<term><emphasis role="bold">encrypted password</emphasis></term>
<listitem>
<para>
- This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are
- required to authenticate as the specified login name.
- However, some applications which read the
- <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file may decide not to permit
- any access at all if the password field is empty.
+ If the password field is empty, the user can log in without a password.
+ However, some applications that read
+ the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file
+ might block access
+ if the password field is empty.
</para>
<para>
- A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means
- that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the
+ If the password field begins with an exclamation mark <emphasis>!</emphasis>,
+ the password is locked.
+ The remaining characters on the
line represent the password field before the password was
locked.
</para>
this string is interpreted.
</para>
<para>
- If the password field contains some string that is not a valid
+ If the password field contains a string that is not a valid
result of <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, for instance ! or *,
- the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in
- (but the user may log in the system by other means).
+ the user cannot use a UNIX password to log in.
+ However, the user may log in the system by other means.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
of days since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
</para>
<para>
- The value 0 has a special meaning, which is that the user
- should change her password the next time she will log in the
- system.
+ The value 0 indicates that the user must change their password
+ the next time they log in to the system.
</para>
<para>
An empty field means that password aging features are
<term><emphasis role="bold">minimum password age</emphasis></term>
<listitem>
<para>
- The minimum password age is the number of days the user will
- have to wait before she will be allowed to change her password
- again.
+ The minimum password age is the number of days the user must wait
+ before they can change their password again.
</para>
<para>
An empty field and value 0 mean that there is no minimum
<listitem>
<para>
The maximum password age is the number of days after which the
- user will have to change her password.
+ user must change their password.
</para>
<para>
- After this number of days is elapsed, the password may still
- be valid. The user should be asked to change her password the
- next time she will log in.
+ After this number of days has elapsed, the password may still be valid.
+ The user is prompted to change their password at the next login.
</para>
<para>
An empty field means that there are no maximum password age,
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
- The number of days before a password is going to expire (see
- the maximum password age above) during which the user should
- be warned.
+ The number of days before a password expires
+ (see the maximum password age above)
+ during which the user is warned.
</para>
<para>
- An empty field and value 0 mean that there are no password
+ An empty field and value 0 mean that there is no password
warning period.
</para>
</listitem>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
- The number of days after a password has expired (see the
- maximum password age above) during which the password should
- still be accepted (and the user should update her password
- during the next login).
+ The number of days after a password expires
+ (see the maximum password age above)
+ during which the password is still accepted,
+ and the user must update their password at the next login.
</para>
<para>
- After expiration of the password and this expiration period is
- elapsed, no login is possible for the user. The user should contact
- her administrator.
+ After the password expires and the password inactivity period elapses,
+ the user cannot log in and must contact their administrator.
</para>
<para>
- An empty field means that there are no enforcement of an
- inactivity period.
+ An empty string means that no inactivity period is enforced.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
- The date of expiration of the account, expressed as the number
- of days since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
+ The date when the account expires,
+ expressed as the number of days since 1970-01-01.
</para>
<para>
- Note that an account expiration differs from a password
- expiration. In case of an account expiration, the user shall
- not be allowed to login. In case of a password expiration,
- the user is not allowed to login using her password.
+ Note that account expiration differs from password expiration.
+ Account expiration prevents the user from logging in,
+ whereas password expiration only prevents users from logging in
+ with their password.
</para>
<para>
- An empty field means that the account will never expire.
+ An empty field means that the account never expires.
</para>
<para>
- The value 0 should not be used as it is interpreted as either
- an account with no expiration, or as an expiration on Jan 1,
- 1970.
+ The value 0 should not be used,
+ as it is interpreted either as an account with no expiration
+ or as an expiration date of 1970-01-01.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>