıfır değeri veya BOŞ (null) dizi\n"
+" değeri olarak davranırlar.\n"
" \n"
" Çıkış Durumu:\n"
-" Geçersiz bir seçenek belirtilmediği veya yazılmadığı takdirde ya da bir "
-"atama\n"
-" hatası oluşmadığı sürece başarılı döner."
+" Geçersiz bir seçenek belirtilmediği veya yazılmadığı takdirde veya bir\n"
+" atama hatası oluşmadığı sürece başarılı döner."
#: builtins.c:1971
msgid ""
"Specify how arguments are to be completed by Readline.\n"
" \n"
-" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no "
-"options\n"
-" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way "
-"that\n"
+" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no options\n"
+" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way that\n"
" allows them to be reused as input.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \t\tcommand) word\n"
" \n"
" When completion is attempted, the actions are applied in the order the\n"
-" uppercase-letter options are listed above. If multiple options are "
-"supplied,\n"
-" the -D option takes precedence over -E, and both take precedence over -"
-"I.\n"
+" uppercase-letter options are listed above. If multiple options are supplied,\n"
+" the -D option takes precedence over -E, and both take precedence over -I.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs."
"Display possible completions depending on the options.\n"
" \n"
" Intended to be used from within a shell function generating possible\n"
-" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches "
-"against\n"
+" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches against\n"
" WORD are generated.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" \n"
" Olası tamamlamaları üretmek üzere bir kabuk işlevinin içinde kullanmak\n"
" amacıyla tasarlanmıştır. İsteğe bağlı SÖZCÜK argümanı sağlandığı\n"
-" takdirde eşleşmelerden sadece SÖZCÜK ile eşleşenler üretilir.\n"
+" takdirde eşleşmelerden yalnızca SÖZCÜK ile eşleşenler üretilir.\n"
" \n"
" Çıktı Durumu:\n"
-" Geçersiz bir seçenek girilmediği veya bir hata oluşmadığı takdirde "
-"başarılı döner."
+" Geçersiz bir seçenek girilmediği veya bir hata oluşmadığı takdirde başarılı döner."
#: builtins.c:2016
msgid ""
"Modify or display completion options.\n"
" \n"
-" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are "
-"supplied,\n"
-" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, "
-"print\n"
-" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion "
-"specification.\n"
+" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are supplied,\n"
+" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, print\n"
+" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion specification.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" \t-o option\tSet completion option OPTION for each NAME\n"
msgid ""
"Read lines from the standard input into an indexed array variable.\n"
" \n"
-" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable "
-"ARRAY, or\n"
-" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable "
-"MAPFILE\n"
+" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable ARRAY, or\n"
+" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable MAPFILE\n"
" is the default ARRAY.\n"
" \n"
" Options:\n"
" -d delim\tUse DELIM to terminate lines, instead of newline\n"
-" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are "
-"copied\n"
-" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default "
-"index is 0\n"
+" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are copied\n"
+" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default index is 0\n"
" -s count\tDiscard the first COUNT lines read\n"
" -t\tRemove a trailing DELIM from each line read (default newline)\n"
-" -u fd\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard "
-"input\n"
+" -u fd\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input\n"
" -C callback\tEvaluate CALLBACK each time QUANTUM lines are read\n"
" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to\n"
" \t\t\tCALLBACK\n"
" element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that element\n"
" as additional arguments.\n"
" \n"
-" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY "
-"before\n"
+" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY before\n"
" assigning to it.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
-" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly "
-"or\n"
+" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly or\n"
" not an indexed array."
msgstr ""
"Bir dosyadaki satırları bir dizi değişkenine oku.\n"
" \n"
" `mapfile' ile eşanlamlıdır."
-
-#, fuzzy
-#~ msgid "Copyright (C) 2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-#~ msgstr "Telif Hakkı (C) 2016 Özgür Yazılım Vakfı A.Ş."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Returns the context of the current subroutine call.\n"
-#~ " \n"
-#~ " Without EXPR, returns "
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Geçerli altyordam çağrısının bağlamı döndürür.\n"
-#~ " \n"
-#~ " İFADE olmadan, şu döner "
-
-#~ msgid "add_process: process %5ld (%s) in the_pipeline"
-#~ msgstr "add_process: %5ld (%s) süreci iletişim_tünelinde"
-
-#~ msgid "Unknown Signal #"
-#~ msgstr "Bilinmeyen Sinyal #"
-
-#~ msgid ":"
-#~ msgstr ":"
-
-#~ msgid "true"
-#~ msgstr "true"
-
-#~ msgid "false"
-#~ msgstr "false"
-
-#~ msgid "times"
-#~ msgstr "times"
-
-#~ msgid "Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n"
-#~ msgstr "Telif Hakkı (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n"
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "License GPLv2+: GNU GPL version 2 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-#~ "html>\n"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Lisans GPLv2+: GNU GPL sürüm 2 veya sonrası <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl."
-#~ "html>\n"
-
-#~ msgid " "
-#~ msgstr " "
-
-#~ msgid "Without EXPR, returns returns \"$line $filename\". With EXPR,"
-#~ msgstr "İFADE olmaksızın \"$line $filename\" döner. İFADE ile ise"
-
-#~ msgid "returns \"$line $subroutine $filename\"; this extra information"
-#~ msgstr "\"$line $subroutine $filename\" döner; bu ek bilgi"
-
-#~ msgid "can be used used to provide a stack trace."
-#~ msgstr "bir yığıt izini sürmek için kullanılabilir."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "The value of EXPR indicates how many call frames to go back before the"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "İFADE değeri şu ankinden önce kaç çağrı çerçevesinin geri döneceğini"
-
-#~ msgid "current one; the top frame is frame 0."
-#~ msgstr "belirtir; tepe çerçeve 0. çerçevedir."
-
-#~ msgid "%s: invalid number"
-#~ msgstr "%s: sayı geçersiz"
-
-#~ msgid "Shell commands matching keywords `"
-#~ msgstr "Bu anahtar sözcüklere uygun kabuk komutları: `"
-
-#~ msgid "Display the list of currently remembered directories. Directories"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rdirs [-clpv] [+N] [-N]\n"
-#~ " O an anımsanan dizinleri listeler. Dizinler listeye"
-
-#~ msgid "find their way onto the list with the `pushd' command; you can get"
-#~ msgstr "`pushd' komutuyla eklenir; listeden tek tek geri almak içinse"
-
-#~ msgid "back up through the list with the `popd' command."
-#~ msgstr "`popd' komutu kullanılır."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "The -l flag specifies that `dirs' should not print shorthand versions"
-#~ msgstr "-l seçeneği `dirs'in dizinleri ev dizininize göreli kısayollar"
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "of directories which are relative to your home directory. This means"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "olarak göstermemesine yol açar. Yani `~/bin' yerine `/homes/bfox/bin'"
-
-#~ msgid "that `~/bin' might be displayed as `/homes/bfox/bin'. The -v flag"
-#~ msgstr "gibi bir gösterimle karşılaşabilirsiniz. -v seçeneği `dirs'in"
-
-#~ msgid "causes `dirs' to print the directory stack with one entry per line,"
-#~ msgstr "dizin yığıtını dizin adının önüne yığıt konumunu ekleyerek her"
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "prepending the directory name with its position in the stack. The -p"
-#~ msgstr "satırda bir girdi göstermesini sağlar. -p seçeneği yığıttaki"
-
-#~ msgid "flag does the same thing, but the stack position is not prepended."
-#~ msgstr "konumu göstermemesi dışında aynı çıktıyı verir."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "The -c flag clears the directory stack by deleting all of the elements."
-#~ msgstr "-c seçeneği tüm girdileri silerek dizin yığıtını boşaltır."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "+N displays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by"
-#~ msgstr "+N dirs seçeneksiz çağrıldığında gösterdiği listenin solundan"
-
-#~ msgid " dirs when invoked without options, starting with zero."
-#~ msgstr " sıfırla başlayarak sayılan N'inci girdiyi gösterir."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "-N displays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by"
-#~ msgstr "-N dirs seçeneksiz çağrıldığında gösterdiği listenin sağından"
-
-#~ msgid "Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates"
-#~ msgstr "Dizin yığıtının en üstüne bir dizin ekler, ya da geçerli çalışma"
-
-#~ msgid "the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working"
-#~ msgstr "dizini yığıtın tepesine gelecek şekilde yığıtı döndürür."
-
-#~ msgid "directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories."
-#~ msgstr "Hiç argüman verilmemişse en üstteki iki dizini yer değiştirir."
-
-#~ msgid "+N Rotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting"
-#~ msgstr "+N (`dirs' tarafından gösterilen listenin solundan saymaya"
-
-#~ msgid " from the left of the list shown by `dirs', starting with"
-#~ msgstr " sıfırla başlandığında) N'inci dizin tepeye gelecek şekilde"
-
-#~ msgid " zero) is at the top."
-#~ msgstr " yığıtı döndürür."
-
-#~ msgid "-N Rotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting"
-#~ msgstr "-N (`dirs' tarafından gösterilen listenin sağından saymaya"
-
-#~ msgid " from the right of the list shown by `dirs', starting with"
-#~ msgstr " sıfırla başlandığında) N'inci dizin tepeye gelecek şekilde"
-
-#~ msgid "-n suppress the normal change of directory when adding directories"
-#~ msgstr "+n dizinleri yığıta eklerken normal dizin değişikliğini engeller,"
-
-#~ msgid " to the stack, so only the stack is manipulated."
-#~ msgstr " böylece sadece yığıt değiştirilmiş olur."
-
-#~ msgid "dir adds DIR to the directory stack at the top, making it the"
-#~ msgstr "dir DİZİNi yeni çalışma dizini yaparak dizin yığıtının"
-
-#~ msgid " new current working directory."
-#~ msgstr " tepesine ekler."
-
-#~ msgid "You can see the directory stack with the `dirs' command."
-#~ msgstr "Dizin yığıtını `dirs' komutuyla görebilirsiniz."
-
-#~ msgid "Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,"
-#~ msgstr "Dizin yığıtından girdileri siler. Hiç argüman verilmemişse,"
-
-#~ msgid "removes the top directory from the stack, and cd's to the new"
-#~ msgstr "yığıtın en üstündeki dizini yığıttan kaldırır ve"
-
-#~ msgid "+N removes the Nth entry counting from the left of the list"
-#~ msgstr "+N `dirs' tarafından gösterilen listenin solundan saymaya"
-
-#~ msgid " shown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd +0'"
-#~ msgstr " sıfırla başlandığında N'inci girdiyi siler. Örneğin,"
-
-#~ msgid " removes the first directory, `popd +1' the second."
-#~ msgstr " `popd +0' ilk dizini `popd +1' ikincisini siler."
-
-#~ msgid "-N removes the Nth entry counting from the right of the list"
-#~ msgstr "-N `dirs' tarafından gösterilen listenin sağından saymaya"
-
-#~ msgid " shown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd -0'"
-#~ msgstr " sıfırla başlandığında N'inci girdiyi siler. Örneğin,"
-
-#~ msgid " removes the last directory, `popd -1' the next to last."
-#~ msgstr " `popd -0' son dizini `popd -1' sonuncudan öncekini siler."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "-n suppress the normal change of directory when removing directories"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "-n dizinleri yığıttan silerken normal dizin değişikliğini engeller,"
-
-#~ msgid " from the stack, so only the stack is manipulated."
-#~ msgstr " böylece sadece yığıt değiştirilmiş olur."
-
-#~ msgid "allocated"
-#~ msgstr "ayrılmış"
-
-#~ msgid "freed"
-#~ msgstr "serbest bırakılmış"
-
-#~ msgid "requesting resize"
-#~ msgstr "yeniden boyutlandırma isteniyor"
-
-#~ msgid "just resized"
-#~ msgstr "yeniden boyutlandırıldı"
-
-#~ msgid "bug: unknown operation"
-#~ msgstr "yazılım hatası: unknown operation"
-
-#~ msgid "malloc: watch alert: %p %s "
-#~ msgstr "malloc: yakalama alarmı: %p %s "
-
-#~ msgid "xrealloc: cannot reallocate %lu bytes (%lu bytes allocated)"
-#~ msgstr "xrealloc: %lu bayt yeniden ayrılamıyor (%lu bayt ayrıldı)"
-
-#~ msgid "xrealloc: cannot allocate %lu bytes"
-#~ msgstr "xrealloc: %lu bayt yeniden ayrılamıyor"
-
-#~ msgid "xrealloc: %s:%d: cannot reallocate %lu bytes (%lu bytes allocated)"
-#~ msgstr "xrealloc: %s:%d: %lu bayt yeniden ayrılamıyor (%lu bayt ayrıldı)"
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Exit from within a FOR, WHILE or UNTIL loop. If N is specified,\n"
-#~ " break N levels."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rbreak [N]\n"
-#~ " FOR, WHILE veya UNTIL döngülerinden çıkılmasını sağlar. N "
-#~ "verilmişse,\n"
-#~ " dışa doğru N. döngüden çıkılır. N >= 1 olmalıdır."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Run a shell builtin. This is useful when you wish to rename a\n"
-#~ " shell builtin to be a function, but need the functionality of the\n"
-#~ " builtin within the function itself."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rbuiltin [kabuk-yerleşiği [argümanlar]]\n"
-#~ " Bir kabuk yerleşiğini çalıştırır. Bu bir kabuk işlevinin bir "
-#~ "kabul\n"
-#~ " yerleşiği ile aynı isimde atanması durumunda faydalıdır, fakat "
-#~ "işlevin\n"
-#~ " içinde yerleşiğin işlevselliğinin sağlanması gerekir."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Print the current working directory. With the -P option, pwd prints\n"
-#~ " the physical directory, without any symbolic links; the -L option\n"
-#~ " makes pwd follow symbolic links."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rpwd [-LP]\n"
-#~ " Geçerli çalışma dizinini basar. -P seçeneği ile sembolik bağlar\n"
-#~ " olmaksızın fiziksel dizini basar; -L seçeneği ile sembolik bağları "
-#~ "izler."
-
-#~ msgid "Return a successful result."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rtrue\n"
-#~ " Başarılı bir sonuç döndürür."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Runs COMMAND with ARGS ignoring shell functions. If you have a shell\n"
-#~ " function called `ls', and you wish to call the command `ls', you can\n"
-#~ " say \"command ls\". If the -p option is given, a default value is "
-#~ "used\n"
-#~ " for PATH that is guaranteed to find all of the standard utilities. "
-#~ "If\n"
-#~ " the -V or -v option is given, a string is printed describing "
-#~ "COMMAND.\n"
-#~ " The -V option produces a more verbose description."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rcommand [-pVv] KOMUT [ARGümanlar ...]\n"
-#~ " KOMUT komutunu KOMUT isimli kabuk işlevini yoksayarak "
-#~ "ARGümanlarla\n"
-#~ " çalıştırır. Örneğin, `ls' isimli bir kabuk işlevi varsa ve siz "
-#~ "`ls'\n"
-#~ " komutunu çalıştırmak istiyorsanız \"command ls\" "
-#~ "diyebilirsiniz.\n"
-#~ " -p seçeneği verilmişse, tüm standart uygulamaların bulunmasını "
-#~ "garanti\n"
-#~ " eden PATH için bir öntanımlı değer kullanılır. -V ya da -v "
-#~ "seçeneği\n"
-#~ " verilmişse, KOMUTu açıklayan bir dizge basılır. -V seçeneği "
-#~ "daha\n"
-#~ " ayrıntılı açıklama üretilmesini sağlar. "
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Declare variables and/or give them attributes. If no NAMEs are\n"
-#~ " given, then display the values of variables instead. The -p option\n"
-#~ " will display the attributes and values of each NAME.\n"
-#~ " \n"
-#~ " The flags are:\n"
-#~ " \n"
-#~ " -a\tto make NAMEs arrays (if supported)\n"
-#~ " -f\tto select from among function names only\n"
-#~ " -F\tto display function names (and line number and source file name "
-#~ "if\n"
-#~ " \tdebugging) without definitions\n"
-#~ " -i\tto make NAMEs have the `integer' attribute\n"
-#~ " -r\tto make NAMEs readonly\n"
-#~ " -t\tto make NAMEs have the `trace' attribute\n"
-#~ " -x\tto make NAMEs export\n"
-#~ " \n"
-#~ " Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see\n"
-#~ " `let') done when the variable is assigned to.\n"
-#~ " \n"
-#~ " When displaying values of variables, -f displays a function's name\n"
-#~ " and definition. The -F option restricts the display to function\n"
-#~ " name only.\n"
-#~ " \n"
-#~ " Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the given attribute instead. "
-#~ "When\n"
-#~ " used in a function, makes NAMEs local, as with the `local' command."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rdeclare [-afFirtx] [-p] [İSİM[=DEĞER] ...]\n"
-#~ " Değişkenlerin özellikleri ile bildirilmesini sağlar. Hiçbir İSİM\n"
-#~ " verilmezse değişkenleri ve değerlerini listeler. -p seçeneği ile her\n"
-#~ " İSİM için değerler ve özellikleri gösterecektir.\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ " Seçenekler:\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ " -a Her İSİM bir dizi değişkenidir(destekleniyorsa)\n"
-#~ " -f Sadece işlev isimleri kullanılır.\n"
-#~ " -F Tanımları olmaksızın sadece işlev isimleri (ve hata "
-#~ "ayıklaması\n"
-#~ " yapılıyorsa kaynak dosya isimleri ve satır sayıları) "
-#~ "gösterilir\n"
-#~ " -i Her İSİMe `integer' özniteliği verir.\n"
-#~ " -r İSİMleri salt-okunur yapar.\n"
-#~ " -t Her İSİMe `trace' özniteliği verir.\n"
-#~ " -x İSİMleri ihraç edilebilir yapar\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ " Tamsayı öznitelikli değişkenlere bir DEĞER atandığında aritmetik\n"
-#~ " değerlendirme uygulanır (bkz, `let').\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ " Değişken değerleri gösterilirken, -f bir işlevin ismini ve "
-#~ "tanımını\n"
-#~ " gösterir. -F seçeneği ile sadece işlev isminin gösterilmesini "
-#~ "sağlar.\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ " `-' yerine `+' kullanarak belirtilen öznitelik kapatılabilir.\n"
-#~ " Bir işlevde kullanıldığında declare her İSİMi `local' komutu "
-#~ "kullanılmış\n"
-#~ " gibi yerel yapar."
-
-#~ msgid "Obsolete. See `declare'."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rtypeset [-afFirtx] [-p] İSİM[=DEĞER] ...\n"
-#~ " Geçersiz (eski). `declare'ye bakın."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Create a local variable called NAME, and give it VALUE. LOCAL\n"
-#~ " can only be used within a function; it makes the variable NAME\n"
-#~ " have a visible scope restricted to that function and its children."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rlocal [seçenek] İSİM[=DEĞER] ...\n"
-#~ " İSİM isimli bir yerel değişken oluşturulup, ona DEĞER atar.\n"
-#~ " local sadece bir işlev içinde kullanılabilir; İSİM değişkeninin\n"
-#~ " sadece işlev ve çocuklarının etki alanında görünür olmasını sağlar."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Output the ARGs. If -n is specified, the trailing newline is suppressed."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\recho [-neE] [ARG ...]\n"
-#~ " ARGümanlarını çıktılar. -n belirtilmişse, satırsonu bastırılır."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Enable and disable builtin shell commands. This allows\n"
-#~ " you to use a disk command which has the same name as a shell\n"
-#~ " builtin without specifying a full pathname. If -n is used, the\n"
-#~ " NAMEs become disabled; otherwise NAMEs are enabled. For example,\n"
-#~ " to use the `test' found in $PATH instead of the shell builtin\n"
-#~ " version, type `enable -n test'. On systems supporting dynamic\n"
-#~ " loading, the -f option may be used to load new builtins from the\n"
-#~ " shared object FILENAME. The -d option will delete a builtin\n"
-#~ " previously loaded with -f. If no non-option names are given, or\n"
-#~ " the -p option is supplied, a list of builtins is printed. The\n"
-#~ " -a option means to print every builtin with an indication of whether\n"
-#~ " or not it is enabled. The -s option restricts the output to the "
-#~ "POSIX.2\n"
-#~ " `special' builtins. The -n option displays a list of all disabled "
-#~ "builtins."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\renable [-n] [-p] [-f DOSYAİSMİ] [-ads] [İSİM ...]\n"
-#~ " Yerleşik kabuk komutlarını etkinleştirir ve kaldırır. Bir "
-#~ "kabuk\n"
-#~ " yerleşiği ile aynı isme sahip bir disk komutunun tam dosya "
-#~ "yolu\n"
-#~ " belirtmeksizin kullanılabilmesini mümkün kılar. -n "
-#~ "seçeneği\n"
-#~ " kullanılmışsa İSİMler kullanımdan kaldırılır; aksi takdirde "
-#~ "İSİMler\n"
-#~ " etkin kılınır. Örneğin `test' yerleşiği yerine `test' "
-#~ "uygulamasının\n"
-#~ " yerleşik komut olarak kullanılmasını sağlamak için `enable -n "
-#~ "test'\n"
-#~ " yazmalısınız. Dinamik yüklemenin desteklendiği sistemlerde, -"
-#~ "f\n"
-#~ " seçeneği ile yeni bir İSİM yerleşik komutunun DOSYAİSMİ ile "
-#~ "belirtilen\n"
-#~ " paylaşımlı nesneden yüklenmesi sağlanır. -d seçeneği -f ile "
-#~ "yüklenen\n"
-#~ " yerleşiği silmek için kullanılır. Hiç seçenek verilmezse ya da -"
-#~ "p\n"
-#~ " seçeneği verilirse kabuk yerleşiklerinin bir listesi gösterilir. -"
-#~ "a\n"
-#~ " seçeneği ile her yerleşik etkin olup olmadığı belirtilerek "
-#~ "listelenir.\n"
-#~ " -s seçeneği ile sadece POSIX'e özel yerleşikleri içerir. -n "
-#~ "seçeneği\n"
-#~ " bir İSİM belirtilmeksizin kullanılırsa kullanımdan "
-#~ "kaldırılmış\n"
-#~ " yerleşikleri listeler."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Read ARGs as input to the shell and execute the resulting command(s)."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\reval [ARG ...]\n"
-#~ " Kabuğa girilmiş biçimleriyle ARG'ları okur ve sonuçlanan komutları "
-#~ "çalıştır."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Exec FILE, replacing this shell with the specified program.\n"
-#~ " If FILE is not specified, the redirections take effect in this\n"
-#~ " shell. If the first argument is `-l', then place a dash in the\n"
-#~ " zeroth arg passed to FILE, as login does. If the `-c' option\n"
-#~ " is supplied, FILE is executed with a null environment. The `-a'\n"
-#~ " option means to make set argv[0] of the executed process to NAME.\n"
-#~ " If the file cannot be executed and the shell is not interactive,\n"
-#~ " then the shell exits, unless the shell option `execfail' is set."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rexec [-cl] [-a AD] DOSYA [YÖNLENDİRMELER]]\n"
-#~ " DOSYA'yı yeni bir süreç oluşturmadan kabukla değiştirip çalıştırır.\n"
-#~ " Eğer DOSYA belirtilmemişse, kabukta YÖNLENDİRMELER etkili olur.\n"
-#~ " Eğer ilk argüman -l ise, login'in yaptığı gibi DOSYAya aktarılan\n"
-#~ " sıfırıncı argümana bir tire yerleştirilir. -c seçeneği verilmişse,\n"
-#~ " DOSYA boş bir ortamda çalıştırılır. -a seçeneği verilirse kabuk,\n"
-#~ " DOSYAya ADı 0. argüman (argv[0]) olarak aktarır. Eğer DOSYA\n"
-#~ " çalıştırılamazsa ve kabuk etkileşimli değilse, `execfail' kabuk\n"
-#~ " değişkeni etkin olmadıkça kabuk çıkar."
-
-#~ msgid "Logout of a login shell."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rlogout\n"
-#~ " Oturum kabuğundan çıkıp oturumu kapatır."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "For each NAME, the full pathname of the command is determined and\n"
-#~ " remembered. If the -p option is supplied, PATHNAME is used as the\n"
-#~ " full pathname of NAME, and no path search is performed. The -r\n"
-#~ " option causes the shell to forget all remembered locations. The -d\n"
-#~ " option causes the shell to forget the remembered location of each "
-#~ "NAME.\n"
-#~ " If the -t option is supplied the full pathname to which each NAME\n"
-#~ " corresponds is printed. If multiple NAME arguments are supplied "
-#~ "with\n"
-#~ " -t, the NAME is printed before the hashed full pathname. The -l "
-#~ "option\n"
-#~ " causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as "
-#~ "input.\n"
-#~ " If no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is "
-#~ "displayed."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rhash [-lr] [-p DOSYAYOLU] [-dt] [AD]\n"
-#~ " AD argümanları olarak belirtilen komutların tam dosya yollarını\n"
-#~ " hatırlar, böylece müteakip çağrılarda aranmalarına gerek kalmaz.\n"
-#~ " Komutlar $PATH içinde listelenmiş dizinler aranarak bulunur. -p\n"
-#~ " seçeneği dosya yolu aramalarını engeller ve ADın konumu olarak\n"
-#~ " DOSYAYOLU kullanılır. -r seçeneği hatırlanan tüm konumları kabuğun\n"
-#~ " unutmasına sebep olur. -d seçeneği her AD için hatırlanan konumun\n"
-#~ " kabuk tarafından unutulmasına sebep olur. -t seçeneği verildiğinde\n"
-#~ " her ADa karşılık gelen dosya konumları basılır. -t seçeneği ile çok\n"
-#~ " sayıda AD verilirse, AD hatırlanan tam dosya yolundan önce basılır.\n"
-#~ " -l seçeneği çıktının girdi olarak tekrar kullanılmasını sağlayacak\n"
-#~ " biçimde basılmasını sağlar. Hiç argüman belirtilmezse ya da sadece\n"
-#~ " -l seçeneği belirtilirse hatırlanan komutlar hakkında bilgi basılır."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Display helpful information about builtin commands. If PATTERN is\n"
-#~ " specified, gives detailed help on all commands matching PATTERN,\n"
-#~ " otherwise a list of the builtins is printed. The -s option\n"
-#~ " restricts the output for each builtin command matching PATTERN to\n"
-#~ " a short usage synopsis."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rhelp [-s] [KALIP]\n"
-#~ " Yerleşik komutlar hakkında yardım bilgisi gösterir. KALIP "
-#~ "belirtilmişse,\n"
-#~ " help KALIP ile eşleşen tüm komutlar için yardım bilgisi gösterir, "
-#~ "aksi\n"
-#~ " takdirde yerleşikler listelenir. -s seçeneği ile yardım bilgisi "
-#~ "yerine\n"
-#~ " komutun kullanımını gösteren sözdizimini basar."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "By default, removes each JOBSPEC argument from the table of active jobs.\n"
-#~ " If the -h option is given, the job is not removed from the table, but "
-#~ "is\n"
-#~ " marked so that SIGHUP is not sent to the job if the shell receives a\n"
-#~ " SIGHUP. The -a option, when JOBSPEC is not supplied, means to remove "
-#~ "all\n"
-#~ " jobs from the job table; the -r option means to remove only running "
-#~ "jobs."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rdisown [-h] [-ar] [İŞ_BELİRTİMİ ...]\n"
-#~ " Seçeneksiz kullanımda her İŞ_BELİRTİMİ etkin işler tablosundan\n"
-#~ " kaldırılır. -h seçeneği ile iş tablodan kaldırılmaz ama imlenir\n"
-#~ " böylece kabuk bir SIGHUP alırsa bunu işe göndermez. İŞ_BELİRTİMİ\n"
-#~ " verilmeden -a seçeneğinin kullanılması durumunda iş tablosundaki\n"
-#~ " tüm işler kaldırılır. İŞ_BELİRTİMİ verilmeden -r seçeneğinin\n"
-#~ " kullanılması durumunda ise sadece çalışmakta olan işler kaldırılır."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "One line is read from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD if "
-#~ "the\n"
-#~ " -u option is supplied, and the first word is assigned to the first "
-#~ "NAME,\n"
-#~ " the second word to the second NAME, and so on, with leftover words "
-#~ "assigned\n"
-#~ " to the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized "
-#~ "as word\n"
-#~ " delimiters. If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the "
-#~ "REPLY\n"
-#~ " variable. If the -r option is given, this signifies `raw' input, "
-#~ "and\n"
-#~ " backslash escaping is disabled. The -d option causes read to "
-#~ "continue\n"
-#~ " until the first character of DELIM is read, rather than newline. If "
-#~ "the -p\n"
-#~ " option is supplied, the string PROMPT is output without a trailing "
-#~ "newline\n"
-#~ " before attempting to read. If -a is supplied, the words read are "
-#~ "assigned\n"
-#~ " to sequential indices of ARRAY, starting at zero. If -e is supplied "
-#~ "and\n"
-#~ " the shell is interactive, readline is used to obtain the line. If -n "
-#~ "is\n"
-#~ " supplied with a non-zero NCHARS argument, read returns after NCHARS\n"
-#~ " characters have been read. The -s option causes input coming from a\n"
-#~ " terminal to not be echoed.\n"
-#~ " \n"
-#~ " The -t option causes read to time out and return failure if a "
-#~ "complete line\n"
-#~ " of input is not read within TIMEOUT seconds. If the TMOUT variable "
-#~ "is set,\n"
-#~ " its value is the default timeout. The return code is zero, unless "
-#~ "end-of-file\n"
-#~ " is encountered, read times out, or an invalid file descriptor is "
-#~ "supplied as\n"
-#~ " the argument to -u."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rread [-ers] [-u DSYTNT] [-t ZMAŞM] [-p İSTEM] [-a DİZİ]\n"
-#~ " [-n KRKSAY] [-d AYRAÇ] [İSİM ...]\n"
-#~ " Standart girdiden ya da -u seçeneği ile sağlanan DoSYaTaNıTıcıdan "
-#~ "tek\n"
-#~ " satır okur ve ilk sözcük ilk İSİMe, ikinci sözcük ikinci İSİMe ve "
-#~ "böyle\n"
-#~ " giderek, aradaki sözcükler ve ayraçlar son İSİMe kadar atanır. "
-#~ "Satırı\n"
-#~ " sözcüklere ayırmakta sadece $IFS değişkeninin değerindeki "
-#~ "karakterler\n"
-#~ " kullanılır. Tersbölü satırın devam ettirilmesi için ve kendinden "
-#~ "sonra\n"
-#~ " gelen özel karakterlerin yorumlanması için kullanılabilir. Hiç "
-#~ "isim\n"
-#~ " verilmemişse, satırın tamamı okunur ve REPLY değişkenine atanır. -"
-#~ "r\n"
-#~ " verildiğinde tersbölü bir önceleme karakteri olarak ele "
-#~ "alınmaz,\n"
-#~ " dolayısıyla tersbölü-satırsonu çifti satırın alt satırda devam "
-#~ "edeceğini\n"
-#~ " belirtmekte kullanılamaz. -d ile satırın satırsonu karakterine "
-#~ "kadar\n"
-#~ " değil AYRAÇ karakterine kadar okunması sağlanır. -p ile "
-#~ "girdi\n"
-#~ " beklendiğini belirtecek İSTEM dizgesi satırsonu karakteri "
-#~ "olmaksızın\n"
-#~ " görüntülenir. İstem sadece girdi bir uçbirimden gelecekse "
-#~ "gösterilir.\n"
-#~ " -a ile sözcükler sırayla DİZİ dizisinin elemanlarına atanır; dizinin "
-#~ "ilk\n"
-#~ " elemanının indisi 0'dır; atama yapılmadan önce DİZİ dizisinin "
-#~ "tüm\n"
-#~ " elemanları silinir; diğer İSİM argümanları yoksayılır. -e ile "
-#~ "kabuk\n"
-#~ " etkileşimliyse, satırı sağlamak için readline kullanılır. -n "
-#~ "ile\n"
-#~ " satırın okunması KRKSAYıncı karakterde sona erer; satırın kalanı "
-#~ "yok\n"
-#~ " sayılır. -s ile sessiz kipe girilir, girdi bir uçbirimden "
-#~ "geliyorsa\n"
-#~ " karakterler yansılanmaz. -t ile satır ZMAŞM saniye sonra "
-#~ "hala\n"
-#~ " sonlandırılmamışsa read zamanaşımına düşer ve hata döner. "
-#~ "$TMOUT\n"
-#~ " değişkeni bir değerle atanmışsa değeri öntanımlı zamanaşımı "
-#~ "değeri\n"
-#~ " olarak ele alınır. Bu seçenek, girdi bir uçbirim ya da "
-#~ "boruhattından\n"
-#~ " okunmuyorsa etkisizdir. Dosyasonu karakteri (Ctrl-D) "
-#~ "saptanmadıkça,\n"
-#~ " okuma zamanaşımına düşmedikçe ya da -u seçeneği ile sağlanan\n"
-#~ " DoSYaTaNıTıcı geçersiz olmadıkça dönüş durumu sıfırdır."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Causes a function to exit with the return value specified by N. If N\n"
-#~ " is omitted, the return status is that of the last command."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rreturn [N]\n"
-#~ " Bir işlevin N değeri ile dönerek çıkmasına sebep olur. N verilmezse\n"
-#~ " son komutun dönüş durumu döner."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "For each NAME, remove the corresponding variable or function. Given\n"
-#~ " the `-v', unset will only act on variables. Given the `-f' flag,\n"
-#~ " unset will only act on functions. With neither flag, unset first\n"
-#~ " tries to unset a variable, and if that fails, then tries to unset a\n"
-#~ " function. Some variables cannot be unset; also see readonly."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\runset [-f] [-v] [AD ...]\n"
-#~ " ADı belirtilen her işlev ya da değişken kaldırılır. -v verilmişse,\n"
-#~ " işlem sadece kabuk değişkenlerine uygulanır. -f verilmişse, işlem\n"
-#~ " sadece kabuk işlevlerine uygulanır ve işlev tanımı kaldırılır.\n"
-#~ " Hiçbir seçenek verilmemişse, unset önce bir değişkeni kaldırmayı\n"
-#~ " dener, başarısız olursa bir işlevi kaldırmayı dener. Salt-okunur\n"
-#~ " değişkenler ve işlevler kaldırılamaz."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "NAMEs are marked for automatic export to the environment of\n"
-#~ " subsequently executed commands. If the -f option is given,\n"
-#~ " the NAMEs refer to functions. If no NAMEs are given, or if `-p'\n"
-#~ " is given, a list of all names that are exported in this shell is\n"
-#~ " printed. An argument of `-n' says to remove the export property\n"
-#~ " from subsequent NAMEs. An argument of `--' disables further option\n"
-#~ " processing."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rexport [-nf] [İSİM[=DEĞER] ...]\n"
-#~ "export -p\n"
-#~ " Ortamdaki çocuk sürece aktarılacak her İSİM'i imler. -f "
-#~ "verilmişse\n"
-#~ " İSİM'ler kabuk işlevleridir, aksi takdirde kabuk "
-#~ "değişkenleridir.\n"
-#~ " -n seçeneği verilirse aktarılacak İSİM'ler artık imlenmez. "
-#~ "İSİM\n"
-#~ " verilmemişse veya -p seçeneği verilmişse aktarılan İSİM'lerin "
-#~ "listesi\n"
-#~ " gösterilir. -p seçeneği çıktının girdi olarak tekrar "
-#~ "kullanılabilir\n"
-#~ " biçimde gösterilmesini sağlar. Bir değişken isminden sonra "
-#~ "=DEĞER\n"
-#~ " geliyorsa değer değişkenin değeri yapılır. `--' ile seçenek "
-#~ "işlemleri\n"
-#~ " kapatılır."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "The given NAMEs are marked readonly and the values of these NAMEs may\n"
-#~ " not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -f option is given,\n"
-#~ " then functions corresponding to the NAMEs are so marked. If no\n"
-#~ " arguments are given, or if `-p' is given, a list of all readonly "
-#~ "names\n"
-#~ " is printed. The `-a' option means to treat each NAME as\n"
-#~ " an array variable. An argument of `--' disables further option\n"
-#~ " processing."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rreadonly [-af] [İSİM[=DEĞER] ...]\n"
-#~ "readonly -p\n"
-#~ " Her İSİM'i salt-okunur olarak imler. Bu İSİM'lerin değerleri\n"
-#~ " müteakip çağrılarda değiştirilemez. -f seçeneği verilirse, her\n"
-#~ " İSİM bir kabuk işlevi olarak imlenir. -a seçeneği verilirse, her\n"
-#~ " isim bir dizi değişkeni olarak ele alınır. Hiç argüman verilmezse\n"
-#~ " veya -p seçeneği verilirse salt-okunur isimlerin hepsi basılır. Bir\n"
-#~ " değişken isminden sonra bir =DEĞER geliyorsa DEĞER değişkenin değeri\n"
-#~ " yapılır. `--' ile seçenek işlemleri kapatılır."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "The positional parameters from $N+1 ... are renamed to $1 ... If N is\n"
-#~ " not given, it is assumed to be 1."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rshift [N]\n"
-#~ " $N+1 ... konumsal parametreleri $1 ... olarak ele alınır.\n"
-#~ " N verilmezse 1 kabul edilir."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SIGCONT\n"
-#~ " signal. The `-f' if specified says not to complain about this\n"
-#~ " being a login shell if it is; just suspend anyway."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rsuspend [-f]\n"
-#~ " Bu kabuğun çalışmasını bir SIGCONT sinyali alana kadar askıya alır.\n"
-#~ " -f seçeneği kullanıldığında kabuk bir giriş kabuğu olsa bile askıya "
-#~ "alınır."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Print the accumulated user and system times for processes run from\n"
-#~ " the shell."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rtimes\n"
-#~ " Kabukta çalışan süreçlerden toplanan kullanıcı ve sistem zamanlarını "
-#~ "basar."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "For each NAME, indicate how it would be interpreted if used as a\n"
-#~ " command name.\n"
-#~ " \n"
-#~ " If the -t option is used, `type' outputs a single word which is one "
-#~ "of\n"
-#~ " `alias', `keyword', `function', `builtin', `file' or `', if NAME is "
-#~ "an\n"
-#~ " alias, shell reserved word, shell function, shell builtin, disk "
-#~ "file,\n"
-#~ " or unfound, respectively.\n"
-#~ " \n"
-#~ " If the -p flag is used, `type' either returns the name of the disk\n"
-#~ " file that would be executed, or nothing if `type -t NAME' would not\n"
-#~ " return `file'.\n"
-#~ " \n"
-#~ " If the -a flag is used, `type' displays all of the places that "
-#~ "contain\n"
-#~ " an executable named `file'. This includes aliases, builtins, and\n"
-#~ " functions, if and only if the -p flag is not also used.\n"
-#~ " \n"
-#~ " The -f flag suppresses shell function lookup.\n"
-#~ " \n"
-#~ " The -P flag forces a PATH search for each NAME, even if it is an "
-#~ "alias,\n"
-#~ " builtin, or function, and returns the name of the disk file that "
-#~ "would\n"
-#~ " be executed."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rtype [-afptP] AD [AD ...]\n"
-#~ " Her ADın bir komut ismi olarak kullanılırsa nasıl yorumlanması\n"
-#~ " gerektiğini belirtir.\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ " -t seçeneği verildiğinde, AD bir takma ad ise `alias', bir işlev ise\n"
-#~ " `function', bir yerleşik komut ise `builtin', bir disk dosyası ise \n"
-#~ " `file' veya bir anahtar sözcük ise `keyword' sözcüğünü basar.\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ " -p seçeneği verildiğinde, AD, `type -t AD' çıktısı file sonucunu\n"
-#~ " vermiyorsa hiçbir şey dönmez, aksi takdirde çalıştırılacak disk\n"
-#~ " dosyasının ismi basılır.\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ " -a seçeneği verildiğinde, isim çalıştırılabilir dosyasının\n"
-#~ " bulunabileceği yerleri basar. Bu, sadece ve sadece -p seçeneği\n"
-#~ " kullanılmamışsa takma adları, yerleşik komutları ve işlevleri\n"
-#~ " de içerir.\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ " -f seçeneği belirtilmişse type kabuk işlevlerini bulmaya çalışmaz.\n"
-#~ "\n"
-#~ " -P seçeneği her ADiçin, bir takma ad, yerleşik komut veya işlev "
-#~ "olmasa\n"
-#~ " bile bir yol araması yapılmasını için zorlar ve çalıştırılabilir "
-#~ "disk\n"
-#~ " dosyası ismi ile döner."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "The user file-creation mask is set to MODE. If MODE is omitted, or if\n"
-#~ " `-S' is supplied, the current value of the mask is printed. The `-"
-#~ "S'\n"
-#~ " option makes the output symbolic; otherwise an octal number is "
-#~ "output.\n"
-#~ " If `-p' is supplied, and MODE is omitted, the output is in a form\n"
-#~ " that may be used as input. If MODE begins with a digit, it is\n"
-#~ " interpreted as an octal number, otherwise it is a symbolic mode "
-#~ "string\n"
-#~ " like that accepted by chmod(1)."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rumask [-p] [-S] [KİP]\n"
-#~ " Kabuk sürecinin dosya oluşturma maskesini KİP olarak ayarlar.\n"
-#~ " -S seçeneği bir KİP olmaksızın verilirse, maske sembolik kipte\n"
-#~ " gösterilir. -S seçeneği çıktının sembolik olmasını sağlar, yoksa\n"
-#~ " sekizlik değer basılır. -p seçeneği bir KİP olmaksızın verilirse,\n"
-#~ " maske, kabuğa girdi olarak verilebilecek biçemde gösterilir. KİP\n"
-#~ " bir rakam ile başlıyorsa sekizlik bir sayı olarak yorumlanır;\n"
-#~ " rakamla başlamıyorsa, chmod(1) komutundaki gibi bir sembolik kip\n"
-#~ " maskesi olarak yorumlanır. Eğer KİP verilmezse, maskenin mevcut\n"
-#~ " değeri gösterilir."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Wait for the specified process and report its termination status. If\n"
-#~ " N is not given, all currently active child processes are waited for,\n"
-#~ " and the return code is zero. N is a process ID; if it is not given,\n"
-#~ " all child processes of the shell are waited for."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rwait [N]\n"
-#~ " Belirtilen süreci bekler ve sonlandırma durumunu raporlar. N\n"
-#~ " verilmezse, o an etkin olan tüm süreçler için beklenir ve sıfır\n"
-#~ " durumu ile dönülür. N bir süreç kimliğidir; verilmezse kabuğun\n"
-#~ " tüm alt süreçleri için beklenir."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Create a simple command invoked by NAME which runs COMMANDS.\n"
-#~ " Arguments on the command line along with NAME are passed to the\n"
-#~ " function as $0 .. $n."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rfunction AD { KOMUTlar ; }\n"
-#~ "\tveya\n"
-#~ "AD () { KOMUTlar ; }\n"
-#~ " ADıyla çağrılarak KOMUTları çalıştıran basit bir komut oluşturur.\n"
-#~ " AD ile birlikte verilen komut satırı argümanları işleve $0 .. $N\n"
-#~ " olarak aktarılır."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Toggle the values of variables controlling optional behavior.\n"
-#~ " The -s flag means to enable (set) each OPTNAME; the -u flag\n"
-#~ " unsets each OPTNAME. The -q flag suppresses output; the exit\n"
-#~ " status indicates whether each OPTNAME is set or unset. The -o\n"
-#~ " option restricts the OPTNAMEs to those defined for use with\n"
-#~ " `set -o'. With no options, or with the -p option, a list of all\n"
-#~ " settable options is displayed, with an indication of whether or\n"
-#~ " not each is set."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rshopt [-pqsu] [-o UZUN-SEÇENEK] SÇNKADI [SÇNKADI...]\n"
-#~ " İsteğe bağlı kabuk davranışlarını kontrol eden değişken değerlerini "
-#~ "açıp\n"
-#~ " kapar. -s ile belirtilen her SÇNKADInı etkinleştirir. -u ile "
-#~ "belirtilen\n"
-#~ " her SÇNKADInı iptal eder. -q ile normal çıktıyı engeller; dönüş "
-#~ "durumu\n"
-#~ " SÇNKADInın etkin olup olmadığını gösterir. -o ile set yerleşiğinin "
-#~ "-o\n"
-#~ " seçeneğinde kullanılabilecek SÇNKADI değerlerini sınırlar. Seçeneksiz "
-#~ "ya\n"
-#~ " da -p seçeneği ile tüm atanabilir seçenekleri etkin olup "
-#~ "olmadıklarını\n"
-#~ " belirterek listeler."
-
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed.\n"
-#~ " If the -p option is supplied, or if no options are supplied, "
-#~ "existing\n"
-#~ " completion specifications are printed in a way that allows them to "
-#~ "be\n"
-#~ " reused as input. The -r option removes a completion specification "
-#~ "for\n"
-#~ " each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are supplied, all completion "
-#~ "specifications."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "\rcomplete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-o SEÇENEK] [-A EYLEM] [-G KALIP]\n"
-#~ " [-W SÖZLİST] [-P ÖNEK] [-S SONEK] [-X SÜZGEÇ] [-F İŞLEV]\n"
-#~ " [-C KOMUT] [AD ...]\n"
-#~ " Her AD için argümanların nasıl tamamlanmaları gerektiği belirtilir.\n"
-#~ " -p seçeneği verilirse veya hiç seçenek verilmezse, mevcut tamamlama\n"
-#~ " belirtimleri girdi olarak yeniden kullanılabilir şekilde basılır.\n"
-#~ " -r seçeneği her AD için tamamlama belirtimini kaldırır,\n"
-#~ " hiç AD belirtilmezse tümü kaldırılır."
"Project-Id-Version: bash 5.1\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-11-28 12:51-0500\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-05-09 20:48+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2022-05-10 16:30+0800\n"
"Last-Translator: Yi-Jyun Pan <pan93412@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Chinese (traditional) <zh-l10n@lists.linux.org.tw>\n"
"Language: zh_TW\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
-"X-Bugs: Report translation errors to the Language-Team address.\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
-"X-Generator: Poedit 2.4.3\n"
+"X-Bugs: Report translation errors to the Language-Team address.\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 3.0.1\n"
#: arrayfunc.c:66
msgid "bad array subscript"
#: builtins/complete.def:838
msgid "not currently executing completion function"
-msgstr "ç\9b®å\89\8dæ\9cªå\9f·è¡\8cè£\9cå®\8c功能"
+msgstr "ç\9b®å\89\8dæ\9cªå\9f·è¡\8cè\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90功能"
#: builtins/declare.def:134
msgid "can only be used in a function"
#: builtins/type.def:299
#, c-format
msgid "%s is a special shell builtin\n"
-msgstr "%s 是特別的 shell 內建物件\n"
+msgstr "%s 是特別的 shell 內建命令\n"
#: builtins/type.def:301
#, c-format
msgid "%s is a shell builtin\n"
-msgstr "%s 是 shell 內建物件\n"
+msgstr "%s 是 shell 內建命令\n"
#: builtins/type.def:323 builtins/type.def:408
#, c-format
#: pcomplete.c:1132
#, c-format
msgid "completion: function `%s' not found"
-msgstr "è£\9cå®\8c: 未找到函數「%s」"
+msgstr "è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90: 未找到函數「%s」"
#: pcomplete.c:1722
#, c-format
#: pcomplib.c:182
#, c-format
msgid "progcomp_insert: %s: NULL COMPSPEC"
-msgstr "progcomp_insert: %s: 空ç\9a\84è£\9cå®\8c規格"
+msgstr "progcomp_insert: %s: 空ç\9a\84è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90規格"
#: print_cmd.c:302
#, c-format
#: builtins.c:60
msgid "builtin [shell-builtin [arg ...]]"
-msgstr "builtin [shell 內建物件 [參數 …]]"
+msgstr "builtin [shell 內建命令 [參數 …]]"
#: builtins.c:63
msgid "caller [expr]"
" Returns the exit status of SHELL-BUILTIN, or false if SHELL-BUILTIN is\n"
" not a shell builtin."
msgstr ""
-"執行 shell 內建物件。\n"
+"執行 shell 內建命令。\n"
" \n"
-" 帶 <參數> 執行 <shell 內建物件> 而不做指令查詢\n"
-" 在希望以 shell 函數的形式來重新實現 shell 內建物件，\n"
-" 但需要在函數之內執行該 shell 內建物件的情況下有用處。\n"
+" 帶 <參數> 執行 <shell 內建命令> 而不做指令查詢\n"
+" 在希望以 shell 函數的形式來重新實現 shell 內建命令，\n"
+" 但需要在函數之內執行該 shell 內建命令的情況下有用處。\n"
" \n"
" 結束狀態：\n"
-" 以 <shell 內建物件> 的結束狀態為準，或者如果 <shell 內建物件> 不是一個 shell 內建物件時\n"
+" 以 <shell 內建命令> 的結束狀態為準，或者如果 <shell 內建命令> 不是一個 shell 內建命令時\n"
" 回傳 false。"
#: builtins.c:369
" 回傳 COMMAND 指令的回傳狀態，或者當找不到 COMMAND 指令時失敗。"
#: builtins.c:490
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "Set variable values and attributes.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Declare variables and give them attributes. If no NAMEs are given,\n"
-#| " display the attributes and values of all variables.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Options:\n"
-#| " -f\trestrict action or display to function names and definitions\n"
-#| " -F\trestrict display to function names only (plus line number and\n"
-#| " \t\tsource file when debugging)\n"
-#| " -g\tcreate global variables when used in a shell function; otherwise\n"
-#| " \t\tignored\n"
-#| " -p\tdisplay the attributes and value of each NAME\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Options which set attributes:\n"
-#| " -a\tto make NAMEs indexed arrays (if supported)\n"
-#| " -A\tto make NAMEs associative arrays (if supported)\n"
-#| " -i\tto make NAMEs have the `integer' attribute\n"
-#| " -l\tto convert the value of each NAME to lower case on assignment\n"
-#| " -n\tmake NAME a reference to the variable named by its value\n"
-#| " -r\tto make NAMEs readonly\n"
-#| " -t\tto make NAMEs have the `trace' attribute\n"
-#| " -u\tto convert the value of each NAME to upper case on assignment\n"
-#| " -x\tto make NAMEs export\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the given attribute.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see\n"
-#| " the `let' command) performed when the variable is assigned a value.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the `local'\n"
-#| " command. The `-g' option suppresses this behavior.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Exit Status:\n"
-#| " Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or a variable\n"
-#| " assignment error occurs."
msgid ""
"Set variable values and attributes.\n"
" \n"
msgstr ""
"設定變數值和屬性。\n"
" \n"
-" 規範變數並且賦予它們屬性。如果沒用指定名稱，\n"
-" 則顯示所有變數的屬性和值。\n"
+" 宣告變數並賦予其屬性。若未指定 <名稱>，\n"
+" 則顯示所有變數的屬性和數值。\n"
" \n"
" 選項：\n"
" -f\t限制動作或顯示為只有函數名稱和定義\n"
-" -F\t限制僅顯示函數名稱 (以及列號和原始檔名於偵錯時)\n"
-" -g\t當用於 shell 函數內時建立全域變數 ; 否則忽略\n"
+" -F\t限制僅顯示函數名稱（偵錯時另包含列號和原始檔名）\n"
+" -g\t用於 shell 函數時建立全域變數 ; 否則忽略\n"
+" -I\t如果建立的是本地變數，則繼承上個作用域中，\n"
+" \t\t同名變數的屬性及數值。\n"
" -p\t顯示每個 <名稱> 變數的屬性和值\n"
" \n"
" 設定屬性的選項：\n"
" -a\t使 <名稱> 成為索引陣列 (如果支援)\n"
" -A\t使 <名稱> 成為關聯陣列 (如果支援)\n"
-" -i\t使 <名稱> 帶有「integer」(整數)屬性\n"
+" -i\t使 <名稱> 帶有「integer」（整數）屬性\n"
" -l\t將每個 <名稱> 的值在指派時轉為小寫\n"
" -n\t使 <名稱> 成為指向一個以其值為名稱的變數引用\n"
" -r\t將 <名稱> 變為唯讀\n"
" -u\t將每個 <名稱> 的值在指派時轉為大寫\n"
" -x\t將 <名稱> 匯出\n"
" \n"
-" 用「+」代替「-」會關閉指定選項。\n"
+" 用「+」代替「-」會關閉指定屬性。\n"
" \n"
-" 帶有整數屬性的變數在指派時將使用算術求值(見\n"
-" 「let」指令)\n"
+" 帶有整數屬性的變數，會在指派時執行算術求值（見「let」指令）\n"
" \n"
" 在函數中使用時，「declare」使 <名稱> 成為本機變數，和「local」\n"
-" 指令一致。「-g」選項壓制這個行為\n"
+" 指令一致。「-g」選項會壓制本行為\n"
" \n"
" 結束狀態：\n"
-" 回傳成功除非使用了無效選項或者發生錯誤。"
+" 回傳成功，除非使用了無效選項，或者發生錯誤。"
#: builtins.c:532
msgid ""
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless NAME is not a shell builtin or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-"啟用和停用 shell 內建物件。\n"
+"啟用和停用 shell 內建命令。\n"
" \n"
" 啟用和停用 shell 的內建指令。停用使您能夠執行一個和內建\n"
" 指令同名磁碟上的指令，而無須使用完整的路徑名。\n"
" \n"
" 不帶選項時，每一個 <名稱> 內建都被啟用。\n"
" \n"
-" 如果要使用 $PATH 中找到的「test」而不是 shell 內建物件的版本，\n"
+" 如果要使用 $PATH 中找到的「test」而不是 shell 內建命令的版本，\n"
" 輸入「enable -n test」。\n"
" \n"
" 結束狀態：\n"
-" 回傳成功，除非 <名稱> 不是一個 shell 內建物件或者有錯誤發生。"
+" 回傳成功，除非 <名稱> 不是一個 shell 內建命令或者有錯誤發生。"
#: builtins.c:640
msgid ""
" 以指令的狀態結束，或者在指令為空的情況下回傳成功。"
#: builtins.c:652
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "Parse option arguments.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Getopts is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters\n"
-#| " as options.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " OPTSTRING contains the option letters to be recognized; if a letter\n"
-#| " is followed by a colon, the option is expected to have an argument,\n"
-#| " which should be separated from it by white space.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Each time it is invoked, getopts will place the next option in the\n"
-#| " shell variable $name, initializing name if it does not exist, and\n"
-#| " the index of the next argument to be processed into the shell\n"
-#| " variable OPTIND. OPTIND is initialized to 1 each time the shell or\n"
-#| " a shell script is invoked. When an option requires an argument,\n"
-#| " getopts places that argument into the shell variable OPTARG.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " getopts reports errors in one of two ways. If the first character\n"
-#| " of OPTSTRING is a colon, getopts uses silent error reporting. In\n"
-#| " this mode, no error messages are printed. If an invalid option is\n"
-#| " seen, getopts places the option character found into OPTARG. If a\n"
-#| " required argument is not found, getopts places a ':' into NAME and\n"
-#| " sets OPTARG to the option character found. If getopts is not in\n"
-#| " silent mode, and an invalid option is seen, getopts places '?' into\n"
-#| " NAME and unsets OPTARG. If a required argument is not found, a '?'\n"
-#| " is placed in NAME, OPTARG is unset, and a diagnostic message is\n"
-#| " printed.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " If the shell variable OPTERR has the value 0, getopts disables the\n"
-#| " printing of error messages, even if the first character of\n"
-#| " OPTSTRING is not a colon. OPTERR has the value 1 by default.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Getopts normally parses the positional parameters ($0 - $9), but if\n"
-#| " more arguments are given, they are parsed instead.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Exit Status:\n"
-#| " Returns success if an option is found; fails if the end of options is\n"
-#| " encountered or an error occurs."
msgid ""
"Parse option arguments.\n"
" \n"
msgstr ""
"解析選項參數。\n"
" \n"
-" Getopts 被 shell 過程用於解析可定位的參數做為選項。\n"
-" \n"
-" \n"
-" <選項字串> 字串包含待識別的選項字母；如果一個字母後面跟\n"
-" 著分號，則該選項需要一個參數，而該參數應用空格與選項分開。\n"
+" Getopts 被 shell 過程用來將可定位的參數解析為選項。\n"
" \n"
+" <選項字串> 字串包含待識別的選項字母。如果一個字母後面跟\n"
+" 著分號，則該選項需要一個參數，這個參數應利用空格與選項分開。\n"
" \n"
-" æ¯\8f次å\95\9få\8b\95時，getopts 會將下一個選項放到 shell 變數 $name\n"
+" æ¯\8f次å\91¼å\8f«時，getopts 會將下一個選項放到 shell 變數 $name\n"
" 中，如果 name 變數不存在則先將其初始化，而下一個待處\n"
" 理的參數序號放入 shell 變數 OPTIND 中。OPTIND 變數在每\n"
" 次 shell 或者 shell 指令稿啟動時都被初始化為 1。當一個選項要\n"
" 中。\n"
" \n"
" getopts 有兩種通報錯誤的方法。如果 <選項字串> 變數的第\n"
-" 一個字元是冒號，getopts 使用沉默錯誤通報。在這種模式\n"
-" 下，不會印發生錯誤誤訊息。如果看到了一個無效的選項，\n"
-" getopts 將找到的選項字元放至 OPTARG 變數中。如果一個必\n"
-" 須的選項沒有找到，getopts 放一個「:」到 <名稱> 變數中並且設\n"
-" 置 OPTARG 變數為找到的選項字元。如果 getopts 不在沉默模\n"
-" 式中，並且遇到了一個無效的選項，getopts 放置一個「?」到 <名稱> \n"
-" 變數中並且取消設定 OPTARG 變數。如果必須的選項沒有找到，\n"
-" 一個「?」會被放入 <名稱> 變數中，OPTARG 將被取消設定，並且會\n"
-" 印出一個診斷資訊。\n"
-" \n"
-" 如果 shell 變數 OPTERR 的值為 0，getopts 停用\n"
-" 錯誤資訊的印出，即使 <選項字串> 變數的第一個字元不是一\n"
-" 個冒號。OPTERR 的預設值為 1。\n"
-" \n"
-" Getopts 通常解析可定位的參數($0 - $9)，不過如果提供了\n"
-" 更多的參數，它們反而會被解析。\n"
+" 一個字元是冒號，getopts 進入靜默錯誤回報模式。在這種模式\n"
+" 下，不會輸出錯誤訊息。若看到了無效選項，getopts 將找到的\n"
+" 選項字元放至 OPTARG 變數中。如果找不到必要引數，getopts\n"
+" 會放一個「:」到 <名稱> 變數，並將 OPTARG 設為找到的選項字元\n"
+" 。如果 getopts 不在靜默模式中，並且遇到了一個無效的選項，\n"
+" getopts 會放置一個「?」到 <名稱> 變數，並取消設定 OPTARG。\n"
+" 如果找不到必要引數，則會在 NAME 放置「?」、取消設定 OPTARG，\n"
+" 並且會輸出診斷資訊。\n"
+" \n"
+" 如果 shell 變數 OPTERR 的值為 0，getopts 停止輸出錯誤訊息，\n"
+" 即使 <選項字串> 變數的第一個字元不是冒號。OPTERR 的預設值為 1。\n"
+" \n"
+" Getopts 通常解析可定位的參數（$0 - $9），不過如果提供了\n"
+" 更多的參數，會改解析這些引數。\n"
" \n"
" 結束狀態：\n"
-" 如果一個選項被找到則回傳成功；如果遇到了選項的結尾或者\n"
-" 有錯誤發生則回傳失敗。"
+" 找到選項則回傳成功；如果選項提早結束，或者有錯誤發生，\n"
+" 則回傳失敗。"
#: builtins.c:694
msgid ""
" -l\t列出訊號名稱；如果參數後跟「-l」則被假設為訊號編號，\n"
" \t而相應的訊號名稱會被列出\n"
" \n"
-" Kill 成為 shell 內建物件有兩個理由：它允許使用工作編號而不是行程識別碼，\n"
+" Kill 成為 shell 內建命令有兩個理由：它允許使用工作編號而不是行程識別碼，\n"
" 並且在可以建立的行程數上限達到時允許行程被砍除。\n"
" \n"
" 結束狀態：\n"
" \t不回傳「file」時，不回傳任何值。\n"
" -t\t回傳下列詞中的任何一個「alias」、「keyword」、\n"
" \t「function」、「builtin」、「file」或者「」，如果 <名稱> 是相應的\n"
-" \t一個別名、shell 保留字、shell 函數、shell 內建物件、\n"
+" \t一個別名、shell 保留字、shell 函數、shell 內建命令、\n"
" \t磁碟檔案或沒有找到。\n"
" \n"
" 參數：\n"
" 如果所有的 <名稱> 指令都找到則回傳成功；任何找不到則失敗。"
#: builtins.c:1431
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "Modify shell resource limits.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Provides control over the resources available to the shell and processes\n"
-#| " it creates, on systems that allow such control.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Options:\n"
-#| " -S\tuse the `soft' resource limit\n"
-#| " -H\tuse the `hard' resource limit\n"
-#| " -a\tall current limits are reported\n"
-#| " -b\tthe socket buffer size\n"
-#| " -c\tthe maximum size of core files created\n"
-#| " -d\tthe maximum size of a process's data segment\n"
-#| " -e\tthe maximum scheduling priority (`nice')\n"
-#| " -f\tthe maximum size of files written by the shell and its children\n"
-#| " -i\tthe maximum number of pending signals\n"
-#| " -k\tthe maximum number of kqueues allocated for this process\n"
-#| " -l\tthe maximum size a process may lock into memory\n"
-#| " -m\tthe maximum resident set size\n"
-#| " -n\tthe maximum number of open file descriptors\n"
-#| " -p\tthe pipe buffer size\n"
-#| " -q\tthe maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues\n"
-#| " -r\tthe maximum real-time scheduling priority\n"
-#| " -s\tthe maximum stack size\n"
-#| " -t\tthe maximum amount of cpu time in seconds\n"
-#| " -u\tthe maximum number of user processes\n"
-#| " -v\tthe size of virtual memory\n"
-#| " -x\tthe maximum number of file locks\n"
-#| " -P\tthe maximum number of pseudoterminals\n"
-#| " -T\tthe maximum number of threads\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Not all options are available on all platforms.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " If LIMIT is given, it is the new value of the specified resource; the\n"
-#| " special LIMIT values `soft', `hard', and `unlimited' stand for the\n"
-#| " current soft limit, the current hard limit, and no limit, respectively.\n"
-#| " Otherwise, the current value of the specified resource is printed. If\n"
-#| " no option is given, then -f is assumed.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -t, which is in seconds,\n"
-#| " -p, which is in increments of 512 bytes, and -u, which is an unscaled\n"
-#| " number of processes.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Exit Status:\n"
-#| " Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs."
msgid ""
"Modify shell resource limits.\n"
" \n"
msgstr ""
"修改 shell 資源限制。\n"
" \n"
-" 在允許此類控制的系統上，提供對於 shell 及其建立的行程所可用的\n"
-" 資源的控制。\n"
+" 在允許此類控制的系統上，提供對 shell 及其建立的行程，\n"
+" 可用資源的控制。\n"
" \n"
" 選項：\n"
-" -S\t使用軟 (「soft」) 資源限制\n"
-" -H\t使用硬 (「hard」) 資源限制\n"
-" -a\t所有目前限制都被通報\n"
-" -b\té\80\9aè¨\8a端快å\8f\96尺寸\n"
-" -c\t建立核心檔案的最大尺寸\n"
-" -d\t一個行程的資料區最大尺寸\n"
-" -e\t最高的排程優先順序 (「nice」)\n"
-" -f\t有 shell 及其子行程可以寫入的最大檔案尺寸\n"
-" -i\t最多可以暫停的訊號數\n"
-" -k\t為這個進程所分配的最大 kqueues 數量\n"
-" -l\t一個行程可以鎖定的最大記憶體尺寸\n"
-" -m\t最大的記憶體進駐尺寸\n"
-" -n\t最多開啟的檔案描述符個數\n"
-" -p\t管é\81\93ç·©è¡\9då\8d\80尺寸\n"
-" -q\tPOSIX è³\87è¨\8a佇列的最大位元組數\n"
+" -S\t使用彈性（「soft」）資源限制\n"
+" -H\t使用固定（「hard」）資源限制\n"
+" -a\t回報目前的所有限制\n"
+" -b\té\80\9aè¨\8a端快å\8f\96大å°\8f\n"
+" -c\t建立之核心檔案的最大大小\n"
+" -d\t一個行程資料區的最大大小\n"
+" -e\t最高的排程優先順序（「nice」）\n"
+" -f\tshell 及其子行程可寫入的最大檔案大小\n"
+" -i\t最多可以暫停的信號數\n"
+" -k\t為本行程分配之最大 kqueues 數量\n"
+" -l\t一個行程可能鎖定的最大記憶體尺寸\n"
+" -m\t最大的常駐記憶體大小\n"
+" -n\t最多可開啟之檔案描述元個數\n"
+" -p\t管é\81\93ç·©è¡\9då\8d\80大å°\8f\n"
+" -q\tPOSIX è¨\8aæ\81¯佇列的最大位元組數\n"
" -r\t即時排程的最大優先順序\n"
" -s\t最大堆疊尺寸\n"
-" -P\t偽終端的最大數量\n"
-" -t\t最大的 CPU 時間，以秒為單位\n"
+" -t\t最多可用的 CPU 時間，以秒為單位\n"
" -u\t最大使用者行程數\n"
" -v\t虛擬記憶體尺寸\n"
" -x\t最大的檔案鎖數量\n"
+" -P\t最大可開啟的偽終端數量\n"
+" -R\t一個即時執行緒在堵塞前可執行的最長時間\n"
" -T\t最大執行緒數量\n"
" \n"
" 並非所有選項在所有系統上可用。\n"
" \n"
-" å¦\82æ\9e\9cæ\8f\90ä¾\9bäº\86 LIMIT è®\8aæ\95¸ï¼\8cå\89\87å®\83ç\82ºæ\8c\87å®\9aè³\87æº\90ç\9a\84æ\96°å\80¼ï¼\9bç\89¹å\88¥ç\9a\84 LIMIT å\80¼ç\82º\n"
-" 「soft」、「hard」和「unlimited」，分別表示目前的軟限制，硬限制和無限制。\n"
-" 否則印出指定資源的目前限制值，不帶選項則假定為 -f\n"
+" å¦\82æ\9e\9cæ\9c\89æ\8c\87å®\9a LIMITï¼\8cå\89\87é\80\99å\80\8bè®\8aæ\95¸æ\98¯æ\8c\87å®\9aè³\87æº\90ç\9a\84æ\96°æ\95¸å\80¼ï¼\9bç\89¹æ®\8a LIMIT æ\95¸å\80¼\n"
+" 「soft」、「hard」和「unlimited」，分別表示目前的彈性限制、固定限制和\n"
+" 無限制。若未指定，則輸出指定資源的目前限制值，不傳入選項則假定為 -f\n"
" \n"
-" 取值都是 1024 位元組為單位，除了 -t 以秒為單位，-p 以 512 位元組遞增，\n"
-" -u ç\82ºç\84¡å°ºåº¦的行程數量。\n"
+" 取值都是 1024 位元組為單位，除了 -t 以秒為單位、-p 以 512 位元組遞增、\n"
+" -u ç\82ºç\84¡å\96®ä½\8d的行程數量。\n"
" \n"
" 結束狀態：\n"
" 回傳成功，除非使用了無效的選項或者錯誤發生。"
" 回傳成功，除非使用了無效的 MODE 模式或者選項。"
#: builtins.c:1502
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "Wait for job completion and return exit status.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or a\n"
-#| " job specification, and reports its termination status. If ID is not\n"
-#| " given, waits for all currently active child processes, and the return\n"
-#| " status is zero. If ID is a job specification, waits for all processes\n"
-#| " in that job's pipeline.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " If the -n option is supplied, waits for the next job to terminate and\n"
-#| " returns its exit status.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " If the -f option is supplied, and job control is enabled, waits for the\n"
-#| " specified ID to terminate, instead of waiting for it to change status.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Exit Status:\n"
-#| " Returns the status of the last ID; fails if ID is invalid or an invalid\n"
-#| " option is given."
msgid ""
"Wait for job completion and return exit status.\n"
" \n"
msgstr ""
"等待工作完成並回傳結束狀態。\n"
" \n"
-" ç\89å¾\85以 ID ç·¨è\99\9fè\98å\88¥ç\9a\84è¡\8cç¨\8bï¼\8cå\85¶ä¸ ID å\8f¯ä»¥æ\98¯è¡\8cç¨\8bç·¨è\99\9fæ\88\96è\80\85å·¥ä½\9cè¦\8fæ ¼ï¼\8c\n"
-" 並通報它的終止狀態。如果 ID 沒有給出，則等待所有的目前活躍子\n"
-" 行程，並且回傳狀態為零。如果 ID 是工作規格，等待工作管道中的\n"
+" ç\89å¾\85以 ID ç·¨è\99\9fè\98å\88¥ç\9a\84è¡\8cç¨\8bï¼\8då\85¶ä¸ ID å\8f¯ä»¥æ\98¯è¡\8cç¨\8bç·¨è\99\9fæ\88\96è\80\85å·¥ä½\9cè¦\8fæ ¼â\80\94\n"
+" 並回報其終止狀態。若未指定 ID，則等待所有的目前活躍子行程，\n"
+" 並設定回傳狀態為 0。如果 ID 是工作規格，則等待工作管線中的\n"
" 所有行程。\n"
" \n"
-" 若指定了 -n 選項，等待下一個工作完成並回傳其狀態。\n"
+" 若指定了 -n 選項，則等待 ID 清單中的單一個工作；若未指定，則\n"
+" 等待下一個工作完成，並回傳其結束狀態。\n"
" \n"
-" 如果指定了 -f 選項且啟用工作管理，則等待指定 ID 終止，而非\n"
-" 等到其變更狀態。\n"
+" 如果指定了 -p 選項，則會將選項引數中命名的 VAR 變數，指定\n"
+" 為回傳結束狀態之工作的行程或工作識別子。這個變數在指定前，\n"
+" 會先進行 unset。這個僅在指定 -n 選項時有幫助。\n"
+"\n"
+" 如果指定了 -f 選項且有啟用工作管理，則等待指定 ID 終止，\n"
+" 而非等待其變更狀態。\n"
" \n"
" 結束狀態：\n"
-" 回傳最後一個 ID 行程的狀態；如果使用了無效的 ID 或者選項則失敗。"
+" 回傳最後一個 ID 行程的狀態；如果 ID 或指定之選項無效；\n"
+" 或有指定 -n，shell 卻沒有要不等待 (unwaited) 的子行程，\n"
+" 則回傳失敗。"
#: builtins.c:1533
msgid ""
" 回傳成功，除非使用了無效的選項或者發生寫入或指派錯誤。"
#: builtins.c:1971
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "Specify how arguments are to be completed by Readline.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no options\n"
-#| " are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way that\n"
-#| " allows them to be reused as input.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Options:\n"
-#| " -p\tprint existing completion specifications in a reusable format\n"
-#| " -r\tremove a completion specification for each NAME, or, if no\n"
-#| " \t\tNAMEs are supplied, all completion specifications\n"
-#| " -D\tapply the completions and actions as the default for commands\n"
-#| " \t\twithout any specific completion defined\n"
-#| " -E\tapply the completions and actions to \"empty\" commands --\n"
-#| " \t\tcompletion attempted on a blank line\n"
-#| " -I\tapply the completions and actions to the initial (usually the\n"
-#| " \t\tcommand) word\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " When completion is attempted, the actions are applied in the order the\n"
-#| " uppercase-letter options are listed above. If multiple options are supplied,\n"
-#| " the -D option takes precedence over -E, and both take precedence over -I.\n"
-#| " \n"
-#| " Exit Status:\n"
-#| " Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs."
msgid ""
"Specify how arguments are to be completed by Readline.\n"
" \n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-"規範 readline 如何完成讀取參數。\n"
+"指定 readline 如何完成讀取引數。\n"
" \n"
-" 規格對於每一個<名稱>如何完成讀取參數。如果不帶選項，\n"
-" ç\8f¾æ\9c\89ç\9a\84è£\9cå®\8cè¦\8fæ ¼æ\9c\83以å\8f¯ä»¥é\87\8dç\94¨ç\82ºè¼¸å\85¥ç\9a\84æ ¼å¼\8få\8d°出。\n"
+" 指定每一個 <名稱> 如何完成讀取參數。如果不指定選項，\n"
+" ç\8f¾æ\9c\89ç\9a\84è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90è¦\8fæ ¼æ\9c\83以å\8f¯ä»¥é\87\8dæ\96°ä½\9cç\82ºè¼¸å\85¥ä½¿ç\94¨ç\9a\84æ ¼å¼\8f輸出。\n"
" \n"
" 選項：\n"
-" -p\t以可重用的格式印出現有的補完規格。\n"
-" -r\t對於每個<名稱>刪除補完規格，或者如果沒有提供<名稱>\n"
-" \tå\90\8d稱ï¼\8cå\88ªé\99¤æ\89\80æ\9c\89ç\9a\84è£\9cå®\8c規格。\n"
-" -D\tå°\8dæ\96¼æ²\92æ\9c\89è£\9cå®\8cè¦\8fæ ¼å®\9a義ç\9a\84æ\8c\87令ï¼\8cè¨å®\9aé \90è¨ç\9a\84è£\9cå®\8c動作\n"
-" -E\t對於「empty」指令設定補完動作，—— 對於空列的補完。\n"
-" -I\tå¥\97ç\94¨è£\9cå®\8cå\92\8cå\8b\95ä½\9cå\88°é¦\96å\80\8b (é\80\9a常æ\98¯æ\8c\87令) å\96®è©\9e\n"
-" \n"
-" 嘗試補完時，按照上述大寫字母選項的順序進行動作。 如果傳入了多個選項，\n"
+" -p\t以可重用的格式輸出現有的自動完成規格。\n"
+" -r\t移除每個 <名稱> 的自動完成規格。若未指定 <名稱>\n"
+" \tå\89\87移é\99¤æ\89\80æ\9c\89è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90規格。\n"
+" -D\tå°\8dæ\96¼æ²\92æ\9c\89è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90è¦\8fæ ¼å®\9a義ç\9a\84å\91½ä»¤ï¼\8cè¨å®\9aé \90è¨ç\9a\84è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90動作\n"
+" -E\t對於「empty」指令——嘗試對空白列進行自動完成——套用自動完成和動作。\n"
+" -I\tå¥\97ç\94¨è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90å\92\8cå\8b\95ä½\9cå\88°é¦\96å\80\8bï¼\88é\80\9a常æ\98¯å\91½ä»¤ï¼\89å\96®å\97\n"
+" \n"
+" 發起自動完成嘗試時，將依上述大寫字母選項的順序進行動作。若傳入了多個選項，\n"
" -D 選項優先於 -E 選項，而兩者優先於 -I 選項。\n"
" \n"
" 結束狀態：\n"
" Exit Status:\n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs."
msgstr ""
-"ä¾\9dæ\93\9aé\81¸é \85顯示å\8f¯è\83½ç\9a\84è£\9cå®\8c。\n"
+"ä¾\9dæ\93\9aé\81¸é \85顯示å\8f¯è\83½ç\9a\84è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90建è°。\n"
" \n"
-" æ\84\8få\9c\96å\9c¨è\83½ç\94¢ç\94\9få\8f¯è\83½ç\9a\84è£\9cå®\8c shell 函數內部使用。\n"
+" æ\84\8få\9c\96å\9c¨è\83½ç\94¢ç\94\9få\8f¯è\83½ç\9a\84è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90 shell 函數內部使用。\n"
" 如果提供了可選的 WORD 參數，則產生按照 WORD\n"
" 進行的符合。\n"
" \n"
" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or NAME does not\n"
" have a completion specification defined."
msgstr ""
-"ä¿®æ\94¹æ\88\96顯示è£\9cå®\8c選項。\n"
+"ä¿®æ\94¹æ\88\96顯示è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90選項。\n"
" \n"
-" ä¿®æ\94¹æ¯\8få\80\8b <å\90\8d稱> ç\9a\84è£\9cå®\8cé\81¸é \85ï¼\8cæ\88\96å¦\82æ\9e\9cæ²\92æ\9c\89æ\8f\90ä¾\9b <å\90\8d稱>ï¼\8cå\9f·è¡\8cç\9b®å\89\8dç\9a\84è£\9cå®\8c。\n"
-" å¦\82æ\9e\9cä¸\8d帶é\81¸é \85ï¼\8cå\8d°å\87ºæ¯\8få\80\8b <å\90\8d稱> ç\9a\84è£\9cå®\8cé\81¸é \85æ\88\96ç\9b®å\89\8dç\9a\84è£\9cå®\8c規格。\n"
+" ä¿®æ\94¹æ¯\8få\80\8b <å\90\8d稱> ç\9a\84è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90é\81¸é \85ï¼\8cæ\88\96å¦\82æ\9e\9cæ²\92æ\9c\89æ\8f\90ä¾\9b <å\90\8d稱>ï¼\8cå\9f·è¡\8cç\9b®å\89\8dç\9a\84è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90。\n"
+" å¦\82æ\9e\9cä¸\8d帶é\81¸é \85ï¼\8cå\8d°å\87ºæ¯\8få\80\8b <å\90\8d稱> ç\9a\84è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90é\81¸é \85æ\88\96ç\9b®å\89\8dç\9a\84è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90規格。\n"
" \n"
" 選項：\n"
-" \t-o option\tç\82ºæ¯\8få\80\8b <å\90\8d稱> è¨å®\9aè£\9cå®\8c選項 option\n"
-" \t-D\t\tç\82ºã\80\8cdefaultã\80\8dæ\8c\87令è£\9cå®\8c變更選項\n"
-" \t-E\t\tç\82ºã\80\8cemptyã\80\8dæ\8c\87令è£\9cå®\8c變更選項\n"
-" \t-I\t\tç\82ºé¦\96å\96®è©\9eä¸\8aç\9a\84è£\9cå®\8c變更選項\n"
+" \t-o option\tç\82ºæ¯\8få\80\8b <å\90\8d稱> è¨å®\9aè\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90選項 option\n"
+" \t-D\t\tç\82ºã\80\8cdefaultã\80\8dæ\8c\87令è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90變更選項\n"
+" \t-E\t\tç\82ºã\80\8cemptyã\80\8dæ\8c\87令è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90變更選項\n"
+" \t-I\t\tç\82ºé¦\96å\96®è©\9eä¸\8aç\9a\84è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90變更選項\n"
" \n"
" 使用「+o」而不是「-o」可以關閉指定的選項。\n"
" \n"
" 參數：\n"
" \n"
-" æ¯\8få\80\8b <å\90\8d稱> é\83½å°\8dæ\87\89ä¸\80å\80\8bä¹\8bå\89\8d以è\97\89ç\94±ã\80\8ccompleteã\80\8då\85§å»ºå®\9a義äº\86è£\9cå®\8c規格的\n"
-" æ\8c\87令ã\80\82å¦\82æ\9e\9cä¸\8dæ\8f\90ä¾\9b <å\90\8d稱>ï¼\8cç\9b®å\89\8dç\94¢ç\94\9fè£\9cå®\8c的函數必須呼叫 compopt，\n"
-" 並ä¸\94ç\9b®å\89\8då\9f·è¡\8cç\9a\84è£\9cå®\8c產生器選項會被修改。\n"
+" æ¯\8få\80\8b <å\90\8d稱> é\83½å°\8dæ\87\89ä¸\80å\80\8bä¹\8bå\89\8d以è\97\89ç\94±ã\80\8ccompleteã\80\8då\85§å»ºå®\9a義äº\86è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90規格的\n"
+" æ\8c\87令ã\80\82å¦\82æ\9e\9cä¸\8dæ\8f\90ä¾\9b <å\90\8d稱>ï¼\8cç\9b®å\89\8dç\94¢ç\94\9fè\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90的函數必須呼叫 compopt，\n"
+" 並ä¸\94ç\9b®å\89\8då\9f·è¡\8cç\9a\84è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90產生器選項會被修改。\n"
" \n"
" 結束狀態：\n"
-" å\9b\9eå\82³æ\88\90å\8a\9fï¼\8cé\99¤é\9d\9e使ç\94¨äº\86ç\84¡æ\95\88ç\9a\84é\81¸é \85æ\88\96è\80\85 <å\90\8d稱> æ²\92æ\9c\89å®\9a義è£\9cå®\8c規格。"
+" å\9b\9eå\82³æ\88\90å\8a\9fï¼\8cé\99¤é\9d\9e使ç\94¨äº\86ç\84¡æ\95\88ç\9a\84é\81¸é \85æ\88\96è\80\85 <å\90\8d稱> æ²\92æ\9c\89å®\9a義è\87ªå\8b\95å®\8cæ\88\90規格。"
#: builtins.c:2047
msgid ""
/* print_command -- A way to make readable commands from a command tree. */
-/* Copyright (C) 1989-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* Copyright (C) 1989-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
else
hdtail = heredocs = newredir;
}
+#if 0
+ /* Remove this heuristic now that the command printing code doesn't
+ unconditionally put in the redirector file descriptor. */
else if (redirects->instruction == r_duplicating_output_word && (redirects->flags & REDIR_VARASSIGN) == 0 && redirects->redirector.dest == 1)
{
/* Temporarily translate it as the execution code does. */
print_redirection (redirects);
redirects->instruction = r_duplicating_output_word;
}
+#endif
else
print_redirection (redirects);
case r_duplicating_input_word:
if (redirect->rflags & REDIR_VARASSIGN)
cprintf ("{%s}<&%s", redir_word->word, redirectee->word);
+ else if (redirector == 0)
+ cprintf ("<&%s", redirectee->word);
else
cprintf ("%d<&%s", redirector, redirectee->word);
break;
case r_duplicating_output_word:
if (redirect->rflags & REDIR_VARASSIGN)
cprintf ("{%s}>&%s", redir_word->word, redirectee->word);
+ else if (redirector == 1)
+ cprintf (">&%s", redirectee->word);
else
cprintf ("%d>&%s", redirector, redirectee->word);
break;
return fd;
}
-#if defined (HEREDOC_PIPESIZE)
+ if (shell_compatibility_level <= 50)
+ goto use_tempfile;
+
+#if HEREDOC_PIPESIZE
/* Try to use a pipe internal to this process if the document is shorter
than the system's pipe capacity (computed at build time). We want to
write the entire document without write blocking. */
int *token_state;
char *token;
- int token_buffer_size;
+ size_t token_buffer_size;
int eof_token;
/* input line state -- line number saved elsewhere */
char *string, *pat, *rep;
int global;
{
- int patlen, replen, templen, tempsize, repl, i;
+ size_t patlen, replen, templen, tempsize, i;
+ int repl;
char *temp, *r;
patlen = strlen (pat);
int flags;
{
char *ret, *p, *r, *t;
- int len, rlen, ind, tlen;
+ size_t len, rlen, ind, tlen;
int do_glob, escape_backslash;
do_glob = flags & 1;
to the != or == operator, and should be treated as a pattern. In
this case, we quote the string specially for the globbing code. If
SPECIAL is 2, this is an rhs argument for the =~ operator, and should
- be quoted appropriately for regcomp/regexec. The caller is responsible
+ be quoted appropriately for regcomp/regexec. If SPECIAL is 3, this is
+ an array subscript and should be quoted after expansion so it's only
+ expanded once (Q_ARITH). The caller is responsible
for removing the backslashes if the unquoted word is needed later. In
any case, since we don't perform word splitting, we need to do quoted
null character removal. */
line terminated with a backslash
./comsub-posix1.sub: line 1: syntax error near unexpected token `)'
./comsub-posix1.sub: line 1: `echo $( if x; then echo foo )'
-after
swap32_posix is a function
swap32_posix ()
{
));
done
}
-./comsub-posix5.sub: line 37: syntax error near unexpected token `done'
-./comsub-posix5.sub: line 37: `: $(case x in x) ;; x) done esac)'
-./comsub-posix5.sub: line 38: syntax error near unexpected token `done'
-./comsub-posix5.sub: line 38: `: $(case x in x) ;; x) done ;; esac)'
-./comsub-posix5.sub: line 39: syntax error near unexpected token `esac'
-./comsub-posix5.sub: line 39: `: $(case x in x) (esac) esac)'
+bash: -c: line 1: syntax error near unexpected token `done'
+bash: -c: line 1: `: $(case x in x) ;; x) done esac)'
+bash: -c: line 1: syntax error near unexpected token `done'
+bash: -c: line 1: `: $(case x in x) ;; x) done ;; esac)'
+bash: -c: line 1: syntax error near unexpected token `esac'
+bash: -c: line 1: `: $(case x in x) (esac) esac)'
bash: -c: line 1: syntax error near unexpected token `in'
bash: -c: line 1: `: $(case x in esac|in) foo;; esac)'
bash: -c: line 1: syntax error near unexpected token `done'
bash: -c: line 1: `: $(case x in x) ;; x) done)'
+case: -c: line 3: syntax error near unexpected token `esac'
+case: -c: line 3: `$( esac ; bar=foo ; echo "$bar")) echo bad 2;;'
+ok 2
+inside outside
+ok 3
+syntax-error: -c: line 2: syntax error near unexpected token `done'
+syntax-error: -c: line 2: `: $(case x in x) ;; x) done ;; esac)'
yes
)
${THIS_SH} ./comsub-posix1.sub
-
${THIS_SH} ./comsub-posix2.sub
-
${THIS_SH} ./comsub-posix3.sub
#${THIS_SH} ./comsub-posix4.sub
${THIS_SH} ./comsub-posix5.sub
+${THIS_SH} ./comsub-posix6.sub
# produced a parse error through bash-4.0-beta2
: $(echo foo)"
echo $( if x; then echo foo )
-echo after
+echo should not see this
: $(case x in x) (echo esac) esac)
# these errors should be caught sooner
-: $(case x in x) ;; x) done esac)
-: $(case x in x) ;; x) done ;; esac)
-: $(case x in x) (esac) esac)
+${THIS_SH} -c ': $(case x in x) ;; x) done esac)' bash
+${THIS_SH} -c ': $(case x in x) ;; x) done ;; esac)' bash
+${THIS_SH} -c ': $(case x in x) (esac) esac)' bash
# these are not errors
: $(case x in x) ;; x) eval done ;; esac)
--- /dev/null
+: ${THIS_SH:=./bash}
+
+# comsub should not inherit PST_COMPASSIGN
+
+C=($(echo "${A[@]}" | \
+ (while read -d ' ' i; do
+ C=(${C/ ${i%% *} / })
+ done
+ echo ${C[@]})))
+
+# comsub should not inherit PST_CASEPAT
+
+${THIS_SH} -c '
+case foo in
+$( esac ; bar=foo ; echo "$bar")) echo bad 2;;
+*) echo ok 2;;
+esac
+
+echo we should not see this' case
+
+# comsub should not inherit PST_SUBSHELL
+
+${THIS_SH} -c '( case foo in
+ ( $(echo foo | cat )) echo ok 2;;
+ *) echo bad 2;;
+ esac
+
+ echo $( echo inside ) outside )' subshell
+
+# comsub should not inherit PST_REDIRLIST
+
+${THIS_SH} -c '
+{fd}</dev/null {fd2}<$(foo=/dev/null ; echo $foo) exec
+case $fd2 in
+[0-9]*) echo ok 3 ;;
+*) echo bad 3 ;;
+esac' redirlist
+
+# comsub should exit on syntax error while parsing
+${THIS_SH} -c '
+: $(case x in x) ;; x) done ;; esac)
+
+echo after syntax error' syntax-error
./errors.tests: line 177: declare: VAR: readonly variable
./errors.tests: line 179: declare: unset: not found
./errors.tests: line 182: VAR: readonly variable
-./errors.tests: line 185: syntax error near unexpected token `)'
-./errors.tests: line 185: `: $( for z in 1 2 3; do )'
-./errors.tests: line 186: syntax error near unexpected token `done'
-./errors.tests: line 186: `: $( for z in 1 2 3; done )'
+comsub: -c: line 1: syntax error near unexpected token `)'
+comsub: -c: line 1: `: $( for z in 1 2 3; do )'
+comsub: -c: line 1: syntax error near unexpected token `done'
+comsub: -c: line 1: `: $( for z in 1 2 3; done )'
./errors.tests: line 189: cd: HOME not set
./errors.tests: line 190: cd: /tmp/xyz.bash: No such file or directory
./errors.tests: line 192: cd: OLDPWD not set
# iteration variable in a for statement being readonly
for VAR in 1 2 3 ; do echo $VAR; done
-# parser errors
-: $( for z in 1 2 3; do )
-: $( for z in 1 2 3; done )
+# parser errors; caught early so we have to run them in subshells
+${THIS_SH} -c ': $( for z in 1 2 3; do )' comsub
+${THIS_SH} -c ': $( for z in 1 2 3; done )' comsub
# various `cd' errors
( unset HOME ; cd )
# test splitting on characters instead of bytes
${THIS_SH} ./intl3.sub
-${THIS_SH} ./unicode1.sub 2>/dev/null
+${THIS_SH} ./unicode1.sub # 2>/dev/null
${THIS_SH} ./unicode2.sub
${THIS_SH} ./unicode3.sub 2>&1
)
# this locale causes problems all over the place
-if locale -a | grep -i '^fr_FR\.ISO8859.*1' >/dev/null ; then
+if locale -a | grep -i '^fr_FR\.ISO8859.*1$' >/dev/null ; then
TestCodePage fr_FR.ISO8859-1 fr_FR_ISO_8859_1
else
echo "unicode1.sub: warning: you do not have the fr_FR.ISO8859-1 locale installed;" >&2
- echo "unicode1.sub: that will cause some of these tests to fail." >&2
+ echo "unicode1.sub: that will cause some of these tests to be skipped." >&2
fi
-
zh_TW_BIG5=(
[0x00f6]=$'\366' [0x00f7]=$'\367' [0x00f8]=$'\370' [0x00f9]=$'\371' [0x00fa]=$'\372'
[0x00fb]=$'\373' [0x00fc]=$'\374' [0x00fd]=$'\375' [0x00fe]=$'\376'
[0xFF9E]=$'\xDE' # HALFWIDTH KATAKANA VOICED SOUND MARK
[0xFF9F]=$'\xDF' # HALFWIDTH KATAKANA SEMI-VOICED SOUND MARK
)
+
#TestCodePage ja_JP.SHIFT_JIS jp_JP_SHIFT_JIS
-TestCodePage ja_JP.SJIS jp_JP_SHIFT_JIS
+if locale -a | grep -i '^ja_JP.SJIS' >/dev/null ; then
+ TestCodePage ja_JP.SJIS jp_JP_SHIFT_JIS
+else
+ echo "unicode1.sub: warning: you do not have the ja_JP.SJIS locale installed;" >&2
+ echo "unicode1.sub: that will cause some of these tests to be skipped." >&2
+fi
#for ((x=1;x<1000;x++)); do printf ' [0x%04x]=%-11q' "$x" "$(printf "$(printf '\\U%08x' $x)")" ; [ $(($x%5)) = 0 ] && echo; done
C_UTF_8=(
var = var_lookup (name, global_variables);
if (var && nameref_p (var))
- var = find_variable_nameref (var);
+ var = find_variable_nameref (var); /* XXX - find_global_variable_noref? */
if (var == 0)
return ((SHELL_VAR *)NULL);
return 0;
}
+int
+unbind_global_variable (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v, *nv;
+ int r;
+
+ v = var_lookup (name, global_variables);
+ /* This starts at the current scope, just like find_global_variable; should we
+ use find_global_variable_nameref here? */
+ nv = (v && nameref_p (v)) ? find_variable_nameref (v) : (SHELL_VAR *)NULL;
+
+ r = nv ? makunbound (nv->name, shell_variables) : makunbound (name, global_variables);
+ return r;
+}
+
+int
+unbind_global_variable_noref (name)
+ const char *name;
+{
+ SHELL_VAR *v;
+
+ v = var_lookup (name, global_variables);
+ if (v)
+ return makunbound (name, global_variables);
+ return 0;
+}
+
int
check_unbind_variable (name)
const char *name;
extern int check_unbind_variable PARAMS((const char *));
extern int unbind_nameref PARAMS((const char *));
extern int unbind_variable_noref PARAMS((const char *));
+extern int unbind_global_variable PARAMS((const char *));
+extern int unbind_global_variable_noref PARAMS((const char *));
extern int unbind_func PARAMS((const char *));
extern int unbind_function_def PARAMS((const char *));
extern int delete_var PARAMS((const char *, VAR_CONTEXT *));
static char *token = (char *)NULL;
/* Current size of the token buffer. */
-static int token_buffer_size;
+static size_t token_buffer_size;
/* Command to read_token () explaining what we want it to do. */
#define READ 0
pushed_string_list = (STRING_SAVER *)NULL;
/* State flags we don't want to persist into command substitutions. */
- parser_state &= ~(PST_REGEXP|PST_EXTPAT|PST_CONDCMD|PST_CONDEXPR);
+ parser_state &= ~(PST_REGEXP|PST_EXTPAT|PST_CONDCMD|PST_CONDEXPR|PST_COMPASSIGN);
+ /* Could do PST_CASESTMT too, but that also affects history. Setting
+ expecting_in_token below should take care of the parsing requirements.
+ Unsetting PST_REDIRLIST isn't strictly necessary because of how we set
+ token_to_read below, but we do it anyway. */
+ parser_state &= ~(PST_CASEPAT|PST_ALEXPNEXT|PST_SUBSHELL|PST_REDIRLIST);
/* State flags we want to set for this run through the parser. */
parser_state |= PST_CMDSUBST|PST_EOFTOKEN|PST_NOEXPAND;
else if (r != 0)
{
/* parser_error (start_lineno, _("could not parse command substitution")); */
- jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
+ /* Non-interactive shells exit on parse error in a command substitution. */
+ if (last_command_exit_value == 0)
+ last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
+ set_exit_status (last_command_exit_value);
+ if (interactive_shell == 0)
+ jump_to_top_level (FORCE_EOF); /* This is like reader_loop() */
+ else
+ jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
}
if (current_token != shell_eof_token)
clear_shell_input_line (); /* XXX */
if (bash_input.type != st_string) /* paranoia */
parser_state &= ~(PST_CMDSUBST|PST_EOFTOKEN);
- jump_to_top_level (-nc); /* XXX */
+ if ((flags & SX_NOLONGJMP) == 0)
+ jump_to_top_level (-nc); /* XXX */
}
/* Need to find how many characters parse_string() consumed, update
const char *whom;
{
WORD_LIST *wl;
- int tok, orig_current_token, orig_line_number, orig_input_terminator;
- int orig_line_count, orig_parser_state;
- int old_echo_input, old_expand_aliases, ea;
-#if defined (HISTORY)
- int old_remember_on_history, old_history_expansion_inhibited;
-#endif
+ int tok, orig_current_token, orig_line_number;
+ int orig_parser_state;
+ sh_parser_state_t ps;
+ int ea;
#if defined (HISTORY)
- old_remember_on_history = remember_on_history;
-# if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
- old_history_expansion_inhibited = history_expansion_inhibited;
-# endif
bash_history_disable ();
#endif
orig_line_number = line_number;
- orig_line_count = current_command_line_count;
- orig_input_terminator = shell_input_line_terminator;
- old_echo_input = echo_input_at_read;
- old_expand_aliases = expand_aliases;
+ save_parser_state (&ps);
push_stream (1);
if (ea = expanding_alias ())
parser_save_alias ();
- last_read_token = WORD; /* WORD to allow reserved words here */
+
+ /* WORD to avoid parsing reserved words as themselves and just parse them as
+ WORDs. */
+ last_read_token = WORD;
+
current_command_line_count = 0;
echo_input_at_read = expand_aliases = 0;
if (flags & 1)
{
- orig_parser_state = parser_state;
- parser_state |= PST_COMPASSIGN|PST_REPARSE;
+ orig_parser_state = parser_state; /* XXX - not needed? */
+ /* State flags we don't want to persist into compound assignments. */
parser_state &= ~PST_NOEXPAND; /* parse_comsub sentinel */
+ /* State flags we want to set for this run through the tokenizer. */
+ parser_state |= PST_COMPASSIGN|PST_REPARSE;
}
while ((tok = read_token (READ)) != yacc_EOF)
if (ea)
parser_restore_alias ();
-#if defined (HISTORY)
- remember_on_history = old_remember_on_history;
-# if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
- history_expansion_inhibited = old_history_expansion_inhibited;
-# endif /* BANG_HISTORY */
-#endif /* HISTORY */
-
- echo_input_at_read = old_echo_input;
- expand_aliases = old_expand_aliases;
-
- current_command_line_count = orig_line_count;
- shell_input_line_terminator = orig_input_terminator;
+ restore_parser_state (&ps);
if (flags & 1)
- parser_state = orig_parser_state;
+ parser_state = orig_parser_state; /* XXX - not needed? */
if (wl == &parse_string_error)
{
int *retlenp;
{
WORD_LIST *wl, *rl;
- int tok, orig_line_number, orig_token_size, orig_last_token, assignok;
- int orig_parser_state;
- char *saved_token, *ret;
+ int tok, orig_line_number, assignok;
+ sh_parser_state_t ps;
+ char *ret;
- saved_token = token;
- orig_token_size = token_buffer_size;
orig_line_number = line_number;
- orig_last_token = last_read_token;
- orig_parser_state = parser_state;
+ save_parser_state (&ps);
- last_read_token = WORD; /* WORD to allow reserved words here */
+ /* WORD to avoid parsing reserved words as themselves and just parse them as
+ WORDs. Plus it means we won't be in a command position and so alias
+ expansion won't happen. */
+ last_read_token = WORD;
token = (char *)NULL;
token_buffer_size = 0;
+ wl = (WORD_LIST *)NULL; /* ( */
assignok = parser_state&PST_ASSIGNOK; /* XXX */
- wl = (WORD_LIST *)NULL; /* ( */
- orig_parser_state = parser_state;
- parser_state &= ~PST_NOEXPAND;
+ /* State flags we don't want to persist into compound assignments. */
+ parser_state &= ~(PST_NOEXPAND|PST_CONDCMD|PST_CONDEXPR|PST_REGEXP|PST_EXTPAT);
+ /* State flags we want to set for this run through the tokenizer. */
parser_state |= PST_COMPASSIGN;
+ esacs_needed_count = expecting_in_token = 0;
+
while ((tok = read_token (READ)) != ')')
{
if (tok == '\n') /* Allow newlines in compound assignments */
wl = make_word_list (yylval.word, wl);
}
- FREE (token);
- token = saved_token;
- token_buffer_size = orig_token_size;
-
- parser_state = orig_parser_state;
+ restore_parser_state (&ps);
if (wl == &parse_string_error)
{
jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
}
- last_read_token = orig_last_token; /* XXX - was WORD? */
-
if (wl)
{
rl = REVERSE_LIST (wl, WORD_LIST *);
projects / thirdparty / bash.git / commitdiff
