1003.1). B\bBa\bas\bsh\bh can be configured to be POSIX-conformant by default.
O\bOP\bPT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS
- All of the single-character shell options documented in the descrip-
- tion of the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command can be used as options when the shell
- is invoked. In addition, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh interprets the following options when it
- is invoked:
+ All of the single-character shell options documented in the description
+ of the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command can be used as options when the shell is
+ invoked. In addition, b\bba\bas\bsh\bh interprets the following options when it is
+ invoked:
-\b-c\bc If the -\b-c\bc option is present, then commands are read from the
first non-option argument _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd_\b__\bs_\bt_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg. If there are argu-
The shell becomes restricted (see R\bRE\bES\bST\bTR\bRI\bIC\bCT\bTE\bED\bD S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL below).
-\b--\b-v\bve\ber\brb\bbo\bos\bse\be
- Equivalent to -\b-v\bv.
+ Equivalent to -\b-v\bv.
-\b--\b-v\bve\ber\brs\bsi\bio\bon\bn
Show version information for this instance of b\bba\bas\bsh\bh on the stan-
each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn in turn, using the same matching rules as for path-
name expansion (see P\bPa\bat\bth\bhn\bna\bam\bme\be E\bEx\bxp\bpa\ban\bns\bsi\bio\bon\bn below). The _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd is
expanded using tilde expansion, parameter and variable expan-
- sion, arithmetic substitution, command substitution, process
- substitution and quote removal. Each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn examined is
- expanded using tilde expansion, parameter and variable expan-
- sion, arithmetic substitution, command substitution, and process
- substitution. If the shell option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh is enabled, the
- match is performed without regard to the case of alphabetic
- characters. When a match is found, the corresponding _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is
- executed. If the ;\b;;\b; operator is used, no subsequent matches are
- attempted after the first pattern match. Using ;\b;&\b& in place of
- ;\b;;\b; causes execution to continue with the _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt associated with
- the next set of patterns. Using ;\b;;\b;&\b& in place of ;\b;;\b; causes the
- shell to test the next pattern list in the statement, if any,
- and execute any associated _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt on a successful match. The exit
- status is zero if no pattern matches. Otherwise, it is the exit
- status of the last command executed in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt.
+ sion, arithmetic expansion, command substitution, process sub-
+ stitution and quote removal. Each _\bp_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\bn examined is expanded
+ using tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion, arith-
+ metic expansion, command substitution, and process substitution.
+ If the shell option n\bno\boc\bca\bas\bse\bem\bma\bat\btc\bch\bh is enabled, the match is per-
+ formed without regard to the case of alphabetic characters.
+ When a match is found, the corresponding _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed. If
+ the ;\b;;\b; operator is used, no subsequent matches are attempted
+ after the first pattern match. Using ;\b;&\b& in place of ;\b;;\b; causes
+ execution to continue with the _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt associated with the next set
+ of patterns. Using ;\b;;\b;&\b& in place of ;\b;;\b; causes the shell to test
+ the next pattern list in the statement, if any, and execute any
+ associated _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt on a successful match. The exit status is zero
+ if no pattern matches. Otherwise, it is the exit status of the
+ last command executed in _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt.
i\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; t\bth\bhe\ben\bn _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; [ e\bel\bli\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; t\bth\bhe\ben\bn _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; ] ... [ e\bel\bls\bse\be _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt; ] f\bfi\bi
The i\bif\bf _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt is executed. If its exit status is zero, the t\bth\bhe\ben\bn
and l\blo\boc\bca\bal\bl below) to create a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf, or a reference to another vari-
able. This allows variables to be manipulated indirectly. Whenever
the nameref variable is referenced, assigned to, unset, or has its
- attributes modified (other than the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf_\bP _\ba_\bt_\bt_\br_\bi_\bb_\bu_\bt_\be _\bi_\bt_\bs_\be_\bl_\bf_\b)_\b, _\bt_\bh_\be
- _\bo_\bp_\be_\br_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bi_\bs _\ba_\bc_\bt_\bu_\ba_\bl_\bl_\by _\bp_\be_\br_\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\be_\bd _\bo_\bn _\bt_\bh_\be _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be _\bs_\bp_\be_\bc_\bi_\bf_\bi_\be_\bd _\bb_\by _\bt_\bh_\be
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be_\b'_\bs _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be_\b. _\bA _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf _\bi_\bs _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\bo_\bn_\bl_\by _\bu_\bs_\be_\bd _\bw_\bi_\bt_\bh_\bi_\bn _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl
- _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\bs _\bt_\bo _\br_\be_\bf_\be_\br _\bt_\bo _\ba _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be _\bw_\bh_\bo_\bs_\be _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\bi_\bs _\bp_\ba_\bs_\bs_\be_\bd _\ba_\bs _\ba_\bn _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt _\bt_\bo
- _\bt_\bh_\be _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b. _\bF_\bo_\br _\bi_\bn_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bn_\bc_\be_\b, _\bi_\bf _\ba _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\bi_\bs _\bp_\ba_\bs_\bs_\be_\bd _\bt_\bo _\ba _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl
- _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\ba_\bs _\bi_\bt_\bs _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\b, _\br_\bu_\bn_\bn_\bi_\bn_\bg
- _\bd_\be_\bc_\bl_\ba_\br_\be _\b-_\bn _\br_\be_\bf_\b=_\b$_\b1
- _\bi_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bd_\be _\bt_\bh_\be _\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bc_\br_\be_\ba_\bt_\be_\bs _\ba _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be r\bre\bef\bf _\bw_\bh_\bo_\bs_\be _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be _\bi_\bs _\bt_\bh_\be
- _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\bp_\ba_\bs_\bs_\be_\bd _\ba_\bs _\bt_\bh_\be _\bf_\bi_\br_\bs_\bt _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\b. _\bR_\be_\bf_\be_\br_\be_\bn_\bc_\be_\bs _\ba_\bn_\bd _\ba_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs
- _\bt_\bo r\bre\bef\bf_\b, _\ba_\bn_\bd _\bc_\bh_\ba_\bn_\bg_\be_\bs _\bt_\bo _\bi_\bt_\bs _\ba_\bt_\bt_\br_\bi_\bb_\bu_\bt_\be_\bs_\b, _\ba_\br_\be _\bt_\br_\be_\ba_\bt_\be_\bd _\ba_\bs _\br_\be_\bf_\be_\br_\be_\bn_\bc_\be_\bs_\b,
- _\ba_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bg_\bn_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs_\b, _\ba_\bn_\bd _\ba_\bt_\bt_\br_\bi_\bb_\bu_\bt_\be _\bm_\bo_\bd_\bi_\bf_\bi_\bc_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\bs _\bt_\bo _\bt_\bh_\be _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be _\bw_\bh_\bo_\bs_\be _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\bw_\ba_\bs
- _\bp_\ba_\bs_\bs_\be_\bd _\ba_\bs $\b$1\b1_\b. _\bI_\bf _\bt_\bh_\be _\bc_\bo_\bn_\bt_\br_\bo_\bl _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be _\bi_\bn _\ba f\bfo\bor\br _\bl_\bo_\bo_\bp _\bh_\ba_\bs _\bt_\bh_\be _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf
- _\ba_\bt_\bt_\br_\bi_\bb_\bu_\bt_\be_\b, _\bt_\bh_\be _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt _\bo_\bf _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd_\bs _\bc_\ba_\bn _\bb_\be _\ba _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt _\bo_\bf _\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be_\bs_\b, _\ba_\bn_\bd _\ba
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\br_\be_\bf_\be_\br_\be_\bn_\bc_\be _\bw_\bi_\bl_\bl _\bb_\be _\be_\bs_\bt_\ba_\bb_\bl_\bi_\bs_\bh_\be_\bd _\bf_\bo_\br _\be_\ba_\bc_\bh _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd _\bi_\bn _\bt_\bh_\be _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt_\b, _\bi_\bn _\bt_\bu_\br_\bn_\b,
- _\bw_\bh_\be_\bn _\bt_\bh_\be _\bl_\bo_\bo_\bp _\bi_\bs _\be_\bx_\be_\bc_\bu_\bt_\be_\bd_\b. _\bA_\br_\br_\ba_\by _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be_\bs _\bc_\ba_\bn_\bn_\bo_\bt _\bb_\be _\bg_\bi_\bv_\be_\bn _\bt_\bh_\be 0\b0m\bme\ber\bre\bef\bf
- _\ba_\bt_\bt_\br_\bi_\bb_\bu_\bt_\be_\b. _\bH_\bo_\bw_\be_\bv_\be_\br_\b, _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be_\bs _\bc_\ba_\bn _\br_\be_\bf_\be_\br_\be_\bn_\bc_\be _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be_\bs
- _\ba_\bn_\bd _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt_\be_\bd _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be_\bs_\b. _\bN_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf_\bs _\bc_\ba_\bn _\bb_\be _\bu_\bn_\bs_\be_\bt _\bu_\bs_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bt_\bh_\be -\b-n\bn
- _\bo_\bp_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bt_\bo _\bt_\bh_\be u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt _\bb_\bu_\bi_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bn_\b. _\bO_\bt_\bh_\be_\br_\bw_\bi_\bs_\be_\b, _\bi_\bf u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt _\bi_\bs _\be_\bx_\be_\bc_\bu_\bt_\be_\bd _\bw_\bi_\bt_\bh _\bt_\bh_\be
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be _\bo_\bf _\ba _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be _\ba_\bs _\ba_\bn _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\b, _\bt_\bh_\be _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be _\br_\be_\bf_\be_\br_\be_\bn_\bc_\be_\bd _\bb_\by
- _\bt_\bh_\be _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf _\bv_\ba_\br_\bi_\ba_\bb_\bl_\be _\bw_\bi_\bl_\bl _\bb_\be _\bu_\bn_\bs_\be_\bt_\b.
+ attributes modified (other than the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf attribute itself), the
+ operation is actually performed on the variable specified by the
+ nameref variable's value. A nameref is commonly used within shell
+ functions to refer to a variable whose name is passed as an argument to
+ the function. For instance, if a variable name is passed to a shell
+ function as its first argument, running
+ declare -n ref=$1
+ inside the function creates a nameref variable r\bre\bef\bf whose value is the
+ variable name passed as the first argument. References and assignments
+ to r\bre\bef\bf, and changes to its attributes, are treated as references,
+ assignments, and attribute modifications to the variable whose name was
+ passed as $\b$1\b1. If the control variable in a f\bfo\bor\br loop has the nameref
+ attribute, the list of words can be a list of shell variables, and a
+ name reference will be established for each word in the list, in turn,
+ when the loop is executed. Array variables cannot be given the 0\b0m\bme\ber\bre\bef\bf
+ attribute. However, nameref variables can reference array variables
+ and subscripted array variables. Namerefs can be unset using the -\b-n\bn
+ option to the u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt builtin. Otherwise, if u\bun\bns\bse\bet\bt is executed with the
+ name of a nameref variable as an argument, the variable referenced by
+ the nameref variable will be unset.
P\bPo\bos\bsi\bit\bti\bio\bon\bna\bal\bl P\bPa\bar\bra\bam\bme\bet\bte\ber\brs\bs
A _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\ba_\bl _\bp_\ba_\br_\ba_\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br is a parameter denoted by one or more digits,
explicitly declare an array. There is no maximum limit on the size of
an array, nor any requirement that members be indexed or assigned con-
tiguously. Indexed arrays are referenced using integers (including
- arithmetic expressions) and are zero-based; associative arrays are
- referenced using arbitrary strings. Unless otherwise noted, indexed
- array indices must be non-negative integers.
+ arithmetic expressions) and are zero-based; associative arrays are ref-
+ erenced using arbitrary strings. Unless otherwise noted, indexed array
+ indices must be non-negative integers.
An indexed array is created automatically if any variable is assigned
to using the syntax _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[_\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt]=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be. The _\bs_\bu_\bb_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt is treated as
tion while the function is executing.
All other aspects of the shell execution environment are identical
- between a function and its caller with these exceptions: the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and
+ between a function and its caller with these exceptions: the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and
R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps (see the description of the t\btr\bra\bap\bp builtin under S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL
B\bBU\bUI\bIL\bLT\bTI\bIN\bN C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bDS\bS below) are not inherited unless the function has been
given the t\btr\bra\bac\bce\be attribute (see the description of the d\bde\bec\bcl\bla\bar\bre\be builtin
_\bw_\ba_\bi_\bt_\bp_\bi_\bd system call or equivalent function. Exit statuses fall between
0 and 255, though, as explained below, the shell may use values above
125 specially. Exit statuses from shell builtins and compound commands
- are also limited to this range. Under certain circumstances, the shell
+ are also limited to this range. Under certain circumstances, the shell
will use special values to indicate specific failure modes.
For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a zero exit status
R\bRe\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be K\bKe\bey\by B\bBi\bin\bnd\bdi\bin\bng\bgs\bs
The syntax for controlling key bindings in the _\bi_\bn_\bp_\bu_\bt_\br_\bc file is simple.
All that is required is the name of the command or the text of a macro
- and a key sequence to which it should be bound. The name may be speci-
+ and a key sequence to which it should be bound. The name may be speci-
fied in one of two ways: as a symbolic key name, possibly with _\bM_\be_\bt_\ba_\b- or
_\bC_\bo_\bn_\bt_\br_\bo_\bl_\b- prefixes, or as a key sequence.
Without a numeric argument, the value of the readline c\bco\bom\bm-\b-
m\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn variable is inserted at the beginning of the current
line. If a numeric argument is supplied, this command acts as a
- toggle: if the characters at the beginning of the line do not
+ toggle: if the characters at the beginning of the line do not
match the value of c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn, the value is inserted, other-
wise the characters in c\bco\bom\bmm\bme\ben\bnt\bt-\b-b\bbe\beg\bgi\bin\bn are deleted from the begin-
ning of the line. In either case, the line is accepted as if a
A\bAl\bli\bia\bas\bs with no arguments or with the -\b-p\bp option prints the list of
aliases in the form a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be on standard output. When
arguments are supplied, an alias is defined for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be whose
- _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is given. A trailing space in _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be causes the next word
+ _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is given. A trailing space in _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be causes the next word
to be checked for alias substitution when the alias is expanded.
For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be in the argument list for which no _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is sup-
plied, the name and value of the alias is printed. A\bAl\bli\bia\bas\bs
directory names in C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are separated by a colon (:). A null
directory name in C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is the same as the current directory,
i.e., ``.\b.''. If _\bd_\bi_\br begins with a slash (/), then C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not
- used. The -\b-P\bP option causes c\bcd\bd to use the physical directory
+ used. The -\b-P\bP option causes c\bcd\bd to use the physical directory
structure by resolving symbolic links while traversing _\bd_\bi_\br and
before processing instances of _\b._\b. in _\bd_\bi_\br (see also the -\b-P\bP option
to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command); the -\b-L\bL option forces symbolic links
is effective only when job control is enabled.
-\b-e\be Exit immediately if a _\bp_\bi_\bp_\be_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be (which may consist of a
single _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd), a _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt, or a _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd
- (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR above), exits with a non-zero sta-
- tus. The shell does not exit if the command that fails
- is part of the command list immediately following a
- w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword, part of the test following the
- i\bif\bf or e\bel\bli\bif\bf reserved words, part of any command executed
- in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list except the command following the
- final &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b|, any command in a pipeline but the last,
- or if the command's return value is being inverted with
- !\b!. If a compound command other than a subshell returns
- a non-zero status because a command failed while -\b-e\be was
- being ignored, the shell does not exit. A trap on E\bER\bRR\bR,
- if set, is executed before the shell exits. This option
+ (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR above), exits with a non-zero status.
+ The shell does not exit if the command that fails is
+ part of the command list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be
+ or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword, part of the test following the i\bif\bf or
+ e\bel\bli\bif\bf reserved words, part of any command executed in a
+ &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list except the command following the final &\b&&\b&
+ or |\b||\b|, any command in a pipeline but the last, or if the
+ command's return value is being inverted with !\b!. If a
+ compound command other than a subshell returns a non-
+ zero status because a command failed while -\b-e\be was being
+ ignored, the shell does not exit. A trap on E\bER\bRR\bR, if
+ set, is executed before the shell exits. This option
applies to the shell environment and each subshell envi-
ronment separately (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT
above), and may cause subshells to exit before executing
simulates a call to r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn.
4\b4.\b. B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV are updated as described
in their descriptions above.
- 5\b5.\b. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu-
+ 5\b5.\b. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu-
tion, shell functions, and subshells invoked with
(\b( _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps.
6\b6.\b. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution,
.B Bash
can be configured to be POSIX-conformant by default.
.SH OPTIONS
-All of the single-character shell options documented in the
+All of the single-character shell options documented in the
description of the \fBset\fR builtin command can be used as options
when the shell is invoked.
In addition, \fBbash\fR
below).
.TP
.B \-\-verbose
-Equivalent to \fB\-v\fP.
+Equivalent to \fB\-v\fP.
.TP
.B \-\-version
Show version information for this instance of
be the name of a file containing shell commands.
If
.B bash
-is invoked in this fashion,
+is invoked in this fashion,
.B $0
is set to the name of the file, and the positional parameters
are set to the remaining arguments.
.SH INVOCATION
A \fIlogin shell\fP is one whose first character of argument zero is a
.BR \- ,
-or one started with the
+or one started with the
.B \-\-login
option.
.PP
document.
.PD 0
.TP
-.B blank
+.B blank
A space or tab.
.TP
.B word
.BR token .
.TP
.B name
-A
+A
.I word
consisting only of alphanumeric characters and underscores, and
beginning with an alphabetic character or an underscore. Also
the first word of a simple command (see
.SM
.B SHELL GRAMMAR
-below) or the third word of a
-.B case
+below) or the third word of a
+.B case
or
.B for
command:
An additional binary operator, \fB=~\fP, is available, with the same
precedence as \fB==\fP and \fB!=\fP.
When it is used, the string to the right of the operator is considered
-an extended regular expression and matched accordingly (as in \fIregex\fP(3)).
+an extended regular expression and matched accordingly (as in \fIregex\fP(3)).
The return value is 0 if the string matches
the pattern, and 1 otherwise.
If the regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional
[ \fBelif\fP \fIlist\fP; \fBthen\fP \fIlist\fP; ] ... \
[ \fBelse\fP \fIlist\fP; ] \fBfi\fP
The
-.B if
+.B if
.I list
is executed. If its exit status is zero, the
\fBthen\fP \fIlist\fP is executed. Otherwise, each \fBelif\fP
The reserved word \fBfunction\fP is optional.
If the \fBfunction\fP reserved word is supplied, the parentheses are optional.
The \fIbody\fP of the function is the compound command
-.I compound\-command
+.I compound\-command
(see \fBCompound Commands\fP above).
That command is usually a \fIlist\fP of commands between { and }, but
may be any command listed under \fBCompound Commands\fP above,
option is on by default in interactive shells.
.SH QUOTING
\fIQuoting\fP is used to remove the special meaning of certain
-characters or words to the shell. Quoting can be used to
+characters or words to the shell. Quoting can be used to
disable special treatment for special characters, to prevent
reserved words from being recognized as such, and to prevent
parameter expansion.
.TP
.B \eE
an escape character
-.TP
+.TP
.B \ef
form feed
-.TP
+.TP
.B \en
new line
-.TP
+.TP
.B \er
carriage return
.TP
.B \et
horizontal tab
-.TP
+.TP
.B \ev
vertical tab
.TP
.TP
.B \e\(dq
double quote
-.TP
+.TP
.B \e\fInnn\fP
the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value \fInnn\fP
(one to three digits)
In contexts where it is performed, those words
are subject to further word splitting and pathname expansion.
When the expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a single word
-with the value of each parameter separated by the first character
-of the
+with the value of each parameter separated by the first character of the
.SM
.B IFS
special variable. That is, "\fB$*\fP" is equivalent
the first parameter is joined with the beginning part of the original
word, and the expansion of the last parameter is joined with the last
part of the original word.
-When there are no positional parameters, "\fB$@\fP" and
+When there are no positional parameters, "\fB$@\fP" and
.B $@
expand to nothing (i.e., they are removed).
.TP
.B GROUPS
An array variable containing the list of groups of which the current
user is a member.
-Assignments to
+Assignments to
.SM
.B GROUPS
have no effect and return an error status.
.B SECONDS
Each time this parameter is
referenced, the number of seconds since shell invocation is returned. If a
-value is assigned to
+value is assigned to
.SM
.BR SECONDS ,
the value returned upon subsequent
lines which begin with a
.B space
character are not saved in the history list.
-A value of
+A value of
.I ignoredups
causes lines matching the previous history entry to not be saved.
A value of
greater than or equal to zero, the shell disables mail checking.
.TP
.B MAILPATH
-A colon-separated list of filenames to be checked for mail.
+A colon-separated list of filenames to be checked for mail.
The message to be printed when mail arrives in a particular file
may be specified by separating the filename from the message with a `?'.
When used in the text of the message, \fB$_\fP expands to the name of
-the current mailfile.
+the current mailfile.
Example:
.RS
.PP
limit on the size of an array, nor any requirement that members
be indexed or assigned contiguously.
Indexed arrays are referenced using integers (including arithmetic
-expressions) and are zero-based; associative arrays are referenced
+expressions) and are zero-based; associative arrays are referenced
using arbitrary strings.
Unless otherwise noted, indexed array indices must be non-negative integers.
.PP
If the
.I subscript
used to reference an element of an indexed array
-evaluates to a number less than zero, it is
+evaluates to a number less than zero, it is
interpreted as relative to one greater than the maximum index of the array,
so negative indices count back from the end of the
array, and an index of \-1 references the last element.
option to specify an indexed array and a
.B \-A
option to specify an associative array.
-If both options are supplied,
+If both options are supplied,
.B \-A
takes precedence.
The
is desired, start
.B bash
with the
-.B +B
+.B +B
option or disable brace expansion with the
.B +B
option to the
Substring expansion applied to an associative array produces undefined
results.
.sp 1
-Substring indexing is zero-based unless the positional parameters
+Substring indexing is zero-based unless the positional parameters
are used, in which case the indexing starts at 1 by default.
If \fIoffset\fP is 0, and the positional parameters are used, \fB$0\fP is
prefixed to the list.
.I parameter
is
.B *
-or
+or
.BR @ ,
the value substituted is the number of positional parameters.
If
${\fIparameter\fP\fB##\fP\fIword\fP}
.PD
\fBRemove matching prefix pattern\fP.
-The
+The
.I word
is expanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname
expansion. If the pattern matches the beginning of
argument should be read to obtain the output of \fIlist\fP.
.PP
When available, process substitution is performed
-simultaneously with parameter and variable expansion,
+simultaneously with parameter and variable expansion,
command substitution,
and arithmetic expansion.
.SS Word Splitting
and the shell option
.B nullglob
is not enabled, the word is left unchanged.
-If the
+If the
.B nullglob
option is set, and no matches are found,
the word is removed.
or enable the
.B globasciiranges
shell option.
-A
+A
.B \-
may be matched by including it as the first or last character
in the set.
.if n .sp 1
Within
.B [
-and
+and
.BR ] ,
an \fIequivalence class\fP can be specified using the syntax
\fB[=\fP\fIc\fP\fB=]\fP, which matches all characters with the
.if n .sp 1
Within
.B [
-and
+and
.BR ] ,
the syntax \fB[.\fP\fIsymbol\fP\fB.]\fP matches the collating symbol
\fIsymbol\fP.
.B bash
reports an error.
.PP
-Note that the order of redirections is significant. For example,
+Note that the order of redirections is significant. For example,
the command
.RS
.PP
ls \fB>\fP dirlist 2\fB>&\fP1
.RE
.PP
-directs both standard output and standard error to the file
+directs both standard output and standard error to the file
.IR dirlist ,
while the command
.RS
.PP
All other aspects of the shell execution
environment are identical between a function and its caller
-with these exceptions: the
+with these exceptions: the
.SM
.B DEBUG
and
the remainder of the first line specifies an interpreter
for the program. The shell executes the
specified interpreter on operating systems that do not
-handle this executable format themselves. The arguments to the
+handle this executable format themselves. The arguments to the
interpreter consist of a single optional argument following the
interpreter name on the first line of the program, followed
by the name of the program, followed by the command
shell's parent, and traps ignored by the shell are ignored
.PP
A command invoked in this separate environment cannot affect the
-shell's execution environment.
+shell's execution environment.
.PP
Command substitution, commands grouped with parentheses,
and asynchronous commands are invoked in a
When a program is invoked it is given an array of strings
called the
.IR environment .
-This is a list of
+This is a list of
\fIname\fP\-\fIvalue\fP pairs, of the form
.IR "name\fR=\fPvalue" .
.PP
These assignment statements affect only the environment seen
by that command.
.PP
-If the
+If the
.B \-k
option is set (see the
.B set
\fIwaitpid\fP system call or equivalent function. Exit statuses
fall between 0 and 255, though, as explained below, the shell may
use values above 125 specially. Exit statuses from shell builtins and
-compound commands are also limited to this range. Under certain
+compound commands are also limited to this range. Under certain
circumstances, the shell will use special values to indicate specific
failure modes.
.PP
-For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a
+For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a
zero exit status has succeeded. An exit status of zero
indicates success. A non-zero exit status indicates failure.
When a command terminates on a fatal signal \fIN\fP, \fBbash\fP uses
.PP
Shell builtin commands return a status of 0 (\fItrue\fP) if
successful, and non-zero (\fIfalse\fP) if an error occurs
-while they execute.
+while they execute.
All builtins return an exit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage,
generally invalid options or missing arguments.
.PP
.BR SIGHUP .
To prevent the shell from
sending the signal to a particular job, it should be removed from the
-jobs table with the
+jobs table with the
.B disown
builtin (see
.SM
.B "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS"
-below) or marked
+below) or marked
to not receive
.SM
.B SIGHUP
shell option has been set with
.BR shopt ,
.B bash
-sends a
+sends a
.SM
.B SIGHUP
to all jobs when an interactive login shell exits.
.PP
If \fBbash\fP is waiting for a command to complete and receives a signal
for which a trap has been set, the trap will not be executed until
-the command completes.
+the command completes.
When \fBbash\fP is waiting for an asynchronous command via the \fBwait\fP
builtin, the reception of a signal for which a trap has been set will
cause the \fBwait\fP builtin to return immediately with an exit status
terminal.
Background processes which attempt to read from (write to when
\f(CWstty tostop\fP is in effect) the
-terminal are sent a
+terminal are sent a
.SM
.B SIGTTIN (SIGTTOU)
signal by the kernel's terminal driver,
character (typically
.BR ^Z ,
Control-Z) while a process is running
-causes that process to be stopped and returns control to
+causes that process to be stopped and returns control to
.BR bash .
Typing the
.I "delayed suspend"
.IR "current job" ,
which is the last job stopped while it was in
the foreground or started in the background.
-The
+The
.I "previous job"
may be referenced using
.BR %\- .
.B bash
waits until it is about to print a prompt before reporting
changes in a job's status so as to not interrupt
-any other output. If the
+any other output. If the
.B \-b
option to the
.B set
jobs and their statuses.
The
.B jobs
-command may then be used to inspect their status.
+command may then be used to inspect their status.
If a second attempt to exit is made without an intervening command,
the shell does not print another warning, and any stopped
jobs are terminated.
.SH PROMPTING
-When executing interactively,
+When executing interactively,
.B bash
displays the primary prompt
.SM
.PP
In this section, the Emacs-style notation is used to denote
keystrokes. Control keys are denoted by C\-\fIkey\fR, e.g., C\-n
-means Control\-N. Similarly,
+means Control\-N. Similarly,
.I meta
keys are denoted by M\-\fIkey\fR, so M\-x means Meta\-X. (On keyboards
-without a
+without a
.I meta
key, M\-\fIx\fP means ESC \fIx\fP, i.e., press the Escape key
then the
Sometimes, however, it is the sign of the argument that is significant.
Passing a negative argument to a command that acts in the forward
direction (e.g., \fBkill\-line\fP) causes that command to act in a
-backward direction.
+backward direction.
Commands whose behavior with arguments deviates from this are noted
below.
.PP
deleted is saved for possible future retrieval
(\fIyanking\fP). The killed text is saved in a
\fIkill ring\fP. Consecutive kills cause the text to be
-accumulated into one unit, which can be yanked all at once.
+accumulated into one unit, which can be yanked all at once.
Commands which do not kill text separate the chunks of text
on the kill ring.
.SS "Readline Initialization"
Other lines denote key bindings and variable settings.
.PP
The default key-bindings may be changed with an
-.I inputrc
+.I inputrc
file.
Other programs that use this library may add their own commands
and bindings.
.RS
C\-Meta\-u: universal\-argument
.RE
-into the
+into the
.I inputrc
would make M\-C\-u execute the readline command
.IR universal\-argument .
.I inputrc
file is simple. All that is required is the name of the
command or the text of a macro and a key sequence to which
-it should be bound. The name may be specified in one of two ways:
+it should be bound. The name may be specified in one of two ways:
as a symbolic key name, possibly with \fIMeta\-\fP or \fIControl\-\fP
prefixes, or as a key sequence.
.PP
.I "C\-x C\-r"
is bound to the function
.BR re\-read\-init\-file ,
-and
+and
.I "ESC [ 1 1 ~"
is bound to insert the text
.if t \f(CWFunction Key 1\fP.
.TP
.B colored\-stats (Off)
If set to \fBOn\fP, readline displays possible completions using different
-colors to indicate their file type.
+colors to indicate their file type.
The color definitions are taken from the value of the \fBLS_COLORS\fP
environment variable.
.TP
.TP
.B match\-hidden\-files (On)
This variable, when set to \fBOn\fP, causes readline to match files whose
-names begin with a `.' (hidden files) when performing filename
+names begin with a `.' (hidden files) when performing filename
completion.
If set to \fBOff\fP, the leading `.' must be
supplied by the user in the filename to be completed.
.B print\-completions\-horizontally (Off)
If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will display completions with matches
sorted horizontally in alphabetical order, rather than down the screen.
-.TP
+.TP
.B revert\-all\-at\-newline (Off)
-If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will undo all changes to history lines
+If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will undo all changes to history lines
before returning when \fBaccept\-line\fP is executed. By default,
history lines may be modified and retain individual undo lists across
calls to \fBreadline\fP.
bindings and variable settings to be performed as the result
of tests. There are four parser directives used.
.IP \fB$if\fP
-The
+The
.B $if
construct allows bindings to be made based on the
editing mode, the terminal being used, or the application using
Drag the word before point past the word after point,
moving point over that word as well.
If point is at the end of the line, this transposes
-the last two words on the line.
+the last two words on the line.
.TP
.B upcase\-word (M\-u)
Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument,
argument, switches to insert mode. This command affects only
\fBemacs\fP mode; \fBvi\fP mode does overwrite differently.
Each call to \fIreadline()\fP starts in insert mode.
-In overwrite mode, characters bound to \fBself\-insert\fP replace
+In overwrite mode, characters bound to \fBself\-insert\fP replace
the text at point rather than pushing the text to the right.
Characters bound to \fBbackward\-delete\-char\fP replace the character
before point with a space. By default, this command is unbound.
.B kill\-whole\-line
Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.
.TP
-.B kill\-word (M\-d)
+.B kill\-word (M\-d)
Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
words, to the end of the next word.
Word boundaries are the same as those used by \fBforward\-word\fP.
Without a numeric argument, the value of the readline
.B comment\-begin
variable is inserted at the beginning of the current line.
-If a numeric argument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if
+If a numeric argument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if
the characters at the beginning of the line do not match the value
of \fBcomment\-begin\fP, the value is inserted, otherwise
-the characters in \fBcomment\-begin\fP are deleted from the beginning of
+the characters in \fBcomment\-begin\fP are deleted from the beginning of
the line.
In either case, the line is accepted as if a newline had been typed.
The default value of
Each word is then expanded using
brace expansion, tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion,
command substitution, and arithmetic expansion,
-as described above under
+as described above under
.SM
.BR EXPANSION .
The results are split using the rules described above under
.B COMP_TYPE
variables are assigned values as described above under
\fBShell Variables\fP.
-If a shell function is being invoked, the
+If a shell function is being invoked, the
.SM
.B COMP_WORDS
and
.PP
When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is desired,
the programmable completion functions force readline to append a slash
-to completed names which are symbolic links to directories, subject to
+to completed names which are symbolic links to directories, subject to
the value of the \fBmark\-directories\fP readline variable, regardless
of the setting of the \fBmark-symlinked\-directories\fP readline variable.
.PP
.SS Word Designators
.PP
Word designators are used to select desired words from the event.
-A
+A
.B :
separates the event specification from the word designator.
It may be omitted if the word designator begins with a
\fBalias\fP \fIname\fP=\fIvalue\fP on standard output.
When arguments are supplied, an alias is defined for
each \fIname\fP whose \fIvalue\fP is given.
-A trailing space in \fIvalue\fP causes the next word to be
+A trailing space in \fIvalue\fP causes the next word to be
checked for alias substitution when the alias is expanded.
For each \fIname\fP in the argument list for which no \fIvalue\fP
is supplied, the name and value of the alias is printed.
a script executed with the \fB.\fP or \fBsource\fP builtins).
Without \fIexpr\fP, \fBcaller\fP displays the line number and source
filename of the current subroutine call.
-If a non-negative integer is supplied as \fIexpr\fP, \fBcaller\fP
+If a non-negative integer is supplied as \fIexpr\fP, \fBcaller\fP
displays the line number, subroutine name, and source file corresponding
to that position in the current execution call stack. This extra
information may be used, for example, to print a stack trace. The
then
.SM
.B CDPATH
-is not used. The
+is not used. The
.B \-P
option causes \fBcd\fP to use the physical directory structure
by resolving symbolic links while traversing \fIdir\fP and
.I command
with
.I args
-suppressing the normal shell function lookup. Only builtin
-commands or commands found in the
+suppressing the normal shell function lookup.
+Only builtin commands or commands found in the
.SM
.B PATH
are executed. If the
the end of the line.
.TP 8
.B plusdirs
-After any matches defined by the compspec are generated,
+After any matches defined by the compspec are generated,
directory name completion is attempted and any
matches are added to the results of the other actions.
.RE
Without options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.
The default display is on a single line with directory names separated
by spaces.
-Directories are added to the list with the
+Directories are added to the list with the
.B pushd
command; the
.B popd
If the
.B \-l
option is supplied,
-the shell places a dash at the beginning of the zeroth argument passed to
+the shell places a dash at the beginning of the zeroth argument passed to
.IR command .
This is what
.IR login (1)
The supplied
.I names
are marked for automatic export to the environment of
-subsequently executed commands. If the
+subsequently executed commands. If the
.B \-f
-option is given,
-the
+option is given, the
.I names
refer to functions.
If no
may be specified as a string (to locate the last command beginning
with that string) or as a number (an index into the history list,
where a negative number is used as an offset from the current
-command number). If
+command number). If
.I last
is not specified it is set to
the current command for listing (so that
.SM
.B OPTERR
is set to 0, no error messages will be displayed, even if the first
-character of
+character of
.I optstring
is not a colon.
.sp 1
.TP
\fBhash\fP [\fB\-lr\fP] [\fB\-p\fP \fIfilename\fP] [\fB\-dt\fP] [\fIname\fP]
Each time \fBhash\fP is invoked,
-the full pathname of the command
+the full pathname of the command
.I name
is determined by searching
the directories in
.PD
With no options, display the command
history list with line numbers. Lines listed
-with a
+with a
.B *
have been modified. An argument of
.I n
.TP
\fBlocal\fP [\fIoption\fP] [\fIname\fP[=\fIvalue\fP] ...]
For each argument, a local variable named
-.I name
+.I name
is created, and assigned
.IR value .
The \fIoption\fP can be any of the options accepted by \fBdeclare\fP.
.PD
Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable
.IR array ,
-or from file descriptor
+or from file descriptor
.IR fd
-if the
+if the
.B \-u
option is supplied.
The variable
.PP
If
.B \-C
-is specified without
+is specified without
.BR \-c ,
the default quantum is 5000.
When \fIcallback\fP is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next
array element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that element
as additional arguments.
-\fIcallback\fP is evaluated after the line is read but before the
+\fIcallback\fP is evaluated after the line is read but before the
array element is assigned.
.PP
If not supplied with an explicit origin, \fBmapfile\fP will clear \fIarray\fP
.PP
If the
.B popd
-command is successful, a
+command is successful, a
.B dirs
is performed as well, and the return status is 0.
.B popd
.PP
If the
.B pushd
-command is successful, a
+command is successful, a
.B dirs
is performed as well.
If the first form is used,
Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
The pathname printed contains no symbolic links if the
.B \-P
-option is supplied or the
+option is supplied or the
.B \-o physical
option to the
.B set
.IR name .
If there are fewer words read from the input stream than names,
the remaining names are assigned empty values.
-The characters in
+The characters in
.SM
.B IFS
are used to split the line into words using the same rules the shell
Causes a function to stop executing and return the value specified by
.I n
to its caller.
-If
+If
.I n
is omitted, the return status is that of the last command
executed in the function body.
If
.B return
is used outside a function,
-but during execution of a script by the
+but during execution of a script by the
.B .
(\fBsource\fP) command, it causes the shell to stop executing
that script and return either
The output is sorted according to the current locale.
When options are specified, they set or unset shell attributes.
Any arguments remaining after option processing are treated
-as values for the positional parameters and are assigned, in order, to
+as values for the positional parameters and are assigned, in order, to
.BR $1 ,
.BR $2 ,
.B ...
(see
.SM
.B SHELL GRAMMAR
-above), exits with a non-zero status.
+above), exits with a non-zero status.
The shell does not exit if the
command that fails is part of the command list immediately following a
.B while
or
.B until
-keyword,
+keyword,
part of the test following the
.B if
or
.TP 8
.B \-f
Disable pathname expansion.
-.TP 8
+.TP 8
.B \-h
Remember the location of commands as they are looked up for execution.
This is enabled by default.
containing its exit status.
.TP 8
.B \-n
-Read commands but do not execute them. This may be used to
-check a shell script for syntax errors. This is ignored by
-interactive shells.
+Read commands but do not execute them.
+This may be used to check a shell script for syntax errors.
+This is ignored by interactive shells.
.TP 8
.B \-o \fIoption\-name\fP
The \fIoption\-name\fP can be one of the following:
.BR >& ,
and
.B <>
-redirection operators. This may be overridden when
+redirection operators. This may be overridden when
creating output files by using the redirection operator
.B >|
instead of
.I n
is 0, no parameters are changed.
If
-.I n
+.I n
is not given, it is assumed to be 1.
If
.I n
if the directory name initially supplied does not exist.
.TP 8
.B dotglob
-If set,
+If set,
.B bash
includes filenames beginning with a `.' in the results of pathname
expansion.
are updated as described in their descriptions above.
.TP
.B 5.
-Function tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
+Function tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
subshells invoked with \fB(\fP \fIcommand\fP \fB)\fP inherit the
\fBDEBUG\fP and \fBRETURN\fP traps.
.TP
.B 6.
-Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
+Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
subshells invoked with \fB(\fP \fIcommand\fP \fB)\fP inherit the
\fBERR\fP trap.
.RE
failed history substitution.
.TP 8
.B histverify
-If set, and
+If set, and
.B readline
is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately
passed to the shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded into
The value may not be changed.
.TP 8
.B mailwarn
-If set, and a file that \fBbash\fP is checking for mail has been
+If set, and a file that \fBbash\fP is checking for mail has been
accessed since the last time it was checked, the message ``The mail in
\fImailfile\fP has been read'' is displayed.
.TP 8
the result of the expression is the result of the binary test using
the first and third arguments as operands.
The \fB\-a\fP and \fB\-o\fP operators are considered binary operators
-when there are three arguments.
+when there are three arguments.
If the first argument is \fB!\fP, the value is the negation of
the two-argument test using the second and third arguments.
If the first argument is exactly \fB(\fP and the third argument is
4 arguments
If the first argument is \fB!\fP, the result is the negation of
the three-argument expression composed of the remaining arguments.
-Otherwise, the expression is parsed and evaluated according to
+Otherwise, the expression is parsed and evaluated according to
precedence using the rules listed above.
.TP
5 or more arguments
each specified signal is
reset to its original disposition (the value it had
upon entrance to the shell).
-If
+If
.I arg
is the null string the signal specified by each
.I sigspec
.BR ERR ,
the command
.I arg
-is executed whenever a
+is executed whenever a
a pipeline (which may consist of a single simple
-command), a list, or a compound command returns a
+command), a list, or a compound command returns a
non\-zero exit status,
subject to the following conditions.
The
.B while
or
.B until
-keyword,
+keyword,
part of the test in an
.I if
statement, part of a command executed in a
returns true.
.TP
\fBtype\fP [\fB\-aftpP\fP] \fIname\fP [\fIname\fP ...]
-With no options,
+With no options,
indicate how each
.I name
would be interpreted if used as a command name.
.IR function ,
.IR builtin ,
or
-.I file
+.I file
if
.I name
is an alias, shell reserved word, function, builtin, or disk file,
and
.B \-P
print the hashed value, which is not necessarily the file that appears
-first in
+first in
.SM
.BR PATH .
If the
.B \-a
-option is used,
+option is used,
.B type
prints all of the places that contain
-an executable named
+an executable named
.IR name .
This includes aliases and functions,
-if and only if the
+if and only if the
.B \-p
option is not also used.
The table of hashed commands is not consulted
.RE
.TP
\fBumask\fP [\fB\-p\fP] [\fB\-S\fP] [\fImode\fP]
-The user file-creation mask is set to
+The user file-creation mask is set to
.IR mode .
If
.I mode
.PP
It's too big and too slow.
.PP
-There are some subtle differences between
+There are some subtle differences between
.B bash
and traditional versions of
.BR sh ,
</HEAD>
<BODY><TABLE WIDTH=100%>
<TR>
-<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2014 February 2<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
+<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2014 August 27<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
</TR>
</TABLE>
<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
<A NAME="lbAF"> </A>
<H3>OPTIONS</H3>
-All of the single-character shell options documented in the
+All of the single-character shell options documented in the
description of the <B>set</B> builtin command can be used as options
when the shell is invoked.
In addition, <B>bash</B>
If there are arguments after the
<I>command_string</I>,
-they are assigned to the positional parameters, starting with
-<B>$0</B>.
+the first argument is assigned to
+<B>$0</B>
+
+and any remaining arguments are assigned to the positional parameters.
+The assignment to
+<B>$0</B>
+sets the name of the shell, which is used in warning and error messages.
<DT><B>-i</B>
<DD>
<DT><B>--verbose</B>
<DD>
-Equivalent to <B>-v</B>.
+Equivalent to <B>-v</B>.
<DT><B>--version</B>
<DD>
If
<B>bash</B>
-is invoked in this fashion,
+is invoked in this fashion,
<B>$0</B>
is set to the name of the file, and the positional parameters
A <I>login shell</I> is one whose first character of argument zero is a
<B>-</B>,
-or one started with the
+or one started with the
<B>--login</B>
option.
document.
<DL COMPACT>
-<DT><B>blank </B>
+<DT><B>blank</B>
<DD>
A space or tab.
<DT><B>name</B>
<DD>
-A
+A
<I>word</I>
consisting only of alphanumeric characters and underscores, and
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SHELL GRAMMAR</B>
</FONT>
-below) or the third word of a
-<B>case </B>
+below) or the third word of a
+<B>case</B>
or
<B>for</B>
An additional binary operator, <B>=~</B>, is available, with the same
precedence as <B>==</B> and <B>!=</B>.
When it is used, the string to the right of the operator is considered
-an extended regular expression and matched accordingly (as in <I>regex</I>(3)).
+an extended regular expression and matched accordingly (as in <I>regex</I>(3)).
The return value is 0 if the string matches
the pattern, and 1 otherwise.
If the regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional
below).
The <I>word</I> is expanded using tilde
-expansion, parameter and variable expansion, arithmetic substitution,
+expansion, parameter and variable expansion, arithmetic expansion,
command substitution, process substitution and quote removal.
Each <I>pattern</I> examined is expanded using tilde
-expansion, parameter and variable expansion, arithmetic substitution,
+expansion, parameter and variable expansion, arithmetic expansion,
command substitution, and process substitution.
If the shell option
<B>nocasematch</B>
last command executed in <I>list</I>.
<DT><B>if</B> <I>list</I>; <B>then</B> <I>list</I>; [ <B>elif</B> <I>list</I>; <B>then</B> <I>list</I>; ] ... [ <B>else</B> <I>list</I>; ] <B>fi</B><DD>
The
-<B>if </B>
+<B>if</B>
<I>list</I>
The reserved word <B>function</B> is optional.
If the <B>function</B> reserved word is supplied, the parentheses are optional.
The <I>body</I> of the function is the compound command
-<I>compound-command </I>
+<I>compound-command</I>
(see <B>Compound Commands</B> above).
That command is usually a <I>list</I> of commands between { and }, but
-may be any command listed under <B>Compound Commands</B> above.
+may be any command listed under <B>Compound Commands</B> above,
+with one exception: If the <B>function</B> reserved word is used, but the
+parentheses are not supplied, the braces are required.
<I>compound-command</I> is executed whenever <I>name</I> is specified as the
name of a simple command.
When in <I>posix mode</I>, <I>name</I> may not be the name of one of the
<H3>QUOTING</H3>
<I>Quoting</I> is used to remove the special meaning of certain
-characters or words to the shell. Quoting can be used to
+characters or words to the shell. Quoting can be used to
disable special treatment for special characters, to prevent
reserved words from being recognized as such, and to prevent
parameter expansion.
and
<B>local</B>
-builtin commands.
+builtin commands (<I>declaration</I> commands).
When in <I>posix mode</I>, these builtins may appear in a command after
one or more instances of the <B>command</B> builtin and retain these
assignment statement properties.
In the context where an assignment statement is assigning a value
to a shell variable or array index, the += operator can be used to
append to or add to the variable's previous value.
+This includes arguments to builtin commands such as <B>declare</B> that
+accept assignment statements (<I>declaration</I> commands).
When += is applied to a variable for which the <I>integer</I> attribute has been
set, <I>value</I> is evaluated as an arithmetic expression and added to the
variable's current value, which is also evaluated.
(see the descriptions of <B>declare</B> and <B>local</B> below)
to create a <I>nameref</I>, or a reference to another variable.
This allows variables to be manipulated indirectly.
-Whenever the nameref variable is referenced or assigned to, the operation
-is actually performed on the variable specified by the nameref variable's
-value.
+Whenever the nameref variable is referenced, assigned to, unset, or has
+its attributes modified (other than the <I>nameref</I> attribute itself), the
+operation is actually performed on the variable specified by the nameref
+variable's value.
A nameref is commonly used within shell functions to refer to a variable
whose name is passed as an argument to the function.
For instance, if a variable name is passed to a shell function as its first
<P>
inside the function creates a nameref variable <B>ref</B> whose value is
the variable name passed as the first argument.
-References and assignments to <B>ref</B> are treated as references and
-assignments to the variable whose name was passed as <B>$1</B>.
+References and assignments to <B>ref</B>, and changes to its attributes,
+are treated as references, assignments, and attribute modifications
+to the variable whose name was passed as <B>$1</B>.
If the control variable in a <B>for</B> loop has the nameref attribute,
the list of words can be a list of shell variables, and a name reference
will be established for each word in the list, in turn, when the loop is
executed.
-Array variables cannot be given the <B>-n</B> attribute.
+Array variables cannot be given the <B>meref</B> attribute.
However, nameref variables can reference array variables and subscripted
array variables.
Namerefs can be unset using the <B>-n</B> option to the <B>unset</B> builtin.
In contexts where it is performed, those words
are subject to further word splitting and pathname expansion.
When the expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a single word
-with the value of each parameter separated by the first character
-of the
+with the value of each parameter separated by the first character of the
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>IFS</B>
</FONT>
the first parameter is joined with the beginning part of the original
word, and the expansion of the last parameter is joined with the last
part of the original word.
-When there are no positional parameters, "<B>$@</B>" and
+When there are no positional parameters, "<B>$@</B>" and
<B>$@</B>
expand to nothing (i.e., they are removed).
<DD>
An array variable containing the list of groups of which the current
user is a member.
-Assignments to
+Assignments to
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>GROUPS</B>
</FONT>
<DD>
Each time this parameter is
referenced, the number of seconds since shell invocation is returned. If a
-value is assigned to
+value is assigned to
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SECONDS</B>,
</FONT>
<B>space</B>
character are not saved in the history list.
-A value of
+A value of
<I>ignoredups</I>
causes lines matching the previous history entry to not be saved.
<DT><B>MAILPATH</B>
<DD>
-A colon-separated list of filenames to be checked for mail.
+A colon-separated list of filenames to be checked for mail.
The message to be printed when mail arrives in a particular file
may be specified by separating the filename from the message with a `?'.
When used in the text of the message, <B>$_</B> expands to the name of
-the current mailfile.
+the current mailfile.
Example:
<DL COMPACT><DT><DD>
<P>
limit on the size of an array, nor any requirement that members
be indexed or assigned contiguously.
Indexed arrays are referenced using integers (including arithmetic
-expressions) and are zero-based; associative arrays are referenced
+expressions) and are zero-based; associative arrays are referenced
using arbitrary strings.
Unless otherwise noted, indexed array indices must be non-negative integers.
<P>
<I>subscript</I>
used to reference an element of an indexed array
-evaluates to a number less than zero, it is
+evaluates to a number less than zero, it is
interpreted as relative to one greater than the maximum index of the array,
so negative indices count back from the end of the
array, and an index of -1 references the last element.
<B>-A</B>
option to specify an associative array.
-If both options are supplied,
+If both options are supplied,
<B>-A</B>
takes precedence.
<B>bash</B>
with the
-<B>+B </B>
+<B>+B</B>
option or disable brace expansion with the
<B>+B</B>
Substring expansion applied to an associative array produces undefined
results.
<P>
-Substring indexing is zero-based unless the positional parameters
+Substring indexing is zero-based unless the positional parameters
are used, in which case the indexing starts at 1 by default.
If <I>offset</I> is 0, and the positional parameters are used, <B>$0</B> is
prefixed to the list.
is
<B>*</B>
-or
+or
<B>@</B>,
the value substituted is the number of positional parameters.
<DT>${<I>parameter</I><B>##</B><I>word</I>}<DD>
<B>Remove matching prefix pattern</B>.
-The
+The
<I>word</I>
is expanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname
<P>
When available, process substitution is performed
-simultaneously with parameter and variable expansion,
+simultaneously with parameter and variable expansion,
command substitution,
and arithmetic expansion.
<A NAME="lbBF"> </A>
<B>nullglob</B>
is not enabled, the word is left unchanged.
-If the
+If the
<B>nullglob</B>
option is set, and no matches are found,
<B>globasciiranges</B>
shell option.
-A
+A
<B>-</B>
may be matched by including it as the first or last character
Within
<B>[</B>
-and
+and
<B>]</B>,
an <I>equivalence class</I> can be specified using the syntax
Within
<B>[</B>
-and
+and
<B>]</B>,
the syntax <B>[.</B><I>symbol</I><B>.]</B> matches the collating symbol
reports an error.
<P>
-Note that the order of redirections is significant. For example,
+Note that the order of redirections is significant. For example,
the command
<DL COMPACT><DT><DD>
<P>
<P>
-directs both standard output and standard error to the file
+directs both standard output and standard error to the file
<I>dirlist</I>,
while the command
This behavior is also an issue when functions are executed.
Aliases are expanded when a function definition is read,
not when the function is executed, because a function definition
-is itself a compound command. As a consequence, aliases
+is itself a command. As a consequence, aliases
defined in a function are not available until after that
function is executed. To be safe, always put
alias definitions on a separate line, and do not use
All other aspects of the shell execution
environment are identical between a function and its caller
-with these exceptions: the
+with these exceptions: the
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>DEBUG</B>
</FONT>
the remainder of the first line specifies an interpreter
for the program. The shell executes the
specified interpreter on operating systems that do not
-handle this executable format themselves. The arguments to the
+handle this executable format themselves. The arguments to the
interpreter consist of a single optional argument following the
interpreter name on the first line of the program, followed
by the name of the program, followed by the command
<P>
A command invoked in this separate environment cannot affect the
-shell's execution environment.
+shell's execution environment.
<P>
Command substitution, commands grouped with parentheses,
called the
<I>environment</I>.
-This is a list of
+This is a list of
<I>name</I>-<I>value</I> pairs, of the form
<I>name</I>=value.
by that command.
<P>
-If the
+If the
<B>-k</B>
option is set (see the
<I>waitpid</I> system call or equivalent function. Exit statuses
fall between 0 and 255, though, as explained below, the shell may
use values above 125 specially. Exit statuses from shell builtins and
-compound commands are also limited to this range. Under certain
+compound commands are also limited to this range. Under certain
circumstances, the shell will use special values to indicate specific
failure modes.
<P>
-For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a
+For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a
zero exit status has succeeded. An exit status of zero
indicates success. A non-zero exit status indicates failure.
When a command terminates on a fatal signal <I>N</I>, <B>bash</B> uses
Shell builtin commands return a status of 0 (<I>true</I>) if
successful, and non-zero (<I>false</I>) if an error occurs
-while they execute.
-All builtins return an exit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage.
+while they execute.
+All builtins return an exit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage,
+generally invalid options or missing arguments.
<P>
<B>Bash</B> itself returns the exit status of the last command
</FONT>
To prevent the shell from
sending the signal to a particular job, it should be removed from the
-jobs table with the
+jobs table with the
<B>disown</B>
builtin (see
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS</B>
</FONT>
-below) or marked
+below) or marked
to not receive
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SIGHUP</B>
<B>bash</B>
-sends a
+sends a
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SIGHUP</B>
</FONT>
If <B>bash</B> is waiting for a command to complete and receives a signal
for which a trap has been set, the trap will not be executed until
-the command completes.
+the command completes.
When <B>bash</B> is waiting for an asynchronous command via the <B>wait</B>
builtin, the reception of a signal for which a trap has been set will
cause the <B>wait</B> builtin to return immediately with an exit status
terminal.
Background processes which attempt to read from (write to when
<TT>stty tostop</TT> is in effect) the
-terminal are sent a
+terminal are sent a
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SIGTTIN (SIGTTOU)</B>
</FONT>
<B>^Z</B>,
Control-Z) while a process is running
-causes that process to be stopped and returns control to
+causes that process to be stopped and returns control to
<B>bash</B>.
Typing the
which is the last job stopped while it was in
the foreground or started in the background.
-The
+The
<I>previous job</I>
may be referenced using
waits until it is about to print a prompt before reporting
changes in a job's status so as to not interrupt
-any other output. If the
+any other output. If the
<B>-b</B>
option to the
The
<B>jobs</B>
-command may then be used to inspect their status.
+command may then be used to inspect their status.
If a second attempt to exit is made without an intervening command,
the shell does not print another warning, and any stopped
jobs are terminated.
<A NAME="lbCE"> </A>
<H3>PROMPTING</H3>
-When executing interactively,
+When executing interactively,
<B>bash</B>
displays the primary prompt
In this section, the Emacs-style notation is used to denote
keystrokes. Control keys are denoted by C-<I>key</I>, e.g., C-n
-means Control-N. Similarly,
+means Control-N. Similarly,
<I>meta</I>
keys are denoted by M-<I>key</I>, so M-x means Meta-X. (On keyboards
-without a
+without a
<I>meta</I>
key, M-<I>x</I> means ESC <I>x</I>, i.e., press the Escape key
Sometimes, however, it is the sign of the argument that is significant.
Passing a negative argument to a command that acts in the forward
direction (e.g., <B>kill-line</B>) causes that command to act in a
-backward direction.
+backward direction.
Commands whose behavior with arguments deviates from this are noted
below.
<P>
deleted is saved for possible future retrieval
(<I>yanking</I>). The killed text is saved in a
<I>kill ring</I>. Consecutive kills cause the text to be
-accumulated into one unit, which can be yanked all at once.
+accumulated into one unit, which can be yanked all at once.
Commands which do not kill text separate the chunks of text
on the kill ring.
<A NAME="lbCH"> </A>
<P>
The default key-bindings may be changed with an
-<I>inputrc </I>
+<I>inputrc</I>
file.
Other programs that use this library may add their own commands
C-Meta-u: universal-argument
</DL>
-into the
+into the
<I>inputrc</I>
would make M-C-u execute the readline command
file is simple. All that is required is the name of the
command or the text of a macro and a key sequence to which
-it should be bound. The name may be specified in one of two ways:
+it should be bound. The name may be specified in one of two ways:
as a symbolic key name, possibly with <I>Meta-</I> or <I>Control-</I>
prefixes, or as a key sequence.
<P>
is bound to the function
<B>re-read-init-file</B>,
-and
+and
<I>ESC [ 1 1 ~</I>
is bound to insert the text
<DD>
If set to <B>On</B>, readline displays possible completions using different
-colors to indicate their file type.
+colors to indicate their file type.
The color definitions are taken from the value of the <B>LS_COLORS</B>
environment variable.
<DT><B>comment-begin (``#'')</B>
<DD>
This variable, when set to <B>On</B>, causes readline to match files whose
-names begin with a `.' (hidden files) when performing filename
+names begin with a `.' (hidden files) when performing filename
completion.
If set to <B>Off</B>, the leading `.' must be
supplied by the user in the filename to be completed.
<DT><B>revert-all-at-newline (Off)</B>
<DD>
-If set to <B>On</B>, readline will undo all changes to history lines
+If set to <B>On</B>, readline will undo all changes to history lines
before returning when <B>accept-line</B> is executed. By default,
history lines may be modified and retain individual undo lists across
calls to <B>readline</B>.
of tests. There are four parser directives used.
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><B>$if</B><DD>
-The
+The
<B>$if</B>
construct allows bindings to be made based on the
Drag the word before point past the word after point,
moving point over that word as well.
If point is at the end of the line, this transposes
-the last two words on the line.
+the last two words on the line.
<DT><B>upcase-word (M-u)</B>
<DD>
argument, switches to insert mode. This command affects only
<B>emacs</B> mode; <B>vi</B> mode does overwrite differently.
Each call to <I>readline()</I> starts in insert mode.
-In overwrite mode, characters bound to <B>self-insert</B> replace
+In overwrite mode, characters bound to <B>self-insert</B> replace
the text at point rather than pushing the text to the right.
Characters bound to <B>backward-delete-char</B> replace the character
before point with a space. By default, this command is unbound.
<DD>
Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.
-<DT><B>kill-word (M-d)</B>
+<DT><B>kill-word (M-d)</B>
<DD>
Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
<DD>
Kill the word behind point.
Word boundaries are the same as those used by <B>backward-word</B>.
-<DT><B>shell-kill-word (M-d)</B>
+<DT><B>shell-kill-word</B>
<DD>
Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
words, to the end of the next word.
Word boundaries are the same as those used by <B>shell-forward-word</B>.
-<DT><B>shell-backward-kill-word (M-Rubout)</B>
+<DT><B>shell-backward-kill-word</B>
<DD>
Kill the word behind point.
<B>comment-begin</B>
variable is inserted at the beginning of the current line.
-If a numeric argument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if
+If a numeric argument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if
the characters at the beginning of the line do not match the value
of <B>comment-begin</B>, the value is inserted, otherwise
-the characters in <B>comment-begin</B> are deleted from the beginning of
+the characters in <B>comment-begin</B> are deleted from the beginning of
the line.
In either case, the line is accepted as if a newline had been typed.
The default value of
Each word is then expanded using
brace expansion, tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion,
command substitution, and arithmetic expansion,
-as described above under
+as described above under
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>EXPANSION</B>.
</FONT>
</FONT>
variables are assigned values as described above under
<B>Shell Variables</B>.
-If a shell function is being invoked, the
+If a shell function is being invoked, the
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>COMP_WORDS</B>
</FONT>
When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is desired,
the programmable completion functions force readline to append a slash
-to completed names which are symbolic links to directories, subject to
+to completed names which are symbolic links to directories, subject to
the value of the <B>mark-directories</B> readline variable, regardless
of the setting of the <B>mark-symlinked-directories</B> readline variable.
<P>
<P>
Word designators are used to select desired words from the event.
-A
+A
<B>:</B>
separates the event specification from the word designator.
<B>alias</B> <I>name</I>=<I>value</I> on standard output.
When arguments are supplied, an alias is defined for
each <I>name</I> whose <I>value</I> is given.
-A trailing space in <I>value</I> causes the next word to be
+A trailing space in <I>value</I> causes the next word to be
checked for alias substitution when the alias is expanded.
For each <I>name</I> in the argument list for which no <I>value</I>
is supplied, the name and value of the alias is printed.
<DT><B>bind</B> [<B>-m</B> <I>keymap</I>] <B>-f</B> <I>filename</I><DD>
<DT><B>bind</B> [<B>-m</B> <I>keymap</I>] <B>-x</B> <I>keyseq</I>:<I>shell-command</I><DD>
<DT><B>bind</B> [<B>-m</B> <I>keymap</I>] <I>keyseq</I>:<I>function-name</I><DD>
-<DT><B>bind</B> <I>readline-command</I><DD>
+<DT><B>bind</B> [<B>-m</B> <I>keymap</I>] <I>keyseq</I>:<I>readline-command</I><DD>
Display current
<B>readline</B>
a script executed with the <B>.</B> or <B>source</B> builtins).
Without <I>expr</I>, <B>caller</B> displays the line number and source
filename of the current subroutine call.
-If a non-negative integer is supplied as <I>expr</I>, <B>caller</B>
+If a non-negative integer is supplied as <I>expr</I>, <B>caller</B>
displays the line number, subroutine name, and source file corresponding
to that position in the current execution call stack. This extra
information may be used, for example, to print a stack trace. The
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>CDPATH</B>
</FONT>
-is not used. The
+is not used. The
<B>-P</B>
option causes <B>cd</B> to use the physical directory structure
with
<I>args</I>
-suppressing the normal shell function lookup. Only builtin
-commands or commands found in the
+suppressing the normal shell function lookup.
+Only builtin commands or commands found in the
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>PATH</B>
</FONT>
<DT><B>plusdirs</B>
<DD>
-After any matches defined by the compspec are generated,
+After any matches defined by the compspec are generated,
directory name completion is attempted and any
matches are added to the results of the other actions.
</DL></DL>
Give each <I>name</I> the <I>nameref</I> attribute, making
it a name reference to another variable.
That other variable is defined by the value of <I>name</I>.
-All references and assignments to <I>name</I>, except for changing the
+All references, assignments, and attribute modifications
+to <I>name</I>, except for changing the
<B>-n</B> attribute itself, are performed on the variable referenced by
<I>name</I>'s value.
-The <B>-n</B> attribute cannot be applied to array variables.
+The nameref attribute cannot be applied to array variables.
<DT><B>-r</B>
<DD>
Without options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.
The default display is on a single line with directory names separated
by spaces.
-Directories are added to the list with the
+Directories are added to the list with the
<B>pushd</B>
command; the
<B>-l</B>
option is supplied,
-the shell places a dash at the beginning of the zeroth argument passed to
+the shell places a dash at the beginning of the zeroth argument passed to
<I>command</I>.
This is what
<I>names</I>
are marked for automatic export to the environment of
-subsequently executed commands. If the
+subsequently executed commands. If the
<B>-f</B>
-option is given,
-the
+option is given, the
<I>names</I>
refer to functions.
may be specified as a string (to locate the last command beginning
with that string) or as a number (an index into the history list,
where a negative number is used as an offset from the current
-command number). If
+command number). If
<I>last</I>
is not specified it is set to
</FONT>
is set to 0, no error messages will be displayed, even if the first
-character of
+character of
<I>optstring</I>
is not a colon.
error occurs.
<DT><B>hash</B> [<B>-lr</B>] [<B>-p</B> <I>filename</I>] [<B>-dt</B>] [<I>name</I>]<DD>
Each time <B>hash</B> is invoked,
-the full pathname of the command
+the full pathname of the command
<I>name</I>
is determined by searching
With no options, display the command
history list with line numbers. Lines listed
-with a
+with a
<B>*</B>
have been modified. An argument of
returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.
<DT><B>local</B> [<I>option</I>] [<I>name</I>[=<I>value</I>] ...]<DD>
For each argument, a local variable named
-<I>name </I>
+<I>name</I>
is created, and assigned
<I>value</I>.
<DD>
Exit a login shell.
-<DT><B>mapfile</B> [<B>-n</B> <I>count</I>] [<B>-O</B> <I>origin</I>] [<B>-s</B> <I>count</I>] [<B>-t</B>] [<B>-u</B> <I>fd</I>] [<B>-C</B> <I>callback</I>] [<B>-c</B> <I>quantum</I>] [<I>array</I>]<DD>
+<DT><B>mapfile</B> [<B>-d</B> <I>delim</I>] [<B>-n</B> <I>count</I>] [<B>-O</B> <I>origin</I>] [<B>-s</B> <I>count</I>] [<B>-t</B>] [<B>-u</B> <I>fd</I>] [<B>-C</B> <I>callback</I>] [<B>-c</B> <I>quantum</I>] [<I>array</I>]<DD>
-<DT><B>readarray</B> [<B>-n</B> <I>count</I>] [<B>-O</B> <I>origin</I>] [<B>-s</B> <I>count</I>] [<B>-t</B>] [<B>-u</B> <I>fd</I>] [<B>-C</B> <I>callback</I>] [<B>-c</B> <I>quantum</I>] [<I>array</I>]<DD>
+<DT><B>readarray</B> [<B>-d</B> <I>delim</I>] [<B>-n</B> <I>count</I>] [<B>-O</B> <I>origin</I>] [<B>-s</B> <I>count</I>] [<B>-t</B>] [<B>-u</B> <I>fd</I>] [<B>-C</B> <I>callback</I>] [<B>-c</B> <I>quantum</I>] [<I>array</I>]<DD>
Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable
<I>array</I>,
-or from file descriptor
+or from file descriptor
<I>fd</I>
-if the
+if the
<B>-u</B>
option is supplied.
<DL COMPACT><DT><DD>
<DL COMPACT>
+<DT><B>-d</B>
+
+<DD>
+The first character of <I>delim</I> is used to terminate each input line,
+rather than newline.
<DT><B>-n</B>
<DD>
If
<B>-C</B>
-is specified without
+is specified without
<B>-c</B>,
the default quantum is 5000.
When <I>callback</I> is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next
array element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that element
as additional arguments.
-<I>callback</I> is evaluated after the line is read but before the
+<I>callback</I> is evaluated after the line is read but before the
array element is assigned.
<P>
If the
<B>popd</B>
-command is successful, a
+command is successful, a
<B>dirs</B>
is performed as well, and the return status is 0.
If the
<B>pushd</B>
-command is successful, a
+command is successful, a
<B>dirs</B>
is performed as well.
The pathname printed contains no symbolic links if the
<B>-P</B>
-option is supplied or the
+option is supplied or the
<B>-o physical</B>
option to the
If there are fewer words read from the input stream than names,
the remaining names are assigned empty values.
-The characters in
+The characters in
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>IFS</B>
</FONT>
<I>n</I>
to its caller.
-If
+If
<I>n</I>
is omitted, the return status is that of the last command
-executed in the function body. If
+executed in the function body.
+If <B>return</B> is executed by a trap handler, the last command used to
+determine the status is the last command executed before the trap handler.
+if <B>return</B> is executed during a <B>DEBUG</B> trap, the last command
+used to determine the status is the last command executed by the trap
+handler before <B>return</B> was invoked.
+If
<B>return</B>
is used outside a function,
-but during execution of a script by the
+but during execution of a script by the
<B>.</B>
(<B>source</B>) command, it causes the shell to stop executing
The output is sorted according to the current locale.
When options are specified, they set or unset shell attributes.
Any arguments remaining after option processing are treated
-as values for the positional parameters and are assigned, in order, to
+as values for the positional parameters and are assigned, in order, to
<B>$1</B>,
<B>$2</B>,
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SHELL GRAMMAR</B>
</FONT>
-above), exits with a non-zero status.
+above), exits with a non-zero status.
The shell does not exit if the
command that fails is part of the command list immediately following a
<B>while</B>
or
<B>until</B>
-keyword,
+keyword,
part of the test following the
<B>if</B>
<DT><B>-n</B>
<DD>
-Read commands but do not execute them. This may be used to
-check a shell script for syntax errors. This is ignored by
-interactive shells.
+Read commands but do not execute them.
+This may be used to check a shell script for syntax errors.
+This is ignored by interactive shells.
<DT><B>-o </B><I>option-name</I>
<DD>
and
<B><></B>
-redirection operators. This may be overridden when
+redirection operators. This may be overridden when
creating output files by using the redirection operator
<B>>|</B>
is 0, no parameters are changed.
If
-<I>n </I>
+<I>n</I>
is not given, it is assumed to be 1.
If
<DT><B>dotglob</B>
<DD>
-If set,
+If set,
<B>bash</B>
includes filenames beginning with a `.' in the results of pathname
<DD>
If the command run by the <B>DEBUG</B> trap returns a value of 2, and the
shell is executing in a subroutine (a shell function or a shell script
-executed by the <B>.</B> or <B>source</B> builtins), a call to
-<B>return</B> is simulated.
+executed by the <B>.</B> or <B>source</B> builtins), the shell simulates
+a call to <B>return</B>.
<DT><B>4.</B>
<DD>
<DT><B>5.</B>
<DD>
-Function tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
+Function tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
subshells invoked with <B>(</B> <I>command</I> <B>)</B> inherit the
<B>DEBUG</B> and <B>RETURN</B> traps.
<DT><B>6.</B>
<DD>
-Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
+Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
subshells invoked with <B>(</B> <I>command</I> <B>)</B> inherit the
<B>ERR</B> trap.
</DL></DL>
<DT><B>histverify</B>
<DD>
-If set, and
+If set, and
<B>readline</B>
is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately
<DT><B>mailwarn</B>
<DD>
-If set, and a file that <B>bash</B> is checking for mail has been
+If set, and a file that <B>bash</B> is checking for mail has been
accessed since the last time it was checked, the message ``The mail in
<I>mailfile</I> has been read'' is displayed.
<DT><B>no_empty_cmd_completion</B>
the result of the expression is the result of the binary test using
the first and third arguments as operands.
The <B>-a</B> and <B>-o</B> operators are considered binary operators
-when there are three arguments.
+when there are three arguments.
If the first argument is <B>!</B>, the value is the negation of
the two-argument test using the second and third arguments.
If the first argument is exactly <B>(</B> and the third argument is
<DT>4 arguments<DD>
If the first argument is <B>!</B>, the result is the negation of
the three-argument expression composed of the remaining arguments.
-Otherwise, the expression is parsed and evaluated according to
+Otherwise, the expression is parsed and evaluated according to
precedence using the rules listed above.
<DT>5 or more arguments<DD>
The expression is parsed and evaluated according to precedence
each specified signal is
reset to its original disposition (the value it had
upon entrance to the shell).
-If
+If
<I>arg</I>
is the null string the signal specified by each
the command
<I>arg</I>
-is executed whenever a
+is executed whenever a
a pipeline (which may consist of a single simple
-command), a list, or a compound command returns a
+command), a list, or a compound command returns a
non-zero exit status,
subject to the following conditions.
The
or
<B>until</B>
-keyword,
+keyword,
part of the test in an
<I>if</I>
returns true.
<DT><B>type</B> [<B>-aftpP</B>] <I>name</I> [<I>name</I> ...]<DD>
-With no options,
+With no options,
indicate how each
<I>name</I>
<I>builtin</I>,
or
-<I>file </I>
+<I>file</I>
if
<I>name</I>
<B>-P</B>
print the hashed value, which is not necessarily the file that appears
-first in
+first in
<FONT SIZE=-1><B>PATH</B>.
</FONT>
If the
<B>-a</B>
-option is used,
+option is used,
<B>type</B>
prints all of the places that contain
-an executable named
+an executable named
<I>name</I>.
This includes aliases and functions,
-if and only if the
+if and only if the
<B>-p</B>
option is not also used.
</DL>
<DT><B>umask</B> [<B>-p</B>] [<B>-S</B>] [<I>mode</I>]<DD>
-The user file-creation mask is set to
+The user file-creation mask is set to
<I>mode</I>.
If
It's too big and too slow.
<P>
-There are some subtle differences between
+There are some subtle differences between
<B>bash</B>
and traditional versions of
<HR>
<TABLE WIDTH=100%>
<TR>
-<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash 4.3<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2014 February 2<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
+<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash 4.3<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2014 August 27<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1)
</TR>
</TABLE>
<HR>
</DL>
<HR>
This document was created by man2html from bash.1.<BR>
-Time: 24 February 2014 08:28:34 EST
+Time: 15 September 2014 12:02:02 EDT
</BODY>
</HTML>
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(alue. No)-.25 F(other startup \214les are read.)2.5 E F1(Bash)108 290.4
Q F0 .224(attempts to determine when it is being run with its standard \
-input connected to a netw)2.724 F .223(ork connection,)-.1 F .025
+input connected to a netw)2.723 F .224(ork connection,)-.1 F .025
(as when e)108 302.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .025
(cuted by the remote shell daemon, usually).15 F F4 -.1(rs)2.525 G(hd).1
E F0 2.525(,o)C 2.525(rt)-2.525 G .025(he secure shell daemon)-2.525 F
F4(sshd)2.525 E F0 5.025(.I)C(f)-5.025 E F1(bash)2.525 E F0(deter)2.525
-E(-)-.2 E .134(mines it is being run in this f)108 314.4 R .134
-(ashion, it reads and e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .133(cutes commands from)
-.15 F F4(~/.bashr)2.633 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.633(,i)C 2.633(ft)-2.633 G .133
-(hat \214le e)-2.633 F .133(xists and is)-.15 F 2.869(readable. It)108
+E(-)-.2 E .133(mines it is being run in this f)108 314.4 R .133
+(ashion, it reads and e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .134(cutes commands from)
+.15 F F4(~/.bashr)2.634 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.634(,i)C 2.634(ft)-2.634 G .134
+(hat \214le e)-2.634 F .134(xists and is)-.15 F 2.869(readable. It)108
326.4 R .369(will not do this if in)2.869 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
2.869(da).1 G(s)-2.869 E F1(sh)2.869 E F0 5.369(.T)C(he)-5.369 E F1
<adad6e6f72>2.869 E(c)-.18 E F0 .369
(option may be used to inhibit this beha)2.869 F(vior)-.2 E 2.869(,a)-.4
-G(nd)-2.869 E(the)108 338.4 Q F1<adad72>2.919 E(c\214le)-.18 E F0 .419
+G(nd)-2.869 E(the)108 338.4 Q F1<adad72>2.918 E(c\214le)-.18 E F0 .419
(option may be used to force another \214le to be read, b)2.919 F .419
(ut neither)-.2 F F4 -.1(rs)2.919 G(hd).1 E F0(nor)2.919 E F4(sshd)2.919
-E F0 .418(generally in)2.919 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
+E F0 .419(generally in)2.919 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
(the shell with those options or allo)108 350.4 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G
-(hem to be speci\214ed.)-2.5 E 1.207
-(If the shell is started with the ef)108 367.2 R(fecti)-.25 E 1.507 -.15
-(ve u)-.25 H 1.208
+(hem to be speci\214ed.)-2.5 E 1.208
+(If the shell is started with the ef)108 367.2 R(fecti)-.25 E 1.508 -.15
+(ve u)-.25 H 1.207
(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real user \(group\) id, and the).15 F
-F1<ad70>3.708 E F0 .536(option is not supplied, no startup \214les are \
-read, shell functions are not inherited from the en)108 379.2 R .535
-(vironment, the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)108 391.2 Q F5(,)A F3 -.27(BA)2.959 G
-(SHOPTS).27 E F5(,)A F3(CDP)2.959 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F5(,)A F0
-(and)2.959 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.209 E F0 -.25(va)2.959 G .709
-(riables, if the).25 F 3.209(ya)-.15 G .71(ppear in the en)-3.209 F .71
-(vironment, are)-.4 F .905(ignored, and the ef)108 403.2 R(fecti)-.25 E
-1.205 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .904(ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F
-.904(If the)5.904 F F1<ad70>3.404 E F0 .904(option is supplied at in)
-3.404 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .904(cation, the).2 F(startup beha)108 415.2 Q
-(vior is the same, b)-.2 E(ut the ef)-.2 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve u)
--.25 H(ser id is not reset.).15 E/F6 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(DEFINITIONS)
-72 432 Q F0(The follo)108 444 Q
+F1<ad70>3.707 E F0 .536(option is not supplied, no startup \214les are \
+read, shell functions are not inherited from the en)108 379.2 R .536
+(vironment, the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)108 391.2 Q F5(,)A F3 -.27(BA)2.96 G
+(SHOPTS).27 E F5(,)A F3(CDP)2.96 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F5(,)A F0
+(and)2.96 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.209 E F0 -.25(va)2.959 G .709
+(riables, if the).25 F 3.209(ya)-.15 G .709(ppear in the en)-3.209 F
+.709(vironment, are)-.4 F .904(ignored, and the ef)108 403.2 R(fecti)
+-.25 E 1.204 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .904(ser id is set to the real user id.)
+.15 F .904(If the)5.904 F F1<ad70>3.404 E F0 .905
+(option is supplied at in)3.405 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .905(cation, the).2 F
+(startup beha)108 415.2 Q(vior is the same, b)-.2 E(ut the ef)-.2 E
+(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.25 H(ser id is not reset.).15 E/F6 10.95
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(DEFINITIONS)72 432 Q F0(The follo)108 444 Q
(wing de\214nitions are used throughout the rest of this document.)-.25
E F1(blank)108 456 Q F0 2.5(As)11.54 G(pace or tab)-2.5 E(.)-.4 E F1 -.1
(wo)108 468 S(rd).1 E F0 2.5(As)13.88 G
(equence of characters considered as a single unit by the shell.)-2.5 E
(Also kno)5 E(wn as a)-.25 E F1(tok)2.5 E(en)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(name)108
-480 Q F0(A)12.67 E F4(wor)3.005 E(d)-.37 E F0 .165
+480 Q F0(A)12.67 E F4(wor)3.006 E(d)-.37 E F0 .165
(consisting only of alphanumeric characters and underscores, and be)
-3.435 F .166(ginning with an alpha-)-.15 F
+3.436 F .165(ginning with an alpha-)-.15 F
(betic character or an underscore.)144 492 Q(Also referred to as an)5 E
F1(identi\214er)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(metacharacter)108 504 Q F0 2.5(Ac)144
516 S(haracter that, when unquoted, separates w)-2.5 E 2.5(ords. One)-.1
2.5 E(en)-.1 E F0(that performs a control function.)2.5 E
(It is one of the follo)5 E(wing symbols:)-.25 E F1 2.5
(|| & && ; ;; \( \) | |&)144 564 R(<newline>)10 E F6(RESER)72 580.8 Q
-(VED W)-.602 E(ORDS)-.11 E F4 .307(Reserved wor)108 592.8 R(ds)-.37 E F0
-.307(are w)2.807 F .307(ords that ha)-.1 F .607 -.15(ve a s)-.2 H .306
-(pecial meaning to the shell.).15 F .306(The follo)5.306 F .306(wing w)
--.25 F .306(ords are recognized as)-.1 F(reserv)108 604.8 Q .227
+(VED W)-.602 E(ORDS)-.11 E F4 .306(Reserved wor)108 592.8 R(ds)-.37 E F0
+.306(are w)2.806 F .306(ords that ha)-.1 F .606 -.15(ve a s)-.2 H .306
+(pecial meaning to the shell.).15 F .307(The follo)5.307 F .307(wing w)
+-.25 F .307(ords are recognized as)-.1 F(reserv)108 604.8 Q .227
(ed when unquoted and either the \214rst w)-.15 F .227
-(ord of a simple command \(see)-.1 F F3 .227(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.727 F F0
-(belo)2.477 E .227(w\) or)-.25 F(the third w)108 616.8 Q(ord of a)-.1 E
+(ord of a simple command \(see)-.1 F F3 .226(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.727 F F0
+(belo)2.476 E .226(w\) or)-.25 F(the third w)108 616.8 Q(ord of a)-.1 E
F1(case)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1 -.25(fo)2.5 G(r).25 E F0(command:)2.5 E F1
11.295(!c)144 633.6 S 8.795(ase copr)-11.295 F 8.795
(oc do done elif else esac \214 f)-.18 F 8.795
(or function if in select then)-.25 F 7.5(until while { } time [[ ]])144
645.6 R F6(SHELL GRAMMAR)72 662.4 Q F1(Simple Commands)87 674.4 Q F0(A)
-108 686.4 Q F4 .388(simple command)2.888 F F0 .388
-(is a sequence of optional v)2.888 F .389(ariable assignments follo)-.25
-F .389(wed by)-.25 F F1(blank)2.889 E F0 .389(-separated w)B .389
-(ords and)-.1 F .816(redirections, and terminated by a)108 698.4 R F4
-(contr)3.316 E .815(ol oper)-.45 F(ator)-.15 E F0 5.815(.T)C .815
-(he \214rst w)-5.815 F .815(ord speci\214es the command to be e)-.1 F
+108 686.4 Q F4 .389(simple command)2.889 F F0 .389
+(is a sequence of optional v)2.889 F .388(ariable assignments follo)-.25
+F .388(wed by)-.25 F F1(blank)2.888 E F0 .388(-separated w)B .388
+(ords and)-.1 F .815(redirections, and terminated by a)108 698.4 R F4
+(contr)3.315 E .815(ol oper)-.45 F(ator)-.15 E F0 5.815(.T)C .815
+(he \214rst w)-5.815 F .816(ord speci\214es the command to be e)-.1 F
-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E(and is passed as ar)108 710.4 Q
(gument zero.)-.18 E(The remaining w)5 E(ords are passed as ar)-.1 E
(guments to the in)-.18 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dc).1 G(ommand.)
--2.5 E .175(The return v)108 727.2 R .175(alue of a)-.25 F F4 .175
-(simple command)2.675 F F0 .175(is its e)2.675 F .175
-(xit status, or 128+)-.15 F F4(n)A F0 .176
-(if the command is terminated by signal)3.508 F F4(n)2.676 E F0(.).24 E
-(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2014 February 2)141.79 E(3)195.95 E 0 Cg EP
+-2.5 E .176(The return v)108 727.2 R .176(alue of a)-.25 F F4 .176
+(simple command)2.676 F F0 .175(is its e)2.676 F .175
+(xit status, or 128+)-.15 F F4(n)A F0 .175
+(if the command is terminated by signal)3.508 F F4(n)2.675 E F0(.).24 E
+(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2014 August 27)142.895 E(3)197.055 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 4 4
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
E F0(or)2.996 E F1(|&)2.996 E F0 5.496(.T)C(he)-5.496 E
(format for a pipeline is:)108 108 Q([)144 124.8 Q F1(time)A F0([)2.5 E
F1<ad70>A F0(]] [ ! ])A F2(command)2.5 E F0 2.5([[)2.5 G F1(|)-2.5 E/F3
-10/Symbol SF<ef>A F1(|&)A F0(])A F2(command2)2.5 E F0(... ])2.5 E .243
-(The standard output of)108 141.6 R F2(command)2.943 E F0 .244
-(is connected via a pipe to the standard input of)3.513 F F2(command2)
-2.744 E F0 5.244(.T).02 G .244(his connec-)-5.244 F .643
-(tion is performed before an)108 153.6 R 3.143(yr)-.15 G .642
-(edirections speci\214ed by the command \(see)-3.143 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0
-SF(REDIRECTION)3.142 E F0(belo)2.892 E 3.142(w\). If)-.25 F F1(|&)3.142
-E F0(is)3.142 E(used,)108 165.6 Q F2(command)3.647 E F0 2.247 -.55('s s)
+10/Symbol SF<ef>A F1(|&)A F0(])A F2(command2)2.5 E F0(... ])2.5 E .244
+(The standard output of)108 141.6 R F2(command)2.944 E F0 .243
+(is connected via a pipe to the standard input of)3.514 F F2(command2)
+2.743 E F0 5.243(.T).02 G .243(his connec-)-5.243 F .642
+(tion is performed before an)108 153.6 R 3.142(yr)-.15 G .642
+(edirections speci\214ed by the command \(see)-3.142 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0
+SF(REDIRECTION)3.143 E F0(belo)2.893 E 3.143(w\). If)-.25 F F1(|&)3.143
+E F0(is)3.143 E(used,)108 165.6 Q F2(command)3.648 E F0 2.248 -.55('s s)
D 1.147(tandard error).55 F 3.647(,i)-.4 G 3.647(na)-3.647 G 1.147
(ddition to its standard output, is connected to)-3.647 F F2(command2)
-3.648 E F0 2.248 -.55('s s)D(tandard).55 E .028
+3.647 E F0 2.247 -.55('s s)D(tandard).55 E .028
(input through the pipe; it is shorthand for)108 177.6 R F1 .028(2>&1 |)
2.528 F F0 5.028(.T)C .028
(his implicit redirection of the standard error to the stan-)-5.028 F
(edirections speci\214ed by the command.)-2.5 E .48
(The return status of a pipeline is the e)108 206.4 R .48
(xit status of the last command, unless the)-.15 F F1(pipefail)2.98 E F0
-.48(option is enabled.)2.98 F(If)108 218.4 Q F1(pipefail)2.687 E F0 .187
-(is enabled, the pipeline')2.687 F 2.687(sr)-.55 G .186
-(eturn status is the v)-2.687 F .186
-(alue of the last \(rightmost\) command to e)-.25 F .186(xit with a)-.15
-F .61(non-zero status, or zero if all commands e)108 230.4 R .611
-(xit successfully)-.15 F 5.611(.I)-.65 G 3.111(ft)-5.611 G .611
-(he reserv)-3.111 F .611(ed w)-.15 F(ord)-.1 E F1(!)3.111 E F0 .611
-(precedes a pipeline, the)5.611 F -.15(ex)108 242.4 S .55
+.48(option is enabled.)2.98 F(If)108 218.4 Q F1(pipefail)2.686 E F0 .186
+(is enabled, the pipeline')2.686 F 2.686(sr)-.55 G .186
+(eturn status is the v)-2.686 F .187
+(alue of the last \(rightmost\) command to e)-.25 F .187(xit with a)-.15
+F .611(non-zero status, or zero if all commands e)108 230.4 R .611
+(xit successfully)-.15 F 5.611(.I)-.65 G 3.111(ft)-5.611 G .61
+(he reserv)-3.111 F .61(ed w)-.15 F(ord)-.1 E F1(!)3.11 E F0 .61
+(precedes a pipeline, the)5.61 F -.15(ex)108 242.4 S .55
(it status of that pipeline is the logical ne).15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .55
(tion of the e).05 F .55(xit status as described abo)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15
G 5.55(.T).15 G .55(he shell w)-5.55 F .55(aits for)-.1 F
(all commands in the pipeline to terminate before returning a v)108
-254.4 Q(alue.)-.25 E .298(If the)108 271.2 R F1(time)2.799 E F0(reserv)
+254.4 Q(alue.)-.25 E .299(If the)108 271.2 R F1(time)2.799 E F0(reserv)
2.799 E .299(ed w)-.15 F .299(ord precedes a pipeline, the elapsed as w\
ell as user and system time consumed by its)-.1 F -.15(exe)108 283.2 S
-.14(cution are reported when the pipeline terminates.).15 F(The)5.139 E
-F1<ad70>2.639 E F0 .139(option changes the output format to that spec-)
-2.639 F .302(i\214ed by POSIX.)108 295.2 R .303(When the shell is in)
-5.302 F F2 .303(posix mode)2.803 F F0 2.803(,i)C 2.803(td)-2.803 G .303
+.139(cution are reported when the pipeline terminates.).15 F(The)5.139 E
+F1<ad70>2.639 E F0 .14(option changes the output format to that spec-)
+2.639 F .303(i\214ed by POSIX.)108 295.2 R .303(When the shell is in)
+5.303 F F2 .303(posix mode)2.803 F F0 2.803(,i)C 2.803(td)-2.803 G .303
(oes not recognize)-2.803 F F1(time)2.803 E F0 .303(as a reserv)2.803 F
-.303(ed w)-.15 F .303(ord if the ne)-.1 F(xt)-.15 E(tok)108 307.2 Q .736
+.303(ed w)-.15 F .302(ord if the ne)-.1 F(xt)-.15 E(tok)108 307.2 Q .735
(en be)-.1 F .736(gins with a `-'.)-.15 F(The)5.736 E F4(TIMEFORMA)3.236
E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.986 G .736
-(riable may be set to a format string that speci\214es ho).25 F 3.235
-(wt)-.25 G(he)-3.235 E 2.225
+(riable may be set to a format string that speci\214es ho).25 F 3.236
+(wt)-.25 G(he)-3.236 E 2.226
(timing information should be displayed; see the description of)108
-319.2 R F4(TIMEFORMA)4.726 E(T)-.855 E F0(under)4.476 E F1 2.226
-(Shell V)4.726 F(ariables)-.92 E F0(belo)108 331.2 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G .85
+319.2 R F4(TIMEFORMA)4.725 E(T)-.855 E F0(under)4.475 E F1 2.225
+(Shell V)4.725 F(ariables)-.92 E F0(belo)108 331.2 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G .85
(When the shell is in)108 348 R F2 .85(posix mode)3.35 F F0(,)A F1(time)
3.35 E F0 .85(may be follo)3.35 F .85(wed by a ne)-.25 F 3.35(wline. In)
--.25 F .85(this case, the shell displays the)3.35 F 1.073
+-.25 F .85(this case, the shell displays the)3.35 F 1.074
(total user and system time consumed by the shell and its children.)108
-360 R(The)6.074 E F4(TIMEFORMA)3.574 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)3.324 G
-1.074(riable may be).25 F
+360 R(The)6.073 E F4(TIMEFORMA)3.573 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)3.323 G
+1.073(riable may be).25 F
(used to specify the format of the time information.)108 372 Q
(Each command in a pipeline is e)108 388.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
(cuted as a separate process \(i.e., in a subshell\).).15 E F1(Lists)87
-405.6 Q F0(A)108 417.6 Q F2(list)2.85 E F0 .35(is a sequence of one or \
-more pipelines separated by one of the operators)2.85 F F1(;)2.849 E F0
-(,)A F1(&)2.849 E F0(,)A F1(&&)2.849 E F0 2.849(,o)C(r)-2.849 E F1(||)
-2.849 E F0 2.849(,a)C .349(nd option-)-2.849 F
-(ally terminated by one of)108 429.6 Q F1(;)2.5 E F0(,)A F1(&)2.5 E F0
-2.5(,o)C(r)-2.5 E F1(<newline>)2.5 E F0(.)A .96
-(Of these list operators,)108 446.4 R F1(&&)3.46 E F0(and)3.46 E F1(||)
-3.46 E F0(ha)3.46 E 1.26 -.15(ve e)-.2 H .961(qual precedence, follo).15
-F .961(wed by)-.25 F F1(;)3.461 E F0(and)3.461 E F1(&)3.461 E F0 3.461
-(,w)C .961(hich ha)-3.461 F 1.261 -.15(ve e)-.2 H .961(qual prece-).15 F
-(dence.)108 458.4 Q 2.5(As)108 475.2 S(equence of one or more ne)-2.5 E
-(wlines may appear in a)-.25 E F2(list)2.5 E F0
-(instead of a semicolon to delimit commands.)2.5 E .029
+405.6 Q F0(A)108 417.6 Q F2(list)2.849 E F0 .349(is a sequence of one o\
+r more pipelines separated by one of the operators)2.849 F F1(;)2.85 E
+F0(,)A F1(&)2.85 E F0(,)A F1(&&)2.85 E F0 2.85(,o)C(r)-2.85 E F1(||)2.85
+E F0 2.85(,a)C .35(nd option-)-2.85 F(ally terminated by one of)108
+429.6 Q F1(;)2.5 E F0(,)A F1(&)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(r)-2.5 E F1(<newline>)
+2.5 E F0(.)A .961(Of these list operators,)108 446.4 R F1(&&)3.461 E F0
+(and)3.461 E F1(||)3.461 E F0(ha)3.461 E 1.261 -.15(ve e)-.2 H .961
+(qual precedence, follo).15 F .96(wed by)-.25 F F1(;)3.46 E F0(and)3.46
+E F1(&)3.46 E F0 3.46(,w)C .96(hich ha)-3.46 F 1.26 -.15(ve e)-.2 H .96
+(qual prece-).15 F(dence.)108 458.4 Q 2.5(As)108 475.2 S
+(equence of one or more ne)-2.5 E(wlines may appear in a)-.25 E F2(list)
+2.5 E F0(instead of a semicolon to delimit commands.)2.5 E .029
(If a command is terminated by the control operator)108 492 R F1(&)2.529
E F0 2.529(,t)C .029(he shell e)-2.529 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .029
-(cutes the command in the).15 F F2(bac)2.528 E(kgr)-.2 E(ound)-.45 E F0
-(in)2.528 E 2.875(as)108 504 S 2.875(ubshell. The)-2.875 F .375
-(shell does not w)2.875 F .375
-(ait for the command to \214nish, and the return status is 0.)-.1 F .376
-(Commands sepa-)5.376 F .849(rated by a)108 516 R F1(;)3.349 E F0 .849
-(are e)3.349 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .848(cuted sequentially; the shell w).15 F
-.848(aits for each command to terminate in turn.)-.1 F .848(The return)
-5.848 F(status is the e)108 528 Q(xit status of the last command e)-.15
+(cutes the command in the).15 F F2(bac)2.529 E(kgr)-.2 E(ound)-.45 E F0
+(in)2.529 E 2.876(as)108 504 S 2.876(ubshell. The)-2.876 F .376
+(shell does not w)2.876 F .375
+(ait for the command to \214nish, and the return status is 0.)-.1 F .375
+(Commands sepa-)5.375 F .848(rated by a)108 516 R F1(;)3.348 E F0 .848
+(are e)3.348 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .848(cuted sequentially; the shell w).15 F
+.849(aits for each command to terminate in turn.)-.1 F .849(The return)
+5.849 F(status is the e)108 528 Q(xit status of the last command e)-.15
E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E .937(AND and OR lists are sequences of on\
-e of more pipelines separated by the)108 544.8 R F1(&&)3.437 E F0(and)
-3.437 E F1(||)3.437 E F0 .937(control operators,)3.437 F(respecti)108
+e of more pipelines separated by the)108 544.8 R F1(&&)3.436 E F0(and)
+3.436 E F1(||)3.436 E F0 .936(control operators,)3.436 F(respecti)108
556.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5(.A)-.65 G(ND and OR lists are e)-5 E
-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted with left associati).15 E(vity)-.25 E 5(.A)-.65 G
2.5(nA)-5 G(ND list has the form)-2.5 E F2(command1)144 573.6 Q F1(&&)
-.15 G(cuted if, and only if,).15 E F2(command1)2.7 E F0(returns an e)
2.5 E(xit status of zero.)-.15 E(An OR list has the form)108 607.2 Q F2
(command1)144 624 Q F1(||)2.5 E F2(command2)2.5 E(command2)108.2 645.6 Q
-F0 .729(is e)3.249 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .729(cuted if and only if).15 F F2
+F0 .728(is e)3.248 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .729(cuted if and only if).15 F F2
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-(Conditional operators such as)6.081 F F3<ad66>3.581 E F0
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-.198(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 F(The)5.198 E 1.068
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144 410.4 Q 2.5(yp)-.15 G(art of the pattern may be quoted to force the\
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(An additional binary operator)144 428.4 R(,)-.4 E F3(=~)2.743 E F0
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-(ince normal quoting characters lose their meanings between brack)-4.436
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-(luated according to the rules described belo).25 F 3.735(wu)-.25 G
-(nder)-3.735 E F3 .561(ARITHMETIC EV)144 213.6 R(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)
--.54 G(ION).855 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .561(The arithmetic e)
-5.061 F(xpression)-.15 E F2 -.2(ex)3.061 G(pr2).2 E F0 .562(is then e)
-3.062 F -.25(va)-.25 G .562(luated repeatedly until).25 F .592(it e)144
-225.6 R -.25(va)-.25 G .592(luates to zero.).25 F .592(Each time)5.592 F
+(list)2.5 E F0(;)2.5 E F1(done)2.5 E F0 1.235(First, the arithmetic e)
+144 201.6 R(xpression)-.15 E F2 -.2(ex)3.735 G(pr1).2 E F0 1.235(is e)
+3.735 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.236
+(luated according to the rules described belo).25 F 3.736(wu)-.25 G
+(nder)-3.736 E F3 .562(ARITHMETIC EV)144 213.6 R(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)
+-.54 G(ION).855 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .562(The arithmetic e)
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+3.061 F -.25(va)-.25 G .561(luated repeatedly until).25 F .591(it e)144
+225.6 R -.25(va)-.25 G .591(luates to zero.).25 F .592(Each time)5.591 F
F2 -.2(ex)3.092 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.25(eva)3.092 G .592
-(luates to a non-zero v).25 F(alue,)-.25 E F2(list)3.092 E F0 .591(is e)
-3.092 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .591(cuted and the arith-).15 F .228(metic e)144
-237.6 R(xpression)-.15 E F2 -.2(ex)2.728 G(pr3).2 E F0 .229(is e)2.728 F
+(luates to a non-zero v).25 F(alue,)-.25 E F2(list)3.092 E F0 .592(is e)
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-.25(va)-.25 G 2.729(luated. If).25 F(an)2.729 E 2.729(ye)-.15 G .229
(xpression is omitted, it beha)-2.879 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.729(sa).15 G
-2.729(si)-2.729 G 2.729(fi)-2.729 G 2.729(te)-2.729 G -.25(va)-2.979 G
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-.15 F .227(alse if an)-.1 F 2.727(yo)-.15 G 2.727(ft)-2.727 G(he)-2.727
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E -.15(ex)144 261.6 S(pressions is in).15 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid.).25 E F1
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-.432(The list of w)144 290.4 R .432(ords follo)-.1 F(wing)-.25 E F1(in)
-2.932 E F0 .432(is e)2.932 F .432(xpanded, generating a list of items.)
--.15 F .433(The set of e)5.433 F .433(xpanded w)-.15 F(ords)-.1 E .843
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(is printed on the standard error)144 302.4 R 3.342(,e)-.4 G .842
(ach preceded by a number)-3.342 F 5.842(.I)-.55 G 3.342(ft)-5.842 G(he)
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+(is omitted, the posi-)3.343 F .201(tional parameters are printed \(see)
144 314.4 R F3 -.666(PA)2.701 G(RAMETERS).666 E F0(belo)2.451 E 2.701
(w\). The)-.25 F F3(PS3)2.701 E F0 .201(prompt is then displayed and a)
-2.451 F .214(line read from the standard input.)144 326.4 R .213
-(If the line consists of a number corresponding to one of the dis-)5.214
-F 1.537(played w)144 338.4 R 1.537(ords, then the v)-.1 F 1.537(alue of)
--.25 F F2(name)4.397 E F0 1.537(is set to that w)4.217 F 4.037(ord. If)
--.1 F 1.538(the line is empty)4.038 F 4.038(,t)-.65 G 1.538(he w)-4.038
-F 1.538(ords and)-.1 F .066(prompt are displayed ag)144 350.4 R 2.566
-(ain. If)-.05 F .065(EOF is read, the command completes.)2.566 F(An)
-5.065 E 2.565(yo)-.15 G .065(ther v)-2.565 F .065(alue read causes)-.25
-F F2(name)144 362.4 Q F0 .972(to be set to null.)3.652 F .972
-(The line read is sa)5.972 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.473(di).15 G 3.473(nt)
--3.473 G .973(he v)-3.473 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(REPL)3.473 E(Y)-.828 E F4
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-.973(cuted after).15 F .072(each selection until a)144 374.4 R F1(br)
+2.451 F .213(line read from the standard input.)144 326.4 R .213
+(If the line consists of a number corresponding to one of the dis-)5.213
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+(ain. If)-.05 F .065(EOF is read, the command completes.)2.565 F(An)
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2.571 E(eak)-.18 E F0 .071(command is e)2.571 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.571
(cuted. The).15 F -.15(ex)2.571 G .071(it status of).15 F F1(select)
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(last command e)144 386.4 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted in).15 E F2(list)2.5 E
F0 2.5(,o).68 G 2.5(rz)-2.5 G(ero if no commands were e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)
-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(case)108 403.2 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F1(in)2.5
E F0 2.5([[)2.5 G(\(])-2.5 E F2(pattern)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(|)2.5 E F2
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-(command \214rst e)3.264 F(xpands)-.15 E F2(wor)3.264 E(d)-.37 E F0
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3.264(,a)C .764(nd tries to match it ag)-3.264 F .764(ainst each)-.05 F
-F2(pattern)3.264 E F0 .765(in turn, using the)3.264 F .596
+F2(pattern)3.264 E F0 .764(in turn, using the)3.264 F .595
(same matching rules as for pathname e)144 427.2 R .595(xpansion \(see)
--.15 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.095 G .595(thname Expansion).1 F F0(belo)3.095 E
-3.095(w\). The)-.25 F F2(wor)3.095 E(d)-.37 E F0(is)3.095 E -.15(ex)144
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-(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F 1.092(ariable e)-.25 F 1.092
-(xpansion, arithmetic substitution, com-)-.15 F 1.268
+-.15 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.095 G .596(thname Expansion).1 F F0(belo)3.096 E
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+(xpansion, com-)-.15 F 1.268
(mand substitution, process substitution and quote remo)144 451.2 R -.25
(va)-.15 G 3.768(l. Each).25 F F2(pattern)3.768 E F0 -.15(ex)3.768 G
-1.268(amined is e).15 F(xpanded)-.15 E .353(using tilde e)144 463.2 R
-.353(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .353(ariable e)-.25 F .353
-(xpansion, arithmetic substitution, command substi-)-.15 F 1.517
-(tution, and process substitution.)144 475.2 R 1.517
-(If the shell option)6.517 F F1(nocasematch)4.016 E F0 1.516
-(is enabled, the match is per)4.016 F(-)-.2 E 1.346(formed without re)
-144 487.2 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 1.346
-(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 F 1.347
-(When a match is found, the corre-)6.347 F(sponding)144 499.2 Q F2(list)
-2.777 E F0 .277(is e)2.777 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.777(cuted. If).15 F(the)
-2.777 E F1(;;)2.777 E F0 .277
-(operator is used, no subsequent matches are attempted after the)2.777 F
-.848(\214rst pattern match.)144 511.2 R(Using)5.848 E F1(;&)3.348 E F0
-.849(in place of)3.349 F F1(;;)3.349 E F0 .849(causes e)3.349 F -.15(xe)
--.15 G .849(cution to continue with the).15 F F2(list)3.349 E F0
-(associated)3.349 E .078(with the ne)144 523.2 R .078
-(xt set of patterns.)-.15 F(Using)5.078 E F1(;;&)2.578 E F0 .078
-(in place of)2.578 F F1(;;)2.578 E F0 .077
-(causes the shell to test the ne)2.578 F .077(xt pattern list in)-.15 F
-.227(the statement, if an)144 535.2 R 1.527 -.65(y, a)-.15 H .227(nd e)
-.65 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .227(cute an).15 F 2.727(ya)-.15 G(ssociated)-2.727
-E F2(list)2.727 E F0 .227(on a successful match.)2.727 F .227(The e)
-5.227 F .227(xit status is zero)-.15 F(if no pattern matches.)144 547.2
-Q(Otherwise, it is the e)5 E(xit status of the last command e)-.15 E
--.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted in).15 E F2(list)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(if)108 564 Q F2
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-2.978 E F2(list)3.068 E F0 .478(is e)3.658 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.978
+1.269(amined is e).15 F(xpanded)-.15 E .203(using tilde e)144 463.2 R
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+(xpansion, arithmetic e)-.15 F .203(xpansion, command substitu-)-.15 F
+.232(tion, and process substitution.)144 475.2 R .233
+(If the shell option)5.233 F F1(nocasematch)2.733 E F0 .233
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+(When a match is found, the corresponding)5.234 F F2(list)2.734 E F0
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+(xt pattern list in the state-)-.15 F .878(ment, if an)144 535.2 R 2.178
+-.65(y, a)-.15 H .878(nd e).65 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .878(cute an).15 F 3.378
+(ya)-.15 G(ssociated)-3.378 E F2(list)3.378 E F0 .878
+(on a successful match.)3.378 F .878(The e)5.878 F .877
+(xit status is zero if no)-.15 F(pattern matches.)144 547.2 Q
+(Otherwise, it is the e)5 E(xit status of the last command e)-.15 E -.15
+(xe)-.15 G(cuted in).15 E F2(list)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(if)108 564 Q F2(list)
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-E F0 1.087(is e)144 588 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.087
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(cuted, if present.).15 F .103(The e)5.103 F .103(xit status is the e)
--.15 F .103(xit sta-)-.15 F(tus of the last command e)144 612 Q -.15(xe)
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-/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(copr)3.712 E(ocess)-.45 E F0 1.212
-(is a shell command preceded by the)3.712 F F1(copr)3.713 E(oc)-.18 E F0
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F F2 .64(simple command)3.14 F F0 .64(\(see abo)3.14 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
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194.4 S 1.44(rd of the simple command.).1 F 1.44
(When the coprocess is e)6.44 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.44
(cuted, the shell creates an array v).15 F 1.44(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1
-(Arrays)108 206.4 Q F0(belo)3.671 E 1.171(w\) named)-.25 F F2 -.27(NA)
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-(it status of a function de\214nition is zero unless a syntax error).15
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--.15(ve s)-.25 H .982(hell in which the).15 F F1(interacti)3.482 E -.1
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-108 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting at the time of the trap.).15 E F1 -.3(BA)108
-120 S(SH_EXECUTION_STRING).3 E F0(The command ar)144 132 Q
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(gument to the)-.18 E F1<ad63>2.5 E F0(in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G
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(if referenced within another shell function\).)2.615 F(Use)5.115 E F2
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-F3(n)3.497 E F0 .997(th parenthesized sube)B(xpres-)-.15 E 2.5
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-(The current command line.)144 582 R 1.208(This v)6.208 F 1.208
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+(function to be called:)144 108 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.5(TA)2.837 G
+(B).5 E F0 2.837(,f)C .337(or normal completion,)-2.837 F F2(?)2.837 E
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+(or listing alternati)-4.091 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.092(so).15 G 4.092(np)
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+(ilable only in shell functions and).25 F -.15(ex)144 144 S 2.928
+(ternal commands in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.429(db).1 G 5.429
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+156 Q F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COMP_W)108 168 Q(ORDBREAKS)-.1 E F0
+1.336(The set of characters that the)144 180 R F1 -.18(re)3.836 G
+(adline).18 E F0 1.336(library treats as w)3.836 F 1.335
+(ord separators when performing w)-.1 F(ord)-.1 E 3.125(completion. If)
+144 192 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)3.125 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F0 .626
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+(ubse-)-3.126 E(quently reset.)144 204 Q F1(COMP_W)108 216 Q(ORDS)-.1 E
+F0 .654(An array v)144 228 R .654(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)3.154 E
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1.832(line is split into w)4.332 F 1.832(ords as)-.1 F F1 -.18(re)4.332
-G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(wo)4.332 G 1.832(uld split it, using).1 F F2
-(COMP_W)4.332 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F0(as)4.082 E .831(described abo)144
-192 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.831(.T).15 G .831(his v)-5.831 F .831
-(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .832
-(ilable only in shell functions in).25 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.332
-(db).1 G 3.332(yt)-3.332 G .832(he programmable)-3.332 F(completion f)
-144 204 Q(acilities \(see)-.1 E F1(Pr)2.5 E(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E
-F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COPR)108 216 Q(OC)-.3 E F0 .169(An array v)
-144 228 R .169(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.669 E F0(belo)2.669 E
+G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(wo)4.332 G 1.832(uld split it, using).1 F F3
+(COMP_W)4.332 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F0(as)4.083 E .832(described abo)144
+252 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.832(.T).15 G .832(his v)-5.832 F .832
+(ariable is a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .831
+(ilable only in shell functions in).25 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.331
+(db).1 G 3.331(yt)-3.331 G .831(he programmable)-3.331 F(completion f)
+144 264 Q(acilities \(see)-.1 E F1(Pr)2.5 E(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E
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+144 288 R .168(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.668 E F0(belo)2.669 E
.169
(w\) created to hold the \214le descriptors for output from and input)
--.25 F(to an unnamed coprocess \(see)144 240 Q F1(Copr)2.5 E(ocesses)
--.18 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(DIRST)108 252 Q -.55(AC)
--.9 G(K).55 E F0 2.26(An array v)144 264 R 2.26(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1
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+-.9 G(K).55 E F0 2.26(An array v)144 324 R 2.26(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1
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(w\) containing the current contents of the directory stack.)-.25 F
-1.095(Directories appear in the stack in the order the)144 276 R 3.594
-(ya)-.15 G 1.094(re displayed by the)-3.594 F F1(dirs)3.594 E F0 -.2(bu)
-3.594 G 3.594(iltin. Assigning).2 F(to)3.594 E 1.431
-(members of this array v)144 288 R 1.432
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+(members of this array v)144 348 R 1.432
(ariable may be used to modify directories already in the stack, b)-.25
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-(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.6 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.851
-(ni).15 G(f)-2.851 E(it is subsequently reset.)144 324 Q F1(EUID)108 336
-Q F0 1.104(Expands to the ef)11 F(fecti)-.25 E 1.403 -.15(ve u)-.25 H
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(ariable containing the names of all shell functions currently in the e)
--.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .479(cution call stack.).15 F .277
-(The element with inde)144 384 R 2.777(x0i)-.15 G 2.777(st)-2.777 G .276
-(he name of an)-2.777 F 2.776(yc)-.15 G(urrently-e)-2.776 E -.15(xe)-.15
-G .276(cuting shell function.).15 F .276(The bottom-most)5.276 F .384
-(element \(the one with the highest inde)144 396 R .384(x\) is)-.15 F/F3
-10/Courier@0 SF("main")2.884 E F0 5.384(.T)C .384(his v)-5.384 F .385
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+(The element with inde)144 444 R 2.776(x0i)-.15 G 2.776(st)-2.776 G .276
+(he name of an)-2.776 F 2.777(yc)-.15 G(urrently-e)-2.777 E -.15(xe)-.15
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+(element \(the one with the highest inde)144 456 R .384(x\) is)-.15 F/F4
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+(ariable e)-.25 F .384(xists only when a shell func-)-.15 F .034
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2.535(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.535 G .035(ect and return an error status.).25
-F(If)5.034 E F2(FUNC-)2.534 E -.18(NA)144 420 S(ME).18 E F0
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(is unset, it loses its special properties, e)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)
--2.5 E .11(This v)144 438 R .111(ariable can be used with)-.25 F F1 -.3
+-2.5 E .111(This v)144 498 R .111(ariable can be used with)-.25 F F1 -.3
(BA)2.611 G(SH_LINENO).3 E F0(and)2.611 E F1 -.3(BA)2.611 G(SH_SOURCE).3
-E F0 5.111(.E)C .111(ach element of)-5.111 F F1(FUNC-)2.611 E -.2(NA)144
-450 S(ME).2 E F0 1.404(has corresponding elements in)3.904 F F1 -.3(BA)
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-F0 1.404(to describe the)3.904 F .012(call stack.)144 462 R -.15(Fo)
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5.012 G 2.512(ri).15 G(nstance,)-2.512 E F1(${FUNCN)2.512 E(AME[)-.2 E
-/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF($i)A F1(]})A F0 -.1(wa)2.512 G 2.512(sc).1 G
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-(ASH_LINENO[)-.3 E F4($i)A F1(]})A F0 6.184(.T)C(he)-6.184 E F1(caller)
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(iltin displays the current call stack using).2 F(this information.)144
-486 Q F1(GR)108 498 Q(OUPS)-.3 E F0 1.228(An array v)144 510 R 1.228(ar\
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-3.097 E(OUPS)-.27 E F0(ha)2.847 E .897 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 3.097(oe).15 G
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-.25(ff)-3.097 G .597(ect and return an error status.).25 F(If)5.597 E
-F2(GR)3.097 E(OUPS)-.27 E F0 .597(is unset, it loses its spe-)2.847 F
-(cial properties, e)144 534 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G
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-Q F0 .355(The history number)144 558 R 2.855(,o)-.4 G 2.855(ri)-2.855 G
-(nde)-2.855 E 2.856(xi)-.15 G 2.856(nt)-2.856 G .356
-(he history list, of the current command.)-2.856 F(If)5.356 E F2
-(HISTCMD)2.856 E F0 .356(is unset, it)2.606 F
-(loses its special properties, e)144 570 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G
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+(cial properties, e)144 594 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5 G
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+Q F0 .356(The history number)144 618 R 2.856(,o)-.4 G 2.856(ri)-2.856 G
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+(he history list, of the current command.)-2.856 F(If)5.356 E F3
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+(loses its special properties, e)144 630 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G
2.5(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1
-(HOSTN)108 582 Q(AME)-.2 E F0
-(Automatically set to the name of the current host.)144 594 Q F1
-(HOSTTYPE)108 606 Q F0 .223(Automatically set to a string that uniquely\
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-.222(is e)2.722 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E 2.5(ing. The)144 630 R(def)
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+(Automatically set to the name of the current host.)144 654 Q F1
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-(When not in a script or)5.078 F .306(function, the v)144 678 R .306
-(alue substituted is not guaranteed to be meaningful.)-.25 F(If)5.307 E
-F2(LINENO)2.807 E F0 .307(is unset, it loses its)2.557 F
-(special properties, e)144 690 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fi)-2.5
-G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E F1(MA)108 702 Q
-(CHTYPE)-.55 E F0 .898(Automatically set to a string that fully describ\
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-F -.15(xe)-.15 G .898(cuting, in).15 F(the standard GNU)144 726 Q F4
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-(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2014 February 2)
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-R .293(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1(Arrays)2.793 E F0(belo)2.793 E .293
-(w\) created to hold the te)-.25 F .294(xt read by the)-.15 F F1
-(map\214le)2.794 E F0 -.2(bu)2.794 G .294(iltin when no).2 F -.25(va)144
-108 S(riable name is supplied.).25 E F1(OLDPWD)108 120 Q F0(The pre)144
-132 Q(vious w)-.25 E(orking directory as set by the)-.1 E F1(cd)2.5 E F0
-(command.)2.5 E F1(OPT)108 144 Q(ARG)-.9 E F0 1.627(The v)144 156 R
+-.35 E .307(function, the v)144 84 R .307
+(alue substituted is not guaranteed to be meaningful.)-.25 F(If)5.306 E
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+2.556 F(special properties, e)144 96 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5
+(fi)-2.5 G 2.5(ti)-2.5 G 2.5(ss)-2.5 G(ubsequently reset.)-2.5 E/F2 10
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+o a string that fully describes the system type on which)144 120 R F2
+(bash)3.398 E F0 .899(is e)3.398 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .899(cuting, in).15 F
+(the standard GNU)144 132 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(cpu-company-system)
+2.5 E F0 2.5(format. The)2.5 F(def)2.5 E(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E
+F2(MAPFILE)108 144 Q F0 .294(An array v)144 156 R .294(ariable \(see)
+-.25 F F2(Arrays)2.794 E F0(belo)2.794 E .294
+(w\) created to hold the te)-.25 F .293(xt read by the)-.15 F F2
+(map\214le)2.793 E F0 -.2(bu)2.793 G .293(iltin when no).2 F -.25(va)144
+168 S(riable name is supplied.).25 E F2(OLDPWD)108 180 Q F0(The pre)144
+192 Q(vious w)-.25 E(orking directory as set by the)-.1 E F2(cd)2.5 E F0
+(command.)2.5 E F2(OPT)108 204 Q(ARG)-.9 E F0 1.626(The v)144 216 R
1.627(alue of the last option ar)-.25 F 1.627(gument processed by the)
--.18 F F1(getopts)4.127 E F0 -.2(bu)4.127 G 1.626(iltin command \(see).2
-F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL)4.126 E -.09(BU)144 168 S(IL).09 E
-(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(OPTIND)108 180 Q F0
-1.651(The inde)144 192 R 4.151(xo)-.15 G 4.151(ft)-4.151 G 1.651(he ne)
--4.151 F 1.651(xt ar)-.15 F 1.652(gument to be processed by the)-.18 F
-F1(getopts)4.152 E F0 -.2(bu)4.152 G 1.652(iltin command \(see).2 F F2
-(SHELL)4.152 E -.09(BU)144 204 S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)
-2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(OSTYPE)108 216 Q F0 .329(Automatically set to a s\
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-2.829 E F0 .329(is e)2.829 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.829(cuting. The).15 F(def)
-144 240 Q(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F1(PIPEST)108 252 Q -.95(AT)
--.9 G(US).95 E F0 .61(An array v)144 264 R .61(ariable \(see)-.25 F F1
-(Arrays)3.11 E F0(belo)3.11 E .61(w\) containing a list of e)-.25 F .61
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+264 S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F2
+(OSTYPE)108 276 Q F0 .329(Automatically set to a string that describes \
+the operating system on which)144 288 R F2(bash)2.83 E F0 .33(is e)2.83
+F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.83(cuting. The).15 F(def)144 300 Q
+(ault is system-dependent.)-.1 E F2(PIPEST)108 312 Q -.95(AT)-.9 G(US)
+.95 E F0 .61(An array v)144 324 R .61(ariable \(see)-.25 F F2(Arrays)
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(xit status v)-.15 F .61(alues from the processes in)-.25 F
-(the most-recently-e)144 276 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted fore).15 E
-(ground pipeline \(which may contain only a single command\).)-.15 E F1
-(PPID)108 288 Q F0(The process ID of the shell')12.67 E 2.5(sp)-.55 G
+(the most-recently-e)144 336 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted fore).15 E
+(ground pipeline \(which may contain only a single command\).)-.15 E F2
+(PPID)108 348 Q F0(The process ID of the shell')12.67 E 2.5(sp)-.55 G
2.5(arent. This)-2.5 F -.25(va)2.5 G(riable is readonly).25 E(.)-.65 E
-F1(PWD)108 300 Q F0(The current w)12.67 E
-(orking directory as set by the)-.1 E F1(cd)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E F1
-(RANDOM)108 312 Q F0 .566
-(Each time this parameter is referenced, a random inte)144 324 R .565
-(ger between 0 and 32767 is generated.)-.15 F(The)5.565 E .01
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+(On systems that can support it, there is an additional e)108 324 R .257
+(xpansion a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable:).25 E F2(pr)2.757 E .257
+(ocess substitution)-.45 F F0 5.257(.T)C .257(his is per)-5.257 F(-)-.2
+E(formed at the same time as tilde, parameter)108 336 Q 2.5(,v)-.4 G
(ariable, and arithmetic e)-2.75 E(xpansion and command substitution.)
--.15 E 1.486(Only brace e)108 259.2 R 1.486(xpansion, w)-.15 F 1.486
+-.15 E 1.487(Only brace e)108 352.8 R 1.487(xpansion, w)-.15 F 1.487
(ord splitting, and pathname e)-.1 F 1.487
-(xpansion can change the number of w)-.15 F 1.487(ords of the)-.1 F -.15
-(ex)108 271.2 S 1.165(pansion; other e).15 F 1.165(xpansions e)-.15 F
-1.165(xpand a single w)-.15 F 1.165(ord to a single w)-.1 F 3.665
-(ord. The)-.1 F 1.164(only e)3.665 F 1.164(xceptions to this are the)
--.15 F -.15(ex)108 283.2 S(pansions of ").15 E F1($@)A F0 2.5("a)C(nd ")
--2.5 E F1(${)A F3(name)A F1([@]})A F0 2.5("a)C 2.5(se)-2.5 G
+(xpansion can change the number of w)-.15 F 1.486(ords of the)-.1 F -.15
+(ex)108 364.8 S 1.164(pansion; other e).15 F 1.164(xpansions e)-.15 F
+1.164(xpand a single w)-.15 F 1.165(ord to a single w)-.1 F 3.665
+(ord. The)-.1 F 1.165(only e)3.665 F 1.165(xceptions to this are the)
+-.15 F -.15(ex)108 376.8 S(pansions of ").15 E F1($@)A F0 2.5("a)C(nd ")
+-2.5 E F1(${)A F2(name)A F1([@]})A F0 2.5("a)C 2.5(se)-2.5 G
(xplained abo)-2.65 E .3 -.15(ve \()-.15 H(see).15 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0
SF -.666(PA)2.5 G(RAMETERS).666 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(\).)A F1
-(Brace Expansion)87 300 Q F3(Br)108.58 312 Q .606(ace e)-.15 F(xpansion)
--.2 E F0 .606
+(Brace Expansion)87 393.6 Q F2(Br)108.58 405.6 Q .606(ace e)-.15 F
+(xpansion)-.2 E F0 .606
(is a mechanism by which arbitrary strings may be generated.)3.346 F
-.606(This mechanism is similar)5.606 F(to)108 324 Q F3 .415(pathname e)
-2.915 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 2.915(,b)C .415
+.606(This mechanism is similar)5.606 F(to)108 417.6 Q F2 .415
+(pathname e)2.915 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 2.915(,b)C .415
(ut the \214lenames generated need not e)-3.115 F 2.915(xist. P)-.15 F
.415(atterns to be brace e)-.15 F .415(xpanded tak)-.15 F 2.915(et)-.1 G
-(he)-2.915 E .151(form of an optional)108 336 R F3(pr)2.651 E(eamble)
+(he)-2.915 E .152(form of an optional)108 429.6 R F2(pr)2.652 E(eamble)
-.37 E F0 2.651(,f).18 G(ollo)-2.651 E .151
(wed by either a series of comma-separated strings or a sequence e)-.25
-F(xpres-)-.15 E .563(sion between a pair of braces, follo)108 348 R .563
-(wed by an optional)-.25 F F3(postscript)3.063 E F0 5.563(.T).68 G .563
-(he preamble is pre\214x)-5.563 F .563(ed to each string)-.15 F .659(co\
-ntained within the braces, and the postscript is then appended to each \
-resulting string, e)108 360 R .659(xpanding left to)-.15 F(right.)108
-372 Q .719(Brace e)108 388.8 R .719(xpansions may be nested.)-.15 F .719
-(The results of each e)5.719 F .719
+F(xpres-)-.15 E .563(sion between a pair of braces, follo)108 441.6 R
+.563(wed by an optional)-.25 F F2(postscript)3.063 E F0 5.563(.T).68 G
+.563(he preamble is pre\214x)-5.563 F .563(ed to each string)-.15 F .659
+(contained within the braces, and the postscript is then appended to ea\
+ch resulting string, e)108 453.6 R .658(xpanding left to)-.15 F(right.)
+108 465.6 Q .718(Brace e)108 482.4 R .719(xpansions may be nested.)-.15
+F .719(The results of each e)5.719 F .719
(xpanded string are not sorted; left to right order is)-.15 F(preserv)
-108 400.8 Q 2.5(ed. F)-.15 F(or e)-.15 E(xample, a)-.15 E F1({)A F0
-(d,c,b)A F1(})A F0 2.5(ee)C(xpands into `ade ace abe'.)-2.65 E 3.242(As)
-108 417.6 S .742(equence e)-3.242 F .742(xpression tak)-.15 F .742
-(es the form)-.1 F F1({)3.242 E F3(x)A F1(..)A F3(y)A F1([..)A F3(incr)A
-F1(]})A F0 3.242(,w)C(here)-3.242 E F3(x)3.242 E F0(and)3.243 E F3(y)
-3.243 E F0 .743(are either inte)3.243 F .743(gers or single characters,)
--.15 F(and)108 429.6 Q F3(incr)3.032 E F0 3.032(,a)C 3.032(no)-3.032 G
+108 494.4 Q 2.5(ed. F)-.15 F(or e)-.15 E(xample, a)-.15 E F1({)A F0
+(d,c,b)A F1(})A F0 2.5(ee)C(xpands into `ade ace abe'.)-2.65 E 3.243(As)
+108 511.2 S .743(equence e)-3.243 F .743(xpression tak)-.15 F .743
+(es the form)-.1 F F1({)3.243 E F2(x)A F1(..)A F2(y)A F1([..)A F2(incr)A
+F1(]})A F0 3.243(,w)C(here)-3.243 E F2(x)3.243 E F0(and)3.242 E F2(y)
+3.242 E F0 .742(are either inte)3.242 F .742(gers or single characters,)
+-.15 F(and)108 523.2 Q F2(incr)3.031 E F0 3.031(,a)C 3.032(no)-3.031 G
.532(ptional increment, is an inte)-3.032 F(ger)-.15 E 5.532(.W)-.55 G
.532(hen inte)-5.532 F .532(gers are supplied, the e)-.15 F .532
-(xpression e)-.15 F .531(xpands to each)-.15 F .077(number between)108
-441.6 R F3(x)2.577 E F0(and)2.577 E F3(y)2.577 E F0 2.577(,i)C(nclusi)
--2.577 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.077(.S).15 G .077(upplied inte)-5.077 F .077
-(gers may be pre\214x)-.15 F .077(ed with)-.15 F F3(0)2.577 E F0 .078
-(to force each term to ha)2.578 F .378 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E .015
-(same width.)108 453.6 R .015(When either)5.015 F F3(x)2.515 E F0(or)
-2.515 E F3(y)2.515 E F0(be)2.515 E .014(gins with a zero, the shell att\
+(xpression e)-.15 F .532(xpands to each)-.15 F .078(number between)108
+535.2 R F2(x)2.578 E F0(and)2.578 E F2(y)2.578 E F0 2.578(,i)C(nclusi)
+-2.578 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.078(.S).15 G .078(upplied inte)-5.078 F .077
+(gers may be pre\214x)-.15 F .077(ed with)-.15 F F2(0)2.577 E F0 .077
+(to force each term to ha)2.577 F .377 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E .014
+(same width.)108 547.2 R .014(When either)5.014 F F2(x)2.514 E F0(or)
+2.514 E F2(y)2.514 E F0(be)2.514 E .015(gins with a zero, the shell att\
empts to force all generated terms to contain)-.15 F 1.143
-(the same number of digits, zero-padding where necessary)108 465.6 R
+(the same number of digits, zero-padding where necessary)108 559.2 R
6.143(.W)-.65 G 1.143(hen characters are supplied, the e)-6.143 F
-(xpression)-.15 E -.15(ex)108 477.6 S 1.064(pands to each character le)
-.15 F 1.064(xicographically between)-.15 F F3(x)3.564 E F0(and)3.564 E
-F3(y)3.564 E F0 3.564(,i)C(nclusi)-3.564 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.564(,u).15 G
-1.064(sing the def)-3.564 F 1.064(ault C locale.)-.1 F(Note)6.064 E .983
-(that both)108 489.6 R F3(x)3.483 E F0(and)3.483 E F3(y)3.483 E F0 .983
-(must be of the same type.)3.483 F .984
+(xpression)-.15 E -.15(ex)108 571.2 S 1.064(pands to each character le)
+.15 F 1.064(xicographically between)-.15 F F2(x)3.564 E F0(and)3.564 E
+F2(y)3.564 E F0 3.564(,i)C(nclusi)-3.564 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.564(,u).15 G
+1.064(sing the def)-3.564 F 1.064(ault C locale.)-.1 F(Note)6.064 E .984
+(that both)108 583.2 R F2(x)3.484 E F0(and)3.484 E F2(y)3.484 E F0 .983
+(must be of the same type.)3.484 F .983
(When the increment is supplied, it is used as the dif)5.983 F(ference)
--.25 E(between each term.)108 501.6 Q(The def)5 E
-(ault increment is 1 or -1 as appropriate.)-.1 E .582(Brace e)108 518.4
-R .582(xpansion is performed before an)-.15 F 3.082(yo)-.15 G .581
-(ther e)-3.082 F .581(xpansions, and an)-.15 F 3.081(yc)-.15 G .581
-(haracters special to other e)-3.081 F(xpansions)-.15 E .015
-(are preserv)108 530.4 R .015(ed in the result.)-.15 F .015
-(It is strictly te)5.015 F(xtual.)-.15 E F1(Bash)5.016 E F0 .016
-(does not apply an)2.516 F 2.516(ys)-.15 G .016
-(yntactic interpretation to the con-)-2.516 F(te)108 542.4 Q
-(xt of the e)-.15 E(xpansion or the te)-.15 E(xt between the braces.)
--.15 E 3.633(Ac)108 559.2 S 1.133(orrectly-formed brace e)-3.633 F 1.132
-(xpansion must contain unquoted opening and closing braces, and at leas\
-t one)-.15 F 3.44(unquoted comma or a v)108 571.2 R 3.441
-(alid sequence e)-.25 F 5.941(xpression. An)-.15 F 5.941(yi)-.15 G 3.441
-(ncorrectly formed brace e)-5.941 F 3.441(xpansion is left)-.15 F 2.755
-(unchanged. A)108 583.2 R F1({)2.755 E F0(or)2.755 E F1(,)2.755 E F0
+-.25 E(between each term.)108 595.2 Q(The def)5 E
+(ault increment is 1 or -1 as appropriate.)-.1 E .581(Brace e)108 612 R
+.581(xpansion is performed before an)-.15 F 3.081(yo)-.15 G .581(ther e)
+-3.081 F .581(xpansions, and an)-.15 F 3.082(yc)-.15 G .582
+(haracters special to other e)-3.082 F(xpansions)-.15 E .016
+(are preserv)108 624 R .016(ed in the result.)-.15 F .016
+(It is strictly te)5.016 F(xtual.)-.15 E F1(Bash)5.016 E F0 .015
+(does not apply an)2.516 F 2.515(ys)-.15 G .015
+(yntactic interpretation to the con-)-2.515 F(te)108 636 Q(xt of the e)
+-.15 E(xpansion or the te)-.15 E(xt between the braces.)-.15 E 3.632(Ac)
+108 652.8 S 1.132(orrectly-formed brace e)-3.632 F 1.132(xpansion must \
+contain unquoted opening and closing braces, and at least one)-.15 F
+3.441(unquoted comma or a v)108 664.8 R 3.441(alid sequence e)-.25 F
+5.941(xpression. An)-.15 F 5.941(yi)-.15 G 3.441
+(ncorrectly formed brace e)-5.941 F 3.44(xpansion is left)-.15 F 2.755
+(unchanged. A)108 676.8 R F1({)2.755 E F0(or)2.755 E F1(,)2.755 E F0
.255(may be quoted with a backslash to pre)2.755 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .255
-(nt its being considered part of a brace e).15 F(xpres-)-.15 E 2.91
-(sion. T)108 595.2 R 2.91(oa)-.8 G -.2(vo)-3.11 G .41
+(nt its being considered part of a brace e).15 F(xpres-)-.15 E 2.911
+(sion. T)108 688.8 R 2.911(oa)-.8 G -.2(vo)-3.111 G .411
(id con\215icts with parameter e).2 F .411(xpansion, the string)-.15 F
-F1(${)2.911 E F0 .411(is not considered eligible for brace e)2.911 F
-(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)108 607.2 Q 1.476(This construct is typically used \
+F1(${)2.911 E F0 .41(is not considered eligible for brace e)2.911 F
+(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)108 700.8 Q 1.476(This construct is typically used \
as shorthand when the common pre\214x of the strings to be generated is)
-108 624 R(longer than in the abo)108 636 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H(ample:)
-.15 E(mkdir /usr/local/src/bash/{old,ne)144 652.8 Q -.65(w,)-.25 G
-(dist,b).65 E(ugs})-.2 E(or)108 664.8 Q(cho)144 676.8 Q
-(wn root /usr/{ucb/{e)-.25 E(x,edit},lib/{e)-.15 E(x?.?*,ho)-.15 E(w_e)
--.25 E(x}})-.15 E .618(Brace e)108 693.6 R .618
-(xpansion introduces a slight incompatibility with historical v)-.15 F
-.618(ersions of)-.15 F F1(sh)3.118 E F0(.)A F1(sh)5.618 E F0 .618
-(does not treat open-)3.118 F .248
-(ing or closing braces specially when the)108 705.6 R 2.748(ya)-.15 G
-.247(ppear as part of a w)-2.748 F .247(ord, and preserv)-.1 F .247
-(es them in the output.)-.15 F F1(Bash)5.247 E F0(remo)108 717.6 Q -.15
-(ve)-.15 G 3.53(sb).15 G 1.03(races from w)-3.53 F 1.03
-(ords as a consequence of brace e)-.1 F 3.53(xpansion. F)-.15 F 1.03
-(or e)-.15 F 1.03(xample, a w)-.15 F 1.03(ord entered to)-.1 F F1(sh)
-3.53 E F0(as)3.53 E F3(\214le{1,2})108 729.6 Q F0 .515
-(appears identically in the output.)3.015 F .515(The same w)5.515 F .515
-(ord is output as)-.1 F F3 .514(\214le1 \214le2)4.925 F F0 .514(after e)
-3.034 F .514(xpansion by)-.15 F F1(bash)3.014 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 4.3)72
-768 Q(2014 February 2)141.79 E(19)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
+108 717.6 R(longer than in the abo)108 729.6 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H
+(ample:).15 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2014 August 27)142.895 E(19)192.055
+E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E .436(If strict compatibility with)108 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
-(sh)2.936 E F0 .436(is desired, start)2.936 F F1(bash)2.936 E F0 .436
-(with the)2.936 F F1(+B)2.936 E F0 .436(option or disable brace e)2.936
-F .437(xpansion with the)-.15 F F1(+B)108 96 Q F0(option to the)2.5 E F1
-(set)2.5 E F0(command \(see)2.5 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E
+-.35 E(mkdir /usr/local/src/bash/{old,ne)144 84 Q -.65(w,)-.25 G(dist,b)
+.65 E(ugs})-.2 E(or)108 96 Q(cho)144 108 Q(wn root /usr/{ucb/{e)-.25 E
+(x,edit},lib/{e)-.15 E(x?.?*,ho)-.15 E(w_e)-.25 E(x}})-.15 E .618
+(Brace e)108 124.8 R .618
+(xpansion introduces a slight incompatibility with historical v)-.15 F
+.618(ersions of)-.15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(sh)3.118 E F0(.)A F1(sh)
+5.618 E F0 .618(does not treat open-)3.118 F .247
+(ing or closing braces specially when the)108 136.8 R 2.747(ya)-.15 G
+.247(ppear as part of a w)-2.747 F .248(ord, and preserv)-.1 F .248
+(es them in the output.)-.15 F F1(Bash)5.248 E F0(remo)108 148.8 Q -.15
+(ve)-.15 G 3.53(sb).15 G 1.03(races from w)-3.53 F 1.03
+(ords as a consequence of brace e)-.1 F 3.53(xpansion. F)-.15 F 1.03
+(or e)-.15 F 1.03(xample, a w)-.15 F 1.03(ord entered to)-.1 F F1(sh)
+3.53 E F0(as)3.53 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214le{1,2})108 160.8 Q F0
+.514(appears identically in the output.)3.014 F .515(The same w)5.515 F
+.515(ord is output as)-.1 F F2 .515(\214le1 \214le2)4.925 F F0 .515
+(after e)3.035 F .515(xpansion by)-.15 F F1(bash)3.015 E F0(.)A .437
+(If strict compatibility with)108 172.8 R F1(sh)2.936 E F0 .436
+(is desired, start)2.936 F F1(bash)2.936 E F0 .436(with the)2.936 F F1
+(+B)2.936 E F0 .436(option or disable brace e)2.936 F .436
+(xpansion with the)-.15 F F1(+B)108 184.8 Q F0(option to the)2.5 E F1
+(set)2.5 E F0(command \(see)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E
(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1 -.18(Ti)
-87 112.8 S(lde Expansion).18 E F0 1.087(If a w)108 124.8 R 1.087(ord be)
--.1 F 1.087(gins with an unquoted tilde character \(`)-.15 F F1(~)A F0
-1.086('\), all of the characters preceding the \214rst unquoted)B .185(\
+87 201.6 S(lde Expansion).18 E F0 1.086(If a w)108 213.6 R 1.086(ord be)
+-.1 F 1.086(gins with an unquoted tilde character \(`)-.15 F F1(~)A F0
+1.087('\), all of the characters preceding the \214rst unquoted)B .185(\
slash \(or all characters, if there is no unquoted slash\) are consider\
-ed a)108 136.8 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(tilde-pr)2.685 E(e\214x)-.37 E
-F0 5.185(.I)C 2.685(fn)-5.185 G .185(one of the characters)-2.685 F .726
-(in the tilde-pre\214x are quoted, the characters in the tilde-pre\214x\
- follo)108 148.8 R .725(wing the tilde are treated as a possible)-.25 F
-F3(lo)108 160.8 Q .522(gin name)-.1 F F0 5.522(.I)C 3.022(ft)-5.522 G
-.522
+ed a)108 225.6 R F2(tilde-pr)2.685 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.185(.I)C 2.685
+(fn)-5.185 G .185(one of the characters)-2.685 F .725(in the tilde-pre\
+\214x are quoted, the characters in the tilde-pre\214x follo)108 237.6 R
+.726(wing the tilde are treated as a possible)-.25 F F2(lo)108 249.6 Q
+.523(gin name)-.1 F F0 5.523(.I)C 3.023(ft)-5.523 G .523
(his login name is the null string, the tilde is replaced with the v)
--3.022 F .523(alue of the shell parameter)-.25 F F2(HOME)108 172.8 Q/F4
-9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If)4.787 E F2(HOME)2.787 E F0 .287
-(is unset, the home directory of the user e)2.537 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .286
-(cuting the shell is substituted instead.).15 F(Other)5.286 E(-)-.2 E(w\
+-3.023 F .522(alue of the shell parameter)-.25 F F3(HOME)108 261.6 Q/F4
+9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If)4.786 E F3(HOME)2.786 E F0 .287
+(is unset, the home directory of the user e)2.536 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .287
+(cuting the shell is substituted instead.).15 F(Other)5.287 E(-)-.2 E(w\
ise, the tilde-pre\214x is replaced with the home directory associated \
-with the speci\214ed login name.)108 184.8 Q .092
-(If the tilde-pre\214x is a `~+', the v)108 201.6 R .092
-(alue of the shell v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E F2(PWD)2.592 E F0 .092
-(replaces the tilde-pre\214x.)2.342 F .093(If the tilde-pre\214x is)
-5.093 F 3.404(a`)108 213.6 S .904(~\255', the v)-3.404 F .904
-(alue of the shell v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E F2(OLDPWD)3.404 E F4(,)A F0
-.904(if it is set, is substituted.)3.154 F .903(If the characters follo)
-5.903 F .903(wing the)-.25 F 1.641
-(tilde in the tilde-pre\214x consist of a number)108 225.6 R F3(N)4.141
-E F0 4.142(,o)C 1.642(ptionally pre\214x)-4.142 F 1.642
-(ed by a `+' or a `\255', the tilde-pre\214x is)-.15 F 1.438(replaced w\
+with the speci\214ed login name.)108 273.6 Q .093
+(If the tilde-pre\214x is a `~+', the v)108 290.4 R .092
+(alue of the shell v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(PWD)2.592 E F0 .092
+(replaces the tilde-pre\214x.)2.342 F .092(If the tilde-pre\214x is)
+5.092 F 3.403(a`)108 302.4 S .903(~\255', the v)-3.403 F .903
+(alue of the shell v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(OLDPWD)3.404 E F4(,)A F0
+.904(if it is set, is substituted.)3.154 F .904(If the characters follo)
+5.904 F .904(wing the)-.25 F 1.642
+(tilde in the tilde-pre\214x consist of a number)108 314.4 R F2(N)4.142
+E F0 4.142(,o)C 1.642(ptionally pre\214x)-4.142 F 1.641
+(ed by a `+' or a `\255', the tilde-pre\214x is)-.15 F 1.437(replaced w\
ith the corresponding element from the directory stack, as it w)108
-237.6 R 1.437(ould be displayed by the)-.1 F F1(dirs)3.937 E F0 -.2(bu)
-108 249.6 S .454(iltin in).2 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.954(dw).1 G
-.454(ith the tilde-pre\214x as an ar)-2.954 F 2.954(gument. If)-.18 F
-.454(the characters follo)2.954 F .455
+326.4 R 1.438(ould be displayed by the)-.1 F F1(dirs)3.938 E F0 -.2(bu)
+108 338.4 S .455(iltin in).2 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.955(dw).1 G
+.455(ith the tilde-pre\214x as an ar)-2.955 F 2.954(gument. If)-.18 F
+.454(the characters follo)2.954 F .454
(wing the tilde in the tilde-pre\214x)-.25 F
(consist of a number without a leading `+' or `\255', `+' is assumed.)
-108 261.6 Q(If the login name is in)108 278.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G
+108 350.4 Q(If the login name is in)108 367.2 Q -.25(va)-.4 G
(lid, or the tilde e).25 E(xpansion f)-.15 E(ails, the w)-.1 E
-(ord is unchanged.)-.1 E .167(Each v)108 295.2 R .167
+(ord is unchanged.)-.1 E .166(Each v)108 384 R .167
(ariable assignment is check)-.25 F .167(ed for unquoted tilde-pre\214x)
-.1 F .167(es immediately follo)-.15 F .167(wing a)-.25 F F1(:)2.667 E
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--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(@\()144 156 Q F2
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--.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(!\()144 180 Q F2
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(he redirection refers to the standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\).)
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(as duplicated from the standard)-.1 F
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--.15(ve)-.25 G .598(ral \214lenames specially when the).15 F 3.099(ya)
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-(File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 669.6 Q F1(/de)144 681.6 Q
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+-.15 E F0(File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 120 Q F1(/de)144 132 Q
+(v/stderr)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180 144 Q F1(/de)
+144 156 Q(v/tcp/)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A
+F0(If)180 168 Q F2(host)2.996 E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496
+(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.997 E F0 .497
+(is an inte)2.997 F .497(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E
+(vice name,)180 180 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0
+(attempts to open the corresponding TCP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E F1(/de)144
+192 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E F2(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 204 Q F2(host)
+2.997 E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497
+(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.996 E F0 .496
+(is an inte)2.996 F .496(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E
+(vice name,)180 216 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0
+(attempts to open the corresponding UDP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E 2.5(Af)108
+232.8 S(ailure to open or create a \214le causes the redirection to f)
+-2.6 E(ail.)-.1 E .946(Redirections using \214le descriptors greater th\
+an 9 should be used with care, as the)108 249.6 R 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947
+(ay con\215ict with \214le)-3.447 F
+(descriptors the shell uses internally)108 261.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1(Redir)87
+278.4 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391
(Redirection of input causes the \214le whose name results from the e)
-108 182.4 R .391(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.231 E(d)-.37 E F0 .391
-(to be opened for read-)3.661 F(ing on \214le descriptor)108 194.4 Q F2
+108 290.4 R .391(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.231 E(d)-.37 E F0 .391
+(to be opened for read-)3.661 F(ing on \214le descriptor)108 302.4 Q F2
(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(rt)-2.5 G
(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-2.5 E F2(n)2.86 E F0
(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E
-(The general format for redirecting input is:)108 211.2 Q([)144 228 Q F2
-(n)A F0(])A F1(<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 244.8 Q(ecting Output)
--.18 E F0 .175
+(The general format for redirecting input is:)108 319.2 Q([)144 336 Q F2
+(n)A F0(])A F1(<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 352.8 Q(ecting Output)
+-.18 E F0 .174
(Redirection of output causes the \214le whose name results from the e)
-108 256.8 R .174(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.014 E(d)-.37 E F0 .174
-(to be opened for writ-)3.444 F .824(ing on \214le descriptor)108 268.8
-R F2(n)3.324 E F0 3.324(,o).24 G 3.324(rt)-3.324 G .824
-(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-3.324 F F2(n)3.684 E F0
-.824(is not speci\214ed.)3.564 F .825(If the \214le does not)5.825 F
--.15(ex)108 280.8 S(ist it is created; if it does e).15 E
+108 364.8 R .175(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.015 E(d)-.37 E F0 .175
+(to be opened for writ-)3.445 F .825(ing on \214le descriptor)108 376.8
+R F2(n)3.325 E F0 3.325(,o).24 G 3.325(rt)-3.325 G .824
+(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-3.325 F F2(n)3.684 E F0
+.824(is not speci\214ed.)3.564 F .824(If the \214le does not)5.824 F
+-.15(ex)108 388.8 S(ist it is created; if it does e).15 E
(xist it is truncated to zero size.)-.15 E
-(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 297.6 Q([)144 314.4 Q
-F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .155
-(If the redirection operator is)108 331.2 R F1(>)2.655 E F0 2.655(,a)C
-.155(nd the)-2.655 F F1(noclob)2.655 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the)
-2.654 F F1(set)2.654 E F0 -.2(bu)2.654 G .154
-(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .657(will f)108 343.2 R
-.657(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .658
-(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .658
-(ists and is a re).15 F .658(gular \214le.)-.15 F .658(If the redi-)
-5.658 F .409(rection operator is)108 355.2 R F1(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C
+(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 405.6 Q([)144 422.4 Q
+F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .154
+(If the redirection operator is)108 439.2 R F1(>)2.654 E F0 2.654(,a)C
+.154(nd the)-2.654 F F1(noclob)2.654 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the)
+2.654 F F1(set)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .155
+(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .658(will f)108 451.2 R
+.658(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .658
+(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .657
+(ists and is a re).15 F .657(gular \214le.)-.15 F .657(If the redi-)
+5.657 F .408(rection operator is)108 463.2 R F1(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C
2.909(rt)-2.909 G .409(he redirection operator is)-2.909 F F1(>)2.909 E
F0 .409(and the)2.909 F F1(noclob)2.909 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .409
-(option to the)2.909 F F1(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.908 G .408
+(option to the)2.909 F F1(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.909 G .409
(iltin command).2 F(is not enabled, the redirection is attempted e)108
-367.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by)
+475.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by)
-2.5 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F1 -.25(Ap)87
-384 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .641
-(Redirection of output in this f)108 396 R .642
-(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .642
-(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.482 E(d)-.37 E F0 .642(to be)3.912 F .474
-(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 408 R F2(n)2.974 E F0
+492 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .642
+(Redirection of output in this f)108 504 R .642
+(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .641
+(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.481 E(d)-.37 E F0 .641(to be)3.911 F .473
+(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 516 R F2(n)2.973 E F0
2.974(,o).24 G 2.974(rt)-2.974 G .474
-(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.974 F F2(n)3.333 E F0
-.473(is not speci\214ed.)3.213 F(If)5.473 E(the \214le does not e)108
-420 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E
-(The general format for appending output is:)108 436.8 Q([)144 453.6 Q
-F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 475.2 Q
-(ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E F0 .248
-(This construct allo)108 487.2 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\
+(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.974 F F2(n)3.334 E F0
+.474(is not speci\214ed.)3.214 F(If)5.474 E(the \214le does not e)108
+528 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E
+(The general format for appending output is:)108 544.8 Q([)144 561.6 Q
+F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 583.2 Q
+(ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E F0 .249
+(This construct allo)108 595.2 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\
\214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-)
-.25 F(tor 2\) to be redirected to the \214le whose name is the e)108
-499.2 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E
-(There are tw)108 516 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G
+607.2 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E
+(There are tw)108 624 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G
(ormats for redirecting standard output and standard error:)-2.5 E F1
-(&>)144 532.8 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(and)108 544.8 Q F1(>&)144 556.8 Q
-F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 573.6 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G
+(&>)144 640.8 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(and)108 652.8 Q F1(>&)144 664.8 Q
+F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 681.6 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G
(orms, the \214rst is preferred.)-2.5 E(This is semantically equi)5 E
--.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(>)144 590.4 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5
-E F1(>&)A F0(1)A .115(When using the second form,)108 607.2 R F2(wor)
+-.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(>)144 698.4 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5
+E F1(>&)A F0(1)A .114(When using the second form,)108 715.2 R F2(wor)
2.614 E(d)-.37 E F0 .114(may not e)2.614 F .114(xpand to a number or)
--.15 F F1<ad>2.614 E F0 5.114(.I)C 2.614(fi)-5.114 G 2.614(td)-2.614 G
-.114(oes, other redirection operators)-2.614 F(apply \(see)108 619.2 Q
+-.15 F F1<ad>2.614 E F0 5.114(.I)C 2.614(fi)-5.114 G 2.615(td)-2.614 G
+.115(oes, other redirection operators)-2.615 F(apply \(see)108 727.2 Q
F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E
-(w\) for compatibility reasons.)-.25 E F1 -.25(Ap)87 636 S
-(pending Standard Output and Standard Err).25 E(or)-.18 E F0 .248
-(This construct allo)108 648 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\214l\
-e descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-)-.25 F
-(tor 2\) to be appended to the \214le whose name is the e)108 660 Q
-(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E
-(The format for appending standard output and standard error is:)108
-676.8 Q F1(&>>)144 693.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0
-(This is semantically equi)108 710.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1
-(>>)144 727.2 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A
-(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2014 February 2)141.79 E(26)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
+(w\) for compatibility reasons.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q
+(2014 August 27)142.895 E(26)192.055 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 27 27
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E(\(see)108 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
-(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(Her)87
-100.8 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(This type of redirection i\
-nstructs the shell to read input from the current source until a line c\
-ontaining only)108 112.8 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(delimiter)108.35
-124.8 Q F0 .614(\(with no trailing blanks\) is seen.)3.844 F .615
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.25(Ap)87 84 S
+(pending Standard Output and Standard Err).25 E(or)-.18 E F0 .249
+(This construct allo)108 96 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\214le\
+ descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-)-.25 F
+(tor 2\) to be appended to the \214le whose name is the e)108 108 Q
+(xpansion of)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77
+E(The format for appending standard output and standard error is:)108
+124.8 Q F1(&>>)144 141.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0
+(This is semantically equi)108 158.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1
+(>>)144 175.2 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A(\(see)108
+192 Q F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1
+(Her)87 208.8 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(This type of redir\
+ection instructs the shell to read input from the current source until \
+a line containing only)108 220.8 R F2(delimiter)108.35 232.8 Q F0 .615
+(\(with no trailing blanks\) is seen.)3.845 F .615
(All of the lines read up to that point are then used as the stan-)5.615
-F(dard input for a command.)108 136.8 Q
-(The format of here-documents is:)108 153.6 Q F1(<<)144 170.4 Q F0([)A
-F1<ad>A F0(])A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E(her)164 182.4 Q(e-document)-.37 E
-(delimiter)144 194.4 Q F0 .302(No parameter and v)108 211.2 R .302
+F(dard input for a command.)108 244.8 Q
+(The format of here-documents is:)108 261.6 Q F1(<<)144 278.4 Q F0([)A
+F1<ad>A F0(])A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E(her)164 290.4 Q(e-document)-.37 E
+(delimiter)144 302.4 Q F0 .301(No parameter and v)108 319.2 R .302
(ariable e)-.25 F .302(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15
-F .301(xpansion, or pathname e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.15 E .225
-(is performed on)108 223.2 R F2(wor)2.725 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.225(.I).77 G
-2.726(fa)-5.225 G .526 -.15(ny c)-2.726 H .226(haracters in).15 F F2
+F .302(xpansion, or pathname e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.15 E .226
+(is performed on)108 331.2 R F2(wor)2.726 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.226(.I).77 G
+2.726(fa)-5.226 G .526 -.15(ny c)-2.726 H .226(haracters in).15 F F2
(wor)3.066 E(d)-.37 E F0 .226(are quoted, the)3.496 F F2(delimiter)3.076
-E F0 .226(is the result of quote remo)3.456 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.726(lo)
-.25 G(n)-2.726 E F2(wor)108 235.2 Q(d)-.37 E F0 2.715(,a).77 G .215
-(nd the lines in the here-document are not e)-2.715 F 2.714(xpanded. If)
--.15 F F2(wor)2.714 E(d)-.37 E F0 .214
-(is unquoted, all lines of the here-docu-)2.714 F .499
-(ment are subjected to parameter e)108 247.2 R .499
-(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F .5
-(xpansion, the character)-.15 F(sequence)108 259.2 Q F1(\\<newline>)2.5
+E F0 .225(is the result of quote remo)3.456 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.725(lo)
+.25 G(n)-2.725 E F2(wor)108 343.2 Q(d)-.37 E F0 2.714(,a).77 G .214
+(nd the lines in the here-document are not e)-2.714 F 2.714(xpanded. If)
+-.15 F F2(wor)2.715 E(d)-.37 E F0 .215
+(is unquoted, all lines of the here-docu-)2.715 F .499
+(ment are subjected to parameter e)108 355.2 R .499
+(xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F .499
+(xpansion, the character)-.15 F(sequence)108 367.2 Q F1(\\<newline>)2.5
E F0(is ignored, and)2.5 E F1(\\)2.5 E F0
(must be used to quote the characters)2.5 E F1(\\)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($)2.5
-E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .602
-(If the redirection operator is)108 276 R F1(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101(,t)
+E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .601
+(If the redirection operator is)108 384 R F1(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101(,t)
C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines and\
- the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 288 Q F2(delimiter)2.5 E F0 5(.T).73 G
+ the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 396 Q F2(delimiter)2.5 E F0 5(.T).73 G
(his allo)-5 E
(ws here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a natural f)
--.25 E(ashion.)-.1 E F1(Her)87 304.8 Q 2.5(eS)-.18 G(trings)-2.5 E F0
-2.5(Av)108 316.8 S(ariant of here documents, the format is:)-2.75 E F1
-(<<<)144 333.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(The)108 350.4 Q F2(wor)2.893 E(d)
--.37 E F0(under)2.893 E .393(goes brace e)-.18 F .393(xpansion, tilde e)
--.15 F .393(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .394(ariable e)-.25 F .394
-(xpansion, command substi-)-.15 F 2.148(tution, arithmetic e)108 362.4 R
-2.148(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 4.648(l. P).25 F
-2.148(athname e)-.15 F 2.148(xpansion and w)-.15 F 2.147
-(ord splitting are not per)-.1 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(formed. The)108 374.4 R(re\
+-.25 E(ashion.)-.1 E F1(Her)87 412.8 Q 2.5(eS)-.18 G(trings)-2.5 E F0
+2.5(Av)108 424.8 S(ariant of here documents, the format is:)-2.75 E F1
+(<<<)144 441.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(The)108 458.4 Q F2(wor)2.894 E(d)
+-.37 E F0(under)2.894 E .394(goes brace e)-.18 F .393(xpansion, tilde e)
+-.15 F .393(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .393(ariable e)-.25 F .393
+(xpansion, command substi-)-.15 F 2.147(tution, arithmetic e)108 470.4 R
+2.147(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 4.648(l. P).25 F
+2.148(athname e)-.15 F 2.148(xpansion and w)-.15 F 2.148
+(ord splitting are not per)-.1 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(formed. The)108 482.4 R(re\
sult is supplied as a single string to the command on its standard inpu\
-t.)2.5 E F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)87 391.2 Q F0
-(The redirection operator)108 403.2 Q([)144 420 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A
-F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .126
-(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 436.8 R(If)5.127 E
-F2(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .127
+t.)2.5 E F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)87 499.2 Q F0
+(The redirection operator)108 511.2 Q([)144 528 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A
+F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .127
+(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 544.8 R(If)5.127 E
+F2(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .126
(pands to one or more digits, the \214le descriptor denoted).15 F(by)108
-448.8 Q F2(n)3.318 E F0 .458(is made to be a cop)3.198 F 2.958(yo)-.1 G
-2.958(ft)-2.958 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.958 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G
-2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F2(wor)3.297 E(d)-.37 E F0
-.457(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.727 F .149
-(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 460.8 R(If)5.149 E F2(wor)
-2.989 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.419 G .149(luates to).25 F F1<ad>2.649 E
-F0 2.65<2c8c>C .15(le descriptor)-2.65 F F2(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is closed.)
-2.89 F(If)5.15 E F2(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is not speci\214ed,)2.89 F
-(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 472.8 Q
-(The operator)108 489.6 Q([)144 506.4 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(wor)A
-(d)-.37 E F0 .444
-(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 523.2 R
-(If)5.444 E F2(n)3.304 E F0 .443
-(is not speci\214ed, the standard output \(\214le descrip-)3.183 F 1.357
-(tor 1\) is used.)108 535.2 R 1.357(If the digits in)6.357 F F2(wor)
-4.197 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.358(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for o\
-utput, a redirection error)4.627 F 2.754(occurs. If)108 547.2 R F2(wor)
-3.09
4 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.524 G .254(luates to).25 F F1<ad>2.754 E
+556.8 Q F2(n)3.317 E F0 .457(is made to be a cop)3.197 F 2.957(yo)-.1 G
+2.957(ft)-2.957 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.957 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G
+2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F2(wor)3.298 E(d)-.37 E F0
+.458(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.728 F .15
+(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 568.8 R(If)5.15 E F2(wor)
+2.99 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.42 G .15(luates to).25 F F1<ad>2.65 E F0
+2.649<2c8c>C .149(le descriptor)-2.649 F F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149
+(is closed.)2.889 F(If)5.149 E F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149(is not speci\214ed,)
+2.889 F(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 580.8 Q
+(The operator)108 597.6 Q([)144 614.4 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(wor)A
+(d)-.37 E F0 .443
+(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 631.2 R
+(If)5.443 E F2(n)3.304 E F0 .444
+(is not speci\214ed, the standard output \(\214le descrip-)3.184 F 1.358
+(tor 1\) is used.)108 643.2 R 1.358(If the digits in)6.358 F F2(wor)
+4.198 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.357(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for o\
+utput, a redirection error)4.628 F 2.753(occurs. If)108 655.2 R F2(wor)
+3.09
3 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.523 G .253(luates to).25 F F1<ad>2.754 E
F0 2.754<2c8c>C .254(le descriptor)-2.754 F F2(n)3.114 E F0 .254
(is closed.)2.994 F .254(As a special case, if)5.254 F F2(n)2.754 E F0
-.253(is omitted, and)2.754 F F2(wor)2.753 E(d)-.37 E F0(does)2.753 E
-.96
5(not e)108 559.2 R .965(xpand to one or more digits or)-.15 F F1<ad>
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6(not e)108 667.2 R .966(xpand to one or more digits or)-.15 F F1<ad>
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(he standard output and standard error are redirected as described)
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-(ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0(The redirection operator)108 600 Q([)144
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-(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.036 F F2(n)3.035 E F0
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-(is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(.)A(Similarly)
-108 662.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E([)144 679.2 Q
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-2.785(st).15 G .285(he \214le descriptor)-2.785 F F2(digit)2.785 E F0
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-(rt)-2.785 G .286(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.785 F
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-(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2014 February 2)141.79 E(27)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
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-(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0(The redirection operator)108 96 Q([)
-144 112.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A F1(<>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E
-F0 1.349(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108 129.6 R 1.349
-(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)4.189 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.349
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+(he \214le descriptor)-3.035 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(digit)3.035 E F0
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+(he \214le descriptor)-2.786 F F1(digit)2.786 E F0 .286
+(to \214le descriptor)2.786 F F1(n)2.786 E F0 2.786(,o).24 G 2.786(rt)
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+(Opening File Descriptors f)87 175.2 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0
+(The redirection operator)108 187.2 Q([)144 204 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<>)A
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(to be opened for both reading and writing on \214le)4.619 F(descriptor)
-108 141.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5<6e8c>-2.5 G
-(le descriptor 0 if)-2.5 E F2(n)2.86 E F0(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E
+108 232.8 Q F1(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5<6e8c>-2.5 G
+(le descriptor 0 if)-2.5 E F1(n)2.86 E F0(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E
(If the \214le does not e)5 E(xist, it is created.)-.15 E/F3 10.95
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 158.4 Q F2(Aliases)108 170.4 Q F0(allo)3.173
-E 3.173(was)-.25 G .674(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.173 F .674
-(ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .674
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 249.6 Q F1(Aliases)108 261.6 Q F0(allo)3.174
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(ord of a simple command.)-.1 F .394(The shell maintains a list of alia\
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-(and)2.893 E F1(unalias)2.893 E F0 -.2(bu)2.893 G .393(iltin commands).2
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-(\214rst w)4.48 F 1.98(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1 F
-(check)108 206.4 Q .473(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .473
-(If so, that w)5.473 F .472(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .472
-(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .472(The characters)5.472 F F1(/)2.972 E F0(,)A
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--3.611 F F2(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112
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-(The \214rst)6.119 F -.1(wo)108 242.4 S .513(rd of the replacement te).1
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-(ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .514(xpanded is)-.15 F
-.296(not e)108 254.4 R .296(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296
-(This means that one may alias)5.296 F F1(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F1
-.296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .295(or instance, and)-2.796 F F1
-(bash)2.795 E F0 .295(does not try)2.795 F .542(to recursi)108 266.4 R
--.15(ve)-.25 G .542(ly e).15 F .542(xpand the replacement te)-.15 F
-3.042(xt. If)-.15 F .543(the last character of the alias v)3.042 F .543
-(alue is a)-.25 F F2(blank)3.043 E F0 3.043(,t).67 G .543(hen the ne)
--3.043 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 278.4 Q(ord follo)-.1 E
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+(If so, that w)5.472 F .473(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .473
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+(or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.411 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.111
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+(ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .513(xpanded is)-.15 F
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+(This means that one may alias)5.295 F F2(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F2
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(wing the alias is also check)-.25 E(ed for alias e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15
-E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 295.2 Q F1(alias)2.5 E F0
-(command, and remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith the)-2.5 E F1
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(unalias)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E .284
-(There is no mechanism for using ar)108 312 R .284
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(guments in the replacement te)-.18 F 2.784(xt. If)-.15 F(ar)2.784 E
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-(Aliases are not e)108 340.8 R 1.22
+108 415.2 Q F4(FUNCTIONS)2.5 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E 1.22
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(xpanded when the shell is not interacti)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.72(,u)
-.15 G 1.22(nless the)-3.72 F F1(expand_aliases)3.72 E F0 1.22
-(shell option is set)3.72 F(using)108 352.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0
-(\(see the description of)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(under)2.5 E F4
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(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25
-E .436
+E .435
(The rules concerning the de\214nition and use of aliases are some)108
-369.6 R .435(what confusing.)-.25 F F1(Bash)5.435 E F0(al)2.935 E -.1
-(wa)-.1 G .435(ys reads at least).1 F .337
-(one complete line of input before e)108 381.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .338
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+(one complete line of input before e)108 472.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .338
(cuting an).15 F 2.838(yo)-.15 G 2.838(ft)-2.838 G .338
-(he commands on that line.)-2.838 F .338(Aliases are e)5.338 F .338
-(xpanded when)-.15 F 3.404(ac)108 393.6 S .904
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+(xpanded when)-.15 F 3.403(ac)108 484.8 S .904
+(ommand is read, not when it is e)-3.403 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.404
(cuted. Therefore,).15 F .904
-(an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as)3.404 F 1.161
-(another command does not tak)108 405.6 R 3.662(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.662
+(an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as)3.404 F 1.162
+(another command does not tak)108 496.8 R 3.662(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.662
G 1.162(ect until the ne).25 F 1.162(xt line of input is read.)-.15 F
-1.162(The commands follo)6.162 F 1.162(wing the)-.25 F .277
-(alias de\214nition on that line are not af)108 417.6 R .277
+1.161(The commands follo)6.161 F 1.161(wing the)-.25 F .277
+(alias de\214nition on that line are not af)108 508.8 R .277
(fected by the ne)-.25 F 2.777(wa)-.25 G 2.777(lias. This)-2.777 F(beha)
-2.777 E .277(vior is also an issue when functions)-.2 F .698(are e)108
-429.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.198(cuted. Aliases).15 F .698(are e)3.198 F
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+520.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.199(cuted. Aliases).15 F .699(are e)3.199 F
.699(xpanded when a function de\214nition is read, not when the functio\
-n is e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E .495
-(because a function de\214nition is itself a compound command.)108 441.6
-R .494(As a consequence, aliases de\214ned in a func-)5.494 F .084
-(tion are not a)108 453.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G .084
-(ilable until after that function is e).25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.584
-(cuted. T).15 F 2.584(ob)-.8 G 2.584(es)-2.584 G .084(afe, al)-2.584 F
--.1(wa)-.1 G .085(ys put alias de\214nitions on a sepa-).1 F
-(rate line, and do not use)108 465.6 Q F1(alias)2.5 E F0
-(in compound commands.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)108 482.4 S 2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e)
--2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
+n is e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E .612
+(because a function de\214nition is itself a command.)108 532.8 R .613
+(As a consequence, aliases de\214ned in a function are not)5.612 F -.2
+(av)108 544.8 S .059(ailable until after that function is e)-.05 F -.15
+(xe)-.15 G 2.558(cuted. T).15 F 2.558(ob)-.8 G 2.558(es)-2.558 G .058
+(afe, al)-2.558 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .058
+(ys put alias de\214nitions on a separate line, and).1 F(do not use)108
+556.8 Q F2(alias)2.5 E F0(in compound commands.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)108 573.6
+S 2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ry purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.).15 E F3
-(FUNCTIONS)72 499.2 Q F0 3.468(As)108 511.2 S .968
-(hell function, de\214ned as described abo)-3.468 F 1.267 -.15(ve u)-.15
+(FUNCTIONS)72 590.4 Q F0 3.467(As)108 602.4 S .967
+(hell function, de\214ned as described abo)-3.467 F 1.267 -.15(ve u)-.15
H(nder).15 E F4 .967(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.467 F/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0
-.967(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F 1.001(later e)108 523.2 R
--.15(xe)-.15 G 3.501(cution. When).15 F 1.002(the name of a shell funct\
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-(mands associated with that function name is e)108 535.2 R -.15(xe)-.15
-G 2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .315
-(cuted in the conte).15 F .315(xt of the current)-.15 F .035
-(shell; no ne)108 547.2 R 2.535(wp)-.25 G .036
-(rocess is created to interpret them \(contrast this with the e)-2.535 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .036(cution of a shell script\).).15 F .036(When a)5.036
-F .64(function is e)108 559.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .64(cuted, the ar).15 F
+.968(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F 1.002(later e)108 614.4 R
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+(mands associated with that function name is e)108 626.4 R -.15(xe)-.15
+G 2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .316
+(cuted in the conte).15 F .316(xt of the current)-.15 F .036
+(shell; no ne)108 638.4 R 2.536(wp)-.25 G .036
+(rocess is created to interpret them \(contrast this with the e)-2.536 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .036(cution of a shell script\).).15 F .035(When a)5.035
+F .639(function is e)108 650.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .639(cuted, the ar).15 F
.639
(guments to the function become the positional parameters during its e)
--.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .532(The special parameter)108 571.2
-R F1(#)3.032 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.032 F .532
-(Special parameter)5.532 F F1(0)3.033 E F0 .533(is unchanged.)3.033 F
-.533(The \214rst ele-)5.533 F(ment of the)108 583.2 Q F4(FUNCN)2.5 E
+-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .533(The special parameter)108 662.4
+R F2(#)3.033 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.033 F .532
+(Special parameter)5.532 F F2(0)3.032 E F0 .532(is unchanged.)3.032 F
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(AME)-.18 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G
(riable is set to the name of the function while the function is e).25 E
-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting.).15 E 1.25(All other aspects of the shell e)108
-600 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.25(cution en).15 F 1.25
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(vironment are identical between a function and its caller with)-.4 F
-1.048(these e)108 612 R 3.548(xceptions: the)-.15 F F4(DEB)3.548 E(UG)
--.09 E F0(and)3.298 E F1(RETURN)3.548 E F0 1.048
-(traps \(see the description of the)3.548 F F1(trap)3.548 E F0 -.2(bu)
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-E .479(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.729 E .479
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+(traps \(see the description of the)3.715 F F2(trap)3.714 E F0 -.2(bu)
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(w\) are not inherited unless the function has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G 2.978(nt).15 G(he)-2.978 E F1(trace)2.978 E F0(attrib)2.978 E
-.478(ute \(see)-.2 F .42(the description of the)108 636 R F4(declar)2.92
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-(shell option has been enabled with the)2.92 F F1(set)2.921 E F0 -.2(bu)
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-F(-)-.2 E(ited unless the)108 660 Q F1(\255o errtrace)2.5 E F0
-(shell option has been enabled.)2.5 E -1.11(Va)108 676.8 S .655
-(riables local to the function may be declared with the)1.11 F F1(local)
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-(alues are shared between the function and its caller)-.25 E(.)-.55 E
-(The)108 705.6 Q F1(FUNCNEST)3.529 E F0 -.25(va)3.529 G 1.028
-(riable, if set to a numeric v).25 F 1.028
-(alue greater than 0, de\214nes a maximum function nesting)-.25 F(le)108
-717.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l. Function).15 F(in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G
-(cations that e).2 E(xceed the limit cause the entire command to abort.)
--.15 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2014 February 2)141.79 E(28)190.95 E 0 Cg
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3<ad74>
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+(fect, asynchronous commands ignore)-.25 F F4(SIGINT)3.247 E F0(and)
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+(tion to these inherited handlers.)108 230.4 R .653
(Commands run as a result of command substitution ignore the k)5.652 F
--.15(ey)-.1 G(board-).15 E(generated job control signals)108 120 Q F2
-(SIGTTIN)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F2(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F3
-(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F2(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F3(.)A F0 2.046(The shell e)108
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-(SIGHUP)4.545 E F3(.)A F0 2.045(Before e)6.545 F 2.045
-(xiting, an interacti)-.15 F 2.345 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 2.045
-(hell resends the).15 F F2(SIGHUP)108 148.8 Q F0 1.004
-(to all jobs, running or stopped.)3.254 F 1.004(Stopped jobs are sent)
-6.004 F F2(SIGCONT)3.505 E F0 1.005(to ensure that the)3.255 F 3.505(yr)
--.15 G(ecei)-3.505 E 1.305 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(he).15 E F2(SIGHUP)108 160.8
-Q F3(.)A F0 2.53 -.8(To p)5.43 H(re).8 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .93(nt the shel\
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--.15(ve)-.15 G 3.429(df).15 G .929(rom the)-3.429 F 1.356
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-(ed to not recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F2(SIGHUP)108 184.8 Q F0(using)
-2.25 E F1(diso)2.5 E(wn \255h)-.1 E F0(.)A .166(If the)108 201.6 R F1
-(huponexit)2.666 E F0 .166(shell option has been set with)2.666 F F1
-(shopt)2.666 E F0(,)A F1(bash)2.666 E F0 .166(sends a)2.666 F F2(SIGHUP)
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-(login shell e)108 213.6 Q(xits.)-.15 E(If)108 230.4 Q F1(bash)3.046 E
-F0 .546(is w)3.046 F .546(aiting for a command to complete and recei)-.1
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.046(sas).15 G .546
-(ignal for which a trap has been set, the trap)-3.046 F .663
-(will not be e)108 242.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .663
-(cuted until the command completes.).15 F(When)5.663 E F1(bash)3.163 E
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F0 .662(is w)3.163 F .662(aiting for an asynchronous command)-.1 F .99
-(via the)108 254.4 R F1(wait)3.49 E F0 -.2(bu)3.49 G .99(iltin, the rec\
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-(return immediately with an e)108 266.4 Q
+(return immediately with an e)108 388.8 Q
(xit status greater than 128, immediately after which the trap is e)-.15
-E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(JOB CONTR)72
-283.2 Q(OL)-.329 E/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.25(Jo)108 295.2 S 4.568(bc)
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-(cution of processes and continue).15 F(\()108 307.2 Q F5 -.37(re)C
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-(cution at a later point.).15 F 3.202(Au)5.702 G .702
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--.1 E(supplied jointly by the operating system k)108 319.2 Q(ernel')-.1
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E 2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal dri)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ra).15 G(nd)-2.5 E
-F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A .785(The shell associates a)108 336 R F5(job)5.025
-E F0 .785(with each pipeline.)3.515 F .784(It k)5.785 F .784
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-(cuting jobs, which may be).15 F .34(listed with the)108 348 R F1(jobs)
-2.84 E F0 2.84(command. When)2.84 F F1(bash)2.84 E F0 .341
-(starts a job asynchronously \(in the)2.84 F F5(bac)2.841 E(kgr)-.2 E
-(ound)-.45 E F0 .341(\), it prints a line).77 F(that looks lik)108 360 Q
-(e:)-.1 E([1] 25647)144 376.8 Q .241(indicating that this job is job nu\
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+(cuting jobs, which may be).15 F .34(listed with the)108 470.4 R F2
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(All of the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job)
-5.732 F(.)-.4 E F1(Bash)5.733 E F0(uses)3.233 E(the)108 417.6 Q F5(job)
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4.24 E F0(abstraction as the basis for job control.)2.73 E 3.063 -.8
-(To f)108 434.4 T 1.463(acilitate the implementation of the user interf)
+(To f)108 556.8 T 1.463(acilitate the implementation of the user interf)
.7 F 1.462(ace to job control, the operating system maintains the)-.1 F
-.87(notion of a)108 446.4 R F5(curr)3.37 E .87(ent terminal pr)-.37 F
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.871(ocess gr)-.45 F .871(oup ID)-.45 F F0 5.871(.M)C .871
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(group ID is equal to the current terminal process group ID\) recei)108
-458.4 R .323 -.15(ve k)-.25 H -.15(ey).05 G .023
-(board-generated signals such as).15 F F2(SIG-)2.522 E(INT)108 470.4 Q
-F3(.)A F0 1.346(These processes are said to be in the)5.846 F F5(for)
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+(board-generated signals such as).15 F F4(SIG-)2.522 E(INT)108 592.8 Q
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-F .146(group ID dif)108 482.4 R .146(fers from the terminal')-.25 F .146
+F .146(group ID dif)108 604.8 R .146(fers from the terminal')-.25 F .146
(s; such processes are immune to k)-.55 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .145
(board-generated signals.).15 F .145(Only fore-)5.145 F .16
-(ground processes are allo)108 494.4 R .16(wed to read from or)-.25 F
+(ground processes are allo)108 616.8 R .16(wed to read from or)-.25 F
2.66(,i)-.4 G 2.66(ft)-2.66 G .16(he user so speci\214es with)-2.66 F/F6
10/Courier@0 SF .16(stty tostop)2.66 F F0 2.66(,w)C .16(rite to the ter)
--2.66 F(-)-.2 E 3.052(minal. Background)108 506.4 R .551
+-2.66 F(-)-.2 E 3.052(minal. Background)108 628.8 R .551
(processes which attempt to read from \(write to when)3.052 F F6 .551
(stty tostop)3.051 F F0 .551(is in ef)3.051 F .551(fect\) the)-.25 F
-.717(terminal are sent a)108 518.4 R F2 .717(SIGTTIN \(SIGTT)3.217 F
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(OU\))-.162 E F0 .718(signal by the k)2.967 F(ernel')-.1 E 3.218(st)-.55
G .718(erminal dri)-3.218 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.518 -.4(r, w).15 H .718
-(hich, unless caught, sus-).4 F(pends the process.)108 530.4 Q 1.088
-(If the operating system on which)108 547.2 R F1(bash)3.588 E F0 1.088
-(is running supports job control,)3.588 F F1(bash)3.587 E F0 1.087
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-.301(ping the).8 F F5(suspend)3.141 E F0 .301(character \(typically)
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+(hich, unless caught, sus-).4 F(pends the process.)108 652.8 Q 1.088
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(ontrol-Z\) while a process is running causes that process to be)-2.801
-F 2.143(stopped and returns control to)108 571.2 R F1(bash)4.642 E F0
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(ontrol-Y\))-4.642 E .021(causes the process to be stopped when it atte\
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(he user may then manipulate the state of this job, using the)-5.892 F
-F1(bg)3.392 E F0 .892(command to continue it in the)3.392 F .894
-(background, the)108 607.2 R F1(fg)3.394 E F0 .895
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(command to continue it in the fore)3.394 F .895(ground, or the)-.15 F
-F1(kill)3.395 E F0 .895(command to kill it.)3.395 F(A)5.895 E F1(^Z)
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--.25 F 3.449(,a)-.65 G .948(nd has the additional side ef)-3.449 F .948
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(fect of causing pending output and typeahead to be dis-)-.25 F(carded.)
-108 631.2 Q .777(There are a number of w)108 648 R .777
-(ays to refer to a job in the shell.)-.1 F .777(The character)5.777 F F1
-(%)3.277 E F0 .777(introduces a job speci\214cation)3.277 F(\()108 660 Q
-F5(jobspec)A F0 3.458(\). Job)B(number)3.458 E F5(n)3.818 E F0 .957
-(may be referred to as)3.697 F F1(%n)3.457 E F0 5.957(.A)C .957
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(job may also be referred to using a pre\214x of the)-2.5 F .59(name us\
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(reports an error)3.463 F 5.963(.U)-.55 G(sing)-5.963 E F1(%?ce)3.463 E
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-(hand, refers to an)108 696 R 2.587(yj)-.15 G .087
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(ob containing the string)-2.587 F F1(ce)2.587 E F0 .087
(in its command line.)2.587 F .087
-(If the substring matches more than one)5.087 F(job,)108 708 Q F1(bash)
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(he symbols)-5.018 F F1(%%)2.518 E F0(and)2.518 E F1(%+)2.518 E F0 .018
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-F5(curr)2.518 E .018(ent job)-.37 F F0 2.518(,w).23 G .018(hich is)
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(as in the fore)-.1 F .495(ground or started in the background.)-.15 F
-(The)5.495 E F5(pr)4.245 E -.15(ev)-.37 G .495(ious job).15 F F0 .495
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-.256(output pertaining to jobs \(e.g., the output of the)108 96 R F1
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(jobs)2.756 E F0 .256(command\), the current job is al)2.756 F -.1(wa)
-.1 G .257(ys \215agged with a).1 F F1(+)2.757 E F0(,)A .411
-(and the pre)108
108 R .411(vious job with a)-.25 F F1<ad>2.911 E F0
+(and the pre)108
220.8 R .411(vious job with a)-.25 F F1<ad>2.911 E F0
5.411(.A)C .411(single % \(with no accompan)-2.5 F .41
(ying job speci\214cation\) also refers to the cur)-.15 F(-)-.2 E
-(rent job)108 120 Q(.)-.4 E .443
-(Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the fore)108 136.8 R
+(rent job)108 232.8 Q(.)-.4 E .443
+(Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the fore)108 249.6 R
(ground:)-.15 E F1(%1)2.944 E F0 .444(is a synon)2.944 F .444(ym for)
-.15 F F1 -.63(``)2.944 G .444(fg %1').63 F(')-.63 E F0 2.944(,b)C
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-148.8 R 3.973(ground. Similarly)-.15 F(,)-.65 E F1 -.63(``)3.972 G 1.472
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-(equi)108 160.8 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G(bg %1')
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+(equi)108 273.6 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G(bg %1')
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-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.63(raj).15 G .13(ob changes state.)-2.63 F(Normally)
5.131 E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)2.631 E F0 -.1(wa)2.631 G .131
(its until it is about to print a).1 F .158
-(prompt before reporting changes in a job')108 189.6 R 2.658(ss)-.55 G
+(prompt before reporting changes in a job')108 302.4 R 2.658(ss)-.55 G
.158(tatus so as to not interrupt an)-2.658 F 2.657(yo)-.15 G .157
(ther output.)-2.657 F .157(If the)5.157 F F1<ad62>2.657 E F0 .157
-(option to)2.657 F(the)108 201.6 Q F1(set)3.951 E F0 -.2(bu)3.951 G
+(option to)2.657 F(the)108 314.4 Q F1(set)3.951 E F0 -.2(bu)3.951 G
1.451(iltin command is enabled,).2 F F1(bash)3.951 E F0 1.452
(reports such changes immediately)3.951 F 6.452(.A)-.65 G 1.752 -.15
-(ny t)-6.452 H 1.452(rap on).15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGCHLD)3.952 E
-F0(is)3.702 E -.15(exe)108 213.6 S(cuted for each child that e).15 E
-(xits.)-.15 E .033(If an attempt to e)108 230.4 R(xit)-.15 E F1(bash)
+(ny t)-6.452 H 1.452(rap on).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGCHLD)3.952 E
+F0(is)3.702 E -.15(exe)108 326.4 S(cuted for each child that e).15 E
+(xits.)-.15 E .033(If an attempt to e)108 343.2 R(xit)-.15 E F1(bash)
2.533 E F0 .033(is made while jobs are stopped \(or)2.533 F 2.532(,i)-.4
G 2.532(ft)-2.532 G(he)-2.532 E F1(checkjobs)2.532 E F0 .032
-(shell option has been enabled)2.532 F 2.019(using the)108 242.4 R F1
+(shell option has been enabled)2.532 F 2.019(using the)108 355.2 R F1
(shopt)4.519 E F0 -.2(bu)4.519 G 2.019
(iltin, running\), the shell prints a w).2 F 2.02
(arning message, and, if the)-.1 F F1(checkjobs)4.52 E F0 2.02
(option is)4.52 F .459(enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses.)108
-254.4 R(The)5.459 E F1(jobs)2.959 E F0 .458
+367.2 R(The)5.459 E F1(jobs)2.959 E F0 .458
(command may then be used to inspect their status.)2.958 F .458(If a)
-5.458 F .603(second attempt to e)108 266.4 R .604
+5.458 F .603(second attempt to e)108 379.2 R .604
(xit is made without an interv)-.15 F .604
(ening command, the shell does not print another w)-.15 F(arning,)-.1 E
-(and an)108 278.4 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(topped jobs are terminated.)-2.5 E/F3
-10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)72 295.2 Q(OMPTING)-.329 E F0 .645(When e)108
-307.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .645(cuting interacti).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15
-E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)3.145 E F0 .645(displays the primary prompt)3.145 F
-F2(PS1)3.145 E F0 .645(when it is ready to read a command,)2.895 F 1.825
-(and the secondary prompt)108 319.2 R F2(PS2)4.325 E F0 1.825
+(and an)108 391.2 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(topped jobs are terminated.)-2.5 E/F4
+10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)72 408 Q(OMPTING)-.329 E F0 .645(When e)108 420
+R -.15(xe)-.15 G .645(cuting interacti).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(,)
+-.65 E F1(bash)3.145 E F0 .645(displays the primary prompt)3.145 F F3
+(PS1)3.145 E F0 .645(when it is ready to read a command,)2.895 F 1.825
+(and the secondary prompt)108 432 R F3(PS2)4.325 E F0 1.825
(when it needs more input to complete a command.)4.075 F F1(Bash)6.826 E
F0(allo)4.326 E 1.826(ws these)-.25 F 1.499(prompt strings to be custom\
ized by inserting a number of backslash-escaped special characters that\
- are)108 331.2 R(decoded as follo)108 343.2 Q(ws:)-.25 E F1(\\a)144
-355.2 Q F0(an ASCII bell character \(07\))28.22 E F1(\\d)144 367.2 Q F0
+ are)108 444 R(decoded as follo)108 456 Q(ws:)-.25 E F1(\\a)144 468 Q F0
+(an ASCII bell character \(07\))28.22 E F1(\\d)144 480 Q F0
(the date in "W)27.66 E(eekday Month Date" format \(e.g., "T)-.8 E
-(ue May 26"\))-.45 E F1(\\D{)144 379.2 Q/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(format)
-A F1(})A F0(the)180 391.2 Q F4(format)3.926 E F0 1.426(is passed to)
-3.926 F F4(strftime)3.926 E F0 1.427
-(\(3\) and the result is inserted into the prompt string; an)B(empty)180
-403.2 Q F4(format)2.5 E F0
+(ue May 26"\))-.45 E F1(\\D{)144 492 Q F2(format)A F1(})A F0(the)180 504
+Q F2(format)3.926 E F0 1.426(is passed to)3.926 F F2(strftime)3.926 E F0
+1.427(\(3\) and the result is inserted into the prompt string; an)B
+(empty)180 516 Q F2(format)2.5 E F0
(results in a locale-speci\214c time representation.)2.5 E
-(The braces are required)5 E F1(\\e)144 415.2 Q F0
-(an ASCII escape character \(033\))28.78 E F1(\\h)144 427.2 Q F0
-(the hostname up to the \214rst `.)27.66 E(')-.7 E F1(\\H)144 439.2 Q F0
-(the hostname)25.44 E F1(\\j)144 451.2 Q F0
+(The braces are required)5 E F1(\\e)144 528 Q F0
+(an ASCII escape character \(033\))28.78 E F1(\\h)144 540 Q F0
+(the hostname up to the \214rst `.)27.66 E(')-.7 E F1(\\H)144 552 Q F0
+(the hostname)25.44 E F1(\\j)144 564 Q F0
(the number of jobs currently managed by the shell)29.89 E F1(\\l)144
-463.2 Q F0(the basename of the shell')30.44 E 2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal de)
--2.5 E(vice name)-.25 E F1(\\n)144 475.2 Q F0(ne)27.66 E(wline)-.25 E F1
-(\\r)144 487.2 Q F0(carriage return)28.78 E F1(\\s)144 499.2 Q F0
+576 Q F0(the basename of the shell')30.44 E 2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal de)
+-2.5 E(vice name)-.25 E F1(\\n)144 588 Q F0(ne)27.66 E(wline)-.25 E F1
+(\\r)144 600 Q F0(carriage return)28.78 E F1(\\s)144 612 Q F0
(the name of the shell, the basename of)29.33 E F1($0)2.5 E F0
(\(the portion follo)2.5 E(wing the \214nal slash\))-.25 E F1(\\t)144
-511.2 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format)29.89 E F1(\\T)
-144 523.2 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format)26.55 E F1
-(\\@)144 535.2 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour am/pm format)23.92 E F1
-(\\A)144 547.2 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format)26 E F1
-(\\u)144 559.2 Q F0(the username of the current user)27.66 E F1(\\v)144
-571.2 Q F0(the v)28.22 E(ersion of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0
-(\(e.g., 2.00\))2.5 E F1(\\V)144 583.2 Q F0(the release of)26 E F1(bash)
-2.5 E F0 2.5(,v)C(ersion + patch le)-2.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l\().15 G
-(e.g., 2.00.0\))-2.5 E F1(\\w)144 595.2 Q F0 .116(the current w)26 F
-.116(orking directory)-.1 F 2.616(,w)-.65 G(ith)-2.616 E F2($HOME)2.616
-E F0(abbre)2.366 E .115(viated with a tilde \(uses the v)-.25 F .115
-(alue of the)-.25 F F2(PR)180 607.2 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.27 E(TRIM)-.36 E F0
--.25(va)2.25 G(riable\)).25 E F1(\\W)144 619.2 Q F0
-(the basename of the current w)23.22 E(orking directory)-.1 E 2.5(,w)
--.65 G(ith)-2.5 E F2($HOME)2.5 E F0(abbre)2.25 E(viated with a tilde)
--.25 E F1(\\!)144 631.2 Q F0(the history number of this command)29.89 E
-F1(\\#)144 643.2 Q F0(the command number of this command)28.22 E F1(\\$)
-144 655.2 Q F0(if the ef)28.22 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve U)-.25 H
-(ID is 0, a).15 E F1(#)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(therwise a)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E
-(\\)144 667.2 Q F4(nnn)A F0
-(the character corresponding to the octal number)18.22 E F4(nnn)2.5 E F1
-(\\\\)144 679.2 Q F0 2.5(ab)30.44 G(ackslash)-2.5 E F1(\\[)144 691.2 Q
-F0(be)29.89 E 1.257(gin a sequence of non-printing characters, which co\
-uld be used to embed a terminal)-.15 F(control sequence into the prompt)
-180 703.2 Q F1(\\])144 715.2 Q F0
-(end a sequence of non-printing characters)29.89 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q
-(2014 February 2)141.79 E(35)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
+624 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format)29.89 E F1(\\T)144
+636 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format)26.55 E F1(\\@)144
+648 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour am/pm format)23.92 E F1(\\A)144 660
+Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format)26 E F1(\\u)144 672 Q F0
+(the username of the current user)27.66 E F1(\\v)144 684 Q F0(the v)
+28.22 E(ersion of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(\(e.g., 2.00\))2.5 E F1(\\V)
+144 696 Q F0(the release of)26 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0 2.5(,v)C
+(ersion + patch le)-2.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l\().15 G(e.g., 2.00.0\))
+-2.5 E F1(\\w)144 708 Q F0 .116(the current w)26 F .116
+(orking directory)-.1 F 2.616(,w)-.65 G(ith)-2.616 E F3($HOME)2.616 E F0
+(abbre)2.366 E .115(viated with a tilde \(uses the v)-.25 F .115
+(alue of the)-.25 F F3(PR)180 720 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.27 E(TRIM)-.36 E F0 -.25
+(va)2.25 G(riable\)).25 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2014 August 27)142.895 E
+(35)192.055 E 0 Cg EP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E .12(The command number and the history number are usually dif)108
-84 R .119(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F 1.585(p\
-osition in the history list, which may include commands restored from t\
-he history \214le \(see)108 96 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)4.085 E(OR)
--.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)108 108 Q .541(w\), while the command number \
-is the position in the sequence of commands e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .54
-(cuted during the cur).15 F(-)-.2 E .546(rent shell session.)108 120 R
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\\W)144 84 Q F0
+(the basename of the current w)23.22 E(orking directory)-.1 E 2.5(,w)
+-.65 G(ith)-2.5 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF($HOME)2.5 E F0(abbre)2.25 E
+(viated with a tilde)-.25 E F1(\\!)144 96 Q F0
+(the history number of this command)29.89 E F1(\\#)144 108 Q F0
+(the command number of this command)28.22 E F1(\\$)144 120 Q F0
+(if the ef)28.22 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve U)-.25 H(ID is 0, a).15 E F1
+(#)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(therwise a)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E(\\)144 132 Q/F3 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(nnn)A F0
+(the character corresponding to the octal number)18.22 E F3(nnn)2.5 E F1
+(\\\\)144 144 Q F0 2.5(ab)30.44 G(ackslash)-2.5 E F1(\\[)144 156 Q F0
+(be)29.89 E 1.257(gin a sequence of non-printing characters, which coul\
+d be used to embed a terminal)-.15 F(control sequence into the prompt)
+180 168 Q F1(\\])144 180 Q F0(end a sequence of non-printing characters)
+29.89 E .12(The command number and the history number are usually dif)
+108 196.8 R .119(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F
+1.585(position in the history list, which may include commands restored\
+ from the history \214le \(see)108 208.8 R F2(HIST)4.085 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)
+-.315 E F0(belo)108 220.8 Q .541(w\), while the command number is the p\
+osition in the sequence of commands e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .54
+(cuted during the cur).15 F(-)-.2 E .546(rent shell session.)108 232.8 R
.546(After the string is decoded, it is e)5.546 F .546
(xpanded via parameter e)-.15 F .546(xpansion, command substitu-)-.15 F
-.352(tion, arithmetic e)108 132 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F
--.25(va)-.15 G .352(l, subject to the v).25 F .352(alue of the)-.25 F/F2
-10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pr)2.852 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .351
-(shell option \(see the)2.852 F(description of the)108 144 Q F2(shopt)
-2.5 E F0(command under)2.5 E F1(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)
--.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)72
-160.8 Q F0 .15
+.352(tion, arithmetic e)108 244.8 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F
+-.25(va)-.15 G .352(l, subject to the v).25 F .352(alue of the)-.25 F F1
+(pr)2.852 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .351(shell option \(see the)2.852
+F(description of the)108 256.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(command under)2.5 E
+F2(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)
+-.25 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)72 273.6 Q F0 .15
(This is the library that handles reading input when using an interacti)
-108 172.8 R .451 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .151(hell, unless the).15 F F2
-(\255\255noediting)2.651 E F0(option)2.651 E 1.209(is gi)108 184.8 R
+108 285.6 R .451 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .151(hell, unless the).15 F F1
+(\255\255noediting)2.651 E F0(option)2.651 E 1.209(is gi)108 297.6 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.709(na).15 G 3.709(ts)-3.709 G 1.209(hell in)-3.709 F
-.2(vo)-.4 G 3.709(cation. Line).2 F 1.208
-(editing is also used when using the)3.709 F F
2<ad65>3.708 E F0 1.208
-(option to the)3.708 F F2 -.18(re)3.708 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.708 G
-3.708(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 196.8 Q .851
+(editing is also used when using the)3.709 F F
1<ad65>3.708 E F0 1.208
+(option to the)3.708 F F1 -.18(re)3.708 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.708 G
+3.708(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 309.6 Q .851
(ault, the line editing commands are similar to those of Emacs.)-.1 F
3.351(Av)5.851 G .851(i-style line editing interf)-3.351 F .852
-(ace is also)-.1 F -.2(av)108 208.8 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85
+(ace is also)-.1 F -.2(av)108 321.6 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85
(editing can be enabled at an)3.35 F 3.35(yt)-.15 G .85(ime using the)
--3.35 F F2 .85(\255o emacs)3.35 F F0(or)3.35 E F2 .85(\255o vi)3.35 F F0
-.85(options to the)3.35 F F2(set)3.35 E F0 -.2(bu)3.35 G(iltin).2 E
-(\(see)108 220.8 Q F1 .762(SHELL B)3.262 F(UIL)-.09 E .762(TIN COMMANDS)
+-3.35 F F1 .85(\255o emacs)3.35 F F0(or)3.35 E F1 .85(\255o vi)3.35 F F0
+.85(options to the)3.35 F F1(set)3.35 E F0 -.2(bu)3.35 G(iltin).2 E
+(\(see)108 333.6 Q F2 .762(SHELL B)3.262 F(UIL)-.09 E .762(TIN COMMANDS)
-.828 F F0(belo)3.012 E 3.262(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263(ot)-.8 G .763(urn of)
-3.263 F 3.263(fl)-.25 G .763
-(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F2(+o)3.263 E
-(emacs)108 232.8 Q F0(or)2.5 E F2(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F2
-(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F2(Readline Notation)87 249.6 Q
+(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F1(+o)3.263 E
+(emacs)108 345.6 Q F0(or)2.5 E F1(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F1
+(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(Readline Notation)87 362.4 Q
F0 .463(In this section, the Emacs-style notation is used to denote k)
-108 261.6 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 2.963(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke)
-2.963 G .463(ys are denoted by C\255)-.05 F/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1
-(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A 1.152(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 273.6 R
-(Similarly)6.152 E(,)-.65 E F4(meta)4.032 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153
-(ys are denoted by M\255)-.05 F F4 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.653(,s)C 3.653
-(oM)-3.653 G 1.153(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.653 F(\(On)6.153 E -.1(ke)
-108 285.6 S .831(yboards without a)-.05 F F4(meta)3.711 E F0 -.1(ke)
-3.591 G 2.131 -.65(y, M)-.05 H<ad>.65 E F4(x)A F0 .831(means ESC)3.331 F
-F4(x)3.331 E F0 3.331(,i)C .83(.e., press the Escape k)-3.331 F 1.13
--.15(ey t)-.1 H .83(hen the).15 F F4(x)4.1 E F0 -.1(ke)3.86 G 4.63 -.65
-(y. T)-.05 H .83(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .599(ESC the)108 297.6 R F4 .599
-(meta pr)3.099 F(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.599(.T)C .599
-(he combination M\255C\255)-5.599 F F4(x)A F0 .599
-(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F4(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099(rp)-3.099 G
-.6(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .9 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .6(hen hold).15 F
-(the Control k)108 309.6 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H(hile pressing the).15 E F4
-(x)3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G(\)).65 E .62
-(Readline commands may be gi)108 326.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119(nn).15 G
-(umeric)-3.119 E F4(ar)3.119 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.119(,w).27 G .619
-(hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.119 F(Sometimes,)5.619 E(ho)108
-338.4 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.418 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.118(ti).4 G
-3.119(st)-3.118 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619
+108 374.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 2.963(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke)
+2.963 G .463(ys are denoted by C\255)-.05 F F3 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A
+1.152(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 386.4 R(Similarly)6.152 E(,)
+-.65 E F3(meta)4.032 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153(ys are denoted by M\255)
+-.05 F F3 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.653(,s)C 3.653(oM)-3.653 G 1.153
+(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.653 F(\(On)6.153 E -.1(ke)108 398.4 S .831
+(yboards without a)-.05 F F3(meta)3.711 E F0 -.1(ke)3.591 G 2.131 -.65
+(y, M)-.05 H<ad>.65 E F3(x)A F0 .831(means ESC)3.331 F F3(x)3.331 E F0
+3.331(,i)C .83(.e., press the Escape k)-3.331 F 1.13 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .83
+(hen the).15 F F3(x)4.1 E F0 -.1(ke)3.86 G 4.63 -.65(y. T)-.05 H .83
+(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .599(ESC the)108 410.4 R F3 .599(meta pr)3.099 F
+(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.599(.T)C .599(he combination M\255C\255)-5.599 F F3
+(x)A F0 .599(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F3(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099
+(rp)-3.099 G .6(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .9 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .6
+(hen hold).15 F(the Control k)108 422.4 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H
+(hile pressing the).15 E F3(x)3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G(\))
+.65 E .62(Readline commands may be gi)108 439.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119
+(nn).15 G(umeric)-3.119 E F3(ar)3.119 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.119(,w).27 G
+.619(hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.119 F(Sometimes,)5.619 E
+(ho)108 451.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.418 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.118(ti)
+.4 G 3.119(st)-3.118 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619
(gument that is signi\214cant.)-.18 F -.15(Pa)5.619 G .619(ssing a ne)
.15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .919 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .619
-(ument to a command that).18 F 1.019(acts in the forw)108 350.4 R 1.018
-(ard direction \(e.g.,)-.1 F F2(kill\255line)3.518 E F0 3.518(\)c)C
+(ument to a command that).18 F 1.019(acts in the forw)108 463.2 R 1.018
+(ard direction \(e.g.,)-.1 F F1(kill\255line)3.518 E F0 3.518(\)c)C
1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.018
-(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.018 E(mands whose beha)108 362.4 Q
+(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.018 E(mands whose beha)108 475.2 Q
(vior with ar)-.2 E(guments de)-.18 E(viates from this are noted belo)
--.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .811(When a command is described as)108 379.2 R F4
+-.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .811(When a command is described as)108 492 R F3
(killing)3.311 E F0(te)3.311 E .811(xt, the te)-.15 F .811
(xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .812
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-108 708 R .448(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F .448(When a v)5.448 F
-.448(ariable v)-.25 F .448(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .448
-(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-)-.25 F(ti)108 720 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .467
-(\), and "1" are equi).15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(On)
-2.968 E F0 5.468(.A)C .468(ll other v)-5.468 F .468(alues are equi)-.25
-F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .468
-(he v)-5.468 F .468(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E
-(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2014 February 2)141.79 E(37)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
+.15 F F2(bind)2.929 E F0 -.2(bu)2.929 G .429(iltin command.).2 F
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E -.25(va)108 84 S(lues are:).25 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
-(bell\255style \(audible\))108 100.8 Q F0 .011
-(Controls what happens when readline w)144 112.8 R .011
+-.35 E .045(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 84 R
+.345 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
+<ad6f>2.546 E F0 .046(option to the)2.546 F F1(set)2.546 E F0 -.2(bu)
+2.546 G .046(iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 96 Q/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
+(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25
+E F1(Readline V)87 112.8 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .044(Readline has v)108
+124.8 R .043(ariables that can be used to further customize its beha)
+-.25 F(vior)-.2 E 5.043(.A)-.55 G -.25(va)-2.5 G .043
+(riable may be set in the).25 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inpu-)2.553 E
+(tr)108 136.8 Q(c)-.37 E F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E
+F1(set)144 153.6 Q F3(variable\255name value)2.5 E F0 .79
+(Except where noted, readline v)108 170.4 R .79(ariables can tak)-.25 F
+3.29(et)-.1 G .79(he v)-3.29 F(alues)-.25 E F1(On)3.29 E F0(or)3.29 E F1
+(Off)3.29 E F0 .79(\(without re)3.29 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .79(rd to case\).)
+.05 F(Unrecog-)5.79 E .449(nized v)108 182.4 R .448
+(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F .448(When a v)5.448 F .448(ariable v)
+-.25 F .448(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .448
+(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-)-.25 F(ti)108 194.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .467
+(\), and "1" are equi).15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(On)
+2.968 E F0 5.468(.A)C .468(ll other v)-5.468 F .468(alues are equi)-.25
+F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .468
+(he v)-5.468 F .468(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108
+206.4 S(lues are:).25 E F1(bell\255style \(audible\))108 223.2 Q F0 .011
+(Controls what happens when readline w)144 235.2 R .011
(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .01(If set to)5.01 F F1(none)2.51
E F0 2.51(,r)C .01(eadline ne)-2.51 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .94
-(rings the bell.)144 124.8 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F1(visible)3.44 E F0
+(rings the bell.)144 247.2 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F1(visible)3.44 E F0
3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25(va)
-.2 G 3.44(ilable. If).25 F .94(set to)3.44 F F1(audible)3.44 E F0(,)A
-(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 136.8 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G(ell.)
--2.5 E F1(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 148.8 Q F0 .056
-(If set to)144 160.8 R F1(On)2.556 E F0 2.556(,r)C .056(eadline attempt\
+(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 259.2 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G(ell.)
+-2.5 E F1(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 271.2 Q F0 .056
+(If set to)144 283.2 R F1(On)2.556 E F0 2.556(,r)C .056(eadline attempt\
s to bind the control characters treated specially by the k)-2.556 F
-(ernel')-.1 E 2.555(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.555 E(nal dri)144 172.8 Q -.15
+(ernel')-.1 E 2.555(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.555 E(nal dri)144 295.2 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(heir readline equi)-2.5 E -.25(va)
--.25 G(lents.).25 E F1(color)108 184.8 Q(ed\255stats \(Off\))-.18 E F0
-1.579(If set to)144 196.8 R F1(On)4.079 E F0 4.079(,r)C 1.579
+-.25 G(lents.).25 E F1(color)108 307.2 Q(ed\255stats \(Off\))-.18 E F0
+1.579(If set to)144 319.2 R F1(On)4.079 E F0 4.079(,r)C 1.579
(eadline displays possible completions using dif)-4.079 F 1.58
-(ferent colors to indicate their \214le)-.25 F 2.5(type. The)144 208.8 R
+(ferent colors to indicate their \214le)-.25 F 2.5(type. The)144 331.2 R
(color de\214nitions are tak)2.5 E(en from the v)-.1 E(alue of the)-.25
E F1(LS_COLORS)2.5 E F0(en)2.5 E(vironment v)-.4 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1
-(comment\255begin \(`)108 220.8 Q(`#')-.63 E('\))-.63 E F0 .885
-(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 232.8 R F1
+(comment\255begin \(`)108 343.2 Q(`#')-.63 E('\))-.63 E F0 .885
+(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 355.2 R F1
(insert\255comment)3.385 E F0 .884(command is e)3.384 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-3.384(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.384 E(mand is bound to)144 244.8 Q F1
+3.384(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.384 E(mand is bound to)144 367.2 Q F1
(M\255#)2.5 E F0(in emacs mode and to)2.5 E F1(#)2.5 E F0
-(in vi command mode.)2.5 E F1(completion\255ignor)108 256.8 Q
-(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 268.8 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5
+(in vi command mode.)2.5 E F1(completion\255ignor)108 379.2 Q
+(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 391.2 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5
(,r)C(eadline performs \214lename matching and completion in a case\255\
insensiti)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.25 H(ashion.).05 E F1(completion\255pr)
-108 280.8 Q(e\214x\255display\255length \(0\))-.18 E F0 .829(The length\
+108 403.2 Q(e\214x\255display\255length \(0\))-.18 E F0 .829(The length\
in characters of the common pre\214x of a list of possible completions\
- that is displayed)144 292.8 R 1.275(without modi\214cation.)144 304.8 R
+ that is displayed)144 415.2 R 1.275(without modi\214cation.)144 427.2 R
1.275(When set to a v)6.275 F 1.274
(alue greater than zero, common pre\214x)-.25 F 1.274
-(es longer than this)-.15 F -.25(va)144 316.8 S(lue are replaced with a\
+(es longer than this)-.15 F -.25(va)144 439.2 S(lue are replaced with a\
n ellipsis when displaying possible completions.).25 E F1
-(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 328.8 Q F0 .529
-(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 340.8 R .53
+(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 451.2 Q F0 .529
+(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 463.2 R .53
(wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .561(erated by the)
-144 352.8 R F1(possible\255completions)3.061 E F0 3.061(command. It)
+144 475.2 R F1(possible\255completions)3.061 E F0 3.061(command. It)
3.061 F .561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.06(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.06 E .56
(ger v)-.15 F .56(alue greater than or)-.25 F .782(equal to zero.)144
-364.8 R .783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or e\
-qual to the v)5.782 F .783(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 376.8 S .237
+487.2 R .783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or e\
+qual to the v)5.782 F .783(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 499.2 S .237
(riable, the user is ask).25 F .237(ed whether or not he wishes to vie)
-.1 F 2.737(wt)-.25 G .237(hem; otherwise the)-2.737 F 2.737(ya)-.15 G
-.237(re simply listed)-2.737 F(on the terminal.)144 388.8 Q F1(con)108
-400.8 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .612(If set to)144 412.8
+.237(re simply listed)-2.737 F(on the terminal.)144 511.2 Q F1(con)108
+523.2 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .612(If set to)144 535.2
R F1(On)3.112 E F0 3.112(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.112 F -.15(ve)-.4
G .613(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .913
-.15(ey s)-.1 H .613(equence by).15 F .541
(stripping the eighth bit and pre\214xing an escape character \(in ef)
-144 424.8 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
-SF .541(meta pr)3.041 F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 436.8 Q F0(\).)A F1
-(disable\255completion \(Off\))108 448.8 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 460.8 R
-F1(On)2.538 E F0 2.538(,r)C .038(eadline will inhibit w)-2.538 F .038
-(ord completion.)-.1 F .038
+144 547.2 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F F3 .541(meta pr)3.041
+F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 559.2 Q F0(\).)A F1(disable\255completion \(Off\))
+108 571.2 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 583.2 R F1(On)2.538 E F0 2.538(,r)C
+.038(eadline will inhibit w)-2.538 F .038(ord completion.)-.1 F .038
(Completion characters will be inserted into the)5.038 F(line as if the)
-144 472.8 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E
-F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 484.8 Q F0 .142
-(Controls whether readline be)144 496.8 R .141(gins with a set of k)-.15
-F .441 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .141(indings similar to).15 F F2(Emacs)2.641 E F0
-(or)2.641 E F2(vi)2.641 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)5.141 E F0
-(can be set to either)144 508.8 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(vi)2.5 E
-F0(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 520.8 Q(ol\255characters \(On\))-.18 E F0
-1.21(When set to)144 532.8 R F1(On)3.71 E F0 3.71(,o)C 3.71(no)-3.71 G
+144 595.2 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E
+F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 607.2 Q F0 .142
+(Controls whether readline be)144 619.2 R .141(gins with a set of k)-.15
+F .441 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .141(indings similar to).15 F F3(Emacs)2.641 E F0
+(or)2.641 E F3(vi)2.641 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)5.141 E F0
+(can be set to either)144 631.2 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(vi)2.5 E
+F0(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 643.2 Q(ol\255characters \(On\))-.18 E F0
+1.21(When set to)144 655.2 R F1(On)3.71 E F0 3.71(,o)C 3.71(no)-3.71 G
1.211(perating systems that indicate the)-3.71 F 3.711(ys)-.15 G 1.211
(upport it, readline echoes a character)-3.711 F
-(corresponding to a signal generated from the k)144 544.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1
-G(board.).15 E F1(enable\255k)108 556.8 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .893
-(When set to)144 568.8 R F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893
+(corresponding to a signal generated from the k)144 667.2 Q -.15(ey)-.1
+G(board.).15 E F1(enable\255k)108 679.2 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .893
+(When set to)144 691.2 R F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893
(eadline will try to enable the application k)-3.393 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .892(Some sys-)5.893 F
-(tems need this to enable the arro)144 580.8 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)
--2.6 G(s.).15 E F1(enable\255meta\255k)108 592.8 Q(ey \(On\))-.1 E F0
-.64(When set to)144 604.8 R F1(On)3.14 E F0 3.14(,r)C .64
-(eadline will try to enable an)-3.14 F 3.14(ym)-.15 G .64
-(eta modi\214er k)-3.14 F .94 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .64
-(he terminal claims to support).15 F(when it is called.)144 616.8 Q
-(On man)5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G(erminals, the meta k)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ey i)-.1 H
-2.5(su).15 G(sed to send eight-bit characters.)-2.5 E F1
-(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 628.8 Q F0(If set to)144 640.8 Q F1(On)2.5
-E F0 2.5(,t)C(ilde e)-2.5 E
-(xpansion is performed when readline attempts w)-.15 E(ord completion.)
--.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 652.8 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1(ve)-.1 G
-(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 1.339(If set to)144 664.8 R F1(On)3.839 E F0
-3.839(,t)C 1.338(he history code attempts to place point at the same lo\
-cation on each history line)-3.839 F(retrie)144 676.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
-2.5(dw).15 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious-history).15 E F0
-(or)2.5 E F1(next-history)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(history\255size \(0\))108
-688.8 Q F0 .948(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 700.8 R
--.15(ve)-.2 G 3.448(di).15 G 3.448(nt)-3.448 G .948(he history list.)
--3.448 F .949(If set to zero, an)5.948 F 3.449(ye)-.15 G(xisting)-3.599
-E .483(history entries are deleted and no ne)144 712.8 R 2.983(we)-.25 G
-.483(ntries are sa)-2.983 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.983(d. If).15 F .482
-(set to a v)2.983 F .482(alue less than zero, the num-)-.25 F
-(ber of history entries is not limited.)144 724.8 Q(By def)5 E
-(ault, the number of history entries is not limited.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.3)
-72 768 Q(2014 February 2)141.79 E(38)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
+(tems need this to enable the arro)144 703.2 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)
+-2.6 G(s.).15 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2014 August 27)142.895 E(38)
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(horizontal\255scr)108 84 Q
-(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .448(When set to)144 96 R F1(On)2.948 E
-F0 2.948(,m)C(ak)-2.948 E .448
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(enable\255meta\255k)108 84 Q(ey \(On\))-.1
+E F0 .64(When set to)144 96 R F1(On)3.14 E F0 3.14(,r)C .64
+(eadline will try to enable an)-3.14 F 3.14(ym)-.15 G .64
+(eta modi\214er k)-3.14 F .94 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .64
+(he terminal claims to support).15 F(when it is called.)144 108 Q
+(On man)5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G(erminals, the meta k)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ey i)-.1 H
+2.5(su).15 G(sed to send eight-bit characters.)-2.5 E F1
+(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 120 Q F0(If set to)144 132 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0
+2.5(,t)C(ilde e)-2.5 E(xpansion is performed when readline attempts w)
+-.15 E(ord completion.)-.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 144 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1
+(ve)-.1 G(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 1.339(If set to)144 156 R F1(On)
+3.839 E F0 3.839(,t)C 1.338(he history code attempts to place point at \
+the same location on each history line)-3.839 F(retrie)144 168 Q -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E -.15(ev)-.18 G
+(ious-history).15 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(next-history)2.5 E F0(.)A F1
+(history\255size \(0\))108 180 Q F0 .948
+(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 192 R -.15(ve)-.2 G
+3.448(di).15 G 3.448(nt)-3.448 G .948(he history list.)-3.448 F .949
+(If set to zero, an)5.948 F 3.449(ye)-.15 G(xisting)-3.599 E .483
+(history entries are deleted and no ne)144 204 R 2.983(we)-.25 G .483
+(ntries are sa)-2.983 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.983(d. If).15 F .482(set to a v)
+2.983 F .482(alue less than zero, the num-)-.25 F
+(ber of history entries is not limited.)144 216 Q(By def)5 E
+(ault, the number of history entries is not limited.)-.1 E F1
+(horizontal\255scr)108 228 Q(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .448
+(When set to)144 240 R F1(On)2.948 E F0 2.948(,m)C(ak)-2.948 E .448
(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G .449
(crolling the input horizontally on a)-2.948 F 1.194(single screen line\
when it becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a\
- ne)144 108 R(w)-.25 E(line.)144 120 Q F1(input\255meta \(Off\))108 132
-Q F0 .227(If set to)144 144 R F1(On)2.727 E F0 2.727(,r)C .228(eadline \
+ ne)144 252 R(w)-.25 E(line.)144 264 Q F1(input\255meta \(Off\))108 276
+Q F0 .227(If set to)144 288 R F1(On)2.727 E F0 2.727(,r)C .228(eadline \
will enable eight-bit input \(that is, it will not strip the high bit f\
-rom the char)-2.727 F(-)-.2 E .957(acters it reads\), re)144 156 R -.05
+rom the char)-2.727 F(-)-.2 E .957(acters it reads\), re)144 300 R -.05
(ga)-.15 G .956(rdless of what the terminal claims it can support.).05 F
.956(The name)5.956 F F1(meta\255\215ag)3.456 E F0 .956(is a)3.456 F
-(synon)144 168 Q(ym for this v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(isear)108 180 Q
+(synon)144 312 Q(ym for this v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(isear)108 324 Q
(ch\255terminators \(`)-.18 E(`C\255[C\255J')-.63 E('\))-.63 E F0 .439(\
The string of characters that should terminate an incremental search wi\
-thout subsequently e)144 192 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E .935
-(ing the character as a command.)144 204 R .935(If this v)5.935 F .935
+thout subsequently e)144 336 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E .935
+(ing the character as a command.)144 348 R .935(If this v)5.935 F .935
(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.434(nav).15 G .934
(alue, the characters)-3.684 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ESC)3.434 E F0
-(and)144 216 Q F2(C\255J)2.5 E F0(will terminate an incremental search.)
-2.5 E F1 -.1(ke)108 228 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.02
-(Set the current readline k)144 240 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F
+(and)144 360 Q F2(C\255J)2.5 E F0(will terminate an incremental search.)
+2.5 E F1 -.1(ke)108 372 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.02
+(Set the current readline k)144 384 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F
2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021(alid k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021
(map names is).15 F F2 2.021(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.521 F(d,)-.37 E
-.069(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 252 R F0 2.568
+.069(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 396 R F0 2.568
(,a)C(nd)-2.568 E F2(vi\255insert)2.568 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)5.068 E F0
.068(is equi)2.568 F -.25(va)-.25 G .068(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command)
-2.568 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.568 E F0 1.543(is equi)144 264 R -.25(va)-.25
+2.568 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.568 E F0 1.543(is equi)144 408 R -.25(va)-.25
G 1.543(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)4.044 E(d)-.37 E F0 6.544(.T)C
1.544(he def)-6.544 F 1.544(ault v)-.1 F 1.544(alue is)-.25 F F2(emacs)
4.044 E F0 4.044(;t).27 G 1.544(he v)-4.044 F 1.544(alue of)-.25 F F1
-(editing\255mode)4.044 E F0(also)4.044 E(af)144 276 Q(fects the def)-.25
-E(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1 -.1(ke)108 288 S
-(yseq\255timeout \(500\)).1 E F0 .368(Speci\214es the duration)144 300 R
+(editing\255mode)4.044 E F0(also)4.044 E(af)144 420 Q(fects the def)-.25
+E(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1 -.1(ke)108 432 S
+(yseq\255timeout \(500\)).1 E F0 .368(Speci\214es the duration)144 444 R
F2 -.37(re)2.867 G(adline).37 E F0 .367(will w)2.867 F .367
(ait for a character when reading an ambiguous k)-.1 F .667 -.15(ey s)
--.1 H(equence).15 E 1.356(\(one that can form a complete k)144 312 R
+-.1 H(equence).15 E 1.356(\(one that can form a complete k)144 456 R
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-(or the application using readline.)144 393.6 R .477(The te)5.477 F .477
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-(Perform history e)144 672 R .939(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F
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-(ve f)-.15 H .394(or a description of alias e).15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)
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-(Perform history and alias e)144 132 Q(xpansion on the current line.)
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(cution and fetch the ne).15 F .948(xt line relati)-.15 F 1.248 -.15
(ve t)-.25 H 3.448(ot).15 G .948(he current line from the)-3.448 F
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(ument is ignored.).18 E F1
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-216 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.226 -.1(ke a).2 H 3.526(ne).1 G 1.026
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(ditor on the current command line, and e)-3.526 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.026
(cute the result as shell commands.).15 F F1(Bash)6.026 E F0
-(attempts to in)144 228 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F2($VISU)2.6 E(AL)
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(and)2.25 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(emacs)2.5 E F0(as the editor)2.5 E
2.5(,i)-.4 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(hat order)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(Commands f)87
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Q F1(\(usually C\255d\))2.5 E F0 .798
-(The character indicating end-of-\214le as set, for e)144 268.8 R .799
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(xample, by)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(stty)3.299 E F0 5.799(.I)C 3.299
(ft)-5.799 G .799(his character is read when)-3.299 F .592
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-(Delete the character at point.)144 316.8 R .442
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(If this function is bound to the same character as the tty)5.441 F F1
-(EOF)2.942 E F0(char)2.942 E(-)-.2 E(acter)144 328.8 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(s)
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(or the ef).15 E(fects.)-.25 E F1(backward\255delete\255char \(Rubout\))
-108 340.8 Q F0 .553(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 352.8 R
+108 472.8 Q F0 .553(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 484.8 R
5.553(.W)-.55 G .553(hen gi)-5.553 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.053(nan).15 G .553
(umeric ar)-3.053 F .552(gument, sa)-.18 F .852 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .552
-(he deleted te).15 F .552(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 364.8 Q F1
--.25(fo)108 376.8 S(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .473
-(Delete the character under the cursor)144 388.8 R 2.973(,u)-.4 G .474
+(he deleted te).15 F .552(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 496.8 Q F1
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(nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.973 F
-(character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 400.8 Q F1
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(erbatim. This)-.15 F .779(is ho)3.279 F 3.279(wt)-.25 G 3.279(oi)-3.279
G .779(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F1(C\255q)3.278 E F0 3.278
-(,f)C(or)-3.278 E -.15(ex)144 436.8 S(ample.).15 E F1
-(tab\255insert \(C\255v T)108 448.8 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0
-(Insert a tab character)144 460.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1
-(self\255insert \(a, b, A, 1, !, ...\))108 472.8 Q F0
-(Insert the character typed.)144 484.8 Q F1
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-(Drag the character before point forw)144 508.8 R .321(ard o)-.1 F -.15
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+(Insert the character typed.)144 616.8 Q F1
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(ve)-.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .322
(ving point forw)-.15 F .322(ard as well.)-.1 F 1.182
(If point is at the end of the line, then this transposes the tw)144
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-(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 604.8 S(rd, b).1
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(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.648(ument, lo).18 F 1.648(wercase the pre)
--.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 640.8 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3
--.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 652.8 Q
-(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.975(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144
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--.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.974
-(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 676.8 S(rd, b)
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(xplicit positi)-.15 F .738 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .438(umeric ar).15 F .438
(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4
-(Wi)144 712.8 S .781(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081
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(gument, switches to insert mode.)-.18 F .78(This command af)5.781 F
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--.35 E 3.969(mode. In)144 84 R -.15(ove)3.969 G 1.469
-(rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF
-(self\255insert)3.969 E F0 1.468(replace the te)3.969 F 1.468
-(xt at point rather than)-.15 F .957(pushing the te)144 96 R .957
-(xt to the right.)-.15 F .958(Characters bound to)5.957 F F1
-(backward\255delete\255char)3.458 E F0 .958(replace the character)3.458
-F(before point with a space.)144 108 Q(By def)5 E
-(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87 124.8 Q
-(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 136.8 Q F0(Kill the te)144
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-(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 160.8 Q F0(Kill backw)
-144 172.8 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1
-(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 184.8 Q F0(Kill backw)144 196.8
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+(Kill the te)144 304.8 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1
+(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 316.8 Q F0(Kill backw)
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Q(ard from point to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E
(The killed te)5 E(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)
--2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 208.8 Q F0
+-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 364.8 Q F0
(Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.)144
-220.8 Q F1(kill\255w)108 232.8 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .729
-(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 244.8 R .728
+376.8 Q F1(kill\255w)108 388.8 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .729
+(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 400.8 R .728
(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .728
-(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 256.8 S
+(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 412.8 S
(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -.25(fo)2.5 G
-(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 268.8 Q
-(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 280.8 Q(ord behind point.)
+(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 424.8 Q
+(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 436.8 Q(ord behind point.)
-.1 E -.8(Wo)5 G(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1
-(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 292.8 Q
-(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .728
-(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 304.8 R .729
-(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .729
-(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 316.8 S
+(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 448.8 Q
+(ord)-.1 E F0 .728(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 460.8
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(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1(shell\255f)2.5 E
(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255backward\255kill\255w)
-108 328.8 Q(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0 3.025(Kill the w)144 340.8 R
-3.025(ord behind point.)-.1 F -.8(Wo)8.025 G 3.025
+108 484.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0 3.025(Kill the w)144 496.8 R 3.025
+(ord behind point.)-.1 F -.8(Wo)8.025 G 3.025
(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 F F1(shell\255back-)
-5.525 E(ward\255w)144 352.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 364.8 Q
-(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .364(Kill the w)144 376.8 R .364
+5.525 E(ward\255w)144 508.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 520.8 Q
+(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .364(Kill the w)144 532.8 R .364
(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .365(ord boundary)-.1
F 5.365(.T)-.65 G .365(he killed te)-5.365 F .365(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15
(ve)-.2 G 2.865(do).15 G 2.865(nt)-2.865 G(he)-2.865 E(kill-ring.)144
-388.8 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 400.8 Q F0 .167(Kill the w)
-144 412.8 R .166
+544.8 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 556.8 Q F0 .167(Kill the w)
+144 568.8 R .166
(ord behind point, using white space and the slash character as the w)
--.1 F .166(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.166 E(killed te)144 424.8 Q
+-.1 F .166(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.166 E(killed te)144 580.8 Q
(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)
--2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 436.8 Q F0
-(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 448.8 Q F1(kill\255r)108
-460.8 Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 472.8 Q(xt in the current re)
--.15 E(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 484.8 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E
-F0(Cop)144 496.8 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E
+-2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 592.8 Q F0
+(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 604.8 Q F1(kill\255r)108
+616.8 Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 628.8 Q(xt in the current re)
+-.15 E(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 640.8 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E
+F0(Cop)144 652.8 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E
(gion to the kill b)-.15 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F1
-(copy\255backward\255w)108 508.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 520.8 Q 4.8(yt)
+(copy\255backward\255w)108 664.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 676.8 Q 4.8(yt)
-.1 G 2.3(he w)-4.8 F 2.3(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2 E
(fer)-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.301
(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.801 E(ward\255w)144
-532.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 544.8 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E
-(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 556.8 Q 4.508(yt)-.1 G 2.008(he w)-4.508 F 2.008
+688.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 700.8 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E
+(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 712.8 Q 4.508(yt)-.1 G 2.008(he w)-4.508 F 2.008
(ord follo)-.1 F 2.008(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25
E 7.007(.T)-.55 G 2.007(he w)-7.007 F 2.007
(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 -.25(fo)4.507 G -.37(r-).25 G
-(ward\255w)144 568.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(yank \(C\255y\))108 580.8 Q
-F0 -1(Ya)144 592.8 S(nk the top of the kill ring into the b)1 E(uf)-.2 E
-(fer at point.)-.25 E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 604.8 Q F0
-(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 616.8 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5
+(ward\255w)144 724.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q
+(2014 August 27)142.895 E(44)192.055 E 0 Cg EP
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(yank \(C\255y\))108 84 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 96 S
+(nk the top of the kill ring into the b)1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer at point.)-.25
+E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 108 Q F0
+(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 120 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5
(op. Only)-2.5 F -.1(wo)2.5 G(rks follo).1 E(wing)-.25 E F1(yank)2.5 E
-F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 633.6 Q
-(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 645.6 Q
+F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 136.8 Q
+(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 148.8 Q
(gument \(M\2550, M\2551, ..., M\255\255\))-.1 E F0 .641
-(Add this digit to the ar)144 657.6 R .641
+(Add this digit to the ar)144 160.8 R .641
(gument already accumulating, or start a ne)-.18 F 3.141(wa)-.25 G -.18
(rg)-3.141 G 3.142(ument. M\255\255).18 F .642(starts a ne)3.142 F(g-)
--.15 E(ati)144 669.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G(ument.).18 E F1
-(uni)108 681.6 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0 .779
-(This is another w)144 693.6 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F 3.279
+-.15 E(ati)144 172.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G(ument.).18 E F1
+(uni)108 184.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0 .779
+(This is another w)144 196.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F 3.279
(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .778
(wed by one or more digits,)-.25 F 1.376
(optionally with a leading minus sign, those digits de\214ne the ar)144
-705.6 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144
-717.6 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni)
+208.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144
+220.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni)
3.67 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(ag)3.67 E 1.17
(ain ends the numeric ar)-.05 F 1.17(gument, b)-.18 F 1.17(ut is other)
--.2 F(-)-.2 E .898(wise ignored.)144 729.6 R .898
+-.2 F(-)-.2 E .898(wise ignored.)144 232.8 R .898
(As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.898 F .898
-(wed by a character that is)-.25 F(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q
-(2014 February 2)141.79 E(44)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
-%%Page: 45 45
-%%BeginPageSetup
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E .243(neither a digit or minus sign, the ar)144 84 R .243
+(wed by a character that is)-.25 F .243
+(neither a digit or minus sign, the ar)144 244.8 R .243
(gument count for the ne)-.18 F .243(xt command is multiplied by four)
--.15 F 5.242(.T)-.55 G(he)-5.242 E(ar)144 96 Q .378
+-.15 F 5.242(.T)-.55 G(he)-5.242 E(ar)144 256.8 Q .378
(gument count is initially one, so e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .378
(cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .378(es the ar)-.1 F
-.378(gument count)-.18 F(four)144 108 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)
--2.5 E(es the ar)-.1 E(gument count sixteen, and so on.)-.18 E/F1 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(Completing)87 124.8 Q(complete \(T)108 136.8 Q(AB\))-.9
-E F0 1.137(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 148.8 R 1.137
+.378(gument count)-.18 F(four)144 268.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)
+-2.5 E(es the ar)-.1 E(gument count sixteen, and so on.)-.18 E F1
+(Completing)87 285.6 Q(complete \(T)108 297.6 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137
+(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 309.6 R 1.137
(xt before point.)-.15 F F1(Bash)6.137 E F0 1.137
-(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 160.8 Q .532(xt as a v)
+(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 321.6 Q .532(xt as a v)
-.15 F .532(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .532(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with)
-.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .533(xt be)-.15 F
.533(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.033 E F0 .533(\), hostname \(if the)B(te)
-144 172.8 Q .702(xt be)-.15 F .702(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.202 E F0 .701
+144 333.6 Q .702(xt be)-.15 F .702(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.202 E F0 .701
(\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .701
(If none of these pro-)5.701 F
-(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 184.8 Q F1
-(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 196.8 Q F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 208.8 Q(xt before point.)
--.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 220.8 Q F0 .783
-(Insert all completions of the te)144 232.8 R .783
+(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 345.6 Q F1
+(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 357.6 Q F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 369.6 Q(xt before point.)
+-.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 381.6 Q F0 .783
+(Insert all completions of the te)144 393.6 R .783
(xt before point that w)-.15 F .783(ould ha)-.1 F 1.083 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
.783(een generated by).15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.283 E(pletions)144
-244.8 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 256.8 Q F0 .929(Similar to)144
-268.8 R F1(complete)3.429 E F0 3.429(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.629
+405.6 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 417.6 Q F0 .929(Similar to)144
+429.6 R F1(complete)3.429 E F0 3.429(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.629
F .929(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F
-1.193(possible completions.)144 280.8 R 1.193(Repeated e)6.193 F -.15
+1.193(possible completions.)144 441.6 R 1.193(Repeated e)6.193 F -.15
(xe)-.15 G 1.193(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.194
(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .829
-(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 292.8 R .828
+(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 453.6 R .828
(At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung)5.828 F .727
-(\(subject to the setting of)144 304.8 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0
+(\(subject to the setting of)144 465.6 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0
3.227(\)a)C .727(nd the original te)-3.227 F .727(xt is restored.)-.15 F
.727(An ar)5.727 F .727(gument of)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.227
E F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.228 E F0 1.73
-(positions forw)144 316.8 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F
+(positions forw)144 477.6 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F
-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.03 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.73
(ument may be used to mo).18 F 2.03 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ackw).15 E(ard)-.1
-E(through the list.)144 328.8 Q(This command is intended to be bound to)
+E(through the list.)144 489.6 Q(This command is intended to be bound to)
5 E F1 -.9(TA)2.5 G(B).9 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut is unbound by def)-2.7 E
-(ault.)-.1 E F1(menu\255complete\255backward)108 340.8 Q F0 .82
-(Identical to)144 352.8 R F1(menu\255complete)3.32 E F0 3.32(,b)C .82
+(ault.)-.1 E F1(menu\255complete\255backward)108 501.6 Q F0 .82
+(Identical to)144 513.6 R F1(menu\255complete)3.32 E F0 3.32(,b)C .82
(ut mo)-3.52 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.32(sb).15 G(ackw)-3.32 E .82
(ard through the list of possible completions, as if)-.1 F F1
-(menu\255complete)144 364.8 Q F0(had been gi)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
+(menu\255complete)144 525.6 Q F0(had been gi)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(nan).15 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-2.5 H(ti).15 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg)
.15 G 2.5(ument. This).18 F(command is unbound by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E
-F1(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 376.8 Q F0 .234
-(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 388.8 R
+F1(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 537.6 Q F0 .234
+(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 549.6 R
.234(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)
-2.734 E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 400.8 R -.15
+2.734 E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 561.6 R -.15
(ve)-.2 G 2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1
(possible\255completions)2.925 E F0 5.425(.T)C .425
-(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144 412.8 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1
-(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 424.8 Q F0
-(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 436.8 Q(xt before point.)
--.15 E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 448.8 Q
-F0(List the possible completions of the te)144 460.8 Q
+(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144 573.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1
+(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 585.6 Q F0
+(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 597.6 Q(xt before point.)
+-.15 E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 609.6 Q
+F0(List the possible completions of the te)144 621.6 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a \214lename.)-.15 E F1
-(complete\255user)108 472.8 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 484.8 Q
+(complete\255user)108 633.6 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 645.6 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(possible\255user)
-108 496.8 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 508.8 Q
+108 657.6 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 669.6 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(complete\255v)108
-520.8 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144
-532.8 Q(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E
-F1(possible\255v)108 544.8 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E
-F0(List the possible completions of the te)144 556.8 Q
-(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1
-(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 568.8 Q F0
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 580.8 Q
+681.6 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144
+693.6 Q(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E
+F1(possible\255v)108 705.6 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E
+F0(List the possible completions of the te)144 717.6 Q
+(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E
+(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2014 August 27)142.895 E(45)192.055 E 0 Cg EP
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+%%BeginPageSetup
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+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 84 Q F0
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 96 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1
-(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 592.8 Q F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 604.8 Q
+(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 108 Q F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 120 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1
-(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 616.8 Q F0 .581
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 628.8 R .581
+(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 132 Q F0 .581
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 144 R .581
(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .58
-(Command comple-)5.58 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 640.8 R
+(Command comple-)5.58 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 156 R
.715(xt ag)-.15 F .715(ainst aliases, reserv)-.05 F .715(ed w)-.15 F
.715(ords, shell functions, shell b)-.1 F .715(uiltins, and)-.2 F
-(\214nally e)144 652.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
+(\214nally e)144 168 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G
(cutable \214lenames, in that order).15 E(.)-.55 E F1
-(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 664.8 Q F0
-(List the possible completions of the te)144 676.8 Q
+(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 180 Q F0
+(List the possible completions of the te)144 192 Q
(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 E F1
-(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 688.8 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .425
-(Attempt completion on the te)144 700.8 R .425
+(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 204 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .425
+(Attempt completion on the te)144 216 R .425
(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .424
(ainst lines from the history list)-.05 F
-(for possible completion matches.)144 712.8 Q(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q
-(2014 February 2)141.79 E(45)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
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-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(dab)108 84 Q(br)-.1 E -.15(ev)-.18 G
-(\255expand).15 E F0 .61(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 96 R .611
+(for possible completion matches.)144 228 Q F1(dab)108 240 Q(br)-.1 E
+-.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .61
+(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 252 R .611
(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .611(xt ag)-.15 F .611
(ainst lines from the his-)-.05 F
-(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 108 Q F1
-(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 120 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\
+(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 264 Q F1
+(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 276 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\
me completion and insert the list of possible completions enclosed with\
-in braces so)144 132 R(the list is a)144 144 Q -.25(va)-.2 G
+in braces so)144 288 R(the list is a)144 300 Q -.25(va)-.2 G
(ilable to the shell \(see).25 E F1(Brace Expansion)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 160.8 S(yboard Macr).25 E(os)-.18
-E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 172.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\))
-.833 E F0(Be)144 184.8 Q(gin sa)-.15 E
+-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 316.8 S(yboard Macr).25 E(os)-.18
+E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 328.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\))
+.833 E F0(Be)144 340.8 Q(gin sa)-.15 E
(ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G
-(board macro.).15 E F1(end\255kbd\255macr)108 196.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G
-(C\255x \))-2.5 E(\)).833 E F0(Stop sa)144 208.8 Q
+(board macro.).15 E F1(end\255kbd\255macr)108 352.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G
+(C\255x \))-2.5 E(\)).833 E F0(Stop sa)144 364.8 Q
(ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G
(board macro and store the de\214nition.).15 E F1
-(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 220.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5
-E F0(Re-e)144 232.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G .999(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)
+(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 376.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5
+E F0(Re-e)144 388.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G .999(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)
-.1 G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro\
- appear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 244.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15
-E F1(print\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 256.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(\))-2.5 E
-F0(Print the last k)144 268.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G
+ appear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 400.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15
+E F1(print\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 412.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(\))-2.5 E
+F0(Print the last k)144 424.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G
(board macro de\214ned in a format suitable for the).15 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1
-(Miscellaneous)87
285.6 Q -.18(re)108 297.6 S<ad72>.18 E
+(Miscellaneous)87
441.6 Q -.18(re)108 453.6 S<ad72>.18 E
(ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.777
-(Read in the contents of the)144 309.6 R F2(inputr)4.277 E(c)-.37 E F0
+(Read in the contents of the)144 465.6 R F2(inputr)4.277 E(c)-.37 E F0
1.776(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.276(yb)-.15 G 1.776
(indings or v)-4.276 F 1.776(ariable assignments)-.25 F(found there.)144
-321.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 333.6 Q F0 3.248
-(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 345.6 R
+477.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 489.6 Q F0 3.248
+(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 501.6 R
5.749(sb)-.55 G 3.249(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.749 F F1
-(bell\255style)144 357.6 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255upper)108 369.6 Q
+(bell\255style)144 513.6 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255upper)108 525.6 Q
(case\255v)-.18 E(ersion \(M\255a, M\255b, M\255)-.1 E F2(x)A F1 2.5(,.)
-C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.756(If the meta\214ed character)144 381.6 R F2(x)
+C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.756(If the meta\214ed character)144 537.6 R F2(x)
4.256 E F0 1.755(is lo)4.256 F 1.755
(wercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)-.25 F
-(uppercase character)144 393.6 Q(.)-.55 E F1(pr)108 405.6 Q
-(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0(Metafy the ne)144 417.6 Q
+(uppercase character)144 549.6 Q(.)-.55 E F1(pr)108 561.6 Q
+(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0(Metafy the ne)144 573.6 Q
(xt character typed.)-.15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ESC)5 E F1(f)2.25 E F0
(is equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(Meta\255f)2.5 E F0(.)A F1
-(undo \(C\255_, C\255x C\255u\))108 429.6 Q F0
-(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 441.6 Q F1
--2.29 -.18(re v)108 453.6 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 1.095
-(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 465.6 R 1.095(This is lik)6.095
+(undo \(C\255_, C\255x C\255u\))108 585.6 Q F0
+(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 597.6 Q F1
+-2.29 -.18(re v)108 609.6 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 1.095
+(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 621.6 R 1.095(This is lik)6.095
F 3.595(ee)-.1 G -.15(xe)-3.745 G 1.095(cuting the).15 F F1(undo)3.595 E
F0 1.095(command enough times to)3.595 F
-(return the line to its initial state.)144 477.6 Q F1
-(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 489.6 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 501.6 Q
+(return the line to its initial state.)144 633.6 Q F1
+(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 645.6 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 657.6 Q
(xpansion on the current w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E F1
-(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255<space>\))108 513.6 Q F0
-(Set the mark to the point.)144 525.6 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E
+(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255<space>\))108 669.6 Q F0
+(Set the mark to the point.)144 681.6 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E
(gument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.)-.18 E F1
-(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 537.6 Q F0(Sw)
-144 549.6 Q .283(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283
+(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 693.6 Q F0(Sw)
+144 705.6 Q .283(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283
(The current cursor position is set to the sa)5.283 F -.15(ve)-.2 G
2.782(dp).15 G .282(osition, and the old)-2.782 F(cursor position is sa)
-144 561.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1
-(character\255sear)108 573.6 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.035(Ac)144
-585.6 S .535(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.035 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
-3.035(dt).15 G 3.035(ot)-3.035 G .535(he ne)-3.035 F .535
-(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.536(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05
-(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .836 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre)
-144 597.6 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 609.6 Q
-(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.544(Ac)144 621.6 S 1.044
-(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.544 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G
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-(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.043(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E
--.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 633.6 Q F1
-(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 645.6 Q F0 1.826
-(Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 657.6 R 2.126 -.15
-(ey s)-.1 H 1.827(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey)
--.1 G 4.327(sl).15 G(ik)-4.327 E(e)-.1 E .791(Home and End.)144 669.6 R
-.791(Such sequences be)5.791 F .791
-(gin with a Control Sequence Indicator \(CSI\), usually ESC\255[.)-.15 F
-.331(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 681.6 R -.15(ey)-.1 G
-2.831(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .632 -.15
-(ve n)-.2 H 2.832(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.832 G .332(ect unless e).25 F
-(xplic-)-.15 E .026(itly bound to a readline command, instead of insert\
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--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108 84 Q F0
--.4(Wi)144 96 S .48(thout a numeric ar).4 F .48(gument, the v)-.18 F
-.481(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va)
-2.981 G .481(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 108 Q .098
-(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .098(If a numeric ar)5.098 F .097
-(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle:)-.18 F(if)5.097 E
-.321(the characters at the be)144 120 R .321
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(character\255sear)108 84 Q(ch \(C\255]\))
+-.18 E F0 3.035(Ac)144 96 S .535(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.035
+F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(dt).15 G 3.035(ot)-3.035 G .535(he ne)-3.035 F
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+(character\255sear)108 120 Q(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0
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+(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 144 Q F1
+(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 156 Q F0 1.826
+(Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 168 R 2.126 -.15(ey s)
+-.1 H 1.827(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
+4.327(sl).15 G(ik)-4.327 E(e)-.1 E .791(Home and End.)144 180 R .791
+(Such sequences be)5.791 F .791
+(gin with a Control Sequence Indicator \(CSI\), usually ESC\255[.)-.15 F
+.331(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 192 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.831
+(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .632 -.15(ve n)
+-.2 H 2.832(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.832 G .332(ect unless e).25 F(xplic-)
+-.15 E .026(itly bound to a readline command, instead of inserting stra\
+y characters into the editing b)144 204 R(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.026(.T)
+-.55 G(his)-5.026 E(is unbound by def)144 216 Q(ault, b)-.1 E
+(ut usually bound to ESC\255[.)-.2 E F1(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108
+228 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 240 S .48(thout a numeric ar).4 F .48(gument, the v)
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+-.25(va)2.981 G .481(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 252 Q .245
+(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .245(If a numeric ar)5.245 F .244
+(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if)-.18 F .321
+(the characters at the be)144 264 R .321
(ginning of the line do not match the v)-.15 F .321(alue of)-.25 F F1
(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.822(,t)C .322(he v)-2.822 F .322(alue is)
--.25 F .832(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 132 R F1
+-.25 F .832(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 276 R F1
(comment\255begin)3.332 E F0 .831(are deleted from the be)3.332 F .831
(ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.468
-(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 144 R 1.468
+(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 288 R 1.468
(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.469(The def)6.469 F 1.469(ault v)-.1 F
-1.469(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.969 E(ment\255begin)144 156 Q F0 .84
+1.469(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.969 E(ment\255begin)144 300 Q F0 .84
(causes this command to mak)3.34 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839
(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .839(If a numeric ar)5.839 F
-(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 168 Q -.15
+(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 312 Q -.15
(ve)-.15 G(d, the line will be e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
-(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(glob\255complete\255w)108 180 Q
-(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .791(The w)144 192 R .791
+(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(glob\255complete\255w)108 324 Q
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(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .792
-(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 204
+(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 348
R(pattern is used to generate a list of matching \214lenames for possib\
-le completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 216 Q(ord \(C\255x *\))
--.1 E F0 .176(The w)144 228 R .176
+le completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 360 Q(ord \(C\255x *\))
+-.1 E F0 .176(The w)144 372 R .176
(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .176
(xpansion, and the list of matching \214le-)-.15 F .516
-(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 240 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016
+(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 384 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016
(an)3.016 G .516(umeric ar)-3.016 F .516
(gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended)-.18 F(before pathname e)
-144 252 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(glob\255list\255expansions \(C\255x g\))
-108 264 Q F0 .923(The list of e)144 276 R .923(xpansions that w)-.15 F
+144 396 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(glob\255list\255expansions \(C\255x g\))
+108 408 Q F0 .923(The list of e)144 420 R .923(xpansions that w)-.15 F
.923(ould ha)-.1 F 1.223 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .923(een generated by).15 F F1
(glob\255expand\255w)3.423 E(ord)-.1 E F0 .923(is displayed, and)3.423 F
-.872(the line is redra)144 288 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G
+.872(the line is redra)144 432 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G
.872(umeric ar)-3.372 F .872
(gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before pathname)-.18 F -.15
-(ex)144 300 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 312 Q F0 .627
-(Print all of the functions and their k)144 324 R .927 -.15(ey b)-.1 H
+(ex)144 444 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 456 Q F0 .627
+(Print all of the functions and their k)144 468 R .927 -.15(ey b)-.1 H
.626(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .626(If a numeric ar)
5.626 F(gu-)-.18 E
-(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 336 Q
+(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 480 Q
(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)
-2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 348 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0
-1.799(Print all of the settable readline v)144 360 R 1.799
+2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 492 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0
+1.799(Print all of the settable readline v)144 504 R 1.799
(ariables and their v)-.25 F 1.8(alues to the readline output stream.)
--.25 F 1.8(If a)6.8 F .305(numeric ar)144 372 R .304
+-.25 F 1.8(If a)6.8 F .305(numeric ar)144 516 R .304
(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .304
-(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)144 384 Q(c)-.37 E F0
-(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 396 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .592
-(Print all of the readline k)144 408 R .892 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592
+(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)144 528 Q(c)-.37 E F0
+(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 540 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .592
+(Print all of the readline k)144 552 R .892 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592
(equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.093(yo)-.15 G
-3.093(utput. If)-3.093 F 3.093(an)3.093 G(umeric)-3.093 E(ar)144 420 Q
+3.093(utput. If)-3.093 F 3.093(an)3.093 G(umeric)-3.093 E(ar)144 564 Q
.528(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .528
(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.027 E(c)-.37 E F0
-(\214le.)144 432 Q F1(display\255shell\255v)108 444 Q
-(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 456 Q
+(\214le.)144 576 Q F1(display\255shell\255v)108 588 Q
+(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 600 Q
(ersion information about the current instance of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E
-F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 472.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .146(When w)108
-484.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)-.1 F .147
+F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 616.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .146(When w)108
+628.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)-.1 F .147
(gument to a command for which a completion speci\214cation \(a)-.18 F
-F2(compspec)108 496.8 Q F0 3.829(\)h)C 1.329
+F2(compspec)108 640.8 Q F0 3.829(\)h)C 1.329
(as been de\214ned using the)-3.829 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu)
3.829 G 1.329(iltin \(see).2 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.329(SHELL B)3.829
F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.328(w\), the)
--.25 F(programmable completion f)108 508.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2
+-.25 F(programmable completion f)108 652.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2
(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .497
-(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 525.6 R .497
+(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 669.6 R .497
(If the command w)5.497 F .498
(ord is the empty string \(completion attempted at)-.1 F .234(the be)108
-537.6 R .233(ginning of an empty line\), an)-.15 F 2.733(yc)-.15 G .233
+681.6 R .233(ginning of an empty line\), an)-.15 F 2.733(yc)-.15 G .233
(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.733 F F1<ad45>2.733 E F0 .233(option to)
2.733 F F1(complete)2.733 E F0 .233(is used.)2.733 F .233(If a comp-)
5.233 F .481(spec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is \
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-(for the w)108 561.6 R 3.323(ord. If)-.1 F .823(the command w)3.323 F
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+(for the w)108 705.6 R 3.323(ord. If)-.1 F .823(the command w)3.323 F
.822(ord is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is search\
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-rtion)2.866 F(follo)108 585.6 Q .299(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298
+rtion)2.866 F(follo)108 729.6 Q .299(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298
(If those searches do not result in a compspec, an)5.299 F 2.798(yc)-.15
-G .298(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.798 F F1<ad44>2.798 E F0(option to)
-108 597.6 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0(is used as the def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E
-.817(Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of\
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-(ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108 626.4 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)
-2.5 E F0(completion as described abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15
-E F1(Completing)2.5 E F0(is performed.)2.5 E .464
-(First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 643.2 R
+G .298(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.798 F F1<ad44>2.798 E F0
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+(ords. If)-.1 F 3.317(ac)3.317 G .817(ompspec is not)-3.317 F
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+(completion as described abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1
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+(First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 129.6 R
.463(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .463(ed by the w)-.15 F
-.463(ord being)-.1 F .595(completed are returned.)108 655.2 R .595
+.463(ord being)-.1 F .595(completed are returned.)108 141.6 R .595
(When the)5.595 F F1<ad66>3.095 E F0(or)3.095 E F1<ad64>3.095 E F0 .596
(option is used for \214lename or directory name completion, the)3.095 F
-(shell v)108 667.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0
-(is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 684 Q 4.084(yc)-.15 G
-1.584(ompletions speci\214ed by a pathname e)-4.084 F 1.584
+(shell v)108 153.6 Q(ariable)-.25 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(FIGNORE)2.5 E
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(xpansion pattern to the)-.15 F F1<ad47>4.084 E F0 1.584
-(option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 696 S
+(option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 182.4 S
.554(rds generated by the pattern need not match the w).1 F .555
-(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.555 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.055 E F0 .555
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(shell v)2.805 F(ari-)-.25 E
-(able is not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 708 Q(ut the)-.2 E F3
-(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 724.8 Q
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+(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 211.2 Q
.321(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .321(gument to the)-.18
F F1<ad57>2.821 E F0 .32(option is considered.)2.821 F .32
-(The string is \214rst split using the)5.32 F(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q
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-F0 .412(special v)2.662 F .412(ariable as delimiters.)-.25 F .412
-(Shell quoting is honored.)5.412 F .413(Each w)5.412 F .413
-(ord is then e)-.1 F(xpanded)-.15 E .092(using brace e)108 96 R .092
-(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092
-(ariable e)-.25 F .091(xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F
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--.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(EXP)3.896 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F2 9
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-(The results are split using the rules described)5.896 F(abo)108 120 Q
-.51 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.75(Wo)2.71 G .21
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+(ariable as delimiters.)-.25 F .412(Shell quoting is honored.)5.412 F
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+(using brace e)108 235.2 R .092(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092
+(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .091
+(xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.396(metic e)108
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+(nder).15 E F2(EXP)3.896 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0
+1.396(The results are split using the rules described)5.896 F(abo)108
+259.2 Q .51 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.71 G .21
(rd Splitting).75 F F0 5.21(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.21 F .209
(xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F .209(ainst the w)-.05 F .209
-(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 132 Q
+(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 271.2 Q
(ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E 1.237
-(After these matches ha)108 148.8 R 1.537 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.237
+(After these matches ha)108 288 R 1.537 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.237
(een generated, an).15 F 3.737(ys)-.15 G 1.238
-(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-3.737 F F
3<ad46>3.738 E
-F0(and)3.738 E F3<ad43>3.738 E F0 3.376(options is in)108 160.8 R -.2
-(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.875(d. When).1 F 3.375
+(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-3.737 F F
1<ad46>3.738 E
+F0(and)3.738 E F1<ad43>3.738 E F0 3.376(options is in)108 300 R -.2(vo)
+-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.875(d. When).1 F 3.375
(the command or function is in)5.875 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.375
-(d, the).1 F F1(COMP_LINE)5.875 E F2(,)A F1(COMP_POINT)5.625 E F2(,)A F1
-(COMP_KEY)108 172.8 Q F2(,)A F0(and)2.407 E F1(COMP_TYPE)2.657 E F0 -.25
+(d, the).1 F F2(COMP_LINE)5.875 E F3(,)A F2(COMP_POINT)5.625 E F3(,)A F2
+(COMP_KEY)108 312 Q F3(,)A F0(and)2.407 E F2(COMP_TYPE)2.657 E F0 -.25
(va)2.407 G .157(riables are assigned v).25 F .157
-(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3 .158
+(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .158
(Shell V)2.658 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 5.158(.I)C(f)-5.158 E 3.486(as)108
-184.8 S .986(hell function is being in)-3.486 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
-.986(d, the).1 F F1(COMP_W)3.486 E(ORDS)-.09 E F0(and)3.236 E F1
+324 S .986(hell function is being in)-3.486 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
+.986(d, the).1 F F2(COMP_W)3.486 E(ORDS)-.09 E F0(and)3.236 E F2
(COMP_CW)3.486 E(ORD)-.09 E F0 -.25(va)3.236 G .986
(riables are also set.).25 F(When)5.985 E .346
-(the function or command is in)108 196.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .346
-(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .346(gument \()-.18 F F3($1)A F0 2.847(\)i)C
+(the function or command is in)108 336 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .346
+(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .346(gument \()-.18 F F1($1)A F0 2.847(\)i)C
2.847(st)-2.847 G .347(he name of the command whose ar)-2.847 F(guments)
--.18 E .264(are being completed, the second ar)108 208.8 R .264
-(gument \()-.18 F F3($2)A F0 2.764(\)i)C 2.764(st)-2.764 G .264(he w)
--2.764 F .263(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .263
-(gument \()-.18 F F3($3)A F0 2.763(\)i)C(s)-2.763 E .628(the w)108 220.8
-R .628(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .629
+-.18 E .264(are being completed, the second ar)108 348 R .264(gument \()
+-.18 F F1($2)A F0 2.764(\)i)C 2.764(st)-2.764 G .264(he w)-2.764 F .263
+(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .263(gument \()-.18 F F1
+($3)A F0 2.763(\)i)C(s)-2.763 E .628(the w)108 360 R .628
+(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .629
(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .629
-(No \214ltering of the generated)5.629 F .715(completions ag)108 232.8 R
+(No \214ltering of the generated)5.629 F .715(completions ag)108 372 R
.715(ainst the w)-.05 F .714(ord being completed is performed; the func\
tion or command has complete free-)-.1 F(dom in generating the matches.)
-108 244.8 Q(An)108 261.6 Q 2.937(yf)-.15 G .437
-(unction speci\214ed with)-2.937 F F3<ad46>2.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F
--.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.937<648c>.1 G 2.937(rst. The)-2.937 F .437
-(function may use an)2.937 F 2.937(yo)-.15 G 2.937(ft)-2.937 G .437
-(he shell f)-2.937 F .438(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 273.6 Q F3
-(compgen)2.957 E F0 -.2(bu)2.957 G .457(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756
--.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956(og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .456
-(It must put the possible completions in the)5.456 F F1(COMPREPL)108
-285.6 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable, one per array element.)-.25
-E(Ne)108 302.4 Q .08(xt, an)-.15 F 2.58(yc)-.15 G .08
-(ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.58 F F
3<ad43>2.58 E F0 .081
+108 384 Q(An)108 400.8 Q 2.937(yf)-.15 G .437(unction speci\214ed with)
+-2.937 F F1<ad46>2.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
+2.937<648c>.1 G 2.937(rst. The)-2.937 F .437(function may use an)2.937 F
+2.937(yo)-.15 G 2.937(ft)-2.937 G .437(he shell f)-2.937 F .438
+(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 412.8 Q F1(compgen)2.957 E F0 -.2
+(bu)2.957 G .457(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956
+(og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .456
+(It must put the possible completions in the)5.456 F F2(COMPREPL)108
+424.8 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable, one per array element.)-.25
+E(Ne)108 441.6 Q .08(xt, an)-.15 F 2.58(yc)-.15 G .08
+(ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.58 F F
1<ad43>2.58 E F0 .081
(option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.581(di).1 G 2.581(na)
-2.581 G 2.581(ne)-2.581 G -.4(nv)-2.581 G .081(ironment equi).4 F -.25
-(va)-.25 G .081(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.859(stitution. It)108 314.4
+(va)-.25 G .081(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.859(stitution. It)108 453.6
R .359(should print a list of completions, one per line, to the standar\
d output.)2.859 F .358(Backslash may be used)5.359 F(to escape a ne)108
-326.4 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E .376
-(After all of the possible completions are generated, an)108 343.2 R
-2.877<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F F
3<ad58>2.877
-E F0 .377(option is applied to the)2.877 F 3.182(list. The)108 355.2 R
+465.6 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E .376
+(After all of the possible completions are generated, an)108 482.4 R
+2.877<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F F
1<ad58>2.877
+E F0 .377(option is applied to the)2.877 F 3.182(list. The)108 494.4 R
.682(\214lter is a pattern as used for pathname e)3.182 F .681
-(xpansion; a)-.15 F F3(&)3.181 E F0 .681
+(xpansion; a)-.15 F F1(&)3.181 E F0 .681
(in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.181 F .681(xt of)-.15 F .522
-(the w)108 367.2 R .522(ord being completed.)-.1 F 3.022(Al)5.522 G
-(iteral)-3.022 E F3(&)3.022 E F0 .523
+(the w)108 506.4 R .522(ord being completed.)-.1 F 3.022(Al)5.522 G
+(iteral)-3.022 E F1(&)3.022 E F0 .523
(may be escaped with a backslash; the backslash is remo)3.022 F -.15(ve)
--.15 G 3.023(db).15 G(efore)-3.023 E .85(attempting a match.)108 379.2 R
+-.15 G 3.023(db).15 G(efore)-3.023 E .85(attempting a match.)108 518.4 R
(An)5.85 E 3.35(yc)-.15 G .849
(ompletion that matches the pattern will be remo)-3.35 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
3.349(df).15 G .849(rom the list.)-3.349 F 3.349(Al)5.849 G(eading)
--3.349 E F3(!)3.349 E F0(ne)108 391.2 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G
+-3.349 E F1(!)3.349 E F0(ne)108 530.4 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G
(tes the pattern; in this case an).05 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G
(ompletion not matching the pattern will be remo)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
-(d.).15 E(Finally)108 408 Q 3.086(,a)-.65 G .886 -.15(ny p)-3.086 H .586
-(re\214x and suf).15 F .587(\214x speci\214ed with the)-.25 F F3<ad50>
-
3.087 E F0(and)3.087 E F3<ad53>3.087 E F0 .587
+(d.).15 E(Finally)108 547.2 Q 3.086(,a)-.65 G .886 -.15(ny p)-3.086 H
+.586(re\214x and suf).15 F .587(\214x speci\214ed with the)-.25 F F1
+
<ad50>3.087 E F0(and)3.087 E F1<ad53>3.087 E F0 .587
(options are added to each member of the com-)3.087 F(pletion list, and\
the result is returned to the readline completion code as the list of \
-possible completions.)108 420 Q .247(If the pre)108 436.8 R .247
+possible completions.)108 559.2 Q .247(If the pre)108 576 R .247
(viously-applied actions do not generate an)-.25 F 2.747(ym)-.15 G .247
-(atches, and the)-2.747 F F3 .247(\255o dir)2.747 F(names)-.15 E F0 .247
-(option w)2.747 F .246(as supplied to)-.1 F F3(complete)108 448.8 Q F0
+(atches, and the)-2.747 F F1 .247(\255o dir)2.747 F(names)-.15 E F0 .247
+(option w)2.747 F .246(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)108 588 Q F0
(when the compspec w)2.5 E
(as de\214ned, directory name completion is attempted.)-.1 E .461
-(If the)108 465.6 R F3 .462(\255o plusdirs)2.961 F F0 .462(option w)
-2.962 F .462(as supplied to)-.1 F F3(complete)2.962 E F0 .462
+(If the)108 604.8 R F1 .462(\255o plusdirs)2.961 F F0 .462(option w)
+2.962 F .462(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)2.962 E F0 .462
(when the compspec w)2.962 F .462(as de\214ned, directory name com-)-.1
-F(pletion is attempted and an)108 477.6 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G
+F(pletion is attempted and an)108 616.8 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G
(atches are added to the results of the other actions.)-2.5 E .56
-(By def)108 494.4 R .56(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15
+(By def)108 633.6 R .56(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.06(ri).15 G 3.06(tg)-3.06 G .559
(enerates is returned to the completion code as the full set)-3.06 F
-.631(of possible completions.)108 506.4 R .631(The def)5.631 F(ault)-.1
-E F3(bash)3.131 E F0 .631
+.631(of possible completions.)108 645.6 R .631(The def)5.631 F(ault)-.1
+E F1(bash)3.131 E F0 .631
(completions are not attempted, and the readline def)3.131 F .632
-(ault of \214le-)-.1 F .559(name completion is disabled.)108 518.4 R
-.559(If the)5.559 F F3 .559(\255o bashdefault)3.059 F F0 .559(option w)
-3.059 F .559(as supplied to)-.1 F F3(complete)3.058 E F0 .558
-(when the compspec)3.058 F -.1(wa)108 530.4 S 3.171(sd).1 G .671
-(e\214ned, the)-3.171 F F3(bash)3.171 E F0(def)3.171 E .671
+(ault of \214le-)-.1 F .559(name completion is disabled.)108 657.6 R
+.559(If the)5.559 F F1 .559(\255o bashdefault)3.059 F F0 .559(option w)
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+(when the compspec)3.058 F -.1(wa)108 669.6 S 3.171(sd).1 G .671
+(e\214ned, the)-3.171 F F1(bash)3.171 E F0(def)3.171 E .671
(ault completions are attempted if the compspec generates no matches.)
--.1 F .672(If the)5.672 F F3<ad6f>3.172 E(default)108 542.4 Q F0 1.207
-(option w)3.707 F 1.207(as supplied to)-.1 F F3(complete)3.707 E F0
+-.1 F .672(If the)5.672 F F1<ad6f>3.172 E(default)108 681.6 Q F0 1.207
+(option w)3.707 F 1.207(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.707 E F0
1.207(when the compspec w)3.707 F 1.207(as de\214ned, readline')-.1 F
3.707(sd)-.55 G(ef)-3.707 E 1.206(ault completion)-.1 F
(will be performed if the compspec \(and, if attempted, the def)108
-554.4 Q(ault)-.1 E F3(bash)2.5 E F0(completions\) generate no matches.)
+693.6 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completions\) generate no matches.)
2.5 E .245(When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is \
-desired, the programmable completion func-)108 571.2 R .633(tions force\
+desired, the programmable completion func-)108 710.4 R .633(tions force\
readline to append a slash to completed names which are symbolic links\
- to directories, subject)108 583.2 R 2.761(to the v)108 595.2 R 2.761
-(alue of the)-.25 F F3(mark\255dir)5.261 E(ectories)-.18 E F0 2.761
+ to directories, subject)108 722.4 R(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q
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(readline v)5.261 F 2.761(ariable, re)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.762
-(rdless of the setting of the).05 F F3(mark-sym-)5.262 E(link)108 607.2
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+(ed\255dir)-.1 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(readline v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E
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-(tion with a def)108 636 R 1.33(ault completion speci\214ed with)-.1 F
-F3 1.33(complete -D)3.83 F F0 6.33(.I)C(t')-6.33 E 3.83(sp)-.55 G 1.33
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+F1 1.33(complete -D)3.83 F F0 6.33(.I)C(t')-6.33 E 3.83(sp)-.55 G 1.33
(ossible for shell functions e)-3.83 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.33(cuted as).15
F .93(completion handlers to indicate that completion should be retried\
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-F .1(shell function returns 124, and changes the compspec associated wi\
-th the command on which completion is)108 660 R .666
-(being attempted \(supplied as the \214rst ar)108 672 R .665
+ by returning an e)108 136.8 R .93(xit status of 124.)-.15 F .93(If a)
+5.93 F .1(shell function returns 124, and changes the compspec associat\
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+(being attempted \(supplied as the \214rst ar)108 160.8 R .665
(gument when the function is e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .665
(cuted\), programmable completion).15 F .083(restarts from the be)108
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-G .084(ompspec for that command.)-2.584 F .084(This allo)5.084 F .084
-(ws a set of)-.25 F(completions to be b)108 696 Q(uilt dynamically as c\
-ompletion is attempted, rather than being loaded all at once.)-.2 E -.15
-(Fo)108 712.8 S 2.637(ri).15 G .137
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+-.25 G .084(ompspec for that command.)-2.584 F .084(This allo)5.084 F
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(nstance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each k)-2.637 F
.137(ept in a \214le corresponding to the name of)-.1 F
-(the command, the follo)108 724.8 Q(wing def)-.25 E
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(ault completion function w)-.1 E(ould load completions dynamically:)-.1
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--.35 E/F1 10/Courier@0 SF(_completion_loader\(\))108 84 Q({)108 96 Q 6
-(.")144 108 S
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+(.")144 254.4 S
(/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124)-6 E(})108
-120 Q(complete -D -F _completion_loader -o bashdefault -o default)108
-132 Q/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 160.8 Q(OR)-.197 E(Y)-.383 E F0
-.371(When the)108 172.8 R/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF .371(\255o history)2.871
-F F0 .371(option to the)2.871 F F3(set)2.872 E F0 -.2(bu)2.872 G .372
+266.4 Q(complete -D -F _completion_loader -o bashdefault -o default)108
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+.371(When the)108 319.2 R F1 .371(\255o history)2.871 F F0 .371
+(option to the)2.871 F F1(set)2.872 E F0 -.2(bu)2.872 G .372
(iltin is enabled, the shell pro).2 F .372(vides access to the)-.15 F/F4
10/Times-Italic@0 SF .372(command history)2.872 F F0(,)A .305
-(the list of commands pre)108 184.8 R .305(viously typed.)-.25 F .305
+(the list of commands pre)108 331.2 R .305(viously typed.)-.25 F .305
(The v)5.305 F .304(alue of the)-.25 F/F5 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTSIZE)
2.804 E F0 -.25(va)2.554 G .304(riable is used as the number of com-).25
-F .429(mands to sa)108 196.8 R .729 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 2.929(nah).15 G .429
+F .429(mands to sa)108 343.2 R .729 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 2.929(nah).15 G .429
(istory list.)-2.929 F .429(The te)5.429 F .429(xt of the last)-.15 F F5
(HISTSIZE)2.93 E F0 .43(commands \(def)2.68 F .43(ault 500\) is sa)-.1 F
-.15(ve)-.2 G 2.93(d. The).15 F(shell)2.93 E .287
(stores each command in the history list prior to parameter and v)108
-208.8 R .287(ariable e)-.25 F .287(xpansion \(see)-.15 F F5(EXP)2.787 E
-(ANSION)-.666 E F0(abo)2.537 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E -.2(bu)108 220.8
+355.2 R .287(ariable e)-.25 F .287(xpansion \(see)-.15 F F5(EXP)2.787 E
+(ANSION)-.666 E F0(abo)2.537 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E -.2(bu)108 367.2
S 4.065(ta).2 G 1.565(fter history e)-4.065 F 1.565
(xpansion is performed, subject to the v)-.15 F 1.565
(alues of the shell v)-.25 F(ariables)-.25 E F5(HISTIGNORE)4.065 E F0
-(and)3.816 E F5(HISTCONTR)108 232.8 Q(OL)-.27 E/F6 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)
+(and)3.816 E F5(HISTCONTR)108 379.2 Q(OL)-.27 E/F6 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)
A F0 .082
(On startup, the history is initialized from the \214le named by the v)
-108 249.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F5(HISTFILE)2.582 E F0(\(def)2.332 E(ault)-.1
-E F4(~/.bash_history)2.582 E F0(\).)A .315(The \214le named by the v)108
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+108 396 R(ariable)-.25 E F5(HISTFILE)2.582 E F0(\(def)2.332 E(ault)-.1 E
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(is truncated, if necessary)2.565 F 2.815(,t)-.65 G 2.815(oc)-2.815 G
.315(ontain no more than the number of)-2.815 F .659
-(lines speci\214ed by the v)108 273.6 R .659(alue of)-.25 F F5
-(HISTFILESIZE)3.158 E F6(.)A F0(If)5.158 E F3(HISTFILESIZE)3.158 E F0
-.658(is unset, or set to null, a non-numeric)3.158 F -.25(va)108 285.6 S
+(lines speci\214ed by the v)108 420 R .659(alue of)-.25 F F5
+(HISTFILESIZE)3.158 E F6(.)A F0(If)5.158 E F1(HISTFILESIZE)3.158 E F0
+.658(is unset, or set to null, a non-numeric)3.158 F -.25(va)108 432 S
.142(lue, or a numeric v).25 F .142
(alue less than zero, the history \214le is not truncated.)-.25 F .142
-(When the history \214le is read, lines)5.142 F(be)108 297.6 Q 1.605
+(When the history \214le is read, lines)5.142 F(be)108 444 Q 1.605
(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F 1.604
(wed immediately by a digit are interpreted as time-)-.25 F .098
-(stamps for the preceding history line.)108 309.6 R .098
+(stamps for the preceding history line.)108 456 R .098
(These timestamps are optionally displayed depending on the v)5.098 F
-.098(alue of)-.25 F(the)108 321.6 Q F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.559 E(T)-.855 E
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(hell with history enabled e)-3.559 F 1.059(xits, the last)-.15 F F5
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-(shell option is enabled \(see the description of)2.659 F F3(shopt)108
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(w\), the lines are appended to the history \214le, otherwise the)-.25 F
-.196(history \214le is o)108 357.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.696(rwritten. If)
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-(If the)108 369.6 R F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.084 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.834
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-(riable is set, time stamps are written to the history \214le, mark).25
-F .583(ed with the his-)-.1 F 1.147(tory comment character)108 381.6 R
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+(If the)108 516 R F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.084 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.834 G
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+.25 F .583(ed with the his-)-.1 F 1.147(tory comment character)108 528 R
3.647(,s)-.4 G 3.647(ot)-3.647 G(he)-3.647 E 3.647(ym)-.15 G 1.147
(ay be preserv)-3.647 F 1.147(ed across shell sessions.)-.15 F 1.148
(This uses the history comment)6.148 F 1.377
-(character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines.)108 393.6
-R 1.377(After sa)6.377 F 1.377(ving the history)-.2 F 3.876(,t)-.65 G
+(character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines.)108 540 R
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1.376(he history \214le is)-3.876 F .756
-(truncated to contain no more than)108 405.6 R F5(HISTFILESIZE)3.257 E
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-(is unset, or set to null, a non-)3.007 F(numeric v)108 417.6 Q
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+(is unset, or set to null, a non-)3.007 F(numeric v)108 564 Q
(alue, or a numeric v)-.25 E
(alue less than zero, the history \214le is not truncated.)-.25 E 1.294
-(The b)108 434.4 R 1.294(uiltin command)-.2 F F3(fc)3.794 E F0(\(see)
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--.15(exe)108 446.4 S .673(cute a portion of the history list.).15 F(The)
-5.673 E F3(history)3.173 E F0 -.2(bu)3.173 G .673
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(iltin may be used to display or modify the history list).2 F .28
-(and manipulate the history \214le.)108 458.4 R .279
+(and manipulate the history \214le.)108 604.8 R .279
(When using command-line editing, search commands are a)5.279 F -.25(va)
--.2 G .279(ilable in each).25 F(editing mode that pro)108 470.4 Q
-(vide access to the history list.)-.15 E 1.485(The shell allo)108 487.2
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R 1.485(ws control o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.986(rw).15 G 1.486
(hich commands are sa)-3.986 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.986(do).15 G 3.986(nt)
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-E(OL)-.27 E F0(and)3.736 E F5(HISTIGNORE)108 499.2 Q F0 -.25(va)2.708 G
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--.2 H .457(nly a subset of the commands entered.).15 F(The)5.457 E F3
-(cmdhist)108 511.2 Q F0 .75
+-.2 H .457(nly a subset of the commands entered.).15 F(The)5.457 E F1
+(cmdhist)108 657.6 Q F0 .75
(shell option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to sa)3.25 F 1.05
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-(the same history entry)108 523.2 R 3.577(,a)-.65 G 1.077
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(dding semicolons where necessary to preserv)-3.577 F 3.577(es)-.15 G
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H .374(he command with embedded ne).15 F .374
(wlines instead of semicolons.)-.25 F .374(See the)5.374 F .319
-(description of the)108 547.2 R F3(shopt)2.819 E F0 -.2(bu)2.819 G .318
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(iltin belo).2 F 2.818(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.818 E F5 .318(SHELL B)2.818 F
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(for information on setting and)2.568 F(unsetting shell options.)108
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--.81 E F0 .61(The shell supports a history e)108 588 R .611
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-(ault for interacti)-.1 F 1.17 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .87(hells, and).15 F
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-(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)108 624 Q 2.5(w\). Non-interacti)-.25 F .3
--.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells do not perform history e).15 E(xpansion by def)
--.15 E(ault.)-.1 E 1.306(History e)108 640.8 R 1.306
-(xpansions introduce w)-.15 F 1.306(ords from the history list into the\
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-(commands, insert the ar)108 652.8 R .209(guments to a pre)-.18 F .21
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(vious command into the current input line, or \214x errors in pre)-.25
-F(vious)-.25 E(commands quickly)108 664.8 Q(.)-.65 E 1.164(History e)108
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(rds. It).1 F(tak)3.2 E .7(es place in tw)-.1 F 3.2(op)-.1 G 3.2
(arts. The)-3.2 F .7
(\214rst is to determine which line from the history list to use during)
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-(The line)6.867 F .662(selected from the history is the)108 717.6 R F4
--.15(ev)3.162 G(ent).15 E F0 3.162(,a)C .663
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(nd the portions of that line that are acted upon are)-3.162 F F4(wor)
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Q(s)-.1 E F0 .227(are a)2.727 F -.25(va)-.2 G .227
(ilable to manipulate the selected w).25 F 2.727(ords. The)-.1 F .226
(line is brok)2.726 F .226(en into w)-.1 F .226(ords in the same f)-.1 F
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(pansions are introduced by the appearance of the history e).15 F .624
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(xpansion if found immediately follo)-.15 F .03(wing the history e)-.25
-F .03(xpansion character)-.15 F(,)-.4 E -2.15 -.25(ev e)108 136.8 T
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3.163(ni).25 G 3.163(fi)-3.163 G 3.162(ti)-3.163 G 3.162(su)-3.162 G
.662(nquoted: space, tab, ne)-3.162 F .662(wline, carriage return, and)
-.25 F F2(=)3.162 E F0 5.662(.I)C 3.162(ft)-5.662 G(he)-3.162 E F2
(extglob)3.162 E F0 .662(shell option is enabled,)3.162 F F2(\()3.162 E
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+F0(will also inhibit e)108 314.4 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(Se)108 331.2 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G .109(ral shell options settable with the).15 F F2(shopt)2.609
E F0 -.2(bu)2.609 G .11(iltin may be used to tailor the beha).2 F .11
-(vior of history e)-.2 F(xpansion.)-.15 E 1.143(If the)108 177.6 R F2
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(histv)3.643 E(erify)-.1 E F0 1.143
(shell option is enabled \(see the description of the)3.643 F F2(shopt)
3.643 E F0 -.2(bu)3.643 G 1.143(iltin belo).2 F 1.143(w\), and)-.25 F F2
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(fer for further modi\214cation.)-.25 F(If)6.516 E F2 -.18(re)4.015 G
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Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 1.202(shell option is enabled, a f)3.702 F 1.202
(ailed history substitution will be reloaded into the)-.1 F F2 -.18(re)
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1.161(er for correction.).25 F(The)6.161 E F2<ad70>3.661 E F0 1.161
(option to the)3.661 F F2(history)3.661 E F0 -.2(bu)3.661 G 1.16
-(iltin command may be used to see what a history).2 F -.15(ex)108 237.6
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S .055(pansion will do before using it.).15 F(The)5.055 E F2<ad73>2.555
E F0 .055(option to the)2.555 F F2(history)2.556 E F0 -.2(bu)2.556 G
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(cuting them, so that the).15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re a)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.2 G
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(ws control of the v)-.25 F 2.2(arious characters used by the history e)
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.15 E F2 1.146(Shell V)3.646 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 3.646(\). The)B 1.147
(shell uses the history comment character to)3.646 F
-(mark history timestamps when writing the history \214le.)108 290.4 Q F2
-(Ev)87 307.2 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0 .205(An e)108 319.2 R -.15(ve)
+(mark history timestamps when writing the history \214le.)108 456 Q F2
+(Ev)87 472.8 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0 .205(An e)108 484.8 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G .204(nt designator is a reference to a command line entry in the\
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-(ot).15 G(he current position in the history list.)-2.5 E F2(!)108 348 Q
-F0 1.607(Start a history substitution, e)32.67 F 1.607(xcept when follo)
--.15 F 1.607(wed by a)-.25 F F2(blank)4.107 E F0 4.107(,n)C -.25(ew)
--4.107 G 1.608(line, carriage return, = or \().25 F(\(when the)144 360 Q
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-E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin\).).2 E F2(!)108 372 Q F1(n)A F0
-(Refer to command line)27.67 E F1(n)2.5 E F0(.).24 E F2<21ad>108 384 Q
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-(Quick substitution.)144 480 R .784(Repeat the pre)5.784 F .784
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+(Quick substitution.)144 645.6 R .784(Repeat the pre)5.784 F .784
+(vious command, replacing)-.25 F F4(string1)3.624 E F0(with)3.283 E F4
(string2)3.283 E F0 5.783(.E).02 G(qui)-5.783 E -.25(va)-.25 G .783
-(lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 492 S(!!:s/).74 E F1(string1)A F0(/)A F1
+(lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 657.6 S(!!:s/).74 E F4(string1)A F0(/)A F4
(string2)A F0(/')A 2.5('\()-.74 G(see)-2.5 E F2(Modi\214ers)2.5 E F0
-(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(!#)108 504 Q F0
+(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(!#)108 669.6 Q F0
(The entire command line typed so f)27.67 E(ar)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F2 -.75
-(Wo)87 520.8 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 532.8 S 1.313
+(Wo)87 686.4 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 698.4 S 1.313
(rd designators are used to select desired w).8 F 1.314(ords from the e)
-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F2(:)3.814 E F0 1.314
(separates the e)3.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.314(nt speci\214cation).15 F
-.53(from the w)108 544.8 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G
+.53(from the w)108 710.4 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G
3.029(tm)-5.529 G .529(ay be omitted if the w)-3.029 F .529
(ord designator be)-.1 F .529(gins with a)-.15 F F2(^)3.029 E F0(,)A F2
($)3.029 E F0(,)A F2(*)3.029 E F0(,)A F2<ad>3.029 E F0 3.029(,o)C(r)
-3.029 E F2(%)3.029 E F0 5.529(.W)C(ords)-6.329 E 1.3
-(are numbered from the be)108 556.8 R 1.3
+(are numbered from the be)108 722.4 R 1.3
(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F 1.301
(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)6.301 G 1.301(rds are).8
-F(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 568.8 Q
-F2 2.5(0\()108 585.6 S(zer)-2.5 E(o\))-.18 E F0(The zeroth w)144 597.6 Q
-2.5(ord. F)-.1 F(or the shell, this is the command w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E
-F1(n)108.36 609.6 Q F0(The)30.64 E F1(n)2.5 E F0(th w)A(ord.)-.1 E F2(^)
-108 621.6 Q F0(The \214rst ar)32.67 E 2.5(gument. That)-.18 F(is, w)2.5
-E(ord 1.)-.1 E F2($)108 633.6 Q F0 .064(The last w)31 F 2.564(ord. This)
--.1 F .064(is usually the last ar)2.564 F .064(gument, b)-.18 F .064
-(ut will e)-.2 F .064(xpand to the zeroth w)-.15 F .063
-(ord if there is only)-.1 F(one w)144 645.6 Q(ord in the line.)-.1 E F2
-(%)108 657.6 Q F0(The w)26 E(ord matched by the most recent `?)-.1 E F1
-(string)A F0(?' search.)A F1(x)108.77 669.6 Q F2<ad>A F1(y)A F0 2.5(Ar)
-20.65 G(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 E F1(y)A F0 2.5('a)C(bbre)-2.5
-E(viates `0\255)-.25 E F1(y)A F0('.)A F2(*)108 681.6 Q F0 .315
-(All of the w)31 F .315(ords b)-.1 F .315(ut the zeroth.)-.2 F .315
-(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)-.15 F F1(1\255$)A F0 2.815
-('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F2(*)2.816 E F0 .316
-(if there is)2.816 F(just one w)144 693.6 Q(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)
--.25 G(nt; the empty string is returned in that case.).15 E F2(x*)108
-705.6 Q F0(Abbre)26 E(viates)-.25 E F1(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)A F2<78ad>108
-717.6 Q F0(Abbre)25.3 E(viates)-.25 E F1(x\255$)2.5 E F0(lik)2.5 E(e)-.1
-E F2(x*)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut omits the last w)-2.7 E(ord.)-.1 E
-(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2014 February 2)141.79 E(50)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
+F(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2014 August 27)142.895 E(50)192.055 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 51 51
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E(If a w)108 84 Q(ord designator is supplied without an e)-.1 E
--.15(ve)-.25 G(nt speci\214cation, the pre).15 E
-(vious command is used as the e)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E/F1 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(Modi\214ers)87 100.8 Q F0 .184(After the optional w)108
-112.8 R .184(ord designator)-.1 F 2.684(,t)-.4 G .183
-(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.684 F .183
-(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 124.8 Q F1(h)108
-141.6 Q F0(Remo)30.44 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H
+-.35 E(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 84
+Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.5(0\()108 100.8 S(zer)-2.5 E(o\))-.18 E F0
+(The zeroth w)144 112.8 Q 2.5(ord. F)-.1 F
+(or the shell, this is the command w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E/F2 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)108.36 124.8 Q F0(The)30.64 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(th w)A
+(ord.)-.1 E F1(^)108 136.8 Q F0(The \214rst ar)32.67 E 2.5(gument. That)
+-.18 F(is, w)2.5 E(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 148.8 Q F0 .064(The last w)31 F
+2.564(ord. This)-.1 F .064(is usually the last ar)2.564 F .064
+(gument, b)-.18 F .064(ut will e)-.2 F .064(xpand to the zeroth w)-.15 F
+.063(ord if there is only)-.1 F(one w)144 160.8 Q(ord in the line.)-.1 E
+F1(%)108 172.8 Q F0(The w)26 E(ord matched by the most recent `?)-.1 E
+F2(string)A F0(?' search.)A F2(x)108.77 184.8 Q F1<ad>A F2(y)A F0 2.5
+(Ar)20.65 G(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 E F2(y)A F0 2.5('a)C(bbre)
+-2.5 E(viates `0\255)-.25 E F2(y)A F0('.)A F1(*)108 196.8 Q F0 .315
+(All of the w)31 F .315(ords b)-.1 F .315(ut the zeroth.)-.2 F .315
+(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)-.15 F F2(1\255$)A F0 2.815
+('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F1(*)2.816 E F0 .316
+(if there is)2.816 F(just one w)144 208.8 Q(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)
+-.25 G(nt; the empty string is returned in that case.).15 E F1(x*)108
+220.8 Q F0(Abbre)26 E(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<78ad>108
+232.8 Q F0(Abbre)25.3 E(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(lik)2.5 E(e)-.1
+E F1(x*)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut omits the last w)-2.7 E(ord.)-.1 E(If a w)
+108 249.6 Q(ord designator is supplied without an e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
+(nt speci\214cation, the pre).15 E(vious command is used as the e)-.25 E
+-.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E F1(Modi\214ers)87 266.4 Q F0 .184
+(After the optional w)108 278.4 R .184(ord designator)-.1 F 2.684(,t)-.4
+G .183(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.684 F
+.183(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 290.4 Q F1(h)
+108 307.2 Q F0(Remo)30.44 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H
(railing \214lename component, lea).15 E(ving only the head.)-.2 E F1(t)
-108 153.6 Q F0(Remo)32.67 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H
+108 319.2 Q F0(Remo)32.67 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H
(ll leading \214lename components, lea).15 E(ving the tail.)-.2 E F1(r)
-108 165.6 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing suf).15 E
-(\214x of the form)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(.xxx)2.5 E F0 2.5(,l)C
-(ea)-2.5 E(ving the basename.)-.2 E F1(e)108 177.6 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3
--.15(ve a)-.15 H(ll b).15 E(ut the trailing suf)-.2 E(\214x.)-.25 E F1
-(p)108 189.6 Q F0(Print the ne)30.44 E 2.5(wc)-.25 G(ommand b)-2.5 E
-(ut do not e)-.2 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 201.6 Q F0
+108 331.2 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing suf).15 E
+(\214x of the form)-.25 E F2(.xxx)2.5 E F0 2.5(,l)C(ea)-2.5 E
+(ving the basename.)-.2 E F1(e)108 343.2 Q F0(Remo)31.56 E .3 -.15(ve a)
+-.15 H(ll b).15 E(ut the trailing suf)-.2 E(\214x.)-.25 E F1(p)108 355.2
+Q F0(Print the ne)30.44 E 2.5(wc)-.25 G(ommand b)-2.5 E(ut do not e)-.2
+E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 367.2 Q F0
(Quote the substituted w)30.44 E(ords, escaping further substitutions.)
--.1 E F1(x)108 213.6 Q F0(Quote the substituted w)31 E(ords as with)-.1
+-.1 E F1(x)108 379.2 Q F0(Quote the substituted w)31 E(ords as with)-.1
E F1(q)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut break into w)-2.7 E(ords at)-.1 E F1(blanks)
-2.5 E F0(and ne)2.5 E(wlines.)-.25 E F1(s/)108 225.6 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A
-F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 237.6 Q F2(ne)3.081 E(w)-.15 E
+2.5 E F0(and ne)2.5 E(wlines.)-.25 E F1(s/)108 391.2 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A
+F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 403.2 Q F2(ne)3.081 E(w)-.15 E
F0 .221(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.031 F F2(old)2.951 E F0 .221
(in the e)3.491 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .221(nt line.).15 F(An)5.221 E 2.721
(yd)-.15 G .221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .617(of /.)144
-249.6 R .617
+415.2 R .617
(The \214nal delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)
5.617 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .617(nt line.).15 F .616(The delimiter may)5.616
-F .666(be quoted in)144 261.6 R F2(old)3.396 E F0(and)3.936 E F2(ne)
+F .666(be quoted in)144 427.2 R F2(old)3.396 E F0(and)3.936 E F2(ne)
3.526 E(w)-.15 E F0 .666(with a single backslash.)3.476 F .666
(If & appears in)5.666 F F2(ne)3.166 E(w)-.15 E F0 3.166(,i).31 G 3.166
(ti)-3.166 G 3.166(sr)-3.166 G .666(eplaced by)-3.166 F F2(old)3.166 E
-F0 5.666(.A).77 G .275(single backslash will quote the &.)144 273.6 R
+F0 5.666(.A).77 G .275(single backslash will quote the &.)144 439.2 R
(If)5.275 E F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last)3.544
F F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(substituted, or)3.544 F 2.774(,i)-.4 G 2.774
(fn)-2.774 G 2.774(op)-2.774 G(re)-2.774 E(vi-)-.25 E
-(ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 285.6 Q F2(string)
+(ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 451.2 Q F2(string)
2.84 E F0(in a)2.72 E F1(!?)2.5 E F2(string)A F1([?])A F0(search.)5 E F1
-(&)108 297.6 Q F0(Repeat the pre)27.67 E(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1
-(g)108 309.6 Q F0 .397(Cause changes to be applied o)31 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
+(&)108 463.2 Q F0(Repeat the pre)27.67 E(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1
+(g)108 475.2 Q F0 .397(Cause changes to be applied o)31 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
2.897(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.)
.15 F .398(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A F0 2.898
-('\()C(e.g.,)-2.898 E(`)144 321.6 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)
+('\()C(e.g.,)-2.898 E(`)144 487.2 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)
-.15 E F1(/)A F0 1.219('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.719('. If)B 1.219
(used with `)3.719 F F1(:s)A F0 1.218(', an)B 3.718(yd)-.15 G 1.218
(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal)-3.718 F .089
-(delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 333.6 R
+(delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 499.2 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G .09(nt line.).15 F(An)5.09 E F1(a)2.59 E F0 .09
-(may be used as a synon)2.59 F .09(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 345.6 Q F0(.)A
-F1(G)108 357.6 Q F0(Apply the follo)28.22 E(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0 2.5
+(may be used as a synon)2.59 F .09(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 511.2 Q F0(.)A
+F1(G)108 523.2 Q F0(Apply the follo)28.22 E(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0 2.5
('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 374.4 Q(UIL)-.11 E
-(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .063(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 386.4
-R .062(uiltin command documented in this section as accepting options p\
-
receded by)-.2 F F1<ad>108 398.4 Q F0(accepts)2.533 E F1<adad>2.533 E F0
+(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 540 Q(UIL)-.11 E
+(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .063(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 552 R
+.062(uiltin command documented in this section as accepting options pre\
+
ceded by)-.2 F F1<ad>108 564 Q F0(accepts)2.533 E F1<adad>2.533 E F0
.034(to signify the end of the options.)2.533 F(The)5.034 E F1(:)2.534 E
F0(,)A F1(true)2.534 E F0(,)A F1(false)2.534 E F0 2.534(,a)C(nd)-2.534 E
F1(test)2.534 E F0 -.2(bu)2.534 G .034(iltins do not accept options and)
-.2 F .078(do not treat)108
410.4 R F1<adad>2.577 E F0(specially)2.577 E
+.2 F .078(do not treat)108
576 R F1<adad>2.577 E F0(specially)2.577 E
5.077(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.077 E F1(exit)2.577 E F0(,)A F1(logout)2.577 E F0
(,)A F1(br)2.577 E(eak)-.18 E F0(,)A F1(continue)2.577 E F0(,)A F1(let)
2.577 E F0 2.577(,a)C(nd)-2.577 E F1(shift)2.577 E F0 -.2(bu)2.577 G
-.077(iltins accept and process ar).2 F(gu-)-.18 E .319(ments be)108
-422.4 R .319(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad>2.819 E F0 .319
-(without requiring)2.819 F F1<adad>2.819 E F0 5.319(.O)C .319(ther b)
--5.319 F .319(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .32(guments b)-.18 F .32
+.077(iltins accept and process ar).2 F(gu-)-.18 E .319(ments be)108 588
+R .319(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad>2.819 E F0 .319(without requiring)2.819
+F F1<adad>2.819 E F0 5.319(.O)C .319(ther b)-5.319 F .319
+(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .32(guments b)-.18 F .32
(ut are not speci\214ed as)-.2 F 1.144(accepting options interpret ar)
-108 434.4 R 1.144(guments be)-.18 F 1.144(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad>
-3.643 E F0 1.143(as in)3.643 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.143
-(lid options and require).25 F F1<adad>3.643 E F0 1.143(to pre)3.643 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 1.143(nt this).15 F(interpretation.)108 446.4 Q F1(:)108
-464.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .451(No ef)144 476.4 R
-.451(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F
-(xpanding)-.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .452(and performing an)
-3.222 F 2.952(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.952 E 2.5(redirections. A)144
-488.4 R(zero e)2.5 E(xit code is returned.)-.15 E F1(.)110.5 505.2 Q F2
+108 600 R 1.144(guments be)-.18 F 1.144(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad>3.643
+E F0 1.143(as in)3.643 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.143(lid options and require).25
+F F1<adad>3.643 E F0 1.143(to pre)3.643 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.143(nt this)
+.15 F(interpretation.)108 612 Q F1(:)108 630 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A
+(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .451(No ef)144 642 R .451
+(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F(xpanding)
+-.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .452(and performing an)3.222 F
+2.952(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.952 E 2.5(redirections. A)144 654 R
+(zero e)2.5 E(xit code is returned.)-.15 E F1(.)110.5 670.8 Q F2
(\214lename)6.666 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A F1(sour)108
-517.2 Q(ce)-.18 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E
-F0(])A 1.02(Read and e)144 529.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02
+682.8 Q(ce)-.18 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E
+F0(])A 1.02(Read and e)144 694.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02
(cute commands from).15 F F2(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02
(in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02(vironment and return the e)-.4 F
-(xit)-.15 E 1.458(status of the last command e)144 541.2 R -.15(xe)-.15
+(xit)-.15 E 1.458(status of the last command e)144 706.8 R -.15(xe)-.15
G 1.458(cuted from).15 F F2(\214lename)3.958 E F0 6.458(.I).18 G(f)
-6.458 E F2(\214lename)5.868 E F0 1.458
-(does not contain a slash, \214le-)4.138 F .608(names in)144 553.2 R/F4
+(does not contain a slash, \214le-)4.138 F .608(names in)144 718.8 R/F4
9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .608
(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F2(\214lename)3.108
E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in)-5.608 F F4 -.666(PA)
-3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 565.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
+3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 730.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
3.332(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.332 E F0 .832(is not in)3.332 F F2
.832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833
-(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .982
-(\214le is found in)144 577.2 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9
-/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .981(If the)5.481 F F1(sour)3.481 E(cepath)-.18
-E F0 .981(option to the)3.481 F F1(shopt)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981
-(iltin command is turned of).2 F .981(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144
-589.2 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.362 F .112(If an)5.112 F
-(y)-.15 E F2(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the)2.612 F
-2.612(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 F F2
-(\214lename)144 601.2 Q F0 .342(is e)2.842 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.842
-(cuted. Otherwise).15 F .342(the positional parameters are unchanged.)
-2.842 F .341(The return status is the)5.341 F .716
-(status of the last command e)144 613.2 R .716
-(xited within the script \(0 if no commands are e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.716(cuted\), and f).15 F .716(alse if)-.1 F F2(\214lename)145.91 625.2
-Q F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F1(alias)108 642 Q F0([)2.5
-E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C
-(..])-2.5 E F1(Alias)144 654 Q F0 2.725(with no ar)5.225 F 2.724
-(guments or with the)-.18 F F1<ad70>5.224 E F0 2.724
-(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F1(alias)5.224 E
-F2(name)144 666 Q F0(=)A F2(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F
-.58(When ar)5.58 F .58
-(guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F2(name)
-3.08 E F0(whose)144 678 Q F2(value)2.895 E F0 .395(is gi)2.895 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 2.895(n. A).15 F .395(trailing space in)2.895 F F2(value)
-5.395 E F0 .395(causes the ne)2.895 F .395(xt w)-.15 F .395
-(ord to be check)-.1 F .395(ed for alias sub-)-.1 F .054
-(stitution when the alias is e)144 690 R 2.554(xpanded. F)-.15 F .054
-(or each)-.15 F F2(name)2.554 E F0 .054(in the ar)2.554 F .054
-(gument list for which no)-.18 F F2(value)2.554 E F0 .054(is sup-)2.554
-F 1.314(plied, the name and v)144 702 R 1.314
-(alue of the alias is printed.)-.25 F F1(Alias)6.314 E F0 1.314
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1.008(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F3(globpat)3.507 E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F
-1.007(xpanded to generate the possible comple-)-.15 F(tions.)184 456 Q
-F1<ad50>144 468 Q F3(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr)184 480 Q(e\214x)-.37 E
+1.007(xpanded to generate the possible comple-)-.15 F(tions.)184 600 Q
+F1<ad50>144 612 Q F3(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr)184 624 Q(e\214x)-.37 E
F0 .534(is added at the be)3.034 F .534
(ginning of each possible completion after all other options ha)-.15 F
--.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 492 Q F1<ad53>144 504 Q F3(suf)2.5 E
+-.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 636 Q F1<ad53>144 648 Q F3(suf)2.5 E
2.81(\214x suf)-.18 F<8c78>-.18 E F0
(is appended to each possible completion after all other options ha)2.5
-E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1<ad57>144 516 Q F3(wor)2.5 E
-(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 528 Q F3(wor)3.64 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14
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+(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 672 Q F3(wor)3.64 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14
(is split using the characters in the)3.64 F F2(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.139
(special v)3.39 F 1.139(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F 2.007
-(each resultant w)184 540 R 2.007(ord is e)-.1 F 4.507(xpanded. The)-.15
+(each resultant w)184 684 R 2.007(ord is e)-.1 F 4.507(xpanded. The)-.15
F 2.008(possible completions are the members of the)4.507 F
-(resultant list which match the w)184 552 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E
-F1<ad58>144 564 Q F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 576 Q F0 .456
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(is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.956 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15 F
.455(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596
-(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 588 R 1.596
-(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 600 Q F3(\214lterpat)
+(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 108 R 1.596
+(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 120 Q F2(\214lterpat)
3.205 E F0 .705(is remo)3.205 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.205(df).15 G .704
(rom the list.)-3.205 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)3.204 E F0
-(in)3.204 E F3(\214lterpat)3.204 E F0(ne)3.204 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .704
-(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 612 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G
-(ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .466(The return v)144 628.8 R .466
+(in)3.204 E F2(\214lterpat)3.204 E F0(ne)3.204 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .704
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(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .466
(lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F1<ad70>2.967 E F0
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-(plied without a)144 640.8 R F3(name)3.862 E F0(ar)3.862 E 1.361
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(gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.661 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H
-1.361(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F3(name)144 652.8 Q F0
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(for which no speci\214cation e)2.5 E
(xists, or an error occurs adding a completion speci\214cation.)-.15 E
-F1(compopt)108 669.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F3(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
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-(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 681.6 R
-F3(name)2.947 E F0 .447(according to the)2.947 F F3(option)2.947 E F0
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.447(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E .726
-(completion if no)144 693.6 R F3(name)3.226 E F0 3.226(sa)C .726
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C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .725
-(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 705.6 Q F3(name)
+(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 225.6 Q F2(name)
3.223 E F0 .723(or the current completion.)3.223 F .724(The possible v)
-5.724 F .724(alues of)-.25 F F3(option)3.224 E F0 .724(are those v)3.224
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2.798 G .298(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.297(.T).15 G(he)
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(option indicates that the remaining options should apply to)2.797 F
-1.227(the `)144 729.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.727('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\
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+no)-3.727 F 2.178(completion has pre)144 261.6 R 2.178
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(option indicates that the remaining options)4.677 F(should apply to `)
-144 96 Q(`empty')-.74 E 2.5('c)-.74 G
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(ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.)-2.5
-E 1.387(The return v)144 120 R 1.387(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F
+E 1.387(The return v)144 297.6 R 1.387(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F
-.25(va)-.4 G 1.388
(lid option is supplied, an attempt is made to modify the).25 F
-(options for a)144 132 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.5 E F0
+(options for a)144 309.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0
(for which no completion speci\214cation e)2.5 E
-(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 148.8 Q F0([)
-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A 1.754(Resume the ne)144 160.8 R 1.754
+(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 326.4 Q F0([)
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(xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F1 -.25(fo)4.254 G(r).25 E F0(,)A
F1(while)4.254 E F0(,)A F1(until)4.254 E F0 4.254(,o)C(r)-4.254 E F1
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-(is speci\214ed,)4.493 F 1.208(resume at the)144 172.8 R F2(n)3.709 E F0
+(is speci\214ed,)4.493 F 1.208(resume at the)144 350.4 R F2(n)3.709 E F0
1.209(th enclosing loop.)B F2(n)6.569 E F0 1.209(must be)3.949 F/F3 10
/Symbol SF<b3>3.709 E F0 3.709(1. If)3.709 F F2(n)4.069 E F0 1.209
(is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .514
-(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 184.8 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15
+(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 362.4 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.014('l)-.74 G .514(oop\) is resumed.)-3.014 F .513
(The return v)5.513 F .513(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F2(n)3.013 E F0(is)
-3.013 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 196.8 Q F1(declar)108 213.6
+3.013 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 374.4 Q F1(declar)108 391.2
Q(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E
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-(typeset)108 225.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1
+(typeset)108 403.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1
<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C
-(..])-2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 237.6 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F
+(..])-2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 415.2 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F
1.564 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.264(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no)
3.765 E F2(name)3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25
G 3.765(nt).15 G 1.265(hen display the v)-3.765 F 1.265(alues of)-.25 F
--.25(va)144
249.6 S 3.483(riables. The).25 F F1<ad70>3.483 E F0 .983
+-.25(va)144
427.2 S 3.483(riables. The).25 F F1<ad70>3.483 E F0 .983
(option will display the attrib)3.483 F .983(utes and v)-.2 F .982
(alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.482 E F0 5.982(.W).18 G(hen)-5.982 E F1
-<ad70>3.482 E F0 .982(is used)3.482 F(with)144 261.6 Q F2(name)2.774 E
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F0(ar)2.774 E .274(guments, additional options, other than)-.18 F F1
<ad66>2.775 E F0(and)2.775 E F1<ad46>2.775 E F0 2.775(,a)C .275
(re ignored.)-2.775 F(When)5.275 E F1<ad70>2.775 E F0 .275(is supplied)
-2.775 F(without)144 273.6 Q F2(name)4.814 E F0(ar)4.814 E 2.314
+2.775 F(without)144 451.2 Q F2(name)4.814 E F0(ar)4.814 E 2.314
(guments, it will display the attrib)-.18 F 2.314(utes and v)-.2 F 2.313
(alues of all v)-.25 F 2.313(ariables ha)-.25 F 2.313(ving the)-.2 F
-(attrib)144 285.6 Q 1.181(utes speci\214ed by the additional options.)
+(attrib)144 463.2 Q 1.181(utes speci\214ed by the additional options.)
-.2 F 1.182(If no other options are supplied with)6.181 F F1<ad70>3.682
E F0(,)A F1(declar)3.682 E(e)-.18 E F0 .62(will display the attrib)144
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(ariables. The)-.25 F F1<ad66>3.12 E F0 .62
(option will restrict the display)3.12 F 1.29(to shell functions.)144
-
309.6 R(The)6.29 E F1<ad46>3.79 E F0 1.291(option inhibits the display \
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487.2 R(The)6.29 E F1<ad46>3.79 E F0 1.291(option inhibits the display \
of function de\214nitions; only the function)3.791 F .948
-(name and attrib)144 321.6 R .948(utes are printed.)-.2 F .948(If the)
+(name and attrib)144 499.2 R .948(utes are printed.)-.2 F .948(If the)
5.948 F F1(extdeb)3.448 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .948
(shell option is enabled using)3.448 F F1(shopt)3.448 E F0 3.448(,t)C
.948(he source)-3.448 F 1.342(\214le name and line number where the fun\
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-<ad46>3.842 E F0(option)3.842 E(implies)144
345.6 Q F1<ad66>3.892 E F0
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+<ad46>3.842 E F0(option)3.842 E(implies)144
523.2 Q F1<ad66>3.892 E F0
6.392(.T)C(he)-6.392 E F1<ad67>3.892 E F0 1.391(option forces v)3.892 F
1.391(ariables to be created or modi\214ed at the global scope, e)-.25 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E(when)144 357.6 Q F1(declar)4.382 E(e)-.18 E F0
+-.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E(when)144 535.2 Q F1(declar)4.382 E(e)-.18 E F0
1.882(is e)4.382 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.882(cuted in a shell function.).15 F
1.883(It is ignored in all other cases.)6.882 F 1.883(The follo)6.883 F
-(wing)-.25 E .794(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 369.6
+(wing)-.25 E .794(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 547.2
R .794(ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 F .793(ute or to gi)-.2
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-F1<ad61>144 393.6 Q F0(Each)25.3 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 E
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-.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1
-(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1<ad41>144 405.6 Q
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F0(Each)23.08 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25
H(rray v).15 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15
-(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1<ad66>144 417.6 Q F0(Use function names only)
-26.97 E(.)-.65 E F1<ad69>144 429.6 Q F0 .557(The v)27.52 F .558
+(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1<ad66>144 595.2 Q F0(Use function names only)
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(ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558(ger; arithmetic e)-.15 F -.25
(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .558
-(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION)180 441.6 Q F0(abo)
+(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION)180 619.2 Q F0(abo)
2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\)i).15 G 2.5(sp)-2.5 G(erformed when the v)
--2.5 E(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 453.6 Q
+-2.5 E(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 631.2 Q
F0 .91(When the v)27.52 F .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909
(alue, all upper)-.25 F .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4
-G .909(rted to lo).15 F(wer)-.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 465.6 R
-(upper)2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad6e>144 477.6
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Q F0(Gi)24.74 E 1.619 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2(name)3.819 E F0(the)
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(ute, making it a name reference to another v)-.2 F(ariable.)-.25 E
-1.033(That other v)180 489.6 R 1.033(ariable is de\214ned by the v)-.25
-F 1.033(alue of)-.25 F F2(name)3.533 E F0 6.033(.A)C 1.033
-(ll references and assignments to)-6.033 F F2(name)180 501.6 Q F0 4.032
-(,e)C 1.532(xcept for changing the)-4.182 F F1<ad6e>4.032 E F0(attrib)
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-(ariable refer)-.25 F(-)-.2 E(enced by)180 513.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 1.1
--.55('s v)D 2.5(alue. The).3 F F1<ad6e>2.5 E F0(attrib)2.5 E
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-525.6 Q F0(Mak)25.86 E(e)-.1 E F2(name)5.047 E F0 5.047(sr)C(eadonly)
--5.047 E 7.547(.T)-.65 G 2.546(hese names cannot then be assigned v)
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-(assignment statements or unset.)180 537.6 Q F1<ad74>144 549.6 Q F0(Gi)
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+(ute itself, are performed)-.2 F .895(on the v)180 691.2 R .895
+(ariable referenced by)-.25 F F2(name)3.395 E F0 1.995 -.55('s v)D 3.395
+(alue. The).3 F .894(nameref attrib)3.395 F .894
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+-.25 H(ach).15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.93 E F0(the)2.929 E F2
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+(raced functions inherit the)-.35 F F1(DEB)2.929 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.929
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(The trace attrib)5 E(ute has no special meaning for v)-.2 E(ariables.)
--.25 E F1<ad75>144 573.6 Q F0 .91(When the v)24.74 F .909
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(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909(alue, all lo)-.25 F(wer)-.25 E .909
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168 Q F1<ad64>
-2.867 E F0 .367(option will delete a b)2.867 F .367(uiltin pre)-.2 F
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364.8 Q F1<ad64>
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309.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2
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506.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2
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3<ad64>144
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-(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F1(declar)3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)
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-456 Q F2(name)3.72 E F0 .86(to ha)3.54 F 1.16 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .861
-(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F -.4
-(Wi)5.861 G .861(th no operands,).4 F F1(local)144 468 Q F0 1.165
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(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.165(It is an error to use)
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-(within a function.)144 480 R .233(The return status is 0 unless)5.232 F
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-(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad63>-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0
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-(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 549.6 R -.15(xe)
--.15 G 2.851(da).15 G .351(rray v)-2.851 F(ariable)-.25 E F2(arr)2.85 E
-(ay)-.15 E F0 2.85(,o).32 G 2.85(rf)-2.85 G .35(rom \214le descriptor)
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-(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 E F2(arr)3.749 E
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-(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F 1.259(minus sign is allo)144 559.2
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-(ords using the same rules the shell)-.1 F .754(uses for e)144 374.4 R
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-(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F(Options,)5.076 E
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-(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 410.4 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w)
-180 422.4 R 1.049
-(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable)
--.25 E F2(aname)3.549 E F0 3.549(,s).18 G 1.049(tarting at 0.)-3.549 F
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-(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 446.4 Q F2(delim)2.5 E
-F0(The \214rst character of)180 458.4 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0
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+(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F(Options,)5.075 E
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-(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)25.86 F F1 -.18(re)
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-(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 590.4 R F1 -.18(re)
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--.15 F(If)5.59 E F1 -.18(re)3.09 G(ad).18 E F0 .589(times out,)3.09 F F1
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--.25(va)180 120 S(riable).25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.77 E F0
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6 F F1<ad41>3.277 E
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7 F F1<ad41>3.277 E
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3.218 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.718(.T)C .718(he return status is 0 unless an in)
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-(is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 345.6 Q F0
-(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 362.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15
-E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .02(Causes a function to stop e)144 374.4 R
--.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuting and return the v).15 F .021
-(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.881 E F0 .021(to its caller)2.761 F
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-(the return status is that of the last command e)144 386.4 R -.15(xe)
--.15 G .469(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.469(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.469 E
-F1 -.18(re)2.969 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .468(is used out-)2.969 F .466
-(side a function, b)144 398.4 R .466(ut during e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
-.467(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)2.967 E F0(\()5.467 E F1(sour)
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-.088(stop e)144 410.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .087
-(cuting that script and return either).15 F F2(n)2.947 E F0 .087
-(or the e)2.827 F .087(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe)
--.15 G .087(cuted within).15 F .613(the script as the e)144 422.4 R .613
-(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.613 E F2(n)3.113 E F0 .613
-(is supplied, the return v)3.113 F .613
-(alue is its least signi\214cant 8)-.25 F 2.511(bits. The)144 434.4 R
-.011(return status is non-zero if)2.511 F F1 -.18(re)2.511 G(tur).18 E
-(n)-.15 E F0 .011(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.511 F .01
-(gument, or is used outside)-.18 F 2.909(af)144 446.4 S .409
-(unction and not during e)-2.909 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .41
-(cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.91 E F0(or)3.743 E F1(sour)2.91 E
-(ce)-.18 E F0 5.41(.A)C .71 -.15(ny c)-5.41 H .41
-(ommand associated with the).15 F F1(RETURN)144 458.4 Q F0(trap is e)2.5
-E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted before e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
-(cution resumes after the function or script.).15 E F1(set)108 475.2 Q
-F0([)2.5 E F1(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E
-F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E
-F1(set)108 487.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1
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-(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784
-(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 511.2
-R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .784
-(riables cannot be).25 F 2.912(reset. In)144 523.2 R F2(posix)2.912 E F0
-.412(mode, only shell v)2.912 F .412(ariables are listed.)-.25 F .412
-(The output is sorted according to the current)5.412 F 3.53
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--.2 F 3.531(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.531 G 1.031(uments remaining).18 F
-1.624(after option processing are treated as v)144 547.2 R 1.623
-(alues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in)-.25 F(order)
-144 559.2 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F1($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($2)2.5 E F0(,)A
-F1 2.5(... $)2.5 F F2(n)A F0 5(.O)C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha)-5 E .3
--.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 571.2 Q
-F0 .539(Automatically mark v)29.3 F .539
-(ariables and functions which are modi\214ed or created for e)-.25 F .54
-(xport to)-.15 F(the en)184 583.2 Q(vironment of subsequent commands.)
--.4 E F1<ad62>144 595.2 Q F0 .132
-(Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)28.74 F
-2.632(,r)-.65 G .131(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E
-(primary prompt.)184 607.2 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o)
--.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1<ad65>144 619.2 Q F0
-.087(Exit immediately if a)29.86 F F2(pipeline)2.587 E F0 .087
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246 Q F1<ad70>
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--.25 H .379(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real).15 F .461
-(user \(group\) id, and the)184
306 R F1<ad70>2.961 E F0 .461
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474 Q F1<ad70>
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534 R F1<ad70>2.961 E F0 .461
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(ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F .395(If the)5.395 F F1<ad70>
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-(set to the real user and group ids.)184 342 Q F1<ad74>144 354 Q F0
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(Exit after reading and e)30.97 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting one command.).15
-E F1<ad75>144 366 Q F0 -.35(Tr)28.74 G .044(eat unset v).35 F .044(aria\
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--.25 F .182(error when performing parameter e)184 378 R 2.682
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(pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F(ari-)-.25 E .746
-(able or parameter)184 390 R 3.246(,t)-.4 G .746
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(xpansion \(see)-.15 F F1 2.578(Brace Expansion)5.078 F F0(abo)5.078 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G 5.079(\). This).15 F 2.579(is on by)5.079 F(def)184 474 Q
-(ault.)-.1 E F1<ad43>144 486 Q F0 .214(If set,)27.08 F F1(bash)2.714 E
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-(rridden when creating output \214les by using the redirection opera-)
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-(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 546 Q F1
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-(style history substitution.)5.532 F .531(This option is on by def)5.532
-F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 570 Q -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 582 Q F0 .959
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(If set, the shell does not resolv)28.19 F 3.459(es)-.15 G .959
-(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .96
-(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.46 E F0 2.822
-(that change the current w)184 594 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822
-(.I)-.65 G 5.322(tu)-7.822 G 2.822(ses the ph)-5.322 F 2.821
-(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.685(instead. By)184 606 R(def)2.685
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(ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F
-(mands which change the current directory)184
618 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144
-630 Q F0 .89(If set, an)27.63 F 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1
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192 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144
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(DEB)3.39 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)3.39 E F1(RETURN)3.39 E F0 .89
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-(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 654 Q F0
-(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 666 Q
-F0 .401(If no ar)28.6 F .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401
+(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 228 Q F0
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(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F
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-(options are turned of)3.446 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .945(there are no)
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-(parameters remain unchanged.)184 714 Q .425(The options are of)144
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+(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)34.3 F F2(ar)4.444 E(g)
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(ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425
-(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F(GNU Bash 4.3)72
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--.35 E .178(to be turned of)144 84 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178
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(options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in)
--.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066
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-(is encountered.)144 108 Q F1(shift)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E/F2 10
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-.083(umber less than or equal to).15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f)
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-(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06
-(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143
-(positional parameters are not changed.)144 172.8 R .144
-(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0 .144
-(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0
-(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 184.8 Q F1(shopt)108 201.6 Q F0([)
+-.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .178(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.178 E .066
+(current set of options may be found in)144 328.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0
+5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066
+(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .066(lid option).25 F
+(is encountered.)144 340.8 Q F1(shift)108 357.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
+(])A .428(The positional parameters from)144 369.6 R F2(n)2.928 E F0
+.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.429 G
+.429(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 381.6 Q F1($#)2.583
+E F0(do)2.583 E .083(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.583 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .083
+(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.443 E F0 .083(must be a non-ne)2.823 F -.05(ga)
+-.15 G(ti).05 E .382 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .082(umber less than or equal to)
+.15 F F1($#)2.582 E F0 5.082(.I)C(f)-5.082 E F2(n)2.942 E F0 .06
+(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 393.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0
+.06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F
+(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56
+(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .144(positional parameters are not changed.)144 405.6 R
+.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.144 F F2(n)3.003 E F0
+.143(is greater than)2.883 F F1($#)2.643 E F0
+(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 417.6 Q F1(shopt)108 434.4 Q F0([)
2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname)
--2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 213.6 S .64(ggle the v).8 F .639
+-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 446.4 S .639(ggle the v).8 F .639
(alues of settings controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E
-5.639(.T)-.55 G .639(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .374
-(listed belo)144 225.6 R 1.674 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.174 -.4(r, i).65 H
-2.874(ft).4 G(he)-2.874 E F1<ad6f>2.874 E F0 .375
+5.639(.T)-.55 G .64(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .375
+(listed belo)144 458.4 R 1.675 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.175 -.4(r, i).65 H
+2.875(ft).4 G(he)-2.875 E F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .375
(option is used, those a)2.875 F -.25(va)-.2 G .375(ilable with the).25
-F F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .375(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.875 E F0 -.2
-(bu)2.875 G .375(iltin com-).2 F 3.326(mand. W)144 237.6 R .826
-(ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F1<ad70>3.326 E F0 .825
-(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an)3.326 F
-.945(indication of whether or not each is set.)144 249.6 R(The)5.945 E
+F F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .374(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.874 E F0 -.2
+(bu)2.874 G .374(iltin com-).2 F 3.325(mand. W)144 470.4 R .825
+(ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F1<ad70>3.325 E F0 .826
+(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an)3.325 F
+.945(indication of whether or not each is set.)144 482.4 R(The)5.945 E
F1<ad70>3.445 E F0 .945(option causes output to be displayed in a form)
-3.445 F(that may be reused as input.)144 261.6 Q(Other options ha)5 E .3
--.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>144 273.6 Q
-F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 285.6
+3.445 F(that may be reused as input.)144 494.4 Q(Other options ha)5 E .3
+-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>144 506.4 Q
+F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 518.4
Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144
-297.6 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the return sta\
-tus indicates whether the)24.74 F F2(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E .255
-(set or unset.)180 309.6 R .255(If multiple)5.255 F F2(optname)2.755 E
-F0(ar)2.755 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G
-(ith)-2.756 E F1<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256
-(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F(all)180 321.6 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E
-F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 333.6 Q F0
+530.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the return sta\
+tus indicates whether the)24.74 F F2(optname)2.504 E F0(is)2.504 E .256
+(set or unset.)180 542.4 R .256(If multiple)5.256 F F2(optname)2.756 E
+F0(ar)2.756 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G
+(ith)-2.756 E F1<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.755(,t)C .255
+(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F(all)180 554.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E
+F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 566.4 Q F0
(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0
(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0(option to the)2.5
-E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .625(If either)144 350.4 R F1
-<ad73>3.12
5 E F0(or)3.124 E F1<ad75>3.124 E F0 .624(is used with no)
+E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .624(If either)144 583.2 R F1
+<ad73>3.12
4 E F0(or)3.124 E F1<ad75>3.124 E F0 .624(is used with no)
3.124 F F2(optname)3.124 E F0(ar)3.124 E(guments,)-.18 E F1(shopt)3.124
-E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F 2.233
-(set or unset, respecti)144 362.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 7.234(.U)
+E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F 2.234
+(set or unset, respecti)144 595.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 7.234(.U)
-.65 G 2.234(nless otherwise noted, the)-7.234 F F1(shopt)4.734 E F0
-2.234(options are disabled \(unset\) by)4.734 F(def)144 374.4 Q(ault.)
+2.234(options are disabled \(unset\) by)4.734 F(def)144 607.2 Q(ault.)
-.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144
-391.2 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)
-4.044 F .696
+624 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)
+4.045 F .696
(When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an)
-144 403.2 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696
-(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 415.2 Q(The list of)144 432 Q F1(shopt)
-2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 450 Q F0 .2
+144 636 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695(alid shell)
+-.25 F(option.)144 648 Q(The list of)144 664.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0
+(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 682.8 Q F0 .199
(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)11.11 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .199(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
-(ment to the)184 462 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
+(ment to the)184 694.8 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
(option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E
-F1(cdable_v)144 474 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 486 R .155
-(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156
+F1(cdable_v)144 706.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 718.8 R .156
+(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155
(iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F
-(name of a v)184 498 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
-(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 510 Q F0
-1.055
+(name of a v)184 730.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
+(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q
+(2014 August 27)142.895 E(67)192.055 E 0 Cg EP
+%%Page: 68 68
+%%BeginPageSetup
+BP
+%%EndPageSetup
+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
+-.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(cdspell)144 84 Q F0 1.055
(If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)
-10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987
-(corrected. The)184 522 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487
-(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a)
--.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .77(one character too man)184 534 R 4.57 -.65(y. I)
+10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988
+(corrected. The)184 96 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487
+(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a)
+-.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .77(one character too man)184 108 R 4.57 -.65(y. I)
-.15 H 3.27(fac).65 G .77
(orrection is found, the corrected \214lename is printed, and)-3.27 F
-(the command proceeds.)184 546 Q(This option is only used by interacti)5
-E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(checkhash)144 558 Q F0 2.079
-(If set,)184 570 R F1(bash)4.579 E F0 2.079
-(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.579 F 2.08
-(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 582 S(cute it.).15 E
+(the command proceeds.)184 120 Q(This option is only used by interacti)5
+E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(checkhash)144 132 Q F0 2.08
+(If set,)184 144 R F1(bash)4.58 E F0 2.079
+(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.58 F 2.079
+(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 156 S(cute it.).15 E
(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E
-(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 594 Q
-F0 .449(If set,)184 606 R F1(bash)2.949 E F0 .449
-(lists the status of an)2.949 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .448
-(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .448(xiting an interacti)-.15
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.438(shell. If)184 618 R(an)3.438 E 3.438(yj)-.15 G
-.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.438 F .938
-(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .939(xit is)-.15 F 2.203
-(attempted without an interv)184 630 R 2.203(ening command \(see)-.15 F
-/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.203(JOB CONTR)4.703 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)4.453 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.703 E(al)184 642 Q -.1(wa)-.1
+(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 168 Q
+F0 .448(If set,)184 180 R F1(bash)2.948 E F0 .448
+(lists the status of an)2.948 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .449
+(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .449(xiting an interacti)-.15
+F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.439(shell. If)184 192 R(an)3.439 E 3.439(yj)-.15 G
+.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.439 F .938
+(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .938(xit is)-.15 F 2.203
+(attempted without an interv)184 204 R 2.203(ening command \(see)-.15 F
+/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.203(JOB CONTR)4.703 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)4.453 E
+-.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.704 E(al)184 216 Q -.1(wa)-.1
G(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G
-(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 654 Q F0 .796(If set,)184
-666 R F1(bash)3.296 E F0 .796(checks the windo)3.296 F 3.296(ws)-.25 G
-.797(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.296 F 3.297(,u)-.65 G
-.797(pdates the)-3.297 F -.25(va)184 678 S(lues of).25 E F3(LINES)2.5 E
-F0(and)2.25 E F3(COLUMNS)2.5 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(cmdhist)144
-690 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202(attempts to sa)
+(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 228 Q F0 .797(If set,)184
+240 R F1(bash)3.297 E F0 .797(checks the windo)3.297 F 3.297(ws)-.25 G
+.796(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.297 F 3.296(,u)-.65 G
+.796(pdates the)-3.296 F -.25(va)184 252 S(lues of).25 E F2(LINES)2.5 E
+F0(and)2.25 E F2(COLUMNS)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(cmdhist)144
+264 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202(attempts to sa)
3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 1.202
(ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history).15 F(entry)184
-702 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E
-(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q
-(2014 February 2)141.79 E(67)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
-%%Page: 68 68
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(compat31)144 84 Q F0 .419(If set,)184 96 R
-F1(bash)2.919 E F0 .419(changes its beha)2.919 F .419(vior to that of v)
--.2 F .42(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)-.15 F(guments)-.18 E
-.462(to the)184 108 R F1([[)2.962 E F0 .462(conditional command')2.962 F
-(s)-.55 E F1(=~)2.962 E F0 .462
+276 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E
+(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 288 Q
+F0 .42(If set,)184 300 R F1(bash)2.92 E F0 .42(changes its beha)2.92 F
+.419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .419(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)
+-.15 F(guments)-.18 E .461(to the)184 312 R F1([[)2.961 E F0 .462
+(conditional command')2.962 F(s)-.55 E F1(=~)2.962 E F0 .462
(operator and locale-speci\214c string comparison when)2.962 F .71
-(using the)184 120 R F1([[)3.21 E F0 .71(conditional command')3.21 F(s)
+(using the)184 324 R F1([[)3.21 E F0 .71(conditional command')3.21 F(s)
-.55 E F1(<)3.21 E F0(and)3.21 E F1(>)3.21 E F0 3.21(operators. Bash)
-3.21 F -.15(ve)3.21 G .71(rsions prior to bash-4.1).15 F .821
-(use ASCII collation and)184 132 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(str)3.321 E
+3.21 F -.15(ve)3.21 G .71(rsions prior to bash-4.1).15 F .82
+(use ASCII collation and)184 336 R/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(str)3.321 E
(cmp)-.37 E F0 .821(\(3\); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale')
-.19 F 3.32(sc)-.55 G(ollation)-3.32 E(sequence and)184 144 Q F2(str)2.5
-E(coll)-.37 E F0(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat32)144 156 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184
-168 R F1(bash)3.909 E F0 1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409
-(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.41
-(ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F .423
-(string comparison when using the)184 180 R F1([[)2.922 E F0 .422
+.19 F 3.321(sc)-.55 G(ollation)-3.321 E(sequence and)184 348 Q F4(str)
+2.5 E(coll)-.37 E F0(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat32)144 360 Q F0 1.41(If set,)
+184 372 R F1(bash)3.91 E F0 1.41(changes its beha)3.91 F 1.409
+(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.409
+(ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F .422
+(string comparison when using the)184 384 R F1([[)2.922 E F0 .422
(conditional command')2.922 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)2.922 E F0(and)2.922 E F1(>)
-2.922 E F0 .422(operators \(see pre-)2.922 F(vious item\).)184 192 Q F1
-(compat40)144 204 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 216 R F1(bash)3.909 E F0 1.409
-(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.41
-(ersion 4.0 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F 2.008
-(string comparison when using the)184 228 R F1([[)4.508 E F0 2.007
-(conditional command')4.508 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)4.507 E F0(and)4.507 E F1(>)
-4.507 E F0 2.007(operators \(see)4.507 F .769(description of)184 240 R
-F1(compat31)3.269 E F0 3.269(\)a)C .769(nd the ef)-3.269 F .769
-(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 F .77(Bash v)5.77 F(ersions)
--.15 E .087(4.0 and later interrupt the list as if the shell recei)184
-252 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.586(dt).15 G .086(he interrupt; pre)-2.586 F .086
-(vious v)-.25 F .086(ersions con-)-.15 F(tinue with the ne)184 264 Q
-(xt command in the list.)-.15 E F1(compat41)144 276 Q F0 1.483(If set,)
-184 288 R F1(bash)3.983 E F0 3.983(,w)C 1.483(hen in)-3.983 F F2(posix)
-3.983 E F0 1.484
-(mode, treats a single quote in a double-quoted parameter)3.983 F -.15
-(ex)184 300 S .959(pansion as a special character).15 F 5.959(.T)-.55 G
-.958(he single quotes must match \(an e)-5.959 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.458
-(nn).15 G .958(umber\) and)-3.458 F .59
-(the characters between the single quotes are considered quoted.)184 312
-R .59(This is the beha)5.59 F .59(vior of)-.2 F .59
-(posix mode through v)184 324 R .589(ersion 4.1.)-.15 F .589(The def)
-5.589 F .589(ault bash beha)-.1 F .589(vior remains as in pre)-.2 F .589
-(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E(sions.)184 336 Q F1(compat42)144 348 Q
-F0 1.796(If set,)184 360 R F1(bash)4.296 E F0 1.796
+2.923 E F0 .423(operators \(see pre-)2.923 F(vious item\).)184 396 Q F1
+(compat40)144 408 Q F0 1.41(If set,)184 420 R F1(bash)3.91 E F0 1.41
+(changes its beha)3.91 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.409
+(ersion 4.0 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F 2.007
+(string comparison when using the)184 432 R F1([[)4.507 E F0 2.008
+(conditional command')4.507 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)4.508 E F0(and)4.508 E F1(>)
+4.508 E F0 2.008(operators \(see)4.508 F .77(description of)184 444 R F1
+(compat31)3.27 E F0 3.269(\)a)C .769(nd the ef)-3.269 F .769
+(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 F .769(Bash v)5.769 F
+(ersions)-.15 E .086
+(4.0 and later interrupt the list as if the shell recei)184 456 R -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 2.587(dt).15 G .087(he interrupt; pre)-2.587 F .087(vious v)
+-.25 F .087(ersions con-)-.15 F(tinue with the ne)184 468 Q
+(xt command in the list.)-.15 E F1(compat41)144 480 Q F0 1.484(If set,)
+184 492 R F1(bash)3.984 E F0 3.984(,w)C 1.484(hen in)-3.984 F F4(posix)
+3.984 E F0 1.483
+(mode, treats a single quote in a double-quoted parameter)3.984 F -.15
+(ex)184 504 S .958(pansion as a special character).15 F 5.958(.T)-.55 G
+.959(he single quotes must match \(an e)-5.958 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.459
+(nn).15 G .959(umber\) and)-3.459 F .59
+(the characters between the single quotes are considered quoted.)184 516
+R .59(This is the beha)5.59 F .59(vior of)-.2 F .589
+(posix mode through v)184 528 R .589(ersion 4.1.)-.15 F .589(The def)
+5.589 F .589(ault bash beha)-.1 F .589(vior remains as in pre)-.2 F .59
+(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E(sions.)184 540 Q F1(compat42)144 552 Q
+F0 1.797(If set,)184 564 R F1(bash)4.297 E F0 1.796
(does not process the replacement string in the pattern substitution w)
-4.296 F(ord)-.1 E -.15(ex)184 372 S(pansion using quote remo).15 E -.25
-(va)-.15 G(l.).25 E F1(complete_fullquote)144 384 Q F0 .654(If set,)184
-396 R F1(bash)3.153 E F0 .653(quotes all shell metacharacters in \214le\
-names and directory names when per)3.153 F(-)-.2 E 1.524
-(forming completion.)184 408 R 1.524(If not set,)6.524 F F1(bash)4.024 E
+4.296 F(ord)-.1 E -.15(ex)184 576 S(pansion using quote remo).15 E -.25
+(va)-.15 G(l.).25 E F1(complete_fullquote)144 588 Q F0 .653(If set,)184
+600 R F1(bash)3.153 E F0 .653(quotes all shell metacharacters in \214le\
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.558(alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .558(tion of the tw).05 F
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-334.8 R 3.021(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .521
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-3.021 F(ar)180 346.8 Q .485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(\))2.985
-E F0 2.985(,t)C .485(he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485
+(o-ar)-.1 E(gument)-.18 E .521(test using the second and third ar)180
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(gument test of the second ar)-.18 F 2.985(gument. Other)-.18 F(-)-.2 E
-(wise, the e)180 358.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144
-370.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .384(If the \214rst ar)180 382.8 R
-.384(gument is)-.18 F F2(!)2.884 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385
-(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .385(tion of the three-ar)
-.05 F .385(gument e)-.18 F .385(xpression com-)-.15 F 1.648
-(posed of the remaining ar)180 394.8 R 4.147(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F
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+(posed of the remaining ar)180 614.4 R 4.147(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F
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G(luated).25 E(according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180
-406.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 418.8 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)
--2.5 E(guments)-.18 E 1.635(The e)180 430.8 R 1.635
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+-2.5 E(guments)-.18 E 1.635(The e)180 650.4 R 1.635
(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.635
(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F(abo)180
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-(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 E F2(times)108 477.6 Q F0
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1.229(Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and for\
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-(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)3.391 F -.2(vo)-.4 G
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--3.022 F(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2014 February 2)141.79 E(71)190.95 E 0 Cg
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-(These are the same conditions obe)144 144 Q(yed by the)-.15 E F2(err)
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--.25 F F1 -.666(PA)3.23 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .73
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-(includes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144
322.8 R F2<ad70>
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+(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 478.8 R .118
+(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .119(If the)5.119 F
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+(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 490.8 R .855
+(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0
+.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .64(mand name, or nothing if)144
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+(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.141 E F0 5.641(.T).18 G(he)-5.641 E F1
+<ad50>3.141 E F0 .641(option forces a)3.141 F F3 -.666(PA)3.141 G(TH)
+-.189 E F0 .113(search for each)144 514.8 R F2(name)2.613 E F0 2.613(,e)
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+(alue, which is not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25
+F F3 -.666(PA)3.231 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .731(If the)5.231 F F1<ad61>
+144 538.8 Q F0 1.749(option is used,)4.249 F F1(type)4.248 E F0 1.748
+(prints all of the places that contain an e)4.248 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.748
+(cutable named).15 F F2(name)4.248 E F0 6.748(.T).18 G(his)-6.748 E .744
+(includes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144
550.8 R F1<ad70>
+3.244 E F0 .744(option is not also used.)3.244 F .744
(The table of hashed)5.744 F 1.223(commands is not consulted when using)
-144
334.8 R F2<ad61>3.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F2<ad66>3.723 E F0
-1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .326(with the)
-144 346.8 R F2(command)2.826 E F0 -.2(bu)2.826 G(iltin.).2 E F2(type)
-5.326 E F0 .326(returns true if all of the ar)2.826 F .325
-(guments are found, f)-.18 F .325(alse if an)-.1 F 2.825(ya)-.15 G .325
-(re not)-2.825 F(found.)144 358.8 Q F2(ulimit)108 375.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2
-(\255HST)A(abcde\214lmnpqrstuvx)-.92 E F0([)2.5 E F3(limit)A F0(]])A
-(Pro)144 387.6 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.743(rt).15
-G .243(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
+144
562.8 R F1<ad61>3.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F1<ad66>3.723 E F0
+1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .325(with the)
+144 574.8 R F1(command)2.825 E F0 -.2(bu)2.825 G(iltin.).2 E F1(type)
+5.325 E F0 .325(returns true if all of the ar)2.825 F .326
+(guments are found, f)-.18 F .326(alse if an)-.1 F 2.826(ya)-.15 G .326
+(re not)-2.826 F(found.)144 586.8 Q F1(ulimit)108 603.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
+(\255HST)A(abcde\214lmnpqrstuvx)-.92 E F0([)2.5 E F2(limit)A F0(]])A
+(Pro)144 615.6 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.744(rt).15
+G .244(he resources a)-2.744 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244
(ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F
-.944(that allo)144 399.6 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F
-(The)5.944 E F2<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F2<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943
+.943(that allo)144 627.6 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F
+(The)5.943 E F1<ad48>3.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .944
(options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi)
-144 411.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208
+144 639.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208
(hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\
-ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 423.6 R .426
-(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F2<ad48>2.925 E
-F0(nor)2.925 E F2<ad53>2.925 E F0 .425
-(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
-435.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F3(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
+ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 651.6 R .425
+(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F1<ad48>2.926 E
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+(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144
+663.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139
(can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F
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-(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F2(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
+.741(of the special v)144 675.6 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F1
+(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w)
C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78
-(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 459.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
-5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F3(limit)3.37 E F0 .78
+(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 687.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
+5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F2(limit)3.37 E F0 .78
(is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25
-F .49
9(resource is printed, unless the)144 471.6 R F2<ad48>2.999 E F0
-.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .498
+F .49
8(resource is printed, unless the)144 699.6 R F1<ad48>2.999 E F0
+.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .499
(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F
-(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 483.6 Q 2.5
-(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F2
-<ad61>144 495.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F2<ad62>144
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-F2<ad63>144 519.6 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E
-F2<ad64>144 531.6 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)
--.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F2<ad65>144 543.6 Q F0
-(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F2<ad66>144 555.6 Q
-F0(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)
-26.97 E F2<ad69>144 567.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)
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-(be set\))180 615.6 Q F2<ad70>144 627.6 Q F0
-(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F2
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-(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)24.74 E F2<ad72>144
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-F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
-(ilable to a single user).25 E F2<ad76>144 699.6 Q F0 .47
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 389.54(SH\(1\) B).35 F(ASH\(1\))
--.35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad78>144 84 Q F0
-(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F1<ad54>144 96 Q F0
-(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 112.8 Q/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)3.058 E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.468(n, and the).15 F F1<ad61>2.968 E F0 .468(option is not used,)2.968
-F F2(limit)2.968 E F0 .468(is the ne)2.968 F 2.968(wv)-.25 G .468
-(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .045
-(no option is gi)144 124.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>
-2.545 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045
-(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .044(xcept for)-.15 F F1
-<ad74>2.544 E F0 2.544(,w)C .044(hich is)-2.544 F .402(in seconds;)144
-136.8 R F1<ad70>2.902 E F0 2.902(,w)C .402
-(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks; and)-2.902 F F1<ad54>2.902 E F0(,)
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+(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F1<ad62>144 96 Q F0
+(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E F1<ad63>
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+144 120 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G
+(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 132 Q F0
+(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F1<ad66>144 144 Q F0
+(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)26.97
+E F1<ad69>144 156 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)27.52 E F1
+<ad6c>144 168 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E
+(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 180 Q F0
+(The maximum resident set size \(man)21.97 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G
+(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 192 Q F0 .791(The \
+maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)
+24.74 F 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F(be set\))180
+204 Q F1<ad70>144 216 Q F0
+(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F1
+<ad71>144 228 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)
+24.74 E F1<ad72>144 240 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)
+25.86 E F1<ad73>144 252 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F1<ad74>144
+264 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F1<ad75>144
+276 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
+(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 288 Q F0 .47
+(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)25.3 F -.25(va)-.2 G .47
+(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 300
+Q F1<ad78>144 312 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F1
+<ad54>144 324 Q F0(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 340.8 Q
+/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)3.058 E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)
+-.25 G .468(n, and the).15 F F1<ad61>2.968 E F0 .468
+(option is not used,)2.968 F F2(limit)2.968 E F0 .468(is the ne)2.968 F
+2.968(wv)-.25 G .468(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468
+E .044(no option is gi)144 352.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .044(n, then).15 F F1
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+(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .045(xcept for)-.15 F F1
+<ad74>2.545 E F0 2.545(,w)C .045(hich is)-2.545 F .403(in seconds;)144
+364.8 R F1<ad70>2.903 E F0 2.903(,w)C .402
+(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks; and)-2.903 F F1<ad54>2.902 E F0(,)
A F1<ad62>2.902 E F0(,)A F1<ad6e>2.902 E F0 2.902(,a)C(nd)-2.902 E F1
-<ad75>2.903 E F0 2.903(,w)C .403(hich are unscaled)-2.903 F -.25(va)144
-148.8 S 3.083(lues. The).25 F .583(return status is 0 unless an in)3.083
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+376.8 S 3.082(lues. The).25 F .583(return status is 0 unless an in)3.083
F -.25(va)-.4 G .583(lid option or ar).25 F .583
(gument is supplied, or an error occurs)-.18 F(while setting a ne)144
-160.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1(umask)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
+388.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1(umask)108 405.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1
<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2
-(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 189.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0
+(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 417.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0
5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F2(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2
(gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\
therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\
-pted by)144 201.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
-213.6 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382
+pted by)144 429.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144
+441.6 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382
(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382
(option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547
-(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 225.6 R .547
+(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 453.6 R .547
(ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G
(he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2
-(mode)144.38 237.6 Q F0 .551
-(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231
-F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 249.6 Q
+(mode)144.38 465.6 Q F0 .552
+(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232
+F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 477.6 Q
(as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E
(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1
-(unalias)108 266.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
-(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 278.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
+(unalias)108 494.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0
+(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 506.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name)
4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155 F(If)6.655 E
F1<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155
-F(remo)144 290.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
+F(remo)144 518.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E
(alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0
-(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 307.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
+(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 535.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1
(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])
-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 319.2 S 3.827(re).15 G(ach)-3.827 E F2(name)3.827 E F0
-3.827(,r).18 G(emo)-3.827 E 1.627 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.327
+2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 547.2 S 3.828(re).15 G(ach)-3.828 E F2(name)3.828 E F0
+3.828(,r).18 G(emo)-3.828 E 1.628 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.328
(he corresponding v).15 F 1.327(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.327
-(If the)6.327 F F1<ad76>3.828 E F0 1.328(option is gi)3.828 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G 1.328(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 331.2 Q F0 1.551
-(refers to a shell v)4.231 F 1.551(ariable, and that v)-.25 F 1.551
-(ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.05(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va)
-4.05 G 1.55(riables may not be).25 F 4.641(unset. If)144 343.2 R F1
-<ad66>4.641 E F0 2.141(is speci\214ed, each)4.641 F F2(name)5.001 E F0
+(If the)6.327 F F1<ad76>3.827 E F0 1.327(option is gi)3.827 F -.15(ve)
+-.25 G 1.327(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 559.2 Q F0 1.55
+(refers to a shell v)4.23 F 1.551(ariable, and that v)-.25 F 1.551
+(ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.051(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va)
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+<ad66>4.642 E F0 2.142(is speci\214ed, each)4.642 F F2(name)5.001 E F0
2.141(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is)4.821
-F(remo)144
355.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.538(d. If).15 F(the)2.537 E F1<ad6e>
+F(remo)144
583.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.537(d. If).15 F(the)2.537 E F1<ad6e>
2.537 E F0 .037(option is supplied, and)2.537 F F2(name)2.537 E F0 .037
(is a v)2.537 F .037(ariable with the)-.25 F F2(namer)2.537 E(ef)-.37 E
-F0(attrib)2.537 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.537 E F0(will)2.537 E .492
-(be unset rather than the v)144 367.2 R .492(ariable it references.)-.25
+F0(attrib)2.537 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.537 E F0(will)2.538 E .492
+(be unset rather than the v)144 595.2 R .492(ariable it references.)-.25
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+165.6 R .568(ug in)-.2 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash,)3.068 E F0 .568
+(you should report it.)3.068 F .568(But \214rst, you should mak)5.568 F
+3.068(es)-.1 G .568(ure that it really is a b)-3.068 F .567(ug, and)-.2
+F 5.625(that it appears in the latest v)108 177.6 R 5.625(ersion of)-.15
+F F2(bash)8.125 E F0 10.625(.T)C 5.625(he latest v)-10.625 F 5.626
+(ersion is al)-.15 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 5.626(ys a).1 F -.25(va)-.2 G 5.626
+(ilable from).25 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ftp://ftp.gnu.or)108 189.6 Q
+(g/pub/gnu/bash/)-.37 E F0(.)A .411(Once you ha)108 206.4 R .711 -.15
+(ve d)-.2 H .411(etermined that a b).15 F .411(ug actually e)-.2 F .411
+(xists, use the)-.15 F F3(bashb)3.18 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .41
+(command to submit a b)3.13 F .41(ug report.)-.2 F(If)5.41 E .594
+(you ha)108 218.4 R .894 -.15(ve a \214)-.2 H .595
+(x, you are encouraged to mail that as well!).15 F .595
+(Suggestions and `philosophical' b)5.595 F .595(ug reports may)-.2 F
+(be mailed to)108 230.4 Q F3 -.2(bu)2.5 G(g-bash@gnu.or).2 E(g)-.37 E F0
+(or posted to the Usenet ne)2.5 E(wsgroup)-.25 E F2(gnu.bash.b)2.5 E(ug)
+-.2 E F0(.)A(ALL b)108 247.2 Q(ug reports should include:)-.2 E(The v)
+108 264 Q(ersion number of)-.15 E F2(bash)2.5 E F0(The hardw)108 276 Q
+(are and operating system)-.1 E(The compiler used to compile)108 288 Q
+2.5(Ad)108 300 S(escription of the b)-2.5 E(ug beha)-.2 E(viour)-.2 E
+2.5(As)108 312 S(hort script or `recipe' which e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G
+(rcises the b).15 E(ug)-.2 E F3(bashb)108.27 328.8 Q(ug)-.2 E F0
(inserts the \214rst three items automatically into the template it pro)
2.72 E(vides for \214ling a b)-.15 E(ug report.)-.2 E(Comments and b)108
-129.6 Q(ug reports concerning this manual page should be directed to)-.2
-E F1 -.15(ch)2.5 G(et.r).15 E(ame)-.15 E(y@case)-.3 E(.edu)-.15 E F0(.)
-.25 E/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF -.11(BU)72 146.4 S(GS).11 E F0(It')108
-158.4 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G(oo big and too slo)-2.5 E -.65(w.)-.25 G 1.868
-(There are some subtle dif)108 175.2 R 1.868(ferences between)-.25 F/F3
-10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)4.369 E F0 1.869(and traditional v)4.369 F 1.869
-(ersions of)-.15 F F3(sh)4.369 E F0 4.369(,m)C 1.869
-(ostly because of the)-4.369 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(POSIX)108 187.2 Q F0
-(speci\214cation.)2.25 E(Aliases are confusing in some uses.)108 204 Q
-(Shell b)108 220.8 Q
+345.6 Q(ug reports concerning this manual page should be directed to)-.2
+E F3 -.15(ch)2.5 G(et.r).15 E(ame)-.15 E(y@case)-.3 E(.edu)-.15 E F0(.)
+.25 E F1 -.11(BU)72 362.4 S(GS).11 E F0(It')108 374.4 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G
+(oo big and too slo)-2.5 E -.65(w.)-.25 G 1.869
+(There are some subtle dif)108 391.2 R 1.869(ferences between)-.25 F F2
+(bash)4.369 E F0 1.869(and traditional v)4.369 F 1.869(ersions of)-.15 F
+F2(sh)4.368 E F0 4.368(,m)C 1.868(ostly because of the)-4.368 F/F4 9
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(POSIX)108 403.2 Q F0(speci\214cation.)2.25 E
+(Aliases are confusing in some uses.)108 420 Q(Shell b)108 436.8 Q
(uiltin commands and functions are not stoppable/restartable.)-.2 E
1.315(Compound commands and command sequences of the form `a ; b ; c' a\
-re not handled gracefully when)108 237.6 R .389
-(process suspension is attempted.)108 249.6 R .389
-(When a process is stopped, the shell immediately e)5.389 F -.15(xe)-.15
-G .39(cutes the ne).15 F .39(xt com-)-.15 F .193(mand in the sequence.)
-108 261.6 R .192(It suf)5.193 F .192(\214ces to place the sequence of c\
-ommands between parentheses to force it into a)-.25 F
-(subshell, which may be stopped as a unit.)108 273.6 Q(Array v)108 290.4
-Q(ariables may not \(yet\) be e)-.25 E(xported.)-.15 E
-(There may be only one acti)108 307.2 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H
-(oprocess at a time.).15 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2014 February 2)141.79
-E(75)190.95 E 0 Cg EP
+re not handled gracefully when)108 453.6 R .39
+(process suspension is attempted.)108 465.6 R .389
+(When a process is stopped, the shell immediately e)5.39 F -.15(xe)-.15
+G .389(cutes the ne).15 F .389(xt com-)-.15 F .192
+(mand in the sequence.)108 477.6 R .192(It suf)5.192 F .192(\214ces to \
+place the sequence of commands between parentheses to force it into a)
+-.25 F(subshell, which may be stopped as a unit.)108 489.6 Q(Array v)108
+506.4 Q(ariables may not \(yet\) be e)-.25 E(xported.)-.15 E
+(There may be only one acti)108 523.2 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H
+(oprocess at a time.).15 E(GNU Bash 4.3)72 768 Q(2014 August 27)142.895
+E(75)192.055 E 0 Cg EP
%%Trailer
end
%%EOF
@xrdef{Shell Parameters-pg}{18}
@xrdef{Positional Parameters-title}{Positional Parameters}
@xrdef{Positional Parameters-snt}{Section@tie 3.4.1}
-@xrdef{Positional Parameters-pg}{19}
@xrdef{Special Parameters-title}{Special Parameters}
@xrdef{Special Parameters-snt}{Section@tie 3.4.2}
+@xrdef{Positional Parameters-pg}{20}
@xrdef{Special Parameters-pg}{20}
@xrdef{Shell Expansions-title}{Shell Expansions}
@xrdef{Shell Expansions-snt}{Section@tie 3.5}
@xrdef{Shell Parameter Expansion-pg}{23}
@xrdef{Command Substitution-title}{Command Substitution}
@xrdef{Command Substitution-snt}{Section@tie 3.5.4}
+@xrdef{Command Substitution-pg}{28}
@xrdef{Arithmetic Expansion-title}{Arithmetic Expansion}
@xrdef{Arithmetic Expansion-snt}{Section@tie 3.5.5}
-@xrdef{Command Substitution-pg}{28}
@xrdef{Process Substitution-title}{Process Substitution}
@xrdef{Process Substitution-snt}{Section@tie 3.5.6}
@xrdef{Word Splitting-title}{Word Splitting}
@xrdef{Quote Removal-snt}{Section@tie 3.5.9}
@xrdef{Redirections-title}{Redirections}
@xrdef{Redirections-snt}{Section@tie 3.6}
-@xrdef{Quote Removal-pg}{31}
-@xrdef{Redirections-pg}{31}
+@xrdef{Quote Removal-pg}{32}
+@xrdef{Redirections-pg}{32}
@xrdef{Executing Commands-title}{Executing Commands}
@xrdef{Executing Commands-snt}{Section@tie 3.7}
@xrdef{Simple Command Expansion-title}{Simple Command Expansion}
@xrdef{Simple Command Expansion-pg}{35}
@xrdef{Command Search and Execution-title}{Command Search and Execution}
@xrdef{Command Search and Execution-snt}{Section@tie 3.7.2}
+@xrdef{Command Search and Execution-pg}{36}
@xrdef{Command Execution Environment-title}{Command Execution Environment}
@xrdef{Command Execution Environment-snt}{Section@tie 3.7.3}
-@xrdef{Command Search and Execution-pg}{36}
-@xrdef{Command Execution Environment-pg}{36}
+@xrdef{Command Execution Environment-pg}{37}
@xrdef{Environment-title}{Environment}
@xrdef{Environment-snt}{Section@tie 3.7.4}
-@xrdef{Environment-pg}{37}
@xrdef{Exit Status-title}{Exit Status}
@xrdef{Exit Status-snt}{Section@tie 3.7.5}
+@xrdef{Environment-pg}{38}
+@xrdef{Exit Status-pg}{38}
@xrdef{Signals-title}{Signals}
@xrdef{Signals-snt}{Section@tie 3.7.6}
-@xrdef{Exit Status-pg}{38}
-@xrdef{Signals-pg}{38}
@xrdef{Shell Scripts-title}{Shell Scripts}
@xrdef{Shell Scripts-snt}{Section@tie 3.8}
+@xrdef{Signals-pg}{39}
@xrdef{Shell Scripts-pg}{39}
@xrdef{Shell Builtin Commands-title}{Shell Builtin Commands}
@xrdef{Shell Builtin Commands-snt}{Chapter@tie 4}
@xrdef{The Set Builtin-title}{The Set Builtin}
@xrdef{The Set Builtin-snt}{Section@tie 4.3.1}
@xrdef{Modifying Shell Behavior-pg}{58}
-@xrdef{The Set Builtin-pg}{58}
+@xrdef{The Set Builtin-pg}{59}
@xrdef{The Shopt Builtin-title}{The Shopt Builtin}
@xrdef{The Shopt Builtin-snt}{Section@tie 4.3.2}
-@xrdef{The Shopt Builtin-pg}{62}
+@xrdef{The Shopt Builtin-pg}{63}
@xrdef{Special Builtins-title}{Special Builtins}
@xrdef{Special Builtins-snt}{Section@tie 4.4}
@xrdef{Special Builtins-pg}{68}
@xrdef{What is an Interactive Shell?-title}{What is an Interactive Shell?}
@xrdef{What is an Interactive Shell?-snt}{Section@tie 6.3.1}
@xrdef{Interactive Shells-pg}{83}
-@xrdef{What is an Interactive Shell?-pg}{83}
@xrdef{Is this Shell Interactive?-title}{Is this Shell Interactive?}
@xrdef{Is this Shell Interactive?-snt}{Section@tie 6.3.2}
@xrdef{Interactive Shell Behavior-title}{Interactive Shell Behavior}
@xrdef{Interactive Shell Behavior-snt}{Section@tie 6.3.3}
+@xrdef{What is an Interactive Shell?-pg}{84}
@xrdef{Is this Shell Interactive?-pg}{84}
@xrdef{Interactive Shell Behavior-pg}{84}
@xrdef{Bash Conditional Expressions-title}{Bash Conditional Expressions}
@xrdef{Arrays-pg}{89}
@xrdef{The Directory Stack-title}{The Directory Stack}
@xrdef{The Directory Stack-snt}{Section@tie 6.8}
+@xrdef{The Directory Stack-pg}{90}
@xrdef{Directory Stack Builtins-title}{Directory Stack Builtins}
@xrdef{Directory Stack Builtins-snt}{Section@tie 6.8.1}
-@xrdef{The Directory Stack-pg}{90}
-@xrdef{Directory Stack Builtins-pg}{90}
+@xrdef{Directory Stack Builtins-pg}{91}
@xrdef{Controlling the Prompt-title}{Controlling the Prompt}
@xrdef{Controlling the Prompt-snt}{Section@tie 6.9}
@xrdef{Controlling the Prompt-pg}{92}
\entry{shift}{45}{\code {shift}}
\entry{test}{45}{\code {test}}
\entry{[}{45}{\code {[}}
-\entry{times}{46}{\code {times}}
+\entry{times}{47}{\code {times}}
\entry{trap}{47}{\code {trap}}
\entry{umask}{47}{\code {umask}}
\entry{unset}{48}{\code {unset}}
\entry{help}{53}{\code {help}}
\entry{let}{53}{\code {let}}
\entry{local}{53}{\code {local}}
-\entry{logout}{53}{\code {logout}}
+\entry{logout}{54}{\code {logout}}
\entry{mapfile}{54}{\code {mapfile}}
\entry{printf}{54}{\code {printf}}
\entry{read}{55}{\code {read}}
\entry{readarray}{56}{\code {readarray}}
\entry{source}{56}{\code {source}}
-\entry{type}{56}{\code {type}}
+\entry{type}{57}{\code {type}}
\entry{typeset}{57}{\code {typeset}}
\entry{ulimit}{57}{\code {ulimit}}
\entry{unalias}{58}{\code {unalias}}
-\entry{set}{58}{\code {set}}
-\entry{shopt}{62}{\code {shopt}}
-\entry{dirs}{90}{\code {dirs}}
+\entry{set}{59}{\code {set}}
+\entry{shopt}{63}{\code {shopt}}
+\entry{dirs}{91}{\code {dirs}}
\entry{popd}{91}{\code {popd}}
\entry{pushd}{91}{\code {pushd}}
\entry{bg}{98}{\code {bg}}
\entry {\code {continue}}{42}
\initial {D}
\entry {\code {declare}}{50}
-\entry {\code {dirs}}{90}
+\entry {\code {dirs}}{91}
\entry {\code {disown}}{99}
\initial {E}
\entry {\code {echo}}{52}
\initial {L}
\entry {\code {let}}{53}
\entry {\code {local}}{53}
-\entry {\code {logout}}{53}
+\entry {\code {logout}}{54}
\initial {M}
\entry {\code {mapfile}}{54}
\initial {P}
\entry {\code {readonly}}{44}
\entry {\code {return}}{45}
\initial {S}
-\entry {\code {set}}{58}
+\entry {\code {set}}{59}
\entry {\code {shift}}{45}
-\entry {\code {shopt}}{62}
+\entry {\code {shopt}}{63}
\entry {\code {source}}{56}
\entry {\code {suspend}}{99}
\initial {T}
\entry {\code {test}}{45}
-\entry {\code {times}}{46}
+\entry {\code {times}}{47}
\entry {\code {trap}}{47}
-\entry {\code {type}}{56}
+\entry {\code {type}}{57}
\entry {\code {typeset}}{57}
\initial {U}
\entry {\code {ulimit}}{57}
\entry{parameters}{18}{parameters}
\entry{variable, shell}{18}{variable, shell}
\entry{shell variable}{18}{shell variable}
-\entry{parameters, positional}{19}{parameters, positional}
+\entry{parameters, positional}{20}{parameters, positional}
\entry{parameters, special}{20}{parameters, special}
\entry{expansion}{21}{expansion}
\entry{brace expansion}{21}{brace expansion}
\entry{pathname expansion}{30}{pathname expansion}
\entry{pattern matching}{30}{pattern matching}
\entry{matching, pattern}{30}{matching, pattern}
-\entry{redirection}{31}{redirection}
+\entry{redirection}{32}{redirection}
\entry{command expansion}{35}{command expansion}
\entry{command execution}{36}{command execution}
\entry{command search}{36}{command search}
-\entry{execution environment}{36}{execution environment}
-\entry{environment}{37}{environment}
+\entry{execution environment}{37}{execution environment}
+\entry{environment}{38}{environment}
\entry{exit status}{38}{exit status}
-\entry{signal handling}{38}{signal handling}
+\entry{signal handling}{39}{signal handling}
\entry{shell script}{39}{shell script}
\entry{special builtin}{68}{special builtin}
-\entry{login shell}{81}{login shell}
-\entry{interactive shell}{81}{interactive shell}
+\entry{login shell}{82}{login shell}
+\entry{interactive shell}{82}{interactive shell}
\entry{startup files}{82}{startup files}
\entry{interactive shell}{83}{interactive shell}
\entry{shell, interactive}{83}{shell, interactive}
\entry {directory stack}{90}
\initial {E}
\entry {editing command lines}{102}
-\entry {environment}{37}
+\entry {environment}{38}
\entry {evaluation, arithmetic}{87}
\entry {event designators}{135}
-\entry {execution environment}{36}
+\entry {execution environment}{37}
\entry {exit status}{3, 38}
\entry {expansion}{21}
\entry {expansion, arithmetic}{29}
\entry {initialization file, readline}{104}
\entry {installation}{138}
\entry {interaction, readline}{101}
-\entry {interactive shell}{81, 83}
+\entry {interactive shell}{82, 83}
\entry {internationalization}{7}
\initial {J}
\entry {job}{3}
\entry {killing text}{103}
\initial {L}
\entry {localization}{7}
-\entry {login shell}{81}
+\entry {login shell}{82}
\initial {M}
\entry {matching, pattern}{30}
\entry {metacharacter}{3}
\initial {P}
\entry {parameter expansion}{23}
\entry {parameters}{18}
-\entry {parameters, positional}{19}
+\entry {parameters, positional}{20}
\entry {parameters, special}{20}
\entry {pathname expansion}{30}
\entry {pattern matching}{30}
\entry {quoting, ANSI}{6}
\initial {R}
\entry {Readline, how to use}{100}
-\entry {redirection}{31}
+\entry {redirection}{32}
\entry {reserved word}{3}
\entry {restricted shell}{93}
\entry {return status}{4}
\entry {shell variable}{18}
\entry {shell, interactive}{83}
\entry {signal}{4}
-\entry {signal handling}{38}
+\entry {signal handling}{39}
\entry {special builtin}{4, 68}
\entry {startup files}{82}
\entry {suspending jobs}{97}
<HTML>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
-<!-- Created on February, 24 2014 by texi2html 1.64 -->
+<!-- Created on September, 15 2014 by texi2html 1.64 -->
<!--
Written by: Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author)
Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>
<H1>Bash Reference Manual</H1></P><P>
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 4.3, 2 February 2014).
+the Bash shell (version 4.3, 6 September 2014).
The Bash home page is <A HREF="http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/">http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/</A>.
</P><P>
-This is Edition 4.3, last updated 2 February 2014,
+This is Edition 4.3, last updated 6 September 2014,
of <CITE>The GNU Bash Reference Manual</CITE>,
for <CODE>Bash</CODE>, Version 4.3.
</P><P>
<!--docid::SEC17::-->
<P>
-A <CODE>pipeline</CODE> is a sequence of simple commands separated by one of
-the control operators <SAMP>`|'</SAMP> or <SAMP>`|&'</SAMP>.
+A <CODE>pipeline</CODE> is a sequence of one or more commands separated by
+one of the control operators <SAMP>`|'</SAMP> or <SAMP>`|&'</SAMP>.
</P><P>
<A NAME="IDX24"></A>
An additional binary operator, <SAMP>`=~'</SAMP>, is available, with the same
precedence as <SAMP>`=='</SAMP> and <SAMP>`!='</SAMP>.
When it is used, the string to the right of the operator is considered
-an extended regular expression and matched accordingly (as in <I>regex</I>3)).
+an extended regular expression and matched accordingly (as in <I>regex</I>3)).
The return value is 0 if the string matches
the pattern, and 1 otherwise.
If the regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional
The <VAR>body</VAR> of the function is the compound command
<VAR>compound-command</VAR> (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC19">3.2.4 Compound Commands</A>).
That command is usually a <VAR>list</VAR> enclosed between { and }, but
-may be any compound command listed above.
+may be any compound command listed above,
+with one exception: If the <CODE>function</CODE> reserved word is used, but the
+parentheses are not supplied, the braces are required.
<VAR>compound-command</VAR> is executed whenever <VAR>name</VAR> is specified as the
name of a command.
When the shell is in POSIX mode (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC91">6.11 Bash POSIX Mode</A>),
Assignment statements may also appear as arguments to the
<CODE>alias</CODE>,
<CODE>declare</CODE>, <CODE>typeset</CODE>, <CODE>export</CODE>, <CODE>readonly</CODE>,
-and <CODE>local</CODE> builtin commands.
+and <CODE>local</CODE> builtin commands (<VAR>declaration</VAR> commands).
When in POSIX mode (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC91">6.11 Bash POSIX Mode</A>), these builtins may appear
in a command after one or more instances of the <CODE>command</CODE> builtin
and retain these assignment statement properties.
to a shell variable or array index (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC86">6.7 Arrays</A>), the <SAMP>`+='</SAMP>
operator can be used to
append to or add to the variable's previous value.
+This includes arguments to builtin commands such as <CODE>declare</CODE> that
+accept assignment statements (<VAR>declaration</VAR> commands).
When <SAMP>`+='</SAMP> is applied to a variable for which the <VAR>integer</VAR> attribute
has been set, <VAR>value</VAR> is evaluated as an arithmetic expression and
added to the variable's current value, which is also evaluated.
(see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC61">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A>)
to create a <VAR>nameref</VAR>, or a reference to another variable.
This allows variables to be manipulated indirectly.
-Whenever the nameref variable is referenced or assigned to, the operation
-is actually performed on the variable specified by the nameref variable's
-value.
+Whenever the nameref variable is referenced, assigned to, unset, or has
+its attributes modified (other than the nameref attribute itself), the
+operation is actually performed on the variable specified by the nameref
+variable's value.
A nameref is commonly used within shell functions to refer to a variable
whose name is passed as an argument to the function.
For instance, if a variable name is passed to a shell function as its first
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>declare -n ref=$1
</pre></td></tr></table>inside the function creates a nameref variable <VAR>ref</VAR> whose value is
the variable name passed as the first argument.
-References and assignments to <VAR>ref</VAR> are treated as references and
-assignments to the variable whose name was passed as <CODE>$1</CODE>.
+References and assignments to <VAR>ref</VAR>, and changes to its attributes,
+are treated as references, assignments, and attribute modifications
+to the variable whose name was passed as <CODE>$1</CODE>.
</P><P>
If the control variable in a <CODE>for</CODE> loop has the nameref attribute,
the list of words can be a list of shell variables, and a name reference
will be established for each word in the list, in turn, when the loop is
executed.
-Array variables cannot be given the <SAMP>`-n'</SAMP> attribute.
+Array variables cannot be given the nameref attribute.
However, nameref variables can reference array variables and subscripted
array variables.
Namerefs can be unset using the <SAMP>`-n'</SAMP> option to the <CODE>unset</CODE> builtin
In contexts where it is performed, those words
are subject to further word splitting and pathname expansion.
When the expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a single word
-with the value of each parameter separated by the first character
-of the <CODE>IFS</CODE>
-special variable. That is, <CODE>"$*"</CODE> is equivalent
+with the value of each parameter separated by the first character of the
+<CODE>IFS</CODE> special variable. That is, <CODE>"$*"</CODE> is equivalent
to <CODE>"$1<VAR>c</VAR>$2<VAR>c</VAR><small>...</small>"</CODE>, where <VAR>c</VAR>
is the first character of the value of the <CODE>IFS</CODE>
variable.
<P>
A command invoked in this separate environment cannot affect the
-shell's execution environment.
+shell's execution environment.
</P><P>
Command substitution, commands grouped with parentheses,
All of the Bash builtins return an exit status of zero if they succeed
and a non-zero status on failure, so they may be used by the
conditional and list constructs.
-All builtins return an exit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage.
+All builtins return an exit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage,
+generally invalid options or missing arguments.
</P><P>
<A NAME="Signals"></A>
If Bash is waiting for a command to complete and receives a signal
for which a trap has been set, the trap will not be executed until
-the command completes.
+the command completes.
When Bash is waiting for an asynchronous
command via the <CODE>wait</CODE> builtin, the reception of a signal for
which a trap has been set will cause the <CODE>wait</CODE> builtin to return
to or have been extended in Bash.
</P><P>
-Several builtin commands are described in other chapters: builtin
+Several builtin commands are described in other chapters: builtin
commands which provide the Bash interface to the job control
facilities (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC94">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A>), the directory stack
(see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC88">6.8.1 Directory Stack Builtins</A>), the command history
to its caller.
If <VAR>n</VAR> is not supplied, the return value is the exit status of the
last command executed in the function.
+If <CODE>return</CODE> is executed by a trap handler, the last command used to
+determine the status is the last command executed before the trap handler.
+if <CODE>return</CODE> is executed during a <CODE>DEBUG</CODE> trap, the last command
+used to determine the status is the last command executed by the trap
+handler before <CODE>return</CODE> was invoked.
<CODE>return</CODE> may also be used to terminate execution of a script
being executed with the <CODE>.</CODE> (<CODE>source</CODE>) builtin,
returning either <VAR>n</VAR> or
<DT>4 arguments
<DD>If the first argument is <SAMP>`!'</SAMP>, the result is the negation of
the three-argument expression composed of the remaining arguments.
-Otherwise, the expression is parsed and evaluated according to
+Otherwise, the expression is parsed and evaluated according to
precedence using the rules listed above.
<P>
If a <VAR>sigspec</VAR> is <CODE>ERR</CODE>, the command <VAR>arg</VAR>
is executed whenever
a pipeline (which may consist of a single simple
-command), a list, or a compound command returns a
+command), a list, or a compound command returns a
non-zero exit status,
subject to the following conditions.
The <CODE>ERR</CODE> trap is not executed if the failed command is part of the
bind [-m <VAR>keymap</VAR>] -f <VAR>filename</VAR>
bind [-m <VAR>keymap</VAR>] -x <VAR>keyseq:shell-command</VAR>
bind [-m <VAR>keymap</VAR>] <VAR>keyseq:function-name</VAR>
-bind <VAR>readline-command</VAR>
+bind [-m <VAR>keymap</VAR>] <VAR>keyseq:readline-command</VAR>
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
Display current Readline (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC96">8. Command Line Editing</A>)
Without <VAR>expr</VAR>, <CODE>caller</CODE> displays the line number and source
filename of the current subroutine call.
-If a non-negative integer is supplied as <VAR>expr</VAR>, <CODE>caller</CODE>
+If a non-negative integer is supplied as <VAR>expr</VAR>, <CODE>caller</CODE>
displays the line number, subroutine name, and source file corresponding
to that position in the current execution call stack. This extra
information may be used, for example, to print a stack trace. The
<DD>Give each <VAR>name</VAR> the <VAR>nameref</VAR> attribute, making
it a name reference to another variable.
That other variable is defined by the value of <VAR>name</VAR>.
-All references and assignments to <VAR>name</VAR>, except for changing the
+All references, assignments, and attribute modifications
+to <VAR>name</VAR>, except for changing the
<SAMP>`-n'</SAMP> attribute itself, are performed on the variable referenced by
<VAR>name</VAR>'s value.
-The <SAMP>`-n'</SAMP> attribute cannot be applied to array variables.
+The nameref attribute cannot be applied to array variables.
<P>
<DT><CODE>-r</CODE>
<DT><CODE>mapfile</CODE>
<DD><A NAME="IDX110"></A>
-<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>mapfile [-n <VAR>count</VAR>] [-O <VAR>origin</VAR>] [-s <VAR>count</VAR>] [-t] [-u <VAR>fd</VAR>]
+<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>mapfile [-d <VAR>delim</VAR>] [-n <VAR>count</VAR>] [-O <VAR>origin</VAR>] [-s <VAR>count</VAR>] [-t] [-u <VAR>fd</VAR>]
[-C <VAR>callback</VAR>] [-c <VAR>quantum</VAR>] [<VAR>array</VAR>]
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
<DL COMPACT>
+<DT><CODE>-d</CODE>
+<DD>The first character of <VAR>delim</VAR> is used to terminate each input line,
+rather than newline.
<DT><CODE>-n</CODE>
<DD>Copy at most <VAR>count</VAR> lines. If <VAR>count</VAR> is 0, all lines are copied.
<DT><CODE>-O</CODE>
</DL>
<P>
-If <SAMP>`-C'</SAMP> is specified without <SAMP>`-c'</SAMP>,
+If <SAMP>`-C'</SAMP> is specified without <SAMP>`-c'</SAMP>,
the default quantum is 5000.
When <VAR>callback</VAR> is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next
array element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that element
as additional arguments.
-<VAR>callback</VAR> is evaluated after the line is read but before the
+<VAR>callback</VAR> is evaluated after the line is read but before the
array element is assigned.
</P><P>
<DT><CODE>readarray</CODE>
<DD><A NAME="IDX113"></A>
-<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>readarray [-n <VAR>count</VAR>] [-O <VAR>origin</VAR>] [-s <VAR>count</VAR>] [-t] [-u <VAR>fd</VAR>]
+<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>readarray [-d <VAR>delim</VAR>] [-n <VAR>count</VAR>] [-O <VAR>origin</VAR>] [-s <VAR>count</VAR>] [-t] [-u <VAR>fd</VAR>]
[-C <VAR>callback</VAR>] [-c <VAR>quantum</VAR>] [<VAR>array</VAR>]
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
<P>
<DT><CODE>-n</CODE>
-<DD>Read commands but do not execute them; this may be used to check a
-script for syntax errors.
+<DD>Read commands but do not execute them.
+This may be used to check a script for syntax errors.
This option is ignored by interactive shells.
<P>
<LI>
If the command run by the <CODE>DEBUG</CODE> trap returns a value of 2, and the
shell is executing in a subroutine (a shell function or a shell script
-executed by the <CODE>.</CODE> or <CODE>source</CODE> builtins), a call to
-<CODE>return</CODE> is simulated.
+executed by the <CODE>.</CODE> or <CODE>source</CODE> builtins), the shell simulates
+a call to <CODE>return</CODE>.
<P>
<LI>
<P>
<LI>
-Function tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
+Function tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
subshells invoked with <CODE>( <VAR>command</VAR> )</CODE> inherit the
<CODE>DEBUG</CODE> and <CODE>RETURN</CODE> traps.
<P>
<LI>
-Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
+Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
subshells invoked with <CODE>( <VAR>command</VAR> )</CODE> inherit the
<CODE>ERR</CODE> trap.
</OL>
<P>
<DT><CODE>mailwarn</CODE>
-<DD>If set, and a file that Bash is checking for mail has been
+<DD>If set, and a file that Bash is checking for mail has been
accessed since the last time it was checked, the message
<CODE>"The mail in <VAR>mailfile</VAR> has been read"</CODE> is displayed.
<P>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><CODE>-c</CODE>
-<DD>Read and execute commands from the first non-option <VAR>argument</VAR>
-after processing the options, then exit.
-Any remaining arguments are assigned to the
-positional parameters, starting with <CODE>$0</CODE>.
+<DD>Read and execute commands from the first non-option argument
+<VAR>command_string</VAR>, then exit.
+If there are arguments after the <VAR>command_string</VAR>,
+the first argument is assigned to <CODE>$0</CODE>
+and any remaining arguments are assigned to the positional parameters.
+The assignment to <CODE>$0</CODE> sets the name of the shell, which is used
+in warning and error messages.
<P>
<DT><CODE>-i</CODE>
This behavior is also an issue when functions are executed.
Aliases are expanded when a function definition is read,
not when the function is executed, because a function definition
-is itself a compound command. As a consequence, aliases
+is itself a command. As a consequence, aliases
defined in a function are not available until after that
function is executed. To be safe, always put
alias definitions on a separate line, and do not use <CODE>alias</CODE>
referencing with a subscript of 0.
If the <VAR>subscript</VAR>
used to reference an element of an indexed array
-evaluates to a number less than zero, it is
+evaluates to a number less than zero, it is
interpreted as relative to one greater than the maximum index of the array,
so negative indices count back from the end of the array,
and an index of -1 refers to the last element.
during command lookup.
<P>
+<LI>
+Literal tildes that appear as the first character in elements of
+the <CODE>PATH</CODE> variable are not expanded as described above
+under <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC31">3.5.2 Tilde Expansion</A>.
+<P>
+
<LI>
The <CODE>time</CODE> reserved word may be used by itself as a command. When
used in this way, it displays timing statistics for the shell and its
<DT><CODE>bind-tty-special-chars</CODE>
<DD><A NAME="IDX333"></A>
-If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline attempts to bind the control characters
-treated specially by the kernel's terminal driver to their Readline
-equivalents.
+If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> (the default), Readline attempts to bind the control
+characters treated specially by the kernel's terminal driver to their
+Readline equivalents.
<P>
-<DT><CODE>colored-stats</CODE>
+<DT><CODE>blink-matching-paren</CODE>
<DD><A NAME="IDX334"></A>
+If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline attempts to briefly move the cursor to an
+opening parenthesis when a closing parenthsis is inserted. The default
+is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
+<P>
+
+<DT><CODE>colored-stats</CODE>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX335"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline displays possible completions using different
colors to indicate their file type.
The color definitions are taken from the value of the <CODE>LS_COLORS</CODE>
<P>
<DT><CODE>comment-begin</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX335"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX336"></A>
The string to insert at the beginning of the line when the
<CODE>insert-comment</CODE> command is executed. The default value
is <CODE>"#"</CODE>.
<P>
<DT><CODE>completion-display-width</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX336"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX337"></A>
The number of screen columns used to display possible matches
when performing completion.
The value is ignored if it is less than 0 or greater than the terminal
<P>
<DT><CODE>completion-ignore-case</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX337"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX338"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline performs filename matching and completion
in a case-insensitive fashion.
The default value is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
<P>
<DT><CODE>completion-map-case</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX338"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX339"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, and <VAR>completion-ignore-case</VAR> is enabled, Readline
treats hyphens (<SAMP>`-'</SAMP>) and underscores (<SAMP>`_'</SAMP>) as equivalent when
performing case-insensitive filename matching and completion.
<P>
<DT><CODE>completion-prefix-display-length</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX339"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX340"></A>
The length in characters of the common prefix of a list of possible
completions that is displayed without modification. When set to a
value greater than zero, common prefixes longer than this value are
<P>
<DT><CODE>completion-query-items</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX340"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX341"></A>
The number of possible completions that determines when the user is
asked whether the list of possibilities should be displayed.
If the number of possible completions is greater than this value,
<P>
<DT><CODE>convert-meta</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX341"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX342"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will convert characters with the
eighth bit set to an ASCII key sequence by stripping the eighth
bit and prefixing an <KBD>ESC</KBD> character, converting them to a
<P>
<DT><CODE>disable-completion</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX342"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX343"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`On'</SAMP>, Readline will inhibit word completion.
Completion characters will be inserted into the line as if they had
been mapped to <CODE>self-insert</CODE>. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
<P>
<DT><CODE>editing-mode</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX343"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX344"></A>
The <CODE>editing-mode</CODE> variable controls which default set of
key bindings is used. By default, Readline starts up in Emacs editing
mode, where the keystrokes are most similar to Emacs. This variable can be
<P>
<DT><CODE>enable-keypad</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX344"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX345"></A>
When set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will try to enable the application
keypad when it is called. Some systems need this to enable the
arrow keys. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
<P>
<DT><CODE>expand-tilde</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX345"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX346"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, tilde expansion is performed when Readline
attempts word completion. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
<P>
<DT><CODE>history-preserve-point</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX346"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX347"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, the history code attempts to place the point (the
current cursor position) at the
same location on each history line retrieved with <CODE>previous-history</CODE>
<P>
<DT><CODE>history-size</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX347"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX348"></A>
Set the maximum number of history entries saved in the history list.
If set to zero, any existing history entries are deleted and no new entries
are saved.
<P>
<DT><CODE>horizontal-scroll-mode</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX348"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX349"></A>
This variable can be set to either <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> or <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. Setting it
to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> means that the text of the lines being edited will scroll
horizontally on a single screen line when they are longer than the width
<P>
<DT><CODE>input-meta</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX349"></A>
-<A NAME="IDX350"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX350"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX351"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will enable eight-bit input (it
will not clear the eighth bit in the characters it reads),
regardless of what the terminal claims it can support. The
<P>
<DT><CODE>isearch-terminators</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX351"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX352"></A>
The string of characters that should terminate an incremental search without
subsequently executing the character as a command (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC103">8.2.5 Searching for Commands in the History</A>).
If this variable has not been given a value, the characters <KBD>ESC</KBD> and
<P>
<DT><CODE>keymap</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX352"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX353"></A>
Sets Readline's idea of the current keymap for key binding commands.
Acceptable <CODE>keymap</CODE> names are
<CODE>emacs</CODE>,
<P>
<DT><CODE>mark-modified-lines</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX353"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX354"></A>
This variable, when set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, causes Readline to display an
asterisk (<SAMP>`*'</SAMP>) at the start of history lines which have been modified.
This variable is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP> by default.
<P>
<DT><CODE>mark-symlinked-directories</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX354"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX355"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, completed names which are symbolic links
to directories have a slash appended (subject to the value of
<CODE>mark-directories</CODE>).
<P>
<DT><CODE>match-hidden-files</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX355"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX356"></A>
This variable, when set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, causes Readline to match files whose
names begin with a <SAMP>`.'</SAMP> (hidden files) when performing filename
completion.
<P>
<DT><CODE>menu-complete-display-prefix</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX356"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX357"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, menu completion displays the common prefix of the
list of possible completions (which may be empty) before cycling through
the list. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
<P>
<DT><CODE>output-meta</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX357"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX358"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will display characters with the
eighth bit set directly rather than as a meta-prefixed escape
sequence. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
<P>
<DT><CODE>page-completions</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX358"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX359"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline uses an internal <CODE>more</CODE>-like pager
to display a screenful of possible completions at a time.
This variable is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> by default.
<P>
<DT><CODE>revert-all-at-newline</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX359"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX360"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will undo all changes to history lines
before returning when <CODE>accept-line</CODE> is executed. By default,
history lines may be modified and retain individual undo lists across
<P>
<DT><CODE>show-all-if-ambiguous</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX360"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX361"></A>
This alters the default behavior of the completion functions. If
set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>,
words which have more than one possible completion cause the
<P>
<DT><CODE>show-all-if-unmodified</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX361"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX362"></A>
This alters the default behavior of the completion functions in
a fashion similar to <VAR>show-all-if-ambiguous</VAR>.
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>,
<P>
<DT><CODE>show-mode-in-prompt</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX362"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX363"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, add a character to the beginning of the prompt
indicating the editing mode: emacs (<SAMP>`@'</SAMP>), vi command (<SAMP>`:'</SAMP>),
or vi insertion (<SAMP>`+'</SAMP>).
<P>
<DT><CODE>skip-completed-text</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX363"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX364"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, this alters the default completion behavior when
inserting a single match into the line. It's only active when
performing completion in the middle of a word. If enabled, readline
<P>
<DT><CODE>visible-stats</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX364"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX365"></A>
If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, a character denoting a file's type
is appended to the filename when listing possible
completions. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>.
<H3> 8.4.1 Commands For Moving </H3>
<!--docid::SEC109::-->
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX365"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX366"></A>
<DT><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX366"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX367"></A>
Move to the start of the current line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX367"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX368"></A>
<DT><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX368"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX369"></A>
Move to the end of the line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX369"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX370"></A>
<DT><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX370"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX371"></A>
Move forward a character.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX371"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX372"></A>
<DT><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX372"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX373"></A>
Move back a character.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX373"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX374"></A>
<DT><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX374"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX375"></A>
Move forward to the end of the next word.
Words are composed of letters and digits.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX375"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX376"></A>
<DT><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX376"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX377"></A>
Move back to the start of the current or previous word.
Words are composed of letters and digits.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX377"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX378"></A>
<DT><CODE>shell-forward-word ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX378"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX379"></A>
Move forward to the end of the next word.
Words are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharacters.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX379"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX380"></A>
<DT><CODE>shell-backward-word ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX380"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX381"></A>
Move back to the start of the current or previous word.
Words are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharacters.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX381"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX382"></A>
<DT><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX382"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX383"></A>
Clear the screen and redraw the current line,
leaving the current line at the top of the screen.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX383"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX384"></A>
<DT><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX384"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX385"></A>
Refresh the current line. By default, this is unbound.
<P>
<P>
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX385"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX386"></A>
<DT><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX386"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX387"></A>
Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is.
If this line is
non-empty, add it to the history list according to the setting of
to its original state.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX387"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX388"></A>
<DT><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX388"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX389"></A>
Move `back' through the history list, fetching the previous command.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX389"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX390"></A>
<DT><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX390"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX391"></A>
Move `forward' through the history list, fetching the next command.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX391"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX392"></A>
<DT><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-<)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX392"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX393"></A>
Move to the first line in the history.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX393"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX394"></A>
<DT><CODE>end-of-history (M->)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX394"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX395"></A>
Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently
being entered.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX395"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX396"></A>
<DT><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX396"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX397"></A>
Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up' through
the history as necessary. This is an incremental search.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX397"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX398"></A>
<DT><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX398"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX399"></A>
Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down' through
-the the history as necessary. This is an incremental search.
+the history as necessary. This is an incremental search.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX399"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX400"></A>
<DT><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX400"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX401"></A>
Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up'
through the history as necessary using a non-incremental search
for a string supplied by the user.
+The search string may match anywhere in a history line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX401"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX402"></A>
<DT><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX402"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX403"></A>
Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down'
-through the the history as necessary using a non-incremental search
+through the history as necessary using a non-incremental search
for a string supplied by the user.
+The search string may match anywhere in a history line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX403"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX404"></A>
<DT><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX404"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX405"></A>
Search forward through the history for the string of characters
between the start of the current line and the point.
The search string must match at the beginning of a history line.
By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX405"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX406"></A>
<DT><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX406"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX407"></A>
Search backward through the history for the string of characters
between the start of the current line and the point.
The search string must match at the beginning of a history line.
By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX407"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX408"></A>
<DT><CODE>history-substr-search-forward ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX408"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX409"></A>
Search forward through the history for the string of characters
between the start of the current line and the point.
The search string may match anywhere in a history line.
By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX409"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX410"></A>
<DT><CODE>history-substr-search-backward ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX410"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX411"></A>
Search backward through the history for the string of characters
between the start of the current line and the point.
The search string may match anywhere in a history line.
By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX411"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX412"></A>
<DT><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX412"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX413"></A>
Insert the first argument to the previous command (usually
the second word on the previous line) at point.
With an argument <VAR>n</VAR>,
as if the <SAMP>`!<VAR>n</VAR>'</SAMP> history expansion had been specified.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX413"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX414"></A>
<DT><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX414"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX415"></A>
Insert last argument to the previous command (the last word of the
previous history entry).
With a numeric argument, behave exactly like <CODE>yank-nth-arg</CODE>.
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX415"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX416"></A>
<DT><CODE><I>end-of-file</I> (usually C-d)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX416"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX417"></A>
The character indicating end-of-file as set, for example, by
<CODE>stty</CODE>. If this character is read when there are no characters
on the line, and point is at the beginning of the line, Readline
interprets it as the end of input and returns EOF.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX417"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX418"></A>
<DT><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX418"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX419"></A>
Delete the character at point. If this function is bound to the
same character as the tty EOF character, as <KBD>C-d</KBD>
commonly is, see above for the effects.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX419"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX420"></A>
<DT><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX420"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX421"></A>
Delete the character behind the cursor. A numeric argument means
to kill the characters instead of deleting them.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX421"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX422"></A>
<DT><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX422"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX423"></A>
Delete the character under the cursor, unless the cursor is at the
end of the line, in which case the character behind the cursor is
deleted. By default, this is not bound to a key.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX423"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX424"></A>
<DT><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX424"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX425"></A>
Add the next character typed to the line verbatim. This is
how to insert key sequences like <KBD>C-q</KBD>, for example.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX425"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX426"></A>
<DT><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX426"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX427"></A>
Insert yourself.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX427"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX428"></A>
<DT><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX428"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX429"></A>
Drag the character before the cursor forward over
the character at the cursor, moving the
cursor forward as well. If the insertion point
Negative arguments have no effect.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX429"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX430"></A>
<DT><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX430"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX431"></A>
Drag the word before point past the word after point,
moving point past that word as well.
If the insertion point is at the end of the line, this transposes
the last two words on the line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX431"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX432"></A>
<DT><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX432"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX433"></A>
Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument,
uppercase the previous word, but do not move the cursor.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX433"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX434"></A>
<DT><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX434"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX435"></A>
Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument,
lowercase the previous word, but do not move the cursor.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX435"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX436"></A>
<DT><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX436"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX437"></A>
Capitalize the current (or following) word. With a negative argument,
capitalize the previous word, but do not move the cursor.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX437"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX438"></A>
<DT><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX438"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX439"></A>
Toggle overwrite mode. With an explicit positive numeric argument,
switches to overwrite mode. With an explicit non-positive numeric
argument, switches to insert mode. This command affects only
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX439"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX440"></A>
<DT><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX440"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX441"></A>
Kill the text from point to the end of the line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX441"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX442"></A>
<DT><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX442"></A>
-Kill backward to the beginning of the line.
+<DD><A NAME="IDX443"></A>
+Kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of the current line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX443"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX444"></A>
<DT><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX444"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX445"></A>
Kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of the current line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX445"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX446"></A>
<DT><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX446"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX447"></A>
Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.
By default, this is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX447"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX448"></A>
<DT><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX448"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX449"></A>
Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
words, to the end of the next word.
Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>forward-word</CODE>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX449"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX450"></A>
<DT><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX450"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX451"></A>
Kill the word behind point.
Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>backward-word</CODE>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX451"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX452"></A>
<DT><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX452"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX453"></A>
Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between
words, to the end of the next word.
Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>shell-forward-word</CODE>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX453"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX454"></A>
<DT><CODE>shell-backward-kill-word ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX454"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX455"></A>
Kill the word behind point.
Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>shell-backward-word</CODE>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX455"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX456"></A>
<DT><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX456"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX457"></A>
Kill the word behind point, using white space as a word boundary.
The killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX457"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX458"></A>
<DT><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX458"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX459"></A>
Kill the word behind point, using white space and the slash character
as the word boundaries.
The killed text is saved on the kill-ring.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX459"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX460"></A>
<DT><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX460"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX461"></A>
Delete all spaces and tabs around point. By default, this is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX461"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX462"></A>
<DT><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX462"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX463"></A>
Kill the text in the current region.
By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX463"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX464"></A>
<DT><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX464"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX465"></A>
Copy the text in the region to the kill buffer, so it can be yanked
right away. By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX465"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX466"></A>
<DT><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX466"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX467"></A>
Copy the word before point to the kill buffer.
The word boundaries are the same as <CODE>backward-word</CODE>.
By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX467"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX468"></A>
<DT><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX468"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX469"></A>
Copy the word following point to the kill buffer.
The word boundaries are the same as <CODE>forward-word</CODE>.
By default, this command is unbound.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX469"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX470"></A>
<DT><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX470"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX471"></A>
Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at point.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX471"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX472"></A>
<DT><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX472"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX473"></A>
Rotate the kill-ring, and yank the new top. You can only do this if
the prior command is <CODE>yank</CODE> or <CODE>yank-pop</CODE>.
</DL>
<!--docid::SEC113::-->
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX473"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX474"></A>
<DT><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX474"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX475"></A>
Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a new
argument. <KBD>M--</KBD> starts a negative argument.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX475"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX476"></A>
<DT><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX476"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX477"></A>
This is another way to specify an argument.
If this command is followed by one or more digits, optionally with a
leading minus sign, those digits define the argument.
<P>
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX477"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX478"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX478"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX479"></A>
Attempt to perform completion on the text before point.
The actual completion performed is application-specific.
Bash attempts completion treating the text as a variable (if the
of these produces a match, filename completion is attempted.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX479"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX480"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX480"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX481"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point.
When displaying completions, Readline sets the number of columns used
for display to the value of <CODE>completion-display-width</CODE>, the value of
the environment variable <CODE>COLUMNS</CODE>, or the screen width, in that order.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX481"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX482"></A>
<DT><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX482"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX483"></A>
Insert all completions of the text before point that would have
been generated by <CODE>possible-completions</CODE>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX483"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX484"></A>
<DT><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX484"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX485"></A>
Similar to <CODE>complete</CODE>, but replaces the word to be completed
with a single match from the list of possible completions.
Repeated execution of <CODE>menu-complete</CODE> steps through the list
by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX485"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX486"></A>
<DT><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX486"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX487"></A>
Identical to <CODE>menu-complete</CODE>, but moves backward through the list
of possible completions, as if <CODE>menu-complete</CODE> had been given a
negative argument.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX487"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX488"></A>
<DT><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX488"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX489"></A>
Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning or
end of the line (like <CODE>delete-char</CODE>).
If at the end of the line, behaves identically to
This command is unbound by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX489"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX490"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX490"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX491"></A>
Attempt filename completion on the text before point.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX491"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX492"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX492"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX493"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a filename.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX493"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX494"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX494"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX495"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
it as a username.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX495"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX496"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX496"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX497"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a username.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX497"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX498"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX498"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX499"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
it as a shell variable.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX499"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX500"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX500"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX501"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a shell variable.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX501"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX502"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX502"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX503"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
it as a hostname.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX503"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX504"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX504"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX505"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a hostname.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX505"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX506"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX506"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX507"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, treating
it as a command name. Command completion attempts to
match the text against aliases, reserved words, shell
in that order.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX507"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX508"></A>
<DT><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX508"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX509"></A>
List the possible completions of the text before point,
treating it as a command name.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX509"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX510"></A>
<DT><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX510"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX511"></A>
Attempt completion on the text before point, comparing
the text against lines from the history list for possible
completion matches.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX511"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX512"></A>
<DT><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX512"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX513"></A>
Attempt menu completion on the text before point, comparing
the text against lines from the history list for possible
completion matches.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX513"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX514"></A>
<DT><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX514"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX515"></A>
Perform filename completion and insert the list of possible completions
enclosed within braces so the list is available to the shell
(see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC30">3.5.1 Brace Expansion</A>).
<!--docid::SEC115::-->
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX515"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX516"></A>
<DT><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX516"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX517"></A>
Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX517"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX518"></A>
<DT><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX518"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX519"></A>
Stop saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro
and save the definition.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX519"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX520"></A>
<DT><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX520"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX521"></A>
Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the characters
in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX521"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX522"></A>
<DT><CODE>print-last-kbd-macro ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX522"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX523"></A>
Print the last keboard macro defined in a format suitable for the
<VAR>inputrc</VAR> file.
<P>
<!--docid::SEC116::-->
<DL COMPACT>
-<A NAME="IDX523"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX524"></A>
<DT><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX524"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX525"></A>
Read in the contents of the <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file, and incorporate
any bindings or variable assignments found there.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX525"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX526"></A>
<DT><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX526"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX527"></A>
Abort the current editing command and
ring the terminal's bell (subject to the setting of
<CODE>bell-style</CODE>).
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX527"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX528"></A>
<DT><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX528"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX529"></A>
If the metafied character <VAR>x</VAR> is lowercase, run the command
that is bound to the corresponding uppercase character.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX529"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX530"></A>
<DT><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX530"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX531"></A>
Metafy the next character typed. This is for keyboards
without a meta key. Typing <SAMP>`<KBD>ESC</KBD> f'</SAMP> is equivalent to typing
<KBD>M-f</KBD>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX531"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX532"></A>
<DT><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX532"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX533"></A>
Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX533"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX534"></A>
<DT><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX534"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX535"></A>
Undo all changes made to this line. This is like executing the <CODE>undo</CODE>
command enough times to get back to the beginning.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX535"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX536"></A>
<DT><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX536"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX537"></A>
Perform tilde expansion on the current word.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX537"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX538"></A>
<DT><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX538"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX539"></A>
Set the mark to the point. If a
numeric argument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX539"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX540"></A>
<DT><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX540"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX541"></A>
Swap the point with the mark. The current cursor position is set to
the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved as the mark.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX541"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX542"></A>
<DT><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX542"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX543"></A>
A character is read and point is moved to the next occurrence of that
character. A negative count searches for previous occurrences.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX543"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX544"></A>
<DT><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX544"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX545"></A>
A character is read and point is moved to the previous occurrence
of that character. A negative count searches for subsequent
occurrences.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX545"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX546"></A>
<DT><CODE>skip-csi-sequence ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX546"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX547"></A>
Read enough characters to consume a multi-key sequence such as those
defined for keys like Home and End. Such sequences begin with a
Control Sequence Indicator (CSI), usually ESC-[. If this sequence is
but usually bound to ESC-[.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX547"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX548"></A>
<DT><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX548"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX549"></A>
Without a numeric argument, the value of the <CODE>comment-begin</CODE>
variable is inserted at the beginning of the current line.
If a numeric argument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if
will be executed by the shell.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX549"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX550"></A>
<DT><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX550"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX551"></A>
Print all of the functions and their key bindings to the
Readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied,
the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX551"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX552"></A>
<DT><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX552"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX553"></A>
Print all of the settable variables and their values to the
Readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied,
the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX553"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX554"></A>
<DT><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX554"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX555"></A>
Print all of the Readline key sequences bound to macros and the
strings they output. If a numeric argument is supplied,
the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part
of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX555"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX556"></A>
<DT><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX556"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX557"></A>
The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname expansion,
with an asterisk implicitly appended. This pattern is used to
generate a list of matching file names for possible completions.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX557"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX558"></A>
<DT><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX558"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX559"></A>
The word before point is treated as a pattern for pathname expansion,
and the list of matching file names is inserted, replacing the word.
If a numeric argument is supplied, a <SAMP>`*'</SAMP> is appended before
pathname expansion.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX559"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX560"></A>
<DT><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX560"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX561"></A>
The list of expansions that would have been generated by
<CODE>glob-expand-word</CODE> is displayed, and the line is redrawn.
If a numeric argument is supplied, a <SAMP>`*'</SAMP> is appended before
pathname expansion.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX561"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX562"></A>
<DT><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX562"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX563"></A>
Display version information about the current instance of Bash.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX563"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX564"></A>
<DT><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX564"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX565"></A>
Expand the line as the shell does.
This performs alias and history expansion as well as all of the shell
word expansions (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC29">3.5 Shell Expansions</A>).
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX565"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX566"></A>
<DT><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX566"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX567"></A>
Perform history expansion on the current line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX567"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX568"></A>
<DT><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX568"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX569"></A>
Perform history expansion on the current line and insert a space
(see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC124">9.3 History Expansion</A>).
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX569"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX570"></A>
<DT><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX570"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX571"></A>
Perform alias expansion on the current line (see section <A HREF="bashref.html#SEC85">6.6 Aliases</A>).
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX571"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX572"></A>
<DT><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX572"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX573"></A>
Perform history and alias expansion on the current line.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX573"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX574"></A>
<DT><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX574"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX575"></A>
A synonym for <CODE>yank-last-arg</CODE>.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX575"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX576"></A>
<DT><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX576"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX577"></A>
Accept the current line for execution and fetch the next line
relative to the current line from the history for editing. Any
argument is ignored.
<P>
-<A NAME="IDX577"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX578"></A>
<DT><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX578"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX579"></A>
Invoke an editor on the current command line, and execute the result as shell
commands.
Bash attempts to invoke
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><CODE>compgen</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX579"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX580"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>compgen [<VAR>option</VAR>] [<VAR>word</VAR>]</CODE>
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
</P><P>
<DT><CODE>complete</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX580"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX581"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o <VAR>comp-option</VAR>] [-DE] [-A <VAR>action</VAR>] [-G <VAR>globpat</VAR>] [-W <VAR>wordlist</VAR>]
[-F <VAR>function</VAR>] [-C <VAR>command</VAR>] [-X <VAR>filterpat</VAR>]
[-P <VAR>prefix</VAR>] [-S <VAR>suffix</VAR>] <VAR>name</VAR> [<VAR>name</VAR> <small>...</small>]</CODE>
</P><P>
<DT><CODE>compopt</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX581"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX582"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>compopt</CODE> [-o <VAR>option</VAR>] [-DE] [+o <VAR>option</VAR>] [<VAR>name</VAR>]
</pre></td></tr></table>Modify completion options for each <VAR>name</VAR> according to the
<VAR>option</VAR>s, or for the currently-executing completion if no <VAR>name</VAR>s
in the <TT>`examples/complete'</TT> subdirectory.
</P><P>
-<A NAME="IDX582"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX583"></A>
</P><P>
<A NAME="Using History Interactively"></A>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><CODE>fc</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX583"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX584"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre><CODE>fc [-e <VAR>ename</VAR>] [-lnr] [<VAR>first</VAR>] [<VAR>last</VAR>]</CODE>
<CODE>fc -s [<VAR>pat</VAR>=<VAR>rep</VAR>] [<VAR>command</VAR>]</CODE>
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
</P><P>
<DT><CODE>history</CODE>
-<DD><A NAME="IDX584"></A>
+<DD><A NAME="IDX585"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>history [<VAR>n</VAR>]
history -c
history -d <VAR>offset</VAR>
history list.
Unless the reference is absolute, events are relative to the current
position in the history list.
-<A NAME="IDX585"></A>
+<A NAME="IDX586"></A>
</P><P>
<DL COMPACT>
</P><P>
All of the following options except for <SAMP>`disabled-builtins'</SAMP>,
-<SAMP>`directpand-default'</SAMP>, and
+<SAMP>`direxpand-default'</SAMP>, and
<SAMP>`xpg-echo-default'</SAMP> are
enabled by default, unless the operating system does not provide the
necessary support.
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX101"><CODE>caller</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC61">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX80"><CODE>cd</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX102"><CODE>command</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC61">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
79"><CODE>compgen</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX58
0"><CODE>complete</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX58
1"><CODE>compopt</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
80"><CODE>compgen</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX58
1"><CODE>complete</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX58
2"><CODE>compopt</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC119">8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX81"><CODE>continue</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_D"></A>D</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX85"><CODE>export</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_F"></A>F</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX58
3"><CODE>fc</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC123">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX58
4"><CODE>fc</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC123">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX319"><CODE>fg</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC94">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_G"></A>G</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX87"><CODE>hash</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC60">4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX106"><CODE>help</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC61">4.2 Bash Builtin Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX58
4"><CODE>history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC123">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX58
5"><CODE>history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC123">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="bt_J"></A>J</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX320"><CODE>jobs</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC94">7.2 Job Control Builtins</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX146"><CODE>BASHPID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX332"><CODE>bell-style</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX333"><CODE>bind-tty-special-chars</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX334"><CODE>blink-matching-paren</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_C"></A>C</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX121"><CODE>CDPATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX122"><CODE>CDPATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX177"><CODE>CHILD_MAX</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX178"><CODE>CHILD_MAX</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX33
4"><CODE>colored-stats</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX33
5"><CODE>colored-stats</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX179"><CODE>COLUMNS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX180"><CODE>COLUMNS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX33
5"><CODE>comment-begin</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX33
6"><CODE>comment-begin</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX181"><CODE>COMP_CWORD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX182"><CODE>COMP_CWORD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX189"><CODE>COMP_KEY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX192"><CODE>COMP_WORDBREAKS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX193"><CODE>COMP_WORDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX194"><CODE>COMP_WORDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX33
6"><CODE>completion-display-width</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX33
7"><CODE>completion-ignore-case</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX33
8"><CODE>completion-map-case</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
39"><CODE>completion-prefix-display-length</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX34
0"><CODE>completion-query-items</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX33
7"><CODE>completion-display-width</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX33
8"><CODE>completion-ignore-case</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX33
9"><CODE>completion-map-case</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
40"><CODE>completion-prefix-display-length</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX34
1"><CODE>completion-query-items</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX195"><CODE>COMPREPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX196"><CODE>COMPREPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX34
1"><CODE>convert-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX34
2"><CODE>convert-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX197"><CODE>COPROC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX198"><CODE>COPROC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_D"></A>D</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX199"><CODE>DIRSTACK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX200"><CODE>DIRSTACK</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX34
2"><CODE>disable-completion</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX34
3"><CODE>disable-completion</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_E"></A>E</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX34
3"><CODE>editing-mode</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX34
4"><CODE>editing-mode</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX201"><CODE>EMACS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX202"><CODE>EMACS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX34
4"><CODE>enable-keypad</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX34
5"><CODE>enable-keypad</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX203"><CODE>ENV</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX204"><CODE>ENV</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX205"><CODE>EUID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX206"><CODE>EUID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX34
5"><CODE>expand-tilde</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX34
6"><CODE>expand-tilde</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_F"></A>F</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX207"><CODE>FCEDIT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX228"><CODE>HISTFILESIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX229"><CODE>HISTIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX230"><CODE>HISTIGNORE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX34
6"><CODE>history-preserve-point</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX34
7"><CODE>history-size</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX34
7"><CODE>history-preserve-point</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX34
8"><CODE>history-size</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX231"><CODE>HISTSIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX232"><CODE>HISTSIZE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX233"><CODE>HISTTIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX234"><CODE>HISTTIMEFORMAT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX123"><CODE>HOME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX124"><CODE>HOME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX34
8"><CODE>horizontal-scroll-mode</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX34
9"><CODE>horizontal-scroll-mode</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX235"><CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX236"><CODE>HOSTFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX237"><CODE>HOSTNAME</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX126"><CODE>IFS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX241"><CODE>IGNOREEOF</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX242"><CODE>IGNOREEOF</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
49"><CODE>input-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
50"><CODE>input-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX243"><CODE>INPUTRC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX244"><CODE>INPUTRC</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
1"><CODE>isearch-terminators</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
2"><CODE>isearch-terminators</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_K"></A>K</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
2"><CODE>keymap</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
3"><CODE>keymap</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_L"></A>L</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX245"><CODE>LANG</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX130"><CODE>MAILPATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX265"><CODE>MAPFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX266"><CODE>MAPFILE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
3"><CODE>mark-modified-lines</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
4"><CODE>mark-symlinked-directories</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
5"><CODE>match-hidden-files</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
6"><CODE>menu-complete-display-prefix</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
0"><CODE>meta-flag</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
4"><CODE>mark-modified-lines</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
5"><CODE>mark-symlinked-directories</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
6"><CODE>match-hidden-files</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
7"><CODE>menu-complete-display-prefix</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
1"><CODE>meta-flag</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_O"></A>O</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX267"><CODE>OLDPWD</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX134"><CODE>OPTIND</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX271"><CODE>OSTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX272"><CODE>OSTYPE</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
7"><CODE>output-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
8"><CODE>output-meta</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_P"></A>P</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
8"><CODE>page-completions</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX35
9"><CODE>page-completions</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX135"><CODE>PATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX136"><CODE>PATH</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC67">5.1 Bourne Shell Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX273"><CODE>PIPESTATUS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX294"><CODE>READLINE_POINT</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX295"><CODE>REPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX296"><CODE>REPLY</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
59"><CODE>revert-all-at-newline</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX3
60"><CODE>revert-all-at-newline</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_S"></A>S</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX297"><CODE>SECONDS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX302"><CODE>SHELLOPTS</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX303"><CODE>SHLVL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX304"><CODE>SHLVL</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX36
0"><CODE>show-all-if-ambiguous</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX36
1"><CODE>show-all-if-unmodified</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX36
2"><CODE>show-mode-in-prompt</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX36
3"><CODE>skip-completed-text</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX36
1"><CODE>show-all-if-ambiguous</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX36
2"><CODE>show-all-if-unmodified</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX36
3"><CODE>show-mode-in-prompt</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX36
4"><CODE>skip-completed-text</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_T"></A>T</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX22"><CODE>TEXTDOMAIN</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC13">3.1.2.5 Locale-Specific Translation</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX312"><CODE>UID</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC68">5.2 Bash Variables</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_V"></A>V</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX36
4"><CODE>visible-stats</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX36
5"><CODE>visible-stats</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC105">8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
</TABLE><P></P><table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: </th><td><A HREF="bashref.html#vr_!" style="text-decoration:none"><b>!</b></A>
<TR><TD></TD><TH ALIGN=LEFT>Index Entry</TH><TH ALIGN=LEFT> Section</TH></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_A"></A>A</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX525"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX526"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX385"><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX527"><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX386"><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX569"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX387"><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX570"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX571"><CODE>alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_B"></A>B</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX371"><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX372"><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX419"><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX373"><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX420"><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX441"><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX421"><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX442"><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
9"><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX44
3"><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX450"><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX375"><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX451"><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX376"><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX391"><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-&#60;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX377"><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX392"><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-&#60;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX365"><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX393"><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-&#60;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX366"><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX367"><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_C"></A>C</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX519"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX520"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX435"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX521"><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX436"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX541"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX437"><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX542"><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX543"><CODE>character-search
-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX543"><CODE>character-search
(C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX544"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX381"><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX545"><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX382"><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX477"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX383"><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX478"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
505"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
479"><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX506"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
489"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
507"><CODE>complete-command (M-!)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX490"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
501"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
491"><CODE>complete-filename (M-/)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX502"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
13"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
03"><CODE>complete-hostname (M-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX514"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
493"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
515"><CODE>complete-into-braces (M-{)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX494"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
7"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
5"><CODE>complete-username (M-~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX498"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX465"><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX499"><CODE>complete-variable (M-$)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX466"><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX467"><CODE>copy-
forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX467"><CODE>copy-
backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX468"><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
3"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX46
9"><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX464"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX465"><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_D"></A>D</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX511"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX512"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX417"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX513"><CODE>dabbrev-expand ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX418"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX487"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX419"><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX488"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX459"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX489"><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX460"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX473"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX461"><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX474"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX561"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX475"><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX562"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
27"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
63"><CODE>display-shell-version (C-x C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX528"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX433"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX529"><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX434"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX549"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX435"><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX550"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX55
3"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX55
1"><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX554"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX55
1"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX55
5"><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX552"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX509"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX553"><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX510"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX511"><CODE>dynamic-complete-history (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_E"></A>E</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX577"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX578"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX517"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX579"><CODE>edit-and-execute-command (C-xC-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX518"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX415"><CODE><I>end-of-file</I> (usually C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX519"><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX416"><CODE><I>end-of-file</I> (usually C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX393"><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX417"><CODE><I>end-of-file</I> (usually C-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX394"><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX367"><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX395"><CODE>end-of-history (M-&#62;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX368"><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX539"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX369"><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX540"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX541"><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_F"></A>F</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX421"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX422"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX369"><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX423"><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX370"><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX397"><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX371"><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX398"><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX373"><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX399"><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX374"><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX375"><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_G"></A>G</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX555"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX556"><CODE>glob-complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX557"><CODE>glob-
expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX557"><CODE>glob-
complete-word (M-g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX558"><CODE>glob-expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX559"><CODE>glob-
list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX559"><CODE>glob-
expand-word (C-x *)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX560"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX561"><CODE>glob-list-expansions (C-x g)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX571"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX572"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
65"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX5
73"><CODE>history-and-alias-expand-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX566"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX405"><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX567"><CODE>history-expand-line (M-^)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX406"><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX40
3"><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX40
7"><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX404"><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX40
9"><CODE>history-substr-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX40
5"><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX410"><CODE>history-substr-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
07"><CODE>history-substr-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
11"><CODE>history-substr-search-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX408"><CODE>history-substr-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX409"><CODE>history-substr-search-forward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_I"></A>I</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX547"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX548"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX481"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX549"><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX482"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX573"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX483"><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX574"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX575"><CODE>insert-last-argument (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_K"></A>K</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX439"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX440"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
61"><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
41"><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX462"><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
45"><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
63"><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX446"><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX447"><CODE>kill-w
ord (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX447"><CODE>kill-w
hole-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX448"><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX449"><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_M"></A>M</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX567"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX568"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX483"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX569"><CODE>magic-space ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX484"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX485"><CODE>menu-complete
-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX485"><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX486"><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX487"><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_N"></A>N</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX389"><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX390"><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
401"><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
391"><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX402"><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
399"><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
403"><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX400"><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX401"><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_O"></A>O</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX575"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX576"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX437"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX577"><CODE>operate-and-get-next (C-o)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX438"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX439"><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_P"></A>P</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX507"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX508"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
479"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
509"><CODE>possible-command-completions (C-x !)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX480"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
91"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
81"><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX492"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
503"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
493"><CODE>possible-filename-completions (C-x /)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX504"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
495"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX
505"><CODE>possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX496"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
9"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX49
7"><CODE>possible-username-completions (C-x ~)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX500"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX529"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX501"><CODE>possible-variable-completions (C-x $)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC114">8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX530"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX387"><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX531"><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX388"><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX521"><CODE>print-last-kbd-macro ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX389"><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX522"><CODE>print-last-kbd-macro ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX523"><CODE>print-last-kbd-macro ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_Q"></A>Q</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX423"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX424"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX425"><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_R"></A>R</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX523"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX524"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX383"><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX525"><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX384"><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX395"><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX385"><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX396"><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX533"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX397"><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX534"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX535"><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_S"></A>S</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX425"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX426"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX537"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX427"><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX538"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX453"><CODE>shell-backward-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX539"><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX454"><CODE>shell-backward-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX379"><CODE>shell-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX455"><CODE>shell-backward-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX380"><CODE>shell-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX563"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX381"><CODE>shell-backward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX564"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX377"><CODE>shell-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX565"><CODE>shell-expand-line (M-C-e)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX378"><CODE>shell-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX451"><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX379"><CODE>shell-forward-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC109">8.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX452"><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX545"><CODE>skip-csi-sequence ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX453"><CODE>shell-kill-word ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX546"><CODE>skip-csi-sequence ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX515"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX547"><CODE>skip-csi-sequence ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX516"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX517"><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC115">8.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_T"></A>T</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX535"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX536"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX427"><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX537"><CODE>tilde-expand (M-&#38;)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX428"><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX429"><CODE>transpose-
words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX429"><CODE>transpose-
chars (C-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX430"><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX431"><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_U"></A>U</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX531"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX532"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX475"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX533"><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC116">8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX476"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX457"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX477"><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC113">8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX458"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
43"><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
59"><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX444"><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
55"><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX4
45"><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX456"><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX431"><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX457"><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX432"><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX433"><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC111">8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="fn_Y"></A>Y</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX469"><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX470"><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX413"><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX471"><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX414"><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX41
1"><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX41
5"><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX412"><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX471"><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX413"><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC110">8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX472"><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX473"><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC112">8.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
</TABLE><P></P><table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: </th><td><A HREF="bashref.html#fn_A" style="text-decoration:none"><b>A</b></A>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC123">history builtins</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC123">9.2 Bash History Builtins</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX58
5">history events</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC125">9.3.1 Event Designators</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX58
6">history events</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC125">9.3.1 Event Designators</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC124">history expansion</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC124">9.3 History Expansion</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">history list</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC122">9.1 Bash History Facilities</A></TD></TR>
-<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX58
2">History, how to use</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC120">8.8 A Programmable Completion Example</A></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX58
3">History, how to use</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC120">8.8 A Programmable Completion Example</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_I"></A>I</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#IDX11">identifier</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="bashref.html#SEC4">2. Definitions</A></TD></TR>
<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="bashref.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<H1>About this document</H1>
-This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>February, 24 2014</I>
+This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>September, 15 2014</I>
using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html
"><I>texi2html</I></A>
<P></P>
<BR>
<FONT SIZE="-1">
This document was generated
-by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>February, 24 2014</I>
+by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>September, 15 2014</I>
using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html
"><I>texi2html</I></A>
/usr/homes/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi.
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 4.3, 2 February 2014).
+the Bash shell (version 4.3, 6 September 2014).
- This is Edition 4.3, last updated 2 February 2014, of `The GNU Bash
+ This is Edition 4.3, last updated 6 September 2014, of `The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.3.
Copyright (C) 1988-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
*************
This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 4.3, 2 February 2014). The Bash home page is
+the Bash shell (version 4.3, 6 September 2014). The Bash home page is
`http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/'.
- This is Edition 4.3, last updated 2 February 2014, of `The GNU Bash
+ This is Edition 4.3, last updated 6 September 2014, of `The GNU Bash
Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 4.3.
Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
3.2.2 Pipelines
---------------
-A `pipeline' is a sequence of simple commands separated by one of the
-control operators `|' or `|&'.
+A `pipeline' is a sequence of one or more commands separated by one of
+the control operators `|' or `|&'.
The format for a pipeline is
[time [-p]] [!] COMMAND1 [ | or |& COMMAND2 ] ...
the parentheses are optional. The BODY of the function is the compound
command COMPOUND-COMMAND (*note Compound Commands::). That command is
usually a LIST enclosed between { and }, but may be any compound
-command listed above. COMPOUND-COMMAND is executed whenever NAME is
-specified as the name of a command. When the shell is in POSIX mode
-(*note Bash POSIX Mode::), NAME may not be the same as one of the
-special builtins (*note Special Builtins::). Any redirections (*note
-Redirections::) associated with the shell function are performed when
-the function is executed.
+command listed above, with one exception: If the `function' reserved
+word is used, but the parentheses are not supplied, the braces are
+required. COMPOUND-COMMAND is executed whenever NAME is specified as
+the name of a command. When the shell is in POSIX mode (*note Bash
+POSIX Mode::), NAME may not be the same as one of the special builtins
+(*note Special Builtins::). Any redirections (*note Redirections::)
+associated with the shell function are performed when the function is
+executed.
A function definition may be deleted using the `-f' option to the
`unset' builtin (*note Bourne Shell Builtins::).
performed, with the exception of `"$@"' as explained below. Filename
expansion is not performed. Assignment statements may also appear as
arguments to the `alias', `declare', `typeset', `export', `readonly',
-and `local' builtin commands. When in POSIX mode (*note Bash POSIX
-Mode::), these builtins may appear in a command after one or more
-instances of the `command' builtin and retain these assignment
-statement properties.
+and `local' builtin commands (DECLARATION commands). When in POSIX
+mode (*note Bash POSIX Mode::), these builtins may appear in a command
+after one or more instances of the `command' builtin and retain these
+assignment statement properties.
In the context where an assignment statement is assigning a value to
a shell variable or array index (*note Arrays::), the `+=' operator can
-be used to append to or add to the variable's previous value. When
-`+=' is applied to a variable for which the INTEGER attribute has been
-set, VALUE is evaluated as an arithmetic expression and added to the
-variable's current value, which is also evaluated. When `+=' is
-applied to an array variable using compound assignment (*note
-Arrays::), the variable's value is not unset (as it is when using `='),
-and new values are appended to the array beginning at one greater than
-the array's maximum index (for indexed arrays), or added as additional
-key-value pairs in an associative array. When applied to a
-string-valued variable, VALUE is expanded and appended to the
-variable's value.
+be used to append to or add to the variable's previous value. This
+includes arguments to builtin commands such as `declare' that accept
+assignment statements (DECLARATION commands). When `+=' is applied to
+a variable for which the INTEGER attribute has been set, VALUE is
+evaluated as an arithmetic expression and added to the variable's
+current value, which is also evaluated. When `+=' is applied to an
+array variable using compound assignment (*note Arrays::), the
+variable's value is not unset (as it is when using `='), and new values
+are appended to the array beginning at one greater than the array's
+maximum index (for indexed arrays), or added as additional key-value
+pairs in an associative array. When applied to a string-valued
+variable, VALUE is expanded and appended to the variable's value.
A variable can be assigned the NAMEREF attribute using the `-n'
option to the \fBdeclare\fP or \fBlocal\fP builtin commands (*note Bash
Builtins::) to create a NAMEREF, or a reference to another variable.
This allows variables to be manipulated indirectly. Whenever the
-nameref variable is referenced or assigned to, the operation is
-actually performed on the variable specified by the nameref variable's
-value. A nameref is commonly used within shell functions to refer to a
-variable whose name is passed as an argument to the function. For
-instance, if a variable name is passed to a shell function as its first
-argument, running
+nameref variable is referenced, assigned to, unset, or has its
+attributes modified (other than the nameref attribute itself), the
+operation is actually performed on the variable specified by the nameref
+variable's value. A nameref is commonly used within shell functions to
+refer to a variable whose name is passed as an argument to the function.
+For instance, if a variable name is passed to a shell function as its
+first argument, running
declare -n ref=$1
inside the function creates a nameref variable REF whose value is
the variable name passed as the first argument. References and
-assignments to REF are treated as references and assignments to the
-variable whose name was passed as `$1'.
+assignments to REF, and changes to its attributes, are treated as
+references, assignments, and attribute modifications to the variable
+whose name was passed as `$1'.
If the control variable in a `for' loop has the nameref attribute,
the list of words can be a list of shell variables, and a name reference
will be established for each word in the list, in turn, when the loop is
-executed. Array variables cannot be given the `-n' attribute.
+executed. Array variables cannot be given the nameref attribute.
However, nameref variables can reference array variables and subscripted
array variables. Namerefs can be unset using the `-n' option to the
`unset' builtin (*note Bourne Shell Builtins::). Otherwise, if `unset'
All of the Bash builtins return an exit status of zero if they
succeed and a non-zero status on failure, so they may be used by the
conditional and list constructs. All builtins return an exit status of
-2 to indicate incorrect usage.
+2 to indicate incorrect usage, generally invalid options or missing
+arguments.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Signals, Prev: Exit Status, Up: Executing Commands
the Bourne Shell, as well as the builtin commands which are unique to
or have been extended in Bash.
- Several builtin commands are described in other chapters: builtin
+ Several builtin commands are described in other chapters: builtin
commands which provide the Bash interface to the job control facilities
(*note Job Control Builtins::), the directory stack (*note Directory
Stack Builtins::), the command history (*note Bash History Builtins::),
Cause a shell function to stop executing and return the value N to
its caller. If N is not supplied, the return value is the exit
- status of the last command executed in the function. `return' may
- also be used to terminate execution of a script being executed
- with the `.' (`source') builtin, returning either N or the exit
- status of the last command executed within the script as the exit
- status of the script. If N is supplied, the return value is its
- least significant 8 bits. Any command associated with the
- `RETURN' trap is executed before execution resumes after the
- function or script. The return status is non-zero if `return' is
- supplied a non-numeric argument or is used outside a function and
- not during the execution of a script by `.' or `source'.
+ status of the last command executed in the function. If `return'
+ is executed by a trap handler, the last command used to determine
+ the status is the last command executed before the trap handler.
+ if `return' is executed during a `DEBUG' trap, the last command
+ used to determine the status is the last command executed by the
+ trap handler before `return' was invoked. `return' may also be
+ used to terminate execution of a script being executed with the
+ `.' (`source') builtin, returning either N or the exit status of
+ the last command executed within the script as the exit status of
+ the script. If N is supplied, the return value is its least
+ significant 8 bits. Any command associated with the `RETURN' trap
+ is executed before execution resumes after the function or script.
+ The return status is non-zero if `return' is supplied a non-numeric
+ argument or is used outside a function and not during the
+ execution of a script by `.' or `source'.
`shift'
shift [N]
bind [-m KEYMAP] -f FILENAME
bind [-m KEYMAP] -x KEYSEQ:SHELL-COMMAND
bind [-m KEYMAP] KEYSEQ:FUNCTION-NAME
- bind READLINE-COMMAND
+ bind [-m KEYMAP] KEYSEQ:READLINE-COMMAND
Display current Readline (*note Command Line Editing::) key and
function bindings, bind a key sequence to a Readline function or
`-n'
Give each NAME the NAMEREF attribute, making it a name
reference to another variable. That other variable is
- defined by the value of NAME. All references and assignments
- to NAME, except for changing the `-n' attribute itself, are
- performed on the variable referenced by NAME's value. The
- `-n' attribute cannot be applied to array variables.
+ defined by the value of NAME. All references, assignments,
+ and attribute modifications to NAME, except for changing the
+ `-n' attribute itself, are performed on the variable
+ referenced by NAME's value. The nameref attribute cannot be
+ applied to array variables.
`-r'
Make NAMEs readonly. These names cannot then be assigned
Exit a login shell, returning a status of N to the shell's parent.
`mapfile'
- mapfile [-n COUNT] [-O ORIGIN] [-s COUNT] [-t] [-u FD]
+ mapfile [-d DELIM] [-n COUNT] [-O ORIGIN] [-s COUNT] [-t] [-u FD]
[-C CALLBACK] [-c QUANTUM] [ARRAY]
Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable
The variable `MAPFILE' is the default ARRAY. Options, if
supplied, have the following meanings:
+ `-d'
+ The first character of DELIM is used to terminate each input
+ line, rather than newline.
+
`-n'
Copy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are
copied.
Read input from file descriptor FD.
`readarray'
- readarray [-n COUNT] [-O ORIGIN] [-s COUNT] [-t] [-u FD]
+ readarray [-d DELIM] [-n COUNT] [-O ORIGIN] [-s COUNT] [-t] [-u FD]
[-C CALLBACK] [-c QUANTUM] [ARRAY]
Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable
completes, the shell prints a line containing its exit status.
`-n'
- Read commands but do not execute them; this may be used to
+ Read commands but do not execute them. This may be used to
check a script for syntax errors. This option is ignored by
interactive shells.
3. If the command run by the `DEBUG' trap returns a value
of 2, and the shell is executing in a subroutine (a
shell function or a shell script executed by the `.' or
- `source' builtins), a call to `return' is simulated.
+ `source' builtins), the shell simulates a call to
+ `return'.
4. `BASH_ARGC' and `BASH_ARGV' are updated as described in
their descriptions (*note Bash Variables::).
- 5. Function tracing is enabled: command substitution,
- shell functions, and subshells invoked with `( COMMAND
- )' inherit the `DEBUG' and `RETURN' traps.
+ 5. Function tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell
+ functions, and subshells invoked with `( COMMAND )'
+ inherit the `DEBUG' and `RETURN' traps.
- 6. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell
+ 6. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell
functions, and subshells invoked with `( COMMAND )'
inherit the `ERR' trap.
invocation which are not available with the `set' builtin.
`-c'
- Read and execute commands from the first non-option ARGUMENT after
- processing the options, then exit. Any remaining arguments are
- assigned to the positional parameters, starting with `$0'.
+ Read and execute commands from the first non-option argument
+ COMMAND_STRING, then exit. If there are arguments after the
+ COMMAND_STRING, the first argument is assigned to `$0' and any
+ remaining arguments are assigned to the positional parameters.
+ The assignment to `$0' sets the name of the shell, which is used
+ in warning and error messages.
`-i'
Force the shell to run interactively. Interactive shells are
alias. This behavior is also an issue when functions are executed.
Aliases are expanded when a function definition is read, not when the
function is executed, because a function definition is itself a
-compound command. As a consequence, aliases defined in a function are
-not available until after that function is executed. To be safe,
-always put alias definitions on a separate line, and do not use `alias'
-in compound commands.
+command. As a consequence, aliases defined in a function are not
+available until after that function is executed. To be safe, always put
+alias definitions on a separate line, and do not use `alias' in
+compound commands.
For almost every purpose, shell functions are preferred over aliases.
20. POSIX special builtins are found before shell functions during
command lookup.
- 21. The `time' reserved word may be used by itself as a command. When
+ 21. Literal tildes that appear as the first character in elements of
+ the `PATH' variable are not expanded as described above under
+ *note Tilde Expansion::.
+
+ 22. The `time' reserved word may be used by itself as a command. When
used in this way, it displays timing statistics for the shell and
its completed children. The `TIMEFORMAT' variable controls the
format of the timing information.
- 22. When parsing and expanding a ${...} expansion that appears within
+ 23. When parsing and expanding a ${...} expansion that appears within
double quotes, single quotes are no longer special and cannot be
used to quote a closing brace or other special character, unless
the operator is one of those defined to perform pattern removal.
In this case, they do not have to appear as matched pairs.
- 23. The parser does not recognize `time' as a reserved word if the next
+ 24. The parser does not recognize `time' as a reserved word if the next
token begins with a `-'.
- 24. If a POSIX special builtin returns an error status, a
+ 25. If a POSIX special builtin returns an error status, a
non-interactive shell exits. The fatal errors are those listed in
the POSIX standard, and include things like passing incorrect
options, redirection errors, variable assignment errors for
assignments preceding the command name, and so on.
- 25. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if a variable
+ 26. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if a variable
assignment error occurs when no command name follows the assignment
statements. A variable assignment error occurs, for example, when
trying to assign a value to a readonly variable.
- 26. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if a variable
+ 27. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if a variable
assignment error occurs in an assignment statement preceding a
special builtin, but not with any other simple command.
- 27. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if the iteration
+ 28. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if the iteration
variable in a `for' statement or the selection variable in a
`select' statement is a readonly variable.
- 28. Process substitution is not available.
+ 29. Process substitution is not available.
- 29. While variable indirection is available, it may not be applied to
+ 30. While variable indirection is available, it may not be applied to
the `#' and `?' special parameters.
- 30. Assignment statements preceding POSIX special builtins persist in
+ 31. Assignment statements preceding POSIX special builtins persist in
the shell environment after the builtin completes.
- 31. Assignment statements preceding shell function calls persist in the
+ 32. Assignment statements preceding shell function calls persist in the
shell environment after the function returns, as if a POSIX
special builtin command had been executed.
- 32. The `export' and `readonly' builtin commands display their output
+ 33. The `export' and `readonly' builtin commands display their output
in the format required by POSIX.
- 33. The `trap' builtin displays signal names without the leading `SIG'.
+ 34. The `trap' builtin displays signal names without the leading `SIG'.
- 34. The `trap' builtin doesn't check the first argument for a possible
+ 35. The `trap' builtin doesn't check the first argument for a possible
signal specification and revert the signal handling to the original
disposition if it is, unless that argument consists solely of
digits and is a valid signal number. If users want to reset the
handler for a given signal to the original disposition, they
should use `-' as the first argument.
- 35. The `.' and `source' builtins do not search the current directory
+ 36. The `.' and `source' builtins do not search the current directory
for the filename argument if it is not found by searching `PATH'.
- 36. Subshells spawned to execute command substitutions inherit the
+ 37. Subshells spawned to execute command substitutions inherit the
value of the `-e' option from the parent shell. When not in POSIX
mode, Bash clears the `-e' option in such subshells.
- 37. Alias expansion is always enabled, even in non-interactive shells.
+ 38. Alias expansion is always enabled, even in non-interactive shells.
- 38. When the `alias' builtin displays alias definitions, it does not
+ 39. When the `alias' builtin displays alias definitions, it does not
display them with a leading `alias ' unless the `-p' option is
supplied.
- 39. When the `set' builtin is invoked without options, it does not
+ 40. When the `set' builtin is invoked without options, it does not
display shell function names and definitions.
- 40. When the `set' builtin is invoked without options, it displays
+ 41. When the `set' builtin is invoked without options, it displays
variable values without quotes, unless they contain shell
metacharacters, even if the result contains nonprinting characters.
- 41. When the `cd' builtin is invoked in LOGICAL mode, and the pathname
+ 42. When the `cd' builtin is invoked in LOGICAL mode, and the pathname
constructed from `$PWD' and the directory name supplied as an
argument does not refer to an existing directory, `cd' will fail
instead of falling back to PHYSICAL mode.
- 42. The `pwd' builtin verifies that the value it prints is the same as
+ 43. The `pwd' builtin verifies that the value it prints is the same as
the current directory, even if it is not asked to check the file
system with the `-P' option.
- 43. When listing the history, the `fc' builtin does not include an
+ 44. When listing the history, the `fc' builtin does not include an
indication of whether or not a history entry has been modified.
- 44. The default editor used by `fc' is `ed'.
+ 45. The default editor used by `fc' is `ed'.
- 45. The `type' and `command' builtins will not report a non-executable
+ 46. The `type' and `command' builtins will not report a non-executable
file as having been found, though the shell will attempt to
execute such a file if it is the only so-named file found in
`$PATH'.
- 46. The `vi' editing mode will invoke the `vi' editor directly when
+ 47. The `vi' editing mode will invoke the `vi' editor directly when
the `v' command is run, instead of checking `$VISUAL' and
`$EDITOR'.
- 47. When the `xpg_echo' option is enabled, Bash does not attempt to
+ 48. When the `xpg_echo' option is enabled, Bash does not attempt to
interpret any arguments to `echo' as options. Each argument is
displayed, after escape characters are converted.
- 48. The `ulimit' builtin uses a block size of 512 bytes for the `-c'
+ 49. The `ulimit' builtin uses a block size of 512 bytes for the `-c'
and `-f' options.
- 49. The arrival of `SIGCHLD' when a trap is set on `SIGCHLD' does not
+ 50. The arrival of `SIGCHLD' when a trap is set on `SIGCHLD' does not
interrupt the `wait' builtin and cause it to return immediately.
The trap command is run once for each child that exits.
- 50. The `read' builtin may be interrupted by a signal for which a trap
+ 51. The `read' builtin may be interrupted by a signal for which a trap
has been set. If Bash receives a trapped signal while executing
`read', the trap handler executes and `read' returns an exit
status greater than 128.
Readline attempts to ring the terminal's bell.
`bind-tty-special-chars'
- If set to `on', Readline attempts to bind the control
- characters treated specially by the kernel's terminal driver
- to their Readline equivalents.
+ If set to `on' (the default), Readline attempts to bind the
+ control characters treated specially by the kernel's
+ terminal driver to their Readline equivalents.
+
+ `blink-matching-paren'
+ If set to `on', Readline attempts to briefly move the cursor
+ to an opening parenthesis when a closing parenthsis is
+ inserted. The default is `off'.
`colored-stats'
If set to `on', Readline displays possible completions using
`forward-search-history (C-s)'
Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down'
- through the the history as necessary. This is an incremental
- search.
+ through the history as necessary. This is an incremental search.
`non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)'
Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up'
through the history as necessary using a non-incremental search
- for a string supplied by the user.
+ for a string supplied by the user. The search string may match
+ anywhere in a history line.
`non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)'
Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down'
- through the the history as necessary using a non-incremental search
- for a string supplied by the user.
+ through the history as necessary using a non-incremental search
+ for a string supplied by the user. The search string may match
+ anywhere in a history line.
`history-search-forward ()'
Search forward through the history for the string of characters
Kill the text from point to the end of the line.
`backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)'
- Kill backward to the beginning of the line.
+ Kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of the current line.
`unix-line-discard (C-u)'
Kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of the current line.
be enabled using `enable-FEATURE'.
All of the following options except for `disabled-builtins',
-`directpand-default', and `xpg-echo-default' are enabled by default,
+`direxpand-default', and `xpg-echo-default' are enabled by default,
unless the operating system does not provide the necessary support.
`--enable-alias'
* :: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 11)
* [: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 258)
+ (line 263)
* alias: Bash Builtins. (line 11)
* bg: Job Control Builtins.
(line 7)
(line 7)
* disown: Job Control Builtins.
(line 89)
-* echo: Bash Builtins. (line 245)
-* enable: Bash Builtins. (line 307)
+* echo: Bash Builtins. (line 246)
+* enable: Bash Builtins. (line 308)
* eval: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 89)
* exec: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 137)
* hash: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 180)
-* help: Bash Builtins. (line 336)
+* help: Bash Builtins. (line 337)
* history: Bash History Builtins.
(line 40)
* jobs: Job Control Builtins.
(line 27)
* kill: Job Control Builtins.
(line 59)
-* let: Bash Builtins. (line 357)
-* local: Bash Builtins. (line 365)
-* logout: Bash Builtins. (line 376)
-* mapfile: Bash Builtins. (line 381)
+* let: Bash Builtins. (line 358)
+* local: Bash Builtins. (line 366)
+* logout: Bash Builtins. (line 377)
+* mapfile: Bash Builtins. (line 382)
* popd: Directory Stack Builtins.
(line 39)
-* printf: Bash Builtins. (line 429)
+* printf: Bash Builtins. (line 434)
* pushd: Directory Stack Builtins.
(line 61)
* pwd: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 200)
-* read: Bash Builtins. (line 477)
-* readarray: Bash Builtins. (line 564)
+* read: Bash Builtins. (line 482)
+* readarray: Bash Builtins. (line 569)
* readonly: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 210)
* return: Bourne Shell Builtins.
(line 229)
* set: The Set Builtin. (line 11)
* shift: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 245)
+ (line 250)
* shopt: The Shopt Builtin. (line 9)
-* source: Bash Builtins. (line 573)
+* source: Bash Builtins. (line 578)
* suspend: Job Control Builtins.
(line 101)
* test: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 258)
+ (line 263)
* times: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 334)
+ (line 339)
* trap: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 340)
-* type: Bash Builtins. (line 578)
-* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 610)
-* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 616)
+ (line 345)
+* type: Bash Builtins. (line 583)
+* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 615)
+* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 621)
* umask: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 389)
-* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 707)
+ (line 394)
+* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 712)
* unset: Bourne Shell Builtins.
- (line 407)
+ (line 412)
* wait: Job Control Builtins.
(line 76)
(line 38)
* bind-tty-special-chars: Readline Init File Syntax.
(line 45)
+* blink-matching-paren: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 50)
* CDPATH: Bourne Shell Variables.
(line 9)
* CHILD_MAX: Bash Variables. (line 158)
* colored-stats: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 50)
+ (line 55)
* COLUMNS: Bash Variables. (line 165)
* comment-begin: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 56)
+ (line 61)
* COMP_CWORD: Bash Variables. (line 171)
* COMP_KEY: Bash Variables. (line 200)
* COMP_LINE: Bash Variables. (line 177)
* COMP_WORDBREAKS: Bash Variables. (line 204)
* COMP_WORDS: Bash Variables. (line 210)
* completion-display-width: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 61)
+ (line 66)
* completion-ignore-case: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 68)
-* completion-map-case: Readline Init File Syntax.
(line 73)
+* completion-map-case: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 78)
* completion-prefix-display-length: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 79)
+ (line 84)
* completion-query-items: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 86)
+ (line 91)
* COMPREPLY: Bash Variables. (line 218)
* convert-meta: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 96)
+ (line 101)
* COPROC: Bash Variables. (line 224)
* DIRSTACK: Bash Variables. (line 228)
* disable-completion: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 102)
-* editing-mode: Readline Init File Syntax.
(line 107)
+* editing-mode: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 112)
* EMACS: Bash Variables. (line 238)
* enable-keypad: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 118)
+ (line 123)
* ENV: Bash Variables. (line 243)
* EUID: Bash Variables. (line 247)
* expand-tilde: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 129)
+ (line 134)
* FCEDIT: Bash Variables. (line 251)
* FIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 255)
* FUNCNAME: Bash Variables. (line 261)
* HISTFILESIZE: Bash Variables. (line 336)
* HISTIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 347)
* history-preserve-point: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 133)
+ (line 138)
* history-size: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 139)
+ (line 144)
* HISTSIZE: Bash Variables. (line 366)
* HISTTIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 373)
* HOME: Bourne Shell Variables.
(line 13)
* horizontal-scroll-mode: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 146)
+ (line 151)
* HOSTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 382)
* HOSTNAME: Bash Variables. (line 393)
* HOSTTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 396)
(line 18)
* IGNOREEOF: Bash Variables. (line 399)
* input-meta: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 153)
+ (line 158)
* INPUTRC: Bash Variables. (line 409)
* isearch-terminators: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 160)
+ (line 165)
* keymap: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 167)
+ (line 172)
* LANG: Bash Variables. (line 413)
* LC_ALL: Bash Variables. (line 417)
* LC_COLLATE: Bash Variables. (line 421)
(line 27)
* MAPFILE: Bash Variables. (line 463)
* mark-modified-lines: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 196)
-* mark-symlinked-directories: Readline Init File Syntax.
(line 201)
-* match-hidden-files: Readline Init File Syntax.
+* mark-symlinked-directories: Readline Init File Syntax.
(line 206)
+* match-hidden-files: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 211)
* menu-complete-display-prefix: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 213)
+ (line 218)
* meta-flag: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 153)
+ (line 158)
* OLDPWD: Bash Variables. (line 467)
* OPTARG: Bourne Shell Variables.
(line 34)
(line 38)
* OSTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 474)
* output-meta: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 218)
-* page-completions: Readline Init File Syntax.
(line 223)
+* page-completions: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 228)
* PATH: Bourne Shell Variables.
(line 42)
* PIPESTATUS: Bash Variables. (line 477)
* READLINE_POINT: Bash Variables. (line 528)
* REPLY: Bash Variables. (line 532)
* revert-all-at-newline: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 233)
+ (line 238)
* SECONDS: Bash Variables. (line 535)
* SHELL: Bash Variables. (line 541)
* SHELLOPTS: Bash Variables. (line 546)
* SHLVL: Bash Variables. (line 555)
* show-all-if-ambiguous: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 239)
+ (line 244)
* show-all-if-unmodified: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 245)
+ (line 250)
* show-mode-in-prompt: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 254)
-* skip-completed-text: Readline Init File Syntax.
(line 259)
+* skip-completed-text: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 264)
* TEXTDOMAIN: Locale Translation. (line 11)
* TEXTDOMAINDIR: Locale Translation. (line 11)
* TIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 560)
* TMPDIR: Bash Variables. (line 610)
* UID: Bash Variables. (line 614)
* visible-stats: Readline Init File Syntax.
- (line 272)
+ (line 277)
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Function Index, Next: Concept Index, Prev: Variable Index, Up: Indexes
* forward-char (C-f): Commands For Moving. (line 12)
* forward-search-history (C-s): Commands For History. (line 31)
* forward-word (M-f): Commands For Moving. (line 18)
-* history-search-backward (): Commands For History. (line 52)
-* history-search-forward (): Commands For History. (line 46)
-* history-substr-search-backward (): Commands For History. (line 64)
-* history-substr-search-forward (): Commands For History. (line 58)
+* history-search-backward (): Commands For History. (line 53)
+* history-search-forward (): Commands For History. (line 47)
+* history-substr-search-backward (): Commands For History. (line 65)
+* history-substr-search-forward (): Commands For History. (line 59)
* insert-comment (M-#): Miscellaneous Commands.
(line 60)
* insert-completions (M-*): Commands For Completion.
* non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n): Commands For History.
(line 41)
* non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p): Commands For History.
- (line 36)
+ (line 35)
* overwrite-mode (): Commands For Text. (line 56)
* possible-completions (M-?): Commands For Completion.
(line 15)
* unix-word-rubout (C-w): Commands For Killing. (line 37)
* upcase-word (M-u): Commands For Text. (line 44)
* yank (C-y): Commands For Killing. (line 68)
-* yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_): Commands For History. (line 79)
-* yank-nth-arg (M-C-y): Commands For History. (line 70)
+* yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_): Commands For History. (line 80)
+* yank-nth-arg (M-C-y): Commands For History. (line 71)
* yank-pop (M-y): Commands For Killing. (line 71)
\1f
* interaction, readline: Readline Interaction.
(line 6)
* interactive shell <1>: Interactive Shells. (line 6)
-* interactive shell: Invoking Bash. (line 125)
+* interactive shell: Invoking Bash. (line 128)
* internationalization: Locale Translation. (line 6)
* job: Definitions. (line 38)
* job control <1>: Job Control Basics. (line 6)
* killing text: Readline Killing Commands.
(line 6)
* localization: Locale Translation. (line 6)
-* login shell: Invoking Bash. (line 122)
+* login shell: Invoking Bash. (line 125)
* matching, pattern: Pattern Matching. (line 6)
* metacharacter: Definitions. (line 46)
* name: Definitions. (line 51)
\1f
Tag Table:
-Node: Top\7f930
-Node: Introduction\7f2848
-Node: What is Bash?\7f3076
-Node: What is a shell?\7f4189
-Node: Definitions\7f6728
-Node: Basic Shell Features\7f9646
-Node: Shell Syntax\7f10865
-Node: Shell Operation\7f11895
-Node: Quoting\7f13189
-Node: Escape Character\7f14492
-Node: Single Quotes\7f14977
-Node: Double Quotes\7f15325
-Node: ANSI-C Quoting\7f16450
-Node: Locale Translation\7f17694
-Node: Comments\7f18590
-Node: Shell Commands\7f19208
-Node: Simple Commands\7f20080
-Node: Pipelines\7f20711
-Node: Lists\7f23449
-Node: Compound Commands\7f25178
-Node: Looping Constructs\7f26184
-Node: Conditional Constructs\7f28647
-Node: Command Grouping\7f39577
-Node: Coprocesses\7f41056
-Node: GNU Parallel\7f42889
-Node: Shell Functions\7f46875
-Node: Shell Parameters\7f51959
-Node: Positional Parameters\7f56088
-Node: Special Parameters\7f56988
-Node: Shell Expansions\7f60327
-Node: Brace Expansion\7f62270
-Node: Tilde Expansion\7f65051
-Node: Shell Parameter Expansion\7f67400
-Node: Command Substitution\7f79694
-Node: Arithmetic Expansion\7f81027
-Node: Process Substitution\7f81959
-Node: Word Splitting\7f83009
-Node: Filename Expansion\7f84657
-Node: Pattern Matching\7f86822
-Node: Quote Removal\7f90522
-Node: Redirections\7f90817
-Node: Executing Commands\7f99981
-Node: Simple Command Expansion\7f100651
-Node: Command Search and Execution\7f102581
-Node: Command Execution Environment\7f104918
-Node: Environment\7f107904
-Node: Exit Status\7f109563
-Node: Signals\7f111185
-Node: Shell Scripts\7f113153
-Node: Shell Builtin Commands\7f115671
-Node: Bourne Shell Builtins\7f117699
-Node: Bash Builtins\7f137606
-Node: Modifying Shell Behavior\7f165232
-Node: The Set Builtin\7f165577
-Node: The Shopt Builtin\7f175903
-Node: Special Builtins\7f190324
-Node: Shell Variables\7f191303
-Node: Bourne Shell Variables\7f191743
-Node: Bash Variables\7f193774
-Node: Bash Features\7f220649
-Node: Invoking Bash\7f221548
-Node: Bash Startup Files\7f227326
-Node: Interactive Shells\7f232355
-Node: What is an Interactive Shell?\7f232765
-Node: Is this Shell Interactive?\7f233414
-Node: Interactive Shell Behavior\7f234229
-Node: Bash Conditional Expressions\7f237517
-Node: Shell Arithmetic\7f241519
-Node: Aliases\7f244295
-Node: Arrays\7f246851
-Node: The Directory Stack\7f251832
-Node: Directory Stack Builtins\7f252551
-Node: Controlling the Prompt\7f255507
-Node: The Restricted Shell\7f258279
-Node: Bash POSIX Mode\7f260116
-Node: Job Control\7f269502
-Node: Job Control Basics\7f269962
-Node: Job Control Builtins\7f274681
-Node: Job Control Variables\7f279152
-Node: Command Line Editing\7f280310
-Node: Introduction and Notation\7f281982
-Node: Readline Interaction\7f283604
-Node: Readline Bare Essentials\7f284795
-Node: Readline Movement Commands\7f286584
-Node: Readline Killing Commands\7f287549
-Node: Readline Arguments\7f289469
-Node: Searching\7f290513
-Node: Readline Init File\7f292699
-Node: Readline Init File Syntax\7f293846
-Node: Conditional Init Constructs\7f310832
-Node: Sample Init File\7f313365
-Node: Bindable Readline Commands\7f316483
-Node: Commands For Moving\7f317690
-Node: Commands For History\7f318834
-Node: Commands For Text\7f323019
-Node: Commands For Killing\7f325948
-Node: Numeric Arguments\7f328405
-Node: Commands For Completion\7f329544
-Node: Keyboard Macros\7f333736
-Node: Miscellaneous Commands\7f334424
-Node: Readline vi Mode\7f340230
-Node: Programmable Completion\7f341137
-Node: Programmable Completion Builtins\7f348413
-Node: A Programmable Completion Example\7f358159
-Node: Using History Interactively\7f363409
-Node: Bash History Facilities\7f364093
-Node: Bash History Builtins\7f367092
-Node: History Interaction\7f371020
-Node: Event Designators\7f373725
-Node: Word Designators\7f374947
-Node: Modifiers\7f376586
-Node: Installing Bash\7f377990
-Node: Basic Installation\7f379127
-Node: Compilers and Options\7f381819
-Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures\7f382560
-Node: Installation Names\7f384224
-Node: Specifying the System Type\7f385042
-Node: Sharing Defaults\7f385758
-Node: Operation Controls\7f386431
-Node: Optional Features\7f387389
-Node: Reporting Bugs\7f397453
-Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell\7f398651
-Node: GNU Free Documentation License\7f415510
-Node: Indexes\7f440706
-Node: Builtin Index\7f441160
-Node: Reserved Word Index\7f447987
-Node: Variable Index\7f450435
-Node: Function Index\7f464615
-Node: Concept Index\7f471916
+Node: Top\7f932
+Node: Introduction\7f2852
+Node: What is Bash?\7f3080
+Node: What is a shell?\7f4193
+Node: Definitions\7f6732
+Node: Basic Shell Features\7f9650
+Node: Shell Syntax\7f10869
+Node: Shell Operation\7f11899
+Node: Quoting\7f13193
+Node: Escape Character\7f14496
+Node: Single Quotes\7f14981
+Node: Double Quotes\7f15329
+Node: ANSI-C Quoting\7f16454
+Node: Locale Translation\7f17698
+Node: Comments\7f18594
+Node: Shell Commands\7f19212
+Node: Simple Commands\7f20084
+Node: Pipelines\7f20715
+Node: Lists\7f23458
+Node: Compound Commands\7f25187
+Node: Looping Constructs\7f26193
+Node: Conditional Constructs\7f28656
+Node: Command Grouping\7f39586
+Node: Coprocesses\7f41065
+Node: GNU Parallel\7f42898
+Node: Shell Functions\7f46884
+Node: Shell Parameters\7f52092
+Node: Positional Parameters\7f56504
+Node: Special Parameters\7f57404
+Node: Shell Expansions\7f60743
+Node: Brace Expansion\7f62686
+Node: Tilde Expansion\7f65467
+Node: Shell Parameter Expansion\7f67816
+Node: Command Substitution\7f80110
+Node: Arithmetic Expansion\7f81443
+Node: Process Substitution\7f82375
+Node: Word Splitting\7f83425
+Node: Filename Expansion\7f85073
+Node: Pattern Matching\7f87238
+Node: Quote Removal\7f90938
+Node: Redirections\7f91233
+Node: Executing Commands\7f100397
+Node: Simple Command Expansion\7f101067
+Node: Command Search and Execution\7f102997
+Node: Command Execution Environment\7f105334
+Node: Environment\7f108320
+Node: Exit Status\7f109979
+Node: Signals\7f111649
+Node: Shell Scripts\7f113617
+Node: Shell Builtin Commands\7f116135
+Node: Bourne Shell Builtins\7f118162
+Node: Bash Builtins\7f138408
+Node: Modifying Shell Behavior\7f166232
+Node: The Set Builtin\7f166577
+Node: The Shopt Builtin\7f176904
+Node: Special Builtins\7f191345
+Node: Shell Variables\7f192324
+Node: Bourne Shell Variables\7f192764
+Node: Bash Variables\7f194795
+Node: Bash Features\7f221670
+Node: Invoking Bash\7f222569
+Node: Bash Startup Files\7f228516
+Node: Interactive Shells\7f233545
+Node: What is an Interactive Shell?\7f233955
+Node: Is this Shell Interactive?\7f234604
+Node: Interactive Shell Behavior\7f235419
+Node: Bash Conditional Expressions\7f238707
+Node: Shell Arithmetic\7f242709
+Node: Aliases\7f245485
+Node: Arrays\7f248032
+Node: The Directory Stack\7f253013
+Node: Directory Stack Builtins\7f253732
+Node: Controlling the Prompt\7f256688
+Node: The Restricted Shell\7f259460
+Node: Bash POSIX Mode\7f261297
+Node: Job Control\7f270851
+Node: Job Control Basics\7f271311
+Node: Job Control Builtins\7f276030
+Node: Job Control Variables\7f280501
+Node: Command Line Editing\7f281659
+Node: Introduction and Notation\7f283331
+Node: Readline Interaction\7f284953
+Node: Readline Bare Essentials\7f286144
+Node: Readline Movement Commands\7f287933
+Node: Readline Killing Commands\7f288898
+Node: Readline Arguments\7f290818
+Node: Searching\7f291862
+Node: Readline Init File\7f294048
+Node: Readline Init File Syntax\7f295195
+Node: Conditional Init Constructs\7f312404
+Node: Sample Init File\7f314937
+Node: Bindable Readline Commands\7f318055
+Node: Commands For Moving\7f319262
+Node: Commands For History\7f320406
+Node: Commands For Text\7f324702
+Node: Commands For Killing\7f327631
+Node: Numeric Arguments\7f330112
+Node: Commands For Completion\7f331251
+Node: Keyboard Macros\7f335443
+Node: Miscellaneous Commands\7f336131
+Node: Readline vi Mode\7f341937
+Node: Programmable Completion\7f342844
+Node: Programmable Completion Builtins\7f350120
+Node: A Programmable Completion Example\7f359866
+Node: Using History Interactively\7f365116
+Node: Bash History Facilities\7f365800
+Node: Bash History Builtins\7f368799
+Node: History Interaction\7f372727
+Node: Event Designators\7f375432
+Node: Word Designators\7f376654
+Node: Modifiers\7f378293
+Node: Installing Bash\7f379697
+Node: Basic Installation\7f380834
+Node: Compilers and Options\7f383526
+Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures\7f384267
+Node: Installation Names\7f385931
+Node: Specifying the System Type\7f386749
+Node: Sharing Defaults\7f387465
+Node: Operation Controls\7f388138
+Node: Optional Features\7f389096
+Node: Reporting Bugs\7f399159
+Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell\7f400357
+Node: GNU Free Documentation License\7f417216
+Node: Indexes\7f442412
+Node: Builtin Index\7f442866
+Node: Reserved Word Index\7f449693
+Node: Variable Index\7f452141
+Node: Function Index\7f466462
+Node: Concept Index\7f473763
\1f
End Tag Table
-This is TeX, Version 3.1415926 (TeX Live 2011/Fink) (format=tex 2012.4.18) 24 FEB 2014 08:28
+This is TeX, Version 3.1415926 (TeX Live 2011/Fink) (format=tex 2012.4.18) 15 SEP 2014 12:01
**/usr/homes/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi
(/usr/homes/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi (./texinfo.tex
Loading texinfo [version 2013-09-11.11]:
[16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30]
[31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] Chapter 4 [40] [41] [42] [43]
-[44] [45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50] [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] [57] [58]
-[59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64] [65] [66] [67] Chapter 5 [68] [69] [70] [71]
-[72] [73] [74] [75] [76] [77] [78] Chapter 6 [79]
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+[44] [45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50] [51] [52] [53]
+Overfull \hbox (26.76846pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 4184--4184
+ []@texttt mapfile [-d @textttsl de-lim@texttt ] [-n @textttsl count@texttt ] [
+-O @textttsl ori-gin@texttt ] [-s @textttsl count@texttt ] [-t] [-u @textttsl f
+d@texttt ][]
+
+@hbox(7.60416+2.43333)x433.62
+.@glue(@leftskip) 86.72375
+.@hbox(0.0+0.0)x0.0
+.@texttt m
+.@texttt a
+.@texttt p
+.etc.
+
+[54] [55]
+Overfull \hbox (38.26584pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 4383--4383
+ []@texttt readarray [-d @textttsl de-lim@texttt ] [-n @textttsl count@texttt ]
+ [-O @textttsl ori-gin@texttt ] [-s @textttsl count@texttt ] [-t] [-u @textttsl
+ fd@texttt ][]
+
+@hbox(7.60416+2.43333)x433.62
+.@glue(@leftskip) 86.72375
+.@hbox(0.0+0.0)x0.0
+.@texttt r
+.@texttt e
+.@texttt a
+.etc.
+
+[56] [57] [58] [59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64] [65] [66] [67] Chapter 5 [68]
+[69] [70] [71] [72] [73] [74] [75] [76] [77] [78] Chapter 6 [79]
+Overfull \hbox (49.43388pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 6018--6018
[]@texttt bash [long-opt] [-ir] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@t
exttt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar-
.etc.
-Overfull \hbox (72.42863pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 6004--6004
+Overfull \hbox (72.42863pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 6019--6019
[]@texttt bash [long-opt] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@texttt
] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] -c @textttsl string @texttt [@textttsl ar
-
.etc.
-Overfull \hbox (32.18782pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 6005--6005
+Overfull \hbox (32.18782pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 6020--6020
[]@texttt bash [long-opt] -s [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@text
tt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar-
(/usr/homes/chet/src/bash/src/lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi Chapter 8 [100]
[101] [102] [103] [104] [105] [106] [107] [108] [109]
-Underfull \hbox (badness 7540) in paragraph at lines 736--742
+Underfull \hbox (badness 7540) in paragraph at lines 742--748
[]@textrm In the above ex-am-ple, @textttsl C-u[] @textrm is bound to the func
-tion
.etc.
-Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 736--742
+Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 742--748
@texttt universal-argument[]@textrm , @textttsl M-DEL[] @textrm is bound to th
e func-tion
.etc.
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%%Page: 88 94
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%%Page: 96 102
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Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46 b Fb(78)2025 2471 y Fe(SHELLOPTS)9
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46 b Fb(78)2025 2598 y Fe(SHELLOPTS)9
b Fc(:)15 b(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)
-f(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(78)2025 2560 y Fe(SHLVL)21 b Fc(:)13
+f(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(78)2025 2685 y Fe(SHLVL)21 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46 b Fb(78)2025 2650 y Fe(show-all-if-ambiguous)11
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46 b Fb(78)2025 2772 y Fe(show-all-if-ambiguous)11
b Fc(:)18 b(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38 b Fb(109)2025 2740 y Fe
+(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38 b Fb(109)2025 2859 y Fe
(show-all-if-unmodified)8 b Fc(:)18 b(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)35 b
-Fb(109)2025 2830 y Fe(show-mode-in-prompt)16 b Fc(:)h(:)c(:)g(:)h(:)f
+Fb(109)2025 2947 y Fe(show-mode-in-prompt)16 b Fc(:)h(:)c(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)43 b Fb(109)2025 2919 y Fe(skip-completed-text)16
+g(:)43 b Fb(109)2025 3034 y Fe(skip-completed-text)16
b Fc(:)h(:)c(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)43 b Fb(109)2025 3184 y Fs(T)2025
-3306 y Fe(TEXTDOMAIN)9 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)43 b Fb(109)2025 3286 y Fs(T)2025
+3402 y Fe(TEXTDOMAIN)9 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)36 b Fb(7)2025 3395
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)36 b Fb(7)2025 3489
y Fe(TEXTDOMAINDIR)21 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)46 b Fb(7)2025 3485 y Fe(TIMEFORMAT)7
+g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)46 b Fb(7)2025 3577 y Fe(TIMEFORMAT)7
b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)h(:)33 b Fb(78)2025 3575 y Fe(TMOUT)21 b Fc(:)13
+g(:)h(:)33 b Fb(78)2025 3664 y Fe(TMOUT)21 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46 b Fb(79)2025 3665 y Fe(TMPDIR)17
+g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)46 b Fb(79)2025 3751 y Fe(TMPDIR)17
b Fc(:)d(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(79)2025 3911 y Fs(U)2025
-4032 y Fe(UID)8 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(79)2025 3984 y Fs(U)2025
+4101 y Fe(UID)8 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)34
-b Fb(79)2025 4279 y Fs(V)2025 4400 y Fe(visible-stats)14
+b Fb(79)2025 4334 y Fs(V)2025 4450 y Fe(visible-stats)14
b Fc(:)i(:)d(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)41
-b Fb(109)150 4649 y Fs(D.4)68 b(F)-11 b(unction)44 b(Index)150
-4886 y(A)150 5010 y Fe(abort)27 b(\(C-g\))9 b Fc(:)14
+b Fb(109)150 4683 y Fs(D.4)68 b(F)-11 b(unction)44 b(Index)150
+4919 y(A)150 5042 y Fe(abort)27 b(\(C-g\))9 b Fc(:)14
b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36
-b Fb(122)150 5102 y Fe(accept-line)28 b(\(Newline)g(or)e(Return\))e
+b Fb(122)150 5132 y Fe(accept-line)28 b(\(Newline)g(or)e(Return\))e
Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)50 b
-Fb(116)150 5193 y Fe(alias-expand-line)29 b(\(\))21 b
+Fb(116)150 5222 y Fe(alias-expand-line)29 b(\(\))21 b
Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
-(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(124)2025 4886 y Fs(B)2025
-5033 y Fe(backward-char)28 b(\(C-b\))c Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
+(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47 b Fb(124)2025 4919 y Fs(B)2025
+5053 y Fe(backward-char)28 b(\(C-b\))c Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)50
-b Fb(115)2025 5135 y Fe(backward-delete-char)30 b(\(Rubout\))14
+b Fb(115)2025 5148 y Fe(backward-delete-char)30 b(\(Rubout\))14
b Fc(:)h(:)e(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)41
-b Fb(117)2025 5238 y Fe(backward-kill-line)29 b(\(C-x)e(Rubout\))16
+b Fb(117)2025 5244 y Fe(backward-kill-line)29 b(\(C-x)e(Rubout\))16
b Fc(:)f(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)43 b Fb(118)2025
5340 y Fe(backward-kill-word)29 b(\(M-DEL\))24 b Fc(:)13
b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)49
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)38
b Fb(102)2025 4043 y(en)n(vironmen)n(t)12 b Fc(:)g(:)h(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(37)2025
+g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)39 b Fb(38)2025
4133 y(ev)l(aluation,)26 b(arithmetic)e Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)
g(:)49 b Fb(87)2025 4224 y(ev)n(en)n(t)24 b(designators)14
g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)41 b
Fb(135)2025 4314 y(execution)25 b(en)n(vironmen)n(t)11
b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)37 b Fb(36)2025 4405
+h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)37 b Fb(37)2025 4405
y(exit)25 b(status)18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)45 b Fb(3,)26 b(38)2025 4495 y(expansion)20
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)45
b Fb(101)150 2192 y(in)n(teractiv)n(e)26 b(shell)14 b
Fc(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f
-(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)41 b Fb(81,)26
+(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)41 b Fb(82,)26
b(83)150 2279 y(in)n(ternationalization)14 b Fc(:)h(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)41 b Fb(7)150 2512 y Fs(J)150 2628
(:)f(:)g(:)41 b Fb(7)150 3621 y(login)27 b(shell)17 b
Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
-g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(81)150 3871 y Fs(M)150 3987 y Fb(matc)n(hing,)26
+g(:)g(:)44 b Fb(82)150 3871 y Fs(M)150 3987 y Fb(matc)n(hing,)26
b(pattern)20 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)47
b Fb(30)150 4074 y(metac)n(haracter)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)43 b Fb(18)2025
299 y(parameters,)27 b(p)r(ositional)18 b Fc(:)d(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h
-(:)44 b Fb(19)2025 387 y(parameters,)27 b(sp)r(ecial)18
+(:)44 b Fb(20)2025 387 y(parameters,)27 b(sp)r(ecial)18
b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)44 b Fb(20)2025
474 y(pathname)25 b(expansion)12 b Fc(:)h(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
b Fb(100)2025 2179 y(redirection)7 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)33 b
-Fb(31)2025 2267 y(reserv)n(ed)25 b(w)n(ord)7 b Fc(:)14
+Fb(32)2025 2267 y(reserv)n(ed)25 b(w)n(ord)7 b Fc(:)14
b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)34
b Fb(3)2025 2355 y(restricted)26 b(shell)8 b Fc(:)14
(:)g(:)34 b Fb(4)2025 3322 y(signal)27 b(handling)17
b Fc(:)c(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)44
-b Fb(38)2025 3410 y(sp)r(ecial)27 b(builtin)10 b Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
+b Fb(39)2025 3410 y(sp)r(ecial)27 b(builtin)10 b Fc(:)j(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g
(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)
g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(4,)26 b(68)2025
3498 y(startup)f(\014les)d Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)
An additional binary operator, @samp{=~}, is available, with the same
precedence as @samp{==} and @samp{!=}.
When it is used, the string to the right of the operator is considered
-an extended regular expression and matched accordingly (as in @i{regex}3)).
+an extended regular expression and matched accordingly (as in @i{regex}3)).
The return value is 0 if the string matches
the pattern, and 1 otherwise.
If the regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional
In contexts where it is performed, those words
are subject to further word splitting and pathname expansion.
When the expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a single word
-with the value of each parameter separated by the first character
-of the @env{IFS}
-special variable. That is, @code{"$*"} is equivalent
+with the value of each parameter separated by the first character of the
+@env{IFS} special variable. That is, @code{"$*"} is equivalent
to @code{"$1@var{c}$2@var{c}@dots{}"}, where @var{c}
is the first character of the value of the @code{IFS}
variable.
@end itemize
A command invoked in this separate environment cannot affect the
-shell's execution environment.
+shell's execution environment.
Command substitution, commands grouped with parentheses,
and asynchronous commands are invoked in a
If Bash is waiting for a command to complete and receives a signal
for which a trap has been set, the trap will not be executed until
-the command completes.
+the command completes.
When Bash is waiting for an asynchronous
command via the @code{wait} builtin, the reception of a signal for
which a trap has been set will cause the @code{wait} builtin to return
the Bourne Shell, as well as the builtin commands which are unique
to or have been extended in Bash.
-Several builtin commands are described in other chapters: builtin
+Several builtin commands are described in other chapters: builtin
commands which provide the Bash interface to the job control
facilities (@pxref{Job Control Builtins}), the directory stack
(@pxref{Directory Stack Builtins}), the command history
@item 4 arguments
If the first argument is @samp{!}, the result is the negation of
the three-argument expression composed of the remaining arguments.
-Otherwise, the expression is parsed and evaluated according to
+Otherwise, the expression is parsed and evaluated according to
precedence using the rules listed above.
@item 5 or more arguments
If a @var{sigspec} is @code{ERR}, the command @var{arg}
is executed whenever
a pipeline (which may consist of a single simple
-command), a list, or a compound command returns a
+command), a list, or a compound command returns a
non-zero exit status,
subject to the following conditions.
The @code{ERR} trap is not executed if the failed command is part of the
Without @var{expr}, @code{caller} displays the line number and source
filename of the current subroutine call.
-If a non-negative integer is supplied as @var{expr}, @code{caller}
+If a non-negative integer is supplied as @var{expr}, @code{caller}
displays the line number, subroutine name, and source file corresponding
to that position in the current execution call stack. This extra
information may be used, for example, to print a stack trace. The
Specify the number of lines read between each call to @var{callback}.
@end table
-If @option{-C} is specified without @option{-c},
+If @option{-C} is specified without @option{-c},
the default quantum is 5000.
When @var{callback} is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next
array element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that element
as additional arguments.
-@var{callback} is evaluated after the line is read but before the
+@var{callback} is evaluated after the line is read but before the
array element is assigned.
If not supplied with an explicit origin, @code{mapfile} will clear @var{array}
containing its exit status.
@item -n
-Read commands but do not execute them; this may be used to check a
-script for syntax errors.
+Read commands but do not execute them.
+This may be used to check a script for syntax errors.
This option is ignored by interactive shells.
@item -o @var{option-name}
descriptions (@pxref{Bash Variables}).
@item
-Function tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
+Function tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
subshells invoked with @code{( @var{command} )} inherit the
@code{DEBUG} and @code{RETURN} traps.
@item
-Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
+Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
subshells invoked with @code{( @var{command} )} inherit the
@code{ERR} trap.
@end enumerate
The value may not be changed.
@item mailwarn
-If set, and a file that Bash is checking for mail has been
+If set, and a file that Bash is checking for mail has been
accessed since the last time it was checked, the message
@code{"The mail in @var{mailfile} has been read"} is displayed.
referencing with a subscript of 0.
If the @var{subscript}
used to reference an element of an indexed array
-evaluates to a number less than zero, it is
+evaluates to a number less than zero, it is
interpreted as relative to one greater than the maximum index of the array,
so negative indices count back from the end of the array,
and an index of -1 refers to the last element.
@numsubsecentry{GNU Parallel}{3.2.6}{GNU Parallel}{15}
@numsecentry{Shell Functions}{3.3}{Shell Functions}{17}
@numsecentry{Shell Parameters}{3.4}{Shell Parameters}{18}
-@numsubsecentry{Positional Parameters}{3.4.1}{Positional Parameters}{19}
+@numsubsecentry{Positional Parameters}{3.4.1}{Positional Parameters}{20}
@numsubsecentry{Special Parameters}{3.4.2}{Special Parameters}{20}
@numsecentry{Shell Expansions}{3.5}{Shell Expansions}{21}
@numsubsecentry{Brace Expansion}{3.5.1}{Brace Expansion}{21}
@numsubsecentry{Word Splitting}{3.5.7}{Word Splitting}{29}
@numsubsecentry{Filename Expansion}{3.5.8}{Filename Expansion}{30}
@numsubsubsecentry{Pattern Matching}{3.5.8.1}{Pattern Matching}{30}
-@numsubsecentry{Quote Removal}{3.5.9}{Quote Removal}{31}
-@numsecentry{Redirections}{3.6}{Redirections}{31}
+@numsubsecentry{Quote Removal}{3.5.9}{Quote Removal}{32}
+@numsecentry{Redirections}{3.6}{Redirections}{32}
@numsubsecentry{Redirecting Input}{3.6.1}{}{33}
@numsubsecentry{Redirecting Output}{3.6.2}{}{33}
@numsubsecentry{Appending Redirected Output}{3.6.3}{}{33}
@numsubsecentry{Appending Standard Output and Standard Error}{3.6.5}{}{34}
@numsubsecentry{Here Documents}{3.6.6}{}{34}
@numsubsecentry{Here Strings}{3.6.7}{}{34}
-@numsubsecentry{Duplicating File Descriptors}{3.6.8}{}{34}
+@numsubsecentry{Duplicating File Descriptors}{3.6.8}{}{35}
@numsubsecentry{Moving File Descriptors}{3.6.9}{}{35}
@numsubsecentry{Opening File Descriptors for Reading and Writing}{3.6.10}{}{35}
@numsecentry{Executing Commands}{3.7}{Executing Commands}{35}
@numsubsecentry{Simple Command Expansion}{3.7.1}{Simple Command Expansion}{35}
@numsubsecentry{Command Search and Execution}{3.7.2}{Command Search and Execution}{36}
-@numsubsecentry{Command Execution Environment}{3.7.3}{Command Execution Environment}{36}
-@numsubsecentry{Environment}{3.7.4}{Environment}{37}
+@numsubsecentry{Command Execution Environment}{3.7.3}{Command Execution Environment}{37}
+@numsubsecentry{Environment}{3.7.4}{Environment}{38}
@numsubsecentry{Exit Status}{3.7.5}{Exit Status}{38}
-@numsubsecentry{Signals}{3.7.6}{Signals}{38}
+@numsubsecentry{Signals}{3.7.6}{Signals}{39}
@numsecentry{Shell Scripts}{3.8}{Shell Scripts}{39}
@numchapentry{Shell Builtin Commands}{4}{Shell Builtin Commands}{41}
@numsecentry{Bourne Shell Builtins}{4.1}{Bourne Shell Builtins}{41}
@numsecentry{Bash Builtin Commands}{4.2}{Bash Builtins}{48}
@numsecentry{Modifying Shell Behavior}{4.3}{Modifying Shell Behavior}{58}
-@numsubsecentry{The Set Builtin}{4.3.1}{The Set Builtin}{58}
-@numsubsecentry{The Shopt Builtin}{4.3.2}{The Shopt Builtin}{62}
+@numsubsecentry{The Set Builtin}{4.3.1}{The Set Builtin}{59}
+@numsubsecentry{The Shopt Builtin}{4.3.2}{The Shopt Builtin}{63}
@numsecentry{Special Builtins}{4.4}{Special Builtins}{68}
@numchapentry{Shell Variables}{5}{Shell Variables}{69}
@numsecentry{Bourne Shell Variables}{5.1}{Bourne Shell Variables}{69}
@numsecentry{Invoking Bash}{6.1}{Invoking Bash}{80}
@numsecentry{Bash Startup Files}{6.2}{Bash Startup Files}{82}
@numsecentry{Interactive Shells}{6.3}{Interactive Shells}{83}
-@numsubsecentry{What is an Interactive Shell?}{6.3.1}{What is an Interactive Shell?}{83}
+@numsubsecentry{What is an Interactive Shell?}{6.3.1}{What is an Interactive Shell?}{84}
@numsubsecentry{Is this Shell Interactive?}{6.3.2}{Is this Shell Interactive?}{84}
@numsubsecentry{Interactive Shell Behavior}{6.3.3}{Interactive Shell Behavior}{84}
@numsecentry{Bash Conditional Expressions}{6.4}{Bash Conditional Expressions}{85}
@numsecentry{Aliases}{6.6}{Aliases}{88}
@numsecentry{Arrays}{6.7}{Arrays}{89}
@numsecentry{The Directory Stack}{6.8}{The Directory Stack}{90}
-@numsubsecentry{Directory Stack Builtins}{6.8.1}{Directory Stack Builtins}{90}
+@numsubsecentry{Directory Stack Builtins}{6.8.1}{Directory Stack Builtins}{91}
@numsecentry{Controlling the Prompt}{6.9}{Controlling the Prompt}{92}
@numsecentry{The Restricted Shell}{6.10}{The Restricted Shell}{93}
@numsecentry{Bash POSIX Mode}{6.11}{Bash POSIX Mode}{94}
\entry{$$}{20}{\code {$$}}
\entry{!}{20}{\code {!}}
\entry{$!}{20}{\code {$!}}
-\entry{0}{20}{\code {0}}
-\entry{$0}{20}{\code {$0}}
-\entry{_}{20}{\code {_}}
-\entry{$_}{20}{\code {$_}}
+\entry{0}{21}{\code {0}}
+\entry{$0}{21}{\code {$0}}
+\entry{_}{21}{\code {_}}
+\entry{$_}{21}{\code {$_}}
\entry{CDPATH}{69}{\code {CDPATH}}
\entry{HOME}{69}{\code {HOME}}
\entry{IFS}{69}{\code {IFS}}
\entry{auto_resume}{100}{\code {auto_resume}}
\entry{bell-style}{105}{\code {bell-style}}
\entry{bind-tty-special-chars}{105}{\code {bind-tty-special-chars}}
+\entry{blink-matching-paren}{105}{\code {blink-matching-paren}}
\entry{colored-stats}{105}{\code {colored-stats}}
\entry{comment-begin}{105}{\code {comment-begin}}
\entry{completion-display-width}{105}{\code {completion-display-width}}
\entry{completion-ignore-case}{105}{\code {completion-ignore-case}}
-\entry{completion-map-case}{105}{\code {completion-map-case}}
+\entry{completion-map-case}{106}{\code {completion-map-case}}
\entry{completion-prefix-display-length}{106}{\code {completion-prefix-display-length}}
\entry{completion-query-items}{106}{\code {completion-query-items}}
\entry{convert-meta}{106}{\code {convert-meta}}
\entry{disable-completion}{106}{\code {disable-completion}}
\entry{editing-mode}{106}{\code {editing-mode}}
\entry{enable-keypad}{106}{\code {enable-keypad}}
-\entry{expand-tilde}{106}{\code {expand-tilde}}
+\entry{expand-tilde}{107}{\code {expand-tilde}}
\entry{history-preserve-point}{107}{\code {history-preserve-point}}
\entry{history-size}{107}{\code {history-size}}
\entry{horizontal-scroll-mode}{107}{\code {horizontal-scroll-mode}}
\entry {\code {$-}}{20}
\entry {\code {$?}}{20}
\entry {\code {$@}}{20}
-\entry {\code {$_}}{20}
-\entry {\code {$0}}{20}
+\entry {\code {$_}}{21}
+\entry {\code {$0}}{21}
\initial {*}
\entry {\code {*}}{20}
\initial {-}
\initial {@}
\entry {\code {@}}{20}
\initial {_}
-\entry {\code {_}}{20}
+\entry {\code {_}}{21}
\initial {0}
-\entry {\code {0}}{20}
+\entry {\code {0}}{21}
\initial {A}
\entry {\code {auto_resume}}{100}
\initial {B}
\entry {\code {BASHPID}}{70}
\entry {\code {bell-style}}{105}
\entry {\code {bind-tty-special-chars}}{105}
+\entry {\code {blink-matching-paren}}{105}
\initial {C}
\entry {\code {CDPATH}}{69}
\entry {\code {CHILD_MAX}}{72}
\entry {\code {COMP_WORDS}}{73}
\entry {\code {completion-display-width}}{105}
\entry {\code {completion-ignore-case}}{105}
-\entry {\code {completion-map-case}}{105}
+\entry {\code {completion-map-case}}{106}
\entry {\code {completion-prefix-display-length}}{106}
\entry {\code {completion-query-items}}{106}
\entry {\code {COMPREPLY}}{73}
\entry {\code {enable-keypad}}{106}
\entry {\code {ENV}}{73}
\entry {\code {EUID}}{73}
-\entry {\code {expand-tilde}}{106}
+\entry {\code {expand-tilde}}{107}
\initial {F}
\entry {\code {FCEDIT}}{73}
\entry {\code {FIGNORE}}{74}
A\bAl\bli\bia\bas\bs with no arguments or with the -\b-p\bp option prints the list of
aliases in the form a\bal\bli\bia\bas\bs _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be=_\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be on standard output. When
arguments are supplied, an alias is defined for each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be whose
- _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is given. A trailing space in _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be causes the next word
+ _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is given. A trailing space in _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be causes the next word
to be checked for alias substitution when the alias is expanded.
For each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be in the argument list for which no _\bv_\ba_\bl_\bu_\be is sup-
plied, the name and value of the alias is printed. A\bAl\bli\bia\bas\bs
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd [-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp] -\b-f\bf _\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd [-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp] -\b-x\bx _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq:_\bs_\bh_\be_\bl_\bl_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd
b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd [-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp] _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq:_\bf_\bu_\bn_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b-_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
- b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd _\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd
+ b\bbi\bin\bnd\bd [-\b-m\bm _\bk_\be_\by_\bm_\ba_\bp] _\bk_\be_\by_\bs_\be_\bq:_\br_\be_\ba_\bd_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be_\b-_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd
Display current r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be key and function bindings, bind a key
sequence to a r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be function or macro, or set a r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be
variable. Each non-option argument is a command as it would
directory names in C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are separated by a colon (:). A null
directory name in C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is the same as the current directory,
i.e., ``.\b.''. If _\bd_\bi_\br begins with a slash (/), then C\bCD\bDP\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH is not
- used. The -\b-P\bP option causes c\bcd\bd to use the physical directory
+ used. The -\b-P\bP option causes c\bcd\bd to use the physical directory
structure by resolving symbolic links while traversing _\bd_\bi_\br and
before processing instances of _\b._\b. in _\bd_\bi_\br (see also the -\b-P\bP option
to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command); the -\b-L\bL option forces symbolic links
c\bco\bom\bmm\bma\ban\bnd\bd [-\b-p\bpV\bVv\bv] _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd [_\ba_\br_\bg ...]
Run _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd with _\ba_\br_\bg_\bs suppressing the normal shell function
- lookup. Only builtin commands or commands found in the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are
+ lookup. Only builtin commands or commands found in the P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH are
executed. If the -\b-p\bp option is given, the search for _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd is
performed using a default value for P\bPA\bAT\bTH\bH that is guaranteed to
find all of the standard utilities. If either the -\b-V\bV or -\b-v\bv
attribute is disabled.
-\b-n\bn Give each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\br_\be_\bf attribute, making it a name
reference to another variable. That other variable is
- defined by the value of _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. All references and assign-
- ments to _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, except for changing the -\b-n\bn attribute
- itself, are performed on the variable referenced by
- _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be's value. The -\b-n\bn attribute cannot be applied to
- array variables.
+ defined by the value of _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. All references, assign-
+ ments, and attribute modifications to _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, except for
+ changing the -\b-n\bn attribute itself, are performed on the
+ variable referenced by _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be's value. The nameref
+ attribute cannot be applied to array variables.
-\b-r\br Make _\bn_\ba_\bm_\bes readonly. These names cannot then be assigned
values by subsequent assignment statements or unset.
-\b-t\bt Give each _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be the _\bt_\br_\ba_\bc_\be attribute. Traced functions
l\blo\bog\bgo\bou\but\bt Exit a login shell.
- m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]
- [-\b-c\bc _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm] [_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by]
- r\bre\bea\bad\bda\bar\brr\bra\bay\by [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk]
- [-\b-c\bc _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm] [_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by]
+ m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be [-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm] [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC
+ _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk] [-\b-c\bc _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm] [_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by]
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bda\bar\brr\bra\bay\by [-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm] [-\b-n\bn _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-O\bO _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn] [-\b-s\bs _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt] [-\b-t\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [-\b-C\bC
+ _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk] [-\b-c\bc _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm] [_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by]
Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array vari-
able _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by, or from file descriptor _\bf_\bd if the -\b-u\bu option is sup-
plied. The variable M\bMA\bAP\bPF\bFI\bIL\bLE\bE is the default _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by. Options, if
supplied, have the following meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Copy at most _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines. If _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt is 0, all lines are
+ -\b-d\bd The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is used to terminate each
+ input line, rather than newline.
+ -\b-n\bn Copy at most _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines. If _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt is 0, all lines are
copied.
- -\b-O\bO Begin assigning to _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by at index _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn. The default
+ -\b-O\bO Begin assigning to _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by at index _\bo_\br_\bi_\bg_\bi_\bn. The default
index is 0.
-\b-s\bs Discard the first _\bc_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bt lines read.
-\b-t\bt Remove a trailing newline from each line read.
- -\b-u\bu Read lines from file descriptor _\bf_\bd instead of the stan-
+ -\b-u\bu Read lines from file descriptor _\bf_\bd instead of the stan-
dard input.
- -\b-C\bC Evaluate _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk each time _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm lines are read. The
+ -\b-C\bC Evaluate _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk each time _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm lines are read. The
-\b-c\bc option specifies _\bq_\bu_\ba_\bn_\bt_\bu_\bm.
- -\b-c\bc Specify the number of lines read between each call to
+ -\b-c\bc Specify the number of lines read between each call to
_\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk.
- If -\b-C\bC is specified without -\b-c\bc, the default quantum is 5000.
+ If -\b-C\bC is specified without -\b-c\bc, the default quantum is 5000.
When _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next
array element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that
- element as additional arguments. _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated after
+ element as additional arguments. _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bl_\bb_\ba_\bc_\bk is evaluated after
the line is read but before the array element is assigned.
- If not supplied with an explicit origin, m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be will clear
+ If not supplied with an explicit origin, m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be will clear
_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by before assigning to it.
- m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
- argument is supplied, _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by is invalid or unassignable, or if
+ m\bma\bap\bpf\bfi\bil\ble\be returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
+ argument is supplied, _\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by is invalid or unassignable, or if
_\ba_\br_\br_\ba_\by is not an indexed array.
p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd [-n\bn] [+_\bn] [-_\bn]
- Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,
- removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a c\bcd\bd to
+ Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments,
+ removes the top directory from the stack, and performs a c\bcd\bd to
the new top directory. Arguments, if supplied, have the follow-
ing meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
- directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
+ -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
+ directories from the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
- +\b+_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
- shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+ +\b+_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the left of the list
+ shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+0'' removes the first directory, ``popd +1'' the second.
-\b-_\bn Removes the _\bnth entry counting from the right of the list
- shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
- -0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to
+ shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with zero. For example: ``popd
+ -0'' removes the last directory, ``popd -1'' the next to
last.
- If the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well,
- and the return status is 0. p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd returns false if an invalid
+ If the p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well,
+ and the return status is 0. p\bpo\bop\bpd\bd returns false if an invalid
option is encountered, the directory stack is empty, a non-exis-
tent directory stack entry is specified, or the directory change
fails.
p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf [-\b-v\bv _\bv_\ba_\br] _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt [_\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs]
- Write the formatted _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs to the standard output under the
- control of the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt. The -\b-v\bv option causes the output to be
- assigned to the variable _\bv_\ba_\br rather than being printed to the
+ Write the formatted _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs to the standard output under the
+ control of the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt. The -\b-v\bv option causes the output to be
+ assigned to the variable _\bv_\ba_\br rather than being printed to the
standard output.
- The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is a character string which contains three types of
- objects: plain characters, which are simply copied to standard
- output, character escape sequences, which are converted and
- copied to the standard output, and format specifications, each
- of which causes printing of the next successive _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt. In
+ The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is a character string which contains three types of
+ objects: plain characters, which are simply copied to standard
+ output, character escape sequences, which are converted and
+ copied to the standard output, and format specifications, each
+ of which causes printing of the next successive _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt. In
addition to the standard _\bp_\br_\bi_\bn_\bt_\bf(1) format specifications, p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf
interprets the following extensions:
%\b%b\bb causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to expand backslash escape sequences in the
corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt (except that \\b\c\bc terminates output,
- backslashes in \\b\'\b', \\b\"\b", and \\b\?\b? are not removed, and octal
+ backslashes in \\b\'\b', \\b\"\b", and \\b\?\b? are not removed, and octal
escapes beginning with \\b\0\b0 may contain up to four digits).
- %\b%q\bq causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt in a
+ %\b%q\bq causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt in a
format that can be reused as shell input.
%\b%(\b(_\bd_\ba_\bt_\be_\bf_\bm_\bt)\b)T\bT
- causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the date-time string resulting
- from using _\bd_\ba_\bt_\be_\bf_\bm_\bt as a format string for _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3).
+ causes p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf to output the date-time string resulting
+ from using _\bd_\ba_\bt_\be_\bf_\bm_\bt as a format string for _\bs_\bt_\br_\bf_\bt_\bi_\bm_\be(3).
The corresponding _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt is an integer representing the
- number of seconds since the epoch. Two special argument
- values may be used: -1 represents the current time, and
- -2 represents the time the shell was invoked. If no
- argument is specified, conversion behaves as if -1 had
- been given. This is an exception to the usual p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf
+ number of seconds since the epoch. Two special argument
+ values may be used: -1 represents the current time, and
+ -2 represents the time the shell was invoked. If no
+ argument is specified, conversion behaves as if -1 had
+ been given. This is an exception to the usual p\bpr\bri\bin\bnt\btf\bf
behavior.
- Arguments to non-string format specifiers are treated as C con-
+ Arguments to non-string format specifiers are treated as C con-
stants, except that a leading plus or minus sign is allowed, and
- if the leading character is a single or double quote, the value
+ if the leading character is a single or double quote, the value
is the ASCII value of the following character.
- The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is reused as necessary to consume all of the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
+ The _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt is reused as necessary to consume all of the _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\b-
_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs. If the _\bf_\bo_\br_\bm_\ba_\bt requires more _\ba_\br_\bg_\bu_\bm_\be_\bn_\bt_\bs than are supplied,
- the extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or
- null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
+ the extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or
+ null string, as appropriate, had been supplied. The return
value is zero on success, non-zero on failure.
p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd [-\b-n\bn] [+_\bn] [-_\bn]
p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd [-\b-n\bn] [_\bd_\bi_\br]
- Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
- the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
+ Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
+ the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories
- and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty. Arguments,
+ and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty. Arguments,
if supplied, have the following meanings:
- -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
- directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
+ -\b-n\bn Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
+ directories to the stack, so that only the stack is
manipulated.
- +\b+_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
- from the left of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
+ +\b+_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
+ from the left of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
zero) is at the top.
- -\b-_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
- from the right of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
+ -\b-_\bn Rotates the stack so that the _\bnth directory (counting
+ from the right of the list shown by d\bdi\bir\brs\bs, starting with
zero) is at the top.
_\bd_\bi_\br Adds _\bd_\bi_\br to the directory stack at the top, making it the
- new current working directory as if it had been supplied
+ new current working directory as if it had been supplied
as the argument to the c\bcd\bd builtin.
If the p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd command is successful, a d\bdi\bir\brs\bs is performed as well.
- If the first form is used, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the cd to _\bd_\bi_\br
- fails. With the second form, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the direc-
- tory stack is empty, a non-existent directory stack element is
- specified, or the directory change to the specified new current
+ If the first form is used, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the cd to _\bd_\bi_\br
+ fails. With the second form, p\bpu\bus\bsh\bhd\bd returns 0 unless the direc-
+ tory stack is empty, a non-existent directory stack element is
+ specified, or the directory change to the specified new current
directory fails.
p\bpw\bwd\bd [-\b-L\bLP\bP]
- Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
+ Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
The pathname printed contains no symbolic links if the -\b-P\bP option
is supplied or the -\b-o\bo p\bph\bhy\bys\bsi\bic\bca\bal\bl option to the s\bse\bet\bt builtin command
- is enabled. If the -\b-L\bL option is used, the pathname printed may
- contain symbolic links. The return status is 0 unless an error
- occurs while reading the name of the current directory or an
+ is enabled. If the -\b-L\bL option is used, the pathname printed may
+ contain symbolic links. The return status is 0 unless an error
+ occurs while reading the name of the current directory or an
invalid option is supplied.
r\bre\bea\bad\bd [-\b-e\ber\brs\bs] [-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be] [-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm] [-\b-i\bi _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt] [-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs] [-\b-N\bN _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs] [-\b-p\bp
_\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt] [-\b-t\bt _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt] [-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be ...]
- One line is read from the standard input, or from the file
- descriptor _\bf_\bd supplied as an argument to the -\b-u\bu option, and the
+ One line is read from the standard input, or from the file
+ descriptor _\bf_\bd supplied as an argument to the -\b-u\bu option, and the
first word is assigned to the first _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, the second word to the
- second _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and so on, with leftover words and their interven-
- ing separators assigned to the last _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If there are fewer
+ second _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be, and so on, with leftover words and their interven-
+ ing separators assigned to the last _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If there are fewer
words read from the input stream than names, the remaining names
- are assigned empty values. The characters in I\bIF\bFS\bS are used to
- split the line into words using the same rules the shell uses
+ are assigned empty values. The characters in I\bIF\bFS\bS are used to
+ split the line into words using the same rules the shell uses
for expansion (described above under W\bWo\bor\brd\bd S\bSp\bpl\bli\bit\btt\bti\bin\bng\bg). The back-
- slash character (\\b\) may be used to remove any special meaning
+ slash character (\\b\) may be used to remove any special meaning
for the next character read and for line continuation. Options,
if supplied, have the following meanings:
-\b-a\ba _\ba_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be
new values are assigned. Other _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are
ignored.
-\b-d\bd _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm
- The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is used to terminate the
+ The first character of _\bd_\be_\bl_\bi_\bm is used to terminate the
input line, rather than newline.
-\b-e\be If the standard input is coming from a terminal, r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be
- (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE above) is used to obtain the line. Read-
- line uses the current (or default, if line editing was
+ (see R\bRE\bEA\bAD\bDL\bLI\bIN\bNE\bE above) is used to obtain the line. Read-
+ line uses the current (or default, if line editing was
not previously active) editing settings.
-\b-i\bi _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt
- If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used to read the line, _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt is
+ If r\bre\bea\bad\bdl\bli\bin\bne\be is being used to read the line, _\bt_\be_\bx_\bt is
placed into the editing buffer before editing begins.
-\b-n\bn _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs
- r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters rather than
- waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a delim-
- iter if fewer than _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters are read before the
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters rather than
+ waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a delim-
+ iter if fewer than _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters are read before the
delimiter.
-\b-N\bN _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs
- r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading exactly _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters
- rather than waiting for a complete line of input, unless
- EOF is encountered or r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out. Delimiter charac-
- ters encountered in the input are not treated specially
- and do not cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to return until _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters
+ r\bre\bea\bad\bd returns after reading exactly _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters
+ rather than waiting for a complete line of input, unless
+ EOF is encountered or r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out. Delimiter charac-
+ ters encountered in the input are not treated specially
+ and do not cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to return until _\bn_\bc_\bh_\ba_\br_\bs characters
are read.
-\b-p\bp _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt
Display _\bp_\br_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bt on standard error, without a trailing new-
line, before attempting to read any input. The prompt is
displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.
-\b-r\br Backslash does not act as an escape character. The back-
- slash is considered to be part of the line. In particu-
- lar, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
+ slash is considered to be part of the line. In particu-
+ lar, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
continuation.
-\b-s\bs Silent mode. If input is coming from a terminal, charac-
ters are not echoed.
-\b-t\bt _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt
- Cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to time out and return failure if a complete
- line of input (or a specified number of characters) is
- not read within _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt seconds. _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt may be a deci-
- mal number with a fractional portion following the deci-
- mal point. This option is only effective if r\bre\bea\bad\bd is
- reading input from a terminal, pipe, or other special
- file; it has no effect when reading from regular files.
+ Cause r\bre\bea\bad\bd to time out and return failure if a complete
+ line of input (or a specified number of characters) is
+ not read within _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt seconds. _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt may be a deci-
+ mal number with a fractional portion following the deci-
+ mal point. This option is only effective if r\bre\bea\bad\bd is
+ reading input from a terminal, pipe, or other special
+ file; it has no effect when reading from regular files.
If r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out, r\bre\bea\bad\bd saves any partial input read into
- the specified variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt is 0, r\bre\bea\bad\bd
- returns immediately, without trying to read any data.
- The exit status is 0 if input is available on the speci-
- fied file descriptor, non-zero otherwise. The exit sta-
+ the specified variable _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be. If _\bt_\bi_\bm_\be_\bo_\bu_\bt is 0, r\bre\bea\bad\bd
+ returns immediately, without trying to read any data.
+ The exit status is 0 if input is available on the speci-
+ fied file descriptor, non-zero otherwise. The exit sta-
tus is greater than 128 if the timeout is exceeded.
-\b-u\bu _\bf_\bd Read input from file descriptor _\bf_\bd.
If no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are supplied, the line read is assigned to the vari-
- able R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is
- encountered, r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out (in which case the return code is
- greater than 128), a variable assignment error (such as assign-
- ing to a readonly variable) occurs, or an invalid file descrip-
+ able R\bRE\bEP\bPL\bLY\bY. The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is
+ encountered, r\bre\bea\bad\bd times out (in which case the return code is
+ greater than 128), a variable assignment error (such as assign-
+ ing to a readonly variable) occurs, or an invalid file descrip-
tor is supplied as the argument to -\b-u\bu.
r\bre\bea\bad\bdo\bon\bnl\bly\by [-\b-a\baA\bAf\bf] [-\b-p\bp] [_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be[=_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd] ...]
- The given _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked readonly; the values of these _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
- may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -\b-f\bf option
- is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are so
- marked. The -\b-a\ba option restricts the variables to indexed
- arrays; the -\b-A\bA option restricts the variables to associative
- arrays. If both options are supplied, -\b-A\bA takes precedence. If
- no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a
+ The given _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are marked readonly; the values of these _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs
+ may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the -\b-f\bf option
+ is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs are so
+ marked. The -\b-a\ba option restricts the variables to indexed
+ arrays; the -\b-A\bA option restricts the variables to associative
+ arrays. If both options are supplied, -\b-A\bA takes precedence. If
+ no _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be arguments are given, or if the -\b-p\bp option is supplied, a
list of all readonly names is printed. The other options may be
- used to restrict the output to a subset of the set of readonly
- names. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a format
- that may be reused as input. If a variable name is followed by
- =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. The return
- status is 0 unless an invalid option is encountered, one of the
+ used to restrict the output to a subset of the set of readonly
+ names. The -\b-p\bp option causes output to be displayed in a format
+ that may be reused as input. If a variable name is followed by
+ =_\bw_\bo_\br_\bd, the value of the variable is set to _\bw_\bo_\br_\bd. The return
+ status is 0 unless an invalid option is encountered, one of the
_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\bs is not a valid shell variable name, or -\b-f\bf is supplied with
a _\bn_\ba_\bm_\be that is not a function.
r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn [_\bn]
- Causes a function to stop executing and return the value speci-
- fied by _\bn to its caller. If _\bn is omitted, the return status is
- that of the last command executed in the function body. If
+ Causes a function to stop executing and return the value speci-
+ fied by _\bn to its caller. If _\bn is omitted, the return status is
+ that of the last command executed in the function body. If
+ r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is executed by a trap handler, the last command used to
+ determine the status is the last command executed before the
+ trap handler. if r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is executed during a D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap, the
+ last command used to determine the status is the last command
+ executed by the trap handler before r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn was invoked. If
r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is used outside a function, but during execution of a
script by the .\b. (s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be) command, it causes the shell to stop
executing that script and return either _\bn or the exit status of
is effective only when job control is enabled.
-\b-e\be Exit immediately if a _\bp_\bi_\bp_\be_\bl_\bi_\bn_\be (which may consist of a
single _\bs_\bi_\bm_\bp_\bl_\be _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd), a _\bl_\bi_\bs_\bt, or a _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bp_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd
- (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR above), exits with a non-zero sta-
- tus. The shell does not exit if the command that fails
- is part of the command list immediately following a
- w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword, part of the test following the
- i\bif\bf or e\bel\bli\bif\bf reserved words, part of any command executed
- in a &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list except the command following the
- final &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b|, any command in a pipeline but the last,
- or if the command's return value is being inverted with
- !\b!. If a compound command other than a subshell returns
- a non-zero status because a command failed while -\b-e\be was
- being ignored, the shell does not exit. A trap on E\bER\bRR\bR,
- if set, is executed before the shell exits. This option
+ (see S\bSH\bHE\bEL\bLL\bL G\bGR\bRA\bAM\bMM\bMA\bAR\bR above), exits with a non-zero status.
+ The shell does not exit if the command that fails is
+ part of the command list immediately following a w\bwh\bhi\bil\ble\be
+ or u\bun\bnt\bti\bil\bl keyword, part of the test following the i\bif\bf or
+ e\bel\bli\bif\bf reserved words, part of any command executed in a
+ &\b&&\b& or |\b||\b| list except the command following the final &\b&&\b&
+ or |\b||\b|, any command in a pipeline but the last, or if the
+ command's return value is being inverted with !\b!. If a
+ compound command other than a subshell returns a non-
+ zero status because a command failed while -\b-e\be was being
+ ignored, the shell does not exit. A trap on E\bER\bRR\bR, if
+ set, is executed before the shell exits. This option
applies to the shell environment and each subshell envi-
ronment separately (see C\bCO\bOM\bMM\bMA\bAN\bND\bD E\bEX\bXE\bEC\bCU\bUT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN E\bEN\bNV\bVI\bIR\bRO\bON\bNM\bME\bEN\bNT\bT
above), and may cause subshells to exit before executing
3\b3.\b. If the command run by the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG trap returns a
value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub-
routine (a shell function or a shell script exe-
- cuted by the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins), a call to
- r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn is simulated.
+ cuted by the .\b. or s\bso\bou\bur\brc\bce\be builtins), the shell
+ simulates a call to r\bre\bet\btu\bur\brn\bn.
4\b4.\b. B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGC\bC and B\bBA\bAS\bSH\bH_\b_A\bAR\bRG\bGV\bV are updated as described
in their descriptions above.
- 5\b5.\b. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu-
+ 5\b5.\b. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu-
tion, shell functions, and subshells invoked with
(\b( _\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the D\bDE\bEB\bBU\bUG\bG and R\bRE\bET\bTU\bUR\bRN\bN traps.
- 6\b6.\b. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution,
+ 6\b6.\b. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution,
shell functions, and subshells invoked with (\b(
_\bc_\bo_\bm_\bm_\ba_\bn_\bd )\b) inherit the E\bER\bRR\bR trap.
e\bex\bxt\btg\bgl\blo\bob\bb If set, the extended pattern matching features described
%!PS-Adobe-3.0
%%Creator: groff version 1.19.2
-%%CreationDate: Mon Feb 24 08:28:31 2014
+%%CreationDate: Mon Sep 15 12:01:54 2014
%%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman
%%+ font Times-Bold
%%+ font Times-Italic
F3(name)144 452.4 Q F0(=)A F3(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F
.58(When ar)5.58 F .58
(guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F3(name)
-3.08 E F0(whose)144 464.4 Q F3(value)2.895 E F0 .395(is gi)2.895 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 2.895(n. A).15 F .395(trailing space in)2.895 F F3(value)
-5.395 E F0 .395(causes the ne)2.895 F .395(xt w)-.15 F .395
-(ord to be check)-.1 F .395(ed for alias sub-)-.1 F .054
-(stitution when the alias is e)144 476.4 R 2.554(xpanded. F)-.15 F .054
-(or each)-.15 F F3(name)2.554 E F0 .054(in the ar)2.554 F .054
-(gument list for which no)-.18 F F3(value)2.554 E F0 .054(is sup-)2.554
+3.08 E F0(whose)144 464.4 Q F3(value)2.509 E F0 .009(is gi)2.509 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 2.509(n. A).15 F .009(trailing space in)2.509 F F3(value)
+2.509 E F0 .009(causes the ne)2.509 F .009(xt w)-.15 F .009
+(ord to be check)-.1 F .008(ed for alias substi-)-.1 F .579
+(tution when the alias is e)144 476.4 R 3.079(xpanded. F)-.15 F .579
+(or each)-.15 F F3(name)3.079 E F0 .579(in the ar)3.079 F .579
+(gument list for which no)-.18 F F3(value)3.079 E F0 .579(is sup-)3.079
F 1.314(plied, the name and v)144 488.4 R 1.314
(alue of the alias is printed.)-.25 F F2(Alias)6.314 E F0 1.314
(returns true unless a)3.814 F F3(name)3.814 E F0 1.313(is gi)3.814 F
(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2<ad78>2.5 E F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F3
(shell\255command)A F2(bind)108 630 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5
G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F3
-(function\255name)A F2(bind)108 642 Q F3 -.37(re)2.5 G
+(function\255name)A F2(bind)108 642 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5
+G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F3 -.37(re)C
(adline\255command).37 E F0 .239(Display current)144 654 R F2 -.18(re)
2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.739 G 2.739(ya)-.05 G .239
(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.739 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .238
(,i)-.65 G 1.662(.e., `)-4.162 F(`)-.74 E F2(.)A F0 -.74('')C 6.662(.I)
.74 G(f)-6.662 E F1(dir)4.513 E F0(be)4.893 E 1.663
(gins with a slash \(/\), then)-.15 F F3(CDP)144 708 Q -.855(AT)-.666 G
-(H).855 E F0 .347(is not used. The)2.598 F F2<ad50>2.847 E F0 .347
-(option causes)2.847 F F2(cd)2.847 E F0 .347(to use the ph)2.847 F .347
-(ysical directory structure by resolving)-.05 F 1.12
+(H).855 E F0 .191(is not used.)2.441 F(The)5.191 E F2<ad50>2.691 E F0
+.191(option causes)2.691 F F2(cd)2.691 E F0 .191(to use the ph)2.691 F
+.19(ysical directory structure by resolving)-.05 F 1.12
(symbolic links while tra)144 720 R -.15(ve)-.2 G(rsing).15 E F1(dir)
3.62 E F0 1.12(and before processing instances of)3.62 F F1(..)3.62 E F0
(in)3.62 E F1(dir)3.62 E F0 1.12(\(see also the)3.62 F F2<ad50>3.62 E F0
(The return v)144 192 Q(alue is true if the directory w)-.25 E
(as successfully changed; f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1(command)108
208.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255pVv)A F0(])A F2(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2
-(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 220.8 Q F2(command)2.956 E F0(with)
-3.527 E F2(ar)3.087 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .257
-(suppressing the normal shell function lookup. Only b)3.027 F .257
-(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .502(commands found in the)144 232.8 R F3
--.666(PA)3.002 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.752 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.002
-(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F1<ad70>3.002 E F0 .502(option is gi)3.002
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G .501(n, the search for).15 F F2(command)3.201 E F0(is)
-3.771 E .399(performed using a def)144 244.8 R .399(ault v)-.1 F .399
-(alue for)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.899 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .4
+(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 220.8 Q F2(command)2.764 E F0(with)
+3.334 E F2(ar)2.894 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .065
+(suppressing the normal shell function lookup.)2.834 F .065(Only b)5.065
+F .065(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .502(commands found in the)144 232.8 R
+F3 -.666(PA)3.002 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.752 F -.15(xe)-.15 G
+3.002(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F1<ad70>3.002 E F0 .502(option is gi)
+3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .501(n, the search for).15 F F2(command)3.201 E
+F0(is)3.771 E .399(performed using a def)144 244.8 R .399(ault v)-.1 F
+.399(alue for)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.899 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .4
(that is guaranteed to \214nd all of the standard utilities.)2.649 F(If)
5.4 E .175(either the)144 256.8 R F1<ad56>2.675 E F0(or)2.675 E F1<ad76>
2.675 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.675 F F2(command)
(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad6e>144 252 Q F0(Gi)24.74 E 1.619 -.15(ve e)
-.25 H(ach).15 E F2(name)3.819 E F0(the)3.819 E F2(namer)3.819 E(ef)-.37
E F0(attrib)3.819 E 1.319(ute, making it a name reference to another v)
--.2 F(ariable.)-.25 E 1.033(That other v)180 264 R 1.033
-(ariable is de\214ned by the v)-.25 F 1.033(alue of)-.25 F F2(name)3.533
-E F0 6.033(.A)C 1.033(ll references and assignments to)-6.033 F F2(name)
-180 276 Q F0 4.032(,e)C 1.532(xcept for changing the)-4.182 F F1<ad6e>
-4.032 E F0(attrib)4.032 E 1.532(ute itself, are performed on the v)-.2 F
-1.533(ariable refer)-.25 F(-)-.2 E(enced by)180 288 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0
-1.1 -.55('s v)D 2.5(alue. The).3 F F1<ad6e>2.5 E F0(attrib)2.5 E
-(ute cannot be applied to array v)-.2 E(ariables.)-.25 E F1<ad72>144 300
-Q F0(Mak)25.86 E(e)-.1 E F2(name)5.047 E F0 5.047(sr)C(eadonly)-5.047 E
-7.547(.T)-.65 G 2.546(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-7.547 F
-2.546(alues by subsequent)-.25 F(assignment statements or unset.)180 312
-Q F1<ad74>144 324 Q F0(Gi)26.97 E .729 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2
-(name)2.929 E F0(the)2.929 E F2(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib)2.929 E
-2.929(ute. T)-.2 F .429(raced functions inherit the)-.35 F F1(DEB)2.929
-E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.93 E F1(RETURN)2.93 E F0
-(traps from the calling shell.)180 336 Q(The trace attrib)5 E
-(ute has no special meaning for v)-.2 E(ariables.)-.25 E F1<ad75>144 348
-Q F0 .91(When the v)24.74 F .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909
-(alue, all lo)-.25 F(wer)-.25 E .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15
-(ve)-.4 G .909(rted to upper).15 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 360 R(lo)
-2.5 E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad78>144
-372 Q F0(Mark)25.3 E F2(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E
-(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .12
-(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 388.8 R 2.62(ft)-.25 G .12
-(he attrib)-2.62 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .121
-(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.621 E F0 .121(may not be used)2.621 F
-.645(to destro)144 400.8 R 3.145(ya)-.1 G 3.145(na)-3.145 G .645(rray v)
--3.145 F .645(ariable and)-.25 F F1(+r)3.145 E F0 .645(will not remo)
-3.145 F .945 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .645(he readonly attrib).15 F 3.144
-(ute. When)-.2 F .644(used in a func-)3.144 F(tion,)144 412.8 Q F1
+-.2 F(ariable.)-.25 E 1.519(That other v)180 264 R 1.519
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F 3.092(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.092 G .592
(ect until subsequent assignments.).25 F .592(The return v)5.592 F .592
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-(dirs [\255clpv] [+)108 5
37.6 Q F2(n)A F1 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F1
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49.6 Q F2(n)A F1 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F1
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(thout options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.)
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-(alue is the he)-.25 F .548(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-)
-3.048 E(HHH)180 484.8 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G
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01.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad61>A F0 2.5(][)C
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+(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.507(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH)
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18.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad61>A F0 2.5(][)C
F1(\255dnps)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad66>-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5
-(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .278(Enable and disable b)144 513.6 R
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-(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .833
-(the same name as a shell b)144 525.6 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15
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(xe)-.15 G .834(cuted without specifying a full pathname, e).15 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 3.334(nt).15 G(hough)-3.334 E .99
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-(abled; otherwise,)144 549.6 R F2(names)4.082 E F0 1.582(are enabled.)
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4.082 F -.15(Fo)6.582 G 4.082(re).15 G 1.582(xample, to use the)-4.232 F
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F2(\214lename)4.024 E F0 4.024(,o).18 G 4.024(ns)-4.024 G 1.524
-(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144
585.6 Q F1<ad64>
-2.867 E F0 .367(option will delete a b)2.867 F .367(uiltin pre)-.2 F
-.367(viously loaded with)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.866 E F0 5.366(.I)C 2.866(fn)
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--.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .36
6(n, or).15 F .398(if the)144 597.6 R F1<ad70>
-2.898 E F0 .399(option is supplied, a list of shell b)2.899 F .399
+(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144
602.4 Q F1<ad64>
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7(n, or).15 F .399(if the)144 614.4 R F1<ad70>
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-6
09.6 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>2.598 E F0 .098
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-(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.879
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26.4 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>2.598 E F0 .098
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(xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .495(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15
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(guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E
(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(7)203.725 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 8 8
/Times-Bold@0 SF(exec)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1
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-(ginning of)-.15 F .5(the zeroth ar)144 120 R .5(gument passed to)-.18 F
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--.15 F F2(n)2.596 E F0 5.096(.I)C(f)-5.096 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .095
-(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .095(xit status is that of the last command)
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-.15 F -.15(exe)144 220.8 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E/F3 9
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F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F .257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F
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-(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.627(commands. If)144 273.6 R(the)2.627 E F1
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(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>144 285.6 Q F0 .048
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(port property to be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.947(df).15 G 1.447
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E F1<ad65>A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
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362.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
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(The \214rst form selects a range of commands from)144 374.4 R F2<8c72>
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(rent command for listing \(so that)144 422.4 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .948
(fc \255l \25510)3.448 F F0 .948(prints the last 10 commands\) and to)
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144 434.4 R F2<8c72>4.41 E(st)-.1 E F0
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(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 458.4
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5.438 F F1<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438
(n, the commands are listed on standard output.).15 F(Otherwise,)5.438 E
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(do).1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835
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-(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and)5.951 F
--.15(exe)144 518.4 S(cuted.).15 E .788(In the second form,)144 542.4 R
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+-.15(exe)144 518.4 S(cuted.).15 E .789(In the second form,)144 542.4 R
F2(command)3.288 E F0 .788(is re-e)3.288 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .788
(cuted after each instance of).15 F F2(pat)3.288 E F0 .788
-(is replaced by)3.288 F F2 -.37(re)3.289 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F2(Com-)5.789
-E(mand)144 554.4 Q F0 .347(is intepreted the same as)2.847 F F2<8c72>
+(is replaced by)3.288 F F2 -.37(re)3.288 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F2(Com-)5.788
+E(mand)144 554.4 Q F0 .346(is intepreted the same as)2.846 F F2<8c72>
2.847 E(st)-.1 E F0(abo)2.847 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.347(.A).15 G .347
-(useful alias to use with this is)-2.5 F F4 .346(r='fc \255s')2.847 F F0
-2.846(,s)C 2.846(ot)-2.846 G(hat)-2.846 E(typing)144 566.4 Q F4 7.165
-(rc)3.665 G(c)-7.165 E F0 1.165(runs the last command be)3.665 F 1.166
-(ginning with)-.15 F F4(cc)3.666 E F0 1.166(and typing)3.666 F F4(r)
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+(useful alias to use with this is)-2.5 F F4 .347(r='fc \255s')2.847 F F0
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+(rc)3.666 G(c)-7.166 E F0 1.166(runs the last command be)3.666 F 1.166
+(ginning with)-.15 F F4(cc)3.666 E F0 1.165(and typing)3.666 F F4(r)
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(mand.)144 578.4 Q .142(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144
602.4 R .142(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142
(lid option is encountered or).25 F F2<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322
-E F2(last)2.732 E F0 .454(specify history lines out of range.)144 614.4
+E F2(last)2.732 E F0 .455(specify history lines out of range.)144 614.4
R .454(If the)5.454 F F1<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454
-(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .455(alue is the v)-.25 F .455
-(alue of the)-.25 F .788(last command e)144 626.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .788
-(cuted or f).15 F .787
+(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .454(alue is the v)-.25 F .454
+(alue of the)-.25 F .787(last command e)144 626.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .787
+(cuted or f).15 F .788
(ailure if an error occurs with the temporary \214le of commands.)-.1 F
-.787(If the)5.787 F 1.135
+.788(If the)5.788 F 1.136
(second form is used, the return status is that of the command re-e)144
-638.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.136(cuted, unless).15 F F2(cmd)3.836 E F0 1.136
-(does not)4.406 F(specify a v)144 650.4 Q
+638.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.135(cuted, unless).15 F F2(cmd)3.835 E F0 1.135
+(does not)4.405 F(specify a v)144 650.4 Q
(alid history line, in which case)-.25 E F1(fc)2.5 E F0(returns f)2.5 E
(ailure.)-.1 E F1(fg)108 667.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume)
-144 679.2 Q F2(jobspec)5.654 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.224 F 1.413
+144 679.2 Q F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.223 F 1.413
(ground, and mak)-.15 F 3.913(ei)-.1 G 3.913(tt)-3.913 G 1.413
(he current job)-3.913 F 6.413(.I)-.4 G(f)-6.413 E F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0
-1.413(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 691.2 Q 3.116(sn)-.55 G
-.616(otion of the)-3.116 F F2(curr)3.116 E .616(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617
-(is used.)3.116 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .617
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(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 703.2 Q
-.363(ground, or f)-.15 F .363
-(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .362
+.362(ground, or f)-.15 F .362
+(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .363
(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F2(jobspec)145.74 715.2 Q
-F0 .004(does not specify a v)2.814 F .004(alid job or)-.25 F F2(jobspec)
+F0 .004(does not specify a v)2.815 F .004(alid job or)-.25 F F2(jobspec)
4.244 E F0 .004(speci\214es a job that w)2.814 F .004
(as started without job control.)-.1 F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q
(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(8)203.725 E 0 Cg EP
/Times-Bold@0 SF(getopts)108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(gs)-.37 E F0(])A F1(getopts)144
96 Q F0 .793
-(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.294 F F2
-(optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .149
-(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 108 R .15
-(wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .15(xpected to ha)-.15 F .45
--.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 120 Q .579
-(gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .578
+(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.293 F F2
+(optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .15
+(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 108 R .149
+(wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .149(xpected to ha)-.15 F .449
+-.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 120 Q .578
+(gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .579
(The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E 1.665
(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 132 R 1.665
(Each time it is in)6.665 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F1(getopts)
-4.165 E F0 1.665(places the ne)4.165 F(xt)-.15 E .797
-(option in the shell v)144 144 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(name)3.297 E F0 3.297
-(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.297 E F2(name)3.657 E F0 .797(if it does not e)
-3.477 F .796(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.296(xo)-.15 G 3.296(ft)-3.296 G
-.796(he ne)-3.296 F(xt)-.15 E(ar)144 156 Q .085
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+(option in the shell v)144 144 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(name)3.296 E F0 3.296
+(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.296 E F2(name)3.657 E F0 .797(if it does not e)
+3.477 F .797(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.297(xo)-.15 G 3.297(ft)-3.297 G
+.797(he ne)-3.297 F(xt)-.15 E(ar)144 156 Q .085
(gument to be processed into the v)-.18 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9
/Times-Bold@0 SF(OPTIND)2.585 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F3(OPTIND)
-4.585 E F0 .085(is initialized to 1 each time the shell)2.335 F .846
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(or a shell script is in)144 168 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345
(d. When).1 F .845(an option requires an ar)3.345 F(gument,)-.18 E F1
-(getopts)3.345 E F0 .845(places that ar)3.345 F(gument)-.18 E .803
-(into the v)144 180 R(ariable)-.25 E F3(OPT)3.303 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A F0
-.803(The shell does not reset)5.303 F F3(OPTIND)3.303 E F0 .804
-(automatically; it must be manually)3.054 F .294
+(getopts)3.346 E F0 .846(places that ar)3.346 F(gument)-.18 E .804
+(into the v)144 180 R(ariable)-.25 E F3(OPT)3.304 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A F0
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+(automatically; it must be manually)3.053 F .293
(reset between multiple calls to)144 192 R F1(getopts)2.793 E F0 .293
(within the same shell in)2.793 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .293(cation if a ne).2 F
-2.793(ws)-.25 G .293(et of parameters)-2.793 F(is to be used.)144 204 Q
-2.043(When the end of options is encountered,)144 228 R F1(getopts)4.543
-E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.044
+2.793(ws)-.25 G .294(et of parameters)-2.793 F(is to be used.)144 204 Q
+2.044(When the end of options is encountered,)144 228 R F1(getopts)4.543
+E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.043
(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F3(OPTIND)144 240 Q F0
(is set to the inde)2.25 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G
(he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F2(name)2.5 E F0
-(is set to ?.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 264 Q F0 2.393
-(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.893 F 2.392
-(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.392(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.892
-(ni).15 G(n)-4.892 E F2(ar)4.892 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E F1(getopts)144
-276 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 300 Q F0 1.165
-(can report errors in tw)3.665 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665(ays. If)-3.765 F
-1.165(the \214rst character of)3.665 F F2(optstring)3.895 E F0 1.166
-(is a colon,)3.886 F F2(silent)4.006 E F0(error)4.346 E 1.071
+(is set to ?.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 264 Q F0 2.392
+(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.892 F 2.392
+(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.393(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.893
+(ni).15 G(n)-4.893 E F2(ar)4.893 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E F1(getopts)144
+276 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 300 Q F0 1.166
+(can report errors in tw)3.666 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665(ays. If)-3.765 F
+1.165(the \214rst character of)3.665 F F2(optstring)3.895 E F0 1.165
+(is a colon,)3.885 F F2(silent)4.005 E F0(error)4.345 E 1.07
(reporting is used.)144 312 R 1.071
-(In normal operation, diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.071 F
--.25(va)-.4 G 1.07(lid options or).25 F .393(missing option ar)144 324 R
-.393(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F(ariable)-.25
-E F3(OPTERR)2.894 E F0 .394(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F
+(In normal operation, diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.07 F
+-.25(va)-.4 G 1.071(lid options or).25 F .394(missing option ar)144 324
+R .394(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F(ariable)
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(will be displayed, e)144 336 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5
G(he \214rst character of)-2.5 E F2(optstring)2.73 E F0(is not a colon.)
-2.72 E .667(If an in)144 360 R -.25(va)-.4 G .667(lid option is seen,)
-.25 F F1(getopts)3.167 E F0 .667(places ? into)3.167 F F2(name)3.527 E
-F0 .666(and, if not silent, prints an error message)3.347 F .399
-(and unsets)144 372 R F3(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A F0(If)4.899 E F1
+2.72 E .666(If an in)144 360 R -.25(va)-.4 G .666(lid option is seen,)
+.25 F F1(getopts)3.166 E F0 .667(places ? into)3.167 F F2(name)3.527 E
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+(and unsets)144 372 R F3(OPT)2.9 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A F0(If)4.899 E F1
(getopts)2.899 E F0 .399
(is silent, the option character found is placed in)2.899 F F3(OPT)2.899
-E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .4(and no)2.65 F(diagnostic message is printed.)144 384
-Q 1.242(If a required ar)144 408 R 1.242(gument is not found, and)-.18 F
-F1(getopts)3.741 E F0 1.241(is not silent, a question mark \()3.741 F F1
-(?).833 E F0 3.741(\)i).833 G 3.741(sp)-3.741 G 1.241(laced in)-3.741 F
-F2(name)144 420 Q F0(,).18 E F3(OPT)2.734 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .234
-(is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.484 F(If)5.234 E F1
-(getopts)2.734 E F0 .235(is silent, then a colon \()2.734 F F1(:).833 E
-F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 432 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(and)2.68 E F3(OPT)
-2.5 E(ARG)-.81 E F0(is set to the option character found.)2.25 E F1
-(getopts)144 456 Q F0 .902
+E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .399(and no)2.649 F(diagnostic message is printed.)144
+384 Q 1.241(If a required ar)144 408 R 1.241(gument is not found, and)
+-.18 F F1(getopts)3.741 E F0 1.241(is not silent, a question mark \()
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+(laced in)-3.742 F F2(name)144 420 Q F0(,).18 E F3(OPT)2.735 E(ARG)-.81
+E F0 .234(is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.485 F(If)
+5.234 E F1(getopts)2.734 E F0 .234(is silent, then a colon \()2.734 F F1
+(:).833 E F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 432 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(and)2.68
+E F3(OPT)2.5 E(ARG)-.81 E F0(is set to the option character found.)2.25
+E F1(getopts)144 456 Q F0 .902
(returns true if an option, speci\214ed or unspeci\214ed, is found.)
-3.402 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .901(alse if the end of)-.1 F
+3.401 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .902(alse if the end of)-.1 F
(options is encountered or an error occurs.)144 468 Q F1(hash)108 484.8
Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lr)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E
F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255dt)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .858
3.718 E F0 .858(is determined by searching)3.538 F .956
(the directories in)144 508.8 R F1($P)3.456 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0
.956(and remembered.)3.456 F(An)5.956 E 3.456(yp)-.15 G(re)-3.456 E .956
-(viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .242(If the)144 520.8
-R F1<ad70>2.742 E F0 .243
-(option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.742 F F2
-(\214lename)4.653 E F0 .243(is used as the full \214lename)2.923 F 1.712
-(of the command.)144 532.8 R(The)6.712 E F1<ad72>4.212 E F0 1.711
-(option causes the shell to for)4.212 F 1.711
-(get all remembered locations.)-.18 F(The)6.711 E F1<ad64>4.211 E F0
+(viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .243(If the)144 520.8
+R F1<ad70>2.743 E F0 .243
+(option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.743 F F2
+(\214lename)4.653 E F0 .242(is used as the full \214lename)2.923 F 1.711
+(of the command.)144 532.8 R(The)6.711 E F1<ad72>4.211 E F0 1.711
+(option causes the shell to for)4.211 F 1.712
+(get all remembered locations.)-.18 F(The)6.712 E F1<ad64>4.212 E F0
.833(option causes the shell to for)144 544.8 R .833
(get the remembered location of each)-.18 F F2(name)3.333 E F0 5.833(.I)
C 3.333(ft)-5.833 G(he)-3.333 E F1<ad74>3.333 E F0 .833(option is sup-)
-3.333 F .704(plied, the full pathname to which each)144 556.8 R F2(name)
-3.204 E F0 .703(corresponds is printed.)3.204 F .703(If multiple)5.703 F
-F2(name)3.203 E F0(ar)3.203 E(guments)-.18 E .795(are supplied with)144
+3.333 F .703(plied, the full pathname to which each)144 556.8 R F2(name)
+3.204 E F0 .704(corresponds is printed.)3.204 F .704(If multiple)5.704 F
+F2(name)3.204 E F0(ar)3.204 E(guments)-.18 E .795(are supplied with)144
568.8 R F1<ad74>3.295 E F0 3.295(,t)C(he)-3.295 E F2(name)3.295 E F0
.795(is printed before the hashed full pathname.)3.295 F(The)5.795 E F1
<ad6c>3.295 E F0 .795(option causes)3.295 F .934
(output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)144
-580.8 R .934(If no ar)5.934 F .934(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-.934(n, or if).15 F(only)144 592.8 Q F1<ad6c>2.821 E F0 .321
-(is supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)2.821 F
-.322(The return status is true)5.322 F(unless a)144 604.8 Q F2(name)2.86
+580.8 R .934(If no ar)5.934 F .935(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+.935(n, or if).15 F(only)144 592.8 Q F1<ad6c>2.822 E F0 .322
+(is supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)2.822 F
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E F0(is not found or an in)2.68 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is supplied.)
.25 E F1(help)108 621.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F2
-(pattern)-2.5 E F0(])A .867(Display helpful information about b)144
+(pattern)-2.5 E F0(])A .866(Display helpful information about b)144
633.6 R .867(uiltin commands.)-.2 F(If)5.867 E F2(pattern)4.617 E F0
-.866(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F1(help)3.366 E F0(gi)3.366 E -.15(ve)-.25
-G 3.366(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.366 E .306(help on all commands matching)144
-645.6 R F2(pattern)2.806 E F0 2.807(;o).24 G .307
-(therwise help for all the b)-2.807 F .307
+.867(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F1(help)3.367 E F0(gi)3.367 E -.15(ve)-.25
+G 3.367(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.367 E .307(help on all commands matching)144
+645.6 R F2(pattern)2.807 E F0 2.807(;o).24 G .307
+(therwise help for all the b)-2.807 F .306
(uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 657.6 Q F1
<ad64>144 669.6 Q F0(Display a short description of each)24.74 E F2
(pattern)2.5 E F1<ad6d>144 681.6 Q F0(Display the description of each)
-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(history \255s)108 144 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E
F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.4(Wi)144 156 S .752
(th no options, display the command history list with line numbers.).4 F
-.752(Lines listed with a)5.752 F F1(*)3.251 E F0(ha)3.251 E -.15(ve)-.2
-G .38(been modi\214ed.)144 168 R .38(An ar)5.38 F .38(gument of)-.18 F
+.752(Lines listed with a)5.752 F F1(*)3.252 E F0(ha)3.252 E -.15(ve)-.2
+G .381(been modi\214ed.)144 168 R .38(An ar)5.38 F .38(gument of)-.18 F
F2(n)3.24 E F0 .38(lists only the last)3.12 F F2(n)3.24 E F0 2.88
(lines. If)3.12 F .38(the shell v)2.88 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTTIMEFOR-)2.881 E(MA)144 180 Q(T)-.855 E F0 .265
-(is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.515 F F2
-(strftime)2.764 E F0 .264(\(3\) to display the time stamp asso-)B 1.019
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTTIMEFOR-)2.88 E(MA)144 180 Q(T)-.855 E F0 .264
+(is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.514 F F2
+(strftime)2.765 E F0 .265(\(3\) to display the time stamp asso-)B 1.02
(ciated with each displayed history entry)144 192 R 6.019(.N)-.65 G
3.519(oi)-6.019 G(nterv)-3.519 E 1.019
(ening blank is printed between the formatted)-.15 F .176
(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad63>144 228 Q F0
(Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.)25.86 E F1<ad64>144
240 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(Delete the history entry at position)
-180 252 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(.)A F1<ad61>144 264 Q F0 .598
-(Append the `)25.3 F(`ne)-.74 E(w')-.25 E 3.098('h)-.74 G .598
-(istory lines \(history lines entered since the be)-3.098 F .599
+180 252 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(.)A F1<ad61>144 264 Q F0 .599
+(Append the `)25.3 F(`ne)-.74 E(w')-.25 E 3.099('h)-.74 G .598
+(istory lines \(history lines entered since the be)-3.099 F .598
(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)180 276 Q F0
(session\) to the history \214le.)2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 288 Q F0 .854(Read \
the history lines not already read from the history \214le into the cur\
-rent history list.)24.74 F .772
+rent history list.)24.74 F .773
(These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 300 R
-.773(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)3.273 E F0(ses-)3.273 E
+.772(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)3.272 E F0(ses-)3.272 E
(sion.)180 312 Q F1<ad72>144 324 Q F0(Read the contents of the history \
\214le and append them to the current history list.)25.86 E F1<ad77>144
336 Q F0(Write the current history list to the history \214le, o)23.08 E
-.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the history \214le').15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G
-(ontents.)-2.5 E F1<ad70>144 348 Q F0 .626
+(ontents.)-2.5 E F1<ad70>144 348 Q F0 .625
(Perform history substitution on the follo)24.74 F(wing)-.25 E F2(ar)
-3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .625(and display the result on the standard)3.125 F
+3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .626(and display the result on the standard)3.125 F
2.975(output. Does)180 360 R .475
(not store the results in the history list.)2.975 F(Each)5.475 E F2(ar)
2.975 E(g)-.37 E F0 .475(must be quoted to disable)2.975 F
-(normal history e)180 372 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1<ad73>144 384 Q F0 .363
-(Store the)26.41 F F2(ar)3.193 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363
-(in the history list as a single entry)3.133 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .362
+(normal history e)180 372 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1<ad73>144 384 Q F0 .362
+(Store the)26.41 F F2(ar)3.192 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363
+(in the history list as a single entry)3.132 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .363
(he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 396 Q -.15(ve)
-.15 G 2.5(db).15 G(efore the)-2.5 E F2(ar)2.83 E(gs)-.37 E F0
-(are added.)2.77 E .145(If the)144 412.8 R F3(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.645 E(T)
+(are added.)2.77 E .146(If the)144 412.8 R F3(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.645 E(T)
-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.395 G .145
(riable is set, the time stamp information associated with each history)
-.25 F .669(entry is written to the history \214le, mark)144 424.8 R .669
-(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.668(.W)-.55 G .668
-(hen the history)-5.668 F .955(\214le is read, lines be)144 436.8 R .956
-(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F .956
-(wed immediately by a digit)-.25 F .416
+.25 F .668(entry is written to the history \214le, mark)144 424.8 R .669
+(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.669(.W)-.55 G .669
+(hen the history)-5.669 F .956(\214le is read, lines be)144 436.8 R .956
+(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F .955
+(wed immediately by a digit)-.25 F .415
(are interpreted as timestamps for the pre)144 448.8 R .416
-(vious history line.)-.25 F .416(The return v)5.416 F .415
+(vious history line.)-.25 F .416(The return v)5.416 F .416
(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .499(option is e\
ncountered, an error occurs while reading or writing the history \214le\
-, an in)144 460.8 R -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(of)3 E(fset)-.18 E F0(is)
-3 E(supplied as an ar)144 472.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0 2.5
-(,o)C 2.5(rt)-2.5 G(he history e)-2.5 E(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15
-E(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad70>2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(jobs)108
-489.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)A F0(... ])2.5
-E F1(jobs \255x)108 501.6 Q F2(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(gs)
--.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 513.6 Q .3
--.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.5(obs. The).15 F(options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
-(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 525.6 Q F0
+, an in)144 460.8 R -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(of)2.999 E(fset)-.18 E F0
+(is)2.999 E(supplied as an ar)144 472.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad64>2.5 E
+F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(rt)-2.5 G(he history e)-2.5 E
+(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15 E(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad70>2.5 E F0 -.1
+(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(jobs)108 489.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5
+(][)C F2(jobspec)A F0(... ])2.5 E F1(jobs \255x)108 501.6 Q F2(command)
+2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E
+(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 513.6 Q .3 -.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.5
+(obs. The).15 F(options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
+(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 525.6 Q F0
(List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)27.52 E F1
-<ad6e>144 537.6 Q F0 .194(Display information only about jobs that ha)
-24.74 F .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .193(hanged status since the user w).15 F
-.19
3(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 549.6 Q F1<ad70>144
+<ad6e>144 537.6 Q F0 .193(Display information only about jobs that ha)
+24.74 F .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .194(hanged status since the user w).15 F
+.19
4(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 549.6 Q F1<ad70>144
561.6 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')24.74 E 2.5(sp)-.55 G
(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad72>144 573.6 Q F0
(Display only running jobs.)25.86 E F1<ad73>144 585.6 Q F0
-(Display only stopped jobs.)26.41 E(If)144 602.4 Q F2(jobspec)4.553 E F0
-.313(is gi)3.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313
-(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.314(.T)
--.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(an in)144 614.4 Q -.25
+(Display only stopped jobs.)26.41 E(If)144 602.4 Q F2(jobspec)4.554 E F0
+.314(is gi)3.124 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .314
+(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.313(.T)
+-.4 G .313(he return status is 0 unless)-5.313 F(an in)144 614.4 Q -.25
(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered or an in).25 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25
-E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .395(If the)144 631.2 R F1
-<ad78>2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F1(jobs)2.894 E F0
+E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .394(If the)144 631.2 R F1
+<ad78>2.894 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F1(jobs)2.894 E F0
.394(replaces an)2.894 F(y)-.15 E F2(jobspec)4.634 E F0 .394(found in)
-3.204 F F2(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F2(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .394
+3.204 F F2(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F2(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .395
(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 643.2 Q
-.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F2(command)2.7 E F0(passing it)3.27 E F2(ar)
2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r).27 G(eturning its e)-2.5 E(xit status.)-.15 E
<ad6e>2.5 E F2(signum)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1<ad>2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0 2.5
(][)C F2(pid)-2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F2(jobspec)2.5 E F0 2.5(].)C(..)-2.5 E F1
(kill \255l)108 672 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G
-(it_status).2 E F0(])A .119(Send the signal named by)144 684 R F2
-(sigspec)2.959 E F0(or)2.929 E F2(signum)2.959 E F0 .119
-(to the processes named by)2.939 F F2(pid)3.87 E F0(or)3.39 E F2
-(jobspec)2.62 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.46 E F0(is)2.93 E .319
-(either a case-insensiti)144 696 R .619 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .319
-(ignal name such as).15 F F3(SIGKILL)2.819 E F0 .318
-(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.818 E F0 .318
-(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.568 F(number;)144 708 Q F2(signum)4.188 E F0
-1.349(is a signal number)4.168 F 6.349(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.349 E F2(sigspec)
+(it_status).2 E F0(])A .12(Send the signal named by)144 684 R F2
+(sigspec)2.96 E F0(or)2.93 E F2(signum)2.96 E F0 .119
+(to the processes named by)2.939 F F2(pid)3.869 E F0(or)3.389 E F2
+(jobspec)2.619 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.459 E F0(is)2.929 E .318
+(either a case-insensiti)144 696 R .618 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .318
+(ignal name such as).15 F F3(SIGKILL)2.818 E F0 .319
+(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.819 E F0 .319
+(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.569 F(number;)144 708 Q F2(signum)4.189 E F0
+1.349(is a signal number)4.169 F 6.349(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.349 E F2(sigspec)
4.189 E F0 1.349(is not present, then)4.159 F F3(SIGTERM)3.849 E F0
-1.349(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.349 E(ar)144 720 Q .523(gument of)-.18 F
+1.348(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.348 E(ar)144 720 Q .522(gument of)-.18 F
F1<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(lists the signal names.)3.023 F .523(If an)5.523
F 3.023(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.023 G .523(uments are supplied when).18 F
F1<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(is gi)3.023 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .523(n, the names)
(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .28
(of the signals corresponding to the ar)144 84 R .28
(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.28 E/F1 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 96 Q .378
-(gument to)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6c>2.878 E F0 .378
-(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)2.878 F .377
-(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .593(nated by a signal.)144 108 R
+/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 96 Q .377
+(gument to)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6c>2.877 E F0 .378
+(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)2.877 F .378
+(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .594(nated by a signal.)144 108 R
F2(kill)5.593 E F0 .593(returns true if at least one signal w)3.093 F
-.593(as successfully sent, or f)-.1 F .594(alse if an error)-.1 F
+.593(as successfully sent, or f)-.1 F .593(alse if an error)-.1 F
(occurs or an in)144 120 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25
E F2(let)108 136.8 Q F1(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0
-(...])2.5 E(Each)144 148.8 Q F1(ar)3.027 E(g)-.37 E F0 .197
-(is an arithmetic e)2.917 F .197(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G
-.196(luated \(see).25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .196(ARITHMETIC EV)2.696 F
-(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo)2.446 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
-2.696(\). If).15 F(the last)144 160.8 Q F1(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25
+(...])2.5 E(Each)144 148.8 Q F1(ar)3.026 E(g)-.37 E F0 .196
+(is an arithmetic e)2.916 F .197(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G
+.197(luated \(see).25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .197(ARITHMETIC EV)2.697 F
+(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo)2.447 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
+2.697(\). If).15 F(the last)144 160.8 Q F1(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25
(eva)2.72 G(luates to 0,).25 E F2(let)2.5 E F0
(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)2.5 E F2(local)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5
E F1(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C
(..])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 189.6 S 2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F .06
(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06(ariable named)-.25 F F1(name)2.92 E F0 .06
(is created, and assigned)2.74 F F1(value)2.56 E F0 5.06(.T).18 G(he)
--5.06 E F1(option)2.56 E F0 .06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 201.6 Q 3.153(yo)
--.15 G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F2(declar)
-3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)C(hen)-5.652 E F2(local)3.152 E F0 .652
+-5.06 E F1(option)2.56 E F0 .06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 201.6 Q 3.152(yo)
+-.15 G 3.152(ft)-3.152 G .652(he options accepted by)-3.152 F F2(declar)
+3.152 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)C(hen)-5.652 E F2(local)3.152 E F0 .653
(is used within a function, it causes the v)3.152 F(ari-)-.25 E(able)144
-213.6 Q F1(name)3.72 E F0 .86(to ha)3.54 F 1.16 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .861
-(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F -.4
-(Wi)5.861 G .861(th no operands,).4 F F2(local)144 225.6 Q F0 1.165
-(writes a list of local v)3.665 F 1.165
+213.6 Q F1(name)3.721 E F0 .861(to ha)3.541 F 1.161 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H
+.861(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F
+-.4(Wi)5.86 G .86(th no operands,).4 F F2(local)144 225.6 Q F0 1.164
+(writes a list of local v)3.664 F 1.165
(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.165(It is an error to use)
-6.165 F F2(local)3.664 E F0 1.164(when not)3.664 F .232
-(within a function.)144 237.6 R .233(The return status is 0 unless)5.232
+6.165 F F2(local)3.665 E F0 1.165(when not)3.665 F .233
+(within a function.)144 237.6 R .233(The return status is 0 unless)5.233
F F2(local)2.733 E F0 .233(is used outside a function, an in)2.733 F
--.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F1(name)3.093 E F0(is)2.913 E(supplied, or)144
+-.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F1(name)3.092 E F0(is)2.912 E(supplied, or)144
249.6 Q F1(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F2
(logout)108 266.4 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)9.33 E F2(map\214le)108 283.2
-Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad4f>-2.5 E F1
-(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad73>-2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
-<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad43>
--2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1(quantum)
-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A F2 -.18(re)108 295.2 S
-(adarray).18 E F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad4f>
--2.5 E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad73>-2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5
-(][)C F2<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C
-F2<ad43>-2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1
-(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A .351
-(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 307.2 R -.15(xe)
--.15 G 2.851(da).15 G .351(rray v)-2.851 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(arr)2.85 E
-(ay)-.15 E F0 2.85(,o).32 G 2.85(rf)-2.85 G .35(rom \214le descriptor)
--2.85 F F1(fd)2.85 E F0 1.248(if the)144 319.2 R F2<ad75>3.748 E F0
-1.248(option is supplied.)3.748 F 1.249(The v)6.249 F(ariable)-.25 E F3
-(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 E F1(arr)3.749 E
-(ay)-.15 E F0 6.249(.O)C 1.249(ptions, if supplied,)-6.249 F(ha)144
-331.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad6e>
-144 343.2 Q F0(Cop)24.74 E 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5(tm)-2.5 G(ost)-2.5 E F1
-(count)2.7 E F0 2.5(lines. If)3.18 F F1(count)2.5 E F0
-(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F2<ad4f>144 355.2 Q F0(Be)22.52 E
+Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad64>A F1(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad6e>-2.5 E F1
+(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad4f>-2.5 E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
+<ad73>-2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2
+<ad75>-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad43>-2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)
+-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)
+-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A F2 -.18(re)108 295.2 S(adarray).18 E F0([)2.5 E
+F2<ad64>A F1(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad6e>-2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0
+2.5(][)C F2<ad4f>-2.5 E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad73>-2.5 E F1
+(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F1
+(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad43>-2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)
+C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0
+(])A .35(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 307.2 R
+-.15(xe)-.15 G 2.851(da).15 G .351(rray v)-2.851 F(ariable)-.25 E F1
+(arr)2.851 E(ay)-.15 E F0 2.851(,o).32 G 2.851(rf)-2.851 G .351
+(rom \214le descriptor)-2.851 F F1(fd)2.851 E F0 1.249(if the)144 319.2
+R F2<ad75>3.749 E F0 1.249(option is supplied.)3.749 F 1.249(The v)6.249
+F(ariable)-.25 E F3(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1
+E F1(arr)3.748 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.248(.O)C 1.248(ptions, if supplied,)
+-6.248 F(ha)144 331.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E
+(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad64>144 343.2 Q F0(The \214rst character of)
+24.74 E F1(delim)2.5 E F0
+(is used to terminate each input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25
+E F2<ad6e>144 355.2 Q F0(Cop)24.74 E 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5(tm)-2.5 G(ost)-2.5
+E F1(count)2.7 E F0 2.5(lines. If)3.18 F F1(count)2.5 E F0
+(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F2<ad4f>144 367.2 Q F0(Be)22.52 E
(gin assigning to)-.15 E F1(arr)2.83 E(ay)-.15 E F0(at inde)2.82 E(x)
-.15 E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 5(.T).24 G(he def)-5 E(ault inde)-.1 E 2.5(xi)
--.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F2<ad73>144 367.2 Q F0
+-.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F2<ad73>144 379.2 Q F0
(Discard the \214rst)26.41 E F1(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F2
-<ad74>144 379.2 Q F0(Remo)26.97 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing ne).15 E
-(wline from each line read.)-.25 E F2<ad75>144 391.2 Q F0
+<ad74>144 391.2 Q F0(Remo)26.97 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing ne).15 E
+(wline from each line read.)-.25 E F2<ad75>144 403.2 Q F0
(Read lines from \214le descriptor)24.74 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0
-(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F2<ad43>144 403.2 Q F0(Ev)23.08 E
+(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F2<ad43>144 415.2 Q F0(Ev)23.08 E
(aluate)-.25 E F1(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E F1(quantum)
2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F2<ad63>2.5 E F0
-(option speci\214es)2.5 E F1(quantum)2.5 E F0(.).32 E F2<ad63>144 415.2
+(option speci\214es)2.5 E F1(quantum)2.5 E F0(.).32 E F2<ad63>144 427.2
Q F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)25.86 E F1
-(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 432 Q F2<ad43>2.968 E F0 .467
+(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 444 Q F2<ad43>2.967 E F0 .467
(is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F2<ad63>2.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467
(he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F1
(callbac)2.967 E(k)-.2 E F0 .467(is e)2.967 F -.25(va)-.25 G .467
-(luated, it is sup-).25 F .261(plied the inde)144 444 R 2.761(xo)-.15 G
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(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)25.86 F F1 -.18(re)
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--.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E .218
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-(viously)-.25 E(acti)180 252 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G
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--.25 F(ing be)180 276 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e>144 288 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)
--.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 300 S(ad).18 E F0 1.395
-(returns after reading)3.895 F F2(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.395
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--.25 F(an)180 408 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F
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-<ad72>144 420 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character)
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--.25 E F1<ad73>144 444 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E
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(If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1
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(wing the decimal point.)-.25 E(This option is only ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E
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F 2.77(,w)-.65 G .27(ithout trying to read an)-2.77 F 2.77(yd)-.15 G
-(ata.)-2.77 E 1.12(The e)180 540 R 1.12(xit status is 0 if input is a)
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-(The return code is zero,)4.692 F 1.344
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.18 E F0 1.343
-(times out \(in which case the return code is greater than)3.844 F .871
-(128\), a v)144 604.8 R .871
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(ariable assignment error \(such as assigning to a readonly v)-.25 F
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-(\214le descriptor is supplied as the ar)144 616.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1
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(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A
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(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0
-.77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096(quent assignment.)144
-657.6 R 1.096(If the)6.096 F F1<ad66>3.596 E F0 1.097
-(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F2
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(ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the)
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--.25 E .776(ables to associati)144 681.6 R 1.076 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.276
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--.15 G .469(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.469(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.469 E
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--.15 G .087(cuted within).15 F .613(the script as the e)144 172.8 R .613
-(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.613 E F1(n)3.113 E F0 .613
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-(alue is its least signi\214cant 8)-.25 F 2.511(bits. The)144 184.8 R
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-(ommand associated with the).15 F F2(RETURN)144 208.8 Q F0(trap is e)2.5
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+(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 148.8 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15
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--.2 F 3.531(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.531 G 1.031(uments remaining).18 F
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(alues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in)-.25 F(order)
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--.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 321.6 Q
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-(ariables and functions which are modi\214ed or created for e)-.25 F .54
-(xport to)-.15 F(the en)184 333.6 Q(vironment of subsequent commands.)
--.4 E F2<ad62>144 345.6 Q F0 .132
+144 393.6 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F1($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($2)2.5 E F0(,)A
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+-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 405.6 Q
+F0 .54(Automatically mark v)29.3 F .539
+(ariables and functions which are modi\214ed or created for e)-.25 F
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(Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)28.74 F
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--.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F2<ad65>144 369.6 Q F0
-.087(Exit immediately if a)29.86 F F1(pipeline)2.587 E F0 .087
-(\(which may consist of a single)2.587 F F1 .088(simple command)2.588 F
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-(The shell does not e)184 393.6 R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F
-.08(ails is part of the command list immediately)-.1 F(follo)184 405.6 Q
-1.655(wing a)-.25 F F2(while)4.155 E F0(or)4.155 E F2(until)4.155 E F0
--.1(ke)4.155 G(yw)-.05 E 1.655(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F 1.654
-(wing the)-.25 F F2(if)4.154 E F0(or)4.154 E F2(elif)4.154 E F0(reserv)
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--.15 G .581(ommand e)-3.081 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .581(cuted in a).15 F F2
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-(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .918(the \214nal)184 429.6 R
-F2(&&)3.418 E F0(or)3.418 E F2(||)3.418 E F0 3.418(,a)C 1.218 -.15(ny c)
--3.418 H .918(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F .917
-(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.417(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.417 E
--.25(va)184 441.6 S .66(lue is being in).25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .66
-(rted with).15 F F2(!)3.16 E F0 5.661(.I)C 3.161(fac)-5.661 G .661
-(ompound command other than a subshell returns a)-3.161 F 1.113
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-F2<ad65>3.612 E F0 -.1(wa)3.612 G 3.612(sb).1 G 1.112
-(eing ignored, the shell does)-3.612 F .177(not e)184 465.6 R 2.677
-(xit. A)-.15 F .177(trap on)2.677 F F2(ERR)2.677 E F0 2.677(,i)C 2.678
-(fs)-2.677 G .178(et, is e)-2.678 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .178
-(cuted before the shell e).15 F 2.678(xits. This)-.15 F .178
-(option applies to)2.678 F .618(the shell en)184 477.6 R .617
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+-.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1<ad65>144 453.6 Q F0
+.088(Exit immediately if a)29.86 F F2(pipeline)2.588 E F0 .087
+(\(which may consist of a single)2.588 F F2 .087(simple command)2.587 F
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+F2 1.52(compound command)4.02 F F0(\(see)4.021 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF
+1.521(SHELL GRAMMAR)4.021 F F0(abo)3.771 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.521(\), e)
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+(The shell does not e)184 477.6 R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F
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+Q 1.654(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)4.154 E F0(or)4.154 E F1(until)4.154 E F0
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+4.155 E(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)184 501.6 S .582(rds, part of an).1 F 3.082(yc)
+-.15 G .582(ommand e)-3.082 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .581(cuted in a).15 F F1
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+(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .917(the \214nal)184 513.6 R
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+(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.418(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.418 E
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+(xit. A)-.15 F .178(trap on)2.678 F F1(ERR)2.678 E F0 2.678(,i)C 2.678
+(fs)-2.678 G .178(et, is e)-2.678 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .178
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(vironment and each subshell en)-.4 F .617(vironment separately \(see)
--.4 F F3 .617(COMMAND EXE-)3.117 F .642(CUTION ENVIR)184 489.6 R(ONMENT)
+-.4 F F3 .618(COMMAND EXE-)3.118 F .643(CUTION ENVIR)184 573.6 R(ONMENT)
-.27 E F0(abo)2.893 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .643
(\), and may cause subshells to e).15 F .643(xit before e)-.15 F -.15
-(xe)-.15 G .643(cuting all).15 F(the commands in the subshell.)184 501.6
-Q 2.042(If a compound command or shell function e)184 519.6 R -.15(xe)
--.15 G 2.042(cutes in a conte).15 F 2.042(xt where)-.15 F F
2<ad65>4.542
-E F0 2.042(is being)4.542 F 1.435(ignored, none of the commands e)184
-531.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.436
-(cuted within the compound command or function).15 F .194
-(body will be af)184 543.6 R .194(fected by the)-.25 F F2<ad65>2.694 E
-F0 .193(setting, e)2.693 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.693(ni).15 G(f)-2.693 E F2
-<ad65>2.693 E F0 .193(is set and a command returns a f)2.693 F(ailure)
--.1 E 3.39(status. If)184 555.6 R 3.39(ac)3.39 G .89
-(ompound command or shell function sets)-3.39 F F
2<ad65>3.39 E F0 .89
+(xe)-.15 G .642(cuting all).15 F(the commands in the subshell.)184 585.6
+Q 2.042(If a compound command or shell function e)184 603.6 R -.15(xe)
+-.15 G 2.042(cutes in a conte).15 F 2.042(xt where)-.15 F F
1<ad65>4.542
+E F0 2.043(is being)4.543 F 1.436(ignored, none of the commands e)184
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+(cuted within the compound command or function).15 F .193
+(body will be af)184 627.6 R .193(fected by the)-.25 F F1<ad65>2.693 E
+F0 .193(setting, e)2.693 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.693(ni).15 G(f)-2.693 E F1
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+-.1 E 3.39(status. If)184 639.6 R 3.39(ac)3.39 G .89
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1<ad65>3.39 E F0 .89
(while e)3.39 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .89(cuting in a conte).15 F(xt)-.15 E
-(where)184 567.6 Q F2<ad65>3.154 E F0 .654
-(is ignored, that setting will not ha)3.154 F .953 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .953
--.15(ny e).15 H -.25(ff).15 G .653(ect until the compound command).25 F
-(or the command containing the function call completes.)184 579.6 Q F2
-<ad66>144 591.6 Q F0(Disable pathname e)30.97 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F2
-<ad68>144 603.6 Q F0 2.238(Remember the location of commands as the)
-28.74 F 4.738(ya)-.15 G 2.239(re look)-4.738 F 2.239(ed up for e)-.1 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G 4.739(cution. This).15 F(is)4.739 E(enabled by def)184
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(rridden when creating output \214les by using the redirection opera-)
-.15 F(tor)184 276 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1
-<ad45>144 288 Q F0 .104(If set, an)27.63 F 2.604(yt)-.15 G .104(rap on)
--2.604 F F1(ERR)2.604 E F0 .103
-(is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.604
-F .838(mands e)184 300 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .838(cuted in a subshell en).15
-F 3.338(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .839
-(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 312 Q F1
-<ad48>144 324 Q F0(Enable)26.52 E F1(!)3.032 E F0 .532
-(style history substitution.)5.532 F .531(This option is on by def)5.532
-F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 336 Q -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 348 Q F0 .959
+.15 F(tor)184 348 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1
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+(is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.603
+F .839(mands e)184 372 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .839(cuted in a subshell en).15
+F 3.339(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .838
+(trap is normally not inherited in)3.338 F(such cases.)184 384 Q F1
+<ad48>144 396 Q F0(Enable)26.52 E F1(!)3.031 E F0 .531
+(style history substitution.)5.531 F .531(This option is on by def)5.531
+F .532(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 408 Q -.15
+(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 420 Q F0 .96
(If set, the shell does not resolv)28.19 F 3.459(es)-.15 G .959
-(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .96
-(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.46 E F0 2.822
-(that change the current w)184 360 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822
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-(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.685(instead. By)184 372 R(def)2.685
+(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .959
+(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.459 E F0 2.821
+(that change the current w)184 432 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822
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E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)2.686 E F0(follo)2.686 E .186
(ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F
-(mands which change the current directory)184
384 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144
-396 Q F0 .89(If set, an)27.63 F 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1
+(mands which change the current directory)184
456 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144
+468 Q F0 .89(If set, an)27.63 F 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1
(DEB)3.39 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)3.39 E F1(RETURN)3.39 E F0 .89
(are inherited by shell functions, command)3.39 F 1.932
-(substitutions, and commands e)184 408 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932
+(substitutions, and commands e)184 480 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932
(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E
-(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 420 Q F0
-(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 432 Q
-F0 .401(If no ar)28.6 F .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401
+(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 492 Q F0
+(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 504 Q
+F0 .4(If no ar)28.6 F .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401
(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F
-(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 444 Q F2
-(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G
+(Otherwise,)5.401 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 516 Q
+F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G
(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad>144
-456 Q F0 1.944(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)34.3 F F2
-(ar)4.444 E(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.445(ea)-4.444 G
-1.945(ssigned to the positional)-4.445 F 3.446(parameters. The)184 468 R
-F1<ad78>3.446 E F0(and)3.446 E F1<ad76>3.446 E F0 .945
-(options are turned of)3.446 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .945(there are no)
-3.445 F F2(ar)3.445 E(g)-.37 E F0 .945(s, the positional)B
-(parameters remain unchanged.)184 480 Q .425(The options are of)144
-496.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425
+528 Q F0 1.945(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)34.3 F F2
+(ar)4.444 E(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.444(ea)-4.444 G
+1.944(ssigned to the positional)-4.444 F 3.445(parameters. The)184 540 R
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+(options are turned of)3.445 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .946(there are no)
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+(parameters remain unchanged.)184 552 Q .425(The options are of)144
+568.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425
(ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425
-(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .178
-(to be turned of)144 508.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178
+(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .177
+(to be turned of)144 580.8 R 2.677(f. The)-.25 F .178
(options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in)
--.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066
-(current set of options may be found in)144 520.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0
+-.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .178(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.178 E .066
+(current set of options may be found in)144 592.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0
5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066
-(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .067(lid option).25 F
-(is encountered.)144 532.8 Q F1(shift)108 549.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
-(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 561.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0
-.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G
-.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 573.6 Q F1($#)2.582
-E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.582 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .082
-(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga)
--.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .083(umber less than or equal to)
-.15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f)-5.083 E F2(n)2.943 E F0 .06
-(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 585.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0
+(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .066(lid option).25 F
+(is encountered.)144 604.8 Q F1(shift)108 621.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0
+(])A .428(The positional parameters from)144 633.6 R F2(n)2.928 E F0
+.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.429 G
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+E F0(do)2.583 E .083(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.583 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .083
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+(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 657.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0
.06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F
(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56
-(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 597.6 R
-.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0
-.144(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0
-(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 609.6 Q F1(shopt)108 626.4 Q F0([)
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+(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 681.6 Q F1(shopt)108 698.4 Q F0([)
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--2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 638.4 S .64(ggle the v).8 F .639
+-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 710.4 S .639(ggle the v).8 F .639
(alues of settings controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E
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-(listed belo)144 650.4 R 1.674 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.174 -.4(r, i).65 H
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-(option is used, those a)2.875 F -.25(va)-.2 G .375(ilable with the).25
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-(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an)3.326 F
-.945(indication of whether or not each is set.)144 674.4 R(The)5.945 E
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--.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>144 698.4 Q
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-Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A
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+(option is used, those a)4.176 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.676(ilable with the).25
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-(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10
-/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad71>144 84 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet\
- mode\); the return status indicates whether the)24.74 F/F2 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E .255(set or unset.)180
-96 R .255(If multiple)5.255 F F2(optname)2.755 E F0(ar)2.755 E .256
-(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G(ith)-2.756 E F1
-<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F
-(all)180 108 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5
-E F1<ad6f>144 120 Q F0(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2
-(optname)2.5 E F0(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0
-(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .625
-(If either)144 136.8 R F1<ad73>3.125 E F0(or)3.124 E F1<ad75>3.124 E F0
-.624(is used with no)3.124 F F2(optname)3.124 E F0(ar)3.124 E(guments,)
--.18 E F1(shopt)3.124 E F0(sho)3.124 E .624
-(ws only those options which are)-.25 F 2.233(set or unset, respecti)144
-148.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 7.234(.U)-.65 G 2.234
-(nless otherwise noted, the)-7.234 F F1(shopt)4.734 E F0 2.234
-(options are disabled \(unset\) by)4.734 F(def)144 160.8 Q(ault.)-.1 E
-1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 177.6 R
-F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)4.044 F
-.696
+(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E 3.063
+(command. W)144 84 R .563(ith no options, or with the)-.4 F/F1 10
+/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad70>3.063 E F0 .564
+(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with)3.063 F .267
+(an indication of whether or not each is set.)144 96 R(The)5.267 E F1
+<ad70>2.767 E F0 .267(option causes output to be displayed in a form)
+2.767 F(that may be reused as input.)144 108 Q(Other options ha)5 E .3
+-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>144 120 Q
+F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(optname)2.5 E F0
+(.)A F1<ad75>144 132 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2(optname)2.5
+E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 144 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mod\
+e\); the return status indicates whether the)24.74 F F2(optname)2.504 E
+F0(is)2.504 E .256(set or unset.)180 156 R .256(If multiple)5.256 F F2
+(optname)2.756 E F0(ar)2.756 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+2.756(nw).15 G(ith)-2.756 E F1<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.755(,t)C .255
+(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F(all)180 168 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0
+(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 180 Q F0
+(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0
+(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0(option to the)2.5
+E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .624(If either)144 196.8 R F1
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+E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F 2.234
+(set or unset, respecti)144 208.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 7.234(.U)
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+2.234(options are disabled \(unset\) by)4.734 F(def)144 220.8 Q(ault.)
+-.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144
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+4.045 F .696
(When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an)
-144 189.6 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696
-(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 201.6 Q(The list of)144 218.4 Q F1(shopt)
-2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 236.4 Q F0 .2
+144 249.6 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695
+(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 261.6 Q(The list of)144 278.4 Q F1(shopt)
+2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 296.4 Q F0 .199
(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)11.11 F
--.15(xe)-.15 G .199(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
-(ment to the)184 248.4 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
+-.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E
+(ment to the)184 308.4 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F
(option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E
-F1(cdable_v)144 260.4 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 272.4 R .155
-(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156
+F1(cdable_v)144 320.4 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 332.4 R .156
+(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155
(iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F
-(name of a v)184 284.4 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
-(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 296.4 Q F0
+(name of a v)184 344.4 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E
+(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 356.4 Q F0
1.055
(If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)
-10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987
-(corrected. The)184 308.4 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487
-(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a)
--.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .77(one character too man)184 320.4 R 4.57 -.65(y. I)
+10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988
+(corrected. The)184 368.4 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487
+(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a)
+-.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .77(one character too man)184 380.4 R 4.57 -.65(y. I)
-.15 H 3.27(fac).65 G .77
(orrection is found, the corrected \214lename is printed, and)-3.27 F
-(the command proceeds.)184 332.4 Q
+(the command proceeds.)184 392.4 Q
(This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.)
-.15 E F1(checkhash)144 344.4 Q F0 2.079(If set,)184 356.4 R F1(bash)
-4.579 E F0 2.079(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.579 F
-2.08(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 368.4 S(cute it.).15 E
+.15 E F1(checkhash)144 404.4 Q F0 2.08(If set,)184 416.4 R F1(bash)4.58
+E F0 2.079(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.58 F 2.079
+(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 428.4 S(cute it.).15 E
(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E
-(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 380.4
-Q F0 .449(If set,)184 392.4 R F1(bash)2.949 E F0 .449
-(lists the status of an)2.949 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .448
-(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .448(xiting an interacti)-.15
-F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.438(shell. If)184 404.4 R(an)3.438 E 3.438(yj)-.15 G
-.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.438 F .938
-(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .939(xit is)-.15 F 2.203
-(attempted without an interv)184 416.4 R 2.203(ening command \(see)-.15
+(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 440.4
+Q F0 .448(If set,)184 452.4 R F1(bash)2.948 E F0 .448
+(lists the status of an)2.948 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .449
+(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .449(xiting an interacti)-.15
+F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.439(shell. If)184 464.4 R(an)3.439 E 3.439(yj)-.15 G
+.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.439 F .938
+(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .938(xit is)-.15 F 2.203
+(attempted without an interv)184 476.4 R 2.203(ening command \(see)-.15
F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.203(JOB CONTR)4.703 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)4.453 E
--.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.703 E(al)184 428.4 Q -.1(wa)
+-.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.704 E(al)184 488.4 Q -.1(wa)
-.1 G(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G
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-(cutes in a).15 F .146(shell function \(see)144 441.6 R F3 .146
-(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.646 F F0(abo)2.396 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15
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435.6 R F3<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \
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%%Page: 22 22
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-(xe)-.15 G 1.748(cutable named).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)4.249
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(The table of hashed)5.744 F 1.223(commands is not consulted when using)
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08 R F1<ad61>3.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F1<ad66>3.723 E F0
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80 R F2<ad61>3.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F2<ad66>3.723 E F0
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(ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F
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9(resource is printed, unless the)144 244.8 R F1<ad48>2.999 E F0
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268.8 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F1<ad62>144
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340.8 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F2<ad62>144
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-26.97 E F1<ad69>144 340.8 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)
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-(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 364.8 Q F0
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e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo)
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-(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)24.74 E F
1<ad72>144
-4
24.8 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)25.86 E F1<ad73>144
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2<ad72>144
+4
96.8 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)25.86 E F2<ad73>144
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F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G
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(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)25.3 F -.25(va)-.2 G .47
(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180
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(limit)2.968 E F0 .468(is the ne)2.968 F 2.968(wv)-.25 G .468
-(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .045
-(no option is gi)144
537.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(n, then).15 F F1<ad66>
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2 F F1<ad54>2.902 E F0(,)
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(hild processes are w).15 F .318(aited for)-.1 F 2.818(,a)-.4 G .318
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projects / thirdparty / bash.git / commitdiff
