** exist on the table t1, a complete scan of the data might be
** avoided.
**
-** Flattening is only attempted if all of the following are true:
+** Flattening is subject to the following constraints:
**
-** (1) The subquery and the outer query do not both use aggregates.
+** (1) The subquery and the outer query cannot both be aggregates.
**
-** (2) The subquery is not an aggregate or (2a) the outer query is not a join
-** and (2b) the outer query does not use subqueries other than the one
-** FROM-clause subquery that is a candidate for flattening. (2b is
-** due to ticket [2f7170d73bf9abf80] from 2015-02-09.)
+** (2) If the subquery is an aggregate then
+** (2a) the outer query must not be a join and
+** (2b) the outer query must not use subqueries
+** other than the one FROM-clause subquery that is a candidate
+** for flattening. (This is due to ticket [2f7170d73bf9abf80]
+** from 2015-02-09.)
**
-** (3) The subquery is not the right operand of a LEFT JOIN
-** or (a) the subquery is not itself a join and (b) the FROM clause
-** of the subquery does not contain a virtual table and (c) the
-** outer query is not an aggregate.
+** (3) If the subquery is the right operand of a LEFT JOIN then
+** (3a) the subquery may not be a join and
+** (3b) the FROM clause of the subquery may not contain a virtual
+** table and
+** (3c) the outer query may not be an aggregate.
**
-** (4) The subquery is not DISTINCT.
+** (4) The subquery can not be DISTINCT.
**
** (**) At one point restrictions (4) and (5) defined a subset of DISTINCT
** sub-queries that were excluded from this optimization. Restriction
** (4) has since been expanded to exclude all DISTINCT subqueries.
**
-** (6) The subquery does not use aggregates or the outer query is not
-** DISTINCT.
+** (6) If the subquery is aggregate, the outer query may not be DISTINCT.
**
-** (7) The subquery has a FROM clause. TODO: For subqueries without
+** (7) The subquery must have a FROM clause. TODO: For subqueries without
** A FROM clause, consider adding a FROM clause with the special
** table sqlite_once that consists of a single row containing a
** single NULL.
**
-** (8) The subquery does not use LIMIT or the outer query is not a join.
+** (8) If the subquery uses LIMIT then the outer query may not be a join.
**
-** (9) The subquery does not use LIMIT or the outer query does not use
-** aggregates.
+** (9) If the subquery uses LIMIT then the outer query may not be aggregate.
**
** (**) Restriction (10) was removed from the code on 2005-02-05 but we
** accidently carried the comment forward until 2014-09-15. Original
-** text: "The subquery does not use aggregates or the outer query
-** does not use LIMIT."
+** constraint: "If the subquery is aggregate then the outer query
+** may not use LIMIT."
**
-** (11) The subquery and the outer query do not both have ORDER BY clauses.
+** (11) The subquery and the outer query may not both have ORDER BY clauses.
**
** (**) Not implemented. Subsumed into restriction (3). Was previously
** a separate restriction deriving from ticket #350.
**
-** (13) The subquery and outer query do not both use LIMIT.
+** (13) The subquery and outer query may not both use LIMIT.
**
-** (14) The subquery does not use OFFSET.
+** (14) The subquery may not use OFFSET.
**
-** (15) The outer query is not part of a compound select or the
-** subquery does not have a LIMIT clause.
+** (15) If the outer query is part of a compound select, then the
+** subquery may not use LIMIT.
** (See ticket #2339 and ticket [02a8e81d44]).
**
-** (16) The outer query is not an aggregate or the subquery does
-** not contain ORDER BY. (Ticket #2942) This used to not matter
+** (16) If the outer query is aggregate, then the subquery may not
+** use ORDER BY. (Ticket #2942) This used to not matter
** until we introduced the group_concat() function.
**
-** (17) The sub-query is not a compound select, or it is a UNION ALL
-** compound clause made up entirely of non-aggregate queries, and
-** the parent query:
-**
-** * is not itself part of a compound select,
-** * is not an aggregate or DISTINCT query, and
-** * is not a join
+** (17) If the subquery is a compound select, then
+** (17a) all compound operators must be a UNION ALL, and
+** (17b) no terms within the subquery compound may be aggregate
+** or DISTINT, and
+** (17c) every term within the subquery compound must have a FROM clause
+** (17d) the outer query may not be
+** (17d1) aggregate, or
+** (17d2) DISTINCT, or
+** (17d3) a join.
**
** The parent and sub-query may contain WHERE clauses. Subject to
** rules (11), (13) and (14), they may also contain ORDER BY,
** syntax error and return a detailed message.
**
** (18) If the sub-query is a compound select, then all terms of the
-** ORDER by clause of the parent must be simple references to
+** ORDER BY clause of the parent must be simple references to
** columns of the sub-query.
**
-** (19) The subquery does not use LIMIT or the outer query does not
+** (19) If the subquery uses LIMIT then the outer query may not
** have a WHERE clause.
**
** (20) If the sub-query is a compound select, then it must not use
** appear as unmodified result columns in the outer query. But we
** have other optimizations in mind to deal with that case.
**
-** (21) The subquery does not use LIMIT or the outer query is not
+** (21) If the subquery uses LIMIT then the outer query may not be
** DISTINCT. (See ticket [752e1646fc]).
**
-** (22) The subquery is not a recursive CTE.
+** (22) The subquery may not be a recursive CTE.
**
-** (23) The parent is not a recursive CTE, or the sub-query is not a
-** compound query. This restriction is because transforming the
+** (23) If the outer query is a recursive CTE, then the sub-query may not be
+** a compound query. This restriction is because transforming the
** parent to a compound query confuses the code that handles
** recursive queries in multiSelect().
**
-** (24) The subquery is not an aggregate that uses the built-in min() or
+** (24) The subquery may not be an aggregate that uses the built-in min() or
** or max() functions. (Without this restriction, a query like:
** "SELECT x FROM (SELECT max(y), x FROM t1)" would not necessarily
** return the value X for which Y was maximal.)
/* Check to see if flattening is permitted. Return 0 if not.
*/
assert( p!=0 );
- assert( p->pPrior==0 ); /* Unable to flatten compound queries */
+ assert( p->pPrior==0 );
if( OptimizationDisabled(db, SQLITE_QueryFlattener) ) return 0;
pSrc = p->pSrc;
assert( pSrc && iFrom>=0 && iFrom<pSrc->nSrc );
return 0; /* Restriction (15) */
}
if( pSubSrc->nSrc==0 ) return 0; /* Restriction (7) */
- if( pSub->selFlags & SF_Distinct ) return 0; /* Restriction (5) */
+ if( pSub->selFlags & SF_Distinct ) return 0; /* Restriction (4) */
if( pSub->pLimit && (pSrc->nSrc>1 || isAgg) ){
return 0; /* Restrictions (8)(9) */
}
/*
** If the subquery is the right operand of a LEFT JOIN, then the
- ** subquery may not be a join itself. Example of why this is not allowed:
+ ** subquery may not be a join itself (3a). Example of why this is not
+ ** allowed:
**
** t1 LEFT OUTER JOIN (t2 JOIN t3)
**
** which is not at all the same thing.
**
** If the subquery is the right operand of a LEFT JOIN, then the outer
- ** query cannot be an aggregate. This is an artifact of the way aggregates
- ** are processed - there is no mechanism to determine if the LEFT JOIN
- ** table should be all-NULL.
+ ** query cannot be an aggregate. (3c) This is an artifact of the way
+ ** aggregates are processed - there is no mechanism to determine if
+ ** the LEFT JOIN table should be all-NULL.
**
** See also tickets #306, #350, and #3300.
*/
if( (pSubitem->fg.jointype & JT_OUTER)!=0 ){
isLeftJoin = 1;
if( pSubSrc->nSrc>1 || isAgg || IsVirtual(pSubSrc->a[0].pTab) ){
- return 0; /* Restriction (3) */
+ /* (3a) (3c) (3b) */
+ return 0;
}
}
#ifdef SQLITE_EXTRA_IFNULLROW
}
#endif
- /* Restriction 17: If the sub-query is a compound SELECT, then it must
+ /* Restriction (17): If the sub-query is a compound SELECT, then it must
** use only the UNION ALL operator. And none of the simple select queries
** that make up the compound SELECT are allowed to be aggregate or distinct
** queries.
*/
if( pSub->pPrior ){
if( pSub->pOrderBy ){
- return 0; /* Restriction 20 */
+ return 0; /* Restriction (20) */
}
if( isAgg || (p->selFlags & SF_Distinct)!=0 || pSrc->nSrc!=1 ){
- return 0;
+ return 0; /* (17d1), (17d2), or (17d3) */
}
for(pSub1=pSub; pSub1; pSub1=pSub1->pPrior){
testcase( (pSub1->selFlags & (SF_Distinct|SF_Aggregate))==SF_Distinct );
testcase( (pSub1->selFlags & (SF_Distinct|SF_Aggregate))==SF_Aggregate );
assert( pSub->pSrc!=0 );
assert( pSub->pEList->nExpr==pSub1->pEList->nExpr );
- if( (pSub1->selFlags & (SF_Distinct|SF_Aggregate))!=0
- || (pSub1->pPrior && pSub1->op!=TK_ALL)
- || pSub1->pSrc->nSrc<1
+ if( (pSub1->selFlags & (SF_Distinct|SF_Aggregate))!=0 /* (17b) */
+ || (pSub1->pPrior && pSub1->op!=TK_ALL) /* (17a) */
+ || pSub1->pSrc->nSrc<1 /* (17c) */
){
return 0;
}
testcase( pSub1->pSrc->nSrc>1 );
}
- /* Restriction 18. */
+ /* Restriction (18). */
if( p->pOrderBy ){
int ii;
for(ii=0; ii<p->pOrderBy->nExpr; ii++){
projects / thirdparty / sqlite.git / commitdiff
