services without having to give out CAP_SETUID all over the place just so that
non-root programs can drop to even-lesser-privileged uids. This is especially
relevant when one non-root daemon on the system should be allowed to spawn other
-processes as different uids, but its undesirable to give the daemon a
+processes as different uids, but it's undesirable to give the daemon a
basically-root-equivalent CAP_SETUID.
Some architectures have ECC detectors for L1, L2 and L3 caches,
along with DMA engines, fabric switches, main data path switches,
interconnections, and various other hardware data paths. If the hardware
-reports it, then a edac_device device probably can be constructed to
+reports it, then an edac_device device probably can be constructed to
harvest and present that to userspace.
================ ============ ========
All parports and all protocol drivers are probed automatically unless probe=0
-parameter is used. So just "modprobe epat" is enough for a Imation SuperDisk
+parameter is used. So just "modprobe epat" is enough for an Imation SuperDisk
drive to work.
Manual device creation::
All storage within vdo is managed as 4KB blocks, but it can accept writes
as small as 512 bytes. Processing a write that is smaller than 4K requires
a read-modify-write operation that reads the relevant 4K block, copies the
-new data over the approriate sectors of the block, and then launches a
+new data over the appropriate sectors of the block, and then launches a
write operation for the modified data block. The read and write stages of
this operation are nearly identical to the normal read and write
operations, and a single data_vio is used throughout this operation.
command line with the 'ring3mwait=disable' command line option.
XEON PHI is not affected by the other MDS variants and MSBDS is mitigated
- before the CPU enters a idle state. As XEON PHI is not affected by L1TF
+ before the CPU enters an idle state. As XEON PHI is not affected by L1TF
either disabling SMT is not required for full protection.
.. _mds_smt_control:
performance degradation. To enable multi-cpu support, you should bring up an
SMP dump-capture kernel and specify maxcpus/nr_cpus options while loading it.
-* For s390x there are two kdump modes: If a ELF header is specified with
+* For s390x there are two kdump modes: If an ELF header is specified with
the elfcorehdr= kernel parameter, it is used by the kdump kernel as it
is done on all other architectures. If no elfcorehdr= kernel parameter is
specified, the s390x kdump kernel dynamically creates the header. The
looking for corruption. Enabling this will
both detect corruption and prevent the kernel
from using the memory being corrupted.
- However, its intended as a diagnostic tool; if
+ However, it's intended as a diagnostic tool; if
repeatable BIOS-originated corruption always
affects the same memory, you can use memmap=
to prevent the kernel from using that memory.
(converted into nanoseconds). Fast, but
depending on the architecture, may not be
in sync between CPUs.
- global - Event time stamps are synchronize across
+ global - Event time stamps are synchronized across
CPUs. May be slower than the local clock,
but better for some race conditions.
counter - Simple counting of events (1, 2, ..)
section.
trace_trigger=[trigger-list]
- [FTRACE] Add a event trigger on specific events.
+ [FTRACE] Add an event trigger on specific events.
Set a trigger on top of a specific event, with an optional
filter.
- The format is is "trace_trigger=<event>.<trigger>[ if <filter>],..."
- Where more than one trigger may be specified that are comma deliminated.
+ The format is "trace_trigger=<event>.<trigger>[ if <filter>],..."
+ Where more than one trigger may be specified that are comma delimited.
For example:
The above will enable the "stacktrace" trigger on the "sched_switch"
event but only trigger it if the "prev_state" of the "sched_switch"
- event is "2" (TASK_UNINTERUPTIBLE).
+ event is "2" (TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE).
See also "Event triggers" in Documentation/trace/events.rst
(when available)
Those events (see linux/sonypi.h) can be polled using the character device node
-/dev/sonypi (major 10, minor auto allocated or specified as a option).
+/dev/sonypi (major 10, minor auto allocated or specified as an option).
A simple daemon which translates the jogdial movements into mouse wheel events
can be downloaded at: <http://popies.net/sonypi/>
motion compensation modes: low, medium, and high motion. Pipelines are
defined that allow sending frames to the VDIC subdev directly from the
CSI. There is also support in the future for sending frames to the
- VDIC from memory buffers via a output/mem2mem devices.
+ VDIC from memory buffers via output/mem2mem devices.
- Includes a Frame Interval Monitor (FIM) that can correct vertical sync
problems with the ADV718x video decoders.
Information about the Device
----------------------------
-This chip is a Silicon Labs product. It is a I2C device, currently on 0x63 address.
+This chip is a Silicon Labs product. It is an I2C device, currently on 0x63 address.
Basically, it has transmission and signal noise level measurement features.
The Si4713 integrates transmit functions for FM broadcast stereo transmission.
Device driver description
-------------------------
-There are two modules to handle this device. One is a I2C device driver
+There are two modules to handle this device. One is an I2C device driver
and the other is a platform driver.
The I2C device driver exports a v4l2-subdev interface to the kernel.
- acomp_attack_time - Sets the attack time for audio dynamic range control.
- acomp_release_time - Sets the release time for audio dynamic range control.
-* Limiter setups audio deviation limiter feature. Once a over deviation occurs,
+* Limiter sets up the audio deviation limiter feature. Once an over deviation occurs,
it is possible to adjust the front-end gain of the audio input and always
prevent over deviation.
DAMON-based operation scheme.
Under ``quotas`` directory, four files (``ms``, ``bytes``,
-``reset_interval_ms``, ``effective_bytes``) and two directores (``weights`` and
+``reset_interval_ms``, ``effective_bytes``) and two directories (``weights`` and
``goals``) exist.
You can set the ``time quota`` in milliseconds, ``size quota`` in bytes, and
- 2'b11: count the events which sent to the uring_ext (MATA) channel;
- 2'b01: is the same as 2'b11;
- 2'b10: count the events which sent to the uring (non-MATA) channel;
-- 2'b00: default value, count the events which sent to the both uring and
- uring_ext channel;
+- 2'b00: default value, count the events which sent to both uring and
+ uring_ext channels;
Users could configure IDs to count data come from specific CCL/ICL, by setting
srcid_cmd & srcid_msk, and data desitined for specific CCL/ICL by setting
does nothing at all; in that case you have to manually install your kernel,
as outlined in the reference section.
- If you are running a immutable Linux distribution, check its documentation
+ If you are running an immutable Linux distribution, check its documentation
and the web to find out how to install your own kernel there.
[:ref:`details<install>`]
setup that often can be fixed quickly; other times though the problem lies in
the code and can only be fixed by a developer. A close examination of the
failure messages coupled with some research on the internet will often tell you
-which of the two it is. To perform such a investigation, restart the build
+which of the two it is. To perform such an investigation, restart the build
process like this::
make V=1
How to read the MAINTAINERS file
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-To illustrate how to use the :ref:`MAINTAINERS <maintainers>` file, lets assume
+To illustrate how to use the :ref:`MAINTAINERS <maintainers>` file, let's assume
the WiFi in your Laptop suddenly misbehaves after updating the kernel. In that
case it's likely an issue in the WiFi driver. Obviously it could also be some
code it builds upon, but unless you suspect something like that stick to the
And note, it helps developers a great deal if you can specify the exact version
that introduced the problem. Hence if possible within a reasonable time frame,
-try to find that version using vanilla kernels. Lets assume something broke when
+try to find that version using vanilla kernels. Let's assume something broke when
your distributor released a update from Linux kernel 5.10.5 to 5.10.8. Then as
instructed above go and check the latest kernel from that version line, say
5.10.9. If it shows the problem, try a vanilla 5.10.5 to ensure that no patches
to your bootloader's configuration.
You have to take care of some or all of the tasks yourself, if your
-distribution lacks a installkernel script or does only handle part of them.
+distribution lacks an installkernel script or does only handle part of them.
Consult the distribution's documentation for details. If in doubt, install the
kernel manually::
projects / thirdparty / kernel / stable.git / commitdiff
