[synopsis]
git history [<options>]
git history reword [<options>] <commit>
+git history split [<options>] <commit> [--] [<pathspec>...]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
provided, then this command will spawn an editor with the current
message of that commit.
+`split [--message=<message>] <commit> [--] [<pathspec>...]`::
+ Interactively split up <commit> into two commits by choosing
+ hunks introduced by it that will be moved into the new split-out
+ commit. These hunks will then be written into a new commit that
+ becomes the parent of the previous commit. The original commit
+ stays intact, except that its parent will be the newly split-out
+ commit.
++
+The commit message of the new commit will be asked for by launching the
+configured editor, unless it has been specified with the `-m` option.
+Authorship of the commit will be the same as for the original commit.
++
+If passed, _<pathspec>_ can be used to limit which changes shall be split out
+of the original commit. Files not matching any of the pathspecs will remain
+part of the original commit. For more details, see the 'pathspec' entry in
+linkgit:gitglossary[7].
++
+It is invalid to select either all or no hunks, as that would lead to
+one of the commits becoming empty.
+
CONFIGURATION
-------------
include::config/sequencer.adoc[]
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+Split a commit
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+----------
+$ git log --stat --oneline
+3f81232 (HEAD -> main) original
+ bar | 1 +
+ foo | 1 +
+ 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+)
+
+$ git history split HEAD --message="split-out commit"
+diff --git a/bar b/bar
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..5716ca5
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/bar
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++bar
+(1/1) Stage addition [y,n,q,a,d,e,p,?]? y
+
+diff --git a/foo b/foo
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..257cc56
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/foo
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++foo
+(1/1) Stage addition [y,n,q,a,d,e,p,?]? n
+
+$ git log --stat --oneline
+7cebe64 (HEAD -> main) original
+ foo | 1 +
+ 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+d1582f3 split-out commit
+ bar | 1 +
+ 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+----------
+
GIT
---
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
#define USE_THE_REPOSITORY_VARIABLE
#include "builtin.h"
+#include "cache-tree.h"
#include "commit-reach.h"
#include "commit.h"
#include "config.h"
#include "hex.h"
#include "oidmap.h"
#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "path.h"
+#include "read-cache.h"
#include "refs.h"
#include "replay.h"
#include "reset.h"
#include "revision.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
#include "sequencer.h"
#include "strvec.h"
#include "tree.h"
return ret;
}
+static int split_commit(struct repository *repo,
+ struct commit *original_commit,
+ struct pathspec *pathspec,
+ const char *commit_message,
+ struct object_id *out)
+{
+ struct interactive_options interactive_opts = INTERACTIVE_OPTIONS_INIT;
+ struct strbuf index_file = STRBUF_INIT, split_message = STRBUF_INIT;
+ struct child_process read_tree_cmd = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+ struct index_state index = INDEX_STATE_INIT(repo);
+ struct object_id original_commit_tree_oid, parent_tree_oid;
+ const char *original_message, *original_body, *ptr;
+ char original_commit_oid[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
+ char *original_author = NULL;
+ struct commit_list *parents = NULL;
+ struct commit *first_commit;
+ struct tree *split_tree;
+ size_t len;
+ int ret;
+
+ if (original_commit->parents)
+ parent_tree_oid = *get_commit_tree_oid(original_commit->parents->item);
+ else
+ oidcpy(&parent_tree_oid, repo->hash_algo->empty_tree);
+ original_commit_tree_oid = *get_commit_tree_oid(original_commit);
+
+ /*
+ * Construct the first commit. This is done by taking the original
+ * commit parent's tree and selectively patching changes from the diff
+ * between that parent and its child.
+ */
+ repo_git_path_replace(repo, &index_file, "%s", "history-split.index");
+
+ read_tree_cmd.git_cmd = 1;
+ strvec_pushf(&read_tree_cmd.env, "GIT_INDEX_FILE=%s", index_file.buf);
+ strvec_push(&read_tree_cmd.args, "read-tree");
+ strvec_push(&read_tree_cmd.args, oid_to_hex(&parent_tree_oid));
+ ret = run_command(&read_tree_cmd);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ goto out;
+
+ ret = read_index_from(&index, index_file.buf, repo->gitdir);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ ret = error(_("failed reading temporary index"));
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ oid_to_hex_r(original_commit_oid, &original_commit->object.oid);
+ ret = run_add_p_index(repo, &index, index_file.buf, &interactive_opts,
+ original_commit_oid, pathspec);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ goto out;
+
+ split_tree = write_in_core_index_as_tree(repo, &index);
+ if (!split_tree) {
+ ret = error(_("failed split tree"));
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ unlink(index_file.buf);
+
+ /*
+ * We disallow the cases where either the split-out commit or the
+ * original commit would become empty. Consequently, if we see that the
+ * new tree ID matches either of those trees we abort.
+ */
+ if (oideq(&split_tree->object.oid, &parent_tree_oid)) {
+ ret = error(_("split commit is empty"));
+ goto out;
+ } else if (oideq(&split_tree->object.oid, &original_commit_tree_oid)) {
+ ret = error(_("split commit tree matches original commit"));
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ /* We retain authorship of the original commit. */
+ original_message = repo_logmsg_reencode(repo, original_commit, NULL, NULL);
+ ptr = find_commit_header(original_message, "author", &len);
+ if (ptr)
+ original_author = xmemdupz(ptr, len);
+
+ ret = fill_commit_message(repo, &parent_tree_oid, &split_tree->object.oid,
+ "", commit_message, "split-out", &split_message);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ goto out;
+
+ ret = commit_tree(split_message.buf, split_message.len, &split_tree->object.oid,
+ original_commit->parents, &out[0], original_author, NULL);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ ret = error(_("failed writing split-out commit"));
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * The second commit is much simpler to construct, as we can simply use
+ * the original commit details, except that we adjust its parent to be
+ * the newly split-out commit.
+ */
+ find_commit_subject(original_message, &original_body);
+ first_commit = lookup_commit_reference(repo, &out[0]);
+ commit_list_append(first_commit, &parents);
+
+ ret = commit_tree(original_body, strlen(original_body), &original_commit_tree_oid,
+ parents, &out[1], original_author, NULL);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ ret = error(_("failed writing second commit"));
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ ret = 0;
+
+out:
+ if (index_file.len)
+ unlink(index_file.buf);
+ strbuf_release(&split_message);
+ strbuf_release(&index_file);
+ free_commit_list(parents);
+ free(original_author);
+ release_index(&index);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static int cmd_history_split(int argc,
+ const char **argv,
+ const char *prefix,
+ struct repository *repo)
+{
+ const char * const usage[] = {
+ N_("git history split [<options>] <commit>"),
+ NULL,
+ };
+ const char *commit_message = NULL;
+ struct option options[] = {
+ OPT_STRING('m', "message", &commit_message, N_("message"), N_("commit message")),
+ OPT_END(),
+ };
+ struct oidmap rewritten_commits = OIDMAP_INIT;
+ struct commit *original_commit, *parent, *head;
+ struct strvec commits = STRVEC_INIT;
+ struct commit_list *list = NULL;
+ struct object_id split_commits[2];
+ struct pathspec pathspec = { 0 };
+ int ret;
+
+ argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, usage, 0);
+ if (argc < 1) {
+ ret = error(_("command expects a revision"));
+ goto out;
+ }
+ repo_config(repo, git_default_config, NULL);
+
+ original_commit = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(argv[0]);
+ if (!original_commit) {
+ ret = error(_("commit to be split cannot be found: %s"), argv[0]);
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ if (original_commit->parents && original_commit->parents->next) {
+ ret = error(_("commit to be split must not be a merge commit"));
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ parent = original_commit->parents ? original_commit->parents->item : NULL;
+ if (parent && repo_parse_commit(repo, parent)) {
+ ret = error(_("unable to parse commit %s"),
+ oid_to_hex(&parent->object.oid));
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ head = lookup_commit_reference_by_name("HEAD");
+ if (!head) {
+ ret = error(_("could not resolve HEAD to a commit"));
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ commit_list_append(original_commit, &list);
+ if (!repo_is_descendant_of(repo, original_commit, list)) {
+ ret = error (_("split commit must be reachable from current HEAD commit"));
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ parse_pathspec(&pathspec, 0,
+ PATHSPEC_PREFER_FULL | PATHSPEC_SYMLINK_LEADING_PATH | PATHSPEC_PREFIX_ORIGIN,
+ prefix, argv + 1);
+
+ /*
+ * Collect the list of commits that we'll have to reapply now already.
+ * This ensures that we'll abort early on in case the range of commits
+ * contains merges, which we do not yet handle.
+ */
+ ret = collect_commits(repo, parent, head, &commits);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ goto out;
+
+ /*
+ * Then we split up the commit and replace the original commit with the
+ * new new ones.
+ */
+ ret = split_commit(repo, original_commit, &pathspec,
+ commit_message, split_commits);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ goto out;
+
+ replace_commits(&commits, &original_commit->object.oid,
+ split_commits, ARRAY_SIZE(split_commits));
+
+ ret = apply_commits(repo, &commits, parent, head, "split");
+ if (ret < 0)
+ goto out;
+
+ ret = 0;
+
+out:
+ oidmap_clear(&rewritten_commits, 0);
+ clear_pathspec(&pathspec);
+ strvec_clear(&commits);
+ free_commit_list(list);
+ return ret;
+}
+
int cmd_history(int argc,
const char **argv,
const char *prefix,
const char * const usage[] = {
N_("git history [<options>]"),
N_("git history reword [<options>] <commit>"),
+ N_("git history split [<options>] <commit> [--] [<pathspec>...]"),
NULL,
};
parse_opt_subcommand_fn *fn = NULL;
struct option options[] = {
OPT_SUBCOMMAND("reword", &fn, cmd_history_reword),
+ OPT_SUBCOMMAND("split", &fn, cmd_history_split),
OPT_END(),
};
--- /dev/null
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='tests for git-history split subcommand'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+set_fake_editor () {
+ write_script fake-editor.sh <<-\EOF &&
+ echo "split-out commit" >"$1"
+ EOF
+ test_set_editor "$(pwd)"/fake-editor.sh
+}
+
+expect_log () {
+ git log --format="%s" >actual &&
+ cat >expect &&
+ test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+expect_tree_entries () {
+ git ls-tree --name-only "$1" >actual &&
+ cat >expect &&
+ test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'refuses to work with merge commits' '
+ test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+ git init repo &&
+ (
+ cd repo &&
+ test_commit base &&
+ git branch branch &&
+ test_commit ours &&
+ git switch branch &&
+ test_commit theirs &&
+ git switch - &&
+ git merge theirs &&
+ test_must_fail git history split HEAD 2>err &&
+ test_grep "commit to be split must not be a merge commit" err &&
+ test_must_fail git history split HEAD~ 2>err &&
+ test_grep "cannot rearrange commit history with merges" err
+ )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'can split up tip commit' '
+ test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+ git init repo &&
+ (
+ cd repo &&
+ test_commit initial &&
+ touch bar foo &&
+ git add . &&
+ git commit -m split-me &&
+
+ git symbolic-ref HEAD >expect &&
+ set_fake_editor &&
+ git history split HEAD <<-EOF &&
+ y
+ n
+ EOF
+ git symbolic-ref HEAD >actual &&
+ test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+ expect_log <<-EOF &&
+ split-me
+ split-out commit
+ initial
+ EOF
+
+ expect_tree_entries HEAD~ <<-EOF &&
+ bar
+ initial.t
+ EOF
+
+ expect_tree_entries HEAD <<-EOF
+ bar
+ foo
+ initial.t
+ EOF
+ )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'can split up root commit' '
+ test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+ git init repo &&
+ (
+ cd repo &&
+ touch bar foo &&
+ git add . &&
+ git commit -m root &&
+ test_commit tip &&
+
+ set_fake_editor &&
+ git history split HEAD~ <<-EOF &&
+ y
+ n
+ EOF
+
+ expect_log <<-EOF &&
+ tip
+ root
+ split-out commit
+ EOF
+
+ expect_tree_entries HEAD~2 <<-EOF &&
+ bar
+ EOF
+
+ expect_tree_entries HEAD~ <<-EOF &&
+ bar
+ foo
+ EOF
+
+ expect_tree_entries HEAD <<-EOF
+ bar
+ foo
+ tip.t
+ EOF
+ )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'can split up in-between commit' '
+ test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+ git init repo &&
+ (
+ cd repo &&
+ test_commit initial &&
+ touch bar foo &&
+ git add . &&
+ git commit -m split-me &&
+ test_commit tip &&
+
+ set_fake_editor &&
+ git history split HEAD~ <<-EOF &&
+ y
+ n
+ EOF
+
+ expect_log <<-EOF &&
+ tip
+ split-me
+ split-out commit
+ initial
+ EOF
+
+ expect_tree_entries HEAD~2 <<-EOF &&
+ bar
+ initial.t
+ EOF
+
+ expect_tree_entries HEAD~ <<-EOF &&
+ bar
+ foo
+ initial.t
+ EOF
+
+ expect_tree_entries HEAD <<-EOF
+ bar
+ foo
+ initial.t
+ tip.t
+ EOF
+ )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'can pick multiple hunks' '
+ test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+ git init repo &&
+ (
+ cd repo &&
+ touch bar baz foo qux &&
+ git add . &&
+ git commit -m split-me &&
+
+ git history split HEAD -m "split-out commit" <<-EOF &&
+ y
+ n
+ y
+ n
+ EOF
+
+ expect_tree_entries HEAD~ <<-EOF &&
+ bar
+ foo
+ EOF
+
+ expect_tree_entries HEAD <<-EOF
+ bar
+ baz
+ foo
+ qux
+ EOF
+ )
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'can use only last hunk' '
+ test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+ git init repo &&
+ (
+ cd repo &&
+ touch bar foo &&
+ git add . &&
+ git commit -m split-me &&
+
+ git history split HEAD -m "split-out commit" <<-EOF &&
+ n
+ y
+ EOF
+
+ expect_log <<-EOF &&
+ split-me
+ split-out commit
+ EOF
+
+ expect_tree_entries HEAD~ <<-EOF &&
+ foo
+ EOF
+
+ expect_tree_entries HEAD <<-EOF
+ bar
+ foo
+ EOF
+ )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'aborts with empty commit message' '
+ test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+ git init repo &&
+ (
+ cd repo &&
+ touch bar foo &&
+ git add . &&
+ git commit -m split-me &&
+
+ test_must_fail git history split HEAD -m "" <<-EOF 2>err &&
+ y
+ n
+ EOF
+ test_grep "Aborting commit due to empty commit message." err
+ )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'can specify message via option' '
+ test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+ git init repo &&
+ (
+ cd repo &&
+ touch bar foo &&
+ git add . &&
+ git commit -m split-me &&
+
+ git history split HEAD -m "message option" <<-EOF &&
+ y
+ n
+ EOF
+
+ expect_log <<-EOF
+ split-me
+ message option
+ EOF
+ )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit message editor sees split-out changes' '
+ test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+ git init repo &&
+ (
+ cd repo &&
+ touch bar foo &&
+ git add . &&
+ git commit -m split-me &&
+
+ write_script fake-editor.sh <<-\EOF &&
+ cp "$1" . &&
+ echo "some commit message" >>"$1"
+ EOF
+ test_set_editor "$(pwd)"/fake-editor.sh &&
+
+ git history split HEAD <<-EOF &&
+ y
+ n
+ EOF
+
+ cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+
+ # Please enter the commit message for the split-out changes. Lines starting
+ # with ${SQ}#${SQ} will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.
+ # Changes to be committed:
+ # new file: bar
+ #
+ EOF
+ test_cmp expect COMMIT_EDITMSG &&
+
+ expect_log <<-EOF
+ split-me
+ some commit message
+ EOF
+ )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'can use pathspec to limit what gets split' '
+ test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+ git init repo &&
+ (
+ cd repo &&
+ touch bar foo &&
+ git add . &&
+ git commit -m split-me &&
+
+ git history split HEAD -m "message option" -- foo <<-EOF &&
+ y
+ EOF
+
+ expect_tree_entries HEAD~ <<-EOF &&
+ foo
+ EOF
+
+ expect_tree_entries HEAD <<-EOF
+ bar
+ foo
+ EOF
+ )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'refuses to create empty split-out commit' '
+ test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+ git init repo &&
+ (
+ cd repo &&
+ test_commit base &&
+ touch bar foo &&
+ git add . &&
+ git commit -m split-me &&
+
+ test_must_fail git history split HEAD 2>err <<-EOF &&
+ n
+ n
+ EOF
+ test_grep "split commit is empty" err
+ )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hooks are executed for rewritten commits' '
+ test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+ git init repo &&
+ (
+ cd repo &&
+ touch bar foo &&
+ git add . &&
+ git commit -m split-me &&
+ old_head=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+ write_script .git/hooks/prepare-commit-msg <<-EOF &&
+ touch "$(pwd)/hooks.log"
+ EOF
+ write_script .git/hooks/post-commit <<-EOF &&
+ touch "$(pwd)/hooks.log"
+ EOF
+ write_script .git/hooks/post-rewrite <<-EOF &&
+ touch "$(pwd)/hooks.log"
+ EOF
+
+ set_fake_editor &&
+ git history split HEAD <<-EOF &&
+ y
+ n
+ EOF
+
+ expect_log <<-EOF &&
+ split-me
+ split-out commit
+ EOF
+
+ test_path_is_missing hooks.log
+ )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'refuses to create empty original commit' '
+ test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+ git init repo &&
+ (
+ cd repo &&
+ touch bar foo &&
+ git add . &&
+ git commit -m split-me &&
+
+ test_must_fail git history split HEAD 2>err <<-EOF &&
+ y
+ y
+ EOF
+ test_grep "split commit tree matches original commit" err
+ )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'retains changes in the worktree and index' '
+ test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+ git init repo &&
+ (
+ cd repo &&
+ echo a >a &&
+ echo b >b &&
+ git add . &&
+ git commit -m "initial commit" &&
+ echo a-modified >a &&
+ echo b-modified >b &&
+ git add b &&
+ git history split HEAD -m a-only <<-EOF &&
+ y
+ n
+ EOF
+
+ expect_tree_entries HEAD~ <<-EOF &&
+ a
+ EOF
+ expect_tree_entries HEAD <<-EOF &&
+ a
+ b
+ EOF
+
+ cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+ M a
+ M b
+ ?? actual
+ ?? expect
+ EOF
+ git status --porcelain >actual &&
+ test_cmp expect actual
+ )
+'
+
+test_done
projects / thirdparty / git.git / commitdiff
