%!PS-Adobe-2.0
-%%Creator: dvips(k) 2021.1 Copyright 2021 Radical Eye Software
+%%Creator: dvips(k) 2022.1 (TeX Live 2022) Copyright 2022 Radical Eye Software
%%Title: bashref.dvi
-%%CreationDate: Fri Dec 2 22:01:18 2022
-%%Pages: 196
+%%CreationDate: Tue Apr 18 14:26:04 2023
+%%Pages: 199
%%PageOrder: Ascend
%%BoundingBox: 0 0 612 792
%%DocumentFonts: CMBX12 CMR10 CMTT10 CMSL10 CMSY10 CMMI12 CMMI10 CMCSC10
%DVIPSWebPage: (www.radicaleye.com)
%DVIPSCommandLine: dvips -D 600 -t letter -o bashref.ps bashref.dvi
%DVIPSParameters: dpi=600
-%DVIPSSource: TeX output 2022.12.02:1701
+%DVIPSSource: TeX output 2023.04.18:1026
%%BeginProcSet: tex.pro 0 0
%!
/TeXDict 300 dict def TeXDict begin/N{def}def/B{bind def}N/S{exch}N/X{S
1[48 48 48 1[48 48 48 1[48 48 48 48 1[48 6[48 6[48 48
48 48 2[48 5[48 39[{}49 90.9091 /CMSLTT10 rf /Fk 134[65
65 89 65 68 48 48 50 65 68 61 68 102 34 65 1[34 68 61
-37 56 68 55 68 60 7[93 1[127 1[94 85 68 92 92 84 92 96
-116 74 96 1[46 96 96 77 81 94 89 87 93 1[58 5[61 61 61
-61 61 61 61 61 61 61 1[34 41 34 31[68 72 11[{}62 109.091
+37 56 68 55 68 60 7[93 93 127 1[94 85 68 92 92 84 92
+96 116 74 96 1[46 96 96 77 81 94 89 87 93 1[58 5[61 61
+61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 1[34 41 34 31[68 72 11[{}63 109.091
/CMBX12 rf /Fl 135[42 1[42 1[30 37 38 1[46 46 51 74 23
42 1[28 1[42 1[42 46 42 1[46 51[33 32[51 12[{}19 90.9091
/CMTI10 rf /Fm 135[56 2[56 1[42 55 1[51 58 56 68 47 2[27
TeXDict begin 1 0 bop 150 1318 a Fv(Bash)64 b(Reference)j(Man)-5
b(ual)p 150 1385 3600 34 v 2361 1481 a Fu(Reference)31
b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)i(for)d(Bash)2428 1589 y(Edition)h(5.2,)g(for)f
-Ft(Bash)g Fu(V)-8 b(ersion)31 b(5.2.)3145 1697 y(Decem)m(b)s(er)g(2022)
-150 4927 y Fs(Chet)45 b(Ramey)-11 b(,)46 b(Case)g(W)-11
-b(estern)46 b(Reserv)l(e)g(Univ)l(ersit)l(y)150 5068
-y(Brian)f(F)-11 b(o)l(x,)45 b(F)-11 b(ree)45 b(Soft)l(w)l(are)h(F)-11
+Ft(Bash)g Fu(V)-8 b(ersion)31 b(5.2.)3333 1697 y(April)f(2023)150
+4927 y Fs(Chet)45 b(Ramey)-11 b(,)46 b(Case)g(W)-11 b(estern)46
+b(Reserv)l(e)g(Univ)l(ersit)l(y)150 5068 y(Brian)f(F)-11
+b(o)l(x,)45 b(F)-11 b(ree)45 b(Soft)l(w)l(are)h(F)-11
b(oundation)p 150 5141 3600 17 v eop end
%%Page: 2 2
TeXDict begin 2 1 bop 150 4279 a Fu(This)35 b(text)h(is)g(a)g(brief)f
(description)h(of)f(the)h(features)g(that)g(are)g(presen)m(t)g(in)f
-(the)h(Bash)f(shell)h(\(v)m(ersion)150 4389 y(5.2,)c(2)e(Decem)m(b)s
-(er)i(2022\).)150 4523 y(This)h(is)h(Edition)g(5.2,)i(last)e(up)s
-(dated)f(2)h(Decem)m(b)s(er)g(2022,)j(of)d Fr(The)f(GNU)h(Bash)g
-(Reference)h(Man)m(ual)p Fu(,)150 4633 y(for)30 b Ft(Bash)p
-Fu(,)g(V)-8 b(ersion)31 b(5.2.)150 4767 y(Cop)m(yrigh)m(t)602
-4764 y(c)577 4767 y Fq(\015)f Fu(1988{2022)35 b(F)-8
-b(ree)31 b(Soft)m(w)m(are)h(F)-8 b(oundation,)31 b(Inc.)390
-4902 y(P)m(ermission)21 b(is)f(gran)m(ted)h(to)g(cop)m(y)-8
-b(,)24 b(distribute)c(and/or)h(mo)s(dify)e(this)i(do)s(cumen)m(t)f
-(under)f(the)390 5011 y(terms)25 b(of)h(the)f(GNU)h(F)-8
+(the)h(Bash)f(shell)h(\(v)m(ersion)150 4389 y(5.2,)c(17)f(April)f
+(2023\).)150 4523 y(This)j(is)h(Edition)f(5.2,)j(last)f(up)s(dated)d
+(17)j(April)e(2023,)k(of)d Fr(The)f(GNU)h(Bash)g(Reference)g(Man)m(ual)
+p Fu(,)i(for)150 4633 y Ft(Bash)p Fu(,)29 b(V)-8 b(ersion)31
+b(5.2.)150 4767 y(Cop)m(yrigh)m(t)602 4764 y(c)577 4767
+y Fq(\015)f Fu(1988{2023)35 b(F)-8 b(ree)31 b(Soft)m(w)m(are)h(F)-8
+b(oundation,)31 b(Inc.)390 4902 y(P)m(ermission)21 b(is)f(gran)m(ted)h
+(to)g(cop)m(y)-8 b(,)24 b(distribute)c(and/or)h(mo)s(dify)e(this)i(do)s
+(cumen)m(t)f(under)f(the)390 5011 y(terms)25 b(of)h(the)f(GNU)h(F)-8
b(ree)27 b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)g(License,)g(V)-8 b(ersion)26
b(1.3)g(or)f(an)m(y)h(later)g(v)m(ersion)390 5121 y(published)43
b(b)m(y)h(the)h(F)-8 b(ree)46 b(Soft)m(w)m(are)g(F)-8
Fu(34)399 4849 y(3.5.6)93 b(Pro)s(cess)30 b(Substitution)15
b Fn(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)28 b Fu(34)399 4959 y(3.5.7)93 b(W)-8
+(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)28 b Fu(35)399 4959 y(3.5.7)93 b(W)-8
b(ord)31 b(Splitting)d Fn(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)41
b Fu(35)399 5068 y(3.5.8)93 b(Filename)32 b(Expansion)22
b Fn(:)14 b(:)h(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fu(35)524 5178 y(3.5.8.1)93 b(P)m(attern)31
+f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fu(36)524 5178 y(3.5.8.1)93 b(P)m(attern)31
b(Matc)m(hing)14 b Fn(:)k(:)d(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)27 b Fu(36)399 5288 y(3.5.9)93
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)28
b Fu(39)399 412 y(3.6.3)93 b(App)s(ending)28 b(Redirected)k(Output)20
b Fn(:)14 b(:)h(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fu(39)399
+(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fu(40)399
521 y(3.6.4)93 b(Redirecting)31 b(Standard)e(Output)h(and)f(Standard)h
(Error)16 b Fn(:)e(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)29 b
Fu(40)399 631 y(3.6.5)93 b(App)s(ending)28 b(Standard)i(Output)f(and)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
40 b Fu(41)399 1179 y(3.6.10)93 b(Op)s(ening)29 b(File)j(Descriptors)f
(for)f(Reading)h(and)f(W)-8 b(riting)29 b Fn(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)41 b Fu(41)275 1289 y(3.7)92 b(Executing)31 b(Commands)24
+(:)41 b Fu(42)275 1289 y(3.7)92 b(Executing)31 b(Commands)24
b Fn(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)38 b Fu(42)399 1398 y(3.7.1)93
b(Status)16 b Fn(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)29
-b Fu(44)399 1946 y(3.7.6)93 b(Signals)23 b Fn(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
+b Fu(45)399 1946 y(3.7.6)93 b(Signals)23 b Fn(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)36 b Fu(45)275
b Fu(48)275 2553 y(4.2)92 b(Bash)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)13
b Fn(:)h(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)26 b Fu(55)275 2663 y(4.3)92 b(Mo)s(difying)30
+(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)26 b Fu(56)275 2663 y(4.3)92 b(Mo)s(difying)30
b(Shell)g(Beha)m(vior)18 b Fn(:)f(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)31 b Fu(67)399
b(Sp)s(ecial)30 b(Builtins)9 b Fn(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)22 b Fu(77)150 3242 y Fs(5)135 b(Shell)45
+f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)22 b Fu(78)150 3242 y Fs(5)135 b(Shell)45
b(V)-11 b(ariables)11 b Fo(:)20 b(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
-f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)24 b Fs(78)275 3379 y Fu(5.1)92
+f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)24 b Fs(79)275 3379 y Fu(5.1)92
b(Bourne)30 b(Shell)g(V)-8 b(ariables)10 b Fn(:)17 b(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-23 b Fu(78)275 3489 y(5.2)92 b(Bash)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)26
+23 b Fu(79)275 3489 y(5.2)92 b(Bash)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)26
b Fn(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)38
-b Fu(78)150 3739 y Fs(6)135 b(Bash)44 b(F)-11 b(eatures)32
+b Fu(79)150 3739 y Fs(6)135 b(Bash)44 b(F)-11 b(eatures)32
b Fo(:)19 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
-44 b Fs(91)275 3876 y Fu(6.1)92 b(In)m(v)m(oking)31 b(Bash)16
+44 b Fs(92)275 3876 y Fu(6.1)92 b(In)m(v)m(oking)31 b(Bash)16
b Fn(:)g(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)29
-b Fu(91)275 3986 y(6.2)92 b(Bash)30 b(Startup)g(Files)f
+b Fu(92)275 3986 y(6.2)92 b(Bash)30 b(Startup)g(Files)f
Fn(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)41 b Fu(93)275
+g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)41 b Fu(94)275
4095 y(6.3)92 b(In)m(teractiv)m(e)32 b(Shells)19 b Fn(:)d(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)32 b Fu(94)399 4205 y(6.3.1)93
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)32 b Fu(95)399 4205 y(6.3.1)93
b(What)31 b(is)f(an)h(In)m(teractiv)m(e)h(Shell?)25 b
Fn(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)38
-b Fu(95)399 4315 y(6.3.2)93 b(Is)30 b(this)g(Shell)g(In)m(teractiv)m
+b Fu(96)399 4315 y(6.3.2)93 b(Is)30 b(this)g(Shell)g(In)m(teractiv)m
(e?)22 b Fn(:)d(:)c(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-h(:)35 b Fu(95)399 4424 y(6.3.3)93 b(In)m(teractiv)m(e)33
+h(:)35 b Fu(96)399 4424 y(6.3.3)93 b(In)m(teractiv)m(e)33
b(Shell)d(Beha)m(vior)11 b Fn(:)17 b(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)24 b Fu(95)275 4534 y(6.4)92 b(Bash)30
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)24 b Fu(96)275 4534 y(6.4)92 b(Bash)30
b(Conditional)h(Expressions)10 b Fn(:)k(:)i(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)23 b Fu(96)275 4643 y(6.5)92
+h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)23 b Fu(97)275 4643 y(6.5)92
b(Shell)30 b(Arithmetic)13 b Fn(:)k(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
-(:)h(:)26 b Fu(98)275 4753 y(6.6)92 b(Aliases)18 b Fn(:)e(:)g(:)f(:)g
+(:)h(:)26 b Fu(99)275 4753 y(6.6)92 b(Aliases)18 b Fn(:)e(:)g(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)31
-b Fu(100)275 4863 y(6.7)92 b(Arra)m(ys)23 b Fn(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
+b Fu(101)275 4863 y(6.7)92 b(Arra)m(ys)23 b Fn(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)36
-b Fu(100)275 4972 y(6.8)92 b(The)29 b(Directory)j(Stac)m(k)14
+b Fu(101)275 4972 y(6.8)92 b(The)29 b(Directory)j(Stac)m(k)14
b Fn(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)27 b Fu(102)399 5082 y(6.8.1)93
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)27 b Fu(103)399 5082 y(6.8.1)93
b(Directory)32 b(Stac)m(k)f(Builtins)20 b Fn(:)c(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)33 b Fu(102)275 5191
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)33 b Fu(104)275 5191
y(6.9)92 b(Con)m(trolling)31 b(the)g(Prompt)10 b Fn(:)15
b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)h(:)23 b Fu(104)275 5301 y(6.10)92 b(The)30 b(Restricted)h
+h(:)f(:)h(:)23 b Fu(105)275 5301 y(6.10)92 b(The)30 b(Restricted)h
(Shell)9 b Fn(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)22 b Fu(105)p
+(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)22 b Fu(107)p
eop end
%%Page: -3 5
TeXDict begin -3 4 bop 3674 -116 a Fu(iii)275 83 y(6.11)92
-b(Bash)31 b(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de)14 b Fn(:)i(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)28
-b Fu(106)275 193 y(6.12)92 b(Shell)30 b(Compatibilit)m(y)i(Mo)s(de)25
-b Fn(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-h(:)38 b Fu(110)150 443 y Fs(7)135 b(Job)45 b(Con)l(trol)35
+b(Bash)31 b(and)e(POSIX)12 b Fn(:)j(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
+(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
+h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)25
+b Fu(107)399 193 y(6.11.1)93 b(What)31 b(is)g(POSIX?)22
+b Fn(:)14 b(:)i(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
+(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
+h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)36 b Fu(107)399 302 y(6.11.2)93 b(Bash)31
+b(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de)18 b Fn(:)e(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
+(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
+f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)31 b Fu(108)275 412 y(6.12)92
+b(Shell)30 b(Compatibilit)m(y)i(Mo)s(de)25 b Fn(:)15
+b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
+(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)38
+b Fu(112)150 663 y Fs(7)135 b(Job)45 b(Con)l(trol)35
b Fo(:)20 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)48 b Fs(113)275 580 y Fu(7.1)92 b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)h(Basics)23
+g(:)48 b Fs(116)275 800 y Fu(7.1)92 b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)h(Basics)23
b Fn(:)16 b(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)36 b Fu(113)275 690
+g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)36 b Fu(116)275 909
y(7.2)92 b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)h(Builtins)11 b Fn(:)k(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
-(:)f(:)24 b Fu(114)275 800 y(7.3)92 b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)h(V)-8
+(:)f(:)24 b Fu(117)275 1019 y(7.3)92 b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)h(V)-8
b(ariables)26 b Fn(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)38 b Fu(116)150
-1050 y Fs(8)135 b(Command)45 b(Line)g(Editing)11 b Fo(:)20
+f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)38 b Fu(119)150
+1269 y Fs(8)135 b(Command)45 b(Line)g(Editing)11 b Fo(:)20
b(:)g(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)k Fs(117)275 1187 y Fu(8.1)92 b(In)m(tro)s(duction)
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)k Fs(120)275 1406 y Fu(8.1)92 b(In)m(tro)s(duction)
30 b(to)h(Line)f(Editing)12 b Fn(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)25 b Fu(117)275 1297 y(8.2)92
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)25 b Fu(120)275 1516 y(8.2)92
b(Readline)31 b(In)m(teraction)14 b Fn(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)27
-b Fu(117)399 1406 y(8.2.1)93 b(Readline)31 b(Bare)g(Essen)m(tials)13
+b Fu(120)399 1626 y(8.2.1)93 b(Readline)31 b(Bare)g(Essen)m(tials)13
b Fn(:)j(:)g(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)26
-b Fu(118)399 1516 y(8.2.2)93 b(Readline)31 b(Mo)m(v)m(emen)m(t)i
+b Fu(121)399 1735 y(8.2.2)93 b(Readline)31 b(Mo)m(v)m(emen)m(t)i
(Commands)13 b Fn(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)27
-b Fu(118)399 1626 y(8.2.3)93 b(Readline)31 b(Killing)g(Commands)24
+b Fu(121)399 1845 y(8.2.3)93 b(Readline)31 b(Killing)g(Commands)24
b Fn(:)15 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)38
-b Fu(119)399 1735 y(8.2.4)93 b(Readline)31 b(Argumen)m(ts)17
+b Fu(122)399 1954 y(8.2.4)93 b(Readline)31 b(Argumen)m(ts)17
b Fn(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)h(:)30 b Fu(119)399 1845 y(8.2.5)93 b(Searc)m(hing)31
+(:)f(:)h(:)30 b Fu(122)399 2064 y(8.2.5)93 b(Searc)m(hing)31
b(for)f(Commands)f(in)h(the)h(History)15 b Fn(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)28 b Fu(119)275
-1954 y(8.3)92 b(Readline)31 b(Init)f(File)8 b Fn(:)17
+(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)28 b Fu(122)275
+2174 y(8.3)92 b(Readline)31 b(Init)f(File)8 b Fn(:)17
b(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)22 b Fu(120)399 2064
+f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)22 b Fu(123)399 2283
y(8.3.1)93 b(Readline)31 b(Init)f(File)i(Syn)m(tax)21
b Fn(:)15 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)34
-b Fu(120)399 2174 y(8.3.2)93 b(Conditional)31 b(Init)f(Constructs)14
+b Fu(123)399 2393 y(8.3.2)93 b(Conditional)31 b(Init)f(Constructs)14
b Fn(:)h(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)27
-b Fu(129)399 2283 y(8.3.3)93 b(Sample)30 b(Init)g(File)20
+b Fu(132)399 2502 y(8.3.3)93 b(Sample)30 b(Init)g(File)20
b Fn(:)d(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)33 b Fu(130)275 2393 y(8.4)92
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)33 b Fu(133)275 2612 y(8.4)92
b(Bindable)30 b(Readline)h(Commands)19 b Fn(:)c(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fu(133)399 2502 y(8.4.1)93
+h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fu(136)399 2721 y(8.4.1)93
b(Commands)29 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(Mo)m(ving)16 b Fn(:)h(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)29 b Fu(133)399
-2612 y(8.4.2)93 b(Commands)29 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(Manipulating)g(The)f
+(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)29 b Fu(136)399
+2831 y(8.4.2)93 b(Commands)29 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(Manipulating)g(The)f
(History)c Fn(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
-f(:)39 b Fu(134)399 2721 y(8.4.3)93 b(Commands)29 b(F)-8
+f(:)39 b Fu(137)399 2941 y(8.4.3)93 b(Commands)29 b(F)-8
b(or)31 b(Changing)f(T)-8 b(ext)9 b Fn(:)17 b(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)23 b Fu(136)399 2831 y(8.4.4)93 b(Killing)31
+h(:)f(:)23 b Fu(139)399 3050 y(8.4.4)93 b(Killing)31
b(And)e(Y)-8 b(anking)10 b Fn(:)17 b(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)24 b Fu(137)399
-2941 y(8.4.5)93 b(Sp)s(ecifying)30 b(Numeric)g(Argumen)m(ts)25
+(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)24 b Fu(140)399
+3160 y(8.4.5)93 b(Sp)s(ecifying)30 b(Numeric)g(Argumen)m(ts)25
b Fn(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)39 b Fu(138)399
-3050 y(8.4.6)93 b(Letting)31 b(Readline)g(T)m(yp)s(e)f(F)-8
+(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)39 b Fu(141)399
+3269 y(8.4.6)93 b(Letting)31 b(Readline)g(T)m(yp)s(e)f(F)-8
b(or)31 b(Y)-8 b(ou)20 b Fn(:)c(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)33
-b Fu(139)399 3160 y(8.4.7)93 b(Keyb)s(oard)29 b(Macros)9
+b Fu(142)399 3379 y(8.4.7)93 b(Keyb)s(oard)29 b(Macros)9
b Fn(:)17 b(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)22 b Fu(140)399 3269 y(8.4.8)93
+h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)22 b Fu(143)399 3489 y(8.4.8)93
b(Some)30 b(Miscellaneous)j(Commands)14 b Fn(:)f(:)j(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
-(:)f(:)27 b Fu(141)275 3379 y(8.5)92 b(Readline)31 b(vi)f(Mo)s(de)e
+(:)f(:)27 b Fu(144)275 3598 y(8.5)92 b(Readline)31 b(vi)f(Mo)s(de)e
Fn(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)41 b Fu(143)275
-3489 y(8.6)92 b(Programmable)30 b(Completion)25 b Fn(:)15
+f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)41 b Fu(146)275
+3708 y(8.6)92 b(Programmable)30 b(Completion)25 b Fn(:)15
b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)37
-b Fu(143)275 3598 y(8.7)92 b(Programmable)30 b(Completion)h(Builtins)14
+b Fu(146)275 3817 y(8.7)92 b(Programmable)30 b(Completion)h(Builtins)14
b Fn(:)i(:)g(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)28 b Fu(146)275
-3708 y(8.8)92 b(A)30 b(Programmable)h(Completion)g(Example)8
+h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)28 b Fu(149)275
+3927 y(8.8)92 b(A)30 b(Programmable)h(Completion)g(Example)8
b Fn(:)16 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)22 b Fu(150)150 3958 y
+(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)22 b Fu(153)150 4178 y
Fs(9)135 b(Using)45 b(History)h(In)l(teractiv)l(ely)28
b Fo(:)22 b(:)d(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
-(:)h(:)41 b Fs(152)275 4095 y Fu(9.1)92 b(Bash)30 b(History)h(F)-8
+(:)h(:)41 b Fs(155)275 4315 y Fu(9.1)92 b(Bash)30 b(History)h(F)-8
b(acilities)9 b Fn(:)19 b(:)c(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)22 b Fu(152)275
-4205 y(9.2)92 b(Bash)30 b(History)h(Builtins)d Fn(:)16
+f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)22 b Fu(155)275
+4424 y(9.2)92 b(Bash)30 b(History)h(Builtins)d Fn(:)16
b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)41 b Fu(152)275 4315 y(9.3)92 b(History)31
+h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)41 b Fu(155)275 4534 y(9.3)92 b(History)31
b(Expansion)10 b Fn(:)k(:)h(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)23
-b Fu(154)399 4424 y(9.3.1)93 b(Ev)m(en)m(t)31 b(Designators)19
+b Fu(157)399 4643 y(9.3.1)93 b(Ev)m(en)m(t)31 b(Designators)19
b Fn(:)e(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)32 b Fu(155)399 4534 y(9.3.2)93 b(W)-8
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)32 b Fu(158)399 4753 y(9.3.2)93 b(W)-8
b(ord)31 b(Designators)c Fn(:)15 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)39 b Fu(156)399
-4643 y(9.3.3)93 b(Mo)s(di\014ers)15 b Fn(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
+f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)39 b Fu(159)399
+4863 y(9.3.3)93 b(Mo)s(di\014ers)15 b Fn(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)29 b Fu(156)p eop end
+h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)29 b Fu(159)p eop end
%%Page: -4 6
TeXDict begin -4 5 bop 3677 -116 a Fu(iv)150 83 y Fs(10)135
b(Installing)46 b(Bash)16 b Fo(:)j(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
-f(:)h(:)f(:)29 b Fs(158)275 220 y Fu(10.1)92 b(Basic)32
+f(:)h(:)f(:)29 b Fs(161)275 220 y Fu(10.1)92 b(Basic)32
b(Installation)8 b Fn(:)17 b(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)22
-b Fu(158)275 330 y(10.2)92 b(Compilers)30 b(and)g(Options)17
+b Fu(161)275 330 y(10.2)92 b(Compilers)30 b(and)g(Options)17
b Fn(:)d(:)i(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)30 b Fu(159)275 439 y(10.3)92 b(Compiling)30
+(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)30 b Fu(162)275 439 y(10.3)92 b(Compiling)30
b(F)-8 b(or)32 b(Multiple)f(Arc)m(hitectures)10 b Fn(:)16
b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)23 b Fu(159)275 549 y(10.4)92
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)23 b Fu(162)275 549 y(10.4)92
b(Installation)32 b(Names)22 b Fn(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)35
-b Fu(160)275 658 y(10.5)92 b(Sp)s(ecifying)30 b(the)g(System)h(T)m(yp)s
+b Fu(163)275 658 y(10.5)92 b(Sp)s(ecifying)30 b(the)g(System)h(T)m(yp)s
(e)21 b Fn(:)14 b(:)i(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-h(:)34 b Fu(160)275 768 y(10.6)92 b(Sharing)30 b(Defaults)24
+h(:)34 b Fu(163)275 768 y(10.6)92 b(Sharing)30 b(Defaults)24
b Fn(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)37 b Fu(160)275
+f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)37 b Fu(163)275
878 y(10.7)92 b(Op)s(eration)30 b(Con)m(trols)12 b Fn(:)k(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)h(:)f(:)25 b Fu(161)275 987 y(10.8)92 b(Optional)31
+(:)h(:)f(:)25 b Fu(164)275 987 y(10.8)92 b(Optional)31
b(F)-8 b(eatures)19 b Fn(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)32
-b Fu(161)150 1238 y Fs(App)t(endix)44 b(A)119 b(Rep)t(orting)46
+b Fu(164)150 1238 y Fs(App)t(endix)44 b(A)119 b(Rep)t(orting)46
b(Bugs)21 b Fo(:)f(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)35 b Fs(167)150 1498 y(App)t(endix)44
+(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)35 b Fs(170)150 1498 y(App)t(endix)44
b(B)125 b(Ma)7 b(jor)46 b(Di\013erences)g(F)-11 b(rom)284
1639 y(The)45 b(Bourne)f(Shell)35 b Fo(:)19 b(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)47 b Fs(168)275 1776 y Fu(B.1)92
+f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)47 b Fs(171)275 1776 y Fu(B.1)92
b(Implemen)m(tation)31 b(Di\013erences)h(F)-8 b(rom)31
b(The)e(SVR4.2)j(Shell)22 b Fn(:)15 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
-(:)35 b Fu(172)150 2027 y Fs(App)t(endix)44 b(C)124 b(GNU)36
+(:)35 b Fu(175)150 2027 y Fs(App)t(endix)44 b(C)124 b(GNU)36
b(F)-11 b(ree)35 b(Do)t(cumen)l(tation)i(License)25 b
-Fo(:)20 b(:)29 b Fs(174)150 2305 y(App)t(endix)44 b(D)118
+Fo(:)20 b(:)29 b Fs(177)150 2305 y(App)t(endix)44 b(D)118
b(Indexes)27 b Fo(:)20 b(:)g(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)40
-b Fs(182)275 2442 y Fu(D.1)92 b(Index)29 b(of)i(Shell)f(Builtin)h
+b Fs(185)275 2442 y Fu(D.1)92 b(Index)29 b(of)i(Shell)f(Builtin)h
(Commands)23 b Fn(:)16 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)38
-b Fu(182)275 2552 y(D.2)92 b(Index)29 b(of)i(Shell)f(Reserv)m(ed)h(W)-8
+b Fu(185)275 2552 y(D.2)92 b(Index)29 b(of)i(Shell)f(Reserv)m(ed)h(W)-8
b(ords)20 b Fn(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)34
-b Fu(183)275 2661 y(D.3)92 b(P)m(arameter)31 b(and)f(V)-8
+b Fu(186)275 2661 y(D.3)92 b(P)m(arameter)31 b(and)f(V)-8
b(ariable)32 b(Index)27 b Fn(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)42 b Fu(184)275 2771 y(D.4)92 b(F)-8 b(unction)31
+h(:)f(:)g(:)42 b Fu(187)275 2771 y(D.4)92 b(F)-8 b(unction)31
b(Index)24 b Fn(:)15 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)38
-b Fu(186)275 2880 y(D.5)92 b(Concept)30 b(Index)15 b
+b Fu(189)275 2880 y(D.5)92 b(Concept)30 b(Index)15 b
Fn(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)29 b
-Fu(188)p eop end
+Fu(191)p eop end
%%Page: 1 7
TeXDict begin 1 6 bop 3705 -116 a Fu(1)150 299 y Fp(1)80
b(In)l(tro)t(duction)150 604 y Fs(1.1)68 b(What)45 b(is)g(Bash?)150
(\014le)h(\(see)g(Section)g(3.8)g([Shell)f(Scripts],)j(page)e(46\),)k
(from)41 b(a)i(string)330 3566 y(supplied)30 b(as)h(an)g(argumen)m(t)h
(to)g(the)f Ft(-c)g Fu(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)i(option)f(\(see)g(Section)g
-(6.1)g([In)m(v)m(oking)g(Bash],)330 3675 y(page)f(91\),)h(or)e(from)g
+(6.1)g([In)m(v)m(oking)g(Bash],)330 3675 y(page)f(92\),)h(or)e(from)g
(the)h(user's)f(terminal.)199 3821 y(2.)61 b(Breaks)43
b(the)g(input)f(in)m(to)h(w)m(ords)f(and)g(op)s(erators,)k(ob)s(eying)d
(the)g(quoting)g(rules)f(describ)s(ed)f(in)330 3931 y(Section)27
b(3.1.2)i([Quoting],)f(page)f(6.)40 b(These)26 b(tok)m(ens)i(are)f
(separated)g(b)m(y)f Ft(metacharacters)p Fu(.)36 b(Alias)330
4040 y(expansion)30 b(is)h(p)s(erformed)d(b)m(y)j(this)f(step)g(\(see)i
-(Section)f(6.6)g([Aliases],)i(page)e(100\).)199 4186
+(Section)f(6.6)g([Aliases],)i(page)e(101\).)199 4186
y(3.)61 b(P)m(arses)35 b(the)g(tok)m(ens)g(in)m(to)h(simple)e(and)g
(comp)s(ound)f(commands)h(\(see)h(Section)h(3.2)f([Shell)g(Com-)330
4296 y(mands],)30 b(page)h(9\).)199 4442 y(4.)61 b(P)m(erforms)40
([Shell)g(Expansions],)h(page)f(24\),)330 4551 y(breaking)35
b(the)g(expanded)g(tok)m(ens)h(in)m(to)g(lists)f(of)g(\014lenames)h
(\(see)g(Section)f(3.5.8)i([Filename)g(Ex-)330 4661 y(pansion],)30
-b(page)h(35\))h(and)e(commands)g(and)g(argumen)m(ts.)199
+b(page)h(36\))h(and)e(commands)g(and)g(argumen)m(ts.)199
4807 y(5.)61 b(P)m(erforms)36 b(an)m(y)i(necessary)f(redirections)g
(\(see)h(Section)f(3.6)h([Redirections],)i(page)e(38\))g(and)e(re-)330
4916 y(mo)m(v)m(es)c(the)e(redirection)h(op)s(erators)g(and)f(their)g
([Executing)f(Commands],)f(page)h(42\).)199 5208 y(7.)61
b(Optionally)40 b(w)m(aits)g(for)f(the)g(command)g(to)h(complete)g(and)
f(collects)i(its)f(exit)g(status)f(\(see)h(Sec-)330 5317
-y(tion)31 b(3.7.5)h([Exit)f(Status],)g(page)g(44\).)p
+y(tion)31 b(3.7.5)h([Exit)f(Status],)g(page)g(45\).)p
eop end
%%Page: 6 12
TeXDict begin 6 11 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
(quoted)g(if)h(it)g(is)f(to)h(represen)m(t)g(itself.)68
b(When)39 b(the)h(command)f(history)150 1018 y(expansion)i(facilities)j
(are)e(b)s(eing)f(used)g(\(see)h(Section)h(9.3)f([History)h(In)m
-(teraction],)j(page)c(154\),)47 b(the)150 1127 y Fr(history)30
+(teraction],)j(page)c(157\),)47 b(the)150 1127 y Fr(history)30
b(expansion)h Fu(c)m(haracter,)h(usually)f(`)p Ft(!)p
Fu(',)g(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(quoted)h(to)g(prev)m(en)m(t)g(history)g
(expansion.)41 b(See)150 1237 y(Section)22 b(9.1)g([Bash)f(History)h(F)
--8 b(acilities],)26 b(page)c(152,)j(for)20 b(more)h(details)h
+-8 b(acilities],)26 b(page)c(155,)j(for)20 b(more)h(details)h
(concerning)g(history)f(expansion.)275 1370 y(There)37
b(are)h(three)f(quoting)h(mec)m(hanisms:)56 b(the)38
b Fr(escap)s(e)g(c)m(haracter)p Fu(,)j(single)d(quotes,)i(and)d(double)
Fu(',)h(`)p Ft(`)p Fu(',)g(`)p Ft(\\)p Fu(',)g(and,)f(when)f(history)g
(expansion)h(is)g(enabled,)h(`)p Ft(!)p Fu('.)150 3280
y(When)c(the)g(shell)g(is)g(in)f Fm(posix)h Fu(mo)s(de)f(\(see)i
-(Section)g(6.11)g([Bash)f(POSIX)f(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g(106\),)h(the)e(`)p
+(Section)g(6.11)g([Bash)f(POSIX)f(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g(107\),)h(the)e(`)p
Ft(!)p Fu(')150 3390 y(has)d(no)g(sp)s(ecial)h(meaning)g(within)f
(double)g(quotes,)h(ev)m(en)g(when)f(history)g(expansion)g(is)g
(enabled.)40 b(The)150 3499 y(c)m(haracters)h(`)p Ft($)p
(allo)m(w)150 1973 y(commen)m(ts.)56 b(The)34 b Ft
(interactive_comments)c Fu(option)35 b(is)g(on)g(b)m(y)g(default)g(in)g
(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)55 b(See)150 2083 y(Section)30
-b(6.3)f([In)m(teractiv)m(e)j(Shells],)d(page)h(94,)g(for)e(a)i
+b(6.3)f([In)m(teractiv)m(e)j(Shells],)d(page)h(95,)g(for)e(a)i
(description)e(of)h(what)g(mak)m(es)h(a)f(shell)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e.)
150 2316 y Fs(3.2)68 b(Shell)45 b(Commands)150 2476 y
Fu(A)d(simple)g(shell)g(command)f(suc)m(h)h(as)g Ft(echo)29
(generally)g(sp)s(eci\014es)g(a)g(command)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(executed,)j
(with)150 4990 y(the)31 b(rest)f(of)h(the)f(w)m(ords)g(b)s(eing)g(that)
h(command's)f(argumen)m(ts.)275 5121 y(The)h(return)h(status)g(\(see)i
-(Section)f(3.7.5)h([Exit)f(Status],)h(page)f(44\))g(of)g(a)g(simple)f
+(Section)f(3.7.5)h([Exit)f(Status],)h(page)f(45\))g(of)g(a)g(simple)f
(command)g(is)h(its)150 5230 y(exit)38 b(status)f(as)g(pro)m(vided)f(b)
m(y)h(the)g Fm(posix)f Fu(1003.1)j Ft(waitpid)c Fu(function,)j(or)f
(128)p Ft(+)p Fr(n)g Fu(if)g(the)g(command)150 5340 y(w)m(as)31
150 2130 y(that)j(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(b)m(y)h Fm(posix)p
Fu(.)49 b(When)33 b(the)g(shell)g(is)h(in)e Fm(posix)h
Fu(mo)s(de)g(\(see)h(Section)g(6.11)g([Bash)g(POSIX)150
-2239 y(Mo)s(de],)j(page)e(106\),)j(it)e(do)s(es)e(not)i(recognize)g
+2239 y(Mo)s(de],)j(page)e(107\),)j(it)e(do)s(es)e(not)i(recognize)g
Ft(time)e Fu(as)h(a)h(reserv)m(ed)f(w)m(ord)f(if)h(the)g(next)g(tok)m
(en)h(b)s(egins)150 2349 y(with)d(a)g(`)p Ft(-)p Fu('.)49
b(The)33 b Ft(TIMEFORMAT)d Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(set)
g(to)h(a)g(format)f(string)g(that)h(sp)s(eci\014es)f(ho)m(w)g(the)150
2458 y(timing)38 b(information)g(should)e(b)s(e)h(displa)m(y)m(ed.)62
b(See)38 b(Section)g(5.2)g([Bash)g(V)-8 b(ariables],)41
-b(page)d(78,)i(for)e(a)150 2568 y(description)27 b(of)g(the)h(a)m(v)-5
+b(page)d(79,)i(for)e(a)150 2568 y(description)27 b(of)g(the)h(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)29 b(formats.)40 b(The)26 b(use)h(of)g Ft(time)f
Fu(as)i(a)f(reserv)m(ed)g(w)m(ord)g(p)s(ermits)f(the)h(timing)150
2677 y(of)38 b(shell)g(builtins,)i(shell)e(functions,)i(and)d(pip)s
(elines.)63 b(An)38 b(external)h Ft(time)e Fu(command)h(cannot)g(time)
150 2787 y(these)31 b(easily)-8 b(.)275 2927 y(When)26
b(the)h(shell)g(is)g(in)g Fm(posix)f Fu(mo)s(de)g(\(see)i(Section)f
-(6.11)i([Bash)e(POSIX)f(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g(106\),)h Ft(time)150
+(6.11)i([Bash)e(POSIX)f(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g(107\),)h Ft(time)150
3036 y Fu(ma)m(y)d(b)s(e)f(follo)m(w)m(ed)j(b)m(y)d(a)h(newline.)39
b(In)25 b(this)h(case,)i(the)d(shell)h(displa)m(ys)g(the)g(total)h
(user)e(and)g(system)h(time)150 3146 y(consumed)33 b(b)m(y)h(the)h
b(shell)g(do)s(es)g(not)g(w)m(ait)h(for)f(the)150 1102
y(command)34 b(to)h(\014nish,)f(and)f(the)h(return)f(status)i(is)f(0)g
(\(true\).)53 b(When)34 b(job)g(con)m(trol)h(is)f(not)h(activ)m(e)h
-(\(see)150 1211 y(Chapter)27 b(7)h([Job)f(Con)m(trol],)i(page)g(113\),)
+(\(see)150 1211 y(Chapter)27 b(7)h([Job)f(Con)m(trol],)i(page)g(116\),)
h(the)d(standard)g(input)f(for)i(async)m(hronous)f(commands,)h(in)f
(the)150 1321 y(absence)k(of)f(an)m(y)h(explicit)h(redirections,)f(is)f
(redirected)h(from)f Ft(/dev/null)p Fu(.)275 1448 y(Commands)19
2437 y Fu(First,)38 b(the)f(arithmetic)h(expression)e
Fr(expr1)43 b Fu(is)36 b(ev)-5 b(aluated)38 b(according)f(to)g(the)g
(rules)f(de-)630 2547 y(scrib)s(ed)41 b(b)s(elo)m(w)h(\(see)h(Section)g
-(6.5)g([Shell)g(Arithmetic],)j(page)d(98\).)77 b(The)42
+(6.5)g([Shell)g(Arithmetic],)j(page)d(99\).)77 b(The)42
b(arithmetic)630 2656 y(expression)33 b Fr(expr2)41 b
Fu(is)34 b(then)f(ev)-5 b(aluated)35 b(rep)s(eatedly)f(un)m(til)g(it)g
(ev)-5 b(aluates)35 b(to)g(zero.)51 b(Eac)m(h)630 2766
2642 y(\(\()h Fj(expression)e Ft(\)\))630 2777 y Fu(The)33
b(arithmetic)i Fr(expression)f Fu(is)f(ev)-5 b(aluated)35
b(according)g(to)f(the)g(rules)f(describ)s(ed)g(b)s(elo)m(w)630
-2887 y(\(see)22 b(Section)f(6.5)h([Shell)f(Arithmetic],)j(page)d(98\).)
+2887 y(\(see)22 b(Section)f(6.5)h([Shell)f(Arithmetic],)j(page)d(99\).)
39 b(The)20 b Fr(expression)h Fu(undergo)s(es)f(the)h(same)630
2996 y(expansions)35 b(as)h(if)f(it)h(w)m(ere)g(within)f(double)f
(quotes,)k(but)d(double)f(quote)i(c)m(haracters)h(in)630
(expres-)630 3755 y(sion)j Fr(expression)p Fu(.)41 b(Expressions)29
b(are)i(comp)s(osed)f(of)g(the)h(primaries)f(describ)s(ed)f(b)s(elo)m
(w)h(in)630 3865 y(Section)37 b(6.4)g([Bash)f(Conditional)h
-(Expressions],)g(page)g(96.)58 b(The)36 b(w)m(ords)f(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)i
+(Expressions],)g(page)g(97.)58 b(The)36 b(w)m(ords)f(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)i
(the)630 3974 y Ft([[)h Fu(and)g Ft(]])g Fu(do)g(not)h(undergo)f(w)m
(ord)g(splitting)h(and)f(\014lename)h(expansion.)65 b(The)38
b(shell)630 4084 y(p)s(erforms)26 b(tilde)j(expansion,)f(parameter)g
b(the)h(\014rst)150 3879 y(w)m(ord)30 b(of)h(the)f(simple)g(command.)
275 4007 y(When)42 b(the)i(copro)s(cess)f(is)g(executed,)48
b(the)43 b(shell)g(creates)i(an)e(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)44
-b(\(see)g(Section)g(6.7)150 4117 y([Arra)m(ys],)h(page)e(100\))g(named)
+b(\(see)g(Section)g(6.7)150 4117 y([Arra)m(ys],)h(page)e(101\))g(named)
e Fr(NAME)48 b Fu(in)41 b(the)h(con)m(text)h(of)f(the)g(executing)h
(shell.)75 b(The)41 b(standard)150 4226 y(output)32 b(of)h
Fr(command)i Fu(is)e(connected)g(via)g(a)g(pip)s(e)f(to)h(a)g(\014le)f
b Fu(is)29 b(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(as)g(the)h(name)f(of)h(a)f(simple)h
(command.)40 b(When)29 b(the)h(shell)f(is)h(in)f Fm(posix)150
4082 y Fu(mo)s(de)i(\(see)h(Section)g(6.11)h([Bash)f(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)
-i(page)g(106\),)i Fr(fname)i Fu(m)m(ust)31 b(b)s(e)g(a)h(v)-5
+i(page)g(107\),)i Fr(fname)i Fu(m)m(ust)31 b(b)s(e)g(a)h(v)-5
b(alid)31 b(shell)h(name)150 4192 y(and)h(ma)m(y)h(not)f(b)s(e)g(the)h
(same)f(as)h(one)g(of)f(the)h(sp)s(ecial)g(builtins)e(\(see)j(Section)f
-(4.4)g([Sp)s(ecial)g(Builtins],)150 4301 y(page)d(77\).)43
+(4.4)g([Sp)s(ecial)g(Builtins],)150 4301 y(page)d(78\).)43
b(In)29 b(default)i(mo)s(de,)g(a)f(function)h(name)f(can)h(b)s(e)f(an)m
(y)h(unquoted)e(shell)i(w)m(ord)f(that)h(do)s(es)g(not)150
4411 y(con)m(tain)k(`)p Ft($)p Fu('.)52 b(An)m(y)34 b(redirections)g
3258 y(F)-8 b(unction)51 b(names)f(and)g(de\014nitions)g(ma)m(y)i(b)s
(e)e(listed)h(with)f(the)h Ft(-f)f Fu(option)h(to)g(the)g
Ft(declare)150 3368 y Fu(\()p Ft(typeset)p Fu(\))43 b(builtin)h
-(command)g(\(see)h(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)g(Builtins],)j(page)d(55\).)83
+(command)g(\(see)h(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)g(Builtins],)j(page)d(56\).)83
b(The)44 b Ft(-F)f Fu(option)150 3477 y(to)e Ft(declare)e
Fu(or)i Ft(typeset)e Fu(will)i(list)g(the)g(function)f(names)h(only)g
(\(and)f(optionally)i(the)f(source)g(\014le)150 3587
Ft(attributes)p Fu(.)71 b(A)m(ttributes)42 b(are)f(assigned)h(using)f
(the)g Ft(declare)150 4989 y Fu(builtin)29 b(command)g(\(see)h(the)g
(description)f(of)g(the)h Ft(declare)d Fu(builtin)i(in)g(Section)h(4.2)
-g([Bash)g(Builtins],)150 5099 y(page)h(55\).)275 5230
+g([Bash)g(Builtins],)150 5099 y(page)h(56\).)275 5230
y(A)d(parameter)h(is)g(set)g(if)f(it)h(has)f(b)s(een)g(assigned)h(a)g
(v)-5 b(alue.)40 b(The)28 b(n)m(ull)h(string)f(is)h(a)g(v)-5
b(alid)28 b(v)-5 b(alue.)41 b(Once)150 5340 y(a)31 b(v)-5
Fu(,)f(and)g Ft(local)f Fu(builtin)150 1410 y(commands)31
b(\()p Fr(declaration)j Fu(commands\).)44 b(When)32 b(in)f
Fm(posix)g Fu(mo)s(de)g(\(see)h(Section)h(6.11)g([Bash)f(POSIX)150
-1520 y(Mo)s(de],)h(page)f(106\),)i(these)e(builtins)f(ma)m(y)h(app)s
+1520 y(Mo)s(de],)h(page)f(107\),)i(these)e(builtins)f(ma)m(y)h(app)s
(ear)f(in)g(a)h(command)f(after)h(one)g(or)g(more)g(instances)g(of)150
1630 y(the)f Ft(command)d Fu(builtin)i(and)g(retain)h(these)f
(assignmen)m(t)i(statemen)m(t)g(prop)s(erties.)275 1802
y(In)d(the)h(con)m(text)i(where)d(an)h(assignmen)m(t)h(statemen)m(t)h
(is)e(assigning)g(a)h(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(to)h(a)f(shell)g(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b(or)150 1911 y(arra)m(y)k(index)f(\(see)h(Section)g(6.7)g
-([Arra)m(ys],)h(page)f(100\),)i(the)e(`)p Ft(+=)p Fu(')f(op)s(erator)g
+([Arra)m(ys],)h(page)f(101\),)i(the)e(`)p Ft(+=)p Fu(')f(op)s(erator)g
(can)h(b)s(e)e(used)h(to)h(app)s(end)150 2021 y(to)h(or)g(add)e(to)j
(the)e(v)-5 b(ariable's)36 b(previous)f(v)-5 b(alue.)57
b(This)34 b(includes)h(argumen)m(ts)h(to)g(builtin)f(commands)150
b(alue,)30 b(whic)m(h)d(is)i(also)f(ev)-5 b(aluated.)150
2459 y(When)43 b(`)p Ft(+=)p Fu(')g(is)h(applied)f(to)h(an)f(arra)m(y)h
(v)-5 b(ariable)44 b(using)f(comp)s(ound)e(assignmen)m(t)j(\(see)h
-(Section)f(6.7)150 2569 y([Arra)m(ys],)g(page)d(100\),)k(the)c(v)-5
+(Section)f(6.7)150 2569 y([Arra)m(ys],)g(page)d(101\),)k(the)c(v)-5
b(ariable's)42 b(v)-5 b(alue)41 b(is)g(not)f(unset)h(\(as)g(it)g(is)g
(when)e(using)h(`)p Ft(=)p Fu('\),)k(and)c(new)150 2679
y(v)-5 b(alues)27 b(are)g(app)s(ended)f(to)h(the)g(arra)m(y)h(b)s
b(ariable)28 b(can)h(b)s(e)e(assigned)h(the)h Ft(nameref)d
Fu(attribute)i(using)g(the)g Ft(-n)f Fu(option)i(to)g(the)f
Ft(declare)e Fu(or)150 3180 y Ft(local)f Fu(builtin)h(commands)g(\(see)
-i(Section)f(4.2)h([Bash)f(Builtins],)h(page)f(55\))h(to)f(create)i(a)e
+i(Section)f(4.2)h([Bash)f(Builtins],)h(page)f(56\))h(to)f(create)i(a)e
Fr(nameref)p Fu(,)g(or)g(a)150 3289 y(reference)f(to)g(another)f(v)-5
b(ariable.)40 b(This)24 b(allo)m(ws)j(v)-5 b(ariables)26
b(to)g(b)s(e)e(manipulated)h(indirectly)-8 b(.)40 b(Whenev)m(er)150
(the)g(bac)m(k-)630 408 y(ground,)26 b(whether)g(executed)g(as)h(an)f
(async)m(hronous)f(command)h(or)g(using)g(the)g Ft(bg)f
Fu(builtin)630 518 y(\(see)31 b(Section)h(7.2)f([Job)f(Con)m(trol)h
-(Builtins],)g(page)h(114\).)150 675 y Ft(0)432 b Fu(\($0\))46
+(Builtins],)g(page)h(117\).)150 675 y Ft(0)432 b Fu(\($0\))46
b(Expands)d(to)i(the)g(name)g(of)f(the)h(shell)g(or)f(shell)h(script.)
83 b(This)44 b(is)g(set)h(at)h(shell)630 785 y(initialization.)d(If)27
b(Bash)h(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(with)e(a)i(\014le)e(of)h(commands)g
Ft($0)e Fu(is)h(set)g(to)g(the)f(name)h(of)f(that)h(\014le.)41
b(If)28 b(Bash)g(is)h(started)g(with)f(the)630 1004 y
Ft(-c)i Fu(option)h(\(see)h(Section)g(6.1)f([In)m(v)m(oking)h(Bash],)g
-(page)f(91\),)i(then)d Ft($0)g Fu(is)h(set)g(to)h(the)f(\014rst)630
+(page)f(92\),)i(then)d Ft($0)g Fu(is)h(set)g(to)h(the)f(\014rst)630
1113 y(argumen)m(t)g(after)g(the)g(string)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(executed,)i
(if)f(one)g(is)f(presen)m(t.)42 b(Otherwise,)31 b(it)g(is)f(set)630
1223 y(to)h(the)g(\014lename)f(used)g(to)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)h(Bash,)f
(3.4.2)i([Sp)s(ecial)e(P)m(arameters],)150 4096 y(page)31
b(23\),)h(and)e Ft("${)p Fj(name)p Ft([@]}")d Fu(and)i
Ft(${)p Fj(name)p Ft([*]})f Fu(\(see)j(Section)h(6.7)f([Arra)m(ys],)g
-(page)g(100\).)275 4229 y(After)41 b(all)i(expansions,)h
+(page)g(101\).)275 4229 y(After)41 b(all)i(expansions,)h
Ft(quote)29 b(removal)40 b Fu(\(see)i(Section)h(3.5.9)g([Quote)f(Remo)m
(v)-5 b(al],)47 b(page)42 b(38\))h(is)150 4339 y(p)s(erformed.)150
4535 y Fk(3.5.1)63 b(Brace)40 b(Expansion)150 4682 y
(arbitrary)f(strings)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(generated.)43
b(This)30 b(mec)m(h-)150 4792 y(anism)35 b(is)h(similar)f(to)h
Fr(\014lename)g(expansion)f Fu(\(see)i(Section)f(3.5.8)h([Filename)g
-(Expansion],)f(page)g(35\),)150 4902 y(but)26 b(the)h(\014lenames)g
+(Expansion],)f(page)g(36\),)150 4902 y(but)26 b(the)h(\014lenames)g
(generated)h(need)f(not)g(exist.)40 b(P)m(atterns)28
b(to)f(b)s(e)g(brace)g(expanded)f(tak)m(e)i(the)f(form)g(of)150
5011 y(an)j(optional)h Fr(pream)m(ble)p Fu(,)g(follo)m(w)m(ed)g(b)m(y)f
Ft(dirs)g Fu(builtin)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(with)e(the)g(c)m(haracters)
150 5121 y(follo)m(wing)40 b(tilde)f(in)g(the)f(tilde-pre\014x)h(as)g
(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(\(see)h(Section)f(6.8)h([The)e(Directory)i(Stac)m
-(k],)150 5230 y(page)34 b(102\).)50 b(If)32 b(the)h(tilde-pre\014x,)h
+(k],)150 5230 y(page)34 b(103\).)50 b(If)32 b(the)h(tilde-pre\014x,)h
(sans)e(the)h(tilde,)i(consists)e(of)g(a)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d(without)i
(a)g(leading)h(`)p Ft(+)p Fu(')f(or)150 5340 y(`)p Ft(-)p
Fu(',)e(`)p Ft(+)p Fu(')f(is)h(assumed.)p eop end
b(The)31 b Fr(parameter)39 b Fu(is)31 b(a)h(shell)f(parameter)h(as)g
(describ)s(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(\(see)f(Section)g(3.4)h([Shell)150
4215 y(P)m(arameters],)28 b(page)f(21\))g(or)f(an)f(arra)m(y)h
-(reference)h(\(see)f(Section)h(6.7)g([Arra)m(ys],)g(page)g(100\).)41
+(reference)h(\(see)f(Section)h(6.7)g([Arra)m(ys],)g(page)g(101\).)41
b(The)25 b(braces)150 4325 y(are)32 b(required)g(when)f
Fr(parameter)39 b Fu(is)32 b(a)h(p)s(ositional)f(parameter)h(with)f
(more)g(than)g(one)g(digit,)i(or)e(when)150 4434 y Fr(parameter)37
y(sp)s(eci\014ed)30 b(b)m(y)g Fr(o\013set)k Fu(and)c(extending)h(to)g
(the)g(end)f(of)g(the)h(v)-5 b(alue.)42 b Fr(length)31
b Fu(and)f Fr(o\013set)k Fu(are)630 408 y(arithmetic)e(expressions)e
-(\(see)h(Section)g(6.5)h([Shell)e(Arithmetic],)i(page)f(98\).)630
+(\(see)h(Section)g(6.5)h([Shell)e(Arithmetic],)i(page)f(99\).)630
555 y(If)39 b Fr(o\013set)k Fu(ev)-5 b(aluates)41 b(to)f(a)g(n)m(um)m
(b)s(er)f(less)h(than)f(zero,)k(the)d(v)-5 b(alue)40
b(is)g(used)e(as)i(an)g(o\013set)630 664 y(in)33 b(c)m(haracters)i
1285 y(bcdefgh)630 1395 y($)i(echo)g(${array[0]:)e(-7:0})630
1614 y($)i(echo)g(${array[0]:)e(-7:2})630 1724 y(bc)630
1833 y($)i(echo)g(${array[0]:)e(-7:-2})630 1943 y(bcdef)630
-2071 y Fu(If)34 b Fr(parameter)41 b Fu(is)35 b(`)p Ft(@)p
+2074 y Fu(If)34 b Fr(parameter)41 b Fu(is)35 b(`)p Ft(@)p
Fu(')f(or)h(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(',)h(the)e(result)g(is)h Fr(length)g
-Fu(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)g(b)s(eginning)630 2180
-y(at)27 b Fr(o\013set)p Fu(.)40 b(A)26 b(negativ)m(e)j
-Fr(o\013set)g Fu(is)d(tak)m(en)h(relativ)m(e)h(to)f(one)g(greater)g
-(than)f(the)g(greatest)i(p)s(o-)630 2290 y(sitional)i(parameter,)f(so)f
-(an)g(o\013set)i(of)e(-1)h(ev)-5 b(aluates)30 b(to)f(the)f(last)h(p)s
-(ositional)g(parameter.)630 2399 y(It)h(is)h(an)f(expansion)g(error)g
-(if)h Fr(length)f Fu(ev)-5 b(aluates)32 b(to)g(a)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f
-(less)i(than)f(zero.)630 2527 y(The)i(follo)m(wing)i(examples)f
-(illustrate)h(substring)d(expansion)i(using)f(p)s(ositional)h(param-)
-630 2637 y(eters:)630 2765 y Ft($)47 b(set)g(--)h(1)f(2)g(3)h(4)f(5)h
-(6)f(7)h(8)f(9)h(0)f(a)h(b)f(c)g(d)h(e)f(f)h(g)f(h)630
-2874 y($)g(echo)g(${@:7})630 2984 y(7)g(8)h(9)f(0)h(a)f(b)h(c)f(d)h(e)f
-(f)h(g)f(h)630 3093 y($)g(echo)g(${@:7:0})630 3313 y($)g(echo)g
-(${@:7:2})630 3422 y(7)g(8)630 3532 y($)g(echo)g(${@:7:-2})630
-3641 y(bash:)f(-2:)h(substring)f(expression)f(<)i(0)630
-3751 y($)g(echo)g(${@:)g(-7:2})630 3861 y(b)g(c)630 3970
-y($)g(echo)g(${@:0})630 4080 y(./bash)f(1)i(2)f(3)g(4)h(5)f(6)h(7)f(8)h
-(9)f(0)h(a)f(b)h(c)f(d)g(e)h(f)f(g)h(h)630 4189 y($)f(echo)g(${@:0:2})
-630 4299 y(./bash)f(1)630 4408 y($)h(echo)g(${@:)g(-7:0})630
-4646 y Fu(If)36 b Fr(parameter)43 b Fu(is)36 b(an)g(indexed)g(arra)m(y)
+Fu(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)g(b)s(eginning)630 2184
+y(at)j Fr(o\013set)p Fu(.)62 b(A)37 b(negativ)m(e)j Fr(o\013set)g
+Fu(is)d(tak)m(en)i(relativ)m(e)g(to)f(one)f(greater)i(than)e(the)g
+(greatest)630 2293 y(p)s(ositional)23 b(parameter,)h(so)e(an)g
+(o\013set)h(of)g(-1)f(ev)-5 b(aluates)24 b(to)f(the)f(last)h(p)s
+(ositional)f(parameter)630 2403 y(\(or)34 b(0)g(if)g(there)g(are)g(no)f
+(p)s(ositional)i(parameters\).)51 b(It)34 b(is)g(an)f(expansion)h
+(error)f(if)h Fr(length)630 2513 y Fu(ev)-5 b(aluates)32
+b(to)f(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(less)i(than)f(zero.)630
+2644 y(The)i(follo)m(wing)i(examples)f(illustrate)h(substring)d
+(expansion)i(using)f(p)s(ositional)h(param-)630 2754
+y(eters:)630 2885 y Ft($)47 b(set)g(--)h(1)f(2)g(3)h(4)f(5)h(6)f(7)h(8)
+f(9)h(0)f(a)h(b)f(c)g(d)h(e)f(f)h(g)f(h)630 2995 y($)g(echo)g(${@:7})
+630 3104 y(7)g(8)h(9)f(0)h(a)f(b)h(c)f(d)h(e)f(f)h(g)f(h)630
+3214 y($)g(echo)g(${@:7:0})630 3433 y($)g(echo)g(${@:7:2})630
+3543 y(7)g(8)630 3652 y($)g(echo)g(${@:7:-2})630 3762
+y(bash:)f(-2:)h(substring)f(expression)f(<)i(0)630 3871
+y($)g(echo)g(${@:)g(-7:2})630 3981 y(b)g(c)630 4091 y($)g(echo)g
+(${@:0})630 4200 y(./bash)f(1)i(2)f(3)g(4)h(5)f(6)h(7)f(8)h(9)f(0)h(a)f
+(b)h(c)f(d)g(e)h(f)f(g)h(h)630 4310 y($)f(echo)g(${@:0:2})630
+4419 y(./bash)f(1)630 4529 y($)h(echo)g(${@:)g(-7:0})630
+4770 y Fu(If)36 b Fr(parameter)43 b Fu(is)36 b(an)g(indexed)g(arra)m(y)
g(name)g(subscripted)f(b)m(y)h(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')g(or)h(`)p
-Ft(*)p Fu(',)h(the)e(result)g(is)630 4755 y(the)j Fr(length)g
+Ft(*)p Fu(',)h(the)e(result)g(is)630 4880 y(the)j Fr(length)g
Fu(mem)m(b)s(ers)f(of)h(the)f(arra)m(y)i(b)s(eginning)d(with)i
Ft(${)p Fj(parameter)p Ft([)p Fj(offset)p Ft(]})p Fu(.)60
-b(A)630 4865 y(negativ)m(e)33 b Fr(o\013set)g Fu(is)e(tak)m(en)h
+b(A)630 4989 y(negativ)m(e)33 b Fr(o\013set)g Fu(is)e(tak)m(en)h
(relativ)m(e)g(to)g(one)f(greater)g(than)g(the)f(maxim)m(um)h(index)f
-(of)h(the)630 4975 y(sp)s(eci\014ed)38 b(arra)m(y)-8
+(of)h(the)630 5099 y(sp)s(eci\014ed)38 b(arra)m(y)-8
b(.)65 b(It)38 b(is)g(an)h(expansion)f(error)f(if)i Fr(length)f
Fu(ev)-5 b(aluates)40 b(to)f(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(less)630
-5084 y(than)30 b(zero.)630 5212 y(These)23 b(examples)i(sho)m(w)e(ho)m
+5208 y(than)30 b(zero.)630 5340 y(These)23 b(examples)i(sho)m(w)e(ho)m
(w)h(y)m(ou)g(can)g(use)f(substring)f(expansion)i(with)f(indexed)g
-(arra)m(ys:)630 5340 y Ft($)47 b(array=\(0)f(1)h(2)h(3)f(4)h(5)f(6)h(7)
-f(8)h(9)f(0)h(a)f(b)g(c)h(d)f(e)h(f)f(g)h(h\))p eop end
+(arra)m(ys:)p eop end
%%Page: 30 36
TeXDict begin 30 35 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(30)630 299
-y Ft($)47 b(echo)g(${array[@]:7})630 408 y(7)g(8)h(9)f(0)h(a)f(b)h(c)f
-(d)h(e)f(f)h(g)f(h)630 518 y($)g(echo)g(${array[@]:7:2})630
-628 y(7)g(8)630 737 y($)g(echo)g(${array[@]:)e(-7:2})630
-847 y(b)i(c)630 956 y($)g(echo)g(${array[@]:)e(-7:-2})630
-1066 y(bash:)h(-2:)h(substring)f(expression)f(<)i(0)630
-1176 y($)g(echo)g(${array[@]:0})630 1285 y(0)g(1)h(2)f(3)h(4)f(5)h(6)f
-(7)h(8)f(9)h(0)f(a)g(b)h(c)f(d)h(e)f(f)h(g)f(h)630 1395
-y($)g(echo)g(${array[@]:0:2})630 1504 y(0)g(1)630 1614
-y($)g(echo)g(${array[@]:)e(-7:0})630 1855 y Fu(Substring)25
-b(expansion)g(applied)h(to)h(an)f(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)j(arra)m(y)d(pro)s
-(duces)f(unde\014ned)f(results.)630 1987 y(Substring)32
-b(indexing)i(is)f(zero-based)i(unless)e(the)h(p)s(ositional)g
-(parameters)g(are)g(used,)g(in)630 2096 y(whic)m(h)29
+y Ft($)47 b(array=\(0)f(1)h(2)h(3)f(4)h(5)f(6)h(7)f(8)h(9)f(0)h(a)f(b)g
+(c)h(d)f(e)h(f)f(g)h(h\))630 408 y($)f(echo)g(${array[@]:7})630
+518 y(7)g(8)h(9)f(0)h(a)f(b)h(c)f(d)h(e)f(f)h(g)f(h)630
+628 y($)g(echo)g(${array[@]:7:2})630 737 y(7)g(8)630
+847 y($)g(echo)g(${array[@]:)e(-7:2})630 956 y(b)i(c)630
+1066 y($)g(echo)g(${array[@]:)e(-7:-2})630 1176 y(bash:)h(-2:)h
+(substring)f(expression)f(<)i(0)630 1285 y($)g(echo)g(${array[@]:0})630
+1395 y(0)g(1)h(2)f(3)h(4)f(5)h(6)f(7)h(8)f(9)h(0)f(a)g(b)h(c)f(d)h(e)f
+(f)h(g)f(h)630 1504 y($)g(echo)g(${array[@]:0:2})630
+1614 y(0)g(1)630 1724 y($)g(echo)g(${array[@]:)e(-7:0})630
+1965 y Fu(Substring)25 b(expansion)g(applied)h(to)h(an)f(asso)s(ciativ)
+m(e)j(arra)m(y)d(pro)s(duces)f(unde\014ned)f(results.)630
+2096 y(Substring)32 b(indexing)i(is)f(zero-based)i(unless)e(the)h(p)s
+(ositional)g(parameters)g(are)g(used,)g(in)630 2206 y(whic)m(h)29
b(case)i(the)f(indexing)g(starts)g(at)g(1)g(b)m(y)g(default.)41
b(If)29 b Fr(o\013set)k Fu(is)d(0,)g(and)f(the)h(p)s(ositional)630
-2206 y(parameters)h(are)f(used,)g Ft($0)g Fu(is)g(pre\014xed)g(to)h
-(the)f(list.)150 2359 y Ft(${!)p Fj(prefix)p Ft(*})150
-2469 y(${!)p Fj(prefix)p Ft(@})630 2578 y Fu(Expands)24
+2315 y(parameters)h(are)f(used,)g Ft($0)g Fu(is)g(pre\014xed)g(to)h
+(the)f(list.)150 2469 y Ft(${!)p Fj(prefix)p Ft(*})150
+2578 y(${!)p Fj(prefix)p Ft(@})630 2688 y Fu(Expands)24
b(to)h(the)g(names)g(of)g(v)-5 b(ariables)26 b(whose)f(names)f(b)s
(egin)h(with)f Fr(pre\014x)p Fu(,)i(separated)f(b)m(y)630
-2688 y(the)k(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)j(of)e(the)g Ft(IFS)f
+2798 y(the)k(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)j(of)e(the)g Ft(IFS)f
Fu(sp)s(ecial)i(v)-5 b(ariable.)41 b(When)29 b(`)p Ft(@)p
-Fu(')g(is)g(used)f(and)h(the)g(expan-)630 2798 y(sion)35
+Fu(')g(is)g(used)f(and)h(the)g(expan-)630 2907 y(sion)35
b(app)s(ears)g(within)f(double)h(quotes,)i(eac)m(h)f(v)-5
b(ariable)36 b(name)f(expands)g(to)g(a)h(separate)630
-2907 y(w)m(ord.)150 3061 y Ft(${!)p Fj(name)p Ft([@]})150
-3170 y(${!)p Fj(name)p Ft([*]})630 3280 y Fu(If)26 b
+3017 y(w)m(ord.)150 3170 y Ft(${!)p Fj(name)p Ft([@]})150
+3280 y(${!)p Fj(name)p Ft([*]})630 3389 y Fu(If)26 b
Fr(name)32 b Fu(is)27 b(an)f(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable,)29
b(expands)d(to)h(the)g(list)g(of)g(arra)m(y)g(indices)g(\(k)m(eys\))h
-(assigned)630 3389 y(in)c Fr(name)p Fu(.)39 b(If)24 b
+(assigned)630 3499 y(in)c Fr(name)p Fu(.)39 b(If)24 b
Fr(name)30 b Fu(is)24 b(not)h(an)f(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)27
b(expands)c(to)j(0)f(if)f Fr(name)30 b Fu(is)24 b(set)h(and)f(n)m(ull)g
-(otherwise.)630 3499 y(When)39 b(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')h(is)f(used)g(and)f
+(otherwise.)630 3608 y(When)39 b(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')h(is)f(used)g(and)f
(the)i(expansion)f(app)s(ears)g(within)f(double)h(quotes,)k(eac)m(h)d
-(k)m(ey)630 3608 y(expands)30 b(to)h(a)f(separate)i(w)m(ord.)150
-3762 y Ft(${#)p Fj(parameter)p Ft(})630 3871 y Fu(The)40
+(k)m(ey)630 3718 y(expands)30 b(to)h(a)f(separate)i(w)m(ord.)150
+3871 y Ft(${#)p Fj(parameter)p Ft(})630 3981 y Fu(The)40
b(length)g(in)g(c)m(haracters)i(of)e(the)h(expanded)e(v)-5
b(alue)41 b(of)f Fr(parameter)47 b Fu(is)40 b(substituted.)630
-3981 y(If)i Fr(parameter)50 b Fu(is)43 b(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(')g(or)g(`)p
+4091 y(If)i Fr(parameter)50 b Fu(is)43 b(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(')g(or)g(`)p
Ft(@)p Fu(',)k(the)c(v)-5 b(alue)43 b(substituted)f(is)h(the)g(n)m(um)m
-(b)s(er)f(of)h(p)s(ositional)630 4091 y(parameters.)i(If)32
+(b)s(er)f(of)h(p)s(ositional)630 4200 y(parameters.)i(If)32
b Fr(parameter)38 b Fu(is)32 b(an)g(arra)m(y)g(name)g(subscripted)f(b)m
(y)g(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(')h(or)g(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(',)g(the)g(v)-5
-b(alue)630 4200 y(substituted)30 b(is)h(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i
+b(alue)630 4310 y(substituted)30 b(is)h(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i
(elemen)m(ts)i(in)d(the)h(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)43 b(If)30
-b Fr(parameter)38 b Fu(is)31 b(an)f(indexed)630 4310
+b Fr(parameter)38 b Fu(is)31 b(an)f(indexed)630 4419
y(arra)m(y)37 b(name)g(subscripted)f(b)m(y)h(a)g(negativ)m(e)i(n)m(um)m
(b)s(er,)f(that)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(is)g(in)m(terpreted)i(as)630
-4419 y(relativ)m(e)47 b(to)g(one)e(greater)i(than)e(the)h(maxim)m(um)f
+4529 y(relativ)m(e)47 b(to)g(one)e(greater)i(than)e(the)h(maxim)m(um)f
(index)g(of)g Fr(parameter)p Fu(,)50 b(so)c(negativ)m(e)630
-4529 y(indices)30 b(coun)m(t)h(bac)m(k)g(from)f(the)h(end)e(of)i(the)f
+4639 y(indices)30 b(coun)m(t)h(bac)m(k)g(from)f(the)h(end)e(of)i(the)f
(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)32 b(and)e(an)g(index)g(of)g(-1)h(references)g(the)630
-4639 y(last)g(elemen)m(t.)150 4792 y Ft(${)p Fj(parameter)p
-Ft(#)p Fj(word)p Ft(})150 4902 y(${)p Fj(parameter)p
-Ft(##)p Fj(word)p Ft(})630 5011 y Fu(The)43 b Fr(w)m(ord)k
+4748 y(last)g(elemen)m(t.)150 4902 y Ft(${)p Fj(parameter)p
+Ft(#)p Fj(word)p Ft(})150 5011 y(${)p Fj(parameter)p
+Ft(##)p Fj(word)p Ft(})630 5121 y Fu(The)43 b Fr(w)m(ord)k
Fu(is)d(expanded)f(to)h(pro)s(duce)f(a)h(pattern)g(and)f(matc)m(hed)i
-(according)f(to)h(the)630 5121 y(rules)31 b(describ)s(ed)g(b)s(elo)m(w)
+(according)f(to)h(the)630 5230 y(rules)31 b(describ)s(ed)g(b)s(elo)m(w)
h(\(see)h(Section)g(3.5.8.1)h([P)m(attern)g(Matc)m(hing],)g(page)f
-(36\).)46 b(If)32 b(the)630 5230 y(pattern)37 b(matc)m(hes)h(the)f(b)s
+(36\).)46 b(If)32 b(the)630 5340 y(pattern)37 b(matc)m(hes)h(the)f(b)s
(eginning)f(of)h(the)g(expanded)f(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(of)f
-Fr(parameter)p Fu(,)i(then)e(the)630 5340 y(result)f(of)h(the)f
-(expansion)h(is)f(the)h(expanded)e(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)g
-Fr(parameter)43 b Fu(with)36 b(the)h(shortest)p eop end
+Fr(parameter)p Fu(,)i(then)e(the)p eop end
%%Page: 31 37
TeXDict begin 31 36 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(31)630 299
-y(matc)m(hing)31 b(pattern)e(\(the)h(`)p Ft(#)p Fu(')g(case\))h(or)e
-(the)h(longest)h(matc)m(hing)f(pattern)g(\(the)g(`)p
-Ft(##)p Fu(')g(case\))630 408 y(deleted.)49 b(If)32 b
+y(result)36 b(of)h(the)f(expansion)h(is)f(the)h(expanded)e(v)-5
+b(alue)37 b(of)g Fr(parameter)43 b Fu(with)36 b(the)h(shortest)630
+408 y(matc)m(hing)31 b(pattern)e(\(the)h(`)p Ft(#)p Fu(')g(case\))h(or)
+e(the)h(longest)h(matc)m(hing)f(pattern)g(\(the)g(`)p
+Ft(##)p Fu(')g(case\))630 518 y(deleted.)49 b(If)32 b
Fr(parameter)40 b Fu(is)33 b(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')g(or)g(`)p
Ft(*)p Fu(',)h(the)f(pattern)g(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)34 b(op)s(eration)g(is)
-f(applied)f(to)630 518 y(eac)m(h)38 b(p)s(ositional)g(parameter)g(in)f
+f(applied)f(to)630 628 y(eac)m(h)38 b(p)s(ositional)g(parameter)g(in)f
(turn,)h(and)e(the)h(expansion)g(is)h(the)f(resultan)m(t)h(list.)61
-b(If)630 628 y Fr(parameter)38 b Fu(is)32 b(an)f(arra)m(y)h(v)-5
+b(If)630 737 y Fr(parameter)38 b Fu(is)32 b(an)f(arra)m(y)h(v)-5
b(ariable)32 b(subscripted)e(with)h(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')g(or)h(`)p
-Ft(*)p Fu(',)g(the)f(pattern)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)630 737
+Ft(*)p Fu(',)g(the)f(pattern)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)630 847
y(op)s(eration)30 b(is)g(applied)f(to)i(eac)m(h)g(mem)m(b)s(er)e(of)h
(the)g(arra)m(y)g(in)f(turn,)g(and)g(the)h(expansion)g(is)630
-847 y(the)h(resultan)m(t)g(list.)150 1019 y Ft(${)p Fj(parameter)p
-Ft(\045)p Fj(word)p Ft(})150 1129 y(${)p Fj(parameter)p
-Ft(\045\045)p Fj(word)p Ft(})630 1238 y Fu(The)43 b Fr(w)m(ord)k
+956 y(the)h(resultan)m(t)g(list.)150 1129 y Ft(${)p Fj(parameter)p
+Ft(\045)p Fj(word)p Ft(})150 1238 y(${)p Fj(parameter)p
+Ft(\045\045)p Fj(word)p Ft(})630 1348 y Fu(The)43 b Fr(w)m(ord)k
Fu(is)d(expanded)f(to)h(pro)s(duce)f(a)h(pattern)g(and)f(matc)m(hed)i
-(according)f(to)h(the)630 1348 y(rules)f(describ)s(ed)g(b)s(elo)m(w)h
+(according)f(to)h(the)630 1457 y(rules)f(describ)s(ed)g(b)s(elo)m(w)h
(\(see)h(Section)g(3.5.8.1)h([P)m(attern)f(Matc)m(hing],)51
-b(page)45 b(36\).)85 b(If)630 1457 y(the)43 b(pattern)g(matc)m(hes)h(a)
+b(page)45 b(36\).)85 b(If)630 1567 y(the)43 b(pattern)g(matc)m(hes)h(a)
g(trailing)g(p)s(ortion)e(of)h(the)g(expanded)g(v)-5
-b(alue)43 b(of)g Fr(parameter)p Fu(,)630 1567 y(then)c(the)g(result)g
+b(alue)43 b(of)g Fr(parameter)p Fu(,)630 1677 y(then)c(the)g(result)g
(of)h(the)f(expansion)g(is)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)40 b(of)f
-Fr(parameter)46 b Fu(with)39 b(the)h(shortest)630 1677
+Fr(parameter)46 b Fu(with)39 b(the)h(shortest)630 1786
y(matc)m(hing)31 b(pattern)e(\(the)h(`)p Ft(\045)p Fu(')g(case\))h(or)e
(the)h(longest)h(matc)m(hing)f(pattern)g(\(the)g(`)p
-Ft(\045\045)p Fu(')g(case\))630 1786 y(deleted.)49 b(If)32
+Ft(\045\045)p Fu(')g(case\))630 1896 y(deleted.)49 b(If)32
b Fr(parameter)40 b Fu(is)33 b(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')g(or)g(`)p
Ft(*)p Fu(',)h(the)f(pattern)g(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)34 b(op)s(eration)g(is)
-f(applied)f(to)630 1896 y(eac)m(h)38 b(p)s(ositional)g(parameter)g(in)f
+f(applied)f(to)630 2005 y(eac)m(h)38 b(p)s(ositional)g(parameter)g(in)f
(turn,)h(and)e(the)h(expansion)g(is)h(the)f(resultan)m(t)h(list.)61
-b(If)630 2005 y Fr(parameter)38 b Fu(is)32 b(an)f(arra)m(y)h(v)-5
+b(If)630 2115 y Fr(parameter)38 b Fu(is)32 b(an)f(arra)m(y)h(v)-5
b(ariable)32 b(subscripted)e(with)h(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')g(or)h(`)p
-Ft(*)p Fu(',)g(the)f(pattern)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)630 2115
+Ft(*)p Fu(',)g(the)f(pattern)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)630 2225
y(op)s(eration)30 b(is)g(applied)f(to)i(eac)m(h)g(mem)m(b)s(er)e(of)h
(the)g(arra)m(y)g(in)f(turn,)g(and)g(the)h(expansion)g(is)630
-2225 y(the)h(resultan)m(t)g(list.)150 2397 y Ft(${)p
+2334 y(the)h(resultan)m(t)g(list.)150 2506 y Ft(${)p
Fj(parameter)p Ft(/)p Fj(pattern)p Ft(/)p Fj(stri)o(ng)p
-Ft(})150 2506 y(${)p Fj(parameter)p Ft(//)p Fj(pattern)p
-Ft(/)p Fj(str)o(ing)p Ft(})150 2616 y(${)p Fj(parameter)p
-Ft(/#)p Fj(pattern)p Ft(/)p Fj(str)o(ing)p Ft(})150 2725
+Ft(})150 2616 y(${)p Fj(parameter)p Ft(//)p Fj(pattern)p
+Ft(/)p Fj(str)o(ing)p Ft(})150 2725 y(${)p Fj(parameter)p
+Ft(/#)p Fj(pattern)p Ft(/)p Fj(str)o(ing)p Ft(})150 2835
y(${)p Fj(parameter)p Ft(/\045)p Fj(pattern)p Ft(/)p
-Fj(str)o(ing)p Ft(})630 2835 y Fu(The)37 b Fr(pattern)g
+Fj(str)o(ing)p Ft(})630 2945 y Fu(The)37 b Fr(pattern)g
Fu(is)g(expanded)g(to)h(pro)s(duce)e(a)h(pattern)g(just)g(as)h(in)e
-(\014lename)i(expansion.)630 2945 y Fr(P)m(arameter)46
+(\014lename)i(expansion.)630 3054 y Fr(P)m(arameter)46
b Fu(is)38 b(expanded)f(and)g(the)i(longest)g(matc)m(h)g(of)f
Fr(pattern)g Fu(against)h(its)f(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(is)630
-3054 y(replaced)30 b(with)e Fr(string)p Fu(.)41 b Fr(string)c
+3164 y(replaced)30 b(with)e Fr(string)p Fu(.)41 b Fr(string)c
Fu(undergo)s(es)28 b(tilde)i(expansion,)f(parameter)h(and)e(v)-5
-b(ariable)630 3164 y(expansion,)25 b(arithmetic)g(expansion,)g(command)
+b(ariable)630 3273 y(expansion,)25 b(arithmetic)g(expansion,)g(command)
e(and)g(pro)s(cess)g(substitution,)i(and)e(quote)630
-3273 y(remo)m(v)-5 b(al.)54 b(The)33 b(matc)m(h)j(is)e(p)s(erformed)f
+3383 y(remo)m(v)-5 b(al.)54 b(The)33 b(matc)m(h)j(is)e(p)s(erformed)f
(according)i(to)g(the)f(rules)g(describ)s(ed)f(b)s(elo)m(w)i(\(see)630
-3383 y(Section)c(3.5.8.1)i([P)m(attern)f(Matc)m(hing],)g(page)f(36\).)
-630 3524 y(In)45 b(the)g(\014rst)g(form)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e,)50
+3493 y(Section)c(3.5.8.1)i([P)m(attern)f(Matc)m(hing],)g(page)f(36\).)
+630 3634 y(In)45 b(the)g(\014rst)g(form)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e,)50
b(only)c(the)f(\014rst)g(matc)m(h)h(is)f(replaced.)86
-b(If)45 b(there)h(are)g(t)m(w)m(o)630 3634 y(slashes)28
+b(If)45 b(there)h(are)g(t)m(w)m(o)630 3743 y(slashes)28
b(separating)g Fr(parameter)35 b Fu(and)27 b Fr(pattern)g
Fu(\(the)i(second)e(form)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e\),)j(all)f(matc)m(hes)630
-3743 y(of)d Fr(pattern)g Fu(are)g(replaced)g(with)f Fr(string)p
+3853 y(of)d Fr(pattern)g Fu(are)g(replaced)g(with)f Fr(string)p
Fu(.)40 b(If)25 b Fr(pattern)h Fu(is)f(preceded)h(b)m(y)f(`)p
-Ft(#)p Fu(')h(\(the)h(third)d(form)630 3853 y(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e\),)32
+Ft(#)p Fu(')h(\(the)h(third)d(form)630 3962 y(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e\),)32
b(it)e(m)m(ust)f(matc)m(h)i(at)f(the)g(b)s(eginning)e(of)i(the)g
(expanded)f(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(of)f Fr(parameter)p Fu(.)41
-b(If)630 3962 y Fr(pattern)28 b Fu(is)g(preceded)g(b)m(y)g(`)p
+b(If)630 4072 y Fr(pattern)28 b Fu(is)g(preceded)g(b)m(y)g(`)p
Ft(\045)p Fu(')g(\(the)h(fourth)e(form)h(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e\),)i(it)f(m)m
-(ust)f(matc)m(h)h(at)g(the)f(end)g(of)630 4072 y(the)i(expanded)e(v)-5
+(ust)f(matc)m(h)h(at)g(the)f(end)g(of)630 4181 y(the)i(expanded)e(v)-5
b(alue)30 b(of)g Fr(parameter)p Fu(.)41 b(If)28 b(the)i(expansion)f(of)
h Fr(string)37 b Fu(is)29 b(n)m(ull,)h(matc)m(hes)h(of)630
-4181 y Fr(pattern)d Fu(are)g(deleted.)41 b(If)28 b Fr(string)35
+4291 y Fr(pattern)d Fu(are)g(deleted.)41 b(If)28 b Fr(string)35
b Fu(is)28 b(n)m(ull,)h(matc)m(hes)g(of)f Fr(pattern)g
-Fu(are)h(deleted)f(and)g(the)g(`)p Ft(/)p Fu(')630 4291
+Fu(are)h(deleted)f(and)g(the)g(`)p Ft(/)p Fu(')630 4401
y(follo)m(wing)k Fr(pattern)e Fu(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(omitted.)630
-4432 y(If)f(the)h Ft(patsub_replacement)25 b Fu(shell)30
+4542 y(If)f(the)h Ft(patsub_replacement)25 b Fu(shell)30
b(option)g(is)f(enabled)h(using)f Ft(shopt)p Fu(,)g(an)m(y)h(unquoted)
-630 4542 y(instances)40 b(of)g(`)p Ft(&)p Fu(')g(in)f
+630 4651 y(instances)40 b(of)g(`)p Ft(&)p Fu(')g(in)f
Fr(string)48 b Fu(are)40 b(replaced)g(with)g(the)g(matc)m(hing)g(p)s
-(ortion)g(of)g Fr(pattern)p Fu(.)630 4651 y(This)30 b(is)g(in)m(tended)
+(ortion)g(of)g Fr(pattern)p Fu(.)630 4761 y(This)30 b(is)g(in)m(tended)
g(to)h(duplicate)g(a)g(common)g Ft(sed)e Fu(idiom.)630
-4792 y(Quoting)g(an)m(y)f(part)h(of)f Fr(string)36 b
+4902 y(Quoting)g(an)m(y)f(part)h(of)f Fr(string)36 b
Fu(inhibits)28 b(replacemen)m(t)i(in)e(the)g(expansion)h(of)f(the)h
-(quoted)630 4902 y(p)s(ortion,)j(including)g(replacemen)m(t)h(strings)f
+(quoted)630 5011 y(p)s(ortion,)j(including)g(replacemen)m(t)h(strings)f
(stored)g(in)g(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariables.)46 b(Bac)m(kslash)34
-b(will)630 5011 y(escap)s(e)k(`)p Ft(&)p Fu(')g(in)f
+b(will)630 5121 y(escap)s(e)k(`)p Ft(&)p Fu(')g(in)f
Fr(string)8 b Fu(;)42 b(the)c(bac)m(kslash)g(is)g(remo)m(v)m(ed)g(in)g
(order)f(to)h(p)s(ermit)f(a)i(literal)g(`)p Ft(&)p Fu(')630
-5121 y(in)31 b(the)h(replacemen)m(t)h(string.)44 b(Users)32
+5230 y(in)31 b(the)h(replacemen)m(t)h(string.)44 b(Users)32
b(should)e(tak)m(e)k(care)e(if)g Fr(string)39 b Fu(is)32
-b(double-quoted)f(to)630 5230 y(a)m(v)m(oid)37 b(un)m(w)m(an)m(ted)f
+b(double-quoted)f(to)630 5340 y(a)m(v)m(oid)37 b(un)m(w)m(an)m(ted)f
(in)m(teractions)i(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)e(the)g(bac)m(kslash)h(and)e
-(double-quoting,)j(since)630 5340 y(bac)m(kslash)31 b(has)f(sp)s(ecial)
-h(meaning)f(within)g(double)f(quotes.)42 b(P)m(attern)31
-b(substitution)f(p)s(er-)p eop end
+(double-quoting,)j(since)p eop end
%%Page: 32 38
TeXDict begin 32 37 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(32)630 299
-y(forms)28 b(the)h(c)m(hec)m(k)i(for)d(unquoted)g(`)p
+y(bac)m(kslash)31 b(has)f(sp)s(ecial)h(meaning)f(within)g(double)f
+(quotes.)42 b(P)m(attern)31 b(substitution)f(p)s(er-)630
+408 y(forms)e(the)h(c)m(hec)m(k)i(for)d(unquoted)g(`)p
Ft(&)p Fu(')h(after)g(expanding)g Fr(string)p Fu(,)g(so)g(users)f
-(should)g(ensure)630 408 y(to)33 b(prop)s(erly)e(quote)i(an)m(y)f(o)s
+(should)g(ensure)630 518 y(to)33 b(prop)s(erly)e(quote)i(an)m(y)f(o)s
(ccurrences)g(of)h(`)p Ft(&)p Fu(')f(they)g(w)m(an)m(t)h(to)g(b)s(e)f
-(tak)m(en)h(literally)h(in)e(the)630 518 y(replacemen)m(t)k(and)e
+(tak)m(en)h(literally)h(in)e(the)630 628 y(replacemen)m(t)k(and)e
(ensure)g(an)m(y)h(instances)g(of)g(`)p Ft(&)p Fu(')f(they)h(w)m(an)m
-(t)g(to)h(b)s(e)e(replaced)h(are)g(un-)630 628 y(quoted.)630
-756 y(F)-8 b(or)31 b(instance,)870 883 y Ft(var=abcdef)870
-993 y(rep='&)46 b(')870 1103 y(echo)h(${var/abc/&)d(})870
-1212 y(echo)j("${var/abc/&)d(}")870 1322 y(echo)j(${var/abc/$rep})870
-1431 y(echo)g("${var/abc/$rep}")630 1559 y Fu(will)31
+(t)g(to)h(b)s(e)e(replaced)h(are)g(un-)630 737 y(quoted.)630
+924 y(F)-8 b(or)31 b(instance,)870 1110 y Ft(var=abcdef)870
+1219 y(rep='&)46 b(')870 1329 y(echo)h(${var/abc/&)d(})870
+1439 y(echo)j("${var/abc/&)d(}")870 1548 y(echo)j(${var/abc/$rep})870
+1658 y(echo)g("${var/abc/$rep}")630 1844 y Fu(will)31
b(displa)m(y)f(four)g(lines)h(of)f Ft(")p Fu(ab)s(c)g(def)p
-Ft(")p Fu(,)g(while)870 1687 y Ft(var=abcdef)870 1797
-y(rep='&)46 b(')870 1906 y(echo)h(${var/abc/\\&)d(})870
-2016 y(echo)j("${var/abc/\\&)d(}")870 2125 y(echo)j(${var/abc/"&)d("})
-870 2235 y(echo)j(${var/abc/"$rep"})630 2363 y Fu(will)34
+Ft(")p Fu(,)g(while)870 2030 y Ft(var=abcdef)870 2140
+y(rep='&)46 b(')870 2250 y(echo)h(${var/abc/\\&)d(})870
+2359 y(echo)j("${var/abc/\\&)d(}")870 2469 y(echo)j(${var/abc/"&)d("})
+870 2578 y(echo)j(${var/abc/"$rep"})630 2765 y Fu(will)34
b(displa)m(y)g(four)g(lines)g(of)g Ft(")p Fu(&)f(def)p
Ft(")p Fu(.)51 b(Lik)m(e)35 b(the)f(pattern)g(remo)m(v)-5
-b(al)35 b(op)s(erators,)g(double)630 2472 y(quotes)23
+b(al)35 b(op)s(erators,)g(double)630 2874 y(quotes)23
b(surrounding)c(the)k(replacemen)m(t)g(string)f(quote)h(the)f(expanded)
-f(c)m(haracters,)26 b(while)630 2582 y(double)43 b(quotes)i(enclosing)f
+f(c)m(haracters,)26 b(while)630 2984 y(double)43 b(quotes)i(enclosing)f
(the)g(en)m(tire)h(parameter)f(substitution)f(do)h(not,)k(since)c(the)
-630 2692 y(expansion)e(is)h(p)s(erformed)e(in)h(a)h(con)m(text)h(that)f
+630 3093 y(expansion)e(is)h(p)s(erformed)e(in)h(a)h(con)m(text)h(that)f
(do)s(esn't)f(tak)m(e)i(an)m(y)f(enclosing)g(double)630
-2801 y(quotes)31 b(in)m(to)g(accoun)m(t.)630 2929 y(Since)24
+3203 y(quotes)31 b(in)m(to)g(accoun)m(t.)630 3389 y(Since)24
b(bac)m(kslash)i(can)e(escap)s(e)h(`)p Ft(&)p Fu(',)h(it)f(can)g(also)h
(escap)s(e)f(a)f(bac)m(kslash)i(in)e(the)g(replacemen)m(t)630
-3039 y(string.)39 b(This)26 b(means)g(that)h(`)p Ft(\\\\)p
+3499 y(string.)39 b(This)26 b(means)g(that)h(`)p Ft(\\\\)p
Fu(')g(will)f(insert)h(a)f(literal)i(bac)m(kslash)f(in)m(to)h(the)e
-(replacemen)m(t,)630 3148 y(so)31 b(these)f(t)m(w)m(o)i
-Ft(echo)d Fu(commands)870 3276 y Ft(var=abcdef)870 3386
-y(rep='\\\\&xyz')870 3495 y(echo)47 b(${var/abc/\\\\&xyz})870
-3605 y(echo)g(${var/abc/$rep})630 3733 y Fu(will)31 b(b)s(oth)e(output)
-h(`)p Ft(\\abcxyzdef)p Fu('.)630 3861 y(It)g(should)g(rarely)g(b)s(e)g
+(replacemen)m(t,)630 3608 y(so)31 b(these)f(t)m(w)m(o)i
+Ft(echo)d Fu(commands)870 3795 y Ft(var=abcdef)870 3904
+y(rep='\\\\&xyz')870 4014 y(echo)47 b(${var/abc/\\\\&xyz})870
+4124 y(echo)g(${var/abc/$rep})630 4310 y Fu(will)31 b(b)s(oth)e(output)
+h(`)p Ft(\\abcxyzdef)p Fu('.)630 4496 y(It)g(should)g(rarely)g(b)s(e)g
(necessary)h(to)g(enclose)h(only)e Fr(string)38 b Fu(in)30
-b(double)g(quotes.)630 3988 y(If)j(the)h Ft(nocasematch)d
+b(double)g(quotes.)630 4682 y(If)j(the)h Ft(nocasematch)d
Fu(shell)i(option)h(\(see)h(the)f(description)f(of)h
-Ft(shopt)e Fu(in)i(Section)g(4.3.2)630 4098 y([The)23
+Ft(shopt)e Fu(in)i(Section)g(4.3.2)630 4792 y([The)23
b(Shopt)g(Builtin],)j(page)e(71\))h(is)e(enabled,)i(the)f(matc)m(h)g
-(is)g(p)s(erformed)e(without)h(regard)630 4208 y(to)31
+(is)g(p)s(erformed)e(without)h(regard)630 4902 y(to)31
b(the)f(case)h(of)g(alphab)s(etic)f(c)m(haracters.)42
b(If)30 b Fr(parameter)37 b Fu(is)30 b(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')g(or)g(`)p
-Ft(*)p Fu(',)h(the)f(substitution)630 4317 y(op)s(eration)g(is)f
+Ft(*)p Fu(',)h(the)f(substitution)630 5011 y(op)s(eration)g(is)f
(applied)g(to)h(eac)m(h)g(p)s(ositional)g(parameter)g(in)e(turn,)h(and)
-g(the)g(expansion)g(is)630 4427 y(the)i(resultan)m(t)h(list.)45
+g(the)g(expansion)g(is)630 5121 y(the)i(resultan)m(t)h(list.)45
b(If)30 b Fr(parameter)39 b Fu(is)31 b(an)g(arra)m(y)h(v)-5
b(ariable)32 b(subscripted)e(with)h(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')g(or)h(`)p
-Ft(*)p Fu(',)630 4536 y(the)e(substitution)g(op)s(eration)h(is)f
+Ft(*)p Fu(',)630 5230 y(the)e(substitution)g(op)s(eration)h(is)f
(applied)g(to)h(eac)m(h)h(mem)m(b)s(er)e(of)g(the)g(arra)m(y)h(in)f
-(turn,)g(and)630 4646 y(the)h(expansion)f(is)g(the)h(resultan)m(t)g
-(list.)150 4792 y Ft(${)p Fj(parameter)p Ft(^)p Fj(pattern)p
-Ft(})150 4902 y(${)p Fj(parameter)p Ft(^^)p Fj(pattern)p
-Ft(})150 5011 y(${)p Fj(parameter)p Ft(,)p Fj(pattern)p
-Ft(})150 5121 y(${)p Fj(parameter)p Ft(,,)p Fj(pattern)p
-Ft(})630 5230 y Fu(This)36 b(expansion)g(mo)s(di\014es)g(the)g(case)i
-(of)f(alphab)s(etic)g(c)m(haracters)h(in)e Fr(parameter)p
-Fu(.)59 b(The)630 5340 y Fr(pattern)33 b Fu(is)g(expanded)e(to)j(pro)s
-(duce)d(a)j(pattern)e(just)g(as)h(in)g(\014lename)g(expansion.)47
-b(Eac)m(h)p eop end
+(turn,)g(and)630 5340 y(the)h(expansion)f(is)g(the)h(resultan)m(t)g
+(list.)p eop end
%%Page: 33 39
TeXDict begin 33 38 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
-b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(33)630 299
-y(c)m(haracter)32 b(in)e(the)g(expanded)f(v)-5 b(alue)31
-b(of)f Fr(parameter)37 b Fu(is)30 b(tested)h(against)h
-Fr(pattern)p Fu(,)e(and,)g(if)630 408 y(it)j(matc)m(hes)h(the)g
+b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(33)150 299
+y Ft(${)p Fj(parameter)p Ft(^)p Fj(pattern)p Ft(})150
+408 y(${)p Fj(parameter)p Ft(^^)p Fj(pattern)p Ft(})150
+518 y(${)p Fj(parameter)p Ft(,)p Fj(pattern)p Ft(})150
+628 y(${)p Fj(parameter)p Ft(,,)p Fj(pattern)p Ft(})630
+737 y Fu(This)36 b(expansion)g(mo)s(di\014es)g(the)g(case)i(of)f
+(alphab)s(etic)g(c)m(haracters)h(in)e Fr(parameter)p
+Fu(.)59 b(The)630 847 y Fr(pattern)33 b Fu(is)g(expanded)e(to)j(pro)s
+(duce)d(a)j(pattern)e(just)g(as)h(in)g(\014lename)g(expansion.)47
+b(Eac)m(h)630 956 y(c)m(haracter)32 b(in)e(the)g(expanded)f(v)-5
+b(alue)31 b(of)f Fr(parameter)37 b Fu(is)30 b(tested)h(against)h
+Fr(pattern)p Fu(,)e(and,)g(if)630 1066 y(it)j(matc)m(hes)h(the)g
(pattern,)f(its)h(case)g(is)f(con)m(v)m(erted.)49 b(The)33
-b(pattern)g(should)f(not)h(attempt)630 518 y(to)e(matc)m(h)g(more)g
-(than)f(one)h(c)m(haracter.)630 650 y(The)f(`)p Ft(^)p
+b(pattern)g(should)f(not)h(attempt)630 1176 y(to)e(matc)m(h)g(more)g
+(than)f(one)h(c)m(haracter.)630 1313 y(The)f(`)p Ft(^)p
Fu(')g(op)s(erator)g(con)m(v)m(erts)i(lo)m(w)m(ercase)g(letters)g(matc)
m(hing)f Fr(pattern)f Fu(to)h(upp)s(ercase;)f(the)630
-760 y(`)p Ft(,)p Fu(')25 b(op)s(erator)f(con)m(v)m(erts)i(matc)m(hing)g
-(upp)s(ercase)d(letters)j(to)f(lo)m(w)m(ercase.)41 b(The)24
-b(`)p Ft(^^)p Fu(')g(and)g(`)p Ft(,,)p Fu(')630 870 y(expansions)31
-b(con)m(v)m(ert)i(eac)m(h)g(matc)m(hed)f(c)m(haracter)h(in)e(the)h
-(expanded)f(v)-5 b(alue;)32 b(the)g(`)p Ft(^)p Fu(')g(and)630
-979 y(`)p Ft(,)p Fu(')24 b(expansions)f(matc)m(h)i(and)e(con)m(v)m(ert)
-j(only)d(the)h(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)j(in)d(the)h(expanded)f(v)-5
-b(alue.)630 1089 y(If)30 b Fr(pattern)g Fu(is)h(omitted,)g(it)g(is)g
-(treated)g(lik)m(e)h(a)f(`)p Ft(?)p Fu(',)f(whic)m(h)g(matc)m(hes)i(ev)
-m(ery)f(c)m(haracter.)630 1221 y(If)23 b Fr(parameter)31
-b Fu(is)24 b(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')g(or)g(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(',)h(the)f(case)h(mo)
-s(di\014cation)f(op)s(eration)g(is)g(applied)g(to)g(eac)m(h)h(p)s(osi-)
-630 1331 y(tional)h(parameter)e(in)h(turn,)f(and)g(the)h(expansion)f
-(is)g(the)h(resultan)m(t)g(list.)40 b(If)23 b Fr(parameter)32
-b Fu(is)630 1440 y(an)e(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31
+1422 y(`)p Ft(,)p Fu(')25 b(op)s(erator)f(con)m(v)m(erts)i(matc)m(hing)
+g(upp)s(ercase)d(letters)j(to)f(lo)m(w)m(ercase.)41 b(The)24
+b(`)p Ft(^^)p Fu(')g(and)g(`)p Ft(,,)p Fu(')630 1532
+y(expansions)31 b(con)m(v)m(ert)i(eac)m(h)g(matc)m(hed)f(c)m(haracter)h
+(in)e(the)h(expanded)f(v)-5 b(alue;)32 b(the)g(`)p Ft(^)p
+Fu(')g(and)630 1641 y(`)p Ft(,)p Fu(')24 b(expansions)f(matc)m(h)i(and)
+e(con)m(v)m(ert)j(only)d(the)h(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)j(in)d(the)h
+(expanded)f(v)-5 b(alue.)630 1751 y(If)30 b Fr(pattern)g
+Fu(is)h(omitted,)g(it)g(is)g(treated)g(lik)m(e)h(a)f(`)p
+Ft(?)p Fu(',)f(whic)m(h)g(matc)m(hes)i(ev)m(ery)f(c)m(haracter.)630
+1888 y(If)23 b Fr(parameter)31 b Fu(is)24 b(`)p Ft(@)p
+Fu(')g(or)g(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(',)h(the)f(case)h(mo)s(di\014cation)f(op)s
+(eration)g(is)g(applied)g(to)g(eac)m(h)h(p)s(osi-)630
+1998 y(tional)h(parameter)e(in)h(turn,)f(and)g(the)h(expansion)f(is)g
+(the)h(resultan)m(t)g(list.)40 b(If)23 b Fr(parameter)32
+b Fu(is)630 2107 y(an)e(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(subscripted)d(with)i(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')g(or)f(`)p Ft(*)p
Fu(',)i(the)f(case)g(mo)s(di\014cation)h(op)s(eration)f(is)630
-1550 y(applied)d(to)g(eac)m(h)h(mem)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(the)g(arra)m(y)g
+2217 y(applied)d(to)g(eac)m(h)h(mem)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(the)g(arra)m(y)g
(in)g(turn,)g(and)f(the)h(expansion)f(is)h(the)g(resultan)m(t)630
-1660 y(list.)150 1815 y Ft(${)p Fj(parameter)p Ft(@)p
-Fj(operator)p Ft(})630 1924 y Fu(The)h(expansion)h(is)f(either)h(a)g
+2326 y(list.)150 2491 y Ft(${)p Fj(parameter)p Ft(@)p
+Fj(operator)p Ft(})630 2600 y Fu(The)h(expansion)h(is)f(either)h(a)g
(transformation)g(of)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(of)g Fr(parameter)35
-b Fu(or)29 b(informa-)630 2034 y(tion)e(ab)s(out)f Fr(parameter)33
+b Fu(or)29 b(informa-)630 2710 y(tion)e(ab)s(out)f Fr(parameter)33
b Fu(itself,)28 b(dep)s(ending)c(on)i(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)26
b(of)h Fr(op)s(erator)p Fu(.)39 b(Eac)m(h)27 b Fr(op)s(erator)630
-2144 y Fu(is)j(a)h(single)g(letter:)630 2299 y Ft(U)432
+2819 y Fu(is)j(a)h(single)g(letter:)630 2984 y Ft(U)432
b Fu(The)31 b(expansion)g(is)g(a)g(string)h(that)f(is)h(the)f(v)-5
b(alue)32 b(of)f Fr(parameter)38 b Fu(with)31 b(lo)m(w-)1110
-2408 y(ercase)g(alphab)s(etic)g(c)m(haracters)h(con)m(v)m(erted)g(to)f
-(upp)s(ercase.)630 2564 y Ft(u)432 b Fu(The)34 b(expansion)g(is)g(a)h
+3093 y(ercase)g(alphab)s(etic)g(c)m(haracters)h(con)m(v)m(erted)g(to)f
+(upp)s(ercase.)630 3258 y Ft(u)432 b Fu(The)34 b(expansion)g(is)g(a)h
(string)f(that)h(is)g(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(of)f Fr(parameter)42
-b Fu(with)34 b(the)1110 2673 y(\014rst)c(c)m(haracter)i(con)m(v)m
+b Fu(with)34 b(the)1110 3367 y(\014rst)c(c)m(haracter)i(con)m(v)m
(erted)f(to)h(upp)s(ercase,)d(if)i(it)g(is)f(alphab)s(etic.)630
-2829 y Ft(L)432 b Fu(The)33 b(expansion)h(is)g(a)g(string)g(that)h(is)f
+3532 y Ft(L)432 b Fu(The)33 b(expansion)h(is)g(a)g(string)g(that)h(is)f
(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)34 b(of)g Fr(parameter)41 b Fu(with)34
-b(up-)1110 2938 y(p)s(ercase)c(alphab)s(etic)h(c)m(haracters)h(con)m(v)
-m(erted)g(to)f(lo)m(w)m(ercase.)630 3093 y Ft(Q)432 b
+b(up-)1110 3641 y(p)s(ercase)c(alphab)s(etic)h(c)m(haracters)h(con)m(v)
+m(erted)g(to)f(lo)m(w)m(ercase.)630 3806 y Ft(Q)432 b
Fu(The)30 b(expansion)h(is)g(a)g(string)f(that)i(is)f(the)g(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(of)g Fr(parameter)37 b Fu(quoted)31 b(in)1110
-3203 y(a)g(format)f(that)h(can)g(b)s(e)f(reused)f(as)i(input.)630
-3358 y Ft(E)432 b Fu(The)27 b(expansion)g(is)g(a)g(string)h(that)f(is)h
+3915 y(a)g(format)f(that)h(can)g(b)s(e)f(reused)f(as)i(input.)630
+4080 y Ft(E)432 b Fu(The)27 b(expansion)g(is)g(a)g(string)h(that)f(is)h
(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)28 b(of)f Fr(parameter)34 b Fu(with)27
-b(bac)m(k-)1110 3468 y(slash)e(escap)s(e)h(sequences)f(expanded)g(as)g
+b(bac)m(k-)1110 4189 y(slash)e(escap)s(e)h(sequences)f(expanded)g(as)g
(with)g(the)h Ft($'...)o(')e Fu(quoting)i(mec)m(h-)1110
-3577 y(anism.)630 3733 y Ft(P)432 b Fu(The)22 b(expansion)h(is)g(a)g
+4299 y(anism.)630 4463 y Ft(P)432 b Fu(The)22 b(expansion)h(is)g(a)g
(string)g(that)g(is)g(the)g(result)g(of)g(expanding)f(the)h(v)-5
-b(alue)24 b(of)1110 3842 y Fr(parameter)31 b Fu(as)24
+b(alue)24 b(of)1110 4573 y Fr(parameter)31 b Fu(as)24
b(if)f(it)h(w)m(ere)g(a)g(prompt)f(string)h(\(see)g(Section)h(6.9)g
-([Con)m(trolling)1110 3952 y(the)31 b(Prompt],)f(page)h(104\).)630
-4107 y Ft(A)432 b Fu(The)24 b(expansion)g(is)g(a)h(string)f(in)g(the)g
+([Con)m(trolling)1110 4682 y(the)31 b(Prompt],)f(page)h(105\).)630
+4847 y Ft(A)432 b Fu(The)24 b(expansion)g(is)g(a)h(string)f(in)g(the)g
(form)g(of)h(an)f(assignmen)m(t)h(statemen)m(t)h(or)1110
-4217 y Ft(declare)h Fu(command)i(that,)h(if)f(ev)-5 b(aluated,)31
-b(will)e(recreate)i Fr(parameter)36 b Fu(with)1110 4326
-y(its)31 b(attributes)g(and)e(v)-5 b(alue.)630 4482 y
+4956 y Ft(declare)h Fu(command)i(that,)h(if)f(ev)-5 b(aluated,)31
+b(will)e(recreate)i Fr(parameter)36 b Fu(with)1110 5066
+y(its)31 b(attributes)g(and)e(v)-5 b(alue.)630 5230 y
Ft(K)432 b Fu(Pro)s(duces)33 b(a)i(p)s(ossibly-quoted)e(v)m(ersion)i
(of)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)34 b(of)h Fr(parameter)p Fu(,)g(ex-)1110
-4591 y(cept)46 b(that)h(it)f(prin)m(ts)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alues)47
-b(of)f(indexed)f(and)g(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)k(arra)m(ys)1110
-4701 y(as)37 b(a)g(sequence)f(of)h(quoted)g(k)m(ey-v)-5
-b(alue)38 b(pairs)e(\(see)h(Section)h(6.7)f([Arra)m(ys],)1110
-4810 y(page)31 b(100\).)630 4966 y Ft(a)432 b Fu(The)30
-b(expansion)g(is)g(a)h(string)f(consisting)h(of)g(\015ag)g(v)-5
-b(alues)30 b(represen)m(ting)h Fr(pa-)1110 5075 y(rameter)7
-b Fu('s)31 b(attributes.)630 5230 y Ft(k)432 b Fu(Lik)m(e)29
-b(the)g(`)p Ft(K)p Fu(')g(transformation,)g(but)f(expands)g(the)g(k)m
-(eys)i(and)d(v)-5 b(alues)29 b(of)g(in-)1110 5340 y(dexed)c(and)f(asso)
-s(ciativ)m(e)k(arra)m(ys)d(to)h(separate)f(w)m(ords)g(after)g(w)m(ord)g
-(splitting.)p eop end
+5340 y(cept)46 b(that)h(it)f(prin)m(ts)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alues)47
+b(of)f(indexed)f(and)g(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)k(arra)m(ys)p
+eop end
%%Page: 34 40
TeXDict begin 34 39 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
-b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(34)630 299
-y(If)29 b Fr(parameter)37 b Fu(is)30 b(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')g(or)g(`)p
-Ft(*)p Fu(',)g(the)g(op)s(eration)g(is)g(applied)f(to)i(eac)m(h)g(p)s
-(ositional)f(parameter)630 408 y(in)24 b(turn,)g(and)f(the)h(expansion)
-g(is)g(the)g(resultan)m(t)h(list.)39 b(If)23 b Fr(parameter)31
-b Fu(is)24 b(an)g(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)630 518 y(subscripted)24
-b(with)h(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')h(or)g(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(',)h(the)e(op)s(eration)h
-(is)g(applied)f(to)h(eac)m(h)h(mem)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(the)f(arra)m(y)630
-628 y(in)30 b(turn,)g(and)f(the)i(expansion)f(is)h(the)f(resultan)m(t)h
-(list.)630 761 y(The)c(result)h(of)g(the)f(expansion)h(is)g(sub)5
+b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(34)1110 299
+y(as)37 b(a)g(sequence)f(of)h(quoted)g(k)m(ey-v)-5 b(alue)38
+b(pairs)e(\(see)h(Section)h(6.7)f([Arra)m(ys],)1110 408
+y(page)31 b(101\).)630 576 y Ft(a)432 b Fu(The)30 b(expansion)g(is)g(a)
+h(string)f(consisting)h(of)g(\015ag)g(v)-5 b(alues)30
+b(represen)m(ting)h Fr(pa-)1110 685 y(rameter)7 b Fu('s)31
+b(attributes.)630 853 y Ft(k)432 b Fu(Lik)m(e)29 b(the)g(`)p
+Ft(K)p Fu(')g(transformation,)g(but)f(expands)g(the)g(k)m(eys)i(and)d
+(v)-5 b(alues)29 b(of)g(in-)1110 962 y(dexed)c(and)f(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)
+k(arra)m(ys)d(to)h(separate)f(w)m(ords)g(after)g(w)m(ord)g(splitting.)
+630 1130 y(If)k Fr(parameter)37 b Fu(is)30 b(`)p Ft(@)p
+Fu(')g(or)g(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(',)g(the)g(op)s(eration)g(is)g(applied)f(to)i
+(eac)m(h)g(p)s(ositional)f(parameter)630 1239 y(in)24
+b(turn,)g(and)f(the)h(expansion)g(is)g(the)g(resultan)m(t)h(list.)39
+b(If)23 b Fr(parameter)31 b Fu(is)24 b(an)g(arra)m(y)g(v)-5
+b(ariable)630 1349 y(subscripted)24 b(with)h(`)p Ft(@)p
+Fu(')h(or)g(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(',)h(the)e(op)s(eration)h(is)g(applied)f(to)h
+(eac)m(h)h(mem)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(the)f(arra)m(y)630 1458
+y(in)30 b(turn,)g(and)f(the)i(expansion)f(is)h(the)f(resultan)m(t)h
+(list.)630 1597 y(The)c(result)h(of)g(the)f(expansion)h(is)g(sub)5
b(ject)27 b(to)h(w)m(ord)g(splitting)g(and)f(\014lename)h(expansion)630
-870 y(as)j(describ)s(ed)e(b)s(elo)m(w.)150 1067 y Fk(3.5.4)63
-b(Command)41 b(Substitution)150 1214 y Fu(Command)f(substitution)h
+1706 y(as)j(describ)s(ed)e(b)s(elo)m(w.)150 1914 y Fk(3.5.4)63
+b(Command)41 b(Substitution)150 2060 y Fu(Command)f(substitution)h
(allo)m(ws)i(the)e(output)g(of)h(a)f(command)g(to)h(replace)g(the)g
-(command)f(itself.)150 1324 y(Command)29 b(substitution)h(o)s(ccurs)h
+(command)f(itself.)150 2170 y(Command)29 b(substitution)h(o)s(ccurs)h
(when)e(a)i(command)f(is)g(enclosed)h(as)g(follo)m(ws:)390
-1457 y Ft($\()p Fj(command)p Ft(\))150 1590 y Fu(or)390
-1724 y Ft(`)p Fj(command)p Ft(`)150 1857 y Fu(Bash)20
+2312 y Ft($\()p Fj(command)p Ft(\))150 2455 y Fu(or)390
+2597 y Ft(`)p Fj(command)p Ft(`)150 2740 y Fu(Bash)20
b(p)s(erforms)f(the)i(expansion)f(b)m(y)g(executing)i
Fr(command)h Fu(in)d(a)h(subshell)e(en)m(vironmen)m(t)i(and)f
-(replacing)150 1966 y(the)40 b(command)g(substitution)f(with)h(the)g
+(replacing)150 2849 y(the)40 b(command)g(substitution)f(with)h(the)g
(standard)f(output)g(of)h(the)g(command,)i(with)e(an)m(y)g(trailing)150
-2076 y(newlines)e(deleted.)64 b(Em)m(b)s(edded)37 b(newlines)h(are)g
+2959 y(newlines)e(deleted.)64 b(Em)m(b)s(edded)37 b(newlines)h(are)g
(not)g(deleted,)j(but)d(they)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(remo)m(v)m(ed)i(during)
-150 2186 y(w)m(ord)30 b(splitting.)42 b(The)30 b(command)g
+150 3068 y(w)m(ord)30 b(splitting.)42 b(The)30 b(command)g
(substitution)h Ft($\(cat)e Fj(file)p Ft(\))g Fu(can)h(b)s(e)g
-(replaced)h(b)m(y)g(the)f(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)150 2295
+(replaced)h(b)m(y)g(the)f(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)150 3178
y(but)30 b(faster)g Ft($\(<)g Fj(file)p Ft(\))p Fu(.)275
-2428 y(When)j(the)i(old-st)m(yle)h(bac)m(kquote)f(form)f(of)g
+3320 y(When)j(the)i(old-st)m(yle)h(bac)m(kquote)f(form)f(of)g
(substitution)g(is)g(used,)h(bac)m(kslash)f(retains)h(its)f(literal)150
-2538 y(meaning)k(except)h(when)e(follo)m(w)m(ed)j(b)m(y)e(`)p
+3430 y(meaning)k(except)h(when)e(follo)m(w)m(ed)j(b)m(y)e(`)p
Ft($)p Fu(',)j(`)p Ft(`)p Fu(',)f(or)e(`)p Ft(\\)p Fu('.)64
b(The)38 b(\014rst)f(bac)m(kquote)j(not)e(preceded)g(b)m(y)g(a)150
-2648 y(bac)m(kslash)k(terminates)f(the)h(command)e(substitution.)72
+3540 y(bac)m(kslash)k(terminates)f(the)h(command)e(substitution.)72
b(When)41 b(using)f(the)i Ft($\()p Fj(command)p Ft(\))c
-Fu(form,)43 b(all)150 2757 y(c)m(haracters)32 b(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)f(the)
+Fu(form,)43 b(all)150 3649 y(c)m(haracters)32 b(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)f(the)
f(paren)m(theses)h(mak)m(e)g(up)f(the)g(command;)h(none)f(are)h
-(treated)g(sp)s(ecially)-8 b(.)275 2890 y(Command)22
+(treated)g(sp)s(ecially)-8 b(.)275 3792 y(Command)22
b(substitutions)g(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(nested.)39 b(T)-8
b(o)23 b(nest)g(when)f(using)h(the)g(bac)m(kquoted)h(form,)g(escap)s(e)
-150 3000 y(the)31 b(inner)e(bac)m(kquotes)j(with)e(bac)m(kslashes.)275
-3133 y(If)e(the)i(substitution)e(app)s(ears)h(within)g(double)f
+150 3901 y(the)31 b(inner)e(bac)m(kquotes)j(with)e(bac)m(kslashes.)275
+4044 y(If)e(the)i(substitution)e(app)s(ears)h(within)g(double)f
(quotes,)i(w)m(ord)f(splitting)h(and)f(\014lename)g(expansion)150
-3243 y(are)i(not)f(p)s(erformed)f(on)h(the)h(results.)150
-3440 y Fk(3.5.5)63 b(Arithmetic)40 b(Expansion)150 3587
+4153 y(are)i(not)f(p)s(erformed)f(on)h(the)h(results.)150
+4360 y Fk(3.5.5)63 b(Arithmetic)40 b(Expansion)150 4507
y Fu(Arithmetic)25 b(expansion)g(allo)m(ws)g(the)g(ev)-5
b(aluation)26 b(of)f(an)f(arithmetic)i(expression)e(and)g(the)g
-(substitution)150 3696 y(of)31 b(the)f(result.)41 b(The)30
-b(format)g(for)g(arithmetic)i(expansion)e(is:)390 3829
-y Ft($\(\()47 b Fj(expression)e Ft(\)\))275 3963 y Fu(The)34
+(substitution)150 4617 y(of)31 b(the)f(result.)41 b(The)30
+b(format)g(for)g(arithmetic)i(expansion)e(is:)390 4759
+y Ft($\(\()47 b Fj(expression)e Ft(\)\))275 4902 y Fu(The)34
b Fr(expression)h Fu(undergo)s(es)f(the)h(same)h(expansions)e(as)i(if)f
-(it)g(w)m(ere)h(within)e(double)h(quotes,)i(but)150 4072
+(it)g(w)m(ere)h(within)e(double)h(quotes,)i(but)150 5011
y(double)g(quote)g(c)m(haracters)i(in)d Fr(expression)h
Fu(are)g(not)g(treated)h(sp)s(ecially)g(and)f(are)g(remo)m(v)m(ed.)61
-b(All)38 b(to-)150 4182 y(k)m(ens)c(in)f(the)h(expression)f(undergo)g
+b(All)38 b(to-)150 5121 y(k)m(ens)c(in)f(the)h(expression)f(undergo)g
(parameter)h(and)f(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(expansion,)h(command)e
-(substitution,)150 4291 y(and)41 b(quote)i(remo)m(v)-5
+(substitution,)150 5230 y(and)41 b(quote)i(remo)m(v)-5
b(al.)76 b(The)41 b(result)h(is)g(treated)h(as)f(the)g(arithmetic)h
-(expression)f(to)g(b)s(e)f(ev)-5 b(aluated.)150 4401
-y(Arithmetic)31 b(expansions)f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(nested.)275
-4534 y(The)k(ev)-5 b(aluation)37 b(is)f(p)s(erformed)e(according)i(to)g
-(the)g(rules)f(listed)h(b)s(elo)m(w)g(\(see)g(Section)g(6.5)h([Shell)
-150 4644 y(Arithmetic],)32 b(page)f(98\).)42 b(If)30
-b(the)h(expression)f(is)g(in)m(v)-5 b(alid,)32 b(Bash)e(prin)m(ts)g(a)h
-(message)g(indicating)h(failure)150 4753 y(to)f(the)g(standard)e(error)
-h(and)g(no)g(substitution)g(o)s(ccurs.)150 4950 y Fk(3.5.6)63
-b(Pro)s(cess)42 b(Substitution)150 5097 y Fu(Pro)s(cess)33
-b(substitution)g(allo)m(ws)i(a)e(pro)s(cess's)g(input)f(or)h(output)g
-(to)h(b)s(e)f(referred)f(to)i(using)f(a)g(\014lename.)150
-5207 y(It)d(tak)m(es)i(the)f(form)f(of)390 5340 y Ft(<\()p
-Fj(list)p Ft(\))p eop end
+(expression)f(to)g(b)s(e)f(ev)-5 b(aluated.)150 5340
+y(Arithmetic)31 b(expansions)f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(nested.)p
+eop end
%%Page: 35 41
TeXDict begin 35 40 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
-b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(35)150 299
-y(or)390 426 y Ft(>\()p Fj(list)p Ft(\))150 553 y Fu(The)28
-b(pro)s(cess)h Fr(list)j Fu(is)d(run)e(async)m(hronously)-8
-b(,)30 b(and)e(its)i(input)e(or)h(output)f(app)s(ears)h(as)g(a)g
-(\014lename.)41 b(This)150 663 y(\014lename)25 b(is)g(passed)g(as)g(an)
-g(argumen)m(t)h(to)g(the)f(curren)m(t)g(command)g(as)g(the)g(result)g
-(of)g(the)h(expansion.)38 b(If)150 772 y(the)28 b Ft(>\()p
-Fj(list)p Ft(\))d Fu(form)i(is)g(used,)h(writing)f(to)h(the)g(\014le)f
-(will)h(pro)m(vide)g(input)e(for)h Fr(list)p Fu(.)41
-b(If)26 b(the)i Ft(<\()p Fj(list)p Ft(\))d Fu(form)150
-882 y(is)g(used,)g(the)f(\014le)h(passed)f(as)h(an)f(argumen)m(t)h
-(should)e(b)s(e)h(read)h(to)g(obtain)g(the)f(output)g(of)h
-Fr(list)p Fu(.)40 b(Note)25 b(that)150 991 y(no)33 b(space)g(ma)m(y)g
-(app)s(ear)f(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)i(the)f Ft(<)f Fu(or)h
-Ft(>)f Fu(and)g(the)h(left)h(paren)m(thesis,)f(otherwise)h(the)f
-(construct)150 1101 y(w)m(ould)j(b)s(e)g(in)m(terpreted)g(as)h(a)f
-(redirection.)59 b(Pro)s(cess)36 b(substitution)g(is)h(supp)s(orted)d
-(on)i(systems)g(that)150 1210 y(supp)s(ort)29 b(named)h(pip)s(es)f(\()p
-Fm(fif)n(o)p Fu(s\))h(or)h(the)f Ft(/dev/fd)f Fu(metho)s(d)h(of)g
-(naming)g(op)s(en)g(\014les.)275 1337 y(When)36 b(a)m(v)-5
-b(ailable,)40 b(pro)s(cess)c(substitution)h(is)f(p)s(erformed)f(sim)m
-(ultaneously)i(with)g(parameter)g(and)150 1447 y(v)-5
-b(ariable)31 b(expansion,)g(command)f(substitution,)g(and)g(arithmetic)
-i(expansion.)150 1631 y Fk(3.5.7)63 b(W)-10 b(ord)41
-b(Splitting)150 1778 y Fu(The)30 b(shell)h(scans)g(the)g(results)f(of)h
-(parameter)g(expansion,)g(command)g(substitution,)g(and)f(arithmetic)
-150 1888 y(expansion)g(that)h(did)f(not)g(o)s(ccur)h(within)e(double)h
-(quotes)h(for)f(w)m(ord)g(splitting.)275 2015 y(The)e(shell)g(treats)i
+b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(35)275 299
+y(The)34 b(ev)-5 b(aluation)37 b(is)f(p)s(erformed)e(according)i(to)g
+(the)g(rules)f(listed)h(b)s(elo)m(w)g(\(see)g(Section)g(6.5)h([Shell)
+150 408 y(Arithmetic],)32 b(page)f(99\).)42 b(If)30 b(the)h(expression)
+f(is)g(in)m(v)-5 b(alid,)32 b(Bash)e(prin)m(ts)g(a)h(message)g
+(indicating)h(failure)150 518 y(to)f(the)g(standard)e(error)h(and)g(no)
+g(substitution)g(o)s(ccurs.)150 721 y Fk(3.5.6)63 b(Pro)s(cess)42
+b(Substitution)150 868 y Fu(Pro)s(cess)33 b(substitution)g(allo)m(ws)i
+(a)e(pro)s(cess's)g(input)f(or)h(output)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(referred)f(to)i
+(using)f(a)g(\014lename.)150 978 y(It)d(tak)m(es)i(the)f(form)f(of)390
+1116 y Ft(<\()p Fj(list)p Ft(\))150 1254 y Fu(or)390
+1392 y Ft(>\()p Fj(list)p Ft(\))150 1531 y Fu(The)e(pro)s(cess)h
+Fr(list)j Fu(is)d(run)e(async)m(hronously)-8 b(,)30 b(and)e(its)i
+(input)e(or)h(output)f(app)s(ears)h(as)g(a)g(\014lename.)41
+b(This)150 1640 y(\014lename)25 b(is)g(passed)g(as)g(an)g(argumen)m(t)h
+(to)g(the)f(curren)m(t)g(command)g(as)g(the)g(result)g(of)g(the)h
+(expansion.)38 b(If)150 1750 y(the)28 b Ft(>\()p Fj(list)p
+Ft(\))d Fu(form)i(is)g(used,)h(writing)f(to)h(the)g(\014le)f(will)h
+(pro)m(vide)g(input)e(for)h Fr(list)p Fu(.)41 b(If)26
+b(the)i Ft(<\()p Fj(list)p Ft(\))d Fu(form)150 1859 y(is)g(used,)g(the)
+f(\014le)h(passed)f(as)h(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(should)e(b)s(e)h(read)h(to)
+g(obtain)g(the)f(output)g(of)h Fr(list)p Fu(.)40 b(Note)25
+b(that)150 1969 y(no)33 b(space)g(ma)m(y)g(app)s(ear)f(b)s(et)m(w)m
+(een)i(the)f Ft(<)f Fu(or)h Ft(>)f Fu(and)g(the)h(left)h(paren)m
+(thesis,)f(otherwise)h(the)f(construct)150 2078 y(w)m(ould)j(b)s(e)g
+(in)m(terpreted)g(as)h(a)f(redirection.)59 b(Pro)s(cess)36
+b(substitution)g(is)h(supp)s(orted)d(on)i(systems)g(that)150
+2188 y(supp)s(ort)29 b(named)h(pip)s(es)f(\()p Fm(fif)n(o)p
+Fu(s\))h(or)h(the)f Ft(/dev/fd)f Fu(metho)s(d)h(of)g(naming)g(op)s(en)g
+(\014les.)275 2326 y(When)36 b(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable,)40
+b(pro)s(cess)c(substitution)h(is)f(p)s(erformed)f(sim)m(ultaneously)i
+(with)g(parameter)g(and)150 2436 y(v)-5 b(ariable)31
+b(expansion,)g(command)f(substitution,)g(and)g(arithmetic)i(expansion.)
+150 2639 y Fk(3.5.7)63 b(W)-10 b(ord)41 b(Splitting)150
+2786 y Fu(The)30 b(shell)h(scans)g(the)g(results)f(of)h(parameter)g
+(expansion,)g(command)g(substitution,)g(and)f(arithmetic)150
+2895 y(expansion)g(that)h(did)f(not)g(o)s(ccur)h(within)e(double)h
+(quotes)h(for)f(w)m(ord)g(splitting.)275 3034 y(The)e(shell)g(treats)i
(eac)m(h)g(c)m(haracter)g(of)f Ft($IFS)e Fu(as)i(a)g(delimiter,)h(and)e
-(splits)g(the)h(results)f(of)h(the)g(other)150 2125 y(expansions)22
-b(in)m(to)i(w)m(ords)e(using)h(these)g(c)m(haracters)h(as)f(\014eld)f
-(terminators.)39 b(If)22 b Ft(IFS)g Fu(is)h(unset,)h(or)e(its)h(v)-5
-b(alue)150 2234 y(is)36 b(exactly)j Ft(<space><tab><newline>)p
-Fu(,)32 b(the)37 b(default,)h(then)e(sequences)h(of)67
-b Ft(<space>)p Fu(,)36 b Ft(<tab>)p Fu(,)h(and)150 2344
-y Ft(<newline>)28 b Fu(at)k(the)f(b)s(eginning)f(and)h(end)f(of)h(the)g
-(results)g(of)g(the)g(previous)g(expansions)f(are)i(ignored,)150
-2453 y(and)k(an)m(y)h(sequence)h(of)f Ft(IFS)f Fu(c)m(haracters)i(not)f
-(at)h(the)f(b)s(eginning)f(or)h(end)f(serv)m(es)h(to)h(delimit)f(w)m
-(ords.)150 2563 y(If)43 b Ft(IFS)f Fu(has)h(a)h(v)-5
-b(alue)43 b(other)h(than)f(the)g(default,)k(then)c(sequences)h(of)f
-(the)h(whitespace)f(c)m(haracters)150 2672 y Ft(space)p
-Fu(,)29 b Ft(tab)p Fu(,)h(and)g Ft(newline)e Fu(are)j(ignored)g(at)g
-(the)f(b)s(eginning)g(and)g(end)g(of)g(the)h(w)m(ord,)f(as)h(long)g(as)
-g(the)150 2782 y(whitespace)c(c)m(haracter)h(is)f(in)f(the)g(v)-5
-b(alue)27 b(of)g Ft(IFS)e Fu(\(an)i Ft(IFS)e Fu(whitespace)i(c)m
-(haracter\).)42 b(An)m(y)26 b(c)m(haracter)i(in)150 2892
-y Ft(IFS)c Fu(that)h(is)g(not)f Ft(IFS)g Fu(whitespace,)j(along)f(with)
-e(an)m(y)h(adjacen)m(t)h Ft(IFS)e Fu(whitespace)h(c)m(haracters,)i
-(delimits)150 3001 y(a)k(\014eld.)40 b(A)31 b(sequence)g(of)f
-Ft(IFS)g Fu(whitespace)h(c)m(haracters)h(is)e(also)h(treated)h(as)f(a)f
-(delimiter.)42 b(If)30 b(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)150 3111 y(of)31
-b Ft(IFS)e Fu(is)h(n)m(ull,)h(no)f(w)m(ord)g(splitting)h(o)s(ccurs.)275
-3238 y(Explicit)21 b(n)m(ull)g(argumen)m(ts)g(\()p Ft("")g
+(splits)g(the)h(results)f(of)h(the)g(other)150 3143 y(expansions)h(in)m
+(to)h(w)m(ords)f(using)g(these)h(c)m(haracters)h(as)e(\014eld)g
+(terminators.)275 3281 y(If)38 b Ft(IFS)g Fu(is)g(unset,)j(or)e(its)g
+(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(is)g(exactly)h Ft(<space><tab><newline>)p
+Fu(,)c(the)j(default,)i(then)d(se-)150 3391 y(quences)27
+b(of)h Ft(space)p Fu(,)f Ft(tab)p Fu(,)g(and)g Ft(newline)e
+Fu(at)j(the)f(b)s(eginning)g(and)g(end)f(of)i(the)f(results)g(of)h(the)
+f(previous)150 3501 y(expansions)38 b(are)g(ignored,)i(and)d(an)m(y)i
+(sequence)f(of)g Ft(IFS)f Fu(c)m(haracters)j(not)e(at)g(the)g(b)s
+(eginning)g(or)g(end)150 3610 y(serv)m(es)e(to)h(delimit)f(w)m(ords.)56
+b(If)35 b Ft(IFS)g Fu(has)h(a)g(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(other)g(than)f(the)h
+(default,)i(then)d(sequences)h(of)g(the)150 3720 y(whitespace)i(c)m
+(haracters)h Ft(space)p Fu(,)e Ft(tab)p Fu(,)h(and)f
+Ft(newline)e Fu(are)j(ignored)f(at)h(the)f(b)s(eginning)g(and)f(end)h
+(of)150 3829 y(the)h(w)m(ord,)j(as)d(long)h(as)g(the)f(whitespace)h(c)m
+(haracter)h(is)e(in)g(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(of)h Ft(IFS)e
+Fu(\(an)i Ft(IFS)e Fu(whitespace)150 3939 y(c)m(haracter\).)47
+b(An)m(y)32 b(c)m(haracter)i(in)d Ft(IFS)g Fu(that)i(is)f(not)g
+Ft(IFS)f Fu(whitespace,)i(along)g(with)e(an)m(y)i(adjacen)m(t)g
+Ft(IFS)150 4049 y Fu(whitespace)41 b(c)m(haracters,)j(delimits)d(a)g
+(\014eld.)70 b(A)40 b(sequence)h(of)g Ft(IFS)e Fu(whitespace)i(c)m
+(haracters)h(is)e(also)150 4158 y(treated)31 b(as)g(a)g(delimiter.)275
+4296 y(If)22 b(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)23 b(of)f Ft(IFS)g Fu(is)h(n)m(ull,)h
+(no)f(w)m(ord)f(splitting)h(o)s(ccurs.)38 b(If)22 b Ft(IFS)g
+Fu(is)h(unset,)h(w)m(ord)e(splitting)h(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)150
+4406 y(as)31 b(if)f(it)h(con)m(tained)g(the)g(default)g(v)-5
+b(alue)30 b Ft(<space><tab><newline>)p Fu(.)275 4544
+y(Explicit)21 b(n)m(ull)g(argumen)m(ts)g(\()p Ft("")g
Fu(or)g Ft('')p Fu(\))f(are)h(retained)h(and)e(passed)g(to)i(commands)e
-(as)i(empt)m(y)f(strings.)150 3347 y(Unquoted)37 b(implicit)i(n)m(ull)f
+(as)i(empt)m(y)f(strings.)150 4654 y(Unquoted)37 b(implicit)i(n)m(ull)f
(argumen)m(ts,)i(resulting)d(from)g(the)h(expansion)g(of)g(parameters)f
-(that)i(ha)m(v)m(e)150 3457 y(no)32 b(v)-5 b(alues,)33
+(that)i(ha)m(v)m(e)150 4763 y(no)32 b(v)-5 b(alues,)33
b(are)f(remo)m(v)m(ed.)47 b(If)32 b(a)g(parameter)h(with)e(no)h(v)-5
b(alue)33 b(is)f(expanded)f(within)h(double)f(quotes,)j(a)150
-3567 y(n)m(ull)c(argumen)m(t)g(results)g(and)f(is)h(retained)g(and)f
+4873 y(n)m(ull)c(argumen)m(t)g(results)g(and)f(is)h(retained)g(and)f
(passed)g(to)i(a)f(command)g(as)g(an)f(empt)m(y)i(string.)40
-b(When)150 3676 y(a)f(quoted)f(n)m(ull)g(argumen)m(t)h(app)s(ears)e(as)
+b(When)150 4983 y(a)f(quoted)f(n)m(ull)g(argumen)m(t)h(app)s(ears)e(as)
i(part)f(of)g(a)g(w)m(ord)g(whose)g(expansion)g(is)h(non-n)m(ull,)h
-(the)e(n)m(ull)150 3786 y(argumen)m(t)i(is)f(remo)m(v)m(ed.)69
+(the)e(n)m(ull)150 5092 y(argumen)m(t)i(is)f(remo)m(v)m(ed.)69
b(That)39 b(is,)j(the)e(w)m(ord)f Ft(-d'')f Fu(b)s(ecomes)i
Ft(-d)e Fu(after)i(w)m(ord)f(splitting)h(and)f(n)m(ull)150
-3895 y(argumen)m(t)31 b(remo)m(v)-5 b(al.)275 4022 y(Note)31
+5202 y(argumen)m(t)31 b(remo)m(v)-5 b(al.)275 5340 y(Note)31
b(that)g(if)g(no)f(expansion)g(o)s(ccurs,)g(no)h(splitting)g(is)f(p)s
-(erformed.)150 4207 y Fk(3.5.8)63 b(Filename)41 b(Expansion)150
-4354 y Fu(After)30 b(w)m(ord)f(splitting,)i(unless)d(the)i
-Ft(-f)f Fu(option)h(has)f(b)s(een)g(set)h(\(see)g(Section)h(4.3.1)g
-([The)e(Set)h(Builtin],)150 4463 y(page)d(67\),)i(Bash)d(scans)h(eac)m
-(h)h(w)m(ord)e(for)g(the)h(c)m(haracters)g(`)p Ft(*)p
-Fu(',)h(`)p Ft(?)p Fu(',)g(and)e(`)p Ft([)p Fu('.)39
-b(If)26 b(one)h(of)g(these)f(c)m(haracters)150 4573 y(app)s(ears,)34
-b(and)f(is)g(not)h(quoted,)h(then)e(the)h(w)m(ord)f(is)h(regarded)f(as)
-h(a)g Fr(pattern)p Fu(,)h(and)e(replaced)h(with)f(an)150
-4682 y(alphab)s(etically)41 b(sorted)e(list)h(of)g(\014lenames)f(matc)m
-(hing)i(the)e(pattern)g(\(see)i(Section)f(3.5.8.1)i([P)m(attern)150
-4792 y(Matc)m(hing],)e(page)e(36\).)60 b(If)36 b(no)h(matc)m(hing)g
+(erformed.)p eop end
+%%Page: 36 42
+TeXDict begin 36 41 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
+b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(36)150 299
+y Fk(3.5.8)63 b(Filename)41 b(Expansion)150 446 y Fu(After)30
+b(w)m(ord)f(splitting,)i(unless)d(the)i Ft(-f)f Fu(option)h(has)f(b)s
+(een)g(set)h(\(see)g(Section)h(4.3.1)g([The)e(Set)h(Builtin],)150
+555 y(page)d(67\),)i(Bash)d(scans)h(eac)m(h)h(w)m(ord)e(for)g(the)h(c)m
+(haracters)g(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(',)h(`)p Ft(?)p Fu(',)g(and)e(`)p
+Ft([)p Fu('.)39 b(If)26 b(one)h(of)g(these)f(c)m(haracters)150
+665 y(app)s(ears,)34 b(and)f(is)g(not)h(quoted,)h(then)e(the)h(w)m(ord)
+f(is)h(regarded)f(as)h(a)g Fr(pattern)p Fu(,)h(and)e(replaced)h(with)f
+(an)150 775 y(alphab)s(etically)41 b(sorted)e(list)h(of)g(\014lenames)f
+(matc)m(hing)i(the)e(pattern)g(\(see)i(Section)f(3.5.8.1)i([P)m(attern)
+150 884 y(Matc)m(hing],)e(page)e(36\).)60 b(If)36 b(no)h(matc)m(hing)g
(\014lenames)g(are)g(found,)g(and)f(the)g(shell)h(option)g
-Ft(nullglob)150 4902 y Fu(is)k(disabled,)i(the)f(w)m(ord)e(is)h(left)h
+Ft(nullglob)150 994 y Fu(is)k(disabled,)i(the)f(w)m(ord)e(is)h(left)h
(unc)m(hanged.)72 b(If)40 b(the)h Ft(nullglob)e Fu(option)i(is)g(set,)k
-(and)40 b(no)h(matc)m(hes)150 5011 y(are)c(found,)g(the)g(w)m(ord)f(is)
+(and)40 b(no)h(matc)m(hes)150 1103 y(are)c(found,)g(the)g(w)m(ord)f(is)
g(remo)m(v)m(ed.)60 b(If)36 b(the)h Ft(failglob)d Fu(shell)j(option)g
-(is)g(set,)i(and)c(no)i(matc)m(hes)h(are)150 5121 y(found,)e(an)g
+(is)g(set,)i(and)c(no)i(matc)m(hes)h(are)150 1213 y(found,)e(an)g
(error)f(message)i(is)f(prin)m(ted)f(and)h(the)g(command)f(is)h(not)g
-(executed.)58 b(If)35 b(the)h(shell)g(option)150 5230
+(executed.)58 b(If)35 b(the)h(shell)g(option)150 1323
y Ft(nocaseglob)e Fu(is)j(enabled,)i(the)e(matc)m(h)h(is)f(p)s
(erformed)e(without)i(regard)g(to)h(the)f(case)h(of)f(alphab)s(etic)150
-5340 y(c)m(haracters.)p eop end
-%%Page: 36 42
-TeXDict begin 36 41 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
-b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(36)275 299
-y(When)23 b(a)h(pattern)f(is)h(used)f(for)g(\014lename)h(expansion,)h
-(the)e(c)m(haracter)i(`)p Ft(.)p Fu(')f(at)g(the)g(start)g(of)g(a)g
-(\014lename)150 408 y(or)f(immediately)i(follo)m(wing)g(a)f(slash)f(m)m
-(ust)h(b)s(e)f(matc)m(hed)h(explicitly)-8 b(,)27 b(unless)c(the)g
-(shell)h(option)g Ft(dotglob)150 518 y Fu(is)36 b(set.)58
-b(In)35 b(order)g(to)i(matc)m(h)f(the)g(\014lenames)g(`)p
-Ft(.)p Fu(')g(and)g(`)p Ft(..)p Fu(',)h(the)f(pattern)g(m)m(ust)g(b)s
-(egin)f(with)h(`)p Ft(.)p Fu(')g(\(for)150 628 y(example,)42
-b(`)p Ft(.?)p Fu('\),)f(ev)m(en)f(if)f Ft(dotglob)d Fu(is)j(set.)67
+1432 y(c)m(haracters.)275 1575 y(When)23 b(a)h(pattern)f(is)h(used)f
+(for)g(\014lename)h(expansion,)h(the)e(c)m(haracter)i(`)p
+Ft(.)p Fu(')f(at)g(the)g(start)g(of)g(a)g(\014lename)150
+1685 y(or)f(immediately)i(follo)m(wing)g(a)f(slash)f(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)f
+(matc)m(hed)h(explicitly)-8 b(,)27 b(unless)c(the)g(shell)h(option)g
+Ft(dotglob)150 1795 y Fu(is)36 b(set.)58 b(In)35 b(order)g(to)i(matc)m
+(h)f(the)g(\014lenames)g(`)p Ft(.)p Fu(')g(and)g(`)p
+Ft(..)p Fu(',)h(the)f(pattern)g(m)m(ust)g(b)s(egin)f(with)h(`)p
+Ft(.)p Fu(')g(\(for)150 1904 y(example,)42 b(`)p Ft(.?)p
+Fu('\),)f(ev)m(en)f(if)f Ft(dotglob)d Fu(is)j(set.)67
b(If)38 b(the)h Ft(globskipdots)d Fu(shell)j(option)g(is)g(enabled,)i
-(the)150 737 y(\014lenames)33 b(`)p Ft(.)p Fu(')g(and)f(`)p
+(the)150 2014 y(\014lenames)33 b(`)p Ft(.)p Fu(')g(and)f(`)p
Ft(..)p Fu(')h(are)g(nev)m(er)g(matc)m(hed,)h(ev)m(en)g(if)e(the)h
(pattern)g(b)s(egins)f(with)h(a)g(`)p Ft(.)p Fu('.)48
-b(When)33 b(not)150 847 y(matc)m(hing)e(\014lenames,)g(the)g(`)p
+b(When)33 b(not)150 2123 y(matc)m(hing)e(\014lenames,)g(the)g(`)p
Ft(.)p Fu(')f(c)m(haracter)i(is)f(not)f(treated)i(sp)s(ecially)-8
-b(.)275 985 y(When)30 b(matc)m(hing)i(a)f(\014lename,)h(the)f(slash)f
+b(.)275 2267 y(When)30 b(matc)m(hing)i(a)f(\014lename,)h(the)f(slash)f
(c)m(haracter)j(m)m(ust)d(alw)m(a)m(ys)j(b)s(e)d(matc)m(hed)h
-(explicitly)i(b)m(y)e(a)150 1095 y(slash)d(in)f(the)h(pattern,)h(but)e
+(explicitly)i(b)m(y)e(a)150 2376 y(slash)d(in)f(the)h(pattern,)h(but)e
(in)h(other)g(matc)m(hing)h(con)m(texts)h(it)e(can)g(b)s(e)g(matc)m
-(hed)g(b)m(y)g(a)g(sp)s(ecial)h(pattern)150 1205 y(c)m(haracter)j(as)f
+(hed)g(b)m(y)g(a)g(sp)s(ecial)h(pattern)150 2486 y(c)m(haracter)j(as)f
(describ)s(ed)e(b)s(elo)m(w)h(\(see)i(Section)f(3.5.8.1)i([P)m(attern)e
-(Matc)m(hing],)i(page)e(36\).)275 1343 y(See)d(the)g(description)g(of)g
+(Matc)m(hing],)i(page)e(36\).)275 2629 y(See)d(the)g(description)g(of)g
Ft(shopt)e Fu(in)i(Section)g(4.3.2)i([The)e(Shopt)f(Builtin],)i(page)g
-(71,)g(for)f(a)g(descrip-)150 1453 y(tion)j(of)f(the)h
+(71,)g(for)f(a)g(descrip-)150 2739 y(tion)j(of)f(the)h
Ft(nocaseglob)p Fu(,)d Ft(nullglob)p Fu(,)g Ft(globskipdots)p
Fu(,)f Ft(failglob)p Fu(,)i(and)h Ft(dotglob)e Fu(options.)275
-1592 y(The)36 b Ft(GLOBIGNORE)d Fu(shell)k(v)-5 b(ariable)37
+2882 y(The)36 b Ft(GLOBIGNORE)d Fu(shell)k(v)-5 b(ariable)37
b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)h(restrict)g(the)g(set)g(of)g(\014le)f
-(names)h(matc)m(hing)150 1701 y(a)42 b(pattern.)74 b(If)41
+(names)h(matc)m(hing)150 2992 y(a)42 b(pattern.)74 b(If)41
b Ft(GLOBIGNORE)e Fu(is)i(set,)k(eac)m(h)e(matc)m(hing)f(\014le)g(name)
-f(that)h(also)h(matc)m(hes)f(one)g(of)g(the)150 1811
+f(that)h(also)h(matc)m(hes)f(one)g(of)g(the)150 3101
y(patterns)34 b(in)g Ft(GLOBIGNORE)d Fu(is)k(remo)m(v)m(ed)g(from)f
(the)g(list)h(of)f(matc)m(hes.)54 b(If)33 b(the)i Ft(nocaseglob)c
-Fu(option)k(is)150 1920 y(set,)c(the)e(matc)m(hing)i(against)g(the)f
+Fu(option)k(is)150 3211 y(set,)c(the)e(matc)m(hing)i(against)g(the)f
(patterns)f(in)h Ft(GLOBIGNORE)c Fu(is)k(p)s(erformed)e(without)i
-(regard)f(to)i(case.)150 2030 y(The)d(\014lenames)h Ft(.)g
+(regard)f(to)i(case.)150 3320 y(The)d(\014lenames)h Ft(.)g
Fu(and)f Ft(..)h Fu(are)g(alw)m(a)m(ys)h(ignored)f(when)f
Ft(GLOBIGNORE)f Fu(is)i(set)g(and)f(not)h(n)m(ull.)41
-b(Ho)m(w)m(ev)m(er,)150 2139 y(setting)30 b Ft(GLOBIGNORE)d
+b(Ho)m(w)m(ev)m(er,)150 3430 y(setting)30 b Ft(GLOBIGNORE)d
Fu(to)j(a)f(non-n)m(ull)g(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(has)f(the)g(e\013ect)i(of)f
(enabling)f(the)h Ft(dotglob)d Fu(shell)i(option,)150
-2249 y(so)j(all)h(other)f(\014lenames)g(b)s(eginning)f(with)h(a)g(`)p
+3540 y(so)j(all)h(other)f(\014lenames)g(b)s(eginning)f(with)h(a)g(`)p
Ft(.)p Fu(')g(will)h(matc)m(h.)46 b(T)-8 b(o)32 b(get)h(the)f(old)g(b)s
-(eha)m(vior)g(of)h(ignoring)150 2359 y(\014lenames)c(b)s(eginning)f
+(eha)m(vior)g(of)h(ignoring)150 3649 y(\014lenames)c(b)s(eginning)f
(with)h(a)h(`)p Ft(.)p Fu(',)f(mak)m(e)h(`)p Ft(.*)p
Fu(')f(one)h(of)f(the)g(patterns)g(in)g Ft(GLOBIGNORE)p
-Fu(.)37 b(The)29 b Ft(dotglob)150 2468 y Fu(option)i(is)f(disabled)g
-(when)g Ft(GLOBIGNORE)d Fu(is)k(unset.)150 2672 y Fk(3.5.8.1)63
-b(P)m(attern)40 b(Matc)m(hing)150 2819 y Fu(An)m(y)24
-b(c)m(haracter)h(that)f(app)s(ears)f(in)g(a)h(pattern,)i(other)e(than)f
-(the)h(sp)s(ecial)g(pattern)g(c)m(haracters)h(describ)s(ed)150
-2928 y(b)s(elo)m(w,)31 b(matc)m(hes)g(itself.)42 b(The)29
-b Fm(nul)h Fu(c)m(haracter)i(ma)m(y)e(not)h(o)s(ccur)f(in)g(a)h
-(pattern.)40 b(A)31 b(bac)m(kslash)g(escap)s(es)150 3038
-y(the)38 b(follo)m(wing)g(c)m(haracter;)43 b(the)37 b(escaping)i(bac)m
-(kslash)e(is)h(discarded)f(when)f(matc)m(hing.)63 b(The)36
-b(sp)s(ecial)150 3147 y(pattern)30 b(c)m(haracters)i(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)e
-(quoted)i(if)f(they)h(are)f(to)i(b)s(e)d(matc)m(hed)i(literally)-8
-b(.)275 3286 y(The)29 b(sp)s(ecial)i(pattern)g(c)m(haracters)h(ha)m(v)m
-(e)f(the)g(follo)m(wing)h(meanings:)150 3452 y Ft(*)432
-b Fu(Matc)m(hes)31 b(an)m(y)e(string,)h(including)f(the)g(n)m(ull)g
-(string.)41 b(When)29 b(the)g Ft(globstar)e Fu(shell)i(option)630
-3561 y(is)37 b(enabled,)h(and)e(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(')h(is)g(used)f(in)g(a)h
-(\014lename)g(expansion)g(con)m(text,)j(t)m(w)m(o)e(adjacen)m(t)g(`)p
-Ft(*)p Fu('s)630 3671 y(used)f(as)g(a)h(single)g(pattern)g(will)f(matc)
-m(h)i(all)f(\014les)f(and)g(zero)h(or)g(more)f(directories)i(and)630
-3780 y(sub)s(directories.)g(If)25 b(follo)m(w)m(ed)j(b)m(y)e(a)g(`)p
+Fu(.)37 b(The)29 b Ft(dotglob)150 3759 y Fu(option)i(is)f(disabled)g
+(when)g Ft(GLOBIGNORE)d Fu(is)k(unset.)275 3902 y(After)26
+b(the)h(pattern)g(is)f(expanded)g(and)g(matc)m(hed)h(against)h
+(\014lenames,)f(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)27 b(of)g(the)f Ft(GLOBSORT)150
+4012 y Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)46 b(con)m(trols)g(ho)m(w)f(the)g(results)f
+(are)h(sorted,)k(as)c(describ)s(ed)f(b)s(elo)m(w)h(\(see)h(Section)g
+(5.2)g([Bash)150 4121 y(V)-8 b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(79\).)150
+4329 y Fk(3.5.8.1)63 b(P)m(attern)40 b(Matc)m(hing)150
+4476 y Fu(An)m(y)24 b(c)m(haracter)h(that)f(app)s(ears)f(in)g(a)h
+(pattern,)i(other)e(than)f(the)h(sp)s(ecial)g(pattern)g(c)m(haracters)h
+(describ)s(ed)150 4586 y(b)s(elo)m(w,)31 b(matc)m(hes)g(itself.)42
+b(The)29 b Fm(nul)h Fu(c)m(haracter)i(ma)m(y)e(not)h(o)s(ccur)f(in)g(a)
+h(pattern.)40 b(A)31 b(bac)m(kslash)g(escap)s(es)150
+4695 y(the)38 b(follo)m(wing)g(c)m(haracter;)43 b(the)37
+b(escaping)i(bac)m(kslash)e(is)h(discarded)f(when)f(matc)m(hing.)63
+b(The)36 b(sp)s(ecial)150 4805 y(pattern)30 b(c)m(haracters)i(m)m(ust)f
+(b)s(e)e(quoted)i(if)f(they)h(are)f(to)i(b)s(e)d(matc)m(hed)i
+(literally)-8 b(.)275 4948 y(The)29 b(sp)s(ecial)i(pattern)g(c)m
+(haracters)h(ha)m(v)m(e)f(the)g(follo)m(wing)h(meanings:)150
+5121 y Ft(*)432 b Fu(Matc)m(hes)31 b(an)m(y)e(string,)h(including)f
+(the)g(n)m(ull)g(string.)41 b(When)29 b(the)g Ft(globstar)e
+Fu(shell)i(option)630 5230 y(is)37 b(enabled,)h(and)e(`)p
+Ft(*)p Fu(')h(is)g(used)f(in)g(a)h(\014lename)g(expansion)g(con)m
+(text,)j(t)m(w)m(o)e(adjacen)m(t)g(`)p Ft(*)p Fu('s)630
+5340 y(used)f(as)g(a)h(single)g(pattern)g(will)f(matc)m(h)i(all)f
+(\014les)f(and)g(zero)h(or)g(more)f(directories)i(and)p
+eop end
+%%Page: 37 43
+TeXDict begin 37 42 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
+b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(37)630 299
+y(sub)s(directories.)39 b(If)25 b(follo)m(w)m(ed)j(b)m(y)e(a)g(`)p
Ft(/)p Fu(',)h(t)m(w)m(o)g(adjacen)m(t)h(`)p Ft(*)p Fu('s)e(will)g
-(matc)m(h)h(only)f(directories)630 3890 y(and)k(sub)s(directories.)150
-4054 y Ft(?)432 b Fu(Matc)m(hes)32 b(an)m(y)f(single)g(c)m(haracter.)
-150 4217 y Ft([...)o(])241 b Fu(Matc)m(hes)27 b(an)m(y)e(one)g(of)g
-(the)g(enclosed)g(c)m(haracters.)41 b(A)25 b(pair)f(of)h(c)m(haracters)
-i(separated)e(b)m(y)g(a)630 4327 y(h)m(yphen)k(denotes)i(a)g
+(matc)m(h)h(only)f(directories)630 408 y(and)k(sub)s(directories.)150
+572 y Ft(?)432 b Fu(Matc)m(hes)32 b(an)m(y)f(single)g(c)m(haracter.)150
+736 y Ft([...)o(])241 b Fu(Matc)m(hes)27 b(an)m(y)e(one)g(of)g(the)g
+(enclosed)g(c)m(haracters.)41 b(A)25 b(pair)f(of)h(c)m(haracters)i
+(separated)e(b)m(y)g(a)630 846 y(h)m(yphen)k(denotes)i(a)g
Fr(range)g(expression)p Fu(;)f(an)m(y)h(c)m(haracter)h(that)f(falls)g
-(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(those)g(t)m(w)m(o)630 4436 y(c)m(haracters,)d
+(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(those)g(t)m(w)m(o)630 956 y(c)m(haracters,)d
(inclusiv)m(e,)f(using)d(the)h(curren)m(t)f(lo)s(cale's)j(collating)g
-(sequence)e(and)f(c)m(haracter)630 4546 y(set,)31 b(is)f(matc)m(hed.)42
+(sequence)e(and)f(c)m(haracter)630 1065 y(set,)31 b(is)f(matc)m(hed.)42
b(If)30 b(the)g(\014rst)g(c)m(haracter)i(follo)m(wing)g(the)e(`)p
Ft([)p Fu(')h(is)f(a)h(`)p Ft(!)p Fu(')f(or)g(a)h(`)p
-Ft(^)p Fu(')g(then)f(an)m(y)630 4655 y(c)m(haracter)c(not)f(enclosed)g
+Ft(^)p Fu(')g(then)f(an)m(y)630 1175 y(c)m(haracter)c(not)f(enclosed)g
(is)g(matc)m(hed.)40 b(A)25 b(`)p Fq(\000)p Fu(')f(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e
-(matc)m(hed)h(b)m(y)f(including)h(it)g(as)g(the)630 4765
+(matc)m(hed)h(b)m(y)f(including)h(it)g(as)g(the)630 1284
y(\014rst)32 b(or)h(last)h(c)m(haracter)h(in)e(the)g(set.)50
b(A)33 b(`)p Ft(])p Fu(')g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(matc)m(hed)i(b)m(y)f
-(including)g(it)g(as)h(the)630 4875 y(\014rst)c(c)m(haracter)j(in)d
+(including)g(it)g(as)h(the)630 1394 y(\014rst)c(c)m(haracter)j(in)d
(the)h(set.)43 b(The)31 b(sorting)g(order)g(of)g(c)m(haracters)h(in)f
-(range)g(expressions,)630 4984 y(and)f(the)h(c)m(haracters)h(included)e
+(range)g(expressions,)630 1503 y(and)f(the)h(c)m(haracters)h(included)e
(in)h(the)f(range,)i(are)f(determined)f(b)m(y)h(the)g(curren)m(t)f(lo)s
-(cale)630 5094 y(and)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(of)g(the)f
+(cale)630 1613 y(and)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(of)g(the)f
Ft(LC_COLLATE)e Fu(and)h Ft(LC_ALL)g Fu(shell)i(v)-5
-b(ariables,)31 b(if)f(set.)630 5230 y(F)-8 b(or)34 b(example,)g(in)f
+b(ariables,)31 b(if)f(set.)630 1750 y(F)-8 b(or)34 b(example,)g(in)f
(the)g(default)g(C)f(lo)s(cale,)k(`)p Ft([a-dx-z])p Fu(')31
b(is)i(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)34 b(to)g(`)p Ft([abcdxyz])p
-Fu('.)630 5340 y(Man)m(y)68 b(lo)s(cales)h(sort)f(c)m(haracters)h(in)e
-(dictionary)i(order,)76 b(and)67 b(in)g(these)h(lo)s(cales)p
-eop end
-%%Page: 37 43
-TeXDict begin 37 42 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
-b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(37)630 299
-y(`)p Ft([a-dx-z])p Fu(')36 b(is)i(t)m(ypically)i(not)e(equiv)-5
+Fu('.)630 1859 y(Man)m(y)68 b(lo)s(cales)h(sort)f(c)m(haracters)h(in)e
+(dictionary)i(order,)76 b(and)67 b(in)g(these)h(lo)s(cales)630
+1969 y(`)p Ft([a-dx-z])p Fu(')36 b(is)i(t)m(ypically)i(not)e(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)39 b(to)g(`)p Ft([abcdxyz])p Fu(';)g(it)g(migh)m(t)f(b)s(e)f
-(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)630 408 y(to)34 b(`)p Ft([aBbCcDdxYyZz])p
+(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)630 2079 y(to)34 b(`)p Ft([aBbCcDdxYyZz])p
Fu(',)c(for)j(example.)49 b(T)-8 b(o)33 b(obtain)h(the)f(traditional)h
-(in)m(terpretation)h(of)630 518 y(ranges)e(in)f(brac)m(k)m(et)i
+(in)m(terpretation)h(of)630 2188 y(ranges)e(in)f(brac)m(k)m(et)i
(expressions,)g(y)m(ou)f(can)g(force)g(the)g(use)f(of)h(the)g(C)f(lo)s
-(cale)i(b)m(y)f(setting)630 628 y(the)c Ft(LC_COLLATE)e
+(cale)i(b)m(y)f(setting)630 2298 y(the)c Ft(LC_COLLATE)e
Fu(or)i Ft(LC_ALL)f Fu(en)m(vironmen)m(t)i(v)-5 b(ariable)30
b(to)g(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(`)p Ft(C)p Fu(',)g(or)f(enable)h(the)630
-737 y Ft(globasciiranges)c Fu(shell)31 b(option.)630
-873 y(Within)23 b(`)p Ft([)p Fu(')h(and)e(`)p Ft(])p
+2407 y Ft(globasciiranges)c Fu(shell)31 b(option.)630
+2544 y(Within)23 b(`)p Ft([)p Fu(')h(and)e(`)p Ft(])p
Fu(',)j Fr(c)m(haracter)g(classes)j Fu(can)c(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)h
(using)f(the)i(syn)m(tax)f Ft([:)p Fr(class)t Ft(:])p
-Fu(,)630 982 y(where)30 b Fr(class)35 b Fu(is)30 b(one)h(of)f(the)h
+Fu(,)630 2654 y(where)30 b Fr(class)35 b Fu(is)30 b(one)h(of)f(the)h
(follo)m(wing)h(classes)f(de\014ned)e(in)h(the)h Fm(posix)f
-Fu(standard:)870 1118 y Ft(alnum)142 b(alpha)g(ascii)f(blank)h(cntrl)g
-(digit)g(graph)g(lower)870 1227 y(print)g(punct)g(space)f(upper)h(word)
-190 b(xdigit)630 1363 y Fu(A)42 b(c)m(haracter)h(class)f(matc)m(hes)h
+Fu(standard:)870 2790 y Ft(alnum)142 b(alpha)g(ascii)f(blank)h(cntrl)g
+(digit)g(graph)g(lower)870 2900 y(print)g(punct)g(space)f(upper)h(word)
+190 b(xdigit)630 3037 y Fu(A)42 b(c)m(haracter)h(class)f(matc)m(hes)h
(an)m(y)f(c)m(haracter)h(b)s(elonging)f(to)g(that)g(class.)75
-b(The)41 b Ft(word)630 1472 y Fu(c)m(haracter)32 b(class)f(matc)m(hes)h
+b(The)41 b Ft(word)630 3146 y Fu(c)m(haracter)32 b(class)f(matc)m(hes)h
(letters,)f(digits,)h(and)d(the)i(c)m(haracter)h(`)p
-Ft(_)p Fu('.)630 1608 y(Within)25 b(`)p Ft([)p Fu(')f(and)g(`)p
+Ft(_)p Fu('.)630 3283 y(Within)25 b(`)p Ft([)p Fu(')f(and)g(`)p
Ft(])p Fu(',)i(an)e Fr(equiv)-5 b(alence)26 b(class)j
Fu(can)24 b(b)s(e)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(using)g(the)g(syn)m(tax)h
-Ft([=)p Fr(c)6 b Ft(=])p Fu(,)630 1717 y(whic)m(h)29
+Ft([=)p Fr(c)6 b Ft(=])p Fu(,)630 3393 y(whic)m(h)29
b(matc)m(hes)i(all)f(c)m(haracters)h(with)e(the)h(same)g(collation)h(w)
-m(eigh)m(t)g(\(as)f(de\014ned)e(b)m(y)i(the)630 1827
+m(eigh)m(t)g(\(as)f(de\014ned)e(b)m(y)i(the)630 3502
y(curren)m(t)g(lo)s(cale\))j(as)d(the)h(c)m(haracter)h
-Fr(c)p Fu(.)630 1962 y(Within)22 b(`)p Ft([)p Fu(')f(and)g(`)p
+Fr(c)p Fu(.)630 3639 y(Within)22 b(`)p Ft([)p Fu(')f(and)g(`)p
Ft(])p Fu(',)j(the)d(syn)m(tax)h Ft([.)p Fr(sym)m(b)s(ol)t
Ft(.])e Fu(matc)m(hes)i(the)g(collating)i(sym)m(b)s(ol)d
-Fr(sym)m(b)s(ol)p Fu(.)275 2125 y(If)i(the)g Ft(extglob)f
+Fr(sym)m(b)s(ol)p Fu(.)275 3805 y(If)i(the)g Ft(extglob)f
Fu(shell)h(option)h(is)g(enabled)f(using)g(the)h Ft(shopt)e
Fu(builtin,)i(the)g(shell)f(recognizes)j(sev)m(eral)150
-2234 y(extended)i(pattern)f(matc)m(hing)i(op)s(erators.)40
+3915 y(extended)i(pattern)f(matc)m(hing)i(op)s(erators.)40
b(In)26 b(the)i(follo)m(wing)h(description,)g(a)e Fr(pattern-list)k
-Fu(is)d(a)g(list)g(of)150 2344 y(one)23 b(or)f(more)h(patterns)g
+Fu(is)d(a)g(list)g(of)150 4024 y(one)23 b(or)f(more)h(patterns)g
(separated)g(b)m(y)f(a)h(`)p Ft(|)p Fu('.)38 b(When)22
b(matc)m(hing)i(\014lenames,)g(the)f Ft(dotglob)e Fu(shell)h(option)150
-2453 y(determines)h(the)h(set)g(of)g(\014lenames)f(that)h(are)g
+4134 y(determines)h(the)h(set)g(of)g(\014lenames)f(that)h(are)g
(tested,)i(as)d(describ)s(ed)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)39 b(Comp)s(osite)24
-b(patterns)f(ma)m(y)150 2563 y(b)s(e)30 b(formed)g(using)f(one)i(or)f
-(more)h(of)g(the)f(follo)m(wing)i(sub-patterns:)150 2725
-y Ft(?\()p Fj(pattern-list)p Ft(\))630 2835 y Fu(Matc)m(hes)g(zero)f
+b(patterns)f(ma)m(y)150 4244 y(b)s(e)30 b(formed)g(using)f(one)i(or)f
+(more)h(of)g(the)f(follo)m(wing)i(sub-patterns:)150 4410
+y Ft(?\()p Fj(pattern-list)p Ft(\))630 4519 y Fu(Matc)m(hes)g(zero)f
(or)g(one)f(o)s(ccurrence)h(of)f(the)h(giv)m(en)g(patterns.)150
-2996 y Ft(*\()p Fj(pattern-list)p Ft(\))630 3106 y Fu(Matc)m(hes)h
+4683 y Ft(*\()p Fj(pattern-list)p Ft(\))630 4793 y Fu(Matc)m(hes)h
(zero)f(or)g(more)f(o)s(ccurrences)h(of)f(the)h(giv)m(en)g(patterns.)
-150 3267 y Ft(+\()p Fj(pattern-list)p Ft(\))630 3377
+150 4957 y Ft(+\()p Fj(pattern-list)p Ft(\))630 5066
y Fu(Matc)m(hes)h(one)f(or)f(more)h(o)s(ccurrences)f(of)h(the)f(giv)m
-(en)i(patterns.)150 3538 y Ft(@\()p Fj(pattern-list)p
-Ft(\))630 3648 y Fu(Matc)m(hes)g(one)f(of)f(the)h(giv)m(en)g(patterns.)
-150 3809 y Ft(!\()p Fj(pattern-list)p Ft(\))630 3919
-y Fu(Matc)m(hes)h(an)m(ything)f(except)g(one)g(of)f(the)h(giv)m(en)g
-(patterns.)275 4081 y(The)h Ft(extglob)f Fu(option)j(c)m(hanges)g(the)f
-(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(of)h(the)f(parser,)g(since)h(the)f(paren)m(theses)h
-(are)f(nor-)150 4190 y(mally)44 b(treated)g(as)f(op)s(erators)g(with)g
-(syn)m(tactic)i(meaning.)79 b(T)-8 b(o)44 b(ensure)e(that)i(extended)f
-(matc)m(hing)150 4300 y(patterns)30 b(are)g(parsed)f(correctly)-8
-b(,)32 b(mak)m(e)e(sure)g(that)g Ft(extglob)e Fu(is)h(enabled)h(b)s
-(efore)f(parsing)h(constructs)150 4410 y(con)m(taining)i(the)e
-(patterns,)h(including)f(shell)h(functions)f(and)f(command)h
-(substitutions.)275 4546 y(When)c(matc)m(hing)i(\014lenames,)g(the)f
-Ft(dotglob)e Fu(shell)i(option)h(determines)f(the)g(set)g(of)g
-(\014lenames)g(that)150 4656 y(are)34 b(tested:)47 b(when)33
-b Ft(dotglob)e Fu(is)i(enabled,)i(the)e(set)h(of)g(\014lenames)f
-(includes)g(all)h(\014les)g(b)s(eginning)e(with)150 4765
-y(`)p Ft(.)p Fu(',)d(but)e(the)g(\014lenames)h(`)p Ft(.)p
-Fu(')g(and)f(`)p Ft(..)p Fu(')g(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)f(matc)m(hed)h(b)m(y)g
-(a)g(pattern)g(or)f(sub-pattern)g(that)h(b)s(egins)150
-4875 y(with)33 b(a)g(dot;)j(when)c(it)h(is)h(disabled,)f(the)h(set)g
-(do)s(es)e(not)i(include)f(an)m(y)g(\014lenames)g(b)s(eginning)g(with)g
-(\\.")150 4984 y(unless)24 b(the)g(pattern)h(or)f(sub-pattern)g(b)s
-(egins)g(with)g(a)g(`)p Ft(.)p Fu('.)39 b(As)25 b(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e,)i(`)p
-Ft(.)p Fu(')d(only)h(has)f(a)h(sp)s(ecial)g(meaning)150
-5094 y(when)k(matc)m(hing)j(\014lenames.)275 5230 y(Complicated)41
-b(extended)f(pattern)g(matc)m(hing)h(against)h(long)f(strings)f(is)g
-(slo)m(w,)k(esp)s(ecially)d(when)150 5340 y(the)29 b(patterns)g(con)m
-(tain)i(alternations)f(and)f(the)g(strings)g(con)m(tain)h(m)m(ultiple)g
-(matc)m(hes.)42 b(Using)29 b(separate)p eop end
+(en)i(patterns.)150 5230 y Ft(@\()p Fj(pattern-list)p
+Ft(\))630 5340 y Fu(Matc)m(hes)g(one)f(of)f(the)h(giv)m(en)g(patterns.)
+p eop end
%%Page: 38 44
TeXDict begin 38 43 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(38)150 299
-y(matc)m(hes)38 b(against)g(shorter)e(strings,)i(or)f(using)f(arra)m
-(ys)h(of)g(strings)f(instead)h(of)g(a)g(single)g(long)h(string,)150
-408 y(ma)m(y)31 b(b)s(e)f(faster.)150 603 y Fk(3.5.9)63
-b(Quote)41 b(Remo)m(v)-7 b(al)150 750 y Fu(After)32 b(the)g(preceding)g
-(expansions,)h(all)f(unquoted)f(o)s(ccurrences)h(of)g(the)h(c)m
-(haracters)g(`)p Ft(\\)p Fu(',)g(`)p Ft(')p Fu(',)f(and)g(`)p
-Ft(")p Fu(')150 860 y(that)f(did)f(not)g(result)g(from)g(one)h(of)g
-(the)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(expansions)e(are)h(remo)m(v)m(ed.)150
-1096 y Fs(3.6)68 b(Redirections)150 1255 y Fu(Before)32
+y Ft(!\()p Fj(pattern-list)p Ft(\))630 408 y Fu(Matc)m(hes)32
+b(an)m(ything)f(except)g(one)g(of)f(the)h(giv)m(en)g(patterns.)275
+560 y(The)h Ft(extglob)f Fu(option)j(c)m(hanges)g(the)f(b)s(eha)m(vior)
+g(of)h(the)f(parser,)g(since)h(the)f(paren)m(theses)h(are)f(nor-)150
+669 y(mally)44 b(treated)g(as)f(op)s(erators)g(with)g(syn)m(tactic)i
+(meaning.)79 b(T)-8 b(o)44 b(ensure)e(that)i(extended)f(matc)m(hing)150
+779 y(patterns)30 b(are)g(parsed)f(correctly)-8 b(,)32
+b(mak)m(e)e(sure)g(that)g Ft(extglob)e Fu(is)h(enabled)h(b)s(efore)f
+(parsing)h(constructs)150 889 y(con)m(taining)i(the)e(patterns,)h
+(including)f(shell)h(functions)f(and)f(command)h(substitutions.)275
+1019 y(When)c(matc)m(hing)i(\014lenames,)g(the)f Ft(dotglob)e
+Fu(shell)i(option)h(determines)f(the)g(set)g(of)g(\014lenames)g(that)
+150 1129 y(are)34 b(tested:)47 b(when)33 b Ft(dotglob)e
+Fu(is)i(enabled,)i(the)e(set)h(of)g(\014lenames)f(includes)g(all)h
+(\014les)g(b)s(eginning)e(with)150 1238 y(`)p Ft(.)p
+Fu(',)d(but)e(the)g(\014lenames)h(`)p Ft(.)p Fu(')g(and)f(`)p
+Ft(..)p Fu(')g(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)f(matc)m(hed)h(b)m(y)g(a)g(pattern)g(or)
+f(sub-pattern)g(that)h(b)s(egins)150 1348 y(with)33 b(a)g(dot;)j(when)c
+(it)h(is)h(disabled,)f(the)h(set)g(do)s(es)e(not)i(include)f(an)m(y)g
+(\014lenames)g(b)s(eginning)g(with)g(\\.")150 1457 y(unless)24
+b(the)g(pattern)h(or)f(sub-pattern)g(b)s(egins)g(with)g(a)g(`)p
+Ft(.)p Fu('.)39 b(As)25 b(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e,)i(`)p Ft(.)p
+Fu(')d(only)h(has)f(a)h(sp)s(ecial)g(meaning)150 1567
+y(when)k(matc)m(hing)j(\014lenames.)275 1698 y(Complicated)41
+b(extended)f(pattern)g(matc)m(hing)h(against)h(long)f(strings)f(is)g
+(slo)m(w,)k(esp)s(ecially)d(when)150 1807 y(the)29 b(patterns)g(con)m
+(tain)i(alternations)f(and)f(the)g(strings)g(con)m(tain)h(m)m(ultiple)g
+(matc)m(hes.)42 b(Using)29 b(separate)150 1917 y(matc)m(hes)38
+b(against)g(shorter)e(strings,)i(or)f(using)f(arra)m(ys)h(of)g(strings)
+f(instead)h(of)g(a)g(single)g(long)h(string,)150 2026
+y(ma)m(y)31 b(b)s(e)f(faster.)150 2218 y Fk(3.5.9)63
+b(Quote)41 b(Remo)m(v)-7 b(al)150 2365 y Fu(After)32
+b(the)g(preceding)g(expansions,)h(all)f(unquoted)f(o)s(ccurrences)h(of)
+g(the)h(c)m(haracters)g(`)p Ft(\\)p Fu(',)g(`)p Ft(')p
+Fu(',)f(and)g(`)p Ft(")p Fu(')150 2474 y(that)f(did)f(not)g(result)g
+(from)g(one)h(of)g(the)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(expansions)e(are)h(remo)m(v)m
+(ed.)150 2707 y Fs(3.6)68 b(Redirections)150 2866 y Fu(Before)32
b(a)f(command)f(is)h(executed,)h(its)f(input)e(and)h(output)h(ma)m(y)g
(b)s(e)f Fr(redirected)k Fu(using)c(a)i(sp)s(ecial)f(no-)150
-1365 y(tation)d(in)m(terpreted)f(b)m(y)f(the)h(shell.)40
+2976 y(tation)d(in)m(terpreted)f(b)m(y)f(the)h(shell.)40
b Fr(Redirection)27 b Fu(allo)m(ws)h(commands')f(\014le)f(handles)g(to)
-i(b)s(e)e(duplicated,)150 1475 y(op)s(ened,)i(closed,)i(made)e(to)h
+i(b)s(e)e(duplicated,)150 3085 y(op)s(ened,)i(closed,)i(made)e(to)h
(refer)f(to)h(di\013eren)m(t)f(\014les,)h(and)f(can)g(c)m(hange)h(the)g
-(\014les)f(the)g(command)g(reads)150 1584 y(from)39 b(and)g(writes)h
+(\014les)f(the)g(command)g(reads)150 3195 y(from)39 b(and)g(writes)h
(to.)69 b(Redirection)40 b(ma)m(y)g(also)h(b)s(e)e(used)g(to)h(mo)s
(dify)f(\014le)g(handles)g(in)g(the)h(curren)m(t)150
-1694 y(shell)e(execution)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)65 b(The)37
+3305 y(shell)e(execution)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)65 b(The)37
b(follo)m(wing)j(redirection)f(op)s(erators)f(ma)m(y)g(precede)h(or)f
-(app)s(ear)150 1803 y(an)m(ywhere)30 b(within)f(a)h(simple)f(command)h
+(app)s(ear)150 3414 y(an)m(ywhere)30 b(within)f(a)h(simple)f(command)h
(or)f(ma)m(y)i(follo)m(w)g(a)f(command.)40 b(Redirections)30
-b(are)g(pro)s(cessed)150 1913 y(in)g(the)h(order)f(they)g(app)s(ear,)g
-(from)g(left)h(to)g(righ)m(t.)275 2045 y(Eac)m(h)45 b(redirection)h
+b(are)g(pro)s(cessed)150 3524 y(in)g(the)h(order)f(they)g(app)s(ear,)g
+(from)g(left)h(to)g(righ)m(t.)275 3654 y(Eac)m(h)45 b(redirection)h
(that)f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(preceded)g(b)m(y)h(a)h(\014le)f(descriptor)f
-(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(ma)m(y)h(instead)h(b)s(e)150 2155
+(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(ma)m(y)h(instead)h(b)s(e)150 3764
y(preceded)41 b(b)m(y)g(a)h(w)m(ord)f(of)g(the)h(form)f
Fi({)p Fr(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fi(})p Fu(.)74 b(In)41 b(this)g(case,)k
-(for)c(eac)m(h)i(redirection)f(op)s(erator)150 2264 y(except)37
+(for)c(eac)m(h)i(redirection)f(op)s(erator)150 3874 y(except)37
b Ft(>)p Fu(&-)e(and)g Ft(<)p Fu(&-,)i(the)f(shell)g(will)g(allo)s
(cate)j(a)d(\014le)g(descriptor)f(greater)i(than)f(10)g(and)f(assign)h
-(it)150 2374 y(to)e Fi({)p Fr(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fi(})p
+(it)150 3983 y(to)e Fi({)p Fr(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fi(})p
Fu(.)52 b(If)33 b Ft(>)p Fu(&-)g(or)h Ft(<)p Fu(&-)f(is)g(preceded)h(b)
m(y)f Fi({)p Fr(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fi(})p Fu(,)36 b(the)e(v)-5
b(alue)34 b(of)f Fr(v)-5 b(arname)39 b Fu(de\014nes)33
-b(the)150 2483 y(\014le)e(descriptor)g(to)h(close.)43
+b(the)150 4093 y(\014le)e(descriptor)g(to)h(close.)43
b(If)31 b Fi({)p Fr(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fi(})32 b Fu(is)f(supplied,)f
(the)h(redirection)g(p)s(ersists)f(b)s(ey)m(ond)h(the)g(scop)s(e)150
-2593 y(of)42 b(the)f(command,)j(allo)m(wing)f(the)f(shell)g(programmer)
+4202 y(of)42 b(the)f(command,)j(allo)m(wing)f(the)f(shell)g(programmer)
f(to)h(manage)g(the)g(\014le)f(descriptor's)h(lifetime)150
-2703 y(man)m(ually)-8 b(.)41 b(The)29 b Ft(varredir_close)c
+4312 y(man)m(ually)-8 b(.)41 b(The)29 b Ft(varredir_close)c
Fu(shell)k(option)g(manages)h(this)f(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(\(see)h(Section)f
-(4.3.2)i([The)150 2812 y(Shopt)f(Builtin],)h(page)g(71\).)275
-2944 y(In)c(the)i(follo)m(wing)h(descriptions,)g(if)e(the)h(\014le)g
+(4.3.2)i([The)150 4421 y(Shopt)f(Builtin],)h(page)g(71\).)275
+4552 y(In)c(the)i(follo)m(wing)h(descriptions,)g(if)e(the)h(\014le)g
(descriptor)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(is)g(omitted,)i(and)f(the)f(\014rst)g
-(c)m(har-)150 3054 y(acter)42 b(of)f(the)g(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g
+(c)m(har-)150 4662 y(acter)42 b(of)f(the)g(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g
(is)g(`)p Ft(<)p Fu(',)i(the)e(redirection)g(refers)g(to)g(the)g
-(standard)f(input)f(\(\014le)150 3164 y(descriptor)33
+(standard)f(input)f(\(\014le)150 4771 y(descriptor)33
b(0\).)49 b(If)33 b(the)g(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)i(of)g(the)f
(redirection)g(op)s(erator)h(is)f(`)p Ft(>)p Fu(',)h(the)f(redirection)
-g(refers)150 3273 y(to)e(the)g(standard)e(output)h(\(\014le)h
-(descriptor)f(1\).)275 3405 y(The)h(w)m(ord)h(follo)m(wing)i(the)f
+g(refers)150 4881 y(to)e(the)g(standard)e(output)h(\(\014le)h
+(descriptor)f(1\).)275 5011 y(The)h(w)m(ord)h(follo)m(wing)i(the)f
(redirection)g(op)s(erator)f(in)g(the)h(follo)m(wing)h(descriptions,)f
-(unless)e(other-)150 3515 y(wise)21 b(noted,)i(is)e(sub)5
+(unless)e(other-)150 5121 y(wise)21 b(noted,)i(is)e(sub)5
b(jected)21 b(to)h(brace)f(expansion,)i(tilde)f(expansion,)h(parameter)
-e(expansion,)i(command)150 3625 y(substitution,)31 b(arithmetic)h
+e(expansion,)i(command)150 5230 y(substitution,)31 b(arithmetic)h
(expansion,)f(quote)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al,)33 b(\014lename)e(expansion,)g
-(and)f(w)m(ord)h(splitting.)150 3734 y(If)f(it)h(expands)e(to)i(more)g
-(than)f(one)h(w)m(ord,)f(Bash)h(rep)s(orts)e(an)h(error.)275
-3866 y(Note)h(that)g(the)g(order)f(of)g(redirections)h(is)g
-(signi\014can)m(t.)41 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(example,)h(the)e(command)390
-3999 y Ft(ls)47 b(>)h Fj(dirlist)d Ft(2>&1)150 4131 y
-Fu(directs)28 b(b)s(oth)f(standard)g(output)g(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f
-(1\))i(and)e(standard)f(error)i(\(\014le)g(descriptor)f(2\))h(to)h(the)
-150 4240 y(\014le)h Fr(dirlist)p Fu(,)h(while)f(the)h(command)390
-4373 y Ft(ls)47 b(2>&1)g(>)g Fj(dirlist)150 4505 y Fu(directs)28
+(and)f(w)m(ord)h(splitting.)150 5340 y(If)f(it)h(expands)e(to)i(more)g
+(than)f(one)h(w)m(ord,)f(Bash)h(rep)s(orts)e(an)h(error.)p
+eop end
+%%Page: 39 45
+TeXDict begin 39 44 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
+b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(39)275 299
+y(Note)31 b(that)g(the)g(order)f(of)g(redirections)h(is)g(signi\014can)
+m(t.)41 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(example,)h(the)e(command)390
+430 y Ft(ls)47 b(>)h Fj(dirlist)d Ft(2>&1)150 562 y Fu(directs)28
+b(b)s(oth)f(standard)g(output)g(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f(1\))i(and)e
+(standard)f(error)i(\(\014le)g(descriptor)f(2\))h(to)h(the)150
+671 y(\014le)h Fr(dirlist)p Fu(,)h(while)f(the)h(command)390
+803 y Ft(ls)47 b(2>&1)g(>)g Fj(dirlist)150 934 y Fu(directs)28
b(only)f(the)h(standard)e(output)i(to)g(\014le)f Fr(dirlist)p
Fu(,)h(b)s(ecause)g(the)f(standard)g(error)g(w)m(as)h(made)f(a)h(cop)m
-(y)150 4615 y(of)j(the)f(standard)g(output)g(b)s(efore)g(the)g
+(y)150 1044 y(of)j(the)f(standard)g(output)g(b)s(efore)g(the)g
(standard)g(output)g(w)m(as)g(redirected)h(to)g Fr(dirlist)p
-Fu(.)275 4747 y(Bash)26 b(handles)f(sev)m(eral)j(\014lenames)e(sp)s
+Fu(.)275 1175 y(Bash)26 b(handles)f(sev)m(eral)j(\014lenames)e(sp)s
(ecially)h(when)f(they)g(are)g(used)g(in)g(redirections,)i(as)e
-(describ)s(ed)150 4856 y(in)38 b(the)h(follo)m(wing)h(table.)66
+(describ)s(ed)150 1285 y(in)38 b(the)h(follo)m(wing)h(table.)66
b(If)38 b(the)h(op)s(erating)g(system)f(on)h(whic)m(h)f(Bash)h(is)f
-(running)f(pro)m(vides)h(these)150 4966 y(sp)s(ecial)27
-b(\014les,)g(bash)e(will)i(use)f(them;)h(otherwise)g(it)f(will)h(em)m
-(ulate)h(them)e(in)m(ternally)h(with)f(the)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)150
-5076 y(describ)s(ed)j(b)s(elo)m(w.)150 5230 y Ft(/dev/fd/)p
-Fj(fd)630 5340 y Fu(If)h Fr(fd)j Fu(is)d(a)h(v)-5 b(alid)31
-b(in)m(teger,)h(\014le)e(descriptor)h Fr(fd)i Fu(is)d(duplicated.)p
-eop end
-%%Page: 39 45
-TeXDict begin 39 44 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
-b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(39)150 299
-y Ft(/dev/stdin)630 408 y Fu(File)32 b(descriptor)e(0)h(is)f
-(duplicated.)150 577 y Ft(/dev/stdout)630 687 y Fu(File)i(descriptor)e
-(1)h(is)f(duplicated.)150 856 y Ft(/dev/stderr)630 965
-y Fu(File)i(descriptor)e(2)h(is)f(duplicated.)150 1134
-y Ft(/dev/tcp/)p Fj(host)p Ft(/)p Fj(port)630 1244 y
-Fu(If)41 b Fr(host)i Fu(is)f(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)41 b(hostname)h(or)f(In)m
-(ternet)h(address,)i(and)c Fr(p)s(ort)j Fu(is)f(an)f(in)m(teger)i(p)s
-(ort)630 1354 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)23 b(or)i(service)h(name,)g(Bash)f
+(running)f(pro)m(vides)h(these)150 1395 y(sp)s(ecial)26
+b(\014les,)g(Bash)f(will)h(use)e(them;)k(otherwise)d(it)h(will)f(em)m
+(ulate)i(them)e(in)m(ternally)h(with)f(the)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)150
+1504 y(describ)s(ed)k(b)s(elo)m(w.)150 1658 y Ft(/dev/fd/)p
+Fj(fd)630 1767 y Fu(If)h Fr(fd)j Fu(is)d(a)h(v)-5 b(alid)31
+b(in)m(teger,)h(\014le)e(descriptor)h Fr(fd)i Fu(is)d(duplicated.)150
+1920 y Ft(/dev/stdin)630 2030 y Fu(File)i(descriptor)e(0)h(is)f
+(duplicated.)150 2183 y Ft(/dev/stdout)630 2293 y Fu(File)i(descriptor)
+e(1)h(is)f(duplicated.)150 2446 y Ft(/dev/stderr)630
+2556 y Fu(File)i(descriptor)e(2)h(is)f(duplicated.)150
+2709 y Ft(/dev/tcp/)p Fj(host)p Ft(/)p Fj(port)630 2819
+y Fu(If)41 b Fr(host)i Fu(is)f(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)41 b(hostname)h(or)f(In)
+m(ternet)h(address,)i(and)c Fr(p)s(ort)j Fu(is)f(an)f(in)m(teger)i(p)s
+(ort)630 2928 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)23 b(or)i(service)h(name,)g(Bash)f
(attempts)h(to)f(op)s(en)f(the)h(corresp)s(onding)f(TCP)g(so)s(c)m(k)m
-(et.)150 1522 y Ft(/dev/udp/)p Fj(host)p Ft(/)p Fj(port)630
-1632 y Fu(If)41 b Fr(host)i Fu(is)f(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)41
+(et.)150 3082 y Ft(/dev/udp/)p Fj(host)p Ft(/)p Fj(port)630
+3191 y Fu(If)41 b Fr(host)i Fu(is)f(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)41
b(hostname)h(or)f(In)m(ternet)h(address,)i(and)c Fr(p)s(ort)j
-Fu(is)f(an)f(in)m(teger)i(p)s(ort)630 1742 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)23
+Fu(is)f(an)f(in)m(teger)i(p)s(ort)630 3301 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)23
b(or)h(service)h(name,)h(Bash)e(attempts)h(to)g(op)s(en)f(the)g
-(corresp)s(onding)f(UDP)i(so)s(c)m(k)m(et.)275 1915 y(A)30
+(corresp)s(onding)f(UDP)i(so)s(c)m(k)m(et.)275 3454 y(A)30
b(failure)h(to)g(op)s(en)e(or)i(create)h(a)e(\014le)h(causes)g(the)f
-(redirection)h(to)g(fail.)275 2059 y(Redirections)f(using)e(\014le)i
+(redirection)h(to)g(fail.)275 3586 y(Redirections)f(using)e(\014le)i
(descriptors)f(greater)h(than)f(9)h(should)e(b)s(e)h(used)f(with)h
-(care,)h(as)g(they)f(ma)m(y)150 2169 y(con\015ict)i(with)f(\014le)h
+(care,)h(as)g(they)f(ma)m(y)150 3695 y(con\015ict)i(with)f(\014le)h
(descriptors)f(the)g(shell)h(uses)f(in)m(ternally)-8
-b(.)150 2378 y Fk(3.6.1)63 b(Redirecting)40 b(Input)150
-2525 y Fu(Redirection)35 b(of)f(input)f(causes)i(the)f(\014le)g(whose)g
+b(.)150 3889 y Fk(3.6.1)63 b(Redirecting)40 b(Input)150
+4036 y Fu(Redirection)35 b(of)f(input)f(causes)i(the)f(\014le)g(whose)g
(name)g(results)g(from)g(the)g(expansion)g(of)g Fr(w)m(ord)k
-Fu(to)d(b)s(e)150 2634 y(op)s(ened)d(for)g(reading)g(on)g(\014le)h
+Fu(to)d(b)s(e)150 4145 y(op)s(ened)d(for)g(reading)g(on)g(\014le)h
(descriptor)f Ft(n)p Fu(,)h(or)f(the)g(standard)g(input)f(\(\014le)i
-(descriptor)f(0\))h(if)f Ft(n)g Fu(is)h(not)150 2744
-y(sp)s(eci\014ed.)275 2888 y(The)c(general)j(format)e(for)h
-(redirecting)g(input)e(is:)390 3032 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]<)p
-Fj(word)150 3241 y Fk(3.6.2)63 b(Redirecting)40 b(Output)150
-3388 y Fu(Redirection)31 b(of)g(output)f(causes)h(the)f(\014le)h(whose)
+(descriptor)f(0\))h(if)f Ft(n)g Fu(is)h(not)150 4255
+y(sp)s(eci\014ed.)275 4386 y(The)c(general)j(format)e(for)h
+(redirecting)g(input)e(is:)390 4518 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]<)p
+Fj(word)150 4711 y Fk(3.6.2)63 b(Redirecting)40 b(Output)150
+4858 y Fu(Redirection)31 b(of)g(output)f(causes)h(the)f(\014le)h(whose)
f(name)g(results)h(from)e(the)i(expansion)f(of)h Fr(w)m(ord)i
-Fu(to)f(b)s(e)150 3497 y(op)s(ened)d(for)g(writing)g(on)g(\014le)h
+Fu(to)f(b)s(e)150 4967 y(op)s(ened)d(for)g(writing)g(on)g(\014le)h
(descriptor)f Fr(n)p Fu(,)g(or)g(the)h(standard)e(output)h(\(\014le)h
-(descriptor)f(1\))h(if)g Fr(n)e Fu(is)i(not)150 3607
+(descriptor)f(1\))h(if)g Fr(n)e Fu(is)i(not)150 5077
y(sp)s(eci\014ed.)40 b(If)30 b(the)g(\014le)h(do)s(es)f(not)h(exist)g
(it)g(is)f(created;)i(if)e(it)h(do)s(es)f(exist)h(it)g(is)g(truncated)f
-(to)h(zero)g(size.)275 3751 y(The)e(general)j(format)e(for)h
-(redirecting)g(output)f(is:)390 3895 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p
-Ft(]>[|])p Fj(word)275 4039 y Fu(If)g(the)h(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g
-(is)g(`)p Ft(>)p Fu(',)g(and)f(the)h Ft(noclobber)d Fu(option)j(to)g
-(the)g Ft(set)f Fu(builtin)g(has)h(b)s(een)150 4148 y(enabled,)h(the)g
+(to)h(zero)g(size.)275 5209 y(The)e(general)j(format)e(for)h
+(redirecting)g(output)f(is:)390 5340 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p
+Ft(]>[|])p Fj(word)p eop end
+%%Page: 40 46
+TeXDict begin 40 45 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
+b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(40)275 299
+y(If)30 b(the)h(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g(is)g(`)p
+Ft(>)p Fu(',)g(and)f(the)h Ft(noclobber)d Fu(option)j(to)g(the)g
+Ft(set)f Fu(builtin)g(has)h(b)s(een)150 408 y(enabled,)h(the)g
(redirection)h(will)f(fail)h(if)e(the)i(\014le)e(whose)h(name)g
(results)g(from)f(the)h(expansion)g(of)g Fr(w)m(ord)150
-4258 y Fu(exists)f(and)f(is)g(a)h(regular)g(\014le.)41
+518 y Fu(exists)f(and)f(is)g(a)h(regular)g(\014le.)41
b(If)30 b(the)h(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g(is)f(`)p
Ft(>|)p Fu(',)h(or)f(the)h(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g(is)150
-4367 y(`)p Ft(>)p Fu(')36 b(and)f(the)g Ft(noclobber)e
+628 y(`)p Ft(>)p Fu(')36 b(and)f(the)g Ft(noclobber)e
Fu(option)j(is)g(not)g(enabled,)h(the)e(redirection)h(is)g(attempted)g
-(ev)m(en)h(if)e(the)h(\014le)150 4477 y(named)30 b(b)m(y)g
-Fr(w)m(ord)k Fu(exists.)150 4686 y Fk(3.6.3)63 b(App)s(ending)42
-b(Redirected)e(Output)150 4833 y Fu(Redirection)23 b(of)e(output)h(in)f
+(ev)m(en)h(if)e(the)h(\014le)150 737 y(named)30 b(b)m(y)g
+Fr(w)m(ord)k Fu(exists.)150 934 y Fk(3.6.3)63 b(App)s(ending)42
+b(Redirected)e(Output)150 1081 y Fu(Redirection)23 b(of)e(output)h(in)f
(this)h(fashion)f(causes)h(the)g(\014le)g(whose)f(name)h(results)f
-(from)g(the)h(expansion)g(of)150 4942 y Fr(w)m(ord)28
+(from)g(the)h(expansion)g(of)150 1191 y Fr(w)m(ord)28
b Fu(to)e(b)s(e)e(op)s(ened)g(for)h(app)s(ending)e(on)i(\014le)g
(descriptor)g Fr(n)p Fu(,)g(or)g(the)g(standard)f(output)h(\(\014le)g
-(descriptor)150 5052 y(1\))31 b(if)f Fr(n)g Fu(is)h(not)f(sp)s
+(descriptor)150 1300 y(1\))31 b(if)f Fr(n)g Fu(is)h(not)f(sp)s
(eci\014ed.)40 b(If)30 b(the)h(\014le)f(do)s(es)g(not)h(exist)g(it)g
-(is)f(created.)275 5196 y(The)f(general)j(format)e(for)h(app)s(ending)e
-(output)h(is:)390 5340 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]>>)p Fj(word)p
-eop end
-%%Page: 40 46
-TeXDict begin 40 45 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
-b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(40)150 299
-y Fk(3.6.4)63 b(Redirecting)40 b(Standard)h(Output)g(and)g(Standard)g
-(Error)150 446 y Fu(This)33 b(construct)i(allo)m(ws)g(b)s(oth)f(the)g
-(standard)g(output)f(\(\014le)i(descriptor)f(1\))h(and)f(the)g
-(standard)f(error)150 555 y(output)d(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f(2\))h(to)g
-(b)s(e)f(redirected)h(to)g(the)f(\014le)h(whose)f(name)h(is)f(the)g
-(expansion)h(of)f Fr(w)m(ord)p Fu(.)275 712 y(There)f(are)i(t)m(w)m(o)h
-(formats)e(for)h(redirecting)g(standard)e(output)h(and)g(standard)f
-(error:)390 870 y Ft(&>)p Fj(word)150 1027 y Fu(and)390
-1184 y Ft(>&)p Fj(word)150 1341 y Fu(Of)h(the)g(t)m(w)m(o)i(forms,)e
-(the)h(\014rst)e(is)i(preferred.)39 b(This)30 b(is)g(seman)m(tically)j
-(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)390 1498 y Ft(>)p Fj(word)46
-b Ft(2>&1)275 1655 y Fu(When)41 b(using)g(the)h(second)f(form,)k
-Fr(w)m(ord)f Fu(ma)m(y)e(not)g(expand)f(to)h(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(or)g
-(`)p Ft(-)p Fu('.)75 b(If)41 b(it)h(do)s(es,)150 1764
-y(other)27 b(redirection)g(op)s(erators)f(apply)h(\(see)g(Duplicating)h
-(File)f(Descriptors)h(b)s(elo)m(w\))f(for)f(compatibilit)m(y)150
-1874 y(reasons.)150 2096 y Fk(3.6.5)63 b(App)s(ending)42
-b(Standard)f(Output)g(and)g(Standard)g(Error)150 2243
-y Fu(This)33 b(construct)i(allo)m(ws)g(b)s(oth)f(the)g(standard)g
-(output)f(\(\014le)i(descriptor)f(1\))h(and)f(the)g(standard)f(error)
-150 2352 y(output)d(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f(2\))h(to)g(b)s(e)f(app)s
-(ended)f(to)i(the)f(\014le)h(whose)f(name)g(is)h(the)f(expansion)h(of)f
-Fr(w)m(ord)p Fu(.)275 2509 y(The)f(format)i(for)f(app)s(ending)f
-(standard)h(output)g(and)f(standard)h(error)g(is:)390
-2666 y Ft(&>>)p Fj(word)150 2823 y Fu(This)g(is)g(seman)m(tically)j
-(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)390 2980 y Ft(>>)p Fj(word)46
-b Ft(2>&1)275 3138 y Fu(\(see)31 b(Duplicating)h(File)f(Descriptors)g
-(b)s(elo)m(w\).)150 3359 y Fk(3.6.6)63 b(Here)41 b(Do)s(cumen)m(ts)150
-3506 y Fu(This)26 b(t)m(yp)s(e)g(of)h(redirection)g(instructs)f(the)g
-(shell)h(to)g(read)f(input)g(from)g(the)g(curren)m(t)h(source)f(un)m
-(til)h(a)g(line)150 3616 y(con)m(taining)h(only)e Fr(w)m(ord)k
-Fu(\(with)c(no)g(trailing)h(blanks\))f(is)g(seen.)40
-b(All)27 b(of)f(the)g(lines)h(read)f(up)f(to)i(that)g(p)s(oin)m(t)150
-3725 y(are)k(then)f(used)f(as)i(the)g(standard)e(input)h(\(or)g(\014le)
-h(descriptor)f Fr(n)g Fu(if)g Fr(n)g Fu(is)g(sp)s(eci\014ed\))g(for)h
-(a)f(command.)275 3883 y(The)f(format)i(of)g(here-do)s(cumen)m(ts)f
-(is:)390 4040 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]<<[)p Fq(\000)p Ft(])p
-Fj(word)772 4149 y(here-document)390 4259 y(delimiter)275
-4416 y Fu(No)i(parameter)h(and)f(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(expansion,)h
-(command)f(substitution,)h(arithmetic)g(expansion,)g(or)150
-4525 y(\014lename)26 b(expansion)g(is)g(p)s(erformed)e(on)i
-Fr(w)m(ord)p Fu(.)39 b(If)25 b(an)m(y)i(part)e(of)h Fr(w)m(ord)j
-Fu(is)d(quoted,)i(the)e Fr(delimiter)33 b Fu(is)26 b(the)150
-4635 y(result)33 b(of)g(quote)g(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)34 b(on)f
-Fr(w)m(ord)p Fu(,)g(and)f(the)h(lines)g(in)g(the)g(here-do)s(cumen)m(t)
-g(are)g(not)g(expanded.)47 b(If)150 4745 y Fr(w)m(ord)26
-b Fu(is)c(unquoted,)h(all)g(lines)g(of)g(the)f(here-do)s(cumen)m(t)g
-(are)h(sub)5 b(jected)22 b(to)h(parameter)g(expansion,)h(com-)150
-4854 y(mand)30 b(substitution,)g(and)g(arithmetic)h(expansion,)g(the)f
-(c)m(haracter)i(sequence)f Ft(\\newline)d Fu(is)j(ignored,)150
-4964 y(and)f(`)p Ft(\\)p Fu(')g(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)e(used)h(to)h(quote)g
-(the)g(c)m(haracters)g(`)p Ft(\\)p Fu(',)g(`)p Ft($)p
-Fu(',)g(and)f(`)p Ft(`)p Fu('.)275 5121 y(If)21 b(the)i(redirection)g
-(op)s(erator)g(is)f(`)p Ft(<<-)p Fu(',)i(then)e(all)h(leading)g(tab)g
-(c)m(haracters)h(are)e(stripp)s(ed)f(from)h(input)150
-5230 y(lines)33 b(and)f(the)h(line)h(con)m(taining)g
-Fr(delimiter)p Fu(.)49 b(This)32 b(allo)m(ws)i(here-do)s(cumen)m(ts)f
-(within)f(shell)i(scripts)e(to)150 5340 y(b)s(e)e(inden)m(ted)g(in)g(a)
-h(natural)f(fashion.)p eop end
+(is)f(created.)275 1433 y(The)f(general)j(format)e(for)h(app)s(ending)e
+(output)h(is:)390 1567 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]>>)p Fj(word)150
+1763 y Fk(3.6.4)63 b(Redirecting)40 b(Standard)h(Output)g(and)g
+(Standard)g(Error)150 1910 y Fu(This)33 b(construct)i(allo)m(ws)g(b)s
+(oth)f(the)g(standard)g(output)f(\(\014le)i(descriptor)f(1\))h(and)f
+(the)g(standard)f(error)150 2020 y(output)d(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f
+(2\))h(to)g(b)s(e)f(redirected)h(to)g(the)f(\014le)h(whose)f(name)h(is)
+f(the)g(expansion)h(of)f Fr(w)m(ord)p Fu(.)275 2153 y(There)f(are)i(t)m
+(w)m(o)h(formats)e(for)h(redirecting)g(standard)e(output)h(and)g
+(standard)f(error:)390 2286 y Ft(&>)p Fj(word)150 2420
+y Fu(and)390 2553 y Ft(>&)p Fj(word)150 2686 y Fu(Of)h(the)g(t)m(w)m(o)
+i(forms,)e(the)h(\014rst)e(is)i(preferred.)39 b(This)30
+b(is)g(seman)m(tically)j(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)390
+2819 y Ft(>)p Fj(word)46 b Ft(2>&1)275 2953 y Fu(When)41
+b(using)g(the)h(second)f(form,)k Fr(w)m(ord)f Fu(ma)m(y)e(not)g(expand)
+f(to)h(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(or)g(`)p Ft(-)p Fu('.)75
+b(If)41 b(it)h(do)s(es,)150 3062 y(other)27 b(redirection)g(op)s
+(erators)f(apply)h(\(see)g(Duplicating)h(File)f(Descriptors)h(b)s(elo)m
+(w\))f(for)f(compatibilit)m(y)150 3172 y(reasons.)150
+3369 y Fk(3.6.5)63 b(App)s(ending)42 b(Standard)f(Output)g(and)g
+(Standard)g(Error)150 3516 y Fu(This)33 b(construct)i(allo)m(ws)g(b)s
+(oth)f(the)g(standard)g(output)f(\(\014le)i(descriptor)f(1\))h(and)f
+(the)g(standard)f(error)150 3625 y(output)d(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f
+(2\))h(to)g(b)s(e)f(app)s(ended)f(to)i(the)f(\014le)h(whose)f(name)g
+(is)h(the)f(expansion)h(of)f Fr(w)m(ord)p Fu(.)275 3758
+y(The)f(format)i(for)f(app)s(ending)f(standard)h(output)g(and)f
+(standard)h(error)g(is:)390 3892 y Ft(&>>)p Fj(word)150
+4025 y Fu(This)g(is)g(seman)m(tically)j(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)32
+b(to)390 4158 y Ft(>>)p Fj(word)46 b Ft(2>&1)275 4291
+y Fu(\(see)31 b(Duplicating)h(File)f(Descriptors)g(b)s(elo)m(w\).)150
+4488 y Fk(3.6.6)63 b(Here)41 b(Do)s(cumen)m(ts)150 4635
+y Fu(This)c(t)m(yp)s(e)h(of)f(redirection)i(instructs)e(the)h(shell)f
+(to)i(read)e(input)g(from)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f(source)h(un)m(til)g(a)
+150 4745 y(line)33 b(con)m(taining)g(only)g Fr(delimiter)39
+b Fu(\(with)32 b(no)g(trailing)i(blanks\))e(is)g(seen.)46
+b(All)33 b(of)f(the)h(lines)f(read)g(up)f(to)150 4854
+y(that)k(p)s(oin)m(t)f(are)g(then)g(used)g(as)g(the)g(standard)g(input)
+f(\(or)h(\014le)g(descriptor)g Fr(n)g Fu(if)g Fr(n)g
+Fu(is)g(sp)s(eci\014ed\))g(for)g(a)150 4964 y(command.)275
+5097 y(The)29 b(format)i(of)g(here-do)s(cumen)m(ts)f(is:)390
+5230 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]<<[)p Fq(\000)p Ft(])p Fj(word)772
+5340 y(here-document)p eop end
%%Page: 41 47
TeXDict begin 41 46 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
-b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(41)150 299
-y Fk(3.6.7)63 b(Here)41 b(Strings)150 446 y Fu(A)30 b(v)-5
-b(arian)m(t)32 b(of)e(here)h(do)s(cumen)m(ts,)f(the)g(format)h(is:)390
-600 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]<<<)46 b Fj(word)275 753 y Fu(The)29
-b Fr(w)m(ord)k Fu(undergo)s(es)c(tilde)i(expansion,)f(parameter)h(and)e
-(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(expansion,)f(command)g(sub-)150
-863 y(stitution,)f(arithmetic)f(expansion,)g(and)f(quote)h(remo)m(v)-5
+b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(41)390 299
+y Fj(delimiter)275 436 y Fu(No)32 b(parameter)h(and)f(v)-5
+b(ariable)32 b(expansion,)h(command)f(substitution,)h(arithmetic)g
+(expansion,)g(or)150 545 y(\014lename)e(expansion)f(is)g(p)s(erformed)f
+(on)h Fr(w)m(ord)p Fu(.)275 682 y(If)40 b(an)m(y)i(part)g(of)f
+Fr(w)m(ord)k Fu(is)c(quoted,)k(the)c Fr(delimiter)49
+b Fu(is)41 b(the)h(result)f(of)h(quote)g(remo)m(v)-5
+b(al)43 b(on)e Fr(w)m(ord)p Fu(,)150 791 y(and)d(the)h(lines)g(in)f
+(the)h(here-do)s(cumen)m(t)g(are)g(not)g(expanded.)65
+b(If)38 b Fr(w)m(ord)k Fu(is)d(unquoted,)h Fr(delimiter)46
+b Fu(is)150 901 y Fr(w)m(ord)32 b Fu(itself,)e(all)f(lines)g(of)g(the)g
+(here-do)s(cumen)m(t)f(are)h(sub)5 b(jected)29 b(to)g(parameter)g
+(expansion,)g(command)150 1011 y(substitution,)39 b(and)e(arithmetic)i
+(expansion,)g(the)f(c)m(haracter)h(sequence)e Ft(\\newline)f
+Fu(is)h(ignored,)j(and)150 1120 y(`)p Ft(\\)p Fu(')31
+b(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(used)f(to)i(quote)g(the)g(c)m(haracters)h(`)p
+Ft(\\)p Fu(',)e(`)p Ft($)p Fu(',)h(and)f(`)p Ft(`)p Fu('.)275
+1257 y(If)21 b(the)i(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g(is)f(`)p
+Ft(<<-)p Fu(',)i(then)e(all)h(leading)g(tab)g(c)m(haracters)h(are)e
+(stripp)s(ed)f(from)h(input)150 1366 y(lines)33 b(and)f(the)h(line)h
+(con)m(taining)g Fr(delimiter)p Fu(.)49 b(This)32 b(allo)m(ws)i
+(here-do)s(cumen)m(ts)f(within)f(shell)i(scripts)e(to)150
+1476 y(b)s(e)e(inden)m(ted)g(in)g(a)h(natural)f(fashion.)150
+1678 y Fk(3.6.7)63 b(Here)41 b(Strings)150 1824 y Fu(A)30
+b(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)32 b(of)e(here)h(do)s(cumen)m(ts,)f(the)g(format)h
+(is:)390 1961 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]<<<)46 b Fj(word)275
+2098 y Fu(The)29 b Fr(w)m(ord)k Fu(undergo)s(es)c(tilde)i(expansion,)f
+(parameter)h(and)e(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(expansion,)f(command)g(sub-)150
+2207 y(stitution,)f(arithmetic)f(expansion,)g(and)f(quote)h(remo)m(v)-5
b(al.)41 b(Filename)29 b(expansion)e(and)f(w)m(ord)h(splitting)150
-973 y(are)35 b(not)g(p)s(erformed.)51 b(The)34 b(result)h(is)g
+2317 y(are)35 b(not)g(p)s(erformed.)51 b(The)34 b(result)h(is)g
(supplied)e(as)i(a)f(single)i(string,)f(with)g(a)g(newline)f(app)s
-(ended,)g(to)150 1082 y(the)d(command)f(on)g(its)h(standard)e(input)h
+(ended,)g(to)150 2427 y(the)d(command)f(on)g(its)h(standard)e(input)h
(\(or)g(\014le)h(descriptor)f Fr(n)g Fu(if)g Fr(n)g Fu(is)h(sp)s
-(eci\014ed\).)150 1301 y Fk(3.6.8)63 b(Duplicating)41
-b(File)g(Descriptors)150 1448 y Fu(The)30 b(redirection)h(op)s(erator)
-390 1602 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]<&)p Fj(word)150 1755 y
+(eci\014ed\).)150 2628 y Fk(3.6.8)63 b(Duplicating)41
+b(File)g(Descriptors)150 2775 y Fu(The)30 b(redirection)h(op)s(erator)
+390 2912 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]<&)p Fj(word)150 3048 y
Fu(is)k(used)e(to)j(duplicate)f(input)f(\014le)g(descriptors.)53
b(If)34 b Fr(w)m(ord)k Fu(expands)c(to)h(one)g(or)g(more)g(digits,)h
-(the)f(\014le)150 1865 y(descriptor)e(denoted)h(b)m(y)f
+(the)f(\014le)150 3158 y(descriptor)e(denoted)h(b)m(y)f
Fr(n)g Fu(is)g(made)h(to)g(b)s(e)f(a)g(cop)m(y)h(of)g(that)g(\014le)f
(descriptor.)50 b(If)33 b(the)h(digits)g(in)f Fr(w)m(ord)150
-1975 y Fu(do)c(not)h(sp)s(ecify)f(a)h(\014le)f(descriptor)g(op)s(en)g
+3268 y Fu(do)c(not)h(sp)s(ecify)f(a)h(\014le)f(descriptor)g(op)s(en)g
(for)g(input,)g(a)h(redirection)g(error)f(o)s(ccurs.)40
-b(If)29 b Fr(w)m(ord)j Fu(ev)-5 b(aluates)150 2084 y(to)31
+b(If)29 b Fr(w)m(ord)j Fu(ev)-5 b(aluates)150 3377 y(to)31
b(`)p Ft(-)p Fu(',)g(\014le)g(descriptor)g Fr(n)f Fu(is)g(closed.)43
b(If)30 b Fr(n)g Fu(is)g(not)h(sp)s(eci\014ed,)f(the)h(standard)f
-(input)g(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f(0\))150 2194 y(is)g(used.)275
-2348 y(The)f(op)s(erator)390 2502 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]>&)p
-Fj(word)150 2655 y Fu(is)40 b(used)g(similarly)h(to)g(duplicate)f
+(input)g(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f(0\))150 3487 y(is)g(used.)275
+3623 y(The)f(op)s(erator)390 3760 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]>&)p
+Fj(word)150 3897 y Fu(is)40 b(used)g(similarly)h(to)g(duplicate)f
(output)g(\014le)h(descriptors.)70 b(If)40 b Fr(n)f Fu(is)i(not)f(sp)s
-(eci\014ed,)i(the)f(standard)150 2765 y(output)30 b(\(\014le)g
+(eci\014ed,)i(the)f(standard)150 4006 y(output)30 b(\(\014le)g
(descriptor)g(1\))h(is)f(used.)39 b(If)30 b(the)g(digits)h(in)e
Fr(w)m(ord)34 b Fu(do)29 b(not)i(sp)s(ecify)e(a)i(\014le)f(descriptor)g
-(op)s(en)150 2875 y(for)35 b(output,)h(a)g(redirection)g(error)e(o)s
+(op)s(en)150 4116 y(for)35 b(output,)h(a)g(redirection)g(error)e(o)s
(ccurs.)55 b(If)35 b Fr(w)m(ord)j Fu(ev)-5 b(aluates)37
b(to)f(`)p Ft(-)p Fu(',)h(\014le)e(descriptor)g Fr(n)g
-Fu(is)g(closed.)150 2984 y(As)f(a)g(sp)s(ecial)h(case,)h(if)e
+Fu(is)g(closed.)150 4226 y(As)f(a)g(sp)s(ecial)h(case,)h(if)e
Fr(n)f Fu(is)h(omitted,)i(and)e Fr(w)m(ord)j Fu(do)s(es)d(not)g(expand)
f(to)i(one)f(or)g(more)g(digits)h(or)f(`)p Ft(-)p Fu(',)150
-3094 y(the)d(standard)e(output)h(and)g(standard)f(error)h(are)h
+4335 y(the)d(standard)e(output)h(and)g(standard)f(error)h(are)h
(redirected)g(as)g(describ)s(ed)e(previously)-8 b(.)150
-3312 y Fk(3.6.9)63 b(Mo)m(ving)41 b(File)h(Descriptors)150
-3459 y Fu(The)30 b(redirection)h(op)s(erator)390 3613
-y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]<&)p Fj(digit)p Ft(-)150 3767 y Fu(mo)m(v)m(es)i
+4537 y Fk(3.6.9)63 b(Mo)m(ving)41 b(File)h(Descriptors)150
+4684 y Fu(The)30 b(redirection)h(op)s(erator)390 4820
+y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]<&)p Fj(digit)p Ft(-)150 4957 y Fu(mo)m(v)m(es)i
(the)f(\014le)g(descriptor)f Fr(digit)k Fu(to)d(\014le)g(descriptor)g
Fr(n)p Fu(,)f(or)h(the)g(standard)f(input)f(\(\014le)j(descriptor)e
-(0\))150 3876 y(if)f Fr(n)g Fu(is)h(not)f(sp)s(eci\014ed.)40
+(0\))150 5067 y(if)f Fr(n)g Fu(is)h(not)f(sp)s(eci\014ed.)40
b Fr(digit)33 b Fu(is)e(closed)g(after)g(b)s(eing)f(duplicated)g(to)h
-Fr(n)p Fu(.)275 4030 y(Similarly)-8 b(,)31 b(the)f(redirection)h(op)s
-(erator)390 4184 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]>&)p Fj(digit)p
-Ft(-)150 4338 y Fu(mo)m(v)m(es)e(the)g(\014le)f(descriptor)f
-Fr(digit)k Fu(to)e(\014le)f(descriptor)g Fr(n)p Fu(,)g(or)g(the)g
-(standard)f(output)h(\(\014le)g(descriptor)g(1\))150
-4448 y(if)i Fr(n)g Fu(is)h(not)f(sp)s(eci\014ed.)150
-4666 y Fk(3.6.10)63 b(Op)s(ening)42 b(File)g(Descriptors)g(for)g
-(Reading)e(and)h(W)-10 b(riting)150 4813 y Fu(The)30
-b(redirection)h(op)s(erator)390 4967 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p
-Ft(]<>)p Fj(word)150 5121 y Fu(causes)39 b(the)g(\014le)g(whose)g(name)
-g(is)g(the)g(expansion)g(of)g Fr(w)m(ord)j Fu(to)d(b)s(e)g(op)s(ened)f
-(for)g(b)s(oth)h(reading)g(and)150 5230 y(writing)33
-b(on)f(\014le)h(descriptor)f Fr(n)p Fu(,)h(or)g(on)f(\014le)h
-(descriptor)g(0)g(if)f Fr(n)g Fu(is)h(not)g(sp)s(eci\014ed.)47
-b(If)32 b(the)h(\014le)f(do)s(es)h(not)150 5340 y(exist,)e(it)g(is)g
-(created.)p eop end
+Fr(n)p Fu(.)275 5203 y(Similarly)-8 b(,)31 b(the)f(redirection)h(op)s
+(erator)390 5340 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]>&)p Fj(digit)p
+Ft(-)p eop end
%%Page: 42 48
TeXDict begin 42 47 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(42)150 299
-y Fs(3.7)68 b(Executing)46 b(Commands)150 523 y Fk(3.7.1)63
-b(Simple)41 b(Command)h(Expansion)150 670 y Fu(When)33
+y(mo)m(v)m(es)29 b(the)g(\014le)f(descriptor)f Fr(digit)k
+Fu(to)e(\014le)f(descriptor)g Fr(n)p Fu(,)g(or)g(the)g(standard)f
+(output)h(\(\014le)g(descriptor)g(1\))150 408 y(if)i
+Fr(n)g Fu(is)h(not)f(sp)s(eci\014ed.)150 625 y Fk(3.6.10)63
+b(Op)s(ening)42 b(File)g(Descriptors)g(for)g(Reading)e(and)h(W)-10
+b(riting)150 772 y Fu(The)30 b(redirection)h(op)s(erator)390
+924 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]<>)p Fj(word)150 1076 y Fu(causes)39
+b(the)g(\014le)g(whose)g(name)g(is)g(the)g(expansion)g(of)g
+Fr(w)m(ord)j Fu(to)d(b)s(e)g(op)s(ened)f(for)g(b)s(oth)h(reading)g(and)
+150 1185 y(writing)33 b(on)f(\014le)h(descriptor)f Fr(n)p
+Fu(,)h(or)g(on)f(\014le)h(descriptor)g(0)g(if)f Fr(n)g
+Fu(is)h(not)g(sp)s(eci\014ed.)47 b(If)32 b(the)h(\014le)f(do)s(es)h
+(not)150 1295 y(exist,)e(it)g(is)g(created.)150 1562
+y Fs(3.7)68 b(Executing)46 b(Commands)150 1786 y Fk(3.7.1)63
+b(Simple)41 b(Command)h(Expansion)150 1933 y Fu(When)33
b(a)g(simple)g(command)g(is)g(executed,)h(the)g(shell)f(p)s(erforms)e
-(the)i(follo)m(wing)i(expansions,)e(assign-)150 779 y(men)m(ts,)e(and)f
-(redirections,)h(from)f(left)h(to)g(righ)m(t,)g(in)f(the)h(follo)m
-(wing)h(order.)199 913 y(1.)61 b(The)38 b(w)m(ords)f(that)i(the)g
-(parser)e(has)h(mark)m(ed)g(as)h(v)-5 b(ariable)39 b(assignmen)m(ts)g
-(\(those)g(preceding)f(the)330 1023 y(command)30 b(name\))h(and)f
-(redirections)h(are)f(sa)m(v)m(ed)i(for)e(later)h(pro)s(cessing.)199
-1157 y(2.)61 b(The)39 b(w)m(ords)g(that)i(are)f(not)g(v)-5
-b(ariable)40 b(assignmen)m(ts)h(or)e(redirections)i(are)f(expanded)f
-(\(see)h(Sec-)330 1267 y(tion)d(3.5)i([Shell)e(Expansions],)h(page)g
-(24\).)61 b(If)37 b(an)m(y)g(w)m(ords)f(remain)h(after)h(expansion,)h
-(the)e(\014rst)330 1376 y(w)m(ord)31 b(is)g(tak)m(en)h(to)g(b)s(e)f
-(the)g(name)h(of)f(the)h(command)f(and)f(the)i(remaining)f(w)m(ords)g
-(are)g(the)h(argu-)330 1486 y(men)m(ts.)199 1620 y(3.)61
-b(Redirections)25 b(are)f(p)s(erformed)f(as)h(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m
-(v)m(e)i(\(see)g(Section)g(3.6)g([Redirections],)i(page)d(38\).)199
-1754 y(4.)61 b(The)25 b(text)h(after)f(the)g(`)p Ft(=)p
-Fu(')h(in)e(eac)m(h)j(v)-5 b(ariable)25 b(assignmen)m(t)h(undergo)s(es)
-e(tilde)i(expansion,)g(parameter)330 1864 y(expansion,)49
-b(command)d(substitution,)j(arithmetic)d(expansion,)k(and)45
-b(quote)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)46 b(b)s(efore)330 1973 y(b)s(eing)30
-b(assigned)h(to)g(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable.)275 2132 y(If)32
-b(no)i(command)f(name)g(results,)h(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable)34
-b(assignmen)m(ts)g(a\013ect)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f(shell)h(en)m(viron-)
-150 2242 y(men)m(t.)68 b(In)38 b(the)h(case)i(of)e(suc)m(h)g(a)g
-(command)g(\(one)h(that)g(consists)g(only)f(of)g(assignmen)m(t)h
-(statemen)m(ts)150 2351 y(and)27 b(redirections\),)i(assignmen)m(t)g
+(the)i(follo)m(wing)i(expansions,)e(assign-)150 2043
+y(men)m(ts,)e(and)f(redirections,)h(from)f(left)h(to)g(righ)m(t,)g(in)f
+(the)h(follo)m(wing)h(order.)199 2194 y(1.)61 b(The)38
+b(w)m(ords)f(that)i(the)g(parser)e(has)h(mark)m(ed)g(as)h(v)-5
+b(ariable)39 b(assignmen)m(ts)g(\(those)g(preceding)f(the)330
+2304 y(command)30 b(name\))h(and)f(redirections)h(are)f(sa)m(v)m(ed)i
+(for)e(later)h(pro)s(cessing.)199 2447 y(2.)61 b(The)39
+b(w)m(ords)g(that)i(are)f(not)g(v)-5 b(ariable)40 b(assignmen)m(ts)h
+(or)e(redirections)i(are)f(expanded)f(\(see)h(Sec-)330
+2557 y(tion)d(3.5)i([Shell)e(Expansions],)h(page)g(24\).)61
+b(If)37 b(an)m(y)g(w)m(ords)f(remain)h(after)h(expansion,)h(the)e
+(\014rst)330 2666 y(w)m(ord)31 b(is)g(tak)m(en)h(to)g(b)s(e)f(the)g
+(name)h(of)f(the)h(command)f(and)f(the)i(remaining)f(w)m(ords)g(are)g
+(the)h(argu-)330 2776 y(men)m(ts.)199 2919 y(3.)61 b(Redirections)25
+b(are)f(p)s(erformed)f(as)h(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(\(see)g
+(Section)g(3.6)g([Redirections],)i(page)d(38\).)199 3062
+y(4.)61 b(The)25 b(text)h(after)f(the)g(`)p Ft(=)p Fu(')h(in)e(eac)m(h)
+j(v)-5 b(ariable)25 b(assignmen)m(t)h(undergo)s(es)e(tilde)i
+(expansion,)g(parameter)330 3172 y(expansion,)49 b(command)d
+(substitution,)j(arithmetic)d(expansion,)k(and)45 b(quote)h(remo)m(v)-5
+b(al)46 b(b)s(efore)330 3282 y(b)s(eing)30 b(assigned)h(to)g(the)f(v)-5
+b(ariable.)275 3467 y(If)32 b(no)i(command)f(name)g(results,)h(the)g(v)
+-5 b(ariable)34 b(assignmen)m(ts)g(a\013ect)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f(shell)
+h(en)m(viron-)150 3577 y(men)m(t.)68 b(In)38 b(the)h(case)i(of)e(suc)m
+(h)g(a)g(command)g(\(one)h(that)g(consists)g(only)f(of)g(assignmen)m(t)
+h(statemen)m(ts)150 3686 y(and)27 b(redirections\),)i(assignmen)m(t)g
(statemen)m(ts)g(are)f(p)s(erformed)e(b)s(efore)h(redirections.)41
-b(Otherwise,)28 b(the)150 2461 y(v)-5 b(ariables)27 b(are)g(added)e(to)
+b(Otherwise,)28 b(the)150 3796 y(v)-5 b(ariables)27 b(are)g(added)e(to)
i(the)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(of)f(the)h(executed)g(command)f(and)g(do)g
-(not)h(a\013ect)h(the)e(cur-)150 2570 y(ren)m(t)32 b(shell)f(en)m
+(not)h(a\013ect)h(the)e(cur-)150 3905 y(ren)m(t)32 b(shell)f(en)m
(vironmen)m(t.)44 b(If)31 b(an)m(y)g(of)h(the)f(assignmen)m(ts)h
(attempts)g(to)g(assign)g(a)f(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(to)g(a)g(readonly)150
-2680 y(v)-5 b(ariable,)31 b(an)g(error)f(o)s(ccurs,)g(and)g(the)g
+4015 y(v)-5 b(ariable,)31 b(an)g(error)f(o)s(ccurs,)g(and)g(the)g
(command)g(exits)i(with)e(a)g(non-zero)h(status.)275
-2814 y(If)i(no)g(command)g(name)h(results,)g(redirections)g(are)g(p)s
+4167 y(If)i(no)g(command)g(name)h(results,)g(redirections)g(are)g(p)s
(erformed,)f(but)g(do)h(not)f(a\013ect)i(the)f(curren)m(t)150
-2924 y(shell)d(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)41 b(A)30 b(redirection)h(error)f
+4277 y(shell)d(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)41 b(A)30 b(redirection)h(error)f
(causes)h(the)g(command)f(to)h(exit)g(with)f(a)h(non-zero)g(status.)275
-3058 y(If)26 b(there)i(is)f(a)h(command)f(name)h(left)g(after)g
+4428 y(If)26 b(there)i(is)f(a)h(command)f(name)h(left)g(after)g
(expansion,)g(execution)h(pro)s(ceeds)e(as)g(describ)s(ed)f(b)s(elo)m
-(w.)150 3167 y(Otherwise,)39 b(the)e(command)g(exits.)62
+(w.)150 4538 y(Otherwise,)39 b(the)e(command)g(exits.)62
b(If)37 b(one)g(of)g(the)h(expansions)f(con)m(tained)h(a)g(command)f
-(substitu-)150 3277 y(tion,)i(the)d(exit)h(status)g(of)f(the)h(command)
+(substitu-)150 4648 y(tion,)i(the)d(exit)h(status)g(of)f(the)h(command)
f(is)h(the)f(exit)h(status)g(of)f(the)h(last)g(command)f(substitution)
-150 3387 y(p)s(erformed.)55 b(If)35 b(there)g(w)m(ere)h(no)g(command)f
+150 4757 y(p)s(erformed.)55 b(If)35 b(there)g(w)m(ere)h(no)g(command)f
(substitutions,)i(the)e(command)h(exits)g(with)f(a)h(status)g(of)150
-3496 y(zero.)150 3695 y Fk(3.7.2)63 b(Command)41 b(Searc)m(h)f(and)h
-(Execution)150 3842 y Fu(After)i(a)h(command)f(has)g(b)s(een)f(split)h
+4867 y(zero.)150 5083 y Fk(3.7.2)63 b(Command)41 b(Searc)m(h)f(and)h
+(Execution)150 5230 y Fu(After)i(a)h(command)f(has)g(b)s(een)f(split)h
(in)m(to)h(w)m(ords,)j(if)c(it)g(results)g(in)g(a)h(simple)f(command)g
-(and)f(an)150 3951 y(optional)32 b(list)f(of)f(argumen)m(ts,)h(the)g
-(follo)m(wing)g(actions)h(are)f(tak)m(en.)199 4085 y(1.)61
-b(If)24 b(the)g(command)g(name)g(con)m(tains)i(no)e(slashes,)i(the)e
-(shell)h(attempts)g(to)g(lo)s(cate)h(it.)39 b(If)24 b(there)g(exists)
-330 4195 y(a)h(shell)g(function)f(b)m(y)g(that)h(name,)h(that)f
-(function)f(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(as)e(describ)s(ed)g(in)g(Section)h
-(3.3)h([Shell)330 4305 y(F)-8 b(unctions],)31 b(page)h(19.)199
-4439 y(2.)61 b(If)41 b(the)g(name)h(do)s(es)f(not)g(matc)m(h)i(a)e
-(function,)j(the)e(shell)f(searc)m(hes)i(for)e(it)h(in)f(the)g(list)h
-(of)g(shell)330 4548 y(builtins.)e(If)30 b(a)h(matc)m(h)g(is)f(found,)g
-(that)h(builtin)f(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)199 4682 y(3.)61
-b(If)40 b(the)g(name)h(is)f(neither)h(a)f(shell)h(function)f(nor)g(a)g
-(builtin,)j(and)d(con)m(tains)h(no)g(slashes,)i(Bash)330
-4792 y(searc)m(hes)c(eac)m(h)g(elemen)m(t)g(of)g Ft($PATH)d
-Fu(for)i(a)g(directory)h(con)m(taining)g(an)f(executable)h(\014le)f(b)m
-(y)g(that)330 4902 y(name.)56 b(Bash)36 b(uses)f(a)h(hash)e(table)j(to)
-f(remem)m(b)s(er)f(the)h(full)f(pathnames)g(of)h(executable)h(\014les)e
-(to)330 5011 y(a)m(v)m(oid)e(m)m(ultiple)f Ft(PATH)f
-Fu(searc)m(hes)i(\(see)f(the)g(description)g(of)f Ft(hash)g
-Fu(in)g(Section)i(4.1)f([Bourne)g(Shell)330 5121 y(Builtins],)37
-b(page)f(48\).)55 b(A)35 b(full)g(searc)m(h)g(of)g(the)g(directories)h
-(in)f Ft($PATH)e Fu(is)i(p)s(erformed)f(only)h(if)g(the)330
-5230 y(command)24 b(is)h(not)g(found)e(in)i(the)g(hash)f(table.)39
-b(If)25 b(the)f(searc)m(h)i(is)e(unsuccessful,)h(the)g(shell)g(searc)m
-(hes)330 5340 y(for)e(a)h(de\014ned)e(shell)h(function)h(named)e
-Ft(command_not_found_handle)p Fu(.)32 b(If)23 b(that)h(function)f
-(exists,)p eop end
+(and)f(an)150 5340 y(optional)32 b(list)f(of)f(argumen)m(ts,)h(the)g
+(shell)f(p)s(erforms)f(the)i(follo)m(wing)g(actions.)p
+eop end
%%Page: 43 49
TeXDict begin 43 48 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
-b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(43)330 299
-y(it)33 b(is)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(in)e(a)h(separate)h(execution)f(en)m
-(vironmen)m(t)g(with)f(the)h(original)h(command)e(and)g(the)330
-408 y(original)26 b(command's)e(argumen)m(ts)h(as)g(its)g(argumen)m
-(ts,)h(and)e(the)h(function's)f(exit)i(status)f(b)s(ecomes)330
-518 y(the)j(exit)g(status)g(of)f(that)h(subshell.)39
-b(If)27 b(that)h(function)f(is)h(not)g(de\014ned,)f(the)g(shell)h(prin)
-m(ts)f(an)g(error)330 628 y(message)k(and)f(returns)f(an)i(exit)g
-(status)g(of)f(127.)199 759 y(4.)61 b(If)33 b(the)g(searc)m(h)h(is)g
-(successful,)g(or)f(if)g(the)h(command)f(name)g(con)m(tains)i(one)f(or)
-f(more)g(slashes,)i(the)330 868 y(shell)g(executes)h(the)f(named)f
-(program)g(in)h(a)g(separate)h(execution)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)55
-b(Argumen)m(t)35 b(0)330 978 y(is)30 b(set)h(to)h(the)e(name)h(giv)m
-(en,)g(and)f(the)h(remaining)f(argumen)m(ts)h(to)g(the)g(command)f(are)
-h(set)g(to)g(the)330 1087 y(argumen)m(ts)g(supplied,)e(if)h(an)m(y)-8
-b(.)199 1218 y(5.)61 b(If)35 b(this)h(execution)h(fails)f(b)s(ecause)g
+b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(43)199 299
+y(1.)61 b(If)24 b(the)g(command)g(name)g(con)m(tains)i(no)e(slashes,)i
+(the)e(shell)h(attempts)g(to)g(lo)s(cate)h(it.)39 b(If)24
+b(there)g(exists)330 408 y(a)h(shell)g(function)f(b)m(y)g(that)h(name,)
+h(that)f(function)f(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(as)e(describ)s(ed)g(in)g
+(Section)h(3.3)h([Shell)330 518 y(F)-8 b(unctions],)31
+b(page)h(19.)199 649 y(2.)61 b(If)41 b(the)g(name)h(do)s(es)f(not)g
+(matc)m(h)i(a)e(function,)j(the)e(shell)f(searc)m(hes)i(for)e(it)h(in)f
+(the)g(list)h(of)g(shell)330 758 y(builtins.)e(If)30
+b(a)h(matc)m(h)g(is)f(found,)g(that)h(builtin)f(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)
+199 889 y(3.)61 b(If)40 b(the)g(name)h(is)f(neither)h(a)f(shell)h
+(function)f(nor)g(a)g(builtin,)j(and)d(con)m(tains)h(no)g(slashes,)i
+(Bash)330 999 y(searc)m(hes)c(eac)m(h)g(elemen)m(t)g(of)g
+Ft($PATH)d Fu(for)i(a)g(directory)h(con)m(taining)g(an)f(executable)h
+(\014le)f(b)m(y)g(that)330 1108 y(name.)56 b(Bash)36
+b(uses)f(a)h(hash)e(table)j(to)f(remem)m(b)s(er)f(the)h(full)f
+(pathnames)g(of)h(executable)h(\014les)e(to)330 1218
+y(a)m(v)m(oid)e(m)m(ultiple)f Ft(PATH)f Fu(searc)m(hes)i(\(see)f(the)g
+(description)g(of)f Ft(hash)g Fu(in)g(Section)i(4.1)f([Bourne)g(Shell)
+330 1328 y(Builtins],)37 b(page)f(48\).)55 b(A)35 b(full)g(searc)m(h)g
+(of)g(the)g(directories)h(in)f Ft($PATH)e Fu(is)i(p)s(erformed)f(only)h
+(if)g(the)330 1437 y(command)24 b(is)h(not)g(found)e(in)i(the)g(hash)f
+(table.)39 b(If)25 b(the)f(searc)m(h)i(is)e(unsuccessful,)h(the)g
+(shell)g(searc)m(hes)330 1547 y(for)e(a)h(de\014ned)e(shell)h(function)
+h(named)e Ft(command_not_found_handle)p Fu(.)32 b(If)23
+b(that)h(function)f(exists,)330 1656 y(it)33 b(is)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i
+(in)e(a)h(separate)h(execution)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(with)f(the)h
+(original)h(command)e(and)g(the)330 1766 y(original)26
+b(command's)e(argumen)m(ts)h(as)g(its)g(argumen)m(ts,)h(and)e(the)h
+(function's)f(exit)i(status)f(b)s(ecomes)330 1876 y(the)j(exit)g
+(status)g(of)f(that)h(subshell.)39 b(If)27 b(that)h(function)f(is)h
+(not)g(de\014ned,)f(the)g(shell)h(prin)m(ts)f(an)g(error)330
+1985 y(message)k(and)f(returns)f(an)i(exit)g(status)g(of)f(127.)199
+2116 y(4.)61 b(If)33 b(the)g(searc)m(h)h(is)g(successful,)g(or)f(if)g
+(the)h(command)f(name)g(con)m(tains)i(one)f(or)f(more)g(slashes,)i(the)
+330 2226 y(shell)g(executes)h(the)f(named)f(program)g(in)h(a)g
+(separate)h(execution)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)55 b(Argumen)m(t)35
+b(0)330 2335 y(is)30 b(set)h(to)h(the)e(name)h(giv)m(en,)g(and)f(the)h
+(remaining)f(argumen)m(ts)h(to)g(the)g(command)f(are)h(set)g(to)g(the)
+330 2445 y(argumen)m(ts)g(supplied,)e(if)h(an)m(y)-8
+b(.)199 2576 y(5.)61 b(If)35 b(this)h(execution)h(fails)f(b)s(ecause)g
(the)f(\014le)h(is)g(not)g(in)f(executable)j(format,)f(and)e(the)h
-(\014le)g(is)g(not)330 1328 y(a)d(directory)-8 b(,)34
+(\014le)g(is)g(not)330 2685 y(a)d(directory)-8 b(,)34
b(it)f(is)g(assumed)e(to)j(b)s(e)d(a)i Fr(shell)g(script)h
Fu(and)e(the)h(shell)f(executes)i(it)f(as)g(describ)s(ed)e(in)330
-1438 y(Section)g(3.8)h([Shell)e(Scripts],)g(page)i(46.)199
-1569 y(6.)61 b(If)38 b(the)h(command)f(w)m(as)h(not)g(b)s(egun)e(async)
+2795 y(Section)g(3.8)h([Shell)e(Scripts],)g(page)i(46.)199
+2926 y(6.)61 b(If)38 b(the)h(command)f(w)m(as)h(not)g(b)s(egun)e(async)
m(hronously)-8 b(,)42 b(the)c(shell)h(w)m(aits)h(for)e(the)h(command)f
-(to)330 1678 y(complete)32 b(and)e(collects)i(its)f(exit)g(status.)150
-1870 y Fk(3.7.3)63 b(Command)41 b(Execution)f(En)m(vironmen)m(t)150
-2017 y Fu(The)30 b(shell)g(has)h(an)f Fr(execution)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)
+(to)330 3035 y(complete)32 b(and)e(collects)i(its)f(exit)g(status.)150
+3227 y Fk(3.7.3)63 b(Command)41 b(Execution)f(En)m(vironmen)m(t)150
+3374 y Fu(The)30 b(shell)g(has)h(an)f Fr(execution)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)
p Fu(,)h(whic)m(h)e(consists)h(of)f(the)h(follo)m(wing:)225
-2148 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(op)s(en)32 b(\014les)g(inherited)g(b)m(y)h(the)f
+3505 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(op)s(en)32 b(\014les)g(inherited)g(b)m(y)h(the)f
(shell)h(at)g(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation,)j(as)c(mo)s(di\014ed)g(b)m(y)g
-(redirections)h(supplied)e(to)330 2258 y(the)g Ft(exec)e
-Fu(builtin)225 2389 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)28 b(curren)m(t)g(w)m(orking)
+(redirections)h(supplied)e(to)330 3615 y(the)g Ft(exec)e
+Fu(builtin)225 3745 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)28 b(curren)m(t)g(w)m(orking)
h(directory)g(as)f(set)h(b)m(y)f Ft(cd)p Fu(,)g Ft(pushd)p
Fu(,)g(or)g Ft(popd)p Fu(,)g(or)g(inherited)g(b)m(y)g(the)h(shell)f(at)
-330 2498 y(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)225 2629 y Fq(\017)60
+330 3855 y(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)225 3986 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(the)31 b(\014le)f(creation)i(mo)s(de)e(mask)g(as)h(set)g(b)m(y)f
Ft(umask)f Fu(or)h(inherited)g(from)g(the)h(shell's)f(paren)m(t)225
-2760 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(curren)m(t)30 b(traps)g(set)h(b)m(y)f
-Ft(trap)225 2891 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(shell)30 b(parameters)f(that)h(are)g
+4117 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(curren)m(t)30 b(traps)g(set)h(b)m(y)f
+Ft(trap)225 4247 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(shell)30 b(parameters)f(that)h(are)g
(set)g(b)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)30 b(assignmen)m(t)g(or)g(with)f
-Ft(set)f Fu(or)i(inherited)f(from)g(the)330 3001 y(shell's)i(paren)m(t)
-f(in)g(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)225 3132 y Fq(\017)60
+Ft(set)f Fu(or)i(inherited)f(from)g(the)330 4357 y(shell's)i(paren)m(t)
+f(in)g(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)225 4488 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(shell)44 b(functions)f(de\014ned)f(during)h(execution)i(or)e
(inherited)h(from)f(the)h(shell's)g(paren)m(t)f(in)h(the)330
-3242 y(en)m(vironmen)m(t)225 3373 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(options)33
+4597 y(en)m(vironmen)m(t)225 4728 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(options)33
b(enabled)g(at)h(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)h(\(either)f(b)m(y)f(default)g(or)
-g(with)g(command-line)g(argumen)m(ts\))h(or)330 3482
-y(b)m(y)c Ft(set)225 3613 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(options)31
+g(with)g(command-line)g(argumen)m(ts\))h(or)330 4838
+y(b)m(y)c Ft(set)225 4969 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(options)31
b(enabled)f(b)m(y)g Ft(shopt)f Fu(\(see)j(Section)f(4.3.2)h([The)e
-(Shopt)g(Builtin],)h(page)g(71\))225 3744 y Fq(\017)60
+(Shopt)g(Builtin],)h(page)g(71\))225 5100 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(shell)31 b(aliases)g(de\014ned)f(with)g Ft(alias)f
-Fu(\(see)i(Section)g(6.6)h([Aliases],)g(page)f(100\))225
-3875 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(v)-5 b(arious)50 b(pro)s(cess)f
+Fu(\(see)i(Section)g(6.6)h([Aliases],)g(page)f(101\))225
+5230 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(v)-5 b(arious)50 b(pro)s(cess)f
Fm(id)p Fu(s,)55 b(including)49 b(those)i(of)e(bac)m(kground)h(jobs)f
-(\(see)i(Section)g(3.2.4)g([Lists],)330 3985 y(page)31
+(\(see)i(Section)g(3.2.4)g([Lists],)330 5340 y(page)31
b(10\),)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(of)h Ft($$)p Fu(,)f(and)g(the)g(v)-5
-b(alue)31 b(of)g Ft($PPID)275 4137 y Fu(When)j(a)g(simple)h(command)f
-(other)g(than)g(a)h(builtin)f(or)g(shell)h(function)f(is)g(to)h(b)s(e)f
-(executed,)i(it)f(is)150 4247 y(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)25 b(in)f(a)g
-(separate)h(execution)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(that)f(consists)g(of)h(the)
-f(follo)m(wing.)40 b(Unless)24 b(otherwise)150 4356 y(noted,)31
-b(the)f(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(are)g(inherited)f(from)g(the)g(shell.)225
-4487 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)31 b(shell's)h(op)s(en)e(\014les,)i(plus)e
+b(alue)31 b(of)g Ft($PPID)p eop end
+%%Page: 44 50
+TeXDict begin 44 49 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
+b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(44)275 299
+y(When)34 b(a)g(simple)h(command)f(other)g(than)g(a)h(builtin)f(or)g
+(shell)h(function)f(is)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(executed,)i(it)f(is)150
+408 y(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)25 b(in)f(a)g(separate)h(execution)g(en)m
+(vironmen)m(t)g(that)f(consists)g(of)h(the)f(follo)m(wing.)40
+b(Unless)24 b(otherwise)150 518 y(noted,)31 b(the)f(v)-5
+b(alues)31 b(are)g(inherited)f(from)g(the)g(shell.)225
+650 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)31 b(shell's)h(op)s(en)e(\014les,)i(plus)e
(an)m(y)h(mo)s(di\014cations)h(and)e(additions)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(b)m
-(y)g(redirections)g(to)330 4597 y(the)g(command)225 4728
+(y)g(redirections)g(to)330 760 y(the)g(command)225 892
y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)31 b(curren)m(t)f(w)m(orking)g(directory)225
-4859 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)31 b(\014le)f(creation)i(mo)s(de)e(mask)225
-4990 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(shell)32 b(v)-5 b(ariables)33
+1024 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)31 b(\014le)f(creation)i(mo)s(de)e(mask)225
+1156 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(shell)32 b(v)-5 b(ariables)33
b(and)e(functions)h(mark)m(ed)g(for)g(exp)s(ort,)g(along)h(with)f(v)-5
-b(ariables)32 b(exp)s(orted)g(for)g(the)330 5099 y(command,)e(passed)g
+b(ariables)32 b(exp)s(orted)g(for)g(the)330 1266 y(command,)e(passed)g
(in)g(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(\(see)g(Section)g(3.7.4)i([En)m
-(vironmen)m(t],)e(page)g(44\))225 5230 y Fq(\017)60 b
+(vironmen)m(t],)e(page)g(44\))225 1398 y Fq(\017)60 b
Fu(traps)31 b(caugh)m(t)h(b)m(y)f(the)g(shell)h(are)f(reset)h(to)g(the)
f(v)-5 b(alues)32 b(inherited)e(from)h(the)g(shell's)h(paren)m(t,)g
-(and)330 5340 y(traps)e(ignored)h(b)m(y)f(the)g(shell)h(are)g(ignored)p
-eop end
-%%Page: 44 50
-TeXDict begin 44 49 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
-b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(44)275 299
-y(A)41 b(command)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(in)e(this)h(separate)g(en)m
-(vironmen)m(t)g(cannot)g(a\013ect)h(the)f(shell's)g(execution)150
-408 y(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)275 540 y(A)30 b Fr(subshell)j
+(and)330 1508 y(traps)e(ignored)h(b)m(y)f(the)g(shell)h(are)g(ignored)
+275 1662 y(A)41 b(command)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(in)e(this)h(separate)g
+(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(cannot)g(a\013ect)h(the)f(shell's)g(execution)150
+1772 y(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)275 1904 y(A)30 b Fr(subshell)j
Fu(is)d(a)h(cop)m(y)g(of)g(the)f(shell)h(pro)s(cess.)275
-671 y(Command)k(substitution,)j(commands)e(group)s(ed)f(with)i(paren)m
-(theses,)h(and)e(async)m(hronous)g(com-)150 781 y(mands)c(are)h(in)m(v)
-m(ok)m(ed)i(in)d(a)i(subshell)e(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(that)h(is)f(a)g
+2036 y(Command)k(substitution,)j(commands)e(group)s(ed)f(with)i(paren)m
+(theses,)h(and)e(async)m(hronous)g(com-)150 2146 y(mands)c(are)h(in)m
+(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(in)d(a)i(subshell)e(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(that)h(is)f(a)g
(duplicate)h(of)f(the)g(shell)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)150
-891 y(except)i(that)g(traps)f(caugh)m(t)h(b)m(y)f(the)h(shell)f(are)g
+2255 y(except)i(that)g(traps)f(caugh)m(t)h(b)m(y)f(the)h(shell)f(are)g
(reset)h(to)g(the)f(v)-5 b(alues)35 b(that)g(the)f(shell)h(inherited)e
-(from)150 1000 y(its)g(paren)m(t)f(at)h(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation.)49
+(from)150 2365 y(its)g(paren)m(t)f(at)h(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation.)49
b(Builtin)32 b(commands)g(that)h(are)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(as)e(part)g
-(of)h(a)f(pip)s(eline)g(are)h(also)150 1110 y(executed)41
+(of)h(a)f(pip)s(eline)g(are)h(also)150 2475 y(executed)41
b(in)f(a)h(subshell)e(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)72 b(Changes)40
b(made)g(to)h(the)g(subshell)e(en)m(vironmen)m(t)i(cannot)150
-1219 y(a\013ect)32 b(the)f(shell's)f(execution)i(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)275
-1351 y(Subshells)c(spa)m(wned)i(to)h(execute)g(command)f(substitutions)
+2584 y(a\013ect)32 b(the)f(shell's)f(execution)i(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)275
+2716 y(Subshells)c(spa)m(wned)i(to)h(execute)g(command)f(substitutions)
g(inherit)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f(the)h Ft(-e)e
-Fu(option)150 1460 y(from)23 b(the)i(paren)m(t)f(shell.)38
+Fu(option)150 2826 y(from)23 b(the)i(paren)m(t)f(shell.)38
b(When)24 b(not)g(in)g Fm(posix)f Fu(mo)s(de,)i(Bash)f(clears)h(the)f
-Ft(-e)f Fu(option)i(in)e(suc)m(h)h(subshells.)275 1592
+Ft(-e)f Fu(option)i(in)e(suc)m(h)h(subshells.)275 2958
y(If)f(a)h(command)g(is)g(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)m(y)f(a)g(`)p
Ft(&)p Fu(')g(and)f(job)h(con)m(trol)h(is)f(not)g(activ)m(e,)k(the)c
-(default)g(standard)f(input)150 1701 y(for)35 b(the)g(command)g(is)g
+(default)g(standard)f(input)150 3068 y(for)35 b(the)g(command)g(is)g
(the)g(empt)m(y)h(\014le)f Ft(/dev/null)p Fu(.)52 b(Otherwise,)37
-b(the)e(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(command)f(inherits)150 1811
+b(the)e(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(command)f(inherits)150 3177
y(the)c(\014le)f(descriptors)g(of)h(the)f(calling)i(shell)f(as)f(mo)s
-(di\014ed)g(b)m(y)g(redirections.)150 2004 y Fk(3.7.4)63
-b(En)m(vironmen)m(t)150 2151 y Fu(When)29 b(a)g(program)f(is)h(in)m(v)m
+(di\014ed)g(b)m(y)g(redirections.)150 3372 y Fk(3.7.4)63
+b(En)m(vironmen)m(t)150 3519 y Fu(When)29 b(a)g(program)f(is)h(in)m(v)m
(ok)m(ed)h(it)g(is)f(giv)m(en)g(an)g(arra)m(y)g(of)g(strings)g(called)h
(the)f Fr(en)m(vironmen)m(t)p Fu(.)41 b(This)28 b(is)h(a)150
-2261 y(list)i(of)g(name-v)-5 b(alue)31 b(pairs,)f(of)h(the)f(form)g
-Ft(name=value)p Fu(.)275 2392 y(Bash)39 b(pro)m(vides)g(sev)m(eral)i(w)
+3628 y(list)i(of)g(name-v)-5 b(alue)31 b(pairs,)f(of)h(the)f(form)g
+Ft(name=value)p Fu(.)275 3761 y(Bash)39 b(pro)m(vides)g(sev)m(eral)i(w)
m(a)m(ys)g(to)f(manipulate)f(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)69
-b(On)38 b(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation,)44 b(the)c(shell)150 2502
+b(On)38 b(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation,)44 b(the)c(shell)150 3870
y(scans)g(its)h(o)m(wn)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(and)f(creates)i(a)f
(parameter)f(for)g(eac)m(h)i(name)e(found,)i(automatically)150
-2611 y(marking)23 b(it)h(for)f Ft(export)f Fu(to)i(c)m(hild)g(pro)s
+3980 y(marking)23 b(it)h(for)f Ft(export)f Fu(to)i(c)m(hild)g(pro)s
(cesses.)38 b(Executed)24 b(commands)f(inherit)g(the)g(en)m(vironmen)m
-(t.)39 b(The)150 2721 y Ft(export)c Fu(and)i(`)p Ft(declare)29
+(t.)39 b(The)150 4089 y Ft(export)c Fu(and)i(`)p Ft(declare)29
b(-x)p Fu(')36 b(commands)h(allo)m(w)i(parameters)e(and)g(functions)g
-(to)h(b)s(e)e(added)h(to)h(and)150 2830 y(deleted)21
+(to)h(b)s(e)e(added)h(to)h(and)150 4199 y(deleted)21
b(from)f(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)38 b(If)20 b(the)h(v)-5
b(alue)21 b(of)g(a)g(parameter)g(in)f(the)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)i(is)e
-(mo)s(di\014ed,)i(the)150 2940 y(new)31 b(v)-5 b(alue)32
+(mo)s(di\014ed,)i(the)150 4309 y(new)31 b(v)-5 b(alue)32
b(b)s(ecomes)f(part)h(of)f(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)g(replacing)h(the)e
(old.)44 b(The)31 b(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(inherited)150
-3050 y(b)m(y)f(an)m(y)g(executed)h(command)f(consists)g(of)g(the)g
+4418 y(b)m(y)f(an)m(y)g(executed)h(command)f(consists)g(of)g(the)g
(shell's)h(initial)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)g(whose)f(v)-5
-b(alues)31 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)150 3159 y(mo)s(di\014ed)26
+b(alues)31 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)150 4528 y(mo)s(di\014ed)26
b(in)g(the)h(shell,)h(less)f(an)m(y)g(pairs)f(remo)m(v)m(ed)i(b)m(y)f
(the)g Ft(unset)e Fu(and)h(`)p Ft(export)j(-n)p Fu(')e(commands,)g
-(plus)150 3269 y(an)m(y)k(additions)f(via)h(the)g Ft(export)d
-Fu(and)i(`)p Ft(declare)f(-x)p Fu(')h(commands.)275 3400
+(plus)150 4637 y(an)m(y)k(additions)f(via)h(the)g Ft(export)d
+Fu(and)i(`)p Ft(declare)f(-x)p Fu(')h(commands.)275 4769
y(The)j(en)m(vironmen)m(t)i(for)f(an)m(y)g(simple)h(command)f(or)g
(function)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)g(augmen)m(ted)h(temp)s(orarily)150
-3510 y(b)m(y)c(pre\014xing)e(it)i(with)g(parameter)g(assignmen)m(ts,)h
+4879 y(b)m(y)c(pre\014xing)e(it)i(with)g(parameter)g(assignmen)m(ts,)h
(as)e(describ)s(ed)g(in)g(Section)i(3.4)g([Shell)e(P)m(arameters],)150
-3619 y(page)g(21.)41 b(These)29 b(assignmen)m(t)i(statemen)m(ts)g
+4989 y(page)g(21.)41 b(These)29 b(assignmen)m(t)i(statemen)m(ts)g
(a\013ect)f(only)g(the)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(seen)g(b)m(y)f(that)h
-(command.)275 3751 y(If)g(the)h Ft(-k)g Fu(option)g(is)g(set)h(\(see)g
+(command.)275 5121 y(If)g(the)h Ft(-k)g Fu(option)g(is)g(set)h(\(see)g
(Section)g(4.3.1)g([The)f(Set)g(Builtin],)h(page)g(67\),)h(then)e(all)g
-(parameter)150 3860 y(assignmen)m(ts)f(are)g(placed)h(in)e(the)h(en)m
+(parameter)150 5230 y(assignmen)m(ts)f(are)g(placed)h(in)e(the)h(en)m
(vironmen)m(t)g(for)g(a)g(command,)f(not)h(just)f(those)i(that)f
-(precede)g(the)150 3970 y(command)g(name.)275 4101 y(When)h(Bash)h(in)m
-(v)m(ok)m(es)i(an)e(external)h(command,)f(the)g(v)-5
-b(ariable)33 b(`)p Ft($_)p Fu(')f(is)g(set)h(to)f(the)g(full)g
-(pathname)150 4211 y(of)f(the)f(command)g(and)g(passed)g(to)h(that)g
-(command)f(in)g(its)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)150 4404 y Fk(3.7.5)63
-b(Exit)40 b(Status)150 4551 y Fu(The)23 b(exit)i(status)f(of)h(an)e
+(precede)g(the)150 5340 y(command)g(name.)p eop end
+%%Page: 45 51
+TeXDict begin 45 50 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
+b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(45)275 299
+y(When)31 b(Bash)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(es)i(an)e(external)h(command,)f(the)g
+(v)-5 b(ariable)33 b(`)p Ft($_)p Fu(')f(is)g(set)h(to)f(the)g(full)g
+(pathname)150 408 y(of)f(the)f(command)g(and)g(passed)g(to)h(that)g
+(command)f(in)g(its)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)150 605 y Fk(3.7.5)63
+b(Exit)40 b(Status)150 752 y Fu(The)23 b(exit)i(status)f(of)h(an)e
(executed)i(command)f(is)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)24 b(returned)f(b)m(y)h
-(the)g Ft(waitpid)e Fu(system)i(call)h(or)150 4661 y(equiv)-5
+(the)g Ft(waitpid)e Fu(system)i(call)h(or)150 862 y(equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)33 b(function.)45 b(Exit)32 b(statuses)g(fall)g(b)s(et)m(w)m
(een)h(0)f(and)f(255,)i(though,)f(as)g(explained)g(b)s(elo)m(w,)h(the)
-150 4770 y(shell)i(ma)m(y)g(use)f(v)-5 b(alues)35 b(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)g
+150 971 y(shell)i(ma)m(y)g(use)f(v)-5 b(alues)35 b(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)g
(125)h(sp)s(ecially)-8 b(.)54 b(Exit)35 b(statuses)g(from)f(shell)h
-(builtins)f(and)f(comp)s(ound)150 4880 y(commands)j(are)g(also)h
+(builtins)f(and)f(comp)s(ound)150 1081 y(commands)j(are)g(also)h
(limited)g(to)g(this)f(range.)58 b(Under)36 b(certain)h(circumstances,)
-h(the)e(shell)h(will)f(use)150 4989 y(sp)s(ecial)31 b(v)-5
+h(the)e(shell)h(will)f(use)150 1191 y(sp)s(ecial)31 b(v)-5
b(alues)31 b(to)g(indicate)g(sp)s(eci\014c)f(failure)h(mo)s(des.)275
-5121 y(F)-8 b(or)32 b(the)g(shell's)g(purp)s(oses,)e(a)j(command)e
+1324 y(F)-8 b(or)32 b(the)g(shell's)g(purp)s(oses,)e(a)j(command)e
(whic)m(h)h(exits)g(with)g(a)g(zero)g(exit)h(status)f(has)f(succeeded.)
-150 5230 y(A)e(non-zero)h(exit)g(status)g(indicates)g(failure.)40
+150 1433 y(A)e(non-zero)h(exit)g(status)g(indicates)g(failure.)40
b(This)28 b(seemingly)i(coun)m(ter-in)m(tuitiv)m(e)i(sc)m(heme)e(is)f
-(used)g(so)150 5340 y(there)34 b(is)g(one)g(w)m(ell-de\014ned)g(w)m(a)m
+(used)g(so)150 1543 y(there)34 b(is)g(one)g(w)m(ell-de\014ned)g(w)m(a)m
(y)g(to)h(indicate)g(success)f(and)f(a)h(v)-5 b(ariet)m(y)35
-b(of)f(w)m(a)m(ys)h(to)f(indicate)h(v)-5 b(arious)p eop
-end
-%%Page: 45 51
-TeXDict begin 45 50 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
-b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(45)150 299
-y(failure)38 b(mo)s(des.)62 b(When)37 b(a)h(command)f(terminates)i(on)e
-(a)h(fatal)h(signal)g(whose)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(is)i
-Fr(N)p Fu(,)i(Bash)150 408 y(uses)30 b(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)31
+b(of)f(w)m(a)m(ys)h(to)f(indicate)h(v)-5 b(arious)150
+1653 y(failure)38 b(mo)s(des.)62 b(When)37 b(a)h(command)f(terminates)i
+(on)e(a)h(fatal)h(signal)g(whose)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(is)i
+Fr(N)p Fu(,)i(Bash)150 1762 y(uses)30 b(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)31
b(128)p Ft(+)p Fr(N)42 b Fu(as)30 b(the)h(exit)g(status.)275
-549 y(If)k(a)h(command)g(is)g(not)g(found,)g(the)g(c)m(hild)h(pro)s
+1895 y(If)k(a)h(command)g(is)g(not)g(found,)g(the)g(c)m(hild)h(pro)s
(cess)e(created)i(to)g(execute)g(it)g(returns)d(a)j(status)f(of)150
-658 y(127.)42 b(If)30 b(a)h(command)f(is)g(found)f(but)h(is)g(not)h
+2005 y(127.)42 b(If)30 b(a)h(command)f(is)g(found)f(but)h(is)g(not)h
(executable,)h(the)f(return)e(status)i(is)f(126.)275
-798 y(If)i(a)i(command)f(fails)g(b)s(ecause)g(of)h(an)f(error)f(during)
-g(expansion)h(or)g(redirection,)i(the)f(exit)g(status)150
-908 y(is)c(greater)i(than)e(zero.)275 1048 y(The)38 b(exit)h(status)g
-(is)g(used)f(b)m(y)g(the)h(Bash)g(conditional)h(commands)e(\(see)h
-(Section)h(3.2.5.2)h([Con-)150 1158 y(ditional)i(Constructs],)h(page)f
-(12\))g(and)e(some)i(of)f(the)g(list)g(constructs)g(\(see)h(Section)f
-(3.2.4)i([Lists],)150 1267 y(page)31 b(10\).)275 1407
-y(All)40 b(of)g(the)h(Bash)f(builtins)f(return)g(an)h(exit)h(status)g
-(of)f(zero)h(if)f(they)g(succeed)g(and)g(a)g(non-zero)150
-1517 y(status)34 b(on)f(failure,)i(so)f(they)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(used)g
-(b)m(y)g(the)h(conditional)h(and)e(list)h(constructs.)50
-b(All)35 b(builtins)150 1627 y(return)e(an)i(exit)g(status)g(of)f(2)h
-(to)g(indicate)h(incorrect)f(usage,)h(generally)g(in)m(v)-5
-b(alid)35 b(options)g(or)f(missing)150 1736 y(argumen)m(ts.)275
-1876 y(The)f(exit)i(status)f(of)h(the)f(last)h(command)f(is)g(a)m(v)-5
+2138 y(If)i(a)i(command)f(fails)g(b)s(ecause)g(of)h(an)f(error)f
+(during)g(expansion)h(or)g(redirection,)i(the)f(exit)g(status)150
+2248 y(is)c(greater)i(than)e(zero.)275 2381 y(The)38
+b(exit)h(status)g(is)g(used)f(b)m(y)g(the)h(Bash)g(conditional)h
+(commands)e(\(see)h(Section)h(3.2.5.2)h([Con-)150 2491
+y(ditional)i(Constructs],)h(page)f(12\))g(and)e(some)i(of)f(the)g(list)
+g(constructs)g(\(see)h(Section)f(3.2.4)i([Lists],)150
+2600 y(page)31 b(10\).)275 2733 y(All)40 b(of)g(the)h(Bash)f(builtins)f
+(return)g(an)h(exit)h(status)g(of)f(zero)h(if)f(they)g(succeed)g(and)g
+(a)g(non-zero)150 2843 y(status)34 b(on)f(failure,)i(so)f(they)g(ma)m
+(y)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(b)m(y)g(the)h(conditional)h(and)e(list)h
+(constructs.)50 b(All)35 b(builtins)150 2953 y(return)e(an)i(exit)g
+(status)g(of)f(2)h(to)g(indicate)h(incorrect)f(usage,)h(generally)g(in)
+m(v)-5 b(alid)35 b(options)g(or)f(missing)150 3062 y(argumen)m(ts.)275
+3196 y(The)f(exit)i(status)f(of)h(the)f(last)h(command)f(is)g(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)36 b(in)e(the)g(sp)s(ecial)h(parameter)f($?)52
-b(\(see)35 b(Sec-)150 1986 y(tion)c(3.4.2)h([Sp)s(ecial)f(P)m
-(arameters],)h(page)f(23\).)150 2191 y Fk(3.7.6)63 b(Signals)150
-2338 y Fu(When)36 b(Bash)g(is)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e,)j(in)c(the)h
+b(\(see)35 b(Sec-)150 3305 y(tion)c(3.4.2)h([Sp)s(ecial)f(P)m
+(arameters],)h(page)f(23\).)150 3502 y Fk(3.7.6)63 b(Signals)150
+3649 y Fu(When)36 b(Bash)g(is)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e,)j(in)c(the)h
(absence)f(of)h(an)m(y)f(traps,)i(it)e(ignores)h Ft(SIGTERM)d
-Fu(\(so)j(that)g(`)p Ft(kill)150 2447 y(0)p Fu(')c(do)s(es)g(not)g
+Fu(\(so)j(that)g(`)p Ft(kill)150 3758 y(0)p Fu(')c(do)s(es)g(not)g
(kill)g(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell\),)f(and)d Ft(SIGINT)f
Fu(is)i(caugh)m(t)h(and)f(handled)f(\(so)h(that)h(the)f
-Ft(wait)150 2557 y Fu(builtin)24 b(is)h(in)m(terruptible\).)39
+Ft(wait)150 3868 y Fu(builtin)24 b(is)h(in)m(terruptible\).)39
b(When)24 b(Bash)g(receiv)m(es)j(a)d Ft(SIGINT)p Fu(,)h(it)g(breaks)f
-(out)h(of)f(an)m(y)h(executing)h(lo)s(ops.)150 2667 y(In)31
+(out)h(of)f(an)m(y)h(executing)h(lo)s(ops.)150 3978 y(In)31
b(all)h(cases,)h(Bash)f(ignores)g Ft(SIGQUIT)p Fu(.)42
b(If)32 b(job)f(con)m(trol)i(is)e(in)h(e\013ect)h(\(see)f(Chapter)f(7)h
-([Job)g(Con)m(trol],)150 2776 y(page)f(113\),)h(Bash)f(ignores)g
+([Job)g(Con)m(trol],)150 4087 y(page)f(116\),)h(Bash)f(ignores)g
Ft(SIGTTIN)p Fu(,)d Ft(SIGTTOU)p Fu(,)h(and)h Ft(SIGTSTP)p
-Fu(.)275 2916 y(Non-builtin)h(commands)g(started)g(b)m(y)g(Bash)h(ha)m
+Fu(.)275 4220 y(Non-builtin)h(commands)g(started)g(b)m(y)g(Bash)h(ha)m
(v)m(e)g(signal)g(handlers)e(set)i(to)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)31
-b(inherited)150 3026 y(b)m(y)37 b(the)h(shell)g(from)f(its)h(paren)m
+b(inherited)150 4330 y(b)m(y)37 b(the)h(shell)g(from)f(its)h(paren)m
(t.)62 b(When)38 b(job)f(con)m(trol)i(is)e(not)h(in)f(e\013ect,)k
-(async)m(hronous)c(commands)150 3136 y(ignore)f Ft(SIGINT)e
+(async)m(hronous)c(commands)150 4440 y(ignore)f Ft(SIGINT)e
Fu(and)h Ft(SIGQUIT)e Fu(in)j(addition)f(to)i(these)f(inherited)f
-(handlers.)55 b(Commands)35 b(run)f(as)i(a)150 3245 y(result)27
+(handlers.)55 b(Commands)35 b(run)f(as)i(a)150 4549 y(result)27
b(of)h(command)f(substitution)h(ignore)g(the)g(k)m(eyb)s
(oard-generated)g(job)g(con)m(trol)h(signals)f Ft(SIGTTIN)p
-Fu(,)150 3355 y Ft(SIGTTOU)p Fu(,)h(and)g Ft(SIGTSTP)p
-Fu(.)275 3495 y(The)h(shell)i(exits)g(b)m(y)f(default)g(up)s(on)f
+Fu(,)150 4659 y Ft(SIGTTOU)p Fu(,)h(and)g Ft(SIGTSTP)p
+Fu(.)275 4792 y(The)h(shell)i(exits)g(b)m(y)f(default)g(up)s(on)f
(receipt)i(of)f(a)h Ft(SIGHUP)p Fu(.)42 b(Before)32 b(exiting,)h(an)e
-(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)150 3604 y(resends)41 b(the)i
+(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)150 4902 y(resends)41 b(the)i
Ft(SIGHUP)e Fu(to)i(all)g(jobs,)i(running)c(or)h(stopp)s(ed.)76
b(Stopp)s(ed)41 b(jobs)h(are)h(sen)m(t)g Ft(SIGCONT)d
-Fu(to)150 3714 y(ensure)32 b(that)h(they)g(receiv)m(e)i(the)e
+Fu(to)150 5011 y(ensure)32 b(that)h(they)g(receiv)m(e)i(the)e
Ft(SIGHUP)p Fu(.)47 b(T)-8 b(o)33 b(prev)m(en)m(t)g(the)g(shell)g(from)
-g(sending)f(the)h Ft(SIGHUP)e Fu(signal)150 3824 y(to)i(a)g(particular)
+g(sending)f(the)h Ft(SIGHUP)e Fu(signal)150 5121 y(to)i(a)g(particular)
g(job,)g(it)g(should)f(b)s(e)g(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(from)g(the)f(jobs)g
(table)i(with)e(the)h Ft(disown)e Fu(builtin)h(\(see)150
-3933 y(Section)c(7.2)g([Job)e(Con)m(trol)i(Builtins],)g(page)g(114\))h
+5230 y(Section)c(7.2)g([Job)e(Con)m(trol)i(Builtins],)g(page)g(117\))h
(or)e(mark)m(ed)g(to)g(not)g(receiv)m(e)i Ft(SIGHUP)c
-Fu(using)i Ft(disown)150 4043 y(-h)p Fu(.)275 4183 y(If)38
-b(the)h Ft(huponexit)e Fu(shell)i(option)g(has)g(b)s(een)f(set)i(with)f
-Ft(shopt)e Fu(\(see)j(Section)g(4.3.2)h([The)e(Shopt)150
-4293 y(Builtin],)31 b(page)g(71\),)h(Bash)f(sends)e(a)i
+Fu(using)i Ft(disown)150 5340 y(-h)p Fu(.)p eop end
+%%Page: 46 52
+TeXDict begin 46 51 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
+b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(46)275 299
+y(If)38 b(the)h Ft(huponexit)e Fu(shell)i(option)g(has)g(b)s(een)f(set)
+i(with)f Ft(shopt)e Fu(\(see)j(Section)g(4.3.2)h([The)e(Shopt)150
+408 y(Builtin],)31 b(page)g(71\),)h(Bash)f(sends)e(a)i
Ft(SIGHUP)e Fu(to)i(all)g(jobs)f(when)f(an)i(in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(login)
-e(shell)g(exits.)275 4433 y(If)38 b(Bash)h(is)g(w)m(aiting)h(for)f(a)g
+e(shell)g(exits.)275 554 y(If)38 b(Bash)h(is)g(w)m(aiting)h(for)f(a)g
(command)f(to)i(complete)g(and)e(receiv)m(es)j(a)e(signal)h(for)e(whic)
-m(h)h(a)g(trap)150 4542 y(has)c(b)s(een)f(set,)i(the)f(trap)g(will)g
+m(h)h(a)g(trap)150 663 y(has)c(b)s(een)f(set,)i(the)f(trap)g(will)g
(not)g(b)s(e)f(executed)i(un)m(til)f(the)g(command)f(completes.)55
-b(When)35 b(Bash)g(is)150 4652 y(w)m(aiting)j(for)f(an)g(async)m
+b(When)35 b(Bash)g(is)150 773 y(w)m(aiting)j(for)f(an)g(async)m
(hronous)g(command)g(via)h(the)f Ft(wait)f Fu(builtin,)i(the)g
-(reception)g(of)f(a)g(signal)h(for)150 4761 y(whic)m(h)d(a)g(trap)g
-(has)g(b)s(een)f(set)h(will)h(cause)f(the)g Ft(wait)f
-Fu(builtin)h(to)g(return)f(immediately)i(with)f(an)g(exit)150
-4871 y(status)c(greater)g(than)f(128,)i(immediately)g(after)f(whic)m(h)
-f(the)h(trap)f(is)g(executed.)275 5011 y(When)41 b(job)g(con)m(trol)h
-(is)g(not)f(enabled,)k(and)40 b(Bash)i(is)f(w)m(aiting)i(for)e(a)h
-(foreground)e(command)h(to)150 5121 y(complete,)35 b(the)e(shell)h
-(receiv)m(es)g(k)m(eyb)s(oard-generated)g(signals)g(suc)m(h)e(as)i
-Ft(SIGINT)d Fu(\(usually)i(generated)150 5230 y(b)m(y)e(`)p
-Ft(^C)p Fu('\))h(that)g(users)e(commonly)i(in)m(tend)g(to)g(send)e(to)j
-(that)f(command.)43 b(This)31 b(happ)s(ens)e(b)s(ecause)j(the)150
-5340 y(shell)23 b(and)g(the)h(command)f(are)g(in)g(the)h(same)f(pro)s
+(reception)g(of)f(a)g(signal)h(for)150 882 y(whic)m(h)d(a)g(trap)g(has)
+g(b)s(een)f(set)h(will)h(cause)f(the)g Ft(wait)f Fu(builtin)h(to)g
+(return)f(immediately)i(with)f(an)g(exit)150 992 y(status)c(greater)g
+(than)f(128,)i(immediately)g(after)f(whic)m(h)f(the)h(trap)f(is)g
+(executed.)275 1137 y(When)41 b(job)g(con)m(trol)h(is)g(not)f(enabled,)
+k(and)40 b(Bash)i(is)f(w)m(aiting)i(for)e(a)h(foreground)e(command)h
+(to)150 1247 y(complete,)35 b(the)e(shell)h(receiv)m(es)g(k)m(eyb)s
+(oard-generated)g(signals)g(suc)m(h)e(as)i Ft(SIGINT)d
+Fu(\(usually)i(generated)150 1356 y(b)m(y)e(`)p Ft(^C)p
+Fu('\))h(that)g(users)e(commonly)i(in)m(tend)g(to)g(send)e(to)j(that)f
+(command.)43 b(This)31 b(happ)s(ens)e(b)s(ecause)j(the)150
+1466 y(shell)23 b(and)g(the)h(command)f(are)g(in)g(the)h(same)f(pro)s
(cess)g(group)g(as)h(the)f(terminal,)i(and)e(`)p Ft(^C)p
-Fu(')g(sends)g Ft(SIGINT)p eop end
-%%Page: 46 52
-TeXDict begin 46 51 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
-b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(46)150 299
-y(to)35 b(all)g(pro)s(cesses)f(in)g(that)g(pro)s(cess)g(group.)51
-b(See)35 b(Chapter)e(7)i([Job)f(Con)m(trol],)i(page)f(113,)h(for)e(a)h
-(more)150 408 y(in-depth)30 b(discussion)f(of)i(pro)s(cess)f(groups.)
-275 542 y(When)35 b(Bash)h(is)g(running)f(without)h(job)f(con)m(trol)i
-(enabled)f(and)g(receiv)m(es)h Ft(SIGINT)e Fu(while)h(w)m(aiting)150
-651 y(for)g(a)h(foreground)f(command,)i(it)f(w)m(aits)g(un)m(til)g
+Fu(')g(sends)g Ft(SIGINT)150 1576 y Fu(to)35 b(all)g(pro)s(cesses)f(in)
+g(that)g(pro)s(cess)g(group.)51 b(See)35 b(Chapter)e(7)i([Job)f(Con)m
+(trol],)i(page)f(116,)h(for)e(a)h(more)150 1685 y(in-depth)30
+b(discussion)f(of)i(pro)s(cess)f(groups.)275 1830 y(When)35
+b(Bash)h(is)g(running)f(without)h(job)f(con)m(trol)i(enabled)f(and)g
+(receiv)m(es)h Ft(SIGINT)e Fu(while)h(w)m(aiting)150
+1940 y(for)g(a)h(foreground)f(command,)i(it)f(w)m(aits)g(un)m(til)g
(that)g(foreground)f(command)g(terminates)h(and)f(then)150
-761 y(decides)31 b(what)f(to)h(do)f(ab)s(out)g(the)h
-Ft(SIGINT)p Fu(:)199 894 y(1.)61 b(If)29 b(the)h(command)f(terminates)i
-(due)d(to)j(the)e Ft(SIGINT)p Fu(,)g(Bash)g(concludes)h(that)g(the)g
-(user)f(mean)m(t)h(to)330 1004 y(end)25 b(the)h(en)m(tire)h(script,)g
+2050 y(decides)31 b(what)f(to)h(do)f(ab)s(out)g(the)h
+Ft(SIGINT)p Fu(:)199 2195 y(1.)61 b(If)29 b(the)h(command)f(terminates)
+i(due)d(to)j(the)e Ft(SIGINT)p Fu(,)g(Bash)g(concludes)h(that)g(the)g
+(user)f(mean)m(t)h(to)330 2304 y(end)25 b(the)h(en)m(tire)h(script,)g
(and)f(acts)h(on)e(the)i Ft(SIGINT)d Fu(\(e.g.,)k(b)m(y)e(running)f(a)h
-Ft(SIGINT)e Fu(trap)i(or)g(exiting)330 1113 y(itself)7
-b(\);)199 1246 y(2.)61 b(If)39 b(the)g(pip)s(eline)g(do)s(es)g(not)h
+Ft(SIGINT)e Fu(trap)i(or)g(exiting)330 2414 y(itself)7
+b(\);)199 2554 y(2.)61 b(If)39 b(the)g(pip)s(eline)g(do)s(es)g(not)h
(terminate)g(due)f(to)h Ft(SIGINT)p Fu(,)g(the)g(program)f(handled)f
-(the)i Ft(SIGINT)330 1356 y Fu(itself)35 b(and)e(did)h(not)g(treat)h
+(the)i Ft(SIGINT)330 2663 y Fu(itself)35 b(and)e(did)h(not)g(treat)h
(it)g(as)f(a)g(fatal)i(signal.)52 b(In)33 b(that)i(case,)h(Bash)e(do)s
-(es)g(not)g(treat)i Ft(SIGINT)330 1466 y Fu(as)41 b(a)g(fatal)g
+(es)g(not)g(treat)i Ft(SIGINT)330 2773 y Fu(as)41 b(a)g(fatal)g
(signal,)j(either,)g(instead)d(assuming)f(that)h(the)g
Ft(SIGINT)d Fu(w)m(as)j(used)f(as)h(part)f(of)h(the)330
-1575 y(program's)32 b(normal)g(op)s(eration)h(\(e.g.,)h
+2883 y(program's)32 b(normal)g(op)s(eration)h(\(e.g.,)h
Ft(emacs)d Fu(uses)g(it)i(to)g(ab)s(ort)f(editing)h(commands\))f(or)g
-(delib-)330 1685 y(erately)41 b(discarded.)69 b(Ho)m(w)m(ev)m(er,)45
+(delib-)330 2992 y(erately)41 b(discarded.)69 b(Ho)m(w)m(ev)m(er,)45
b(Bash)40 b(will)h(run)d(an)m(y)j(trap)e(set)i(on)f Ft(SIGINT)p
-Fu(,)h(as)f(it)h(do)s(es)e(with)330 1794 y(an)m(y)31
+Fu(,)h(as)f(it)h(do)s(es)e(with)330 3102 y(an)m(y)31
b(other)f(trapp)s(ed)f(signal)i(it)g(receiv)m(es)h(while)e(it)h(is)f(w)
m(aiting)h(for)f(the)h(foreground)e(command)h(to)330
-1904 y(complete,)i(for)e(compatibilit)m(y)-8 b(.)150
-2142 y Fs(3.8)68 b(Shell)45 b(Scripts)150 2302 y Fu(A)30
+3211 y(complete,)i(for)e(compatibilit)m(y)-8 b(.)150
+3468 y Fs(3.8)68 b(Shell)45 b(Scripts)150 3628 y Fu(A)30
b(shell)f(script)h(is)f(a)h(text)h(\014le)f(con)m(taining)h(shell)f
(commands.)40 b(When)29 b(suc)m(h)g(a)h(\014le)g(is)f(used)g(as)h(the)g
-(\014rst)150 2411 y(non-option)c(argumen)m(t)h(when)e(in)m(v)m(oking)i
+(\014rst)150 3737 y(non-option)c(argumen)m(t)h(when)e(in)m(v)m(oking)i
(Bash,)g(and)f(neither)g(the)g Ft(-c)g Fu(nor)f Ft(-s)h
-Fu(option)g(is)g(supplied)f(\(see)150 2521 y(Section)39
-b(6.1)g([In)m(v)m(oking)g(Bash],)h(page)f(91\),)i(Bash)d(reads)g(and)f
-(executes)i(commands)f(from)f(the)i(\014le,)150 2630
+Fu(option)g(is)g(supplied)f(\(see)150 3847 y(Section)39
+b(6.1)g([In)m(v)m(oking)g(Bash],)h(page)f(92\),)i(Bash)d(reads)g(and)f
+(executes)i(commands)f(from)f(the)i(\014le,)150 3956
y(then)32 b(exits.)46 b(This)32 b(mo)s(de)f(of)i(op)s(eration)f
(creates)i(a)e(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell.)46 b(The)31
-b(shell)i(\014rst)e(searc)m(hes)150 2740 y(for)d(the)g(\014le)g(in)g
+b(shell)i(\014rst)e(searc)m(hes)150 4066 y(for)d(the)g(\014le)g(in)g
(the)g(curren)m(t)f(directory)-8 b(,)30 b(and)d(lo)s(oks)i(in)e(the)i
(directories)g(in)e Ft($PATH)g Fu(if)h(not)g(found)e(there.)275
-2873 y(When)34 b(Bash)h(runs)e(a)i(shell)g(script,)g(it)h(sets)f(the)f
+4211 y(When)34 b(Bash)h(runs)e(a)i(shell)g(script,)g(it)h(sets)f(the)f
(sp)s(ecial)i(parameter)f Ft(0)f Fu(to)h(the)g(name)g(of)g(the)g
-(\014le,)150 2983 y(rather)k(than)g(the)h(name)f(of)h(the)f(shell,)j
+(\014le,)150 4321 y(rather)k(than)g(the)h(name)f(of)h(the)f(shell,)j
(and)d(the)h(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)f(are)h(set)g(to)g(the)g
-(remain-)150 3092 y(ing)f(argumen)m(ts,)j(if)d(an)m(y)g(are)g(giv)m
+(remain-)150 4430 y(ing)f(argumen)m(ts,)j(if)d(an)m(y)g(are)g(giv)m
(en.)67 b(If)39 b(no)g(additional)g(argumen)m(ts)h(are)f(supplied,)h
-(the)f(p)s(ositional)150 3202 y(parameters)31 b(are)f(unset.)275
-3335 y(A)39 b(shell)h(script)f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(made)h(executable)h(b)m
+(the)f(p)s(ositional)150 4540 y(parameters)31 b(are)f(unset.)275
+4685 y(A)39 b(shell)h(script)f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(made)h(executable)h(b)m
(y)e(using)g(the)h Ft(chmod)e Fu(command)h(to)h(turn)e(on)i(the)150
-3445 y(execute)j(bit.)73 b(When)41 b(Bash)g(\014nds)e(suc)m(h)i(a)h
+4795 y(execute)j(bit.)73 b(When)41 b(Bash)g(\014nds)e(suc)m(h)i(a)h
(\014le)f(while)g(searc)m(hing)h(the)f Ft($PATH)f Fu(for)h(a)h
-(command,)h(it)150 3554 y(creates)32 b(a)f(new)e(instance)i(of)g
+(command,)h(it)150 4904 y(creates)32 b(a)f(new)e(instance)i(of)g
(itself)g(to)g(execute)h(it.)41 b(In)30 b(other)h(w)m(ords,)f
-(executing)390 3688 y Ft(filename)46 b Fj(arguments)150
-3821 y Fu(is)30 b(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)f(executing)390
-3954 y Ft(bash)47 b(filename)e Fj(arguments)150 4087
-y Fu(if)30 b Ft(filename)d Fu(is)j(an)f(executable)j(shell)e(script.)40
+(executing)390 5050 y Ft(filename)46 b Fj(arguments)150
+5195 y Fu(is)30 b(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)f(executing)390
+5340 y Ft(bash)47 b(filename)e Fj(arguments)p eop end
+%%Page: 47 53
+TeXDict begin 47 52 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
+b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(47)150 299
+y(if)30 b Ft(filename)d Fu(is)j(an)f(executable)j(shell)e(script.)40
b(This)29 b(subshell)g(reinitializes)i(itself,)g(so)f(that)h(the)e
-(e\013ect)150 4197 y(is)36 b(as)h(if)g(a)f(new)g(shell)h(had)f(b)s(een)
-g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(to)h(in)m(terpret)e(the)h(script,)h(with)e(the)h
-(exception)h(that)f(the)150 4306 y(lo)s(cations)25 b(of)g(commands)e
+(e\013ect)150 408 y(is)36 b(as)h(if)g(a)f(new)g(shell)h(had)f(b)s(een)g
+(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(to)h(in)m(terpret)e(the)h(script,)h(with)e(the)h
+(exception)h(that)f(the)150 518 y(lo)s(cations)25 b(of)g(commands)e
(remem)m(b)s(ered)h(b)m(y)g(the)g(paren)m(t)g(\(see)h(the)f
(description)g(of)g Ft(hash)f Fu(in)h(Section)h(4.1)150
-4416 y([Bourne)30 b(Shell)h(Builtins],)g(page)g(48\))h(are)e(retained)h
-(b)m(y)f(the)h(c)m(hild.)275 4549 y(Most)36 b(v)m(ersions)g(of)g(Unix)f
+628 y([Bourne)30 b(Shell)h(Builtins],)g(page)g(48\))h(are)e(retained)h
+(b)m(y)f(the)h(c)m(hild.)275 762 y(Most)36 b(v)m(ersions)g(of)g(Unix)f
(mak)m(e)h(this)g(a)g(part)f(of)h(the)g(op)s(erating)g(system's)f
-(command)h(execution)150 4659 y(mec)m(hanism.)50 b(If)33
+(command)h(execution)150 872 y(mec)m(hanism.)50 b(If)33
b(the)g(\014rst)g(line)h(of)f(a)h(script)f(b)s(egins)g(with)g(the)g(t)m
(w)m(o)i(c)m(haracters)g(`)p Ft(#!)p Fu(',)f(the)g(remainder)150
-4768 y(of)27 b(the)g(line)g(sp)s(eci\014es)g(an)g(in)m(terpreter)g(for)
-g(the)g(program)g(and,)g(dep)s(ending)e(on)i(the)g(op)s(erating)h
-(system,)150 4878 y(one)e(or)g(more)g(optional)h(argumen)m(ts)f(for)g
+981 y(of)27 b(the)g(line)g(sp)s(eci\014es)g(an)g(in)m(terpreter)g(for)g
+(the)g(program)g(and,)g(dep)s(ending)e(on)i(the)g(op)s(erating)h
+(system,)150 1091 y(one)e(or)g(more)g(optional)h(argumen)m(ts)f(for)g
(that)g(in)m(terpreter.)40 b(Th)m(us,)26 b(y)m(ou)g(can)g(sp)s(ecify)g
-(Bash,)h Ft(awk)p Fu(,)f(P)m(erl,)150 4988 y(or)k(some)h(other)g(in)m
+(Bash,)h Ft(awk)p Fu(,)f(P)m(erl,)150 1200 y(or)k(some)h(other)g(in)m
(terpreter)g(and)e(write)i(the)f(rest)h(of)g(the)f(script)g(\014le)h
-(in)f(that)h(language.)275 5121 y(The)k(argumen)m(ts)h(to)h(the)f(in)m
+(in)f(that)h(language.)275 1335 y(The)k(argumen)m(ts)h(to)h(the)f(in)m
(terpreter)h(consist)f(of)h(one)f(or)g(more)g(optional)h(argumen)m(ts)f
-(follo)m(wing)150 5230 y(the)e(in)m(terpreter)g(name)g(on)g(the)g
+(follo)m(wing)150 1445 y(the)e(in)m(terpreter)g(name)g(on)g(the)g
(\014rst)g(line)g(of)g(the)g(script)g(\014le,)h(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)m(y)
-e(the)g(name)g(of)g(the)g(script)150 5340 y(\014le,)k(follo)m(w)m(ed)g
+e(the)g(name)g(of)g(the)g(script)150 1554 y(\014le,)k(follo)m(w)m(ed)g
(b)m(y)e(the)g(rest)g(of)g(the)h(argumen)m(ts)f(supplied)f(to)i(the)f
-(script.)58 b(The)35 b(details)i(of)g(ho)m(w)f(the)p
-eop end
-%%Page: 47 53
-TeXDict begin 47 52 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41
-b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(47)150 299
-y(in)m(terpreter)26 b(line)g(is)g(split)g(in)m(to)h(an)f(in)m
+(script.)58 b(The)35 b(details)i(of)g(ho)m(w)f(the)150
+1664 y(in)m(terpreter)26 b(line)g(is)g(split)g(in)m(to)h(an)f(in)m
(terpreter)g(name)g(and)f(a)h(set)h(of)e(argumen)m(ts)i(v)-5
-b(ary)25 b(across)i(systems.)150 408 y(Bash)j(will)f(p)s(erform)g(this)
-g(action)i(on)e(op)s(erating)h(systems)g(that)g(do)f(not)h(handle)f(it)
-h(themselv)m(es.)42 b(Note)150 518 y(that)e(some)g(older)g(v)m(ersions)
-g(of)g(Unix)f(limit)i(the)f(in)m(terpreter)g(name)g(and)f(a)h(single)g
-(argumen)m(t)g(to)h(a)150 628 y(maxim)m(um)21 b(of)g(32)h(c)m
-(haracters,)j(so)c(it's)h(not)g(p)s(ortable)f(to)h(assume)e(that)i
-(using)f(more)g(than)g(one)g(argumen)m(t)150 737 y(will)31
-b(w)m(ork.)275 872 y(Bash)h(scripts)g(often)g(b)s(egin)g(with)g
-Ft(#!)e(/bin/bash)g Fu(\(assuming)i(that)h(Bash)f(has)g(b)s(een)f
-(installed)i(in)150 981 y Ft(/bin)p Fu(\),)26 b(since)h(this)f(ensures)
-f(that)i(Bash)f(will)h(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(in)m(terpret)f(the)h
-(script,)g(ev)m(en)g(if)f(it)h(is)f(executed)150 1091
-y(under)h(another)h(shell.)41 b(It's)28 b(a)h(common)g(idiom)f(to)h
-(use)f Ft(env)g Fu(to)h(\014nd)e Ft(bash)g Fu(ev)m(en)i(if)f(it's)i(b)s
-(een)d(installed)150 1200 y(in)h(another)g(directory:)40
+b(ary)25 b(across)i(systems.)150 1773 y(Bash)j(will)f(p)s(erform)g
+(this)g(action)i(on)e(op)s(erating)h(systems)g(that)g(do)f(not)h
+(handle)f(it)h(themselv)m(es.)42 b(Note)150 1883 y(that)e(some)g(older)
+g(v)m(ersions)g(of)g(Unix)f(limit)i(the)f(in)m(terpreter)g(name)g(and)f
+(a)h(single)g(argumen)m(t)g(to)h(a)150 1993 y(maxim)m(um)21
+b(of)g(32)h(c)m(haracters,)j(so)c(it's)h(not)g(p)s(ortable)f(to)h
+(assume)e(that)i(using)f(more)g(than)g(one)g(argumen)m(t)150
+2102 y(will)31 b(w)m(ork.)275 2237 y(Bash)h(scripts)g(often)g(b)s(egin)
+g(with)g Ft(#!)e(/bin/bash)g Fu(\(assuming)i(that)h(Bash)f(has)g(b)s
+(een)f(installed)i(in)150 2346 y Ft(/bin)p Fu(\),)26
+b(since)h(this)f(ensures)f(that)i(Bash)f(will)h(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(in)
+m(terpret)f(the)h(script,)g(ev)m(en)g(if)f(it)h(is)f(executed)150
+2456 y(under)h(another)h(shell.)41 b(It's)28 b(a)h(common)g(idiom)f(to)
+h(use)f Ft(env)g Fu(to)h(\014nd)e Ft(bash)g Fu(ev)m(en)i(if)f(it's)i(b)
+s(een)d(installed)150 2565 y(in)h(another)g(directory:)40
b Ft(#!/usr/bin/env)27 b(bash)f Fu(will)j(\014nd)d(the)j(\014rst)e(o)s
(ccurrence)h(of)g Ft(bash)f Fu(in)h Ft($PATH)p Fu(.)p
eop end
(other)g(c)m(hapters:)69 b(builtin)43 b(commands)h(whic)m(h)150
1412 y(pro)m(vide)23 b(the)h(Bash)f(in)m(terface)i(to)f(the)g(job)f
(con)m(trol)i(facilities)g(\(see)f(Section)h(7.2)f([Job)f(Con)m(trol)h
-(Builtins],)150 1521 y(page)33 b(114\),)i(the)e(directory)g(stac)m(k)h
+(Builtins],)150 1521 y(page)33 b(117\),)i(the)e(directory)g(stac)m(k)h
(\(see)f(Section)h(6.8.1)g([Directory)g(Stac)m(k)g(Builtins],)g(page)f
-(102\),)i(the)150 1631 y(command)23 b(history)h(\(see)g(Section)g(9.2)h
-([Bash)f(History)g(Builtins],)h(page)g(152\),)h(and)d(the)h
+(104\),)i(the)150 1631 y(command)23 b(history)h(\(see)g(Section)g(9.2)h
+([Bash)f(History)g(Builtins],)h(page)g(155\),)h(and)d(the)h
(programmable)150 1740 y(completion)32 b(facilities)g(\(see)g(Section)f
-(8.7)g([Programmable)g(Completion)g(Builtins],)g(page)h(146\).)275
+(8.7)g([Programmable)g(Completion)g(Builtins],)g(page)h(149\).)275
1868 y(Man)m(y)f(of)f(the)h(builtins)e(ha)m(v)m(e)j(b)s(een)e(extended)
g(b)m(y)g Fm(posix)g Fu(or)g(Bash.)275 1996 y(Unless)20
b(otherwise)h(noted,)h(eac)m(h)g(builtin)e(command)g(do)s(cumen)m(ted)g
b Fr(n)40 b Fu(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)f(greater)j(than)d(or)i(equal)f(to)h(1.)
70 b(The)40 b(return)630 787 y(status)31 b(is)f(zero)h(unless)f
Fr(n)g Fu(is)g(not)h(greater)g(than)g(or)f(equal)h(to)g(1.)150
-946 y Ft(cd)870 1081 y(cd)47 b([-L|[-P)f([-e]])g([-@])h([)p
+946 y Ft(cd)870 1081 y(cd)47 b([-L|[-P)f([-e]]])g([-@])h([)p
Fj(directory)p Ft(])630 1215 y Fu(Change)27 b(the)g(curren)m(t)f(w)m
(orking)h(directory)g(to)h Fr(directory)p Fu(.)40 b(If)26
b Fr(directory)35 b Fu(is)27 b(not)g(supplied,)630 1325
%%Page: 53 59
TeXDict begin 53 58 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(53)630 299 y(Expressions],)39
-b(page)g(96.)64 b Ft(test)37 b Fu(do)s(es)g(not)h(accept)i(an)m(y)e
+b(page)g(97.)64 b Ft(test)37 b Fu(do)s(es)g(not)h(accept)i(an)m(y)e
(options,)i(nor)e(do)s(es)f(it)h(accept)630 408 y(and)30
b(ignore)h(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(of)f Ft(--)g Fu(as)h(signifying)f(the)h
(end)f(of)g(options.)630 550 y(When)g(the)h Ft([)f Fu(form)g(is)g
3176 y(second)j(argumen)m(t)f(is)h(n)m(ull.)50 b(If)33
b(the)h(\014rst)e(argumen)m(t)i(is)g(one)g(of)f(the)h(unary)1110
3285 y(conditional)42 b(op)s(erators)f(\(see)g(Section)h(6.4)f([Bash)g
-(Conditional)g(Expres-)1110 3395 y(sions],)34 b(page)f(96\),)i(the)e
+(Conditional)g(Expres-)1110 3395 y(sions],)34 b(page)f(97\),)i(the)e
(expression)f(is)h(true)g(if)g(the)g(unary)e(test)j(is)f(true.)47
b(If)1110 3504 y(the)33 b(\014rst)g(argumen)m(t)h(is)f(not)g(a)h(v)-5
b(alid)34 b(unary)e(op)s(erator,)i(the)g(expression)f(is)1110
(wing)i(conditions)f(are)f(applied)h(in)f(the)g(order)g(listed.)1159
4039 y(1.)61 b(If)29 b(the)g(second)g(argumen)m(t)h(is)f(one)h(of)f
(the)h(binary)e(conditional)j(op)s(era-)1290 4148 y(tors)c(\(see)h
-(Section)g(6.4)g([Bash)g(Conditional)f(Expressions],)h(page)f(96\),)
+(Section)g(6.4)g([Bash)g(Conditional)f(Expressions],)h(page)f(97\),)
1290 4258 y(the)d(result)g(of)f(the)h(expression)g(is)g(the)f(result)h
(of)g(the)g(binary)f(test)h(using)1290 4367 y(the)35
b(\014rst)e(and)h(third)g(argumen)m(ts)h(as)f(op)s(erands.)52
2296 y(times)630 2430 y Fu(Prin)m(t)37 b(out)h(the)g(user)e(and)h
(system)g(times)h(used)f(b)m(y)g(the)h(shell)f(and)g(its)h(c)m
(hildren.)61 b(The)630 2539 y(return)29 b(status)i(is)f(zero.)150
-2698 y Ft(trap)870 2832 y(trap)47 b([-lp])f([)p Fj(action)p
-Ft(])g([)p Fj(sigspec)f Ft(...)o(])630 2966 y Fu(The)40
+2698 y Ft(trap)870 2832 y(trap)47 b([-Plp])f([)p Fj(action)p
+Ft(])f([)p Fj(sigspec)h Ft(...)o(])630 2966 y Fu(The)40
b Fr(action)i Fu(is)e(a)h(command)f(that)h(is)f(read)h(and)e(executed)j
(when)d(the)i(shell)f(receiv)m(es)630 3075 y(signal)30
b Fr(sigsp)s(ec)p Fu(.)40 b(If)29 b Fr(action)h Fu(is)f(absen)m(t)h
(h)i Fr(sigsp)s(ec)p Fu(,)h(or,)630 3976 y(if)32 b(no)g
Fr(sigsp)s(ec)6 b Fu(s)32 b(are)h(supplied,)e(for)h(all)h(trapp)s(ed)e
(signals,)j(as)e(a)h(set)g(of)f Ft(trap)f Fu(commands)630
-4086 y(that)g(can)g(b)s(e)e(reused)h(as)h(shell)f(input)g(to)h(restore)
-g(the)f(curren)m(t)g(signal)h(disp)s(ositions.)630 4220
-y(The)21 b Ft(-l)f Fu(option)i(causes)g Ft(trap)e Fu(to)i(prin)m(t)f(a)
-g(list)h(of)g(signal)g(names)f(and)g(their)g(corresp)s(onding)630
-4329 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers.)37 b(Eac)m(h)24 b Fr(sigsp)s(ec)30
+4086 y(that)44 b(can)g(b)s(e)f(reused)g(as)g(shell)h(input)f(to)h
+(restore)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f(signal)h(disp)s(ositions.)630
+4195 y(The)31 b Ft(-P)g Fu(option)g(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)h(similarly)-8
+b(,)33 b(but)e(displa)m(ys)g(only)g(the)h(actions)g(asso)s(ciated)h
+(with)630 4305 y(eac)m(h)43 b Fr(sigsp)s(ec)k Fu(argumen)m(t.)74
+b Ft(-P)41 b Fu(requires)g(at)h(least)h(one)f Fr(sigsp)s(ec)47
+b Fu(argumen)m(t.)75 b(The)41 b Ft(-P)630 4415 y Fu(or)34
+b Ft(-p)f Fu(options)h(to)g Ft(trap)e Fu(ma)m(y)j(b)s(e)e(used)g(in)g
+(a)h(subshell)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(\(e.g.,)i(command)630
+4524 y(substitution\))k(and,)j(as)d(long)h(as)g(they)g(are)f(used)g(b)s
+(efore)g Ft(trap)f Fu(is)h(used)g(to)h(c)m(hange)h(a)630
+4634 y(signal's)31 b(handling,)f(will)h(displa)m(y)f(the)h(state)h(of)e
+(its)h(paren)m(t's)g(traps.)630 4768 y(The)21 b Ft(-l)f
+Fu(option)i(causes)g Ft(trap)e Fu(to)i(prin)m(t)f(a)g(list)h(of)g
+(signal)g(names)f(and)g(their)g(corresp)s(onding)630
+4877 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers.)37 b(Eac)m(h)24 b Fr(sigsp)s(ec)30
b Fu(is)23 b(either)i(a)f(signal)g(name)g(or)f(a)h(signal)h(n)m(um)m(b)
-s(er.)37 b(Signal)24 b(names)630 4439 y(are)31 b(case)g(insensitiv)m(e)
+s(er.)37 b(Signal)24 b(names)630 4987 y(are)31 b(case)g(insensitiv)m(e)
h(and)d(the)i Ft(SIG)e Fu(pre\014x)h(is)g(optional.)630
-4573 y(If)f(a)g Fr(sigsp)s(ec)35 b Fu(is)30 b Ft(0)f
+5121 y(If)f(a)g Fr(sigsp)s(ec)35 b Fu(is)30 b Ft(0)f
Fu(or)g Ft(EXIT)p Fu(,)f Fr(action)j Fu(is)e(executed)h(when)f(the)g
(shell)g(exits.)42 b(If)28 b(a)i Fr(sigsp)s(ec)35 b Fu(is)630
-4682 y Ft(DEBUG)p Fu(,)g Fr(action)g Fu(is)g(executed)h(b)s(efore)e(ev)
+5230 y Ft(DEBUG)p Fu(,)g Fr(action)g Fu(is)g(executed)h(b)s(efore)e(ev)
m(ery)h(simple)g(command,)h Ft(for)d Fu(command,)j Ft(case)630
-4792 y Fu(command,)29 b Ft(select)d Fu(command,)j(\(\()g(arithmetic)h
-(command,)e([[)h(conditional)h(command,)630 4902 y(arithmetic)44
+5340 y Fu(command,)29 b Ft(select)d Fu(command,)j(\(\()g(arithmetic)h
+(command,)e([[)h(conditional)h(command,)p eop end
+%%Page: 55 61
+TeXDict begin 55 60 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(55)630 299 y(arithmetic)44
b Ft(for)e Fu(command,)k(and)c(b)s(efore)g(the)h(\014rst)f(command)g
-(executes)i(in)f(a)g(shell)630 5011 y(function.)d(Refer)31
+(executes)i(in)f(a)g(shell)630 408 y(function.)d(Refer)31
b(to)g(the)f(description)h(of)f(the)h Ft(extdebug)d Fu(option)j(to)g
-(the)f Ft(shopt)f Fu(builtin)630 5121 y(\(see)35 b(Section)g(4.3.2)g
+(the)f Ft(shopt)f Fu(builtin)630 518 y(\(see)35 b(Section)g(4.3.2)g
([The)f(Shopt)f(Builtin],)j(page)f(71\))g(for)f(details)h(of)f(its)g
-(e\013ect)i(on)e(the)630 5230 y Ft(DEBUG)25 b Fu(trap.)39
+(e\013ect)i(on)e(the)630 628 y Ft(DEBUG)25 b Fu(trap.)39
b(If)26 b(a)g Fr(sigsp)s(ec)32 b Fu(is)26 b Ft(RETURN)p
Fu(,)g Fr(action)i Fu(is)e(executed)h(eac)m(h)g(time)g(a)g(shell)f
-(function)630 5340 y(or)k(a)h(script)f(executed)i(with)e(the)g
-Ft(.)g Fu(or)h Ft(source)d Fu(builtins)i(\014nishes)f(executing.)p
-eop end
-%%Page: 55 61
-TeXDict begin 55 60 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(55)630 299 y(If)25
-b(a)h Fr(sigsp)s(ec)31 b Fu(is)25 b Ft(ERR)p Fu(,)h Fr(action)g
-Fu(is)g(executed)g(whenev)m(er)f(a)h(pip)s(eline)f(\(whic)m(h)g(ma)m(y)
-h(consist)g(of)630 408 y(a)31 b(single)h(simple)f(command\),)h(a)f
-(list,)h(or)f(a)h(comp)s(ound)d(command)i(returns)f(a)h(non-zero)630
-518 y(exit)e(status,)g(sub)5 b(ject)27 b(to)i(the)f(follo)m(wing)h
-(conditions.)40 b(The)28 b Ft(ERR)f Fu(trap)g(is)h(not)g(executed)h(if)
-630 628 y(the)24 b(failed)h(command)e(is)h(part)g(of)g(the)g(command)g
-(list)h(immediately)g(follo)m(wing)h(an)d Ft(until)630
-737 y Fu(or)h Ft(while)f Fu(k)m(eyw)m(ord,)j(part)e(of)g(the)g(test)h
+(function)630 737 y(or)k(a)h(script)f(executed)i(with)e(the)g
+Ft(.)g Fu(or)h Ft(source)d Fu(builtins)i(\014nishes)f(executing.)630
+864 y(If)c(a)h Fr(sigsp)s(ec)31 b Fu(is)25 b Ft(ERR)p
+Fu(,)h Fr(action)g Fu(is)g(executed)g(whenev)m(er)f(a)h(pip)s(eline)f
+(\(whic)m(h)g(ma)m(y)h(consist)g(of)630 973 y(a)31 b(single)h(simple)f
+(command\),)h(a)f(list,)h(or)f(a)h(comp)s(ound)d(command)i(returns)f(a)
+h(non-zero)630 1083 y(exit)e(status,)g(sub)5 b(ject)27
+b(to)i(the)f(follo)m(wing)h(conditions.)40 b(The)28 b
+Ft(ERR)f Fu(trap)g(is)h(not)g(executed)h(if)630 1192
+y(the)24 b(failed)h(command)e(is)h(part)g(of)g(the)g(command)g(list)h
+(immediately)g(follo)m(wing)h(an)d Ft(until)630 1302
+y Fu(or)h Ft(while)f Fu(k)m(eyw)m(ord,)j(part)e(of)g(the)g(test)h
(follo)m(wing)h(the)e Ft(if)g Fu(or)g Ft(elif)f Fu(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m
-(ords,)h(part)630 847 y(of)37 b(a)g(command)f(executed)i(in)e(a)h
+(ords,)h(part)630 1412 y(of)37 b(a)g(command)f(executed)i(in)e(a)h
Ft(&&)f Fu(or)h Ft(||)f Fu(list)h(except)g(the)g(command)g(follo)m
-(wing)h(the)630 956 y(\014nal)f Ft(&&)f Fu(or)h Ft(||)p
+(wing)h(the)630 1521 y(\014nal)f Ft(&&)f Fu(or)h Ft(||)p
Fu(,)i(an)m(y)e(command)g(in)g(a)g(pip)s(eline)g(but)f(the)i(last,)i
-(or)d(if)g(the)g(command's)630 1066 y(return)31 b(status)i(is)f(b)s
+(or)d(if)g(the)g(command's)630 1631 y(return)31 b(status)i(is)f(b)s
(eing)f(in)m(v)m(erted)i(using)f Ft(!)p Fu(.)46 b(These)32
-b(are)g(the)h(same)f(conditions)h(ob)s(ey)m(ed)630 1176
+b(are)g(the)h(same)f(conditions)h(ob)s(ey)m(ed)630 1740
y(b)m(y)d(the)h Ft(errexit)d Fu(\()p Ft(-e)p Fu(\))j(option.)630
-1309 y(Signals)23 b(ignored)h(up)s(on)e(en)m(try)h(to)h(a)g(non-in)m
+1867 y(Signals)23 b(ignored)h(up)s(on)e(en)m(try)h(to)h(a)g(non-in)m
(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)d(cannot)h(b)s(e)f(trapp)s(ed)f(or)h(reset.)630
-1418 y(In)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shells)d(p)s(ermit)f(trapping)h(signals)h
+1976 y(In)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shells)d(p)s(ermit)f(trapping)h(signals)h
(ignored)f(on)g(en)m(try)-8 b(.)39 b(T)-8 b(rapp)s(ed)21
-b(signals)h(that)630 1528 y(are)30 b(not)g(b)s(eing)f(ignored)h(are)g
+b(signals)h(that)630 2086 y(are)30 b(not)g(b)s(eing)f(ignored)h(are)g
(reset)g(to)g(their)g(original)g(v)-5 b(alues)30 b(in)g(a)g(subshell)e
-(or)i(subshell)630 1638 y(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(when)e(one)i(is)f
-(created.)630 1771 y(The)g(return)f(status)i(is)f(zero)h(unless)f(a)h
+(or)i(subshell)630 2195 y(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(when)e(one)i(is)f
+(created.)630 2322 y(The)g(return)f(status)i(is)f(zero)h(unless)f(a)h
Fr(sigsp)s(ec)36 b Fu(do)s(es)30 b(not)h(sp)s(ecify)f(a)g(v)-5
-b(alid)31 b(signal.)150 1928 y Ft(umask)870 2061 y(umask)46
-b([-p])h([-S])g([)p Fj(mode)p Ft(])630 2194 y Fu(Set)30
+b(alid)31 b(signal.)150 2465 y Ft(umask)870 2591 y(umask)46
+b([-p])h([-S])g([)p Fj(mode)p Ft(])630 2718 y Fu(Set)30
b(the)f(shell)h(pro)s(cess's)f(\014le)h(creation)g(mask)g(to)g
Fr(mo)s(de)p Fu(.)40 b(If)29 b Fr(mo)s(de)34 b Fu(b)s(egins)29
-b(with)g(a)h(digit,)630 2304 y(it)e(is)f(in)m(terpreted)g(as)g(an)g(o)s
+b(with)g(a)h(digit,)630 2827 y(it)e(is)f(in)m(terpreted)g(as)g(an)g(o)s
(ctal)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(er;)e(if)g(not,)h(it)g(is)f(in)m(terpreted)g(as)g
-(a)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)f(mo)s(de)630 2413 y(mask)i(similar)g(to)g(that)h
+(a)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)f(mo)s(de)630 2937 y(mask)i(similar)g(to)g(that)h
(accepted)g(b)m(y)f(the)g Ft(chmod)e Fu(command.)40 b(If)28
-b Fr(mo)s(de)34 b Fu(is)28 b(omitted,)j(the)630 2523
+b Fr(mo)s(de)34 b Fu(is)28 b(omitted,)j(the)630 3047
y(curren)m(t)39 b(v)-5 b(alue)40 b(of)f(the)g(mask)g(is)h(prin)m(ted.)
66 b(If)39 b(the)g Ft(-S)g Fu(option)g(is)h(supplied)d(without)j(a)630
-2632 y Fr(mo)s(de)d Fu(argumen)m(t,)d(the)e(mask)g(is)h(prin)m(ted)f
+3156 y Fr(mo)s(de)d Fu(argumen)m(t,)d(the)e(mask)g(is)h(prin)m(ted)f
(in)g(a)g(sym)m(b)s(olic)h(format.)47 b(If)32 b(the)g
-Ft(-p)g Fu(option)h(is)630 2742 y(supplied,)f(and)f Fr(mo)s(de)37
+Ft(-p)g Fu(option)h(is)630 3266 y(supplied,)f(and)f Fr(mo)s(de)37
b Fu(is)32 b(omitted,)i(the)f(output)f(is)g(in)g(a)g(form)g(that)h(ma)m
-(y)g(b)s(e)e(reused)h(as)630 2852 y(input.)62 b(The)38
+(y)g(b)s(e)e(reused)h(as)630 3375 y(input.)62 b(The)38
b(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero)g(if)g(the)g(mo)s(de)g(is)g(successfully)
-g(c)m(hanged)g(or)g(if)g(no)630 2961 y Fr(mo)s(de)d Fu(argumen)m(t)c
-(is)f(supplied,)g(and)f(non-zero)i(otherwise.)630 3094
+g(c)m(hanged)g(or)g(if)g(no)630 3485 y Fr(mo)s(de)d Fu(argumen)m(t)c
+(is)f(supplied,)g(and)f(non-zero)i(otherwise.)630 3611
y(Note)38 b(that)e(when)g(the)g(mo)s(de)g(is)g(in)m(terpreted)h(as)f
(an)g(o)s(ctal)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)e(eac)m(h)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d(of)630
-3204 y(the)f(umask)g(is)h(subtracted)f(from)f Ft(7)p
+3721 y(the)f(umask)g(is)h(subtracted)f(from)f Ft(7)p
Fu(.)53 b(Th)m(us,)34 b(a)h(umask)e(of)i Ft(022)e Fu(results)h(in)g(p)s
-(ermissions)630 3314 y(of)d Ft(755)p Fu(.)150 3470 y
-Ft(unset)870 3604 y(unset)46 b([-fnv])g([)p Fj(name)p
-Ft(])630 3737 y Fu(Remo)m(v)m(e)36 b(eac)m(h)f(v)-5 b(ariable)35
+(ermissions)630 3830 y(of)d Ft(755)p Fu(.)150 3974 y
+Ft(unset)870 4100 y(unset)46 b([-fnv])g([)p Fj(name)p
+Ft(])630 4226 y Fu(Remo)m(v)m(e)36 b(eac)m(h)f(v)-5 b(ariable)35
b(or)f(function)f Fr(name)p Fu(.)52 b(If)33 b(the)i Ft(-v)e
-Fu(option)h(is)g(giv)m(en,)j(eac)m(h)e Fr(name)630 3846
+Fu(option)h(is)g(giv)m(en,)j(eac)m(h)e Fr(name)630 4336
y Fu(refers)27 b(to)h(a)g(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariable)28 b(and)f(that)h(v)-5
b(ariable)28 b(is)f(remo)m(v)m(ed.)41 b(If)27 b(the)g
-Ft(-f)g Fu(option)g(is)h(giv)m(en,)630 3956 y(the)37
+Ft(-f)g Fu(option)g(is)h(giv)m(en,)630 4446 y(the)37
b Fr(name)5 b Fu(s)37 b(refer)f(to)i(shell)f(functions,)h(and)e(the)h
(function)g(de\014nition)f(is)h(remo)m(v)m(ed.)61 b(If)630
-4066 y(the)34 b Ft(-n)e Fu(option)i(is)f(supplied,)h(and)e
+4555 y(the)34 b Ft(-n)e Fu(option)i(is)f(supplied,)h(and)e
Fr(name)39 b Fu(is)33 b(a)h(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(with)f(the)h
-Ft(nameref)d Fu(attribute,)630 4175 y Fr(name)42 b Fu(will)37
+Ft(nameref)d Fu(attribute,)630 4665 y Fr(name)42 b Fu(will)37
b(b)s(e)f(unset)g(rather)g(than)h(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable)37
b(it)g(references.)60 b Ft(-n)36 b Fu(has)g(no)h(e\013ect)h(if)630
-4285 y(the)h Ft(-f)g Fu(option)g(is)h(supplied.)65 b(If)39
+4774 y(the)h Ft(-f)g Fu(option)g(is)h(supplied.)65 b(If)39
b(no)g(options)h(are)f(supplied,)h(eac)m(h)h Fr(name)j
-Fu(refers)39 b(to)h(a)630 4394 y(v)-5 b(ariable;)45 b(if)39
+Fu(refers)39 b(to)h(a)630 4884 y(v)-5 b(ariable;)45 b(if)39
b(there)g(is)g(no)g(v)-5 b(ariable)40 b(b)m(y)f(that)h(name,)h(a)f
-(function)f(with)g(that)g(name,)j(if)630 4504 y(an)m(y)-8
+(function)f(with)g(that)g(name,)j(if)630 4994 y(an)m(y)-8
b(,)34 b(is)e(unset.)46 b(Readonly)33 b(v)-5 b(ariables)33
b(and)f(functions)g(ma)m(y)h(not)f(b)s(e)g(unset.)46
-b(Some)33 b(shell)630 4614 y(v)-5 b(ariables)29 b(lose)h(their)e(sp)s
+b(Some)33 b(shell)630 5103 y(v)-5 b(ariables)29 b(lose)h(their)e(sp)s
(ecial)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(if)f(they)h(are)g(unset;)g(suc)m(h)f(b)s(eha)
-m(vior)h(is)g(noted)f(in)630 4723 y(the)35 b(description)h(of)f(the)g
+m(vior)h(is)g(noted)f(in)630 5213 y(the)35 b(description)h(of)f(the)g
(individual)g(v)-5 b(ariables.)56 b(The)34 b(return)g(status)i(is)f
-(zero)h(unless)f(a)630 4833 y Fr(name)h Fu(is)30 b(readonly)g(or)h(ma)m
-(y)g(not)f(b)s(e)g(unset.)150 5071 y Fs(4.2)68 b(Bash)45
-b(Builtin)g(Commands)150 5230 y Fu(This)c(section)h(describ)s(es)f
-(builtin)f(commands)h(whic)m(h)g(are)h(unique)e(to)j(or)e(ha)m(v)m(e)h
-(b)s(een)f(extended)g(in)150 5340 y(Bash.)g(Some)30 b(of)h(these)g
-(commands)f(are)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(in)g(the)h Fm(posix)e
-Fu(standard.)p eop end
+(zero)h(unless)f(a)630 5322 y Fr(name)h Fu(is)30 b(readonly)g(or)h(ma)m
+(y)g(not)f(b)s(e)g(unset.)p eop end
%%Page: 56 62
TeXDict begin 56 61 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(56)150 299 y Ft(alias)870
-435 y(alias)46 b([-p])h([)p Fj(name)p Ft([=)p Fj(value)p
-Ft(])d(...)o(])630 571 y Fu(Without)26 b(argumen)m(ts)f(or)g(with)f
-(the)h Ft(-p)g Fu(option,)h Ft(alias)e Fu(prin)m(ts)g(the)h(list)h(of)f
-(aliases)h(on)f(the)630 680 y(standard)g(output)g(in)g(a)h(form)f(that)
-h(allo)m(ws)h(them)e(to)h(b)s(e)f(reused)g(as)g(input.)39
-b(If)25 b(argumen)m(ts)630 790 y(are)j(supplied,)e(an)i(alias)g(is)f
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(56)150 299 y Fs(4.2)68
+b(Bash)45 b(Builtin)g(Commands)150 458 y Fu(This)c(section)h(describ)s
+(es)f(builtin)f(commands)h(whic)m(h)g(are)h(unique)e(to)j(or)e(ha)m(v)m
+(e)h(b)s(een)f(extended)g(in)150 568 y(Bash.)g(Some)30
+b(of)h(these)g(commands)f(are)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(in)g(the)h
+Fm(posix)e Fu(standard.)150 717 y Ft(alias)870 847 y(alias)46
+b([-p])h([)p Fj(name)p Ft([=)p Fj(value)p Ft(])d(...)o(])630
+976 y Fu(Without)26 b(argumen)m(ts)f(or)g(with)f(the)h
+Ft(-p)g Fu(option,)h Ft(alias)e Fu(prin)m(ts)g(the)h(list)h(of)f
+(aliases)h(on)f(the)630 1086 y(standard)g(output)g(in)g(a)h(form)f
+(that)h(allo)m(ws)h(them)e(to)h(b)s(e)f(reused)g(as)g(input.)39
+b(If)25 b(argumen)m(ts)630 1196 y(are)j(supplied,)e(an)i(alias)g(is)f
(de\014ned)f(for)h(eac)m(h)h Fr(name)33 b Fu(whose)27
b Fr(v)-5 b(alue)33 b Fu(is)27 b(giv)m(en.)41 b(If)26
-b(no)h Fr(v)-5 b(alue)630 899 y Fu(is)37 b(giv)m(en,)j(the)d(name)g
+b(no)h Fr(v)-5 b(alue)630 1305 y Fu(is)37 b(giv)m(en,)j(the)d(name)g
(and)g(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)h(the)f(alias)h(is)f(prin)m(ted.)61
-b(Aliases)38 b(are)f(describ)s(ed)f(in)630 1009 y(Section)31
-b(6.6)h([Aliases],)g(page)f(100.)150 1171 y Ft(bind)870
-1307 y(bind)47 b([-m)g Fj(keymap)p Ft(])e([-lpsvPSVX])870
-1417 y(bind)i([-m)g Fj(keymap)p Ft(])e([-q)i Fj(function)p
+b(Aliases)38 b(are)f(describ)s(ed)f(in)630 1415 y(Section)31
+b(6.6)h([Aliases],)g(page)f(101.)150 1564 y Ft(bind)870
+1694 y(bind)47 b([-m)g Fj(keymap)p Ft(])e([-lpsvPSVX])870
+1803 y(bind)i([-m)g Fj(keymap)p Ft(])e([-q)i Fj(function)p
Ft(])f([-u)g Fj(function)p Ft(])g([-r)h Fj(keyseq)p Ft(])870
-1526 y(bind)g([-m)g Fj(keymap)p Ft(])e(-f)j Fj(filename)870
-1636 y Ft(bind)f([-m)g Fj(keymap)p Ft(])e(-x)j Fj(keyseq:shell-command)
-870 1745 y Ft(bind)f([-m)g Fj(keymap)p Ft(])e Fj(keyseq:function-name)
-870 1855 y Ft(bind)i([-m)g Fj(keymap)p Ft(])e Fj
-(keyseq:readline-command)870 1965 y Ft(bind)i Fj(readline-command-line)
-630 2101 y Fu(Displa)m(y)22 b(curren)m(t)f(Readline)h(\(see)f(Chapter)g
-(8)g([Command)f(Line)h(Editing],)j(page)e(117\))g(k)m(ey)630
-2210 y(and)36 b(function)g(bindings,)i(bind)d(a)i(k)m(ey)g(sequence)g
-(to)h(a)f(Readline)g(function)f(or)h(macro,)630 2320
+1913 y(bind)g([-m)g Fj(keymap)p Ft(])e(-f)j Fj(filename)870
+2022 y Ft(bind)f([-m)g Fj(keymap)p Ft(])e(-x)j Fj(keyseq:shell-command)
+870 2132 y Ft(bind)f([-m)g Fj(keymap)p Ft(])e Fj(keyseq:function-name)
+870 2242 y Ft(bind)i([-m)g Fj(keymap)p Ft(])e Fj
+(keyseq:readline-command)870 2351 y Ft(bind)i Fj(readline-command-line)
+630 2481 y Fu(Displa)m(y)22 b(curren)m(t)f(Readline)h(\(see)f(Chapter)g
+(8)g([Command)f(Line)h(Editing],)j(page)e(120\))g(k)m(ey)630
+2590 y(and)36 b(function)g(bindings,)i(bind)d(a)i(k)m(ey)g(sequence)g
+(to)h(a)f(Readline)g(function)f(or)h(macro,)630 2700
y(or)44 b(set)h(a)g(Readline)f(v)-5 b(ariable.)83 b(Eac)m(h)45
b(non-option)g(argumen)m(t)f(is)g(a)h(command)f(as)g(it)630
-2429 y(w)m(ould)e(app)s(ear)f(in)h(a)h(Readline)g(initialization)i
+2809 y(w)m(ould)e(app)s(ear)f(in)h(a)h(Readline)g(initialization)i
(\014le)d(\(see)h(Section)g(8.3)g([Readline)g(Init)630
-2539 y(File],)c(page)d(120\),)j(but)c(eac)m(h)h(binding)f(or)g(command)
-h(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(passed)g(as)h(a)g(separate)630 2648
+2919 y(File],)c(page)d(123\),)j(but)c(eac)m(h)h(binding)f(or)g(command)
+h(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(passed)g(as)h(a)g(separate)630 3029
y(argumen)m(t;)31 b(e.g.,)h(`)p Ft("\\C-x\\C-r":re-read-init-f)o(ile)p
-Fu('.)630 2784 y(Options,)e(if)h(supplied,)e(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)g(follo)m
-(wing)h(meanings:)630 2947 y Ft(-m)e Fj(keymap)66 b Fu(Use)54
+Fu('.)630 3158 y(Options,)e(if)h(supplied,)e(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)g(follo)m
+(wing)h(meanings:)630 3308 y Ft(-m)e Fj(keymap)66 b Fu(Use)54
b Fr(k)m(eymap)j Fu(as)d(the)g(k)m(eymap)g(to)h(b)s(e)e(a\013ected)i(b)
-m(y)f(the)g(subsequen)m(t)1110 3056 y(bindings.)46 b(Acceptable)34
+m(y)f(the)g(subsequen)m(t)1110 3417 y(bindings.)46 b(Acceptable)34
b Fr(k)m(eymap)i Fu(names)c(are)h Ft(emacs)p Fu(,)f Ft(emacs-standard)p
-Fu(,)1110 3166 y Ft(emacs-meta)p Fu(,)99 b Ft(emacs-ctlx)p
+Fu(,)1110 3527 y Ft(emacs-meta)p Fu(,)99 b Ft(emacs-ctlx)p
Fu(,)f Ft(vi)p Fu(,)j Ft(vi-move)p Fu(,)f Ft(vi-command)p
-Fu(,)f(and)1110 3275 y Ft(vi-insert)p Fu(.)81 b Ft(vi)44
+Fu(,)f(and)1110 3636 y Ft(vi-insert)p Fu(.)81 b Ft(vi)44
b Fu(is)h(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)46 b(to)g Ft(vi-command)c
-Fu(\()p Ft(vi-move)h Fu(is)i(also)h(a)1110 3385 y(synon)m(ym\);)30
+Fu(\()p Ft(vi-move)h Fu(is)i(also)h(a)1110 3746 y(synon)m(ym\);)30
b Ft(emacs)f Fu(is)i(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)f Ft(emacs-standard)p
-Fu(.)630 3547 y Ft(-l)384 b Fu(List)31 b(the)f(names)g(of)h(all)g
-(Readline)g(functions.)630 3709 y Ft(-p)384 b Fu(Displa)m(y)34
+Fu(.)630 3895 y Ft(-l)384 b Fu(List)31 b(the)f(names)g(of)h(all)g
+(Readline)g(functions.)630 4045 y Ft(-p)384 b Fu(Displa)m(y)34
b(Readline)f(function)g(names)g(and)f(bindings)f(in)i(suc)m(h)f(a)i(w)m
-(a)m(y)f(that)1110 3819 y(they)e(can)f(b)s(e)g(used)g(as)g(input)g(or)g
-(in)g(a)h(Readline)g(initialization)i(\014le.)630 3981
+(a)m(y)f(that)1110 4154 y(they)e(can)f(b)s(e)g(used)g(as)g(input)g(or)g
+(in)g(a)h(Readline)g(initialization)i(\014le.)630 4304
y Ft(-P)384 b Fu(List)31 b(curren)m(t)f(Readline)h(function)f(names)g
-(and)g(bindings.)630 4143 y Ft(-v)384 b Fu(Displa)m(y)25
+(and)g(bindings.)630 4453 y Ft(-v)384 b Fu(Displa)m(y)25
b(Readline)f(v)-5 b(ariable)25 b(names)f(and)f(v)-5 b(alues)24
-b(in)g(suc)m(h)f(a)i(w)m(a)m(y)f(that)h(they)1110 4253
+b(in)g(suc)m(h)f(a)i(w)m(a)m(y)f(that)h(they)1110 4563
y(can)31 b(b)s(e)e(used)h(as)h(input)e(or)h(in)g(a)h(Readline)g
-(initialization)j(\014le.)630 4415 y Ft(-V)384 b Fu(List)31
+(initialization)j(\014le.)630 4712 y Ft(-V)384 b Fu(List)31
b(curren)m(t)f(Readline)h(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(names)f(and)g(v)-5
-b(alues.)630 4577 y Ft(-s)384 b Fu(Displa)m(y)39 b(Readline)f(k)m(ey)g
+b(alues.)630 4862 y Ft(-s)384 b Fu(Displa)m(y)39 b(Readline)f(k)m(ey)g
(sequences)f(b)s(ound)f(to)i(macros)g(and)f(the)g(strings)1110
-4687 y(they)d(output)f(in)h(suc)m(h)f(a)h(w)m(a)m(y)h(that)f(they)g
-(can)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(as)h(input)e(or)i(in)g(a)1110 4796
-y(Readline)d(initialization)i(\014le.)630 4959 y Ft(-S)384
+4971 y(they)d(output)f(in)h(suc)m(h)f(a)h(w)m(a)m(y)h(that)f(they)g
+(can)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(as)h(input)e(or)i(in)g(a)1110 5081
+y(Readline)d(initialization)i(\014le.)630 5230 y Ft(-S)384
b Fu(Displa)m(y)39 b(Readline)f(k)m(ey)g(sequences)f(b)s(ound)f(to)i
-(macros)g(and)f(the)g(strings)1110 5068 y(they)31 b(output.)630
-5230 y Ft(-f)f Fj(filename)1110 5340 y Fu(Read)h(k)m(ey)g(bindings)e
-(from)h Fr(\014lename)p Fu(.)p eop end
+(macros)g(and)f(the)g(strings)1110 5340 y(they)31 b(output.)p
+eop end
%%Page: 57 63
TeXDict begin 57 62 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(57)630 299 y Ft(-q)30
-b Fj(function)1110 408 y Fu(Query)g(ab)s(out)g(whic)m(h)g(k)m(eys)h(in)
-m(v)m(ok)m(e)h(the)f(named)f Fr(function)p Fu(.)630 564
-y Ft(-u)g Fj(function)1110 673 y Fu(Un)m(bind)f(all)i(k)m(eys)g(b)s
-(ound)e(to)i(the)f(named)g Fr(function)p Fu(.)630 829
-y Ft(-r)g Fj(keyseq)66 b Fu(Remo)m(v)m(e)32 b(an)m(y)f(curren)m(t)f
-(binding)f(for)h Fr(k)m(eyseq)p Fu(.)630 984 y Ft(-x)g
-Fj(keyseq:shell-command)1110 1093 y Fu(Cause)35 b Fr(shell-command)k
-Fu(to)d(b)s(e)f(executed)h(whenev)m(er)f Fr(k)m(eyseq)j
-Fu(is)d(en)m(tered.)1110 1203 y(When)46 b Fr(shell-command)k
-Fu(is)c(executed,)51 b(the)46 b(shell)g(sets)g(the)g
-Ft(READLINE_)1110 1313 y(LINE)37 b Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)38
-b(to)g(the)g(con)m(ten)m(ts)i(of)e(the)g(Readline)g(line)g(bu\013er)f
-(and)g(the)1110 1422 y Ft(READLINE_POINT)d Fu(and)j Ft(READLINE_MARK)d
-Fu(v)-5 b(ariables)39 b(to)f(the)g(curren)m(t)g(lo-)1110
-1532 y(cation)46 b(of)f(the)g(insertion)g(p)s(oin)m(t)f(and)g(the)h(sa)
-m(v)m(ed)h(insertion)f(p)s(oin)m(t)f(\(the)1110 1641
-y Fr(mark)6 b Fu(\),)38 b(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)62
-b(The)36 b(shell)h(assigns)g(an)m(y)g(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t)g(the)
-1110 1751 y(user)43 b(supplied)g(to)h(the)g Ft(READLINE_ARGUMENT)39
-b Fu(v)-5 b(ariable.)82 b(If)44 b(there)g(w)m(as)1110
-1861 y(no)39 b(argumen)m(t,)j(that)d(v)-5 b(ariable)40
-b(is)f(not)g(set.)68 b(If)38 b(the)h(executed)h(command)1110
-1970 y(c)m(hanges)e(the)e(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)g(an)m(y)g(of)g
-Ft(READLINE_LINE)p Fu(,)d Ft(READLINE_POINT)p Fu(,)h(or)1110
-2080 y Ft(READLINE_MARK)p Fu(,)i(those)i(new)f(v)-5 b(alues)38
-b(will)h(b)s(e)f(re\015ected)h(in)f(the)g(editing)1110
-2189 y(state.)630 2345 y Ft(-X)384 b Fu(List)27 b(all)i(k)m(ey)f
-(sequences)f(b)s(ound)e(to)j(shell)g(commands)e(and)h(the)g(asso)s
-(ciated)1110 2454 y(commands)j(in)g(a)h(format)g(that)f(can)h(b)s(e)f
-(reused)f(as)i(input.)630 2609 y(The)26 b(return)f(status)i(is)f(zero)i
-(unless)d(an)i(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)27 b(option)g(is)f(supplied)f(or)i(an)f
-(error)g(o)s(ccurs.)150 2765 y Ft(builtin)870 2897 y(builtin)46
-b([)p Fj(shell-builtin)e Ft([)p Fj(args)p Ft(]])630 3029
-y Fu(Run)35 b(a)i(shell)f(builtin,)i(passing)e(it)h Fr(args)p
-Fu(,)h(and)e(return)f(its)i(exit)g(status.)59 b(This)35
-b(is)i(useful)630 3139 y(when)29 b(de\014ning)h(a)g(shell)h(function)f
-(with)g(the)g(same)h(name)f(as)h(a)g(shell)f(builtin,)g(retaining)630
-3249 y(the)k(functionalit)m(y)h(of)f(the)f(builtin)g(within)g(the)h
-(function.)50 b(The)33 b(return)g(status)h(is)f(non-)630
-3358 y(zero)e(if)g Fr(shell-builtin)f Fu(is)g(not)h(a)g(shell)f
-(builtin)g(command.)150 3513 y Ft(caller)870 3646 y(caller)46
-b([)p Fj(expr)p Ft(])630 3778 y Fu(Returns)34 b(the)g(con)m(text)j(of)e
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(57)630 299 y Ft(-f)30
+b Fj(filename)1110 408 y Fu(Read)h(k)m(ey)g(bindings)e(from)h
+Fr(\014lename)p Fu(.)630 571 y Ft(-q)g Fj(function)1110
+680 y Fu(Query)g(ab)s(out)g(whic)m(h)g(k)m(eys)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)h(the)
+f(named)f Fr(function)p Fu(.)630 842 y Ft(-u)g Fj(function)1110
+952 y Fu(Un)m(bind)f(all)i(k)m(eys)g(b)s(ound)e(to)i(the)f(named)g
+Fr(function)p Fu(.)630 1114 y Ft(-r)g Fj(keyseq)66 b
+Fu(Remo)m(v)m(e)32 b(an)m(y)f(curren)m(t)f(binding)f(for)h
+Fr(k)m(eyseq)p Fu(.)630 1276 y Ft(-x)g Fj(keyseq:shell-command)1110
+1386 y Fu(Cause)35 b Fr(shell-command)k Fu(to)d(b)s(e)f(executed)h
+(whenev)m(er)f Fr(k)m(eyseq)j Fu(is)d(en)m(tered.)1110
+1496 y(When)46 b Fr(shell-command)k Fu(is)c(executed,)51
+b(the)46 b(shell)g(sets)g(the)g Ft(READLINE_)1110 1605
+y(LINE)37 b Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b(to)g(the)g(con)m(ten)m(ts)i(of)e
+(the)g(Readline)g(line)g(bu\013er)f(and)g(the)1110 1715
+y Ft(READLINE_POINT)d Fu(and)j Ft(READLINE_MARK)d Fu(v)-5
+b(ariables)39 b(to)f(the)g(curren)m(t)g(lo-)1110 1824
+y(cation)46 b(of)f(the)g(insertion)g(p)s(oin)m(t)f(and)g(the)h(sa)m(v)m
+(ed)h(insertion)f(p)s(oin)m(t)f(\(the)1110 1934 y Fr(mark)6
+b Fu(\),)38 b(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)62 b(The)36 b(shell)h(assigns)g
+(an)m(y)g(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t)g(the)1110 2044 y(user)43
+b(supplied)g(to)h(the)g Ft(READLINE_ARGUMENT)39 b Fu(v)-5
+b(ariable.)82 b(If)44 b(there)g(w)m(as)1110 2153 y(no)39
+b(argumen)m(t,)j(that)d(v)-5 b(ariable)40 b(is)f(not)g(set.)68
+b(If)38 b(the)h(executed)h(command)1110 2263 y(c)m(hanges)e(the)e(v)-5
+b(alue)37 b(of)g(an)m(y)g(of)g Ft(READLINE_LINE)p Fu(,)d
+Ft(READLINE_POINT)p Fu(,)h(or)1110 2372 y Ft(READLINE_MARK)p
+Fu(,)i(those)i(new)f(v)-5 b(alues)38 b(will)h(b)s(e)f(re\015ected)h(in)
+f(the)g(editing)1110 2482 y(state.)630 2644 y Ft(-X)384
+b Fu(List)27 b(all)i(k)m(ey)f(sequences)f(b)s(ound)e(to)j(shell)g
+(commands)e(and)h(the)g(asso)s(ciated)1110 2754 y(commands)j(in)g(a)h
+(format)g(that)f(can)h(b)s(e)f(reused)f(as)i(input.)630
+2916 y(The)26 b(return)f(status)i(is)f(zero)i(unless)d(an)i(in)m(v)-5
+b(alid)27 b(option)g(is)f(supplied)f(or)i(an)f(error)g(o)s(ccurs.)150
+3078 y Ft(builtin)870 3214 y(builtin)46 b([)p Fj(shell-builtin)e
+Ft([)p Fj(args)p Ft(]])630 3350 y Fu(Run)35 b(a)i(shell)f(builtin,)i
+(passing)e(it)h Fr(args)p Fu(,)h(and)e(return)f(its)i(exit)g(status.)59
+b(This)35 b(is)i(useful)630 3459 y(when)29 b(de\014ning)h(a)g(shell)h
+(function)f(with)g(the)g(same)h(name)f(as)h(a)g(shell)f(builtin,)g
+(retaining)630 3569 y(the)k(functionalit)m(y)h(of)f(the)f(builtin)g
+(within)g(the)h(function.)50 b(The)33 b(return)g(status)h(is)f(non-)630
+3679 y(zero)e(if)g Fr(shell-builtin)f Fu(is)g(not)h(a)g(shell)f
+(builtin)g(command.)150 3841 y Ft(caller)870 3977 y(caller)46
+b([)p Fj(expr)p Ft(])630 4113 y Fu(Returns)34 b(the)g(con)m(text)j(of)e
(an)m(y)g(activ)m(e)i(subroutine)c(call)j(\(a)f(shell)g(function)f(or)h
-(a)g(script)630 3888 y(executed)c(with)f(the)h Ft(.)f
-Fu(or)g Ft(source)f Fu(builtins\).)630 4020 y(Without)45
+(a)g(script)630 4222 y(executed)c(with)f(the)h Ft(.)f
+Fu(or)g Ft(source)f Fu(builtins\).)630 4358 y(Without)45
b Fr(expr)p Fu(,)j Ft(caller)43 b Fu(displa)m(ys)i(the)f(line)h(n)m(um)
-m(b)s(er)f(and)g(source)g(\014lename)h(of)g(the)630 4130
+m(b)s(er)f(and)g(source)g(\014lename)h(of)g(the)630 4468
y(curren)m(t)35 b(subroutine)g(call.)58 b(If)35 b(a)h(non-negativ)m(e)i
(in)m(teger)f(is)f(supplied)e(as)i Fr(expr)p Fu(,)h Ft(caller)630
-4240 y Fu(displa)m(ys)k(the)f(line)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)h(subroutine)d
+4577 y Fu(displa)m(ys)k(the)f(line)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)h(subroutine)d
(name,)44 b(and)c(source)g(\014le)h(corresp)s(onding)e(to)630
-4349 y(that)c(p)s(osition)g(in)f(the)h(curren)m(t)f(execution)i(call)g
+4687 y(that)c(p)s(osition)g(in)f(the)h(curren)m(t)f(execution)i(call)g
(stac)m(k.)54 b(This)34 b(extra)h(information)g(ma)m(y)630
-4459 y(b)s(e)30 b(used,)g(for)g(example,)h(to)g(prin)m(t)f(a)h(stac)m
+4796 y(b)s(e)30 b(used,)g(for)g(example,)h(to)g(prin)m(t)f(a)h(stac)m
(k)h(trace.)42 b(The)29 b(curren)m(t)i(frame)f(is)g(frame)h(0.)630
-4591 y(The)d(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(is)g(0)g(unless)f(the)h(shell)g
+4932 y(The)d(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(is)g(0)g(unless)f(the)h(shell)g
(is)g(not)g(executing)h(a)f(subroutine)e(call)j(or)f
-Fr(expr)630 4701 y Fu(do)s(es)h(not)h(corresp)s(ond)e(to)i(a)g(v)-5
+Fr(expr)630 5042 y Fu(do)s(es)h(not)h(corresp)s(ond)e(to)i(a)g(v)-5
b(alid)30 b(p)s(osition)h(in)f(the)g(call)i(stac)m(k.)150
-4856 y Ft(command)870 4988 y(command)46 b([-pVv])g Fj(command)g
-Ft([)p Fj(arguments)f Ft(...)o(])630 5121 y Fu(Runs)32
+5204 y Ft(command)870 5340 y(command)46 b([-pVv])g Fj(command)g
+Ft([)p Fj(arguments)f Ft(...)o(])p eop end
+%%Page: 58 64
+TeXDict begin 58 63 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(58)630 299 y(Runs)32
b Fr(command)k Fu(with)d Fr(argumen)m(ts)k Fu(ignoring)c(an)m(y)g
-(shell)h(function)e(named)h Fr(command)p Fu(.)630 5230
+(shell)h(function)e(named)h Fr(command)p Fu(.)630 408
y(Only)39 b(shell)i(builtin)e(commands)h(or)g(commands)f(found)g(b)m(y)
-h(searc)m(hing)h(the)f Ft(PATH)f Fu(are)630 5340 y(executed.)59
+h(searc)m(hing)h(the)f Ft(PATH)f Fu(are)630 518 y(executed.)59
b(If)36 b(there)h(is)f(a)h(shell)f(function)g(named)g
Ft(ls)p Fu(,)h(running)e(`)p Ft(command)29 b(ls)p Fu(')35
-b(within)p eop end
-%%Page: 58 64
-TeXDict begin 58 63 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(58)630 299 y(the)31
-b(function)f(will)h(execute)g(the)g(external)g(command)g
-Ft(ls)f Fu(instead)g(of)h(calling)h(the)f(func-)630 408
-y(tion)36 b(recursiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)56 b(The)34 b Ft(-p)h
+b(within)630 628 y(the)c(function)f(will)h(execute)g(the)g(external)g
+(command)g Ft(ls)f Fu(instead)g(of)h(calling)h(the)f(func-)630
+737 y(tion)36 b(recursiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)56 b(The)34 b Ft(-p)h
Fu(option)g(means)g(to)h(use)f(a)g(default)h(v)-5 b(alue)35
-b(for)g Ft(PATH)f Fu(that)i(is)630 518 y(guaran)m(teed)f(to)f(\014nd)e
+b(for)g Ft(PATH)f Fu(that)i(is)630 847 y(guaran)m(teed)f(to)f(\014nd)e
(all)j(of)f(the)g(standard)f(utilities.)52 b(The)33 b(return)g(status)h
-(in)f(this)h(case)630 628 y(is)29 b(127)g(if)g Fr(command)j
+(in)f(this)h(case)630 956 y(is)29 b(127)g(if)g Fr(command)j
Fu(cannot)d(b)s(e)e(found)h(or)g(an)g(error)h(o)s(ccurred,)f(and)g(the)
-h(exit)g(status)g(of)630 737 y Fr(command)34 b Fu(otherwise.)630
-870 y(If)e(either)h(the)f Ft(-V)g Fu(or)g Ft(-v)g Fu(option)h(is)f
+h(exit)g(status)g(of)630 1066 y Fr(command)34 b Fu(otherwise.)630
+1201 y(If)e(either)h(the)f Ft(-V)g Fu(or)g Ft(-v)g Fu(option)h(is)f
(supplied,)g(a)h(description)f(of)h Fr(command)j Fu(is)c(prin)m(ted.)
-630 979 y(The)f Ft(-v)h Fu(option)g(causes)g(a)g(single)h(w)m(ord)f
+630 1311 y(The)f Ft(-v)h Fu(option)g(causes)g(a)g(single)h(w)m(ord)f
(indicating)g(the)g(command)g(or)g(\014le)g(name)g(used)630
-1089 y(to)40 b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)h Fr(command)h Fu(to)e(b)s(e)e(displa)m
+1421 y(to)40 b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)h Fr(command)h Fu(to)e(b)s(e)e(displa)m
(y)m(ed;)44 b(the)39 b Ft(-V)f Fu(option)i(pro)s(duces)d(a)j(more)f(v)m
-(erb)s(ose)630 1199 y(description.)61 b(In)36 b(this)h(case,)j(the)e
+(erb)s(ose)630 1530 y(description.)61 b(In)36 b(this)h(case,)j(the)e
(return)e(status)h(is)g(zero)h(if)f Fr(command)k Fu(is)c(found,)h(and)
-630 1308 y(non-zero)31 b(if)f(not.)150 1464 y Ft(declare)870
-1597 y(declare)46 b([-aAfFgiIlnrtux])d([-p])k([)p Fj(name)p
-Ft([=)p Fj(value)p Ft(])d(...)o(])630 1729 y Fu(Declare)29
+630 1640 y(non-zero)31 b(if)f(not.)150 1801 y Ft(declare)870
+1936 y(declare)46 b([-aAfFgiIlnrtux])d([-p])k([)p Fj(name)p
+Ft([=)p Fj(value)p Ft(])d(...)o(])630 2072 y Fu(Declare)29
b(v)-5 b(ariables)28 b(and)e(giv)m(e)j(them)e(attributes.)40
b(If)27 b(no)g Fr(name)5 b Fu(s)27 b(are)h(giv)m(en,)h(then)e(displa)m
-(y)630 1839 y(the)k(v)-5 b(alues)30 b(of)h(v)-5 b(ariables)31
-b(instead.)630 1972 y(The)k Ft(-p)f Fu(option)i(will)g(displa)m(y)f
+(y)630 2181 y(the)k(v)-5 b(alues)30 b(of)h(v)-5 b(ariables)31
+b(instead.)630 2317 y(The)k Ft(-p)f Fu(option)i(will)g(displa)m(y)f
(the)h(attributes)g(and)e(v)-5 b(alues)36 b(of)f(eac)m(h)i
-Fr(name)p Fu(.)55 b(When)36 b Ft(-p)630 2081 y Fu(is)i(used)g(with)g
+Fr(name)p Fu(.)55 b(When)36 b Ft(-p)630 2426 y Fu(is)i(used)g(with)g
Fr(name)43 b Fu(argumen)m(ts,)e(additional)e(options,)i(other)d(than)g
-Ft(-f)g Fu(and)g Ft(-F)p Fu(,)i(are)630 2191 y(ignored.)630
-2323 y(When)g Ft(-p)g Fu(is)g(supplied)f(without)i Fr(name)k
+Ft(-f)g Fu(and)g Ft(-F)p Fu(,)i(are)630 2536 y(ignored.)630
+2671 y(When)g Ft(-p)g Fu(is)g(supplied)f(without)i Fr(name)k
Fu(argumen)m(ts,)f Ft(declare)38 b Fu(will)j(displa)m(y)f(the)h(at-)630
-2433 y(tributes)31 b(and)f(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(of)g(all)h(v)-5
+2781 y(tributes)31 b(and)f(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(of)g(all)h(v)-5
b(ariables)31 b(ha)m(ving)h(the)f(attributes)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)h
-(the)g(addi-)630 2543 y(tional)k(options.)52 b(If)34
+(the)g(addi-)630 2890 y(tional)k(options.)52 b(If)34
b(no)g(other)g(options)g(are)g(supplied)f(with)h Ft(-p)p
-Fu(,)g Ft(declare)e Fu(will)j(displa)m(y)630 2652 y(the)e(attributes)h
+Fu(,)g Ft(declare)e Fu(will)j(displa)m(y)630 3000 y(the)e(attributes)h
(and)e(v)-5 b(alues)33 b(of)g(all)h(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariables.)50
b(The)32 b Ft(-f)g Fu(option)i(will)f(restrict)h(the)630
-2762 y(displa)m(y)d(to)g(shell)f(functions.)630 2894
+3110 y(displa)m(y)d(to)g(shell)f(functions.)630 3245
y(The)41 b Ft(-F)f Fu(option)i(inhibits)e(the)i(displa)m(y)f(of)g
(function)g(de\014nitions;)47 b(only)41 b(the)g(function)630
-3004 y(name)30 b(and)f(attributes)i(are)f(prin)m(ted.)40
+3354 y(name)30 b(and)f(attributes)i(are)f(prin)m(ted.)40
b(If)30 b(the)g Ft(extdebug)e Fu(shell)i(option)g(is)g(enabled)g(using)
-630 3114 y Ft(shopt)24 b Fu(\(see)i(Section)g(4.3.2)i([The)d(Shopt)f
+630 3464 y Ft(shopt)24 b Fu(\(see)i(Section)g(4.3.2)i([The)d(Shopt)f
(Builtin],)k(page)e(71\),)i(the)d(source)h(\014le)f(name)h(and)630
-3223 y(line)31 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(where)h(eac)m(h)h
+3574 y(line)31 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(where)h(eac)m(h)h
Fr(name)36 b Fu(is)30 b(de\014ned)f(are)i(displa)m(y)m(ed)g(as)g(w)m
-(ell.)41 b Ft(-F)30 b Fu(implies)h Ft(-f)p Fu(.)630 3356
+(ell.)41 b Ft(-F)30 b Fu(implies)h Ft(-f)p Fu(.)630 3709
y(The)36 b Ft(-g)g Fu(option)h(forces)g(v)-5 b(ariables)37
b(to)g(b)s(e)f(created)i(or)e(mo)s(di\014ed)g(at)h(the)g(global)h(scop)
-s(e,)630 3465 y(ev)m(en)g(when)e Ft(declare)f Fu(is)j(executed)g(in)f
+s(e,)630 3819 y(ev)m(en)g(when)e Ft(declare)f Fu(is)j(executed)g(in)f
(a)g(shell)h(function.)61 b(It)37 b(is)g(ignored)h(in)f(all)h(other)630
-3575 y(cases.)630 3708 y(The)50 b Ft(-I)h Fu(option)g(causes)h(lo)s
+3928 y(cases.)630 4064 y(The)50 b Ft(-I)h Fu(option)g(causes)h(lo)s
(cal)g(v)-5 b(ariables)51 b(to)h(inherit)f(the)g(attributes)g(\(except)
-i(the)630 3817 y Ft(nameref)43 b Fu(attribute\))j(and)f(v)-5
+i(the)630 4173 y Ft(nameref)43 b Fu(attribute\))j(and)f(v)-5
b(alue)46 b(of)f(an)m(y)h(existing)g(v)-5 b(ariable)46
-b(with)f(the)g(same)h Fr(name)630 3927 y Fu(at)40 b(a)f(surrounding)d
+b(with)f(the)g(same)h Fr(name)630 4283 y Fu(at)40 b(a)f(surrounding)d
(scop)s(e.)66 b(If)39 b(there)g(is)g(no)f(existing)i(v)-5
b(ariable,)42 b(the)d(lo)s(cal)h(v)-5 b(ariable)40 b(is)630
-4036 y(initially)32 b(unset.)630 4169 y(The)27 b(follo)m(wing)h
+4392 y(initially)32 b(unset.)630 4528 y(The)27 b(follo)m(wing)h
(options)g(can)f(b)s(e)g(used)f(to)i(restrict)g(output)e(to)i(v)-5
-b(ariables)28 b(with)f(the)g(sp)s(ec-)630 4279 y(i\014ed)j(attributes)h
+b(ariables)28 b(with)f(the)g(sp)s(ec-)630 4637 y(i\014ed)j(attributes)h
(or)f(to)h(giv)m(e)h(v)-5 b(ariables)31 b(attributes:)630
-4434 y Ft(-a)384 b Fu(Eac)m(h)36 b Fr(name)k Fu(is)34
+4798 y Ft(-a)384 b Fu(Eac)m(h)36 b Fr(name)k Fu(is)34
b(an)h(indexed)g(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)36 b(\(see)f(Section)h(6.7)g
-([Arra)m(ys],)1110 4544 y(page)31 b(100\).)630 4700 y
+([Arra)m(ys],)1110 4908 y(page)31 b(101\).)630 5069 y
Ft(-A)384 b Fu(Eac)m(h)24 b Fr(name)k Fu(is)23 b(an)g(asso)s(ciativ)m
(e)j(arra)m(y)e(v)-5 b(ariable)24 b(\(see)g(Section)g(6.7)g([Arra)m
-(ys],)1110 4809 y(page)31 b(100\).)630 4965 y Ft(-f)384
-b Fu(Use)31 b(function)f(names)g(only)-8 b(.)630 5121
-y Ft(-i)384 b Fu(The)36 b(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(is)f(to)h(b)s(e)f
-(treated)h(as)g(an)f(in)m(teger;)41 b(arithmetic)c(ev)-5
-b(aluation)1110 5230 y(\(see)29 b(Section)f(6.5)h([Shell)f
-(Arithmetic],)i(page)e(98\))h(is)f(p)s(erformed)e(when)h(the)1110
-5340 y(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)g(assigned)f(a)h(v)-5 b(alue.)p
-eop end
+(ys],)1110 5179 y(page)31 b(101\).)630 5340 y Ft(-f)384
+b Fu(Use)31 b(function)f(names)g(only)-8 b(.)p eop end
%%Page: 59 65
-TeXDict begin 59 64 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(59)630 299 y Ft(-l)384
-b Fu(When)26 b(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(is)f(assigned)g(a)g(v)-5
-b(alue,)28 b(all)f(upp)s(er-case)e(c)m(haracters)j(are)1110
-408 y(con)m(v)m(erted)k(to)f(lo)m(w)m(er-case.)43 b(The)30
-b(upp)s(er-case)g(attribute)h(is)g(disabled.)630 579
-y Ft(-n)384 b Fu(Giv)m(e)28 b(eac)m(h)g Fr(name)k Fu(the)27
-b Ft(nameref)d Fu(attribute,)29 b(making)e(it)g(a)g(name)f(reference)
-1110 689 y(to)32 b(another)g(v)-5 b(ariable.)46 b(That)31
-b(other)h(v)-5 b(ariable)33 b(is)f(de\014ned)e(b)m(y)i(the)g(v)-5
-b(alue)32 b(of)1110 798 y Fr(name)p Fu(.)54 b(All)35
+TeXDict begin 59 64 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)h(Shell)f
+(Builtin)h(Commands)2079 b(59)630 299 y Ft(-i)384 b Fu(The)36
+b(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(is)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(treated)h(as)g(an)f(in)m
+(teger;)41 b(arithmetic)c(ev)-5 b(aluation)1110 408 y(\(see)29
+b(Section)f(6.5)h([Shell)f(Arithmetic],)i(page)e(99\))h(is)f(p)s
+(erformed)e(when)h(the)1110 518 y(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)g(assigned)f
+(a)h(v)-5 b(alue.)630 682 y Ft(-l)384 b Fu(When)26 b(the)g(v)-5
+b(ariable)27 b(is)f(assigned)g(a)g(v)-5 b(alue,)28 b(all)f(upp)s
+(er-case)e(c)m(haracters)j(are)1110 792 y(con)m(v)m(erted)k(to)f(lo)m
+(w)m(er-case.)43 b(The)30 b(upp)s(er-case)g(attribute)h(is)g(disabled.)
+630 956 y Ft(-n)384 b Fu(Giv)m(e)28 b(eac)m(h)g Fr(name)k
+Fu(the)27 b Ft(nameref)d Fu(attribute,)29 b(making)e(it)g(a)g(name)f
+(reference)1110 1066 y(to)32 b(another)g(v)-5 b(ariable.)46
+b(That)31 b(other)h(v)-5 b(ariable)33 b(is)f(de\014ned)e(b)m(y)i(the)g
+(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(of)1110 1176 y Fr(name)p Fu(.)54 b(All)35
b(references,)h(assignmen)m(ts,)h(and)d(attribute)h(mo)s(di\014cations)
-g(to)1110 908 y Fr(name)p Fu(,)27 b(except)f(for)f(those)h(using)f(or)g
-(c)m(hanging)h(the)f Ft(-n)g Fu(attribute)h(itself,)i(are)1110
-1017 y(p)s(erformed)22 b(on)h(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable)25
+g(to)1110 1285 y Fr(name)p Fu(,)27 b(except)f(for)f(those)h(using)f(or)
+g(c)m(hanging)h(the)f Ft(-n)g Fu(attribute)h(itself,)i(are)1110
+1395 y(p)s(erformed)22 b(on)h(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable)25
b(referenced)e(b)m(y)g Fr(name)5 b Fu('s)23 b(v)-5 b(alue.)39
-b(The)23 b(nameref)1110 1127 y(attribute)31 b(cannot)g(b)s(e)f(applied)
-g(to)h(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariables.)630 1297 y Ft(-r)384
+b(The)23 b(nameref)1110 1504 y(attribute)31 b(cannot)g(b)s(e)f(applied)
+g(to)h(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariables.)630 1669 y Ft(-r)384
b Fu(Mak)m(e)25 b Fr(name)5 b Fu(s)23 b(readonly)-8 b(.)39
b(These)24 b(names)f(cannot)h(then)f(b)s(e)g(assigned)h(v)-5
-b(alues)1110 1407 y(b)m(y)30 b(subsequen)m(t)g(assignmen)m(t)h
-(statemen)m(ts)h(or)f(unset.)630 1577 y Ft(-t)384 b Fu(Giv)m(e)33
+b(alues)1110 1778 y(b)m(y)30 b(subsequen)m(t)g(assignmen)m(t)h
+(statemen)m(ts)h(or)f(unset.)630 1943 y Ft(-t)384 b Fu(Giv)m(e)33
b(eac)m(h)h Fr(name)j Fu(the)32 b Ft(trace)f Fu(attribute.)46
-b(T)-8 b(raced)32 b(functions)g(inherit)g(the)1110 1687
+b(T)-8 b(raced)32 b(functions)g(inherit)g(the)1110 2052
y Ft(DEBUG)26 b Fu(and)h Ft(RETURN)f Fu(traps)h(from)g(the)h(calling)h
-(shell.)40 b(The)27 b(trace)i(attribute)1110 1797 y(has)h(no)g(sp)s
-(ecial)h(meaning)g(for)f(v)-5 b(ariables.)630 1967 y
+(shell.)40 b(The)27 b(trace)i(attribute)1110 2162 y(has)h(no)g(sp)s
+(ecial)h(meaning)g(for)f(v)-5 b(ariables.)630 2326 y
Ft(-u)384 b Fu(When)28 b(the)h(v)-5 b(ariable)29 b(is)f(assigned)h(a)f
(v)-5 b(alue,)30 b(all)f(lo)m(w)m(er-case)i(c)m(haracters)f(are)1110
-2077 y(con)m(v)m(erted)i(to)f(upp)s(er-case.)40 b(The)30
-b(lo)m(w)m(er-case)j(attribute)e(is)g(disabled.)630 2247
+2436 y(con)m(v)m(erted)i(to)f(upp)s(er-case.)40 b(The)30
+b(lo)m(w)m(er-case)j(attribute)e(is)g(disabled.)630 2600
y Ft(-x)384 b Fu(Mark)30 b(eac)m(h)h Fr(name)k Fu(for)29
b(exp)s(ort)h(to)g(subsequen)m(t)f(commands)h(via)g(the)g(en)m(vi-)1110
-2357 y(ronmen)m(t.)630 2527 y(Using)e(`)p Ft(+)p Fu(')h(instead)f(of)g
+2710 y(ronmen)m(t.)630 2874 y(Using)e(`)p Ft(+)p Fu(')h(instead)f(of)g
(`)p Ft(-)p Fu(')g(turns)f(o\013)i(the)f(attribute)h(instead,)g(with)f
-(the)g(exceptions)h(that)630 2637 y(`)p Ft(+a)p Fu(')23
+(the)g(exceptions)h(that)630 2984 y(`)p Ft(+a)p Fu(')23
b(and)f(`)p Ft(+A)p Fu(')h(ma)m(y)h(not)f(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)i(destro)m
(y)g(arra)m(y)f(v)-5 b(ariables)24 b(and)e(`)p Ft(+r)p
-Fu(')h(will)g(not)g(remo)m(v)m(e)630 2746 y(the)36 b(readonly)h
+Fu(')h(will)g(not)g(remo)m(v)m(e)630 3093 y(the)36 b(readonly)h
(attribute.)59 b(When)36 b(used)f(in)h(a)h(function,)g
-Ft(declare)d Fu(mak)m(es)j(eac)m(h)h Fr(name)630 2856
+Ft(declare)d Fu(mak)m(es)j(eac)m(h)h Fr(name)630 3203
y Fu(lo)s(cal,)e(as)d(with)h(the)f Ft(local)f Fu(command,)j(unless)d
(the)i Ft(-g)f Fu(option)h(is)f(used.)49 b(If)33 b(a)h(v)-5
-b(ariable)630 2966 y(name)30 b(is)h(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)m(y)e(=)p
+b(ariable)630 3313 y(name)30 b(is)h(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)m(y)e(=)p
Fr(v)-5 b(alue)p Fu(,)31 b(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)g(the)f(v)-5
b(ariable)32 b(is)e(set)h(to)g Fr(v)-5 b(alue)p Fu(.)630
-3106 y(When)41 b(using)g Ft(-a)g Fu(or)h Ft(-A)e Fu(and)h(the)h(comp)s
+3450 y(When)41 b(using)g Ft(-a)g Fu(or)h Ft(-A)e Fu(and)h(the)h(comp)s
(ound)e(assignmen)m(t)i(syn)m(tax)g(to)g(create)h(arra)m(y)630
-3215 y(v)-5 b(ariables,)28 b(additional)f(attributes)g(do)f(not)h(tak)m
+3559 y(v)-5 b(ariables,)28 b(additional)f(attributes)g(do)f(not)h(tak)m
(e)h(e\013ect)g(un)m(til)e(subsequen)m(t)g(assignmen)m(ts.)630
-3355 y(The)35 b(return)f(status)i(is)g(zero)g(unless)f(an)g(in)m(v)-5
+3696 y(The)35 b(return)f(status)i(is)g(zero)g(unless)f(an)g(in)m(v)-5
b(alid)36 b(option)g(is)g(encoun)m(tered,)h(an)f(attempt)630
-3465 y(is)c(made)g(to)g(de\014ne)f(a)h(function)g(using)f(`)p
+3806 y(is)c(made)g(to)g(de\014ne)f(a)h(function)g(using)f(`)p
Ft(-f)f(foo=bar)p Fu(',)h(an)h(attempt)g(is)g(made)g(to)h(assign)630
-3574 y(a)42 b(v)-5 b(alue)43 b(to)g(a)f(readonly)g(v)-5
+3915 y(a)42 b(v)-5 b(alue)43 b(to)g(a)f(readonly)g(v)-5
b(ariable,)47 b(an)42 b(attempt)h(is)f(made)g(to)h(assign)f(a)h(v)-5
-b(alue)42 b(to)h(an)630 3684 y(arra)m(y)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)30
+b(alue)42 b(to)h(an)630 4025 y(arra)m(y)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)30
b(without)g(using)e(the)i(comp)s(ound)e(assignmen)m(t)i(syn)m(tax)g
-(\(see)h(Section)f(6.7)630 3794 y([Arra)m(ys],)43 b(page)d(100\),)k
+(\(see)h(Section)f(6.7)630 4134 y([Arra)m(ys],)43 b(page)d(101\),)k
(one)c(of)g(the)g Fr(name)5 b Fu(s)40 b(is)f(not)h(a)g(v)-5
b(alid)40 b(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b(name,)h(an)630
-3903 y(attempt)28 b(is)f(made)h(to)f(turn)f(o\013)i(readonly)f(status)g
+4244 y(attempt)28 b(is)f(made)h(to)f(turn)f(o\013)i(readonly)f(status)g
(for)g(a)h(readonly)f(v)-5 b(ariable,)29 b(an)e(attempt)630
-4013 y(is)h(made)h(to)g(turn)e(o\013)i(arra)m(y)f(status)h(for)f(an)g
+4354 y(is)h(made)h(to)g(turn)e(o\013)i(arra)m(y)f(status)h(for)f(an)g
(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable,)30 b(or)e(an)g(attempt)i(is)e(made)g(to)630
-4122 y(displa)m(y)j(a)f(non-existen)m(t)i(function)e(with)g
-Ft(-f)p Fu(.)150 4293 y Ft(echo)870 4433 y(echo)47 b([-neE])f([)p
-Fj(arg)g Ft(...])630 4573 y Fu(Output)31 b(the)i Fr(arg)8
+4463 y(displa)m(y)j(a)f(non-existen)m(t)i(function)e(with)g
+Ft(-f)p Fu(.)150 4628 y Ft(echo)870 4765 y(echo)47 b([-neE])f([)p
+Fj(arg)g Ft(...])630 4902 y Fu(Output)31 b(the)i Fr(arg)8
b Fu(s,)33 b(separated)g(b)m(y)g(spaces,)g(terminated)g(with)f(a)h
-(newline.)47 b(The)32 b(return)630 4682 y(status)f(is)f(0)h(unless)f(a)
+(newline.)47 b(The)32 b(return)630 5011 y(status)f(is)f(0)h(unless)f(a)
h(write)g(error)f(o)s(ccurs.)41 b(If)30 b Ft(-n)g Fu(is)h(sp)s
-(eci\014ed,)f(the)h(trailing)g(newline)g(is)630 4792
+(eci\014ed,)f(the)h(trailing)g(newline)g(is)630 5121
y(suppressed.)38 b(If)29 b(the)h Ft(-e)f Fu(option)h(is)f(giv)m(en,)i
(in)m(terpretation)g(of)e(the)h(follo)m(wing)h(bac)m(kslash-)630
-4902 y(escap)s(ed)43 b(c)m(haracters)h(is)e(enabled.)78
+5230 y(escap)s(ed)43 b(c)m(haracters)h(is)e(enabled.)78
b(The)42 b Ft(-E)g Fu(option)h(disables)g(the)g(in)m(terpretation)h(of)
-630 5011 y(these)27 b(escap)s(e)g(c)m(haracters,)i(ev)m(en)e(on)g
-(systems)f(where)g(they)h(are)g(in)m(terpreted)g(b)m(y)f(default.)630
-5121 y(The)32 b Ft(xpg_echo)f Fu(shell)i(option)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e
-(used)g(to)h(dynamically)h(determine)f(whether)f(or)630
-5230 y(not)h Ft(echo)f Fu(expands)g(these)h(escap)s(e)h(c)m(haracters)g
-(b)m(y)f(default.)48 b Ft(echo)32 b Fu(do)s(es)g(not)i(in)m(terpret)630
-5340 y Ft(--)c Fu(to)h(mean)f(the)h(end)f(of)g(options.)p
+630 5340 y(these)27 b(escap)s(e)g(c)m(haracters,)i(ev)m(en)e(on)g
+(systems)f(where)g(they)h(are)g(in)m(terpreted)g(b)m(y)f(default.)p
eop end
%%Page: 60 66
TeXDict begin 60 65 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(60)630 299 y Ft(echo)29
-b Fu(in)m(terprets)i(the)f(follo)m(wing)i(escap)s(e)f(sequences:)630
-466 y Ft(\\a)384 b Fu(alert)31 b(\(b)s(ell\))630 634
-y Ft(\\b)384 b Fu(bac)m(kspace)630 802 y Ft(\\c)g Fu(suppress)28
-b(further)h(output)630 969 y Ft(\\e)630 1079 y(\\E)384
-b Fu(escap)s(e)630 1247 y Ft(\\f)g Fu(form)30 b(feed)630
-1414 y Ft(\\n)384 b Fu(new)30 b(line)630 1582 y Ft(\\r)384
-b Fu(carriage)32 b(return)630 1749 y Ft(\\t)384 b Fu(horizon)m(tal)32
-b(tab)630 1917 y Ft(\\v)384 b Fu(v)m(ertical)32 b(tab)630
-2085 y Ft(\\\\)384 b Fu(bac)m(kslash)630 2252 y Ft(\\0)p
-Fj(nnn)240 b Fu(the)32 b(eigh)m(t-bit)i(c)m(haracter)g(whose)e(v)-5
-b(alue)33 b(is)f(the)g(o)s(ctal)i(v)-5 b(alue)32 b Fr(nnn)f
-Fu(\(zero)i(to)1110 2362 y(three)e(o)s(ctal)g(digits\))630
-2529 y Ft(\\x)p Fj(HH)288 b Fu(the)38 b(eigh)m(t-bit)i(c)m(haracter)g
-(whose)e(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(is)f(the)h(hexadecimal)g(v)-5
-b(alue)39 b Fr(HH)1110 2639 y Fu(\(one)31 b(or)f(t)m(w)m(o)i(hex)e
-(digits\))630 2807 y Ft(\\u)p Fj(HHHH)192 b Fu(the)41
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(60)630 299 y(The)32
+b Ft(xpg_echo)f Fu(shell)i(option)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(used)g(to)h
+(dynamically)h(determine)f(whether)f(or)630 408 y(not)h
+Ft(echo)f Fu(expands)g(these)h(escap)s(e)h(c)m(haracters)g(b)m(y)f
+(default.)48 b Ft(echo)32 b Fu(do)s(es)g(not)i(in)m(terpret)630
+518 y Ft(--)c Fu(to)h(mean)f(the)h(end)f(of)g(options.)630
+653 y Ft(echo)f Fu(in)m(terprets)i(the)f(follo)m(wing)i(escap)s(e)f
+(sequences:)630 812 y Ft(\\a)384 b Fu(alert)31 b(\(b)s(ell\))630
+972 y Ft(\\b)384 b Fu(bac)m(kspace)630 1132 y Ft(\\c)g
+Fu(suppress)28 b(further)h(output)630 1291 y Ft(\\e)630
+1401 y(\\E)384 b Fu(escap)s(e)630 1561 y Ft(\\f)g Fu(form)30
+b(feed)630 1720 y Ft(\\n)384 b Fu(new)30 b(line)630 1880
+y Ft(\\r)384 b Fu(carriage)32 b(return)630 2040 y Ft(\\t)384
+b Fu(horizon)m(tal)32 b(tab)630 2199 y Ft(\\v)384 b Fu(v)m(ertical)32
+b(tab)630 2359 y Ft(\\\\)384 b Fu(bac)m(kslash)630 2519
+y Ft(\\0)p Fj(nnn)240 b Fu(the)32 b(eigh)m(t-bit)i(c)m(haracter)g
+(whose)e(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(is)f(the)g(o)s(ctal)i(v)-5
+b(alue)32 b Fr(nnn)f Fu(\(zero)i(to)1110 2628 y(three)e(o)s(ctal)g
+(digits\))630 2788 y Ft(\\x)p Fj(HH)288 b Fu(the)38 b(eigh)m(t-bit)i(c)
+m(haracter)g(whose)e(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(is)f(the)h(hexadecimal)g(v)-5
+b(alue)39 b Fr(HH)1110 2898 y Fu(\(one)31 b(or)f(t)m(w)m(o)i(hex)e
+(digits\))630 3057 y Ft(\\u)p Fj(HHHH)192 b Fu(the)41
b(Unico)s(de)g(\(ISO/IEC)f(10646\))j(c)m(haracter)g(whose)e(v)-5
-b(alue)41 b(is)g(the)g(hex-)1110 2916 y(adecimal)32 b(v)-5
+b(alue)41 b(is)g(the)g(hex-)1110 3167 y(adecimal)32 b(v)-5
b(alue)31 b Fr(HHHH)41 b Fu(\(one)31 b(to)g(four)e(hex)h(digits\))630
-3084 y Ft(\\U)p Fj(HHHHHHHH)1110 3193 y Fu(the)41 b(Unico)s(de)g
+3327 y Ft(\\U)p Fj(HHHHHHHH)1110 3436 y Fu(the)41 b(Unico)s(de)g
(\(ISO/IEC)f(10646\))j(c)m(haracter)g(whose)e(v)-5 b(alue)41
-b(is)g(the)g(hex-)1110 3303 y(adecimal)32 b(v)-5 b(alue)31
+b(is)g(the)g(hex-)1110 3546 y(adecimal)32 b(v)-5 b(alue)31
b Fr(HHHHHHHH)41 b Fu(\(one)31 b(to)g(eigh)m(t)h(hex)e(digits\))150
-3471 y Ft(enable)870 3609 y(enable)46 b([-a])h([-dnps])f([-f)g
-Fj(filename)p Ft(])g([)p Fj(name)g Ft(...)o(])630 3748
+3706 y Ft(enable)870 3840 y(enable)46 b([-a])h([-dnps])f([-f)g
+Fj(filename)p Ft(])g([)p Fj(name)g Ft(...)o(])630 3975
y Fu(Enable)36 b(and)f(disable)h(builtin)g(shell)g(commands.)56
b(Disabling)37 b(a)g(builtin)e(allo)m(ws)i(a)f(disk)630
-3857 y(command)e(whic)m(h)g(has)g(the)g(same)h(name)f(as)h(a)f(shell)h
-(builtin)e(to)i(b)s(e)f(executed)h(without)630 3967 y(sp)s(ecifying)27
+4084 y(command)e(whic)m(h)g(has)g(the)g(same)h(name)f(as)h(a)f(shell)h
+(builtin)e(to)i(b)s(e)f(executed)h(without)630 4194 y(sp)s(ecifying)27
b(a)g(full)g(pathname,)g(ev)m(en)h(though)f(the)g(shell)g(normally)g
-(searc)m(hes)h(for)f(builtins)630 4076 y(b)s(efore)35
+(searc)m(hes)h(for)f(builtins)630 4304 y(b)s(efore)35
b(disk)g(commands.)55 b(If)35 b Ft(-n)g Fu(is)g(used,)h(the)g
Fr(name)5 b Fu(s)35 b(b)s(ecome)h(disabled.)55 b(Otherwise)630
-4186 y Fr(name)5 b Fu(s)44 b(are)h(enabled.)82 b(F)-8
+4413 y Fr(name)5 b Fu(s)44 b(are)h(enabled.)82 b(F)-8
b(or)45 b(example,)k(to)c(use)f(the)g Ft(test)f Fu(binary)h(found)f
-(via)h Ft($PATH)630 4296 y Fu(instead)31 b(of)f(the)h(shell)f(builtin)g
+(via)h Ft($PATH)630 4523 y Fu(instead)31 b(of)f(the)h(shell)f(builtin)g
(v)m(ersion,)h(t)m(yp)s(e)g(`)p Ft(enable)e(-n)h(test)p
-Fu('.)630 4434 y(If)45 b(the)i Ft(-p)e Fu(option)h(is)g(supplied,)j(or)
+Fu('.)630 4657 y(If)45 b(the)i Ft(-p)e Fu(option)h(is)g(supplied,)j(or)
d(no)g Fr(name)51 b Fu(argumen)m(ts)46 b(app)s(ear,)k(a)c(list)h(of)f
-(shell)630 4544 y(builtins)37 b(is)h(prin)m(ted.)63 b(With)38
+(shell)630 4767 y(builtins)37 b(is)h(prin)m(ted.)63 b(With)38
b(no)f(other)h(argumen)m(ts,)j(the)d(list)g(consists)g(of)g(all)h
-(enabled)630 4653 y(shell)d(builtins.)57 b(The)35 b Ft(-a)h
+(enabled)630 4877 y(shell)d(builtins.)57 b(The)35 b Ft(-a)h
Fu(option)g(means)g(to)g(list)h(eac)m(h)g(builtin)f(with)f(an)h
-(indication)h(of)630 4763 y(whether)30 b(or)g(not)h(it)g(is)f(enabled.)
-630 4902 y(The)22 b Ft(-f)f Fu(option)h(means)g(to)h(load)g(the)f(new)g
+(indication)h(of)630 4986 y(whether)30 b(or)g(not)h(it)g(is)f(enabled.)
+630 5121 y(The)22 b Ft(-f)f Fu(option)h(means)g(to)h(load)g(the)f(new)g
(builtin)f(command)h Fr(name)27 b Fu(from)22 b(shared)f(ob)5
-b(ject)630 5011 y Fr(\014lename)p Fu(,)31 b(on)f(systems)g(that)h(supp)
+b(ject)630 5230 y Fr(\014lename)p Fu(,)31 b(on)f(systems)g(that)h(supp)
s(ort)e(dynamic)h(loading.)41 b(Bash)31 b(will)f(use)g(the)h(v)-5
-b(alue)31 b(of)630 5121 y(the)39 b Ft(BASH_LOADABLES_PATH)34
+b(alue)31 b(of)630 5340 y(the)39 b Ft(BASH_LOADABLES_PATH)34
b Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)40 b(as)f(a)h(colon-separated)h(list)f(of)f
-(directories)h(in)630 5230 y(whic)m(h)31 b(to)h(searc)m(h)g(for)f
-Fr(\014lename)p Fu(.)44 b(The)31 b(default)g(is)h(system-dep)s(enden)m
-(t.)43 b(The)31 b Ft(-d)f Fu(option)630 5340 y(will)h(delete)g(a)g
-(builtin)f(loaded)h(with)f Ft(-f)p Fu(.)p eop end
+(directories)h(in)p eop end
%%Page: 61 67
TeXDict begin 61 66 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(61)630 299 y(If)33
-b(there)i(are)f(no)g(options,)h(a)f(list)h(of)f(the)g(shell)g(builtins)
-g(is)g(displa)m(y)m(ed.)52 b(The)33 b Ft(-s)g Fu(option)630
-408 y(restricts)j Ft(enable)d Fu(to)j(the)f Fm(posix)f
-Fu(sp)s(ecial)i(builtins.)54 b(If)34 b Ft(-s)h Fu(is)g(used)f(with)g
-Ft(-f)p Fu(,)i(the)f(new)630 518 y(builtin)30 b(b)s(ecomes)h(a)f(sp)s
-(ecial)h(builtin)f(\(see)i(Section)f(4.4)g([Sp)s(ecial)g(Builtins],)g
-(page)g(77\).)630 650 y(If)24 b(no)g(options)h(are)g(supplied)e(and)h
-(a)h Fr(name)k Fu(is)c(not)f(a)h(shell)g(builtin,)g Ft(enable)e
-Fu(will)i(attempt)630 759 y(to)c(load)g Fr(name)26 b
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(61)630 299 y(whic)m(h)31
+b(to)h(searc)m(h)g(for)f Fr(\014lename)p Fu(.)44 b(The)31
+b(default)g(is)h(system-dep)s(enden)m(t.)43 b(The)31
+b Ft(-d)f Fu(option)630 408 y(will)h(delete)g(a)g(builtin)f(loaded)h
+(with)f Ft(-f)p Fu(.)630 542 y(If)j(there)i(are)f(no)g(options,)h(a)f
+(list)h(of)f(the)g(shell)g(builtins)g(is)g(displa)m(y)m(ed.)52
+b(The)33 b Ft(-s)g Fu(option)630 651 y(restricts)j Ft(enable)d
+Fu(to)j(the)f Fm(posix)f Fu(sp)s(ecial)i(builtins.)54
+b(If)34 b Ft(-s)h Fu(is)g(used)f(with)g Ft(-f)p Fu(,)i(the)f(new)630
+761 y(builtin)30 b(b)s(ecomes)h(a)f(sp)s(ecial)h(builtin)f(\(see)i
+(Section)f(4.4)g([Sp)s(ecial)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(78\).)630
+894 y(If)24 b(no)g(options)h(are)g(supplied)e(and)h(a)h
+Fr(name)k Fu(is)c(not)f(a)h(shell)g(builtin,)g Ft(enable)e
+Fu(will)i(attempt)630 1003 y(to)c(load)g Fr(name)26 b
Fu(from)20 b(a)g(shared)g(ob)5 b(ject)21 b(named)f Fr(name)p
Fu(,)j(as)d(if)h(the)f(command)h(w)m(ere)f(`)p Ft(enable)630
-869 y(-f)30 b Fj(name)f(name)p Fu('.)630 1000 y(The)d(return)f(status)h
-(is)g(zero)h(unless)e(a)i Fr(name)k Fu(is)26 b(not)g(a)h(shell)f
-(builtin)g(or)g(there)g(is)g(an)g(error)630 1110 y(loading)31
+1113 y(-f)30 b Fj(name)f(name)p Fu('.)630 1246 y(The)d(return)f(status)
+h(is)g(zero)h(unless)e(a)i Fr(name)k Fu(is)26 b(not)g(a)h(shell)f
+(builtin)g(or)g(there)g(is)g(an)g(error)630 1356 y(loading)31
b(a)g(new)f(builtin)g(from)g(a)g(shared)g(ob)5 b(ject.)150
-1263 y Ft(help)870 1395 y(help)47 b([-dms])f([)p Fj(pattern)p
-Ft(])630 1526 y Fu(Displa)m(y)40 b(helpful)e(information)h(ab)s(out)g
+1512 y Ft(help)870 1645 y(help)47 b([-dms])f([)p Fj(pattern)p
+Ft(])630 1778 y Fu(Displa)m(y)40 b(helpful)e(information)h(ab)s(out)g
(builtin)f(commands.)66 b(If)38 b Fr(pattern)h Fu(is)g(sp)s(eci\014ed,)
-630 1636 y Ft(help)28 b Fu(giv)m(es)i(detailed)g(help)e(on)h(all)h
+630 1888 y Ft(help)28 b Fu(giv)m(es)i(detailed)g(help)e(on)h(all)h
(commands)e(matc)m(hing)i Fr(pattern)p Fu(,)g(otherwise)f(a)g(list)h
-(of)630 1745 y(the)h(builtins)e(is)i(prin)m(ted.)630
-1877 y(Options,)f(if)h(supplied,)e(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)g(follo)m(wing)h
-(meanings:)630 2030 y Ft(-d)384 b Fu(Displa)m(y)32 b(a)e(short)g
-(description)h(of)f(eac)m(h)i Fr(pattern)630 2184 y Ft(-m)384
+(of)630 1998 y(the)h(builtins)e(is)i(prin)m(ted.)630
+2131 y(Options,)f(if)h(supplied,)e(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)g(follo)m(wing)h
+(meanings:)630 2287 y Ft(-d)384 b Fu(Displa)m(y)32 b(a)e(short)g
+(description)h(of)f(eac)m(h)i Fr(pattern)630 2444 y Ft(-m)384
b Fu(Displa)m(y)32 b(the)e(description)g(of)h(eac)m(h)h
Fr(pattern)e Fu(in)g(a)h(manpage-lik)m(e)h(format)630
-2337 y Ft(-s)384 b Fu(Displa)m(y)32 b(only)e(a)h(short)f(usage)h
-(synopsis)e(for)i(eac)m(h)g Fr(pattern)630 2491 y Fu(The)f(return)f
+2600 y Ft(-s)384 b Fu(Displa)m(y)32 b(only)e(a)h(short)f(usage)h
+(synopsis)e(for)i(eac)m(h)g Fr(pattern)630 2757 y Fu(The)f(return)f
(status)i(is)f(zero)h(unless)f(no)g(command)h(matc)m(hes)g
-Fr(pattern)p Fu(.)150 2644 y Ft(let)870 2776 y(let)47
+Fr(pattern)p Fu(.)150 2913 y Ft(let)870 3046 y(let)47
b Fj(expression)e Ft([)p Fj(expression)g Ft(...)o(])630
-2907 y Fu(The)c Ft(let)g Fu(builtin)g(allo)m(ws)i(arithmetic)f(to)h(b)s
+3180 y Fu(The)c Ft(let)g Fu(builtin)g(allo)m(ws)i(arithmetic)f(to)h(b)s
(e)d(p)s(erformed)g(on)i(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariables.)74
-b(Eac)m(h)630 3017 y Fr(expression)31 b Fu(is)g(ev)-5
+b(Eac)m(h)630 3289 y Fr(expression)31 b Fu(is)g(ev)-5
b(aluated)32 b(according)f(to)h(the)f(rules)g(giv)m(en)h(b)s(elo)m(w)f
-(in)f(Section)i(6.5)g([Shell)630 3126 y(Arithmetic],)51
-b(page)46 b(98.)87 b(If)45 b(the)g(last)h Fr(expression)g
+(in)f(Section)i(6.5)g([Shell)630 3399 y(Arithmetic],)51
+b(page)46 b(99.)87 b(If)45 b(the)g(last)h Fr(expression)g
Fu(ev)-5 b(aluates)47 b(to)f(0,)k Ft(let)44 b Fu(returns)g(1;)630
-3236 y(otherwise)31 b(0)g(is)f(returned.)150 3389 y Ft(local)870
-3521 y(local)46 b([)p Fj(option)p Ft(])g Fj(name)p Ft([=)p
-Fj(value)p Ft(])e(...)630 3652 y Fu(F)-8 b(or)27 b(eac)m(h)g(argumen)m
+3508 y(otherwise)31 b(0)g(is)f(returned.)150 3665 y Ft(local)870
+3798 y(local)46 b([)p Fj(option)p Ft(])g Fj(name)p Ft([=)p
+Fj(value)p Ft(])e(...)630 3931 y Fu(F)-8 b(or)27 b(eac)m(h)g(argumen)m
(t,)g(a)f(lo)s(cal)h(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(named)e Fr(name)31
b Fu(is)26 b(created,)i(and)d(assigned)h Fr(v)-5 b(alue)p
-Fu(.)630 3762 y(The)37 b Fr(option)h Fu(can)f(b)s(e)g(an)m(y)h(of)f
-(the)h(options)g(accepted)g(b)m(y)g Ft(declare)p Fu(.)59
-b Ft(local)36 b Fu(can)i(only)630 3871 y(b)s(e)j(used)h(within)f(a)i
-(function;)48 b(it)42 b(mak)m(es)h(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable)43
-b Fr(name)48 b Fu(ha)m(v)m(e)43 b(a)f(visible)h(scop)s(e)630
-3981 y(restricted)h(to)f(that)h(function)e(and)g(its)i(c)m(hildren.)78
-b(If)42 b Fr(name)48 b Fu(is)43 b(`)p Ft(-)p Fu(',)j(the)d(set)h(of)f
-(shell)630 4091 y(options)34 b(is)f(made)g(lo)s(cal)i(to)f(the)f
-(function)g(in)g(whic)m(h)g Ft(local)f Fu(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed:)48
-b(shell)34 b(options)630 4200 y(c)m(hanged)e(using)e(the)i
-Ft(set)e Fu(builtin)h(inside)g(the)g(function)g(are)g(restored)h(to)g
-(their)f(original)630 4310 y(v)-5 b(alues)36 b(when)e(the)i(function)f
-(returns.)54 b(The)35 b(restore)h(is)g(e\013ected)h(as)e(if)h(a)g
-(series)f(of)h Ft(set)630 4419 y Fu(commands)j(w)m(ere)g(executed)h(to)
-f(restore)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alues)39 b(that)h(w)m(ere)f(in)f(place)i(b)s
-(efore)f(the)630 4529 y(function.)j(The)30 b(return)g(status)h(is)g
-(zero)h(unless)e Ft(local)g Fu(is)h(used)f(outside)h(a)g(function,)g
-(an)630 4639 y(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31 b Fr(name)k Fu(is)c(supplied,)e(or)i
-Fr(name)k Fu(is)c(a)f(readonly)h(v)-5 b(ariable.)150
-4792 y Ft(logout)870 4924 y(logout)46 b([)p Fj(n)p Ft(])630
-5055 y Fu(Exit)31 b(a)g(login)g(shell,)g(returning)e(a)i(status)g(of)f
-Fr(n)g Fu(to)h(the)g(shell's)f(paren)m(t.)150 5208 y
-Ft(mapfile)870 5340 y(mapfile)46 b([-d)h Fj(delim)p Ft(])f([-n)h
-Fj(count)p Ft(])f([-O)h Fj(origin)p Ft(])f([-s)g Fj(count)p
-Ft(])p eop end
+Fu(.)630 4041 y(The)28 b Fr(option)i Fu(can)f(b)s(e)f(an)m(y)i(of)f
+(the)g(options)g(accepted)i(b)m(y)d Ft(declare)p Fu(.)39
+b Ft(local)27 b Fu(can)i(only)h(b)s(e)630 4150 y(used)20
+b(within)g(a)h(function;)j(it)d(mak)m(es)g(the)g(v)-5
+b(ariable)22 b Fr(name)k Fu(ha)m(v)m(e)21 b(a)g(visible)h(scop)s(e)e
+(restricted)630 4260 y(to)28 b(that)g(function)f(and)g(its)h(c)m
+(hildren.)39 b(If)27 b Fr(name)33 b Fu(is)27 b(`)p Ft(-)p
+Fu(',)i(the)f(set)f(of)h(shell)g(options)f(is)h(made)630
+4369 y(lo)s(cal)40 b(to)f(the)f(function)g(in)g(whic)m(h)h
+Ft(local)e Fu(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed:)58 b(shell)39 b(options)f(c)m
+(hanged)h(using)630 4479 y(the)31 b Ft(set)f Fu(builtin)h(inside)g(the)
+g(function)f(after)i(the)f(call)h(to)g Ft(local)e Fu(are)h(restored)g
+(to)h(their)630 4589 y(original)h(v)-5 b(alues)33 b(when)e(the)i
+(function)f(returns.)45 b(The)32 b(restore)h(is)f(e\013ected)i(as)f(if)
+f(a)h(series)630 4698 y(of)c Ft(set)f Fu(commands)h(w)m(ere)g(executed)
+h(to)g(restore)f(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)30 b(that)f(w)m(ere)h(in)e(place)i
+(b)s(efore)630 4808 y(the)f(function.)40 b(The)28 b(return)f(status)i
+(is)g(zero)g(unless)f Ft(local)f Fu(is)h(used)g(outside)h(a)g
+(function,)630 4917 y(an)h(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31 b Fr(name)36
+b Fu(is)30 b(supplied,)f(or)i Fr(name)k Fu(is)c(a)g(readonly)f(v)-5
+b(ariable.)150 5074 y Ft(logout)870 5207 y(logout)46
+b([)p Fj(n)p Ft(])630 5340 y Fu(Exit)31 b(a)g(login)g(shell,)g
+(returning)e(a)i(status)g(of)f Fr(n)g Fu(to)h(the)g(shell's)f(paren)m
+(t.)p eop end
%%Page: 62 68
TeXDict begin 62 67 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(62)1061 299 y
-Ft([-t])47 b([-u)f Fj(fd)p Ft(])h([-C)g Fj(callback)p
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(62)150 299 y Ft(mapfile)870
+439 y(mapfile)46 b([-d)h Fj(delim)p Ft(])f([-n)h Fj(count)p
+Ft(])f([-O)h Fj(origin)p Ft(])f([-s)g Fj(count)p Ft(])1061
+548 y([-t])h([-u)f Fj(fd)p Ft(])h([-C)g Fj(callback)p
Ft(])f([-c)g Fj(quantum)p Ft(])g([)p Fj(array)p Ft(])630
-429 y Fu(Read)38 b(lines)f(from)g(the)h(standard)e(input)g(in)m(to)j
+688 y Fu(Read)38 b(lines)f(from)g(the)h(standard)e(input)g(in)m(to)j
(the)e(indexed)g(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b Fr(arra)m(y)p
-Fu(,)i(or)630 539 y(from)28 b(\014le)h(descriptor)f Fr(fd)k
+Fu(,)i(or)630 798 y(from)28 b(\014le)h(descriptor)f Fr(fd)k
Fu(if)c(the)h Ft(-u)f Fu(option)h(is)g(supplied.)39 b(The)28
-b(v)-5 b(ariable)29 b Ft(MAPFILE)e Fu(is)i(the)630 648
+b(v)-5 b(ariable)29 b Ft(MAPFILE)e Fu(is)i(the)630 907
y(default)i Fr(arra)m(y)p Fu(.)41 b(Options,)30 b(if)g(supplied,)g(ha)m
-(v)m(e)h(the)g(follo)m(wing)h(meanings:)630 799 y Ft(-d)384
+(v)m(e)h(the)g(follo)m(wing)h(meanings:)630 1077 y Ft(-d)384
b Fu(The)37 b(\014rst)g(c)m(haracter)i(of)f Fr(delim)g
Fu(is)f(used)g(to)h(terminate)h(eac)m(h)g(input)d(line,)1110
-908 y(rather)41 b(than)h(newline.)74 b(If)41 b Fr(delim)h
+1187 y(rather)41 b(than)h(newline.)74 b(If)41 b Fr(delim)h
Fu(is)g(the)f(empt)m(y)h(string,)j Ft(mapfile)40 b Fu(will)1110
-1018 y(terminate)31 b(a)g(line)g(when)e(it)i(reads)f(a)h(NUL)g(c)m
-(haracter.)630 1169 y Ft(-n)384 b Fu(Cop)m(y)30 b(at)h(most)g
+1297 y(terminate)31 b(a)g(line)g(when)e(it)i(reads)f(a)h(NUL)g(c)m
+(haracter.)630 1467 y Ft(-n)384 b Fu(Cop)m(y)30 b(at)h(most)g
Fr(coun)m(t)i Fu(lines.)41 b(If)30 b Fr(coun)m(t)j Fu(is)d(0,)h(all)h
-(lines)e(are)h(copied.)630 1319 y Ft(-O)384 b Fu(Begin)31
+(lines)e(are)h(copied.)630 1637 y Ft(-O)384 b Fu(Begin)31
b(assigning)g(to)g Fr(arra)m(y)39 b Fu(at)31 b(index)f
Fr(origin)p Fu(.)41 b(The)30 b(default)h(index)f(is)g(0.)630
-1470 y Ft(-s)384 b Fu(Discard)31 b(the)f(\014rst)g Fr(coun)m(t)j
-Fu(lines)e(read.)630 1621 y Ft(-t)384 b Fu(Remo)m(v)m(e)32
+1807 y Ft(-s)384 b Fu(Discard)31 b(the)f(\014rst)g Fr(coun)m(t)j
+Fu(lines)e(read.)630 1977 y Ft(-t)384 b Fu(Remo)m(v)m(e)32
b(a)f(trailing)g Fr(delim)g Fu(\(default)g(newline\))f(from)g(eac)m(h)i
-(line)f(read.)630 1771 y Ft(-u)384 b Fu(Read)31 b(lines)f(from)g
+(line)f(read.)630 2147 y Ft(-u)384 b Fu(Read)31 b(lines)f(from)g
(\014le)h(descriptor)f Fr(fd)j Fu(instead)e(of)f(the)h(standard)e
-(input.)630 1922 y Ft(-C)384 b Fu(Ev)-5 b(aluate)26 b
+(input.)630 2317 y Ft(-C)384 b Fu(Ev)-5 b(aluate)26 b
Fr(callbac)m(k)33 b Fu(eac)m(h)26 b(time)g Fr(quan)m(tum)f
Fu(lines)g(are)g(read.)39 b(The)25 b Ft(-c)f Fu(option)1110
-2032 y(sp)s(eci\014es)30 b Fr(quan)m(tum)p Fu(.)630 2182
+2426 y(sp)s(eci\014es)30 b Fr(quan)m(tum)p Fu(.)630 2596
y Ft(-c)384 b Fu(Sp)s(ecify)30 b(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(lines)f
(read)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(eac)m(h)g(call)h(to)f Fr(callbac)m(k)p
-Fu(.)630 2333 y(If)36 b Ft(-C)g Fu(is)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(without)g
+Fu(.)630 2767 y(If)36 b Ft(-C)g Fu(is)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(without)g
Ft(-c)p Fu(,)h(the)g(default)f(quan)m(tum)g(is)h(5000.)60
-b(When)36 b Fr(callbac)m(k)44 b Fu(is)630 2443 y(ev)-5
+b(When)36 b Fr(callbac)m(k)44 b Fu(is)630 2876 y(ev)-5
b(aluated,)30 b(it)e(is)g(supplied)f(the)h(index)f(of)i(the)f(next)g
(arra)m(y)g(elemen)m(t)h(to)g(b)s(e)e(assigned)i(and)630
-2552 y(the)39 b(line)g(to)h(b)s(e)e(assigned)h(to)h(that)f(elemen)m(t)i
+2986 y(the)39 b(line)g(to)h(b)s(e)e(assigned)h(to)h(that)f(elemen)m(t)i
(as)e(additional)h(argumen)m(ts.)66 b Fr(callbac)m(k)47
-b Fu(is)630 2662 y(ev)-5 b(aluated)32 b(after)e(the)h(line)g(is)f(read)
+b Fu(is)630 3095 y(ev)-5 b(aluated)32 b(after)e(the)h(line)g(is)f(read)
g(but)g(b)s(efore)g(the)h(arra)m(y)g(elemen)m(t)g(is)g(assigned.)630
-2792 y(If)25 b(not)g(supplied)f(with)h(an)g(explicit)i(origin,)g
+3235 y(If)25 b(not)g(supplied)f(with)h(an)g(explicit)i(origin,)g
Ft(mapfile)c Fu(will)j(clear)g Fr(arra)m(y)34 b Fu(b)s(efore)24
-b(assigning)630 2902 y(to)31 b(it.)630 3032 y Ft(mapfile)41
+b(assigning)630 3345 y(to)31 b(it.)630 3485 y Ft(mapfile)41
b Fu(returns)g(successfully)i(unless)e(an)i(in)m(v)-5
b(alid)43 b(option)g(or)g(option)g(argumen)m(t)g(is)630
-3141 y(supplied,)29 b Fr(arra)m(y)39 b Fu(is)30 b(in)m(v)-5
+3594 y(supplied,)29 b Fr(arra)m(y)39 b Fu(is)30 b(in)m(v)-5
b(alid)31 b(or)g(unassignable,)f(or)h Fr(arra)m(y)38
b Fu(is)31 b(not)f(an)h(indexed)e(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)150
-3292 y Ft(printf)870 3422 y(printf)46 b([-v)h Fj(var)p
-Ft(])g Fj(format)f Ft([)p Fj(arguments)p Ft(])630 3552
+3764 y Ft(printf)870 3904 y(printf)46 b([-v)h Fj(var)p
+Ft(])g Fj(format)f Ft([)p Fj(arguments)p Ft(])630 4044
y Fu(W)-8 b(rite)27 b(the)g(formatted)f Fr(argumen)m(ts)k
Fu(to)d(the)f(standard)f(output)h(under)e(the)i(con)m(trol)i(of)e(the)
-630 3662 y Fr(format)p Fu(.)66 b(The)39 b Ft(-v)f Fu(option)h(causes)g
+630 4153 y Fr(format)p Fu(.)66 b(The)39 b Ft(-v)f Fu(option)h(causes)g
(the)g(output)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(assigned)h(to)h(the)f(v)-5
-b(ariable)39 b Fr(v)-5 b(ar)630 3771 y Fu(rather)30 b(than)g(b)s(eing)g
-(prin)m(ted)g(to)h(the)g(standard)e(output.)630 3902
+b(ariable)39 b Fr(v)-5 b(ar)630 4263 y Fu(rather)30 b(than)g(b)s(eing)g
+(prin)m(ted)g(to)h(the)g(standard)e(output.)630 4403
y(The)36 b Fr(format)i Fu(is)f(a)f(c)m(haracter)i(string)e(whic)m(h)g
(con)m(tains)i(three)e(t)m(yp)s(es)g(of)h(ob)5 b(jects:)53
-b(plain)630 4011 y(c)m(haracters,)41 b(whic)m(h)c(are)h(simply)e
+b(plain)630 4512 y(c)m(haracters,)41 b(whic)m(h)c(are)h(simply)e
(copied)i(to)g(standard)f(output,)i(c)m(haracter)g(escap)s(e)e(se-)630
-4121 y(quences,)g(whic)m(h)f(are)g(con)m(v)m(erted)h(and)f(copied)g(to)
-g(the)g(standard)f(output,)i(and)f(format)630 4230 y(sp)s
+4622 y(quences,)g(whic)m(h)f(are)g(con)m(v)m(erted)h(and)f(copied)g(to)
+g(the)g(standard)f(output,)i(and)f(format)630 4732 y(sp)s
(eci\014cations,)j(eac)m(h)e(of)g(whic)m(h)f(causes)g(prin)m(ting)g(of)
h(the)f(next)h(successiv)m(e)g Fr(argumen)m(t)p Fu(.)630
-4340 y(In)24 b(addition)h(to)g(the)g(standard)f Ft(printf\(1\))e
-Fu(formats,)27 b Ft(printf)c Fu(in)m(terprets)i(the)f(follo)m(wing)630
-4450 y(extensions:)630 4600 y Ft(\045b)384 b Fu(Causes)38
-b Ft(printf)f Fu(to)j(expand)e(bac)m(kslash)h(escap)s(e)g(sequences)g
-(in)f(the)h(cor-)1110 4710 y(resp)s(onding)31 b Fr(argumen)m(t)j
-Fu(in)e(the)h(same)f(w)m(a)m(y)h(as)g Ft(echo)c(-e)j
-Fu(\(see)h(Section)g(4.2)1110 4819 y([Bash)e(Builtins],)g(page)g(55\).)
-630 4970 y Ft(\045q)384 b Fu(Causes)32 b Ft(printf)e
-Fu(to)i(output)g(the)g(corresp)s(onding)f Fr(argumen)m(t)j
-Fu(in)d(a)i(format)1110 5080 y(that)e(can)g(b)s(e)e(reused)h(as)h
-(shell)f(input.)630 5230 y Ft(\045Q)384 b Fu(lik)m(e)34
-b Ft(\045q)p Fu(,)f(but)f(applies)g(an)m(y)h(supplied)e(precision)i(to)
-h(the)e Fr(argumen)m(t)j Fu(b)s(efore)1110 5340 y(quoting)c(it.)p
-eop end
+4841 y(In)27 b(addition)g(to)h(the)g(standard)e Ft(printf\(3\))f
+Fu(format)j(c)m(haracters)g Ft(csndiouxXeEfFgGaA)p Fu(,)630
+4951 y Ft(printf)h Fu(in)m(terprets)h(the)h(follo)m(wing)h(additional)f
+(format)g(sp)s(eci\014ers:)630 5121 y Ft(\045b)384 b
+Fu(Causes)38 b Ft(printf)f Fu(to)j(expand)e(bac)m(kslash)h(escap)s(e)g
+(sequences)g(in)f(the)h(cor-)1110 5230 y(resp)s(onding)31
+b Fr(argumen)m(t)j Fu(in)e(the)h(same)f(w)m(a)m(y)h(as)g
+Ft(echo)c(-e)j Fu(\(see)h(Section)g(4.2)1110 5340 y([Bash)e(Builtins],)
+g(page)g(56\).)p eop end
%%Page: 63 69
TeXDict begin 63 68 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(63)630 299 y Ft(\045\()p
-Fj(datefmt)p Ft(\)T)1110 408 y Fu(Causes)29 b Ft(printf)e
-Fu(to)j(output)f(the)g(date-time)i(string)e(resulting)h(from)e(using)
-1110 518 y Fr(datefm)m(t)45 b Fu(as)d(a)g(format)g(string)g(for)g
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(63)630 299 y Ft(\045q)384
+b Fu(Causes)32 b Ft(printf)e Fu(to)i(output)g(the)g(corresp)s(onding)f
+Fr(argumen)m(t)j Fu(in)d(a)i(format)1110 408 y(that)42
+b(can)f(b)s(e)g(reused)g(as)g(shell)h(input.)72 b Ft(\045q)41
+b Fu(and)f Ft(\045Q)p Fu(P)h(use)g(the)g(ANSI-C)1110
+518 y(quoting)29 b(st)m(yle)h(\(see)g(Section)g(3.1.2.4)h([ANSI-C)e
+(Quoting],)h(page)f(6\))h(if)f(an)m(y)1110 628 y(c)m(haracters)g(in)e
+(the)h(argumen)m(t)g(string)f(require)h(it,)g(and)f(bac)m(kslash)h
+(quoting)1110 737 y(otherwise.)79 b(If)42 b(the)h(format)h(string)f
+(uses)f(the)h Ft(printf)e Fr(alternate)k(form)p Fu(,)1110
+847 y(these)31 b(t)m(w)m(o)h(formats)e(quote)h(the)g(argumen)m(t)f
+(string)h(using)f(single)h(quotes.)630 1003 y Ft(\045Q)384
+b Fu(lik)m(e)34 b Ft(\045q)p Fu(,)f(but)f(applies)g(an)m(y)h(supplied)e
+(precision)i(to)h(the)e Fr(argumen)m(t)j Fu(b)s(efore)1110
+1113 y(quoting)c(it.)630 1270 y Ft(\045\()p Fj(datefmt)p
+Ft(\)T)1110 1379 y Fu(Causes)e Ft(printf)e Fu(to)j(output)f(the)g
+(date-time)i(string)e(resulting)h(from)e(using)1110 1489
+y Fr(datefm)m(t)45 b Fu(as)d(a)g(format)g(string)g(for)g
Ft(strftime)p Fu(\(3\).)74 b(The)41 b(corresp)s(onding)1110
-628 y Fr(argumen)m(t)h Fu(is)e(an)g(in)m(teger)i(represen)m(ting)e(the)
-g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(seconds)g(since)1110 737 y(the)24
-b(ep)s(o)s(c)m(h.)38 b(Tw)m(o)24 b(sp)s(ecial)h(argumen)m(t)f(v)-5
-b(alues)24 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(used:)36 b(-1)25 b(represen)m(ts)1110
-847 y(the)30 b(curren)m(t)g(time,)h(and)e(-2)i(represen)m(ts)f(the)g
-(time)h(the)f(shell)g(w)m(as)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)1110
-956 y(If)38 b(no)g(argumen)m(t)h(is)f(sp)s(eci\014ed,)i(con)m(v)m
+1598 y Fr(argumen)m(t)h Fu(is)e(an)g(in)m(teger)i(represen)m(ting)e
+(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(seconds)g(since)1110 1708
+y(the)24 b(ep)s(o)s(c)m(h.)38 b(Tw)m(o)24 b(sp)s(ecial)h(argumen)m(t)f
+(v)-5 b(alues)24 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(used:)36 b(-1)25
+b(represen)m(ts)1110 1817 y(the)30 b(curren)m(t)g(time,)h(and)e(-2)i
+(represen)m(ts)f(the)g(time)h(the)f(shell)g(w)m(as)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)
+1110 1927 y(If)38 b(no)g(argumen)m(t)h(is)f(sp)s(eci\014ed,)i(con)m(v)m
(ersion)f(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)g(as)g(if)f(-1)h(had)f(b)s(een)1110
-1066 y(giv)m(en.)k(This)29 b(is)i(an)f(exception)i(to)f(the)f(usual)g
-Ft(printf)f Fu(b)s(eha)m(vior.)630 1219 y(The)d(\045b,)h(\045q,)h(and)e
-(\045T)g(directiv)m(es)j(all)e(use)g(the)g(\014eld)f(width)g(and)h
-(precision)g(argumen)m(ts)630 1329 y(from)f(the)g(format)h(sp)s
-(eci\014cation)g(and)e(write)i(that)f(man)m(y)h(b)m(ytes)f(from)g(\(or)
-h(use)e(that)i(wide)630 1439 y(a)42 b(\014eld)g(for\))g(the)h(expanded)
-e(argumen)m(t,)k(whic)m(h)d(usually)g(con)m(tains)h(more)f(c)m
-(haracters)630 1548 y(than)30 b(the)h(original.)630 1680
-y(Argumen)m(ts)d(to)h(non-string)e(format)i(sp)s(eci\014ers)e(are)h
-(treated)h(as)g(C)e(language)j(constan)m(ts,)630 1789
-y(except)22 b(that)g(a)g(leading)g(plus)e(or)h(min)m(us)f(sign)i(is)f
-(allo)m(w)m(ed,)k(and)c(if)g(the)g(leading)h(c)m(haracter)h(is)630
-1899 y(a)i(single)g(or)f(double)h(quote,)h(the)f(v)-5
-b(alue)25 b(is)f(the)h(ASCI)s(I)e(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(of)f(the)h(follo)m
-(wing)h(c)m(haracter.)630 2030 y(The)31 b Fr(format)i
-Fu(is)f(reused)e(as)i(necessary)f(to)i(consume)e(all)h(of)f(the)h
-Fr(argumen)m(ts)p Fu(.)44 b(If)30 b(the)i Fr(for-)630
-2140 y(mat)c Fu(requires)e(more)g Fr(argumen)m(ts)k Fu(than)25
-b(are)i(supplied,)e(the)h(extra)h(format)f(sp)s(eci\014cations)630
-2250 y(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)j(as)g(if)f(a)h(zero)g(v)-5 b(alue)29
-b(or)g(n)m(ull)f(string,)h(as)g(appropriate,)g(had)f(b)s(een)g
-(supplied.)38 b(The)630 2359 y(return)29 b(v)-5 b(alue)31
-b(is)g(zero)g(on)f(success,)h(non-zero)g(on)f(failure.)150
-2513 y Ft(read)870 2644 y(read)47 b([-ers])f([-a)h Fj(aname)p
+2037 y(giv)m(en.)k(This)29 b(is)i(an)f(exception)i(to)f(the)f(usual)g
+Ft(printf)f Fu(b)s(eha)m(vior.)630 2193 y(The)39 b(\045b,)i(\045q,)g
+(and)e(\045T)f(format)i(sp)s(eci\014ers)e(all)i(use)f(the)h(\014eld)f
+(width)f(and)h(precision)630 2303 y(argumen)m(ts)e(from)f(the)h(format)
+g(sp)s(eci\014cation)g(and)f(write)h(that)h(man)m(y)e(b)m(ytes)h(from)g
+(\(or)630 2412 y(use)29 b(that)h(wide)f(a)g(\014eld)g(for\))g(the)h
+(expanded)e(argumen)m(t,)i(whic)m(h)f(usually)g(con)m(tains)i(more)630
+2522 y(c)m(haracters)h(than)e(the)h(original.)630 2655
+y(The)e(\045n)f(format)h(sp)s(eci\014er)g(accepts)h(a)g(corresp)s
+(onding)e(argumen)m(t)h(that)h(is)f(treated)h(as)g(a)630
+2765 y(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(name.)630 2898 y(The)26
+b(\045s)g(and)h(\045c)f(format)h(sp)s(eci\014ers)f(accept)i(an)f(l)g
+(\(long\))h(mo)s(di\014er,)e(whic)m(h)h(forces)g(them)630
+3007 y(to)21 b(con)m(v)m(ert)i(the)e(argumen)m(t)g(string)g(to)g(a)g
+(wide-c)m(haracter)i(string)e(and)f(apply)g(an)m(y)h(supplied)630
+3117 y(\014eld)30 b(width)g(and)f(precision)i(in)f(terms)g(of)h(c)m
+(haracters,)h(not)e(b)m(ytes.)630 3250 y(Argumen)m(ts)e(to)h
+(non-string)e(format)i(sp)s(eci\014ers)e(are)h(treated)h(as)g(C)e
+(language)j(constan)m(ts,)630 3360 y(except)22 b(that)g(a)g(leading)g
+(plus)e(or)h(min)m(us)f(sign)i(is)f(allo)m(w)m(ed,)k(and)c(if)g(the)g
+(leading)h(c)m(haracter)h(is)630 3469 y(a)i(single)g(or)f(double)h
+(quote,)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(is)f(the)h(ASCI)s(I)e(v)-5
+b(alue)25 b(of)f(the)h(follo)m(wing)h(c)m(haracter.)630
+3602 y(The)31 b Fr(format)i Fu(is)f(reused)e(as)i(necessary)f(to)i
+(consume)e(all)h(of)f(the)h Fr(argumen)m(ts)p Fu(.)44
+b(If)30 b(the)i Fr(for-)630 3712 y(mat)c Fu(requires)e(more)g
+Fr(argumen)m(ts)k Fu(than)25 b(are)i(supplied,)e(the)h(extra)h(format)f
+(sp)s(eci\014cations)630 3821 y(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)j(as)g(if)f(a)h(zero)g
+(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(or)g(n)m(ull)f(string,)h(as)g(appropriate,)g(had)f(b)
+s(een)g(supplied.)38 b(The)630 3931 y(return)e(v)-5 b(alue)38
+b(is)g(zero)g(on)f(success,)j(non-zero)e(if)f(an)h(in)m(v)-5
+b(alid)38 b(option)g(is)f(supplied)f(or)i(a)630 4041
+y(write)31 b(or)f(assignmen)m(t)h(error)f(o)s(ccurs.)150
+4197 y Ft(read)870 4330 y(read)47 b([-ers])f([-a)h Fj(aname)p
Ft(])f([-d)h Fj(delim)p Ft(])f([-i)h Fj(text)p Ft(])f([-n)h
-Fj(nchars)p Ft(])1061 2754 y([-N)g Fj(nchars)p Ft(])f([-p)h
+Fj(nchars)p Ft(])1061 4440 y([-N)g Fj(nchars)p Ft(])f([-p)h
Fj(prompt)p Ft(])e([-t)i Fj(timeout)p Ft(])f([-u)h Fj(fd)p
-Ft(])g([)p Fj(name)f Ft(...)o(])630 2885 y Fu(One)38
+Ft(])g([)p Fj(name)f Ft(...)o(])630 4573 y Fu(One)38
b(line)g(is)g(read)g(from)g(the)g(standard)f(input,)j(or)e(from)f(the)i
-(\014le)f(descriptor)g Fr(fd)j Fu(sup-)630 2995 y(plied)34
+(\014le)f(descriptor)g Fr(fd)j Fu(sup-)630 4682 y(plied)34
b(as)h(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(to)g(the)f Ft(-u)g Fu(option,)i(split)f(in)m
(to)g(w)m(ords)f(as)g(describ)s(ed)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)h(in)630
-3104 y(Section)j(3.5.7)h([W)-8 b(ord)38 b(Splitting],)i(page)e(35,)j
+4792 y(Section)j(3.5.7)h([W)-8 b(ord)38 b(Splitting],)i(page)e(35,)j
(and)36 b(the)i(\014rst)f(w)m(ord)g(is)g(assigned)h(to)g(the)630
-3214 y(\014rst)32 b Fr(name)p Fu(,)h(the)g(second)g(w)m(ord)f(to)h(the)
+4902 y(\014rst)32 b Fr(name)p Fu(,)h(the)g(second)g(w)m(ord)f(to)h(the)
g(second)g Fr(name)p Fu(,)g(and)f(so)h(on.)47 b(If)32
-b(there)h(are)g(more)630 3324 y(w)m(ords)39 b(than)g(names,)j(the)e
+b(there)h(are)g(more)630 5011 y(w)m(ords)39 b(than)g(names,)j(the)e
(remaining)f(w)m(ords)g(and)g(their)h(in)m(terv)m(ening)g(delimiters)h
-(are)630 3433 y(assigned)29 b(to)h(the)g(last)g Fr(name)p
+(are)630 5121 y(assigned)29 b(to)h(the)g(last)g Fr(name)p
Fu(.)40 b(If)29 b(there)g(are)h(few)m(er)f(w)m(ords)g(read)g(from)g
-(the)g(input)g(stream)630 3543 y(than)35 b(names,)i(the)e(remaining)h
+(the)g(input)g(stream)630 5230 y(than)35 b(names,)i(the)e(remaining)h
(names)f(are)h(assigned)f(empt)m(y)h(v)-5 b(alues.)56
-b(The)34 b(c)m(haracters)630 3652 y(in)e(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)33
+b(The)34 b(c)m(haracters)630 5340 y(in)e(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)33
b(of)g(the)g Ft(IFS)f Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)33 b(are)h(used)d(to)j(split)f
-(the)g(line)g(in)m(to)g(w)m(ords)g(using)f(the)630 3762
-y(same)d(rules)f(the)g(shell)h(uses)f(for)g(expansion)g(\(describ)s(ed)
-g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(in)e(Section)h(3.5.7)h([W)-8 b(ord)630
-3871 y(Splitting],)38 b(page)f(35\).)60 b(The)35 b(bac)m(kslash)i(c)m
+(the)g(line)g(in)m(to)g(w)m(ords)g(using)f(the)p eop
+end
+%%Page: 64 70
+TeXDict begin 64 69 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(64)630 299 y(same)29
+b(rules)f(the)g(shell)h(uses)f(for)g(expansion)g(\(describ)s(ed)g(ab)s
+(o)m(v)m(e)i(in)e(Section)h(3.5.7)h([W)-8 b(ord)630 408
+y(Splitting],)38 b(page)f(35\).)60 b(The)35 b(bac)m(kslash)i(c)m
(haracter)h(`)p Ft(\\)p Fu(')e(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(remo)m(v)m
-(e)h(an)m(y)630 3981 y(sp)s(ecial)31 b(meaning)g(for)f(the)g(next)h(c)m
+(e)h(an)m(y)630 518 y(sp)s(ecial)31 b(meaning)g(for)f(the)g(next)h(c)m
(haracter)h(read)e(and)g(for)g(line)h(con)m(tin)m(uation.)630
-4113 y(Options,)f(if)h(supplied,)e(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)g(follo)m(wing)h
-(meanings:)630 4266 y Ft(-a)e Fj(aname)114 b Fu(The)34
+654 y(Options,)f(if)h(supplied,)e(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)g(follo)m(wing)h
+(meanings:)630 816 y Ft(-a)e Fj(aname)114 b Fu(The)34
b(w)m(ords)f(are)i(assigned)f(to)h(sequen)m(tial)h(indices)e(of)g(the)g
-(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)1110 4376 y Fr(aname)p Fu(,)29
+(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)1110 925 y Fr(aname)p Fu(,)29
b(starting)h(at)f(0.)40 b(All)29 b(elemen)m(ts)h(are)e(remo)m(v)m(ed)i
-(from)d Fr(aname)34 b Fu(b)s(efore)1110 4485 y(the)d(assignmen)m(t.)41
+(from)d Fr(aname)34 b Fu(b)s(efore)1110 1035 y(the)d(assignmen)m(t.)41
b(Other)30 b Fr(name)36 b Fu(argumen)m(ts)30 b(are)h(ignored.)630
-4639 y Ft(-d)f Fj(delim)114 b Fu(The)41 b(\014rst)h(c)m(haracter)h(of)f
+1196 y Ft(-d)f Fj(delim)114 b Fu(The)41 b(\014rst)h(c)m(haracter)h(of)f
Fr(delim)g Fu(is)g(used)g(to)g(terminate)h(the)f(input)f(line,)1110
-4748 y(rather)31 b(than)g(newline.)42 b(If)30 b Fr(delim)h
+1306 y(rather)31 b(than)g(newline.)42 b(If)30 b Fr(delim)h
Fu(is)g(the)h(empt)m(y)f(string,)g Ft(read)f Fu(will)h(termi-)1110
-4858 y(nate)g(a)g(line)f(when)g(it)h(reads)f(a)h(NUL)f(c)m(haracter.)
-630 5011 y Ft(-e)384 b Fu(Readline)46 b(\(see)g(Chapter)e(8)h([Command)
-f(Line)h(Editing],)50 b(page)45 b(117\))i(is)1110 5121
+1416 y(nate)g(a)g(line)f(when)g(it)h(reads)f(a)h(NUL)f(c)m(haracter.)
+630 1577 y Ft(-e)384 b Fu(Readline)46 b(\(see)g(Chapter)e(8)h([Command)
+f(Line)h(Editing],)50 b(page)45 b(120\))i(is)1110 1687
y(used)37 b(to)i(obtain)g(the)f(line.)65 b(Readline)39
b(uses)e(the)i(curren)m(t)f(\(or)g(default,)j(if)1110
-5230 y(line)h(editing)g(w)m(as)g(not)g(previously)f(activ)m(e\))k
-(editing)d(settings,)j(but)c(uses)1110 5340 y(Readline's)31
-b(default)g(\014lename)f(completion.)p eop end
-%%Page: 64 70
-TeXDict begin 64 69 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(64)630 299 y Ft(-i)30
-b Fj(text)162 b Fu(If)36 b(Readline)i(is)f(b)s(eing)g(used)f(to)h(read)
-g(the)g(line,)j Fr(text)f Fu(is)e(placed)h(in)m(to)g(the)1110
-408 y(editing)31 b(bu\013er)e(b)s(efore)h(editing)h(b)s(egins.)630
-564 y Ft(-n)f Fj(nchars)66 b Ft(read)38 b Fu(returns)f(after)j(reading)
-f Fr(nc)m(hars)j Fu(c)m(haracters)e(rather)f(than)g(w)m(aiting)1110
-674 y(for)d(a)h(complete)h(line)f(of)g(input,)g(but)f(honors)g(a)h
-(delimiter)g(if)f(few)m(er)h(than)1110 783 y Fr(nc)m(hars)d
-Fu(c)m(haracters)e(are)e(read)h(b)s(efore)f(the)g(delimiter.)630
-939 y Ft(-N)g Fj(nchars)66 b Ft(read)39 b Fu(returns)f(after)j(reading)
-e(exactly)j Fr(nc)m(hars)h Fu(c)m(haracters)f(rather)d(than)1110
-1049 y(w)m(aiting)32 b(for)f(a)g(complete)i(line)e(of)g(input,)g
-(unless)f(EOF)h(is)g(encoun)m(tered)g(or)1110 1158 y
-Ft(read)f Fu(times)i(out.)43 b(Delimiter)33 b(c)m(haracters)f(encoun)m
-(tered)g(in)f(the)g(input)g(are)1110 1268 y(not)g(treated)h(sp)s
-(ecially)f(and)f(do)h(not)g(cause)g Ft(read)e Fu(to)j(return)d(un)m
-(til)i Fr(nc)m(hars)1110 1377 y Fu(c)m(haracters)26 b(are)f(read.)38
-b(The)24 b(result)g(is)h(not)f(split)h(on)f(the)h(c)m(haracters)h(in)e
-Ft(IFS)p Fu(;)1110 1487 y(the)e(in)m(ten)m(t)i(is)e(that)h(the)f(v)-5
+1797 y(line)h(editing)g(w)m(as)g(not)g(previously)f(activ)m(e\))k
+(editing)d(settings,)j(but)c(uses)1110 1906 y(Readline's)31
+b(default)g(\014lename)f(completion.)630 2068 y Ft(-i)g
+Fj(text)162 b Fu(If)36 b(Readline)i(is)f(b)s(eing)g(used)f(to)h(read)g
+(the)g(line,)j Fr(text)f Fu(is)e(placed)h(in)m(to)g(the)1110
+2178 y(editing)31 b(bu\013er)e(b)s(efore)h(editing)h(b)s(egins.)630
+2339 y Ft(-n)f Fj(nchars)66 b Ft(read)38 b Fu(returns)f(after)j
+(reading)f Fr(nc)m(hars)j Fu(c)m(haracters)e(rather)f(than)g(w)m
+(aiting)1110 2449 y(for)d(a)h(complete)h(line)f(of)g(input,)g(but)f
+(honors)g(a)h(delimiter)g(if)f(few)m(er)h(than)1110 2559
+y Fr(nc)m(hars)d Fu(c)m(haracters)e(are)e(read)h(b)s(efore)f(the)g
+(delimiter.)630 2720 y Ft(-N)g Fj(nchars)66 b Ft(read)39
+b Fu(returns)f(after)j(reading)e(exactly)j Fr(nc)m(hars)h
+Fu(c)m(haracters)f(rather)d(than)1110 2830 y(w)m(aiting)32
+b(for)f(a)g(complete)i(line)e(of)g(input,)g(unless)f(EOF)h(is)g(encoun)
+m(tered)g(or)1110 2939 y Ft(read)f Fu(times)i(out.)43
+b(Delimiter)33 b(c)m(haracters)f(encoun)m(tered)g(in)f(the)g(input)g
+(are)1110 3049 y(not)g(treated)h(sp)s(ecially)f(and)f(do)h(not)g(cause)
+g Ft(read)e Fu(to)j(return)d(un)m(til)i Fr(nc)m(hars)1110
+3159 y Fu(c)m(haracters)26 b(are)f(read.)38 b(The)24
+b(result)g(is)h(not)f(split)h(on)f(the)h(c)m(haracters)h(in)e
+Ft(IFS)p Fu(;)1110 3268 y(the)e(in)m(ten)m(t)i(is)e(that)h(the)f(v)-5
b(ariable)23 b(is)f(assigned)g(exactly)i(the)e(c)m(haracters)i(read)
-1110 1597 y(\(with)30 b(the)h(exception)h(of)e(bac)m(kslash;)h(see)g
-(the)g Ft(-r)f Fu(option)h(b)s(elo)m(w\).)630 1752 y
+1110 3378 y(\(with)30 b(the)h(exception)h(of)e(bac)m(kslash;)h(see)g
+(the)g Ft(-r)f Fu(option)h(b)s(elo)m(w\).)630 3540 y
Ft(-p)f Fj(prompt)66 b Fu(Displa)m(y)38 b Fr(prompt)p
Fu(,)g(without)e(a)h(trailing)h(newline,)h(b)s(efore)d(attempting)i(to)
-1110 1862 y(read)f(an)m(y)h(input.)60 b(The)37 b(prompt)g(is)g(displa)m
-(y)m(ed)h(only)f(if)g(input)g(is)g(coming)1110 1972 y(from)30
-b(a)h(terminal.)630 2127 y Ft(-r)384 b Fu(If)21 b(this)h(option)g(is)f
+1110 3649 y(read)f(an)m(y)h(input.)60 b(The)37 b(prompt)g(is)g(displa)m
+(y)m(ed)h(only)f(if)g(input)g(is)g(coming)1110 3759 y(from)30
+b(a)h(terminal.)630 3921 y Ft(-r)384 b Fu(If)21 b(this)h(option)g(is)f
(giv)m(en,)k(bac)m(kslash)d(do)s(es)f(not)h(act)h(as)f(an)f(escap)s(e)h
-(c)m(haracter.)1110 2237 y(The)30 b(bac)m(kslash)i(is)f(considered)g
+(c)m(haracter.)1110 4030 y(The)30 b(bac)m(kslash)i(is)f(considered)g
(to)h(b)s(e)e(part)h(of)g(the)g(line.)43 b(In)30 b(particular,)i(a)1110
-2346 y(bac)m(kslash-newline)26 b(pair)e(ma)m(y)h(not)g(then)g(b)s(e)f
-(used)g(as)h(a)g(line)g(con)m(tin)m(uation.)630 2502
+4140 y(bac)m(kslash-newline)26 b(pair)e(ma)m(y)h(not)g(then)g(b)s(e)f
+(used)g(as)h(a)g(line)g(con)m(tin)m(uation.)630 4301
y Ft(-s)384 b Fu(Silen)m(t)28 b(mo)s(de.)40 b(If)27 b(input)f(is)i
(coming)g(from)f(a)h(terminal,)h(c)m(haracters)g(are)f(not)1110
-2612 y(ec)m(ho)s(ed.)630 2768 y Ft(-t)i Fj(timeout)1110
-2877 y Fu(Cause)23 b Ft(read)f Fu(to)i(time)f(out)h(and)e(return)g
+4411 y(ec)m(ho)s(ed.)630 4573 y Ft(-t)i Fj(timeout)1110
+4682 y Fu(Cause)23 b Ft(read)f Fu(to)i(time)f(out)h(and)e(return)g
(failure)h(if)g(a)h(complete)g(line)g(of)f(input)1110
-2987 y(\(or)h(a)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(c)m
+4792 y(\(or)h(a)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(c)m
(haracters\))h(is)e(not)h(read)f(within)g Fr(timeout)j
-Fu(sec-)1110 3096 y(onds.)43 b Fr(timeout)34 b Fu(ma)m(y)e(b)s(e)e(a)i
+Fu(sec-)1110 4902 y(onds.)43 b Fr(timeout)34 b Fu(ma)m(y)e(b)s(e)e(a)i
(decimal)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(with)h(a)h(fractional)g(p)s(ortion)1110
-3206 y(follo)m(wing)39 b(the)f(decimal)g(p)s(oin)m(t.)63
+5011 y(follo)m(wing)39 b(the)f(decimal)g(p)s(oin)m(t.)63
b(This)37 b(option)h(is)g(only)f(e\013ectiv)m(e)k(if)c
-Ft(read)1110 3315 y Fu(is)c(reading)h(input)e(from)h(a)h(terminal,)h
+Ft(read)1110 5121 y Fu(is)c(reading)h(input)e(from)h(a)h(terminal,)h
(pip)s(e,)e(or)h(other)f(sp)s(ecial)h(\014le;)h(it)f(has)1110
-3425 y(no)f(e\013ect)i(when)d(reading)i(from)f(regular)g(\014les.)50
-b(If)33 b Ft(read)f Fu(times)i(out,)g Ft(read)1110 3535
+5230 y(no)f(e\013ect)i(when)d(reading)i(from)f(regular)g(\014les.)50
+b(If)33 b Ft(read)f Fu(times)i(out,)g Ft(read)1110 5340
y Fu(sa)m(v)m(es)41 b(an)m(y)f(partial)h(input)e(read)g(in)m(to)i(the)f
(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(v)-5 b(ariable)40 b Fr(name)p Fu(.)69
-b(If)1110 3644 y Fr(timeout)31 b Fu(is)c(0,)i Ft(read)d
-Fu(returns)h(immediately)-8 b(,)30 b(without)d(trying)h(to)g(read)g(an)
-m(y)1110 3754 y(data.)49 b(The)33 b(exit)h(status)f(is)g(0)g(if)g
-(input)f(is)h(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)36 b(on)c(the)i(sp)s(eci\014ed)e
-(\014le)1110 3863 y(descriptor,)37 b(or)e(the)h(read)f(will)h(return)e
-(EOF,)h(non-zero)h(otherwise.)56 b(The)1110 3973 y(exit)31
-b(status)g(is)f(greater)i(than)e(128)i(if)e(the)h(timeout)g(is)f
-(exceeded.)630 4129 y Ft(-u)g Fj(fd)258 b Fu(Read)31
-b(input)e(from)h(\014le)g(descriptor)h Fr(fd)p Fu(.)630
-4284 y(If)h(no)g Fr(name)5 b Fu(s)33 b(are)f(supplied,)g(the)h(line)g
-(read,)g(without)f(the)h(ending)f(delimiter)h(but)e(oth-)630
-4394 y(erwise)36 b(unmo)s(di\014ed,)e(is)i(assigned)f(to)h(the)g(v)-5
+b(If)p eop end
+%%Page: 65 71
+TeXDict begin 65 70 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(65)1110 299 y
+Fr(timeout)31 b Fu(is)c(0,)i Ft(read)d Fu(returns)h(immediately)-8
+b(,)30 b(without)d(trying)h(to)g(read)g(an)m(y)1110 408
+y(data.)49 b(The)33 b(exit)h(status)f(is)g(0)g(if)g(input)f(is)h(a)m(v)
+-5 b(ailable)36 b(on)c(the)i(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(\014le)1110
+518 y(descriptor,)37 b(or)e(the)h(read)f(will)h(return)e(EOF,)h
+(non-zero)h(otherwise.)56 b(The)1110 628 y(exit)31 b(status)g(is)f
+(greater)i(than)e(128)i(if)e(the)h(timeout)g(is)f(exceeded.)630
+785 y Ft(-u)g Fj(fd)258 b Fu(Read)31 b(input)e(from)h(\014le)g
+(descriptor)h Fr(fd)p Fu(.)630 942 y(If)h(no)g Fr(name)5
+b Fu(s)33 b(are)f(supplied,)g(the)h(line)g(read,)g(without)f(the)h
+(ending)f(delimiter)h(but)e(oth-)630 1052 y(erwise)36
+b(unmo)s(di\014ed,)e(is)i(assigned)f(to)h(the)g(v)-5
b(ariable)36 b Ft(REPLY)p Fu(.)55 b(The)34 b(exit)j(status)e(is)h
-(zero,)630 4504 y(unless)i(end-of-\014le)h(is)f(encoun)m(tered,)j
+(zero,)630 1161 y(unless)i(end-of-\014le)h(is)f(encoun)m(tered,)j
Ft(read)d Fu(times)h(out)f(\(in)h(whic)m(h)f(case)h(the)g(status)g(is)
-630 4613 y(greater)31 b(than)f(128\),)i(a)e(v)-5 b(ariable)30
+630 1271 y(greater)31 b(than)f(128\),)i(a)e(v)-5 b(ariable)30
b(assignmen)m(t)h(error)f(\(suc)m(h)f(as)i(assigning)f(to)h(a)f
-(readonly)630 4723 y(v)-5 b(ariable\))30 b(o)s(ccurs,)f(or)f(an)h(in)m
+(readonly)630 1380 y(v)-5 b(ariable\))30 b(o)s(ccurs,)f(or)f(an)h(in)m
(v)-5 b(alid)29 b(\014le)g(descriptor)f(is)h(supplied)e(as)i(the)g
-(argumen)m(t)g(to)g Ft(-u)p Fu(.)150 4879 y Ft(readarray)870
-4988 y(readarray)45 b([-d)i Fj(delim)p Ft(])f([-n)h Fj(count)p
+(argumen)m(t)g(to)g Ft(-u)p Fu(.)150 1538 y Ft(readarray)870
+1647 y(readarray)45 b([-d)i Fj(delim)p Ft(])f([-n)h Fj(count)p
Ft(])f([-O)h Fj(origin)p Ft(])f([-s)h Fj(count)p Ft(])1061
-5098 y([-t])g([-u)f Fj(fd)p Ft(])h([-C)g Fj(callback)p
+1757 y([-t])g([-u)f Fj(fd)p Ft(])h([-C)g Fj(callback)p
Ft(])f([-c)g Fj(quantum)p Ft(])g([)p Fj(array)p Ft(])630
-5230 y Fu(Read)38 b(lines)f(from)g(the)h(standard)e(input)g(in)m(to)j
+1890 y Fu(Read)38 b(lines)f(from)g(the)h(standard)e(input)g(in)m(to)j
(the)e(indexed)g(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b Fr(arra)m(y)p
-Fu(,)i(or)630 5340 y(from)30 b(\014le)g(descriptor)h
-Fr(fd)i Fu(if)d(the)h Ft(-u)e Fu(option)i(is)g(supplied.)p
-eop end
-%%Page: 65 71
-TeXDict begin 65 70 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(65)630 299 y(A)30
-b(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Ft(mapfile)p Fu(.)150 455 y Ft(source)870
-588 y(source)46 b Fj(filename)630 721 y Fu(A)30 b(synon)m(ym)g(for)g
-Ft(.)g Fu(\(see)i(Section)f(4.1)g([Bourne)g(Shell)f(Builtins],)h(page)g
-(48\).)150 877 y Ft(type)870 1010 y(type)47 b([-afptP])e([)p
-Fj(name)i Ft(...)o(])630 1142 y Fu(F)-8 b(or)42 b(eac)m(h)g
-Fr(name)p Fu(,)i(indicate)e(ho)m(w)g(it)f(w)m(ould)g(b)s(e)g(in)m
-(terpreted)g(if)g(used)f(as)i(a)f(command)630 1252 y(name.)630
-1385 y(If)g(the)g Ft(-t)g Fu(option)h(is)f(used,)j Ft(type)c
-Fu(prin)m(ts)h(a)h(single)g(w)m(ord)f(whic)m(h)g(is)g(one)h(of)g(`)p
-Ft(alias)p Fu(',)630 1494 y(`)p Ft(function)p Fu(',)32
-b(`)p Ft(builtin)p Fu(',)g(`)p Ft(file)p Fu(')g(or)h(`)p
-Ft(keyword)p Fu(',)f(if)h Fr(name)38 b Fu(is)33 b(an)f(alias,)j(shell)e
-(function,)630 1604 y(shell)i(builtin,)g(disk)g(\014le,)h(or)e(shell)h
-(reserv)m(ed)g(w)m(ord,)h(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)55
-b(If)34 b(the)h Fr(name)40 b Fu(is)35 b(not)630 1714
-y(found,)29 b(then)h(nothing)h(is)f(prin)m(ted,)g(and)g
-Ft(type)f Fu(returns)g(a)i(failure)g(status.)630 1846
-y(If)25 b(the)g Ft(-p)g Fu(option)h(is)f(used,)h Ft(type)e
-Fu(either)h(returns)g(the)g(name)g(of)h(the)f(disk)g(\014le)g(that)h(w)
-m(ould)630 1956 y(b)s(e)k(executed,)h(or)g(nothing)f(if)g
-Ft(-t)g Fu(w)m(ould)g(not)h(return)e(`)p Ft(file)p Fu('.)630
-2089 y(The)h Ft(-P)g Fu(option)h(forces)g(a)g(path)f(searc)m(h)h(for)g
-(eac)m(h)g Fr(name)p Fu(,)g(ev)m(en)g(if)g Ft(-t)f Fu(w)m(ould)g(not)h
-(return)630 2198 y(`)p Ft(file)p Fu('.)630 2331 y(If)f(a)g(command)g
-(is)g(hashed,)f Ft(-p)h Fu(and)f Ft(-P)g Fu(prin)m(t)h(the)g(hashed)f
-(v)-5 b(alue,)31 b(whic)m(h)f(is)g(not)g(neces-)630 2441
-y(sarily)h(the)f(\014le)h(that)g(app)s(ears)e(\014rst)h(in)g
-Ft($PATH)p Fu(.)630 2574 y(If)22 b(the)i Ft(-a)e Fu(option)h(is)g
-(used,)h Ft(type)e Fu(returns)f(all)j(of)f(the)g(places)h(that)f(con)m
-(tain)i(an)d(executable)630 2683 y(named)32 b Fr(\014le)p
-Fu(.)49 b(This)32 b(includes)h(aliases)h(and)e(functions,)i(if)f(and)f
-(only)h(if)g(the)g Ft(-p)f Fu(option)i(is)630 2793 y(not)d(also)g
-(used.)630 2926 y(If)f(the)g Ft(-f)g Fu(option)g(is)h(used,)e
-Ft(type)g Fu(do)s(es)h(not)h(attempt)g(to)g(\014nd)d(shell)j
-(functions,)f(as)g(with)630 3035 y(the)h Ft(command)d
-Fu(builtin.)630 3168 y(The)j(return)e(status)j(is)f(zero)h(if)f(all)g
-(of)h(the)f Fr(name)5 b Fu(s)31 b(are)g(found,)f(non-zero)i(if)f(an)m
-(y)g(are)h(not)630 3278 y(found.)150 3434 y Ft(typeset)870
-3567 y(typeset)46 b([-afFgrxilnrtux])d([-p])k([)p Fj(name)p
-Ft([=)p Fj(value)p Ft(])d(...)o(])630 3699 y Fu(The)31
+Fu(,)i(or)630 2000 y(from)30 b(\014le)g(descriptor)h
+Fr(fd)i Fu(if)d(the)h Ft(-u)e Fu(option)i(is)g(supplied.)630
+2133 y(A)f(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Ft(mapfile)p Fu(.)150 2291
+y Ft(source)870 2424 y(source)46 b Fj(filename)630 2557
+y Fu(A)30 b(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Ft(.)g Fu(\(see)i(Section)f(4.1)g
+([Bourne)g(Shell)f(Builtins],)h(page)g(48\).)150 2715
+y Ft(type)870 2848 y(type)47 b([-afptP])e([)p Fj(name)i
+Ft(...)o(])630 2981 y Fu(F)-8 b(or)42 b(eac)m(h)g Fr(name)p
+Fu(,)i(indicate)e(ho)m(w)g(it)f(w)m(ould)g(b)s(e)g(in)m(terpreted)g(if)
+g(used)f(as)i(a)f(command)630 3091 y(name.)630 3224 y(If)g(the)g
+Ft(-t)g Fu(option)h(is)f(used,)j Ft(type)c Fu(prin)m(ts)h(a)h(single)g
+(w)m(ord)f(whic)m(h)g(is)g(one)h(of)g(`)p Ft(alias)p
+Fu(',)630 3334 y(`)p Ft(keyword)p Fu(',)32 b(`)p Ft(function)p
+Fu(',)g(`)p Ft(builtin)p Fu(',)g(or)h(`)p Ft(file)p Fu(',)g(if)g
+Fr(name)38 b Fu(is)33 b(an)g(alias,)i(shell)e(reserv)m(ed)630
+3444 y(w)m(ord,)39 b(shell)e(function,)i(shell)e(builtin,)i(or)e
+(executable)i(disk)d(\014le,)j(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8
+b(.)63 b(If)37 b(the)630 3553 y Fr(name)f Fu(is)30 b(not)h(found,)e
+(then)h(nothing)g(is)h(prin)m(ted,)f(and)g Ft(type)f
+Fu(returns)g(a)i(failure)f(status.)630 3687 y(If)25 b(the)h
+Ft(-p)f Fu(option)g(is)h(used,)g Ft(type)e Fu(either)i(returns)e(the)i
+(name)f(of)h(the)g(executable)h(\014le)e(that)630 3796
+y(w)m(ould)30 b(b)s(e)g(found)f(b)m(y)h(searc)m(hing)h
+Ft($PATH)p Fu(,)f(or)g(nothing)g(if)h Ft(-t)e Fu(w)m(ould)i(not)f
+(return)f(`)p Ft(file)p Fu('.)630 3930 y(The)h Ft(-P)g
+Fu(option)h(forces)g(a)g(path)f(searc)m(h)h(for)g(eac)m(h)g
+Fr(name)p Fu(,)g(ev)m(en)g(if)g Ft(-t)f Fu(w)m(ould)g(not)h(return)630
+4039 y(`)p Ft(file)p Fu('.)630 4173 y(If)e(a)h Fr(name)k
+Fu(is)29 b(presen)m(t)h(in)f(the)g(table)h(of)g(hashed)e(commands,)i
+(options)f Ft(-p)g Fu(and)g Ft(-P)f Fu(prin)m(t)630 4282
+y(the)j(hashed)e(v)-5 b(alue,)31 b(whic)m(h)f(is)h(not)f(necessarily)i
+(the)e(\014le)h(that)g(app)s(ears)e(\014rst)h(in)g Ft($PATH)p
+Fu(.)630 4416 y(If)e(the)h Ft(-a)f Fu(option)h(is)f(used,)h
+Ft(type)e Fu(returns)g(all)j(of)e(the)h(places)g(that)g(con)m(tain)h(a)
+f(command)630 4525 y(named)c Fr(name)p Fu(.)39 b(This)25
+b(includes)g(aliases,)j(reserv)m(ed)e(w)m(ords,)g(functions,)h(and)d
+(builtins,)j(but)630 4635 y(the)34 b(path)f(searc)m(h)i(options)f(\()p
+Ft(-p)f Fu(and)h Ft(-P)p Fu(\))f(can)h(b)s(e)f(supplied)g(to)h
+(restrict)h(the)f(output)f(to)630 4744 y(executable)k(\014les.)55
+b(If)34 b Ft(-a)h Fu(is)g(supplied)f(with)h Ft(-p)p Fu(,)h
+Ft(type)e Fu(do)s(es)g(not)i(lo)s(ok)g(in)e(the)i(table)g(of)630
+4854 y(hashed)30 b(commands,)g(and)g(only)g(p)s(erforms)f(a)i
+Ft(PATH)e Fu(searc)m(h)i(for)f Fr(name)p Fu(.)630 4987
+y(If)g(the)g Ft(-f)g Fu(option)g(is)h(used,)e Ft(type)g
+Fu(do)s(es)h(not)h(attempt)g(to)g(\014nd)d(shell)j(functions,)f(as)g
+(with)630 5097 y(the)h Ft(command)d Fu(builtin.)630 5230
+y(The)j(return)e(status)j(is)f(zero)h(if)f(all)g(of)h(the)f
+Fr(name)5 b Fu(s)31 b(are)g(found,)f(non-zero)i(if)f(an)m(y)g(are)h
+(not)630 5340 y(found.)p eop end
+%%Page: 66 72
+TeXDict begin 66 71 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(66)150 299 y Ft(typeset)870
+435 y(typeset)46 b([-afFgrxilnrtux])d([-p])k([)p Fj(name)p
+Ft([=)p Fj(value)p Ft(])d(...)o(])630 571 y Fu(The)31
b Ft(typeset)e Fu(command)i(is)g(supplied)f(for)h(compatibilit)m(y)i
-(with)e(the)g(Korn)f(shell.)44 b(It)31 b(is)630 3809
-y(a)g(synon)m(ym)f(for)g(the)g Ft(declare)f Fu(builtin)h(command.)150
-3965 y Ft(ulimit)870 4098 y(ulimit)46 b([-HS])g(-a)870
-4208 y(ulimit)g([-HS])g([-bcdefiklmnpqrstuvxPRT])c([)p
-Fj(limit)p Ft(])630 4340 y(ulimit)25 b Fu(pro)m(vides)h(con)m(trol)i(o)
-m(v)m(er)g(the)f(resources)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)29 b(to)e(pro)s(cesses)
-f(started)h(b)m(y)g(the)630 4450 y(shell,)i(on)f(systems)g(that)h(allo)
-m(w)h(suc)m(h)e(con)m(trol.)41 b(If)28 b(an)g(option)h(is)f(giv)m(en,)i
-(it)e(is)h(in)m(terpreted)630 4560 y(as)i(follo)m(ws:)630
-4716 y Ft(-S)384 b Fu(Change)30 b(and)g(rep)s(ort)g(the)g(soft)h(limit)
-g(asso)s(ciated)h(with)e(a)h(resource.)630 4872 y Ft(-H)384
+(with)e(the)g(Korn)f(shell.)44 b(It)31 b(is)630 680 y(a)g(synon)m(ym)f
+(for)g(the)g Ft(declare)f Fu(builtin)h(command.)150 842
+y Ft(ulimit)870 978 y(ulimit)46 b([-HS])g(-a)870 1088
+y(ulimit)g([-HS])g([-bcdefiklmnpqrstuvxPRT])c([)p Fj(limit)p
+Ft(])630 1224 y(ulimit)25 b Fu(pro)m(vides)h(con)m(trol)i(o)m(v)m(er)g
+(the)f(resources)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)29 b(to)e(pro)s(cesses)f(started)
+h(b)m(y)g(the)630 1333 y(shell,)i(on)f(systems)g(that)h(allo)m(w)h(suc)
+m(h)e(con)m(trol.)41 b(If)28 b(an)g(option)h(is)f(giv)m(en,)i(it)e(is)h
+(in)m(terpreted)630 1443 y(as)i(follo)m(ws:)630 1605
+y Ft(-S)384 b Fu(Change)30 b(and)g(rep)s(ort)g(the)g(soft)h(limit)g
+(asso)s(ciated)h(with)e(a)h(resource.)630 1767 y Ft(-H)384
b Fu(Change)30 b(and)g(rep)s(ort)g(the)g(hard)g(limit)h(asso)s(ciated)h
-(with)e(a)h(resource.)630 5028 y Ft(-a)384 b Fu(All)31
+(with)e(a)h(resource.)630 1930 y Ft(-a)384 b Fu(All)31
b(curren)m(t)f(limits)h(are)g(rep)s(orted;)f(no)g(limits)h(are)g(set.)
-630 5184 y Ft(-b)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(so)s(c)m(k)m(et)i
-(bu\013er)e(size.)630 5340 y Ft(-c)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)
-h(of)g(core)g(\014les)f(created.)p eop end
-%%Page: 66 72
-TeXDict begin 66 71 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(66)630 299 y Ft(-d)384
+630 2092 y Ft(-b)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(so)s(c)m(k)m(et)i
+(bu\013er)e(size.)630 2254 y Ft(-c)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)
+h(of)g(core)g(\014les)f(created.)630 2416 y Ft(-d)384
b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(of)g(a)g(pro)s(cess's)f(data)h
-(segmen)m(t.)630 453 y Ft(-e)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(sc)m
+(segmen)m(t.)630 2578 y Ft(-e)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(sc)m
(heduling)h(priorit)m(y)f(\()p Ft(")p Fu(nice)p Ft(")p
-Fu(\).)630 608 y Ft(-f)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(of)g
+Fu(\).)630 2741 y Ft(-f)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(of)g
(\014les)f(written)h(b)m(y)f(the)g(shell)h(and)f(its)h(c)m(hildren.)630
-763 y Ft(-i)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(p)s
-(ending)e(signals.)630 917 y Ft(-k)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m
+2903 y Ft(-i)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(p)s
+(ending)e(signals.)630 3065 y Ft(-k)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m
(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(kqueues)f(that)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(allo)s(cated.)630
-1072 y Ft(-l)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(that)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s
-(e)f(lo)s(c)m(k)m(ed)i(in)m(to)f(memory)-8 b(.)630 1226
+3227 y Ft(-l)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(that)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s
+(e)f(lo)s(c)m(k)m(ed)i(in)m(to)f(memory)-8 b(.)630 3389
y Ft(-m)384 b Fu(The)36 b(maxim)m(um)g(residen)m(t)h(set)g(size)g
-(\(man)m(y)g(systems)f(do)h(not)f(honor)g(this)1110 1336
-y(limit\).)630 1490 y Ft(-n)384 b Fu(The)38 b(maxim)m(um)h(n)m(um)m(b)s
+(\(man)m(y)g(systems)f(do)h(not)f(honor)g(this)1110 3499
+y(limit\).)630 3661 y Ft(-n)384 b Fu(The)38 b(maxim)m(um)h(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)e(of)i(op)s(en)f(\014le)h(descriptors)g(\(most)g(systems)g(do)1110
-1600 y(not)31 b(allo)m(w)g(this)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(to)g(b)s(e)e(set\).)
-630 1754 y Ft(-p)384 b Fu(The)30 b(pip)s(e)f(bu\013er)h(size.)630
-1909 y Ft(-q)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(b)m
-(ytes)g(in)f Fm(posix)f Fu(message)j(queues.)630 2064
+3771 y(not)31 b(allo)m(w)g(this)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(to)g(b)s(e)e(set\).)
+630 3933 y Ft(-p)384 b Fu(The)30 b(pip)s(e)f(bu\013er)h(size.)630
+4095 y Ft(-q)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(b)m
+(ytes)g(in)f Fm(posix)f Fu(message)j(queues.)630 4257
y Ft(-r)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(real-time)i(sc)m(heduling)f
-(priorit)m(y)-8 b(.)630 2218 y Ft(-s)384 b Fu(The)30
-b(maxim)m(um)g(stac)m(k)i(size.)630 2373 y Ft(-t)384
+(priorit)m(y)-8 b(.)630 4419 y Ft(-s)384 b Fu(The)30
+b(maxim)m(um)g(stac)m(k)i(size.)630 4582 y Ft(-t)384
b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(amoun)m(t)h(of)f(cpu)g(time)h(in)f(seconds.)
-630 2527 y Ft(-u)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i
+630 4744 y Ft(-u)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i
(pro)s(cesses)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)33 b(to)e(a)f(single)i(user.)630
-2682 y Ft(-v)384 b Fu(The)41 b(maxim)m(um)h(amoun)m(t)g(of)h(virtual)f
+4906 y Ft(-v)384 b Fu(The)41 b(maxim)m(um)h(amoun)m(t)g(of)h(virtual)f
(memory)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)44 b(to)e(the)g(shell,)1110
-2791 y(and,)30 b(on)g(some)h(systems,)g(to)g(its)g(c)m(hildren.)630
-2946 y Ft(-x)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i
-(\014le)f(lo)s(c)m(ks.)630 3100 y Ft(-P)384 b Fu(The)30
-b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(pseudoterminals.)630
-3255 y Ft(-R)384 b Fu(The)27 b(maxim)m(um)h(time)h(a)f(real-time)i(pro)
-s(cess)d(can)i(run)d(b)s(efore)i(blo)s(c)m(king,)h(in)1110
-3365 y(microseconds.)630 3519 y Ft(-T)384 b Fu(The)30
-b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(threads.)630 3674
-y(If)36 b Fr(limit)k Fu(is)c(giv)m(en,)k(and)c(the)h
+5016 y(and,)30 b(on)g(some)h(systems,)g(to)g(its)g(c)m(hildren.)630
+5178 y Ft(-x)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i
+(\014le)f(lo)s(c)m(ks.)630 5340 y Ft(-P)384 b Fu(The)30
+b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(pseudoterminals.)p
+eop end
+%%Page: 67 73
+TeXDict begin 67 72 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(67)630 299 y Ft(-R)384
+b Fu(The)27 b(maxim)m(um)h(time)h(a)f(real-time)i(pro)s(cess)d(can)i
+(run)d(b)s(efore)i(blo)s(c)m(king,)h(in)1110 408 y(microseconds.)630
+565 y Ft(-T)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i
+(threads.)630 722 y(If)36 b Fr(limit)k Fu(is)c(giv)m(en,)k(and)c(the)h
Ft(-a)f Fu(option)h(is)f(not)h(used,)h Fr(limit)h Fu(is)e(the)g(new)f
-(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)g(the)630 3783 y(sp)s(eci\014ed)c(resource.)51
+(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)g(the)630 832 y(sp)s(eci\014ed)c(resource.)51
b(The)34 b(sp)s(ecial)g Fr(limit)j Fu(v)-5 b(alues)34
b Ft(hard)p Fu(,)g Ft(soft)p Fu(,)g(and)f Ft(unlimited)e
-Fu(stand)630 3893 y(for)h(the)g(curren)m(t)g(hard)f(limit,)i(the)g
+Fu(stand)630 941 y(for)h(the)g(curren)m(t)g(hard)f(limit,)i(the)g
(curren)m(t)f(soft)g(limit,)h(and)f(no)g(limit,)h(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8
-b(.)48 b(A)630 4002 y(hard)24 b(limit)i(cannot)g(b)s(e)e(increased)h(b)
+b(.)48 b(A)630 1051 y(hard)24 b(limit)i(cannot)g(b)s(e)e(increased)h(b)
m(y)g(a)h(non-ro)s(ot)f(user)f(once)i(it)g(is)f(set;)j(a)d(soft)g
-(limit)h(ma)m(y)630 4112 y(b)s(e)37 b(increased)h(up)e(to)j(the)f(v)-5
+(limit)h(ma)m(y)630 1161 y(b)s(e)37 b(increased)h(up)e(to)j(the)f(v)-5
b(alue)38 b(of)f(the)h(hard)f(limit.)63 b(Otherwise,)39
-b(the)f(curren)m(t)f(v)-5 b(alue)630 4222 y(of)39 b(the)g(soft)h(limit)
+b(the)f(curren)m(t)f(v)-5 b(alue)630 1270 y(of)39 b(the)g(soft)h(limit)
g(for)f(the)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(resource)h(is)g(prin)m(ted,)i(unless)e
-(the)g Ft(-H)f Fu(option)i(is)630 4331 y(supplied.)47
+(the)g Ft(-H)f Fu(option)i(is)630 1380 y(supplied.)47
b(When)33 b(more)g(than)g(one)g(resource)g(is)g(sp)s(eci\014ed,)g(the)g
-(limit)h(name)f(and)f(unit,)630 4441 y(if)27 b(appropriate,)h(are)f
+(limit)h(name)f(and)f(unit,)630 1489 y(if)27 b(appropriate,)h(are)f
(prin)m(ted)g(b)s(efore)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue.)40 b(When)27
-b(setting)h(new)e(limits,)j(if)e(neither)630 4550 y Ft(-H)38
+b(setting)h(new)e(limits,)j(if)e(neither)630 1599 y Ft(-H)38
b Fu(nor)g Ft(-S)g Fu(is)h(supplied,)h(b)s(oth)e(the)h(hard)f(and)g
(soft)h(limits)g(are)g(set.)67 b(If)38 b(no)h(option)g(is)630
-4660 y(giv)m(en,)c(then)f Ft(-f)e Fu(is)i(assumed.)49
+1709 y(giv)m(en,)c(then)f Ft(-f)e Fu(is)i(assumed.)49
b(V)-8 b(alues)35 b(are)e(in)h(1024-b)m(yte)i(incremen)m(ts,)f(except)f
-(for)f Ft(-t)p Fu(,)630 4770 y(whic)m(h)e(is)g(in)g(seconds;)h
+(for)f Ft(-t)p Fu(,)630 1818 y(whic)m(h)e(is)g(in)g(seconds;)h
Ft(-R)p Fu(,)g(whic)m(h)f(is)g(in)g(microseconds;)h Ft(-p)p
-Fu(,)g(whic)m(h)f(is)g(in)g(units)g(of)g(512-)630 4879
+Fu(,)g(whic)m(h)f(is)g(in)g(units)g(of)g(512-)630 1928
y(b)m(yte)k(blo)s(c)m(ks;)j Ft(-P)p Fu(,)e Ft(-T)p Fu(,)f
Ft(-b)p Fu(,)h Ft(-k)p Fu(,)f Ft(-n)g Fu(and)f Ft(-u)p
Fu(,)h(whic)m(h)g(are)g(unscaled)g(v)-5 b(alues;)37 b(and,)f(when)630
-4989 y(in)g Fm(posix)f Fu(Mo)s(de)h(\(see)g(Section)h(6.11)g([Bash)g
-(POSIX)d(Mo)s(de],)k(page)f(106\),)i Ft(-c)c Fu(and)g
-Ft(-f)p Fu(,)630 5098 y(whic)m(h)30 b(are)h(in)f(512-b)m(yte)j
-(incremen)m(ts.)630 5230 y(The)h(return)g(status)h(is)f(zero)i(unless)e
+2037 y(in)g Fm(posix)f Fu(Mo)s(de)h(\(see)g(Section)h(6.11)g([Bash)g
+(POSIX)d(Mo)s(de],)k(page)f(107\),)i Ft(-c)c Fu(and)g
+Ft(-f)p Fu(,)630 2147 y(whic)m(h)30 b(are)h(in)f(512-b)m(yte)j
+(incremen)m(ts.)630 2280 y(The)h(return)g(status)h(is)f(zero)i(unless)e
(an)g(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)36 b(option)f(or)f(argumen)m(t)i(is)e(supplied,)
-h(or)630 5340 y(an)30 b(error)g(o)s(ccurs)g(while)h(setting)g(a)g(new)f
-(limit.)p eop end
-%%Page: 67 73
-TeXDict begin 67 72 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(67)150 299 y Ft(unalias)870
-428 y(unalias)46 b([-a])g([)p Fj(name)h Ft(...)g(])630
-558 y Fu(Remo)m(v)m(e)42 b(eac)m(h)f Fr(name)k Fu(from)39
-b(the)i(list)f(of)g(aliases.)71 b(If)40 b Ft(-a)f Fu(is)h(supplied,)h
-(all)g(aliases)h(are)630 668 y(remo)m(v)m(ed.)g(Aliases)31
-b(are)g(describ)s(ed)e(in)h(Section)i(6.6)f([Aliases],)h(page)f(100.)
-150 898 y Fs(4.3)68 b(Mo)t(difying)45 b(Shell)g(Beha)l(vior)150
-1118 y Fk(4.3.1)63 b(The)41 b(Set)g(Builtin)150 1265
-y Fu(This)35 b(builtin)h(is)g(so)g(complicated)i(that)f(it)f(deserv)m
-(es)h(its)f(o)m(wn)g(section.)59 b Ft(set)35 b Fu(allo)m(ws)j(y)m(ou)e
-(to)h(c)m(hange)150 1374 y(the)c(v)-5 b(alues)34 b(of)f(shell)g
-(options)h(and)e(set)i(the)f(p)s(ositional)h(parameters,)h(or)e(to)h
-(displa)m(y)f(the)g(names)h(and)150 1484 y(v)-5 b(alues)31
-b(of)f(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariables.)150 1633 y Ft(set)870
-1763 y(set)47 b([-abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT])42 b([-o)47 b
-Fj(option-name)p Ft(])d([--])j([-])g([)p Fj(argument)e
-Ft(...)o(])870 1873 y(set)i([+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT])42
+h(or)630 2390 y(an)30 b(error)g(o)s(ccurs)g(while)h(setting)g(a)g(new)f
+(limit.)150 2547 y Ft(unalias)870 2680 y(unalias)46 b([-a])g([)p
+Fj(name)h Ft(...)g(])630 2813 y Fu(Remo)m(v)m(e)42 b(eac)m(h)f
+Fr(name)k Fu(from)39 b(the)i(list)f(of)g(aliases.)71
+b(If)40 b Ft(-a)f Fu(is)h(supplied,)h(all)g(aliases)h(are)630
+2923 y(remo)m(v)m(ed.)g(Aliases)31 b(are)g(describ)s(ed)e(in)h(Section)
+i(6.6)f([Aliases],)h(page)f(101.)150 3161 y Fs(4.3)68
+b(Mo)t(difying)45 b(Shell)g(Beha)l(vior)150 3384 y Fk(4.3.1)63
+b(The)41 b(Set)g(Builtin)150 3531 y Fu(This)35 b(builtin)h(is)g(so)g
+(complicated)i(that)f(it)f(deserv)m(es)h(its)f(o)m(wn)g(section.)59
+b Ft(set)35 b Fu(allo)m(ws)j(y)m(ou)e(to)h(c)m(hange)150
+3640 y(the)c(v)-5 b(alues)34 b(of)f(shell)g(options)h(and)e(set)i(the)f
+(p)s(ositional)h(parameters,)h(or)e(to)h(displa)m(y)f(the)g(names)h
+(and)150 3750 y(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(of)f(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariables.)150
+3907 y Ft(set)870 4040 y(set)47 b([-abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT])42
+b([-o)47 b Fj(option-name)p Ft(])d([--])j([-])g([)p Fj(argument)e
+Ft(...)o(])870 4150 y(set)i([+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT])42
b([+o)47 b Fj(option-name)p Ft(])d([--])j([-])g([)p Fj(argument)e
-Ft(...)o(])630 2002 y Fu(If)22 b(no)h(options)g(or)g(argumen)m(ts)g
+Ft(...)o(])630 4283 y Fu(If)22 b(no)h(options)g(or)g(argumen)m(ts)g
(are)g(supplied,)g Ft(set)f Fu(displa)m(ys)g(the)h(names)g(and)f(v)-5
-b(alues)23 b(of)g(all)630 2112 y(shell)j(v)-5 b(ariables)27
+b(alues)23 b(of)g(all)630 4392 y(shell)j(v)-5 b(ariables)27
b(and)e(functions,)h(sorted)g(according)h(to)g(the)f(curren)m(t)f(lo)s
-(cale,)k(in)c(a)i(format)630 2221 y(that)i(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(reused)g
+(cale,)k(in)c(a)i(format)630 4502 y(that)i(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(reused)g
(as)h(input)f(for)h(setting)h(or)e(resetting)i(the)f(curren)m(tly-set)h
-(v)-5 b(ariables.)630 2331 y(Read-only)37 b(v)-5 b(ariables)37
+(v)-5 b(ariables.)630 4612 y(Read-only)37 b(v)-5 b(ariables)37
b(cannot)h(b)s(e)e(reset.)59 b(In)36 b Fm(posix)g Fu(mo)s(de,)i(only)f
-(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariables)38 b(are)630 2440 y(listed.)630
-2570 y(When)29 b(options)g(are)g(supplied,)f(they)h(set)h(or)f(unset)f
+(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariables)38 b(are)630 4721 y(listed.)630
+4854 y(When)29 b(options)g(are)g(supplied,)f(they)h(set)h(or)f(unset)f
(shell)h(attributes.)41 b(Options,)29 b(if)g(sp)s(ec-)630
-2680 y(i\014ed,)h(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)e(follo)m(wing)i(meanings:)630
-2829 y Ft(-a)384 b Fu(Eac)m(h)37 b(v)-5 b(ariable)36
+4964 y(i\014ed,)h(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)e(follo)m(wing)i(meanings:)630
+5121 y Ft(-a)384 b Fu(Eac)m(h)37 b(v)-5 b(ariable)36
b(or)g(function)g(that)g(is)g(created)h(or)f(mo)s(di\014ed)f(is)h(giv)m
-(en)h(the)1110 2939 y(exp)s(ort)28 b(attribute)h(and)f(mark)m(ed)g(for)
+(en)h(the)1110 5230 y(exp)s(ort)28 b(attribute)h(and)f(mark)m(ed)g(for)
g(exp)s(ort)g(to)h(the)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)f(of)h(sub-)1110
-3048 y(sequen)m(t)i(commands.)630 3198 y Ft(-b)384 b
-Fu(Cause)44 b(the)h(status)g(of)f(terminated)h(bac)m(kground)g(jobs)f
-(to)h(b)s(e)f(rep)s(orted)1110 3307 y(immediately)-8
-b(,)30 b(rather)d(than)f(b)s(efore)h(prin)m(ting)g(the)g(next)g
-(primary)g(prompt.)630 3457 y Ft(-e)384 b Fu(Exit)65
-b(immediately)g(if)f(a)h(pip)s(eline)e(\(see)i(Section)g(3.2.3)h([Pip)s
-(elines],)1110 3567 y(page)51 b(10\),)58 b(whic)m(h)50
-b(ma)m(y)h(consist)h(of)e(a)i(single)f(simple)g(command)f(\(see)1110
-3676 y(Section)30 b(3.2.2)i([Simple)d(Commands],)g(page)h(9\),)h(a)f
-(list)g(\(see)h(Section)f(3.2.4)1110 3786 y([Lists],)60
-b(page)55 b(10\),)60 b(or)54 b(a)g(comp)s(ound)e(command)h(\(see)i
-(Section)f(3.2.5)1110 3895 y([Comp)s(ound)60 b(Commands],)70
-b(page)63 b(11\))g(returns)e(a)i(non-zero)f(status.)1110
-4005 y(The)41 b(shell)g(do)s(es)g(not)g(exit)h(if)f(the)h(command)f
-(that)h(fails)f(is)g(part)g(of)h(the)1110 4115 y(command)g(list)h
-(immediately)g(follo)m(wing)g(a)g Ft(while)e Fu(or)h
-Ft(until)e Fu(k)m(eyw)m(ord,)1110 4224 y(part)61 b(of)g(the)g(test)h
-(in)e(an)h Ft(if)f Fu(statemen)m(t,)71 b(part)61 b(of)g(an)m(y)g
-(command)1110 4334 y(executed)50 b(in)e(a)h Ft(&&)f Fu(or)h
-Ft(||)f Fu(list)h(except)g(the)g(command)g(follo)m(wing)h(the)1110
-4443 y(\014nal)37 b Ft(&&)g Fu(or)g Ft(||)p Fu(,)h(an)m(y)g(command)f
+5340 y(sequen)m(t)i(commands.)p eop end
+%%Page: 68 74
+TeXDict begin 68 73 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(68)630 299 y Ft(-b)384
+b Fu(Cause)44 b(the)h(status)g(of)f(terminated)h(bac)m(kground)g(jobs)f
+(to)h(b)s(e)f(rep)s(orted)1110 408 y(immediately)-8 b(,)30
+b(rather)d(than)f(b)s(efore)h(prin)m(ting)g(the)g(next)g(primary)g
+(prompt.)630 555 y Ft(-e)384 b Fu(Exit)65 b(immediately)g(if)f(a)h(pip)
+s(eline)e(\(see)i(Section)g(3.2.3)h([Pip)s(elines],)1110
+664 y(page)51 b(10\),)58 b(whic)m(h)50 b(ma)m(y)h(consist)h(of)e(a)i
+(single)f(simple)g(command)f(\(see)1110 774 y(Section)30
+b(3.2.2)i([Simple)d(Commands],)g(page)h(9\),)h(a)f(list)g(\(see)h
+(Section)f(3.2.4)1110 883 y([Lists],)60 b(page)55 b(10\),)60
+b(or)54 b(a)g(comp)s(ound)e(command)h(\(see)i(Section)f(3.2.5)1110
+993 y([Comp)s(ound)60 b(Commands],)70 b(page)63 b(11\))g(returns)e(a)i
+(non-zero)f(status.)1110 1103 y(The)41 b(shell)g(do)s(es)g(not)g(exit)h
+(if)f(the)h(command)f(that)h(fails)f(is)g(part)g(of)h(the)1110
+1212 y(command)g(list)h(immediately)g(follo)m(wing)g(a)g
+Ft(while)e Fu(or)h Ft(until)e Fu(k)m(eyw)m(ord,)1110
+1322 y(part)61 b(of)g(the)g(test)h(in)e(an)h Ft(if)f
+Fu(statemen)m(t,)71 b(part)61 b(of)g(an)m(y)g(command)1110
+1431 y(executed)50 b(in)e(a)h Ft(&&)f Fu(or)h Ft(||)f
+Fu(list)h(except)g(the)g(command)g(follo)m(wing)h(the)1110
+1541 y(\014nal)37 b Ft(&&)g Fu(or)g Ft(||)p Fu(,)h(an)m(y)g(command)f
(in)g(a)g(pip)s(eline)g(but)g(the)g(last,)j(or)e(if)f(the)1110
-4553 y(command's)c(return)f(status)h(is)g(b)s(eing)g(in)m(v)m(erted)h
+1650 y(command's)c(return)f(status)h(is)g(b)s(eing)g(in)m(v)m(erted)h
(with)e Ft(!)p Fu(.)48 b(If)33 b(a)g(comp)s(ound)1110
-4662 y(command)g(other)g(than)f(a)i(subshell)d(returns)h(a)h(non-zero)h
-(status)f(b)s(ecause)1110 4772 y(a)k(command)g(failed)g(while)g
+1760 y(command)g(other)g(than)f(a)i(subshell)d(returns)h(a)h(non-zero)h
+(status)f(b)s(ecause)1110 1870 y(a)k(command)g(failed)g(while)g
Ft(-e)f Fu(w)m(as)i(b)s(eing)e(ignored,)j(the)e(shell)g(do)s(es)g(not)
-1110 4882 y(exit.)42 b(A)30 b(trap)g(on)h Ft(ERR)p Fu(,)e(if)i(set,)g
+1110 1979 y(exit.)42 b(A)30 b(trap)g(on)h Ft(ERR)p Fu(,)e(if)i(set,)g
(is)f(executed)i(b)s(efore)e(the)g(shell)h(exits.)1110
-5011 y(This)f(option)h(applies)f(to)h(the)g(shell)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g
-(and)f(eac)m(h)h(subshell)f(en-)1110 5121 y(vironmen)m(t)j(separately)i
+2107 y(This)f(option)h(applies)f(to)h(the)g(shell)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g
+(and)f(eac)m(h)h(subshell)f(en-)1110 2217 y(vironmen)m(t)j(separately)i
(\(see)f(Section)g(3.7.3)h([Command)d(Execution)i(En-)1110
-5230 y(vironmen)m(t],)i(page)f(43\),)i(and)d(ma)m(y)h(cause)f
-(subshells)g(to)h(exit)g(b)s(efore)f(exe-)1110 5340 y(cuting)d(all)g
-(the)g(commands)f(in)g(the)g(subshell.)p eop end
-%%Page: 68 74
-TeXDict begin 68 73 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(68)1110 299 y(If)41
+2326 y(vironmen)m(t],)i(page)f(43\),)i(and)d(ma)m(y)h(cause)f
+(subshells)g(to)h(exit)g(b)s(efore)f(exe-)1110 2436 y(cuting)d(all)g
+(the)g(commands)f(in)g(the)g(subshell.)1110 2564 y(If)41
b(a)g(comp)s(ound)e(command)i(or)g(shell)g(function)g(executes)h(in)f
-(a)g(con)m(text)1110 408 y(where)31 b Ft(-e)g Fu(is)g(b)s(eing)g
+(a)g(con)m(text)1110 2673 y(where)31 b Ft(-e)g Fu(is)g(b)s(eing)g
(ignored,)h(none)f(of)h(the)f(commands)g(executed)h(within)1110
-518 y(the)j(comp)s(ound)f(command)h(or)g(function)f(b)s(o)s(dy)g(will)h
-(b)s(e)f(a\013ected)j(b)m(y)e(the)1110 628 y Ft(-e)25
+2783 y(the)j(comp)s(ound)f(command)h(or)g(function)f(b)s(o)s(dy)g(will)
+h(b)s(e)f(a\013ected)j(b)m(y)e(the)1110 2892 y Ft(-e)25
b Fu(setting,)j(ev)m(en)e(if)g Ft(-e)f Fu(is)h(set)g(and)f(a)h(command)
-g(returns)e(a)i(failure)g(status.)1110 737 y(If)32 b(a)i(comp)s(ound)d
+g(returns)e(a)i(failure)g(status.)1110 3002 y(If)32 b(a)i(comp)s(ound)d
(command)i(or)g(shell)g(function)f(sets)i Ft(-e)e Fu(while)h(executing)
-1110 847 y(in)40 b(a)h(con)m(text)i(where)d Ft(-e)g Fu(is)h(ignored,)j
-(that)d(setting)h(will)f(not)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(an)m(y)1110
-956 y(e\013ect)g(un)m(til)e(the)h(comp)s(ound)e(command)h(or)g(the)g
-(command)g(con)m(taining)1110 1066 y(the)31 b(function)f(call)h
-(completes.)630 1217 y Ft(-f)384 b Fu(Disable)31 b(\014lename)g
-(expansion)f(\(globbing\).)630 1367 y Ft(-h)384 b Fu(Lo)s(cate)33
+1110 3112 y(in)40 b(a)h(con)m(text)i(where)d Ft(-e)g
+Fu(is)h(ignored,)j(that)d(setting)h(will)f(not)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(an)m(y)
+1110 3221 y(e\013ect)g(un)m(til)e(the)h(comp)s(ound)e(command)h(or)g
+(the)g(command)g(con)m(taining)1110 3331 y(the)31 b(function)f(call)h
+(completes.)630 3477 y Ft(-f)384 b Fu(Disable)31 b(\014lename)g
+(expansion)f(\(globbing\).)630 3623 y Ft(-h)384 b Fu(Lo)s(cate)33
b(and)e(remem)m(b)s(er)h(\(hash\))g(commands)f(as)h(they)g(are)g(lo)s
-(ok)m(ed)h(up)e(for)1110 1477 y(execution.)42 b(This)29
-b(option)i(is)g(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)630 1628 y
+(ok)m(ed)h(up)e(for)1110 3733 y(execution.)42 b(This)29
+b(option)i(is)g(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)630 3879 y
Ft(-k)384 b Fu(All)34 b(argumen)m(ts)g(in)f(the)h(form)f(of)g
(assignmen)m(t)h(statemen)m(ts)i(are)d(placed)h(in)1110
-1737 y(the)k(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(for)g(a)g(command,)h(not)f(just)f
-(those)i(that)f(precede)g(the)1110 1847 y(command)30
-b(name.)630 1998 y Ft(-m)384 b Fu(Job)28 b(con)m(trol)h(is)f(enabled)g
-(\(see)h(Chapter)f(7)g([Job)g(Con)m(trol],)i(page)f(113\).)41
-b(All)1110 2107 y(pro)s(cesses)27 b(run)f(in)i(a)g(separate)g(pro)s
+3988 y(the)k(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(for)g(a)g(command,)h(not)f(just)f
+(those)i(that)f(precede)g(the)1110 4098 y(command)30
+b(name.)630 4244 y Ft(-m)384 b Fu(Job)28 b(con)m(trol)h(is)f(enabled)g
+(\(see)h(Chapter)f(7)g([Job)g(Con)m(trol],)i(page)f(116\).)41
+b(All)1110 4354 y(pro)s(cesses)27 b(run)f(in)i(a)g(separate)g(pro)s
(cess)f(group.)40 b(When)27 b(a)h(bac)m(kground)f(job)1110
-2217 y(completes,)32 b(the)f(shell)f(prin)m(ts)g(a)h(line)f(con)m
-(taining)i(its)f(exit)g(status.)630 2367 y Ft(-n)384
+4463 y(completes,)32 b(the)f(shell)f(prin)m(ts)g(a)h(line)f(con)m
+(taining)i(its)f(exit)g(status.)630 4609 y Ft(-n)384
b Fu(Read)38 b(commands)f(but)f(do)i(not)f(execute)i(them.)62
-b(This)37 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)1110 2477 y(c)m(hec)m(k)d(a)e
+b(This)37 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)1110 4719 y(c)m(hec)m(k)d(a)e
(script)g(for)g(syn)m(tax)h(errors.)42 b(This)30 b(option)i(is)f
-(ignored)g(b)m(y)g(in)m(terac-)1110 2587 y(tiv)m(e)h(shells.)630
-2737 y Ft(-o)e Fj(option-name)1110 2847 y Fu(Set)h(the)f(option)h
+(ignored)g(b)m(y)g(in)m(terac-)1110 4829 y(tiv)m(e)h(shells.)630
+4975 y Ft(-o)e Fj(option-name)1110 5084 y Fu(Set)h(the)f(option)h
(corresp)s(onding)e(to)i Fr(option-name)5 b Fu(:)1110
-2998 y Ft(allexport)1590 3107 y Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-a)p
-Fu(.)1110 3258 y Ft(braceexpand)1590 3367 y Fu(Same)f(as)h
-Ft(-B)p Fu(.)1110 3518 y Ft(emacs)240 b Fu(Use)25 b(an)f
-Ft(emacs)p Fu(-st)m(yle)h(line)f(editing)h(in)m(terface)h(\(see)g
-(Chapter)e(8)1590 3628 y([Command)33 b(Line)g(Editing],)h(page)h
-(117\).)51 b(This)32 b(also)i(a\013ects)1590 3737 y(the)d(editing)g(in)
-m(terface)h(used)d(for)h Ft(read)f(-e)p Fu(.)1110 3888
-y Ft(errexit)144 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-e)p Fu(.)1110
-4039 y Ft(errtrace)96 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-E)p Fu(.)1110
-4189 y Ft(functrace)1590 4299 y Fu(Same)f(as)h Ft(-T)p
-Fu(.)1110 4450 y Ft(hashall)144 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-h)p
-Fu(.)1110 4600 y Ft(histexpand)1590 4710 y Fu(Same)f(as)h
-Ft(-H)p Fu(.)1110 4861 y Ft(history)144 b Fu(Enable)39
-b(command)g(history)-8 b(,)42 b(as)d(describ)s(ed)f(in)h(Section)h(9.1)
-1590 4970 y([Bash)d(History)g(F)-8 b(acilities],)41 b(page)c(152.)60
-b(This)36 b(option)h(is)f(on)1590 5080 y(b)m(y)30 b(default)h(in)f(in)m
-(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)1110 5230 y Ft(ignoreeof)1590
-5340 y Fu(An)d(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)e(will)g(not)f(exit)h(up)s(on)
-e(reading)i(EOF.)p eop end
+5230 y Ft(allexport)1590 5340 y Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-a)p
+Fu(.)p eop end
%%Page: 69 75
TeXDict begin 69 74 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(69)1110 299 y
-Ft(keyword)144 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-k)p Fu(.)1110
-457 y Ft(monitor)144 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-m)p Fu(.)1110
-615 y Ft(noclobber)1590 725 y Fu(Same)f(as)h Ft(-C)p
-Fu(.)1110 883 y Ft(noexec)192 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-n)p
-Fu(.)1110 1042 y Ft(noglob)192 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-f)p
-Fu(.)1110 1200 y Ft(nolog)240 b Fu(Curren)m(tly)30 b(ignored.)1110
-1358 y Ft(notify)192 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-b)p Fu(.)1110
-1517 y Ft(nounset)144 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-u)p Fu(.)1110
-1675 y Ft(onecmd)192 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-t)p Fu(.)1110
-1833 y Ft(physical)96 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-P)p Fu(.)1110
-1991 y Ft(pipefail)96 b Fu(If)44 b(set,)k(the)d(return)e(v)-5
+Ft(braceexpand)1590 408 y Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-B)p Fu(.)1110
+573 y Ft(emacs)240 b Fu(Use)25 b(an)f Ft(emacs)p Fu(-st)m(yle)h(line)f
+(editing)h(in)m(terface)h(\(see)g(Chapter)e(8)1590 682
+y([Command)33 b(Line)g(Editing],)h(page)h(120\).)51 b(This)32
+b(also)i(a\013ects)1590 792 y(the)d(editing)g(in)m(terface)h(used)d
+(for)h Ft(read)f(-e)p Fu(.)1110 956 y Ft(errexit)144
+b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-e)p Fu(.)1110 1121 y Ft(errtrace)96
+b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-E)p Fu(.)1110 1285 y Ft(functrace)1590
+1395 y Fu(Same)f(as)h Ft(-T)p Fu(.)1110 1559 y Ft(hashall)144
+b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-h)p Fu(.)1110 1724 y Ft(histexpand)1590
+1833 y Fu(Same)f(as)h Ft(-H)p Fu(.)1110 1998 y Ft(history)144
+b Fu(Enable)39 b(command)g(history)-8 b(,)42 b(as)d(describ)s(ed)f(in)h
+(Section)h(9.1)1590 2107 y([Bash)d(History)g(F)-8 b(acilities],)41
+b(page)c(155.)60 b(This)36 b(option)h(is)f(on)1590 2217
+y(b)m(y)30 b(default)h(in)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)1110
+2381 y Ft(ignoreeof)1590 2491 y Fu(An)d(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)e
+(will)g(not)f(exit)h(up)s(on)e(reading)i(EOF.)1110 2655
+y Ft(keyword)144 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-k)p Fu(.)1110
+2819 y Ft(monitor)144 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-m)p Fu(.)1110
+2984 y Ft(noclobber)1590 3093 y Fu(Same)f(as)h Ft(-C)p
+Fu(.)1110 3258 y Ft(noexec)192 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-n)p
+Fu(.)1110 3422 y Ft(noglob)192 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-f)p
+Fu(.)1110 3587 y Ft(nolog)240 b Fu(Curren)m(tly)30 b(ignored.)1110
+3751 y Ft(notify)192 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-b)p Fu(.)1110
+3915 y Ft(nounset)144 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-u)p Fu(.)1110
+4080 y Ft(onecmd)192 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-t)p Fu(.)1110
+4244 y Ft(physical)96 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-P)p Fu(.)1110
+4408 y Ft(pipefail)96 b Fu(If)44 b(set,)k(the)d(return)e(v)-5
b(alue)45 b(of)f(a)h(pip)s(eline)e(is)i(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)45
-b(of)1590 2101 y(the)33 b(last)h(\(righ)m(tmost\))h(command)e(to)h
-(exit)g(with)f(a)g(non-zero)1590 2211 y(status,)28 b(or)f(zero)g(if)f
+b(of)1590 4518 y(the)33 b(last)h(\(righ)m(tmost\))h(command)e(to)h
+(exit)g(with)f(a)g(non-zero)1590 4628 y(status,)28 b(or)f(zero)g(if)f
(all)i(commands)e(in)g(the)h(pip)s(eline)f(exit)i(suc-)1590
-2320 y(cessfully)-8 b(.)41 b(This)30 b(option)h(is)f(disabled)g(b)m(y)h
-(default.)1110 2478 y Ft(posix)240 b Fu(Change)30 b(the)g(b)s(eha)m
+4737 y(cessfully)-8 b(.)41 b(This)30 b(option)h(is)f(disabled)g(b)m(y)h
+(default.)1110 4902 y Ft(posix)240 b Fu(Change)30 b(the)g(b)s(eha)m
(vior)h(of)f(Bash)g(where)g(the)g(default)h(op)s(era-)1590
-2588 y(tion)25 b(di\013ers)f(from)g(the)h Fm(posix)f
-Fu(standard)f(to)i(matc)m(h)h(the)f(stan-)1590 2698 y(dard)h(\(see)j
-(Section)f(6.11)h([Bash)f(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)j(page)f(106\).)1590
-2807 y(This)37 b(is)g(in)m(tended)g(to)h(mak)m(e)g(Bash)g(b)s(eha)m(v)m
-(e)g(as)g(a)f(strict)h(su-)1590 2917 y(p)s(erset)30 b(of)h(that)f
-(standard.)1110 3075 y Ft(privileged)1590 3185 y Fu(Same)g(as)h
-Ft(-p)p Fu(.)1110 3343 y Ft(verbose)144 b Fu(Same)30
-b(as)h Ft(-v)p Fu(.)1110 3501 y Ft(vi)384 b Fu(Use)36
-b(a)g Ft(vi)p Fu(-st)m(yle)g(line)g(editing)g(in)m(terface.)58
-b(This)35 b(also)h(a\013ects)1590 3611 y(the)31 b(editing)g(in)m
-(terface)h(used)d(for)h Ft(read)f(-e)p Fu(.)1110 3769
-y Ft(xtrace)192 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-x)p Fu(.)630
-3927 y Ft(-p)384 b Fu(T)-8 b(urn)33 b(on)h(privileged)h(mo)s(de.)51
-b(In)34 b(this)g(mo)s(de,)h(the)f Ft($BASH_ENV)e Fu(and)h
-Ft($ENV)1110 4037 y Fu(\014les)23 b(are)h(not)f(pro)s(cessed,)h(shell)g
-(functions)e(are)i(not)f(inherited)g(from)f(the)i(en-)1110
-4147 y(vironmen)m(t,)h(and)e(the)g Ft(SHELLOPTS)p Fu(,)f
-Ft(BASHOPTS)p Fu(,)h Ft(CDPATH)e Fu(and)i Ft(GLOBIGNORE)1110
-4256 y Fu(v)-5 b(ariables,)23 b(if)e(they)g(app)s(ear)f(in)g(the)h(en)m
-(vironmen)m(t,)i(are)e(ignored.)38 b(If)20 b(the)h(shell)1110
-4366 y(is)37 b(started)h(with)f(the)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)d
-(\(group\))g(id)g(not)g(equal)h(to)g(the)f(real)1110
-4475 y(user)h(\(group\))h(id,)i(and)d(the)h Ft(-p)f Fu(option)i(is)e
-(not)i(supplied,)f(these)h(actions)1110 4585 y(are)32
-b(tak)m(en)i(and)d(the)h(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)c(id)h(is)g(set)h(to)f
-(the)h(real)f(user)g(id.)45 b(If)32 b(the)1110 4695 y
-Ft(-p)i Fu(option)h(is)g(supplied)f(at)h(startup,)h(the)f(e\013ectiv)m
-(e)i(user)d(id)g(is)h(not)g(reset.)1110 4804 y(T)-8 b(urning)35
-b(this)i(option)g(o\013)g(causes)g(the)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)i(user)d(and)g
-(group)g(ids)g(to)1110 4914 y(b)s(e)30 b(set)h(to)g(the)f(real)h(user)f
-(and)g(group)g(ids.)630 5072 y Ft(-r)384 b Fu(Enable)32
-b(restricted)h(shell)f(mo)s(de.)45 b(This)31 b(option)i(cannot)g(b)s(e)
-e(unset)h(once)g(it)1110 5182 y(has)e(b)s(een)g(set.)630
-5340 y Ft(-t)384 b Fu(Exit)31 b(after)g(reading)f(and)g(executing)h
-(one)g(command.)p eop end
+5011 y(tion)25 b(di\013ers)f(from)g(the)h Fm(posix)f
+Fu(standard)f(to)i(matc)m(h)h(the)f(stan-)1590 5121 y(dard)h(\(see)j
+(Section)f(6.11)h([Bash)f(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)j(page)f(107\).)1590
+5230 y(This)37 b(is)g(in)m(tended)g(to)h(mak)m(e)g(Bash)g(b)s(eha)m(v)m
+(e)g(as)g(a)f(strict)h(su-)1590 5340 y(p)s(erset)30 b(of)h(that)f
+(standard.)p eop end
%%Page: 70 76
TeXDict begin 70 75 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(70)630 299 y Ft(-u)384
-b Fu(T)-8 b(reat)25 b(unset)e(v)-5 b(ariables)25 b(and)e(parameters)h
-(other)h(than)e(the)h(sp)s(ecial)h(param-)1110 408 y(eters)32
-b(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')f(or)h(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(',)g(or)f(arra)m(y)h(v)-5
-b(ariables)32 b(subscripted)e(with)h(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')g(or)h(`)p
-Ft(*)p Fu(',)f(as)h(an)1110 518 y(error)24 b(when)g(p)s(erforming)g
-(parameter)h(expansion.)39 b(An)24 b(error)h(message)h(will)1110
-628 y(b)s(e)37 b(written)h(to)h(the)f(standard)f(error,)i(and)f(a)g
-(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)d(will)1110 737 y(exit.)630
-902 y Ft(-v)384 b Fu(Prin)m(t)30 b(shell)h(input)e(lines)i(as)g(they)f
-(are)h(read.)630 1066 y Ft(-x)384 b Fu(Prin)m(t)21 b(a)h(trace)h(of)f
-(simple)f(commands,)i Ft(for)e Fu(commands,)i Ft(case)d
-Fu(commands,)1110 1176 y Ft(select)29 b Fu(commands,)j(and)e
-(arithmetic)j Ft(for)d Fu(commands)h(and)f(their)i(argu-)1110
-1285 y(men)m(ts)h(or)f(asso)s(ciated)i(w)m(ord)e(lists)h(after)g(they)f
-(are)h(expanded)f(and)f(b)s(efore)1110 1395 y(they)i(are)g(executed.)49
-b(The)32 b(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(of)g(the)g Ft(PS4)f Fu(v)-5
-b(ariable)34 b(is)f(expanded)f(and)1110 1504 y(the)24
-b(resultan)m(t)h(v)-5 b(alue)24 b(is)g(prin)m(ted)g(b)s(efore)f(the)h
-(command)g(and)f(its)i(expanded)1110 1614 y(argumen)m(ts.)630
-1778 y Ft(-B)384 b Fu(The)41 b(shell)g(will)g(p)s(erform)f(brace)h
-(expansion)g(\(see)h(Section)g(3.5.1)g([Brace)1110 1888
-y(Expansion],)30 b(page)h(24\).)42 b(This)30 b(option)h(is)f(on)g(b)m
-(y)h(default.)630 2052 y Ft(-C)384 b Fu(Prev)m(en)m(t)25
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(70)1110 299 y
+Ft(privileged)1590 408 y Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-p)p Fu(.)1110
+569 y Ft(verbose)144 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-v)p Fu(.)1110
+729 y Ft(vi)384 b Fu(Use)36 b(a)g Ft(vi)p Fu(-st)m(yle)g(line)g
+(editing)g(in)m(terface.)58 b(This)35 b(also)h(a\013ects)1590
+838 y(the)31 b(editing)g(in)m(terface)h(used)d(for)h
+Ft(read)f(-e)p Fu(.)1110 999 y Ft(xtrace)192 b Fu(Same)30
+b(as)h Ft(-x)p Fu(.)630 1159 y Ft(-p)384 b Fu(T)-8 b(urn)33
+b(on)h(privileged)h(mo)s(de.)51 b(In)34 b(this)g(mo)s(de,)h(the)f
+Ft($BASH_ENV)e Fu(and)h Ft($ENV)1110 1268 y Fu(\014les)23
+b(are)h(not)f(pro)s(cessed,)h(shell)g(functions)e(are)i(not)f
+(inherited)g(from)f(the)i(en-)1110 1378 y(vironmen)m(t,)h(and)e(the)g
+Ft(SHELLOPTS)p Fu(,)f Ft(BASHOPTS)p Fu(,)h Ft(CDPATH)e
+Fu(and)i Ft(GLOBIGNORE)1110 1487 y Fu(v)-5 b(ariables,)23
+b(if)e(they)g(app)s(ear)f(in)g(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)i(are)e
+(ignored.)38 b(If)20 b(the)h(shell)1110 1597 y(is)37
+b(started)h(with)f(the)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)d(\(group\))g(id)g(not)g
+(equal)h(to)g(the)f(real)1110 1707 y(user)h(\(group\))h(id,)i(and)d
+(the)h Ft(-p)f Fu(option)i(is)e(not)i(supplied,)f(these)h(actions)1110
+1816 y(are)32 b(tak)m(en)i(and)d(the)h(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)c(id)h(is)
+g(set)h(to)f(the)h(real)f(user)g(id.)45 b(If)32 b(the)1110
+1926 y Ft(-p)i Fu(option)h(is)g(supplied)f(at)h(startup,)h(the)f
+(e\013ectiv)m(e)i(user)d(id)g(is)h(not)g(reset.)1110
+2035 y(T)-8 b(urning)35 b(this)i(option)g(o\013)g(causes)g(the)g
+(e\013ectiv)m(e)i(user)d(and)g(group)g(ids)g(to)1110
+2145 y(b)s(e)30 b(set)h(to)g(the)f(real)h(user)f(and)g(group)g(ids.)630
+2305 y Ft(-r)384 b Fu(Enable)32 b(restricted)h(shell)f(mo)s(de.)45
+b(This)31 b(option)i(cannot)g(b)s(e)e(unset)h(once)g(it)1110
+2415 y(has)e(b)s(een)g(set.)630 2575 y Ft(-t)384 b Fu(Exit)31
+b(after)g(reading)f(and)g(executing)h(one)g(command.)630
+2735 y Ft(-u)384 b Fu(T)-8 b(reat)25 b(unset)e(v)-5 b(ariables)25
+b(and)e(parameters)h(other)h(than)e(the)h(sp)s(ecial)h(param-)1110
+2845 y(eters)32 b(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')f(or)h(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(',)g(or)f(arra)m
+(y)h(v)-5 b(ariables)32 b(subscripted)e(with)h(`)p Ft(@)p
+Fu(')g(or)h(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(',)f(as)h(an)1110 2954 y(error)24
+b(when)g(p)s(erforming)g(parameter)h(expansion.)39 b(An)24
+b(error)h(message)h(will)1110 3064 y(b)s(e)37 b(written)h(to)h(the)f
+(standard)f(error,)i(and)f(a)g(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)d(will)
+1110 3173 y(exit.)630 3334 y Ft(-v)384 b Fu(Prin)m(t)30
+b(shell)h(input)e(lines)i(as)g(they)f(are)h(read.)630
+3494 y Ft(-x)384 b Fu(Prin)m(t)21 b(a)h(trace)h(of)f(simple)f
+(commands,)i Ft(for)e Fu(commands,)i Ft(case)d Fu(commands,)1110
+3603 y Ft(select)29 b Fu(commands,)j(and)e(arithmetic)j
+Ft(for)d Fu(commands)h(and)f(their)i(argu-)1110 3713
+y(men)m(ts)g(or)g(asso)s(ciated)h(w)m(ord)e(lists)h(to)g(standard)f
+(error)g(after)i(they)e(are)h(ex-)1110 3823 y(panded)20
+b(and)h(b)s(efore)g(they)g(are)h(executed.)39 b(The)21
+b(shell)g(prin)m(ts)g(the)h(expanded)1110 3932 y(v)-5
+b(alue)28 b(of)f(the)g Ft(PS4)g Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)28
+b(b)s(efore)f(the)g(command)g(and)g(its)g(expanded)g(ar-)1110
+4042 y(gumen)m(ts.)630 4202 y Ft(-B)384 b Fu(The)41 b(shell)g(will)g(p)
+s(erform)f(brace)h(expansion)g(\(see)h(Section)g(3.5.1)g([Brace)1110
+4312 y(Expansion],)30 b(page)h(24\).)42 b(This)30 b(option)h(is)f(on)g
+(b)m(y)h(default.)630 4472 y Ft(-C)384 b Fu(Prev)m(en)m(t)25
b(output)e(redirection)h(using)f(`)p Ft(>)p Fu(',)i(`)p
Ft(>&)p Fu(',)g(and)e(`)p Ft(<>)p Fu(')g(from)h(o)m(v)m(erwriting)1110
-2162 y(existing)31 b(\014les.)630 2326 y Ft(-E)384 b
+4581 y(existing)31 b(\014les.)630 4741 y Ft(-E)384 b
Fu(If)39 b(set,)j(an)m(y)e(trap)f(on)g Ft(ERR)g Fu(is)g(inherited)g(b)m
-(y)g(shell)h(functions,)h(command)1110 2436 y(substitutions,)35
+(y)g(shell)h(functions,)h(command)1110 4851 y(substitutions,)35
b(and)e(commands)g(executed)i(in)f(a)g(subshell)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)
-1110 2545 y(The)d Ft(ERR)f Fu(trap)i(is)f(normally)h(not)f(inherited)g
-(in)g(suc)m(h)g(cases.)630 2710 y Ft(-H)384 b Fu(Enable)38
+1110 4961 y(The)d Ft(ERR)f Fu(trap)i(is)f(normally)h(not)f(inherited)g
+(in)g(suc)m(h)g(cases.)630 5121 y Ft(-H)384 b Fu(Enable)38
b(`)p Ft(!)p Fu(')h(st)m(yle)h(history)e(substitution)g(\(see)h
-(Section)h(9.3)f([History)g(In-)1110 2819 y(teraction],)g(page)d
-(154\).)57 b(This)34 b(option)i(is)f(on)g(b)m(y)h(default)f(for)g(in)m
-(teractiv)m(e)1110 2929 y(shells.)630 3093 y Ft(-P)384
+(Section)h(9.3)f([History)g(In-)1110 5230 y(teraction],)g(page)d
+(157\).)57 b(This)34 b(option)i(is)f(on)g(b)m(y)h(default)f(for)g(in)m
+(teractiv)m(e)1110 5340 y(shells.)p eop end
+%%Page: 71 77
+TeXDict begin 71 76 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(71)630 299 y Ft(-P)384
b Fu(If)39 b(set,)j(do)d(not)g(resolv)m(e)i(sym)m(b)s(olic)e(links)g
-(when)f(p)s(erforming)g(commands)1110 3203 y(suc)m(h)29
+(when)f(p)s(erforming)g(commands)1110 408 y(suc)m(h)29
b(as)h Ft(cd)f Fu(whic)m(h)g(c)m(hange)h(the)g(curren)m(t)f(directory)
--8 b(.)42 b(The)28 b(ph)m(ysical)j(direc-)1110 3313 y(tory)j(is)g(used)
-f(instead.)52 b(By)34 b(default,)h(Bash)f(follo)m(ws)h(the)f(logical)i
-(c)m(hain)f(of)1110 3422 y(directories)j(when)d(p)s(erforming)h
+-8 b(.)42 b(The)28 b(ph)m(ysical)j(direc-)1110 518 y(tory)j(is)g(used)f
+(instead.)52 b(By)34 b(default,)h(Bash)f(follo)m(ws)h(the)f(logical)i
+(c)m(hain)f(of)1110 628 y(directories)j(when)d(p)s(erforming)h
(commands)g(whic)m(h)g(c)m(hange)i(the)f(curren)m(t)1110
-3532 y(directory)-8 b(.)1110 3669 y(F)g(or)42 b(example,)i(if)d
+737 y(directory)-8 b(.)1110 870 y(F)g(or)42 b(example,)i(if)d
Ft(/usr/sys)e Fu(is)i(a)g(sym)m(b)s(olic)g(link)g(to)h
-Ft(/usr/local/sys)1110 3778 y Fu(then:)1350 3915 y Ft($)47
-b(cd)h(/usr/sys;)d(echo)i($PWD)1350 4025 y(/usr/sys)1350
-4134 y($)g(cd)h(..;)f(pwd)1350 4244 y(/usr)1110 4381
-y Fu(If)30 b Ft(set)f(-P)h Fu(is)h(on,)f(then:)1350 4518
-y Ft($)47 b(cd)h(/usr/sys;)d(echo)i($PWD)1350 4628 y(/usr/local/sys)
-1350 4737 y($)g(cd)h(..;)f(pwd)1350 4847 y(/usr/local)630
-5011 y(-T)384 b Fu(If)34 b(set,)j(an)m(y)e(trap)g(on)g
+Ft(/usr/local/sys)1110 980 y Fu(then:)1350 1113 y Ft($)47
+b(cd)h(/usr/sys;)d(echo)i($PWD)1350 1223 y(/usr/sys)1350
+1332 y($)g(cd)h(..;)f(pwd)1350 1442 y(/usr)1110 1575
+y Fu(If)30 b Ft(set)f(-P)h Fu(is)h(on,)f(then:)1350 1708
+y Ft($)47 b(cd)h(/usr/sys;)d(echo)i($PWD)1350 1818 y(/usr/local/sys)
+1350 1927 y($)g(cd)h(..;)f(pwd)1350 2037 y(/usr/local)630
+2194 y(-T)384 b Fu(If)34 b(set,)j(an)m(y)e(trap)g(on)g
Ft(DEBUG)e Fu(and)i Ft(RETURN)e Fu(are)i(inherited)g(b)m(y)f(shell)i
-(func-)1110 5121 y(tions,)k(command)d(substitutions,)h(and)f(commands)g
-(executed)h(in)f(a)h(sub-)1110 5230 y(shell)33 b(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)49
+(func-)1110 2303 y(tions,)k(command)d(substitutions,)h(and)f(commands)g
+(executed)h(in)f(a)h(sub-)1110 2413 y(shell)33 b(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)49
b(The)32 b Ft(DEBUG)g Fu(and)g Ft(RETURN)f Fu(traps)h(are)i(normally)f
-(not)1110 5340 y(inherited)d(in)g(suc)m(h)g(cases.)p
-eop end
-%%Page: 71 77
-TeXDict begin 71 76 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(71)630 299 y Ft(--)384
-b Fu(If)44 b(no)g(argumen)m(ts)g(follo)m(w)i(this)e(option,)k(then)c
-(the)h(p)s(ositional)g(parame-)1110 408 y(ters)31 b(are)g(unset.)40
-b(Otherwise,)31 b(the)f(p)s(ositional)i(parameters)f(are)f(set)h(to)h
-(the)1110 518 y Fr(argumen)m(ts)p Fu(,)f(ev)m(en)g(if)f(some)h(of)g
-(them)f(b)s(egin)g(with)g(a)h(`)p Ft(-)p Fu('.)630 694
-y Ft(-)432 b Fu(Signal)45 b(the)g(end)f(of)h(options,)k(cause)c(all)h
-(remaining)e Fr(argumen)m(ts)49 b Fu(to)d(b)s(e)1110
-803 y(assigned)33 b(to)h(the)g(p)s(ositional)g(parameters.)49
-b(The)33 b Ft(-x)g Fu(and)f Ft(-v)h Fu(options)h(are)1110
-913 y(turned)k(o\013.)68 b(If)38 b(there)i(are)f(no)g(argumen)m(ts,)j
-(the)e(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)1110 1022 y(remain)30
-b(unc)m(hanged.)630 1198 y(Using)d(`)p Ft(+)p Fu(')h(rather)f(than)g(`)
+(not)1110 2522 y(inherited)d(in)g(suc)m(h)g(cases.)630
+2679 y Ft(--)384 b Fu(If)44 b(no)g(argumen)m(ts)g(follo)m(w)i(this)e
+(option,)k(then)c(the)h(p)s(ositional)g(parame-)1110
+2789 y(ters)31 b(are)g(unset.)40 b(Otherwise,)31 b(the)f(p)s(ositional)
+i(parameters)f(are)f(set)h(to)h(the)1110 2898 y Fr(argumen)m(ts)p
+Fu(,)f(ev)m(en)g(if)f(some)h(of)g(them)f(b)s(egin)g(with)g(a)h(`)p
+Ft(-)p Fu('.)630 3055 y Ft(-)432 b Fu(Signal)45 b(the)g(end)f(of)h
+(options,)k(cause)c(all)h(remaining)e Fr(argumen)m(ts)49
+b Fu(to)d(b)s(e)1110 3164 y(assigned)33 b(to)h(the)g(p)s(ositional)g
+(parameters.)49 b(The)33 b Ft(-x)g Fu(and)f Ft(-v)h Fu(options)h(are)
+1110 3274 y(turned)k(o\013.)68 b(If)38 b(there)i(are)f(no)g(argumen)m
+(ts,)j(the)e(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)1110 3384 y(remain)30
+b(unc)m(hanged.)630 3540 y(Using)d(`)p Ft(+)p Fu(')h(rather)f(than)g(`)
p Ft(-)p Fu(')g(causes)h(these)f(options)h(to)g(b)s(e)e(turned)g
-(o\013.)40 b(The)27 b(options)h(can)630 1307 y(also)36
+(o\013.)40 b(The)27 b(options)h(can)630 3650 y(also)36
b(b)s(e)f(used)f(up)s(on)g(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)j(of)e(the)g(shell.)56
b(The)34 b(curren)m(t)h(set)h(of)f(options)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)630
-1417 y(found)29 b(in)h Ft($-)p Fu(.)630 1560 y(The)43
+3759 y(found)29 b(in)h Ft($-)p Fu(.)630 3893 y(The)43
b(remaining)h(N)f Fr(argumen)m(ts)48 b Fu(are)c(p)s(ositional)g
-(parameters)g(and)f(are)h(assigned,)j(in)630 1669 y(order,)30
+(parameters)g(and)f(are)h(assigned,)j(in)630 4002 y(order,)30
b(to)h Ft($1)p Fu(,)f Ft($2)p Fu(,)36 b(.)22 b(.)g(.)42
b Ft($N)p Fu(.)e(The)30 b(sp)s(ecial)h(parameter)g Ft(#)f
-Fu(is)g(set)h(to)g(N.)630 1812 y(The)f(return)f(status)i(is)f(alw)m(a)m
+Fu(is)g(set)h(to)g(N.)630 4135 y(The)f(return)f(status)i(is)f(alw)m(a)m
(ys)i(zero)f(unless)f(an)g(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(option)g(is)f
-(supplied.)150 2027 y Fk(4.3.2)63 b(The)41 b(Shopt)h(Builtin)150
-2174 y Fu(This)30 b(builtin)g(allo)m(ws)h(y)m(ou)g(to)g(c)m(hange)h
+(supplied.)150 4332 y Fk(4.3.2)63 b(The)41 b(Shopt)h(Builtin)150
+4479 y Fu(This)30 b(builtin)g(allo)m(ws)h(y)m(ou)g(to)g(c)m(hange)h
(additional)f(shell)f(optional)i(b)s(eha)m(vior.)150
-2358 y Ft(shopt)870 2500 y(shopt)46 b([-pqsu])g([-o])h([)p
-Fj(optname)e Ft(...])630 2643 y Fu(T)-8 b(oggle)37 b(the)e(v)-5
+4635 y Ft(shopt)870 4768 y(shopt)46 b([-pqsu])g([-o])h([)p
+Fj(optname)e Ft(...])630 4902 y Fu(T)-8 b(oggle)37 b(the)e(v)-5
b(alues)35 b(of)g(settings)h(con)m(trolling)g(optional)g(shell)f(b)s
-(eha)m(vior.)55 b(The)34 b(settings)630 2752 y(can)24
+(eha)m(vior.)55 b(The)34 b(settings)630 5011 y(can)24
b(b)s(e)g(either)h(those)f(listed)h(b)s(elo)m(w,)h(or,)f(if)g(the)f
Ft(-o)f Fu(option)i(is)f(used,)h(those)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)26
-b(with)630 2862 y(the)k Ft(-o)f Fu(option)i(to)f(the)g
+b(with)630 5121 y(the)k Ft(-o)f Fu(option)i(to)f(the)g
Ft(set)f Fu(builtin)h(command)f(\(see)i(Section)g(4.3.1)g([The)f(Set)g
-(Builtin],)630 2972 y(page)i(67\).)45 b(With)32 b(no)f(options,)h(or)g
+(Builtin],)630 5230 y(page)i(67\).)45 b(With)32 b(no)f(options,)h(or)g
(with)f(the)g Ft(-p)g Fu(option,)h(a)g(list)g(of)f(all)i(settable)g
-(options)630 3081 y(is)g(displa)m(y)m(ed,)i(with)e(an)g(indication)h
+(options)630 5340 y(is)g(displa)m(y)m(ed,)i(with)e(an)g(indication)h
(of)f(whether)g(or)g(not)g(eac)m(h)h(is)g(set;)h(if)e
-Fr(optname)5 b Fu(s)34 b(are)630 3191 y(supplied,)25
+Fr(optname)5 b Fu(s)34 b(are)p eop end
+%%Page: 72 78
+TeXDict begin 72 77 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(72)630 299 y(supplied,)25
b(the)g(output)g(is)g(restricted)g(to)h(those)g(options.)39
-b(The)24 b Ft(-p)h Fu(option)g(causes)g(output)630 3300
+b(The)24 b Ft(-p)h Fu(option)g(causes)g(output)630 408
y(to)30 b(b)s(e)f(displa)m(y)m(ed)g(in)g(a)h(form)f(that)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s
(e)f(reused)f(as)i(input.)39 b(Other)29 b(options)g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)
-630 3410 y(follo)m(wing)h(meanings:)630 3586 y Ft(-s)384
+630 518 y(follo)m(wing)h(meanings:)630 671 y Ft(-s)384
b Fu(Enable)30 b(\(set\))i(eac)m(h)f Fr(optname)p Fu(.)630
-3761 y Ft(-u)384 b Fu(Disable)31 b(\(unset\))g(eac)m(h)h
-Fr(optname)p Fu(.)630 3937 y Ft(-q)384 b Fu(Suppresses)28
+825 y Ft(-u)384 b Fu(Disable)31 b(\(unset\))g(eac)m(h)h
+Fr(optname)p Fu(.)630 978 y Ft(-q)384 b Fu(Suppresses)28
b(normal)h(output;)h(the)g(return)e(status)i(indicates)h(whether)e(the)
-1110 4046 y Fr(optname)37 b Fu(is)31 b(set)h(or)f(unset.)43
+1110 1088 y Fr(optname)37 b Fu(is)31 b(set)h(or)f(unset.)43
b(If)31 b(m)m(ultiple)h Fr(optname)37 b Fu(argumen)m(ts)31
-b(are)h(giv)m(en)1110 4156 y(with)d Ft(-q)p Fu(,)f(the)i(return)d
+b(are)h(giv)m(en)1110 1198 y(with)d Ft(-q)p Fu(,)f(the)i(return)d
(status)j(is)f(zero)g(if)g(all)h Fr(optname)5 b Fu(s)29
-b(are)h(enabled;)f(non-)1110 4265 y(zero)i(otherwise.)630
-4441 y Ft(-o)384 b Fu(Restricts)22 b(the)f(v)-5 b(alues)22
+b(are)h(enabled;)f(non-)1110 1307 y(zero)i(otherwise.)630
+1461 y Ft(-o)384 b Fu(Restricts)22 b(the)f(v)-5 b(alues)22
b(of)f Fr(optname)27 b Fu(to)22 b(b)s(e)e(those)i(de\014ned)e(for)h
-(the)g Ft(-o)f Fu(option)1110 4551 y(to)31 b(the)g Ft(set)e
+(the)g Ft(-o)f Fu(option)1110 1570 y(to)31 b(the)g Ft(set)e
Fu(builtin)h(\(see)h(Section)h(4.3.1)g([The)e(Set)g(Builtin],)i(page)f
-(67\).)630 4726 y(If)e(either)i Ft(-s)e Fu(or)h Ft(-u)f
+(67\).)630 1724 y(If)e(either)i Ft(-s)e Fu(or)h Ft(-u)f
Fu(is)h(used)f(with)g(no)h Fr(optname)35 b Fu(argumen)m(ts,)c
-Ft(shopt)d Fu(sho)m(ws)h(only)h(those)630 4836 y(options)h(whic)m(h)f
+Ft(shopt)d Fu(sho)m(ws)h(only)h(those)630 1833 y(options)h(whic)m(h)f
(are)h(set)f(or)h(unset,)f(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)630
-4978 y(Unless)30 b(otherwise)h(noted,)g(the)g Ft(shopt)d
+1965 y(Unless)30 b(otherwise)h(noted,)g(the)g Ft(shopt)d
Fu(options)j(are)g(disabled)f(\(o\013)7 b(\))32 b(b)m(y)e(default.)630
-5121 y(The)d(return)f(status)i(when)e(listing)j(options)e(is)h(zero)g
+2096 y(The)d(return)f(status)i(when)e(listing)j(options)e(is)h(zero)g
(if)f(all)i Fr(optname)5 b Fu(s)27 b(are)h(enabled,)g(non-)630
-5230 y(zero)40 b(otherwise.)66 b(When)39 b(setting)h(or)f(unsetting)g
-(options,)i(the)e(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero)630 5340
+2206 y(zero)40 b(otherwise.)66 b(When)39 b(setting)h(or)f(unsetting)g
+(options,)i(the)e(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero)630 2315
y(unless)30 b(an)g Fr(optname)36 b Fu(is)30 b(not)h(a)g(v)-5
-b(alid)30 b(shell)h(option.)p eop end
-%%Page: 72 78
-TeXDict begin 72 77 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(72)630 299 y(The)30
-b(list)h(of)f Ft(shopt)f Fu(options)i(is:)630 545 y Ft
-(assoc_expand_once)1110 655 y Fu(If)h(set,)i(the)e(shell)h(suppresses)e
-(m)m(ultiple)i(ev)-5 b(aluation)34 b(of)e(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)j(arra)m(y)
-1110 765 y(subscripts)24 b(during)h(arithmetic)h(expression)g(ev)-5
-b(aluation,)28 b(while)e(executing)1110 874 y(builtins)c(that)i(can)f
+b(alid)30 b(shell)h(option.)630 2447 y(The)f(list)h(of)f
+Ft(shopt)f Fu(options)i(is:)630 2600 y Ft(assoc_expand_once)1110
+2710 y Fu(If)h(set,)i(the)e(shell)h(suppresses)e(m)m(ultiple)i(ev)-5
+b(aluation)34 b(of)e(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)j(arra)m(y)1110
+2819 y(subscripts)24 b(during)h(arithmetic)h(expression)g(ev)-5
+b(aluation,)28 b(while)e(executing)1110 2929 y(builtins)c(that)i(can)f
(p)s(erform)f(v)-5 b(ariable)24 b(assignmen)m(ts,)h(and)e(while)g
-(executing)1110 984 y(builtins)30 b(that)h(p)s(erform)e(arra)m(y)i
-(dereferencing.)630 1230 y Ft(autocd)192 b Fu(If)27 b(set,)h(a)g
+(executing)1110 3039 y(builtins)30 b(that)h(p)s(erform)e(arra)m(y)i
+(dereferencing.)630 3192 y Ft(autocd)192 b Fu(If)27 b(set,)h(a)g
(command)f(name)g(that)h(is)f(the)g(name)g(of)h(a)f(directory)h(is)f
-(executed)1110 1340 y(as)j(if)f(it)h(w)m(ere)f(the)h(argumen)m(t)g(to)g
+(executed)1110 3302 y(as)j(if)f(it)h(w)m(ere)f(the)h(argumen)m(t)g(to)g
(the)f Ft(cd)g Fu(command.)40 b(This)29 b(option)g(is)h(only)1110
-1450 y(used)g(b)m(y)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)630
-1696 y Ft(cdable_vars)1110 1806 y Fu(If)h(this)h(is)g(set,)i(an)e
+3411 y(used)g(b)m(y)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)630
+3565 y Ft(cdable_vars)1110 3674 y Fu(If)h(this)h(is)g(set,)i(an)e
(argumen)m(t)g(to)h(the)f Ft(cd)f Fu(builtin)h(command)f(that)i(is)f
-(not)1110 1915 y(a)c(directory)g(is)g(assumed)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(the)h
+(not)1110 3784 y(a)c(directory)g(is)g(assumed)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(the)h
(name)f(of)h(a)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(whose)g(v)-5 b(alue)31
-b(is)1110 2025 y(the)g(directory)f(to)i(c)m(hange)f(to.)630
-2271 y Ft(cdspell)144 b Fu(If)27 b(set,)h(minor)f(errors)f(in)h(the)g
+b(is)1110 3893 y(the)g(directory)f(to)i(c)m(hange)f(to.)630
+4047 y Ft(cdspell)144 b Fu(If)27 b(set,)h(minor)f(errors)f(in)h(the)g
(sp)s(elling)h(of)f(a)g(directory)h(comp)s(onen)m(t)f(in)g(a)h
-Ft(cd)1110 2381 y Fu(command)i(will)h(b)s(e)f(corrected.)43
+Ft(cd)1110 4156 y Fu(command)i(will)h(b)s(e)f(corrected.)43
b(The)30 b(errors)g(c)m(hec)m(k)m(ed)j(for)d(are)h(transp)s(osed)1110
-2491 y(c)m(haracters,)46 b(a)c(missing)f(c)m(haracter,)47
+4266 y(c)m(haracters,)46 b(a)c(missing)f(c)m(haracter,)47
b(and)40 b(a)i(c)m(haracter)h(to)s(o)g(man)m(y)-8 b(.)74
-b(If)42 b(a)1110 2600 y(correction)25 b(is)e(found,)g(the)h(corrected)g
-(path)f(is)g(prin)m(ted,)h(and)f(the)g(command)1110 2710
+b(If)42 b(a)1110 4376 y(correction)25 b(is)e(found,)g(the)h(corrected)g
+(path)f(is)g(prin)m(ted,)h(and)f(the)g(command)1110 4485
y(pro)s(ceeds.)40 b(This)30 b(option)h(is)f(only)h(used)e(b)m(y)h(in)m
-(teractiv)m(e)k(shells.)630 2956 y Ft(checkhash)1110
-3066 y Fu(If)29 b(this)h(is)g(set,)g(Bash)g(c)m(hec)m(ks)h(that)g(a)f
-(command)f(found)g(in)g(the)h(hash)f(table)1110 3176
+(teractiv)m(e)k(shells.)630 4639 y Ft(checkhash)1110
+4748 y Fu(If)29 b(this)h(is)g(set,)g(Bash)g(c)m(hec)m(ks)h(that)g(a)f
+(command)f(found)g(in)g(the)h(hash)f(table)1110 4858
y(exists)k(b)s(efore)f(trying)h(to)h(execute)g(it.)48
-b(If)32 b(a)h(hashed)e(command)i(no)f(longer)1110 3285
+b(If)32 b(a)h(hashed)e(command)i(no)f(longer)1110 4967
y(exists,)f(a)g(normal)f(path)g(searc)m(h)h(is)g(p)s(erformed.)630
-3532 y Ft(checkjobs)1110 3641 y Fu(If)d(set,)i(Bash)e(lists)h(the)g
+5121 y Ft(checkjobs)1110 5230 y Fu(If)d(set,)i(Bash)e(lists)h(the)g
(status)g(of)f(an)m(y)h(stopp)s(ed)f(and)g(running)e(jobs)i(b)s(efore)
-1110 3751 y(exiting)42 b(an)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell.)72
-b(If)41 b(an)m(y)g(jobs)f(are)i(running,)g(this)f(causes)1110
-3861 y(the)30 b(exit)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(deferred)g(un)m(til)h(a)f(second)h
-(exit)g(is)g(attempted)h(without)e(an)1110 3970 y(in)m(terv)m(ening)d
-(command)f(\(see)h(Chapter)e(7)h([Job)g(Con)m(trol],)i(page)f(113\).)40
-b(The)1110 4080 y(shell)31 b(alw)m(a)m(ys)g(p)s(ostp)s(ones)f(exiting)h
-(if)g(an)m(y)f(jobs)g(are)h(stopp)s(ed.)630 4326 y Ft(checkwinsize)1110
-4436 y Fu(If)23 b(set,)j(Bash)e(c)m(hec)m(ks)h(the)f(windo)m(w)f(size)h
-(after)h(eac)m(h)f(external)h(\(non-builtin\))1110 4545
+1110 5340 y(exiting)42 b(an)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell.)72
+b(If)41 b(an)m(y)g(jobs)f(are)i(running,)g(this)f(causes)p
+eop end
+%%Page: 73 79
+TeXDict begin 73 78 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(73)1110 299 y(the)30
+b(exit)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(deferred)g(un)m(til)h(a)f(second)h(exit)g(is)g
+(attempted)h(without)e(an)1110 408 y(in)m(terv)m(ening)d(command)f
+(\(see)h(Chapter)e(7)h([Job)g(Con)m(trol],)i(page)f(116\).)40
+b(The)1110 518 y(shell)31 b(alw)m(a)m(ys)g(p)s(ostp)s(ones)f(exiting)h
+(if)g(an)m(y)f(jobs)g(are)h(stopp)s(ed.)630 690 y Ft(checkwinsize)1110
+800 y Fu(If)23 b(set,)j(Bash)e(c)m(hec)m(ks)h(the)f(windo)m(w)f(size)h
+(after)h(eac)m(h)f(external)h(\(non-builtin\))1110 909
y(command)55 b(and,)60 b(if)55 b(necessary)-8 b(,)62
b(up)s(dates)54 b(the)h(v)-5 b(alues)55 b(of)g Ft(LINES)f
-Fu(and)1110 4655 y Ft(COLUMNS)p Fu(.)39 b(This)29 b(option)i(is)g
-(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)630 4902 y Ft(cmdhist)144
+Fu(and)1110 1019 y Ft(COLUMNS)p Fu(.)39 b(This)29 b(option)i(is)g
+(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)630 1191 y Ft(cmdhist)144
b Fu(If)33 b(set,)j(Bash)e(attempts)h(to)g(sa)m(v)m(e)g(all)g(lines)f
-(of)g(a)h(m)m(ultiple-line)g(command)1110 5011 y(in)c(the)g(same)g
+(of)g(a)h(m)m(ultiple-line)g(command)1110 1301 y(in)c(the)g(same)g
(history)g(en)m(try)-8 b(.)42 b(This)30 b(allo)m(ws)i(easy)g
-(re-editing)g(of)f(m)m(ulti-line)1110 5121 y(commands.)79
+(re-editing)g(of)f(m)m(ulti-line)1110 1410 y(commands.)79
b(This)43 b(option)g(is)h(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default,)k(but)c(only)g
-(has)g(an)1110 5230 y(e\013ect)30 b(if)e(command)g(history)g(is)h
+(has)g(an)1110 1520 y(e\013ect)30 b(if)e(command)g(history)g(is)h
(enabled)f(\(see)h(Section)g(9.1)h([Bash)e(History)1110
-5340 y(F)-8 b(acilities],)34 b(page)d(152\).)p eop end
-%%Page: 73 79
-TeXDict begin 73 78 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(73)630 299 y Ft(compat31)630
-408 y(compat32)630 518 y(compat40)630 628 y(compat41)630
-737 y(compat42)630 847 y(compat43)630 956 y(compat44)96
-b Fu(These)39 b(con)m(trol)i(asp)s(ects)f(of)f(the)h(shell's)g
-(compatibilit)m(y)h(mo)s(de)e(\(see)h(Sec-)1110 1066
-y(tion)31 b(6.12)h([Shell)e(Compatibilit)m(y)i(Mo)s(de],)f(page)g
-(110\).)630 1219 y Ft(complete_fullquote)1110 1329 y
+1630 y(F)-8 b(acilities],)34 b(page)d(155\).)630 1802
+y Ft(compat31)630 1911 y(compat32)630 2021 y(compat40)630
+2131 y(compat41)630 2240 y(compat42)630 2350 y(compat43)630
+2459 y(compat44)96 b Fu(These)39 b(con)m(trol)i(asp)s(ects)f(of)f(the)h
+(shell's)g(compatibilit)m(y)h(mo)s(de)e(\(see)h(Sec-)1110
+2569 y(tion)31 b(6.12)h([Shell)e(Compatibilit)m(y)i(Mo)s(de],)f(page)g
+(112\).)630 2741 y Ft(complete_fullquote)1110 2851 y
Fu(If)g(set,)g(Bash)h(quotes)f(all)h(shell)f(metac)m(haracters)i(in)e
-(\014lenames)g(and)g(direc-)1110 1439 y(tory)g(names)f(when)g(p)s
+(\014lenames)g(and)g(direc-)1110 2960 y(tory)g(names)f(when)g(p)s
(erforming)f(completion.)43 b(If)30 b(not)h(set,)g(Bash)g(remo)m(v)m
-(es)1110 1548 y(metac)m(haracters)40 b(suc)m(h)d(as)h(the)g(dollar)g
-(sign)g(from)f(the)h(set)g(of)f(c)m(haracters)1110 1658
+(es)1110 3070 y(metac)m(haracters)40 b(suc)m(h)d(as)h(the)g(dollar)g
+(sign)g(from)f(the)h(set)g(of)f(c)m(haracters)1110 3180
y(that)f(will)g(b)s(e)f(quoted)g(in)g(completed)i(\014lenames)e(when)f
-(these)i(metac)m(har-)1110 1767 y(acters)29 b(app)s(ear)e(in)g(shell)h
+(these)i(metac)m(har-)1110 3289 y(acters)29 b(app)s(ear)e(in)g(shell)h
(v)-5 b(ariable)28 b(references)g(in)f(w)m(ords)g(to)i(b)s(e)e
-(completed.)1110 1877 y(This)k(means)i(that)g(dollar)f(signs)g(in)g(v)
+(completed.)1110 3399 y(This)k(means)i(that)g(dollar)f(signs)g(in)g(v)
-5 b(ariable)33 b(names)g(that)f(expand)g(to)h(di-)1110
-1987 y(rectories)28 b(will)g(not)f(b)s(e)f(quoted;)j(ho)m(w)m(ev)m(er,)
-g(an)m(y)e(dollar)h(signs)f(app)s(earing)f(in)1110 2096
-y(\014lenames)j(will)h(not)f(b)s(e)g(quoted,)h(either.)41
-b(This)28 b(is)i(activ)m(e)h(only)e(when)g(bash)1110
-2206 y(is)39 b(using)f(bac)m(kslashes)i(to)g(quote)g(completed)f
-(\014lenames.)67 b(This)38 b(v)-5 b(ariable)1110 2315
+3508 y(rectories)28 b(will)g(not)f(b)s(e)f(quoted;)j(ho)m(w)m(ev)m(er,)
+g(an)m(y)e(dollar)h(signs)f(app)s(earing)f(in)1110 3618
+y(\014lenames)i(will)g(not)g(b)s(e)g(quoted,)g(either.)41
+b(This)27 b(is)h(activ)m(e)i(only)e(when)f(Bash)1110
+3727 y(is)39 b(using)f(bac)m(kslashes)i(to)g(quote)g(completed)f
+(\014lenames.)67 b(This)38 b(v)-5 b(ariable)1110 3837
y(is)41 b(set)g(b)m(y)g(default,)j(whic)m(h)c(is)h(the)g(default)g
-(Bash)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(in)g(v)m(ersions)1110 2425 y(through)30
-b(4.2.)630 2578 y Ft(direxpand)1110 2688 y Fu(If)k(set,)i(Bash)f
+(Bash)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(in)g(v)m(ersions)1110 3947 y(through)30
+b(4.2.)630 4119 y Ft(direxpand)1110 4228 y Fu(If)k(set,)i(Bash)f
(replaces)g(directory)g(names)g(with)f(the)g(results)h(of)f(w)m(ord)g
-(ex-)1110 2798 y(pansion)k(when)g(p)s(erforming)f(\014lename)i
-(completion.)67 b(This)38 b(c)m(hanges)i(the)1110 2907
+(ex-)1110 4338 y(pansion)k(when)g(p)s(erforming)f(\014lename)i
+(completion.)67 b(This)38 b(c)m(hanges)i(the)1110 4448
y(con)m(ten)m(ts)c(of)e(the)h(Readline)f(editing)h(bu\013er.)52
-b(If)33 b(not)i(set,)h(Bash)e(attempts)1110 3017 y(to)d(preserv)m(e)g
-(what)f(the)g(user)g(t)m(yp)s(ed.)630 3170 y Ft(dirspell)96
+b(If)33 b(not)i(set,)h(Bash)e(attempts)1110 4557 y(to)d(preserv)m(e)g
+(what)f(the)g(user)g(t)m(yp)s(ed.)630 4729 y Ft(dirspell)96
b Fu(If)26 b(set,)i(Bash)f(attempts)g(sp)s(elling)g(correction)g(on)g
-(directory)g(names)f(during)1110 3280 y(w)m(ord)36 b(completion)h(if)f
+(directory)g(names)f(during)1110 4839 y(w)m(ord)36 b(completion)h(if)f
(the)g(directory)g(name)g(initially)h(supplied)e(do)s(es)h(not)1110
-3389 y(exist.)630 3543 y Ft(dotglob)144 b Fu(If)36 b(set,)i(Bash)e
+4949 y(exist.)630 5121 y Ft(dotglob)144 b Fu(If)36 b(set,)i(Bash)e
(includes)g(\014lenames)g(b)s(eginning)f(with)h(a)g(`.')58
-b(in)36 b(the)g(results)1110 3652 y(of)f(\014lename)f(expansion.)53
+b(in)36 b(the)g(results)1110 5230 y(of)f(\014lename)f(expansion.)53
b(The)33 b(\014lenames)i(`)p Ft(.)p Fu(')f(and)g(`)p
-Ft(..)p Fu(')g(m)m(ust)h(alw)m(a)m(ys)h(b)s(e)1110 3762
+Ft(..)p Fu(')g(m)m(ust)h(alw)m(a)m(ys)h(b)s(e)1110 5340
y(matc)m(hed)31 b(explicitly)-8 b(,)33 b(ev)m(en)e(if)f
-Ft(dotglob)f Fu(is)h(set.)630 3915 y Ft(execfail)96 b
-Fu(If)24 b(this)h(is)f(set,)j(a)e(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)e(will)
-f(not)h(exit)h(if)e(it)h(cannot)h(execute)1110 4025 y(the)i(\014le)g
-(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(as)g(an)g(argumen)m(t)g(to)h(the)f
-Ft(exec)f Fu(builtin)h(command.)39 b(An)1110 4134 y(in)m(teractiv)m(e)
+Ft(dotglob)f Fu(is)h(set.)p eop end
+%%Page: 74 80
+TeXDict begin 74 79 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(74)630 299 y Ft(execfail)96
+b Fu(If)24 b(this)h(is)f(set,)j(a)e(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)e
+(will)f(not)h(exit)h(if)e(it)h(cannot)h(execute)1110
+408 y(the)i(\014le)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(as)g(an)g(argumen)m(t)g(to)h(the)
+f Ft(exec)f Fu(builtin)h(command.)39 b(An)1110 518 y(in)m(teractiv)m(e)
33 b(shell)e(do)s(es)f(not)g(exit)i(if)e Ft(exec)f Fu(fails.)630
-4288 y Ft(expand_aliases)1110 4398 y Fu(If)j(set,)h(aliases)g(are)g
+689 y Ft(expand_aliases)1110 798 y Fu(If)j(set,)h(aliases)g(are)g
(expanded)e(as)h(describ)s(ed)f(b)s(elo)m(w)h(under)f(Aliases,)i(Sec-)
-1110 4507 y(tion)i(6.6)h([Aliases],)h(page)e(100.)55
-b(This)33 b(option)i(is)g(enabled)f(b)m(y)h(default)f(for)1110
-4617 y(in)m(teractiv)m(e)f(shells.)630 4770 y Ft(extdebug)96
+1110 908 y(tion)i(6.6)h([Aliases],)h(page)e(101.)55 b(This)33
+b(option)i(is)g(enabled)f(b)m(y)h(default)f(for)1110
+1017 y(in)m(teractiv)m(e)f(shells.)630 1188 y Ft(extdebug)96
b Fu(If)35 b(set)i(at)f(shell)g(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation,)k(or)c(in)f(a)h
(shell)h(startup)e(\014le,)i(arrange)g(to)f(ex-)1110
-4880 y(ecute)h(the)f(debugger)g(pro\014le)g(b)s(efore)g(the)g(shell)h
-(starts,)h(iden)m(tical)g(to)f(the)1110 4989 y Ft(--debugger)32
+1297 y(ecute)h(the)f(debugger)g(pro\014le)g(b)s(efore)g(the)g(shell)h
+(starts,)h(iden)m(tical)g(to)f(the)1110 1407 y Ft(--debugger)32
b Fu(option.)56 b(If)35 b(set)h(after)g(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation,)j(b)s(eha)
-m(vior)c(in)m(tended)g(for)1110 5099 y(use)30 b(b)m(y)g(debuggers)g(is)
-h(enabled:)1159 5230 y(1.)61 b(The)37 b Ft(-F)g Fu(option)h(to)g(the)g
+m(vior)c(in)m(tended)g(for)1110 1517 y(use)30 b(b)m(y)g(debuggers)g(is)
+h(enabled:)1159 1657 y(1.)61 b(The)37 b Ft(-F)g Fu(option)h(to)g(the)g
Ft(declare)d Fu(builtin)i(\(see)i(Section)f(4.2)h([Bash)1290
-5340 y(Builtins],)29 b(page)g(55\))g(displa)m(ys)f(the)g(source)h
-(\014le)f(name)g(and)f(line)h(n)m(um-)p eop end
-%%Page: 74 80
-TeXDict begin 74 79 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(74)1290 299 y(b)s(er)29
-b(corresp)s(onding)g(to)i(eac)m(h)g(function)f(name)g(supplied)f(as)i
-(an)f(argu-)1290 408 y(men)m(t.)1159 547 y(2.)61 b(If)20
-b(the)h(command)g(run)e(b)m(y)i(the)f Ft(DEBUG)g Fu(trap)g(returns)g(a)
-h(non-zero)g(v)-5 b(alue,)1290 656 y(the)31 b(next)f(command)g(is)h
-(skipp)s(ed)e(and)g(not)i(executed.)1159 795 y(3.)61
-b(If)37 b(the)g(command)g(run)f(b)m(y)i(the)f Ft(DEBUG)f
-Fu(trap)h(returns)f(a)i(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(of)f(2,)1290
-905 y(and)c(the)g(shell)h(is)f(executing)i(in)e(a)h(subroutine)e(\(a)i
-(shell)g(function)f(or)1290 1014 y(a)h(shell)g(script)f(executed)h(b)m
-(y)g(the)f Ft(.)h Fu(or)f Ft(source)f Fu(builtins\),)i(the)g(shell)1290
-1124 y(sim)m(ulates)d(a)g(call)h(to)f Ft(return)p Fu(.)1159
-1262 y(4.)61 b Ft(BASH_ARGC)34 b Fu(and)i Ft(BASH_ARGV)e
-Fu(are)j(up)s(dated)e(as)h(describ)s(ed)g(in)g(their)1290
-1372 y(descriptions)30 b(\(see)i(Section)f(5.2)g([Bash)g(V)-8
-b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(78\).)1159 1510 y(5.)61 b(F)-8
-b(unction)57 b(tracing)g(is)g(enabled:)93 b(command)56
-b(substitution,)63 b(shell)1290 1620 y(functions,)32
+1766 y(Builtins],)29 b(page)g(56\))g(displa)m(ys)f(the)g(source)h
+(\014le)f(name)g(and)f(line)h(n)m(um-)1290 1876 y(b)s(er)h(corresp)s
+(onding)g(to)i(eac)m(h)g(function)f(name)g(supplied)f(as)i(an)f(argu-)
+1290 1985 y(men)m(t.)1159 2125 y(2.)61 b(If)20 b(the)h(command)g(run)e
+(b)m(y)i(the)f Ft(DEBUG)g Fu(trap)g(returns)g(a)h(non-zero)g(v)-5
+b(alue,)1290 2235 y(the)31 b(next)f(command)g(is)h(skipp)s(ed)e(and)g
+(not)i(executed.)1159 2375 y(3.)61 b(If)37 b(the)g(command)g(run)f(b)m
+(y)i(the)f Ft(DEBUG)f Fu(trap)h(returns)f(a)i(v)-5 b(alue)38
+b(of)f(2,)1290 2485 y(and)c(the)g(shell)h(is)f(executing)i(in)e(a)h
+(subroutine)e(\(a)i(shell)g(function)f(or)1290 2594 y(a)h(shell)g
+(script)f(executed)h(b)m(y)g(the)f Ft(.)h Fu(or)f Ft(source)f
+Fu(builtins\),)i(the)g(shell)1290 2704 y(sim)m(ulates)d(a)g(call)h(to)f
+Ft(return)p Fu(.)1159 2844 y(4.)61 b Ft(BASH_ARGC)34
+b Fu(and)i Ft(BASH_ARGV)e Fu(are)j(up)s(dated)e(as)h(describ)s(ed)g(in)
+g(their)1290 2953 y(descriptions)30 b(\(see)i(Section)f(5.2)g([Bash)g
+(V)-8 b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(79\).)1159 3093 y(5.)61
+b(F)-8 b(unction)57 b(tracing)g(is)g(enabled:)93 b(command)56
+b(substitution,)63 b(shell)1290 3203 y(functions,)32
b(and)e(subshells)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(with)e Ft(\()f
-Fj(command)e Ft(\))j Fu(inherit)h(the)1290 1729 y Ft(DEBUG)d
-Fu(and)h Ft(RETURN)e Fu(traps.)1159 1868 y(6.)61 b(Error)41
+Fj(command)e Ft(\))j Fu(inherit)h(the)1290 3313 y Ft(DEBUG)d
+Fu(and)h Ft(RETURN)e Fu(traps.)1159 3453 y(6.)61 b(Error)41
b(tracing)i(is)f(enabled:)63 b(command)42 b(substitution,)i(shell)f
-(func-)1290 1977 y(tions,)32 b(and)e(subshells)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i
+(func-)1290 3562 y(tions,)32 b(and)e(subshells)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i
(with)e Ft(\()g Fj(command)f Ft(\))h Fu(inherit)h(the)g
-Ft(ERR)1290 2087 y Fu(trap.)630 2254 y Ft(extglob)144
+Ft(ERR)1290 3672 y Fu(trap.)630 3842 y Ft(extglob)144
b Fu(If)26 b(set,)i(the)f(extended)f(pattern)h(matc)m(hing)g(features)g
-(describ)s(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(\(see)1110 2364 y(Section)j(3.5.8.1)i
+(describ)s(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(\(see)1110 3952 y(Section)j(3.5.8.1)i
([P)m(attern)f(Matc)m(hing],)g(page)f(36\))h(are)f(enabled.)630
-2531 y Ft(extquote)96 b Fu(If)51 b(set,)58 b Ft($')p
+4122 y Ft(extquote)96 b Fu(If)51 b(set,)58 b Ft($')p
Fj(string)p Ft(')49 b Fu(and)i Ft($")p Fj(string)p Ft(")e
-Fu(quoting)k(is)e(p)s(erformed)f(within)1110 2641 y Ft(${)p
+Fu(quoting)k(is)e(p)s(erformed)f(within)1110 4232 y Ft(${)p
Fj(parameter)p Ft(})31 b Fu(expansions)k(enclosed)g(in)g(double)f
-(quotes.)55 b(This)33 b(option)1110 2750 y(is)d(enabled)h(b)m(y)f
-(default.)630 2917 y Ft(failglob)96 b Fu(If)36 b(set,)j(patterns)d
+(quotes.)55 b(This)33 b(option)1110 4341 y(is)d(enabled)h(b)m(y)f
+(default.)630 4512 y Ft(failglob)96 b Fu(If)36 b(set,)j(patterns)d
(whic)m(h)g(fail)h(to)h(matc)m(h)f(\014lenames)f(during)g(\014lename)g
-(ex-)1110 3027 y(pansion)30 b(result)g(in)g(an)g(expansion)h(error.)630
-3194 y Ft(force_fignore)1110 3304 y Fu(If)43 b(set,)k(the)d(su\016xes)f
+(ex-)1110 4622 y(pansion)30 b(result)g(in)g(an)g(expansion)h(error.)630
+4792 y Ft(force_fignore)1110 4902 y Fu(If)43 b(set,)k(the)d(su\016xes)f
(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)i(the)f Ft(FIGNORE)f Fu(shell)h(v)-5
-b(ariable)44 b(cause)1110 3414 y(w)m(ords)31 b(to)h(b)s(e)f(ignored)h
+b(ariable)44 b(cause)1110 5011 y(w)m(ords)31 b(to)h(b)s(e)f(ignored)h
(when)f(p)s(erforming)f(w)m(ord)h(completion)i(ev)m(en)f(if)g(the)1110
-3523 y(ignored)37 b(w)m(ords)g(are)g(the)h(only)f(p)s(ossible)g
-(completions.)62 b(See)37 b(Section)h(5.2)1110 3633 y([Bash)24
-b(V)-8 b(ariables],)27 b(page)e(78,)h(for)d(a)h(description)g(of)g
-Ft(FIGNORE)p Fu(.)37 b(This)22 b(option)1110 3742 y(is)30
-b(enabled)h(b)m(y)f(default.)630 3910 y Ft(globasciiranges)1110
-4019 y Fu(If)j(set,)h(range)f(expressions)g(used)f(in)h(pattern)g(matc)
-m(hing)h(brac)m(k)m(et)h(expres-)1110 4129 y(sions)28
+5121 y(ignored)37 b(w)m(ords)g(are)g(the)h(only)f(p)s(ossible)g
+(completions.)62 b(See)37 b(Section)h(5.2)1110 5230 y([Bash)24
+b(V)-8 b(ariables],)27 b(page)e(79,)h(for)d(a)h(description)g(of)g
+Ft(FIGNORE)p Fu(.)37 b(This)22 b(option)1110 5340 y(is)30
+b(enabled)h(b)m(y)f(default.)p eop end
+%%Page: 75 81
+TeXDict begin 75 80 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(75)630 299 y Ft(globasciiranges)
+1110 408 y Fu(If)33 b(set,)h(range)f(expressions)g(used)f(in)h(pattern)
+g(matc)m(hing)h(brac)m(k)m(et)h(expres-)1110 518 y(sions)28
b(\(see)h(Section)h(3.5.8.1)g([P)m(attern)g(Matc)m(hing],)h(page)e
-(36\))g(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)g(as)g(if)1110 4238 y(in)i(the)g(traditional)i
+(36\))g(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)g(as)g(if)1110 628 y(in)i(the)g(traditional)i
(C)d(lo)s(cale)j(when)d(p)s(erforming)g(comparisons.)44
-b(That)31 b(is,)1110 4348 y(the)d(curren)m(t)g(lo)s(cale's)i(collating)
-h(sequence)d(is)h(not)f(tak)m(en)h(in)m(to)g(accoun)m(t,)i(so)1110
-4457 y(`)p Ft(b)p Fu(')j(will)g(not)g(collate)i(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)e(`)p
+b(That)31 b(is,)1110 737 y(the)d(curren)m(t)g(lo)s(cale's)i(collating)h
+(sequence)d(is)h(not)f(tak)m(en)h(in)m(to)g(accoun)m(t,)i(so)1110
+847 y(`)p Ft(b)p Fu(')j(will)g(not)g(collate)i(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)e(`)p
Ft(A)p Fu(')g(and)f(`)p Ft(B)p Fu(',)h(and)f(upp)s(er-case)g(and)g(lo)m
-(w)m(er-)1110 4567 y(case)e(ASCI)s(I)e(c)m(haracters)j(will)f(collate)i
-(together.)630 4734 y Ft(globskipdots)1110 4844 y Fu(If)38
+(w)m(er-)1110 956 y(case)e(ASCI)s(I)e(c)m(haracters)j(will)f(collate)i
+(together.)630 1127 y Ft(globskipdots)1110 1236 y Fu(If)38
b(set,)k(\014lename)d(expansion)f(will)h(nev)m(er)g(matc)m(h)h(the)f
-(\014lenames)g(`)p Ft(.)p Fu(')g(and)1110 4954 y(`)p
+(\014lenames)g(`)p Ft(.)p Fu(')g(and)1110 1346 y(`)p
Ft(..)p Fu(',)c(ev)m(en)g(if)g(the)f(pattern)g(b)s(egins)g(with)g(a)h
(`)p Ft(.)p Fu('.)52 b(This)34 b(option)h(is)f(enabled)1110
-5063 y(b)m(y)c(default.)630 5230 y Ft(globstar)96 b Fu(If)38
+1456 y(b)m(y)c(default.)630 1626 y Ft(globstar)96 b Fu(If)38
b(set,)j(the)e(pattern)f(`)p Ft(**)p Fu(')h(used)e(in)i(a)f(\014lename)
-h(expansion)f(con)m(text)j(will)1110 5340 y(matc)m(h)36
+h(expansion)f(con)m(text)j(will)1110 1736 y(matc)m(h)36
b(all)g(\014les)f(and)f(zero)i(or)f(more)g(directories)h(and)e(sub)s
-(directories.)54 b(If)p eop end
-%%Page: 75 81
-TeXDict begin 75 80 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(75)1110 299 y(the)30
-b(pattern)g(is)g(follo)m(w)m(ed)i(b)m(y)d(a)i(`)p Ft(/)p
-Fu(',)f(only)g(directories)h(and)f(sub)s(directories)1110
-408 y(matc)m(h.)630 558 y Ft(gnu_errfmt)1110 667 y Fu(If)35
-b(set,)j(shell)e(error)g(messages)g(are)h(written)e(in)h(the)g
-(standard)f Fm(gnu)g Fu(error)1110 777 y(message)c(format.)630
-927 y Ft(histappend)1110 1036 y Fu(If)c(set,)j(the)e(history)g(list)g
+(directories.)54 b(If)1110 1845 y(the)30 b(pattern)g(is)g(follo)m(w)m
+(ed)i(b)m(y)d(a)i(`)p Ft(/)p Fu(',)f(only)g(directories)h(and)f(sub)s
+(directories)1110 1955 y(matc)m(h.)630 2125 y Ft(gnu_errfmt)1110
+2235 y Fu(If)35 b(set,)j(shell)e(error)g(messages)g(are)h(written)e(in)
+h(the)g(standard)f Fm(gnu)g Fu(error)1110 2345 y(message)c(format.)630
+2515 y Ft(histappend)1110 2625 y Fu(If)c(set,)j(the)e(history)g(list)g
(is)g(app)s(ended)e(to)j(the)f(\014le)g(named)f(b)m(y)h(the)g(v)-5
-b(alue)29 b(of)1110 1146 y(the)d Ft(HISTFILE)d Fu(v)-5
+b(alue)29 b(of)1110 2734 y(the)d Ft(HISTFILE)d Fu(v)-5
b(ariable)26 b(when)e(the)h(shell)h(exits,)h(rather)e(than)h(o)m(v)m
-(erwriting)1110 1255 y(the)31 b(\014le.)630 1405 y Ft(histreedit)1110
-1514 y Fu(If)i(set,)h(and)f(Readline)h(is)f(b)s(eing)g(used,)g(a)g
+(erwriting)1110 2844 y(the)31 b(\014le.)630 3014 y Ft(histreedit)1110
+3124 y Fu(If)i(set,)h(and)f(Readline)h(is)f(b)s(eing)g(used,)g(a)g
(user)g(is)g(giv)m(en)h(the)g(opp)s(ortunit)m(y)1110
-1624 y(to)d(re-edit)g(a)g(failed)g(history)f(substitution.)630
-1773 y Ft(histverify)1110 1883 y Fu(If)35 b(set,)i(and)e(Readline)h(is)
+3233 y(to)d(re-edit)g(a)g(failed)g(history)f(substitution.)630
+3404 y Ft(histverify)1110 3513 y Fu(If)35 b(set,)i(and)e(Readline)h(is)
f(b)s(eing)g(used,)h(the)f(results)g(of)g(history)h(substitu-)1110
-1993 y(tion)h(are)g(not)g(immediately)h(passed)e(to)h(the)g(shell)g
-(parser.)59 b(Instead,)38 b(the)1110 2102 y(resulting)i(line)f(is)h
+3623 y(tion)h(are)g(not)g(immediately)h(passed)e(to)h(the)g(shell)g
+(parser.)59 b(Instead,)38 b(the)1110 3733 y(resulting)i(line)f(is)h
(loaded)g(in)m(to)g(the)g(Readline)g(editing)g(bu\013er,)h(allo)m(wing)
-1110 2212 y(further)29 b(mo)s(di\014cation.)630 2361
-y Ft(hostcomplete)1110 2471 y Fu(If)38 b(set,)j(and)c(Readline)i(is)f
+1110 3842 y(further)29 b(mo)s(di\014cation.)630 4013
+y Ft(hostcomplete)1110 4122 y Fu(If)38 b(set,)j(and)c(Readline)i(is)f
(b)s(eing)g(used,)h(Bash)g(will)f(attempt)h(to)g(p)s(erform)1110
-2580 y(hostname)d(completion)h(when)e(a)h(w)m(ord)f(con)m(taining)i(a)f
-(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')g(is)g(b)s(eing)f(com-)1110 2690 y(pleted)g(\(see)h
+4232 y(hostname)d(completion)h(when)e(a)h(w)m(ord)f(con)m(taining)i(a)f
+(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')g(is)g(b)s(eing)f(com-)1110 4341 y(pleted)g(\(see)h
(Section)f(8.4.6)i([Commands)d(F)-8 b(or)36 b(Completion],)g(page)g
-(139\).)1110 2800 y(This)30 b(option)g(is)h(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)
-630 2949 y Ft(huponexit)1110 3059 y Fu(If)i(set,)i(Bash)f(will)h(send)d
+(142\).)1110 4451 y(This)30 b(option)g(is)h(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)
+630 4622 y Ft(huponexit)1110 4731 y Fu(If)i(set,)i(Bash)f(will)h(send)d
Ft(SIGHUP)h Fu(to)h(all)h(jobs)e(when)g(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)k(login)
-1110 3168 y(shell)31 b(exits)g(\(see)g(Section)g(3.7.6)h([Signals],)g
-(page)f(45\).)630 3318 y Ft(inherit_errexit)1110 3427
+1110 4841 y(shell)31 b(exits)g(\(see)g(Section)g(3.7.6)h([Signals],)g
+(page)f(45\).)630 5011 y Ft(inherit_errexit)1110 5121
y Fu(If)e(set,)h(command)g(substitution)f(inherits)g(the)g(v)-5
-b(alue)30 b(of)g(the)f Ft(errexit)f Fu(op-)1110 3537
+b(alue)30 b(of)g(the)f Ft(errexit)f Fu(op-)1110 5230
y(tion,)33 b(instead)g(of)f(unsetting)g(it)h(in)f(the)g(subshell)f(en)m
-(vironmen)m(t.)46 b(This)32 b(op-)1110 3646 y(tion)f(is)f(enabled)h
-(when)e Fm(posix)h Fu(mo)s(de)g(is)g(enabled.)630 3796
-y Ft(interactive_comments)1110 3905 y Fu(Allo)m(w)d(a)g(w)m(ord)e(b)s
+(vironmen)m(t.)46 b(This)32 b(op-)1110 5340 y(tion)f(is)f(enabled)h
+(when)e Fm(posix)h Fu(mo)s(de)g(is)g(enabled.)p eop end
+%%Page: 76 82
+TeXDict begin 76 81 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(76)630 299 y Ft
+(interactive_comments)1110 408 y Fu(Allo)m(w)27 b(a)g(w)m(ord)e(b)s
(eginning)g(with)h(`)p Ft(#)p Fu(')g(to)h(cause)f(that)h(w)m(ord)f(and)
-f(all)i(remain-)1110 4015 y(ing)41 b(c)m(haracters)i(on)e(that)h(line)g
+f(all)i(remain-)1110 518 y(ing)41 b(c)m(haracters)i(on)e(that)h(line)g
(to)g(b)s(e)f(ignored)g(in)g(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell.)1110
-4125 y(This)30 b(option)g(is)h(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)630
-4274 y Ft(lastpipe)96 b Fu(If)24 b(set,)i(and)e(job)g(con)m(trol)i(is)f
+628 y(This)30 b(option)g(is)h(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)630
+792 y Ft(lastpipe)96 b Fu(If)24 b(set,)i(and)e(job)g(con)m(trol)i(is)f
(not)f(activ)m(e,)k(the)d(shell)f(runs)f(the)i(last)g(command)1110
-4384 y(of)37 b(a)h(pip)s(eline)e(not)h(executed)h(in)f(the)g(bac)m
-(kground)g(in)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g(shell)1110 4493 y(en)m(vironmen)m
-(t.)630 4643 y Ft(lithist)144 b Fu(If)22 b(enabled,)i(and)d(the)h
+902 y(of)37 b(a)h(pip)s(eline)e(not)h(executed)h(in)f(the)g(bac)m
+(kground)g(in)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g(shell)1110 1011 y(en)m(vironmen)m
+(t.)630 1176 y Ft(lithist)144 b Fu(If)22 b(enabled,)i(and)d(the)h
Ft(cmdhist)e Fu(option)j(is)f(enabled,)i(m)m(ulti-line)f(commands)1110
-4752 y(are)28 b(sa)m(v)m(ed)h(to)g(the)f(history)g(with)f(em)m(b)s
-(edded)g(newlines)h(rather)g(than)f(using)1110 4862 y(semicolon)32
-b(separators)f(where)e(p)s(ossible.)630 5011 y Ft(localvar_inherit)1110
-5121 y Fu(If)j(set,)h(lo)s(cal)g(v)-5 b(ariables)33 b(inherit)f(the)g
+1285 y(are)28 b(sa)m(v)m(ed)h(to)g(the)f(history)g(with)f(em)m(b)s
+(edded)g(newlines)h(rather)g(than)f(using)1110 1395 y(semicolon)32
+b(separators)f(where)e(p)s(ossible.)630 1559 y Ft(localvar_inherit)1110
+1669 y Fu(If)j(set,)h(lo)s(cal)g(v)-5 b(ariables)33 b(inherit)f(the)g
(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(and)g(attributes)h(of)f(a)g(v)-5 b(ariable)1110
-5230 y(of)36 b(the)g(same)g(name)g(that)h(exists)f(at)h(a)f(previous)g
-(scop)s(e)g(b)s(efore)f(an)m(y)h(new)1110 5340 y(v)-5
+1778 y(of)36 b(the)g(same)g(name)g(that)h(exists)f(at)h(a)f(previous)g
+(scop)s(e)g(b)s(efore)f(an)m(y)h(new)1110 1888 y(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(is)f(assigned.)41 b(The)30 b Ft(nameref)e
-Fu(attribute)k(is)e(not)h(inherited.)p eop end
-%%Page: 76 82
-TeXDict begin 76 81 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(76)630 299 y Ft(localvar_unset)
-1110 408 y Fu(If)33 b(set,)i(calling)g Ft(unset)d Fu(on)i(lo)s(cal)g(v)
--5 b(ariables)35 b(in)e(previous)g(function)g(scop)s(es)1110
-518 y(marks)26 b(them)g(so)g(subsequen)m(t)g(lo)s(okups)f(\014nd)g
-(them)h(unset)f(un)m(til)i(that)g(func-)1110 628 y(tion)40
+Fu(attribute)k(is)e(not)h(inherited.)630 2052 y Ft(localvar_unset)1110
+2162 y Fu(If)i(set,)i(calling)g Ft(unset)d Fu(on)i(lo)s(cal)g(v)-5
+b(ariables)35 b(in)e(previous)g(function)g(scop)s(es)1110
+2271 y(marks)26 b(them)g(so)g(subsequen)m(t)g(lo)s(okups)f(\014nd)g
+(them)h(unset)f(un)m(til)i(that)g(func-)1110 2381 y(tion)40
b(returns.)68 b(This)39 b(is)g(iden)m(tical)j(to)e(the)g(b)s(eha)m
-(vior)g(of)g(unsetting)g(lo)s(cal)1110 737 y(v)-5 b(ariables)31
-b(at)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f(function)g(scop)s(e.)630 902
-y Ft(login_shell)1110 1011 y Fu(The)35 b(shell)h(sets)g(this)f(option)h
+(vior)g(of)g(unsetting)g(lo)s(cal)1110 2491 y(v)-5 b(ariables)31
+b(at)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f(function)g(scop)s(e.)630 2655
+y Ft(login_shell)1110 2765 y Fu(The)35 b(shell)h(sets)g(this)f(option)h
(if)g(it)g(is)f(started)h(as)g(a)g(login)g(shell)g(\(see)g(Sec-)1110
-1121 y(tion)29 b(6.1)g([In)m(v)m(oking)h(Bash],)f(page)g(91\).)41
+2874 y(tion)29 b(6.1)g([In)m(v)m(oking)h(Bash],)f(page)g(92\).)41
b(The)28 b(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(ma)m(y)g(not)f(b)s(e)g(c)m(hanged.)630
-1285 y Ft(mailwarn)96 b Fu(If)34 b(set,)i(and)e(a)h(\014le)g(that)g
+3039 y Ft(mailwarn)96 b Fu(If)34 b(set,)i(and)e(a)h(\014le)g(that)g
(Bash)f(is)h(c)m(hec)m(king)h(for)f(mail)g(has)f(b)s(een)g(accessed)
-1110 1395 y(since)24 b(the)h(last)g(time)f(it)h(w)m(as)f(c)m(hec)m(k)m
+1110 3148 y(since)24 b(the)h(last)g(time)f(it)h(w)m(as)f(c)m(hec)m(k)m
(ed,)k(the)c(message)h Ft("The)k(mail)h(in)f Fj(mail-)1110
-1504 y(file)g Ft(has)h(been)f(read")g Fu(is)h(displa)m(y)m(ed.)630
-1669 y Ft(no_empty_cmd_completion)1110 1778 y Fu(If)g(set,)g(and)g
+3258 y(file)g Ft(has)h(been)f(read")g Fu(is)h(displa)m(y)m(ed.)630
+3422 y Ft(no_empty_cmd_completion)1110 3532 y Fu(If)g(set,)g(and)g
(Readline)g(is)h(b)s(eing)e(used,)h(Bash)g(will)g(not)g(attempt)i(to)e
-(searc)m(h)1110 1888 y(the)25 b Ft(PATH)f Fu(for)h(p)s(ossible)f
+(searc)m(h)1110 3641 y(the)25 b Ft(PATH)f Fu(for)h(p)s(ossible)f
(completions)j(when)d(completion)i(is)f(attempted)h(on)1110
-1998 y(an)k(empt)m(y)h(line.)630 2162 y Ft(nocaseglob)1110
-2271 y Fu(If)38 b(set,)k(Bash)d(matc)m(hes)g(\014lenames)g(in)f(a)h
-(case-insensitiv)m(e)j(fashion)c(when)1110 2381 y(p)s(erforming)29
-b(\014lename)i(expansion.)630 2545 y Ft(nocasematch)1110
-2655 y Fu(If)42 b(set,)k(Bash)d(matc)m(hes)g(patterns)g(in)f(a)h
-(case-insensitiv)m(e)i(fashion)d(when)1110 2765 y(p)s(erforming)31
+3751 y(an)k(empt)m(y)h(line.)630 3915 y Ft(nocaseglob)1110
+4025 y Fu(If)38 b(set,)k(Bash)d(matc)m(hes)g(\014lenames)g(in)f(a)h
+(case-insensitiv)m(e)j(fashion)c(when)1110 4134 y(p)s(erforming)29
+b(\014lename)i(expansion.)630 4299 y Ft(nocasematch)1110
+4408 y Fu(If)42 b(set,)k(Bash)d(matc)m(hes)g(patterns)g(in)f(a)h
+(case-insensitiv)m(e)i(fashion)d(when)1110 4518 y(p)s(erforming)31
b(matc)m(hing)i(while)f(executing)i Ft(case)d Fu(or)h
-Ft([[)g Fu(conditional)h(com-)1110 2874 y(mands)25 b(\(see)i(Section)f
+Ft([[)g Fu(conditional)h(com-)1110 4628 y(mands)25 b(\(see)i(Section)f
(3.2.5.2)j([Conditional)e(Constructs],)f(page)h(12,)h(when)1110
-2984 y(p)s(erforming)e(pattern)i(substitution)f(w)m(ord)g(expansions,)h
-(or)f(when)g(\014ltering)1110 3093 y(p)s(ossible)j(completions)h(as)g
-(part)f(of)h(programmable)f(completion.)630 3258 y Ft
-(noexpand_translation)1110 3367 y Fu(If)23 b(set,)j(Bash)d(encloses)i
+4737 y(p)s(erforming)e(pattern)i(substitution)f(w)m(ord)g(expansions,)h
+(or)f(when)g(\014ltering)1110 4847 y(p)s(ossible)j(completions)h(as)g
+(part)f(of)h(programmable)f(completion.)630 5011 y Ft
+(noexpand_translation)1110 5121 y Fu(If)23 b(set,)j(Bash)d(encloses)i
(the)e(translated)h(results)g(of)f($)p Ft(")p Fu(...)p
-Ft(")h Fu(quoting)g(in)f(single)1110 3477 y(quotes)k(instead)g(of)g
+Ft(")h Fu(quoting)g(in)f(single)1110 5230 y(quotes)k(instead)g(of)g
(double)f(quotes.)40 b(If)26 b(the)h(string)f(is)h(not)g(translated,)h
-(this)1110 3587 y(has)i(no)g(e\013ect.)630 3751 y Ft(nullglob)96
+(this)1110 5340 y(has)i(no)g(e\013ect.)p eop end
+%%Page: 77 83
+TeXDict begin 77 82 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(77)630 299 y Ft(nullglob)96
b Fu(If)23 b(set,)j(Bash)e(allo)m(ws)g(\014lename)g(patterns)g(whic)m
-(h)f(matc)m(h)h(no)g(\014les)f(to)i(expand)1110 3861
-y(to)31 b(a)g(n)m(ull)f(string,)h(rather)f(than)g(themselv)m(es.)630
-4025 y Ft(patsub_replacement)1110 4134 y Fu(If)38 b(set,)k(Bash)d
+(h)f(matc)m(h)h(no)g(\014les)f(to)i(expand)1110 408 y(to)31
+b(a)g(n)m(ull)f(string,)h(rather)f(than)g(themselv)m(es.)630
+591 y Ft(patsub_replacement)1110 701 y Fu(If)38 b(set,)k(Bash)d
(expands)e(o)s(ccurrences)i(of)g(`)p Ft(&)p Fu(')g(in)f(the)h
-(replacemen)m(t)h(string)1110 4244 y(of)47 b(pattern)g(substitution)g
+(replacemen)m(t)h(string)1110 810 y(of)47 b(pattern)g(substitution)g
(to)h(the)f(text)h(matc)m(hed)g(b)m(y)f(the)g(pattern,)52
-b(as)1110 4354 y(describ)s(ed)45 b(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(\(see)f(Section)h
-(3.5.3)g([Shell)f(P)m(arameter)h(Expansion],)1110 4463
+b(as)1110 920 y(describ)s(ed)45 b(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(\(see)f(Section)h
+(3.5.3)g([Shell)f(P)m(arameter)h(Expansion],)1110 1029
y(page)31 b(26\).)42 b(This)30 b(option)g(is)h(enabled)f(b)m(y)g
-(default.)630 4628 y Ft(progcomp)96 b Fu(If)25 b(set,)i(the)f
+(default.)630 1212 y Ft(progcomp)96 b Fu(If)25 b(set,)i(the)f
(programmable)g(completion)g(facilities)i(\(see)f(Section)f(8.6)h
-([Pro-)1110 4737 y(grammable)45 b(Completion],)k(page)c(143\))h(are)f
-(enabled.)82 b(This)44 b(option)h(is)1110 4847 y(enabled)30
-b(b)m(y)h(default.)630 5011 y Ft(progcomp_alias)1110
-5121 y Fu(If)23 b(set,)j(and)d(programmable)h(completion)h(is)f
-(enabled,)h(Bash)f(treats)h(a)f(com-)1110 5230 y(mand)34
+([Pro-)1110 1322 y(grammable)45 b(Completion],)k(page)c(146\))h(are)f
+(enabled.)82 b(This)44 b(option)h(is)1110 1431 y(enabled)30
+b(b)m(y)h(default.)630 1614 y Ft(progcomp_alias)1110
+1724 y Fu(If)23 b(set,)j(and)d(programmable)h(completion)h(is)f
+(enabled,)h(Bash)f(treats)h(a)f(com-)1110 1833 y(mand)34
b(name)h(that)g(do)s(esn't)f(ha)m(v)m(e)i(an)m(y)g(completions)f(as)g
-(a)g(p)s(ossible)g(alias)1110 5340 y(and)40 b(attempts)i(alias)h
-(expansion.)72 b(If)41 b(it)g(has)g(an)g(alias,)k(Bash)c(attempts)p
-eop end
-%%Page: 77 83
-TeXDict begin 77 82 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(77)1110 299 y(programmable)28
-b(completion)h(using)e(the)h(command)f(w)m(ord)h(resulting)f(from)1110
-408 y(the)k(expanded)e(alias.)630 566 y Ft(promptvars)1110
-676 y Fu(If)50 b(set,)56 b(prompt)49 b(strings)h(undergo)g(parameter)h
-(expansion,)k(command)1110 785 y(substitution,)35 b(arithmetic)g
-(expansion,)g(and)e(quote)i(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)35 b(after)f(b)s(eing)1110
-895 y(expanded)53 b(as)h(describ)s(ed)e(b)s(elo)m(w)i(\(see)h(Section)f
-(6.9)h([Con)m(trolling)g(the)1110 1005 y(Prompt],)30
-b(page)h(104\).)43 b(This)29 b(option)i(is)g(enabled)f(b)m(y)g
-(default.)630 1162 y Ft(restricted_shell)1110 1272 y
-Fu(The)40 b(shell)h(sets)g(this)g(option)g(if)g(it)h(is)e(started)i(in)
-e(restricted)i(mo)s(de)e(\(see)1110 1382 y(Section)32
-b(6.10)h([The)d(Restricted)j(Shell],)e(page)h(105\).)45
-b(The)30 b(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(ma)m(y)g(not)1110 1491 y(b)s(e)g(c)m
-(hanged.)49 b(This)32 b(is)h(not)h(reset)f(when)f(the)h(startup)g
-(\014les)f(are)i(executed,)1110 1601 y(allo)m(wing)k(the)e(startup)f
-(\014les)h(to)g(disco)m(v)m(er)h(whether)f(or)f(not)i(a)f(shell)g(is)g
-(re-)1110 1710 y(stricted.)630 1868 y Ft(shift_verbose)1110
-1978 y Fu(If)g(this)g(is)g(set,)j(the)d Ft(shift)f Fu(builtin)h(prin)m
-(ts)f(an)h(error)g(message)i(when)d(the)1110 2087 y(shift)30
-b(coun)m(t)h(exceeds)g(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(p)s(ositional)i
-(parameters.)630 2245 y Ft(sourcepath)1110 2355 y Fu(If)40
-b(set,)45 b(the)c Ft(.)f Fu(\()p Ft(source)p Fu(\))g(builtin)g(uses)h
-(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)41 b(of)g Ft(PATH)f Fu(to)h(\014nd)f(the)1110
-2464 y(directory)32 b(con)m(taining)g(the)g(\014le)f(supplied)f(as)h
-(an)g(argumen)m(t.)44 b(This)30 b(option)1110 2574 y(is)g(enabled)h(b)m
-(y)f(default.)630 2732 y Ft(varredir_close)1110 2841
+(a)g(p)s(ossible)g(alias)1110 1943 y(and)40 b(attempts)i(alias)h
+(expansion.)72 b(If)41 b(it)g(has)g(an)g(alias,)k(Bash)c(attempts)1110
+2052 y(programmable)28 b(completion)h(using)e(the)h(command)f(w)m(ord)h
+(resulting)f(from)1110 2162 y(the)k(expanded)e(alias.)630
+2345 y Ft(promptvars)1110 2454 y Fu(If)50 b(set,)56 b(prompt)49
+b(strings)h(undergo)g(parameter)h(expansion,)k(command)1110
+2564 y(substitution,)35 b(arithmetic)g(expansion,)g(and)e(quote)i(remo)
+m(v)-5 b(al)35 b(after)f(b)s(eing)1110 2673 y(expanded)53
+b(as)h(describ)s(ed)e(b)s(elo)m(w)i(\(see)h(Section)f(6.9)h([Con)m
+(trolling)g(the)1110 2783 y(Prompt],)30 b(page)h(105\).)43
+b(This)29 b(option)i(is)g(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)630
+2966 y Ft(restricted_shell)1110 3075 y Fu(The)40 b(shell)h(sets)g(this)
+g(option)g(if)g(it)h(is)e(started)i(in)e(restricted)i(mo)s(de)e(\(see)
+1110 3185 y(Section)32 b(6.10)h([The)d(Restricted)j(Shell],)e(page)h
+(107\).)45 b(The)30 b(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(ma)m(y)g(not)1110
+3294 y(b)s(e)g(c)m(hanged.)49 b(This)32 b(is)h(not)h(reset)f(when)f
+(the)h(startup)g(\014les)f(are)i(executed,)1110 3404
+y(allo)m(wing)k(the)e(startup)f(\014les)h(to)g(disco)m(v)m(er)h
+(whether)f(or)f(not)i(a)f(shell)g(is)g(re-)1110 3513
+y(stricted.)630 3696 y Ft(shift_verbose)1110 3806 y Fu(If)g(this)g(is)g
+(set,)j(the)d Ft(shift)f Fu(builtin)h(prin)m(ts)f(an)h(error)g(message)
+i(when)d(the)1110 3915 y(shift)30 b(coun)m(t)h(exceeds)g(the)g(n)m(um)m
+(b)s(er)e(of)h(p)s(ositional)i(parameters.)630 4098 y
+Ft(sourcepath)1110 4208 y Fu(If)40 b(set,)45 b(the)c
+Ft(.)f Fu(\()p Ft(source)p Fu(\))g(builtin)g(uses)h(the)g(v)-5
+b(alue)41 b(of)g Ft(PATH)f Fu(to)h(\014nd)f(the)1110
+4317 y(directory)32 b(con)m(taining)g(the)g(\014le)f(supplied)f(as)h
+(an)g(argumen)m(t.)44 b(This)30 b(option)1110 4427 y(is)g(enabled)h(b)m
+(y)f(default.)630 4609 y Ft(varredir_close)1110 4719
y Fu(If)i(set,)h(the)f(shell)h(automatically)i(closes)e(\014le)f
-(descriptors)g(assigned)g(using)1110 2951 y(the)40 b
+(descriptors)g(assigned)g(using)1110 4829 y(the)40 b
Ft({varname})c Fu(redirection)k(syn)m(tax)g(\(see)h(Section)f(3.6)g
-([Redirections],)1110 3060 y(page)h(38\))f(instead)h(of)e(lea)m(ving)j
-(them)e(op)s(en)f(when)g(the)h(command)f(com-)1110 3170
-y(pletes.)630 3328 y Ft(xpg_echo)96 b Fu(If)31 b(set,)h(the)g
+([Redirections],)1110 4938 y(page)h(38\))f(instead)h(of)e(lea)m(ving)j
+(them)e(op)s(en)f(when)g(the)h(command)f(com-)1110 5048
+y(pletes.)630 5230 y Ft(xpg_echo)96 b Fu(If)31 b(set,)h(the)g
Ft(echo)e Fu(builtin)h(expands)f(bac)m(kslash-escap)s(e)j(sequences)f
-(b)m(y)f(de-)1110 3437 y(fault.)150 3677 y Fs(4.4)68
-b(Sp)t(ecial)45 b(Builtins)150 3836 y Fu(F)-8 b(or)35
+(b)m(y)f(de-)1110 5340 y(fault.)p eop end
+%%Page: 78 84
+TeXDict begin 78 83 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(78)150 299 y Fs(4.4)68
+b(Sp)t(ecial)45 b(Builtins)150 458 y Fu(F)-8 b(or)35
b(historical)h(reasons,)g(the)e Fm(posix)g Fu(standard)f(has)i
(classi\014ed)f(sev)m(eral)i(builtin)e(commands)g(as)h
-Fl(sp)-5 b(e-)150 3946 y(cial)p Fu(.)47 b(When)33 b(Bash)f(is)h
+Fl(sp)-5 b(e-)150 568 y(cial)p Fu(.)47 b(When)33 b(Bash)f(is)h
(executing)g(in)f Fm(posix)g Fu(mo)s(de,)h(the)g(sp)s(ecial)g(builtins)
-e(di\013er)i(from)f(other)g(builtin)150 4055 y(commands)e(in)g(three)h
-(resp)s(ects:)199 4189 y(1.)61 b(Sp)s(ecial)31 b(builtins)e(are)i
-(found)e(b)s(efore)h(shell)h(functions)f(during)f(command)h(lo)s(okup.)
-199 4323 y(2.)61 b(If)30 b(a)h(sp)s(ecial)g(builtin)f(returns)f(an)h
-(error)g(status,)h(a)g(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)d(exits.)199
-4456 y(3.)61 b(Assignmen)m(t)30 b(statemen)m(ts)h(preceding)f(the)f
+e(di\013er)i(from)f(other)g(builtin)150 677 y(commands)e(in)g(three)h
+(resp)s(ects:)199 812 y(1.)61 b(Sp)s(ecial)31 b(builtins)e(are)i(found)
+e(b)s(efore)h(shell)h(functions)f(during)f(command)h(lo)s(okup.)199
+946 y(2.)61 b(If)30 b(a)h(sp)s(ecial)g(builtin)f(returns)f(an)h(error)g
+(status,)h(a)g(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)d(exits.)199
+1081 y(3.)61 b(Assignmen)m(t)30 b(statemen)m(ts)h(preceding)f(the)f
(command)g(sta)m(y)i(in)e(e\013ect)i(in)e(the)h(shell)f(en)m(vironmen)m
-(t)330 4566 y(after)i(the)f(command)h(completes.)275
-4724 y(When)36 b(Bash)g(is)h(not)f(executing)i(in)e Fm(posix)f
+(t)330 1191 y(after)i(the)f(command)h(completes.)275
+1350 y(When)36 b(Bash)g(is)h(not)f(executing)i(in)e Fm(posix)f
Fu(mo)s(de,)j(these)f(builtins)f(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)h(no)f(di\013eren)m
-(tly)h(than)150 4833 y(the)31 b(rest)f(of)h(the)f(Bash)h(builtin)e
+(tly)h(than)150 1460 y(the)31 b(rest)f(of)h(the)f(Bash)h(builtin)e
(commands.)41 b(The)30 b(Bash)g Fm(posix)g Fu(mo)s(de)g(is)g(describ)s
-(ed)f(in)h(Section)h(6.11)150 4943 y([Bash)g(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g
-(106.)275 5076 y(These)f(are)g(the)h Fm(posix)f Fu(sp)s(ecial)h
-(builtins:)390 5210 y Ft(break)46 b(:)i(.)f(continue)f(eval)g(exec)h
-(exit)g(export)f(readonly)f(return)h(set)390 5320 y(shift)g(trap)h
+(ed)f(in)h(Section)h(6.11)150 1569 y([Bash)g(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g
+(107.)275 1704 y(These)f(are)g(the)h Fm(posix)f Fu(sp)s(ecial)h
+(builtins:)390 1838 y Ft(break)46 b(:)i(.)f(continue)f(eval)g(exec)h
+(exit)g(export)f(readonly)f(return)h(set)390 1948 y(shift)g(trap)h
(unset)p eop end
-%%Page: 78 84
-TeXDict begin 78 83 bop 3659 -116 a Fu(78)150 299 y Fp(5)80
+%%Page: 79 85
+TeXDict begin 79 84 bop 3659 -116 a Fu(79)150 299 y Fp(5)80
b(Shell)53 b(V)-13 b(ariables)150 504 y Fu(This)21 b(c)m(hapter)i
(describ)s(es)e(the)i(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariables)23 b(that)f(Bash)h(uses.)
37 b(Bash)23 b(automatically)h(assigns)f(default)150
3869 y Ft(PS1)336 b Fu(The)35 b(primary)f(prompt)h(string.)55
b(The)35 b(default)h(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(is)h(`)p Ft(\\s-\\v\\$)28
b Fu('.)56 b(See)36 b(Section)g(6.9)630 3979 y([Con)m(trolling)i(the)e
-(Prompt],)i(page)f(104,)i(for)d(the)h(complete)h(list)e(of)h(escap)s(e)
+(Prompt],)i(page)f(105,)i(for)d(the)h(complete)h(list)e(of)h(escap)s(e)
g(sequences)630 4088 y(that)31 b(are)g(expanded)e(b)s(efore)h
Ft(PS1)g Fu(is)g(displa)m(y)m(ed.)150 4236 y Ft(PS2)336
b Fu(The)28 b(secondary)g(prompt)g(string.)40 b(The)28
(in)h(di\013eren)m(t)g(c)m(hapters:)38 b(v)-5 b(ariables)25
b(for)f(con)m(trolling)150 5082 y(the)31 b(job)f(con)m(trol)h
(facilities)i(\(see)e(Section)g(7.3)h([Job)e(Con)m(trol)h(V)-8
-b(ariables],)32 b(page)g(116\).)150 5230 y Ft(_)432 b
+b(ariables],)32 b(page)g(119\).)150 5230 y Ft(_)432 b
Fu(\($)p 716 5230 28 4 v 41 w(,)34 b(an)g(underscore.\))49
b(A)m(t)35 b(shell)f(startup,)g(set)g(to)g(the)g(pathname)f(used)g(to)h
(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)i(the)630 5340 y(shell)e(or)g(shell)h(script)f(b)s
(eing)f(executed)j(as)e(passed)g(in)f(the)i(en)m(vironmen)m(t)f(or)g
(argumen)m(t)p eop end
-%%Page: 79 85
-TeXDict begin 79 84 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(79)630 299 y(list.)55
+%%Page: 80 86
+TeXDict begin 80 85 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(80)630 299 y(list.)55
b(Subsequen)m(tly)-8 b(,)35 b(expands)f(to)i(the)f(last)g(argumen)m(t)h
(to)f(the)g(previous)f(simple)h(com-)630 408 y(mand)21
b(executed)i(in)e(the)i(foreground,)g(after)f(expansion.)38
(prop)s(erties,)g(ev)m(en)630 3002 y(if)k(it)h(is)g(subsequen)m(tly)f
(reset.)150 3185 y Ft(BASH_ARGC)630 3294 y Fu(An)39 b(arra)m(y)g(v)-5
b(ariable)40 b(whose)f(v)-5 b(alues)39 b(are)h(the)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f
-(of)h(parameters)g(in)g(eac)m(h)h(frame)630 3404 y(of)i(the)g(curren)m
-(t)g(bash)f(execution)i(call)g(stac)m(k.)76 b(The)42
+(of)h(parameters)g(in)g(eac)m(h)h(frame)630 3404 y(of)h(the)g(curren)m
+(t)g(Bash)g(execution)h(call)g(stac)m(k.)73 b(The)41
b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(parameters)g(to)h(the)630 3513
-y(curren)m(t)38 b(subroutine)f(\(shell)i(function)e(or)i(script)f
+y(curren)m(t)c(subroutine)f(\(shell)i(function)e(or)i(script)f
(executed)h(with)e Ft(.)h Fu(or)g Ft(source)p Fu(\))f(is)h(at)630
3623 y(the)27 b(top)g(of)g(the)g(stac)m(k.)41 b(When)27
b(a)g(subroutine)f(is)h(executed,)i(the)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h
(execute)i(a)e(script,)g(or)g(referencing)g(this)f(v)-5
b(ariable)30 b(when)630 4171 y Ft(extdebug)e Fu(is)j(not)f(set,)h(ma)m
(y)g(result)g(in)f(inconsisten)m(t)h(v)-5 b(alues.)150
-4354 y Ft(BASH_ARGV)630 4463 y Fu(An)24 b(arra)m(y)g(v)-5
-b(ariable)25 b(con)m(taining)h(all)f(of)f(the)h(parameters)f(in)g(the)g
-(curren)m(t)g(bash)g(execution)630 4573 y(call)35 b(stac)m(k.)53
+4354 y Ft(BASH_ARGV)630 4463 y Fu(An)23 b(arra)m(y)g(v)-5
+b(ariable)24 b(con)m(taining)g(all)g(of)f(the)h(parameters)f(in)g(the)g
+(curren)m(t)g(Bash)g(execution)630 4573 y(call)35 b(stac)m(k.)53
b(The)34 b(\014nal)g(parameter)g(of)g(the)g(last)h(subroutine)e(call)i
(is)f(at)h(the)f(top)h(of)f(the)630 4682 y(stac)m(k;)28
b(the)c(\014rst)f(parameter)i(of)f(the)g(initial)i(call)f(is)f(at)h
b(this)f(v)-5 b(ariable)35 b(when)e Ft(extdebug)f Fu(is)j(not)f(set,)j
(ma)m(y)e(result)f(in)g(inconsisten)m(t)630 5340 y(v)-5
b(alues.)p eop end
-%%Page: 80 86
-TeXDict begin 80 85 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(80)150 299 y Ft(BASH_ARGV0)630
+%%Page: 81 87
+TeXDict begin 81 86 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(81)150 299 y Ft(BASH_ARGV0)630
408 y Fu(When)31 b(referenced,)g(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)32
b(expands)e(to)h(the)h(name)f(of)g(the)g(shell)g(or)g(shell)g(script)
630 518 y(\(iden)m(tical)42 b(to)e Ft($0)p Fu(;)j(See)d(Section)g
(subsequen)m(tly)g(reset.)150 2545 y Ft(BASH_COMPAT)630
2655 y Fu(The)i(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(is)g(used)f(to)h(set)g(the)g(shell's)g
(compatibilit)m(y)i(lev)m(el.)49 b(See)33 b(Section)h(6.12)g([Shell)630
-2765 y(Compatibilit)m(y)j(Mo)s(de],)h(page)e(110,)i(for)e(a)g
+2765 y(Compatibilit)m(y)j(Mo)s(de],)h(page)e(112,)i(for)e(a)g
(description)g(of)f(the)h(v)-5 b(arious)36 b(compatibilit)m(y)630
2874 y(lev)m(els)g(and)f(their)g(e\013ects.)55 b(The)34
b(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(ma)m(y)f(b)s(e)f(a)i(decimal)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f
47 b(The)31 b(v)-5 b(alid)33 b(v)-5 b(alues)630 3532
y(corresp)s(ond)31 b(to)i(the)g(compatibilit)m(y)i(lev)m(els)f(describ)
s(ed)d(b)s(elo)m(w)i(\(see)g(Section)h(6.12)g([Shell)630
-3641 y(Compatibilit)m(y)d(Mo)s(de],)f(page)g(110\).)42
+3641 y(Compatibilit)m(y)d(Mo)s(de],)f(page)g(112\).)42
b(F)-8 b(or)30 b(example,)h(4.2)f(and)f(42)h(are)g(v)-5
b(alid)30 b(v)-5 b(alues)29 b(that)630 3751 y(corresp)s(ond)d(to)i(the)
f Ft(compat42)e(shopt)g Fu(option)j(and)e(set)i(the)f(compatibilit)m(y)
(shell)h(script,)g(its)g(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(is)630 4171
y(expanded)k(and)h(used)g(as)g(the)h(name)f(of)g(a)h(startup)f(\014le)g
(to)h(read)f(b)s(efore)g(executing)i(the)630 4281 y(script.)41
-b(See)30 b(Section)h(6.2)h([Bash)f(Startup)e(Files],)j(page)f(93.)150
+b(See)30 b(Section)h(6.2)h([Bash)f(Startup)e(Files],)j(page)f(94.)150
4482 y Ft(BASH_EXECUTION_STRING)630 4591 y Fu(The)f(command)g(argumen)m
(t)h(to)g(the)g Ft(-c)e Fu(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)k(option.)150
4792 y Ft(BASH_LINENO)630 4902 y Fu(An)38 b(arra)m(y)g(v)-5
b Fu(if)36 b(referenced)g(within)630 5340 y(another)31
b(shell)f(function\).)41 b(Use)31 b Ft(LINENO)d Fu(to)j(obtain)g(the)g
(curren)m(t)f(line)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er.)p eop end
-%%Page: 81 87
-TeXDict begin 81 86 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(81)150 299 y Ft
+%%Page: 82 88
+TeXDict begin 82 87 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(82)150 299 y Ft
(BASH_LOADABLES_PATH)630 408 y Fu(A)39 b(colon-separated)i(list)f(of)f
(directories)h(in)f(whic)m(h)g(the)g(shell)h(lo)s(oks)f(for)g
(dynamically)630 518 y(loadable)32 b(builtins)d(sp)s(eci\014ed)h(b)m(y)
2299 y Fu(is)i(unset,)h(it)g(loses)g(its)f(sp)s(ecial)h(prop)s(erties,)
f(ev)m(en)h(if)g(it)g(is)f(subsequen)m(tly)g(reset.)150
2454 y Ft(BASH_VERSINFO)630 2564 y Fu(A)i(readonly)g(arra)m(y)g(v)-5
-b(ariable)32 b(\(see)h(Section)g(6.7)f([Arra)m(ys],)h(page)g(100\))g
+b(ariable)32 b(\(see)h(Section)g(6.7)f([Arra)m(ys],)h(page)g(101\))g
(whose)f(mem)m(b)s(ers)630 2673 y(hold)g(v)m(ersion)h(information)f
(for)g(this)g(instance)h(of)g(Bash.)46 b(The)32 b(v)-5
b(alues)32 b(assigned)h(to)g(the)630 2783 y(arra)m(y)e(mem)m(b)s(ers)e
(new)f(v)-5 b(alue.)630 5340 y(Unsetting)45 b Ft(BASH_XTRACEFD)40
b Fu(or)k(assigning)g(it)g(the)g(empt)m(y)h(string)e(causes)i(the)f
(trace)p eop end
-%%Page: 82 88
-TeXDict begin 82 87 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(82)630 299 y(output)33
+%%Page: 83 89
+TeXDict begin 83 88 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(83)630 299 y(output)33
b(to)i(b)s(e)d(sen)m(t)j(to)f(the)g(standard)e(error.)50
b(Note)35 b(that)g(setting)f Ft(BASH_XTRACEFD)c Fu(to)630
408 y(2)39 b(\(the)h(standard)e(error)g(\014le)h(descriptor\))h(and)e
b(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b(is)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)43 b(only)e(in)f(shell)h
(functions)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(b)m(y)e(the)h(pro-)630
2052 y(grammable)36 b(completion)g(facilities)i(\(see)e(Section)g(8.6)g
-([Programmable)g(Completion],)630 2162 y(page)31 b(143\).)150
+([Programmable)g(Completion],)630 2162 y(page)31 b(146\).)150
2308 y Ft(COMP_LINE)630 2418 y Fu(The)38 b(curren)m(t)h(command)f
(line.)66 b(This)37 b(v)-5 b(ariable)40 b(is)f(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)41 b(only)d(in)h(shell)f(functions)630 2527
y(and)25 b(external)h(commands)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(b)m(y)f(the)h
(programmable)f(completion)i(facilities)g(\(see)630 2637
-y(Section)k(8.6)h([Programmable)f(Completion],)g(page)g(143\).)150
+y(Section)k(8.6)h([Programmable)f(Completion],)g(page)g(146\).)150
2783 y Ft(COMP_POINT)630 2892 y Fu(The)25 b(index)g(of)h(the)g(curren)m
(t)f(cursor)g(p)s(osition)h(relativ)m(e)i(to)e(the)g(b)s(eginning)f(of)
g(the)h(curren)m(t)630 3002 y(command.)40 b(If)27 b(the)h(curren)m(t)g
3221 y(only)36 b(in)f(shell)h(functions)f(and)g(external)h(commands)g
(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(b)m(y)e(the)h(programmable)630 3331
y(completion)c(facilities)g(\(see)g(Section)f(8.6)g([Programmable)g
-(Completion],)h(page)f(143\).)150 3477 y Ft(COMP_TYPE)630
+(Completion],)h(page)f(146\).)150 3477 y Ft(COMP_TYPE)630
3587 y Fu(Set)c(to)h(an)f(in)m(teger)h(v)-5 b(alue)28
b(corresp)s(onding)e(to)h(the)h(t)m(yp)s(e)f(of)g(completion)h
(attempted)g(that)630 3696 y(caused)j(a)g(completion)h(function)e(to)h
b(is)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)28 b(only)f(in)f(shell)g(functions)g(and)g
(external)630 4134 y(commands)32 b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(b)m(y)e(the)g
(programmable)h(completion)g(facilities)i(\(see)e(Section)g(8.6)630
-4244 y([Programmable)e(Completion],)h(page)f(143\).)150
+4244 y([Programmable)e(Completion],)h(page)f(146\).)150
4390 y Ft(COMP_KEY)96 b Fu(The)29 b(k)m(ey)i(\(or)g(\014nal)e(k)m(ey)i
(of)f(a)g(k)m(ey)h(sequence\))g(used)e(to)i(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)h(the)e
(curren)m(t)g(completion)630 4500 y(function.)150 4646
5340 y(line.)94 b(The)47 b(line)i(is)f(split)g(in)m(to)h(w)m(ords)e(as)
h(Readline)h(w)m(ould)f(split)g(it,)53 b(using)47 b Ft(COMP_)p
eop end
-%%Page: 83 89
-TeXDict begin 83 88 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(83)630 299 y Ft(WORDBREAKS)34
+%%Page: 84 90
+TeXDict begin 84 89 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(84)630 299 y Ft(WORDBREAKS)34
b Fu(as)i(describ)s(ed)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)60 b(This)36
b(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(is)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)39 b(only)e(in)f(shell)h
(func-)630 408 y(tions)32 b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(b)m(y)d(the)i
(programmable)f(completion)h(facilities)h(\(see)f(Section)g(8.6)g
-([Pro-)630 518 y(grammable)e(Completion],)g(page)g(143\).)150
+([Pro-)630 518 y(grammable)e(Completion],)g(page)g(146\).)150
676 y Ft(COMPREPLY)630 786 y Fu(An)37 b(arra)m(y)h(v)-5
b(ariable)38 b(from)f(whic)m(h)g(Bash)g(reads)g(the)h(p)s(ossible)e
(completions)j(generated)630 896 y(b)m(y)33 b(a)g(shell)h(function)f
(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(b)m(y)f(the)g(programmable)h(completion)g(facilit)m
(y)h(\(see)f(Sec-)630 1005 y(tion)g(8.6)g([Programmable)g(Completion],)
-h(page)f(143\).)51 b(Eac)m(h)34 b(arra)m(y)g(elemen)m(t)h(con)m(tains)
+h(page)f(146\).)51 b(Eac)m(h)34 b(arra)m(y)g(elemen)m(t)h(con)m(tains)
630 1115 y(one)c(p)s(ossible)f(completion.)150 1273 y
Ft(COPROC)192 b Fu(An)27 b(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)28
b(created)g(to)f(hold)g(the)g(\014le)g(descriptors)g(for)g(output)f
h(disables)630 2576 y(line)d(editing.)150 2734 y Ft(ENV)336
b Fu(Expanded)33 b(and)h(executed)i(similarly)f(to)g
Ft(BASH_ENV)d Fu(\(see)k(Section)f(6.2)h([Bash)f(Startup)630
-2844 y(Files],)k(page)e(93\))h(when)d(an)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)d
+2844 y(Files],)k(page)e(94\))h(when)d(an)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)d
(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)g(in)f Fm(posix)g Fu(Mo)s(de)g(\(see)h(Sec-)630
-2953 y(tion)31 b(6.11)h([Bash)f(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g(106\).)150
+2953 y(tion)31 b(6.11)h([Bash)f(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g(107\).)150
3112 y Ft(EPOCHREALTIME)630 3221 y Fu(Eac)m(h)38 b(time)f(this)g
(parameter)h(is)f(referenced,)i(it)f(expands)e(to)i(the)f(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)f(of)h(seconds)630 3331 y(since)f(the)g(Unix)f(Ep)s(o)s(c)m(h)g(as)
Ft([[)g Fu(commands.)630 5340 y(F)-8 b(ull)42 b(pathnames)e(in)h(the)g
(command)g(hash)f(table)i(are)g(not)f(sub)5 b(ject)41
b(to)g Ft(EXECIGNORE)p Fu(.)p eop end
-%%Page: 84 90
-TeXDict begin 84 89 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(84)630 299 y(Use)30
+%%Page: 85 91
+TeXDict begin 85 90 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(85)630 299 y(Use)30
b(this)f(v)-5 b(ariable)30 b(to)g(ignore)g(shared)f(library)g(\014les)g
(that)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(the)f(executable)h(bit)e(set,)630
408 y(but)36 b(are)h(not)g(executable)i(\014les.)60 b(The)36
b(pattern)h(matc)m(hing)h(honors)e(the)h(setting)h(of)f(the)630
-518 y Ft(extglob)28 b Fu(shell)j(option.)150 679 y Ft(FCEDIT)192
+518 y Ft(extglob)28 b Fu(shell)j(option.)150 676 y Ft(FCEDIT)192
b Fu(The)30 b(editor)h(used)e(as)i(a)g(default)f(b)m(y)h(the)f
Ft(-e)g Fu(option)h(to)g(the)f Ft(fc)g Fu(builtin)g(command.)150
-840 y Ft(FIGNORE)144 b Fu(A)35 b(colon-separated)i(list)f(of)g
+835 y Ft(FIGNORE)144 b Fu(A)35 b(colon-separated)i(list)f(of)g
(su\016xes)e(to)i(ignore)g(when)e(p)s(erforming)g(\014lename)i(comple-)
-630 950 y(tion.)k(A)27 b(\014lename)g(whose)f(su\016x)g(matc)m(hes)i
+630 944 y(tion.)k(A)27 b(\014lename)g(whose)f(su\016x)g(matc)m(hes)i
(one)f(of)g(the)g(en)m(tries)g(in)g Ft(FIGNORE)d Fu(is)j(excluded)630
-1060 y(from)j(the)g(list)h(of)g(matc)m(hed)g(\014lenames.)41
+1054 y(from)j(the)g(list)h(of)g(matc)m(hed)g(\014lenames.)41
b(A)30 b(sample)h(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)f(`)p Ft(.o:~)p
-Fu(')150 1221 y Ft(FUNCNAME)96 b Fu(An)35 b(arra)m(y)i(v)-5
+Fu(')150 1212 y Ft(FUNCNAME)96 b Fu(An)35 b(arra)m(y)i(v)-5
b(ariable)36 b(con)m(taining)h(the)f(names)g(of)g(all)g(shell)g
-(functions)g(curren)m(tly)f(in)h(the)630 1330 y(execution)g(call)h
+(functions)g(curren)m(tly)f(in)h(the)630 1322 y(execution)g(call)h
(stac)m(k.)57 b(The)34 b(elemen)m(t)j(with)e(index)g(0)h(is)f(the)g
-(name)h(of)f(an)m(y)h(curren)m(tly-)630 1440 y(executing)f(shell)f
+(name)h(of)f(an)m(y)h(curren)m(tly-)630 1431 y(executing)f(shell)f
(function.)51 b(The)34 b(b)s(ottom-most)h(elemen)m(t)g(\(the)g(one)f
-(with)g(the)g(highest)630 1549 y(index\))e(is)h Ft("main")p
+(with)g(the)g(highest)630 1541 y(index\))e(is)h Ft("main")p
Fu(.)44 b(This)32 b(v)-5 b(ariable)33 b(exists)g(only)g(when)e(a)i
-(shell)f(function)g(is)g(executing.)630 1659 y(Assignmen)m(ts)23
+(shell)f(function)g(is)g(executing.)630 1650 y(Assignmen)m(ts)23
b(to)f Ft(FUNCNAME)e Fu(ha)m(v)m(e)k(no)e(e\013ect.)39
b(If)22 b Ft(FUNCNAME)e Fu(is)i(unset,)h(it)g(loses)g(its)f(sp)s(ecial)
-630 1769 y(prop)s(erties,)30 b(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)g(subsequen)m
-(tly)f(reset.)630 1904 y(This)h(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(can)f(b)s(e)g(used)
+630 1760 y(prop)s(erties,)30 b(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)g(subsequen)m
+(tly)f(reset.)630 1894 y(This)h(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(can)f(b)s(e)g(used)
g(with)g Ft(BASH_LINENO)d Fu(and)j Ft(BASH_SOURCE)p Fu(.)40
-b(Eac)m(h)32 b(elemen)m(t)630 2014 y(of)g Ft(FUNCNAME)d
+b(Eac)m(h)32 b(elemen)m(t)630 2004 y(of)g Ft(FUNCNAME)d
Fu(has)j(corresp)s(onding)e(elemen)m(ts)j(in)f Ft(BASH_LINENO)c
-Fu(and)k Ft(BASH_SOURCE)c Fu(to)630 2123 y(describ)s(e)39
+Fu(and)k Ft(BASH_SOURCE)c Fu(to)630 2113 y(describ)s(e)39
b(the)h(call)h(stac)m(k.)70 b(F)-8 b(or)41 b(instance,)i
Ft(${FUNCNAME[$i]})35 b Fu(w)m(as)41 b(called)f(from)g(the)630
-2233 y(\014le)27 b Ft(${BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]})21 b Fu(at)27
+2223 y(\014le)27 b Ft(${BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]})21 b Fu(at)27
b(line)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d Ft(${BASH_LINENO[$i]})p Fu(.)34
-b(The)27 b Ft(caller)630 2342 y Fu(builtin)j(displa)m(ys)g(the)h
+b(The)27 b Ft(caller)630 2332 y Fu(builtin)j(displa)m(ys)g(the)h
(curren)m(t)f(call)i(stac)m(k)g(using)d(this)i(information.)150
-2504 y Ft(FUNCNEST)96 b Fu(If)34 b(set)i(to)f(a)h(n)m(umeric)e(v)-5
+2491 y Ft(FUNCNEST)96 b Fu(If)34 b(set)i(to)f(a)h(n)m(umeric)e(v)-5
b(alue)36 b(greater)g(than)e(0,)j(de\014nes)d(a)h(maxim)m(um)g
-(function)g(nesting)630 2613 y(lev)m(el.)42 b(F)-8 b(unction)29
+(function)g(nesting)630 2600 y(lev)m(el.)42 b(F)-8 b(unction)29
b(in)m(v)m(o)s(cations)h(that)f(exceed)h(this)e(nesting)h(lev)m(el)h
-(will)f(cause)g(the)f(curren)m(t)630 2723 y(command)i(to)h(ab)s(ort.)
-150 2884 y Ft(GLOBIGNORE)630 2993 y Fu(A)k(colon-separated)i(list)f(of)
+(will)f(cause)g(the)f(curren)m(t)630 2710 y(command)i(to)h(ab)s(ort.)
+150 2868 y Ft(GLOBIGNORE)630 2978 y Fu(A)k(colon-separated)i(list)f(of)
f(patterns)g(de\014ning)f(the)i(set)f(of)g(\014le)h(names)f(to)g(b)s(e)
-g(ignored)630 3103 y(b)m(y)28 b(\014lename)h(expansion.)40
+g(ignored)630 3087 y(b)m(y)28 b(\014lename)h(expansion.)40
b(If)28 b(a)h(\014le)g(name)g(matc)m(hed)g(b)m(y)g(a)g(\014lename)f
-(expansion)h(pattern)630 3213 y(also)k(matc)m(hes)g(one)f(of)g(the)g
+(expansion)h(pattern)630 3197 y(also)k(matc)m(hes)g(one)f(of)g(the)g
(patterns)g(in)f Ft(GLOBIGNORE)p Fu(,)f(it)i(is)g(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(from)
-e(the)h(list)h(of)630 3322 y(matc)m(hes.)41 b(The)27
+e(the)h(list)h(of)630 3306 y(matc)m(hes.)41 b(The)27
b(pattern)g(matc)m(hing)h(honors)f(the)g(setting)i(of)e(the)h
-Ft(extglob)d Fu(shell)i(option.)150 3483 y Ft(GROUPS)192
-b Fu(An)36 b(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(con)m(taining)g(the)f(list)
-h(of)f(groups)g(of)g(whic)m(h)f(the)i(curren)m(t)e(user)h(is)g(a)630
-3593 y(mem)m(b)s(er.)41 b(Assignmen)m(ts)30 b(to)i Ft(GROUPS)d
-Fu(ha)m(v)m(e)i(no)g(e\013ect.)42 b(If)30 b Ft(GROUPS)f
-Fu(is)i(unset,)f(it)h(loses)h(its)630 3703 y(sp)s(ecial)f(prop)s
-(erties,)f(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)g(subsequen)m(tly)f(reset.)150
-3864 y Ft(histchars)630 3973 y Fu(Up)c(to)g(three)g(c)m(haracters)i
-(whic)m(h)d(con)m(trol)j(history)d(expansion,)i(quic)m(k)g
-(substitution,)g(and)630 4083 y(tok)m(enization)k(\(see)f(Section)f
-(9.3)h([History)f(In)m(teraction],)i(page)f(154\).)41
-b(The)29 b(\014rst)e(c)m(harac-)630 4193 y(ter)j(is)f(the)g
-Fr(history)g(expansion)g Fu(c)m(haracter,)j(that)e(is,)f(the)h(c)m
-(haracter)h(whic)m(h)d(signi\014es)i(the)630 4302 y(start)25
-b(of)f(a)h(history)f(expansion,)i(normally)e(`)p Ft(!)p
-Fu('.)39 b(The)24 b(second)g(c)m(haracter)i(is)e(the)g(c)m(haracter)630
-4412 y(whic)m(h)36 b(signi\014es)g(`quic)m(k)h(substitution')f(when)f
-(seen)h(as)g(the)g(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)j(on)e(a)g(line,)630
-4521 y(normally)27 b(`)p Ft(^)p Fu('.)39 b(The)26 b(optional)i(third)d
-(c)m(haracter)j(is)e(the)h(c)m(haracter)h(whic)m(h)e(indicates)h(that)
-630 4631 y(the)34 b(remainder)f(of)h(the)g(line)g(is)f(a)h(commen)m(t)h
-(when)e(found)f(as)i(the)g(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)i(of)f(a)630
-4740 y(w)m(ord,)i(usually)f(`)p Ft(#)p Fu('.)55 b(The)34
-b(history)h(commen)m(t)h(c)m(haracter)h(causes)e(history)g
-(substitution)630 4850 y(to)27 b(b)s(e)f(skipp)s(ed)f(for)i(the)f
-(remaining)h(w)m(ords)f(on)h(the)f(line.)40 b(It)27 b(do)s(es)f(not)h
-(necessarily)g(cause)630 4960 y(the)k(shell)f(parser)g(to)h(treat)g
-(the)g(rest)g(of)f(the)h(line)f(as)h(a)g(commen)m(t.)150
-5121 y Ft(HISTCMD)144 b Fu(The)44 b(history)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)j(or)d
-(index)g(in)f(the)h(history)g(list,)50 b(of)45 b(the)g(curren)m(t)g
-(command.)630 5230 y(Assignmen)m(ts)37 b(to)h Ft(HISTCMD)d
-Fu(are)j(ignored.)61 b(If)37 b Ft(HISTCMD)e Fu(is)i(unset,)h(it)g
-(loses)g(its)f(sp)s(ecial)630 5340 y(prop)s(erties,)30
-b(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)g(subsequen)m(tly)f(reset.)p
-eop end
-%%Page: 85 91
-TeXDict begin 85 90 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(85)150 299 y Ft(HISTCONTROL)630
-408 y Fu(A)40 b(colon-separated)i(list)f(of)f(v)-5 b(alues)40
-b(con)m(trolling)i(ho)m(w)e(commands)g(are)h(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(on)f(the)630
-518 y(history)29 b(list.)41 b(If)28 b(the)h(list)h(of)f(v)-5
+Ft(extglob)d Fu(shell)i(option.)150 3465 y Ft(GLOBSORT)96
+b Fu(Con)m(trol)41 b(ho)m(w)f(the)g(results)g(of)h(\014lename)f
+(expansion)g(are)g(sorted.)70 b(The)40 b(v)-5 b(alue)41
+b(of)f(this)630 3574 y(v)-5 b(ariable)45 b(sp)s(eci\014es)e(the)h(sort)
+g(criteria)h(and)e(sort)h(order)f(for)g(the)h(results)g(of)g
+(\014lename)630 3684 y(expansion.)c(If)29 b(this)g(v)-5
+b(ariable)30 b(is)f(unset)f(or)h(set)h(to)g(the)f(n)m(ull)g(string,)h
+(\014lename)f(expansion)630 3794 y(uses)g(the)h(historial)g(b)s(eha)m
+(vior)f(of)h(sorting)g(b)m(y)f(name.)41 b(If)29 b(set,)h(a)g(v)-5
+b(alid)29 b(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(b)s(egins)f(with)630 3903
+y(an)42 b(optional)h(`)p Ft(+)p Fu(',)i(whic)m(h)d(is)g(ignored,)j(or)d
+(`)p Ft(-)p Fu(',)j(whic)m(h)d(rev)m(erses)h(the)f(sort)g(order)f(from)
+630 4013 y(ascending)34 b(to)g(descending,)g(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)m(y)e
+(a)h(sort)f(sp)s(eci\014er.)50 b(The)32 b(v)-5 b(alid)34
+b(sort)g(sp)s(eci\014ers)630 4122 y(are)21 b(`)p Ft(name)p
+Fu(',)h(`)p Ft(size)p Fu(',)g(`)p Ft(mtime)p Fu(',)g(`)p
+Ft(atime)p Fu(',)g(`)p Ft(ctime)p Fu(',)f(and)f(`)p Ft(blocks)p
+Fu(',)i(whic)m(h)e(sort)h(the)g(\014les)f(on)630 4232
+y(name,)30 b(\014le)h(size,)g(mo)s(di\014cation)f(time,)h(access)h
+(time,)f(ino)s(de)e(c)m(hange)j(time,)f(and)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)630
+4341 y(of)i(blo)s(c)m(ks,)g(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)630
+4475 y(F)g(or)33 b(example,)g(a)f(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(of)f
+Ft(-mtime)e Fu(sorts)i(the)g(results)g(in)f(descending)h(order)f(b)m(y)
+h(mo)s(di-)630 4585 y(\014cation)f(time)g(\(new)m(est)h(\014rst\).)630
+4719 y(If)26 b(the)h(sort)f(sp)s(eci\014er)g(is)h(missing,)g(it)g
+(defaults)g(to)g Fr(name)p Fu(,)g(so)g(a)g(v)-5 b(alue)27
+b(of)f(`)p Ft(+)p Fu(')h(is)f(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)630
+4829 y(to)31 b(the)g(n)m(ull)f(string,)h(and)e(a)i(v)-5
+b(alue)31 b(of)f(`)p Ft(-)p Fu(')h(sorts)f(b)m(y)h(name)f(in)g
+(descending)g(order.)630 4963 y(An)m(y)g(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31
+b(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(restores)g(the)g(historical)g(sorting)g(b)s(eha)m
+(vior.)150 5121 y Ft(GROUPS)192 b Fu(An)36 b(arra)m(y)g(v)-5
+b(ariable)37 b(con)m(taining)g(the)f(list)h(of)f(groups)g(of)g(whic)m
+(h)f(the)i(curren)m(t)e(user)h(is)g(a)630 5230 y(mem)m(b)s(er.)41
+b(Assignmen)m(ts)30 b(to)i Ft(GROUPS)d Fu(ha)m(v)m(e)i(no)g(e\013ect.)
+42 b(If)30 b Ft(GROUPS)f Fu(is)i(unset,)f(it)h(loses)h(its)630
+5340 y(sp)s(ecial)f(prop)s(erties,)f(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)g
+(subsequen)m(tly)f(reset.)p eop end
+%%Page: 86 92
+TeXDict begin 86 91 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(86)150 299 y Ft(histchars)630
+408 y Fu(Up)26 b(to)g(three)g(c)m(haracters)i(whic)m(h)d(con)m(trol)j
+(history)d(expansion,)i(quic)m(k)g(substitution,)g(and)630
+518 y(tok)m(enization)k(\(see)f(Section)f(9.3)h([History)f(In)m
+(teraction],)i(page)f(157\).)41 b(The)29 b(\014rst)e(c)m(harac-)630
+628 y(ter)j(is)f(the)g Fr(history)g(expansion)g Fu(c)m(haracter,)j
+(that)e(is,)f(the)h(c)m(haracter)h(whic)m(h)d(signi\014es)i(the)630
+737 y(start)25 b(of)f(a)h(history)f(expansion,)i(normally)e(`)p
+Ft(!)p Fu('.)39 b(The)24 b(second)g(c)m(haracter)i(is)e(the)g(c)m
+(haracter)630 847 y(whic)m(h)36 b(signi\014es)g(`quic)m(k)h
+(substitution')f(when)f(seen)h(as)g(the)g(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)j(on)e
+(a)g(line,)630 956 y(normally)27 b(`)p Ft(^)p Fu('.)39
+b(The)26 b(optional)i(third)d(c)m(haracter)j(is)e(the)h(c)m(haracter)h
+(whic)m(h)e(indicates)h(that)630 1066 y(the)34 b(remainder)f(of)h(the)g
+(line)g(is)f(a)h(commen)m(t)h(when)e(found)f(as)i(the)g(\014rst)f(c)m
+(haracter)i(of)f(a)630 1176 y(w)m(ord,)i(usually)f(`)p
+Ft(#)p Fu('.)55 b(The)34 b(history)h(commen)m(t)h(c)m(haracter)h
+(causes)e(history)g(substitution)630 1285 y(to)27 b(b)s(e)f(skipp)s(ed)
+f(for)i(the)f(remaining)h(w)m(ords)f(on)h(the)f(line.)40
+b(It)27 b(do)s(es)f(not)h(necessarily)g(cause)630 1395
+y(the)k(shell)f(parser)g(to)h(treat)g(the)g(rest)g(of)f(the)h(line)f
+(as)h(a)g(commen)m(t.)150 1548 y Ft(HISTCMD)144 b Fu(The)44
+b(history)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)j(or)d(index)g(in)f(the)h(history)g(list,)
+50 b(of)45 b(the)g(curren)m(t)g(command.)630 1658 y(Assignmen)m(ts)37
+b(to)h Ft(HISTCMD)d Fu(are)j(ignored.)61 b(If)37 b Ft(HISTCMD)e
+Fu(is)i(unset,)h(it)g(loses)g(its)f(sp)s(ecial)630 1767
+y(prop)s(erties,)30 b(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)g(subsequen)m(tly)f
+(reset.)150 1921 y Ft(HISTCONTROL)630 2030 y Fu(A)40
+b(colon-separated)i(list)f(of)f(v)-5 b(alues)40 b(con)m(trolling)i(ho)m
+(w)e(commands)g(are)h(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(on)f(the)630 2140
+y(history)29 b(list.)41 b(If)28 b(the)h(list)h(of)f(v)-5
b(alues)29 b(includes)f(`)p Ft(ignorespace)p Fu(',)f(lines)i(whic)m(h)g
-(b)s(egin)f(with)630 628 y(a)39 b(space)g(c)m(haracter)i(are)e(not)g
+(b)s(egin)f(with)630 2250 y(a)39 b(space)g(c)m(haracter)i(are)e(not)g
(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(in)g(the)g(history)f(list.)66 b(A)39 b(v)-5
-b(alue)39 b(of)g(`)p Ft(ignoredups)p Fu(')630 737 y(causes)34
+b(alue)39 b(of)g(`)p Ft(ignoredups)p Fu(')630 2359 y(causes)34
b(lines)h(whic)m(h)f(matc)m(h)h(the)f(previous)f(history)h(en)m(try)h
(to)g(not)f(b)s(e)f(sa)m(v)m(ed.)53 b(A)34 b(v)-5 b(alue)630
-847 y(of)32 b(`)p Ft(ignoreboth)p Fu(')d(is)j(shorthand)e(for)i(`)p
+2469 y(of)32 b(`)p Ft(ignoreboth)p Fu(')d(is)j(shorthand)e(for)i(`)p
Ft(ignorespace)p Fu(')d(and)i(`)p Ft(ignoredups)p Fu('.)42
-b(A)32 b(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(of)630 956 y(`)p Ft(erasedups)p
+b(A)32 b(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(of)630 2578 y(`)p Ft(erasedups)p
Fu(')f(causes)i(all)h(previous)f(lines)g(matc)m(hing)h(the)f(curren)m
-(t)g(line)g(to)h(b)s(e)e(remo)m(v)m(ed)630 1066 y(from)42
+(t)g(line)g(to)h(b)s(e)e(remo)m(v)m(ed)630 2688 y(from)42
b(the)h(history)f(list)i(b)s(efore)e(that)h(line)g(is)g(sa)m(v)m(ed.)78
b(An)m(y)43 b(v)-5 b(alue)43 b(not)g(in)f(the)h(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)630
-1176 y(list)35 b(is)g(ignored.)53 b(If)34 b Ft(HISTCONTROL)e
+2798 y(list)35 b(is)g(ignored.)53 b(If)34 b Ft(HISTCONTROL)e
Fu(is)i(unset,)i(or)e(do)s(es)h(not)g(include)f(a)h(v)-5
-b(alid)35 b(v)-5 b(alue,)36 b(all)630 1285 y(lines)30
+b(alid)35 b(v)-5 b(alue,)36 b(all)630 2907 y(lines)30
b(read)g(b)m(y)g(the)g(shell)g(parser)g(are)g(sa)m(v)m(ed)h(on)f(the)g
(history)g(list,)h(sub)5 b(ject)30 b(to)g(the)g(v)-5
-b(alue)630 1395 y(of)42 b Ft(HISTIGNORE)p Fu(.)73 b(The)42
+b(alue)630 3017 y(of)42 b Ft(HISTIGNORE)p Fu(.)73 b(The)42
b(second)g(and)g(subsequen)m(t)f(lines)h(of)h(a)f(m)m(ulti-line)h(comp)
-s(ound)630 1504 y(command)33 b(are)h(not)g(tested,)i(and)d(are)h(added)
+s(ound)630 3126 y(command)33 b(are)h(not)g(tested,)i(and)d(are)h(added)
f(to)h(the)g(history)g(regardless)g(of)g(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)630
-1614 y(of)31 b Ft(HISTCONTROL)p Fu(.)150 1763 y Ft(HISTFILE)96
+3236 y(of)31 b Ft(HISTCONTROL)p Fu(.)150 3389 y Ft(HISTFILE)96
b Fu(The)27 b(name)h(of)g(the)g(\014le)g(to)h(whic)m(h)f(the)g(command)
f(history)h(is)g(sa)m(v)m(ed.)41 b(The)27 b(default)h(v)-5
-b(alue)630 1873 y(is)30 b Ft(~/.bash_history)p Fu(.)150
-2022 y Ft(HISTFILESIZE)630 2132 y Fu(The)c(maxim)m(um)f(n)m(um)m(b)s
+b(alue)630 3499 y(is)30 b Ft(~/.bash_history)p Fu(.)150
+3652 y Ft(HISTFILESIZE)630 3762 y Fu(The)c(maxim)m(um)f(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)g(of)h(lines)h(con)m(tained)g(in)f(the)g(history)g(\014le.)39
-b(When)26 b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)630 2242 y(is)25 b(assigned)h(a)g(v)
+b(When)26 b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)630 3871 y(is)25 b(assigned)h(a)g(v)
-5 b(alue,)27 b(the)f(history)f(\014le)h(is)f(truncated,)i(if)e
(necessary)-8 b(,)28 b(to)e(con)m(tain)g(no)g(more)630
-2351 y(than)37 b(that)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d(of)j(lines)f(b)m(y)g(remo)m
+3981 y(than)37 b(that)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d(of)j(lines)f(b)m(y)g(remo)m
(ving)h(the)f(oldest)h(en)m(tries.)62 b(The)37 b(history)g(\014le)g(is)
-630 2461 y(also)i(truncated)f(to)h(this)e(size)i(after)g(writing)f(it)g
+630 4091 y(also)i(truncated)f(to)h(this)e(size)i(after)g(writing)f(it)g
(when)f(a)h(shell)h(exits.)64 b(If)37 b(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)39
-b(is)630 2570 y(0,)g(the)e(history)f(\014le)h(is)g(truncated)f(to)i
+b(is)630 4200 y(0,)g(the)e(history)f(\014le)h(is)g(truncated)f(to)i
(zero)f(size.)60 b(Non-n)m(umeric)37 b(v)-5 b(alues)37
-b(and)f(n)m(umeric)630 2680 y(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(less)f(than)g(zero)h
+b(and)f(n)m(umeric)630 4310 y(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(less)f(than)g(zero)h
(inhibit)f(truncation.)41 b(The)29 b(shell)i(sets)f(the)h(default)f(v)
--5 b(alue)31 b(to)g(the)630 2790 y(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f
+-5 b(alue)31 b(to)g(the)630 4419 y(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f
Ft(HISTSIZE)f Fu(after)h(reading)h(an)m(y)g(startup)f(\014les.)150
-2939 y Ft(HISTIGNORE)630 3049 y Fu(A)j(colon-separated)h(list)f(of)g
+4573 y Ft(HISTIGNORE)630 4682 y Fu(A)j(colon-separated)h(list)f(of)g
(patterns)f(used)g(to)h(decide)g(whic)m(h)f(command)g(lines)h(should)
-630 3158 y(b)s(e)f(sa)m(v)m(ed)h(on)g(the)f(history)h(list.)47
+630 4792 y(b)s(e)f(sa)m(v)m(ed)h(on)g(the)f(history)h(list.)47
b(Eac)m(h)33 b(pattern)g(is)f(anc)m(hored)h(at)g(the)f(b)s(eginning)g
-(of)h(the)630 3268 y(line)43 b(and)e(m)m(ust)h(matc)m(h)h(the)g
+(of)h(the)630 4902 y(line)43 b(and)e(m)m(ust)h(matc)m(h)h(the)g
(complete)h(line)e(\(no)h(implicit)g(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(')f(is)g(app)s
-(ended\).)75 b(Eac)m(h)630 3377 y(pattern)42 b(is)g(tested)g(against)h
+(ended\).)75 b(Eac)m(h)630 5011 y(pattern)42 b(is)g(tested)g(against)h
(the)f(line)g(after)g(the)g(c)m(hec)m(ks)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(b)m(y)h
-Ft(HISTCONTROL)630 3487 y Fu(are)37 b(applied.)59 b(In)36
+Ft(HISTCONTROL)630 5121 y Fu(are)37 b(applied.)59 b(In)36
b(addition)h(to)g(the)g(normal)g(shell)f(pattern)h(matc)m(hing)h(c)m
-(haracters,)i(`)p Ft(&)p Fu(')630 3597 y(matc)m(hes)d(the)f(previous)g
+(haracters,)i(`)p Ft(&)p Fu(')630 5230 y(matc)m(hes)d(the)f(previous)g
(history)g(line.)57 b(`)p Ft(&)p Fu(')36 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(escap)s(ed)
-h(using)g(a)g(bac)m(kslash;)k(the)630 3706 y(bac)m(kslash)34
+h(using)g(a)g(bac)m(kslash;)k(the)630 5340 y(bac)m(kslash)34
b(is)g(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(b)s(efore)e(attempting)i(a)g(matc)m(h.)51
-b(The)34 b(second)f(and)h(subsequen)m(t)630 3816 y(lines)e(of)h(a)g(m)m
-(ulti-line)g(comp)s(ound)e(command)h(are)h(not)f(tested,)i(and)e(are)g
-(added)g(to)h(the)630 3925 y(history)k(regardless)h(of)f(the)g(v)-5
-b(alue)38 b(of)f Ft(HISTIGNORE)p Fu(.)58 b(The)37 b(pattern)g(matc)m
-(hing)i(honors)630 4035 y(the)31 b(setting)g(of)g(the)f
-Ft(extglob)f Fu(shell)h(option.)630 4164 y Ft(HISTIGNORE)20
-b Fu(subsumes)g(the)j(function)f(of)h Ft(HISTCONTROL)p
-Fu(.)35 b(A)23 b(pattern)f(of)h(`)p Ft(&)p Fu(')g(is)f(iden)m(tical)630
-4274 y(to)k Ft(ignoredups)p Fu(,)e(and)h(a)h(pattern)g(of)f(`)p
-Ft([)31 b(]*)p Fu(')25 b(is)h(iden)m(tical)h(to)f Ft(ignorespace)p
-Fu(.)36 b(Com)m(bining)630 4384 y(these)30 b(t)m(w)m(o)h(patterns,)f
-(separating)g(them)g(with)f(a)h(colon,)h(pro)m(vides)e(the)h
-(functionalit)m(y)h(of)630 4493 y Ft(ignoreboth)p Fu(.)150
-4643 y Ft(HISTSIZE)96 b Fu(The)37 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)j
-(commands)f(to)g(remem)m(b)s(er)g(on)g(the)g(history)g(list.)62
-b(If)37 b(the)630 4752 y(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(is)g(0,)i(commands)d(are)h
-(not)h(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(in)e(the)h(history)g(list.)40 b(Numeric)26
-b(v)-5 b(alues)26 b(less)g(than)630 4862 y(zero)i(result)e(in)h(ev)m
+b(The)34 b(second)f(and)h(subsequen)m(t)p eop end
+%%Page: 87 93
+TeXDict begin 87 92 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(87)630 299 y(lines)32
+b(of)h(a)g(m)m(ulti-line)g(comp)s(ound)e(command)h(are)h(not)f(tested,)
+i(and)e(are)g(added)g(to)h(the)630 408 y(history)k(regardless)h(of)f
+(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(of)f Ft(HISTIGNORE)p Fu(.)58
+b(The)37 b(pattern)g(matc)m(hing)i(honors)630 518 y(the)31
+b(setting)g(of)g(the)f Ft(extglob)f Fu(shell)h(option.)630
+656 y Ft(HISTIGNORE)20 b Fu(subsumes)g(the)j(function)f(of)h
+Ft(HISTCONTROL)p Fu(.)35 b(A)23 b(pattern)f(of)h(`)p
+Ft(&)p Fu(')g(is)f(iden)m(tical)630 766 y(to)k Ft(ignoredups)p
+Fu(,)e(and)h(a)h(pattern)g(of)f(`)p Ft([)31 b(]*)p Fu(')25
+b(is)h(iden)m(tical)h(to)f Ft(ignorespace)p Fu(.)36 b(Com)m(bining)630
+876 y(these)30 b(t)m(w)m(o)h(patterns,)f(separating)g(them)g(with)f(a)h
+(colon,)h(pro)m(vides)e(the)h(functionalit)m(y)h(of)630
+985 y Ft(ignoreboth)p Fu(.)150 1153 y Ft(HISTSIZE)96
+b Fu(The)37 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)j(commands)f(to)g
+(remem)m(b)s(er)g(on)g(the)g(history)g(list.)62 b(If)37
+b(the)630 1262 y(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(is)g(0,)i(commands)d(are)h(not)h(sa)m
+(v)m(ed)g(in)e(the)h(history)g(list.)40 b(Numeric)26
+b(v)-5 b(alues)26 b(less)g(than)630 1372 y(zero)i(result)e(in)h(ev)m
(ery)g(command)g(b)s(eing)f(sa)m(v)m(ed)i(on)f(the)g(history)f(list)i
-(\(there)f(is)g(no)g(limit\).)630 4971 y(The)j(shell)g(sets)h(the)g
+(\(there)f(is)g(no)g(limit\).)630 1481 y(The)j(shell)g(sets)h(the)g
(default)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(to)g(500)h(after)f(reading)f(an)m(y)h
-(startup)f(\014les.)150 5121 y Ft(HISTTIMEFORMAT)630
-5230 y Fu(If)44 b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)45 b(is)f(set)g(and)g(not)g(n)m
+(startup)f(\014les.)150 1649 y Ft(HISTTIMEFORMAT)630
+1758 y Fu(If)44 b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)45 b(is)f(set)g(and)g(not)g(n)m
(ull,)k(its)d(v)-5 b(alue)44 b(is)g(used)g(as)g(a)h(format)f(string)g
-(for)630 5340 y Ft(strftime)26 b Fu(to)k(prin)m(t)e(the)g(time)i(stamp)
+(for)630 1868 y Ft(strftime)26 b Fu(to)k(prin)m(t)e(the)g(time)i(stamp)
e(asso)s(ciated)i(with)e(eac)m(h)i(history)f(en)m(try)f(displa)m(y)m
-(ed)p eop end
-%%Page: 86 92
-TeXDict begin 86 91 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(86)630 299 y(b)m(y)34
-b(the)f Ft(history)f Fu(builtin.)50 b(If)33 b(this)h(v)-5
-b(ariable)34 b(is)g(set,)h(time)f(stamps)g(are)g(written)f(to)i(the)630
-408 y(history)26 b(\014le)g(so)g(they)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(preserv)m(ed)g
-(across)i(shell)f(sessions.)39 b(This)25 b(uses)h(the)g(history)630
-518 y(commen)m(t)31 b(c)m(haracter)h(to)f(distinguish)f(timestamps)h
-(from)f(other)g(history)h(lines.)150 687 y Ft(HOSTFILE)96
-b Fu(Con)m(tains)33 b(the)g(name)f(of)h(a)g(\014le)f(in)g(the)h(same)g
-(format)g(as)f Ft(/etc/hosts)e Fu(that)j(should)f(b)s(e)630
-797 y(read)21 b(when)g(the)g(shell)h(needs)f(to)h(complete)h(a)e
-(hostname.)38 b(The)21 b(list)h(of)g(p)s(ossible)f(hostname)630
-907 y(completions)27 b(ma)m(y)f(b)s(e)f(c)m(hanged)h(while)f(the)h
-(shell)g(is)f(running;)h(the)g(next)f(time)i(hostname)630
-1016 y(completion)33 b(is)g(attempted)g(after)g(the)f(v)-5
+(ed)630 1977 y(b)m(y)34 b(the)f Ft(history)f Fu(builtin.)50
+b(If)33 b(this)h(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(is)g(set,)h(time)f(stamps)g(are)g
+(written)f(to)i(the)630 2087 y(history)26 b(\014le)g(so)g(they)g(ma)m
+(y)h(b)s(e)e(preserv)m(ed)g(across)i(shell)f(sessions.)39
+b(This)25 b(uses)h(the)g(history)630 2196 y(commen)m(t)31
+b(c)m(haracter)h(to)f(distinguish)f(timestamps)h(from)f(other)g
+(history)h(lines.)150 2364 y Ft(HOSTFILE)96 b Fu(Con)m(tains)33
+b(the)g(name)f(of)h(a)g(\014le)f(in)g(the)h(same)g(format)g(as)f
+Ft(/etc/hosts)e Fu(that)j(should)f(b)s(e)630 2473 y(read)21
+b(when)g(the)g(shell)h(needs)f(to)h(complete)h(a)e(hostname.)38
+b(The)21 b(list)h(of)g(p)s(ossible)f(hostname)630 2583
+y(completions)27 b(ma)m(y)f(b)s(e)f(c)m(hanged)h(while)f(the)h(shell)g
+(is)f(running;)h(the)g(next)f(time)i(hostname)630 2693
+y(completion)33 b(is)g(attempted)g(after)g(the)f(v)-5
b(alue)33 b(is)f(c)m(hanged,)i(Bash)e(adds)f(the)i(con)m(ten)m(ts)h(of)
-630 1126 y(the)h(new)f(\014le)g(to)h(the)g(existing)h(list.)53
+630 2802 y(the)h(new)f(\014le)g(to)h(the)g(existing)h(list.)53
b(If)34 b Ft(HOSTFILE)e Fu(is)j(set,)h(but)e(has)g(no)h(v)-5
-b(alue,)36 b(or)e(do)s(es)630 1235 y(not)d(name)f(a)h(readable)g
+b(alue,)36 b(or)e(do)s(es)630 2912 y(not)d(name)f(a)h(readable)g
(\014le,)g(Bash)f(attempts)i(to)f(read)f Ft(/etc/hosts)e
-Fu(to)j(obtain)g(the)f(list)630 1345 y(of)h(p)s(ossible)f(hostname)h
+Fu(to)j(obtain)g(the)f(list)630 3021 y(of)h(p)s(ossible)f(hostname)h
(completions.)43 b(When)31 b Ft(HOSTFILE)d Fu(is)j(unset,)f(the)h
-(hostname)g(list)630 1455 y(is)f(cleared.)150 1624 y
+(hostname)g(list)630 3131 y(is)f(cleared.)150 3298 y
Ft(HOSTNAME)96 b Fu(The)30 b(name)g(of)h(the)f(curren)m(t)h(host.)150
-1793 y Ft(HOSTTYPE)96 b Fu(A)30 b(string)h(describing)f(the)g(mac)m
-(hine)h(Bash)g(is)f(running)f(on.)150 1963 y Ft(IGNOREEOF)630
-2072 y Fu(Con)m(trols)e(the)h(action)g(of)f(the)g(shell)g(on)g(receipt)
+3465 y Ft(HOSTTYPE)96 b Fu(A)30 b(string)h(describing)f(the)g(mac)m
+(hine)h(Bash)g(is)f(running)f(on.)150 3633 y Ft(IGNOREEOF)630
+3742 y Fu(Con)m(trols)e(the)h(action)g(of)f(the)g(shell)g(on)g(receipt)
h(of)f(an)g Ft(EOF)f Fu(c)m(haracter)i(as)g(the)f(sole)h(input.)630
-2182 y(If)i(set,)i(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(denotes)f(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s
+3852 y(If)i(set,)i(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(denotes)f(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s
(er)f(of)h(consecutiv)m(e)i Ft(EOF)d Fu(c)m(haracters)i(that)f(can)h(b)
-s(e)630 2291 y(read)40 b(as)f(the)h(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)i(on)f(an)f
+s(e)630 3961 y(read)40 b(as)f(the)h(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)i(on)f(an)f
(input)g(line)h(b)s(efore)f(the)h(shell)g(will)g(exit.)70
-b(If)39 b(the)630 2401 y(v)-5 b(ariable)39 b(exists)f(but)g(do)s(es)f
+b(If)39 b(the)630 4071 y(v)-5 b(ariable)39 b(exists)f(but)g(do)s(es)f
(not)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(a)g(n)m(umeric)f(v)-5 b(alue,)40
-b(or)e(has)g(no)g(v)-5 b(alue,)40 b(then)e(the)630 2511
+b(or)e(has)g(no)g(v)-5 b(alue,)40 b(then)e(the)630 4181
y(default)31 b(is)g(10.)43 b(If)30 b(the)h(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(do)s(es)g(not)g(exist,)h(then)e Ft(EOF)g Fu(signi\014es)h(the)g(end)f
-(of)h(input)630 2620 y(to)g(the)g(shell.)41 b(This)29
+(of)h(input)630 4290 y(to)g(the)g(shell.)41 b(This)29
b(is)i(only)f(in)g(e\013ect)i(for)e(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)150
-2790 y Ft(INPUTRC)144 b Fu(The)68 b(name)h(of)f(the)h(Readline)g
+4457 y Ft(INPUTRC)144 b Fu(The)68 b(name)h(of)f(the)h(Readline)g
(initialization)j(\014le,)78 b(o)m(v)m(erriding)69 b(the)g(default)g
-(of)630 2899 y Ft(~/.inputrc)p Fu(.)150 3068 y Ft(INSIDE_EMACS)630
-3178 y Fu(If)29 b(Bash)h(\014nds)e(this)h(v)-5 b(ariable)31
+(of)630 4567 y Ft(~/.inputrc)p Fu(.)150 4734 y Ft(INSIDE_EMACS)630
+4844 y Fu(If)29 b(Bash)h(\014nds)e(this)h(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(in)e(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(when)e(the)i(shell)g(starts,)g(it)g
-(assumes)630 3288 y(that)i(the)g(shell)g(is)f(running)f(in)i(an)f
+(assumes)630 4954 y(that)i(the)g(shell)g(is)f(running)f(in)i(an)f
(Emacs)h(shell)g(bu\013er)e(and)h(ma)m(y)i(disable)e(line)h(editing)630
-3397 y(dep)s(ending)d(on)h(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f
-Ft(TERM)p Fu(.)150 3567 y Ft(LANG)288 b Fu(Used)28 b(to)h(determine)f
+5063 y(dep)s(ending)d(on)h(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f
+Ft(TERM)p Fu(.)150 5230 y Ft(LANG)288 b Fu(Used)28 b(to)h(determine)f
(the)g(lo)s(cale)h(category)h(for)e(an)m(y)h(category)h(not)e(sp)s
-(eci\014cally)g(selected)630 3676 y(with)i(a)h(v)-5 b(ariable)31
-b(starting)g(with)f Ft(LC_)p Fu(.)150 3846 y Ft(LC_ALL)192
+(eci\014cally)g(selected)630 5340 y(with)i(a)h(v)-5 b(ariable)31
+b(starting)g(with)f Ft(LC_)p Fu(.)p eop end
+%%Page: 88 94
+TeXDict begin 88 93 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(88)150 299 y Ft(LC_ALL)192
b Fu(This)28 b(v)-5 b(ariable)29 b(o)m(v)m(errides)h(the)f(v)-5
b(alue)29 b(of)g Ft(LANG)f Fu(and)g(an)m(y)h(other)g
-Ft(LC_)f Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)29 b(sp)s(ecifying)630 3955
-y(a)i(lo)s(cale)h(category)-8 b(.)150 4125 y Ft(LC_COLLATE)630
-4234 y Fu(This)37 b(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b(determines)g(the)g(collation)i
+Ft(LC_)f Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)29 b(sp)s(ecifying)630 408
+y(a)i(lo)s(cale)h(category)-8 b(.)150 573 y Ft(LC_COLLATE)630
+682 y Fu(This)37 b(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b(determines)g(the)g(collation)i
(order)d(used)g(when)f(sorting)i(the)g(results)g(of)630
-4344 y(\014lename)e(expansion,)i(and)e(determines)g(the)h(b)s(eha)m
-(vior)f(of)g(range)h(expressions,)h(equiv-)630 4453 y(alence)e
-(classes,)h(and)e(collating)i(sequences)e(within)f(\014lename)h
-(expansion)g(and)f(pattern)630 4563 y(matc)m(hing)d(\(see)h(Section)f
-(3.5.8)h([Filename)g(Expansion],)e(page)h(35\).)150 4732
-y Ft(LC_CTYPE)96 b Fu(This)36 b(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(determines)f(the)h
-(in)m(terpretation)h(of)f(c)m(haracters)h(and)e(the)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)h
-(of)630 4842 y(c)m(haracter)46 b(classes)g(within)e(\014lename)h
-(expansion)g(and)f(pattern)h(matc)m(hing)h(\(see)f(Sec-)630
-4951 y(tion)31 b(3.5.8)h([Filename)g(Expansion],)e(page)h(35\).)150
-5121 y Ft(LC_MESSAGES)630 5230 y Fu(This)25 b(v)-5 b(ariable)27
+792 y(\014lename)e(expansion,)i(and)e(determines)g(the)h(b)s(eha)m
+(vior)f(of)g(range)h(expressions,)h(equiv-)630 902 y(alence)e(classes,)
+h(and)e(collating)i(sequences)e(within)f(\014lename)h(expansion)g(and)f
+(pattern)630 1011 y(matc)m(hing)d(\(see)h(Section)f(3.5.8)h([Filename)g
+(Expansion],)e(page)h(36\).)150 1176 y Ft(LC_CTYPE)96
+b Fu(This)36 b(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(determines)f(the)h(in)m
+(terpretation)h(of)f(c)m(haracters)h(and)e(the)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)h(of)
+630 1285 y(c)m(haracter)46 b(classes)g(within)e(\014lename)h(expansion)
+g(and)f(pattern)h(matc)m(hing)h(\(see)f(Sec-)630 1395
+y(tion)31 b(3.5.8)h([Filename)g(Expansion],)e(page)h(36\).)150
+1559 y Ft(LC_MESSAGES)630 1669 y Fu(This)25 b(v)-5 b(ariable)27
b(determines)f(the)g(lo)s(cale)i(used)d(to)i(translate)g(double-quoted)
-f(strings)g(pre-)630 5340 y(ceded)31 b(b)m(y)f(a)h(`)p
+f(strings)g(pre-)630 1778 y(ceded)31 b(b)m(y)f(a)h(`)p
Ft($)p Fu(')f(\(see)h(Section)h(3.1.2.5)g([Lo)s(cale)g(T)-8
-b(ranslation],)32 b(page)f(7\).)p eop end
-%%Page: 87 93
-TeXDict begin 87 92 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(87)150 299 y Ft(LC_NUMERIC)630
-408 y Fu(This)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(determines)f(the)h(lo)s(cale)h
+b(ranslation],)32 b(page)f(7\).)150 1943 y Ft(LC_NUMERIC)630
+2052 y Fu(This)f(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(determines)f(the)h(lo)s(cale)h
(category)g(used)e(for)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(formatting.)150
-573 y Ft(LC_TIME)144 b Fu(This)25 b(v)-5 b(ariable)26
+2217 y Ft(LC_TIME)144 b Fu(This)25 b(v)-5 b(ariable)26
b(determines)g(the)g(lo)s(cale)h(category)h(used)d(for)g(data)h(and)f
-(time)i(formatting.)150 737 y Ft(LINENO)192 b Fu(The)32
+(time)i(formatting.)150 2381 y Ft(LINENO)192 b Fu(The)32
b(line)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(in)i(the)f(script)h(or)f(shell)h(function)f
(curren)m(tly)h(executing.)49 b(If)32 b Ft(LINENO)630
-847 y Fu(is)e(unset,)h(it)g(loses)g(its)f(sp)s(ecial)h(prop)s(erties,)f
-(ev)m(en)h(if)g(it)g(is)f(subsequen)m(tly)g(reset.)150
-1011 y Ft(LINES)240 b Fu(Used)43 b(b)m(y)g(the)g Ft(select)e
+2491 y Fu(is)e(unset,)h(it)g(loses)g(its)f(sp)s(ecial)h(prop)s(erties,)
+f(ev)m(en)h(if)g(it)g(is)f(subsequen)m(tly)g(reset.)150
+2655 y Ft(LINES)240 b Fu(Used)43 b(b)m(y)g(the)g Ft(select)e
Fu(command)i(to)g(determine)g(the)g(column)g(length)g(for)g(prin)m
-(ting)630 1121 y(selection)c(lists.)63 b(Automatically)41
+(ting)630 2765 y(selection)c(lists.)63 b(Automatically)41
b(set)d(if)f(the)h Ft(checkwinsize)d Fu(option)j(is)f(enabled)h(\(see)
-630 1230 y(Section)44 b(4.3.2)h([The)e(Shopt)g(Builtin],)k(page)d
+630 2874 y(Section)44 b(4.3.2)h([The)e(Shopt)g(Builtin],)k(page)d
(71\),)k(or)43 b(in)g(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)e(up)s(on)630
-1340 y(receipt)31 b(of)g(a)g Ft(SIGWINCH)p Fu(.)150 1504
+2984 y(receipt)31 b(of)g(a)g Ft(SIGWINCH)p Fu(.)150 3148
y Ft(MACHTYPE)96 b Fu(A)26 b(string)g(that)h(fully)f(describ)s(es)f
(the)h(system)g(t)m(yp)s(e)h(on)f(whic)m(h)f(Bash)i(is)f(executing,)i
-(in)e(the)630 1614 y(standard)k Fm(gnu)g Fr(cpu-compan)m(y-system)h
-Fu(format.)150 1778 y Ft(MAILCHECK)630 1888 y Fu(Ho)m(w)d(often)g(\(in)
+(in)e(the)630 3258 y(standard)k Fm(gnu)g Fr(cpu-compan)m(y-system)h
+Fu(format.)150 3422 y Ft(MAILCHECK)630 3532 y Fu(Ho)m(w)d(often)g(\(in)
g(seconds\))g(that)g(the)f(shell)h(should)f(c)m(hec)m(k)i(for)e(mail)h
-(in)f(the)h(\014les)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)630 1998 y(in)i(the)h
+(in)f(the)h(\014les)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)630 3641 y(in)i(the)h
Ft(MAILPATH)e Fu(or)i Ft(MAIL)e Fu(v)-5 b(ariables.)43
b(The)30 b(default)h(is)f(60)i(seconds.)42 b(When)30
-b(it)h(is)g(time)630 2107 y(to)37 b(c)m(hec)m(k)h(for)e(mail,)j(the)e
+b(it)h(is)g(time)630 3751 y(to)37 b(c)m(hec)m(k)h(for)e(mail,)j(the)e
(shell)f(do)s(es)g(so)h(b)s(efore)f(displa)m(ying)h(the)f(primary)g
-(prompt.)57 b(If)630 2217 y(this)37 b(v)-5 b(ariable)38
+(prompt.)57 b(If)630 3861 y(this)37 b(v)-5 b(ariable)38
b(is)f(unset,)h(or)f(set)h(to)g(a)f(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(that)f(is)g(not)h
-(a)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(greater)i(than)f(or)630 2326 y(equal)31
+(a)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(greater)i(than)f(or)630 3970 y(equal)31
b(to)g(zero,)g(the)g(shell)g(disables)f(mail)h(c)m(hec)m(king.)150
-2491 y Ft(MAPFILE)144 b Fu(An)35 b(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)36
+4134 y Ft(MAPFILE)144 b Fu(An)35 b(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)36
b(created)g(to)h(hold)e(the)g(text)i(read)e(b)m(y)g(the)h
-Ft(mapfile)d Fu(builtin)i(when)630 2600 y(no)30 b(v)-5
-b(ariable)31 b(name)g(is)f(supplied.)150 2765 y Ft(OLDPWD)192
+Ft(mapfile)d Fu(builtin)i(when)630 4244 y(no)30 b(v)-5
+b(ariable)31 b(name)g(is)f(supplied.)150 4408 y Ft(OLDPWD)192
b Fu(The)30 b(previous)g(w)m(orking)g(directory)h(as)g(set)g(b)m(y)f
-(the)h Ft(cd)e Fu(builtin.)150 2929 y Ft(OPTERR)192 b
+(the)h Ft(cd)e Fu(builtin.)150 4573 y Ft(OPTERR)192 b
Fu(If)35 b(set)i(to)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(1,)i(Bash)e(displa)m(ys)g
(error)f(messages)i(generated)g(b)m(y)f(the)g Ft(getopts)630
-3039 y Fu(builtin)30 b(command.)150 3203 y Ft(OSTYPE)192
+4682 y Fu(builtin)30 b(command.)150 4847 y Ft(OSTYPE)192
b Fu(A)30 b(string)h(describing)f(the)g(op)s(erating)h(system)g(Bash)f
-(is)h(running)d(on.)150 3367 y Ft(PIPESTATUS)630 3477
+(is)h(running)d(on.)150 5011 y Ft(PIPESTATUS)630 5121
y Fu(An)48 b(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)49 b(\(see)g(Section)g(6.7)g
-([Arra)m(ys],)k(page)c(100\))g(con)m(taining)h(a)e(list)h(of)630
-3587 y(exit)32 b(status)f(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(from)f(the)h(pro)s(cesses)g
+([Arra)m(ys],)k(page)c(101\))g(con)m(taining)h(a)e(list)h(of)630
+5230 y(exit)32 b(status)f(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(from)f(the)h(pro)s(cesses)g
(in)g(the)g(most-recen)m(tly-executed)j(foreground)630
-3696 y(pip)s(eline)c(\(whic)m(h)g(ma)m(y)h(con)m(tain)h(only)f(a)f
-(single)h(command\).)150 3861 y Ft(POSIXLY_CORRECT)630
-3970 y Fu(If)h(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(is)e(in)g(the)h(en)m
+5340 y(pip)s(eline)c(\(whic)m(h)g(ma)m(y)h(con)m(tain)h(only)f(a)f
+(single)h(command\).)p eop end
+%%Page: 89 95
+TeXDict begin 89 94 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(89)150 299 y Ft(POSIXLY_CORRECT)630
+408 y Fu(If)32 b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(is)e(in)g(the)h(en)m
(vironmen)m(t)g(when)e(Bash)i(starts,)g(the)g(shell)g(en)m(ters)g
-Fm(posix)630 4080 y Fu(mo)s(de)46 b(\(see)h(Section)g(6.11)g([Bash)g
-(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)50 b(page)d(106\))h(b)s(efore)e(reading)g(the)630
-4189 y(startup)38 b(\014les,)j(as)e(if)g(the)g Ft(--posix)d
+Fm(posix)630 518 y Fu(mo)s(de)46 b(\(see)h(Section)g(6.11)g([Bash)g
+(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)50 b(page)d(107\))h(b)s(efore)e(reading)g(the)630
+628 y(startup)38 b(\014les,)j(as)e(if)g(the)g Ft(--posix)d
Fu(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)41 b(option)e(had)f(b)s(een)g(supplied.)64
-b(If)39 b(it)g(is)630 4299 y(set)31 b(while)f(the)h(shell)f(is)h
+b(If)39 b(it)g(is)630 737 y(set)31 b(while)f(the)h(shell)f(is)h
(running,)e(Bash)h(enables)h Fm(posix)f Fu(mo)s(de,)g(as)g(if)h(the)f
-(command)870 4436 y Ft(set)47 b(-o)g(posix)630 4573 y
+(command)870 870 y Ft(set)47 b(-o)g(posix)630 1002 y
Fu(had)33 b(b)s(een)g(executed.)51 b(When)33 b(the)h(shell)f(en)m(ters)
h Fm(posix)f Fu(mo)s(de,)h(it)g(sets)g(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)34
-b(if)630 4682 y(it)d(w)m(as)g(not)f(already)h(set.)150
-4847 y Ft(PPID)288 b Fu(The)30 b(pro)s(cess)g Fm(id)g
+b(if)630 1112 y(it)d(w)m(as)g(not)f(already)h(set.)150
+1267 y Ft(PPID)288 b Fu(The)30 b(pro)s(cess)g Fm(id)g
Fu(of)h(the)f(shell's)h(paren)m(t)g(pro)s(cess.)40 b(This)30
-b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(readonly)-8 b(.)150 5011 y
-Ft(PROMPT_COMMAND)630 5121 y Fu(If)23 b(this)h(v)-5 b(ariable)24
+b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(readonly)-8 b(.)150 1422 y
+Ft(PROMPT_COMMAND)630 1532 y Fu(If)23 b(this)h(v)-5 b(ariable)24
b(is)g(set,)i(and)d(is)h(an)f(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)27 b(the)d(v)-5
b(alue)24 b(of)g(eac)m(h)g(set)h(elemen)m(t)g(is)f(in)m(terpreted)630
-5230 y(as)29 b(a)g(command)f(to)i(execute)g(b)s(efore)e(prin)m(ting)h
+1641 y(as)29 b(a)g(command)f(to)i(execute)g(b)s(efore)e(prin)m(ting)h
(the)g(primary)f(prompt)f(\()p Ft($PS1)p Fu(\).)40 b(If)28
-b(this)h(is)630 5340 y(set)c(but)f(not)g(an)h(arra)m(y)g(v)-5
+b(this)h(is)630 1751 y(set)c(but)f(not)g(an)h(arra)m(y)g(v)-5
b(ariable,)26 b(its)f(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(is)f(used)g(as)h(a)f(command)g
-(to)i(execute)f(instead.)p eop end
-%%Page: 88 94
-TeXDict begin 88 93 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(88)150 299 y Ft(PROMPT_DIRTRIM)630
-408 y Fu(If)27 b(set)g(to)h(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(greater)i(than)f
-(zero,)i(the)e(v)-5 b(alue)28 b(is)f(used)g(as)g(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)
-e(of)h(trailing)630 518 y(directory)c(comp)s(onen)m(ts)h(to)f(retain)h
-(when)e(expanding)g(the)h Ft(\\w)g Fu(and)f Ft(\\W)g
-Fu(prompt)h(string)f(es-)630 628 y(cap)s(es)i(\(see)h(Section)g(6.9)g
-([Con)m(trolling)g(the)f(Prompt],)i(page)e(104\).)41
-b(Characters)24 b(remo)m(v)m(ed)630 737 y(are)31 b(replaced)g(with)f
-(an)g(ellipsis.)150 892 y Ft(PS0)336 b Fu(The)32 b(v)-5
-b(alue)33 b(of)g(this)g(parameter)g(is)g(expanded)e(lik)m(e)j
-Ft(PS1)e Fu(and)g(displa)m(y)m(ed)i(b)m(y)e(in)m(teractiv)m(e)630
-1002 y(shells)e(after)h(reading)g(a)g(command)f(and)f(b)s(efore)h(the)h
-(command)f(is)h(executed.)150 1157 y Ft(PS3)336 b Fu(The)34
-b(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(of)f(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)35 b(is)g(used)e(as)i
-(the)f(prompt)g(for)g(the)g Ft(select)f Fu(command.)52
-b(If)630 1267 y(this)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)g(not)f(set,)i(the)e
-Ft(select)f Fu(command)h(prompts)f(with)h(`)p Ft(#?)g
-Fu(')150 1422 y Ft(PS4)336 b Fu(The)38 b(v)-5 b(alue)39
-b(of)g(this)g(parameter)g(is)g(expanded)f(lik)m(e)i Ft(PS1)e
-Fu(and)g(the)h(expanded)f(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(is)630 1532
-y(the)c(prompt)f(prin)m(ted)g(b)s(efore)g(the)h(command)f(line)h(is)g
-(ec)m(ho)s(ed)g(when)f(the)h Ft(-x)f Fu(option)h(is)630
-1641 y(set)k(\(see)h(Section)g(4.3.1)g([The)f(Set)g(Builtin],)j(page)e
+(to)i(execute)f(instead.)150 1906 y Ft(PROMPT_DIRTRIM)630
+2016 y Fu(If)i(set)g(to)h(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(greater)i(than)f(zero,)
+i(the)e(v)-5 b(alue)28 b(is)f(used)g(as)g(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h
+(trailing)630 2125 y(directory)c(comp)s(onen)m(ts)h(to)f(retain)h(when)
+e(expanding)g(the)h Ft(\\w)g Fu(and)f Ft(\\W)g Fu(prompt)h(string)f
+(es-)630 2235 y(cap)s(es)i(\(see)h(Section)g(6.9)g([Con)m(trolling)g
+(the)f(Prompt],)i(page)e(105\).)41 b(Characters)24 b(remo)m(v)m(ed)630
+2345 y(are)31 b(replaced)g(with)f(an)g(ellipsis.)150
+2500 y Ft(PS0)336 b Fu(The)32 b(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(of)g(this)g(parameter)
+g(is)g(expanded)e(lik)m(e)j Ft(PS1)e Fu(and)g(displa)m(y)m(ed)i(b)m(y)e
+(in)m(teractiv)m(e)630 2609 y(shells)e(after)h(reading)g(a)g(command)f
+(and)f(b)s(efore)h(the)h(command)f(is)h(executed.)150
+2765 y Ft(PS3)336 b Fu(The)34 b(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(of)f(this)g(v)-5
+b(ariable)35 b(is)g(used)e(as)i(the)f(prompt)g(for)g(the)g
+Ft(select)f Fu(command.)52 b(If)630 2874 y(this)30 b(v)-5
+b(ariable)31 b(is)g(not)f(set,)i(the)e Ft(select)f Fu(command)h
+(prompts)f(with)h(`)p Ft(#?)g Fu(')150 3029 y Ft(PS4)336
+b Fu(The)38 b(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(of)g(this)g(parameter)g(is)g(expanded)f
+(lik)m(e)i Ft(PS1)e Fu(and)g(the)h(expanded)f(v)-5 b(alue)39
+b(is)630 3139 y(the)c(prompt)f(prin)m(ted)g(b)s(efore)g(the)h(command)f
+(line)h(is)g(ec)m(ho)s(ed)g(when)f(the)h Ft(-x)f Fu(option)h(is)630
+3249 y(set)k(\(see)h(Section)g(4.3.1)g([The)f(Set)g(Builtin],)j(page)e
(67\).)67 b(The)38 b(\014rst)g(c)m(haracter)j(of)e(the)630
-1751 y(expanded)33 b(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(is)h(replicated)g(m)m(ultiple)g
+3358 y(expanded)33 b(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(is)h(replicated)g(m)m(ultiple)g
(times,)h(as)f(necessary)-8 b(,)35 b(to)f(indicate)g(m)m(ultiple)630
-1861 y(lev)m(els)e(of)e(indirection.)42 b(The)29 b(default)i(is)f(`)p
-Ft(+)h Fu('.)150 2016 y Ft(PWD)336 b Fu(The)30 b(curren)m(t)g(w)m
+3468 y(lev)m(els)e(of)e(indirection.)42 b(The)29 b(default)i(is)f(`)p
+Ft(+)h Fu('.)150 3623 y Ft(PWD)336 b Fu(The)30 b(curren)m(t)g(w)m
(orking)h(directory)g(as)f(set)h(b)m(y)f(the)h Ft(cd)f
-Fu(builtin.)150 2171 y Ft(RANDOM)192 b Fu(Eac)m(h)26
+Fu(builtin.)150 3778 y Ft(RANDOM)192 b Fu(Eac)m(h)26
b(time)g(this)f(parameter)h(is)g(referenced,)g(it)g(expands)f(to)h(a)g
-(random)e(in)m(teger)j(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)630 2281 y(0)e(and)e(32767.)41
+(random)e(in)m(teger)j(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)630 3888 y(0)e(and)e(32767.)41
b(Assigning)25 b(a)f(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(to)g(this)f(v)-5
b(ariable)25 b(seeds)f(the)h(random)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(gener-)630
-2390 y(ator.)41 b(If)27 b Ft(RANDOM)f Fu(is)h(unset,)h(it)g(loses)h
+3998 y(ator.)41 b(If)27 b Ft(RANDOM)f Fu(is)h(unset,)h(it)g(loses)h
(its)f(sp)s(ecial)g(prop)s(erties,)g(ev)m(en)g(if)g(it)g(is)f
-(subsequen)m(tly)630 2500 y(reset.)150 2655 y Ft(READLINE_ARGUMENT)630
-2765 y Fu(An)m(y)37 b(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t)h(giv)m(en)g(to)g(a)g
+(subsequen)m(tly)630 4107 y(reset.)150 4262 y Ft(READLINE_ARGUMENT)630
+4372 y Fu(An)m(y)37 b(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t)h(giv)m(en)g(to)g(a)g
(Readline)g(command)f(that)h(w)m(as)g(de\014ned)e(using)630
-2874 y(`)p Ft(bind)29 b(-x)p Fu(')h(\(see)i(Section)f(4.2)g([Bash)g
-(Builtins],)g(page)h(55,)f(when)e(it)i(w)m(as)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)150
-3029 y Ft(READLINE_LINE)630 3139 y Fu(The)c(con)m(ten)m(ts)i(of)f(the)g
+4482 y(`)p Ft(bind)29 b(-x)p Fu(')h(\(see)i(Section)f(4.2)g([Bash)g
+(Builtins],)g(page)h(56,)f(when)e(it)i(w)m(as)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)150
+4637 y Ft(READLINE_LINE)630 4746 y Fu(The)c(con)m(ten)m(ts)i(of)f(the)g
(Readline)g(line)g(bu\013er,)f(for)h(use)f(with)g(`)p
-Ft(bind)j(-x)p Fu(')d(\(see)h(Section)h(4.2)630 3249
-y([Bash)i(Builtins],)g(page)g(55\).)150 3404 y Ft(READLINE_MARK)630
-3513 y Fu(The)26 b(p)s(osition)h(of)g(the)g Fr(mark)32
+Ft(bind)j(-x)p Fu(')d(\(see)h(Section)h(4.2)630 4856
+y([Bash)i(Builtins],)g(page)g(56\).)150 5011 y Ft(READLINE_MARK)630
+5121 y Fu(The)26 b(p)s(osition)h(of)g(the)g Fr(mark)32
b Fu(\(sa)m(v)m(ed)c(insertion)f(p)s(oin)m(t\))g(in)g(the)g(Readline)g
-(line)g(bu\013er,)g(for)630 3623 y(use)36 b(with)f(`)p
+(line)g(bu\013er,)g(for)630 5230 y(use)36 b(with)f(`)p
Ft(bind)30 b(-x)p Fu(')35 b(\(see)i(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)f(Builtins],)
-i(page)f(55\).)58 b(The)35 b(c)m(haracters)630 3733 y(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)
+i(page)f(56\).)58 b(The)35 b(c)m(haracters)630 5340 y(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)
c(the)g(insertion)f(p)s(oin)m(t)g(and)g(the)h(mark)f(are)h(often)f
-(called)i(the)f Fr(region)p Fu(.)150 3888 y Ft(READLINE_POINT)630
-3998 y Fu(The)23 b(p)s(osition)g(of)g(the)h(insertion)f(p)s(oin)m(t)g
+(called)i(the)f Fr(region)p Fu(.)p eop end
+%%Page: 90 96
+TeXDict begin 90 95 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(90)150 299 y Ft(READLINE_POINT)630
+408 y Fu(The)23 b(p)s(osition)g(of)g(the)h(insertion)f(p)s(oin)m(t)g
(in)g(the)g(Readline)h(line)f(bu\013er,)h(for)f(use)g(with)g(`)p
-Ft(bind)630 4107 y(-x)p Fu(')30 b(\(see)h(Section)h(4.2)f([Bash)g
-(Builtins],)g(page)g(55\).)150 4262 y Ft(REPLY)240 b
-Fu(The)30 b(default)g(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(for)e(the)g
-Ft(read)g Fu(builtin.)150 4418 y Ft(SECONDS)144 b Fu(This)40
-b(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b(expands)f(to)h(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i
-(seconds)g(since)g(the)f(shell)h(w)m(as)g(started.)630
-4527 y(Assignmen)m(t)i(to)g(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)43
-b(resets)g(the)g(coun)m(t)g(to)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)43
-b(assigned,)j(and)c(the)630 4637 y(expanded)35 b(v)-5
-b(alue)36 b(b)s(ecomes)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(assigned)g(plus)f(the)h
-(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(seconds)g(since)630 4746 y(the)41
-b(assignmen)m(t.)72 b(The)40 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(seconds)f(at)h
-(shell)g(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)i(and)c(the)i(curren)m(t)630
-4856 y(time)30 b(are)g(alw)m(a)m(ys)g(determined)f(b)m(y)g(querying)g
-(the)h(system)f(clo)s(c)m(k.)42 b(If)29 b Ft(SECONDS)e
-Fu(is)i(unset,)630 4966 y(it)i(loses)g(its)g(sp)s(ecial)g(prop)s
-(erties,)f(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)g(subsequen)m(tly)e(reset.)150
-5121 y Ft(SHELL)240 b Fu(This)24 b(en)m(vironmen)m(t)i(v)-5
+Ft(bind)630 518 y(-x)p Fu(')30 b(\(see)h(Section)h(4.2)f([Bash)g
+(Builtins],)g(page)g(56\).)150 678 y Ft(REPLY)240 b Fu(The)30
+b(default)g(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(for)e(the)g Ft(read)g
+Fu(builtin.)150 838 y Ft(SECONDS)144 b Fu(This)40 b(v)-5
+b(ariable)41 b(expands)f(to)h(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(seconds)g
+(since)g(the)f(shell)h(w)m(as)g(started.)630 948 y(Assignmen)m(t)i(to)g
+(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)43 b(resets)g(the)g(coun)m(t)g(to)g(the)g(v)-5
+b(alue)43 b(assigned,)j(and)c(the)630 1058 y(expanded)35
+b(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(b)s(ecomes)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)36
+b(assigned)g(plus)f(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(seconds)g(since)630
+1167 y(the)41 b(assignmen)m(t.)72 b(The)40 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i
+(seconds)f(at)h(shell)g(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)i(and)c(the)i(curren)m(t)
+630 1277 y(time)30 b(are)g(alw)m(a)m(ys)g(determined)f(b)m(y)g
+(querying)g(the)h(system)f(clo)s(c)m(k.)42 b(If)29 b
+Ft(SECONDS)e Fu(is)i(unset,)630 1386 y(it)i(loses)g(its)g(sp)s(ecial)g
+(prop)s(erties,)f(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)g(subsequen)m(tly)e(reset.)150
+1547 y Ft(SHELL)240 b Fu(This)24 b(en)m(vironmen)m(t)i(v)-5
b(ariable)26 b(expands)e(to)i(the)g(full)f(pathname)g(to)h(the)f
-(shell.)39 b(If)25 b(it)g(is)h(not)630 5230 y(set)36
+(shell.)39 b(If)25 b(it)g(is)h(not)630 1656 y(set)36
b(when)f(the)h(shell)g(starts,)i(Bash)e(assigns)h(to)f(it)h(the)f(full)
-f(pathname)h(of)g(the)g(curren)m(t)630 5340 y(user's)30
-b(login)h(shell.)p eop end
-%%Page: 89 95
-TeXDict begin 89 94 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(89)150 299 y Ft(SHELLOPTS)630
-408 y Fu(A)31 b(colon-separated)h(list)f(of)g(enabled)f(shell)h
-(options.)41 b(Eac)m(h)31 b(w)m(ord)f(in)g(the)h(list)g(is)g(a)g(v)-5
-b(alid)630 518 y(argumen)m(t)28 b(for)f(the)h Ft(-o)e
+f(pathname)h(of)g(the)g(curren)m(t)630 1766 y(user's)30
+b(login)h(shell.)150 1926 y Ft(SHELLOPTS)630 2035 y Fu(A)g
+(colon-separated)h(list)f(of)g(enabled)f(shell)h(options.)41
+b(Eac)m(h)31 b(w)m(ord)f(in)g(the)h(list)g(is)g(a)g(v)-5
+b(alid)630 2145 y(argumen)m(t)28 b(for)f(the)h Ft(-o)e
Fu(option)i(to)g(the)g Ft(set)e Fu(builtin)h(command)g(\(see)i(Section)
-f(4.3.1)h([The)630 628 y(Set)g(Builtin],)h(page)f(67\).)42
+f(4.3.1)h([The)630 2255 y(Set)g(Builtin],)h(page)f(67\).)42
b(The)28 b(options)h(app)s(earing)f(in)g Ft(SHELLOPTS)e
-Fu(are)j(those)h(rep)s(orted)630 737 y(as)g(`)p Ft(on)p
+Fu(are)j(those)h(rep)s(orted)630 2364 y(as)g(`)p Ft(on)p
Fu(')f(b)m(y)h(`)p Ft(set)g(-o)p Fu('.)40 b(If)29 b(this)h(v)-5
b(ariable)30 b(is)g(in)f(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(when)f(Bash)h
-(starts)g(up,)630 847 y(eac)m(h)41 b(shell)e(option)h(in)f(the)h(list)g
-(will)f(b)s(e)g(enabled)h(b)s(efore)f(reading)g(an)m(y)h(startup)f
-(\014les.)630 956 y(This)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(readonly)-8
-b(.)150 1121 y Ft(SHLVL)240 b Fu(Incremen)m(ted)21 b(b)m(y)g(one)g(eac)
+(starts)g(up,)630 2474 y(eac)m(h)41 b(shell)e(option)h(in)f(the)h(list)
+g(will)f(b)s(e)g(enabled)h(b)s(efore)f(reading)g(an)m(y)h(startup)f
+(\014les.)630 2583 y(This)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(readonly)-8
+b(.)150 2744 y Ft(SHLVL)240 b Fu(Incremen)m(ted)21 b(b)m(y)g(one)g(eac)
m(h)h(time)f(a)h(new)e(instance)h(of)g(Bash)g(is)g(started.)38
-b(This)20 b(is)h(in)m(tended)630 1230 y(to)31 b(b)s(e)f(a)h(coun)m(t)g
+b(This)20 b(is)h(in)m(tended)630 2853 y(to)31 b(b)s(e)f(a)h(coun)m(t)g
(of)f(ho)m(w)h(deeply)f(y)m(our)g(Bash)h(shells)f(are)h(nested.)150
-1395 y Ft(SRANDOM)144 b Fu(This)36 b(v)-5 b(ariable)37
+3013 y Ft(SRANDOM)144 b Fu(This)36 b(v)-5 b(ariable)37
b(expands)f(to)h(a)g(32-bit)h(pseudo-random)d(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(eac)m
-(h)j(time)f(it)g(is)g(ref-)630 1504 y(erenced.)47 b(The)32
+(h)j(time)f(it)g(is)g(ref-)630 3123 y(erenced.)47 b(The)32
b(random)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(generator)j(is)e(not)h(linear)g(on)f
-(systems)h(that)g(supp)s(ort)630 1614 y Ft(/dev/urandom)26
+(systems)h(that)g(supp)s(ort)630 3232 y Ft(/dev/urandom)26
b Fu(or)k Ft(arc4random)p Fu(,)d(so)j(eac)m(h)g(returned)f(n)m(um)m(b)s
-(er)f(has)h(no)g(relationship)h(to)630 1724 y(the)39
+(er)f(has)h(no)g(relationship)h(to)630 3342 y(the)39
b(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)e(preceding)i(it.)66 b(The)38 b(random)g(n)m(um)m(b)
-s(er)f(generator)j(cannot)g(b)s(e)e(seeded,)630 1833
+s(er)f(generator)j(cannot)g(b)s(e)e(seeded,)630 3452
y(so)c(assignmen)m(ts)g(to)g(this)f(v)-5 b(ariable)34
b(ha)m(v)m(e)h(no)e(e\013ect.)51 b(If)33 b Ft(SRANDOM)e
-Fu(is)j(unset,)g(it)f(loses)i(its)630 1943 y(sp)s(ecial)c(prop)s
+Fu(is)j(unset,)g(it)f(loses)i(its)630 3561 y(sp)s(ecial)c(prop)s
(erties,)f(ev)m(en)h(if)f(it)h(is)g(subsequen)m(tly)f(reset.)150
-2107 y Ft(TIMEFORMAT)630 2217 y Fu(The)g(v)-5 b(alue)32
+3721 y Ft(TIMEFORMAT)630 3831 y Fu(The)g(v)-5 b(alue)32
b(of)f(this)g(parameter)g(is)g(used)f(as)h(a)g(format)h(string)f(sp)s
-(ecifying)f(ho)m(w)h(the)g(tim-)630 2326 y(ing)37 b(information)f(for)h
+(ecifying)f(ho)m(w)h(the)g(tim-)630 3941 y(ing)37 b(information)f(for)h
(pip)s(elines)f(pre\014xed)f(with)h(the)h Ft(time)e Fu(reserv)m(ed)i(w)
-m(ord)f(should)g(b)s(e)630 2436 y(displa)m(y)m(ed.)k(The)27
+m(ord)f(should)g(b)s(e)630 4050 y(displa)m(y)m(ed.)k(The)27
b(`)p Ft(\045)p Fu(')h(c)m(haracter)h(in)m(tro)s(duces)e(an)h(escap)s
-(e)g(sequence)g(that)g(is)f(expanded)g(to)630 2545 y(a)37
+(e)g(sequence)g(that)g(is)f(expanded)g(to)630 4160 y(a)37
b(time)g(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(or)h(other)f(information.)59
b(The)36 b(escap)s(e)g(sequences)h(and)e(their)i(meanings)630
-2655 y(are)31 b(as)f(follo)m(ws;)i(the)f(braces)f(denote)h(optional)h
-(p)s(ortions.)630 2819 y Ft(\045\045)384 b Fu(A)30 b(literal)i(`)p
-Ft(\045)p Fu('.)630 2984 y Ft(\045[)p Fj(p)p Ft(][l]R)96
-b Fu(The)30 b(elapsed)h(time)g(in)f(seconds.)630 3148
+4269 y(are)31 b(as)f(follo)m(ws;)i(the)f(braces)f(denote)h(optional)h
+(p)s(ortions.)630 4430 y Ft(\045\045)384 b Fu(A)30 b(literal)i(`)p
+Ft(\045)p Fu('.)630 4590 y Ft(\045[)p Fj(p)p Ft(][l]R)96
+b Fu(The)30 b(elapsed)h(time)g(in)f(seconds.)630 4750
y Ft(\045[)p Fj(p)p Ft(][l]U)96 b Fu(The)30 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h
(CPU)g(seconds)h(sp)s(en)m(t)f(in)g(user)f(mo)s(de.)630
-3313 y Ft(\045[)p Fj(p)p Ft(][l]S)96 b Fu(The)30 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f
+4910 y Ft(\045[)p Fj(p)p Ft(][l]S)96 b Fu(The)30 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f
(of)h(CPU)g(seconds)h(sp)s(en)m(t)f(in)g(system)g(mo)s(de.)630
-3477 y Ft(\045P)384 b Fu(The)30 b(CPU)g(p)s(ercen)m(tage,)i(computed)e
-(as)h(\(\045U)f Ft(+)g Fu(\045S\))g(/)h(\045R.)630 3641
+5070 y Ft(\045P)384 b Fu(The)30 b(CPU)g(p)s(ercen)m(tage,)i(computed)e
+(as)h(\(\045U)f Ft(+)g Fu(\045S\))g(/)h(\045R.)630 5230
y(The)23 b(optional)j Fr(p)g Fu(is)e(a)g(digit)h(sp)s(ecifying)e(the)h
(precision,)i(the)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(fractional)h(digits)630
-3751 y(after)36 b(a)f(decimal)i(p)s(oin)m(t.)55 b(A)35
+5340 y(after)36 b(a)f(decimal)i(p)s(oin)m(t.)55 b(A)35
b(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(of)f(0)h(causes)g(no)f(decimal)h(p)s(oin)m(t)f(or)h
-(fraction)g(to)g(b)s(e)630 3861 y(output.)48 b(A)m(t)34
-b(most)f(three)g(places)h(after)f(the)g(decimal)h(p)s(oin)m(t)f(ma)m(y)
-h(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed;)i(v)-5 b(alues)630 3970 y(of)31
-b Fr(p)h Fu(greater)g(than)e(3)h(are)f(c)m(hanged)h(to)g(3.)42
-b(If)29 b Fr(p)k Fu(is)d(not)h(sp)s(eci\014ed,)f(the)h(v)-5
-b(alue)30 b(3)h(is)g(used.)630 4107 y(The)54 b(optional)h
+(fraction)g(to)g(b)s(e)p eop end
+%%Page: 91 97
+TeXDict begin 91 96 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
+b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(91)630 299 y(output.)48
+b(A)m(t)34 b(most)f(three)g(places)h(after)f(the)g(decimal)h(p)s(oin)m
+(t)f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed;)i(v)-5 b(alues)630
+408 y(of)31 b Fr(p)h Fu(greater)g(than)e(3)h(are)f(c)m(hanged)h(to)g
+(3.)42 b(If)29 b Fr(p)k Fu(is)d(not)h(sp)s(eci\014ed,)f(the)h(v)-5
+b(alue)30 b(3)h(is)g(used.)630 543 y(The)54 b(optional)h
Ft(l)f Fu(sp)s(eci\014es)g(a)h(longer)f(format,)61 b(including)54
-b(min)m(utes,)61 b(of)54 b(the)g(form)630 4217 y Fr(MM)10
+b(min)m(utes,)61 b(of)54 b(the)g(form)630 653 y Fr(MM)10
b Fu(m)p Fr(SS)p Fu(.)p Fr(FF)d Fu(s.)103 b(The)50 b(v)-5
b(alue)52 b(of)f Fr(p)j Fu(determines)d(whether)f(or)h(not)h(the)f
-(fraction)h(is)630 4326 y(included.)630 4463 y(If)30
-b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)g(not)f(set,)i(Bash)e(acts)h(as)g(if)f
-(it)h(had)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)870 4600 y Ft
-($'\\nreal\\t\0453lR\\nuser\\t\0453)o(lU\\n)o(sys\\)o(t\0453)o(lS')630
-4737 y Fu(If)37 b(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(is)f(n)m(ull,)i(no)f(timing)f
-(information)h(is)f(displa)m(y)m(ed.)62 b(A)37 b(trailing)i(newline)e
-(is)630 4847 y(added)30 b(when)f(the)i(format)f(string)h(is)f(displa)m
-(y)m(ed.)150 5011 y Ft(TMOUT)240 b Fu(If)22 b(set)h(to)g(a)g(v)-5
+(fraction)h(is)630 762 y(included.)630 897 y(If)30 b(this)g(v)-5
+b(ariable)31 b(is)g(not)f(set,)i(Bash)e(acts)h(as)g(if)f(it)h(had)f
+(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)870 1031 y Ft($'\\nreal\\t\0453lR\\nuser\\t\0453)o
+(lU\\n)o(sys\\)o(t\0453)o(lS')630 1166 y Fu(If)37 b(the)g(v)-5
+b(alue)38 b(is)f(n)m(ull,)i(no)f(timing)f(information)h(is)f(displa)m
+(y)m(ed.)62 b(A)37 b(trailing)i(newline)e(is)630 1275
+y(added)30 b(when)f(the)i(format)f(string)h(is)f(displa)m(y)m(ed.)150
+1435 y Ft(TMOUT)240 b Fu(If)22 b(set)h(to)g(a)g(v)-5
b(alue)23 b(greater)h(than)e(zero,)j Ft(TMOUT)d Fu(is)g(treated)i(as)e
-(the)h(default)g(timeout)g(for)g(the)630 5121 y Ft(read)31
+(the)h(default)g(timeout)g(for)g(the)630 1544 y Ft(read)31
b Fu(builtin)h(\(see)h(Section)f(4.2)i([Bash)e(Builtins],)h(page)g
-(55\).)47 b(The)32 b Ft(select)e Fu(command)630 5230
+(56\).)47 b(The)32 b Ft(select)e Fu(command)630 1654
y(\(see)f(Section)h(3.2.5.2)g([Conditional)g(Constructs],)e(page)i
-(12\))f(terminates)g(if)g(input)e(do)s(es)630 5340 y(not)k(arriv)m(e)g
+(12\))f(terminates)g(if)g(input)e(do)s(es)630 1763 y(not)k(arriv)m(e)g
(after)g Ft(TMOUT)e Fu(seconds)h(when)f(input)h(is)g(coming)h(from)f(a)
-h(terminal.)p eop end
-%%Page: 90 96
-TeXDict begin 90 95 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41
-b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(90)630 299 y(In)40
-b(an)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell,)h(the)d(v)-5 b(alue)41
-b(is)g(in)m(terpreted)g(as)f(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(seconds)f(to)
-630 408 y(w)m(ait)28 b(for)e(a)g(line)h(of)g(input)e(after)i(issuing)f
-(the)h(primary)e(prompt.)39 b(Bash)26 b(terminates)h(after)630
-518 y(w)m(aiting)32 b(for)e(that)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(seconds)h(if)
-f(a)h(complete)h(line)e(of)h(input)e(do)s(es)h(not)h(arriv)m(e.)150
-677 y Ft(TMPDIR)192 b Fu(If)39 b(set,)j(Bash)e(uses)f(its)h(v)-5
-b(alue)40 b(as)f(the)h(name)f(of)h(a)g(directory)g(in)f(whic)m(h)g
-(Bash)h(creates)630 787 y(temp)s(orary)30 b(\014les)g(for)g(the)h
-(shell's)g(use.)150 946 y Ft(UID)336 b Fu(The)30 b(n)m(umeric)g(real)h
-(user)f(id)g(of)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f(user.)40 b(This)30
-b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(readonly)-8 b(.)p eop end
-%%Page: 91 97
-TeXDict begin 91 96 bop 3659 -116 a Fu(91)150 299 y Fp(6)80
+h(terminal.)630 1898 y(In)40 b(an)h(in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell,)h(the)d
+(v)-5 b(alue)41 b(is)g(in)m(terpreted)g(as)f(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f
+(of)h(seconds)f(to)630 2007 y(w)m(ait)28 b(for)e(a)g(line)h(of)g(input)
+e(after)i(issuing)f(the)h(primary)e(prompt.)39 b(Bash)26
+b(terminates)h(after)630 2117 y(w)m(aiting)32 b(for)e(that)h(n)m(um)m
+(b)s(er)e(of)h(seconds)h(if)f(a)h(complete)h(line)e(of)h(input)e(do)s
+(es)h(not)h(arriv)m(e.)150 2276 y Ft(TMPDIR)192 b Fu(If)39
+b(set,)j(Bash)e(uses)f(its)h(v)-5 b(alue)40 b(as)f(the)h(name)f(of)h(a)
+g(directory)g(in)f(whic)m(h)g(Bash)h(creates)630 2386
+y(temp)s(orary)30 b(\014les)g(for)g(the)h(shell's)g(use.)150
+2545 y Ft(UID)336 b Fu(The)30 b(n)m(umeric)g(real)h(user)f(id)g(of)g
+(the)h(curren)m(t)f(user.)40 b(This)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31
+b(is)f(readonly)-8 b(.)p eop end
+%%Page: 92 98
+TeXDict begin 92 97 bop 3659 -116 a Fu(92)150 299 y Fp(6)80
b(Bash)54 b(F)-13 b(eatures)150 502 y Fu(This)30 b(c)m(hapter)h
(describ)s(es)e(features)i(unique)e(to)i(Bash.)150 731
y Fs(6.1)68 b(In)l(v)l(oking)46 b(Bash)390 890 y Ft(bash)h([long-opt])e
3765 y Ft(--login)144 b Fu(Equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)31 b(to)g
Ft(-l)p Fu(.)150 3912 y Ft(--noediting)630 4022 y Fu(Do)h(not)e(use)h
(the)g Fm(gnu)f Fu(Readline)i(library)e(\(see)h(Chapter)g(8)g([Command)
-f(Line)g(Editing],)630 4131 y(page)h(117\))h(to)f(read)g(command)f
+f(Line)g(Editing],)630 4131 y(page)h(120\))h(to)f(read)g(command)f
(lines)g(when)g(the)g(shell)h(is)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e.)150
4278 y Ft(--noprofile)630 4388 y Fu(Don't)22 b(load)g(the)g
(system-wide)f(startup)g(\014le)h Ft(/etc/profile)c Fu(or)j(an)m(y)h
y Fu(standard)35 b(to)h(matc)m(h)g(the)g(standard.)55
b(This)35 b(is)h(in)m(tended)f(to)h(mak)m(e)h(Bash)f(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)g
(as)g(a)630 5230 y(strict)22 b(sup)s(erset)e(of)h(that)g(standard.)37
-b(See)21 b(Section)h(6.11)g([Bash)f(POSIX)f(Mo)s(de],)k(page)d(106,)630
+b(See)21 b(Section)h(6.11)g([Bash)f(POSIX)f(Mo)s(de],)k(page)d(107,)630
5340 y(for)30 b(a)h(description)f(of)h(the)f(Bash)h Fm(posix)f
Fu(mo)s(de.)p eop end
-%%Page: 92 98
-TeXDict begin 92 97 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(92)150 299 y Ft(--restricted)630
+%%Page: 93 99
+TeXDict begin 93 98 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(93)150 299 y Ft(--restricted)630
408 y Fu(Mak)m(e)54 b(the)e(shell)g(a)h(restricted)g(shell)f(\(see)h
(Section)g(6.10)h([The)d(Restricted)j(Shell],)630 518
-y(page)31 b(105\).)150 677 y Ft(--verbose)630 787 y Fu(Equiv)-5
+y(page)31 b(107\).)150 677 y Ft(--verbose)630 787 y Fu(Equiv)-5
b(alen)m(t)31 b(to)g Ft(-v)p Fu(.)41 b(Prin)m(t)30 b(shell)g(input)g
(lines)g(as)h(they're)g(read.)150 946 y Ft(--version)630
1056 y Fu(Sho)m(w)d(v)m(ersion)g(information)g(for)g(this)g(instance)h
(error)g(messages.)150 2192 y Ft(-i)384 b Fu(F)-8 b(orce)22
b(the)g(shell)f(to)g(run)f(in)m(teractiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)41
b(In)m(teractiv)m(e)23 b(shells)e(are)h(describ)s(ed)d(in)i(Section)h
-(6.3)630 2301 y([In)m(teractiv)m(e)33 b(Shells],)e(page)g(94.)150
+(6.3)630 2301 y([In)m(teractiv)m(e)33 b(Shells],)e(page)g(95.)150
2461 y Ft(-l)384 b Fu(Mak)m(e)33 b(this)e(shell)h(act)g(as)g(if)f(it)h
(had)f(b)s(een)f(directly)i(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(b)m(y)f(login.)44
b(When)31 b(the)h(shell)630 2570 y(is)37 b(in)m(teractiv)m(e,)43
2790 y(`)p Ft(exec)e(bash)h(-l)p Fu(')43 b(or)h(`)p Ft(exec)29
b(bash)g(--login)p Fu(')42 b(will)i(replace)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f(shell)
h(with)g(a)630 2899 y(Bash)26 b(login)g(shell.)39 b(See)26
-b(Section)g(6.2)h([Bash)e(Startup)g(Files],)j(page)e(93,)i(for)d(a)h
+b(Section)g(6.2)h([Bash)e(Startup)g(Files],)j(page)e(94,)i(for)d(a)h
(description)630 3009 y(of)31 b(the)f(sp)s(ecial)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(of)
f(a)h(login)g(shell.)150 3168 y Ft(-r)384 b Fu(Mak)m(e)54
b(the)e(shell)g(a)h(restricted)g(shell)f(\(see)h(Section)g(6.10)h([The)
-d(Restricted)j(Shell],)630 3278 y(page)31 b(105\).)150
+d(Restricted)j(Shell],)630 3278 y(page)31 b(107\).)150
3437 y Ft(-s)384 b Fu(If)24 b(this)h(option)h(is)f(presen)m(t,)h(or)f
(if)g(no)f(argumen)m(ts)i(remain)e(after)i(option)f(pro)s(cessing,)h
(then)630 3547 y(commands)i(are)h(read)g(from)f(the)h(standard)f
b(An)m(y)630 5340 y(argumen)m(ts)31 b(after)g(the)f Ft(--)g
Fu(are)h(treated)g(as)g(\014lenames)f(and)g(argumen)m(ts.)p
eop end
-%%Page: 93 99
-TeXDict begin 93 98 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(93)275 299 y(A)27 b
+%%Page: 94 100
+TeXDict begin 94 99 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(94)275 299 y(A)27 b
Fl(lo)-5 b(gin)35 b Fu(shell)27 b(is)g(one)h(whose)f(\014rst)f(c)m
(haracter)j(of)e(argumen)m(t)h(zero)f(is)h(`)p Ft(-)p
Fu(',)g(or)f(one)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(with)e(the)150
774 y(minals)g(\(as)g(determined)f(b)m(y)h Ft(isatty\(3\))p
Fu(\),)e(or)i(one)g(started)g(with)f(the)h Ft(-i)f Fu(option.)51
b(See)33 b(Section)i(6.3)150 884 y([In)m(teractiv)m(e)e(Shells],)e
-(page)g(94,)g(for)f(more)h(information.)275 1031 y(If)i(argumen)m(ts)h
+(page)g(95,)g(for)f(more)h(information.)275 1031 y(If)i(argumen)m(ts)h
(remain)g(after)h(option)f(pro)s(cessing,)h(and)e(neither)h(the)g
Ft(-c)g Fu(nor)f(the)h Ft(-s)g Fu(option)g(has)150 1140
y(b)s(een)44 b(supplied,)j(the)d(\014rst)g(argumen)m(t)h(is)g(assumed)e
(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(under)150 2326 y(Tilde)f(Expansion)g
(\(see)h(Section)h(3.5.2)g([Tilde)e(Expansion],)h(page)g(25\).)275
2473 y(In)m(teractiv)m(e)h(shells)f(are)g(describ)s(ed)e(in)h(Section)h
-(6.3)h([In)m(teractiv)m(e)h(Shells],)d(page)h(94.)150
+(6.3)h([In)m(teractiv)m(e)h(Shells],)d(page)h(95.)150
2684 y Fk(In)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)40 b(as)h(an)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)f(login)j
(shell,)g(or)g(with)e Fh(--login)150 2831 y Fu(When)c(Bash)f(is)h(in)m
(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(as)f(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(login)d(shell,)i(or)e(as)g
5340 y(v)-5 b(ariable)35 b Ft(BASH_ENV)d Fu(in)i(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m
(t,)h(expands)e(its)g(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(if)g(it)g(app)s(ears)e(there,)j
(and)e(uses)g(the)p eop end
-%%Page: 94 100
-TeXDict begin 94 99 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(94)150 299 y(expanded)30
+%%Page: 95 101
+TeXDict begin 95 100 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(95)150 299 y(expanded)30
b(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(as)h(the)g(name)f(of)h(a)f(\014le)h(to)g(read)f(and)
g(execute.)42 b(Bash)31 b(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)g(as)g(if)f(the)g(follo)m
(wing)150 408 y(command)g(w)m(ere)h(executed:)390 552
h(is)g(the)g(same,)i(but)d(the)150 5070 y(e\013ectiv)m(e)c(user)d(id)g
(is)g(not)h(reset.)150 5324 y Fs(6.3)68 b(In)l(teractiv)l(e)47
b(Shells)p eop end
-%%Page: 95 101
-TeXDict begin 95 100 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(95)150 299 y Fk(6.3.1)63
+%%Page: 96 102
+TeXDict begin 96 101 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(96)150 299 y Fk(6.3.1)63
b(What)40 b(is)h(an)g(In)m(teractiv)m(e)e(Shell?)150
446 y Fu(An)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)e(is)f(one)h(started)g(without)
f(non-option)g(argumen)m(ts)h(\(unless)f Ft(-s)g Fu(is)g(sp)s
(eha)m(vior)f(in)g(sev)m(eral)i(w)m(a)m(ys.)199 3330
y(1.)61 b(Startup)37 b(\014les)g(are)h(read)f(and)g(executed)h(as)f
(describ)s(ed)g(in)g(Section)h(6.2)g([Bash)g(Startup)e(Files],)330
-3440 y(page)31 b(93.)199 3579 y(2.)61 b(Job)32 b(Con)m(trol)h(\(see)g
-(Chapter)e(7)i([Job)f(Con)m(trol],)i(page)f(113\))h(is)e(enabled)g(b)m
+3440 y(page)31 b(94.)199 3579 y(2.)61 b(Job)32 b(Con)m(trol)h(\(see)g
+(Chapter)e(7)i([Job)f(Con)m(trol],)i(page)f(116\))h(is)e(enabled)g(b)m
(y)g(default.)46 b(When)32 b(job)330 3689 y(con)m(trol)j(is)f(in)f
(e\013ect,)k(Bash)d(ignores)g(the)g(k)m(eyb)s(oard-generated)h(job)e
(con)m(trol)i(signals)g Ft(SIGTTIN)p Fu(,)330 3798 y
b(expands)f(and)h(displa)m(ys)g Ft(PS0)f Fu(after)h(it)h(reads)f(a)g
(command)g(but)f(b)s(efore)h(executing)330 4266 y(it.)54
b(See)35 b(Section)h(6.9)f([Con)m(trolling)i(the)d(Prompt],)i(page)g
-(104,)h(for)d(a)h(complete)i(list)e(of)g(prompt)330 4375
+(105,)h(for)d(a)h(complete)i(list)e(of)g(prompt)330 4375
y(string)30 b(escap)s(e)h(sequences.)199 4514 y(4.)61
b(Bash)31 b(executes)i(the)e(v)-5 b(alues)32 b(of)g(the)f(set)h(elemen)
m(ts)g(of)g(the)f Ft(PROMPT_COMMAND)d Fu(arra)m(y)k(v)-5
b(ariable)32 b(as)330 4624 y(commands)27 b(b)s(efore)f(prin)m(ting)h
(the)g(primary)g(prompt,)g Ft($PS1)f Fu(\(see)i(Section)f(5.2)i([Bash)e
-(V)-8 b(ariables],)330 4733 y(page)31 b(78\).)199 4872
+(V)-8 b(ariables],)330 4733 y(page)31 b(79\).)199 4872
y(5.)61 b(Readline)27 b(\(see)g(Chapter)e(8)h([Command)g(Line)g
-(Editing],)h(page)g(117\))g(is)f(used)g(to)g(read)g(commands)330
+(Editing],)h(page)g(120\))g(is)f(used)g(to)g(read)g(commands)330
4982 y(from)k(the)g(user's)g(terminal.)199 5121 y(6.)61
b(Bash)36 b(insp)s(ects)g(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)f(the)g
Ft(ignoreeof)e Fu(option)j(to)g Ft(set)29 b(-o)36 b Fu(instead)h(of)f
Ft(EOF)f Fu(on)h(its)g(standard)f(input)g(when)h(reading)g(a)g(command)
g(\(see)330 5340 y(Section)31 b(4.3.1)h([The)e(Set)h(Builtin],)g(page)g
(67\).)p eop end
-%%Page: 96 102
-TeXDict begin 96 101 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(96)199 299 y(7.)61
+%%Page: 97 103
+TeXDict begin 97 102 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(97)199 299 y(7.)61
b(Command)43 b(history)h(\(see)h(Section)g(9.1)g([Bash)f(History)h(F)-8
-b(acilities],)51 b(page)45 b(152\))h(and)d(history)330
+b(acilities],)51 b(page)45 b(155\))h(and)d(history)330
408 y(expansion)h(\(see)i(Section)f(9.3)h([History)g(In)m(teraction],)k
-(page)45 b(154\))h(are)f(enabled)g(b)m(y)f(default.)330
+(page)45 b(157\))h(are)f(enabled)g(b)m(y)f(default.)330
518 y(Bash)28 b(will)g(sa)m(v)m(e)h(the)f(command)f(history)h(to)g(the)
g(\014le)g(named)f(b)m(y)h Ft($HISTFILE)d Fu(when)h(a)i(shell)g(with)
330 628 y(history)i(enabled)h(exits.)199 762 y(8.)61
b(Alias)31 b(expansion)g(\(see)g(Section)g(6.6)g([Aliases],)i(page)e
-(100\))h(is)e(p)s(erformed)f(b)m(y)h(default.)199 896
+(101\))h(is)e(p)s(erformed)f(b)m(y)h(default.)199 896
y(9.)61 b(In)24 b(the)g(absence)h(of)f(an)m(y)h(traps,)g(Bash)g
(ignores)f Ft(SIGTERM)f Fu(\(see)i(Section)g(3.7.6)h([Signals],)g(page)
f(45\).)154 1030 y(10.)61 b(In)29 b(the)g(absence)h(of)g(an)m(y)g
b(of)g(the)h Ft(MAIL)p Fu(,)e Ft(MAILPATH)p Fu(,)330
1871 y(and)f Ft(MAILCHECK)e Fu(shell)i(v)-5 b(ariables)31
b(\(see)h(Section)f(5.2)g([Bash)g(V)-8 b(ariables],)32
-b(page)f(78\).)154 2005 y(14.)61 b(Expansion)32 b(errors)h(due)f(to)i
+b(page)f(79\).)154 2005 y(14.)61 b(Expansion)32 b(errors)h(due)f(to)i
(references)f(to)h(un)m(b)s(ound)c(shell)j(v)-5 b(ariables)34
b(after)g(`)p Ft(set)29 b(-u)p Fu(')k(has)g(b)s(een)330
2114 y(enabled)d(will)h(not)g(cause)g(the)f(shell)h(to)g(exit)g(\(see)g
2626 y(17.)61 b(When)26 b(running)f(in)i Fm(posix)e Fu(mo)s(de,)j(a)f
(sp)s(ecial)g(builtin)f(returning)g(an)g(error)h(status)g(will)g(not)f
(cause)330 2736 y(the)31 b(shell)f(to)h(exit)h(\(see)f(Section)g(6.11)h
-([Bash)f(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g(106\).)154 2870 y(18.)61
+([Bash)f(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g(107\).)154 2870 y(18.)61
b(A)34 b(failed)g Ft(exec)f Fu(will)h(not)g(cause)g(the)g(shell)g(to)g
(exit)h(\(see)f(Section)h(4.1)g([Bourne)f(Shell)f(Builtins],)330
2980 y(page)e(48\).)154 3114 y(19.)61 b(P)m(arser)31
b(and)e(exit)h(if)g(a)g(command)f(is)h(not)330 3820 y(read)30
b(within)g(the)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(of)i(seconds)f
(after)g(prin)m(ting)g Ft($PS1)f Fu(\(see)i(Section)g(5.2)h([Bash)330
-3930 y(V)-8 b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(78\).)150 4170 y
+3930 y(V)-8 b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(79\).)150 4170 y
Fs(6.4)68 b(Bash)45 b(Conditional)h(Expressions)150 4329
y Fu(Conditional)25 b(expressions)f(are)g(used)g(b)m(y)g(the)g
Ft([[)g Fu(comp)s(ound)e(command)i(\(see)h(Section)g(3.2.5.2)i([Condi-)
b(\014les,)i(Bash)e(will)g(use)f(them;)k(otherwise)d(it)g(will)g(em)m
(ulate)h(them)f(in)m(ternally)h(with)e(this)h(b)s(eha)m(vior:)p
eop end
-%%Page: 97 103
-TeXDict begin 97 102 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(97)150 299 y(If)27
+%%Page: 98 104
+TeXDict begin 98 103 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(98)150 299 y(If)27
b(the)g Fr(\014le)33 b Fu(argumen)m(t)27 b(to)h(one)g(of)f(the)h
(primaries)f(is)g(of)h(the)f(form)g Ft(/dev/fd/)p Fj(N)p
Fu(,)e(then)i(\014le)h(descriptor)f Fr(N)150 408 y Fu(is)g(c)m(hec)m(k)
y Fu(T)-8 b(rue)30 b(if)g Fr(\014le1)38 b Fu(is)31 b(older)f(than)g
Fr(\014le2)p Fu(,)i(or)e(if)g Fr(\014le2)38 b Fu(exists)31
b(and)f Fr(\014le1)38 b Fu(do)s(es)30 b(not.)p eop end
-%%Page: 98 104
-TeXDict begin 98 103 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(98)150 299 y Ft(-o)30
+%%Page: 99 105
+TeXDict begin 99 104 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(99)150 299 y Ft(-o)30
b Fj(optname)630 408 y Fu(T)-8 b(rue)41 b(if)g(the)g(shell)h(option)f
Fr(optname)47 b Fu(is)41 b(enabled.)73 b(The)41 b(list)h(of)f(options)h
(app)s(ears)e(in)630 518 y(the)33 b(description)h(of)f(the)g
(tegers.)50 b(When)33 b(used)g(with)g(the)g Ft([[)g Fu(command,)630
3799 y Fr(Arg1)41 b Fu(and)33 b Fr(Arg2)41 b Fu(are)33
b(ev)-5 b(aluated)35 b(as)e(arithmetic)i(expressions)d(\(see)j(Section)
-f(6.5)g([Shell)630 3908 y(Arithmetic],)e(page)f(98\).)150
+f(6.5)g([Shell)630 3908 y(Arithmetic],)e(page)f(99\).)150
4145 y Fs(6.5)68 b(Shell)45 b(Arithmetic)150 4304 y Fu(The)26
b(shell)h(allo)m(ws)h(arithmetic)f(expressions)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(ev)-5
b(aluated,)29 b(as)d(one)h(of)g(the)g(shell)f(expansions)h(or)f(b)m(y)
b(pre-incremen)m(t)g(and)f(pre-decremen)m(t)150 5340
y Ft(-)g(+)354 b Fu(unary)29 b(min)m(us)h(and)g(plus)p
eop end
-%%Page: 99 105
-TeXDict begin 99 104 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2484 b(99)150 299 y Ft(!)30
+%%Page: 100 106
+TeXDict begin 100 105 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(100)150 299 y Ft(!)30
b(~)354 b Fu(logical)33 b(and)d(bit)m(wise)h(negation)150
482 y Ft(**)384 b Fu(exp)s(onen)m(tiation)150 664 y Ft(*)30
b(/)g(\045)276 b Fu(m)m(ultiplication,)33 b(division,)d(remainder)150
b Fu(bit)m(wise)31 b(exclusiv)m(e)h(OR)150 1944 y Ft(|)432
b Fu(bit)m(wise)31 b(OR)150 2126 y Ft(&&)384 b Fu(logical)33
b(AND)150 2309 y Ft(||)384 b Fu(logical)33 b(OR)150 2492
-y Ft(expr)c(?)h(expr)f(:)h(expr)630 2601 y Fu(conditional)i(op)s
-(erator)150 2784 y Ft(=)e(*=)g(/=)g(\045=)f(+=)h(-=)g(<<=)f(>>=)h(&=)g
-(^=)f(|=)630 2894 y Fu(assignmen)m(t)150 3076 y Ft(expr1)g(,)h(expr2)
-630 3186 y Fu(comma)275 3380 y(Shell)38 b(v)-5 b(ariables)39
-b(are)g(allo)m(w)m(ed)i(as)e(op)s(erands;)i(parameter)e(expansion)g(is)
-f(p)s(erformed)g(b)s(efore)g(the)150 3490 y(expression)g(is)g(ev)-5
-b(aluated.)66 b(Within)38 b(an)h(expression,)h(shell)e(v)-5
-b(ariables)39 b(ma)m(y)g(also)g(b)s(e)f(referenced)g(b)m(y)150
-3600 y(name)31 b(without)f(using)g(the)h(parameter)g(expansion)f(syn)m
-(tax.)42 b(A)31 b(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(that)f(is)f(n)m(ull)h(or)
-f(unset)150 3709 y(ev)-5 b(aluates)41 b(to)f(0)g(when)e(referenced)h(b)
-m(y)g(name)h(without)f(using)g(the)g(parameter)h(expansion)f(syn)m
-(tax.)150 3819 y(The)c(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)f(a)h(v)-5
-b(ariable)36 b(is)g(ev)-5 b(aluated)38 b(as)e(an)g(arithmetic)h
-(expression)f(when)f(it)h(is)g(referenced,)i(or)150 3928
-y(when)27 b(a)h(v)-5 b(ariable)29 b(whic)m(h)e(has)h(b)s(een)f(giv)m
-(en)i(the)f Ft(integer)e Fu(attribute)i(using)g(`)p Ft(declare)g(-i)p
+y Ft(expr)c(?)h(if-true-expr)d(:)j(if-false-expr)630
+2601 y Fu(conditional)i(op)s(erator)150 2784 y Ft(=)e(*=)g(/=)g(\045=)f
+(+=)h(-=)g(<<=)f(>>=)h(&=)g(^=)f(|=)630 2894 y Fu(assignmen)m(t)150
+3076 y Ft(expr1)g(,)h(expr2)630 3186 y Fu(comma)275 3380
+y(Shell)38 b(v)-5 b(ariables)39 b(are)g(allo)m(w)m(ed)i(as)e(op)s
+(erands;)i(parameter)e(expansion)g(is)f(p)s(erformed)g(b)s(efore)g(the)
+150 3490 y(expression)g(is)g(ev)-5 b(aluated.)66 b(Within)38
+b(an)h(expression,)h(shell)e(v)-5 b(ariables)39 b(ma)m(y)g(also)g(b)s
+(e)f(referenced)g(b)m(y)150 3600 y(name)31 b(without)f(using)g(the)h
+(parameter)g(expansion)f(syn)m(tax.)42 b(A)31 b(shell)f(v)-5
+b(ariable)32 b(that)f(is)f(n)m(ull)h(or)f(unset)150 3709
+y(ev)-5 b(aluates)41 b(to)f(0)g(when)e(referenced)h(b)m(y)g(name)h
+(without)f(using)g(the)g(parameter)h(expansion)f(syn)m(tax.)150
+3819 y(The)c(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)f(a)h(v)-5 b(ariable)36
+b(is)g(ev)-5 b(aluated)38 b(as)e(an)g(arithmetic)h(expression)f(when)f
+(it)h(is)g(referenced,)i(or)150 3928 y(when)27 b(a)h(v)-5
+b(ariable)29 b(whic)m(h)e(has)h(b)s(een)f(giv)m(en)i(the)f
+Ft(integer)e Fu(attribute)i(using)g(`)p Ft(declare)g(-i)p
Fu(')g(is)g(assigned)150 4038 y(a)33 b(v)-5 b(alue.)49
b(A)33 b(n)m(ull)g(v)-5 b(alue)34 b(ev)-5 b(aluates)34
b(to)g(0.)49 b(A)33 b(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(need)e(not)i(ha)m(v)m
(precedence.)85 b(Sub-expressions)44 b(in)g(paren)m(theses)i(are)150
5340 y(ev)-5 b(aluated)32 b(\014rst)d(and)h(ma)m(y)h(o)m(v)m(erride)g
(the)g(precedence)g(rules)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)p eop end
-%%Page: 100 106
-TeXDict begin 100 105 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(100)150 299 y Fs(6.6)68
-b(Aliases)150 458 y Fr(Aliases)41 b Fu(allo)m(w)d(a)f(string)f(to)h(b)s
-(e)f(substituted)g(for)g(a)g(w)m(ord)g(when)g(it)h(is)f(used)f(as)i
-(the)g(\014rst)e(w)m(ord)h(of)h(a)150 568 y(simple)32
-b(command.)45 b(The)31 b(shell)i(main)m(tains)f(a)h(list)f(of)g
-(aliases)i(that)e(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(set)h(and)g(unset)f(with)h(the)150
-677 y Ft(alias)d Fu(and)h Ft(unalias)e Fu(builtin)i(commands.)275
-810 y(The)f(\014rst)f(w)m(ord)i(of)f(eac)m(h)i(simple)f(command,)g(if)f
-(unquoted,)g(is)h(c)m(hec)m(k)m(ed)h(to)g(see)f(if)g(it)g(has)f(an)g
-(alias.)150 920 y(If)24 b(so,)i(that)g(w)m(ord)e(is)h(replaced)g(b)m(y)
-f(the)h(text)h(of)e(the)h(alias.)40 b(The)24 b(c)m(haracters)i(`)p
-Ft(/)p Fu(',)h(`)p Ft($)p Fu(',)f(`)p Ft(`)p Fu(',)g(`)p
-Ft(=)p Fu(')f(and)f(an)m(y)h(of)150 1030 y(the)e(shell)g(metac)m
-(haracters)i(or)e(quoting)g(c)m(haracters)h(listed)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)g
-(ma)m(y)f(not)g(app)s(ear)f(in)h(an)g(alias)h(name.)150
-1139 y(The)e(replacemen)m(t)h(text)g(ma)m(y)g(con)m(tain)h(an)m(y)e(v)
--5 b(alid)23 b(shell)f(input,)h(including)f(shell)g(metac)m(haracters.)
-40 b(The)150 1249 y(\014rst)35 b(w)m(ord)g(of)h(the)g(replacemen)m(t)i
-(text)e(is)g(tested)h(for)e(aliases,)k(but)c(a)h(w)m(ord)g(that)g(is)g
-(iden)m(tical)i(to)e(an)150 1358 y(alias)c(b)s(eing)f(expanded)f(is)h
-(not)g(expanded)f(a)h(second)g(time.)43 b(This)30 b(means)h(that)g(one)
-g(ma)m(y)h(alias)g Ft(ls)e Fu(to)150 1468 y Ft("ls)f(-F")p
-Fu(,)f(for)f(instance,)i(and)d(Bash)i(do)s(es)f(not)h(try)f(to)h
-(recursiv)m(ely)g(expand)e(the)i(replacemen)m(t)h(text.)40
-b(If)150 1578 y(the)30 b(last)h(c)m(haracter)g(of)g(the)f(alias)h(v)-5
-b(alue)30 b(is)g(a)g Ft(blank)p Fu(,)f(then)h(the)g(next)g(command)g(w)
-m(ord)f(follo)m(wing)j(the)150 1687 y(alias)g(is)e(also)h(c)m(hec)m(k)m
-(ed)i(for)d(alias)h(expansion.)275 1820 y(Aliases)e(are)f(created)i
-(and)d(listed)i(with)f(the)g Ft(alias)f Fu(command,)h(and)g(remo)m(v)m
-(ed)h(with)f(the)g Ft(unalias)150 1930 y Fu(command.)275
-2063 y(There)44 b(is)h(no)g(mec)m(hanism)g(for)f(using)h(argumen)m(ts)g
-(in)f(the)h(replacemen)m(t)i(text,)i(as)d(in)e Ft(csh)p
-Fu(.)83 b(If)150 2172 y(argumen)m(ts)31 b(are)f(needed,)h(use)f(a)h
-(shell)f(function)g(\(see)i(Section)f(3.3)g([Shell)g(F)-8
-b(unctions],)31 b(page)g(19\).)275 2305 y(Aliases)i(are)h(not)e
-(expanded)g(when)g(the)h(shell)g(is)g(not)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e,)j
-(unless)c(the)h Ft(expand_aliases)150 2415 y Fu(shell)e(option)f(is)h
-(set)g(using)f Ft(shopt)f Fu(\(see)i(Section)g(4.3.2)h([The)e(Shopt)g
-(Builtin],)h(page)g(71\).)275 2548 y(The)38 b(rules)h(concerning)h(the)
-f(de\014nition)g(and)g(use)g(of)g(aliases)i(are)e(somewhat)h
-(confusing.)67 b(Bash)150 2657 y(alw)m(a)m(ys)37 b(reads)f(at)h(least)g
-(one)f(complete)i(line)e(of)g(input,)h(and)e(all)i(lines)f(that)g(mak)m
-(e)h(up)e(a)h(comp)s(ound)150 2767 y(command,)29 b(b)s(efore)g
-(executing)i(an)m(y)e(of)h(the)f(commands)g(on)g(that)h(line)f(or)h
-(the)f(comp)s(ound)f(command.)150 2877 y(Aliases)g(are)g(expanded)e
-(when)g(a)i(command)f(is)g(read,)h(not)f(when)f(it)i(is)f(executed.)41
-b(Therefore,)28 b(an)f(alias)150 2986 y(de\014nition)36
-b(app)s(earing)h(on)f(the)h(same)g(line)g(as)g(another)g(command)f(do)s
-(es)g(not)h(tak)m(e)i(e\013ect)f(un)m(til)f(the)150 3096
-y(next)i(line)g(of)g(input)f(is)h(read.)66 b(The)38 b(commands)h(follo)
-m(wing)h(the)f(alias)h(de\014nition)e(on)h(that)g(line)h(are)150
-3205 y(not)33 b(a\013ected)h(b)m(y)f(the)g(new)f(alias.)49
-b(This)32 b(b)s(eha)m(vior)h(is)g(also)g(an)g(issue)g(when)e(functions)
-i(are)g(executed.)150 3315 y(Aliases)c(are)g(expanded)e(when)g(a)i
-(function)e(de\014nition)h(is)g(read,)h(not)f(when)g(the)g(function)g
-(is)g(executed,)150 3425 y(b)s(ecause)36 b(a)h(function)f(de\014nition)
-f(is)i(itself)g(a)f(command.)58 b(As)36 b(a)h(consequence,)h(aliases)g
-(de\014ned)d(in)h(a)150 3534 y(function)28 b(are)h(not)g(a)m(v)-5
+%%Page: 101 107
+TeXDict begin 101 106 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(101)150 299 y Fs(6.6)68
+b(Aliases)150 458 y Fr(Aliases)31 b Fu(allo)m(w)d(a)f(string)f(to)i(b)s
+(e)d(substituted)h(for)g(a)h(w)m(ord)f(that)h(is)g(in)f(a)h(p)s
+(osition)f(in)g(the)h(input)e(where)h(it)150 568 y(can)33
+b(b)s(e)e(the)i(\014rst)f(w)m(ord)g(of)g(a)h(simple)f(command.)47
+b(Aliases)34 b(ha)m(v)m(e)f(names)f(and)g(corresp)s(onding)g(v)-5
+b(alues)150 677 y(that)25 b(are)g(set)g(and)f(unset)g(using)g(the)h
+Ft(alias)e Fu(and)h Ft(unalias)f Fu(builtin)h(commands)g(\(see)i
+(Chapter)e(4)h([Shell)150 787 y(Builtin)31 b(Commands],)f(page)h(48\).)
+275 934 y(If)g(the)g(shell)h(reads)f(an)g(unquoted)g(w)m(ord)g(in)g
+(the)h(righ)m(t)g(p)s(osition,)g(it)g(c)m(hec)m(ks)h(the)f(w)m(ord)f
+(to)h(see)g(if)f(it)150 1044 y(matc)m(hes)h(an)f(alias)h(name.)43
+b(If)30 b(it)i(matc)m(hes,)g(the)f(shell)g(replaces)h(the)f(w)m(ord)g
+(with)f(the)i(alias)g(v)-5 b(alue,)32 b(and)150 1153
+y(reads)h(that)h(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(as)h(if)f(it)h(had)e(b)s(een)h(read)g
+(instead)g(of)h(the)f(w)m(ord.)49 b(The)33 b(shell)g(do)s(esn't)g(lo)s
+(ok)h(at)g(an)m(y)150 1263 y(c)m(haracters)e(follo)m(wing)g(the)e(w)m
+(ord)g(b)s(efore)g(attempting)i(alias)f(substitution.)275
+1410 y(The)d(c)m(haracters)i(`)p Ft(/)p Fu(',)f(`)p Ft($)p
+Fu(',)g(`)p Ft(`)p Fu(',)g(`)p Ft(=)p Fu(')g(and)f(an)m(y)h(of)g(the)f
+(shell)h(metac)m(haracters)i(or)e(quoting)f(c)m(haracters)150
+1519 y(listed)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)h(ma)m(y)f(not)g(app)s(ear)f(in)g(an)g
+(alias)i(name.)40 b(The)27 b(replacemen)m(t)i(text)g(ma)m(y)f(con)m
+(tain)h(an)m(y)f(v)-5 b(alid)150 1629 y(shell)28 b(input,)g(including)g
+(shell)g(metac)m(haracters.)42 b(The)28 b(\014rst)f(w)m(ord)h(of)g(the)
+g(replacemen)m(t)i(text)f(is)f(tested)150 1738 y(for)e(aliases,)j(but)d
+(a)h(w)m(ord)f(that)h(is)g(iden)m(tical)h(to)f(an)g(alias)g(b)s(eing)f
+(expanded)g(is)h(not)f(expanded)g(a)h(second)150 1848
+y(time.)41 b(This)28 b(means)h(that)g(one)g(ma)m(y)h(alias)g
+Ft(ls)e Fu(to)i Ft("ls)f(-F")p Fu(,)g(for)f(instance,)j(and)d(Bash)h
+(do)s(es)f(not)h(try)g(to)150 1958 y(recursiv)m(ely)i(expand)f(the)g
+(replacemen)m(t)i(text.)275 2104 y(If)25 b(the)i(last)g(c)m(haracter)h
+(of)e(the)g(alias)i(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(is)h(a)f Ft(blank)p
+Fu(,)g(then)g(the)g(next)h(command)f(w)m(ord)f(follo)m(wing)150
+2214 y(the)31 b(alias)g(is)g(also)g(c)m(hec)m(k)m(ed)h(for)e(alias)i
+(expansion.)275 2361 y(Aliases)d(are)f(created)i(and)d(listed)i(with)f
+(the)g Ft(alias)f Fu(command,)h(and)g(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(with)f(the)g
+Ft(unalias)150 2471 y Fu(command.)275 2617 y(There)44
+b(is)h(no)g(mec)m(hanism)g(for)f(using)h(argumen)m(ts)g(in)f(the)h
+(replacemen)m(t)i(text,)i(as)d(in)e Ft(csh)p Fu(.)83
+b(If)150 2727 y(argumen)m(ts)44 b(are)g(needed,)j(use)d(a)g(shell)g
+(function)g(\(see)g(Section)h(3.3)g([Shell)f(F)-8 b(unctions],)48
+b(page)d(19\))150 2837 y(instead.)275 2984 y(Aliases)33
+b(are)h(not)e(expanded)g(when)g(the)h(shell)g(is)g(not)g(in)m(teractiv)
+m(e,)j(unless)c(the)h Ft(expand_aliases)150 3093 y Fu(shell)e(option)f
+(is)h(set)g(using)f Ft(shopt)f Fu(\(see)i(Section)g(4.3.2)h([The)e
+(Shopt)g(Builtin],)h(page)g(71\).)275 3240 y(The)38 b(rules)h
+(concerning)h(the)f(de\014nition)g(and)g(use)g(of)g(aliases)i(are)e
+(somewhat)h(confusing.)67 b(Bash)150 3350 y(alw)m(a)m(ys)37
+b(reads)f(at)h(least)g(one)f(complete)i(line)e(of)g(input,)h(and)e(all)
+i(lines)f(that)g(mak)m(e)h(up)e(a)h(comp)s(ound)150 3459
+y(command,)29 b(b)s(efore)g(executing)i(an)m(y)e(of)h(the)f(commands)g
+(on)g(that)h(line)f(or)h(the)f(comp)s(ound)f(command.)150
+3569 y(Aliases)g(are)g(expanded)e(when)g(a)i(command)f(is)g(read,)h
+(not)f(when)f(it)i(is)f(executed.)41 b(Therefore,)28
+b(an)f(alias)150 3678 y(de\014nition)36 b(app)s(earing)h(on)f(the)h
+(same)g(line)g(as)g(another)g(command)f(do)s(es)g(not)h(tak)m(e)i
+(e\013ect)f(un)m(til)f(the)150 3788 y(next)i(line)g(of)g(input)f(is)h
+(read.)66 b(The)38 b(commands)h(follo)m(wing)h(the)f(alias)h
+(de\014nition)e(on)h(that)g(line)h(are)150 3898 y(not)33
+b(a\013ected)h(b)m(y)f(the)g(new)f(alias.)49 b(This)32
+b(b)s(eha)m(vior)h(is)g(also)g(an)g(issue)g(when)e(functions)i(are)g
+(executed.)150 4007 y(Aliases)c(are)g(expanded)e(when)g(a)i(function)e
+(de\014nition)h(is)g(read,)h(not)f(when)g(the)g(function)g(is)g
+(executed,)150 4117 y(b)s(ecause)36 b(a)h(function)f(de\014nition)f(is)
+i(itself)g(a)f(command.)58 b(As)36 b(a)h(consequence,)h(aliases)g
+(de\014ned)d(in)h(a)150 4226 y(function)28 b(are)h(not)g(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)31 b(un)m(til)e(after)g(that)g(function)f(is)g(executed.)41
b(T)-8 b(o)29 b(b)s(e)f(safe,)i(alw)m(a)m(ys)g(put)e(alias)150
-3644 y(de\014nitions)i(on)g(a)h(separate)g(line,)g(and)f(do)g(not)h
+4336 y(de\014nitions)i(on)g(a)h(separate)g(line,)g(and)f(do)g(not)h
(use)f Ft(alias)f Fu(in)h(comp)s(ound)f(commands.)275
-3777 y(F)-8 b(or)31 b(almost)g(ev)m(ery)g(purp)s(ose,)e(shell)i
+4483 y(F)-8 b(or)31 b(almost)g(ev)m(ery)g(purp)s(ose,)e(shell)i
(functions)f(are)g(preferred)g(o)m(v)m(er)h(aliases.)150
-4014 y Fs(6.7)68 b(Arra)l(ys)150 4174 y Fu(Bash)33 b(pro)m(vides)g
+4742 y Fs(6.7)68 b(Arra)l(ys)150 4902 y Fu(Bash)33 b(pro)m(vides)g
(one-dimensional)g(indexed)f(and)h(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)i(arra)m(y)e(v)-5
b(ariables.)49 b(An)m(y)33 b(v)-5 b(ariable)33 b(ma)m(y)150
-4283 y(b)s(e)e(used)h(as)g(an)g(indexed)f(arra)m(y;)j(the)e
+5011 y(b)s(e)e(used)h(as)g(an)g(indexed)f(arra)m(y;)j(the)e
Ft(declare)e Fu(builtin)h(will)i(explicitly)g(declare)g(an)f(arra)m(y)
--8 b(.)46 b(There)32 b(is)150 4393 y(no)h(maxim)m(um)g(limit)h(on)f
+-8 b(.)46 b(There)32 b(is)150 5121 y(no)h(maxim)m(um)g(limit)h(on)f
(the)g(size)h(of)g(an)f(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)35 b(nor)d(an)m(y)i(requiremen)
-m(t)f(that)h(mem)m(b)s(ers)e(b)s(e)g(indexed)150 4503
+m(t)f(that)h(mem)m(b)s(ers)e(b)s(e)g(indexed)150 5230
y(or)26 b(assigned)h(con)m(tiguously)-8 b(.)41 b(Indexed)25
b(arra)m(ys)i(are)f(referenced)g(using)g(in)m(tegers)i(\(including)e
-(arithmetic)150 4612 y(expressions)38 b(\(see)h(Section)g(6.5)h([Shell)
-e(Arithmetic],)k(page)d(98\)\))h(and)d(are)i(zero-based;)k(asso)s
-(ciativ)m(e)150 4722 y(arra)m(ys)37 b(use)f(arbitrary)g(strings.)59
-b(Unless)36 b(otherwise)h(noted,)h(indexed)e(arra)m(y)h(indices)f(m)m
-(ust)g(b)s(e)g(non-)150 4831 y(negativ)m(e)d(in)m(tegers.)275
-4964 y(An)26 b(indexed)h(arra)m(y)h(is)f(created)h(automatically)j(if)c
-(an)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)28 b(is)g(assigned)f(to)h(using)f(the)g(syn)m
-(tax)390 5097 y Fj(name)p Ft([)p Fj(subscript)p Ft(]=)p
-Fj(value)150 5230 y Fu(The)34 b Fr(subscript)h Fu(is)g(treated)g(as)g
-(an)f(arithmetic)i(expression)e(that)h(m)m(ust)g(ev)-5
-b(aluate)36 b(to)f(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er.)51 b(T)-8 b(o)150
-5340 y(explicitly)32 b(declare)f(an)g(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)31
-b(use)p eop end
-%%Page: 101 107
-TeXDict begin 101 106 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(101)390 299 y Ft(declare)46
-b(-a)h Fj(name)150 438 y Fu(The)30 b(syn)m(tax)390 577
-y Ft(declare)46 b(-a)h Fj(name)p Ft([)p Fj(subscript)p
-Ft(])150 715 y Fu(is)30 b(also)i(accepted;)g(the)e Fr(subscript)h
-Fu(is)g(ignored.)150 854 y(Asso)s(ciativ)m(e)i(arra)m(ys)d(are)h
-(created)h(using)390 993 y Ft(declare)46 b(-A)h Fj(name)275
-1132 y Fu(A)m(ttributes)f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(for)h(an)g
+(arithmetic)150 5340 y(expressions)38 b(\(see)h(Section)g(6.5)h([Shell)
+e(Arithmetic],)k(page)d(99\)\))h(and)d(are)i(zero-based;)k(asso)s
+(ciativ)m(e)p eop end
+%%Page: 102 108
+TeXDict begin 102 107 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(102)150 299 y(arra)m(ys)37
+b(use)f(arbitrary)g(strings.)59 b(Unless)36 b(otherwise)h(noted,)h
+(indexed)e(arra)m(y)h(indices)f(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)g(non-)150
+408 y(negativ)m(e)d(in)m(tegers.)275 541 y(An)26 b(indexed)h(arra)m(y)h
+(is)f(created)h(automatically)j(if)c(an)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)28
+b(is)g(assigned)f(to)h(using)f(the)g(syn)m(tax)390 674
+y Fj(name)p Ft([)p Fj(subscript)p Ft(]=)p Fj(value)150
+806 y Fu(The)34 b Fr(subscript)h Fu(is)g(treated)g(as)g(an)f
+(arithmetic)i(expression)e(that)h(m)m(ust)g(ev)-5 b(aluate)36
+b(to)f(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er.)51 b(T)-8 b(o)150 916 y(explicitly)32
+b(declare)f(an)g(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)31 b(use)390 1049 y
+Ft(declare)46 b(-a)h Fj(name)150 1181 y Fu(The)30 b(syn)m(tax)390
+1314 y Ft(declare)46 b(-a)h Fj(name)p Ft([)p Fj(subscript)p
+Ft(])150 1447 y Fu(is)30 b(also)i(accepted;)g(the)e Fr(subscript)h
+Fu(is)g(ignored.)150 1579 y(Asso)s(ciativ)m(e)i(arra)m(ys)d(are)h
+(created)h(using)390 1712 y Ft(declare)46 b(-A)h Fj(name)275
+1845 y Fu(A)m(ttributes)f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(for)h(an)g
(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)47 b(using)e(the)h Ft(declare)e
-Fu(and)h Ft(readonly)150 1241 y Fu(builtins.)40 b(Eac)m(h)31
+Fu(and)h Ft(readonly)150 1954 y Fu(builtins.)40 b(Eac)m(h)31
b(attribute)g(applies)g(to)g(all)g(mem)m(b)s(ers)f(of)g(an)h(arra)m(y)
--8 b(.)275 1380 y(Arra)m(ys)30 b(are)h(assigned)f(to)h(using)f(comp)s
-(ound)f(assignmen)m(ts)i(of)g(the)f(form)390 1519 y Fj(name)p
-Ft(=\()p Fj(value1)44 b(value2)j Ft(...)f(\))150 1658
+-8 b(.)275 2087 y(Arra)m(ys)30 b(are)h(assigned)f(to)h(using)f(comp)s
+(ound)f(assignmen)m(ts)i(of)g(the)f(form)390 2220 y Fj(name)p
+Ft(=\()p Fj(value1)44 b(value2)j Ft(...)f(\))150 2352
y Fu(where)33 b(eac)m(h)i Fr(v)-5 b(alue)40 b Fu(ma)m(y)34
b(b)s(e)g(of)g(the)g(form)f Ft([)p Fj(subscript)p Ft(]=)p
Fr(string)p Fu(.)48 b(Indexed)33 b(arra)m(y)h(assignmen)m(ts)h(do)150
-1767 y(not)26 b(require)f(an)m(ything)g(but)g Fr(string)p
+2462 y(not)26 b(require)f(an)m(ything)g(but)g Fr(string)p
Fu(.)39 b(When)25 b(assigning)h(to)g(indexed)f(arra)m(ys,)i(if)e(the)h
-(optional)g(subscript)150 1877 y(is)h(supplied,)f(that)h(index)g(is)f
+(optional)g(subscript)150 2571 y(is)h(supplied,)f(that)h(index)g(is)f
(assigned)h(to;)i(otherwise)e(the)g(index)g(of)f(the)h(elemen)m(t)i
-(assigned)d(is)h(the)g(last)150 1987 y(index)j(assigned)h(to)g(b)m(y)f
+(assigned)d(is)h(the)g(last)150 2681 y(index)j(assigned)h(to)g(b)m(y)f
(the)g(statemen)m(t)j(plus)c(one.)41 b(Indexing)30 b(starts)h(at)g
-(zero.)275 2125 y(Eac)m(h)26 b Fr(v)-5 b(alue)32 b Fu(in)26
-b(the)h(list)g(undergo)s(es)e(all)i(the)g(shell)f(expansions)g(describ)
-s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(\(see)f(Section)g(3.5)150 2235
-y([Shell)j(Expansions],)h(page)g(24\).)275 2374 y(When)k(assigning)i
-(to)g(an)f(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)i(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)39 b(the)d(w)m(ords)f
-(in)h(a)h(comp)s(ound)d(assignmen)m(t)j(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)150
-2483 y(either)31 b(assignmen)m(t)h(statemen)m(ts,)h(for)e(whic)m(h)g
-(the)g(subscript)f(is)h(required,)g(or)g(a)g(list)h(of)f(w)m(ords)f
-(that)i(is)150 2593 y(in)m(terpreted)g(as)g(a)g(sequence)f(of)h
-(alternating)h(k)m(eys)f(and)f(v)-5 b(alues:)44 b Fr(name)5
-b Fu(=\()p Fr(k)m(ey1)40 b(v)-5 b(alue1)40 b(k)m(ey2)g(v)-5
-b(alue2)156 2703 y Fu(.)22 b(.)g(.)47 b(\).)57 b(These)35
-b(are)i(treated)f(iden)m(tically)i(to)e Fr(name)5 b Fu(=\()36
-b([)p Fr(k)m(ey1)7 b Fu(]=)p Fr(v)-5 b(alue1)46 b Fu([)p
-Fr(k)m(ey2)7 b Fu(]=)p Fr(v)-5 b(alue2)51 b Fu(.)22 b(.)h(.)46
-b(\).)57 b(The)150 2812 y(\014rst)25 b(w)m(ord)f(in)h(the)h(list)g
-(determines)f(ho)m(w)g(the)h(remaining)f(w)m(ords)g(are)h(in)m
-(terpreted;)h(all)f(assignmen)m(ts)g(in)150 2922 y(a)31
-b(list)f(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)e(of)h(the)h(same)f(t)m(yp)s(e.)41
-b(When)30 b(using)g(k)m(ey/v)-5 b(alue)32 b(pairs,)e(the)g(k)m(eys)h
-(ma)m(y)g(not)f(b)s(e)g(missing)150 3031 y(or)g(empt)m(y;)h(a)g
-(\014nal)f(missing)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)g(treated)g(lik)m(e)h(the)e
-(empt)m(y)h(string.)275 3170 y(This)f(syn)m(tax)j(is)e(also)i(accepted)
-g(b)m(y)f(the)f Ft(declare)f Fu(builtin.)44 b(Individual)31
-b(arra)m(y)h(elemen)m(ts)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)150 3280 y(assigned)e(to)g
-(using)f(the)g Fj(name)p Ft([)p Fj(subscript)p Ft(]=)p
-Fj(value)25 b Fu(syn)m(tax)31 b(in)m(tro)s(duced)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)275
-3419 y(When)h(assigning)h(to)h(an)e(indexed)g(arra)m(y)-8
+(zero.)275 2814 y(Eac)m(h)36 b Fr(v)-5 b(alue)41 b Fu(in)35
+b(the)h(list)h(undergo)s(es)d(the)i(shell)g(expansions)f(describ)s(ed)g
+(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(\(see)f(Section)h(3.5)150 2923 y([Shell)e
+(Expansions],)g(page)g(24\),)i(but)d Fr(v)-5 b(alue)5
+b Fu(s)35 b(that)g(are)g(v)-5 b(alid)35 b(v)-5 b(ariable)35
+b(assignmen)m(ts)h(including)e(the)150 3033 y(brac)m(k)m(ets)22
+b(and)e(subscript)f(do)h(not)h(undergo)f(brace)h(expansion)f(and)g(w)m
+(ord)g(splitting,)k(as)c(with)h(individual)150 3142 y(v)-5
+b(ariable)31 b(assignmen)m(ts.)275 3275 y(When)k(assigning)i(to)g(an)f
+(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)i(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)39 b(the)d(w)m(ords)f(in)h(a)h
+(comp)s(ound)d(assignmen)m(t)j(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)150 3385
+y(either)31 b(assignmen)m(t)h(statemen)m(ts,)h(for)e(whic)m(h)g(the)g
+(subscript)f(is)h(required,)g(or)g(a)g(list)h(of)f(w)m(ords)f(that)i
+(is)150 3494 y(in)m(terpreted)g(as)g(a)g(sequence)f(of)h(alternating)h
+(k)m(eys)f(and)f(v)-5 b(alues:)44 b Fr(name)5 b Fu(=\()p
+Fr(k)m(ey1)40 b(v)-5 b(alue1)40 b(k)m(ey2)g(v)-5 b(alue2)156
+3604 y Fu(.)22 b(.)g(.)47 b(\).)57 b(These)35 b(are)i(treated)f(iden)m
+(tically)i(to)e Fr(name)5 b Fu(=\()36 b([)p Fr(k)m(ey1)7
+b Fu(]=)p Fr(v)-5 b(alue1)46 b Fu([)p Fr(k)m(ey2)7 b
+Fu(]=)p Fr(v)-5 b(alue2)51 b Fu(.)22 b(.)h(.)46 b(\).)57
+b(The)150 3713 y(\014rst)25 b(w)m(ord)f(in)h(the)h(list)g(determines)f
+(ho)m(w)g(the)h(remaining)f(w)m(ords)g(are)h(in)m(terpreted;)h(all)f
+(assignmen)m(ts)g(in)150 3823 y(a)31 b(list)f(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)e(of)h
+(the)h(same)f(t)m(yp)s(e.)41 b(When)30 b(using)g(k)m(ey/v)-5
+b(alue)32 b(pairs,)e(the)g(k)m(eys)h(ma)m(y)g(not)f(b)s(e)g(missing)150
+3933 y(or)g(empt)m(y;)h(a)g(\014nal)f(missing)g(v)-5
+b(alue)31 b(is)g(treated)g(lik)m(e)h(the)e(empt)m(y)h(string.)275
+4065 y(This)f(syn)m(tax)j(is)e(also)i(accepted)g(b)m(y)f(the)f
+Ft(declare)f Fu(builtin.)44 b(Individual)31 b(arra)m(y)h(elemen)m(ts)h
+(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)150 4175 y(assigned)e(to)g(using)f(the)g
+Fj(name)p Ft([)p Fj(subscript)p Ft(]=)p Fj(value)25 b
+Fu(syn)m(tax)31 b(in)m(tro)s(duced)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)275
+4308 y(When)h(assigning)h(to)h(an)e(indexed)g(arra)m(y)-8
b(,)32 b(if)f Fr(name)36 b Fu(is)31 b(subscripted)e(b)m(y)i(a)g
-(negativ)m(e)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)c(that)150 3528 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)43
+(negativ)m(e)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)c(that)150 4417 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)43
b(is)h(in)m(terpreted)h(as)f(relativ)m(e)j(to)e(one)f(greater)i(than)e
(the)g(maxim)m(um)g(index)g(of)h Fr(name)p Fu(,)j(so)150
-3638 y(negativ)m(e)30 b(indices)d(coun)m(t)h(bac)m(k)g(from)f(the)g
+4527 y(negativ)m(e)30 b(indices)d(coun)m(t)h(bac)m(k)g(from)f(the)g
(end)g(of)g(the)h(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)29 b(and)e(an)g(index)g(of)g(-1)h
-(references)g(the)f(last)150 3747 y(elemen)m(t.)275 3886
+(references)g(the)f(last)150 4636 y(elemen)m(t.)275 4769
y(The)j(`)p Ft(+=)p Fu(')g(op)s(erator)h(will)g(app)s(end)e(to)i(an)g
(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(when)d(assigning)i(using)g(the)f(comp)s
-(ound)150 3996 y(assignmen)m(t)h(syn)m(tax;)g(see)g(Section)g(3.4)h
+(ound)150 4879 y(assignmen)m(t)h(syn)m(tax;)g(see)g(Section)g(3.4)h
([Shell)e(P)m(arameters],)i(page)g(21,)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)275
-4134 y(An)m(y)d(elemen)m(t)h(of)g(an)f(arra)m(y)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f
+5011 y(An)m(y)d(elemen)m(t)h(of)g(an)f(arra)m(y)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f
(referenced)g(using)g Ft(${)p Fj(name)p Ft([)p Fj(subscript)p
-Ft(]})p Fu(.)35 b(The)27 b(braces)i(are)150 4244 y(required)f(to)j(a)m
+Ft(]})p Fu(.)35 b(The)27 b(braces)i(are)150 5121 y(required)f(to)j(a)m
(v)m(oid)f(con\015icts)g(with)f(the)h(shell's)f(\014lename)h(expansion)
f(op)s(erators.)41 b(If)28 b(the)i Fr(subscript)g Fu(is)150
-4354 y(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')f(or)h(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(',)f(the)h(w)m(ord)f
+5230 y(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')f(or)h(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(',)f(the)h(w)m(ord)f
(expands)f(to)i(all)g(mem)m(b)s(ers)e(of)i(the)f(arra)m(y)h
Fr(name)p Fu(.)40 b(These)29 b(subscripts)f(di\013er)h(only)150
-4463 y(when)36 b(the)g(w)m(ord)g(app)s(ears)g(within)g(double)g
+5340 y(when)36 b(the)g(w)m(ord)g(app)s(ears)g(within)g(double)g
(quotes.)60 b(If)36 b(the)h(w)m(ord)f(is)g(double-quoted,)j
-Ft(${)p Fj(name)p Ft([*]})150 4573 y Fu(expands)25 b(to)h(a)g(single)h
-(w)m(ord)e(with)g(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(of)g(eac)m(h)h(arra)m(y)f(mem)
-m(b)s(er)f(separated)h(b)m(y)g(the)f(\014rst)g(c)m(harac-)150
-4682 y(ter)j(of)g(the)h Ft(IFS)e Fu(v)-5 b(ariable,)29
-b(and)f Ft(${)p Fj(name)p Ft([@]})d Fu(expands)i(eac)m(h)i(elemen)m(t)h
-(of)e Fr(name)33 b Fu(to)c(a)f(separate)h(w)m(ord.)150
-4792 y(When)j(there)h(are)f(no)g(arra)m(y)h(mem)m(b)s(ers,)f
-Ft(${)p Fj(name)p Ft([@]})e Fu(expands)h(to)i(nothing.)47
-b(If)31 b(the)i(double-quoted)150 4902 y(expansion)39
-b(o)s(ccurs)h(within)f(a)h(w)m(ord,)i(the)d(expansion)h(of)g(the)f
-(\014rst)g(parameter)h(is)g(joined)f(with)h(the)150 5011
-y(b)s(eginning)29 b(part)g(of)h(the)f(original)i(w)m(ord,)e(and)g(the)h
-(expansion)f(of)h(the)f(last)i(parameter)e(is)h(joined)f(with)150
-5121 y(the)g(last)h(part)f(of)g(the)g(original)h(w)m(ord.)40
+Ft(${)p Fj(name)p Ft([*]})p eop end
+%%Page: 103 109
+TeXDict begin 103 108 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(103)150 299 y(expands)25
+b(to)h(a)g(single)h(w)m(ord)e(with)g(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)26
+b(of)g(eac)m(h)h(arra)m(y)f(mem)m(b)s(er)f(separated)h(b)m(y)g(the)f
+(\014rst)g(c)m(harac-)150 408 y(ter)j(of)g(the)h Ft(IFS)e
+Fu(v)-5 b(ariable,)29 b(and)f Ft(${)p Fj(name)p Ft([@]})d
+Fu(expands)i(eac)m(h)i(elemen)m(t)h(of)e Fr(name)33 b
+Fu(to)c(a)f(separate)h(w)m(ord.)150 518 y(When)j(there)h(are)f(no)g
+(arra)m(y)h(mem)m(b)s(ers,)f Ft(${)p Fj(name)p Ft([@]})e
+Fu(expands)h(to)i(nothing.)47 b(If)31 b(the)i(double-quoted)150
+628 y(expansion)39 b(o)s(ccurs)h(within)f(a)h(w)m(ord,)i(the)d
+(expansion)h(of)g(the)f(\014rst)g(parameter)h(is)g(joined)f(with)h(the)
+150 737 y(b)s(eginning)29 b(part)g(of)h(the)f(original)i(w)m(ord,)e
+(and)g(the)h(expansion)f(of)h(the)f(last)i(parameter)e(is)h(joined)f
+(with)150 847 y(the)g(last)h(part)f(of)g(the)g(original)h(w)m(ord.)40
b(This)28 b(is)h(analogous)h(to)f(the)h(expansion)e(of)h(the)g(sp)s
-(ecial)h(param-)150 5230 y(eters)g(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')f(and)g(`)p
+(ecial)h(param-)150 956 y(eters)g(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')f(and)g(`)p
Ft(*)p Fu('.)41 b Ft(${#)p Fj(name)p Ft([)p Fj(subscript)p
Ft(]})24 b Fu(expands)k(to)i(the)g(length)g(of)f Ft(${)p
Fj(name)p Ft([)p Fj(subscript)p Ft(]})p Fu(.)35 b(If)150
-5340 y Fr(subscript)28 b Fu(is)g(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')f(or)h(`)p
+1066 y Fr(subscript)28 b Fu(is)g(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')f(or)h(`)p
Ft(*)p Fu(',)g(the)g(expansion)f(is)g(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i
(elemen)m(ts)g(in)f(the)h(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)41 b(If)27
-b(the)g Fr(subscript)p eop end
-%%Page: 102 108
-TeXDict begin 102 107 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(102)150 299 y(used)34
-b(to)h(reference)g(an)f(elemen)m(t)i(of)f(an)f(indexed)g(arra)m(y)h(ev)
--5 b(aluates)36 b(to)f(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(less)i(than)f(zero,)i(it)
-150 408 y(is)c(in)m(terpreted)h(as)f(relativ)m(e)i(to)f(one)f(greater)h
+b(the)g Fr(subscript)150 1176 y Fu(used)34 b(to)h(reference)g(an)f
+(elemen)m(t)i(of)f(an)f(indexed)g(arra)m(y)h(ev)-5 b(aluates)36
+b(to)f(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(less)i(than)f(zero,)i(it)150
+1285 y(is)c(in)m(terpreted)h(as)f(relativ)m(e)i(to)f(one)f(greater)h
(than)f(the)h(maxim)m(um)f(index)f(of)h(the)h(arra)m(y)-8
-b(,)33 b(so)g(negativ)m(e)150 518 y(indices)d(coun)m(t)h(bac)m(k)h
+b(,)33 b(so)g(negativ)m(e)150 1395 y(indices)d(coun)m(t)h(bac)m(k)h
(from)e(the)g(end)g(of)g(the)h(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)31 b(and)f(an)g(index)g
(of)h(-1)g(refers)f(to)h(the)g(last)g(elemen)m(t.)275
-675 y(Referencing)41 b(an)f(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)42
+1544 y(Referencing)41 b(an)f(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)42
b(without)e(a)h(subscript)e(is)i(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)42
-b(to)f(referencing)g(with)g(a)150 785 y(subscript)35
+b(to)f(referencing)g(with)g(a)150 1653 y(subscript)35
b(of)h(0.)57 b(An)m(y)36 b(reference)g(to)h(a)f(v)-5
b(ariable)36 b(using)g(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)36 b(subscript)f(is)h(legal,)j
-(and)c Ft(bash)g Fu(will)150 894 y(create)d(an)e(arra)m(y)h(if)f
-(necessary)-8 b(.)275 1051 y(An)35 b(arra)m(y)i(v)-5
+(and)c Ft(bash)g Fu(will)150 1763 y(create)d(an)e(arra)m(y)h(if)f
+(necessary)-8 b(.)275 1912 y(An)35 b(arra)m(y)i(v)-5
b(ariable)37 b(is)g(considered)f(set)h(if)f(a)h(subscript)e(has)h(b)s
(een)g(assigned)g(a)h(v)-5 b(alue.)59 b(The)36 b(n)m(ull)150
-1161 y(string)30 b(is)h(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)30 b(v)-5 b(alue.)275
-1317 y(It)29 b(is)h(p)s(ossible)f(to)h(obtain)g(the)f(k)m(eys)i
+2021 y(string)30 b(is)h(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)30 b(v)-5 b(alue.)275
+2170 y(It)29 b(is)h(p)s(ossible)f(to)h(obtain)g(the)f(k)m(eys)i
(\(indices\))f(of)f(an)h(arra)m(y)g(as)f(w)m(ell)i(as)f(the)f(v)-5
b(alues.)41 b($)p Fi({)p Fu(!)p Fr(name)5 b Fu([@])p
-Fi(})150 1427 y Fu(and)39 b($)p Fi({)p Fu(!)p Fr(name)5
+Fi(})150 2280 y Fu(and)39 b($)p Fi({)p Fu(!)p Fr(name)5
b Fu([*])p Fi(})43 b Fu(expand)c(to)i(the)f(indices)h(assigned)f(in)g
(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b Fr(name)p Fu(.)70 b(The)39
-b(treatmen)m(t)150 1537 y(when)i(in)g(double)g(quotes)h(is)f(similar)h
+b(treatmen)m(t)150 2389 y(when)i(in)g(double)g(quotes)h(is)f(similar)h
(to)h(the)e(expansion)h(of)f(the)h(sp)s(ecial)g(parameters)g(`)p
-Ft(@)p Fu(')g(and)f(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(')150 1646 y(within)30
-b(double)g(quotes.)275 1803 y(The)25 b Ft(unset)g Fu(builtin)g(is)h
+Ft(@)p Fu(')g(and)f(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(')150 2499 y(within)30
+b(double)g(quotes.)275 2648 y(The)25 b Ft(unset)g Fu(builtin)g(is)h
(used)f(to)i(destro)m(y)f(arra)m(ys.)40 b Ft(unset)29
b Fj(name)p Ft([)p Fj(subscript)p Ft(])22 b Fu(destro)m(ys)k(the)g
-(arra)m(y)150 1913 y(elemen)m(t)40 b(at)e(index)g Fr(subscript)p
+(arra)m(y)150 2757 y(elemen)m(t)40 b(at)e(index)g Fr(subscript)p
Fu(.)62 b(Negativ)m(e)41 b(subscripts)c(to)i(indexed)e(arra)m(ys)i(are)
-f(in)m(terpreted)h(as)f(de-)150 2022 y(scrib)s(ed)30
+f(in)m(terpreted)h(as)f(de-)150 2867 y(scrib)s(ed)30
b(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)42 b(Unsetting)31 b(the)g(last)g(elemen)m(t)h(of)f
(an)g(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(do)s(es)f(not)h(unset)f(the)h(v)-5
-b(ariable.)150 2132 y Ft(unset)29 b Fj(name)p Fu(,)39
+b(ariable.)150 2977 y Ft(unset)29 b Fj(name)p Fu(,)39
b(where)e Fr(name)43 b Fu(is)37 b(an)h(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)41
b(remo)m(v)m(es)e(the)f(en)m(tire)g(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)64
b Ft(unset)29 b Fj(name)p Ft([)p Fj(subscript)p Ft(])150
-2241 y Fu(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)h(di\013eren)m(tly)g(dep)s(ending)d(on)j
+3086 y Fu(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)h(di\013eren)m(tly)g(dep)s(ending)d(on)j
(the)f(arra)m(y)h(t)m(yp)s(e)f(when)g(giv)m(en)h(a)f(subscript)g(of)g
(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(')g(or)h(`)p Ft(@)p Fu('.)40 b(When)150
-2351 y Fr(name)46 b Fu(is)40 b(an)h(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)i(arra)m(y)-8
+3196 y Fr(name)46 b Fu(is)40 b(an)h(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)i(arra)m(y)-8
b(,)44 b(it)d(remo)m(v)m(es)h(the)f(elemen)m(t)h(with)e(k)m(ey)h(`)p
Ft(*)p Fu(')g(or)f(`)p Ft(@)p Fu('.)72 b(If)40 b Fr(name)45
-b Fu(is)c(an)150 2461 y(indexed)30 b(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)31
+b Fu(is)c(an)150 3305 y(indexed)30 b(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)31
b Ft(unset)e Fu(remo)m(v)m(es)j(all)f(of)g(the)f(elemen)m(ts,)i(but)e
(do)s(es)g(not)h(remo)m(v)m(e)h(the)e(arra)m(y)h(itself.)275
-2617 y(When)k(using)g(a)i(v)-5 b(ariable)36 b(name)g(with)g(a)g
+3454 y(When)k(using)g(a)i(v)-5 b(ariable)36 b(name)g(with)g(a)g
(subscript)e(as)i(an)g(argumen)m(t)g(to)h(a)f(command,)h(suc)m(h)f(as)
-150 2727 y(with)k Ft(unset)p Fu(,)h(without)e(using)h(the)g(w)m(ord)f
+150 3564 y(with)k Ft(unset)p Fu(,)h(without)e(using)h(the)g(w)m(ord)f
(expansion)h(syn)m(tax)g(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e,)44
-b(the)c(argumen)m(t)g(is)150 2837 y(sub)5 b(ject)25 b(to)h(the)g
+b(the)c(argumen)m(t)g(is)150 3673 y(sub)5 b(ject)25 b(to)h(the)g
(shell's)g(\014lename)f(expansion.)39 b(If)25 b(\014lename)h(expansion)
-f(is)g(not)h(desired,)g(the)f(argumen)m(t)150 2946 y(should)k(b)s(e)h
-(quoted.)275 3103 y(The)20 b Ft(declare)p Fu(,)h Ft(local)p
+f(is)g(not)h(desired,)g(the)f(argumen)m(t)150 3783 y(should)k(b)s(e)h
+(quoted.)275 3932 y(The)20 b Ft(declare)p Fu(,)h Ft(local)p
Fu(,)h(and)e Ft(readonly)f Fu(builtins)h(eac)m(h)i(accept)g(a)g
Ft(-a)e Fu(option)h(to)h(sp)s(ecify)f(an)f(indexed)150
-3213 y(arra)m(y)28 b(and)f(a)h Ft(-A)e Fu(option)i(to)g(sp)s(ecify)f
+4042 y(arra)m(y)28 b(and)f(a)h Ft(-A)e Fu(option)i(to)g(sp)s(ecify)f
(an)h(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)i(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)40 b(If)27
b(b)s(oth)g(options)h(are)g(supplied,)f Ft(-A)f Fu(tak)m(es)150
-3322 y(precedence.)55 b(The)35 b Ft(read)f Fu(builtin)h(accepts)h(a)g
+4151 y(precedence.)55 b(The)35 b Ft(read)f Fu(builtin)h(accepts)h(a)g
Ft(-a)e Fu(option)i(to)g(assign)f(a)g(list)h(of)f(w)m(ords)g(read)g
-(from)g(the)150 3432 y(standard)h(input)g(to)i(an)f(arra)m(y)-8
+(from)g(the)150 4261 y(standard)h(input)g(to)i(an)f(arra)m(y)-8
b(,)40 b(and)c(can)h(read)g(v)-5 b(alues)38 b(from)e(the)h(standard)g
-(input)f(in)m(to)i(individual)150 3541 y(arra)m(y)f(elemen)m(ts.)62
+(input)f(in)m(to)i(individual)150 4370 y(arra)m(y)f(elemen)m(ts.)62
b(The)36 b Ft(set)g Fu(and)h Ft(declare)d Fu(builtins)j(displa)m(y)g
(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(alues)37 b(in)g(a)g(w)m(a)m(y)h(that)g(allo)m(ws)150
-3651 y(them)30 b(to)h(b)s(e)f(reused)g(as)g(input.)150
-3925 y Fs(6.8)68 b(The)45 b(Directory)g(Stac)l(k)150
-4085 y Fu(The)21 b(directory)h(stac)m(k)h(is)e(a)h(list)g(of)f(recen)m
+4480 y(them)30 b(to)h(b)s(e)f(reused)g(as)g(input.)150
+4742 y Fs(6.8)68 b(The)45 b(Directory)g(Stac)l(k)150
+4902 y Fu(The)21 b(directory)h(stac)m(k)h(is)e(a)h(list)g(of)f(recen)m
(tly-visited)j(directories.)39 b(The)20 b Ft(pushd)g
-Fu(builtin)h(adds)g(directories)150 4194 y(to)42 b(the)f(stac)m(k)i(as)
+Fu(builtin)h(adds)g(directories)150 5011 y(to)42 b(the)f(stac)m(k)i(as)
e(it)h(c)m(hanges)g(the)f(curren)m(t)g(directory)-8 b(,)45
b(and)40 b(the)i Ft(popd)e Fu(builtin)g(remo)m(v)m(es)j(sp)s(eci\014ed)
-150 4304 y(directories)29 b(from)f(the)h(stac)m(k)h(and)d(c)m(hanges)j
+150 5121 y(directories)29 b(from)f(the)h(stac)m(k)h(and)d(c)m(hanges)j
(the)e(curren)m(t)g(directory)h(to)g(the)g(directory)f(remo)m(v)m(ed.)
-41 b(The)150 4414 y Ft(dirs)34 b Fu(builtin)g(displa)m(ys)h(the)g(con)m
+41 b(The)150 5230 y Ft(dirs)34 b Fu(builtin)g(displa)m(ys)h(the)g(con)m
(ten)m(ts)i(of)e(the)g(directory)h(stac)m(k.)56 b(The)34
-b(curren)m(t)h(directory)g(is)g(alw)m(a)m(ys)150 4523
-y(the)c Ft(")p Fu(top)p Ft(")f Fu(of)g(the)h(directory)g(stac)m(k.)275
-4680 y(The)k(con)m(ten)m(ts)i(of)f(the)h(directory)f(stac)m(k)h(are)f
-(also)h(visible)g(as)f(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(of)g(the)g
-Ft(DIRSTACK)e Fu(shell)150 4790 y(v)-5 b(ariable.)150
-5011 y Fk(6.8.1)63 b(Directory)40 b(Stac)m(k)g(Builtins)150
-5194 y Ft(dirs)870 5340 y(dirs)47 b([-clpv])e([+)p Fj(N)i
-Ft(|)h(-)p Fj(N)p Ft(])p eop end
-%%Page: 103 109
-TeXDict begin 103 108 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(103)630 299 y(Displa)m(y)35
-b(the)f(list)g(of)g(curren)m(tly)g(remem)m(b)s(ered)f(directories.)51
-b(Directories)36 b(are)e(added)f(to)630 408 y(the)28
-b(list)h(with)f(the)g Ft(pushd)f Fu(command;)i(the)f
-Ft(popd)f Fu(command)h(remo)m(v)m(es)h(directories)g(from)630
-518 y(the)i(list.)41 b(The)30 b(curren)m(t)g(directory)h(is)f(alw)m(a)m
-(ys)i(the)f(\014rst)e(directory)i(in)f(the)h(stac)m(k.)630
-676 y Ft(-c)384 b Fu(Clears)31 b(the)f(directory)h(stac)m(k)h(b)m(y)e
-(deleting)h(all)h(of)e(the)h(elemen)m(ts.)630 833 y Ft(-l)384
-b Fu(Pro)s(duces)31 b(a)h(listing)h(using)e(full)h(pathnames;)h(the)f
-(default)g(listing)h(format)1110 943 y(uses)d(a)h(tilde)g(to)g(denote)g
-(the)f(home)h(directory)-8 b(.)630 1100 y Ft(-p)384 b
-Fu(Causes)30 b Ft(dirs)f Fu(to)i(prin)m(t)f(the)h(directory)g(stac)m(k)
-h(with)e(one)g(en)m(try)h(p)s(er)e(line.)630 1258 y Ft(-v)384
-b Fu(Causes)36 b Ft(dirs)f Fu(to)i(prin)m(t)f(the)g(directory)h(stac)m
-(k)h(with)e(one)h(en)m(try)f(p)s(er)f(line,)1110 1367
-y(pre\014xing)30 b(eac)m(h)h(en)m(try)g(with)f(its)h(index)e(in)i(the)f
-(stac)m(k.)630 1525 y Ft(+)p Fj(N)384 b Fu(Displa)m(ys)23
-b(the)f Fr(N)10 b Fu(th)21 b(directory)h(\(coun)m(ting)h(from)e(the)h
-(left)g(of)g(the)g(list)g(prin)m(ted)1110 1634 y(b)m(y)30
-b Ft(dirs)f Fu(when)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(without)e(options\),)h
-(starting)g(with)g(zero.)630 1792 y Ft(-)p Fj(N)384 b
-Fu(Displa)m(ys)47 b(the)g Fr(N)10 b Fu(th)46 b(directory)h(\(coun)m
-(ting)g(from)f(the)g(righ)m(t)h(of)g(the)f(list)1110
-1902 y(prin)m(ted)25 b(b)m(y)g Ft(dirs)g Fu(when)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)j
-(without)f(options\),)h(starting)g(with)e(zero.)150 2059
-y Ft(popd)870 2193 y(popd)47 b([-n])f([+)p Fj(N)h Ft(|)h(-)p
-Fj(N)p Ft(])630 2326 y Fu(Remo)m(v)m(es)34 b(elemen)m(ts)g(from)e(the)h
-(directory)g(stac)m(k.)49 b(The)32 b(elemen)m(ts)i(are)f(n)m(um)m(b)s
-(ered)e(from)630 2436 y(0)38 b(starting)h(at)f(the)g(\014rst)f
-(directory)h(listed)g(b)m(y)g Ft(dirs)p Fu(;)j(that)d(is,)i
-Ft(popd)c Fu(is)i(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)39 b(to)630 2545
-y Ft(popd)29 b(+0)p Fu(.)630 2679 y(When)j(no)g(argumen)m(ts)h(are)g
-(giv)m(en,)h Ft(popd)d Fu(remo)m(v)m(es)j(the)f(top)f(directory)h(from)
-f(the)g(stac)m(k)630 2789 y(and)e(c)m(hanges)h(to)g(the)g(new)f(top)g
-(directory)-8 b(.)630 2922 y(Argumen)m(ts,)31 b(if)f(supplied,)f(ha)m
-(v)m(e)j(the)e(follo)m(wing)i(meanings:)630 3080 y Ft(-n)384
-b Fu(Suppresses)27 b(the)j(normal)g(c)m(hange)g(of)g(directory)g(when)e
-(remo)m(ving)j(directo-)1110 3189 y(ries)f(from)g(the)h(stac)m(k,)h(so)
-f(that)g(only)f(the)h(stac)m(k)g(is)g(manipulated.)630
-3347 y Ft(+)p Fj(N)384 b Fu(Remo)m(v)m(es)22 b(the)f
-Fr(N)10 b Fu(th)20 b(directory)g(\(coun)m(ting)i(from)e(the)g(left)h
-(of)g(the)f(list)h(prin)m(ted)1110 3456 y(b)m(y)30 b
-Ft(dirs)p Fu(\),)g(starting)h(with)f(zero,)i(from)e(the)g(stac)m(k.)630
-3614 y Ft(-)p Fj(N)384 b Fu(Remo)m(v)m(es)46 b(the)g
-Fr(N)10 b Fu(th)44 b(directory)h(\(coun)m(ting)h(from)f(the)g(righ)m(t)
-g(of)g(the)g(list)1110 3724 y(prin)m(ted)30 b(b)m(y)g
-Ft(dirs)p Fu(\),)g(starting)h(with)f(zero,)i(from)e(the)g(stac)m(k.)630
-3881 y(If)d(the)h(top)g(elemen)m(t)h(of)f(the)g(directory)g(stac)m(k)h
-(is)e(mo)s(di\014ed,)h(and)f(the)h Ft(-n)f Fu(option)h(w)m(as)g(not)630
-3991 y(supplied,)j Ft(popd)g Fu(uses)g(the)h Ft(cd)f
-Fu(builtin)g(to)i(c)m(hange)g(to)f(the)g(directory)g(at)h(the)f(top)g
-(of)g(the)630 4100 y(stac)m(k.)42 b(If)30 b(the)h Ft(cd)e
-Fu(fails,)j Ft(popd)d Fu(returns)g(a)i(non-zero)g(v)-5
-b(alue.)630 4234 y(Otherwise,)34 b Ft(popd)f Fu(returns)f(an)h
-(unsuccessful)g(status)g(if)h(an)f(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)34
-b(option)g(is)g(encoun-)630 4343 y(tered,)39 b(the)d(directory)h(stac)m
-(k)i(is)d(empt)m(y)-8 b(,)39 b(or)e(a)g(non-existen)m(t)h(directory)f
-(stac)m(k)h(en)m(try)f(is)630 4453 y(sp)s(eci\014ed.)630
-4587 y(If)32 b(the)h Ft(popd)f Fu(command)h(is)g(successful,)g(Bash)g
-(runs)f Ft(dirs)f Fu(to)j(sho)m(w)f(the)g(\014nal)f(con)m(ten)m(ts)630
-4696 y(of)f(the)f(directory)h(stac)m(k,)h(and)e(the)g(return)g(status)g
-(is)h(0.)150 4854 y Ft(pushd)870 4987 y(pushd)46 b([-n])h([+)p
-Fj(N)g Ft(|)g Fj(-N)h Ft(|)f Fj(dir)p Ft(])630 5121 y
-Fu(Adds)27 b(a)h(directory)h(to)g(the)f(top)g(of)g(the)g(directory)h
-(stac)m(k,)h(or)e(rotates)h(the)f(stac)m(k,)j(making)630
-5230 y(the)37 b(new)g(top)g(of)g(the)g(stac)m(k)i(the)e(curren)m(t)f(w)
-m(orking)i(directory)-8 b(.)61 b(With)38 b(no)e(argumen)m(ts,)630
-5340 y Ft(pushd)29 b Fu(exc)m(hanges)j(the)e(top)h(t)m(w)m(o)h(elemen)m
-(ts)f(of)g(the)f(directory)h(stac)m(k.)p eop end
+b(curren)m(t)h(directory)g(is)g(alw)m(a)m(ys)150 5340
+y(the)c Ft(")p Fu(top)p Ft(")f Fu(of)g(the)h(directory)g(stac)m(k.)p
+eop end
%%Page: 104 110
TeXDict begin 104 109 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(104)630 299 y(Argumen)m(ts,)31
-b(if)f(supplied,)f(ha)m(v)m(e)j(the)e(follo)m(wing)i(meanings:)630
-455 y Ft(-n)384 b Fu(Suppresses)24 b(the)j(normal)f(c)m(hange)h(of)g
-(directory)f(when)g(rotating)h(or)f(adding)1110 564 y(directories)31
-b(to)h(the)e(stac)m(k,)i(so)f(that)g(only)f(the)h(stac)m(k)h(is)e
-(manipulated.)630 720 y Ft(+)p Fj(N)384 b Fu(Brings)29
-b(the)f Fr(N)10 b Fu(th)29 b(directory)g(\(coun)m(ting)h(from)e(the)g
-(left)i(of)e(the)h(list)g(prin)m(ted)1110 830 y(b)m(y)34
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(104)275 299 y(The)35
+b(con)m(ten)m(ts)i(of)f(the)h(directory)f(stac)m(k)h(are)f(also)h
+(visible)g(as)f(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(of)g(the)g Ft(DIRSTACK)e
+Fu(shell)150 408 y(v)-5 b(ariable.)150 600 y Fk(6.8.1)63
+b(Directory)40 b(Stac)m(k)g(Builtins)150 768 y Ft(dirs)870
+898 y(dirs)47 b([-clpv])e([+)p Fj(N)i Ft(|)h(-)p Fj(N)p
+Ft(])630 1029 y Fu(Displa)m(y)35 b(the)f(list)g(of)g(curren)m(tly)g
+(remem)m(b)s(ered)f(directories.)51 b(Directories)36
+b(are)e(added)f(to)630 1138 y(the)28 b(list)h(with)f(the)g
+Ft(pushd)f Fu(command;)i(the)f Ft(popd)f Fu(command)h(remo)m(v)m(es)h
+(directories)g(from)630 1248 y(the)i(list.)41 b(The)30
+b(curren)m(t)g(directory)h(is)f(alw)m(a)m(ys)i(the)f(\014rst)e
+(directory)i(in)f(the)h(stac)m(k.)630 1399 y Ft(-c)384
+b Fu(Clears)31 b(the)f(directory)h(stac)m(k)h(b)m(y)e(deleting)h(all)h
+(of)e(the)h(elemen)m(ts.)630 1551 y Ft(-l)384 b Fu(Pro)s(duces)31
+b(a)h(listing)h(using)e(full)h(pathnames;)h(the)f(default)g(listing)h
+(format)1110 1660 y(uses)d(a)h(tilde)g(to)g(denote)g(the)f(home)h
+(directory)-8 b(.)630 1812 y Ft(-p)384 b Fu(Causes)30
+b Ft(dirs)f Fu(to)i(prin)m(t)f(the)h(directory)g(stac)m(k)h(with)e(one)
+g(en)m(try)h(p)s(er)e(line.)630 1963 y Ft(-v)384 b Fu(Causes)36
+b Ft(dirs)f Fu(to)i(prin)m(t)f(the)g(directory)h(stac)m(k)h(with)e(one)
+h(en)m(try)f(p)s(er)f(line,)1110 2073 y(pre\014xing)30
+b(eac)m(h)h(en)m(try)g(with)f(its)h(index)e(in)i(the)f(stac)m(k.)630
+2224 y Ft(+)p Fj(N)384 b Fu(Displa)m(ys)23 b(the)f Fr(N)10
+b Fu(th)21 b(directory)h(\(coun)m(ting)h(from)e(the)h(left)g(of)g(the)g
+(list)g(prin)m(ted)1110 2334 y(b)m(y)30 b Ft(dirs)f Fu(when)h(in)m(v)m
+(ok)m(ed)i(without)e(options\),)h(starting)g(with)g(zero.)630
+2485 y Ft(-)p Fj(N)384 b Fu(Displa)m(ys)47 b(the)g Fr(N)10
+b Fu(th)46 b(directory)h(\(coun)m(ting)g(from)f(the)g(righ)m(t)h(of)g
+(the)f(list)1110 2595 y(prin)m(ted)25 b(b)m(y)g Ft(dirs)g
+Fu(when)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)j(without)f(options\),)h(starting)g(with)e
+(zero.)150 2746 y Ft(popd)870 2876 y(popd)47 b([-n])f([+)p
+Fj(N)h Ft(|)h(-)p Fj(N)p Ft(])630 3007 y Fu(Remo)m(v)m(es)34
+b(elemen)m(ts)g(from)e(the)h(directory)g(stac)m(k.)49
+b(The)32 b(elemen)m(ts)i(are)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(ered)e(from)630
+3116 y(0)38 b(starting)h(at)f(the)g(\014rst)f(directory)h(listed)g(b)m
+(y)g Ft(dirs)p Fu(;)j(that)d(is,)i Ft(popd)c Fu(is)i(equiv)-5
+b(alen)m(t)39 b(to)630 3226 y Ft(popd)29 b(+0)p Fu(.)630
+3357 y(When)j(no)g(argumen)m(ts)h(are)g(giv)m(en,)h Ft(popd)d
+Fu(remo)m(v)m(es)j(the)f(top)f(directory)h(from)f(the)g(stac)m(k)630
+3466 y(and)e(c)m(hanges)h(to)g(the)g(new)f(top)g(directory)-8
+b(.)630 3597 y(Argumen)m(ts,)31 b(if)f(supplied,)f(ha)m(v)m(e)j(the)e
+(follo)m(wing)i(meanings:)630 3748 y Ft(-n)384 b Fu(Suppresses)27
+b(the)j(normal)g(c)m(hange)g(of)g(directory)g(when)e(remo)m(ving)j
+(directo-)1110 3858 y(ries)f(from)g(the)h(stac)m(k,)h(so)f(that)g(only)
+f(the)h(stac)m(k)g(is)g(manipulated.)630 4009 y Ft(+)p
+Fj(N)384 b Fu(Remo)m(v)m(es)22 b(the)f Fr(N)10 b Fu(th)20
+b(directory)g(\(coun)m(ting)i(from)e(the)g(left)h(of)g(the)f(list)h
+(prin)m(ted)1110 4119 y(b)m(y)30 b Ft(dirs)p Fu(\),)g(starting)h(with)f
+(zero,)i(from)e(the)g(stac)m(k.)630 4270 y Ft(-)p Fj(N)384
+b Fu(Remo)m(v)m(es)46 b(the)g Fr(N)10 b Fu(th)44 b(directory)h(\(coun)m
+(ting)h(from)f(the)g(righ)m(t)g(of)g(the)g(list)1110
+4380 y(prin)m(ted)30 b(b)m(y)g Ft(dirs)p Fu(\),)g(starting)h(with)f
+(zero,)i(from)e(the)g(stac)m(k.)630 4531 y(If)d(the)h(top)g(elemen)m(t)
+h(of)f(the)g(directory)g(stac)m(k)h(is)e(mo)s(di\014ed,)h(and)f(the)h
+Ft(-n)f Fu(option)h(w)m(as)g(not)630 4641 y(supplied,)j
+Ft(popd)g Fu(uses)g(the)h Ft(cd)f Fu(builtin)g(to)i(c)m(hange)g(to)f
+(the)g(directory)g(at)h(the)f(top)g(of)g(the)630 4750
+y(stac)m(k.)42 b(If)30 b(the)h Ft(cd)e Fu(fails,)j Ft(popd)d
+Fu(returns)g(a)i(non-zero)g(v)-5 b(alue.)630 4881 y(Otherwise,)34
+b Ft(popd)f Fu(returns)f(an)h(unsuccessful)g(status)g(if)h(an)f(in)m(v)
+-5 b(alid)34 b(option)g(is)g(encoun-)630 4990 y(tered,)39
+b(the)d(directory)h(stac)m(k)i(is)d(empt)m(y)-8 b(,)39
+b(or)e(a)g(non-existen)m(t)h(directory)f(stac)m(k)h(en)m(try)f(is)630
+5100 y(sp)s(eci\014ed.)630 5230 y(If)32 b(the)h Ft(popd)f
+Fu(command)h(is)g(successful,)g(Bash)g(runs)f Ft(dirs)f
+Fu(to)j(sho)m(w)f(the)g(\014nal)f(con)m(ten)m(ts)630
+5340 y(of)f(the)f(directory)h(stac)m(k,)h(and)e(the)g(return)g(status)g
+(is)h(0.)p eop end
+%%Page: 105 111
+TeXDict begin 105 110 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(105)150 299 y Ft(pushd)870
+432 y(pushd)46 b([-n])h([+)p Fj(N)g Ft(|)g Fj(-N)h Ft(|)f
+Fj(dir)p Ft(])630 565 y Fu(Adds)27 b(a)h(directory)h(to)g(the)f(top)g
+(of)g(the)g(directory)h(stac)m(k,)h(or)e(rotates)h(the)f(stac)m(k,)j
+(making)630 674 y(the)37 b(new)g(top)g(of)g(the)g(stac)m(k)i(the)e
+(curren)m(t)f(w)m(orking)i(directory)-8 b(.)61 b(With)38
+b(no)e(argumen)m(ts,)630 784 y Ft(pushd)29 b Fu(exc)m(hanges)j(the)e
+(top)h(t)m(w)m(o)h(elemen)m(ts)f(of)g(the)f(directory)h(stac)m(k.)630
+917 y(Argumen)m(ts,)g(if)f(supplied,)f(ha)m(v)m(e)j(the)e(follo)m(wing)
+i(meanings:)630 1073 y Ft(-n)384 b Fu(Suppresses)24 b(the)j(normal)f(c)
+m(hange)h(of)g(directory)f(when)g(rotating)h(or)f(adding)1110
+1182 y(directories)31 b(to)h(the)e(stac)m(k,)i(so)f(that)g(only)f(the)h
+(stac)m(k)h(is)e(manipulated.)630 1339 y Ft(+)p Fj(N)384
+b Fu(Brings)29 b(the)f Fr(N)10 b Fu(th)29 b(directory)g(\(coun)m(ting)h
+(from)e(the)g(left)i(of)e(the)h(list)g(prin)m(ted)1110
+1448 y(b)m(y)34 b Ft(dirs)p Fu(,)g(starting)h(with)f(zero\))i(to)f(the)
+f(top)g(of)h(the)f(list)h(b)m(y)f(rotating)i(the)1110
+1558 y(stac)m(k.)630 1714 y Ft(-)p Fj(N)384 b Fu(Brings)23
+b(the)g Fr(N)10 b Fu(th)23 b(directory)h(\(coun)m(ting)g(from)e(the)i
+(righ)m(t)f(of)g(the)h(list)f(prin)m(ted)1110 1824 y(b)m(y)34
b Ft(dirs)p Fu(,)g(starting)h(with)f(zero\))i(to)f(the)f(top)g(of)h
-(the)f(list)h(b)m(y)f(rotating)i(the)1110 939 y(stac)m(k.)630
-1095 y Ft(-)p Fj(N)384 b Fu(Brings)23 b(the)g Fr(N)10
-b Fu(th)23 b(directory)h(\(coun)m(ting)g(from)e(the)i(righ)m(t)f(of)g
-(the)h(list)f(prin)m(ted)1110 1205 y(b)m(y)34 b Ft(dirs)p
-Fu(,)g(starting)h(with)f(zero\))i(to)f(the)f(top)g(of)h(the)f(list)h(b)
-m(y)f(rotating)i(the)1110 1314 y(stac)m(k.)630 1470 y
-Fj(dir)336 b Fu(Mak)m(es)32 b Fr(dir)k Fu(b)s(e)30 b(the)g(top)h(of)f
-(the)h(stac)m(k.)630 1626 y(After)39 b(the)g(stac)m(k)h(has)e(b)s(een)g
-(mo)s(di\014ed,)i(if)f(the)g Ft(-n)f Fu(option)h(w)m(as)g(not)g
-(supplied,)g Ft(pushd)630 1735 y Fu(uses)29 b(the)h Ft(cd)f
-Fu(builtin)g(to)h(c)m(hange)g(to)h(the)e(directory)h(at)g(the)g(top)g
-(of)f(the)h(stac)m(k.)42 b(If)29 b(the)h Ft(cd)630 1845
-y Fu(fails,)h Ft(pushd)e Fu(returns)g(a)i(non-zero)g(v)-5
-b(alue.)630 1978 y(Otherwise,)34 b(if)g(no)f(argumen)m(ts)h(are)g
-(supplied,)f Ft(pushd)f Fu(returns)g(0)i(unless)f(the)g(directory)630
-2087 y(stac)m(k)g(is)f(empt)m(y)-8 b(.)46 b(When)32 b(rotating)h(the)f
-(directory)g(stac)m(k,)i Ft(pushd)d Fu(returns)f(0)j(unless)e(the)630
-2197 y(directory)g(stac)m(k)h(is)e(empt)m(y)h(or)f(a)h(non-existen)m(t)
-h(directory)f(stac)m(k)g(elemen)m(t)h(is)f(sp)s(eci\014ed.)630
-2330 y(If)e(the)g Ft(pushd)f Fu(command)h(is)g(successful,)h(Bash)f
-(runs)f Ft(dirs)g Fu(to)i(sho)m(w)f(the)g(\014nal)g(con)m(ten)m(ts)630
-2439 y(of)i(the)f(directory)h(stac)m(k.)150 2676 y Fs(6.9)68
-b(Con)l(trolling)47 b(the)e(Prompt)150 2836 y Fu(Bash)37
+(the)f(list)h(b)m(y)f(rotating)i(the)1110 1933 y(stac)m(k.)630
+2089 y Fj(dir)336 b Fu(Mak)m(es)32 b Fr(dir)k Fu(b)s(e)30
+b(the)g(top)h(of)f(the)h(stac)m(k.)630 2246 y(After)39
+b(the)g(stac)m(k)h(has)e(b)s(een)g(mo)s(di\014ed,)i(if)f(the)g
+Ft(-n)f Fu(option)h(w)m(as)g(not)g(supplied,)g Ft(pushd)630
+2355 y Fu(uses)29 b(the)h Ft(cd)f Fu(builtin)g(to)h(c)m(hange)g(to)h
+(the)e(directory)h(at)g(the)g(top)g(of)f(the)h(stac)m(k.)42
+b(If)29 b(the)h Ft(cd)630 2465 y Fu(fails,)h Ft(pushd)e
+Fu(returns)g(a)i(non-zero)g(v)-5 b(alue.)630 2598 y(Otherwise,)34
+b(if)g(no)f(argumen)m(ts)h(are)g(supplied,)f Ft(pushd)f
+Fu(returns)g(0)i(unless)f(the)g(directory)630 2707 y(stac)m(k)g(is)f
+(empt)m(y)-8 b(.)46 b(When)32 b(rotating)h(the)f(directory)g(stac)m(k,)
+i Ft(pushd)d Fu(returns)f(0)j(unless)e(the)630 2817 y(directory)g(stac)
+m(k)h(is)e(empt)m(y)h(or)f(a)h(non-existen)m(t)h(directory)f(stac)m(k)g
+(elemen)m(t)h(is)f(sp)s(eci\014ed.)630 2950 y(If)e(the)g
+Ft(pushd)f Fu(command)h(is)g(successful,)h(Bash)f(runs)f
+Ft(dirs)g Fu(to)i(sho)m(w)f(the)g(\014nal)g(con)m(ten)m(ts)630
+3059 y(of)i(the)f(directory)h(stac)m(k.)150 3297 y Fs(6.9)68
+b(Con)l(trolling)47 b(the)e(Prompt)150 3456 y Fu(Bash)37
b(examines)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)g(the)h(arra)m(y)f(v)-5
b(ariable)38 b Ft(PROMPT_COMMAND)33 b Fu(just)j(b)s(efore)h(prin)m
-(ting)g(eac)m(h)150 2945 y(primary)c(prompt.)49 b(If)33
+(ting)g(eac)m(h)150 3566 y(primary)c(prompt.)49 b(If)33
b(an)m(y)h(elemen)m(ts)h(in)f Ft(PROMPT_COMMAND)29 b
Fu(are)34 b(set)h(and)e(non-n)m(ull,)h(Bash)g(executes)150
-3055 y(eac)m(h)e(v)-5 b(alue,)31 b(in)f(n)m(umeric)g(order,)g(just)g
+3675 y(eac)m(h)e(v)-5 b(alue,)31 b(in)f(n)m(umeric)g(order,)g(just)g
(as)g(if)h(it)g(had)e(b)s(een)h(t)m(yp)s(ed)g(on)g(the)h(command)f
-(line.)275 3188 y(In)d(addition,)j(the)f(follo)m(wing)h(table)f
+(line.)275 3808 y(In)d(addition,)j(the)f(follo)m(wing)h(table)f
(describ)s(es)f(the)h(sp)s(ecial)g(c)m(haracters)h(whic)m(h)f(can)f
-(app)s(ear)g(in)h(the)150 3297 y(prompt)g(v)-5 b(ariables)32
+(app)s(ear)g(in)h(the)150 3918 y(prompt)g(v)-5 b(ariables)32
b Ft(PS0)p Fu(,)d Ft(PS1)p Fu(,)h Ft(PS2)p Fu(,)g(and)f
-Ft(PS4)p Fu(:)150 3453 y Ft(\\a)384 b Fu(A)30 b(b)s(ell)h(c)m
-(haracter.)150 3609 y Ft(\\d)384 b Fu(The)30 b(date,)h(in)f
+Ft(PS4)p Fu(:)150 4074 y Ft(\\a)384 b Fu(A)30 b(b)s(ell)h(c)m
+(haracter.)150 4230 y Ft(\\d)384 b Fu(The)30 b(date,)h(in)f
Ft(")p Fu(W)-8 b(eekda)m(y)32 b(Mon)m(th)f(Date)p Ft(")h
Fu(format)f(\(e.g.,)h Ft(")p Fu(T)-8 b(ue)30 b(Ma)m(y)h(26)p
-Ft(")p Fu(\).)150 3765 y Ft(\\D{)p Fj(format)p Ft(})630
-3874 y Fu(The)c Fr(format)i Fu(is)f(passed)e(to)i Ft(strftime)p
+Ft(")p Fu(\).)150 4386 y Ft(\\D{)p Fj(format)p Ft(})630
+4496 y Fu(The)c Fr(format)i Fu(is)f(passed)e(to)i Ft(strftime)p
Fu(\(3\))f(and)f(the)i(result)f(is)g(inserted)g(in)m(to)h(the)g(prompt)
-630 3984 y(string;)42 b(an)d(empt)m(y)f Fr(format)j Fu(results)d(in)g
+630 4606 y(string;)42 b(an)d(empt)m(y)f Fr(format)j Fu(results)d(in)g
(a)h(lo)s(cale-sp)s(eci\014c)h(time)f(represen)m(tation.)65
-b(The)630 4093 y(braces)31 b(are)f(required.)150 4249
+b(The)630 4715 y(braces)31 b(are)f(required.)150 4871
y Ft(\\e)384 b Fu(An)30 b(escap)s(e)h(c)m(haracter.)150
-4405 y Ft(\\h)384 b Fu(The)30 b(hostname,)h(up)e(to)i(the)g(\014rst)e
-(`.'.)150 4561 y Ft(\\H)384 b Fu(The)30 b(hostname.)150
-4717 y Ft(\\j)384 b Fu(The)30 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(jobs)g(curren)m
-(tly)h(managed)g(b)m(y)f(the)g(shell.)150 4873 y Ft(\\l)384
+5028 y Ft(\\h)384 b Fu(The)30 b(hostname,)h(up)e(to)i(the)g(\014rst)e
+(`.'.)150 5184 y Ft(\\H)384 b Fu(The)30 b(hostname.)150
+5340 y Ft(\\j)384 b Fu(The)30 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(jobs)g(curren)m
+(tly)h(managed)g(b)m(y)f(the)g(shell.)p eop end
+%%Page: 106 112
+TeXDict begin 106 111 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(106)150 299 y Ft(\\l)384
b Fu(The)30 b(basename)h(of)f(the)h(shell's)f(terminal)h(device)g
-(name.)150 5028 y Ft(\\n)384 b Fu(A)30 b(newline.)150
-5184 y Ft(\\r)384 b Fu(A)30 b(carriage)i(return.)150
-5340 y Ft(\\s)384 b Fu(The)22 b(name)g(of)h(the)f(shell,)i(the)f
-(basename)f(of)h Ft($0)f Fu(\(the)g(p)s(ortion)g(follo)m(wing)i(the)f
-(\014nal)e(slash\).)p eop end
-%%Page: 105 111
-TeXDict begin 105 110 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(105)150 299 y Ft(\\t)384
-b Fu(The)30 b(time,)h(in)f(24-hour)h(HH:MM:SS)g(format.)150
-459 y Ft(\\T)384 b Fu(The)30 b(time,)h(in)f(12-hour)h(HH:MM:SS)g
-(format.)150 619 y Ft(\\@)384 b Fu(The)30 b(time,)h(in)f(12-hour)h
-(am/pm)f(format.)150 780 y Ft(\\A)384 b Fu(The)30 b(time,)h(in)f
-(24-hour)h(HH:MM)g(format.)150 940 y Ft(\\u)384 b Fu(The)30
-b(username)g(of)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f(user.)150 1100 y
-Ft(\\v)384 b Fu(The)30 b(v)m(ersion)h(of)f(Bash)h(\(e.g.,)h(2.00\))150
-1261 y Ft(\\V)384 b Fu(The)30 b(release)i(of)e(Bash,)h(v)m(ersion)g
-Ft(+)f Fu(patc)m(hlev)m(el)i(\(e.g.,)h(2.00.0\))150 1421
-y Ft(\\w)384 b Fu(The)27 b(v)-5 b(alue)28 b(of)g(the)g
+(name.)150 487 y Ft(\\n)384 b Fu(A)30 b(newline.)150
+676 y Ft(\\r)384 b Fu(A)30 b(carriage)i(return.)150 864
+y Ft(\\s)384 b Fu(The)22 b(name)g(of)h(the)f(shell,)i(the)f(basename)f
+(of)h Ft($0)f Fu(\(the)g(p)s(ortion)g(follo)m(wing)i(the)f(\014nal)e
+(slash\).)150 1052 y Ft(\\t)384 b Fu(The)30 b(time,)h(in)f(24-hour)h
+(HH:MM:SS)g(format.)150 1241 y Ft(\\T)384 b Fu(The)30
+b(time,)h(in)f(12-hour)h(HH:MM:SS)g(format.)150 1429
+y Ft(\\@)384 b Fu(The)30 b(time,)h(in)f(12-hour)h(am/pm)f(format.)150
+1617 y Ft(\\A)384 b Fu(The)30 b(time,)h(in)f(24-hour)h(HH:MM)g(format.)
+150 1806 y Ft(\\u)384 b Fu(The)30 b(username)g(of)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f
+(user.)150 1994 y Ft(\\v)384 b Fu(The)30 b(v)m(ersion)h(of)f(Bash)h
+(\(e.g.,)h(2.00\))150 2183 y Ft(\\V)384 b Fu(The)30 b(release)i(of)e
+(Bash,)h(v)m(ersion)g Ft(+)f Fu(patc)m(hlev)m(el)i(\(e.g.,)h(2.00.0\))
+150 2371 y Ft(\\w)384 b Fu(The)27 b(v)-5 b(alue)28 b(of)g(the)g
Ft(PWD)f Fu(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable)28 b(\()p Ft($PWD)p
Fu(\),)g(with)g Ft($HOME)e Fu(abbreviated)i(with)f(a)h(tilde)630
-1530 y(\(uses)i(the)h Ft($PROMPT_DIRTRIM)26 b Fu(v)-5
-b(ariable\).)150 1691 y Ft(\\W)384 b Fu(The)30 b(basename)h(of)f
+2480 y(\(uses)i(the)h Ft($PROMPT_DIRTRIM)26 b Fu(v)-5
+b(ariable\).)150 2669 y Ft(\\W)384 b Fu(The)30 b(basename)h(of)f
Ft($PWD)p Fu(,)g(with)g Ft($HOME)f Fu(abbreviated)h(with)g(a)h(tilde.)
-150 1851 y Ft(\\!)384 b Fu(The)30 b(history)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i
-(this)f(command.)150 2011 y Ft(\\#)384 b Fu(The)30 b(command)g(n)m(um)m
-(b)s(er)f(of)i(this)f(command.)150 2171 y Ft(\\$)384
+150 2857 y Ft(\\!)384 b Fu(The)30 b(history)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i
+(this)f(command.)150 3046 y Ft(\\#)384 b Fu(The)30 b(command)g(n)m(um)m
+(b)s(er)f(of)i(this)f(command.)150 3234 y Ft(\\$)384
b Fu(If)30 b(the)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(uid)d(is)g(0,)h Ft(#)p
-Fu(,)g(otherwise)g Ft($)p Fu(.)150 2332 y Ft(\\)p Fj(nnn)288
+Fu(,)g(otherwise)g Ft($)p Fu(.)150 3422 y Ft(\\)p Fj(nnn)288
b Fu(The)30 b(c)m(haracter)i(whose)e(ASCI)s(I)f(co)s(de)h(is)h(the)f(o)
-s(ctal)i(v)-5 b(alue)31 b Fr(nnn)p Fu(.)150 2492 y Ft(\\\\)384
-b Fu(A)30 b(bac)m(kslash.)150 2652 y Ft(\\[)384 b Fu(Begin)38
+s(ctal)i(v)-5 b(alue)31 b Fr(nnn)p Fu(.)150 3611 y Ft(\\\\)384
+b Fu(A)30 b(bac)m(kslash.)150 3799 y Ft(\\[)384 b Fu(Begin)38
b(a)f(sequence)g(of)g(non-prin)m(ting)g(c)m(haracters.)61
b(This)36 b(could)h(b)s(e)g(used)f(to)h(em)m(b)s(ed)g(a)630
-2762 y(terminal)31 b(con)m(trol)h(sequence)e(in)m(to)i(the)e(prompt.)
-150 2922 y Ft(\\])384 b Fu(End)29 b(a)i(sequence)g(of)f(non-prin)m
-(ting)g(c)m(haracters.)275 3083 y(The)25 b(command)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f
+3909 y(terminal)31 b(con)m(trol)h(sequence)e(in)m(to)i(the)e(prompt.)
+150 4097 y Ft(\\])384 b Fu(End)29 b(a)i(sequence)g(of)f(non-prin)m
+(ting)g(c)m(haracters.)275 4300 y(The)25 b(command)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f
(and)h(the)g(history)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(are)i(usually)f(di\013eren)m
-(t:)39 b(the)26 b(history)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)150 3192
+(t:)39 b(the)26 b(history)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)150 4409
y(of)h(a)f(command)h(is)f(its)h(p)s(osition)f(in)g(the)h(history)f
(list,)i(whic)m(h)f(ma)m(y)g(include)f(commands)g(restored)g(from)150
-3302 y(the)39 b(history)h(\014le)f(\(see)h(Section)g(9.1)h([Bash)e
-(History)h(F)-8 b(acilities],)45 b(page)40 b(152\),)j(while)d(the)f
-(command)150 3412 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)j(is)h(the)h(p)s(osition)f(in)g
+4519 y(the)39 b(history)h(\014le)f(\(see)h(Section)g(9.1)h([Bash)e
+(History)h(F)-8 b(acilities],)45 b(page)40 b(155\),)j(while)d(the)f
+(command)150 4629 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)j(is)h(the)h(p)s(osition)f(in)g
(the)g(sequence)h(of)f(commands)g(executed)h(during)e(the)i(curren)m(t)
-f(shell)150 3521 y(session.)275 3657 y(After)28 b(the)g(string)g(is)g
+f(shell)150 4738 y(session.)275 4902 y(After)28 b(the)g(string)g(is)g
(deco)s(ded,)g(it)g(is)g(expanded)f(via)i(parameter)f(expansion,)h
-(command)f(substitu-)150 3766 y(tion,)g(arithmetic)f(expansion,)g(and)e
+(command)f(substitu-)150 5011 y(tion,)g(arithmetic)f(expansion,)g(and)e
(quote)i(remo)m(v)-5 b(al,)29 b(sub)5 b(ject)25 b(to)i(the)f(v)-5
-b(alue)27 b(of)f(the)g Ft(promptvars)e Fu(shell)150 3876
+b(alue)27 b(of)f(the)g Ft(promptvars)e Fu(shell)150 5121
y(option)i(\(see)h(Section)g(4.3.2)g([The)f(Shopt)f(Builtin],)j(page)e
(71\).)41 b(This)25 b(can)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(un)m(w)m(an)m(ted)f(side)g
-(e\013ects)150 3985 y(if)i(escap)s(ed)f(p)s(ortions)g(of)h(the)g
+(e\013ects)150 5230 y(if)i(escap)s(ed)f(p)s(ortions)g(of)h(the)g
(string)f(app)s(ear)g(within)g(command)h(substitution)f(or)h(con)m
-(tain)g(c)m(haracters)150 4095 y(sp)s(ecial)j(to)g(w)m(ord)f
-(expansion.)150 4337 y Fs(6.10)68 b(The)45 b(Restricted)h(Shell)150
-4496 y Fu(If)34 b(Bash)g(is)g(started)g(with)g(the)g(name)h
-Ft(rbash)p Fu(,)e(or)h(the)h Ft(--restricted)30 b Fu(or)k
-Ft(-r)g Fu(option)g(is)g(supplied)f(at)150 4606 y(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation,)
-d(the)d(shell)g(b)s(ecomes)h(restricted.)40 b(A)27 b(restricted)h
-(shell)f(is)g(used)f(to)i(set)f(up)f(an)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)150
-4716 y(more)g(con)m(trolled)i(than)e(the)g(standard)g(shell.)40
-b(A)27 b(restricted)h(shell)f(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)h(iden)m(tically)h(to)f
-Ft(bash)e Fu(with)150 4825 y(the)31 b(exception)g(that)g(the)g(follo)m
-(wing)h(are)e(disallo)m(w)m(ed)i(or)e(not)h(p)s(erformed:)225
-4961 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Changing)30 b(directories)h(with)g(the)f
-Ft(cd)g Fu(builtin.)225 5095 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Setting)33
+(tain)g(c)m(haracters)150 5340 y(sp)s(ecial)j(to)g(w)m(ord)f
+(expansion.)p eop end
+%%Page: 107 113
+TeXDict begin 107 112 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(107)150 299 y Fs(6.10)68
+b(The)45 b(Restricted)h(Shell)150 458 y Fu(If)34 b(Bash)g(is)g(started)
+g(with)g(the)g(name)h Ft(rbash)p Fu(,)e(or)h(the)h Ft(--restricted)30
+b Fu(or)k Ft(-r)g Fu(option)g(is)g(supplied)f(at)150
+568 y(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation,)d(the)d(shell)g(b)s(ecomes)h(restricted.)40
+b(A)27 b(restricted)h(shell)f(is)g(used)f(to)i(set)f(up)f(an)h(en)m
+(vironmen)m(t)150 677 y(more)g(con)m(trolled)i(than)e(the)g(standard)g
+(shell.)40 b(A)27 b(restricted)h(shell)f(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)h(iden)m
+(tically)h(to)f Ft(bash)e Fu(with)150 787 y(the)31 b(exception)g(that)g
+(the)g(follo)m(wing)h(are)e(disallo)m(w)m(ed)i(or)e(not)h(p)s
+(erformed:)225 919 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Changing)30 b(directories)h(with)g
+(the)f Ft(cd)g Fu(builtin.)225 1050 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Setting)33
b(or)g(unsetting)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alues)33 b(of)f(the)h
Ft(SHELL)p Fu(,)f Ft(PATH)p Fu(,)g Ft(HISTFILE)p Fu(,)f
Ft(ENV)p Fu(,)h(or)g Ft(BASH_ENV)e Fu(v)-5 b(ari-)330
-5205 y(ables.)225 5340 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Sp)s(ecifying)30
-b(command)g(names)g(con)m(taining)i(slashes.)p eop end
-%%Page: 106 112
-TeXDict begin 106 111 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(106)225 299 y Fq(\017)60
-b Fu(Sp)s(ecifying)30 b(a)h(\014lename)f(con)m(taining)i(a)f(slash)f
-(as)h(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(to)g(the)f Ft(.)h Fu(builtin)e(command.)225
-434 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Sp)s(ecifying)33 b(a)i(\014lename)f(con)m
-(taining)h(a)g(slash)e(as)i(an)e(argumen)m(t)i(to)g(the)f
-Ft(history)e Fu(builtin)h(com-)330 543 y(mand.)225 678
-y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Sp)s(ecifying)32 b(a)g(\014lename)h(con)m(taining)h
-(a)e(slash)g(as)h(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(to)g(the)f Ft(-p)g
-Fu(option)h(to)g(the)f Ft(hash)330 788 y Fu(builtin)e(command.)225
-923 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Imp)s(orting)30 b(function)g(de\014nitions)g
-(from)f(the)i(shell)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(at)g(startup.)225
-1058 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(P)m(arsing)31 b(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)31
-b(of)g Ft(SHELLOPTS)d Fu(from)h(the)i(shell)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(at)g
-(startup.)225 1193 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Redirecting)31 b(output)f(using)g
-(the)h(`)p Ft(>)p Fu(',)g(`)p Ft(>|)p Fu(',)f(`)p Ft(<>)p
-Fu(',)h(`)p Ft(>&)p Fu(',)f(`)p Ft(&>)p Fu(',)h(and)e(`)p
-Ft(>>)p Fu(')i(redirection)g(op)s(erators.)225 1327 y
-Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Using)31 b(the)f Ft(exec)f Fu(builtin)h(to)h(replace)h
-(the)e(shell)h(with)f(another)h(command.)225 1462 y Fq(\017)60
-b Fu(Adding)24 b(or)g(deleting)i(builtin)e(commands)g(with)h(the)f
-Ft(-f)g Fu(and)g Ft(-d)g Fu(options)h(to)h(the)e Ft(enable)f
-Fu(builtin.)225 1597 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Using)31 b(the)f
-Ft(enable)f Fu(builtin)h(command)g(to)h(enable)g(disabled)f(shell)g
-(builtins.)225 1732 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Sp)s(ecifying)30
-b(the)g Ft(-p)g Fu(option)h(to)g(the)g Ft(command)d Fu(builtin.)225
-1867 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(T)-8 b(urning)29 b(o\013)i(restricted)g(mo)s(de)
-f(with)g(`)p Ft(set)g(+r)p Fu(')g(or)g(`)p Ft(shopt)f(-u)h
-(restricted_shell)p Fu('.)275 2028 y(These)g(restrictions)h(are)g
-(enforced)f(after)h(an)m(y)g(startup)f(\014les)g(are)h(read.)275
-2163 y(When)j(a)i(command)e(that)i(is)f(found)f(to)h(b)s(e)g(a)g(shell)
-g(script)g(is)g(executed)h(\(see)g(Section)g(3.8)g([Shell)150
-2273 y(Scripts],)25 b(page)e(46\),)j Ft(rbash)c Fu(turns)g(o\013)i(an)m
-(y)f(restrictions)h(in)f(the)g(shell)h(spa)m(wned)e(to)i(execute)g(the)
-g(script.)275 2408 y(The)32 b(restricted)h(shell)g(mo)s(de)g(is)g(only)
-g(one)g(comp)s(onen)m(t)g(of)g(a)g(useful)f(restricted)i(en)m(vironmen)
-m(t.)49 b(It)150 2517 y(should)22 b(b)s(e)f(accompanied)j(b)m(y)e
-(setting)i Ft(PATH)d Fu(to)j(a)f(v)-5 b(alue)23 b(that)g(allo)m(ws)h
-(execution)f(of)g(only)g(a)g(few)f(v)m(eri\014ed)150
-2627 y(commands)35 b(\(commands)g(that)h(allo)m(w)g(shell)f(escap)s(es)
-h(are)f(particularly)h(vulnerable\),)h(c)m(hanging)f(the)150
-2737 y(curren)m(t)28 b(directory)g(to)h(a)f(non-writable)g(directory)g
+1160 y(ables.)225 1292 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Sp)s(ecifying)30
+b(command)g(names)g(con)m(taining)i(slashes.)225 1424
+y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Sp)s(ecifying)30 b(a)h(\014lename)f(con)m(taining)i
+(a)f(slash)f(as)h(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(to)g(the)f Ft(.)h
+Fu(builtin)e(command.)225 1555 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Sp)s(ecifying)33
+b(a)i(\014lename)f(con)m(taining)h(a)g(slash)e(as)i(an)e(argumen)m(t)i
+(to)g(the)f Ft(history)e Fu(builtin)h(com-)330 1665 y(mand.)225
+1797 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Sp)s(ecifying)32 b(a)g(\014lename)h(con)m
+(taining)h(a)e(slash)g(as)h(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(to)g(the)f
+Ft(-p)g Fu(option)h(to)g(the)f Ft(hash)330 1906 y Fu(builtin)e
+(command.)225 2038 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Imp)s(orting)30
+b(function)g(de\014nitions)g(from)f(the)i(shell)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g
+(at)g(startup.)225 2170 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(P)m(arsing)31
+b(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)g Ft(SHELLOPTS)d Fu(from)h(the)i(shell)g
+(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(at)g(startup.)225 2301 y Fq(\017)60
+b Fu(Redirecting)31 b(output)f(using)g(the)h(`)p Ft(>)p
+Fu(',)g(`)p Ft(>|)p Fu(',)f(`)p Ft(<>)p Fu(',)h(`)p Ft(>&)p
+Fu(',)f(`)p Ft(&>)p Fu(',)h(and)e(`)p Ft(>>)p Fu(')i(redirection)g(op)s
+(erators.)225 2433 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Using)31 b(the)f
+Ft(exec)f Fu(builtin)h(to)h(replace)h(the)e(shell)h(with)f(another)h
+(command.)225 2565 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Adding)24 b(or)g(deleting)i
+(builtin)e(commands)g(with)h(the)f Ft(-f)g Fu(and)g Ft(-d)g
+Fu(options)h(to)h(the)e Ft(enable)f Fu(builtin.)225 2696
+y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Using)31 b(the)f Ft(enable)f Fu(builtin)h(command)g
+(to)h(enable)g(disabled)f(shell)g(builtins.)225 2828
+y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Sp)s(ecifying)30 b(the)g Ft(-p)g Fu(option)h(to)g
+(the)g Ft(command)d Fu(builtin.)225 2960 y Fq(\017)60
+b Fu(T)-8 b(urning)29 b(o\013)i(restricted)g(mo)s(de)f(with)g(`)p
+Ft(set)g(+r)p Fu(')g(or)g(`)p Ft(shopt)f(-u)h(restricted_shell)p
+Fu('.)275 3114 y(These)g(restrictions)h(are)g(enforced)f(after)h(an)m
+(y)g(startup)f(\014les)g(are)h(read.)275 3245 y(When)j(a)i(command)e
+(that)i(is)f(found)f(to)h(b)s(e)g(a)g(shell)g(script)g(is)g(executed)h
+(\(see)g(Section)g(3.8)g([Shell)150 3355 y(Scripts],)25
+b(page)e(46\),)j Ft(rbash)c Fu(turns)g(o\013)i(an)m(y)f(restrictions)h
+(in)f(the)g(shell)h(spa)m(wned)e(to)i(execute)g(the)g(script.)275
+3487 y(The)32 b(restricted)h(shell)g(mo)s(de)g(is)g(only)g(one)g(comp)s
+(onen)m(t)g(of)g(a)g(useful)f(restricted)i(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)49
+b(It)150 3596 y(should)22 b(b)s(e)f(accompanied)j(b)m(y)e(setting)i
+Ft(PATH)d Fu(to)j(a)f(v)-5 b(alue)23 b(that)g(allo)m(ws)h(execution)f
+(of)g(only)g(a)g(few)f(v)m(eri\014ed)150 3706 y(commands)35
+b(\(commands)g(that)h(allo)m(w)g(shell)f(escap)s(es)h(are)f
+(particularly)h(vulnerable\),)h(c)m(hanging)f(the)150
+3815 y(curren)m(t)28 b(directory)g(to)h(a)f(non-writable)g(directory)g
(other)g(than)g Ft($HOME)e Fu(after)j(login,)g(not)f(allo)m(wing)i(the)
-150 2846 y(restricted)25 b(shell)g(to)h(execute)g(shell)f(scripts,)h
+150 3925 y(restricted)25 b(shell)g(to)h(execute)g(shell)f(scripts,)h
(and)e(cleaning)i(the)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(of)f(v)-5
-b(ariables)25 b(that)g(cause)150 2956 y(some)31 b(commands)f(to)h(mo)s
+b(ariables)25 b(that)g(cause)150 4035 y(some)31 b(commands)f(to)h(mo)s
(dify)e(their)i(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(\(e.g.,)j Ft(VISUAL)28
-b Fu(or)j Ft(PAGER)p Fu(\).)275 3091 y(Mo)s(dern)e(systems)g(pro)m
+b Fu(or)j Ft(PAGER)p Fu(\).)275 4166 y(Mo)s(dern)e(systems)g(pro)m
(vide)h(more)g(secure)g(w)m(a)m(ys)g(to)h(implemen)m(t)f(a)g
-(restricted)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)f(suc)m(h)150 3201 y(as)h
+(restricted)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)f(suc)m(h)150 4276 y(as)h
Ft(jails)p Fu(,)e Ft(zones)p Fu(,)g(or)h Ft(containers)p
-Fu(.)150 3443 y Fs(6.11)68 b(Bash)45 b(POSIX)f(Mo)t(de)150
-3602 y Fu(Starting)39 b(Bash)f(with)g(the)h Ft(--posix)d
-Fu(command-line)j(option)g(or)f(executing)h(`)p Ft(set)30
-b(-o)g(posix)p Fu(')37 b(while)150 3712 y(Bash)26 b(is)g(running)e
-(will)j(cause)f(Bash)g(to)h(conform)f(more)g(closely)h(to)g(the)f
-Fm(posix)f Fu(standard)g(b)m(y)h(c)m(hanging)150 3821
-y(the)31 b(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(to)h(matc)m(h)g(that)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m
-(y)g Fm(posix)g Fu(in)g(areas)h(where)f(the)h(Bash)f(default)h
-(di\013ers.)275 3957 y(When)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(as)g
-Ft(sh)p Fu(,)f(Bash)h(en)m(ters)g Fm(posix)e Fu(mo)s(de)h(after)h
-(reading)g(the)f(startup)g(\014les.)275 4092 y(The)f(follo)m(wing)j
+Fu(.)150 4511 y Fs(6.11)68 b(Bash)45 b(and)g(POSIX)150
+4733 y Fk(6.11.1)63 b(What)40 b(is)i(POSIX?)150 4879
+y Fm(posix)22 b Fu(is)g(the)g(name)h(for)f(a)g(family)h(of)g(standards)
+e(based)h(on)g(Unix.)38 b(A)22 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(Unix)f
+(services,)j(to)s(ols,)150 4989 y(and)33 b(functions)g(are)h(part)f(of)
+h(the)f(standard,)h(ranging)g(from)f(the)g(basic)h(system)g(calls)g
+(and)f(C)g(library)150 5099 y(functions)d(to)h(common)g(applications)g
+(and)f(to)s(ols)h(to)g(system)g(administration)g(and)e(managemen)m(t.)
+275 5230 y(The)22 b Fm(posix)g Fu(Shell)g(and)g(Utilities)j(standard)c
+(w)m(as)i(originally)h(dev)m(elop)s(ed)f(b)m(y)g(IEEE)f(W)-8
+b(orking)24 b(Group)150 5340 y(1003.2)46 b(\(POSIX.2\).)80
+b(The)43 b(\014rst)f(edition)i(of)g(the)f(1003.2)j(standard)c(w)m(as)i
+(published)e(in)h(1992.)81 b(It)p eop end
+%%Page: 108 114
+TeXDict begin 108 113 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(108)150 299 y(w)m(as)31
+b(merged)g(with)g(the)g(original)h(IEEE)e(1003.1)k(W)-8
+b(orking)32 b(Group)e(and)g(is)h(curren)m(tly)g(main)m(tained)h(b)m(y)
+150 408 y(the)41 b(Austin)g(Group)g(\(a)h(join)m(t)g(w)m(orking)g
+(group)e(of)i(the)f(IEEE,)g(The)g(Op)s(en)f(Group)g(and)h(ISO/IEC)150
+518 y(SC22/W)m(G15\).)i(T)-8 b(o)s(da)m(y)28 b(the)g(Shell)g(and)f
+(Utilities)j(are)e(a)g(v)m(olume)h(within)e(the)h(set)h(of)f(do)s
+(cumen)m(ts)f(that)150 628 y(mak)m(e)34 b(up)e(IEEE)g(Std)g
+(1003.1-2017,)38 b(and)32 b(th)m(us)h(the)g(former)f(POSIX.2)h(\(from)f
+(1992\))j(is)e(no)m(w)g(part)g(of)150 737 y(the)e(curren)m(t)f
+(uni\014ed)f Fm(posix)g Fu(standard.)275 869 y(The)k(Shell)h(and)g
+(Utilities)i(v)m(olume)f(concen)m(trates)h(on)e(the)g(command)g(in)m
+(terpreter)h(in)m(terface)h(and)150 979 y(utilit)m(y)i(programs)f
+(commonly)g(executed)g(from)g(the)g(command)f(line)h(or)g(b)m(y)g
+(other)g(programs.)59 b(The)150 1089 y(standard)37 b(is)g(freely)h(a)m
+(v)-5 b(ailable)40 b(on)d(the)h(w)m(eb)g(at)g Ft(https:)6
+b(/)g(/)g(pubs)g(.)g(opengrou)o(p)g(.)g(o)o(rg)g(/)f(onl)o(inep)o(ubs)g
+(/)150 1198 y(9699919799/utilities/con)o(tent)o(s.ht)o(ml)p
+Fu(.)275 1330 y(Bash)25 b(is)g(concerned)h(with)f(the)g(asp)s(ects)h
+(of)f(the)h(shell's)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(de\014ned)f(b)m(y)h(the)h
+Fm(posix)e Fu(Shell)i(and)150 1440 y(Utilities)35 b(v)m(olume.)49
+b(The)33 b(shell)g(command)f(language)j(has)d(of)i(course)f(b)s(een)f
+(standardized,)h(including)150 1550 y(the)42 b(basic)g(\015o)m(w)g(con)
+m(trol)i(and)d(program)g(execution)i(constructs,)j(I/O)41
+b(redirection)i(and)e(pip)s(elines,)150 1659 y(argumen)m(t)31
+b(handling,)f(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(expansion,)f(and)g(quoting.)275
+1791 y(The)40 b Fl(sp)-5 b(e)g(cial)52 b Fu(builtins,)44
+b(whic)m(h)d(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)g(implemen)m(ted)h(as)f(part)g(of)h(the)f
+(shell)g(to)h(pro)m(vide)g(the)150 1901 y(desired)25
+b(functionalit)m(y)-8 b(,)28 b(are)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)g(b)s(eing)g
+(part)h(of)f(the)h(shell;)h(examples)f(of)g(these)g(are)f
+Ft(eval)g Fu(and)150 2010 y Ft(export)p Fu(.)39 b(Other)28
+b(utilities)i(app)s(ear)f(in)f(the)h(sections)h(of)f(POSIX)f(not)h(dev)
+m(oted)h(to)g(the)f(shell)g(whic)m(h)g(are)150 2120 y(commonly)24
+b(\(and)f(in)g(some)h(cases)g(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e\))g(implemen)m(ted)h(as)f
+(builtin)g(commands,)i(suc)m(h)e(as)g Ft(read)g Fu(and)150
+2230 y Ft(test)p Fu(.)39 b(POSIX)28 b(also)h(sp)s(eci\014es)g(asp)s
+(ects)g(of)g(the)g(shell's)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(b)s(eha)m(vior,)f
+(including)e(job)g(con)m(trol)150 2339 y(and)36 b(command)g(line)h
+(editing.)59 b(Only)36 b(vi-st)m(yle)i(line)f(editing)g(commands)f(ha)m
+(v)m(e)h(b)s(een)f(standardized;)150 2449 y(emacs)31
+b(editing)g(commands)f(w)m(ere)h(left)g(out)g(due)e(to)j(ob)5
+b(jections.)150 2643 y Fk(6.11.2)63 b(Bash)41 b(POSIX)g(Mo)s(de)150
+2790 y Fu(Although)29 b(Bash)g(is)g(an)g(implemen)m(tation)h(of)f(the)g
+Fm(posix)f Fu(shell)h(sp)s(eci\014cation,)i(there)e(are)g(areas)g
+(where)150 2900 y(the)g(Bash)g(default)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(di\013ers)f
+(from)g(the)h(sp)s(eci\014cation.)41 b(The)28 b(Bash)h
+Fr(p)s(osix)g(mo)s(de)k Fu(c)m(hanges)d(the)150 3009
+y(Bash)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(in)g(these)h(areas)g(so)g(that)g(it)f
+(conforms)h(to)g(the)f(standard)g(more)g(closely)-8 b(.)275
+3142 y(Starting)26 b(Bash)g(with)f(the)h Ft(--posix)e
+Fu(command-line)j(option)f(or)g(executing)h(`)p Ft(set)j(-o)f(posix)p
+Fu(')c(while)150 3251 y(Bash)h(is)g(running)e(will)j(cause)f(Bash)g(to)
+h(conform)f(more)g(closely)h(to)g(the)f Fm(posix)f Fu(standard)g(b)m(y)
+h(c)m(hanging)150 3361 y(the)31 b(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(to)h(matc)m(h)g
+(that)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)g Fm(posix)g Fu(in)g(areas)h(where)f
+(the)h(Bash)f(default)h(di\013ers.)275 3493 y(When)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h
+(as)g Ft(sh)p Fu(,)f(Bash)h(en)m(ters)g Fm(posix)e Fu(mo)s(de)h(after)h
+(reading)g(the)f(startup)g(\014les.)275 3625 y(The)f(follo)m(wing)j
(list)f(is)g(what's)f(c)m(hanged)h(when)e(`)p Fm(posix)h
-Fu(mo)s(de')h(is)f(in)g(e\013ect:)199 4227 y(1.)61 b(Bash)31
+Fu(mo)s(de')h(is)f(in)g(e\013ect:)199 3757 y(1.)61 b(Bash)31
b(ensures)e(that)i(the)f Ft(POSIXLY_CORRECT)d Fu(v)-5
-b(ariable)31 b(is)f(set.)199 4362 y(2.)61 b(When)28 b(a)i(command)e(in)
+b(ariable)31 b(is)f(set.)199 3889 y(2.)61 b(When)28 b(a)i(command)e(in)
g(the)h(hash)f(table)i(no)e(longer)h(exists,)h(Bash)f(will)g(re-searc)m
-(h)h Ft($PATH)d Fu(to)i(\014nd)330 4472 y(the)i(new)e(lo)s(cation.)43
+(h)h Ft($PATH)d Fu(to)i(\014nd)330 3999 y(the)i(new)e(lo)s(cation.)43
b(This)29 b(is)i(also)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)33 b(with)d(`)p
-Ft(shopt)f(-s)h(checkhash)p Fu('.)199 4607 y(3.)61 b(Bash)36
+Ft(shopt)f(-s)h(checkhash)p Fu('.)199 4131 y(3.)61 b(Bash)36
b(will)g(not)g(insert)g(a)g(command)f(without)h(the)g(execute)h(bit)f
-(set)g(in)m(to)h(the)f(command)g(hash)330 4716 y(table,)c(ev)m(en)f(if)
+(set)g(in)m(to)h(the)f(command)g(hash)330 4241 y(table,)c(ev)m(en)f(if)
f(it)h(returns)e(it)i(as)g(a)f(\(last-ditc)m(h\))j(result)d(from)g(a)h
-Ft($PATH)e Fu(searc)m(h.)199 4851 y(4.)61 b(The)42 b(message)h(prin)m
+Ft($PATH)e Fu(searc)m(h.)199 4373 y(4.)61 b(The)42 b(message)h(prin)m
(ted)e(b)m(y)h(the)g(job)g(con)m(trol)i(co)s(de)e(and)f(builtins)h
-(when)f(a)h(job)g(exits)h(with)f(a)330 4961 y(non-zero)31
-b(status)g(is)f(`Done\(status\)'.)199 5095 y(5.)61 b(The)40
+(when)f(a)h(job)g(exits)h(with)f(a)330 4483 y(non-zero)31
+b(status)g(is)f(`Done\(status\)'.)199 4615 y(5.)61 b(The)40
b(message)h(prin)m(ted)f(b)m(y)g(the)h(job)f(con)m(trol)h(co)s(de)g
(and)f(builtins)f(when)h(a)g(job)g(is)h(stopp)s(ed)e(is)330
-5205 y(`Stopp)s(ed\()p Fr(signame)5 b Fu(\)',)31 b(where)f
+4724 y(`Stopp)s(ed\()p Fr(signame)5 b Fu(\)',)31 b(where)f
Fr(signame)36 b Fu(is,)31 b(for)f(example,)h Ft(SIGTSTP)p
-Fu(.)199 5340 y(6.)61 b(Alias)31 b(expansion)g(is)f(alw)m(a)m(ys)i
-(enabled,)e(ev)m(en)i(in)e(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)p
-eop end
-%%Page: 107 113
-TeXDict begin 107 112 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(107)199 299 y(7.)61
-b(Reserv)m(ed)40 b(w)m(ords)g(app)s(earing)f(in)h(a)g(con)m(text)i
-(where)d(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m(ords)f(are)i(recognized)g(do)f(not)330
-408 y(undergo)30 b(alias)h(expansion.)199 536 y(8.)61
+Fu(.)199 4856 y(6.)61 b(Alias)31 b(expansion)g(is)f(alw)m(a)m(ys)i
+(enabled,)e(ev)m(en)i(in)e(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)199
+4989 y(7.)61 b(Reserv)m(ed)40 b(w)m(ords)g(app)s(earing)f(in)h(a)g(con)
+m(text)i(where)d(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m(ords)f(are)i(recognized)g(do)f(not)
+330 5098 y(undergo)30 b(alias)h(expansion.)199 5230 y(8.)61
b(Alias)45 b(expansion)e(is)h(p)s(erformed)f(when)f(initially)k
-(parsing)d(a)h(command)g(substitution.)80 b(The)330 646
+(parsing)d(a)h(command)g(substitution.)80 b(The)330 5340
y(default)44 b(mo)s(de)g(generally)h(defers)f(it,)k(when)43
-b(enabled,)48 b(un)m(til)c(the)g(command)g(substitution)g(is)330
-756 y(executed.)77 b(This)42 b(means)g(that)h(command)f(substitution)f
-(will)i(not)g(expand)e(aliases)j(that)f(are)330 865 y(de\014ned)34
+b(enabled,)48 b(un)m(til)c(the)g(command)g(substitution)g(is)p
+eop end
+%%Page: 109 115
+TeXDict begin 109 114 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(109)330 299 y(executed.)77
+b(This)42 b(means)g(that)h(command)f(substitution)f(will)i(not)g
+(expand)e(aliases)j(that)f(are)330 408 y(de\014ned)34
b(after)h(the)g(command)f(substitution)h(is)g(initially)h(parsed)e
-(\(e.g.,)k(as)d(part)f(of)h(a)g(function)330 975 y(de\014nition\).)199
-1103 y(9.)61 b(The)38 b Fm(posix)h Ft(PS1)f Fu(and)g
-Ft(PS2)g Fu(expansions)g(of)i(`)p Ft(!)p Fu(')f(to)g(the)g(history)g(n)
-m(um)m(b)s(er)f(and)g(`)p Ft(!!)p Fu(')h(to)g(`)p Ft(!)p
-Fu(')h(are)330 1212 y(enabled,)26 b(and)f(parameter)g(expansion)g(is)g
-(p)s(erformed)e(on)i(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)25 b(of)g Ft(PS1)f
-Fu(and)h Ft(PS2)f Fu(regardless)330 1322 y(of)31 b(the)f(setting)i(of)e
-(the)h Ft(promptvars)c Fu(option.)154 1450 y(10.)61 b(The)30
+(\(e.g.,)k(as)d(part)f(of)h(a)g(function)330 518 y(de\014nition\).)199
+658 y(9.)61 b(The)38 b Fm(posix)h Ft(PS1)f Fu(and)g Ft(PS2)g
+Fu(expansions)g(of)i(`)p Ft(!)p Fu(')f(to)g(the)g(history)g(n)m(um)m(b)
+s(er)f(and)g(`)p Ft(!!)p Fu(')h(to)g(`)p Ft(!)p Fu(')h(are)330
+768 y(enabled,)26 b(and)f(parameter)g(expansion)g(is)g(p)s(erformed)e
+(on)i(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)25 b(of)g Ft(PS1)f Fu(and)h
+Ft(PS2)f Fu(regardless)330 877 y(of)31 b(the)f(setting)i(of)e(the)h
+Ft(promptvars)c Fu(option.)154 1017 y(10.)61 b(The)30
b Fm(posix)g Fu(startup)f(\014les)i(are)g(executed)g(\()p
Ft($ENV)p Fu(\))f(rather)g(than)g(the)h(normal)f(Bash)g(\014les.)154
-1577 y(11.)61 b(Tilde)30 b(expansion)g(is)f(only)h(p)s(erformed)f(on)h
+1157 y(11.)61 b(Tilde)30 b(expansion)g(is)f(only)h(p)s(erformed)f(on)h
(assignmen)m(ts)g(preceding)g(a)g(command)g(name,)g(rather)330
-1687 y(than)g(on)g(all)i(assignmen)m(t)f(statemen)m(ts)h(on)e(the)h
-(line.)154 1815 y(12.)61 b(The)30 b(default)g(history)h(\014le)f(is)h
+1267 y(than)g(on)g(all)i(assignmen)m(t)f(statemen)m(ts)h(on)e(the)h
+(line.)154 1407 y(12.)61 b(The)30 b(default)g(history)h(\014le)f(is)h
Ft(~/.sh_history)26 b Fu(\(this)31 b(is)f(the)h(default)g(v)-5
-b(alue)30 b(of)h Ft($HISTFILE)p Fu(\).)154 1943 y(13.)61
+b(alue)30 b(of)h Ft($HISTFILE)p Fu(\).)154 1547 y(13.)61
b(Redirection)25 b(op)s(erators)f(do)g(not)g(p)s(erform)f(\014lename)h
(expansion)g(on)g(the)g(w)m(ord)f(in)h(the)g(redirection)330
-2052 y(unless)30 b(the)g(shell)h(is)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e.)154
-2180 y(14.)61 b(Redirection)31 b(op)s(erators)g(do)f(not)h(p)s(erform)e
+1657 y(unless)30 b(the)g(shell)h(is)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e.)154
+1797 y(14.)61 b(Redirection)31 b(op)s(erators)g(do)f(not)h(p)s(erform)e
(w)m(ord)h(splitting)h(on)f(the)h(w)m(ord)f(in)g(the)g(redirection.)154
-2308 y(15.)61 b(F)-8 b(unction)35 b(names)g(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(v)-5
+1937 y(15.)61 b(F)-8 b(unction)35 b(names)g(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(v)-5
b(alid)35 b(shell)f Ft(name)p Fu(s.)52 b(That)34 b(is,)i(they)f(ma)m(y)
-g(not)g(con)m(tain)g(c)m(haracters)330 2418 y(other)e(than)g(letters,)h
+g(not)g(con)m(tain)g(c)m(haracters)330 2046 y(other)e(than)g(letters,)h
(digits,)h(and)d(underscores,)h(and)f(ma)m(y)h(not)g(start)h(with)e(a)h
-(digit.)49 b(Declaring)330 2527 y(a)31 b(function)f(with)g(an)g(in)m(v)
+(digit.)49 b(Declaring)330 2156 y(a)31 b(function)f(with)g(an)g(in)m(v)
-5 b(alid)31 b(name)g(causes)f(a)h(fatal)h(syn)m(tax)f(error)f(in)g
-(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)154 2655 y(16.)61 b(F)-8
+(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)154 2296 y(16.)61 b(F)-8
b(unction)31 b(names)f(ma)m(y)h(not)g(b)s(e)f(the)g(same)h(as)g(one)f
(of)h(the)f Fm(posix)g Fu(sp)s(ecial)h(builtins.)154
-2783 y(17.)61 b Fm(posix)30 b Fu(sp)s(ecial)h(builtins)e(are)i(found)e
-(b)s(efore)h(shell)h(functions)f(during)f(command)h(lo)s(okup.)154
-2911 y(18.)61 b(When)48 b(prin)m(ting)g(shell)h(function)f
+2436 y(17.)61 b(Ev)m(en)27 b(if)h(a)f(shell)h(function)f(whose)g(name)g
+(con)m(tains)i(a)f(slash)f(w)m(as)g(de\014ned)g(b)s(efore)f(en)m
+(tering)j Fm(posix)330 2545 y Fu(mo)s(de,)h(the)h(shell)f(will)h(not)g
+(execute)g(a)g(function)f(whose)g(name)h(con)m(tains)g(one)g(or)f(more)
+h(slashes.)154 2685 y(18.)61 b Fm(posix)30 b Fu(sp)s(ecial)h(builtins)e
+(are)i(found)e(b)s(efore)h(shell)h(functions)f(during)f(command)h(lo)s
+(okup.)154 2826 y(19.)61 b(When)48 b(prin)m(ting)g(shell)h(function)f
(de\014nitions)g(\(e.g.,)55 b(b)m(y)48 b Ft(type)p Fu(\),)k(Bash)d(do)s
-(es)f(not)h(prin)m(t)f(the)330 3020 y Ft(function)28
-b Fu(k)m(eyw)m(ord.)154 3148 y(19.)61 b(Literal)28 b(tildes)g(that)f
+(es)f(not)h(prin)m(t)f(the)330 2935 y Ft(function)28
+b Fu(k)m(eyw)m(ord.)154 3075 y(20.)61 b(Literal)28 b(tildes)g(that)f
(app)s(ear)f(as)i(the)f(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)j(in)d(elemen)m(ts)j(of)
e(the)g Ft(PATH)f Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(are)h(not)330
-3258 y(expanded)i(as)g(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(under)d(Section)
-i(3.5.2)h([Tilde)f(Expansion],)f(page)h(25.)154 3386
-y(20.)61 b(The)29 b Ft(time)g Fu(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m(ord)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s
+3185 y(expanded)i(as)g(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(under)d(Section)
+i(3.5.2)h([Tilde)f(Expansion],)f(page)h(25.)154 3325
+y(21.)61 b(The)29 b Ft(time)g Fu(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m(ord)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s
(e)g(used)f(b)m(y)h(itself)g(as)g(a)h(command.)40 b(When)30
-b(used)f(in)g(this)h(w)m(a)m(y)-8 b(,)330 3495 y(it)33
+b(used)f(in)g(this)h(w)m(a)m(y)-8 b(,)330 3434 y(it)33
b(displa)m(ys)g(timing)g(statistics)h(for)e(the)h(shell)g(and)f(its)g
(completed)i(c)m(hildren.)47 b(The)32 b Ft(TIMEFORMAT)330
-3605 y Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(con)m(trols)h(the)e(format)h(of)g(the)f
-(timing)h(information.)154 3733 y(21.)61 b(When)33 b(parsing)g(and)f
+3544 y Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(con)m(trols)h(the)e(format)h(of)g(the)f
+(timing)h(information.)154 3684 y(22.)61 b(When)33 b(parsing)g(and)f
(expanding)h(a)h($)p Fi({)6 b Fu(.)22 b(.)h(.)11 b Fi(})33
b Fu(expansion)g(that)h(app)s(ears)f(within)f(double)h(quotes,)330
-3842 y(single)42 b(quotes)g(are)g(no)g(longer)g(sp)s(ecial)g(and)f
+3794 y(single)42 b(quotes)g(are)g(no)g(longer)g(sp)s(ecial)g(and)f
(cannot)i(b)s(e)e(used)g(to)h(quote)g(a)g(closing)h(brace)f(or)330
-3952 y(other)31 b(sp)s(ecial)h(c)m(haracter,)i(unless)c(the)i(op)s
+3903 y(other)31 b(sp)s(ecial)h(c)m(haracter,)i(unless)c(the)i(op)s
(erator)f(is)g(one)h(of)f(those)h(de\014ned)e(to)i(p)s(erform)e
-(pattern)330 4061 y(remo)m(v)-5 b(al.)42 b(In)30 b(this)g(case,)i(they)
+(pattern)330 4013 y(remo)m(v)-5 b(al.)42 b(In)30 b(this)g(case,)i(they)
e(do)g(not)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(to)f(app)s(ear)e(as)i(matc)m(hed)g(pairs.)154
-4189 y(22.)61 b(The)29 b(parser)g(do)s(es)g(not)h(recognize)h
+4153 y(23.)61 b(The)29 b(parser)g(do)s(es)g(not)h(recognize)h
Ft(time)d Fu(as)i(a)g(reserv)m(ed)f(w)m(ord)g(if)h(the)f(next)h(tok)m
-(en)h(b)s(egins)d(with)i(a)330 4299 y(`)p Ft(-)p Fu('.)154
-4427 y(23.)61 b(The)30 b(`)p Ft(!)p Fu(')h(c)m(haracter)h(do)s(es)e
+(en)h(b)s(egins)d(with)i(a)330 4262 y(`)p Ft(-)p Fu('.)154
+4402 y(24.)61 b(The)30 b(`)p Ft(!)p Fu(')h(c)m(haracter)h(do)s(es)e
(not)h(in)m(tro)s(duce)g(history)f(expansion)h(within)f(a)h
-(double-quoted)g(string,)330 4536 y(ev)m(en)g(if)f(the)h
-Ft(histexpand)d Fu(option)i(is)h(enabled.)154 4664 y(24.)61
+(double-quoted)g(string,)330 4512 y(ev)m(en)g(if)f(the)h
+Ft(histexpand)d Fu(option)i(is)h(enabled.)154 4652 y(25.)61
b(If)24 b(a)g Fm(posix)g Fu(sp)s(ecial)h(builtin)f(returns)f(an)h
(error)g(status,)i(a)e(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)e(exits.)39
-b(The)24 b(fatal)330 4774 y(errors)30 b(are)h(those)f(listed)h(in)f
+b(The)24 b(fatal)330 4762 y(errors)30 b(are)h(those)f(listed)h(in)f
(the)h Fm(posix)e Fu(standard,)h(and)g(include)g(things)g(lik)m(e)i
-(passing)e(incorrect)330 4883 y(options,)43 b(redirection)d(errors,)i
+(passing)e(incorrect)330 4871 y(options,)43 b(redirection)d(errors,)i
(v)-5 b(ariable)41 b(assignmen)m(t)g(errors)e(for)g(assignmen)m(ts)i
-(preceding)f(the)330 4993 y(command)30 b(name,)h(and)f(so)g(on.)154
-5121 y(25.)61 b(A)31 b(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)d(exits)h(with)e
-(an)h(error)g(status)g(if)g(a)g(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(assignmen)m(t)g
-(error)e(o)s(ccurs)330 5230 y(when)38 b(no)h(command)g(name)g(follo)m
-(ws)i(the)e(assignmen)m(t)h(statemen)m(ts.)69 b(A)39
-b(v)-5 b(ariable)40 b(assignmen)m(t)330 5340 y(error)30
-b(o)s(ccurs,)g(for)g(example,)i(when)d(trying)i(to)g(assign)f(a)h(v)-5
-b(alue)31 b(to)g(a)g(readonly)f(v)-5 b(ariable.)p eop
-end
-%%Page: 108 114
-TeXDict begin 108 113 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(108)154 299 y(26.)61
-b(A)31 b(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)d(exits)h(with)e(an)h(error)g
+(preceding)f(the)330 4981 y(command)30 b(name,)h(and)f(so)g(on.)154
+5121 y(26.)61 b(The)35 b Ft(unset)e Fu(builtin)i(with)g(the)g
+Ft(-v)f Fu(option)i(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(returns)g(a)i(fatal)g(error)f(if)g
+(it)g(attempts)h(to)330 5230 y(unset)22 b(a)h Ft(readonly)d
+Fu(or)i Ft(non-unsettable)c Fu(v)-5 b(ariable,)25 b(or)e(encoun)m(ters)
+f(a)h(v)-5 b(ariable)23 b(name)f(argumen)m(t)330 5340
+y(that)31 b(is)f(an)h(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(iden)m(ti\014er,)f(whic)m
+(h)g(causes)h(a)g(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)e(to)g(exit.)p
+eop end
+%%Page: 110 116
+TeXDict begin 110 115 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(110)154 299 y(27.)61
+b(A)31 b(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)d(exits)h(with)e(an)h(error)g
(status)g(if)g(a)g(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(assignmen)m(t)g(error)e(o)s
-(ccurs)330 408 y(in)g(an)g(assignmen)m(t)i(statemen)m(t)g(preceding)e
-(a)h(sp)s(ecial)g(builtin,)f(but)g(not)g(with)h(an)m(y)f(other)h
-(simple)330 518 y(command.)38 b(F)-8 b(or)23 b(an)m(y)g(other)g(simple)
-g(command,)h(the)f(shell)g(ab)s(orts)f(execution)i(of)f(that)g
-(command,)330 628 y(and)44 b(execution)i(con)m(tin)m(ues)g(at)g(the)f
-(top)g(lev)m(el)h(\()p Ft(")p Fu(the)f(shell)h(shall)f(not)g(p)s
-(erform)e(an)m(y)i(further)330 737 y(pro)s(cessing)30
-b(of)h(the)f(command)g(in)g(whic)m(h)h(the)f(error)g(o)s(ccurred)p
-Ft(")p Fu(\).)154 871 y(27.)61 b(A)43 b(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)e
-(exits)h(with)f(an)f(error)h(status)g(if)g(the)g(iteration)h(v)-5
-b(ariable)44 b(in)f(a)g Ft(for)330 981 y Fu(statemen)m(t)32
-b(or)f(the)f(selection)i(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(in)e(a)g
-Ft(select)f Fu(statemen)m(t)j(is)f(a)f(readonly)h(v)-5
-b(ariable.)154 1115 y(28.)61 b(Non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)34
-b(shells)c(exit)h(if)g Fr(\014lename)k Fu(in)30 b Ft(.)g
-Fr(\014lename)36 b Fu(is)31 b(not)f(found.)154 1249 y(29.)61
-b(Non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)41 b(shells)d(exit)h(if)f(a)g(syn)m(tax)g
-(error)g(in)f(an)h(arithmetic)h(expansion)f(results)f(in)h(an)330
-1358 y(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(expression.)154 1492 y(30.)61
-b(Non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)34 b(shells)c(exit)h(if)g(a)f(parameter)h
-(expansion)g(error)f(o)s(ccurs.)154 1626 y(31.)61 b(Non-in)m(teractiv)m
-(e)27 b(shells)c(exit)i(if)e(there)h(is)f(a)h(syn)m(tax)g(error)f(in)g
-(a)h(script)f(read)g(with)h(the)f Ft(.)g Fu(or)h Ft(source)330
-1736 y Fu(builtins,)30 b(or)g(in)g(a)h(string)g(pro)s(cessed)e(b)m(y)i
-(the)f Ft(eval)f Fu(builtin.)154 1870 y(32.)61 b(While)32
-b(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(indirection)f(is)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable,)34
-b(it)d(ma)m(y)h(not)f(b)s(e)g(applied)g(to)g(the)h(`)p
-Ft(#)p Fu(')f(and)f(`)p Ft(?)p Fu(')h(sp)s(ecial)330
-1979 y(parameters.)154 2113 y(33.)61 b(Expanding)21 b(the)h(`)p
+(ccurs)330 408 y(when)38 b(no)h(command)g(name)g(follo)m(ws)i(the)e
+(assignmen)m(t)h(statemen)m(ts.)69 b(A)39 b(v)-5 b(ariable)40
+b(assignmen)m(t)330 518 y(error)30 b(o)s(ccurs,)g(for)g(example,)i
+(when)d(trying)i(to)g(assign)f(a)h(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(to)g(a)g(readonly)f
+(v)-5 b(ariable.)154 658 y(28.)61 b(A)31 b(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)j
+(shell)d(exits)h(with)e(an)h(error)g(status)g(if)g(a)g(v)-5
+b(ariable)32 b(assignmen)m(t)g(error)e(o)s(ccurs)330
+768 y(in)g(an)g(assignmen)m(t)i(statemen)m(t)g(preceding)e(a)h(sp)s
+(ecial)g(builtin,)f(but)g(not)g(with)h(an)m(y)f(other)h(simple)330
+877 y(command.)38 b(F)-8 b(or)23 b(an)m(y)g(other)g(simple)g(command,)h
+(the)f(shell)g(ab)s(orts)f(execution)i(of)f(that)g(command,)330
+987 y(and)44 b(execution)i(con)m(tin)m(ues)g(at)g(the)f(top)g(lev)m(el)
+h(\()p Ft(")p Fu(the)f(shell)h(shall)f(not)g(p)s(erform)e(an)m(y)i
+(further)330 1096 y(pro)s(cessing)30 b(of)h(the)f(command)g(in)g(whic)m
+(h)h(the)f(error)g(o)s(ccurred)p Ft(")p Fu(\).)154 1236
+y(29.)61 b(A)43 b(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)e(exits)h(with)f(an)f
+(error)h(status)g(if)g(the)g(iteration)h(v)-5 b(ariable)44
+b(in)f(a)g Ft(for)330 1346 y Fu(statemen)m(t)32 b(or)f(the)f(selection)
+i(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(in)e(a)g Ft(select)f Fu(statemen)m(t)j(is)f(a)f
+(readonly)h(v)-5 b(ariable.)154 1486 y(30.)61 b(Non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)
+34 b(shells)c(exit)h(if)g Fr(\014lename)k Fu(in)30 b
+Ft(.)g Fr(\014lename)36 b Fu(is)31 b(not)f(found.)154
+1626 y(31.)61 b(Non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)41 b(shells)d(exit)h(if)f(a)g
+(syn)m(tax)g(error)g(in)f(an)h(arithmetic)h(expansion)f(results)f(in)h
+(an)330 1736 y(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(expression.)154
+1876 y(32.)61 b(Non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)34 b(shells)c(exit)h(if)g(a)f
+(parameter)h(expansion)g(error)f(o)s(ccurs.)154 2016
+y(33.)61 b(Non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)27 b(shells)c(exit)i(if)e(there)h(is)f
+(a)h(syn)m(tax)g(error)f(in)g(a)h(script)f(read)g(with)h(the)f
+Ft(.)g Fu(or)h Ft(source)330 2125 y Fu(builtins,)30 b(or)g(in)g(a)h
+(string)g(pro)s(cessed)e(b)m(y)i(the)f Ft(eval)f Fu(builtin.)154
+2265 y(34.)61 b(While)32 b(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(indirection)f(is)g(a)m
+(v)-5 b(ailable,)34 b(it)d(ma)m(y)h(not)f(b)s(e)g(applied)g(to)g(the)h
+(`)p Ft(#)p Fu(')f(and)f(`)p Ft(?)p Fu(')h(sp)s(ecial)330
+2375 y(parameters.)154 2515 y(35.)61 b(Expanding)21 b(the)h(`)p
Ft(*)p Fu(')g(sp)s(ecial)h(parameter)f(in)g(a)g(pattern)h(con)m(text)g
-(where)f(the)g(expansion)g(is)g(double-)330 2223 y(quoted)31
+(where)f(the)g(expansion)g(is)g(double-)330 2625 y(quoted)31
b(do)s(es)f(not)g(treat)i(the)e Ft($*)g Fu(as)h(if)f(it)h(w)m(ere)g
-(double-quoted.)154 2357 y(34.)61 b(Assignmen)m(t)23
+(double-quoted.)154 2765 y(36.)61 b(Assignmen)m(t)23
b(statemen)m(ts)h(preceding)e Fm(posix)f Fu(sp)s(ecial)i(builtins)f(p)s
-(ersist)g(in)f(the)i(shell)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)330 2466
-y(after)31 b(the)f(builtin)g(completes.)154 2600 y(35.)61
+(ersist)g(in)f(the)i(shell)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)330 2874
+y(after)31 b(the)f(builtin)g(completes.)154 3014 y(37.)61
b(The)31 b Ft(command)e Fu(builtin)i(do)s(es)g(not)h(prev)m(en)m(t)f
(builtins)g(that)h(tak)m(e)h(assignmen)m(t)f(statemen)m(ts)h(as)f(ar-)
-330 2710 y(gumen)m(ts)40 b(from)e(expanding)h(them)g(as)h(assignmen)m
+330 3124 y(gumen)m(ts)40 b(from)e(expanding)h(them)g(as)h(assignmen)m
(t)g(statemen)m(ts;)46 b(when)38 b(not)i(in)f Fm(posix)f
-Fu(mo)s(de,)330 2819 y(assignmen)m(t)k(builtins)e(lose)h(their)g
+Fu(mo)s(de,)330 3233 y(assignmen)m(t)k(builtins)e(lose)h(their)g
(assignmen)m(t)h(statemen)m(t)h(expansion)d(prop)s(erties)g(when)g
-(pre-)330 2929 y(ceded)31 b(b)m(y)f Ft(command)p Fu(.)154
-3063 y(36.)61 b(The)27 b Ft(bg)g Fu(builtin)g(uses)g(the)h(required)f
+(pre-)330 3343 y(ceded)31 b(b)m(y)f Ft(command)p Fu(.)154
+3483 y(38.)61 b(The)27 b Ft(bg)g Fu(builtin)g(uses)g(the)h(required)f
(format)h(to)g(describ)s(e)f(eac)m(h)i(job)e(placed)h(in)f(the)h(bac)m
-(kground,)330 3173 y(whic)m(h)h(do)s(es)g(not)g(include)g(an)g
+(kground,)330 3593 y(whic)m(h)h(do)s(es)g(not)g(include)g(an)g
(indication)h(of)f(whether)f(the)h(job)g(is)g(the)h(curren)m(t)e(or)h
-(previous)g(job.)154 3306 y(37.)61 b(The)23 b(output)f(of)i(`)p
+(previous)g(job.)154 3733 y(39.)61 b(The)23 b(output)f(of)i(`)p
Ft(kill)29 b(-l)p Fu(')23 b(prin)m(ts)f(all)i(the)g(signal)f(names)g
(on)g(a)h(single)g(line,)h(separated)e(b)m(y)g(spaces,)330
-3416 y(without)30 b(the)h(`)p Ft(SIG)p Fu(')f(pre\014x.)154
-3550 y(38.)61 b(The)30 b Ft(kill)f Fu(builtin)h(do)s(es)g(not)h(accept)
+3842 y(without)30 b(the)h(`)p Ft(SIG)p Fu(')f(pre\014x.)154
+3982 y(40.)61 b(The)30 b Ft(kill)f Fu(builtin)h(do)s(es)g(not)h(accept)
h(signal)f(names)f(with)g(a)h(`)p Ft(SIG)p Fu(')f(pre\014x.)154
-3684 y(39.)61 b(The)38 b Ft(export)f Fu(and)g Ft(readonly)f
+4122 y(41.)61 b(The)38 b Ft(export)f Fu(and)g Ft(readonly)f
Fu(builtin)i(commands)g(displa)m(y)h(their)f(output)g(in)g(the)h
-(format)g(re-)330 3794 y(quired)30 b(b)m(y)g Fm(posix)p
-Fu(.)154 3927 y(40.)61 b(The)30 b Ft(trap)f Fu(builtin)h(displa)m(ys)g
+(format)g(re-)330 4232 y(quired)30 b(b)m(y)g Fm(posix)p
+Fu(.)154 4372 y(42.)61 b(The)30 b Ft(trap)f Fu(builtin)h(displa)m(ys)g
(signal)i(names)e(without)g(the)h(leading)g Ft(SIG)p
-Fu(.)154 4061 y(41.)61 b(The)39 b Ft(trap)e Fu(builtin)i(do)s(esn't)g
+Fu(.)154 4512 y(43.)61 b(The)39 b Ft(trap)e Fu(builtin)i(do)s(esn't)g
(c)m(hec)m(k)h(the)g(\014rst)e(argumen)m(t)i(for)e(a)i(p)s(ossible)e
-(signal)i(sp)s(eci\014cation)330 4171 y(and)30 b(rev)m(ert)i(the)e
+(signal)i(sp)s(eci\014cation)330 4622 y(and)30 b(rev)m(ert)i(the)e
(signal)i(handling)e(to)h(the)g(original)h(disp)s(osition)e(if)h(it)g
-(is,)g(unless)f(that)h(argumen)m(t)330 4281 y(consists)e(solely)g(of)g
+(is,)g(unless)f(that)h(argumen)m(t)330 4731 y(consists)e(solely)g(of)g
(digits)g(and)f(is)g(a)h(v)-5 b(alid)29 b(signal)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er.)38
b(If)28 b(users)g(w)m(an)m(t)h(to)g(reset)g(the)g(handler)330
-4390 y(for)h(a)g(giv)m(en)h(signal)g(to)f(the)h(original)g(disp)s
+4841 y(for)h(a)g(giv)m(en)h(signal)g(to)f(the)h(original)g(disp)s
(osition,)f(they)g(should)f(use)h(`)p Ft(-)p Fu(')g(as)g(the)g(\014rst)
-f(argumen)m(t.)154 4524 y(42.)61 b Ft(trap)29 b(-p)24
+f(argumen)m(t.)154 4981 y(44.)61 b Ft(trap)29 b(-p)24
b Fu(without)g(argumen)m(ts)g(displa)m(ys)g(signals)g(whose)g(disp)s
-(ositions)g(are)g(set)h(to)f(SIG)p 3360 4524 28 4 v 40
-w(DFL)h(and)330 4634 y(those)31 b(that)g(w)m(ere)g(ignored)f(when)g
+(ositions)g(are)g(set)h(to)f(SIG)p 3360 4981 28 4 v 40
+w(DFL)h(and)330 5090 y(those)31 b(that)g(w)m(ere)g(ignored)f(when)g
(the)g(shell)h(started,)g(not)f(just)g(trapp)s(ed)f(signals.)154
-4768 y(43.)61 b(The)21 b Ft(.)h Fu(and)f Ft(source)f
+5230 y(45.)61 b(The)21 b Ft(.)h Fu(and)f Ft(source)f
Fu(builtins)h(do)g(not)h(searc)m(h)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f(directory)h
-(for)g(the)g(\014lename)f(argumen)m(t)330 4877 y(if)30
+(for)g(the)g(\014lename)f(argumen)m(t)330 5340 y(if)30
b(it)h(is)g(not)f(found)f(b)m(y)i(searc)m(hing)g Ft(PATH)p
-Fu(.)154 5011 y(44.)61 b(Enabling)21 b Fm(posix)g Fu(mo)s(de)g(has)g
-(the)g(e\013ect)i(of)e(setting)i(the)e Ft(inherit_errexit)d
-Fu(option,)23 b(so)f(subshells)330 5121 y(spa)m(wned)27
-b(to)i(execute)g(command)e(substitutions)h(inherit)f(the)h(v)-5
-b(alue)28 b(of)g(the)g Ft(-e)f Fu(option)h(from)g(the)330
-5230 y(paren)m(t)37 b(shell.)62 b(When)37 b(the)g Ft(inherit_errexit)c
-Fu(option)38 b(is)f(not)h(enabled,)h(Bash)e(clears)h(the)g
-Ft(-e)330 5340 y Fu(option)31 b(in)f(suc)m(h)g(subshells.)p
-eop end
-%%Page: 109 115
-TeXDict begin 109 114 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(109)154 299 y(45.)61
-b(Enabling)32 b Fm(posix)f Fu(mo)s(de)h(has)g(the)h(e\013ect)g(of)g
-(setting)g(the)g Ft(shift_verbose)28 b Fu(option,)34
-b(so)e(n)m(umeric)330 408 y(argumen)m(ts)f(to)g Ft(shift)f
-Fu(that)h(exceed)h(the)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(of)h(p)s(ositional)g
-(parameters)g(will)g(result)g(in)f(an)330 518 y(error)g(message.)154
-662 y(46.)61 b(When)43 b(the)g Ft(alias)f Fu(builtin)g(displa)m(ys)i
-(alias)g(de\014nitions,)i(it)d(do)s(es)g(not)g(displa)m(y)h(them)f
-(with)g(a)330 771 y(leading)31 b(`)p Ft(alias)e Fu(')i(unless)f(the)g
-Ft(-p)g Fu(option)h(is)f(supplied.)154 915 y(47.)61 b(When)40
-b(the)g Ft(set)f Fu(builtin)h(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(without)f
-(options,)j(it)e(do)s(es)f(not)g(displa)m(y)g(shell)g(function)330
-1025 y(names)30 b(and)g(de\014nitions.)154 1169 y(48.)61
-b(When)36 b(the)g Ft(set)g Fu(builtin)g(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i
-(without)e(options,)i(it)f(displa)m(ys)f(v)-5 b(ariable)37
-b(v)-5 b(alues)37 b(without)330 1278 y(quotes,)26 b(unless)d(they)i
-(con)m(tain)g(shell)f(metac)m(haracters,)k(ev)m(en)d(if)f(the)g(result)
-g(con)m(tains)i(nonprin)m(ting)330 1388 y(c)m(haracters.)154
-1532 y(49.)61 b(When)35 b(the)h Ft(cd)e Fu(builtin)h(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m
-(ed)g(in)f(logical)j(mo)s(de,)e(and)f(the)h(pathname)f(constructed)g
-(from)330 1641 y Ft($PWD)i Fu(and)h(the)h(directory)f(name)h(supplied)e
-(as)i(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(do)s(es)f(not)g(refer)h(to)g(an)f(existing)330
-1751 y(directory)-8 b(,)32 b Ft(cd)d Fu(will)i(fail)g(instead)g(of)f
+Fu(.)p eop end
+%%Page: 111 117
+TeXDict begin 111 116 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(111)154 299 y(46.)61
+b(Enabling)21 b Fm(posix)g Fu(mo)s(de)g(has)g(the)g(e\013ect)i(of)e
+(setting)i(the)e Ft(inherit_errexit)d Fu(option,)23 b(so)f(subshells)
+330 408 y(spa)m(wned)27 b(to)i(execute)g(command)e(substitutions)h
+(inherit)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)28 b(of)g(the)g Ft(-e)f
+Fu(option)h(from)g(the)330 518 y(paren)m(t)37 b(shell.)62
+b(When)37 b(the)g Ft(inherit_errexit)c Fu(option)38 b(is)f(not)h
+(enabled,)h(Bash)e(clears)h(the)g Ft(-e)330 628 y Fu(option)31
+b(in)f(suc)m(h)g(subshells.)154 765 y(47.)61 b(Enabling)32
+b Fm(posix)f Fu(mo)s(de)h(has)g(the)h(e\013ect)g(of)g(setting)g(the)g
+Ft(shift_verbose)28 b Fu(option,)34 b(so)e(n)m(umeric)330
+874 y(argumen)m(ts)f(to)g Ft(shift)f Fu(that)h(exceed)h(the)e(n)m(um)m
+(b)s(er)g(of)h(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)g(will)g(result)g(in)f(an)330
+984 y(error)g(message.)154 1121 y(48.)61 b(When)43 b(the)g
+Ft(alias)f Fu(builtin)g(displa)m(ys)i(alias)g(de\014nitions,)i(it)d(do)
+s(es)g(not)g(displa)m(y)h(them)f(with)g(a)330 1230 y(leading)31
+b(`)p Ft(alias)e Fu(')i(unless)f(the)g Ft(-p)g Fu(option)h(is)f
+(supplied.)154 1367 y(49.)61 b(When)40 b(the)g Ft(set)f
+Fu(builtin)h(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(without)f(options,)j(it)e(do)s(es)
+f(not)g(displa)m(y)g(shell)g(function)330 1477 y(names)30
+b(and)g(de\014nitions.)154 1614 y(50.)61 b(When)36 b(the)g
+Ft(set)g Fu(builtin)g(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(without)e(options,)i(it)f
+(displa)m(ys)f(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(v)-5 b(alues)37 b(without)330
+1724 y(quotes,)26 b(unless)d(they)i(con)m(tain)g(shell)f(metac)m
+(haracters,)k(ev)m(en)d(if)f(the)g(result)g(con)m(tains)i(nonprin)m
+(ting)330 1833 y(c)m(haracters.)154 1970 y(51.)61 b(When)35
+b(the)h Ft(cd)e Fu(builtin)h(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)g(in)f(logical)j(mo)
+s(de,)e(and)f(the)h(pathname)f(constructed)g(from)330
+2080 y Ft($PWD)i Fu(and)h(the)h(directory)f(name)h(supplied)e(as)i(an)f
+(argumen)m(t)h(do)s(es)f(not)g(refer)h(to)g(an)f(existing)330
+2189 y(directory)-8 b(,)32 b Ft(cd)d Fu(will)i(fail)g(instead)g(of)f
(falling)h(bac)m(k)h(to)f(ph)m(ysical)g(mo)s(de.)154
-1895 y(50.)61 b(When)37 b(the)h Ft(cd)f Fu(builtin)g(cannot)h(c)m
+2326 y(52.)61 b(When)37 b(the)h Ft(cd)f Fu(builtin)g(cannot)h(c)m
(hange)h(a)f(directory)g(b)s(ecause)g(the)g(length)g(of)f(the)h
-(pathname)330 2004 y(constructed)27 b(from)g Ft($PWD)f
+(pathname)330 2436 y(constructed)27 b(from)g Ft($PWD)f
Fu(and)h(the)g(directory)h(name)f(supplied)f(as)i(an)f(argumen)m(t)g
-(exceeds)h Ft(PATH_)330 2114 y(MAX)d Fu(when)g(all)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)g
+(exceeds)h Ft(PATH_)330 2545 y(MAX)d Fu(when)g(all)h(sym)m(b)s(olic)g
(links)g(are)g(expanded,)g Ft(cd)f Fu(will)h(fail)h(instead)f(of)g
-(attempting)h(to)f(use)g(only)330 2224 y(the)31 b(supplied)e(directory)
-i(name.)154 2367 y(51.)61 b(The)36 b Ft(pwd)f Fu(builtin)h(v)m
+(attempting)h(to)f(use)g(only)330 2655 y(the)31 b(supplied)e(directory)
+i(name.)154 2792 y(53.)61 b(The)36 b Ft(pwd)f Fu(builtin)h(v)m
(eri\014es)h(that)g(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(it)g(prin)m(ts)e(is)i(the)f
(same)h(as)f(the)h(curren)m(t)f(directory)-8 b(,)330
-2477 y(ev)m(en)31 b(if)f(it)h(is)g(not)f(ask)m(ed)h(to)g(c)m(hec)m(k)h
+2902 y(ev)m(en)31 b(if)f(it)h(is)g(not)f(ask)m(ed)h(to)g(c)m(hec)m(k)h
(the)f(\014le)f(system)h(with)f(the)h Ft(-P)e Fu(option.)154
-2621 y(52.)61 b(When)35 b(listing)g(the)g(history)-8
+3039 y(54.)61 b(When)35 b(listing)g(the)g(history)-8
b(,)36 b(the)f Ft(fc)g Fu(builtin)f(do)s(es)g(not)h(include)g(an)f
-(indication)i(of)f(whether)f(or)330 2730 y(not)d(a)f(history)h(en)m
-(try)f(has)g(b)s(een)g(mo)s(di\014ed.)154 2874 y(53.)61
+(indication)i(of)f(whether)f(or)330 3148 y(not)d(a)f(history)h(en)m
+(try)f(has)g(b)s(een)g(mo)s(di\014ed.)154 3285 y(55.)61
b(The)30 b(default)g(editor)h(used)f(b)m(y)g Ft(fc)g
-Fu(is)g Ft(ed)p Fu(.)154 3018 y(54.)61 b(The)37 b Ft(type)g
-Fu(and)g Ft(command)f Fu(builtins)i(will)g(not)g(rep)s(ort)f(a)i
-(non-executable)g(\014le)f(as)g(ha)m(ving)h(b)s(een)330
-3128 y(found,)26 b(though)h(the)g(shell)g(will)g(attempt)h(to)g
+Fu(is)g Ft(ed)p Fu(.)154 3422 y(56.)61 b(If)38 b(there)h(are)g(to)s(o)g
+(man)m(y)g(argumen)m(ts)g(supplied)e(to)i Ft(fc)30 b(-s)p
+Fu(,)40 b Ft(fc)e Fu(prin)m(ts)g(an)h(error)f(message)i(and)330
+3532 y(returns)29 b(failure.)154 3669 y(57.)61 b(The)37
+b Ft(type)g Fu(and)g Ft(command)f Fu(builtins)i(will)g(not)g(rep)s(ort)
+f(a)i(non-executable)g(\014le)f(as)g(ha)m(ving)h(b)s(een)330
+3778 y(found,)26 b(though)h(the)g(shell)g(will)g(attempt)h(to)g
(execute)g(suc)m(h)f(a)g(\014le)g(if)g(it)g(is)g(the)g(only)g(so-named)
-g(\014le)330 3237 y(found)i(in)h Ft($PATH)p Fu(.)154
-3381 y(55.)61 b(The)33 b Ft(vi)f Fu(editing)i(mo)s(de)f(will)g(in)m(v)m
+g(\014le)330 3888 y(found)i(in)h Ft($PATH)p Fu(.)154
+4025 y(58.)61 b(The)33 b Ft(vi)f Fu(editing)i(mo)s(de)f(will)g(in)m(v)m
(ok)m(e)i(the)e Ft(vi)g Fu(editor)h(directly)f(when)f(the)i(`)p
-Ft(v)p Fu(')f(command)g(is)g(run,)330 3491 y(instead)e(of)f(c)m(hec)m
-(king)i Ft($VISUAL)d Fu(and)g Ft($EDITOR)p Fu(.)154 3634
-y(56.)61 b(When)41 b(the)g Ft(xpg_echo)e Fu(option)i(is)g(enabled,)j
+Ft(v)p Fu(')f(command)g(is)g(run,)330 4134 y(instead)e(of)f(c)m(hec)m
+(king)i Ft($VISUAL)d Fu(and)g Ft($EDITOR)p Fu(.)154 4271
+y(59.)61 b(When)41 b(the)g Ft(xpg_echo)e Fu(option)i(is)g(enabled,)j
(Bash)d(do)s(es)g(not)g(attempt)h(to)g(in)m(terpret)f(an)m(y)h(ar-)330
-3744 y(gumen)m(ts)35 b(to)g Ft(echo)e Fu(as)i(options.)54
+4381 y(gumen)m(ts)35 b(to)g Ft(echo)e Fu(as)i(options.)54
b(Eac)m(h)35 b(argumen)m(t)g(is)f(displa)m(y)m(ed,)j(after)e(escap)s(e)
-g(c)m(haracters)h(are)330 3854 y(con)m(v)m(erted.)154
-3998 y(57.)61 b(The)30 b Ft(ulimit)f Fu(builtin)g(uses)h(a)h(blo)s(c)m
+g(c)m(haracters)h(are)330 4491 y(con)m(v)m(erted.)154
+4628 y(60.)61 b(The)30 b Ft(ulimit)f Fu(builtin)g(uses)h(a)h(blo)s(c)m
(k)g(size)g(of)g(512)g(b)m(ytes)g(for)f(the)h Ft(-c)f
-Fu(and)g Ft(-f)f Fu(options.)154 4141 y(58.)61 b(The)39
+Fu(and)g Ft(-f)f Fu(options.)154 4765 y(61.)61 b(The)39
b(arriv)-5 b(al)41 b(of)f Ft(SIGCHLD)e Fu(when)h(a)h(trap)g(is)g(set)h
(on)f Ft(SIGCHLD)e Fu(do)s(es)h(not)h(in)m(terrupt)g(the)g
-Ft(wait)330 4251 y Fu(builtin)c(and)h(cause)g(it)h(to)f(return)f
+Ft(wait)330 4874 y Fu(builtin)c(and)h(cause)g(it)h(to)f(return)f
(immediately)-8 b(.)62 b(The)37 b(trap)f(command)h(is)g(run)e(once)j
-(for)f(eac)m(h)330 4361 y(c)m(hild)31 b(that)g(exits.)154
-4504 y(59.)61 b(The)27 b Ft(read)f Fu(builtin)g(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(in)m
+(for)f(eac)m(h)330 4984 y(c)m(hild)31 b(that)g(exits.)154
+5121 y(62.)61 b(The)27 b Ft(read)f Fu(builtin)g(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(in)m
(terrupted)h(b)m(y)g(a)h(signal)f(for)g(whic)m(h)g(a)h(trap)f(has)g(b)s
-(een)f(set.)40 b(If)27 b(Bash)330 4614 y(receiv)m(es)41
+(een)f(set.)40 b(If)27 b(Bash)330 5230 y(receiv)m(es)41
b(a)f(trapp)s(ed)e(signal)i(while)f(executing)h Ft(read)p
Fu(,)h(the)e(trap)h(handler)e(executes)i(and)f Ft(read)330
-4724 y Fu(returns)29 b(an)h(exit)i(status)e(greater)i(than)e(128.)154
-4867 y(60.)61 b(The)33 b Ft(printf)f Fu(builtin)i(uses)f
-Ft(double)f Fu(\(via)j Ft(strtod)p Fu(\))d(to)j(con)m(v)m(ert)g
-(argumen)m(ts)f(corresp)s(onding)f(to)330 4977 y(\015oating)40
-b(p)s(oin)m(t)f(con)m(v)m(ersion)h(sp)s(eci\014ers,)h(instead)e(of)g
-Ft(long)29 b(double)38 b Fu(if)h(it's)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable.)69
-b(The)39 b(`)p Ft(L)p Fu(')330 5087 y(length)31 b(mo)s(di\014er)e
-(forces)i Ft(printf)e Fu(to)i(use)f Ft(long)f(double)g
-Fu(if)h(it's)h(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable.)154 5230 y(61.)61
-b(Bash)27 b(remo)m(v)m(es)h(an)e(exited)i(bac)m(kground)e(pro)s(cess's)
-h(status)g(from)f(the)h(list)g(of)g(suc)m(h)f(statuses)h(after)330
-5340 y(the)k Ft(wait)e Fu(builtin)h(is)g(used)g(to)h(obtain)g(it.)p
+5340 y Fu(returns)29 b(an)h(exit)i(status)e(greater)i(than)e(128.)p
eop end
-%%Page: 110 116
-TeXDict begin 110 115 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(110)275 299 y(There)34
-b(is)g(other)h Fm(posix)f Fu(b)s(eha)m(vior)h(that)g(Bash)g(do)s(es)f
-(not)h(implemen)m(t)g(b)m(y)g(default)f(ev)m(en)i(when)d(in)150
-408 y Fm(posix)d Fu(mo)s(de.)40 b(Sp)s(eci\014cally:)199
-549 y(1.)61 b(The)30 b Ft(fc)f Fu(builtin)h(c)m(hec)m(ks)i
-Ft($EDITOR)c Fu(as)j(a)f(program)g(to)h(edit)g(history)f(en)m(tries)h
-(if)f Ft(FCEDIT)f Fu(is)h(unset,)330 658 y(rather)g(than)g(defaulting)h
+%%Page: 112 118
+TeXDict begin 112 117 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(112)154 299 y(63.)61
+b(The)33 b Ft(printf)f Fu(builtin)i(uses)f Ft(double)f
+Fu(\(via)j Ft(strtod)p Fu(\))d(to)j(con)m(v)m(ert)g(argumen)m(ts)f
+(corresp)s(onding)f(to)330 408 y(\015oating)40 b(p)s(oin)m(t)f(con)m(v)
+m(ersion)h(sp)s(eci\014ers,)h(instead)e(of)g Ft(long)29
+b(double)38 b Fu(if)h(it's)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable.)69 b(The)39
+b(`)p Ft(L)p Fu(')330 518 y(length)31 b(mo)s(di\014er)e(forces)i
+Ft(printf)e Fu(to)i(use)f Ft(long)f(double)g Fu(if)h(it's)h(a)m(v)-5
+b(ailable.)154 650 y(64.)61 b(Bash)27 b(remo)m(v)m(es)h(an)e(exited)i
+(bac)m(kground)e(pro)s(cess's)h(status)g(from)f(the)h(list)g(of)g(suc)m
+(h)f(statuses)h(after)330 759 y(the)k Ft(wait)e Fu(builtin)h(is)g(used)
+g(to)h(obtain)g(it.)154 891 y(65.)61 b(A)39 b(double)f(quote)i(c)m
+(haracter)g(\(`)p Ft(")p Fu('\))g(is)f(treated)g(sp)s(ecially)h(when)e
+(it)h(app)s(ears)f(in)h(a)g(bac)m(kquoted)330 1000 y(command)24
+b(substitution)f(in)h(the)g(b)s(o)s(dy)e(of)i(a)g(here-do)s(cumen)m(t)g
+(that)h(undergo)s(es)e(expansion.)38 b(That)330 1110
+y(means,)29 b(for)f(example,)i(that)f(a)g(bac)m(kslash)g(preceding)f(a)
+h(double)f(quote)h(c)m(haracter)h(will)f(escap)s(e)f(it)330
+1219 y(and)i(the)g(bac)m(kslash)h(will)g(b)s(e)f(remo)m(v)m(ed.)154
+1351 y(66.)61 b(Command)25 b(substitutions)g(don't)g(set)h(the)g(`)p
+Ft(?)p Fu(')g(sp)s(ecial)g(parameter.)40 b(The)25 b(exit)h(status)g(of)
+g(a)g(simple)330 1461 y(command)i(without)g(a)h(command)f(w)m(ord)f(is)
+i(still)g(the)f(exit)h(status)g(of)f(the)g(last)h(command)f(substi-)330
+1570 y(tution)f(that)h(o)s(ccurred)e(while)h(ev)-5 b(aluating)28
+b(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(assignmen)m(ts)h(and)e(redirections)i(in)e
+(that)330 1680 y(command,)h(but)f(that)g(do)s(es)g(not)h(happ)s(en)d
+(un)m(til)j(after)g(all)g(of)f(the)h(assignmen)m(ts)g(and)e
+(redirections.)275 1833 y(There)34 b(is)g(other)h Fm(posix)f
+Fu(b)s(eha)m(vior)h(that)g(Bash)g(do)s(es)f(not)h(implemen)m(t)g(b)m(y)
+g(default)f(ev)m(en)i(when)d(in)150 1943 y Fm(posix)d
+Fu(mo)s(de.)40 b(Sp)s(eci\014cally:)199 2074 y(1.)61
+b(The)30 b Ft(fc)f Fu(builtin)h(c)m(hec)m(ks)i Ft($EDITOR)c
+Fu(as)j(a)f(program)g(to)h(edit)g(history)f(en)m(tries)h(if)f
+Ft(FCEDIT)f Fu(is)h(unset,)330 2184 y(rather)g(than)g(defaulting)h
(directly)g(to)g Ft(ed)p Fu(.)40 b Ft(fc)30 b Fu(uses)g
-Ft(ed)g Fu(if)g Ft(EDITOR)f Fu(is)h(unset.)199 796 y(2.)61
-b(As)29 b(noted)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e,)i(Bash)e(requires)g(the)g
-Ft(xpg_echo)e Fu(option)j(to)g(b)s(e)e(enabled)h(for)g(the)g
-Ft(echo)f Fu(builtin)330 905 y(to)j(b)s(e)f(fully)g(conforman)m(t.)275
-1073 y(Bash)c(can)g(b)s(e)f(con\014gured)h(to)g(b)s(e)g
-Fm(posix)p Fu(-conforman)m(t)g(b)m(y)g(default,)h(b)m(y)f(sp)s
-(ecifying)g(the)g Ft(--enable-)150 1183 y(strict-posix-default)c
-Fu(to)27 b Ft(configure)e Fu(when)h(building)h(\(see)h(Section)g(10.8)g
-([Optional)g(F)-8 b(eatures],)150 1292 y(page)31 b(161\).)150
-1542 y Fs(6.12)68 b(Shell)46 b(Compatibilit)l(y)h(Mo)t(de)150
-1701 y Fu(Bash-4.0)33 b(in)m(tro)s(duced)f(the)f(concept)i(of)f(a)g
-Fr(shell)g(compatibilit)m(y)i(lev)m(el)p Fu(,)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)d(as)h
-(a)g(set)h(of)f(options)150 1811 y(to)f(the)f(shopt)g(builtin)g(\()p
-Ft(compat31)p Fu(,)e Ft(compat32)p Fu(,)h Ft(compat40)p
-Fu(,)f Ft(compat41)p Fu(,)g(and)i(so)g(on\).)41 b(There)30
-b(is)g(only)150 1920 y(one)f(curren)m(t)f(compatibilit)m(y)j(lev)m(el)f
-({)f(eac)m(h)h(option)f(is)g(m)m(utually)g(exclusiv)m(e.)41
-b(The)28 b(compatibilit)m(y)j(lev)m(el)150 2030 y(is)39
-b(in)m(tended)g(to)h(allo)m(w)g(users)e(to)i(select)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)e
-(from)f(previous)h(v)m(ersions)g(that)h(is)f(incompatible)150
-2139 y(with)d(new)m(er)g(v)m(ersions)g(while)g(they)g(migrate)h
-(scripts)f(to)h(use)f(curren)m(t)f(features)i(and)e(b)s(eha)m(vior.)58
-b(It's)150 2249 y(in)m(tended)30 b(to)h(b)s(e)f(a)h(temp)s(orary)f
-(solution.)275 2389 y(This)k(section)j(do)s(es)e(not)h(men)m(tion)g(b)s
-(eha)m(vior)g(that)g(is)f(standard)g(for)g(a)h(particular)g(v)m(ersion)
-g(\(e.g.,)150 2499 y(setting)d Ft(compat32)c Fu(means)i(that)i(quoting)
-e(the)h(rhs)f(of)g(the)h(regexp)g(matc)m(hing)h(op)s(erator)e(quotes)h
-(sp)s(e-)150 2608 y(cial)39 b(regexp)e(c)m(haracters)i(in)e(the)g(w)m
-(ord,)i(whic)m(h)e(is)g(default)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(in)g(bash-3.2)h(and)
-f(subsequen)m(t)150 2718 y(v)m(ersions\).)275 2858 y(If)29
-b(a)h(user)f(enables,)h(sa)m(y)-8 b(,)31 b Ft(compat32)p
-Fu(,)d(it)i(ma)m(y)g(a\013ect)h(the)f(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(of)g(other)g
-(compatibilit)m(y)h(lev)m(els)150 2968 y(up)23 b(to)h(and)f(including)h
-(the)g(curren)m(t)f(compatibilit)m(y)j(lev)m(el.)41 b(The)23
-b(idea)h(is)g(that)g(eac)m(h)h(compatibilit)m(y)h(lev)m(el)150
-3077 y(con)m(trols)35 b(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(that)g(c)m(hanged)g(in)f(that)
-h(v)m(ersion)g(of)g(Bash,)h(but)e(that)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(ma)m(y)g(ha)m
-(v)m(e)h(b)s(een)150 3187 y(presen)m(t)f(in)g(earlier)g(v)m(ersions.)52
-b(F)-8 b(or)35 b(instance,)g(the)f(c)m(hange)h(to)g(use)f(lo)s
-(cale-based)h(comparisons)f(with)150 3296 y(the)e Ft([[)f
-Fu(command)g(came)h(in)g(bash-4.1,)h(and)d(earlier)j(v)m(ersions)f
-(used)f(ASCI)s(I-based)f(comparisons,)i(so)150 3406 y(enabling)27
-b Ft(compat32)e Fu(will)i(enable)g(ASCI)s(I-based)e(comparisons)i(as)g
-(w)m(ell.)41 b(That)26 b(gran)m(ularit)m(y)i(ma)m(y)g(not)150
-3515 y(b)s(e)i(su\016cien)m(t)i(for)f(all)g(uses,)g(and)g(as)g(a)g
-(result)g(users)f(should)g(emplo)m(y)i(compatibilit)m(y)h(lev)m(els)g
-(carefully)-8 b(.)150 3625 y(Read)31 b(the)f(do)s(cumen)m(tation)h(for)
-g(a)f(particular)h(feature)g(to)g(\014nd)e(out)h(the)h(curren)m(t)f(b)s
-(eha)m(vior.)275 3765 y(Bash-4.3)44 b(in)m(tro)s(duced)e(a)h(new)f
-(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable:)65 b Ft(BASH_COMPAT)p Fu(.)75
-b(The)42 b(v)-5 b(alue)43 b(assigned)g(to)g(this)150
-3875 y(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(\(a)g(decimal)h(v)m(ersion)e(n)m(um)m(b)s
-(er)f(lik)m(e)j(4.2,)g(or)e(an)h(in)m(teger)g(corresp)s(onding)f(to)h
-(the)f Ft(compat)p Fr(NN)150 3984 y Fu(option,)g(lik)m(e)h(42\))f
-(determines)g(the)f(compatibilit)m(y)j(lev)m(el.)275
-4125 y(Starting)e(with)g(bash-4.4,)h(Bash)f(has)g(b)s(egun)f
-(deprecating)h(older)h(compatibilit)m(y)h(lev)m(els.)44
-b(Ev)m(en)m(tu-)150 4234 y(ally)-8 b(,)32 b(the)e(options)h(will)g(b)s
+Ft(ed)g Fu(if)g Ft(EDITOR)f Fu(is)h(unset.)199 2315 y(2.)61
+b(A)37 b(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)e(do)s(es)f(not)h(exit)h(if)e(a)
+h(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b(assignmen)m(t)f(preceding)g(the)g
+Ft(command)330 2425 y Fu(builtin)30 b(or)g(another)h(non-sp)s(ecial)g
+(builtin)f(fails.)199 2557 y(3.)61 b(As)29 b(noted)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e,)i
+(Bash)e(requires)g(the)g Ft(xpg_echo)e Fu(option)j(to)g(b)s(e)e
+(enabled)h(for)g(the)g Ft(echo)f Fu(builtin)330 2666
+y(to)j(b)s(e)f(fully)g(conforman)m(t.)275 2820 y(Bash)c(can)g(b)s(e)f
+(con\014gured)h(to)g(b)s(e)g Fm(posix)p Fu(-conforman)m(t)g(b)m(y)g
+(default,)h(b)m(y)f(sp)s(ecifying)g(the)g Ft(--enable-)150
+2929 y(strict-posix-default)c Fu(to)27 b Ft(configure)e
+Fu(when)h(building)h(\(see)h(Section)g(10.8)g([Optional)g(F)-8
+b(eatures],)150 3039 y(page)31 b(164\).)150 3274 y Fs(6.12)68
+b(Shell)46 b(Compatibilit)l(y)h(Mo)t(de)150 3433 y Fu(Bash-4.0)33
+b(in)m(tro)s(duced)f(the)f(concept)i(of)f(a)g Fr(shell)g(compatibilit)m
+(y)i(lev)m(el)p Fu(,)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)d(as)h(a)g(set)h(of)f(options)150
+3543 y(to)f(the)f(shopt)g(builtin)g(\()p Ft(compat31)p
+Fu(,)e Ft(compat32)p Fu(,)h Ft(compat40)p Fu(,)f Ft(compat41)p
+Fu(,)g(and)i(so)g(on\).)41 b(There)30 b(is)g(only)150
+3652 y(one)f(curren)m(t)f(compatibilit)m(y)j(lev)m(el)f({)f(eac)m(h)h
+(option)f(is)g(m)m(utually)g(exclusiv)m(e.)41 b(The)28
+b(compatibilit)m(y)j(lev)m(el)150 3762 y(is)39 b(in)m(tended)g(to)h
+(allo)m(w)g(users)e(to)i(select)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)e(from)f(previous)h(v)
+m(ersions)g(that)h(is)f(incompatible)150 3871 y(with)d(new)m(er)g(v)m
+(ersions)g(while)g(they)g(migrate)h(scripts)f(to)h(use)f(curren)m(t)f
+(features)i(and)e(b)s(eha)m(vior.)58 b(It's)150 3981
+y(in)m(tended)30 b(to)h(b)s(e)f(a)h(temp)s(orary)f(solution.)275
+4113 y(This)k(section)j(do)s(es)e(not)h(men)m(tion)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)g
+(that)g(is)f(standard)g(for)g(a)h(particular)g(v)m(ersion)g(\(e.g.,)150
+4222 y(setting)d Ft(compat32)c Fu(means)i(that)i(quoting)e(the)h(rhs)f
+(of)g(the)h(regexp)g(matc)m(hing)h(op)s(erator)e(quotes)h(sp)s(e-)150
+4332 y(cial)39 b(regexp)e(c)m(haracters)i(in)e(the)g(w)m(ord,)i(whic)m
+(h)e(is)g(default)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(in)g(bash-3.2)h(and)f(subsequen)m
+(t)150 4441 y(v)m(ersions\).)275 4573 y(If)29 b(a)h(user)f(enables,)h
+(sa)m(y)-8 b(,)31 b Ft(compat32)p Fu(,)d(it)i(ma)m(y)g(a\013ect)h(the)f
+(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(of)g(other)g(compatibilit)m(y)h(lev)m(els)150
+4682 y(up)23 b(to)h(and)f(including)h(the)g(curren)m(t)f(compatibilit)m
+(y)j(lev)m(el.)41 b(The)23 b(idea)h(is)g(that)g(eac)m(h)h(compatibilit)
+m(y)h(lev)m(el)150 4792 y(con)m(trols)35 b(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(that)g(c)m
+(hanged)g(in)f(that)h(v)m(ersion)g(of)g(Bash,)h(but)e(that)h(b)s(eha)m
+(vior)g(ma)m(y)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(b)s(een)150 4902 y(presen)m(t)f(in)g
+(earlier)g(v)m(ersions.)52 b(F)-8 b(or)35 b(instance,)g(the)f(c)m
+(hange)h(to)g(use)f(lo)s(cale-based)h(comparisons)f(with)150
+5011 y(the)e Ft([[)f Fu(command)g(came)h(in)g(bash-4.1,)h(and)d
+(earlier)j(v)m(ersions)f(used)f(ASCI)s(I-based)f(comparisons,)i(so)150
+5121 y(enabling)27 b Ft(compat32)e Fu(will)i(enable)g(ASCI)s(I-based)e
+(comparisons)i(as)g(w)m(ell.)41 b(That)26 b(gran)m(ularit)m(y)i(ma)m(y)
+g(not)150 5230 y(b)s(e)i(su\016cien)m(t)i(for)f(all)g(uses,)g(and)g(as)
+g(a)g(result)g(users)f(should)g(emplo)m(y)i(compatibilit)m(y)h(lev)m
+(els)g(carefully)-8 b(.)150 5340 y(Read)31 b(the)f(do)s(cumen)m(tation)
+h(for)g(a)f(particular)h(feature)g(to)g(\014nd)e(out)h(the)h(curren)m
+(t)f(b)s(eha)m(vior.)p eop end
+%%Page: 113 119
+TeXDict begin 113 118 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(113)275 299 y(Bash-4.3)44
+b(in)m(tro)s(duced)e(a)h(new)f(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable:)65
+b Ft(BASH_COMPAT)p Fu(.)75 b(The)42 b(v)-5 b(alue)43
+b(assigned)g(to)g(this)150 408 y(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(\(a)g(decimal)h(v)
+m(ersion)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(lik)m(e)j(4.2,)g(or)e(an)h(in)m(teger)g
+(corresp)s(onding)f(to)h(the)f Ft(compat)p Fr(NN)150
+518 y Fu(option,)g(lik)m(e)h(42\))f(determines)g(the)f(compatibilit)m
+(y)j(lev)m(el.)275 666 y(Starting)e(with)g(bash-4.4,)h(Bash)f(has)g(b)s
+(egun)f(deprecating)h(older)h(compatibilit)m(y)h(lev)m(els.)44
+b(Ev)m(en)m(tu-)150 775 y(ally)-8 b(,)32 b(the)e(options)h(will)g(b)s
(e)f(remo)m(v)m(ed)h(in)f(fa)m(v)m(or)i(of)e Ft(BASH_COMPAT)p
-Fu(.)275 4374 y(Bash-5.0)36 b(is)f(the)g(\014nal)f(v)m(ersion)i(for)e
+Fu(.)275 923 y(Bash-5.0)36 b(is)f(the)g(\014nal)f(v)m(ersion)i(for)e
(whic)m(h)h(there)g(will)g(b)s(e)f(an)h(individual)f(shopt)h(option)g
-(for)g(the)150 4484 y(previous)30 b(v)m(ersion.)41 b(Users)30
+(for)g(the)150 1033 y(previous)30 b(v)m(ersion.)41 b(Users)30
b(should)g(use)g Ft(BASH_COMPAT)d Fu(on)j(bash-5.0)h(and)f(later)i(v)m
-(ersions.)275 4624 y(The)24 b(follo)m(wing)i(table)g(describ)s(es)e
+(ersions.)275 1181 y(The)24 b(follo)m(wing)i(table)g(describ)s(es)e
(the)i(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(c)m(hanges)h(con)m(trolled)g(b)m(y)f(eac)m(h)h
-(compatibilit)m(y)h(lev)m(el)150 4734 y(setting.)43 b(The)30
+(compatibilit)m(y)h(lev)m(el)150 1290 y(setting.)43 b(The)30
b Ft(compat)p Fr(NN)39 b Fu(tag)32 b(is)f(used)f(as)h(shorthand)e(for)h
(setting)i(the)f(compatibilit)m(y)i(lev)m(el)f(to)g Fr(NN)150
-4843 y Fu(using)37 b(one)h(of)g(the)g(follo)m(wing)h(mec)m(hanisms.)63
+1400 y Fu(using)37 b(one)h(of)g(the)g(follo)m(wing)h(mec)m(hanisms.)63
b(F)-8 b(or)39 b(v)m(ersions)f(prior)f(to)h(bash-5.0,)j(the)d
-(compatibilit)m(y)150 4953 y(lev)m(el)d(ma)m(y)f(b)s(e)e(set)i(using)e
+(compatibilit)m(y)150 1509 y(lev)m(el)d(ma)m(y)f(b)s(e)e(set)i(using)e
(the)i(corresp)s(onding)e Ft(compat)p Fr(NN)41 b Fu(shopt)33
b(option.)50 b(F)-8 b(or)34 b(bash-4.3)f(and)g(later)150
-5062 y(v)m(ersions,)40 b(the)e Ft(BASH_COMPAT)d Fu(v)-5
+1619 y(v)m(ersions,)40 b(the)e Ft(BASH_COMPAT)d Fu(v)-5
b(ariable)39 b(is)e(preferred,)i(and)e(it)i(is)f(required)f(for)g
-(bash-5.1)i(and)e(later)150 5172 y(v)m(ersions.)150 5340
-y Ft(compat31)p eop end
-%%Page: 111 117
-TeXDict begin 111 116 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(111)705 299 y Fq(\017)60
-b Fu(quoting)34 b(the)g(rhs)e(of)i(the)f Ft([[)g Fu(command's)h(regexp)
-f(matc)m(hing)i(op)s(erator)f(\(=)p Ft(~)p Fu(\))f(has)810
-408 y(no)d(sp)s(ecial)h(e\013ect)150 568 y Ft(compat32)705
-702 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(in)m(terrupting)28 b(a)g(command)g(list)h(suc)m
-(h)f(as)g Ft(")p Fu(a)g(;)h(b)f(;)h(c)p Ft(")f Fu(causes)h(the)f
-(execution)h(of)g(the)810 812 y(next)j(command)f(in)g(the)h(list)g
-(\(in)f(bash-4.0)h(and)f(later)i(v)m(ersions,)f(the)g(shell)f(acts)i
-(as)810 922 y(if)i(it)i(receiv)m(ed)f(the)g(in)m(terrupt,)h(so)f(in)m
-(terrupting)f(one)h(command)f(in)g(a)h(list)g(ab)s(orts)810
-1031 y(the)31 b(execution)g(of)g(the)f(en)m(tire)i(list\))150
-1191 y Ft(compat40)705 1325 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)35
-b(`)p Ft(<)p Fu(')g(and)f(`)p Ft(>)p Fu(')g(op)s(erators)h(to)g(the)g
-Ft([[)f Fu(command)h(do)f(not)h(consider)f(the)h(curren)m(t)810
-1435 y(lo)s(cale)41 b(when)d(comparing)i(strings;)k(they)c(use)f(ASCI)s
-(I)f(ordering.)67 b(Bash)40 b(v)m(ersions)810 1544 y(prior)f(to)i
-(bash-4.1)f(use)g(ASCI)s(I)e(collation)k(and)d(strcmp\(3\);)45
-b(bash-4.1)c(and)e(later)810 1654 y(use)30 b(the)h(curren)m(t)f(lo)s
-(cale's)i(collation)h(sequence)d(and)g(strcoll\(3\).)150
-1813 y Ft(compat41)705 1948 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(in)29 b(p)s(osix)f(mo)s
-(de,)i Ft(time)e Fu(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)g(follo)m(w)m(ed)i(b)m(y)e(options)g
-(and)g(still)h(b)s(e)e(recognized)j(as)810 2057 y(a)g(reserv)m(ed)f(w)m
-(ord)g(\(this)h(is)f Fm(posix)g Fu(in)m(terpretation)i(267\))705
-2192 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(in)37 b(p)s(osix)f(mo)s(de,)i(the)g(parser)e
-(requires)g(that)i(an)f(ev)m(en)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(single)g
-(quotes)810 2301 y(o)s(ccur)28 b(in)g(the)h Fr(w)m(ord)i
-Fu(p)s(ortion)d(of)h(a)g(double-quoted)f($)p Fi({)6 b
-Fu(.)23 b(.)f(.)11 b Fi(})29 b Fu(parameter)g(expansion)810
-2411 y(and)34 b(treats)h(them)f(sp)s(ecially)-8 b(,)37
-b(so)e(that)g(c)m(haracters)g(within)f(the)h(single)g(quotes)g(are)810
-2521 y(considered)30 b(quoted)h(\(this)f(is)h Fm(posix)e
-Fu(in)m(terpretation)j(221\))150 2680 y Ft(compat42)705
-2814 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)29 b(replacemen)m(t)i(string)e(in)g
+(bash-5.1)i(and)e(later)150 1729 y(v)m(ersions.)150 1908
+y Ft(compat31)705 2049 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(quoting)34 b(the)g(rhs)e(of)i
+(the)f Ft([[)g Fu(command's)h(regexp)f(matc)m(hing)i(op)s(erator)f(\(=)
+p Ft(~)p Fu(\))f(has)810 2159 y(no)d(sp)s(ecial)h(e\013ect)150
+2331 y Ft(compat32)705 2472 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(in)m(terrupting)28
+b(a)g(command)g(list)h(suc)m(h)f(as)g Ft(")p Fu(a)g(;)h(b)f(;)h(c)p
+Ft(")f Fu(causes)h(the)f(execution)h(of)g(the)810 2582
+y(next)j(command)f(in)g(the)h(list)g(\(in)f(bash-4.0)h(and)f(later)i(v)
+m(ersions,)f(the)g(shell)f(acts)i(as)810 2692 y(if)i(it)i(receiv)m(ed)f
+(the)g(in)m(terrupt,)h(so)f(in)m(terrupting)f(one)h(command)f(in)g(a)h
+(list)g(ab)s(orts)810 2801 y(the)31 b(execution)g(of)g(the)f(en)m(tire)
+i(list\))150 2974 y Ft(compat40)705 3115 y Fq(\017)60
+b Fu(the)35 b(`)p Ft(<)p Fu(')g(and)f(`)p Ft(>)p Fu(')g(op)s(erators)h
+(to)g(the)g Ft([[)f Fu(command)h(do)f(not)h(consider)f(the)h(curren)m
+(t)810 3225 y(lo)s(cale)41 b(when)d(comparing)i(strings;)k(they)c(use)f
+(ASCI)s(I)f(ordering.)67 b(Bash)40 b(v)m(ersions)810
+3334 y(prior)f(to)i(bash-4.1)f(use)g(ASCI)s(I)e(collation)k(and)d
+(strcmp\(3\);)45 b(bash-4.1)c(and)e(later)810 3444 y(use)30
+b(the)h(curren)m(t)f(lo)s(cale's)i(collation)h(sequence)d(and)g
+(strcoll\(3\).)150 3616 y Ft(compat41)705 3758 y Fq(\017)60
+b Fu(in)29 b(p)s(osix)f(mo)s(de,)i Ft(time)e Fu(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)g(follo)
+m(w)m(ed)i(b)m(y)e(options)g(and)g(still)h(b)s(e)e(recognized)j(as)810
+3867 y(a)g(reserv)m(ed)f(w)m(ord)g(\(this)h(is)f Fm(posix)g
+Fu(in)m(terpretation)i(267\))705 4008 y Fq(\017)60 b
+Fu(in)37 b(p)s(osix)f(mo)s(de,)i(the)g(parser)e(requires)g(that)i(an)f
+(ev)m(en)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(single)g(quotes)810
+4118 y(o)s(ccur)28 b(in)g(the)h Fr(w)m(ord)i Fu(p)s(ortion)d(of)h(a)g
+(double-quoted)f($)p Fi({)6 b Fu(.)23 b(.)f(.)11 b Fi(})29
+b Fu(parameter)g(expansion)810 4227 y(and)34 b(treats)h(them)f(sp)s
+(ecially)-8 b(,)37 b(so)e(that)g(c)m(haracters)g(within)f(the)h(single)
+g(quotes)g(are)810 4337 y(considered)30 b(quoted)h(\(this)f(is)h
+Fm(posix)e Fu(in)m(terpretation)j(221\))150 4510 y Ft(compat42)705
+4651 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)29 b(replacemen)m(t)i(string)e(in)g
(double-quoted)h(pattern)f(substitution)g(do)s(es)g(not)h(un-)810
-2924 y(dergo)h(quote)g(remo)m(v)-5 b(al,)32 b(as)e(it)h(do)s(es)f(in)g
-(v)m(ersions)h(after)g(bash-4.2)705 3059 y Fq(\017)60
+4760 y(dergo)h(quote)g(remo)m(v)-5 b(al,)32 b(as)e(it)h(do)s(es)f(in)g
+(v)m(ersions)h(after)g(bash-4.2)705 4902 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(in)39 b(p)s(osix)g(mo)s(de,)j(single)e(quotes)g(are)g(considered)f
-(sp)s(ecial)h(when)f(expanding)g(the)810 3168 y Fr(w)m(ord)d
+(sp)s(ecial)h(when)f(expanding)g(the)810 5011 y Fr(w)m(ord)d
Fu(p)s(ortion)c(of)g(a)h(double-quoted)g($)p Fi({)6 b
Fu(.)22 b(.)h(.)11 b Fi(})33 b Fu(parameter)g(expansion)f(and)g(can)h
-(b)s(e)810 3278 y(used)40 b(to)i(quote)g(a)f(closing)h(brace)f(or)g
+(b)s(e)810 5121 y(used)40 b(to)i(quote)g(a)f(closing)h(brace)f(or)g
(other)h(sp)s(ecial)f(c)m(haracter)i(\(this)e(is)g(part)g(of)810
-3387 y Fm(posix)36 b Fu(in)m(terpretation)h(221\);)42
+5230 y Fm(posix)36 b Fu(in)m(terpretation)h(221\);)42
b(in)36 b(later)h(v)m(ersions,)h(single)f(quotes)g(are)g(not)f(sp)s
-(ecial)810 3497 y(within)30 b(double-quoted)g(w)m(ord)g(expansions)150
-3656 y Ft(compat43)705 3791 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)31
-b(shell)g(do)s(es)g(not)g(prin)m(t)f(a)h(w)m(arning)g(message)h(if)f
-(an)g(attempt)h(is)f(made)f(to)i(use)f(a)810 3900 y(quoted)36
-b(comp)s(ound)e(assignmen)m(t)i(as)g(an)g(argumen)m(t)g(to)g(declare)h
-(\(e.g.,)i(declare)d(-a)810 4010 y(fo)s(o='\(1)31 b(2\)'\).)42
-b(Later)31 b(v)m(ersions)g(w)m(arn)f(that)h(this)f(usage)h(is)g
-(deprecated)705 4144 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(w)m(ord)21 b(expansion)g(errors)
-g(are)h(considered)f(non-fatal)h(errors)f(that)h(cause)g(the)f(curren)m
-(t)810 4254 y(command)k(to)g(fail,)i(ev)m(en)e(in)g(p)s(osix)f(mo)s(de)
-h(\(the)g(default)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(is)g(to)g(mak)m(e)h(them)810
-4364 y(fatal)32 b(errors)d(that)i(cause)g(the)g(shell)f(to)i(exit\))705
-4498 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(when)37 b(executing)i(a)g(shell)f(function,)i
-(the)f(lo)s(op)f(state)h(\(while/un)m(til/etc.\))68 b(is)38
-b(not)810 4608 y(reset,)c(so)g Ft(break)d Fu(or)i Ft(continue)e
-Fu(in)h(that)i(function)f(will)g(break)g(or)g(con)m(tin)m(ue)h(lo)s
-(ops)810 4717 y(in)h(the)g(calling)h(con)m(text.)57 b(Bash-4.4)37
-b(and)d(later)i(reset)g(the)f(lo)s(op)g(state)i(to)e(prev)m(en)m(t)810
-4827 y(this)150 4986 y Ft(compat44)705 5121 y Fq(\017)60
-b Fu(the)41 b(shell)g(sets)g(up)e(the)i(v)-5 b(alues)41
-b(used)f(b)m(y)h Ft(BASH_ARGV)d Fu(and)i Ft(BASH_ARGC)e
-Fu(so)j(they)810 5230 y(can)26 b(expand)f(to)h(the)g(shell's)g(p)s
-(ositional)g(parameters)g(ev)m(en)h(if)e(extended)h(debugging)810
-5340 y(mo)s(de)k(is)g(not)h(enabled)p eop end
-%%Page: 112 118
-TeXDict begin 112 117 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
-b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(112)705 299 y Fq(\017)60
-b Fu(a)40 b(subshell)f(inherits)g(lo)s(ops)h(from)g(its)g(paren)m(t)g
-(con)m(text,)k(so)c Ft(break)e Fu(or)i Ft(continue)810
-408 y Fu(will)35 b(cause)g(the)f(subshell)f(to)i(exit.)54
-b(Bash-5.0)36 b(and)d(later)j(reset)f(the)f(lo)s(op)h(state)g(to)810
-518 y(prev)m(en)m(t)c(the)g(exit)705 653 y Fq(\017)60
-b Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)28 b(assignmen)m(ts)h(preceding)f(builtins)f(lik)m
-(e)i Ft(export)d Fu(and)h Ft(readonly)e Fu(that)j(set)810
-762 y(attributes)37 b(con)m(tin)m(ue)h(to)g(a\013ect)g(v)-5
-b(ariables)37 b(with)g(the)f(same)h(name)g(in)g(the)f(calling)810
-872 y(en)m(vironmen)m(t)31 b(ev)m(en)g(if)f(the)h(shell)g(is)f(not)h
-(in)f(p)s(osix)f(mo)s(de)150 1031 y Ft(compat50)f(\(set)h(using)g
-(BASH_COMPAT\))705 1141 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash-5.1)29
+(ecial)810 5340 y(within)30 b(double-quoted)g(w)m(ord)g(expansions)p
+eop end
+%%Page: 114 120
+TeXDict begin 114 119 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(114)150 299 y Ft(compat43)705
+434 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)31 b(shell)g(do)s(es)g(not)g(prin)m(t)f(a)h
+(w)m(arning)g(message)h(if)f(an)g(attempt)h(is)f(made)f(to)i(use)f(a)
+810 544 y(quoted)36 b(comp)s(ound)e(assignmen)m(t)i(as)g(an)g(argumen)m
+(t)g(to)g(declare)h(\(e.g.,)i(declare)d(-a)810 653 y(fo)s(o='\(1)31
+b(2\)'\).)42 b(Later)31 b(v)m(ersions)g(w)m(arn)f(that)h(this)f(usage)h
+(is)g(deprecated)705 789 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(w)m(ord)21
+b(expansion)g(errors)g(are)h(considered)f(non-fatal)h(errors)f(that)h
+(cause)g(the)f(curren)m(t)810 898 y(command)k(to)g(fail,)i(ev)m(en)e
+(in)g(p)s(osix)f(mo)s(de)h(\(the)g(default)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(is)g(to)g
+(mak)m(e)h(them)810 1008 y(fatal)32 b(errors)d(that)i(cause)g(the)g
+(shell)f(to)i(exit\))705 1143 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(when)37
+b(executing)i(a)g(shell)f(function,)i(the)f(lo)s(op)f(state)h
+(\(while/un)m(til/etc.\))68 b(is)38 b(not)810 1253 y(reset,)c(so)g
+Ft(break)d Fu(or)i Ft(continue)e Fu(in)h(that)i(function)f(will)g
+(break)g(or)g(con)m(tin)m(ue)h(lo)s(ops)810 1363 y(in)h(the)g(calling)h
+(con)m(text.)57 b(Bash-4.4)37 b(and)d(later)i(reset)g(the)f(lo)s(op)g
+(state)i(to)e(prev)m(en)m(t)810 1472 y(this)150 1633
+y Ft(compat44)705 1769 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)41 b(shell)g(sets)g(up)e
+(the)i(v)-5 b(alues)41 b(used)f(b)m(y)h Ft(BASH_ARGV)d
+Fu(and)i Ft(BASH_ARGC)e Fu(so)j(they)810 1878 y(can)26
+b(expand)f(to)h(the)g(shell's)g(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)g(ev)m(en)h
+(if)e(extended)h(debugging)810 1988 y(mo)s(de)k(is)g(not)h(enabled)705
+2123 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(a)40 b(subshell)f(inherits)g(lo)s(ops)h(from)g
+(its)g(paren)m(t)g(con)m(text,)k(so)c Ft(break)e Fu(or)i
+Ft(continue)810 2233 y Fu(will)35 b(cause)g(the)f(subshell)f(to)i
+(exit.)54 b(Bash-5.0)36 b(and)d(later)j(reset)f(the)f(lo)s(op)h(state)g
+(to)810 2342 y(prev)m(en)m(t)c(the)g(exit)705 2478 y
+Fq(\017)60 b Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)28 b(assignmen)m(ts)h(preceding)f
+(builtins)f(lik)m(e)i Ft(export)d Fu(and)h Ft(readonly)e
+Fu(that)j(set)810 2587 y(attributes)37 b(con)m(tin)m(ue)h(to)g
+(a\013ect)g(v)-5 b(ariables)37 b(with)g(the)f(same)h(name)g(in)g(the)f
+(calling)810 2697 y(en)m(vironmen)m(t)31 b(ev)m(en)g(if)f(the)h(shell)g
+(is)f(not)h(in)f(p)s(osix)f(mo)s(de)150 2858 y Ft(compat50)f(\(set)h
+(using)g(BASH_COMPAT\))705 2968 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash-5.1)29
b(c)m(hanged)g(the)f(w)m(a)m(y)g Ft($RANDOM)e Fu(is)i(generated)h(to)f
-(in)m(tro)s(duce)g(sligh)m(tly)h(more)810 1250 y(randomness.)39
+(in)m(tro)s(duce)g(sligh)m(tly)h(more)810 3077 y(randomness.)39
b(If)30 b(the)f(shell)h(compatibilit)m(y)i(lev)m(el)f(is)f(set)g(to)h
-(50)f(or)g(lo)m(w)m(er,)h(it)f(rev)m(erts)810 1360 y(to)e(the)g(metho)s
+(50)f(or)g(lo)m(w)m(er,)h(it)f(rev)m(erts)810 3187 y(to)e(the)g(metho)s
(d)f(from)g(bash-5.0)h(and)f(previous)g(v)m(ersions,)i(so)e(seeding)h
-(the)g(random)810 1469 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)36 b(generator)j(b)m(y)e
+(the)g(random)810 3296 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)36 b(generator)j(b)m(y)e
(assigning)h(a)g(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(to)g Ft(RANDOM)e Fu(will)i(pro)s
-(duce)e(the)i(same)810 1579 y(sequence)31 b(as)f(in)g(bash-5.0)705
-1714 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(If)22 b(the)g(command)g(hash)f(table)i(is)f
+(duce)e(the)i(same)810 3406 y(sequence)31 b(as)f(in)g(bash-5.0)705
+3541 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(If)22 b(the)g(command)g(hash)f(table)i(is)f
(empt)m(y)-8 b(,)25 b(Bash)d(v)m(ersions)g(prior)g(to)h(bash-5.1)f
-(prin)m(ted)810 1823 y(an)29 b(informational)i(message)g(to)f(that)g
+(prin)m(ted)810 3651 y(an)29 b(informational)i(message)g(to)f(that)g
(e\013ect,)h(ev)m(en)g(when)d(pro)s(ducing)g(output)h(that)810
-1933 y(can)40 b(b)s(e)g(reused)f(as)h(input.)69 b(Bash-5.1)42
+3761 y(can)40 b(b)s(e)g(reused)f(as)h(input.)69 b(Bash-5.1)42
b(suppresses)c(that)j(message)g(when)e(the)i Ft(-l)810
-2042 y Fu(option)31 b(is)f(supplied.)150 2202 y Ft(compat51)e(\(set)h
-(using)g(BASH_COMPAT\))705 2311 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)38
+3870 y Fu(option)31 b(is)f(supplied.)150 4031 y Ft(compat51)e(\(set)h
+(using)g(BASH_COMPAT\))705 4141 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)38
b Ft(unset)g Fu(builtin)g(will)h(unset)f(the)h(arra)m(y)g
Ft(a)g Fu(giv)m(en)g(an)g(argumen)m(t)g(lik)m(e)h(`)p
-Ft(a[@])p Fu('.)810 2421 y(Bash-5.2)32 b(will)f(unset)f(an)g(elemen)m
+Ft(a[@])p Fu('.)810 4251 y(Bash-5.2)32 b(will)f(unset)f(an)g(elemen)m
(t)i(with)e(k)m(ey)i(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')e(\(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)k(arra)m
-(ys\))d(or)f(remo)m(v)m(e)810 2531 y(all)h(the)g(elemen)m(ts)h(without)
+(ys\))d(or)f(remo)m(v)m(e)810 4360 y(all)h(the)g(elemen)m(ts)h(without)
e(unsetting)g(the)h(arra)m(y)g(\(indexed)f(arra)m(ys\))705
-2665 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(arithmetic)36 b(commands)e(\()h(\(\(...\)\))55
+4495 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(arithmetic)36 b(commands)e(\()h(\(\(...\)\))55
b(\))f(and)34 b(the)g(expressions)h(in)f(an)g(arithmetic)i(for)810
-2775 y(statemen)m(t)c(can)f(b)s(e)f(expanded)f(more)i(than)f(once)705
-2909 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(expressions)22 b(used)g(as)h(argumen)m(ts)g(to)h
+4605 y(statemen)m(t)c(can)f(b)s(e)f(expanded)f(more)i(than)f(once)705
+4740 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(expressions)22 b(used)g(as)h(argumen)m(ts)g(to)h
(arithmetic)f(op)s(erators)g(in)g(the)g Ft([[)f Fu(conditional)810
-3019 y(command)30 b(can)h(b)s(e)f(expanded)f(more)i(than)f(once)705
-3153 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)35 b(expressions)g(in)g(substring)e
+4850 y(command)30 b(can)h(b)s(e)f(expanded)f(more)i(than)f(once)705
+4985 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)35 b(expressions)g(in)g(substring)e
(parameter)j(brace)f(expansion)g(can)g(b)s(e)g(expanded)810
-3263 y(more)c(than)f(once)705 3397 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)39
+5095 y(more)c(than)f(once)705 5230 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)39
b(expressions)f(in)g(the)h($\(\()h(...)66 b(\)\))f(w)m(ord)39
-b(expansion)f(can)h(b)s(e)f(expanded)g(more)810 3507
-y(than)30 b(once)705 3641 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(arithmetic)36
-b(expressions)f(used)f(as)h(indexed)f(arra)m(y)i(subscripts)d(can)i(b)s
-(e)g(expanded)810 3751 y(more)c(than)f(once)705 3885
-y Fq(\017)60 b Ft(test)29 b(-v)p Fu(,)35 b(when)f(giv)m(en)h(an)g
+b(expansion)f(can)h(b)s(e)f(expanded)g(more)810 5340
+y(than)30 b(once)p eop end
+%%Page: 115 121
+TeXDict begin 115 120 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
+b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(115)705 299 y Fq(\017)60
+b Fu(arithmetic)36 b(expressions)f(used)f(as)h(indexed)f(arra)m(y)i
+(subscripts)d(can)i(b)s(e)g(expanded)810 408 y(more)c(than)f(once)705
+543 y Fq(\017)60 b Ft(test)29 b(-v)p Fu(,)35 b(when)f(giv)m(en)h(an)g
(argumen)m(t)g(of)f(`)p Ft(A[@])p Fu(',)h(where)f Fr(A)h
-Fu(is)f(an)h(existing)g(asso-)810 3995 y(ciativ)m(e)h(arra)m(y)-8
+Fu(is)f(an)h(existing)g(asso-)810 653 y(ciativ)m(e)h(arra)m(y)-8
b(,)37 b(will)d(return)f(true)g(if)h(the)h(arra)m(y)f(has)g(an)m(y)g
-(set)g(elemen)m(ts.)53 b(Bash-5.2)810 4105 y(will)31
-b(lo)s(ok)g(for)f(and)g(rep)s(ort)f(on)i(a)f(k)m(ey)i(named)d(`)p
-Ft(@)p Fu(')705 4239 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)40 b($)p Fi({)p
-Fr(parameter)7 b Fu([:]=)p Fr(v)-5 b(alue)5 b Fi(})42
-b Fu(w)m(ord)e(expansion)f(will)i(return)d Fr(v)-5 b(alue)p
-Fu(,)43 b(b)s(efore)d(an)m(y)810 4349 y(v)-5 b(ariable-sp)s(eci\014c)34
-b(transformations)f(ha)m(v)m(e)h(b)s(een)e(p)s(erformed)f(\(e.g.,)36
-b(con)m(v)m(erting)e(to)810 4458 y(lo)m(w)m(ercase\).)43
-b(Bash-5.2)32 b(will)f(return)e(the)i(\014nal)f(v)-5
-b(alue)31 b(assigned)f(to)i(the)e(v)-5 b(ariable.)705
-4593 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(P)m(arsing)37 b(command)f(substitutions)g(will)g
-(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)h(as)g(if)f(extended)g(glob)h(\(see)g(Sec-)810
-4702 y(tion)30 b(4.3.2)h([The)f(Shopt)f(Builtin],)h(page)h(71\))f(is)g
-(enabled,)g(so)g(that)g(parsing)f(a)h(com-)810 4812 y(mand)38
-b(substitution)g(con)m(taining)i(an)f(extglob)h(pattern)f(\(sa)m(y)-8
-b(,)42 b(as)d(part)g(of)g(a)g(shell)810 4922 y(function\))30
-b(will)h(not)g(fail.)41 b(This)30 b(assumes)g(the)h(in)m(ten)m(t)g(is)g
-(to)g(enable)g(extglob)g(b)s(efore)810 5031 y(the)i(command)f(is)g
-(executed)h(and)f(w)m(ord)g(expansions)g(are)h(p)s(erformed.)45
-b(It)33 b(will)f(fail)810 5141 y(at)42 b(w)m(ord)f(expansion)h(time)g
-(if)f(extglob)i(hasn't)e(b)s(een)g(enabled)h(b)m(y)f(the)h(time)g(the)
-810 5250 y(command)30 b(is)h(executed.)p eop end
-%%Page: 113 119
-TeXDict begin 113 118 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(113)150 299
+(set)g(elemen)m(ts.)53 b(Bash-5.2)810 762 y(will)31 b(lo)s(ok)g(for)f
+(and)g(rep)s(ort)f(on)i(a)f(k)m(ey)i(named)d(`)p Ft(@)p
+Fu(')705 897 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)40 b($)p Fi({)p Fr(parameter)7
+b Fu([:]=)p Fr(v)-5 b(alue)5 b Fi(})42 b Fu(w)m(ord)e(expansion)f(will)
+i(return)d Fr(v)-5 b(alue)p Fu(,)43 b(b)s(efore)d(an)m(y)810
+1006 y(v)-5 b(ariable-sp)s(eci\014c)34 b(transformations)f(ha)m(v)m(e)h
+(b)s(een)e(p)s(erformed)f(\(e.g.,)36 b(con)m(v)m(erting)e(to)810
+1116 y(lo)m(w)m(ercase\).)43 b(Bash-5.2)32 b(will)f(return)e(the)i
+(\014nal)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(assigned)f(to)i(the)e(v)-5
+b(ariable.)705 1250 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(P)m(arsing)37 b(command)f
+(substitutions)g(will)g(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)h(as)g(if)f(extended)g(glob)h
+(\(see)g(Sec-)810 1360 y(tion)30 b(4.3.2)h([The)f(Shopt)f(Builtin],)h
+(page)h(71\))f(is)g(enabled,)g(so)g(that)g(parsing)f(a)h(com-)810
+1469 y(mand)38 b(substitution)g(con)m(taining)i(an)f(extglob)h(pattern)
+f(\(sa)m(y)-8 b(,)42 b(as)d(part)g(of)g(a)g(shell)810
+1579 y(function\))30 b(will)h(not)g(fail.)41 b(This)30
+b(assumes)g(the)h(in)m(ten)m(t)g(is)g(to)g(enable)g(extglob)g(b)s
+(efore)810 1689 y(the)i(command)f(is)g(executed)h(and)f(w)m(ord)g
+(expansions)g(are)h(p)s(erformed.)45 b(It)33 b(will)f(fail)810
+1798 y(at)42 b(w)m(ord)f(expansion)h(time)g(if)f(extglob)i(hasn't)e(b)s
+(een)g(enabled)h(b)m(y)f(the)h(time)g(the)810 1908 y(command)30
+b(is)h(executed.)p eop end
+%%Page: 116 122
+TeXDict begin 116 121 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(116)150 299
y Fp(7)80 b(Job)54 b(Con)l(trol)150 518 y Fu(This)25
b(c)m(hapter)i(discusses)f(what)g(job)f(con)m(trol)j(is,)f(ho)m(w)f(it)
h(w)m(orks,)g(and)f(ho)m(w)g(Bash)g(allo)m(ws)h(y)m(ou)g(to)g(access)
i(\015agged)f(with)f(a)h(`)p Ft(+)p Fu(',)i(and)d(the)150
5340 y(previous)30 b(job)g(with)g(a)h(`)p Ft(-)p Fu('.)p
eop end
-%%Page: 114 120
-TeXDict begin 114 119 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(7:)41
-b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)2526 b(114)275 299 y(A)38 b(job)g(ma)m(y)h(also)g
+%%Page: 117 123
+TeXDict begin 117 122 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(7:)41
+b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)2526 b(117)275 299 y(A)38 b(job)g(ma)m(y)h(also)g
(b)s(e)f(referred)f(to)j(using)d(a)i(pre\014x)e(of)i(the)f(name)h(used)
e(to)i(start)g(it,)i(or)e(using)f(a)150 408 y(substring)g(that)j(app)s
(ears)e(in)g(its)h(command)f(line.)69 b(F)-8 b(or)41
5340 y Ft(-l)384 b Fu(List)31 b(pro)s(cess)f Fm(id)p
Fu(s)g(in)g(addition)h(to)g(the)f(normal)h(information.)p
eop end
-%%Page: 115 121
-TeXDict begin 115 120 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(7:)41
-b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)2526 b(115)630 299 y Ft(-n)384
+%%Page: 118 124
+TeXDict begin 118 123 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(7:)41
+b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)2526 b(118)630 299 y Ft(-n)384
b Fu(Displa)m(y)26 b(information)f(only)h(ab)s(out)e(jobs)h(that)g(ha)m
(v)m(e)i(c)m(hanged)e(status)h(since)1110 408 y(the)31
b(user)e(w)m(as)i(last)g(noti\014ed)f(of)h(their)f(status.)630
f(return)630 5340 y(status)j(will)f(b)s(e)g(greater)i(than)e(128,)i(as)
e(describ)s(ed)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)h(\(see)h(Section)f(3.7.6)h([Signals],)
p eop end
-%%Page: 116 122
-TeXDict begin 116 121 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(7:)41
-b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)2526 b(116)630 299 y(page)33 b(45\).)48
+%%Page: 119 125
+TeXDict begin 119 124 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(7:)41
+b(Job)30 b(Con)m(trol)2526 b(119)630 299 y(page)33 b(45\).)48
b(Otherwise,)32 b(the)h(return)e(status)i(is)f(the)g(exit)i(status)e
(of)h(the)f(last)h(pro)s(cess)f(or)630 408 y(job)e(w)m(aited)h(for.)150
568 y Ft(disown)870 702 y(disown)46 b([-ar])g([-h])h([)p
62 b(The)37 b(`)p Ft(substring)p Fu(')e(v)-5 b(alue)38
b(pro)m(vides)f(functionalit)m(y)i(analogous)g(to)630
4042 y(the)c(`)p Ft(\045?)p Fu(')g(job)g Fm(id)g Fu(\(see)h(Section)g
-(7.1)g([Job)e(Con)m(trol)i(Basics],)i(page)e(113\).)56
+(7.1)g([Job)e(Con)m(trol)i(Basics],)i(page)e(116\).)56
b(If)34 b(set)i(to)g(an)m(y)630 4151 y(other)c(v)-5 b(alue,)32
b(the)g(supplied)e(string)i(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(a)h(pre\014x)f(of)h(a)g
(stopp)s(ed)e(job's)i(name;)g(this)630 4261 y(pro)m(vides)e
(functionalit)m(y)i(analogous)g(to)f(the)g(`)p Ft(\045)p
Fu(')f(job)g Fm(id)p Fu(.)p eop end
-%%Page: 117 123
-TeXDict begin 117 122 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(117)150 299
+%%Page: 120 126
+TeXDict begin 120 125 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(120)150 299
y Fp(8)80 b(Command)54 b(Line)f(Editing)150 635 y Fu(This)28
b(c)m(hapter)i(describ)s(es)e(the)h(basic)g(features)h(of)f(the)g
Fm(gnu)f Fu(command)h(line)g(editing)h(in)m(terface.)42
(shell)f(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation.)45 b(Line)31 b(editing)150
1074 y(is)g(also)h(used)f(when)f(using)h(the)g Ft(-e)g
Fu(option)h(to)g(the)f Ft(read)f Fu(builtin)h(command)g(\(see)h
-(Section)g(4.2)h([Bash)150 1183 y(Builtins],)j(page)f(55\).)52
+(Section)g(4.2)h([Bash)150 1183 y(Builtins],)j(page)f(56\).)52
b(By)35 b(default,)g(the)f(line)h(editing)f(commands)g(are)h(similar)f
(to)h(those)f(of)g(Emacs.)150 1293 y(A)h(vi-st)m(yle)h(line)f(editing)g
(in)m(terface)h(is)e(also)i(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable.)55 b(Line)34
Fu(,)g Ft(RET)p Fu(,)150 3902 y(and)d Ft(TAB)f Fu(all)j(stand)e(for)g
(themselv)m(es)i(when)d(seen)i(in)f(this)g(text,)j(or)d(in)h(an)f(init)
h(\014le)f(\(see)i(Section)f(8.3)150 4012 y([Readline)f(Init)g(File],)i
-(page)e(120\).)52 b(If)33 b(y)m(our)g(k)m(eyb)s(oard)h(lac)m(ks)g(a)g
+(page)e(123\).)52 b(If)33 b(y)m(our)g(k)m(eyb)s(oard)h(lac)m(ks)g(a)g
Ft(LFD)f Fu(k)m(ey)-8 b(,)36 b(t)m(yping)e Ft(C-j)e Fu(will)i(pro)s
(duce)150 4122 y(the)d(desired)e(c)m(haracter.)43 b(The)30
b Ft(RET)f Fu(k)m(ey)i(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(lab)s(eled)h
Ft(RET)p Fu(;)i(the)g(en)m(tire)g(line)f(is)h(accepted)g(regardless)g
(of)f(the)h(lo)s(cation)h(of)e(the)h(cursor)150 5340
y(within)c(the)g(line.)p eop end
-%%Page: 118 124
-TeXDict begin 118 123 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(118)150 299 y Fk(8.2.1)63
+%%Page: 121 127
+TeXDict begin 121 126 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(121)150 299 y Fk(8.2.1)63
b(Readline)40 b(Bare)h(Essen)m(tials)150 446 y Fu(In)31
b(order)h(to)h(en)m(ter)g(c)m(haracters)g(in)m(to)g(the)g(line,)g
(simply)e(t)m(yp)s(e)i(them.)46 b(The)31 b(t)m(yp)s(ed)h(c)m(haracter)i
b(that)f(con)m(trol)g(k)m(eystrok)m(es)h(op)s(erate)e(on)g(c)m
(haracters)h(while)f(meta)h(k)m(eystrok)m(es)h(op)s(erate)e(on)150
5340 y(w)m(ords.)p eop end
-%%Page: 119 125
-TeXDict begin 119 124 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(119)150 299 y Fk(8.2.3)63
+%%Page: 122 128
+TeXDict begin 122 127 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(122)150 299 y Fk(8.2.3)63
b(Readline)40 b(Killing)i(Commands)150 446 y Fr(Killing)35
b Fu(text)28 b(means)e(to)h(delete)h(the)f(text)g(from)g(the)f(line,)i
(but)e(to)h(sa)m(v)m(e)h(it)g(a)m(w)m(a)m(y)g(for)e(later)i(use,)f
b(for)i(Commands)g(in)f(the)g(History)150 5121 y Fu(Readline)35
b(pro)m(vides)f(commands)g(for)g(searc)m(hing)h(through)e(the)i
(command)f(history)g(\(see)h(Section)g(9.1)150 5230 y([Bash)i(History)h
-(F)-8 b(acilities],)42 b(page)37 b(152\))i(for)d(lines)h(con)m(taining)
+(F)-8 b(acilities],)42 b(page)37 b(155\))i(for)d(lines)h(con)m(taining)
i(a)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(string.)60 b(There)36 b(are)i(t)m(w)m(o)150
5340 y(searc)m(h)31 b(mo)s(des:)40 b Fr(incremen)m(tal)35
b Fu(and)30 b Fr(non-incremen)m(tal)p Fu(.)p eop end
-%%Page: 120 126
-TeXDict begin 120 125 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(120)275 299 y(Incremen)m(tal)26
+%%Page: 123 129
+TeXDict begin 123 128 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(123)275 299 y(Incremen)m(tal)26
b(searc)m(hes)h(b)s(egin)e(b)s(efore)g(the)h(user)f(has)h(\014nished)e
(t)m(yping)i(the)g(searc)m(h)g(string.)39 b(As)26 b(eac)m(h)150
408 y(c)m(haracter)37 b(of)e(the)h(searc)m(h)g(string)f(is)h(t)m(yp)s
Fu(.)47 b(The)33 b Ft(bind)g Fu(builtin)g(command)h(can)g(also)h(b)s(e)
e(used)150 3713 y(to)e(set)g(Readline)g(k)m(eybindings)f(and)g(v)-5
b(ariables.)41 b(See)31 b(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g
-(55.)275 3843 y(When)e(a)h(program)f(whic)m(h)h(uses)f(the)h(Readline)g
+(56.)275 3843 y(When)e(a)h(program)f(whic)m(h)h(uses)f(the)h(Readline)g
(library)f(starts)h(up,)f(the)h(init)g(\014le)f(is)h(read,)g(and)f(the)
150 3953 y(k)m(ey)i(bindings)e(are)i(set.)275 4083 y(In)26
b(addition,)i(the)f Ft(C-x)i(C-r)d Fu(command)h(re-reads)g(this)f(init)
(a)g(`)p Ft(#)p Fu(')g(are)h(commen)m(ts.)73 b(Lines)41
b(b)s(eginning)f(with)g(a)i(`)p Ft($)p Fu(')f(indicate)150
4750 y(conditional)e(constructs)f(\(see)g(Section)h(8.3.2)g
-([Conditional)g(Init)e(Constructs],)j(page)e(129\).)64
+([Conditional)g(Init)e(Constructs],)j(page)e(132\).)64
b(Other)150 4860 y(lines)31 b(denote)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(settings)g(and)f(k)m(ey)h(bindings.)150 5011 y(V)-8
b(ariable)32 b(Settings)630 5121 y(Y)-8 b(ou)41 b(can)g(mo)s(dify)e
b(in)f(Readline)i(using)e(the)g Ft(set)g Fu(command)g(within)g(the)h
(init)g(\014le.)50 b(The)33 b(syn)m(tax)630 5340 y(is)d(simple:)p
eop end
-%%Page: 121 127
-TeXDict begin 121 126 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(121)870 299 y Ft(set)47
+%%Page: 124 130
+TeXDict begin 124 129 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(124)870 299 y Ft(set)47
b Fj(variable)e(value)630 432 y Fu(Here,)29 b(for)e(example,)h(is)g(ho)
m(w)f(to)h(c)m(hange)g(from)f(the)g(default)h(Emacs-lik)m(e)h(k)m(ey)f
(binding)e(to)630 542 y(use)k Ft(vi)g Fu(line)h(editing)g(commands:)870
1403 y(The)37 b Ft(bind)30 b(-V)37 b Fu(command)g(lists)i(the)f(curren)
m(t)f(Readline)i(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b(names)g(and)f(v)-5
b(alues.)630 1512 y(See)31 b(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)
-g(55.)630 1645 y(A)f(great)i(deal)f(of)g(run-time)f(b)s(eha)m(vior)g
+g(56.)630 1645 y(A)f(great)i(deal)f(of)g(run-time)f(b)s(eha)m(vior)g
(is)g(c)m(hangeable)j(with)d(the)g(follo)m(wing)i(v)-5
b(ariables.)630 1802 y Ft(active-region-start-colo)o(r)1110
1911 y Fu(A)27 b(string)f(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(that)g(con)m(trols)h(the)
(ecially)g(b)m(y)f(the)g(k)m(ernel's)h(terminal)f(driv)m(er)g(to)h
(their)1110 5340 y(Readline)h(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(ts.)p
eop end
-%%Page: 122 128
-TeXDict begin 122 127 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(122)630 299 y Ft
+%%Page: 125 131
+TeXDict begin 125 130 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(125)630 299 y Ft
(blink-matching-paren)1110 408 y Fu(If)36 b(set)g(to)h(`)p
Ft(on)p Fu(',)h(Readline)f(attempts)g(to)g(brie\015y)e(mo)m(v)m(e)j
(the)f(cursor)e(to)i(an)1110 518 y(op)s(ening)k(paren)m(thesis)h(when)f
(to)h(this)1110 5340 y(v)-5 b(alue,)45 b(Readline)e(will)f(ask)g
(whether)f(or)h(not)g(the)g(user)f(wishes)g(to)i(view)p
eop end
-%%Page: 123 129
-TeXDict begin 123 128 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(123)1110 299 y(them;)33
+%%Page: 126 132
+TeXDict begin 126 131 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(126)1110 299 y(them;)33
b(otherwise,)f(they)g(are)g(simply)g(listed.)45 b(This)31
b(v)-5 b(ariable)33 b(m)m(ust)e(b)s(e)g(set)1110 408
y(to)43 b(an)e(in)m(teger)j(v)-5 b(alue)42 b(greater)h(than)f(or)g
b Fr(p)s(oin)m(t)j Fu(is)e(the)g(curren)m(t)f(cursor)g(p)s(osition,)52
b(and)46 b Fr(mark)52 b Fu(refers)46 b(to)i(a)1110 4354
y(sa)m(v)m(ed)37 b(cursor)f(p)s(osition)g(\(see)i(Section)f(8.4.1)h
-([Commands)d(F)-8 b(or)37 b(Mo)m(ving],)1110 4463 y(page)d(133\).)50
+([Commands)d(F)-8 b(or)37 b(Mo)m(ving],)1110 4463 y(page)d(136\).)50
b(The)33 b(text)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)f(the)g(p)s(oin)m(t)g(and)g(mark)g
(is)g(referred)f(to)i(as)1110 4573 y(the)h Fr(region)p
Fu(.)53 b(When)34 b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)36 b(is)e(set)h(to)g(`)p
5230 y(b)m(y)f(incremen)m(tal)i(and)e(non-incremen)m(tal)i(history)e
(searc)m(hes.)48 b(The)32 b(default)1110 5340 y(is)e(`)p
Ft(On)p Fu('.)p eop end
-%%Page: 124 130
-TeXDict begin 124 129 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(124)630 299 y Ft
+%%Page: 127 133
+TeXDict begin 127 132 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(127)630 299 y Ft
(enable-bracketed-paste)1110 408 y Fu(When)36 b(set)h(to)g(`)p
Ft(On)p Fu(',)h(Readline)f(con\014gures)f(the)h(terminal)f(to)i(insert)
e(eac)m(h)1110 518 y(paste)27 b(in)m(to)g(the)f(editing)h(bu\013er)e
Fu(',)j(but)1110 5340 y(Readline)24 b(will)h(set)f(it)g(to)h(`)p
Ft(on)p Fu(')e(if)h(the)g(lo)s(cale)i(con)m(tains)f(eigh)m(t-bit)g(c)m
(haracters.)p eop end
-%%Page: 125 131
-TeXDict begin 125 130 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(125)1110 299 y(The)29
+%%Page: 128 134
+TeXDict begin 128 133 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(128)1110 299 y(The)29
b(name)g Ft(meta-flag)e Fu(is)i(a)h(synon)m(ym)f(for)g(this)g(v)-5
b(ariable.)42 b(This)28 b(v)-5 b(ariable)1110 408 y(is)35
b(dep)s(enden)m(t)f(on)h(the)g Ft(LC_CTYPE)e Fu(lo)s(cale)k(category)-8
(terminate)j(an)f(incremen)m(tal)1110 894 y(searc)m(h)25
b(without)g(subsequen)m(tly)g(executing)h(the)f(c)m(haracter)h(as)f(a)g
(command)1110 1003 y(\(see)38 b(Section)g(8.2.5)h([Searc)m(hing],)h
-(page)e(119\).)62 b(If)37 b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)38
+(page)e(122\).)62 b(If)37 b(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)38
b(has)f(not)1110 1113 y(b)s(een)e(giv)m(en)h(a)g(v)-5
b(alue,)37 b(the)f(c)m(haracters)h Ft(ESC)d Fu(and)h
Fj(C-J)g Fu(will)h(terminate)g(an)1110 1223 y(incremen)m(tal)c(searc)m
y(completion.)75 b(If)41 b(set)g(to)h(`)p Ft(off)p Fu(',)i(the)e
(leading)g(`)p Ft(.)p Fu(')f(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)g(supplied)f(b)m(y)p
eop end
-%%Page: 126 132
-TeXDict begin 126 131 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(126)1110 299 y(the)34
+%%Page: 129 135
+TeXDict begin 129 134 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(129)1110 299 y(the)34
b(user)g(in)g(the)g(\014lename)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(completed.)53
b(This)33 b(v)-5 b(ariable)35 b(is)f(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(')g(b)m(y)1110
-408 y(default.)630 587 y Ft(menu-complete-display-pr)o(efix)1110
-696 y Fu(If)f(set)h(to)g(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(',)h(men)m(u)e(completion)i
+408 y(default.)630 555 y Ft(menu-complete-display-pr)o(efix)1110
+664 y Fu(If)f(set)h(to)g(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(',)h(men)m(u)e(completion)i
(displa)m(ys)e(the)h(common)g(pre\014x)e(of)i(the)1110
-806 y(list)k(of)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions)i(\(whic)m(h)e(ma)m(y)h(b)s
-(e)f(empt)m(y\))i(b)s(efore)e(cycling)1110 915 y(through)30
+774 y(list)k(of)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions)i(\(whic)m(h)e(ma)m(y)h(b)s
+(e)f(empt)m(y\))i(b)s(efore)e(cycling)1110 883 y(through)30
b(the)g(list.)42 b(The)29 b(default)i(is)f(`)p Ft(off)p
-Fu('.)630 1093 y Ft(output-meta)1110 1203 y Fu(If)35
+Fu('.)630 1029 y Ft(output-meta)1110 1139 y Fu(If)35
b(set)h(to)g(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(',)h(Readline)f(will)g(displa)m(y)f(c)m
-(haracters)i(with)e(the)h(eigh)m(th)g(bit)1110 1313 y(set)h(directly)g
+(haracters)i(with)e(the)h(eigh)m(th)g(bit)1110 1249 y(set)h(directly)g
(rather)f(than)g(as)h(a)g(meta-pre\014xed)f(escap)s(e)h(sequence.)59
-b(The)1110 1422 y(default)26 b(is)f(`)p Ft(off)p Fu(',)i(but)e
+b(The)1110 1358 y(default)26 b(is)f(`)p Ft(off)p Fu(',)i(but)e
(Readline)h(will)g(set)g(it)g(to)h(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(')e(if)h(the)f(lo)s
-(cale)j(con)m(tains)1110 1532 y(eigh)m(t-bit)38 b(c)m(haracters.)61
+(cale)j(con)m(tains)1110 1468 y(eigh)m(t-bit)38 b(c)m(haracters.)61
b(This)36 b(v)-5 b(ariable)37 b(is)g(dep)s(enden)m(t)e(on)h(the)h
-Ft(LC_CTYPE)1110 1641 y Fu(lo)s(cale)32 b(category)-8
+Ft(LC_CTYPE)1110 1577 y Fu(lo)s(cale)32 b(category)-8
b(,)33 b(and)d(ma)m(y)h(c)m(hange)g(if)g(the)f(lo)s(cale)i(is)f(c)m
-(hanged.)630 1819 y Ft(page-completions)1110 1929 y Fu(If)i(set)i(to)f
+(hanged.)630 1724 y Ft(page-completions)1110 1833 y Fu(If)i(set)i(to)f
(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(',)h(Readline)g(uses)e(an)h(in)m(ternal)h
Ft(more)p Fu(-lik)m(e)f(pager)g(to)h(displa)m(y)1110
-2039 y(a)e(screenful)f(of)g(p)s(ossible)g(completions)i(at)f(a)g(time.)
+1943 y(a)e(screenful)f(of)g(p)s(ossible)g(completions)i(at)f(a)g(time.)
47 b(This)31 b(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(is)e(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(')1110
-2148 y(b)m(y)e(default.)630 2326 y Ft(print-completions-horizo)o(ntal)o
-(ly)1110 2436 y Fu(If)23 b(set)i(to)g(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(',)g(Readline)g
+2052 y(b)m(y)e(default.)630 2198 y Ft(print-completions-horizo)o(ntal)o
+(ly)1110 2308 y Fu(If)23 b(set)i(to)g(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(',)g(Readline)g
(will)f(displa)m(y)g(completions)h(with)f(matc)m(hes)h(sorted)1110
-2545 y(horizon)m(tally)45 b(in)e(alphab)s(etical)i(order,)i(rather)c
-(than)g(do)m(wn)g(the)h(screen.)1110 2655 y(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p
-Ft(off)p Fu('.)630 2833 y Ft(revert-all-at-newline)1110
-2943 y Fu(If)e(set)h(to)g(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(',)g(Readline)g(will)g(undo)f
+2418 y(horizon)m(tally)45 b(in)e(alphab)s(etical)i(order,)i(rather)c
+(than)g(do)m(wn)g(the)h(screen.)1110 2527 y(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p
+Ft(off)p Fu('.)630 2673 y Ft(revert-all-at-newline)1110
+2783 y Fu(If)e(set)h(to)g(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(',)g(Readline)g(will)g(undo)f
(all)h(c)m(hanges)h(to)f(history)g(lines)f(b)s(efore)1110
-3052 y(returning)f(when)f Ft(accept-line)f Fu(is)j(executed.)41
-b(By)29 b(default,)g(history)g(lines)1110 3162 y(ma)m(y)42
+2892 y(returning)f(when)f Ft(accept-line)f Fu(is)j(executed.)41
+b(By)29 b(default,)g(history)g(lines)1110 3002 y(ma)m(y)42
b(b)s(e)g(mo)s(di\014ed)e(and)h(retain)i(individual)e(undo)g(lists)h
-(across)g(calls)h(to)1110 3271 y Ft(readline\(\))p Fu(.)38
-b(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p Ft(off)p Fu('.)630 3450
-y Ft(show-all-if-ambiguous)1110 3559 y Fu(This)e(alters)i(the)f
+(across)g(calls)h(to)1110 3112 y Ft(readline\(\))p Fu(.)38
+b(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p Ft(off)p Fu('.)630 3258
+y Ft(search-ignore-case)1110 3367 y Fu(If)j(set)g(to)h(`)p
+Ft(on)p Fu(',)h(Readline)e(p)s(erforms)f(incremen)m(tal)i(and)f
+(non-incremen)m(tal)1110 3477 y(history)27 b(list)g(searc)m(hes)h(in)f
+(a)g(case-insensitiv)m(e)j(fashion.)39 b(The)26 b(default)h(v)-5
+b(alue)1110 3587 y(is)30 b(`)p Ft(off)p Fu('.)630 3733
+y Ft(show-all-if-ambiguous)1110 3842 y Fu(This)f(alters)i(the)f
(default)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(of)g(the)h(completion)g(functions.)40
-b(If)29 b(set)1110 3669 y(to)f(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(',)g(w)m(ords)f(whic)m(h)
+b(If)29 b(set)1110 3952 y(to)f(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(',)g(w)m(ords)f(whic)m(h)
g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(more)f(than)f(one)h(p)s(ossible)f(completion)h(cause)
-1110 3778 y(the)39 b(matc)m(hes)h(to)g(b)s(e)e(listed)h(immediately)i
-(instead)e(of)g(ringing)g(the)g(b)s(ell.)1110 3888 y(The)30
+1110 4061 y(the)39 b(matc)m(hes)h(to)g(b)s(e)e(listed)h(immediately)i
+(instead)e(of)g(ringing)g(the)g(b)s(ell.)1110 4171 y(The)30
b(default)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)g(`)p Ft(off)p Fu('.)630
-4066 y Ft(show-all-if-unmodified)1110 4176 y Fu(This)38
+4317 y Ft(show-all-if-unmodified)1110 4427 y Fu(This)38
b(alters)h(the)g(default)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(of)f(the)h(completion)h
-(functions)e(in)h(a)1110 4285 y(fashion)25 b(similar)h(to)g
+(functions)e(in)h(a)1110 4536 y(fashion)25 b(similar)h(to)g
Fr(sho)m(w-all-if-am)m(biguous)p Fu(.)41 b(If)25 b(set)h(to)h(`)p
-Ft(on)p Fu(',)f(w)m(ords)f(whic)m(h)1110 4395 y(ha)m(v)m(e)32
+Ft(on)p Fu(',)f(w)m(ords)f(whic)m(h)1110 4646 y(ha)m(v)m(e)32
b(more)f(than)f(one)i(p)s(ossible)e(completion)i(without)f(an)m(y)g(p)s
-(ossible)f(par-)1110 4504 y(tial)43 b(completion)h(\(the)f(p)s(ossible)
-f(completions)h(don't)f(share)g(a)h(common)1110 4614
+(ossible)f(par-)1110 4756 y(tial)43 b(completion)h(\(the)f(p)s(ossible)
+f(completions)h(don't)f(share)g(a)h(common)1110 4865
y(pre\014x\))30 b(cause)g(the)h(matc)m(hes)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(listed)g
-(immediately)i(instead)e(of)h(ring-)1110 4724 y(ing)g(the)f(b)s(ell.)41
+(immediately)i(instead)e(of)h(ring-)1110 4975 y(ing)g(the)f(b)s(ell.)41
b(The)30 b(default)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)f(`)p Ft(off)p
-Fu('.)630 4902 y Ft(show-mode-in-prompt)1110 5011 y Fu(If)24
+Fu('.)630 5121 y Ft(show-mode-in-prompt)1110 5230 y Fu(If)24
b(set)h(to)g(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(',)g(add)f(a)h(string)f(to)h(the)f(b)s
-(eginning)g(of)g(the)h(prompt)e(indicating)1110 5121
+(eginning)g(of)g(the)h(prompt)e(indicating)1110 5340
y(the)33 b(editing)h(mo)s(de:)46 b(emacs,)35 b(vi)e(command,)h(or)f(vi)
-h(insertion.)49 b(The)32 b(mo)s(de)1110 5230 y(strings)45
+h(insertion.)49 b(The)32 b(mo)s(de)p eop end
+%%Page: 130 136
+TeXDict begin 130 135 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(130)1110 299 y(strings)45
b(are)h(user-settable)g(\(e.g.,)51 b Fr(emacs-mo)s(de-string)8
-b Fu(\).)87 b(The)45 b(default)1110 5340 y(v)-5 b(alue)31
-b(is)f(`)p Ft(off)p Fu('.)p eop end
-%%Page: 127 133
-TeXDict begin 127 132 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(127)630 299 y Ft
-(skip-completed-text)1110 408 y Fu(If)32 b(set)i(to)f(`)p
-Ft(on)p Fu(',)h(this)f(alters)g(the)g(default)g(completion)h(b)s(eha)m
-(vior)f(when)f(in-)1110 518 y(serting)d(a)h(single)g(matc)m(h)f(in)m
-(to)h(the)g(line.)40 b(It's)30 b(only)f(activ)m(e)i(when)d(p)s(erform-)
-1110 628 y(ing)k(completion)i(in)e(the)g(middle)g(of)g(a)h(w)m(ord.)46
-b(If)32 b(enabled,)g(Readline)h(do)s(es)1110 737 y(not)41
+b Fu(\).)87 b(The)45 b(default)1110 408 y(v)-5 b(alue)31
+b(is)f(`)p Ft(off)p Fu('.)630 558 y Ft(skip-completed-text)1110
+667 y Fu(If)i(set)i(to)f(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(',)h(this)f(alters)g(the)g
+(default)g(completion)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)f(when)f(in-)1110
+777 y(serting)d(a)h(single)g(matc)m(h)f(in)m(to)h(the)g(line.)40
+b(It's)30 b(only)f(activ)m(e)i(when)d(p)s(erform-)1110
+887 y(ing)k(completion)i(in)e(the)g(middle)g(of)g(a)h(w)m(ord.)46
+b(If)32 b(enabled,)g(Readline)h(do)s(es)1110 996 y(not)41
b(insert)f(c)m(haracters)i(from)e(the)h(completion)h(that)f(matc)m(h)g
-(c)m(haracters)1110 847 y(after)c(p)s(oin)m(t)g(in)g(the)g(w)m(ord)f(b)
-s(eing)g(completed,)k(so)d(p)s(ortions)f(of)h(the)g(w)m(ord)1110
-956 y(follo)m(wing)c(the)f(cursor)f(are)h(not)g(duplicated.)45
+(c)m(haracters)1110 1106 y(after)c(p)s(oin)m(t)g(in)g(the)g(w)m(ord)f
+(b)s(eing)g(completed,)k(so)d(p)s(ortions)f(of)h(the)g(w)m(ord)1110
+1215 y(follo)m(wing)c(the)f(cursor)f(are)h(not)g(duplicated.)45
b(F)-8 b(or)32 b(instance,)h(if)f(this)f(is)h(en-)1110
-1066 y(abled,)43 b(attempting)f(completion)g(when)d(the)i(cursor)f(is)g
-(after)h(the)g(`)p Ft(e)p Fu(')f(in)1110 1176 y(`)p Ft(Makefile)p
+1325 y(abled,)43 b(attempting)f(completion)g(when)d(the)i(cursor)f(is)g
+(after)h(the)g(`)p Ft(e)p Fu(')f(in)1110 1435 y(`)p Ft(Makefile)p
Fu(')c(will)i(result)f(in)g(`)p Ft(Makefile)p Fu(')f(rather)h(than)h(`)
-p Ft(Makefilefile)p Fu(',)1110 1285 y(assuming)d(there)g(is)h(a)f
+p Ft(Makefilefile)p Fu(',)1110 1544 y(assuming)d(there)g(is)h(a)f
(single)h(p)s(ossible)f(completion.)56 b(The)35 b(default)g(v)-5
-b(alue)1110 1395 y(is)30 b(`)p Ft(off)p Fu('.)630 1548
-y Ft(vi-cmd-mode-string)1110 1658 y Fu(If)j(the)h Fr(sho)m(w-mo)s
+b(alue)1110 1654 y(is)30 b(`)p Ft(off)p Fu('.)630 1803
+y Ft(vi-cmd-mode-string)1110 1913 y Fu(If)j(the)h Fr(sho)m(w-mo)s
(de-in-prompt)h Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)35 b(is)e(enabled,)i(this)f(string)f
-(is)h(dis-)1110 1767 y(pla)m(y)m(ed)24 b(immediately)g(b)s(efore)f(the)
+(is)h(dis-)1110 2022 y(pla)m(y)m(ed)24 b(immediately)g(b)s(efore)f(the)
g(last)h(line)f(of)h(the)f(primary)f(prompt)g(when)1110
-1877 y(vi)32 b(editing)h(mo)s(de)f(is)g(activ)m(e)j(and)c(in)h(command)
+2132 y(vi)32 b(editing)h(mo)s(de)f(is)g(activ)m(e)j(and)c(in)h(command)
g(mo)s(de.)46 b(The)31 b(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(is)f(ex-)1110
-1987 y(panded)26 b(lik)m(e)i(a)f(k)m(ey)h(binding,)e(so)i(the)f
+2242 y(panded)26 b(lik)m(e)i(a)f(k)m(ey)h(binding,)e(so)i(the)f
(standard)f(set)h(of)g(meta-)h(and)e(con)m(trol)1110
-2096 y(pre\014xes)34 b(and)g(bac)m(kslash)i(escap)s(e)g(sequences)f(is)
+2351 y(pre\014xes)34 b(and)g(bac)m(kslash)i(escap)s(e)g(sequences)f(is)
g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable.)57 b(Use)35 b(the)g(`)p Ft(\\1)p
-Fu(')1110 2206 y(and)23 b(`)p Ft(\\2)p Fu(')h(escap)s(es)h(to)f(b)s
+Fu(')1110 2461 y(and)23 b(`)p Ft(\\2)p Fu(')h(escap)s(es)h(to)f(b)s
(egin)g(and)f(end)g(sequences)i(of)f(non-prin)m(ting)f(c)m(harac-)1110
-2315 y(ters,)31 b(whic)m(h)g(can)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)h(em)m(b)s(ed)f(a)
-h(terminal)h(con)m(trol)g(sequence)f(in)m(to)1110 2425
+2570 y(ters,)31 b(whic)m(h)g(can)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)h(em)m(b)s(ed)f(a)
+h(terminal)h(con)m(trol)g(sequence)f(in)m(to)1110 2680
y(the)g(mo)s(de)f(string.)40 b(The)30 b(default)h(is)f(`)p
-Ft(\(cmd\))p Fu('.)630 2578 y Ft(vi-ins-mode-string)1110
-2688 y Fu(If)j(the)h Fr(sho)m(w-mo)s(de-in-prompt)h Fu(v)-5
+Ft(\(cmd\))p Fu('.)630 2829 y Ft(vi-ins-mode-string)1110
+2939 y Fu(If)j(the)h Fr(sho)m(w-mo)s(de-in-prompt)h Fu(v)-5
b(ariable)35 b(is)e(enabled,)i(this)f(string)f(is)h(dis-)1110
-2798 y(pla)m(y)m(ed)24 b(immediately)g(b)s(efore)f(the)g(last)h(line)f
-(of)h(the)f(primary)f(prompt)g(when)1110 2907 y(vi)35
+3049 y(pla)m(y)m(ed)24 b(immediately)g(b)s(efore)f(the)g(last)h(line)f
+(of)h(the)f(primary)f(prompt)g(when)1110 3158 y(vi)35
b(editing)h(mo)s(de)e(is)i(activ)m(e)h(and)d(in)h(insertion)g(mo)s(de.)
-54 b(The)35 b(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(is)g(ex-)1110 3017 y(panded)26
+54 b(The)35 b(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(is)g(ex-)1110 3268 y(panded)26
b(lik)m(e)i(a)f(k)m(ey)h(binding,)e(so)i(the)f(standard)f(set)h(of)g
-(meta-)h(and)e(con)m(trol)1110 3126 y(pre\014xes)34 b(and)g(bac)m
+(meta-)h(and)e(con)m(trol)1110 3377 y(pre\014xes)34 b(and)g(bac)m
(kslash)i(escap)s(e)g(sequences)f(is)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable.)57
-b(Use)35 b(the)g(`)p Ft(\\1)p Fu(')1110 3236 y(and)23
+b(Use)35 b(the)g(`)p Ft(\\1)p Fu(')1110 3487 y(and)23
b(`)p Ft(\\2)p Fu(')h(escap)s(es)h(to)f(b)s(egin)g(and)f(end)g
-(sequences)i(of)f(non-prin)m(ting)f(c)m(harac-)1110 3345
+(sequences)i(of)f(non-prin)m(ting)f(c)m(harac-)1110 3597
y(ters,)31 b(whic)m(h)g(can)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)h(em)m(b)s(ed)f(a)h
-(terminal)h(con)m(trol)g(sequence)f(in)m(to)1110 3455
+(terminal)h(con)m(trol)g(sequence)f(in)m(to)1110 3706
y(the)g(mo)s(de)f(string.)40 b(The)30 b(default)h(is)f(`)p
-Ft(\(ins\))p Fu('.)630 3608 y Ft(visible-stats)1110 3718
+Ft(\(ins\))p Fu('.)630 3856 y Ft(visible-stats)1110 3965
y Fu(If)h(set)i(to)f(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(',)h(a)f(c)m(haracter)i(denoting)e
(a)g(\014le's)g(t)m(yp)s(e)g(is)g(app)s(ended)e(to)j(the)1110
-3828 y(\014lename)e(when)e(listing)i(p)s(ossible)f(completions.)42
-b(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p Ft(off)p Fu('.)150 3981
-y(Key)f(Bindings)630 4091 y(The)41 b(syn)m(tax)i(for)f(con)m(trolling)h
+4075 y(\014lename)e(when)e(listing)i(p)s(ossible)f(completions.)42
+b(The)30 b(default)g(is)h(`)p Ft(off)p Fu('.)150 4224
+y(Key)f(Bindings)630 4334 y(The)41 b(syn)m(tax)i(for)f(con)m(trolling)h
(k)m(ey)g(bindings)e(in)h(the)g(init)g(\014le)g(is)g(simple.)75
-b(First)43 b(y)m(ou)630 4200 y(need)27 b(to)i(\014nd)d(the)i(name)f(of)
+b(First)43 b(y)m(ou)630 4443 y(need)27 b(to)i(\014nd)d(the)i(name)f(of)
h(the)g(command)f(that)i(y)m(ou)f(w)m(an)m(t)g(to)g(c)m(hange.)41
-b(The)27 b(follo)m(wing)630 4310 y(sections)37 b(con)m(tain)g(tables)g
+b(The)27 b(follo)m(wing)630 4553 y(sections)37 b(con)m(tain)g(tables)g
(of)f(the)g(command)f(name,)j(the)e(default)g(k)m(eybinding,)h(if)f(an)
-m(y)-8 b(,)630 4419 y(and)30 b(a)h(short)f(description)g(of)h(what)f
-(the)g(command)h(do)s(es.)630 4551 y(Once)36 b(y)m(ou)g(kno)m(w)g(the)g
+m(y)-8 b(,)630 4663 y(and)30 b(a)h(short)f(description)g(of)h(what)f
+(the)g(command)h(do)s(es.)630 4792 y(Once)36 b(y)m(ou)g(kno)m(w)g(the)g
(name)g(of)g(the)g(command,)h(simply)f(place)h(on)e(a)i(line)f(in)g
-(the)g(init)630 4661 y(\014le)e(the)g(name)f(of)h(the)g(k)m(ey)g(y)m
+(the)g(init)630 4902 y(\014le)e(the)g(name)f(of)h(the)g(k)m(ey)g(y)m
(ou)g(wish)f(to)h(bind)f(the)h(command)f(to,)i(a)f(colon,)i(and)d(then)
-630 4770 y(the)f(name)h(of)f(the)g(command.)46 b(There)32
+630 5011 y(the)f(name)h(of)f(the)g(command.)46 b(There)32
b(can)g(b)s(e)g(no)g(space)g(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h(the)f(k)m(ey)h(name)g
-(and)630 4880 y(the)41 b(colon)h({)f(that)g(will)g(b)s(e)g(in)m
+(and)630 5121 y(the)41 b(colon)h({)f(that)g(will)g(b)s(e)g(in)m
(terpreted)g(as)g(part)f(of)h(the)g(k)m(ey)h(name.)72
-b(The)40 b(name)h(of)630 4989 y(the)35 b(k)m(ey)g(can)g(b)s(e)f
+b(The)40 b(name)h(of)630 5230 y(the)35 b(k)m(ey)g(can)g(b)s(e)f
(expressed)f(in)i(di\013eren)m(t)g(w)m(a)m(ys,)h(dep)s(ending)d(on)h
-(what)h(y)m(ou)g(\014nd)e(most)630 5099 y(comfortable.)630
-5230 y(In)g(addition)h(to)g(command)g(names,)g(Readline)g(allo)m(ws)h
-(k)m(eys)g(to)f(b)s(e)f(b)s(ound)f(to)i(a)g(string)630
-5340 y(that)d(is)f(inserted)h(when)e(the)i(k)m(ey)g(is)f(pressed)g(\(a)
-h Fr(macro)5 b Fu(\).)p eop end
-%%Page: 128 134
-TeXDict begin 128 133 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(128)630 299 y(The)42
-b Ft(bind)30 b(-p)42 b Fu(command)h(displa)m(ys)g(Readline)g(function)g
-(names)g(and)f(bindings)g(in)h(a)630 408 y(format)28
-b(that)h(can)f(b)s(e)f(put)g(directly)i(in)m(to)f(an)g(initialization)j
-(\014le.)40 b(See)28 b(Section)h(4.2)g([Bash)630 518
-y(Builtins],)i(page)g(55.)630 673 y Fr(k)m(eyname)5 b
-Fu(:)42 b Fr(function-name)35 b Fu(or)c Fr(macro)1110
-783 y(k)m(eyname)k Fu(is)29 b(the)f(name)h(of)g(a)g(k)m(ey)h(sp)s
-(elled)e(out)h(in)g(English.)39 b(F)-8 b(or)30 b(example:)1350
-915 y Ft(Control-u:)45 b(universal-argument)1350 1024
-y(Meta-Rubout:)f(backward-kill-word)1350 1134 y(Control-o:)h(">)i
-(output")1110 1266 y Fu(In)94 b(the)g(example)h(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e,)112
-b Fj(C-u)94 b Fu(is)g(b)s(ound)f(to)i(the)f(function)1110
-1376 y Ft(universal-argument)p Fu(,)124 b Fj(M-DEL)107
-b Fu(is)i(b)s(ound)e(to)j(the)f(function)1110 1485 y
-Ft(backward-kill-word)p Fu(,)75 b(and)69 b Fj(C-o)g Fu(is)h(b)s(ound)e
-(to)j(run)d(the)i(macro)1110 1595 y(expressed)45 b(on)h(the)g(righ)m(t)
-g(hand)e(side)i(\(that)h(is,)i(to)e(insert)e(the)h(text)h(`)p
-Ft(>)1110 1705 y(output)p Fu(')29 b(in)m(to)i(the)g(line\).)1110
-1837 y(A)62 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(sym)m(b)s(olic)h(c)m(haracter)g
-(names)f(are)g(recognized)h(while)1110 1946 y(pro)s(cessing)40
-b(this)f(k)m(ey)i(binding)e(syn)m(tax:)60 b Fr(DEL)p
-Fu(,)42 b Fr(ESC)p Fu(,)g Fr(ESCAPE)p Fu(,)f Fr(LFD)p
-Fu(,)1110 2056 y Fr(NEWLINE)p Fu(,)31 b Fr(RET)p Fu(,)f
-Fr(RETURN)p Fu(,)g Fr(R)m(UBOUT)p Fu(,)h Fr(SP)-8 b(A)m(CE)p
-Fu(,)31 b Fr(SPC)p Fu(,)e(and)h Fr(T)-8 b(AB)p Fu(.)630
-2211 y Ft(")p Fr(k)m(eyseq)r Ft(")p Fu(:)41 b Fr(function-name)36
-b Fu(or)30 b Fr(macro)1110 2321 y(k)m(eyseq)k Fu(di\013ers)d(from)f
-Fr(k)m(eyname)37 b Fu(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)32 b(in)f(that)h(strings)f
-(denoting)g(an)g(en-)1110 2430 y(tire)j(k)m(ey)h(sequence)f(can)g(b)s
-(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed,)h(b)m(y)f(placing)i(the)f(k)m(ey)g(sequence)g(in)
-1110 2540 y(double)29 b(quotes.)41 b(Some)29 b Fm(gnu)h
-Fu(Emacs)f(st)m(yle)i(k)m(ey)f(escap)s(es)g(can)g(b)s(e)f(used,)g(as)
-1110 2649 y(in)k(the)h(follo)m(wing)i(example,)f(but)e(the)h(sp)s
-(ecial)h(c)m(haracter)g(names)f(are)g(not)1110 2759 y(recognized.)1350
-2891 y Ft("\\C-u":)46 b(universal-argument)1350 3001
-y("\\C-x\\C-r":)f(re-read-init-file)1350 3110 y("\\e[11~":)g("Function)
-h(Key)g(1")1110 3243 y Fu(In)64 b(the)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(example,)74
+(what)h(y)m(ou)g(\014nd)e(most)630 5340 y(comfortable.)p
+eop end
+%%Page: 131 137
+TeXDict begin 131 136 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(131)630 299 y(In)33
+b(addition)h(to)g(command)g(names,)g(Readline)g(allo)m(ws)h(k)m(eys)g
+(to)f(b)s(e)f(b)s(ound)f(to)i(a)g(string)630 408 y(that)d(is)f
+(inserted)h(when)e(the)i(k)m(ey)g(is)f(pressed)g(\(a)h
+Fr(macro)5 b Fu(\).)630 538 y(The)42 b Ft(bind)30 b(-p)42
+b Fu(command)h(displa)m(ys)g(Readline)g(function)g(names)g(and)f
+(bindings)g(in)h(a)630 647 y(format)28 b(that)h(can)f(b)s(e)f(put)g
+(directly)i(in)m(to)f(an)g(initialization)j(\014le.)40
+b(See)28 b(Section)h(4.2)g([Bash)630 757 y(Builtins],)i(page)g(56.)630
+906 y Fr(k)m(eyname)5 b Fu(:)42 b Fr(function-name)35
+b Fu(or)c Fr(macro)1110 1015 y(k)m(eyname)k Fu(is)29
+b(the)f(name)h(of)g(a)g(k)m(ey)h(sp)s(elled)e(out)h(in)g(English.)39
+b(F)-8 b(or)30 b(example:)1350 1144 y Ft(Control-u:)45
+b(universal-argument)1350 1254 y(Meta-Rubout:)f(backward-kill-word)1350
+1363 y(Control-o:)h(">)i(output")1110 1493 y Fu(In)94
+b(the)g(example)h(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e,)112 b Fj(C-u)94 b Fu(is)g(b)s(ound)f
+(to)i(the)f(function)1110 1602 y Ft(universal-argument)p
+Fu(,)124 b Fj(M-DEL)107 b Fu(is)i(b)s(ound)e(to)j(the)f(function)1110
+1712 y Ft(backward-kill-word)p Fu(,)75 b(and)69 b Fj(C-o)g
+Fu(is)h(b)s(ound)e(to)j(run)d(the)i(macro)1110 1821 y(expressed)45
+b(on)h(the)g(righ)m(t)g(hand)e(side)i(\(that)h(is,)i(to)e(insert)e(the)
+h(text)h(`)p Ft(>)1110 1931 y(output)p Fu(')29 b(in)m(to)i(the)g
+(line\).)1110 2060 y(A)62 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(sym)m(b)s(olic)h(c)m
+(haracter)g(names)f(are)g(recognized)h(while)1110 2170
+y(pro)s(cessing)40 b(this)f(k)m(ey)i(binding)e(syn)m(tax:)60
+b Fr(DEL)p Fu(,)42 b Fr(ESC)p Fu(,)g Fr(ESCAPE)p Fu(,)f
+Fr(LFD)p Fu(,)1110 2279 y Fr(NEWLINE)p Fu(,)31 b Fr(RET)p
+Fu(,)f Fr(RETURN)p Fu(,)g Fr(R)m(UBOUT)p Fu(,)h Fr(SP)-8
+b(A)m(CE)p Fu(,)31 b Fr(SPC)p Fu(,)e(and)h Fr(T)-8 b(AB)p
+Fu(.)630 2428 y Ft(")p Fr(k)m(eyseq)r Ft(")p Fu(:)41
+b Fr(function-name)36 b Fu(or)30 b Fr(macro)1110 2538
+y(k)m(eyseq)k Fu(di\013ers)d(from)f Fr(k)m(eyname)37
+b Fu(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)32 b(in)f(that)h(strings)f(denoting)g(an)g(en-)1110
+2647 y(tire)j(k)m(ey)h(sequence)f(can)g(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed,)h(b)m
+(y)f(placing)i(the)f(k)m(ey)g(sequence)g(in)1110 2757
+y(double)29 b(quotes.)41 b(Some)29 b Fm(gnu)h Fu(Emacs)f(st)m(yle)i(k)m
+(ey)f(escap)s(es)g(can)g(b)s(e)f(used,)g(as)1110 2866
+y(in)k(the)h(follo)m(wing)i(example,)f(but)e(the)h(sp)s(ecial)h(c)m
+(haracter)g(names)f(are)g(not)1110 2976 y(recognized.)1350
+3105 y Ft("\\C-u":)46 b(universal-argument)1350 3215
+y("\\C-x\\C-r":)f(re-read-init-file)1350 3324 y("\\e[11~":)g("Function)
+h(Key)g(1")1110 3453 y Fu(In)64 b(the)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(example,)74
b Fj(C-u)64 b Fu(is)g(again)i(b)s(ound)c(to)k(the)e(function)1110
-3352 y Ft(universal-argument)39 b Fu(\(just)k(as)h(it)g(w)m(as)g(in)g
-(the)f(\014rst)g(example\),)49 b(`)p Fj(C-x)1110 3462
+3563 y Ft(universal-argument)39 b Fu(\(just)k(as)h(it)g(w)m(as)g(in)g
+(the)f(\014rst)g(example\),)49 b(`)p Fj(C-x)1110 3673
y(C-r)p Fu(')30 b(is)g(b)s(ound)e(to)j(the)g(function)f
Ft(re-read-init-file)p Fu(,)c(and)j(`)p Ft(ESC)h([)g(1)g(1)1110
-3571 y(~)p Fu(')g(is)h(b)s(ound)d(to)j(insert)f(the)h(text)g(`)p
-Ft(Function)e(Key)g(1)p Fu('.)630 3726 y(The)g(follo)m(wing)i
+3782 y(~)p Fu(')g(is)h(b)s(ound)d(to)j(insert)f(the)h(text)g(`)p
+Ft(Function)e(Key)g(1)p Fu('.)630 3931 y(The)g(follo)m(wing)i
Fm(gnu)f Fu(Emacs)g(st)m(yle)h(escap)s(e)f(sequences)g(are)g(a)m(v)-5
-b(ailable)32 b(when)d(sp)s(ecifying)630 3836 y(k)m(ey)i(sequences:)630
-3991 y Fj(\\C-)336 b Fu(con)m(trol)32 b(pre\014x)630
-4146 y Fj(\\M-)336 b Fu(meta)31 b(pre\014x)630 4301 y
+b(ailable)32 b(when)d(sp)s(ecifying)630 4041 y(k)m(ey)i(sequences:)630
+4189 y Fj(\\C-)336 b Fu(con)m(trol)32 b(pre\014x)630
+4338 y Fj(\\M-)336 b Fu(meta)31 b(pre\014x)630 4487 y
Fj(\\e)384 b Fu(an)30 b(escap)s(e)h(c)m(haracter)630
-4456 y Fj(\\\\)384 b Fu(bac)m(kslash)630 4611 y Fj(\\)p
+4635 y Fj(\\\\)384 b Fu(bac)m(kslash)630 4784 y Fj(\\)p
Ft(")g(")p Fu(,)30 b(a)h(double)f(quotation)i(mark)630
-4766 y Fj(\\')384 b Ft(')p Fu(,)30 b(a)h(single)g(quote)g(or)f(ap)s
-(ostrophe)630 4921 y(In)d(addition)h(to)g(the)g Fm(gnu)f
+4933 y Fj(\\')384 b Ft(')p Fu(,)30 b(a)h(single)g(quote)g(or)f(ap)s
+(ostrophe)630 5082 y(In)d(addition)h(to)g(the)g Fm(gnu)f
Fu(Emacs)h(st)m(yle)h(escap)s(e)f(sequences,)h(a)f(second)f(set)h(of)g
-(bac)m(kslash)630 5030 y(escap)s(es)j(is)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable:)630
-5185 y Ft(\\a)384 b Fu(alert)31 b(\(b)s(ell\))630 5340
-y Ft(\\b)384 b Fu(bac)m(kspace)p eop end
-%%Page: 129 135
-TeXDict begin 129 134 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(129)630 299 y Ft(\\d)384
-b Fu(delete)630 460 y Ft(\\f)g Fu(form)30 b(feed)630
-620 y Ft(\\n)384 b Fu(newline)630 781 y Ft(\\r)g Fu(carriage)32
-b(return)630 941 y Ft(\\t)384 b Fu(horizon)m(tal)32 b(tab)630
-1102 y Ft(\\v)384 b Fu(v)m(ertical)32 b(tab)630 1263
-y Ft(\\)p Fj(nnn)288 b Fu(the)35 b(eigh)m(t-bit)h(c)m(haracter)g(whose)
-e(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(is)g(the)f(o)s(ctal)i(v)-5 b(alue)35
-b Fr(nnn)e Fu(\(one)i(to)1110 1372 y(three)c(digits\))630
-1533 y Ft(\\x)p Fj(HH)288 b Fu(the)38 b(eigh)m(t-bit)i(c)m(haracter)g
+(bac)m(kslash)630 5191 y(escap)s(es)j(is)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable:)630
+5340 y Ft(\\a)384 b Fu(alert)31 b(\(b)s(ell\))p eop end
+%%Page: 132 138
+TeXDict begin 132 137 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(132)630 299 y Ft(\\b)384
+b Fu(bac)m(kspace)630 456 y Ft(\\d)g Fu(delete)630 613
+y Ft(\\f)g Fu(form)30 b(feed)630 770 y Ft(\\n)384 b Fu(newline)630
+928 y Ft(\\r)g Fu(carriage)32 b(return)630 1085 y Ft(\\t)384
+b Fu(horizon)m(tal)32 b(tab)630 1242 y Ft(\\v)384 b Fu(v)m(ertical)32
+b(tab)630 1399 y Ft(\\)p Fj(nnn)288 b Fu(the)35 b(eigh)m(t-bit)h(c)m
+(haracter)g(whose)e(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(is)g(the)f(o)s(ctal)i(v)-5
+b(alue)35 b Fr(nnn)e Fu(\(one)i(to)1110 1509 y(three)c(digits\))630
+1666 y Ft(\\x)p Fj(HH)288 b Fu(the)38 b(eigh)m(t-bit)i(c)m(haracter)g
(whose)e(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(is)f(the)h(hexadecimal)g(v)-5
-b(alue)39 b Fr(HH)1110 1643 y Fu(\(one)31 b(or)f(t)m(w)m(o)i(hex)e
-(digits\))630 1803 y(When)37 b(en)m(tering)h(the)g(text)g(of)g(a)g
+b(alue)39 b Fr(HH)1110 1775 y Fu(\(one)31 b(or)f(t)m(w)m(o)i(hex)e
+(digits\))630 1933 y(When)37 b(en)m(tering)h(the)g(text)g(of)g(a)g
(macro,)i(single)e(or)f(double)g(quotes)h(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g(used)f(to)
-630 1913 y(indicate)23 b(a)e(macro)h(de\014nition.)38
+630 2042 y(indicate)23 b(a)e(macro)h(de\014nition.)38
b(Unquoted)21 b(text)i(is)e(assumed)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(a)h(function)f
-(name.)38 b(In)630 2022 y(the)22 b(macro)f(b)s(o)s(dy)-8
+(name.)38 b(In)630 2152 y(the)22 b(macro)f(b)s(o)s(dy)-8
b(,)23 b(the)e(bac)m(kslash)h(escap)s(es)g(describ)s(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m
-(e)j(are)e(expanded.)37 b(Bac)m(kslash)630 2132 y(will)j(quote)h(an)m
+(e)j(are)e(expanded.)37 b(Bac)m(kslash)630 2261 y(will)j(quote)h(an)m
(y)f(other)g(c)m(haracter)i(in)d(the)i(macro)f(text,)k(including)39
b(`)p Ft(")p Fu(')h(and)g(`)p Ft(')p Fu('.)69 b(F)-8
-b(or)630 2242 y(example,)28 b(the)e(follo)m(wing)h(binding)d(will)i
+b(or)630 2371 y(example,)28 b(the)e(follo)m(wing)h(binding)d(will)i
(mak)m(e)h(`)p Fj(C-x)j Ft(\\)p Fu(')c(insert)f(a)h(single)h(`)p
-Ft(\\)p Fu(')f(in)m(to)g(the)g(line:)870 2377 y Ft("\\C-x\\\\":)45
-b("\\\\")150 2577 y Fk(8.3.2)63 b(Conditional)41 b(Init)g(Constructs)
-150 2724 y Fu(Readline)c(implemen)m(ts)g(a)h(facilit)m(y)g(similar)f
+Ft(\\)p Fu(')f(in)m(to)g(the)g(line:)870 2504 y Ft("\\C-x\\\\":)45
+b("\\\\")150 2701 y Fk(8.3.2)63 b(Conditional)41 b(Init)g(Constructs)
+150 2848 y Fu(Readline)c(implemen)m(ts)g(a)h(facilit)m(y)g(similar)f
(in)g(spirit)f(to)i(the)f(conditional)h(compilation)g(features)f(of)150
-2834 y(the)31 b(C)f(prepro)s(cessor)g(whic)m(h)g(allo)m(ws)i(k)m(ey)g
+2958 y(the)31 b(C)f(prepro)s(cessor)g(whic)m(h)g(allo)m(ws)i(k)m(ey)g
(bindings)d(and)h(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(settings)f(to)h(b)s(e)e(p)s
-(erformed)f(as)i(the)150 2943 y(result)f(of)h(tests.)41
+(erformed)f(as)i(the)150 3067 y(result)f(of)h(tests.)41
b(There)30 b(are)h(four)f(parser)f(directiv)m(es)j(used.)150
-3105 y Ft($if)336 b Fu(The)31 b Ft($if)f Fu(construct)i(allo)m(ws)h
+3225 y Ft($if)336 b Fu(The)31 b Ft($if)f Fu(construct)i(allo)m(ws)h
(bindings)d(to)i(b)s(e)e(made)i(based)f(on)g(the)g(editing)h(mo)s(de,)g
-(the)630 3214 y(terminal)37 b(b)s(eing)f(used,)h(or)f(the)h
+(the)630 3334 y(terminal)37 b(b)s(eing)f(used,)h(or)f(the)h
(application)g(using)f(Readline.)59 b(The)36 b(text)h(of)f(the)h(test,)
-630 3324 y(after)30 b(an)m(y)g(comparison)g(op)s(erator,)g(extends)f
+630 3444 y(after)30 b(an)m(y)g(comparison)g(op)s(erator,)g(extends)f
(to)h(the)g(end)f(of)h(the)f(line;)i(unless)e(otherwise)630
-3433 y(noted,)i(no)f(c)m(haracters)i(are)f(required)e(to)i(isolate)i
-(it.)630 3594 y Ft(mode)288 b Fu(The)30 b Ft(mode=)e
+3553 y(noted,)i(no)f(c)m(haracters)i(are)f(required)e(to)i(isolate)i
+(it.)630 3711 y Ft(mode)288 b Fu(The)30 b Ft(mode=)e
Fu(form)i(of)g(the)h Ft($if)e Fu(directiv)m(e)j(is)e(used)f(to)i(test)g
-(whether)e(Read-)1110 3704 y(line)44 b(is)f(in)g Ft(emacs)f
+(whether)e(Read-)1110 3820 y(line)44 b(is)f(in)g Ft(emacs)f
Fu(or)h Ft(vi)g Fu(mo)s(de.)79 b(This)42 b(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(used)h(in)g
-(conjunction)1110 3813 y(with)c(the)h(`)p Ft(set)29 b(keymap)p
+(conjunction)1110 3930 y(with)c(the)h(`)p Ft(set)29 b(keymap)p
Fu(')38 b(command,)k(for)d(instance,)j(to)e(set)g(bindings)e(in)1110
-3923 y(the)32 b Ft(emacs-standard)c Fu(and)j Ft(emacs-ctlx)d
-Fu(k)m(eymaps)k(only)g(if)g(Readline)g(is)1110 4032 y(starting)f(out)g
-(in)f Ft(emacs)f Fu(mo)s(de.)630 4193 y Ft(term)288 b
+4039 y(the)32 b Ft(emacs-standard)c Fu(and)j Ft(emacs-ctlx)d
+Fu(k)m(eymaps)k(only)g(if)g(Readline)g(is)1110 4149 y(starting)f(out)g
+(in)f Ft(emacs)f Fu(mo)s(de.)630 4306 y Ft(term)288 b
Fu(The)26 b Ft(term=)g Fu(form)g(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(used)g(to)i(include)f
-(terminal-sp)s(eci\014c)g(k)m(ey)h(bind-)1110 4303 y(ings,)38
+(terminal-sp)s(eci\014c)g(k)m(ey)h(bind-)1110 4416 y(ings,)38
b(p)s(erhaps)c(to)j(bind)e(the)h(k)m(ey)h(sequences)f(output)g(b)m(y)g
-(the)g(terminal's)1110 4412 y(function)24 b(k)m(eys.)39
+(the)g(terminal's)1110 4525 y(function)24 b(k)m(eys.)39
b(The)23 b(w)m(ord)h(on)f(the)i(righ)m(t)f(side)g(of)g(the)g(`)p
-Ft(=)p Fu(')g(is)g(tested)h(against)1110 4522 y(b)s(oth)k(the)h(full)g
+Ft(=)p Fu(')g(is)g(tested)h(against)1110 4635 y(b)s(oth)k(the)h(full)g
(name)g(of)g(the)g(terminal)h(and)e(the)i(p)s(ortion)e(of)h(the)g
-(terminal)1110 4631 y(name)k(b)s(efore)f(the)g(\014rst)g(`)p
+(terminal)1110 4744 y(name)k(b)s(efore)f(the)g(\014rst)g(`)p
Ft(-)p Fu('.)50 b(This)33 b(allo)m(ws)i Ft(sun)e Fu(to)h(matc)m(h)g(b)s
-(oth)f Ft(sun)g Fu(and)1110 4741 y Ft(sun-cmd)p Fu(,)c(for)h(instance.)
-630 4902 y Ft(version)144 b Fu(The)44 b Ft(version)f
+(oth)f Ft(sun)g Fu(and)1110 4854 y Ft(sun-cmd)p Fu(,)c(for)h(instance.)
+630 5011 y Ft(version)144 b Fu(The)44 b Ft(version)f
Fu(test)i(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(used)f(to)j(p)s(erform)d(comparisons)i
-(against)1110 5011 y(sp)s(eci\014c)c(Readline)i(v)m(ersions.)74
+(against)1110 5121 y(sp)s(eci\014c)c(Readline)i(v)m(ersions.)74
b(The)42 b Ft(version)d Fu(expands)i(to)h(the)g(curren)m(t)1110
-5121 y(Readline)25 b(v)m(ersion.)39 b(The)23 b(set)h(of)g(comparison)h
+5230 y(Readline)25 b(v)m(ersion.)39 b(The)23 b(set)h(of)g(comparison)h
(op)s(erators)f(includes)f(`)p Ft(=)p Fu(')h(\(and)1110
-5230 y(`)p Ft(==)p Fu('\),)33 b(`)p Ft(!=)p Fu(',)f(`)p
+5340 y(`)p Ft(==)p Fu('\),)33 b(`)p Ft(!=)p Fu(',)f(`)p
Ft(<=)p Fu(',)h(`)p Ft(>=)p Fu(',)f(`)p Ft(<)p Fu(',)h(and)e(`)p
Ft(>)p Fu('.)46 b(The)31 b(v)m(ersion)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d(supplied)h
-(on)1110 5340 y(the)j(righ)m(t)h(side)f(of)g(the)g(op)s(erator)g
-(consists)h(of)f(a)g(ma)5 b(jor)35 b(v)m(ersion)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)p
-eop end
-%%Page: 130 136
-TeXDict begin 130 135 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(130)1110 299 y(an)45
+(on)p eop end
+%%Page: 133 139
+TeXDict begin 133 138 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(133)1110 299 y(the)34
+b(righ)m(t)h(side)f(of)g(the)g(op)s(erator)g(consists)h(of)f(a)g(ma)5
+b(jor)35 b(v)m(ersion)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)1110 408 y(an)45
b(optional)i(decimal)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)k(and)44 b(an)i(optional)g(minor)f
-(v)m(ersion)h(\(e.g.,)1110 408 y(`)p Ft(7.1)p Fu('\).)40
+(v)m(ersion)h(\(e.g.,)1110 518 y(`)p Ft(7.1)p Fu('\).)40
b(If)27 b(the)h(minor)f(v)m(ersion)h(is)g(omitted,)h(it)f(is)g(assumed)
-f(to)h(b)s(e)f(`)p Ft(0)p Fu('.)40 b(The)1110 518 y(op)s(erator)34
+f(to)h(b)s(e)f(`)p Ft(0)p Fu('.)40 b(The)1110 628 y(op)s(erator)34
b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(separated)g(from)g(the)h(string)f
-Ft(version)f Fu(and)h(from)g(the)1110 628 y(v)m(ersion)39
+Ft(version)f Fu(and)h(from)g(the)1110 737 y(v)m(ersion)39
b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(argumen)m(t)h(b)m(y)f(whitespace.)67
-b(The)38 b(follo)m(wing)i(example)1110 737 y(sets)31
+b(The)38 b(follo)m(wing)i(example)1110 847 y(sets)31
b(a)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(if)f(the)h(Readline)g(v)m(ersion)f(b)s(eing)g
-(used)g(is)g(7.0)i(or)e(new)m(er:)1350 872 y Ft($if)47
-b(version)f(>=)h(7.0)1350 981 y(set)g(show-mode-in-prompt)42
-b(on)1350 1091 y($endif)630 1250 y(application)1110 1360
+(used)g(is)g(7.0)i(or)e(new)m(er:)1350 981 y Ft($if)47
+b(version)f(>=)h(7.0)1350 1091 y(set)g(show-mode-in-prompt)42
+b(on)1350 1200 y($endif)630 1360 y(application)1110 1469
y Fu(The)21 b Fr(application)j Fu(construct)e(is)g(used)f(to)i(include)
-f(application-sp)s(eci\014c)h(set-)1110 1469 y(tings.)39
+f(application-sp)s(eci\014c)h(set-)1110 1579 y(tings.)39
b(Eac)m(h)26 b(program)e(using)g(the)h(Readline)g(library)g(sets)g(the)
-g Fr(application)1110 1579 y(name)p Fu(,)g(and)e(y)m(ou)g(can)h(test)g
+g Fr(application)1110 1689 y(name)p Fu(,)g(and)e(y)m(ou)g(can)h(test)g
(for)f(a)g(particular)h(v)-5 b(alue.)39 b(This)22 b(could)h(b)s(e)g
-(used)f(to)1110 1689 y(bind)32 b(k)m(ey)h(sequences)g(to)h(functions)e
+(used)f(to)1110 1798 y(bind)32 b(k)m(ey)h(sequences)g(to)h(functions)e
(useful)g(for)h(a)g(sp)s(eci\014c)f(program.)48 b(F)-8
-b(or)1110 1798 y(instance,)35 b(the)e(follo)m(wing)h(command)f(adds)f
-(a)i(k)m(ey)f(sequence)h(that)f(quotes)1110 1908 y(the)e(curren)m(t)f
-(or)g(previous)g(w)m(ord)g(in)g(Bash:)1350 2042 y Ft($if)47
-b(Bash)1350 2152 y(#)g(Quote)g(the)g(current)f(or)h(previous)e(word)
-1350 2262 y("\\C-xq":)h("\\eb\\"\\ef\\"")1350 2371 y($endif)630
-2531 y(variable)96 b Fu(The)33 b Fr(v)-5 b(ariable)39
+b(or)1110 1908 y(instance,)35 b(the)e(follo)m(wing)h(command)f(adds)f
+(a)i(k)m(ey)f(sequence)h(that)f(quotes)1110 2017 y(the)e(curren)m(t)f
+(or)g(previous)g(w)m(ord)g(in)g(Bash:)1350 2152 y Ft($if)47
+b(Bash)1350 2262 y(#)g(Quote)g(the)g(current)f(or)h(previous)e(word)
+1350 2371 y("\\C-xq":)h("\\eb\\"\\ef\\"")1350 2481 y($endif)630
+2640 y(variable)96 b Fu(The)33 b Fr(v)-5 b(ariable)39
b Fu(construct)33 b(pro)m(vides)g(simple)g(equalit)m(y)i(tests)e(for)g
-(Readline)1110 2640 y(v)-5 b(ariables)32 b(and)f(v)-5
+(Readline)1110 2750 y(v)-5 b(ariables)32 b(and)f(v)-5
b(alues.)45 b(The)32 b(p)s(ermitted)f(comparison)h(op)s(erators)f(are)i
-(`)p Ft(=)p Fu(',)1110 2750 y(`)p Ft(==)p Fu(',)49 b(and)44
+(`)p Ft(=)p Fu(',)1110 2859 y(`)p Ft(==)p Fu(',)49 b(and)44
b(`)p Ft(!=)p Fu('.)85 b(The)44 b(v)-5 b(ariable)46 b(name)f(m)m(ust)g
-(b)s(e)g(separated)g(from)g(the)1110 2859 y(comparison)25
+(b)s(e)g(separated)g(from)g(the)1110 2969 y(comparison)25
b(op)s(erator)g(b)m(y)g(whitespace;)j(the)d(op)s(erator)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s
-(e)f(separated)1110 2969 y(from)33 b(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)35
+(e)f(separated)1110 3078 y(from)33 b(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)35
b(on)f(the)g(righ)m(t)g(hand)f(side)h(b)m(y)f(whitespace.)52
-b(Both)35 b(string)1110 3078 y(and)i(b)s(o)s(olean)g(v)-5
+b(Both)35 b(string)1110 3188 y(and)i(b)s(o)s(olean)g(v)-5
b(ariables)38 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)d(tested.)63 b(Bo)s(olean)39
-b(v)-5 b(ariables)38 b(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)1110 3188 y(tested)46
+b(v)-5 b(ariables)38 b(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)1110 3298 y(tested)46
b(against)g(the)f(v)-5 b(alues)46 b Fr(on)f Fu(and)f
Fr(o\013)p Fu(.)85 b(The)45 b(follo)m(wing)h(example)g(is)1110
-3298 y(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)f(the)f Ft(mode=emacs)e
-Fu(test)j(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e:)1350 3432 y
-Ft($if)47 b(editing-mode)d(==)k(emacs)1350 3542 y(set)f
-(show-mode-in-prompt)42 b(on)1350 3651 y($endif)150 3811
+3407 y(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)32 b(to)f(the)f Ft(mode=emacs)e
+Fu(test)j(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e:)1350 3542 y
+Ft($if)47 b(editing-mode)d(==)k(emacs)1350 3651 y(set)f
+(show-mode-in-prompt)42 b(on)1350 3761 y($endif)150 3920
y($endif)192 b Fu(This)29 b(command,)i(as)f(seen)h(in)f(the)g(previous)
g(example,)h(terminates)g(an)g Ft($if)e Fu(command.)150
-3970 y Ft($else)240 b Fu(Commands)29 b(in)h(this)h(branc)m(h)e(of)i
+4080 y Ft($else)240 b Fu(Commands)29 b(in)h(this)h(branc)m(h)e(of)i
(the)f Ft($if)g Fu(directiv)m(e)i(are)f(executed)g(if)f(the)h(test)g
-(fails.)150 4130 y Ft($include)96 b Fu(This)43 b(directiv)m(e)i(tak)m
+(fails.)150 4239 y Ft($include)96 b Fu(This)43 b(directiv)m(e)i(tak)m
(es)g(a)e(single)i(\014lename)e(as)h(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(and)f(reads)g
-(commands)630 4239 y(and)38 b(bindings)f(from)h(that)i(\014le.)65
+(commands)630 4349 y(and)38 b(bindings)f(from)h(that)i(\014le.)65
b(F)-8 b(or)39 b(example,)j(the)d(follo)m(wing)h(directiv)m(e)g(reads)e
-(from)630 4349 y Ft(/etc/inputrc)p Fu(:)870 4483 y Ft($include)46
-b(/etc/inputrc)150 4682 y Fk(8.3.3)63 b(Sample)41 b(Init)g(File)150
-4829 y Fu(Here)27 b(is)f(an)h(example)g(of)f(an)h Fr(inputrc)k
+(from)630 4458 y Ft(/etc/inputrc)p Fu(:)870 4593 y Ft($include)46
+b(/etc/inputrc)150 4792 y Fk(8.3.3)63 b(Sample)41 b(Init)g(File)150
+4939 y Fu(Here)27 b(is)f(an)h(example)g(of)f(an)h Fr(inputrc)k
Fu(\014le.)39 b(This)26 b(illustrates)h(k)m(ey)h(binding,)e(v)-5
-b(ariable)27 b(assignmen)m(t,)i(and)150 4939 y(conditional)j(syn)m
+b(ariable)27 b(assignmen)m(t,)i(and)150 5049 y(conditional)j(syn)m
(tax.)p eop end
-%%Page: 131 137
-TeXDict begin 131 136 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(131)390 408 y Ft(#)47
+%%Page: 134 140
+TeXDict begin 134 139 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(134)390 408 y Ft(#)47
b(This)g(file)g(controls)e(the)i(behaviour)e(of)j(line)e(input)h
(editing)e(for)390 518 y(#)i(programs)f(that)h(use)g(the)f(GNU)h
(Readline)f(library.)93 b(Existing)390 628 y(#)47 b(programs)f(include)
4902 y(#)390 5011 y(#)47 b(Arrow)g(keys)f(in)i(8)f(bit)g(ANSI)g(mode)
390 5121 y(#)390 5230 y(#"\\M-\\C-[D":)331 b(backward-char)390
5340 y(#"\\M-\\C-[C":)g(forward-char)p eop end
-%%Page: 132 138
-TeXDict begin 132 137 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(132)390 299 y Ft(#"\\M-\\C-[A":)
+%%Page: 135 141
+TeXDict begin 135 140 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(135)390 299 y Ft(#"\\M-\\C-[A":)
331 b(previous-history)390 408 y(#"\\M-\\C-[B":)g(next-history)390
628 y(C-q:)47 b(quoted-insert)390 847 y($endif)390 1066
y(#)g(An)h(old-style)d(binding.)93 b(This)47 b(happens)f(to)h(be)g(the)
g(for)i(a)g(word,)390 5121 y(#)g(ask)g(whether)f(or)h(not)g(the)g(user)
g(wants)f(to)h(see)g(all)g(of)g(them)390 5230 y(set)g
(completion-query-items)42 b(150)p eop end
-%%Page: 133 139
-TeXDict begin 133 138 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(133)390 299 y Ft(#)47
+%%Page: 136 142
+TeXDict begin 136 141 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(136)390 299 y Ft(#)47
b(For)g(FTP)390 408 y($if)g(Ftp)390 518 y("\\C-xg":)f("get)g(\\M-?")390
628 y("\\C-xt":)g("put)g(\\M-?")390 737 y("\\M-.":)g(yank-last-arg)390
847 y($endif)150 1089 y Fs(8.4)68 b(Bindable)45 b(Readline)i(Commands)
(b)m(y)h(executing)i Ft(bind)29 b(-P)39 b Fu(or,)j(for)d(a)h(more)g
(terse)g(format,)i(suitable)e(for)f(an)150 1468 y Fr(inputrc)34
b Fu(\014le,)29 b Ft(bind)g(-p)p Fu(.)40 b(\(See)30 b(Section)f(4.2)h
-([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(55.\))41 b(Command)28 b(names)h(without)
+([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(56.\))41 b(Command)28 b(names)h(without)
150 1577 y(an)h(accompan)m(ying)i(k)m(ey)f(sequence)g(are)g(un)m(b)s
(ound)d(b)m(y)i(default.)275 1713 y(In)25 b(the)h(follo)m(wing)i
(descriptions,)f Fr(p)s(oin)m(t)h Fu(refers)e(to)h(the)f(curren)m(t)g
(ysical)h(line)g(or)f(if)g(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is)f(not)h(greater)g(than)630
5340 y(the)j(length)f(of)h(the)f(prompt)g(plus)f(the)i(screen)f(width.)
p eop end
-%%Page: 134 140
-TeXDict begin 134 139 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(134)150 299 y Ft(next-screen-line)
+%%Page: 137 143
+TeXDict begin 137 142 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(137)150 299 y Ft(next-screen-line)
26 b(\(\))630 408 y Fu(A)m(ttempt)g(to)f(mo)m(v)m(e)i(p)s(oin)m(t)d(to)
i(the)e(same)i(ph)m(ysical)f(screen)g(column)f(on)h(the)f(next)h(ph)m
(ysical)630 518 y(screen)e(line.)39 b(This)23 b(will)g(not)h(ha)m(v)m
(tal)g(searc)m(h)f(for)g(a)g(string)g(supplied)f(b)m(y)h(the)630
5340 y(user.)k(The)30 b(searc)m(h)h(string)f(ma)m(y)h(matc)m(h)g(an)m
(ywhere)g(in)f(a)h(history)f(line.)p eop end
-%%Page: 135 141
-TeXDict begin 135 140 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(135)150 299 y Ft
+%%Page: 138 144
+TeXDict begin 138 143 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(138)150 299 y Ft
(non-incremental-forward-)o(sear)o(ch-h)o(ist)o(ory)24
b(\(M-n\))630 408 y Fu(Searc)m(h)44 b(forw)m(ard)f(starting)h(at)h(the)
e(curren)m(t)h(line)g(and)f(mo)m(ving)h(`do)m(wn')g(through)f(the)630
b(en)m(tered,)k(and)d(fetc)m(h)h(the)f(next)g(line)h(relativ)m(e)h(to)f
(the)f(curren)m(t)g(line)h(from)f(the)g(history)p eop
end
-%%Page: 136 142
-TeXDict begin 136 141 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(136)630 299 y(for)31
+%%Page: 139 145
+TeXDict begin 139 144 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(139)630 299 y(for)31
b(editing.)43 b(A)31 b(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t,)i(if)f(supplied,)f(sp)
s(eci\014es)h(the)g(history)f(en)m(try)i(to)f(use)630
408 y(instead)g(of)f(the)h(curren)m(t)f(line.)150 565
(last)h(t)m(w)m(o)g(c)m(haracters)g(of)f(the)h(line.)38
b(Negativ)m(e)25 b(argumen)m(ts)630 5340 y(ha)m(v)m(e)32
b(no)e(e\013ect.)p eop end
-%%Page: 137 143
-TeXDict begin 137 142 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(137)150 299 y Ft(transpose-words)
+%%Page: 140 146
+TeXDict begin 140 145 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(140)150 299 y Ft(transpose-words)
26 b(\(M-t\))630 408 y Fu(Drag)33 b(the)g(w)m(ord)f(b)s(efore)g(p)s
(oin)m(t)g(past)g(the)h(w)m(ord)f(after)g(p)s(oin)m(t,)i(mo)m(ving)f(p)
s(oin)m(t)f(past)g(that)630 518 y(w)m(ord)c(as)h(w)m(ell.)41
5340 y Fu(Kill)k(the)g(w)m(ord)g(b)s(ehind)e(p)s(oin)m(t.)40
b(W)-8 b(ord)29 b(b)s(oundaries)f(are)h(the)g(same)g(as)g
Ft(backward-word)p Fu(.)p eop end
-%%Page: 138 144
-TeXDict begin 138 143 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(138)150 299 y Ft(shell-kill-word)
+%%Page: 141 147
+TeXDict begin 141 146 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(141)150 299 y Ft(shell-kill-word)
26 b(\(M-C-d\))630 408 y Fu(Kill)k(from)f(p)s(oin)m(t)g(to)h(the)g(end)
e(of)i(the)f(curren)m(t)h(w)m(ord,)f(or)g(if)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(w)m
(ords,)f(to)h(the)g(end)630 518 y(of)h(the)f(next)h(w)m(ord.)40
(to)h(the)f(argumen)m(t)g(already)h(accum)m(ulating,)h(or)e(start)h(a)f
(new)f(argumen)m(t.)630 5340 y Fj(M--)j Fu(starts)i(a)g(negativ)m(e)i
(argumen)m(t.)p eop end
-%%Page: 139 145
-TeXDict begin 139 144 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(139)150 299 y Ft
+%%Page: 142 148
+TeXDict begin 142 147 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(142)150 299 y Ft
(universal-argument)25 b(\(\))630 408 y Fu(This)g(is)g(another)h(w)m(a)
m(y)g(to)h(sp)s(ecify)e(an)g(argumen)m(t.)40 b(If)25
b(this)g(command)h(is)f(follo)m(w)m(ed)i(b)m(y)f(one)630
(ound)e(b)m(y)i(default.)150 5230 y Ft(complete-filename)c(\(M-/\))630
5340 y Fu(A)m(ttempt)32 b(\014lename)e(completion)i(on)e(the)h(text)g
(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t.)p eop end
-%%Page: 140 146
-TeXDict begin 140 145 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(140)150 299 y Ft
+%%Page: 143 149
+TeXDict begin 143 148 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(143)150 299 y Ft
(possible-filename-comple)o(tion)o(s)24 b(\(C-x)30 b(/\))630
408 y Fu(List)f(the)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions)h(of)g(the)g(text)g(b)s
(efore)g(p)s(oin)m(t,)g(treating)h(it)f(as)g(a)f(\014lename.)150
5230 y Fu(Stop)e(sa)m(ving)h(the)g(c)m(haracters)g(t)m(yp)s(ed)f(in)m
(to)i(the)e(curren)m(t)g(k)m(eyb)s(oard)g(macro)h(and)f(sa)m(v)m(e)i
(the)630 5340 y(de\014nition.)p eop end
-%%Page: 141 147
-TeXDict begin 141 146 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(141)150 299 y Ft
+%%Page: 144 150
+TeXDict begin 144 149 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(144)150 299 y Ft
(call-last-kbd-macro)25 b(\(C-x)k(e\))630 408 y Fu(Re-execute)37
b(the)e(last)h(k)m(eyb)s(oard)f(macro)h(de\014ned,)f(b)m(y)h(making)f
(the)g(c)m(haracters)i(in)e(the)630 518 y(macro)c(app)s(ear)f(as)g(if)h
(as)g(those)h(de\014ned)630 5340 y(for)37 b(k)m(eys)h(lik)m(e)g(Home)g
(and)f(End.)60 b(Suc)m(h)37 b(sequences)g(b)s(egin)g(with)g(a)h(Con)m
(trol)g(Sequence)p eop end
-%%Page: 142 148
-TeXDict begin 142 147 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(142)630 299 y(Indicator)37
+%%Page: 145 151
+TeXDict begin 145 150 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(145)630 299 y(Indicator)37
b(\(CSI\),)f(usually)h(ESC-[.)59 b(If)36 b(this)g(sequence)h(is)g(b)s
(ound)d(to)k Ft("\\)p Fu(e[)p Ft(")p Fu(,)g(k)m(eys)f(pro-)630
408 y(ducing)29 b(suc)m(h)g(sequences)g(will)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(no)e
50 b(If)33 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t)g(is)f(supplied,)h(a)g(`)p
Ft(*)p Fu(')630 5340 y(is)c(app)s(ended)f(b)s(efore)h(pathname)g
(expansion.)p eop end
-%%Page: 143 149
-TeXDict begin 143 148 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(143)150 299 y Ft
+%%Page: 146 152
+TeXDict begin 146 151 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(146)150 299 y Ft
(display-shell-version)25 b(\(C-x)k(C-v\))630 408 y Fu(Displa)m(y)j(v)m
(ersion)e(information)h(ab)s(out)f(the)h(curren)m(t)f(instance)h(of)f
(Bash.)150 566 y Ft(shell-expand-line)c(\(M-C-e\))630
-676 y Fu(Expand)34 b(the)h(line)h(as)g(the)f(shell)h(do)s(es.)55
-b(This)34 b(p)s(erforms)g(alias)i(and)f(history)g(expansion)630
-785 y(as)f(w)m(ell)g(as)g(all)h(of)e(the)h(shell)g(w)m(ord)f
-(expansions)g(\(see)i(Section)f(3.5)h([Shell)e(Expansions],)630
-895 y(page)e(24\).)150 1053 y Ft(history-expand-line)25
-b(\(M-^\))630 1162 y Fu(P)m(erform)30 b(history)h(expansion)f(on)g(the)
-h(curren)m(t)f(line.)150 1320 y Ft(magic-space)d(\(\))630
-1429 y Fu(P)m(erform)c(history)g(expansion)g(on)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g
-(line)g(and)g(insert)g(a)g(space)h(\(see)g(Section)g(9.3)630
-1539 y([History)31 b(In)m(teraction],)i(page)e(154\).)150
-1697 y Ft(alias-expand-line)26 b(\(\))630 1806 y Fu(P)m(erform)e(alias)
-i(expansion)e(on)h(the)g(curren)m(t)f(line)h(\(see)g(Section)h(6.6)f
-([Aliases],)j(page)d(100\).)150 1964 y Ft(history-and-alias-expand)o
-(-lin)o(e)f(\(\))630 2073 y Fu(P)m(erform)30 b(history)h(and)e(alias)j
-(expansion)e(on)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f(line.)150 2231 y
-Ft(insert-last-argument)25 b(\(M-.)k(or)h(M-_\))630 2341
-y Fu(A)g(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Ft(yank-last-arg)p Fu(.)150
-2498 y Ft(edit-and-execute-command)24 b(\(C-x)29 b(C-e\))630
-2608 y Fu(In)m(v)m(ok)m(e)34 b(an)f(editor)g(on)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f
-(command)h(line,)h(and)e(execute)i(the)f(result)g(as)g(shell)630
-2718 y(commands.)81 b(Bash)44 b(attempts)h(to)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)h
-Ft($VISUAL)p Fu(,)f Ft($EDITOR)p Fu(,)h(and)d Ft(emacs)g
-Fu(as)h(the)630 2827 y(editor,)31 b(in)f(that)h(order.)150
-3066 y Fs(8.5)68 b(Readline)47 b(vi)e(Mo)t(de)150 3226
+676 y Fu(Expand)j(the)h(line)g(b)m(y)g(p)s(erforming)f(shell)h(w)m(ord)
+g(expansions.)40 b(This)29 b(p)s(erforms)f(alias)k(and)630
+785 y(history)40 b(expansion,)j($')p Fr(string)8 b Fu(')41
+b(and)f($)p Ft(")p Fr(string)8 b Ft(")39 b Fu(quoting,)44
+b(tilde)d(expansion,)i(parame-)630 895 y(ter)g(and)f(v)-5
+b(ariable)44 b(expansion,)h(arithmetic)f(expansion,)i(w)m(ord)c
+(splitting,)47 b(and)42 b(quote)630 1004 y(remo)m(v)-5
+b(al.)150 1162 y Ft(history-expand-line)25 b(\(M-^\))630
+1272 y Fu(P)m(erform)30 b(history)h(expansion)f(on)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f
+(line.)150 1429 y Ft(magic-space)d(\(\))630 1539 y Fu(P)m(erform)c
+(history)g(expansion)g(on)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g(line)g(and)g(insert)g(a)
+g(space)h(\(see)g(Section)g(9.3)630 1649 y([History)31
+b(In)m(teraction],)i(page)e(157\).)150 1806 y Ft(alias-expand-line)26
+b(\(\))630 1916 y Fu(P)m(erform)e(alias)i(expansion)e(on)h(the)g
+(curren)m(t)f(line)h(\(see)g(Section)h(6.6)f([Aliases],)j(page)d
+(101\).)150 2073 y Ft(history-and-alias-expand)o(-lin)o(e)f(\(\))630
+2183 y Fu(P)m(erform)30 b(history)h(and)e(alias)j(expansion)e(on)g(the)
+h(curren)m(t)f(line.)150 2341 y Ft(insert-last-argument)25
+b(\(M-.)k(or)h(M-_\))630 2450 y Fu(A)g(synon)m(ym)g(for)g
+Ft(yank-last-arg)p Fu(.)150 2608 y Ft(edit-and-execute-command)24
+b(\(C-x)29 b(C-e\))630 2718 y Fu(In)m(v)m(ok)m(e)34 b(an)f(editor)g(on)
+g(the)g(curren)m(t)f(command)h(line,)h(and)e(execute)i(the)f(result)g
+(as)g(shell)630 2827 y(commands.)81 b(Bash)44 b(attempts)h(to)g(in)m(v)
+m(ok)m(e)h Ft($VISUAL)p Fu(,)f Ft($EDITOR)p Fu(,)h(and)d
+Ft(emacs)g Fu(as)h(the)630 2937 y(editor,)31 b(in)f(that)h(order.)150
+3176 y Fs(8.5)68 b(Readline)47 b(vi)e(Mo)t(de)150 3335
y Fu(While)32 b(the)g(Readline)g(library)f(do)s(es)g(not)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h
(a)f(full)f(set)h(of)g Ft(vi)f Fu(editing)h(functions,)f(it)h(do)s(es)g
-(con)m(tain)150 3335 y(enough)i(to)h(allo)m(w)g(simple)f(editing)h(of)f
+(con)m(tain)150 3445 y(enough)i(to)h(allo)m(w)g(simple)f(editing)h(of)f
(the)g(line.)52 b(The)34 b(Readline)g Ft(vi)g Fu(mo)s(de)f(b)s(eha)m(v)
-m(es)i(as)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(in)150 3445 y(the)e Fm(posix)e
-Fu(standard.)275 3578 y(In)35 b(order)g(to)i(switc)m(h)f(in)m(teractiv)
+m(es)i(as)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(in)150 3554 y(the)e Fm(posix)e
+Fu(standard.)275 3688 y(In)35 b(order)g(to)i(switc)m(h)f(in)m(teractiv)
m(ely)j(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)d Ft(emacs)f Fu(and)g Ft(vi)g
Fu(editing)h(mo)s(des,)h(use)f(the)g(`)p Ft(set)30 b(-o)150
-3688 y(emacs)p Fu(')43 b(and)h(`)p Ft(set)30 b(-o)f(vi)p
+3798 y(emacs)p Fu(')43 b(and)h(`)p Ft(set)30 b(-o)f(vi)p
Fu(')44 b(commands)g(\(see)i(Section)f(4.3.1)h([The)e(Set)h(Builtin],)j
-(page)e(67\).)83 b(The)150 3798 y(Readline)31 b(default)g(is)f
-Ft(emacs)f Fu(mo)s(de.)275 3931 y(When)g(y)m(ou)i(en)m(ter)f(a)h(line)f
+(page)e(67\).)83 b(The)150 3907 y(Readline)31 b(default)g(is)f
+Ft(emacs)f Fu(mo)s(de.)275 4041 y(When)g(y)m(ou)i(en)m(ter)f(a)h(line)f
(in)g Ft(vi)f Fu(mo)s(de,)h(y)m(ou)h(are)f(already)h(placed)f(in)g
-(`insertion')g(mo)s(de,)g(as)h(if)f(y)m(ou)150 4041 y(had)f(t)m(yp)s
+(`insertion')g(mo)s(de,)g(as)h(if)f(y)m(ou)150 4150 y(had)f(t)m(yp)s
(ed)g(an)g(`)p Ft(i)p Fu('.)41 b(Pressing)29 b Ft(ESC)f
Fu(switc)m(hes)i(y)m(ou)g(in)m(to)h(`command')e(mo)s(de,)h(where)e(y)m
-(ou)i(can)g(edit)g(the)150 4150 y(text)35 b(of)f(the)g(line)g(with)f
+(ou)i(can)g(edit)g(the)150 4260 y(text)35 b(of)f(the)g(line)g(with)f
(the)h(standard)f Ft(vi)g Fu(mo)m(v)m(emen)m(t)j(k)m(eys,)g(mo)m(v)m(e)
-f(to)f(previous)g(history)f(lines)h(with)150 4260 y(`)p
+f(to)f(previous)g(history)f(lines)h(with)150 4370 y(`)p
Ft(k)p Fu(')d(and)e(subsequen)m(t)h(lines)h(with)f(`)p
-Ft(j)p Fu(',)g(and)g(so)h(forth.)150 4499 y Fs(8.6)68
-b(Programmable)47 b(Completion)150 4658 y Fu(When)25
+Ft(j)p Fu(',)g(and)g(so)h(forth.)150 4609 y Fs(8.6)68
+b(Programmable)47 b(Completion)150 4768 y Fu(When)25
b(w)m(ord)g(completion)i(is)f(attempted)g(for)g(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(to)g
-(a)g(command)f(for)h(whic)m(h)f(a)h(completion)150 4768
+(a)g(command)f(for)h(whic)m(h)f(a)h(completion)150 4878
y(sp)s(eci\014cation)40 b(\(a)h Fr(compsp)s(ec)6 b Fu(\))39
b(has)h(b)s(een)f(de\014ned)f(using)h(the)h Ft(complete)d
-Fu(builtin)j(\(see)g(Section)h(8.7)150 4878 y([Programmable)h
-(Completion)f(Builtins],)k(page)d(146\),)j(the)c(programmable)g
-(completion)i(facilities)150 4987 y(are)31 b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)275
-5121 y(First,)23 b(the)e(command)g(name)g(is)h(iden)m(ti\014ed.)37
+Fu(builtin)j(\(see)g(Section)h(8.7)150 4987 y([Programmable)h
+(Completion)f(Builtins],)k(page)d(149\),)j(the)c(programmable)g
+(completion)i(facilities)150 5097 y(are)31 b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)275
+5230 y(First,)23 b(the)e(command)g(name)g(is)h(iden)m(ti\014ed.)37
b(If)21 b(a)g(compsp)s(ec)g(has)g(b)s(een)f(de\014ned)g(for)h(that)h
-(command,)150 5230 y(the)44 b(compsp)s(ec)g(is)g(used)f(to)h(generate)i
+(command,)150 5340 y(the)44 b(compsp)s(ec)g(is)g(used)f(to)h(generate)i
(the)e(list)g(of)g(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h(for)e(the)h(w)m(ord.)81
-b(If)44 b(the)150 5340 y(command)36 b(w)m(ord)g(is)g(the)g(empt)m(y)h
-(string)f(\(completion)i(attempted)f(at)g(the)g(b)s(eginning)e(of)h(an)
-h(empt)m(y)p eop end
-%%Page: 144 150
-TeXDict begin 144 149 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(144)150 299 y(line\),)30
-b(an)m(y)g(compsp)s(ec)f(de\014ned)f(with)h(the)h Ft(-E)e
-Fu(option)i(to)g Ft(complete)d Fu(is)i(used.)40 b(If)29
-b(the)g(command)g(w)m(ord)150 408 y(is)e(a)h(full)e(pathname,)i(a)g
-(compsp)s(ec)e(for)h(the)g(full)g(pathname)g(is)g(searc)m(hed)h(for)f
-(\014rst.)39 b(If)26 b(no)h(compsp)s(ec)g(is)150 518
-y(found)22 b(for)g(the)h(full)g(pathname,)h(an)f(attempt)h(is)f(made)g
-(to)g(\014nd)f(a)h(compsp)s(ec)f(for)h(the)g(p)s(ortion)f(follo)m(wing)
-150 628 y(the)34 b(\014nal)g(slash.)53 b(If)34 b(those)g(searc)m(hes)i
-(do)e(not)g(result)h(in)f(a)g(compsp)s(ec,)h(an)m(y)g(compsp)s(ec)f
-(de\014ned)f(with)150 737 y(the)k Ft(-D)g Fu(option)g(to)h
-Ft(complete)d Fu(is)i(used)g(as)g(the)g(default.)61 b(If)37
-b(there)g(is)h(no)f(default)g(compsp)s(ec,)i(Bash)150
-847 y(attempts)e(alias)h(expansion)e(on)g(the)h(command)f(w)m(ord)g(as)
-h(a)f(\014nal)g(resort,)j(and)c(attempts)j(to)f(\014nd)e(a)150
-956 y(compsp)s(ec)30 b(for)g(the)h(command)f(w)m(ord)g(from)g(an)m(y)h
-(successful)f(expansion)275 1113 y(Once)k(a)g(compsp)s(ec)g(has)g(b)s
+b(If)44 b(the)p eop end
+%%Page: 147 153
+TeXDict begin 147 152 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(147)150 299 y(command)36
+b(w)m(ord)g(is)g(the)g(empt)m(y)h(string)f(\(completion)i(attempted)f
+(at)g(the)g(b)s(eginning)e(of)h(an)h(empt)m(y)150 408
+y(line\),)30 b(an)m(y)g(compsp)s(ec)f(de\014ned)f(with)h(the)h
+Ft(-E)e Fu(option)i(to)g Ft(complete)d Fu(is)i(used.)40
+b(If)29 b(the)g(command)g(w)m(ord)150 518 y(is)e(a)h(full)e(pathname,)i
+(a)g(compsp)s(ec)e(for)h(the)g(full)g(pathname)g(is)g(searc)m(hed)h
+(for)f(\014rst.)39 b(If)26 b(no)h(compsp)s(ec)g(is)150
+628 y(found)22 b(for)g(the)h(full)g(pathname,)h(an)f(attempt)h(is)f
+(made)g(to)g(\014nd)f(a)h(compsp)s(ec)f(for)h(the)g(p)s(ortion)f(follo)
+m(wing)150 737 y(the)34 b(\014nal)g(slash.)53 b(If)34
+b(those)g(searc)m(hes)i(do)e(not)g(result)h(in)f(a)g(compsp)s(ec,)h(an)
+m(y)g(compsp)s(ec)f(de\014ned)f(with)150 847 y(the)k
+Ft(-D)g Fu(option)g(to)h Ft(complete)d Fu(is)i(used)g(as)g(the)g
+(default.)61 b(If)37 b(there)g(is)h(no)f(default)g(compsp)s(ec,)i(Bash)
+150 956 y(attempts)e(alias)h(expansion)e(on)g(the)h(command)f(w)m(ord)g
+(as)h(a)f(\014nal)g(resort,)j(and)c(attempts)j(to)f(\014nd)e(a)150
+1066 y(compsp)s(ec)30 b(for)g(the)h(command)f(w)m(ord)g(from)g(an)m(y)h
+(successful)f(expansion)275 1207 y(Once)k(a)g(compsp)s(ec)g(has)g(b)s
(een)f(found,)h(it)h(is)f(used)f(to)i(generate)h(the)e(list)h(of)f
-(matc)m(hing)h(w)m(ords.)51 b(If)150 1223 y(a)37 b(compsp)s(ec)f(is)g
+(matc)m(hing)h(w)m(ords.)51 b(If)150 1316 y(a)37 b(compsp)s(ec)f(is)g
(not)h(found,)f(the)h(default)f(Bash)h(completion)g(describ)s(ed)e(ab)s
-(o)m(v)m(e)j(\(see)f(Section)g(8.4.6)150 1332 y([Commands)30
-b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(Completion],)g(page)g(139\))h(is)f(p)s(erformed.)275
-1489 y(First,)g(the)g(actions)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)h(the)f(compsp)s
+(o)m(v)m(e)j(\(see)f(Section)g(8.4.6)150 1426 y([Commands)30
+b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(Completion],)g(page)g(142\))h(is)f(p)s(erformed.)275
+1567 y(First,)g(the)g(actions)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)h(the)f(compsp)s
(ec)h(are)g(used.)40 b(Only)30 b(matc)m(hes)i(whic)m(h)e(are)h
-(pre\014xed)150 1598 y(b)m(y)h(the)f(w)m(ord)h(b)s(eing)f(completed)h
+(pre\014xed)150 1677 y(b)m(y)h(the)f(w)m(ord)h(b)s(eing)f(completed)h
(are)g(returned.)44 b(When)31 b(the)h Ft(-f)f Fu(or)h
Ft(-d)f Fu(option)h(is)f(used)g(for)h(\014lename)150
-1708 y(or)e(directory)h(name)f(completion,)i(the)e(shell)h(v)-5
+1786 y(or)e(directory)h(name)f(completion,)i(the)e(shell)h(v)-5
b(ariable)31 b Ft(FIGNORE)d Fu(is)i(used)f(to)i(\014lter)g(the)f(matc)m
-(hes.)42 b(See)150 1817 y(Section)31 b(5.2)h([Bash)e(V)-8
-b(ariables],)33 b(page)e(78,)g(for)f(a)h(description)g(of)f
-Ft(FIGNORE)p Fu(.)275 1974 y(An)m(y)22 b(completions)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)f
+(hes.)42 b(See)150 1896 y(Section)31 b(5.2)h([Bash)e(V)-8
+b(ariables],)33 b(page)e(79,)g(for)f(a)h(description)g(of)f
+Ft(FIGNORE)p Fu(.)275 2037 y(An)m(y)22 b(completions)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)f
(b)m(y)g(a)h(\014lename)f(expansion)h(pattern)f(to)h(the)g
-Ft(-G)e Fu(option)i(are)g(generated)150 2084 y(next.)41
+Ft(-G)e Fu(option)i(are)g(generated)150 2146 y(next.)41
b(The)29 b(w)m(ords)g(generated)h(b)m(y)g(the)g(pattern)f(need)h(not)f
(matc)m(h)i(the)f(w)m(ord)f(b)s(eing)g(completed.)41
-b(The)150 2193 y Ft(GLOBIGNORE)29 b Fu(shell)i(v)-5 b(ariable)32
+b(The)150 2256 y Ft(GLOBIGNORE)29 b Fu(shell)i(v)-5 b(ariable)32
b(is)g(not)g(used)e(to)i(\014lter)g(the)g(matc)m(hes,)h(but)d(the)i
-Ft(FIGNORE)e Fu(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable)150 2303 y(is)30
-b(used.)275 2459 y(Next,)39 b(the)f(string)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)h(the)
+Ft(FIGNORE)e Fu(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable)150 2365 y(is)30
+b(used.)275 2506 y(Next,)39 b(the)f(string)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)h(the)
g(argumen)m(t)h(to)g(the)f Ft(-W)f Fu(option)i(is)f(considered.)60
-b(The)37 b(string)150 2569 y(is)c(\014rst)e(split)i(using)f(the)h(c)m
+b(The)37 b(string)150 2616 y(is)c(\014rst)e(split)i(using)f(the)h(c)m
(haracters)h(in)e(the)h Ft(IFS)e Fu(sp)s(ecial)j(v)-5
b(ariable)33 b(as)g(delimiters.)48 b(Shell)32 b(quoting)h(is)150
-2679 y(honored)f(within)h(the)g(string,)h(in)f(order)f(to)i(pro)m(vide)
+2725 y(honored)f(within)h(the)g(string,)h(in)f(order)f(to)i(pro)m(vide)
f(a)h(mec)m(hanism)f(for)g(the)g(w)m(ords)g(to)g(con)m(tain)i(shell)150
-2788 y(metac)m(haracters)e(or)e(c)m(haracters)i(in)e(the)g(v)-5
+2835 y(metac)m(haracters)e(or)e(c)m(haracters)i(in)e(the)g(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(of)g Ft(IFS)p Fu(.)42 b(Eac)m(h)32 b(w)m(ord)e(is)h(then)g
-(expanded)f(using)h(brace)150 2898 y(expansion,)g(tilde)h(expansion,)f
+(expanded)f(using)h(brace)150 2945 y(expansion,)g(tilde)h(expansion,)f
(parameter)g(and)g(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(expansion,)f(command)f
-(substitution,)i(and)150 3007 y(arithmetic)c(expansion,)f(as)g(describ)
+(substitution,)i(and)150 3054 y(arithmetic)c(expansion,)f(as)g(describ)
s(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(\(see)h(Section)f(3.5)g([Shell)g(Expansions],)g
-(page)g(24\).)40 b(The)150 3117 y(results)23 b(are)h(split)g(using)f
+(page)g(24\).)40 b(The)150 3164 y(results)23 b(are)h(split)g(using)f
(the)h(rules)f(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(\(see)g(Section)f(3.5.7)
-h([W)-8 b(ord)24 b(Splitting],)i(page)e(35\).)150 3226
+h([W)-8 b(ord)24 b(Splitting],)i(page)e(35\).)150 3273
y(The)j(results)h(of)f(the)h(expansion)g(are)g(pre\014x-matc)m(hed)g
(against)h(the)f(w)m(ord)f(b)s(eing)g(completed,)j(and)d(the)150
-3336 y(matc)m(hing)k(w)m(ords)f(b)s(ecome)h(the)g(p)s(ossible)f
-(completions.)275 3493 y(After)f(these)g(matc)m(hes)i(ha)m(v)m(e)f(b)s
+3383 y(matc)m(hing)k(w)m(ords)f(b)s(ecome)h(the)g(p)s(ossible)f
+(completions.)275 3524 y(After)f(these)g(matc)m(hes)i(ha)m(v)m(e)f(b)s
(een)f(generated,)h(an)m(y)g(shell)f(function)g(or)g(command)g(sp)s
-(eci\014ed)f(with)150 3602 y(the)36 b Ft(-F)f Fu(and)g
+(eci\014ed)f(with)150 3634 y(the)36 b Ft(-F)f Fu(and)g
Ft(-C)g Fu(options)h(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)59 b(When)35
b(the)h(command)g(or)f(function)h(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed,)i(the)e
-Ft(COMP_)150 3712 y(LINE)p Fu(,)42 b Ft(COMP_POINT)p
+Ft(COMP_)150 3743 y(LINE)p Fu(,)42 b Ft(COMP_POINT)p
Fu(,)d Ft(COMP_KEY)p Fu(,)i(and)e Ft(COMP_TYPE)f Fu(v)-5
b(ariables)41 b(are)f(assigned)g(v)-5 b(alues)41 b(as)f(describ)s(ed)
-150 3821 y(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)34 b(\(see)g(Section)g(5.2)g([Bash)f(V)-8
-b(ariables],)36 b(page)d(78\).)50 b(If)33 b(a)g(shell)g(function)g(is)g
-(b)s(eing)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed,)k(the)150 3931 y Ft(COMP_WORDS)j
+150 3853 y(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)34 b(\(see)g(Section)g(5.2)g([Bash)f(V)-8
+b(ariables],)36 b(page)d(79\).)50 b(If)33 b(a)g(shell)g(function)g(is)g
+(b)s(eing)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed,)k(the)150 3962 y Ft(COMP_WORDS)j
Fu(and)i Ft(COMP_CWORD)d Fu(v)-5 b(ariables)42 b(are)g(also)h(set.)74
-b(When)41 b(the)h(function)f(or)h(command)f(is)150 4041
+b(When)41 b(the)h(function)f(or)h(command)f(is)150 4072
y(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed,)c(the)e(\014rst)f(argumen)m(t)h(\($1\))h(is)e(the)h
(name)g(of)f(the)h(command)f(whose)h(argumen)m(ts)f(are)h(b)s(eing)150
-4150 y(completed,)30 b(the)f(second)f(argumen)m(t)h(\($2\))h(is)f(the)g
+4181 y(completed,)30 b(the)f(second)f(argumen)m(t)h(\($2\))h(is)f(the)g
(w)m(ord)f(b)s(eing)g(completed,)i(and)e(the)h(third)e(argumen)m(t)150
-4260 y(\($3\))40 b(is)f(the)f(w)m(ord)h(preceding)f(the)h(w)m(ord)f(b)s
+4291 y(\($3\))40 b(is)f(the)f(w)m(ord)h(preceding)f(the)h(w)m(ord)f(b)s
(eing)g(completed)i(on)e(the)h(curren)m(t)f(command)h(line.)65
-b(No)150 4369 y(\014ltering)33 b(of)h(the)f(generated)h(completions)g
+b(No)150 4401 y(\014ltering)33 b(of)h(the)f(generated)h(completions)g
(against)h(the)e(w)m(ord)g(b)s(eing)f(completed)i(is)g(p)s(erformed;)f
-(the)150 4479 y(function)d(or)g(command)h(has)f(complete)i(freedom)e
-(in)g(generating)h(the)g(matc)m(hes.)275 4635 y(An)m(y)j(function)h(sp)
+(the)150 4510 y(function)d(or)g(command)h(has)f(complete)i(freedom)e
+(in)g(generating)h(the)g(matc)m(hes.)275 4651 y(An)m(y)j(function)h(sp)
s(eci\014ed)f(with)g Ft(-F)g Fu(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(\014rst.)53
b(The)35 b(function)f(ma)m(y)h(use)g(an)m(y)g(of)g(the)g(shell)150
-4745 y(facilities,)50 b(including)44 b(the)h Ft(compgen)d
+4761 y(facilities,)50 b(including)44 b(the)h Ft(compgen)d
Fu(and)i Ft(compopt)e Fu(builtins)i(describ)s(ed)f(b)s(elo)m(w)h(\(see)
-i(Section)f(8.7)150 4855 y([Programmable)31 b(Completion)h(Builtins],)f
-(page)h(146\),)g(to)g(generate)g(the)f(matc)m(hes.)42
-b(It)31 b(m)m(ust)g(put)f(the)150 4964 y(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h
+i(Section)f(8.7)150 4870 y([Programmable)31 b(Completion)h(Builtins],)f
+(page)h(149\),)g(to)g(generate)g(the)f(matc)m(hes.)42
+b(It)31 b(m)m(ust)g(put)f(the)150 4980 y(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h
(in)f(the)h Ft(COMPREPLY)d Fu(arra)m(y)j(v)-5 b(ariable,)31
b(one)g(p)s(er)e(arra)m(y)i(elemen)m(t.)275 5121 y(Next,)26
b(an)m(y)f(command)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(with)g(the)h Ft(-C)f
(er)f(line,)j(to)f(the)f(standard)150 5340 y(output.)40
b(Bac)m(kslash)32 b(ma)m(y)f(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)h(escap)s(e)g(a)f
(newline,)h(if)f(necessary)-8 b(.)p eop end
-%%Page: 145 151
-TeXDict begin 145 150 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(145)275 299 y(After)24
+%%Page: 148 154
+TeXDict begin 148 153 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(148)275 299 y(After)24
b(all)i(of)f(the)f(p)s(ossible)g(completions)i(are)f(generated,)i(an)m
(y)e(\014lter)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(with)i(the)g Ft(-X)e
Fu(option)150 408 y(is)34 b(applied)g(to)g(the)h(list.)52
(return)f(124)390 5230 y(})390 5340 y(complete)g(-D)h(-F)g
(_completion_loader)c(-o)k(bashdefault)e(-o)i(default)p
eop end
-%%Page: 146 152
-TeXDict begin 146 151 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(146)150 299 y Fs(8.7)68
+%%Page: 149 155
+TeXDict begin 149 154 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(149)150 299 y Fs(8.7)68
b(Programmable)47 b(Completion)f(Builtins)150 458 y Fu(Three)21
b(builtin)g(commands)f(are)i(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)24 b(to)e(manipulate)f
(the)h(programmable)f(completion)h(facilities:)150 568
y(one)34 b(to)g(sp)s(ecify)f(ho)m(w)h(the)f(argumen)m(ts)h(to)g(a)g
(particular)g(command)f(are)h(to)g(b)s(e)f(completed,)j(and)d(t)m(w)m
(o)150 677 y(to)e(mo)s(dify)f(the)g(completion)i(as)e(it)h(is)g(happ)s
-(ening.)150 893 y Ft(compgen)870 1046 y(compgen)46 b([)p
-Fj(option)p Ft(])f([)p Fj(word)p Ft(])630 1199 y Fu(Generate)27
-b(p)s(ossible)e(completion)i(matc)m(hes)g(for)e Fr(w)m(ord)k
-Fu(according)e(to)f(the)g Fr(option)p Fu(s,)h(whic)m(h)630
-1309 y(ma)m(y)32 b(b)s(e)f(an)m(y)h(option)g(accepted)g(b)m(y)g(the)f
-Ft(complete)f Fu(builtin)h(with)g(the)g(exception)i(of)f
-Ft(-p)630 1418 y Fu(and)39 b Ft(-r)p Fu(,)i(and)e(write)h(the)g(matc)m
-(hes)g(to)g(the)g(standard)f(output.)68 b(When)39 b(using)g(the)h
-Ft(-F)630 1528 y Fu(or)33 b Ft(-C)f Fu(options,)i(the)e(v)-5
-b(arious)33 b(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariables)33 b(set)g(b)m(y)g(the)g
-(programmable)g(completion)630 1638 y(facilities,)g(while)d(a)m(v)-5
-b(ailable,)33 b(will)e(not)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g(useful)f(v)-5
-b(alues.)630 1791 y(The)34 b(matc)m(hes)h(will)g(b)s(e)f(generated)h
+(ening.)150 851 y Ft(compgen)870 990 y(compgen)46 b([-V)h
+Fj(varname)p Ft(])e([)p Fj(option)p Ft(])h([)p Fj(word)p
+Ft(])630 1129 y Fu(Generate)27 b(p)s(ossible)e(completion)i(matc)m(hes)
+g(for)e Fr(w)m(ord)k Fu(according)e(to)f(the)g Fr(option)p
+Fu(s,)h(whic)m(h)630 1239 y(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(an)m(y)i(option)f
+(accepted)h(b)m(y)e(the)h Ft(complete)e Fu(builtin)h(with)h(the)g
+(exceptions)g(of)g Ft(-p)p Fu(,)630 1348 y Ft(-r)p Fu(,)j
+Ft(-D)p Fu(,)g Ft(-E)p Fu(,)g(and)g Ft(-I)p Fu(,)g(and)g(write)g(the)h
+(matc)m(hes)g(to)g(the)g(standard)e(output.)630 1487
+y(If)f(the)i Ft(-V)e Fu(option)h(is)g(supplied,)f Ft(compgen)f
+Fu(stores)j(the)f(generated)h(completions)g(in)m(to)g(the)630
+1597 y(indexed)24 b(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 b(ariable)25 b Fr(v)-5
+b(arname)29 b Fu(instead)24 b(of)h(writing)f(them)g(to)h(the)f
+(standard)f(output.)630 1736 y(When)38 b(using)g(the)h
+Ft(-F)e Fu(or)i Ft(-C)f Fu(options,)j(the)d(v)-5 b(arious)39
+b(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariables)39 b(set)g(b)m(y)g(the)f(pro-)630
+1846 y(grammable)31 b(completion)h(facilities,)g(while)f(a)m(v)-5
+b(ailable,)33 b(will)d(not)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(useful)d(v)-5
+b(alues.)630 1985 y(The)34 b(matc)m(hes)h(will)g(b)s(e)f(generated)h
(in)f(the)h(same)g(w)m(a)m(y)g(as)g(if)f(the)h(programmable)f(com-)630
-1900 y(pletion)d(co)s(de)g(had)f(generated)i(them)e(directly)i(from)e
-(a)h(completion)h(sp)s(eci\014cation)f(with)630 2010
+2094 y(pletion)d(co)s(de)g(had)f(generated)i(them)e(directly)i(from)e
+(a)h(completion)h(sp)s(eci\014cation)f(with)630 2204
y(the)e(same)h(\015ags.)40 b(If)29 b Fr(w)m(ord)j Fu(is)d(sp)s
(eci\014ed,)g(only)g(those)h(completions)g(matc)m(hing)g
-Fr(w)m(ord)j Fu(will)630 2120 y(b)s(e)d(displa)m(y)m(ed.)630
-2273 y(The)24 b(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(is)g(true)f(unless)g(an)h(in)
+Fr(w)m(ord)j Fu(will)630 2313 y(b)s(e)d(displa)m(y)m(ed.)630
+2453 y(The)24 b(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(is)g(true)f(unless)g(an)h(in)
m(v)-5 b(alid)25 b(option)g(is)g(supplied,)f(or)h(no)g(matc)m(hes)g(w)m
-(ere)630 2382 y(generated.)150 2579 y Ft(complete)870
-2732 y(complete)46 b([-abcdefgjksuv])d([-o)k Fj(comp-option)p
-Ft(])e([-DEI])h([-A)h Fj(action)p Ft(])e([-)870 2842
-y(G)i Fj(globpat)p Ft(])870 2951 y([-W)g Fj(wordlist)p
-Ft(])e([-F)i Fj(function)p Ft(])e([-C)i Fj(command)p
-Ft(])f([-X)h Fj(filterpat)p Ft(])870 3061 y([-P)g Fj(prefix)p
-Ft(])f([-S)h Fj(suffix)p Ft(])e Fj(name)i Ft([)p Fj(name)f
-Ft(...])870 3171 y(complete)g(-pr)g([-DEI])h([)p Fj(name)f
-Ft(...)o(])630 3324 y Fu(Sp)s(ecify)37 b(ho)m(w)h(argumen)m(ts)f(to)i
-(eac)m(h)g Fr(name)j Fu(should)37 b(b)s(e)g(completed.)63
-b(If)38 b(the)f Ft(-p)g Fu(option)630 3433 y(is)30 b(supplied,)e(or)i
-(if)g(no)f(options)h(are)g(supplied,)f(existing)h(completion)h(sp)s
-(eci\014cations)g(are)630 3543 y(prin)m(ted)24 b(in)h(a)g(w)m(a)m(y)g
+(ere)630 2562 y(generated.)150 2731 y Ft(complete)870
+2870 y(complete)46 b([-abcdefgjksuv])d([-o)k Fj(comp-option)p
+Ft(])e([-DEI])h([-A)h Fj(action)p Ft(])870 2980 y([-G)g
+Fj(globpat)p Ft(])e([-W)i Fj(wordlist)p Ft(])f([-F)h
+Fj(function)p Ft(])e([-C)i Fj(command)p Ft(])870 3089
+y([-X)g Fj(filterpat)p Ft(])e([-P)i Fj(prefix)p Ft(])f([-S)h
+Fj(suffix)p Ft(])e Fj(name)i Ft([)p Fj(name)f Ft(...])870
+3199 y(complete)g(-pr)g([-DEI])h([)p Fj(name)f Ft(...)o(])630
+3338 y Fu(Sp)s(ecify)37 b(ho)m(w)h(argumen)m(ts)f(to)i(eac)m(h)g
+Fr(name)j Fu(should)37 b(b)s(e)g(completed.)63 b(If)38
+b(the)f Ft(-p)g Fu(option)630 3447 y(is)30 b(supplied,)e(or)i(if)g(no)f
+(options)h(are)g(supplied,)f(existing)h(completion)h(sp)s
+(eci\014cations)g(are)630 3557 y(prin)m(ted)24 b(in)h(a)g(w)m(a)m(y)g
(that)h(allo)m(ws)g(them)e(to)i(b)s(e)e(reused)f(as)i(input.)38
-b(The)24 b Ft(-r)g Fu(option)i(remo)m(v)m(es)630 3653
+b(The)24 b Ft(-r)g Fu(option)i(remo)m(v)m(es)630 3667
y(a)i(completion)h(sp)s(eci\014cation)f(for)g(eac)m(h)h
Fr(name)p Fu(,)f(or,)h(if)e(no)h Fr(name)5 b Fu(s)27
-b(are)h(supplied,)g(all)g(com-)630 3762 y(pletion)i(sp)s
+b(are)h(supplied,)g(all)g(com-)630 3776 y(pletion)i(sp)s
(eci\014cations.)42 b(The)29 b Ft(-D)g Fu(option)h(indicates)h(that)f
-(other)g(supplied)e(options)j(and)630 3872 y(actions)c(should)e(apply)g
+(other)g(supplied)e(options)j(and)630 3886 y(actions)c(should)e(apply)g
(to)i(the)f(\\default")h(command)e(completion;)k(that)e(is,)g
-(completion)630 3981 y(attempted)g(on)f(a)h(command)f(for)g(whic)m(h)g
+(completion)630 3995 y(attempted)g(on)f(a)h(command)f(for)g(whic)m(h)g
(no)g(completion)i(has)d(previously)h(b)s(een)g(de\014ned.)630
-4091 y(The)e Ft(-E)g Fu(option)h(indicates)g(that)g(other)g(supplied)e
-(options)h(and)g(actions)i(should)d(apply)h(to)630 4200
+4105 y(The)e Ft(-E)g Fu(option)h(indicates)g(that)g(other)g(supplied)e
+(options)h(and)g(actions)i(should)d(apply)h(to)630 4215
y(\\empt)m(y")33 b(command)e(completion;)i(that)f(is,)g(completion)h
-(attempted)f(on)g(a)f(blank)g(line.)630 4310 y(The)24
+(attempted)f(on)g(a)f(blank)g(line.)630 4324 y(The)24
b Ft(-I)g Fu(option)h(indicates)g(that)g(other)g(supplied)e(options)h
-(and)g(actions)i(should)d(apply)h(to)630 4420 y(completion)29
+(and)g(actions)i(should)d(apply)h(to)630 4434 y(completion)29
b(on)g(the)f(initial)h(non-assignmen)m(t)g(w)m(ord)f(on)g(the)g(line,)i
-(or)e(after)h(a)f(command)630 4529 y(delimiter)41 b(suc)m(h)g(as)f(`)p
+(or)e(after)h(a)f(command)630 4543 y(delimiter)41 b(suc)m(h)g(as)f(`)p
Ft(;)p Fu(')h(or)g(`)p Ft(|)p Fu(',)i(whic)m(h)e(is)f(usually)h
-(command)f(name)h(completion.)72 b(If)630 4639 y(m)m(ultiple)26
+(command)f(name)h(completion.)72 b(If)630 4653 y(m)m(ultiple)26
b(options)g(are)g(supplied,)g(the)f Ft(-D)g Fu(option)h(tak)m(es)i
(precedence)e(o)m(v)m(er)g Ft(-E)p Fu(,)h(and)e(b)s(oth)630
-4748 y(tak)m(e)34 b(precedence)f(o)m(v)m(er)h Ft(-I)p
+4762 y(tak)m(e)34 b(precedence)f(o)m(v)m(er)h Ft(-I)p
Fu(.)47 b(If)32 b(an)m(y)h(of)g Ft(-D)p Fu(,)g Ft(-E)p
Fu(,)f(or)h Ft(-I)f Fu(are)h(supplied,)f(an)m(y)h(other)g
-Fr(name)630 4858 y Fu(argumen)m(ts)k(are)g(ignored;)j(these)d
+Fr(name)630 4872 y Fu(argumen)m(ts)k(are)g(ignored;)j(these)d
(completions)h(only)e(apply)g(to)i(the)f(case)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)
-630 4968 y(the)31 b(option.)630 5121 y(The)e(pro)s(cess)g(of)h
+630 4982 y(the)31 b(option.)630 5121 y(The)e(pro)s(cess)g(of)h
(applying)g(these)g(completion)g(sp)s(eci\014cations)h(when)d(w)m(ord)i
(completion)630 5230 y(is)35 b(attempted)h(is)f(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m
(v)m(e)j(\(see)f(Section)g(8.6)g([Programmable)g(Completion],)630
-5340 y(page)31 b(143\).)p eop end
-%%Page: 147 153
-TeXDict begin 147 152 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(147)630 299 y(Other)28
+5340 y(page)31 b(146\).)p eop end
+%%Page: 150 156
+TeXDict begin 150 155 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(150)630 299 y(Other)28
b(options,)i(if)f(sp)s(eci\014ed,)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(the)f(follo)m(wing)i
(meanings.)40 b(The)29 b(argumen)m(ts)g(to)h(the)630
408 y Ft(-G)p Fu(,)41 b Ft(-W)p Fu(,)h(and)c Ft(-X)h
4408 y Ft(arrayvar)96 b Fu(Arra)m(y)31 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31
b(names.)1110 4559 y Ft(binding)144 b Fu(Readline)30
b(k)m(ey)f(binding)f(names)h(\(see)h(Section)f(8.4)h([Bindable)1590
-4669 y(Readline)h(Commands],)f(page)h(133\).)1110 4819
+4669 y(Readline)h(Commands],)f(page)h(136\).)1110 4819
y Ft(builtin)144 b Fu(Names)21 b(of)g(shell)f(builtin)h(commands.)37
b(Ma)m(y)21 b(also)h(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)1590 4929
y(as)31 b Ft(-b)p Fu(.)1110 5080 y Ft(command)144 b Fu(Command)29
Ft(-c)p Fu(.)1110 5230 y Ft(directory)1590 5340 y Fu(Directory)h
(names.)40 b(Ma)m(y)32 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(as)g
Ft(-d)p Fu(.)p eop end
-%%Page: 148 154
-TeXDict begin 148 153 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(148)1110 299 y Ft(disabled)96
+%%Page: 151 157
+TeXDict begin 151 156 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(151)1110 299 y Ft(disabled)96
b Fu(Names)31 b(of)g(disabled)f(shell)g(builtins.)1110
455 y Ft(enabled)144 b Fu(Names)31 b(of)g(enabled)f(shell)g(builtins.)
1110 610 y Ft(export)192 b Fu(Names)34 b(of)f(exp)s(orted)f(shell)h(v)
(as)g Ft(-g)p Fu(.)1110 1343 y Ft(helptopic)1590 1452
y Fu(Help)37 b(topics)g(as)g(accepted)h(b)m(y)e(the)h
Ft(help)f Fu(builtin)g(\(see)h(Sec-)1590 1562 y(tion)31
-b(4.2)g([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(55\).)1110 1718 y
+b(4.2)g([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(56\).)1110 1718 y
Ft(hostname)96 b Fu(Hostnames,)89 b(as)76 b(tak)m(en)h(from)f(the)g
(\014le)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(b)m(y)1590 1827 y(the)55 b
Ft(HOSTFILE)e Fu(shell)j(v)-5 b(ariable)56 b(\(see)g(Section)g(5.2)h
-([Bash)1590 1937 y(V)-8 b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(78\).)1110
+([Bash)1590 1937 y(V)-8 b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(79\).)1110
2093 y Ft(job)336 b Fu(Job)31 b(names,)h(if)g(job)f(con)m(trol)i(is)f
(activ)m(e.)46 b(Ma)m(y)33 b(also)g(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci-)1590
2202 y(\014ed)f(as)g Ft(-j)p Fu(.)1110 2358 y Ft(keyword)144
y(\(see)31 b(Section)h(4.3.1)g([The)e(Set)g(Builtin],)i(page)f(67\).)
1110 3091 y Ft(shopt)240 b Fu(Shell)40 b(option)g(names)g(as)g
(accepted)i(b)m(y)e(the)g Ft(shopt)e Fu(builtin)1590
-3200 y(\(see)31 b(Section)h(4.2)f([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(55\).)
+3200 y(\(see)31 b(Section)h(4.2)f([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(56\).)
1110 3356 y Ft(signal)192 b Fu(Signal)31 b(names.)1110
3512 y Ft(stopped)144 b Fu(Names)31 b(of)g(stopp)s(ed)e(jobs,)h(if)g
(job)g(con)m(trol)i(is)f(activ)m(e.)1110 3667 y Ft(user)288
f(b)s(eing)g(com-)1110 5011 y(pleted,)44 b(and)c($3)i(is)e(the)h(w)m
(ord)g(preceding)f(the)h(w)m(ord)f(b)s(eing)h(completed,)1110
5121 y(as)g(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(\(see)g(Section)f(8.6)h
-([Programmable)g(Completion],)1110 5230 y(page)30 b(143\).)42
+([Programmable)g(Completion],)1110 5230 y(page)30 b(146\).)42
b(When)29 b(it)h(\014nishes,)e(the)h(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h(are)g
(retriev)m(ed)1110 5340 y(from)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)31
b(of)g(the)f Ft(COMPREPLY)e Fu(arra)m(y)j(v)-5 b(ariable.)p
eop end
-%%Page: 149 155
-TeXDict begin 149 154 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(149)630 299 y Ft(-G)30
+%%Page: 152 158
+TeXDict begin 152 157 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(152)630 299 y Ft(-G)30
b Fj(globpat)1110 408 y Fu(The)39 b(\014lename)h(expansion)g(pattern)g
Fr(globpat)j Fu(is)d(expanded)f(to)h(generate)1110 518
y(the)31 b(p)s(ossible)e(completions.)630 708 y Ft(-P)h
Fr(\014lterpat)i Fu(is)d(remo)m(v)m(ed.)630 2671 y(The)35
b(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(is)f(true)f(unless)h(an)f(in)m(v)-5
b(alid)37 b(option)f(is)g(supplied,)g(an)g(option)h(other)630
-2781 y(than)h Ft(-p)g Fu(or)g Ft(-r)f Fu(is)h(supplied)f(without)i(a)f
-Fr(name)44 b Fu(argumen)m(t,)c(an)e(attempt)i(is)e(made)g(to)630
-2891 y(remo)m(v)m(e)32 b(a)e(completion)i(sp)s(eci\014cation)f(for)f(a)
-h Fr(name)k Fu(for)30 b(whic)m(h)g(no)g(sp)s(eci\014cation)h(exists,)
-630 3000 y(or)f(an)h(error)f(o)s(ccurs)g(adding)g(a)g(completion)i(sp)s
-(eci\014cation.)150 3190 y Ft(compopt)870 3339 y(compopt)46
-b([-o)h Fj(option)p Ft(])f([-DEI])g([+o)h Fj(option)p
-Ft(])e([)p Fj(name)p Ft(])630 3489 y Fu(Mo)s(dify)33
-b(completion)h(options)g(for)f(eac)m(h)h Fr(name)39 b
-Fu(according)34 b(to)g(the)f Fr(option)p Fu(s,)i(or)e(for)g(the)630
-3598 y(curren)m(tly-executing)46 b(completion)f(if)f(no)f
-Fr(name)5 b Fu(s)44 b(are)h(supplied.)80 b(If)43 b(no)h
-Fr(option)p Fu(s)h(are)630 3708 y(giv)m(en,)30 b(displa)m(y)e(the)g
-(completion)h(options)g(for)e(eac)m(h)i Fr(name)34 b
-Fu(or)27 b(the)i(curren)m(t)e(completion.)630 3818 y(The)f(p)s(ossible)
-g(v)-5 b(alues)27 b(of)f Fr(option)h Fu(are)g(those)g(v)-5
-b(alid)26 b(for)g(the)h Ft(complete)d Fu(builtin)i(describ)s(ed)630
-3927 y(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)41 b(The)27 b Ft(-D)f Fu(option)i(indicates)g
-(that)g(other)f(supplied)f(options)i(should)e(apply)h(to)h(the)630
-4037 y(\\default")33 b(command)f(completion;)i(that)f(is,)g(completion)
-g(attempted)g(on)f(a)g(command)630 4146 y(for)g(whic)m(h)g(no)g
-(completion)i(has)e(previously)g(b)s(een)g(de\014ned.)45
-b(The)32 b Ft(-E)f Fu(option)i(indicates)630 4256 y(that)23
-b(other)f(supplied)e(options)j(should)e(apply)g(to)i(\\empt)m(y")g
-(command)f(completion;)k(that)630 4366 y(is,)36 b(completion)g
-(attempted)g(on)e(a)h(blank)g(line.)54 b(The)34 b Ft(-I)g
-Fu(option)h(indicates)g(that)h(other)630 4475 y(supplied)23
-b(options)i(should)f(apply)g(to)i(completion)g(on)e(the)h(initial)h
-(non-assignmen)m(t)f(w)m(ord)630 4585 y(on)37 b(the)f(line,)j(or)e
-(after)g(a)g(command)f(delimiter)i(suc)m(h)e(as)h(`)p
-Ft(;)p Fu(')g(or)f(`)p Ft(|)p Fu(',)j(whic)m(h)e(is)f(usually)630
-4694 y(command)30 b(name)h(completion.)630 4844 y(If)k(m)m(ultiple)i
-(options)f(are)g(supplied,)g(the)g Ft(-D)g Fu(option)g(tak)m(es)h
-(precedence)g(o)m(v)m(er)g Ft(-E)p Fu(,)g(and)630 4954
-y(b)s(oth)30 b(tak)m(e)i(precedence)e(o)m(v)m(er)i Ft(-I)630
-5103 y Fu(The)23 b(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(is)f(true)g(unless)f(an)h
-(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)24 b(option)h(is)f(supplied,)g(an)g(attempt)h(is)f
-(made)630 5213 y(to)32 b(mo)s(dify)f(the)g(options)h(for)f(a)h
+2781 y(than)29 b Ft(-p)p Fu(,)g Ft(-r)p Fu(,)h Ft(-D)p
+Fu(,)f Ft(-E)p Fu(,)g(or)h Ft(-I)e Fu(is)i(supplied)e(without)h(a)h
+Fr(name)35 b Fu(argumen)m(t,)30 b(an)f(attempt)i(is)630
+2891 y(made)24 b(to)g(remo)m(v)m(e)i(a)e(completion)h(sp)s
+(eci\014cation)g(for)e(a)h Fr(name)29 b Fu(for)24 b(whic)m(h)f(no)h(sp)
+s(eci\014cation)630 3000 y(exists,)31 b(or)g(an)f(error)g(o)s(ccurs)g
+(adding)g(a)h(completion)g(sp)s(eci\014cation.)150 3190
+y Ft(compopt)870 3339 y(compopt)46 b([-o)h Fj(option)p
+Ft(])f([-DEI])g([+o)h Fj(option)p Ft(])e([)p Fj(name)p
+Ft(])630 3489 y Fu(Mo)s(dify)33 b(completion)h(options)g(for)f(eac)m(h)
+h Fr(name)39 b Fu(according)34 b(to)g(the)f Fr(option)p
+Fu(s,)i(or)e(for)g(the)630 3598 y(curren)m(tly-executing)46
+b(completion)f(if)f(no)f Fr(name)5 b Fu(s)44 b(are)h(supplied.)80
+b(If)43 b(no)h Fr(option)p Fu(s)h(are)630 3708 y(giv)m(en,)30
+b(displa)m(y)e(the)g(completion)h(options)g(for)e(eac)m(h)i
+Fr(name)34 b Fu(or)27 b(the)i(curren)m(t)e(completion.)630
+3818 y(The)f(p)s(ossible)g(v)-5 b(alues)27 b(of)f Fr(option)h
+Fu(are)g(those)g(v)-5 b(alid)26 b(for)g(the)h Ft(complete)d
+Fu(builtin)i(describ)s(ed)630 3927 y(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)41
+b(The)27 b Ft(-D)f Fu(option)i(indicates)g(that)g(other)f(supplied)f
+(options)i(should)e(apply)h(to)h(the)630 4037 y(\\default")33
+b(command)f(completion;)i(that)f(is,)g(completion)g(attempted)g(on)f(a)
+g(command)630 4146 y(for)g(whic)m(h)g(no)g(completion)i(has)e
+(previously)g(b)s(een)g(de\014ned.)45 b(The)32 b Ft(-E)f
+Fu(option)i(indicates)630 4256 y(that)23 b(other)f(supplied)e(options)j
+(should)e(apply)g(to)i(\\empt)m(y")g(command)f(completion;)k(that)630
+4366 y(is,)36 b(completion)g(attempted)g(on)e(a)h(blank)g(line.)54
+b(The)34 b Ft(-I)g Fu(option)h(indicates)g(that)h(other)630
+4475 y(supplied)23 b(options)i(should)f(apply)g(to)i(completion)g(on)e
+(the)h(initial)h(non-assignmen)m(t)f(w)m(ord)630 4585
+y(on)37 b(the)f(line,)j(or)e(after)g(a)g(command)f(delimiter)i(suc)m(h)
+e(as)h(`)p Ft(;)p Fu(')g(or)f(`)p Ft(|)p Fu(',)j(whic)m(h)e(is)f
+(usually)630 4694 y(command)30 b(name)h(completion.)630
+4844 y(If)k(m)m(ultiple)i(options)f(are)g(supplied,)g(the)g
+Ft(-D)g Fu(option)g(tak)m(es)h(precedence)g(o)m(v)m(er)g
+Ft(-E)p Fu(,)g(and)630 4954 y(b)s(oth)30 b(tak)m(e)i(precedence)e(o)m
+(v)m(er)i Ft(-I)630 5103 y Fu(The)23 b(return)g(v)-5
+b(alue)25 b(is)f(true)g(unless)f(an)h(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)24
+b(option)h(is)f(supplied,)g(an)g(attempt)h(is)f(made)630
+5213 y(to)32 b(mo)s(dify)f(the)g(options)h(for)f(a)h
Fr(name)k Fu(for)31 b(whic)m(h)g(no)g(completion)i(sp)s(eci\014cation)f
(exists,)630 5322 y(or)e(an)h(output)f(error)g(o)s(ccurs.)p
eop end
-%%Page: 150 156
-TeXDict begin 150 155 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(150)150 299 y Fs(8.8)68
+%%Page: 153 159
+TeXDict begin 153 158 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(153)150 299 y Fs(8.8)68
b(A)44 b(Programmable)j(Completion)f(Example)150 458
y Fu(The)37 b(most)g(common)g(w)m(a)m(y)i(to)e(obtain)h(additional)g
(completion)g(functionalit)m(y)h(b)s(ey)m(ond)d(the)i(default)150
y(_skipdot=false)772 5230 y(#)f(preprocess)e(CDPATH)h(to)i(convert)d
(null)i(directory)e(names)i(to)g(.)772 5340 y(_cdpath=${CDPATH/#:/.:})p
eop end
-%%Page: 151 157
-TeXDict begin 151 156 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
-b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(151)772 299 y Ft
+%%Page: 154 160
+TeXDict begin 154 159 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41
+b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(154)772 299 y Ft
(_cdpath=${_cdpath//::/:.)o(:})772 408 y(_cdpath=${_cdpath/\045:/:.})
772 518 y(for)47 b(i)g(in)g(${_cdpath//:/$'\\n'};)c(do)963
628 y(if)k([[)g($i)g(-ef)g(.)h(]];)f(then)f(_skipdot=true;)e(fi)963
b(ariable)28 b(completion)h(for)150 4100 y(w)m(ords)e(b)s(eginning)h
(with)f(`)p Ft($)p Fu(')h(or)g(`)p Ft(${)p Fu(',)h(completions)g(con)m
(taining)g(pathname)f(expansion)g(patterns)g(\(see)150
-4209 y(Section)j(3.5.8)h([Filename)g(Expansion],)e(page)i(35\),)f(and)f
+4209 y(Section)j(3.5.8)h([Filename)g(Expansion],)e(page)i(36\),)f(and)f
(so)h(on.)275 4344 y(Once)39 b(installed)i(using)e Ft(complete)p
Fu(,)h Ft(_comp_cd)d Fu(will)j(b)s(e)g(called)g(ev)m(ery)h(time)f(w)m
(e)g(attempt)h(w)m(ord)150 4453 y(completion)32 b(for)e(a)h
40 w(completion)h(pac)m(k)-5 b(age)57 b(is)e(distributed)f(with)h(bash)
f(in)h(the)150 5270 y Ft(examples/complete)26 b Fu(sub)s(directory)-8
b(.)p eop end
-%%Page: 152 158
-TeXDict begin 152 157 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(152)150 299
+%%Page: 155 161
+TeXDict begin 155 160 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(155)150 299
y Fp(9)80 b(Using)53 b(History)g(In)l(teractiv)l(ely)150
554 y Fu(This)42 b(c)m(hapter)h(describ)s(es)f(ho)m(w)g(to)h(use)g(the)
f Fm(gnu)h Fu(History)g(Library)e(in)m(teractiv)m(ely)-8
(history)f(list)i(to)f(the)g(\014le)g(named)f(b)m(y)h
Ft($HISTFILE)p Fu(.)51 b(If)35 b(the)g Ft(histappend)d
Fu(shell)150 2532 y(option)26 b(is)g(set)g(\(see)h(Section)f(4.2)h
-([Bash)f(Builtins],)h(page)g(55\),)h(the)e(lines)g(are)g(app)s(ended)e
+([Bash)f(Builtins],)h(page)g(56\),)h(the)e(lines)g(are)g(app)s(ended)e
(to)i(the)g(history)150 2641 y(\014le,)36 b(otherwise)f(the)g(history)f
(\014le)h(is)f(o)m(v)m(erwritten.)55 b(If)34 b Ft(HISTFILE)e
Fu(is)j(unset,)g(or)g(if)f(the)h(history)f(\014le)h(is)150
(commands)g(are)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)33 b(in)e(eac)m(h)150
3911 y(editing)45 b(mo)s(de)g(that)g(pro)m(vide)g(access)h(to)f(the)g
(history)f(list)i(\(see)f(Section)h(8.4.2)g([Commands)e(F)-8
-b(or)150 4020 y(History],)31 b(page)h(134\).)275 4162
+b(or)150 4020 y(History],)31 b(page)h(137\).)275 4162
y(The)47 b(shell)i(allo)m(ws)h(con)m(trol)f(o)m(v)m(er)h(whic)m(h)e
(commands)g(are)h(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(on)f(the)h(history)f(list.)95
b(The)150 4272 y Ft(HISTCONTROL)25 b Fu(and)j Ft(HISTIGNORE)e
5340 y Fu(Bash)31 b(pro)m(vides)f(t)m(w)m(o)i(builtin)e(commands)g
(whic)m(h)g(manipulate)g(the)h(history)f(list)h(and)f(history)g
(\014le.)p eop end
-%%Page: 153 159
-TeXDict begin 153 158 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(9:)41
-b(Using)30 b(History)h(In)m(teractiv)m(ely)1925 b(153)150
+%%Page: 156 162
+TeXDict begin 156 161 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(9:)41
+b(Using)30 b(History)h(In)m(teractiv)m(ely)1925 b(156)150
299 y Ft(fc)870 430 y(fc)47 b([-e)g Fj(ename)p Ft(])f([-lnr])g([)p
Fj(first)p Ft(])g([)p Fj(last)p Ft(])870 540 y(fc)h(-s)g([)p
Fj(pat)p Ft(=)p Fj(rep)p Ft(])f([)p Fj(command)p Ft(])630
3061 y(runs)35 b(the)h(last)h(command)f(b)s(eginning)g(with)g
Ft(cc)f Fu(and)h(t)m(yping)g(`)p Ft(r)p Fu(')h(re-executes)h(the)e
(last)630 3170 y(command)30 b(\(see)h(Section)h(6.6)f([Aliases],)h
-(page)g(100\).)150 3324 y Ft(history)870 3455 y(history)46
+(page)g(101\).)150 3324 y Ft(history)870 3455 y(history)46
b([)p Fj(n)p Ft(])870 3565 y(history)g(-c)870 3674 y(history)g(-d)h
Fj(offset)870 3784 y Ft(history)f(-d)h Fj(start)p Ft(-)p
Fj(end)870 3893 y Ft(history)f([-anrw])g([)p Fj(filename)p
(it)1110 5340 y(should)32 b(b)s(e)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)i(it)g(app)s
(ears)e(when)g(the)i(history)f(is)g(displa)m(y)m(ed.)50
b(If)p eop end
-%%Page: 154 160
-TeXDict begin 154 159 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(9:)41
-b(Using)30 b(History)h(In)m(teractiv)m(ely)1925 b(154)1110
+%%Page: 157 163
+TeXDict begin 157 162 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(9:)41
+b(Using)30 b(History)h(In)m(teractiv)m(ely)1925 b(157)1110
299 y Fr(o\013set)26 b Fu(is)d(negativ)m(e,)k(it)c(is)g(in)m(terpreted)
h(as)f(relativ)m(e)i(to)f(one)f(greater)h(than)f(the)1110
408 y(last)36 b(history)f(p)s(osition,)h(so)f(negativ)m(e)i(indices)e
b(to)d(manipulate)h(the)f(selected)h(w)m(ords.)48 b(The)32
b(line)i(is)f(brok)m(en)f(in)m(to)i(w)m(ords)f(in)f(the)i(same)p
eop end
-%%Page: 155 161
-TeXDict begin 155 160 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(9:)41
-b(Using)30 b(History)h(In)m(teractiv)m(ely)1925 b(155)150
+%%Page: 158 164
+TeXDict begin 158 163 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(9:)41
+b(Using)30 b(History)h(In)m(teractiv)m(ely)1925 b(158)150
299 y(fashion)23 b(that)g(Bash)g(do)s(es,)h(so)f(that)h(sev)m(eral)g(w)
m(ords)e(surrounded)e(b)m(y)j(quotes)g(are)g(considered)g(one)g(w)m
(ord.)150 408 y(History)37 b(expansions)g(are)g(in)m(tro)s(duced)f(b)m
(expansion)g(mec)m(h-)150 2927 y(anism)h(with)g(the)g
Ft(histchars)d Fu(v)-5 b(ariable,)38 b(as)d(explained)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)
i(\(see)f(Section)f(5.2)i([Bash)e(V)-8 b(ariables],)150
-3036 y(page)32 b(78\).)44 b(The)31 b(shell)g(uses)g(the)g(history)g
+3036 y(page)32 b(79\).)44 b(The)31 b(shell)g(uses)g(the)g(history)g
(commen)m(t)i(c)m(haracter)f(to)g(mark)f(history)g(timestamps)h(when)
150 3146 y(writing)e(the)h(history)f(\014le.)150 3347
y Fk(9.3.1)63 b(Ev)m(en)m(t)39 b(Designators)150 3494
(string)f(from)g(the)h(most)g(recen)m(t)630 5340 y(searc)m(h)h(is)f
(used;)g(it)h(is)g(an)f(error)g(if)g(there)h(is)f(no)g(previous)g
(searc)m(h)h(string.)p eop end
-%%Page: 156 162
-TeXDict begin 156 161 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(9:)41
-b(Using)30 b(History)h(In)m(teractiv)m(ely)1925 b(156)150
+%%Page: 159 165
+TeXDict begin 159 164 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(9:)41
+b(Using)30 b(History)h(In)m(teractiv)m(ely)1925 b(159)150
299 y Ft(^)p Fj(string1)p Ft(^)p Fj(string2)p Ft(^)630
408 y Fu(Quic)m(k)32 b(Substitution.)44 b(Rep)s(eat)32
b(the)g(last)h(command,)f(replacing)g Fr(string1)40 b
(ev)m(en)m(t.)150 5340 y Ft(h)432 b Fu(Remo)m(v)m(e)32
b(a)f(trailing)g(pathname)g(comp)s(onen)m(t,)g(lea)m(ving)h(only)e(the)
h(head.)p eop end
-%%Page: 157 163
-TeXDict begin 157 162 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(9:)41
-b(Using)30 b(History)h(In)m(teractiv)m(ely)1925 b(157)150
+%%Page: 160 166
+TeXDict begin 160 165 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(9:)41
+b(Using)30 b(History)h(In)m(teractiv)m(ely)1925 b(160)150
299 y Ft(t)432 b Fu(Remo)m(v)m(e)32 b(all)f(leading)h(pathname)e(comp)s
(onen)m(ts,)h(lea)m(ving)h(the)e(tail.)150 458 y Ft(r)432
b Fu(Remo)m(v)m(e)32 b(a)f(trailing)g(su\016x)f(of)g(the)h(form)f(`)p
Ft(G)432 b Fu(Apply)30 b(the)g(follo)m(wing)i(`)p Ft(s)p
Fu(')f(or)f(`)p Ft(&)p Fu(')h(mo)s(di\014er)e(once)i(to)g(eac)m(h)h(w)m
(ord)e(in)g(the)g(ev)m(en)m(t.)p eop end
-%%Page: 158 164
-TeXDict begin 158 163 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(158)150 299
+%%Page: 161 167
+TeXDict begin 161 166 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(161)150 299
y Fp(10)80 b(Installing)52 b(Bash)150 539 y Fu(This)31
b(c)m(hapter)h(pro)m(vides)g(basic)g(instructions)f(for)g(installing)i
(Bash)f(on)f(the)h(v)-5 b(arious)31 b(supp)s(orted)f(plat-)150
(out)f(con-)330 3071 y(trolling)c(the)g(lo)s(cations)g(where)f
Ft(bash)f Fu(and)h(other)g(\014les)g(are)h(installed)g(is)f(b)s(elo)m
(w)g(\(see)h(Section)g(10.4)330 3181 y([Installation)k(Names],)g(page)f
-(160\).)275 3343 y(The)20 b Ft(configure)f Fu(shell)i(script)g
+(163\).)275 3343 y(The)20 b Ft(configure)f Fu(shell)i(script)g
(attempts)h(to)g(guess)f(correct)i(v)-5 b(alues)21 b(for)g(v)-5
b(arious)21 b(system-dep)s(enden)m(t)150 3453 y(v)-5
b(ariables)38 b(used)f(during)f(compilation.)64 b(It)37
(Bash)g(in)h(a)g(directory)g(separate)g(from)f(the)h(source)g
(directory)g({)g(to)g(build)150 4984 y(for)30 b(m)m(ultiple)i(arc)m
(hitectures,)g(for)e(example)h({)g(just)f(use)h(the)f(full)h(path)f(to)
-h(the)g(con\014gure)f(script.)41 b(The)150 5094 y(follo)m(wing)24
-b(commands)f(will)g(build)f(bash)g(in)g(a)h(directory)h(under)d
-Ft(/usr/local/build)d Fu(from)23 b(the)g(source)150 5204
+h(the)g(con\014gure)f(script.)41 b(The)150 5094 y(follo)m(wing)23
+b(commands)e(will)h(build)f(Bash)h(in)f(a)h(directory)g(under)f
+Ft(/usr/local/build)c Fu(from)k(the)h(source)150 5204
y(co)s(de)31 b(in)f Ft(/usr/local/src/bash-4.4)o Fu(:)390
5340 y Ft(mkdir)46 b(/usr/local/build/bash-4.4)p eop
end
-%%Page: 159 165
-TeXDict begin 159 164 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
-b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(159)390 299 y Ft(cd)47
+%%Page: 162 168
+TeXDict begin 162 167 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
+b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(162)390 299 y Ft(cd)47
b(/usr/local/build/bash-4.4)390 408 y(bash)g(/usr/local/src/bash-4.4)o
(/con)o(fig)o(ure)390 518 y(make)275 652 y Fu(See)27
b(Section)h(10.3)g([Compiling)g(F)-8 b(or)27 b(Multiple)h(Arc)m
-(hitectures],)i(page)d(159,)j(for)c(more)i(information)150
+(hitectures],)i(page)d(162,)j(for)c(more)i(information)150
762 y(ab)s(out)i(building)g(in)g(a)g(directory)h(separate)h(from)e(the)
g(source.)275 896 y(If)53 b(y)m(ou)h(need)f(to)i(do)e(un)m(usual)g
(things)g(to)i(compile)g(Bash,)k(please)c(try)e(to)i(\014gure)e(out)h
3817 y(y)m(ou)k(w)m(an)m(t)h(the)g(ob)5 b(ject)41 b(\014les)f(and)f
(executables)j(to)e(go)h(and)f(run)e(the)j Ft(configure)c
Fu(script)j(from)g(the)150 3926 y(source)32 b(directory)h(\(see)g
-(Section)f(10.1)i([Basic)f(Installation],)i(page)e(158\).)47
+(Section)f(10.1)i([Basic)f(Installation],)i(page)e(161\).)47
b(Y)-8 b(ou)32 b(ma)m(y)h(need)f(to)g(supply)150 4036
y(the)43 b Ft(--srcdir=PATH)c Fu(argumen)m(t)k(to)h(tell)g
Ft(configure)c Fu(where)i(the)h(source)g(\014les)g(are.)78
h(one)150 5340 y(arc)m(hitecture)32 b(b)s(efore)e(y)m(ou)h(can)f
(create)i(build)e(directories)h(for)f(other)h(arc)m(hitectures.)p
eop end
-%%Page: 160 166
-TeXDict begin 160 165 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
-b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(160)150 299 y Fs(10.4)68
+%%Page: 163 169
+TeXDict begin 163 168 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
+b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(163)150 299 y Fs(10.4)68
b(Installation)47 b(Names)150 458 y Fu(By)36 b(default,)g(`)p
Ft(make)30 b(install)p Fu(')j(will)j(install)g(in)m(to)g
Ft(/usr/local/bin)p Fu(,)d Ft(/usr/local/man)p Fu(,)g(etc.;)39
y(prefix=)p Fj(PATH)p Fu('\).)35 b(The)21 b Ft(prefix)f
Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)22 b(pro)m(vides)g(a)f(default)h(for)f
Ft(exec_prefix)e Fu(and)i(other)g(v)-5 b(ariables)150
-1006 y(used)30 b(when)f(installing)i(bash.)275 1159 y(Y)-8
+1006 y(used)30 b(when)f(installing)i(Bash.)275 1159 y(Y)-8
b(ou)71 b(can)h(sp)s(ecify)f(separate)h(installation)h(pre\014xes)d
(for)h(arc)m(hitecture-sp)s(eci\014c)i(\014les)f(and)150
1268 y(arc)m(hitecture-indep)s(enden)m(t)44 b(\014les.)80
b(install)g(exec_prefix=/)p Fu(')23 b(will)28 b(install)g
Ft(bash)e Fu(and)150 1859 y Ft(bashbug)i Fu(in)m(to)k
Ft(/bin)d Fu(instead)i(of)f(the)h(default)f Ft(/usr/local/bin)p
-Fu(.)275 2012 y(If)43 b(y)m(ou)i(w)m(an)m(t)g(to)g(see)f(the)h(\014les)
-f(bash)f(will)i(install)g(and)e(where)h(it)g(will)h(install)g(them)f
+Fu(.)275 2012 y(If)42 b(y)m(ou)i(w)m(an)m(t)g(to)g(see)g(the)f(\014les)
+h(Bash)f(will)h(install)g(and)e(where)h(it)h(will)g(install)g(them)f
(without)150 2122 y(c)m(hanging)35 b(an)m(ything)f(on)f(y)m(our)h
(system,)h(sp)s(ecify)e(the)h(v)-5 b(ariable)35 b Ft(DESTDIR)d
Fu(as)i(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(to)h Ft(make)p Fu(.)150 2231
b(A)40 b(w)m(arning:)58 b(the)40 b(Bash)g Ft(configure)c
Fu(lo)s(oks)k(for)f(a)h(site)150 5340 y(script,)31 b(but)e(not)i(all)g
Ft(configure)d Fu(scripts)i(do.)p eop end
-%%Page: 161 167
-TeXDict begin 161 166 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
-b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(161)150 299 y Fs(10.7)68
+%%Page: 164 170
+TeXDict begin 164 169 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
+b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(164)150 299 y Fs(10.7)68
b(Op)t(eration)46 b(Con)l(trols)150 458 y Ft(configure)28
b Fu(recognizes)k(the)e(follo)m(wing)i(options)f(to)g(con)m(trol)h(ho)m
(w)e(it)h(op)s(erates.)150 606 y Ft(--cache-file=)p Fj(file)630
5340 y(than)f(the)h(v)m(ersion)g(in)f Ft(lib/readline)p
Fu(.)36 b(This)25 b(w)m(orks)g(only)h(with)f(Readline)h(5.0)h(and)e
(later)p eop end
-%%Page: 162 168
-TeXDict begin 162 167 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
-b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(162)630 299 y(v)m(ersions.)46
+%%Page: 165 171
+TeXDict begin 165 170 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
+b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(165)630 299 y(v)m(ersions.)46
b(If)32 b Fr(PREFIX)41 b Fu(is)32 b Ft(yes)f Fu(or)i(not)f(supplied,)f
Ft(configure)f Fu(uses)i(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)32 b(of)h(the)630
408 y(mak)m(e)28 b(v)-5 b(ariables)29 b Ft(includedir)24
y Ft(--enable-alias)630 5230 y Fu(Allo)m(w)41 b(alias)g(expansion)f
(and)f(include)g(the)h Ft(alias)f Fu(and)g Ft(unalias)e
Fu(builtins)j(\(see)g(Sec-)630 5340 y(tion)31 b(6.6)g([Aliases],)i
-(page)e(100\).)p eop end
-%%Page: 163 169
-TeXDict begin 163 168 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
-b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(163)150 299 y Ft
+(page)e(101\).)p eop end
+%%Page: 166 172
+TeXDict begin 166 171 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
+b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(166)150 299 y Ft
(--enable-alt-array-imple)o(ment)o(atio)o(n)630 408 y
-Fu(This)33 b(builds)g(bash)g(using)h(an)g(alternate)i(implemen)m
-(tation)f(of)g(arra)m(ys)f(\(see)h(Section)g(6.7)630
-518 y([Arra)m(ys],)43 b(page)d(100\))h(that)f(pro)m(vides)g(faster)g
+Fu(This)32 b(builds)g(Bash)h(using)f(an)g(alternate)j(implemen)m
+(tation)f(of)f(arra)m(ys)h(\(see)f(Section)h(6.7)630
+518 y([Arra)m(ys],)43 b(page)d(101\))h(that)f(pro)m(vides)g(faster)g
(access)h(at)f(the)g(exp)s(ense)f(of)h(using)f(more)630
628 y(memory)30 b(\(sometimes)i(man)m(y)e(times)h(more,)g(dep)s(ending)
e(on)h(ho)m(w)h(sparse)f(an)g(arra)m(y)h(is\).)150 774
(3.2.5.1)i([Lo)s(oping)d(Constructs],)h(page)g(11\).)150
1139 y Ft(--enable-array-variables)630 1249 y Fu(Include)h(supp)s(ort)g
(for)h(one-dimensional)h(arra)m(y)f(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariables)33
-b(\(see)h(Section)g(6.7)h([Ar-)630 1358 y(ra)m(ys],)c(page)g(100\).)150
+b(\(see)h(Section)g(6.7)h([Ar-)630 1358 y(ra)m(ys],)c(page)g(101\).)150
1504 y Ft(--enable-bang-history)630 1614 y Fu(Include)36
b(supp)s(ort)f(for)h Ft(csh)p Fu(-lik)m(e)h(history)g(substitution)f
(\(see)h(Section)g(9.3)h([History)f(In-)630 1724 y(teraction],)c(page)e
-(154\).)150 1870 y Ft(--enable-brace-expansion)630 1979
+(157\).)150 1870 y Ft(--enable-brace-expansion)630 1979
y Fu(Include)40 b Ft(csh)p Fu(-lik)m(e)h(brace)f(expansion)g(\()h
Ft(b{a,b}c)d Fq(7!)i Ft(bac)30 b(bbc)39 b Fu(\).)71 b(See)40
b(Section)h(3.5.1)630 2089 y([Brace)32 b(Expansion],)e(page)h(24,)h
Fu(reserv)m(ed)i(w)m(ord)g(\(see)h(Section)f(3.2.3)630
4609 y([Pip)s(elines],)31 b(page)g(10\).)150 4756 y Ft
(--enable-debugger)630 4865 y Fu(Include)f(supp)s(ort)e(for)i(the)h
-(bash)f(debugger)g(\(distributed)g(separately\).)150
-5011 y Ft(--enable-dev-fd-stat-bro)o(ken)630 5121 y Fu(If)c(calling)j
+(Bash)g(debugger)f(\(distributed)f(separately\).)150
+5011 y Ft(--enable-dev-fd-stat-bro)o(ken)630 5121 y Fu(If)d(calling)j
Ft(stat)d Fu(on)g(/dev/fd/)p Fr(N)38 b Fu(returns)25
b(di\013eren)m(t)j(results)f(than)f(calling)j Ft(fstat)c
Fu(on)i(\014le)630 5230 y(descriptor)g Fr(N)p Fu(,)i(supply)c(this)j
(option)g(to)g(enable)f(a)h(w)m(ork)-5 b(around.)39 b(This)27
b(has)g(implications)630 5340 y(for)j(conditional)i(commands)e(that)h
(test)g(\014le)g(attributes.)p eop end
-%%Page: 164 170
-TeXDict begin 164 169 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
-b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(164)150 299 y Ft
+%%Page: 167 173
+TeXDict begin 167 172 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
+b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(167)150 299 y Ft
(--enable-direxpand-defau)o(lt)630 408 y Fu(Cause)53
b(the)g Ft(direxpand)d Fu(shell)j(option)h(\(see)g(Section)f(4.3.2)i
([The)e(Shopt)f(Builtin],)630 518 y(page)29 b(71\))g(to)f(b)s(e)f
(for)h(a)g Ft(csh)p Fu(-lik)m(e)h(directory)f(stac)m(k)i(and)d(the)i
Ft(pushd)p Fu(,)f Ft(popd)p Fu(,)g(and)f Ft(dirs)630
1026 y Fu(builtins)d(\(see)h(Section)g(6.8)h([The)e(Directory)i(Stac)m
-(k],)g(page)f(102\).)150 1205 y Ft(--enable-disabled-builti)o(ns)630
+(k],)g(page)f(103\).)150 1205 y Ft(--enable-disabled-builti)o(ns)630
1315 y Fu(Allo)m(w)40 b(builtin)e(commands)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m
(ed)i(via)f(`)p Ft(builtin)29 b(xxx)p Fu(')37 b(ev)m(en)j(after)f
Ft(xxx)e Fu(has)630 1425 y(b)s(een)31 b(disabled)g(using)g(`)p
Ft(enable)d(-n)i(xxx)p Fu('.)43 b(See)32 b(Section)g(4.2)h([Bash)e
-(Builtins],)i(page)f(55,)630 1534 y(for)e(details)i(of)e(the)h
+(Builtins],)i(page)f(56,)630 1534 y(for)e(details)i(of)e(the)h
Ft(builtin)d Fu(and)i Ft(enable)e Fu(builtin)i(commands.)150
1714 y Ft(--enable-dparen-arithmet)o(ic)630 1823 y Fu(Include)42
b(supp)s(ort)f(for)h(the)h Ft(\(\(...)o(\)\))f Fu(command)g(\(see)i
4035 y Fu(Include)24 b(the)h Ft(help)f Fu(builtin,)h(whic)m(h)g(displa)
m(ys)f(help)h(on)f(shell)h(builtins)f(and)h(v)-5 b(ariables)25
b(\(see)630 4144 y(Section)31 b(4.2)h([Bash)e(Builtins],)i(page)f
-(55\).)150 4324 y Ft(--enable-history)630 4433 y Fu(Include)e(command)g
+(56\).)150 4324 y Ft(--enable-history)630 4433 y Fu(Include)e(command)g
(history)h(and)f(the)h Ft(fc)f Fu(and)g Ft(history)e
Fu(builtin)j(commands)f(\(see)h(Sec-)630 4543 y(tion)h(9.1)g([Bash)g
-(History)g(F)-8 b(acilities],)34 b(page)d(152\).)150
+(History)g(F)-8 b(acilities],)34 b(page)d(155\).)150
4722 y Ft(--enable-job-control)630 4832 y Fu(This)h(enables)i(the)f
(job)g(con)m(trol)i(features)e(\(see)i(Chapter)d(7)i([Job)f(Con)m
-(trol],)i(page)f(113\),)630 4941 y(if)c(the)h(op)s(erating)g(system)f
+(trol],)i(page)f(116\),)630 4941 y(if)c(the)h(op)s(erating)g(system)f
(supp)s(orts)f(them.)150 5121 y Ft(--enable-multibyte)630
5230 y Fu(This)g(enables)i(supp)s(ort)d(for)i(m)m(ultib)m(yte)h(c)m
(haracters)g(if)f(the)g(op)s(erating)h(system)f(pro)m(vides)630
5340 y(the)h(necessary)f(supp)s(ort.)p eop end
-%%Page: 165 171
-TeXDict begin 165 170 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
-b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(165)150 299 y Ft
+%%Page: 168 174
+TeXDict begin 168 173 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
+b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(168)150 299 y Ft
(--enable-net-redirection)o(s)630 408 y Fu(This)23 b(enables)h(the)g
(sp)s(ecial)h(handling)e(of)h(\014lenames)g(of)g(the)g(form)g
Ft(/dev/tcp/)p Fj(host)p Ft(/)p Fj(port)630 518 y Fu(and)31
628 y(tions],)e(page)g(38\).)150 787 y Ft(--enable-process-substit)o
(utio)o(n)630 897 y Fu(This)49 b(enables)i(pro)s(cess)f(substitution)g
(\(see)h(Section)g(3.5.6)h([Pro)s(cess)e(Substitution],)630
-1006 y(page)31 b(34\))h(if)e(the)h(op)s(erating)f(system)h(pro)m(vides)
+1006 y(page)31 b(35\))h(if)e(the)h(op)s(erating)f(system)h(pro)m(vides)
f(the)h(necessary)g(supp)s(ort.)150 1166 y Ft(--enable-progcomp)630
1275 y Fu(Enable)d(the)g(programmable)g(completion)i(facilities)g
(\(see)f(Section)g(8.6)g([Programmable)630 1385 y(Completion],)i(page)h
-(143\).)42 b(If)30 b(Readline)h(is)f(not)h(enabled,)f(this)h(option)g
+(146\).)42 b(If)30 b(Readline)h(is)f(not)h(enabled,)f(this)h(option)g
(has)f(no)g(e\013ect.)150 1544 y Ft(--enable-prompt-string-d)o(ecod)o
(ing)630 1654 y Fu(T)-8 b(urn)30 b(on)i(the)f(in)m(terpretation)i(of)f
(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(bac)m(kslash-escap)s(ed)g(c)m(haracters)i
(in)d(the)630 1763 y Ft($PS0)p Fu(,)36 b Ft($PS1)p Fu(,)g
Ft($PS2)p Fu(,)h(and)e Ft($PS4)f Fu(prompt)h(strings.)57
b(See)36 b(Section)h(6.9)g([Con)m(trolling)g(the)630
-1873 y(Prompt],)30 b(page)h(104,)h(for)f(a)f(complete)i(list)f(of)g
+1873 y(Prompt],)30 b(page)h(105,)h(for)f(a)f(complete)i(list)f(of)g
(prompt)e(string)i(escap)s(e)f(sequences.)150 2032 y
Ft(--enable-readline)630 2142 y Fu(Include)e(supp)s(ort)f(for)h
(command-line)h(editing)g(and)f(history)g(with)g(the)h(Bash)g(v)m
(ersion)g(of)630 2252 y(the)i(Readline)g(library)f(\(see)h(Chapter)f(8)
-g([Command)g(Line)g(Editing],)h(page)g(117\).)150 2411
+g([Command)g(Line)g(Editing],)h(page)g(120\).)150 2411
y Ft(--enable-restricted)630 2521 y Fu(Include)41 b(supp)s(ort)f(for)i
(a)g Fr(restricted)g(shell)p Fu(.)75 b(If)42 b(this)f(is)h(enabled,)j
(Bash,)g(when)c(called)630 2630 y(as)f Ft(rbash)p Fu(,)h(en)m(ters)f(a)
g(restricted)h(mo)s(de.)68 b(See)40 b(Section)h(6.10)g([The)f
-(Restricted)h(Shell],)630 2740 y(page)31 b(105,)h(for)e(a)h
+(Restricted)h(Shell],)630 2740 y(page)31 b(107,)h(for)e(a)h
(description)f(of)h(restricted)g(mo)s(de.)150 2899 y
Ft(--enable-select)630 3009 y Fu(Include)25 b(the)h Ft(select)f
Fu(comp)s(ound)f(command,)j(whic)m(h)e(allo)m(ws)j(the)e(generation)h
(--enable-strict-posix-de)o(faul)o(t)630 3875 y Fu(Mak)m(e)c(Bash)f
Fm(posix)p Fu(-conforman)m(t)g(b)m(y)f(default)h(\(see)g(Section)h
(6.11)g([Bash)f(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)630 3985 y(page)31
-b(106\).)150 4144 y Ft(--enable-translatable-st)o(ring)o(s)630
+b(107\).)150 4144 y Ft(--enable-translatable-st)o(ring)o(s)630
4254 y Fu(Enable)h(supp)s(ort)e(for)i Ft($")p Fj(string)p
Ft(")e Fu(translatable)j(strings)f(\(see)h(Section)g(3.1.2.5)h([Lo)s
(cale)630 4364 y(T)-8 b(ranslation],)32 b(page)f(7\).)150
Ft(echo)f Fu(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)i(more)g(lik)m(e)h(the)e(v)m(ersion)h(sp)s
(eci\014ed)f(in)g(the)630 5230 y(Single)35 b(Unix)f(Sp)s
(eci\014cation,)i(v)m(ersion)e(3.)53 b(See)35 b(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)g
-(Builtins],)h(page)f(55,)630 5340 y(for)30 b(a)h(description)f(of)h
+(Builtins],)h(page)f(56,)630 5340 y(for)30 b(a)h(description)f(of)h
(the)f(escap)s(e)h(sequences)g(that)g Ft(echo)e Fu(recognizes.)p
eop end
-%%Page: 166 172
-TeXDict begin 166 171 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
-b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(166)275 299 y(The)28 b(\014le)i
+%%Page: 169 175
+TeXDict begin 169 174 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(10:)41
+b(Installing)31 b(Bash)2356 b(169)275 299 y(The)28 b(\014le)i
Ft(config-top.h)c Fu(con)m(tains)31 b(C)d(Prepro)s(cessor)h(`)p
Ft(#define)p Fu(')f(statemen)m(ts)j(for)f(options)f(whic)m(h)150
408 y(are)35 b(not)g(settable)i(from)d Ft(configure)p
(ou)h(do.)55 b(Read)36 b(the)g(commen)m(ts)g(asso)s(ciated)h(with)e
(eac)m(h)i(de\014nition)e(for)g(more)150 628 y(information)c(ab)s(out)f
(its)h(e\013ect.)p eop end
-%%Page: 167 173
-TeXDict begin 167 172 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(167)150 299
+%%Page: 170 176
+TeXDict begin 170 175 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(170)150 299
y Fp(App)t(endix)52 b(A)81 b(Rep)t(orting)53 b(Bugs)150
533 y Fu(Please)33 b(rep)s(ort)e(all)h(bugs)f(y)m(ou)h(\014nd)e(in)i
(Bash.)44 b(But)32 b(\014rst,)g(y)m(ou)g(should)e(mak)m(e)j(sure)e
b(/)g(/)g(ftp)g(.)g(gnu)g(.)g(org)g(/)g(pub)g(/)g(gnu)g(/)g(bash)g(/)45
b Fu(and)40 b(from)g Ft(http:)8 b(/)g(/)g(git)g(.)150
862 y(savannah.gnu.org/cgit/ba)o(sh.g)o(it/s)o(nap)o(shot)o(/bas)o(h-m)
-o(aste)o(r.ta)o(r.g)o(z)p Fu(.)275 996 y(Once)26 b(y)m(ou)h(ha)m(v)m(e)
-g(determined)f(that)h(a)g(bug)f(actually)i(exists,)g(use)e(the)g
-Ft(bashbug)f Fu(command)h(to)h(sub-)150 1106 y(mit)21
-b(a)f(bug)g(rep)s(ort)g(or)g(use)g(the)g(form)g(at)h(the)g
-Ft(<)p Fu(a)f(href=)p Ft(")p Fu(h)m(ttps://sa)m(v)-5
-b(annah.gn)m(u.org/pro)5 b(jects/bash/)p Ft(">)p Fu(Bash)150
-1215 y(pro)g(ject)27 b(page)p Ft(<)p Fu(/a)p Ft(>)p Fu(.)41
-b(If)26 b(y)m(ou)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(a)f(\014x,)h(y)m(ou)f(are)g(encouraged)
-g(to)h(submit)e(that)h(as)g(w)m(ell!)40 b(Suggestions)150
-1325 y(and)33 b(`philosophical')i(bug)e(rep)s(orts)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f
-(mailed)h(to)g Ft(bug-bash@gnu)s(.)s(org)29 b Fu(or)k
-Ft(help-bash@gnu)s(.)150 1435 y(org)p Fu(.)275 1569 y(All)e(bug)e(rep)s
-(orts)h(should)f(include:)225 1704 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)30
-b(v)m(ersion)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(Bash.)225 1838
-y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)30 b(hardw)m(are)g(and)g(op)s(erating)g(system.)
-225 1973 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)30 b(compiler)h(used)e(to)i(compile)h
-(Bash.)225 2107 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(A)30 b(description)h(of)f(the)h(bug)f
-(b)s(eha)m(viour.)225 2242 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(A)30 b(short)h(script)f
-(or)g(`recip)s(e')h(whic)m(h)f(exercises)i(the)e(bug)g(and)g(ma)m(y)h
-(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(repro)s(duce)e(it.)150 2401 y Ft(bashbug)d
-Fu(inserts)i(the)h(\014rst)f(three)g(items)h(automatically)i(in)m(to)f
-(the)e(template)i(it)f(pro)m(vides)f(for)g(\014ling)h(a)150
-2511 y(bug)h(rep)s(ort.)275 2645 y(Please)h(send)f(all)h(rep)s(orts)f
-(concerning)g(this)h(man)m(ual)f(to)h Ft(bug-bash@gnu.org)p
-Fu(.)p eop end
-%%Page: 168 174
-TeXDict begin 168 173 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(168)150 141
+o(aste)o(r.ta)o(r.g)o(z)p Fu(.)275 996 y(Once)41 b(y)m(ou)g(ha)m(v)m(e)
+h(determined)f(that)h(a)f(bug)g(actually)h(exists,)j(use)c(the)g
+Ft(bashbug)e Fu(command)i(to)150 1106 y(submit)21 b(a)g(bug)g(rep)s
+(ort)g(or)g(use)g(the)h(form)e(at)j(the)e(Bash)h(pro)5
+b(ject)21 b(page)h(\()p Ft(https://savannah.gnu.org/)150
+1215 y(projects/bash/)p Fu(\).)35 b(If)24 b(y)m(ou)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(a)f
+(\014x,)g(y)m(ou)g(are)g(encouraged)g(to)g(submit)f(that)h(as)g(w)m
+(ell!)39 b(Suggestions)150 1325 y(and)33 b(`philosophical')i(bug)e(rep)
+s(orts)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(mailed)h(to)g Ft(bug-bash@gnu)s(.)s(org)29
+b Fu(or)k Ft(help-bash@gnu)s(.)150 1435 y(org)p Fu(.)275
+1569 y(All)e(bug)e(rep)s(orts)h(should)f(include:)225
+1704 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)30 b(v)m(ersion)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h
+(Bash.)225 1838 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)30 b(hardw)m(are)g(and)g(op)s
+(erating)g(system.)225 1973 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)30
+b(compiler)h(used)e(to)i(compile)h(Bash.)225 2107 y Fq(\017)60
+b Fu(A)30 b(description)h(of)f(the)h(bug)f(b)s(eha)m(viour.)225
+2242 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(A)30 b(short)h(script)f(or)g(`recip)s(e')h(whic)
+m(h)f(exercises)i(the)e(bug)g(and)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(repro)
+s(duce)e(it.)150 2401 y Ft(bashbug)d Fu(inserts)i(the)h(\014rst)f
+(three)g(items)h(automatically)i(in)m(to)f(the)e(template)i(it)f(pro)m
+(vides)f(for)g(\014ling)h(a)150 2511 y(bug)h(rep)s(ort.)275
+2645 y(Please)h(send)f(all)h(rep)s(orts)f(concerning)g(this)h(man)m
+(ual)f(to)h Ft(bug-bash@gnu.org)p Fu(.)p eop end
+%%Page: 171 177
+TeXDict begin 171 176 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(171)150 141
y Fp(App)t(endix)58 b(B)81 b(Ma)9 b(jor)54 b(Di\013erences)d(F)-13
b(rom)54 b(The)g(Bourne)1088 299 y(Shell)150 530 y Fu(Bash)26
b(implemen)m(ts)h(essen)m(tially)g(the)g(same)f(grammar,)h(parameter)f
Fm(posix)p Fu(-conforman)m(t,)g(ev)m(en)g(where)f(the)g
Fm(posix)g Fu(sp)s(eci\014cation)h(di\013ers)f(from)g(traditional)330
1431 y Ft(sh)e Fu(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(\(see)i(Section)f(6.11)h([Bash)e
-(POSIX)g(Mo)s(de],)h(page)g(106\).)225 1565 y Fq(\017)60
+(POSIX)g(Mo)s(de],)h(page)g(107\).)225 1565 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(Bash)26 b(has)g(m)m(ulti-c)m(haracter)i(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)g
(options)f(\(see)f(Section)h(6.1)g([In)m(v)m(oking)g(Bash],)h(page)e
-(91\).)225 1699 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash)40 b(has)f(command-line)h
+(92\).)225 1699 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash)40 b(has)f(command-line)h
(editing)g(\(see)h(Chapter)e(8)h([Command)f(Line)g(Editing],)k(page)d
-(117\))330 1809 y(and)30 b(the)g Ft(bind)g Fu(builtin.)225
+(120\))330 1809 y(and)30 b(the)g Ft(bind)g Fu(builtin.)225
1943 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash)46 b(pro)m(vides)g(a)g(programmable)g(w)m
(ord)f(completion)i(mec)m(hanism)f(\(see)h(Section)g(8.6)g([Pro-)330
-2052 y(grammable)39 b(Completion],)i(page)e(143\),)i(and)d(builtin)g
+2052 y(grammable)39 b(Completion],)i(page)e(146\),)i(and)d(builtin)g
(commands)f Ft(complete)p Fu(,)h Ft(compgen)p Fu(,)h(and)330
2162 y Ft(compopt)p Fu(,)29 b(to)i(manipulate)g(it.)225
2296 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash)26 b(has)f(command)h(history)f(\(see)i
(Section)f(9.1)h([Bash)f(History)h(F)-8 b(acilities],)30
-b(page)c(152\))i(and)d(the)330 2405 y Ft(history)k Fu(and)h
+b(page)c(155\))i(and)d(the)330 2405 y Ft(history)k Fu(and)h
Ft(fc)g Fu(builtins)g(to)h(manipulate)g(it.)42 b(The)30
b(Bash)h(history)g(list)g(main)m(tains)g(timestamp)330
2515 y(information)g(and)e(uses)h(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)31
b(to)f(displa)m(y)f(it.)225 2649 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash)48
b(implemen)m(ts)h Ft(csh)p Fu(-lik)m(e)g(history)f(expansion)g(\(see)h
(Section)g(9.3)h([History)f(In)m(teraction],)330 2759
-y(page)31 b(154\).)225 2892 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash)29
+y(page)31 b(157\).)225 2892 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash)29
b(has)h(one-dimensional)g(arra)m(y)f(v)-5 b(ariables)30
-b(\(see)h(Section)f(6.7)g([Arra)m(ys],)h(page)f(100\),)h(and)e(the)330
+b(\(see)h(Section)f(6.7)g([Arra)m(ys],)h(page)f(101\),)h(and)e(the)330
3002 y(appropriate)39 b(v)-5 b(ariable)40 b(expansions)f(and)g
(assignmen)m(t)h(syn)m(tax)g(to)g(use)f(them.)67 b(Sev)m(eral)40
b(of)g(the)330 3112 y(Bash)32 b(builtins)f(tak)m(e)j(options)e(to)h
(whic)m(h)f(allo)m(ws)i(the)f(generation)g(of)g(simple)330
5340 y(men)m(us)f(\(see)h(Section)g(3.2.5.2)i([Conditional)e
(Constructs],)g(page)g(12\).)p eop end
-%%Page: 169 175
-TeXDict begin 169 174 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+%%Page: 172 178
+TeXDict begin 172 177 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
b(B:)i(Ma)5 b(jor)31 b(Di\013erences)g(F)-8 b(rom)31
-b(The)f(Bourne)g(Shell)1258 b(169)225 299 y Fq(\017)60
+b(The)f(Bourne)g(Shell)1258 b(172)225 299 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(Bash)40 b(includes)g(the)g Ft([[)g Fu(comp)s(ound)e(command,)43
b(whic)m(h)c(mak)m(es)i(conditional)h(testing)f(part)f(of)330
408 y(the)f(shell)g(grammar)g(\(see)h(Section)f(3.2.5.2)j([Conditional)
(page)h(25\).)225 1034 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash)24 b(implemen)m(ts)h
(command)e(aliases)j(and)d(the)i Ft(alias)d Fu(and)i
Ft(unalias)e Fu(builtins)h(\(see)i(Section)g(6.6)330
-1143 y([Aliases],)32 b(page)f(100\).)225 1279 y Fq(\017)60
+1143 y([Aliases],)32 b(page)f(101\).)225 1279 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(Bash)32 b(pro)m(vides)g(shell)g(arithmetic,)i(the)e
Ft(\(\()g Fu(comp)s(ound)e(command)i(\(see)h(Section)f(3.2.5.2)j([Con-)
330 1388 y(ditional)d(Constructs],)e(page)i(12\),)g(and)e(arithmetic)i
(expansion)e(\(see)i(Section)f(6.5)h([Shell)f(Arith-)330
-1498 y(metic],)h(page)f(98\).)225 1633 y Fq(\017)60 b
+1498 y(metic],)h(page)f(99\).)225 1633 y Fq(\017)60 b
Fu(V)-8 b(ariables)31 b(presen)m(t)e(in)g(the)g(shell's)h(initial)g(en)
m(vironmen)m(t)g(are)g(automatically)i(exp)s(orted)d(to)h(c)m(hild)330
1743 y(pro)s(cesses.)38 b(The)23 b(Bourne)g(shell)g(do)s(es)g(not)g
Ft(``)e Fu(\(whic)m(h)i(is)f(also)330 4495 y(implemen)m(ted)31
b(for)f(bac)m(kw)m(ards)h(compatibilit)m(y\).)225 4631
y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash)31 b(has)f(pro)s(cess)g(substitution)g(\(see)h
-(Section)g(3.5.6)h([Pro)s(cess)f(Substitution],)f(page)h(34\).)225
+(Section)g(3.5.6)h([Pro)s(cess)f(Substitution],)f(page)h(35\).)225
4766 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash)55 b(automatically)j(assigns)e(v)-5
b(ariables)55 b(that)h(pro)m(vide)f(information)h(ab)s(out)f(the)g
(curren)m(t)330 4876 y(user)40 b(\()p Ft(UID)p Fu(,)i
(of)g(Bash)f(that)h(is)f(running)f(\()p Ft(BASH)p Fu(,)56
b Ft(BASH_VERSION)p Fu(,)e(and)330 5095 y Ft(BASH_VERSINFO)p
Fu(\).)37 b(See)31 b(Section)g(5.2)h([Bash)e(V)-8 b(ariables],)33
-b(page)e(78,)g(for)f(details.)225 5230 y Fq(\017)60 b
+b(page)e(79,)g(for)f(details.)225 5230 y Fq(\017)60 b
Fu(The)44 b Ft(IFS)f Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)45 b(is)f(used)f(to)i(split)f
(only)g(the)g(results)g(of)h(expansion,)i(not)d(all)h(w)m(ords)f(\(see)
330 5340 y(Section)29 b(3.5.7)h([W)-8 b(ord)29 b(Splitting],)h(page)f
(35\).)41 b(This)28 b(closes)h(a)g(longstanding)g(shell)f(securit)m(y)h
(hole.)p eop end
-%%Page: 170 176
-TeXDict begin 170 175 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+%%Page: 173 179
+TeXDict begin 173 178 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
b(B:)i(Ma)5 b(jor)31 b(Di\013erences)g(F)-8 b(rom)31
-b(The)f(Bourne)g(Shell)1258 b(170)225 299 y Fq(\017)60
+b(The)f(Bourne)g(Shell)1258 b(173)225 299 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(The)36 b(\014lename)h(expansion)f(brac)m(k)m(et)i(expression)f(co)
s(de)f(uses)g(`)p Ft(!)p Fu(')h(and)f(`)p Ft(^)p Fu(')h(to)g(negate)h
(the)f(set)g(of)330 408 y(c)m(haracters)32 b(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)f(the)f
(erators,)i(including)d(c)m(har-)330 646 y(acter)j(classes,)i(equiv)-5
b(alence)39 b(classes,)j(and)c(collating)j(sym)m(b)s(ols)d(\(see)i
(Section)f(3.5.8)h([Filename)330 756 y(Expansion],)30
-b(page)h(35\).)225 883 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash)35 b(implemen)m(ts)g
+b(page)h(36\).)225 883 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash)35 b(implemen)m(ts)g
(extended)g(pattern)g(matc)m(hing)h(features)f(when)f(the)h
Ft(extglob)d Fu(shell)j(option)330 993 y(is)30 b(enabled)h(\(see)g
(Section)g(3.5.8.1)i([P)m(attern)f(Matc)m(hing],)g(page)f(36\).)225
(cal)g(v)-5 b(ariables)30 b(using)f(the)g Ft(local)f
Fu(builtin,)i(and)e(th)m(us)330 1468 y(useful)i(recursiv)m(e)g
(functions)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(written)g(\(see)i(Section)f(4.2)g([Bash)g
-(Builtins],)g(page)h(55\).)225 1596 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(V)-8
+(Builtins],)g(page)h(56\).)225 1596 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(V)-8
b(ariable)25 b(assignmen)m(ts)g(preceding)e(commands)h(a\013ect)h(only)
f(that)g(command,)h(ev)m(en)f(builtins)g(and)330 1705
y(functions)36 b(\(see)h(Section)g(3.7.4)h([En)m(vironmen)m(t],)h(page)
h(access)h(to)330 4171 y(that)34 b(builtin's)f(functionalit)m(y)h
(within)f(the)g(function)g(via)h(the)f Ft(builtin)f Fu(and)g
Ft(command)g Fu(builtins)330 4281 y(\(see)f(Section)h(4.2)f([Bash)g
-(Builtins],)g(page)g(55\).)225 4408 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)35
+(Builtins],)g(page)g(56\).)225 4408 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)35
b Ft(command)e Fu(builtin)i(allo)m(ws)i(selectiv)m(e)h(disabling)e(of)f
(functions)g(when)g(command)g(lo)s(okup)g(is)330 4518
y(p)s(erformed)29 b(\(see)i(Section)g(4.2)h([Bash)f(Builtins],)g(page)g
-(55\).)225 4646 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Individual)23 b(builtins)g(ma)m(y)i
+(56\).)225 4646 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Individual)23 b(builtins)g(ma)m(y)i
(b)s(e)e(enabled)h(or)g(disabled)g(using)f(the)h Ft(enable)f
Fu(builtin)g(\(see)i(Section)g(4.2)330 4756 y([Bash)31
-b(Builtins],)g(page)g(55\).)225 4883 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)26
+b(Builtins],)g(page)g(56\).)225 4883 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)26
b(Bash)h Ft(exec)e Fu(builtin)h(tak)m(es)i(additional)f(options)g(that)
g(allo)m(w)h(users)d(to)j(con)m(trol)g(the)e(con)m(ten)m(ts)330
4993 y(of)35 b(the)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(passed)f(to)h(the)g(executed)g
(to)h(c)m(hildren)f(via)h(the)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(using)f
Ft(export)f(-f)h Fu(\(see)330 5340 y(Section)i(3.3)h([Shell)e(F)-8
b(unctions],)32 b(page)f(19\).)p eop end
-%%Page: 171 177
-TeXDict begin 171 176 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+%%Page: 174 180
+TeXDict begin 174 179 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
b(B:)i(Ma)5 b(jor)31 b(Di\013erences)g(F)-8 b(rom)31
-b(The)f(Bourne)g(Shell)1258 b(171)225 299 y Fq(\017)60
+b(The)f(Bourne)g(Shell)1258 b(174)225 299 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(The)40 b(Bash)h Ft(export)p Fu(,)h Ft(readonly)p
Fu(,)f(and)g Ft(declare)d Fu(builtins)j(can)g(tak)m(e)h(a)f
Ft(-f)f Fu(option)i(to)f(act)h(on)330 408 y(shell)30
984 y(Section)i(4.1)h([Bourne)e(Shell)g(Builtins],)h(page)h(48\).)225
1121 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash)27 b(includes)f(a)i Ft(help)d
Fu(builtin)i(for)f(quic)m(k)h(reference)h(to)f(shell)g(facilities)i
-(\(see)f(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)330 1230 y(Builtins],)j(page)g(55\).)225
+(\(see)f(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)330 1230 y(Builtins],)j(page)g(56\).)225
1367 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)42 b Ft(printf)g Fu(builtin)g(is)h(a)m(v)-5
b(ailable)45 b(to)f(displa)m(y)f(formatted)g(output)g(\(see)h(Section)g
-(4.2)g([Bash)330 1477 y(Builtins],)31 b(page)g(55\).)225
+(4.2)g([Bash)330 1477 y(Builtins],)31 b(page)g(56\).)225
1614 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)26 b(Bash)h Ft(read)f Fu(builtin)g(\(see)i
-(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)f(Builtins],)h(page)g(55\))g(will)f(read)g(a)g
+(Section)g(4.2)g([Bash)f(Builtins],)h(page)g(56\))g(will)f(read)g(a)g
(line)g(ending)330 1724 y(in)i(`)p Ft(\\)p Fu(')h(with)f(the)g
Ft(-r)g Fu(option,)i(and)d(will)i(use)f(the)h Ft(REPLY)e
Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)30 b(as)g(a)f(default)h(if)f(no)h(non-option)330
(Builtin],)k(page)d(71\),)k(and)39 b(allo)m(ws)i(these)f(options)h(to)f
(b)s(e)f(set)i(and)330 3093 y(unset)30 b(at)h(shell)g(in)m(v)m(o)s
(cation)h(\(see)f(Section)h(6.1)f([In)m(v)m(oking)g(Bash],)g(page)h
-(91\).)225 3230 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash)45 b(has)f(m)m(uc)m(h)g(more)h
+(92\).)225 3230 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash)45 b(has)f(m)m(uc)m(h)g(more)h
(optional)h(b)s(eha)m(vior)e(con)m(trollable)j(with)e(the)f
Ft(set)g Fu(builtin)g(\(see)h(Sec-)330 3340 y(tion)31
b(4.3.1)h([The)e(Set)h(Builtin],)g(page)g(67\).)225 3477
5340 y(signal)30 b(sp)s(eci\014cation,)h(similar)f(to)g
Ft(EXIT)f Fu(and)g Ft(DEBUG)p Fu(.)39 b(Commands)28 b(sp)s(eci\014ed)h
(with)g(an)g Ft(ERR)g Fu(trap)p eop end
-%%Page: 172 178
-TeXDict begin 172 177 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+%%Page: 175 181
+TeXDict begin 175 180 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
b(B:)i(Ma)5 b(jor)31 b(Di\013erences)g(F)-8 b(rom)31
-b(The)f(Bourne)g(Shell)1258 b(172)330 299 y(are)40 b(executed)g(after)g
+b(The)f(Bourne)g(Shell)1258 b(175)330 299 y(are)40 b(executed)g(after)g
(a)f(simple)h(command)f(fails,)j(with)d(a)h(few)f(exceptions.)68
b(The)39 b Ft(ERR)g Fu(trap)g(is)330 408 y(not)g(inherited)f(b)m(y)h
(shell)g(functions)f(unless)g(the)h Ft(-o)29 b(errtrace)37
b(Bash)g Ft(type)f Fu(builtin)h(is)g(more)g(extensiv)m(e)i(and)d(giv)m
(es)j(more)e(information)h(ab)s(out)f(the)g(names)330
1439 y(it)h(\014nds)e(\(see)i(Section)g(4.2)h([Bash)e(Builtins],)i
-(page)f(55\).)225 1570 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)27 b(Bash)h
+(page)f(56\).)225 1570 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)27 b(Bash)h
Ft(umask)e Fu(builtin)h(p)s(ermits)g(a)h Ft(-p)f Fu(option)h(to)h
(cause)f(the)g(output)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(displa)m(y)m(ed)h(in)g(the)330
1680 y(form)i(of)h(a)g Ft(umask)f Fu(command)g(that)i(ma)m(y)f(b)s(e)f
(stac)m(k,)j(and)d(pro)m(vides)g(the)g Ft(pushd)p Fu(,)g
Ft(popd)p Fu(,)g(and)g Ft(dirs)330 2030 y Fu(builtins)d(to)i
(manipulate)f(it)h(\(see)g(Section)f(6.8)h([The)f(Directory)h(Stac)m
-(k],)h(page)f(102\).)47 b(Bash)32 b(also)330 2140 y(mak)m(es)f(the)g
+(k],)h(page)f(103\).)47 b(Bash)32 b(also)330 2140 y(mak)m(es)f(the)g
(directory)g(stac)m(k)g(visible)g(as)g(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)31
b(of)g(the)f Ft(DIRSTACK)f Fu(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable.)225
2272 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash)28 b(in)m(terprets)h(sp)s(ecial)g(bac)m
(kslash-escap)s(ed)g(c)m(haracters)g(in)f(the)h(prompt)e(strings)h
(when)f(in)m(ter-)330 2381 y(activ)m(e)33 b(\(see)e(Section)g(6.9)h
-([Con)m(trolling)f(the)g(Prompt],)f(page)h(104\).)225
+([Con)m(trolling)f(the)g(Prompt],)f(page)h(105\).)225
2513 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)46 b(Bash)h(restricted)g(mo)s(de)f(is)h
(more)f(useful)g(\(see)h(Section)h(6.10)g([The)e(Restricted)i(Shell],)
-330 2622 y(page)31 b(105\);)h(the)f(SVR4.2)g(shell)g(restricted)g(mo)s
+330 2622 y(page)31 b(107\);)h(the)f(SVR4.2)g(shell)g(restricted)g(mo)s
(de)f(is)g(to)s(o)h(limited.)225 2754 y Fq(\017)60 b
Fu(The)30 b Ft(disown)f Fu(builtin)h(can)h(remo)m(v)m(e)h(a)f(job)f
(from)g(the)h(in)m(ternal)g(shell)g(job)f(table)i(\(see)f(Section)h
-(7.2)330 2863 y([Job)e(Con)m(trol)h(Builtins],)g(page)g(114\))g(or)g
+(7.2)330 2863 y([Job)e(Con)m(trol)h(Builtins],)g(page)g(117\))g(or)g
(suppress)d(the)i(sending)g(of)g Ft(SIGHUP)e Fu(to)j(a)g(job)f(when)f
(the)330 2973 y(shell)i(exits)g(as)f(the)h(result)f(of)h(a)f
Ft(SIGHUP)p Fu(.)225 3104 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash)31 b(includes)f(a)g(n)
Ft(TIMEOUT)f Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(lik)m(e)h(Bash)e(uses)g
Ft(TMOUT)p Fu(.)150 3894 y(More)h(features)g(unique)e(to)i(Bash)g(ma)m
(y)g(b)s(e)f(found)f(in)h(Chapter)f(6)i([Bash)g(F)-8
-b(eatures],)32 b(page)f(91.)150 4128 y Fs(B.1)67 b(Implemen)l(tation)48
+b(eatures],)32 b(page)f(92.)150 4128 y Fs(B.1)67 b(Implemen)l(tation)48
b(Di\013erences)e(F)-11 b(rom)44 b(The)h(SVR4.2)g(Shell)150
4288 y Fu(Since)33 b(Bash)h(is)f(a)g(completely)i(new)e(implemen)m
(tation,)j(it)e(do)s(es)e(not)i(su\013er)e(from)h(man)m(y)g(of)h(the)f
(with)g Ft(SIGSEGV)e Fu(blo)s(c)m(k)m(ed)k(\(e.g.,)h(b)m(y)d(using)330
5340 y(the)31 b Ft(system\(\))d Fu(C)i(library)g(function)g(call\),)i
(it)f(misb)s(eha)m(v)m(es)g(badly)-8 b(.)p eop end
-%%Page: 173 179
-TeXDict begin 173 178 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+%%Page: 176 182
+TeXDict begin 176 181 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
b(B:)i(Ma)5 b(jor)31 b(Di\013erences)g(F)-8 b(rom)31
-b(The)f(Bourne)g(Shell)1258 b(173)225 299 y Fq(\017)60
+b(The)f(Bourne)g(Shell)1258 b(176)225 299 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(In)30 b(a)i(questionable)g(attempt)g(at)g(securit)m(y)-8
b(,)33 b(the)e(SVR4.2)h(shell,)g(when)e(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)j(without)e
(the)h Ft(-p)330 408 y Fu(option,)39 b(will)d(alter)i(its)e(real)h(and)
b Fu(The)30 b(SVR4.2)h(shell)g(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)f(di\013eren)m(tly)h
(when)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(as)e Ft(jsh)g Fu(\(it)h(turns)e(on)h(job)g
(con)m(trol\).)p eop end
-%%Page: 174 180
-TeXDict begin 174 179 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(174)150 299
+%%Page: 177 183
+TeXDict begin 177 182 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(177)150 299
y Fp(App)t(endix)52 b(C)81 b(GNU)54 b(F)-13 b(ree)53
b(Do)t(cumen)l(tation)e(License)1359 502 y Fu(V)-8 b(ersion)31
b(1.3,)g(3)g(No)m(v)m(em)m(b)s(er)h(2008)390 635 y(Cop)m(yrigh)m(t)842
5340 y(b)s(eing)e(those)h(of)g(In)m(v)-5 b(arian)m(t)27
b(Sections,)i(in)d(the)h(notice)h(that)f(sa)m(ys)g(that)g(the)g(Do)s
(cumen)m(t)g(is)g(released)p eop end
-%%Page: 175 181
-TeXDict begin 175 180 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+%%Page: 178 184
+TeXDict begin 178 183 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
b(C:)h(GNU)h(F)-8 b(ree)31 b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)i(License)1560
-b(175)330 299 y(under)26 b(this)i(License.)40 b(If)27
+b(178)330 299 y(under)26 b(this)i(License.)40 b(If)27
b(a)h(section)h(do)s(es)f(not)f(\014t)h(the)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)h
(de\014nition)e(of)h(Secondary)f(then)h(it)g(is)330 408
y(not)k(allo)m(w)m(ed)i(to)e(b)s(e)g(designated)g(as)g(In)m(v)-5
b(Disclaimers)f(ma)m(y)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g(is)f(v)m(oid)g(and)f(has)h(no)330
5189 y(e\013ect)32 b(on)e(the)h(meaning)f(of)h(this)f(License.)199
5340 y(2.)61 b(VERBA)-8 b(TIM)31 b(COPYING)p eop end
-%%Page: 176 182
-TeXDict begin 176 181 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+%%Page: 179 185
+TeXDict begin 179 184 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
b(C:)h(GNU)h(F)-8 b(ree)31 b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)i(License)1560
-b(176)330 299 y(Y)-8 b(ou)39 b(ma)m(y)f(cop)m(y)h(and)e(distribute)h
+b(179)330 299 y(Y)-8 b(ou)39 b(ma)m(y)f(cop)m(y)h(and)e(distribute)h
(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(in)f(an)m(y)g(medium,)h(either)g(commercially)h
(or)330 408 y(noncommercially)-8 b(,)48 b(pro)m(vided)42
b(that)h(this)f(License,)47 b(the)42 b(cop)m(yrigh)m(t)i(notices,)j
5340 y(Do)s(cumen)m(t,)j(and)d(from)g(those)i(of)f(previous)f(v)m
(ersions)h(\(whic)m(h)g(should,)g(if)g(there)g(w)m(ere)g(an)m(y)-8
b(,)p eop end
-%%Page: 177 183
-TeXDict begin 177 182 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+%%Page: 180 186
+TeXDict begin 180 185 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
b(C:)h(GNU)h(F)-8 b(ree)31 b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)i(License)1560
-b(177)510 299 y(b)s(e)31 b(listed)h(in)f(the)g(History)h(section)g(of)g
+b(180)510 299 y(b)s(e)31 b(listed)h(in)f(the)g(History)h(section)g(of)g
(the)f(Do)s(cumen)m(t\).)45 b(Y)-8 b(ou)32 b(ma)m(y)g(use)f(the)g(same)
h(title)h(as)510 408 y(a)e(previous)f(v)m(ersion)g(if)h(the)f(original)
i(publisher)d(of)h(that)h(v)m(ersion)g(giv)m(es)h(p)s(ermission.)360
(designate)h(some)e(or)h(all)g(of)f(these)h(sections)h(as)e(in)m(v)-5
b(arian)m(t.)48 b(T)-8 b(o)33 b(do)f(this,)h(add)f(their)p
eop end
-%%Page: 178 184
-TeXDict begin 178 183 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+%%Page: 181 187
+TeXDict begin 181 186 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
b(C:)h(GNU)h(F)-8 b(ree)31 b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)i(License)1560
-b(178)330 299 y(titles)37 b(to)f(the)f(list)h(of)g(In)m(v)-5
+b(181)330 299 y(titles)37 b(to)f(the)f(list)h(of)g(In)m(v)-5
b(arian)m(t)36 b(Sections)g(in)f(the)h(Mo)s(di\014ed)f(V)-8
b(ersion's)36 b(license)g(notice.)57 b(These)330 408
y(titles)32 b(m)m(ust)e(b)s(e)g(distinct)h(from)e(an)m(y)i(other)g
5230 y(do)s(cumen)m(t,)d(and)f(follo)m(w)i(this)e(License)h(in)g(all)g
(other)g(resp)s(ects)f(regarding)h(v)m(erbatim)g(cop)m(ying)h(of)330
5340 y(that)d(do)s(cumen)m(t.)p eop end
-%%Page: 179 185
-TeXDict begin 179 184 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+%%Page: 182 188
+TeXDict begin 182 187 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
b(C:)h(GNU)h(F)-8 b(ree)31 b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)i(License)1560
-b(179)199 299 y(7.)61 b(A)m(GGREGA)-8 b(TION)32 b(WITH)e(INDEPENDENT)h
+b(182)199 299 y(7.)61 b(A)m(GGREGA)-8 b(TION)32 b(WITH)e(INDEPENDENT)h
(W)m(ORKS)330 441 y(A)d(compilation)i(of)e(the)g(Do)s(cumen)m(t)h(or)f
(its)g(deriv)-5 b(ativ)m(es)30 b(with)d(other)i(separate)g(and)e(indep)
s(enden)m(t)330 551 y(do)s(cumen)m(ts)33 b(or)g(w)m(orks,)h(in)f(or)h
(reinstated,)i(receipt)f(of)f(a)g(cop)m(y)h(of)f(some)h(or)f(all)h(of)f
(the)330 5340 y(same)31 b(material)h(do)s(es)e(not)g(giv)m(e)i(y)m(ou)f
(an)m(y)g(righ)m(ts)f(to)i(use)e(it.)p eop end
-%%Page: 180 186
-TeXDict begin 180 185 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+%%Page: 183 189
+TeXDict begin 183 188 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
b(C:)h(GNU)h(F)-8 b(ree)31 b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)i(License)1560
-b(180)154 299 y(10.)61 b(FUTURE)30 b(REVISIONS)f(OF)i(THIS)e(LICENSE)
+b(183)154 299 y(10.)61 b(FUTURE)30 b(REVISIONS)f(OF)i(THIS)e(LICENSE)
330 433 y(The)41 b(F)-8 b(ree)43 b(Soft)m(w)m(are)f(F)-8
b(oundation)43 b(ma)m(y)f(publish)e(new,)k(revised)d(v)m(ersions)h(of)g
(the)g(GNU)g(F)-8 b(ree)330 543 y(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)34
g(under)330 3895 y(CC-BY-SA)30 b(on)g(the)h(same)f(site)h(at)g(an)m(y)g
(time)g(b)s(efore)e(August)h(1,)h(2009,)h(pro)m(vided)e(the)g(MMC)h(is)
330 4005 y(eligible)h(for)e(relicensing.)p eop end
-%%Page: 181 187
-TeXDict begin 181 186 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+%%Page: 184 190
+TeXDict begin 184 189 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
b(C:)h(GNU)h(F)-8 b(ree)31 b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)i(License)1560
-b(181)150 299 y Fs(ADDENDUM:)45 b(Ho)l(w)h(to)f(use)g(this)h(License)f
+b(184)150 299 y Fs(ADDENDUM:)45 b(Ho)l(w)h(to)f(use)g(this)h(License)f
(for)g(y)l(our)g(do)t(cumen)l(ts)150 458 y Fu(T)-8 b(o)35
b(use)f(this)h(License)g(in)f(a)h(do)s(cumen)m(t)g(y)m(ou)f(ha)m(v)m(e)
i(written,)g(include)f(a)f(cop)m(y)i(of)f(the)f(License)h(in)g(the)150
b(as)g(the)g(GNU)150 2331 y(General)31 b(Public)f(License,)i(to)f(p)s
(ermit)e(their)i(use)f(in)g(free)g(soft)m(w)m(are.)p
eop end
-%%Page: 182 188
-TeXDict begin 182 187 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(182)150 299
+%%Page: 185 191
+TeXDict begin 185 190 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(185)150 299
y Fp(App)t(endix)52 b(D)81 b(Indexes)150 639 y Fs(D.1)68
b(Index)45 b(of)g(Shell)g(Builtin)g(Commands)146 806
y(.)150 923 y Fe(.)19 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
Fs(B)150 2356 y Fe(bg)14 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)29
-b Fb(114)150 2443 y Fe(bind)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(117)150 2443 y Fe(bind)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)25
b Fb(56)150 2531 y Fe(break)9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35 b Fb(57)150 3238 y Fe(compgen)18
b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)33 b Fb(146)150 3326 y Fe(complete)16
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)33 b Fb(149)150 3326 y Fe(complete)16
b Fc(:)f(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)31 b Fb(146)150 3413 y Fe(compopt)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)
+(:)g(:)g(:)31 b Fb(149)150 3413 y Fe(compopt)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)33
-b Fb(149)150 3501 y Fe(continue)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+b Fb(152)150 3501 y Fe(continue)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)32 b
Fb(49)146 3741 y Fs(D)150 3858 y Fe(declare)22 b Fc(:)13
g(:)g(:)g(:)35 b Fb(58)150 3946 y Fe(dirs)9 b Fc(:)14
b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(102)150 4033 y Fe(disown)e
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(104)150 4033 y Fe(disown)e
Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(116)146 4274 y Fs(E)150 4391
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(119)146 4274 y Fs(E)150 4391
y Fe(echo)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)25 b
b Fb(50)146 5080 y Fs(F)150 5197 y Fe(fc)14 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)29 b Fb(153)150 5284 y Fe(fg)14 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)29 b Fb(156)150 5284 y Fe(fg)14 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)29 b Fb(114)2021 871 y Fs(G)2025 988 y Fe(getopts)22
+g(:)g(:)g(:)29 b Fb(117)2021 871 y Fs(G)2025 988 y Fe(getopts)22
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(50)2021 1250 y Fs(H)2025
b Fb(61)2025 1544 y Fe(history)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)33 b
-Fb(153)2021 1806 y Fs(J)2025 1924 y Fe(jobs)9 b Fc(:)14
+Fb(156)2021 1806 y Fs(J)2025 1924 y Fe(jobs)9 b Fc(:)14
b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(114)2021 2186 y Fs(K)2025
+g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(117)2021 2186 y Fs(K)2025
2303 y Fe(kill)9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24
-b Fb(115)2021 2554 y Fs(L)2025 2672 y Fe(let)14 b Fc(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
+b Fb(118)2021 2554 y Fs(L)2025 2672 y Fe(let)14 b Fc(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)28 b Fb(61)2025 2760 y Fe(local)9 b Fc(:)14
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(61)2021 3110 y Fs(M)2025
3227 y Fe(mapfile)h Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(61)2021
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(62)2021
3489 y Fs(P)2025 3608 y Fe(popd)9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24
-b Fb(103)2025 3696 y Fe(printf)6 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+b Fb(104)2025 3696 y Fe(printf)6 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21
b Fb(62)2025 3784 y Fe(pushd)6 b Fc(:)14 b(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)21
-b Fb(103)2025 3871 y Fe(pwd)14 b Fc(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(104)2025 3871 y Fe(pwd)14 b Fc(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)28
b Fb(51)2021 4133 y Fs(R)2025 4251 y Fe(read)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(63)2025 4339 y Fe(readarray)15 b
Fc(:)g(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(64)2025 4427 y Fe(readonly)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g
+g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(65)2025 4427 y Fe(readonly)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)33
b Fb(52)2025 4515 y Fe(return)6 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(65)2025
5235 y Fe(suspend)d Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)33 b Fb(116)p eop end
-%%Page: 183 189
-TeXDict begin 183 188 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
-b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(183)146 294 y Fs(T)150 410 y Fe(test)11
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)33 b Fb(119)p eop end
+%%Page: 186 192
+TeXDict begin 186 191 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(186)146 294 y Fs(T)150 410 y Fe(test)11
b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)25 b Fb(52)150 497
b Fb(65)150 758 y Fe(typeset)d Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35
-b Fb(65)146 1003 y Fs(U)150 1119 y Fe(ulimit)6 b Fc(:)15
+b Fb(66)146 1003 y Fs(U)150 1119 y Fe(ulimit)6 b Fc(:)15
b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)20 b Fb(65)150 1206 y Fe(umask)9
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)20 b Fb(66)150 1206 y Fe(umask)9
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)23 b Fb(55)150 1293 y
294 y Fs(W)2025 433 y Fe(wait)9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24
-b Fb(115)150 2133 y Fs(D.2)68 b(Index)45 b(of)g(Shell)g(Reserv)l(ed)h
+b Fb(118)150 2133 y Fs(D.2)68 b(Index)45 b(of)g(Shell)g(Reserv)l(ed)h
(W)-11 b(ords)146 2704 y(!)150 2820 y Fe(!)19 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)23
b Fb(12)p eop end
-%%Page: 184 190
-TeXDict begin 184 189 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
-b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(184)150 299 y Fs(D.3)68 b(P)l(arameter)47
+%%Page: 187 193
+TeXDict begin 187 192 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(187)150 299 y Fs(D.3)68 b(P)l(arameter)47
b(and)d(V)-11 b(ariable)46 b(Index)146 955 y(!)150 1072
y Fe(!)19 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
(:)31 b Fb(23)150 2495 y Fe($_)16 b Fc(:)e(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)31 b Fb(78)150 2582 y Fe($0)16 b Fc(:)e(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
+(:)g(:)31 b Fb(79)150 2582 y Fe($0)16 b Fc(:)e(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)31 b Fb(24)146 2834 y Fs(*)150 2950 y Fe(*)19
156 4272 41 6 v 150 4389 a Fe(_)19 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)33 b Fb(78)146 4631 y Fs(0)150 4748 y
+(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)33 b Fb(79)146 4631 y Fs(0)150 4748 y
Fe(0)19 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)33
b Fb(24)146 4991 y Fs(A)150 5108 y Fe(active-region-end-color)12
b Fc(:)18 b(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)26 b Fb(121)150 5196 y Fe(active-region-start-color)
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)26 b Fb(124)150 5196 y Fe(active-region-start-color)
7 b Fc(:)19 b(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)21 b Fb(121)150 5283 y Fe(auto_resume)8 b
+g(:)g(:)h(:)21 b Fb(124)150 5283 y Fe(auto_resume)8 b
Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-23 b Fb(116)2021 954 y Fs(B)2025 1074 y Fe(BASH)11 b
+23 b Fb(119)2021 954 y Fs(B)2025 1074 y Fe(BASH)11 b
Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(79)2025 1163
+g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(80)2025 1163
y Fe(BASH_ALIASES)8 b Fc(:)15 b(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)22 b Fb(79)2025 1251 y Fe(BASH_ARGC)15
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)22 b Fb(80)2025 1251 y Fe(BASH_ARGC)15
b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(79)2025 1340 y Fe(BASH_ARGV)15 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)f(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(80)2025 1340 y Fe(BASH_ARGV)15 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30
-b Fb(79)2025 1429 y Fe(BASH_ARGV0)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+b Fb(80)2025 1429 y Fe(BASH_ARGV0)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)27 b Fb(80)2025
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)27 b Fb(81)2025
1517 y Fe(BASH_CMDS)15 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(80)2025 1606
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(81)2025 1606
y Fe(BASH_COMMAND)8 b Fc(:)15 b(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)22 b Fb(80)2025 1695 y Fe(BASH_COMPAT)10
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)22 b Fb(81)2025 1695 y Fe(BASH_COMPAT)10
b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)25 b Fb(80)2025 1783 y Fe(BASH_ENV)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+g(:)25 b Fb(81)2025 1783 y Fe(BASH_ENV)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)33
-b Fb(80)2025 1872 y Fe(BASH_EXECUTION_STRING)24 b Fc(:)13
+b Fb(81)2025 1872 y Fe(BASH_EXECUTION_STRING)24 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(80)2025 1960 y Fe(BASH_LINENO)10
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(81)2025 1960 y Fe(BASH_LINENO)10
b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)25 b Fb(80)2025 2049 y Fe(BASH_LOADABLES_PATH)7 b
+g(:)25 b Fb(81)2025 2049 y Fe(BASH_LOADABLES_PATH)7 b
Fc(:)17 b(:)c(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(81)2025
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(82)2025
2138 y Fe(BASH_REMATCH)8 b Fc(:)15 b(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)22 b Fb(81)2025 2226 y Fe(BASH_SOURCE)10
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)22 b Fb(82)2025 2226 y Fe(BASH_SOURCE)10
b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)25 b Fb(81)2025 2315 y Fe(BASH_SUBSHELL)g Fc(:)13
+g(:)25 b Fb(82)2025 2315 y Fe(BASH_SUBSHELL)g Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37
-b Fb(81)2025 2403 y Fe(BASH_VERSINFO)25 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+b Fb(82)2025 2403 y Fe(BASH_VERSINFO)25 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(81)2025 2492
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(82)2025 2492
y Fe(BASH_VERSION)8 b Fc(:)15 b(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)22 b Fb(81)2025 2581 y Fe(BASH_XTRACEFD)j
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)22 b Fb(82)2025 2581 y Fe(BASH_XTRACEFD)j
Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37
-b Fb(81)2025 2669 y Fe(BASHOPTS)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
+b Fb(82)2025 2669 y Fe(BASHOPTS)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)33 b
-Fb(79)2025 2758 y Fe(BASHPID)22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
+Fb(80)2025 2758 y Fe(BASHPID)22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35
-b Fb(79)2025 2847 y Fe(bell-style)11 b Fc(:)k(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
+b Fb(80)2025 2847 y Fe(bell-style)11 b Fc(:)k(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(121)2025
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(124)2025
2935 y Fe(bind-tty-special-chars)14 b Fc(:)k(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)29
-b Fb(121)2025 3022 y Fe(blink-matching-paren)24 b Fc(:)13
+b Fb(124)2025 3022 y Fe(blink-matching-paren)24 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)34 b Fb(122)2021 3297 y Fs(C)2025
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)34 b Fb(125)2021 3297 y Fs(C)2025
3417 y Fe(CDPATH)6 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b
-Fb(78)2025 3506 y Fe(CHILD_MAX)15 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+Fb(79)2025 3506 y Fe(CHILD_MAX)15 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(82)2025
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(83)2025
3595 y Fe(colored-completion-prefix)7 b Fc(:)18 b(:)13
b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22
-b Fb(122)2025 3683 y Fe(colored-stats)h Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
+b Fb(125)2025 3683 y Fe(colored-stats)h Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(122)2025 3772 y Fe(COLUMNS)22
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(125)2025 3772 y Fe(COLUMNS)22
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(82)2025 3860 y Fe(comment-begin)23
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(83)2025 3860 y Fe(comment-begin)23
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35
-b Fb(122)2025 3949 y Fe(COMP_CWORD)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+b Fb(125)2025 3949 y Fe(COMP_CWORD)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)27 b Fb(82)2025
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)27 b Fb(83)2025
4038 y Fe(COMP_KEY)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)33 b Fb(82)2025 4126
+g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)33 b Fb(83)2025 4126
y Fe(COMP_LINE)15 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(82)2025 4215 y Fe(COMP_POINT)13
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(83)2025 4215 y Fe(COMP_POINT)13
b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)27 b Fb(82)2025 4303 y Fe(COMP_TYPE)15 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g
+(:)h(:)27 b Fb(83)2025 4303 y Fe(COMP_TYPE)15 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30
-b Fb(82)2025 4392 y Fe(COMP_WORDBREAKS)17 b Fc(:)g(:)c(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(83)2025 4392 y Fe(COMP_WORDBREAKS)17 b Fc(:)g(:)c(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(82)2025 4481 y Fe(COMP_WORDS)13
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(83)2025 4481 y Fe(COMP_WORDS)13
b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)27 b Fb(82)2025 4569 y Fe(completion-display-width)9
+(:)h(:)27 b Fb(83)2025 4569 y Fe(completion-display-width)9
b Fc(:)19 b(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)24 b Fb(122)2025 4658 y Fe(completion-ignore-case)14
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)24 b Fb(125)2025 4658 y Fe(completion-ignore-case)14
b Fc(:)k(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)29 b Fb(122)2025 4747 y Fe(completion-map-case)d
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)29 b Fb(125)2025 4747 y Fe(completion-map-case)d
Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(122)2025 4835
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(125)2025 4835
y Fe(completion-prefix-display-leng)q(th)29 b Fc(:)13
-b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38 b Fb(122)2025 4924
+b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38 b Fb(125)2025 4924
y Fe(completion-query-items)14 b Fc(:)k(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)29
-b Fb(122)2025 5012 y Fe(COMPREPLY)15 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(125)2025 5012 y Fe(COMPREPLY)15 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30 b
-Fb(83)2025 5101 y Fe(convert-meta)25 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
+Fb(84)2025 5101 y Fe(convert-meta)25 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38 b Fb(123)2025 5188
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38 b Fb(126)2025 5188
y Fe(COPROC)6 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(83)p
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(84)p
eop end
-%%Page: 185 191
-TeXDict begin 185 190 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
-b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(185)146 294 y Fs(D)150 415 y Fe(DIRSTACK)18
+%%Page: 188 194
+TeXDict begin 188 193 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(188)146 294 y Fs(D)150 414 y Fe(DIRSTACK)18
b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)32 b Fb(83)150 502 y Fe(disable-completion)7
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)32 b Fb(84)150 501 y Fe(disable-completion)7
b Fc(:)18 b(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)22 b Fb(123)146
-782 y Fs(E)150 903 y Fe(echo-control-characters)12 b
+(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)22 b Fb(126)146
+772 y Fs(E)150 892 y Fe(echo-control-characters)12 b
Fc(:)18 b(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)26 b Fb(123)150 991 y Fe(editing-mode)f
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)26 b Fb(126)150 981 y Fe(editing-mode)f
Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)37
-b Fb(123)150 1080 y Fe(emacs-mode-string)10 b Fc(:)17
+b Fb(126)150 1069 y Fe(emacs-mode-string)10 b Fc(:)17
b(:)c(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(123)150 1169
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(126)150 1158
y Fe(EMACS)9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)23 b Fb(83)150
-1258 y Fe(enable-active-region)h Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)23 b Fb(84)150
+1246 y Fe(enable-active-region)h Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)34
-b Fb(123)150 1347 y Fe(enable-bracketed-paste)14 b Fc(:)k(:)c(:)f(:)g
+b Fb(126)150 1335 y Fe(enable-bracketed-paste)14 b Fc(:)k(:)c(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)29
-b Fb(124)150 1436 y Fe(enable-keypad)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(127)150 1423 y Fe(enable-keypad)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35 b Fb(124)150 1525 y Fe(ENV)14
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35 b Fb(127)150 1511 y Fe(ENV)14
b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(83)150
-1613 y Fe(EPOCHREALTIME)d Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(84)150
+1600 y Fe(EPOCHREALTIME)d Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(83)150 1702 y Fe(EPOCHSECONDS)8
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(84)150 1688 y Fe(EPOCHSECONDS)8
b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-22 b Fb(83)150 1791 y Fe(EUID)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
+22 b Fb(84)150 1777 y Fe(EUID)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)25
-b Fb(83)150 1880 y Fe(EXECIGNORE)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+b Fb(84)150 1865 y Fe(EXECIGNORE)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)27 b Fb(83)150
-1967 y Fe(expand-tilde)e Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)27 b Fb(84)150
+1953 y Fe(expand-tilde)e Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)37 b Fb(124)146 2247 y Fs(F)150 2368
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)37 b Fb(127)146 2224 y Fs(F)150 2344
y Fe(FCEDIT)6 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)20 b Fb(84)150
-2457 y Fe(FIGNORE)i Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)20 b Fb(85)150
+2432 y Fe(FIGNORE)i Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35 b Fb(84)150
-2545 y Fe(FUNCNAME)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35 b Fb(85)150
+2521 y Fe(FUNCNAME)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)32 b Fb(84)150 2633
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)32 b Fb(85)150 2608
y Fe(FUNCNEST)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)32 b Fb(84)146 2901 y
-Fs(G)150 3022 y Fe(GLOBIGNORE)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)32 b Fb(85)146 2868 y
+Fs(G)150 2988 y Fe(GLOBIGNORE)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)27 b Fb(84)150
-3109 y Fe(GROUPS)6 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)20 b
-Fb(84)146 3377 y Fs(H)150 3498 y Fe(histchars)15 b Fc(:)h(:)d(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)30
-b Fb(84)150 3587 y Fe(HISTCMD)22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35
-b Fb(84)150 3676 y Fe(HISTCONTROL)10 b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)27 b Fb(85)150
+3076 y Fe(GLOBSORT)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)32 b Fb(85)150 3164
+y Fe(GROUPS)6 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)20 b Fb(85)146
+3423 y Fs(H)150 3543 y Fe(histchars)15 b Fc(:)h(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)30 b
+Fb(86)150 3632 y Fe(HISTCMD)22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35
+b Fb(86)150 3720 y Fe(HISTCONTROL)10 b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(85)150
-3765 y Fe(HISTFILE)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(86)150
+3809 y Fe(HISTFILE)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)32 b Fb(85)150 3854
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)32 b Fb(86)150 3897
y Fe(HISTFILESIZE)8 b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)22 b Fb(85)150 3942 y Fe(HISTIGNORE)13
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)22 b Fb(86)150 3986 y Fe(HISTIGNORE)13
b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)27 b Fb(85)150 4031 y Fe(history-preserve-point)14
+(:)g(:)27 b Fb(86)150 4074 y Fe(history-preserve-point)14
b Fc(:)k(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)29 b Fb(124)150 4120 y Fe(history-size)c
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)29 b Fb(127)150 4163 y Fe(history-size)c
Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)37
-b Fb(124)150 4209 y Fe(HISTSIZE)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+b Fb(127)150 4251 y Fe(HISTSIZE)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)32 b
-Fb(85)150 4298 y Fe(HISTTIMEFORMAT)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
+Fb(87)150 4340 y Fe(HISTTIMEFORMAT)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(85)150 4387 y Fe(HOME)11
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(87)150 4428 y Fe(HOME)11
b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)25 b Fb(78)150 4475
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)25 b Fb(79)150 4517
y Fe(horizontal-scroll-mode)14 b Fc(:)k(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)29 b Fb(124)150
-4564 y Fe(HOSTFILE)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)29 b Fb(127)150
+4605 y Fe(HOSTFILE)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)32 b Fb(86)150 4653
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)32 b Fb(87)150 4693
y Fe(HOSTNAME)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)32 b Fb(86)150 4740 y
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)32 b Fb(87)150 4781 y
Fe(HOSTTYPE)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)32 b Fb(86)2021 294 y Fs(I)2025
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)32 b Fb(87)2021 294 y Fs(I)2025
420 y Fe(IFS)14 b Fc(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)28
-b Fb(78)2025 510 y Fe(IGNOREEOF)15 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(79)2025 510 y Fe(IGNOREEOF)15 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(86)2025
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(87)2025
600 y Fe(input-meta)11 b Fc(:)k(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(124)2025 691 y Fe(INPUTRC)c
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(127)2025 691 y Fe(INPUTRC)c
Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(86)2025 781 y Fe(INSIDE_EMACS)8
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(87)2025 781 y Fe(INSIDE_EMACS)8
b Fc(:)15 b(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-22 b Fb(86)2025 868 y Fe(isearch-terminators)k Fc(:)13
+22 b Fb(87)2025 868 y Fe(isearch-terminators)k Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(125)2021 1167 y Fs(K)2025
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(128)2021 1167 y Fs(K)2025
1290 y Fe(keymap)22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(125)2021
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(128)2021
1601 y Fs(L)2025 1727 y Fe(LANG)20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35
-b Fb(8,)26 b(86)2025 1817 y Fe(LC_ALL)6 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(8,)26 b(87)2025 1817 y Fe(LC_ALL)6 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21
-b Fb(86)2025 1907 y Fe(LC_COLLATE)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+b Fb(88)2025 1907 y Fe(LC_COLLATE)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)27 b Fb(86)2025
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)27 b Fb(88)2025
1998 y Fe(LC_CTYPE)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)33 b Fb(86)2025 2088
+g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)33 b Fb(88)2025 2088
y Fe(LC_MESSAGES)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(8,)26 b(86)2025 2178 y Fe(LC_NUMERIC)13
+g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(8,)26 b(88)2025 2178 y Fe(LC_NUMERIC)13
b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)27 b Fb(87)2025 2269 y Fe(LC_TIME)22 b Fc(:)13
+(:)h(:)27 b Fb(88)2025 2269 y Fe(LC_TIME)22 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(87)2025 2359 y Fe(LINENO)6 b Fc(:)14
+h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(88)2025 2359 y Fe(LINENO)6 b Fc(:)14
b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(87)2025 2446 y Fe(LINES)9
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(88)2025 2446 y Fe(LINES)9
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)23 b Fb(87)2021 2746
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)23 b Fb(88)2021 2746
y Fs(M)2025 2872 y Fe(MACHTYPE)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)33 b
-Fb(87)2025 2962 y Fe(MAIL)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
+Fb(88)2025 2962 y Fe(MAIL)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26
-b Fb(78)2025 3052 y Fe(MAILCHECK)15 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+b Fb(79)2025 3052 y Fe(MAILCHECK)15 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(87)2025
+(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(88)2025
3143 y Fe(MAILPATH)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)33 b Fb(78)2025 3233
+g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)33 b Fb(79)2025 3233
y Fe(MAPFILE)22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(87)2025 3323
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(88)2025 3323
y Fe(mark-modified-lines)26 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37
-b Fb(125)2025 3414 y Fe(mark-symlinked-directories)27
+b Fb(128)2025 3414 y Fe(mark-symlinked-directories)27
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-36 b Fb(125)2025 3504 y Fe(match-hidden-files)7 b Fc(:)17
+36 b Fb(128)2025 3504 y Fe(match-hidden-files)7 b Fc(:)17
b(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)22 b Fb(125)2025 3594
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)22 b Fb(128)2025 3594
y Fe(menu-complete-display-prefix)17 b Fc(:)h(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)31 b Fb(126)2025 3681 y Fe(meta-flag)13
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)31 b Fb(129)2025 3681 y Fe(meta-flag)13
b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)28 b Fb(124)2021 3992 y Fs(O)2025 4118 y Fe(OLDPWD)6
+(:)f(:)28 b Fb(127)2021 3992 y Fs(O)2025 4118 y Fe(OLDPWD)6
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(87)2025 4208 y Fe(OPTARG)6
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(88)2025 4208 y Fe(OPTARG)6
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(78)2025 4299 y Fe(OPTERR)6
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(79)2025 4299 y Fe(OPTERR)6
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(87)2025 4389 y Fe(OPTIND)6
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(88)2025 4389 y Fe(OPTIND)6
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(78)2025 4480 y Fe(OSTYPE)6
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(79)2025 4480 y Fe(OSTYPE)6
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(87)2025 4567 y Fe(output-meta)8
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(88)2025 4567 y Fe(output-meta)8
b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-23 b Fb(126)p eop end
-%%Page: 186 192
-TeXDict begin 186 191 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
-b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(186)146 294 y Fs(P)150 410 y Fe(page-completions)
+23 b Fb(129)p eop end
+%%Page: 189 195
+TeXDict begin 189 194 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(189)146 294 y Fs(P)150 410 y Fe(page-completions)
13 b Fc(:)j(:)d(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)27 b Fb(126)150
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)27 b Fb(129)150
497 y Fe(PATH)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)25
-b Fb(78)150 584 y Fe(PIPESTATUS)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(79)150 584 y Fe(PIPESTATUS)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)27 b Fb(87)150
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)27 b Fb(88)150
671 y Fe(POSIXLY_CORRECT)17 b Fc(:)g(:)c(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(87)150 758 y Fe(PPID)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(89)150 758 y Fe(PPID)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)25 b Fb(87)150 846 y Fe(PROMPT_COMMAND)e Fc(:)13
+(:)h(:)25 b Fb(89)150 846 y Fe(PROMPT_COMMAND)e Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)34
-b Fb(87)150 933 y Fe(PROMPT_DIRTRIM)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
+b Fb(89)150 933 y Fe(PROMPT_DIRTRIM)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(88)150 1020 y Fe(PS0)14
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(89)150 1020 y Fe(PS0)14
b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(88)150
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(89)150
1107 y Fe(PS1)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)28
-b Fb(78)150 1194 y Fe(PS2)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
+b Fb(79)150 1194 y Fe(PS2)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)28
-b Fb(78)150 1281 y Fe(PS3)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
+b Fb(79)150 1281 y Fe(PS3)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)28
-b Fb(88)150 1369 y Fe(PS4)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
+b Fb(89)150 1369 y Fe(PS4)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)28
-b Fb(88)150 1456 y Fe(PWD)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
+b Fb(89)150 1456 y Fe(PWD)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)28
-b Fb(88)146 1689 y Fs(R)150 1804 y Fe(RANDOM)6 b Fc(:)15
+b Fb(89)146 1689 y Fs(R)150 1804 y Fe(RANDOM)6 b Fc(:)15
b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)20 b Fb(88)150 1892 y Fe(READLINE_ARGUMENT)12
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)20 b Fb(89)150 1892 y Fe(READLINE_ARGUMENT)12
b Fc(:)17 b(:)c(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)26 b Fb(88)150
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)26 b Fb(89)150
1979 y Fe(READLINE_LINE)f Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(88)150 2066 y Fe(READLINE_MARK)25
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(89)150 2066 y Fe(READLINE_MARK)25
b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37
-b Fb(88)150 2153 y Fe(READLINE_POINT)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
+b Fb(89)150 2153 y Fe(READLINE_POINT)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(88)150 2240 y Fe(REPLY)9
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(90)150 2240 y Fe(REPLY)9
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)23 b Fb(88)150 2327 y
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)23 b Fb(90)150 2327 y
Fe(revert-all-at-newline)17 b Fc(:)h(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32
-b Fb(126)146 2560 y Fs(S)150 2676 y Fe(SECONDS)22 b Fc(:)13
-b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)35 b Fb(88)150 2763 y Fe(SHELL)9 b Fc(:)14
-b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)23 b Fb(88)150 2851 y Fe(SHELLOPTS)15
-b Fc(:)h(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(89)150 2938 y Fe(SHLVL)9 b Fc(:)14
-b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)23 b Fb(89)150 3025 y Fe(show-all-if-ambiguous)
-17 b Fc(:)h(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(126)150 3112 y Fe
-(show-all-if-unmodified)14 b Fc(:)k(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)29 b Fb(126)150
-3199 y Fe(show-mode-in-prompt)d Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37
-b Fb(126)2025 260 y Fe(skip-completed-text)26 b Fc(:)13
-b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(127)2025 347 y Fe(SRANDOM)22
-b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(89)2021 673 y Fs(T)2025 803
-y Fe(TEXTDOMAIN)15 b Fc(:)g(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)30 b Fb(8)2025 895 y Fe(TEXTDOMAINDIR)7
-b Fc(:)16 b(:)d(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-23 b Fb(8)2025 986 y Fe(TIMEFORMAT)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)27 b Fb(89)2025
-1078 y Fe(TMOUT)9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(129)146 2560 y Fs(S)150 2676 y Fe(search-ignore-case)7
+b Fc(:)18 b(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
+(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)22 b Fb(129)150
+2763 y Fe(SECONDS)g Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
+(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35 b Fb(90)150
+2851 y Fe(SHELL)9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)23
+b Fb(90)150 2938 y Fe(SHELLOPTS)15 b Fc(:)h(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
+(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(90)150
+3025 y Fe(SHLVL)9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)23
+b Fb(90)150 3112 y Fe(show-all-if-ambiguous)17 b Fc(:)h(:)13
+b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(129)150 3199 y Fe(show-all-if-unmodified)14
+b Fc(:)k(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)29 b Fb(129)2025 260 y Fe(show-mode-in-prompt)d
+Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(129)2025 351 y
+Fe(skip-completed-text)26 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37
+b Fb(130)2025 438 y Fe(SRANDOM)22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35
+b Fb(90)2021 758 y Fs(T)2025 887 y Fe(TEXTDOMAIN)15 b
+Fc(:)g(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
+f(:)g(:)30 b Fb(8)2025 978 y Fe(TEXTDOMAINDIR)7 b Fc(:)16
+b(:)d(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)23
+b Fb(8)2025 1069 y Fe(TIMEFORMAT)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)27 b Fb(90)2025
+1161 y Fe(TMOUT)9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)23
-b Fb(89)2025 1165 y Fe(TMPDIR)6 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(91)2025 1248 y Fe(TMPDIR)6 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21
-b Fb(90)2021 1492 y Fs(U)2025 1617 y Fe(UID)14 b Fc(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+b Fb(91)2021 1567 y Fs(U)2025 1692 y Fe(UID)14 b Fc(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)28 b Fb(90)2021 1943 y Fs(V)2025 2073
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)28 b Fb(91)2021 2012 y Fs(V)2025 2140
y Fe(vi-cmd-mode-string)7 b Fc(:)17 b(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)22
-b Fb(127)2025 2165 y Fe(vi-ins-mode-string)7 b Fc(:)17
+b Fb(130)2025 2232 y Fe(vi-ins-mode-string)7 b Fc(:)17
b(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)22 b Fb(127)2025 2252
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)22 b Fb(130)2025 2319
y Fe(visible-stats)h Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(127)150 3845 y Fs(D.4)68 b(F)-11 b(unction)44
-b(Index)146 4330 y(A)150 4447 y Fe(abort)27 b(\(C-g\))15
+f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(130)150 3838 y Fs(D.4)68 b(F)-11 b(unction)44
+b(Index)146 4324 y(A)150 4441 y Fe(abort)27 b(\(C-g\))15
b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)30
-b Fb(141)150 4535 y Fe(accept-line)e(\(Newline)g(or)e(Return\))12
+b Fb(144)150 4529 y Fe(accept-line)e(\(Newline)g(or)e(Return\))12
b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)27
-b Fb(134)150 4622 y Fe(alias-expand-line)i(\(\))9 b Fc(:)14
+b Fb(137)150 4616 y Fe(alias-expand-line)i(\(\))9 b Fc(:)14
b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(143)146 4873 y Fs(B)150
-4990 y Fe(backward-char)29 b(\(C-b\))12 b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(146)146 4872 y Fs(B)150
+4989 y Fe(backward-char)29 b(\(C-b\))12 b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)26 b Fb(133)150 5077 y Fe(backward-delete-char)k(\(Rubout\))22
+(:)26 b Fb(136)150 5077 y Fe(backward-delete-char)k(\(Rubout\))22
b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)35
-b Fb(136)150 5165 y Fe(backward-kill-line)30 b(\(C-x)c(Rubout\))e
+b Fb(139)150 5165 y Fe(backward-kill-line)30 b(\(C-x)c(Rubout\))e
Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b
-Fb(137)150 5252 y Fe(backward-kill-word)30 b(\(M-DEL\))11
+Fb(140)150 5252 y Fe(backward-kill-word)30 b(\(M-DEL\))11
b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-26 b Fb(137)150 5340 y Fe(backward-word)j(\(M-b\))12
+26 b Fb(140)150 5340 y Fe(backward-word)j(\(M-b\))12
b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)26 b Fb(133)2025 4300
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)26 b Fb(136)2025 4294
y Fe(beginning-of-history)k(\(M-<\))11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(134)2025
-4389 y Fe(beginning-of-line)j(\(C-a\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(137)2025
+4383 y Fe(beginning-of-line)j(\(C-a\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34
-b Fb(133)2025 4477 y Fe(bracketed-paste-begin)c(\(\))16
+b Fb(136)2025 4471 y Fe(bracketed-paste-begin)c(\(\))16
b Fc(:)e(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)31 b Fb(136)2021 4769 y Fs(C)2025 4893 y Fe
+g(:)g(:)31 b Fb(139)2021 4768 y Fs(C)2025 4891 y Fe
(call-last-kbd-macro)f(\(C-x)c(e\))15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)30 b Fb(141)2025 4982
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)30 b Fb(144)2025 4981
y Fe(capitalize-word)f(\(M-c\))7 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22
-b Fb(137)2025 5072 y Fe(character-search)29 b(\(C-]\))22
+b Fb(140)2025 5071 y Fe(character-search)29 b(\(C-]\))22
b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(141)2025 5161 y Fe
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(144)2025 5161 y Fe
(character-search-backward)31 b(\(M-C-]\))10 b Fc(:)15
-b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)25 b Fb(141)2025 5250
+b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)25 b Fb(144)2025 5250
y Fe(clear-display)j(\(M-C-l\))7 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22
-b Fb(134)2025 5340 y Fe(clear-screen)28 b(\(C-l\))14
+b Fb(137)2025 5340 y Fe(clear-screen)28 b(\(C-l\))14
b Fc(:)h(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)29 b Fb(134)p eop
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)29 b Fb(137)p eop
end
-%%Page: 187 193
-TeXDict begin 187 192 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
-b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(187)150 264 y Fe(complete)27 b(\(TAB\))7
+%%Page: 190 196
+TeXDict begin 190 195 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(190)150 264 y Fe(complete)27 b(\(TAB\))7
b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)22
-b Fb(139)150 352 y Fe(complete-command)29 b(\(M-!\))23
+b Fb(142)150 352 y Fe(complete-command)29 b(\(M-!\))23
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(140)150 440 y Fe(complete-filename)29
+(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(143)150 440 y Fe(complete-filename)29
b(\(M-/\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(139)150 528 y Fe(complete-hostname)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(142)150 528 y Fe(complete-hostname)
c(\(M-@\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(140)150 616 y Fe
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(143)150 616 y Fe
(complete-into-braces)d(\(M-{\))11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(140)150 704
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(143)150 704
y Fe(complete-username)j(\(M-~\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33
-b Fb(140)150 792 y Fe(complete-variable)c(\(M-$\))20
+b Fb(143)150 792 y Fe(complete-variable)c(\(M-$\))20
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(140)150 880 y Fe(copy-backward-word)d(\(\))7
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(143)150 880 y Fe(copy-backward-word)d(\(\))7
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)21 b Fb(138)150 968 y Fe(copy-forward-word)
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)21 b Fb(141)150 968 y Fe(copy-forward-word)
29 b(\(\))9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(138)150
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(141)150
1056 y Fe(copy-region-as-kill)30 b(\(\))22 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(138)146 1320 y Fs(D)150 1438 y Fe(dabbrev-expand)29
+(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(141)146 1320 y Fs(D)150 1438 y Fe(dabbrev-expand)29
b(\(\))17 b Fc(:)c(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32
-b Fb(140)150 1527 y Fe(delete-char)c(\(C-d\))17 b Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
+b Fb(143)150 1527 y Fe(delete-char)c(\(C-d\))17 b Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(136)150 1615 y Fe(delete-char-or-list)e
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(139)150 1615 y Fe(delete-char-or-list)e
(\(\))22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(139)150 1703 y Fe
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(142)150 1703 y Fe
(delete-horizontal-space)31 b(\(\))11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(138)150
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(141)150
1791 y Fe(digit-argument)j(\()p Fd(M-0)p Fe(,)e Fd(M-1)p
Fe(,)f(...)g Fd(M--)p Fe(\))11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-26 b Fb(138)150 1879 y Fe(display-shell-version)k(\(C-x)d(C-v\))c
+26 b Fb(141)150 1879 y Fe(display-shell-version)k(\(C-x)d(C-v\))c
Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b
-Fb(143)150 1958 y Fe(do-lowercase-version)30 b(\(M-A,)227
+Fb(146)150 1958 y Fe(do-lowercase-version)30 b(\(M-A,)227
2046 y(M-B,)c(M-)p Fd(x)p Fe(,)h(...\))10 b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(141)150 2134 y Fe(downcase-word)k(\(M-l\))
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(144)150 2134 y Fe(downcase-word)k(\(M-l\))
12 b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)26 b Fb(137)150 2222
+(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)26 b Fb(140)150 2222
y Fe(dump-functions)j(\(\))17 b Fc(:)c(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-32 b Fb(142)150 2310 y Fe(dump-macros)c(\(\))7 b Fc(:)14
+32 b Fb(145)150 2310 y Fe(dump-macros)c(\(\))7 b Fc(:)14
b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)22
-b Fb(142)150 2398 y Fe(dump-variables)29 b(\(\))17 b
+b Fb(145)150 2398 y Fe(dump-variables)29 b(\(\))17 b
Fc(:)c(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(142)150
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(145)150
2485 y Fe(dynamic-complete-history)f(\(M-TAB\))13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)27 b Fb(140)146 2749 y Fs(E)150
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)27 b Fb(143)146 2749 y Fs(E)150
2868 y Fe(edit-and-execute-command)k(\(C-x)c(C-e\))14
-b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)29 b Fb(143)150 2956
+b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)29 b Fb(146)150 2956
y Fe(end-kbd-macro)g(\(C-x)d(\)\))13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)28
-b Fb(140)150 3044 y Fd(end-of-file)g Fe(\(usually)g(C-d\))21
+b Fb(143)150 3044 y Fd(end-of-file)g Fe(\(usually)g(C-d\))21
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
-(:)g(:)35 b Fb(136)150 3132 y Fe(end-of-history)29 b(\(M->\))9
+(:)g(:)35 b Fb(139)150 3132 y Fe(end-of-history)29 b(\(M->\))9
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(134)150 3220 y
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(137)150 3220 y
Fe(end-of-line)k(\(C-e\))17 b Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32
-b Fb(133)150 3308 y Fe(exchange-point-and-mark)f(\(C-x)26
+b Fb(136)150 3308 y Fe(exchange-point-and-mark)f(\(C-x)26
b(C-x\))17 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32
-b Fb(141)146 3571 y Fs(F)150 3690 y Fe(fetch-history)d(\(\))19
+b Fb(144)146 3571 y Fs(F)150 3690 y Fe(fetch-history)d(\(\))19
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(136)150
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(139)150
3778 y Fe(forward-backward-delete-char)e(\(\))15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(136)150 3867 y Fe(forward-char)e
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(139)150 3867 y Fe(forward-char)e
(\(C-f\))14 b Fc(:)h(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)29 b
-Fb(133)150 3955 y Fe(forward-search-history)i(\(C-s\))24
+Fb(136)150 3955 y Fe(forward-search-history)i(\(C-s\))24
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38
-b Fb(134)150 4042 y Fe(forward-word)28 b(\(M-f\))14 b
+b Fb(137)150 4042 y Fe(forward-word)28 b(\(M-f\))14 b
Fc(:)h(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)29 b Fb(133)146 4295
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)29 b Fb(136)146 4295
y Fs(G)150 4414 y Fe(glob-complete-word)h(\(M-g\))16
b Fc(:)e(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)31 b Fb(142)150 4502 y Fe(glob-expand-word)e(\(C-x)e(*\))c
+g(:)g(:)31 b Fb(145)150 4502 y Fe(glob-expand-word)e(\(C-x)e(*\))c
Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)38 b Fb(142)150 4590 y Fe(glob-list-expansions)30
+(:)g(:)g(:)38 b Fb(145)150 4590 y Fe(glob-list-expansions)30
b(\(C-x)d(g\))13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)27 b Fb(142)2021 294 y Fs(H)2025 422 y Fe
+(:)g(:)h(:)27 b Fb(145)2021 294 y Fs(H)2025 422 y Fe
(history-and-alias-expand-line)32 b(\(\))13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(143)2025 513 y Fe(history-expand-line)i
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(146)2025 513 y Fe(history-expand-line)i
(\(M-^\))13 b Fc(:)h(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)28 b Fb(143)2025 604 y Fe(history-search-backward)j
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)28 b Fb(146)2025 604 y Fe(history-search-backward)j
(\(\))11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(135)2025 695 y Fe(history-search-forward)k(\(\))13
+(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(138)2025 695 y Fe(history-search-forward)k(\(\))13
b Fc(:)h(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)28 b Fb(135)2025 786 y Fe(history-substring-search-backw)q(ard)k
-(\(\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35 b Fb(135)2025 874
+h(:)28 b Fb(138)2025 786 y Fe(history-substring-search-backw)q(ard)k
+(\(\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35 b Fb(138)2025 874
y Fe(history-substring-search-forwa)q(rd)d(\(\))22 b
-Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(135)2021 1200 y Fs(I)2025
+Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(138)2021 1200 y Fs(I)2025
1329 y Fe(insert-comment)29 b(\(M-#\))9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-24 b Fb(142)2025 1420 y Fe(insert-completions)29 b(\(M-*\))16
+24 b Fb(145)2025 1420 y Fe(insert-completions)29 b(\(M-*\))16
b Fc(:)f(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)31 b Fb(139)2025 1507 y Fe(insert-last-argument)f(\(M-.)c(or)g
+g(:)g(:)31 b Fb(142)2025 1507 y Fe(insert-last-argument)f(\(M-.)c(or)g
(M-_\))7 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22
-b Fb(143)2021 1834 y Fs(K)2025 1962 y Fe(kill-line)27
+b Fb(146)2021 1834 y Fs(K)2025 1962 y Fe(kill-line)27
b(\(C-k\))c Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37
-b Fb(137)2025 2053 y Fe(kill-region)28 b(\(\))7 b Fc(:)14
+b Fb(140)2025 2053 y Fe(kill-region)28 b(\(\))7 b Fc(:)14
b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)22
-b Fb(138)2025 2144 y Fe(kill-whole-line)29 b(\(\))14
+b Fb(141)2025 2144 y Fe(kill-whole-line)29 b(\(\))14
b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)29 b Fb(137)2025
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)29 b Fb(140)2025
2231 y Fe(kill-word)e(\(M-d\))c Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(137)2021 2548 y Fs(M)2025 2676 y
+g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(140)2021 2548 y Fs(M)2025 2676 y
Fe(magic-space)28 b(\(\))7 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)22 b Fb(143)2025 2767 y Fe(menu-complete)28
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)22 b Fb(146)2025 2767 y Fe(menu-complete)28
b(\(\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)34
-b Fb(139)2025 2854 y Fe(menu-complete-backward)c(\(\))13
+b Fb(142)2025 2854 y Fe(menu-complete-backward)c(\(\))13
b Fc(:)h(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)28 b Fb(139)2021 3181 y Fs(N)2025 3309 y Fe(next-history)g(\(C-n\))
+h(:)28 b Fb(142)2021 3181 y Fs(N)2025 3309 y Fe(next-history)g(\(C-n\))
14 b Fc(:)h(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)29 b Fb(134)2025
+(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)29 b Fb(137)2025
3401 y Fe(next-screen-line)g(\(\))12 b Fc(:)h(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-27 b Fb(134)2025 3472 y Fe(non-incremental-forward-)2102
+27 b Fb(137)2025 3472 y Fe(non-incremental-forward-)2102
3560 y(search-history)h(\(M-n\))23 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37
-b Fb(135)2025 3647 y Fe(non-incremental-reverse-)2102
+b Fb(138)2025 3647 y Fe(non-incremental-reverse-)2102
3734 y(search-history)28 b(\(M-p\))23 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37
-b Fb(134)2021 4070 y Fs(O)2025 4198 y Fe(operate-and-get-next)30
+b Fb(137)2021 4070 y Fs(O)2025 4198 y Fe(operate-and-get-next)30
b(\(C-o\))11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(135)2025 4285 y Fe(overwrite-mode)j(\(\))17
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(138)2025 4285 y Fe(overwrite-mode)j(\(\))17
b Fc(:)c(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(137)p
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(140)p
eop end
-%%Page: 188 194
-TeXDict begin 188 193 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
-b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(188)146 294 y Fs(P)150 411 y Fe
+%%Page: 191 197
+TeXDict begin 191 196 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(191)146 294 y Fs(P)150 411 y Fe
(possible-command-completions)32 b(\(C-x)26 b(!\))9 b
-Fc(:)14 b(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(140)150 499 y Fe
+Fc(:)14 b(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(143)150 499 y Fe
(possible-completions)30 b(\(M-?\))11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(139)150
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(142)150
586 y Fe(possible-filename-completions)32 b(\(C-x)27
-b(/\))7 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(140)150 674
+b(/\))7 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(143)150 674
y Fe(possible-hostname-completions)32 b(\(C-x)27 b(@\))7
-b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(140)150 762 y Fe
+b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(143)150 762 y Fe
(possible-username-completions)32 b(\(C-x)27 b(~\))7
-b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(140)150 849 y Fe
+b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(143)150 849 y Fe
(possible-variable-completions)32 b(\(C-x)27 b($\))7
-b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(140)150 937 y Fe(prefix-meta)28
+b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(143)150 937 y Fe(prefix-meta)28
b(\(ESC\))17 b Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32
-b Fb(141)150 1025 y Fe(previous-history)d(\(C-p\))23
+b Fb(144)150 1025 y Fe(previous-history)d(\(C-p\))23
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(134)150 1112 y Fe(previous-screen-line)30
+(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(137)150 1112 y Fe(previous-screen-line)30
b(\(\))19 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(133)150 1200 y Fe
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(136)150 1200 y Fe
(print-last-kbd-macro)d(\(\))19 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(141)146
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(144)146
1454 y Fs(Q)150 1571 y Fe(quoted-insert)c(\(C-q)d(or)g(C-v\))8
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)22 b Fb(136)146 1825 y Fs(R)150 1943 y Fe(re-read-init-file)29
+(:)g(:)22 b Fb(139)146 1825 y Fs(R)150 1943 y Fe(re-read-init-file)29
b(\(C-x)e(C-r\))15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(141)150 2030 y Fe(redraw-current-line)g(\(\))22
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(144)150 2030 y Fe(redraw-current-line)g(\(\))22
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(134)150 2118 y Fe(reverse-search-history)31
+(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(137)150 2118 y Fe(reverse-search-history)31
b(\(C-r\))24 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)38 b Fb(134)150 2205 y Fe(revert-line)28 b(\(M-r\))17
+g(:)38 b Fb(137)150 2205 y Fe(revert-line)28 b(\(M-r\))17
b Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(141)146
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(144)146
2449 y Fs(S)150 2567 y Fe(self-insert)c(\(a,)e(b,)g(A,)g(1,)h(!,)f
(...\))13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)27
-b Fb(136)150 2654 y Fe(set-mark)g(\(C-@\))7 b Fc(:)15
+b Fb(139)150 2654 y Fe(set-mark)g(\(C-@\))7 b Fc(:)15
b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)22
-b Fb(141)150 2742 y Fe(shell-backward-kill-word)31 b(\(\))8
+b Fb(144)150 2742 y Fe(shell-backward-kill-word)31 b(\(\))8
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-23 b Fb(138)150 2830 y Fe(shell-backward-word)30 b(\(M-C-b\))8
+23 b Fb(141)150 2830 y Fe(shell-backward-word)30 b(\(M-C-b\))8
b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-23 b Fb(133)150 2917 y Fe(shell-expand-line)29 b(\(M-C-e\))13
+23 b Fb(136)150 2917 y Fe(shell-expand-line)29 b(\(M-C-e\))13
b Fc(:)j(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)28 b Fb(143)150 3005 y Fe(shell-forward-word)i(\(M-C-f\))11
+g(:)28 b Fb(146)150 3005 y Fe(shell-forward-word)i(\(M-C-f\))11
b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-26 b Fb(133)150 3093 y Fe(shell-kill-word)j(\(M-C-d\))20
+26 b Fb(136)150 3093 y Fe(shell-kill-word)j(\(M-C-d\))20
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(138)150 3180 y Fe(shell-transpose-words)d
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(141)150 3180 y Fe(shell-transpose-words)d
(\(M-C-t\))22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)35 b Fb(138)2025 264 y Fe(skip-csi-sequence)29 b(\(\))9
+(:)35 b Fb(141)2025 264 y Fe(skip-csi-sequence)29 b(\(\))9
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)24 b Fb(141)2025 361 y
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)24 b Fb(144)2025 361 y
Fe(spell-correct-word)29 b(\(C-x)e(s\))18 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)33 b Fb(142)2025
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)33 b Fb(145)2025
448 y Fe(start-kbd-macro)c(\(C-x)d(\(\))8 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)23
-b Fb(140)2021 891 y Fs(T)2025 1038 y Fe(tilde-expand)28
+b Fb(143)2021 891 y Fs(T)2025 1038 y Fe(tilde-expand)28
b(\(M-&\))14 b Fc(:)h(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)29
-b Fb(141)2025 1135 y Fe(transpose-chars)g(\(C-t\))7 b
+b Fb(144)2025 1135 y Fe(transpose-chars)g(\(C-t\))7 b
Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(136)2025 1222 y Fe(transpose-words)
+(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(139)2025 1222 y Fe(transpose-words)
29 b(\(M-t\))7 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(137)2021
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(140)2021
1676 y Fs(U)2025 1823 y Fe(undo)k(\(C-_)h(or)f(C-x)g(C-u\))10
b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(141)2025 1920 y Fe
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(144)2025 1920 y Fe
(universal-argument)k(\(\))7 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22
-b Fb(139)2025 2017 y Fe(unix-filename-rubout)30 b(\(\))19
+b Fb(142)2025 2017 y Fe(unix-filename-rubout)30 b(\(\))19
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(138)2025 2114 y Fe(unix-line-discard)29
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(141)2025 2114 y Fe(unix-line-discard)29
b(\(C-u\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(137)2025 2211 y Fe
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(140)2025 2211 y Fe
(unix-word-rubout)29 b(\(C-w\))22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)36
-b Fb(138)2025 2298 y Fe(upcase-word)28 b(\(M-u\))17 b
+b Fb(141)2025 2298 y Fe(upcase-word)28 b(\(M-u\))17 b
Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(137)2021
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(140)2021
2752 y Fs(Y)2025 2899 y Fe(yank)26 b(\(C-y\))18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)33
-b Fb(138)2025 2996 y Fe(yank-last-arg)28 b(\(M-.)f(or)f(M-_\))8
+b Fb(141)2025 2996 y Fe(yank-last-arg)28 b(\(M-.)f(or)f(M-_\))8
b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)22 b Fb(135)2025 3093 y Fe(yank-nth-arg)28 b(\(M-C-y\))9
+(:)h(:)22 b Fb(138)2025 3093 y Fe(yank-nth-arg)28 b(\(M-C-y\))9
b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)24 b Fb(135)2025 3180
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)24 b Fb(138)2025 3180
y Fe(yank-pop)j(\(M-y\))7 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)22 b Fb(138)150 3929 y Fs(D.5)68 b(Concept)45
-b(Index)146 4523 y(A)150 4648 y Fb(alias)27 b(expansion)22
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)22 b Fb(141)150 3929 y Fs(D.5)68 b(Concept)45
+b(Index)146 4523 y(A)150 4645 y Fb(alias)27 b(expansion)22
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37
-b Fb(100)150 4738 y(arithmetic)26 b(ev)l(aluation)d Fc(:)13
+b Fb(101)150 4735 y(arithmetic)26 b(ev)l(aluation)d Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(98)150 4828 y(arithmetic)26
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(99)150 4824 y(arithmetic)26
b(expansion)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26
-b Fb(34)150 4919 y(arithmetic,)h(shell)6 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)20 b Fb(98)150 5006
-y(arra)n(ys)f Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(100)2021
-4523 y Fs(B)2025 4646 y Fb(bac)n(kground)13 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(113)2025
-4735 y(Bash)e(con\014guration)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(158)2025 4825 y(Bash)g(installation)9
-b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24
-b Fb(158)2025 4914 y(Bourne)i(shell)20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35 b
-Fb(5)2025 5004 y(brace)26 b(expansion)9 b Fc(:)k(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(24)2025 5091 y(builtin)15
-b Fc(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(3)p eop end
-%%Page: 189 195
-TeXDict begin 189 194 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
-b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(189)146 294 y Fs(C)150 415 y Fb(command)26
+b Fb(34)150 4914 y(arithmetic)g(op)r(erators)c Fc(:)13
+b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(99)150 5003
+y(arithmetic,)27 b(shell)6 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)20 b Fb(99)150 5090 y(arra)n(ys)f
+Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(101)2021 4523 y Fs(B)2025
+4641 y Fb(bac)n(kground)13 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(116)2025 4729 y(Bash)e
+(con\014guration)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26
+b Fb(161)2025 4817 y(Bash)g(installation)9 b Fc(:)15
+b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(161)2025
+4905 y(binary)h(arithmetic)h(op)r(erators)20 b Fc(:)13
+b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
+(:)g(:)33 b Fb(99)2025 4993 y(bit)n(wise)26 b(arithmetic)h(op)r
+(erators)10 b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)24 b Fb(99)2025 5081 y(Bourne)i(shell)20
+b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)35 b Fb(5)2025 5169 y(brace)26 b(expansion)9
+b Fc(:)k(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24
+b Fb(24)2025 5256 y(builtin)15 b Fc(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30
+b Fb(3)p eop end
+%%Page: 192 198
+TeXDict begin 192 197 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(192)146 294 y Fs(C)150 413 y Fb(command)26
b(editing)19 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34
-b Fb(118)150 503 y(command)26 b(execution)12 b Fc(:)h(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(121)150 501 y(command)26 b(execution)12 b Fc(:)h(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(42)150 592 y(command)g(expansion)c
+g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(42)150 590 y(command)g(expansion)c
Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)36 b Fb(42)150
-681 y(command)26 b(history)18 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+678 y(command)26 b(history)18 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)33 b Fb(152)150 770 y(command)26 b(searc)n(h)16
+g(:)g(:)g(:)33 b Fb(155)150 766 y(command)26 b(searc)n(h)16
b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)30
-b Fb(42)150 859 y(command)c(substitution)21 b Fc(:)13
+b Fb(42)150 855 y(command)c(substitution)21 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(34)150 947 y(command)26
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(34)150 943 y(command)26
b(timing)11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)25
-b Fb(10)150 1036 y(commands,)h(comp)r(ound)c Fc(:)13
+b Fb(10)150 1031 y(commands,)h(comp)r(ound)c Fc(:)13
b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(11)150 1125 y(commands,)26
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(11)150 1120 y(commands,)26
b(conditional)10 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)25
-b Fb(12)150 1214 y(commands,)h(grouping)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(12)150 1208 y(commands,)h(grouping)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)29 b Fb(17)150 1302 y(commands,)d(lists)10
+g(:)g(:)g(:)29 b Fb(17)150 1296 y(commands,)d(lists)10
b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)24
-b Fb(10)150 1391 y(commands,)i(lo)r(oping)e Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
+b Fb(10)150 1385 y(commands,)i(lo)r(oping)e Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(11)150 1480 y(commands,)26
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(11)150 1473 y(commands,)26
b(pip)r(elines)16 b Fc(:)e(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)30
-b Fb(10)150 1569 y(commands,)c(shell)c Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
+b Fb(10)150 1561 y(commands,)c(shell)c Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(9)150 1657 y(commands,)26
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(9)150 1649 y(commands,)26
b(simple)e Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38
-b Fb(9)150 1746 y(commen)n(ts,)26 b(shell)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(9)150 1738 y(commen)n(ts,)26 b(shell)13 b Fc(:)i(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)28 b Fb(9)150
-1835 y(Compatibilit)n(y)f(Lev)n(el)10 b Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
+1826 y(Compatibilit)n(y)f(Lev)n(el)10 b Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(110)150 1924 y(Compatibilit)n(y)i(Mo)r(de)22
+g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(112)150 1914 y(Compatibilit)n(y)i(Mo)r(de)22
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(110)150
-2013 y(completion)27 b(builtins)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(112)150
+2003 y(completion)27 b(builtins)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(146)150 2101 y(con\014guration)22 b Fc(:)13
-b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36
-b Fb(158)150 2190 y(con)n(trol)26 b(op)r(erator)8 b Fc(:)15
+g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(149)150 2091 y(conditional)27 b(arithmetic)f(op)r
+(erator)7 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)21 b Fb(99)150 2179 y(con\014guration)h
+Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36
+b Fb(161)150 2268 y(con)n(trol)26 b(op)r(erator)8 b Fc(:)15
b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)23
-b Fb(3)150 2277 y(copro)r(cess)18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(3)150 2355 y(copro)r(cess)18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b
-Fb(18)146 2553 y Fs(D)150 2672 y Fb(directory)26 b(stac)n(k)9
+Fb(18)146 2621 y Fs(D)150 2739 y Fb(directory)26 b(stac)n(k)9
b Fc(:)k(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24
-b Fb(102)146 2948 y Fs(E)150 3069 y Fb(editing)i(command)g(lines)17
+b Fb(103)146 3005 y Fs(E)150 3124 y Fb(editing)i(command)g(lines)17
b Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(118)150 3158 y(en)n(vironmen)n(t)18
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(121)150 3213 y(en)n(vironmen)n(t)18
b Fc(:)12 b(:)h(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)32 b Fb(44)150 3247 y(ev)l(aluation,)26 b(arithmetic)12
+f(:)32 b Fb(44)150 3301 y(ev)l(aluation,)26 b(arithmetic)12
b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(98)150 3335
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(99)150 3389
y(ev)n(en)n(t)f(designators)c Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)34 b Fb(155)150 3424 y(execution)26 b(en)n(vironmen)n(t)17
+g(:)h(:)34 b Fb(158)150 3478 y(execution)26 b(en)n(vironmen)n(t)17
b Fc(:)12 b(:)h(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)31 b Fb(43)150 3513
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)31 b Fb(43)150 3566
y(exit)25 b(status)7 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(3,)k(44)150 3602 y(expansion)9
+(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(3,)k(45)150 3654 y(expansion)9
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(24)150 3691 y(expansion,)i(arithmetic)18
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(24)150 3743 y(expansion,)i(arithmetic)18
b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)32 b Fb(34)150 3779
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)32 b Fb(34)150 3831
y(expansion,)26 b(brace)16 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(24)150 3868 y(expansion,)c(\014lename)18
+f(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(24)150 3919 y(expansion,)c(\014lename)18
b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)32 b Fb(35)150
-3957 y(expansion,)26 b(parameter)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)32 b Fb(36)150
+4008 y(expansion,)26 b(parameter)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)34 b Fb(26)150 4046 y(expansion,)26 b(pathname)7
+g(:)34 b Fb(26)150 4096 y(expansion,)26 b(pathname)7
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(35)150
-4134 y(expansion,)k(tilde)14 b Fc(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(36)150
+4184 y(expansion,)k(tilde)14 b Fc(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(25)150 4223 y(expressions,)f(arithmetic)13
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(25)150 4272 y(expressions,)f(arithmetic)13
b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)27 b Fb(98)150 4310 y(expressions,)g
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)27 b Fb(99)150 4360 y(expressions,)g
(conditional)17 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(96)2021
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(97)2021
294 y Fs(F)2025 414 y Fb(\014eld)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)36
b Fb(3)2025 591 y(\014lename)26 b(expansion)11 b Fc(:)i(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(35)2025 680 y(foreground)9
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(36)2025 680 y(foreground)9
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)24 b Fb(113)2025 767 y(functions,)i(shell)9 b
+h(:)f(:)24 b Fb(116)2025 767 y(functions,)i(shell)9 b
Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24
b Fb(19)2021 1038 y Fs(H)2025 1158 y Fb(history)h(builtins)20
b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)35
-b Fb(152)2025 1247 y(history)25 b(ev)n(en)n(ts)8 b Fc(:)13
+b Fb(155)2025 1247 y(history)25 b(ev)n(en)n(ts)8 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)23
-b Fb(155)2025 1335 y(history)i(expansion)14 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
+b Fb(158)2025 1335 y(history)i(expansion)14 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)29 b Fb(154)2025 1424 y(history)c(list)9
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)29 b Fb(157)2025 1424 y(history)c(list)9
b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(152)2025 1511 y(History)-6 b(,)25 b(ho)n(w)h(to)g(use)
+g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(155)2025 1511 y(History)-6 b(,)25 b(ho)n(w)h(to)g(use)
19 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(151)2021
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(154)2021
1782 y Fs(I)2025 1903 y Fb(iden)n(ti\014er)12 b Fc(:)g(:)h(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)27
b Fb(3)2025 1991 y(initialization)h(\014le,)e(readline)17
b Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(120)2025 2080 y(installation)21
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(123)2025 2080 y(installation)21
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)34 b Fb(158)2025 2168 y(in)n(teraction,)26 b(readline)7
+g(:)34 b Fb(161)2025 2168 y(in)n(teraction,)26 b(readline)7
b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)22 b Fb(117)2025
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)22 b Fb(120)2025
2257 y(in)n(teractiv)n(e)k(shell)20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)34 b Fb(93,)27 b(94)2025 2346 y(in)n(ternationalization)22
+h(:)f(:)g(:)34 b Fb(94,)27 b(95)2025 2346 y(in)n(ternationalization)22
b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)35
b Fb(7)2025 2433 y(in)n(ternationalized)27 b(scripts)13
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)38 b Fb(3)2025 2911 y(job)26 b(con)n(trol)17 b Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)31 b Fb(3,)c(113)2021
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)31 b Fb(3,)c(116)2021
3183 y Fs(K)2025 3303 y Fb(kill)f(ring)7 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)22
-b Fb(119)2025 3390 y(killing)k(text)6 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+b Fb(122)2025 3390 y(killing)k(text)6 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)21 b
-Fb(119)2021 3661 y Fs(L)2025 3782 y Fb(lo)r(calization)i
+Fb(122)2021 3661 y Fs(L)2025 3782 y Fb(lo)r(calization)i
Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)35 b Fb(7)2025 3869 y(login)26 b(shell)6
b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(93)2021 4140 y Fs(M)2025 4260
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(94)2021 4140 y Fs(M)2025 4260
y Fb(matc)n(hing,)26 b(pattern)9 b Fc(:)k(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(36)2025 4347 y(metac)n(haracter)7
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)22 b Fb(3)p eop end
-%%Page: 190 196
-TeXDict begin 190 195 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
-b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(190)146 294 y Fs(N)150 410 y Fb(name)19
+%%Page: 193 199
+TeXDict begin 193 198 bop 150 -116 a Fu(App)s(endix)29
+b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(193)146 294 y Fs(N)150 410 y Fb(name)19
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(3)150 497
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(7)150 584 y(notation,)27
b(readline)13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)27
-b Fb(118)146 826 y Fs(O)150 942 y Fb(op)r(erator,)g(shell)c
+b Fb(121)146 827 y Fs(O)150 943 y Fb(op)r(erator,)g(shell)c
Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-37 b Fb(3)146 1184 y Fs(P)150 1300 y Fb(parameter)26
+37 b Fb(3)146 1186 y Fs(P)150 1302 y Fb(parameter)26
b(expansion)13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)28
-b Fb(26)150 1388 y(parameters)c Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(26)150 1389 y(parameters)c Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)37 b Fb(21)150
-1475 y(parameters,)27 b(p)r(ositional)7 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+1476 y(parameters,)27 b(p)r(ositional)7 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)21 b Fb(23)150 1562 y(parameters,)27 b(sp)r(ecial)7
+f(:)g(:)21 b Fb(23)150 1563 y(parameters,)27 b(sp)r(ecial)7
b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)21
-b Fb(23)150 1649 y(pathname)k(expansion)18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(23)150 1650 y(pathname)k(expansion)18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)32 b Fb(35)150 1736 y(pattern)25 b(matc)n(hing)c
+h(:)f(:)g(:)32 b Fb(36)150 1738 y(pattern)25 b(matc)n(hing)c
Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)34
-b Fb(36)150 1824 y(pip)r(eline)10 b Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(36)150 1825 y(pip)r(eline)10 b Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24
-b Fb(10)150 1911 y(POSIX)e Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+b Fb(10)150 1912 y(POSIX)e Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38
-b Fb(3)150 1998 y(POSIX)25 b(Mo)r(de)14 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)29 b Fb(106)150 2085
-y(pro)r(cess)e(group)15 b Fc(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
+b Fb(3)150 1999 y(POSIX)25 b(description)10 b Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)30 b Fb(3)150 2172 y(pro)r(cess)d(group)e
-(ID)11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26
-b Fb(3)150 2259 y(pro)r(cess)h(substitution)11 b Fc(:)h(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(107)150 2086 y(POSIX)g(Mo)r(de)14
+b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)29
+b Fb(108)150 2174 y(pro)r(cess)e(group)15 b Fc(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(34)150 2347 y(programmable)i(completion)8
-b Fc(:)14 b(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)23 b Fb(143)150 2434 y(prompting)15
-b Fc(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)30 b Fb(104)146 2676 y Fs(Q)150 2792 y Fb(quoting)16
-b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)31 b Fb(6)150 2879 y(quoting,)26
-b(ANSI)18 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)34 b Fb(6)146 3121 y Fs(R)150 3237 y Fb(Readline,)26
-b(ho)n(w)g(to)g(use)11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26
-b Fb(116)150 3325 y(redirection)13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)27 b Fb(38)150
-3412 y(reserv)n(ed)f(w)n(ord)13 b Fc(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)28 b Fb(3)150 3499
-y(reserv)n(ed)e(w)n(ords)15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)30 b Fb(9)150 3586 y(restricted)c(shell)12
-b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)27
-b Fb(105)150 3673 y(return)e(status)10 b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)30 b Fb(3)150
+2261 y(pro)r(cess)d(group)e(ID)11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(3)150 2348 y(pro)r(cess)h(substitution)
+11 b Fc(:)h(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(35)150
+2435 y(programmable)i(completion)8 b Fc(:)14 b(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)23
+b Fb(146)150 2522 y(prompting)15 b Fc(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(105)146
+2765 y Fs(Q)150 2881 y Fb(quoting)16 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)31
+b Fb(6)150 2968 y(quoting,)26 b(ANSI)18 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(4)2021
-294 y Fs(S)2025 427 y Fb(shell)h(arithmetic)17 b Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)31 b Fb(98)2025 520
-y(shell)26 b(function)18 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)32 b Fb(19)2025 613 y(shell)26
-b(script)10 b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(46)2025 706 y(shell)h(v)l(ariable)7
-b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)22 b Fb(21)2025 798 y(shell,)k(in)n(teractiv)n(e)21
-b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)34
-b Fb(94)2025 891 y(signal)13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)34 b Fb(6)146
+3211 y Fs(R)150 3327 y Fb(Readline,)26 b(ho)n(w)g(to)g(use)11
+b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(119)150 3414
+y(redirection)13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)28
-b Fb(4)2025 984 y(signal)f(handling)6 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)27 b Fb(38)150 3501 y(reserv)n(ed)f(w)n
+(ord)13 b Fc(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)h(:)f(:)28 b Fb(3)150 3589 y(reserv)n(ed)e(w)n(ords)15
+b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)30
+b Fb(9)150 3676 y(restricted)c(shell)12 b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)27 b Fb(107)150 3763 y(return)e(status)
+10 b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
+(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(4)2021 294 y Fs(S)2025 418 y Fb(shell)h(arithmetic)17
+b Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)31
+b Fb(99)2025 508 y(shell)26 b(function)18 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21 b Fb(45)2025 1077
-y(sp)r(ecial)27 b(builtin)16 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)31 b Fb(4,)26 b(77)2025 1170 y(startup)f(\014les)10
-b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)25 b Fb(93)2025 1262 y(string)h(translations)8
-b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)23
-b Fb(7)2025 1350 y(susp)r(ending)i(jobs)10 b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)32 b Fb(19)2025
+597 y(shell)26 b(script)10 b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(113)2021 1710 y Fs(T)2025
-1843 y Fb(tilde)h(expansion)7 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(46)2025 687
+y(shell)h(v)l(ariable)7 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(21)2025 777 y(shell,)k(in)n
+(teractiv)n(e)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)h(:)34 b Fb(95)2025 867 y(signal)13 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)28 b Fb(4)2025 956 y(signal)f(handling)6 b Fc(:)13
+b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)21
+b Fb(45)2025 1046 y(sp)r(ecial)27 b(builtin)16 b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(25)2025 1936 y(tok)n(en)17
-b Fc(:)12 b(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)31 b Fb(4,)26 b(78)2025
+1136 y(startup)f(\014les)10 b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(94)2025 1226
+y(string)h(translations)8 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)32 b Fb(4)2025 2023
-y(translation,)27 b(nativ)n(e)e(languages)c Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34
-b Fb(7)2021 2384 y Fs(V)2025 2517 y Fb(v)l(ariable,)26
-b(shell)14 b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(21)2025 2604 y(v)l(ariables,)f(readline)7
-b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)22
-b Fb(121)2021 2965 y Fs(W)2025 3098 y Fb(w)n(ord)10 b
-Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)23 b Fb(7)2025 1313 y(susp)r(ending)i(jobs)10
+b Fc(:)k(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)25
+b Fb(116)2021 1610 y Fs(T)2025 1734 y Fb(tilde)h(expansion)7
+b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22
+b Fb(25)2025 1823 y(tok)n(en)17 b Fc(:)12 b(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
+f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)32
+b Fb(4)2025 1911 y(translation,)27 b(nativ)n(e)e(languages)c
+Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(7)2021 2207 y Fs(U)2025 2329 y
+Fb(unary)25 b(arithmetic)h(op)r(erators)12 b Fc(:)j(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)27
+b Fb(99)2021 2626 y Fs(V)2025 2750 y Fb(v)l(ariable,)f(shell)14
+b Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)28
+b Fb(21)2025 2837 y(v)l(ariables,)f(readline)7 b Fc(:)13
+b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(124)2021
+3134 y Fs(W)2025 3258 y Fb(w)n(ord)10 b Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
+(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+(:)g(:)25 b Fb(4)2025 3345 y(w)n(ord)h(splitting)9 b
+Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(4)2025 3185
-y(w)n(ord)h(splitting)9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(35)2021 3545 y Fs(Y)2025
-3673 y Fb(y)n(anking)h(text)13 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(119)p eop end
+24 b Fb(35)2021 3642 y Fs(Y)2025 3763 y Fb(y)n(anking)h(text)13
+b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)28
+b Fb(122)p eop end
%%Trailer
userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if
%!PS-Adobe-3.0
%%Creator: groff version 1.22.4
-%%CreationDate: Fri Dec 2 17:01:16 2022
+%%CreationDate: Tue Apr 18 10:26:00 2023
%%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman
%%+ font Times-Bold
%%+ font Times-Italic
(re)144 726 S(adline).18 E F0 1.471(initialization \214le such as)3.971
F F3(.inputr)4.201 E(c)-.37 E F0 3.971(,b).31 G 1.472
(ut each binding or command must be passed as a)-4.171 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72
-768 Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(1)190.545 E 0 Cg EP
+768 Q(2023 January 27)141.79 E(1)195.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 2 2
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
(alue is 0 unless the shell is not e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .52
(cuting a subroutine call or).15 F F2 -.2(ex)3.02 G(pr).2 E F0 .52
(does not corre-)3.02 F(spond to a v)144 715.2 Q
-(alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)
-136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(2)190.545 E 0 Cg EP
+(alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
+(2023 January 27)141.79 E(2)195.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 3 3
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(cd)108 84 Q F0([)2.5
-E F1<ad4c>A F0(|[)A F1<ad50>A F0([)2.5 E F1<ad65>A F0(]] [\255@]] [)A/F2
+E F1<ad4c>A F0(|[)A F1<ad50>A F0([)2.5 E F1<ad65>A F0(]]] [\255@] [)A/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(dir)A F0(])A .322(Change the current directory to)
144 96 R F2(dir)2.822 E F0 5.322(.i)C(f)-5.322 E F2(dir)2.822 E F0 .321
(is not supplied, the v)2.822 F .321(alue of the)-.25 F/F3 9
(xit status is 127.)-.15 F 1.599(Otherwise, the e)6.599 F 1.599
(xit status of the)-.15 F F1(command)4.099 E F0 -.2(bu)144 436.8 S
(iltin is the e).2 E(xit status of)-.15 E F2(command)2.7 E F0(.).77 E F1
-(compgen)108 453.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(wor)-2.5 E(d)
--.37 E F0(])A .013(Generate possible completion matches for)144 465.6 R
-F2(wor)2.513 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F2(option)2.513
-E F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.512(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.512 E .981
-(accepted by the)144 477.6 R F1(complete)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981
-(iltin with the e).2 F .981(xception of)-.15 F F1<ad70>3.481 E F0(and)
-3.481 E F1<ad72>3.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .982(nd write the matches to the)
--3.481 F .131(standard output.)144 489.6 R .131(When using the)5.131 F
-F1<ad46>2.631 E F0(or)2.631 E F1<ad43>2.631 E F0 .131(options, the v)
-2.631 F .13(arious shell v)-.25 F .13(ariables set by the program-)-.25
-F(mable completion f)144 501.6 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable, will not ha).25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(seful v).15 E(alues.)-.25
-E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 525.6 R .352
+(compgen)108 453.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad56>A F2(varname)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
+F2(option)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(wor)-2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(])A .013
+(Generate possible completion matches for)144 465.6 R F2(wor)2.513 E(d)
+-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F2(option)2.513 E F0 .013
+(s, which may be an)B 2.512(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.512 E 1.216
+(accepted by the)144 477.6 R F1(complete)3.716 E F0 -.2(bu)3.716 G 1.216
+(iltin with the e).2 F 1.216(xceptions of)-.15 F F1<ad70>3.716 E F0(,)A
+F1<ad72>3.717 E F0(,)A F1<ad44>3.717 E F0(,)A F1<ad45>3.717 E F0 3.717
+(,a)C(nd)-3.717 E F1<ad49>3.717 E F0 3.717(,a)C 1.217(nd write the)
+-3.717 F .505(matches to the standard output.)144 489.6 R .505(If the)
+5.505 F F1<ad56>3.005 E F0 .505(option is supplied,)3.005 F F1(compgen)
+3.004 E F0 .504(stores the generated com-)3.004 F 1.086
+(pletions into the inde)144 501.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.586(da).15 G 1.086
+(rray v)-3.586 F(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname)3.586 E F0 1.087
+(instead of writing them to the standard output.)3.586 F .195
+(When using the)144 513.6 R F1<ad46>2.695 E F0(or)2.695 E F1<ad43>2.695
+E F0 .195(options, the v)2.695 F .195(arious shell v)-.25 F .194
+(ariables set by the programmable completion)-.25 F -.1(fa)144 525.6 S
+(cilities, while a).1 E -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable, will not ha).25 E .3 -.15
+(ve u)-.2 H(seful v).15 E(alues.)-.25 E .352
+(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 549.6 R .352
(ay as if the programmable completion code had gen-)-.1 F .02(erated th\
em directly from a completion speci\214cation with the same \215ags.)144
-537.6 R(If)5.02 E F2(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only)
-2.52 F(those completions matching)144 549.6 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0
-(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 573.6 Q
+561.6 R(If)5.02 E F2(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only)
+2.52 F(those completions matching)144 573.6 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0
+(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 597.6 Q
(alue is true unless an in)-.25 E -.25(va)-.4 G
(lid option is supplied, or no matches were generated.).25 E F1
-(complete)108 590.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 2.5(][)C F1
+(complete)108 614.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 2.5(][)C F1
<ad6f>-2.5 E F2(comp-option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255DEI)-2.5 E F0 2.5
-(][)C F1<ad41>-2.5 E F2(action)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad47>-2.5 E F2
+(][)C F1<ad41>-2.5 E F2(action)2.5 E F0(])A([)144 626.4 Q F1<ad47>A F2
(globpat)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad57>-2.5 E F2(wor)2.5 E(dlist)-.37 E F0
-(])A([)144 602.4 Q F1<ad46>A F2(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5
-E F2(command)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad58>-2.5 E F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0
+2.5(][)C F1<ad46>-2.5 E F2(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2
+(command)2.5 E F0(])A([)144 638.4 Q F1<ad58>A F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0
2.5(][)C F1<ad50>-2.5 E F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>
-2.5 E F2(suf)2.5 E<8c78>-.18 E F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2
-(name ...)A F0(])A F1(complete \255pr)108 614.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255DEI)
-A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .633(Specify ho)144 626.4 R
+(name ...)A F0(])A F1(complete \255pr)108 650.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255DEI)
+A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .633(Specify ho)144 662.4 R
3.133(wa)-.25 G -.18(rg)-3.133 G .633(uments to each).18 F F2(name)3.133
E F0 .633(should be completed.)3.133 F .634(If the)5.634 F F1<ad70>3.134
E F0 .634(option is supplied, or if no)3.134 F .14
-(options are supplied, e)144 638.4 R .139
+(options are supplied, e)144 674.4 R .139
(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w)-.15 F .139
(ay that allo)-.1 F .139(ws them to be)-.25 F .31(reused as input.)144
-6
50.4 R(The)5.31 E F1<ad72>2.81 E F0 .31(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve)-.15
+6
86.4 R(The)5.31 E F1<ad72>2.81 E F0 .31(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve)-.15
G 2.81(sac).15 G .31(ompletion speci\214cation for each)-2.81 F F2(name)
2.81 E F0 2.81(,o)C 1.11 -.4(r, i)-2.81 H 2.81(fn).4 G(o)-2.81 E F2
(name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.208
-(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 662.4 R(The)6.208 E
+(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 698.4 R(The)6.208 E
F1<ad44>3.708 E F0 1.207(option indicates that other supplied options)
-3.707 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 674.4 R(`def)-.74 E
+3.707 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 710.4 R(`def)-.74 E
(ault')-.1 E 3('c)-.74 G .5
(ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on)-3 F 3.455(ac)144
-686.4 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955
+722.4 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955
(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.955 E F1<ad45>3.455 E F0 .955
-(option indicates that)3.455 F .876
-(other supplied options and actions should apply to `)144 698.4 R
-(`empty')-.74 E 3.376('c)-.74 G .876(ommand completion; that is, com-)
--3.376 F .448(pletion attempted on a blank line.)144 710.4 R(The)5.447 E
-F1<ad49>2.947 E F0 .447
-(option indicates that other supplied options and actions)2.947 F 1.149
-(should apply to completion on the initial non-assignment w)144 722.4 R
-1.15(ord on the line, or after a command)-.1 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
-(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(3)190.545 E 0 Cg EP
+(option indicates that)3.455 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2023 January 27)
+141.79 E(3)195.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 4 4
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .431(delimiter such as)144 84 R/F1 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(;)2.931 E F0(or)2.931 E F1(|)2.931 E F0 2.931(,w)C .431
-(hich is usually command name completion.)-2.931 F .43
-(If multiple options are sup-)5.43 F .707(plied, the)144 96 R F1<ad44>
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .876
+(other supplied options and actions should apply to `)144 84 R(`empty')
+-.74 E 3.376('c)-.74 G .876(ommand completion; that is, com-)-3.376 F
+.448(pletion attempted on a blank line.)144 96 R(The)5.447 E/F1 10
+/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad49>2.947 E F0 .447
+(option indicates that other supplied options and actions)2.947 F .123
+(should apply to completion on the initial non-assignment w)144 108 R
+.123(ord on the line, or after a command de-)-.1 F 1.021
+(limiter such as)144 120 R F1(;)3.521 E F0(or)3.521 E F1(|)3.521 E F0
+3.521(,w)C 1.021(hich is usually command name completion.)-3.521 F 1.02
+(If multiple options are sup-)6.02 F .707(plied, the)144 132 R F1<ad44>
3.207 E F0 .707(option tak)3.207 F .707(es precedence o)-.1 F -.15(ve)
-.15 G(r).15 E F1<ad45>3.208 E F0 3.208(,a)C .708(nd both tak)-3.208 F
3.208(ep)-.1 G .708(recedence o)-3.208 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E F1<ad49>
3.208 E F0 5.708(.I)C 3.208(fa)-5.708 G 1.008 -.15(ny o)-3.208 H(f).15 E
-F1<ad44>3.208 E F0(,)A F1<ad45>144 108 Q F0 2.604(,o)C(r)-2.604 E F1
+F1<ad44>3.208 E F0(,)A F1<ad45>144 144 Q F0 2.604(,o)C(r)-2.604 E F1
<ad49>2.604 E F0 .103(are supplied, an)2.603 F 2.603(yo)-.15 G(ther)
-2.603 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.603 E F0(ar)2.603 E .103
(guments are ignored; these completions only apply to the)-.18 F
-(case speci\214ed by the option.)144 120 Q .152
+(case speci\214ed by the option.)144 156 Q .152
(The process of applying these completion speci\214cations when w)144
-144 R .153(ord completion is attempted is de-)-.1 F(scribed in)144 156 Q
-F2(bash\(1\))2.5 E F0(.)A .556(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 180
+180 R .153(ord completion is attempted is de-)-.1 F(scribed in)144 192 Q
+F2(bash\(1\))2.5 E F0(.)A .556(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 216
R .856 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .555(he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F
.555(The ar)5.555 F .555(guments to the)-.18 F F1<ad47>3.055 E F0(,)A F1
<ad57>3.055 E F0 3.055(,a)C(nd)-3.055 E F1<ad58>3.055 E F0 .722
-(options \(and, if necessary)144 192 R 3.222(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.222 E F1
+(options \(and, if necessary)144 228 R 3.222(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.222 E F1
<ad50>3.222 E F0(and)3.222 E F1<ad53>3.222 E F0 .723
(options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.222 F(xpan-)-.15 E
-(sion before the)144 204 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G
-(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1<ad6f>144 216 Q F2
-(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 228 Q F2(comp-option)2.791 E F0 .291
+(sion before the)144 240 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G
+(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1<ad6f>144 252 Q F2
+(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 264 Q F2(comp-option)2.791 E F0 .291
(controls se)2.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .291(ral aspects of the compspec')
.15 F 2.791(sb)-.55 G(eha)-2.791 E .291(vior be)-.2 F .291
-(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 240 Q F2
-(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 252 Q F0
-.281(Perform the rest of the def)224 264 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.781 E F0
-.281(completions if the compspec generates no)2.781 F(matches.)224 276 Q
-F1(default)184 288 Q F0 2.876(Use readline')224 288 R 5.376(sd)-.55 G
+(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 276 Q F2
+(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 288 Q F0
+.281(Perform the rest of the def)224 300 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.781 E F0
+.281(completions if the compspec generates no)2.781 F(matches.)224 312 Q
+F1(default)184 324 Q F0 2.876(Use readline')224 324 R 5.376(sd)-.55 G
(ef)-5.376 E 2.875
(ault \214lename completion if the compspec generates no)-.1 F(matches.)
-224 300 Q F1(dir)184 312 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory name compl\
-etion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 324 Q F1(\214lenames)184
-336 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 348 S .137(ll readline that the compspec generates \
+224 336 Q F1(dir)184 348 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory name compl\
+etion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 360 Q F1(\214lenames)184
+372 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 384 S .137(ll readline that the compspec generates \
\214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.637<798c>-.15 G(le-)-2.637 E
-.134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 360 R 2.634(ea)-.1 G .134
+.134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 396 R 2.634(ea)-.1 G .134
(dding a slash to directory names, quoting spe-)-2.634 F .45
-(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 372 R .45
-(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 384 Q F1(noquote)
-184 396 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 396 S .814
+(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 408 R .45
+(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 420 Q F1(noquote)
+184 432 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 432 S .814
(ll readline not to quote the completed w).7 F .814(ords if the)-.1 F
3.314(ya)-.15 G .814(re \214lenames \(quoting)-3.314 F
-(\214lenames is the def)224 408 Q(ault\).)-.1 E F1(nosort)184 420 Q F0
--.7(Te)224 420 S(ll readline not to sort the list of possible completio\
-ns alphabetically).7 E(.)-.65 E F1(nospace)184 432 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 432 S
+(\214lenames is the def)224 444 Q(ault\).)-.1 E F1(nosort)184 456 Q F0
+-.7(Te)224 456 S(ll readline not to sort the list of possible completio\
+ns alphabetically).7 E(.)-.65 E F1(nospace)184 468 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 468 S
.22(ll readline not to append a space \(the def).7 F .22(ault\) to w)-.1
-F .22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 444 Q F1
-(plusdirs)184 456 Q F0 1.985(After an)224 456 R 4.485(ym)-.15 G 1.985
+F .22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 480 Q F1
+(plusdirs)184 492 Q F0 1.985(After an)224 492 R 4.485(ym)-.15 G 1.985
(atches de\214ned by the compspec are generated, directory name)-4.485 F
-.583(completion is attempted and an)224 468 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584
-(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 480
-Q F1<ad41>144 492 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 504 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0
+.583(completion is attempted and an)224 504 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584
+(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 516
+Q F1<ad41>144 528 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 540 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0
(may be one of the follo)2.5 E
(wing to generate a list of possible completions:)-.25 E F1(alias)184
-5
16 Q F0(Alias names.)224 516 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad61>
-2.5 E F0(.)A F1(arrayv)184 528 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 540 Q
-(ariable names.)-.25 E F1(binding)184 552 Q(Readline)224 552 Q F0 -.1
-(ke)2.5 G 2.5(yb)-.05 G(inding names.)-2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)184 564 S(iltin)
-.2 E F0(Names of shell b)224 564 Q(uiltin commands.)-.2 E
-(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(command)184 576
-Q F0(Command names.)224
588 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad63>2.5
-E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 600 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 612 Q
-(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 624
-Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 636 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184
-648 Q F0(Names of enabled shell b)224 648 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(export)184
-660 Q F0(Names of e)224 660 Q(xported shell v)-.15 E 2.5(ariables. May)
+5
52 Q F0(Alias names.)224 552 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad61>
+2.5 E F0(.)A F1(arrayv)184 564 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 576 Q
+(ariable names.)-.25 E F1(binding)184 588 Q(Readline)224 588 Q F0 -.1
+(ke)2.5 G 2.5(yb)-.05 G(inding names.)-2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)184 600 S(iltin)
+.2 E F0(Names of shell b)224 600 Q(uiltin commands.)-.2 E
+(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(command)184 612
+Q F0(Command names.)224
624 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad63>2.5
+E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 636 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 648 Q
+(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 660
+Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 672 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184
+684 Q F0(Names of enabled shell b)224 684 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(export)184
+696 Q F0(Names of e)224 696 Q(xported shell v)-.15 E 2.5(ariables. May)
-.25 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad65>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(\214le)184
-672 Q F0(File names.)224 672 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad66>
-2.5 E F0(.)A F1(function)184 684 Q F0(Names of shell functions.)224 696
-Q F1(gr)184 708 Q(oup)-.18 E F0(Group names.)224 708 Q
-(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad67>2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768
-Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(4)190.545 E 0 Cg EP
+708 Q F0(File names.)224 708 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad66>
+2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2023 January 27)141.79 E(4)195.95 E 0
+Cg EP
%%Page: 5 5
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(helptopic)184 84 Q F0
-(Help topics as accepted by the)224 96 Q F1(help)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G
-(iltin.).2 E F1(hostname)184 108 Q F0(Hostnames, as tak)224 120 Q
-(en from the \214le speci\214ed by the)-.1 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
-(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(shell v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(job)184 132 Q F0
-(Job names, if job control is acti)224 132 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.M).15 G
-(ay also be speci\214ed as)-5 E F1<ad6a>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ke)184 144 S
-(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Shell reserv)224 156 Q(ed w)-.15 E 2.5(ords. May)
--.1 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(running)184
-168 Q F0(Names of running jobs, if job control is acti)224 168 Q -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(ser)184 180 Q(vice)-.1 E F0(Service names.)224 180
-Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad73>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(setopt)184 192
-Q F0 -1.11(Va)224 192 S(lid ar)1.11 E(guments for the)-.18 E F1<ad6f>2.5
-E F0(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1
-(shopt)184 204 Q F0(Shell option names as accepted by the)224 204 Q F1
-(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(signal)184 216 Q F0
-(Signal names.)224 216 Q F1(stopped)184 228 Q F0
-(Names of stopped jobs, if job control is acti)224 228 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(.).15 E F1(user)184 240 Q F0(User names.)224 240 Q
-(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 252 S
-(riable).1 E F0(Names of all shell v)224 252 Q 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F
-(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad43>144 264 Q/F3
-10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E(command)184 276 Q F0 1.056(is e)3.556
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(function)184 84 Q F0
+(Names of shell functions.)224 96 Q F1(gr)184 108 Q(oup)-.18 E F0
+(Group names.)224 108 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad67>2.5 E F0
+(.)A F1(helptopic)184 120 Q F0(Help topics as accepted by the)224 132 Q
+F1(help)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(hostname)184 144 Q F0
+(Hostnames, as tak)224 156 Q(en from the \214le speci\214ed by the)-.1 E
+/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(shell v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E
+F1(job)184 168 Q F0(Job names, if job control is acti)224 168 Q -.15(ve)
+-.25 G 5(.M).15 G(ay also be speci\214ed as)-5 E F1<ad6a>2.5 E F0(.)A F1
+-.1(ke)184 180 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Shell reserv)224 192 Q(ed w)-.15 E
+2.5(ords. May)-.1 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F1
+(running)184 204 Q F0(Names of running jobs, if job control is acti)224
+204 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(ser)184 216 Q(vice)-.1 E F0
+(Service names.)224 216 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad73>2.5 E
+F0(.)A F1(setopt)184 228 Q F0 -1.11(Va)224 228 S(lid ar)1.11 E
+(guments for the)-.18 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5
+E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(shopt)184 240 Q F0
+(Shell option names as accepted by the)224 240 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2
+(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(signal)184 252 Q F0(Signal names.)224 252 Q F1
+(stopped)184 264 Q F0(Names of stopped jobs, if job control is acti)224
+264 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(user)184 276 Q F0(User names.)224 276 Q
+(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 288 S
+(riable).1 E F0(Names of all shell v)224 288 Q 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F
+(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad43>144 300 Q/F3
+10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E(command)184 312 Q F0 1.056(is e)3.556
F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.056(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056
(vironment, and its output is used as the possible)-.4 F 2.5
-(completions. Ar)184 288 R(guments are passed as with the)-.18 E F1
-<ad46>2.5 E F0(option.)2.5 E F1<ad46>144 300 Q F3(function)2.5 E F0 .113
-(The shell function)184 312 R F3(function)2.614 E F0 .114(is e)2.614 F
+(completions. Ar)184 324 R(guments are passed as with the)-.18 E F1
+<ad46>2.5 E F0(option.)2.5 E F1<ad46>144 336 Q F3(function)2.5 E F0 .113
+(The shell function)184 348 R F3(function)2.614 E F0 .114(is e)2.614 F
-.15(xe)-.15 G .114(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 2.614
-(vironment. When)-.4 F .114(the func-)2.614 F .817(tion is e)184 324 R
+(vironment. When)-.4 F .114(the func-)2.614 F .817(tion is e)184 360 R
-.15(xe)-.15 G .817(cuted, the \214rst ar).15 F .817(gument \()-.18 F F1
($1)A F0 3.316(\)i)C 3.316(st)-3.316 G .816
(he name of the command whose ar)-3.316 F(guments)-.18 E 1.407
-(are being completed, the second ar)184 336 R 1.407(gument \()-.18 F F1
+(are being completed, the second ar)184 372 R 1.407(gument \()-.18 F F1
($2)A F0 3.907(\)i)C 3.907(st)-3.907 G 1.407(he w)-3.907 F 1.407
-(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .104(third ar)184 348 R .104
+(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .104(third ar)184 384 R .104
(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.604(\)i)C 2.604(st)-2.604 G .104(he w)
-2.604 F .104(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .103
-(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .101(mand line.)184 360 R
+(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .101(mand line.)184 396 R
.101(When it \214nishes, the possible completions are retrie)5.101 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.602(df).15 G .102(rom the v)-2.602 F .102(alue of the)
--.25 F F2(COMPREPL)184 372 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E
-F1<ad47>144 384 Q F3(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.008(The pathname e)184 396 R
+-.25 F F2(COMPREPL)184 408 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E
+F1<ad47>144 420 Q F3(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.008(The pathname e)184 432 R
1.008(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F3(globpat)3.507 E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F
-1.007(xpanded to generate the possible comple-)-.15 F(tions.)184 408 Q
-F1<ad50>144 420 Q F3(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr)184 432 Q(e\214x)-.37 E
+1.007(xpanded to generate the possible comple-)-.15 F(tions.)184 444 Q
+F1<ad50>144 456 Q F3(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr)184 468 Q(e\214x)-.37 E
F0 .534(is added at the be)3.034 F .534
(ginning of each possible completion after all other options ha)-.15 F
--.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 444 Q F1<ad53>144 456 Q F3(suf)2.5 E
-<8c78>-.18 E(suf)184 456 Q<8c78>-.18 E F0
+-.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 480 Q F1<ad53>144 492 Q F3(suf)2.5 E
+<8c78>-.18 E(suf)184 492 Q<8c78>-.18 E F0
(is appended to each possible completion after all other options ha)2.5
-E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1<ad57>144 468 Q F3(wor)2.5 E
-(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 480 Q F3(wor)3.64 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14
+E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1<ad57>144 504 Q F3(wor)2.5 E
+(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 516 Q F3(wor)3.64 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14
(is split using the characters in the)3.64 F F2(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.139
(special v)3.39 F 1.139(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F .98
-(each resultant w)184 492 R .98(ord is e)-.1 F 3.481(xpanded. Shell)-.15
+(each resultant w)184 528 R .98(ord is e)-.1 F 3.481(xpanded. Shell)-.15
F .981(quoting is honored within)3.481 F F3(wor)3.481 E(dlist)-.37 E F0
-3.481(,i)C 3.481(no)-3.481 G .981(rder to)-3.481 F(pro)184 504 Q .766
+3.481(,i)C 3.481(no)-3.481 G .981(rder to)-3.481 F(pro)184 540 Q .766
(vide a mechanism for the w)-.15 F .765
(ords to contain shell metacharacters or characters in the)-.1 F -.25
-(va)184 516 S 1.964(lue of).25 F F2(IFS)4.464 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)
+(va)184 552 S 1.964(lue of).25 F F2(IFS)4.464 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)
A F0 1.964
(The possible completions are the members of the resultant list which)
-6.464 F(match the w)184 528 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E F1<ad58>144 540
-Q F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 552 Q F0 .456
+6.464 F(match the w)184 564 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E F1<ad58>144 576
+Q F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 588 Q F0 .456
(is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.956 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15 F
.455(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596
-(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 564 R 1.596
-(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 576 Q F3(\214lterpat)
+(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 600 R 1.596
+(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 612 Q F3(\214lterpat)
3.205 E F0 .705(is remo)3.205 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.205(df).15 G .704
(rom the list.)-3.205 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)3.204 E F0
(in)3.204 E F3(\214lterpat)3.204 E F0(ne)3.204 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .704
-(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 588 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G
+(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 624 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G
(ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .466(The return v)144 604.8 R .466
-(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .466
-(lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F1<ad70>2.967 E F0
-(or)2.967 E F1<ad72>2.967 E F0 .467(is sup-)2.967 F 1.362
-(plied without a)144 616.8 R F3(name)3.862 E F0(ar)3.862 E 1.361
-(gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.661 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H
-1.361(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F3(name)144 628.8 Q F0
-(for which no speci\214cation e)2.5 E
-(xists, or an error occurs adding a completion speci\214cation.)-.15 E
-F1(compopt)108 645.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F3(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
-F1(\255DEI)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F3(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
-F3(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 657.6
-R F3(name)2.947 E F0 .447(according to the)2.947 F F3(option)2.947 E F0
-.447(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E .726
-(completion if no)144 669.6 R F3(name)3.226 E F0 3.226(sa)C .726
-(re supplied.)-3.226 F .725(If no)5.725 F F3(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)
-C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .725
-(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 681.6 Q F3(name)
-3.223 E F0 .723(or the current completion.)3.223 F .724(The possible v)
-5.724 F .724(alues of)-.25 F F3(option)3.224 E F0 .724(are those v)3.224
-F .724(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.224 E(plete)144 693.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)
-2.678 G .178(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.178(.T).15 G(he)
--5.178 E F1<ad44>2.678 E F0 .178
-(option indicates that other supplied options should apply to)2.678 F
-1.227(the `)144 705.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.727('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\
-mmand completion; that is, completion attempted on a command for which \
-no)-3.727 F 2.039(completion has pre)144 717.6 R 2.039
-(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)7.038 E F1<ad45>4.538 E F0 2.038
-(option indicates that other supplied options)4.538 F 1.538
-(should apply to `)144 729.6 R(`empty')-.74 E 4.038('c)-.74 G 1.539
-(ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.)
--4.038 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22)
-.15 E(5)190.545 E 0 Cg EP
+-.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .46(The return v)144 640.8 R .46
+(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .461
+(lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F1<ad70>2.961 E F0
+(,)A F1<ad72>2.961 E F0(,)A F1<ad44>2.961 E F0(,)A F1<ad45>2.961 E F0(,)
+A(or)144 652.8 Q F1<ad49>2.986 E F0 .486(is supplied without a)2.986 F
+F3(name)2.986 E F0(ar)2.986 E .486(gument, an attempt is made to remo)
+-.18 F .785 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H .485(ompletion speci\214ca-).15 F .163
+(tion for a)144 664.8 R F3(name)2.663 E F0 .164
+(for which no speci\214cation e)2.663 F .164
+(xists, or an error occurs adding a completion speci\214ca-)-.15 F
+(tion.)144 676.8 Q F1(compopt)108 693.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F3
+(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255DEI)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F3
+(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447
+(Modify completion options for each)144 705.6 R F3(name)2.947 E F0 .447
+(according to the)2.947 F F3(option)2.947 E F0 .447
+(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E .725
+(completion if no)144 717.6 R F3(name)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)C .725
+(re supplied.)-3.225 F .725(If no)5.725 F F3(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)
+C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .726
+(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 729.6 Q F3(name)
+4.846 E F0 2.346(or the current completion.)4.846 F 2.345
+(The possible v)7.345 F 2.345(alues of)-.25 F F3(option)4.845 E F0 2.345
+(are those v)4.845 F 2.345(alid for the)-.25 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
+(2023 January 27)141.79 E(5)195.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 6 6
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(The)144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad49>
-3.02 E F0 .52(option indicates that other supplied options should apply\
- to completion on the initial non-)3.02 F .867(assignment w)144 96 R
-.868(ord on the line, or after a command delimiter such as)-.1 F F1(;)
-3.368 E F0(or)3.368 E F1(|)3.368 E F0 3.368(,w)C .868
-(hich is usually com-)-3.368 F(mand name completion.)144 108 Q .432
-(The return v)144 132 R .431(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)
--.4 G .431(lid option is supplied, an attempt is made to modify the op-)
-.25 F(tions for a)144 144 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.5 E F0
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(complete)144 84 Q F0
+-.2(bu)2.842 G .342(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.342(.T).15
+G(he)-5.342 E F1<ad44>2.842 E F0 .343
+(option indicates that other supplied options should ap-)2.842 F .208
+(ply to the `)144 96 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 2.707('c)-.74 G .207(omm\
+and completion; that is, completion attempted on a command for which)
+-2.707 F .92(no completion has pre)144 108 R .92
+(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.92 E F1<ad45>3.42 E F0 .92
+(option indicates that other supplied options)3.42 F 1.539
+(should apply to `)144 120 R(`empty')-.74 E 4.039('c)-.74 G 1.538
+(ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.)
+-4.039 F(The)144 132 Q F1<ad49>3.02 E F0 .52(option indicates that othe\
+r supplied options should apply to completion on the initial non-)3.02 F
+.868(assignment w)144 144 R .868
+(ord on the line, or after a command delimiter such as)-.1 F F1(;)3.368
+E F0(or)3.368 E F1(|)3.368 E F0 3.367(,w)C .867(hich is usually com-)
+-3.367 F(mand name completion.)144 156 Q .431(The return v)144 180 R
+.431(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .431
+(lid option is supplied, an attempt is made to modify the op-).25 F
+(tions for a)144 192 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.5 E F0
(for which no completion speci\214cation e)2.5 E
-(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 160.8 Q F0([)
-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .85(Resume the ne)144 172.8 R .85
-(xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F1 -.25(fo)3.35 G(r).25 E F0(,)A
+(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 208.8 Q F0([)
+2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .851(Resume the ne)144 220.8 R .851
+(xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F1 -.25(fo)3.351 G(r).25 E F0(,)A
F1(while)3.351 E F0(,)A F1(until)3.351 E F0 3.351(,o)C(r)-3.351 E F1
-(select)3.351 E F0 3.351(loop. If)3.351 F F2(n)3.711 E F0 .851
-(is speci\214ed, re-)3.591 F .204(sume at the)144 184.8 R F2(n)2.704 E
-F0 .204(th enclosing loop.)B F2(n)5.564 E F0 .204(must be)2.944 F/F3 10
-/Symbol SF<b3>2.704 E F0 2.703(1. If)2.704 F F2(n)3.063 E F0 .203
-(is greater than the number of enclosing loops,)2.943 F 1.183
-(the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 196.8 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15(ve)-.25
-G(l').15 E 3.683('l)-.74 G 1.183(oop\) is resumed.)-3.683 F 1.184
-(The return v)6.184 F 1.184(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F2(n)3.684 E F0
-1.184(is not)3.684 F(greater than or equal to 1.)144 208.8 Q F1(declar)
-108 225.6 Q(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgiIlnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1
+(select)3.35 E F0 3.35(loop. If)3.35 F F2(n)3.71 E F0 .85
+(is speci\214ed, re-)3.59 F .203(sume at the)144 232.8 R F2(n)2.703 E F0
+.203(th enclosing loop.)B F2(n)5.563 E F0 .203(must be)2.943 F/F3 10
+/Symbol SF<b3>2.703 E F0 2.704(1. If)2.703 F F2(n)3.064 E F0 .204
+(is greater than the number of enclosing loops,)2.944 F 1.184
+(the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 244.8 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15(ve)-.25
+G(l').15 E 3.684('l)-.74 G 1.184(oop\) is resumed.)-3.684 F 1.183
+(The return v)6.184 F 1.183(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F2(n)3.683 E F0
+1.183(is not)3.683 F(greater than or equal to 1.)144 256.8 Q F1(declar)
+108 273.6 Q(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgiIlnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1
<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C
-(..])-2.5 E F1(typeset)108 237.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgiIlnrtux)A F0
+(..])-2.5 E F1(typeset)108 285.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgiIlnrtux)A F0
2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0
-2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E 1.265(Declare v)144 249.6 R 1.265
-(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F 1.565 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.265(hem attrib).15 F
+2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 297.6 R 1.264
+(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F 1.564 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.264(hem attrib).15 F
3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no)3.765 E F2(name)3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265
-(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.764(nt).15 G 1.264(hen display the v)
--3.764 F 1.264(alues of)-.25 F -.25(va)144 261.6 S 3.46(riables. The).25
+(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.765(nt).15 G 1.265(hen display the v)
+-3.765 F 1.265(alues of)-.25 F -.25(va)144 309.6 S 3.46(riables. The).25
F F1<ad70>3.46 E F0 .96(option will display the attrib)3.46 F .96
(utes and v)-.2 F .96(alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.82 E F0 5.96(.W).18
-G(hen)-5.96 E F1<ad70>3.46 E F0 .96(is used)3.46 F(with)144 273.6 Q F2
-(name)2.775 E F0(ar)2.775 E .275
+G(hen)-5.96 E F1<ad70>3.46 E F0 .96(is used)3.46 F(with)144 321.6 Q F2
+(name)2.774 E F0(ar)2.774 E .274
(guments, additional options, other than)-.18 F F1<ad66>2.775 E F0(and)
-2.775 E F1<ad46>2.775 E F0 2.775(,a)C .274(re ignored.)-2.775 F(When)
-5.274 E F1<ad70>2.774 E F0 .274(is supplied)2.774 F(without)144 285.6 Q
-F2(name)3.789 E F0(ar)3.789 E 1.289(guments, it will display the attrib)
--.18 F 1.289(utes and v)-.2 F 1.29(alues of all v)-.25 F 1.29
-(ariables ha)-.25 F 1.29(ving the at-)-.2 F(trib)144 297.6 Q .38
+2.775 E F1<ad46>2.775 E F0 2.775(,a)C .275(re ignored.)-2.775 F(When)
+5.275 E F1<ad70>2.775 E F0 .275(is supplied)2.775 F(without)144 333.6 Q
+F2(name)3.79 E F0(ar)3.79 E 1.29(guments, it will display the attrib)
+-.18 F 1.289(utes and v)-.2 F 1.289(alues of all v)-.25 F 1.289
+(ariables ha)-.25 F 1.289(ving the at-)-.2 F(trib)144 345.6 Q .38
(utes speci\214ed by the additional options.)-.2 F .38
(If no other options are supplied with)5.38 F F1<ad70>2.88 E F0(,)A F1
-(declar)2.88 E(e)-.18 E F0(will)2.88 E 1.106(display the attrib)144
-309.6 R 1.106(utes and v)-.2 F 1.106(alues of all shell v)-.25 F 3.606
-(ariables. The)-.25 F F1<ad66>3.606 E F0 1.107
-(option will restrict the display to)3.606 F .3(shell functions.)144
-321.6 R(The)5.3 E F1<ad46>2.8 E F0 .299(option inhibits the display of \
-function de\214nitions; only the function name)2.8 F 1.54(and attrib)144
-333.6 R 1.54(utes are printed.)-.2 F 1.54(If the)6.54 F F1(extdeb)4.04 E
-(ug)-.2 E F0 1.54(shell option is enabled using)4.04 F F1(shopt)4.04 E
-F0 4.04(,t)C 1.54(he source \214le)-4.04 F .648
-(name and line number where each)144 345.6 R F2(name)3.148 E F0 .648
+(declar)2.88 E(e)-.18 E F0(will)2.88 E 1.107(display the attrib)144
+357.6 R 1.107(utes and v)-.2 F 1.106(alues of all shell v)-.25 F 3.606
+(ariables. The)-.25 F F1<ad66>3.606 E F0 1.106
+(option will restrict the display to)3.606 F .299(shell functions.)144
+369.6 R(The)5.299 E F1<ad46>2.799 E F0 .299(option inhibits the display\
+ of function de\214nitions; only the function name)2.799 F 1.54
+(and attrib)144 381.6 R 1.54(utes are printed.)-.2 F 1.54(If the)6.54 F
+F1(extdeb)4.04 E(ug)-.2 E F0 1.54(shell option is enabled using)4.04 F
+F1(shopt)4.04 E F0 4.04(,t)C 1.54(he source \214le)-4.04 F .648
+(name and line number where each)144 393.6 R F2(name)3.148 E F0 .648
(is de\214ned are displayed as well.)3.148 F(The)5.648 E F1<ad46>3.148 E
-F0 .648(option implies)3.148 F F1<ad66>144 357.6 Q F0 5.836(.T)C(he)
--5.836 E F1<ad67>3.336 E F0 .836(option forces v)3.336 F .837
+F0 .649(option implies)3.149 F F1<ad66>144 405.6 Q F0 5.837(.T)C(he)
+-5.837 E F1<ad67>3.337 E F0 .837(option forces v)3.337 F .836
(ariables to be created or modi\214ed at the global scope, e)-.25 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 3.337(nw).15 G(hen)-3.337 E F1(de-)3.337 E(clar)144 369.6 Q
-(e)-.18 E F0 .819(is e)3.319 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .819
+(ve)-.25 G 3.336(nw).15 G(hen)-3.336 E F1(de-)3.336 E(clar)144 417.6 Q
+(e)-.18 E F0 .818(is e)3.318 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .818
(cuted in a shell function.).15 F .818
-(It is ignored in all other cases.)5.818 F(The)5.818 E F1<ad49>3.318 E
-F0 .818(option causes local)3.318 F -.25(va)144 381.6 S .693
-(riables to inherit the attrib).25 F .693(utes \(e)-.2 F .693(xcept the)
--.15 F F2(namer)3.194 E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)3.194 E .694(ute\) and v)-.2
-F .694(alue of an)-.25 F 3.194(ye)-.15 G .694(xisting v)-3.344 F
-(ariable)-.25 E .82(with the same)144 393.6 R F2(name)3.32 E F0 .82
+(It is ignored in all other cases.)5.818 F(The)5.819 E F1<ad49>3.319 E
+F0 .819(option causes local)3.319 F -.25(va)144 429.6 S .694
+(riables to inherit the attrib).25 F .694(utes \(e)-.2 F .694(xcept the)
+-.15 F F2(namer)3.194 E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)3.194 E .693(ute\) and v)-.2
+F .693(alue of an)-.25 F 3.193(ye)-.15 G .693(xisting v)-3.343 F
+(ariable)-.25 E .82(with the same)144 441.6 R F2(name)3.32 E F0 .82
(at a surrounding scope.)3.32 F .82(If there is no e)5.82 F .82
(xisting v)-.15 F .82(ariable, the local v)-.25 F .82(ariable is)-.25 F
-.379(initially unset.)144 405.6 R .379(The follo)5.379 F .379
-(wing options can be used to restrict output to v)-.25 F .38
-(ariables with the speci\214ed)-.25 F(attrib)144 417.6 Q(ute or to gi)
+.38(initially unset.)144 453.6 R .38(The follo)5.38 F .379
+(wing options can be used to restrict output to v)-.25 F .379
+(ariables with the speci\214ed)-.25 F(attrib)144 465.6 Q(ute or to gi)
-.2 E .3 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables attrib)-.1 E(utes:)-.2 E F1<ad61>144
-429.6 Q F0(Each)180 429.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)
+477.6 Q F0(Each)180 477.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)
-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E
-F0(in)2.5 E F2(bash\(1\))2.5 E F0(\).)A F1<ad41>144 441.6 Q F0(Each)180
-441.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
+F0(in)2.5 E F2(bash\(1\))2.5 E F0(\).)A F1<ad41>144 489.6 Q F0(Each)180
+489.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
(rray v).15 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(in)2.5 E F2
-(bash\(1\))2.5 E F0(\).)A F1<ad66>144 453.6 Q F0
-(Use function names only)180 453.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad69>144 465.6 Q F0
-.558(The v)180 465.6 R .558(ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558
+(bash\(1\))2.5 E F0(\).)A F1<ad66>144 501.6 Q F0
+(Use function names only)180 501.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad69>144 513.6 Q F0
+.557(The v)180 513.6 R .558(ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558
(ger; arithmetic e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F4 9
-/Times-Bold@0 SF .557(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION)
-180 477.6 Q F0(in)2.25 E F2(bash\(1\))2.5 E F0 2.5(\)i)C 2.5(sp)-2.5 G
+/Times-Bold@0 SF .558(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION)
+180 525.6 Q F0(in)2.25 E F2(bash\(1\))2.5 E F0 2.5(\)i)C 2.5(sp)-2.5 G
(erformed when the v)-2.5 E(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E
-F1<ad6c>144 489.6 Q F0 .909(When the v)180 489.6 R .909
+F1<ad6c>144 537.6 Q F0 .91(When the v)180 537.6 R .909
(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909(alue, all upper)-.25 F .909
-(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .91(rted to lo).15 F(wer)
--.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 501.6 R(upper)2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E
-(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad6e>144 513.6 Q F0(Gi)180 513.6 Q 1.62 -.15
-(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2(name)3.82 E F0(the)3.82 E F2(namer)3.819 E(ef)
--.37 E F0(attrib)3.819 E 1.319
-(ute, making it a name reference to another v)-.2 F(ariable.)-.25 E .477
-(That other v)180 525.6 R .478(ariable is de\214ned by the v)-.25 F .478
+(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .909(rted to lo).15 F(wer)
+-.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 549.6 R(upper)2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E
+(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad6e>144 561.6 Q F0(Gi)180 561.6 Q 1.619 -.15
+(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2(name)3.819 E F0(the)3.819 E F2(namer)3.819 E
+(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)3.819 E 1.319
+(ute, making it a name reference to another v)-.2 F(ariable.)-.25 E .478
+(That other v)180 573.6 R .478(ariable is de\214ned by the v)-.25 F .478
(alue of)-.25 F F2(name)2.978 E F0 5.478(.A)C .478
-(ll references, assignments, and at-)-5.478 F(trib)180 537.6 Q .782
-(ute modi\214cations to)-.2 F F2(name)3.282 E F0 3.282(,e)C .782
-(xcept those using or changing the)-3.432 F F1<ad6e>3.281 E F0(attrib)
-3.281 E .781(ute itself, are)-.2 F .808(performed on the v)180 549.6 R
-.808(ariable referenced by)-.25 F F2(name)3.308 E F0 1.908 -.55('s v)D
-3.308(alue. The).3 F .809(nameref attrib)3.309 F .809(ute cannot be)-.2
-F(applied to array v)180 561.6 Q(ariables.)-.25 E F1<ad72>144 573.6 Q F0
-(Mak)180 573.6 Q(e)-.1 E F2(name)3.655 E F0 3.655(sr)C(eadonly)-3.655 E
+(ll references, assignments, and at-)-5.478 F(trib)180 585.6 Q .781
+(ute modi\214cations to)-.2 F F2(name)3.281 E F0 3.281(,e)C .782
+(xcept those using or changing the)-3.431 F F1<ad6e>3.282 E F0(attrib)
+3.282 E .782(ute itself, are)-.2 F .809(performed on the v)180 597.6 R
+.809(ariable referenced by)-.25 F F2(name)3.308 E F0 1.908 -.55('s v)D
+3.308(alue. The).3 F .808(nameref attrib)3.308 F .808(ute cannot be)-.2
+F(applied to array v)180 609.6 Q(ariables.)-.25 E F1<ad72>144 621.6 Q F0
+(Mak)180 621.6 Q(e)-.1 E F2(name)3.654 E F0 3.654(sr)C(eadonly)-3.654 E
6.154(.T)-.65 G 1.154(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-6.154 F
-1.154(alues by subsequent as-)-.25 F(signment statements or unset.)180
-585.6 Q F1<ad74>144 597.6 Q F0(Gi)180 597.6 Q .729 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach)
-.15 E F2(name)2.929 E F0(the)2.929 E F2(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib)
+1.155(alues by subsequent as-)-.25 F(signment statements or unset.)180
+633.6 Q F1<ad74>144 645.6 Q F0(Gi)180 645.6 Q .73 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach)
+.15 E F2(name)2.93 E F0(the)2.929 E F2(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib)
2.929 E 2.929(ute. T)-.2 F .429(raced functions inherit the)-.35 F F1
-(DEB)2.929 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.93 E F1(RETURN)2.93 E F0
-(traps from the calling shell.)180 609.6 Q(The trace attrib)5 E
+(DEB)2.929 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.929 E F1(RETURN)2.929 E F0
+(traps from the calling shell.)180 657.6 Q(The trace attrib)5 E
(ute has no special meaning for v)-.2 E(ariables.)-.25 E F1<ad75>144
-621.6 Q F0 .91(When the v)180 621.6 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25
+669.6 Q F0 .909(When the v)180 669.6 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25
F .909(alue, all lo)-.25 F(wer)-.25 E .909(-case characters are con)-.2
-F -.15(ve)-.4 G .909(rted to upper).15 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 633.6
+F -.15(ve)-.4 G .91(rted to upper).15 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 681.6
R(lo)2.5 E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad78>
-144 645.6 Q F0(Mark)180 645.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E
-(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .143
-(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 662.4 R 2.643(ft)-.25 G .143
-(he attrib)-2.643 F .143(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .144
-(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.644 E F0(and)2.644 E F1(+A)2.644 E F0
-.144(may not)2.644 F .579(be used to destro)144 674.4 R 3.079(ya)-.1 G
+144 693.6 Q F0(Mark)180 693.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E
+(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .144
+(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 710.4 R 2.643(ft)-.25 G .143
+(he attrib)-2.643 F .143(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .143
+(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.643 E F0(and)2.643 E F1(+A)2.643 E F0
+.143(may not)2.643 F .578(be used to destro)144 722.4 R 3.079(ya)-.1 G
.579(rray v)-3.079 F .579(ariables and)-.25 F F1(+r)3.079 E F0 .579
(will not remo)3.079 F .879 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .579(he readonly attrib).15
-F 3.079(ute. When)-.2 F .578(used in a)3.078 F(function,)144 686.4 Q F1
-(declar)3.543 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)3.543 E F1(typeset)3.543 E F0(mak)3.543
-E 3.543(ee)-.1 G(ach)-3.543 E F2(name)3.543 E F0 1.043
-(local, as with the)3.543 F F1(local)3.544 E F0 1.044
-(command, unless the)3.544 F F1<ad67>3.544 E F0 1.205
-(option is supplied.)144 698.4 R 1.205(If a v)6.205 F 1.205
-(ariable name is follo)-.25 F 1.205(wed by =)-.25 F F2(value)A F0 3.705
-(,t)C 1.205(he v)-3.705 F 1.205(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.205
-(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)144 710.4 Q F0 5.217(.W)C .217
-(hen using)-5.217 F F1<ad61>2.717 E F0(or)2.717 E F1<ad41>2.717 E F0
-.217(and the compound assignment syntax to create array v)2.717 F .218
-(ariables, addi-)-.25 F .882(tional attrib)144 722.4 R .882
-(utes do not tak)-.2 F 3.382(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.382 G .882
-(ect until subsequent assignments.).25 F .882(The return v)5.882 F .882
-(alue is 0 unless an)-.25 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15
-(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(6)190.545 E 0 Cg EP
+F 3.079(ute. When)-.2 F .579(used in a)3.079 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
+(2023 January 27)141.79 E(6)195.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 7 7
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(in)144 84 Q -.25(va)-.4 G .365(lid option \
-is encountered, an attempt is made to de\214ne a function using).25 F/F1
-10/Courier@0 SF .366(\255f foo=bar)2.866 F F0 2.866(,a)C 2.866(na)-2.866
-G(t-)-2.866 E .549(tempt is made to assign a v)144 96 R .549
-(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .548
-(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F .548(alue to an)-.25 F
-.391(array v)144 108 R .391
-(ariable without using the compound assignment syntax \(see)-.25 F/F2 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(Arrays)2.892 E F0(in)2.892 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
-(bash\(1\))2.892 E F0 .392(\), one of the)B F3(names)144 120 Q F0 .359
-(is not a v)2.859 F .359(alid shell v)-.25 F .359
-(ariable name, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F 2.859(fr)-.25 G .359
-(eadonly status for a read-)-2.859 F 1.212(only v)144 132 R 1.213
-(ariable, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F 3.713(fa)-.25 G 1.213
-(rray status for an array v)-3.713 F 1.213(ariable, or an attempt is)
--.25 F(made to display a non-e)144 144 Q(xistent function with)-.15 E F2
-<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(dirs [\255clpv] [+)108 160.8 Q F3(n)A F2 2.5(][)C
-<ad>-2.5 E F3(n)A F2(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 172.8 S .329
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(function,)144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
+(declar)3.544 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)3.544 E F1(typeset)3.544 E F0(mak)3.544
+E 3.544(ee)-.1 G(ach)-3.544 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)3.543 E F0
+1.043(local, as with the)3.543 F F1(local)3.543 E F0 1.043
+(command, unless the)3.543 F F1<ad67>3.543 E F0 1.205
+(option is supplied.)144 96 R 1.205(If a v)6.205 F 1.205
+(ariable name is follo)-.25 F 1.205(wed by =)-.25 F F2(value)A F0 3.705
+(,t)C 1.205(he v)-3.705 F 1.205(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.205
+(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)144 108 Q F0 5.218(.W)C .218
+(hen using)-5.218 F F1<ad61>2.718 E F0(or)2.718 E F1<ad41>2.718 E F0
+.217(and the compound assignment syntax to create array v)2.717 F .217
+(ariables, addi-)-.25 F .882(tional attrib)144 120 R .882
+(utes do not tak)-.2 F 3.382(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.382 G .882
+(ect until subsequent assignments.).25 F .882(The return v)5.882 F .882
+(alue is 0 unless an)-.25 F(in)144 132 Q -.25(va)-.4 G .366(lid option \
+is encountered, an attempt is made to de\214ne a function using).25 F/F3
+10/Courier@0 SF .365(\255f foo=bar)2.865 F F0 2.865(,a)C 2.865(na)-2.865
+G(t-)-2.865 E .548(tempt is made to assign a v)144 144 R .548
+(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .549
+(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F .549(alue to an)-.25 F
+.392(array v)144 156 R .392
+(ariable without using the compound assignment syntax \(see)-.25 F F1
+(Arrays)2.891 E F0(in)2.891 E F2(bash\(1\))2.891 E F0 .391
+(\), one of the)B F2(names)144 168 Q F0 .359(is not a v)2.858 F .359
+(alid shell v)-.25 F .359(ariable name, an attempt is made to turn of)
+-.25 F 2.859(fr)-.25 G .359(eadonly status for a read-)-2.859 F 1.213
+(only v)144 180 R 1.213(ariable, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F
+3.713(fa)-.25 G 1.213(rray status for an array v)-3.713 F 1.212
+(ariable, or an attempt is)-.25 F(made to display a non-e)144 192 Q
+(xistent function with)-.15 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F1
+(dirs [\255clpv] [+)108 208.8 Q F2(n)A F1 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F1
+(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 220.8 S .328
(thout options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.)
-.4 F .328(The def)5.328 F .328(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238
-(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 184.8 R 1.238
-(Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F2(pushd)144 196.8 Q
-F0 .928(command; the)3.428 F F2(popd)3.428 E F0 .928(command remo)3.428
+.4 F .329(The def)5.329 F .329(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238
+(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 232.8 R 1.238
+(Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F1(pushd)144 244.8 Q
+F0 .927(command; the)3.427 F F1(popd)3.428 E F0 .928(command remo)3.428
F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.428(se).15 G .928(ntries from the list.)-3.428 F .928
-(The current directory is al-)5.928 F -.1(wa)144 208.8 S
-(ys the \214rst directory in the stack.).1 E F2<ad63>144 220.8 Q F0
-(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)180 220.8 Q
-F2<ad6c>144 232.8 Q F0 .881
-(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def)180 232.8 R .882
+(The current directory is al-)5.928 F -.1(wa)144 256.8 S
+(ys the \214rst directory in the stack.).1 E F1<ad63>144 268.8 Q F0
+(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)180 268.8 Q
+F1<ad6c>144 280.8 Q F0 .882
+(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def)180 280.8 R .881
(ault listing format uses a tilde to denote)-.1 F(the home directory)180
-244.8 Q(.)-.65 E F2<ad70>144 256.8 Q F0
-(Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)180
256.8 Q F2<ad76>
-144 268.8 Q F0 .273(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, \
-pre\214xing each entry with its inde)180 268.8 R 2.772(xi)-.15 G 2.772
-(nt)-2.772 G(he)-2.772 E(stack.)180 280.8 Q F2(+)144 292.8 Q F3(n)A F0
-1.564(Displays the)180 292.8 R F3(n)4.064 E F0 1.565
-(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.565(wn by)-.25 F F2
-(dirs)4.065 E F0 1.565(when in)4.065 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E
-(without options, starting with zero.)180 304.8 Q F2<ad>144 316.8 Q F3
-(n)A F0 1.194(Displays the)180 316.8 R F3(n)3.694 E F0 1.194
+292.8 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad70>144 304.8 Q F0
+(Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)180
304.8 Q F1<ad76>
+144 316.8 Q F0 .272(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, \
+pre\214xing each entry with its inde)180 316.8 R 2.773(xi)-.15 G 2.773
+(nt)-2.773 G(he)-2.773 E(stack.)180 328.8 Q F1(+)144 340.8 Q F2(n)A F0
+1.565(Displays the)180 340.8 R F2(n)4.065 E F0 1.565
+(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.564(wn by)-.25 F F1
+(dirs)4.064 E F0 1.564(when in)4.064 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E
+(without options, starting with zero.)180 352.8 Q F1<ad>144 364.8 Q F2
+(n)A F0 1.194(Displays the)180 364.8 R F2(n)3.694 E F0 1.194
(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.194(wn by)-.25 F
-F2(dirs)3.694 E F0 1.194(when in)3.694 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E
-(without options, starting with zero.)180 328.8 Q .257(The return v)144
-345.6 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258
-(lid option is supplied or).25 F F3(n)2.758 E F0(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe)
+F1(dirs)3.694 E F0 1.194(when in)3.694 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E
+(without options, starting with zero.)180 376.8 Q .258(The return v)144
+393.6 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258
+(lid option is supplied or).25 F F2(n)2.758 E F0(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe)
-.15 G 2.758(sb).15 G -.15(ey)-2.758 G .258(ond the end of the direc-)
-.15 F(tory stack.)144 357.6 Q F2(diso)108 374.4 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F2
-(\255ar)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad68>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3(jobspec)-2.5 E F0
-(... |)2.5 E F3(pid)2.5 E F0(... ])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 386.4 S .122
-(thout options, remo).4 F .422 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F3(jobspec)
+.15 F(tory stack.)144 405.6 Q F1(diso)108 422.4 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F1
+(\255ar)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad68>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)-2.5 E F0
+(... |)2.5 E F2(pid)2.5 E F0(... ])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 434.4 S .121
+(thout options, remo).4 F .422 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(jobspec)
4.362 E F0 .122(from the table of acti)2.932 F .422 -.15(ve j)-.25 H
-2.622(obs. If).15 F F3(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .121(is not present, and)2.932
-F .096(neither the)144
398.4 R F2<ad61>2.596 E F0 .096(nor the)2.596 F
-F2<ad72>2.596 E F0 .096(option is supplied, the)2.596 F F3(curr)2.596 E
-.096(ent job)-.37 F F0 .096(is used.)2.596 F .096(If the)5.096 F F2
+2.622(obs. If).15 F F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .122(is not present, and)2.932
+F .096(neither the)144
446.4 R F1<ad61>2.596 E F0 .096(nor the)2.596 F
+F1<ad72>2.596 E F0 .096(option is supplied, the)2.596 F F2(curr)2.596 E
+.096(ent job)-.37 F F0 .096(is used.)2.596 F .096(If the)5.096 F F1
<ad68>2.596 E F0 .096(option is gi)2.596 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .096(n, each)
-.15 F F3(jobspec)145.74 410.4 Q F0 .586(is not remo)3.396 F -.15(ve)-.15
-G 3.086(df).15 G .585(rom the table, b)-3.086 F .585(ut is mark)-.2 F
-.585(ed so that)-.1 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)3.085 E F0 .585
-(is not sent to the job if the)2.835 F .962(shell recei)144 422.4 R -.15
+.15 F F2(jobspec)145.74 458.4 Q F0 .585(is not remo)3.395 F -.15(ve)-.15
+G 3.085(df).15 G .585(rom the table, b)-3.085 F .585(ut is mark)-.2 F
+.585(ed so that)-.1 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)3.085 E F0 .586
+(is not sent to the job if the)2.835 F .962(shell recei)144 470.4 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.462(sa).15 G F4(SIGHUP)A/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .962
-(If no)5.462 F F3(jobspec)5.202 E F0 .962(is supplied, the)3.772 F F2
+(If no)5.462 F F2(jobspec)5.202 E F0 .962(is supplied, the)3.772 F F1
<ad61>3.462 E F0 .962(option means to remo)3.462 F 1.262 -.15(ve o)-.15
-H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.359(jobs; the)144 434.4 R F2
-<ad72>3.859 E F0 1.359(option without a)3.859 F F3(jobspec)5.599 E F0
-(ar)4.169 E 1.358(gument restricts operation to running jobs.)-.18 F
-1.358(The return)6.358 F -.25(va)144 446.4 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F3
+H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.358(jobs; the)144 482.4 R F1
+<ad72>3.858 E F0 1.358(option without a)3.858 F F2(jobspec)5.598 E F0
+(ar)4.169 E 1.359(gument restricts operation to running jobs.)-.18 F
+1.359(The return)6.359 F -.25(va)144 494.4 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F2
(jobspec)4.24 E F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job)-.25 E(.)-.4 E
-F2(echo)108 463.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F3(ar)-2.5 E(g)
--.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .424(Output the)144 475.2 R F3(ar)2.924 E(g)-.37 E
+F1(echo)108 511.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)
+-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .425(Output the)144 523.2 R F2(ar)2.925 E(g)-.37 E
F0 .424(s, separated by spaces, follo)B .424(wed by a ne)-.25 F 2.924
-(wline. The)-.25 F .424(return status is 0 unless a write)2.924 F .308
-(error occurs.)144 487.2 R(If)5.308 E F2<ad6e>2.808 E F0 .308
-(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)2.808 F .308(wline is suppressed.)-.25
-F .307(If the)5.308 F F2<ad65>2.807 E F0 .307(option is gi)2.807 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G .307(n, inter).15 F(-)-.2 E .197(pretation of the follo)144
-499.2 R .198(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The)
-5.198 E F2<ad45>2.698 E F0 .198(option disables the in-)2.698 F .067
-(terpretation of these escape characters, e)144 511.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
+(wline. The)-.25 F .424(return status is 0 unless a write)2.924 F .307
+(error occurs.)144 535.2 R(If)5.307 E F1<ad6e>2.807 E F0 .307
+(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)2.807 F .308(wline is suppressed.)-.25
+F .308(If the)5.308 F F1<ad65>2.808 E F0 .308(option is gi)2.808 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G .308(n, inter).15 F(-)-.2 E .198(pretation of the follo)144
+547.2 R .198(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The)
+5.198 E F1<ad45>2.698 E F0 .197(option disables the in-)2.697 F .067
+(terpretation of these escape characters, e)144 559.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.567(no).15 G 2.567(ns)-2.567 G .067(ystems where the)-2.567 F 2.567
-(ya)-.15 G .067(re interpreted by def)-2.567 F 2.567(ault. The)-.1 F F2
-(xpg_echo)144 523.2 Q F0 .601
-(shell option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)3.101
-F F2(echo)3.102 E F0 -.15(ex)3.102 G .602(pands these).15 F .659
-(escape characters by def)144 535.2 R(ault.)-.1 E F2(echo)5.659 E F0
-.659(does not interpret)3.159 F F2<adad>3.159 E F0 .659
-(to mean the end of options.)3.159 F F2(echo)5.658 E F0(inter)3.158 E(-)
--.2 E(prets the follo)144 547.2 Q(wing escape sequences:)-.25 E F2(\\a)
-144 559.2 Q F0(alert \(bell\))180 559.2 Q F2(\\b)144 571.2 Q F0
-(backspace)180 571.2 Q F2(\\c)144 583.2 Q F0(suppress further output)180
-583.2 Q F2(\\e)144 595.2 Q(\\E)144 607.2 Q F0(an escape character)180
-607.2 Q F2(\\f)144 619.2 Q F0(form feed)180 619.2 Q F2(\\n)144 631.2 Q
-F0(ne)180 631.2 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ine)-2.5 E F2(\\r)144 643.2 Q F0
-(carriage return)180 643.2 Q F2(\\t)144 655.2 Q F0(horizontal tab)180
-655.2 Q F2(\\v)144 667.2 Q F0 -.15(ve)180 667.2 S(rtical tab).15 E F2
-(\\\\)144 679.2 Q F0(backslash)180 679.2 Q F2(\\0)144 691.2 Q F3(nnn)A
-F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 691.2 Q(alue is the octal v)-.25
-E(alue)-.25 E F3(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F2
-(\\x)144 703.2 Q F3(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 703.2 Q
-(alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F3(HH)2.5 E F0
-(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(7)
-190.545 E 0 Cg EP
+(ya)-.15 G .067(re interpreted by def)-2.567 F 2.568(ault. The)-.1 F F1
+(xpg_echo)144 571.2 Q F0 .602
+(shell option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)3.102
+F F1(echo)3.101 E F0 -.15(ex)3.101 G .601(pands these).15 F .658
+(escape characters by def)144 583.2 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.658 E F0
+.659(does not interpret)3.159 F F1<adad>3.159 E F0 .659
+(to mean the end of options.)3.159 F F1(echo)5.659 E F0(inter)3.159 E(-)
+-.2 E(prets the follo)144 595.2 Q(wing escape sequences:)-.25 E F1(\\a)
+144 607.2 Q F0(alert \(bell\))180 607.2 Q F1(\\b)144 619.2 Q F0
+(backspace)180 619.2 Q F1(\\c)144 631.2 Q F0(suppress further output)180
+631.2 Q F1(\\e)144 643.2 Q(\\E)144 655.2 Q F0(an escape character)180
+655.2 Q F1(\\f)144 667.2 Q F0(form feed)180 667.2 Q F1(\\n)144 679.2 Q
+F0(ne)180 679.2 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ine)-2.5 E F1(\\r)144 691.2 Q F0
+(carriage return)180 691.2 Q F1(\\t)144 703.2 Q F0(horizontal tab)180
+703.2 Q F1(\\v)144 715.2 Q F0 -.15(ve)180 715.2 S(rtical tab).15 E
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2023 January 27)141.79 E(7)195.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 8 8
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\\u)144 84 Q/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(HHHH)A F0 1.506
-(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 96 R 1.507
-(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.507(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH)
-4.007 E F0(\(one to four he)180 108 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1
-(\\U)144 120 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .548
-(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 132 R .547
-(alue is the he)-.25 F .547(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-)
-3.047 E(HHH)180 144 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))
--2.5 E F1(enable)108 160.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad61>A F0 2.5(][)C F1
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\\\\)144 84 Q F0
+(backslash)180 84 Q F1(\\0)144 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(nnn)A F0
+(the eight-bit character whose v)180 96 Q(alue is the octal v)-.25 E
+(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F1
+(\\x)144 108 Q F2(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 108 Q
+(alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0
+(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1
+(\\u)144 120 Q F2(HHHH)A F0 1.507
+(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 132 R 1.506
+(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.506(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH)
+4.006 E F0(\(one to four he)180 144 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1
+(\\U)144 156 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .547
+(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 168 R .547
+(alue is the he)-.25 F .548(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-)
+3.048 E(HHH)180 180 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))
+-2.5 E F1(enable)108 196.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad61>A F0 2.5(][)C F1
(\255dnps)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad66>-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5
-(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .277(Enable and disable b)144 172.8 R
+(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .278(Enable and disable b)144 208.8 R
.278(uiltin shell commands.)-.2 F .278(Disabling a b)5.278 F .278
-(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .834
-(the same name as a shell b)144 184.8 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15
+(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .833
+(the same name as a shell b)144 220.8 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15
(xe)-.15 G .834(cuted without specifying a full pathname, e).15 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 3.333(nt).15 G(hough)-3.333 E .989
-(the shell normally searches for b)144 196.8 R .989
-(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F1<ad6e>3.489 E F0 .99
-(is used, each)3.49 F F2(name)3.49 E F0 .99(is dis-)3.49 F .649
-(abled; otherwise,)144 208.8 R F2(names)3.148 E F0 .648(are enabled.)
+(ve)-.25 G 3.334(nt).15 G(hough)-3.334 E .99
+(the shell normally searches for b)144 232.8 R .989
+(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F1<ad6e>3.489 E F0 .989
+(is used, each)3.489 F F2(name)3.489 E F0 .989(is dis-)3.489 F .648
+(abled; otherwise,)144 244.8 R F2(names)3.148 E F0 .648(are enabled.)
3.148 F -.15(Fo)5.648 G 3.148(re).15 G .648(xample, to use the)-3.298 F
F1(test)3.148 E F0 .648(binary found via the)3.148 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF -.666(PA)3.148 G(TH)-.189 E F0(in-)2.898 E .538(stead of the shell b)
-144 220.8 R .538(uiltin v)-.2 F .538(ersion, run)-.15 F/F4 10/Courier@0
+SF -.666(PA)3.148 G(TH)-.189 E F0(in-)2.899 E .539(stead of the shell b)
+144 256.8 R .538(uiltin v)-.2 F .538(ersion, run)-.15 F/F4 10/Courier@0
SF .538(enable -n test)3.038 F F0 5.538(.T)C(he)-5.538 E F1<ad66>3.038 E
-F0 .539(option means to load the ne)3.038 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 232.8 S
+F0 .538(option means to load the ne)3.038 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 268.8 S
1.365(iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.225 E F0 1.365(from shared object)
4.045 F F2(\214lename)5.775 E F0 3.865(,o).18 G 3.865(ns)-3.865 G 1.365
-(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-3.865 F .606(Bash will use the v)
-144 244.8 R .606(alue of the)-.25 F F1 -.3(BA)3.106 G(SH_LO).3 E(AD)-.4
+(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-3.865 F .607(Bash will use the v)
+144 280.8 R .606(alue of the)-.25 F F1 -.3(BA)3.106 G(SH_LO).3 E(AD)-.4
E(ABLES_P)-.35 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 -.25(va)3.106 G .606
-(riable as a colon-separated list of).25 F .549
-(directories in which to search for)144 256.8 R F2(\214lename)3.049 E F0
-5.549(.T)C .549(he def)-5.549 F .548(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 F
-(The)5.548 E F1<ad64>3.048 E F0 .548(option will)3.048 F .546
-(delete a b)144 268.8 R .546(uiltin pre)-.2 F .546(viously loaded with)
--.25 F F1<ad66>3.046 E F0 5.547(.I)C 3.047(fn)-5.547 G(o)-3.047 E F2
+(riable as a colon-separated list of).25 F .548
+(directories in which to search for)144 292.8 R F2(\214lename)3.048 E F0
+5.549(.T)C .549(he def)-5.549 F .549(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 F
+(The)5.549 E F1<ad64>3.049 E F0 .549(option will)3.049 F .547
+(delete a b)144 304.8 R .547(uiltin pre)-.2 F .547(viously loaded with)
+-.25 F F1<ad66>3.047 E F0 5.547(.I)C 3.047(fn)-5.547 G(o)-3.047 E F2
(name)3.047 E F0(ar)3.047 E .547(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.547(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is)3.047 F .546
-(supplied, a list of shell b)144 280.8 R .545(uiltins is printed.)-.2 F
--.4(Wi)5.545 G .545(th no other option ar).4 F .545
-(guments, the list consists of all)-.18 F .695(enabled shell b)144 292.8
+.546(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>3.046 E F0 .546(option is)3.046 F .545
+(supplied, a list of shell b)144 316.8 R .545(uiltins is printed.)-.2 F
+-.4(Wi)5.545 G .545(th no other option ar).4 F .546
+(guments, the list consists of all)-.18 F .695(enabled shell b)144 328.8
R 3.195(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>3.195 E F0 .695
(is supplied, only disabled b)3.195 F .695(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F
-(If)5.695 E F1<ad61>3.195 E F0 .695(is supplied, the)3.195 F .262
-(list printed includes all b)144 304.8 R .261
+(If)5.695 E F1<ad61>3.195 E F0 .695(is supplied, the)3.195 F .261
+(list printed includes all b)144 340.8 R .261
(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is enabled.)-.2 F
-(If)5.261 E F1<ad73>2.761 E F0 .261(is sup-)2.761 F .268
-(plied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)144 316.8 R F2(special)
-2.768 E F0 -.2(bu)2.768 G 2.768(iltins. If).2 F .269
-(no options are supplied and a)2.768 F F2(name)2.769 E F0 .285
-(is not a shell b)144 328.8 R(uiltin,)-.2 E F1(enable)2.784 E F0 .284
+(If)5.261 E F1<ad73>2.761 E F0 .262(is sup-)2.762 F .269
+(plied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)144 352.8 R F2(special)
+2.768 E F0 -.2(bu)2.768 G 2.768(iltins. If).2 F .268
+(no options are supplied and a)2.768 F F2(name)2.768 E F0 .284
+(is not a shell b)144 364.8 R(uiltin,)-.2 E F1(enable)2.784 E F0 .284
(will attempt to load)2.784 F F2(name)2.784 E F0 .284
-(from a shared object named)2.784 F F2(name)2.784 E F0 2.784(,a)C 2.784
-(si)-2.784 G 2.784(ft)-2.784 G(he)-2.784 E 1.41(command were)144 340.8 R
+(from a shared object named)2.784 F F2(name)2.785 E F0 2.785(,a)C 2.785
+(si)-2.785 G 2.785(ft)-2.785 G(he)-2.785 E 1.41(command were)144 376.8 R
F4 1.41(enable \255f)3.91 F F2 1.41(name name)3.91 F F0 6.41(.T)3.91 G
1.41(he return v)-6.41 F 1.41(alue is 0 unless a)-.25 F F2(name)4.27 E
-F0 1.41(is not a shell)4.09 F -.2(bu)144 352.8 S
+F0 1.41(is not a shell)4.09 F -.2(bu)144 388.8 S
(iltin or there is an error loading a ne).2 E 2.5(wb)-.25 G
-(uiltin from a shared object.)-2.7 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 369.6 T(l).15
-E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 381.6 Q F2(ar)3.171
-E(g)-.37 E F0 3.171(sa)C .671
-(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.171 F .67
-(This command is then read)5.67 F .478(and e)144 393.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.478(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .478
-(xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .479(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15
-(ev a)2.979 H(l).15 E F0 5.479(.I)C 2.979(ft)-5.479 G .479(here are no)
--2.979 F F2(ar)3.309 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 405.6 Q
+(uiltin from a shared object.)-2.7 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 405.6 T(l).15
+E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 417.6 Q F2(ar)3.17 E
+(g)-.37 E F0 3.17(sa)C .671
+(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.17 F .671
+(This command is then read)5.671 F .479(and e)144 429.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
+.479(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .479
+(xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .478(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15
+(ev a)2.978 H(l).15 E F0 5.478(.I)C 2.978(ft)-5.478 G .478(here are no)
+-2.978 F F2(ar)3.308 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 441.6 Q
(guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E F1
-(exec)108 4
22.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2
+(exec)108 4
58.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2
(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(command)-2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)
--.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 434.4 Q F2(command)3.006 E F0 .306
-(is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.576 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805
-(wp)-.25 G .305(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.305 E F2(ar)3.135 E
-(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.075 E .176(the ar)144 446.4 R .176
+-.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 470.4 Q F2(command)3.005 E F0 .305
+(is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.575 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805
+(wp)-.25 G .306(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.306 E F2(ar)3.136 E
+(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.076 E .177(the ar)144 482.4 R .177
(guments to)-.18 F F2(command)2.676 E F0 5.176(.I)C 2.676(ft)-5.176 G
(he)-2.676 E F1<ad6c>2.676 E F0 .176
-(option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .177
-(ginning of)-.15 F .48(the zeroth ar)144 458.4 R .48(gument passed to)
+(option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .176
+(ginning of)-.15 F .48(the zeroth ar)144 494.4 R .48(gument passed to)
-.18 F F2(command)3.18 E F0 5.48(.T).77 G .48(his is what)-5.48 F F2(lo)
3.07 E(gin)-.1 E F0 .48(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.48 E F1<ad63>2.98 E F0
-.48(option causes)2.98 F F2(com-)3.18 E(mand)144 470.4 Q F0 .638
-(to be e)3.908 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138
+.48(option causes)2.98 F F2(com-)3.18 E(mand)144 506.4 Q F0 .639
+(to be e)3.909 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138
(vironment. If)-.4 F F1<ad61>3.138 E F0 .638
-(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.499 E F0 .639(as the)
-3.319 F 1.078(zeroth ar)144 482.4 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15
+(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.498 E F0 .638(as the)
+3.318 F 1.077(zeroth ar)144 518.4 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15
(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted command.).15 F(If)6.077 E F2(command)3.777 E F0
1.077(cannot be e)4.347 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted for some reason, a)
-.15 F(non-interacti)144 494.4 Q .876 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .576(hell e).15 F
-.576(xits, unless the)-.15 F F1(execfail)3.076 E F0 .577
-(shell option is enabled.)3.077 F .577(In that case, it returns f)5.577
-F(ail-)-.1 E 3.32(ure. An)144 506.4 R(interacti)3.32 E 1.12 -.15(ve s)
+.15 F(non-interacti)144 530.4 Q .877 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .577(hell e).15 F
+.577(xits, unless the)-.15 F F1(execfail)3.077 E F0 .577
+(shell option is enabled.)3.077 F .576(In that case, it returns f)5.577
+F(ail-)-.1 E 3.32(ure. An)144 542.4 R(interacti)3.32 E 1.12 -.15(ve s)
-.25 H .82(hell returns f).15 F .82(ailure if the \214le cannot be e)-.1
F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.32(cuted. A).15 F .82(subshell e)3.32 F .82
-(xits uncondi-)-.15 F .287(tionally if)144 518.4 R F1(exec)2.787 E F0
--.1(fa)2.787 G 2.787(ils. If).1 F F2(command)2.987 E F0 .287
-(is not speci\214ed, an)3.557 F 2.788(yr)-.15 G .288(edirections tak)
--2.788 F 2.788(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-2.788 G .288(ect in the current shell,)
-.25 F(and the return status is 0.)144 530.4 Q
+(xits uncondi-)-.15 F .288(tionally if)144 554.4 R F1(exec)2.788 E F0
+-.1(fa)2.788 G 2.788(ils. If).1 F F2(command)2.988 E F0 .288
+(is not speci\214ed, an)3.558 F 2.787(yr)-.15 G .287(edirections tak)
+-2.787 F 2.787(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-2.787 G .287(ect in the current shell,)
+.25 F(and the return status is 0.)144 566.4 Q
(If there is a redirection error)5 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G
-(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 547.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
-(])A .096(Cause the shell to e)144 547.2 R .096(xit with a status of)
--.15 F F2(n)2.596 E F0 5.096(.I)C(f)-5.096 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .095
-(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .095(xit status is that of the last command)
--.15 F -.15(exe)144 559.2 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E F3(EXIT)2.5
+(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 583.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
+(])A .095(Cause the shell to e)144 583.2 R .095(xit with a status of)
+-.15 F F2(n)2.595 E F0 5.095(.I)C(f)-5.095 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .096
+(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .096(xit status is that of the last command)
+-.15 F -.15(exe)144 595.2 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E F3(EXIT)2.5
E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E
-F1(export)108 576 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F2(name)-2.5
-E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 588 Q F0
-.256(The supplied)144 600 R F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F
+F1(export)108 612 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F2(name)-2.5
+E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 624 Q F0
+.257(The supplied)144 636 R F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F
.257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F .257(xport to the en)-.15 F .257
-(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.627
-(commands. If)144 612 R(the)2.627 E F1<ad66>2.627 E F0 .127
+(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.626
+(commands. If)144 648 R(the)2.626 E F1<ad66>2.626 E F0 .127
(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the).15 F F2(names)2.987 E
F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no)5.127 F F2(names)2.987 E
-F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .12
6(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>
-144 624 Q F0 .048(option is supplied, a list of names of all e)2.547 F
+F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .12
7(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>
+144 660 Q F0 .048(option is supplied, a list of names of all e)2.548 F
.048(xported v)-.15 F .048(ariables is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.048 E F1
-<ad6e>2.548 E F0 .048(option causes the)2.548 F -.15(ex)144 636 S 1.447
+<ad6e>2.547 E F0 .047(option causes the)2.547 F -.15(ex)144 672 S 1.446
(port property to be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.947(df).15 G 1.447
(rom each)-3.947 F F2(name)3.947 E F0 6.447(.I)C 3.947(fav)-6.447 G
1.447(ariable name is follo)-4.197 F 1.447(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)
--.37 E F0 3.946(,t)C(he)-3.946 E -.25(va)144 648 S .741(lue of the v).25
-F .741(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)3.241 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1
-(export)5.741 E F0 .742(returns an e)3.242 F .742
-(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G .742(lid option is)
-.25 F .032(encountered, one of the)144 660 R F2(names)2.532 E F0 .032
-(is not a v)2.532 F .032(alid shell v)-.25 F .032(ariable name, or)-.25
-F F1<ad66>2.531 E F0 .031(is supplied with a)2.531 F F2(name)2.891 E F0
-(that)2.711 E(is not a function.)144 672 Q F1(fc)108 688.8 Q F0([)2.5 E
-F1<ad65>A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
-<8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(last)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(fc \255s)108
-700.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
-(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .431
-(The \214rst form selects a range of commands from)144 712.8 R F2<8c72>
-4.842 E(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.612 E F2(last)3.022 E F0 .432
-(from the history list and displays or)3.612 F .142(edits and re-e)144
-724.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .142(cutes them.).15 F F2 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs)
-.45 G(t).1 E F0(and)3.321 E F2(last)2.731 E F0 .141
-(may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command)3.321 F
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(8)
-190.545 E 0 Cg EP
+-.37 E F0 3.947(,t)C(he)-3.947 E -.25(va)144 684 S .742(lue of the v).25
+F .742(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)3.242 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1
+(export)5.742 E F0 .742(returns an e)3.242 F .741
+(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G .741(lid option is)
+.25 F .031(encountered, one of the)144 696 R F2(names)2.531 E F0 .031
+(is not a v)2.531 F .032(alid shell v)-.25 F .032(ariable name, or)-.25
+F F1<ad66>2.532 E F0 .032(is supplied with a)2.532 F F2(name)2.892 E F0
+(that)2.712 E(is not a function.)144 708 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
+(2023 January 27)141.79 E(8)195.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 9 9
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(be)144 84 Q .31
-(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde)-.15 F 2.811(xi)
--.15 G .311(nto the history list, where a ne)-2.811 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti)
-.05 E .611 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E .071(is used as an of)144 96 R
-.071(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F .071
-(When listing, a)5.071 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF<8c72>2.571 E(st)-.1 E
-F0(or)2.571 E F1(last)2.571 E F0 .071(of 0 is equi)2.571 F -.25(va)-.25
-G(-).25 E .653(lent to \2551 and \2550 is equi)144 108 R -.25(va)-.25 G
-.653(lent to the current command \(usually the).25 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(fc)3.153 E F0 .653(command\); otherwise 0 is)3.153 F(equi)144 120 Q
--.25(va)-.25 G .242(lent to \2551 and \2550 is in).25 F -.25(va)-.4 G
-2.742(lid. If).25 F F1(last)2.832 E F0 .242
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(fc)108 84 Q F0([)2.5
+E F1<ad65>A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)
+-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(last)-2.5 E F0
+(])A F1(fc \255s)108 96 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37
+E F0 2.5(][)C F2(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .432
+(The \214rst form selects a range of commands from)144 108 R F2<8c72>
+4.842 E(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.612 E F2(last)3.022 E F0 .431
+(from the history list and displays or)3.612 F .141(edits and re-e)144
+120 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .141(cutes them.).15 F F2 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs)
+.45 G(t).1 E F0(and)3.321 E F2(last)2.731 E F0 .141
+(may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command)3.321 F(be)
+144 132 Q .311(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde)-.15
+F 2.811(xi)-.15 G .31(nto the history list, where a ne)-2.811 F -.05(ga)
+-.15 G(ti).05 E .61 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E .071(is used as an of)
+144 144 R .071(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F .071
+(When listing, a)5.071 F F2<8c72>2.571 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)2.571 E F2(last)
+2.571 E F0 .071(of 0 is equi)2.571 F -.25(va)-.25 G(-).25 E .653
+(lent to \2551 and \2550 is equi)144 156 R -.25(va)-.25 G .653
+(lent to the current command \(usually the).25 F F1(fc)3.153 E F0 .653
+(command\); otherwise 0 is)3.153 F(equi)144 168 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .242
+(lent to \2551 and \2550 is in).25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 2.742(lid. If).25 F
+F2(last)2.832 E F0 .242
(is not speci\214ed, it is set to the current command for list-)3.422 F
-.092(ing \(so that)144 132 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .092(fc \255l \25510)
-2.592 F F0 .093(prints the last 10 commands\) and to)2.592 F F1<8c72>
-4.503 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.593(otherwise. If)3.273 F F1<8c72>4.503 E(st)-.1 E
-F0 .093(is not speci-)3.273 F(\214ed, it is set to the pre)144 144 Q
-(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 168 Q
+.093(ing \(so that)144 180 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .093(fc \255l \25510)
+2.593 F F0 .093(prints the last 10 commands\) and to)2.593 F F2<8c72>
+4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.592(otherwise. If)3.272 F F2<8c72>4.502 E(st)-.1 E
+F0 .092(is not speci-)3.272 F(\214ed, it is set to the pre)144 192 Q
+(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 216 Q
(option suppresses the command numbers when listing.)2.522 F(The)5.022 E
-F
2<ad72>2.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022
-(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 180 R .438(If the)5.438
-F F
2<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438
+F
1<ad72>2.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022
+(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 228 R .438(If the)5.438
+F F
1<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438
(n, the commands are listed on standard output.).15 F(Otherwise,)5.438 E
-.335(the editor gi)144 192 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E F1
-(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is in)3.015 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835(do)
+.334(the editor gi)144 240 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.834(nb).15 G(y)-2.834 E F2
+(ename)3.024 E F0 .335(is in)3.014 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835(do)
.1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835 F
-(If)5.334 E F1(ename)3.024 E F0 .334(is not gi)3.014 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(n,).15 E .63(the v)144 204 R .63(alue of the)-.25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 -.25(va)2.88 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F
-.631(alue of)-.25 F F4(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F4(FCEDIT)
-3.131 E F0 .631(is not set.)2.881 F .631(If nei-)5.631 F .006(ther v)144
-216 R .006(ariable is set,)-.25 F F1(vi)4.171 E F0 .005(is used.)4.171 F
-.005(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and e)
-5.005 F(x-)-.15 E(ecuted.)144 228 Q .788(In the second form,)144 252 R
-F1(command)3.288 E F0 .788(is re-e)3.288 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .788
-(cuted after each instance of).15 F F1(pat)3.288 E F0 .788
-(is replaced by)3.288 F F1 -.37(re)3.289 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F1(Com-)5.789
-E(mand)144 264 Q F0 .172(is interpreted the same as)2.672 F F1<8c72>
-2.672 E(st)-.1 E F0(abo)2.672 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.172(.A).15 G .171
-(useful alias to use with this is)-2.5 F F3 .171(r='fc \255s')2.671 F F0
-2.671(,s)C 2.671(ot)-2.671 G(hat)-2.671 E(typing)144 276 Q F3 7.165(rc)
-3.665 G(c)-7.165 E F0 1.165(runs the last command be)3.665 F 1.166
-(ginning with)-.15 F F3(cc)3.666 E F0 1.166(and typing)3.666 F F3(r)
-3.666 E F0(re-e)3.666 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.166(cutes the last com-).15 F
-(mand.)144 288 Q .142(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 312
+(If)5.335 E F2(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is not gi)3.015 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+(n,).15 E .631(the v)144 252 R .631(alue of the)-.25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0
+SF(FCEDIT)3.131 E F0 -.25(va)2.881 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25
+F .631(alue of)-.25 F F4(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F4
+(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 .63(is not set.)2.88 F .63(If nei-)5.63 F .005(ther v)
+144 264 R .005(ariable is set,)-.25 F F2(vi)4.171 E F0 .005(is used.)
+4.171 F .005
+(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and e)5.005 F
+(x-)-.15 E(ecuted.)144 276 Q .789(In the second form,)144 300 R F2
+(command)3.288 E F0 .788(is re-e)3.288 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .788
+(cuted after each instance of).15 F F2(pat)3.288 E F0 .788
+(is replaced by)3.288 F F2 -.37(re)3.288 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F2(Com-)5.788
+E(mand)144 312 Q F0 .171(is interpreted the same as)2.671 F F2<8c72>
+2.671 E(st)-.1 E F0(abo)2.671 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.171(.A).15 G .172
+(useful alias to use with this is)-2.499 F F3 .172(r='fc \255s')2.672 F
+F0 2.672(,s)C 2.672(ot)-2.672 G(hat)-2.672 E(typing)144 324 Q F3 7.166
+(rc)3.666 G(c)-7.166 E F0 1.166(runs the last command be)3.666 F 1.166
+(ginning with)-.15 F F3(cc)3.666 E F0 1.165(and typing)3.666 F F3(r)
+3.665 E F0(re-e)3.665 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.165(cutes the last com-).15 F
+(mand.)144 336 Q .142(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 360
R .142(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142
-(lid option is encountered or).25 F F1<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322
-E F1(last)2.732 E F0 .454(specify history lines out of range.)144 324 R
-.454(If the)5.454 F F
2<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454
-(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .455(alue is the v)-.25 F .455
-(alue of the)-.25 F .788(last command e)144 336 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .788
-(cuted or f).15 F .787
+(lid option is encountered or).25 F F2<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322
+E F2(last)2.732 E F0 .455(specify history lines out of range.)144 372 R
+.454(If the)5.454 F F
1<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454
+(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .454(alue is the v)-.25 F .454
+(alue of the)-.25 F .787(last command e)144 384 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .787
+(cuted or f).15 F .788
(ailure if an error occurs with the temporary \214le of commands.)-.1 F
-.787(If the)5.787 F 1.135
+.788(If the)5.788 F 1.136
(second form is used, the return status is that of the command re-e)144
-348 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.136(cuted, unless).15 F F1(cmd)3.836 E F0 1.136
-(does not)4.406 F(specify a v)144 360 Q
-(alid history line, in which case)-.25 E F2(fc)2.5 E F0(returns f)2.5 E
-(ailure.)-.1 E F2(fg)108 376.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume)
-144 388.8 Q F1(jobspec)5.654 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.224 F 1.413
+396 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.135(cuted, unless).15 F F2(cmd)3.835 E F0 1.135
+(does not)4.405 F(specify a v)144 408 Q
+(alid history line, in which case)-.25 E F1(fc)2.5 E F0(returns f)2.5 E
+(ailure.)-.1 E F1(fg)108 424.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume)
+144 436.8 Q F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.223 F 1.413
(ground, and mak)-.15 F 3.913(ei)-.1 G 3.913(tt)-3.913 G 1.413
-(he current job)-3.913 F 6.413(.I)-.4 G(f)-6.413 E F1(jobspec)5.653 E F0
-1.413(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 400.8 Q 3.116(sn)-.55 G
-.616(otion of the)-3.116 F F1(curr)3.116 E .616(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617
-(is used.)3.116 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .617
-(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 412.8 Q
-.363(ground, or f)-.15 F .363
-(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .362
-(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F1(jobspec)145.74 424.8 Q
-F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job or)-.25 E F1(jobspec)4.24 E F0
+(he current job)-3.913 F 6.413(.I)-.4 G(f)-6.413 E F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0
+1.414(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 448.8 Q 3.117(sn)-.55 G
+.617(otion of the)-3.117 F F2(curr)3.117 E .617(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617
+(is used.)3.117 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .616
+(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 460.8 Q
+.362(ground, or f)-.15 F .362
+(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .363
+(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F2(jobspec)145.74 472.8 Q
+F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job or)-.25 E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0
(speci\214es a job that w)2.81 E(as started without job control.)-.1 E
-F2(getopts)108 441.6 Q F1(optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A 2.5
-(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(getopts)144 453.6 Q F0 .793
-(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.293 F F1
-(optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .15
-(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 465.6 R .149
-(wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .149(xpected to ha)-.15 F .449
--.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 477.6 Q .578
-(gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .579
+F1(getopts)108 489.6 Q F2(optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5
+(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(getopts)144 501.6 Q F0 .793
+(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.294 F F2
+(optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .149
+(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 513.6 R .15
+(wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .15(xpected to ha)-.15 F .45
+-.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 525.6 Q .579
+(gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .578
(The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E .636
-(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 489.6 R .636
-(Each time it is in)5.636 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F2(getopts)
-3.136 E F0 .636(places the ne)3.136 F .635(xt op-)-.15 F .029
-(tion in the shell v)144 501.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F1(name)2.889 E F0 2.529
-(,i).18 G(nitializing)-2.529 E F1(name)2.889 E F0 .029(if it does not e)
-2.709 F .03(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 2.53(xo)-.15 G 2.53(ft)-2.53 G .03
-(he ne)-2.53 F .03(xt ar)-.15 F(gu-)-.18 E .066
-(ment to be processed into the v)144 513.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPTIND)
-2.566 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F4(OPTIND)4.566 E F0 .065
+(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 537.6 R .636
+(Each time it is in)5.636 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F1(getopts)
+3.136 E F0 .636(places the ne)3.136 F .636(xt op-)-.15 F .03
+(tion in the shell v)144 549.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(name)2.89 E F0 2.53
+(,i).18 G(nitializing)-2.53 E F2(name)2.89 E F0 .029(if it does not e)
+2.71 F .029(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 2.529(xo)-.15 G 2.529(ft)-2.529 G
+.029(he ne)-2.529 F .029(xt ar)-.15 F(gu-)-.18 E .065
+(ment to be processed into the v)144 561.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPTIND)
+2.565 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F4(OPTIND)4.565 E F0 .066
(is initialized to 1 each time the shell or a)2.315 F .885
-(shell script is in)144 525.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.385(d. When)
-.1 F .885(an option requires an ar)3.385 F(gument,)-.18 E F2(getopts)
-3.385 E F0 .885(places that ar)3.385 F .885(gument into)-.18 F .567
-(the v)144 537.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPT)3.067 E(ARG)-.81 E F5(.)A F0
-.566(The shell does not reset)5.067 F F4(OPTIND)3.066 E F0 .566
-(automatically; it must be manually reset)2.816 F .389
-(between multiple calls to)144 549.6 R F2(getopts)2.889 E F0 .389
-(within the same shell in)2.889 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .39(cation if a ne).2 F
-2.89(ws)-.25 G .39(et of parameters is to)-2.89 F(be used.)144 561.6 Q
-2.044(When the end of options is encountered,)144 585.6 R F2(getopts)
-4.543 E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.043
-(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F4(OPTIND)144 597.6 Q F0
+(shell script is in)144 573.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.385(d. When)
+.1 F .885(an option requires an ar)3.385 F(gument,)-.18 E F1(getopts)
+3.385 E F0 .885(places that ar)3.385 F .885(gument into)-.18 F .566
+(the v)144 585.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPT)3.066 E(ARG)-.81 E F5(.)A F0
+.566(The shell does not reset)5.066 F F4(OPTIND)3.066 E F0 .567
+(automatically; it must be manually reset)2.816 F .39
+(between multiple calls to)144 597.6 R F1(getopts)2.89 E F0 .39
+(within the same shell in)2.89 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .389(cation if a ne).2 F
+2.889(ws)-.25 G .389(et of parameters is to)-2.889 F(be used.)144 609.6
+Q 2.043(When the end of options is encountered,)144 633.6 R F1(getopts)
+4.543 E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.044
+(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F4(OPTIND)144 645.6 Q F0
(is set to the inde)2.25 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G
-(he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F1(name)2.5 E F0
-(is set to ?.)2.5 E F2(getopts)144 621.6 Q F0 .485
+(he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F2(name)2.5 E F0
+(is set to ?.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 669.6 Q F0 .485
(normally parses the positional parameters, b)2.985 F .485
-(ut if more ar)-.2 F .485(guments are supplied as)-.18 F F1(ar)3.315 E
-(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(va)3.205 G(l-).25 E(ues,)144 633.6 Q F2(getopts)2.5 E
-F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F2(getopts)144 657.6 Q F0 .345
+(ut if more ar)-.2 F .485(guments are supplied as)-.18 F F2(ar)3.315 E
+(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(va)3.205 G(l-).25 E(ues,)144 681.6 Q F1(getopts)2.5 E
+F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 705.6 Q F0 .345
(can report errors in tw)2.845 F 2.845(ow)-.1 G 2.845(ays. If)-2.945 F
-.345(the \214rst character of)2.845 F F1(optstring)3.075 E F0 .345
-(is a colon,)3.065 F F1(silent)3.185 E F0 .345(error re-)3.525 F 1.668
-(porting is used.)144 669.6 R 1.668
-(In normal operation, diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.668 F
--.25(va)-.4 G 1.669(lid options or).25 F .394(missing option ar)144
-681.6 R .394(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F
+.345(the \214rst character of)2.845 F F2(optstring)3.075 E F0 .345
+(is a colon,)3.065 F F2(silent)3.185 E F0 .345(error re-)3.525 F 1.669
+(porting is used.)144 717.6 R 1.668
+(In normal operation, diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.669 F
+-.25(va)-.4 G 1.668(lid options or).25 F .393(missing option ar)144
+729.6 R .393(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F
(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPTERR)2.894 E F0 .394
-(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F(will be displayed, e)144 693.6 Q
--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214rst character of)-2.5 E
-F1(optstring)2.73 E F0(is not a colon.)2.72 E .666(If an in)144 717.6 R
--.25(va)-.4 G .666(lid option is seen,).25 F F2(getopts)3.166 E F0 .667
-(places ? into)3.167 F F1(name)3.527 E F0 .667
-(and, if not silent, prints an error message)3.347 F .4(and unsets)144
-729.6 R F4(OPT)2.9 E(ARG)-.81 E F5(.)A F0(If)4.899 E F2(getopts)2.899 E
-F0 .399(is silent, the option character found is placed in)2.899 F F4
-(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .399(and no)2.649 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
-(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(9)190.545 E 0 Cg EP
+(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
+(2023 January 27)141.79 E(9)195.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 10 10
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(diagnostic message is printed.)144 84 Q
-1.241(If a required ar)144 108 R 1.241(gument is not found, and)-.18 F
-/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(getopts)3.741 E F0 1.241
-(is not silent, a question mark \()3.741 F F1(?).833 E F0 3.742(\)i).833
-G 3.742(sp)-3.742 G 1.242(laced in)-3.742 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
-(name)144.36 120 Q F0(,).18 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(OPT)2.714 E(ARG)-.81
-E F0 .213(is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.463 F(If)
-5.213 E F1(getopts)2.713 E F0 .213(is silent, then a colon \()2.713 F F1
-(:).833 E F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 132 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(and)2.68
-E F3(OPT)2.5 E(ARG)-.81 E F0(is set to the option character found.)2.25
-E F1(getopts)144 156 Q F0 .902
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(will be displayed, e)144 84 Q -.15(ve)-.25
+G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214rst character of)-2.5 E/F1 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(optstring)2.73 E F0(is not a colon.)2.72 E .667
+(If an in)144 108 R -.25(va)-.4 G .667(lid option is seen,).25 F/F2 10
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(getopts)3.167 E F0 .667(places ? into)3.167 F F1(name)
+3.527 E F0 .666(and, if not silent, prints an error message)3.347 F .399
+(and unsets)144 120 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E/F4 9
+/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If)4.899 E F2(getopts)2.899 E F0 .399
+(is silent, the option character found is placed in)2.899 F F3(OPT)2.899
+E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .4(and no)2.65 F(diagnostic message is printed.)144 132
+Q 1.242(If a required ar)144 156 R 1.242(gument is not found, and)-.18 F
+F2(getopts)3.741 E F0 1.241(is not silent, a question mark \()3.741 F F2
+(?).833 E F0 3.741(\)i).833 G 3.741(sp)-3.741 G 1.241(laced in)-3.741 F
+F1(name)144.36 168 Q F0(,).18 E F3(OPT)2.713 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .213
+(is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.463 F(If)5.213 E F2
+(getopts)2.713 E F0 .213(is silent, then a colon \()2.713 F F2(:).833 E
+F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 180 Q F1(name)2.86 E F0(and)2.68 E F3(OPT)
+2.5 E(ARG)-.81 E F0(is set to the option character found.)2.25 E F2
+(getopts)144 204 Q F0 .902
(returns true if an option, speci\214ed or unspeci\214ed, is found.)
-3.401 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .902(alse if the end of)-.1 F
-(options is encountered or an error occurs.)144 168 Q F1(hash)108 184.8
-Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lr)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E
-F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255dt)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .858
-(Each time)144 196.8 R F1(hash)3.358 E F0 .858(is in)3.358 F -.2(vo)-.4
-G -.1(ke).2 G .858(d, the full pathname of the command).1 F F2(name)
+3.402 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .901(alse if the end of)-.1 F
+(options is encountered or an error occurs.)144 216 Q F2(hash)108 232.8
+Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255lr)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad70>-2.5 E F1(\214lename)2.5 E
+F0 2.5(][)C F2(\255dt)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .858
+(Each time)144 244.8 R F2(hash)3.358 E F0 .858(is in)3.358 F -.2(vo)-.4
+G -.1(ke).2 G .858(d, the full pathname of the command).1 F F1(name)
3.718 E F0 .858(is determined by searching)3.538 F .956
-(the directories in)144 208.8 R F1($P)3.456 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0
+(the directories in)144 256.8 R F2($P)3.456 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0
.956(and remembered.)3.456 F(An)5.956 E 3.456(yp)-.15 G(re)-3.456 E .956
-(viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .243(If the)144 220.8
-R F1<ad70>2.743 E F0 .243
-(option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.743 F F2
-(\214lename)4.653 E F0 .242(is used as the full \214lename)2.923 F .615
-(of the command.)144 2
32.8 R(The)5.615 E F1<ad72>3.115 E F0 .615
+(viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .242(If the)144 268.8
+R F2<ad70>2.742 E F0 .243
+(option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.742 F F1
+(\214lename)4.653 E F0 .243(is used as the full \214lename)2.923 F .615
+(of the command.)144 2
80.8 R(The)5.615 E F2<ad72>3.115 E F0 .615
(option causes the shell to for)3.115 F .615
-(get all remembered locations.)-.18 F(The)5.615 E F
1<ad64>3.115 E F0
-(op-)3.115 E .294(tion causes the shell to for)144 244.8 R .294
-(get the remembered location of each)-.18 F F2(name)2.793 E F0 5.293(.I)
-C 2.793(ft)-5.293 G(he)-2.793 E F1<ad74>2.793 E F0 .293
-(option is supplied,)2.793 F .028(the full pathname to which each)144
-256.8 R F2(name)2.528 E F0 .028(corresponds is printed.)2.528 F .028
-(If multiple)5.028 F F2(name)2.528 E F0(ar)2.528 E .028
-(guments are sup-)-.18 F .176(plied with)144 268.8 R F1<ad74>2.676 E F0
-2.676(,t)C(he)-2.676 E F2(name)2.676 E F0 .175
-(is printed before the hashed full pathname.)2.676 F(The)5.175 E F1
-<ad6c>2.675 E F0 .175(option causes output to)2.675 F .783
-(be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)144 280.8 R .783
+(get all remembered locations.)-.18 F(The)5.615 E F
2<ad64>3.115 E F0
+(op-)3.115 E .293(tion causes the shell to for)144 292.8 R .293
+(get the remembered location of each)-.18 F F1(name)2.794 E F0 5.294(.I)
+C 2.794(ft)-5.294 G(he)-2.794 E F2<ad74>2.794 E F0 .294
+(option is supplied,)2.794 F .028(the full pathname to which each)144
+304.8 R F1(name)2.528 E F0 .028(corresponds is printed.)2.528 F .028
+(If multiple)5.028 F F1(name)2.528 E F0(ar)2.528 E .028
+(guments are sup-)-.18 F .175(plied with)144 316.8 R F2<ad74>2.675 E F0
+2.675(,t)C(he)-2.675 E F1(name)2.675 E F0 .175
+(is printed before the hashed full pathname.)2.675 F(The)5.175 E F2
+<ad6c>2.676 E F0 .176(option causes output to)2.676 F .783
+(be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)144 328.8 R .783
(If no ar)5.783 F .783(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .783
-(n, or if only).15 F F
1<ad6c>3.283 E F0(is)3.283 E .807
-(supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)144 292.8 R
-.807(The return status is true unless a)5.807 F F2(name)144.36 304.8 Q
+(n, or if only).15 F F
2<ad6c>3.283 E F0(is)3.283 E .807
+(supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)144 340.8 R
+.807(The return status is true unless a)5.807 F F1(name)144.36 352.8 Q
F0(is not found or an in)2.68 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is supplied.)
-.25 E F1(help)108 321.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F2
-(pattern)-2.5 E F0(])A .866(Display helpful information about b)144
-333.6 R .867(uiltin commands.)-.2 F(If)5.867 E F2(pattern)4.617 E F0
-.867(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F1(help)3.367 E F0(gi)3.367 E -.15(ve)-.25
-G 3.367(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.367 E .224(help on all commands matching)144
-345.6 R F2(pattern)3.974 E F0 2.723(;o).24 G .223
-(therwise help for all the b)-2.723 F .223
-(uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 357.6 Q F1
-<ad64>144 369.6 Q F0(Display a short description of each)180 369.6 Q F2
-(pattern)2.5 E F1<ad6d>144 381.6 Q F0(Display the description of each)
-180 381.6 Q F2(pattern)2.5 E F0(in a manpage-lik)2.5 E 2.5(ef)-.1 G
-(ormat)-2.5 E F1<ad73>144 393.6 Q F0
-(Display only a short usage synopsis for each)180 393.6 Q F2(pattern)2.5
-E F0(The return status is 0 unless no command matches)144 410.4 Q F2
-(pattern)3.75 E F0(.).24 E F1(history [)108 427.2 Q F2(n)A F1(])A
-(history \255c)108 439.2 Q(history \255d)108 451.2 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)
--.18 E F1(history \255d)108 463.2 Q F2(start)2.5 E F0<ad>A F2(end)A F1
-(history \255anrw)108 475.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\214lename)A F0(])A F1
-(history \255p)108 487.2 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5
-(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(history \255s)108 499.2 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)
--.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.4(Wi)144
-511.2 S .752
+.25 E F2(help)108 369.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F1
+(pattern)-2.5 E F0(])A .867(Display helpful information about b)144
+381.6 R .867(uiltin commands.)-.2 F(If)5.867 E F1(pattern)4.617 E F0
+.866(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F2(help)3.366 E F0(gi)3.366 E -.15(ve)-.25
+G 3.366(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.366 E .223(help on all commands matching)144
+393.6 R F1(pattern)3.973 E F0 2.723(;o).24 G .223
+(therwise help for all the b)-2.723 F .224
+(uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 405.6 Q F2
+<ad64>144 417.6 Q F0(Display a short description of each)180 417.6 Q F1
+(pattern)2.5 E F2<ad6d>144 429.6 Q F0(Display the description of each)
+180 429.6 Q F1(pattern)2.5 E F0(in a manpage-lik)2.5 E 2.5(ef)-.1 G
+(ormat)-2.5 E F2<ad73>144 441.6 Q F0
+(Display only a short usage synopsis for each)180 441.6 Q F1(pattern)2.5
+E F0(The return status is 0 unless no command matches)144 458.4 Q F1
+(pattern)3.75 E F0(.).24 E F2(history [)108 475.2 Q F1(n)A F2(])A
+(history \255c)108 487.2 Q(history \255d)108 499.2 Q F1(of)2.5 E(fset)
+-.18 E F2(history \255d)108 511.2 Q F1(start)2.5 E F0(-)A F1(end)A F2
+(history \255anrw)108 523.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\214lename)A F0(])A F2
+(history \255p)108 535.2 Q F1(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A 2.5
+(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(history \255s)108 547.2 Q F1(ar)2.5 E(g)
+-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A 2.5(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.4(Wi)144
+559.2 S .752
(th no options, display the command history list with line numbers.).4 F
-.752(Lines listed with a)5.752 F F1(*)3.252 E F0(ha)3.252 E -.15(ve)-.2
-G .381(been modi\214ed.)144 523.2 R .38(An ar)5.38 F .38(gument of)-.18
-F F2(n)3.24 E F0 .38(lists only the last)3.12 F F2(n)3.24 E F0 2.88
+.752(Lines listed with a)5.752 F F2(*)3.251 E F0(ha)3.251 E -.15(ve)-.2
+G .38(been modi\214ed.)144 571.2 R .38(An ar)5.38 F .38(gument of)-.18 F
+F1(n)3.24 E F0 .38(lists only the last)3.12 F F1(n)3.24 E F0 2.88
(lines. If)3.12 F .38(the shell v)2.88 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(HISTTIMEFOR-)
-2.88 E(MA)144 535.2 Q(T)-.855 E F0 .264
-(is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.514 F F2
-(strftime)2.765 E F0 .265(\(3\) to display the time stamp asso-)B 1.02
-(ciated with each displayed history entry)144 547.2 R 6.019(.N)-.65 G
+2.881 E(MA)144 583.2 Q(T)-.855 E F0 .265
+(is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.515 F F1
+(strftime)2.764 E F0 .264(\(3\) to display the time stamp asso-)B 1.019
+(ciated with each displayed history entry)144 595.2 R 6.019(.N)-.65 G
3.519(oi)-6.019 G(nterv)-3.519 E 1.019
(ening blank is printed between the formatted)-.15 F .176
-(time stamp and the history line.)144 559.2 R(If)5.176 E F2(\214lename)
+(time stamp and the history line.)144 607.2 R(If)5.176 E F1(\214lename)
2.676 E F0 .176
(is supplied, it is used as the name of the history \214le; if)2.676 F
-(not, the v)144 571.2 Q(alue of)-.25 E F3(HISTFILE)2.5 E F0(is used.)
+(not, the v)144 619.2 Q(alue of)-.25 E F3(HISTFILE)2.5 E F0(is used.)
2.25 E(Options, if supplied, ha)5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
-(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad63>144 583.2 Q F0
-(Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.)180 583.2 Q F1
-<ad64>144 595.2 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .39
-(Delete the history entry at position)180 607.2 R F2(of)2.889 E(fset)
--.18 E F0 5.389(.I)C(f)-5.389 E F2(of)2.889 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .389(is ne)
-2.889 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.889(,i).15 G 2.889(ti)
--2.889 G 2.889(si)-2.889 G .389(nterpreted as relati)-2.889 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G .598(to one greater than the last history position, so ne)180
-619.2 R -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .899 -.15(ve i)-.25 H .599
-(ndices count back from the end).15 F(of the history)180 631.2 Q 2.5(,a)
+(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad63>144 631.2 Q F0
+(Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.)180 631.2 Q F2
+<ad64>144 643.2 Q F1(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .389
+(Delete the history entry at position)180 655.2 R F1(of)2.889 E(fset)
+-.18 E F0 5.389(.I)C(f)-5.389 E F1(of)2.889 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .389(is ne)
+2.889 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.89(,i).15 G 2.89(ti)
+-2.89 G 2.89(si)-2.89 G .39(nterpreted as relati)-2.89 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+.599(to one greater than the last history position, so ne)180 667.2 R
+-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .899 -.15(ve i)-.25 H .598
+(ndices count back from the end).15 F(of the history)180 679.2 Q 2.5(,a)
-.65 G(nd an inde)-2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5<66ad>-2.5 G 2.5(1r)-2.5 G
-(efers to the current)-2.5 E F1(history -d)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F1
-<ad64>144 643.2 Q F2(start)2.5 E F0<ad>A F2(end)A F0 1.25
-(Delete the range of history entries between positions)180 655.2 R F2
-(start)3.75 E F0(and)3.75 E F2(end)3.75 E F0 3.75(,i)C(nclusi)-3.75 E
+(efers to the current)-2.5 E F2(history -d)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F2
+<ad64>144 691.2 Q F1(start)2.5 E F0<ad>A F1(end)A F0 1.25
+(Delete the range of history entries between positions)180 703.2 R F1
+(start)3.75 E F0(and)3.75 E F1(end)3.75 E F0 3.75(,i)C(nclusi)-3.75 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 6.25(.P).15 G(ositi)-6.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(and ne)180
-667.2 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .3 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(alues for)-.1 E F2
-(start)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F2(end)2.5 E F0
-(are interpreted as described abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1<ad61>
-144 679.2 Q F0 .564(Append the `)180 679.2 R(`ne)-.74 E(w')-.25 E 3.064
-('h)-.74 G .564(istory lines to the history \214le.)-3.064 F .565
-(These are history lines entered since)5.564 F(the be)180 691.2 Q
-(ginning of the current)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(session, b)2.5 E
-(ut not already appended to the history \214le.)-.2 E F1<ad6e>144 703.2
-Q F0 .854(Read the history lines not already read from the history \214\
-le into the current history list.)180 703.2 R .772
-(These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 715.2 R
-.773(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)3.273 E F0(ses-)3.273 E
-(sion.)180 727.2 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15
-G(mber 22).15 E(10)185.545 E 0 Cg EP
+715.2 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .3 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(alues for)-.1 E F1
+(start)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(end)2.5 E F0
+(are interpreted as described abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2023 January 27)141.79 E(10)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 11 11
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad72>144 84 Q F0(Rea\
-d the contents of the history \214le and append them to the current his\
-tory list.)180 84 Q F1<ad77>144 96 Q F0
-(Write the current history list to the history \214le, o)180 96 Q -.15
-(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the history \214le').15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G(ontents.)
--2.5 E F1<ad70>144 108 Q F0 .626
-(Perform history substitution on the follo)180 108 R(wing)-.25 E/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .625
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad61>144 84 Q F0 .565
+(Append the `)180 84 R(`ne)-.74 E(w')-.25 E 3.065('h)-.74 G .564
+(istory lines to the history \214le.)-3.065 F .564
+(These are history lines entered since)5.564 F(the be)180 96 Q
+(ginning of the current)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(session, b)2.5 E
+(ut not already appended to the history \214le.)-.2 E F1<ad6e>144 108 Q
+F0 .854(Read the history lines not already read from the history \214le\
+ into the current history list.)180 108 R .773
+(These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 120 R
+.772(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)3.272 E F0(ses-)3.272 E
+(sion.)180 132 Q F1<ad72>144 144 Q F0(Read the contents of the history \
+\214le and append them to the current history list.)180 144 Q F1<ad77>
+144 156 Q F0(Write the current history list to the history \214le, o)180
+156 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the history \214le').15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G
+(ontents.)-2.5 E F1<ad70>144 168 Q F0 .625
+(Perform history substitution on the follo)180 168 R(wing)-.25 E/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .626
(and display the result on the standard)3.125 F 2.975(output. Does)180
-120 R .475(not store the results in the history list.)2.975 F(Each)5.475
+180 R .475(not store the results in the history list.)2.975 F(Each)5.475
E F2(ar)2.975 E(g)-.37 E F0 .475(must be quoted to disable)2.975 F
-(normal history e)180 132 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1<ad73>144 144 Q F0 .363
-(Store the)180 144 R F2(ar)3.193 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363
-(in the history list as a single entry)3.133 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .362
-(he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 156 Q -.15(ve)
+(normal history e)180 192 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1<ad73>144 204 Q F0 .362
+(Store the)180 204 R F2(ar)3.192 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363
+(in the history list as a single entry)3.132 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .363
+(he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 216 Q -.15(ve)
-.15 G 2.5(db).15 G(efore the)-2.5 E F2(ar)2.83 E(gs)-.37 E F0
-(are added.)2.77 E .145(If the)144 172.8 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
+(are added.)2.77 E .146(If the)144 232.8 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.645 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.395 G .145
(riable is set, the time stamp information associated with each history)
-.25 F .669(entry is written to the history \214le, mark)144 184.8 R .669
-(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.668(.W)-.55 G .668
-(hen the history)-5.668 F .955(\214le is read, lines be)144 196.8 R .956
-(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F .956
-(wed immediately by a digit)-.25 F .833
-(are interpreted as timestamps for the follo)144 208.8 R .833
-(wing history entry)-.25 F 5.832(.T)-.65 G .832(he return v)-5.832 F
-.832(alue is 0 unless an in-)-.25 F -.25(va)144 220.8 S .168(lid option\
+.25 F .668(entry is written to the history \214le, mark)144 244.8 R .669
+(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.669(.W)-.55 G .669
+(hen the history)-5.669 F .956(\214le is read, lines be)144 256.8 R .956
+(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F .955
+(wed immediately by a digit)-.25 F .832
+(are interpreted as timestamps for the follo)144 268.8 R .832
+(wing history entry)-.25 F 5.833(.T)-.65 G .833(he return v)-5.833 F
+.833(alue is 0 unless an in-)-.25 F -.25(va)144 280.8 S .168(lid option\
is encountered, an error occurs while reading or writing the history \
-\214le, an in).25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(of)2.669 E(f-)-.18 E(set)
-144 232.8 Q F0 .341(or range is supplied as an ar)2.841 F .341
-(gument to)-.18 F F1<ad64>2.841 E F0 2.841(,o)C 2.84(rt)-2.841 G .34
-(he history e)-2.84 F .34(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15 F .34
-(gument to)-.18 F F1<ad70>144 244.8 Q F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(jobs)
-108 261.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)A F0(... ])
-2.5 E F1(jobs \255x)108 273.6 Q F2(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E
-(gs)-.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 285.6 Q .3
+\214le, an in).25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(of)2.668 E(f-)-.18 E(set)
+144 292.8 Q F0 .34(or range is supplied as an ar)2.84 F .34(gument to)
+-.18 F F1<ad64>2.841 E F0 2.841(,o)C 2.841(rt)-2.841 G .341
+(he history e)-2.841 F .341(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15 F .341
+(gument to)-.18 F F1<ad70>144 304.8 Q F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(jobs)
+108 321.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)A F0(... ])
+2.5 E F1(jobs \255x)108 333.6 Q F2(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E
+(gs)-.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 345.6 Q .3
-.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.5(obs. The).15 F(options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
-(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 297.6 Q F0
-(List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)180 297.6 Q F1
-<ad6e>144 309.6 Q F0 .193(Display information only about jobs that ha)
-180 309.6 R .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .194(hanged status since the user w).15
-F .19
4(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 321.6 Q F1<ad70>
-144 333.6 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')180 333.6 Q 2.5(sp)
--.55 G(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad72>144 345.6 Q F0
-(Display only running jobs.)180 345.6 Q F1<ad73>144 357.6 Q F0
-(Display only stopped jobs.)180 357.6 Q(If)144 374.4 Q F2(jobspec)4.554
-E F0 .314(is gi)3.124 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .314
-(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.313(.T)
--.4 G .313(he return status is 0 unless)-5.313 F(an in)144 386.4 Q -.25
+(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 357.6 Q F0
+(List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)180 357.6 Q F1
+<ad6e>144 369.6 Q F0 .194(Display information only about jobs that ha)
+180 369.6 R .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .193(hanged status since the user w).15
+F .19
3(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 381.6 Q F1<ad70>
+144 393.6 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')180 393.6 Q 2.5(sp)
+-.55 G(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad72>144 405.6 Q F0
+(Display only running jobs.)180 405.6 Q F1<ad73>144 417.6 Q F0
+(Display only stopped jobs.)180 417.6 Q(If)144 434.4 Q F2(jobspec)4.553
+E F0 .313(is gi)3.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313
+(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.314(.T)
+-.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(an in)144 446.4 Q -.25
(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered or an in).25 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25
-E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .394(If the)144 403.2 R F1
-<ad78>2.894 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F1(jobs)2.894 E F0
+E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .395(If the)144 463.2 R F1
+<ad78>2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F1(jobs)2.894 E F0
.394(replaces an)2.894 F(y)-.15 E F2(jobspec)4.634 E F0 .394(found in)
-3.204 F F2(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F2(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .395
-(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 415.2 Q
+3.204 F F2(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F2(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .394
+(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 475.2 Q
-.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F2(command)2.7 E F0(passing it)3.27 E F2(ar)
2.83 E(gs)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r).27 G(eturning its e)-2.5 E(xit status.)-.15
-E F1(kill)108 4
32 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad73>A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1
+E F1(kill)108 4
92 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad73>A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1
<ad6e>2.5 E F2(signum)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1<ad>2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0 2.5
(][)C F2(pid)-2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F2(jobspec)2.5 E F0 2.5(].)C(..)-2.5 E F1
-(kill \255l)108
444 Q F0(|)A F1<ad4c>A F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5
+(kill \255l)108
504 Q F0(|)A F1<ad4c>A F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5
E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(it_status).2 E F0(])A .017(Send the signal named by)
-144 456 R F2(sigspec)2.857 E F0(or)2.827 E F2(signum)2.857 E F0 .017
+144 516 R F2(sigspec)2.857 E F0(or)2.827 E F2(signum)2.857 E F0 .017
(to the processes named by)2.837 F F2(pid)3.767 E F0(or)3.287 E F2
-(jobspec)4.257 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.357 E F0(is)2.827 E .318
-(either a case-insensiti)144 468 R .618 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .318
-(ignal name such as).15 F F3(SIGKILL)2.818 E F0 .319
-(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.819 E F0 .319
-(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.569 F(number;)144 480 Q F2(signum)3.268 E F0
+(jobspec)4.257 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.357 E F0(is)2.828 E .319
+(either a case-insensiti)144 528 R .619 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .319
+(ignal name such as).15 F F3(SIGKILL)2.819 E F0 .318
+(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.818 E F0 .318
+(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.568 F(number;)144 540 Q F2(signum)3.267 E F0
.427(is a signal number)3.247 F 5.427(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.427 E F2(sigspec)
3.267 E F0 .427(is not present, then)3.237 F F3(SIGTERM)2.927 E F0 .427
-(is assumed.)2.677 F .427(An ar)5.427 F(-)-.2 E .313(gument of)144 492 R
-F1<ad6c>2.813 E F0 .314(lists the signal names.)2.814 F .314(If an)5.314
+(is assumed.)2.677 F .428(An ar)5.427 F(-)-.2 E .314(gument of)144 552 R
+F1<ad6c>2.814 E F0 .314(lists the signal names.)2.814 F .314(If an)5.314
F 2.814(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-2.814 G .314(uments are supplied when).18 F
-F1<ad6c>2.814 E F0 .314(is gi)2.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .314
-(n, the names of).15 F .12(the signals corresponding to the ar)144 504 R
-.119(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.119 E
-F2 -.2(ex)2.619 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)2.619 E(-)-.2 E .799(gument to)
-144 516 R F1<ad6c>3.299 E F0 .799
-(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)3.299 F .8
-(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .963(nated by a signal.)144 528 R
+F1<ad6c>2.814 E F0 .314(is gi)2.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313
+(n, the names of).15 F .119(the signals corresponding to the ar)144 564
+R .119(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.12 E
+F2 -.2(ex)2.62 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)2.62 E(-)-.2 E .8(gument to)144
+576 R F1<ad6c>3.3 E F0 .8
+(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)3.3 F .799
+(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .962(nated by a signal.)144 588 R
(The)5.962 E F1<ad4c>3.462 E F0 .962(option is equi)3.462 F -.25(va)-.25
G .962(lent to).25 F F1<ad6c>3.462 E F0(.)A F1(kill)5.962 E F0 .962
(returns true if at least one signal w)3.462 F(as)-.1 E
-(successfully sent, or f)144 540 Q(alse if an error occurs or an in)-.1
-E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25 E F1(let)108 556.8 Q F2
+(successfully sent, or f)144 600 Q(alse if an error occurs or an in)-.1
+E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25 E F1(let)108 616.8 Q F2
(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Each)144
-568.8 Q F2(ar)5.817 E(g)-.37 E F0 2.987(is an arithmetic e)5.707 F 2.987
+628.8 Q F2(ar)5.818 E(g)-.37 E F0 2.987(is an arithmetic e)5.707 F 2.987
(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 2.987(luated \(see).25 F F3
2.987(ARITHMETIC EV)5.487 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0
-(in)5.238 E F2(bash\(1\))144 580.8 Q F0 2.5(\). If)B(the last)2.5 E F2
+(in)5.237 E F2(bash\(1\))144 640.8 Q F0 2.5(\). If)B(the last)2.5 E F2
(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)2.72 G(luates to 0,).25 E F1(let)2.5 E
-F0(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)2.5 E F1(local)108 597.6 Q F0([)
+F0(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)2.5 E F1(local)108 657.6 Q F0([)
2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5
-(].)C(.. | \255 ])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 609.6 S 2.542(re).15 G .042(ach ar)
--2.542 F .042(gument, a local v)-.18 F .042(ariable named)-.25 F F2
+(].)C(.. | \255 ])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 669.6 S 2.541(re).15 G .041(ach ar)
+-2.541 F .042(gument, a local v)-.18 F .042(ariable named)-.25 F F2
(name)2.902 E F0 .042(is created, and assigned)2.722 F F2(value)2.832 E
-F0 5.042(.T).18 G(he)-5.042 E F2(option)2.542 E F0 .041(can be)2.541 F
-(an)144 621.6 Q 3.152(yo)-.15 G 3.152(ft)-3.152 G .652
-(he options accepted by)-3.152 F F1(declar)3.152 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)
-C(hen)-5.652 E F1(local)3.152 E F0 .653
+F0 5.042(.T).18 G(he)-5.042 E F2(option)2.542 E F0 .042(can be)2.542 F
+(an)144 681.6 Q 3.153(yo)-.15 G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653
+(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F1(declar)3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)
+C(hen)-5.652 E F1(local)3.152 E F0 .652
(is used within a function, it causes the v)3.152 F(ari-)-.25 E(able)144
-633.6 Q F2(name)3.282 E F0 .422(to ha)3.102 F .722 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H
+693.6 Q F2(name)3.281 E F0 .421(to ha)3.101 F .721 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H
.422(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F
-(If)5.421 E F2(name)2.921 E F0 .421(is \255, the set)2.921 F .509
-(of shell options is made local to the function in which)144 645.6 R F1
-(local)3.01 E F0 .51(is in)3.01 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .51
-(d: shell options changed us-).1 F 1.171(ing the)144 657.6 R F1(set)
-3.671 E F0 -.2(bu)3.671 G 1.171
-(iltin inside the function are restored to their original v).2 F 1.17
-(alues when the function re-)-.25 F 3.38(turns. The)144 669.6 R .88
-(restore is ef)3.38 F .88(fected as if a series of)-.25 F F1(set)3.381 E
-F0 .881(commands were e)3.381 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .881
-(cuted to restore the v).15 F(alues)-.25 E .788
-(that were in place before the function.)144 681.6 R -.4(Wi)5.788 G .788
-(th no operands,).4 F F1(local)3.288 E F0 .787(writes a list of local v)
-3.288 F .787(ariables to)-.25 F .654(the standard output.)144 693.6 R
-.654(It is an error to use)5.654 F F1(local)3.154 E F0 .654
-(when not within a function.)3.154 F .655(The return status is 0)5.654 F
-(unless)144 705.6 Q F1(local)2.5 E F0(is used outside a function, an in)
-2.5 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is supplied, or)2.68 E
-F2(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72
-768 Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(11)185.545 E 0 Cg
-EP
+(If)5.422 E F2(name)2.922 E F0 .422(is \255, the set)2.922 F .51
+(of shell options is made local to the function in which)144 705.6 R F1
+(local)3.009 E F0 .509(is in)3.009 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .509
+(d: shell options changed us-).1 F 1.281(ing the)144 717.6 R F1(set)
+3.781 E F0 -.2(bu)3.781 G 1.281
+(iltin inside the function after the call to).2 F F1(local)3.781 E F0
+1.282(are restored to their original v)3.781 F(alues)-.25 E .278
+(when the function returns.)144 729.6 R .278(The restore is ef)5.278 F
+.278(fected as if a series of)-.25 F F1(set)2.777 E F0 .277
+(commands were e)2.777 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .277(cuted to).15 F
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2023 January 27)141.79 E(11)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 12 12
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(logout)108 84 Q F0
-(Exit a login shell.)144 84 Q F1(map\214le)108 100.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
-<ad64>A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6e>-2.5 E
-F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad4f>-2.5 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1
-<ad73>-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .69(restore the v)144 84 R .69
+(alues that were in place before the function.)-.25 F -.4(Wi)5.69 G .69
+(th no operands,).4 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(local)3.19 E F0 .69
+(writes a list of)3.19 F .567(local v)144 96 R .566
+(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F .566(It is an error to use)
+5.566 F F1(local)3.066 E F0 .566(when not within a function.)3.066 F
+(The)5.566 E .425(return status is 0 unless)144 108 R F1(local)2.925 E
+F0 .425(is used outside a function, an in)2.925 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25
+E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)3.285 E F0 .426(is supplied, or)3.105 F
+F2(name)2.926 E F0 .426(is a)2.926 F(readonly v)144 120 Q(ariable.)-.25
+E F1(logout)108 136.8 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)144 136.8 Q F1(map\214le)
+108 153.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad64>A F2(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6e>-2.5
+E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad4f>-2.5 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
+F1<ad73>-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1
<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2(callbac)2.5 E(k)
-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad63>-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(arr)
--2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A F1 -.18(re)108 112.8 S(adarray).18 E F0([)2.5 E
+-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A F1 -.18(re)108 165.6 S(adarray).18 E F0([)2.5 E
F1<ad64>A F2(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6e>-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0
2.5(][)C F1<ad4f>-2.5 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad73>-2.5 E F2
(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2
(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)
C F1<ad63>-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0
-(])A .159(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 124.8 R
+(])A .159(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 177.6 R
-.15(xe)-.15 G 2.659(da).15 G .159(rray v)-2.659 F(ariable)-.25 E F2
(arr)2.989 E(ay)-.15 E F0 2.659(,o).32 G 2.658(rf)-2.659 G .158
-(rom \214le descriptor)-2.658 F F2(fd)4.628 E F0 1.248(if the)144 136.8
+(rom \214le descriptor)-2.658 F F2(fd)4.628 E F0 1.248(if the)144 189.6
R F1<ad75>3.748 E F0 1.248(option is supplied.)3.748 F 1.249(The v)6.249
F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249
(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 E F2(arr)3.749 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.249(.O)C
-1.249(ptions, if supplied,)-6.249 F(ha)144 148.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
-(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad64>144 160.8 Q F0 .911
-(The \214rst character of)180 160.8 R F2(delim)3.411 E F0 .911
+1.249(ptions, if supplied,)-6.249 F(ha)144 201.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
+(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad64>144 213.6 Q F0 .911
+(The \214rst character of)180 213.6 R F2(delim)3.411 E F0 .911
(is used to terminate each input line, rather than ne)3.411 F 3.41
-(wline. If)-.25 F F2(delim)180 172.8 Q F0(is the empty string,)2.5 E F1
+(wline. If)-.25 F F2(delim)180 225.6 Q F0(is the empty string,)2.5 E F1
(map\214le)2.5 E F0(will terminate a line when it reads a NUL character)
-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad6e>144 184.8 Q F0(Cop)180 184.8 Q 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5
+2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad6e>144 237.6 Q F0(Cop)180 237.6 Q 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5
(tm)-2.5 G(ost)-2.5 E F2(count)2.7 E F0 2.5(lines. If)3.18 F F2(count)
-2.5 E F0(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F1<ad4f>144 196.8 Q F0(Be)180
-196.8 Q(gin assigning to)-.15 E F2(arr)2.83 E(ay)-.15 E F0(at inde)2.82
+2.5 E F0(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F1<ad4f>144 249.6 Q F0(Be)180
+249.6 Q(gin assigning to)-.15 E F2(arr)2.83 E(ay)-.15 E F0(at inde)2.82
E(x)-.15 E F2(origin)2.73 E F0 5(.T).24 G(he def)-5 E(ault inde)-.1 E
-2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F1<ad73>144 208.8 Q F0
-(Discard the \214rst)180 208.8 Q F2(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F1
-<ad74>144 220.8 Q F0(Remo)180 220.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing).15
+2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F1<ad73>144 261.6 Q F0
+(Discard the \214rst)180 261.6 Q F2(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F1
+<ad74>144 273.6 Q F0(Remo)180 273.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing).15
E F2(delim)2.5 E F0(\(def)2.5 E(ault ne)-.1 E
-(wline\) from each line read.)-.25 E F1<ad75>144 232.8 Q F0
-(Read lines from \214le descriptor)180 232.8 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0
-(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F1<ad43>144 244.8 Q F0(Ev)180
-244.8 Q(aluate)-.25 E F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E F2
+(wline\) from each line read.)-.25 E F1<ad75>144 285.6 Q F0
+(Read lines from \214le descriptor)180 285.6 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0
+(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F1<ad43>144 297.6 Q F0(Ev)180
+297.6 Q(aluate)-.25 E F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E F2
(quantum)2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F1<ad63>2.5 E F0
-(option speci\214es)2.5 E F2(quantum)2.75 E F0(.).32 E F1<ad63>144 256.8
-Q F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)180 256.8 Q
-F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144
273.6 Q F1<ad43>2.967 E F0
+(option speci\214es)2.5 E F2(quantum)2.75 E F0(.).32 E F1<ad63>144 309.6
+Q F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)180 309.6 Q
+F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144
326.4 Q F1<ad43>2.967 E F0
.467(is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F1<ad63>2.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467
(he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F2
(callbac)2.967 E(k)-.2 E F0 .467(is e)2.967 F -.25(va)-.25 G .467
-(luated, it is sup-).25 F .262(plied the inde)144 285.6 R 2.762(xo)-.15
+(luated, it is sup-).25 F .262(plied the inde)144 338.4 R 2.762(xo)-.15
G 2.762(ft)-2.762 G .262(he ne)-2.762 F .261(xt array element to be ass\
igned and the line to be assigned to that element)-.15 F .274
-(as additional ar)144 297.6 R(guments.)-.18 E F2(callbac)5.274 E(k)-.2 E
+(as additional ar)144 350.4 R(guments.)-.18 E F2(callbac)5.274 E(k)-.2 E
F0 .274(is e)2.774 F -.25(va)-.25 G .274
(luated after the line is read b).25 F .275
-(ut before the array element is)-.2 F(assigned.)144 309.6 Q
-(If not supplied with an e)144 326.4 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F1
+(ut before the array element is)-.2 F(assigned.)144 362.4 Q
+(If not supplied with an e)144 379.2 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F1
(map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0
-(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F1(map\214le)144 343.2 Q F0 .797
+(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F1(map\214le)144 396 Q F0 .797
(returns successfully unless an in)3.298 F -.25(va)-.4 G .797
(lid option or option ar).25 F .797(gument is supplied,)-.18 F F2(arr)
-3.297 E(ay)-.15 E F0 .797(is in-)3.297 F -.25(va)144 355.2 S
+3.297 E(ay)-.15 E F0 .797(is in-)3.297 F -.25(va)144 408 S
(lid or unassignable, or if).25 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0
(is not an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E
-F1(popd)108 372 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0
-2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 384 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.091(se)
-.15 G .591(ntries from the directory stack.)-3.091 F .592
+F1(popd)108 424.8 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0
+2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 436.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.091
+(se).15 G .591(ntries from the directory stack.)-3.091 F .592
(The elements are numbered from 0 starting at the \214rst)5.591 F .665
-(directory listed by)144 396 R F1(dirs)3.165 E F0 5.665(.W)C .665
+(directory listed by)144 448.8 R F1(dirs)3.165 E F0 5.665(.W)C .665
(ith no ar)-6.065 F(guments,)-.18 E F1(popd)3.165 E F0(remo)3.165 E -.15
(ve)-.15 G 3.165(st).15 G .664(he top directory from the stack, and)
--3.165 F(changes to the ne)144 408 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G(op directory)-2.5 E 5
-(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-5 G(uments, if supplied, ha).18 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
-(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6e>144 420 Q F0 .551
-(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)180 420 R .551
+-3.165 F(changes to the ne)144 460.8 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G(op directory)-2.5 E
+5(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-5 G(uments, if supplied, ha).18 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2
+H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6e>144 472.8 Q F0 .551
+(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)180 472.8 R .551
(ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F
-(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 432 Q F1(+)144 444 Q F2(n)A F0
-(Remo)180 444 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F2(n)2.64 E F0
-.14(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B .14(wn by)-.25 F
-F1(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero,)-2.64 F .779
-(from the stack.)180 456 R -.15(Fo)5.779 G 3.279(re).15 G(xample:)-3.429
-E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .779(popd +0)3.279 F F0(remo)3.279 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
-3.279(st).15 G .779(he \214rst directory)-3.279 F(,)-.65 E F4 .78
-(popd +1)3.28 F F0 .78(the sec-)3.28 F(ond.)180 468 Q F1<ad>144 480 Q F2
-(n)A F0(Remo)180 480 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.76(st).15 G(he)-3.76 E F2(n)3.76
-E F0 1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.259
-(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)3.759 E F0 3.759(,s)C 1.259(tarting with)-3.759 F
-2.5(zero. F)180 492 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F4(popd -0)2.5 E F0
-(remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65
-E F4(popd -1)2.5 E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .093
+(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 484.8 Q F1(+)144 496.8 Q F2(n)A
+F0(Remo)180 496.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F2(n)2.64 E
+F0 .14(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B .14(wn by)-.25
+F F1(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero,)-2.64 F .779
+(from the stack.)180 508.8 R -.15(Fo)5.779 G 3.279(re).15 G(xample:)
+-3.429 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .779(popd +0)3.279 F F0(remo)3.279 E -.15
+(ve)-.15 G 3.279(st).15 G .779(he \214rst directory)-3.279 F(,)-.65 E F4
+.78(popd +1)3.28 F F0 .78(the sec-)3.28 F(ond.)180 520.8 Q F1<ad>144
+532.8 Q F2(n)A F0(Remo)180 532.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.76(st).15 G(he)-3.76
+E F2(n)3.76 E F0 1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)
+B 1.259(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)3.759 E F0 3.759(,s)C 1.259(tarting with)
+-3.759 F 2.5(zero. F)180 544.8 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F4(popd -0)
+2.5 E F0(remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E
+(,)-.65 E F4(popd -1)2.5 E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .093
(If the top element of the directory stack is modi\214ed, and the)144
-508.8 R F2(-n)2.593 E F0 .094(option w)2.594 F .094(as not supplied,)-.1
-F F1(popd)2.594 E F0(uses)2.594 E(the)144 520.8 Q F1(cd)2.697 E F0 -.2
+561.6 R F2(-n)2.593 E F0 .094(option w)2.594 F .094(as not supplied,)-.1
+F F1(popd)2.594 E F0(uses)2.594 E(the)144 573.6 Q F1(cd)2.697 E F0 -.2
(bu)2.697 G .196
(iltin to change to the directory at the top of the stack.).2 F .196
(If the)5.196 F F1(cd)2.696 E F0 -.1(fa)2.696 G(ils,).1 E F1(popd)2.696
-E F0 .196(returns a non-)2.696 F(zero v)144 532.8 Q(alue.)-.25 E
-(Otherwise,)144 549.6 Q F1(popd)2.67 E F0 .17(returns f)2.67 F .17
+E F0 .196(returns a non-)2.696 F(zero v)144 585.6 Q(alue.)-.25 E
+(Otherwise,)144 602.4 Q F1(popd)2.67 E F0 .17(returns f)2.67 F .17
(alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .171
(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.671(,o)
--.65 G 2.671(ra)-2.671 G(non-e)144 561.6 Q
+-.65 G 2.671(ra)-2.671 G(non-e)144 614.4 Q
(xistent directory stack entry is speci\214ed.)-.15 E 1.556(If the)144
-578.4 R F1(popd)4.056 E F0 1.556(command is successful, bash runs)4.056
+631.2 R F1(popd)4.056 E F0 1.556(command is successful, bash runs)4.056
F F1(dirs)4.056 E F0 1.556(to sho)4.056 F 4.055(wt)-.25 G 1.555
(he \214nal contents of the directory)-4.055 F
-(stack, and the return status is 0.)144 590.4 Q F1(printf)108 607.2 Q F0
+(stack, and the return status is 0.)144 643.2 Q F1(printf)108 660 Q F0
([)2.5 E F1<ad76>A F2(var)2.5 E F0(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)
-A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .357(Write the formatted)144 619.2 R F2(ar)2.857
-E(guments)-.37 E F0 .357
-(to the standard output under the control of the)2.857 F F2(format)2.858
-E F0 5.358(.T)C(he)-5.358 E F1<ad76>2.858 E F0(op-)2.858 E .714
-(tion causes the output to be assigned to the v)144 631.2 R(ariable)-.25
-E F2(var)3.214 E F0 .714(rather than being printed to the standard)3.214
-F(output.)144 643.2 Q(The)144 667.2 Q F2(format)3.017 E F0 .517(is a ch\
-aracter string which contains three types of objects: plain characters,\
- which are)3.017 F .704(simply copied to standard output, character esc\
-ape sequences, which are con)144 679.2 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .703
-(rted and copied to).15 F .036(the standard output, and format speci\
-\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 691.2 R .037
-(xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F2(ar)144 703.2 Q(gument)-.37 E F0
-5.532(.I)C 3.032(na)-5.532 G .532(ddition to the standard)-3.032 F F2
-(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B F1(printf)3.031
-E F0 .531(interprets the follo)3.031 F(w-)-.25 E(ing e)144 715.2 Q
-(xtensions:)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15
-G(mber 22).15 E(12)185.545 E 0 Cg EP
+A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .357(Write the formatted)144 672 R F2(ar)2.857 E
+(guments)-.37 E F0 .357(to the standard output under the control of the)
+2.857 F F2(format)2.858 E F0 5.358(.T)C(he)-5.358 E F1<ad76>2.858 E F0
+(op-)2.858 E .714(tion causes the output to be assigned to the v)144 684
+R(ariable)-.25 E F2(var)3.214 E F0 .714
+(rather than being printed to the standard)3.214 F(output.)144 696 Q
+(The)144 720 Q F2(format)3.017 E F0 .517(is a character string which co\
+ntains three types of objects: plain characters, which are)3.017 F
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2023 January 27)141.79 E(12)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 13 13
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(%b)144 84 Q F0
-(causes)180 84 Q F1(printf)2.595 E F0 .096(to e)2.595 F .096
-(xpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding)-.15 F/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)2.596 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .096(in the)2.596 F
-(same w)180 96 Q(ay as)-.1 E F1(echo \255e)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(%q)144 108 Q
-F0(causes)180 108 Q F1(printf)2.51 E F0 .01(to output the corresponding)
-2.51 F F2(ar)2.51 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .01
-(in a format that can be reused as shell)2.51 F(input.)180 120 Q F1(%Q)
-144 132 Q F0(lik)180 132 Q(e)-.1 E F1(%q)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C
-(ut applies an)-2.7 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G(upplied precision to the)-2.5 E F2
-(ar)2.5 E(gument)-.37 E F0(before quoting it.)2.5 E F1(%\()144 144 Q F2
-(datefmt)A F1(\)T)A F0(causes)180 156 Q F1(printf)4.403 E F0 1.904
-(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.403 F F2(datefmt)
-4.404 E F0 1.904(as a format)4.404 F .381(string for)180 168 R F2
-(strftime)2.881 E F0 2.881(\(3\). The)B(corresponding)2.881 E F2(ar)
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .704(simply copied to standard output, cha\
+racter escape sequences, which are con)144 84 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .703
+(rted and copied to).15 F .036(the standard output, and format speci\
+\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 96 R .037
+(xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)144 108 Q
+(gument)-.37 E F0 5.028(.I)C 2.528(na)-5.028 G .027
+(ddition to the standard)-2.528 F F1(printf)2.527 E F0 .027
+(\(3\) format characters)B/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(csndiouxXeEfFgGaA)2.527
+E F0(,)A F2(printf)2.527 E F0(in-)2.527 E(terprets the follo)144 120 Q
+(wing additional format speci\214ers:)-.25 E F2(%b)144 132 Q F0(causes)
+180 132 Q F2(printf)2.595 E F0 .096(to e)2.595 F .096
+(xpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding)-.15 F F1(ar)
+2.596 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .096(in the)2.596 F(same w)180 144 Q(ay as)-.1
+E F2(echo \255e)2.5 E F0(.)A F2(%q)144 156 Q F0(causes)180 156 Q F2
+(printf)2.51 E F0 .01(to output the corresponding)2.51 F F1(ar)2.51 E
+(gument)-.37 E F0 .01(in a format that can be reused as shell)2.51 F
+(input.)180 168 Q F2(%q)5.514 E F0(and)3.014 E F2(%Q)3.014 E F0 .514
+(use the)3.014 F F2($')3.014 E(')-.63 E F0 .514(quoting style if an)
+3.014 F 3.015(yc)-.15 G .515(haracters in the ar)-3.015 F .515
+(gument string re-)-.18 F 1.286
+(quire it, and backslash quoting otherwise.)180 180 R 1.285
+(If the format string uses the)6.285 F F1(printf)3.785 E F0(alternate)
+3.785 E(form, these tw)180 192 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G(ormats quote the ar)-2.5 E
+(gument string using single quotes.)-.18 E F2(%Q)144 204 Q F0(lik)180
+204 Q(e)-.1 E F2(%q)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut applies an)-2.7 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G
+(upplied precision to the)-2.5 E F1(ar)2.5 E(gument)-.37 E F0
+(before quoting it.)2.5 E F2(%\()144 216 Q F1(datefmt)A F2(\)T)A F0
+(causes)180 228 Q F2(printf)4.403 E F0 1.904
+(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.403 F F1(datefmt)
+4.404 E F0 1.904(as a format)4.404 F .381(string for)180 240 R F1
+(strftime)2.881 E F0 2.881(\(3\). The)B(corresponding)2.881 E F1(ar)
2.881 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .381(is an inte)2.881 F .381
(ger representing the number)-.15 F .292(of seconds since the epoch.)180
-180 R -1 -.8(Tw o)5.293 H .293(special ar)3.593 F .293(gument v)-.18 F
+252 R -1 -.8(Tw o)5.293 H .293(special ar)3.593 F .293(gument v)-.18 F
.293(alues may be used: \2551 represents the)-.25 F .694
-(current time, and \2552 represents the time the shell w)180 192 R .693
+(current time, and \2552 represents the time the shell w)180 264 R .693
(as in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.193(d. If).1 F .693(no ar)3.193
-F .693(gument is speci-)-.18 F .21(\214ed, con)180 204 R -.15(ve)-.4 G
+F .693(gument is speci-)-.18 F .21(\214ed, con)180 276 R -.15(ve)-.4 G
.21(rsion beha).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.71(sa).15 G 2.71(si)-2.71 G 2.71
<66ad>-2.71 G 2.71(1h)-2.71 G .21(ad been gi)-2.71 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.71
-(n. This).15 F .21(is an e)2.71 F .21(xception to the usual)-.15 F F1
-(printf)2.71 E F0(beha)180 216 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E .902
-(The %b, %q, and %T directi)144 232.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.401(sa).15 G
-.901(ll use the \214eld width and precision ar)-3.401 F .901
-(guments from the format)-.18 F .357(speci\214cation and write that man)
-144 244.8 R 2.857(yb)-.15 G .358
-(ytes from \(or use that wide a \214eld for\) the e)-2.857 F .358
-(xpanded ar)-.15 F(gument,)-.18 E
-(which usually contains more characters than the original.)144 256.8 Q
-(Ar)144 273.6 Q .464(guments to non-string format speci\214ers are trea\
-ted as C constants, e)-.18 F .463(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F
-1.258(minus sign is allo)144 285.6 R 1.259
+(n. This).15 F .21(is an e)2.71 F .21(xception to the usual)-.15 F F2
+(printf)2.71 E F0(beha)180 288 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E .946(The %b, %q, a\
+nd %T format speci\214ers all use the \214eld width and precision ar)144
+304.8 R .945(guments from the)-.18 F .338
+(format speci\214cation and write that man)144 316.8 R 2.838(yb)-.15 G
+.338(ytes from \(or use that wide a \214eld for\) the e)-2.838 F .339
+(xpanded ar)-.15 F(-)-.2 E
+(gument, which usually contains more characters than the original.)144
+328.8 Q(The %n format speci\214er accepts a corresponding ar)144 345.6 Q
+(gument that is treated as a shell v)-.18 E(ariable name.)-.25 E .394
+(The %s and %c format speci\214ers accept an l \(long\) modi\214er)144
+362.4 R 2.893(,w)-.4 G .393(hich forces them to con)-2.893 F -.15(ve)-.4
+G .393(rt the ar).15 F(-)-.2 E .32
+(gument string to a wide-character string and apply an)144 374.4 R 2.821
+(ys)-.15 G .321(upplied \214eld width and precision in terms)-2.821 F
+(of characters, not bytes.)144 386.4 Q(Ar)144 403.2 Q .464(guments to n\
+on-string format speci\214ers are treated as C constants, e)-.18 F .463
+(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F 1.258(minus sign is allo)144 415.2
+R 1.259
(wed, and if the leading character is a single or double quote, the v)
--.25 F 1.259(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 297.6 Q(alue of the follo)
--.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 314.4 Q F2(format)2.515 E
-F0 .015(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)2.515 F F2(ar)2.515
-E(guments)-.37 E F0 5.015(.I)C 2.514(ft)-5.015 G(he)-2.514 E F2(format)
-2.514 E F0 .014(requires more)2.514 F F2(ar)2.514 E(-)-.2 E(guments)144
-326.4 Q F0 .565(than are supplied, the e)3.065 F .566
+-.25 F 1.259(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 427.2 Q(alue of the follo)
+-.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 444 Q F1(format)2.515 E F0
+.015(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)2.515 F F1(ar)2.515 E
+(guments)-.37 E F0 5.015(.I)C 2.514(ft)-5.015 G(he)-2.514 E F1(format)
+2.514 E F0 .014(requires more)2.514 F F1(ar)2.514 E(-)-.2 E(guments)144
+456 Q F0 .565(than are supplied, the e)3.065 F .566
(xtra format speci\214cations beha)-.15 F .866 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.066(si)
.15 G 3.066(faz)-3.066 G .566(ero v)-3.066 F .566(alue or null string,)
--.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 338.4 Q(The return v)5 E
-(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E F1(pushd)
-108 355.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C
-<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A F1(pushd)108 367.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0
-2.5(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .64(Adds a directory to the top of the di\
-rectory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 379.2 R 3.139(wt)
--.25 G .639(op of the)-3.139 F .088(stack the current w)144 391.2 R .088
-(orking directory)-.1 F 5.088(.W)-.65 G .088(ith no ar)-5.488 F
-(guments,)-.18 E F1(pushd)2.589 E F0 -.15(ex)2.589 G .089
-(changes the top tw).15 F 2.589(oe)-.1 G .089(lements of)-2.589 F
-(the directory stack.)144 403.2 Q(Ar)5 E(guments, if supplied, ha)-.18 E
-.3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6e>144
-415.2 Q F0 1.811(Suppresses the normal change of directory when rotatin\
-g or adding directories to the)180 415.2 R
-(stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.)180 427.2 Q F1(+)144
-439.2 Q F2(n)A F0 1.267(Rotates the stack so that the)180 439.2 R F2(n)
-3.767 E F0 1.268(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B
-1.268(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)180 451.2 Q F0 2.5(,s)C
-(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F1<ad>144 463.2 Q F2(n)A F0
-.92(Rotates the stack so that the)180 463.2 R F2(n)3.42 E F0 .92
+-.25 F .542(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 468 R .541
+(The return v)5.541 F .541(alue is zero on success, non-zero if an in)
+-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .541(lid op-).25 F
+(tion is supplied or a write or assignment error occurs.)144 480 Q F2
+(pushd)108 496.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F1(n)A F0
+2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A F2(pushd)108 508.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2
+<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C F1(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a directory to the t\
+op of the directory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 520.8
+R 3.14(wt)-.25 G .64(op of the)-3.14 F .089(stack the current w)144
+532.8 R .089(orking directory)-.1 F 5.089(.W)-.65 G .089(ith no ar)
+-5.489 F(guments,)-.18 E F2(pushd)2.589 E F0 -.15(ex)2.588 G .088
+(changes the top tw).15 F 2.588(oe)-.1 G .088(lements of)-2.588 F
+(the directory stack.)144 544.8 Q(Ar)5 E(guments, if supplied, ha)-.18 E
+.3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad6e>144
+556.8 Q F0 1.811(Suppresses the normal change of directory when rotatin\
+g or adding directories to the)180 556.8 R
+(stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.)180 568.8 Q F2(+)144
+580.8 Q F1(n)A F0 1.268(Rotates the stack so that the)180 580.8 R F1(n)
+3.768 E F0 1.267(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B
+1.267(wn by)-.25 F F2(dirs)180 592.8 Q F0 2.5(,s)C
+(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F2<ad>144 604.8 Q F1(n)A F0
+.92(Rotates the stack so that the)180 604.8 R F1(n)3.42 E F0 .92
(th directory \(counting from the right of the list sho)B .92(wn by)-.25
-F F1(dirs)180 475.2 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)
--2.5 E F2(dir)144.35 487.2 Q F0(Adds)180 487.2 Q F2(dir)2.85 E F0
-(to the directory stack at the top)3.23 E .434
-(After the stack has been modi\214ed, if the)144 504 R F1<ad6e>2.934 E
-F0 .434(option w)2.934 F .435(as not supplied,)-.1 F F1(pushd)2.935 E F0
-.435(uses the)2.935 F F1(cd)2.935 E F0 -.2(bu)2.935 G .435(iltin to).2 F
-(change to the directory at the top of the stack.)144 516 Q(If the)5 E
-F1(cd)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils,).1 E F1(pushd)2.5 E F0
+F F2(dirs)180 616.8 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)
+-2.5 E F1(dir)144.35 628.8 Q F0(Adds)180 628.8 Q F1(dir)2.85 E F0
+(to the directory stack at the top)3.23 E .435
+(After the stack has been modi\214ed, if the)144 645.6 R F2<ad6e>2.935 E
+F0 .434(option w)2.934 F .434(as not supplied,)-.1 F F2(pushd)2.934 E F0
+.434(uses the)2.934 F F2(cd)2.934 E F0 -.2(bu)2.934 G .434(iltin to).2 F
+(change to the directory at the top of the stack.)144 657.6 Q(If the)5 E
+F2(cd)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils,).1 E F2(pushd)2.5 E F0
(returns a non-zero v)2.5 E(alue.)-.25 E 1.78(Otherwise, if no ar)144
-532.8 R 1.78(guments are supplied,)-.18 F F1(pushd)4.28 E F0 1.78
-(returns 0 unless the directory stack is empty)4.28 F(.)-.65 E .092
-(When rotating the directory stack,)144 544.8 R F1(pushd)2.592 E F0 .093
-(returns 0 unless the directory stack is empty or a non-e)2.592 F(x-)
--.15 E(istent directory stack element is speci\214ed.)144 556.8 Q 1.278
-(If the)144 573.6 R F1(pushd)3.778 E F0 1.278
-(command is successful, bash runs)3.778 F F1(dirs)3.778 E F0 1.277
-(to sho)3.777 F 3.777(wt)-.25 G 1.277
-(he \214nal contents of the directory)-3.777 F(stack.)144 585.6 Q F1
-(pwd)108 602.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255LP)A F0(])A .844
-(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 614.4 R .845
-(orking directory)-.1 F 5.845(.T)-.65 G .845
-(he pathname printed contains no)-5.845 F .182(symbolic links if the)144
-626.4 R F1<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1
-.181(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F1
-(set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .181(iltin command is).2 F 3.263
-(enabled. If)144 638.4 R(the)3.263 E F1<ad4c>3.263 E F0 .763
-(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.263
-F .764(The return)5.764 F .405(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\
- reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 650.4 R -.25(va)
--.4 G .405(lid op-).25 F(tion is supplied.)144 662.4 Q F1 -.18(re)108
-679.2 S(ad).18 E F0([)3.816 E F1(\255ers)A F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad61>-3.816
-E F2(aname)3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad64>-3.816 E F2(delim)3.816 E F0
-3.816(][)C F1<ad69>-3.816 E F2(te)3.816 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.816(][)C F1
-<ad6e>-3.816 E F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad4e>
--3.817 E F2(nc)3.817 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad70>-3.817 E
-F2(pr)3.817 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad74>-3.817 E F2(timeout)
-3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad75>-3.817 E F2(fd)3.817 E F0(])A([)108 691.2
-Q F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the standard input\
-, or from the \214le descriptor)144 703.2 R F2(fd)3.016 E F0 .516
-(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .516(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 715.2 Q F1
-<ad75>2.753 E F0 .253(option, split into w)2.753 F .253
-(ords as described in)-.1 F F2(bash\(1\))2.754 E F0(under)2.754 E F1
--.75(Wo)2.754 G .254(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.754(,a)C .254
-(nd the \214rst w)-2.754 F .254(ord is)-.1 F 1.425
-(assigned to the \214rst)144 727.2 R F2(name)4.285 E F0 3.925(,t).18 G
-1.425(he second w)-3.925 F 1.425(ord to the second)-.1 F F2(name)4.285 E
-F0 3.925(,a).18 G 1.425(nd so on.)-3.925 F 1.425(If there are more)6.425
-F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E
-(13)185.545 E 0 Cg EP
+674.4 R 1.78(guments are supplied,)-.18 F F2(pushd)4.28 E F0 1.78
+(returns 0 unless the directory stack is empty)4.28 F(.)-.65 E .093
+(When rotating the directory stack,)144 686.4 R F2(pushd)2.593 E F0 .092
+(returns 0 unless the directory stack is empty or a non-e)2.593 F(x-)
+-.15 E(istent directory stack element is speci\214ed.)144 698.4 Q 1.277
+(If the)144 715.2 R F2(pushd)3.777 E F0 1.277
+(command is successful, bash runs)3.777 F F2(dirs)3.777 E F0 1.278
+(to sho)3.778 F 3.778(wt)-.25 G 1.278
+(he \214nal contents of the directory)-3.778 F(stack.)144 727.2 Q
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2023 January 27)141.79 E(13)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 14 14
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E -.1(wo)144 84 S 1.112
-(rds than names, the remaining w).1 F 1.112(ords and their interv)-.1 F
-1.112(ening delimiters are assigned to the last)-.15 F/F1 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)144.36 96 Q F0 5.7(.I).18 G 3.2(ft)-5.7 G .7
-(here are fe)-3.2 F .7(wer w)-.25 F .7
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pwd)108 84 Q F0([)2.5
+E F1(\255LP)A F0(])A .845(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)
+144 96 R .845(orking directory)-.1 F 5.844(.T)-.65 G .844
+(he pathname printed contains no)-5.844 F .181(symbolic links if the)144
+108 R F1<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1 .181
+(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F1(set)
+2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264(enabled. If)
+144 120 R(the)3.264 E F1<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763
+(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.264
+F .763(The return)5.763 F .405(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\
+ reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 132 R -.25(va)
+-.4 G .405(lid op-).25 F(tion is supplied.)144 144 Q F1 -.18(re)108
+160.8 S(ad).18 E F0([)3.817 E F1(\255ers)A F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad61>-3.817
+E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(aname)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad64>-3.817 E
+F2(delim)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad69>-3.817 E F2(te)3.817 E(xt)-.2 E
+F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad6e>-3.817 E F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816
+(][)C F1<ad4e>-3.816 E F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F1
+<ad70>-3.816 E F2(pr)3.816 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad74>-3.816 E
+F2(timeout)3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad75>-3.816 E F2(fd)3.816 E F0(])A
+([)108 172.8 Q F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the s\
+tandard input, or from the \214le descriptor)144 184.8 R F2(fd)3.016 E
+F0 .516(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .517(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 196.8 Q
+F1<ad75>2.754 E F0 .254(option, split into w)2.754 F .254
+(ords as described in)-.1 F F2(bash\(1\))2.754 E F0(under)2.753 E F1
+-.75(Wo)2.753 G .253(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.753(,a)C .253
+(nd the \214rst w)-2.753 F .253(ord is)-.1 F 1.425
+(assigned to the \214rst)144 208.8 R F2(name)4.285 E F0 3.925(,t).18 G
+1.425(he second w)-3.925 F 1.425(ord to the second)-.1 F F2(name)4.285 E
+F0 3.925(,a).18 G 1.425(nd so on.)-3.925 F 1.425(If there are more)6.425
+F -.1(wo)144 220.8 S 1.112(rds than names, the remaining w).1 F 1.112
+(ords and their interv)-.1 F 1.112
+(ening delimiters are assigned to the last)-.15 F F2(name)144.36 232.8 Q
+F0 5.7(.I).18 G 3.2(ft)-5.7 G .7(here are fe)-3.2 F .7(wer w)-.25 F .7
(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining names are)-.1
-F .531(assigned empty v)144 108 R 3.031(alues. The)-.25 F .531
-(characters in)3.031 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.031 E F0 .532
-(are used to split the line into w)2.781 F .532(ords using the same)-.1
-F 1.326(rules the shell uses for e)144 120 R 1.325
-(xpansion \(described in)-.15 F F1(bash\(1\))3.825 E F0(under)3.825 E/F3
-10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.75(Wo)3.825 G 1.325(rd Splitting).75 F F0 3.825
-(\). The)B(backslash)3.825 E .738(character \()144 132 R F3(\\)A F0
-3.238(\)m)C .739(ay be used to remo)-3.238 F 1.039 -.15(ve a)-.15 H
-1.039 -.15(ny s).15 H .739(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .739
+F .532(assigned empty v)144 244.8 R 3.032(alues. The)-.25 F .532
+(characters in)3.032 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.032 E F0 .531
+(are used to split the line into w)2.782 F .531(ords using the same)-.1
+F 1.325(rules the shell uses for e)144 256.8 R 1.325
+(xpansion \(described in)-.15 F F2(bash\(1\))3.825 E F0(under)3.826 E F1
+-.75(Wo)3.826 G 1.326(rd Splitting).75 F F0 3.826(\). The)B(backslash)
+3.826 E .739(character \()144 268.8 R F1(\\)A F0 3.239(\)m)C .739
+(ay be used to remo)-3.239 F 1.039 -.15(ve a)-.15 H 1.039 -.15(ny s).15
+H .739(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .738
(xt character read and for line)-.15 F 2.5(continuation. Options,)144
-144 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
-(wing meanings:)-.25 E F3<ad61>144 156 Q F1(aname)2.5 E F0 1.026(The w)
-180 168 R 1.026(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)
--.1 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(aname)3.855 E F0 3.525(,s).18 G 1.025
-(tarting at 0.)-3.525 F F1(aname)180.33 180 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68
-E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 -.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E
-F1(name)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F3<ad64>144 192 Q
-F1(delim)2.5 E F0 .28(The \214rst character of)180 204 R F1(delim)2.78 E
-F0 .281(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.78 F 2.781
-(wline. If)-.25 F F1(de-)2.781 E(lim)180 216 Q F0(is the empty string,)
-2.5 E F3 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0
-(will terminate a line when it reads a NUL character)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F3
-<ad65>144 228 Q F0 .629
-(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)180 228 R F3 -.18(re)
-3.128 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)3.128 E F2(READLINE)3.128 E F0(in)2.878 E
-F1(bash\(1\))3.128 E F0 3.128(\)i)C(s)-3.128 E .048
-(used to obtain the line.)180 240 R .049
+280.8 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
+(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 292.8 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.025
+(The w)180 304.8 R 1.026
+(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable)
+-.25 E F2(aname)3.856 E F0 3.526(,s).18 G 1.026(tarting at 0.)-3.526 F
+F2(aname)180.33 316.8 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5
+-.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0
+(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 328.8 Q F2(delim)2.5 E
+F0 .281(The \214rst character of)180 340.8 R F2(delim)2.781 E F0 .281
+(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.781 F 2.78
+(wline. If)-.25 F F2(de-)2.78 E(lim)180 352.8 Q F0(is the empty string,)
+2.5 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0
+(will terminate a line when it reads a NUL character)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1
+<ad65>144 364.8 Q F0 .628
+(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)180 364.8 R F1 -.18
+(re)3.129 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)3.129 E F3(READLINE)3.129 E F0(in)
+2.879 E F2(bash\(1\))3.129 E F0 3.129(\)i)C(s)-3.129 E .049
+(used to obtain the line.)180 376.8 R .049
(Readline uses the current \(or def)5.049 F .049
-(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .049(as not pre)-.1 F(vi-)-.25 E
-(ously acti)180 252 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings, b)
+(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .048(as not pre)-.1 F(vi-)-.25 E
+(ously acti)180 388.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings, b)
-2.5 E(ut uses readline')-.2 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ef)-2.5 E
-(ault \214lename completion.)-.1 E F3<ad69>144 264 Q F1(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2
-E F0(If)180 264 Q F3 -.18(re)2.716 G(adline).18 E F0 .216
-(is being used to read the line,)2.716 F F1(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216
-(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .215(fer before edit-)
--.25 F(ing be)180 276 Q(gins.)-.15 E F3<ad6e>144 288 Q F1(nc)2.5 E(har)
--.15 E(s)-.1 E F3 -.18(re)180 300 S(ad).18 E F0 .322
-(returns after reading)2.822 F F1(nc)2.823 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .323
+(ault \214lename completion.)-.1 E F1<ad69>144 400.8 Q F2(te)2.5 E(xt)
+-.2 E F0(If)180 400.8 Q F1 -.18(re)2.715 G(adline).18 E F0 .216
+(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F2(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216
+(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .216(fer before edit-)
+-.25 F(ing be)180 412.8 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e>144 424.8 Q F2(nc)2.5 E
+(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 436.8 S(ad).18 E F0 .323
+(returns after reading)2.823 F F2(nc)2.823 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .323
(characters rather than w)2.823 F .323
-(aiting for a complete line of in-)-.1 F(put, b)180 312 Q
-(ut honors a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 E F1(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15
-E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F3
-<ad4e>144 324 Q F1(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F3 -.18(re)180 336 S(ad)
-.18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.77 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(nc)3.769
-E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F 1.269
-(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .274
-(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 348 R F3 -.18(re)2.775
-G(ad).18 E F0 .275(times out.)2.775 F .275(Delimiter characters encoun-)
-5.275 F 1.003
-(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 360 R
-F3 -.18(re)3.502 G(ad).18 E F0 1.002(to return until)3.502 F F1(nc)3.502
-E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .608(characters are read.)180 372 R .608
-(The result is not split on the characters in)5.608 F F3(IFS)3.108 E F0
-3.108(;t)C .609(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 384 S .67
+(aiting for a complete line of in-)-.1 F(put, b)180 448.8 Q
+(ut honors a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15
+E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1
+<ad4e>144 460.8 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 472.8 S
+(ad).18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc)
+3.769 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F
+1.27(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275
+(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 484.8 R F1 -.18(re)
+2.775 G(ad).18 E F0 .274(times out.)2.774 F .274
+(Delimiter characters encoun-)5.274 F 1.002
+(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 496.8
+R F1 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F2(nc)
+3.503 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .609(characters are read.)180 508.8 R .608
+(The result is not split on the characters in)5.609 F F1(IFS)3.108 E F0
+3.108(;t)C .608(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 520.8 S .669
(riable is assigned e).25 F .669
-(xactly the characters read \(with the e)-.15 F .669
-(xception of backslash; see the)-.15 F F3<ad72>180 396 Q F0(option belo)
-2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F3<ad70>144 408 Q F1(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)
-180 420 Q F1(pr)3.66 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.66 F
-3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161
-(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 432 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5
-(nput. The)-2.5 F
-(prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F3
-<ad72>144 444 Q F0 .544(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
-180 444 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .543(he backslash is considered to be part of)
--5.543 F .492(the line.)180 456 R .492(In particular)5.492 F 2.992(,ab)
--.4 G(ackslash-ne)-2.992 E .493
-(wline pair may not then be used as a line continua-)-.25 F(tion.)180
-468 Q F3<ad73>144 480 Q F0(Silent mode.)180 480 Q
-(If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F3
-<ad74>144 492 Q F1(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 504 Q F3 -.18(re)2.929 G
-(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.929 F .428
-(ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .56
-(ber of characters\) is not read within)180 516 R F1(timeout)3.061 E F0
-(seconds.)3.061 E F1(timeout)5.561 E F0 .561(may be a decimal number)
-3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 528 Q
+(xactly the characters read \(with the e)-.15 F .67
+(xception of backslash; see the)-.15 F F1<ad72>180 532.8 Q F0
+(option belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1<ad70>144 544.8 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45
+E F0(Display)180 556.8 Q F2(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161
+(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne)
+-3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 568.8 Q
+2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F
+(prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1
+<ad72>144 580.8 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
+180 580.8 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544
+(he backslash is considered to be part of)-5.543 F .493(the line.)180
+592.8 R .493(In particular)5.493 F 2.993(,ab)-.4 G(ackslash-ne)-2.993 E
+.493(wline pair may not then be used as a line continua-)-.25 F(tion.)
+180 604.8 Q F1<ad73>144 616.8 Q F0(Silent mode.)180 616.8 Q
+(If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1
+<ad74>144 628.8 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 640.8 Q F1 -.18(re)2.928
+G(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.928 F .428
+(ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .561
+(ber of characters\) is not read within)180 652.8 R F2(timeout)3.061 E
+F0(seconds.)3.061 E F2(timeout)5.561 E F0 .56(may be a decimal number)
+3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 664.8 Q
(wing the decimal point.)-.25 E(This option is only ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E
-.3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F3 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 .506(is readin\
+.3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 .506(is readin\
g input from a terminal, pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180
-540 R .506(fect when reading)-.25 F .59(from re)180 552 R .59
-(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.59 E F3 -.18(re)3.09 G(ad).18 E F0 .589
-(times out,)3.09 F F3 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve)-.2
-G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .589
-(artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 564 S(riable)
-.25 E F1(name)2.77 E F0 5.27(.I)C(f)-5.27 E F1(timeout)2.77 E F0 .27
-(is 0,)2.77 F F3 -.18(re)2.77 G(ad).18 E F0 .27(returns immediately)2.77
-F 2.77(,w)-.65 G .27(ithout trying to read an)-2.77 F 2.77(yd)-.15 G
-(ata.)-2.77 E .228(The e)180 576 R .228(xit status is 0 if input is a)
--.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G .228(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor)
-.25 F 2.728(,o)-.4 G 2.727(rt)-2.728 G .227(he read will re-)-2.727 F
-1.224(turn EOF)180 588 R 3.724(,n)-.8 G 1.224(on-zero otherwise.)-3.724
-F 1.224(The e)6.224 F 1.225
-(xit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e)-.15 F(x-)-.15 E
-(ceeded.)180 600 Q F3<ad75>144 612 Q F1(fd)2.5 E F0
-(Read input from \214le descriptor)180 612 Q F1(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .522
-(If no)144 628.8 R F1(names)3.382 E F0 .522
-(are supplied, the line read, without the ending delimiter b)3.292 F
-.522(ut otherwise unmodi\214ed, is)-.2 F 1.186(assigned to the v)144
-640.8 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(REPL)3.686 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(.)A F0 1.186(The e)5.686 F 1.186
-(xit status is zero, unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)-.15 F F3 -.18
-(re)3.687 G(ad).18 E F0 .961
-(times out \(in which case the status is greater than 128\), a v)144
-652.8 R .96(ariable assignment error \(such as as-)-.25 F .706
-(signing to a readonly v)144 664.8 R .706(ariable\) occurs, or an in)
--.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .706(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the ar)
-.25 F .707(gument to)-.18 F F3<ad75>144 676.8 Q F0(.)A F3 -.18(re)108
-693.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F3(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F3<ad70>-2.5 E
-F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])
--2.5 E .77(The gi)144 705.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F1(names)3.27 E F0
-.77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25
-F F1(names)3.63 E F0 .77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096
-(quent assignment.)144 717.6 R 1.096(If the)6.096 F F3<ad66>3.596 E F0
-1.097(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F1
-(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 729.6 Q 4.903(ed. The)
--.1 F F3<ad61>4.903 E F0 2.403(option restricts the v)4.903 F 2.403
-(ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.903(da).15 G 2.403(rrays; the)
--4.903 F F3<ad41>4.903 E F0 2.402(option restricts the)4.903 F
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E
-(14)185.545 E 0 Cg EP
+676.8 R .505(fect when reading)-.25 F .589(from re)180 688.8 R .589
+(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.589 E F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0 .589
+(times out,)3.089 F F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve)
+-.2 G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .59
+(artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 700.8 S
+(riable).25 E F2(name)2.77 E F0 5.27(.I)C(f)-5.27 E F2(timeout)2.77 E F0
+.27(is 0,)2.77 F F1 -.18(re)2.77 G(ad).18 E F0 .27(returns immediately)
+2.77 F 2.77(,w)-.65 G .27(ithout trying to read an)-2.77 F 2.77(yd)-.15
+G(ata.)-2.77 E .227(The e)180 712.8 R .228
+(xit status is 0 if input is a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G .228
+(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor).25 F 2.728(,o)-.4 G 2.728
+(rt)-2.728 G .228(he read will re-)-2.728 F 2.393(turn EOF)180 724.8 R
+4.893(,n)-.8 G 2.392(on-zero otherwise.)-4.893 F 2.392(The e)7.392 F
+2.392(xit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is)-.15 F
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2023 January 27)141.79 E(14)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 15 15
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E -.25(va)144 84 S .424(riables to associati)
-.25 F .724 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 2.924(rrays. If).15 F .425
-(both options are supplied,)2.924 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad41>2.925 E
-F0(tak)2.925 E .425(es precedence.)-.1 F .425(If no)5.425 F/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)3.285 E F0(ar)3.105 E(-)-.2 E 1.275
-(guments are gi)144 96 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.275(n, or if the).15 F F1
-<ad70>3.775 E F0 1.275
-(option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.775 F
-(The)6.275 E .559(other options may be used to restrict the output to a\
- subset of the set of readonly names.)144 108 R(The)5.559 E F1<ad70>
-3.059 E F0 .201(option causes output to be displayed in a format that m\
-ay be reused as input.)144 120 R .2(If a v)5.2 F .2(ariable name is)-.25
-F(follo)144 132 Q .133(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.633(,t)C
-.133(he v)-2.633 F .133(alue of the v)-.25 F .133(ariable is set to)-.25
-F F2(wor)2.633 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.133(.T)C .133
-(he return status is 0 unless an in)-5.133 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .26
-(option is encountered, one of the)144 144 R F2(names)3.12 E F0 .26
-(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v)-.25 F .26(ariable name, or)-.25 F
-F1<ad66>2.76 E F0 .26(is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 156 Q F0
-(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 172.8 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15
-E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .02(Causes a function to stop e)144 184.8 R
--.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuting and return the v).15 F .021
-(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.881 E F0 .021(to its caller)2.761 F
-5.021(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.021 E F2(n)2.881 E F0 .021(is omitted,)2.761 F .597
-(the return status is that of the last command e)144 196.8 R -.15(xe)
--.15 G .596(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.596(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.596 E
-F1 -.18(re)3.096 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .596(is e)3.096 F -.15(xe)-.15
-G(cuted).15 E .267(by a trap handler)144 208.8 R 2.767(,t)-.4 G .267
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E -.15(ex)180 84 S(ceeded.).15 E/F1 10
+/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad75>144 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(fd)2.5 E F0
+(Read input from \214le descriptor)180 96 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .522
+(If no)144 112.8 R F2(names)3.382 E F0 .522
+(are supplied, the line read, without the ending delimiter b)3.292 F
+.522(ut otherwise unmodi\214ed, is)-.2 F 1.187(assigned to the v)144
+124.8 R(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REPL)3.686 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9
+/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.186(The e)5.686 F 1.186
+(xit status is zero, unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)-.15 F F1 -.18
+(re)3.686 G(ad).18 E F0 .96
+(times out \(in which case the status is greater than 128\), a v)144
+136.8 R .961(ariable assignment error \(such as as-)-.25 F .707
+(signing to a readonly v)144 148.8 R .706(ariable\) occurs, or an in)
+-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .706(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the ar)
+.25 F .706(gument to)-.18 F F1<ad75>144 160.8 Q F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108
+177.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E
+F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])
+-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 189.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0
+.77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25
+F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097
+(quent assignment.)144 201.6 R 1.097(If the)6.097 F F1<ad66>3.597 E F0
+1.097(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F2
+(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 213.6 Q 3.334(ed. The)
+-.1 F F1<ad61>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834
+(ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the)
+-3.334 F F1<ad41>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-)
+-.25 E .777(ables to associati)144 225.6 R 1.077 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.277
+(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.277 F F1<ad41>3.277 E
+F0(tak)3.277 E .776(es precedence.)-.1 F .776(If no)5.776 F F2(name)
+3.636 E F0(ar)3.456 E(gu-)-.18 E .521(ments are gi)144 237.6 R -.15(ve)
+-.25 G .521(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>3.021 E F0 .521
+(option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.021 F
+.522(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \
+to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 249.6 R(The)5.295 E F1
+<ad70>2.795 E F0(option)2.795 E .786
+(causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)
+144 261.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .786(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144
+273.6 Q .718(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v)
+-3.218 F .718(alue of the v)-.25 F .718(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)
+3.218 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.718(.T)C .718(he return status is 0 unless an in)
+-5.718 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .26(option is encountered, one of the)
+144 285.6 R F2(names)3.12 E F0 .26(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v)
+-.25 F .26(ariable name, or)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.76 E F0 .26
+(is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 297.6 Q F0
+(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 314.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15
+E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .021(Causes a function to stop e)144 326.4 R
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .021(cuting and return the v).15 F .021
+(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(to its caller)2.76 F 5.02
+(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(is omitted,)2.76 F .596
+(the return status is that of the last command e)144 338.4 R -.15(xe)
+-.15 G .597(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.597(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.597 E
+F1 -.18(re)3.097 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .597(is e)3.097 F -.15(xe)-.15
+G(cuted).15 E .267(by a trap handler)144 350.4 R 2.767(,t)-.4 G .267
(he last command used to determine the status is the last command e)
--2.767 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .268(cuted be-).15 F .02(fore the trap handler)
-144 220.8 R 5.02(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F1 -.18(re)2.52 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15
+-2.767 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .267(cuted be-).15 F .02(fore the trap handler)
+144 362.4 R 5.02(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F1 -.18(re)2.52 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15
E F0 .02(is e)2.52 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuted during a).15 F F1(DEB)2.52
E(UG)-.1 E F0 .02(trap, the last command used to deter)2.52 F(-)-.2 E
-.885(mine the status is the last command e)144 232.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.886(cuted by the trap handler before).15 F F1 -.18(re)3.386 G(tur).18 E
-(n)-.15 E F0 -.1(wa)3.386 G 3.386(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-3.386 H -.1(ke)
-.4 G 3.386(d. If).1 F F1 -.18(re)144 244.8 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .628
-(is used outside a function, b)3.128 F .628(ut during e)-.2 F -.15(xe)
--.15 G .628(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)3.127 E F0(\()5.627 E
-F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.127(\)c)C .627(ommand, it)-3.127 F .588
-(causes the shell to stop e)144 256.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .588
-(cuting that script and return either).15 F F2(n)3.448 E F0 .589
-(or the e)3.329 F .589(xit status of the last com-)-.15 F .326(mand e)
-144 268.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .326(cuted within the script as the e).15 F
-.326(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.326 E F2(n)2.826 E F0 .325
-(is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .325(alue is)-.25 F .444
-(its least signi\214cant 8 bits.)144 280.8 R .444
-(The return status is non-zero if)5.444 F F1 -.18(re)2.945 G(tur).18 E
-(n)-.15 E F0 .445(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.945 F(gu-)-.18 E .381
-(ment, or is used outside a function and not during e)144 292.8 R -.15
+.886(mine the status is the last command e)144 374.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
+.886(cuted by the trap handler before).15 F F1 -.18(re)3.385 G(tur).18 E
+(n)-.15 E F0 -.1(wa)3.385 G 3.385(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-3.385 H -.1(ke)
+.4 G 3.385(d. If).1 F F1 -.18(re)144 386.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .627
+(is used outside a function, b)3.127 F .628(ut during e)-.2 F -.15(xe)
+-.15 G .628(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)3.128 E F0(\()5.628 E
+F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.128(\)c)C .628(ommand, it)-3.128 F .589
+(causes the shell to stop e)144 398.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .589
+(cuting that script and return either).15 F F2(n)3.448 E F0 .588
+(or the e)3.328 F .588(xit status of the last com-)-.15 F .325(mand e)
+144 410.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .325(cuted within the script as the e).15 F
+.326(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.326 E F2(n)2.826 E F0 .326
+(is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .326(alue is)-.25 F .445
+(its least signi\214cant 8 bits.)144 422.4 R .444
+(The return status is non-zero if)5.445 F F1 -.18(re)2.944 G(tur).18 E
+(n)-.15 E F0 .444(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.944 F(gu-)-.18 E .381
+(ment, or is used outside a function and not during e)144 434.4 R -.15
(xe)-.15 G .381(cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.881 E F0(or)3.714 E
-F1(sour)2.881 E(ce)-.18 E F0 5.38(.A)C .68 -.15(ny c)-5.38 H(om-).15 E
-.749(mand associated with the)144 304.8 R F1(RETURN)3.249 E F0 .749
+F1(sour)2.881 E(ce)-.18 E F0 5.381(.A)C .681 -.15(ny c)-5.381 H(om-).15
+E .75(mand associated with the)144 446.4 R F1(RETURN)3.249 E F0 .749
(trap is e)3.249 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .749(cuted before e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15
-G .75(cution resumes after the function).15 F(or script.)144 316.8 Q F1
-(set)108 333.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1
+G .749(cution resumes after the function).15 F(or script.)144 458.4 Q F1
+(set)108 475.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1
<ad6f>-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<adad>-2.5 E F0 2.5
(][)C F1<ad>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E F1
-(set)108 345.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)
+(set)108 487.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)
-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<adad>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1
<ad>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144
-357.6 S .574(thout options, display the name and v).4 F .574
-(alue of each shell v)-.25 F .573
+499.2 S .573(thout options, display the name and v).4 F .573
+(alue of each shell v)-.25 F .574
(ariable in a format that can be reused)-.25 F .113
-(as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 369.6 R 2.613
+(as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 511.2 R 2.613
(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.613 G .113
-(riables cannot be reset.).25 F(In)5.113 E F2 1.032(posix mode)144 381.6
+(riables cannot be reset.).25 F(In)5.112 E F2 1.032(posix mode)144 523.2
R F0 3.532(,o)C 1.032(nly shell v)-3.532 F 1.032(ariables are listed.)
-.25 F 1.032(The output is sorted according to the current locale.)6.032
-F .58(When options are speci\214ed, the)144 393.6 R 3.081(ys)-.15 G .581
-(et or unset shell attrib)-3.081 F 3.081(utes. An)-.2 F 3.081(ya)-.15 G
--.18(rg)-3.081 G .581(uments remaining after op-).18 F .161
-(tion processing are treated as v)144 405.6 R .161
+F .581(When options are speci\214ed, the)144 535.2 R 3.081(ys)-.15 G
+.581(et or unset shell attrib)-3.081 F 3.081(utes. An)-.2 F 3.08(ya)-.15
+G -.18(rg)-3.08 G .58(uments remaining after op-).18 F .16
+(tion processing are treated as v)144 547.2 R .161
(alues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in order)-.25 F
-2.66(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.66 E F1($1)2.66 E F0(,)A F1($2)144 417.6 Q F0(,)A F1
-2.5(... $)2.5 F F2(n)A F0 5(.O)C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha)-5 E .3 -.15
-(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 429.6 Q F0
-1.377(Each v)184 429.6 R 1.377
+2.661(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.661 E F1($1)2.661 E F0(,)A F1($2)144 559.2 Q F0(,)A
+F1 2.5(... $)2.5 F F2(n)A F0 5(.O)C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha)-5 E .3
+-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 571.2 Q
+F0 1.378(Each v)184 571.2 R 1.377
(ariable or function that is created or modi\214ed is gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G 3.877(nt).15 G 1.377(he e)-3.877 F 1.378(xport attrib)-.15 F
-1.378(ute and)-.2 F(mark)184 441.6 Q(ed for e)-.1 E(xport to the en)-.15
-E(vironment of subsequent commands.)-.4 E F1<ad62>144 453.6 Q F0 .132
-(Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)184 453.6 R
-2.632(,r)-.65 G .131(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E
-(primary prompt.)184 465.6 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o)
--.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1<ad65>144 477.6 Q F0
-.087(Exit immediately if a)184 477.6 R F2(pipeline)2.587 E F0 .087
-(\(which may consist of a single)2.587 F F2 .088(simple command)2.588 F
-F0 .088(\), a)B F2(list)2.588 E F0 2.588(,o)C(r)-2.588 E(a)184 489.6 Q
-F2 .86(compound command)3.36 F F0(\(see)3.36 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .86
-(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.36 F F0(in)3.11 E F2(bash\(1\))3.36 E F0 .86(\), e)B
-.86(xits with a non-zero sta-)-.15 F 2.852(tus. The)184 501.6 R .352
-(shell does not e)2.852 F .352(xit if the command that f)-.15 F .353
-(ails is part of the command list imme-)-.1 F 1.108(diately follo)184
-513.6 R 1.108(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)3.608 E F0(or)3.608 E F1(until)
-3.608 E F0 -.1(ke)3.608 G(yw)-.05 E 1.107(ord, part of the test follo)
--.1 F 1.107(wing the)-.25 F F1(if)3.607 E F0(or)3.607 E F1(elif)3.607 E
-F0(re-)3.607 E(serv)184 525.6 Q .279(ed w)-.15 F .279(ords, part of an)
--.1 F 2.779(yc)-.15 G .279(ommand e)-2.779 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .279
-(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)2.779 E F0(or)2.779 E F1(||)2.78 E F0 .28
-(list e)2.78 F .28(xcept the command fol-)-.15 F(lo)184 537.6 Q .703
-(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F1(&&)3.203 E F0(or)3.203 E F1(||)3.203 E F0
-3.203(,a)C 1.003 -.15(ny c)-3.203 H .703(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F
-.703(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F(s)-.55 E .476(return v)184
-549.6 R .476(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .476(rted with).15 F
-F1(!)2.976 E F0 5.476(.I)C 2.976(fac)-5.476 G .476
+-.25 G 3.877(nt).15 G 1.377(he e)-3.877 F 1.377(xport attrib)-.15 F
+1.377(ute and)-.2 F(mark)184 583.2 Q(ed for e)-.1 E(xport to the en)-.15
+E(vironment of subsequent commands.)-.4 E F1<ad62>144 595.2 Q F0 .131
+(Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)184 595.2 R
+2.632(,r)-.65 G .132(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E
+(primary prompt.)184 607.2 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o)
+-.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1<ad65>144 619.2 Q F0
+.088(Exit immediately if a)184 619.2 R F2(pipeline)2.588 E F0 .087
+(\(which may consist of a single)2.588 F F2 .087(simple command)2.587 F
+F0 .087(\), a)B F2(list)2.587 E F0 2.587(,o)C(r)-2.587 E(a)184 631.2 Q
+F2 .86(compound command)3.359 F F0(\(see)3.36 E F3 .86(SHELL GRAMMAR)
+3.36 F F0(in)3.11 E F2(bash\(1\))3.36 E F0 .86(\), e)B .86
+(xits with a non-zero sta-)-.15 F 2.853(tus. The)184 643.2 R .353
+(shell does not e)2.853 F .352(xit if the command that f)-.15 F .352
+(ails is part of the command list imme-)-.1 F 1.107(diately follo)184
+655.2 R 1.107(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)3.607 E F0(or)3.607 E F1(until)
+3.607 E F0 -.1(ke)3.607 G(yw)-.05 E 1.108(ord, part of the test follo)
+-.1 F 1.108(wing the)-.25 F F1(if)3.608 E F0(or)3.608 E F1(elif)3.608 E
+F0(re-)3.608 E(serv)184 667.2 Q .28(ed w)-.15 F .28(ords, part of an)-.1
+F 2.78(yc)-.15 G .28(ommand e)-2.78 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .279(cuted in a).15
+F F1(&&)2.779 E F0(or)2.779 E F1(||)2.779 E F0 .279(list e)2.779 F .279
+(xcept the command fol-)-.15 F(lo)184 679.2 Q .702(wing the \214nal)-.25
+F F1(&&)3.203 E F0(or)3.203 E F1(||)3.203 E F0 3.203(,a)C 1.003 -.15
+(ny c)-3.203 H .703(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F .703
+(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F(s)-.55 E .476(return v)184 691.2
+R .476(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .476(rted with).15 F F1(!)
+2.976 E F0 5.476(.I)C 2.976(fac)-5.476 G .476
(ompound command other than a subshell re-)-2.976 F .418
-(turns a non-zero status because a command f)184 561.6 R .418
-(ailed while)-.1 F F1<ad65>2.918 E F0 -.1(wa)2.918 G 2.918(sb).1 G .417
-(eing ignored, the shell)-2.918 F .472(does not e)184 573.6 R 2.972
-(xit. A)-.15 F .472(trap on)2.972 F F1(ERR)2.972 E F0 2.972(,i)C 2.972
-(fs)-2.972 G .472(et, is e)-2.972 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .473
-(cuted before the shell e).15 F 2.973(xits. This)-.15 F .473(option ap-)
-2.973 F 2.114(plies to the shell en)184 585.6 R 2.113
-(vironment and each subshell en)-.4 F 2.113(vironment separately \(see)
--.4 F F3(COM-)4.613 E .675(MAND EXECUTION ENVIR)184 597.6 R(ONMENT)-.27
-E F0(in)2.925 E F2(bash\(1\))3.175 E F0 .675
-(\), and may cause subshells to e)B .676(xit be-)-.15 F(fore e)184 609.6
-Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting all the commands in the subshell.).15 E .999
-(If a compound command or shell function e)184 627.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.999(cutes in a conte).15 F .998(xt where)-.15 F F1<ad65>3.498 E F0 .998
-(is being ig-)3.498 F .089(nored, none of the commands e)184 639.6 R
--.15(xe)-.15 G .089(cuted within the compound command or function body)
-.15 F .503(will be af)184 651.6 R .503(fected by the)-.25 F F1<ad65>
-3.002 E F0 .502(setting, e)3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.002(ni).15 G(f)
--3.002 E F1<ad65>3.002 E F0 .502(is set and a command returns a f)3.002
-F .502(ailure sta-)-.1 F 4.183(tus. If)184 663.6 R 4.183(ac)4.183 G
-1.683(ompound command or shell function sets)-4.183 F F1<ad65>4.184 E F0
-1.684(while e)4.184 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.684(cuting in a conte).15 F(xt)
--.15 E(where)184 675.6 Q F1<ad65>3.154 E F0 .654
-(is ignored, that setting will not ha)3.154 F .953 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .953
--.15(ny e).15 H -.25(ff).15 G .653(ect until the compound command).25 F
-(or the command containing the function call completes.)184 687.6 Q F1
-<ad66>144 699.6 Q F0(Disable pathname e)184 699.6 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1
-<ad68>144 711.6 Q F0 .988(Remember the location of commands as the)184
-711.6 R 3.488(ya)-.15 G .988(re look)-3.488 F .988(ed up for e)-.1 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G 3.488(cution. This).15 F .988(is en-)3.488 F
-(abled by def)184 723.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)
-136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(15)185.545 E 0 Cg EP
+(turns a non-zero status because a command f)184 703.2 R .418
+(ailed while)-.1 F F1<ad65>2.918 E F0 -.1(wa)2.918 G 2.918(sb).1 G .418
+(eing ignored, the shell)-2.918 F .473(does not e)184 715.2 R 2.973
+(xit. A)-.15 F .473(trap on)2.973 F F1(ERR)2.973 E F0 2.972(,i)C 2.972
+(fs)-2.972 G .472(et, is e)-2.972 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .472
+(cuted before the shell e).15 F 2.972(xits. This)-.15 F .472(option ap-)
+2.972 F 5.074(plies to the shell en)184 727.2 R 5.074
+(vironment and each subshell en)-.4 F 5.074(vironment separately \(see)
+-.4 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2023 January 27)141.79 E(15)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 16 16
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6b>144 84 Q F0 .514
-(All ar)184 84 R .514
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .071
+(COMMAND EXECUTION ENVIR)184 84 R(ONMENT)-.27 E F0(in)2.32 E/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(bash\(1\))2.57 E F0 .07
+(\), and may cause subshells to e)B(xit)-.15 E(before e)184 96 Q -.15
+(xe)-.15 G(cuting all the commands in the subshell.).15 E .998
+(If a compound command or shell function e)184 114 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .999
+(cutes in a conte).15 F .999(xt where)-.15 F/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad65>
+3.499 E F0 .999(is being ig-)3.499 F .089(nored, none of the commands e)
+184 126 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .089
+(cuted within the compound command or function body).15 F .502
+(will be af)184 138 R .502(fected by the)-.25 F F3<ad65>3.002 E F0 .502
+(setting, e)3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.002(ni).15 G(f)-3.002 E F3<ad65>
+3.002 E F0 .502(is set and a command returns a f)3.002 F .503
+(ailure sta-)-.1 F 4.184(tus. If)184 150 R 4.184(ac)4.184 G 1.684
+(ompound command or shell function sets)-4.184 F F3<ad65>4.183 E F0
+1.683(while e)4.183 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.683(cuting in a conte).15 F(xt)
+-.15 E(where)184 162 Q F3<ad65>3.153 E F0 .653
+(is ignored, that setting will not ha)3.153 F .954 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .954
+-.15(ny e).15 H -.25(ff).15 G .654(ect until the compound command).25 F
+(or the command containing the function call completes.)184 174 Q F3
+<ad66>144 186 Q F0(Disable pathname e)184 186 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F3
+<ad68>144 198 Q F0 .988(Remember the location of commands as the)184 198
+R 3.488(ya)-.15 G .988(re look)-3.488 F .988(ed up for e)-.1 F -.15(xe)
+-.15 G 3.488(cution. This).15 F .987(is en-)3.487 F(abled by def)184 210
+Q(ault.)-.1 E F3<ad6b>144 222 Q F0 .513(All ar)184 222 R .514
(guments in the form of assignment statements are placed in the en)-.18
-F .513(vironment for a)-.4 F
-(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 96 Q F1
-<ad6d>144 108 Q F0 .148(Monitor mode.)184 108 R .148
-(Job control is enabled.)5.148 F .149(This option is on by def)5.148 F
-.149(ault for interacti)-.1 F .449 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .235
-(on systems that support it \(see)184 120 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .235
-(JOB CONTR)2.735 F(OL)-.27 E F0(in)2.485 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
-(bash\(1\))2.735 E F0 2.735(\). All)B .234(processes run in a sepa-)
-2.735 F .252(rate process group.)184 132 R .252
+F .514(vironment for a)-.4 F
+(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 234 Q F3
+<ad6d>144 246 Q F0 .149(Monitor mode.)184 246 R .149
+(Job control is enabled.)5.149 F .148(This option is on by def)5.149 F
+.148(ault for interacti)-.1 F .448 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .234
+(on systems that support it \(see)184 258 R F1 .235(JOB CONTR)2.735 F
+(OL)-.27 E F0(in)2.485 E F2(bash\(1\))2.735 E F0 2.735(\). All)B .235
+(processes run in a sepa-)2.735 F .253(rate process group.)184 270 R
+.252
(When a background job completes, the shell prints a line containing)
-5.252 F(its e)184 144 Q(xit status.)-.15 E F1<ad6e>144 156 Q F0 .653
-(Read commands b)184 156 R .653(ut do not e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .653
-(cute them.).15 F .652(This may be used to check a shell script for)
-5.653 F(syntax errors.)184 168 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3
--.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1<ad6f>144 180 Q F3(option\255name)2.5 E
-F0(The)184 192 Q F3(option\255name)2.5 E F0(can be one of the follo)2.5
-E(wing:)-.25 E F
1(allexport)184 204 Q F0(Same as)224 216 Q F1<ad61>2.5 E
-F0(.)A F
1(braceexpand)184 228 Q F0(Same as)224 240 Q F1<ad42>2.5 E F0(.)
-A F1(emacs)184 252 Q F0 .089
-(Use an emacs-style command line editing interf)224 252 R 2.589
+5.253 F(its e)184 282 Q(xit status.)-.15 E F3<ad6e>144 294 Q F0 .652
+(Read commands b)184 294 R .652(ut do not e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .652
+(cute them.).15 F .653(This may be used to check a shell script for)
+5.652 F(syntax errors.)184 306 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3
+-.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F3<ad6f>144 318 Q F2(option\255name)2.5 E
+F0(The)184 330 Q F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0(can be one of the follo)2.5
+E(wing:)-.25 E F
3(allexport)184 342 Q F0(Same as)224 354 Q F3<ad61>2.5 E
+F0(.)A F
3(braceexpand)184 366 Q F0(Same as)224 378 Q F3<ad42>2.5 E F0(.)
+A F3(emacs)184 390 Q F0 .089
+(Use an emacs-style command line editing interf)224 390 R 2.589
(ace. This)-.1 F .089(is enabled by def)2.589 F(ault)-.1 E .95
-(when the shell is interacti)224 264 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G .95
-(nless the shell is started with the)-3.45 F F1(\255\255noediting)3.45 E
-F0 2.5(option. This)224 276 R(also af)2.5 E(fects the editing interf)
--.25 E(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1(err)
-184 288 Q(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)224 288 Q F1<ad65>2.5 E F0(.)A F1
-(errtrace)184 300 Q F0(Same as)224 300 Q F1<ad45>2.5 E F0(.)A F1
-(functrace)184 312 Q F0(Same as)224 324 Q F1<ad54>2.5 E F0(.)A F1
-(hashall)184 336 Q F0(Same as)224 336 Q F1<ad68>2.5 E F0(.)A F1
-(histexpand)184 348 Q F0(Same as)224 360 Q F1<ad48>2.5 E F0(.)A F1
-(history)184 372 Q F0 1.001(Enable command history)224 372 R 3.502(,a)
--.65 G 3.502(sd)-3.502 G 1.002(escribed in)-3.502 F F3(bash\(1\))3.502 E
-F0(under)3.502 E F2(HIST)3.502 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0
-SF(.)A F0 1.002(This op-)5.502 F(tion is on by def)224 384 Q
-(ault in interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(ignor)184
-396 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.657(The ef)224 408 R 1.657
+(when the shell is interacti)224 402 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G .95
+(nless the shell is started with the)-3.45 F F3(\255\255noediting)3.45 E
+F0 2.5(option. This)224 414 R(also af)2.5 E(fects the editing interf)
+-.25 E(ace used for)-.1 E F3 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F3(err)
+184 426 Q(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)224 426 Q F3<ad65>2.5 E F0(.)A F3
+(errtrace)184 438 Q F0(Same as)224 438 Q F3<ad45>2.5 E F0(.)A F3
+(functrace)184 450 Q F0(Same as)224 462 Q F3<ad54>2.5 E F0(.)A F3
+(hashall)184 474 Q F0(Same as)224 474 Q F3<ad68>2.5 E F0(.)A F3
+(histexpand)184 486 Q F0(Same as)224 498 Q F3<ad48>2.5 E F0(.)A F3
+(history)184 510 Q F0 1.002(Enable command history)224 510 R 3.502(,a)
+-.65 G 3.502(sd)-3.502 G 1.002(escribed in)-3.502 F F2(bash\(1\))3.502 E
+F0(under)3.502 E F1(HIST)3.502 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0
+SF(.)A F0 1.001(This op-)5.502 F(tion is on by def)224 522 Q
+(ault in interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F3(ignor)184
+534 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.656(The ef)224 546 R 1.656
(fect is as if the shell command)-.25 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(IGNOREEOF=10)
-4.156 E F0 1.656(had been e)4.156 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E(\(see)224
-420 Q F1(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(in)2.5 E F3(bash\(1\))2.5 E F0
-(\).)A F1 -.1(ke)184 432 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 444 Q F1
-<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F
1(monitor)184 456 Q F0(Same as)224 456 Q F1<ad6d>2.5
-E F0(.)A F
1(noclob)184 468 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 480 Q F1<ad43>2.5
-E F0(.)A F
1(noexec)184 492 Q F0(Same as)224 492 Q F1<ad6e>2.5 E F0(.)A
-F1(noglob)184 504 Q F0(Same as)224 504 Q F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(nolog)
-184 516 Q F0(Currently ignored.)224 516 Q F1(notify)184 528 Q F0
-(Same as)224 528 Q F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(nounset)184 540 Q F0(Same as)
-224 540 Q F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184 552 Q F0(Same as)224 552 Q
-F1<ad74>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(ph)184 564 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)224 564 Q
-F1<ad50>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(pipefail)184 576 Q F0 1.029
-(If set, the return v)224 576 R 1.029(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F
-1.03(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.137(mand to e)224 588
-R 1.136
+4.157 E F0 1.657(had been e)4.157 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E(\(see)224
+558 Q F3(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(in)2.5 E F2(bash\(1\))2.5 E F0
+(\).)A F3 -.1(ke)184 570 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 582 Q F3
+<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F
3(monitor)184 594 Q F0(Same as)224 594 Q F3<ad6d>2.5
+E F0(.)A F
3(noclob)184 606 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 618 Q F3<ad43>2.5
+E F0(.)A F
3(noexec)184 630 Q F0(Same as)224 630 Q F3<ad6e>2.5 E F0(.)A
+F3(noglob)184 642 Q F0(Same as)224 642 Q F3<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F3(nolog)
+184 654 Q F0(Currently ignored.)224 654 Q F3(notify)184 666 Q F0
+(Same as)224 666 Q F3<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F3(nounset)184 678 Q F0(Same as)
+224 678 Q F3<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F3(onecmd)184 690 Q F0(Same as)224 690 Q
+F3<ad74>2.5 E F0(.)A F3(ph)184 702 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)224 702 Q
+F3<ad50>2.5 E F0(.)A F3(pipefail)184 714 Q F0 1.03(If set, the return v)
+224 714 R 1.029(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F 1.029
+(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.136(mand to e)224 726 R
+1.136
(xit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands in the pipeline)
--.15 F -.15(ex)224 600 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G
-(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 612 Q F0
-2.09(Change the beha)224 612 R 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0
-2.091(where the def)4.591 F 2.091(ault operation dif)-.1 F 2.091
-(fers from the)-.25 F 2.704(POSIX standard to match the standard \()224
-624 R F3 2.704(posix mode)B F0 5.204(\). See)B F2 2.704(SEE ALSO)5.204 F
-F0(in)4.953 E F3(bash\(1\))224 636 Q F0 1.844
-(for a reference to a document that details ho)4.344 F 4.344(wp)-.25 G
-1.845(osix mode af)-4.344 F(fects)-.25 E(bash')224 648 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G
-(eha)-2.5 E(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F1(pri)184 660 Q(vileged)-.1 E F0
-(Same as)224 672 Q F1<ad70>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 684 S(rbose).1 E
-F0(Same as)224 684 Q F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 696 Q F0 .209
-(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)224 696 R 2.709(ace. This)
--.1 F .209(also af)2.709 F .209(fects the editing in-)-.25 F(terf)224
-708 Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E
-(16)185.545 E 0 Cg EP
+-.15 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2023 January 27)141.79 E(16)190.95 E 0 Cg
+EP
%%Page: 17 17
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(xtrace)184 84 Q F0
-(Same as)224 84 Q F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 102 Q F1<ad6f>3.052 E F0
-.552(is supplied with no)3.052 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(option\255name)
-3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .553
-(alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.553 E F1(+o)184
-114 Q F0 1.072(is supplied with no)3.572 F F2(option\255name)3.572 E F0
-3.572(,a)C 1.071(series of)-.001 F F1(set)3.571 E F0 1.071
-(commands to recreate the current)3.571 F
-(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 126 Q F1<ad70>
-144 138 Q F0 -.45(Tu)184 138 S 1.071(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.821 E -.1
-(ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.341 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F
-/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F3($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV)
--.27 E F0 1.072(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.501
-(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 150 R 1.5
-(vironment, and the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)4 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3
--.27(BA)184 162 S(SHOPTS).27 E F4(,)A F3(CDP)2.774 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H)
-.855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.774 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.024 E F0 -.25(va)2.774 G
-.524(riables, if the).25 F 3.025(ya)-.15 G .525(ppear in the en)-3.025 F
-(vironment,)-.4 E .38(are ignored.)184 174 R .38
-(If the shell is started with the ef)5.38 F(fecti)-.25 E .679 -.15(ve u)
--.25 H .379(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real).15 F .461
-(user \(group\) id, and the)184 186 R F1<ad70>2.961 E F0 .461
-(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.961 F .462
-(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 198 Q .695 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .395
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E -.15(ex)224 84 S(it successfully).15 E 5
+(.T)-.65 G(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E/F1 10
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(posix)184 96 Q F0 2.091(Change the beha)224 96 R 2.091
+(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 2.091(where the def)4.591 F 2.091
+(ault operation dif)-.1 F 2.091(fers from the)-.25 F 2.704
+(POSIX standard to match the standard \()224 108 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
+SF 2.704(posix mode)B F0 5.204(\). See)B/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.704
+(SEE ALSO)5.204 F F0(in)4.954 E F2(bash\(1\))224 120 Q F0 1.844
+(for a reference to a document that details ho)4.345 F 4.344(wp)-.25 G
+1.844(osix mode af)-4.344 F(fects)-.25 E(bash')224 132 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G
+(eha)-2.5 E(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F1(pri)184 144 Q(vileged)-.1 E F0
+(Same as)224 156 Q F1<ad70>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 168 S(rbose).1 E
+F0(Same as)224 168 Q F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 180 Q F0 .209
+(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)224 180 R 2.709(ace. This)
+-.1 F .209(also af)2.709 F .21(fects the editing in-)-.25 F(terf)224 192
+Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1(xtrace)
+184 204 Q F0(Same as)224 204 Q F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 222 Q F1
+<ad6f>3.053 E F0 .553(is supplied with no)3.053 F F2(option\255name)
+3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .552
+(alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.552 E F1(+o)184
+234 Q F0 1.071(is supplied with no)3.571 F F2(option\255name)3.571 E F0
+3.571(,as)C 1.071(eries of)-3.571 F F1(set)3.572 E F0 1.072
+(commands to recreate the current)3.572 F
+(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 246 Q F1<ad70>
+144 258 Q F0 -.45(Tu)184 258 S 1.072(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.822 E -.1
+(ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.342 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F
+F3($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F3($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV)-.27 E F0 1.071
+(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.5
+(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 270 R 1.501
+(vironment, and the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)4.001 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A
+F3 -.27(BA)184 282 S(SHOPTS).27 E F4(,)A F3(CDP)2.775 E -.855(AT)-.666 G
+(H).855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.775 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.025 E F0 -.25(va)2.775 G
+.524(riables, if the).25 F 3.024(ya)-.15 G .524(ppear in the en)-3.024 F
+(vironment,)-.4 E .379(are ignored.)184 294 R .379
+(If the shell is started with the ef)5.379 F(fecti)-.25 E .679 -.15
+(ve u)-.25 H .38(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real).15 F .462
+(user \(group\) id, and the)184 306 R F1<ad70>2.961 E F0 .461
+(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.961 F .461
+(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 318 Q .694 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .394
(ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F .395(If the)5.395 F F1<ad70>
-2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.895 F(fecti)-.25
-E -.15(ve)-.25 G .386(user id is not reset.)184 210 R -.45(Tu)5.386 G
-.386(rning this option of).45 F 2.886(fc)-.25 G .387(auses the ef)-2.886
-F(fecti)-.25 E .687 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .387(ser and group ids to be).15 F
-(set to the real user and group ids.)184 222 Q F1<ad72>144 234 Q F0
-(Enable restricted shell mode.)184 234 Q
-(This option cannot be unset once it has been set.)5 E F1<ad74>144 246 Q
-F0(Exit after reading and e)184 246 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
-(cuting one command.).15 E F1<ad75>144 258 Q F0 -.35(Tr)184 258 S .774
+2.895 E F0 .395(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.895 F(fecti)-.25
+E -.15(ve)-.25 G .387(user id is not reset.)184 330 R -.45(Tu)5.387 G
+.387(rning this option of).45 F 2.886(fc)-.25 G .386(auses the ef)-2.886
+F(fecti)-.25 E .686 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .386(ser and group ids to be).15 F
+(set to the real user and group ids.)184 342 Q F1<ad72>144 354 Q F0
+(Enable restricted shell mode.)184 354 Q
+(This option cannot be unset once it has been set.)5 E F1<ad74>144 366 Q
+F0(Exit after reading and e)184 366 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
+(cuting one command.).15 E F1<ad75>144 378 Q F0 -.35(Tr)184 378 S .773
(eat unset v).35 F .773(ariables and parameters other than the special \
-parameters "@" and "*", or)-.25 F .459(array v)184 270 R .459(ariables \
-subscripted with "@" or "*", as an error when performing parameter e)
--.25 F(x-)-.15 E 2.891(pansion. If)184 282 R -.15(ex)2.891 G .391
+parameters "@" and "*", or)-.25 F .46(array v)184 390 R .459(ariables s\
+ubscripted with "@" or "*", as an error when performing parameter e)-.25
+F(x-)-.15 E 2.89(pansion. If)184 402 R -.15(ex)2.89 G .391
(pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F .391(ariable or parameter)-.25
-F 2.89(,t)-.4 G .39(he shell prints an)-2.89 F
-(error message, and, if not interacti)184 294 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(,e)
-.15 G(xits with a non-zero status.)-2.65 E F1<ad76>144 306 Q F0
-(Print shell input lines as the)184 306 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E
-F1<ad78>144 318 Q F0 .315(After e)184 318 R .315(xpanding each)-.15 F F2
+F 2.891(,t)-.4 G .391(he shell prints an)-2.891 F
+(error message, and, if not interacti)184 414 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(,e)
+.15 G(xits with a non-zero status.)-2.65 E F1<ad76>144 426 Q F0
+(Print shell input lines as the)184 426 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E
+F1<ad78>144 438 Q F0 .315(After e)184 438 R .315(xpanding each)-.15 F F2
.315(simple command)2.815 F F0(,)A F1 -.25(fo)2.815 G(r).25 E F0
(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(select)2.815 E
-F0(command,)2.815 E 1.236(or arithmetic)184 330 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r)
+F0(command,)2.815 E 1.235(or arithmetic)184 450 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r)
.25 E F0 1.236(command, display the e)3.736 F 1.236(xpanded v)-.15 F
1.236(alue of)-.25 F F3(PS4)3.736 E F4(,)A F0(follo)3.486 E 1.236
-(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 342 Q(xpanded ar)-.15 E
-(guments or associated w)-.18 E(ord list.)-.1 E F1<ad42>144 354 Q F0
-1.053(The shell performs brace e)184 354 R 1.053(xpansion \(see)-.15 F
-F1 1.053(Brace Expansion)3.553 F F0(in)3.553 E F2(bash\(1\))3.553 E F0
-3.553(\). This)B 1.053(is on by)3.553 F(def)184 366 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1
-<ad43>144 378 Q F0 .214(If set,)184 378 R F1(bash)2.714 E F0 .214
-(does not o)2.714 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214
-(xisting \214le with the)-.15 F F1(>)2.714 E F0(,)A F1(>&)2.714 E F0
-2.713(,a)C(nd)-2.713 E F1(<>)2.713 E F0 .213(redirection opera-)2.713 F
-3.053(tors. This)184 390 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553
+(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 462 Q(xpanded ar)-.15 E
+(guments or associated w)-.18 E(ord list, to standard error)-.1 E(.)-.55
+E F1<ad42>144 474 Q F0 1.053(The shell performs brace e)184 474 R 1.053
+(xpansion \(see)-.15 F F1 1.053(Brace Expansion)3.553 F F0(in)3.553 E F2
+(bash\(1\))3.553 E F0 3.553(\). This)B 1.053(is on by)3.553 F(def)184
+486 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1<ad43>144 498 Q F0 .213(If set,)184 498 R F1(bash)
+2.713 E F0 .213(does not o)2.713 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F
+.214(xisting \214le with the)-.15 F F1(>)2.714 E F0(,)A F1(>&)2.714 E F0
+2.714(,a)C(nd)-2.714 E F1(<>)2.714 E F0 .214(redirection opera-)2.714 F
+3.054(tors. This)184 510 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553
(rridden when creating output \214les by using the redirection opera-)
-.15 F(tor)184 402 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1
-<ad45>144 414 Q F0 .104(If set, an)184 414 R 2.604(yt)-.15 G .104
-(rap on)-2.604 F F1(ERR)2.604 E F0 .103
-(is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.604
-F .838(mands e)184 426 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .838(cuted in a subshell en).15
-F 3.338(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .839
-(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 438 Q F1
-<ad48>144 450 Q F0(Enable)184 450 Q F1(!)3.032 E F0 .532
-(style history substitution.)5.532 F .531(This option is on by def)5.532
-F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 462 Q -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 474 Q F0 .959
-(If set, the shell does not resolv)184 474 R 3.459(es)-.15 G .959
-(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .96
-(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.46 E F0 1.453
-(that change the current w)184 486 R 1.453(orking directory)-.1 F 6.453
-(.I)-.65 G 3.952(tu)-6.453 G 1.452(ses the ph)-3.952 F 1.452
-(ysical directory structure in-)-.05 F 3.334(stead. By)184 498 R(def)
-3.334 E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)3.334 E F0(follo)3.334 E .834
+.15 F(tor)184 522 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1
+<ad45>144 534 Q F0 .103(If set, an)184 534 R 2.603(yt)-.15 G .103
+(rap on)-2.603 F F1(ERR)2.603 E F0 .104
+(is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.603
+F .839(mands e)184 546 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .839(cuted in a subshell en).15
+F 3.339(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .838
+(trap is normally not inherited in)3.338 F(such cases.)184 558 Q F1
+<ad48>144 570 Q F0(Enable)184 570 Q F1(!)3.031 E F0 .531
+(style history substitution.)5.531 F .531(This option is on by def)5.531
+F .532(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 582 Q -.15
+(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 594 Q F0 .96
+(If set, the shell does not resolv)184 594 R 3.459(es)-.15 G .959
+(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .959
+(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.459 E F0 1.452
+(that change the current w)184 606 R 1.452(orking directory)-.1 F 6.452
+(.I)-.65 G 3.953(tu)-6.452 G 1.453(ses the ph)-3.953 F 1.453
+(ysical directory structure in-)-.05 F 3.335(stead. By)184 618 R(def)
+3.335 E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)3.334 E F0(follo)3.334 E .834
(ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F
-(mands which change the current directory)184
510 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144
-522 Q F0 .89(If set, an)184 522 R 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1
+(mands which change the current directory)184
630 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144
+642 Q F0 .89(If set, an)184 642 R 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1
(DEB)3.39 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)3.39 E F1(RETURN)3.39 E F0 .89
(are inherited by shell functions, command)3.39 F 1.932
-(substitutions, and commands e)184 534 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932
+(substitutions, and commands e)184 654 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932
(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E
-(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 546 Q F0
-(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 558 Q
-F0 .401(If no ar)184 558 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G
-.401(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F
-(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 570 Q F2
-(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G
+(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 666 Q F0
+(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 678 Q
+F0 .4(If no ar)184 678 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401
+(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F
+(Otherwise,)5.401 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 690 Q
+F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G
(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad>144
-582 Q F0 .796(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)184 582 R
-F2(ar)3.297 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.297(st)C 3.297(ob)-3.297 G 3.297(ea)-3.297 G
-.797(ssigned to the positional pa-)-3.297 F 3.022(rameters. The)184 594
-R F1<ad78>3.02
2 E F0(and)3.022 E F1<ad76>3.022 E F0 .522
+702 Q F0 .797(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)184 702 R
+F2(ar)3.297 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.297(st)C 3.297(ob)-3.297 G 3.296(ea)-3.297 G
+.796(ssigned to the positional pa-)-3.296 F 3.021(rameters. The)184 714
+R F1<ad78>3.02
1 E F0(and)3.022 E F1<ad76>3.022 E F0 .522
(options are turned of)3.022 F 3.022(f. If)-.25 F .522(there are no)
-3.022 F F2(ar)3.022 E(g)-.37 E F0 .521(s, the positional pa-)B
-(rameters remain unchanged.)184 606 Q .425(The options are of)144 622.8
-R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425
-(ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425
-(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .178
-(to be turned of)144 634.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178
-(options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in)
--.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066
-(current set of options may be found in)144 646.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0
-5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066
-(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .067(lid option).25 F
-(is encountered.)144 658.8 Q F1(shift)108 675.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
-(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 687.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0
-.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G
-.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 699.6 Q F1($#)2.582
-E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.582 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .082
-(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga)
--.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .083(umber less than or equal to)
-.15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f)-5.083 E F2(n)2.943 E F0 .06
-(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 711.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0
-.06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F
-(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56
-(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 723.6 R
-.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0
-.144(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
-(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(17)185.545 E 0 Cg EP
+3.022 F F2(ar)3.022 E(g)-.37 E F0 .522(s, the positional pa-)B
+(rameters remain unchanged.)184 726 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
+(2023 January 27)141.79 E(17)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 18 18
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 84 Q/F1
-10/Times-Bold@0 SF(shopt)108 100.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)
-C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(optname)-2.5 E F0
-(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 112.8 S .64(ggle the v).8 F .639
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .425(The options are of)144 84 R 2.925(fb)
+-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425(ault unless otherwise noted.)
+-.1 F .425(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .177
+(to be turned of)144 96 R 2.677(f. The)-.25 F .178
+(options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in)
+-.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .178(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.178 E .066
+(current set of options may be found in)144 108 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
+<24ad>2.566 E F0 5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)
+-.1 G .066(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .066(lid option).25 F
+(is encountered.)144 120 Q F1(shift)108 136.8 Q F0([)2.5 E/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A .428(The positional parameters from)144
+148.8 R F2(n)2.928 E F0 .429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)
+2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.429 G .429(rameters represented by the num-).15 F
+(bers)144 160.8 Q F1($#)2.583 E F0(do)2.583 E .083(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)
+2.583 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .083(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.443 E F0 .083
+(must be a non-ne)2.823 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .382 -.15(ve n)-.25 H
+.082(umber less than or equal to).15 F F1($#)2.582 E F0 5.082(.I)C(f)
+-5.082 E F2(n)2.942 E F0 .06(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 172.8
+R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06
+(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06
+(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .144
+(positional parameters are not changed.)144 184.8 R .144
+(The return status is greater than zero if)5.144 F F2(n)3.003 E F0 .143
+(is greater than)2.883 F F1($#)2.643 E F0
+(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 196.8 Q F1(shopt)108 213.6 Q F0([)
+2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname)
+-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 225.6 S .639(ggle the v).8 F .639
(alues of settings controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E
-5.639(.T)-.55 G .639(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .374
-(listed belo)144 124.8 R 1.674 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.174 -.4(r, i).65 H
-2.874(ft).4 G(he)-2.874 E F1<ad6f>2.874 E F0 .375
+5.639(.T)-.55 G .64(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .375
+(listed belo)144 237.6 R 1.675 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.175 -.4(r, i).65 H
+2.875(ft).4 G(he)-2.875 E F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .375
(option is used, those a)2.875 F -.25(va)-.2 G .375(ilable with the).25
-F F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .375(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.875 E F0 -.2
-(bu)2.875 G .375(iltin com-).2 F 2.566(mand. W)144 136.8 R .066
+F F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .374(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.874 E F0 -.2
+(bu)2.874 G .374(iltin com-).2 F 2.565(mand. W)144 249.6 R .065
(ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F1<ad70>2.566 E F0 .066
(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an in-)2.566
-F .074(dication of whether or not each is set; if)144 148.8 R F2
+F .074(dication of whether or not each is set; if)144 261.6 R F2
(optnames)2.574 E F0 .074
(are supplied, the output is restricted to those op-)2.574 F 3.105
-(tions. The)144
160.8 R F1<ad70>3.105 E F0 .605(option causes output to\
+(tions. The)144
273.6 R F1<ad70>3.105 E F0 .605(option causes output to\
be displayed in a form that may be reused as input.)3.105 F(Other)5.605
-E(options ha)144 172.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
-(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>144 184.8 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)180
-184.8 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 196.8 Q F0
-(Disable \(unset\) each)180
196.8 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144
-208.8 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the return sta\
-tus indicates whether the)180 208.8 R F2(optname)2.504 E F0(is)2.504 E
-.256(set or unset.)180 220.8 R .256(If multiple)5.256 F F2(optname)2.756
-E F0(ar)2.756 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G
-(ith)-2.756 E F1<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.755(,t)C .255
-(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F(all)180 232.8 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E
-F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 244.8 Q F0
-(Restricts the v)180 244.8 Q(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0
+E(options ha)144 285.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
+(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>144 297.6 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)180
+297.6 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 309.6 Q F0
+(Disable \(unset\) each)180
309.6 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144
+321.6 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the return sta\
+tus indicates whether the)180 321.6 R F2(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E
+.255(set or unset.)180 333.6 R .255(If multiple)5.255 F F2(optname)2.755
+E F0(ar)2.755 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G
+(ith)-2.756 E F1<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256
+(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F(all)180 345.6 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E
+F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 357.6 Q F0
+(Restricts the v)180 357.6 Q(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0
(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0(option to the)2.5
-E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .624(If either)144 261.6 R F1
-<ad73>3.12
4 E F0(or)3.124 E F1<ad75>3.124 E F0 .624(is used with no)
+E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .625(If either)144 374.4 R F1
+<ad73>3.12
5 E F0(or)3.124 E F1<ad75>3.124 E F0 .624(is used with no)
3.124 F F2(optname)3.124 E F0(ar)3.124 E(guments,)-.18 E F1(shopt)3.124
-E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F .984
-(set or unset, respecti)144 273.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.984(.U)
--.65 G .984(nless otherwise noted, the)-5.984 F F1(shopt)3.484 E F0 .983
-(options are disabled \(unset\) by de-)3.483 F -.1(fa)144 285.6 S(ult.)
+E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F .983
+(set or unset, respecti)144 386.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.983(.U)
+-.65 G .983(nless otherwise noted, the)-5.983 F F1(shopt)3.484 E F0 .984
+(options are disabled \(unset\) by de-)3.484 F -.1(fa)144 398.4 S(ult.)
.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144
-302.4 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)
-4.045 F .696
+415.2 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)
+4.044 F .696
(When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an)
-144 314.4 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695
-(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 326.4 Q(The list of)144 343.2 Q F1(shopt)
-2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F1(assoc_expand_once)144 361.2 Q F0 1.944
-(If set, the shell suppresses multiple e)184 373.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G
-1.945(luation of associati).25 F 2.245 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 1.945
-(rray subscripts during).15 F .885(arithmetic e)184 385.2 R .885
+144 427.2 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696
+(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 439.2 Q(The list of)144 456 Q F1(shopt)
+2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F1(assoc_expand_once)144 474 Q F0 1.945
+(If set, the shell suppresses multiple e)184 486 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.944
+(luation of associati).25 F 2.244 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 1.944
+(rray subscripts during).15 F .885(arithmetic e)184 498 R .885
(xpression e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .885(luation, while e).25 F -.15(xe)
-.15 G .885(cuting b).15 F .885(uiltins that can perform v)-.2 F .885
-(ariable as-)-.25 F(signments, and while e)184 397.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
+(ariable as-)-.25 F(signments, and while e)184 510 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
(cuting b).15 E(uiltins that perform array dereferencing.)-.2 E F1
-(autocd)144 409.2 Q F0 .199
-(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)184 409.2 R
--.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
-(ment to the)184 421.2 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
+(autocd)144 522 Q F0 .2
+(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)184 522 R
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .199(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
+(ment to the)184 534 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
(option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E
-F1(cdable_v)144 433.2 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 445.2 R .156
-(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155
+F1(cdable_v)144 546 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 558 R .155
+(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156
(iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F
-(name of a v)184 457.2 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
-(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 469.2 Q F0
+(name of a v)184 570 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
+(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 582 Q F0
1.055
(If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)184
-469.2 R F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988
-(corrected. The)184 481.2 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487
-(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a)
--.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .77(one character too man)184 493.2 R 4.57 -.65(y. I)
+582 R F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987
+(corrected. The)184 594 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487
+(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a)
+-.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .77(one character too man)184 606 R 4.57 -.65(y. I)
-.15 H 3.27(fac).65 G .77
(orrection is found, the corrected \214lename is printed, and)-3.27 F
-(the command proceeds.)184 505.2 Q
-(This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.)
-.15 E F1(checkhash)144 517.2 Q F0 .737(If set,)184 529.2 R F1(bash)3.237
-E F0 .736(checks that a command found in the hash table e)3.237 F .736
-(xists before trying to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cute it.)184
-541.2 Q(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E
-(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 553.2
-Q F0 .448(If set,)184 565.2 R F1(bash)2.948 E F0 .448
-(lists the status of an)2.948 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .449
-(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .449(xiting an interacti)-.15
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.662(shell. If)184 577.2 R(an)2.662 E 2.661(yj)-.15 G
+(the command proceeds.)184 618 Q(This option is only used by interacti)5
+E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(checkhash)144 630 Q F0 .736
+(If set,)184 642 R F1(bash)3.236 E F0 .736
+(checks that a command found in the hash table e)3.236 F .737
+(xists before trying to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cute it.)184 654
+Q(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E
+(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 666 Q
+F0 .449(If set,)184 678 R F1(bash)2.949 E F0 .449
+(lists the status of an)2.949 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .448
+(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .448(xiting an interacti)-.15
+F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.661(shell. If)184 690 R(an)2.661 E 2.661(yj)-.15 G
.161(obs are running, this causes the e)-2.661 F .161
-(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .161(xit is at-)-.15 F 1.091
-(tempted without an interv)184 589.2 R 1.091(ening command \(see)-.15 F
-/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.091(JOB CONTR)3.591 F(OL)-.27 E F0(in)3.341 E F2
-(bash\(1\))3.591 E F0 3.591(\). The)B(shell)3.591 E(al)184 601.2 Q -.1
-(wa)-.1 G(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G
-(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 613.2 Q F0 1.09(If set,)184
-625.2 R F1(bash)3.59 E F0 1.09(checks the windo)3.59 F 3.59(ws)-.25 G
-1.09(ize after each e)-3.59 F 1.09(xternal \(non-b)-.15 F 1.09
-(uiltin\) command and, if)-.2 F(necessary)184 637.2 Q 3.35(,u)-.65 G .85
-(pdates the v)-3.35 F .85(alues of)-.25 F F3(LINES)3.35 E F0(and)3.1 E
-F3(COLUMNS)3.35 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .85
-(This option is enabled by de-)5.35 F -.1(fa)184 649.2 S(ult.).1 E F1
-(cmdhist)144 661.2 Q F0 .173(If set,)184 661.2 R F1(bash)2.673 E F0 .173
-(attempts to sa)2.673 F .473 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .172
-(ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history en-).15 F(try)
-184 673.2 Q 5.596(.T)-.65 G .597(his allo)-5.596 F .597
-(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 F .597
-(This option is enabled by de-)5.597 F -.1(fa)184 685.2 S .052(ult, b).1
-F .052(ut only has an ef)-.2 F .052
-(fect if command history is enabled, as described in)-.25 F F2
-(bash\(1\))2.552 E F0(under)2.552 E F3(HIST)184 697.2 Q(OR)-.162 E(Y)
--.315 E F4(.)A F0(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
-(mber 22).15 E(18)185.545 E 0 Cg EP
+(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .162(xit is at-)-.15 F 1.091
+(tempted without an interv)184 702 R 1.091(ening command \(see)-.15 F/F3
+9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.091(JOB CONTR)3.591 F(OL)-.27 E F0(in)3.341 E F2
+(bash\(1\))3.591 E F0 3.591(\). The)B(shell)3.591 E(al)184 714 Q -.1(wa)
+-.1 G(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G
+(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2023 January 27)141.79 E
+(18)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 19 19
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(compat31)144 84 Q
-(compat32)144 96 Q(compat40)144 108 Q(compat41)144 120 Q(compat42)144
-132 Q(compat43)144 144 Q(compat44)144 156 Q(compat50)144 168 Q F0 .889
-(These control aspects of the shell')184 180 R 3.389(sc)-.55 G .889
-(ompatibility mode \(see)-3.389 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .889(SHELL COMP)
-3.389 F -.855(AT)-.666 G(IBILITY).855 E(MODE)184 192 Q F0(in)2.25 E/F3
-10/Times-Italic@0 SF(bash\(1\))2.5 E F0(\).)A F1(complete_fullquote)144
-208.8 Q F0 .654(If set,)184 220.8 R F1(bash)3.153 E F0 .653(quotes all \
-shell metacharacters in \214lenames and directory names when per)3.153 F
-(-)-.2 E 1.524(forming completion.)184 232.8 R 1.524(If not set,)6.524 F
-F1(bash)4.024 E F0(remo)4.024 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.024(sm).15 G 1.524
-(etacharacters such as the dollar sign)-4.024 F 2.667(from the set of c\
-haracters that will be quoted in completed \214lenames when these)184
-244.8 R .028(metacharacters appear in shell v)184 256.8 R .028
-(ariable references in w)-.25 F .029(ords to be completed.)-.1 F .029
-(This means)5.029 F 1.073(that dollar signs in v)184 268.8 R 1.073
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(checkwinsize)144 84 Q
+F0 1.09(If set,)184 96 R F1(bash)3.59 E F0 1.09(checks the windo)3.59 F
+3.59(ws)-.25 G 1.09(ize after each e)-3.59 F 1.09(xternal \(non-b)-.15 F
+1.09(uiltin\) command and, if)-.2 F(necessary)184 108 Q 3.351(,u)-.65 G
+.851(pdates the v)-3.351 F .85(alues of)-.25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
+(LINES)3.35 E F0(and)3.1 E F2(COLUMNS)3.35 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A
+F0 .85(This option is enabled by de-)5.35 F -.1(fa)184 120 S(ult.).1 E
+F1(cmdhist)144 132 Q F0 .172(If set,)184 132 R F1(bash)2.672 E F0 .172
+(attempts to sa)2.672 F .472 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .173
+(ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history en-).15 F(try)
+184 144 Q 5.597(.T)-.65 G .597(his allo)-5.597 F .597
+(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 F .597
+(This option is enabled by de-)5.597 F -.1(fa)184 156 S .052(ult, b).1 F
+.052(ut only has an ef)-.2 F .052
+(fect if command history is enabled, as described in)-.25 F/F4 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(bash\(1\))2.552 E F0(under)2.552 E F2(HIST)184 168 Q
+(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F3(.)A F1(compat31)144 180 Q(compat32)144 192 Q
+(compat40)144 204 Q(compat41)144 216 Q(compat42)144 228 Q(compat43)144
+240 Q(compat44)144 252 Q(compat50)144 264 Q F0 .889
+(These control aspects of the shell')184 276 R 3.389(sc)-.55 G .889
+(ompatibility mode \(see)-3.389 F F2 .889(SHELL COMP)3.389 F -.855(AT)
+-.666 G(IBILITY).855 E(MODE)184 288 Q F0(in)2.25 E F4(bash\(1\))2.5 E F0
+(\).)A F1(complete_fullquote)144 304.8 Q F0 .653(If set,)184 316.8 R F1
+(bash)3.153 E F0 .653(quotes all shell metacharacters in \214lenames an\
+d directory names when per)3.153 F(-)-.2 E 1.525(forming completion.)184
+328.8 R 1.524(If not set,)6.525 F F1(bash)4.024 E F0(remo)4.024 E -.15
+(ve)-.15 G 4.024(sm).15 G 1.524(etacharacters such as the dollar sign)
+-4.024 F 2.667(from the set of characters that will be quoted in comple\
+ted \214lenames when these)184 340.8 R .029
+(metacharacters appear in shell v)184 352.8 R .028
+(ariable references in w)-.25 F .028(ords to be completed.)-.1 F .028
+(This means)5.028 F 1.072(that dollar signs in v)184 364.8 R 1.073
(ariable names that e)-.25 F 1.073
(xpand to directories will not be quoted; ho)-.15 F(w-)-.25 E -2.15 -.25
-(ev e)184 280.8 T 1.922 -.4(r, a).25 H 1.422 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.123
+(ev e)184 376.8 T 1.923 -.4(r, a).25 H 1.423 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.123
(ollar signs appearing in \214lenames will not be quoted, either).15 F
-6.123(.T)-.55 G 1.123(his is acti)-6.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .59
+6.123(.T)-.55 G 1.122(his is acti)-6.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .59
(only when bash is using backslashes to quote completed \214lenames.)184
-292.8 R .59(This v)5.59 F .59(ariable is set)-.25 F(by def)184 304.8 Q
+388.8 R .59(This v)5.59 F .59(ariable is set)-.25 F(by def)184 400.8 Q
(ault, which is the def)-.1 E(ault bash beha)-.1 E(vior in v)-.2 E
-(ersions through 4.2.)-.15 E F1(dir)144 321.6 Q(expand)-.18 E F0 .486
-(If set,)184 333.6 R F1(bash)2.986 E F0 .486
+(ersions through 4.2.)-.15 E F1(dir)144 417.6 Q(expand)-.18 E F0 .487
+(If set,)184 429.6 R F1(bash)2.987 E F0 .486
(replaces directory names with the results of w)2.986 F .486(ord e)-.1 F
-.487(xpansion when perform-)-.15 F .18(ing \214lename completion.)184
-345.6 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.18 F
-(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.179(.I)-.55 G 2.679(fn)-5.179 G(ot)-2.679 E(set,)
-184 357.6 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G
-(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F1(dirspell)144 374.4 Q F0 .858(If set,)184
-374.4 R F1(bash)3.358 E F0 .858
-(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.358 F .859
+.486(xpansion when perform-)-.15 F .179(ing \214lename completion.)184
+441.6 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.179 F
+(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.18(.I)-.55 G 2.68(fn)-5.18 G(ot)-2.68 E(set,)184
+453.6 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G
+(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F1(dirspell)144 470.4 Q F0 .859(If set,)184
+470.4 R F1(bash)3.359 E F0 .858
+(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.359 F .858
(ord completion if)-.1 F
-(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 386.4 Q(xist.)-.15
-E F1(dotglob)144 403.2 Q F0 .165(If set,)184 403.2 R F1(bash)2.665 E F0
+(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 482.4 Q(xist.)-.15
+E F1(dotglob)144 499.2 Q F0 .165(If set,)184 499.2 R F1(bash)2.665 E F0
.165(includes \214lenames be)2.665 F .165(ginning with a `.)-.15 F 2.665
('i)-.7 G 2.665(nt)-2.665 G .165(he results of pathname e)-2.665 F
-(xpansion.)-.15 E(The \214lenames)184 415.2 Q F1 -.63(``)2.5 G -.55(.')
+(xpansion.)-.15 E(The \214lenames)184 511.2 Q F1 -.63(``)2.5 G -.55(.')
.63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)5 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0
(must al)5.63 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys be matched e).1 E(xplicitly)-.15 E 2.5
(,e)-.65 G -.15(ve)-2.75 G 2.5(ni).15 G(f)-2.5 E F1(dotglob)2.5 E F0
-(is set.)2.5 E F1(execfail)144 432 Q F0 .516(If set, a non-interacti)184
-432 R .816 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .516(hell will not e).15 F .516
-(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .517
+(is set.)2.5 E F1(execfail)144 528 Q F0 .517(If set, a non-interacti)184
+528 R .817 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .517(hell will not e).15 F .516
+(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .516
(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an ar).15 F(-)-.2 E(gument to the)184
-444 Q F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E(An interacti)5 E
+540 Q F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E(An interacti)5 E
.3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0
--.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 460.8 Q F0 .743
-(If set, aliases are e)184 472.8 R .743(xpanded as described in)-.15 F
-F3(bash\(1\))3.243 E F0(under)3.243 E F2(ALIASES)3.243 E/F4 9
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .742(This option is en-)5.243 F(abled by def)
-184 484.8 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1
-(extdeb)144 501.6 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 .17(If set at shell in)184 513.6 R -.2
-(vo)-.4 G .17(cation, or in a shell startup \214le, arrange to e).2 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .17(cute the deb).15 F .17(ugger pro\214le)-.2 F 1.082
-(before the shell starts, identical to the)184
525.6 R F1<adad646562>
-3.582 E(ugger)-.2 E F0 3.581(option. If)3.581 F 1.081(set after in)3.581
-F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.081(cation, be-).2 F(ha)184 537.6 Q
+-.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 556.8 Q F0 .742
+(If set, aliases are e)184 568.8 R .743(xpanded as described in)-.15 F
+F4(bash\(1\))3.243 E F0(under)3.243 E F2(ALIASES)3.243 E F3(.)A F0 .743
+(This option is en-)5.243 F(abled by def)184 580.8 Q(ault for interacti)
+-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(extdeb)144 597.6 Q(ug)-.2 E F0
+.17(If set at shell in)184 609.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .17
+(cation, or in a shell startup \214le, arrange to e).2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
+.17(cute the deb).15 F .17(ugger pro\214le)-.2 F 1.081
+(before the shell starts, identical to the)184
621.6 R F1<adad646562>
+3.582 E(ugger)-.2 E F0 3.582(option. If)3.582 F 1.082(set after in)3.582
+F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.082(cation, be-).2 F(ha)184 633.6 Q
(vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184
-554.4 Q F0(The)220 554.4 Q F1<ad46>4.25 E F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F
-F1(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251 G 1.751
+650.4 Q F0(The)220 650.4 Q F1<ad46>4.251 E F0 1.751(option to the)4.251
+F F1(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251 G 1.751
(iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F
-(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 566.4
-Q(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 583.2 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)
-220 583.2 R F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v)
+(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 662.4
+Q(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 679.2 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)
+220 679.2 R F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v)
4.167 F 1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E
-(command is skipped and not e)220 595.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1
-(3.)184 612 Q F0 .84(If the command run by the)220 612 R F1(DEB)3.34 E
-(UG)-.1 E F0 .841(trap returns a v)3.341 F .841
-(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15(exe)220 624 S .488
+(command is skipped and not e)220 691.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1
+(3.)184 708 Q F0 .841(If the command run by the)220 708 R F1(DEB)3.341 E
+(UG)-.1 E F0 .841(trap returns a v)3.341 F .84
+(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15(exe)220 720 S .488
(cuting in a subroutine \(a shell function or a shell script e).15 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F1(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E F1
-(sour)220 636 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G
-(iltins\), the shell simulates a call to).2 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E
-(n)-.15 E F0(.)A F1(4.)184 652.8 Q F2 -.27(BA)220 652.8 S(SH_ARGC).27 E
-F0(and)3.153 E F2 -.27(BA)3.403 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .904
-(are updated as described in their descriptions)3.154 F(in)220 664.8 Q
-F3(bash\(1\))2.5 E F0(\).)A F1(5.)184 681.6 Q F0 1.637(Function tracing\
- is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)220 681.6 R
-(shells in)220 693.6 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E
-F1(\()2.5 E F3(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(DEB)2.5
-E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.)184 710.4
-Q F0 1.082(Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functi\
-ons, and subshells)220 710.4 R(in)220 722.4 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
-2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F3(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0
-(inherit the)2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5 E F0(trap.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
-(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(19)185.545 E 0 Cg EP
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F1(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2023 January 27)141.79 E(19)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 20 20
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(extglob)144 84 Q F0
-.273(If set, the e)184 84 R .273
-(xtended pattern matching features described in)-.15 F/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(bash\(1\))2.772 E F0(under)2.772 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.772 G
-.272(thname Ex-).1 F(pansion)184 96 Q F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)
-144 112.8 Q F0 .86(If set,)184 124.8 R F1($)3.36 E F0<08>A F2(string)A
-F0 3.36<0861>C(nd)-3.36 E F1($)3.36 E F0(")A F2(string)A F0 3.36("q)C
-.86(uoting is performed within)-3.36 F F1(${)3.36 E F2(par)A(ameter)-.15
-E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)3.36 G .86(pansions en-).15 F
-(closed in double quotes.)184 136.8 Q(This option is enabled by def)5 E
-(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 153.6 Q F0 .243(If set, patterns which f)
-184 153.6 R .243(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F .243
-(xpansion result in an e)-.15 F(x-)-.15 E(pansion error)184 165.6 Q(.)
--.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 182.4 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0
-.936(If set, the suf)184 194.4 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the)
--.15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(FIGNORE)3.436 E F0 .936(shell v)3.186 F .936
-(ariable cause w)-.25 F .937(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32
-(when performing w)184 206.4 R .32(ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G .32(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32
-(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 3.293(pletions. See)184 218.4 R
-F3 .793(SHELL V)3.293 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0(in)3.043 E F2(bash\(1\))
-3.293 E F0 .794(for a description of)3.293 F F3(FIGNORE)3.294 E/F4 9
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .794(This op-)5.294 F(tion is enabled by def)
-184 230.4 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globasciiranges)144 247.2 Q F0 2.519
-(If set, range e)184 259.2 R 2.519
-(xpressions used in pattern matching brack)-.15 F 2.518(et e)-.1 F 2.518
-(xpressions \(see)-.15 F F3 -.09(Pa)5.018 G(tter).09 E(n)-.135 E
-(Matching)184 271.2 Q F0(in)3.115 E F2(bash\(1\))3.365 E F0 3.365(\)b)C
-(eha)-3.365 E 1.165 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.365(si).15 G 3.365(fi)-3.365 G
-3.365(nt)-3.365 G .866(he traditional C locale when performing compar)
--3.365 F(-)-.2 E 2.668(isons. That)184 283.2 R .168
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(sour)220 84 Q(ce)-.18
+E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins\), the shell simulates a call to).2 E F1 -.18
+(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0(.)A F1(4.)184 100.8 Q/F2 9/Times-Bold@0
+SF -.27(BA)220 100.8 S(SH_ARGC).27 E F0(and)3.154 E F2 -.27(BA)3.404 G
+(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .904(are updated as described in their descriptions)
+3.154 F(in)220 112.8 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(bash\(1\))2.5 E F0(\).)A
+F1(5.)184 129.6 Q F0 1.637(Function tracing is enabled: command substit\
+ution, shell functions, and sub-)220 129.6 R(shells in)220 141.6 Q -.2
+(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F3(command)2.5
+E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.5 E F1
+(RETURN)2.5 E F0(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.)184 158.4 Q F0 1.082(Error tracing \
+is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and subshells)220
+158.4 R(in)220 170.4 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E
+F1(\()2.5 E F3(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5
+E F0(trap.)2.5 E F1(extglob)144 187.2 Q F0 .272(If set, the e)184 187.2
+R .272(xtended pattern matching features described in)-.15 F F3
+(bash\(1\))2.773 E F0(under)2.773 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.773 G .273(thname Ex-).1
+F(pansion)184 199.2 Q F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 216 Q F0 .86
+(If set,)184 228 R F1($)3.36 E F0<08>A F3(string)A F0 3.36<0861>C(nd)
+-3.36 E F1($)3.36 E F0(")A F3(string)A F0 3.36("q)C .86
+(uoting is performed within)-3.36 F F1(${)3.36 E F3(par)A(ameter)-.15 E
+F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)3.36 G .86(pansions en-).15 F
+(closed in double quotes.)184 240 Q(This option is enabled by def)5 E
+(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 256.8 Q F0 .242(If set, patterns which f)
+184 256.8 R .243(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F .243
+(xpansion result in an e)-.15 F(x-)-.15 E(pansion error)184 268.8 Q(.)
+-.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 285.6 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0
+.937(If set, the suf)184 297.6 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the)
+-.15 F F2(FIGNORE)3.436 E F0 .936(shell v)3.186 F .936(ariable cause w)
+-.25 F .936(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 309.6 R
+.32(ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G
+.32(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 3.294
+(pletions. See)184 321.6 R F2 .794(SHELL V)3.294 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0
+(in)3.044 E F3(bash\(1\))3.294 E F0 .793(for a description of)3.293 F F2
+(FIGNORE)3.293 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .793(This op-)5.293 F
+(tion is enabled by def)184 333.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globasciiranges)144
+350.4 Q F0 2.518(If set, range e)184 362.4 R 2.519
+(xpressions used in pattern matching brack)-.15 F 2.519(et e)-.1 F 2.519
+(xpressions \(see)-.15 F F2 -.09(Pa)5.019 G(tter).09 E(n)-.135 E
+(Matching)184 374.4 Q F0(in)3.116 E F3(bash\(1\))3.366 E F0 3.366(\)b)C
+(eha)-3.366 E 1.166 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.366(si).15 G 3.366(fi)-3.366 G
+3.365(nt)-3.366 G .865(he traditional C locale when performing compar)
+-3.365 F(-)-.2 E 2.668(isons. That)184 386.4 R .168
(is, the current locale')2.668 F 2.668(sc)-.55 G .168
(ollating sequence is not tak)-2.668 F .168(en into account, so)-.1 F F1
-(b)2.668 E F0(will)2.668 E .562(not collate between)184 295.2 R F1(A)
-3.062 E F0(and)3.062 E F1(B)3.062 E F0 3.062(,a)C .562(nd upper)-3.062 F
-.562(-case and lo)-.2 F(wer)-.25 E .563
-(-case ASCII characters will col-)-.2 F(late together)184 307.2 Q(.)-.55
-E F1(globskipdots)144 324 Q F0 .285(If set, pathname e)184 336 R .285
-(xpansion will ne)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.785(rm).15 G .285
+(b)2.668 E F0(will)2.668 E .563(not collate between)184 398.4 R F1(A)
+3.063 E F0(and)3.063 E F1(B)3.062 E F0 3.062(,a)C .562(nd upper)-3.062 F
+.562(-case and lo)-.2 F(wer)-.25 E .562
+(-case ASCII characters will col-)-.2 F(late together)184 410.4 Q(.)-.55
+E F1(globskipdots)144 427.2 Q F0 .284(If set, pathname e)184 439.2 R
+.284(xpansion will ne)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.785(rm).15 G .285
(atch the \214lenames)-2.785 F F1 -.63(``)2.785 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E
-F0(and)5.285 E F1 -.63(``)2.784 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 2.784(,e)
-.63 G -.15(ve)-3.034 G 2.784(ni).15 G 2.784(ft)-2.784 G .284(he pat-)
--2.784 F(tern be)184 348 Q(gins with a)-.15 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G -.55(.')
-.63 G(')-.08 E F0 5(.T)C(his option is enabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E
-F1(globstar)144 364.8 Q F0 .518(If set, the pattern)184 364.8 R F1(**)
-3.018 E F0 .519(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F
-.519(xt will match all \214les and zero)-.15 F .432
-(or more directories and subdirectories.)184 376.8 R .431
-(If the pattern is follo)5.432 F .431(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)2.931 E F0
-2.931(,o)C .431(nly directories)-2.931 F(and subdirectories match.)184
-388.8 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 405.6 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are w\
-ritten in the standard GNU error message format.)184 417.6 Q F1
-(histappend)144 434.4 Q F0 .676
+F0(and)5.285 E F1 -.63(``)2.785 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 2.785(,e)
+.63 G -.15(ve)-3.035 G 2.785(ni).15 G 2.785(ft)-2.785 G .285(he pat-)
+-2.785 F(tern be)184 451.2 Q(gins with a)-.15 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G -.55
+(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 5(.T)C(his option is enabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1
+E F1(globstar)144 468 Q F0 .519(If set, the pattern)184 468 R F1(**)
+3.019 E F0 .519(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F
+.518(xt will match all \214les and zero)-.15 F .431
+(or more directories and subdirectories.)184 480 R .431
+(If the pattern is follo)5.431 F .432(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)2.932 E F0
+2.932(,o)C .432(nly directories)-2.932 F(and subdirectories match.)184
+492 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 508.8 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are wri\
+tten in the standard GNU error message format.)184 520.8 Q F1
+(histappend)144 537.6 Q F0 .676
(If set, the history list is appended to the \214le named by the v)184
-446.4 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F F3(HISTFILE)3.177 E F0 -.25(va)2.927 G
-(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 458.4 Q(xits, rather than o)-.15 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 475.2 Q(eedit)
--.18 E F0 .576(If set, and)184 487.2 R F1 -.18(re)3.076 G(adline).18 E
-F0 .575(is being used, a user is gi)3.076 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15
-G .575(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F .575(ailed his-)-.1 F
-(tory substitution.)184 499.2 Q F1(histv)144 516 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .402
-(If set, and)184 528 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403
+549.6 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F F2(HISTFILE)3.176 E F0 -.25(va)2.926 G
+(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 561.6 Q(xits, rather than o)-.15 E
+-.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 578.4 Q(eedit)
+-.18 E F0 .575(If set, and)184 590.4 R F1 -.18(re)3.075 G(adline).18 E
+F0 .575(is being used, a user is gi)3.075 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15
+G .576(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F .576(ailed his-)-.1 F
+(tory substitution.)184 602.4 Q F1(histv)144 619.2 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .403
+(If set, and)184 631.2 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403
(is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately)
-2.903 F .662(passed to the shell parser)184 540 R 5.662(.I)-.55 G .661
-(nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.662 F F1 -.18(re)3.161
-G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.161 E -.2(bu)184 552 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E
-2.5(,a)-.4 G(llo)-2.5 E(wing further modi\214cation.)-.25 E F1
-(hostcomplete)144 568.8 Q F0 1.181(If set, and)184 580.8 R F1 -.18(re)
-3.681 G(adline).18 E F0 1.181(is being used,)3.681 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0
-1.182(will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.682 F .503(when a w)
-184 592.8 R .503(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.003 E F0 .503
+2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 643.2 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662
+(nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.661 F F1 -.18(re)3.162
+G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 655.2 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25
+E 2.5(,a)-.4 G(llo)-2.5 E(wing further modi\214cation.)-.25 E F1
+(hostcomplete)144 672 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 684 R F1 -.18(re)3.682
+G(adline).18 E F0 1.182(is being used,)3.682 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.181
+(will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.681 F .502(when a w)184
+696 R .503(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.003 E F0 .503
(is being completed \(see)3.003 F F1(Completing)3.003 E F0(under)3.003 E
-F3(READLINE)3.003 E F0(in)2.752 E F2(bash\(1\))184 604.8 Q F0 2.5
-(\). This)B(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 621.6 Q
-F0(If set,)184 633.6 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F3(SIGHUP)2.5 E
-F0(to all jobs when an interacti)2.25 E .3 -.15(ve l)-.25 H
-(ogin shell e).15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(inherit_err)144 650.4 Q(exit)-.18 E
-F0 .219(If set, command substitution inherits the v)184 662.4 R .219
-(alue of the)-.25 F F1(err)2.719 E(exit)-.18 E F0 .22
-(option, instead of unsetting)2.719 F(it in the subshell en)184 674.4 Q
-2.5(vironment. This)-.4 F(option is enabled when)2.5 E F2(posix mode)2.5
-E F0(is enabled.)2.5 E F1(interacti)144 691.2 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments)
-.1 E F0 .33(If set, allo)184 703.2 R 2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F
-.33(ginning with)-.15 F F1(#)2.83 E F0 .33(to cause that w)2.83 F .33
-(ord and all remaining characters on)-.1 F .39
-(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 715.2 R .69 -.15(ve s)-.25
-H .39(hell \(see).15 F F3(COMMENTS)2.89 E F0(in)2.64 E F2(bash\(1\))2.89
-E F0 2.89(\). This)B(option)2.89 E(is enabled by def)184 727.2 Q(ault.)
--.1 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15
-E(20)185.545 E 0 Cg EP
+F2(READLINE)3.003 E F0(in)2.753 E F3(bash\(1\))184 708 Q F0 2.5
+(\). This)B(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
+(2023 January 27)141.79 E(20)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 21 21
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(lastpipe)144 84 Q F0
-.066(If set, and job control is not acti)184 84 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.566
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(huponexit)144 84 Q F0
+(If set,)184 96 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
+(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0(to all jobs when an interacti)2.25 E .3 -.15(ve l)-.25
+H(ogin shell e).15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(inherit_err)144 112.8 Q(exit)-.18 E
+F0 .22(If set, command substitution inherits the v)184 124.8 R .219
+(alue of the)-.25 F F1(err)2.719 E(exit)-.18 E F0 .219
+(option, instead of unsetting)2.719 F(it in the subshell en)184 136.8 Q
+2.5(vironment. This)-.4 F(option is enabled when)2.5 E/F3 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(posix mode)2.5 E F0(is enabled.)2.5 E F1(interacti)
+144 153.6 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 .33(If set, allo)184 165.6 R
+2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33(ginning with)-.15 F F1(#)2.83 E
+F0 .33(to cause that w)2.83 F .33(ord and all remaining characters on)
+-.1 F .39(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 177.6 R .69 -.15
+(ve s)-.25 H .39(hell \(see).15 F F2(COMMENTS)2.89 E F0(in)2.64 E F3
+(bash\(1\))2.89 E F0 2.89(\). This)B(option)2.89 E(is enabled by def)184
+189.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(lastpipe)144 206.4 Q F0 .066
+(If set, and job control is not acti)184 206.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.566
(,t).15 G .066(he shell runs the last command of a pipeline not e)-2.566
F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E
-(cuted in the background in the current shell en)184 96 Q(vironment.)-.4
-E F1(lithist)144 112.8 Q F0 .654(If set, and the)184 112.8 R F1(cmdhist)
-3.154 E F0 .654(option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa)3.154 F
--.15(ve)-.2 G 3.155(dt).15 G 3.155(ot)-3.155 G .655(he history)-3.155 F
-(with embedded ne)184 124.8 Q
+(cuted in the background in the current shell en)184 218.4 Q(vironment.)
+-.4 E F1(lithist)144 235.2 Q F0 .655(If set, and the)184 235.2 R F1
+(cmdhist)3.155 E F0 .654(option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa)
+3.154 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.154(dt).15 G 3.154(ot)-3.154 G .654(he history)
+-3.154 F(with embedded ne)184 247.2 Q
(wlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.)-.25 E F1
-(localv)144 141.6 Q(ar_inherit)-.1 E F0 .422(If set, local v)184 153.6 R
+(localv)144 264 Q(ar_inherit)-.1 E F0 .421(If set, local v)184 276 R
.422(ariables inherit the v)-.25 F .422(alue and attrib)-.25 F .422
(utes of a v)-.2 F .422(ariable of the same name that)-.25 F -.15(ex)184
-165.6 S .173(ists at a pre).15 F .173(vious scope before an)-.25 F 2.673
-(yn)-.15 G .673 -.25(ew va)-2.673 H .173(lue is assigned.).25 F .174
-(The nameref attrib)5.174 F .174(ute is not)-.2 F(inherited.)184 177.6 Q
-F1(localv)144 194.4 Q(ar_unset)-.1 E F0 .329(If set, calling)184 206.4 R
-F1(unset)2.829 E F0 .329(on local v)2.829 F .329(ariables in pre)-.25 F
-.328(vious function scopes marks them so subse-)-.25 F .543(quent looku\
+288 S .174(ists at a pre).15 F .174(vious scope before an)-.25 F 2.673
+(yn)-.15 G .673 -.25(ew va)-2.673 H .173(lue is assigned.).25 F .173
+(The nameref attrib)5.173 F .173(ute is not)-.2 F(inherited.)184 300 Q
+F1(localv)144 316.8 Q(ar_unset)-.1 E F0 .328(If set, calling)184 328.8 R
+F1(unset)2.828 E F0 .328(on local v)2.828 F .329(ariables in pre)-.25 F
+.329(vious function scopes marks them so subse-)-.25 F .543(quent looku\
ps \214nd them unset until that function returns. This is identical to \
-the beha)184 218.4 R(v-)-.2 E(ior of unsetting local v)184 230.4 Q
-(ariables at the current function scope.)-.25 E F1(login_shell)144 247.2
-Q F0 .693
+the beha)184 340.8 R(v-)-.2 E(ior of unsetting local v)184 352.8 Q
+(ariables at the current function scope.)-.25 E F1(login_shell)144 369.6
+Q F0 .692
(The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell \(see)184
-259.2 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(INV)3.192 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(in)
-2.942 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(bash\(1\))3.192 E F0(\).)A(The v)184
-271.2 Q(alue may not be changed.)-.25 E F1(mailwar)144 288 Q(n)-.15 E F0
-.814(If set, and a \214le that)184 300 R F1(bash)3.314 E F0 .815
-(is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.314 F
--.1(wa)184 312 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E
+381.6 R F2(INV)3.193 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(in)2.943 E F3
+(bash\(1\))3.193 E F0(\).)A(The v)184 393.6 Q(alue may not be changed.)
+-.25 E F1(mailwar)144 410.4 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .815
+(If set, and a \214le that)184 422.4 R F1(bash)3.315 E F0 .814
+(is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.315 F
+-.1(wa)184 434.4 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E
(`The mail in)-.74 E F3(mail\214le)2.5 E F0(has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i)
-.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E F1(no_empty_cmd_completion)144
-328.8 Q F0 .325(If set, and)184 340.8 R F1 -.18(re)2.825 G(adline).18 E
-F0 .325(is being used,)2.825 F F1(bash)2.824 E F0 .324
-(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F F2 -.666(PA)2.824 G(TH)-.189 E
-F0 .324(for possible)2.574 F
-(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 352.8 Q
-F1(nocaseglob)144 369.6 Q F0 .436(If set,)184 381.6 R F1(bash)2.936 E F0
-.436(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.936 F .737 -.15(ve f)
--.25 H .437(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 393.6 S
+451.2 Q F0 .324(If set, and)184 463.2 R F1 -.18(re)2.824 G(adline).18 E
+F0 .324(is being used,)2.824 F F1(bash)2.824 E F0 .324
+(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F F2 -.666(PA)2.825 G(TH)-.189 E
+F0 .325(for possible)2.575 F
+(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 475.2 Q
+F1(nocaseglob)144 492 Q F0 .437(If set,)184 504 R F1(bash)2.937 E F0
+.436(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.937 F .736 -.15(ve f)
+-.25 H .436(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 516 S
(pansion \(see).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.5 G(thname Expansion).1 E F0(in)2.5 E
-F3(bash\(1\))2.5 E F0(\).)A F1(nocasematch)144 410.4 Q F0 1.194(If set,)
-184 422.4 R F1(bash)3.694 E F0 1.194
-(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti)3.694 F 1.493 -.15(ve f)-.25 H
-1.193(ashion when performing matching).05 F .551(while e)184 434.4 R
+F3(bash\(1\))2.5 E F0(\).)A F1(nocasematch)144 532.8 Q F0 1.193(If set,)
+184 544.8 R F1(bash)3.693 E F0 1.194
+(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti)3.693 F 1.494 -.15(ve f)-.25 H
+1.194(ashion when performing matching).05 F .551(while e)184 556.8 R
-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)3.051 E F0(or)3.051 E F1([[)3.051 E
F0 .551(conditional commands, when performing pattern substitution)3.051
-F -.1(wo)184 446.4 S .623(rd e).1 F .623(xpansions, or when \214ltering\
+F -.1(wo)184 568.8 S .622(rd e).1 F .623(xpansions, or when \214ltering\
possible completions as part of programmable com-)-.15 F(pletion.)184
-458.4 Q F1(noexpand_translation)144 475.2 Q F0 1.117(If set,)184 487.2 R
-F1(bash)3.617 E F0 1.117(encloses the translated results of $"..." quot\
-ing in single quotes instead of)3.617 F(double quotes.)184 499.2 Q
+580.8 Q F1(noexpand_translation)144 597.6 Q F0 1.118(If set,)184 609.6 R
+F1(bash)3.618 E F0 1.117(encloses the translated results of $"..." quot\
+ing in single quotes instead of)3.617 F(double quotes.)184 621.6 Q
(If the string is not translated, this has no ef)5 E(fect.)-.25 E F1
-(nullglob)144 516 Q F0 .319(If set,)184 528 R F1(bash)2.819 E F0(allo)
-2.819 E .319(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see)-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa)
-2.818 G .318(thname Expansion).1 F F0(in)2.818 E F3(bash\(1\))2.818 E F0
-(\))A(to e)184 540 Q(xpand to a null string, rather than themselv)-.15 E
-(es.)-.15 E F1(patsub_r)144 556.8 Q(eplacement)-.18 E F0 .105(If set,)
-184 568.8 R F1(bash)2.605 E F0 -.15(ex)2.605 G .105
-(pands occurrences of).15 F F1(&)2.606 E F0 .106
-(in the replacement string of pattern substitution to)2.606 F .989
-(the te)184 580.8 R .988(xt matched by the pattern, as described under)
--.15 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.488 G .988(rameter Expansion).1 F F0(in)3.488 E F3
-(bash\(1\))3.488 E F0(.)A(This option is enabled by def)184 592.8 Q
-(ault.)-.1 E F1(pr)144 609.6 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 2.802
-(If set, the programmable completion f)184 621.6 R 2.802
-(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)5.302 E 2.803(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F
-F0(in)5.303 E F3(bash\(1\))184 633.6 Q F0 2.5(\)a)C(re enabled.)-2.5 E
-(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(pr)144 650.4 Q
-(ogcomp_alias)-.18 E F0 2.124
-(If set, and programmable completion is enabled,)184 662.4 R F1(bash)
-4.624 E F0 2.124(treats a command name that)4.624 F(doesn')184 674.4 Q
-3.288(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)-3.288 H(an)3.488 E 3.288(yc)-.15 G .789
-(ompletions as a possible alias and attempts alias e)-3.288 F .789
-(xpansion. If it has)-.15 F 1.473(an alias,)184 686.4 R F1(bash)3.973 E
-F0 1.473(attempts programmable completion using the command w)3.973 F
-1.473(ord resulting)-.1 F(from the e)184 698.4 Q(xpanded alias.)-.15 E
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E
-(21)185.545 E 0 Cg EP
+(nullglob)144 638.4 Q F0 .318(If set,)184 650.4 R F1(bash)2.818 E F0
+(allo)2.818 E .318(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see)-.25 F F1
+-.1(Pa)2.819 G .319(thname Expansion).1 F F0(in)2.819 E F3(bash\(1\))
+2.819 E F0(\))A(to e)184 662.4 Q
+(xpand to a null string, rather than themselv)-.15 E(es.)-.15 E F1
+(patsub_r)144 679.2 Q(eplacement)-.18 E F0 .106(If set,)184 691.2 R F1
+(bash)2.606 E F0 -.15(ex)2.606 G .106(pands occurrences of).15 F F1(&)
+2.606 E F0 .105(in the replacement string of pattern substitution to)
+2.606 F .988(the te)184 703.2 R .988
+(xt matched by the pattern, as described under)-.15 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.489 G
+.989(rameter Expansion).1 F F0(in)3.489 E F3(bash\(1\))3.489 E F0(.)A
+(This option is enabled by def)184 715.2 Q(ault.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72
+768 Q(2023 January 27)141.79 E(21)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 22 22
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pr)144 84 Q(omptv)
--.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.447(If set, prompt strings under)184 96 R 1.448
-(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.448(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)
--.15 F -.15(ex)184 108 S 1.834(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)
--.15 G 4.334(la).25 G 1.834(fter being e)-4.334 F 1.834
-(xpanded as described in)-.15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)4.333 E(OMPTING)
--.27 E F0(in)4.083 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(bash\(1\))184 120 Q F0 5
-(.T)C(his option is enabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)144 136.8
-S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 .329
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pr)144 84 Q(ogcomp)
+-.18 E F0 2.802(If set, the programmable completion f)184 96 R 2.802
+(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)5.302 E 2.802(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F
+F0(in)5.302 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(bash\(1\))184 108 Q F0 2.5(\)a)C
+(re enabled.)-2.5 E(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(pr)
+144 124.8 Q(ogcomp_alias)-.18 E F0 2.124
+(If set, and programmable completion is enabled,)184 136.8 R F1(bash)
+4.624 E F0 2.124(treats a command name that)4.624 F(doesn')184 148.8 Q
+3.289(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)-3.289 H(an)3.489 E 3.289(yc)-.15 G .789
+(ompletions as a possible alias and attempts alias e)-3.289 F .788
+(xpansion. If it has)-.15 F 1.473(an alias,)184 160.8 R F1(bash)3.973 E
+F0 1.473(attempts programmable completion using the command w)3.973 F
+1.473(ord resulting)-.1 F(from the e)184 172.8 Q(xpanded alias.)-.15 E
+F1(pr)144 189.6 Q(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.448
+(If set, prompt strings under)184 201.6 R 1.448(go parameter e)-.18 F
+1.447(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)184
+213.6 S 1.833(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 4.334(la).25
+G 1.834(fter being e)-4.334 F 1.834(xpanded as described in)-.15 F/F3 9
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)4.334 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(in)4.084 E F2(bash\(1\))
+184 225.6 Q F0 5(.T)C(his option is enabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1
+-.18(re)144 242.4 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 .329
(The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode \(see)
-184 148.8 R F2 .329(RESTRICTED SHELL)2.829 F F0(in)2.58 E F3(bash\(1\))
-184 160.8 Q F0 2.731(\). The)B -.25(va)2.731 G .231
-(lue may not be changed.).25 F .23
+184 254.4 R F3 .329(RESTRICTED SHELL)2.829 F F0(in)2.579 E F2(bash\(1\))
+184 266.4 Q F0 2.73(\). The)B -.25(va)2.73 G .23
+(lue may not be changed.).25 F .231
(This is not reset when the startup \214les are e)5.231 F(x-)-.15 E
-(ecuted, allo)184 172.8 Q(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E -.15
+(ecuted, allo)184 278.4 Q(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E -.15
(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 E F1
-(shift_v)144 189.6 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .501(If set, the)184 201.6 R F1
-(shift)3.001 E F0 -.2(bu)3.001 G .501
-(iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .502
-(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 213.6 Q F1(sour)
-144 230.4 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .771(If set, the)184 242.4 R F1(.)3.271 E
-F0(\()3.271 E F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.271(\)b)C .771(uiltin uses the v)
--3.471 F .771(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.27 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .77
-(to \214nd the directory containing the)3.02 F(\214le supplied as an ar)
-184 254.4 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F(option is enabled by def)2.5 E
-(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.1(va)144 271.2 S(rr).1 E(edir_close)-.18 E F0 .74(If \
-set, the shell automatically closes \214le descriptors assigned using t\
-he)184 283.2 R F3({varname})3.24 E F0(redi-)3.24 E .908
-(rection syntax \(see)184 295.2 R F2(REDIRECTION)3.408 E F0(in)3.157 E
-F3(bash\(1\))3.407 E F0 3.407(\)i)C .907(nstead of lea)-3.407 F .907
-(ving them open when the)-.2 F(command completes.)184 307.2 Q F1
-(xpg_echo)144 324 Q F0(If set, the)184 336 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5
-G(iltin e).2 E(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1
-E F1(suspend)108 352.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad66>A F0(])A .909(Suspend the e)
-144 364.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .909(cution of this shell until it recei).15
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.41(sa).15 G F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.41(signal. A)3.16 F .91
-(login shell, or a shell)3.41 F .753
-(without job control enabled, cannot be suspended; the)144 376.8 R F1
-<ad66>3.253 E F0 .752(option can be used to o)3.252 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
-.752(rride this and).15 F .107(force the suspension.)144 388.8 R .107(T\
+(shift_v)144 295.2 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .502(If set, the)184 307.2 R F1
+(shift)3.002 E F0 -.2(bu)3.002 G .501
+(iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .501
+(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 319.2 Q F1(sour)
+144 336 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .77(If set, the)184 348 R F1(.)3.27 E F0(\()
+3.27 E F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.27(\)b)C .77(uiltin uses the v)-3.47 F
+.771(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)3.271 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .771
+(to \214nd the directory containing the)3.021 F
+(\214le supplied as an ar)184 360 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F
+(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.1(va)144 376.8 S(rr).1
+E(edir_close)-.18 E F0 .74(If set, the shell automatically closes \214l\
+e descriptors assigned using the)184 388.8 R F2({varname})3.24 E F0
+(redi-)3.24 E .907(rection syntax \(see)184 400.8 R F3(REDIRECTION)3.407
+E F0(in)3.157 E F2(bash\(1\))3.407 E F0 3.407(\)i)C .907(nstead of lea)
+-3.407 F .908(ving them open when the)-.2 F(command completes.)184 412.8
+Q F1(xpg_echo)144 429.6 Q F0(If set, the)184 441.6 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0
+-.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15
+E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend)108 458.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad66>A F0(])A .91
+(Suspend the e)144 470.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .91
+(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.41(sa).15 G
+F3(SIGCONT)-.001 E F0 3.409(signal. A)3.159 F .909
+(login shell, or a shell)3.409 F .752
+(without job control enabled, cannot be suspended; the)144 482.4 R F1
+<ad66>3.252 E F0 .753(option can be used to o)3.253 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
+.753(rride this and).15 F .107(force the suspension.)144 494.4 R .107(T\
he return status is 0 unless the shell is a login shell or job control \
-is not en-)5.107 F(abled and)144
400.8 Q F1<ad66>2.5 E F0
-(is not supplied.)2.5 E F1(test)108 417.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1
-([)108 429.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .878
-(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)144 429.6 R .877
-(alse\) depending on the e)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .877
-(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)144 441.6
+is not en-)5.107 F(abled and)144
506.4 Q F1<ad66>2.5 E F0
+(is not supplied.)2.5 E F1(test)108 523.2 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1
+([)108 535.2 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .877
+(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)144 535.2 R .878
+(alse\) depending on the e)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .878
+(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F2 -.2(ex)144 547.2
S(pr).2 E F0 5.53(.E).73 G .53
(ach operator and operand must be a separate ar)-5.53 F 3.03
-(gument. Expressions)-.18 F .53(are composed of the)3.03 F 1.232
-(primaries described in)144 453.6 R F3(bash\(1\))3.732 E F0(under)3.731
-E F2(CONDITION)3.731 E 1.231(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF
-(.)A F1(test)5.731 E F0 1.231(does not accept an)3.731 F(y)-.15 E
-(options, nor does it accept and ignore an ar)144 465.6 Q(gument of)-.18
-E F1<adad>2.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 E .785
-(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 483.6 R .786
-(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 3.412
-(dence. The)144 495.6 R -.25(eva)3.412 G .912
-(luation depends on the number of ar).25 F .911(guments; see belo)-.18 F
-4.711 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .911(perator precedence is).65 F
-(used when there are \214v)144 507.6 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G
-(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 519.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E
-F0 -.35(Tr)180 519.6 S(ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23
-E(alse.)-.1 E F1(\()144 531.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0
-.26(Returns the v)180 531.6 R .26(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2
+(gument. Expressions)-.18 F .53(are composed of the)3.03 F 1.231
+(primaries described in)144 559.2 R F2(bash\(1\))3.731 E F0(under)3.731
+E F3(CONDITION)3.731 E 1.231(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF
+(.)A F1(test)5.731 E F0 1.232(does not accept an)3.731 F(y)-.15 E
+(options, nor does it accept and ignore an ar)144 571.2 Q(gument of)-.18
+E F1<adad>2.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 E .786
+(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 589.2 R .785
+(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 3.411
+(dence. The)144 601.2 R -.25(eva)3.411 G .911
+(luation depends on the number of ar).25 F .912(guments; see belo)-.18 F
+4.712 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .912(perator precedence is).65 F
+(used when there are \214v)144 613.2 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G
+(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 625.2 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E
+F0 -.35(Tr)180 625.2 S(ue if).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23
+E(alse.)-.1 E F1(\()144 637.2 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0
+.26(Returns the v)180 637.2 R .26(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2
E F0 5.26(.T)C .26(his may be used to o)-5.26 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26
-(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 543.6 Q F3 -.2
-(ex)144 555.6 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0
--.35(Tr)180 567.6 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5
-E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 579.6 S
-(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(o)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180
-591.6 S(ue if either).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F3 -.2
-(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 608.4 Q F0(and)2.5 E
-F1([)2.5 E F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E
+(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 649.2 Q F2 -.2
+(ex)144 661.2 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0
+-.35(Tr)180 673.2 S(ue if both).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5
+E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F2 -.2(ex)144 685.2 S
+(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(o)A F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180
+697.2 S(ue if either).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F2 -.2
+(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 714 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1
+([)2.5 E F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E
(xpressions using a set of rules based on the number of ar)-.15 E
-(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 626.4 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e)
-180 638.4 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 650.4 S -.18
-(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 662.4 Q
-(xpression is true if and only if the ar)-.15 E(gument is not null.)-.18
-E 2.5(2a)144 674.4 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar)
-180 686.4 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87
-F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37
-(gument is null.)-.18 F 1.682(If the \214rst ar)180 698.4 R 1.683
-(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed in)-.18 F F3
-(bash\(1\))4.183 E F0(under)4.183 E F2(CONDITION)180 710.4 Q .122
-(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 .122(the e)2.372 F .122
-(xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F .121
-(If the \214rst)5.121 F(ar)180 722.4 Q(gument is not a v)-.18 E
-(alid unary conditional operator)-.25 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he e)-2.5 E
-(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)136.385
-E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(22)185.545 E 0 Cg EP
+(guments.)-.18 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2023 January 27)141.79 E(22)
+190.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 23 23
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E 2.5(3a)144 84 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E
-.236(The follo)180 96 R .236
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E 2.5(0a)144 84 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E
+(The e)180 96 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 108 S -.18
+(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 120 Q
+(xpression is true if and only if the ar)-.15 E(gument is not null.)-.18
+E 2.5(2a)144 132 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar)180
+144 R .37(gument is)-.18 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C
+.37(he e)-2.87 F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15
+F .37(gument is null.)-.18 F 1.683(If the \214rst ar)180 156 R 1.683
+(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed in)-.18 F/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(bash\(1\))4.182 E F0(under)4.182 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0
+SF(CONDITION)180 168 Q .121(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF
+(,)A F0 .121(the e)2.371 F .122
+(xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F .122
+(If the \214rst)5.122 F(ar)180 180 Q(gument is not a v)-.18 E
+(alid unary conditional operator)-.25 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he e)-2.5 E
+(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 192 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G
+(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 204 R .236
(wing conditions are applied in the order listed.)-.25 F .236
(If the second ar)5.236 F .236(gument is one of)-.18 F .546
-(the binary conditional operators listed in)180 108 R/F1 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(bash\(1\))3.046 E F0(under)3.046 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF(CONDITION)3.046 E .546(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)
-A F0 .887(the result of the e)180 120 R .888(xpression is the result of\
- the binary test using the \214rst and third ar)-.15 F(gu-)-.18 E .434
-(ments as operands.)180 132 R(The)5.434 E/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad61>
-2.934 E F0(and)2.934 E F4<ad6f>2.934 E F0 .434
-(operators are considered binary operators when there)2.934 F .645
-(are three ar)180 144 R 3.145(guments. If)-.18 F .645(the \214rst ar)
-3.145 F .646(gument is)-.18 F F4(!)3.146 E F0 3.146(,t)C .646(he v)
--3.146 F .646(alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .646(tion of the tw)
-.05 F(o-ar)-.1 E(gu-)-.18 E .452
-(ment test using the second and third ar)180 156 R 2.951(guments. If)
+(the binary conditional operators listed in)180 216 R F2(bash\(1\))3.046
+E F0(under)3.046 E F3(CONDITION)3.046 E .546(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)
+A F0 .888(the result of the e)180 228 R .888(xpression is the result of\
+ the binary test using the \214rst and third ar)-.15 F(gu-)-.18 E .433
+(ments as operands.)180 240 R(The)5.434 E F1<ad61>2.934 E F0(and)2.934 E
+F1<ad6f>2.934 E F0 .434
+(operators are considered binary operators when there)2.934 F .646
+(are three ar)180 252 R 3.146(guments. If)-.18 F .646(the \214rst ar)
+3.146 F .646(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.146 E F0 3.146(,t)C .646(he v)
+-3.146 F .645(alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .645(tion of the tw)
+.05 F(o-ar)-.1 E(gu-)-.18 E .451
+(ment test using the second and third ar)180 264 R 2.951(guments. If)
-.18 F .451(the \214rst ar)2.951 F .451(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E
-F4(\()2.951 E F0 .451(and the)2.951 F 1.164(third ar)180 168 R 1.164
-(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F4(\))3.664 E F0 3.664(,t)C 1.164
-(he result is the one-ar)-3.664 F 1.165(gument test of the second ar)
--.18 F(gument.)-.18 E(Otherwise, the e)180 180 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E
-(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 192 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .43(The follo)
-180 204 R .43(wing conditions are applied in the order listed.)-.25 F
-.429(If the \214rst ar)5.429 F .429(gument is)-.18 F F4(!)2.929 E F0
-2.929(,t)C .429(he re-)-2.929 F 1.314(sult is the ne)180 216 R -.05(ga)
--.15 G 1.314(tion of the three-ar).05 F 1.314(gument e)-.18 F 1.314
-(xpression composed of the remaining ar)-.15 F(gu-)-.18 E 2.745
-(ments. the)180 228 R(tw)2.745 E(o-ar)-.1 E .245
-(gument test using the second and third ar)-.18 F 2.744(guments. If)-.18
-F .244(the \214rst ar)2.744 F(gument)-.18 E .309(is e)180 240 R(xactly)
--.15 E F4(\()2.809 E F0 .309(and the fourth ar)2.809 F .309(gument is e)
--.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F4(\))2.809 E F0 2.809(,t)C .31
-(he result is the tw)-2.809 F(o-ar)-.1 E .31(gument test of the)-.18 F
-.184(second and third ar)180 252 R 2.684(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F .184
-(the e)2.684 F .183(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .183
-(luated according).25 F(to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 264
-Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 276 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E
-(guments)-.18 E 1.635(The e)180 288 R 1.635(xpression is parsed and e)
+F1(\()2.952 E F0 .452(and the)2.952 F 1.165(third ar)180 276 R 1.165
+(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))3.665 E F0 3.664(,t)C 1.164
+(he result is the one-ar)-3.664 F 1.164(gument test of the second ar)
+-.18 F(gument.)-.18 E(Otherwise, the e)180 288 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E
+(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 300 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .429
+(The follo)180 312 R .429
+(wing conditions are applied in the order listed.)-.25 F .43
+(If the \214rst ar)5.429 F .43(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.93 E F0 2.93(,t)C
+.43(he re-)-2.93 F 1.315(sult is the ne)180 324 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 1.314
+(tion of the three-ar).05 F 1.314(gument e)-.18 F 1.314
+(xpression composed of the remaining ar)-.15 F(gu-)-.18 E 2.744
+(ments. the)180 336 R(tw)2.744 E(o-ar)-.1 E .245
+(gument test using the second and third ar)-.18 F 2.745(guments. If)-.18
+F .245(the \214rst ar)2.745 F(gument)-.18 E .31(is e)180 348 R(xactly)
+-.15 E F1(\()2.81 E F0 .31(and the fourth ar)2.81 F .31(gument is e)-.18
+F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))2.809 E F0 2.809(,t)C .309(he result is the tw)
+-2.809 F(o-ar)-.1 E .309(gument test of the)-.18 F .183
+(second and third ar)180 360 R 2.683(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F .184
+(the e)2.684 F .184(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .184
+(luated according).25 F(to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 372
+Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 384 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E
+(guments)-.18 E 1.635(The e)180 396 R 1.635(xpression is parsed and e)
-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.635
-(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F(abo)180 300
-Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 318 Q F4(test)2.5 E F0(or)
-2.5 E F4([)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he)-2.5 E F4(<)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F4(>)2.5
+(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F(abo)180 408
+Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 426 Q F1(test)2.5 E F0(or)
+2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he)-2.5 E F1(<)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(>)2.5
E F0(operators sort le)2.5 E(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15
-E F4(times)108 334.8 Q F0 1.229(Print the accumulated user and system t\
-imes for the shell and for processes run from the shell.)144 334.8 R
-(The return status is 0.)144 346.8 Q F4(trap)108 363.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F4
-(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E F1(action)A F0(])A F1(sigspec)2.5 E F0
-(...])2.5 E(The)144 375.6 Q F1(action)3.733 E F0 .903
-(is a command that is read and e)3.643 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .903
+E F1(times)108 442.8 Q F0 1.229(Print the accumulated user and system t\
+imes for the shell and for processes run from the shell.)144 442.8 R
+(The return status is 0.)144 454.8 Q F1(trap)108 471.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
+(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E F2(action)A F0(])A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0
+(...])2.5 E(The)144 483.6 Q F2(action)3.734 E F0 .903
+(is a command that is read and e)3.644 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .903
(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.403(ss).15 G
-(ignal\(s\))-3.403 E F1(sigspec)3.744 E F0 5.904(.I).31 G(f)-5.904 E F1
-(action)144.33 387.6 Q F0 .106(is absent \(and there is a single)2.846 F
-F
1(sigspec)2.605 E F0 2.605(\)o)C(r)-2.605 E F4<ad>2.605 E F0 2.605(,e)C
-.105(ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original dis-)-2.605 F .626
-(position \(the v)144 399.6 R .626
-(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).)-.25 F(If)5.626 E F1(action)
+(ignal\(s\))-3.403 E F2(sigspec)3.743 E F0 5.903(.I).31 G(f)-5.903 E F2
+(action)144.33 495.6 Q F0 .105(is absent \(and there is a single)2.845 F
+F
2(sigspec)2.605 E F0 2.605(\)o)C(r)-2.605 E F1<ad>2.605 E F0 2.605(,e)C
+.106(ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original dis-)-2.605 F .627
+(position \(the v)144 507.6 R .626
+(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).)-.25 F(If)5.626 E F2(action)
3.456 E F0 .626(is the null string the signal speci-)3.366 F
-(\214ed by each)144 411.6 Q F1(sigspec)2.84 E F0
+(\214ed by each)144 519.6 Q F2(sigspec)2.84 E F0
(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)2.81 E -.2(vo)-.4 G
--.1(ke).2 G(s.).1 E .165(If no ar)144 429.6 R .165
-(guments are supplied,)-.18 F F4(trap)2.665 E F0 .165
+-.1(ke).2 G(s.).1 E .165(If no ar)144 537.6 R .165
+(guments are supplied,)-.18 F F1(trap)2.665 E F0 .165
(displays the actions associated with each trapped signal as a set)2.665
-F(of)144 441.6 Q F4(trap)2.569 E F0 .069(commands that can be reused as\
- shell input to restore the current signal dispositions.)2.569 F(If)5.07
-E F4<ad70>2.57 E F0 .474(is gi)144 453.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .474(n, and)
-.15 F F1(action)3.303 E F0 .473(is not present, then)3.213 F F4(trap)
-2.973 E F0 .473(displays the actions associated with each)2.973 F F1
-(sigspec)3.313 E F0(or)3.283 E(,)-.4 E .363
-(if none are supplied, for all trapped signals, as a set of)144 465.6 R
-F4(trap)2.864 E F0 .364(commands that can be reused as shell)2.864 F
-(input to restore the current signal dispositions.)144 477.6 Q(The)144
-495.6 Q F4<ad6c>3.217 E F0 .717(option causes)3.217 F F4(trap)3.217 E F0
+F(of)144 549.6 Q F1(trap)2.57 E F0 .069(commands that can be reused as \
+shell input to restore the current signal dispositions.)2.57 F(If)5.069
+E F1<ad70>2.569 E F0 .473(is gi)144 561.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .473(n, and)
+.15 F F2(action)3.303 E F0 .473(is not present, then)3.213 F F1(trap)
+2.973 E F0 .473(displays the actions associated with each)2.973 F F2
+(sigspec)3.314 E F0(or)3.284 E(,)-.4 E .364
+(if none are supplied, for all trapped signals, as a set of)144 573.6 R
+F1(trap)2.864 E F0 .363(commands that can be reused as shell)2.864 F
+.207(input to restore the current signal dispositions.)144 585.6 R(The)
+5.207 E F1<ad50>2.707 E F0 .207(option beha)2.707 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.707
+(ss).15 G(imilarly)-2.707 E 2.707(,b)-.65 G .208(ut displays only)-2.907
+F 1.553(the actions associated with each)144 597.6 R F2(sigspec)4.052 E
+F0(ar)4.052 E(gument.)-.18 E F1<ad50>6.552 E F0 1.552
+(requires at least one)4.052 F F2(sigspec)4.052 E F0(ar)4.052 E(gument.)
+-.18 E(The)144 609.6 Q F1<ad50>2.726 E F0(or)2.726 E F1<ad70>2.727 E F0
+.227(options to)2.727 F F1(trap)2.727 E F0 .227
+(may be used in a subshell en)2.727 F .227
+(vironment \(e.g., command substitution\))-.4 F .993
+(and, as long as the)144 621.6 R 3.493(ya)-.15 G .993(re used before)
+-3.493 F F1(trap)3.493 E F0 .993(is used to change a signal')3.493 F
+3.492(sh)-.55 G .992(andling, will display the)-3.492 F
+(state of its parent')144 633.6 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G(raps.)-2.5 E(The)144
+651.6 Q F1<ad6c>3.216 E F0 .716(option causes)3.216 F F1(trap)3.216 E F0
.716(to print a list of signal names and their corresponding numbers.)
-3.216 F(Each)5.716 E F1(sigspec)144.34 507.6 Q F0 .709
-(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)3.518 F F1(signal.h)A F0 .709
-(>, or a signal number)B 5.709(.S)-.55 G .709(ignal names are case)
--5.709 F(insensiti)144 519.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E F2(SIG)
-2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E .092(If a)144 537.6 R F1(sigspec)
-2.932 E F0(is)2.902 E F2(EXIT)2.592 E F0 .092(\(0\) the command)2.342 F
-F1(action)2.921 E F0 .091(is e)2.831 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .091(cuted on e)
-.15 F .091(xit from the shell.)-.15 F .091(If a)5.091 F F1(sigspec)2.931
-E F0(is)2.901 E F2(DE-)2.591 E -.09(BU)144 549.6 S(G).09 E F3(,)A F0
-1.244(the command)3.494 F F1(action)4.074 E F0 1.244(is e)3.984 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G 1.244(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F1 1.245
-(simple command)3.744 F F0(,)A F1(for)3.745 E F0(command,)3.745 E F1
-(case)3.745 E F0(com-)3.745 E(mand,)144 561.6 Q F1(select)2.697 E F0
+3.216 F(Each)5.717 E F2(sigspec)144.34 663.6 Q F0 .709
+(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)3.519 F F2(signal.h)A F0 .709
+(>, or a signal number)B 5.708(.S)-.55 G .708(ignal names are case)
+-5.708 F(insensiti)144 675.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E F3(SIG)
+2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E .091(If a)144 693.6 R F2(sigspec)
+2.931 E F0(is)2.901 E F3(EXIT)2.591 E F0 .091(\(0\) the command)2.341 F
+F2(action)2.921 E F0 .091(is e)2.831 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .091(cuted on e)
+.15 F .092(xit from the shell.)-.15 F .092(If a)5.092 F F2(sigspec)2.932
+E F0(is)2.902 E F3(DE-)2.592 E -.09(BU)144 705.6 S(G).09 E F4(,)A F0
+1.245(the command)3.495 F F2(action)4.075 E F0 1.245(is e)3.985 F -.15
+(xe)-.15 G 1.244(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.244
+(simple command)3.744 F F0(,)A F2(for)3.744 E F0(command,)3.744 E F2
+(case)3.744 E F0(com-)3.744 E(mand,)144 717.6 Q F2(select)2.696 E F0
.196
(command, \(\( arithmetic command, [[ conditional command, arithmetic)
-2.697 F F1(for)2.696 E F0(command,)2.696 E 1.105
-(and before the \214rst command e)144 573.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.105
-(cutes in a shell function \(see).15 F F2 1.105(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.605 F F0
-(in)3.355 E F1(bash\(1\))3.605 E F0(\).)A .556
-(Refer to the description of the)144 585.6 R F4(extdeb)3.056 E(ug)-.2 E
-F0 .556(option to the)3.056 F F4(shopt)3.056 E F0 -.2(bu)3.056 G .556
-(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .556(fect on the)-.25 F F4(DEB)144
-597.6 Q(UG)-.1 E F0 2.514(trap. If)2.514 F(a)2.514 E F1(sigspec)2.854 E
-F0(is)2.824 E F2(RETURN)2.514 E F3(,)A F0 .014(the command)2.264 F F1
-(action)2.845 E F0 .015(is e)2.755 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .015
-(cuted each time a shell function).15 F(or a script e)144 609.6 Q -.15
-(xe)-.15 G(cuted with the).15 E F4(.)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F4(sour)2.5 E(ce)
--.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins \214nishes e).2 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting.)
-.15 E .285(If a)144 627.6 R F1(sigspec)3.125 E F0(is)3.095 E F2(ERR)
-2.784 E F3(,)A F0 .284(the command)2.534 F F1(action)3.114 E F0 .284
-(is e)3.024 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .284(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.784
-(rap).15 G .284(ipeline \(which may consist of a)-2.784 F .185(single s\
-imple command\), a list, or a compound command returns a non\255zero e)
-144 639.6 R .185(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .452(the follo)144 651.6
-R .452(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.452 E F2(ERR)2.952 E F0 .451
-(trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451(cuted if the f).15 F .451
-(ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .387
-(mand list immediately follo)144 663.6 R .387(wing a)-.25 F F4(while)
-2.887 E F0(or)2.887 E F4(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388
-(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F1(if)2.898 E F0 .388
-(statement, part)4.848 F .778(of a command e)144 675.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.778(cuted in a).15 F F4(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F4(||)3.278 E F0 .778
-(list e)3.278 F .778(xcept the command follo)-.15 F .778
-(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F4(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F4(||)3.277 E F0
-3.277(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.277 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 687.6 R
-1.28(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.78(sr)-.55 G 1.28(eturn v)
--3.78 F 1.28(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.28(rted using).15 F
-F4(!)3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 699.6 Q
-(yed by the)-.15 E F4(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(\()2.5 E F4<ad65>A F0 2.5
-(\)o)C(ption.)-2.5 E .07(When the shell is not interacti)144 717.6 R
--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.57(,s).15 G .069
-(ignals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)
--2.57 F(Interacti)144 729.6 Q 2.048 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.748
-(hells permit trapping signals ignored on entry).15 F 6.749(.T)-.65 G
-1.749(rapped signals that are not being)-7.099 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
-(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(23)185.545 E 0 Cg EP
+2.696 F F2(for)2.697 E F0(command,)2.697 E 1.105
+(and before the \214rst command e)144 729.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.105
+(cutes in a shell function \(see).15 F F3 1.105(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.605 F F0
+(in)3.355 E F2(bash\(1\))3.604 E F0(\).)A(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q
+(2023 January 27)141.79 E(23)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 24 24
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .09(ignored are reset to their original v)
-144 84 R .09(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .09
-(vironment when one is created.)-.4 F(The return status is f)144 96 Q
-(alse if an)-.1 E(y)-.15 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sigspec)2.84 E F0
-(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid; otherwise).25 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
-(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F2(type)108 112.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2
-(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F1(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4
-(Wi)144 124.8 S .173(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G
-(ach)-2.673 E F1(name)3.033 E F0 -.1(wo)2.853 G .174
-(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .174(If the)5.174 F
-F2<ad74>144 136.8 Q F0 .715(option is used,)3.215 F F2(type)3.215 E F0
-.715(prints a string which is one of)3.215 F F1(alias)3.545 E F0(,).27 E
-F1 -.1(ke)3.215 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F1(function)5.185 E F0
-(,).24 E F1 -.2(bu)3.215 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.215(,o).24 G(r)-3.215 E F1
-(\214le)5.125 E F0(if)3.395 E F1(name)144.36 148.8 Q F0 .086
-(is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086
-(ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F1
-(name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119
-(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 160.8 R .118
-(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F
-F2<ad70>2.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F2(type)2.618 E F0 .855
-(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 172.8 R .855
-(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F1(name)3.715 E F0
-.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .529(mand name, or nothing if)
-144 184.8 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .528(type -t name)3.028 F F0 -.1(wo)3.028
-G .528(uld not return).1 F F1(\214le)4.938 E F0 5.528(.T).18 G(he)-5.528
-E F2<ad50>3.028 E F0 .528(option forces a)3.028 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
--.666(PA)3.028 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .006(search for each)144 196.8 R F1(name)
-2.506 E F0 2.506(,e)C -.15(ve)-2.756 G 2.506(ni).15 G(f)-2.506 E F3 .007
-(type -t name)2.506 F F0 -.1(wo)2.507 G .007(uld not return).1 F F1
-(\214le)4.417 E F0 5.007(.I).18 G 2.507(fac)-5.007 G .007
-(ommand is hashed,)-2.507 F F2<ad70>2.507 E F0(and)144 208.8 Q F2<ad50>
-3.231 E F0 .731(print the hashed v)3.231 F .73
-(alue, which is not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25
-F F4 -.666(PA)3.23 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .73(If the)
-5.23 F F2<ad61>144 220.8 Q F0 .823(option is used,)3.323 F F2(type)3.323
-E F0 .824(prints all of the places that contain an e)3.323 F -.15(xe)
--.15 G .824(cutable named).15 F F1(name)3.684 E F0 5.824(.T).18 G .824
-(his in-)-5.824 F 1.176
-(cludes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 232.8 R F2<ad70>
-3.676 E F0 1.176(option is not also used.)3.676 F 1.176
-(The table of hashed)6.176 F 1.223(commands is not consulted when using)
-144 244.8 R F2<ad61>3.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F2<ad66>3.723 E F0
-1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .326(with the)
-144 256.8 R F2(command)2.826 E F0 -.2(bu)2.826 G(iltin.).2 E F2(type)
-5.326 E F0 .326(returns true if all of the ar)2.826 F .325
-(guments are found, f)-.18 F .325(alse if an)-.1 F 2.825(ya)-.15 G .325
-(re not)-2.825 F(found.)144 268.8 Q F2(ulimit)108 285.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2
-(\255HS)A F0(])A F2<ad61>2.5 E(ulimit)108 297.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255HS)A
-F0 2.5(][)C F2(\255bcde\214klmnpqrstuvxPR)-2.5 E(T)-.4 E F0([)2.5 E F1
-(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 309.6 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)
--.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .556(Refer to the description of the)144 84
+R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(extdeb)3.056 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .556(option to the)
+3.056 F F1(shopt)3.056 E F0 -.2(bu)3.056 G .556
+(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .557(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)144 96
+Q(UG)-.1 E F0 2.515(trap. If)2.515 F(a)2.515 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
+(sigspec)2.855 E F0(is)2.825 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(RETURN)2.515 E/F4 9
+/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .015(the command)2.265 F F2(action)2.844 E F0
+.014(is e)2.754 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .014(cuted each time a shell function)
+.15 F(or a script e)144 108 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted with the).15 E F1(.)
+2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(sour)2.5 E(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G
+(iltins \214nishes e).2 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting.).15 E .284(If a)144 126
+R F2(sigspec)3.124 E F0(is)3.094 E F3(ERR)2.784 E F4(,)A F0 .284
+(the command)2.534 F F2(action)3.114 E F0 .284(is e)3.024 F -.15(xe)-.15
+G .284(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.784(rap).15 G .285
+(ipeline \(which may consist of a)-2.784 F .185(single simple command\)\
+, a list, or a compound command returns a non\255zero e)144 138 R .184
+(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .451(the follo)144 150 R .451
+(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.451 E F3(ERR)2.951 E F0 .451
+(trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451(cuted if the f).15 F .452
+(ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .388
+(mand list immediately follo)144 162 R .388(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)2.888
+E F0(or)2.888 E F1(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388
+(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F2(if)2.897 E F0 .387
+(statement, part)4.847 F .777(of a command e)144 174 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
+.778(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0 .778
+(list e)3.278 F .778(xcept the command follo)-.15 F .778
+(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0
+3.278(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.278 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 186 R 1.28
+(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.78(sr)-.55 G 1.28(eturn v)-3.78
+F 1.28(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.28(rted using).15 F F1(!)
+3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 198 Q(yed by the)
+-.15 E F1(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(\()2.5 E F1<ad65>A F0 2.5(\)o)C
+(ption.)-2.5 E .069(When the shell is not interacti)144 216 R -.15(ve)
+-.25 G 2.569(,s).15 G .07
+(ignals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)
+-2.569 F(Interacti)144 228 Q .952 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .652
+(hells permit trapping signals ignored on entry).15 F 5.651(.T)-.65 G
+.651(rapped signals that are not being ig-)-6.001 F .576
+(nored are reset to their original v)144 240 R .576
+(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .577
+(vironment when one is created.)-.4 F(The return status is f)144 252 Q
+(alse if an)-.1 E(y)-.15 E F2(sigspec)2.84 E F0(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4
+G(lid; otherwise).25 E F1(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108
+268.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2
+(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 280.8 S .174
+(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.674(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.674 E F2(name)
+3.034 E F0 -.1(wo)2.854 G .173
+(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .173(If the)5.173 F
+F1<ad74>144 292.8 Q F0 .715(option is used,)3.215 F F1(type)3.215 E F0
+.715(prints a string which is one of)3.215 F F2(alias)3.545 E F0(,).27 E
+F2 -.1(ke)3.215 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)5.185 E F0
+(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.215 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.215(,o).24 G(r)-3.215 E F2
+(\214le)5.125 E F0(if)3.395 E F2(name)144.36 304.8 Q F0 .378
+(is an alias, shell reserv)3.058 F .377(ed w)-.15 F .377
+(ord, function, b)-.1 F .377(uiltin, or e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .377
+(cutable disk \214le, respecti).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.377(.I)
+-.65 G 2.877(ft)-5.377 G(he)-2.877 E F2(name)144.36 316.8 Q F0 .645
+(is not found, then nothing is printed, and)3.325 F F1(type)3.146 E F0
+.646(returns a non-zero e)3.146 F .646(xit status.)-.15 F .646(If the)
+5.646 F F1<ad70>3.146 E F0(op-)3.146 E .642(tion is used,)144 328.8 R F1
+(type)3.142 E F0 .642(either returns the name of the e)3.142 F -.15(xe)
+-.15 G .642(cutable \214le that w).15 F .641(ould be found by searching)
+-.1 F F1($P)144 340.8 Q -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0(if)2.615 E F2(name)
+2.975 E F0 .116(were speci\214ed as a command name, or nothing if)2.796
+F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .116(type -t name)2.616 F F0 -.1(wo)2.616 G .116
+(uld not re-).1 F(turn)144 352.8 Q F2(\214le)4.5 E F0 5.09(.T).18 G(he)
+-5.09 E F1<ad50>2.59 E F0 .09(option forces a)2.59 F F3 -.666(PA)2.59 G
+(TH)-.189 E F0 .089(search for each)2.339 F F2(name)2.589 E F0 2.589(,e)
+C -.15(ve)-2.839 G 2.589(ni).15 G(f)-2.589 E F5 .089(type -t name)2.589
+F F0 -.1(wo)2.589 G .089(uld not).1 F(return)144 364.8 Q F2(\214le)5.245
+E F0 5.835(.I).18 G 3.336(fac)-5.835 G .836(ommand is hashed,)-3.336 F
+F1<ad70>3.336 E F0(and)3.336 E F1<ad50>3.336 E F0 .836
+(print the hashed v)3.336 F .836(alue, which is not necessarily)-.25 F
+.033(the \214le that appears \214rst in)144 376.8 R F3 -.666(PA)2.533 G
+(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .033(If the)4.533 F F1<ad61>2.533 E F0 .033
+(option is used,)2.533 F F1(type)2.533 E F0 .033
+(prints all of the places that contain)2.533 F 3.55(ac)144 388.8 S 1.05
+(ommand named)-3.55 F F2(name)3.91 E F0 6.051(.T).18 G 1.051
+(his includes aliases, reserv)-6.051 F 1.051(ed w)-.15 F 1.051
+(ords, functions, and b)-.1 F 1.051(uiltins, b)-.2 F 1.051(ut the)-.2 F
+1.178(path search options \()144 400.8 R F1<ad70>A F0(and)3.678 E F1
+<ad50>3.678 E F0 3.678(\)c)C 1.177
+(an be supplied to restrict the output to e)-3.678 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
+1.177(cutable \214les.).15 F F1(type)6.177 E F0 .035
+(does not consult the table of hashed commands when using)144 412.8 R F1
+<ad61>2.535 E F0(with)2.535 E F1<ad70>2.535 E F0 2.535(,a)C .036
+(nd only performs a)-2.535 F F3 -.666(PA)2.536 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .912
+(search for)144 424.8 R F2(name)3.412 E F0 5.912(.T)C(he)-5.912 E F1
+<ad66>3.412 E F0 .911
+(option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the)3.412 F F1
+(command)3.411 E F0 -.2(bu)3.411 G(iltin.).2 E F1(type)144 436.8 Q F0
+(returns true if all of the ar)2.5 E(guments are found, f)-.18 E
+(alse if an)-.1 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re not found.)-2.5 E F1(ulimit)108 453.6
+Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HS)A F0(])A F1<ad61>2.5 E(ulimit)108 465.6 Q F0([)
+2.5 E F1(\255HS)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255bcde\214klmnpqrstuvxPR)-2.5 E(T)-.4
+E F0([)2.5 E F2(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 477.6 Q .243(vides control o)
+-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25
+(va)-.2 G .244
(ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F
-.944(that allo)144 321.6 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F
-(The)5.944 E F
2<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F2<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943
+.944(that allo)144 489.6 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F
+(The)5.944 E F
1<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943
(options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi)
-144 333.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208
+144 501.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208
(hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\
-ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 345.6 R .426
-(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F
2<ad48>2.925 E
-F0(nor)2.925 E F
2<ad53>2.925 E F0 .425
+ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 513.6 R .426
+(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F
1<ad48>2.925 E
+F0(nor)2.925 E F
1<ad53>2.925 E F0 .425
(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
-357.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F1(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
+525.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
(can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F
-.742(of the special v)144 369.6 R(alues)-.25 E F2(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F2
-(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F2(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
+.742(of the special v)144 537.6 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F1
+(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .023
-(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 381.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
-5.023(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.023 E F1(limit)2.613 E F0 .023
+(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 549.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
+5.023(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.023 E F2(limit)2.613 E F0 .023
(is omitted, the current v)3.203 F .023
(alue of the soft limit of the re-)-.25 F .985
-(source is printed, unless the)144
393.6 R F2<ad48>3.485 E F0 .984
+(source is printed, unless the)144
561.6 R F1<ad48>3.485 E F0 .984
(option is gi)3.485 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.484(n. When).15 F .984
(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)3.484 F .7
-(limit name and unit, if appropriate, are printed before the v)144 405.6
+(limit name and unit, if appropriate, are printed before the v)144 573.6
R 3.2(alue. Other)-.25 F .7(options are interpreted as)3.2 F(follo)144
-417.6 Q(ws:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 429.6 Q F0
-(All current limits are reported; no limits are set)180
429.6 Q F2<ad62>
-144 441.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)180 441.6 Q(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E
-(fer size)-.25 E F2<ad63>144 453.6 Q F0
-(The maximum size of core \214les created)180 453.6 Q F2<ad64>144 465.6
-Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 465.6 Q 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se)
--2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F2<ad65>144 477.6 Q F0
-(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))180
477.6 Q F2<ad66>144
-489.6 Q F0
+585.6 Q(ws:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 597.6 Q F0
+(All current limits are reported; no limits are set)180
597.6 Q F1<ad62>
+144 609.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)180 609.6 Q(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E
+(fer size)-.25 E F1<ad63>144 621.6 Q F0
+(The maximum size of core \214les created)180 621.6 Q F1<ad64>144 633.6
+Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 633.6 Q 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se)
+-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 645.6 Q F0
+(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))180
645.6 Q F1<ad66>144
+657.6 Q F0
(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)180
-489.6 Q F2<ad69>144 501.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)180
-501.6 Q F2<ad6b>144 513.6 Q F0
-(The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated)180 513.6 Q F2
-<ad6c>144 525.6 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)180 525.6 Q
-(ed into memory)-.1 E F2<ad6d>144 537.6 Q F0
-(The maximum resident set size \(man)180 537.6 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G
-(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F2<ad6e>144 549.6 Q F0 .791(Th\
+657.6 Q F1<ad69>144 669.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)180
+669.6 Q F1<ad6b>144 681.6 Q F0
+(The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated)180 681.6 Q F1
+<ad6c>144 693.6 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)180 693.6 Q
+(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 705.6 Q F0
+(The maximum resident set size \(man)180 705.6 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G
+(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 717.6 Q F0 .791(Th\
e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)
-180 549.6 R 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F
-(be set\))180 561.6 Q F2<ad70>144 573.6 Q F0
-(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 573.6 Q F2
-<ad71>144 585.6 Q F0
-(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)180 585.6 Q F2
-<ad72>144 597.6 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)180 597.6
-Q F2<ad73>144 609.6 Q F0(The maximum stack size)180 609.6 Q F2<ad74>144
-621.6 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)180 621.6 Q F2
-<ad75>144 633.6 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)180 633.6 Q -.25
-(va)-.2 G(ilable to a single user).25 E F2<ad76>144 645.6 Q F0 .47
-(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)180 645.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G .47
-(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180
-657.6 Q F2<ad78>144 669.6 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)180
-669.6 Q F2<ad50>144 681.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pseudoterminals)180
-681.6 Q F2<ad52>144 693.6 Q F0(The maximum time a real-time process can\
- run before blocking, in microseconds)180 693.6 Q F2<ad54>144 705.6 Q F0
-(The maximum number of threads)180 705.6 Q(If)144 722.4 Q F1(limit)3.058
-E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .468(n, and the).15 F F2<ad61>
-2.968 E F0 .468(option is not used,)2.968 F F1(limit)2.968 E F0 .468
-(is the ne)2.968 F 2.968(wv)-.25 G .468
-(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72
-768 Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(24)185.545 E 0 Cg
-EP
+180 717.6 R 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F
+(be set\))180 729.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2023 January 27)141.79 E(24)
+190.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 25 25
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .044(no option is gi)144 84 R -.15(ve)-.25
-G .044(n, then).15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad66>2.544 E F0 .045
-(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad70>144 84 Q F0
+(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 84 Q F1
+<ad71>144 96 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)
+180 96 Q F1<ad72>144 108 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)
+180 108 Q F1<ad73>144 120 Q F0(The maximum stack size)180 120 Q F1<ad74>
+144 132 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)180 132 Q F1
+<ad75>144 144 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)180 144 Q -.25(va)
+-.2 G(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 156 Q F0 .47
+(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)180 156 R -.25(va)-.2 G .47
+(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 168
+Q F1<ad78>144 180 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)180 180 Q F1
+<ad50>144 192 Q F0(The maximum number of pseudoterminals)180 192 Q F1
+<ad52>144 204 Q F0(The maximum time a real-time process can run before \
+blocking, in microseconds)180 204 Q F1<ad54>144 216 Q F0
+(The maximum number of threads)180 216 Q(If)144 232.8 Q/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)3.058 E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+.468(n, and the).15 F F1<ad61>2.968 E F0 .468(option is not used,)2.968
+F F2(limit)2.968 E F0 .468(is the ne)2.968 F 2.968(wv)-.25 G .468
+(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .044
+(no option is gi)144 244.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .044(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>
+2.544 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045
(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .045(xcept for)-.15 F F1
-<ad74>2.545 E F0 2.545(,w)C .045(hich is)-2.545 F .67(in seconds;)144 96
-R F1<ad52>3.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in microseconds;)-3.17 F F1
-<ad70>3.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks;)-3.17
-F F1<ad50>3.17 E F0(,)A F1<ad54>3.17 E F0(,)A F1<ad62>3.17 E F0(,)A F1
-<ad6b>144 108 Q F0(,)A F1<ad6e>3.736 E F0 3.736(,a)C(nd)-3.736 E F1
-<ad75>3.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.236(hich are unscaled v)-3.736 F 1.236
+<ad74>2.545 E F0 2.545(,w)C .045(hich is)-2.545 F .67(in seconds;)144
+256.8 R F1<ad52>3.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in microseconds;)-3.17 F
+F1<ad70>3.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks;)
+-3.17 F F1<ad50>3.17 E F0(,)A F1<ad54>3.17 E F0(,)A F1<ad62>3.17 E F0(,)
+A F1<ad6b>144 268.8 Q F0(,)A F1<ad6e>3.736 E F0 3.736(,a)C(nd)-3.736 E
+
F1<ad75>3.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.236(hich are unscaled v)-3.736 F 1.236
(alues; and, when in posix mode,)-.25 F F1<ad63>3.736 E F0(and)3.736 E
F1<ad66>3.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.237(hich are in)-3.736 F .239
-(512-byte increments.)144 120 R .238
+(512-byte increments.)144 280.8 R .238
(The return status is 0 unless an in)5.239 F -.25(va)-.4 G .238
(lid option or ar).25 F .238(gument is supplied, or an)-.18 F
-(error occurs while setting a ne)144 132 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1
-
(umask)108 148.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0
-2.5(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .18
-(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 160.8 R F2(mode)3.06 E F0
+(error occurs while setting a ne)144 292.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E
+
F1(umask)108 309.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0
+2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .18
+(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 321.6 R F2(mode)3.06 E F0
5.18(.I).18 G(f)-5.18 E F2(mode)3.06 E F0(be)2.86 E .18
(gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\
therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\
-pted by)144 172.8 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
-184.8 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382
+pted by)144 333.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
+345.6 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382
(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382
(option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547
-(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 196.8 R .547
+(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 357.6 R .547
(ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G
(he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2
-(mode)144.38 208.8 Q F0 .551
+(mode)144.38 369.6 Q F0 .551
(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231
-F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 220.8 Q
+F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 381.6 Q
(as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E
(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1
-(unalias)108 237.6 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
-(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 249.6 Q 1.058 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
+(unalias)108 398.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
+(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 410.4 Q 1.058 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
3.258 E F0 .758(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)3.258 F(If)5.758 E
F1<ad61>3.258 E F0 .757(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are re-)
-3.258 F(mo)144 261.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
+3.258 F(mo)144 422.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
(alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0
-(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 278.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
+(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 439.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])
-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 290.4 S 3.803(re).15 G(ach)-3.803 E F2(name)4.163 E F0
+2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 451.2 S 3.803(re).15 G(ach)-3.803 E F2(name)4.163 E F0
3.803(,r).18 G(emo)-3.803 E 1.603 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.303
(he corresponding v).15 F 1.303(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.303
(If the)6.303 F F1<ad76>3.804 E F0 1.304(option is gi)3.804 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G 1.304(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 302.4 Q F0 .465
+-.25 G 1.304(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 463.2 Q F0 .465
(refers to a shell v)3.145 F .464(ariable, and that v)-.25 F .464
(ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.964(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va)
-2.964 G .464(riables may not be un-).25 F 2.768(set. If)144 314.4 R F1
+2.964 G .464(riables may not be un-).25 F 2.768(set. If)144 475.2 R F1
<ad66>2.768 E F0 .269(is speci\214ed, each)2.768 F F2(name)3.129 E F0
.269(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)
-2.949 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .404(If the)144
326.4 R F1<ad6e>2.904 E
+2.949 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .404(If the)144
487.2 R F1<ad6e>2.904 E
F0 .404(option is supplied, and)2.904 F F2(name)2.904 E F0 .404(is a v)
2.904 F .404(ariable with the)-.25 F F2(namer)2.904 E(ef)-.37 E F0
(attrib)2.904 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.904 E F0 .403(will be unset)2.904 F
-.719(rather than the v)144 338.4 R .719(ariable it references.)-.25 F F1
+.719(rather than the v)144 499.2 R .719(ariable it references.)-.25 F F1
<ad6e>5.719 E F0 .719(has no ef)3.219 F .719(fect if the)-.25 F F1<ad66>
3.22 E F0 .72(option is supplied.)3.22 F .72(If no options)5.72 F .737
-(are supplied, each)144 350.4 R F2(name)3.237 E F0 .737(refers to a v)
+(are supplied, each)144 511.2 R F2(name)3.237 E F0 .737(refers to a v)
3.237 F .737(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .736
(ariable by that name, a function with)-.25 F 1.761(that name, if an)144
-362.4 R 3.061 -.65(y, i)-.15 H 4.261(su).65 G 4.261(nset. Each)-4.261 F
+523.2 R 3.061 -.65(y, i)-.15 H 4.261(su).65 G 4.261(nset. Each)-4.261 F
1.761(unset v)4.261 F 1.761(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)
-.15 G 4.262(df).15 G 1.762(rom the en)-4.262 F(vironment)-.4 E 3.172
-(passed to subsequent commands.)144 374.4 R 3.172(If an)8.172 F 5.672
+(passed to subsequent commands.)144 535.2 R 3.172(If an)8.172 F 5.672
(yo)-.15 G(f)-5.672 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)5.672 G(SH_ALIASES)
.27 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3 -.27(BA)5.421 G(SH_ARGV0).27 E F4(,)A
-F3 -.27(BA)5.421 G(SH_CMDS).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)144 386.4 S
+F3 -.27(BA)5.421 G(SH_CMDS).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)144 547.2 S
(SH_COMMAND).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)11.481 G(SH_SUBSHELL).27 E F4(,)A F3
-.27(BA)11.482 G(SHPID).27 E F4(,)A F3(COMP_W)11.482 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E
F4(,)A F3(DIRST)11.482 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F4(,)A F3(EPOCHREAL)
-144 398.4 Q(TIME)-.828 E F4(,)A F3(EPOCHSECONDS)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN)
+144 559.2 Q(TIME)-.828 E F4(,)A F3(EPOCHSECONDS)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN)
2.67 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)2.67 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)2.67
E F4(,)A F3(LINENO)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(RANDOM)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)144
-410.4 Q F4(,)A F0(or)4.029 E F3(SRANDOM)4.279 E F0 1.779(are unset, the)
+571.2 Q F4(,)A F0(or)4.029 E F3(SRANDOM)4.279 E F0 1.779(are unset, the)
4.029 F 4.279(yl)-.15 G 1.779(ose their special properties, e)-4.279 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 4.279(ni).15 G 4.28(ft)-4.279 G(he)-4.28 E 4.28(ya)-.15 G
-1.78(re subse-)-4.28 F(quently reset.)144 422.4 Q(The e)5 E
+1.78(re subse-)-4.28 F(quently reset.)144 583.2 Q(The e)5 E
(xit status is true unless a)-.15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0
-(is readonly or may not be unset.)2.68 E F1(wait)108 439.2 Q F0([)2.5 E
-
F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F2(varname)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
-(id ...)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 451.2 S .659(it for each speci\214ed c\
-hild process and return its termination status.).8 F(Each)5.659 E F2(id)
+(is readonly or may not be unset.)2.68 E F1(wait)108 600 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
+(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F2(varname)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
+(id ...)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 612 S .659(it for each speci\214ed chi\
+ld process and return its termination status.).8 F(Each)5.659 E F2(id)
3.169 E F0 .658(may be a process)3.928 F .008
-(ID or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 463.2 R -.15(ve)
--.25 G .009(n, all processes in that job').15 F 2.509(sp)-.55 G .009
+(ID or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 624 R -.15(ve)-.25
+G .009(n, all processes in that job').15 F 2.509(sp)-.55 G .009
(ipeline are w)-2.509 F .009(aited for)-.1 F 5.009(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.009 E
-F2(id)144.01 475.2 Q F0 .442(is not gi)3.712 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E
-F1(wait)2.942 E F0 -.1(wa)2.942 G .441
+F2(id)144.01 636 Q F0 .442(is not gi)3.712 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F1
+(wait)2.942 E F0 -.1(wa)2.942 G .441
(its for all running background jobs and the last-e).1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
.441(cuted process substitu-).15 F .597
-(tion, if its process id is the same as)144 487.2 R F1($!)3.098 E F0
-3.098(,a)C .598(nd the return status is zero.)-3.098 F .598(If the)5.598
-F F1<ad6e>3.098 E F0 .598(option is supplied,)3.098 F F1(wait)144 499.2
-Q F0 -.1(wa)3.083 G .583(its for a single job from the list of).1 F F2
-(id)3.083 E F0 3.083(so)C 1.383 -.4(r, i)-3.083 H 3.083(fn).4 G(o)-3.083
-E F2(id)3.083 E F0 3.083(sa)C .583(re supplied, an)-3.083 F 3.083(yj)
--.15 G .582(ob, to complete and)-3.083 F .403(returns its e)144 511.2 R
-.403(xit status.)-.15 F .403(If none of the supplied ar)5.403 F .403
+(tion, if its process id is the same as)144 648 R F1($!)3.098 E F0 3.098
+(,a)C .598(nd the return status is zero.)-3.098 F .598(If the)5.598 F F1
+<ad6e>3.098 E F0 .598(option is supplied,)3.098 F F1(wait)144 660 Q F0
+-.1(wa)3.083 G .583(its for a single job from the list of).1 F F2(id)
+3.083 E F0 3.083(so)C 1.383 -.4(r, i)-3.083 H 3.083(fn).4 G(o)-3.083 E
+F2(id)3.083 E F0 3.083(sa)C .583(re supplied, an)-3.083 F 3.083(yj)-.15
+G .582(ob, to complete and)-3.083 F .403(returns its e)144 672 R .403
+(xit status.)-.15 F .403(If none of the supplied ar)5.403 F .403
(guments is a child of the shell, or if no ar)-.18 F(guments)-.18 E .573
-(are supplied and the shell has no unw)144 523.2 R .573
+(are supplied and the shell has no unw)144 684 R .573
(aited-for children, the e)-.1 F .573(xit status is 127.)-.15 F .572
(If the)5.573 F F1<ad70>3.072 E F0 .572(option is)3.072 F .39
(supplied, the process or job identi\214er of the job for which the e)
-144 535.2 R .39(xit status is returned is assigned to)-.15 F .905(the v)
-144 547.2 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname)3.405 E F0 .905
+144 696 R .39(xit status is returned is assigned to)-.15 F .905(the v)
+144 708 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname)3.405 E F0 .905
(named by the option ar)3.405 F 3.405(gument. The)-.18 F -.25(va)3.405 G
.905(riable will be unset initially).25 F 3.405(,b)-.65 G(efore)-3.405 E
-(an)144 559.2 Q 3.89(ya)-.15 G 3.89(ssignment. This)-3.89 F 1.39
+(an)144 720 Q 3.89(ya)-.15 G 3.89(ssignment. This)-3.89 F 1.39
(is useful only when the)3.89 F F1<ad6e>3.89 E F0 1.39
(option is supplied.)3.89 F 1.39(Supplying the)6.39 F F1<ad66>3.89 E F0
-(option,)3.89 E .575(when job control is enabled, forces)144 571.2 R F1
-(wait)3.075 E F0 .575(to w)3.075 F .575(ait for)-.1 F F2(id)3.075 E F0
-.574(to terminate before returning its status, in-)3.075 F .635
-(stead of returning when it changes status.)144 583.2 R(If)5.635 E F2
-(id)3.145 E F0 .635(speci\214es a non-e)3.905 F .635
-(xistent process or job, the return)-.15 F .802(status is 127.)144 595.2
-R(If)5.801 E F1(wait)3.301 E F0 .801(is interrupted by a signal, the re\
-turn status will be greater than 128, as de-)3.301 F 1.758
-(scribed under)144 607.2 R F1(SIGN)4.258 E(ALS)-.2 E F0(in)4.258 E F2
-(bash\(1\))4.258 E F0 6.758(.O)C 1.759
-(therwise, the return status is the e)-6.758 F 1.759
-(xit status of the last)-.15 F(process or job w)144 619.2 Q(aited for)
--.1 E(.)-.55 E/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL COMP)72 636 Q -1.04(AT)
--.81 G(IBILITY MODE)1.04 E F0 1.355
-(Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a)108 648 R F2 1.355
-(shell compatibility le)3.855 F(vel)-.15 E F0 3.855(,s)C 1.354
-(peci\214ed as a set of options to the shopt)-3.855 F -.2(bu)108 660 S
-.398(iltin \().2 F F1(compat31)2.898 E F0(,)A F1(compat32)2.898 E F0(,)A
-F1(compat40)2.898 E F0(,)A F1(compat41)2.898 E F0 2.898(,a)C .399
-(nd so on\).)-2.898 F .399(There is only one current compatibility)5.399
-F(le)108 672 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.254(l-).15 G 3.254(-e)-3.254 G .754
-(ach option is mutually e)-3.254 F(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.754
-(.T).15 G .754(he compatibility le)-5.754 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.253(li).15
-G 3.253(si)-3.253 G .753(ntended to allo)-3.253 F 3.253(wu)-.25 G .753
-(sers to select be-)-3.253 F(ha)108 684 Q 1.083(vior from pre)-.2 F
-1.083(vious v)-.25 F 1.083(ersions that is incompatible with ne)-.15 F
-1.083(wer v)-.25 F 1.083(ersions while the)-.15 F 3.584(ym)-.15 G 1.084
-(igrate scripts to use)-3.584 F(current features and beha)108 696 Q
-(vior)-.2 E 2.5(.I)-.55 G(t')-2.5 E 2.5(si)-.55 G
-(ntended to be a temporary solution.)-2.5 E 1.457
-(This section does not mention beha)108 712.8 R 1.457
-(vior that is standard for a particular v)-.2 F 1.456
-(ersion \(e.g., setting)-.15 F F1(compat32)3.956 E F0 .886
-(means that quoting the rhs of the re)108 724.8 R(ge)-.15 E .886
-(xp matching operator quotes special re)-.15 F(ge)-.15 E .887
-(xp characters in the w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)
-136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(25)185.545 E 0 Cg EP
+(option,)3.89 E(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2023 January 27)141.79 E(25)190.95
+E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 26 26
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(which is def)108 84 Q(ault beha)-.1 E
-(vior in bash-3.2 and subsequent v)-.2 E(ersions\).)-.15 E .523
-(If a user enables, say)108 100.8 R(,)-.65 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
-(compat32)3.023 E F0 3.023(,i)C 3.023(tm)-3.023 G .523(ay af)-3.023 F
-.523(fect the beha)-.25 F .523(vior of other compatibility le)-.2 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G .522(ls up to and includ-).15 F .259
-(ing the current compatibility le)108 112.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.759
-(l. The).15 F .259(idea is that each compatibility le)2.759 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G 2.76(lc).15 G .26(ontrols beha)-2.76 F .26(vior that changed)-.2
-F 1.646(in that v)108 124.8 R 1.646(ersion of)-.15 F F1(bash)4.146 E F0
-4.146(,b)C 1.646(ut that beha)-4.346 F 1.646(vior may ha)-.2 F 1.946
--.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.646(een present in earlier v).15 F 4.146(ersions. F)
--.15 F 1.645(or instance, the)-.15 F .76
-(change to use locale-based comparisons with the)108 136.8 R F1([[)3.261
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .575(when job control is enabled, forces)
+144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(wait)3.075 E F0 .575(to w)3.075 F .575
+(ait for)-.1 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(id)3.075 E F0 .574
+(to terminate before returning its status, in-)3.075 F .635
+(stead of returning when it changes status.)144 96 R(If)5.635 E F2(id)
+3.145 E F0 .635(speci\214es a non-e)3.905 F .635
+(xistent process or job, the return)-.15 F .802(status is 127.)144 108 R
+(If)5.801 E F1(wait)3.301 E F0 .801(is interrupted by a signal, the ret\
+urn status will be greater than 128, as de-)3.301 F 1.758(scribed under)
+144 120 R F1(SIGN)4.258 E(ALS)-.2 E F0(in)4.258 E F2(bash\(1\))4.258 E
+F0 6.758(.O)C 1.759(therwise, the return status is the e)-6.758 F 1.759
+(xit status of the last)-.15 F(process or job w)144 132 Q(aited for)-.1
+E(.)-.55 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL COMP)72 148.8 Q -1.04(AT)-.81
+G(IBILITY MODE)1.04 E F0 1.355(Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a)108
+160.8 R F2 1.355(shell compatibility le)3.855 F(vel)-.15 E F0 3.855(,s)C
+1.354(peci\214ed as a set of options to the shopt)-3.855 F -.2(bu)108
+172.8 S .398(iltin \().2 F F1(compat31)2.898 E F0(,)A F1(compat32)2.898
+E F0(,)A F1(compat40)2.898 E F0(,)A F1(compat41)2.898 E F0 2.898(,a)C
+.399(nd so on\).)-2.898 F .399(There is only one current compatibility)
+5.399 F(le)108 184.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.254(l-).15 G 3.254(-e)-3.254 G
+.754(ach option is mutually e)-3.254 F(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
+5.754(.T).15 G .754(he compatibility le)-5.754 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.253
+(li).15 G 3.253(si)-3.253 G .753(ntended to allo)-3.253 F 3.253(wu)-.25
+G .753(sers to select be-)-3.253 F(ha)108 196.8 Q 1.083(vior from pre)
+-.2 F 1.083(vious v)-.25 F 1.083(ersions that is incompatible with ne)
+-.15 F 1.083(wer v)-.25 F 1.083(ersions while the)-.15 F 3.584(ym)-.15 G
+1.084(igrate scripts to use)-3.584 F(current features and beha)108 208.8
+Q(vior)-.2 E 2.5(.I)-.55 G(t')-2.5 E 2.5(si)-.55 G
+(ntended to be a temporary solution.)-2.5 E 1.457
+(This section does not mention beha)108 225.6 R 1.457
+(vior that is standard for a particular v)-.2 F 1.456
+(ersion \(e.g., setting)-.15 F F1(compat32)3.956 E F0 .886
+(means that quoting the rhs of the re)108 237.6 R(ge)-.15 E .886
+(xp matching operator quotes special re)-.15 F(ge)-.15 E .887
+(xp characters in the w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E(which is def)108 249.6 Q
+(ault beha)-.1 E(vior in bash-3.2 and subsequent v)-.2 E(ersions\).)-.15
+E .523(If a user enables, say)108 266.4 R(,)-.65 E F1(compat32)3.023 E
+F0 3.023(,i)C 3.023(tm)-3.023 G .523(ay af)-3.023 F .523(fect the beha)
+-.25 F .523(vior of other compatibility le)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .522
+(ls up to and includ-).15 F .259(ing the current compatibility le)108
+278.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.759(l. The).15 F .259
+(idea is that each compatibility le)2.759 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.76(lc).15 G
+.26(ontrols beha)-2.76 F .26(vior that changed)-.2 F 1.646(in that v)108
+290.4 R 1.646(ersion of)-.15 F F1(bash)4.146 E F0 4.146(,b)C 1.646
+(ut that beha)-4.346 F 1.646(vior may ha)-.2 F 1.946 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
+1.646(een present in earlier v).15 F 4.146(ersions. F)-.15 F 1.645
+(or instance, the)-.15 F .76
+(change to use locale-based comparisons with the)108 302.4 R F1([[)3.261
E F0 .761(command came in bash-4.1, and earlier v)3.261 F .761
(ersions used)-.15 F 1.905(ASCII-based comparisons, so enabling)108
-148.8 R F1(compat32)4.405 E F0 1.904
+314.4 R F1(compat32)4.405 E F0 1.904
(will enable ASCII-based comparisons as well.)4.405 F(That)6.904 E .295
-(granularity may not be suf)108 160.8 R .296
+(granularity may not be suf)108 326.4 R .296
(\214cient for all uses, and as a result users should emplo)-.25 F 2.796
(yc)-.1 G .296(ompatibility le)-2.796 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .296(ls care-).15
-F(fully)108 172.8 Q 5(.R)-.65 G(ead the documentation for a particular \
+F(fully)108 338.4 Q 5(.R)-.65 G(ead the documentation for a particular \
feature to \214nd out the current beha)-5 E(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E .532
-(Bash-4.3 introduced a ne)108 189.6 R 3.032(ws)-.25 G .531(hell v)-3.032
-F(ariable:)-.25 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)3.031 G(SH_COMP).27 E
--.855(AT)-.666 G/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.).855 E F0 .531(The v)5.031 F
+(Bash-4.3 introduced a ne)108 355.2 R 3.032(ws)-.25 G .531(hell v)-3.032
+F(ariable:)-.25 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)3.031 G(SH_COMP).27 E
+-.855(AT)-.666 G/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.).855 E F0 .531(The v)5.031 F
.531(alue assigned to this v)-.25 F .531(ariable \(a decimal)-.25 F -.15
-(ve)108 201.6 S .107(rsion number lik).15 F 2.607(e4)-.1 G .107
+(ve)108 367.2 S .107(rsion number lik).15 F 2.607(e4)-.1 G .107
(.2, or an inte)-2.607 F .107(ger corresponding to the)-.15 F F1(compat)
-2.608 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(NN)A F0 .108(option, lik)2.608 F 2.608
-(e4)-.1 G .108(2\) determines the com-)-2.608 F(patibility le)108 213.6
-Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E .388(Starting with bash-4.4, Bash has be)108
-230.4 R .388(gun deprecating older compatibility le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25
-G 2.887(ls. Ev).15 F(entually)-.15 E 2.887(,t)-.65 G .387
-(he options will)-2.887 F(be remo)108 242.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(di).15
-G 2.5(nf)-2.5 G -.2(avo)-2.6 G 2.5(ro).2 G(f)-2.5 E F2 -.27(BA)2.5 G
-(SH_COMP).27 E -.855(AT)-.666 G F3(.).855 E F0 1.163
-(Bash-5.0 is the \214nal v)108 259.2 R 1.163
-(ersion for which there will be an indi)-.15 F 1.164
+2.608 E F2(NN)A F0 .108(option, lik)2.608 F 2.608(e4)-.1 G .108
+(2\) determines the com-)-2.608 F(patibility le)108 379.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25
+G(l.).15 E .388(Starting with bash-4.4, Bash has be)108 396 R .388
+(gun deprecating older compatibility le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.887
+(ls. Ev).15 F(entually)-.15 E 2.887(,t)-.65 G .387(he options will)
+-2.887 F(be remo)108 408 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(di).15 G 2.5(nf)-2.5 G -.2
+(avo)-2.6 G 2.5(ro).2 G(f)-2.5 E F4 -.27(BA)2.5 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855
+(AT)-.666 G F5(.).855 E F0 1.163(Bash-5.0 is the \214nal v)108 424.8 R
+1.163(ersion for which there will be an indi)-.15 F 1.164
(vidual shopt option for the pre)-.25 F 1.164(vious v)-.25 F(ersion.)
--.15 E(Users should use)108 271.2 Q F2 -.27(BA)2.5 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855
+-.15 E(Users should use)108 436.8 Q F4 -.27(BA)2.5 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855
(AT)-.666 G F0(on bash-5.0 and later v)3.105 E(ersions.)-.15 E 1.614
-(The follo)108 288 R 1.613(wing table describes the beha)-.25 F 1.613
+(The follo)108 453.6 R 1.613(wing table describes the beha)-.25 F 1.613
(vior changes controlled by each compatibility le)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-4.113(ls).15 G 4.113(etting. The)-4.113 F F1(compat)108 300 Q F4(NN)A F0
-1.186(tag is used as shorthand for setting the compatibility le)3.685 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 3.686(lt).15 G(o)-3.686 E F4(NN)3.686 E F0 1.186
-(using one of the follo)3.686 F(wing)-.25 E 3.807(mechanisms. F)108 312
-R 1.307(or v)-.15 F 1.307
+4.113(ls).15 G 4.113(etting. The)-4.113 F F1(compat)108 465.6 Q F2(NN)A
+F0 1.186(tag is used as shorthand for setting the compatibility le)3.685
+F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.686(lt).15 G(o)-3.686 E F2(NN)3.686 E F0 1.186
+(using one of the follo)3.686 F(wing)-.25 E 3.807(mechanisms. F)108
+477.6 R 1.307(or v)-.15 F 1.307
(ersions prior to bash-5.0, the compatibility le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.806(lm).15 G 1.306(ay be set using the corresponding)-3.806 F F1
-(compat)108 324 Q F4(NN)A F0 .502(shopt option.)3.002 F -.15(Fo)5.502 G
-3.002(rb).15 G .502(ash-4.3 and later v)-3.002 F .502(ersions, the)-.15
-F F2 -.27(BA)3.002 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855(AT)-.666 G F0 -.25(va)3.607 G
-.502(riable is preferred, and it).25 F
-(is required for bash-5.1 and later v)108 336 Q(ersions.)-.15 E F1
-(compat31)108 352.8 Q F0<83>144 364.8 Q(quoting the rhs of the)180 364.8
+(compat)108 489.6 Q F2(NN)A F0 .502(shopt option.)3.002 F -.15(Fo)5.502
+G 3.002(rb).15 G .502(ash-4.3 and later v)-3.002 F .502(ersions, the)
+-.15 F F4 -.27(BA)3.002 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855(AT)-.666 G F0 -.25(va)
+3.607 G .502(riable is preferred, and it).25 F
+(is required for bash-5.1 and later v)108 501.6 Q(ersions.)-.15 E F1
+(compat31)108 518.4 Q F0<83>144 530.4 Q(quoting the rhs of the)180 530.4
Q F1([[)2.5 E F0(command')2.5 E 2.5(sr)-.55 G -.15(eg)-2.5 G -.15(ex).15
G 2.5(pm).15 G(atching operator \(=~\) has no special ef)-2.5 E(fect)
--.25 E F1(compat32)108 381.6 Q F0<83>144 393.6 Q .35
-(interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes the e)180 393.6
+-.25 E F1(compat32)108 547.2 Q F0<83>144 559.2 Q .35
+(interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes the e)180 559.2
R -.15(xe)-.15 G .35(cution of the ne).15 F .35(xt command)-.15 F .017
-(in the list \(in bash-4.0 and later v)180 405.6 R .018
+(in the list \(in bash-4.0 and later v)180 571.2 R .018
(ersions, the shell acts as if it recei)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.518(dt)
.15 G .018(he interrupt, so in-)-2.518 F
-(terrupting one command in a list aborts the e)180 417.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15
-G(cution of the entire list\)).15 E F1(compat40)108 434.4 Q F0<83>144
-446.4 Q(the)180 446.4 Q F1(<)2.674 E F0(and)2.674 E F1(>)2.673 E F0 .173
+(terrupting one command in a list aborts the e)180 583.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15
+G(cution of the entire list\)).15 E F1(compat40)108 600 Q F0<83>144 612
+Q(the)180 612 Q F1(<)2.674 E F0(and)2.674 E F1(>)2.673 E F0 .173
(operators to the)2.673 F F1([[)2.673 E F0 .173
(command do not consider the current locale when compar)2.673 F(-)-.2 E
-.067(ing strings; the)180 458.4 R 2.567(yu)-.15 G .067
-(se ASCII ordering.)-2.567 F .068(Bash v)5.068 F .068
-(ersions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII collation)-.15 F(and)180 470.4 Q F4
+.067(ing strings; the)180 624 R 2.567(yu)-.15 G .067(se ASCII ordering.)
+-2.567 F .068(Bash v)5.068 F .068
+(ersions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII collation)-.15 F(and)180 636 Q F2
(str)4.743 E(cmp)-.37 E F0 1.903
(\(3\); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale').19 F 4.402(sc)-.55 G
-1.902(ollation sequence and)-4.402 F F4(str)4.742 E(-)-.2 E(coll)180
-482.4 Q F0(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat41)108 499.2 Q F0<83>144 511.2 Q(in)180
-511.2 Q F4(posix)3.79 E F0(mode,)3.79 E F1(time)3.79 E F0 1.29
-(may be follo)3.79 F 1.29
-(wed by options and still be recognized as a reserv)-.25 F(ed)-.15 E -.1
-(wo)180 523.2 S(rd \(this is POSIX interpretation 267\)).1 E<83>144
-535.2 Q(in)180 535.2 Q F4(posix)2.709 E F0 .208
+1.902(ollation sequence and)-4.402 F F2(str)4.742 E(-)-.2 E(coll)180 648
+Q F0(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat41)108 664.8 Q F0<83>144 676.8 Q(in)180 676.8
+Q F2(posix)3.79 E F0(mode,)3.79 E F1(time)3.79 E F0 1.29(may be follo)
+3.79 F 1.29(wed by options and still be recognized as a reserv)-.25 F
+(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)180 688.8 S(rd \(this is POSIX interpretation 267\)).1
+E<83>144 700.8 Q(in)180 700.8 Q F2(posix)2.709 E F0 .208
(mode, the parser requires that an e)2.709 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nn).15
-G .208(umber of single quotes occur in the)-2.708 F F4(wor)2.708 E(d)
--.37 E F0 .281(portion of a double-quoted parameter e)180 547.2 R .282
+G .208(umber of single quotes occur in the)-2.708 F F2(wor)2.708 E(d)
+-.37 E F0 .281(portion of a double-quoted parameter e)180 712.8 R .282
(xpansion and treats them specially)-.15 F 2.782(,s)-.65 G 2.782(ot)
-2.782 G .282(hat charac-)-2.782 F(ters within the single quotes are co\
-nsidered quoted \(this is POSIX interpretation 221\))180 559.2 Q F1
-(compat42)108 576 Q F0<83>144 588 Q 1.056(the replacement string in dou\
-ble-quoted pattern substitution does not under)180 588 R 1.055
-(go quote re-)-.18 F(mo)180 600 Q -.25(va)-.15 G(l, as it does in v).25
-E(ersions after bash-4.2)-.15 E<83>144 612 Q .021
-(in posix mode, single quotes are considered special when e)180 612 R
-.021(xpanding the)-.15 F F4(wor)2.521 E(d)-.37 E F0 .021(portion of a)
-2.521 F .018(double-quoted parameter e)180 624 R .017
+nsidered quoted \(this is POSIX interpretation 221\))180 724.8 Q
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2023 January 27)141.79 E(26)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
+%%Page: 27 27
+%%BeginPageSetup
+BP
+%%EndPageSetup
+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
+(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
+E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(compat42)108 84 Q F0
+<83>144 96 Q 1.056(the replacement string in double-quoted pattern subs\
+titution does not under)180 96 R 1.055(go quote re-)-.18 F(mo)180 108 Q
+-.25(va)-.15 G(l, as it does in v).25 E(ersions after bash-4.2)-.15 E
+<83>144 120 Q .021
+(in posix mode, single quotes are considered special when e)180 120 R
+.021(xpanding the)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)2.521 E(d)-.37 E F0
+.021(portion of a)2.521 F .018(double-quoted parameter e)180 132 R .017
(xpansion and can be used to quote a closing brace or other spe-)-.15 F
.998(cial character \(this is part of POSIX interpretation 221\); in la\
-ter v)180 636 R .999(ersions, single quotes)-.15 F
-(are not special within double-quoted w)180 648 Q(ord e)-.1 E(xpansions)
--.15 E F1(compat43)108 664.8 Q F0<83>144 676.8 Q 1.071
-(the shell does not print a w)180 676.8 R 1.07
+ter v)180 144 R .999(ersions, single quotes)-.15 F
+(are not special within double-quoted w)180 156 Q(ord e)-.1 E(xpansions)
+-.15 E F1(compat43)108 172.8 Q F0<83>144 184.8 Q 1.071
+(the shell does not print a w)180 184.8 R 1.07
(arning message if an attempt is made to use a quoted com-)-.1 F .71
-(pound assignment as an ar)180 688.8 R .711
+(pound assignment as an ar)180 196.8 R .711
(gument to declare \(e.g., declare -a foo=\010\(1 2\)\010\). Later v)
--.18 F(ersions)-.15 E -.1(wa)180 700.8 S
-(rn that this usage is deprecated).1 E<83>144 712.8 Q -.1(wo)180 712.8 S
+-.18 F(ersions)-.15 E -.1(wa)180 208.8 S
+(rn that this usage is deprecated).1 E<83>144 220.8 Q -.1(wo)180 220.8 S
.501(rd e).1 F .501(xpansion errors are considered non-f)-.15 F .501
-(atal errors that cause the current command to)-.1 F -.1(fa)180 724.8 S
+(atal errors that cause the current command to)-.1 F -.1(fa)180 232.8 S
.605(il, e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.105(ni).15 G 3.105(np)-3.105 G .605
(osix mode \(the def)-3.105 F .605(ault beha)-.1 F .605(vior is to mak)
-.2 F 3.105(et)-.1 G .605(hem f)-3.105 F .605
-(atal errors that cause the)-.1 F(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)136.385
-E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E(26)185.545 E 0 Cg EP
-%%Page: 27 27
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61
-(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35
-E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(shell to e)180 84 Q(xit\))-.15 E<83>144 96
-Q .355(when e)180 96 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .354
+(atal errors that cause the)-.1 F(shell to e)180 244.8 Q(xit\))-.15 E
+<83>144 256.8 Q .355(when e)180 256.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .354
(cuting a shell function, the loop state \(while/until/etc.\)).15 F .354
-(is not reset, so)5.354 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(br)2.854 E(eak)-.18 E F0
-(or)2.854 E F1(continue)180 108 Q F0 .052
+(is not reset, so)5.354 F F1(br)2.854 E(eak)-.18 E F0(or)2.854 E F1
+(continue)180 268.8 Q F0 .052
(in that function will break or continue loops in the calling conte)
2.552 F .053(xt. Bash-4.4 and)-.15 F(later reset the loop state to pre)
-180 120 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt this).15 E F1(compat44)108 136.8 Q F0<83>144
-148.8 Q .719(the shell sets up the v)180 148.8 R .719(alues used by)-.25
-F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)3.219 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0(and)2.969 E F2
--.27(BA)3.219 G(SH_ARGC).27 E F0 .719(so the)2.969 F 3.218(yc)-.15 G
-.718(an e)-3.218 F(xpand)-.15 E(to the shell')180 160.8 Q 2.5(sp)-.55 G
+180 280.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt this).15 E F1(compat44)108 297.6 Q F0<83>
+144 309.6 Q .719(the shell sets up the v)180 309.6 R .719(alues used by)
+-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)3.219 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0(and)2.969 E
+F3 -.27(BA)3.219 G(SH_ARGC).27 E F0 .719(so the)2.969 F 3.218(yc)-.15 G
+.718(an e)-3.218 F(xpand)-.15 E(to the shell')180 321.6 Q 2.5(sp)-.55 G
(ositional parameters e)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fe)-2.5 G
-(xtended deb)-2.65 E(ugging mode is not enabled)-.2 E<83>144 172.8 Q
-2.634(as)180 172.8 S .134(ubshell inherits loops from its parent conte)
+(xtended deb)-2.65 E(ugging mode is not enabled)-.2 E<83>144 333.6 Q
+2.634(as)180 333.6 S .134(ubshell inherits loops from its parent conte)
-2.634 F .135(xt, so)-.15 F F1(br)2.635 E(eak)-.18 E F0(or)2.635 E F1
(continue)2.635 E F0 .135(will cause the sub-)2.635 F(shell to e)180
-184.8 Q 2.5(xit. Bash-5.0)-.15 F(and later reset the loop state to pre)
-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt the e).15 E(xit)-.15 E<83>144 196.8 Q -.25(va)
-180 196.8 S .619(riable assignments preceding b).25 F .618(uiltins lik)
+345.6 Q 2.5(xit. Bash-5.0)-.15 F(and later reset the loop state to pre)
+2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt the e).15 E(xit)-.15 E<83>144 357.6 Q -.25(va)
+180 357.6 S .619(riable assignments preceding b).25 F .618(uiltins lik)
-.2 F(e)-.1 E F1(export)3.118 E F0(and)3.118 E F1 -.18(re)3.118 G
(adonly).18 E F0 .618(that set attrib)3.118 F .618(utes con-)-.2 F .119
-(tinue to af)180 208.8 R .119(fect v)-.25 F .119
+(tinue to af)180 369.6 R .119(fect v)-.25 F .119
(ariables with the same name in the calling en)-.25 F .12(vironment e)
-.4 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.62(ni).15 G 2.62(ft)-2.62 G .12(he shell is)-2.62
-F(not in posix mode)180 220.8 Q F1(compat50)108 237.6 Q F0<83>144 249.6
-Q 1.209(Bash-5.1 changed the w)180 249.6 R(ay)-.1 E F2($RANDOM)3.709 E
+F(not in posix mode)180 381.6 Q F1(compat50)108 398.4 Q F0<83>144 410.4
+Q 1.209(Bash-5.1 changed the w)180 410.4 R(ay)-.1 E F3($RANDOM)3.709 E
F0 1.209(is generated to introduce slightly more random-)3.459 F 1.018
-(ness. If the shell compatibility le)180 261.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.518
+(ness. If the shell compatibility le)180 422.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.518
(li).15 G 3.518(ss)-3.518 G 1.018(et to 50 or lo)-3.518 F(wer)-.25 E
3.518(,i)-.4 G 3.518(tr)-3.518 G -2.15 -.25(ev e)-3.518 H 1.019
-(rts to the method from).25 F .733(bash-5.0 and pre)180 273.6 R .733
+(rts to the method from).25 F .733(bash-5.0 and pre)180 434.4 R .733
(vious v)-.25 F .732
(ersions, so seeding the random number generator by assigning a)-.15 F
--.25(va)180 285.6 S(lue to).25 E F2(RANDOM)2.5 E F0
-(will produce the same sequence as in bash-5.0)2.25 E<83>144 297.6 Q
-.695(If the command hash table is empty)180 297.6 R 3.196(,b)-.65 G .696
+-.25(va)180 446.4 S(lue to).25 E F3(RANDOM)2.5 E F0
+(will produce the same sequence as in bash-5.0)2.25 E<83>144 458.4 Q
+.695(If the command hash table is empty)180 458.4 R 3.196(,b)-.65 G .696
(ash v)-3.196 F .696(ersions prior to bash-5.1 printed an informa-)-.15
-F 1.321(tional message to that ef)180 309.6 R 1.321(fect, e)-.25 F -.15
+F 1.321(tional message to that ef)180 470.4 R 1.321(fect, e)-.25 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.821(nw).15 G 1.321
(hen producing output that can be reused as input.)-3.821 F
-(Bash-5.1 suppresses that message when the)180
321.6 Q F1<ad6c>2.5 E F0
-(option is supplied.)2.5 E F1(compat51)108 338.4 Q F0<83>144 350.4 Q
-(The)180 350.4 Q F1(unset)2.954 E F0 -.2(bu)2.954 G .454
+(Bash-5.1 suppresses that message when the)180
482.4 Q F1<ad6c>2.5 E F0
+(option is supplied.)2.5 E F1(compat51)108 499.2 Q F0<83>144 511.2 Q
+(The)180 511.2 Q F1(unset)2.954 E F0 -.2(bu)2.954 G .454
(iltin treats attempts to unset array subscripts).2 F F1(@)2.955 E F0
(and)2.955 E F1(*)2.955 E F0(dif)2.955 E .455(ferently depending)-.25 F
-(on whether the array is inde)180 362.4 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(do).15 G
+(on whether the array is inde)180 523.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(do).15 G
2.5(ra)-2.5 G(ssociati)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(,a).15 G(nd dif)-2.5 E
-(ferently than in pre)-.25 E(vious v)-.25 E(ersions.)-.15 E/F3 10.95
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 379.2 Q F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108 391.2 Q
-(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2021 No)136.385 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(mber 22).15 E
-(27)185.545 E 0 Cg EP
+(ferently than in pre)-.25 E(vious v)-.25 E(ersions.)-.15 E/F4 10.95
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 540 Q F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108 552 Q
+(GNU Bash 5.2)72 768 Q(2023 January 27)141.79 E(27)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
%%Trailer
end
%%EOF
projects / thirdparty / bash.git / commitdiff
