From: Chet Ramey Date: Wed, 17 Jun 2015 12:34:09 +0000 (-0400) Subject: commit bash-20150605 snapshot X-Git-Tag: bash-4.4-alpha~7 X-Git-Url: http://git.ipfire.org/?a=commitdiff_plain;h=1573ba78f3a645a05e87e69c33c78df449a6c16e;p=thirdparty%2Fbash.git commit bash-20150605 snapshot --- diff --git a/CWRU/CWRU.chlog b/CWRU/CWRU.chlog index 775ef12f6..a19d4292a 100644 --- a/CWRU/CWRU.chlog +++ b/CWRU/CWRU.chlog @@ -8724,3 +8724,86 @@ lib/readline/funmap.c - vi-insertion-mode: make sure it maps to rl_vi_insert_mode, which is actually what the `i' keybinding in vi_movement_keymap maps to. Cosmetic fix from isabella parakiss + + 6/2 + --- +general.c + - conf_standard_path: moved get_standard_path here from command.def; made + public function + +general.h + - conf_standard_path: extern declaration + + + 6/3 + --- +parse.y + - parse_matched_pair: make sure that command substitution constructs + within ${...} expansions are parsed as such using parse_comsub, so the + P_FIRSTCLOSE flag doesn't stop parsing if a right brace appears within + the comsub. Report from Christos Zoulas + +findcmd.c + - search_for_command: take two new flags for FLAGS arg: CMDSRCH_STDPATH, + which means use the command -p path, and CMDSRCH_TEMPENV, currently + unused. Existing flag value of 1 now CMDSRCH_HASH + - search_for_command: don't set `path' to NULL if it wasn't found in + the temporary environment; we can use it later + - search_for_command: look for the hashed file if temp_path == 0, not + if we set path back to 0 (or path lookup failed) + - search_for_command: just call find_user_command_in_path with a + pathlist argument that's set depending on the flags passed + - find_in_path: new function, just calls find_user_command_in_path at + this point + - search_for_command: don't put non-existent files into the hash table + +findcmd.h + - CMDSRCH_*: new flags for search_for_command + - find_in_path: extern declaration + +execute_cmd.c + - execute_disk_command: check for CMD_STDPATH and call search_for_command + with CMDSRCH_STDPATH if it's set + +builtins/command.def + - command_builtin: if -p given without -v or -V, set the CMD_STDPATH flag + in the simple command we construct from the rest of the argument list. + This fixes the command -p cmd issue with changing $PATH for the duration + of `cmd's execution reported by + +builtins/common.h + - CDESC_STDPATH: new flag for describe_command; means to use standard path + for command -pv or -pV + +builtins/command.def + - command_builtin: if -p given with -v or -V, pass the CDESC_STDPATH flag + to describe_command + +builtins/type.def + - describe_command: if given the CDESC_STDPATH flag, use find_in_path with + the conf_standard_path() result. Since `all' will never be on with this + flag, at least not yet, we can allocate and free the path list. Fixes + the bug of a temporary environment value for PATH preceding a + `command -pv' or `command -pV' persisting when the command finishes and + means we use fewer unwind-protects + + 6/4 + --- +Makefile.in (plus other Makefile.ins) + - VPATH: remove `.' from VPATH value. It's not needed any more and it + trips a GNU make 4.1 bug on Cygwin. Report and fix from Eric Blake + + +lib/readline/histfile.c + - history_tempfile: new function, takes history file name as template + and creates a temp file name including the PID + - history_truncate_file, history_do_write: instead of creating backup + and restoring it on failure, use history_tempfile to create a temp + file name, write to it, then rename to original history filename + (handling symlinks using history_restore()). Original report and + patch from Russell Stuart + +doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi} + - ulimit: clarify that -c and -f are in increments of 512 bytes when + in posix mode. Fix from Robin Johnson via + diff --git a/MANIFEST b/MANIFEST index ef2b5dde1..75a274c28 100644 --- a/MANIFEST +++ b/MANIFEST @@ -944,6 +944,7 @@ tests/exec6.sub f tests/exec7.sub f tests/exec8.sub f tests/exec9.sub f +tests/exec10.sub f tests/exp.tests f tests/exp.right f tests/exp1.sub f diff --git a/Makefile.in b/Makefile.in index a0bec20a8..f5bca8893 100644 --- a/Makefile.in +++ b/Makefile.in @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# Makefile for bash-4.3, version 4.12 +# Makefile for bash-4.3, version 4.13 # # Copyright (C) 1996-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ topdir = @top_srcdir@ BUILD_DIR = @BUILD_DIR@ top_builddir = @BUILD_DIR@ srcdir = @srcdir@ -VPATH = .:@srcdir@ +VPATH = @srcdir@ @SET_MAKE@ CC = @CC@ @@ -1453,7 +1453,8 @@ builtins/wait.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/chartypes.h pathnames.h builtins/complete.o: config.h shell.h syntax.h bashjmp.h ${BASHINCDIR}/posixjmp.h sig.h builtins/complete.o: unwind_prot.h variables.h arrayfunc.h conftypes.h builtins/complete.o: bashtypes.h bashansi.h ${BASHINCDIR}/ansi_stdlib.h -builtins/complete.o: builtins.h pathnames.h +builtins/complete.o: builtins.h pathnames.h general.h +builtins/complete.o: bashtypes.h ${BASHINCDIR}/chartypes.h xmalloc.h builtins/complete.o: pcomplete.h builtins/complete.o: ${DEFSRC}/common.h ${DEFSRC}/bashgetopt.h builtins/mapfile.o: command.h config.h ${BASHINCDIR}/memalloc.h error.h general.h xmalloc.h ${BASHINCDIR}/maxpath.h diff --git a/builtins/Makefile.in b/builtins/Makefile.in index f745c1da1..56d258ed3 100644 --- a/builtins/Makefile.in +++ b/builtins/Makefile.in @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ prefix = @prefix@ srcdir = @srcdir@ -VPATH = .:@srcdir@ +VPATH = @srcdir@ topdir = @top_srcdir@ datarootdir = @datarootdir@ @@ -635,7 +635,8 @@ complete.o: ../config.h ../pathnames.h complete.o: ${topdir}/shell.h $(topdir)/syntax.h ${topdir}/bashjmp.h ${BASHINCDIR}/posixjmp.h ${topdir}/sig.h complete.o: ${topdir}/unwind_prot.h ${topdir}/variables.h complete.o: ${topdir}/bashtypes.h ${topdir}/bashansi.h ${BASHINCDIR}/ansi_stdlib.h -complete.o: ${topdir}/builtins.h +complete.o: ${topdir}/builtins.h ${topdir}/general.h +complete.o: ${topdir}/bashtypes.h ${BASHINCDIR}/chartypes.h ${topdir}/xmalloc.h complete.o: ${topdir}/pcomplete.h complete.o: ${srcdir}/common.h ${srcdir}/bashgetopt.h mapfile.o: $(topdir)/command.h ../config.h $(BASHINCDIR)/memalloc.h diff --git a/builtins/command.def b/builtins/command.def index 1f7e272e3..dcb510d5b 100644 --- a/builtins/command.def +++ b/builtins/command.def @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ This file is command.def, from which is created command.c. It implements the builtin "command" in Bash. -Copyright (C) 1987-2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell. @@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ extern size_t confstr __P((int, char *, size_t)); extern int subshell_environment; static void restore_path __P((char *)); -static char *get_standard_path __P((void)); /* Run the commands mentioned in LIST without paying attention to shell functions. */ @@ -82,7 +81,7 @@ command_builtin (list) switch (opt) { case 'p': - use_standard_path = 1; + use_standard_path = CDESC_STDPATH; break; case 'V': verbose = CDESC_SHORTDESC|CDESC_ABSPATH; /* look in common.h for constants */ @@ -109,30 +108,13 @@ command_builtin (list) } #endif - begin_unwind_frame ("command_builtin"); - - if (use_standard_path) - { - old_path = get_string_value ("PATH"); - /* If old_path is NULL, $PATH is unset. If so, we want to make sure - it's unset after this command completes. */ - if (old_path) - old_path = savestring (old_path); - add_unwind_protect ((Function *)restore_path, old_path); - - standard_path = get_standard_path (); - bind_variable ("PATH", standard_path ? standard_path : "", 0); - stupidly_hack_special_variables ("PATH"); - FREE (standard_path); - } - if (verbose) { int found, any_found; for (any_found = 0; list; list = list->next) { - found = describe_command (list->word->word, verbose); + found = describe_command (list->word->word, verbose|use_standard_path); if (found == 0 && verbose != CDESC_REUSABLE) sh_notfound (list->word->word); @@ -140,11 +122,12 @@ command_builtin (list) any_found += found; } - run_unwind_frame ("command_builtin"); return (any_found ? EXECUTION_SUCCESS : EXECUTION_FAILURE); } -#define COMMAND_BUILTIN_FLAGS (CMD_NO_FUNCTIONS | CMD_INHIBIT_EXPANSION | CMD_COMMAND_BUILTIN) + begin_unwind_frame ("command_builtin"); + +#define COMMAND_BUILTIN_FLAGS (CMD_NO_FUNCTIONS | CMD_INHIBIT_EXPANSION | CMD_COMMAND_BUILTIN | (use_standard_path ? CMD_STDPATH : 0)) /* We don't want this to be reparsed (consider command echo 'foo &'), so just make a simple_command structure and call execute_command with it. */ @@ -153,18 +136,7 @@ command_builtin (list) command->value.Simple->redirects = (REDIRECT *)NULL; command->flags |= COMMAND_BUILTIN_FLAGS; command->value.Simple->flags |= COMMAND_BUILTIN_FLAGS; -#if 0 - /* This breaks for things like ( cd /tmp ; command z ababa ; echo next ) - or $(command echo a ; command echo b;) or even - { command echo a; command echo b; } & */ - /* If we're in a subshell, see if we can get away without forking - again, since we've already forked to run this builtin. */ - if (subshell_environment) - { - command->flags |= CMD_NO_FORK; - command->value.Simple->flags |= CMD_NO_FORK; - } -#endif + add_unwind_protect ((char *)dispose_command, command); result = execute_command (command); @@ -189,32 +161,3 @@ restore_path (var) stupidly_hack_special_variables ("PATH"); } - -/* Return a value for PATH that is guaranteed to find all of the standard - utilities. This uses Posix.2 configuration variables, if present. It - uses a value defined in config.h as a last resort. */ -static char * -get_standard_path () -{ -#if defined (_CS_PATH) && defined (HAVE_CONFSTR) - char *p; - size_t len; - - len = (size_t)confstr (_CS_PATH, (char *)NULL, (size_t)0); - if (len > 0) - { - p = (char *)xmalloc (len + 2); - *p = '\0'; - confstr (_CS_PATH, p, len); - return (p); - } - else - return (savestring (STANDARD_UTILS_PATH)); -#else /* !_CS_PATH || !HAVE_CONFSTR */ -# if defined (CS_PATH) - return (savestring (CS_PATH)); -# else - return (savestring (STANDARD_UTILS_PATH)); -# endif /* !CS_PATH */ -#endif /* !_CS_PATH || !HAVE_CONFSTR */ -} diff --git a/builtins/common.h b/builtins/common.h index 6188bb4e6..d682a0a37 100644 --- a/builtins/common.h +++ b/builtins/common.h @@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ do { \ #define CDESC_FORCE_PATH 0x020 /* type -ap or type -P */ #define CDESC_NOFUNCS 0x040 /* type -f */ #define CDESC_ABSPATH 0x080 /* convert to absolute path, no ./ */ +#define CDESC_STDPATH 0x100 /* command -p */ /* Flags for get_job_by_name */ #define JM_PREFIX 0x01 /* prefix of job name */ diff --git a/builtins/type.def b/builtins/type.def index 67191b73f..77044b6f8 100644 --- a/builtins/type.def +++ b/builtins/type.def @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ This file is type.def, from which is created type.c. It implements the builtin "type" in Bash. -Copyright (C) 1987-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell. @@ -204,6 +204,7 @@ type_builtin (list) * CDESC_FORCE_PATH force a path search for type -P * CDESC_NOFUNCS skip function lookup for type -f * CDESC_ABSPATH convert to absolute path, no ./ prefix + * CDESC_STDPATH command -p standard path list * * CDESC_ALL says whether or not to look for all occurrences of COMMAND, or * return after finding it once. @@ -214,7 +215,7 @@ describe_command (command, dflags) int dflags; { int found, i, found_file, f, all; - char *full_path, *x; + char *full_path, *x, *pathlist; SHELL_VAR *func; #if defined (ALIAS) alias_t *alias; @@ -346,12 +347,17 @@ describe_command (command, dflags) /* Now search through $PATH. */ while (1) { - if (all == 0) + if (dflags & CDESC_STDPATH) /* command -p, all cannot be non-zero */ + { + pathlist = conf_standard_path (); + full_path = find_in_path (command, pathlist, FS_EXEC_PREFERRED|FS_NODIRS); + free (pathlist); + /* Will only go through this once, since all == 0 if STDPATH set */ + } + else if (all == 0) full_path = find_user_command (command); else - full_path = - user_command_matches (command, FS_EXEC_ONLY, found_file); - /* XXX - should that be FS_EXEC_PREFERRED? */ + full_path = user_command_matches (command, FS_EXEC_ONLY, found_file); /* XXX - should that be FS_EXEC_PREFERRED? */ if (full_path == 0) break; diff --git a/command.h b/command.h index 7ff1da970..dac6b85ad 100644 --- a/command.h +++ b/command.h @@ -174,6 +174,7 @@ typedef struct element { #define CMD_COMMAND_BUILTIN 0x0800 /* command executed by `command' builtin */ #define CMD_COPROC_SUBSHELL 0x1000 #define CMD_LASTPIPE 0x2000 +#define CMD_STDPATH 0x4000 /* use standard path for command lookup */ /* What a command looks like. */ typedef struct command { diff --git a/doc/Makefile.in b/doc/Makefile.in index 8948b6677..67f8313fb 100644 --- a/doc/Makefile.in +++ b/doc/Makefile.in @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ RM = rm -f topdir = @top_srcdir@ srcdir = @srcdir@ -VPATH = .:@srcdir@ +VPATH = @srcdir@ prefix = @prefix@ exec_prefix = @exec_prefix@ diff --git a/doc/bash.1 b/doc/bash.1 index ff76bfd16..9e4fcc25a 100644 --- a/doc/bash.1 +++ b/doc/bash.1 @@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ .\" Case Western Reserve University .\" chet.ramey@case.edu .\" -.\" Last Change: Wed May 27 14:55:39 EDT 2015 +.\" Last Change: Fri Jun 5 14:38:09 EDT 2015 .\" .\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section .if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ .if \n(zY=1 .ig zY -.TH BASH 1 "2015 May 27" "GNU Bash 4.4" +.TH BASH 1 "2015 June 5" "GNU Bash 4.4" .\" .\" There's some problem with having a `@' .\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros. @@ -10176,7 +10176,6 @@ is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for which is in seconds; .BR \-p , which is in units of 512-byte blocks; -and .BR \-P , .BR \-T , .BR \-b , @@ -10184,7 +10183,12 @@ and .BR \-n , and .BR \-u , -which are unscaled values. +which are unscaled values; +and, when in Posix mode, +.B \-c +and +.BR \-f , +which are in 512-byte increments. The return status is 0 unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error occurs while setting a new limit. .RE diff --git a/doc/bash.pdf b/doc/bash.pdf index 7480f8599..93b38e60f 100644 Binary files a/doc/bash.pdf and b/doc/bash.pdf differ diff --git a/doc/bash.ps b/doc/bash.ps index 9da9414ba..9eeefc48a 100644 --- a/doc/bash.ps +++ b/doc/bash.ps @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ %!PS-Adobe-3.0 %%Creator: groff version 1.22.2 -%%CreationDate: Mon Apr 6 13:59:04 2015 +%%CreationDate: Fri Jun 5 14:38:33 2015 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman %%+ font Times-Bold %%+ font Times-Italic %%+ font Courier %%+ font Symbol %%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.22 2 -%%Pages: 76 +%%Pages: 77 %%PageOrder: Ascend %%DocumentMedia: Default 612 792 0 () () %%Orientation: Portrait @@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ F .475(xtended deb)-.15 F(ug-)-.2 E (~/.bashr)3.598 E(c)-.37 E F0 1.598(if the)4.408 F(shell is interacti) 144 710.4 Q .3 -.15(ve \()-.25 H(see).15 E F4(INV)2.5 E(OCA)-.405 E (TION)-.855 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q -(2015 April 6)149.285 E(1)203.445 E 0 Cg EP +(2015 June 5)150.675 E(1)204.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 2 2 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -462,8 +462,8 @@ F2(~/.bashr)108 691.2 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.535(,i)C 2.535(ft)-2.535 G .035 Q F1(bash)5.306 E F0 2.806(is started non-interacti)5.306 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.306(,t)-.65 G 5.306(or)-5.306 G 2.806 (un a shell script, for e)-5.306 F 2.805(xample, it looks for the v)-.15 -F(ariable)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(2)203.445 -E 0 Cg EP +F(ariable)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(2)204.835 E +0 Cg EP %%Page: 3 3 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ F .389(wed by)-.25 F F2(blank)2.889 E F0 .389(-separated w)B .389 -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E(and is passed as ar)108 722.4 Q (gument zero.)-.18 E(The remaining w)5 E(ords are passed as ar)-.1 E (guments to the in)-.18 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dc).1 G(ommand.) --2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(3)203.445 E 0 Cg EP +-2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(3)204.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 4 4 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -712,7 +712,7 @@ Q F1 1.054(compound command)3.554 F F0 1.054(is one of the follo)3.554 F -3.553 F 1.026(separated from the rest of the command by one or more ne) 108 710.4 R 1.026(wlines, and may be follo)-.25 F 1.027(wed by a ne)-.25 F 1.027(wline in)-.25 F(place of a semicolon.)108 722.4 Q(GNU Bash 4.4) -72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(4)203.445 E 0 Cg EP +72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(4)204.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 5 5 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -845,7 +845,7 @@ E F0(th parenthesized sube)A(xpression.)-.15 E .786 (ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E(ession2)-.37 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 716.4 S(ue if either).35 E F1 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E(ession1)-.37 E F0(or)2.5 E F1 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr) .2 E(ession2)-.37 E F0(is true.)2.52 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q -(2015 April 6)149.285 E(5)203.445 E 0 Cg EP +(2015 June 5)150.675 E(5)204.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 6 6 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1001,8 +1001,8 @@ F .204(The e)5.204 F .204(xit status of the)-.15 F F1(while)2.704 E F0 (and)2.704 E F1(until)2.704 E F0 .205(commands is the e)2.704 F .205 (xit status of the last command)-.15 F -.15(exe)144 700.8 S(cuted in).15 E F2(list-2)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(rz)-2.5 G(ero if none w)-2.5 E(as e) --.1 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6) -149.285 E(6)203.445 E 0 Cg EP +-.1 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5) +150.675 E(6)204.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 7 7 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1139,7 +1139,7 @@ F0 1.336(option is on by def)3.836 F 1.336(ault in)-.1 F(interacti)108 -.25 F F2(history e)108 720 Q(xpansion)-.2 E F0(character)2.5 E 2.5(,u) -.4 G(sually)-2.5 E F1(!)2.5 E F0 2.5(,m)C(ust be quoted to pre)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt history e).15 E(xpansion.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q -(2015 April 6)149.285 E(7)203.445 E 0 Cg EP +(2015 June 5)150.675 E(7)204.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 8 8 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1246,7 +1246,7 @@ F(may be unset only by using the)108 703.2 Q F2(unset)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu) 2.5 G(iltin command \(see).2 E F3(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS) -.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E(A)108 720 Q F1(variable)2.79 E F0 (may be assigned to by a statement of the form)2.68 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 -768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(8)203.445 E 0 Cg EP +768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(8)204.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 9 9 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1396,7 +1396,7 @@ ameter consisting of more than a single digit is e)108 612 R 1.404 (special v)3.14 F 3.39(ariable. That)-.25 F .891(is, ")3.391 F F3($*)A F0 3.391("i)C 3.391(se)-3.391 G(qui)-3.391 E -.25(va)-.25 G .891 (lent to ").25 F F3($1)A F1(c)A F3($2)A F1(c)A F3(...)A F0(",)A -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(9)203.445 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(9)204.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 10 10 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1523,8 +1523,8 @@ e top of the stack; the \214rst parameter of the initial)144 681.6 R 4.697 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 2.197(only when in e)4.447 F 2.197(xtended deb) -.15 F 2.197(ugging mode \(see the)-.2 F(description of the)144 717.6 Q F3(extdeb)2.5 E(ug)-.2 E F0(option to the)2.5 E F3(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.5 G(iltin belo).2 E(w\))-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6) -149.285 E(10)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +(bu)2.5 G(iltin belo).2 E(w\))-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5) +150.675 E(10)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 11 11 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1628,7 +1628,7 @@ F .667(If the)5.667 F .535 F(in)144 714 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(db).1 G 2.5(yt)-2.5 G (he programmable completion f)-2.5 E(acilities \(see)-.1 E F1(Pr)2.5 E (ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 -768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(11)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(11)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 12 12 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1746,8 +1746,8 @@ Q F0 .355(The history number)144 618 R 2.855(,o)-.4 G 2.855(ri)-2.855 G time this parameter is referenced, the shell substitutes a decimal num\ ber representing the)144 714 R .078(current sequential line number \(st\ arting with 1\) within a script or function.)144 726 R .078 -(When not in a script or)5.078 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6) -149.285 E(12)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +(When not in a script or)5.078 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5) +150.675 E(12)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 13 13 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1844,7 +1844,7 @@ E(.)-.65 E .993(The follo)108 688.8 R .993(wing v)-.25 F .994 (ariables are used by the shell.)-.25 F .994(In some cases,)5.994 F F2 (bash)3.494 E F0 .994(assigns a def)3.494 F .994(ault v)-.1 F .994 (alue to a v)-.25 F(ariable;)-.25 E(these cases are noted belo)108 700.8 -Q -.65(w.)-.25 G(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(13)198.445 +Q -.65(w.)-.25 G(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(13)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 14 14 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -1940,7213 +1940,7246 @@ F0 2.535(,i)C 2.535(ta)-2.535 G .035(ssumes that the)-2.535 F (fer and disables line editing.)-.25 E F1(ENV)108 576 Q F0(Similar to) 144 576 Q F3 -.27(BA)2.5 G(SH_ENV).27 E F5(;)A F0 (used when the shell is in)2.25 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(di).1 G -2.5(nP)-2.5 G(OSIX mode.)-2.5 E F1(FCEDIT)108 588 Q F0(The def)144 600 Q +2.5(nP)-2.5 G(OSIX mode.)-2.5 E F1(EXECIGNORE)108 588 Q F0 3.239(Ac)144 +600 S .739(olon-separated list of e)-3.239 F .739 +(xtended glob patterns \(see)-.15 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.239 G(tter).1 E 3.239 +(nM)-.15 G(atching)-3.239 E F0 3.239(\)d)C .74 +(e\214ning the list of \214le-)-3.239 F .275 +(names to be ignored by command search.)144 612 R .274 +(Files whose full pathnames match one of these patterns)5.275 F .62 +(are not considered e)144 624 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .62 +(cutable \214les for the purposes of completion and command e).15 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 3.12(cution. This).15 F 1.07(does not af)144 636 R 1.07 +(fect the beha)-.25 F 1.07(vior of the)-.2 F F1([)3.57 E F0(,)A F1(test) +3.569 E F0 3.569(,a)C(nd)-3.569 E F1([[)3.569 E F0 3.569(commands. Use) +3.569 F 1.069(this v)3.569 F 1.069(ariable to ignore shared)-.25 F +(library \214les that ha)144 648 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he e).15 E -.15 +(xe)-.15 G(cutable bit set, b).15 E(ut are not e)-.2 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cutable \214les.).15 E F1(FCEDIT)108 660 Q F0(The def)144 672 Q (ault editor for the)-.1 E F1(fc)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 -E F1(FIGNORE)108 612 Q F0 2.598(Ac)144 624 S .098 +E F1(FIGNORE)108 684 Q F0 2.598(Ac)144 696 S .098 (olon-separated list of suf)-2.598 F<8c78>-.25 E .098 (es to ignore when performing \214lename completion \(see)-.15 F F3 -(READLINE)2.599 E F0(belo)144 636 Q 2.705(w\). A)-.25 F .205 +(READLINE)2.599 E F0(belo)144 708 Q 2.705(w\). A)-.25 F .205 (\214lename whose suf)2.705 F .205(\214x matches one of the entries in) -.25 F F3(FIGNORE)2.705 E F0 .205(is e)2.455 F .204 -(xcluded from the list)-.15 F(of matched \214lenames.)144 648 Q 2.5(As)5 -G(ample v)-2.5 E(alue is)-.25 E F4(".o:~")2.5 E F0(.)A F1(FUNCNEST)108 -660 Q F0 .23(If set to a numeric v)144 672 R .231 -(alue greater than 0, de\214nes a maximum function nesting le)-.25 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.731(l. Function).15 F(in)2.731 E -.2(vo)-.4 G(-).2 E -(cations that e)144 684 Q(xceed this nesting le)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.5(lw).15 G(ill cause the current command to abort.)-2.5 E F1 -(GLOBIGNORE)108 696 Q F0 3.118(Ac)144 708 S .618(olon-separated list of\ - patterns de\214ning the set of \214lenames to be ignored by pathname e) --3.118 F(xpan-)-.15 E 3.131(sion. If)144 720 R 3.132<618c>3.131 G .632 -(lename matched by a pathname e)-3.132 F .632 -(xpansion pattern also matches one of the patterns in)-.15 F -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(14)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +(xcluded from the list)-.15 F(of matched \214lenames.)144 720 Q 2.5(As)5 +G(ample v)-2.5 E(alue is)-.25 E F4(".o:~")2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 4.4)72 +768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(14)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 15 15 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 -SF(GLOBIGNORE)144 84 Q/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0(it is remo)2.25 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(df).15 G(rom the list of matches.)-2.5 E/F3 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTCONTR)108 96 Q(OL)-.3 E F0 2.654(Ac)144 108 S .153 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(FUNCNEST)108 84 Q F0 .23(If set to a numeric v)144 96 R .231 +(alue greater than 0, de\214nes a maximum function nesting le)-.25 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.731(l. Function).15 F(in)2.731 E -.2(vo)-.4 G(-).2 E +(cations that e)144 108 Q(xceed this nesting le)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +2.5(lw).15 G(ill cause the current command to abort.)-2.5 E F1 +(GLOBIGNORE)108 120 Q F0 3.118(Ac)144 132 S .618(olon-separated list of\ + patterns de\214ning the set of \214lenames to be ignored by pathname e) +-3.118 F(xpan-)-.15 E 3.131(sion. If)144 144 R 3.132<618c>3.131 G .632 +(lename matched by a pathname e)-3.132 F .632 +(xpansion pattern also matches one of the patterns in)-.15 F/F2 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(GLOBIGNORE)144 156 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 +(it is remo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(df).15 G(rom the list of matches.) +-2.5 E F1(HISTCONTR)108 168 Q(OL)-.3 E F0 2.654(Ac)144 180 S .153 (olon-separated list of v)-2.654 F .153(alues controlling ho)-.25 F 2.653(wc)-.25 G .153(ommands are sa)-2.653 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.653(do).15 G 2.653(nt)-2.653 G .153(he history list.)-2.653 F .153(If the list) -5.153 F .49(of v)144 120 R .49(alues includes)-.25 F/F4 10 +5.153 F .49(of v)144 192 R .49(alues includes)-.25 F/F4 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(ignor)2.99 E(espace)-.37 E F0 2.99(,l).18 G .49 -(ines which be)-2.99 F .491(gin with a)-.15 F F3(space)2.991 E F0 .491 +(ines which be)-2.99 F .491(gin with a)-.15 F F1(space)2.991 E F0 .491 (character are not sa)2.991 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.991(di).15 G 2.991(nt) --2.991 G .491(he his-)-2.991 F .558(tory list.)144 132 R 3.058(Av)5.558 +-2.991 G .491(he his-)-2.991 F .558(tory list.)144 204 R 3.058(Av)5.558 G .558(alue of)-3.308 F F4(ignor)3.068 E(edups)-.37 E F0 .558 (causes lines matching the pre)3.328 F .557 (vious history entry to not be sa)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(d.).15 E 2.958 -(Av)144 144 S .458(alue of)-3.208 F F4(ignor)2.968 E(eboth)-.37 E F0 +(Av)144 216 S .458(alue of)-3.208 F F4(ignor)2.968 E(eboth)-.37 E F0 .458(is shorthand for)3.238 F F4(ignor)2.959 E(espace)-.37 E F0(and) 2.959 E F4(ignor)2.959 E(edups)-.37 E F0 5.459(.A)C -.25(va)-2.5 G .459 (lue of).25 F F4(er)2.959 E(asedups)-.15 E F0(causes)2.959 E .699 -(all pre)144 156 R .698 +(all pre)144 228 R .698 (vious lines matching the current line to be remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.198(df).15 G .698(rom the history list before that line is)-3.198 F -(sa)144 168 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.763(d. An).15 F 2.763(yv)-.15 G .263 +(sa)144 240 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.763(d. An).15 F 2.763(yv)-.15 G .263 (alue not in the abo)-3.013 F .563 -.15(ve l)-.15 H .263 -(ist is ignored.).15 F(If)5.263 E F1(HISTCONTR)2.763 E(OL)-.27 E F0 .264 -(is unset, or does not include)2.513 F 2.942(av)144 180 S .442(alid v) +(ist is ignored.).15 F(If)5.263 E F2(HISTCONTR)2.763 E(OL)-.27 E F0 .264 +(is unset, or does not include)2.513 F 2.942(av)144 252 S .442(alid v) -3.192 F .442(alue, all lines read by the shell parser are sa)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.941(do).15 G 2.941(nt)-2.941 G .441 -(he history list, subject to the v)-2.941 F .441(alue of)-.25 F F1 -(HISTIGNORE)144 192 Q F2(.)A F0 1.981(The second and subsequent lines o\ +(he history list, subject to the v)-2.941 F .441(alue of)-.25 F F2 +(HISTIGNORE)144 264 Q F3(.)A F0 1.981(The second and subsequent lines o\ f a multi-line compound command are not)6.481 F -(tested, and are added to the history re)144 204 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G -(rdless of the v).05 E(alue of)-.25 E F1(HISTCONTR)2.5 E(OL)-.27 E F2(.) -A F3(HISTFILE)108 216 Q F0 .181 -(The name of the \214le in which command history is sa)144 228 R -.15 -(ve)-.2 G 2.681(d\().15 G(see)-2.681 E F1(HIST)2.681 E(OR)-.162 E(Y) +(tested, and are added to the history re)144 276 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G +(rdless of the v).05 E(alue of)-.25 E F2(HISTCONTR)2.5 E(OL)-.27 E F3(.) +A F1(HISTFILE)108 288 Q F0 .181 +(The name of the \214le in which command history is sa)144 300 R -.15 +(ve)-.2 G 2.681(d\().15 G(see)-2.681 E F2(HIST)2.681 E(OR)-.162 E(Y) -.315 E F0(belo)2.431 E 2.681(w\). The)-.25 F(def)2.681 E .181(ault v) --.1 F(alue)-.25 E(is)144 240 Q F4(~/.bash_history)2.5 E F0 5(.I)C 2.5 +-.1 F(alue)-.25 E(is)144 312 Q F4(~/.bash_history)2.5 E F0 5(.I)C 2.5 (fu)-5 G(nset, the command history is not sa)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5 -(dw).15 G(hen a shell e)-2.5 E(xits.)-.15 E F3(HISTFILESIZE)108 252 Q F0 +(dw).15 G(hen a shell e)-2.5 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(HISTFILESIZE)108 324 Q F0 1.622(The maximum number of lines contained in the history \214le.)144 -264 R 1.623(When this v)6.623 F 1.623(ariable is assigned a)-.25 F -.25 -(va)144 276 S .932(lue, the history \214le is truncated, if necessary) +336 R 1.623(When this v)6.623 F 1.623(ariable is assigned a)-.25 F -.25 +(va)144 348 S .932(lue, the history \214le is truncated, if necessary) .25 F 3.432(,t)-.65 G 3.432(oc)-3.432 G .932 -(ontain no more than that number of lines by)-3.432 F(remo)144 288 Q .87 +(ontain no more than that number of lines by)-3.432 F(remo)144 360 Q .87 (ving the oldest entries.)-.15 F .871(The history \214le is also trunca\ -ted to this size after writing it when a)5.87 F 1.245(shell e)144 300 R +ted to this size after writing it when a)5.87 F 1.245(shell e)144 372 R 3.745(xits. If)-.15 F 1.244(the v)3.744 F 1.244 (alue is 0, the history \214le is truncated to zero size.)-.25 F 1.244 -(Non-numeric v)6.244 F 1.244(alues and)-.25 F 1.021(numeric v)144 312 R +(Non-numeric v)6.244 F 1.244(alues and)-.25 F 1.021(numeric v)144 384 R 1.022(alues less than zero inhibit truncation.)-.25 F 1.022 (The shell sets the def)6.022 F 1.022(ault v)-.1 F 1.022(alue to the v) --.25 F 1.022(alue of)-.25 F F3(HISTSIZE)144 324 Q F0(after reading an) -2.5 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G(tartup \214les.)-2.5 E F3(HISTIGNORE)108 336 Q F0 -2.658(Ac)144 348 S .158(olon-separated list of patterns used to decide \ +-.25 F 1.022(alue of)-.25 F F1(HISTSIZE)144 396 Q F0(after reading an) +2.5 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G(tartup \214les.)-2.5 E F1(HISTIGNORE)108 408 Q F0 +2.658(Ac)144 420 S .158(olon-separated list of patterns used to decide \ which command lines should be sa)-2.658 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.657(do).15 G -2.657(nt)-2.657 G .157(he his-)-2.657 F .707(tory list.)144 360 R .707 +2.657(nt)-2.657 G .157(he his-)-2.657 F .707(tory list.)144 432 R .707 (Each pattern is anchored at the be)5.707 F .708 (ginning of the line and must match the complete line)-.15 F .626 -(\(no implicit `)144 372 R F3(*)A F0 3.126('i)C 3.126(sa)-3.126 G 3.126 +(\(no implicit `)144 444 R F1(*)A F0 3.126('i)C 3.126(sa)-3.126 G 3.126 (ppended\). Each)-3.126 F .626(pattern is tested ag)3.126 F .625 -(ainst the line after the checks speci\214ed by)-.05 F F1(HISTCONTR)144 -384 Q(OL)-.27 E F0 1.793(are applied.)4.043 F 1.793 +(ainst the line after the checks speci\214ed by)-.05 F F2(HISTCONTR)144 +456 Q(OL)-.27 E F0 1.793(are applied.)4.043 F 1.793 (In addition to the normal shell pattern matching characters, `)6.793 F -F3(&)A F0(')A 2.515(matches the pre)144 396 R 2.515(vious history line.) --.25 F(`)7.514 E F3(&)A F0 5.014('m)C 2.514 -(ay be escaped using a backslash; the backslash is)-5.014 F(remo)144 408 +F1(&)A F0(')A 2.515(matches the pre)144 468 R 2.515(vious history line.) +-.25 F(`)7.514 E F1(&)A F0 5.014('m)C 2.514 +(ay be escaped using a backslash; the backslash is)-5.014 F(remo)144 480 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.352(db).15 G .852(efore attempting a match.)-3.352 F .852(The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line compound)5.852 F -(command are not tested, and are added to the history re)144 420 Q -.05 -(ga)-.15 G(rdless of the v).05 E(alue of)-.25 E F1(HISTIGNORE)2.5 E F2 -(.)A F3(HISTSIZE)108 432 Q F0 1.387 -(The number of commands to remember in the command history \(see)144 444 -R F1(HIST)3.887 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)3.637 E 3.887(w\). If) --.25 F(the)3.887 E -.25(va)144 456 S 1.32(lue is 0, commands are not sa) +(command are not tested, and are added to the history re)144 492 Q -.05 +(ga)-.15 G(rdless of the v).05 E(alue of)-.25 E F2(HISTIGNORE)2.5 E F3 +(.)A F1(HISTSIZE)108 504 Q F0 1.387 +(The number of commands to remember in the command history \(see)144 516 +R F2(HIST)3.887 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)3.637 E 3.887(w\). If) +-.25 F(the)3.887 E -.25(va)144 528 S 1.32(lue is 0, commands are not sa) .25 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.82(di).15 G 3.821(nt)-3.82 G 1.321 (he history list.)-3.821 F 1.321(Numeric v)6.321 F 1.321 -(alues less than zero result in)-.25 F -2.15 -.25(ev e)144 468 T .437 +(alues less than zero result in)-.25 F -2.15 -.25(ev e)144 540 T .437 (ry command being sa).25 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.937(do).15 G 2.937(nt)-2.937 G .437(he history list \(there is no limit\).)-2.937 F .436 (The shell sets the def)5.436 F .436(ault v)-.1 F(alue)-.25 E -(to 500 after reading an)144 480 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(tartup \214les.)-2.5 E -F3(HISTTIMEFORMA)108 492 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .951(If this v)144 504 R .951 +(to 500 after reading an)144 552 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(tartup \214les.)-2.5 E +F1(HISTTIMEFORMA)108 564 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .951(If this v)144 576 R .951 (ariable is set and not null, its v)-.25 F .952 (alue is used as a format string for)-.25 F F4(strftime)3.452 E F0 .952 (\(3\) to print the)B .673 -(time stamp associated with each history entry displayed by the)144 516 -R F3(history)3.173 E F0 -.2(bu)3.172 G 3.172(iltin. If).2 F .672(this v) +(time stamp associated with each history entry displayed by the)144 588 +R F1(history)3.173 E F0 -.2(bu)3.172 G 3.172(iltin. If).2 F .672(this v) 3.172 F .672(ariable is)-.25 F .144 -(set, time stamps are written to the history \214le so the)144 528 R +(set, time stamps are written to the history \214le so the)144 600 R 2.644(ym)-.15 G .144(ay be preserv)-2.644 F .144 (ed across shell sessions.)-.15 F(This)5.145 E(uses the history comment\ - character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines.)144 540 Q -F3(HOME)108 552 Q F0 1.27 -(The home directory of the current user; the def)144 564 R 1.27(ault ar) --.1 F 1.27(gument for the)-.18 F F3(cd)3.77 E F0 -.2(bu)3.77 G 1.27 -(iltin command.).2 F(The)6.27 E -.25(va)144 576 S(lue of this v).25 E -(ariable is also used when performing tilde e)-.25 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F3 -(HOSTFILE)108 588 Q F0 1.015 -(Contains the name of a \214le in the same format as)144 600 R F4 + character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines.)144 612 Q +F1(HOME)108 624 Q F0 1.27 +(The home directory of the current user; the def)144 636 R 1.27(ault ar) +-.1 F 1.27(gument for the)-.18 F F1(cd)3.77 E F0 -.2(bu)3.77 G 1.27 +(iltin command.).2 F(The)6.27 E -.25(va)144 648 S(lue of this v).25 E +(ariable is also used when performing tilde e)-.25 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 +(HOSTFILE)108 660 Q F0 1.015 +(Contains the name of a \214le in the same format as)144 672 R F4 (/etc/hosts)5.181 E F0 1.015(that should be read when the shell)5.181 F -.551(needs to complete a hostname.)144 612 R .551 +.551(needs to complete a hostname.)144 684 R .551 (The list of possible hostname completions may be changed while)5.551 F -1.058(the shell is running; the ne)144 624 R 1.059 +1.058(the shell is running; the ne)144 696 R 1.059 (xt time hostname completion is attempted after the v)-.15 F 1.059 -(alue is changed,)-.25 F F3(bash)144 636 Q F0 .138 +(alue is changed,)-.25 F F1(bash)144 708 Q F0 .138 (adds the contents of the ne)2.639 F 2.638<778c>-.25 G .138(le to the e) --2.638 F .138(xisting list.)-.15 F(If)5.138 E F1(HOSTFILE)2.638 E F0 -.138(is set, b)2.388 F .138(ut has no v)-.2 F .138(alue, or)-.25 F .517 -(does not name a readable \214le,)144 648 R F3(bash)3.017 E F0 .517 -(attempts to read)3.017 F F4(/etc/hosts)4.684 E F0 .518 -(to obtain the list of possible host-)4.684 F(name completions.)144 660 -Q(When)5 E F1(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(is unset, the hostname list is cleared.) -2.25 E F3(IFS)108 672 Q F0(The)144 672 Q F4 .556(Internal F)3.636 F .556 -(ield Separ)-.45 F(ator)-.15 E F0 .556(that is used for w)3.786 F .556 -(ord splitting after e)-.1 F .555(xpansion and to split lines into)-.15 -F -.1(wo)144 684 S(rds with the).1 E F3 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E(The def)5 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue is `)-.25 E -(`')-.25 E('.)-.74 E F3(IGNOREEOF)108 696 Q -F0 .503(Controls the action of an interacti)144 708 R .803 -.15(ve s) --.25 H .503(hell on receipt of an).15 F F1(EOF)3.003 E F0 .503 -(character as the sole input.)2.753 F .504(If set,)5.504 F .426(the v) -144 720 R .426(alue is the number of consecuti)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F1 -(EOF)3.076 E F0 .426 -(characters which must be typed as the \214rst characters)2.676 F -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(15)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +-2.638 F .138(xisting list.)-.15 F(If)5.138 E F2(HOSTFILE)2.638 E F0 +.138(is set, b)2.388 F .138(ut has no v)-.2 F .138(alue, or)-.25 F 1.956 +(does not name a readable \214le,)144 720 R F1(bash)4.456 E F0 1.956 +(attempts to read)4.456 F F4(/etc/hosts)6.122 E F0 1.956 +(to obtain the list of possible)6.122 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q +(2015 June 5)150.675 E(15)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 16 16 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .302 -(on an input line before)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)2.802 E F0 --.15(ex)2.802 G 2.802(its. If).15 F .302(the v)2.802 F .302(ariable e) --.25 F .302(xists b)-.15 F .302(ut does not ha)-.2 F .602 -.15(ve a n) --.2 H .302(umeric v).15 F .303(alue, or has)-.25 F(no v)144 96 Q -(alue, the def)-.25 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue is 10.)-.25 E(If it does not e)5 -E(xist,)-.15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(EOF)2.5 E F0 -(signi\214es the end of input to the shell.)2.25 E F1(INPUTRC)108 108 Q -F0 1.436(The \214lename for the)144 120 R F1 -.18(re)3.936 G(adline).18 -E F0 1.436(startup \214le, o)3.936 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.436 -(rriding the def).15 F 1.436(ault of)-.1 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(~/.inputr)5.602 E(c)-.37 E F0(\(see)5.601 E F2(READLINE)3.935 E F0 -(belo)144 132 Q(w\).)-.25 E F1(LANG)108 144 Q F0 1.239 -(Used to determine the locale cate)144 144 R 1.239(gory for an)-.15 F -3.739(yc)-.15 G(ate)-3.739 E 1.24 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E +(hostname completions.)144 84 Q(When)5 E/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HOSTFILE) +2.5 E F0(is unset, the hostname list is cleared.)2.25 E/F2 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)108 96 Q F0(The)144 96 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +.556(Internal F)3.636 F .556(ield Separ)-.45 F(ator)-.15 E F0 .556 +(that is used for w)3.786 F .556(ord splitting after e)-.1 F .555 +(xpansion and to split lines into)-.15 F -.1(wo)144 108 S(rds with the) +.1 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E +(The def)5 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue is `)-.25 E(`')-.25 E('.)-.74 E F2(IGNOREEOF)108 120 Q F0 .503 +(Controls the action of an interacti)144 132 R .803 -.15(ve s)-.25 H +.503(hell on receipt of an).15 F F1(EOF)3.003 E F0 .503 +(character as the sole input.)2.753 F .504(If set,)5.504 F .426(the v) +144 144 R .426(alue is the number of consecuti)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F1 +(EOF)3.076 E F0 .426 +(characters which must be typed as the \214rst characters)2.676 F .302 +(on an input line before)144 156 R F2(bash)2.802 E F0 -.15(ex)2.802 G +2.802(its. If).15 F .302(the v)2.802 F .302(ariable e)-.25 F .302 +(xists b)-.15 F .302(ut does not ha)-.2 F .602 -.15(ve a n)-.2 H .302 +(umeric v).15 F .303(alue, or has)-.25 F(no v)144 168 Q(alue, the def) +-.25 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue is 10.)-.25 E(If it does not e)5 E(xist,)-.15 E +F1(EOF)2.5 E F0(signi\214es the end of input to the shell.)2.25 E F2 +(INPUTRC)108 180 Q F0 1.436(The \214lename for the)144 192 R F2 -.18(re) +3.936 G(adline).18 E F0 1.436(startup \214le, o)3.936 F -.15(ve)-.15 G +1.436(rriding the def).15 F 1.436(ault of)-.1 F F3(~/.inputr)5.602 E(c) +-.37 E F0(\(see)5.601 E F1(READLINE)3.935 E F0(belo)144 204 Q(w\).)-.25 +E F2(LANG)108 216 Q F0 1.239(Used to determine the locale cate)144 216 R +1.239(gory for an)-.15 F 3.739(yc)-.15 G(ate)-3.739 E 1.24 (gory not speci\214cally selected with a v)-.15 F(ariable)-.25 E -(starting with)144 156 Q F1(LC_)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(LC_ALL)108 168 Q F0 .974 -(This v)144 180 R .974(ariable o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .974 -(rrides the v).15 F .973(alue of)-.25 F F2(LANG)3.473 E F0 .973(and an) -3.223 F 3.473(yo)-.15 G(ther)-3.473 E F1(LC_)3.473 E F0 -.25(va)3.473 G -.973(riable specifying a locale cate-).25 F(gory)144 192 Q(.)-.65 E F1 -(LC_COLLA)108 204 Q(TE)-.95 E F0 .411(This v)144 216 R .412(ariable det\ +(starting with)144 228 Q F2(LC_)2.5 E F0(.)A F2(LC_ALL)108 240 Q F0 .974 +(This v)144 252 R .974(ariable o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .974 +(rrides the v).15 F .973(alue of)-.25 F F1(LANG)3.473 E F0 .973(and an) +3.223 F 3.473(yo)-.15 G(ther)-3.473 E F2(LC_)3.473 E F0 -.25(va)3.473 G +.973(riable specifying a locale cate-).25 F(gory)144 264 Q(.)-.65 E F2 +(LC_COLLA)108 276 Q(TE)-.95 E F0 .411(This v)144 288 R .412(ariable det\ ermines the collation order used when sorting the results of pathname e) --.25 F(xpansion,)-.15 E 1.465(and determines the beha)144 228 R 1.465 +-.25 F(xpansion,)-.15 E 1.465(and determines the beha)144 300 R 1.465 (vior of range e)-.2 F 1.464(xpressions, equi)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.464(lence classes, and collating sequences).25 F(within pathname e)144 -240 Q(xpansion and pattern matching.)-.15 E F1(LC_CTYPE)108 252 Q F0 -1.935(This v)144 264 R 1.936 +312 Q(xpansion and pattern matching.)-.15 E F2(LC_CTYPE)108 324 Q F0 +1.935(This v)144 336 R 1.936 (ariable determines the interpretation of characters and the beha)-.25 F -1.936(vior of character classes)-.2 F(within pathname e)144 276 Q -(xpansion and pattern matching.)-.15 E F1(LC_MESSA)108 288 Q(GES)-.55 E -F0(This v)144 300 Q(ariable determines the locale used to translate dou\ -ble-quoted strings preceded by a)-.25 E F1($)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(LC_NUMERIC) -108 312 Q F0(This v)144 324 Q(ariable determines the locale cate)-.25 E -(gory used for number formatting.)-.15 E F1(LINES)108 336 Q F0 .055 -(Used by the)144 336 R F1(select)2.555 E F0 .054(compound command to de\ +1.936(vior of character classes)-.2 F(within pathname e)144 348 Q +(xpansion and pattern matching.)-.15 E F2(LC_MESSA)108 360 Q(GES)-.55 E +F0(This v)144 372 Q(ariable determines the locale used to translate dou\ +ble-quoted strings preceded by a)-.25 E F2($)2.5 E F0(.)A F2(LC_NUMERIC) +108 384 Q F0(This v)144 396 Q(ariable determines the locale cate)-.25 E +(gory used for number formatting.)-.15 E F2(LINES)108 408 Q F0 .055 +(Used by the)144 408 R F2(select)2.555 E F0 .054(compound command to de\ termine the column length for printing selection lists.)2.555 F .264 -(Automatically set if the)144 348 R F1(checkwinsize)2.764 E F0 .264 +(Automatically set if the)144 420 R F2(checkwinsize)2.764 E F0 .264 (option is enabled or in an interacti)2.764 F .565 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .265 -(hell upon receipt of a).15 F F2(SIGWINCH)144 360 Q/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 -SF(.)A F1(MAIL)108 372 Q F0 1.201 -(If this parameter is set to a \214le or directory name and the)144 372 -R F2(MAILP)3.701 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 -.25(va)3.451 G 1.201 -(riable is not set,).25 F F1(bash)3.701 E F0 -(informs the user of the arri)144 384 Q -.25(va)-.25 G 2.5(lo).25 G 2.5 +(hell upon receipt of a).15 F F1(SIGWINCH)144 432 Q/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 +SF(.)A F2(MAIL)108 444 Q F0 1.201 +(If this parameter is set to a \214le or directory name and the)144 444 +R F1(MAILP)3.701 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 -.25(va)3.451 G 1.201 +(riable is not set,).25 F F2(bash)3.701 E F0 +(informs the user of the arri)144 456 Q -.25(va)-.25 G 2.5(lo).25 G 2.5 (fm)-2.5 G(ail in the speci\214ed \214le or Maildir)-2.5 E -(-format directory)-.2 E(.)-.65 E F1(MAILCHECK)108 396 Q F0 .098 -(Speci\214es ho)144 408 R 2.598(wo)-.25 G .098(ften \(in seconds\)) --2.598 F F1(bash)2.598 E F0 .098(checks for mail.)2.598 F .098(The def) +(-format directory)-.2 E(.)-.65 E F2(MAILCHECK)108 468 Q F0 .098 +(Speci\214es ho)144 480 R 2.598(wo)-.25 G .098(ften \(in seconds\)) +-2.598 F F2(bash)2.598 E F0 .098(checks for mail.)2.598 F .098(The def) 5.098 F .098(ault is 60 seconds.)-.1 F .099(When it is time)5.099 F .224 (to check for mail, the shell does so before displaying the primary pro\ -mpt.)144 420 R .223(If this v)5.223 F .223(ariable is unset,)-.25 F -(or set to a v)144 432 Q(alue that is not a number greater than or equa\ -l to zero, the shell disables mail checking.)-.25 E F1(MAILP)108 444 Q --.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 2.99(Ac)144 456 S .49 +mpt.)144 492 R .223(If this v)5.223 F .223(ariable is unset,)-.25 F +(or set to a v)144 504 Q(alue that is not a number greater than or equa\ +l to zero, the shell disables mail checking.)-.25 E F2(MAILP)108 516 Q +-.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 2.99(Ac)144 528 S .49 (olon-separated list of \214lenames to be check)-2.99 F .49 (ed for mail.)-.1 F .49(The message to be printed when mail)5.49 F(arri) -144 468 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.62(si).15 G 2.62(nap)-2.62 G .12(articular \ +144 540 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.62(si).15 G 2.62(nap)-2.62 G .12(articular \ \214le may be speci\214ed by separating the \214lename from the message\ - with a `?'.)-2.62 F(When used in the te)144 480 Q(xt of the message,) --.15 E F1($_)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(pands to the name of the current mail\214le.).15 E(Example:)5 E F1 -(MAILP)144 492 Q -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0(=\010/v)A(ar/mail/bfox?"Y) + with a `?'.)-2.62 F(When used in the te)144 552 Q(xt of the message,) +-.15 E F2($_)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +(pands to the name of the current mail\214le.).15 E(Example:)5 E F2 +(MAILP)144 564 Q -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0(=\010/v)A(ar/mail/bfox?"Y) -.25 E(ou ha)-1.1 E .3 -.15(ve m)-.2 H -(ail":~/shell\255mail?"$_ has mail!"\010).15 E F1(Bash)144 504 Q F0 .388 +(ail":~/shell\255mail?"$_ has mail!"\010).15 E F2(Bash)144 576 Q F0 .388 (supplies a def)2.888 F .388(ault v)-.1 F .388(alue for this v)-.25 F .388(ariable, b)-.25 F .389 (ut the location of the user mail \214les that it uses is)-.2 F -(system dependent \(e.g., /v)144 516 Q(ar/mail/)-.25 E F1($USER)A F0 -(\).)A F1(OPTERR)108 528 Q F0 .39(If set to the v)144 540 R .39(alue 1,) --.25 F F1(bash)2.89 E F0 .389(displays error messages generated by the) -2.889 F F1(getopts)2.889 E F0 -.2(bu)2.889 G .389(iltin command \(see).2 -F F2 .359(SHELL B)144 552 R(UIL)-.09 E .359(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 -(belo)2.609 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(OPTERR)5.359 E F0 .36 +(system dependent \(e.g., /v)144 588 Q(ar/mail/)-.25 E F2($USER)A F0 +(\).)A F2(OPTERR)108 600 Q F0 .39(If set to the v)144 612 R .39(alue 1,) +-.25 F F2(bash)2.89 E F0 .389(displays error messages generated by the) +2.889 F F2(getopts)2.889 E F0 -.2(bu)2.889 G .389(iltin command \(see).2 +F F1 .359(SHELL B)144 624 R(UIL)-.09 E .359(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 +(belo)2.609 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(OPTERR)5.359 E F0 .36 (is initialized to 1 each time the shell is in)2.609 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 -(ke).2 G(d).1 E(or a shell script is e)144 564 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.) -.15 E F1 -.74(PA)108 576 S(TH)-.21 E F0 .588 -(The search path for commands.)144 576 R .587 +(ke).2 G(d).1 E(or a shell script is e)144 636 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.) +.15 E F2 -.74(PA)108 648 S(TH)-.21 E F0 .588 +(The search path for commands.)144 648 R .587 (It is a colon-separated list of directories in which the shell looks) -5.588 F .471(for commands \(see)144 588 R F2 .471(COMMAND EXECUTION) +5.588 F .471(for commands \(see)144 660 R F1 .471(COMMAND EXECUTION) 2.971 F F0(belo)2.722 E 2.972(w\). A)-.25 F .472 -(zero-length \(null\) directory name in the)2.972 F -.25(va)144 600 S -.536(lue of).25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.036 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .535 +(zero-length \(null\) directory name in the)2.972 F -.25(va)144 672 S +.536(lue of).25 F F1 -.666(PA)3.036 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .535 (indicates the current directory)2.786 F 5.535(.A)-.65 G .535 (null directory name may appear as tw)-2.5 F 3.035(oa)-.1 G(djacent) --3.035 E .867(colons, or as an initial or trailing colon.)144 612 R .868 +-3.035 E .867(colons, or as an initial or trailing colon.)144 684 R .868 (The def)5.868 F .868(ault path is system-dependent, and is set by the) --.1 F 26.329(administrator who installs)144 624 R F1(bash)28.829 E F0 +-.1 F 26.329(administrator who installs)144 696 R F2(bash)28.829 E F0 31.329(.A)C 26.328(common v)-2.501 F 26.328(alue is)-.25 F/F5 10 /Courier@0 SF -(/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin)144 636 Q -F0(.)A F1(POSIXL)108 648 Q(Y_CORRECT)-.92 E F0 .471(If this v)144 660 R -.471(ariable is in the en)-.25 F .471(vironment when)-.4 F F1(bash)2.971 -E F0 .471(starts, the shell enters)2.971 F F3 .472(posix mode)2.972 F F0 -.472(before reading)2.972 F .011(the startup \214les, as if the)144 672 -R F1(\255\255posix)2.511 E F0(in)2.511 E -.2(vo)-.4 G .011 -(cation option had been supplied.).2 F .011 -(If it is set while the shell is)5.011 F(running,)144 684 Q F1(bash)2.5 -E F0(enables)2.5 E F3(posix mode)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C 2.5(si)-2.5 G 2.5(ft) --2.5 G(he command)-2.5 E F5(set -o posix)2.5 E F0(had been e)2.5 E -.15 -(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(PR)108 696 Q(OMPT_COMMAND)-.3 E F0 -(If set, the v)144 708 Q(alue is e)-.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuted as a command prior to issuing each primary prompt.).15 E -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(16)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +(/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin)144 708 Q +F0(.)A(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(16)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 17 17 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(PR)108 84 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.3 E(TRIM)-.4 E F0 .676 -(If set to a number greater than zero, the v)144 96 R .676 +SF(POSIXL)108 84 Q(Y_CORRECT)-.92 E F0 .471(If this v)144 96 R .471 +(ariable is in the en)-.25 F .471(vironment when)-.4 F F1(bash)2.971 E +F0 .471(starts, the shell enters)2.971 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .472 +(posix mode)2.972 F F0 .472(before reading)2.972 F .011 +(the startup \214les, as if the)144 108 R F1(\255\255posix)2.511 E F0 +(in)2.511 E -.2(vo)-.4 G .011(cation option had been supplied.).2 F .011 +(If it is set while the shell is)5.011 F(running,)144 120 Q F1(bash)2.5 +E F0(enables)2.5 E F2(posix mode)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C 2.5(si)-2.5 G 2.5(ft) +-2.5 G(he command)-2.5 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF(set -o posix)2.5 E F0 +(had been e)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(PR)108 132 Q +(OMPT_COMMAND)-.3 E F0(If set, the v)144 144 Q(alue is e)-.25 E -.15(xe) +-.15 G(cuted as a command prior to issuing each primary prompt.).15 E F1 +(PR)108 156 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.3 E(TRIM)-.4 E F0 .676 +(If set to a number greater than zero, the v)144 168 R .676 (alue is used as the number of trailing directory compo-)-.25 F .923 -(nents to retain when e)144 108 R .923(xpanding the)-.15 F F1(\\w)3.423 +(nents to retain when e)144 180 R .923(xpanding the)-.15 F F1(\\w)3.423 E F0(and)3.423 E F1(\\W)3.423 E F0 .923(prompt string escapes \(see) -3.423 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)3.423 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(belo)3.173 E -(w\).)-.25 E(Characters remo)144 120 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G -(re replaced with an ellipsis.)-2.5 E F1(PS1)108 132 Q F0 .064(The v)144 -132 R .065(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .065(xpanded \(see)-.15 F -F2(PR)2.565 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(belo)2.315 E .065 -(w\) and used as the primary prompt)-.25 F 2.5(string. The)144 144 R +3.423 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)3.423 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(belo)3.173 E +(w\).)-.25 E(Characters remo)144 192 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G +(re replaced with an ellipsis.)-2.5 E F1(PS1)108 204 Q F0 .064(The v)144 +204 R .065(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .065(xpanded \(see)-.15 F +F4(PR)2.565 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(belo)2.315 E .065 +(w\) and used as the primary prompt)-.25 F 2.5(string. The)144 216 R (def)2.5 E(ault v)-.1 E(alue is `)-.25 E(`)-.74 E F1(\\s\255\\v\\$)A F0 --.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(PS2)108 156 Q F0 .118(The v)144 156 R .118 -(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .118(xpanded as with)-.15 F F2(PS1) +-.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(PS2)108 228 Q F0 .118(The v)144 228 R .118 +(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .118(xpanded as with)-.15 F F4(PS1) 2.617 E F0 .117(and used as the secondary prompt string.)2.367 F(The) -5.117 E(def)144 168 Q(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F1(>)A F0 -.74('')2.5 G -(.).74 E F1(PS3)108 180 Q F0 1.115(The v)144 180 R 1.115 +5.117 E(def)144 240 Q(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F1(>)A F0 -.74('')2.5 G +(.).74 E F1(PS3)108 252 Q F0 1.115(The v)144 252 R 1.115 (alue of this parameter is used as the prompt for the)-.25 F F1(select) -3.615 E F0 1.116(command \(see)3.616 F F2 1.116(SHELL GRAM-)3.616 F(MAR) -144 192 Q F0(abo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(PS4)108 204 Q F0 -.101(The v)144 204 R .101(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .101 -(xpanded as with)-.15 F F2(PS1)2.6 E F0 .1(and the v)2.35 F .1 -(alue is printed before each command)-.25 F F1(bash)144 216 Q F0 .291 +3.615 E F0 1.116(command \(see)3.616 F F4 1.116(SHELL GRAM-)3.616 F(MAR) +144 264 Q F0(abo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(PS4)108 276 Q F0 +.101(The v)144 276 R .101(alue of this parameter is e)-.25 F .101 +(xpanded as with)-.15 F F4(PS1)2.6 E F0 .1(and the v)2.35 F .1 +(alue is printed before each command)-.25 F F1(bash)144 288 Q F0 .291 (displays during an e)2.791 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .292(cution trace.).15 F -.292(The \214rst character of)5.292 F F2(PS4)2.792 E F0 .292 -(is replicated multiple times, as)2.542 F(necessary)144 228 Q 2.5(,t) +.292(The \214rst character of)5.292 F F4(PS4)2.792 E F0 .292 +(is replicated multiple times, as)2.542 F(necessary)144 300 Q 2.5(,t) -.65 G 2.5(oi)-2.5 G(ndicate multiple le)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G (ls of indirection.).15 E(The def)5 E(ault is `)-.1 E(`)-.74 E F1(+)A F0 --.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(SHELL)108 240 Q F0 .664 -(The full pathname to the shell is k)144 252 R .664(ept in this en)-.1 F +-.74('')2.5 G(.).74 E F1(SHELL)108 312 Q F0 .664 +(The full pathname to the shell is k)144 324 R .664(ept in this en)-.1 F .664(vironment v)-.4 F 3.164(ariable. If)-.25 F .663 -(it is not set when the shell)3.164 F(starts,)144 264 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 +(it is not set when the shell)3.164 F(starts,)144 336 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 (assigns to it the full pathname of the current user')2.5 E 2.5(sl)-.55 -G(ogin shell.)-2.5 E F1(TIMEFORMA)108 276 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .826(The v)144 -288 R .826 +G(ogin shell.)-2.5 E F1(TIMEFORMA)108 348 Q(T)-.95 E F0 .826(The v)144 +360 R .826 (alue of this parameter is used as a format string specifying ho)-.25 F 3.327(wt)-.25 G .827(he timing information for)-3.327 F .649 -(pipelines pre\214x)144 300 R .649(ed with the)-.15 F F1(time)3.149 E F0 +(pipelines pre\214x)144 372 R .649(ed with the)-.15 F F1(time)3.149 E F0 (reserv)3.149 E .649(ed w)-.15 F .648(ord should be displayed.)-.1 F (The)5.648 E F1(%)3.148 E F0 .648(character introduces)3.148 F .711 -(an escape sequence that is e)144 312 R .711(xpanded to a time v)-.15 F +(an escape sequence that is e)144 384 R .711(xpanded to a time v)-.15 F .712(alue or other information.)-.25 F .712(The escape sequences)5.712 F -(and their meanings are as follo)144 324 Q -(ws; the braces denote optional portions.)-.25 E F1(%%)144 342 Q F0 2.5 -(Al)194 342 S(iteral)-2.5 E F1(%)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(%[)144 354 Q/F3 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(p)A F1(][l]R)A F0(The elapsed time in seconds.)194 -354 Q F1(%[)144 366 Q F3(p)A F1(][l]U)A F0 -(The number of CPU seconds spent in user mode.)194 366 Q F1(%[)144 378 Q -F3(p)A F1(][l]S)A F0(The number of CPU seconds spent in system mode.)194 -378 Q F1(%P)144 390 Q F0 -(The CPU percentage, computed as \(%U + %S\) / %R.)194 390 Q .87 -(The optional)144 406.8 R F3(p)3.37 E F0 .87(is a digit specifying the) -3.37 F F3(pr)3.37 E(ecision)-.37 E F0 3.37(,t)C .87 +(and their meanings are as follo)144 396 Q +(ws; the braces denote optional portions.)-.25 E F1(%%)144 414 Q F0 2.5 +(Al)194 414 S(iteral)-2.5 E F1(%)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(%[)144 426 Q F2(p)A F1 +(][l]R)A F0(The elapsed time in seconds.)194 426 Q F1(%[)144 438 Q F2(p) +A F1(][l]U)A F0(The number of CPU seconds spent in user mode.)194 438 Q +F1(%[)144 450 Q F2(p)A F1(][l]S)A F0 +(The number of CPU seconds spent in system mode.)194 450 Q F1(%P)144 462 +Q F0(The CPU percentage, computed as \(%U + %S\) / %R.)194 462 Q .87 +(The optional)144 478.8 R F2(p)3.37 E F0 .87(is a digit specifying the) +3.37 F F2(pr)3.37 E(ecision)-.37 E F0 3.37(,t)C .87 (he number of fractional digits after a decimal)-3.37 F 2.525(point. A) -144 418.8 R -.25(va)2.525 G .025 +144 490.8 R -.25(va)2.525 G .025 (lue of 0 causes no decimal point or fraction to be output.).25 F .026 (At most three places after the)5.025 F .538 -(decimal point may be speci\214ed; v)144 430.8 R .538(alues of)-.25 F F3 +(decimal point may be speci\214ed; v)144 502.8 R .538(alues of)-.25 F F2 (p)3.038 E F0 .537(greater than 3 are changed to 3.)3.037 F(If)5.537 E -F3(p)3.037 E F0 .537(is not speci\214ed,)3.037 F(the v)144 442.8 Q -(alue 3 is used.)-.25 E .667(The optional)144 459.6 R F1(l)3.167 E F0 +F2(p)3.037 E F0 .537(is not speci\214ed,)3.037 F(the v)144 514.8 Q +(alue 3 is used.)-.25 E .667(The optional)144 531.6 R F1(l)3.167 E F0 .668(speci\214es a longer format, including minutes, of the form)3.168 F -F3(MM)3.168 E F0(m)A F3(SS)A F0(.)A F3(FF)A F0 3.168(s. The)B -.25(va) -3.168 G(lue).25 E(of)144 471.6 Q F3(p)2.5 E F0 +F2(MM)3.168 E F0(m)A F2(SS)A F0(.)A F2(FF)A F0 3.168(s. The)B -.25(va) +3.168 G(lue).25 E(of)144 543.6 Q F2(p)2.5 E F0 (determines whether or not the fraction is included.)2.5 E 13.365 -(If this v)144 488.4 R 13.365(ariable is not set,)-.25 F F1(bash)15.865 +(If this v)144 560.4 R 13.365(ariable is not set,)-.25 F F1(bash)15.865 E F0 13.364(acts as if it had the v)15.865 F(alue)-.25 E F1($\010\\nr) -144 500.4 Q(eal\\t%3lR\\nuser\\t%3lU\\nsys\\t%3lS\010)-.18 E F0 7.113 +144 572.4 Q(eal\\t%3lR\\nuser\\t%3lU\\nsys\\t%3lS\010)-.18 E F0 7.113 (.I)C 4.613(ft)-7.113 G 2.113(he v)-4.613 F 2.113 (alue is null, no timing information is dis-)-.25 F 2.5(played. A)144 -512.4 R(trailing ne)2.5 E +584.4 R(trailing ne)2.5 E (wline is added when the format string is displayed.)-.25 E F1(TMOUT)108 -524.4 Q F0 .941(If set to a v)144 536.4 R .941(alue greater than zero,) --.25 F F2(TMOUT)3.441 E F0 .941(is treated as the def)3.191 F .941 +596.4 Q F0 .941(If set to a v)144 608.4 R .941(alue greater than zero,) +-.25 F F4(TMOUT)3.441 E F0 .941(is treated as the def)3.191 F .941 (ault timeout for the)-.1 F F1 -.18(re)3.441 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.441 -G(iltin.).2 E(The)144 548.4 Q F1(select)2.81 E F0 .31 +G(iltin.).2 E(The)144 620.4 Q F1(select)2.81 E F0 .31 (command terminates if input does not arri)2.81 F .611 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -(fter).15 E F2(TMOUT)2.811 E F0 .311(seconds when input is com-)2.561 F -.886(ing from a terminal.)144 560.4 R .886(In an interacti)5.886 F 1.185 +(fter).15 E F4(TMOUT)2.811 E F0 .311(seconds when input is com-)2.561 F +.886(ing from a terminal.)144 632.4 R .886(In an interacti)5.886 F 1.185 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .885(hell, the v).15 F .885 -(alue is interpreted as the number of seconds to)-.25 F -.1(wa)144 572.4 +(alue is interpreted as the number of seconds to)-.25 F -.1(wa)144 644.4 S 1.05(it for a line of input after issuing the primary prompt.).1 F F1 (Bash)6.05 E F0 1.05(terminates after w)3.55 F 1.05(aiting for that)-.1 -F(number of seconds if a complete line of input does not arri)144 584.4 -Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(TMPDIR)108 596.4 Q F0 .391(If set,)144 608.4 +F(number of seconds if a complete line of input does not arri)144 656.4 +Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(TMPDIR)108 668.4 Q F0 .391(If set,)144 680.4 R F1(bash)2.891 E F0 .391(uses its v)2.891 F .391 (alue as the name of a directory in which)-.25 F F1(bash)2.89 E F0 .39 -(creates temporary \214les for the)2.89 F(shell')144 620.4 Q 2.5(su)-.55 -G(se.)-2.5 E F1(auto_r)108 632.4 Q(esume)-.18 E F0 .53(This v)144 644.4 +(creates temporary \214les for the)2.89 F(shell')144 692.4 Q 2.5(su)-.55 +G(se.)-2.5 E F1(auto_r)108 704.4 Q(esume)-.18 E F0 .53(This v)144 716.4 R .53(ariable controls ho)-.25 F 3.03(wt)-.25 G .531 (he shell interacts with the user and job control.)-3.03 F .531 -(If this v)5.531 F .531(ariable is set,)-.25 F .539(single w)144 656.4 R +(If this v)5.531 F .531(ariable is set,)-.25 F .539(single w)144 728.4 R .538(ord simple commands without redirections are treated as candidates\ - for resumption of an)-.1 F -.15(ex)144 668.4 S .366(isting stopped job) -.15 F 5.366(.T)-.4 G .366(here is no ambiguity allo)-5.366 F .366 -(wed; if there is more than one job be)-.25 F .367(ginning with)-.15 F -1.125(the string typed, the job most recently accessed is selected.)144 -680.4 R(The)6.125 E F3(name)3.985 E F0 1.124(of a stopped job, in this) -3.805 F(conte)144 692.4 Q 1.132 -(xt, is the command line used to start it.)-.15 F 1.133(If set to the v) -6.133 F(alue)-.25 E F3 -.2(ex)3.633 G(act).2 E F0 3.633(,t).68 G 1.133 -(he string supplied must)-3.633 F .625 -(match the name of a stopped job e)144 704.4 R .624(xactly; if set to) --.15 F F3(substring)3.124 E F0 3.124(,t).22 G .624 -(he string supplied needs to match a)-3.124 F .884 -(substring of the name of a stopped job)144 716.4 R 5.884(.T)-.4 G(he) --5.884 E F3(substring)3.724 E F0 -.25(va)3.604 G .885(lue pro).25 F .885 -(vides functionality analogous to)-.15 F(the)144 728.4 Q F1(%?)3.334 E -F0 .834(job identi\214er \(see)5.834 F F2 .834(JOB CONTR)3.334 F(OL)-.27 -E F0(belo)3.084 E 3.334(w\). If)-.25 F .834(set to an)3.334 F 3.334(yo) --.15 G .834(ther v)-3.334 F .833(alue, the supplied string)-.25 F -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(17)198.445 E 0 Cg EP + for resumption of an)-.1 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E +(17)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 18 18 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .315 -(must be a pre\214x of a stopped job')144 84 R 2.816(sn)-.55 G .316 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -.15(ex)144 84 S +.366(isting stopped job).15 F 5.366(.T)-.4 G .366 +(here is no ambiguity allo)-5.366 F .366 +(wed; if there is more than one job be)-.25 F .367(ginning with)-.15 F +1.125(the string typed, the job most recently accessed is selected.)144 +96 R(The)6.125 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)3.985 E F0 1.124 +(of a stopped job, in this)3.805 F(conte)144 108 Q 1.132 +(xt, is the command line used to start it.)-.15 F 1.133(If set to the v) +6.133 F(alue)-.25 E F1 -.2(ex)3.633 G(act).2 E F0 3.633(,t).68 G 1.133 +(he string supplied must)-3.633 F .625 +(match the name of a stopped job e)144 120 R .624(xactly; if set to)-.15 +F F1(substring)3.124 E F0 3.124(,t).22 G .624 +(he string supplied needs to match a)-3.124 F .884 +(substring of the name of a stopped job)144 132 R 5.884(.T)-.4 G(he) +-5.884 E F1(substring)3.724 E F0 -.25(va)3.604 G .885(lue pro).25 F .885 +(vides functionality analogous to)-.15 F(the)144 144 Q/F2 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(%?)3.334 E F0 .834(job identi\214er \(see)5.834 F/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF .834(JOB CONTR)3.334 F(OL)-.27 E F0(belo)3.084 E 3.334 +(w\). If)-.25 F .834(set to an)3.334 F 3.334(yo)-.15 G .834(ther v) +-3.334 F .833(alue, the supplied string)-.25 F .315 +(must be a pre\214x of a stopped job')144 156 R 2.816(sn)-.55 G .316 (ame; this pro)-2.816 F .316(vides functionality analogous to the)-.15 F -/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(%)2.816 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(string)A F0 -(job)2.816 E(identi\214er)144 96 Q(.)-.55 E F1(histchars)108 108 Q F0 -2.07(The tw)144 120 R 4.57(oo)-.1 G 4.57(rt)-4.57 G 2.07 -(hree characters which control history e)-4.57 F 2.07(xpansion and tok) --.15 F 2.07(enization \(see)-.1 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)4.569 E(OR) --.162 E(Y)-.315 E(EXP)144 132 Q(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.465 E 3.715 -(w\). The)-.25 F 1.215(\214rst character is the)3.715 F F2 1.216 +F2(%)2.816 E F1(string)A F0(job)2.816 E(identi\214er)144 168 Q(.)-.55 E +F2(histchars)108 180 Q F0 2.07(The tw)144 192 R 4.57(oo)-.1 G 4.57(rt) +-4.57 G 2.07(hree characters which control history e)-4.57 F 2.07 +(xpansion and tok)-.15 F 2.07(enization \(see)-.1 F F3(HIST)4.569 E(OR) +-.162 E(Y)-.315 E(EXP)144 204 Q(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.465 E 3.715 +(w\). The)-.25 F 1.215(\214rst character is the)3.715 F F1 1.216 (history e)3.715 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(character)3.716 E 3.716(,t)-.4 G 1.216(he character which)-3.716 F .798(signals the start of a history e) -144 144 R .798(xpansion, normally `)-.15 F F1(!)A F0 3.298('. The)B .798 -(second character is the)3.298 F F2(quic)3.298 E 3.298(ks)-.2 G -(ubstitu-)-3.298 E(tion)144 156 Q F0(character)2.739 E 2.739(,w)-.4 G +144 216 R .798(xpansion, normally `)-.15 F F2(!)A F0 3.298('. The)B .798 +(second character is the)3.298 F F1(quic)3.298 E 3.298(ks)-.2 G +(ubstitu-)-3.298 E(tion)144 228 Q F0(character)2.739 E 2.739(,w)-.4 G .239(hich is used as shorthand for re-running the pre)-2.739 F .24 (vious command entered, substitut-)-.25 F .576 -(ing one string for another in the command.)144 168 R .575(The def)5.575 -F .575(ault is `)-.1 F F1(^)A F0 3.075('. The)B .575 +(ing one string for another in the command.)144 240 R .575(The def)5.575 +F .575(ault is `)-.1 F F2(^)A F0 3.075('. The)B .575 (optional third character is the)3.075 F .223(character which indicates\ that the remainder of the line is a comment when found as the \214rst \ -char)144 180 R(-)-.2 E 1.294(acter of a w)144 192 R 1.294 -(ord, normally `)-.1 F F1(#)A F0 3.794('. The)B 1.293 +char)144 252 R(-)-.2 E 1.294(acter of a w)144 264 R 1.294 +(ord, normally `)-.1 F F2(#)A F0 3.794('. The)B 1.293 (history comment character causes history substitution to be)3.794 F -.379(skipped for the remaining w)144 204 R .379(ords on the line.)-.1 F +.379(skipped for the remaining w)144 276 R .379(ords on the line.)-.1 F .38(It does not necessarily cause the shell parser to treat)5.379 F -(the rest of the line as a comment.)144 216 Q F1(Arrays)87 232.8 Q(Bash) -108 244.8 Q F0(pro)3.391 E .891(vides one-dimensional inde)-.15 F -.15 +(the rest of the line as a comment.)144 288 Q F2(Arrays)87 304.8 Q(Bash) +108 316.8 Q F0(pro)3.391 E .891(vides one-dimensional inde)-.15 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G 3.391(da).15 G .891(nd associati)-3.391 F 1.191 -.15(ve a) -.25 H .891(rray v).15 F 3.391(ariables. An)-.25 F 3.391(yv)-.15 G .89 -(ariable may be used as an)-3.641 F(inde)108 256.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G -2.573(da).15 G .073(rray; the)-2.573 F F1(declar)2.573 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2 +(ariable may be used as an)-3.641 F(inde)108 328.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +2.573(da).15 G .073(rray; the)-2.573 F F2(declar)2.573 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2 (bu)2.573 G .073(iltin will e).2 F .073(xplicitly declare an array)-.15 F 5.073(.T)-.65 G .074(here is no maximum limit on the size of)-5.073 F -.329(an array)108 268.8 R 2.829(,n)-.65 G .329(or an)-2.829 F 2.829(yr) +.329(an array)108 340.8 R 2.829(,n)-.65 G .329(or an)-2.829 F 2.829(yr) -.15 G .329(equirement that members be inde)-2.829 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.829(do).15 G 2.829(ra)-2.829 G .328(ssigned contiguously)-2.829 F 5.328(.I)-.65 G(nde)-5.328 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.828(da).15 G .328 -(rrays are refer)-2.828 F(-)-.2 E 1.595(enced using inte)108 280.8 R +(rrays are refer)-2.828 F(-)-.2 E 1.595(enced using inte)108 352.8 R 1.595(gers \(including arithmetic e)-.15 F 1.595 (xpressions\) and are zero-based; associati)-.15 F 1.895 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 1.595(rrays are refer).15 F(-)-.2 E(enced using arbitrary strings.)108 -292.8 Q(Unless otherwise noted, inde)5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G +364.8 Q(Unless otherwise noted, inde)5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G (rray indices must be non-ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .3 -.15 -(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E(gers.)-.15 E 2.463(An inde)108 309.6 R -.15(xe) +(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E(gers.)-.15 E 2.463(An inde)108 381.6 R -.15(xe) -.15 G 4.963(da).15 G 2.463(rray is created automatically if an)-4.963 F 4.963(yv)-.15 G 2.462(ariable is assigned to using the syntax)-5.213 F -F2(name)4.962 E F0([)A F2(sub-)A(script)108 321.6 Q F0(]=)A F2(value)A -F0 6.548(.T)C(he)-6.548 E F2(subscript)4.388 E F0 1.549 +F1(name)4.962 E F0([)A F1(sub-)A(script)108 393.6 Q F0(]=)A F1(value)A +F0 6.548(.T)C(he)-6.548 E F1(subscript)4.388 E F0 1.549 (is treated as an arithmetic e)4.728 F 1.549(xpression that must e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.549(luate to a number).25 F 6.549(.T)-.55 G(o)-7.349 -E -.15(ex)108 333.6 S 1.98(plicitly declare an inde).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -4.48(da).15 G(rray)-4.48 E 4.48(,u)-.65 G(se)-4.48 E F1(declar)4.48 E -4.48<65ad>-.18 G(a)-4.48 E F2(name)4.48 E F0(\(see)4.48 E F3 1.979 +E -.15(ex)108 405.6 S 1.98(plicitly declare an inde).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +4.48(da).15 G(rray)-4.48 E 4.48(,u)-.65 G(se)-4.48 E F2(declar)4.48 E +4.48<65ad>-.18 G(a)-4.48 E F1(name)4.48 E F0(\(see)4.48 E F3 1.979 (SHELL B)4.479 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.979(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.229 E -(w\).)-.25 E F1(declar)108 345.6 Q 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(a)-2.5 E F2(name)2.5 -E F1([)A F2(subscript)A F1(])A F0(is also accepted; the)2.5 E F2 -(subscript)2.5 E F0(is ignored.)2.5 E(Associati)108 362.4 Q .3 -.15 -(ve a)-.25 H(rrays are created using).15 E F1(declar)2.5 E 2.5<65ad>-.18 -G(A)-2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(.)A(Attrib)108 379.2 Q .94 +(w\).)-.25 E F2(declar)108 417.6 Q 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(a)-2.5 E F1(name)2.5 +E F2([)A F1(subscript)A F2(])A F0(is also accepted; the)2.5 E F1 +(subscript)2.5 E F0(is ignored.)2.5 E(Associati)108 434.4 Q .3 -.15 +(ve a)-.25 H(rrays are created using).15 E F2(declar)2.5 E 2.5<65ad>-.18 +G(A)-2.5 E F1(name)2.5 E F0(.)A(Attrib)108 451.2 Q .94 (utes may be speci\214ed for an array v)-.2 F .941(ariable using the) --.25 F F1(declar)3.441 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)3.441 E F1 -.18(re)3.441 G +-.25 F F2(declar)3.441 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)3.441 E F2 -.18(re)3.441 G (adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.441 G 3.441(iltins. Each).2 F(attrib)3.441 E -(ute)-.2 E(applies to all members of an array)108 391.2 Q(.)-.65 E 1.647 -(Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form)108 408 R -F2(name)4.147 E F0(=)A F1(\()A F0 -.25(va)C(lue).25 E F2(1)A F0 1.647 -(... v)4.147 F(alue)-.25 E F2(n)A F1(\))A F0 4.147(,w)C 1.647(here each) --4.147 F F2(value)108 420 Q F0 1.833(is of the form [)4.332 F F2 -(subscript)A F0(]=)A F2(string)A F0 6.833(.I)C(nde)-6.833 E -.15(xe)-.15 +(ute)-.2 E(applies to all members of an array)108 463.2 Q(.)-.65 E 1.647 +(Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form)108 480 R +F1(name)4.147 E F0(=)A F2(\()A F0 -.25(va)C(lue).25 E F1(1)A F0 1.647 +(... v)4.147 F(alue)-.25 E F1(n)A F2(\))A F0 4.147(,w)C 1.647(here each) +-4.147 F F1(value)108 492 Q F0 1.833(is of the form [)4.332 F F1 +(subscript)A F0(]=)A F1(string)A F0 6.833(.I)C(nde)-6.833 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.333(da).15 G 1.833(rray assignments do not require an)-4.333 F 1.833 -(ything b)-.15 F(ut)-.2 E F2(string)4.333 E F0(.)A .164 -(When assigning to inde)108 432 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.663(da).15 G .163 +(ything b)-.15 F(ut)-.2 E F1(string)4.333 E F0(.)A .164 +(When assigning to inde)108 504 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.663(da).15 G .163 (rrays, if the optional brack)-2.663 F .163 (ets and subscript are supplied, that inde)-.1 F 2.663(xi)-.15 G 2.663 -(sa)-2.663 G(ssigned)-2.663 E 1.41(to; otherwise the inde)108 444 R 3.91 +(sa)-2.663 G(ssigned)-2.663 E 1.41(to; otherwise the inde)108 516 R 3.91 (xo)-.15 G 3.91(ft)-3.91 G 1.41(he element assigned is the last inde) -3.91 F 3.911(xa)-.15 G 1.411(ssigned to by the statement plus one.) --3.911 F(Inde)108 456 Q(xing starts at zero.)-.15 E -(When assigning to an associati)108 472.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray).15 +-3.911 F(Inde)108 528 Q(xing starts at zero.)-.15 E +(When assigning to an associati)108 544.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray).15 E 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he subscript is required.)-2.5 E .24 -(This syntax is also accepted by the)108 489.6 R F1(declar)2.74 E(e)-.18 +(This syntax is also accepted by the)108 561.6 R F2(declar)2.74 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.739 G 2.739(iltin. Indi).2 F .239 -(vidual array elements may be assigned to using the)-.25 F F2(name)108 -501.6 Q F0([)A F2(subscript)A F0(]=)A F2(value)A F0 1.917 +(vidual array elements may be assigned to using the)-.25 F F1(name)108 +573.6 Q F0([)A F1(subscript)A F0(]=)A F1(value)A F0 1.917 (syntax introduced abo)4.416 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 6.917(.W).15 G 1.917 (hen assigning to an inde)-6.917 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.417(da).15 G(rray) --4.417 E 4.417(,i)-.65 G(f)-4.417 E F2(name)4.777 E F0 1.917(is sub-) -4.597 F .116(scripted by a ne)108 513.6 R -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .416 +-4.417 E 4.417(,i)-.65 G(f)-4.417 E F1(name)4.777 E F0 1.917(is sub-) +4.597 F .116(scripted by a ne)108 585.6 R -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .416 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E 2.616(,t)-.4 G .115 (hat number is interpreted as relati)-2.616 F .415 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.615(oo).15 G .115(ne greater than the maximum inde)-2.615 F(x)-.15 E -(of)108 525.6 Q F2(name)3.338 E F0 3.338(,s)C 3.338(on)-3.338 G -2.25 +(of)108 597.6 Q F1(name)3.338 E F0 3.338(,s)C 3.338(on)-3.338 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-3.338 H(ti).15 E 1.138 -.15(ve i)-.25 H .838 (ndices count back from the end of the array).15 F 3.338(,a)-.65 G .838 (nd an inde)-3.338 F 3.338(xo)-.15 G 3.338<66ad>-3.338 G 3.338(1r)-3.338 -G .838(eferences the last)-3.338 F(element.)108 537.6 Q(An)108 554.4 Q +G .838(eferences the last)-3.338 F(element.)108 609.6 Q(An)108 626.4 Q 3.576(ye)-.15 G 1.076(lement of an array may be referenced using ${) --3.576 F F2(name)A F0([)A F2(subscript)A F0 3.575(]}. The)B 1.075 +-3.576 F F1(name)A F0([)A F1(subscript)A F0 3.575(]}. The)B 1.075 (braces are required to a)3.575 F -.2(vo)-.2 G(id).2 E 1.541 -(con\215icts with pathname e)108 566.4 R 4.041(xpansion. If)-.15 F F2 -(subscript)4.041 E F0(is)4.041 E F1(@)4.041 E F0(or)4.041 E F1(*)4.041 E +(con\215icts with pathname e)108 638.4 R 4.041(xpansion. If)-.15 F F1 +(subscript)4.041 E F0(is)4.041 E F2(@)4.041 E F0(or)4.041 E F2(*)4.041 E F0 4.041(,t)C 1.541(he w)-4.041 F 1.541(ord e)-.1 F 1.541 -(xpands to all members of)-.15 F F2(name)4.042 E F0(.)A 1.057 -(These subscripts dif)108 578.4 R 1.057(fer only when the w)-.25 F 1.057 +(xpands to all members of)-.15 F F1(name)4.042 E F0(.)A 1.057 +(These subscripts dif)108 650.4 R 1.057(fer only when the w)-.25 F 1.057 (ord appears within double quotes.)-.1 F 1.056(If the w)6.056 F 1.056 -(ord is double-quoted,)-.1 F(${)108 590.4 Q F2(name)A F0 .52([*]} e)B +(ord is double-quoted,)-.1 F(${)108 662.4 Q F1(name)A F0 .52([*]} e)B .52(xpands to a single w)-.15 F .52(ord with the v)-.1 F .521 (alue of each array member separated by the \214rst character)-.25 F -1.375(of the)108 602.4 R F3(IFS)3.875 E F0 1.375(special v)3.625 F 1.375 -(ariable, and ${)-.25 F F2(name)A F0 1.375([@]} e)B 1.375 -(xpands each element of)-.15 F F2(name)3.875 E F0 1.374(to a separate w) +1.375(of the)108 674.4 R F3(IFS)3.875 E F0 1.375(special v)3.625 F 1.375 +(ariable, and ${)-.25 F F1(name)A F0 1.375([@]} e)B 1.375 +(xpands each element of)-.15 F F1(name)3.875 E F0 1.374(to a separate w) 3.875 F 3.874(ord. When)-.1 F 2.027(there are no array members, ${)108 -614.4 R F2(name)A F0 2.028([@]} e)B 2.028(xpands to nothing.)-.15 F +686.4 R F1(name)A F0 2.028([@]} e)B 2.028(xpands to nothing.)-.15 F 2.028(If the double-quoted e)7.028 F 2.028(xpansion occurs)-.15 F .759 -(within a w)108 626.4 R .759(ord, the e)-.1 F .759 +(within a w)108 698.4 R .759(ord, the e)-.1 F .759 (xpansion of the \214rst parameter is joined with the be)-.15 F .759 (ginning part of the original w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E .515(and the e)108 -638.4 R .516(xpansion of the last parameter is joined with the last par\ +710.4 R .516(xpansion of the last parameter is joined with the last par\ t of the original w)-.15 F 3.016(ord. This)-.1 F .516(is analogous)3.016 -F .228(to the e)108 650.4 R .228(xpansion of the special parameters)-.15 -F F1(*)2.728 E F0(and)2.728 E F1(@)2.728 E F0(\(see)2.728 E F1 .228 +F .228(to the e)108 722.4 R .228(xpansion of the special parameters)-.15 +F F2(*)2.728 E F0(and)2.728 E F2(@)2.728 E F0(\(see)2.728 E F2 .228 (Special P)2.728 F(arameters)-.1 E F0(abo)2.727 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.727 -(\). ${#).15 F F2(name)A F0([)A F2(subscript)A F0(]})A -.15(ex)108 662.4 -S .886(pands to the length of ${).15 F F2(name)A F0([)A F2(subscript)A -F0 3.386(]}. If)B F2(subscript)3.386 E F0(is)3.386 E F1(*)3.386 E F0(or) -3.386 E F1(@)3.386 E F0 3.386(,t)C .886(he e)-3.386 F .886 -(xpansion is the number of ele-)-.15 F .295(ments in the array)108 674.4 -R 5.295(.I)-.65 G 2.795(ft)-5.295 G(he)-2.795 E F2(subscript)3.135 E F0 -.295(used to reference an element of an inde)3.475 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -2.794(da).15 G .294(rray e)-2.794 F -.25(va)-.25 G .294 -(luates to a number).25 F .628 -(less than zero, it is interpreted as relati)108 686.4 R .928 -.15(ve t) +(\). ${#).15 F F1(name)A F0([)A F1(subscript)A F0(]})A(GNU Bash 4.4)72 +768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(18)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 19 19 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -.15(ex)108 84 S +.886(pands to the length of ${).15 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)A F0 +([)A F1(subscript)A F0 3.386(]}. If)B F1(subscript)3.386 E F0(is)3.386 E +/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(*)3.386 E F0(or)3.386 E F2(@)3.386 E F0 3.386(,t) +C .886(he e)-3.386 F .886(xpansion is the number of ele-)-.15 F .295 +(ments in the array)108 96 R 5.295(.I)-.65 G 2.795(ft)-5.295 G(he)-2.795 +E F1(subscript)3.135 E F0 .295(used to reference an element of an inde) +3.475 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.794(da).15 G .294(rray e)-2.794 F -.25(va)-.25 +G .294(luates to a number).25 F .628 +(less than zero, it is interpreted as relati)108 108 R .928 -.15(ve t) -.25 H 3.128(oo).15 G .629(ne greater than the maximum inde)-3.128 F 3.129(xo)-.15 G 3.129(ft)-3.129 G .629(he array)-3.129 F 3.129(,s)-.65 G 3.129(on)-3.129 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-3.129 H(ti).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(indices count back from the end of the array)108 698.4 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G +(indices count back from the end of the array)108 120 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G (nd an inde)-2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5<66ad>-2.5 G 2.5(1r)-2.5 G (eferences the last element.)-2.5 E .595(Referencing an array v)108 -715.2 R .595(ariable without a subscript is equi)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G +136.8 R .595(ariable without a subscript is equi)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .595(lent to referencing the array with a subscript of).25 F 2.5(0. An) -108 727.2 R 2.5(yr)-.15 G(eference to a v)-2.5 E(ariable using a v)-.25 -E(alid subscript is le)-.25 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(l, and).05 E F1(bash)2.5 E -F0(will create an array if necessary)2.5 E(.)-.65 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 -Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(18)198.445 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 19 19 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(An array v)108 84 +108 148.8 R 2.5(yr)-.15 G(eference to a v)-2.5 E(ariable using a v)-.25 +E(alid subscript is le)-.25 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(l, and).05 E F2(bash)2.5 E +F0(will create an array if necessary)2.5 E(.)-.65 E(An array v)108 165.6 Q(ariable is considered set if a subscript has been assigned a v)-.25 E 2.5(alue. The)-.25 F(null string is a v)2.5 E(alid v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E -.417(It is possible to obtain the k)108 100.8 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.918(s\() +.417(It is possible to obtain the k)108 182.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.918(s\() .15 G .418(indices\) of an array as well as the v)-2.918 F 2.918 -(alues. ${)-.25 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(!)A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(name)A F0([)A F2(@)A F0 .418(]} and ${)B F1(!)A F2(name)A F0([)A F2(*)A -F0(]})A -.15(ex)108 112.8 S .75(pand to the indices assigned in array v) -.15 F(ariable)-.25 E F2(name)3.249 E F0 5.749(.T)C .749 +(alues. ${)-.25 F F2(!)A F1(name)A F0([)A F1(@)A F0 .418(]} and ${)B F2 +(!)A F1(name)A F0([)A F1(*)A F0(]})A -.15(ex)108 194.4 S .75 +(pand to the indices assigned in array v).15 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(name) +3.249 E F0 5.749(.T)C .749 (he treatment when in double quotes is similar to)-5.749 F(the e)108 -124.8 Q(xpansion of the special parameters)-.15 E F2(@)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 -E F2(*)2.5 E F0(within double quotes.)2.5 E(The)108 141.6 Q F1(unset) +206.4 Q(xpansion of the special parameters)-.15 E F1(@)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 +E F1(*)2.5 E F0(within double quotes.)2.5 E(The)108 223.2 Q F2(unset) 2.766 E F0 -.2(bu)2.766 G .267(iltin is used to destro).2 F 2.767(ya)-.1 -G(rrays.)-2.767 E F1(unset)5.267 E F2(name)2.767 E F0([)A F2(subscript)A +G(rrays.)-2.767 E F2(unset)5.267 E F1(name)2.767 E F0([)A F1(subscript)A F0 2.767(]d)C(estro)-2.767 E .267(ys the array element at inde)-.1 F(x) --.15 E F2(sub-)2.767 E(script)108 153.6 Q F0 6.319(.N)C -2.25 -.15(eg a) +-.15 E F1(sub-)2.767 E(script)108 235.2 Q F0 6.319(.N)C -2.25 -.15(eg a) -6.319 H(ti).15 E 1.619 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.319(ubscripts to inde).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.819(da).15 G 1.319 (rrays are interpreted as described abo)-3.819 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 6.318 (.C).15 G 1.318(are must be tak)-6.318 F 1.318(en to)-.1 F -.2(avo)108 -165.6 S .297(id unw).2 F .297(anted side ef)-.1 F .297 -(fects caused by pathname e)-.25 F(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(unset)5.297 E F2 -(name)2.798 E F0 2.798(,w)C(here)-2.798 E F2(name)2.798 E F0 .298 -(is an array)2.798 F 2.798(,o)-.65 G(r)-2.798 E F1(unset)2.798 E F2 -(name)108 177.6 Q F0([)A F2(subscript)A F0(], where)A F2(subscript)2.5 E -F0(is)2.5 E F1(*)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(@)2.5 E F0 2.5(,r)C(emo)-2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he entire array)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E(The)108 -194.4 Q F1(declar)3.574 E(e)-.18 E F0(,)A F1(local)3.574 E F0 3.574(,a)C -(nd)-3.574 E F1 -.18(re)3.574 G(adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.574 G 1.073 -(iltins each accept a).2 F F13.573 E F0 1.073 +247.2 S .297(id unw).2 F .297(anted side ef)-.1 F .297 +(fects caused by pathname e)-.25 F(xpansion.)-.15 E F2(unset)5.297 E F1 +(name)2.798 E F0 2.798(,w)C(here)-2.798 E F1(name)2.798 E F0 .298 +(is an array)2.798 F 2.798(,o)-.65 G(r)-2.798 E F2(unset)2.798 E F1 +(name)108 259.2 Q F0([)A F1(subscript)A F0(], where)A F1(subscript)2.5 E +F0(is)2.5 E F2(*)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F2(@)2.5 E F0 2.5(,r)C(emo)-2.5 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he entire array)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E(The)108 276 +Q F2(declar)3.574 E(e)-.18 E F0(,)A F2(local)3.574 E F0 3.574(,a)C(nd) +-3.574 E F2 -.18(re)3.574 G(adonly).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.574 G 1.073 +(iltins each accept a).2 F F23.573 E F0 1.073 (option to specify an inde)3.573 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.573(da).15 G 1.073 -(rray and a)-3.573 F F13.573 E F0 .338 -(option to specify an associati)108 206.4 R .638 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray) -.15 E 5.338(.I)-.65 G 2.838(fb)-5.338 G .338(oth options are supplied,) --2.838 F F12.838 E F0(tak)2.838 E .338(es precedence.)-.1 F(The) -5.338 E F1 -.18(re)2.839 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.839 G(iltin).2 E .441 -(accepts a)108 218.4 R F12.941 E F0 .441 +(rray and a)-3.573 F F23.573 E F0 .338 +(option to specify an associati)108 288 R .638 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray).15 +E 5.338(.I)-.65 G 2.838(fb)-5.338 G .338(oth options are supplied,) +-2.838 F F22.838 E F0(tak)2.838 E .338(es precedence.)-.1 F(The) +5.338 E F2 -.18(re)2.839 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.839 G(iltin).2 E .441 +(accepts a)108 300 R F22.941 E F0 .441 (option to assign a list of w)2.941 F .441 (ords read from the standard input to an array)-.1 F 5.441(.T)-.65 G(he) --5.441 E F1(set)2.941 E F0(and)2.941 E F1(declar)2.94 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2 -(bu)108 230.4 S(iltins display array v).2 E(alues in a w)-.25 E +-5.441 E F2(set)2.941 E F0(and)2.941 E F2(declar)2.94 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2 +(bu)108 312 S(iltins display array v).2 E(alues in a w)-.25 E (ay that allo)-.1 E(ws them to be reused as assignments.)-.25 E/F3 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXP)72 247.2 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .76(Expansion is perfo\ -rmed on the command line after it has been split into w)108 259.2 R 3.26 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXP)72 328.8 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .76(Expansion is perfo\ +rmed on the command line after it has been split into w)108 340.8 R 3.26 (ords. There)-.1 F .76(are se)3.26 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.26(nk).15 G .76 -(inds of)-3.26 F -.15(ex)108 271.2 S .37(pansion performed:).15 F F2(br) -2.869 E .369(ace e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F2 .369(tilde e) -2.869 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F2(par)2.869 E .369 -(ameter and variable e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F2 .369 -(command sub-)2.869 F(stitution)108 283.2 Q F0(,).24 E F2(arithmetic e) -2.5 E(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F2(wor)2.5 E 2.5(ds)-.37 G(plitting)-2.5 -E F0 2.5(,a).22 G(nd)-2.5 E F2(pathname e)2.5 E(xpansion)-.2 E F0(.).24 -E .418(The order of e)108 300 R .418(xpansions is: brace e)-.15 F .418 +(inds of)-3.26 F -.15(ex)108 352.8 S .37(pansion performed:).15 F F1(br) +2.869 E .369(ace e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F1 .369(tilde e) +2.869 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F1(par)2.869 E .369 +(ameter and variable e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F1 .369 +(command sub-)2.869 F(stitution)108 364.8 Q F0(,).24 E F1(arithmetic e) +2.5 E(xpansion)-.2 E F0(,).24 E F1(wor)2.5 E 2.5(ds)-.37 G(plitting)-2.5 +E F0 2.5(,a).22 G(nd)-2.5 E F1(pathname e)2.5 E(xpansion)-.2 E F0(.).24 +E .418(The order of e)108 381.6 R .418(xpansions is: brace e)-.15 F .418 (xpansion; tilde e)-.15 F .419(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .419 -(ariable e)-.25 F .419(xpansion, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)108 312 S +(ariable e)-.25 F .419(xpansion, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)108 393.6 S .196(pansion, and command substitution \(done in a left-to-right f).15 F .195(ashion\); w)-.1 F .195(ord splitting; and pathname e)-.1 F(xpan-) --.15 E(sion.)108 324 Q .257 -(On systems that can support it, there is an additional e)108 340.8 R -.257(xpansion a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable:).25 E F2(pr)2.757 E .257 +-.15 E(sion.)108 405.6 Q .257 +(On systems that can support it, there is an additional e)108 422.4 R +.257(xpansion a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable:).25 E F1(pr)2.757 E .257 (ocess substitution)-.45 F F0 5.257(.T)C .257(his is per)-5.257 F(-)-.2 -E(formed at the same time as tilde, parameter)108 352.8 Q 2.5(,v)-.4 G +E(formed at the same time as tilde, parameter)108 434.4 Q 2.5(,v)-.4 G (ariable, and arithmetic e)-2.75 E(xpansion and command substitution.) --.15 E 1.487(Only brace e)108 369.6 R 1.487(xpansion, w)-.15 F 1.487 +-.15 E 1.487(Only brace e)108 451.2 R 1.487(xpansion, w)-.15 F 1.487 (ord splitting, and pathname e)-.1 F 1.487 (xpansion can change the number of w)-.15 F 1.486(ords of the)-.1 F -.15 -(ex)108 381.6 S 1.164(pansion; other e).15 F 1.164(xpansions e)-.15 F +(ex)108 463.2 S 1.164(pansion; other e).15 F 1.164(xpansions e)-.15 F 1.164(xpand a single w)-.15 F 1.165(ord to a single w)-.1 F 3.665 (ord. The)-.1 F 1.165(only e)3.665 F 1.165(xceptions to this are the) --.15 F -.15(ex)108 393.6 S(pansions of ").15 E F1($@)A F0 2.5("a)C(nd ") --2.5 E F1(${)A F2(name)A F1([@]})A F0 2.5("a)C 2.5(se)-2.5 G +-.15 F -.15(ex)108 475.2 S(pansions of ").15 E F2($@)A F0 2.5("a)C(nd ") +-2.5 E F2(${)A F1(name)A F2([@]})A F0 2.5("a)C 2.5(se)-2.5 G (xplained abo)-2.65 E .3 -.15(ve \()-.15 H(see).15 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 -SF -.666(PA)2.5 G(RAMETERS).666 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(\).)A F1 -(Brace Expansion)87 410.4 Q F2(Br)108.58 422.4 Q .606(ace e)-.15 F -(xpansion)-.2 E F0 .606 +SF -.666(PA)2.5 G(RAMETERS).666 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(\).)A F2 +(Brace Expansion)87 492 Q F1(Br)108.58 504 Q .606(ace e)-.15 F(xpansion) +-.2 E F0 .606 (is a mechanism by which arbitrary strings may be generated.)3.346 F -.606(This mechanism is similar)5.606 F(to)108 434.4 Q F2 .415 -(pathname e)2.915 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 2.915(,b)C .415 +.606(This mechanism is similar)5.606 F(to)108 516 Q F1 .415(pathname e) +2.915 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 2.915(,b)C .415 (ut the \214lenames generated need not e)-3.115 F 2.915(xist. P)-.15 F .415(atterns to be brace e)-.15 F .415(xpanded tak)-.15 F 2.915(et)-.1 G -(he)-2.915 E .152(form of an optional)108 446.4 R F2(pr)2.652 E(eamble) +(he)-2.915 E .152(form of an optional)108 528 R F1(pr)2.652 E(eamble) -.37 E F0 2.651(,f).18 G(ollo)-2.651 E .151 (wed by either a series of comma-separated strings or a sequence e)-.25 -F(xpres-)-.15 E .563(sion between a pair of braces, follo)108 458.4 R -.563(wed by an optional)-.25 F F2(postscript)3.063 E F0 5.563(.T).68 G -.563(he preamble is pre\214x)-5.563 F .563(ed to each string)-.15 F .659 -(contained within the braces, and the postscript is then appended to ea\ -ch resulting string, e)108 470.4 R .658(xpanding left to)-.15 F(right.) -108 482.4 Q .718(Brace e)108 499.2 R .719(xpansions may be nested.)-.15 -F .719(The results of each e)5.719 F .719 +F(xpres-)-.15 E .563(sion between a pair of braces, follo)108 540 R .563 +(wed by an optional)-.25 F F1(postscript)3.063 E F0 5.563(.T).68 G .563 +(he preamble is pre\214x)-5.563 F .563(ed to each string)-.15 F .659(co\ +ntained within the braces, and the postscript is then appended to each \ +resulting string, e)108 552 R .658(xpanding left to)-.15 F(right.)108 +564 Q .718(Brace e)108 580.8 R .719(xpansions may be nested.)-.15 F .719 +(The results of each e)5.719 F .719 (xpanded string are not sorted; left to right order is)-.15 F(preserv) -108 511.2 Q 2.5(ed. F)-.15 F(or e)-.15 E(xample, a)-.15 E F1({)A F0 -(d,c,b)A F1(})A F0 2.5(ee)C(xpands into `ade ace abe'.)-2.65 E 3.243(As) -108 528 S .743(equence e)-3.243 F .743(xpression tak)-.15 F .743 -(es the form)-.1 F F1({)3.243 E F2(x)A F1(..)A F2(y)A F1([..)A F2(incr)A -F1(]})A F0 3.243(,w)C(here)-3.243 E F2(x)3.243 E F0(and)3.242 E F2(y) +108 592.8 Q 2.5(ed. F)-.15 F(or e)-.15 E(xample, a)-.15 E F2({)A F0 +(d,c,b)A F2(})A F0 2.5(ee)C(xpands into `ade ace abe'.)-2.65 E 3.243(As) +108 609.6 S .743(equence e)-3.243 F .743(xpression tak)-.15 F .743 +(es the form)-.1 F F2({)3.243 E F1(x)A F2(..)A F1(y)A F2([..)A F1(incr)A +F2(]})A F0 3.243(,w)C(here)-3.243 E F1(x)3.243 E F0(and)3.242 E F1(y) 3.242 E F0 .742(are either inte)3.242 F .742(gers or single characters,) --.15 F(and)108 540 Q F2(incr)3.031 E F0 3.031(,a)C 3.032(no)-3.031 G +-.15 F(and)108 621.6 Q F1(incr)3.031 E F0 3.031(,a)C 3.032(no)-3.031 G .532(ptional increment, is an inte)-3.032 F(ger)-.15 E 5.532(.W)-.55 G .532(hen inte)-5.532 F .532(gers are supplied, the e)-.15 F .532 (xpression e)-.15 F .532(xpands to each)-.15 F .078(number between)108 -552 R F2(x)2.578 E F0(and)2.578 E F2(y)2.578 E F0 2.578(,i)C(nclusi) +633.6 R F1(x)2.578 E F0(and)2.578 E F1(y)2.578 E F0 2.578(,i)C(nclusi) -2.578 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.078(.S).15 G .078(upplied inte)-5.078 F .077 -(gers may be pre\214x)-.15 F .077(ed with)-.15 F F2(0)2.577 E F0 .077 +(gers may be pre\214x)-.15 F .077(ed with)-.15 F F1(0)2.577 E F0 .077 (to force each term to ha)2.577 F .377 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E .014 -(same width.)108 564 R .014(When either)5.014 F F2(x)2.514 E F0(or)2.514 -E F2(y)2.514 E F0(be)2.514 E .015(gins with a zero, the shell attempts \ -to force all generated terms to contain)-.15 F 1.143 -(the same number of digits, zero-padding where necessary)108 576 R 6.143 -(.W)-.65 G 1.143(hen characters are supplied, the e)-6.143 F(xpression) --.15 E -.15(ex)108 588 S 1.064(pands to each character le).15 F 1.064 -(xicographically between)-.15 F F2(x)3.564 E F0(and)3.564 E F2(y)3.564 E -F0 3.564(,i)C(nclusi)-3.564 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.564(,u).15 G 1.064 -(sing the def)-3.564 F 1.064(ault C locale.)-.1 F(Note)6.064 E .984 -(that both)108 600 R F2(x)3.484 E F0(and)3.484 E F2(y)3.484 E F0 .983 +(same width.)108 645.6 R .014(When either)5.014 F F1(x)2.514 E F0(or) +2.514 E F1(y)2.514 E F0(be)2.514 E .015(gins with a zero, the shell att\ +empts to force all generated terms to contain)-.15 F 1.143 +(the same number of digits, zero-padding where necessary)108 657.6 R +6.143(.W)-.65 G 1.143(hen characters are supplied, the e)-6.143 F +(xpression)-.15 E -.15(ex)108 669.6 S 1.064(pands to each character le) +.15 F 1.064(xicographically between)-.15 F F1(x)3.564 E F0(and)3.564 E +F1(y)3.564 E F0 3.564(,i)C(nclusi)-3.564 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.564(,u).15 G +1.064(sing the def)-3.564 F 1.064(ault C locale.)-.1 F(Note)6.064 E .984 +(that both)108 681.6 R F1(x)3.484 E F0(and)3.484 E F1(y)3.484 E F0 .983 (must be of the same type.)3.484 F .983 (When the increment is supplied, it is used as the dif)5.983 F(ference) --.25 E(between each term.)108 612 Q(The def)5 E -(ault increment is 1 or -1 as appropriate.)-.1 E .581(Brace e)108 628.8 +-.25 E(between each term.)108 693.6 Q(The def)5 E +(ault increment is 1 or -1 as appropriate.)-.1 E .581(Brace e)108 710.4 R .581(xpansion is performed before an)-.15 F 3.081(yo)-.15 G .581 (ther e)-3.081 F .581(xpansions, and an)-.15 F 3.082(yc)-.15 G .582 -(haracters special to other e)-3.082 F(xpansions)-.15 E .016 -(are preserv)108 640.8 R .016(ed in the result.)-.15 F .016 -(It is strictly te)5.016 F(xtual.)-.15 E F1(Bash)5.016 E F0 .015 -(does not apply an)2.516 F 2.515(ys)-.15 G .015 -(yntactic interpretation to the con-)-2.515 F(te)108 652.8 Q +(haracters special to other e)-3.082 F(xpansions)-.15 E 1.209 +(are preserv)108 722.4 R 1.209(ed in the result.)-.15 F 1.209 +(It is strictly te)6.209 F(xtual.)-.15 E F2(Bash)6.209 E F0 1.209 +(does not apply an)3.709 F 3.709(ys)-.15 G 1.208 +(yntactic interpretation to the)-3.709 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q +(2015 June 5)150.675 E(19)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 20 20 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(conte)108 84 Q (xt of the e)-.15 E(xpansion or the te)-.15 E(xt between the braces.) --.15 E 3.632(Ac)108 669.6 S 1.132(orrectly-formed brace e)-3.632 F 1.132 +-.15 E 3.632(Ac)108 100.8 S 1.132(orrectly-formed brace e)-3.632 F 1.132 (xpansion must contain unquoted opening and closing braces, and at leas\ -t one)-.15 F 3.441(unquoted comma or a v)108 681.6 R 3.441 +t one)-.15 F 3.441(unquoted comma or a v)108 112.8 R 3.441 (alid sequence e)-.25 F 5.941(xpression. An)-.15 F 5.941(yi)-.15 G 3.441 (ncorrectly formed brace e)-5.941 F 3.44(xpansion is left)-.15 F 2.755 -(unchanged. A)108 693.6 R F1({)2.755 E F0(or)2.755 E F1(,)2.755 E F0 -.255(may be quoted with a backslash to pre)2.755 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .255 -(nt its being considered part of a brace e).15 F(xpres-)-.15 E 2.911 -(sion. T)108 705.6 R 2.911(oa)-.8 G -.2(vo)-3.111 G .411 +(unchanged. A)108 124.8 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF({)2.755 E F0(or)2.755 E +F1(,)2.755 E F0 .255(may be quoted with a backslash to pre)2.755 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G .255(nt its being considered part of a brace e).15 F(xpres-) +-.15 E 2.911(sion. T)108 136.8 R 2.911(oa)-.8 G -.2(vo)-3.111 G .411 (id con\215icts with parameter e).2 F .411(xpansion, the string)-.15 F F1(${)2.911 E F0 .41(is not considered eligible for brace e)2.911 F -(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)108 717.6 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6) -149.285 E(19)198.445 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 20 20 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.476(This constr\ -uct is typically used as shorthand when the common pre\214x of the stri\ -ngs to be generated is)108 84 R(longer than in the abo)108 96 Q .3 -.15 -(ve ex)-.15 H(ample:).15 E(mkdir /usr/local/src/bash/{old,ne)144 112.8 Q --.65(w,)-.25 G(dist,b).65 E(ugs})-.2 E(or)108 124.8 Q(cho)144 136.8 Q +(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)108 148.8 Q 1.476(This construct is typically used \ +as shorthand when the common pre\214x of the strings to be generated is) +108 165.6 R(longer than in the abo)108 177.6 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H +(ample:).15 E(mkdir /usr/local/src/bash/{old,ne)144 194.4 Q -.65(w,)-.25 +G(dist,b).65 E(ugs})-.2 E(or)108 206.4 Q(cho)144 218.4 Q (wn root /usr/{ucb/{e)-.25 E(x,edit},lib/{e)-.15 E(x?.?*,ho)-.15 E(w_e) --.25 E(x}})-.15 E .618(Brace e)108 153.6 R .618 +-.25 E(x}})-.15 E .618(Brace e)108 235.2 R .618 (xpansion introduces a slight incompatibility with historical v)-.15 F -.618(ersions of)-.15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(sh)3.118 E F0(.)A F1(sh) -5.618 E F0 .618(does not treat open-)3.118 F .247 -(ing or closing braces specially when the)108 165.6 R 2.747(ya)-.15 G +.618(ersions of)-.15 F F1(sh)3.118 E F0(.)A F1(sh)5.618 E F0 .618 +(does not treat open-)3.118 F .247 +(ing or closing braces specially when the)108 247.2 R 2.747(ya)-.15 G .247(ppear as part of a w)-2.747 F .248(ord, and preserv)-.1 F .248 -(es them in the output.)-.15 F F1(Bash)5.248 E F0(remo)108 177.6 Q -.15 +(es them in the output.)-.15 F F1(Bash)5.248 E F0(remo)108 259.2 Q -.15 (ve)-.15 G 3.53(sb).15 G 1.03(races from w)-3.53 F 1.03 (ords as a consequence of brace e)-.1 F 3.53(xpansion. F)-.15 F 1.03 (or e)-.15 F 1.03(xample, a w)-.15 F 1.03(ord entered to)-.1 F F1(sh) -3.53 E F0(as)3.53 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214le{1,2})108 189.6 Q F0 +3.53 E F0(as)3.53 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214le{1,2})108 271.2 Q F0 .514(appears identically in the output.)3.014 F .515(The same w)5.515 F .515(ord is output as)-.1 F F2 .515(\214le1 \214le2)4.925 F F0 .515 (after e)3.035 F .515(xpansion by)-.15 F F1(bash)3.015 E F0(.)A .437 -(If strict compatibility with)108 201.6 R F1(sh)2.936 E F0 .436 +(If strict compatibility with)108 283.2 R F1(sh)2.936 E F0 .436 (is desired, start)2.936 F F1(bash)2.936 E F0 .436(with the)2.936 F F1 (+B)2.936 E F0 .436(option or disable brace e)2.936 F .436 -(xpansion with the)-.15 F F1(+B)108 213.6 Q F0(option to the)2.5 E F1 +(xpansion with the)-.15 F F1(+B)108 295.2 Q F0(option to the)2.5 E F1 (set)2.5 E F0(command \(see)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E (UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1 -.18(Ti) -87 230.4 S(lde Expansion).18 E F0 1.086(If a w)108 242.4 R 1.086(ord be) --.1 F 1.086(gins with an unquoted tilde character \(`)-.15 F F1(~)A F0 -1.087('\), all of the characters preceding the \214rst unquoted)B .185(\ -slash \(or all characters, if there is no unquoted slash\) are consider\ -ed a)108 254.4 R F2(tilde-pr)2.685 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.185(.I)C 2.685 -(fn)-5.185 G .185(one of the characters)-2.685 F .725(in the tilde-pre\ -\214x are quoted, the characters in the tilde-pre\214x follo)108 266.4 R -.726(wing the tilde are treated as a possible)-.25 F F2(lo)108 278.4 Q -.523(gin name)-.1 F F0 5.523(.I)C 3.023(ft)-5.523 G .523 +87 312 S(lde Expansion).18 E F0 1.086(If a w)108 324 R 1.086(ord be)-.1 +F 1.086(gins with an unquoted tilde character \(`)-.15 F F1(~)A F0 1.087 +('\), all of the characters preceding the \214rst unquoted)B .185(slash\ + \(or all characters, if there is no unquoted slash\) are considered a) +108 336 R F2(tilde-pr)2.685 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.185(.I)C 2.685(fn) +-5.185 G .185(one of the characters)-2.685 F .725(in the tilde-pre\214x\ + are quoted, the characters in the tilde-pre\214x follo)108 348 R .726 +(wing the tilde are treated as a possible)-.25 F F2(lo)108 360 Q .523 +(gin name)-.1 F F0 5.523(.I)C 3.023(ft)-5.523 G .523 (his login name is the null string, the tilde is replaced with the v) --3.023 F .522(alue of the shell parameter)-.25 F F3(HOME)108 290.4 Q/F4 -9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If)4.786 E F3(HOME)2.786 E F0 .287 +-3.023 F .522(alue of the shell parameter)-.25 F F3(HOME)108 372 Q/F4 9 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If)4.786 E F3(HOME)2.786 E F0 .287 (is unset, the home directory of the user e)2.536 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .287 (cuting the shell is substituted instead.).15 F(Other)5.287 E(-)-.2 E(w\ ise, the tilde-pre\214x is replaced with the home directory associated \ -with the speci\214ed login name.)108 302.4 Q .093 -(If the tilde-pre\214x is a `~+', the v)108 319.2 R .092 +with the speci\214ed login name.)108 384 Q .093 +(If the tilde-pre\214x is a `~+', the v)108 400.8 R .092 (alue of the shell v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(PWD)2.592 E F0 .092 (replaces the tilde-pre\214x.)2.342 F .092(If the tilde-pre\214x is) -5.092 F 3.403(a`)108 331.2 S .903(~\255', the v)-3.403 F .903 +5.092 F 3.403(a`)108 412.8 S .903(~\255', the v)-3.403 F .903 (alue of the shell v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(OLDPWD)3.404 E F4(,)A F0 .904(if it is set, is substituted.)3.154 F .904(If the characters follo) 5.904 F .904(wing the)-.25 F 1.642 -(tilde in the tilde-pre\214x consist of a number)108 343.2 R F2(N)4.142 +(tilde in the tilde-pre\214x consist of a number)108 424.8 R F2(N)4.142 E F0 4.142(,o)C 1.642(ptionally pre\214x)-4.142 F 1.641 (ed by a `+' or a `\255', the tilde-pre\214x is)-.15 F 1.437(replaced w\ ith the corresponding element from the directory stack, as it w)108 -355.2 R 1.438(ould be displayed by the)-.1 F F1(dirs)3.938 E F0 -.2(bu) -108 367.2 S .455(iltin in).2 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.955(dw).1 G +436.8 R 1.438(ould be displayed by the)-.1 F F1(dirs)3.938 E F0 -.2(bu) +108 448.8 S .455(iltin in).2 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.955(dw).1 G .455(ith the tilde-pre\214x as an ar)-2.955 F 2.954(gument. If)-.18 F .454(the characters follo)2.954 F .454 (wing the tilde in the tilde-pre\214x)-.25 F (consist of a number without a leading `+' or `\255', `+' is assumed.) -108 379.2 Q(If the login name is in)108 396 Q -.25(va)-.4 G +108 460.8 Q(If the login name is in)108 477.6 Q -.25(va)-.4 G (lid, or the tilde e).25 E(xpansion f)-.15 E(ails, the w)-.1 E -(ord is unchanged.)-.1 E .166(Each v)108 412.8 R .167 +(ord is unchanged.)-.1 E .166(Each v)108 494.4 R .167 (ariable assignment is check)-.25 F .167(ed for unquoted tilde-pre\214x) -.1 F .167(es immediately follo)-.15 F .167(wing a)-.25 F F1(:)2.667 E F0 .167(or the \214rst)2.667 F F1(=)2.667 E F0 5.167(.I)C(n)-5.167 E -.468(these cases, tilde e)108 424.8 R .468(xpansion is also performed.) +.468(these cases, tilde e)108 506.4 R .468(xpansion is also performed.) -.15 F(Consequently)5.467 E 2.967(,o)-.65 G .467 (ne may use \214lenames with tildes in assign-)-2.967 F(ments to)108 -436.8 Q F3 -.666(PA)2.5 G(TH)-.189 E F4(,)A F3(MAILP)2.25 E -.855(AT) +518.4 Q F3 -.666(PA)2.5 G(TH)-.189 E F4(,)A F3(MAILP)2.25 E -.855(AT) -.666 G(H).855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F3(CDP)2.5 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H) .855 E F4(,)A F0(and the shell assigns the e)2.25 E(xpanded v)-.15 E -(alue.)-.25 E F1 -.1(Pa)87 453.6 S(rameter Expansion).1 E F0 1.605 -(The `)108 465.6 R F1($)A F0 4.105('c)C 1.605 +(alue.)-.25 E F1 -.1(Pa)87 535.2 S(rameter Expansion).1 E F0 1.605 +(The `)108 547.2 R F1($)A F0 4.105('c)C 1.605 (haracter introduces parameter e)-4.105 F 1.606 (xpansion, command substitution, or arithmetic e)-.15 F 4.106 -(xpansion. The)-.15 F .407(parameter name or symbol to be e)108 477.6 R +(xpansion. The)-.15 F .407(parameter name or symbol to be e)108 559.2 R .407(xpanded may be enclosed in braces, which are optional b)-.15 F .406 (ut serv)-.2 F 2.906(et)-.15 G 2.906(op)-2.906 G(ro-)-2.906 E .032 -(tect the v)108 489.6 R .032(ariable to be e)-.25 F .032 +(tect the v)108 571.2 R .032(ariable to be e)-.25 F .032 (xpanded from characters immediately follo)-.15 F .033 (wing it which could be interpreted as part)-.25 F(of the name.)108 -501.6 Q 1.19 +583.2 Q 1.19 (When braces are used, the matching ending brace is the \214rst `)108 -518.4 R F1(})A F0 3.689('n)C 1.189 -(ot escaped by a backslash or within a)-3.689 F 2.15 -(quoted string, and not within an embedded arithmetic e)108 530.4 R 2.15 -(xpansion, command substitution, or parameter)-.15 F -.15(ex)108 542.4 S -(pansion.).15 E(${)108 559.2 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F0(})A 1.205 -(The v)144 571.2 R 1.205(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)3.705 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 -1.204(is substituted.)3.705 F 1.204(The braces are required when)6.204 F -F2(par)4.954 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.204(is a positional)4.434 F .264 -(parameter with more than one digit, or when)144 583.2 R F2(par)4.014 E -(ameter)-.15 E F0 .264(is follo)3.494 F .264 +600 R F1(})A F0 3.689('n)C 1.189(ot escaped by a backslash or within a) +-3.689 F 2.15(quoted string, and not within an embedded arithmetic e)108 +612 R 2.15(xpansion, command substitution, or parameter)-.15 F -.15(ex) +108 624 S(pansion.).15 E(${)108 640.8 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F0(})A +1.205(The v)144 652.8 R 1.205(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)3.705 E(ameter)-.15 +E F0 1.204(is substituted.)3.705 F 1.204(The braces are required when) +6.204 F F2(par)4.954 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.204(is a positional)4.434 F +.264(parameter with more than one digit, or when)144 664.8 R F2(par) +4.014 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .264(is follo)3.494 F .264 (wed by a character which is not to)-.25 F 2.677 -(be interpreted as part of its name.)144 595.2 R(The)7.677 E F2(par) +(be interpreted as part of its name.)144 676.8 R(The)7.677 E F2(par) 5.177 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 2.676(is a shell parameter as described abo) -5.177 F -.15(ve)-.15 G F1 -.74(PA)144 607.2 S(RAMETERS).74 E F0 2.5(\)o) +5.177 F -.15(ve)-.15 G F1 -.74(PA)144 688.8 S(RAMETERS).74 E F0 2.5(\)o) C 2.5(ra)-2.5 G 2.5(na)-2.5 G(rray reference \()-2.5 E F1(Arrays)A F0 -(\).)A .346(If the \214rst character of)108 624 R F2(par)2.846 E(ameter) --.15 E F0 .346(is an e)2.846 F .346(xclamation point \()-.15 F F1(!)A F0 -.346(\), and)B F2(par)2.846 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .346(is not a)2.846 F F2 -(namer)2.846 E(ef)-.37 E F0 2.847(,i)C 2.847(ti)-2.847 G(ntroduces) --2.847 E 2.635(al)108 636 S -2.15 -.25(ev e)-2.635 H 2.635(lo).25 G -2.635(fv)-2.635 G .135(ariable indirection.)-2.885 F F1(Bash)5.134 E F0 -.134(uses the v)2.634 F .134(alue of the v)-.25 F .134 +(\).)A .346(If the \214rst character of)108 705.6 R F2(par)2.846 E +(ameter)-.15 E F0 .346(is an e)2.846 F .346(xclamation point \()-.15 F +F1(!)A F0 .346(\), and)B F2(par)2.846 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .346(is not a) +2.846 F F2(namer)2.846 E(ef)-.37 E F0 2.847(,i)C 2.847(ti)-2.847 G +(ntroduces)-2.847 E 2.635(al)108 717.6 S -2.15 -.25(ev e)-2.635 H 2.635 +(lo).25 G 2.635(fv)-2.635 G .135(ariable indirection.)-2.885 F F1(Bash) +5.134 E F0 .134(uses the v)2.634 F .134(alue of the v)-.25 F .134 (ariable formed from the rest of)-.25 F F2(par)2.634 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 -.134(as the)2.634 F 1.003(name of the v)108 648 R 1.003(ariable; this v) --.25 F 1.003(ariable is then e)-.25 F 1.003(xpanded and that v)-.15 F -1.003(alue is used in the rest of the substitution,)-.25 F .595 -(rather than the v)108 660 R .595(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)3.095 E(ameter) --.15 E F0 3.095(itself. This)3.095 F .595(is kno)3.095 F .595(wn as)-.25 -F F2(indir)3.095 E .595(ect e)-.37 F(xpansion)-.2 E F0 5.594(.I)C(f) --5.594 E F2(par)3.094 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .594(is a nameref,)3.094 F .477 -(this e)108 672 R .477(xpands to the name of the v)-.15 F .477 -(ariable referenced by)-.25 F F2(par)2.978 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .478 -(instead of performing the complete indi-)2.978 F 2.164(rect e)108 684 R -4.663(xpansion. The)-.15 F -.15(ex)4.663 G 2.163 -(ceptions to this are the e).15 F 2.163(xpansions of ${)-.15 F F1(!)A F2 -(pr)A(e\214x)-.37 E F1(*)A F0 4.663(}a)C 2.163(nd ${)-4.663 F F1(!)A F2 -(name)A F0([)A F2(@)A F0 2.163(]} described)B(belo)108 696 Q 3.8 -.65 -(w. T)-.25 H(he e).65 E(xclamation point must immediately follo)-.15 E -2.5(wt)-.25 G(he left brace in order to introduce indirection.)-2.5 E -.334(In each of the cases belo)108 712.8 R -.65(w,)-.25 G F2(wor)3.484 E -(d)-.37 E F0 .334(is subject to tilde e)2.834 F .334 -(xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F .334(xpansion, command substitution,)-.15 -F(and arithmetic e)108 724.8 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q -(2015 April 6)149.285 E(20)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +.134(as the)2.634 F 1.003(name of the v)108 729.6 R 1.003 +(ariable; this v)-.25 F 1.003(ariable is then e)-.25 F 1.003 +(xpanded and that v)-.15 F 1.003 +(alue is used in the rest of the substitution,)-.25 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 +768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(20)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 21 21 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.09 -(When not performing substring e)108 84 R 1.089 -(xpansion, using the forms documented belo)-.15 F 3.589(w\()-.25 G -(e.g.,)-3.589 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(:-)3.589 E F0(\),)A F1(bash)3.589 -E F0 1.089(tests for a)3.589 F(parameter that is unset or null.)108 96 Q -(Omitting the colon results in a test only for a parameter that is unse\ -t.)5 E(${)108 112.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1 -<3aad>A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F1 .722(Use Default V)144 124.8 R -(alues)-.92 E F0 5.722(.I)C(f)-5.722 E F2(par)4.472 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 -.723(is unset or null, the e)3.952 F .723(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor) -3.563 E(d)-.37 E F0 .723(is substituted.)3.993 F(Other)5.723 E(-)-.2 E -(wise, the v)144 136.8 Q(alue of)-.25 E F2(par)3.75 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 -(is substituted.)3.23 E(${)108 148.8 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(:=)A F2 -(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F1 2.005(Assign Default V)144 160.8 R(alues)-.92 -E F0 7.005(.I)C(f)-7.005 E F2(par)5.755 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 2.005 -(is unset or null, the e)5.235 F 2.004(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)4.844 E -(d)-.37 E F0 2.004(is assigned to)5.274 F F2(par)144 172.8 Q(ameter)-.15 -E F0 5.278(.T).73 G .278(he v)-5.278 F .278(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)4.028 -E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .278(is then substituted.)3.508 F .279 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .595 +(rather than the v)108 84 R .595(alue of)-.25 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(par)3.095 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 3.095(itself. This)3.095 F .595(is kno) +3.095 F .595(wn as)-.25 F F1(indir)3.095 E .595(ect e)-.37 F(xpansion) +-.2 E F0 5.594(.I)C(f)-5.594 E F1(par)3.094 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .594 +(is a nameref,)3.094 F .477(this e)108 96 R .477 +(xpands to the name of the v)-.15 F .477(ariable referenced by)-.25 F F1 +(par)2.978 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .478 +(instead of performing the complete indi-)2.978 F 2.164(rect e)108 108 R +4.663(xpansion. The)-.15 F -.15(ex)4.663 G 2.163 +(ceptions to this are the e).15 F 2.163(xpansions of ${)-.15 F/F2 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(!)A F1(pr)A(e\214x)-.37 E F2(*)A F0 4.663(}a)C 2.163 +(nd ${)-4.663 F F2(!)A F1(name)A F0([)A F1(@)A F0 2.163(]} described)B +(belo)108 120 Q 3.8 -.65(w. T)-.25 H(he e).65 E +(xclamation point must immediately follo)-.15 E 2.5(wt)-.25 G +(he left brace in order to introduce indirection.)-2.5 E .334 +(In each of the cases belo)108 136.8 R -.65(w,)-.25 G F1(wor)3.484 E(d) +-.37 E F0 .334(is subject to tilde e)2.834 F .334(xpansion, parameter e) +-.15 F .334(xpansion, command substitution,)-.15 F(and arithmetic e)108 +148.8 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E 1.09(When not performing substring e)108 165.6 +R 1.089(xpansion, using the forms documented belo)-.15 F 3.589(w\()-.25 +G(e.g.,)-3.589 E F2(:-)3.589 E F0(\),)A F2(bash)3.589 E F0 1.089 +(tests for a)3.589 F(parameter that is unset or null.)108 177.6 Q(Omitt\ +ing the colon results in a test only for a parameter that is unset.)5 E +(${)108 194.4 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2<3aad>A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(}) +A F2 .722(Use Default V)144 206.4 R(alues)-.92 E F0 5.722(.I)C(f)-5.722 +E F1(par)4.472 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .723(is unset or null, the e)3.952 F +.723(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.563 E(d)-.37 E F0 .723(is substituted.) +3.993 F(Other)5.723 E(-)-.2 E(wise, the v)144 218.4 Q(alue of)-.25 E F1 +(par)3.75 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is substituted.)3.23 E(${)108 230.4 Q F1 +(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:=)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F2 2.005 +(Assign Default V)144 242.4 R(alues)-.92 E F0 7.005(.I)C(f)-7.005 E F1 +(par)5.755 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 2.005(is unset or null, the e)5.235 F +2.004(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)4.844 E(d)-.37 E F0 2.004 +(is assigned to)5.274 F F1(par)144 254.4 Q(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.278(.T).73 +G .278(he v)-5.278 F .278(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)4.028 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 +.278(is then substituted.)3.508 F .279 (Positional parameters and special param-)5.278 F -(eters may not be assigned to in this w)144 184.8 Q(ay)-.1 E(.)-.65 E -(${)108 196.8 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(:?)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A -F1 .535(Display Err)144 208.8 R .535(or if Null or Unset)-.18 F F0 5.535 -(.I)C(f)-5.535 E F2(par)4.285 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .535 -(is null or unset, the e)3.765 F .535(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.035 E -(d)-.37 E F0 .535(\(or a mes-)3.035 F .661(sage to that ef)144 220.8 R -.661(fect if)-.25 F F2(wor)3.501 E(d)-.37 E F0 .662(is not present\) is\ +(eters may not be assigned to in this w)144 266.4 Q(ay)-.1 E(.)-.65 E +(${)108 278.4 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:?)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A +F2 .535(Display Err)144 290.4 R .535(or if Null or Unset)-.18 F F0 5.535 +(.I)C(f)-5.535 E F1(par)4.285 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .535 +(is null or unset, the e)3.765 F .535(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.035 E +(d)-.37 E F0 .535(\(or a mes-)3.035 F .661(sage to that ef)144 302.4 R +.661(fect if)-.25 F F1(wor)3.501 E(d)-.37 E F0 .662(is not present\) is\ written to the standard error and the shell, if it is not)3.931 F -(interacti)144 232.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(,e).15 G 2.5(xits. Otherwise,) --2.65 F(the v)2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F2(par)2.5 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 -(is substituted.)2.5 E(${)108 244.8 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(:+)A F2 -(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F1 .745(Use Alter)144 256.8 R .745(nate V)-.15 F -(alue)-.92 E F0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F2(par)4.495 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 +(interacti)144 314.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(,e).15 G 2.5(xits. Otherwise,) +-2.65 F(the v)2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F1(par)2.5 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 +(is substituted.)2.5 E(${)108 326.4 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:+)A F1 +(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F2 .745(Use Alter)144 338.4 R .745(nate V)-.15 F +(alue)-.92 E F0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F1(par)4.495 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .745(is null or unset, nothing is substituted, otherwise the e)3.975 F -(xpan-)-.15 E(sion of)144 268.8 Q F2(wor)2.84 E(d)-.37 E F0 -(is substituted.)3.27 E(${)108 280.8 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(:)A F2 -(of)A(fset)-.18 E F0(})A(${)108 292.8 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(:)A F2 -(of)A(fset)-.18 E F1(:)A F2(length)A F0(})A F1 .002(Substring Expansion) -144 304.8 R F0 5.002(.E)C .002(xpands to up to)-5.002 F F2(length)2.502 -E F0 .002(characters of the v)2.502 F .002(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)2.502 E +(xpan-)-.15 E(sion of)144 350.4 Q F1(wor)2.84 E(d)-.37 E F0 +(is substituted.)3.27 E(${)108 362.4 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:)A F1 +(of)A(fset)-.18 E F0(})A(${)108 374.4 Q F1(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(:)A F1 +(of)A(fset)-.18 E F2(:)A F1(length)A F0(})A F2 .002(Substring Expansion) +144 386.4 R F0 5.002(.E)C .002(xpands to up to)-5.002 F F1(length)2.502 +E F0 .002(characters of the v)2.502 F .002(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)2.502 E (ameter)-.15 E F0 .002(starting at the)2.502 F 1.082 -(character speci\214ed by)144 316.8 R F2(of)3.582 E(fset)-.18 E F0 6.082 -(.I)C(f)-6.082 E F2(par)3.582 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.582 E F1(@)3.582 E +(character speci\214ed by)144 398.4 R F1(of)3.582 E(fset)-.18 E F0 6.082 +(.I)C(f)-6.082 E F1(par)3.582 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.582 E F2(@)3.582 E F0 3.582(,a)C 3.582(ni)-3.582 G(nde)-3.582 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.582(da).15 -G 1.082(rray subscripted by)-3.582 F F1(@)3.582 E F0(or)3.581 E F1(*) -3.581 E F0 3.581(,o)C 3.581(ra)-3.581 G(n)-3.581 E(associati)144 328.8 Q +G 1.082(rray subscripted by)-3.582 F F2(@)3.582 E F0(or)3.581 E F2(*) +3.581 E F0 3.581(,o)C 3.581(ra)-3.581 G(n)-3.581 E(associati)144 410.4 Q 1.022 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .722(rray name, the results dif).15 F .722 -(fer as described belo)-.25 F 4.522 -.65(w. I)-.25 H(f).65 E F2(length) +(fer as described belo)-.25 F 4.522 -.65(w. I)-.25 H(f).65 E F1(length) 3.222 E F0 .722(is omitted, e)3.222 F .722(xpands to the)-.15 F .043 -(substring of the v)144 340.8 R .043(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)2.543 E +(substring of the v)144 422.4 R .043(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)2.543 E (ameter)-.15 E F0 .042(starting at the character speci\214ed by)2.543 F -F2(of)2.542 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .042(and e)2.542 F .042(xtending to the) --.15 F .846(end of the v)144 352.8 R(alue.)-.25 E F2(length)5.846 E F0 -(and)3.346 E F2(of)3.346 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .846(are arithmetic e)3.346 F +F1(of)2.542 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .042(and e)2.542 F .042(xtending to the) +-.15 F .846(end of the v)144 434.4 R(alue.)-.25 E F1(length)5.846 E F0 +(and)3.346 E F1(of)3.346 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .846(are arithmetic e)3.346 F .847(xpressions \(see)-.15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .847(ARITHMETIC EV) -3.347 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(belo)144 364.8 Q -(w\).)-.25 E(If)144 388.8 Q F2(of)3.029 E(fset)-.18 E F0 -.25(eva)3.029 +3.347 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(belo)144 446.4 Q +(w\).)-.25 E(If)144 470.4 Q F1(of)3.029 E(fset)-.18 E F0 -.25(eva)3.029 G .529(luates to a number less than zero, the v).25 F .529 (alue is used as an of)-.25 F .529(fset in characters from the)-.25 F -.045(end of the v)144 400.8 R .045(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)2.546 E(ameter) --.15 E F0 5.046(.I)C(f)-5.046 E F2(length)2.546 E F0 -.25(eva)2.546 G +.045(end of the v)144 482.4 R .045(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)2.546 E(ameter) +-.15 E F0 5.046(.I)C(f)-5.046 E F1(length)2.546 E F0 -.25(eva)2.546 G .046(luates to a number less than zero, it is interpreted as an).25 F -(of)144 412.8 Q .203(fset in characters from the end of the v)-.25 F -.202(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)2.702 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .202 -(rather than a number of characters, and)2.702 F .557(the e)144 424.8 R -.557(xpansion is the characters between)-.15 F F2(of)3.057 E(fset)-.18 E +(of)144 494.4 Q .203(fset in characters from the end of the v)-.25 F +.202(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)2.702 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .202 +(rather than a number of characters, and)2.702 F .557(the e)144 506.4 R +.557(xpansion is the characters between)-.15 F F1(of)3.057 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .557(and that result.)3.057 F .558(Note that a ne)5.558 F -.05(ga) -.15 G(ti).05 E .858 -.15(ve o)-.25 H -.25(ff).15 G .558(set must be).25 -F(separated from the colon by at least one space to a)144 436.8 Q -.2 -(vo)-.2 G(id being confused with the).2 E F1(:-)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(pansion.).15 E(If)144 460.8 Q F2(par)2.959 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)2.959 -E F1(@)2.959 E F0 2.959(,t)C .459(he result is)-2.959 F F2(length)2.959 -E F0 .459(positional parameters be)2.959 F .458(ginning at)-.15 F F2(of) +F(separated from the colon by at least one space to a)144 518.4 Q -.2 +(vo)-.2 G(id being confused with the).2 E F2(:-)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +(pansion.).15 E(If)144 542.4 Q F1(par)2.959 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)2.959 +E F2(@)2.959 E F0 2.959(,t)C .459(he result is)-2.959 F F1(length)2.959 +E F0 .459(positional parameters be)2.959 F .458(ginning at)-.15 F F1(of) 2.958 E(fset)-.18 E F0 5.458(.A)C(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G F2(of)3.108 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .095(is tak)144 472.8 R .095 +(ve)-.25 G F1(of)3.108 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .095(is tak)144 554.4 R .095 (en relati)-.1 F .396 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.596(oo).15 G .096 (ne greater than the greatest positional parameter)-2.596 F 2.596(,s)-.4 G 2.596(oa)-2.596 G 2.596(no)-2.596 G -.25(ff)-2.596 G .096(set of -1 e) .25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .096(luates to).25 F 1.322 -(the last positional parameter)144 484.8 R 6.322(.I)-.55 G 3.822(ti) +(the last positional parameter)144 566.4 R 6.322(.I)-.55 G 3.822(ti) -6.322 G 3.822(sa)-3.822 G 3.822(ne)-3.822 G 1.322(xpansion error if) --3.972 F F2(length)3.822 E F0 -.25(eva)3.822 G 1.322 -(luates to a number less than).25 F(zero.)144 496.8 Q(If)144 520.8 Q F2 +-3.972 F F1(length)3.822 E F0 -.25(eva)3.822 G 1.322 +(luates to a number less than).25 F(zero.)144 578.4 Q(If)144 602.4 Q F1 (par)3.013 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .514(is an inde)3.013 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.014(da).15 G .514(rray name subscripted by @ or *, the result is the) --3.014 F F2(length)3.014 E F0 .514(members of)3.014 F 1.082 -(the array be)144 532.8 R 1.082(ginning with ${)-.15 F F2(par)A(ameter) --.15 E F0([)A F2(of)A(fset)-.18 E F0 3.582(]}. A)B(ne)3.582 E -.05(ga) --.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G F2(of)3.732 E(fset)-.18 E F0 1.081 +-3.014 F F1(length)3.014 E F0 .514(members of)3.014 F 1.082 +(the array be)144 614.4 R 1.082(ginning with ${)-.15 F F1(par)A(ameter) +-.15 E F0([)A F1(of)A(fset)-.18 E F0 3.582(]}. A)B(ne)3.582 E -.05(ga) +-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G F1(of)3.732 E(fset)-.18 E F0 1.081 (is tak)3.581 F 1.081(en relati)-.1 F 1.381 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.581(oo) -.15 G 1.081(ne greater)-3.581 F 1.079(than the maximum inde)144 544.8 R +.15 G 1.081(ne greater)-3.581 F 1.079(than the maximum inde)144 626.4 R 3.579(xo)-.15 G 3.579(ft)-3.579 G 1.079(he speci\214ed array)-3.579 F 6.079(.I)-.65 G 3.579(ti)-6.079 G 3.579(sa)-3.579 G 3.58(ne)-3.579 G -1.08(xpansion error if)-3.73 F F2(length)3.58 E F0 -.25(eva)3.58 G 1.08 -(luates to a).25 F(number less than zero.)144 556.8 Q(Substring e)144 -580.8 Q(xpansion applied to an associati)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -(rray produces unde\214ned results.).15 E 1.931(Substring inde)144 604.8 +1.08(xpansion error if)-3.73 F F1(length)3.58 E F0 -.25(eva)3.58 G 1.08 +(luates to a).25 F(number less than zero.)144 638.4 Q(Substring e)144 +662.4 Q(xpansion applied to an associati)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H +(rray produces unde\214ned results.).15 E 1.931(Substring inde)144 686.4 R 1.931(xing is zero-based unless the positional parameters are used, i\ -n which case the)-.15 F(inde)144 616.8 Q .306(xing starts at 1 by def) --.15 F 2.806(ault. If)-.1 F F2(of)2.807 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .307 -(is 0, and the positional parameters are used,)2.807 F F1($0)2.807 E F0 -.307(is pre\214x)2.807 F(ed)-.15 E(to the list.)144 628.8 Q(${)108 645.6 -Q F1(!)A F2(pr)A(e\214x)-.37 E F1(*)A F0(})A(${)108 657.6 Q F1(!)A F2 -(pr)A(e\214x)-.37 E F1(@)A F0(})A F1 .085(Names matching pr)144 669.6 R -(e\214x)-.18 E F0 5.085(.E)C .084(xpands to the names of v)-5.085 F .084 -(ariables whose names be)-.25 F .084(gin with)-.15 F F2(pr)2.584 E -(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.584(,s)C(epa-)-2.584 E .257 -(rated by the \214rst character of the)144 681.6 R F3(IFS)2.757 E F0 -.257(special v)2.507 F 2.757(ariable. When)-.25 F F2(@)2.758 E F0 .258 -(is used and the e)2.758 F .258(xpansion appears)-.15 F -(within double quotes, each v)144 693.6 Q(ariable name e)-.25 E -(xpands to a separate w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q -(2015 April 6)149.285 E(21)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +n which case the)-.15 F(inde)144 698.4 Q .306(xing starts at 1 by def) +-.15 F 2.806(ault. If)-.1 F F1(of)2.807 E(fset)-.18 E F0 .307 +(is 0, and the positional parameters are used,)2.807 F F2($0)2.807 E F0 +.307(is pre\214x)2.807 F(ed)-.15 E(to the list.)144 710.4 Q +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(21)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 22 22 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(${)108 84 Q/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(!)A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)A F0([)A F2(@)A F0(]}) -A(${)108 96 Q F1(!)A F2(name)A F0([)A F2(*)A F0(]})A F1 2.036 -(List of array k)144 108 R(eys)-.1 E F0 7.036(.I)C(f)-7.036 E F2(name) -4.536 E F0 2.036(is an array v)4.536 F 2.036(ariable, e)-.25 F 2.036 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(!)A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(pr)A(e\214x)-.37 E F1(*)A +F0(})A(${)108 96 Q F1(!)A F2(pr)A(e\214x)-.37 E F1(@)A F0(})A F1 .085 +(Names matching pr)144 108 R(e\214x)-.18 E F0 5.085(.E)C .084 +(xpands to the names of v)-5.085 F .084(ariables whose names be)-.25 F +.084(gin with)-.15 F F2(pr)2.584 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.584(,s)C(epa-) +-2.584 E .257(rated by the \214rst character of the)144 120 R/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)2.757 E F0 .257(special v)2.507 F 2.757 +(ariable. When)-.25 F F2(@)2.758 E F0 .258(is used and the e)2.758 F +.258(xpansion appears)-.15 F(within double quotes, each v)144 132 Q +(ariable name e)-.25 E(xpands to a separate w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E(${)108 +148.8 Q F1(!)A F2(name)A F0([)A F2(@)A F0(]})A(${)108 160.8 Q F1(!)A F2 +(name)A F0([)A F2(*)A F0(]})A F1 2.036(List of array k)144 172.8 R(eys) +-.1 E F0 7.036(.I)C(f)-7.036 E F2(name)4.536 E F0 2.036(is an array v) +4.536 F 2.036(ariable, e)-.25 F 2.036 (xpands to the list of array indices \(k)-.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G(s\)).15 E -.595(assigned in)144 120 R F2(name)3.095 E F0 5.595(.I)C(f)-5.595 E F2 +.595(assigned in)144 184.8 R F2(name)3.095 E F0 5.595(.I)C(f)-5.595 E F2 (name)3.095 E F0 .595(is not an array)3.095 F 3.095(,e)-.65 G .595 (xpands to 0 if)-3.245 F F2(name)3.095 E F0 .596 -(is set and null otherwise.)3.095 F(When)5.596 E F2(@)144 132 Q F0 +(is set and null otherwise.)3.095 F(When)5.596 E F2(@)144 196.8 Q F0 (is used and the e)2.5 E(xpansion appears within double quotes, each k) -.15 E .3 -.15(ey ex)-.1 H(pands to a separate w).15 E(ord.)-.1 E(${)108 -148.8 Q F1(#)A F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F0(})A F1 -.1(Pa)144 160.8 S .471 +213.6 Q F1(#)A F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F0(})A F1 -.1(Pa)144 225.6 S .471 (rameter length).1 F F0 5.471(.T)C .471 (he length in characters of the v)-5.471 F .471(alue of)-.25 F F2(par) 2.971 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .47(is substituted.)2.97 F(If)5.47 E F2(par) -4.22 E(ame-)-.15 E(ter)144 172.8 Q F0(is)4.438 E F1(*)3.708 E F0(or) +4.22 E(ame-)-.15 E(ter)144 237.6 Q F0(is)4.438 E F1(*)3.708 E F0(or) 3.708 E F1(@)3.708 E F0 3.708(,t)C 1.208(he v)-3.708 F 1.208 (alue substituted is the number of positional parameters.)-.25 F(If) 6.209 E F2(par)4.959 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.209(is an)4.439 F .349 -(array name subscripted by)144 184.8 R F1(*)2.849 E F0(or)2.849 E F1(@) +(array name subscripted by)144 249.6 R F1(*)2.849 E F0(or)2.849 E F1(@) 2.849 E F0 2.849(,t)C .349(he v)-2.849 F .349 (alue substituted is the number of elements in the array)-.25 F 5.348 -(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.348 E F2(par)145.25 196.8 Q(ameter)-.15 E F0 .455 +(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.348 E F2(par)145.25 261.6 Q(ameter)-.15 E F0 .455 (is an inde)3.685 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.955(da).15 G .456 (rray name subscripted by a ne)-2.955 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .756 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E 2.956(,t)-.4 G .456 -(hat number is interpreted)-2.956 F .973(as relati)144 208.8 R 1.273 +(hat number is interpreted)-2.956 F .973(as relati)144 273.6 R 1.273 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.473(oo).15 G .973(ne greater than the maximum inde) -3.473 F 3.473(xo)-.15 G(f)-3.473 E F2(par)3.473 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 3.472(,s)C 3.472(on)-3.472 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-3.472 H(ti).15 E 1.272 -.15(ve i)-.25 H .972(ndices count back).15 F(from the end of the array) -144 220.8 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G(nd an inde)-2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5<66ad>-2.5 -G 2.5(1r)-2.5 G(eferences the last element.)-2.5 E(${)108 237.6 Q F2 -(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(#)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A(${)108 249.6 Q F2 -(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(##)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F1(Remo)144 261.6 +144 285.6 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G(nd an inde)-2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5<66ad>-2.5 +G 2.5(1r)-2.5 G(eferences the last element.)-2.5 E(${)108 302.4 Q F2 +(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(#)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A(${)108 314.4 Q F2 +(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(##)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F1(Remo)144 326.4 Q 1.396 -.1(ve m)-.1 H 1.196(atching pr).1 F 1.196(e\214x patter)-.18 F (n)-.15 E F0 6.196(.T)C(he)-6.196 E F2(wor)4.036 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.196 (is e)4.466 F 1.196(xpanded to produce a pattern just as in path-)-.15 F -.152(name e)144 273.6 R 2.652(xpansion. If)-.15 F .152 +.152(name e)144 338.4 R 2.652(xpansion. If)-.15 F .152 (the pattern matches the be)2.652 F .152(ginning of the v)-.15 F .152 (alue of)-.25 F F2(par)2.652 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 2.652(,t).73 G .151 -(hen the result of)-2.652 F 1.4(the e)144 285.6 R 1.4(xpansion is the e) +(hen the result of)-2.652 F 1.4(the e)144 350.4 R 1.4(xpansion is the e) -.15 F 1.4(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.4(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)5.15 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.4(with the shortest matching pattern \(the `)4.63 F(`)-.74 E F1 (#)A F0 -.74('')C .281(case\) or the longest matching pattern \(the `) -144 297.6 R(`)-.74 E F1(##)A F0 1.761 -.74('' c)D .281(ase\) deleted.) +144 362.4 R(`)-.74 E F1(##)A F0 1.761 -.74('' c)D .281(ase\) deleted.) .74 F(If)5.281 E F2(par)4.031 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.511 E F1(@)2.781 E F0(or)2.781 E F1(*)2.781 E F0 2.781(,t)C .281(he pattern)-2.781 F(remo) -144 309.6 Q -.25(va)-.15 G 3.274(lo).25 G .774 +144 374.4 Q -.25(va)-.15 G 3.274(lo).25 G .774 (peration is applied to each positional parameter in turn, and the e) --3.274 F .774(xpansion is the resul-)-.15 F .402(tant list.)144 321.6 R +-3.274 F .774(xpansion is the resul-)-.15 F .402(tant list.)144 386.4 R (If)5.402 E F2(par)4.152 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .401(is an array v)3.632 F .401(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F1(@)2.901 E F0(or)2.901 E F1(*) 2.901 E F0 2.901(,t)C .401(he pattern remo)-2.901 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.901 (lo).25 G(peration)-2.901 E -(is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e)144 333.6 Q -(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E(${)108 350.4 Q F2(par)A(ameter) --.15 E F1(%)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A(${)108 362.4 Q F2(par)A(ameter) --.15 E F1(%%)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F1(Remo)144 374.4 Q .346 -.1 +(is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e)144 398.4 Q +(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E(${)108 415.2 Q F2(par)A(ameter) +-.15 E F1(%)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A(${)108 427.2 Q F2(par)A(ameter) +-.15 E F1(%%)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A F1(Remo)144 439.2 Q .346 -.1 (ve m)-.1 H .146(atching suf\214x patter).1 F(n)-.15 E F0 5.146(.T)C(he) -5.146 E F2(wor)2.646 E(d)-.37 E F0 .147(is e)2.647 F .147 (xpanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname)-.15 F -.15(ex)144 -386.4 S 3.088(pansion. If).15 F .588 +451.2 S 3.088(pansion. If).15 F .588 (the pattern matches a trailing portion of the e)3.088 F .588(xpanded v) -.15 F .588(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)3.088 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 3.088(,t).73 -G .588(hen the)-3.088 F .226(result of the e)144 398.4 R .226 +G .588(hen the)-3.088 F .226(result of the e)144 463.2 R .226 (xpansion is the e)-.15 F .226(xpanded v)-.15 F .226(alue of)-.25 F F2 (par)3.976 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .226 -(with the shortest matching pattern \(the)3.456 F -.74(``)144 410.4 S F1 +(with the shortest matching pattern \(the)3.456 F -.74(``)144 475.2 S F1 (%).74 E F0 1.522 -.74('' c)D .042 (ase\) or the longest matching pattern \(the `).74 F(`)-.74 E F1(%%)A F0 1.522 -.74('' c)D .042(ase\) deleted.).74 F(If)5.042 E F2(par)3.792 E (ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.272 E F1(@)2.541 E F0(or)2.541 E F1(*)2.541 E F0 -2.541(,t)C(he)-2.541 E .44(pattern remo)144 422.4 R -.25(va)-.15 G 2.94 +2.541(,t)C(he)-2.541 E .44(pattern remo)144 487.2 R -.25(va)-.15 G 2.94 (lo).25 G .441 (peration is applied to each positional parameter in turn, and the e) --2.94 F .441(xpansion is the)-.15 F .241(resultant list.)144 434.4 R(If) +-2.94 F .441(xpansion is the)-.15 F .241(resultant list.)144 499.2 R(If) 5.241 E F2(par)3.991 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .241(is an array v)3.471 F .241 (ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F1(@)2.741 E F0(or)2.74 E F1(*)2.74 E F0 2.74(,t)C .24(he pattern remo)-2.74 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.74(lo).25 G (per)-2.74 E(-)-.2 E (ation is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e)144 -446.4 Q(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E(${)108 463.2 Q F2(par)A +511.2 Q(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E(${)108 528 Q F2(par)A (ameter)-.15 E F1(/)A F2(pattern)A F1(/)A F2(string)A F0(})A F1 -.1(Pa) -144 475.2 S(tter).1 E 3.606(ns)-.15 G(ubstitution)-3.606 E F0 6.106(.T)C +144 540 S(tter).1 E 3.606(ns)-.15 G(ubstitution)-3.606 E F0 6.106(.T)C (he)-6.106 E F2(pattern)3.606 E F0 1.106(is e)3.606 F 1.107 (xpanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname e)-.15 F(xpan-)-.15 E -(sion.)144 487.2 Q F2 -.8(Pa)6.034 G -.15(ra).8 G(meter).15 E F0 1.034 +(sion.)144 552 Q F2 -.8(Pa)6.034 G -.15(ra).8 G(meter).15 E F0 1.034 (is e)3.534 F 1.033(xpanded and the longest match of)-.15 F F2(pattern) 3.533 E F0(ag)3.533 E 1.033(ainst its v)-.05 F 1.033 -(alue is replaced with)-.25 F F2(string)144 499.2 Q F0 5.16(.I)C(f)-5.16 -E F2(pattern)2.66 E F0(be)2.66 E .16(gins with)-.15 F F1(/)2.66 E F0 -2.66(,a)C .161(ll matches of)-2.66 F F2(pattern)2.661 E F0 .161 +(alue is replaced with)-.25 F F2(string)144 564 Q F0 5.16(.I)C(f)-5.16 E +F2(pattern)2.66 E F0(be)2.66 E .16(gins with)-.15 F F1(/)2.66 E F0 2.66 +(,a)C .161(ll matches of)-2.66 F F2(pattern)2.661 E F0 .161 (are replaced with)2.661 F F2(string)2.661 E F0 5.161(.N)C .161 -(ormally only the)-5.161 F .807(\214rst match is replaced.)144 511.2 R -(If)5.807 E F2(pattern)3.307 E F0(be)3.307 E .807(gins with)-.15 F F1(#) +(ormally only the)-5.161 F .807(\214rst match is replaced.)144 576 R(If) +5.807 E F2(pattern)3.307 E F0(be)3.307 E .807(gins with)-.15 F F1(#) 3.307 E F0 3.306(,i)C 3.306(tm)-3.306 G .806(ust match at the be)-3.306 -F .806(ginning of the e)-.15 F(xpanded)-.15 E -.25(va)144 523.2 S .62 +F .806(ginning of the e)-.15 F(xpanded)-.15 E -.25(va)144 588 S .62 (lue of).25 F F2(par)3.12 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.62(.I)C(f)-5.62 E F2 (pattern)3.12 E F0(be)3.12 E .62(gins with)-.15 F F1(%)3.12 E F0 3.12 (,i)C 3.121(tm)-3.12 G .621(ust match at the end of the e)-3.121 F .621 -(xpanded v)-.15 F .621(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)144 535.2 Q(ameter)-.15 E -F0 6.254(.I)C(f)-6.254 E F2(string)3.754 E F0 1.253(is null, matches of) +(xpanded v)-.15 F .621(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)144 600 Q(ameter)-.15 E F0 +6.254(.I)C(f)-6.254 E F2(string)3.754 E F0 1.253(is null, matches of) 3.753 F F2(pattern)3.753 E F0 1.253(are deleted and the)3.753 F F1(/) 3.753 E F0(follo)3.753 E(wing)-.25 E F2(pattern)3.753 E F0 1.253(may be) -3.753 F 2.731(omitted. If)144 547.2 R(the)2.731 E F1(nocasematch)2.731 E +3.753 F 2.731(omitted. If)144 612 R(the)2.731 E F1(nocasematch)2.731 E F0 .231(shell option is enabled, the match is performed without re)2.731 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .232(rd to the).05 F .188 -(case of alphabetic characters.)144 559.2 R(If)5.188 E F2(par)3.938 E +(case of alphabetic characters.)144 624 R(If)5.188 E F2(par)3.938 E (ameter)-.15 E F0(is)3.418 E F1(@)2.688 E F0(or)2.688 E F1(*)2.687 E F0 2.687(,t)C .187(he substitution operation is applied to each)-2.687 F -.445(positional parameter in turn, and the e)144 571.2 R .446 +.445(positional parameter in turn, and the e)144 636 R .446 (xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 F(If)5.446 E F2(par)4.196 E (ameter)-.15 E F0 .446(is an array v)3.676 F(ari-)-.25 E .463 -(able subscripted with)144 583.2 R F1(@)2.963 E F0(or)2.963 E F1(*)2.963 -E F0 2.963(,t)C .462 +(able subscripted with)144 648 R F1(@)2.963 E F0(or)2.963 E F1(*)2.963 E +F0 2.963(,t)C .462 (he substitution operation is applied to each member of the array in) --2.963 F(turn, and the e)144 595.2 Q(xpansion is the resultant list.) --.15 E(${)108 612 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(^)A F2(pattern)A F0(})A -(${)108 624 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(^^)A F2(pattern)A F0(})A(${)108 -636 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(,)A F2(pattern)A F0(})A(${)108 648 Q F2 -(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(,,)A F2(pattern)A F0(})A F1 .437 -(Case modi\214cation)144 660 R F0 5.437(.T)C .437(his e)-5.437 F .438 -(xpansion modi\214es the case of alphabetic characters in)-.15 F F2(par) -2.938 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.438(.T)C(he)-5.438 E F2(pattern)144 672 Q F0 +-2.963 F(turn, and the e)144 660 Q(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 +E(${)108 676.8 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(^)A F2(pattern)A F0(})A(${) +108 688.8 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(^^)A F2(pattern)A F0(})A(${)108 +700.8 Q F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(,)A F2(pattern)A F0(})A(GNU Bash 4.4) +72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(22)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 23 23 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(${)108 84 Q/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(par)A(ameter)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(,,)A F1 +(pattern)A F0(})A F2 .437(Case modi\214cation)144 96 R F0 5.437(.T)C +.437(his e)-5.437 F .438 +(xpansion modi\214es the case of alphabetic characters in)-.15 F F1(par) +2.938 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 5.438(.T)C(he)-5.438 E F1(pattern)144 108 Q F0 1.407(is e)3.907 F 1.407 (xpanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname e)-.15 F 3.906 -(xpansion. Each)-.15 F 1.406(character in the)3.906 F -.15(ex)144 684 S -1.231(panded v).15 F 1.231(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)3.732 E(ameter)-.15 E -F0 1.232(is tested ag)3.732 F(ainst)-.05 E F2(pattern)3.732 E F0 3.732 +(xpansion. Each)-.15 F 1.406(character in the)3.906 F -.15(ex)144 120 S +1.231(panded v).15 F 1.231(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)3.732 E(ameter)-.15 E +F0 1.232(is tested ag)3.732 F(ainst)-.05 E F1(pattern)3.732 E F0 3.732 (,a)C 1.232(nd, if it matches the pattern, its case is)-3.732 F(con)144 -696 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G 2.924(rted. The).15 F .424 +132 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G 2.924(rted. The).15 F .424 (pattern should not attempt to match more than one character)2.924 F -5.424(.T)-.55 G(he)-5.424 E F1(^)2.924 E F0 .424(operator con-)2.924 F --.15(ve)144 708 S .61(rts lo).15 F .61(wercase letters matching)-.25 F -F2(pattern)3.11 E F0 .61(to uppercase; the)3.11 F F1(,)3.11 E F0 .61 +5.424(.T)-.55 G(he)-5.424 E F2(^)2.924 E F0 .424(operator con-)2.924 F +-.15(ve)144 144 S .61(rts lo).15 F .61(wercase letters matching)-.25 F +F1(pattern)3.11 E F0 .61(to uppercase; the)3.11 F F2(,)3.11 E F0 .61 (operator con)3.11 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .61(rts matching uppercase).15 F -1.548(letters to lo)144 720 R 4.047(wercase. The)-.25 F F1(^^)4.047 E F0 -(and)4.047 E F1(,,)4.047 E F0 -.15(ex)4.047 G 1.547(pansions con).15 F +1.548(letters to lo)144 156 R 4.047(wercase. The)-.25 F F2(^^)4.047 E F0 +(and)4.047 E F2(,,)4.047 E F0 -.15(ex)4.047 G 1.547(pansions con).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.547(rt each matched character in the e).15 F(xpanded) --.15 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(22)198.445 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 23 23 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -.25(va)144 84 S -.633(lue; the).25 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(^)3.133 E F0(and)3.133 E F1(,) -3.133 E F0 -.15(ex)3.133 G .633(pansions match and con).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 -G .634(rt only the \214rst character in the e).15 F .634(xpanded v)-.15 -F 3.134(alue. If)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(pattern)144 96 Q F0 .78 -(is omitted, it is treated lik)3.28 F 3.28(ea)-.1 G F1(?)A F0 3.28(,w)C +-.15 E -.25(va)144 168 S .633(lue; the).25 F F2(^)3.133 E F0(and)3.133 E +F2(,)3.133 E F0 -.15(ex)3.133 G .633(pansions match and con).15 F -.15 +(ve)-.4 G .634(rt only the \214rst character in the e).15 F .634 +(xpanded v)-.15 F 3.134(alue. If)-.25 F F1(pattern)144 180 Q F0 .78 +(is omitted, it is treated lik)3.28 F 3.28(ea)-.1 G F2(?)A F0 3.28(,w)C .78(hich matches e)-3.28 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .78(ry character).15 F 5.78 -(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.78 E F2(par)4.53 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)4.01 E F1(@)3.28 -E F0(or)3.28 E F1(*)3.28 E F0(,)A .582(the case modi\214cation operatio\ -n is applied to each positional parameter in turn, and the e)144 108 R -(xpansion)-.15 E .469(is the resultant list.)144 120 R(If)5.469 E F2 +(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.78 E F1(par)4.53 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)4.01 E F2(@)3.28 +E F0(or)3.28 E F2(*)3.28 E F0(,)A .582(the case modi\214cation operatio\ +n is applied to each positional parameter in turn, and the e)144 192 R +(xpansion)-.15 E .469(is the resultant list.)144 204 R(If)5.469 E F1 (par)4.218 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .468(is an array v)3.698 F .468 -(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F1(@)2.968 E F0(or)2.968 E F1(*)2.968 E +(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F2(@)2.968 E F0(or)2.968 E F2(*)2.968 E F0 2.968(,t)C .468(he case modi\214ca-)-2.968 F(tion operation is appli\ -ed to each member of the array in turn, and the e)144 132 Q -(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E(${)108 148.8 Q F2(par)A(ameter) --.15 E F1(@)A F2(oper)A(ator)-.15 E F0(})A F1 -.1(Pa)144 160.8 S .86 +ed to each member of the array in turn, and the e)144 216 Q +(xpansion is the resultant list.)-.15 E(${)108 232.8 Q F1(par)A(ameter) +-.15 E F2(@)A F1(oper)A(ator)-.15 E F0(})A F2 -.1(Pa)144 244.8 S .86 (rameter transf).1 F(ormation)-.25 E F0 5.86(.T)C .86(he e)-5.86 F .86 (xpansion is either a transformation of the v)-.15 F .86(alue of)-.25 F -F2(par)3.36 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .154(or information about)144 172.8 R F2 +F1(par)3.36 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .154(or information about)144 256.8 R F1 (par)2.654 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .153(itself, depending on the v)2.654 F -.153(alue of)-.25 F F2(oper)2.653 E(ator)-.15 E F0 5.153(.E)C(ach)-5.153 -E F2(oper)2.653 E(ator)-.15 E F0 .153(is a sin-)2.653 F(gle letter:)144 -184.8 Q F1(Q)144 208.8 Q F0 1.064(The e)180 208.8 R 1.064 -(xpansion is a string that is the v)-.15 F 1.065(alue of)-.25 F F2(par) +.153(alue of)-.25 F F1(oper)2.653 E(ator)-.15 E F0 5.153(.E)C(ach)-5.153 +E F1(oper)2.653 E(ator)-.15 E F0 .153(is a sin-)2.653 F(gle letter:)144 +268.8 Q F2(Q)144 292.8 Q F0 1.064(The e)180 292.8 R 1.064 +(xpansion is a string that is the v)-.15 F 1.065(alue of)-.25 F F1(par) 3.565 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.065(quoted in a format that can be)3.565 F -(reused as input.)180 220.8 Q F1(E)144 232.8 Q F0 .441(The e)180 232.8 R -.441(xpansion is a string that is the v)-.15 F .441(alue of)-.25 F F2 +(reused as input.)180 304.8 Q F2(E)144 316.8 Q F0 .441(The e)180 316.8 R +.441(xpansion is a string that is the v)-.15 F .441(alue of)-.25 F F1 (par)2.941 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .44(with backslash escape sequences)2.94 F --.15(ex)180 244.8 S(panded as with the).15 E F1($'...)2.5 E(')-.55 E F0 -(quoting mechansim.)2.5 E F1(P)144 256.8 Q F0 1.072(The e)180 256.8 R +-.15(ex)180 328.8 S(panded as with the).15 E F2($'...)2.5 E(')-.55 E F0 +(quoting mechansim.)2.5 E F2(P)144 340.8 Q F0 1.072(The e)180 340.8 R 1.073(xpansion is a string that is the result of e)-.15 F 1.073 -(xpanding the v)-.15 F 1.073(alue of)-.25 F F2(par)3.573 E(ameter)-.15 E -F0 1.073(as if it)3.573 F(were a prompt string \(see)180 268.8 Q F1(PR) -2.5 E(OMPTING)-.3 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(A)144 280.8 Q F0 .3 -(The e)180 280.8 R .3(xpansion is a string in the form of a)-.15 F F1 +(xpanding the v)-.15 F 1.073(alue of)-.25 F F1(par)3.573 E(ameter)-.15 E +F0 1.073(as if it)3.573 F(were a prompt string \(see)180 352.8 Q F2(PR) +2.5 E(OMPTING)-.3 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(A)144 364.8 Q F0 .3 +(The e)180 364.8 R .3(xpansion is a string in the form of a)-.15 F F2 (declar)2.799 E(e)-.18 E F0 .299(command that, if e)2.799 F -.25(va)-.25 -G .299(luated, will recre-).25 F(ate)180 292.8 Q F2(par)2.5 E(ameter) --.15 E F0(with its attrib)2.5 E(utes and v)-.2 E(alue.)-.25 E F1(a)144 -304.8 Q F0(The e)180 304.8 Q +G .299(luated, will recre-).25 F(ate)180 376.8 Q F1(par)2.5 E(ameter) +-.15 E F0(with its attrib)2.5 E(utes and v)-.2 E(alue.)-.25 E F2(a)144 +388.8 Q F0(The e)180 388.8 Q (xpansion is a string consisting of \215ag v)-.15 E(alues representing) --.25 E F2(par)2.5 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.1 -.55('s a)D(ttrib).55 E(utes.) --.2 E(If)144 321.6 Q F2(par)5.33 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)4.81 E F1(@)4.08 -E F0(or)4.08 E F1(*)4.08 E F0 4.08(,t)C 1.581 +-.25 E F1(par)2.5 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 1.1 -.55('s a)D(ttrib).55 E(utes.) +-.2 E(If)144 405.6 Q F1(par)5.33 E(ameter)-.15 E F0(is)4.81 E F2(@)4.08 +E F0(or)4.08 E F2(*)4.08 E F0 4.08(,t)C 1.581 (he operation is applied to each positional parameter in turn, and the) --4.08 F -.15(ex)144 333.6 S .347(pansion is the resultant list.).15 F -(If)5.347 E F2(par)4.097 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .346(is an array v)3.577 F -.346(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F1(@)2.846 E F0(or)2.846 E F1(*) +-4.08 F -.15(ex)144 417.6 S .347(pansion is the resultant list.).15 F +(If)5.347 E F1(par)4.097 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .346(is an array v)3.577 F +.346(ariable subscripted with)-.25 F F2(@)2.846 E F0(or)2.846 E F2(*) 2.846 E F0 2.846(,t)C .346(he case)-2.846 F 1.204(modi\214cation operat\ -ion is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e)144 345.6 -R 1.204(xpansion is the)-.15 F(resultant list.)144 357.6 Q 1.85 -(The result of the e)144 381.6 R 1.849(xpansion is subject to w)-.15 F +ion is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the e)144 429.6 +R 1.204(xpansion is the)-.15 F(resultant list.)144 441.6 Q 1.85 +(The result of the e)144 465.6 R 1.849(xpansion is subject to w)-.15 F 1.849(ord splitting and pathname e)-.1 F 1.849(xpansion as described) --.15 F(belo)144 393.6 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G F1(Command Substitution)87 410.4 -Q F2 1.697(Command substitution)108 422.4 R F0(allo)4.197 E 1.697 +-.15 F(belo)144 477.6 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G F2(Command Substitution)87 494.4 +Q F1 1.697(Command substitution)108 506.4 R F0(allo)4.197 E 1.697 (ws the output of a command to replace the command name.)-.25 F 1.698 -(There are tw)6.698 F(o)-.1 E(forms:)108 434.4 Q F1($\()144 451.2 Q F2 -(command)A F1(\))1.666 E F0(or)108 463.2 Q F1<92>144 475.2 Q F2(command) -A F1<92>A(Bash)108 492 Q F0 .02(performs the e)2.52 F .02(xpansion by e) --.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F2(command)2.519 E F0 .019 +(There are tw)6.698 F(o)-.1 E(forms:)108 518.4 Q F2($\()144 535.2 Q F1 +(command)A F2(\))1.666 E F0(or)108 547.2 Q F2<92>144 559.2 Q F1(command) +A F2<92>A(Bash)108 576 Q F0 .02(performs the e)2.52 F .02(xpansion by e) +-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(command)2.519 E F0 .019 (and replacing the command substitution with the stan-)2.519 F .768 -(dard output of the command, with an)108 504 R 3.268(yt)-.15 G .768 +(dard output of the command, with an)108 588 R 3.268(yt)-.15 G .768 (railing ne)-3.268 F .768(wlines deleted.)-.25 F .768(Embedded ne)5.768 -F .768(wlines are not deleted, b)-.25 F(ut)-.2 E(the)108 516 Q 3.219(ym) +F .768(wlines are not deleted, b)-.25 F(ut)-.2 E(the)108 600 Q 3.219(ym) -.15 G .719(ay be remo)-3.219 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.219(dd).15 G .719 (uring w)-3.219 F .719(ord splitting.)-.1 F .719 -(The command substitution)5.719 F F1($\(cat)3.219 E F2(\214le)3.219 E F1 -(\))A F0 .718(can be replaced by the)3.219 F(equi)108 528 Q -.25(va)-.25 -G(lent b).25 E(ut f)-.2 E(aster)-.1 E F1($\(<)2.5 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F1 +(The command substitution)5.719 F F2($\(cat)3.219 E F1(\214le)3.219 E F2 +(\))A F0 .718(can be replaced by the)3.219 F(equi)108 612 Q -.25(va)-.25 +G(lent b).25 E(ut f)-.2 E(aster)-.1 E F2($\(<)2.5 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F2 (\))A F0(.)A 1.724(When the old-style backquote form of substitution is\ - used, backslash retains its literal meaning e)108 544.8 R(xcept)-.15 E -.315(when follo)108 556.8 R .315(wed by)-.25 F F1($)2.815 E F0(,)A F1 -<92>2.815 E F0 2.815(,o)C(r)-2.815 E F1(\\)2.815 E F0 5.315(.T)C .314(h\ + used, backslash retains its literal meaning e)108 628.8 R(xcept)-.15 E +.315(when follo)108 640.8 R .315(wed by)-.25 F F2($)2.815 E F0(,)A F2 +<92>2.815 E F0 2.815(,o)C(r)-2.815 E F2(\\)2.815 E F0 5.315(.T)C .314(h\ e \214rst backquote not preceded by a backslash terminates the command \ -sub-)-5.315 F 3.886(stitution. When)108 568.8 R 1.386(using the $\() -3.886 F F2(command).833 E F0 3.886(\)f)1.666 G 1.387 +sub-)-5.315 F 3.886(stitution. When)108 652.8 R 1.386(using the $\() +3.886 F F1(command).833 E F0 3.886(\)f)1.666 G 1.387 (orm, all characters between the parentheses mak)-3.886 F 3.887(eu)-.1 G 3.887(pt)-3.887 G 1.387(he com-)-3.887 F -(mand; none are treated specially)108 580.8 Q(.)-.65 E .894 -(Command substitutions may be nested.)108 597.6 R 2.494 -.8(To n)5.894 H +(mand; none are treated specially)108 664.8 Q(.)-.65 E .894 +(Command substitutions may be nested.)108 681.6 R 2.494 -.8(To n)5.894 H .894(est when using the backquoted form, escape the inner back-).8 F -(quotes with backslashes.)108 609.6 Q .422 -(If the substitution appears within double quotes, w)108 626.4 R .422 +(quotes with backslashes.)108 693.6 Q .422 +(If the substitution appears within double quotes, w)108 710.4 R .422 (ord splitting and pathname e)-.1 F .423(xpansion are not performed)-.15 -F(on the results.)108 638.4 Q F1(Arithmetic Expansion)87 655.2 Q F0 -1.035(Arithmetic e)108 667.2 R 1.035(xpansion allo)-.15 F 1.035 -(ws the e)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.034(luation of an arithmetic e).25 F -1.034(xpression and the substitution of the result.)-.15 F -(The format for arithmetic e)108 679.2 Q(xpansion is:)-.15 E F1($\(\() -144 696 Q F2 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F1(\)\))A F0(The)108 712.8 Q -F2 -.2(ex)2.665 G(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0 .165 -(is treated as if it were within double quotes, b)2.905 F .166 -(ut a double quote inside the parentheses is not)-.2 F 2.681 -(treated specially)108 724.8 R 7.681(.A)-.65 G 2.681(ll tok)-7.681 F -2.681(ens in the e)-.1 F 2.681(xpression under)-.15 F 2.681 -(go parameter and v)-.18 F 2.68(ariable e)-.25 F 2.68(xpansion, command) --.15 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(23)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +F(on the results.)108 722.4 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 +E(23)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 24 24 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .762 -(substitution, and quote remo)108 84 R -.25(va)-.15 G 3.262(l. The).25 F -.763(result is treated as the arithmetic e)3.262 F .763 -(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.263(luated. Arith-).25 F -(metic e)108 96 Q(xpansions may be nested.)-.15 E 1.379(The e)108 112.8 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(Arithmetic Expansion)87 84 Q F0 1.035(Arithmetic e)108 96 R 1.035 +(xpansion allo)-.15 F 1.035(ws the e)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.034 +(luation of an arithmetic e).25 F 1.034 +(xpression and the substitution of the result.)-.15 F +(The format for arithmetic e)108 108 Q(xpansion is:)-.15 E F1($\(\()144 +124.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F1(\)\))A +F0(The)108 141.6 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.665 G(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0 .165 +(is treated as if it were within double quotes, b)2.905 F .166 +(ut a double quote inside the parentheses is not)-.2 F .231 +(treated specially)108 153.6 R 5.231(.A)-.65 G .231(ll tok)-5.231 F .231 +(ens in the e)-.1 F .231(xpression under)-.15 F .231(go parameter and v) +-.18 F .23(ariable e)-.25 F .23(xpansion, command substi-)-.15 F 1.059 +(tution, and quote remo)108 165.6 R -.25(va)-.15 G 3.559(l. The).25 F +1.059(result is treated as the arithmetic e)3.559 F 1.06 +(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.56(luated. Arithmetic).25 F +-.15(ex)108 177.6 S(pansions may be nested.).15 E 1.379(The e)108 194.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.378 (luation is performed according to the rules listed belo).25 F 3.878(wu) --.25 G(nder)-3.878 E/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.378(ARITHMETIC EV)3.878 F -(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 -(If)5.878 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)108 124.8 S(pr).2 E(ession) --.37 E F0(is in)2.74 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid,).25 E/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -(bash)2.5 E F0(prints a message indicating f)2.5 E -(ailure and no substitution occurs.)-.1 E F4(Pr)87 141.6 Q -(ocess Substitution)-.18 E F3(Pr)108 153.6 Q .97(ocess substitution)-.45 -F F0 .971(is supported on systems that support named pipes \()3.47 F F3 -(FIFOs)A F0 3.471(\)o)C 3.471(rt)-3.471 G(he)-3.471 E F4(/de)3.471 E +-.25 G(nder)-3.878 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.378(ARITHMETIC EV)3.878 F +(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 +(If)5.878 E F2 -.2(ex)108 206.4 S(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0(is in)2.74 E +-.25(va)-.4 G(lid,).25 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(prints a message indicating f) +2.5 E(ailure and no substitution occurs.)-.1 E F1(Pr)87 223.2 Q +(ocess Substitution)-.18 E F2(Pr)108 235.2 Q .97(ocess substitution)-.45 +F F0 .971(is supported on systems that support named pipes \()3.47 F F2 +(FIFOs)A F0 3.471(\)o)C 3.471(rt)-3.471 G(he)-3.471 E F1(/de)3.471 E (v/fd)-.15 E F0 .971(method of)3.471 F .022(naming open \214les.)108 -165.6 R .021(It tak)5.022 F .021(es the form of)-.1 F F4(<\()2.521 E F3 -(list)A F4(\)).833 E F0(or)2.521 E F4(>\()2.521 E F3(list)A F4(\)).833 E -F0 5.021(.T)C .021(he process)-5.021 F F3(list)2.521 E F0 .021 -(is run with its input or output con-)2.521 F .058(nected to a)108 177.6 -R F3(FIFO)2.558 E F0 .058(or some \214le in)2.558 F F4(/de)2.558 E(v/fd) +247.2 R .021(It tak)5.022 F .021(es the form of)-.1 F F1(<\()2.521 E F2 +(list)A F1(\)).833 E F0(or)2.521 E F1(>\()2.521 E F2(list)A F1(\)).833 E +F0 5.021(.T)C .021(he process)-5.021 F F2(list)2.521 E F0 .021 +(is run with its input or output con-)2.521 F .058(nected to a)108 259.2 +R F2(FIFO)2.558 E F0 .058(or some \214le in)2.558 F F1(/de)2.558 E(v/fd) -.15 E F0 5.058(.T)C .058(he name of this \214le is passed as an ar) -5.058 F .059(gument to the current com-)-.18 F .131 -(mand as the result of the e)108 189.6 R 2.631(xpansion. If)-.15 F(the) -2.63 E F4(>\()2.63 E F3(list)A F4(\)).833 E F0 .13 +(mand as the result of the e)108 271.2 R 2.631(xpansion. If)-.15 F(the) +2.63 E F1(>\()2.63 E F2(list)A F1(\)).833 E F0 .13 (form is used, writing to the \214le will pro)2.63 F .13(vide input for) --.15 F F3(list)2.63 E F0(.)A(If the)108 201.6 Q F4(<\()2.5 E F3(list)A -F4(\)).833 E F0(form is used, the \214le passed as an ar)2.5 E -(gument should be read to obtain the output of)-.18 E F3(list)2.5 E F0 -(.)A .896(When a)108 218.4 R -.25(va)-.2 G .896(ilable, process substit\ -ution is performed simultaneously with parameter and v).25 F .897 +-.15 F F2(list)2.63 E F0(.)A(If the)108 283.2 Q F1(<\()2.5 E F2(list)A +F1(\)).833 E F0(form is used, the \214le passed as an ar)2.5 E +(gument should be read to obtain the output of)-.18 E F2(list)2.5 E F0 +(.)A .896(When a)108 300 R -.25(va)-.2 G .896(ilable, process substitut\ +ion is performed simultaneously with parameter and v).25 F .897 (ariable e)-.25 F(xpansion,)-.15 E -(command substitution, and arithmetic e)108 230.4 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F4 --.75(Wo)87 247.2 S(rd Splitting).75 E F0 1.143 -(The shell scans the results of parameter e)108 259.2 R 1.142 +(command substitution, and arithmetic e)108 312 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 +-.75(Wo)87 328.8 S(rd Splitting).75 E F0 1.143 +(The shell scans the results of parameter e)108 340.8 R 1.142 (xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 1.142 -(xpansion that)-.15 F(did not occur within double quotes for)108 271.2 Q -F3(wor)2.5 E 2.5(ds)-.37 G(plitting)-2.5 E F0(.).22 E .063 -(The shell treats each character of)108 288 R F1(IFS)2.563 E F0 .063 +(xpansion that)-.15 F(did not occur within double quotes for)108 352.8 Q +F2(wor)2.5 E 2.5(ds)-.37 G(plitting)-2.5 E F0(.).22 E .063 +(The shell treats each character of)108 369.6 R F3(IFS)2.563 E F0 .063 (as a delimiter)2.313 F 2.563(,a)-.4 G .063 (nd splits the results of the other e)-2.563 F .063(xpansions into w) -.15 F(ords)-.1 E .207(using these characters as \214eld terminators.) -108 300 R(If)5.207 E F1(IFS)2.707 E F0 .207(is unset, or its v)2.457 F -.207(alue is e)-.25 F(xactly)-.15 E F4()2.707 E F0 -(,)A .836(the def)108 312 R .836(ault, then sequences of)-.1 F F4 -()3.336 E F0(,)A F4()3.336 E F0 3.336(,a)C(nd)-3.336 E F4 +108 381.6 R(If)5.207 E F3(IFS)2.707 E F0 .207(is unset, or its v)2.457 F +.207(alue is e)-.25 F(xactly)-.15 E F1()2.707 E F0 +(,)A .836(the def)108 393.6 R .836(ault, then sequences of)-.1 F F1 +()3.336 E F0(,)A F1()3.336 E F0 3.336(,a)C(nd)-3.336 E F1 ()3.336 E F0 .837(at the be)3.336 F .837 -(ginning and end of the results of)-.15 F .346(the pre)108 324 R .345 +(ginning and end of the results of)-.15 F .346(the pre)108 405.6 R .345 (vious e)-.25 F .345(xpansions are ignored, and an)-.15 F 2.845(ys)-.15 -G .345(equence of)-2.845 F F1(IFS)2.845 E F0 .345 +G .345(equence of)-2.845 F F3(IFS)2.845 E F0 .345 (characters not at the be)2.595 F .345(ginning or end serv)-.15 F(es) --.15 E 1.236(to delimit w)108 336 R 3.736(ords. If)-.1 F F1(IFS)3.736 E -F0 1.236(has a v)3.486 F 1.236(alue other than the def)-.25 F 1.237 -(ault, then sequences of the whitespace characters)-.1 F F4(space)108 -348 Q F0(and)3.187 E F4(tab)3.187 E F0 .687(are ignored at the be)3.187 -F .687(ginning and end of the w)-.15 F .686 -(ord, as long as the whitespace character is in)-.1 F .276(the v)108 360 -R .276(alue of)-.25 F F1(IFS)2.777 E F0(\(an)2.527 E F1(IFS)2.777 E F0 -.277(whitespace character\).)2.527 F(An)5.277 E 2.777(yc)-.15 G .277 -(haracter in)-2.777 F F1(IFS)2.777 E F0 .277(that is not)2.527 F F1(IFS) -2.777 E F0 .277(whitespace, along with)2.527 F(an)108 372 Q 3.336(ya) --.15 G(djacent)-3.336 E F1(IFS)3.336 E F0 .836 +-.15 E 1.236(to delimit w)108 417.6 R 3.736(ords. If)-.1 F F3(IFS)3.736 +E F0 1.236(has a v)3.486 F 1.236(alue other than the def)-.25 F 1.237 +(ault, then sequences of the whitespace characters)-.1 F F1(space)108 +429.6 Q F0(and)3.187 E F1(tab)3.187 E F0 .687(are ignored at the be) +3.187 F .687(ginning and end of the w)-.15 F .686 +(ord, as long as the whitespace character is in)-.1 F .276(the v)108 +441.6 R .276(alue of)-.25 F F3(IFS)2.777 E F0(\(an)2.527 E F3(IFS)2.777 +E F0 .277(whitespace character\).)2.527 F(An)5.277 E 2.777(yc)-.15 G +.277(haracter in)-2.777 F F3(IFS)2.777 E F0 .277(that is not)2.527 F F3 +(IFS)2.777 E F0 .277(whitespace, along with)2.527 F(an)108 453.6 Q 3.336 +(ya)-.15 G(djacent)-3.336 E F3(IFS)3.336 E F0 .836 (whitespace characters, delimits a \214eld.)3.086 F 3.335(As)5.835 G -.835(equence of)-3.335 F F1(IFS)3.335 E F0 .835 -(whitespace characters is also)3.085 F(treated as a delimiter)108 384 Q -5(.I)-.55 G 2.5(ft)-5 G(he v)-2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F1(IFS)2.5 E F0 +.835(equence of)-3.335 F F3(IFS)3.335 E F0 .835 +(whitespace characters is also)3.085 F(treated as a delimiter)108 465.6 +Q 5(.I)-.55 G 2.5(ft)-5 G(he v)-2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F3(IFS)2.5 E F0 (is null, no w)2.25 E(ord splitting occurs.)-.1 E 1.878 -(Explicit null ar)108 400.8 R 1.878(guments \()-.18 F F4 .833("").833 G -F0(or)3.545 E F4 .833<0808>5.211 G F0 4.378(\)a)C 1.878(re retained.) +(Explicit null ar)108 482.4 R 1.878(guments \()-.18 F F1 .833("").833 G +F0(or)3.545 E F1 .833<0808>5.211 G F0 4.378(\)a)C 1.878(re retained.) -4.378 F 1.878(Unquoted implicit null ar)6.878 F 1.879 -(guments, resulting from the)-.18 F -.15(ex)108 412.8 S .177 +(guments, resulting from the)-.18 F -.15(ex)108 494.4 S .177 (pansion of parameters that ha).15 F .477 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.677(ov).15 G .177(alues, are remo)-2.927 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.676(d. If).15 F 2.676(ap) 2.676 G .176(arameter with no v)-2.676 F .176(alue is e)-.25 F .176 -(xpanded within)-.15 F(double quotes, a null ar)108 424.8 Q -(gument results and is retained.)-.18 E(Note that if no e)108 441.6 Q -(xpansion occurs, no splitting is performed.)-.15 E F4 -.1(Pa)87 458.4 S -(thname Expansion).1 E F0 .37(After w)108 470.4 R .37 -(ord splitting, unless the)-.1 F F42.87 E F0 .37 -(option has been set,)2.87 F F4(bash)2.87 E F0 .371(scans each w)2.871 F -.371(ord for the characters)-.1 F F4(*)2.871 E F0(,)A F4(?)2.871 E F0 -2.871(,a)C(nd)-2.871 E F4([)2.871 E F0(.)A .678 -(If one of these characters appears, then the w)108 482.4 R .677 -(ord is re)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .677(rded as a).05 F F3(pattern)3.177 E +(xpanded within)-.15 F(double quotes, a null ar)108 506.4 Q +(gument results and is retained.)-.18 E(Note that if no e)108 523.2 Q +(xpansion occurs, no splitting is performed.)-.15 E F1 -.1(Pa)87 540 S +(thname Expansion).1 E F0 .37(After w)108 552 R .37 +(ord splitting, unless the)-.1 F F12.87 E F0 .37 +(option has been set,)2.87 F F1(bash)2.87 E F0 .371(scans each w)2.871 F +.371(ord for the characters)-.1 F F1(*)2.871 E F0(,)A F1(?)2.871 E F0 +2.871(,a)C(nd)-2.871 E F1([)2.871 E F0(.)A .678 +(If one of these characters appears, then the w)108 564 R .677 +(ord is re)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .677(rded as a).05 F F2(pattern)3.177 E F0 3.177(,a).24 G .677(nd replaced with an alphabeti-)-3.177 F .562 -(cally sorted list of \214lenames matching the pattern \(see)108 494.4 R -F1 -.09(Pa)3.062 G(tter).09 E 2.812(nM)-.135 G(atching)-2.812 E F0(belo) +(cally sorted list of \214lenames matching the pattern \(see)108 576 R +F3 -.09(Pa)3.062 G(tter).09 E 2.812(nM)-.135 G(atching)-2.812 E F0(belo) 2.812 E 3.062(w\). If)-.25 F .562(no matching \214lenames)3.062 F .009 -(are found, and the shell option)108 506.4 R F4(nullglob)2.509 E F0 .008 +(are found, and the shell option)108 588 R F1(nullglob)2.509 E F0 .008 (is not enabled, the w)2.509 F .008(ord is left unchanged.)-.1 F .008 -(If the)5.008 F F4(nullglob)2.508 E F0 .008(option is)2.508 F .442 -(set, and no matches are found, the w)108 518.4 R .442(ord is remo)-.1 F --.15(ve)-.15 G 2.942(d. If).15 F(the)2.943 E F4(failglob)2.943 E F0 .443 +(If the)5.008 F F1(nullglob)2.508 E F0 .008(option is)2.508 F .442 +(set, and no matches are found, the w)108 600 R .442(ord is remo)-.1 F +-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.942(d. If).15 F(the)2.943 E F1(failglob)2.943 E F0 .443 (shell option is set, and no matches are)2.943 F 1.38 -(found, an error message is printed and the command is not e)108 530.4 R --.15(xe)-.15 G 3.88(cuted. If).15 F 1.38(the shell option)3.88 F F4 +(found, an error message is printed and the command is not e)108 612 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G 3.88(cuted. If).15 F 1.38(the shell option)3.88 F F1 (nocaseglob)3.88 E F0(is)3.88 E .103 -(enabled, the match is performed without re)108 542.4 R -.05(ga)-.15 G +(enabled, the match is performed without re)108 624 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .104(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 F .104 -(When a pattern is used)5.104 F .378(for pathname e)108 554.4 R .378 -(xpansion, the character)-.15 F F4 -.63(``)2.878 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 +(When a pattern is used)5.104 F .378(for pathname e)108 636 R .378 +(xpansion, the character)-.15 F F1 -.63(``)2.878 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 .378(at the start of a name or immediately follo)5.378 F .377 -(wing a slash must be)-.25 F .578(matched e)108 566.4 R(xplicitly)-.15 E -3.078(,u)-.65 G .578(nless the shell option)-3.078 F F4(dotglob)3.079 E +(wing a slash must be)-.25 F .578(matched e)108 648 R(xplicitly)-.15 E +3.078(,u)-.65 G .578(nless the shell option)-3.078 F F1(dotglob)3.079 E F0 .579(is set.)3.079 F .579 (When matching a pathname, the slash character)5.579 F 1.789(must al)108 -578.4 R -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.788(ys be matched e).1 F(xplicitly)-.15 E 6.788 -(.I)-.65 G 4.288(no)-6.788 G 1.788(ther cases, the)-4.288 F F4 -.63(``) -4.288 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 1.788 -(character is not treated specially)6.788 F 6.788(.S)-.65 G 1.788 -(ee the)-6.788 F .165(description of)108 590.4 R F4(shopt)2.665 E F0 -(belo)2.665 E 2.665(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.665 E F1 .165(SHELL B)2.665 F(UIL) --.09 E .165(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .166(for a description of the)2.415 -F F4(nocaseglob)2.666 E F0(,)A F4(null-)2.666 E(glob)108 602.4 Q F0(,)A -F4(failglob)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F4(dotglob)2.5 E F0 -(shell options.)2.5 E(The)108 619.2 Q F1(GLOBIGNORE)2.786 E F0 .286 -(shell v)2.536 F .285 +660 R -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.788(ys be matched e).1 F(xplicitly)-.15 E 6.788(.I) +-.65 G 4.288(no)-6.788 G 1.788(ther cases, the)-4.288 F F1 -.63(``)4.288 +G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 1.788(character is not treated specially) +6.788 F 6.788(.S)-.65 G 1.788(ee the)-6.788 F .165(description of)108 +672 R F1(shopt)2.665 E F0(belo)2.665 E 2.665(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.665 E F3 +.165(SHELL B)2.665 F(UIL)-.09 E .165(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .166 +(for a description of the)2.415 F F1(nocaseglob)2.666 E F0(,)A F1(null-) +2.666 E(glob)108 684 Q F0(,)A F1(failglob)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1 +(dotglob)2.5 E F0(shell options.)2.5 E(The)108 700.8 Q F3(GLOBIGNORE) +2.786 E F0 .286(shell v)2.536 F .285 (ariable may be used to restrict the set of \214lenames matching a)-.25 -F F3(pattern)2.785 E F0 5.285(.I).24 G(f)-5.285 E F1(GLO-)2.785 E -(BIGNORE)108 631.2 Q F0 2.316(is set, each matching \214lename that als\ -o matches one of the patterns in)4.565 F F1(GLOBIGNORE)4.816 E F0(is) -4.566 E(remo)108 643.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.915(df).15 G 1.415 -(rom the list of matches.)-3.915 F 1.415(If the)6.415 F F4(nocaseglob) +F F2(pattern)2.785 E F0 5.285(.I).24 G(f)-5.285 E F3(GLO-)2.785 E +(BIGNORE)108 712.8 Q F0 2.316(is set, each matching \214lename that als\ +o matches one of the patterns in)4.565 F F3(GLOBIGNORE)4.816 E F0(is) +4.566 E(remo)108 724.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.915(df).15 G 1.415 +(rom the list of matches.)-3.915 F 1.415(If the)6.415 F F1(nocaseglob) 3.915 E F0 1.415(option is set, the matching ag)3.915 F 1.414 -(ainst the patterns in)-.05 F F1(GLOBIGNORE)108 655.2 Q F0 .146 -(is performed without re)2.396 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .146(rd to case.).05 F -.146(The \214lenames)5.146 F F4 -.63(``)2.646 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E -F0(and)5.147 E F4 -.63(``)2.647 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 .147 -(are al)5.777 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .147(ys ignored when).1 F F1(GLOBIGNORE)108 -667.2 Q F0 .827(is set and not null.)3.077 F(Ho)5.827 E(we)-.25 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 1.627 -.4(r, s).15 H(etting).4 E F1(GLOBIGNORE)3.327 E F0 -.827(to a non-null v)3.077 F .827(alue has the ef)-.25 F .827(fect of) --.25 F .682(enabling the)108 679.2 R F4(dotglob)3.182 E F0 .682 -(shell option, so all other \214lenames be)3.182 F .682(ginning with a) --.15 F F4 -.63(``)3.182 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 .682(will match.) -5.682 F 2.283 -.8(To g)5.683 H .683(et the old).8 F(beha)108 691.2 Q -1.185(vior of ignoring \214lenames be)-.2 F 1.185(ginning with a)-.15 F -F4 -.63(``)3.684 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 3.684(,m)C(ak)-3.684 E(e) --.1 E F4 -.63(``)3.684 G(.*').63 E(')-.63 E F0 1.184 -(one of the patterns in)6.184 F F1(GLOBIGNORE)3.684 E F2(.)A F0(The)108 -703.2 Q F4(dotglob)2.5 E F0(option is disabled when)2.5 E F1(GLOBIGNORE) -2.5 E F0(is unset.)2.25 E F4 -.1(Pa)108 720 S(tter).1 E 2.5(nM)-.15 G -(atching)-2.5 E F0(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(24) -198.445 E 0 Cg EP +(ainst the patterns in)-.05 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 +E(24)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 25 25 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(An)108 84 Q 3.138 -(yc)-.15 G .638(haracter that appears in a pattern, other than the spec\ -ial pattern characters described belo)-3.138 F 1.938 -.65(w, m)-.25 H -(atches).65 E 3.62(itself. The)108 96 R 1.12 -(NUL character may not occur in a pattern.)3.62 F 3.62(Ab)6.12 G 1.12 -(ackslash escapes the follo)-3.62 F 1.12(wing character; the)-.25 F .576 -(escaping backslash is discarded when matching.)108 108 R .576 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 +SF(GLOBIGNORE)108 84 Q F0 .146(is performed without re)2.396 F -.05(ga) +-.15 G .146(rd to case.).05 F .146(The \214lenames)5.146 F/F2 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF -.63(``)2.646 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)5.147 E +F2 -.63(``)2.647 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 .147(are al)5.777 F -.1 +(wa)-.1 G .147(ys ignored when).1 F F1(GLOBIGNORE)108 96 Q F0 .827 +(is set and not null.)3.077 F(Ho)5.827 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.627 +-.4(r, s).15 H(etting).4 E F1(GLOBIGNORE)3.327 E F0 .827 +(to a non-null v)3.077 F .827(alue has the ef)-.25 F .827(fect of)-.25 F +.682(enabling the)108 108 R F2(dotglob)3.182 E F0 .682 +(shell option, so all other \214lenames be)3.182 F .682(ginning with a) +-.15 F F2 -.63(``)3.182 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 .682(will match.) +5.682 F 2.283 -.8(To g)5.683 H .683(et the old).8 F(beha)108 120 Q 1.185 +(vior of ignoring \214lenames be)-.2 F 1.185(ginning with a)-.15 F F2 +-.63(``)3.684 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 3.684(,m)C(ak)-3.684 E(e)-.1 E +F2 -.63(``)3.684 G(.*').63 E(')-.63 E F0 1.184(one of the patterns in) +6.184 F F1(GLOBIGNORE)3.684 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(The)108 132 Q +F2(dotglob)2.5 E F0(option is disabled when)2.5 E F1(GLOBIGNORE)2.5 E F0 +(is unset.)2.25 E F2 -.1(Pa)108 148.8 S(tter).1 E 2.5(nM)-.15 G(atching) +-2.5 E F0(An)108 165.6 Q 3.138(yc)-.15 G .638(haracter that appears in \ +a pattern, other than the special pattern characters described belo) +-3.138 F 1.938 -.65(w, m)-.25 H(atches).65 E 3.62(itself. The)108 177.6 +R 1.12(NUL character may not occur in a pattern.)3.62 F 3.62(Ab)6.12 G +1.12(ackslash escapes the follo)-3.62 F 1.12(wing character; the)-.25 F +.576(escaping backslash is discarded when matching.)108 189.6 R .576 (The special pattern characters must be quoted if the)5.576 F 3.076(ya) --.15 G(re)-3.076 E(to be matched literally)108 120 Q(.)-.65 E -(The special pattern characters ha)108 136.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H -(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(*)144 153.6 -Q F0 .377(Matches an)180 153.6 R 2.877(ys)-.15 G .376 -(tring, including the null string.)-2.877 F .376(When the)5.376 F F1 -(globstar)2.876 E F0 .376(shell option is enabled,)2.876 F(and)180 165.6 -Q F1(*)3.275 E F0 .775(is used in a pathname e)3.275 F .775 +-.15 G(re)-3.076 E(to be matched literally)108 201.6 Q(.)-.65 E +(The special pattern characters ha)108 218.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H +(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2(*)144 235.2 Q F0 .377 +(Matches an)180 235.2 R 2.877(ys)-.15 G .376 +(tring, including the null string.)-2.877 F .376(When the)5.376 F F2 +(globstar)2.876 E F0 .376(shell option is enabled,)2.876 F(and)180 247.2 +Q F2(*)3.275 E F0 .775(is used in a pathname e)3.275 F .775 (xpansion conte)-.15 F .775(xt, tw)-.15 F 3.275(oa)-.1 G(djacent)-3.275 -E F1(*)3.275 E F0 3.275(su)C .775(sed as a single pattern)-3.275 F 1.058 +E F2(*)3.275 E F0 3.275(su)C .775(sed as a single pattern)-3.275 F 1.058 (will match all \214les and zero or more directories and subdirectories\ -.)180 177.6 R 1.058(If follo)6.058 F 1.058(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)3.558 E -F0(,)A(tw)180 189.6 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G(djacent)-2.5 E F1(*)2.5 E F0 2.5(sw)C -(ill match only directories and subdirectories.)-2.5 E F1(?)144 201.6 Q -F0(Matches an)180 201.6 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(ingle character)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E -F1([...])144 213.6 Q F0 .578(Matches an)180 213.6 R 3.078(yo)-.15 G .578 +.)180 259.2 R 1.058(If follo)6.058 F 1.058(wed by a)-.25 F F2(/)3.558 E +F0(,)A(tw)180 271.2 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G(djacent)-2.5 E F2(*)2.5 E F0 2.5(sw)C +(ill match only directories and subdirectories.)-2.5 E F2(?)144 283.2 Q +F0(Matches an)180 283.2 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(ingle character)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E +F2([...])144 295.2 Q F0 .578(Matches an)180 295.2 R 3.078(yo)-.15 G .578 (ne of the enclosed characters.)-3.078 F 3.079(Ap)5.579 G .579 (air of characters separated by a h)-3.079 F(yphen)-.05 E .685 -(denotes a)180 225.6 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ra)3.185 G(ng).15 E +(denotes a)180 307.2 R/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ra)3.185 G(ng).15 E 3.184(ee)-.1 G(xpr)-3.384 E(ession)-.37 E F0 3.184(;a)C .984 -.15(ny c) -3.184 H .684(haracter that f).15 F .684(alls between those tw)-.1 F -3.184(oc)-.1 G .684(haracters, inclu-)-3.184 F(si)180 237.6 Q -.15(ve) +3.184(oc)-.1 G .684(haracters, inclu-)-3.184 F(si)180 319.2 Q -.15(ve) -.25 G 3.712(,u).15 G 1.212(sing the current locale')-3.712 F 3.712(sc) -.55 G 1.212(ollating sequence and character set, is matched.)-3.712 F -1.213(If the)6.213 F 1.124(\214rst character follo)180 249.6 R 1.124 -(wing the)-.25 F F1([)3.624 E F0 1.124(is a)3.624 F F1(!)3.624 E F0 -1.124(or a)6.124 F F1(^)3.623 E F0 1.123(then an)3.623 F 3.623(yc)-.15 G +1.213(If the)6.213 F 1.124(\214rst character follo)180 331.2 R 1.124 +(wing the)-.25 F F2([)3.624 E F0 1.124(is a)3.624 F F2(!)3.624 E F0 +1.124(or a)6.124 F F2(^)3.623 E F0 1.123(then an)3.623 F 3.623(yc)-.15 G 1.123(haracter not enclosed is matched.)-3.623 F .894 -(The sorting order of characters in range e)180 261.6 R .895 +(The sorting order of characters in range e)180 343.2 R .895 (xpressions is determined by the current locale)-.15 F .376(and the v) -180 273.6 R .376(alues of the)-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(LC_COLLA)2.875 -E(TE)-.855 E F0(or)2.625 E F3(LC_ALL)2.875 E F0 .375(shell v)2.625 F -.375(ariables, if set.)-.25 F 1.975 -.8(To o)5.375 H .375 -(btain the tra-).8 F .067(ditional interpretation of range e)180 285.6 R -.067(xpressions, where)-.15 F F1([a\255d])2.567 E F0 .068(is equi)2.568 -F -.25(va)-.25 G .068(lent to).25 F F1([abcd])2.568 E F0 2.568(,s)C .068 -(et v)-2.568 F(alue)-.25 E .157(of the)180 297.6 R F1(LC_ALL)2.657 E F0 -.157(shell v)2.657 F .157(ariable to)-.25 F F1(C)2.657 E F0 2.657(,o)C -2.657(re)-2.657 G .157(nable the)-2.657 F F1(globasciiranges)2.657 E F0 -.156(shell option.)2.656 F(A)5.156 E F12.656 E F0(may)2.656 E .193(\ +180 355.2 R .376(alues of the)-.25 F F1(LC_COLLA)2.875 E(TE)-.855 E F0 +(or)2.625 E F1(LC_ALL)2.875 E F0 .375(shell v)2.625 F .375 +(ariables, if set.)-.25 F 1.975 -.8(To o)5.375 H .375(btain the tra-).8 +F .067(ditional interpretation of range e)180 367.2 R .067 +(xpressions, where)-.15 F F2([a\255d])2.567 E F0 .068(is equi)2.568 F +-.25(va)-.25 G .068(lent to).25 F F2([abcd])2.568 E F0 2.568(,s)C .068 +(et v)-2.568 F(alue)-.25 E .157(of the)180 379.2 R F2(LC_ALL)2.657 E F0 +.157(shell v)2.657 F .157(ariable to)-.25 F F2(C)2.657 E F0 2.657(,o)C +2.657(re)-2.657 G .157(nable the)-2.657 F F2(globasciiranges)2.657 E F0 +.156(shell option.)2.656 F(A)5.156 E F22.656 E F0(may)2.656 E .193(\ be matched by including it as the \214rst or last character in the set.) -180 309.6 R(A)5.193 E F1(])2.693 E F0 .194(may be matched by)2.693 F -(including it as the \214rst character in the set.)180 321.6 Q -.4(Wi) -180 339.6 S(thin).4 E F1([)3.071 E F0(and)3.071 E F1(])3.071 E F0(,)A F2 +180 391.2 R(A)5.193 E F2(])2.693 E F0 .194(may be matched by)2.693 F +(including it as the \214rst character in the set.)180 403.2 Q -.4(Wi) +180 421.2 S(thin).4 E F2([)3.071 E F0(and)3.071 E F2(])3.071 E F0(,)A F4 -.15(ch)3.071 G(ar).15 E .571(acter classes)-.15 F F0 .571 -(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)3.071 F F1([:)3.07 E F2(class)A F1 -(:])A F0 3.07(,w)C(here)-3.07 E F2(class)3.07 E F0(is one of the follo) -180 351.6 Q(wing classes de\214ned in the POSIX standard:)-.25 E F1 -8.173(alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lo)180 363.6 R 8.173 -(wer print punct space)-.1 F 5(upper w)180 375.6 R 5(ord xdigit)-.1 F F0 -4.29(Ac)180 387.6 S 1.789(haracter class matches an)-4.29 F 4.289(yc) --.15 G 1.789(haracter belonging to that class.)-4.289 F(The)6.789 E F1 +(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)3.071 F F2([:)3.07 E F4(class)A F2 +(:])A F0 3.07(,w)C(here)-3.07 E F4(class)3.07 E F0(is one of the follo) +180 433.2 Q(wing classes de\214ned in the POSIX standard:)-.25 E F2 +8.173(alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lo)180 445.2 R 8.173 +(wer print punct space)-.1 F 5(upper w)180 457.2 R 5(ord xdigit)-.1 F F0 +4.29(Ac)180 469.2 S 1.789(haracter class matches an)-4.29 F 4.289(yc) +-.15 G 1.789(haracter belonging to that class.)-4.289 F(The)6.789 E F2 -.1(wo)4.289 G(rd).1 E F0(character)4.289 E -(class matches letters, digits, and the character _.)180 399.6 Q -.4(Wi) -180 417.6 S(thin).4 E F1([)4.536 E F0(and)4.536 E F1(])4.536 E F0 4.536 -(,a)C(n)-4.536 E F2 2.036(equivalence class)4.536 F F0 2.037 -(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)4.536 F F1([=)4.537 E F2(c)A F1(=]) +(class matches letters, digits, and the character _.)180 481.2 Q -.4(Wi) +180 499.2 S(thin).4 E F2([)4.536 E F0(and)4.536 E F2(])4.536 E F0 4.536 +(,a)C(n)-4.536 E F4 2.036(equivalence class)4.536 F F0 2.037 +(can be speci\214ed using the syntax)4.536 F F2([=)4.537 E F4(c)A F2(=]) A F0 4.537(,w)C(hich)-4.537 E .125(matches all characters with the same\ - collation weight \(as de\214ned by the current locale\) as)180 429.6 R -(the character)180 441.6 Q F2(c)2.5 E F0(.)A -.4(Wi)180 459.6 S(thin).4 -E F1([)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(])2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he syntax)-2.5 E F1([.) -2.5 E F2(symbol)A F1(.])A F0(matches the collating symbol)2.5 E F2 -(symbol)2.5 E F0(.)A .704(If the)108 476.4 R F1(extglob)3.204 E F0 .705 -(shell option is enabled using the)3.204 F F1(shopt)3.205 E F0 -.2(bu) + collation weight \(as de\214ned by the current locale\) as)180 511.2 R +(the character)180 523.2 Q F4(c)2.5 E F0(.)A -.4(Wi)180 541.2 S(thin).4 +E F2([)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F2(])2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he syntax)-2.5 E F2([.) +2.5 E F4(symbol)A F2(.])A F0(matches the collating symbol)2.5 E F4 +(symbol)2.5 E F0(.)A .704(If the)108 558 R F2(extglob)3.204 E F0 .705 +(shell option is enabled using the)3.204 F F2(shopt)3.205 E F0 -.2(bu) 3.205 G .705(iltin, se).2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .705(ral e).15 F .705 -(xtended pattern matching operators)-.15 F .256(are recognized.)108 -488.4 R .256(In the follo)5.256 F .256(wing description, a)-.25 F F2 +(xtended pattern matching operators)-.15 F .256(are recognized.)108 570 +R .256(In the follo)5.256 F .256(wing description, a)-.25 F F4 (pattern-list)2.755 E F0 .255 -(is a list of one or more patterns separated by a)2.755 F F1(|)2.755 E +(is a list of one or more patterns separated by a)2.755 F F2(|)2.755 E F0(.)A(Composite patterns may be formed using one or more of the follo) -108 500.4 Q(wing sub-patterns:)-.25 E F1(?\()144 524.4 Q F2 -(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E F0 -(Matches zero or one occurrence of the gi)180 536.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 -(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(*\()144 548.4 Q F2(pattern-list).833 E F1 -(\)).833 E F0(Matches zero or more occurrences of the gi)180 560.4 Q --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(+\()144 572.4 Q F2 -(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)).833 E F0 -(Matches one or more occurrences of the gi)180 584.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(@\()144 596.4 Q F2(pattern-list).833 E F1 -(\)).833 E F0(Matches one of the gi)180 608.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np) -.15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(!\()144 620.4 Q F2(pattern-list).833 E F1(\)) -.833 E F0(Matches an)180 632.4 Q(ything e)-.15 E(xcept one of the gi) --.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F1(Quote Remo)87 649.2 -Q -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F0 1.112(After the preceding e)108 661.2 R 1.112 -(xpansions, all unquoted occurrences of the characters)-.15 F F1(\\) -3.613 E F0(,)A F1<08>3.613 E F0 3.613(,a)C(nd)-3.613 E F1(")4.446 E F0 -1.113(that did not result)4.446 F(from one of the abo)108 673.2 Q .3 --.15(ve ex)-.15 H(pansions are remo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E/F4 -10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(REDIRECTION)72 690 Q F0 .545 -(Before a command is e)108 702 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .545 -(cuted, its input and output may be).15 F F2 -.37(re)3.045 G(dir).37 E -(ected)-.37 E F0 .545(using a special notation interpreted)3.815 F .405 -(by the shell.)108 714 R .405(Redirection allo)5.405 F .405(ws commands\ -' \214le handles to be duplicated, opened, closed, made to refer to)-.25 -F(dif)108 726 Q 1.02(ferent \214les, and can change the \214les the com\ -mand reads from and writes to.)-.25 F 1.019(Redirection may also be) -6.019 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(25)198.445 E 0 Cg -EP +108 582 Q(wing sub-patterns:)-.25 E F2(?\()144 606 Q F4(pattern-list) +.833 E F2(\)).833 E F0(Matches zero or one occurrence of the gi)180 618 +Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F2(*\()144 630 Q F4 +(pattern-list).833 E F2(\)).833 E F0 +(Matches zero or more occurrences of the gi)180 642 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 +(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F2(+\()144 654 Q F4(pattern-list).833 E F2(\)) +.833 E F0(Matches one or more occurrences of the gi)180 666 Q -.15(ve) +-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F2(@\()144 678 Q F4(pattern-list).833 +E F2(\)).833 E F0(Matches one of the gi)180 690 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np) +.15 G(atterns)-2.5 E F2(!\()144 702 Q F4(pattern-list).833 E F2(\)).833 +E F0(Matches an)180 714 Q(ything e)-.15 E(xcept one of the gi)-.15 E +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(np).15 G(atterns)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q +(2015 June 5)150.675 E(25)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 26 26 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .215 -(used to modify \214le handles in the current shell e)108 84 R -.15(xe) --.15 G .215(cution en).15 F 2.715(vironment. The)-.4 F(follo)2.715 E +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(Quote Remo)87 84 Q -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F0 1.112 +(After the preceding e)108 96 R 1.112 +(xpansions, all unquoted occurrences of the characters)-.15 F F1(\\) +3.613 E F0(,)A F1<08>3.613 E F0 3.613(,a)C(nd)-3.613 E F1(")4.446 E F0 +1.113(that did not result)4.446 F(from one of the abo)108 108 Q .3 -.15 +(ve ex)-.15 H(pansions are remo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E/F2 10.95 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(REDIRECTION)72 124.8 Q F0 .545(Before a command is e) +108 136.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .545(cuted, its input and output may be).15 F +/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re)3.045 G(dir).37 E(ected)-.37 E F0 .545 +(using a special notation interpreted)3.815 F .405(by the shell.)108 +148.8 R .405(Redirection allo)5.405 F .405(ws commands' \214le handles \ +to be duplicated, opened, closed, made to refer to)-.25 F(dif)108 160.8 +Q 1.02(ferent \214les, and can change the \214les the command reads fro\ +m and writes to.)-.25 F 1.019(Redirection may also be)6.019 F .215 +(used to modify \214le handles in the current shell e)108 172.8 R -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .215(cution en).15 F 2.715(vironment. The)-.4 F(follo)2.715 E .215(wing redirection operators)-.25 F .876(may precede or appear an)108 -96 R .876(ywhere within a)-.15 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .875 -(simple command)3.715 F F0 .875(or may follo)4.145 F 3.375(wa)-.25 G F1 -(command)A F0 5.875(.R).77 G .875(edirections are)-5.875 F -(processed in the order the)108 108 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(ppear)-2.5 E 2.5(,f) --.4 G(rom left to right.)-2.5 E .771(Each redirection that may be prece\ -ded by a \214le descriptor number may instead be preceded by a w)108 -124.8 R .772(ord of)-.1 F .293(the form {)108 136.8 R F1(varname)A F0 -2.793(}. In)B .293(this case, for each redirection operator e)2.793 F -.293(xcept >&- and <&-, the shell will allocate)-.15 F 3.179<618c>108 -148.8 S .679(le descriptor greater than or equal to 10 and assign it to) --3.179 F F1(varname)3.179 E F0 5.679(.I)C 3.179(f>)-5.679 G .679 -(&- or <&- is preceded by {)-3.179 F F1(var)A(-)-.2 E(name)108 160.8 Q -F0(}, the v)A(alue of)-.25 E F1(varname)2.5 E F0 +184.8 R .876(ywhere within a)-.15 F F3 .875(simple command)3.715 F F0 +.875(or may follo)4.145 F 3.375(wa)-.25 G F3(command)A F0 5.875(.R).77 G +.875(edirections are)-5.875 F(processed in the order the)108 196.8 Q 2.5 +(ya)-.15 G(ppear)-2.5 E 2.5(,f)-.4 G(rom left to right.)-2.5 E .771(Eac\ +h redirection that may be preceded by a \214le descriptor number may in\ +stead be preceded by a w)108 213.6 R .772(ord of)-.1 F .293(the form {) +108 225.6 R F3(varname)A F0 2.793(}. In)B .293 +(this case, for each redirection operator e)2.793 F .293 +(xcept >&- and <&-, the shell will allocate)-.15 F 3.179<618c>108 237.6 +S .679(le descriptor greater than or equal to 10 and assign it to)-3.179 +F F3(varname)3.179 E F0 5.679(.I)C 3.179(f>)-5.679 G .679 +(&- or <&- is preceded by {)-3.179 F F3(var)A(-)-.2 E(name)108 249.6 Q +F0(}, the v)A(alue of)-.25 E F3(varname)2.5 E F0 (de\214nes the \214le descriptor to close.)2.5 E .284(In the follo)108 -177.6 R .283(wing descriptions, if the \214le descriptor number is omit\ +266.4 R .283(wing descriptions, if the \214le descriptor number is omit\ ted, and the \214rst character of the redirect-)-.25 F .512 -(ion operator is)108 189.6 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(<)3.012 E F0 3.012 -(,t)C .512 +(ion operator is)108 278.4 R F1(<)3.012 E F0 3.012(,t)C .512 (he redirection refers to the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\).) -3.012 F .512(If the \214rst character of the)5.512 F -(redirection operator is)108 201.6 Q F2(>)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C +(redirection operator is)108 290.4 Q F1(>)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C (he redirection refers to the standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\).) --2.5 E .825(The w)108 218.4 R .825(ord follo)-.1 F .824 +-2.5 E .825(The w)108 307.2 R .825(ord follo)-.1 F .824 (wing the redirection operator in the follo)-.25 F .824 (wing descriptions, unless otherwise noted, is sub-)-.25 F .462 -(jected to brace e)108 230.4 R .462(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .463 +(jected to brace e)108 319.2 R .462(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .463 (xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .463(ariable e)-.25 F .463 -(xpansion, command substitution, arith-)-.15 F .867(metic e)108 242.4 R +(xpansion, command substitution, arith-)-.15 F .867(metic e)108 331.2 R .867(xpansion, quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G .867(l, pathname e).25 F .867(xpansion, and w)-.15 F .867(ord splitting.)-.1 F .867(If it e)5.867 -F .866(xpands to more than one)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 254.4 S(rd,).1 E F2 +F .866(xpands to more than one)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 343.2 S(rd,).1 E F1 (bash)2.5 E F0(reports an error)2.5 E(.)-.55 E -(Note that the order of redirections is signi\214cant.)108 271.2 Q -.15 -(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the command)-2.65 E(ls)144 288 Q F2(>)2.5 E -F0(dirlist 2)2.5 E F2(>&)A F0(1)A -(directs both standard output and standard error to the \214le)108 304.8 -Q F1(dirlist)2.5 E F0 2.5(,w).68 G(hile the command)-2.5 E(ls 2)144 -321.6 Q F2(>&)A F0(1)A F2(>)2.5 E F0(dirlist)2.5 E .527 -(directs only the standard output to \214le)108 338.4 R F1(dirlist)3.027 +(Note that the order of redirections is signi\214cant.)108 360 Q -.15 +(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the command)-2.65 E(ls)144 376.8 Q F1(>)2.5 +E F0(dirlist 2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A +(directs both standard output and standard error to the \214le)108 393.6 +Q F3(dirlist)2.5 E F0 2.5(,w).68 G(hile the command)-2.5 E(ls 2)144 +410.4 Q F1(>&)A F0(1)A F1(>)2.5 E F0(dirlist)2.5 E .527 +(directs only the standard output to \214le)108 427.2 R F3(dirlist)3.027 E F0 3.027(,b).68 G .527(ecause the standard error w)-3.027 F .527 (as duplicated from the standard)-.1 F -(output before the standard output w)108 350.4 Q(as redirected to)-.1 E -F1(dirlist)2.5 E F0(.).68 E F2(Bash)108 367.2 Q F0 .599(handles se)3.099 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G .599(ral \214lenames specially when the).15 F 3.099(ya) +(output before the standard output w)108 439.2 Q(as redirected to)-.1 E +F3(dirlist)2.5 E F0(.).68 E F1(Bash)108 456 Q F0 .599(handles se)3.099 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G .599(ral \214lenames specially when the).15 F 3.099(ya) -.15 G .598(re used in redirections, as described in the follo)-3.099 F -(wing)-.25 E(table:)108 379.2 Q F2(/de)144 396 Q(v/fd/)-.15 E F1(fd)A F0 -(If)180 408 Q F1(fd)2.5 E F0(is a v)2.5 E(alid inte)-.25 E(ger)-.15 E -2.5<2c8c>-.4 G(le descriptor)-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0(is duplicated.)2.5 E -F2(/de)144 420 Q(v/stdin)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 0 is duplicated.)180 -432 Q F2(/de)144 444 Q(v/stdout)-.15 E F0 -(File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 456 Q F2(/de)144 468 Q(v/stderr) --.15 E F0(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180 480 Q F2(/de)144 492 Q -(v/tcp/)-.15 E F1(host)A F2(/)A F1(port)A F0(If)180 504 Q F1(host)2.996 -E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496(alid hostname or Internet address, and) --.25 F F1(port)2.997 E F0 .497(is an inte)2.997 F .497 -(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E(vice name,)180 516 Q F2(bash)2.5 -E F0(attempts to open the corresponding TCP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E F2(/de) -144 528 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E F1(host)A F2(/)A F1(port)A F0(If)180 540 Q F1 +(wing)-.25 E(table:)108 468 Q F1(/de)144 484.8 Q(v/fd/)-.15 E F3(fd)A F0 +(If)180 496.8 Q F3(fd)2.5 E F0(is a v)2.5 E(alid inte)-.25 E(ger)-.15 E +2.5<2c8c>-.4 G(le descriptor)-2.5 E F3(fd)2.5 E F0(is duplicated.)2.5 E +F1(/de)144 508.8 Q(v/stdin)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 0 is duplicated.) +180 520.8 Q F1(/de)144 532.8 Q(v/stdout)-.15 E F0 +(File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 544.8 Q F1(/de)144 556.8 Q +(v/stderr)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180 568.8 Q F1(/de) +144 580.8 Q(v/tcp/)-.15 E F3(host)A F1(/)A F3(port)A F0(If)180 592.8 Q +F3(host)2.996 E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496 +(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F3(port)2.997 E F0 .497 +(is an inte)2.997 F .497(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E +(vice name,)180 604.8 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 +(attempts to open the corresponding TCP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E F1(/de)144 +616.8 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E F3(host)A F1(/)A F3(port)A F0(If)180 628.8 Q F3 (host)2.997 E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497 -(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F1(port)2.996 E F0 .496 +(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F3(port)2.996 E F0 .496 (is an inte)2.996 F .496(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E -(vice name,)180 552 Q F2(bash)2.5 E F0 +(vice name,)180 640.8 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 (attempts to open the corresponding UDP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E 2.5(Af)108 -568.8 S(ailure to open or create a \214le causes the redirection to f) +657.6 S(ailure to open or create a \214le causes the redirection to f) -2.6 E(ail.)-.1 E .946(Redirections using \214le descriptors greater th\ -an 9 should be used with care, as the)108 585.6 R 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947 +an 9 should be used with care, as the)108 674.4 R 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947 (ay con\215ict with \214le)-3.447 F -(descriptors the shell uses internally)108 597.6 Q(.)-.65 E F2(Redir)87 -614.4 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391 +(descriptors the shell uses internally)108 686.4 Q(.)-.65 E F1(Redir)87 +703.2 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391 (Redirection of input causes the \214le whose name results from the e) -108 626.4 R .391(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.231 E(d)-.37 E F0 .391 -(to be opened for read-)3.661 F(ing on \214le descriptor)108 638.4 Q F1 +108 715.2 R .391(xpansion of)-.15 F F3(wor)3.231 E(d)-.37 E F0 .391 +(to be opened for read-)3.661 F(ing on \214le descriptor)108 727.2 Q F3 (n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(rt)-2.5 G -(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-2.5 E F1(n)2.86 E F0 -(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E -(The general format for redirecting input is:)108 655.2 Q([)144 672 Q F1 -(n)A F0(])A F2(<)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F2(Redir)87 688.8 Q(ecting Output) --.18 E F0 .174 -(Redirection of output causes the \214le whose name results from the e) -108 700.8 R .175(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.015 E(d)-.37 E F0 .175 -(to be opened for writ-)3.445 F .825(ing on \214le descriptor)108 712.8 -R F1(n)3.325 E F0 3.325(,o).24 G 3.325(rt)-3.325 G .824 -(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-3.325 F F1(n)3.684 E F0 -.824(is not speci\214ed.)3.564 F .824(If the \214le does not)5.824 F --.15(ex)108 724.8 S(ist it is created; if it does e).15 E -(xist it is truncated to zero size.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q -(2015 April 6)149.285 E(26)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-2.5 E F3(n)2.86 E F0 +(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E +(26)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 27 27 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 84 Q([)144 100.8 Q/F1 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(>)A F1(wor)A(d) --.37 E F0 .154(If the redirection operator is)108 117.6 R F2(>)2.654 E -F0 2.654(,a)C .154(nd the)-2.654 F F2(noclob)2.654 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154 -(option to the)2.654 F F2(set)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .155 -(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .658(will f)108 129.6 R -.658(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .658 -(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .657 -(ists and is a re).15 F .657(gular \214le.)-.15 F .657(If the redi-) -5.657 F .408(rection operator is)108 141.6 R F2(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C -2.909(rt)-2.909 G .409(he redirection operator is)-2.909 F F2(>)2.909 E -F0 .409(and the)2.909 F F2(noclob)2.909 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .409 -(option to the)2.909 F F2(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.909 G .409 -(iltin command).2 F(is not enabled, the redirection is attempted e)108 -153.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by) --2.5 E F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F2 -.25(Ap)87 -170.4 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .642 -(Redirection of output in this f)108 182.4 R .642 -(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .641 +(The general format for redirecting input is:)108 84 Q([)144 100.8 Q/F1 +10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(<)A F1(wor)A(d) +-.37 E F2(Redir)87 117.6 Q(ecting Output)-.18 E F0 .174 +(Redirection of output causes the \214le whose name results from the e) +108 129.6 R .175(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.015 E(d)-.37 E F0 .175 +(to be opened for writ-)3.445 F .825(ing on \214le descriptor)108 141.6 +R F1(n)3.325 E F0 3.325(,o).24 G 3.325(rt)-3.325 G .824 +(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-3.325 F F1(n)3.684 E F0 +.824(is not speci\214ed.)3.564 F .824(If the \214le does not)5.824 F +-.15(ex)108 153.6 S(ist it is created; if it does e).15 E +(xist it is truncated to zero size.)-.15 E +(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 170.4 Q([)144 187.2 Q +F1(n)A F0(])A F2(>)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .154 +(If the redirection operator is)108 204 R F2(>)2.654 E F0 2.654(,a)C +.154(nd the)-2.654 F F2(noclob)2.654 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the) +2.654 F F2(set)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .155 +(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .658(will f)108 216 R .658 +(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .658(xpansion of) +-.15 F F1(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .657(ists and is a re) +.15 F .657(gular \214le.)-.15 F .657(If the redi-)5.657 F .408 +(rection operator is)108 228 R F2(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C 2.909(rt) +-2.909 G .409(he redirection operator is)-2.909 F F2(>)2.909 E F0 .409 +(and the)2.909 F F2(noclob)2.909 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .409(option to the)2.909 +F F2(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.909 G .409(iltin command).2 F +(is not enabled, the redirection is attempted e)108 240 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by)-2.5 E F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 +E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F2 -.25(Ap)87 256.8 S(pending Redir).25 E +(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .642(Redirection of output in this f)108 268.8 R +.642(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .641 (xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)3.481 E(d)-.37 E F0 .641(to be)3.911 F .473 -(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 194.4 R F1(n)2.973 E F0 +(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 280.8 R F1(n)2.973 E F0 2.974(,o).24 G 2.974(rt)-2.974 G .474 (he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.974 F F1(n)3.334 E F0 .474(is not speci\214ed.)3.214 F(If)5.474 E(the \214le does not e)108 -206.4 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E -(The general format for appending output is:)108 223.2 Q([)144 240 Q F1 -(n)A F0(])A F2(>>)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F2(Redir)87 256.8 Q +292.8 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E +(The general format for appending output is:)108 309.6 Q([)144 326.4 Q +F1(n)A F0(])A F2(>>)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F2(Redir)87 343.2 Q (ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E F0 .249 -(This construct allo)108 268.8 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\ +(This construct allo)108 355.2 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\ \214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-) -.25 F(tor 2\) to be redirected to the \214le whose name is the e)108 -280.8 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E -(There are tw)108 297.6 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G +367.2 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E +(There are tw)108 384 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G (ormats for redirecting standard output and standard error:)-2.5 E F2 -(&>)144 314.4 Q F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(and)108 326.4 Q F2(>&)144 338.4 Q -F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 355.2 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G +(&>)144 400.8 Q F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(and)108 412.8 Q F2(>&)144 424.8 Q +F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 441.6 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G (orms, the \214rst is preferred.)-2.5 E(This is semantically equi)5 E --.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F2(>)144 372 Q F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E -F2(>&)A F0(1)A .114(When using the second form,)108 388.8 R F1(wor)2.614 -E(d)-.37 E F0 .114(may not e)2.614 F .114(xpand to a number or)-.15 F F2 -2.614 E F0 5.114(.I)C 2.614(fi)-5.114 G 2.615(td)-2.614 G .115 -(oes, other redirection operators)-2.615 F(apply \(see)108 400.8 Q F2 -(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E -(w\) for compatibility reasons.)-.25 E F2 -.25(Ap)87 417.6 S +-.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F2(>)144 458.4 Q F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 +E F2(>&)A F0(1)A .114(When using the second form,)108 475.2 R F1(wor) +2.614 E(d)-.37 E F0 .114(may not e)2.614 F .114(xpand to a number or) +-.15 F F22.614 E F0 5.114(.I)C 2.614(fi)-5.114 G 2.615(td)-2.614 G +.115(oes, other redirection operators)-2.615 F(apply \(see)108 487.2 Q +F2(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E +(w\) for compatibility reasons.)-.25 E F2 -.25(Ap)87 504 S (pending Standard Output and Standard Err).25 E(or)-.18 E F0 .249 -(This construct allo)108 429.6 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\ -\214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-) --.25 F(tor 2\) to be appended to the \214le whose name is the e)108 -441.6 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E +(This construct allo)108 516 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\214l\ +e descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-)-.25 F +(tor 2\) to be appended to the \214le whose name is the e)108 528 Q +(xpansion of)-.15 E F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E (The format for appending standard output and standard error is:)108 -458.4 Q F2(&>>)144 475.2 Q F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 -(This is semantically equi)108 492 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F2(>>) -144 508.8 Q F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E F2(>&)A F0(1)A(\(see)108 525.6 -Q F2(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F2 -(Her)87 542.4 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(This type of redir\ +544.8 Q F2(&>>)144 561.6 Q F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 +(This is semantically equi)108 578.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F2 +(>>)144 595.2 Q F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E F2(>&)A F0(1)A(\(see)108 +612 Q F2(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F2 +(Her)87 628.8 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(This type of redir\ ection instructs the shell to read input from the current source until \ -a line containing only)108 554.4 R F1(delimiter)108.35 566.4 Q F0 .615 +a line containing only)108 640.8 R F1(delimiter)108.35 652.8 Q F0 .615 (\(with no trailing blanks\) is seen.)3.845 F .615 (All of the lines read up to that point are then used as the stan-)5.615 -F(dard input \(or \214le descriptor)108 578.4 Q F1(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E +F(dard input \(or \214le descriptor)108 664.8 Q F1(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E F1(n)2.5 E F0(is speci\214ed\) for a command.)2.5 E -(The format of here-documents is:)108 595.2 Q([)144 612 Q F1(n)A F0(])A -F2(<<)A F0([)A F2A F0(])A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E(her)164 624 Q -(e-document)-.37 E(delimiter)144 636 Q F0 .301(No parameter and v)108 -652.8 R .302(ariable e)-.25 F .302 +(The format of here-documents is:)108 681.6 Q([)144 698.4 Q F1(n)A F0(]) +A F2(<<)A F0([)A F2A F0(])A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E(her)164 710.4 Q +(e-document)-.37 E(delimiter)144 722.4 Q F0(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q +(2015 June 5)150.675 E(27)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 28 28 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .301 +(No parameter and v)108 84 R .302(ariable e)-.25 F .302 (xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F .302 (xpansion, or pathname e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.15 E .226(is performed on)108 -664.8 R F1(wor)2.726 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.226(.I).77 G 2.726(fa)-5.226 G .526 --.15(ny c)-2.726 H .226(haracters in).15 F F1(wor)3.066 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.226(are quoted, the)3.496 F F1(delimiter)3.076 E F0 .225 -(is the result of quote remo)3.456 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.725(lo).25 G(n) --2.725 E F1(wor)108 676.8 Q(d)-.37 E F0 2.714(,a).77 G .214 +96 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)2.726 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.226(.I).77 G +2.726(fa)-5.226 G .526 -.15(ny c)-2.726 H .226(haracters in).15 F F1 +(wor)3.066 E(d)-.37 E F0 .226(are quoted, the)3.496 F F1(delimiter)3.076 +E F0 .225(is the result of quote remo)3.456 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.725(lo) +.25 G(n)-2.725 E F1(wor)108 108 Q(d)-.37 E F0 2.714(,a).77 G .214 (nd the lines in the here-document are not e)-2.714 F 2.714(xpanded. If) -.15 F F1(wor)2.715 E(d)-.37 E F0 .215 (is unquoted, all lines of the here-docu-)2.715 F .499 -(ment are subjected to parameter e)108 688.8 R .499 +(ment are subjected to parameter e)108 120 R .499 (xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F .499 -(xpansion, the character)-.15 F(sequence)108 700.8 Q F2(\\)2.5 -E F0(is ignored, and)2.5 E F2(\\)2.5 E F0 +(xpansion, the character)-.15 F(sequence)108 132 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +(\\)2.5 E F0(is ignored, and)2.5 E F2(\\)2.5 E F0 (must be used to quote the characters)2.5 E F2(\\)2.5 E F0(,)A F2($)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F2<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .601 -(If the redirection operator is)108 717.6 R F2(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101 +(If the redirection operator is)108 148.8 R F2(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101 (,t)C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines\ - and the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 729.6 Q F1(delimiter)2.5 E F0 5 + and the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 160.8 Q F1(delimiter)2.5 E F0 5 (.T).73 G(his allo)-5 E (ws here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a natural f) --.25 E(ashion.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(27) -198.445 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 28 28 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(Her)87 84 Q 2.5(eS)-.18 G(trings)-2.5 E F0 2.5(Av)108 96 S -(ariant of here documents, the format is:)-2.75 E([)144 112.8 Q/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A F1(<<<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(The)108 -129.6 Q F2(wor)2.894 E(d)-.37 E F0(under)2.894 E .394(goes brace e)-.18 -F .393(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .393(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F -.393(ariable e)-.25 F .393(xpansion, command substi-)-.15 F 2.147 -(tution, arithmetic e)108 141.6 R 2.147(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F +-.25 E(ashion.)-.1 E F2(Her)87 177.6 Q 2.5(eS)-.18 G(trings)-2.5 E F0 +2.5(Av)108 189.6 S(ariant of here documents, the format is:)-2.75 E([) +144 206.4 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<<<)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(The)108 223.2 Q +F1(wor)2.894 E(d)-.37 E F0(under)2.894 E .394(goes brace e)-.18 F .393 +(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .393(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .393 +(ariable e)-.25 F .393(xpansion, command substi-)-.15 F 2.147 +(tution, arithmetic e)108 235.2 R 2.147(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 4.648(l. P).25 F 2.148(athname e)-.15 F 2.148 (xpansion and w)-.15 F 2.148(ord splitting are not per)-.1 F(-)-.2 E -2.574(formed. The)108 153.6 R .074(result is supplied as a single strin\ -g to the command on its standard input \(or \214le descriptor)2.574 F F2 -(n)2.574 E F0(if)2.574 E F2(n)108 165.6 Q F0(is speci\214ed\).)2.5 E F1 -(Duplicating File Descriptors)87 182.4 Q F0(The redirection operator)108 -194.4 Q([)144 211.2 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .126 -(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 228 R(If)5.127 E F2 -(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .127 +2.574(formed. The)108 247.2 R .074(result is supplied as a single strin\ +g to the command on its standard input \(or \214le descriptor)2.574 F F1 +(n)2.574 E F0(if)2.574 E F1(n)108 259.2 Q F0(is speci\214ed\).)2.5 E F2 +(Duplicating File Descriptors)87 276 Q F0(The redirection operator)108 +288 Q([)144 304.8 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<&)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .126 +(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 321.6 R(If)5.127 E +F1(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .127 (pands to one or more digits, the \214le descriptor denoted).15 F(by)108 -240 Q F2(n)3.318 E F0 .458(is made to be a cop)3.198 F 2.958(yo)-.1 G +333.6 Q F1(n)3.318 E F0 .458(is made to be a cop)3.198 F 2.958(yo)-.1 G 2.958(ft)-2.958 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.958 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G -2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F2(wor)3.297 E(d)-.37 E F0 +2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F1(wor)3.297 E(d)-.37 E F0 .457(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.727 F .149 -(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 252 R(If)5.149 E F2(wor) -2.989 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.419 G .149(luates to).25 F F12.649 E -F0 2.65<2c8c>C .15(le descriptor)-2.65 F F2(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is closed.) -2.89 F(If)5.15 E F2(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is not speci\214ed,)2.89 F -(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 264 Q -(The operator)108 280.8 Q([)144 297.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(wor)A +(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 345.6 R(If)5.149 E F1(wor) +2.989 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.419 G .149(luates to).25 F F22.649 E +F0 2.65<2c8c>C .15(le descriptor)-2.65 F F1(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is closed.) +2.89 F(If)5.15 E F1(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is not speci\214ed,)2.89 F +(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 357.6 Q +(The operator)108 374.4 Q([)144 391.2 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(>&)A F1(wor)A (d)-.37 E F0 .444 -(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 314.4 R -(If)5.444 E F2(n)3.304 E F0 .443 +(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 408 R(If) +5.444 E F1(n)3.304 E F0 .443 (is not speci\214ed, the standard output \(\214le descrip-)3.183 F 1.357 -(tor 1\) is used.)108 326.4 R 1.357(If the digits in)6.357 F F2(wor) -4.197 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.358(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for o\ -utput, a redirection error)4.627 F 2.754(occurs. If)108 338.4 R F2(wor) -3.094 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.524 G .254(luates to).25 F F12.754 E -F0 2.754<2c8c>C .254(le descriptor)-2.754 F F2(n)3.114 E F0 .254 -(is closed.)2.994 F .254(As a special case, if)5.254 F F2(n)2.754 E F0 -.253(is omitted, and)2.754 F F2(wor)2.753 E(d)-.37 E F0(does)2.753 E -.965(not e)108 350.4 R .965(xpand to one or more digits or)-.15 F F1 +(tor 1\) is used.)108 420 R 1.357(If the digits in)6.357 F F1(wor)4.197 +E(d)-.37 E F0 1.358(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for output,\ + a redirection error)4.627 F 2.754(occurs. If)108 432 R F1(wor)3.094 E +(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.524 G .254(luates to).25 F F22.754 E F0 +2.754<2c8c>C .254(le descriptor)-2.754 F F1(n)3.114 E F0 .254 +(is closed.)2.994 F .254(As a special case, if)5.254 F F1(n)2.754 E F0 +.253(is omitted, and)2.754 F F1(wor)2.753 E(d)-.37 E F0(does)2.753 E +.965(not e)108 444 R .965(xpand to one or more digits or)-.15 F F2 3.465 E F0 3.466(,t)C .966 (he standard output and standard error are redirected as described) --3.466 F(pre)108 362.4 Q(viously)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F1(Mo)87 379.2 Q -(ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0(The redirection operator)108 391.2 Q([) -144 408 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(digit)A F1A F0(mo)108 424.8 Q --.15(ve)-.15 G 3.036(st).15 G .536(he \214le descriptor)-3.036 F F2 -(digit)3.036 E F0 .536(to \214le descriptor)3.036 F F2(n)3.036 E F0 +-3.466 F(pre)108 456 Q(viously)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F2(Mo)87 472.8 Q +(ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0(The redirection operator)108 484.8 Q([) +144 501.6 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<&)A F1(digit)A F2A F0(mo)108 518.4 Q +-.15(ve)-.15 G 3.036(st).15 G .536(he \214le descriptor)-3.036 F F1 +(digit)3.036 E F0 .536(to \214le descriptor)3.036 F F1(n)3.036 E F0 3.036(,o).24 G 3.036(rt)-3.036 G .535 -(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.036 F F2(n)3.035 E F0 -.535(is not speci-)3.035 F(\214ed.)108 436.8 Q F2(digit)5 E F0 -(is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(.)A(Similarly) -108 453.6 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E([)144 470.4 Q -F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(digit)A F1A F0(mo)108 487.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 -G 2.785(st).15 G .285(he \214le descriptor)-2.785 F F2(digit)2.785 E F0 -.285(to \214le descriptor)2.785 F F2(n)2.785 E F0 2.785(,o).24 G 2.785 +(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.036 F F1(n)3.035 E F0 +.535(is not speci-)3.035 F(\214ed.)108 530.4 Q F1(digit)5 E F0 +(is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F1(n)2.5 E F0(.)A(Similarly) +108 547.2 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E([)144 564 Q F1 +(n)A F0(])A F2(>&)A F1(digit)A F2A F0(mo)108 580.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G +2.785(st).15 G .285(he \214le descriptor)-2.785 F F1(digit)2.785 E F0 +.285(to \214le descriptor)2.785 F F1(n)2.785 E F0 2.785(,o).24 G 2.785 (rt)-2.785 G .286(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.785 F -F2(n)2.786 E F0 .286(is not speci-)2.786 F(\214ed.)108 499.2 Q F1 -(Opening File Descriptors f)87 516 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0 -(The redirection operator)108 528 Q([)144 544.8 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<>)A -F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 1.349(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108 -561.6 R 1.349(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)4.189 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.349 +F1(n)2.786 E F0 .286(is not speci-)2.786 F(\214ed.)108 592.8 Q F2 +(Opening File Descriptors f)87 609.6 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0 +(The redirection operator)108 621.6 Q([)144 638.4 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<>) +A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 1.349(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108 +655.2 R 1.349(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)4.189 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.349 (to be opened for both reading and writing on \214le)4.619 F(descriptor) -108 573.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5<6e8c>-2.5 G -(le descriptor 0 if)-2.5 E F2(n)2.86 E F0(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E +108 667.2 Q F1(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5<6e8c>-2.5 G +(le descriptor 0 if)-2.5 E F1(n)2.86 E F0(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E (If the \214le does not e)5 E(xist, it is created.)-.15 E/F3 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 590.4 Q F2(Aliases)108 602.4 Q F0(allo)3.173 -E 3.173(was)-.25 G .674(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.173 F .674 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 684 Q F1(Aliases)108 696 Q F0(allo)3.173 E +3.173(was)-.25 G .674(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.173 F .674 (ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .674 (ord of a simple command.)-.1 F .394(The shell maintains a list of alia\ -ses that may be set and unset with the)108 614.4 R F1(alias)2.893 E F0 -(and)2.893 E F1(unalias)2.893 E F0 -.2(bu)2.893 G .393(iltin commands).2 -F(\(see)108 626.4 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.979(SHELL B)4.479 F(UIL)-.09 -E 1.979(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.229 E 4.48(w\). The)-.25 F 1.98 +ses that may be set and unset with the)108 708 R F2(alias)2.893 E F0 +(and)2.893 E F2(unalias)2.893 E F0 -.2(bu)2.893 G .393(iltin commands).2 +F(\(see)108 720 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.979(SHELL B)4.479 F(UIL)-.09 E +1.979(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.229 E 4.48(w\). The)-.25 F 1.98 (\214rst w)4.48 F 1.98(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1 F -(check)108 638.4 Q .473(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .473 -(If so, that w)5.473 F .472(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .472 -(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .472(The characters)5.472 F F1(/)2.972 E F0(,)A -F1($)2.972 E F0(,)A F1<92>2.972 E F0(,)A(and)108 650.4 Q F1(=)3.611 E F0 -1.111(and an)3.611 F 3.611(yo)-.15 G 3.611(ft)-3.611 G 1.111(he shell) --3.611 F F2(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112 -(or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.412 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.112 -(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.62(name. The)108 662.4 R 1.12 +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(28)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 29 29 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(check)108 84 Q +.473(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .473(If so, that w)5.473 F .472 +(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .472(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .472 +(The characters)5.472 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(/)2.972 E F0(,)A F1($) +2.972 E F0(,)A F1<92>2.972 E F0(,)A(and)108 96 Q F1(=)3.611 E F0 1.111 +(and an)3.611 F 3.611(yo)-.15 G 3.611(ft)-3.611 G 1.111(he shell)-3.611 +F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E +F0 1.112(or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.412 -.15(ve m)-.15 H +1.112(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.62(name. The)108 108 R 1.12 (replacement te)3.62 F 1.119(xt may contain an)-.15 F 3.619(yv)-.15 G 1.119(alid shell input, including shell metacharacters.)-3.869 F 1.119 -(The \214rst)6.119 F -.1(wo)108 674.4 S .513(rd of the replacement te).1 -F .513(xt is tested for aliases, b)-.15 F .513(ut a w)-.2 F .514 +(The \214rst)6.119 F -.1(wo)108 120 S .513(rd of the replacement te).1 F +.513(xt is tested for aliases, b)-.15 F .513(ut a w)-.2 F .514 (ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .514(xpanded is)-.15 F -.296(not e)108 686.4 R .296(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296 +.296(not e)108 132 R .296(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296 (This means that one may alias)5.296 F F1(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F1 .296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .295(or instance, and)-2.796 F F1 -(bash)2.795 E F0 .295(does not try)2.795 F .542(to recursi)108 698.4 R +(bash)2.795 E F0 .295(does not try)2.795 F .542(to recursi)108 144 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .542(ly e).15 F .542(xpand the replacement te)-.15 F 3.042(xt. If)-.15 F .543(the last character of the alias v)3.042 F .543 (alue is a)-.25 F F2(blank)3.043 E F0 3.043(,t).67 G .543(hen the ne) --3.043 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 710.4 Q(ord follo)-.1 E +-3.043 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 156 Q(ord follo)-.1 E (wing the alias is also check)-.25 E(ed for alias e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15 -E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 727.2 Q F1(alias)2.5 E F0 +E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 172.8 Q F1(alias)2.5 E F0 (command, and remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith the)-2.5 E F1 -(unalias)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6) -149.285 E(28)198.445 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 29 29 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .284 -(There is no mechanism for using ar)108 84 R .284 +(unalias)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E .284 +(There is no mechanism for using ar)108 189.6 R .284 (guments in the replacement te)-.18 F 2.784(xt. If)-.15 F(ar)2.784 E .284(guments are needed, a shell func-)-.18 F(tion should be used \(see) -108 96 Q/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCTIONS)2.5 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E -1.22(Aliases are not e)108 112.8 R 1.22 +108 201.6 Q/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCTIONS)2.5 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).) +-.25 E 1.22(Aliases are not e)108 218.4 R 1.22 (xpanded when the shell is not interacti)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.72(,u) -.15 G 1.22(nless the)-3.72 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(expand_aliases)3.72 E -F0 1.22(shell option is set)3.72 F(using)108 124.8 Q F2(shopt)2.5 E F0 -(\(see the description of)2.5 E F2(shopt)2.5 E F0(under)2.5 E F1 +.15 G 1.22(nless the)-3.72 F F1(expand_aliases)3.72 E F0 1.22 +(shell option is set)3.72 F(using)108 230.4 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 +(\(see the description of)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(under)2.5 E F3 (SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E .436 (The rules concerning the de\214nition and use of aliases are some)108 -141.6 R .435(what confusing.)-.25 F F2(Bash)5.435 E F0(al)2.935 E -.1 +247.2 R .435(what confusing.)-.25 F F1(Bash)5.435 E F0(al)2.935 E -.1 (wa)-.1 G .435(ys reads at least).1 F .337 -(one complete line of input before e)108 153.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .338 +(one complete line of input before e)108 259.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .338 (cuting an).15 F 2.838(yo)-.15 G 2.838(ft)-2.838 G .338 (he commands on that line.)-2.838 F .338(Aliases are e)5.338 F .338 -(xpanded when)-.15 F 3.404(ac)108 165.6 S .904 +(xpanded when)-.15 F 3.404(ac)108 271.2 S .904 (ommand is read, not when it is e)-3.404 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.404 (cuted. Therefore,).15 F .904 (an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as)3.404 F 1.161 -(another command does not tak)108 177.6 R 3.662(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.662 +(another command does not tak)108 283.2 R 3.662(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.662 G 1.162(ect until the ne).25 F 1.162(xt line of input is read.)-.15 F 1.162(The commands follo)6.162 F 1.162(wing the)-.25 F .277 -(alias de\214nition on that line are not af)108 189.6 R .277 +(alias de\214nition on that line are not af)108 295.2 R .277 (fected by the ne)-.25 F 2.777(wa)-.25 G 2.777(lias. This)-2.777 F(beha) 2.777 E .277(vior is also an issue when functions)-.2 F .698(are e)108 -201.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.198(cuted. Aliases).15 F .698(are e)3.198 F +307.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.198(cuted. Aliases).15 F .698(are e)3.198 F .699(xpanded when a function de\214nition is read, not when the functio\ n is e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E .613 -(because a function de\214nition is itself a command.)108 213.6 R .612 +(because a function de\214nition is itself a command.)108 319.2 R .612 (As a consequence, aliases de\214ned in a function are not)5.612 F -.2 -(av)108 225.6 S .058(ailable until after that function is e)-.05 F -.15 +(av)108 331.2 S .058(ailable until after that function is e)-.05 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G 2.558(cuted. T).15 F 2.558(ob)-.8 G 2.558(es)-2.558 G .058 (afe, al)-2.558 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .059 (ys put alias de\214nitions on a separate line, and).1 F(do not use)108 -237.6 Q F2(alias)2.5 E F0(in compound commands.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)108 254.4 -S 2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ry purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.).15 E/F3 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCTIONS)72 271.2 Q F0 3.468(As)108 283.2 S .968 +343.2 Q F1(alias)2.5 E F0(in compound commands.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)108 360 S +2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(ry purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.).15 E/F4 10.95 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCTIONS)72 376.8 Q F0 3.468(As)108 388.8 S .968 (hell function, de\214ned as described abo)-3.468 F 1.267 -.15(ve u)-.15 -H(nder).15 E F1 .967(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.467 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 -.967(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F 1.001(later e)108 295.2 R +H(nder).15 E F3 .967(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.467 F/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 +.967(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F 1.001(later e)108 400.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.501(cution. When).15 F 1.002(the name of a shell funct\ ion is used as a simple command name, the list of com-)3.501 F .316 -(mands associated with that function name is e)108 307.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 +(mands associated with that function name is e)108 412.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .315 (cuted in the conte).15 F .315(xt of the current)-.15 F .035 -(shell; no ne)108 319.2 R 2.535(wp)-.25 G .036 +(shell; no ne)108 424.8 R 2.535(wp)-.25 G .036 (rocess is created to interpret them \(contrast this with the e)-2.535 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .036(cution of a shell script\).).15 F .036(When a)5.036 -F .64(function is e)108 331.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .64(cuted, the ar).15 F +F .64(function is e)108 436.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .64(cuted, the ar).15 F .639 (guments to the function become the positional parameters during its e) --.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .532(The special parameter)108 343.2 -R F2(#)3.032 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.032 F .532 -(Special parameter)5.532 F F2(0)3.033 E F0 .533(is unchanged.)3.033 F -.533(The \214rst ele-)5.533 F(ment of the)108 355.2 Q F1(FUNCN)2.5 E +-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .532(The special parameter)108 448.8 +R F1(#)3.032 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.032 F .532 +(Special parameter)5.532 F F1(0)3.033 E F0 .533(is unchanged.)3.033 F +.533(The \214rst ele-)5.533 F(ment of the)108 460.8 Q F3(FUNCN)2.5 E (AME)-.18 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G (riable is set to the name of the function while the function is e).25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting.).15 E 1.25(All other aspects of the shell e)108 -372 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.25(cution en).15 F 1.25 +477.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.25(cution en).15 F 1.25 (vironment are identical between a function and its caller with)-.4 F -1.214(these e)108 384 R 1.214(xceptions: the)-.15 F F1(DEB)3.714 E(UG) --.09 E F0(and)3.464 E F2(RETURN)3.715 E F0 1.215 -(traps \(see the description of the)3.715 F F2(trap)3.715 E F0 -.2(bu) -3.715 G 1.215(iltin under).2 F F1(SHELL)3.715 E -.09(BU)108 396 S(IL).09 -E .479(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.729 E .479 +1.214(these e)108 489.6 R 1.214(xceptions: the)-.15 F F3(DEB)3.714 E(UG) +-.09 E F0(and)3.464 E F1(RETURN)3.715 E F0 1.215 +(traps \(see the description of the)3.715 F F1(trap)3.715 E F0 -.2(bu) +3.715 G 1.215(iltin under).2 F F3(SHELL)3.715 E -.09(BU)108 501.6 S(IL) +.09 E .479(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.729 E .479 (w\) are not inherited unless the function has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.978(nt).15 G(he)-2.978 E F2(trace)2.978 E F0(attrib)2.978 E -.478(ute \(see)-.2 F .42(the description of the)108 408 R F1(declar)2.92 -E(e)-.162 E F0 -.2(bu)2.67 G .42(iltin belo).2 F .42(w\) or the)-.25 F -F2 .42(\255o functrace)2.92 F F0 .42 -(shell option has been enabled with the)2.92 F F2(set)2.921 E F0 -.2(bu) -108 420 S .072(iltin \(in which case all functions inherit the).2 F F2 -(DEB)2.572 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.572 E F2(RETURN)2.572 E F0 .072 -(traps\), and the)2.572 F F1(ERR)2.571 E F0 .071(trap is not inher)2.321 -F(-)-.2 E(ited unless the)108 432 Q F2(\255o errtrace)2.5 E F0 -(shell option has been enabled.)2.5 E -1.11(Va)108 448.8 S .655 -(riables local to the function may be declared with the)1.11 F F2(local) +-.25 G 2.978(nt).15 G(he)-2.978 E F1(trace)2.978 E F0(attrib)2.978 E +.478(ute \(see)-.2 F .42(the description of the)108 513.6 R F3(declar) +2.92 E(e)-.162 E F0 -.2(bu)2.67 G .42(iltin belo).2 F .42(w\) or the) +-.25 F F1 .42(\255o functrace)2.92 F F0 .42 +(shell option has been enabled with the)2.92 F F1(set)2.921 E F0 -.2(bu) +108 525.6 S .072(iltin \(in which case all functions inherit the).2 F F1 +(DEB)2.572 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.572 E F1(RETURN)2.572 E F0 .072 +(traps\), and the)2.572 F F3(ERR)2.571 E F0 .071(trap is not inher)2.321 +F(-)-.2 E(ited unless the)108 537.6 Q F1(\255o errtrace)2.5 E F0 +(shell option has been enabled.)2.5 E -1.11(Va)108 554.4 S .655 +(riables local to the function may be declared with the)1.11 F F1(local) 3.155 E F0 -.2(bu)3.156 G .656(iltin command.).2 F(Ordinarily)5.656 E -3.156(,v)-.65 G .656(ariables and)-3.406 F(their v)108 460.8 Q +3.156(,v)-.65 G .656(ariables and)-3.406 F(their v)108 566.4 Q (alues are shared between the function and its caller)-.25 E(.)-.55 E -(The)108 477.6 Q F2(FUNCNEST)3.529 E F0 -.25(va)3.529 G 1.028 +(The)108 583.2 Q F1(FUNCNEST)3.529 E F0 -.25(va)3.529 G 1.028 (riable, if set to a numeric v).25 F 1.028 (alue greater than 0, de\214nes a maximum function nesting)-.25 F(le)108 -489.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l. Function).15 F(in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G +595.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l. Function).15 F(in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G (cations that e).2 E(xceed the limit cause the entire command to abort.) --.15 E .043(If the b)108 506.4 R .043(uiltin command)-.2 F F2 -.18(re) +-.15 E .043(If the b)108 612 R .043(uiltin command)-.2 F F1 -.18(re) 2.543 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .043(is e)2.543 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .043 (cuted in a function, the function completes and e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.044(cution resumes with).15 F 1.012(the ne)108 518.4 R 1.012 +.044(cution resumes with).15 F 1.012(the ne)108 624 R 1.012 (xt command after the function call.)-.15 F(An)6.011 E 3.511(yc)-.15 G -1.011(ommand associated with the)-3.511 F F2(RETURN)3.511 E F0 1.011 -(trap is e)3.511 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E .213(before e)108 530.4 R +1.011(ommand associated with the)-3.511 F F1(RETURN)3.511 E F0 1.011 +(trap is e)3.511 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E .213(before e)108 636 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .213(cution resumes.).15 F .213 (When a function completes, the v)5.213 F .214 (alues of the positional parameters and the spe-)-.25 F(cial parameter) -108 542.4 Q F2(#)2.5 E F0(are restored to the v)2.5 E(alues the)-.25 E -2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad prior to the function')-2.5 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15(xe) --2.65 G(cution.).15 E 1.359 -(Function names and de\214nitions may be listed with the)108 559.2 R F2 -3.858 E F0 1.358(option to the)3.858 F F2(declar)3.858 E(e)-.18 E -F0(or)3.858 E F2(typeset)3.858 E F0 -.2(bu)3.858 G 1.358(iltin com-).2 F -3.39(mands. The)108 571.2 R F23.39 E F0 .89(option to)3.39 F F2 -(declar)3.39 E(e)-.18 E F0(or)3.39 E F2(typeset)3.39 E F0 .89 +108 648 Q F1(#)2.5 E F0(are restored to the v)2.5 E(alues the)-.25 E 2.5 +(yh)-.15 G(ad prior to the function')-2.5 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15(xe)-2.65 +G(cution.).15 E 1.359 +(Function names and de\214nitions may be listed with the)108 664.8 R F1 +3.858 E F0 1.358(option to the)3.858 F F1(declar)3.858 E(e)-.18 E +F0(or)3.858 E F1(typeset)3.858 E F0 -.2(bu)3.858 G 1.358(iltin com-).2 F +3.39(mands. The)108 676.8 R F13.39 E F0 .89(option to)3.39 F F1 +(declar)3.39 E(e)-.18 E F0(or)3.39 E F1(typeset)3.39 E F0 .89 (will list the function names only \(and optionally the source)3.39 F -.327(\214le and line number)108 583.2 R 2.827(,i)-.4 G 2.827(ft)-2.827 G -(he)-2.827 E F2(extdeb)2.827 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .326 +.327(\214le and line number)108 688.8 R 2.827(,i)-.4 G 2.827(ft)-2.827 G +(he)-2.827 E F1(extdeb)2.827 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .326 (shell option is enabled\).)2.827 F .326(Functions may be e)5.326 F .326 -(xported so that subshells)-.15 F 1.297(automatically ha)108 595.2 R -1.597 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.297(hem de\214ned with the).15 F F23.797 E -F0 1.297(option to the)3.797 F F2(export)3.798 E F0 -.2(bu)3.798 G 3.798 +(xported so that subshells)-.15 F 1.297(automatically ha)108 700.8 R +1.597 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.297(hem de\214ned with the).15 F F13.797 E +F0 1.297(option to the)3.797 F F1(export)3.798 E F0 -.2(bu)3.798 G 3.798 (iltin. A).2 F 1.298(function de\214nition may be)3.798 F .161 -(deleted using the)108 607.2 R F22.661 E F0 .161(option to the) -2.661 F F2(unset)2.661 E F0 -.2(bu)2.661 G 2.661(iltin. Note).2 F .16 +(deleted using the)108 712.8 R F12.661 E F0 .161(option to the) +2.661 F F1(unset)2.661 E F0 -.2(bu)2.661 G 2.661(iltin. Note).2 F .16 (that shell functions and v)2.661 F .16(ariables with the same name)-.25 F 1.325(may result in multiple identically-named entries in the en)108 -619.2 R 1.325(vironment passed to the shell')-.4 F 3.825(sc)-.55 G 3.825 -(hildren. Care)-3.825 F(should be tak)108 631.2 Q -(en in cases where this may cause a problem.)-.1 E .372 -(Functions may be recursi)108 648 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.371(.T).15 G(he) --5.371 E F2(FUNCNEST)2.871 E F0 -.25(va)2.871 G .371 -(riable may be used to limit the depth of the function call).25 F 1.141 -(stack and restrict the number of function in)108 660 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -3.641(cations. By).2 F(def)3.641 E 1.141 -(ault, no limit is imposed on the number of)-.1 F(recursi)108 672 Q .3 --.15(ve c)-.25 H(alls.).15 E F3(ARITHMETIC EV)72 688.8 Q(ALU)-1.478 E --1.04(AT)-.657 G(ION)1.04 E F0 2.298(The shell allo)108 700.8 R 2.297 -(ws arithmetic e)-.25 F 2.297(xpressions to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G -2.297(luated, under certain circumstances \(see the).25 F F2(let)4.797 E -F0(and)4.797 E F2(declar)108 712.8 Q(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.705 G .205 -(iltin commands and).2 F F2 .205(Arithmetic Expansion)2.705 F F0 2.705 -(\). Ev)B .205(aluation is done in \214x)-.25 F .206(ed-width inte)-.15 -F .206(gers with no)-.15 F 2.07(check for o)108 724.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G -(r\215o).15 E 3.37 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.07(hough di).65 F 2.07 -(vision by 0 is trapped and \215agged as an error)-.25 F 7.07(.T)-.55 G -2.07(he operators and their)-7.07 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6) -149.285 E(29)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +724.8 R 1.325(vironment passed to the shell')-.4 F 3.825(sc)-.55 G 3.825 +(hildren. Care)-3.825 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(29) +199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 30 30 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .645 -(precedence, associati)108 84 R(vity)-.25 E 3.145(,a)-.65 G .646(nd v) --3.145 F .646(alues are the same as in the C language.)-.25 F .646 -(The follo)5.646 F .646(wing list of operators is)-.25 F -(grouped into le)108 96 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ls of equal-precedence operators.).15 E(The le)5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ls are listed in order of decreasing precedence.).15 E/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(id)108 112.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(++)A F1(id)2.5 E -F2A F0 -.25(va)144 124.8 S -(riable post-increment and post-decrement).25 E F2(++)108 136.8 Q F1(id) -A F22.5 E F1(id)A F0 -.25(va)144 148.8 S -(riable pre-increment and pre-decrement).25 E F2 2.5108 160.8 S F0 -(unary minus and plus)144 160.8 Q F2 2.5(!~)108 172.8 S F0 -(logical and bitwise ne)144 172.8 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(tion).05 E F2(**)108 -184.8 Q F0 -.15(ex)144 184.8 S(ponentiation).15 E F2 2.5(*/%)108 196.8 S -F0(multiplication, di)144 196.8 Q(vision, remainder)-.25 E F2 2.5<2bad> -108 208.8 S F0(addition, subtraction)144 208.8 Q F2(<< >>)108 220.8 Q F0 -(left and right bitwise shifts)144 220.8 Q F2(<= >= < >)108 232.8 Q F0 -(comparison)144 244.8 Q F2(== !=)108 256.8 Q F0(equality and inequality) -144 256.8 Q F2(&)108 268.8 Q F0(bitwise AND)144 268.8 Q F2(^)108 280.8 Q -F0(bitwise e)144 280.8 Q(xclusi)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve O)-.25 H(R).15 E F2(|) -108 292.8 Q F0(bitwise OR)144 292.8 Q F2(&&)108 304.8 Q F0(logical AND) -144 304.8 Q F2(||)108 316.8 Q F0(logical OR)144 316.8 Q F1 -.2(ex)108 -328.8 S(pr).2 E F2(?)A F1 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E F2(:)A F1 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E F0 -(conditional operator)144 340.8 Q F2 2.5(=*)108 352.8 S 2.5(=/)-2.5 G +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(should be tak)108 +84 Q(en in cases where this may cause a problem.)-.1 E .372 +(Functions may be recursi)108 100.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.371(.T).15 G(he) +-5.371 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCNEST)2.871 E F0 -.25(va)2.871 G .371 +(riable may be used to limit the depth of the function call).25 F 1.141 +(stack and restrict the number of function in)108 112.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G +3.641(cations. By).2 F(def)3.641 E 1.141 +(ault, no limit is imposed on the number of)-.1 F(recursi)108 124.8 Q .3 +-.15(ve c)-.25 H(alls.).15 E/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(ARITHMETIC EV)72 +141.6 Q(ALU)-1.478 E -1.04(AT)-.657 G(ION)1.04 E F0 2.298 +(The shell allo)108 153.6 R 2.297(ws arithmetic e)-.25 F 2.297 +(xpressions to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 2.297 +(luated, under certain circumstances \(see the).25 F F1(let)4.797 E F0 +(and)4.797 E F1(declar)108 165.6 Q(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.705 G .205 +(iltin commands and).2 F F1 .205(Arithmetic Expansion)2.705 F F0 2.705 +(\). Ev)B .205(aluation is done in \214x)-.25 F .206(ed-width inte)-.15 +F .206(gers with no)-.15 F .429(check for o)108 177.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G +(r\215o).15 E 1.729 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .429(hough di).65 F .428 +(vision by 0 is trapped and \215agged as an error)-.25 F 5.428(.T)-.55 G +.428(he operators and their prece-)-5.428 F 1.919(dence, associati)108 +189.6 R(vity)-.25 E 4.419(,a)-.65 G 1.919(nd v)-4.419 F 1.919 +(alues are the same as in the C language.)-.25 F 1.92(The follo)6.92 F +1.92(wing list of operators is)-.25 F(grouped into le)108 201.6 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(ls of equal-precedence operators.).15 E(The le)5 E -.15(ve) +-.25 G(ls are listed in order of decreasing precedence.).15 E/F3 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(id)108 218.4 Q F1(++)A F3(id)2.5 E F1A F0 -.25 +(va)144 230.4 S(riable post-increment and post-decrement).25 E F1(++)108 +242.4 Q F3(id)A F12.5 E F3(id)A F0 -.25(va)144 254.4 S +(riable pre-increment and pre-decrement).25 E F1 2.5108 266.4 S F0 +(unary minus and plus)144 266.4 Q F1 2.5(!~)108 278.4 S F0 +(logical and bitwise ne)144 278.4 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(tion).05 E F1(**)108 +290.4 Q F0 -.15(ex)144 290.4 S(ponentiation).15 E F1 2.5(*/%)108 302.4 S +F0(multiplication, di)144 302.4 Q(vision, remainder)-.25 E F1 2.5<2bad> +108 314.4 S F0(addition, subtraction)144 314.4 Q F1(<< >>)108 326.4 Q F0 +(left and right bitwise shifts)144 326.4 Q F1(<= >= < >)108 338.4 Q F0 +(comparison)144 350.4 Q F1(== !=)108 362.4 Q F0(equality and inequality) +144 362.4 Q F1(&)108 374.4 Q F0(bitwise AND)144 374.4 Q F1(^)108 386.4 Q +F0(bitwise e)144 386.4 Q(xclusi)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve O)-.25 H(R).15 E F1(|) +108 398.4 Q F0(bitwise OR)144 398.4 Q F1(&&)108 410.4 Q F0(logical AND) +144 410.4 Q F1(||)108 422.4 Q F0(logical OR)144 422.4 Q F3 -.2(ex)108 +434.4 S(pr).2 E F1(?)A F3 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E F1(:)A F3 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E F0 +(conditional operator)144 446.4 Q F1 2.5(=*)108 458.4 S 2.5(=/)-2.5 G 2.5(=%)-2.5 G 2.5(=+)-2.5 G 2.5<3dad>-2.5 G 2.5(=<)-2.5 G -(<= >>= &= ^= |=)-2.5 E F0(assignment)144 364.8 Q F1 -.2(ex)108 376.8 S -(pr1).2 E F2(,)2.5 E F1 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(comma)144 388.8 Q .68 -(Shell v)108 405.6 R .68(ariables are allo)-.25 F .68 +(<= >>= &= ^= |=)-2.5 E F0(assignment)144 470.4 Q F3 -.2(ex)108 482.4 S +(pr1).2 E F1(,)2.5 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(comma)144 494.4 Q .68 +(Shell v)108 511.2 R .68(ariables are allo)-.25 F .68 (wed as operands; parameter e)-.25 F .68 (xpansion is performed before the e)-.15 F .68(xpression is e)-.15 F --.25(va)-.25 G(lu-).25 E 3.507(ated. W)108 417.6 R 1.007(ithin an e)-.4 +-.25(va)-.25 G(lu-).25 E 3.507(ated. W)108 523.2 R 1.007(ithin an e)-.4 F 1.007(xpression, shell v)-.15 F 1.007 (ariables may also be referenced by name without using the parameter) --.25 F -.15(ex)108 429.6 S 1.041(pansion syntax.).15 F 3.541(As)6.041 G +-.25 F -.15(ex)108 535.2 S 1.041(pansion syntax.).15 F 3.541(As)6.041 G 1.041(hell v)-3.541 F 1.041(ariable that is null or unset e)-.25 F -.25 (va)-.25 G 1.04(luates to 0 when referenced by name without).25 F 1.466 -(using the parameter e)108 441.6 R 1.466(xpansion syntax.)-.15 F 1.467 +(using the parameter e)108 547.2 R 1.466(xpansion syntax.)-.15 F 1.467 (The v)6.466 F 1.467(alue of a v)-.25 F 1.467(ariable is e)-.25 F -.25 (va)-.25 G 1.467(luated as an arithmetic e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E 1.39 -(when it is referenced, or when a v)108 453.6 R 1.389 +(when it is referenced, or when a v)108 559.2 R 1.389 (ariable which has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.889(nt).15 G(he) --3.889 E F1(inte)3.889 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib)3.889 E 1.389 -(ute using)-.2 F F2(declar)3.889 E 3.889(e-)-.18 G(i)-3.889 E F0(is) -3.889 E .332(assigned a v)108 465.6 R 2.832(alue. A)-.25 F .332(null v) +-3.889 E F3(inte)3.889 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib)3.889 E 1.389 +(ute using)-.2 F F1(declar)3.889 E 3.889(e-)-.18 G(i)-3.889 E F0(is) +3.889 E .332(assigned a v)108 571.2 R 2.832(alue. A)-.25 F .332(null v) 2.832 F .332(alue e)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .332(luates to 0.).25 F 2.832 (As)5.332 G .332(hell v)-2.832 F .332(ariable need not ha)-.25 F .632 --.15(ve i)-.2 H(ts).15 E F1(inte)2.832 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib) -2.832 E .333(ute turned on)-.2 F(to be used in an e)108 477.6 Q +-.15(ve i)-.2 H(ts).15 E F3(inte)2.832 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib) +2.832 E .333(ute turned on)-.2 F(to be used in an e)108 583.2 Q (xpression.)-.15 E 1.406 -(Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers.)108 494.4 -R 3.906(Al)6.406 G 1.406(eading 0x or 0X denotes he)-3.906 F(xadecimal.) --.15 E .112(Otherwise, numbers tak)108 506.4 R 2.612(et)-.1 G .112 -(he form [)-2.612 F F1(base#)A F0 .112(]n, where the optional)B F1(base) +(Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers.)108 600 R +3.906(Al)6.406 G 1.406(eading 0x or 0X denotes he)-3.906 F(xadecimal.) +-.15 E .112(Otherwise, numbers tak)108 612 R 2.612(et)-.1 G .112 +(he form [)-2.612 F F3(base#)A F0 .112(]n, where the optional)B F3(base) 2.612 E F0 .113(is a decimal number between 2 and 64)2.612 F .534 -(representing the arithmetic base, and)108 518.4 R F1(n)3.034 E F0 .534 -(is a number in that base.)3.034 F(If)5.533 E F1(base#)3.033 E F0 .533 -(is omitted, then base 10 is used.)3.033 F .512(When specifying)108 -530.4 R F1(n)3.012 E F0 3.012(,t)C .512 +(representing the arithmetic base, and)108 624 R F3(n)3.034 E F0 .534 +(is a number in that base.)3.034 F(If)5.533 E F3(base#)3.033 E F0 .533 +(is omitted, then base 10 is used.)3.033 F .512(When specifying)108 636 +R F3(n)3.012 E F0 3.012(,t)C .512 (he digits greater than 9 are represented by the lo)-3.012 F .513 (wercase letters, the uppercase letters,)-.25 F .943 -(@, and _, in that order)108 542.4 R 5.943(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.943 E F1(base) +(@, and _, in that order)108 648 R 5.943(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.943 E F3(base) 3.443 E F0 .942(is less than or equal to 36, lo)3.443 F .942 (wercase and uppercase letters may be used)-.25 F -(interchangeably to represent numbers between 10 and 35.)108 554.4 Q -.234(Operators are e)108 571.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G .234 +(interchangeably to represent numbers between 10 and 35.)108 660 Q .234 +(Operators are e)108 676.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G .234 (luated in order of precedence.).25 F(Sub-e)5.234 E .234 (xpressions in parentheses are e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .235 -(luated \214rst and may).25 F -.15(ove)108 583.2 S -(rride the precedence rules abo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E/F3 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(CONDITION)72 600 Q(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.219 E F0 .256 -(Conditional e)108 612 R .256(xpressions are used by the)-.15 F F2([[) -2.755 E F0 .255(compound command and the)2.755 F F2(test)2.755 E F0(and) -2.755 E F2([)2.755 E F0 -.2(bu)2.755 G .255(iltin commands to test).2 F -.77(\214le attrib)108 624 R .77 +(luated \214rst and may).25 F -.15(ove)108 688.8 S +(rride the precedence rules abo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F2 +(CONDITION)72 705.6 Q(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.219 E F0 .256(Conditional e)108 +717.6 R .256(xpressions are used by the)-.15 F F1([[)2.755 E F0 .255 +(compound command and the)2.755 F F1(test)2.755 E F0(and)2.755 E F1([) +2.755 E F0 -.2(bu)2.755 G .255(iltin commands to test).2 F .77 +(\214le attrib)108 729.6 R .77 (utes and perform string and arithmetic comparisons.)-.2 F .77 -(Expressions are formed from the follo)5.77 F(wing)-.25 E 1.041 -(unary or binary primaries.)108 636 R 1.041(If an)6.041 F(y)-.15 E F1 -(\214le)3.541 E F0(ar)3.541 E 1.04 +(Expressions are formed from the follo)5.77 F(wing)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.4) +72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(30)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 31 31 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.041 +(unary or binary primaries.)108 84 R 1.041(If an)6.041 F(y)-.15 E/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214le)3.541 E F0(ar)3.541 E 1.04 (gument to one of the primaries is of the form)-.18 F F1(/de)3.54 E -(v/fd/n)-.15 E F0 3.54(,t)C 1.04(hen \214le)-3.54 F(descriptor)108 648 Q +(v/fd/n)-.15 E F0 3.54(,t)C 1.04(hen \214le)-3.54 F(descriptor)108 96 Q F1(n)3.788 E F0 1.289(is check)3.788 F 3.789(ed. If)-.1 F(the)3.789 E F1 (\214le)3.789 E F0(ar)3.789 E 1.289 (gument to one of the primaries is one of)-.18 F F1(/de)3.789 E(v/stdin) -.15 E F0(,)A F1(/de)3.789 E(v/stdout)-.15 E F0 3.789(,o)C(r)-3.789 E F1 -(/de)108 660 Q(v/stderr)-.15 E F0 2.5<2c8c>C +(/de)108 108 Q(v/stderr)-.15 E F0 2.5<2c8c>C (le descriptor 0, 1, or 2, respecti)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 2.5 (,i)-.65 G 2.5(sc)-2.5 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed.)-.1 E .722 (Unless otherwise speci\214ed, primaries that operate on \214les follo) -108 676.8 R 3.221(ws)-.25 G .721(ymbolic links and operate on the tar) --3.221 F(get)-.18 E(of the link, rather than the link itself.)108 688.8 -Q 1.095(When used with)108 706.8 R F2([[)3.595 E F0 3.595(,t)C(he)-3.595 -E F2(<)3.595 E F0(and)3.595 E F2(>)3.595 E F0 1.095(operators sort le) -3.595 F 1.095(xicographically using the current locale.)-.15 F(The)6.096 -E F2(test)3.596 E F0(com-)3.596 E(mand sorts using ASCII ordering.)108 -718.8 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(30)198.445 E 0 Cg -EP -%%Page: 31 31 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 84 -S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F1108 -96 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 96 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 --.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a block special \214le.).15 E F1108 108 -Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 108 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 --.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a character special \214le.).15 E F1108 -120 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 120 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E -F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a directory).15 E(.)-.65 E F1108 132 -Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 132 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 --.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F1108 144 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr) -144 144 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a re) -.15 E(gular \214le.)-.15 E F1108 156 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr) -144 156 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(ists and is set-group-id.).15 E F1108 168 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 --.35(Tr)144 168 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(ists and is a symbolic link.).15 E F1108 180 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 --.35(Tr)144 180 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +108 124.8 R 3.221(ws)-.25 G .721(ymbolic links and operate on the tar) +-3.221 F(get)-.18 E(of the link, rather than the link itself.)108 136.8 +Q 1.095(When used with)108 154.8 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF([[)3.595 E F0 +3.595(,t)C(he)-3.595 E F2(<)3.595 E F0(and)3.595 E F2(>)3.595 E F0 1.095 +(operators sort le)3.595 F 1.095 +(xicographically using the current locale.)-.15 F(The)6.096 E F2(test) +3.596 E F0(com-)3.596 E(mand sorts using ASCII ordering.)108 166.8 Q F2 +108 190.8 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 190.8 S(ue if).35 E F1 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F2108 202.8 Q F1 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 202.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 +(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a block special \214le.).15 E F2108 214.8 Q +F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 214.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 +-.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a character special \214le.).15 E F2108 +226.8 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 226.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 +E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a directory).15 E(.)-.65 E F2108 +238.8 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 238.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 +E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F2108 250.8 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 +-.35(Tr)144 250.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +(ists and is a re).15 E(gular \214le.)-.15 E F2108 262.8 Q F1 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 262.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 +(ex)2.5 G(ists and is set-group-id.).15 E F2108 274.8 Q F1(\214le) +2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 274.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 +G(ists and is a symbolic link.).15 E F2108 286.8 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E +F0 -.35(Tr)144 286.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G (ists and its `).15 E(`stick)-.74 E(y')-.15 E 2.5('b)-.74 G(it is set.) --2.5 E F1108 192 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 192 S(ue if).35 -E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a named pipe \(FIFO\).) -.15 E F1108 204 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 204 S(ue if).35 E -F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is readable.).15 E F1108 -216 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 216 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E -F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and has a size greater than zero.).15 E F1 -108 228 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 228 S(ue if \214le descriptor).35 E -F2(fd)4.47 E F0(is open and refers to a terminal.)3.27 E F1108 240 -Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 240 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 --.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and its set-user).15 E(-id bit is set.)-.2 E F1 -108 252 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 252 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 -E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is writable.).15 E F1108 264 Q F2 -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 264 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 -(ex)2.5 G(ists and is e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutable.).15 E F1108 -276 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 276 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E -F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is o).15 E(wned by the ef)-.25 E(fecti)-.25 E -.3 -.15(ve g)-.25 H(roup id.).15 E F1108 288 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 --.35(Tr)144 288 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(ists and is a symbolic link.).15 E F1108 300 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 --.35(Tr)144 300 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(ists and has been modi\214ed since it w).15 E(as last read.)-.1 E F1 -108 312 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 312 S(ue if).35 E F2 +-2.5 E F2108 298.8 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 298.8 S(ue if) +.35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +(ists and is a named pipe \(FIFO\).).15 E F2108 310.8 Q F1(\214le) +2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 310.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 +G(ists and is readable.).15 E F2108 322.8 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 +-.35(Tr)144 322.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +(ists and has a size greater than zero.).15 E F2108 334.8 Q F1(fd) +2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 334.8 S(ue if \214le descriptor).35 E F1(fd)4.47 E +F0(is open and refers to a terminal.)3.27 E F2108 346.8 Q F1 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 346.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 +(ex)2.5 G(ists and its set-user).15 E(-id bit is set.)-.2 E F2108 +358.8 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 358.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 +E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is writable.).15 E F2108 370.8 Q F1 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 370.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 +(ex)2.5 G(ists and is e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutable.).15 E F2108 +382.8 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 382.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 +E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is o).15 E(wned by the ef)-.25 E(fecti)-.25 +E .3 -.15(ve g)-.25 H(roup id.).15 E F2108 394.8 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E +F0 -.35(Tr)144 394.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +(ists and is a symbolic link.).15 E F2108 406.8 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E +F0 -.35(Tr)144 406.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +(ists and has been modi\214ed since it w).15 E(as last read.)-.1 E F2 +108 418.8 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 418.8 S(ue if).35 E F1 (\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is o).15 E(wned by the ef)-.25 E -(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.25 H(ser id.).15 E F1108 324 Q F2 -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 324 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 -(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a sock).15 E(et.)-.1 E F2(\214le1)108 336 Q F1 -(\255ef)2.5 E F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 348 S(ue if).35 E F2 -(\214le1)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0(refer to the same de)2.5 -E(vice and inode numbers.)-.25 E F2(\214le1)108 360 Q F02.5 E F1(nt) -A F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 372 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le1)2.5 E F0 -(is ne)2.5 E(wer \(according to modi\214cation date\) than)-.25 E F2 -(\214le2)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(ri)-2.5 G(f)-2.5 E F2(\214le1)2.5 E F0 --.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and).15 E F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0(does not.)2.5 E F2 -(\214le1)108 384 Q F02.5 E F1(ot)A F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 -396 S(ue if).35 E F2(\214le1)2.5 E F0(is older than)2.5 E F2(\214le2)2.5 -E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(ri)-2.5 G(f)-2.5 E F2(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(ists and).15 E F2(\214le1)2.5 E F0(does not.)2.5 E F1108 408 Q F2 -(optname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 420 S .263(ue if the shell option).35 F F2 -(optname)2.992 E F0 .262(is enabled.)2.942 F .262 -(See the list of options under the description of the)5.262 F F1 -2.762 E F0(option to the)144 432 Q F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G -(iltin belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F1108 444 Q F2(varname)2.5 E F0 --.35(Tr)144 456 S(ue if the shell v).35 E(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname)2.79 -E F0(is set \(has been assigned a v)2.68 E(alue\).)-.25 E F1108 -468 Q F2(varname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 480 S(ue if the shell v).35 E -(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname)2.79 E F0(is set and is a name reference.) -2.68 E F1108 492 Q F2(string)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 504 S -(ue if the length of).35 E F2(string)2.5 E F0(is zero.)2.5 E F2(string) -108 516 Q F1108 528 Q F2(string)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 540 S -(ue if the length of).35 E F2(string)2.84 E F0(is non-zero.)2.72 E F2 -(string1)108 556.8 Q F1(==)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E(string1)108 568.8 Q F1 -(=)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 580.8 S .861 -(ue if the strings are equal.).35 F F1(=)5.861 E F0 .861 -(should be used with the)3.361 F F1(test)3.361 E F0 .862 +(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.25 H(ser id.).15 E F2108 430.8 Q F1 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 430.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 +(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a sock).15 E(et.)-.1 E F1(\214le1)108 442.8 Q F2 +(\255ef)2.5 E F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 454.8 S(ue if).35 E F1 +(\214le1)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0(refer to the same de)2.5 +E(vice and inode numbers.)-.25 E F1(\214le1)108 466.8 Q F02.5 E F2 +(nt)A F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 478.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le1)2.5 +E F0(is ne)2.5 E(wer \(according to modi\214cation date\) than)-.25 E F1 +(\214le2)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(ri)-2.5 G(f)-2.5 E F1(\214le1)2.5 E F0 +-.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and).15 E F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0(does not.)2.5 E F1 +(\214le1)108 490.8 Q F02.5 E F2(ot)A F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 +502.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le1)2.5 E F0(is older than)2.5 E F1(\214le2) +2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(ri)-2.5 G(f)-2.5 E F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 +G(ists and).15 E F1(\214le1)2.5 E F0(does not.)2.5 E F2108 514.8 Q +F1(optname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 526.8 S .263(ue if the shell option).35 +F F1(optname)2.992 E F0 .262(is enabled.)2.942 F .262 +(See the list of options under the description of the)5.262 F F2 +2.762 E F0(option to the)144 538.8 Q F2(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(iltin belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F2108 550.8 Q F1(varname)2.5 E F0 +-.35(Tr)144 562.8 S(ue if the shell v).35 E(ariable)-.25 E F1(varname) +2.79 E F0(is set \(has been assigned a v)2.68 E(alue\).)-.25 E F2 +108 574.8 Q F1(varname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 586.8 S(ue if the shell v) +.35 E(ariable)-.25 E F1(varname)2.79 E F0 +(is set and is a name reference.)2.68 E F2108 598.8 Q F1(string) +2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 610.8 S(ue if the length of).35 E F1(string)2.5 E +F0(is zero.)2.5 E F1(string)108 622.8 Q F2108 634.8 Q F1(string) +2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 646.8 S(ue if the length of).35 E F1(string)2.84 E +F0(is non-zero.)2.72 E F1(string1)108 663.6 Q F2(==)2.5 E F1(string2)2.5 +E(string1)108 675.6 Q F2(=)2.5 E F1(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 687.6 S +.861(ue if the strings are equal.).35 F F2(=)5.861 E F0 .861 +(should be used with the)3.361 F F2(test)3.361 E F0 .862 (command for POSIX conformance.)3.362 F .447(When used with the)144 -592.8 R F1([[)2.946 E F0 .446 +699.6 R F2([[)2.946 E F0 .446 (command, this performs pattern matching as described abo)2.946 F .746 --.15(ve \()-.15 H F1(Compound).15 E(Commands)144 604.8 Q F0(\).)A F2 -(string1)108 621.6 Q F1(!=)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 633.6 S -(ue if the strings are not equal.).35 E F2(string1)108 650.4 Q F1(<)2.5 -E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 662.4 S(ue if).35 E F2(string1)2.5 E -F0(sorts before)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0(le)2.5 E(xicographically)-.15 -E(.)-.65 E F2(string1)108 679.2 Q F1(>)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35 -(Tr)144 691.2 S(ue if).35 E F2(string1)2.5 E F0(sorts after)2.5 E F2 -(string2)2.5 E F0(le)2.5 E(xicographically)-.15 E(.)-.65 E(GNU Bash 4.4) -72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(31)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +-.15(ve \()-.15 H F2(Compound).15 E(Commands)144 711.6 Q F0(\).)A +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(31)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 32 32 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)108.33 84 Q(g1)-.37 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(OP)2.5 -E F1(ar)2.5 E(g2)-.37 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(OP)144 96 Q F0 .385 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(string1)108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(!=)2.5 E F1 +(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 96 S(ue if the strings are not equal.).35 +E F1(string1)108 112.8 Q F2(<)2.5 E F1(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 +124.8 S(ue if).35 E F1(string1)2.5 E F0(sorts before)2.5 E F1(string2) +2.5 E F0(le)2.5 E(xicographically)-.15 E(.)-.65 E F1(string1)108 141.6 Q +F2(>)2.5 E F1(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 153.6 S(ue if).35 E F1 +(string1)2.5 E F0(sorts after)2.5 E F1(string2)2.5 E F0(le)2.5 E +(xicographically)-.15 E(.)-.65 E F1(ar)108.33 170.4 Q(g1)-.37 E F2(OP) +2.5 E F1(ar)2.5 E(g2)-.37 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(OP)144 182.4 Q F0 .385 (is one of)2.634 F F2(\255eq)2.885 E F0(,)A F2(\255ne)2.885 E F0(,)A F2 (\255lt)2.885 E F0(,)A F2(\255le)2.885 E F0(,)A F2(\255gt)2.885 E F0 2.885(,o)C(r)-2.885 E F2(\255ge)2.885 E F0 5.385(.T)C .385 (hese arithmetic binary operators return true if)-5.385 F F1(ar)2.885 E (g1)-.37 E F0 .845(is equal to, not equal to, less than, less than or e\ -qual to, greater than, or greater than or equal to)144 108 R F1(ar)144 -120 Q(g2)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r)C(especti)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.) +qual to, greater than, or greater than or equal to)144 194.4 R F1(ar)144 +206.4 Q(g2)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r)C(especti)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.) -.65 E F1(Ar)6.01 E(g1)-.37 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(ar)2.83 E(g2)-.37 E F0 (may be positi)2.52 E .3 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.5(rn).15 G -2.25 -.15(eg a) -2.5 H(ti).15 E .3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E(gers.)-.15 E/F4 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIMPLE COMMAND EXP)72 136.8 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .613 -(When a simple command is e)108 148.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .614 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIMPLE COMMAND EXP)72 223.2 Q(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .613 +(When a simple command is e)108 235.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .614 (cuted, the shell performs the follo).15 F .614(wing e)-.25 F .614 (xpansions, assignments, and redi-)-.15 F(rections, from left to right.) -108 160.8 Q(1.)108 177.6 Q 1.849(The w)144 177.6 R 1.849 +108 247.2 Q(1.)108 264 Q 1.849(The w)144 264 R 1.849 (ords that the parser has mark)-.1 F 1.848(ed as v)-.1 F 1.848 (ariable assignments \(those preceding the command)-.25 F -(name\) and redirections are sa)144 189.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(df).15 G -(or later processing.)-2.5 E(2.)108 206.4 Q 1.163(The w)144 206.4 R +(name\) and redirections are sa)144 276 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(df).15 G +(or later processing.)-2.5 E(2.)108 292.8 Q 1.163(The w)144 292.8 R 1.163(ords that are not v)-.1 F 1.164 (ariable assignments or redirections are e)-.25 F 3.664(xpanded. If)-.15 F(an)3.664 E 3.664(yw)-.15 G 1.164(ords remain)-3.764 F .776(after e)144 -218.4 R .776(xpansion, the \214rst w)-.15 F .776(ord is tak)-.1 F .775 +304.8 R .776(xpansion, the \214rst w)-.15 F .776(ord is tak)-.1 F .775 (en to be the name of the command and the remaining w)-.1 F(ords)-.1 E -(are the ar)144 230.4 Q(guments.)-.18 E(3.)108 247.2 Q -(Redirections are performed as described abo)144 247.2 Q .3 -.15(ve u) +(are the ar)144 316.8 Q(guments.)-.18 E(3.)108 333.6 Q +(Redirections are performed as described abo)144 333.6 Q .3 -.15(ve u) -.15 H(nder).15 E F3(REDIRECTION)2.5 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(4.) -108 264 Q .716(The te)144 264 R .717(xt after the)-.15 F F2(=)3.217 E F0 -.717(in each v)3.217 F .717(ariable assignment under)-.25 F .717 +108 350.4 Q .716(The te)144 350.4 R .717(xt after the)-.15 F F2(=)3.217 +E F0 .717(in each v)3.217 F .717(ariable assignment under)-.25 F .717 (goes tilde e)-.18 F .717(xpansion, parameter e)-.15 F(xpansion,)-.15 E -.34(command substitution, arithmetic e)144 276 R .339 +.34(command substitution, arithmetic e)144 362.4 R .339 (xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.839(lb).25 G .339 -(efore being assigned to the v)-2.839 F(ari-)-.25 E(able.)144 288 Q .332 -(If no command name results, the v)108 304.8 R .332 +(efore being assigned to the v)-2.839 F(ari-)-.25 E(able.)144 374.4 Q +.332(If no command name results, the v)108 391.2 R .332 (ariable assignments af)-.25 F .332(fect the current shell en)-.25 F -2.833(vironment. Otherwise,)-.4 F(the)2.833 E -.25(va)108 316.8 S .757 +2.833(vironment. Otherwise,)-.4 F(the)2.833 E -.25(va)108 403.2 S .757 (riables are added to the en).25 F .757(vironment of the e)-.4 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G .757(cuted command and do not af).15 F .757 -(fect the current shell en)-.25 F(vi-)-.4 E 3.176(ronment. If)108 328.8 +(fect the current shell en)-.25 F(vi-)-.4 E 3.176(ronment. If)108 415.2 R(an)3.176 E 3.176(yo)-.15 G 3.176(ft)-3.176 G .677 (he assignments attempts to assign a v)-3.176 F .677 (alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .677(ariable, an error occurs, and)-.25 F -(the command e)108 340.8 Q(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 E .15 -(If no command name results, redirections are performed, b)108 357.6 R +(the command e)108 427.2 Q(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 E .15 +(If no command name results, redirections are performed, b)108 444 R .149(ut do not af)-.2 F .149(fect the current shell en)-.25 F 2.649 -(vironment. A)-.4 F(redirection error causes the command to e)108 369.6 -Q(xit with a non-zero status.)-.15 E 1.064 -(If there is a command name left after e)108 386.4 R 1.064(xpansion, e) +(vironment. A)-.4 F(redirection error causes the command to e)108 456 Q +(xit with a non-zero status.)-.15 E 1.064 +(If there is a command name left after e)108 472.8 R 1.064(xpansion, e) -.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.064(cution proceeds as described belo).15 F 4.864 -.65(w. O)-.25 H 1.064(therwise, the).65 F .069(command e)108 -398.4 R 2.569(xits. If)-.15 F .069(one of the e)2.569 F .069 +484.8 R 2.569(xits. If)-.15 F .069(one of the e)2.569 F .069 (xpansions contained a command substitution, the e)-.15 F .068 -(xit status of the command)-.15 F .466(is the e)108 410.4 R .466 +(xit status of the command)-.15 F .466(is the e)108 496.8 R .466 (xit status of the last command substitution performed.)-.15 F .467 -(If there were no command substitutions, the)5.466 F(command e)108 422.4 -Q(xits with a status of zero.)-.15 E F4(COMMAND EXECUTION)72 439.2 Q F0 -.547(After a command has been split into w)108 451.2 R .546 +(If there were no command substitutions, the)5.466 F(command e)108 508.8 +Q(xits with a status of zero.)-.15 E F4(COMMAND EXECUTION)72 525.6 Q F0 +.547(After a command has been split into w)108 537.6 R .546 (ords, if it results in a simple command and an optional list of ar)-.1 -F(gu-)-.18 E(ments, the follo)108 463.2 Q(wing actions are tak)-.25 E +F(gu-)-.18 E(ments, the follo)108 549.6 Q(wing actions are tak)-.25 E (en.)-.1 E .379(If the command name contains no slashes, the shell atte\ -mpts to locate it.)108 480 R .379(If there e)5.379 F .379 +mpts to locate it.)108 566.4 R .379(If there e)5.379 F .379 (xists a shell function by)-.15 F .246(that name, that function is in) -108 492 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.746(da).1 G 2.746(sd)-2.746 G .246 -(escribed abo)-2.746 F .546 -.15(ve i)-.15 H(n).15 E F3(FUNCTIONS)2.746 -E F5(.)A F0 .246(If the name does not match a func-)4.746 F -(tion, the shell searches for it in the list of shell b)108 504 Q 2.5 +108 578.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.746(da).1 G 2.746(sd)-2.746 G +.246(escribed abo)-2.746 F .546 -.15(ve i)-.15 H(n).15 E F3(FUNCTIONS) +2.746 E F5(.)A F0 .246(If the name does not match a func-)4.746 F +(tion, the shell searches for it in the list of shell b)108 590.4 Q 2.5 (uiltins. If)-.2 F 2.5(am)2.5 G(atch is found, that b)-2.5 E (uiltin is in)-.2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .309 -(If the name is neither a shell function nor a b)108 520.8 R .31 +(If the name is neither a shell function nor a b)108 607.2 R .31 (uiltin, and contains no slashes,)-.2 F F2(bash)2.81 E F0 .31 -(searches each element of)2.81 F(the)108 532.8 Q F3 -.666(PA)3.163 G(TH) +(searches each element of)2.81 F(the)108 619.2 Q F3 -.666(PA)3.163 G(TH) -.189 E F0 .662(for a directory containing an e)2.913 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .662(cutable \214le by that name.).15 F F2(Bash)5.662 E F0 .662 (uses a hash table to remember)3.162 F 1.914(the full pathnames of e)108 -544.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.915(cutable \214les \(see).15 F F2(hash)4.415 E +631.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.915(cutable \214les \(see).15 F F2(hash)4.415 E F0(under)4.415 E F3 1.915(SHELL B)4.415 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.915(TIN COMMANDS) -.828 F F0(belo)4.165 E 4.415(w\). A)-.25 F(full)4.415 E .72 -(search of the directories in)108 556.8 R F3 -.666(PA)3.22 G(TH)-.189 E +(search of the directories in)108 643.2 R F3 -.666(PA)3.22 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .719 (is performed only if the command is not found in the hash table.)2.97 F .719(If the)5.719 F .956(search is unsuccessful, the shell searches for\ - a de\214ned shell function named)108 568.8 R F2(command_not_f)3.456 E -(ound_han-)-.25 E(dle)108 580.8 Q F0 5.278(.I)C 2.778(ft)-5.278 G .278 + a de\214ned shell function named)108 655.2 R F2(command_not_f)3.456 E +(ound_han-)-.25 E(dle)108 667.2 Q F0 5.278(.I)C 2.778(ft)-5.278 G .278 (hat function e)-2.778 F .278(xists, it is in)-.15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 (ke).2 G 2.778(dw).1 G .277 (ith the original command and the original command')-2.778 F 2.777(sa) --.55 G -.18(rg)-2.777 G(uments).18 E .775(as its ar)108 592.8 R .775 +-.55 G -.18(rg)-2.777 G(uments).18 E .775(as its ar)108 679.2 R .775 (guments, and the function')-.18 F 3.275(se)-.55 G .775 (xit status becomes the e)-3.425 F .775(xit status of the shell.)-.15 F .776(If that function is not)5.776 F -(de\214ned, the shell prints an error message and returns an e)108 604.8 +(de\214ned, the shell prints an error message and returns an e)108 691.2 Q(xit status of 127.)-.15 E 1.089(If the search is successful, or if th\ -e command name contains one or more slashes, the shell e)108 621.6 R --.15(xe)-.15 G 1.089(cutes the).15 F .197(named program in a separate e) -108 633.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .197(cution en).15 F 2.698(vironment. Ar)-.4 -F .198(gument 0 is set to the name gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .198 -(n, and the remain-).15 F(ing ar)108 645.6 Q -(guments to the command are set to the ar)-.18 E(guments gi)-.18 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(n, if an).15 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.809(If this e)108 662.4 R +e command name contains one or more slashes, the shell e)108 708 R -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 1.089(cutes the).15 F 2.31(named program in a separate e)108 +720 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.31(cution en).15 F 4.81(vironment. Ar)-.4 F 2.31 +(gument 0 is set to the name gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.31(n, and the) +.15 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(32)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 33 33 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(remaining ar)108 +84 Q(guments to the command are set to the ar)-.18 E(guments gi)-.18 E +-.15(ve)-.25 G(n, if an).15 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.809(If this e)108 100.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.809(cution f).15 F 1.809 (ails because the \214le is not in e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.809 (cutable format, and the \214le is not a directory).15 F 4.309(,i)-.65 G -4.309(ti)-4.309 G(s)-4.309 E .677(assumed to be a)108 674.4 R F1 .678 -(shell script)3.177 F F0 3.178(,a\214)C .678 +4.309(ti)-4.309 G(s)-4.309 E .677(assumed to be a)108 112.8 R/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF .678(shell script)3.177 F F0 3.178(,a\214)C .678 (le containing shell commands.)-3.178 F 3.178(As)5.678 G .678 (ubshell is spa)-3.178 F .678(wned to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .678 (cute it.).15 F(This)5.678 E .33 -(subshell reinitializes itself, so that the ef)108 686.4 R .33 +(subshell reinitializes itself, so that the ef)108 124.8 R .33 (fect is as if a ne)-.25 F 2.829(ws)-.25 G .329(hell had been in)-2.829 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.829(dt).1 G 2.829(oh)-2.829 G .329 -(andle the script, with)-2.829 F 1.219(the e)108 698.4 R 1.219 +(andle the script, with)-2.829 F 1.219(the e)108 136.8 R 1.219 (xception that the locations of commands remembered by the parent \(see) --.15 F F2(hash)3.719 E F0(belo)3.719 E 3.719(wu)-.25 G(nder)-3.719 E F3 -(SHELL)3.719 E -.09(BU)108 710.4 S(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F5(\))A -F0(are retained by the child.)2.25 E 1.375 -(If the program is a \214le be)108 727.2 R 1.374(ginning with)-.15 F F2 -(#!)3.874 E F0 3.874(,t)C 1.374 -(he remainder of the \214rst line speci\214es an interpreter for the) --3.874 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(32)198.445 E 0 Cg -EP -%%Page: 33 33 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 3.992 -(program. The)108 84 R 1.492(shell e)3.992 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.493(cutes\ - the speci\214ed interpreter on operating systems that do not handle th\ -is e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E .003(cutable format themselv)108 96 R -2.503(es. The)-.15 F(ar)2.503 E .003 -(guments to the interpreter consist of a single optional ar)-.18 F .002 -(gument follo)-.18 F(wing)-.25 E .296 -(the interpreter name on the \214rst line of the program, follo)108 108 -R .297(wed by the name of the program, follo)-.25 F .297(wed by the)-.25 -F(command ar)108 120 Q(guments, if an)-.18 E -.65(y.)-.15 G/F1 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMMAND EXECUTION ENVIR)72 136.8 Q(ONMENT)-.329 E F0 -(The shell has an)108 148.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G -(ecution en).2 E(vir)-.4 E(onment)-.45 E F0 2.5(,w)C -(hich consists of the follo)-2.5 E(wing:)-.25 E<83>108 165.6 Q 1.406 -(open \214les inherited by the shell at in)144 165.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -1.405(cation, as modi\214ed by redirections supplied to the).2 F/F3 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(exec)3.905 E F0 -.2(bu)144 177.6 S(iltin).2 E<83>108 -194.4 Q(the current w)144 194.4 Q(orking directory as set by)-.1 E F3 -(cd)2.5 E F0(,)A F3(pushd)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(r)-2.5 E F3(popd)2.5 E F0 -2.5(,o)C 2.5(ri)-2.5 G(nherited by the shell at in)-2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -(cation).2 E<83>108 211.2 Q(the \214le creation mode mask as set by)144 -211.2 Q F3(umask)2.5 E F0(or inherited from the shell')2.5 E 2.5(sp)-.55 -G(arent)-2.5 E<83>108 228 Q(current traps set by)144 228 Q F3(trap)2.5 E -F0<83>108 244.8 Q .256(shell parameters that are set by v)144 244.8 R -.256(ariable assignment or with)-.25 F F3(set)2.756 E F0 .257 +-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(hash)3.719 E F0(belo)3.719 E 3.719(wu)-.25 +G(nder)-3.719 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL)3.719 E -.09(BU)108 148.8 S +(IL).09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(\))A F0 +(are retained by the child.)2.25 E .348(If the program is a \214le be) +108 165.6 R .348(ginning with)-.15 F F2(#!)2.848 E F0 2.848(,t)C .347(h\ +e remainder of the \214rst line speci\214es an interpreter for the pro-) +-2.848 F 3.178(gram. The)108 177.6 R .678(shell e)3.178 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +.678(cutes the speci\214ed interpreter on operating systems that do not\ + handle this e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutable).15 E 1.193(format themselv) +108 189.6 R 3.693(es. The)-.15 F(ar)3.693 E 1.193 +(guments to the interpreter consist of a single optional ar)-.18 F 1.192 +(gument follo)-.18 F 1.192(wing the)-.25 F 1.13 +(interpreter name on the \214rst line of the program, follo)108 201.6 R +1.131(wed by the name of the program, follo)-.25 F 1.131(wed by the)-.25 +F(command ar)108 213.6 Q(guments, if an)-.18 E -.65(y.)-.15 G/F5 10.95 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMMAND EXECUTION ENVIR)72 230.4 Q(ONMENT)-.329 E F0 +(The shell has an)108 242.4 Q F1 -.2(ex)2.5 G(ecution en).2 E(vir)-.4 E +(onment)-.45 E F0 2.5(,w)C(hich consists of the follo)-2.5 E(wing:)-.25 +E<83>108 259.2 Q 1.406(open \214les inherited by the shell at in)144 +259.2 R -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.405 +(cation, as modi\214ed by redirections supplied to the).2 F F2(exec) +3.905 E F0 -.2(bu)144 271.2 S(iltin).2 E<83>108 288 Q(the current w)144 +288 Q(orking directory as set by)-.1 E F2(cd)2.5 E F0(,)A F2(pushd)2.5 E +F0 2.5(,o)C(r)-2.5 E F2(popd)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(ri)-2.5 G +(nherited by the shell at in)-2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation).2 E<83>108 +304.8 Q(the \214le creation mode mask as set by)144 304.8 Q F2(umask)2.5 +E F0(or inherited from the shell')2.5 E 2.5(sp)-.55 G(arent)-2.5 E<83> +108 321.6 Q(current traps set by)144 321.6 Q F2(trap)2.5 E F0<83>108 +338.4 Q .256(shell parameters that are set by v)144 338.4 R .256 +(ariable assignment or with)-.25 F F2(set)2.756 E F0 .257 (or inherited from the shell')2.756 F 2.757(sp)-.55 G(arent)-2.757 E -(in the en)144 256.8 Q(vironment)-.4 E<83>108 273.6 Q -(shell functions de\214ned during e)144 273.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(in the en)144 350.4 Q(vironment)-.4 E<83>108 367.2 Q +(shell functions de\214ned during e)144 367.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G (cution or inherited from the shell').15 E 2.5(sp)-.55 G -(arent in the en)-2.5 E(vironment)-.4 E<83>108 290.4 Q -(options enabled at in)144 290.4 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation \(either by def) -.2 E(ault or with command-line ar)-.1 E(guments\) or by)-.18 E F3(set) -2.5 E F0<83>108 307.2 Q(options enabled by)144 307.2 Q F3(shopt)2.5 E F0 -<83>108 324 Q(shell aliases de\214ned with)144 324 Q F3(alias)2.5 E F0 -<83>108 340.8 Q -.25(va)144 340.8 S +(arent in the en)-2.5 E(vironment)-.4 E<83>108 384 Q +(options enabled at in)144 384 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation \(either by def).2 +E(ault or with command-line ar)-.1 E(guments\) or by)-.18 E F2(set)2.5 E +F0<83>108 400.8 Q(options enabled by)144 400.8 Q F2(shopt)2.5 E F0<83> +108 417.6 Q(shell aliases de\214ned with)144 417.6 Q F2(alias)2.5 E F0 +<83>108 434.4 Q -.25(va)144 434.4 S (rious process IDs, including those of background jobs, the v).25 E -(alue of)-.25 E F3($$)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd the v)-2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E -/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PPID)2.5 E F0 .427 -(When a simple command other than a b)108 357.6 R .426 -(uiltin or shell function is to be e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .426 +(alue of)-.25 E F2($$)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd the v)-2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E +F3(PPID)2.5 E F0 .427(When a simple command other than a b)108 451.2 R +.426(uiltin or shell function is to be e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .426 (cuted, it is in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.926(di).1 G 2.926(nas) --2.926 G(eparate)-2.926 E -.15(exe)108 369.6 S .133(cution en).15 F .133 +-2.926 G(eparate)-2.926 E -.15(exe)108 463.2 S .133(cution en).15 F .133 (vironment that consists of the follo)-.4 F 2.634(wing. Unless)-.25 F .134(otherwise noted, the v)2.634 F .134(alues are inherited from)-.25 F -(the shell.)108 381.6 Q<83>108 398.4 Q 1.056(the shell')144 398.4 R -3.556(so)-.55 G 1.056(pen \214les, plus an)-3.556 F 3.556(ym)-.15 G -1.056 +(the shell.)108 475.2 Q<83>108 492 Q 1.056(the shell')144 492 R 3.556 +(so)-.55 G 1.056(pen \214les, plus an)-3.556 F 3.556(ym)-.15 G 1.056 (odi\214cations and additions speci\214ed by redirections to the com-) --3.556 F(mand)144 410.4 Q<83>108 427.2 Q(the current w)144 427.2 Q -(orking directory)-.1 E<83>108 444 Q(the \214le creation mode mask)144 -444 Q<83>108 460.8 Q .856(shell v)144 460.8 R .857 +-3.556 F(mand)144 504 Q<83>108 520.8 Q(the current w)144 520.8 Q +(orking directory)-.1 E<83>108 537.6 Q(the \214le creation mode mask)144 +537.6 Q<83>108 554.4 Q .856(shell v)144 554.4 R .857 (ariables and functions mark)-.25 F .857(ed for e)-.1 F .857 (xport, along with v)-.15 F .857(ariables e)-.25 F .857 -(xported for the command,)-.15 F(passed in the en)144 472.8 Q(vironment) --.4 E<83>108 489.6 Q .307(traps caught by the shell are reset to the v) -144 489.6 R .306(alues inherited from the shell')-.25 F 2.806(sp)-.55 G +(xported for the command,)-.15 F(passed in the en)144 566.4 Q(vironment) +-.4 E<83>108 583.2 Q .307(traps caught by the shell are reset to the v) +144 583.2 R .306(alues inherited from the shell')-.25 F 2.806(sp)-.55 G .306(arent, and traps ignored)-2.806 F(by the shell are ignored)144 -501.6 Q 2.5(Ac)108 518.4 S(ommand in)-2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5 +595.2 Q 2.5(Ac)108 612 S(ommand in)-2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5 (di).1 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(his separate en)-2.5 E(vironment cannot af)-.4 E (fect the shell')-.25 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15(xe)-2.65 G(cution en).15 E (vironment.)-.4 E .577(Command substitution, commands grouped with pare\ -ntheses, and asynchronous commands are in)108 535.2 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 -(ke).2 G 3.078(di).1 G(n)-3.078 E 2.745(as)108 547.2 S .245(ubshell en) +ntheses, and asynchronous commands are in)108 628.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 +(ke).2 G 3.078(di).1 G(n)-3.078 E 2.745(as)108 640.8 S .245(ubshell en) -2.745 F .245(vironment that is a duplicate of the shell en)-.4 F .244 (vironment, e)-.4 F .244(xcept that traps caught by the shell are)-.15 F -.358(reset to the v)108 559.2 R .358 +.358(reset to the v)108 652.8 R .358 (alues that the shell inherited from its parent at in)-.25 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 2.858(cation. Builtin).2 F .359(commands that are in)2.859 F -.2(vo) --.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E .857(as part of a pipeline are also e)108 571.2 +-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E .857(as part of a pipeline are also e)108 664.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .856(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 3.356 (vironment. Changes)-.4 F .856(made to the subshell en)3.356 F(viron-) --.4 E(ment cannot af)108 583.2 Q(fect the shell')-.25 E 2.5(se)-.55 G +-.4 E(ment cannot af)108 676.8 Q(fect the shell')-.25 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15(xe)-2.65 G(cution en).15 E(vironment.)-.4 E 1.376(Subshells spa)108 -600 R 1.376(wned to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.377 +693.6 R 1.376(wned to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.377 (cute command substitutions inherit the v).15 F 1.377(alue of the)-.25 F -F33.877 E F0 1.377(option from the parent)3.877 F 2.5(shell. When) -108 612 R(not in)2.5 E F2(posix)2.5 E F0(mode,)2.5 E F3(bash)2.5 E F0 -(clears the)2.5 E F32.5 E F0(option in such subshells.)2.5 E .405 -(If a command is follo)108 628.8 R .405(wed by a)-.25 F F3(&)2.905 E F0 +F23.877 E F0 1.377(option from the parent)3.877 F 2.5(shell. When) +108 705.6 R(not in)2.5 E F1(posix)2.5 E F0(mode,)2.5 E F2(bash)2.5 E F0 +(clears the)2.5 E F22.5 E F0(option in such subshells.)2.5 E .405 +(If a command is follo)108 722.4 R .405(wed by a)-.25 F F2(&)2.905 E F0 .404(and job control is not acti)2.905 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.904(,t).15 G -.404(he def)-2.904 F .404(ault standard input for the command)-.1 F .197 -(is the empty \214le)108 640.8 R F2(/de)2.697 E(v/null)-.15 E F0 5.197 -(.O)C .197(therwise, the in)-5.197 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.697(dc) -.1 G .198(ommand inherits the \214le descriptors of the calling shell) --2.697 F(as modi\214ed by redirections.)108 652.8 Q F1(ENVIR)72 669.6 Q -(ONMENT)-.329 E F0 2.354(When a program is in)108 681.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G --.1(ke).2 G 4.853(di).1 G 4.853(ti)-4.853 G 4.853(sg)-4.853 G -2.15 -.25 -(iv e)-4.853 H 4.853(na).25 G 4.853(na)-4.853 G 2.353 -(rray of strings called the)-4.853 F F2(en)4.853 E(vir)-.4 E(onment)-.45 -E F0 7.353(.T).68 G 2.353(his is a list of)-7.353 F F2(name)108 693.6 Q -F0A F2(value)A F0(pairs, of the form)2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(=)A F2 -(value)A F0(.).18 E 1.485(The shell pro)108 710.4 R 1.485(vides se)-.15 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.485(ral w).15 F 1.485(ays to manipulate the en)-.1 F -3.985(vironment. On)-.4 F(in)3.985 E -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.486 -(cation, the shell scans its o).2 F(wn)-.25 E(en)108 722.4 Q 1.431(viro\ -nment and creates a parameter for each name found, automatically markin\ -g it for)-.4 F F2 -.2(ex)3.93 G(port).2 E F0 1.43(to child)4.61 F -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(33)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +.404(he def)-2.904 F .404(ault standard input for the command)-.1 F +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(33)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 34 34 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 4.177 -(processes. Ex)108 84 R 1.677(ecuted commands inherit the en)-.15 F -4.177(vironment. The)-.4 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(export)4.178 E F0(and) -4.178 E F1(declar)4.178 E 4.178<65ad>-.18 G(x)-4.178 E F0 1.678 -(commands allo)4.178 F(w)-.25 E .647 -(parameters and functions to be added to and deleted from the en)108 96 -R 3.147(vironment. If)-.4 F .646(the v)3.146 F .646 -(alue of a parameter in)-.25 F .513(the en)108 108 R .513 -(vironment is modi\214ed, the ne)-.4 F 3.013(wv)-.25 G .513 -(alue becomes part of the en)-3.263 F .513 -(vironment, replacing the old.)-.4 F .514(The en)5.514 F(vi-)-.4 E .523 -(ronment inherited by an)108 120 R 3.022(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-3.172 G .522 -(cuted command consists of the shell').15 F 3.022(si)-.55 G .522 -(nitial en)-3.022 F .522(vironment, whose v)-.4 F .522(alues may)-.25 F -.578(be modi\214ed in the shell, less an)108 132 R 3.078(yp)-.15 G .578 -(airs remo)-3.078 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.078(db).15 G 3.078(yt)-3.078 G(he) --3.078 E F1(unset)3.078 E F0 .579(command, plus an)3.078 F 3.079(ya)-.15 -G .579(dditions via the)-3.079 F F1(export)3.079 E F0(and)108 144 Q F1 -(declar)2.5 E 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.5 E F0(commands.)2.5 E .563(The en) -108 160.8 R .563(vironment for an)-.4 F(y)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.563(simple command)3.403 F F0 .562 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .197 +(is the empty \214le)108 84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(/de)2.697 E +(v/null)-.15 E F0 5.197(.O)C .197(therwise, the in)-5.197 F -.2(vo)-.4 G +-.1(ke).2 G 2.697(dc).1 G .198 +(ommand inherits the \214le descriptors of the calling shell)-2.697 F +(as modi\214ed by redirections.)108 96 Q/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(ENVIR) +72 112.8 Q(ONMENT)-.329 E F0 2.354(When a program is in)108 124.8 R -.2 +(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 4.853(di).1 G 4.853(ti)-4.853 G 4.853(sg)-4.853 G +-2.15 -.25(iv e)-4.853 H 4.853(na).25 G 4.853(na)-4.853 G 2.353 +(rray of strings called the)-4.853 F F1(en)4.853 E(vir)-.4 E(onment)-.45 +E F0 7.353(.T).68 G 2.353(his is a list of)-7.353 F F1(name)108 136.8 Q +F0A F1(value)A F0(pairs, of the form)2.5 E F1(name)2.5 E F0(=)A F1 +(value)A F0(.).18 E 1.485(The shell pro)108 153.6 R 1.485(vides se)-.15 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.485(ral w).15 F 1.485(ays to manipulate the en)-.1 F +3.985(vironment. On)-.4 F(in)3.985 E -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.486 +(cation, the shell scans its o).2 F(wn)-.25 E(en)108 165.6 Q .144(viron\ +ment and creates a parameter for each name found, automatically marking\ + it for)-.4 F F1 -.2(ex)2.643 G(port).2 E F0 .143(to child pro-)3.323 F +2.703(cesses. Ex)108 177.6 R .203(ecuted commands inherit the en)-.15 F +2.703(vironment. The)-.4 F/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(export)2.703 E F0(and) +2.703 E F3(declar)2.703 E 2.703<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.703 E F0 .203 +(commands allo)2.703 F 2.704(wp)-.25 G(aram-)-2.704 E 1.153 +(eters and functions to be added to and deleted from the en)108 189.6 R +3.653(vironment. If)-.4 F 1.153(the v)3.653 F 1.153 +(alue of a parameter in the)-.25 F(en)108 201.6 Q .64 +(vironment is modi\214ed, the ne)-.4 F 3.14(wv)-.25 G .64 +(alue becomes part of the en)-3.39 F .64(vironment, replacing the old.) +-.4 F .64(The en)5.64 F(viron-)-.4 E .58(ment inherited by an)108 213.6 +R 3.08(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-3.23 G .58 +(cuted command consists of the shell').15 F 3.08(si)-.55 G .58 +(nitial en)-3.08 F .58(vironment, whose v)-.4 F .58(alues may be)-.25 F +.3(modi\214ed in the shell, less an)108 225.6 R 2.8(yp)-.15 G .3 +(airs remo)-2.8 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.8(db).15 G 2.801(yt)-2.8 G(he)-2.801 +E F3(unset)2.801 E F0 .301(command, plus an)2.801 F 2.801(ya)-.15 G .301 +(dditions via the)-2.801 F F3(export)2.801 E F0(and)2.801 E F3(declar) +108 237.6 Q 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.5 E F0(commands.)2.5 E .563(The en)108 +254.4 R .563(vironment for an)-.4 F(y)-.15 E F1 .563(simple command) +3.403 F F0 .562 (or function may be augmented temporarily by pre\214xing it with)3.833 F -.202(parameter assignments, as described abo)108 172.8 R .502 -.15(ve i) --.15 H(n).15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.702 G(RAMETERS).666 E/F4 +.202(parameter assignments, as described abo)108 266.4 R .502 -.15(ve i) +-.15 H(n).15 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.702 G(RAMETERS).666 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .202(These assignment statements af)4.702 F -.203(fect only the)-.25 F(en)108 184.8 Q -(vironment seen by that command.)-.4 E .81(If the)108 201.6 R F1 -3.31 E F0 .81(option is set \(see the)3.31 F F1(set)3.31 E F0 -.2(bu) -3.31 G .81(iltin command belo).2 F .81(w\), then)-.25 F F2(all)3.64 E F0 -.81(parameter assignments are placed in)3.82 F(the en)108 213.6 Q +.203(fect only the)-.25 F(en)108 278.4 Q +(vironment seen by that command.)-.4 E .81(If the)108 295.2 R F3 +3.31 E F0 .81(option is set \(see the)3.31 F F3(set)3.31 E F0 -.2(bu) +3.31 G .81(iltin command belo).2 F .81(w\), then)-.25 F F1(all)3.64 E F0 +.81(parameter assignments are placed in)3.82 F(the en)108 307.2 Q (vironment for a command, not just those that precede the command name.) --.4 E(When)108 230.4 Q F1(bash)3.585 E F0(in)3.585 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 -(ke).2 G 3.585(sa).1 G 3.585(ne)-3.585 G 1.085(xternal command, the v) --3.735 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(_)3.585 E F0 1.086 +-.4 E(When)108 324 Q F3(bash)3.585 E F0(in)3.585 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke) +.2 G 3.585(sa).1 G 3.585(ne)-3.585 G 1.085(xternal command, the v)-3.735 +F(ariable)-.25 E F3(_)3.585 E F0 1.086 (is set to the full \214lename of the command and)3.586 F -(passed to that command in its en)108 242.4 Q(vironment.)-.4 E/F5 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXIT ST)72 259.2 Q -1.04(AT)-.986 G(US)1.04 E F0 .151 -(The e)108 271.2 R .151(xit status of an e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .151 -(cuted command is the v).15 F .15(alue returned by the)-.25 F F2 -(waitpid)2.65 E F0 .15(system call or equi)2.65 F -.25(va)-.25 G .15 -(lent func-).25 F 2.847(tion. Exit)108 283.2 R .347(statuses f)2.847 F -.347(all between 0 and 255, though, as e)-.1 F .347(xplained belo)-.15 F +(passed to that command in its en)108 336 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F2(EXIT ST) +72 352.8 Q -1.04(AT)-.986 G(US)1.04 E F0 .151(The e)108 364.8 R .151 +(xit status of an e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .151(cuted command is the v) +.15 F .15(alue returned by the)-.25 F F1(waitpid)2.65 E F0 .15 +(system call or equi)2.65 F -.25(va)-.25 G .15(lent func-).25 F 2.847 +(tion. Exit)108 376.8 R .347(statuses f)2.847 F .347 +(all between 0 and 255, though, as e)-.1 F .347(xplained belo)-.15 F 1.647 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .347(he shell may use v).65 F .348(alues abo)-.25 -F .648 -.15(ve 1)-.15 H(25).15 E(specially)108 295.2 Q 5.507(.E)-.65 G +F .648 -.15(ve 1)-.15 H(25).15 E(specially)108 388.8 Q 5.507(.E)-.65 G .507(xit statuses from shell b)-5.507 F .507 (uiltins and compound commands are also limited to this range.)-.2 F (Under)5.506 E(certain circumstances, the shell will use special v)108 -307.2 Q(alues to indicate speci\214c f)-.25 E(ailure modes.)-.1 E -.15 -(Fo)108 324 S 3.372(rt).15 G .872(he shell')-3.372 F 3.372(sp)-.55 G +400.8 Q(alues to indicate speci\214c f)-.25 E(ailure modes.)-.1 E -.15 +(Fo)108 417.6 S 3.372(rt).15 G .872(he shell')-3.372 F 3.372(sp)-.55 G .873(urposes, a command which e)-3.372 F .873(xits with a zero e)-.15 F .873(xit status has succeeded.)-.15 F .873(An e)5.873 F .873 -(xit status of)-.15 F .049(zero indicates success.)108 336 R 2.549(An) +(xit status of)-.15 F .049(zero indicates success.)108 429.6 R 2.549(An) 5.049 G .049(on-zero e)-2.549 F .049(xit status indicates f)-.15 F 2.549 (ailure. When)-.1 F 2.549(ac)2.549 G .048(ommand terminates on a f) --2.549 F .048(atal sig-)-.1 F(nal)108 348 Q F2(N)2.5 E F0(,)A F1(bash) -2.5 E F0(uses the v)2.5 E(alue of 128+)-.25 E F2(N)A F0(as the e)2.5 E +-2.549 F .048(atal sig-)-.1 F(nal)108 441.6 Q F1(N)2.5 E F0(,)A F3(bash) +2.5 E F0(uses the v)2.5 E(alue of 128+)-.25 E F1(N)A F0(as the e)2.5 E (xit status.)-.15 E .404 -(If a command is not found, the child process created to e)108 364.8 R +(If a command is not found, the child process created to e)108 458.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .404(cute it returns a status of 127.).15 F .405 -(If a command is)5.405 F(found b)108 376.8 Q(ut is not e)-.2 E -.15(xe) --.15 G(cutable, the return status is 126.).15 E(If a command f)108 393.6 +(If a command is)5.405 F(found b)108 470.4 Q(ut is not e)-.2 E -.15(xe) +-.15 G(cutable, the return status is 126.).15 E(If a command f)108 487.2 Q(ails because of an error during e)-.1 E (xpansion or redirection, the e)-.15 E(xit status is greater than zero.) --.15 E .081(Shell b)108 410.4 R .081 -(uiltin commands return a status of 0 \()-.2 F F2(true)A F0 2.581(\)i)C -2.581(fs)-2.581 G .08(uccessful, and non-zero \()-2.581 F F2(false)A F0 +-.15 E .081(Shell b)108 504 R .081 +(uiltin commands return a status of 0 \()-.2 F F1(true)A F0 2.581(\)i)C +2.581(fs)-2.581 G .08(uccessful, and non-zero \()-2.581 F F1(false)A F0 2.58(\)i)C 2.58(fa)-2.58 G 2.58(ne)-2.58 G .08(rror occurs while)-2.58 F -(the)108 422.4 Q 2.967(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-3.117 G 2.967(cute. All).15 F +(the)108 516 Q 2.967(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-3.117 G 2.967(cute. All).15 F -.2(bu)2.967 G .467(iltins return an e).2 F .468 (xit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage, generally in)-.15 F -.25 -(va)-.4 G .468(lid options or).25 F(missing ar)108 434.4 Q(guments.)-.18 -E F1(Bash)108 451.2 Q F0 .202(itself returns the e)2.702 F .202 +(va)-.4 G .468(lid options or).25 F(missing ar)108 528 Q(guments.)-.18 E +F3(Bash)108 544.8 Q F0 .202(itself returns the e)2.702 F .202 (xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .201 -(cuted, unless a syntax error occurs, in which case).15 F(it e)108 463.2 -Q(xits with a non-zero v)-.15 E 2.5(alue. See)-.25 F(also the)2.5 E F1 -(exit)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F5 -(SIGN)72 480 Q(ALS)-.219 E F0(When)108 492 Q F1(bash)3.182 E F0 .682 +(cuted, unless a syntax error occurs, in which case).15 F(it e)108 556.8 +Q(xits with a non-zero v)-.15 E 2.5(alue. See)-.25 F(also the)2.5 E F3 +(exit)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F2 +(SIGN)72 573.6 Q(ALS)-.219 E F0(When)108 585.6 Q F3(bash)3.182 E F0 .682 (is interacti)3.182 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.182(,i).15 G 3.182(nt)-3.182 G .682(he absence of an)-3.182 F 3.183(yt)-.15 G .683(raps, it ignores) --3.183 F F3(SIGTERM)3.183 E F0 .683(\(so that)2.933 F F1 .683(kill 0) -3.183 F F0 .683(does not kill an)3.183 F(interacti)108 504 Q .758 -.15 -(ve s)-.25 H .458(hell\), and).15 F F3(SIGINT)2.958 E F0 .458 -(is caught and handled \(so that the)2.708 F F1(wait)2.958 E F0 -.2(bu) +-3.183 F F4(SIGTERM)3.183 E F0 .683(\(so that)2.933 F F3 .683(kill 0) +3.183 F F0 .683(does not kill an)3.183 F(interacti)108 597.6 Q .758 -.15 +(ve s)-.25 H .458(hell\), and).15 F F4(SIGINT)2.958 E F0 .458 +(is caught and handled \(so that the)2.708 F F3(wait)2.958 E F0 -.2(bu) 2.958 G .457(iltin is interruptible\).).2 F .457(In all cases,)5.457 F -F1(bash)108 516 Q F0(ignores)2.5 E F3(SIGQ)2.5 E(UIT)-.09 E F4(.)A F0 -(If job control is in ef)4.5 E(fect,)-.25 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(ignores)2.5 -E F3(SIGTTIN)2.5 E F4(,)A F3(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.25 -E F3(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F4(.)A F0(Non-b)108 532.8 Q 1.064 -(uiltin commands run by)-.2 F F1(bash)3.564 E F0(ha)3.564 E 1.365 -.15 +F3(bash)108 609.6 Q F0(ignores)2.5 E F4(SIGQ)2.5 E(UIT)-.09 E F5(.)A F0 +(If job control is in ef)4.5 E(fect,)-.25 E F3(bash)2.5 E F0(ignores)2.5 +E F4(SIGTTIN)2.5 E F5(,)A F4(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F5(,)A F0(and)2.25 +E F4(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F5(.)A F0(Non-b)108 626.4 Q 1.064 +(uiltin commands run by)-.2 F F3(bash)3.564 E F0(ha)3.564 E 1.365 -.15 (ve s)-.2 H 1.065(ignal handlers set to the v).15 F 1.065 (alues inherited by the shell from its)-.25 F 3.248(parent. When)108 -544.8 R .748(job control is not in ef)3.248 F .747 -(fect, asynchronous commands ignore)-.25 F F3(SIGINT)3.247 E F0(and) -2.997 E F3(SIGQ)3.247 E(UIT)-.09 E F0 .747(in addi-)2.997 F .652 -(tion to these inherited handlers.)108 556.8 R .653 +638.4 R .748(job control is not in ef)3.248 F .747 +(fect, asynchronous commands ignore)-.25 F F4(SIGINT)3.247 E F0(and) +2.997 E F4(SIGQ)3.247 E(UIT)-.09 E F0 .747(in addi-)2.997 F .652 +(tion to these inherited handlers.)108 650.4 R .653 (Commands run as a result of command substitution ignore the k)5.652 F --.15(ey)-.1 G(board-).15 E(generated job control signals)108 568.8 Q F3 -(SIGTTIN)2.5 E F4(,)A F3(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F3 -(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F4(.)A F0 2.046(The shell e)108 585.6 R 2.046 -(xits by def)-.15 F 2.045(ault upon receipt of a)-.1 F F3(SIGHUP)4.545 E -F4(.)A F0 2.045(Before e)6.545 F 2.045(xiting, an interacti)-.15 F 2.345 --.15(ve s)-.25 H 2.045(hell resends the).15 F F3(SIGHUP)108 597.6 Q F0 +-.15(ey)-.1 G(board-).15 E(generated job control signals)108 662.4 Q F4 +(SIGTTIN)2.5 E F5(,)A F4(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F5(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F4 +(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F5(.)A F0 2.046(The shell e)108 679.2 R 2.046 +(xits by def)-.15 F 2.045(ault upon receipt of a)-.1 F F4(SIGHUP)4.545 E +F5(.)A F0 2.045(Before e)6.545 F 2.045(xiting, an interacti)-.15 F 2.345 +-.15(ve s)-.25 H 2.045(hell resends the).15 F F4(SIGHUP)108 691.2 Q F0 1.004(to all jobs, running or stopped.)3.254 F 1.004 -(Stopped jobs are sent)6.004 F F3(SIGCONT)3.505 E F0 1.005 +(Stopped jobs are sent)6.004 F F4(SIGCONT)3.505 E F0 1.005 (to ensure that the)3.255 F 3.505(yr)-.15 G(ecei)-3.505 E 1.305 -.15 -(ve t)-.25 H(he).15 E F3(SIGHUP)108 609.6 Q F4(.)A F0 2.53 -.8(To p)5.43 +(ve t)-.25 H(he).15 E F4(SIGHUP)108 703.2 Q F5(.)A F0 2.53 -.8(To p)5.43 H(re).8 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .93(nt the shell from sending the signal to a \ particular job, it should be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.429(df).15 G -.929(rom the)-3.429 F 1.356(jobs table with the)108 621.6 R F1(diso) -3.856 E(wn)-.1 E F0 -.2(bu)3.856 G 1.356(iltin \(see).2 F F3 1.356 +.929(rom the)-3.429 F 1.356(jobs table with the)108 715.2 R F3(diso) +3.856 E(wn)-.1 E F0 -.2(bu)3.856 G 1.356(iltin \(see).2 F F4 1.356 (SHELL B)3.856 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.356(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.607 E -1.357(w\) or mark)-.25 F 1.357(ed to not recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F3 -(SIGHUP)108 633.6 Q F0(using)2.25 E F1(diso)2.5 E(wn \255h)-.1 E F0(.)A -.166(If the)108 650.4 R F1(huponexit)2.666 E F0 .166 +1.357(w\) or mark)-.25 F 1.357(ed to not recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F4 +(SIGHUP)108 727.2 Q F0(using)2.25 E F3(diso)2.5 E(wn \255h)-.1 E F0(.)A +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(34)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 35 35 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .166(If the)108 84 +R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(huponexit)2.666 E F0 .166 (shell option has been set with)2.666 F F1(shopt)2.666 E F0(,)A F1(bash) -2.666 E F0 .166(sends a)2.666 F F3(SIGHUP)2.666 E F0 .166 -(to all jobs when an interacti)2.416 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(login shell e)108 -662.4 Q(xits.)-.15 E(If)108 679.2 Q F1(bash)3.046 E F0 .546(is w)3.046 F -.546(aiting for a command to complete and recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +2.666 E F0 .166(sends a)2.666 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)2.666 E F0 +.166(to all jobs when an interacti)2.416 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(login shell e) +108 96 Q(xits.)-.15 E(If)108 112.8 Q F1(bash)3.046 E F0 .546(is w)3.046 +F .546(aiting for a command to complete and recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.046(sas).15 G .546(ignal for which a trap has been set, the trap) --3.046 F .663(will not be e)108 691.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .663 +-3.046 F .663(will not be e)108 124.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .663 (cuted until the command completes.).15 F(When)5.663 E F1(bash)3.163 E F0 .662(is w)3.163 F .662(aiting for an asynchronous command)-.1 F .99 -(via the)108 703.2 R F1(wait)3.49 E F0 -.2(bu)3.49 G .99(iltin, the rec\ +(via the)108 136.8 R F1(wait)3.49 E F0 -.2(bu)3.49 G .99(iltin, the rec\ eption of a signal for which a trap has been set will cause the).2 F F1 (wait)3.49 E F0 -.2(bu)3.49 G .99(iltin to).2 F -(return immediately with an e)108 715.2 Q +(return immediately with an e)108 148.8 Q (xit status greater than 128, immediately after which the trap is e)-.15 -E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 -E(34)198.445 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 35 35 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(JOB CONTR)72 84 Q(OL)-.329 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF --.25(Jo)108 96 S 4.568(bc).25 G(ontr)-4.568 E(ol)-.45 E F0 2.068 -(refers to the ability to selecti)5.078 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.067 -(ly stop \().15 F F2(suspend)A F0 4.567(\)t)C 2.067(he e)-4.567 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 2.067(cution of processes and continue).15 F(\()108 108 Q F2 --.37(re)C(sume).37 E F0 3.201(\)t)C .701(heir e)-3.201 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.702(cution at a later point.).15 F 3.202(Au)5.702 G .702 +E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(JOB CONTR)72 +165.6 Q(OL)-.329 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.25(Jo)108 177.6 S 4.568(bc) +.25 G(ontr)-4.568 E(ol)-.45 E F0 2.068(refers to the ability to selecti) +5.078 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.067(ly stop \().15 F F4(suspend)A F0 4.567(\)t) +C 2.067(he e)-4.567 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.067 +(cution of processes and continue).15 F(\()108 189.6 Q F4 -.37(re)C +(sume).37 E F0 3.201(\)t)C .701(heir e)-3.201 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702 +(cution at a later point.).15 F 3.202(Au)5.702 G .702 (ser typically emplo)-3.202 F .702(ys this f)-.1 F .702 (acility via an interacti)-.1 F 1.002 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nterf).15 E(ace) --.1 E(supplied jointly by the operating system k)108 120 Q(ernel')-.1 E -2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal dri)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ra).15 G(nd)-2.5 E -/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A .785(The shell associates a)108 -136.8 R F2(job)5.025 E F0 .785(with each pipeline.)3.515 F .784(It k) -5.785 F .784(eeps a table of currently e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .784 -(cuting jobs, which may be).15 F .34(listed with the)108 148.8 R F3 -(jobs)2.84 E F0 2.84(command. When)2.84 F F3(bash)2.84 E F0 .341 -(starts a job asynchronously \(in the)2.84 F F2(bac)2.841 E(kgr)-.2 E -(ound)-.45 E F0 .341(\), it prints a line).77 F(that looks lik)108 160.8 -Q(e:)-.1 E([1] 25647)144 177.6 Q .241(indicating that this job is job n\ +-.1 E(supplied jointly by the operating system k)108 201.6 Q(ernel')-.1 +E 2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal dri)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ra).15 G(nd)-2.5 E +F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A .785(The shell associates a)108 218.4 R F4(job) +5.025 E F0 .785(with each pipeline.)3.515 F .784(It k)5.785 F .784 +(eeps a table of currently e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .784 +(cuting jobs, which may be).15 F .34(listed with the)108 230.4 R F1 +(jobs)2.84 E F0 2.84(command. When)2.84 F F1(bash)2.84 E F0 .341 +(starts a job asynchronously \(in the)2.84 F F4(bac)2.841 E(kgr)-.2 E +(ound)-.45 E F0 .341(\), it prints a line).77 F(that looks lik)108 242.4 +Q(e:)-.1 E([1] 25647)144 259.2 Q .241(indicating that this job is job n\ umber 1 and that the process ID of the last process in the pipeline ass\ -ociated)108 194.4 R .732(with this job is 25647.)108 206.4 R .733 +ociated)108 276 R .732(with this job is 25647.)108 288 R .733 (All of the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job) -5.732 F(.)-.4 E F3(Bash)5.733 E F0(uses)3.233 E(the)108 218.4 Q F2(job) +5.732 F(.)-.4 E F1(Bash)5.733 E F0(uses)3.233 E(the)108 300 Q F4(job) 4.24 E F0(abstraction as the basis for job control.)2.73 E 3.063 -.8 -(To f)108 235.2 T 1.463(acilitate the implementation of the user interf) +(To f)108 316.8 T 1.463(acilitate the implementation of the user interf) .7 F 1.462(ace to job control, the operating system maintains the)-.1 F -.87(notion of a)108 247.2 R F2(curr)3.37 E .87(ent terminal pr)-.37 F +.87(notion of a)108 328.8 R F4(curr)3.37 E .87(ent terminal pr)-.37 F .871(ocess gr)-.45 F .871(oup ID)-.45 F F0 5.871(.M)C .871 (embers of this process group \(processes whose process)-5.871 F .023 (group ID is equal to the current terminal process group ID\) recei)108 -259.2 R .323 -.15(ve k)-.25 H -.15(ey).05 G .023 -(board-generated signals such as).15 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG-)2.522 E -(INT)108 271.2 Q/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.346 -(These processes are said to be in the)5.846 F F2(for)3.847 E -.4(eg) --.37 G -.45(ro).4 G(und).45 E F0(.).77 E F2(Bac)6.927 E(kgr)-.2 E(ound) +340.8 R .323 -.15(ve k)-.25 H -.15(ey).05 G .023 +(board-generated signals such as).15 F F2(SIG-)2.522 E(INT)108 352.8 Q +/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.346 +(These processes are said to be in the)5.846 F F4(for)3.847 E -.4(eg) +-.37 G -.45(ro).4 G(und).45 E F0(.).77 E F4(Bac)6.927 E(kgr)-.2 E(ound) -.45 E F0 1.347(processes are those whose process)4.617 F .146 -(group ID dif)108 283.2 R .146(fers from the terminal')-.25 F .146 +(group ID dif)108 364.8 R .146(fers from the terminal')-.25 F .146 (s; such processes are immune to k)-.55 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .145 (board-generated signals.).15 F .145(Only fore-)5.145 F .16 -(ground processes are allo)108 295.2 R .16(wed to read from or)-.25 F +(ground processes are allo)108 376.8 R .16(wed to read from or)-.25 F 2.66(,i)-.4 G 2.66(ft)-2.66 G .16(he user so speci\214es with)-2.66 F/F6 10/Courier@0 SF .16(stty tostop)2.66 F F0 2.66(,w)C .16(rite to the ter) --2.66 F(-)-.2 E 3.052(minal. Background)108 307.2 R .551 +-2.66 F(-)-.2 E 3.052(minal. Background)108 388.8 R .551 (processes which attempt to read from \(write to when)3.052 F F6 .551 (stty tostop)3.051 F F0 .551(is in ef)3.051 F .551(fect\) the)-.25 F -.717(terminal are sent a)108 319.2 R F4 .717(SIGTTIN \(SIGTT)3.217 F +.717(terminal are sent a)108 400.8 R F2 .717(SIGTTIN \(SIGTT)3.217 F (OU\))-.162 E F0 .718(signal by the k)2.967 F(ernel')-.1 E 3.218(st)-.55 G .718(erminal dri)-3.218 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.518 -.4(r, w).15 H .718 -(hich, unless caught, sus-).4 F(pends the process.)108 331.2 Q 1.088 -(If the operating system on which)108 348 R F3(bash)3.588 E F0 1.088 -(is running supports job control,)3.588 F F3(bash)3.587 E F0 1.087 -(contains f)3.587 F 1.087(acilities to use it.)-.1 F -.8(Ty)108 360 S -.301(ping the).8 F F2(suspend)3.141 E F0 .301(character \(typically) -3.571 F F3(^Z)2.801 E F0 2.801(,C)C .301 +(hich, unless caught, sus-).4 F(pends the process.)108 412.8 Q 1.088 +(If the operating system on which)108 429.6 R F1(bash)3.588 E F0 1.088 +(is running supports job control,)3.588 F F1(bash)3.587 E F0 1.087 +(contains f)3.587 F 1.087(acilities to use it.)-.1 F -.8(Ty)108 441.6 S +.301(ping the).8 F F4(suspend)3.141 E F0 .301(character \(typically) +3.571 F F1(^Z)2.801 E F0 2.801(,C)C .301 (ontrol-Z\) while a process is running causes that process to be)-2.801 -F 2.143(stopped and returns control to)108 372 R F3(bash)4.642 E F0 -7.142(.T)C 2.142(yping the)-7.942 F F2 2.142(delayed suspend)4.992 F F0 -2.142(character \(typically)5.412 F F3(^Y)4.642 E F0 4.642(,C)C +F 2.143(stopped and returns control to)108 453.6 R F1(bash)4.642 E F0 +7.142(.T)C 2.142(yping the)-7.942 F F4 2.142(delayed suspend)4.992 F F0 +2.142(character \(typically)5.412 F F1(^Y)4.642 E F0 4.642(,C)C (ontrol-Y\))-4.642 E .021(causes the process to be stopped when it atte\ -mpts to read input from the terminal, and control to be returned)108 384 -R(to)108 396 Q F3(bash)3.392 E F0 5.892(.T)C .892 +mpts to read input from the terminal, and control to be returned)108 +465.6 R(to)108 477.6 Q F1(bash)3.392 E F0 5.892(.T)C .892 (he user may then manipulate the state of this job, using the)-5.892 F -F3(bg)3.392 E F0 .892(command to continue it in the)3.392 F .894 -(background, the)108 408 R F3(fg)3.394 E F0 .895 +F1(bg)3.392 E F0 .892(command to continue it in the)3.392 F .894 +(background, the)108 489.6 R F1(fg)3.394 E F0 .895 (command to continue it in the fore)3.394 F .895(ground, or the)-.15 F -F3(kill)3.395 E F0 .895(command to kill it.)3.395 F(A)5.895 E F3(^Z) -3.395 E F0(tak)3.395 E(es)-.1 E(ef)108 420 Q .949(fect immediately)-.25 -F 3.449(,a)-.65 G .948(nd has the additional side ef)-3.449 F .948 +F1(kill)3.395 E F0 .895(command to kill it.)3.395 F(A)5.895 E F1(^Z) +3.395 E F0(tak)3.395 E(es)-.1 E(ef)108 501.6 Q .949(fect immediately) +-.25 F 3.449(,a)-.65 G .948(nd has the additional side ef)-3.449 F .948 (fect of causing pending output and typeahead to be dis-)-.25 F(carded.) -108 432 Q .777(There are a number of w)108 448.8 R .777 -(ays to refer to a job in the shell.)-.1 F .777(The character)5.777 F F3 -(%)3.277 E F0 .777(introduces a job speci\214cation)3.277 F(\()108 460.8 -Q F2(jobspec)A F0 3.458(\). Job)B(number)3.458 E F2(n)3.818 E F0 .957 -(may be referred to as)3.697 F F3(%n)3.457 E F0 5.957(.A)C .957 +108 513.6 Q .777(There are a number of w)108 530.4 R .777 +(ays to refer to a job in the shell.)-.1 F .777(The character)5.777 F F1 +(%)3.277 E F0 .777(introduces a job speci\214cation)3.277 F(\()108 542.4 +Q F4(jobspec)A F0 3.458(\). Job)B(number)3.458 E F4(n)3.818 E F0 .957 +(may be referred to as)3.697 F F1(%n)3.457 E F0 5.957(.A)C .957 (job may also be referred to using a pre\214x of the)-2.5 F .59(name us\ ed to start it, or using a substring that appears in its command line.) -108 472.8 R -.15(Fo)5.59 G 3.09(re).15 G(xample,)-3.24 E F3(%ce)3.09 E -F0 .59(refers to a)3.09 F(stopped)108 484.8 Q F3(ce)3.464 E F0(job)3.464 +108 554.4 R -.15(Fo)5.59 G 3.09(re).15 G(xample,)-3.24 E F1(%ce)3.09 E +F0 .59(refers to a)3.09 F(stopped)108 566.4 Q F1(ce)3.464 E F0(job)3.464 E 5.964(.I)-.4 G 3.463(fap)-5.964 G .963 -(re\214x matches more than one job,)-3.463 F F3(bash)3.463 E F0 .963 -(reports an error)3.463 F 5.963(.U)-.55 G(sing)-5.963 E F3(%?ce)3.463 E +(re\214x matches more than one job,)-3.463 F F1(bash)3.463 E F0 .963 +(reports an error)3.463 F 5.963(.U)-.55 G(sing)-5.963 E F1(%?ce)3.463 E F0 3.463(,o)C 3.463(nt)-3.463 G .963(he other)-3.463 F .086 -(hand, refers to an)108 496.8 R 2.587(yj)-.15 G .087 -(ob containing the string)-2.587 F F3(ce)2.587 E F0 .087 +(hand, refers to an)108 578.4 R 2.587(yj)-.15 G .087 +(ob containing the string)-2.587 F F1(ce)2.587 E F0 .087 (in its command line.)2.587 F .087 -(If the substring matches more than one)5.087 F(job,)108 508.8 Q F3 +(If the substring matches more than one)5.087 F(job,)108 590.4 Q F1 (bash)2.518 E F0 .018(reports an error)2.518 F 5.018(.T)-.55 G .018 -(he symbols)-5.018 F F3(%%)2.518 E F0(and)2.518 E F3(%+)2.518 E F0 .018 +(he symbols)-5.018 F F1(%%)2.518 E F0(and)2.518 E F1(%+)2.518 E F0 .018 (refer to the shell')2.518 F 2.518(sn)-.55 G .018(otion of the)-2.518 F -F2(curr)2.518 E .018(ent job)-.37 F F0 2.518(,w).23 G .018(hich is) --2.518 F .494(the last job stopped while it w)108 520.8 R .495 +F4(curr)2.518 E .018(ent job)-.37 F F0 2.518(,w).23 G .018(hich is) +-2.518 F .494(the last job stopped while it w)108 602.4 R .495 (as in the fore)-.1 F .495(ground or started in the background.)-.15 F -(The)5.495 E F2(pr)4.245 E -.15(ev)-.37 G .495(ious job).15 F F0 .495 -(may be)3.225 F .788(referenced using)108 532.8 R F3<25ad>3.288 E F0 -5.788(.I)C 3.288(ft)-5.788 G .787(here is only a single job,)-3.288 F F3 -(%+)3.287 E F0(and)3.287 E F3<25ad>3.287 E F0 .787 +(The)5.495 E F4(pr)4.245 E -.15(ev)-.37 G .495(ious job).15 F F0 .495 +(may be)3.225 F .788(referenced using)108 614.4 R F1<25ad>3.288 E F0 +5.788(.I)C 3.288(ft)-5.788 G .787(here is only a single job,)-3.288 F F1 +(%+)3.287 E F0(and)3.287 E F1<25ad>3.287 E F0 .787 (can both be used to refer to that job)3.287 F 5.787(.I)-.4 G(n)-5.787 E -.256(output pertaining to jobs \(e.g., the output of the)108 544.8 R F3 +.256(output pertaining to jobs \(e.g., the output of the)108 626.4 R F1 (jobs)2.756 E F0 .256(command\), the current job is al)2.756 F -.1(wa) --.1 G .257(ys \215agged with a).1 F F3(+)2.757 E F0(,)A .411 -(and the pre)108 556.8 R .411(vious job with a)-.25 F F32.911 E F0 +-.1 G .257(ys \215agged with a).1 F F1(+)2.757 E F0(,)A .411 +(and the pre)108 638.4 R .411(vious job with a)-.25 F F12.911 E F0 5.411(.A)C .411(single % \(with no accompan)-2.5 F .41 (ying job speci\214cation\) also refers to the cur)-.15 F(-)-.2 E -(rent job)108 568.8 Q(.)-.4 E .443 -(Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the fore)108 585.6 R -(ground:)-.15 E F3(%1)2.944 E F0 .444(is a synon)2.944 F .444(ym for) --.15 F F3 -.63(``)2.944 G .444(fg %1').63 F(')-.63 E F0 2.944(,b)C +(rent job)108 650.4 Q(.)-.4 E .443 +(Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the fore)108 667.2 R +(ground:)-.15 E F1(%1)2.944 E F0 .444(is a synon)2.944 F .444(ym for) +-.15 F F1 -.63(``)2.944 G .444(fg %1').63 F(')-.63 E F0 2.944(,b)C (ringing)-2.944 E 1.473(job 1 from the background into the fore)108 -597.6 R 3.973(ground. Similarly)-.15 F(,)-.65 E F3 -.63(``)3.972 G 1.472 +679.2 R 3.973(ground. Similarly)-.15 F(,)-.65 E F1 -.63(``)3.972 G 1.472 (%1 &').63 F(')-.63 E F0 1.472(resumes job 1 in the background,)3.972 F -(equi)108 609.6 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F3 -.63(``)2.5 G(bg %1') -.63 E(')-.63 E F0(.)A .13(The shell learns immediately whene)108 626.4 R +(equi)108 691.2 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G(bg %1') +.63 E(')-.63 E F0(.)A .13(The shell learns immediately whene)108 708 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.63(raj).15 G .13(ob changes state.)-2.63 F(Normally) -5.131 E(,)-.65 E F3(bash)2.631 E F0 -.1(wa)2.631 G .131 +5.131 E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)2.631 E F0 -.1(wa)2.631 G .131 (its until it is about to print a).1 F .158 -(prompt before reporting changes in a job')108 638.4 R 2.658(ss)-.55 G +(prompt before reporting changes in a job')108 720 R 2.658(ss)-.55 G .158(tatus so as to not interrupt an)-2.658 F 2.657(yo)-.15 G .157 -(ther output.)-2.657 F .157(If the)5.157 F F32.657 E F0 .157 -(option to)2.657 F(the)108 650.4 Q F3(set)2.647 E F0 -.2(bu)2.647 G .147 -(iltin command is enabled,).2 F F3(bash)2.647 E F0 .148 +(ther output.)-2.657 F .157(If the)5.157 F F12.657 E F0 .157 +(option to)2.657 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(35) +199.835 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 36 36 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(the)108 84 Q/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(set)2.647 E F0 -.2(bu)2.647 G .147 +(iltin command is enabled,).2 F F1(bash)2.647 E F0 .148 (reports such changes immediately)2.648 F 5.148(.A)-.65 G .448 -.15 -(ny t)-5.148 H .148(rap on).15 F F4(SIGCHLD)2.648 E F0 .148(is e)2.398 F --.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cuted for each child that e)108 662.4 Q(xits.) --.15 E .033(If an attempt to e)108 679.2 R(xit)-.15 E F3(bash)2.533 E F0 -.033(is made while jobs are stopped \(or)2.533 F 2.532(,i)-.4 G 2.532 -(ft)-2.532 G(he)-2.532 E F3(checkjobs)2.532 E F0 .032 -(shell option has been enabled)2.532 F 2.019(using the)108 691.2 R F3 +(ny t)-5.148 H .148(rap on).15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGCHLD)2.648 E F0 +.148(is e)2.398 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cuted for each child that e)108 +96 Q(xits.)-.15 E .033(If an attempt to e)108 112.8 R(xit)-.15 E F1 +(bash)2.533 E F0 .033(is made while jobs are stopped \(or)2.533 F 2.532 +(,i)-.4 G 2.532(ft)-2.532 G(he)-2.532 E F1(checkjobs)2.532 E F0 .032 +(shell option has been enabled)2.532 F 2.019(using the)108 124.8 R F1 (shopt)4.519 E F0 -.2(bu)4.519 G 2.019 (iltin, running\), the shell prints a w).2 F 2.02 -(arning message, and, if the)-.1 F F3(checkjobs)4.52 E F0 2.02 +(arning message, and, if the)-.1 F F1(checkjobs)4.52 E F0 2.02 (option is)4.52 F .459(enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses.)108 -703.2 R(The)5.459 E F3(jobs)2.959 E F0 .458 +136.8 R(The)5.459 E F1(jobs)2.959 E F0 .458 (command may then be used to inspect their status.)2.958 F .458(If a) -5.458 F .603(second attempt to e)108 715.2 R .604 +5.458 F .603(second attempt to e)108 148.8 R .604 (xit is made without an interv)-.15 F .604 (ening command, the shell does not print another w)-.15 F(arning,)-.1 E -(and an)108 727.2 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(topped jobs are terminated.)-2.5 E -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(35)198.445 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 36 36 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)72 84 Q(OMPTING)-.329 E F0 .645(When e)108 96 R -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .645(cuting interacti).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(,)-.65 E -/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)3.145 E F0 .645(displays the primary prompt) -3.145 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PS1)3.145 E F0 .645 -(when it is ready to read a command,)2.895 F 1.825 -(and the secondary prompt)108 108 R F3(PS2)4.325 E F0 1.825 -(when it needs more input to complete a command.)4.075 F F2(Bash)6.826 E +(and an)108 160.8 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(topped jobs are terminated.)-2.5 E/F3 +10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)72 177.6 Q(OMPTING)-.329 E F0 .645(When e)108 +189.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .645(cuting interacti).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 +E(,)-.65 E F1(bash)3.145 E F0 .645(displays the primary prompt)3.145 F +F2(PS1)3.145 E F0 .645(when it is ready to read a command,)2.895 F 1.825 +(and the secondary prompt)108 201.6 R F2(PS2)4.325 E F0 1.825 +(when it needs more input to complete a command.)4.075 F F1(Bash)6.826 E F0(allo)4.326 E 1.826(ws these)-.25 F 1.499(prompt strings to be custom\ ized by inserting a number of backslash-escaped special characters that\ - are)108 120 R(decoded as follo)108 132 Q(ws:)-.25 E F2(\\a)144 144 Q F0 -(an ASCII bell character \(07\))180 144 Q F2(\\d)144 156 Q F0 -(the date in "W)180 156 Q(eekday Month Date" format \(e.g., "T)-.8 E -(ue May 26"\))-.45 E F2(\\D{)144 168 Q/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(format)A -F2(})A F0(the)180 180 Q F4(format)3.926 E F0 1.426(is passed to)3.926 F -F4(strftime)3.926 E F0 1.427 + are)108 213.6 R(decoded as follo)108 225.6 Q(ws:)-.25 E F1(\\a)144 +237.6 Q F0(an ASCII bell character \(07\))180 237.6 Q F1(\\d)144 249.6 Q +F0(the date in "W)180 249.6 Q(eekday Month Date" format \(e.g., "T)-.8 E +(ue May 26"\))-.45 E F1(\\D{)144 261.6 Q/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(format) +A F1(})A F0(the)180 273.6 Q F4(format)3.926 E F0 1.426(is passed to) +3.926 F F4(strftime)3.926 E F0 1.427 (\(3\) and the result is inserted into the prompt string; an)B(empty)180 -192 Q F4(format)2.5 E F0 +285.6 Q F4(format)2.5 E F0 (results in a locale-speci\214c time representation.)2.5 E -(The braces are required)5 E F2(\\e)144 204 Q F0 -(an ASCII escape character \(033\))180 204 Q F2(\\h)144 216 Q F0 -(the hostname up to the \214rst `.)180 216 Q(')-.7 E F2(\\H)144 228 Q F0 -(the hostname)180 228 Q F2(\\j)144 240 Q F0 -(the number of jobs currently managed by the shell)180 240 Q F2(\\l)144 -252 Q F0(the basename of the shell')180 252 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal de) --2.5 E(vice name)-.25 E F2(\\n)144 264 Q F0(ne)180 264 Q(wline)-.25 E F2 -(\\r)144 276 Q F0(carriage return)180 276 Q F2(\\s)144 288 Q F0 -(the name of the shell, the basename of)180 288 Q F2($0)2.5 E F0 -(\(the portion follo)2.5 E(wing the \214nal slash\))-.25 E F2(\\t)144 -300 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format)180 300 Q F2(\\T) -144 312 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format)180 312 Q F2 -(\\@)144 324 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour am/pm format)180 324 Q F2 -(\\A)144 336 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format)180 336 Q F2 -(\\u)144 348 Q F0(the username of the current user)180 348 Q F2(\\v)144 -360 Q F0(the v)180 360 Q(ersion of)-.15 E F2(bash)2.5 E F0 -(\(e.g., 2.00\))2.5 E F2(\\V)144 372 Q F0(the release of)180 372 Q F2 -(bash)2.5 E F0 2.5(,v)C(ersion + patch le)-2.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 -(l\().15 G(e.g., 2.00.0\))-2.5 E F2(\\w)144 384 Q F0 .116(the current w) -180 384 R .116(orking directory)-.1 F 2.616(,w)-.65 G(ith)-2.616 E F3 -($HOME)2.616 E F0(abbre)2.366 E .115(viated with a tilde \(uses the v) --.25 F .115(alue of the)-.25 F F3(PR)180 396 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.27 E(TRIM)-.36 -E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable\)).25 E F2(\\W)144 408 Q F0 -(the basename of the current w)180 408 Q(orking directory)-.1 E 2.5(,w) --.65 G(ith)-2.5 E F3($HOME)2.5 E F0(abbre)2.25 E(viated with a tilde) --.25 E F2(\\!)144 420 Q F0(the history number of this command)180 420 Q -F2(\\#)144 432 Q F0(the command number of this command)180 432 Q F2(\\$) -144 444 Q F0(if the ef)180 444 Q(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve U)-.25 H -(ID is 0, a).15 E F2(#)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(therwise a)-2.5 E F2($)2.5 E -(\\)144 456 Q F4(nnn)A F0 -(the character corresponding to the octal number)180 456 Q F4(nnn)2.5 E -F2(\\\\)144 468 Q F0 2.5(ab)180 468 S(ackslash)-2.5 E F2(\\[)144 480 Q -F0(be)180 480 Q 1.257(gin a sequence of non-printing characters, which \ -could be used to embed a terminal)-.15 F -(control sequence into the prompt)180 492 Q F2(\\])144 504 Q F0 -(end a sequence of non-printing characters)180 504 Q .12 -(The command number and the history number are usually dif)108 520.8 R +(The braces are required)5 E F1(\\e)144 297.6 Q F0 +(an ASCII escape character \(033\))180 297.6 Q F1(\\h)144 309.6 Q F0 +(the hostname up to the \214rst `.)180 309.6 Q(')-.7 E F1(\\H)144 321.6 +Q F0(the hostname)180 321.6 Q F1(\\j)144 333.6 Q F0 +(the number of jobs currently managed by the shell)180 333.6 Q F1(\\l) +144 345.6 Q F0(the basename of the shell')180 345.6 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G +(erminal de)-2.5 E(vice name)-.25 E F1(\\n)144 357.6 Q F0(ne)180 357.6 Q +(wline)-.25 E F1(\\r)144 369.6 Q F0(carriage return)180 369.6 Q F1(\\s) +144 381.6 Q F0(the name of the shell, the basename of)180 381.6 Q F1($0) +2.5 E F0(\(the portion follo)2.5 E(wing the \214nal slash\))-.25 E F1 +(\\t)144 393.6 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format)180 +393.6 Q F1(\\T)144 405.6 Q F0 +(the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format)180 405.6 Q F1(\\@)144 +417.6 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour am/pm format)180 417.6 Q F1(\\A) +144 429.6 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format)180 429.6 Q F1 +(\\u)144 441.6 Q F0(the username of the current user)180 441.6 Q F1(\\v) +144 453.6 Q F0(the v)180 453.6 Q(ersion of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0 +(\(e.g., 2.00\))2.5 E F1(\\V)144 465.6 Q F0(the release of)180 465.6 Q +F1(bash)2.5 E F0 2.5(,v)C(ersion + patch le)-2.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 +(l\().15 G(e.g., 2.00.0\))-2.5 E F1(\\w)144 477.6 Q F0 .116 +(the current w)180 477.6 R .116(orking directory)-.1 F 2.616(,w)-.65 G +(ith)-2.616 E F2($HOME)2.616 E F0(abbre)2.366 E .115 +(viated with a tilde \(uses the v)-.25 F .115(alue of the)-.25 F F2(PR) +180 489.6 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.27 E(TRIM)-.36 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable\)).25 E +F1(\\W)144 501.6 Q F0(the basename of the current w)180 501.6 Q +(orking directory)-.1 E 2.5(,w)-.65 G(ith)-2.5 E F2($HOME)2.5 E F0 +(abbre)2.25 E(viated with a tilde)-.25 E F1(\\!)144 513.6 Q F0 +(the history number of this command)180 513.6 Q F1(\\#)144 525.6 Q F0 +(the command number of this command)180 525.6 Q F1(\\$)144 537.6 Q F0 +(if the ef)180 537.6 Q(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve U)-.25 H(ID is 0, a).15 E +F1(#)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(therwise a)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E(\\)144 549.6 Q F4 +(nnn)A F0(the character corresponding to the octal number)180 549.6 Q F4 +(nnn)2.5 E F1(\\\\)144 561.6 Q F0 2.5(ab)180 561.6 S(ackslash)-2.5 E F1 +(\\[)144 573.6 Q F0(be)180 573.6 Q 1.257(gin a sequence of non-printing\ + characters, which could be used to embed a terminal)-.15 F +(control sequence into the prompt)180 585.6 Q F1(\\])144 597.6 Q F0 +(end a sequence of non-printing characters)180 597.6 Q .12 +(The command number and the history number are usually dif)108 614.4 R .119(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F 1.585(positi\ on in the history list, which may include commands restored from the hi\ -story \214le \(see)108 532.8 R F3(HIST)4.085 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0 -(belo)108 544.8 Q .541(w\), while the command number is the position in\ +story \214le \(see)108 626.4 R F2(HIST)4.085 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0 +(belo)108 638.4 Q .541(w\), while the command number is the position in\ the sequence of commands e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .54 -(cuted during the cur).15 F(-)-.2 E .546(rent shell session.)108 556.8 R +(cuted during the cur).15 F(-)-.2 E .546(rent shell session.)108 650.4 R .546(After the string is decoded, it is e)5.546 F .546 (xpanded via parameter e)-.15 F .546(xpansion, command substitu-)-.15 F -.352(tion, arithmetic e)108 568.8 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F --.25(va)-.15 G .352(l, subject to the v).25 F .352(alue of the)-.25 F F2 +.352(tion, arithmetic e)108 662.4 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F +-.25(va)-.15 G .352(l, subject to the v).25 F .352(alue of the)-.25 F F1 (pr)2.852 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .351(shell option \(see the)2.852 -F(description of the)108 580.8 Q F2(shopt)2.5 E F0(command under)2.5 E -F3(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).) --.25 E F1(READLINE)72 597.6 Q F0 .15 +F(description of the)108 674.4 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(command under)2.5 E +F2(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).) +-.25 E F3(READLINE)72 691.2 Q F0 .15 (This is the library that handles reading input when using an interacti) -108 609.6 R .451 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .151(hell, unless the).15 F F2 -(\255\255noediting)2.651 E F0(option)2.651 E 1.209(is gi)108 621.6 R +108 703.2 R .451 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .151(hell, unless the).15 F F1 +(\255\255noediting)2.651 E F0(option)2.651 E 1.209(is gi)108 715.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.709(na).15 G 3.709(ts)-3.709 G 1.209(hell in)-3.709 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 3.709(cation. Line).2 F 1.208 -(editing is also used when using the)3.709 F F23.708 E F0 1.208 -(option to the)3.708 F F2 -.18(re)3.708 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.708 G -3.708(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 633.6 Q .851 +(editing is also used when using the)3.709 F F13.708 E F0 1.208 +(option to the)3.708 F F1 -.18(re)3.708 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.708 G +3.708(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 727.2 Q .851 (ault, the line editing commands are similar to those of Emacs.)-.1 F 3.351(Av)5.851 G .851(i-style line editing interf)-3.351 F .852 -(ace is also)-.1 F -.2(av)108 645.6 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85 -(editing can be enabled at an)3.35 F 3.35(yt)-.15 G .85(ime using the) --3.35 F F2 .85(\255o emacs)3.35 F F0(or)3.35 E F2 .85(\255o vi)3.35 F F0 -.85(options to the)3.35 F F2(set)3.35 E F0 -.2(bu)3.35 G(iltin).2 E -(\(see)108 657.6 Q F3 .762(SHELL B)3.262 F(UIL)-.09 E .762(TIN COMMANDS) --.828 F F0(belo)3.012 E 3.262(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263(ot)-.8 G .763(urn of) --3.263 F 3.263(fl)-.25 G .763 -(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F2(+o)3.263 E -(emacs)108 669.6 Q F0(or)2.5 E F2(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F2 -(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F2(Readline Notation)87 686.4 Q -F0 .463(In this section, the Emacs-style notation is used to denote k) -108 698.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 2.963(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke) -2.963 G .463(ys are denoted by C\255)-.05 F F4 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A -1.152(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 710.4 R(Similarly)6.152 E(,) --.65 E F4(meta)4.032 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153(ys are denoted by M\255) --.05 F F4 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.653(,s)C 3.653(oM)-3.653 G 1.153 -(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.653 F(\(On)6.153 E -.1(ke)108 722.4 S .831 -(yboards without a)-.05 F F4(meta)3.711 E F0 -.1(ke)3.591 G 2.131 -.65 -(y, M)-.05 H.65 E F4(x)A F0 .831(means ESC)3.331 F F4(x)3.331 E F0 -3.331(,i)C .83(.e., press the Escape k)-3.331 F 1.13 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .83 -(hen the).15 F F4(x)4.1 E F0 -.1(ke)3.86 G 4.63 -.65(y. T)-.05 H .83 -(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(36) -198.445 E 0 Cg EP +(ace is also)-.1 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(36) +199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 37 37 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .599(ESC the)108 -84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .599(meta pr)3.099 F(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.599 -(.T)C .599(he combination M\255C\255)-5.599 F F1(x)A F0 .599 -(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F1(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099(rp)-3.099 G +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -.2(av)108 84 S +3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85(editing can be enabled at an)3.35 F 3.35 +(yt)-.15 G .85(ime using the)-3.35 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF .85 +(\255o emacs)3.35 F F0(or)3.35 E F1 .85(\255o vi)3.35 F F0 .85 +(options to the)3.35 F F1(set)3.35 E F0 -.2(bu)3.35 G(iltin).2 E(\(see) +108 96 Q/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .762(SHELL B)3.262 F(UIL)-.09 E .762 +(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.012 E 3.262(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263(ot)-.8 G +.763(urn of)-3.263 F 3.263(fl)-.25 G .763 +(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F1(+o)3.263 E +(emacs)108 108 Q F0(or)2.5 E F1(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F1 +(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(Readline Notation)87 124.8 Q +F0 .463(In this section, the Emacs-style notation is used to denote k) +108 136.8 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 2.963(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke) +2.963 G .463(ys are denoted by C\255)-.05 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.1 +(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A 1.152(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 148.8 R +(Similarly)6.152 E(,)-.65 E F3(meta)4.032 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153 +(ys are denoted by M\255)-.05 F F3 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.653(,s)C 3.653 +(oM)-3.653 G 1.153(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.653 F(\(On)6.153 E -.1(ke) +108 160.8 S .831(yboards without a)-.05 F F3(meta)3.711 E F0 -.1(ke) +3.591 G 2.131 -.65(y, M)-.05 H.65 E F3(x)A F0 .831(means ESC)3.331 F +F3(x)3.331 E F0 3.331(,i)C .83(.e., press the Escape k)-3.331 F 1.13 +-.15(ey t)-.1 H .83(hen the).15 F F3(x)4.1 E F0 -.1(ke)3.86 G 4.63 -.65 +(y. T)-.05 H .83(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .599(ESC the)108 172.8 R F3 .599 +(meta pr)3.099 F(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.599(.T)C .599 +(he combination M\255C\255)-5.599 F F3(x)A F0 .599 +(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F3(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099(rp)-3.099 G .6(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .9 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .6(hen hold).15 F -(the Control k)108 96 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H(hile pressing the).15 E F1(x) -3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G(\)).65 E .62 -(Readline commands may be gi)108 112.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119(nn).15 G -(umeric)-3.119 E F1(ar)3.119 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.119(,w).27 G .619 +(the Control k)108 184.8 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H(hile pressing the).15 E F3 +(x)3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G(\)).65 E .62 +(Readline commands may be gi)108 201.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119(nn).15 G +(umeric)-3.119 E F3(ar)3.119 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.119(,w).27 G .619 (hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.119 F(Sometimes,)5.619 E(ho)108 -124.8 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.418 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.118(ti).4 G +213.6 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.418 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.118(ti).4 G 3.119(st)-3.118 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619 (gument that is signi\214cant.)-.18 F -.15(Pa)5.619 G .619(ssing a ne) .15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .919 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .619 -(ument to a command that).18 F 1.019(acts in the forw)108 136.8 R 1.018 -(ard direction \(e.g.,)-.1 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(kill\255line)3.518 E -F0 3.518(\)c)C 1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.018 -(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.018 E(mands whose beha)108 148.8 Q +(ument to a command that).18 F 1.019(acts in the forw)108 225.6 R 1.018 +(ard direction \(e.g.,)-.1 F F1(kill\255line)3.518 E F0 3.518(\)c)C +1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.018 +(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.018 E(mands whose beha)108 237.6 Q (vior with ar)-.2 E(guments de)-.18 E(viates from this are noted belo) --.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .811(When a command is described as)108 165.6 R F1 +-.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .811(When a command is described as)108 254.4 R F3 (killing)3.311 E F0(te)3.311 E .811(xt, the te)-.15 F .811 (xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .812 -(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.312(l\().25 G F1 -(yank-)-3.312 E(ing)108 177.6 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529 -F .029(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.529(di).15 G 2.529(na)-2.529 G F1 +(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.312(l\().25 G F3 +(yank-)-3.312 E(ing)108 266.4 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529 +F .029(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.529(di).15 G 2.529(na)-2.529 G F3 .029(kill ring)B F0 5.029(.C)C(onsecuti)-5.029 E .329 -.15(ve k)-.25 H .029(ills cause the te).15 F .029(xt to be accumulated into one unit,) --.15 F .567(which can be yank)108 189.6 R .567(ed all at once.)-.1 F +-.15 F .567(which can be yank)108 278.4 R .567(ed all at once.)-.1 F .567(Commands which do not kill te)5.567 F .567 (xt separate the chunks of te)-.15 F .567(xt on the kill)-.15 F(ring.) -108 201.6 Q F2(Readline Initialization)87 218.4 Q F0 .091(Readline is c\ +108 290.4 Q F1(Readline Initialization)87 307.2 Q F0 .091(Readline is c\ ustomized by putting commands in an initialization \214le \(the)108 -230.4 R F1(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591(\214le\). The)2.591 F .091 -(name of this \214le)2.591 F .196(is tak)108 242.4 R .196(en from the v) --.1 F .196(alue of the)-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(INPUTRC)2.696 E F0 --.25(va)2.446 G 2.696(riable. If).25 F .196(that v)2.696 F .196 -(ariable is unset, the def)-.25 F .196(ault is)-.1 F F1(~/.inputr)2.696 +319.2 R F3(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591(\214le\). The)2.591 F .091 +(name of this \214le)2.591 F .196(is tak)108 331.2 R .196(en from the v) +-.1 F .196(alue of the)-.25 F F2(INPUTRC)2.696 E F0 -.25(va)2.446 G +2.696(riable. If).25 F .196(that v)2.696 F .196 +(ariable is unset, the def)-.25 F .196(ault is)-.1 F F3(~/.inputr)2.696 E(c)-.37 E F0 5.196(.W).31 G .197(hen a)-5.196 F 1.034(program which us\ es the readline library starts up, the initialization \214le is read, a\ -nd the k)108 254.4 R 1.334 -.15(ey b)-.1 H 1.034(indings and).15 F -.25 -(va)108 266.4 S 1.149(riables are set.).25 F 1.149(There are only a fe) +nd the k)108 343.2 R 1.334 -.15(ey b)-.1 H 1.034(indings and).15 F -.25 +(va)108 355.2 S 1.149(riables are set.).25 F 1.149(There are only a fe) 6.149 F 3.649(wb)-.25 G 1.149(asic constructs allo)-3.649 F 1.15 (wed in the readline initialization \214le.)-.25 F(Blank)6.15 E .737 -(lines are ignored.)108 278.4 R .737(Lines be)5.737 F .737 -(ginning with a)-.15 F F2(#)3.237 E F0 .737(are comments.)3.237 F .737 -(Lines be)5.737 F .737(ginning with a)-.15 F F2($)3.237 E F0 .736 -(indicate conditional)3.236 F 2.5(constructs. Other)108 290.4 R +(lines are ignored.)108 367.2 R .737(Lines be)5.737 F .737 +(ginning with a)-.15 F F1(#)3.237 E F0 .737(are comments.)3.237 F .737 +(Lines be)5.737 F .737(ginning with a)-.15 F F1($)3.237 E F0 .736 +(indicate conditional)3.236 F 2.5(constructs. Other)108 379.2 R (lines denote k)2.5 E .3 -.15(ey b)-.1 H(indings and v).15 E -(ariable settings.)-.25 E .986(The def)108 307.2 R .986(ault k)-.1 F --.15(ey)-.1 G .987(-bindings may be changed with an).15 F F1(inputr) -3.497 E(c)-.37 E F0 3.487(\214le. Other)3.797 F .987 -(programs that use this library may)3.487 F(add their o)108 319.2 Q -(wn commands and bindings.)-.25 E -.15(Fo)108 336 S 2.5(re).15 G -(xample, placing)-2.65 E(M\255Control\255u: uni)144 352.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 -G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(or)108 364.8 Q(C\255Meta\255u: uni)144 -376.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(into the)108 388.8 -Q F1(inputr)2.51 E(c)-.37 E F0 -.1(wo)2.81 G(uld mak).1 E 2.5(eM)-.1 G -(\255C\255u e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute the readline command).15 E F1 +(ariable settings.)-.25 E .986(The def)108 396 R .986(ault k)-.1 F -.15 +(ey)-.1 G .987(-bindings may be changed with an).15 F F3(inputr)3.497 E +(c)-.37 E F0 3.487(\214le. Other)3.797 F .987 +(programs that use this library may)3.487 F(add their o)108 408 Q +(wn commands and bindings.)-.25 E -.15(Fo)108 424.8 S 2.5(re).15 G +(xample, placing)-2.65 E(M\255Control\255u: uni)144 441.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 +G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(or)108 453.6 Q(C\255Meta\255u: uni)144 +465.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(into the)108 477.6 +Q F3(inputr)2.51 E(c)-.37 E F0 -.1(wo)2.81 G(uld mak).1 E 2.5(eM)-.1 G +(\255C\255u e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute the readline command).15 E F3 (univer)2.5 E(sal\255ar)-.1 E(gument)-.37 E F0(.).68 E 1.261(The follo) -108 405.6 R 1.261(wing symbolic character names are recognized:)-.25 F -F1 -.4(RU)3.761 G(BOUT).4 E F0(,)1.27 E F1(DEL)3.761 E F0(,).53 E F1 -(ESC)3.761 E F0(,).72 E F1(LFD)3.761 E F0(,).28 E F1(NEWLINE)3.76 E F0 -(,).73 E F1(RET)3.76 E F0(,)1.27 E F1(RETURN)108 417.6 Q F0(,)1.1 E F1 -(SPC)2.5 E F0(,).72 E F1(SP)2.5 E -.3(AC)-.9 G(E).3 E F0 2.5(,a).73 G -(nd)-2.5 E F1 -.5(TA)2.5 G(B).5 E F0(.).27 E .209 -(In addition to command names, readline allo)108 434.4 R .209(ws k)-.25 +108 494.4 R 1.261(wing symbolic character names are recognized:)-.25 F +F3 -.4(RU)3.761 G(BOUT).4 E F0(,)1.27 E F3(DEL)3.761 E F0(,).53 E F3 +(ESC)3.761 E F0(,).72 E F3(LFD)3.761 E F0(,).28 E F3(NEWLINE)3.76 E F0 +(,).73 E F3(RET)3.76 E F0(,)1.27 E F3(RETURN)108 506.4 Q F0(,)1.1 E F3 +(SPC)2.5 E F0(,).72 E F3(SP)2.5 E -.3(AC)-.9 G(E).3 E F0 2.5(,a).73 G +(nd)-2.5 E F3 -.5(TA)2.5 G(B).5 E F0(.).27 E .209 +(In addition to command names, readline allo)108 523.2 R .209(ws k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.709(st).15 G 2.709(ob)-2.709 G 2.709(eb)-2.709 G .209 (ound to a string that is inserted when the k)-2.709 F .509 -.15(ey i) --.1 H(s).15 E(pressed \(a)108 446.4 Q F1(macr)2.5 E(o)-.45 E F0(\).)A F2 -(Readline K)87 463.2 Q(ey Bindings)-.25 E F0 .366 -(The syntax for controlling k)108 475.2 R .666 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .366 -(indings in the).15 F F1(inputr)2.876 E(c)-.37 E F0 .366 +-.1 H(s).15 E(pressed \(a)108 535.2 Q F3(macr)2.5 E(o)-.45 E F0(\).)A F1 +(Readline K)87 552 Q(ey Bindings)-.25 E F0 .366 +(The syntax for controlling k)108 564 R .666 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .366 +(indings in the).15 F F3(inputr)2.876 E(c)-.37 E F0 .366 (\214le is simple.)3.176 F .366(All that is required is the name of the) -5.366 F .263(command or the te)108 487.2 R .264(xt of a macro and a k) --.15 F .564 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .264(equence to which it should be bound.) -.15 F .264(The name may be speci-)5.264 F .853(\214ed in one of tw)108 -499.2 R 3.353(ow)-.1 G .853(ays: as a symbolic k)-3.453 F 1.153 -.15 -(ey n)-.1 H .853(ame, possibly with).15 F F1(Meta\255)3.353 E F0(or) -3.353 E F1(Contr)3.353 E(ol\255)-.45 E F0(pre\214x)3.353 E .853 -(es, or as a k)-.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G(sequence.)108 511.2 Q .16 -(When using the form)108 528 R F2 -.1(ke)2.66 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A F1 -(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.66 E F1(macr)2.66 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F1 --.1(ke)2.66 G(yname)-.2 E F0 .161(is the name of a k)2.84 F .461 -.15 -(ey s)-.1 H .161(pelled out in Eng-).15 F 2.5(lish. F)108 540 R(or e) --.15 E(xample:)-.15 E(Control-u: uni)144 564 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(Meta-Rubout: backw)144 576 Q(ard-kill-w) --.1 E(ord)-.1 E(Control-o: "> output")144 588 Q .699(In the abo)108 -604.8 R .998 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H(ample,).15 E F1(C\255u)3.038 E F0 .698 -(is bound to the function)3.448 F F2(uni)3.198 E -.1(ve)-.1 G -(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(,)A F1(M\255DEL)3.878 E F0 .698 -(is bound to the func-)3.728 F(tion)108 616.8 Q F2 -(backward\255kill\255w)2.758 E(ord)-.1 E F0 2.758(,a)C(nd)-2.758 E F1 +5.366 F .263(command or the te)108 576 R .264(xt of a macro and a k)-.15 +F .564 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .264(equence to which it should be bound.).15 F +.264(The name may be speci-)5.264 F .853(\214ed in one of tw)108 588 R +3.353(ow)-.1 G .853(ays: as a symbolic k)-3.453 F 1.153 -.15(ey n)-.1 H +.853(ame, possibly with).15 F F3(Meta\255)3.353 E F0(or)3.353 E F3 +(Contr)3.353 E(ol\255)-.45 E F0(pre\214x)3.353 E .853(es, or as a k)-.15 +F -.15(ey)-.1 G(sequence.)108 600 Q .16(When using the form)108 616.8 R +F1 -.1(ke)2.66 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A F3(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.66 +E F3(macr)2.66 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F3 -.1(ke)2.66 G(yname)-.2 E F0 .161 +(is the name of a k)2.84 F .461 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .161(pelled out in Eng-) +.15 F 2.5(lish. F)108 628.8 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E(Control-u: uni) +144 652.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E +(Meta-Rubout: backw)144 664.8 Q(ard-kill-w)-.1 E(ord)-.1 E +(Control-o: "> output")144 676.8 Q .699(In the abo)108 693.6 R .998 -.15 +(ve ex)-.15 H(ample,).15 E F3(C\255u)3.038 E F0 .698 +(is bound to the function)3.448 F F1(uni)3.198 E -.1(ve)-.1 G +(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(,)A F3(M\255DEL)3.878 E F0 .698 +(is bound to the func-)3.728 F(tion)108 705.6 Q F1 +(backward\255kill\255w)2.758 E(ord)-.1 E F0 2.758(,a)C(nd)-2.758 E F3 (C\255o)2.598 E F0 .258(is bound to run the macro e)2.938 F .259 (xpressed on the right hand side \(that is, to)-.15 F(insert the te)108 -628.8 Q(xt)-.15 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF 6(>o)2.5 G(utput)-6 E F0 -(into the line\).)2.5 E .056(In the second form,)108 645.6 R F2("k)2.556 -E(eyseq")-.1 E F0(:)A F1(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.556 E F1(macr) -2.556 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F2 -.1(ke)2.556 G(yseq).1 E F0(dif)2.555 E .055 -(fers from)-.25 F F2 -.1(ke)2.555 G(yname).1 E F0(abo)2.555 E .355 -.15 -(ve i)-.15 H 2.555(nt).15 G .055(hat strings)-2.555 F 1.284 -(denoting an entire k)108 657.6 R 1.584 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.284(equence m\ -ay be speci\214ed by placing the sequence within double quotes.).15 F -(Some)6.284 E .386(GNU Emacs style k)108 669.6 R .686 -.15(ey e)-.1 H -.385(scapes can be used, as in the follo).15 F .385(wing e)-.25 F .385 -(xample, b)-.15 F .385(ut the symbolic character names)-.2 F -(are not recognized.)108 681.6 Q("\\C\255u": uni)144 705.6 Q -.15(ve) --.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E -("\\C\255x\\C\255r": re\255read\255init\255\214le)144 717.6 Q -("\\e[11~": "Function K)144 729.6 Q .3 -.15(ey 1)-.25 H(").15 E -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(37)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +717.6 Q(xt)-.15 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF 6(>o)2.5 G(utput)-6 E F0 +(into the line\).)2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(37) +199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 38 38 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .314(In this e)108 -84 R(xample,)-.15 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(C\255u)2.654 E F0 .314 -(is ag)3.064 F .315(ain bound to the function)-.05 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(uni)2.815 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 .315 -(C\255x C\255r)5.155 F F0 .315(is bound to the func-)3.545 F(tion)108 96 -Q F2 -.18(re)2.5 G.18 E(ead\255init\255\214le)-.18 E F0 2.5(,a)C -(nd)-2.5 E F1(ESC [ 1 1 ~)3.01 E F0(is bound to insert the te)3.94 E(xt) --.15 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF(Function Key 1)2.5 E F0(.)A -(The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is)108 112.8 Q F2 -<5c43ad>144 124.8 Q F0(control pre\214x)180 124.8 Q F2<5c4dad>144 136.8 -Q F0(meta pre\214x)180 136.8 Q F2(\\e)144 148.8 Q F0 -(an escape character)180 148.8 Q F2(\\\\)144 160.8 Q F0(backslash)180 -160.8 Q F2(\\")144 172.8 Q F0(literal ")180 172.8 Q F2<5c08>144 184.8 Q -F0(literal \010)180 184.8 Q(In addition to the GNU Emacs style escape s\ -equences, a second set of backslash escapes is a)108 201.6 Q -.25(va)-.2 -G(ilable:).25 E F2(\\a)144 213.6 Q F0(alert \(bell\))180 213.6 Q F2(\\b) -144 225.6 Q F0(backspace)180 225.6 Q F2(\\d)144 237.6 Q F0(delete)180 -237.6 Q F2(\\f)144 249.6 Q F0(form feed)180 249.6 Q F2(\\n)144 261.6 Q -F0(ne)180 261.6 Q(wline)-.25 E F2(\\r)144 273.6 Q F0(carriage return)180 -273.6 Q F2(\\t)144 285.6 Q F0(horizontal tab)180 285.6 Q F2(\\v)144 -297.6 Q F0 -.15(ve)180 297.6 S(rtical tab).15 E F2(\\)144 309.6 Q F1 -(nnn)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 309.6 Q -(alue is the octal v)-.25 E(alue)-.25 E F1(nnn)2.5 E F0 -(\(one to three digits\))2.5 E F2(\\x)144 321.6 Q F1(HH)A F0 -(the eight-bit character whose v)180 321.6 Q(alue is the he)-.25 E -(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F1(HH)2.5 E F0(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh) +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .056 +(In the second form,)108 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF("k)2.556 E(eyseq") +-.1 E F0(:)A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.556 +E F2(macr)2.556 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F1 -.1(ke)2.556 G(yseq).1 E F0(dif) +2.555 E .055(fers from)-.25 F F1 -.1(ke)2.555 G(yname).1 E F0(abo)2.555 +E .355 -.15(ve i)-.15 H 2.555(nt).15 G .055(hat strings)-2.555 F 1.284 +(denoting an entire k)108 96 R 1.584 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.284(equence may \ +be speci\214ed by placing the sequence within double quotes.).15 F(Some) +6.284 E .386(GNU Emacs style k)108 108 R .686 -.15(ey e)-.1 H .385 +(scapes can be used, as in the follo).15 F .385(wing e)-.25 F .385 +(xample, b)-.15 F .385(ut the symbolic character names)-.2 F +(are not recognized.)108 120 Q("\\C\255u": uni)144 144 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E +("\\C\255x\\C\255r": re\255read\255init\255\214le)144 156 Q +("\\e[11~": "Function K)144 168 Q .3 -.15(ey 1)-.25 H(").15 E .314 +(In this e)108 184.8 R(xample,)-.15 E F2(C\255u)2.654 E F0 .314(is ag) +3.064 F .315(ain bound to the function)-.05 F F1(uni)2.815 E -.1(ve)-.1 +G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(.)A F2 .315(C\255x C\255r)5.155 F F0 +.315(is bound to the func-)3.545 F(tion)108 196.8 Q F1 -.18(re)2.5 G +.18 E(ead\255init\255\214le)-.18 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F2 +(ESC [ 1 1 ~)3.01 E F0(is bound to insert the te)3.94 E(xt)-.15 E/F3 10 +/Courier@0 SF(Function Key 1)2.5 E F0(.)A +(The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is)108 213.6 Q F1 +<5c43ad>144 225.6 Q F0(control pre\214x)180 225.6 Q F1<5c4dad>144 237.6 +Q F0(meta pre\214x)180 237.6 Q F1(\\e)144 249.6 Q F0 +(an escape character)180 249.6 Q F1(\\\\)144 261.6 Q F0(backslash)180 +261.6 Q F1(\\")144 273.6 Q F0(literal ")180 273.6 Q F1<5c08>144 285.6 Q +F0(literal \010)180 285.6 Q(In addition to the GNU Emacs style escape s\ +equences, a second set of backslash escapes is a)108 302.4 Q -.25(va)-.2 +G(ilable:).25 E F1(\\a)144 314.4 Q F0(alert \(bell\))180 314.4 Q F1(\\b) +144 326.4 Q F0(backspace)180 326.4 Q F1(\\d)144 338.4 Q F0(delete)180 +338.4 Q F1(\\f)144 350.4 Q F0(form feed)180 350.4 Q F1(\\n)144 362.4 Q +F0(ne)180 362.4 Q(wline)-.25 E F1(\\r)144 374.4 Q F0(carriage return)180 +374.4 Q F1(\\t)144 386.4 Q F0(horizontal tab)180 386.4 Q F1(\\v)144 +398.4 Q F0 -.15(ve)180 398.4 S(rtical tab).15 E F1(\\)144 410.4 Q F2 +(nnn)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 410.4 Q +(alue is the octal v)-.25 E(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0 +(\(one to three digits\))2.5 E F1(\\x)144 422.4 Q F2(HH)A F0 +(the eight-bit character whose v)180 422.4 Q(alue is the he)-.25 E +(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh) -.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E 1.142(When entering the te)108 -338.4 R 1.141(xt of a macro, single or double quotes must be used to in\ -dicate a macro de\214nition.)-.15 F .089(Unquoted te)108 350.4 R .089 +439.2 R 1.141(xt of a macro, single or double quotes must be used to in\ +dicate a macro de\214nition.)-.15 F .089(Unquoted te)108 451.2 R .089 (xt is assumed to be a function name.)-.15 F .09(In the macro body)5.089 F 2.59(,t)-.65 G .09(he backslash escapes described abo)-2.59 F -.15(ve) --.15 G(are e)108 362.4 Q 2.5(xpanded. Backslash)-.15 F(will quote an)2.5 +-.15 G(are e)108 463.2 Q 2.5(xpanded. Backslash)-.15 F(will quote an)2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G(ther character in the macro te)-2.5 E -(xt, including " and \010.)-.15 E F2(Bash)108 379.2 Q F0(allo)2.93 E .43 +(xt, including " and \010.)-.15 E F1(Bash)108 480 Q F0(allo)2.93 E .43 (ws the current readline k)-.25 F .73 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .429 -(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the).15 F F2(bind)2.929 E F0 +(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the).15 F F1(bind)2.929 E F0 -.2(bu)2.929 G .429(iltin command.).2 F .045 -(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 391.2 R .345 -.15 -(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F22.546 E F0 .046 -(option to the)2.546 F F2(set)2.546 E F0 -.2(bu)2.546 G .046 -(iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 403.2 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E -(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F2 -(Readline V)87 420 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .044(Readline has v)108 432 R -.043(ariables that can be used to further customize its beha)-.25 F +(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 492 R .345 -.15 +(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F12.546 E F0 .046 +(option to the)2.546 F F1(set)2.546 E F0 -.2(bu)2.546 G .046 +(iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 504 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E +(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1 +(Readline V)87 520.8 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .044(Readline has v)108 532.8 +R .043(ariables that can be used to further customize its beha)-.25 F (vior)-.2 E 5.043(.A)-.55 G -.25(va)-2.5 G .043 -(riable may be set in the).25 F F1(inpu-)2.553 E(tr)108 444 Q(c)-.37 E -F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F2(set)144 460.8 Q F1 +(riable may be set in the).25 F F2(inpu-)2.553 E(tr)108 544.8 Q(c)-.37 E +F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F1(set)144 561.6 Q F2 (variable\255name value)2.5 E F0 .79(Except where noted, readline v)108 -477.6 R .79(ariables can tak)-.25 F 3.29(et)-.1 G .79(he v)-3.29 F -(alues)-.25 E F2(On)3.29 E F0(or)3.29 E F2(Off)3.29 E F0 .79 +578.4 R .79(ariables can tak)-.25 F 3.29(et)-.1 G .79(he v)-3.29 F +(alues)-.25 E F1(On)3.29 E F0(or)3.29 E F1(Off)3.29 E F0 .79 (\(without re)3.29 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .79(rd to case\).).05 F(Unrecog-) -5.79 E .449(nized v)108 489.6 R .448(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F +5.79 E .449(nized v)108 590.4 R .448(ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F .448(When a v)5.448 F .448(ariable v)-.25 F .448 (alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .448(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-) --.25 F(ti)108 501.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .467(\), and "1" are equi).15 F --.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F2(On)2.968 E F0 5.468(.A)C .468 +-.25 F(ti)108 602.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .467(\), and "1" are equi).15 F +-.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(On)2.968 E F0 5.468(.A)C .468 (ll other v)-5.468 F .468(alues are equi)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .468 -(lent to).25 F F2(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .468(he v)-5.468 F .468 -(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108 513.6 S(lues are:) -.25 E F2(bell\255style \(audible\))108 530.4 Q F0 .011 -(Controls what happens when readline w)144 542.4 R .011 -(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .01(If set to)5.01 F F2(none)2.51 +(lent to).25 F F1(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .468(he v)-5.468 F .468 +(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108 614.4 S(lues are:) +.25 E F1(bell\255style \(audible\))108 631.2 Q F0 .011 +(Controls what happens when readline w)144 643.2 R .011 +(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .01(If set to)5.01 F F1(none)2.51 E F0 2.51(,r)C .01(eadline ne)-2.51 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .94 -(rings the bell.)144 554.4 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F2(visible)3.44 E F0 +(rings the bell.)144 655.2 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F1(visible)3.44 E F0 3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25(va) --.2 G 3.44(ilable. If).25 F .94(set to)3.44 F F2(audible)3.44 E F0(,)A -(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 566.4 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G(ell.) --2.5 E F2(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 578.4 Q F0 .056 -(If set to)144 590.4 R F2(On)2.556 E F0 2.556(,r)C .056(eadline attempt\ +-.2 G 3.44(ilable. If).25 F .94(set to)3.44 F F1(audible)3.44 E F0(,)A +(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 667.2 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G(ell.) +-2.5 E F1(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 679.2 Q F0 .056 +(If set to)144 691.2 R F1(On)2.556 E F0 2.556(,r)C .056(eadline attempt\ s to bind the control characters treated specially by the k)-2.556 F -(ernel')-.1 E 2.555(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.555 E(nal dri)144 602.4 Q -.15 +(ernel')-.1 E 2.555(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.555 E(nal dri)144 703.2 Q -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(heir readline equi)-2.5 E -.25(va) --.25 G(lents.).25 E F2(color)108 614.4 Q(ed\255completion\255pr)-.18 E -(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .515(If set to)144 626.4 R F2(On)3.015 E F0 -3.015(,w)C .515(hen listing completions, readline displays the common p\ -re\214x of the set of possible)-3.015 F 2.936(completions using a dif) -144 638.4 R 2.936(ferent color)-.25 F 7.936(.T)-.55 G 2.936 -(he color de\214nitions are tak)-7.936 F 2.935(en from the v)-.1 F 2.935 -(alue of the)-.25 F F2(LS_COLORS)144 650.4 Q F0(en)2.5 E(vironment v)-.4 -E(ariable.)-.25 E F2(color)108 662.4 Q(ed\255stats \(Off\))-.18 E F0 -1.579(If set to)144 674.4 R F2(On)4.079 E F0 4.079(,r)C 1.579 -(eadline displays possible completions using dif)-4.079 F 1.58 -(ferent colors to indicate their \214le)-.25 F 2.5(type. The)144 686.4 R -(color de\214nitions are tak)2.5 E(en from the v)-.1 E(alue of the)-.25 -E F2(LS_COLORS)2.5 E F0(en)2.5 E(vironment v)-.4 E(ariable.)-.25 E F2 -(comment\255begin \(`)108 698.4 Q(`#')-.63 E('\))-.63 E F0 .885 -(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 710.4 R F2 -(insert\255comment)3.385 E F0 .884(command is e)3.384 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -3.384(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.384 E(mand is bound to)144 722.4 Q F2 -(M\255#)2.5 E F0(in emacs mode and to)2.5 E F2(#)2.5 E F0 -(in vi command mode.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E -(38)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +-.25 G(lents.).25 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(38) +199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 39 39 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(completion\255ignor)108 84 Q(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to) -144 96 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,r)C(eadline performs \214lename matching a\ -nd completion in a case\255insensiti)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.25 H(ashion.) -.05 E F1(completion\255pr)108 108 Q(e\214x\255display\255length \(0\)) --.18 E F0 .829(The length in characters of the common pre\214x of a lis\ -t of possible completions that is displayed)144 120 R 1.275 -(without modi\214cation.)144 132 R 1.275(When set to a v)6.275 F 1.274 -(alue greater than zero, common pre\214x)-.25 F 1.274 -(es longer than this)-.15 F -.25(va)144 144 S(lue are replaced with an \ -ellipsis when displaying possible completions.).25 E F1 -(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 156 Q F0 .529 -(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 168 R .53 +SF(color)108 84 Q(ed\255completion\255pr)-.18 E(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 +.515(If set to)144 96 R F1(On)3.015 E F0 3.015(,w)C .515(hen listing co\ +mpletions, readline displays the common pre\214x of the set of possible) +-3.015 F 2.936(completions using a dif)144 108 R 2.936(ferent color)-.25 +F 7.936(.T)-.55 G 2.936(he color de\214nitions are tak)-7.936 F 2.935 +(en from the v)-.1 F 2.935(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LS_COLORS)144 120 Q F0 +(en)2.5 E(vironment v)-.4 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(color)108 132 Q +(ed\255stats \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.579(If set to)144 144 R F1(On)4.079 E +F0 4.079(,r)C 1.579(eadline displays possible completions using dif) +-4.079 F 1.58(ferent colors to indicate their \214le)-.25 F 2.5 +(type. The)144 156 R(color de\214nitions are tak)2.5 E(en from the v)-.1 +E(alue of the)-.25 E F1(LS_COLORS)2.5 E F0(en)2.5 E(vironment v)-.4 E +(ariable.)-.25 E F1(comment\255begin \(`)108 168 Q(`#')-.63 E('\))-.63 E +F0 .885(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 180 R F1 +(insert\255comment)3.385 E F0 .884(command is e)3.384 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +3.384(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.384 E(mand is bound to)144 192 Q F1 +(M\255#)2.5 E F0(in emacs mode and to)2.5 E F1(#)2.5 E F0 +(in vi command mode.)2.5 E F1(completion\255ignor)108 204 Q +(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 216 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,r)C +(eadline performs \214lename matching and completion in a case\255insen\ +siti)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.25 H(ashion.).05 E F1(completion\255pr)108 +228 Q(e\214x\255display\255length \(0\))-.18 E F0 .829(The length in ch\ +aracters of the common pre\214x of a list of possible completions that \ +is displayed)144 240 R 1.275(without modi\214cation.)144 252 R 1.275 +(When set to a v)6.275 F 1.274(alue greater than zero, common pre\214x) +-.25 F 1.274(es longer than this)-.15 F -.25(va)144 264 S(lue are repla\ +ced with an ellipsis when displaying possible completions.).25 E F1 +(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 276 Q F0 .529 +(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 288 R .53 (wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .561(erated by the) -144 180 R F1(possible\255completions)3.061 E F0 3.061(command. It)3.061 +144 300 R F1(possible\255completions)3.061 E F0 3.061(command. It)3.061 F .561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.06(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.06 E .56(ger v) --.15 F .56(alue greater than or)-.25 F .782(equal to zero.)144 192 R +-.15 F .56(alue greater than or)-.25 F .782(equal to zero.)144 312 R .783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or equal to \ -the v)5.782 F .783(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 204 S .237 +the v)5.782 F .783(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 324 S .237 (riable, the user is ask).25 F .237(ed whether or not he wishes to vie) -.1 F 2.737(wt)-.25 G .237(hem; otherwise the)-2.737 F 2.737(ya)-.15 G -.237(re simply listed)-2.737 F(on the terminal.)144 216 Q F1(con)108 228 -Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .612(If set to)144 240 R F1(On) +.237(re simply listed)-2.737 F(on the terminal.)144 336 Q F1(con)108 348 +Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .612(If set to)144 360 R F1(On) 3.112 E F0 3.112(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.112 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .613 (rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .913 -.15 (ey s)-.1 H .613(equence by).15 F .541 (stripping the eighth bit and pre\214xing an escape character \(in ef) -144 252 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.541(meta pr)3.041 F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 264 Q F0(\).)A F1 -(disable\255completion \(Off\))108 276 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 288 R F1 +144 372 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +.541(meta pr)3.041 F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 384 Q F0(\).)A F1 +(disable\255completion \(Off\))108 396 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 408 R F1 (On)2.538 E F0 2.538(,r)C .038(eadline will inhibit w)-2.538 F .038 (ord completion.)-.1 F .038 (Completion characters will be inserted into the)5.038 F(line as if the) -144 300 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E F0 -(.)A F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 312 Q F0 .142 -(Controls whether readline be)144 324 R .141(gins with a set of k)-.15 F +144 420 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E F0 +(.)A F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 432 Q F0 .142 +(Controls whether readline be)144 444 R .141(gins with a set of k)-.15 F .441 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .141(indings similar to).15 F F2(Emacs)2.641 E F0 (or)2.641 E F2(vi)2.641 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode)5.141 E F0 -(can be set to either)144 336 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(vi)2.5 E -F0(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 348 Q(ol\255characters \(On\))-.18 E F0 1.21 -(When set to)144 360 R F1(On)3.71 E F0 3.71(,o)C 3.71(no)-3.71 G 1.211 +(can be set to either)144 456 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(vi)2.5 E +F0(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 468 Q(ol\255characters \(On\))-.18 E F0 1.21 +(When set to)144 480 R F1(On)3.71 E F0 3.71(,o)C 3.71(no)-3.71 G 1.211 (perating systems that indicate the)-3.71 F 3.711(ys)-.15 G 1.211 (upport it, readline echoes a character)-3.711 F -(corresponding to a signal generated from the k)144 372 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G -(board.).15 E F1(enable\255brack)108 384 Q(eted\255paste \(Off\))-.1 E -F0 1.222(When set to)144 396 R F1(On)3.721 E F0 3.721(,r)C 1.221 +(corresponding to a signal generated from the k)144 492 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G +(board.).15 E F1(enable\255brack)108 504 Q(eted\255paste \(Off\))-.1 E +F0 1.222(When set to)144 516 R F1(On)3.721 E F0 3.721(,r)C 1.221 (eadline will con\214gure the terminal in a w)-3.721 F 1.221 (ay that will enable it to insert each)-.1 F .353 -(paste into the editing b)144 408 R(uf)-.2 E .353(fer as a single strin\ +(paste into the editing b)144 528 R(uf)-.2 E .353(fer as a single strin\ g of characters, instead of treating each character as if)-.25 F .544 -(it had been read from the k)144 420 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.043(board. This) +(it had been read from the k)144 540 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.043(board. This) .15 F .543(can pre)3.043 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .543 (nt pasted characters from being interpreted as).15 F(editing commands.) -144 432 Q F1(enable\255k)108 444 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .892 -(When set to)144 456 R F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893 +144 552 Q F1(enable\255k)108 564 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .892 +(When set to)144 576 R F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893 (eadline will try to enable the application k)-3.393 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .893(pad when it is called.).15 F .893(Some sys-)5.893 F -(tems need this to enable the arro)144 468 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-2.6 -G(s.).15 E F1(enable\255meta\255k)108 480 Q(ey \(On\))-.1 E F0 .64 -(When set to)144 492 R F1(On)3.14 E F0 3.14(,r)C .64 +(tems need this to enable the arro)144 588 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-2.6 +G(s.).15 E F1(enable\255meta\255k)108 600 Q(ey \(On\))-.1 E F0 .64 +(When set to)144 612 R F1(On)3.14 E F0 3.14(,r)C .64 (eadline will try to enable an)-3.14 F 3.14(ym)-.15 G .64 (eta modi\214er k)-3.14 F .94 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .64 -(he terminal claims to support).15 F(when it is called.)144 504 Q +(he terminal claims to support).15 F(when it is called.)144 624 Q (On man)5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G(erminals, the meta k)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.5(su).15 G(sed to send eight-bit characters.)-2.5 E F1 -(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 516 Q F0(If set to)144 528 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 +(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 636 Q F0(If set to)144 648 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(ilde e)-2.5 E(xpansion is performed when readline attempts w) --.15 E(ord completion.)-.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 540 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1 -(ve)-.1 G(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 1.338(If set to)144 552 R F1(On) +-.15 E(ord completion.)-.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 660 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1 +(ve)-.1 G(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 1.338(If set to)144 672 R F1(On) 3.838 E F0 3.838(,t)C 1.338(he history code attempts to place point at \ -the same location on each history line)-3.838 F(retrie)144 564 Q -.15 +the same location on each history line)-3.838 F(retrie)144 684 Q -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E -.15(ev)-.18 G (ious-history).15 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(next-history)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(history\255size \(unset\))108 576 Q F0 .949 -(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 588 R -.15(ve)-.2 G +(history\255size \(unset\))108 696 Q F0 .949 +(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 708 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.448(di).15 G 3.448(nt)-3.448 G .948(he history list.)-3.448 F .948 -(If set to zero, an)5.948 F 3.448(ye)-.15 G(xisting)-3.598 E .482 -(history entries are deleted and no ne)144 600 R 2.982(we)-.25 G .483 -(ntries are sa)-2.982 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.983(d. If).15 F .483(set to a v) -2.983 F .483(alue less than zero, the num-)-.25 F -(ber of history entries is not limited.)144 612 Q(By def)5 E -(ault, the number of history entries is not limited.)-.1 E F1 -(horizontal\255scr)108 624 Q(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .449 -(When set to)144 636 R F1(On)2.949 E F0 2.949(,m)C(ak)-2.949 E .448 -(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G .448 -(crolling the input horizontally on a)-2.948 F 1.194(single screen line\ - when it becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a\ - ne)144 648 R(w)-.25 E(line.)144 660 Q F1(input\255meta \(Off\))108 672 -Q F0 .228(If set to)144 684 R F1(On)2.728 E F0 2.728(,r)C .227(eadline \ -will enable eight-bit input \(that is, it will not strip the high bit f\ -rom the char)-2.728 F(-)-.2 E .956(acters it reads\), re)144 696 R -.05 -(ga)-.15 G .956(rdless of what the terminal claims it can support.).05 F -.957(The name)5.956 F F1(meta\255\215ag)3.457 E F0 .957(is a)3.457 F -(synon)144 708 Q(ym for this v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 -768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(39)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +(If set to zero, an)5.948 F 3.448(ye)-.15 G(xisting)-3.598 E 1.821 +(history entries are deleted and no ne)144 720 R 4.321(we)-.25 G 1.821 +(ntries are sa)-4.321 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 4.321(d. If).15 F 1.821 +(set to a v)4.321 F 1.821(alue less than zero, the)-.25 F(GNU Bash 4.4) +72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(39)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 40 40 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(isear)108 84 Q(ch\255terminators \(`)-.18 E(`C\255[C\255J')-.63 E -('\))-.63 E F0 .439(The string of characters that should terminate an i\ -ncremental search without subsequently e)144 96 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-) -.15 E .934(ing the character as a command.)144 108 R .935(If this v) -5.935 F .935(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.435(nav).15 -G .935(alue, the characters)-3.685 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ESC)3.435 E -F0(and)144 120 Q F2(C\255J)2.5 E F0 -(will terminate an incremental search.)2.5 E F1 -.1(ke)108 132 S -(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.021(Set the current readline k)144 144 R -.15 -(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021(alid k)-.25 -F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021(map names is).15 F F2 2.02 -(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.52 F(d,)-.37 E .068 -(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 156 R F0 2.568(,a)C -(nd)-2.568 E F2(vi\255insert)2.568 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)5.068 E F0 .068 -(is equi)2.568 F -.25(va)-.25 G .068(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command) -2.569 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.569 E F0 1.544(is equi)144 168 R -.25(va)-.25 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E +(number of history entries is not limited.)144 84 Q(By def)5 E +(ault, the number of history entries is not limited.)-.1 E/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(horizontal\255scr)108 96 Q(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E +F0 .449(When set to)144 108 R F1(On)2.949 E F0 2.949(,m)C(ak)-2.949 E +.448(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G +.448(crolling the input horizontally on a)-2.948 F 1.194(single screen \ +line when it becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping \ +to a ne)144 120 R(w)-.25 E(line.)144 132 Q F1(input\255meta \(Off\))108 +144 Q F0 .228(If set to)144 156 R F1(On)2.728 E F0 2.728(,r)C .227(eadl\ +ine will enable eight-bit input \(that is, it will not strip the high b\ +it from the char)-2.728 F(-)-.2 E .956(acters it reads\), re)144 168 R +-.05(ga)-.15 G .956(rdless of what the terminal claims it can support.) +.05 F .957(The name)5.956 F F1(meta\255\215ag)3.457 E F0 .957(is a)3.457 +F(synon)144 180 Q(ym for this v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(isear)108 192 +Q(ch\255terminators \(`)-.18 E(`C\255[C\255J')-.63 E('\))-.63 E F0 .439 +(The string of characters that should terminate an incremental search w\ +ithout subsequently e)144 204 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E .934 +(ing the character as a command.)144 216 R .935(If this v)5.935 F .935 +(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.435(nav).15 G .935 +(alue, the characters)-3.685 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ESC)3.435 E F0 +(and)144 228 Q F2(C\255J)2.5 E F0(will terminate an incremental search.) +2.5 E F1 -.1(ke)108 240 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.021 +(Set the current readline k)144 252 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F +2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021(alid k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021 +(map names is).15 F F2 2.02(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.52 F(d,)-.37 E +.068(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 264 R F0 2.568 +(,a)C(nd)-2.568 E F2(vi\255insert)2.568 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)5.068 E F0 +.068(is equi)2.568 F -.25(va)-.25 G .068(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command) +2.569 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.569 E F0 1.544(is equi)144 276 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.544(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)4.044 E(d)-.37 E F0 6.544(.T)C 1.544(he def)-6.544 F 1.544(ault v)-.1 F 1.544(alue is)-.25 F F2(emacs) 4.044 E F0 4.044(;t).27 G 1.544(he v)-4.044 F 1.544(alue of)-.25 F F1 -(editing\255mode)4.043 E F0(also)4.043 E(af)144 180 Q(fects the def)-.25 +(editing\255mode)4.043 E F0(also)4.043 E(af)144 288 Q(fects the def)-.25 E(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1 -(emacs\255mode\255string \(@\))108 192 Q F0 .051(This string is display\ +(emacs\255mode\255string \(@\))108 300 Q F0 .051(This string is display\ ed immediately before the last line of the primary prompt when emacs ed\ -iting)144 204 R .293(mode is acti)144 216 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.293(.T).15 +iting)144 312 R .293(mode is acti)144 324 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.293(.T).15 G .293(he v)-5.293 F .293(alue is e)-.25 F .293(xpanded lik)-.15 F 2.793 (eak)-.1 G .593 -.15(ey b)-2.893 H .293 -(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control).15 F(pre\214x)144 228 +(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control).15 F(pre\214x)144 336 Q .601(es and backslash escape sequences is a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G 3.101 (ilable. Use).25 F .601(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)3.101 F .602 (gin and end)-.15 F .019(sequences of non-printing characters, which ca\ -n be used to embed a terminal control sequence into)144 240 R -(the mode string.)144 252 Q F1 -.1(ke)108 264 S(yseq\255timeout \(500\)) -.1 E F0 .367(Speci\214es the duration)144 276 R F2 -.37(re)2.867 G +n be used to embed a terminal control sequence into)144 348 R +(the mode string.)144 360 Q F1 -.1(ke)108 372 S(yseq\255timeout \(500\)) +.1 E F0 .367(Speci\214es the duration)144 384 R F2 -.37(re)2.867 G (adline).37 E F0 .367(will w)2.867 F .367 (ait for a character when reading an ambiguous k)-.1 F .668 -.15(ey s) --.1 H(equence).15 E 1.356(\(one that can form a complete k)144 288 R +-.1 H(equence).15 E 1.356(\(one that can form a complete k)144 396 R 1.656 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.356(equence using the input read so f).15 F(ar) -.1 E 3.856(,o)-.4 G 3.856(rc)-3.856 G 1.355(an tak)-3.856 F 3.855(ea) --.1 G(dditional)-3.855 E .32(input to complete a longer k)144 300 R .62 +-.1 G(dditional)-3.855 E .32(input to complete a longer k)144 408 R .62 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 2.82(equence\). If).15 F .32(no input is recei)2.82 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(dw).15 G .32(ithin the timeout,)-2.82 F F2 -.37(re) -2.82 G(adline).37 E F0(will)2.82 E .907(use the shorter b)144 312 R .907 +2.82 G(adline).37 E F0(will)2.82 E .907(use the shorter b)144 420 R .907 (ut complete k)-.2 F 1.207 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 3.407(equence. The).15 F -.25 (va)3.407 G .907(lue is speci\214ed in milliseconds, so a v).25 F .906 -(alue of)-.25 F .05(1000 means that)144 324 R F2 -.37(re)2.55 G(adline) +(alue of)-.25 F .05(1000 means that)144 432 R F2 -.37(re)2.55 G(adline) .37 E F0 .05(will w)2.55 F .05(ait one second for additional input.)-.1 F .05(If this v)5.05 F .05(ariable is set to a v)-.25 F(alue)-.25 E .051 -(less than or equal to zero, or to a non-numeric v)144 336 R(alue,)-.25 +(less than or equal to zero, or to a non-numeric v)144 444 R(alue,)-.25 E F2 -.37(re)2.551 G(adline).37 E F0 .051(will w)2.551 F .051 (ait until another k)-.1 F .351 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.551(sp).15 G(ressed) --2.551 E(to decide which k)144 348 Q .3 -.15(ey s)-.1 H -(equence to complete.).15 E F1(mark\255dir)108 360 Q(ectories \(On\)) --.18 E F0(If set to)144 372 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C +-2.551 E(to decide which k)144 456 Q .3 -.15(ey s)-.1 H +(equence to complete.).15 E F1(mark\255dir)108 468 Q(ectories \(On\)) +-.18 E F0(If set to)144 480 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C (ompleted directory names ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a s)-.2 H(lash appended.) -.15 E F1(mark\255modi\214ed\255lines \(Off\))108 384 Q F0(If set to)144 -396 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,h)C(istory lines that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b) +.15 E F1(mark\255modi\214ed\255lines \(Off\))108 492 Q F0(If set to)144 +504 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,h)C(istory lines that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b) -.2 H(een modi\214ed are displayed with a preceding asterisk \().15 E F1 -(*)A F0(\).)A F1(mark\255symlink)108 408 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E -(ectories \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .175(If set to)144 420 R F1(On)2.675 E F0 +(*)A F0(\).)A F1(mark\255symlink)108 516 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E +(ectories \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .175(If set to)144 528 R F1(On)2.675 E F0 2.675(,c)C .175 (ompleted names which are symbolic links to directories ha)-2.675 F .475 --.15(ve a s)-.2 H .175(lash appended \(sub-).15 F(ject to the v)144 432 +-.15(ve a s)-.2 H .175(lash appended \(sub-).15 F(ject to the v)144 540 Q(alue of)-.25 E F1(mark\255dir)2.5 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(\).)A F1 -(match\255hidden\255\214les \(On\))108 444 Q F0 .193(This v)144 456 R +(match\255hidden\255\214les \(On\))108 552 Q F0 .193(This v)144 564 R .193(ariable, when set to)-.25 F F1(On)2.693 E F0 2.693(,c)C .192 (auses readline to match \214les whose names be)-2.693 F .192 (gin with a `.)-.15 F 2.692('\()-.7 G(hidden)-2.692 E .456 -(\214les\) when performing \214lename completion.)144 468 R .456 +(\214les\) when performing \214lename completion.)144 576 R .456 (If set to)5.456 F F1(Off)2.956 E F0 2.956(,t)C .456(he leading `.) -2.956 F 2.956('m)-.7 G .457(ust be supplied by the)-2.956 F -(user in the \214lename to be completed.)144 480 Q F1 -(menu\255complete\255display\255pr)108 492 Q(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 -1.586(If set to)144 504 R F1(On)4.086 E F0 4.086(,m)C 1.585(enu complet\ +(user in the \214lename to be completed.)144 588 Q F1 +(menu\255complete\255display\255pr)108 600 Q(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 +1.586(If set to)144 612 R F1(On)4.086 E F0 4.086(,m)C 1.585(enu complet\ ion displays the common pre\214x of the list of possible completions) --4.086 F(\(which may be empty\) before c)144 516 Q -(ycling through the list.)-.15 E F1(output\255meta \(Off\))108 528 Q F0 -.506(If set to)144 540 R F1(On)3.006 E F0 3.006(,r)C .507(eadline will \ +-4.086 F(\(which may be empty\) before c)144 624 Q +(ycling through the list.)-.15 E F1(output\255meta \(Off\))108 636 Q F0 +.506(If set to)144 648 R F1(On)3.006 E F0 3.006(,r)C .507(eadline will \ display characters with the eighth bit set directly rather than as a me\ -ta-)-3.006 F(pre\214x)144 552 Q(ed escape sequence.)-.15 E F1 -(page\255completions \(On\))108 564 Q F0 .809(If set to)144 576 R F1(On) +ta-)-3.006 F(pre\214x)144 660 Q(ed escape sequence.)-.15 E F1 +(page\255completions \(On\))108 672 Q F0 .809(If set to)144 684 R F1(On) 3.308 E F0 3.308(,r)C .808(eadline uses an internal)-3.308 F F2(mor) 3.308 E(e)-.37 E F0(-lik)A 3.308(ep)-.1 G .808 (ager to display a screenful of possible comple-)-3.308 F -(tions at a time.)144 588 Q F1 -(print\255completions\255horizontally \(Off\))108 600 Q F0 1.318 -(If set to)144 612 R F1(On)3.818 E F0 3.818(,r)C 1.319(eadline will dis\ -play completions with matches sorted horizontally in alphabetical)-3.818 -F(order)144 624 Q 2.5(,r)-.4 G(ather than do)-2.5 E(wn the screen.)-.25 -E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 636 T(ert\255all\255at\255newline \(Off\)).08 E -F0 .699(If set to)144 648 R F1(On)3.199 E F0 3.199(,r)C .699 -(eadline will undo all changes to history lines before returning when) --3.199 F F1(accept\255line)3.198 E F0(is)3.198 E -.15(exe)144 660 S -2.686(cuted. By).15 F(def)2.686 E .186 -(ault, history lines may be modi\214ed and retain indi)-.1 F .186 -(vidual undo lists across calls to)-.25 F F1 -.18(re)144 672 S(adline) -.18 E F0(.)A F1(sho)108 684 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous \(Off\))-.1 E -F0 .304(This alters the def)144 696 R .304(ault beha)-.1 F .304 -(vior of the completion functions.)-.2 F .304(If set to)5.304 F F1(On) -2.804 E F0 2.803(,w)C .303(ords which ha)-2.903 F .603 -.15(ve m)-.2 H -(ore).15 E 1.264(than one possible completion cause the matches to be l\ -isted immediately instead of ringing the)144 708 R(bell.)144 720 Q -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(40)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +(tions at a time.)144 696 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E +(40)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 41 41 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(sho)108 84 Q(w\255all\255if\255unmodi\214ed \(Off\))-.1 E F0 5.346 -(This alters the def)144 96 R 5.346(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345 +SF(print\255completions\255horizontally \(Off\))108 84 Q F0 1.318 +(If set to)144 96 R F1(On)3.818 E F0 3.818(,r)C 1.319(eadline will disp\ +lay completions with matches sorted horizontally in alphabetical)-3.818 +F(order)144 108 Q 2.5(,r)-.4 G(ather than do)-2.5 E(wn the screen.)-.25 +E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 120 T(ert\255all\255at\255newline \(Off\)).08 E +F0 .699(If set to)144 132 R F1(On)3.199 E F0 3.199(,r)C .699 +(eadline will undo all changes to history lines before returning when) +-3.199 F F1(accept\255line)3.198 E F0(is)3.198 E -.15(exe)144 144 S +2.686(cuted. By).15 F(def)2.686 E .186 +(ault, history lines may be modi\214ed and retain indi)-.1 F .186 +(vidual undo lists across calls to)-.25 F F1 -.18(re)144 156 S(adline) +.18 E F0(.)A F1(sho)108 168 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous \(Off\))-.1 E +F0 .304(This alters the def)144 180 R .304(ault beha)-.1 F .304 +(vior of the completion functions.)-.2 F .304(If set to)5.304 F F1(On) +2.804 E F0 2.803(,w)C .303(ords which ha)-2.903 F .603 -.15(ve m)-.2 H +(ore).15 E 1.264(than one possible completion cause the matches to be l\ +isted immediately instead of ringing the)144 192 R(bell.)144 204 Q F1 +(sho)108 216 Q(w\255all\255if\255unmodi\214ed \(Off\))-.1 E F0 5.346 +(This alters the def)144 228 R 5.346(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345 (vior of the completion functions in a f)-.2 F 5.345(ashion similar to) --.1 F F1(sho)144 108 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous)-.1 E F0 6.69(.I)C +-.1 F F1(sho)144 240 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous)-.1 E F0 6.69(.I)C 4.19(fs)-6.69 G 1.691(et to)-4.19 F F1(On)4.191 E F0 4.191(,w)C 1.691 (ords which ha)-4.291 F 1.991 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.691 -(ore than one possible completion).15 F 1.04(without an)144 120 R 3.54 +(ore than one possible completion).15 F 1.04(without an)144 252 R 3.54 (yp)-.15 G 1.039 (ossible partial completion \(the possible completions don')-3.54 F 3.539(ts)-.18 G 1.039(hare a common pre\214x\))-3.539 F(cause the match\ -es to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.)144 132 Q F1 -(sho)108 144 Q(w\255mode\255in\255pr)-.1 E(ompt \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.018 -(If set to)144 156 R F1(On)3.518 E F0 3.518(,a)C 1.018 +es to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.)144 264 Q F1 +(sho)108 276 Q(w\255mode\255in\255pr)-.1 E(ompt \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.018 +(If set to)144 288 R F1(On)3.518 E F0 3.518(,a)C 1.018 (dd a character to the be)-3.518 F 1.018 (ginning of the prompt indicating the editing mode: emacs)-.15 F -(\(@\), vi command \(:\) or vi insertion \(+\).)144 168 Q F1 -(skip\255completed\255text \(Off\))108 180 Q F0 .095(If set to)144 192 R +(\(@\), vi command \(:\) or vi insertion \(+\).)144 300 Q F1 +(skip\255completed\255text \(Off\))108 312 Q F0 .095(If set to)144 324 R F1(On)2.595 E F0 2.595(,t)C .095(his alters the def)-2.595 F .095 (ault completion beha)-.1 F .094 -(vior when inserting a single match into the line.)-.2 F(It')144 204 Q +(vior when inserting a single match into the line.)-.2 F(It')144 336 Q 2.545(so)-.55 G .045(nly acti)-2.545 F .345 -.15(ve w)-.25 H .046 (hen performing completion in the middle of a w).15 F 2.546(ord. If)-.1 F .046(enabled, readline does not)2.546 F 1.394(insert characters from \ -the completion that match characters after point in the w)144 216 R -1.394(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, so portions of the w)144 228 Q +the completion that match characters after point in the w)144 348 R +1.394(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, so portions of the w)144 360 Q (ord follo)-.1 E(wing the cursor are not duplicated.)-.25 E F1 -(vi\255cmd\255mode\255string \(\(cmd\)\))108 240 Q F0 1.198(This string\ +(vi\255cmd\255mode\255string \(\(cmd\)\))108 372 Q F0 1.198(This string\ is displayed immediately before the last line of the primary prompt wh\ -en vi editing)144 252 R .522(mode is acti)144 264 R .822 -.15(ve a)-.25 +en vi editing)144 384 R .522(mode is acti)144 396 R .822 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .522(nd in command mode.).15 F .522(The v)5.522 F .522(alue is e)-.25 F .522(xpanded lik)-.15 F 3.022(eak)-.1 G .821 -.15(ey b)-3.122 H .521 (inding, so the standard).15 F .869(set of meta- and control pre\214x) -144 276 R .869(es and backslash escape sequences is a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 +144 408 R .869(es and backslash escape sequences is a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G 3.37(ilable. Use).25 F .87(the \\1 and \\2)3.37 F .387(escapes to be) -144 288 R .386(gin and end sequences of non-printing characters, which \ +144 420 R .386(gin and end sequences of non-printing characters, which \ can be used to embed a ter)-.15 F(-)-.2 E -(minal control sequence into the mode string.)144 300 Q F1 -(vi\255ins\255mode\255string \(\(ins\)\))108 312 Q F0 1.198(This string\ +(minal control sequence into the mode string.)144 432 Q F1 +(vi\255ins\255mode\255string \(\(ins\)\))108 444 Q F0 1.198(This string\ is displayed immediately before the last line of the primary prompt wh\ -en vi editing)144 324 R .783(mode is acti)144 336 R 1.083 -.15(ve a)-.25 +en vi editing)144 456 R .783(mode is acti)144 468 R 1.083 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .783(nd in insertion mode.).15 F .783(The v)5.783 F .783(alue is e) -.25 F .783(xpanded lik)-.15 F 3.283(eak)-.1 G 1.083 -.15(ey b)-3.383 H .783(inding, so the standard).15 F .869 -(set of meta- and control pre\214x)144 348 R .869 +(set of meta- and control pre\214x)144 480 R .869 (es and backslash escape sequences is a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G 3.37 -(ilable. Use).25 F .87(the \\1 and \\2)3.37 F .387(escapes to be)144 360 +(ilable. Use).25 F .87(the \\1 and \\2)3.37 F .387(escapes to be)144 492 R .386(gin and end sequences of non-printing characters, which can be u\ sed to embed a ter)-.15 F(-)-.2 E -(minal control sequence into the mode string.)144 372 Q F1 -(visible\255stats \(Off\))108 384 Q F0 .846(If set to)144 396 R F1(On) +(minal control sequence into the mode string.)144 504 Q F1 +(visible\255stats \(Off\))108 516 Q F0 .846(If set to)144 528 R F1(On) 3.346 E F0 3.346(,ac)C .846(haracter denoting a \214le')-3.346 F 3.346 (st)-.55 G .846(ype as reported by)-3.346 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF (stat)3.346 E F0 .846(\(2\) is appended to the \214lename)B -(when listing possible completions.)144 408 Q F1 -(Readline Conditional Constructs)87 424.8 Q F0 .05 -(Readline implements a f)108 436.8 R .05(acility similar in spirit to t\ +(when listing possible completions.)144 540 Q F1 +(Readline Conditional Constructs)87 556.8 Q F0 .05 +(Readline implements a f)108 568.8 R .05(acility similar in spirit to t\ he conditional compilation features of the C preprocessor)-.1 F .096 -(which allo)108 448.8 R .096(ws k)-.25 F .396 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .096 +(which allo)108 580.8 R .096(ws k)-.25 F .396 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .096 (indings and v).15 F .096 (ariable settings to be performed as the result of tests.)-.25 F .097 -(There are four parser)5.096 F(directi)108 460.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 -(su).15 G(sed.)-2.5 E F1($if)108 477.6 Q F0(The)144 477.6 Q F1($if)2.963 +(There are four parser)5.096 F(directi)108 592.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 +(su).15 G(sed.)-2.5 E F1($if)108 609.6 Q F0(The)144 609.6 Q F1($if)2.963 E F0 .463(construct allo)2.963 F .462(ws bindings to be made based on t\ he editing mode, the terminal being used,)-.25 F .477 -(or the application using readline.)144 489.6 R .477(The te)5.477 F .477 +(or the application using readline.)144 621.6 R .477(The te)5.477 F .477 (xt of the test e)-.15 F .477 (xtends to the end of the line; no characters)-.15 F -(are required to isolate it.)144 501.6 Q F1(mode)144 518.4 Q F0(The)180 -518.4 Q F1(mode=)3.712 E F0 1.212(form of the)3.712 F F1($if)3.711 E F0 +(are required to isolate it.)144 633.6 Q F1(mode)144 650.4 Q F0(The)180 +650.4 Q F1(mode=)3.712 E F0 1.212(form of the)3.712 F F1($if)3.711 E F0 (directi)3.711 E 1.511 -.15(ve i)-.25 H 3.711(su).15 G 1.211 (sed to test whether readline is in emacs or vi)-3.711 F 3.065 -(mode. This)180 530.4 R .565(may be used in conjunction with the)3.065 F +(mode. This)180 662.4 R .565(may be used in conjunction with the)3.065 F F1 .565(set k)3.065 F(eymap)-.1 E F0 .565(command, for instance, to) -3.065 F .735(set bindings in the)180 542.4 R F2(emacs\255standar)3.235 E +3.065 F .735(set bindings in the)180 674.4 R F2(emacs\255standar)3.235 E (d)-.37 E F0(and)3.235 E F2(emacs\255ctlx)3.235 E F0 -.1(ke)3.235 G .735 -(ymaps only if readline is starting)-.05 F(out in emacs mode.)180 554.4 -Q F1(term)144 571.2 Q F0(The)180 571.2 Q F1(term=)3.196 E F0 .696 +(ymaps only if readline is starting)-.05 F(out in emacs mode.)180 686.4 +Q F1(term)144 703.2 Q F0(The)180 703.2 Q F1(term=)3.196 E F0 .696 (form may be used to include terminal-speci\214c k)3.196 F .996 -.15 -(ey b)-.1 H .697(indings, perhaps to bind).15 F .654(the k)180 583.2 R +(ey b)-.1 H .697(indings, perhaps to bind).15 F .654(the k)180 715.2 R .954 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .654(equences output by the terminal').15 F 3.154 (sf)-.55 G .654(unction k)-3.154 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.154(s. The).15 F -.1 -(wo)3.154 G .654(rd on the right side of).1 F(the)180 595.2 Q F1(=)3.231 +(wo)3.154 G .654(rd on the right side of).1 F(the)180 727.2 Q F1(=)3.231 E F0 .731(is tested ag)3.231 F .732(ainst both the full name of the ter\ -minal and the portion of the terminal)-.05 F(name before the \214rst)180 -607.2 Q F12.5 E F0 5(.T)C(his allo)-5 E(ws)-.25 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0 -(to match both)2.74 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0(and)2.74 E F2(sun\255cmd)2.5 E F0 -2.5(,f).77 G(or instance.)-2.5 E F1(application)144 624 Q F0(The)180 636 -Q F1(application)3.003 E F0 .503 -(construct is used to include application-speci\214c settings.)3.003 F -.503(Each program)5.503 F .114(using the readline library sets the)180 -648 R F2 .114(application name)2.614 F F0 2.614(,a)C .114 -(nd an initialization \214le can test for a)-2.614 F .501(particular v) -180 660 R 3.001(alue. This)-.25 F .501(could be used to bind k)3.001 F -.801 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .5(equences to functions useful for a spe-).15 F -.396(ci\214c program.)180 672 R -.15(Fo)5.396 G 2.896(ri).15 G .396 -(nstance, the follo)-2.896 F .396(wing command adds a k)-.25 F .696 -.15 -(ey s)-.1 H .397(equence that quotes the).15 F(current or pre)180 684 Q -(vious w)-.25 E(ord in)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(:)A F1($if)180 708 Q F0 -(Bash)2.5 E 2.5(#Q)180 720 S(uote the current or pre)-2.5 E(vious w)-.25 -E(ord)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(41)198.445 E 0 -Cg EP +minal and the portion of the terminal)-.05 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q +(2015 June 5)150.675 E(41)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 42 42 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -("\\C\255xq": "\\eb\\"\\ef\\"")180 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF($endif)180 -96 Q($endif)108 112.8 Q F0(This command, as seen in the pre)144 112.8 Q -(vious e)-.25 E(xample, terminates an)-.15 E F1($if)2.5 E F0(command.) -2.5 E F1($else)108 129.6 Q F0(Commands in this branch of the)144 129.6 Q +(name before the \214rst)180 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF2.5 E F0 5 +(.T)C(his allo)-5 E(ws)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sun)2.84 E F0 +(to match both)2.74 E F2(sun)2.84 E F0(and)2.74 E F2(sun\255cmd)2.5 E F0 +2.5(,f).77 G(or instance.)-2.5 E F1(application)144 100.8 Q F0(The)180 +112.8 Q F1(application)3.003 E F0 .503 +(construct is used to include application-speci\214c settings.)3.003 F +.503(Each program)5.503 F .114(using the readline library sets the)180 +124.8 R F2 .114(application name)2.614 F F0 2.614(,a)C .114 +(nd an initialization \214le can test for a)-2.614 F .501(particular v) +180 136.8 R 3.001(alue. This)-.25 F .501(could be used to bind k)3.001 F +.801 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .5(equences to functions useful for a spe-).15 F +.396(ci\214c program.)180 148.8 R -.15(Fo)5.396 G 2.896(ri).15 G .396 +(nstance, the follo)-2.896 F .396(wing command adds a k)-.25 F .696 -.15 +(ey s)-.1 H .397(equence that quotes the).15 F(current or pre)180 160.8 +Q(vious w)-.25 E(ord in)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(:)A F1($if)180 184.8 Q F0 +(Bash)2.5 E 2.5(#Q)180 196.8 S(uote the current or pre)-2.5 E(vious w) +-.25 E(ord)-.1 E("\\C\255xq": "\\eb\\"\\ef\\"")180 208.8 Q F1($endif)180 +220.8 Q($endif)108 237.6 Q F0(This command, as seen in the pre)144 237.6 +Q(vious e)-.25 E(xample, terminates an)-.15 E F1($if)2.5 E F0(command.) +2.5 E F1($else)108 254.4 Q F0(Commands in this branch of the)144 254.4 Q F1($if)2.5 E F0(directi)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(re e).15 E -.15(xe) --.15 G(cuted if the test f).15 E(ails.)-.1 E F1($include)108 146.4 Q F0 -.357(This directi)144 158.4 R .657 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(ak).15 E .357 +-.15 G(cuted if the test f).15 E(ails.)-.1 E F1($include)108 271.2 Q F0 +.357(This directi)144 283.2 R .657 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(ak).15 E .357 (es a single \214lename as an ar)-.1 F .356 (gument and reads commands and bindings from that)-.18 F 2.5(\214le. F) -144 170.4 R(or e)-.15 E(xample, the follo)-.15 E(wing directi)-.25 E .3 --.15(ve w)-.25 H(ould read).05 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(/etc/inputr)2.5 -E(c)-.37 E F0(:)A F1($include)144 194.4 Q F2(/etc/inputr)5.833 E(c)-.37 -E F1(Sear)87 211.2 Q(ching)-.18 E F0 .834(Readline pro)108 223.2 R .834 +144 295.2 R(or e)-.15 E(xample, the follo)-.15 E(wing directi)-.25 E .3 +-.15(ve w)-.25 H(ould read).05 E F2(/etc/inputr)2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(:)A F1 +($include)144 319.2 Q F2(/etc/inputr)5.833 E(c)-.37 E F1(Sear)87 336 Q +(ching)-.18 E F0 .834(Readline pro)108 348 R .834 (vides commands for searching through the command history \(see)-.15 F /F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)3.335 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)3.085 E -.835(w\) for lines)-.25 F(containing a speci\214ed string.)108 235.2 Q +.835(w\) for lines)-.25 F(containing a speci\214ed string.)108 360 Q (There are tw)5 E 2.5(os)-.1 G(earch modes:)-2.5 E F2(incr)2.51 E (emental)-.37 E F0(and)3.01 E F2(non-incr)2.5 E(emental)-.37 E F0(.).51 -E .698(Incremental searches be)108 252 R .698 +E .698(Incremental searches be)108 376.8 R .698 (gin before the user has \214nished typing the search string.)-.15 F .697(As each character of the)5.697 F .112 -(search string is typed, readline displays the ne)108 264 R .112 +(search string is typed, readline displays the ne)108 388.8 R .112 (xt entry from the history matching the string typed so f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 E 5.113(.A)-.55 G(n)-5.113 E .542 -(incremental search requires only as man)108 276 R 3.042(yc)-.15 G .542 -(haracters as needed to \214nd the desired history entry)-3.042 F 5.541 -(.T)-.65 G .541(he char)-5.541 F(-)-.2 E .224(acters present in the v) -108 288 R .224(alue of the)-.25 F F1(isear)2.724 E(ch-terminators)-.18 E -F0 -.25(va)2.724 G .224 +(incremental search requires only as man)108 400.8 R 3.042(yc)-.15 G +.542(haracters as needed to \214nd the desired history entry)-3.042 F +5.541(.T)-.65 G .541(he char)-5.541 F(-)-.2 E .224 +(acters present in the v)108 412.8 R .224(alue of the)-.25 F F1(isear) +2.724 E(ch-terminators)-.18 E F0 -.25(va)2.724 G .224 (riable are used to terminate an incremental search.).25 F .66 -(If that v)108 300 R .66(ariable has not been assigned a v)-.25 F .66 +(If that v)108 424.8 R .66(ariable has not been assigned a v)-.25 F .66 (alue the Escape and Control-J characters will terminate an incre-)-.25 -F .096(mental search.)108 312 R .096(Control-G will abort an incrementa\ -l search and restore the original line.)5.096 F .097(When the search is) -5.097 F(terminated, the history entry containing the search string beco\ -mes the current line.)108 324 Q 2.939 -.8(To \214)108 340.8 T 1.339(nd \ -other matching entries in the history list, type Control-S or Control-R\ - as appropriate.).8 F 1.338(This will)6.338 F .674(search backw)108 -352.8 R .674(ard or forw)-.1 F .674(ard in the history for the ne)-.1 F -.675(xt entry matching the search string typed so f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 E -5.675(.A)-.55 G -.15(ny)-5.675 G .175(other k)108 364.8 R .475 -.15 -(ey s)-.1 H .174 +F .096(mental search.)108 436.8 R .096(Control-G will abort an incremen\ +tal search and restore the original line.)5.096 F .097 +(When the search is)5.097 F(terminated, the history entry containing th\ +e search string becomes the current line.)108 448.8 Q 2.939 -.8(To \214) +108 465.6 T 1.339(nd other matching entries in the history list, type C\ +ontrol-S or Control-R as appropriate.).8 F 1.338(This will)6.338 F .674 +(search backw)108 477.6 R .674(ard or forw)-.1 F .674 +(ard in the history for the ne)-.1 F .675 +(xt entry matching the search string typed so f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 E 5.675 +(.A)-.55 G -.15(ny)-5.675 G .175(other k)108 489.6 R .475 -.15(ey s)-.1 +H .174 (equence bound to a readline command will terminate the search and e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .174(cute that command.).15 F -.15(Fo)5.174 G(r).15 E -.54(instance, a)108 376.8 R F2(ne)3.04 E(wline)-.15 E F0 .541 +.54(instance, a)108 501.6 R F2(ne)3.04 E(wline)-.15 E F0 .541 (will terminate the search and accept the line, thereby e)3.04 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G .541(cuting the command from the).15 F(history list.)108 -388.8 Q .653(Readline remembers the last incremental search string.)108 -405.6 R .653(If tw)5.653 F 3.153(oC)-.1 G .653 +513.6 Q .653(Readline remembers the last incremental search string.)108 +530.4 R .653(If tw)5.653 F 3.153(oC)-.1 G .653 (ontrol-Rs are typed without an)-3.153 F 3.152(yi)-.15 G(nterv)-3.152 E -(en-)-.15 E(ing characters de\214ning a ne)108 417.6 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G +(en-)-.15 E(ing characters de\214ning a ne)108 542.4 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G (earch string, an)-2.5 E 2.5(yr)-.15 G(emembered search string is used.) -2.5 E .567(Non-incremental searches read the entire search string befo\ -re starting to search for matching history lines.)108 434.4 R(The searc\ +re starting to search for matching history lines.)108 559.2 R(The searc\ h string may be typed by the user or be part of the contents of the cur\ -rent line.)108 446.4 Q F1(Readline Command Names)87 463.2 Q F0 1.392 -(The follo)108 475.2 R 1.391 +rent line.)108 571.2 Q F1(Readline Command Names)87 588 Q F0 1.392 +(The follo)108 600 R 1.391 (wing is a list of the names of the commands and the def)-.25 F 1.391 (ault k)-.1 F 1.691 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.391(equences to which the).15 F -3.891(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.891 E 2.621(bound. Command)108 487.2 R .121 +3.891(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.891 E 2.621(bound. Command)108 612 R .121 (names without an accompan)2.621 F .121(ying k)-.15 F .421 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .122(equence are unbound by def).15 F 2.622(ault. In)-.1 F .122 -(the follo)2.622 F(wing)-.25 E(descriptions,)108 499.2 Q F2(point)3.411 -E F0 .911(refers to the current cursor position, and)3.411 F F2(mark) -3.411 E F0 .91(refers to a cursor position sa)3.411 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.41 -(db).15 G 3.41(yt)-3.41 G(he)-3.41 E F1(set\255mark)108 511.2 Q F0 2.5 +(the follo)2.622 F(wing)-.25 E(descriptions,)108 624 Q F2(point)3.411 E +F0 .911(refers to the current cursor position, and)3.411 F F2(mark)3.411 +E F0 .91(refers to a cursor position sa)3.411 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.41(db) +.15 G 3.41(yt)-3.41 G(he)-3.41 E F1(set\255mark)108 636 Q F0 2.5 (command. The)2.5 F(te)2.5 E (xt between the point and mark is referred to as the)-.15 E F2 -.37(re) -2.5 G(gion)-.03 E F0(.)A F1(Commands f)87 528 Q(or Mo)-.25 E(ving)-.1 E -(beginning\255of\255line \(C\255a\))108 540 Q F0(Mo)144 552 Q .3 -.15 -(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he start of the current line.)-2.5 E F1 -(end\255of\255line \(C\255e\))108 564 Q F0(Mo)144 576 Q .3 -.15(ve t) --.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he end of the line.)-2.5 E F1 -.25(fo)108 588 S -(rward\255char \(C\255f\)).25 E F0(Mo)144 600 Q .3 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw) -.15 E(ard a character)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1(backward\255char \(C\255b\))108 -612 Q F0(Mo)144 624 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ack a character).15 E(.)-.55 E -F1 -.25(fo)108 636 S(rward\255w).25 E(ord \(M\255f\))-.1 E F0(Mo)144 648 -Q .822 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw).15 E .522(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F -.523(xt w)-.15 F 3.023(ord. W)-.1 F .523 -(ords are composed of alphanumeric characters \(let-)-.8 F -(ters and digits\).)144 660 Q F1(backward\255w)108 672 Q(ord \(M\255b\)) --.1 E F0(Mo)144 684 Q 1.71 -.15(ve b)-.15 H 1.41 -(ack to the start of the current or pre).15 F 1.41(vious w)-.25 F 3.91 -(ord. W)-.1 F 1.41(ords are composed of alphanumeric)-.8 F -(characters \(letters and digits\).)144 696 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q -(2015 April 6)149.285 E(42)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +2.5 G(gion)-.03 E F0(.)A F1(Commands f)87 652.8 Q(or Mo)-.25 E(ving)-.1 +E(beginning\255of\255line \(C\255a\))108 664.8 Q F0(Mo)144 676.8 Q .3 +-.15(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he start of the current line.)-2.5 E F1 +(end\255of\255line \(C\255e\))108 688.8 Q F0(Mo)144 700.8 Q .3 -.15 +(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he end of the line.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 +Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(42)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 43 43 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(shell\255f)108 84 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 96 Q .784 --.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw).15 E .484(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .484 -(xt w)-.15 F 2.984(ord. W)-.1 F .484 -(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharac-)-.8 F(ters.)144 108 -Q F1(shell\255backward\255w)108 120 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 132 Q .909 --.15(ve b)-.15 H .609(ack to the start of the current or pre).15 F .609 -(vious w)-.25 F 3.109(ord. W)-.1 F .608 -(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell)-.8 F(metacharacters.)144 144 Q -F1(clear\255scr)108 156 Q(een \(C\255l\))-.18 E F0 .993 -(Clear the screen lea)144 168 R .993 +SF -.25(fo)108 84 S(rward\255char \(C\255f\)).25 E F0(Mo)144 96 Q .3 +-.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw).15 E(ard a character)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1 +(backward\255char \(C\255b\))108 108 Q F0(Mo)144 120 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.15 +H(ack a character).15 E(.)-.55 E F1 -.25(fo)108 132 S(rward\255w).25 E +(ord \(M\255f\))-.1 E F0(Mo)144 144 Q .822 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw).15 E +.522(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .523(xt w)-.15 F 3.023(ord. W)-.1 F +.523(ords are composed of alphanumeric characters \(let-)-.8 F +(ters and digits\).)144 156 Q F1(backward\255w)108 168 Q(ord \(M\255b\)) +-.1 E F0(Mo)144 180 Q 1.71 -.15(ve b)-.15 H 1.41 +(ack to the start of the current or pre).15 F 1.41(vious w)-.25 F 3.91 +(ord. W)-.1 F 1.41(ords are composed of alphanumeric)-.8 F +(characters \(letters and digits\).)144 192 Q F1(shell\255f)108 204 Q +(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 216 Q .784 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw) +.15 E .484(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .484(xt w)-.15 F 2.984(ord. W) +-.1 F .484(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharac-)-.8 F +(ters.)144 228 Q F1(shell\255backward\255w)108 240 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 +252 Q .909 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .609(ack to the start of the current or pre) +.15 F .609(vious w)-.25 F 3.109(ord. W)-.1 F .608 +(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell)-.8 F(metacharacters.)144 264 Q +F1(clear\255scr)108 276 Q(een \(C\255l\))-.18 E F0 .993 +(Clear the screen lea)144 288 R .993 (ving the current line at the top of the screen.)-.2 F -.4(Wi)5.993 G .993(th an ar).4 F .993(gument, refresh the)-.18 F -(current line without clearing the screen.)144 180 Q F1 -.18(re)108 192 +(current line without clearing the screen.)144 300 Q F1 -.18(re)108 312 S(draw\255curr).18 E(ent\255line)-.18 E F0(Refresh the current line.)144 -204 Q F1(Commands f)87 220.8 Q(or Manipulating the History)-.25 E -(accept\255line \(Newline, Retur)108 232.8 Q(n\))-.15 E F0 .159 -(Accept the line re)144 244.8 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .159 +324 Q F1(Commands f)87 340.8 Q(or Manipulating the History)-.25 E +(accept\255line \(Newline, Retur)108 352.8 Q(n\))-.15 E F0 .159 +(Accept the line re)144 364.8 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .159 (rdless of where the cursor is.).05 F .158(If this line is non-empty) 5.158 F 2.658(,a)-.65 G .158(dd it to the history list)-2.658 F .699 -(according to the state of the)144 256.8 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +(according to the state of the)144 376.8 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF (HISTCONTR)3.199 E(OL)-.27 E F0 -.25(va)2.949 G 3.199(riable. If).25 F .699(the line is a modi\214ed history line, then)3.199 F -(restore the history line to its original state.)144 268.8 Q F1(pr)108 -280.8 Q -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious\255history \(C\255p\)).15 E F0 -(Fetch the pre)144 292.8 Q(vious command from the history list, mo)-.25 -E(ving back in the list.)-.15 E F1(next\255history \(C\255n\))108 304.8 -Q F0(Fetch the ne)144 316.8 Q(xt command from the history list, mo)-.15 +(restore the history line to its original state.)144 388.8 Q F1(pr)108 +400.8 Q -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious\255history \(C\255p\)).15 E F0 +(Fetch the pre)144 412.8 Q(vious command from the history list, mo)-.25 +E(ving back in the list.)-.15 E F1(next\255history \(C\255n\))108 424.8 +Q F0(Fetch the ne)144 436.8 Q(xt command from the history list, mo)-.15 E(ving forw)-.15 E(ard in the list.)-.1 E F1 -(beginning\255of\255history \(M\255<\))108 328.8 Q F0(Mo)144 340.8 Q .3 +(beginning\255of\255history \(M\255<\))108 448.8 Q F0(Mo)144 460.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he \214rst line in the history)-2.5 E(.) --.65 E F1(end\255of\255history \(M\255>\))108 352.8 Q F0(Mo)144 364.8 Q +-.65 E F1(end\255of\255history \(M\255>\))108 472.8 Q F0(Mo)144 484.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he end of the input history)-2.5 E 2.5 (,i)-.65 G(.e., the line currently being entered.)-2.5 E F1 -2.29 -.18 -(re v)108 376.8 T(erse\255sear).08 E(ch\255history \(C\255r\))-.18 E F0 -1.471(Search backw)144 388.8 R 1.471 +(re v)108 496.8 T(erse\255sear).08 E(ch\255history \(C\255r\))-.18 E F0 +1.471(Search backw)144 508.8 R 1.471 (ard starting at the current line and mo)-.1 F 1.47 (ving `up' through the history as necessary)-.15 F(.)-.65 E -(This is an incremental search.)144 400.8 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 412.8 S +(This is an incremental search.)144 520.8 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 532.8 S (rward\255sear).25 E(ch\255history \(C\255s\))-.18 E F0 1.131 -(Search forw)144 424.8 R 1.131(ard starting at the current line and mo) +(Search forw)144 544.8 R 1.131(ard starting at the current line and mo) -.1 F 1.132(ving `do)-.15 F 1.132(wn' through the history as necessary) --.25 F(.)-.65 E(This is an incremental search.)144 436.8 Q F1 -(non\255incr)108 448.8 Q(emental\255r)-.18 E -2.3 -.15(ev e)-.18 H +-.25 F(.)-.65 E(This is an incremental search.)144 556.8 Q F1 +(non\255incr)108 568.8 Q(emental\255r)-.18 E -2.3 -.15(ev e)-.18 H (rse\255sear).15 E(ch\255history \(M\255p\))-.18 E F0 .165(Search backw) -144 460.8 R .164(ard through the history starting at the current line u\ -sing a non-incremental search for)-.1 F 2.5(as)144 472.8 S -(tring supplied by the user)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(non\255incr)108 484.8 Q +144 580.8 R .164(ard through the history starting at the current line u\ +sing a non-incremental search for)-.1 F 2.5(as)144 592.8 S +(tring supplied by the user)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(non\255incr)108 604.8 Q (emental\255f)-.18 E(orward\255sear)-.25 E(ch\255history \(M\255n\))-.18 -E F0 1.353(Search forw)144 496.8 R 1.354(ard through the history using \ +E F0 1.353(Search forw)144 616.8 R 1.354(ard through the history using \ a non-incremental search for a string supplied by the)-.1 F(user)144 -508.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1(history\255sear)108 520.8 Q(ch\255f)-.18 E(orward) --.25 E F0 .249(Search forw)144 532.8 R .249(ard through the history for\ +628.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1(history\255sear)108 640.8 Q(ch\255f)-.18 E(orward) +-.25 E F0 .249(Search forw)144 652.8 R .249(ard through the history for\ the string of characters between the start of the current line)-.1 F -(and the point.)144 544.8 Q(This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1 -(history\255sear)108 556.8 Q(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .95(Search backw) -144 568.8 R .951(ard through the history for the string of characters b\ -etween the start of the current)-.1 F(line and the point.)144 580.8 Q -(This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)108 592.8 Q -2.5(g\()-.1 G<4dad43ad7929>-2.5 E F0 .622(Insert the \214rst ar)144 -604.8 R .622(gument to the pre)-.18 F .622 +(and the point.)144 664.8 Q(This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1 +(history\255sear)108 676.8 Q(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .95(Search backw) +144 688.8 R .951(ard through the history for the string of characters b\ +etween the start of the current)-.1 F(line and the point.)144 700.8 Q +(This is a non-incremental search.)5 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q +(2015 June 5)150.675 E(43)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 44 44 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(yank\255nth\255ar)108 84 Q 2.5(g\()-.1 G<4dad43ad7929>-2.5 E F0 .622 +(Insert the \214rst ar)144 96 R .622(gument to the pre)-.18 F .622 (vious command \(usually the second w)-.25 F .622(ord on the pre)-.1 F -.622(vious line\))-.25 F .794(at point.)144 616.8 R -.4(Wi)5.794 G .794 -(th an ar).4 F(gument)-.18 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.294 E F0 3.294 -(,i).24 G .794(nsert the)-3.294 F F3(n)3.294 E F0 .794(th w)B .794 +.622(vious line\))-.25 F .794(at point.)144 108 R -.4(Wi)5.794 G .794 +(th an ar).4 F(gument)-.18 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.294 E F0 3.294 +(,i).24 G .794(nsert the)-3.294 F F2(n)3.294 E F0 .794(th w)B .794 (ord from the pre)-.1 F .794(vious command \(the w)-.25 F .795 -(ords in the)-.1 F(pre)144 628.8 Q .292(vious command be)-.25 F .292 +(ords in the)-.1 F(pre)144 120 Q .292(vious command be)-.25 F .292 (gin with w)-.15 F .291(ord 0\).)-.1 F 2.791(An)5.291 G -2.25 -.15(eg a) -2.791 H(ti).15 E .591 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .291 -(ument inserts the).18 F F3(n)2.791 E F0 .291(th w)B .291 -(ord from the end of)-.1 F .281(the pre)144 640.8 R .281(vious command.) --.25 F .281(Once the ar)5.281 F(gument)-.18 E F3(n)2.781 E F0 .281 +(ument inserts the).18 F F2(n)2.791 E F0 .291(th w)B .291 +(ord from the end of)-.1 F .281(the pre)144 132 R .281(vious command.) +-.25 F .281(Once the ar)5.281 F(gument)-.18 E F2(n)2.781 E F0 .281 (is computed, the ar)2.781 F .281(gument is e)-.18 F .282 -(xtracted as if the "!)-.15 F F3(n)A F0(")A(history e)144 652.8 Q -(xpansion had been speci\214ed.)-.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)108 664.8 Q +(xtracted as if the "!)-.15 F F2(n)A F0(")A(history e)144 144 Q +(xpansion had been speci\214ed.)-.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)108 156 Q 2.5(g\()-.1 G -1.667(M\255. ,)-2.5 F -1.667(M\255_ \))2.5 F F0 1.308 -(Insert the last ar)144 676.8 R 1.308(gument to the pre)-.18 F 1.307 +(Insert the last ar)144 168 R 1.308(gument to the pre)-.18 F 1.307 (vious command \(the last w)-.25 F 1.307(ord of the pre)-.1 F 1.307 -(vious history entry\).)-.25 F -.4(Wi)144 688.8 S .203(th a numeric ar) -.4 F .203(gument, beha)-.18 F .504 -.15(ve ex)-.2 H .204(actly lik).15 F -(e)-.1 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)2.704 E(g)-.1 E F0 5.204(.S)C(uccessi) --5.204 E .504 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .204(alls to).15 F F1(yank\255last\255ar) -2.704 E(g)-.1 E F0(mo)144 700.8 Q .807 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .507 +(vious history entry\).)-.25 F -.4(Wi)144 180 S .203(th a numeric ar).4 +F .203(gument, beha)-.18 F .504 -.15(ve ex)-.2 H .204(actly lik).15 F(e) +-.1 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)2.704 E(g)-.1 E F0 5.204(.S)C(uccessi)-5.204 +E .504 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .204(alls to).15 F F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.704 E +(g)-.1 E F0(mo)144 192 Q .807 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .507 (ack through the history list, inserting the last w).15 F .507 (ord \(or the w)-.1 F .507(ord speci\214ed by the ar)-.1 F(gument)-.18 E -1.396(to the \214rst call\) of each line in turn.)144 712.8 R(An)6.396 E +1.396(to the \214rst call\) of each line in turn.)144 204 R(An)6.396 E 3.896(yn)-.15 G 1.396(umeric ar)-3.896 F 1.397 (gument supplied to these successi)-.18 F 1.697 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(alls) -.15 E .492(determines the direction to mo)144 724.8 R .792 -.15(ve t) --.15 H .492(hrough the history).15 F 5.491(.A)-.65 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga) --.15 G(ti).05 E .791 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .491 -(ument switches the direction).18 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6) -149.285 E(43)198.445 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 44 44 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .494 -(through the history \(back or forw)144 84 R 2.994(ard\). The)-.1 F .494 -(history e)2.994 F .494(xpansion f)-.15 F .494(acilities are used to e) --.1 F .494(xtract the last)-.15 F -.1(wo)144 96 S -(rd, as if the "!$" history e).1 E(xpansion had been speci\214ed.)-.15 E -/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(shell\255expand\255line \(M\255C\255e\))108 108 Q -F0 .623(Expand the line as the shell does.)144 120 R .622 +.15 E .492(determines the direction to mo)144 216 R .792 -.15(ve t)-.15 +H .492(hrough the history).15 F 5.491(.A)-.65 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G +(ti).05 E .791 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .491 +(ument switches the direction).18 F .494 +(through the history \(back or forw)144 228 R 2.994(ard\). The)-.1 F +.494(history e)2.994 F .494(xpansion f)-.15 F .494 +(acilities are used to e)-.1 F .494(xtract the last)-.15 F -.1(wo)144 +240 S(rd, as if the "!$" history e).1 E(xpansion had been speci\214ed.) +-.15 E F1(shell\255expand\255line \(M\255C\255e\))108 252 Q F0 .623 +(Expand the line as the shell does.)144 264 R .622 (This performs alias and history e)5.622 F .622 -(xpansion as well as all of the)-.15 F(shell w)144 132 Q(ord e)-.1 E 2.5 -(xpansions. See)-.15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)2.5 E(OR)-.162 E 2.25 +(xpansion as well as all of the)-.15 F(shell w)144 276 Q(ord e)-.1 E 2.5 +(xpansions. See)-.15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)2.5 E(OR)-.162 E 2.25 (YE)-.315 G(XP)-2.25 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)2.25 E 2.5(wf)-.25 G (or a description of history e)-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 -(history\255expand\255line \(M\255^\))108 144 Q F0 .938 -(Perform history e)144 156 R .939(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F -(See)5.939 E F2(HIST)3.439 E(OR)-.162 E 3.189(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.189 E +(history\255expand\255line \(M\255^\))108 288 Q F0 .938 +(Perform history e)144 300 R .939(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F +(See)5.939 E F3(HIST)3.439 E(OR)-.162 E 3.189(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.189 E (ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.189 E 3.439(wf)-.25 G .939(or a descrip-) --3.439 F(tion of history e)144 168 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(magic\255space) -108 180 Q F0 1.627(Perform history e)144 192 R 1.627 -(xpansion on the current line and insert a space.)-.15 F(See)6.626 E F2 +-3.439 F(tion of history e)144 312 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(magic\255space) +108 324 Q F0 1.627(Perform history e)144 336 R 1.627 +(xpansion on the current line and insert a space.)-.15 F(See)6.626 E F3 (HIST)4.126 E(OR)-.162 E 3.876(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.876 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0 -(belo)144 204 Q 2.5(wf)-.25 G(or a description of history e)-2.5 E -(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(alias\255expand\255line)108 216 Q F0 .394 -(Perform alias e)144 228 R .394(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F -(See)5.395 E F2(ALIASES)2.895 E F0(abo)2.645 E .695 -.15(ve f)-.15 H -.395(or a description of alias e).15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)144 240 Q F1 -(history\255and\255alias\255expand\255line)108 252 Q F0 -(Perform history and alias e)144 264 Q(xpansion on the current line.) --.15 E F1(insert\255last\255ar)108 276 Q(gument \(M\255.)-.1 E 2.5(,M) -.833 G -1.667(\255_ \))-2.5 F F0 2.5(As)144 288 S(ynon)-2.5 E(ym for) +(belo)144 348 Q 2.5(wf)-.25 G(or a description of history e)-2.5 E +(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(alias\255expand\255line)108 360 Q F0 .394 +(Perform alias e)144 372 R .394(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F +(See)5.395 E F3(ALIASES)2.895 E F0(abo)2.645 E .695 -.15(ve f)-.15 H +.395(or a description of alias e).15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)144 384 Q F1 +(history\255and\255alias\255expand\255line)108 396 Q F0 +(Perform history and alias e)144 408 Q(xpansion on the current line.) +-.15 E F1(insert\255last\255ar)108 420 Q(gument \(M\255.)-.1 E 2.5(,M) +.833 G -1.667(\255_ \))-2.5 F F0 2.5(As)144 432 S(ynon)-2.5 E(ym for) -.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 -(operate\255and\255get\255next \(C\255o\))108 300 Q F0 .948 -(Accept the current line for e)144 312 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .948 +(operate\255and\255get\255next \(C\255o\))108 444 Q F0 .948 +(Accept the current line for e)144 456 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .948 (cution and fetch the ne).15 F .948(xt line relati)-.15 F 1.247 -.15 (ve t)-.25 H 3.447(ot).15 G .947(he current line from the)-3.447 F -(history for editing.)144 324 Q(An)5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-2.5 G +(history for editing.)144 468 Q(An)5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-2.5 G (ument is ignored.).18 E F1 -(edit\255and\255execute\255command \(C\255xC\255e\))108 336 Q F0(In)144 -348 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.226 -.1(ke a).2 H 3.526(ne).1 G 1.026 +(edit\255and\255execute\255command \(C\255xC\255e\))108 480 Q F0(In)144 +492 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.226 -.1(ke a).2 H 3.526(ne).1 G 1.026 (ditor on the current command line, and e)-3.526 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.026 (cute the result as shell commands.).15 F F1(Bash)6.026 E F0 -(attempts to in)144 360 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F2($VISU)2.6 E(AL) --.54 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F2($EDIT)2.25 E(OR)-.162 E F3(,)A F0 -(and)2.25 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(emacs)2.5 E F0(as the editor)2.5 E -2.5(,i)-.4 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(hat order)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(Commands f)87 -376.8 Q(or Changing T)-.25 E(ext)-.92 E F4(end\255of\255\214le)108 388.8 -Q F1(\(usually C\255d\))2.5 E F0 .799 -(The character indicating end-of-\214le as set, for e)144 400.8 R .799 +(attempts to in)144 504 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F3($VISU)2.6 E(AL) +-.54 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3($EDIT)2.25 E(OR)-.162 E F4(,)A F0 +(and)2.25 E F2(emacs)2.5 E F0(as the editor)2.5 E 2.5(,i)-.4 G 2.5(nt) +-2.5 G(hat order)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1(Commands f)87 520.8 Q(or Changing T) +-.25 E(ext)-.92 E F2(end\255of\255\214le)108 532.8 Q F1 +(\(usually C\255d\))2.5 E F0 .799 +(The character indicating end-of-\214le as set, for e)144 544.8 R .799 (xample, by)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(stty)3.299 E F0 5.799(.I)C 3.298 (ft)-5.799 G .798(his character is read when)-3.298 F .592 -(there are no characters on the line, and point is at the be)144 412.8 R +(there are no characters on the line, and point is at the be)144 556.8 R .593(ginning of the line, Readline interprets it)-.15 F -(as the end of input and returns)144 424.8 Q F2(EOF)2.5 E F3(.)A F1 -(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 436.8 Q F0 .442 -(Delete the character at point.)144 448.8 R .442 +(as the end of input and returns)144 568.8 Q F3(EOF)2.5 E F4(.)A F1 +(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 580.8 Q F0 .442 +(Delete the character at point.)144 592.8 R .442 (If this function is bound to the same character as the tty)5.442 F F1 -(EOF)2.941 E F0(char)2.941 E(-)-.2 E(acter)144 460.8 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(s) +(EOF)2.941 E F0(char)2.941 E(-)-.2 E(acter)144 604.8 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(s) -2.5 E F1(C\255d)2.5 E F0(commonly is, see abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.15 H (or the ef).15 E(fects.)-.25 E F1(backward\255delete\255char \(Rubout\)) -108 472.8 Q F0 .552(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 484.8 R +108 616.8 Q F0 .552(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 628.8 R 5.553(.W)-.55 G .553(hen gi)-5.553 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.053(nan).15 G .553 (umeric ar)-3.053 F .553(gument, sa)-.18 F .853 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .553 -(he deleted te).15 F .553(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 496.8 Q F1 --.25(fo)108 508.8 S(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .474 -(Delete the character under the cursor)144 520.8 R 2.974(,u)-.4 G .474 +(he deleted te).15 F .553(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 640.8 Q F1 +-.25(fo)108 652.8 S(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .474 +(Delete the character under the cursor)144 664.8 R 2.974(,u)-.4 G .474 (nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.974 F -(character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 532.8 Q F1 -(quoted\255insert \(C\255q, C\255v\))108 544.8 Q F0 .778(Add the ne)144 -556.8 R .779(xt character typed to the line v)-.15 F 3.279 +(character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 676.8 Q F1 +(quoted\255insert \(C\255q, C\255v\))108 688.8 Q F0 .778(Add the ne)144 +700.8 R .779(xt character typed to the line v)-.15 F 3.279 (erbatim. This)-.15 F .779(is ho)3.279 F 3.279(wt)-.25 G 3.279(oi)-3.279 G .779(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F1(C\255q)3.279 E F0 3.279 -(,f)C(or)-3.279 E -.15(ex)144 568.8 S(ample.).15 E F1 -(tab\255insert \(C\255v T)108 580.8 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 -(Insert a tab character)144 592.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1 -(self\255insert \(a, b, A, 1, !, ...\))108 604.8 Q F0 -(Insert the character typed.)144 616.8 Q F1 -(transpose\255chars \(C\255t\))108 628.8 Q F0 .322 -(Drag the character before point forw)144 640.8 R .321(ard o)-.1 F -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .321 -(ving point forw)-.15 F .321(ard as well.)-.1 F 1.182 -(If point is at the end of the line, then this transposes the tw)144 -652.8 R 3.683(oc)-.1 G 1.183(haracters before point.)-3.683 F(Ne)6.183 E --.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ar)144 664.8 Q(guments ha)-.18 E -.3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.5 G(ect.).25 E F1 -(transpose\255w)108 676.8 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 E F0 .024(Drag the w)144 -688.8 R .024(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo) --.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.523(rt).15 G .023(hat w) --2.523 F .023(ord as well.)-.1 F .023(If point)5.023 F -(is at the end of the line, this transposes the last tw)144 700.8 Q 2.5 -(ow)-.1 G(ords on the line.)-2.6 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6) -149.285 E(44)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +(,f)C(or)-3.279 E -.15(ex)144 712.8 S(ample.).15 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q +(2015 June 5)150.675 E(44)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 45 45 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(upcase\255w)108 84 Q(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.698 -(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144 96 R 1.698(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.198 -(ord. W)-.1 F 1.698(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.999 -.15 -(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.699(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious) --.25 E -.1(wo)144 108 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 -H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 120 Q(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0 -(Lo)144 132 Q 1.648(wercase the current \(or follo)-.25 F 1.648 -(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.148(ord. W)-.1 F 1.647(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G -(ti).05 E 1.947 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.647(ument, lo).18 F -1.647(wercase the pre)-.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 144 S(rd, b).1 E -(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w) -108 156 Q(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.974 -(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144 168 R 1.974(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.474 -(ord. W)-.1 F 1.974(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15 -(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.975(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious) --.25 E -.1(wo)144 180 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 -H(oint.).15 E F1 -.1(ove)108 192 S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 204 -S .438(ggle o).8 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.438 G -.438(th an e).4 F .438(xplicit positi)-.15 F .737 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .437 -(umeric ar).15 F .437(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .437 -(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)144 216 S .78(th an e).4 F .781 -(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .781(umeric ar).15 F -.781(gument, switches to insert mode.)-.18 F .781(This command af)5.781 -F(fects)-.25 E(only)144 228 Q F1(emacs)4.395 E F0(mode;)4.395 E F1(vi) -4.395 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.395 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15 -F(ferently)-.25 E 6.894(.E)-.65 G 1.894(ach call to)-6.894 F/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re)4.394 G(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.894 -(starts in insert)4.394 F 3.968(mode. In)144 240 R -.15(ove)3.968 G -1.468(rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1(self\255insert)3.969 E -F0 1.469(replace the te)3.969 F 1.469(xt at point rather than)-.15 F -.958(pushing the te)144 252 R .958(xt to the right.)-.15 F .957 -(Characters bound to)5.958 F F1(backward\255delete\255char)3.457 E F0 -.957(replace the character)3.457 F(before point with a space.)144 264 Q -(By def)5 E(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87 -280.8 Q(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 292.8 Q F0 -(Kill the te)144 304.8 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1 -(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 316.8 Q F0(Kill backw) -144 328.8 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1 -(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 340.8 Q F0(Kill backw)144 352.8 +SF(tab\255insert \(C\255v T)108 84 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 +(Insert a tab character)144 96 Q(.)-.55 E F1 +(self\255insert \(a, b, A, 1, !, ...\))108 108 Q F0 +(Insert the character typed.)144 120 Q F1(transpose\255chars \(C\255t\)) +108 132 Q F0 .322(Drag the character before point forw)144 144 R .321 +(ard o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321 +(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .321(ving point forw)-.15 F .321 +(ard as well.)-.1 F 1.182 +(If point is at the end of the line, then this transposes the tw)144 156 +R 3.683(oc)-.1 G 1.183(haracters before point.)-3.683 F(Ne)6.183 E -.05 +(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ar)144 168 Q(guments ha)-.18 E .3 +-.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.5 G(ect.).25 E F1 +(transpose\255w)108 180 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 E F0 .024(Drag the w)144 +192 R .024(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo) +-.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.523(rt).15 G .023(hat w) +-2.523 F .023(ord as well.)-.1 F .023(If point)5.023 F +(is at the end of the line, this transposes the last tw)144 204 Q 2.5 +(ow)-.1 G(ords on the line.)-2.6 E F1(upcase\255w)108 216 Q +(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.698(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144 228 +R 1.698(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.198(ord. W)-.1 F 1.698(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga) +-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.999 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.699 +(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 240 S(rd, b).1 E +(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 252 Q +(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 264 Q 1.648 +(wercase the current \(or follo)-.25 F 1.648(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.148 +(ord. W)-.1 F 1.647(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.947 -.15 +(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.647(ument, lo).18 F 1.647(wercase the pre) +-.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 276 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 +-.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 288 Q +(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.974(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144 300 +R 1.974(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.474(ord. W)-.1 F 1.974(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga) +-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.975 +(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 312 S(rd, b).1 +E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1 -.1(ove)108 324 +S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 336 S .438(ggle o).8 F -.15(ve)-.15 +G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.438 G .438(th an e).4 F .438 +(xplicit positi)-.15 F .737 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .437(umeric ar).15 F .437 +(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4 +(Wi)144 348 S .78(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 -.15 +(ve n)-.25 H .781(umeric ar).15 F .781(gument, switches to insert mode.) +-.18 F .781(This command af)5.781 F(fects)-.25 E(only)144 360 Q F1 +(emacs)4.395 E F0(mode;)4.395 E F1(vi)4.395 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.395 +F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15 F(ferently)-.25 E 6.894(.E)-.65 G +1.894(ach call to)-6.894 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re)4.394 G +(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.894(starts in insert)4.394 F 3.968(mode. In)144 +372 R -.15(ove)3.968 G 1.468(rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1 +(self\255insert)3.969 E F0 1.469(replace the te)3.969 F 1.469 +(xt at point rather than)-.15 F .958(pushing the te)144 384 R .958 +(xt to the right.)-.15 F .957(Characters bound to)5.958 F F1 +(backward\255delete\255char)3.457 E F0 .957(replace the character)3.457 +F(before point with a space.)144 396 Q(By def)5 E +(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87 412.8 Q +(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 424.8 Q F0(Kill the te)144 +436.8 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1 +(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 448.8 Q F0(Kill backw) +144 460.8 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1 +(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 472.8 Q F0(Kill backw)144 484.8 Q(ard from point to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E (The killed te)5 E(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt) --2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 364.8 Q F0 +-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 496.8 Q F0 (Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.)144 -376.8 Q F1(kill\255w)108 388.8 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .728 -(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 400.8 R .729 +508.8 Q F1(kill\255w)108 520.8 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .728 +(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 532.8 R .729 (ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .729 -(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 412.8 S +(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 544.8 S (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -.25(fo)2.5 G -(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 424.8 Q -(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 436.8 Q(ord behind point.) +(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 556.8 Q +(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 568.8 Q(ord behind point.) -.1 E -.8(Wo)5 G(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 448.8 Q -(ord)-.1 E F0 .729(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 460.8 +(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 580.8 Q +(ord)-.1 E F0 .729(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 592.8 R .728(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F -.728(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 472.8 S +.728(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 604.8 S (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1(shell\255f)2.5 E (orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255backward\255kill\255w) -108 484.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0 3.025(Kill the w)144 496.8 R 3.025 +108 616.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0 3.025(Kill the w)144 628.8 R 3.025 (ord behind point.)-.1 F -.8(Wo)8.025 G 3.025 (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 F F1(shell\255back-) -5.525 E(ward\255w)144 508.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 520.8 Q -(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .365(Kill the w)144 532.8 R .365 +5.525 E(ward\255w)144 640.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 652.8 Q +(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .365(Kill the w)144 664.8 R .365 (ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .364(ord boundary)-.1 F 5.364(.T)-.65 G .364(he killed te)-5.364 F .364(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15 (ve)-.2 G 2.864(do).15 G 2.864(nt)-2.864 G(he)-2.864 E(kill-ring.)144 -544.8 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 556.8 Q F0 .166(Kill the w) -144 568.8 R .166 +676.8 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 688.8 Q F0 .166(Kill the w) +144 700.8 R .166 (ord behind point, using white space and the slash character as the w) --.1 F .167(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.167 E(killed te)144 580.8 Q +-.1 F .167(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.167 E(killed te)144 712.8 Q (xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he kill-ring.) --2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 592.8 Q F0 -(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 604.8 Q F1(kill\255r)108 -616.8 Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 628.8 Q(xt in the current re) --.15 E(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 640.8 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E -F0(Cop)144 652.8 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E -(gion to the kill b)-.15 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F1 -(copy\255backward\255w)108 664.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 676.8 Q 4.801 -(yt)-.1 G 2.301(he w)-4.801 F 2.301(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F -(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.3 -(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.8 E(ward\255w)144 688.8 -Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 700.8 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E -F0(Cop)144 712.8 Q 4.507(yt)-.1 G 2.007(he w)-4.507 F 2.007(ord follo) --.1 F 2.007(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.008 -(.T)-.55 G 2.008(he w)-7.008 F 2.008(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 -F F1 -.25(fo)4.508 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 724.8 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.) -A(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(45)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +-2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(45)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 46 46 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(yank \(C\255y\))108 84 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 96 S +SF(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 84 Q F0 +(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 96 Q F1(kill\255r)108 108 +Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 120 Q(xt in the current re)-.15 E +(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 132 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E F0(Cop) +144 144 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E +(gion to the kill b)-.15 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F1 +(copy\255backward\255w)108 156 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 168 Q 4.801(yt)-.1 +G 2.301(he w)-4.801 F 2.301(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2 +E(fer)-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.3 +(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.8 E(ward\255w)144 180 Q +(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 192 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0 +(Cop)144 204 Q 4.507(yt)-.1 G 2.007(he w)-4.507 F 2.007(ord follo)-.1 F +2.007(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.008(.T)-.55 +G 2.008(he w)-7.008 F 2.008(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 -.25 +(fo)4.508 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 216 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 +(yank \(C\255y\))108 228 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 240 S (nk the top of the kill ring into the b)1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer at point.)-.25 -E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 108 Q F0 -(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 120 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5 +E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 252 Q F0 +(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 264 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5 (op. Only)-2.5 F -.1(wo)2.5 G(rks follo).1 E(wing)-.25 E F1(yank)2.5 E -F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 136.8 Q -(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 148.8 Q +F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 280.8 Q +(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 292.8 Q (gument \(M\2550, M\2551, ..., M\255\255\))-.1 E F0 .367 -(Add this digit to the ar)144 160.8 R .367 +(Add this digit to the ar)144 304.8 R .367 (gument already accumulating, or start a ne)-.18 F 2.867(wa)-.25 G -.18 (rg)-2.867 G 2.867(ument. M\255\255).18 F .366(starts a ne)2.867 F -.05 -(ga)-.15 G(-).05 E(ti)144 172.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G -(ument.).18 E F1(uni)108 184.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 -E F0 .778(This is another w)144 196.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F +(ga)-.15 G(-).05 E(ti)144 316.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G +(ument.).18 E F1(uni)108 328.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 +E F0 .778(This is another w)144 340.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F 3.279(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .779 (wed by one or more digits,)-.25 F 1.376 (optionally with a leading minus sign, those digits de\214ne the ar)144 -208.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144 -220.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni) +352.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144 +364.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni) 3.67 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(ag)3.67 E 1.17 (ain ends the numeric ar)-.05 F 1.17(gument, b)-.18 F 1.17(ut is other) --.2 F(-)-.2 E .899(wise ignored.)144 232.8 R .898 +-.2 F(-)-.2 E .899(wise ignored.)144 376.8 R .898 (As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.899 F .898 (wed by a character that is)-.25 F 1.23 -(neither a digit nor minus sign, the ar)144 244.8 R 1.23 +(neither a digit nor minus sign, the ar)144 388.8 R 1.23 (gument count for the ne)-.18 F 1.23(xt command is multiplied by four) --.15 F(.)-.55 E .823(The ar)144 256.8 R .823 +-.15 F(.)-.55 E .823(The ar)144 400.8 R .823 (gument count is initially one, so e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .823 (cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .822(es the ar)-.1 F -(gument)-.18 E(count four)144 268.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)-2.5 +(gument)-.18 E(count four)144 412.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)-2.5 E(es the ar)-.1 E(gument count sixteen, and so on.)-.18 E F1(Completing) -87 285.6 Q(complete \(T)108 297.6 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137 -(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 309.6 R 1.137 +87 429.6 Q(complete \(T)108 441.6 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137 +(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 453.6 R 1.137 (xt before point.)-.15 F F1(Bash)6.137 E F0 1.137 -(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 321.6 Q .533(xt as a v) +(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 465.6 Q .533(xt as a v) -.15 F .533(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .533(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with) -.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .532(xt be)-.15 F .532(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.032 E F0 .532(\), hostname \(if the)B(te) -144 333.6 Q .701(xt be)-.15 F .701(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.201 E F0 .701 +144 477.6 Q .701(xt be)-.15 F .701(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.201 E F0 .701 (\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .702 (If none of these pro-)5.701 F -(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 345.6 Q F1 -(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 357.6 Q F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 369.6 Q(xt before point.) --.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 381.6 Q F0 .783 -(Insert all completions of the te)144 393.6 R .783 +(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 489.6 Q F1 +(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 501.6 Q F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 513.6 Q(xt before point.) +-.15 E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 525.6 Q F0 .783 +(Insert all completions of the te)144 537.6 R .783 (xt before point that w)-.15 F .783(ould ha)-.1 F 1.083 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .783(een generated by).15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.282 E(pletions)144 -405.6 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 417.6 Q F0 .928(Similar to)144 -429.6 R F1(complete)3.428 E F0 3.428(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.628 +549.6 Q F0(.)A F1(menu\255complete)108 561.6 Q F0 .928(Similar to)144 +573.6 R F1(complete)3.428 E F0 3.428(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.628 F .929(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F -1.194(possible completions.)144 441.6 R 1.194(Repeated e)6.194 F -.15 +1.194(possible completions.)144 585.6 R 1.194(Repeated e)6.194 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G 1.194(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.193 (steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .828 -(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 453.6 R .828 +(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 597.6 R .828 (At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung)5.828 F .727 -(\(subject to the setting of)144 465.6 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0 +(\(subject to the setting of)144 609.6 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0 3.227(\)a)C .727(nd the original te)-3.227 F .727(xt is restored.)-.15 F .727(An ar)5.727 F .727(gument of)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.227 E F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.227 E F0 1.73 -(positions forw)144 477.6 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F +(positions forw)144 621.6 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.03 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.73 (ument may be used to mo).18 F 2.03 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ackw).15 E(ard)-.1 -E(through the list.)144 489.6 Q(This command is intended to be bound to) +E(through the list.)144 633.6 Q(This command is intended to be bound to) 5 E F1 -.9(TA)2.5 G(B).9 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut is unbound by def)-2.7 E -(ault.)-.1 E F1(menu\255complete\255backward)108 501.6 Q F0 .82 -(Identical to)144 513.6 R F1(menu\255complete)3.32 E F0 3.32(,b)C .82 +(ault.)-.1 E F1(menu\255complete\255backward)108 645.6 Q F0 .82 +(Identical to)144 657.6 R F1(menu\255complete)3.32 E F0 3.32(,b)C .82 (ut mo)-3.52 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.32(sb).15 G(ackw)-3.32 E .82 (ard through the list of possible completions, as if)-.1 F F1 -(menu\255complete)144 525.6 Q F0(had been gi)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 +(menu\255complete)144 669.6 Q F0(had been gi)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 (nan).15 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-2.5 H(ti).15 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg) .15 G 2.5(ument. This).18 F(command is unbound by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E -F1(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 537.6 Q F0 .234 -(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 549.6 R +F1(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 681.6 Q F0 .234 +(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 693.6 R .234(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char) -2.735 E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 561.6 R -.15 +2.735 E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 705.6 R -.15 (ve)-.2 G 2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1 (possible\255completions)2.925 E F0 5.425(.T)C .425 -(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144 573.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 585.6 Q F0 -(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 597.6 Q(xt before point.) --.15 E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 609.6 Q -F0(List the possible completions of the te)144 621.6 Q -(xt before point, treating it as a \214lename.)-.15 E F1 -(complete\255user)108 633.6 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 645.6 Q -(xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(possible\255user) -108 657.6 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 669.6 Q -(xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(complete\255v)108 -681.6 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144 -693.6 Q(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E -F1(possible\255v)108 705.6 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E -F0(List the possible completions of the te)144 717.6 Q -(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(46)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144 717.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(46)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 47 47 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 84 Q F0 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 96 Q -(xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1 -(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 108 Q F0 +SF(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 84 Q F0 +(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 96 Q(xt before point.)-.15 +E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 108 Q F0 (List the possible completions of the te)144 120 Q +(xt before point, treating it as a \214lename.)-.15 E F1 +(complete\255user)108 132 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 144 Q +(xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(possible\255user) +108 156 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 168 Q +(xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(complete\255v)108 +180 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144 192 Q +(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1 +(possible\255v)108 204 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 216 Q +(xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1 +(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 228 Q F0 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 240 Q +(xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1 +(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 252 Q F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 264 Q (xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1 -(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 132 Q F0 .58 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 144 R .581 +(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 276 Q F0 .58 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 288 R .581 (xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .581 -(Command comple-)5.581 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 156 R +(Command comple-)5.581 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 300 R .715(xt ag)-.15 F .715(ainst aliases, reserv)-.05 F .715(ed w)-.15 F .715(ords, shell functions, shell b)-.1 F .715(uiltins, and)-.2 F -(\214nally e)144 168 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(\214nally e)144 312 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G (cutable \214lenames, in that order).15 E(.)-.55 E F1 -(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 180 Q F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 192 Q +(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 324 Q F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 336 Q (xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 E F1 -(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 204 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .424 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 216 R .425 +(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 348 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .424 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 360 R .425 (xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .425 (ainst lines from the history list)-.05 F -(for possible completion matches.)144 228 Q F1(dab)108 240 Q(br)-.1 E +(for possible completion matches.)144 372 Q F1(dab)108 384 Q(br)-.1 E -.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .611 -(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 252 R .611 +(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 396 R .611 (xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .61(xt ag)-.15 F .61 (ainst lines from the his-)-.05 F -(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 264 Q F1 -(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 276 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\ +(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 408 Q F1 +(complete\255into\255braces \(M\255{\))108 420 Q F0 .4(Perform \214lena\ me completion and insert the list of possible completions enclosed with\ -in braces so)144 288 R(the list is a)144 300 Q -.25(va)-.2 G +in braces so)144 432 R(the list is a)144 444 Q -.25(va)-.2 G (ilable to the shell \(see).25 E F1(Brace Expansion)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 316.8 S(yboard Macr).25 E(os)-.18 -E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 328.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\)) -.833 E F0(Be)144 340.8 Q(gin sa)-.15 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.25(Ke)87 460.8 S(yboard Macr).25 E(os)-.18 +E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 472.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\)) +.833 E F0(Be)144 484.8 Q(gin sa)-.15 E (ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G -(board macro.).15 E F1(end\255kbd\255macr)108 352.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G -(C\255x \))-2.5 E(\)).833 E F0(Stop sa)144 364.8 Q +(board macro.).15 E F1(end\255kbd\255macr)108 496.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G +(C\255x \))-2.5 E(\)).833 E F0(Stop sa)144 508.8 Q (ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G (board macro and store the de\214nition.).15 E F1 -(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 376.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5 -E F0(Re-e)144 388.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 1(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 +(call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 520.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5 +E F0(Re-e)144 532.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 1(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro app\ -ear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 400.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 E F1 -(print\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 412.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(\))-2.5 E F0 -(Print the last k)144 424.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G +ear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 544.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 E F1 +(print\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 556.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(\))-2.5 E F0 +(Print the last k)144 568.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G (board macro de\214ned in a format suitable for the).15 E/F2 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1 -(Miscellaneous)87 441.6 Q -.18(re)108 453.6 S.18 E +(Miscellaneous)87 585.6 Q -.18(re)108 597.6 S.18 E (ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.776 -(Read in the contents of the)144 465.6 R F2(inputr)4.276 E(c)-.37 E F0 +(Read in the contents of the)144 609.6 R F2(inputr)4.276 E(c)-.37 E F0 1.777(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.277(yb)-.15 G 1.777 (indings or v)-4.277 F 1.777(ariable assignments)-.25 F(found there.)144 -477.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 489.6 Q F0 3.249 -(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 501.6 R +621.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 633.6 Q F0 3.249 +(Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 645.6 R 5.748(sb)-.55 G 3.248(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.748 F F1 -(bell\255style)144 513.6 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255upper)108 525.6 Q +(bell\255style)144 657.6 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255upper)108 669.6 Q (case\255v)-.18 E(ersion \(M\255a, M\255b, M\255)-.1 E F2(x)A F1 2.5(,.) -C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.755(If the meta\214ed character)144 537.6 R F2(x) +C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.755(If the meta\214ed character)144 681.6 R F2(x) 4.255 E F0 1.755(is lo)4.255 F 1.756 (wercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)-.25 F -(uppercase character)144 549.6 Q(.)-.55 E F1(pr)108 561.6 Q -(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0(Metafy the ne)144 573.6 Q +(uppercase character)144 693.6 Q(.)-.55 E F1(pr)108 705.6 Q +(e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0(Metafy the ne)144 717.6 Q (xt character typed.)-.15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ESC)5 E F1(f)2.25 E F0 -(is equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(Meta\255f)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(undo \(C\255_, C\255x C\255u\))108 585.6 Q F0 -(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 597.6 Q F1 --2.29 -.18(re v)108 609.6 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 1.095 -(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 621.6 R 1.095(This is lik)6.095 -F 3.595(ee)-.1 G -.15(xe)-3.745 G 1.095(cuting the).15 F F1(undo)3.595 E -F0 1.095(command enough times to)3.595 F -(return the line to its initial state.)144 633.6 Q F1 -(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 645.6 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 657.6 Q -(xpansion on the current w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E F1 -(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255\))108 669.6 Q F0 -(Set the mark to the point.)144 681.6 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E -(gument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.)-.18 E F1 -(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 693.6 Q F0(Sw) -144 705.6 Q .282(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283 -(The current cursor position is set to the sa)5.283 F -.15(ve)-.2 G -2.783(dp).15 G .283(osition, and the old)-2.783 F(cursor position is sa) -144 717.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(47)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +(is equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(Meta\255f)2.5 E F0(.)A +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(47)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 48 48 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(character\255sear)108 84 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.036(Ac)144 96 S +SF(undo \(C\255_, C\255x C\255u\))108 84 Q F0 +(Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line.)144 96 Q F1 +-2.29 -.18(re v)108 108 T(ert\255line \(M\255r\)).08 E F0 1.095 +(Undo all changes made to this line.)144 120 R 1.095(This is lik)6.095 F +3.595(ee)-.1 G -.15(xe)-3.745 G 1.095(cuting the).15 F F1(undo)3.595 E +F0 1.095(command enough times to)3.595 F +(return the line to its initial state.)144 132 Q F1 +(tilde\255expand \(M\255&\))108 144 Q F0(Perform tilde e)144 156 Q +(xpansion on the current w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E F1 +(set\255mark \(C\255@, M\255\))108 168 Q F0 +(Set the mark to the point.)144 180 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E +(gument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.)-.18 E F1 +(exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 192 Q F0(Sw)144 +204 Q .282(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283 +(The current cursor position is set to the sa)5.283 F -.15(ve)-.2 G +2.783(dp).15 G .283(osition, and the old)-2.783 F(cursor position is sa) +144 216 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1 +(character\255sear)108 228 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.036(Ac)144 240 S .536(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.036 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(dt) .15 G 3.035(ot)-3.035 G .535(he ne)-3.035 F .535 (xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.535(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05 (ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .835 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre) -144 108 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 120 Q -(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.543(Ac)144 132 S 1.043 +144 252 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 264 Q +(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.543(Ac)144 276 S 1.043 (haracter is read and point is mo)-3.543 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G 3.544(ot)-3.544 G 1.044(he pre)-3.544 F 1.044 (vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.044(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 144 Q F1 -(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 156 Q F0 1.827 -(Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 168 R 2.126 -.15(ey s) +(count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 288 Q F1 +(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 300 Q F0 1.827 +(Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 312 R 2.126 -.15(ey s) -.1 H 1.826(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G -4.326(sl).15 G(ik)-4.326 E(e)-.1 E .79(Home and End.)144 180 R .791 +4.326(sl).15 G(ik)-4.326 E(e)-.1 E .79(Home and End.)144 324 R .791 (Such sequences be)5.79 F .791 (gin with a Control Sequence Indicator \(CSI\), usually ESC\255[.)-.15 F -.332(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 192 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.831 +.332(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 336 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.831 (sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .631 -.15(ve n) -.2 H 2.831(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.831 G .331(ect unless e).25 F(xplic-) -.15 E .026(itly bound to a readline command, instead of inserting stra\ -y characters into the editing b)144 204 R(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.026(.T) --.55 G(his)-5.026 E(is unbound by def)144 216 Q(ault, b)-.1 E +y characters into the editing b)144 348 R(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.026(.T) +-.55 G(his)-5.026 E(is unbound by def)144 360 Q(ault, b)-.1 E (ut usually bound to ESC\255[.)-.2 E F1(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108 -228 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 240 S .481(thout a numeric ar).4 F .481 +372 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 384 S .481(thout a numeric ar).4 F .481 (gument, the v)-.18 F .481(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1 (comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va)2.981 G .48 -(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 252 Q .244 +(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 396 Q .244 (ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .245(If a numeric ar)5.244 F .245 (gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if)-.18 F .322 -(the characters at the be)144 264 R .321 +(the characters at the be)144 408 R .321 (ginning of the line do not match the v)-.15 F .321(alue of)-.25 F F1 (comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.821(,t)C .321(he v)-2.821 F .321(alue is) --.25 F .831(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 276 R F1 +-.25 F .831(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 420 R F1 (comment\255begin)3.331 E F0 .832(are deleted from the be)3.331 F .832 (ginning of the line.)-.15 F 1.469 -(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 288 R 1.468 +(In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 432 R 1.468 (wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.468(The def)6.468 F 1.468(ault v)-.1 F -1.468(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.968 E(ment\255begin)144 300 Q F0 .839 +1.468(alue of)-.25 F F1(com-)3.968 E(ment\255begin)144 444 Q F0 .839 (causes this command to mak)3.339 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839 (he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .84(If a numeric ar)5.84 F -(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 312 Q -.15 +(gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 456 Q -.15 (ve)-.15 G(d, the line will be e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(glob\255complete\255w)108 324 Q -(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .792(The w)144 336 R .791 +(cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(glob\255complete\255w)108 468 Q +(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .792(The w)144 480 R .791 (ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .791 -(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 348 +(xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 492 R(pattern is used to generate a list of matching \214lenames for possib\ -le completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 360 Q(ord \(C\255x *\)) --.1 E F0 .175(The w)144 372 R .176 +le completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 504 Q(ord \(C\255x *\)) +-.1 E F0 .175(The w)144 516 R .176 (ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .176 (xpansion, and the list of matching \214le-)-.15 F .516 -(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 384 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016 +(names is inserted, replacing the w)144 528 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016 (an)3.016 G .516(umeric ar)-3.016 F .516 (gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended)-.18 F(before pathname e) -144 396 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(glob\255list\255expansions \(C\255x g\)) -108 408 Q F0 .923(The list of e)144 420 R .923(xpansions that w)-.15 F +144 540 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(glob\255list\255expansions \(C\255x g\)) +108 552 Q F0 .923(The list of e)144 564 R .923(xpansions that w)-.15 F .923(ould ha)-.1 F 1.223 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .923(een generated by).15 F F1 (glob\255expand\255w)3.423 E(ord)-.1 E F0 .923(is displayed, and)3.423 F -.872(the line is redra)144 432 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G +.872(the line is redra)144 576 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G .872(umeric ar)-3.372 F .872 (gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before pathname)-.18 F -.15 -(ex)144 444 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 456 Q F0 .626 -(Print all of the functions and their k)144 468 R .926 -.15(ey b)-.1 H +(ex)144 588 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 600 Q F0 .626 +(Print all of the functions and their k)144 612 R .926 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .627(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .627(If a numeric ar) 5.627 F(gu-)-.18 E -(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 480 Q +(ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 624 Q (ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr) -2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 492 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0 -1.8(Print all of the settable readline v)144 504 R 1.799 +2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 636 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0 +1.8(Print all of the settable readline v)144 648 R 1.799 (ariables and their v)-.25 F 1.799(alues to the readline output stream.) --.25 F 1.799(If a)6.799 F .304(numeric ar)144 516 R .304 +-.25 F 1.799(If a)6.799 F .304(numeric ar)144 660 R .304 (gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .304 -(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)144 528 Q(c)-.37 E F0 -(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 540 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .593 -(Print all of the readline k)144 552 R .893 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592 +(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)144 672 Q(c)-.37 E F0 +(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 684 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .593 +(Print all of the readline k)144 696 R .893 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592 (equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.092(yo)-.15 G -3.092(utput. If)-3.092 F 3.092(an)3.092 G(umeric)-3.092 E(ar)144 564 Q +3.092(utput. If)-3.092 F 3.092(an)3.092 G(umeric)-3.092 E(ar)144 708 Q .528(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .528 (ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.028 E(c)-.37 E F0 -(\214le.)144 576 Q F1(display\255shell\255v)108 588 Q -(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 600 Q -(ersion information about the current instance of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E -F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 616.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .147(When w)108 -628.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)-.1 F .147 +(\214le.)144 720 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(48) +199.835 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 49 49 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(display\255shell\255v)108 84 Q(ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0 +(Display v)144 96 Q(ersion information about the current instance of) +-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 112.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 +E F0 .147(When w)108 124.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar) +-.1 F .147 (gument to a command for which a completion speci\214cation \(a)-.18 F -F2(compspec)108 640.8 Q F0 3.828(\)h)C 1.329 +/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(compspec)108 136.8 Q F0 3.828(\)h)C 1.329 (as been de\214ned using the)-3.828 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu) 3.829 G 1.329(iltin \(see).2 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.329(SHELL B)3.829 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.329(w\), the) --.25 F(programmable completion f)108 652.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2 +-.25 F(programmable completion f)108 148.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2 (vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .498 -(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 669.6 R .498 +(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 165.6 R .498 (If the command w)5.498 F .497 (ord is the empty string \(completion attempted at)-.1 F .233(the be)108 -681.6 R .233(ginning of an empty line\), an)-.15 F 2.733(yc)-.15 G .233 +177.6 R .233(ginning of an empty line\), an)-.15 F 2.733(yc)-.15 G .233 (ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.733 F F12.733 E F0 .233(option to) 2.733 F F1(complete)2.733 E F0 .233(is used.)2.733 F .234(If a comp-) 5.234 F .481(spec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is \ -used to generate the list of possible completions)108 693.6 R .822 -(for the w)108 705.6 R 3.322(ord. If)-.1 F .822(the command w)3.322 F +used to generate the list of possible completions)108 189.6 R .822 +(for the w)108 201.6 R 3.322(ord. If)-.1 F .822(the command w)3.322 F .823(ord is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is search\ -ed for)-.1 F 2.867(\214rst. If)108 717.6 R .366(no compspec is found fo\ +ed for)-.1 F 2.867(\214rst. If)108 213.6 R .366(no compspec is found fo\ r the full pathname, an attempt is made to \214nd a compspec for the po\ -rtion)2.867 F(follo)108 729.6 Q .298(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298 +rtion)2.867 F(follo)108 225.6 Q .298(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298 (If those searches do not result in a compspec, an)5.298 F 2.799(yc)-.15 -G .299(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.799 F F12.799 E F0 -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(48)198.445 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 49 49 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(option to)108 84 Q -/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(complete)2.5 E F0(is used as the def)2.5 E(ault.) --.1 E .817(Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the l\ -ist of matching w)108 100.8 R 3.317(ords. If)-.1 F 3.317(ac)3.317 G .817 -(ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108 112.8 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash) +G .299(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.799 F F12.799 E F0(option to) +108 237.6 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0(is used as the def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E +.817(Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of\ + matching w)108 254.4 R 3.317(ords. If)-.1 F 3.317(ac)3.317 G .817 +(ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108 266.4 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash) 2.5 E F0(completion as described abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Completing)2.5 E F0(is performed.)2.5 E .463 -(First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 129.6 R +(First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 283.2 R .464(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .464(ed by the w)-.15 F -.464(ord being)-.1 F .596(completed are returned.)108 141.6 R .596 +.464(ord being)-.1 F .596(completed are returned.)108 295.2 R .596 (When the)5.596 F F13.096 E F0(or)3.095 E F13.095 E F0 .595 (option is used for \214lename or directory name completion, the)3.095 F -(shell v)108 153.6 Q(ariable)-.25 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(FIGNORE)2.5 E -F0(is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 170.4 Q 4.084(yc)-.15 -G 1.584(ompletions speci\214ed by a pathname e)-4.084 F 1.584 +(shell v)108 307.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 +(is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 324 Q 4.084(yc)-.15 G +1.584(ompletions speci\214ed by a pathname e)-4.084 F 1.584 (xpansion pattern to the)-.15 F F14.084 E F0 1.584 -(option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 182.4 S +(option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 336 S .555(rds generated by the pattern need not match the w).1 F .554 -(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.554 E F2(GLOBIGNORE)3.054 E F0 .554 +(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.554 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.054 E F0 .554 (shell v)2.804 F(ari-)-.25 E -(able is not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 194.4 Q(ut the)-.2 E F2 -(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 211.2 Q +(able is not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 348 Q(ut the)-.2 E F3 +(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 364.8 Q .32(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .32(gument to the)-.18 F F12.82 E F0 .321(option is considered.)2.821 F .321 (The string is \214rst split using the)5.321 F .413(characters in the) -108 223.2 R F2(IFS)2.913 E F0 .412(special v)2.663 F .412 +108 376.8 R F3(IFS)2.913 E F0 .412(special v)2.663 F .412 (ariable as delimiters.)-.25 F .412(Shell quoting is honored.)5.412 F .412(Each w)5.412 F .412(ord is then e)-.1 F(xpanded)-.15 E .091 -(using brace e)108 235.2 R .091(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092 +(using brace e)108 388.8 R .091(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092 (xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .092 (xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.397(metic e)108 -247.2 R 1.396(xpansion, as described abo)-.15 F 1.696 -.15(ve u)-.15 H -(nder).15 E F2(EXP)3.896 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 +400.8 R 1.396(xpansion, as described abo)-.15 F 1.696 -.15(ve u)-.15 H +(nder).15 E F3(EXP)3.896 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.396(The results are split using the rules described)5.896 F(abo)108 -259.2 Q .509 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.709 G .209 +412.8 Q .509 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.709 G .209 (rd Splitting).75 F F0 5.209(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.209 F .209 (xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F .21(ainst the w)-.05 F .21 -(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 271.2 Q +(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 424.8 Q (ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E 1.238 -(After these matches ha)108 288 R 1.538 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.238 +(After these matches ha)108 441.6 R 1.538 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.238 (een generated, an).15 F 3.738(ys)-.15 G 1.237 (hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-3.738 F F13.737 E -F0(and)3.737 E F13.737 E F0 3.375(options is in)108 300 R -.2(vo) --.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.875(d. When).1 F 3.375 +F0(and)3.737 E F13.737 E F0 3.375(options is in)108 453.6 R -.2 +(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.875(d. When).1 F 3.375 (the command or function is in)5.875 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.375 -(d, the).1 F F2(COMP_LINE)5.876 E F3(,)A F2(COMP_POINT)5.626 E F3(,)A F2 -(COMP_KEY)108 312 Q F3(,)A F0(and)2.408 E F2(COMP_TYPE)2.658 E F0 -.25 +(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_LINE)5.876 E F4(,)A F3(COMP_POINT)5.626 E F4(,)A F3 +(COMP_KEY)108 465.6 Q F4(,)A F0(and)2.408 E F3(COMP_TYPE)2.658 E F0 -.25 (va)2.408 G .157(riables are assigned v).25 F .157 (alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .157 (Shell V)2.657 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 5.157(.I)C(f)-5.157 E 3.485(as)108 -324 S .986(hell function is being in)-3.485 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G -.986(d, the).1 F F2(COMP_W)3.486 E(ORDS)-.09 E F0(and)3.236 E F2 +477.6 S .986(hell function is being in)-3.485 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G +.986(d, the).1 F F3(COMP_W)3.486 E(ORDS)-.09 E F0(and)3.236 E F3 (COMP_CW)3.486 E(ORD)-.09 E F0 -.25(va)3.236 G .986 (riables are also set.).25 F(When)5.986 E .347 -(the function or command is in)108 336 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .347 +(the function or command is in)108 489.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .347 (d, the \214rst ar).1 F .346(gument \()-.18 F F1($1)A F0 2.846(\)i)C 2.846(st)-2.846 G .346(he name of the command whose ar)-2.846 F(guments) --.18 E .263(are being completed, the second ar)108 348 R .263(gument \() --.18 F F1($2)A F0 2.763(\)i)C 2.763(st)-2.763 G .264(he w)-2.763 F .264 -(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .264(gument \()-.18 F F1 -($3)A F0 2.764(\)i)C(s)-2.764 E .629(the w)108 360 R .629 -(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .629 +-.18 E .263(are being completed, the second ar)108 501.6 R .263 +(gument \()-.18 F F1($2)A F0 2.763(\)i)C 2.763(st)-2.763 G .264(he w) +-2.763 F .264(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .264 +(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.764(\)i)C(s)-2.764 E .629(the w)108 513.6 +R .629(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .629 (ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .628 -(No \214ltering of the generated)5.629 F .714(completions ag)108 372 R +(No \214ltering of the generated)5.629 F .714(completions ag)108 525.6 R .714(ainst the w)-.05 F .714(ord being completed is performed; the func\ tion or command has complete free-)-.1 F(dom in generating the matches.) -108 384 Q(An)108 400.8 Q 2.938(yf)-.15 G .437(unction speci\214ed with) --2.938 F F12.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G -2.937<648c>.1 G 2.937(rst. The)-2.937 F .437(function may use an)2.937 F -2.937(yo)-.15 G 2.937(ft)-2.937 G .437(he shell f)-2.937 F .437 -(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 412.8 Q F1(compgen)2.956 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.956 G .456(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956 -(og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .457 -(It must put the possible completions in the)5.456 F F2(COMPREPL)108 -424.8 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable, one per array element.)-.25 -E(Ne)108 441.6 Q .081(xt, an)-.15 F 2.581(yc)-.15 G .081 +108 537.6 Q(An)108 554.4 Q 2.938(yf)-.15 G .437 +(unction speci\214ed with)-2.938 F F12.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F +-.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.937<648c>.1 G 2.937(rst. The)-2.937 F .437 +(function may use an)2.937 F 2.937(yo)-.15 G 2.937(ft)-2.937 G .437 +(he shell f)-2.937 F .437(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 566.4 Q F1 +(compgen)2.956 E F0 -.2(bu)2.956 G .456(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 +-.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956(og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .457 +(It must put the possible completions in the)5.456 F F3(COMPREPL)108 +578.4 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable, one per array element.)-.25 +E(Ne)108 595.2 Q .081(xt, an)-.15 F 2.581(yc)-.15 G .081 (ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.581 F F12.581 E F0 .081 (option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.581(di).1 G 2.58(na) -2.581 G 2.58(ne)-2.58 G -.4(nv)-2.58 G .08(ironment equi).4 F -.25(va) --.25 G .08(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.858(stitution. It)108 453.6 R +-.25 G .08(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.858(stitution. It)108 607.2 R .359(should print a list of completions, one per line, to the standard \ output.)2.858 F .359(Backslash may be used)5.359 F(to escape a ne)108 -465.6 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E .377 -(After all of the possible completions are generated, an)108 482.4 R -2.877<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F F12.876 -E F0 .376(option is applied to the)2.876 F 3.181(list. The)108 494.4 R -.681(\214lter is a pattern as used for pathname e)3.181 F .681 -(xpansion; a)-.15 F F1(&)3.181 E F0 .682 -(in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.182 F .682(xt of)-.15 F .523 -(the w)108 506.4 R .523(ord being completed.)-.1 F 3.023(Al)5.523 G -(iteral)-3.023 E F1(&)3.023 E F0 .522 +619.2 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E .377 +(After all of the possible completions are generated, an)108 636 R 2.877 +<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F F12.876 E F0 +.376(option is applied to the)2.876 F 3.181(list. The)108 648 R .681 +(\214lter is a pattern as used for pathname e)3.181 F .681(xpansion; a) +-.15 F F1(&)3.181 E F0 .682(in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.182 +F .682(xt of)-.15 F .523(the w)108 660 R .523(ord being completed.)-.1 F +3.023(Al)5.523 G(iteral)-3.023 E F1(&)3.023 E F0 .522 (may be escaped with a backslash; the backslash is remo)3.022 F -.15(ve) --.15 G 3.022(db).15 G(efore)-3.022 E .849(attempting a match.)108 518.4 -R(An)5.849 E 3.349(yc)-.15 G .849 +-.15 G 3.022(db).15 G(efore)-3.022 E .849(attempting a match.)108 672 R +(An)5.849 E 3.349(yc)-.15 G .849 (ompletion that matches the pattern will be remo)-3.349 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.35(df).15 G .85(rom the list.)-3.35 F 3.35(Al)5.85 G(eading)-3.35 E F1 -(!)3.35 E F0(ne)108 530.4 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G .764 +(!)3.35 E F0(ne)108 684 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G .764 (tes the pattern; in this case an).05 F 3.264(yc)-.15 G .764 (ompletion not matching the pattern will be remo)-3.264 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -3.264(d. If).15 F(the)3.264 E F1(nocase-)3.264 E(match)108 542.4 Q F0 +3.264(d. If).15 F(the)3.264 E F1(nocase-)3.264 E(match)108 696 Q F0 (shell option is enabled, the match is performed without re)2.5 E -.05 (ga)-.15 G(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 E(Finally)108 -559.2 Q 3.086(,a)-.65 G .886 -.15(ny p)-3.086 H .586(re\214x and suf).15 +712.8 Q 3.086(,a)-.65 G .886 -.15(ny p)-3.086 H .586(re\214x and suf).15 F .587(\214x speci\214ed with the)-.25 F F13.087 E F0(and)3.087 E F13.087 E F0 .587(options are added to each member of the com-) 3.087 F(pletion list, and the result is returned to the readline comple\ -tion code as the list of possible completions.)108 571.2 Q .247 -(If the pre)108 588 R .247(viously-applied actions do not generate an) --.25 F 2.747(ym)-.15 G .247(atches, and the)-2.747 F F1 .247(\255o dir) -2.747 F(names)-.15 E F0 .247(option w)2.747 F .246(as supplied to)-.1 F -F1(complete)108 600 Q F0(when the compspec w)2.5 E +tion code as the list of possible completions.)108 724.8 Q(GNU Bash 4.4) +72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(49)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 50 50 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .247(If the pre) +108 84 R .247(viously-applied actions do not generate an)-.25 F 2.747 +(ym)-.15 G .247(atches, and the)-2.747 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF .247 +(\255o dir)2.747 F(names)-.15 E F0 .247(option w)2.747 F .246 +(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)108 96 Q F0(when the compspec w)2.5 E (as de\214ned, directory name completion is attempted.)-.1 E .461 -(If the)108 616.8 R F1 .462(\255o plusdirs)2.961 F F0 .462(option w) +(If the)108 112.8 R F1 .462(\255o plusdirs)2.961 F F0 .462(option w) 2.962 F .462(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)2.962 E F0 .462 (when the compspec w)2.962 F .462(as de\214ned, directory name com-)-.1 -F(pletion is attempted and an)108 628.8 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G +F(pletion is attempted and an)108 124.8 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G (atches are added to the results of the other actions.)-2.5 E .56 -(By def)108 645.6 R .56(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15 +(By def)108 141.6 R .56(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G 3.06(ri).15 G 3.06(tg)-3.06 G .559 (enerates is returned to the completion code as the full set)-3.06 F -.631(of possible completions.)108 657.6 R .631(The def)5.631 F(ault)-.1 +.631(of possible completions.)108 153.6 R .631(The def)5.631 F(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)3.131 E F0 .631 (completions are not attempted, and the readline def)3.131 F .632 -(ault of \214le-)-.1 F .559(name completion is disabled.)108 669.6 R +(ault of \214le-)-.1 F .559(name completion is disabled.)108 165.6 R .559(If the)5.559 F F1 .559(\255o bashdefault)3.059 F F0 .559(option w) 3.059 F .559(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.058 E F0 .558 -(when the compspec)3.058 F -.1(wa)108 681.6 S 3.171(sd).1 G .671 +(when the compspec)3.058 F -.1(wa)108 177.6 S 3.171(sd).1 G .671 (e\214ned, the)-3.171 F F1(bash)3.171 E F0(def)3.171 E .671 (ault completions are attempted if the compspec generates no matches.) --.1 F .672(If the)5.672 F F13.172 E(default)108 693.6 Q F0 1.207 +-.1 F .672(If the)5.672 F F13.172 E(default)108 189.6 Q F0 1.207 (option w)3.707 F 1.207(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.707 E F0 1.207(when the compspec w)3.707 F 1.207(as de\214ned, readline')-.1 F 3.707(sd)-.55 G(ef)-3.707 E 1.206(ault completion)-.1 F (will be performed if the compspec \(and, if attempted, the def)108 -705.6 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completions\) generate no matches.) -2.5 E 2.232(When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is\ - desired, the programmable completion)108 722.4 R(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q -(2015 April 6)149.285 E(49)198.445 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 50 50 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .216(functions fo\ -rce readline to append a slash to completed names which are symbolic li\ -nks to directories, sub-)108 84 R 1.448(ject to the v)108 96 R 1.448 -(alue of the)-.25 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(mark\255dir)3.948 E(ectories) --.18 E F0 1.448(readline v)3.948 F 1.448(ariable, re)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 -G 1.448(rdless of the setting of the).05 F F1(mark-sym-)3.948 E(link)108 -108 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(readline v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 -E .191(There is some support for dynamically modifying completions.)108 -124.8 R .19(This is most useful when used in combina-)5.191 F 1.33 -(tion with a def)108 136.8 R 1.33(ault completion speci\214ed with)-.1 F +201.6 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completions\) generate no matches.) +2.5 E .245(When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is \ +desired, the programmable completion func-)108 218.4 R .633(tions force\ + readline to append a slash to completed names which are symbolic links\ + to directories, subject)108 230.4 R 2.761(to the v)108 242.4 R 2.761 +(alue of the)-.25 F F1(mark\255dir)5.261 E(ectories)-.18 E F0 2.761 +(readline v)5.261 F 2.761(ariable, re)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.762 +(rdless of the setting of the).05 F F1(mark-sym-)5.262 E(link)108 254.4 +Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(readline v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E +.191(There is some support for dynamically modifying completions.)108 +271.2 R .19(This is most useful when used in combina-)5.191 F 1.33 +(tion with a def)108 283.2 R 1.33(ault completion speci\214ed with)-.1 F F1 1.33(complete -D)3.83 F F0 6.33(.I)C(t')-6.33 E 3.83(sp)-.55 G 1.33 (ossible for shell functions e)-3.83 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.33(cuted as).15 F .93(completion handlers to indicate that completion should be retried\ - by returning an e)108 148.8 R .93(xit status of 124.)-.15 F .93(If a) + by returning an e)108 295.2 R .93(xit status of 124.)-.15 F .93(If a) 5.93 F .1(shell function returns 124, and changes the compspec associat\ -ed with the command on which completion is)108 160.8 R .666 -(being attempted \(supplied as the \214rst ar)108 172.8 R .665 +ed with the command on which completion is)108 307.2 R .666 +(being attempted \(supplied as the \214rst ar)108 319.2 R .665 (gument when the function is e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .665 (cuted\), programmable completion).15 F .083(restarts from the be)108 -184.8 R .084(ginning, with an attempt to \214nd a ne)-.15 F 2.584(wc) +331.2 R .084(ginning, with an attempt to \214nd a ne)-.15 F 2.584(wc) -.25 G .084(ompspec for that command.)-2.584 F .084(This allo)5.084 F -.084(ws a set of)-.25 F(completions to be b)108 196.8 Q(uilt dynamicall\ +.084(ws a set of)-.25 F(completions to be b)108 343.2 Q(uilt dynamicall\ y as completion is attempted, rather than being loaded all at once.)-.2 -E -.15(Fo)108 213.6 S 2.637(ri).15 G .137 +E -.15(Fo)108 360 S 2.637(ri).15 G .137 (nstance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each k)-2.637 F .137(ept in a \214le corresponding to the name of)-.1 F -(the command, the follo)108 225.6 Q(wing def)-.25 E +(the command, the follo)108 372 Q(wing def)-.25 E (ault completion function w)-.1 E(ould load completions dynamically:)-.1 -E/F2 10/Courier@0 SF(_completion_loader\(\))108 242.4 Q({)108 254.4 Q 6 -(.")144 266.4 S +E/F2 10/Courier@0 SF(_completion_loader\(\))108 388.8 Q({)108 400.8 Q 6 +(.")144 412.8 S (/etc/bash_completion.d/$1.sh" >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 124)-6 E(})108 -278.4 Q(complete -D -F _completion_loader -o bashdefault -o default)108 -290.4 Q/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 319.2 Q(OR)-.197 E(Y)-.383 E F0 -.371(When the)108 331.2 R F1 .371(\255o history)2.871 F F0 .371 +424.8 Q(complete -D -F _completion_loader -o bashdefault -o default)108 +436.8 Q/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 465.6 Q(OR)-.197 E(Y)-.383 E F0 +.371(When the)108 477.6 R F1 .371(\255o history)2.871 F F0 .371 (option to the)2.871 F F1(set)2.872 E F0 -.2(bu)2.872 G .372 (iltin is enabled, the shell pro).2 F .372(vides access to the)-.15 F/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .372(command history)2.872 F F0(,)A .305 -(the list of commands pre)108 343.2 R .305(viously typed.)-.25 F .305 +(the list of commands pre)108 489.6 R .305(viously typed.)-.25 F .305 (The v)5.305 F .304(alue of the)-.25 F/F5 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTSIZE) 2.804 E F0 -.25(va)2.554 G .304(riable is used as the number of com-).25 -F .429(mands to sa)108 355.2 R .729 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 2.929(nah).15 G .429 +F .429(mands to sa)108 501.6 R .729 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 2.929(nah).15 G .429 (istory list.)-2.929 F .429(The te)5.429 F .429(xt of the last)-.15 F F5 (HISTSIZE)2.93 E F0 .43(commands \(def)2.68 F .43(ault 500\) is sa)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.93(d. The).15 F(shell)2.93 E .287 (stores each command in the history list prior to parameter and v)108 -367.2 R .287(ariable e)-.25 F .287(xpansion \(see)-.15 F F5(EXP)2.787 E -(ANSION)-.666 E F0(abo)2.537 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E -.2(bu)108 379.2 +513.6 R .287(ariable e)-.25 F .287(xpansion \(see)-.15 F F5(EXP)2.787 E +(ANSION)-.666 E F0(abo)2.537 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E -.2(bu)108 525.6 S 4.065(ta).2 G 1.565(fter history e)-4.065 F 1.565 (xpansion is performed, subject to the v)-.15 F 1.565 (alues of the shell v)-.25 F(ariables)-.25 E F5(HISTIGNORE)4.065 E F0 -(and)3.816 E F5(HISTCONTR)108 391.2 Q(OL)-.27 E/F6 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) +(and)3.816 E F5(HISTCONTR)108 537.6 Q(OL)-.27 E/F6 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) A F0 .082 (On startup, the history is initialized from the \214le named by the v) -108 408 R(ariable)-.25 E F5(HISTFILE)2.582 E F0(\(def)2.332 E(ault)-.1 E -F4(~/.bash_history)2.582 E F0(\).)A .315(The \214le named by the v)108 -420 R .315(alue of)-.25 F F5(HISTFILE)2.815 E F0 .315 +108 554.4 R(ariable)-.25 E F5(HISTFILE)2.582 E F0(\(def)2.332 E(ault)-.1 +E F4(~/.bash_history)2.582 E F0(\).)A .315(The \214le named by the v)108 +566.4 R .315(alue of)-.25 F F5(HISTFILE)2.815 E F0 .315 (is truncated, if necessary)2.565 F 2.815(,t)-.65 G 2.815(oc)-2.815 G .315(ontain no more than the number of)-2.815 F .659 -(lines speci\214ed by the v)108 432 R .659(alue of)-.25 F F5 +(lines speci\214ed by the v)108 578.4 R .659(alue of)-.25 F F5 (HISTFILESIZE)3.158 E F6(.)A F0(If)5.158 E F1(HISTFILESIZE)3.158 E F0 -.658(is unset, or set to null, a non-numeric)3.158 F -.25(va)108 444 S +.658(is unset, or set to null, a non-numeric)3.158 F -.25(va)108 590.4 S .142(lue, or a numeric v).25 F .142 (alue less than zero, the history \214le is not truncated.)-.25 F .142 -(When the history \214le is read, lines)5.142 F(be)108 456 Q 1.605 +(When the history \214le is read, lines)5.142 F(be)108 602.4 Q 1.605 (ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F 1.604 (wed immediately by a digit are interpreted as time-)-.25 F .098 -(stamps for the preceding history line.)108 468 R .098 +(stamps for the preceding history line.)108 614.4 R .098 (These timestamps are optionally displayed depending on the v)5.098 F -.098(alue of)-.25 F(the)108 480 Q F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.559 E(T)-.855 E F0 --.25(va)3.309 G 3.559(riable. When).25 F 3.559(as)3.559 G 1.059 +.098(alue of)-.25 F(the)108 626.4 Q F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.559 E(T)-.855 E +F0 -.25(va)3.309 G 3.559(riable. When).25 F 3.559(as)3.559 G 1.059 (hell with history enabled e)-3.559 F 1.059(xits, the last)-.15 F F5 ($HISTSIZE)3.559 E F0 1.058(lines are)3.309 F .158 -(copied from the history list to)108 492 R F5($HISTFILE)2.658 E F6(.)A +(copied from the history list to)108 638.4 R F5($HISTFILE)2.658 E F6(.)A F0 .158(If the)4.658 F F1(histappend)2.658 E F0 .159 (shell option is enabled \(see the description of)2.659 F F1(shopt)108 -504 Q F0(under)2.582 E F5 .082(SHELL B)2.582 F(UIL)-.09 E .082 +650.4 Q F0(under)2.582 E F5 .082(SHELL B)2.582 F(UIL)-.09 E .082 (TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.332 E .082 (w\), the lines are appended to the history \214le, otherwise the)-.25 F -.196(history \214le is o)108 516 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.696(rwritten. If).15 -F F5(HISTFILE)2.696 E F0 .197(is unset, or if the history \214le is unw\ -ritable, the history is not sa)2.446 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(d.).15 E .584 -(If the)108 528 R F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.084 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.834 G -.584(riable is set, time stamps are written to the history \214le, mark) -.25 F .583(ed with the his-)-.1 F 1.147(tory comment character)108 540 R +.196(history \214le is o)108 662.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.696(rwritten. If) +.15 F F5(HISTFILE)2.696 E F0 .197(is unset, or if the history \214le is\ + unwritable, the history is not sa)2.446 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(d.).15 E .584 +(If the)108 674.4 R F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.084 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.834 +G .584 +(riable is set, time stamps are written to the history \214le, mark).25 +F .583(ed with the his-)-.1 F 1.147(tory comment character)108 686.4 R 3.647(,s)-.4 G 3.647(ot)-3.647 G(he)-3.647 E 3.647(ym)-.15 G 1.147 (ay be preserv)-3.647 F 1.147(ed across shell sessions.)-.15 F 1.148 (This uses the history comment)6.148 F 1.377 -(character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines.)108 552 R -1.377(After sa)6.377 F 1.377(ving the history)-.2 F 3.876(,t)-.65 G +(character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines.)108 698.4 +R 1.377(After sa)6.377 F 1.377(ving the history)-.2 F 3.876(,t)-.65 G 1.376(he history \214le is)-3.876 F .756 -(truncated to contain no more than)108 564 R F5(HISTFILESIZE)3.257 E F0 -3.257(lines. If)3.007 F F5(HISTFILESIZE)3.257 E F0 .757 -(is unset, or set to null, a non-)3.007 F(numeric v)108 576 Q +(truncated to contain no more than)108 710.4 R F5(HISTFILESIZE)3.257 E +F0 3.257(lines. If)3.007 F F5(HISTFILESIZE)3.257 E F0 .757 +(is unset, or set to null, a non-)3.007 F(numeric v)108 722.4 Q (alue, or a numeric v)-.25 E -(alue less than zero, the history \214le is not truncated.)-.25 E .299 -(The b)108 592.8 R .299(uiltin command)-.2 F F1(fc)2.799 E F0(\(see) -2.799 E F5 .299(SHELL B)2.799 F(UIL)-.09 E .299(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 -(belo)2.549 E .298(w\) may be used to list or edit and re-e)-.25 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E .471(cute a portion of the history list.)108 604.8 R -(The)5.471 E F1(history)2.971 E F0 -.2(bu)2.971 G .472 +(alue less than zero, the history \214le is not truncated.)-.25 E +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(50)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 51 51 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .299(The b)108 84 +R .299(uiltin command)-.2 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(fc)2.799 E F0(\(see) +2.799 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .299(SHELL B)2.799 F(UIL)-.09 E .299 +(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.549 E .298 +(w\) may be used to list or edit and re-e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E +.471(cute a portion of the history list.)108 96 R(The)5.471 E F1 +(history)2.971 E F0 -.2(bu)2.971 G .472 (iltin may be used to display or modify the history list and).2 F .002 -(manipulate the history \214le.)108 616.8 R .001 +(manipulate the history \214le.)108 108 R .001 (When using command-line editing, search commands are a)5.002 F -.25(va) --.2 G .001(ilable in each edit-).25 F(ing mode that pro)108 628.8 Q -(vide access to the history list.)-.15 E 1.485(The shell allo)108 645.6 +-.2 G .001(ilable in each edit-).25 F(ing mode that pro)108 120 Q +(vide access to the history list.)-.15 E 1.485(The shell allo)108 136.8 R 1.485(ws control o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.986(rw).15 G 1.486 (hich commands are sa)-3.986 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.986(do).15 G 3.986(nt) --3.986 G 1.486(he history list.)-3.986 F(The)6.486 E F5(HISTCONTR)3.986 -E(OL)-.27 E F0(and)3.736 E F5(HISTIGNORE)108 657.6 Q F0 -.25(va)2.708 G +-3.986 G 1.486(he history list.)-3.986 F(The)6.486 E F2(HISTCONTR)3.986 +E(OL)-.27 E F0(and)3.736 E F2(HISTIGNORE)108 148.8 Q F0 -.25(va)2.708 G .458(riables may be set to cause the shell to sa).25 F .757 -.15(ve o) -.2 H .457(nly a subset of the commands entered.).15 F(The)5.457 E F1 -(cmdhist)108 669.6 Q F0 .75 +(cmdhist)108 160.8 Q F0 .75 (shell option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to sa)3.25 F 1.05 -.15(ve e)-.2 H .75(ach line of a multi-line command in).15 F 1.077 -(the same history entry)108 681.6 R 3.577(,a)-.65 G 1.077 +(the same history entry)108 172.8 R 3.577(,a)-.65 G 1.077 (dding semicolons where necessary to preserv)-3.577 F 3.577(es)-.15 G 1.077(yntactic correctness.)-3.577 F(The)6.077 E F1(lithist)3.576 E F0 -.373(shell option causes the shell to sa)108 693.6 R .674 -.15(ve t)-.2 +.373(shell option causes the shell to sa)108 184.8 R .674 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .374(he command with embedded ne).15 F .374 (wlines instead of semicolons.)-.25 F .374(See the)5.374 F .319 -(description of the)108 705.6 R F1(shopt)2.819 E F0 -.2(bu)2.819 G .318 -(iltin belo).2 F 2.818(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.818 E F5 .318(SHELL B)2.818 F +(description of the)108 196.8 R F1(shopt)2.819 E F0 -.2(bu)2.819 G .318 +(iltin belo).2 F 2.818(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.818 E F2 .318(SHELL B)2.818 F (UIL)-.09 E .318(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .318 (for information on setting and)2.568 F(unsetting shell options.)108 -717.6 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(50)198.445 E 0 Cg -EP -%%Page: 51 51 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 84 Q(OR)-.197 E 2.738(YE)-.383 G(XP)-2.738 E -(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .61(The shell supports a history e)108 96 R .611 -(xpansion feature that is similar to the history e)-.15 F .611 -(xpansion in)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(csh.)3.111 E F0 .611 -(This section)5.611 F .871(describes what syntax features are a)108 108 -R -.25(va)-.2 G 3.371(ilable. This).25 F .871(feature is enabled by def) -3.371 F .87(ault for interacti)-.1 F 1.17 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .87 -(hells, and).15 F 2.013(can be disabled using the)108 120 R F2(+H)4.514 -E F0 2.014(option to the)4.514 F F2(set)4.514 E F0 -.2(bu)4.514 G 2.014 -(iltin command \(see).2 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.014(SHELL B)4.514 F -(UIL)-.09 E 2.014(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)108 132 Q 2.5 -(w\). Non-interacti)-.25 F .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H -(hells do not perform history e).15 E(xpansion by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E -1.306(History e)108 148.8 R 1.306(xpansions introduce w)-.15 F 1.306(or\ -ds from the history list into the input stream, making it easy to repea\ -t)-.1 F .209(commands, insert the ar)108 160.8 R .209(guments to a pre) --.18 F .21 +208.8 Q/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 225.6 Q(OR)-.197 E 2.738(YE) +-.383 G(XP)-2.738 E(ANSION)-.81 E F0 .61(The shell supports a history e) +108 237.6 R .611(xpansion feature that is similar to the history e)-.15 +F .611(xpansion in)-.15 F F1(csh.)3.111 E F0 .611(This section)5.611 F +.871(describes what syntax features are a)108 249.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G +3.371(ilable. This).25 F .871(feature is enabled by def)3.371 F .87 +(ault for interacti)-.1 F 1.17 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .87(hells, and).15 F +2.013(can be disabled using the)108 261.6 R F1(+H)4.514 E F0 2.014 +(option to the)4.514 F F1(set)4.514 E F0 -.2(bu)4.514 G 2.014 +(iltin command \(see).2 F F2 2.014(SHELL B)4.514 F(UIL)-.09 E 2.014 +(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)108 273.6 Q 2.5(w\). Non-interacti)-.25 F +.3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells do not perform history e).15 E +(xpansion by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E 1.306(History e)108 290.4 R 1.306 +(xpansions introduce w)-.15 F 1.306(ords from the history list into the\ + input stream, making it easy to repeat)-.1 F .209 +(commands, insert the ar)108 302.4 R .209(guments to a pre)-.18 F .21 (vious command into the current input line, or \214x errors in pre)-.25 -F(vious)-.25 E(commands quickly)108 172.8 Q(.)-.65 E 1.164(History e)108 -189.6 R 1.163(xpansion is performed immediately after a complete line i\ -s read, before the shell breaks it into)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 201.6 S 3.2 +F(vious)-.25 E(commands quickly)108 314.4 Q(.)-.65 E 1.164(History e)108 +331.2 R 1.163(xpansion is performed immediately after a complete line i\ +s read, before the shell breaks it into)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 343.2 S 3.2 (rds. It).1 F(tak)3.2 E .7(es place in tw)-.1 F 3.2(op)-.1 G 3.2 (arts. The)-3.2 F .7 (\214rst is to determine which line from the history list to use during) -3.2 F 4.368(substitution. The)108 213.6 R 1.868(second is to select por\ +3.2 F 4.368(substitution. The)108 355.2 R 1.868(second is to select por\ tions of that line for inclusion into the current one.)4.368 F 1.867 -(The line)6.867 F .662(selected from the history is the)108 225.6 R/F4 +(The line)6.867 F .662(selected from the history is the)108 367.2 R/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.15(ev)3.162 G(ent).15 E F0 3.162(,a)C .663 (nd the portions of that line that are acted upon are)-3.162 F F4(wor) -3.163 E(ds)-.37 E F0 5.663(.V)C(arious)-6.773 E F4(modi\214er)108 237.6 +3.163 E(ds)-.37 E F0 5.663(.V)C(arious)-6.773 E F4(modi\214er)108 379.2 Q(s)-.1 E F0 .227(are a)2.727 F -.25(va)-.2 G .227 (ilable to manipulate the selected w).25 F 2.727(ords. The)-.1 F .226 (line is brok)2.726 F .226(en into w)-.1 F .226(ords in the same f)-.1 F -(ashion)-.1 E .351(as when reading input, so that se)108 249.6 R -.15 +(ashion)-.1 E .351(as when reading input, so that se)108 391.2 R -.15 (ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E F4(metac)2.852 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E F0 .352 (-separated w)B .352(ords surrounded by quotes are considered)-.1 F .625 -(one w)108 261.6 R 3.125(ord. History)-.1 F -.15(ex)3.125 G .624 +(one w)108 403.2 R 3.125(ord. History)-.1 F -.15(ex)3.125 G .624 (pansions are introduced by the appearance of the history e).15 F .624 -(xpansion character)-.15 F 3.124(,w)-.4 G(hich)-3.124 E(is)108 273.6 Q -F2(!)3.333 E F0(by def)3.333 E 2.5(ault. Only)-.1 F(backslash \()2.5 E -F2(\\).833 E F0 2.5(\)a).833 G(nd single quotes can quote the history e) --2.5 E(xpansion character)-.15 E(.)-.55 E(Se)108 290.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +(xpansion character)-.15 F 3.124(,w)-.4 G(hich)-3.124 E(is)108 415.2 Q +F1(!)3.333 E F0(by def)3.333 E 2.5(ault. Only)-.1 F(backslash \()2.5 E +F1(\\).833 E F0 2.5(\)a).833 G(nd single quotes can quote the history e) +-2.5 E(xpansion character)-.15 E(.)-.55 E(Se)108 432 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .03(ral characters inhibit history e).15 F .03 (xpansion if found immediately follo)-.15 F .03(wing the history e)-.25 -F .03(xpansion character)-.15 F(,)-.4 E -2.15 -.25(ev e)108 302.4 T -3.163(ni).25 G 3.163(fi)-3.163 G 3.162(ti)-3.163 G 3.162(su)-3.162 G -.662(nquoted: space, tab, ne)-3.162 F .662(wline, carriage return, and) --.25 F F2(=)3.162 E F0 5.662(.I)C 3.162(ft)-5.662 G(he)-3.162 E F2 -(extglob)3.162 E F0 .662(shell option is enabled,)3.162 F F2(\()3.162 E -F0(will also inhibit e)108 314.4 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(Se)108 331.2 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .109(ral shell options settable with the).15 F F2(shopt)2.609 -E F0 -.2(bu)2.609 G .11(iltin may be used to tailor the beha).2 F .11 -(vior of history e)-.2 F(xpansion.)-.15 E 1.143(If the)108 343.2 R F2 +F .03(xpansion character)-.15 F(,)-.4 E -2.15 -.25(ev e)108 444 T 3.163 +(ni).25 G 3.163(fi)-3.163 G 3.162(ti)-3.163 G 3.162(su)-3.162 G .662 +(nquoted: space, tab, ne)-3.162 F .662(wline, carriage return, and)-.25 +F F1(=)3.162 E F0 5.662(.I)C 3.162(ft)-5.662 G(he)-3.162 E F1(extglob) +3.162 E F0 .662(shell option is enabled,)3.162 F F1(\()3.162 E F0 +(will also inhibit e)108 456 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(Se)108 472.8 Q -.15(ve) +-.25 G .109(ral shell options settable with the).15 F F1(shopt)2.609 E +F0 -.2(bu)2.609 G .11(iltin may be used to tailor the beha).2 F .11 +(vior of history e)-.2 F(xpansion.)-.15 E 1.143(If the)108 484.8 R F1 (histv)3.643 E(erify)-.1 E F0 1.143 -(shell option is enabled \(see the description of the)3.643 F F2(shopt) -3.643 E F0 -.2(bu)3.643 G 1.143(iltin belo).2 F 1.143(w\), and)-.25 F F2 +(shell option is enabled \(see the description of the)3.643 F F1(shopt) +3.643 E F0 -.2(bu)3.643 G 1.143(iltin belo).2 F 1.143(w\), and)-.25 F F1 -.18(re)3.643 G(adline).18 E F0(is)3.642 E .461(being used, history sub\ -stitutions are not immediately passed to the shell parser)108 355.2 R +stitutions are not immediately passed to the shell parser)108 496.8 R 5.461(.I)-.55 G .461(nstead, the e)-5.461 F .461(xpanded line)-.15 F -1.516(is reloaded into the)108 367.2 R F2 -.18(re)4.016 G(adline).18 E +1.516(is reloaded into the)108 508.8 R F1 -.18(re)4.016 G(adline).18 E F0 1.516(editing b)4.016 F(uf)-.2 E 1.516 -(fer for further modi\214cation.)-.25 F(If)6.516 E F2 -.18(re)4.015 G -(adline).18 E F0 1.515(is being used, and the)4.015 F F2(histr)108 379.2 +(fer for further modi\214cation.)-.25 F(If)6.516 E F1 -.18(re)4.015 G +(adline).18 E F0 1.515(is being used, and the)4.015 F F1(histr)108 520.8 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 1.202(shell option is enabled, a f)3.702 F 1.202 -(ailed history substitution will be reloaded into the)-.1 F F2 -.18(re) -3.702 G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.702 E -.2(bu)108 391.2 S -.25(ff).2 G -1.161(er for correction.).25 F(The)6.161 E F23.661 E F0 1.161 -(option to the)3.661 F F2(history)3.661 E F0 -.2(bu)3.661 G 1.16 -(iltin command may be used to see what a history).2 F -.15(ex)108 403.2 -S .055(pansion will do before using it.).15 F(The)5.055 E F22.555 -E F0 .055(option to the)2.555 F F2(history)2.556 E F0 -.2(bu)2.556 G +(ailed history substitution will be reloaded into the)-.1 F F1 -.18(re) +3.702 G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.702 E -.2(bu)108 532.8 S -.25(ff).2 G +1.161(er for correction.).25 F(The)6.161 E F13.661 E F0 1.161 +(option to the)3.661 F F1(history)3.661 E F0 -.2(bu)3.661 G 1.16 +(iltin command may be used to see what a history).2 F -.15(ex)108 544.8 +S .055(pansion will do before using it.).15 F(The)5.055 E F12.555 +E F0 .055(option to the)2.555 F F1(history)2.556 E F0 -.2(bu)2.556 G .056(iltin may be used to add commands to the).2 F -(end of the history list without actually e)108 415.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(end of the history list without actually e)108 556.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G (cuting them, so that the).15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re a)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable for subsequent recall.).25 E 2.2(The shell allo)108 432 R 2.2 +(ilable for subsequent recall.).25 E 2.2(The shell allo)108 573.6 R 2.2 (ws control of the v)-.25 F 2.2(arious characters used by the history e) -.25 F 2.2(xpansion mechanism \(see the)-.15 F 1.146(description of)108 -444 R F2(histchars)3.646 E F0(abo)3.646 E 1.446 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder) -.15 E F2 1.146(Shell V)3.646 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 3.646(\). The)B 1.147 +585.6 R F1(histchars)3.646 E F0(abo)3.646 E 1.446 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder) +.15 E F1 1.146(Shell V)3.646 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 3.646(\). The)B 1.147 (shell uses the history comment character to)3.646 F -(mark history timestamps when writing the history \214le.)108 456 Q F2 -(Ev)87 472.8 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0 .205(An e)108 484.8 R -.15(ve) +(mark history timestamps when writing the history \214le.)108 597.6 Q F1 +(Ev)87 614.4 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0 .205(An e)108 626.4 R -.15(ve) -.25 G .204(nt designator is a reference to a command line entry in the\ history list.).15 F .204(Unless the reference is abso-)5.204 F(lute, e) -108 496.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nts are relati).15 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.5 -(ot).15 G(he current position in the history list.)-2.5 E F2(!)108 513.6 -Q F0 1.607(Start a history substitution, e)144 513.6 R 1.607 -(xcept when follo)-.15 F 1.607(wed by a)-.25 F F2(blank)4.107 E F0 4.107 +108 638.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nts are relati).15 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.5 +(ot).15 G(he current position in the history list.)-2.5 E F1(!)108 655.2 +Q F0 1.607(Start a history substitution, e)144 655.2 R 1.607 +(xcept when follo)-.15 F 1.607(wed by a)-.25 F F1(blank)4.107 E F0 4.107 (,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.608(line, carriage return, = or \().25 F -(\(when the)144 525.6 Q F2(extglob)2.5 E F0 -(shell option is enabled using the)2.5 E F2(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G -(iltin\).).2 E F2(!)108 537.6 Q F4(n)A F0(Refer to command line)144 -537.6 Q F4(n)2.5 E F0(.).24 E F2<21ad>108 549.6 Q F4(n)A F0 -(Refer to the current command minus)144 549.6 Q F4(n)2.5 E F0(.).24 E F2 -(!!)108 561.6 Q F0(Refer to the pre)144 561.6 Q(vious command.)-.25 E -(This is a synon)5 E(ym for `!\2551'.)-.15 E F2(!)108 573.6 Q F4(string) +(\(when the)144 667.2 Q F1(extglob)2.5 E F0 +(shell option is enabled using the)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(iltin\).).2 E F1(!)108 679.2 Q F4(n)A F0(Refer to command line)144 +679.2 Q F4(n)2.5 E F0(.).24 E F1<21ad>108 691.2 Q F4(n)A F0 +(Refer to the current command minus)144 691.2 Q F4(n)2.5 E F0(.).24 E F1 +(!!)108 703.2 Q F0(Refer to the pre)144 703.2 Q(vious command.)-.25 E +(This is a synon)5 E(ym for `!\2551'.)-.15 E F1(!)108 715.2 Q F4(string) A F0 .865(Refer to the most recent command preceding the current positi\ -on in the history list starting with)144 573.6 R F4(string)144 585.6 Q -F0(.).22 E F2(!?)108 597.6 Q F4(string)A F2([?])A F0 1.503(Refer to the\ - most recent command preceding the current position in the history list\ - containing)144 609.6 R F4(string)144 621.6 Q F0 5(.T).22 G(he trailing) --5 E F2(?)2.5 E F0(may be omitted if)2.5 E F4(string)2.84 E F0(is follo) -2.72 E(wed immediately by a ne)-.25 E(wline.)-.25 E/F5 12/Times-Bold@0 -SF(^)108 638.6 Q F4(string1)-5 I F5(^)5 I F4(string2)-5 I F5(^)5 I F0 -.784(Quick substitution.)144 645.6 R .784(Repeat the pre)5.784 F .784 -(vious command, replacing)-.25 F F4(string1)3.624 E F0(with)3.283 E F4 -(string2)3.283 E F0 5.783(.E).02 G(qui)-5.783 E -.25(va)-.25 G .783 -(lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 657.6 S(!!:s/).74 E F4(string1)A F0(/)A F4 -(string2)A F0(/')A 2.5('\()-.74 G(see)-2.5 E F2(Modi\214ers)2.5 E F0 -(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(!#)108 669.6 Q F0 -(The entire command line typed so f)144 669.6 Q(ar)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F2 --.75(Wo)87 686.4 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 698.4 S 1.313 -(rd designators are used to select desired w).8 F 1.314(ords from the e) --.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F2(:)3.814 E F0 1.314 -(separates the e)3.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.314(nt speci\214cation).15 F -.53(from the w)108 710.4 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G -3.029(tm)-5.529 G .529(ay be omitted if the w)-3.029 F .529 -(ord designator be)-.1 F .529(gins with a)-.15 F F2(^)3.029 E F0(,)A F2 -($)3.029 E F0(,)A F2(*)3.029 E F0(,)A F23.029 E F0 3.029(,o)C(r) --3.029 E F2(%)3.029 E F0 5.529(.W)C(ords)-6.329 E 1.3 -(are numbered from the be)108 722.4 R 1.3 -(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F 1.301 -(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)6.301 G 1.301(rds are).8 -F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(51)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +on in the history list starting with)144 715.2 R F4(string)144 727.2 Q +F0(.).22 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(51)199.835 E 0 Cg +EP %%Page: 52 52 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 84 Q/F1 -10/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.5(0\()108 100.8 S(zer)-2.5 E(o\))-.18 E F0 -(The zeroth w)144 112.8 Q 2.5(ord. F)-.1 F -(or the shell, this is the command w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)108.36 124.8 Q F0(The)144 124.8 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0 -(th w)A(ord.)-.1 E F1(^)108 136.8 Q F0(The \214rst ar)144 136.8 Q 2.5 -(gument. That)-.18 F(is, w)2.5 E(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 148.8 Q F0 .064 -(The last w)144 148.8 R 2.564(ord. This)-.1 F .064 -(is usually the last ar)2.564 F .064(gument, b)-.18 F .064(ut will e)-.2 -F .064(xpand to the zeroth w)-.15 F .063(ord if there is only)-.1 F -(one w)144 160.8 Q(ord in the line.)-.1 E F1(%)108 172.8 Q F0(The w)144 -172.8 Q(ord matched by the most recent `?)-.1 E F2(string)A F0 -(?' search.)A F2(x)108.77 184.8 Q F1A F2(y)A F0 2.5(Ar)144 184.8 S -(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 E F2(y)A F0 2.5('a)C(bbre)-2.5 E -(viates `0\255)-.25 E F2(y)A F0('.)A F1(*)108 196.8 Q F0 .315 -(All of the w)144 196.8 R .315(ords b)-.1 F .315(ut the zeroth.)-.2 F -.315(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)-.15 F F2(1\255$)A F0 2.815 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(!?)108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(string)A F1([?])A F0 1.503(Refer\ + to the most recent command preceding the current position in the histo\ +ry list containing)144 96 R F2(string)144 108 Q F0 5(.T).22 G +(he trailing)-5 E F1(?)2.5 E F0(may be omitted if)2.5 E F2(string)2.84 E +F0(is follo)2.72 E(wed immediately by a ne)-.25 E(wline.)-.25 E/F3 12 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(^)108 125 Q F2(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F2(string2)-5 I F3 +(^)5 I F0 .784(Quick substitution.)144 132 R .784(Repeat the pre)5.784 F +.784(vious command, replacing)-.25 F F2(string1)3.624 E F0(with)3.283 E +F2(string2)3.283 E F0 5.783(.E).02 G(qui)-5.783 E -.25(va)-.25 G .783 +(lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 144 S(!!:s/).74 E F2(string1)A F0(/)A F2 +(string2)A F0(/')A 2.5('\()-.74 G(see)-2.5 E F1(Modi\214ers)2.5 E F0 +(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(!#)108 156 Q F0 +(The entire command line typed so f)144 156 Q(ar)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1 -.75 +(Wo)87 172.8 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 184.8 S 1.313 +(rd designators are used to select desired w).8 F 1.314(ords from the e) +-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F1(:)3.814 E F0 1.314 +(separates the e)3.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.314(nt speci\214cation).15 F +.53(from the w)108 196.8 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G +3.029(tm)-5.529 G .529(ay be omitted if the w)-3.029 F .529 +(ord designator be)-.1 F .529(gins with a)-.15 F F1(^)3.029 E F0(,)A F1 +($)3.029 E F0(,)A F1(*)3.029 E F0(,)A F13.029 E F0 3.029(,o)C(r) +-3.029 E F1(%)3.029 E F0 5.529(.W)C(ords)-6.329 E 1.3 +(are numbered from the be)108 208.8 R 1.3 +(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F 1.301 +(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)6.301 G 1.301(rds are).8 +F(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 220.8 Q +F1 2.5(0\()108 237.6 S(zer)-2.5 E(o\))-.18 E F0(The zeroth w)144 249.6 Q +2.5(ord. F)-.1 F(or the shell, this is the command w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E +F2(n)108.36 261.6 Q F0(The)144 261.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(th w)A(ord.)-.1 E +F1(^)108 273.6 Q F0(The \214rst ar)144 273.6 Q 2.5(gument. That)-.18 F +(is, w)2.5 E(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 285.6 Q F0 .064(The last w)144 285.6 +R 2.564(ord. This)-.1 F .064(is usually the last ar)2.564 F .064 +(gument, b)-.18 F .064(ut will e)-.2 F .064(xpand to the zeroth w)-.15 F +.063(ord if there is only)-.1 F(one w)144 297.6 Q(ord in the line.)-.1 E +F1(%)108 309.6 Q F0(The w)144 309.6 Q(ord matched by the most recent `?) +-.1 E F2(string)A F0(?' search.)A F2(x)108.77 321.6 Q F1A F2(y)A F0 +2.5(Ar)144 321.6 S(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 E F2(y)A F0 2.5('a)C +(bbre)-2.5 E(viates `0\255)-.25 E F2(y)A F0('.)A F1(*)108 333.6 Q F0 +.315(All of the w)144 333.6 R .315(ords b)-.1 F .315(ut the zeroth.)-.2 +F .315(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)-.15 F F2(1\255$)A F0 2.815 ('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F1(*)2.816 E F0 .316 -(if there is)2.816 F(just one w)144 208.8 Q(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve) +(if there is)2.816 F(just one w)144 345.6 Q(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve) -.25 G(nt; the empty string is returned in that case.).15 E F1(x*)108 -220.8 Q F0(Abbre)144 220.8 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -<78ad>108 232.8 Q F0(Abbre)144 232.8 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0 +357.6 Q F0(Abbre)144 357.6 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +<78ad>108 369.6 Q F0(Abbre)144 369.6 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0 (lik)2.5 E(e)-.1 E F1(x*)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut omits the last w)-2.7 E -(ord.)-.1 E(If a w)108 249.6 Q(ord designator is supplied without an e) +(ord.)-.1 E(If a w)108 386.4 Q(ord designator is supplied without an e) -.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt speci\214cation, the pre).15 E (vious command is used as the e)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt.).15 E F1 -(Modi\214ers)87 266.4 Q F0 .184(After the optional w)108 278.4 R .184 +(Modi\214ers)87 403.2 Q F0 .184(After the optional w)108 415.2 R .184 (ord designator)-.1 F 2.684(,t)-.4 G .183 (here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.684 F .183 -(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 290.4 Q F1(h)108 -307.2 Q F0(Remo)144 307.2 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H +(wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 427.2 Q F1(h)108 +444 Q F0(Remo)144 444 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H (railing \214lename component, lea).15 E(ving only the head.)-.2 E F1(t) -108 319.2 Q F0(Remo)144 319.2 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H +108 456 Q F0(Remo)144 456 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H (ll leading \214lename components, lea).15 E(ving the tail.)-.2 E F1(r) -108 331.2 Q F0(Remo)144 331.2 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing suf).15 E +108 468 Q F0(Remo)144 468 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing suf).15 E (\214x of the form)-.25 E F2(.xxx)2.5 E F0 2.5(,l)C(ea)-2.5 E -(ving the basename.)-.2 E F1(e)108 343.2 Q F0(Remo)144 343.2 Q .3 -.15 -(ve a)-.15 H(ll b).15 E(ut the trailing suf)-.2 E(\214x.)-.25 E F1(p)108 -355.2 Q F0(Print the ne)144 355.2 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(ommand b)-2.5 E -(ut do not e)-.2 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 367.2 Q F0 -(Quote the substituted w)144 367.2 Q -(ords, escaping further substitutions.)-.1 E F1(x)108 379.2 Q F0 -(Quote the substituted w)144 379.2 Q(ords as with)-.1 E F1(q)2.5 E F0 -2.5(,b)C(ut break into w)-2.7 E(ords at)-.1 E F1(blanks)2.5 E F0(and ne) -2.5 E(wlines.)-.25 E F1(s/)108 391.2 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E -F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 403.2 Q F2(ne)3.081 E(w)-.15 E F0 .221 +(ving the basename.)-.2 E F1(e)108 480 Q F0(Remo)144 480 Q .3 -.15(ve a) +-.15 H(ll b).15 E(ut the trailing suf)-.2 E(\214x.)-.25 E F1(p)108 492 Q +F0(Print the ne)144 492 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(ommand b)-2.5 E(ut do not e)-.2 +E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 504 Q F0 +(Quote the substituted w)144 504 Q +(ords, escaping further substitutions.)-.1 E F1(x)108 516 Q F0 +(Quote the substituted w)144 516 Q(ords as with)-.1 E F1(q)2.5 E F0 2.5 +(,b)C(ut break into w)-2.7 E(ords at)-.1 E F1(blanks)2.5 E F0(and ne)2.5 +E(wlines.)-.25 E F1(s/)108 528 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A +F0(Substitute)144 540 Q F2(ne)3.081 E(w)-.15 E F0 .221 (for the \214rst occurrence of)3.031 F F2(old)2.951 E F0 .221(in the e) 3.491 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .221(nt line.).15 F(An)5.221 E 2.721(yd)-.15 G -.221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .617(of /.)144 415.2 R .617 +.221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .617(of /.)144 552 R .617 (The \214nal delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e) 5.617 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .617(nt line.).15 F .616(The delimiter may)5.616 -F .666(be quoted in)144 427.2 R F2(old)3.396 E F0(and)3.936 E F2(ne) -3.526 E(w)-.15 E F0 .666(with a single backslash.)3.476 F .666 +F .666(be quoted in)144 564 R F2(old)3.396 E F0(and)3.936 E F2(ne)3.526 +E(w)-.15 E F0 .666(with a single backslash.)3.476 F .666 (If & appears in)5.666 F F2(ne)3.166 E(w)-.15 E F0 3.166(,i).31 G 3.166 (ti)-3.166 G 3.166(sr)-3.166 G .666(eplaced by)-3.166 F F2(old)3.166 E -F0 5.666(.A).77 G .275(single backslash will quote the &.)144 439.2 R -(If)5.275 E F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last)3.544 -F F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(substituted, or)3.544 F 2.774(,i)-.4 G 2.774 -(fn)-2.774 G 2.774(op)-2.774 G(re)-2.774 E(vi-)-.25 E -(ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 451.2 Q F2(string) -2.84 E F0(in a)2.72 E F1(!?)2.5 E F2(string)A F1([?])A F0(search.)5 E F1 -(&)108 463.2 Q F0(Repeat the pre)144 463.2 Q(vious substitution.)-.25 E -F1(g)108 475.2 Q F0 .397(Cause changes to be applied o)144 475.2 R -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 2.897(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398 -(nt line.).15 F .398(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A -F0 2.898('\()C(e.g.,)-2.898 E(`)144 487.2 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2 -(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0 1.219('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.719('. If)B 1.219 +F0 5.666(.A).77 G .275(single backslash will quote the &.)144 576 R(If) +5.275 E F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last)3.544 F F2 +(old)3.004 E F0 .274(substituted, or)3.544 F 2.774(,i)-.4 G 2.774(fn) +-2.774 G 2.774(op)-2.774 G(re)-2.774 E(vi-)-.25 E +(ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 588 Q F2(string)2.84 +E F0(in a)2.72 E F1(!?)2.5 E F2(string)A F1([?])A F0(search.)5 E F1(&) +108 600 Q F0(Repeat the pre)144 600 Q(vious substitution.)-.25 E F1(g) +108 612 Q F0 .397(Cause changes to be applied o)144 612 R -.15(ve)-.15 G +2.897(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398(nt line.) +.15 F .398(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A F0 2.898 +('\()C(e.g.,)-2.898 E(`)144 624 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w) +-.15 E F1(/)A F0 1.219('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.719('. If)B 1.219 (used with `)3.719 F F1(:s)A F0 1.218(', an)B 3.718(yd)-.15 G 1.218 (elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal)-3.718 F .089 -(delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 499.2 R +(delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 636 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .09(nt line.).15 F(An)5.09 E F1(a)2.59 E F0 .09 -(may be used as a synon)2.59 F .09(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 511.2 Q F0(.)A -F1(G)108 523.2 Q F0(Apply the follo)144 523.2 Q(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0 -2.5('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 -G(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 540 Q(UIL)-.11 E -(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .063(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 552 R -.062(uiltin command documented in this section as accepting options pre\ -ceded by)-.2 F F1108 564 Q F0(accepts)2.533 E F12.533 E F0 +(may be used as a synon)2.59 F .09(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 648 Q F0(.)A +F1(G)108 660 Q F0(Apply the follo)144 660 Q(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0 2.5 +('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(nt line.).15 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 676.8 Q(UIL)-.11 E +(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .063(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 688.8 +R .062(uiltin command documented in this section as accepting options p\ +receded by)-.2 F F1108 700.8 Q F0(accepts)2.533 E F12.533 E F0 .034(to signify the end of the options.)2.533 F(The)5.034 E F1(:)2.534 E F0(,)A F1(true)2.534 E F0(,)A F1(false)2.534 E F0 2.534(,a)C(nd)-2.534 E F1(test)2.534 E F0 -.2(bu)2.534 G .034(iltins do not accept options and) -.2 F .078(do not treat)108 576 R F12.577 E F0(specially)2.577 E +.2 F .078(do not treat)108 712.8 R F12.577 E F0(specially)2.577 E 5.077(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.077 E F1(exit)2.577 E F0(,)A F1(logout)2.577 E F0 (,)A F1(br)2.577 E(eak)-.18 E F0(,)A F1(continue)2.577 E F0(,)A F1(let) 2.577 E F0 2.577(,a)C(nd)-2.577 E F1(shift)2.577 E F0 -.2(bu)2.577 G -.077(iltins accept and process ar).2 F(gu-)-.18 E .319(ments be)108 588 -R .319(ginning with)-.15 F F12.819 E F0 .319(without requiring)2.819 -F F12.819 E F0 5.319(.O)C .319(ther b)-5.319 F .319 -(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .32(guments b)-.18 F .32 -(ut are not speci\214ed as)-.2 F 1.144(accepting options interpret ar) -108 600 R 1.144(guments be)-.18 F 1.144(ginning with)-.15 F F13.643 -E F0 1.143(as in)3.643 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.143(lid options and require).25 -F F13.643 E F0 1.143(to pre)3.643 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.143(nt this) -.15 F(interpretation.)108 612 Q F1(:)108 630 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A -(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .451(No ef)144 642 R .451 -(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F(xpanding) --.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .452(and performing an)3.222 F -2.952(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.952 E 2.5(redirections. A)144 654 R -(zero e)2.5 E(xit code is returned.)-.15 E F1(.)110.5 670.8 Q F2 -(\214lename)6.666 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A F1(sour)108 -682.8 Q(ce)-.18 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E -F0(])A 1.02(Read and e)144 694.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02 -(cute commands from).15 F F2(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02 -(in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02(vironment and return the e)-.4 F -(xit)-.15 E 1.458(status of the last command e)144 706.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 -G 1.458(cuted from).15 F F2(\214lename)3.958 E F0 6.458(.I).18 G(f) --6.458 E F2(\214lename)5.868 E F0 1.458 -(does not contain a slash, \214le-)4.138 F .608(names in)144 718.8 R/F4 -9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .608 -(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F2(\214lename)3.108 -E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in)-5.608 F F4 -.666(PA) -3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 730.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -3.332(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.332 E F0 .832(is not in)3.332 F F2 -.832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833 -(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q -(2015 April 6)149.285 E(52)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +.077(iltins accept and process ar).2 F(gu-)-.18 E .319(ments be)108 +724.8 R .319(ginning with)-.15 F F12.819 E F0 .319 +(without requiring)2.819 F F12.819 E F0 5.319(.O)C .319(ther b) +-5.319 F .319(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .32(guments b)-.18 F .32 +(ut are not speci\214ed as)-.2 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5) +150.675 E(52)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 53 53 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .982 -(\214le is found in)144 84 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH) --.189 E/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .981(If the)5.481 F/F3 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(sour)3.481 E(cepath)-.18 E F0 .981(option to the)3.481 -F F3(shopt)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981(iltin command is turned of).2 -F .981(f, the)-.25 F F1 -.666(PA)144 96 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112 -(is not searched.)2.362 F .112(If an)5.112 F(y)-.15 E/F4 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the) -2.612 F 2.612(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 -F F4(\214lename)144 108 Q F0 .342(is e)2.842 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.842 -(cuted. Otherwise).15 F .342(the positional parameters are unchanged.) -2.842 F .341(The return status is the)5.341 F .716 -(status of the last command e)144 120 R .716 -(xited within the script \(0 if no commands are e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.716(cuted\), and f).15 F .716(alse if)-.1 F F4(\214lename)145.91 132 Q -F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F3(alias)108 148.8 Q F0([)2.5 -E F3A F0 2.5(][)C F4(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F4(value)A F0 2.5(].)C -(..])-2.5 E F3(Alias)144 160.8 Q F0 2.725(with no ar)5.225 F 2.724 -(guments or with the)-.18 F F35.224 E F0 2.724 -(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F3(alias)5.224 E -F4(name)144 172.8 Q F0(=)A F4(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.144 +(accepting options interpret ar)108 84 R 1.144(guments be)-.18 F 1.144 +(ginning with)-.15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF3.643 E F0 1.143(as in) +3.643 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.143(lid options and require).25 F F13.643 +E F0 1.143(to pre)3.643 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.143(nt this).15 F +(interpretation.)108 96 Q F1(:)108 114 Q F0([)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 +SF(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .451(No ef)144 126 R .451 +(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F(xpanding) +-.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .452(and performing an)3.222 F +2.952(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.952 E 2.5(redirections. The)144 138 R +(return status is zero.)2.5 E F1(.)110.5 154.8 Q F2(\214lename)6.666 E +F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A F1(sour)108 166.8 Q(ce)-.18 E +F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.02 +(Read and e)144 178.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02(cute commands from).15 F F2 +(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02(in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02 +(vironment and return the e)-.4 F(xit)-.15 E 1.458 +(status of the last command e)144 190.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.458 +(cuted from).15 F F2(\214lename)3.958 E F0 6.458(.I).18 G(f)-6.458 E F2 +(\214lename)5.868 E F0 1.458(does not contain a slash, \214le-)4.138 F +.608(names in)144 202.8 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 +E F0 .608(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F2 +(\214lename)3.108 E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in) +-5.608 F F3 -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 214.8 +R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.332(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.332 E F0 .832 +(is not in)3.332 F F2 .832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833 +(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .982 +(\214le is found in)144 226.8 R F3 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F4 9 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .981(If the)5.481 F F1(sour)3.481 E(cepath)-.18 +E F0 .981(option to the)3.481 F F1(shopt)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 +(iltin command is turned of).2 F .981(f, the)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)144 +238.8 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.362 F .112(If an)5.112 F +(y)-.15 E F2(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the)2.612 F +2.612(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 F F2 +(\214lename)144 250.8 Q F0 1.697(is e)4.197 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.197 +(cuted. Otherwise).15 F 1.697(the positional parameters are unchanged.) +4.197 F 1.697(If the)6.697 F F14.197 E F0 1.696(option is)4.197 F +(enabled,)144 262.8 Q F1(sour)3.617 E(ce)-.18 E F0 1.117(inherits an) +3.617 F 3.617(yt)-.15 G 1.117(rap on)-3.617 F F1(DEB)3.617 E(UG)-.1 E F0 +3.618(;i)C 3.618(fi)-3.618 G 3.618(ti)-3.618 G 3.618(sn)-3.618 G 1.118 +(ot, an)-3.618 F(y)-.15 E F1(DEB)3.618 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.118 +(trap string is sa)3.618 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.618(da).15 G(nd)-3.618 E .36 +(restored around the call to)144 274.8 R F1(sour)2.86 E(ce)-.18 E F0 +2.86(,a)C(nd)-2.86 E F1(sour)2.86 E(ce)-.18 E F0 .36(unsets the)2.86 F +F1(DEB)2.86 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .36(trap while it e)2.86 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.86 +(cutes. If).15 F F12.86 E F0(is)2.86 E 1.435 +(not set, and the sourced \214le changes the)144 286.8 R F1(DEB)3.935 E +(UG)-.1 E F0 1.435(trap, the ne)3.935 F 3.935(wv)-.25 G 1.435 +(alue is retained when)-4.185 F F1(sour)3.935 E(ce)-.18 E F0 3.763 +(completes. The)144 298.8 R 1.262 +(return status is the status of the last command e)3.763 F 1.262 +(xited within the script \(0 if no)-.15 F(commands are e)144 310.8 Q +-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted\), and f).15 E(alse if)-.1 E F2(\214lename)4.41 E +F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F1(alias)108 327.6 Q F0([)2.5 +E F1A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C +(..])-2.5 E F1(Alias)144 339.6 Q F0 2.724(with no ar)5.224 F 2.724 +(guments or with the)-.18 F F15.224 E F0 2.724 +(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F1(alias)5.225 E +F2(name)144 351.6 Q F0(=)A F2(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F .58(When ar)5.58 F .58 -(guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F4(name) -3.08 E F0(whose)144 184.8 Q F4(value)2.509 E F0 .009(is gi)2.509 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.509(n. A).15 F .009(trailing space in)2.509 F F4(value) +(guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F2(name) +3.08 E F0(whose)144 363.6 Q F2(value)2.508 E F0 .009(is gi)2.508 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 2.509(n. A).15 F .009(trailing space in)2.509 F F2(value) 2.509 E F0 .009(causes the ne)2.509 F .009(xt w)-.15 F .009 -(ord to be check)-.1 F .008(ed for alias substi-)-.1 F .579 -(tution when the alias is e)144 196.8 R 3.079(xpanded. F)-.15 F .579 -(or each)-.15 F F4(name)3.079 E F0 .579(in the ar)3.079 F .579 -(gument list for which no)-.18 F F4(value)3.079 E F0 .579(is sup-)3.079 -F 1.314(plied, the name and v)144 208.8 R 1.314 -(alue of the alias is printed.)-.25 F F3(Alias)6.314 E F0 1.314 -(returns true unless a)3.814 F F4(name)3.814 E F0 1.313(is gi)3.814 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 3.813(nf).15 G(or)-3.813 E -(which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 220.8 Q F3(bg)108 237.6 Q F0([) -2.5 E F4(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .744(Resume each suspended job)144 -249.6 R F4(jobspec)3.244 E F0 .745 -(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.244 F F3(&)3.245 E -F0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F4(job-)4.985 E(spec)144 261.6 Q F0 .672 -(is not present, the shell')3.482 F 3.172(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the) --3.172 F F4(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F3 -(bg)5.671 E F4(jobspec)4.911 E F0 .671(returns 0 unless run)3.481 F .418 -(when job control is disabled or)144 273.6 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419 -(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.919(ys)-.15 G -(peci\214ed)-2.919 E F4(jobspec)2.919 E F0 -.1(wa)2.919 G 2.919(sn).1 G -(ot)-2.919 E(found or w)144 285.6 Q(as started without job control.)-.1 -E F3(bind)108 302.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F3A F4 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 -2.5(][)C F3(\255lpsvPSVX)-2.5 E F0(])A F3(bind)108 314.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F3 -A F4 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F3-2.5 E F4 -(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3-2.5 E F4(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C -F3-2.5 E F4 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(])A F3(bind)108 326.4 Q F0 -([)2.5 E F3A F4 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F32.5 E F4 -(\214lename)2.5 E F3(bind)108 338.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F3A F4 -.1(ke)2.5 -G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F32.5 E F4 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F4 -(shell\255command)A F3(bind)108 350.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F3A F4 -.1(ke) -2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F4 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F4 -(function\255name)A F3(bind)108 362.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F3A F4 -.1(ke) -2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F4 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F4 -.37(re)C -(adline\255command).37 E F0 .239(Display current)144 374.4 R F3 -.18(re) -2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.739 G 2.739(ya)-.05 G .239 -(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.739 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .238 -(equence to a).15 F F3 -.18(re)2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 .238(function or) -2.738 F .475(macro, or set a)144 386.4 R F3 -.18(re)2.975 G(adline).18 E -F0 -.25(va)2.975 G 2.975(riable. Each).25 F .476(non-option ar)2.976 F -.476(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .476(ould appear in)-.1 F F4 -(.inputr)144 398.4 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.984(,b).31 G .484 -(ut each binding or command must be passed as a separate ar)-3.184 F -.483(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r":)-.18 F 2.5 -(re\255read\255init\255\214le'. Options,)144 410.4 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 -E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F3144 -422.4 Q F4 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(Use)180 434.4 Q F4 -.1(ke)5.158 G -(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.658(as the k)5.348 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.658(map to be af) -.15 F 2.659(fected by the subsequent bindings.)-.25 F(Acceptable)7.659 E -F4 -.1(ke)180 446.4 S(ymap)-.2 E F0 3.193(names are)5.883 F F4 3.193 -(emacs, emacs\255standar)5.693 F 3.192 +(ord to be check)-.1 F .009(ed for alias substi-)-.1 F .579 +(tution when the alias is e)144 375.6 R 3.079(xpanded. F)-.15 F .579 +(or each)-.15 F F2(name)3.079 E F0 .579(in the ar)3.079 F .579 +(gument list for which no)-.18 F F2(value)3.079 E F0 .578(is sup-)3.078 +F 1.313(plied, the name and v)144 387.6 R 1.314 +(alue of the alias is printed.)-.25 F F1(Alias)6.314 E F0 1.314 +(returns true unless a)3.814 F F2(name)3.814 E F0 1.314(is gi)3.814 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nf).15 G(or)-3.814 E +(which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 399.6 Q F1(bg)108 416.4 Q F0([) +2.5 E F2(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .745(Resume each suspended job)144 +428.4 R F2(jobspec)3.245 E F0 .745 +(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.245 F F1(&)3.244 E +F0 5.744(.I)C(f)-5.744 E F2(job-)4.984 E(spec)144 440.4 Q F0 .671 +(is not present, the shell')3.481 F 3.171(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the) +-3.171 F F2(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F1 +(bg)5.672 E F2(jobspec)4.912 E F0 .672(returns 0 unless run)3.482 F .419 +(when job control is disabled or)144 452.4 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419 +(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.918(ys)-.15 G +(peci\214ed)-2.918 E F2(jobspec)2.918 E F0 -.1(wa)2.918 G 2.918(sn).1 G +(ot)-2.918 E(found or w)144 464.4 Q(as started without job control.)-.1 +E F1(bind)108 481.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 +2.5(][)C F1(\255lpsvPSVX)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(bind)108 493.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2 +(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C +F1-2.5 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(])A F1(bind)108 505.2 Q F0 +([)2.5 E F1A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F12.5 E F2 +(\214lename)2.5 E F1(bind)108 517.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 +G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F12.5 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F2 +(shell\255command)A F1(bind)108 529.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2 -.1(ke) +2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F2 +(function\255name)A F1(bind)108 541.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2 -.1(ke) +2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F2 -.37(re)C +(adline\255command).37 E F0 .238(Display current)144 553.2 R F1 -.18(re) +2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.738 G 2.738(ya)-.05 G .239 +(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.738 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .239 +(equence to a).15 F F1 -.18(re)2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 .239(function or) +2.739 F .476(macro, or set a)144 565.2 R F1 -.18(re)2.976 G(adline).18 E +F0 -.25(va)2.976 G 2.976(riable. Each).25 F .476(non-option ar)2.976 F +.475(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .475(ould appear in)-.1 F F2 +(.inputr)144 577.2 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.983(,b).31 G .484 +(ut each binding or command must be passed as a separate ar)-3.183 F +.484(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r":)-.18 F 2.5 +(re\255read\255init\255\214le'. Options,)144 589.2 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 +E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 +601.2 Q F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(Use)180 613.2 Q F2 -.1(ke)5.159 G +(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.659(as the k)5.349 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.658(map to be af) +.15 F 2.658(fected by the subsequent bindings.)-.25 F(Acceptable)7.658 E +F2 -.1(ke)180 625.2 S(ymap)-.2 E F0 3.192(names are)5.882 F F2 3.192 +(emacs, emacs\255standar)5.692 F 3.193 (d, emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255mo)-.37 F(ve)-.1 E(,)-.1 E -(vi\255command)180 458.4 Q F0 4.429(,a)C(nd)-4.429 E F4(vi\255insert) -4.429 E F0(.).68 E F4(vi)6.929 E F0 1.929(is equi)4.429 F -.25(va)-.25 G -1.929(lent to).25 F F4(vi\255command)4.429 E F0(;)A F4(emacs)4.429 E F0 -1.929(is equi)4.429 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.93(lent to).25 F F4 -(emacs\255standar)180 470.4 Q(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F3144 482.4 Q F0 -(List the names of all)180 482.4 Q F3 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -(functions.)2.5 E F3144 494.4 Q F0(Display)180 494.4 Q F3 -.18(re) +(vi\255command)180 637.2 Q F0 4.43(,a)C(nd)-4.43 E F2(vi\255insert)4.429 +E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)6.929 E F0 1.929(is equi)4.429 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.929 +(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command)4.429 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)4.429 E F0 1.929 +(is equi)4.429 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.929(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar) +180 649.2 Q(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1144 661.2 Q F0 +(List the names of all)180 661.2 Q F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 +(functions.)2.5 E F1144 673.2 Q F0(Display)180 673.2 Q F1 -.18(re) 2.5 G(adline).18 E F0(function names and bindings in such a w)2.5 E -(ay that the)-.1 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F3144 506.4 -Q F0(List current)180 506.4 Q F3 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -(function names and bindings.)2.5 E F3144 518.4 Q F0(Display)180 -518.4 Q F3 -.18(re)3.655 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)3.655 G 3.655(ys)-.05 +(ay that the)-.1 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F1144 685.2 +Q F0(List current)180 685.2 Q F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 +(function names and bindings.)2.5 E F1144 697.2 Q F0(Display)180 +697.2 Q F1 -.18(re)3.655 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)3.655 G 3.655(ys)-.05 G 1.155(equences bound to macros and the strings the)-3.655 F 3.655(yo) --.15 G 1.155(utput in such a)-3.655 F -.1(wa)180 530.4 S 2.5(yt).1 G -(hat the)-2.5 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F3144 542.4 Q -F0(Display)180 542.4 Q F3 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.5 G 2.5 -(ys)-.05 G(equences bound to macros and the strings the)-2.5 E 2.5(yo) --.15 G(utput.)-2.5 E F3144 554.4 Q F0(Display)180 554.4 Q F3 -.18 -(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -.25(va)2.5 G(riable names and v).25 E -(alues in such a w)-.25 E(ay that the)-.1 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G -(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F3144 566.4 Q F0(List current)180 566.4 Q -F3 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -.25(va)2.5 G(riable names and v).25 E -(alues.)-.25 E F3144 578.4 Q F4(\214lename)2.5 E F0(Read k)180 -590.4 Q .3 -.15(ey b)-.1 H(indings from).15 E F4(\214lename)2.5 E F0(.)A -F3144 602.4 Q F4(function)2.5 E F0(Query about which k)180 614.4 Q --.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(si).15 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-2.5 H .2 -.1(ke t).4 H -(he named).1 E F4(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F3144 626.4 Q F4(function) -2.5 E F0(Unbind all k)180 638.4 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sb).15 G -(ound to the named)-2.5 E F4(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F3144 650.4 Q -F4 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(Remo)180 662.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .3 --.15(ny c).15 H(urrent binding for).15 E F4 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0 -(.)A F3144 674.4 Q F4 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F3(:)A F4 -(shell\255command)A F0(Cause)180 686.4 Q F4(shell\255command)4.325 E F0 -1.825(to be e)4.325 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.825(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve) --.25 G(r).15 E F4 -.1(ke)4.325 G(yseq)-.2 E F0 1.825(is entered.)4.325 F -(When)6.825 E F4(shell\255com-)4.325 E(mand)180 698.4 Q F0 1.765(is e) -4.265 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.765(cuted, the shell sets the).15 F F1 -(READLINE_LINE)4.265 E F0 -.25(va)4.015 G 1.765 -(riable to the contents of the).25 F F3 -.18(re)180 710.4 S(adline).18 E -F0 1.353(line b)3.852 F(uf)-.2 E 1.353(fer and the)-.25 F F1 -(READLINE_POINT)3.853 E F0 -.25(va)3.603 G 1.353 -(riable to the current location of the).25 F 2.012(insertion point.)180 -722.4 R 2.011(If the e)7.012 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.011 -(cuted command changes the v).15 F 2.011(alue of)-.25 F F1 -(READLINE_LINE)4.511 E F0(or)4.261 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6) -149.285 E(53)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +-.15 G 1.155(utput in such a)-3.655 F -.1(wa)180 709.2 S 2.5(yt).1 G +(hat the)-2.5 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be re-read.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 +Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(53)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 54 54 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 -SF(READLINE_POINT)180 84 Q/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0(those ne)2.25 E -2.5(wv)-.25 G(alues will be re\215ected in the editing state.)-2.75 E/F3 -10/Times-Bold@0 SF144 96 Q F0 .829(List all k)180 96 R 1.129 -.15 -(ey s)-.1 H .829 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF144 84 Q F0(Display)180 84 Q F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 +-.1(ke)2.5 G 2.5(ys)-.05 G(equences bound to macros and the strings the) +-2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G(utput.)-2.5 E F1144 96 Q F0(Display)180 96 Q +F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -.25(va)2.5 G(riable names and v).25 E +(alues in such a w)-.25 E(ay that the)-.1 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G +(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F1144 108 Q F0(List current)180 108 Q F1 +-.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -.25(va)2.5 G(riable names and v).25 E +(alues.)-.25 E F1144 120 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214lename)2.5 +E F0(Read k)180 132 Q .3 -.15(ey b)-.1 H(indings from).15 E F2 +(\214lename)2.5 E F0(.)A F1144 144 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0 +(Query about which k)180 156 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(si).15 G -1.9 -.4(nv o) +-2.5 H .2 -.1(ke t).4 H(he named).1 E F2(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +144 168 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0(Unbind all k)180 180 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5 +(sb).15 G(ound to the named)-2.5 E F2(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F1144 +192 Q F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(Remo)180 204 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H +.3 -.15(ny c).15 H(urrent binding for).15 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E +F0(.)A F1144 216 Q F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F1(:)A F2 +(shell\255command)A F0(Cause)180 228 Q F2(shell\255command)4.325 E F0 +1.825(to be e)4.325 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.825(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G(r).15 E F2 -.1(ke)4.325 G(yseq)-.2 E F0 1.825(is entered.)4.325 F +(When)6.825 E F2(shell\255com-)4.325 E(mand)180 240 Q F0 1.764(is e) +4.264 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.765(cuted, the shell sets the).15 F/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE_LINE)4.265 E F0 -.25(va)4.015 G 1.765 +(riable to the contents of the).25 F F1 -.18(re)180 252 S(adline).18 E +F0 1.353(line b)3.853 F(uf)-.2 E 1.353(fer and the)-.25 F F3 +(READLINE_POINT)3.853 E F0 -.25(va)3.603 G 1.353 +(riable to the current location of the).25 F 2.011(insertion point.)180 +264 R 2.011(If the e)7.011 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.011 +(cuted command changes the v).15 F 2.011(alue of)-.25 F F3 +(READLINE_LINE)4.512 E F0(or)4.262 E F3(READLINE_POINT)180 276 Q/F4 9 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0(those ne)2.25 E 2.5(wv)-.25 G +(alues will be re\215ected in the editing state.)-2.75 E F1144 288 +Q F0 .83(List all k)180 288 R 1.13 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .829 (equences bound to shell commands and the associated commands in a for) -.15 F(-)-.2 E(mat that can be reused as input.)180 108 Q(The return v) -144 124.8 Q(alue is 0 unless an unrecognized option is gi)-.25 E -.15 +.15 F(-)-.2 E(mat that can be reused as input.)180 300 Q(The return v) +144 316.8 Q(alue is 0 unless an unrecognized option is gi)-.25 E -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.5(no).15 G 2.5(ra)-2.5 G 2.5(ne)-2.5 G(rror occurred.)-2.5 -E F3(br)108 141.6 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0 -(])A .055(Exit from within a)144 153.6 R F3 -.25(fo)2.555 G(r).25 E F0 -(,)A F3(while)2.555 E F0(,)A F3(until)2.555 E F0 2.555(,o)C(r)-2.555 E -F3(select)2.555 E F0 2.555(loop. If)2.555 F F4(n)2.555 E F0 .055 -(is speci\214ed, break)2.555 F F4(n)2.555 E F0(le)2.555 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ls.).15 E F4(n)5.414 E F0 .054(must be)2.794 F/F5 10/Symbol SF2.554 -E F0(1.)2.554 E(If)144 165.6 Q F4(n)3.074 E F0 .215(is greater than the\ - number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are e)2.954 F 2.715 -(xited. The)-.15 F .215(return v)2.715 F(alue)-.25 E(is 0 unless)144 -177.6 Q F4(n)2.5 E F0(is not greater than or equal to 1.)2.5 E F3 -.2 -(bu)108 194.4 S(iltin).2 E F4(shell\255b)2.5 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0([)2.5 E -F4(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A(Ex)144 206.4 Q .793 -(ecute the speci\214ed shell b)-.15 F .793(uiltin, passing it)-.2 F F4 +E F1(br)108 333.6 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .054 +(Exit from within a)144 345.6 R F1 -.25(fo)2.554 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1 +(while)2.554 E F0(,)A F1(until)2.555 E F0 2.555(,o)C(r)-2.555 E F1 +(select)2.555 E F0 2.555(loop. If)2.555 F F2(n)2.555 E F0 .055 +(is speci\214ed, break)2.555 F F2(n)2.555 E F0(le)2.555 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(ls.).15 E F2(n)5.415 E F0 .055(must be)2.795 F/F5 10/Symbol SF2.555 +E F0(1.)2.555 E(If)144 357.6 Q F2(n)3.075 E F0 .215(is greater than the\ + number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are e)2.955 F 2.714 +(xited. The)-.15 F .214(return v)2.714 F(alue)-.25 E(is 0 unless)144 +369.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(is not greater than or equal to 1.)2.5 E F1 -.2 +(bu)108 386.4 S(iltin).2 E F2(shell\255b)2.5 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0([)2.5 E +F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A(Ex)144 398.4 Q .792 +(ecute the speci\214ed shell b)-.15 F .792(uiltin, passing it)-.2 F F2 (ar)3.293 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.293(,a).27 G .793(nd return its e)-3.293 -F .792(xit status.)-.15 F .792(This is useful)5.792 F .615 +F .793(xit status.)-.15 F .793(This is useful)5.793 F .616 (when de\214ning a function whose name is the same as a shell b)144 -218.4 R .616(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144 -230.4 R .57(uiltin within the function.)-.2 F(The)5.57 E F3(cd)3.07 E F0 +410.4 R .615(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144 +422.4 R .57(uiltin within the function.)-.2 F(The)5.57 E F1(cd)3.07 E F0 -.2(bu)3.07 G .57(iltin is commonly rede\214ned this w).2 F(ay)-.1 E -5.57(.T)-.65 G .57(he return status)-5.57 F(is f)144 242.4 Q(alse if)-.1 -E F4(shell\255b)2.84 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0(is not a shell b)2.74 E -(uiltin command.)-.2 E F3(caller)108 259.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F4 -.2(ex)C(pr) -.2 E F0(])A .253(Returns the conte)144 271.2 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F +5.57(.T)-.65 G .57(he return status)-5.57 F(is f)144 434.4 Q(alse if)-.1 +E F2(shell\255b)2.84 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0(is not a shell b)2.74 E +(uiltin command.)-.2 E F1(caller)108 451.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)C(pr) +.2 E F0(])A .254(Returns the conte)144 463.2 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F 2.754(ya)-.15 G(cti)-2.754 E .554 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .254 (ubroutine call \(a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.254(cuted with the).15 F F3(.)2.754 E F0(or)2.754 E F3(sour)144 283.2 Q -(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.825 G 2.825(iltins\). W).2 F(ithout)-.4 E F4 -.2 -(ex)2.825 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F3(caller)2.825 E F0 .324 +.254(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)2.753 E F0(or)2.753 E F1(sour)144 475.2 Q +(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.824 G 2.824(iltins\). W).2 F(ithout)-.4 E F2 -.2 +(ex)2.824 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)2.824 E F0 .324 (displays the line number and source \214lename of the current)2.824 F -.253(subroutine call.)144 295.2 R .253(If a non-ne)5.253 F -.05(ga)-.15 -G(ti).05 E .553 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E .253(ger is supplied as)-.15 -F F4 -.2(ex)2.753 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F3(caller)2.753 E F0 .254 -(displays the line number)2.754 F 2.754(,s)-.4 G(ub-)-2.754 E 1.327(rou\ +.254(subroutine call.)144 487.2 R .254(If a non-ne)5.254 F -.05(ga)-.15 +G(ti).05 E .554 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E .253(ger is supplied as)-.15 +F F2 -.2(ex)2.753 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)2.753 E F0 .253 +(displays the line number)2.753 F 2.753(,s)-.4 G(ub-)-2.753 E 1.327(rou\ tine name, and source \214le corresponding to that position in the curr\ -ent e)144 307.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.327(cution call stack.).15 F(This e) -144 319.2 Q(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 E .001 -(xample, to print a stack trace.)-.15 F .001(The current frame is frame) -5.001 F 3.02(0. The)144 331.2 R .52(return v)3.02 F .52 -(alue is 0 unless the shell is not e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .519 -(cuting a subroutine call or).15 F F4 -.2(ex)3.019 G(pr).2 E F0 .519 -(does not corre-)3.019 F(spond to a v)144 343.2 Q -(alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E F3(cd)108 360 Q F0([)2.5 E F3 -A F0(|[)A F3A F0([)2.5 E F3A F0(]] [\255@]] [)A F4 -(dir)A F0(])A .321(Change the current directory to)144 372 R F4(dir) -2.821 E F0 5.321(.i)C(f)-5.321 E F4(dir)2.821 E F0 .322 -(is not supplied, the v)2.821 F .322(alue of the)-.25 F F1(HOME)2.822 E -F0 .322(shell v)2.572 F .322(ariable is)-.25 F 1.036(the def)144 384 R -3.536(ault. An)-.1 F 3.536(ya)-.15 G 1.035(dditional ar)-3.536 F 1.035 -(guments follo)-.18 F(wing)-.25 E F4(dir)3.535 E F0 1.035(are ignored.) -3.535 F 1.035(The v)6.035 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(CDP)3.535 E -.855(AT)-.666 -G(H).855 E F0(de\214nes)3.285 E .849 -(the search path for the directory containing)144 396 R F4(dir)3.349 E -F0 3.35(:e).73 G .85(ach directory name in)-3.35 F F1(CDP)3.35 E -.855 -(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .85(is searched for)3.1 F F4(dir)144 408 Q F0 -5.665(.A)C(lternati)-5.665 E .965 -.15(ve d)-.25 H .665 -(irectory names in).15 F F1(CDP)3.165 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 -.665(are separated by a colon \(:\).)2.915 F 3.165(An)5.665 G .664 -(ull directory name)-3.165 F(in)144 420 Q F1(CDP)4.162 E -.855(AT)-.666 -G(H).855 E F0 1.662(is the same as the current directory)3.912 F 4.162 -(,i)-.65 G 1.662(.e., `)-4.162 F(`)-.74 E F3(.)A F0 -.74('')C 6.662(.I) -.74 G(f)-6.662 E F4(dir)4.513 E F0(be)4.893 E 1.663 -(gins with a slash \(/\), then)-.15 F F1(CDP)144 432 Q -.855(AT)-.666 G -(H).855 E F0 .191(is not used.)2.441 F(The)5.191 E F32.691 E F0 -.191(option causes)2.691 F F3(cd)2.691 E F0 .191(to use the ph)2.691 F -.19(ysical directory structure by resolving)-.05 F 1.12 -(symbolic links while tra)144 444 R -.15(ve)-.2 G(rsing).15 E F4(dir) -3.62 E F0 1.12(and before processing instances of)3.62 F F4(..)3.62 E F0 -(in)3.62 E F4(dir)3.62 E F0 1.12(\(see also the)3.62 F F33.62 E F0 -.395(option to the)144 456 R F3(set)2.895 E F0 -.2(bu)2.895 G .395 -(iltin command\); the).2 F F32.895 E F0 .395 +ent e)144 499.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.328(cution call stack.).15 F .001 +(This e)144 511.2 R .001(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 F .001 +(xample, to print a stack trace.)-.15 F(The current frame is frame)5 E +3.019(0. The)144 523.2 R .519(return v)3.019 F .519 +(alue is 0 unless the shell is not e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .52 +(cuting a subroutine call or).15 F F2 -.2(ex)3.02 G(pr).2 E F0 .52 +(does not corre-)3.02 F(spond to a v)144 535.2 Q +(alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E F1(cd)108 552 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +A F0(|[)A F1A F0([)2.5 E F1A F0(]] [\255@]] [)A F2 +(dir)A F0(])A .322(Change the current directory to)144 564 R F2(dir) +2.822 E F0 5.322(.i)C(f)-5.322 E F2(dir)2.822 E F0 .321 +(is not supplied, the v)2.822 F .321(alue of the)-.25 F F3(HOME)2.821 E +F0 .321(shell v)2.571 F .321(ariable is)-.25 F 1.035(the def)144 576 R +3.535(ault. An)-.1 F 3.535(ya)-.15 G 1.035(dditional ar)-3.535 F 1.035 +(guments follo)-.18 F(wing)-.25 E F2(dir)3.535 E F0 1.035(are ignored.) +3.535 F 1.036(The v)6.035 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(CDP)3.536 E -.855(AT)-.666 +G(H).855 E F0(de\214nes)3.286 E .85 +(the search path for the directory containing)144 588 R F2(dir)3.35 E F0 +3.35(:e).73 G .849(ach directory name in)-3.35 F F3(CDP)3.349 E -.855 +(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .849(is searched for)3.099 F F2(dir)144 600 Q F0 +5.664(.A)C(lternati)-5.664 E .964 -.15(ve d)-.25 H .665 +(irectory names in).15 F F3(CDP)3.165 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 +.665(are separated by a colon \(:\).)2.915 F 3.165(An)5.665 G .665 +(ull directory name)-3.165 F(in)144 612 Q F3(CDP)4.163 E -.855(AT)-.666 +G(H).855 E F0 1.663(is the same as the current directory)3.913 F 4.162 +(,i)-.65 G 1.662(.e., `)-4.162 F(`)-.74 E F1(.)A F0 -.74('')C 6.662(.I) +.74 G(f)-6.662 E F2(dir)4.512 E F0(be)4.892 E 1.662 +(gins with a slash \(/\), then)-.15 F F3(CDP)144 624 Q -.855(AT)-.666 G +(H).855 E F0 .19(is not used.)2.44 F(The)5.191 E F12.691 E F0 .191 +(option causes)2.691 F F1(cd)2.691 E F0 .191(to use the ph)2.691 F .191 +(ysical directory structure by resolving)-.05 F 1.12 +(symbolic links while tra)144 636 R -.15(ve)-.2 G(rsing).15 E F2(dir) +3.62 E F0 1.12(and before processing instances of)3.62 F F2(..)3.62 E F0 +(in)3.62 E F2(dir)3.62 E F0 1.12(\(see also the)3.62 F F13.62 E F0 +.395(option to the)144 648 R F1(set)2.895 E F0 -.2(bu)2.895 G .395 +(iltin command\); the).2 F F12.895 E F0 .395 (option forces symbolic links to be follo)2.895 F .395(wed by resolv-) --.25 F .443(ing the link after processing instances of)144 468 R F4(..) -2.943 E F0(in)2.943 E F4(dir)2.943 E F0 5.443(.I)C(f)-5.443 E F4(..) -2.943 E F0 .443(appears in)2.943 F F4(dir)2.943 E F0 2.943(,i)C 2.943 -(ti)-2.943 G 2.944(sp)-2.943 G .444(rocessed by remo)-2.944 F(ving)-.15 -E .744(the immediately pre)144 480 R .744(vious pathname component from) --.25 F F4(dir)3.244 E F0 3.244(,b)C .744(ack to a slash or the be)-3.244 -F .744(ginning of)-.15 F F4(dir)3.244 E F0(.)A 1.465(If the)144 492 R F3 -3.965 E F0 1.465(option is supplied with)3.965 F F33.965 E -F0 3.965(,a)C 1.465(nd the current w)-3.965 F 1.466 -(orking directory cannot be successfully)-.1 F .468 -(determined after a successful directory change,)144 504 R F3(cd)2.968 E -F0 .468(will return an unsuccessful status.)2.968 F .467(On systems) -5.467 F .336(that support it, the)144 516 R F32.836 E F0 .336 -(option presents the e)2.836 F .336(xtended attrib)-.15 F .337 +-.25 F .444(ing the link after processing instances of)144 660 R F2(..) +2.943 E F0(in)2.943 E F2(dir)2.943 E F0 5.443(.I)C(f)-5.443 E F2(..) +2.943 E F0 .443(appears in)2.943 F F2(dir)2.943 E F0 2.943(,i)C 2.943 +(ti)-2.943 G 2.943(sp)-2.943 G .443(rocessed by remo)-2.943 F(ving)-.15 +E .744(the immediately pre)144 672 R .744(vious pathname component from) +-.25 F F2(dir)3.244 E F0 3.244(,b)C .744(ack to a slash or the be)-3.244 +F .744(ginning of)-.15 F F2(dir)3.244 E F0(.)A 1.466(If the)144 684 R F1 +3.966 E F0 1.466(option is supplied with)3.966 F F13.965 E +F0 3.965(,a)C 1.465(nd the current w)-3.965 F 1.465 +(orking directory cannot be successfully)-.1 F .467 +(determined after a successful directory change,)144 696 R F1(cd)2.968 E +F0 .468(will return an unsuccessful status.)2.968 F .468(On systems) +5.468 F .337(that support it, the)144 708 R F12.837 E F0 .336 +(option presents the e)2.836 F .336(xtended attrib)-.15 F .336 (utes associated with a \214le as a directory)-.2 F(.)-.65 E .71(An ar) -144 528 R .71(gument of)-.18 F F33.21 E F0 .71(is con)3.21 F -.15 -(ve)-.4 G .71(rted to).15 F F1($OLDPWD)3.21 E F0 .71 +144 720 R .71(gument of)-.18 F F13.21 E F0 .71(is con)3.21 F -.15 +(ve)-.4 G .71(rted to).15 F F3($OLDPWD)3.21 E F0 .71 (before the directory change is attempted.)2.96 F .71(If a non-)5.71 F -.106(empty directory name from)144 540 R F1(CDP)2.606 E -.855(AT)-.666 G -(H).855 E F0 .107(is used, or if)2.356 F F32.607 E F0 .107 -(is the \214rst ar)2.607 F .107(gument, and the directory change)-.18 F -.038(is successful, the absolute pathname of the ne)144 552 R 2.538(ww) --.25 G .038(orking directory is written to the standard output.)-2.638 F -(The return v)144 564 Q(alue is true if the directory w)-.25 E -(as successfully changed; f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F3(command)108 -580.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F3(\255pVv)A F0(])A F4(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F4 -(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 592.8 Q F4(command)2.764 E F0(with) -3.334 E F4(ar)2.894 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .065 -(suppressing the normal shell function lookup.)2.834 F .065(Only b)5.065 -F .065(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .502(commands found in the)144 604.8 R -F1 -.666(PA)3.002 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.752 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -3.002(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F33.002 E F0 .502(option is gi) -3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .501(n, the search for).15 F F4(command)3.201 E -F0(is)3.771 E .399(performed using a def)144 616.8 R .399(ault v)-.1 F -.399(alue for)-.25 F F1 -.666(PA)2.899 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .4 -(that is guaranteed to \214nd all of the standard utilities.)2.649 F(If) -5.4 E .175(either the)144 628.8 R F32.675 E F0(or)2.675 E F3 -2.675 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.675 F F4(command) -2.875 E F0 .174(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.174 E F32.674 E F0 .174 -(option causes)2.674 F 3.317(as)144 640.8 S .817(ingle w)-3.317 F .817 -(ord indicating the command or \214lename used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G --.1(ke).2 G F4(command)3.618 E F0 .818(to be displayed; the)4.088 F F3 -144 652.8 Q F0 .25(option produces a more v)2.75 F .25 -(erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.25 F F32.749 E F0(or) -2.749 E F32.749 E F0 .249(option is supplied, the e)2.749 F .249 -(xit status)-.15 F 1.004(is 0 if)144 664.8 R F4(command)3.704 E F0 -.1 -(wa)4.274 G 3.504(sf).1 G 1.005(ound, and 1 if not.)-3.504 F 1.005 -(If neither option is supplied and an error occurred or)6.005 F F4 -(command)144.2 676.8 Q F0 1.599(cannot be found, the e)4.869 F 1.599 -(xit status is 127.)-.15 F 1.599(Otherwise, the e)6.599 F 1.598 -(xit status of the)-.15 F F3(command)4.098 E F0 -.2(bu)144 688.8 S -(iltin is the e).2 E(xit status of)-.15 E F4(command)2.5 E F0(.).77 E F3 -(compgen)108 705.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F4(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F4(wor)-2.5 E(d) --.37 E F0(])A .012(Generate possible completion matches for)144 717.6 R -F4(wor)2.513 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F4(option)2.513 -E F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.513(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.513 E .982 -(accepted by the)144 729.6 R F3(complete)3.482 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 -(iltin with the e).2 F .981(xception of)-.15 F F33.481 E F0(and) -3.481 E F33.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .981(nd write the matches to the) --3.481 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(54)198.445 E 0 Cg -EP +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(54)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 55 55 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .13 -(standard output.)144 84 R .13(When using the)5.13 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF2.63 E F0(or)2.63 E F12.631 E F0 .131(options, the v)2.631 -F .131(arious shell v)-.25 F .131(ariables set by the program-)-.25 F -(mable completion f)144 96 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)-.2 G +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .107 +(empty directory name from)144 84 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(CDP)2.607 E +-.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .107(is used, or if)2.357 F/F2 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF2.607 E F0 .106(is the \214rst ar)2.607 F .106 +(gument, and the directory change)-.18 F .038 +(is successful, the absolute pathname of the ne)144 96 R 2.538(ww)-.25 G +.038(orking directory is written to the standard output.)-2.638 F +(The return v)144 108 Q(alue is true if the directory w)-.25 E +(as successfully changed; f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F2(command)108 +124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255pVv)A F0(])A/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command) +2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 136.8 Q F3 +(command)2.765 E F0(with)3.335 E F3(ar)2.895 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .065 +(suppressing the normal shell function lookup.)2.835 F .064(Only b)5.064 +F .064(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .501(commands found in the)144 148.8 R +F1 -.666(PA)3.001 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.751 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +3.002(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F23.002 E F0 .502(option is gi) +3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .502(n, the search for).15 F F3(command)3.202 E +F0(is)3.772 E .4(performed using a def)144 160.8 R .4(ault v)-.1 F .4 +(alue for)-.25 F F1 -.666(PA)2.9 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .399 +(that is guaranteed to \214nd all of the standard utilities.)2.649 F(If) +5.399 E .174(either the)144 172.8 R F22.674 E F0(or)2.674 E F2 +2.674 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.674 F F3 +(command)2.875 E F0 .175(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.175 E F22.675 E +F0 .175(option causes)2.675 F 3.318(as)144 184.8 S .818(ingle w)-3.318 F +.817(ord indicating the command or \214lename used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo) +-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F3(command)3.617 E F0 .817(to be displayed; the)4.087 +F F2144 196.8 Q F0 .249(option produces a more v)2.749 F .249 +(erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.249 F F22.749 E F0(or) +2.749 E F22.75 E F0 .25(option is supplied, the e)2.75 F .25 +(xit status)-.15 F 1.005(is 0 if)144 208.8 R F3(command)3.705 E F0 -.1 +(wa)4.275 G 3.505(sf).1 G 1.005(ound, and 1 if not.)-3.505 F 1.004 +(If neither option is supplied and an error occurred or)6.005 F F3 +(command)144.2 220.8 Q F0 1.598(cannot be found, the e)4.868 F 1.599 +(xit status is 127.)-.15 F 1.599(Otherwise, the e)6.599 F 1.599 +(xit status of the)-.15 F F2(command)4.099 E F0 -.2(bu)144 232.8 S +(iltin is the e).2 E(xit status of)-.15 E F3(command)2.5 E F0(.).77 E F2 +(compgen)108 249.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F3(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F3(wor)-2.5 E(d) +-.37 E F0(])A .013(Generate possible completion matches for)144 261.6 R +F3(wor)2.513 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F3(option)2.513 +E F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.512(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.512 E .981 +(accepted by the)144 273.6 R F2(complete)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 +(iltin with the e).2 F .981(xception of)-.15 F F23.481 E F0(and) +3.481 E F23.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .982(nd write the matches to the) +-3.481 F .131(standard output.)144 285.6 R .131(When using the)5.131 F +F22.631 E F0(or)2.631 E F22.631 E F0 .131(options, the v) +2.631 F .13(arious shell v)-.25 F .13(ariables set by the program-)-.25 +F(mable completion f)144 297.6 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)-.2 G (ilable, will not ha).25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(seful v).15 E(alues.)-.25 -E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 120 R .352 +E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 321.6 R .352 (ay as if the programmable completion code had gen-)-.1 F .02(erated th\ em directly from a completion speci\214cation with the same \215ags.)144 -132 R(If)5.02 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02 -(is speci\214ed, only)2.52 F(those completions matching)144 144 Q F2 -(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 168 Q +333.6 R(If)5.02 E F3(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only) +2.52 F(those completions matching)144 345.6 Q F3(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 +(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 369.6 Q (alue is true unless an in)-.25 E -.25(va)-.4 G -(lid option is supplied, or no matches were generated.).25 E F1 -(complete)108 184.8 Q F0([)3.729 E F1(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 3.729(][)C -F1-3.729 E F2(comp-option)3.729 E F0 3.729(][)C F1(\255DE)-3.729 E -F0 3.728(][)C F1-3.728 E F2(action)3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C F1 --3.728 E F2(globpat)3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C F1-3.728 E F2(wor)3.728 -E(dlist)-.37 E F0 3.728(][)C F1-3.728 E F2(func-)3.728 E(tion)108 -196.8 Q F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(command)2.5 E F0(])A([)144 208.8 Q -F1A F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(pr)2.5 E -(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(suf)2.5 E<8c78>-.18 E F0(]) -A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(name ...)A F0(])A F1(complete \255pr)108 -220.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255DE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.633(Specify ho)144 232.8 R 3.133(wa)-.25 G -.18(rg)-3.133 G .633 -(uments to each).18 F F2(name)3.133 E F0 .633(should be completed.)3.133 -F .634(If the)5.634 F F13.134 E F0 .634 -(option is supplied, or if no)3.134 F .14(options are supplied, e)144 -244.8 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w)-.15 -F .139(ay that allo)-.1 F .139(ws them to be)-.25 F .31 -(reused as input.)144 256.8 R(The)5.31 E F12.81 E F0 .31 -(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.81(sac).15 G .31 -(ompletion speci\214cation for each)-2.81 F F2(name)2.81 E F0 2.81(,o)C -1.11 -.4(r, i)-2.81 H 2.81(fn).4 G(o)-2.81 E F2(name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.347 -(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 268.8 R(The)6.347 E -F13.847 E F0 1.346(option indicates that the remaining options) -3.847 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 280.8 R(`def)-.74 E +(lid option is supplied, or no matches were generated.).25 E F2 +(complete)108 386.4 Q F0([)3.728 E F2(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 3.728(][)C +F2-3.728 E F3(comp-option)3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C F2(\255DE)-3.728 E +F0 3.728(][)C F2-3.728 E F3(action)3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C F2 +-3.728 E F3(globpat)3.728 E F0 3.729(][)C F2-3.729 E F3(wor)3.729 +E(dlist)-.37 E F0 3.729(][)C F2-3.729 E F3(func-)3.729 E(tion)108 +398.4 Q F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F3(command)2.5 E F0(])A([)144 410.4 Q +F2A F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F3(pr)2.5 E +(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F3(suf)2.5 E<8c78>-.18 E F0(]) +A F3(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3(name ...)A F0(])A F2(complete \255pr)108 +422.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255DE)A F0 2.5(][)C F3(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E +.634(Specify ho)144 434.4 R 3.134(wa)-.25 G -.18(rg)-3.134 G .634 +(uments to each).18 F F3(name)3.134 E F0 .634(should be completed.)3.134 +F .633(If the)5.634 F F23.133 E F0 .633 +(option is supplied, or if no)3.133 F .139(options are supplied, e)144 +446.4 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w)-.15 +F .14(ay that allo)-.1 F .14(ws them to be)-.25 F .31(reused as input.) +144 458.4 R(The)5.31 E F22.81 E F0 .31(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve) +-.15 G 2.81(sac).15 G .31(ompletion speci\214cation for each)-2.81 F F3 +(name)2.81 E F0 2.81(,o)C 1.11 -.4(r, i)-2.81 H 2.81(fn).4 G(o)-2.81 E +F3(name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.346 +(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 470.4 R(The)6.347 E +F23.847 E F0 1.347(option indicates that the remaining options) +3.847 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 482.4 R(`def)-.74 E (ault')-.1 E 3('c)-.74 G .5 (ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on)-3 F 3.455(ac)144 -292.8 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955 -(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.955 E F13.455 E F0 .955 -(option indicates that)3.455 F .064 -(the remaining options and actions should apply to `)144 304.8 R -(`empty')-.74 E 2.565('c)-.74 G .065 -(ommand completion; that is, comple-)-2.565 F -(tion attempted on a blank line.)144 316.8 Q 1.438 +494.4 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955 +(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.955 E F23.455 E F0 .955 +(option indicates that)3.455 F .065 +(the remaining options and actions should apply to `)144 506.4 R +(`empty')-.74 E 2.564('c)-.74 G .064 +(ommand completion; that is, comple-)-2.564 F +(tion attempted on a blank line.)144 518.4 Q 1.437 (The process of applying these completion speci\214cations when w)144 -340.8 R 1.437(ord completion is attempted is)-.1 F(described abo)144 -352.8 Q .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Pr)2.5 E -(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(.)A .555 -(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 376.8 R .855 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .555 +542.4 R 1.438(ord completion is attempted is)-.1 F(described abo)144 +554.4 Q .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(Pr)2.5 E +(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(.)A .556 +(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 578.4 R .856 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .555 (he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F .555(The ar)5.555 F .555 -(guments to the)-.18 F F13.056 E F0(,)A F13.056 E F0 3.056 -(,a)C(nd)-3.056 E F13.056 E F0 .723(options \(and, if necessary) -144 388.8 R 3.223(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.223 E F13.223 E F0(and)3.223 E -F13.223 E F0 .722 -(options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.223 F(xpan-)-.15 E -(sion before the)144 400.8 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G -(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1144 412.8 Q -F2(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 424.8 Q F2(comp-option)2.79 E F0 .291 +(guments to the)-.18 F F23.055 E F0(,)A F23.055 E F0 3.055 +(,a)C(nd)-3.055 E F23.055 E F0 .722(options \(and, if necessary) +144 590.4 R 3.222(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.222 E F23.222 E F0(and)3.222 E +F23.222 E F0 .723 +(options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.222 F(xpan-)-.15 E +(sion before the)144 602.4 Q F2(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F2144 614.4 Q +F3(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 626.4 Q F3(comp-option)2.791 E F0 .291 (controls se)2.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .291(ral aspects of the compspec') .15 F 2.791(sb)-.55 G(eha)-2.791 E .291(vior be)-.2 F .291 -(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 436.8 Q F2 -(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 448.8 Q F0 -.281(Perform the rest of the def)224 460.8 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.781 E +(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 638.4 Q F3 +(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F2(bashdefault)184 650.4 Q F0 +.281(Perform the rest of the def)224 662.4 R(ault)-.1 E F2(bash)2.781 E F0 .281(completions if the compspec generates no)2.781 F(matches.)224 -472.8 Q F1(default)184 484.8 Q F0 2.875(Use readline')224 484.8 R 5.375 -(sd)-.55 G(ef)-5.375 E 2.876 +674.4 Q F2(default)184 686.4 Q F0 2.876(Use readline')224 686.4 R 5.376 +(sd)-.55 G(ef)-5.376 E 2.875 (ault \214lename completion if the compspec generates no)-.1 F(matches.) -224 496.8 Q F1(dir)184 508.8 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory name c\ -ompletion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 520.8 Q F1 -(\214lenames)184 532.8 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 544.8 S .137(ll readline that th\ -e compspec generates \214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.636<798c> --.15 G(le-)-2.636 E .134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 556.8 R -2.634(ea)-.1 G .134(dding a slash to directory names, quoting spe-) --2.634 F .45(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 -568.8 R .45(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 580.8 Q -F1(noquote)184 592.8 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 592.8 S .814 -(ll readline not to quote the completed w).7 F .814(ords if the)-.1 F -3.314(ya)-.15 G .815(re \214lenames \(quoting)-3.314 F -(\214lenames is the def)224 604.8 Q(ault\).)-.1 E F1(nosort)184 616.8 Q -F0 -.7(Te)224 616.8 S(ll readline not to sort the list of possible comp\ -letions alphabetically).7 E(.)-.65 E F1(nospace)184 628.8 Q F0 -.7(Te) -224 628.8 S .22(ll readline not to append a space \(the def).7 F .22 -(ault\) to w)-.1 F .22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 -640.8 Q F1(plusdirs)184 652.8 Q F0 1.985(After an)224 652.8 R 4.485(ym) --.15 G 1.985 -(atches de\214ned by the compspec are generated, directory name)-4.485 F -.584(completion is attempted and an)224 664.8 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584 -(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 -676.8 Q F1144 688.8 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 700.8 Q F2 -(action)2.5 E F0(may be one of the follo)2.5 E -(wing to generate a list of possible completions:)-.25 E F1(alias)184 -712.8 Q F0(Alias names.)224 712.8 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1 -2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(55) -198.445 E 0 Cg EP +224 698.4 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(55)199.835 E 0 +Cg EP %%Page: 56 56 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(arrayv)184 84 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 96 Q(ariable names.)-.25 E F1 -(binding)184 108 Q(Readline)224 108 Q F0 -.1(ke)2.5 G 2.5(yb)-.05 G -(inding names.)-2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)184 120 S(iltin).2 E F0 -(Names of shell b)224 120 Q(uiltin commands.)-.2 E -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(command)184 132 -Q F0(Command names.)224 144 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 -E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 156 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 168 Q -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 180 -Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 192 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184 -204 Q F0(Names of enabled shell b)224 204 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(export)184 -216 Q F0(Names of e)224 216 Q(xported shell v)-.15 E 2.5(ariables. May) +SF(dir)184 84 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory name completion if th\ +e compspec generates no matches.)224 96 Q F1(\214lenames)184 108 Q F0 +-.7(Te)224 120 S .137(ll readline that the compspec generates \214lenam\ +es, so it can perform an).7 F 2.637<798c>-.15 G(le-)-2.637 E .134 +(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 132 R 2.634(ea)-.1 G .134 +(dding a slash to directory names, quoting spe-)-2.634 F .45 +(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 144 R .45 +(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 156 Q F1(noquote) +184 168 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 168 S .814 +(ll readline not to quote the completed w).7 F .814(ords if the)-.1 F +3.314(ya)-.15 G .814(re \214lenames \(quoting)-3.314 F +(\214lenames is the def)224 180 Q(ault\).)-.1 E F1(nosort)184 192 Q F0 +-.7(Te)224 192 S(ll readline not to sort the list of possible completio\ +ns alphabetically).7 E(.)-.65 E F1(nospace)184 204 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 204 S +.22(ll readline not to append a space \(the def).7 F .22(ault\) to w)-.1 +F .22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 216 Q F1 +(plusdirs)184 228 Q F0 1.985(After an)224 228 R 4.485(ym)-.15 G 1.985 +(atches de\214ned by the compspec are generated, directory name)-4.485 F +.583(completion is attempted and an)224 240 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584 +(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 252 +Q F1144 264 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 276 +Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(may be one of the follo)2.5 E +(wing to generate a list of possible completions:)-.25 E F1(alias)184 +288 Q F0(Alias names.)224 288 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1 +2.5 E F0(.)A F1(arrayv)184 300 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 312 Q +(ariable names.)-.25 E F1(binding)184 324 Q(Readline)224 324 Q F0 -.1 +(ke)2.5 G 2.5(yb)-.05 G(inding names.)-2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)184 336 S(iltin) +.2 E F0(Names of shell b)224 336 Q(uiltin commands.)-.2 E +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(command)184 348 +Q F0(Command names.)224 360 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 +E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 372 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 384 Q +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 396 +Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 408 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184 +420 Q F0(Names of enabled shell b)224 420 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(export)184 +432 Q F0(Names of e)224 432 Q(xported shell v)-.15 E 2.5(ariables. May) -.25 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(\214le)184 -228 Q F0(File names.)224 228 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1 -2.5 E F0(.)A F1(function)184 240 Q F0(Names of shell functions.)224 252 -Q F1(gr)184 264 Q(oup)-.18 E F0(Group names.)224 264 Q +444 Q F0(File names.)224 444 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1 +2.5 E F0(.)A F1(function)184 456 Q F0(Names of shell functions.)224 468 +Q F1(gr)184 480 Q(oup)-.18 E F0(Group names.)224 480 Q (May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(helptopic)184 -276 Q F0(Help topics as accepted by the)224 288 Q F1(help)2.5 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(hostname)184 300 Q F0(Hostnames, as tak)224 312 -Q(en from the \214le speci\214ed by the)-.1 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(shell v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(job)184 324 Q F0 -(Job names, if job control is acti)224 324 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.M).15 G -(ay also be speci\214ed as)-5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ke)184 336 S -(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Shell reserv)224 348 Q(ed w)-.15 E 2.5(ords. May) +492 Q F0(Help topics as accepted by the)224 504 Q F1(help)2.5 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(hostname)184 516 Q F0(Hostnames, as tak)224 528 +Q(en from the \214le speci\214ed by the)-.1 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(shell v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(job)184 540 Q F0 +(Job names, if job control is acti)224 540 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.M).15 G +(ay also be speci\214ed as)-5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ke)184 552 S +(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Shell reserv)224 564 Q(ed w)-.15 E 2.5(ords. May) -.1 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(running)184 -360 Q F0(Names of running jobs, if job control is acti)224 360 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(ser)184 372 Q(vice)-.1 E F0(Service names.)224 372 -Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(setopt)184 384 -Q F0 -1.11(Va)224 384 S(lid ar)1.11 E(guments for the)-.18 E F12.5 +576 Q F0(Names of running jobs, if job control is acti)224 576 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1(ser)184 588 Q(vice)-.1 E F0(Service names.)224 588 +Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(setopt)184 600 +Q F0 -1.11(Va)224 600 S(lid ar)1.11 E(guments for the)-.18 E F12.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1 -(shopt)184 396 Q F0(Shell option names as accepted by the)224 396 Q F1 -(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(signal)184 408 Q F0 -(Signal names.)224 408 Q F1(stopped)184 420 Q F0 -(Names of stopped jobs, if job control is acti)224 420 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G -(.).15 E F1(user)184 432 Q F0(User names.)224 432 Q -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 444 S -(riable).1 E F0(Names of all shell v)224 444 Q 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F -(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1144 456 Q/F3 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E(command)184 468 Q F0 1.055(is e)3.555 -F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.055(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056 +(shopt)184 612 Q F0(Shell option names as accepted by the)224 612 Q F1 +(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(signal)184 624 Q F0 +(Signal names.)224 624 Q F1(stopped)184 636 Q F0 +(Names of stopped jobs, if job control is acti)224 636 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G +(.).15 E F1(user)184 648 Q F0(User names.)224 648 Q +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 660 S +(riable).1 E F0(Names of all shell v)224 660 Q 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F +(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1144 672 Q F2 +(command)2.5 E(command)184 684 Q F0 1.056(is e)3.556 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +1.056(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056 (vironment, and its output is used as the possible)-.4 F(completions.) -184 480 Q F1144 492 Q F3(function)2.5 E F0 .114 -(The shell function)184 504 R F3(function)2.614 E F0 .114(is e)2.614 F --.15(xe)-.15 G .114(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 2.614 -(vironment. When)-.4 F .113(the func-)2.613 F .816(tion is e)184 516 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .816(cuted, the \214rst ar).15 F .816(gument \()-.18 F F1 -($1)A F0 3.316(\)i)C 3.316(st)-3.316 G .817 -(he name of the command whose ar)-3.316 F(guments)-.18 E 1.407 -(are being completed, the second ar)184 528 R 1.407(gument \()-.18 F F1 -($2)A F0 3.907(\)i)C 3.907(st)-3.907 G 1.407(he w)-3.907 F 1.407 -(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .103(third ar)184 540 R .103 -(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.603(\)i)C 2.603(st)-2.603 G .103(he w) --2.603 F .104(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .104 -(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .102(mand line.)184 552 R -.102(When it \214nishes, the possible completions are retrie)5.102 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.601(df).15 G .101(rom the v)-2.601 F .101(alue of the) --.25 F F2(COMPREPL)184 564 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E -F1144 576 Q F3(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.007(The pathname e)184 588 R -1.007(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F3(globpat)3.507 E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F -1.008(xpanded to generate the possible comple-)-.15 F(tions.)184 600 Q -F1144 612 Q F3(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr)184 624 Q(e\214x)-.37 E -F0 .535(is added at the be)3.035 F .534 -(ginning of each possible completion after all other options ha)-.15 F --.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 636 Q F1144 648 Q F3(suf)2.5 E -<8c78>-.18 E(suf)184 648 Q<8c78>-.18 E F0 -(is appended to each possible completion after all other options ha)2.5 -E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1144 660 Q F3(wor)2.5 E -(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 672 Q F3(wor)3.639 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14 -(is split using the characters in the)3.639 F F2(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.14 -(special v)3.39 F 1.14(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F 2.008 -(each resultant w)184 684 R 2.008(ord is e)-.1 F 4.508(xpanded. The)-.15 -F 2.007(possible completions are the members of the)4.508 F -(resultant list which match the w)184 696 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(56)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +184 696 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(56)199.835 E 0 Cg +EP %%Page: 57 57 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat) -184 96 Q F0 .455(is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.955 F 2.956 -(xpansion. It)-.15 F .456(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F -1.596(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 108 R -1.596(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 120 Q F2 -(\214lterpat)3.204 E F0 .704(is remo)3.204 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.204(df).15 -G .704(rom the list.)-3.204 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!) -3.204 E F0(in)3.204 E F2(\214lterpat)3.205 E F0(ne)3.205 E -.05(ga)-.15 -G .705(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 132 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G +SF144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(function)2.5 E F0 .113 +(The shell function)184 96 R F2(function)2.614 E F0 .114(is e)2.614 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G .114(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 2.614 +(vironment. When)-.4 F .114(the func-)2.614 F .817(tion is e)184 108 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .817(cuted, the \214rst ar).15 F .817(gument \()-.18 F F1 +($1)A F0 3.316(\)i)C 3.316(st)-3.316 G .816 +(he name of the command whose ar)-3.316 F(guments)-.18 E 1.407 +(are being completed, the second ar)184 120 R 1.407(gument \()-.18 F F1 +($2)A F0 3.907(\)i)C 3.907(st)-3.907 G 1.407(he w)-3.907 F 1.407 +(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .104(third ar)184 132 R .104 +(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.604(\)i)C 2.604(st)-2.604 G .104(he w) +-2.604 F .104(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .103 +(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .101(mand line.)184 144 R +.101(When it \214nishes, the possible completions are retrie)5.101 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.602(df).15 G .102(rom the v)-2.602 F .102(alue of the) +-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMPREPL)184 156 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 +E(ariable.)-.25 E F1144 168 Q F2(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.008 +(The pathname e)184 180 R 1.008(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F2(globpat)3.507 +E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F 1.007(xpanded to generate the possible comple-) +-.15 F(tions.)184 192 Q F1144 204 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr) +184 216 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .534(is added at the be)3.034 F .534 +(ginning of each possible completion after all other options ha)-.15 F +-.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 228 Q F1144 240 Q F2(suf)2.5 E +<8c78>-.18 E(suf)184 240 Q<8c78>-.18 E F0 +(is appended to each possible completion after all other options ha)2.5 +E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1144 252 Q F2(wor)2.5 E +(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 264 Q F2(wor)3.64 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14 +(is split using the characters in the)3.64 F F3(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.139 +(special v)3.39 F 1.139(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F 2.007 +(each resultant w)184 276 R 2.007(ord is e)-.1 F 4.507(xpanded. The)-.15 +F 2.008(possible completions are the members of the)4.507 F +(resultant list which match the w)184 288 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E +F1144 300 Q F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 312 Q F0 .456 +(is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.956 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15 F +.455(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596 +(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 324 R 1.596 +(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 336 Q F2(\214lterpat) +3.205 E F0 .705(is remo)3.205 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.205(df).15 G .704 +(rom the list.)-3.205 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)3.204 E F0 +(in)3.204 E F2(\214lterpat)3.204 E F0(ne)3.204 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .704 +(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 348 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G (ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .467(The return v)144 148.8 R .467 +-.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .466(The return v)144 364.8 R .466 (alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .466 -(lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F12.966 E F0 -(or)2.966 E F12.966 E F0 .466(is sup-)2.966 F 1.361 -(plied without a)144 160.8 R F2(name)3.861 E F0(ar)3.861 E 1.361 -(gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.662 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H -1.362(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 172.8 Q F0 +(lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F12.967 E F0 +(or)2.967 E F12.967 E F0 .467(is sup-)2.967 F 1.362 +(plied without a)144 376.8 R F2(name)3.862 E F0(ar)3.862 E 1.361 +(gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.661 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H +1.361(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 388.8 Q F0 (for which no speci\214cation e)2.5 E (xists, or an error occurs adding a completion speci\214cation.)-.15 E -F1(compopt)108 189.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C +F1(compopt)108 405.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255DE)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 -(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 201.6 R +(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 417.6 R F2(name)2.947 E F0 .447(according to the)2.947 F F2(option)2.947 E F0 -.447(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E .725 -(completion if no)144 213.6 R F2(name)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)C .725 -(re supplied.)-3.225 F .725(If no)5.725 F F2(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa) -C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .726 -(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 225.6 Q F2(name) -3.224 E F0 .724(or the current completion.)3.224 F .724(The possible v) +.447(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E .726 +(completion if no)144 429.6 R F2(name)3.226 E F0 3.226(sa)C .726 +(re supplied.)-3.226 F .725(If no)5.725 F F2(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa) +C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .725 +(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 441.6 Q F2(name) +3.223 E F0 .723(or the current completion.)3.223 F .724(The possible v) 5.724 F .724(alues of)-.25 F F2(option)3.224 E F0 .724(are those v)3.224 -F .723(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.223 E(plete)144 237.6 Q F0 -.2(bu) -2.797 G .297(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.297(.T).15 G(he) +F .724(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.224 E(plete)144 453.6 Q F0 -.2(bu) +2.798 G .298(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.297(.T).15 G(he) -5.297 E F12.797 E F0 .297 (option indicates that the remaining options should apply to)2.797 F -1.228(the `)144 249.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.728('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\ +1.227(the `)144 465.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.727('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\ mmand completion; that is, completion attempted on a command for which \ -no)-3.728 F 2.177(completion has pre)144 261.6 R 2.177 -(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)7.177 E F14.677 E F0 2.178 -(option indicates that the remaining options)4.678 F(should apply to `) -144 273.6 Q(`empty')-.74 E 2.5('c)-.74 G +no)-3.727 F 2.178(completion has pre)144 477.6 R 2.178 +(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)7.178 E F14.678 E F0 2.177 +(option indicates that the remaining options)4.677 F(should apply to `) +144 489.6 Q(`empty')-.74 E 2.5('c)-.74 G (ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.)-2.5 -E 1.388(The return v)144 297.6 R 1.388(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F --.25(va)-.4 G 1.387 +E 1.387(The return v)144 513.6 R 1.387(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F +-.25(va)-.4 G 1.388 (lid option is supplied, an attempt is made to modify the).25 F -(options for a)144 309.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 +(options for a)144 525.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 (for which no completion speci\214cation e)2.5 E -(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 326.4 Q F0([) -2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A 1.753(Resume the ne)144 338.4 R 1.753 +(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 542.4 Q F0([) +2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A 1.754(Resume the ne)144 554.4 R 1.754 (xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F1 -.25(fo)4.254 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1(while)4.254 E F0(,)A F1(until)4.254 E F0 4.254(,o)C(r)-4.254 E F1 -(select)4.254 E F0 4.254(loop. If)4.254 F F2(n)4.614 E F0 1.754 -(is speci\214ed,)4.494 F 1.209(resume at the)144 350.4 R F2(n)3.709 E F0 -1.209(th enclosing loop.)B F2(n)6.569 E F0 1.209(must be)3.949 F/F3 10 +(select)4.254 E F0 4.253(loop. If)4.254 F F2(n)4.613 E F0 1.753 +(is speci\214ed,)4.493 F 1.208(resume at the)144 566.4 R F2(n)3.709 E F0 +1.209(th enclosing loop.)B F2(n)6.569 E F0 1.209(must be)3.949 F/F4 10 /Symbol SF3.709 E F0 3.709(1. If)3.709 F F2(n)4.069 E F0 1.209 -(is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .513 -(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 362.4 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.013('l)-.74 G .513(oop\) is resumed.)-3.013 F .514 -(The return v)5.514 F .514(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F2(n)3.014 E F0(is) -3.014 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 374.4 Q F1(declar)108 391.2 +(is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .514 +(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 578.4 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.014('l)-.74 G .514(oop\) is resumed.)-3.014 F .513 +(The return v)5.513 F .513(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F2(n)3.013 E F0(is) +3.013 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 590.4 Q F1(declar)108 607.2 Q(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E F1 -(typeset)108 403.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 +(typeset)108 619.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 -2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C -(..])-2.5 E 1.265(Declare v)144 415.2 R 1.265(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F -1.565 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.265(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no) +(..])-2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 631.2 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F +1.564 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.264(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no) 3.765 E F2(name)3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 -G 3.764(nt).15 G 1.264(hen display the v)-3.764 F 1.264(alues of)-.25 F --.25(va)144 427.2 S 3.482(riables. The).25 F F13.482 E F0 .982 -(option will display the attrib)3.482 F .982(utes and v)-.2 F .983 -(alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.483 E F0 5.983(.W).18 G(hen)-5.983 E F1 -3.483 E F0 .983(is used)3.483 F(with)144 439.2 Q F2(name)2.775 E -F0(ar)2.775 E .275(guments, additional options, other than)-.18 F F1 -2.775 E F0(and)2.775 E F12.775 E F0 2.775(,a)C .274 -(re ignored.)-2.775 F(When)5.274 E F12.774 E F0 .274(is supplied) -2.774 F(without)144 451.2 Q F2(name)4.813 E F0(ar)4.813 E 2.313 -(guments, it will display the attrib)-.18 F 2.314(utes and v)-.2 F 2.314 -(alues of all v)-.25 F 2.314(ariables ha)-.25 F 2.314(ving the)-.2 F -(attrib)144 463.2 Q 1.182(utes speci\214ed by the additional options.) --.2 F 1.181(If no other options are supplied with)6.182 F F13.681 -E F0(,)A F1(declar)3.681 E(e)-.18 E F0 .62(will display the attrib)144 -475.2 R .62(utes and v)-.2 F .62(alues of all shell v)-.25 F 3.12 +G 3.765(nt).15 G 1.265(hen display the v)-3.765 F 1.265(alues of)-.25 F +-.25(va)144 643.2 S 3.483(riables. The).25 F F13.483 E F0 .983 +(option will display the attrib)3.483 F .983(utes and v)-.2 F .982 +(alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.482 E F0 5.982(.W).18 G(hen)-5.982 E F1 +3.482 E F0 .982(is used)3.482 F(with)144 655.2 Q F2(name)2.774 E +F0(ar)2.774 E .274(guments, additional options, other than)-.18 F F1 +2.775 E F0(and)2.775 E F12.775 E F0 2.775(,a)C .275 +(re ignored.)-2.775 F(When)5.275 E F12.775 E F0 .275(is supplied) +2.775 F(without)144 667.2 Q F2(name)4.814 E F0(ar)4.814 E 2.314 +(guments, it will display the attrib)-.18 F 2.314(utes and v)-.2 F 2.313 +(alues of all v)-.25 F 2.313(ariables ha)-.25 F 2.313(ving the)-.2 F +(attrib)144 679.2 Q 1.181(utes speci\214ed by the additional options.) +-.2 F 1.182(If no other options are supplied with)6.181 F F13.682 +E F0(,)A F1(declar)3.682 E(e)-.18 E F0 .62(will display the attrib)144 +691.2 R .62(utes and v)-.2 F .62(alues of all shell v)-.25 F 3.12 (ariables. The)-.25 F F13.12 E F0 .62 -(option will restrict the display)3.12 F 1.291(to shell functions.)144 -487.2 R(The)6.291 E F13.791 E F0 1.291(option inhibits the displa\ -y of function de\214nitions; only the function)3.791 F .948 -(name and attrib)144 499.2 R .948(utes are printed.)-.2 F .948(If the) +(option will restrict the display)3.12 F 1.29(to shell functions.)144 +703.2 R(The)6.29 E F13.79 E F0 1.291(option inhibits the display \ +of function de\214nitions; only the function)3.791 F .948 +(name and attrib)144 715.2 R .948(utes are printed.)-.2 F .948(If the) 5.948 F F1(extdeb)3.448 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .948 (shell option is enabled using)3.448 F F1(shopt)3.448 E F0 3.448(,t)C .948(he source)-3.448 F 1.342(\214le name and line number where the fun\ -ction is de\214ned are displayed as well.)144 511.2 R(The)6.342 E F1 -3.841 E F0(option)3.841 E(implies)144 523.2 Q F13.891 E F0 -6.391(.T)C(he)-6.391 E F13.891 E F0 1.391(option forces v)3.891 F -1.391(ariables to be created or modi\214ed at the global scope, e)-.25 F --.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E(when)144 535.2 Q F1(declar)4.383 E(e)-.18 E F0 -1.883(is e)4.383 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.883(cuted in a shell function.).15 F -1.882(It is ignored in all other cases.)6.883 F 1.882(The follo)6.882 F -(wing)-.25 E .793(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 547.2 -R .794(ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 F .794(ute or to gi)-.2 -F 1.094 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables)-.1 E(attrib)144 559.2 Q(utes:)-.2 E -F1144 571.2 Q F0(Each)180 571.2 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 -E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1 -(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1144 583.2 Q -F0(Each)180 583.2 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a) --.25 H(rray v).15 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1144 595.2 Q F0(Use function names only) -180 595.2 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 607.2 Q F0 .558(The v)180 607.2 R .558 -(ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558(ger; arithmetic e)-.15 F -.25 -(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .557 -(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION)180 619.2 Q F0(abo) -2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\)i).15 G 2.5(sp)-2.5 G(erformed when the v) --2.5 E(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E F1144 631.2 Q -F0 .909(When the v)180 631.2 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 -(alue, all upper)-.25 F .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 -G .91(rted to lo).15 F(wer)-.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 643.2 R -(upper)2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1144 655.2 -Q F0(Gi)180 655.2 Q 1.62 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2(name)3.82 E F0 -(the)3.82 E F2(namer)3.819 E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)3.819 E 1.319 -(ute, making it a name reference to another v)-.2 F(ariable.)-.25 E -1.518(That other v)180 667.2 R 1.518(ariable is de\214ned by the v)-.25 -F 1.519(alue of)-.25 F F2(name)4.019 E F0 6.519(.A)C 1.519 -(ll references, assignments, and)-6.519 F(attrib)180 679.2 Q .27 -(ute modi\214cations to)-.2 F F2(name)2.77 E F0 2.77(,e)C .27 -(xcept for changing the)-2.92 F F12.77 E F0(attrib)2.77 E .27 -(ute itself, are performed)-.2 F .894(on the v)180 691.2 R .894 -(ariable referenced by)-.25 F F2(name)3.394 E F0 1.995 -.55('s v)D 3.395 -(alue. The).3 F .895(nameref attrib)3.395 F .895 -(ute cannot be applied to)-.2 F(array v)180 703.2 Q(ariables.)-.25 E F1 -144 715.2 Q F0(Mak)180 715.2 Q(e)-.1 E F2(name)5.047 E F0 5.047 -(sr)C(eadonly)-5.047 E 7.547(.T)-.65 G 2.546 -(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-7.547 F 2.546 -(alues by subsequent)-.25 F(assignment statements or unset.)180 727.2 Q -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(57)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +ction is de\214ned are displayed as well.)144 727.2 R(The)6.342 E F1 +3.842 E F0(option)3.842 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5) +150.675 E(57)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 58 58 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF144 84 Q F0(Gi)180 84 Q .729 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.929 E F0(the)2.929 E F2(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E -F0(attrib)2.929 E 2.929(ute. T)-.2 F .429(raced functions inherit the) --.35 F F1(DEB)2.929 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.93 E F1(RETURN)2.93 E F0 -(traps from the calling shell.)180 96 Q(The trace attrib)5 E -(ute has no special meaning for v)-.2 E(ariables.)-.25 E F1144 108 -Q F0 .91(When the v)180 108 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 -(alue, all lo)-.25 F(wer)-.25 E .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15 -(ve)-.4 G .909(rted to upper).15 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 120 R(lo) -2.5 E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1144 -132 Q F0(Mark)180 132 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E -(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .12 -(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 148.8 R 2.62(ft)-.25 G .12 -(he attrib)-2.62 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .121 -(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.621 E F0 .121(may not be used)2.621 F -.645(to destro)144 160.8 R 3.145(ya)-.1 G 3.145(na)-3.145 G .645(rray v) --3.145 F .645(ariable and)-.25 F F1(+r)3.145 E F0 .645(will not remo) -3.145 F .945 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .645(he readonly attrib).15 F 3.144 -(ute. When)-.2 F .644(used in a func-)3.144 F(tion,)144 172.8 Q F1 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(implies)144 84 Q +/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF3.892 E F0 6.392(.T)C(he)-6.392 E F1 +3.892 E F0 1.391(option forces v)3.892 F 1.391 +(ariables to be created or modi\214ed at the global scope, e)-.25 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E(when)144 96 Q F1(declar)4.382 E(e)-.18 E F0 1.882 +(is e)4.382 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.882(cuted in a shell function.).15 F +1.883(It is ignored in all other cases.)6.882 F 1.883(The follo)6.883 F +(wing)-.25 E .794(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 108 R +.794(ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 F .793(ute or to gi)-.2 F +1.093 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables)-.1 E(attrib)144 120 Q(utes:)-.2 E F1 +144 132 Q F0(Each)180 132 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.5 E F0 +(is an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E +(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).) +.15 E F1144 144 Q F0(Each)180 144 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 +(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray v).15 E(ariable \(see) +-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1144 +156 Q F0(Use function names only)180 156 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 168 Q F0 +.557(The v)180 168 R .558(ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558 +(ger; arithmetic e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF .558(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION) +180 180 Q F0(abo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\)i).15 G 2.5(sp)-2.5 G +(erformed when the v)-2.5 E(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E +F1144 192 Q F0 .91(When the v)180 192 R .909 +(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909(alue, all upper)-.25 F .909 +(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .909(rted to lo).15 F(wer) +-.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 204 R(upper)2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E +(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1144 216 Q F0(Gi)180 216 Q 1.619 -.15 +(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2(name)3.819 E F0(the)3.819 E F2(namer)3.819 E +(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)3.819 E 1.319 +(ute, making it a name reference to another v)-.2 F(ariable.)-.25 E +1.519(That other v)180 228 R 1.519(ariable is de\214ned by the v)-.25 F +1.518(alue of)-.25 F F2(name)4.018 E F0 6.518(.A)C 1.518 +(ll references, assignments, and)-6.518 F(attrib)180 240 Q .27 +(ute modi\214cations to)-.2 F F2(name)2.77 E F0 2.77(,e)C .27 +(xcept for changing the)-2.92 F F12.77 E F0(attrib)2.77 E .27 +(ute itself, are performed)-.2 F .895(on the v)180 252 R .895 +(ariable referenced by)-.25 F F2(name)3.395 E F0 1.995 -.55('s v)D 3.395 +(alue. The).3 F .894(nameref attrib)3.395 F .894 +(ute cannot be applied to)-.2 F(array v)180 264 Q(ariables.)-.25 E F1 +144 276 Q F0(Mak)180 276 Q(e)-.1 E F2(name)5.046 E F0 5.046(sr)C +(eadonly)-5.046 E 7.546(.T)-.65 G 2.546 +(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-7.546 F 2.547 +(alues by subsequent)-.25 F(assignment statements or unset.)180 288 Q F1 +144 300 Q F0(Gi)180 300 Q .73 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2(name) +2.93 E F0(the)2.929 E F2(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib)2.929 E 2.929 +(ute. T)-.2 F .429(raced functions inherit the)-.35 F F1(DEB)2.929 E(UG) +-.1 E F0(and)2.929 E F1(RETURN)2.929 E F0(traps from the calling shell.) +180 312 Q(The trace attrib)5 E(ute has no special meaning for v)-.2 E +(ariables.)-.25 E F1144 324 Q F0 .909(When the v)180 324 R .909 +(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909(alue, all lo)-.25 F(wer)-.25 E .909 +(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .91(rted to upper).15 F(-) +-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 336 R(lo)2.5 E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E +(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1144 348 Q F0(Mark)180 348 Q F2(name)2.5 +E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E +(vironment.)-.4 E .121(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 364.8 R +2.621(ft)-.25 G .121(he attrib)-2.621 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 +F .12(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.62 E F0 .12(may not be used)2.62 F +.644(to destro)144 376.8 R 3.144(ya)-.1 G 3.144(na)-3.144 G .644(rray v) +-3.144 F .644(ariable and)-.25 F F1(+r)3.145 E F0 .645(will not remo) +3.145 F .945 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .645(he readonly attrib).15 F 3.145 +(ute. When)-.2 F .645(used in a func-)3.145 F(tion,)144 388.8 Q F1 (declar)2.835 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)2.835 E F1(typeset)2.835 E F0(mak)2.835 E 2.835(ee)-.1 G(ach)-2.835 E F2(name)2.835 E F0 .335 (local, as with the)2.835 F F1(local)2.835 E F0 .335 -(command, unless the)2.835 F F12.835 E F0(option)2.835 E 1.283 -(is supplied.)144 184.8 R 1.283(If a v)6.283 F 1.283 +(command, unless the)2.835 F F12.835 E F0(option)2.835 E 1.282 +(is supplied.)144 400.8 R 1.282(If a v)6.282 F 1.283 (ariable name is follo)-.25 F 1.283(wed by =)-.25 F F2(value)A F0 3.783 -(,t)C 1.283(he v)-3.783 F 1.283(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.282 -(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)3.782 E F0(.)A .926(When using)144 -196.8 R F13.426 E F0(or)3.426 E F13.426 E F0 .927 -(and the compound assignment syntax to create array v)3.426 F .927 -(ariables, additional)-.25 F(attrib)144 208.8 Q .592(utes do not tak)-.2 +(,t)C 1.283(he v)-3.783 F 1.283(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.283 +(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)3.783 E F0(.)A .927(When using)144 +412.8 R F13.427 E F0(or)3.427 E F13.427 E F0 .926 +(and the compound assignment syntax to create array v)3.427 F .926 +(ariables, additional)-.25 F(attrib)144 424.8 Q .592(utes do not tak)-.2 F 3.092(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.092 G .592 (ect until subsequent assignments.).25 F .592(The return v)5.592 F .592 (alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .429 (option is encountered, an attempt is made to de\214ne a function using) -144 220.8 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .429(\255f foo=bar)2.929 F F0 2.929(,a)C -2.929(na)-2.929 G .429(ttempt is)-2.929 F .063(made to assign a v)144 -232.8 R .063(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .062 -(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F .062 +144 436.8 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .428(\255f foo=bar)2.929 F F0 2.928(,a)C +2.928(na)-2.928 G .428(ttempt is)-2.928 F .062(made to assign a v)144 +448.8 R .062(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .063 +(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F .063 (alue to an array v)-.25 F(ari-)-.25 E .102 -(able without using the compound assignment syntax \(see)144 244.8 R F1 +(able without using the compound assignment syntax \(see)144 460.8 R F1 (Arrays)2.602 E F0(abo)2.602 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .102(\), one of the).15 F -F2(names)2.602 E F0 .102(is not a)2.602 F -.25(va)144 256.8 S .172 +F2(names)2.602 E F0 .101(is not a)2.602 F -.25(va)144 472.8 S .171 (lid shell v).25 F .171(ariable name, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 -F 2.671(fr)-.25 G .171(eadonly status for a readonly v)-2.671 F .171 -(ariable, an)-.25 F .96(attempt is made to turn of)144 268.8 R 3.46(fa) +F 2.671(fr)-.25 G .171(eadonly status for a readonly v)-2.671 F .172 +(ariable, an)-.25 F .96(attempt is made to turn of)144 484.8 R 3.46(fa) -.25 G .96(rray status for an array v)-3.46 F .96 -(ariable, or an attempt is made to display a)-.25 F(non-e)144 280.8 Q +(ariable, or an attempt is made to display a)-.25 F(non-e)144 496.8 Q (xistent function with)-.15 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(dirs [\255clpv] [+)108 297.6 Q F2(n)A F1 2.5(][)C-2.5 E F2(n)A F1 -(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 309.6 S .329 +(dirs [\255clpv] [+)108 513.6 Q F2(n)A F1 2.5(][)C-2.5 E F2(n)A F1 +(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 525.6 S .328 (thout options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.) -.4 F .328(The def)5.328 F .328(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238 -(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 321.6 R 1.238 -(Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F1(pushd)144 333.6 Q +.4 F .329(The def)5.329 F .329(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238 +(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 537.6 R 1.238 +(Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F1(pushd)144 549.6 Q F0(command; the)2.5 E F1(popd)2.5 E F0(command remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G -2.5(se).15 G(ntries from the list.)-2.5 E F1144 345.6 Q F0 -(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)180 345.6 Q -F1144 357.6 Q F0 .882 -(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def)180 357.6 R .881 +2.5(se).15 G(ntries from the list.)-2.5 E F1144 561.6 Q F0 +(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)180 561.6 Q +F1144 573.6 Q F0 .881 +(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def)180 573.6 R .882 (ault listing format uses a tilde to denote)-.1 F(the home directory)180 -369.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 381.6 Q F0 -(Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)180 381.6 Q F1 -144 393.6 Q F0 .272(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, \ -pre\214xing each entry with its inde)180 393.6 R 2.773(xi)-.15 G 2.773 -(nt)-2.773 G(he)-2.773 E(stack.)180 405.6 Q F1(+)144 417.6 Q F2(n)A F0 -1.565(Displays the)180 417.6 R F2(n)4.065 E F0 1.565 -(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.564(wn by)-.25 F F1 -(dirs)4.064 E F0 1.564(when in)4.064 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E -(without options, starting with zero.)180 429.6 Q F1144 441.6 Q F2 -(n)A F0 1.194(Displays the)180 441.6 R F2(n)3.694 E F0 1.194 +585.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 597.6 Q F0 +(Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)180 597.6 Q F1 +144 609.6 Q F0 .273(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, \ +pre\214xing each entry with its inde)180 609.6 R 2.772(xi)-.15 G 2.772 +(nt)-2.772 G(he)-2.772 E(stack.)180 621.6 Q F1(+)144 633.6 Q F2(n)A F0 +1.564(Displays the)180 633.6 R F2(n)4.064 E F0 1.565 +(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.565(wn by)-.25 F F1 +(dirs)4.065 E F0 1.565(when in)4.065 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E +(without options, starting with zero.)180 645.6 Q F1144 657.6 Q F2 +(n)A F0 1.194(Displays the)180 657.6 R F2(n)3.694 E F0 1.194 (th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.194(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)3.694 E F0 1.194(when in)3.694 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E -(without options, starting with zero.)180 453.6 Q .258(The return v)144 -470.4 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258 +(without options, starting with zero.)180 669.6 Q .257(The return v)144 +686.4 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258 (lid option is supplied or).25 F F2(n)2.758 E F0(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe) -.15 G 2.758(sb).15 G -.15(ey)-2.758 G .258(ond the end of the direc-) -.15 F(tory stack.)144 482.4 Q F1(diso)108 499.2 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F1 -(\255ar)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)-2.5 E F0 -(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 511.2 S .121(thout options, remo).4 F .422 -.15 -(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .122 -(from the table of acti)2.932 F .422 -.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.622(obs. If).15 -F F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .122(is not present, and)2.932 F .096 -(neither the)144 523.2 R F12.596 E F0 .096(nor the)2.596 F F1 -2.596 E F0 .096(option is supplied, the)2.596 F F2(curr)2.596 E -.096(ent job)-.37 F F0 .096(is used.)2.596 F .096(If the)5.096 F F1 -2.596 E F0 .096(option is gi)2.596 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .096(n, each) -.15 F F2(jobspec)145.74 535.2 Q F0 .585(is not remo)3.395 F -.15(ve)-.15 -G 3.085(df).15 G .585(rom the table, b)-3.085 F .585(ut is mark)-.2 F -.585(ed so that)-.1 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)3.085 E F0 .586 -(is not sent to the job if the)2.835 F .962(shell recei)144 547.2 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.462(sa).15 G F4(SIGHUP)A/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .962 -(If no)5.462 F F2(jobspec)5.202 E F0 .962(is supplied, the)3.772 F F1 -3.462 E F0 .962(option means to remo)3.462 F 1.262 -.15(ve o)-.15 -H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.358(jobs; the)144 559.2 R F1 -3.858 E F0 1.358(option without a)3.858 F F2(jobspec)5.598 E F0 -(ar)4.169 E 1.359(gument restricts operation to running jobs.)-.18 F -1.359(The return)6.359 F -.25(va)144 571.2 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F2 -(jobspec)4.24 E F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job)-.25 E(.)-.4 E -F1(echo)108 588 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g) --.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .425(Output the)144 600 R F2(ar)2.925 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.424(s, separated by spaces, follo)B .424(wed by a ne)-.25 F 2.924 -(wline. The)-.25 F .424(return status is 0 unless a write)2.924 F .307 -(error occurs.)144 612 R(If)5.307 E F12.807 E F0 .307 -(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)2.807 F .308(wline is suppressed.)-.25 -F .308(If the)5.308 F F12.808 E F0 .308(option is gi)2.808 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .308(n, inter).15 F(-)-.2 E 1.349(pretation of the follo)144 -624 R 1.348(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The) -6.348 E F13.848 E F0 1.348(option disables the)3.848 F 1.054 -(interpretation of these escape characters, e)144 636 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.555(no).15 G 3.555(ns)-3.555 G 1.055(ystems where the)-3.555 F 3.555 -(ya)-.15 G 1.055(re interpreted by def)-3.555 F(ault.)-.1 E(The)144 648 -Q F1(xpg_echo)3.459 E F0 .959 -(shell option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)3.459 -F F1(echo)3.458 E F0 -.15(ex)3.458 G(pands).15 E .715 -(these escape characters by def)144 660 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.715 E F0 -.716(does not interpret)3.215 F F13.216 E F0 .716 -(to mean the end of options.)3.216 F F1(echo)5.716 E F0 -(interprets the follo)144 672 Q(wing escape sequences:)-.25 E F1(\\a)144 -684 Q F0(alert \(bell\))180 684 Q F1(\\b)144 696 Q F0(backspace)180 696 -Q F1(\\c)144 708 Q F0(suppress further output)180 708 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 -768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(58)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +.15 F(tory stack.)144 698.4 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 +E(58)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 59 59 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(\\e)144 84 Q(\\E)144 96 Q F0(an escape character)180 96 Q F1(\\f)144 -108 Q F0(form feed)180 108 Q F1(\\n)144 120 Q F0(ne)180 120 Q 2.5(wl) --.25 G(ine)-2.5 E F1(\\r)144 132 Q F0(carriage return)180 132 Q F1(\\t) -144 144 Q F0(horizontal tab)180 144 Q F1(\\v)144 156 Q F0 -.15(ve)180 -156 S(rtical tab).15 E F1(\\\\)144 168 Q F0(backslash)180 168 Q F1(\\0) -144 180 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(nnn)A F0 -(the eight-bit character whose v)180 180 Q(alue is the octal v)-.25 E -(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F1 -(\\x)144 192 Q F2(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 192 Q +SF(diso)108 84 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255ar)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 +-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(jobspec)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E +-.4(Wi)144 96 S .122(thout options, remo).4 F .422 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach) +.15 E F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .122(from the table of acti)2.932 F .422 +-.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.622(obs. If).15 F F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .121 +(is not present, and)2.932 F .096(neither the)144 108 R F12.596 E +F0 .096(nor the)2.596 F F12.596 E F0 .096(option is supplied, the) +2.596 F F2(curr)2.596 E .096(ent job)-.37 F F0 .096(is used.)2.596 F +.096(If the)5.096 F F12.596 E F0 .096(option is gi)2.596 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G .096(n, each).15 F F2(jobspec)145.74 120 Q F0 .586 +(is not remo)3.396 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.086(df).15 G .585 +(rom the table, b)-3.086 F .585(ut is mark)-.2 F .585(ed so that)-.1 F +/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)3.085 E F0 .585 +(is not sent to the job if the)2.835 F .962(shell recei)144 132 R -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 3.462(sa).15 G F3(SIGHUP)A/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .962 +(If no)5.462 F F2(jobspec)5.202 E F0 .962(is supplied, the)3.772 F F1 +3.462 E F0 .962(option means to remo)3.462 F 1.262 -.15(ve o)-.15 +H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.359(jobs; the)144 144 R F1 +3.859 E F0 1.359(option without a)3.859 F F2(jobspec)5.599 E F0 +(ar)4.169 E 1.358(gument restricts operation to running jobs.)-.18 F +1.358(The return)6.358 F -.25(va)144 156 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F2 +(jobspec)4.24 E F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job)-.25 E(.)-.4 E +F1(echo)108 172.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g) +-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .424(Output the)144 184.8 R F2(ar)2.924 E(g)-.37 E +F0 .424(s, separated by spaces, follo)B .424(wed by a ne)-.25 F 2.924 +(wline. The)-.25 F .424(return status is 0 unless a write)2.924 F .308 +(error occurs.)144 196.8 R(If)5.308 E F12.808 E F0 .308 +(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)2.808 F .308(wline is suppressed.)-.25 +F .307(If the)5.308 F F12.807 E F0 .307(option is gi)2.807 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G .307(n, inter).15 F(-)-.2 E 1.348(pretation of the follo)144 +208.8 R 1.348(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The) +6.348 E F13.849 E F0 1.349(option disables the)3.849 F 1.055 +(interpretation of these escape characters, e)144 220.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G +3.555(no).15 G 3.555(ns)-3.555 G 1.055(ystems where the)-3.555 F 3.554 +(ya)-.15 G 1.054(re interpreted by def)-3.554 F(ault.)-.1 E(The)144 +232.8 Q F1(xpg_echo)3.458 E F0 .959 +(shell option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)3.458 +F F1(echo)3.459 E F0 -.15(ex)3.459 G(pands).15 E .716 +(these escape characters by def)144 244.8 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.716 E +F0 .716(does not interpret)3.216 F F13.216 E F0 .715 +(to mean the end of options.)3.216 F F1(echo)5.715 E F0 +(interprets the follo)144 256.8 Q(wing escape sequences:)-.25 E F1(\\a) +144 268.8 Q F0(alert \(bell\))180 268.8 Q F1(\\b)144 280.8 Q F0 +(backspace)180 280.8 Q F1(\\c)144 292.8 Q F0(suppress further output)180 +292.8 Q F1(\\e)144 304.8 Q(\\E)144 316.8 Q F0(an escape character)180 +316.8 Q F1(\\f)144 328.8 Q F0(form feed)180 328.8 Q F1(\\n)144 340.8 Q +F0(ne)180 340.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ine)-2.5 E F1(\\r)144 352.8 Q F0 +(carriage return)180 352.8 Q F1(\\t)144 364.8 Q F0(horizontal tab)180 +364.8 Q F1(\\v)144 376.8 Q F0 -.15(ve)180 376.8 S(rtical tab).15 E F1 +(\\\\)144 388.8 Q F0(backslash)180 388.8 Q F1(\\0)144 400.8 Q F2(nnn)A +F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 400.8 Q(alue is the octal v)-.25 +E(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F1 +(\\x)144 412.8 Q F2(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 412.8 Q (alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0 (\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1 -(\\u)144 204 Q F2(HHHH)A F0 1.507 -(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 216 R 1.506 -(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.506(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH) -4.006 E F0(\(one to four he)180 228 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1 -(\\U)144 240 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .547 -(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 252 R .547 -(alue is the he)-.25 F .548(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-) -3.048 E(HHH)180 264 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\)) --2.5 E F1(enable)108 280.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 2.5(][)C F1 -(\255dnps)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5 -(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .278(Enable and disable b)144 292.8 R +(\\u)144 424.8 Q F2(HHHH)A F0 1.506 +(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 436.8 R 1.507 +(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.507(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH) +4.007 E F0(\(one to four he)180 448.8 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1 +(\\U)144 460.8 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .548 +(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 472.8 R .547 +(alue is the he)-.25 F .547(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-) +3.047 E(HHH)180 484.8 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G +(igits\))-2.5 E F1(enable)108 501.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 2.5(][)C +F1(\255dnps)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5 +(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .277(Enable and disable b)144 513.6 R .278(uiltin shell commands.)-.2 F .278(Disabling a b)5.278 F .278 -(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .833 -(the same name as a shell b)144 304.8 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15 +(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .834 +(the same name as a shell b)144 525.6 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G .834(cuted without specifying a full pathname, e).15 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.334(nt).15 G(hough)-3.334 E .99 -(the shell normally searches for b)144 316.8 R .989 -(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F13.489 E F0 .989 -(is used, each)3.489 F F2(name)3.489 E F0 .989(is dis-)3.489 F 1.581 -(abled; otherwise,)144 328.8 R F2(names)4.082 E F0 1.582(are enabled.) +(ve)-.25 G 3.333(nt).15 G(hough)-3.333 E .989 +(the shell normally searches for b)144 537.6 R .989 +(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F13.489 E F0 .99 +(is used, each)3.49 F F2(name)3.49 E F0 .99(is dis-)3.49 F 1.582 +(abled; otherwise,)144 549.6 R F2(names)4.082 E F0 1.582(are enabled.) 4.082 F -.15(Fo)6.582 G 4.082(re).15 G 1.582(xample, to use the)-4.232 F -F1(test)4.082 E F0 1.582(binary found via the)4.082 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 -SF -.666(PA)4.082 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .081(instead of the shell b)144 340.8 -R .081(uiltin v)-.2 F .081(ersion, run)-.15 F/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .081 -(enable -n test)2.581 F F0 5.081(.T)C(he)-5.081 E F12.58 E F0 .08 -(option means to load the ne)2.58 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 352.8 S 1.524 -(iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.384 E F0 1.524(from shared object)4.204 F +F1(test)4.082 E F0 1.582(binary found via the)4.082 F F3 -.666(PA)4.081 +G(TH)-.189 E F0 .08(instead of the shell b)144 561.6 R .08(uiltin v)-.2 +F .08(ersion, run)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .081(enable -n test)2.58 F +F0 5.081(.T)C(he)-5.081 E F12.581 E F0 .081 +(option means to load the ne)2.581 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 573.6 S 1.525 +(iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.385 E F0 1.524(from shared object)4.204 F F2(\214lename)4.024 E F0 4.024(,o).18 G 4.024(ns)-4.024 G 1.524 -(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144 364.8 Q F1 -2.867 E F0 .367(option will delete a b)2.867 F .367(uiltin pre)-.2 F -.367(viously loaded with)-.25 F F12.866 E F0 5.366(.I)C 2.866(fn) --5.366 G(o)-2.866 E F2(name)2.866 E F0(ar)2.866 E .366(guments are gi) --.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .366(n, or).15 F .398(if the)144 376.8 R F1 -2.898 E F0 .399(option is supplied, a list of shell b)2.899 F .399 +(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144 585.6 Q F1 +2.866 E F0 .366(option will delete a b)2.866 F .366(uiltin pre)-.2 F +.366(viously loaded with)-.25 F F12.867 E F0 5.367(.I)C 2.867(fn) +-5.367 G(o)-2.867 E F2(name)2.867 E F0(ar)2.867 E .367(guments are gi) +-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .367(n, or).15 F .399(if the)144 597.6 R F1 +2.899 E F0 .399(option is supplied, a list of shell b)2.899 F .399 (uiltins is printed.)-.2 F -.4(Wi)5.399 G .399(th no other option ar).4 -F .399(guments, the)-.18 F .099(list consists of all enabled shell b)144 -388.8 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F12.598 E F0 .098 -(is supplied, only disabled b)2.598 F .098(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F -(If)5.098 E F12.598 E F0 1.916 -(is supplied, the list printed includes all b)144 400.8 R 1.916 -(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.879 -(enabled. If)144 412.8 R F12.879 E F0 .379 -(is supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)2.879 F F2(special) -2.879 E F0 -.2(bu)2.878 G 2.878(iltins. The).2 F .378(return v)2.878 F -(alue)-.25 E .994(is 0 unless a)144 424.8 R F2(name)3.854 E F0 .994 -(is not a shell b)3.674 F .994(uiltin or there is an error loading a ne) --.2 F 3.495(wb)-.25 G .995(uiltin from a shared)-3.695 F(object.)144 -436.8 Q F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 453.6 T(l).15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 -E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 465.6 Q F2(ar)3.171 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.171(sa)C -.671(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.171 F -.67(This command is then read)5.67 F .495(and e)144 477.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 -G .495(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .495 +F .398(guments, the)-.18 F .098(list consists of all enabled shell b)144 +609.6 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F12.598 E F0 .098 +(is supplied, only disabled b)2.598 F .099(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F +(If)5.099 E F12.599 E F0 1.917 +(is supplied, the list printed includes all b)144 621.6 R 1.916 +(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.878 +(enabled. If)144 633.6 R F12.878 E F0 .379 +(is supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)2.878 F F2(special) +2.879 E F0 -.2(bu)2.879 G 2.879(iltins. The).2 F .379(return v)2.879 F +(alue)-.25 E .995(is 0 unless a)144 645.6 R F2(name)3.855 E F0 .994 +(is not a shell b)3.675 F .994(uiltin or there is an error loading a ne) +-.2 F 3.494(wb)-.25 G .994(uiltin from a shared)-3.694 F(object.)144 +657.6 Q F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 674.4 T(l).15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 +E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 686.4 Q F2(ar)3.17 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.17(sa)C .671 +(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.17 F .671 +(This command is then read)5.671 F .495(and e)144 698.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +.495(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .495 (xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .495(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15 (ev a)2.995 H(l).15 E F0 5.495(.I)C 2.995(ft)-5.495 G .495(here are no) --2.995 F F2(ar)2.995 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 489.6 Q -(guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E F1 -(exec)108 506.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2 -(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(command)-2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments) --.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 518.4 Q F2(command)3.006 E F0 .306 -(is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.576 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805 -(wp)-.25 G .305(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.305 E F2(ar)3.135 E -(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.075 E .176(the ar)144 530.4 R .176 -(guments to)-.18 F F2(command)2.676 E F0 5.176(.I)C 2.676(ft)-5.176 G -(he)-2.676 E F12.676 E F0 .176 -(option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .177 -(ginning of)-.15 F .5(the zeroth ar)144 542.4 R .5(gument passed to)-.18 -F F2(command)3 E F0 5.499(.T).77 G .499(his is what)-5.499 F F2(lo)2.999 -E(gin)-.1 E F0 .499(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.499 E F12.999 E F0 -.499(option causes)2.999 F F2(com-)3.199 E(mand)144 554.4 Q F0 .638 -(to be e)3.908 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138 -(vironment. If)-.4 F F13.138 E F0 .638 -(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.499 E F0 .639(as the) -3.319 F 1.078(zeroth ar)144 566.4 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted command.).15 F(If)6.077 E F2(command)3.777 E F0 -1.077(cannot be e)4.347 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted for some reason, a) -.15 F(non-interacti)144 578.4 Q .876 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .576(hell e).15 F -.576(xits, unless the)-.15 F F1(execfail)3.076 E F0 .577 -(shell option is enabled.)3.077 F .577(In that case, it returns f)5.577 -F(ail-)-.1 E 2.505(ure. An)144 590.4 R(interacti)2.505 E .305 -.15(ve s) --.25 H .005(hell returns f).15 F .005(ailure if the \214le cannot be e) --.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.505(cuted. If).15 F F2(command)2.705 E F0 .005 -(is not speci\214ed,)3.275 F(an)144 602.4 Q 3.036(yr)-.15 G .536 -(edirections tak)-3.036 F 3.036(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.036 G .536 -(ect in the current shell, and the return status is 0.).25 F .536 -(If there is a redirection)5.536 F(error)144 614.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G -(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 631.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -(])A .096(Cause the shell to e)144 631.2 R .096(xit with a status of) --.15 F F2(n)2.596 E F0 5.096(.I)C(f)-5.096 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .095 -(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .095(xit status is that of the last command) --.15 F -.15(exe)144 643.2 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E F3(EXIT)2.5 -E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E -F1(export)108 660 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F2(name)-2.5 -E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 672 Q F0 -.256(The supplied)144 684 R F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F -.257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F .257(xport to the en)-.15 F .257 -(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.627 -(commands. If)144 696 R(the)2.627 E F12.627 E F0 .127 -(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the).15 F F2(names)2.987 E -F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no)5.127 F F2(names)2.987 E -F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .126(n, or if the).15 F F1 -144 708 Q F0 .048(option is supplied, a list of names of all e)2.547 F -.048(xported v)-.15 F .048(ariables is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.048 E F1 -2.548 E F0 .048(option causes the)2.548 F -.15(ex)144 720 S 1.447 -(port property to be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.947(df).15 G 1.447 -(rom each)-3.947 F F2(name)3.947 E F0 6.447(.I)C 3.947(fav)-6.447 G -1.447(ariable name is follo)-4.197 F 1.447(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d) --.37 E F0 3.946(,t)C(he)-3.946 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6) -149.285 E(59)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +-2.995 F F2(ar)2.995 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 710.4 Q +(guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(59)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 60 60 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -.25(va)144 84 S -.741(lue of the v).25 F .741(ariable is set to)-.25 F/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)3.241 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -(export)5.741 E F0 .742(returns an e)3.242 F .742 -(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G .742(lid option is) -.25 F .032(encountered, one of the)144 96 R F1(names)2.532 E F0 .032 -(is not a v)2.532 F .032(alid shell v)-.25 F .032(ariable name, or)-.25 -F F22.531 E F0 .031(is supplied with a)2.531 F F1(name)2.891 E F0 -(that)2.711 E(is not a function.)144 108 Q F2(fc)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E -F2A F1(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1 -<8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(last)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(fc \255s)108 -136.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(pat)A F0(=)A F1 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F1 -(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .431 -(The \214rst form selects a range of commands from)144 148.8 R F1<8c72> -4.842 E(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.612 E F1(last)3.022 E F0 .432 -(from the history list and displays or)3.612 F .142(edits and re-e)144 -160.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .142(cutes them.).15 F F1 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs) -.45 G(t).1 E F0(and)3.321 E F1(last)2.731 E F0 .141 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(exec)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(command)-2.5 E F0([)2.5 E +F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 96 Q F2(command)3.005 E F0 .305 +(is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.575 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805 +(wp)-.25 G .306(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.306 E F2(ar)3.136 E +(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.076 E .177(the ar)144 108 R .177(guments to) +-.18 F F2(command)2.676 E F0 5.176(.I)C 2.676(ft)-5.176 G(he)-2.676 E F1 +2.676 E F0 .176 +(option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .176 +(ginning of)-.15 F .499(the zeroth ar)144 120 R .499(gument passed to) +-.18 F F2(command)2.999 E F0 5.499(.T).77 G .499(his is what)-5.499 F F2 +(lo)2.999 E(gin)-.1 E F0 .499(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.5 E F13 E F0 +.5(option causes)3 F F2(com-)3.2 E(mand)144 132 Q F0 .639(to be e)3.909 +F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138(vironment. If) +-.4 F F13.138 E F0 .638(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2 +(name)3.498 E F0 .638(as the)3.318 F 1.077(zeroth ar)144 144 R 1.077 +(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted command.).15 F(If) +6.077 E F2(command)3.777 E F0 1.077(cannot be e)4.347 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +1.077(cuted for some reason, a).15 F(non-interacti)144 156 Q .877 -.15 +(ve s)-.25 H .577(hell e).15 F .577(xits, unless the)-.15 F F1(execfail) +3.077 E F0 .577(shell option is enabled.)3.077 F .576 +(In that case, it returns f)5.577 F(ail-)-.1 E 2.505(ure. An)144 168 R +(interacti)2.505 E .305 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .005(hell returns f).15 F .005 +(ailure if the \214le cannot be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.505(cuted. If) +.15 F F2(command)2.705 E F0 .005(is not speci\214ed,)3.275 F(an)144 180 +Q 3.037(yr)-.15 G .537(edirections tak)-3.037 F 3.036(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff) +-3.036 G .536(ect in the current shell, and the return status is 0.).25 +F .536(If there is a redirection)5.536 F(error)144 192 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G +(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 208.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +(])A .095(Cause the shell to e)144 208.8 R .095(xit with a status of) +-.15 F F2(n)2.595 E F0 5.095(.I)C(f)-5.095 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .096 +(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .096(xit status is that of the last command) +-.15 F -.15(exe)144 220.8 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXIT)2.5 E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E F1(export)108 237.6 Q F0([)2.5 +E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E +F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 249.6 Q F0 .257(The supplied)144 261.6 R +F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F .257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F +.257(xport to the en)-.15 F .257(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.626(commands. If)144 273.6 R(the)2.626 E F1 +2.626 E F0 .127(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the) +.15 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no) +5.127 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127 +(n, or if the).15 F F1144 285.6 Q F0 .048 +(option is supplied, a list of names of all e)2.548 F .048(xported v) +-.15 F .048(ariables is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.048 E F12.547 E F0 +.047(option causes the)2.547 F -.15(ex)144 297.6 S 1.446 +(port property to be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.947(df).15 G 1.447 +(rom each)-3.947 F F2(name)3.947 E F0 6.447(.I)C 3.947(fav)-6.447 G +1.447(ariable name is follo)-4.197 F 1.447(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d) +-.37 E F0 3.947(,t)C(he)-3.947 E -.25(va)144 309.6 S .742(lue of the v) +.25 F .742(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)3.242 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1 +(export)5.742 E F0 .742(returns an e)3.242 F .741 +(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G .741(lid option is) +.25 F .031(encountered, one of the)144 321.6 R F2(names)2.531 E F0 .031 +(is not a v)2.531 F .032(alid shell v)-.25 F .032(ariable name, or)-.25 +F F12.532 E F0 .032(is supplied with a)2.532 F F2(name)2.892 E F0 +(that)2.712 E(is not a function.)144 333.6 Q F1(fc)108 350.4 Q F0([)2.5 +E F1A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 +<8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(last)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(fc \255s)108 +362.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 +(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .432 +(The \214rst form selects a range of commands from)144 374.4 R F2<8c72> +4.842 E(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.612 E F2(last)3.022 E F0 .431 +(from the history list and displays or)3.612 F .141(edits and re-e)144 +386.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .141(cutes them.).15 F F2 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs) +.45 G(t).1 E F0(and)3.321 E F2(last)2.731 E F0 .141 (may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command)3.321 F(be) -144 172.8 Q .31(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde)-.15 -F 2.811(xi)-.15 G .311(nto the history list, where a ne)-2.811 F -.05 -(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .611 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E .315 -(is used as an of)144 184.8 R .315 -(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F(If)5.315 E F1(last)2.904 -E F0 .314(is not speci\214ed it is set to the cur)3.494 F(-)-.2 E .948 -(rent command for listing \(so that)144 196.8 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .948 +144 398.4 Q .311(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde) +-.15 F 2.811(xi)-.15 G .31(nto the history list, where a ne)-2.811 F +-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .61 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E .314 +(is used as an of)144 410.4 R .314 +(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F(If)5.314 E F2(last)2.905 +E F0 .315(is not speci\214ed it is set to the cur)3.495 F(-)-.2 E .949 +(rent command for listing \(so that)144 422.4 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .948 (fc \255l \25510)3.448 F F0 .948(prints the last 10 commands\) and to) -3.448 F F1<8c72>5.359 E(st)-.1 E F0(other)4.129 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. If) -144 208.8 R F1<8c72>4.41 E(st)-.1 E F0 +3.448 F F2<8c72>5.358 E(st)-.1 E F0(other)4.128 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. If) +144 434.4 R F2<8c72>4.41 E(st)-.1 E F0 (is not speci\214ed it is set to the pre)3.18 E -(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 232.8 -Q F22.522 E F0 .022 +(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 458.4 +Q F12.522 E F0 .022 (option suppresses the command numbers when listing.)2.522 F(The)5.022 E -F22.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022 -(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 244.8 R .438(If the) -5.438 F F22.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438 +F12.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022 +(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 470.4 R .438(If the) +5.438 F F12.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438 (n, the commands are listed on standard output.).15 F(Otherwise,)5.438 E -.335(the editor gi)144 256.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E -F1(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is in)3.015 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835 +.334(the editor gi)144 482.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.834(nb).15 G(y)-2.834 E +F2(ename)3.024 E F0 .335(is in)3.014 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835 (do).1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835 -F(If)5.334 E F1(ename)3.024 E F0 .334(is not gi)3.014 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -(n,).15 E .63(the v)144 268.8 R .63(alue of the)-.25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 -SF(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 -.25(va)2.88 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F -.631(alue of)-.25 F F4(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F4(FCEDIT) -3.131 E F0 .631(is not set.)2.881 F .631(If nei-)5.631 F .951(ther v)144 -280.8 R .951(ariable is set,)-.25 F F1(vi)5.117 E F0 .951(is used.)5.117 -F .95(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and)5.951 -F -.15(exe)144 292.8 S(cuted.).15 E .788(In the second form,)144 316.8 R -F1(command)3.288 E F0 .788(is re-e)3.288 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 -(cuted after each instance of).15 F F1(pat)3.288 E F0 .788 -(is replaced by)3.288 F F1 -.37(re)3.289 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F1(Com-)5.789 -E(mand)144 328.8 Q F0 .347(is intepreted the same as)2.847 F F1<8c72> +F(If)5.335 E F2(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is not gi)3.015 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +(n,).15 E .631(the v)144 494.4 R .631(alue of the)-.25 F F3(FCEDIT)3.131 +E F0 -.25(va)2.881 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of) +-.25 F F3(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F3(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 .63 +(is not set.)2.88 F .63(If nei-)5.63 F .95(ther v)144 506.4 R .95 +(ariable is set,)-.25 F F2(vi)5.116 E F0 .95(is used.)5.116 F .951 +(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and)5.95 F +-.15(exe)144 518.4 S(cuted.).15 E .789(In the second form,)144 542.4 R +F2(command)3.288 E F0 .788(is re-e)3.288 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 +(cuted after each instance of).15 F F2(pat)3.288 E F0 .788 +(is replaced by)3.288 F F2 -.37(re)3.288 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F2(Com-)5.788 +E(mand)144 554.4 Q F0 .346(is intepreted the same as)2.846 F F2<8c72> 2.847 E(st)-.1 E F0(abo)2.847 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.347(.A).15 G .347 -(useful alias to use with this is)-2.5 F F3 .346(r='fc \255s')2.847 F F0 -2.846(,s)C 2.846(ot)-2.846 G(hat)-2.846 E(typing)144 340.8 Q F3 7.165 -(rc)3.665 G(c)-7.165 E F0 1.165(runs the last command be)3.665 F 1.166 -(ginning with)-.15 F F3(cc)3.666 E F0 1.166(and typing)3.666 F F3(r) -3.666 E F0(re-e)3.666 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.166(cutes the last com-).15 F -(mand.)144 352.8 Q .142(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 -376.8 R .142(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142 -(lid option is encountered or).25 F F1<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322 -E F1(last)2.732 E F0 .454(specify history lines out of range.)144 388.8 -R .454(If the)5.454 F F22.954 E F0 .454 -(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .455(alue is the v)-.25 F .455 -(alue of the)-.25 F .788(last command e)144 400.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 -(cuted or f).15 F .787 +(useful alias to use with this is)-2.5 F F4 .347(r='fc \255s')2.847 F F0 +2.847(,s)C 2.847(ot)-2.847 G(hat)-2.847 E(typing)144 566.4 Q F4 7.166 +(rc)3.666 G(c)-7.166 E F0 1.166(runs the last command be)3.666 F 1.166 +(ginning with)-.15 F F4(cc)3.666 E F0 1.165(and typing)3.666 F F4(r) +3.665 E F0(re-e)3.665 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.165(cutes the last com-).15 F +(mand.)144 578.4 Q .142(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 +602.4 R .142(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142 +(lid option is encountered or).25 F F2<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322 +E F2(last)2.732 E F0 .455(specify history lines out of range.)144 614.4 +R .454(If the)5.454 F F12.954 E F0 .454 +(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .454(alue is the v)-.25 F .454 +(alue of the)-.25 F .787(last command e)144 626.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .787 +(cuted or f).15 F .788 (ailure if an error occurs with the temporary \214le of commands.)-.1 F -.787(If the)5.787 F 1.135 +.788(If the)5.788 F 1.136 (second form is used, the return status is that of the command re-e)144 -412.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.136(cuted, unless).15 F F1(cmd)3.836 E F0 1.136 -(does not)4.406 F(specify a v)144 424.8 Q -(alid history line, in which case)-.25 E F2(fc)2.5 E F0(returns f)2.5 E -(ailure.)-.1 E F2(fg)108 441.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume) -144 453.6 Q F1(jobspec)5.654 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.224 F 1.413 +638.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.135(cuted, unless).15 F F2(cmd)3.835 E F0 1.135 +(does not)4.405 F(specify a v)144 650.4 Q +(alid history line, in which case)-.25 E F1(fc)2.5 E F0(returns f)2.5 E +(ailure.)-.1 E F1(fg)108 667.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume) +144 679.2 Q F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.223 F 1.413 (ground, and mak)-.15 F 3.913(ei)-.1 G 3.913(tt)-3.913 G 1.413 -(he current job)-3.913 F 6.413(.I)-.4 G(f)-6.413 E F1(jobspec)5.653 E F0 -1.413(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 465.6 Q 3.116(sn)-.55 G -.616(otion of the)-3.116 F F1(curr)3.116 E .616(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617 -(is used.)3.116 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .617 -(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 477.6 Q -.363(ground, or f)-.15 F .363 -(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .362 -(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F1(jobspec)145.74 489.6 Q -F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job or)-.25 E F1(jobspec)4.24 E F0 +(he current job)-3.913 F 6.413(.I)-.4 G(f)-6.413 E F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0 +1.414(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 691.2 Q 3.117(sn)-.55 G +.617(otion of the)-3.117 F F2(curr)3.117 E .617(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617 +(is used.)3.117 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .616 +(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 703.2 Q +.362(ground, or f)-.15 F .362 +(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .363 +(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F2(jobspec)145.74 715.2 Q +F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job or)-.25 E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0 (speci\214es a job that w)2.81 E(as started without job control.)-.1 E -F2(getopts)108 506.4 Q F1(optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(gs) --.37 E F0(])A F2(getopts)144 518.4 Q F0 .793 -(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.293 F F1 -(optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .15 -(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 530.4 R .149 -(wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .149(xpected to ha)-.15 F .449 --.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 542.4 Q .578 -(gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .579 -(The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E 1.665 -(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 554.4 R 1.665 -(Each time it is in)6.665 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F2(getopts) -4.165 E F0 1.665(places the ne)4.165 F(xt)-.15 E .796 -(option in the shell v)144 566.4 R(ariable)-.25 E F1(name)3.296 E F0 -3.296(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.296 E F1(name)3.657 E F0 .797 -(if it does not e)3.477 F .797(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.297(xo)-.15 G -3.297(ft)-3.297 G .797(he ne)-3.297 F(xt)-.15 E(ar)144 578.4 Q .085 -(gument to be processed into the v)-.18 F(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPTIND)2.585 -E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F4(OPTIND)4.585 E F0 .085 -(is initialized to 1 each time the shell)2.335 F .845 -(or a shell script is in)144 590.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345 -(d. When).1 F .845(an option requires an ar)3.345 F(gument,)-.18 E F2 -(getopts)3.346 E F0 .846(places that ar)3.346 F(gument)-.18 E .804 -(into the v)144 602.4 R(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPT)3.304 E(ARG)-.81 E F5(.)A -F0 .803(The shell does not reset)5.304 F F4(OPTIND)3.303 E F0 .803 -(automatically; it must be manually)3.053 F .293 -(reset between multiple calls to)144 614.4 R F2(getopts)2.793 E F0 .293 -(within the same shell in)2.793 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .293(cation if a ne).2 F -2.793(ws)-.25 G .294(et of parameters)-2.793 F(is to be used.)144 626.4 -Q 2.044(When the end of options is encountered,)144 650.4 R F2(getopts) -4.543 E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.043 -(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F4(OPTIND)144 662.4 Q F0 -(is set to the inde)2.25 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G -(he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F1(name)2.5 E F0 -(is set to ?.)2.5 E F2(getopts)144 686.4 Q F0 2.392 -(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.892 F 2.392 -(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.393(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.893 -(ni).15 G(n)-4.893 E F1(ar)4.893 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E F2(getopts)144 -698.4 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F2(getopts)144 722.4 Q F0 1.166 -(can report errors in tw)3.666 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665(ays. If)-3.765 F -1.165(the \214rst character of)3.665 F F1(optstring)3.895 E F0 1.165 -(is a colon,)3.885 F F1(silent)4.005 E F0(error)4.345 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 -768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(60)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(60)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 61 61 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.07 -(reporting is used.)144 84 R 1.071 -(In normal operation, diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.07 F --.25(va)-.4 G 1.071(lid options or).25 F .394(missing option ar)144 96 R -.394(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F(ariable)-.25 -E/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(OPTERR)2.894 E F0 .394 -(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F(will be displayed, e)144 108 Q --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214rst character of)-2.5 E -/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(optstring)2.73 E F0(is not a colon.)2.72 E .666 -(If an in)144 132 R -.25(va)-.4 G .666(lid option is seen,).25 F/F3 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(getopts)3.166 E F0 .667(places ? into)3.167 F F2(name) -3.527 E F0 .667(and, if not silent, prints an error message)3.347 F .4 -(and unsets)144 144 R F1(OPT)2.9 E(ARG)-.81 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A -F0(If)4.899 E F3(getopts)2.899 E F0 .399 -(is silent, the option character found is placed in)2.899 F F1(OPT)2.899 -E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .399(and no)2.649 F(diagnostic message is printed.)144 -156 Q 1.241(If a required ar)144 180 R 1.241(gument is not found, and) --.18 F F3(getopts)3.741 E F0 1.241(is not silent, a question mark \() -3.741 F F3(?).833 E F0 3.742(\)i).833 G 3.742(sp)-3.742 G 1.242 -(laced in)-3.742 F F2(name)144 192 Q F0(,).18 E F1(OPT)2.735 E(ARG)-.81 -E F0 .234(is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.485 F(If) -5.234 E F3(getopts)2.734 E F0 .234(is silent, then a colon \()2.734 F F3 -(:).833 E F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 204 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(and)2.68 -E F1(OPT)2.5 E(ARG)-.81 E F0(is set to the option character found.)2.25 -E F3(getopts)144 228 Q F0 .902 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(getopts)108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(optstring name)2.5 E F0([) +2.5 E F2(ar)A(gs)-.37 E F0(])A F1(getopts)144 96 Q F0 .793 +(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.294 F F2 +(optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .149 +(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 108 R .15 +(wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .15(xpected to ha)-.15 F .45 +-.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 120 Q .579 +(gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .578 +(The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E 1.665 +(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 132 R 1.665 +(Each time it is in)6.665 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F1(getopts) +4.165 E F0 1.665(places the ne)4.165 F(xt)-.15 E .797 +(option in the shell v)144 144 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(name)3.297 E F0 3.297 +(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.297 E F2(name)3.657 E F0 .797(if it does not e) +3.477 F .796(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.296(xo)-.15 G 3.296(ft)-3.296 G +.796(he ne)-3.296 F(xt)-.15 E(ar)144 156 Q .085 +(gument to be processed into the v)-.18 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(OPTIND)2.585 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F3(OPTIND) +4.585 E F0 .085(is initialized to 1 each time the shell)2.335 F .846 +(or a shell script is in)144 168 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345 +(d. When).1 F .845(an option requires an ar)3.345 F(gument,)-.18 E F1 +(getopts)3.345 E F0 .845(places that ar)3.345 F(gument)-.18 E .803 +(into the v)144 180 R(ariable)-.25 E F3(OPT)3.303 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A F0 +.803(The shell does not reset)5.303 F F3(OPTIND)3.303 E F0 .804 +(automatically; it must be manually)3.054 F .294 +(reset between multiple calls to)144 192 R F1(getopts)2.793 E F0 .293 +(within the same shell in)2.793 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .293(cation if a ne).2 F +2.793(ws)-.25 G .293(et of parameters)-2.793 F(is to be used.)144 204 Q +2.043(When the end of options is encountered,)144 228 R F1(getopts)4.543 +E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.044 +(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F3(OPTIND)144 240 Q F0 +(is set to the inde)2.25 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G +(he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F2(name)2.5 E F0 +(is set to ?.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 264 Q F0 2.393 +(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.893 F 2.392 +(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.392(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.892 +(ni).15 G(n)-4.892 E F2(ar)4.892 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E F1(getopts)144 +276 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 300 Q F0 1.165 +(can report errors in tw)3.665 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665(ays. If)-3.765 F +1.165(the \214rst character of)3.665 F F2(optstring)3.895 E F0 1.166 +(is a colon,)3.886 F F2(silent)4.006 E F0(error)4.346 E 1.071 +(reporting is used.)144 312 R 1.071 +(In normal operation, diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.071 F +-.25(va)-.4 G 1.07(lid options or).25 F .393(missing option ar)144 324 R +.393(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F(ariable)-.25 +E F3(OPTERR)2.894 E F0 .394(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F +(will be displayed, e)144 336 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 +G(he \214rst character of)-2.5 E F2(optstring)2.73 E F0(is not a colon.) +2.72 E .667(If an in)144 360 R -.25(va)-.4 G .667(lid option is seen,) +.25 F F1(getopts)3.167 E F0 .667(places ? into)3.167 F F2(name)3.527 E +F0 .666(and, if not silent, prints an error message)3.347 F .399 +(and unsets)144 372 R F3(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A F0(If)4.899 E F1 +(getopts)2.899 E F0 .399 +(is silent, the option character found is placed in)2.899 F F3(OPT)2.899 +E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .4(and no)2.65 F(diagnostic message is printed.)144 384 +Q 1.242(If a required ar)144 408 R 1.242(gument is not found, and)-.18 F +F1(getopts)3.741 E F0 1.241(is not silent, a question mark \()3.741 F F1 +(?).833 E F0 3.741(\)i).833 G 3.741(sp)-3.741 G 1.241(laced in)-3.741 F +F2(name)144 420 Q F0(,).18 E F3(OPT)2.734 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .234 +(is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.484 F(If)5.234 E F1 +(getopts)2.734 E F0 .235(is silent, then a colon \()2.734 F F1(:).833 E +F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 432 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(and)2.68 E F3(OPT) +2.5 E(ARG)-.81 E F0(is set to the option character found.)2.25 E F1 +(getopts)144 456 Q F0 .902 (returns true if an option, speci\214ed or unspeci\214ed, is found.) -3.401 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .902(alse if the end of)-.1 F -(options is encountered or an error occurs.)144 240 Q F3(hash)108 256.8 -Q F0([)2.5 E F3(\255lr)A F0 2.5(][)C F3-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E -F0 2.5(][)C F3(\255dt)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .858 -(Each time)144 268.8 R F3(hash)3.358 E F0 .858(is in)3.358 F -.2(vo)-.4 +3.402 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .901(alse if the end of)-.1 F +(options is encountered or an error occurs.)144 468 Q F1(hash)108 484.8 +Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lr)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E +F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255dt)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .858 +(Each time)144 496.8 R F1(hash)3.358 E F0 .858(is in)3.358 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .858(d, the full pathname of the command).1 F F2(name) 3.718 E F0 .858(is determined by searching)3.538 F .956 -(the directories in)144 280.8 R F3($P)3.456 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 +(the directories in)144 508.8 R F1($P)3.456 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 .956(and remembered.)3.456 F(An)5.956 E 3.456(yp)-.15 G(re)-3.456 E .956 -(viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .243(If the)144 292.8 -R F32.743 E F0 .243 -(option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.743 F F2 -(\214lename)4.653 E F0 .242(is used as the full \214lename)2.923 F 1.711 -(of the command.)144 304.8 R(The)6.711 E F34.211 E F0 1.711 -(option causes the shell to for)4.211 F 1.712 -(get all remembered locations.)-.18 F(The)6.712 E F34.212 E F0 -.833(option causes the shell to for)144 316.8 R .833 +(viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .242(If the)144 520.8 +R F12.742 E F0 .243 +(option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.742 F F2 +(\214lename)4.653 E F0 .243(is used as the full \214lename)2.923 F 1.712 +(of the command.)144 532.8 R(The)6.712 E F14.212 E F0 1.711 +(option causes the shell to for)4.212 F 1.711 +(get all remembered locations.)-.18 F(The)6.711 E F14.211 E F0 +.833(option causes the shell to for)144 544.8 R .833 (get the remembered location of each)-.18 F F2(name)3.333 E F0 5.833(.I) -C 3.333(ft)-5.833 G(he)-3.333 E F33.333 E F0 .833(option is sup-) -3.333 F .703(plied, the full pathname to which each)144 328.8 R F2(name) -3.204 E F0 .704(corresponds is printed.)3.204 F .704(If multiple)5.704 F -F2(name)3.204 E F0(ar)3.204 E(guments)-.18 E .795(are supplied with)144 -340.8 R F33.295 E F0 3.295(,t)C(he)-3.295 E F2(name)3.295 E F0 -.795(is printed before the hashed full pathname.)3.295 F(The)5.795 E F3 +C 3.333(ft)-5.833 G(he)-3.333 E F13.333 E F0 .833(option is sup-) +3.333 F .704(plied, the full pathname to which each)144 556.8 R F2(name) +3.204 E F0 .703(corresponds is printed.)3.204 F .703(If multiple)5.703 F +F2(name)3.203 E F0(ar)3.203 E(guments)-.18 E .795(are supplied with)144 +568.8 R F13.295 E F0 3.295(,t)C(he)-3.295 E F2(name)3.295 E F0 +.795(is printed before the hashed full pathname.)3.295 F(The)5.795 E F1 3.295 E F0 .795(option causes)3.295 F .934 (output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)144 -352.8 R .934(If no ar)5.934 F .935(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.935(n, or if).15 F(only)144 364.8 Q F32.822 E F0 .322 -(is supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)2.822 F -.321(The return status is true)5.321 F(unless a)144 376.8 Q F2(name)2.86 +580.8 R .934(If no ar)5.934 F .934(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +.934(n, or if).15 F(only)144 592.8 Q F12.821 E F0 .321 +(is supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)2.821 F +.322(The return status is true)5.322 F(unless a)144 604.8 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(is not found or an in)2.68 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is supplied.) -.25 E F3(help)108 393.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F3(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F2 -(pattern)-2.5 E F0(])A .866(Display helpful information about b)144 -405.6 R .867(uiltin commands.)-.2 F(If)5.867 E F2(pattern)4.617 E F0 -.867(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F3(help)3.367 E F0(gi)3.367 E -.15(ve)-.25 -G 3.367(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.367 E .307(help on all commands matching)144 -417.6 R F2(pattern)2.807 E F0 2.807(;o).24 G .307 -(therwise help for all the b)-2.807 F .306 -(uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 429.6 Q F3 -144 441.6 Q F0(Display a short description of each)180 441.6 Q F2 -(pattern)2.5 E F3144 453.6 Q F0(Display the description of each) -180 453.6 Q F2(pattern)2.5 E F0(in a manpage-lik)2.5 E 2.5(ef)-.1 G -(ormat)-2.5 E F3144 465.6 Q F0 -(Display only a short usage synopsis for each)180 465.6 Q F2(pattern)2.5 -E F0(The return status is 0 unless no command matches)144 482.4 Q F2 -(pattern)2.5 E F0(.).24 E F3(history [)108 499.2 Q F2(n)A F3(])A -(history \255c)108 511.2 Q(history \255d)108 523.2 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset) --.18 E F3(history \255anrw)108 535.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\214lename)A F0(])A -F3(history \255p)108 547.2 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5 -(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F3(history \255s)108 559.2 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g) --.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.4(Wi)144 -571.2 S .752 -(th no options, display the command history list with line numbers.).4 F -.752(Lines listed with a)5.752 F F3(*)3.252 E F0(ha)3.252 E -.15(ve)-.2 -G .381(been modi\214ed.)144 583.2 R .38(An ar)5.38 F .38(gument of)-.18 -F F2(n)3.24 E F0 .38(lists only the last)3.12 F F2(n)3.24 E F0 2.88 -(lines. If)3.12 F .38(the shell v)2.88 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(HISTTIMEFOR-) -2.88 E(MA)144 595.2 Q(T)-.855 E F0 .264 -(is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.514 F F2 -(strftime)2.765 E F0 .265(\(3\) to display the time stamp asso-)B 1.02 -(ciated with each displayed history entry)144 607.2 R 6.019(.N)-.65 G -3.519(oi)-6.019 G(nterv)-3.519 E 1.019 -(ening blank is printed between the formatted)-.15 F .176 -(time stamp and the history line.)144 619.2 R(If)5.176 E F2(\214lename) -2.676 E F0 .176 -(is supplied, it is used as the name of the history \214le; if)2.676 F -(not, the v)144 631.2 Q(alue of)-.25 E F1(HISTFILE)2.5 E F0(is used.) -2.25 E(Options, if supplied, ha)5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F3144 643.2 Q F0 -(Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.)180 643.2 Q F3 -144 655.2 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0 -(Delete the history entry at position)180 667.2 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 -E F0(.)A F3144 679.2 Q F0 .599(Append the `)180 679.2 R(`ne)-.74 E -(w')-.25 E 3.099('h)-.74 G .598 -(istory lines \(history lines entered since the be)-3.099 F .598 -(ginning of the current)-.15 F F3(bash)180 691.2 Q F0 -(session\) to the history \214le.)2.5 E F3144 703.2 Q F0 .854(Rea\ -d the history lines not already read from the history \214le into the c\ -urrent history list.)180 703.2 R .773 -(These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 715.2 R -.772(ginning of the current)-.15 F F3(bash)3.272 E F0(ses-)3.272 E -(sion.)180 727.2 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(61) -198.445 E 0 Cg EP +.25 E F1(help)108 621.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F2 +(pattern)-2.5 E F0(])A .867(Display helpful information about b)144 +633.6 R .867(uiltin commands.)-.2 F(If)5.867 E F2(pattern)4.617 E F0 +.866(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F1(help)3.366 E F0(gi)3.366 E -.15(ve)-.25 +G 3.366(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.366 E .306(help on all commands matching)144 +645.6 R F2(pattern)2.806 E F0 2.807(;o).24 G .307 +(therwise help for all the b)-2.807 F .307 +(uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 657.6 Q F1 +144 669.6 Q F0(Display a short description of each)180 669.6 Q F2 +(pattern)2.5 E F1144 681.6 Q F0(Display the description of each) +180 681.6 Q F2(pattern)2.5 E F0(in a manpage-lik)2.5 E 2.5(ef)-.1 G +(ormat)-2.5 E F1144 693.6 Q F0 +(Display only a short usage synopsis for each)180 693.6 Q F2(pattern)2.5 +E F0(The return status is 0 unless no command matches)144 710.4 Q F2 +(pattern)2.5 E F0(.).24 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E +(61)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 62 62 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF144 84 Q F0(Read the contents of the history \214le and append \ -them to the current history list.)180 84 Q F1144 96 Q F0 -(Write the current history list to the history \214le, o)180 96 Q -.15 -(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the history \214le').15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G(ontents.) --2.5 E F1144 108 Q F0 .625 -(Perform history substitution on the follo)180 108 R(wing)-.25 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .626 -(and display the result on the standard)3.125 F 2.975(output. Does)180 -120 R .475(not store the results in the history list.)2.975 F(Each)5.475 -E F2(ar)2.975 E(g)-.37 E F0 .475(must be quoted to disable)2.975 F -(normal history e)180 132 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1144 144 Q F0 .362 -(Store the)180 144 R F2(ar)3.192 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363 -(in the history list as a single entry)3.132 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .363 -(he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 156 Q -.15(ve) +SF(history [)108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F1(])A(history \255c) +108 96 Q(history \255d)108 108 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F1 +(history \255anrw)108 120 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\214lename)A F0(])A F1 +(history \255p)108 132 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5(g.) +-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(history \255s)108 144 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E +F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.4(Wi)144 156 S .752 +(th no options, display the command history list with line numbers.).4 F +.752(Lines listed with a)5.752 F F1(*)3.251 E F0(ha)3.251 E -.15(ve)-.2 +G .38(been modi\214ed.)144 168 R .38(An ar)5.38 F .38(gument of)-.18 F +F2(n)3.24 E F0 .38(lists only the last)3.12 F F2(n)3.24 E F0 2.88 +(lines. If)3.12 F .38(the shell v)2.88 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTTIMEFOR-)2.881 E(MA)144 180 Q(T)-.855 E F0 .265 +(is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.515 F F2 +(strftime)2.764 E F0 .264(\(3\) to display the time stamp asso-)B 1.019 +(ciated with each displayed history entry)144 192 R 6.019(.N)-.65 G +3.519(oi)-6.019 G(nterv)-3.519 E 1.019 +(ening blank is printed between the formatted)-.15 F .176 +(time stamp and the history line.)144 204 R(If)5.176 E F2(\214lename) +2.676 E F0 .176 +(is supplied, it is used as the name of the history \214le; if)2.676 F +(not, the v)144 216 Q(alue of)-.25 E F3(HISTFILE)2.5 E F0(is used.)2.25 +E(Options, if supplied, ha)5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 228 Q F0 +(Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.)180 228 Q F1 +144 240 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0 +(Delete the history entry at position)180 252 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E +F0(.)A F1144 264 Q F0 .598(Append the `)180 264 R(`ne)-.74 E(w') +-.25 E 3.098('h)-.74 G .598 +(istory lines \(history lines entered since the be)-3.098 F .599 +(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)180 276 Q F0 +(session\) to the history \214le.)2.5 E F1144 288 Q F0 .854(Read \ +the history lines not already read from the history \214le into the cur\ +rent history list.)180 288 R .772 +(These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 300 R +.773(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)3.273 E F0(ses-)3.273 E +(sion.)180 312 Q F1144 324 Q F0(Read the contents of the history \ +\214le and append them to the current history list.)180 324 Q F1 +144 336 Q F0(Write the current history list to the history \214le, o)180 +336 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the history \214le').15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G +(ontents.)-2.5 E F1144 348 Q F0 .626 +(Perform history substitution on the follo)180 348 R(wing)-.25 E F2(ar) +3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .625(and display the result on the standard)3.125 F +2.975(output. Does)180 360 R .475 +(not store the results in the history list.)2.975 F(Each)5.475 E F2(ar) +2.975 E(g)-.37 E F0 .475(must be quoted to disable)2.975 F +(normal history e)180 372 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1144 384 Q F0 .363 +(Store the)180 384 R F2(ar)3.193 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363 +(in the history list as a single entry)3.133 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .362 +(he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 396 Q -.15(ve) -.15 G 2.5(db).15 G(efore the)-2.5 E F2(ar)2.83 E(gs)-.37 E F0 -(are added.)2.77 E .146(If the)144 172.8 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.645 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.395 G .145 +(are added.)2.77 E .145(If the)144 412.8 R F3(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.645 E(T) +-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.395 G .145 (riable is set, the time stamp information associated with each history) -.25 F .668(entry is written to the history \214le, mark)144 184.8 R .669 -(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.669(.W)-.55 G .669 -(hen the history)-5.669 F .956(\214le is read, lines be)144 196.8 R .956 -(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F .955 -(wed immediately by a digit)-.25 F .415 -(are interpreted as timestamps for the pre)144 208.8 R .416 -(vious history line.)-.25 F .416(The return v)5.416 F .416 +.25 F .669(entry is written to the history \214le, mark)144 424.8 R .669 +(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.668(.W)-.55 G .668 +(hen the history)-5.668 F .955(\214le is read, lines be)144 436.8 R .956 +(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F .956 +(wed immediately by a digit)-.25 F .416 +(are interpreted as timestamps for the pre)144 448.8 R .416 +(vious history line.)-.25 F .416(The return v)5.416 F .415 (alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .499(option is e\ ncountered, an error occurs while reading or writing the history \214le\ -, an in)144 220.8 R -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(of)2.999 E(fset)-.18 E F0 -(is)2.999 E(supplied as an ar)144 232.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F12.5 E -F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(rt)-2.5 G(he history e)-2.5 E -(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15 E(gument to)-.18 E F12.5 E F0 -.1 -(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(jobs)108 249.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5 -(][)C F2(jobspec)A F0(... ])2.5 E F1(jobs \255x)108 261.6 Q F2(command) -2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E -(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 273.6 Q .3 -.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.5 -(obs. The).15 F(options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 285.6 Q F0 -(List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)180 285.6 Q F1 -144 297.6 Q F0 .193(Display information only about jobs that ha) -180 297.6 R .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .194(hanged status since the user w).15 -F .194(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 309.6 Q F1 -144 321.6 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')180 321.6 Q 2.5(sp) --.55 G(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1144 333.6 Q F0 -(Display only running jobs.)180 333.6 Q F1144 345.6 Q F0 -(Display only stopped jobs.)180 345.6 Q(If)144 362.4 Q F2(jobspec)4.554 -E F0 .314(is gi)3.124 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .314 -(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.313(.T) --.4 G .313(he return status is 0 unless)-5.313 F(an in)144 374.4 Q -.25 +, an in)144 460.8 R -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(of)3 E(fset)-.18 E F0(is) +3 E(supplied as an ar)144 472.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F12.5 E F0 2.5 +(,o)C 2.5(rt)-2.5 G(he history e)-2.5 E(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15 +E(gument to)-.18 E F12.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(jobs)108 +489.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)A F0(... ])2.5 +E F1(jobs \255x)108 501.6 Q F2(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(gs) +-.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 513.6 Q .3 +-.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.5(obs. The).15 F(options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H +(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 525.6 Q F0 +(List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)180 525.6 Q F1 +144 537.6 Q F0 .194(Display information only about jobs that ha) +180 537.6 R .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .193(hanged status since the user w).15 +F .193(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 549.6 Q F1 +144 561.6 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')180 561.6 Q 2.5(sp) +-.55 G(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1144 573.6 Q F0 +(Display only running jobs.)180 573.6 Q F1144 585.6 Q F0 +(Display only stopped jobs.)180 585.6 Q(If)144 602.4 Q F2(jobspec)4.553 +E F0 .313(is gi)3.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313 +(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.314(.T) +-.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(an in)144 614.4 Q -.25 (va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered or an in).25 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 -E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .394(If the)144 391.2 R F1 -2.894 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F1(jobs)2.894 E F0 +E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .395(If the)144 631.2 R F1 +2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F1(jobs)2.894 E F0 .394(replaces an)2.894 F(y)-.15 E F2(jobspec)4.634 E F0 .394(found in) -3.204 F F2(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F2(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .395 -(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 403.2 Q +3.204 F F2(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F2(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .394 +(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 643.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F2(command)2.7 E F0(passing it)3.27 E F2(ar) 2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r).27 G(eturning its e)-2.5 E(xit status.)-.15 E -F1(kill)108 420 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1 +F1(kill)108 660 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1 2.5 E F2(signum)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F12.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0 2.5 (][)C F2(pid)-2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F2(jobspec)2.5 E F0 2.5(].)C(..)-2.5 E F1 -(kill \255l)108 432 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G -(it_status).2 E F0(])A .12(Send the signal named by)144 444 R F2 -(sigspec)2.96 E F0(or)2.93 E F2(signum)2.96 E F0 .119 -(to the processes named by)2.939 F F2(pid)3.869 E F0(or)3.389 E F2 -(jobspec)2.619 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.459 E F0(is)2.929 E .318 -(either a case-insensiti)144 456 R .618 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .318 -(ignal name such as).15 F F3(SIGKILL)2.818 E F0 .319 -(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.819 E F0 .319 -(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.569 F(number;)144 468 Q F2(signum)4.189 E F0 -1.349(is a signal number)4.169 F 6.349(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.349 E F2(sigspec) +(kill \255l)108 672 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G +(it_status).2 E F0(])A .119(Send the signal named by)144 684 R F2 +(sigspec)2.959 E F0(or)2.929 E F2(signum)2.959 E F0 .119 +(to the processes named by)2.939 F F2(pid)3.87 E F0(or)3.39 E F2 +(jobspec)2.62 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.46 E F0(is)2.93 E .319 +(either a case-insensiti)144 696 R .619 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .319 +(ignal name such as).15 F F3(SIGKILL)2.819 E F0 .318 +(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.818 E F0 .318 +(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.568 F(number;)144 708 Q F2(signum)4.188 E F0 +1.349(is a signal number)4.168 F 6.349(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.349 E F2(sigspec) 4.189 E F0 1.349(is not present, then)4.159 F F3(SIGTERM)3.849 E F0 -1.348(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.348 E(ar)144 480 Q .522(gument of)-.18 F +1.349(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.349 E(ar)144 720 Q .523(gument of)-.18 F F13.023 E F0 .523(lists the signal names.)3.023 F .523(If an)5.523 F 3.023(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.023 G .523(uments are supplied when).18 F F13.023 E F0 .523(is gi)3.023 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .523(n, the names) -.15 F .28(of the signals corresponding to the ar)144 492 R .28 -(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.28 E F2 --.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 504 Q .377(gument to)-.18 F F1 -2.877 E F0 .378 -(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)2.877 F .378 -(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .594(nated by a signal.)144 516 R -F1(kill)5.593 E F0 .593(returns true if at least one signal w)3.093 F -.593(as successfully sent, or f)-.1 F .593(alse if an error)-.1 F -(occurs or an in)144 528 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25 -E F1(let)108 544.8 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0 -(...])2.5 E(Each)144 556.8 Q F2(ar)3.026 E(g)-.37 E F0 .196 -(is an arithmetic e)2.916 F .197(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G -.197(luated \(see).25 F F3 .197(ARITHMETIC EV)2.697 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855 -(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo)2.447 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.697(\). If).15 F -(the last)144 568.8 Q F2(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)2.72 G -(luates to 0,).25 E F1(let)2.5 E F0(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.) -2.5 E F1(local)108 585.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name) --2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(.. | \255 ])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 -597.6 S 2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F .06(gument, a local v)-.18 F -.06(ariable named)-.25 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 .06(is created, and assigned) -2.74 F F2(value)2.56 E F0 5.06(.T).18 G(he)-5.06 E F2(option)2.56 E F0 -.06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 609.6 Q 3.152(yo)-.15 G 3.152(ft)-3.152 G .652 -(he options accepted by)-3.152 F F1(declar)3.152 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W) -C(hen)-5.652 E F1(local)3.152 E F0 .653 -(is used within a function, it causes the v)3.152 F(ari-)-.25 E(able)144 -621.6 Q F2(name)3.282 E F0 .422(to ha)3.102 F .722 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H -.422(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F -(If)5.421 E F2(name)2.921 E F0 .421(is \255, the set)2.921 F 1.461 -(of shell options is made local to the function in which)144 633.6 R F1 -(local)3.961 E F0 1.462(is in)3.961 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 1.462 -(d: shell options changed).1 F 1.563(using the)144 645.6 R F1(set)4.063 -E F0 -.2(bu)4.063 G 1.563 -(iltin inside the function are restored to their original v).2 F 1.562 -(alues when the function)-.25 F 3.743(returns. W)144 657.6 R 1.243 -(ith no operands,)-.4 F F1(local)3.743 E F0 1.243 -(writes a list of local v)3.743 F 1.244 -(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.244(It is an)6.244 F .42 -(error to use)144 669.6 R F1(local)2.92 E F0 .42 -(when not within a function.)2.92 F .42(The return status is 0 unless) -5.42 F F1(local)2.92 E F0 .42(is used outside a)2.92 F(function, an in) -144 681.6 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is supplied, or) -2.68 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(logout) -108 698.4 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)144 698.4 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q -(2015 April 6)149.285 E(62)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +.15 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(62)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 63 63 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(map\214le)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1 --2.5 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E -F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5 -(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E -F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A F1 -.18(re) -108 96 S(adarray).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1A F2(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C -F1-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(origin)2.5 E -F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 -2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2 -(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 -2.5(][)C F2(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A .35 -(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 108 R -.15(xe)-.15 -G 2.851(da).15 G .351(rray v)-2.851 F(ariable)-.25 E F2(arr)2.851 E(ay) --.15 E F0 2.851(,o).32 G 2.851(rf)-2.851 G .351(rom \214le descriptor) --2.851 F F2(fd)2.851 E F0 1.249(if the)144 120 R F13.749 E F0 -1.249(option is supplied.)3.749 F 1.249(The v)6.249 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 -9/Times-Bold@0 SF(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 E -F2(arr)3.748 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.248(.O)C 1.248(ptions, if supplied,)-6.248 -F(ha)144 132 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E -F1144 144 Q F0(The \214rst character of)180 144 Q F2(delim)2.5 E -F0(is used to terminate each input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.) --.25 E F1144 156 Q F0(Cop)180 156 Q 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5(tm)-2.5 G -(ost)-2.5 E F2(count)2.7 E F0 2.5(lines. If)3.18 F F2(count)2.5 E F0 -(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F1144 168 Q F0(Be)180 168 Q -(gin assigning to)-.15 E F2(arr)2.83 E(ay)-.15 E F0(at inde)2.82 E(x) --.15 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 5(.T).24 G(he def)-5 E(ault inde)-.1 E 2.5(xi) --.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F1144 180 Q F0(Discard the \214rst) -180 180 Q F2(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F1144 192 Q F0(Remo) -180 192 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing).15 E F2(delim)2.5 E F0(\(def) -2.5 E(ault ne)-.1 E(wline\) from each line read.)-.25 E F1144 204 -Q F0(Read lines from \214le descriptor)180 204 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 -(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F1144 216 Q F0(Ev)180 216 Q -(aluate)-.25 E F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E F2(quantum) -2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F12.5 E F0 -(option speci\214es)2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0(.).32 E F1144 228 Q -F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)180 228 Q F2 -(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 244.8 Q F12.967 E F0 .467 -(is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F12.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467 -(he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F2 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .28 +(of the signals corresponding to the ar)144 84 R .28 +(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.28 E/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 96 Q .378 +(gument to)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF2.878 E F0 .378 +(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)2.878 F .377 +(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .593(nated by a signal.)144 108 R +F2(kill)5.593 E F0 .593(returns true if at least one signal w)3.093 F +.593(as successfully sent, or f)-.1 F .594(alse if an error)-.1 F +(occurs or an in)144 120 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25 +E F2(let)108 136.8 Q F1(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0 +(...])2.5 E(Each)144 148.8 Q F1(ar)3.027 E(g)-.37 E F0 .197 +(is an arithmetic e)2.917 F .197(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G +.196(luated \(see).25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .196(ARITHMETIC EV)2.696 F +(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo)2.446 E -.15(ve)-.15 G +2.696(\). If).15 F(the last)144 160.8 Q F1(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25 +(eva)2.72 G(luates to 0,).25 E F2(let)2.5 E F0 +(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)2.5 E F2(local)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5 +E F1(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C +(.. | \255 ])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 189.6 S 2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F +.06(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06(ariable named)-.25 F F1(name)2.92 E F0 +.06(is created, and assigned)2.74 F F1(value)2.56 E F0 5.06(.T).18 G(he) +-5.06 E F1(option)2.56 E F0 .06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 201.6 Q 3.153(yo) +-.15 G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F2(declar) +3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)C(hen)-5.652 E F2(local)3.152 E F0 .652 +(is used within a function, it causes the v)3.152 F(ari-)-.25 E(able)144 +213.6 Q F1(name)3.281 E F0 .421(to ha)3.101 F .721 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H +.422(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F +(If)5.422 E F1(name)2.922 E F0 .422(is \255, the set)2.922 F 1.461 +(of shell options is made local to the function in which)144 225.6 R F2 +(local)3.961 E F0 1.461(is in)3.961 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 1.461 +(d: shell options changed).1 F 1.562(using the)144 237.6 R F2(set)4.062 +E F0 -.2(bu)4.062 G 1.563 +(iltin inside the function are restored to their original v).2 F 1.563 +(alues when the function)-.25 F 3.744(returns. W)144 249.6 R 1.244 +(ith no operands,)-.4 F F2(local)3.744 E F0 1.244 +(writes a list of local v)3.744 F 1.243 +(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.243(It is an)6.243 F .42 +(error to use)144 261.6 R F2(local)2.92 E F0 .42 +(when not within a function.)2.92 F .42(The return status is 0 unless) +5.42 F F2(local)2.92 E F0 .42(is used outside a)2.92 F(function, an in) +144 273.6 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F1(name)2.86 E F0(is supplied, or) +2.68 E F1(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F2(logout) +108 290.4 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)144 290.4 Q F2(map\214le)108 307.2 Q +F0([)2.5 E F2A F1(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F1(count) +2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 +-2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 +-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E +F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F1(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E +(ay)-.15 E F0(])A F2 -.18(re)108 319.2 S(adarray).18 E F0([)2.5 E F2 +A F1(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5 +(][)C F2-2.5 E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F1 +(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F1 +(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2-2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][) +C F2-2.5 E F1(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 +(])A .351(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 331.2 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G 2.851(da).15 G .351(rray v)-2.851 F(ariable)-.25 E F1 +(arr)2.85 E(ay)-.15 E F0 2.85(,o).32 G 2.85(rf)-2.85 G .35 +(rom \214le descriptor)-2.85 F F1(fd)2.85 E F0 1.248(if the)144 343.2 R +F23.748 E F0 1.248(option is supplied.)3.748 F 1.249(The v)6.249 F +(ariable)-.25 E F3(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 +E F1(arr)3.749 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.249(.O)C 1.249(ptions, if supplied,) +-6.249 F(ha)144 355.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2144 367.2 Q F0(The \214rst character of) +180 367.2 Q F1(delim)2.5 E F0 +(is used to terminate each input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25 +E F2144 379.2 Q F0(Cop)180 379.2 Q 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5(tm)-2.5 G(ost) +-2.5 E F1(count)2.7 E F0 2.5(lines. If)3.18 F F1(count)2.5 E F0 +(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F2144 391.2 Q F0(Be)180 391.2 Q +(gin assigning to)-.15 E F1(arr)2.83 E(ay)-.15 E F0(at inde)2.82 E(x) +-.15 E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 5(.T).24 G(he def)-5 E(ault inde)-.1 E 2.5(xi) +-.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F2144 403.2 Q F0 +(Discard the \214rst)180 403.2 Q F1(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F2 +144 415.2 Q F0(Remo)180 415.2 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing).15 +E F1(delim)2.5 E F0(\(def)2.5 E(ault ne)-.1 E +(wline\) from each line read.)-.25 E F2144 427.2 Q F0 +(Read lines from \214le descriptor)180 427.2 Q F1(fd)2.5 E F0 +(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F2144 439.2 Q F0(Ev)180 +439.2 Q(aluate)-.25 E F1(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E F1 +(quantum)2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F22.5 E F0 +(option speci\214es)2.5 E F1(quantum)2.5 E F0(.).32 E F2144 451.2 +Q F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)180 451.2 Q +F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 468 Q F22.968 E F0 .467 +(is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F22.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467 +(he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F1 (callbac)2.967 E(k)-.2 E F0 .467(is e)2.967 F -.25(va)-.25 G .467 -(luated, it is sup-).25 F .262(plied the inde)144 256.8 R 2.762(xo)-.15 -G 2.762(ft)-2.762 G .262(he ne)-2.762 F .261(xt array element to be ass\ -igned and the line to be assigned to that element)-.15 F .274 -(as additional ar)144 268.8 R(guments.)-.18 E F2(callbac)5.274 E(k)-.2 E -F0 .274(is e)2.774 F -.25(va)-.25 G .274 -(luated after the line is read b).25 F .275 -(ut before the array element is)-.2 F(assigned.)144 280.8 Q -(If not supplied with an e)144 297.6 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F1 -(map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 -(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F1(map\214le)144 314.4 Q F0 1.906 -(returns successfully unless an in)4.406 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.905 -(lid option or option ar).25 F 1.905(gument is supplied,)-.18 F F2(arr) -4.405 E(ay)-.15 E F0(is)4.405 E(in)144 326.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G -(lid or unassignable, or if).25 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 +(luated, it is sup-).25 F .261(plied the inde)144 480 R 2.761(xo)-.15 G +2.761(ft)-2.761 G .261(he ne)-2.761 F .262(xt array element to be assig\ +ned and the line to be assigned to that element)-.15 F .275 +(as additional ar)144 492 R(guments.)-.18 E F1(callbac)5.275 E(k)-.2 E +F0 .275(is e)2.775 F -.25(va)-.25 G .274 +(luated after the line is read b).25 F .274 +(ut before the array element is)-.2 F(assigned.)144 504 Q +(If not supplied with an e)144 520.8 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F2 +(map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F1(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 +(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F2(map\214le)144 537.6 Q F0 1.905 +(returns successfully unless an in)4.405 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.905 +(lid option or option ar).25 F 1.906(gument is supplied,)-.18 F F1(arr) +4.406 E(ay)-.15 E F0(is)4.406 E(in)144 549.6 Q -.25(va)-.4 G +(lid or unassignable, or if).25 E F1(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 (is not an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E -F1(popd)108 343.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -2.5(][)C-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 355.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799 -(se).15 G .299(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.799 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G -.299(th no ar).4 F .299(guments, remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799(st).15 -G .3(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.479(stack, and performs a)144 -367.2 R F1(cd)3.979 E F0 1.479(to the ne)3.979 F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479 -(op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.479 G 1.478 -(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.778 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.478(he follo).15 -F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 379.2 Q F1144 391.2 Q F0 .551 -(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)180 391.2 R .551 +F2(popd)108 566.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 +2.5(][)C-2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 578.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.8(se) +.15 G .3(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.8 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G .299 +(th no ar).4 F .299(guments, remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799(st).15 G +.299(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.478(stack, and performs a)144 +590.4 R F2(cd)3.978 E F0 1.479(to the ne)3.978 F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479 +(op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.479 G 1.479 +(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.779 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.479(he follo).15 +F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 602.4 Q F2144 614.4 Q F0 .551 +(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)180 614.4 R .551 (ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F -(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 403.2 Q F1(+)144 415.2 Q F2(n)A -F0(Remo)180 415.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F2(n)2.64 E +(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 626.4 Q F2(+)144 638.4 Q F1(n)A +F0(Remo)180 638.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F1(n)2.64 E F0 .14(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B .14(wn by)-.25 -F F1(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero.)-2.64 F -.15(Fo)180 -427.2 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF(popd +0)2.5 E F0 +F F2(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero.)-2.64 F -.15(Fo)180 +650.4 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF(popd +0)2.5 E F0 (remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he \214rst directory)-2.5 E(,) --.65 E F4(popd +1)2.5 E F0(the second.)2.5 E F1144 439.2 Q F2(n)A F0 -(Remo)180 439.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.759(st).15 G(he)-3.759 E F2(n)3.759 E -F0 1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.26(wn by) --.25 F F1(dirs)3.76 E F0 3.76(,s)C 1.26(tarting with)-3.76 F 2.5 -(zero. F)180 451.2 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F4(popd -0)2.5 E F0 +-.65 E F4(popd +1)2.5 E F0(the second.)2.5 E F2144 662.4 Q F1(n)A F0 +(Remo)180 662.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.76(st).15 G(he)-3.76 E F1(n)3.76 E F0 +1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.259(wn by) +-.25 F F2(dirs)3.759 E F0 3.759(,s)C 1.259(tarting with)-3.759 F 2.5 +(zero. F)180 674.4 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F4(popd -0)2.5 E F0 (remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65 -E F4(popd -1)2.5 E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .644(If the)144 -468 R F1(popd)3.144 E F0 .644(command is successful, a)3.144 F F1(dirs) -3.143 E F0 .643(is performed as well, and the return status is 0.)3.143 -F F1(popd)5.643 E F0 .415(returns f)144 480 R .415(alse if an in)-.1 F --.25(va)-.4 G .415 -(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.916 -(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-2.916 E .416(xistent direc-)-.15 F -(tory stack entry is speci\214ed, or the directory change f)144 492 Q -(ails.)-.1 E F1(printf)108 508.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F2(var)2.5 E F0 -(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.437 -(Write the formatted)144 520.8 R F2(ar)3.937 E(guments)-.37 E F0 1.437 -(to the standard output under the control of the)3.937 F F2(format)3.936 -E F0 6.436(.T)C(he)-6.436 E F13.936 E F0 .126 -(option causes the output to be assigned to the v)144 532.8 R(ariable) --.25 E F2(var)2.626 E F0 .126(rather than being printed to the standard) -2.626 F(output.)144 544.8 Q(The)144 568.8 Q F2(format)3.018 E F0 .517(i\ -s a character string which contains three types of objects: plain chara\ -cters, which are)3.018 F .704(simply copied to standard output, charact\ -er escape sequences, which are con)144 580.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .704 +E F4(popd -1)2.5 E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .643(If the)144 +691.2 R F2(popd)3.143 E F0 .643(command is successful, a)3.143 F F2 +(dirs)3.143 E F0 .644(is performed as well, and the return status is 0.) +3.143 F F2(popd)5.644 E F0 .416(returns f)144 703.2 R .416 +(alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .415 +(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.915 +(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-2.915 E .415(xistent direc-)-.15 F +(tory stack entry is speci\214ed, or the directory change f)144 715.2 Q +(ails.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(63)199.835 E 0 +Cg EP +%%Page: 64 64 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(printf)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(var)2.5 +E F0(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.436 +(Write the formatted)144 96 R F2(ar)3.936 E(guments)-.37 E F0 1.437 +(to the standard output under the control of the)3.936 F F2(format)3.937 +E F0 6.437(.T)C(he)-6.437 E F13.937 E F0 .126 +(option causes the output to be assigned to the v)144 108 R(ariable)-.25 +E F2(var)2.626 E F0 .126(rather than being printed to the standard)2.626 +F(output.)144 120 Q(The)144 144 Q F2(format)3.017 E F0 .517(is a charac\ +ter string which contains three types of objects: plain characters, whi\ +ch are)3.017 F .704(simply copied to standard output, character escape \ +sequences, which are con)144 156 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .703 (rted and copied to).15 F .036(the standard output, and format speci\ -\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 592.8 R .036 -(xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F2(ar)144 604.8 Q(gument)-.37 E F0 -5.531(.I)C 3.031(na)-5.531 G .531(ddition to the standard)-3.031 F F2 -(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B F1(printf)3.032 -E F0 .532(interprets the follo)3.032 F(w-)-.25 E(ing e)144 616.8 Q -(xtensions:)-.15 E F1(%b)144 628.8 Q F0(causes)180 628.8 Q F1(printf) -5.115 E F0 2.615(to e)5.115 F 2.615 +\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 168 R .037 +(xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F2(ar)144 180 Q(gument)-.37 E F0 +5.532(.I)C 3.032(na)-5.532 G .532(ddition to the standard)-3.032 F F2 +(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B F1(printf)3.031 +E F0 .531(interprets the follo)3.031 F(w-)-.25 E(ing e)144 192 Q +(xtensions:)-.15 E F1(%b)144 204 Q F0(causes)180 204 Q F1(printf)5.115 E +F0 2.615(to e)5.115 F 2.615 (xpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding)-.15 F F2(ar) -5.115 E(gument)-.37 E F0(\(e)180 640.8 Q .608(xcept that)-.15 F F1(\\c) +5.115 E(gument)-.37 E F0(\(e)180 216 Q .608(xcept that)-.15 F F1(\\c) 3.108 E F0 .608(terminates output, backslashes in)3.108 F F1<5c08>3.108 E F0(,)A F1(\\")3.108 E F0 3.108(,a)C(nd)-3.108 E F1(\\?)3.108 E F0 .608 (are not remo)3.108 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .608(d, and octal).15 F(escapes be) -180 652.8 Q(ginning with)-.15 E F1(\\0)2.5 E F0 -(may contain up to four digits\).)2.5 E F1(%q)144 664.8 Q F0(causes)180 -664.8 Q F1(printf)2.51 E F0 .01(to output the corresponding)2.51 F F2 -(ar)2.51 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .01(in a format that can be reused as shell) -2.51 F(input.)180 676.8 Q F1(%\()144 688.8 Q F2(datefmt)A F1(\)T)A F0 -(causes)180 700.8 Q F1(printf)4.403 E F0 1.904 -(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.403 F F2(datefmt) -4.404 E F0 1.904(as a format)4.404 F .381(string for)180 712.8 R F2 +180 228 Q(ginning with)-.15 E F1(\\0)2.5 E F0 +(may contain up to four digits\).)2.5 E F1(%q)144 240 Q F0(causes)180 +240 Q F1(printf)2.51 E F0 .01(to output the corresponding)2.51 F F2(ar) +2.51 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .01(in a format that can be reused as shell)2.51 +F(input.)180 252 Q F1(%\()144 264 Q F2(datefmt)A F1(\)T)A F0(causes)180 +276 Q F1(printf)4.404 E F0 1.904 +(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.404 F F2(datefmt) +4.404 E F0 1.903(as a format)4.404 F .38(string for)180 288 R F2 (strftime)2.881 E F0 2.881(\(3\). The)B(corresponding)2.881 E F2(ar) 2.881 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .381(is an inte)2.881 F .381 -(ger representing the number)-.15 F .457(of seconds since the epoch.)180 -724.8 R -1 -.8(Tw o)5.458 H .458(special ar)3.758 F .458(gument v)-.18 F -.458(alues may be used: -1 represents the)-.25 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q -(2015 April 6)149.285 E(63)198.445 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 64 64 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .848 -(current time, and -2 represents the time the shell w)180 84 R .847 -(as in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.347(d. If).1 F .847(no ar)3.347 -F .847(gument is speci-)-.18 F .354(\214ed, con)180 96 R -.15(ve)-.4 G -.354(rsion beha).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.854(sa).15 G 2.854(si)-2.854 G -2.854(f-)-2.854 G 2.854(1h)-2.854 G .354(ad been gi)-2.854 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.854(n. This).15 F .355(is an e)2.854 F .355 -(xception to the usual)-.15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(printf)2.855 E F0 -(beha)180 108 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E(Ar)144 124.8 Q .464(guments to non-\ -string format speci\214ers are treated as C constants, e)-.18 F .463 -(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F 1.258(minus sign is allo)144 136.8 +(ger representing the number)-.15 F .458(of seconds since the epoch.)180 +300 R -1 -.8(Tw o)5.458 H .458(special ar)3.758 F .458(gument v)-.18 F +.458(alues may be used: -1 represents the)-.25 F .847 +(current time, and -2 represents the time the shell w)180 312 R .847 +(as in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.348(d. If).1 F .848(no ar)3.348 +F .848(gument is speci-)-.18 F .355(\214ed, con)180 324 R -.15(ve)-.4 G +.355(rsion beha).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.855(sa).15 G 2.855(si)-2.855 G +2.855(f-)-2.855 G 2.855(1h)-2.855 G .354(ad been gi)-2.855 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G 2.854(n. This).15 F .354(is an e)2.854 F .354 +(xception to the usual)-.15 F F1(printf)2.854 E F0(beha)180 336 Q(vior) +-.2 E(.)-.55 E(Ar)144 352.8 Q .463(guments to non-string format speci\ +\214ers are treated as C constants, e)-.18 F .464 +(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F 1.259(minus sign is allo)144 364.8 R 1.259 (wed, and if the leading character is a single or double quote, the v) --.25 F 1.259(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 148.8 Q(alue of the follo) --.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 165.6 Q/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(format)3.424 E F0 .923 -(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.424 F F2(ar)3.423 E -(guments)-.37 E F0 5.923(.I)C 3.423(ft)-5.923 G(he)-3.423 E F2(format) -3.423 E F0 .923(requires more)3.423 F F2(ar)144 177.6 Q(guments)-.37 E -F0 .033(than are supplied, the e)2.533 F .033 +-.25 F 1.258(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 376.8 Q(alue of the follo) +-.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 393.6 Q F2(format)3.423 E +F0 .923(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.423 F F2(ar)3.423 +E(guments)-.37 E F0 5.923(.I)C 3.423(ft)-5.923 G(he)-3.423 E F2(format) +3.423 E F0 .924(requires more)3.424 F F2(ar)144 405.6 Q(guments)-.37 E +F0 .033(than are supplied, the e)2.534 F .033 (xtra format speci\214cations beha)-.15 F .333 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.533(si) -.15 G 2.533(faz)-2.533 G .033(ero v)-2.533 F .034(alue or null string,) --.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 189.6 Q(The return v)5 E +.15 G 2.533(faz)-2.533 G .033(ero v)-2.533 F .033(alue or null string,) +-.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 417.6 Q(The return v)5 E (alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E F1(pushd) -108 206.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C --2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A F1(pushd)108 218.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 -2.5(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .64(Adds a directory to the top of the di\ -rectory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 230.4 R 3.139(wt) --.25 G .639(op of the)-3.139 F 1.315(stack the current w)144 242.4 R -1.315(orking directory)-.1 F 6.315(.W)-.65 G 1.315(ith no ar)-6.715 F -1.315(guments, e)-.18 F 1.316(xchanges the top tw)-.15 F 3.816(od)-.1 G -1.316(irectories and)-3.816 F .872 -(returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 254.4 R 5.871(.A) --.65 G -.18(rg)-5.871 G .871(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.171 -.15 -(ve t)-.2 H .871(he follo).15 F .871(wing mean-)-.25 F(ings:)144 266.4 Q -F1144 278.4 Q F0 .902(Suppresses the normal change of directory w\ -hen adding directories to the stack, so that)180 278.4 R -(only the stack is manipulated.)180 290.4 Q F1(+)144 302.4 Q F2(n)A F0 -1.268(Rotates the stack so that the)180 302.4 R F2(n)3.768 E F0 1.267 -(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.267(wn by) --.25 F F1(dirs)180 314.4 Q F0 2.5(,s)C -(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F1144 326.4 Q F2(n)A F0 -.92(Rotates the stack so that the)180 326.4 R F2(n)3.42 E F0 .92 +108 434.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C +-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A F1(pushd)108 446.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 +2.5(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the d\ +irectory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 458.4 R 3.14(wt) +-.25 G .64(op of the)-3.14 F 1.316(stack the current w)144 470.4 R 1.316 +(orking directory)-.1 F 6.316(.W)-.65 G 1.315(ith no ar)-6.716 F 1.315 +(guments, e)-.18 F 1.315(xchanges the top tw)-.15 F 3.815(od)-.1 G 1.315 +(irectories and)-3.815 F .871 +(returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 482.4 R 5.871(.A) +-.65 G -.18(rg)-5.871 G .872(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.172 -.15 +(ve t)-.2 H .872(he follo).15 F .872(wing mean-)-.25 F(ings:)144 494.4 Q +F1144 506.4 Q F0 .902(Suppresses the normal change of directory w\ +hen adding directories to the stack, so that)180 506.4 R +(only the stack is manipulated.)180 518.4 Q F1(+)144 530.4 Q F2(n)A F0 +1.267(Rotates the stack so that the)180 530.4 R F2(n)3.767 E F0 1.268 +(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.268(wn by) +-.25 F F1(dirs)180 542.4 Q F0 2.5(,s)C +(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F1144 554.4 Q F2(n)A F0 +.92(Rotates the stack so that the)180 554.4 R F2(n)3.42 E F0 .92 (th directory \(counting from the right of the list sho)B .92(wn by)-.25 -F F1(dirs)180 338.4 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.) --2.5 E F2(dir)144.35 350.4 Q F0(Adds)180 350.4 Q F2(dir)3.138 E F0 .288 -(to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.518 F 2.787(wc) --.25 G .287(urrent w)-2.787 F .287(orking directory as)-.1 F -(if it had been supplied as the ar)180 362.4 Q(gument to the)-.18 E F1 -(cd)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .488(If the)144 379.2 R F1(pushd) -2.988 E F0 .488(command is successful, a)2.988 F F1(dirs)2.988 E F0 .488 -(is performed as well.)2.988 F .489(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F -F1(pushd)2.989 E F0 1.04(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 391.2 R F2(dir) -3.89 E F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G 3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,)-.4 -F F1(pushd)3.539 E F0 1.039(returns 0 unless the directory)3.539 F .846 -(stack is empty)144 403.2 R 3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent\ +F F1(dirs)180 566.4 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.) +-2.5 E F2(dir)144.35 578.4 Q F0(Adds)180 578.4 Q F2(dir)3.137 E F0 .287 +(to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.517 F 2.788(wc) +-.25 G .288(urrent w)-2.788 F .288(orking directory as)-.1 F +(if it had been supplied as the ar)180 590.4 Q(gument to the)-.18 E F1 +(cd)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .489(If the)144 607.2 R F1(pushd) +2.989 E F0 .489(command is successful, a)2.989 F F1(dirs)2.988 E F0 .488 +(is performed as well.)2.988 F .488(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F +F1(pushd)2.988 E F0 1.039(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 619.2 R F2(dir) +3.889 E F0 -.1(fa)4.269 G 3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,) +-.4 F F1(pushd)3.54 E F0 1.04(returns 0 unless the directory)3.54 F .847 +(stack is empty)144 631.2 R 3.347(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.347 E .847(xistent\ directory stack element is speci\214ed, or the directory change to the) --.15 F(speci\214ed ne)144 415.2 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 -E(ails.)-.1 E F1(pwd)108 432 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255LP)A F0(])A .845 -(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 444 R .845 -(orking directory)-.1 F 5.844(.T)-.65 G .844 -(he pathname printed contains no)-5.844 F .181(symbolic links if the)144 -456 R F12.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1 .181 +-.15 F(speci\214ed ne)144 643.2 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 +E(ails.)-.1 E F1(pwd)108 660 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255LP)A F0(])A .844 +(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 672 R .845 +(orking directory)-.1 F 5.845(.T)-.65 G .845 +(he pathname printed contains no)-5.845 F .182(symbolic links if the)144 +684 R F12.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1 .181 (\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F1(set) -2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264(enabled. If) -144 468 R(the)3.264 E F13.264 E F0 .763 -(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.264 -F .763(The return)5.763 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ - reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 480 R -.25(va) --.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 492 Q F1 -.18(re)108 508.8 S(ad) -.18 E F0([)3.817 E F1(\255ers)A F0 3.817(][)C F1-3.817 E F2(aname) -3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F1-3.817 E F2(delim)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F1 --3.817 E F2(te)3.817 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.817(][)C F1-3.817 E F2 -(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F1-3.816 E F2(nc) -3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F1-3.816 E F2(pr)3.816 E -(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.816(][)C F1-3.816 E F2(timeout)3.816 E F0 3.816 -(][)C F1-3.816 E F2(fd)3.816 E F0(])A([)108 520.8 Q F2(name)A F0 -(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the standard input, or from the \ -\214le descriptor)144 532.8 R F2(fd)3.016 E F0 .516(supplied as an ar) -3.016 F .517(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 544.8 Q F12.539 E F0 .039 -(option, and the \214rst w)2.539 F .038(ord is assigned to the \214rst) --.1 F F2(name)2.538 E F0 2.538(,t).18 G .038(he second w)-2.538 F .038 -(ord to the second)-.1 F F2(name)2.538 E F0(,).18 E .42 -(and so on, with lefto)144 556.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw).15 G .42 -(ords and their interv)-3.02 F .42 -(ening separators assigned to the last)-.15 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 5.42(.I) -.18 G 2.92(ft)-5.42 G(here)-2.92 E .541(are fe)144 568.8 R .541(wer w) --.25 F .541(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining n\ -ames are assigned empty)-.1 F -.25(va)144 580.8 S 3.357(lues. The).25 F -.857(characters in)3.357 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.357 E F0 .857 -(are used to split the line into w)3.107 F .857 -(ords using the same rules the shell)-.1 F .754(uses for e)144 592.8 R -.753(xpansion \(described abo)-.15 F 1.053 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E -F1 -.75(Wo)3.253 G .753(rd Splitting).75 F F0 3.253(\). The)B .753 -(backslash character \()3.253 F F1(\\)A F0 3.253(\)m)C .753(ay be)-3.253 -F .075(used to remo)144 604.8 R .375 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .375 -.15(ny s).15 -H .075(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .076 -(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F(Options,)5.076 E -(if supplied, ha)144 616.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 628.8 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w) -180 640.8 R 1.049 -(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable) --.25 E F2(aname)3.549 E F0 3.549(,s).18 G 1.049(tarting at 0.)-3.549 F -F2(aname)180.33 652.8 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 --.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0 -(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1144 664.8 Q F2(delim)2.5 E -F0(The \214rst character of)180 676.8 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0 -(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25 E -F1144 688.8 Q F0 .372 -(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)180 688.8 R F1 -.18 -(re)2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo) -2.623 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E -.218(to obtain the line.)180 700.8 R .218 -(Readline uses the current \(or def)5.218 F .218 -(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F(viously)-.25 E -(acti)180 712.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings.)-2.5 E -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(64)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .181(iltin command is).2 F 3.263(enabled. If) +144 696 R(the)3.263 E F13.263 E F0 .763 +(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.263 +F .764(The return)5.764 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ + reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 708 R -.25(va) +-.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 720 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q +(2015 June 5)150.675 E(64)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 65 65 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0(If)180 84 -Q F1 -.18(re)2.715 G(adline).18 E F0 .216 -(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F2(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216 -(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .216(fer before edit-) --.25 F(ing be)180 96 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1144 108 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har) --.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 120 S(ad).18 E F0 1.395 -(returns after reading)3.895 F F2(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.395 -(characters rather than w)3.895 F 1.394(aiting for a complete line of) --.1 F(input, b)180 132 Q(ut honors a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 +SF -.18(re)108 84 S(ad).18 E F0([)3.816 E F1(\255ers)A F0 3.816(][)C F1 +-3.816 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(aname)3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F1 +-3.816 E F2(delim)3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F1-3.816 E F2(te) +3.816 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.816(][)C F1-3.816 E F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E +(s)-.1 E F0 3.817(][)C F1-3.817 E F2(nc)3.817 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E +F0 3.817(][)C F1-3.817 E F2(pr)3.817 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.817(][)C +F1-3.817 E F2(timeout)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F1-3.817 E F2 +(fd)3.817 E F0(])A([)108 96 Q F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is \ +read from the standard input, or from the \214le descriptor)144 108 R F2 +(fd)3.016 E F0 .516(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .516(gument to)-.18 F(the) +144 120 Q F12.538 E F0 .038(option, and the \214rst w)2.538 F .038 +(ord is assigned to the \214rst)-.1 F F2(name)2.539 E F0 2.539(,t).18 G +.039(he second w)-2.539 F .039(ord to the second)-.1 F F2(name)2.539 E +F0(,).18 E .42(and so on, with lefto)144 132 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw) +.15 G .42(ords and their interv)-3.02 F .42 +(ening separators assigned to the last)-.15 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 5.42(.I) +.18 G 2.92(ft)-5.42 G(here)-2.92 E .54(are fe)144 144 R .54(wer w)-.25 F +.541(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining names ar\ +e assigned empty)-.1 F -.25(va)144 156 S 3.357(lues. The).25 F .857 +(characters in)3.357 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.357 E F0 .857 +(are used to split the line into w)3.107 F .857 +(ords using the same rules the shell)-.1 F .753(uses for e)144 168 R +.753(xpansion \(described abo)-.15 F 1.053 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E +F1 -.75(Wo)3.253 G .753(rd Splitting).75 F F0 3.253(\). The)B .753 +(backslash character \()3.253 F F1(\\)A F0 3.253(\)m)C .754(ay be)-3.253 +F .076(used to remo)144 180 R .376 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .376 -.15(ny s).15 H +.075(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .075 +(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F(Options,)5.075 E +(if supplied, ha)144 192 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 204 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.049(The w) +180 216 R 1.049(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v) +-.1 F(ariable)-.25 E F2(aname)3.55 E F0 3.55(,s).18 G 1.05 +(tarting at 0.)-3.55 F F2(aname)180.33 228 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 +E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 -.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E +F2(name)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1144 240 Q +F2(delim)2.5 E F0(The \214rst character of)180 252 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0 +(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25 E +F1144 264 Q F0 .373 +(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)180 264 R F1 -.18(re) +2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.872 E F0(abo)2.622 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.872(\)i).15 G 2.872(su)-2.872 G(sed)-2.872 E .218 +(to obtain the line.)180 276 R .218(Readline uses the current \(or def) +5.218 F .218(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F +(viously)-.25 E(acti)180 288 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G +(diting settings.)-2.5 E F1144 300 Q F2(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0(If) +180 300 Q F1 -.18(re)2.716 G(adline).18 E F0 .216 +(is being used to read the line,)2.716 F F2(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216 +(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .215(fer before edit-) +-.25 F(ing be)180 312 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1144 324 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har) +-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 336 S(ad).18 E F0 1.394 +(returns after reading)3.894 F F2(nc)3.894 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.395 +(characters rather than w)3.894 F 1.395(aiting for a complete line of) +-.1 F(input, b)180 348 Q(ut honors a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 -(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1144 144 -Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 156 S(ad).18 E F0 1.269 -(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc)3.769 E(har)-.15 E -(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F 1.27 -(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275 -(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 168 R F1 -.18(re)2.775 -G(ad).18 E F0 .274(times out.)2.774 F .274(Delimiter characters encoun-) -5.274 F 1.002 -(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 180 R -F1 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F2(nc)3.503 -E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .609(characters are read.)180 192 R .608 -(The result is not split on the characters in)5.609 F F1(IFS)3.108 E F0 -3.108(;t)C .608(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 204 S .669 +(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1144 360 +Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 372 S(ad).18 E F0 1.269 +(returns after reading e)3.77 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc)3.769 E(har)-.15 E +(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F 1.269 +(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .274 +(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 384 R F1 -.18(re)2.775 +G(ad).18 E F0 .275(times out.)2.775 F .275(Delimiter characters encoun-) +5.275 F 1.003 +(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 396 R +F1 -.18(re)3.502 G(ad).18 E F0 1.002(to return until)3.502 F F2(nc)3.502 +E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .608(characters are read.)180 408 R .608 +(The result is not split on the characters in)5.608 F F1(IFS)3.108 E F0 +3.108(;t)C .609(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 420 S .67 (riable is assigned e).25 F .669 -(xactly the characters read \(with the e)-.15 F .67 -(xception of backslash; see the)-.15 F F1180 216 Q F0(option belo) -2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1144 228 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display) -180 240 Q F2(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.661 F +(xactly the characters read \(with the e)-.15 F .669 +(xception of backslash; see the)-.15 F F1180 432 Q F0(option belo) +2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1144 444 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display) +180 456 Q F2(pr)3.66 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.66 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161 -(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 252 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5 +(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 468 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5 (nput. The)-2.5 F (prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1 -144 264 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character) -180 264 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of) --5.543 F(the line.)180 276 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G +144 480 Q F0 .544(Backslash does not act as an escape character) +180 480 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .543(he backslash is considered to be part of) +-5.543 F(the line.)180 492 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G (ackslash-ne)-2.5 E(wline pair may not be used as a line continuation.) --.25 E F1144 288 Q F0(Silent mode.)180 288 Q +-.25 E F1144 504 Q F0(Silent mode.)180 504 Q (If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1 -144 300 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 312 Q F1 -.18(re)2.929 G -(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.929 F .428 -(ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .56 -(ber of characters\) is not read within)180 324 R F2(timeout)3.061 E F0 -(seconds.)3.061 E F2(timeout)5.561 E F0 .561(may be a decimal number) -3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 336 Q +144 516 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 528 Q F1 -.18(re)2.928 G +(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.928 F .428 +(ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .561 +(ber of characters\) is not read within)180 540 R F2(timeout)3.061 E F0 +(seconds.)3.061 E F2(timeout)5.561 E F0 .56(may be a decimal number) +3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 552 Q (wing the decimal point.)-.25 E(This option is only ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 .506(is readin\ g input from a terminal, pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 -348 R .506(fect when reading)-.25 F .59(from re)180 360 R .59 -(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.59 E F1 -.18(re)3.09 G(ad).18 E F0 .589 -(times out,)3.09 F F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve)-.2 -G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .589 -(artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 372 S(riable) +564 R .505(fect when reading)-.25 F .589(from re)180 576 R .589 +(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.589 E F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0 .589 +(times out,)3.089 F F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve) +-.2 G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .59 +(artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 588 S(riable) .25 E F2(name)2.77 E F0 5.27(.I)C(f)-5.27 E F2(timeout)2.77 E F0 .27 (is 0,)2.77 F F1 -.18(re)2.77 G(ad).18 E F0 .27(returns immediately)2.77 F 2.77(,w)-.65 G .27(ithout trying to read an)-2.77 F 2.77(yd)-.15 G -(ata.)-2.77 E 1.12(The e)180 384 R 1.12(xit status is 0 if input is a) +(ata.)-2.77 E 1.12(The e)180 600 R 1.12(xit status is 0 if input is a) -.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.12(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor) .25 F 3.62(,n)-.4 G 1.12(on-zero other)-3.62 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. The)180 -396 R -.15(ex)2.5 G(it status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e) -.15 E(xceeded.)-.15 E F1144 408 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 -(Read input from \214le descriptor)180 408 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .191 -(If no)144 424.8 R F2(names)3.051 E F0 .191 -(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.961 F(ariable)-.25 E -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REPL)2.692 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A -F0 .192(The return code is zero,)4.692 F 1.344 -(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 436.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.844 G(ad) -.18 E F0 1.343 -(times out \(in which case the return code is greater than)3.844 F .871 -(128\), a v)144 448.8 R .871 -(ariable assignment error \(such as assigning to a readonly v)-.25 F -.872(ariable\) occurs, or an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E -(\214le descriptor is supplied as the ar)144 460.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1 -2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 477.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1 -(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A -F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 489.6 R -.15(ve) --.25 G(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77 -(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0 -.77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096(quent assignment.)144 -501.6 R 1.096(If the)6.096 F F13.596 E F0 1.097 -(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F2 -(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 513.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) --.1 F F13.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834 -(ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the) --3.334 F F13.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-) --.25 E .776(ables to associati)144 525.6 R 1.076 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.276 -(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.276 F F13.277 E -F0(tak)3.277 E .777(es precedence.)-.1 F .777(If no)5.777 F F2(name) -3.637 E F0(ar)3.457 E(gu-)-.18 E .522(ments are gi)144 537.6 R -.15(ve) --.25 G .521(n, or if the).15 F F13.021 E F0 .521 -(option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.021 F -.521(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \ -to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 549.6 R(The)5.296 E F1 -2.796 E F0(option)2.796 E .786 -(causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.) -144 561.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .785(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144 -573.6 Q .717(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v) --3.218 F .718(alue of the v)-.25 F .718(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor) -3.218 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.718(.T)C .718(he return status is 0 unless an in) --5.718 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .26(option is encountered, one of the) -144 585.6 R F2(names)3.12 E F0 .26(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v) --.25 F .26(ariable name, or)-.25 F F12.76 E F0 .26 -(is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 597.6 Q F0 -(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 614.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 -E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .02(Causes a function to stop e)144 626.4 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuting and return the v).15 F .021 -(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.881 E F0 .021(to its caller)2.761 F -5.021(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.021 E F2(n)2.881 E F0 .021(is omitted,)2.761 F .597 -(the return status is that of the last command e)144 638.4 R -.15(xe) --.15 G .596(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.596(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.596 E -F1 -.18(re)3.096 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .596(is e)3.096 F -.15(xe)-.15 -G(cuted).15 E 1.238(by a trap handler)144 650.4 R 3.738(,t)-.4 G 1.238 -(he last command used to determine the status is the last command e) --3.738 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 1.067(before the trap handler)144 -662.4 R 6.067(.i)-.55 G(f)-6.067 E F1 -.18(re)3.567 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E -F0 1.067(is e)3.567 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.067(cuted during a).15 F F1(DEB) -3.567 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.067(trap, the last command used to)3.567 F .389 -(determine the status is the last command e)144 674.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -.389(cuted by the trap handler before).15 F F1 -.18(re)2.89 G(tur).18 E -(n)-.15 E F0 -.1(wa)2.89 G 2.89(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-2.89 H -.1(ke).4 -G(d.).1 E(If)144 686.4 Q F1 -.18(re)2.584 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .084 -(is used outside a function, b)2.584 F .084(ut during e)-.2 F -.15(xe) --.15 G .084(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)2.584 E F0(\()5.084 E -F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 2.583(\)c)C .083(ommand, it)-2.583 F .588 -(causes the shell to stop e)144 698.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .588 -(cuting that script and return either).15 F F2(n)3.448 E F0 .589 -(or the e)3.329 F .589(xit status of the last com-)-.15 F .326(mand e) -144 710.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .326(cuted within the script as the e).15 F -.326(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.326 E F2(n)2.826 E F0 .325 -(is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .325(alue is)-.25 F 2.035 -(its least signi\214cant 8 bits.)144 722.4 R 2.035 -(The return status is non-zero if)7.035 F F1 -.18(re)4.536 G(tur).18 E -(n)-.15 E F0 2.036(is supplied a non-numeric)4.536 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 -Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(65)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +612 R -.15(ex)2.5 G(it status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e) +.15 E(xceeded.)-.15 E F1144 624 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 +(Read input from \214le descriptor)180 624 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .477 +(If no)144 640.8 R F2(names)3.337 E F0 .477 +(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)3.247 F(ariable)-.25 E +F3(REPL)2.976 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .476(The e)4.976 +F .476(xit status is zero,)-.15 F .772 +(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 652.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.272 G(ad) +.18 E F0 .773 +(times out \(in which case the status is greater than 128\), a)3.272 F +-.25(va)144 664.8 S 2.004 +(riable assignment error \(such as assigning to a readonly v).25 F 2.004 +(ariable\) occurs, or an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 2.004(lid \214le).25 F +(descriptor is supplied as the ar)144 676.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1 +2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 693.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAf)A +F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A +(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 705.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G +(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v) +-.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77 +(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097(quent assignment.)144 717.6 R +1.097(If the)6.097 F F13.597 E F0 1.097 +(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F2 +(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 729.6 Q 4.902(ed. The) +-.1 F F14.902 E F0 2.403(option restricts the v)4.903 F 2.403 +(ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.903(da).15 G 2.403(rrays; the) +-4.903 F F14.903 E F0 2.403(option restricts the)4.903 F +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(65)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 66 66 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(ar)144 84 Q .706 -(gument, or is used outside a function and not during e)-.18 F -.15(xe) --.15 G .705(cution of a script by).15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(.)3.205 E -F0(or)4.038 E F1(sour)3.205 E(ce)-.18 E F0 5.705(.A)C -.15(ny)-5.705 G -.365(command associated with the)144 96 R F1(RETURN)2.865 E F0 .365 -(trap is e)2.865 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .365(cuted before e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 -G .366(cution resumes after the func-).15 F(tion or script.)144 108 Q F1 -(set)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C -F1-2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C -F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E F1(set)108 136.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E -F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 148.8 S .836 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -.25(va)144 84 S +1.413(riables to associati).25 F 1.712 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.912(rrays. If) +.15 F 1.412(both options are supplied,)3.912 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +3.912 E F0(tak)3.912 E 1.412(es precedence.)-.1 F 1.412(If no) +6.412 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)4.272 E F0(ar)144 96 Q .853 +(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .853(n, or if the).15 F F1 +3.353 E F0 .853 +(option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.353 F +(The)5.854 E .559(other options may be used to restrict the output to a\ + subset of the set of readonly names.)144 108 R(The)5.559 E F1 +3.058 E F0 .2(option causes output to be displayed in a format that may\ + be reused as input.)144 120 R .201(If a v)5.201 F .201(ariable name is) +-.25 F(follo)144 132 Q .134(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.634 +(,t)C .133(he v)-2.634 F .133(alue of the v)-.25 F .133 +(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)2.633 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.133(.T)C .133 +(he return status is 0 unless an in)-5.133 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .26 +(option is encountered, one of the)144 144 R F2(names)3.12 E F0 .26 +(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v)-.25 F .26(ariable name, or)-.25 F +F12.76 E F0 .26(is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 156 Q F0 +(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 172.8 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 +E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .021(Causes a function to stop e)144 184.8 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .021(cuting and return the v).15 F .021 +(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(to its caller)2.76 F 5.02 +(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(is omitted,)2.76 F .596 +(the return status is that of the last command e)144 196.8 R -.15(xe) +-.15 G .597(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.597(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.597 E +F1 -.18(re)3.097 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .597(is e)3.097 F -.15(xe)-.15 +G(cuted).15 E 1.239(by a trap handler)144 208.8 R 3.738(,t)-.4 G 1.238 +(he last command used to determine the status is the last command e) +-3.738 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 1.066(before the trap handler)144 +220.8 R 6.067(.i)-.55 G(f)-6.067 E F1 -.18(re)3.567 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E +F0 1.067(is e)3.567 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.067(cuted during a).15 F F1(DEB) +3.567 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.067(trap, the last command used to)3.567 F .39 +(determine the status is the last command e)144 232.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +.389(cuted by the trap handler before).15 F F1 -.18(re)2.889 G(tur).18 E +(n)-.15 E F0 -.1(wa)2.889 G 2.889(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-2.889 H -.1(ke) +.4 G(d.).1 E(If)144 244.8 Q F1 -.18(re)2.583 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 +.084(is used outside a function, b)2.583 F .084(ut during e)-.2 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .084(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)2.584 E F0(\()5.084 +E F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 2.584(\)c)C .084(ommand, it)-2.584 F .589 +(causes the shell to stop e)144 256.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .589 +(cuting that script and return either).15 F F2(n)3.448 E F0 .588 +(or the e)3.328 F .588(xit status of the last com-)-.15 F .325(mand e) +144 268.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .325(cuted within the script as the e).15 F +.326(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.326 E F2(n)2.826 E F0 .326 +(is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .326(alue is)-.25 F .445 +(its least signi\214cant 8 bits.)144 280.8 R .444 +(The return status is non-zero if)5.445 F F1 -.18(re)2.944 G(tur).18 E +(n)-.15 E F0 .444(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.944 F(gu-)-.18 E .381 +(ment, or is used outside a function and not during e)144 292.8 R -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .381(cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.881 E F0(or)3.714 E +F1(sour)2.881 E(ce)-.18 E F0 5.381(.A)C .681 -.15(ny c)-5.381 H(om-).15 +E .75(mand associated with the)144 304.8 R F1(RETURN)3.249 E F0 .749 +(trap is e)3.249 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .749(cuted before e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 +G .749(cution resumes after the function).15 F(or script.)144 316.8 Q F1 +(set)108 333.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C +F1-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E +F0(...])2.5 E F1(set)108 345.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 +2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E +(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 357.6 S .835 (thout options, the name and v).4 F .835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F -.835(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784 -(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 160.8 -R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .784 -(riables cannot be).25 F 2.912(reset. In)144 172.8 R F2(posix)2.912 E F0 +.836(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784 +(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 369.6 +R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .783 +(riables cannot be).25 F 2.911(reset. In)144 381.6 R F2(posix)2.911 E F0 .412(mode, only shell v)2.912 F .412(ariables are listed.)-.25 F .412 -(The output is sorted according to the current)5.412 F 3.53 -(locale. When)144 184.8 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.53 F -3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.531(utes. An) --.2 F 3.531(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.531 G 1.031(uments remaining).18 F -1.624(after option processing are treated as v)144 196.8 R 1.623 +(The output is sorted according to the current)5.412 F 3.531 +(locale. When)144 393.6 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.531 F +3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.53(utes. An) +-.2 F 3.53(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.53 G 1.03(uments remaining).18 F 1.623 +(after option processing are treated as v)144 405.6 R 1.624 (alues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in)-.25 F(order) -144 208.8 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F1($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($2)2.5 E F0(,)A +144 417.6 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F1($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($2)2.5 E F0(,)A F1 2.5(... $)2.5 F F2(n)A F0 5(.O)C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha)-5 E .3 --.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 220.8 Q -F0 1.377(Each v)184 220.8 R 1.377 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 429.6 Q +F0 1.378(Each v)184 429.6 R 1.377 (ariable or function that is created or modi\214ed is gi)-.25 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 3.877(nt).15 G 1.377(he e)-3.877 F 1.378(xport attrib)-.15 F -1.378(ute and)-.2 F(mark)184 232.8 Q(ed for e)-.1 E(xport to the en)-.15 -E(vironment of subsequent commands.)-.4 E F1144 244.8 Q F0 .132 -(Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)184 244.8 R -2.632(,r)-.65 G .131(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E -(primary prompt.)184 256.8 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o) --.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1144 268.8 Q F0 -.087(Exit immediately if a)184 268.8 R F2(pipeline)2.587 E F0 .087 -(\(which may consist of a single)2.587 F F2 .088(simple command)2.588 F -F0 .088(\), a)B F2(list)2.588 E F0 2.588(,o)C(r)-2.588 E(a)184 280.8 Q -F2 1.521(compound command)4.021 F F0(\(see)4.021 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +-.25 G 3.877(nt).15 G 1.377(he e)-3.877 F 1.377(xport attrib)-.15 F +1.377(ute and)-.2 F(mark)184 441.6 Q(ed for e)-.1 E(xport to the en)-.15 +E(vironment of subsequent commands.)-.4 E F1144 453.6 Q F0 .131 +(Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)184 453.6 R +2.632(,r)-.65 G .132(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E +(primary prompt.)184 465.6 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o) +-.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1144 477.6 Q F0 +.088(Exit immediately if a)184 477.6 R F2(pipeline)2.588 E F0 .087 +(\(which may consist of a single)2.588 F F2 .087(simple command)2.587 F +F0 .087(\), a)B F2(list)2.587 E F0 2.587(,o)C(r)-2.587 E(a)184 489.6 Q +F2 1.52(compound command)4.02 F F0(\(see)4.021 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.521(SHELL GRAMMAR)4.021 F F0(abo)3.771 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.521(\), e) -.15 F 1.521(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 F .079 -(The shell does not e)184 292.8 R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F -.08(ails is part of the command list immediately)-.1 F(follo)184 304.8 Q -1.655(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)4.155 E F0(or)4.155 E F1(until)4.155 E F0 --.1(ke)4.155 G(yw)-.05 E 1.655(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F 1.654 -(wing the)-.25 F F1(if)4.154 E F0(or)4.154 E F1(elif)4.154 E F0(reserv) -4.154 E(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)184 316.8 S .581(rds, part of an).1 F 3.081(yc) --.15 G .581(ommand e)-3.081 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .581(cuted in a).15 F F1 -(&&)3.081 E F0(or)3.081 E F1(||)3.081 E F0 .582(list e)3.082 F .582 -(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .918(the \214nal)184 328.8 R -F1(&&)3.418 E F0(or)3.418 E F1(||)3.418 E F0 3.418(,a)C 1.218 -.15(ny c) --3.418 H .918(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F .917 -(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.417(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.417 E --.25(va)184 340.8 S .66(lue is being in).25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .66 -(rted with).15 F F1(!)3.16 E F0 5.661(.I)C 3.161(fac)-5.661 G .661 -(ompound command other than a subshell returns a)-3.161 F 1.113 -(non-zero status because a command f)184 352.8 R 1.112(ailed while)-.1 F -F13.612 E F0 -.1(wa)3.612 G 3.612(sb).1 G 1.112 -(eing ignored, the shell does)-3.612 F .177(not e)184 364.8 R 2.677 -(xit. A)-.15 F .177(trap on)2.677 F F1(ERR)2.677 E F0 2.677(,i)C 2.678 -(fs)-2.677 G .178(et, is e)-2.678 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .178 -(cuted before the shell e).15 F 2.678(xits. This)-.15 F .178 -(option applies to)2.678 F .618(the shell en)184 376.8 R .617 +.15 F 1.521(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 F .08 +(The shell does not e)184 501.6 R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F +.079(ails is part of the command list immediately)-.1 F(follo)184 513.6 +Q 1.654(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)4.154 E F0(or)4.154 E F1(until)4.154 E F0 +-.1(ke)4.154 G(yw)-.05 E 1.655(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F 1.655 +(wing the)-.25 F F1(if)4.155 E F0(or)4.155 E F1(elif)4.155 E F0(reserv) +4.155 E(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)184 525.6 S .582(rds, part of an).1 F 3.082(yc) +-.15 G .582(ommand e)-3.082 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .581(cuted in a).15 F F1 +(&&)3.081 E F0(or)3.081 E F1(||)3.081 E F0 .581(list e)3.081 F .581 +(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .917(the \214nal)184 537.6 R +F1(&&)3.417 E F0(or)3.417 E F1(||)3.417 E F0 3.417(,a)C 1.217 -.15(ny c) +-3.417 H .918(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F .918 +(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.418(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.418 E +-.25(va)184 549.6 S .661(lue is being in).25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .661 +(rted with).15 F F1(!)3.161 E F0 5.661(.I)C 3.161(fac)-5.661 G .66 +(ompound command other than a subshell returns a)-3.161 F 1.112 +(non-zero status because a command f)184 561.6 R 1.112(ailed while)-.1 F +F13.612 E F0 -.1(wa)3.612 G 3.612(sb).1 G 1.113 +(eing ignored, the shell does)-3.612 F .178(not e)184 573.6 R 2.678 +(xit. A)-.15 F .178(trap on)2.678 F F1(ERR)2.678 E F0 2.678(,i)C 2.678 +(fs)-2.678 G .178(et, is e)-2.678 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .178 +(cuted before the shell e).15 F 2.677(xits. This)-.15 F .177 +(option applies to)2.677 F .617(the shell en)184 585.6 R .617 (vironment and each subshell en)-.4 F .617(vironment separately \(see) --.4 F F3 .617(COMMAND EXE-)3.117 F .642(CUTION ENVIR)184 388.8 R(ONMENT) +-.4 F F3 .618(COMMAND EXE-)3.118 F .643(CUTION ENVIR)184 597.6 R(ONMENT) -.27 E F0(abo)2.893 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .643 (\), and may cause subshells to e).15 F .643(xit before e)-.15 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .643(cuting all).15 F(the commands in the subshell.)184 400.8 -Q 2.042(If a compound command or shell function e)184 418.8 R -.15(xe) +(xe)-.15 G .642(cuting all).15 F(the commands in the subshell.)184 609.6 +Q 2.042(If a compound command or shell function e)184 627.6 R -.15(xe) -.15 G 2.042(cutes in a conte).15 F 2.042(xt where)-.15 F F14.542 -E F0 2.042(is being)4.542 F 1.435(ignored, none of the commands e)184 -430.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.436 -(cuted within the compound command or function).15 F .194 -(body will be af)184 442.8 R .194(fected by the)-.25 F F12.694 E +E F0 2.043(is being)4.543 F 1.436(ignored, none of the commands e)184 +639.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.435 +(cuted within the compound command or function).15 F .193 +(body will be af)184 651.6 R .193(fected by the)-.25 F F12.693 E F0 .193(setting, e)2.693 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.693(ni).15 G(f)-2.693 E F1 -2.693 E F0 .193(is set and a command returns a f)2.693 F(ailure) --.1 E 3.39(status. If)184 454.8 R 3.39(ac)3.39 G .89 +2.693 E F0 .194(is set and a command returns a f)2.693 F(ailure) +-.1 E 3.39(status. If)184 663.6 R 3.39(ac)3.39 G .89 (ompound command or shell function sets)-3.39 F F13.39 E F0 .89 (while e)3.39 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .89(cuting in a conte).15 F(xt)-.15 E -(where)184 466.8 Q F13.154 E F0 .654 -(is ignored, that setting will not ha)3.154 F .953 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .953 --.15(ny e).15 H -.25(ff).15 G .653(ect until the compound command).25 F -(or the command containing the function call completes.)184 478.8 Q F1 -144 490.8 Q F0(Disable pathname e)184 490.8 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 -144 502.8 Q F0 2.238(Remember the location of commands as the)184 -502.8 R 4.738(ya)-.15 G 2.239(re look)-4.738 F 2.239(ed up for e)-.1 F --.15(xe)-.15 G 4.739(cution. This).15 F(is)4.739 E(enabled by def)184 -514.8 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1144 526.8 Q F0 .514(All ar)184 526.8 R .514 -(guments in the form of assignment statements are placed in the en)-.18 -F .513(vironment for a)-.4 F -(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 538.8 Q F1 -144 550.8 Q F0 .148(Monitor mode.)184 550.8 R .148 -(Job control is enabled.)5.148 F .149(This option is on by def)5.148 F -.149(ault for interacti)-.1 F .449 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .651 -(on systems that support it \(see)184 562.8 R F3 .651(JOB CONTR)3.151 F -(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)2.901 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.151(\). All).15 F .65 -(processes run in a separate)3.151 F .678(process group.)184 574.8 R -.679(When a background job completes, the shell prints a line containin\ -g its)5.678 F -.15(ex)184 586.8 S(it status.).15 E F1144 598.8 Q -F0 .653(Read commands b)184 598.8 R .653(ut do not e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 -G .653(cute them.).15 F .652 -(This may be used to check a shell script for)5.653 F(syntax errors.)184 -610.8 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 -E F1144 622.8 Q F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0(The)184 634.8 Q F2 -(option\255name)2.5 E F0(can be one of the follo)2.5 E(wing:)-.25 E F1 -(allexport)184 646.8 Q F0(Same as)224 658.8 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(braceexpand)184 670.8 Q F0(Same as)224 682.8 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(emacs)184 694.8 Q F0 .089 -(Use an emacs-style command line editing interf)224 694.8 R 2.589 -(ace. This)-.1 F .089(is enabled by def)2.589 F(ault)-.1 E .95 -(when the shell is interacti)224 706.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G -.95(nless the shell is started with the)-3.45 F F1(\255\255noediting) -3.45 E F0 2.5(option. This)224 718.8 R(also af)2.5 E -(fects the editing interf)-.25 E(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G -(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(66) -198.445 E 0 Cg EP +(where)184 675.6 Q F13.153 E F0 .653 +(is ignored, that setting will not ha)3.153 F .954 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .954 +-.15(ny e).15 H -.25(ff).15 G .654(ect until the compound command).25 F +(or the command containing the function call completes.)184 687.6 Q F1 +144 699.6 Q F0(Disable pathname e)184 699.6 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 +144 711.6 Q F0 2.239(Remember the location of commands as the)184 +711.6 R 4.738(ya)-.15 G 2.238(re look)-4.738 F 2.238(ed up for e)-.1 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G 4.738(cution. This).15 F(is)4.738 E(enabled by def)184 +723.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(66) +199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 67 67 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(err)184 84 Q(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)224 84 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(errtrace)184 96 Q F0(Same as)224 96 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(functrace)184 108 Q F0(Same as)224 120 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(hashall)184 132 Q F0(Same as)224 132 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(histexpand)184 144 Q F0(Same as)224 156 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(history)184 168 Q F0 .586(Enable command history)224 168 R 3.087(,a) +SF144 84 Q F0 .513(All ar)184 84 R .514 +(guments in the form of assignment statements are placed in the en)-.18 +F .514(vironment for a)-.4 F +(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 96 Q F1 +144 108 Q F0 .149(Monitor mode.)184 108 R .149 +(Job control is enabled.)5.149 F .148(This option is on by def)5.149 F +.148(ault for interacti)-.1 F .448 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .65 +(on systems that support it \(see)184 120 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .651 +(JOB CONTR)3.151 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)2.901 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.151 +(\). All).15 F .651(processes run in a separate)3.151 F .679 +(process group.)184 132 R .678(When a background job completes, the she\ +ll prints a line containing its)5.679 F -.15(ex)184 144 S(it status.).15 +E F1144 156 Q F0 .652(Read commands b)184 156 R .652(ut do not e) +-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .652(cute them.).15 F .653 +(This may be used to check a shell script for)5.652 F(syntax errors.)184 +168 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E +F1144 180 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(option\255name)2.5 E F0(The) +184 192 Q F3(option\255name)2.5 E F0(can be one of the follo)2.5 E +(wing:)-.25 E F1(allexport)184 204 Q F0(Same as)224 216 Q F12.5 E +F0(.)A F1(braceexpand)184 228 Q F0(Same as)224 240 Q F12.5 E F0(.) +A F1(emacs)184 252 Q F0 .089 +(Use an emacs-style command line editing interf)224 252 R 2.589 +(ace. This)-.1 F .089(is enabled by def)2.589 F(ault)-.1 E .95 +(when the shell is interacti)224 264 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G .95 +(nless the shell is started with the)-3.45 F F1(\255\255noediting)3.45 E +F0 2.5(option. This)224 276 R(also af)2.5 E(fects the editing interf) +-.25 E(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1(err) +184 288 Q(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)224 288 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(errtrace)184 300 Q F0(Same as)224 300 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(functrace)184 312 Q F0(Same as)224 324 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(hashall)184 336 Q F0(Same as)224 336 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(histexpand)184 348 Q F0(Same as)224 360 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(history)184 372 Q F0 .587(Enable command history)224 372 R 3.087(,a) -.65 G 3.087(sd)-3.087 G .587(escribed abo)-3.087 F .887 -.15(ve u)-.15 -H(nder).15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)3.087 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F3 9 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .587(This option is)5.087 F(on by def)224 180 Q +H(nder).15 E F2(HIST)3.087 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF +(.)A F0 .587(This option is)5.087 F(on by def)224 384 Q (ault in interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(ignor)184 -192 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.657(The ef)224 204 R 1.657 -(fect is as if the shell command)-.25 F/F4 10/Courier@0 SF(IGNOREEOF=10) -4.156 E F0 1.656(had been e)4.156 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E(\(see)224 -216 Q F1(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).) -.15 E F1 -.1(ke)184 228 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 240 Q F1 -2.5 E F0(.)A F1(monitor)184 252 Q F0(Same as)224 252 Q F12.5 -E F0(.)A F1(noclob)184 264 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 276 Q F12.5 -E F0(.)A F1(noexec)184 288 Q F0(Same as)224 288 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A -F1(noglob)184 300 Q F0(Same as)224 300 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(nolog) -184 312 Q F0(Currently ignored.)224 312 Q F1(notify)184 324 Q F0 -(Same as)224 324 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(nounset)184 336 Q F0(Same as) -224 336 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184 348 Q F0(Same as)224 348 Q -F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(ph)184 360 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)224 360 Q -F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(pipefail)184 372 Q F0 1.029 -(If set, the return v)224 372 R 1.029(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F -1.03(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.137(mand to e)224 384 -R 1.136 +396 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.656(The ef)224 408 R 1.656 +(fect is as if the shell command)-.25 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(IGNOREEOF=10) +4.157 E F0 1.657(had been e)4.157 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E(\(see)224 +420 Q F1(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).) +.15 E F1 -.1(ke)184 432 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 444 Q F1 +2.5 E F0(.)A F1(monitor)184 456 Q F0(Same as)224 456 Q F12.5 +E F0(.)A F1(noclob)184 468 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 480 Q F12.5 +E F0(.)A F1(noexec)184 492 Q F0(Same as)224 492 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A +F1(noglob)184 504 Q F0(Same as)224 504 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(nolog) +184 516 Q F0(Currently ignored.)224 516 Q F1(notify)184 528 Q F0 +(Same as)224 528 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(nounset)184 540 Q F0(Same as) +224 540 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184 552 Q F0(Same as)224 552 Q +F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(ph)184 564 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)224 564 Q +F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(pipefail)184 576 Q F0 1.03(If set, the return v) +224 576 R 1.029(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F 1.029 +(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.136(mand to e)224 588 R +1.136 (xit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands in the pipeline) --.15 F -.15(ex)224 396 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G -(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 408 Q F0 -2.09(Change the beha)224 408 R 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 +-.15 F -.15(ex)224 600 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G +(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 612 Q F0 +2.091(Change the beha)224 612 R 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 2.091(where the def)4.591 F 2.091(ault operation dif)-.1 F 2.091 (fers from the)-.25 F 1.212(POSIX standard to match the standard \()224 -420 R/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 1.212(posix mode)B F0 3.712(\). See)B F2 -1.212(SEE ALSO)3.712 F F0(belo)3.462 E(w)-.25 E 2.306 -(for a reference to a document that details ho)224 432 R 4.807(wp)-.25 G -2.307(osix mode af)-4.807 F 2.307(fects bash')-.25 F(s)-.55 E(beha)224 -444 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F1(pri)184 456 Q(vileged)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 -468 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 480 S(rbose).1 E F0(Same as)224 -480 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 492 Q F0 1.466 -(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)224 492 R 3.965(ace. This) --.1 F 1.465(also af)3.965 F 1.465(fects the editing)-.25 F(interf)224 -504 Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1 -(xtrace)184 516 Q F0(Same as)224 516 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 534 Q -F13.052 E F0 .552(is supplied with no)3.052 F F5(option\255name) -3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .553 -(alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.553 E F1(+o)184 -546 Q F0 1.072(is supplied with no)3.572 F F5(option\255name)3.572 E F0 -3.572(,a)C 1.071(series of)-.001 F F1(set)3.571 E F0 1.071 -(commands to recreate the current)3.571 F -(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 558 Q F1 -144 570 Q F0 -.45(Tu)184 570 S 1.071(rn on).45 F F5(privile)4.821 E -.1 -(ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.341 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F -F2($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F2($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV)-.27 E F0 1.072 -(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.501 -(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 582 R 1.5 -(vironment, and the)-.4 F F2(SHELLOPTS)4 E F3(,)A F2 -.27(BA)184 594 S -(SHOPTS).27 E F3(,)A F2(CDP)2.774 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F3(,)A F0 -(and)2.774 E F2(GLOBIGNORE)3.024 E F0 -.25(va)2.774 G .524 -(riables, if the).25 F 3.025(ya)-.15 G .525(ppear in the en)-3.025 F -(vironment,)-.4 E .38(are ignored.)184 606 R .38 -(If the shell is started with the ef)5.38 F(fecti)-.25 E .679 -.15(ve u) --.25 H .379(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real).15 F .461 -(user \(group\) id, and the)184 618 R F12.961 E F0 .461 -(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.961 F .462 -(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 630 Q .695 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .395 -(ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F .395(If the)5.395 F F1 -2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.895 F(fecti)-.25 -E -.15(ve)-.25 G .386(user id is not reset.)184 642 R -.45(Tu)5.386 G -.386(rning this option of).45 F 2.886(fc)-.25 G .387(auses the ef)-2.886 -F(fecti)-.25 E .687 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .387(ser and group ids to be).15 F -(set to the real user and group ids.)184 654 Q F1144 666 Q F0 -(Exit after reading and e)184 666 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting one command.) -.15 E F1144 678 Q F0 -.35(Tr)184 678 S .044(eat unset v).35 F .044 -(ariables and parameters other than the special parameters "@" and "*" \ -as an)-.25 F .182(error when performing parameter e)184 690 R 2.682 -(xpansion. If)-.15 F -.15(ex)2.682 G .183 -(pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F(ari-)-.25 E .746 -(able or parameter)184 702 R 3.246(,t)-.4 G .746 -(he shell prints an error message, and, if not interacti)-3.246 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.246(,e).15 G .746(xits with a)-3.396 F(non-zero status.)184 -714 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(67)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +624 R F3 1.212(posix mode)B F0 3.712(\). See)B F2 1.212(SEE ALSO)3.712 F +F0(belo)3.463 E(w)-.25 E 2.307 +(for a reference to a document that details ho)224 636 R 4.806(wp)-.25 G +2.306(osix mode af)-4.806 F 2.306(fects bash')-.25 F(s)-.55 E(beha)224 +648 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F1(pri)184 660 Q(vileged)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 +672 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 684 S(rbose).1 E F0(Same as)224 +684 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 696 Q F0 1.465 +(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)224 696 R 3.966(ace. This) +-.1 F 1.466(also af)3.966 F 1.466(fects the editing)-.25 F(interf)224 +708 Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(67)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 68 68 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF144 84 Q F0(Print shell input lines as the)184 84 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 -G(re read.)-2.5 E F1144 96 Q F0 .315(After e)184 96 R .315 -(xpanding each)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .315(simple command)2.815 -F F0(,)A F1 -.25(fo)2.815 G(r).25 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E -F0(command,)2.815 E F1(select)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E 1.236 -(or arithmetic)184 108 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r).25 E F0 1.236 -(command, display the e)3.736 F 1.236(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.236(alue of) --.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PS4)3.736 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 -(follo)3.486 E 1.236(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 120 Q +SF(xtrace)184 84 Q F0(Same as)224 84 Q F12.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 102 Q +F13.053 E F0 .553(is supplied with no)3.053 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 +SF(option\255name)3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .552 +(alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.552 E F1(+o)184 +114 Q F0 1.071(is supplied with no)3.571 F F2(option\255name)3.571 E F0 +3.571(,as)C 1.071(eries of)-3.571 F F1(set)3.572 E F0 1.072 +(commands to recreate the current)3.572 F +(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 126 Q F1 +144 138 Q F0 -.45(Tu)184 138 S 1.072(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.822 E -.1 +(ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.342 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F +/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F3($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV) +-.27 E F0 1.071(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.5 +(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 150 R 1.501 +(vironment, and the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)4.001 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A +F3 -.27(BA)184 162 S(SHOPTS).27 E F4(,)A F3(CDP)2.775 E -.855(AT)-.666 G +(H).855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.775 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.025 E F0 -.25(va)2.775 G +.524(riables, if the).25 F 3.024(ya)-.15 G .524(ppear in the en)-3.024 F +(vironment,)-.4 E .379(are ignored.)184 174 R .379 +(If the shell is started with the ef)5.379 F(fecti)-.25 E .679 -.15 +(ve u)-.25 H .38(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real).15 F .462 +(user \(group\) id, and the)184 186 R F12.961 E F0 .461 +(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.961 F .461 +(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 198 Q .694 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .394 +(ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F .395(If the)5.395 F F1 +2.895 E F0 .395(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.895 F(fecti)-.25 +E -.15(ve)-.25 G .387(user id is not reset.)184 210 R -.45(Tu)5.387 G +.387(rning this option of).45 F 2.886(fc)-.25 G .386(auses the ef)-2.886 +F(fecti)-.25 E .686 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .386(ser and group ids to be).15 F +(set to the real user and group ids.)184 222 Q F1144 234 Q F0 +(Exit after reading and e)184 234 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting one command.) +.15 E F1144 246 Q F0 -.35(Tr)184 246 S .043(eat unset v).35 F .044 +(ariables and parameters other than the special parameters "@" and "*" \ +as an)-.25 F .183(error when performing parameter e)184 258 R 2.683 +(xpansion. If)-.15 F -.15(ex)2.683 G .182 +(pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F(ari-)-.25 E .746 +(able or parameter)184 270 R 3.246(,t)-.4 G .746 +(he shell prints an error message, and, if not interacti)-3.246 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 3.246(,e).15 G .746(xits with a)-3.396 F(non-zero status.)184 +282 Q F1144 294 Q F0(Print shell input lines as the)184 294 Q 2.5 +(ya)-.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E F1144 306 Q F0 .315(After e)184 306 R +.315(xpanding each)-.15 F F2 .315(simple command)2.815 F F0(,)A F1 -.25 +(fo)2.815 G(r).25 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E F0(command,) +2.815 E F1(select)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E 1.235(or arithmetic)184 +318 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r).25 E F0 1.236(command, display the e)3.736 F +1.236(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.236(alue of)-.25 F F3(PS4)3.736 E F4(,)A F0 +(follo)3.486 E 1.236(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 330 Q (xpanded ar)-.15 E(guments or associated w)-.18 E(ord list.)-.1 E F1 -144 132 Q F0 2.578(The shell performs brace e)184 132 R 2.578 +144 342 Q F0 2.579(The shell performs brace e)184 342 R 2.578 (xpansion \(see)-.15 F F1 2.578(Brace Expansion)5.078 F F0(abo)5.078 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 5.079(\). This).15 F 2.579(is on by)5.079 F(def)184 144 Q -(ault.)-.1 E F1144 156 Q F0 .214(If set,)184 156 R F1(bash)2.714 E -F0 .214(does not o)2.714 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214 +-.15(ve)-.15 G 5.078(\). This).15 F 2.578(is on by)5.078 F(def)184 354 Q +(ault.)-.1 E F1144 366 Q F0 .213(If set,)184 366 R F1(bash)2.713 E +F0 .213(does not o)2.713 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214 (xisting \214le with the)-.15 F F1(>)2.714 E F0(,)A F1(>&)2.714 E F0 -2.713(,a)C(nd)-2.713 E F1(<>)2.713 E F0 .213(redirection opera-)2.713 F -3.053(tors. This)184 168 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 +2.714(,a)C(nd)-2.714 E F1(<>)2.714 E F0 .214(redirection opera-)2.714 F +3.054(tors. This)184 378 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 (rridden when creating output \214les by using the redirection opera-) -.15 F(tor)184 180 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -144 192 Q F0 .104(If set, an)184 192 R 2.604(yt)-.15 G .104 -(rap on)-2.604 F F1(ERR)2.604 E F0 .103 -(is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.604 -F .838(mands e)184 204 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .838(cuted in a subshell en).15 -F 3.338(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .839 -(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 216 Q F1 -144 228 Q F0(Enable)184 228 Q F1(!)3.032 E F0 .532 -(style history substitution.)5.532 F .531(This option is on by def)5.532 -F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 240 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1144 252 Q F0 .959 -(If set, the shell does not resolv)184 252 R 3.459(es)-.15 G .959 -(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .96 -(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.46 E F0 2.822 -(that change the current w)184 264 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822 -(.I)-.65 G 5.322(tu)-7.822 G 2.822(ses the ph)-5.322 F 2.821 -(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.685(instead. By)184 276 R(def)2.685 +.15 F(tor)184 390 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +144 402 Q F0 .103(If set, an)184 402 R 2.603(yt)-.15 G .103 +(rap on)-2.603 F F1(ERR)2.603 E F0 .104 +(is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.603 +F .839(mands e)184 414 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .839(cuted in a subshell en).15 +F 3.339(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .838 +(trap is normally not inherited in)3.338 F(such cases.)184 426 Q F1 +144 438 Q F0(Enable)184 438 Q F1(!)3.031 E F0 .531 +(style history substitution.)5.531 F .531(This option is on by def)5.531 +F .532(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 450 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1144 462 Q F0 .96 +(If set, the shell does not resolv)184 462 R 3.459(es)-.15 G .959 +(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .959 +(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.459 E F0 2.821 +(that change the current w)184 474 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822 +(.I)-.65 G 5.322(tu)-7.822 G 2.822(ses the ph)-5.322 F 2.822 +(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.686(instead. By)184 486 R(def)2.686 E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)2.686 E F0(follo)2.686 E .186 (ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F -(mands which change the current directory)184 288 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 -300 Q F0 .89(If set, an)184 300 R 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 +(mands which change the current directory)184 498 Q(.)-.65 E F1144 +510 Q F0 .89(If set, an)184 510 R 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 (DEB)3.39 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)3.39 E F1(RETURN)3.39 E F0 .89 (are inherited by shell functions, command)3.39 F 1.932 -(substitutions, and commands e)184 312 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 +(substitutions, and commands e)184 522 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 (cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E -(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 324 Q F0 -(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1144 336 Q -F0 .401(If no ar)184 336 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G -.401(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F -(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 348 Q F2 -(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G +(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 534 Q F0 +(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1144 546 Q +F0 .4(If no ar)184 546 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401 +(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F +(Otherwise,)5.401 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 558 Q +F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G (ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F12.5 E F0(.)A F1144 -360 Q F0 1.944(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)184 360 R -F2(ar)4.444 E(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.445(ea)-4.444 G -1.945(ssigned to the positional)-4.445 F 3.446(parameters. The)184 372 R -F13.446 E F0(and)3.446 E F13.446 E F0 .945 -(options are turned of)3.446 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .945(there are no) -3.445 F F2(ar)3.445 E(g)-.37 E F0 .945(s, the positional)B -(parameters remain unchanged.)184 384 Q .425(The options are of)144 -400.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 +570 Q F0 1.945(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)184 570 R +F2(ar)4.444 E(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.444(ea)-4.444 G +1.944(ssigned to the positional)-4.444 F 3.445(parameters. The)184 582 R +F13.445 E F0(and)3.445 E F13.445 E F0 .945 +(options are turned of)3.445 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .946(there are no) +3.445 F F2(ar)3.446 E(g)-.37 E F0 .946(s, the positional)B +(parameters remain unchanged.)184 594 Q .425(The options are of)144 +610.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 (ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425 -(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .178 -(to be turned of)144 412.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178 +(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .177 +(to be turned of)144 622.8 R 2.677(f. The)-.25 F .178 (options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in) --.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066 -(current set of options may be found in)144 424.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 +-.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .178(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.178 E .066 +(current set of options may be found in)144 634.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066 -(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .067(lid option).25 F -(is encountered.)144 436.8 Q F1(shift)108 453.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 465.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0 -.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G -.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 477.6 Q F1($#)2.582 -E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.582 E F0A F2(n)A F0 .082 -(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga) --.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .083(umber less than or equal to) -.15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f)-5.083 E F2(n)2.943 E F0 .06 -(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 489.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 +(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .066(lid option).25 F +(is encountered.)144 646.8 Q F1(shift)108 663.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +(])A .428(The positional parameters from)144 675.6 R F2(n)2.928 E F0 +.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.429 G +.429(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 687.6 Q F1($#)2.583 +E F0(do)2.583 E .083(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.583 E F0A F2(n)A F0 .083 +(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.443 E F0 .083(must be a non-ne)2.823 F -.05(ga) +-.15 G(ti).05 E .382 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .082(umber less than or equal to) +.15 F F1($#)2.582 E F0 5.082(.I)C(f)-5.082 E F2(n)2.942 E F0 .06 +(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 699.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F (If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56 -(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 501.6 R -.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0 -.144(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0 -(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 513.6 Q F1(shopt)108 530.4 Q F0([) -2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname) --2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 542.4 S .64(ggle the v).8 F .639 -(alues of settings controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E -5.639(.T)-.55 G .639(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .374 -(listed belo)144 554.4 R 1.674 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.174 -.4(r, i).65 H -2.874(ft).4 G(he)-2.874 E F12.874 E F0 .375 -(option is used, those a)2.875 F -.25(va)-.2 G .375(ilable with the).25 -F F12.875 E F0 .375(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.875 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.875 G .375(iltin com-).2 F 3.326(mand. W)144 566.4 R .826 -(ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F13.326 E F0 .825 -(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an)3.326 F -.945(indication of whether or not each is set.)144 578.4 R(The)5.945 E -F13.445 E F0 .945(option causes output to be displayed in a form) -3.445 F(that may be reused as input.)144 590.4 Q(Other options ha)5 E .3 --.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 602.4 Q -F0(Enable \(set\) each)180 602.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1144 -614.4 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)180 614.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -144 626.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the \ -return status indicates whether the)180 626.4 R F2(optname)2.503 E F0 -(is)2.503 E .255(set or unset.)180 638.4 R .255(If multiple)5.255 F F2 -(optname)2.755 E F0(ar)2.755 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.756(nw).15 G(ith)-2.756 E F12.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256 -(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F(all)180 650.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E -F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1144 662.4 Q F0 -(Restricts the v)180 662.4 Q(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0 -(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 -E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .625(If either)144 679.2 R F1 -3.125 E F0(or)3.124 E F13.124 E F0 .624(is used with no) -3.124 F F2(optname)3.124 E F0(ar)3.124 E(guments,)-.18 E F1(shopt)3.124 -E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F 2.233 -(set or unset, respecti)144 691.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 7.234(.U) --.65 G 2.234(nless otherwise noted, the)-7.234 F F1(shopt)4.734 E F0 -2.234(options are disabled \(unset\) by)4.734 F(def)144 703.2 Q(ault.) --.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 -720 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.) -4.044 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(68)198.445 E 0 Cg -EP +(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .144(positional parameters are not changed.)144 711.6 R +.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.144 F F2(n)3.003 E F0 +.143(is greater than)2.883 F F1($#)2.643 E F0 +(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 723.6 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q +(2015 June 5)150.675 E(68)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 69 69 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .696 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(shopt)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 +2.5(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(optname)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 +96 S .639(ggle the v).8 F .639 +(alues of settings controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E +5.639(.T)-.55 G .64(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .375 +(listed belo)144 108 R 1.675 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.175 -.4(r, i).65 H 2.875 +(ft).4 G(he)-2.875 E F12.875 E F0 .375(option is used, those a) +2.875 F -.25(va)-.2 G .375(ilable with the).25 F F12.875 E F0 .374 +(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.874 E F0 -.2(bu)2.874 G .374(iltin com-) +.2 F 3.325(mand. W)144 120 R .825(ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F1 +3.325 E F0 .826 +(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an)3.325 F +.945(indication of whether or not each is set.)144 132 R(The)5.945 E F1 +3.445 E F0 .945(option causes output to be displayed in a form) +3.445 F(that may be reused as input.)144 144 Q(Other options ha)5 E .3 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1144 156 Q +F0(Enable \(set\) each)180 156 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1144 168 +Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)180 168 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +144 180 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the return s\ +tatus indicates whether the)180 180 R F2(optname)2.504 E F0(is)2.504 E +.256(set or unset.)180 192 R .256(If multiple)5.256 F F2(optname)2.756 E +F0(ar)2.756 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G +(ith)-2.756 E F12.756 E F0 2.755(,t)C .255 +(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F(all)180 204 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0 +(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1144 216 Q F0 +(Restricts the v)180 216 Q(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0 +(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 +E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .624(If either)144 232.8 R F1 +3.124 E F0(or)3.124 E F13.124 E F0 .624(is used with no) +3.124 F F2(optname)3.124 E F0(ar)3.124 E(guments,)-.18 E F1(shopt)3.124 +E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F 2.234 +(set or unset, respecti)144 244.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 7.234(.U) +-.65 G 2.234(nless otherwise noted, the)-7.234 F F1(shopt)4.734 E F0 +2.234(options are disabled \(unset\) by)4.734 F(def)144 256.8 Q(ault.) +-.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 +273.6 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.) +4.045 F .696 (When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an) -144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v) -3.196 F .696(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 96 Q(The list of)144 112.8 Q -/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(shopt)2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F2(autocd)144 -130.8 Q F0 .2 -(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)184 130.8 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .199(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E -(ment to the)184 142.8 Q F2(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F +144 285.6 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695 +(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 297.6 Q(The list of)144 314.4 Q F1(shopt) +2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 332.4 Q F0 .199 +(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)184 332.4 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E +(ment to the)184 344.4 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F (option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E -F2(cdable_v)144 154.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 166.8 R .155 -(gument to the)-.18 F F2(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156 +F1(cdable_v)144 356.4 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 368.4 R .156 +(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155 (iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F -(name of a v)184 178.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E -(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F2(cdspell)144 190.8 Q F0 +(name of a v)184 380.4 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E +(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 392.4 Q F0 1.055 (If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)184 -190.8 R F2(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987 -(corrected. The)184 202.8 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487 -(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a) --.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .77(one character too man)184 214.8 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) +392.4 R F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988 +(corrected. The)184 404.4 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487 +(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a) +-.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .77(one character too man)184 416.4 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) -.15 H 3.27(fac).65 G .77 (orrection is found, the corrected \214lename is printed, and)-3.27 F -(the command proceeds.)184 226.8 Q +(the command proceeds.)184 428.4 Q (This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) -.15 E F2(checkhash)144 238.8 Q F0 .736(If set,)184 250.8 R F2(bash)3.236 -E F0 .736(checks that a command found in the hash table e)3.236 F .737 +.15 E F1(checkhash)144 440.4 Q F0 .737(If set,)184 452.4 R F1(bash)3.237 +E F0 .736(checks that a command found in the hash table e)3.237 F .736 (xists before trying to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cute it.)184 -262.8 Q(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E -(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F2(checkjobs)144 274.8 -Q F0 .449(If set,)184 286.8 R F2(bash)2.949 E F0 .449 -(lists the status of an)2.949 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .448 -(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .448(xiting an interacti)-.15 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.438(shell. If)184 298.8 R(an)3.438 E 3.438(yj)-.15 G -.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.438 F .938 -(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .939(xit is)-.15 F 2.203 -(attempted without an interv)184 310.8 R 2.203(ening command \(see)-.15 +464.4 Q(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E +(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 476.4 +Q F0 .448(If set,)184 488.4 R F1(bash)2.948 E F0 .448 +(lists the status of an)2.948 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .449 +(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .449(xiting an interacti)-.15 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.439(shell. If)184 500.4 R(an)3.439 E 3.439(yj)-.15 G +.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.439 F .938 +(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .938(xit is)-.15 F 2.203 +(attempted without an interv)184 512.4 R 2.203(ening command \(see)-.15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.203(JOB CONTR)4.703 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)4.453 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.703 E(al)184 322.8 Q -.1(wa) +-.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.704 E(al)184 524.4 Q -.1(wa) -.1 G(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G -(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F2(checkwinsize)144 334.8 Q F0 .796(If set,)184 -346.8 R F2(bash)3.296 E F0 .796(checks the windo)3.296 F 3.296(ws)-.25 G -.797(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.296 F 3.297(,u)-.65 G -.797(pdates the)-3.297 F -.25(va)184 358.8 S(lues of).25 E F3(LINES)2.5 -E F0(and)2.25 E F3(COLUMNS)2.5 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F2(cmdhist) -144 370.8 Q F0 1.202(If set,)184 370.8 R F2(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202 +(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 536.4 Q F0 .797(If set,)184 +548.4 R F1(bash)3.297 E F0 .797(checks the windo)3.297 F 3.297(ws)-.25 G +.796(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.297 F 3.296(,u)-.65 G +.796(pdates the)-3.296 F -.25(va)184 560.4 S(lues of).25 E F3(LINES)2.5 +E F0(and)2.25 E F3(COLUMNS)2.5 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(cmdhist) +144 572.4 Q F0 1.202(If set,)184 572.4 R F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202 (attempts to sa)3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 1.202 (ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history).15 F(entry)184 -382.8 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E -(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F2(compat31)144 394.8 -Q F0 .419(If set,)184 406.8 R F2(bash)2.919 E F0 .419(changes its beha) -2.919 F .419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .42 -(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)-.15 F(guments)-.18 E .462(to the) -184 418.8 R F2([[)2.962 E F0 .462(conditional command')2.962 F(s)-.55 E -F2(=~)2.962 E F0 .462 +584.4 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E +(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 596.4 +Q F0 .42(If set,)184 608.4 R F1(bash)2.92 E F0 .42(changes its beha)2.92 +F .419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .419 +(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)-.15 F(guments)-.18 E .461(to the) +184 620.4 R F1([[)2.961 E F0 .462(conditional command')2.962 F(s)-.55 E +F1(=~)2.962 E F0 .462 (operator and locale-speci\214c string comparison when)2.962 F .71 -(using the)184 430.8 R F2([[)3.21 E F0 .71(conditional command')3.21 F -(s)-.55 E F2(<)3.21 E F0(and)3.21 E F2(>)3.21 E F0 3.21(operators. Bash) -3.21 F -.15(ve)3.21 G .71(rsions prior to bash-4.1).15 F .821 -(use ASCII collation and)184 442.8 R F1(str)3.321 E(cmp)-.37 E F0 .821 -(\(3\); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale').19 F 3.32(sc)-.55 G -(ollation)-3.32 E(sequence and)184 454.8 Q F1(str)2.5 E(coll)-.37 E F0 -(\(3\).).51 E F2(compat32)144 466.8 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 478.8 R F2 -(bash)3.909 E F0 1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409(vior to that of v) --.2 F 1.41(ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F .423 -(string comparison when using the)184 490.8 R F2([[)2.922 E F0 .422 -(conditional command')2.922 F(s)-.55 E F2(<)2.922 E F0(and)2.922 E F2(>) -2.922 E F0 .422(operators \(see pre-)2.922 F(vious item\).)184 502.8 Q -F2(compat40)144 514.8 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 526.8 R F2(bash)3.909 E F0 -1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.41 -(ersion 4.0 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F 2.008 -(string comparison when using the)184 538.8 R F2([[)4.508 E F0 2.007 -(conditional command')4.508 F(s)-.55 E F2(<)4.507 E F0(and)4.507 E F2(>) -4.507 E F0 2.007(operators \(see)4.507 F .769(description of)184 550.8 R -F2(compat31)3.269 E F0 3.269(\)a)C .769(nd the ef)-3.269 F .769 -(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 F .77(Bash v)5.77 F(ersions) --.15 E .087(4.0 and later interrupt the list as if the shell recei)184 -562.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.586(dt).15 G .086(he interrupt; pre)-2.586 F -.086(vious v)-.25 F .086(ersions con-)-.15 F(tinue with the ne)184 574.8 -Q(xt command in the list.)-.15 E F2(compat41)144 586.8 Q F0 1.483 -(If set,)184 598.8 R F2(bash)3.983 E F0 3.983(,w)C 1.483(hen in)-3.983 F -F1(posix)3.983 E F0 1.484 -(mode, treats a single quote in a double-quoted parameter)3.983 F -.15 -(ex)184 610.8 S .959(pansion as a special character).15 F 5.959(.T)-.55 -G .958(he single quotes must match \(an e)-5.959 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.458 -(nn).15 G .958(umber\) and)-3.458 F .59 -(the characters between the single quotes are considered quoted.)184 -622.8 R .59(This is the beha)5.59 F .59(vior of)-.2 F .59 -(posix mode through v)184 634.8 R .589(ersion 4.1.)-.15 F .589(The def) -5.589 F .589(ault bash beha)-.1 F .589(vior remains as in pre)-.2 F .589 -(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E(sions.)184 646.8 Q F2(compat42)144 -658.8 Q F0 1.796(If set,)184 670.8 R F2(bash)4.296 E F0 1.796 -(does not process the replacement string in the pattern substitution w) -4.296 F(ord)-.1 E -.15(ex)184 682.8 S(pansion using quote remo).15 E --.25(va)-.15 G(l.).25 E F2(complete_fullquote)144 694.8 Q F0 .654 -(If set,)184 706.8 R F2(bash)3.153 E F0 .653(quotes all shell metachara\ -cters in \214lenames and directory names when per)3.153 F(-)-.2 E 1.524 -(forming completion.)184 718.8 R 1.524(If not set,)6.524 F F2(bash)4.024 -E F0(remo)4.024 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.024(sm).15 G 1.524 -(etacharacters such as the dollar sign)-4.024 F 2.667(from the set of c\ -haracters that will be quoted in completed \214lenames when these)184 -730.8 R(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(69)198.445 E 0 Cg -EP +(using the)184 632.4 R F1([[)3.21 E F0 .71(conditional command')3.21 F +(s)-.55 E F1(<)3.21 E F0(and)3.21 E F1(>)3.21 E F0 3.21(operators. Bash) +3.21 F -.15(ve)3.21 G .71(rsions prior to bash-4.1).15 F .82 +(use ASCII collation and)184 644.4 R F2(str)3.321 E(cmp)-.37 E F0 .821 +(\(3\); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale').19 F 3.321(sc)-.55 G +(ollation)-3.321 E(sequence and)184 656.4 Q F2(str)2.5 E(coll)-.37 E F0 +(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat32)144 668.4 Q F0 1.41(If set,)184 680.4 R F1 +(bash)3.91 E F0 1.41(changes its beha)3.91 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 +F 1.409(ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F .422 +(string comparison when using the)184 692.4 R F1([[)2.922 E F0 .422 +(conditional command')2.922 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)2.922 E F0(and)2.922 E F1(>) +2.923 E F0 .423(operators \(see pre-)2.923 F(vious item\).)184 704.4 Q +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(69)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 70 70 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .028 -(metacharacters appear in shell v)184 84 R .028(ariable references in w) --.25 F .029(ords to be completed.)-.1 F .029(This means)5.029 F 1.073 -(that dollar signs in v)184 96 R 1.073(ariable names that e)-.25 F 1.073 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(compat40)144 84 Q F0 1.41(If set,)184 96 R F1(bash)3.91 E F0 1.41 +(changes its beha)3.91 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.409 +(ersion 4.0 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F 2.007 +(string comparison when using the)184 108 R F1([[)4.507 E F0 2.008 +(conditional command')4.507 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)4.508 E F0(and)4.508 E F1(>) +4.508 E F0 2.008(operators \(see)4.508 F .77(description of)184 120 R F1 +(compat31)3.27 E F0 3.269(\)a)C .769(nd the ef)-3.269 F .769 +(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 F .769(Bash v)5.769 F +(ersions)-.15 E .086 +(4.0 and later interrupt the list as if the shell recei)184 132 R -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 2.587(dt).15 G .087(he interrupt; pre)-2.587 F .087(vious v) +-.25 F .087(ersions con-)-.15 F(tinue with the ne)184 144 Q +(xt command in the list.)-.15 E F1(compat41)144 156 Q F0 1.484(If set,) +184 168 R F1(bash)3.984 E F0 3.984(,w)C 1.484(hen in)-3.984 F/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(posix)3.984 E F0 1.483 +(mode, treats a single quote in a double-quoted parameter)3.984 F -.15 +(ex)184 180 S .958(pansion as a special character).15 F 5.958(.T)-.55 G +.959(he single quotes must match \(an e)-5.958 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.459 +(nn).15 G .959(umber\) and)-3.459 F .59 +(the characters between the single quotes are considered quoted.)184 192 +R .59(This is the beha)5.59 F .59(vior of)-.2 F .589 +(posix mode through v)184 204 R .589(ersion 4.1.)-.15 F .589(The def) +5.589 F .589(ault bash beha)-.1 F .589(vior remains as in pre)-.2 F .59 +(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E(sions.)184 216 Q F1(compat42)144 228 Q +F0 1.797(If set,)184 240 R F1(bash)4.297 E F0 1.796 +(does not process the replacement string in the pattern substitution w) +4.296 F(ord)-.1 E -.15(ex)184 252 S(pansion using quote remo).15 E -.25 +(va)-.15 G(l.).25 E F1(complete_fullquote)144 264 Q F0 .653(If set,)184 +276 R F1(bash)3.153 E F0 .653(quotes all shell metacharacters in \214le\ +names and directory names when per)3.153 F(-)-.2 E 1.525 +(forming completion.)184 288 R 1.524(If not set,)6.525 F F1(bash)4.024 E +F0(remo)4.024 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.024(sm).15 G 1.524 +(etacharacters such as the dollar sign)-4.024 F 2.667(from the set of c\ +haracters that will be quoted in completed \214lenames when these)184 +300 R .029(metacharacters appear in shell v)184 312 R .028 +(ariable references in w)-.25 F .028(ords to be completed.)-.1 F .028 +(This means)5.028 F 1.072(that dollar signs in v)184 324 R 1.073 +(ariable names that e)-.25 F 1.073 (xpand to directories will not be quoted; ho)-.15 F(w-)-.25 E -2.15 -.25 -(ev e)184 108 T 1.922 -.4(r, a).25 H 1.422 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.123 +(ev e)184 336 T 1.923 -.4(r, a).25 H 1.423 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.123 (ollar signs appearing in \214lenames will not be quoted, either).15 F -6.123(.T)-.55 G 1.123(his is acti)-6.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .59 +6.123(.T)-.55 G 1.122(his is acti)-6.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .59 (only when bash is using backslashes to quote completed \214lenames.)184 -120 R .59(This v)5.59 F .59(ariable is set)-.25 F(by def)184 132 Q +348 R .59(This v)5.59 F .59(ariable is set)-.25 F(by def)184 360 Q (ault, which is the def)-.1 E(ault bash beha)-.1 E(vior in v)-.2 E -(ersions through 4.2.)-.15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(dir)144 144 Q(expand) --.18 E F0 .486(If set,)184 156 R F1(bash)2.986 E F0 .486 +(ersions through 4.2.)-.15 E F1(dir)144 372 Q(expand)-.18 E F0 .487 +(If set,)184 384 R F1(bash)2.987 E F0 .486 (replaces directory names with the results of w)2.986 F .486(ord e)-.1 F -.487(xpansion when perform-)-.15 F .18(ing \214lename completion.)184 -168 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.18 F -(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.179(.I)-.55 G 2.679(fn)-5.179 G(ot)-2.679 E(set,) -184 180 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G -(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F1(dirspell)144 192 Q F0 .858(If set,)184 -192 R F1(bash)3.358 E F0 .858 -(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.358 F .859 +.486(xpansion when perform-)-.15 F .179(ing \214lename completion.)184 +396 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.179 F +(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.18(.I)-.55 G 2.68(fn)-5.18 G(ot)-2.68 E(set,)184 +408 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G +(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F1(dirspell)144 420 Q F0 .859(If set,)184 +420 R F1(bash)3.359 E F0 .858 +(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.359 F .858 (ord completion if)-.1 F -(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 204 Q(xist.)-.15 E -F1(dotglob)144 216 Q F0(If set,)184 216 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 +(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 432 Q(xist.)-.15 E +F1(dotglob)144 444 Q F0(If set,)184 444 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 (includes \214lenames be)2.5 E(ginning with a `.)-.15 E 2.5('i)-.7 G 2.5 (nt)-2.5 G(he results of pathname e)-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(execfail) -144 228 Q F0 1.387(If set, a non-interacti)184 228 R 1.687 -.15(ve s) +144 456 Q F0 1.386(If set, a non-interacti)184 456 R 1.686 -.15(ve s) -.25 H 1.386(hell will not e).15 F 1.386(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.386(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 240 Q +(xe)-.15 G 1.387(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 468 Q (gument to the)-.18 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E (An interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15 -E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 252 Q F0 -.716(If set, aliases are e)184 264 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 -F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)3.217 E -/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .717(This option is enabled)5.217 F -(by def)184 276 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) -.15 E F1(extdeb)144 288 Q(ug)-.2 E F0(If set, beha)184 300 Q +E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 480 Q F0 +.717(If set, aliases are e)184 492 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 +F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)3.217 E +/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .716(This option is enabled)5.217 F +(by def)184 504 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) +.15 E F1(extdeb)144 516 Q(ug)-.2 E F0(If set, beha)184 528 Q (vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 -312 Q F0(The)220 312 Q F14.251 E F0 1.751(option to the)4.251 F F1 +540 Q F0(The)220 540 Q F14.25 E F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F F1 (declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251 G 1.751 (iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F -(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 324 Q -(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 336 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)220 -336 R F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v)4.167 F -1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 348 -Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 360 Q F0 .841 -(If the command run by the)220 360 R F1(DEB)3.341 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841 -(trap returns a v)3.341 F .84(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15 -(exe)220 372 S .488 +(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 552 Q +(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 564 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)220 +564 R F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v)4.167 F +1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 576 +Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 588 Q F0 .84 +(If the command run by the)220 588 R F1(DEB)3.34 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841 +(trap returns a v)3.341 F .841(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15 +(exe)220 600 S .488 (cuting in a subroutine \(a shell function or a shell script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F1(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E F1 -(sour)220 384 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(sour)220 612 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G (iltins\), the shell simulates a call to).2 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E -(n)-.15 E F0(.)A F1(4.)184 396 Q F2 -.27(BA)220 396 S(SH_ARGC).27 E F0 -(and)3.154 E F2 -.27(BA)3.404 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .904 -(are updated as described in their descriptions)3.154 F(abo)220 408 Q --.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 420 Q F0 1.637(Function tracing is ena\ -bled: command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)220 420 R -(shells in)220 432 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1 -(\()2.5 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 -(inherit the)2.5 E F1(DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0 -(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.)184 444 Q F0 1.082(Error tracing is enabled: comman\ -d substitution, shell functions, and subshells)220 444 R(in)220 456 Q --.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F4(command) -2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5 E F0(trap.)2.5 E F1 -(extglob)144 468 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)184 468 R .4 +(n)-.15 E F0(.)A F1(4.)184 624 Q F3 -.27(BA)220 624 S(SH_ARGC).27 E F0 +(and)3.153 E F3 -.27(BA)3.403 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .904 +(are updated as described in their descriptions)3.154 F(abo)220 636 Q +-.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 648 Q F0 1.637(Function tracing is ena\ +bled: command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)220 648 R +(shells in)220 660 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1 +(\()2.5 E F2(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(DEB)2.5 E +(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.)184 672 Q +F0 1.082(Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell function\ +s, and subshells)220 672 R(in)220 684 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw) +.1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F2(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the) +2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5 E F0(trap.)2.5 E F1(extglob)144 696 Q F0 .4 +(If set, the e)184 696 R .4 (xtended pattern matching features described abo)-.15 F .7 -.15(ve u) --.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 480 Q -F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 492 Q F0 2.473(If set,)184 504 R -F1($)4.973 E F0<08>A F4(string)A F0 4.973<0861>C(nd)-4.973 E F1($)4.973 -E F0(")A F4(string)A F0 4.973("q)C 2.473(uoting is performed within) --4.973 F F1(${)4.973 E F4(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)4.973 G -(pansions).15 E(enclosed in double quotes.)184 516 Q -(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 528 Q F0 -1.424(If set, patterns which f)184 528 R 1.425 -(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F 1.425 -(xpansion result in an)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 540 S(pansion error).15 E(.) --.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 552 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.937(If set, the suf)184 564 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the) --.15 F F2(FIGNORE)3.436 E F0 .936(shell v)3.186 F .936(ariable cause w) --.25 F .936(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 576 R .32 -(ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G .32 -(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 2.948 -(pletions. See)184 588 R F2 .448(SHELL V)2.948 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0 -(abo)2.698 E .748 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .448(or a description of).15 F F2 -(FIGNORE)2.947 E F3(.)A F0 .447(This option is)4.947 F(enabled by def) -184 600 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globasciiranges)144 612 Q F0 2.518 -(If set, range e)184 624 R 2.519 -(xpressions used in pattern matching brack)-.15 F 2.519(et e)-.1 F 2.519 -(xpressions \(see)-.15 F F2 -.09(Pa)5.019 G(tter).09 E(n)-.135 E -(Matching)184 636 Q F0(abo)2.965 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.215(\)b).15 G(eha) --3.215 E 1.015 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.214(si).15 G 3.214(fi)-3.214 G 3.214 -(nt)-3.214 G .714(he traditional C locale when performing comparisons.) --3.214 F 1.02(That is, the current locale')184 648 R 3.52(sc)-.55 G 1.02 -(ollating sequence is not tak)-3.52 F 1.02(en into account, so)-.1 F F1 -(b)3.52 E F0 1.02(will not)3.52 F .957(collate between)184 660 R F1(A) -3.457 E F0(and)3.457 E F1(B)3.457 E F0 3.457(,a)C .957(nd upper)-3.457 F -.957(-case and lo)-.2 F(wer)-.25 E .956 -(-case ASCII characters will collate)-.2 F(together)184 672 Q(.)-.55 E -F1(globstar)144 684 Q F0 .518(If set, the pattern)184 684 R F1(**)3.018 -E F0 .519(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F .519 -(xt will match all \214les and zero)-.15 F .432 -(or more directories and subdirectories.)184 696 R .431 -(If the pattern is follo)5.432 F .431(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)2.931 E F0 -2.931(,o)C .431(nly directories)-2.931 F(and subdirectories match.)184 -708 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(70)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 708 Q +F0(are enabled.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(70) +199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 71 71 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(gnu_errfmt)144 84 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are written in t\ -he standard GNU error message format.)184 96 Q F1(histappend)144 108 Q -F0 .676 +SF(extquote)144 84 Q F0 2.473(If set,)184 96 R F1($)4.973 E F0<08>A/F2 +10/Times-Italic@0 SF(string)A F0 4.973<0861>C(nd)-4.973 E F1($)4.973 E +F0(")A F2(string)A F0 4.973("q)C 2.473(uoting is performed within)-4.973 +F F1(${)4.973 E F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)4.973 G +(pansions).15 E(enclosed in double quotes.)184 108 Q +(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 120 Q F0 +1.425(If set, patterns which f)184 120 R 1.425 +(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F 1.424 +(xpansion result in an)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 132 S(pansion error).15 E(.) +-.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 144 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 +.936(If set, the suf)184 156 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the) +-.15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(FIGNORE)3.436 E F0 .936(shell v)3.186 F .936 +(ariable cause w)-.25 F .937(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32 +(when performing w)184 168 R .32(ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G .32(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32 +(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 2.947(pletions. See)184 180 R F3 +.447(SHELL V)2.947 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0(abo)2.697 E .747 -.15(ve f) +-.15 H .448(or a description of).15 F F3(FIGNORE)2.948 E/F4 9 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .448(This option is)4.948 F(enabled by def)184 +192 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globasciiranges)144 204 Q F0 2.519(If set, range e) +184 216 R 2.519(xpressions used in pattern matching brack)-.15 F 2.518 +(et e)-.1 F 2.518(xpressions \(see)-.15 F F3 -.09(Pa)5.018 G(tter).09 E +(n)-.135 E(Matching)184 228 Q F0(abo)2.964 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.214(\)b) +.15 G(eha)-3.214 E 1.014 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.214(si).15 G 3.214(fi)-3.214 +G 3.214(nt)-3.214 G .714 +(he traditional C locale when performing comparisons.)-3.214 F 1.02 +(That is, the current locale')184 240 R 3.52(sc)-.55 G 1.02 +(ollating sequence is not tak)-3.52 F 1.02(en into account, so)-.1 F F1 +(b)3.52 E F0 1.02(will not)3.52 F .956(collate between)184 252 R F1(A) +3.456 E F0(and)3.456 E F1(B)3.456 E F0 3.457(,a)C .957(nd upper)-3.457 F +.957(-case and lo)-.2 F(wer)-.25 E .957 +(-case ASCII characters will collate)-.2 F(together)184 264 Q(.)-.55 E +F1(globstar)144 276 Q F0 .519(If set, the pattern)184 276 R F1(**)3.019 +E F0 .519(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F .518 +(xt will match all \214les and zero)-.15 F .431 +(or more directories and subdirectories.)184 288 R .431 +(If the pattern is follo)5.431 F .432(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)2.932 E F0 +2.932(,o)C .432(nly directories)-2.932 F(and subdirectories match.)184 +300 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 312 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are writt\ +en in the standard GNU error message format.)184 324 Q F1(histappend)144 +336 Q F0 .676 (If set, the history list is appended to the \214le named by the v)184 -120 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTFILE)3.177 E F0 --.25(va)2.927 G(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 132 Q -(xits, rather than o)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1 -(histr)144 144 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 .576(If set, and)184 156 R F1 -.18(re) -3.076 G(adline).18 E F0 .575(is being used, a user is gi)3.076 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .575(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F -.575(ailed his-)-.1 F(tory substitution.)184 168 Q F1(histv)144 180 Q -(erify)-.1 E F0 .402(If set, and)184 192 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 -E F0 .403 +348 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F F3(HISTFILE)3.176 E F0 -.25(va)2.926 G +(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 360 Q(xits, rather than o)-.15 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 372 Q(eedit)-.18 +E F0 .575(If set, and)184 384 R F1 -.18(re)3.075 G(adline).18 E F0 .575 +(is being used, a user is gi)3.075 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .576 +(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F .576(ailed his-)-.1 F +(tory substitution.)184 396 Q F1(histv)144 408 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .403 +(If set, and)184 420 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403 (is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately) -2.903 F .662(passed to the shell parser)184 204 R 5.662(.I)-.55 G .661 -(nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.662 F F1 -.18(re)3.161 -G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.161 E -.2(bu)184 216 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E +2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 432 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662 +(nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.661 F F1 -.18(re)3.162 +G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 444 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E 2.5(,a)-.4 G(llo)-2.5 E(wing further modi\214cation.)-.25 E F1 -(hostcomplete)144 228 Q F0 1.181(If set, and)184 240 R F1 -.18(re)3.681 -G(adline).18 E F0 1.181(is being used,)3.681 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.182 -(will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.682 F 1.381(when a w)184 -252 R 1.381(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 -(is being completed \(see)3.881 F F1(Completing)3.88 E F0(under)3.88 E -F2(READLINE)3.88 E F0(abo)184 264 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F -(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 276 Q F0(If set,) -184 288 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F2(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 +(hostcomplete)144 456 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 468 R F1 -.18(re)3.682 +G(adline).18 E F0 1.182(is being used,)3.682 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.181 +(will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.681 F 1.38(when a w)184 +480 R 1.38(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 +(is being completed \(see)3.881 F F1(Completing)3.881 E F0(under)3.881 E +F3(READLINE)3.881 E F0(abo)184 492 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F +(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 504 Q F0(If set,) +184 516 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F3(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 (to all jobs when an interacti)2.25 E .3 -.15(ve l)-.25 H(ogin shell e) -.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(interacti)144 300 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 -.33(If set, allo)184 312 R 2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33 +.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(interacti)144 528 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 +.33(If set, allo)184 540 R 2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33 (ginning with)-.15 F F1(#)2.83 E F0 .33(to cause that w)2.83 F .33 (ord and all remaining characters on)-.1 F .967 -(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 324 R 1.267 -.15(ve s)-.25 -H .967(hell \(see).15 F F2(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0(abo)3.217 E -.15(ve)-.15 -G 3.467(\). This).15 F .967(option is)3.467 F(enabled by def)184 336 Q -(ault.)-.1 E F1(lastpipe)144 348 Q F0 .066 -(If set, and job control is not acti)184 348 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.566(,t) +(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 552 R 1.267 -.15(ve s)-.25 +H .967(hell \(see).15 F F3(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0(abo)3.217 E -.15(ve)-.15 +G 3.467(\). This).15 F .968(option is)3.468 F(enabled by def)184 564 Q +(ault.)-.1 E F1(lastpipe)144 576 Q F0 .066 +(If set, and job control is not acti)184 576 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.566(,t) .15 G .066(he shell runs the last command of a pipeline not e)-2.566 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cuted in the background in the current shell en) -184 360 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F1(lithist)144 372 Q F0 .655(If set, and the) -184 372 R F1(cmdhist)3.155 E F0 .654 +184 588 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F1(lithist)144 600 Q F0 .654(If set, and the) +184 600 R F1(cmdhist)3.154 E F0 .654 (option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa)3.154 F -.15(ve)-.2 G -3.154(dt).15 G 3.154(ot)-3.154 G .654(he history)-3.154 F -(with embedded ne)184 384 Q +3.155(dt).15 G 3.155(ot)-3.155 G .655(he history)-3.155 F +(with embedded ne)184 612 Q (wlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.)-.25 E F1 -(login_shell)144 396 Q F0 .486 +(login_shell)144 624 Q F0 .486 (The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell \(see)184 -408 R F2(INV)2.987 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.737 E -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.987(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 420 S(lue may not be changed.).25 -E F1(mailwar)144 432 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .815(If set, and a \214le that)184 -444 R F1(bash)3.315 E F0 .814 -(is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.315 F --.1(wa)184 456 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E -(`The mail in)-.74 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mail\214le)2.5 E F0 -(has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i)-.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E F1 -(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 468 Q F0 .324(If set, and)184 480 R F1 -.18 -(re)2.824 G(adline).18 E F0 .324(is being used,)2.824 F F1(bash)2.824 E -F0 .324(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F F2 -.666(PA)2.825 G(TH) --.189 E F0 .325(for possible)2.575 F -(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 492 Q F1 -(nocaseglob)144 504 Q F0 .437(If set,)184 516 R F1(bash)2.937 E F0 .436 -(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.937 F .736 -.15(ve f)-.25 -H .436(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 528 S -(pansion \(see).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.5 G(thname Expansion).1 E F0(abo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 540 Q F0 1.193(If set,)184 -552 R F1(bash)3.693 E F0 1.194(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti) -3.693 F 1.494 -.15(ve f)-.25 H 1.194(ashion when performing matching).05 -F .551(while e)184 564 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)3.051 E F0 -(or)3.051 E F1([[)3.051 E F0 .551 -(conditional commands, when performing pattern substitution)3.051 F -.1 -(wo)184 576 S .622(rd e).1 F .623(xpansions, or when \214ltering possib\ -le completions as part of programmable com-)-.15 F(pletion.)184 588 Q F1 -(nullglob)144 600 Q F0 .855(If set,)184 612 R F1(bash)3.355 E F0(allo) -3.355 E .855(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see)-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa) -3.354 G .854(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.354 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.354 -(\)t).15 G(o)-3.354 E -.15(ex)184 624 S -(pand to a null string, rather than themselv).15 E(es.)-.15 E F1(pr)144 -636 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .676(If set, the programmable completion f)184 -648 R .677(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)3.177 E .677 -(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.177 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E -(are enabled.)184 660 Q(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1 -(pr)144 672 Q(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.448 -(If set, prompt strings under)184 684 R 1.448(go parameter e)-.18 F -1.447(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 696 -S .17(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.67(la).25 G .17 -(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in)-.15 F F2(PR)2.671 E -(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.421 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E -(This option is enabled by def)184 708 Q(ault.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 -Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(71)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +636 R F3(INV)2.986 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.736 E -.15(ve) +-.15 G 2.986(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 648 S(lue may not be changed.).25 +E F1(mailwar)144 660 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .814(If set, and a \214le that)184 +672 R F1(bash)3.314 E F0 .815 +(is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.314 F +-.1(wa)184 684 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E +(`The mail in)-.74 E F2(mail\214le)2.5 E F0(has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i) +-.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E F1(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 696 +Q F0 .325(If set, and)184 708 R F1 -.18(re)2.825 G(adline).18 E F0 .325 +(is being used,)2.825 F F1(bash)2.824 E F0 .324 +(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F F3 -.666(PA)2.824 G(TH)-.189 E +F0 .324(for possible)2.574 F +(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 720 Q +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(71)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 72 72 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF -.18(re)144 84 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 +SF(nocaseglob)144 84 Q F0 .436(If set,)184 96 R F1(bash)2.936 E F0 .436 +(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.936 F .737 -.15(ve f)-.25 +H .437(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 108 S +(pansion \(see).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.5 G(thname Expansion).1 E F0(abo)2.5 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 120 Q F0 1.194(If set,)184 +132 R F1(bash)3.694 E F0 1.194(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti) +3.694 F 1.493 -.15(ve f)-.25 H 1.193(ashion when performing matching).05 +F .551(while e)184 144 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)3.051 E F0 +(or)3.051 E F1([[)3.051 E F0 .551 +(conditional commands, when performing pattern substitution)3.051 F -.1 +(wo)184 156 S .623(rd e).1 F .623(xpansions, or when \214ltering possib\ +le completions as part of programmable com-)-.15 F(pletion.)184 168 Q F1 +(nullglob)144 180 Q F0 .854(If set,)184 192 R F1(bash)3.354 E F0(allo) +3.354 E .855(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see)-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa) +3.355 G .855(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.355 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.355 +(\)t).15 G(o)-3.355 E -.15(ex)184 204 S +(pand to a null string, rather than themselv).15 E(es.)-.15 E F1(pr)144 +216 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .677(If set, the programmable completion f)184 +228 R .677(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)3.176 E .676 +(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.176 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E +(are enabled.)184 240 Q(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1 +(pr)144 252 Q(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.447 +(If set, prompt strings under)184 264 R 1.448(go parameter e)-.18 F +1.448(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 276 +S .171(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.67(la).25 G .17 +(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in)-.15 F/F2 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)2.67 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.42 E -.15(ve)-.15 G +(.).15 E(This option is enabled by def)184 288 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.18(re) +144 300 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 (The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode \(see) -184 96 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 -108 Q 2.86(w\). The)-.25 F -.25(va)2.86 G .36(lue may not be changed.) -.25 F .36(This is not reset when the startup \214les are e)5.36 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cuted, allo)184 120 Q -(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G -(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 E F1(shift_v)144 132 Q -(erbose)-.1 E F0 .502(If set, the)184 144 R F1(shift)3.002 E F0 -.2(bu) -3.002 G .501(iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F -.501(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 156 Q F1 -(sour)144 168 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .77(If set, the)184 180 R F1(sour)3.27 -E(ce)-.18 E F0(\()3.27 E F1(.)A F0 3.27(\)b)C .77(uiltin uses the v) --3.47 F .771(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.271 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .771 -(to \214nd the directory containing the)3.021 F -(\214le supplied as an ar)184 192 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F -(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 204 Q F0 -(If set, the)184 216 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E -(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend) -108 232.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0(])A 1.002(Suspend the e)144 244.8 R --.15(xe)-.15 G 1.002(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 3.501(sa).15 G F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.501(signal. A)3.251 F 1.001 -(login shell cannot be)3.501 F .022(suspended; the)144 256.8 R F1 -2.522 E F0 .022(option can be used to o)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 -(rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .023(The return status is) -5.023 F 2.5(0u)144 268.8 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E +184 312 R F2 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 324 Q 2.86 +(w\). The)-.25 F -.25(va)2.86 G .36(lue may not be changed.).25 F .36 +(This is not reset when the startup \214les are e)5.36 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +(-).15 E(cuted, allo)184 336 Q(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 E +F1(shift_v)144 348 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .501(If set, the)184 360 R F1 +(shift)3.001 E F0 -.2(bu)3.001 G .501 +(iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .502 +(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 372 Q F1(sour) +144 384 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .771(If set, the)184 396 R F1(sour)3.271 E +(ce)-.18 E F0(\()3.271 E F1(.)A F0 3.271(\)b)C .771(uiltin uses the v) +-3.471 F .771(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.27 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .77 +(to \214nd the directory containing the)3.02 F(\214le supplied as an ar) +184 408 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.) +-.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 420 Q F0(If set, the)184 432 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 +-.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 +E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend)108 448.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0(])A 1.001 +(Suspend the e)144 460.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.001 +(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.501(sa).15 G +F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.502(signal. A)3.252 F 1.002(login shell cannot be) +3.502 F .023(suspended; the)144 472.8 R F12.523 E F0 .023 +(option can be used to o)2.523 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 +(rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .022(The return status is) +5.022 F 2.5(0u)144 484.8 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E F12.5 E F0(is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.)2.5 -E F1(test)108 285.6 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([) -108 297.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .878 -(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)144 297.6 R .877 -(alse\) depending on the e)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .877 -(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)144 309.6 +E F1(test)108 501.6 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([) +108 513.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .877 +(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)144 513.6 R .878 +(alse\) depending on the e)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .878 +(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)144 525.6 S(pr).2 E F0 5.53(.E).73 G .53 (ach operator and operand must be a separate ar)-5.53 F 3.03 -(gument. Expressions)-.18 F .53(are composed of the)3.03 F 3.08 -(primaries described abo)144 321.6 R 3.38 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 -(CONDITION)5.58 E 3.079(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A -F1(test)7.579 E F0 3.079(does not accept an)5.579 F(y)-.15 E -(options, nor does it accept and ignore an ar)144 333.6 Q(gument of)-.18 -E F12.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 E .785 -(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 351.6 R .786 -(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 3.412 -(dence. The)144 363.6 R -.25(eva)3.412 G .912 -(luation depends on the number of ar).25 F .911(guments; see belo)-.18 F -4.711 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .911(perator precedence is).65 F -(used when there are \214v)144 375.6 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G -(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 387.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E -F0 -.35(Tr)180 387.6 S(ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 -E(alse.)-.1 E F1(\()144 399.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 -.26(Returns the v)180 399.6 R .26(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 +(gument. Expressions)-.18 F .53(are composed of the)3.03 F 3.079 +(primaries described abo)144 537.6 R 3.379 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E +F2(CONDITION)5.579 E 3.079(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF +(.)A F1(test)7.579 E F0 3.08(does not accept an)5.58 F(y)-.15 E +(options, nor does it accept and ignore an ar)144 549.6 Q(gument of)-.18 +E F12.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 E .786 +(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 567.6 R .785 +(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 3.411 +(dence. The)144 579.6 R -.25(eva)3.411 G .911 +(luation depends on the number of ar).25 F .912(guments; see belo)-.18 F +4.712 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .912(perator precedence is).65 F +(used when there are \214v)144 591.6 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G +(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 603.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E +F0 -.35(Tr)180 603.6 S(ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 +E(alse.)-.1 E F1(\()144 615.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 +.26(Returns the v)180 615.6 R .26(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 5.26(.T)C .26(his may be used to o)-5.26 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26 -(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 411.6 Q F3 -.2 -(ex)144 423.6 S(pr1).2 E F02.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 --.35(Tr)180 435.6 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 -E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 447.6 S +(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 627.6 Q F3 -.2 +(ex)144 639.6 S(pr1).2 E F02.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 +-.35(Tr)180 651.6 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 +E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 663.6 S (pr1).2 E F02.5 E F1(o)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 -459.6 S(ue if either).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F3 -.2 -(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 476.4 Q F0(and)2.5 E +675.6 S(ue if either).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F3 -.2 +(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 692.4 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E (xpressions using a set of rules based on the number of ar)-.15 E -(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 494.4 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) -180 506.4 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 518.4 S -.18 -(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 530.4 Q -(xpression is true if and only if the ar)-.15 E(gument is not null.)-.18 -E 2.5(2a)144 542.4 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) -180 554.4 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 -F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37 -(gument is null.)-.18 F .379(If the \214rst ar)180 566.4 R .38 -(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .68 --.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.88 E(TION)180 578.4 Q .553 -(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 .552(the e)2.802 F .552 -(xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F .552 -(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 590.4 Q -(alid unary conditional operator)-.25 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he e)-2.5 E -(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 602.4 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G -(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 614.4 R .236 -(wing conditions are applied in the order listed.)-.25 F .236 -(If the second ar)5.236 F .236(gument is one of)-.18 F .855 -(the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 626.4 R 1.155 -.15 -(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDITION)3.355 E .855(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F -F4(,)A F0(the)3.104 E .578(result of the e)180 638.4 R .578(xpression i\ -s the result of the binary test using the \214rst and third ar)-.15 F -(guments)-.18 E 1.333(as operands.)180 650.4 R(The)6.333 E F13.833 -E F0(and)3.833 E F13.832 E F0 1.332 -(operators are considered binary operators when there are)3.832 F .558 -(three ar)180 662.4 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 -F .558(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.058 E F0 3.058(,t)C .558(he v)-3.058 F -.558(alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .558(tion of the tw).05 F -(o-ar)-.1 E(gument)-.18 E .521(test using the second and third ar)180 -674.4 R 3.021(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .52 -(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.02 E F0 .52(and the third)3.02 -F(ar)180 686.4 Q .485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))2.985 E F0 -2.985(,t)C .485(he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485 -(gument test of the second ar)-.18 F 2.985(gument. Other)-.18 F(-)-.2 E -(wise, the e)180 698.4 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.4) -72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(72)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +(guments.)-.18 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(72)199.835 +E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 73 73 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 2.5(4a)144 84 S --.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .385(If the \214rst ar)180 96 R .385 -(gument is)-.18 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(!)2.885 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385 -(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .384(tion of the three-ar) -.05 F .384(gument e)-.18 F .384(xpression com-)-.15 F 1.647 -(posed of the remaining ar)180 108 R 4.147(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F -1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.648(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 -G(luated).25 E(according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 -120 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 132 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 -E(guments)-.18 E 1.635(The e)180 144 R 1.635(xpression is parsed and e) --.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.635 -(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F(abo)180 156 -Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 174 Q F1(test)2.5 E F0(or) -2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he)-2.5 E F1(<)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 -E F0(operators sort le)2.5 E(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 -E F1(times)108 190.8 Q F0 1.229(Print the accumulated user and system t\ -imes for the shell and for processes run from the shell.)144 190.8 R -(The return status is 0.)144 202.8 Q F1(trap)108 219.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0 -(])A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .703(The command)144 231.6 R F2(ar) -3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0 .703(is to be read and e)3.423 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702 -(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.202(ss).15 G -(ignal\(s\))-3.202 E F2(sigspec)3.202 E F0 5.702(.I).31 G(f)-5.702 E F2 -(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.422 E .608(absent \(and there is a single) -144 243.6 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F13.108 E +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 2.5(0a)144 84 S +-.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e)180 96 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.) +-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 108 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 120 Q +(xpression is true if and only if the ar)-.15 E(gument is not null.)-.18 +E 2.5(2a)144 132 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar)180 +144 R .37(gument is)-.18 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C +.37(he e)-2.87 F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 +F .37(gument is null.)-.18 F .38(If the \214rst ar)180 156 R .38 +(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .679 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(CONDI-)2.879 E(TION)180 +168 Q .552(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .552 +(the e)2.802 F .552(xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F +.552(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 180 Q +(alid unary conditional operator)-.25 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he e)-2.5 E +(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 192 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G +(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 204 R .236 +(wing conditions are applied in the order listed.)-.25 F .236 +(If the second ar)5.236 F .236(gument is one of)-.18 F .855 +(the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 216 R 1.155 -.15(ve u) +-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDITION)3.355 E .855(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F3(,)A +F0(the)3.105 E .579(result of the e)180 228 R .578(xpression is the res\ +ult of the binary test using the \214rst and third ar)-.15 F(guments) +-.18 E 1.332(as operands.)180 240 R(The)6.332 E F13.832 E F0(and) +3.832 E F13.832 E F0 1.333 +(operators are considered binary operators when there are)3.832 F .558 +(three ar)180 252 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 F +.558(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.058 E F0 3.058(,t)C .558(he v)-3.058 F .558 +(alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .558(tion of the tw).05 F(o-ar)-.1 +E(gument)-.18 E .52(test using the second and third ar)180 264 R 3.021 +(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .521(gument is e)-.18 F +(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.021 E F0 .521(and the third)3.021 F(ar)180 276 Q +.485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))2.985 E F0 2.985(,t)C .485 +(he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485(gument test of the second ar)-.18 +F 2.985(gument. Other)-.18 F(-)-.2 E(wise, the e)180 288 Q +(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 300 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G +(uments).18 E .384(If the \214rst ar)180 312 R .384(gument is)-.18 F F1 +(!)2.884 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 +G .385(tion of the three-ar).05 F .385(gument e)-.18 F .385 +(xpression com-)-.15 F 1.648(posed of the remaining ar)180 324 R 4.147 +(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F 1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.647 +(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G(luated).25 E +(according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 336 Q -.15(ve) +-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 348 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)-.18 +E 1.635(The e)180 360 R 1.635(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va) +-.25 G 1.635(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F +(abo)180 372 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 390 Q F1(test) +2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he)-2.5 E F1(<)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 +E F1(>)2.5 E F0(operators sort le)2.5 E +(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 E F1(times)108 406.8 Q F0 +1.229(Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and for\ + processes run from the shell.)144 406.8 R(The return status is 0.)144 +418.8 Q F1(trap)108 435.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E +/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F4(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...]) +2.5 E .702(The command)144 447.6 R F4(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0 .702 +(is to be read and e)3.422 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702 +(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.203(ss).15 G +(ignal\(s\))-3.203 E F4(sigspec)3.203 E F0 5.703(.I).31 G(f)-5.703 E F4 +(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.423 E .609(absent \(and there is a single) +144 459.6 R F4(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F13.108 E F0 3.108(,e)C .608 (ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original disposition)-3.108 F -.659(\(the v)144 255.6 R .659(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) --.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .658 -(is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F2(sigspec) -144.34 267.6 Q F0 .58(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in) -3.39 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.081(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.411 E(g)-.37 E -F0 .581(is not present and)3.301 F F13.081 E F0(has)3.081 E 1.215 -(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 279.6 R -F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.214(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.214(If no ar)6.214 -F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 291.6 R F13.36 +.658(\(the v)144 471.6 R .658(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) +-.25 F(If)5.658 E F4(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .659 +(is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F4(sigspec) +144.34 483.6 Q F0 .581 +(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)3.391 F -.2(vo)-.4 G +-.1(ke).2 G 3.08(s. If).1 F F4(ar)3.41 E(g)-.37 E F0 .58 +(is not present and)3.3 F F13.08 E F0(has)3.08 E 1.214 +(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 495.6 R +F4(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.215(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.215(If no ar)6.215 +F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 507.6 R F13.36 E F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F1(trap)3.36 E F0 .86 (prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 2.83 -(signal. The)144 303.6 R F12.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ -to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F 4.31 -(bers. Each)144 315.6 R F2(sigspec)4.65 E F0 1.811 -(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.62 F F2(signal.h)A F0 1.811 -(>, or a signal number)B 6.811(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.811 E -(names are case insensiti)144 327.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E 1.649 -(If a)144 345.6 R F2(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F3(EXIT)4.149 E F0 -1.649(\(0\) the command)3.899 F F2(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e) -4.369 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.648(xit from the shell.) --.15 F 1.648(If a)6.648 F F2(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F3(DEB)144 -357.6 Q(UG)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.167(the command)3.417 F -F2(ar)3.997 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.167(is e)3.887 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167 -(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.168(simple command) -3.667 F F0(,)A F2(for)3.668 E F0(command,)3.668 E F2(case)3.668 E F0 -(com-)3.668 E(mand,)144 369.6 Q F2(select)2.647 E F0 .147(command, e) -2.647 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .147(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)2.647 E F0 .146 -(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.647 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .146 -(cutes in a).15 F .145(shell function \(see)144 381.6 R F3 .145 -(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.645 F F0(abo)2.395 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15 -F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F1(extdeb)2.646 E(ug)-.2 E F0 -.146(option to)2.646 F(the)144 393.6 Q F1(shopt)3.201 E F0 -.2(bu)3.201 -G .7(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)3.2 E -(UG)-.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F2(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E -F3(RETURN)3.2 E F4(,)A F0 .7(the com-)2.95 F(mand)144 405.6 Q F2(ar) -3.473 E(g)-.37 E F0 .643(is e)3.363 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643 +(signal. The)144 519.6 R F12.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ +to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F +4.311(bers. Each)144 531.6 R F4(sigspec)4.651 E F0 1.811 +(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.621 F F4(signal.h)A F0 1.81 +(>, or a signal number)B 6.81(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.81 E +(names are case insensiti)144 543.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E +F2(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E 1.648(If a)144 561.6 R F4 +(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F2(EXIT)4.148 E F0 1.648 +(\(0\) the command)3.898 F F4(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e)4.369 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.649(xit from the shell.)-.15 F +1.649(If a)6.649 F F4(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F2(DEB)144 573.6 Q +(UG)-.09 E F3(,)A F0 1.168(the command)3.418 F F4(ar)3.998 E(g)-.37 E F0 +1.168(is e)3.888 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G(ry).15 E F4 1.167(simple command)3.667 F F0(,)A F4(for)3.667 E F0 +(command,)3.667 E F4(case)3.667 E F0(com-)3.667 E(mand,)144 585.6 Q F4 +(select)2.646 E F0 .146(command, e)2.646 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .146 +(ry arithmetic).15 F F4(for)2.646 E F0 .147 +(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.646 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .147 +(cutes in a).15 F .146(shell function \(see)144 597.6 R F2 .146 +(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.646 F F0(abo)2.396 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15 +F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F1(extdeb)2.645 E(ug)-.2 E F0 +.145(option to)2.645 F(the)144 609.6 Q F1(shopt)3.2 E F0 -.2(bu)3.2 G .7 +(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)3.2 E(UG) +-.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F4(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E F2 +(RETURN)3.2 E F3(,)A F0 .701(the com-)2.951 F(mand)144 621.6 Q F4(ar) +3.474 E(g)-.37 E F0 .644(is e)3.364 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643 (cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.644(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)3.144 E F0(or)3.144 E F1(sour)3.144 E(ce) --.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.144 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 417.6 Q -.15(xe) --.15 G(cuting.).15 E .522(If a)144 435.6 R F2(sigspec)3.362 E F0(is) -3.332 E F3(ERR)3.022 E F4(,)A F0 .522(the command)2.772 F F2(ar)3.352 E +.643(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)3.143 E F0(or)3.143 E F1(sour)3.143 E(ce) +-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.143 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 633.6 Q -.15(xe) +-.15 G(cuting.).15 E .521(If a)144 651.6 R F4(sigspec)3.361 E F0(is) +3.331 E F2(ERR)3.021 E F3(,)A F0 .522(the command)2.771 F F4(ar)3.352 E (g)-.37 E F0 .522(is e)3.242 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .522(cuted whene).15 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 3.022(raap).15 G .521(ipeline \(which may consist of a) +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.022(raap).15 G .522(ipeline \(which may consist of a) -3.022 F .185(single simple command\), a list, or a compound command re\ -turns a non\255zero e)144 447.6 R .185(xit status, subject to)-.15 F -.452(the follo)144 459.6 R .452(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.452 E F3 -(ERR)2.952 E F0 .451(trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451 -(cuted if the f).15 F .451(ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .387 -(mand list immediately follo)144 471.6 R .387(wing a)-.25 F F1(while) -2.887 E F0(or)2.887 E F1(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388 -(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F2(if)2.898 E F0 .388 -(statement, part)4.848 F .778(of a command e)144 483.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +turns a non\255zero e)144 663.6 R .184(xit status, subject to)-.15 F +.451(the follo)144 675.6 R .451(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.451 E F2 +(ERR)2.951 E F0 .451(trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451 +(cuted if the f).15 F .452(ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .388 +(mand list immediately follo)144 687.6 R .388(wing a)-.25 F F1(while) +2.888 E F0(or)2.888 E F1(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388 +(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F4(if)2.897 E F0 .387 +(statement, part)4.847 F .777(of a command e)144 699.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .778(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0 .778 (list e)3.278 F .778(xcept the command follo)-.15 F .778 -(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.277 E F0 -3.277(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.277 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 495.6 R +(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0 +3.278(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.278 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 711.6 R 1.28(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.78(sr)-.55 G 1.28(eturn v) -3.78 F 1.28(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.28(rted using).15 F -F1(!)3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 507.6 Q +F1(!)3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 723.6 Q (yed by the)-.15 E F1(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(\()2.5 E F1A F0 2.5 -(\)o)C(ption.)-2.5 E 1.095 -(Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 -525.6 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662 -(being ignored are reset to their original v)144 537.6 R .662 -(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .662(vironment when one is) --.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 549.6 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an) --.1 E(y)-.15 E F2(sigspec)2.84 E F0(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G -(lid; otherwise).25 E F1(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108 -566.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2 -(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 578.4 S .174 -(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.674(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.674 E F2(name) -3.034 E F0 -.1(wo)2.854 G .173 -(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .173(If the)5.173 F -F1144 590.4 Q F0 .842(option is used,)3.342 F F1(type)3.342 E F0 -.843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F2(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E -F2 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)3.343 E F0 -(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.343 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.343(,o).24 G(r)-3.343 E F2 -(\214le)5.253 E F0(if)3.523 E F2(name)144.36 602.4 Q F0 .087 -(is an alias, shell reserv)2.767 F .087(ed w)-.15 F .087 -(ord, function, b)-.1 F .086(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.086(.I)-.65 G 2.586(ft)-5.086 G(he)-2.586 E F2 -(name)2.946 E F0 .086(is not)2.766 F .118 -(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 614.4 R .118 -(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .119(If the)5.119 F -F12.619 E F0 .119(option is used,)2.619 F F1(type)2.619 E F0 .855 -(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 626.4 R .855 -(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0 -.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .64(mand name, or nothing if)144 -638.4 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .64(type -t name)3.14 F F0 -.1(wo)3.14 G .641 -(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.141 E F0 5.641(.T).18 G(he)-5.641 E F1 -3.141 E F0 .641(option forces a)3.141 F F3 -.666(PA)3.141 G(TH) --.189 E F0 .113(search for each)144 650.4 R F2(name)2.613 E F0 2.613(,e) -C -.15(ve)-2.863 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F5 .113(type -t name)2.613 -F F0 -.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113 -(.I).18 G 2.613(fa)-5.113 G .112(command is hashed,)-.001 F F1 -2.612 E F0(and)144 662.4 Q F13.23 E F0 .73(print the hashed v)3.23 -F .731 -(alue, which is not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 -F F3 -.666(PA)3.231 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .731(If the)5.231 F F1 -144 674.4 Q F0 1.749(option is used,)4.249 F F1(type)4.248 E F0 1.748 -(prints all of the places that contain an e)4.248 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.748 -(cutable named).15 F F2(name)4.248 E F0 6.748(.T).18 G(his)-6.748 E .744 -(includes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 686.4 R F1 -3.244 E F0 .744(option is not also used.)3.244 F .744 -(The table of hashed)5.744 F 1.223(commands is not consulted when using) -144 698.4 R F13.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F13.723 E F0 -1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .325(with the) -144 710.4 R F1(command)2.825 E F0 -.2(bu)2.825 G(iltin.).2 E F1(type) -5.325 E F0 .325(returns true if all of the ar)2.825 F .326 -(guments are found, f)-.18 F .326(alse if an)-.1 F 2.826(ya)-.15 G .326 -(re not)-2.826 F(found.)144 722.4 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6) -149.285 E(73)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +(\)o)C(ption.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(73) +199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 74 74 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(ulimit)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HSabcde\214klmnpqrstuvxPT)A F0([) -2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 96 Q .244 -(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.744(rt).15 G .244 -(he resources a)-2.744 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.095 +(Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 +84 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662 +(being ignored are reset to their original v)144 96 R .662 +(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .661(vironment when one is) +-.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 108 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)-.1 +E(y)-.15 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sigspec)2.84 E F0(is in)2.81 E -.25 +(va)-.4 G(lid; otherwise).25 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(trap)2.5 E F0 +(returns true.)2.5 E F2(type)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255aftpP)A F0(]) +A F1(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 136.8 S +.173(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.673 E F1 +(name)3.033 E F0 -.1(wo)2.853 G .174 +(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .174(If the)5.174 F +F2144 148.8 Q F0 .843(option is used,)3.343 F F2(type)3.343 E F0 +.843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F1(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E +F1 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F1(function)3.343 E F0 +(,).24 E F1 -.2(bu)3.342 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.342(,o).24 G(r)-3.342 E F1 +(\214le)5.252 E F0(if)3.522 E F1(name)144.36 160.8 Q F0 .086 +(is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086 +(ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F1 +(name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119 +(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 172.8 R .118 +(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F +F22.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F2(type)2.618 E F0 .855 +(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 184.8 R .855 +(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F1(name)3.715 E F0 +.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .641(mand name, or nothing if) +144 196.8 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141 +G .641(uld not return).1 F F1(\214le)3.14 E F0 5.64(.T).18 G(he)-5.64 E +F23.14 E F0 .64(option forces a)3.14 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666 +(PA)3.14 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(search for each)144 208.8 R F1(name)2.612 +E F0 2.612(,e)C -.15(ve)-2.862 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F3 .113 +(type -t name)2.613 F F0 -.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F1 +(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I).18 G 2.613(fac)-5.113 G .113 +(ommand is hashed,)-2.613 F F22.613 E F0(and)144 220.8 Q F2 +3.231 E F0 .731(print the hashed v)3.231 F .73 +(alue, which is not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 +F F4 -.666(PA)3.23 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .73(If the) +5.23 F F2144 232.8 Q F0 1.748(option is used,)4.248 F F2(type) +4.248 E F0 1.748(prints all of the places that contain an e)4.248 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 1.748(cutable named).15 F F1(name)4.249 E F0 6.749(.T).18 G +(his)-6.749 E .744(includes aliases and functions, if and only if the) +144 244.8 R F23.244 E F0 .744(option is not also used.)3.244 F +.743(The table of hashed)5.744 F 1.223 +(commands is not consulted when using)144 256.8 R F23.723 E F0 +6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F23.723 E F0 1.223 +(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .326(with the)144 +268.8 R F2(command)2.826 E F0 -.2(bu)2.826 G(iltin.).2 E F2(type)5.326 E +F0 .326(returns true if all of the ar)2.826 F .325(guments are found, f) +-.18 F .325(alse if an)-.1 F 2.825(ya)-.15 G .325(re not)-2.825 F +(found.)144 280.8 Q F2(ulimit)108 297.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 +(\255HSabcde\214klmnpqrstuvxPT)A F0([)2.5 E F1(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 +309.6 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243 +(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 (ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F -.943(that allo)144 108 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F(The) -5.943 E F13.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F13.444 E F0 .944 +.944(that allo)144 321.6 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F +(The)5.944 E F23.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F23.444 E F0 .943 (options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi) -144 120 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208(\ -hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a sof\ -t limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 132 R .425 -(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F12.926 E -F0(nor)2.926 E F12.926 E F0 .426 -(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144 -144 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 +144 333.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208 +(hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\ +ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 345.6 R .426 +(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F22.925 E +F0(nor)2.925 E F22.925 E F0 .425 +(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144 +357.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F1(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 (can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F -.741(of the special v)144 156 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F1 -(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w) +.742(of the special v)144 369.6 R(alues)-.25 E F2(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F2 +(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F2(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w) C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78 -(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 168 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E -5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F2(limit)3.37 E F0 .78 +(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 381.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E +5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F1(limit)3.37 E F0 .78 (is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25 -F .498(resource is printed, unless the)144 180 R F12.999 E F0 .499 -(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .499 +F .499(resource is printed, unless the)144 393.6 R F22.999 E F0 +.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .498 (more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F -(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 192 Q 2.5(alue. Other) --.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1144 204 -Q F0(All current limits are reported)180 204 Q F1144 216 Q F0 -(The maximum sock)180 216 Q(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E F1 -144 228 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)180 228 Q F1 -144 240 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 240 Q 2.5(sd)-.55 G -(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1144 252 Q F0 -(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))180 252 Q F1144 264 Q -F0(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)180 -264 Q F1144 276 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)180 276 -Q F1144 288 Q F0 -(The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated)180 288 Q F1 -144 300 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)180 300 Q(ed into memory) --.1 E F1144 312 Q F0(The maximum resident set size \(man)180 312 Q -2.5(ys)-.15 G(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1144 324 Q -F0 .791(The maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do\ - not allo)180 324 R 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F -(be set\))180 336 Q F1144 348 Q F0 -(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 348 Q F1 -144 360 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues) -180 360 Q F1144 372 Q F0 -(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)180 372 Q F1144 384 Q -F0(The maximum stack size)180 384 Q F1144 396 Q F0 -(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)180 396 Q F1144 408 Q -F0(The maximum number of processes a)180 408 Q -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable to a single user).25 E F1144 420 Q F0 .47 -(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)180 420 R -.25(va)-.2 G .47 -(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 432 -Q F1144 444 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)180 444 Q F1 -144 456 Q F0(The maximum number of pseudoterminals)180 456 Q F1 -144 468 Q F0(The maximum number of threads)180 468 Q(If)144 484.8 -Q F2(limit)3.058 E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .468(n, and the) -.15 F F12.968 E F0 .468(option is not used,)2.968 F F2(limit)2.968 -E F0 .468(is the ne)2.968 F 2.968(wv)-.25 G .468 -(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .044 -(no option is gi)144 496.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .044(n, then).15 F F1 -2.544 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045 -(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .045(xcept for)-.15 F F1 -2.545 E F0 2.545(,w)C .045(hich is)-2.545 F .614(in seconds;)144 -508.8 R F13.114 E F0 3.114(,w)C .614 -(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks; and)-3.114 F F13.114 E F0(,) -A F13.114 E F0(,)A F13.114 E F0(,)A F13.113 E F0(,)A -F13.113 E F0 3.113(,a)C(nd)-3.113 E F13.113 E F0 3.113(,w)C -.613(hich are)-3.113 F .06(unscaled v)144 520.8 R 2.56(alues. The)-.25 F -.06(return status is 0 unless an in)2.56 F -.25(va)-.4 G .06 -(lid option or ar).25 F .06(gument is supplied, or an error)-.18 F -(occurs while setting a ne)144 532.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1 -(umask)108 549.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 -2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2 -(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 561.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0 -5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F2(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2 +(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 405.6 Q 2.5 +(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F2 +144 417.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)180 417.6 Q F2 +144 429.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)180 429.6 Q(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E +(fer size)-.25 E F2144 441.6 Q F0 +(The maximum size of core \214les created)180 441.6 Q F2144 453.6 +Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 453.6 Q 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se) +-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F2144 465.6 Q F0 +(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))180 465.6 Q F2144 +477.6 Q F0 +(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)180 +477.6 Q F2144 489.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)180 +489.6 Q F2144 501.6 Q F0 +(The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated)180 501.6 Q F2 +144 513.6 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)180 513.6 Q +(ed into memory)-.1 E F2144 525.6 Q F0 +(The maximum resident set size \(man)180 525.6 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G +(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F2144 537.6 Q F0 .791(Th\ +e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo) +180 537.6 R 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F +(be set\))180 549.6 Q F2144 561.6 Q F0 +(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 561.6 Q F2 +144 573.6 Q F0 +(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)180 573.6 Q F2 +144 585.6 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)180 585.6 +Q F2144 597.6 Q F0(The maximum stack size)180 597.6 Q F2144 +609.6 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)180 609.6 Q F2 +144 621.6 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)180 621.6 Q -.25 +(va)-.2 G(ilable to a single user).25 E F2144 633.6 Q F0 .47 +(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)180 633.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G .47 +(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 +645.6 Q F2144 657.6 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)180 +657.6 Q F2144 669.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pseudoterminals)180 +669.6 Q F2144 681.6 Q F0(The maximum number of threads)180 681.6 Q +(If)144 698.4 Q F1(limit)3.058 E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +.468(n, and the).15 F F22.968 E F0 .468(option is not used,)2.968 +F F1(limit)2.968 E F0 .468(is the ne)2.968 F 2.968(wv)-.25 G .468 +(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .045 +(no option is gi)144 710.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(n, then).15 F F2 +2.545 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045 +(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .044(xcept for)-.15 F F2 +2.544 E F0 2.544(,w)C .044(hich is)-2.544 F 1.588(in seconds;)144 +722.4 R F24.088 E F0 4.089(,w)C 1.589 +(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks;)-4.089 F F24.089 E F0(,)A F2 +4.089 E F0(,)A F24.089 E F0(,)A F24.089 E F0(,)A F2 +4.089 E F0 4.089(,a)C(nd)-4.089 E F24.089 E F0 4.089(,w)C +1.589(hich are)-4.089 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(74) +199.835 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 75 75 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.439(unscaled v) +144 84 R 1.439(alues; and, when in Posix mode,)-.25 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF3.939 E F0(and)3.939 E F13.939 E F0 3.939(,w)C 1.438 +(hich are in 512-byte increments.)-3.939 F(The)6.438 E .404 +(return status is 0 unless an in)144 96 R -.25(va)-.4 G .404 +(lid option or ar).25 F .404 +(gument is supplied, or an error occurs while setting)-.18 F 2.5(an)144 +108 S .5 -.25(ew l)-2.5 H(imit.).25 E F1(umask)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +A F0 2.5(][)C F1-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 136.8 +R F2(mode)2.7 E F0 5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F2(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2 (gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\ therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\ -pted by)144 573.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 -585.6 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382 +pted by)144 148.8 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 +160.8 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382 (alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F12.882 E F0 .382 (option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547 -(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 597.6 R .547 +(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 172.8 R .547 (ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G (he)-3.047 E F13.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2 -(mode)144.38 609.6 Q F0 .552 +(mode)144.38 184.8 Q F0 .552 (is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232 -F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 621.6 Q +F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 196.8 Q (as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E (gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1 -(unalias)108 638.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 -(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 650.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name) +(unalias)108 213.6 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 +(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 225.6 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name) 4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155 F(If)6.655 E F14.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155 -F(remo)144 662.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E +F(remo)144 237.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E (alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0 -(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 679.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1 +(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 254.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1 (fv)A F0 2.5(][)C-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...]) -2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 691.2 S 3.828(re).15 G(ach)-3.828 E F2(name)3.828 E F0 +2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 266.4 S 3.828(re).15 G(ach)-3.828 E F2(name)3.828 E F0 3.828(,r).18 G(emo)-3.828 E 1.628 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.328 (he corresponding v).15 F 1.327(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.327 (If the)6.327 F F13.827 E F0 1.327(option is gi)3.827 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 1.327(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 703.2 Q F0 1.55 +-.25 G 1.327(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 278.4 Q F0 1.55 (refers to a shell v)4.23 F 1.551(ariable, and that v)-.25 F 1.551 (ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.051(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va) -4.051 G 1.551(riables may not be).25 F 4.642(unset. If)144 715.2 R F1 +4.051 G 1.551(riables may not be).25 F 4.642(unset. If)144 290.4 R F1 4.642 E F0 2.142(is speci\214ed, each)4.642 F F2(name)5.001 E F0 2.141(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is)4.821 -F(remo)144 727.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.537(d. If).15 F(the)2.537 E F1 +F(remo)144 302.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.537(d. If).15 F(the)2.537 E F1 2.537 E F0 .037(option is supplied, and)2.537 F F2(name)2.537 E F0 .037 (is a v)2.537 F .037(ariable with the)-.25 F F2(namer)2.537 E(ef)-.37 E -F0(attrib)2.537 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.537 E F0(will)2.538 E -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(74)198.445 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 75 75 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .492 -(be unset rather than the v)144 84 R .492(ariable it references.)-.25 F -/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF5.492 E F0 .492(has no ef)2.992 F .492 -(fect if the)-.25 F F12.992 E F0 .492(option is supplied.)2.992 F -.492(If no)5.492 F .22(options are supplied, each)144 96 R/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.72 E F0 .22(refers to a v)2.72 F .221 -(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .221(ariable by that name, an)-.25 F -2.721(yf)-.15 G(unc-)-2.721 E 1.189(tion with that name is unset.)144 -108 R 1.189(Each unset v)6.189 F 1.189(ariable or function is remo)-.25 -F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.688(df).15 G 1.188(rom the en)-3.688 F(vironment)-.4 -E 3.205(passed to subsequent commands.)144 120 R 3.206(If an)8.206 F -5.706(yo)-.15 G(f)-5.706 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)5.706 E -(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(RANDOM)5.456 E F4(,)A F3 -(SECONDS)5.456 E F4(,)A F3(LINENO)144 132 Q F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)4.348 E F4 -(,)A F3(FUNCN)4.348 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)4.348 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A -F0(or)4.348 E F3(DIRST)4.598 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0 2.098 -(are unset, the)4.348 F 4.597(yl)-.15 G 2.097(ose their special)-4.597 F -(properties, e)144 144 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he) --2.5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re subsequently reset.)-2.5 E(The e)5 E -(xit status is true unless a)-.15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is readonly)2.68 E -(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 160.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 2.5(][)C F2 2.5 -(n.)-2.5 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 172.8 S .026(it for each speci\ -\214ed child process and return its termination status.).8 F(Each)5.027 -E F2(n)2.887 E F0 .027(may be a process ID)2.767 F .256 -(or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 184.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 +F0(attrib)2.537 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.537 E F0(will)2.538 E .492 +(be unset rather than the v)144 314.4 R .492(ariable it references.)-.25 +F F15.492 E F0 .492(has no ef)2.992 F .492(fect if the)-.25 F F1 +2.992 E F0 .492(option is supplied.)2.992 F .492(If no)5.492 F .22 +(options are supplied, each)144 326.4 R F2(name)2.72 E F0 .22 +(refers to a v)2.72 F .221(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .221 +(ariable by that name, an)-.25 F 2.721(yf)-.15 G(unc-)-2.721 E 1.189 +(tion with that name is unset.)144 338.4 R 1.189(Each unset v)6.189 F +1.189(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.688(df).15 G +1.188(rom the en)-3.688 F(vironment)-.4 E 3.205 +(passed to subsequent commands.)144 350.4 R 3.206(If an)8.206 F 5.706 +(yo)-.15 G(f)-5.706 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)5.706 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 +E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(RANDOM)5.456 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)5.456 E +F4(,)A F3(LINENO)144 362.4 Q F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)4.348 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN) +4.348 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)4.348 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)4.348 E +F3(DIRST)4.598 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0 2.098(are unset, the)4.348 +F 4.597(yl)-.15 G 2.097(ose their special)-4.597 F(properties, e)144 +374.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he)-2.5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 +G(re subsequently reset.)-2.5 E(The e)5 E(xit status is true unless a) +-.15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 391.2 Q +F0([)2.5 E F1A F0 2.5(][)C F2 2.5(n.)-2.5 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8 +(Wa)144 403.2 S .026(it for each speci\214ed child process and return i\ +ts termination status.).8 F(Each)5.027 E F2(n)2.887 E F0 .027 +(may be a process ID)2.767 F .256 +(or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 415.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .256(n, all processes in that job').15 F 2.756(sp)-.55 G .256 (ipeline are w)-2.756 F .256(aited for)-.1 F 5.256(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.256 E -F2(n)3.116 E F0 .317(is not gi)144 196.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .317 +F2(n)3.116 E F0 .317(is not gi)144 427.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .317 (n, all currently acti).15 F .618 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .318 (hild processes are w).15 F .318(aited for)-.1 F 2.818(,a)-.4 G .318 (nd the return status is zero.)-2.818 F .318(If the)5.318 F F1144 -208.8 Q F0 .362(option is supplied,)2.862 F F1(wait)2.862 E F0 -.1(wa) +439.2 Q F0 .362(option is supplied,)2.862 F F1(wait)2.862 E F0 -.1(wa) 2.862 G .362(its for an).1 F 2.862(yj)-.15 G .362 (ob to terminate and returns its e)-2.862 F .361(xit status.)-.15 F(If) -5.361 E F2(n)3.221 E F0(speci\214es)3.101 E 2.595(an)144 220.8 S(on-e) +5.361 E F2(n)3.221 E F0(speci\214es)3.101 E 2.595(an)144 451.2 S(on-e) -2.595 E .095(xistent process or job, the return status is 127.)-.15 F .096(Otherwise, the return status is the e)5.095 F .096(xit status)-.15 -F(of the last process or job w)144 232.8 Q(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E/F5 -10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(RESTRICTED SHELL)72 249.6 Q F0(If)108 261.6 Q F1 -(bash)4.397 E F0 1.897(is started with the name)4.397 F F1(rbash)4.397 E -F0 4.397(,o)C 4.397(rt)-4.397 G(he)-4.397 E F14.397 E F0 1.896 +F(of the last process or job w)144 463.2 Q(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E/F5 +10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(RESTRICTED SHELL)72 480 Q F0(If)108 492 Q F1(bash) +4.397 E F0 1.897(is started with the name)4.397 F F1(rbash)4.397 E F0 +4.397(,o)C 4.397(rt)-4.397 G(he)-4.397 E F14.397 E F0 1.896 (option is supplied at in)4.397 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.896 -(cation, the shell becomes).2 F 3.445(restricted. A)108 273.6 R .945 +(cation, the shell becomes).2 F 3.445(restricted. A)108 504 R .945 (restricted shell is used to set up an en)3.445 F .946 (vironment more controlled than the standard shell.)-.4 F(It)5.946 E -(beha)108 285.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(si).15 G(dentically to)-2.5 E F1 -(bash)2.5 E F0(with the e)2.5 E(xception that the follo)-.15 E -(wing are disallo)-.25 E(wed or not performed:)-.25 E<83>108 302.4 Q -(changing directories with)144 302.4 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0<83>108 319.2 Q -(setting or unsetting the v)144 319.2 Q(alues of)-.25 E F3(SHELL)2.5 E +(beha)108 516 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(si).15 G(dentically to)-2.5 E F1(bash) +2.5 E F0(with the e)2.5 E(xception that the follo)-.15 E +(wing are disallo)-.25 E(wed or not performed:)-.25 E<83>108 532.8 Q +(changing directories with)144 532.8 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0<83>108 549.6 Q +(setting or unsetting the v)144 549.6 Q(alues of)-.25 E F3(SHELL)2.5 E F4(,)A F3 -.666(PA)2.25 G(TH)-.189 E F4(,)A F3(ENV)2.25 E F4(,)A F0(or) -2.25 E F3 -.27(BA)2.5 G(SH_ENV).27 E F0<83>108 336 Q -(specifying command names containing)144 336 Q F1(/)2.5 E F0<83>108 -352.8 Q(specifying a \214lename containing a)144 352.8 Q F1(/)2.5 E F0 +2.25 E F3 -.27(BA)2.5 G(SH_ENV).27 E F0<83>108 566.4 Q +(specifying command names containing)144 566.4 Q F1(/)2.5 E F0<83>108 +583.2 Q(specifying a \214lename containing a)144 583.2 Q F1(/)2.5 E F0 (as an ar)2.5 E(gument to the)-.18 E F1(.)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)5 G -(iltin command).2 E<83>108 369.6 Q .45 -(specifying a \214lename containing a slash as an ar)144 369.6 R .449 +(iltin command).2 E<83>108 600 Q .45 +(specifying a \214lename containing a slash as an ar)144 600 R .449 (gument to the)-.18 F F12.949 E F0 .449(option to the)2.949 F F1 -(hash)2.949 E F0 -.2(bu)2.949 G .449(iltin com-).2 F(mand)144 381.6 Q -<83>108 398.4 Q(importing function de\214nitions from the shell en)144 -398.4 Q(vironment at startup)-.4 E<83>108 415.2 Q(parsing the v)144 -415.2 Q(alue of)-.25 E F3(SHELLOPTS)2.5 E F0(from the shell en)2.25 E -(vironment at startup)-.4 E<83>108 432 Q(redirecting output using the >\ -, >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirection operators)144 432 Q<83>108 448.8 Q -(using the)144 448.8 Q F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G -(iltin command to replace the shell with another command).2 E<83>108 -465.6 Q(adding or deleting b)144 465.6 Q(uiltin commands with the)-.2 E -F12.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F1 -(enable)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command).2 E<83>108 482.4 Q -(using the)144 482.4 Q F1(enable)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G -(iltin command to enable disabled shell b).2 E(uiltins)-.2 E<83>108 -499.2 Q(specifying the)144 499.2 Q F12.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 E -F1(command)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command).2 E<83>108 516 Q -(turning of)144 516 Q 2.5(fr)-.25 G(estricted mode with)-2.5 E F1 -(set +r)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(set +o r)2.5 E(estricted)-.18 E F0(.)A -(These restrictions are enforced after an)108 532.8 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G -(tartup \214les are read.)-2.5 E 1.566 -(When a command that is found to be a shell script is e)108 549.6 R -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.567(cuted \(see).15 F F3 1.567(COMMAND EXECUTION)4.067 F F0 -(abo)3.817 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\),).15 E F1(rbash)108 561.6 Q F0(turns of) -2.5 E 2.5(fa)-.25 G .3 -.15(ny r)-2.5 H(estrictions in the shell spa).15 -E(wned to e)-.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute the script.).15 E F5(SEE ALSO)72 -578.4 Q F2(Bash Refer)108 590.4 Q(ence Manual)-.37 E F0 2.5(,B)C(rian F) --2.5 E(ox and Chet Rame)-.15 E(y)-.15 E F2(The Gnu Readline Libr)108 -602.4 Q(ary)-.15 E F0 2.5(,B)C(rian F)-2.5 E(ox and Chet Rame)-.15 E(y) --.15 E F2(The Gnu History Libr)108 614.4 Q(ary)-.15 E F0 2.5(,B)C -(rian F)-2.5 E(ox and Chet Rame)-.15 E(y)-.15 E F2 -.8(Po)108 626.4 S -(rtable Oper).8 E(ating System Interface \(POSIX\) P)-.15 E -(art 2: Shell and Utilities)-.8 E F0 2.5(,I)C(EEE --)-2.5 E -(http://pubs.opengroup.or)144 638.4 Q(g/onlinepubs/9699919799/)-.18 E -(http://tiswww)108 650.4 Q -(.case.edu/~chet/bash/POSIX -- a description of posix mode)-.65 E F2(sh) -108 662.4 Q F0(\(1\),)A F2(ksh)2.5 E F0(\(1\),)A F2(csh)2.5 E F0(\(1\))A -F2(emacs)108 674.4 Q F0(\(1\),)A F2(vi)2.5 E F0(\(1\))A F2 -.37(re)108 -686.4 S(adline).37 E F0(\(3\))A F5(FILES)72 703.2 Q F0(GNU Bash 4.4)72 -768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E(75)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +(hash)2.949 E F0 -.2(bu)2.949 G .449(iltin com-).2 F(mand)144 612 Q<83> +108 628.8 Q(importing function de\214nitions from the shell en)144 628.8 +Q(vironment at startup)-.4 E<83>108 645.6 Q(parsing the v)144 645.6 Q +(alue of)-.25 E F3(SHELLOPTS)2.5 E F0(from the shell en)2.25 E +(vironment at startup)-.4 E<83>108 662.4 Q(redirecting output using the\ + >, >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirection operators)144 662.4 Q<83>108 +679.2 Q(using the)144 679.2 Q F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(iltin command to replace the shell with another command).2 E<83>108 696 +Q(adding or deleting b)144 696 Q(uiltin commands with the)-.2 E F1 +2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F12.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F1(enable)2.5 E +F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command).2 E<83>108 712.8 Q(using the)144 712.8 Q +F1(enable)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(iltin command to enable disabled shell b).2 E(uiltins)-.2 E +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(75)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 76 76 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(/bin/bash)109.666 84 Q F0(The)144 96 Q/F2 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)2.5 E F0 -.15(exe)2.5 G(cutable).15 E F1(/etc/pr) -109.666 108 Q(o\214le)-.45 E F0(The systemwide initialization \214le, e) -144 120 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted for login shells).15 E F1(~/.bash_pr) -109.666 132 Q(o\214le)-.45 E F0(The personal initialization \214le, e) -144 144 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted for login shells).15 E F1(~/.bashr) -109.666 156 Q(c)-.37 E F0(The indi)144 168 Q(vidual per)-.25 E -(-interacti)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(-shell startup \214le).15 E F1 -(~/.bash_lo)109.666 180 Q(gout)-.1 E F0(The indi)144 192 Q -(vidual login shell cleanup \214le, e)-.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuted when a login shell e).15 E(xits)-.15 E F1(~/.inputr)109.666 204 Q -(c)-.37 E F0(Indi)144 216 Q(vidual)-.25 E F1 -.37(re)2.5 G(adline).37 E -F0(initialization \214le)2.5 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF -.548(AU)72 -232.8 S(THORS).548 E F0(Brian F)108 244.8 Q(ox, Free Softw)-.15 E(are F) --.1 E(oundation)-.15 E(bfox@gnu.or)108 256.8 Q(g)-.18 E(Chet Rame)108 -273.6 Q 1.3 -.65(y, C)-.15 H(ase W).65 E(estern Reserv)-.8 E 2.5(eU)-.15 -G(ni)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E(chet.rame)108 285.6 Q(y@case.edu) --.15 E F3 -.11(BU)72 302.4 S 2.738(GR).11 G(EPOR)-2.738 E(TS)-.438 E F0 -.568(If you \214nd a b)108 314.4 R .568(ug in)-.2 F F2(bash,)3.068 E F0 -.568(you should report it.)3.068 F .568(But \214rst, you should mak) -5.568 F 3.068(es)-.1 G .568(ure that it really is a b)-3.068 F .567 -(ug, and)-.2 F 5.625(that it appears in the latest v)108 326.4 R 5.625 -(ersion of)-.15 F F2(bash)8.125 E F0 10.625(.T)C 5.625(he latest v) --10.625 F 5.626(ersion is al)-.15 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 5.626(ys a).1 F -.25 -(va)-.2 G 5.626(ilable from).25 F F1(ftp://ftp.gnu.or)108 338.4 Q -(g/pub/gnu/bash/)-.37 E F0(.)A .411(Once you ha)108 355.2 R .711 -.15 -(ve d)-.2 H .411(etermined that a b).15 F .411(ug actually e)-.2 F .411 -(xists, use the)-.15 F F1(bashb)3.18 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .41 -(command to submit a b)3.13 F .41(ug report.)-.2 F(If)5.41 E .594 -(you ha)108 367.2 R .894 -.15(ve a \214)-.2 H .595 -(x, you are encouraged to mail that as well!).15 F .595 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E<83>108 84 Q +(specifying the)144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF2.5 E F0 +(option to the)2.5 E F1(command)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command).2 E +<83>108 100.8 Q(turning of)144 100.8 Q 2.5(fr)-.25 G +(estricted mode with)-2.5 E F1(set +r)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(set +o r)2.5 +E(estricted)-.18 E F0(.)A(These restrictions are enforced after an)108 +117.6 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(tartup \214les are read.)-2.5 E 1.566 +(When a command that is found to be a shell script is e)108 134.4 R -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 1.567(cuted \(see).15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.567 +(COMMAND EXECUTION)4.067 F F0(abo)3.817 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\),).15 E F1 +(rbash)108 146.4 Q F0(turns of)2.5 E 2.5(fa)-.25 G .3 -.15(ny r)-2.5 H +(estrictions in the shell spa).15 E(wned to e)-.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cute the script.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 163.2 Q/F4 +10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Bash Refer)108 175.2 Q(ence Manual)-.37 E F0 2.5 +(,B)C(rian F)-2.5 E(ox and Chet Rame)-.15 E(y)-.15 E F4 +(The Gnu Readline Libr)108 187.2 Q(ary)-.15 E F0 2.5(,B)C(rian F)-2.5 E +(ox and Chet Rame)-.15 E(y)-.15 E F4(The Gnu History Libr)108 199.2 Q +(ary)-.15 E F0 2.5(,B)C(rian F)-2.5 E(ox and Chet Rame)-.15 E(y)-.15 E +F4 -.8(Po)108 211.2 S(rtable Oper).8 E +(ating System Interface \(POSIX\) P)-.15 E(art 2: Shell and Utilities) +-.8 E F0 2.5(,I)C(EEE --)-2.5 E(http://pubs.opengroup.or)144 223.2 Q +(g/onlinepubs/9699919799/)-.18 E(http://tiswww)108 235.2 Q +(.case.edu/~chet/bash/POSIX -- a description of posix mode)-.65 E F4(sh) +108 247.2 Q F0(\(1\),)A F4(ksh)2.5 E F0(\(1\),)A F4(csh)2.5 E F0(\(1\))A +F4(emacs)108 259.2 Q F0(\(1\),)A F4(vi)2.5 E F0(\(1\))A F4 -.37(re)108 +271.2 S(adline).37 E F0(\(3\))A F3(FILES)72 288 Q F4(/bin/bash)109.666 +300 Q F0(The)144 312 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 -.15(exe)2.5 G(cutable).15 E F4 +(/etc/pr)109.666 324 Q(o\214le)-.45 E F0 +(The systemwide initialization \214le, e)144 336 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuted for login shells).15 E F4(~/.bash_pr)109.666 348 Q(o\214le)-.45 E +F0(The personal initialization \214le, e)144 360 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuted for login shells).15 E F4(~/.bashr)109.666 372 Q(c)-.37 E F0 +(The indi)144 384 Q(vidual per)-.25 E(-interacti)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(-shell startup \214le).15 E F4(~/.bash_lo)109.666 396 Q(gout)-.1 E F0 +(The indi)144 408 Q(vidual login shell cleanup \214le, e)-.25 E -.15(xe) +-.15 G(cuted when a login shell e).15 E(xits)-.15 E F4(~/.inputr)109.666 +420 Q(c)-.37 E F0(Indi)144 432 Q(vidual)-.25 E F4 -.37(re)2.5 G(adline) +.37 E F0(initialization \214le)2.5 E F3 -.548(AU)72 448.8 S(THORS).548 E +F0(Brian F)108 460.8 Q(ox, Free Softw)-.15 E(are F)-.1 E(oundation)-.15 +E(bfox@gnu.or)108 472.8 Q(g)-.18 E(Chet Rame)108 489.6 Q 1.3 -.65(y, C) +-.15 H(ase W).65 E(estern Reserv)-.8 E 2.5(eU)-.15 G(ni)-2.5 E -.15(ve) +-.25 G(rsity).15 E(chet.rame)108 501.6 Q(y@case.edu)-.15 E F3 -.11(BU)72 +518.4 S 2.738(GR).11 G(EPOR)-2.738 E(TS)-.438 E F0 .568 +(If you \214nd a b)108 530.4 R .568(ug in)-.2 F F1(bash,)3.068 E F0 .568 +(you should report it.)3.068 F .568(But \214rst, you should mak)5.568 F +3.068(es)-.1 G .568(ure that it really is a b)-3.068 F .567(ug, and)-.2 +F 5.625(that it appears in the latest v)108 542.4 R 5.625(ersion of)-.15 +F F1(bash)8.125 E F0 10.625(.T)C 5.625(he latest v)-10.625 F 5.626 +(ersion is al)-.15 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 5.626(ys a).1 F -.25(va)-.2 G 5.626 +(ilable from).25 F F4(ftp://ftp.gnu.or)108 554.4 Q(g/pub/gnu/bash/)-.37 +E F0(.)A .411(Once you ha)108 571.2 R .711 -.15(ve d)-.2 H .411 +(etermined that a b).15 F .411(ug actually e)-.2 F .411(xists, use the) +-.15 F F4(bashb)3.18 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .41(command to submit a b)3.13 F .41 +(ug report.)-.2 F(If)5.41 E .594(you ha)108 583.2 R .894 -.15(ve a \214) +-.2 H .595(x, you are encouraged to mail that as well!).15 F .595 (Suggestions and `philosophical' b)5.595 F .595(ug reports may)-.2 F -(be mailed to)108 379.2 Q F1 -.2(bu)2.5 G(g-bash@gnu.or).2 E(g)-.37 E F0 -(or posted to the Usenet ne)2.5 E(wsgroup)-.25 E F2(gnu.bash.b)2.5 E(ug) --.2 E F0(.)A(ALL b)108 396 Q(ug reports should include:)-.2 E(The v)108 -412.8 Q(ersion number of)-.15 E F2(bash)2.5 E F0(The hardw)108 424.8 Q -(are and operating system)-.1 E(The compiler used to compile)108 436.8 Q -2.5(Ad)108 448.8 S(escription of the b)-2.5 E(ug beha)-.2 E(viour)-.2 E -2.5(As)108 460.8 S(hort script or `recipe' which e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(rcises the b).15 E(ug)-.2 E F1(bashb)108.27 477.6 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 +(be mailed to)108 595.2 Q F4 -.2(bu)2.5 G(g-bash@gnu.or).2 E(g)-.37 E F0 +(or posted to the Usenet ne)2.5 E(wsgroup)-.25 E F1(gnu.bash.b)2.5 E(ug) +-.2 E F0(.)A(ALL b)108 612 Q(ug reports should include:)-.2 E(The v)108 +628.8 Q(ersion number of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(The hardw)108 640.8 Q +(are and operating system)-.1 E(The compiler used to compile)108 652.8 Q +2.5(Ad)108 664.8 S(escription of the b)-2.5 E(ug beha)-.2 E(viour)-.2 E +2.5(As)108 676.8 S(hort script or `recipe' which e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(rcises the b).15 E(ug)-.2 E F4(bashb)108.27 693.6 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 (inserts the \214rst three items automatically into the template it pro) 2.72 E(vides for \214ling a b)-.15 E(ug report.)-.2 E(Comments and b)108 -494.4 Q(ug reports concerning this manual page should be directed to)-.2 -E F1 -.15(ch)2.5 G(et.r).15 E(ame)-.15 E(y@case)-.3 E(.edu)-.15 E F0(.) -.25 E F3 -.11(BU)72 511.2 S(GS).11 E F0(It')108 523.2 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G +710.4 Q(ug reports concerning this manual page should be directed to)-.2 +E F4 -.15(ch)2.5 G(et.r).15 E(ame)-.15 E(y@case)-.3 E(.edu)-.15 E F0(.) +.25 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E(76)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 77 77 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10.95 +/Times-Bold@0 SF -.11(BU)72 84 S(GS).11 E F0(It')108 96 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G (oo big and too slo)-2.5 E -.65(w.)-.25 G 1.869 -(There are some subtle dif)108 540 R 1.869(ferences between)-.25 F F2 -(bash)4.369 E F0 1.869(and traditional v)4.369 F 1.869(ersions of)-.15 F -F2(sh)4.368 E F0 4.368(,m)C 1.868(ostly because of the)-4.368 F/F4 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(POSIX)108 552 Q F0(speci\214cation.)2.25 E -(Aliases are confusing in some uses.)108 568.8 Q(Shell b)108 585.6 Q +(There are some subtle dif)108 112.8 R 1.869(ferences between)-.25 F/F2 +10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)4.369 E F0 1.869(and traditional v)4.369 F 1.869 +(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sh)4.368 E F0 4.368(,m)C 1.868 +(ostly because of the)-4.368 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(POSIX)108 124.8 Q F0 +(speci\214cation.)2.25 E(Aliases are confusing in some uses.)108 141.6 Q +(Shell b)108 158.4 Q (uiltin commands and functions are not stoppable/restartable.)-.2 E 1.315(Compound commands and command sequences of the form `a ; b ; c' a\ -re not handled gracefully when)108 602.4 R .39 -(process suspension is attempted.)108 614.4 R .389 +re not handled gracefully when)108 175.2 R .39 +(process suspension is attempted.)108 187.2 R .389 (When a process is stopped, the shell immediately e)5.39 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .389(cutes the ne).15 F .389(xt com-)-.15 F .192 -(mand in the sequence.)108 626.4 R .192(It suf)5.192 F .192(\214ces to \ +(mand in the sequence.)108 199.2 R .192(It suf)5.192 F .192(\214ces to \ place the sequence of commands between parentheses to force it into a) --.25 F(subshell, which may be stopped as a unit.)108 638.4 Q(Array v)108 -655.2 Q(ariables may not \(yet\) be e)-.25 E(xported.)-.15 E -(There may be only one acti)108 672 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H -(oprocess at a time.).15 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 April 6)149.285 E -(76)198.445 E 0 Cg EP +-.25 F(subshell, which may be stopped as a unit.)108 211.2 Q(Array v)108 +228 Q(ariables may not \(yet\) be e)-.25 E(xported.)-.15 E +(There may be only one acti)108 244.8 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H +(oprocess at a time.).15 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2015 June 5)150.675 E +(77)199.835 E 0 Cg EP %%Trailer end %%EOF diff --git a/doc/bashref.bt b/doc/bashref.bt index ee9a4e2ad..00b253e6f 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.bt +++ b/doc/bashref.bt @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ \entry{:}{41}{\code {:}} \entry{.}{41}{\code {.}} -\entry{break}{41}{\code {break}} +\entry{break}{42}{\code {break}} \entry{cd}{42}{\code {cd}} \entry{continue}{42}{\code {continue}} \entry{eval}{42}{\code {eval}} -\entry{exec}{42}{\code {exec}} +\entry{exec}{43}{\code {exec}} \entry{exit}{43}{\code {exit}} \entry{export}{43}{\code {export}} \entry{getopts}{43}{\code {getopts}} diff --git a/doc/bashref.bts b/doc/bashref.bts index 2d858c88b..5e08a91a6 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.bts +++ b/doc/bashref.bts @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ \initial {B} \entry {\code {bg}}{98} \entry {\code {bind}}{48} -\entry {\code {break}}{41} +\entry {\code {break}}{42} \entry {\code {builtin}}{49} \initial {C} \entry {\code {caller}}{50} @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ \entry {\code {echo}}{52} \entry {\code {enable}}{52} \entry {\code {eval}}{42} -\entry {\code {exec}}{42} +\entry {\code {exec}}{43} \entry {\code {exit}}{43} \entry {\code {export}}{43} \initial {F} diff --git a/doc/bashref.log b/doc/bashref.log index f664a488a..00d4606ed 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.log +++ b/doc/bashref.log @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -This is pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.15 (TeX Live 2014/MacPorts 2014_7) (preloaded format=pdfetex 2014.11.4) 6 APR 2015 13:59 +This is pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.15 (TeX Live 2014/MacPorts 2014_8) (preloaded format=pdfetex 2014.11.4) 5 JUN 2015 14:39 entering extended mode restricted \write18 enabled. file:line:error style messages enabled. @@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ arallel -k traceroute[] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] Chapter 4 [40] [41] [42] [43] [44] [45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50] [51] [52] [53] -Overfull \hbox (26.76846pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 4234--4234 +Overfull \hbox (26.76846pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 4240--4240 []@texttt mapfile [-d @textttsl de-lim@texttt ] [-n @textttsl count@texttt ] [ -O @textttsl ori-gin@texttt ] [-s @textttsl count@texttt ] [-t] [-u @textttsl f d@texttt ][] @@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ d@texttt ][] .etc. [54] [55] -Overfull \hbox (38.26584pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 4436--4436 +Overfull \hbox (38.26584pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 4442--4442 []@texttt readarray [-d @textttsl de-lim@texttt ] [-n @textttsl count@texttt ] [-O @textttsl ori-gin@texttt ] [-s @textttsl count@texttt ] [-t] [-u @textttsl fd@texttt ][] @@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ Overfull \hbox (38.26584pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 4436--4436 [56] [57] [58] [59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64] [65] [66] [67] Chapter 5 [68] [69] [70] [71] [72] [73] [74] [75] [76] [77] [78] Chapter 6 [79] -Overfull \hbox (49.43388pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 6081--6081 +Overfull \hbox (49.43388pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 6102--6102 []@texttt bash [long-opt] [-ir] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@t exttt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar- @@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ exttt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar- .etc. -Overfull \hbox (72.42863pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 6082--6082 +Overfull \hbox (72.42863pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 6103--6103 []@texttt bash [long-opt] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@texttt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] -c @textttsl string @texttt [@textttsl ar - @@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ Overfull \hbox (72.42863pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 6082--6082 .etc. -Overfull \hbox (32.18782pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 6083--6083 +Overfull \hbox (32.18782pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 6104--6104 []@texttt bash [long-opt] -s [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @textttsl op-tion@text tt ] [-O @textttsl shopt_option@texttt ] [@textttsl ar- @@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ Appendix D [160] (./bashref.bts) [161] (./bashref.rws) (./bashref.vrs [162] Here is how much of TeX's memory you used: 2745 strings out of 497110 37296 string characters out of 6206872 - 151204 words of memory out of 5000000 + 151701 words of memory out of 5000000 3523 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+600000 32896 words of font info for 113 fonts, out of 8000000 for 9000 51 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191 @@ -405,10 +405,10 @@ i10.pfb> -Output written on bashref.pdf (174 pages, 727272 bytes). +Output written on bashref.pdf (174 pages, 728568 bytes). PDF statistics: - 2542 PDF objects out of 2984 (max. 8388607) - 2324 compressed objects within 24 object streams + 2546 PDF objects out of 2984 (max. 8388607) + 2328 compressed objects within 24 object streams 300 named destinations out of 1000 (max. 500000) 1125 words of extra memory for PDF output out of 10000 (max. 10000000) diff --git a/doc/bashref.pdf b/doc/bashref.pdf index 3b5c0453d..096a09b01 100644 Binary files a/doc/bashref.pdf and b/doc/bashref.pdf differ diff --git a/doc/bashref.texi b/doc/bashref.texi index 73934af00..93ad4a560 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.texi +++ b/doc/bashref.texi @@ -4601,9 +4601,14 @@ When setting new limits, if neither @option{-H} nor @option{-S} is supplied, both the hard and soft limits are set. If no option is given, then @option{-f} is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for @option{-t}, which is in seconds; @option{-p}, -which is in units of 512-byte blocks; and @option{-P}, @option{-T}, +which is in units of 512-byte blocks; +@option{-P}, +@option{-T}, @option{-b}, -@option{-k}, @option{-n} and @option{-u}, which are unscaled values. +@option{-k}, +@option{-n} and @option{-u}, which are unscaled values; +and, when in @sc{posix} Mode (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}), +@option{-c} and @option{-f}, which are in 512-byte increments. The return status is zero unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error occurs while setting a new limit. diff --git a/doc/bashref.vr b/doc/bashref.vr index f87263a58..45b719d02 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.vr +++ b/doc/bashref.vr @@ -62,7 +62,8 @@ \entry{EMACS}{73}{\code {EMACS}} \entry{ENV}{73}{\code {ENV}} \entry{EUID}{73}{\code {EUID}} -\entry{FCEDIT}{73}{\code {FCEDIT}} +\entry{EXECIGNORE}{73}{\code {EXECIGNORE}} +\entry{FCEDIT}{74}{\code {FCEDIT}} \entry{FIGNORE}{74}{\code {FIGNORE}} \entry{FUNCNAME}{74}{\code {FUNCNAME}} \entry{FUNCNEST}{74}{\code {FUNCNEST}} @@ -70,13 +71,13 @@ \entry{GROUPS}{74}{\code {GROUPS}} \entry{histchars}{74}{\code {histchars}} \entry{HISTCMD}{74}{\code {HISTCMD}} -\entry{HISTCONTROL}{74}{\code {HISTCONTROL}} +\entry{HISTCONTROL}{75}{\code {HISTCONTROL}} \entry{HISTFILE}{75}{\code {HISTFILE}} \entry{HISTFILESIZE}{75}{\code {HISTFILESIZE}} \entry{HISTIGNORE}{75}{\code {HISTIGNORE}} \entry{HISTSIZE}{75}{\code {HISTSIZE}} \entry{HISTTIMEFORMAT}{75}{\code {HISTTIMEFORMAT}} -\entry{HOSTFILE}{75}{\code {HOSTFILE}} +\entry{HOSTFILE}{76}{\code {HOSTFILE}} \entry{HOSTNAME}{76}{\code {HOSTNAME}} \entry{HOSTTYPE}{76}{\code {HOSTTYPE}} \entry{IGNOREEOF}{76}{\code {IGNOREEOF}} @@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ \entry{LC_NUMERIC}{76}{\code {LC_NUMERIC}} \entry{LINENO}{76}{\code {LINENO}} \entry{LINES}{76}{\code {LINES}} -\entry{MACHTYPE}{76}{\code {MACHTYPE}} +\entry{MACHTYPE}{77}{\code {MACHTYPE}} \entry{MAILCHECK}{77}{\code {MAILCHECK}} \entry{MAPFILE}{77}{\code {MAPFILE}} \entry{OLDPWD}{77}{\code {OLDPWD}} @@ -102,8 +103,8 @@ \entry{PROMPT_DIRTRIM}{77}{\code {PROMPT_DIRTRIM}} \entry{PS3}{77}{\code {PS3}} \entry{PS4}{77}{\code {PS4}} -\entry{PWD}{77}{\code {PWD}} -\entry{RANDOM}{77}{\code {RANDOM}} +\entry{PWD}{78}{\code {PWD}} +\entry{RANDOM}{78}{\code {RANDOM}} \entry{READLINE_LINE}{78}{\code {READLINE_LINE}} \entry{READLINE_POINT}{78}{\code {READLINE_POINT}} \entry{REPLY}{78}{\code {REPLY}} diff --git a/doc/bashref.vrs b/doc/bashref.vrs index fbb3648f0..c1c36db94 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.vrs +++ b/doc/bashref.vrs @@ -83,9 +83,10 @@ \entry {\code {enable-keypad}}{107} \entry {\code {ENV}}{73} \entry {\code {EUID}}{73} +\entry {\code {EXECIGNORE}}{73} \entry {\code {expand-tilde}}{107} \initial {F} -\entry {\code {FCEDIT}}{73} +\entry {\code {FCEDIT}}{74} \entry {\code {FIGNORE}}{74} \entry {\code {FUNCNAME}}{74} \entry {\code {FUNCNEST}}{74} @@ -95,7 +96,7 @@ \initial {H} \entry {\code {histchars}}{74} \entry {\code {HISTCMD}}{74} -\entry {\code {HISTCONTROL}}{74} +\entry {\code {HISTCONTROL}}{75} \entry {\code {HISTFILE}}{75} \entry {\code {HISTFILESIZE}}{75} \entry {\code {HISTIGNORE}}{75} @@ -105,7 +106,7 @@ \entry {\code {HISTTIMEFORMAT}}{75} \entry {\code {HOME}}{69} \entry {\code {horizontal-scroll-mode}}{107} -\entry {\code {HOSTFILE}}{75} +\entry {\code {HOSTFILE}}{76} \entry {\code {HOSTNAME}}{76} \entry {\code {HOSTTYPE}}{76} \initial {I} @@ -126,7 +127,7 @@ \entry {\code {LINENO}}{76} \entry {\code {LINES}}{76} \initial {M} -\entry {\code {MACHTYPE}}{76} +\entry {\code {MACHTYPE}}{77} \entry {\code {MAIL}}{69} \entry {\code {MAILCHECK}}{77} \entry {\code {MAILPATH}}{69} @@ -155,9 +156,9 @@ \entry {\code {PS2}}{69} \entry {\code {PS3}}{77} \entry {\code {PS4}}{77} -\entry {\code {PWD}}{77} +\entry {\code {PWD}}{78} \initial {R} -\entry {\code {RANDOM}}{77} +\entry {\code {RANDOM}}{78} \entry {\code {READLINE_LINE}}{78} \entry {\code {READLINE_POINT}}{78} \entry {\code {REPLY}}{78} diff --git a/doc/version.texi b/doc/version.texi index afa1e6260..cde1b581f 100644 --- a/doc/version.texi +++ b/doc/version.texi @@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ Copyright (C) 1988-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @end ignore -@set LASTCHANGE Wed May 27 14:56:01 EDT 2015 +@set LASTCHANGE Fri Jun 5 14:34:45 EDT 2015 @set EDITION 4.4 @set VERSION 4.4 -@set UPDATED 27 May 2015 -@set UPDATED-MONTH May 2015 +@set UPDATED 5 June 2015 +@set UPDATED-MONTH June 2015 diff --git a/examples/loadables/Makefile.in b/examples/loadables/Makefile.in index 99549bf36..00c5270b4 100644 --- a/examples/loadables/Makefile.in +++ b/examples/loadables/Makefile.in @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ datarootdir = @datarootdir@ topdir = @top_srcdir@ BUILD_DIR = @BUILD_DIR@ srcdir = @srcdir@ -VPATH = .:@srcdir@ +VPATH = @srcdir@ @SET_MAKE@ CC = @CC@ diff --git a/examples/loadables/perl/Makefile.in b/examples/loadables/perl/Makefile.in index d8860bd4d..59f39b6a0 100644 --- a/examples/loadables/perl/Makefile.in +++ b/examples/loadables/perl/Makefile.in @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ datarootdir = @datarootdir@ topdir = @top_srcdir@ BUILD_DIR = @BUILD_DIR@ srcdir = @srcdir@ -VPATH = .:@srcdir@ +VPATH = @srcdir@ @SET_MAKE@ CC = @CC@ diff --git a/execute_cmd.c b/execute_cmd.c index d0488fe0e..cdfb91775 100644 --- a/execute_cmd.c +++ b/execute_cmd.c @@ -5037,12 +5037,13 @@ execute_disk_command (words, redirects, command_line, pipe_in, pipe_out, int cmdflags; { char *pathname, *command, **args; - int nofork, result; + int nofork, stdpath, result; pid_t pid; SHELL_VAR *hookf; WORD_LIST *wl; - nofork = (cmdflags & CMD_NO_FORK); /* Don't fork, just exec, if no pipes */ + stdpath = (cmdflags & CMD_STDPATH); /* use command -p path */ + nofork = (cmdflags & CMD_NO_FORK); /* Don't fork, just exec, if no pipes */ pathname = words->word->word; result = EXECUTION_SUCCESS; @@ -5063,7 +5064,7 @@ execute_disk_command (words, redirects, command_line, pipe_in, pipe_out, } #endif /* RESTRICTED_SHELL */ - command = search_for_command (pathname, 1); + command = search_for_command (pathname, CMDSRCH_HASH|(stdpath ? CMDSRCH_STDPATH : 0)); if (command) { diff --git a/findcmd.c b/findcmd.c index c4f2d06fb..44c027188 100644 --- a/findcmd.c +++ b/findcmd.c @@ -329,15 +329,17 @@ get_next_path_element (path_list, path_index_pointer) /* Look for PATHNAME in $PATH. Returns either the hashed command corresponding to PATHNAME or the first instance of PATHNAME found - in $PATH. If (FLAGS&1) is non-zero, insert the instance of PATHNAME - found in $PATH into the command hash table. Returns a newly-allocated - string. */ + in $PATH. If (FLAGS&CMDSRCH_HASH) is non-zero, insert the instance of + PATHNAME found in $PATH into the command hash table. If (FLAGS&CMDSRCH_STDPATH) + is non-zero, we are running in a `command -p' environment and should use + the Posix standard path. + Returns a newly-allocated string. */ char * search_for_command (pathname, flags) const char *pathname; int flags; { - char *hashed_file, *command; + char *hashed_file, *command, *pathlist; int temp_path, st; SHELL_VAR *path; @@ -347,13 +349,11 @@ search_for_command (pathname, flags) hash table to search for the full pathname. */ path = find_variable_tempenv ("PATH"); temp_path = path && tempvar_p (path); - if (temp_path == 0 && path) - path = (SHELL_VAR *)NULL; /* Don't waste time trying to find hashed data for a pathname that is already completely specified or if we're using a command- specific value for PATH. */ - if (path == 0 && absolute_program (pathname) == 0) + if (temp_path == 0 && absolute_program (pathname) == 0) hashed_file = phash_search (pathname); /* If a command found in the hash table no longer exists, we need to @@ -379,18 +379,34 @@ search_for_command (pathname, flags) command = savestring (pathname); else { - /* If $PATH is in the temporary environment, we've already retrieved - it, so don't bother trying again. */ - if (temp_path) + if (flags & CMDSRCH_STDPATH) + pathlist = conf_standard_path (); + else if (temp_path || path) + pathlist = value_cell (path); + else + pathlist = 0; + + command = find_user_command_in_path (pathname, pathlist, FS_EXEC_PREFERRED|FS_NODIRS); + + if (command && hashing_enabled && temp_path == 0 && (flags & CMDSRCH_HASH)) { - command = find_user_command_in_path (pathname, value_cell (path), - FS_EXEC_PREFERRED|FS_NODIRS); + /* If we found the full pathname the same as the command name, the + command probably doesn't exist. Don't put it into the hash + table. */ + if (STREQ (command, pathname)) + { + st = file_status (command); + if (st & FS_EXECABLE) + phash_insert ((char *)pathname, command, dot_found_in_search, 1); + } + else + phash_insert ((char *)pathname, command, dot_found_in_search, 1); } - else - command = find_user_command (pathname); - if (command && hashing_enabled && temp_path == 0 && (flags & 1)) - phash_insert ((char *)pathname, command, dot_found_in_search, 1); /* XXX fix const later */ + + if (flags & CMDSRCH_STDPATH) + free (pathlist); } + return (command); } @@ -653,3 +669,14 @@ find_user_command_in_path (name, path_list, flags) return (file_to_lose_on); } + +/* External interface to find a command given a $PATH. Separate from + find_user_command_in_path to allow future customization. */ +char * +find_in_path (name, path_list, flags) + const char *name; + char *path_list; + int flags; +{ + return (find_user_command_in_path (name, path_list, flags)); +} diff --git a/findcmd.h b/findcmd.h index c0f6d781d..bc4a41afb 100644 --- a/findcmd.h +++ b/findcmd.h @@ -23,11 +23,17 @@ #include "stdc.h" +/* Flags for search_for_command */ +#define CMDSRCH_HASH 0x01 +#define CMDSRCH_STDPATH 0x02 +#define CMDSRCH_TEMPENV 0x04 + extern int file_status __P((const char *)); extern int executable_file __P((const char *)); extern int is_directory __P((const char *)); extern int executable_or_directory __P((const char *)); extern char *find_user_command __P((const char *)); +extern char *find_in_path __P((const char *, char *, int)); extern char *find_path_file __P((const char *)); extern char *search_for_command __P((const char *, int)); extern char *user_command_matches __P((const char *, int, int)); diff --git a/general.c b/general.c index 65a29128b..fda210bd5 100644 --- a/general.c +++ b/general.c @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ /* general.c -- Stuff that is used by all files. */ -/* Copyright (C) 1987-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +/* Copyright (C) 1987-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell. @@ -1229,3 +1229,38 @@ get_group_array (ngp) *ngp = ngroups; return group_iarray; } + +/* **************************************************************** */ +/* */ +/* Miscellaneous functions */ +/* */ +/* **************************************************************** */ + +/* Return a value for PATH that is guaranteed to find all of the standard + utilities. This uses Posix.2 configuration variables, if present. It + uses a value defined in config.h as a last resort. */ +char * +conf_standard_path () +{ +#if defined (_CS_PATH) && defined (HAVE_CONFSTR) + char *p; + size_t len; + + len = (size_t)confstr (_CS_PATH, (char *)NULL, (size_t)0); + if (len > 0) + { + p = (char *)xmalloc (len + 2); + *p = '\0'; + confstr (_CS_PATH, p, len); + return (p); + } + else + return (savestring (STANDARD_UTILS_PATH)); +#else /* !_CS_PATH || !HAVE_CONFSTR */ +# if defined (CS_PATH) + return (savestring (CS_PATH)); +# else + return (savestring (STANDARD_UTILS_PATH)); +# endif /* !CS_PATH */ +#endif /* !_CS_PATH || !HAVE_CONFSTR */ +} diff --git a/general.h b/general.h index d34bb3d4a..a4e322d94 100644 --- a/general.h +++ b/general.h @@ -327,4 +327,6 @@ extern int group_member __P((gid_t)); extern char **get_group_list __P((int *)); extern int *get_group_array __P((int *)); +extern char *conf_standard_path __P((void)); + #endif /* _GENERAL_H_ */ diff --git a/lib/doc-support/Makefile.in b/lib/doc-support/Makefile.in index 86007941a..a4205011f 100644 --- a/lib/doc-support/Makefile.in +++ b/lib/doc-support/Makefile.in @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ topdir = @top_srcdir@ srcdir = @srcdir@ -VPATH = .:@srcdir@ +VPATH = @srcdir@ BUILD_DIR = @BUILD_DIR@ CC = @CC@ diff --git a/lib/glob/Makefile.in b/lib/glob/Makefile.in index 12cbb61c2..7af743ade 100644 --- a/lib/glob/Makefile.in +++ b/lib/glob/Makefile.in @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ # along with this program. If not, see . srcdir = @srcdir@ -VPATH = .:@srcdir@ +VPATH = @srcdir@ topdir = @top_srcdir@ BUILD_DIR = @BUILD_DIR@ diff --git a/lib/malloc/Makefile.in b/lib/malloc/Makefile.in index abe0eca0a..0ef3cfd53 100644 --- a/lib/malloc/Makefile.in +++ b/lib/malloc/Makefile.in @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ # along with this program. If not, see . srcdir = @srcdir@ -VPATH = .:@srcdir@ +VPATH = @srcdir@ topdir = @top_srcdir@ BUILD_DIR = @BUILD_DIR@ diff --git a/lib/readline/Makefile.in b/lib/readline/Makefile.in index 8032fd624..1291249d5 100644 --- a/lib/readline/Makefile.in +++ b/lib/readline/Makefile.in @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ PACKAGE_STRING = @PACKAGE_STRING@ PACKAGE_VERSION = @PACKAGE_VERSION@ srcdir = @srcdir@ -VPATH = .:@srcdir@ +VPATH = @srcdir@ topdir = @top_srcdir@ BUILD_DIR = @BUILD_DIR@ diff --git a/lib/readline/histfile.c b/lib/readline/histfile.c index a5af01ec5..8749886b6 100644 --- a/lib/readline/histfile.c +++ b/lib/readline/histfile.c @@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ int history_lines_written_to_file = 0; #define HIST_TIMESTAMP_START(s) (*(s) == history_comment_char && isdigit ((unsigned char)(s)[1]) ) static char *history_backupfile PARAMS((const char *)); +static char *history_tempfile PARAMS((const char *)); static int histfile_backup PARAMS((const char *, const char *)); static int histfile_restore PARAMS((const char *, const char *)); @@ -196,6 +197,46 @@ history_backupfile (filename) return ret; } +static char * +history_tempfile (filename) + const char *filename; +{ + const char *fn; + char *ret, linkbuf[PATH_MAX+1]; + size_t len; + ssize_t n; + struct stat fs; + int pid; + + fn = filename; +#if defined (HAVE_READLINK) + /* Follow symlink so tempfile created in the same directory as any symlinked + history file; call will fail if not a symlink */ + if ((n = readlink (filename, linkbuf, sizeof (linkbuf) - 1)) > 0) + { + linkbuf[n] = '\0'; + fn = linkbuf; + } +#endif + + len = strlen (fn); + ret = xmalloc (len + 11); + strcpy (ret, fn); + + pid = (int)getpid (); + + /* filename-PID.tmp */ + ret[len] = '-'; + ret[len+1] = (pid / 10000 % 10) + '0'; + ret[len+2] = (pid / 1000 % 10) + '0'; + ret[len+3] = (pid / 100 % 10) + '0'; + ret[len+4] = (pid / 10 % 10) + '0'; + ret[len+5] = (pid % 10) + '0'; + strcpy (ret + len + 6, ".tmp"); + + return ret; +} + /* Add the contents of FILENAME to the history list, a line at a time. If FILENAME is NULL, then read from ~/.history. Returns 0 if successful, or errno if not. */ @@ -355,6 +396,8 @@ read_history_range (filename, from, to) return (0); } +/* Save FILENAME to BACK, handling case where FILENAME is a symlink + (e.g., ~/.bash_history -> .histfiles/.bash_history.$HOSTNAME) */ static int histfile_backup (filename, back) const char *filename; @@ -374,6 +417,8 @@ histfile_backup (filename, back) return (rename (filename, back)); } +/* Restore ORIG from BACKUP handling case where ORIG is a symlink + (e.g., ~/.bash_history -> .histfiles/.bash_history.$HOSTNAME) */ static int histfile_restore (backup, orig) const char *backup; @@ -394,14 +439,14 @@ histfile_restore (backup, orig) } /* Truncate the history file FNAME, leaving only LINES trailing lines. - If FNAME is NULL, then use ~/.history. Returns 0 on success, errno - on failure. */ + If FNAME is NULL, then use ~/.history. Writes a new file and renames + it to the original name. Returns 0 on success, errno on failure. */ int history_truncate_file (fname, lines) const char *fname; int lines; { - char *buffer, *filename, *bakname, *bp, *bp1; /* bp1 == bp+1 */ + char *buffer, *filename, *tempname, *bp, *bp1; /* bp1 == bp+1 */ int file, chars_read, rv, orig_lines, exists; struct stat finfo; size_t file_size; @@ -410,7 +455,7 @@ history_truncate_file (fname, lines) buffer = (char *)NULL; filename = history_filename (fname); - bakname = 0; + tempname = 0; file = filename ? open (filename, O_RDONLY|O_BINARY, 0666) : -1; rv = exists = 0; @@ -505,27 +550,13 @@ history_truncate_file (fname, lines) goto truncate_exit; } - bakname = history_backupfile (filename); - if (filename && bakname) - { - /* XXX - need to check case where filename is a symlink */ - if (histfile_backup (filename, bakname) < 0) - { - free (bakname); /* no backups if rename fails */ - bakname = 0; - } - } + tempname = history_tempfile (filename); - if ((file = open (filename, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|O_BINARY, 0600)) != -1) + if ((file = open (tempname, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|O_BINARY, 0600)) != -1) { if (write (file, bp, chars_read - (bp - buffer)) < 0) rv = errno; -#if defined (__BEOS__) - /* BeOS ignores O_TRUNC. */ - ftruncate (file, chars_read - (bp - buffer)); -#endif - if (close (file) < 0 && rv == 0) rv = errno; } @@ -537,13 +568,15 @@ history_truncate_file (fname, lines) history_lines_written_to_file = orig_lines - lines; - if (rv != 0 && filename && bakname) + if (rv == 0 && filename && tempname) + rv = histfile_restore (tempname, filename); + + if (rv != 0) { - histfile_restore (bakname, filename); + if (tempname) + unlink (tempname); history_lines_written_to_file = 0; } - else if (rv == 0 && bakname) - unlink (bakname); /* Make sure the new filename is owned by the same user as the old. If one user is running this, it's a no-op. If the shell is running after sudo @@ -553,7 +586,7 @@ history_truncate_file (fname, lines) chown (filename, finfo.st_uid, finfo.st_gid); xfree (filename); - FREE (bakname); + FREE (tempname); return rv; } @@ -567,7 +600,7 @@ history_do_write (filename, nelements, overwrite) int nelements, overwrite; { register int i; - char *output, *bakname; + char *output, *tempname, *histname; int file, mode, rv, exists; struct stat finfo; #ifdef HISTORY_USE_MMAP @@ -579,26 +612,10 @@ history_do_write (filename, nelements, overwrite) #else mode = overwrite ? O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|O_BINARY : O_WRONLY|O_APPEND|O_BINARY; #endif - output = history_filename (filename); - bakname = (overwrite && output) ? history_backupfile (output) : 0; - exists = output ? (stat (output, &finfo) == 0) : 0; - - /* Don't bother backing up if output doesn't exist yet */ - if (exists == 0 || S_ISREG (finfo.st_mode) == 0) - { - free (bakname); /* no backups if not a regular file */ - bakname = 0; - } - - if (output && bakname) - { - /* XXX - need to check case where output is a symlink */ - if (histfile_backup (output, bakname) < 0) /* no backups if rename fails */ - { - free (bakname); - bakname = 0; - } - } + histname = history_filename (filename); + tempname = (overwrite && histname) ? history_tempfile (histname) : 0; + output = tempname ? tempname : histname; + exists = histname ? (stat (histname, &finfo) == 0) : 0; file = output ? open (output, mode, 0600) : -1; rv = 0; @@ -606,10 +623,8 @@ history_do_write (filename, nelements, overwrite) if (file == -1) { rv = errno; - if (output && bakname) - histfile_restore (bakname, output); - FREE (output); - FREE (bakname); + FREE (histname); + FREE (tempname); return (rv); } @@ -651,10 +666,10 @@ history_do_write (filename, nelements, overwrite) mmap_error: rv = errno; close (file); - if (output && bakname) - histfile_restore (bakname, output); - FREE (output); - FREE (bakname); + if (tempname) + unlink (tempname); + FREE (histname); + FREE (tempname); return rv; } #else @@ -663,10 +678,10 @@ mmap_error: { rv = errno; close (file); - if (output && bakname) - histfile_restore (bakname, output); - FREE (output); - FREE (bakname); + if (tempname) + unlink (tempname); + FREE (histname); + FREE (tempname); return rv; } #endif @@ -699,23 +714,25 @@ mmap_error: if (close (file) < 0 && rv == 0) rv = errno; - if (rv != 0 && output && bakname) + if (rv == 0 && histname && tempname) + rv = histfile_restore (tempname, histname); + + if (rv != 0) { - histfile_restore (bakname, output); + if (tempname) + unlink (tempname); history_lines_written_to_file = 0; } - else if (rv == 0 && bakname) - unlink (bakname); /* Make sure the new filename is owned by the same user as the old. If one user is running this, it's a no-op. If the shell is running after sudo with a shared history file, we don't want to leave the history file owned by root. */ if (rv == 0 && exists) - chown (output, finfo.st_uid, finfo.st_gid); + chown (histname, finfo.st_uid, finfo.st_gid); - FREE (output); - FREE (bakname); + FREE (histname); + FREE (tempname); return (rv); } diff --git a/lib/sh/Makefile.in b/lib/sh/Makefile.in index dbb2402a7..675e80f4b 100644 --- a/lib/sh/Makefile.in +++ b/lib/sh/Makefile.in @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ PACKAGE_STRING = @PACKAGE_STRING@ PACKAGE_VERSION = @PACKAGE_VERSION@ srcdir = @srcdir@ -VPATH = .:@srcdir@ +VPATH = @srcdir@ topdir = @top_srcdir@ BUILD_DIR = @BUILD_DIR@ @@ -501,10 +501,26 @@ times.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/posixtime.h timeval.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/posixtime.h tmpfile.o: ${topdir}/bashtypes.h +tmpfile.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/chartypes.h tmpfile.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/posixstat.h tmpfile.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/filecntl.h +tmpfile.o: ${topdir}/shell.h ${topdir}/syntax.h ${topdir}/bashjmp.h ${BASHINCDIR}/posixjmp.h +tmpfile.o: ${topdir}/command.h ${BASHINCDIR}/stdc.h ${topdir}/error.h +tmpfile.o: ${topdir}/general.h ${topdir}/bashtypes.h ${topdir}/variables.h ${topdir}/conftypes.h +tmpfile.o: ${topdir}/array.h ${topdir}/hashlib.h ${topdir}/quit.h +tmpfile.o: ${topdir}/unwind_prot.h ${topdir}/dispose_cmd.h +tmpfile.o: ${topdir}/make_cmd.h ${topdir}/subst.h ${topdir}/sig.h +tmpfile.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/pathnames.h ${topdir}/externs.h uconvert.o: ${topdir}/bashtypes.h +uconvert.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/chartypes.h +uconvert.o: ${topdir}/shell.h ${topdir}/syntax.h ${topdir}/bashjmp.h ${BASHINCDIR}/posixjmp.h +uconvert.o: ${topdir}/command.h ${BASHINCDIR}/stdc.h ${topdir}/error.h +uconvert.o: ${topdir}/general.h ${topdir}/bashtypes.h ${topdir}/variables.h ${topdir}/conftypes.h +uconvert.o: ${topdir}/array.h ${topdir}/hashlib.h ${topdir}/quit.h +uconvert.o: ${topdir}/unwind_prot.h ${topdir}/dispose_cmd.h +uconvert.o: ${topdir}/make_cmd.h ${topdir}/subst.h ${topdir}/sig.h +uconvert.o: ${BUILD_DIR}/pathnames.h ${topdir}/externs.h ufuncs.o: ${topdir}/bashtypes.h @@ -595,3 +611,9 @@ unicode.o: ${topdir}/xmalloc.h winsize.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/stdc.h winsize.o: ${topdir}/xmalloc.h winsize.o: ${topdir}/bashtypes.h + +zmapfd.o: ${topdir}/bashansi.h ${BASHINCDIR}/ansi_stdlib.h +zmapfd.o: ${BASHINCDIR}/stdc.h +zmapfd.o: ${topdir}/command.h +zmapfd.o: ${topdir}/general.h +zmapfd.o: ${topdir}/bashtypes.h ${BASHINCDIR}/chartypes.h ${topdir}/xmalloc.h diff --git a/lib/termcap/Makefile.in b/lib/termcap/Makefile.in index aeee47fe5..66dd7c1eb 100644 --- a/lib/termcap/Makefile.in +++ b/lib/termcap/Makefile.in @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ # along with this program. If not, see . srcdir = @srcdir@ -VPATH = .:@srcdir@ +VPATH = @srcdir@ topdir = @top_srcdir@ BUILD_DIR = @BUILD_DIR@ diff --git a/lib/tilde/Makefile.in b/lib/tilde/Makefile.in index d5506c500..7ca3b7897 100644 --- a/lib/tilde/Makefile.in +++ b/lib/tilde/Makefile.in @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ # along with this program. If not, see . srcdir = @srcdir@ -VPATH = .:@srcdir@ +VPATH = @srcdir@ topdir = @top_srcdir@ BUILD_DIR = @BUILD_DIR@ diff --git a/parse.y b/parse.y index 5b476b09a..e16f07a7c 100644 --- a/parse.y +++ b/parse.y @@ -3535,7 +3535,7 @@ parse_matched_pair (qc, open, close, lenp, flags) APPEND_NESTRET (); FREE (nestret); } - else if ((flags & P_ARRAYSUB) && (tflags & LEX_WASDOL) && (ch == '(' || ch == '{' || ch == '[')) /* ) } ] */ + else if ((flags & (P_ARRAYSUB|P_DOLBRACE)) && (tflags & LEX_WASDOL) && (ch == '(' || ch == '{' || ch == '[')) /* ) } ] */ goto parse_dollar_word; } /* Parse an old-style command substitution within double quotes as a diff --git a/pcomplete.c b/pcomplete.c index ea7ea4842..5e2d39b40 100644 --- a/pcomplete.c +++ b/pcomplete.c @@ -1194,7 +1194,7 @@ gen_shell_function_matches (cs, cmd, text, line, ind, lwords, nw, cw, foundp) $1 == command name (command being completed) $2 == word to be completed (possibly null) $3 == previous word - and run in with command substitution. Parse the results, one word + and run it with command substitution. Parse the results, one word per line, with backslashes allowed to escape newlines. Build a STRINGLIST from the results and return it. */ diff --git a/po/LINGUAS b/po/LINGUAS index a97ac6a89..9c17d2658 100644 --- a/po/LINGUAS +++ b/po/LINGUAS @@ -1,2 +1,2 @@ # Set of available languages. -en@quot en@boldquot af bg ca cs da de el eo es et fi fr ga gl hr hu id it ja lt nl pl pt_BR ro ru sk sl sr sv tr uk vi zh_CN zh_TW +en@quot en@boldquot af bg ca cs da de el eo es et fi fr ga gl hr hu id it ja lt nb nl pl pt_BR ro ru sk sl sr sv tr uk vi zh_CN zh_TW diff --git a/po/bash-4.3.pot b/po/bash-4.3.pot new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1ef12084f --- /dev/null +++ b/po/bash-4.3.pot @@ -0,0 +1,4041 @@ +# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. +# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package. +# FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. +# +#, fuzzy +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-02-11 11:19-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" +"Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" +"Language: \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=INTEGER; plural=EXPRESSION;\n" + +#: arrayfunc.c:51 +msgid "bad array subscript" +msgstr "" + +#: arrayfunc.c:356 builtins/declare.def:566 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot convert indexed to associative array" +msgstr "" + +#: arrayfunc.c:539 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid associative array key" +msgstr "" + +#: arrayfunc.c:541 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot assign to non-numeric index" +msgstr "" + +#: arrayfunc.c:586 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: %s: must use subscript when assigning associative array" +msgstr "" + +#: bashhist.c:388 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot create: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: bashline.c:3982 +msgid "bash_execute_unix_command: cannot find keymap for command" +msgstr "" + +#: bashline.c:4069 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: first non-whitespace character is not `\"'" +msgstr "" + +#: bashline.c:4098 +#, c-format +msgid "no closing `%c' in %s" +msgstr "" + +#: bashline.c:4132 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: missing colon separator" +msgstr "" + +#: braces.c:321 +#, c-format +msgid "brace expansion: cannot allocate memory for %s" +msgstr "" + +#: braces.c:413 +#, c-format +msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for %d elements" +msgstr "" + +#: braces.c:452 +#, c-format +msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for `%s'" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/alias.def:132 +#, c-format +msgid "`%s': invalid alias name" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/bind.def:123 builtins/bind.def:126 +msgid "line editing not enabled" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/bind.def:212 +#, c-format +msgid "`%s': invalid keymap name" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/bind.def:251 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot read: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/bind.def:266 +#, c-format +msgid "`%s': cannot unbind" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/bind.def:304 builtins/bind.def:334 +#, c-format +msgid "`%s': unknown function name" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/bind.def:312 +#, c-format +msgid "%s is not bound to any keys.\n" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/bind.def:316 +#, c-format +msgid "%s can be invoked via " +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/break.def:77 builtins/break.def:117 +msgid "loop count" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/break.def:137 +msgid "only meaningful in a `for', `while', or `until' loop" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/caller.def:134 +msgid "" +"Returns the context of the current subroutine call.\n" +" \n" +" Without EXPR, returns " +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/cd.def:319 +msgid "HOME not set" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/cd.def:327 builtins/common.c:166 test.c:876 +msgid "too many arguments" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/cd.def:338 +msgid "OLDPWD not set" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:101 +#, c-format +msgid "line %d: " +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:139 error.c:265 +#, c-format +msgid "warning: " +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:153 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: usage: " +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:191 shell.c:506 shell.c:788 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: option requires an argument" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:198 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: numeric argument required" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:205 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: not found" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:214 shell.c:801 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid option" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:221 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid option name" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:228 general.c:235 general.c:240 +#, c-format +msgid "`%s': not a valid identifier" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:238 +msgid "invalid octal number" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:240 +msgid "invalid hex number" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:242 expr.c:1470 +msgid "invalid number" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:250 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid signal specification" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:257 +#, c-format +msgid "`%s': not a pid or valid job spec" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:264 error.c:488 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: readonly variable" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:272 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: %s out of range" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:272 builtins/common.c:274 +msgid "argument" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:274 +#, c-format +msgid "%s out of range" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:282 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: no such job" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:290 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: no job control" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:292 +msgid "no job control" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:302 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: restricted" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:304 +msgid "restricted" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:312 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: not a shell builtin" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:321 +#, c-format +msgid "write error: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:329 +#, c-format +msgid "error setting terminal attributes: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:331 +#, c-format +msgid "error getting terminal attributes: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:563 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: error retrieving current directory: %s: %s\n" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/common.c:629 builtins/common.c:631 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: ambiguous job spec" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/complete.def:277 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid action name" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/complete.def:450 builtins/complete.def:645 +#: builtins/complete.def:855 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: no completion specification" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/complete.def:697 +msgid "warning: -F option may not work as you expect" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/complete.def:699 +msgid "warning: -C option may not work as you expect" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/complete.def:828 +msgid "not currently executing completion function" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/declare.def:126 +msgid "can only be used in a function" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/declare.def:315 builtins/declare.def:509 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: reference variable cannot be an array" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/declare.def:324 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: nameref variable self references not allowed" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/declare.def:398 +msgid "cannot use `-f' to make functions" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/declare.def:410 execute_cmd.c:5361 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: readonly function" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/declare.def:553 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot destroy array variables in this way" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/declare.def:560 builtins/read.def:733 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot convert associative to indexed array" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/enable.def:137 builtins/enable.def:145 +msgid "dynamic loading not available" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/enable.def:312 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot open shared object %s: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/enable.def:335 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot find %s in shared object %s: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/enable.def:459 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: not dynamically loaded" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/enable.def:474 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot delete: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/evalfile.c:140 builtins/hash.def:171 execute_cmd.c:5208 +#: shell.c:1481 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: is a directory" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/evalfile.c:146 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: not a regular file" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/evalfile.c:155 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: file is too large" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/evalfile.c:190 builtins/evalfile.c:208 shell.c:1491 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot execute binary file" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/exec.def:154 builtins/exec.def:156 builtins/exec.def:228 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot execute: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/exit.def:65 +#, c-format +msgid "logout\n" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/exit.def:88 +msgid "not login shell: use `exit'" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/exit.def:120 +#, c-format +msgid "There are stopped jobs.\n" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/exit.def:122 +#, c-format +msgid "There are running jobs.\n" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/fc.def:262 +msgid "no command found" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/fc.def:320 builtins/fc.def:369 +msgid "history specification" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/fc.def:390 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot open temp file: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/fg_bg.def:149 builtins/jobs.def:282 +msgid "current" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/fg_bg.def:158 +#, c-format +msgid "job %d started without job control" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/getopt.c:110 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: illegal option -- %c\n" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/getopt.c:111 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: option requires an argument -- %c\n" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/hash.def:92 +msgid "hashing disabled" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/hash.def:138 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: hash table empty\n" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/hash.def:245 +#, c-format +msgid "hits\tcommand\n" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/help.def:130 +#, c-format +msgid "Shell commands matching keyword `" +msgid_plural "Shell commands matching keywords `" +msgstr[0] "" +msgstr[1] "" + +#: builtins/help.def:182 +#, c-format +msgid "" +"no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/help.def:199 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot open: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/help.def:485 +#, c-format +msgid "" +"These shell commands are defined internally. Type `help' to see this list.\n" +"Type `help name' to find out more about the function `name'.\n" +"Use `info bash' to find out more about the shell in general.\n" +"Use `man -k' or `info' to find out more about commands not in this list.\n" +"\n" +"A star (*) next to a name means that the command is disabled.\n" +"\n" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/history.def:154 +msgid "cannot use more than one of -anrw" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/history.def:186 +msgid "history position" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/history.def:366 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: history expansion failed" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/inlib.def:71 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: inlib failed" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/jobs.def:109 +msgid "no other options allowed with `-x'" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/kill.def:200 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: arguments must be process or job IDs" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/kill.def:263 +msgid "Unknown error" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/let.def:95 builtins/let.def:120 expr.c:583 expr.c:598 +msgid "expression expected" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/mapfile.def:172 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: not an indexed array" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/mapfile.def:259 builtins/read.def:302 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid file descriptor specification" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/mapfile.def:267 builtins/read.def:309 +#, c-format +msgid "%d: invalid file descriptor: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/mapfile.def:276 builtins/mapfile.def:314 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid line count" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/mapfile.def:287 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid array origin" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/mapfile.def:304 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid callback quantum" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/mapfile.def:336 +msgid "empty array variable name" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/mapfile.def:357 +msgid "array variable support required" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/printf.def:402 +#, c-format +msgid "`%s': missing format character" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/printf.def:456 +#, c-format +msgid "`%c': invalid time format specification" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/printf.def:658 +#, c-format +msgid "`%c': invalid format character" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/printf.def:684 +#, c-format +msgid "warning: %s: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/printf.def:768 +#, c-format +msgid "format parsing problem: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/printf.def:865 +msgid "missing hex digit for \\x" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/printf.def:880 +#, c-format +msgid "missing unicode digit for \\%c" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/pushd.def:195 +msgid "no other directory" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/pushd.def:354 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid argument" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/pushd.def:468 +msgid "" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/pushd.def:512 +msgid "directory stack empty" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/pushd.def:514 +msgid "directory stack index" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/pushd.def:689 +msgid "" +"Display the list of currently remembered directories. Directories\n" +" find their way onto the list with the `pushd' command; you can get\n" +" back up through the list with the `popd' command.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -c\tclear the directory stack by deleting all of the elements\n" +" -l\tdo not print tilde-prefixed versions of directories relative\n" +" \tto your home directory\n" +" -p\tprint the directory stack with one entry per line\n" +" -v\tprint the directory stack with one entry per line prefixed\n" +" \twith its position in the stack\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown " +"by\n" +" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n" +" \n" +" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown " +"by\n" +"\tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/pushd.def:711 +msgid "" +"Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates\n" +" the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working\n" +" directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -n\tSuppresses the normal change of directory when adding\n" +" \tdirectories to the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" +N\tRotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting\n" +" \tfrom the left of the list shown by `dirs', starting with\n" +" \tzero) is at the top.\n" +" \n" +" -N\tRotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting\n" +" \tfrom the right of the list shown by `dirs', starting with\n" +" \tzero) is at the top.\n" +" \n" +" dir\tAdds DIR to the directory stack at the top, making it the\n" +" \tnew current working directory.\n" +" \n" +" The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/pushd.def:736 +msgid "" +"Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments, removes\n" +" the top directory from the stack, and changes to the new top directory.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -n\tSuppresses the normal change of directory when removing\n" +" \tdirectories from the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" +N\tRemoves the Nth entry counting from the left of the list\n" +" \tshown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd +0'\n" +" \tremoves the first directory, `popd +1' the second.\n" +" \n" +" -N\tRemoves the Nth entry counting from the right of the list\n" +" \tshown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd -0'\n" +" \tremoves the last directory, `popd -1' the next to last.\n" +" \n" +" The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/read.def:275 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid timeout specification" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/read.def:678 +#, c-format +msgid "read error: %d: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/return.def:75 +msgid "can only `return' from a function or sourced script" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/set.def:782 +msgid "cannot simultaneously unset a function and a variable" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/set.def:826 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot unset" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/set.def:843 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot unset: readonly %s" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/set.def:854 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: not an array variable" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/setattr.def:187 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: not a function" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/shift.def:71 builtins/shift.def:77 +msgid "shift count" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/shopt.def:279 +msgid "cannot set and unset shell options simultaneously" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/shopt.def:346 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid shell option name" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/source.def:130 +msgid "filename argument required" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/source.def:155 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: file not found" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/suspend.def:101 +msgid "cannot suspend" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/suspend.def:111 +msgid "cannot suspend a login shell" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/type.def:234 +#, c-format +msgid "%s is aliased to `%s'\n" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/type.def:255 +#, c-format +msgid "%s is a shell keyword\n" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/type.def:274 +#, c-format +msgid "%s is a function\n" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/type.def:296 +#, c-format +msgid "%s is a shell builtin\n" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/type.def:317 builtins/type.def:393 +#, c-format +msgid "%s is %s\n" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/type.def:337 +#, c-format +msgid "%s is hashed (%s)\n" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/ulimit.def:383 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid limit argument" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/ulimit.def:409 +#, c-format +msgid "`%c': bad command" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/ulimit.def:438 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot get limit: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/ulimit.def:464 +msgid "limit" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/ulimit.def:476 builtins/ulimit.def:776 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot modify limit: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/umask.def:114 +msgid "octal number" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/umask.def:227 +#, c-format +msgid "`%c': invalid symbolic mode operator" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/umask.def:282 +#, c-format +msgid "`%c': invalid symbolic mode character" +msgstr "" + +#: error.c:90 error.c:325 error.c:327 error.c:329 +msgid " line " +msgstr "" + +#: error.c:165 +#, c-format +msgid "last command: %s\n" +msgstr "" + +#: error.c:173 +#, c-format +msgid "Aborting..." +msgstr "" + +#: error.c:440 +msgid "unknown command error" +msgstr "" + +#: error.c:441 +msgid "bad command type" +msgstr "" + +#: error.c:442 +msgid "bad connector" +msgstr "" + +#: error.c:443 +msgid "bad jump" +msgstr "" + +#: error.c:481 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: unbound variable" +msgstr "" + +#: eval.c:189 +#, c-format +msgid "\atimed out waiting for input: auto-logout\n" +msgstr "" + +#: execute_cmd.c:512 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot redirect standard input from /dev/null: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: execute_cmd.c:1233 +#, c-format +msgid "TIMEFORMAT: `%c': invalid format character" +msgstr "" + +#: execute_cmd.c:2287 +msgid "pipe error" +msgstr "" + +#: execute_cmd.c:4386 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: maximum function nesting level exceeded (%d)" +msgstr "" + +#: execute_cmd.c:4884 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: restricted: cannot specify `/' in command names" +msgstr "" + +#: execute_cmd.c:4973 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: command not found" +msgstr "" + +#: execute_cmd.c:5206 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: execute_cmd.c:5243 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: %s: bad interpreter" +msgstr "" + +#: execute_cmd.c:5280 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot execute binary file: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: execute_cmd.c:5352 +#, c-format +msgid "`%s': is a special builtin" +msgstr "" + +#: execute_cmd.c:5404 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot duplicate fd %d to fd %d" +msgstr "" + +#: expr.c:259 +msgid "expression recursion level exceeded" +msgstr "" + +#: expr.c:283 +msgid "recursion stack underflow" +msgstr "" + +#: expr.c:431 +msgid "syntax error in expression" +msgstr "" + +#: expr.c:475 +msgid "attempted assignment to non-variable" +msgstr "" + +#: expr.c:495 expr.c:858 +msgid "division by 0" +msgstr "" + +#: expr.c:542 +msgid "bug: bad expassign token" +msgstr "" + +#: expr.c:595 +msgid "`:' expected for conditional expression" +msgstr "" + +#: expr.c:919 +msgid "exponent less than 0" +msgstr "" + +#: expr.c:976 +msgid "identifier expected after pre-increment or pre-decrement" +msgstr "" + +#: expr.c:1002 +msgid "missing `)'" +msgstr "" + +#: expr.c:1053 expr.c:1390 +msgid "syntax error: operand expected" +msgstr "" + +#: expr.c:1392 +msgid "syntax error: invalid arithmetic operator" +msgstr "" + +#: expr.c:1416 +#, c-format +msgid "%s%s%s: %s (error token is \"%s\")" +msgstr "" + +#: expr.c:1474 +msgid "invalid arithmetic base" +msgstr "" + +#: expr.c:1494 +msgid "value too great for base" +msgstr "" + +#: expr.c:1543 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: expression error\n" +msgstr "" + +#: general.c:62 +msgid "getcwd: cannot access parent directories" +msgstr "" + +#: input.c:102 subst.c:5168 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot reset nodelay mode for fd %d" +msgstr "" + +#: input.c:271 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot allocate new file descriptor for bash input from fd %d" +msgstr "" + +#: input.c:279 +#, c-format +msgid "save_bash_input: buffer already exists for new fd %d" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:471 +msgid "start_pipeline: pgrp pipe" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:893 +#, c-format +msgid "forked pid %d appears in running job %d" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:1012 +#, c-format +msgid "deleting stopped job %d with process group %ld" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:1117 +#, c-format +msgid "add_process: process %5ld (%s) in the_pipeline" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:1120 +#, c-format +msgid "add_process: pid %5ld (%s) marked as still alive" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:1435 +#, c-format +msgid "describe_pid: %ld: no such pid" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:1450 +#, c-format +msgid "Signal %d" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:1464 jobs.c:1489 +msgid "Done" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:1469 siglist.c:123 +msgid "Stopped" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:1473 +#, c-format +msgid "Stopped(%s)" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:1477 +msgid "Running" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:1491 +#, c-format +msgid "Done(%d)" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:1493 +#, c-format +msgid "Exit %d" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:1496 +msgid "Unknown status" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:1583 +#, c-format +msgid "(core dumped) " +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:1602 +#, c-format +msgid " (wd: %s)" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:1819 +#, c-format +msgid "child setpgid (%ld to %ld)" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:2138 nojobs.c:605 +#, c-format +msgid "wait: pid %ld is not a child of this shell" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:2385 +#, c-format +msgid "wait_for: No record of process %ld" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:2694 +#, c-format +msgid "wait_for_job: job %d is stopped" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:2986 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: job has terminated" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:2995 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: job %d already in background" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:3220 +msgid "waitchld: turning on WNOHANG to avoid indefinite block" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:3711 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: line %d: " +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:3725 nojobs.c:843 +#, c-format +msgid " (core dumped)" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:3737 jobs.c:3750 +#, c-format +msgid "(wd now: %s)\n" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:3782 +msgid "initialize_job_control: getpgrp failed" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:3843 +msgid "initialize_job_control: line discipline" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:3853 +msgid "initialize_job_control: setpgid" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:3874 jobs.c:3883 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot set terminal process group (%d)" +msgstr "" + +#: jobs.c:3888 +msgid "no job control in this shell" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:296 +#, c-format +msgid "malloc: failed assertion: %s\n" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:312 +#, c-format +msgid "" +"\r\n" +"malloc: %s:%d: assertion botched\r\n" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:313 +msgid "unknown" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:801 +msgid "malloc: block on free list clobbered" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:878 +msgid "free: called with already freed block argument" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:881 +msgid "free: called with unallocated block argument" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:900 +msgid "free: underflow detected; mh_nbytes out of range" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:906 +msgid "free: start and end chunk sizes differ" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1005 +msgid "realloc: called with unallocated block argument" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1020 +msgid "realloc: underflow detected; mh_nbytes out of range" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1026 +msgid "realloc: start and end chunk sizes differ" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/malloc/table.c:194 +#, c-format +msgid "register_alloc: alloc table is full with FIND_ALLOC?\n" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/malloc/table.c:203 +#, c-format +msgid "register_alloc: %p already in table as allocated?\n" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/malloc/table.c:256 +#, c-format +msgid "register_free: %p already in table as free?\n" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/sh/fmtulong.c:102 +msgid "invalid base" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/sh/netopen.c:168 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: host unknown" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/sh/netopen.c:175 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid service" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/sh/netopen.c:306 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: bad network path specification" +msgstr "" + +#: lib/sh/netopen.c:346 +msgid "network operations not supported" +msgstr "" + +#: locale.c:200 +#, c-format +msgid "setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (%s)" +msgstr "" + +#: locale.c:202 +#, c-format +msgid "setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (%s): %s" +msgstr "" + +#: locale.c:259 +#, c-format +msgid "setlocale: %s: cannot change locale (%s)" +msgstr "" + +#: locale.c:261 +#, c-format +msgid "setlocale: %s: cannot change locale (%s): %s" +msgstr "" + +#: mailcheck.c:439 +msgid "You have mail in $_" +msgstr "" + +#: mailcheck.c:464 +msgid "You have new mail in $_" +msgstr "" + +#: mailcheck.c:480 +#, c-format +msgid "The mail in %s has been read\n" +msgstr "" + +#: make_cmd.c:323 +msgid "syntax error: arithmetic expression required" +msgstr "" + +#: make_cmd.c:325 +msgid "syntax error: `;' unexpected" +msgstr "" + +#: make_cmd.c:326 +#, c-format +msgid "syntax error: `((%s))'" +msgstr "" + +#: make_cmd.c:578 +#, c-format +msgid "make_here_document: bad instruction type %d" +msgstr "" + +#: make_cmd.c:662 +#, c-format +msgid "here-document at line %d delimited by end-of-file (wanted `%s')" +msgstr "" + +#: make_cmd.c:759 +#, c-format +msgid "make_redirection: redirection instruction `%d' out of range" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:3278 parse.y:3561 +#, c-format +msgid "unexpected EOF while looking for matching `%c'" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:4170 +msgid "unexpected EOF while looking for `]]'" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:4175 +#, c-format +msgid "syntax error in conditional expression: unexpected token `%s'" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:4179 +msgid "syntax error in conditional expression" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:4257 +#, c-format +msgid "unexpected token `%s', expected `)'" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:4261 +msgid "expected `)'" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:4289 +#, c-format +msgid "unexpected argument `%s' to conditional unary operator" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:4293 +msgid "unexpected argument to conditional unary operator" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:4339 +#, c-format +msgid "unexpected token `%s', conditional binary operator expected" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:4343 +msgid "conditional binary operator expected" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:4365 +#, c-format +msgid "unexpected argument `%s' to conditional binary operator" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:4369 +msgid "unexpected argument to conditional binary operator" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:4380 +#, c-format +msgid "unexpected token `%c' in conditional command" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:4383 +#, c-format +msgid "unexpected token `%s' in conditional command" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:4387 +#, c-format +msgid "unexpected token %d in conditional command" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:5737 +#, c-format +msgid "syntax error near unexpected token `%s'" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:5755 +#, c-format +msgid "syntax error near `%s'" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:5765 +msgid "syntax error: unexpected end of file" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:5765 +msgid "syntax error" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:5827 +#, c-format +msgid "Use \"%s\" to leave the shell.\n" +msgstr "" + +#: parse.y:5989 +msgid "unexpected EOF while looking for matching `)'" +msgstr "" + +#: pcomplete.c:1094 +#, c-format +msgid "completion: function `%s' not found" +msgstr "" + +#: pcomplib.c:182 +#, c-format +msgid "progcomp_insert: %s: NULL COMPSPEC" +msgstr "" + +#: print_cmd.c:300 +#, c-format +msgid "print_command: bad connector `%d'" +msgstr "" + +#: print_cmd.c:373 +#, c-format +msgid "xtrace_set: %d: invalid file descriptor" +msgstr "" + +#: print_cmd.c:378 +msgid "xtrace_set: NULL file pointer" +msgstr "" + +#: print_cmd.c:382 +#, c-format +msgid "xtrace fd (%d) != fileno xtrace fp (%d)" +msgstr "" + +#: print_cmd.c:1518 +#, c-format +msgid "cprintf: `%c': invalid format character" +msgstr "" + +#: redir.c:123 redir.c:170 +msgid "file descriptor out of range" +msgstr "" + +#: redir.c:177 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: ambiguous redirect" +msgstr "" + +#: redir.c:181 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot overwrite existing file" +msgstr "" + +#: redir.c:186 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: restricted: cannot redirect output" +msgstr "" + +#: redir.c:191 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot create temp file for here-document: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: redir.c:195 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot assign fd to variable" +msgstr "" + +#: redir.c:582 +msgid "/dev/(tcp|udp)/host/port not supported without networking" +msgstr "" + +#: redir.c:861 redir.c:973 redir.c:1034 redir.c:1199 +msgid "redirection error: cannot duplicate fd" +msgstr "" + +#: shell.c:339 +msgid "could not find /tmp, please create!" +msgstr "" + +#: shell.c:343 +msgid "/tmp must be a valid directory name" +msgstr "" + +#: shell.c:890 +#, c-format +msgid "%c%c: invalid option" +msgstr "" + +#: shell.c:1682 +msgid "I have no name!" +msgstr "" + +#: shell.c:1827 +#, c-format +msgid "GNU bash, version %s-(%s)\n" +msgstr "" + +#: shell.c:1828 +#, c-format +msgid "" +"Usage:\t%s [GNU long option] [option] ...\n" +"\t%s [GNU long option] [option] script-file ...\n" +msgstr "" + +#: shell.c:1830 +msgid "GNU long options:\n" +msgstr "" + +#: shell.c:1834 +msgid "Shell options:\n" +msgstr "" + +#: shell.c:1835 +msgid "\t-ilrsD or -c command or -O shopt_option\t\t(invocation only)\n" +msgstr "" + +#: shell.c:1850 +#, c-format +msgid "\t-%s or -o option\n" +msgstr "" + +#: shell.c:1856 +#, c-format +msgid "Type `%s -c \"help set\"' for more information about shell options.\n" +msgstr "" + +#: shell.c:1857 +#, c-format +msgid "Type `%s -c help' for more information about shell builtin commands.\n" +msgstr "" + +#: shell.c:1858 +#, c-format +msgid "Use the `bashbug' command to report bugs.\n" +msgstr "" + +#: sig.c:691 +#, c-format +msgid "sigprocmask: %d: invalid operation" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:48 +msgid "Bogus signal" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:51 +msgid "Hangup" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:55 +msgid "Interrupt" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:59 +msgid "Quit" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:63 +msgid "Illegal instruction" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:67 +msgid "BPT trace/trap" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:75 +msgid "ABORT instruction" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:79 +msgid "EMT instruction" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:83 +msgid "Floating point exception" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:87 +msgid "Killed" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:91 +msgid "Bus error" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:95 +msgid "Segmentation fault" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:99 +msgid "Bad system call" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:103 +msgid "Broken pipe" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:107 +msgid "Alarm clock" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:111 +msgid "Terminated" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:115 +msgid "Urgent IO condition" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:119 +msgid "Stopped (signal)" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:127 +msgid "Continue" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:135 +msgid "Child death or stop" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:139 +msgid "Stopped (tty input)" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:143 +msgid "Stopped (tty output)" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:147 +msgid "I/O ready" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:151 +msgid "CPU limit" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:155 +msgid "File limit" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:159 +msgid "Alarm (virtual)" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:163 +msgid "Alarm (profile)" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:167 +msgid "Window changed" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:171 +msgid "Record lock" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:175 +msgid "User signal 1" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:179 +msgid "User signal 2" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:183 +msgid "HFT input data pending" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:187 +msgid "power failure imminent" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:191 +msgid "system crash imminent" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:195 +msgid "migrate process to another CPU" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:199 +msgid "programming error" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:203 +msgid "HFT monitor mode granted" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:207 +msgid "HFT monitor mode retracted" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:211 +msgid "HFT sound sequence has completed" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:215 +msgid "Information request" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:223 +msgid "Unknown Signal #" +msgstr "" + +#: siglist.c:225 +#, c-format +msgid "Unknown Signal #%d" +msgstr "" + +#: subst.c:1362 subst.c:1520 +#, c-format +msgid "bad substitution: no closing `%s' in %s" +msgstr "" + +#: subst.c:2847 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot assign list to array member" +msgstr "" + +#: subst.c:5065 subst.c:5081 +msgid "cannot make pipe for process substitution" +msgstr "" + +#: subst.c:5113 +msgid "cannot make child for process substitution" +msgstr "" + +#: subst.c:5158 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot open named pipe %s for reading" +msgstr "" + +#: subst.c:5160 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot open named pipe %s for writing" +msgstr "" + +#: subst.c:5178 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot duplicate named pipe %s as fd %d" +msgstr "" + +#: subst.c:5376 +msgid "cannot make pipe for command substitution" +msgstr "" + +#: subst.c:5414 +msgid "cannot make child for command substitution" +msgstr "" + +#: subst.c:5433 +msgid "command_substitute: cannot duplicate pipe as fd 1" +msgstr "" + +#: subst.c:5837 subst.c:8050 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid variable name for name reference" +msgstr "" + +#: subst.c:6048 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: parameter null or not set" +msgstr "" + +#: subst.c:6320 subst.c:6335 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: substring expression < 0" +msgstr "" + +#: subst.c:7506 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: bad substitution" +msgstr "" + +#: subst.c:7583 +#, c-format +msgid "$%s: cannot assign in this way" +msgstr "" + +#: subst.c:7917 +msgid "" +"future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic " +"substitution" +msgstr "" + +#: subst.c:8421 +#, c-format +msgid "bad substitution: no closing \"`\" in %s" +msgstr "" + +#: subst.c:9322 +#, c-format +msgid "no match: %s" +msgstr "" + +#: test.c:147 +msgid "argument expected" +msgstr "" + +#: test.c:156 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: integer expression expected" +msgstr "" + +#: test.c:264 +msgid "`)' expected" +msgstr "" + +#: test.c:266 +#, c-format +msgid "`)' expected, found %s" +msgstr "" + +#: test.c:281 test.c:742 test.c:745 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: unary operator expected" +msgstr "" + +#: test.c:468 test.c:785 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: binary operator expected" +msgstr "" + +#: test.c:860 +msgid "missing `]'" +msgstr "" + +#: trap.c:217 +msgid "invalid signal number" +msgstr "" + +#: trap.c:371 +#, c-format +msgid "run_pending_traps: bad value in trap_list[%d]: %p" +msgstr "" + +#: trap.c:375 +#, c-format +msgid "" +"run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself" +msgstr "" + +#: trap.c:428 +#, c-format +msgid "trap_handler: bad signal %d" +msgstr "" + +#: variables.c:382 +#, c-format +msgid "error importing function definition for `%s'" +msgstr "" + +#: variables.c:780 +#, c-format +msgid "shell level (%d) too high, resetting to 1" +msgstr "" + +#: variables.c:1865 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: circular name reference" +msgstr "" + +#: variables.c:2228 +msgid "make_local_variable: no function context at current scope" +msgstr "" + +#: variables.c:2247 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: variable may not be assigned value" +msgstr "" + +#: variables.c:3646 +msgid "all_local_variables: no function context at current scope" +msgstr "" + +#: variables.c:3891 +#, c-format +msgid "%s has null exportstr" +msgstr "" + +#: variables.c:3896 variables.c:3905 +#, c-format +msgid "invalid character %d in exportstr for %s" +msgstr "" + +#: variables.c:3911 +#, c-format +msgid "no `=' in exportstr for %s" +msgstr "" + +#: variables.c:4344 +msgid "pop_var_context: head of shell_variables not a function context" +msgstr "" + +#: variables.c:4357 +msgid "pop_var_context: no global_variables context" +msgstr "" + +#: variables.c:4431 +msgid "pop_scope: head of shell_variables not a temporary environment scope" +msgstr "" + +#: variables.c:5257 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: %s: cannot open as FILE" +msgstr "" + +#: variables.c:5262 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: %s: invalid value for trace file descriptor" +msgstr "" + +#: variables.c:5307 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: %s: compatibility value out of range" +msgstr "" + +#: version.c:46 +msgid "Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc." +msgstr "" + +#: version.c:47 version2.c:47 +msgid "" +"License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later \n" +msgstr "" + +#: version.c:86 version2.c:86 +#, c-format +msgid "GNU bash, version %s (%s)\n" +msgstr "" + +#: version.c:91 version2.c:91 +msgid "This is free software; you are free to change and redistribute it." +msgstr "" + +#: version.c:92 version2.c:92 +msgid "There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law." +msgstr "" + +#: version2.c:46 +msgid "Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc." +msgstr "" + +#: xmalloc.c:91 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot allocate %lu bytes (%lu bytes allocated)" +msgstr "" + +#: xmalloc.c:93 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot allocate %lu bytes" +msgstr "" + +#: xmalloc.c:163 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: %s:%d: cannot allocate %lu bytes (%lu bytes allocated)" +msgstr "" + +#: xmalloc.c:165 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: %s:%d: cannot allocate %lu bytes" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:43 +msgid "alias [-p] [name[=value] ... ]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:47 +msgid "unalias [-a] name [name ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:51 +msgid "" +"bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-" +"x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:54 +msgid "break [n]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:56 +msgid "continue [n]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:58 +msgid "builtin [shell-builtin [arg ...]]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:61 +msgid "caller [expr]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:64 +msgid "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [dir]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:66 +msgid "pwd [-LP]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:68 +msgid ":" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:70 +msgid "true" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:72 +msgid "false" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:74 +msgid "command [-pVv] command [arg ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:76 +msgid "declare [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] [name[=value] ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:78 +msgid "typeset [-aAfFgilrtux] [-p] name[=value] ..." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:80 +msgid "local [option] name[=value] ..." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:83 +msgid "echo [-neE] [arg ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:87 +msgid "echo [-n] [arg ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:90 +msgid "enable [-a] [-dnps] [-f filename] [name ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:92 +msgid "eval [arg ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:94 +msgid "getopts optstring name [arg]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:96 +msgid "exec [-cl] [-a name] [command [arguments ...]] [redirection ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:98 +msgid "exit [n]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:100 +msgid "logout [n]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:103 +msgid "fc [-e ename] [-lnr] [first] [last] or fc -s [pat=rep] [command]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:107 +msgid "fg [job_spec]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:111 +msgid "bg [job_spec ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:114 +msgid "hash [-lr] [-p pathname] [-dt] [name ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:117 +msgid "help [-dms] [pattern ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:121 +msgid "" +"history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg " +"[arg...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:125 +msgid "jobs [-lnprs] [jobspec ...] or jobs -x command [args]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:129 +msgid "disown [-h] [-ar] [jobspec ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:132 +msgid "" +"kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l " +"[sigspec]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:134 +msgid "let arg [arg ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:136 +msgid "" +"read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p " +"prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:138 +msgid "return [n]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:140 +msgid "set [-abefhkmnptuvxBCHP] [-o option-name] [--] [arg ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:142 +msgid "unset [-f] [-v] [-n] [name ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:144 +msgid "export [-fn] [name[=value] ...] or export -p" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:146 +msgid "readonly [-aAf] [name[=value] ...] or readonly -p" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:148 +msgid "shift [n]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:150 +msgid "source filename [arguments]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:152 +msgid ". filename [arguments]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:155 +msgid "suspend [-f]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:158 +msgid "test [expr]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:160 +msgid "[ arg... ]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:162 +msgid "times" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:164 +msgid "trap [-lp] [[arg] signal_spec ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:166 +msgid "type [-afptP] name [name ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:169 +msgid "ulimit [-SHabcdefilmnpqrstuvxT] [limit]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:172 +msgid "umask [-p] [-S] [mode]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:175 +msgid "wait [-n] [id ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:179 +msgid "wait [pid ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:182 +msgid "for NAME [in WORDS ... ] ; do COMMANDS; done" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:184 +msgid "for (( exp1; exp2; exp3 )); do COMMANDS; done" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:186 +msgid "select NAME [in WORDS ... ;] do COMMANDS; done" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:188 +msgid "time [-p] pipeline" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:190 +msgid "case WORD in [PATTERN [| PATTERN]...) COMMANDS ;;]... esac" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:192 +msgid "" +"if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else " +"COMMANDS; ] fi" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:194 +msgid "while COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:196 +msgid "until COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:198 +msgid "coproc [NAME] command [redirections]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:200 +msgid "function name { COMMANDS ; } or name () { COMMANDS ; }" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:202 +msgid "{ COMMANDS ; }" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:204 +msgid "job_spec [&]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:206 +msgid "(( expression ))" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:208 +msgid "[[ expression ]]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:210 +msgid "variables - Names and meanings of some shell variables" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:213 +msgid "pushd [-n] [+N | -N | dir]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:217 +msgid "popd [-n] [+N | -N]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:221 +msgid "dirs [-clpv] [+N] [-N]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:224 +msgid "shopt [-pqsu] [-o] [optname ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:226 +msgid "printf [-v var] format [arguments]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:229 +msgid "" +"complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-" +"W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S " +"suffix] [name ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:233 +msgid "" +"compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] " +"[-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:237 +msgid "compopt [-o|+o option] [-DE] [name ...]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:240 +msgid "" +"mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c " +"quantum] [array]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:242 +msgid "" +"readarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c " +"quantum] [array]" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:254 +msgid "" +"Define or display aliases.\n" +" \n" +" Without arguments, `alias' prints the list of aliases in the reusable\n" +" form `alias NAME=VALUE' on standard output.\n" +" \n" +" Otherwise, an alias is defined for each NAME whose VALUE is given.\n" +" A trailing space in VALUE causes the next word to be checked for\n" +" alias substitution when the alias is expanded.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -p\tPrint all defined aliases in a reusable format\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has " +"been\n" +" defined." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:276 +msgid "" +"Remove each NAME from the list of defined aliases.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -a\tremove all alias definitions.\n" +" \n" +" Return success unless a NAME is not an existing alias." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:289 +msgid "" +"Set Readline key bindings and variables.\n" +" \n" +" Bind a key sequence to a Readline function or a macro, or set a\n" +" Readline variable. The non-option argument syntax is equivalent to\n" +" that found in ~/.inputrc, but must be passed as a single argument:\n" +" e.g., bind '\"\\C-x\\C-r\": re-read-init-file'.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -m keymap Use KEYMAP as the keymap for the duration of this\n" +" command. Acceptable keymap names are emacs,\n" +" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-" +"move,\n" +" vi-command, and vi-insert.\n" +" -l List names of functions.\n" +" -P List function names and bindings.\n" +" -p List functions and bindings in a form that can be\n" +" reused as input.\n" +" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their " +"values\n" +" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their " +"values\n" +" in a form that can be reused as input.\n" +" -V List variable names and values\n" +" -v List variable names and values in a form that can\n" +" be reused as input.\n" +" -q function-name Query about which keys invoke the named function.\n" +" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named " +"function.\n" +" -r keyseq Remove the binding for KEYSEQ.\n" +" -f filename Read key bindings from FILENAME.\n" +" -x keyseq:shell-command\tCause SHELL-COMMAND to be executed when\n" +" \t\t\t\tKEYSEQ is entered.\n" +" -X\t\t List key sequences bound with -x and associated commands\n" +" in a form that can be reused as input.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" bind returns 0 unless an unrecognized option is given or an error occurs." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:328 +msgid "" +"Exit for, while, or until loops.\n" +" \n" +" Exit a FOR, WHILE or UNTIL loop. If N is specified, break N enclosing\n" +" loops.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" The exit status is 0 unless N is not greater than or equal to 1." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:340 +msgid "" +"Resume for, while, or until loops.\n" +" \n" +" Resumes the next iteration of the enclosing FOR, WHILE or UNTIL loop.\n" +" If N is specified, resumes the Nth enclosing loop.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" The exit status is 0 unless N is not greater than or equal to 1." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:352 +msgid "" +"Execute shell builtins.\n" +" \n" +" Execute SHELL-BUILTIN with arguments ARGs without performing command\n" +" lookup. This is useful when you wish to reimplement a shell builtin\n" +" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the " +"function.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the exit status of SHELL-BUILTIN, or false if SHELL-BUILTIN is\n" +" not a shell builtin.." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:367 +msgid "" +"Return the context of the current subroutine call.\n" +" \n" +" Without EXPR, returns \"$line $filename\". With EXPR, returns\n" +" \"$line $subroutine $filename\"; this extra information can be used to\n" +" provide a stack trace.\n" +" \n" +" The value of EXPR indicates how many call frames to go back before the\n" +" current one; the top frame is frame 0.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns 0 unless the shell is not executing a shell function or EXPR\n" +" is invalid." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:385 +msgid "" +"Change the shell working directory.\n" +" \n" +" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of " +"the\n" +" HOME shell variable.\n" +" \n" +" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory " +"containing\n" +" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon " +"(:).\n" +" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR " +"begins\n" +" with a slash (/), then CDPATH is not used.\n" +" \n" +" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is " +"set,\n" +" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a " +"value,\n" +" its value is used for DIR.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -L\tforce symbolic links to be followed: resolve symbolic links in\n" +" \tDIR after processing instances of `..'\n" +" -P\tuse the physical directory structure without following symbolic\n" +" \tlinks: resolve symbolic links in DIR before processing instances\n" +" \tof `..'\n" +" -e\tif the -P option is supplied, and the current working directory\n" +" \tcannot be determined successfully, exit with a non-zero status\n" +" -@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended " +"attributes\n" +" as a directory containing the file attributes\n" +" \n" +" The default is to follow symbolic links, as if `-L' were specified.\n" +" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname " +"component\n" +" back to a slash or the beginning of DIR.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully " +"when\n" +" -P is used; non-zero otherwise." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:422 +msgid "" +"Print the name of the current working directory.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -L\tprint the value of $PWD if it names the current working\n" +" \tdirectory\n" +" -P\tprint the physical directory, without any symbolic links\n" +" \n" +" By default, `pwd' behaves as if `-L' were specified.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns 0 unless an invalid option is given or the current directory\n" +" cannot be read." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:439 +msgid "" +"Null command.\n" +" \n" +" No effect; the command does nothing.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Always succeeds." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:450 +msgid "" +"Return a successful result.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Always succeeds." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:459 +msgid "" +"Return an unsuccessful result.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Always fails." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:468 +msgid "" +"Execute a simple command or display information about commands.\n" +" \n" +" Runs COMMAND with ARGS suppressing shell function lookup, or display\n" +" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke " +"commands\n" +" on disk when a function with the same name exists.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -p\tuse a default value for PATH that is guaranteed to find all of\n" +" \tthe standard utilities\n" +" -v\tprint a description of COMMAND similar to the `type' builtin\n" +" -V\tprint a more verbose description of each COMMAND\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns exit status of COMMAND, or failure if COMMAND is not found." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:487 +msgid "" +"Set variable values and attributes.\n" +" \n" +" Declare variables and give them attributes. If no NAMEs are given,\n" +" display the attributes and values of all variables.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -f\trestrict action or display to function names and definitions\n" +" -F\trestrict display to function names only (plus line number and\n" +" \tsource file when debugging)\n" +" -g\tcreate global variables when used in a shell function; otherwise\n" +" \tignored\n" +" -p\tdisplay the attributes and value of each NAME\n" +" \n" +" Options which set attributes:\n" +" -a\tto make NAMEs indexed arrays (if supported)\n" +" -A\tto make NAMEs associative arrays (if supported)\n" +" -i\tto make NAMEs have the `integer' attribute\n" +" -l\tto convert NAMEs to lower case on assignment\n" +" -n\tmake NAME a reference to the variable named by its value\n" +" -r\tto make NAMEs readonly\n" +" -t\tto make NAMEs have the `trace' attribute\n" +" -u\tto convert NAMEs to upper case on assignment\n" +" -x\tto make NAMEs export\n" +" \n" +" Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the given attribute.\n" +" \n" +" Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see\n" +" the `let' command) performed when the variable is assigned a value.\n" +" \n" +" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the " +"`local'\n" +" command. The `-g' option suppresses this behavior.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or a variable\n" +" assignment error occurs." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:527 +msgid "" +"Set variable values and attributes.\n" +" \n" +" Obsolete. See `help declare'." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:535 +msgid "" +"Define local variables.\n" +" \n" +" Create a local variable called NAME, and give it VALUE. OPTION can\n" +" be any option accepted by `declare'.\n" +" \n" +" Local variables can only be used within a function; they are visible\n" +" only to the function where they are defined and its children.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied, a variable\n" +" assignment error occurs, or the shell is not executing a function." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:552 +msgid "" +"Write arguments to the standard output.\n" +" \n" +" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by " +"a\n" +" newline, on the standard output.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -n\tdo not append a newline\n" +" -e\tenable interpretation of the following backslash escapes\n" +" -E\texplicitly suppress interpretation of backslash escapes\n" +" \n" +" `echo' interprets the following backslash-escaped characters:\n" +" \\a\talert (bell)\n" +" \\b\tbackspace\n" +" \\c\tsuppress further output\n" +" \\e\tescape character\n" +" \\E\tescape character\n" +" \\f\tform feed\n" +" \\n\tnew line\n" +" \\r\tcarriage return\n" +" \\t\thorizontal tab\n" +" \\v\tvertical tab\n" +" \\\\\tbackslash\n" +" \\0nnn\tthe character whose ASCII code is NNN (octal). NNN can be\n" +" \t0 to 3 octal digits\n" +" \\xHH\tthe eight-bit character whose value is HH (hexadecimal). HH\n" +" \tcan be one or two hex digits\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless a write error occurs." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:588 +msgid "" +"Write arguments to the standard output.\n" +" \n" +" Display the ARGs on the standard output followed by a newline.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -n\tdo not append a newline\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless a write error occurs." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:603 +msgid "" +"Enable and disable shell builtins.\n" +" \n" +" Enables and disables builtin shell commands. Disabling allows you to\n" +" execute a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin\n" +" without using a full pathname.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -a\tprint a list of builtins showing whether or not each is enabled\n" +" -n\tdisable each NAME or display a list of disabled builtins\n" +" -p\tprint the list of builtins in a reusable format\n" +" -s\tprint only the names of Posix `special' builtins\n" +" \n" +" Options controlling dynamic loading:\n" +" -f\tLoad builtin NAME from shared object FILENAME\n" +" -d\tRemove a builtin loaded with -f\n" +" \n" +" Without options, each NAME is enabled.\n" +" \n" +" To use the `test' found in $PATH instead of the shell builtin\n" +" version, type `enable -n test'.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless NAME is not a shell builtin or an error occurs." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:631 +msgid "" +"Execute arguments as a shell command.\n" +" \n" +" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the " +"shell,\n" +" and execute the resulting commands.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns exit status of command or success if command is null." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:643 +msgid "" +"Parse option arguments.\n" +" \n" +" Getopts is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters\n" +" as options.\n" +" \n" +" OPTSTRING contains the option letters to be recognized; if a letter\n" +" is followed by a colon, the option is expected to have an argument,\n" +" which should be separated from it by white space.\n" +" \n" +" Each time it is invoked, getopts will place the next option in the\n" +" shell variable $name, initializing name if it does not exist, and\n" +" the index of the next argument to be processed into the shell\n" +" variable OPTIND. OPTIND is initialized to 1 each time the shell or\n" +" a shell script is invoked. When an option requires an argument,\n" +" getopts places that argument into the shell variable OPTARG.\n" +" \n" +" getopts reports errors in one of two ways. If the first character\n" +" of OPTSTRING is a colon, getopts uses silent error reporting. In\n" +" this mode, no error messages are printed. If an invalid option is\n" +" seen, getopts places the option character found into OPTARG. If a\n" +" required argument is not found, getopts places a ':' into NAME and\n" +" sets OPTARG to the option character found. If getopts is not in\n" +" silent mode, and an invalid option is seen, getopts places '?' into\n" +" NAME and unsets OPTARG. If a required argument is not found, a '?'\n" +" is placed in NAME, OPTARG is unset, and a diagnostic message is\n" +" printed.\n" +" \n" +" If the shell variable OPTERR has the value 0, getopts disables the\n" +" printing of error messages, even if the first character of\n" +" OPTSTRING is not a colon. OPTERR has the value 1 by default.\n" +" \n" +" Getopts normally parses the positional parameters ($0 - $9), but if\n" +" more arguments are given, they are parsed instead.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success if an option is found; fails if the end of options is\n" +" encountered or an error occurs." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:685 +msgid "" +"Replace the shell with the given command.\n" +" \n" +" Execute COMMAND, replacing this shell with the specified program.\n" +" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not " +"specified,\n" +" any redirections take effect in the current shell.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -a name\tpass NAME as the zeroth argument to COMMAND\n" +" -c\t\texecute COMMAND with an empty environment\n" +" -l\t\tplace a dash in the zeroth argument to COMMAND\n" +" \n" +" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, " +"unless\n" +" the shell option `execfail' is set.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error " +"occurs." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:706 +msgid "" +"Exit the shell.\n" +" \n" +" Exits the shell with a status of N. If N is omitted, the exit status\n" +" is that of the last command executed." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:715 +msgid "" +"Exit a login shell.\n" +" \n" +" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not " +"executed\n" +" in a login shell." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:725 +msgid "" +"Display or execute commands from the history list.\n" +" \n" +" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history " +"list.\n" +" FIRST and LAST can be numbers specifying the range, or FIRST can be a\n" +" string, which means the most recent command beginning with that\n" +" string.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then " +"EDITOR,\n" +" \t\tthen vi\n" +" -l \tlist lines instead of editing\n" +" -n\tomit line numbers when listing\n" +" -r\treverse the order of the lines (newest listed first)\n" +" \n" +" With the `fc -s [pat=rep ...] [command]' format, COMMAND is\n" +" re-executed after the substitution OLD=NEW is performed.\n" +" \n" +" A useful alias to use with this is r='fc -s', so that typing `r cc'\n" +" runs the last command beginning with `cc' and typing `r' re-executes\n" +" the last command.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error " +"occurs." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:755 +msgid "" +"Move job to the foreground.\n" +" \n" +" Place the job identified by JOB_SPEC in the foreground, making it the\n" +" current job. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion of the\n" +" current job is used.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Status of command placed in foreground, or failure if an error occurs." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:770 +msgid "" +"Move jobs to the background.\n" +" \n" +" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if " +"they\n" +" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's " +"notion\n" +" of the current job is used.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless job control is not enabled or an error occurs." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:784 +msgid "" +"Remember or display program locations.\n" +" \n" +" Determine and remember the full pathname of each command NAME. If\n" +" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is " +"displayed.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -d\t\tforget the remembered location of each NAME\n" +" -l\t\tdisplay in a format that may be reused as input\n" +" -p pathname\tuse PATHNAME as the full pathname of NAME\n" +" -r\t\tforget all remembered locations\n" +" -t\t\tprint the remembered location of each NAME, preceding\n" +" \t\teach location with the corresponding NAME if multiple\n" +" \t\tNAMEs are given\n" +" Arguments:\n" +" NAME\t\tEach NAME is searched for in $PATH and added to the list\n" +" \t\tof remembered commands.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless NAME is not found or an invalid option is given." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:809 +msgid "" +"Display information about builtin commands.\n" +" \n" +" Displays brief summaries of builtin commands. If PATTERN is\n" +" specified, gives detailed help on all commands matching PATTERN,\n" +" otherwise the list of help topics is printed.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -d\toutput short description for each topic\n" +" -m\tdisplay usage in pseudo-manpage format\n" +" -s\toutput only a short usage synopsis for each topic matching\n" +" \tPATTERN\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" PATTERN\tPattern specifiying a help topic\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is " +"given." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:833 +msgid "" +"Display or manipulate the history list.\n" +" \n" +" Display the history list with line numbers, prefixing each modified\n" +" entry with a `*'. An argument of N lists only the last N entries.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -c\tclear the history list by deleting all of the entries\n" +" -d offset\tdelete the history entry at offset OFFSET.\n" +" \n" +" -a\tappend history lines from this session to the history file\n" +" -n\tread all history lines not already read from the history file\n" +" -r\tread the history file and append the contents to the history\n" +" \tlist\n" +" -w\twrite the current history to the history file\n" +" \tand append them to the history list\n" +" \n" +" -p\tperform history expansion on each ARG and display the result\n" +" \twithout storing it in the history list\n" +" -s\tappend the ARGs to the history list as a single entry\n" +" \n" +" If FILENAME is given, it is used as the history file. Otherwise,\n" +" if $HISTFILE has a value, that is used, else ~/.bash_history.\n" +" \n" +" If the $HISTTIMEFORMAT variable is set and not null, its value is used\n" +" as a format string for strftime(3) to print the time stamp associated\n" +" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed " +"otherwise.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:869 +msgid "" +"Display status of jobs.\n" +" \n" +" Lists the active jobs. JOBSPEC restricts output to that job.\n" +" Without options, the status of all active jobs is displayed.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -l\tlists process IDs in addition to the normal information\n" +" -n\tlists only processes that have changed status since the last\n" +" \tnotification\n" +" -p\tlists process IDs only\n" +" -r\trestrict output to running jobs\n" +" -s\trestrict output to stopped jobs\n" +" \n" +" If -x is supplied, COMMAND is run after all job specifications that\n" +" appear in ARGS have been replaced with the process ID of that job's\n" +" process group leader.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs.\n" +" If -x is used, returns the exit status of COMMAND." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:896 +msgid "" +"Remove jobs from current shell.\n" +" \n" +" Removes each JOBSPEC argument from the table of active jobs. Without\n" +" any JOBSPECs, the shell uses its notion of the current job.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -a\tremove all jobs if JOBSPEC is not supplied\n" +" -h\tmark each JOBSPEC so that SIGHUP is not sent to the job if the\n" +" \tshell receives a SIGHUP\n" +" -r\tremove only running jobs\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option or JOBSPEC is given." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:915 +msgid "" +"Send a signal to a job.\n" +" \n" +" Send the processes identified by PID or JOBSPEC the signal named by\n" +" SIGSPEC or SIGNUM. If neither SIGSPEC nor SIGNUM is present, then\n" +" SIGTERM is assumed.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -s sig\tSIG is a signal name\n" +" -n sig\tSIG is a signal number\n" +" -l\tlist the signal names; if arguments follow `-l' they are\n" +" \tassumed to be signal numbers for which names should be listed\n" +" \n" +" Kill is a shell builtin for two reasons: it allows job IDs to be used\n" +" instead of process IDs, and allows processes to be killed if the limit\n" +" on processes that you can create is reached.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:938 +msgid "" +"Evaluate arithmetic expressions.\n" +" \n" +" Evaluate each ARG as an arithmetic expression. Evaluation is done in\n" +" fixed-width integers with no check for overflow, though division by 0\n" +" is trapped and flagged as an error. The following list of operators is\n" +" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are " +"listed\n" +" in order of decreasing precedence.\n" +" \n" +" \tid++, id--\tvariable post-increment, post-decrement\n" +" \t++id, --id\tvariable pre-increment, pre-decrement\n" +" \t-, +\t\tunary minus, plus\n" +" \t!, ~\t\tlogical and bitwise negation\n" +" \t**\t\texponentiation\n" +" \t*, /, %\t\tmultiplication, division, remainder\n" +" \t+, -\t\taddition, subtraction\n" +" \t<<, >>\t\tleft and right bitwise shifts\n" +" \t<=, >=, <, >\tcomparison\n" +" \t==, !=\t\tequality, inequality\n" +" \t&\t\tbitwise AND\n" +" \t^\t\tbitwise XOR\n" +" \t|\t\tbitwise OR\n" +" \t&&\t\tlogical AND\n" +" \t||\t\tlogical OR\n" +" \texpr ? expr : expr\n" +" \t\t\tconditional operator\n" +" \t=, *=, /=, %=,\n" +" \t+=, -=, <<=, >>=,\n" +" \t&=, ^=, |=\tassignment\n" +" \n" +" Shell variables are allowed as operands. The name of the variable\n" +" is replaced by its value (coerced to a fixed-width integer) within\n" +" an expression. The variable need not have its integer attribute\n" +" turned on to be used in an expression.\n" +" \n" +" Operators are evaluated in order of precedence. Sub-expressions in\n" +" parentheses are evaluated first and may override the precedence\n" +" rules above.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" If the last ARG evaluates to 0, let returns 1; let returns 0 otherwise." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:983 +msgid "" +"Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.\n" +" \n" +" Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD\n" +" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with " +"word\n" +" splitting, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second\n" +" word to the second NAME, and so on, with any leftover words assigned to\n" +" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as " +"word\n" +" delimiters.\n" +" \n" +" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY " +"variable.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -a array\tassign the words read to sequential indices of the array\n" +" \t\tvariable ARRAY, starting at zero\n" +" -d delim\tcontinue until the first character of DELIM is read, rather\n" +" \t\tthan newline\n" +" -e\t\tuse Readline to obtain the line in an interactive shell\n" +" -i text\tUse TEXT as the initial text for Readline\n" +" -n nchars\treturn after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting\n" +" \t\tfor a newline, but honor a delimiter if fewer than NCHARS\n" +" \t\tcharacters are read before the delimiter\n" +" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, " +"unless\n" +" \t\tEOF is encountered or read times out, ignoring any delimiter\n" +" -p prompt\toutput the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before\n" +" \t\tattempting to read\n" +" -r\t\tdo not allow backslashes to escape any characters\n" +" -s\t\tdo not echo input coming from a terminal\n" +" -t timeout\ttime out and return failure if a complete line of input " +"is\n" +" \t\tnot read within TIMEOUT seconds. The value of the TMOUT\n" +" \t\tvariable is the default timeout. TIMEOUT may be a\n" +" \t\tfractional number. If TIMEOUT is 0, read returns immediately,\n" +" \t\twithout trying to read any data, returning success only if\n" +" \t\tinput is available on the specified file descriptor. The\n" +" \t\texit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is exceeded\n" +" -u fd\t\tread from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times " +"out\n" +" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error " +"occurs,\n" +" or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1028 +msgid "" +"Return from a shell function.\n" +" \n" +" Causes a function or sourced script to exit with the return value\n" +" specified by N. If N is omitted, the return status is that of the\n" +" last command executed within the function or script.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns N, or failure if the shell is not executing a function or script." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1041 +msgid "" +"Set or unset values of shell options and positional parameters.\n" +" \n" +" Change the value of shell attributes and positional parameters, or\n" +" display the names and values of shell variables.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -a Mark variables which are modified or created for export.\n" +" -b Notify of job termination immediately.\n" +" -e Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status.\n" +" -f Disable file name generation (globbing).\n" +" -h Remember the location of commands as they are looked up.\n" +" -k All assignment arguments are placed in the environment for a\n" +" command, not just those that precede the command name.\n" +" -m Job control is enabled.\n" +" -n Read commands but do not execute them.\n" +" -o option-name\n" +" Set the variable corresponding to option-name:\n" +" allexport same as -a\n" +" braceexpand same as -B\n" +" emacs use an emacs-style line editing interface\n" +" errexit same as -e\n" +" errtrace same as -E\n" +" functrace same as -T\n" +" hashall same as -h\n" +" histexpand same as -H\n" +" history enable command history\n" +" ignoreeof the shell will not exit upon reading EOF\n" +" interactive-comments\n" +" allow comments to appear in interactive commands\n" +" keyword same as -k\n" +" monitor same as -m\n" +" noclobber same as -C\n" +" noexec same as -n\n" +" noglob same as -f\n" +" nolog currently accepted but ignored\n" +" notify same as -b\n" +" nounset same as -u\n" +" onecmd same as -t\n" +" physical same as -P\n" +" pipefail the return value of a pipeline is the status of\n" +" the last command to exit with a non-zero status,\n" +" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero " +"status\n" +" posix change the behavior of bash where the default\n" +" operation differs from the Posix standard to\n" +" match the standard\n" +" privileged same as -p\n" +" verbose same as -v\n" +" vi use a vi-style line editing interface\n" +" xtrace same as -x\n" +" -p Turned on whenever the real and effective user ids do not match.\n" +" Disables processing of the $ENV file and importing of shell\n" +" functions. Turning this option off causes the effective uid and\n" +" gid to be set to the real uid and gid.\n" +" -t Exit after reading and executing one command.\n" +" -u Treat unset variables as an error when substituting.\n" +" -v Print shell input lines as they are read.\n" +" -x Print commands and their arguments as they are executed.\n" +" -B the shell will perform brace expansion\n" +" -C If set, disallow existing regular files to be overwritten\n" +" by redirection of output.\n" +" -E If set, the ERR trap is inherited by shell functions.\n" +" -H Enable ! style history substitution. This flag is on\n" +" by default when the shell is interactive.\n" +" -P If set, do not resolve symbolic links when executing commands\n" +" such as cd which change the current directory.\n" +" -T If set, the DEBUG trap is inherited by shell functions.\n" +" -- Assign any remaining arguments to the positional parameters.\n" +" If there are no remaining arguments, the positional parameters\n" +" are unset.\n" +" - Assign any remaining arguments to the positional parameters.\n" +" The -x and -v options are turned off.\n" +" \n" +" Using + rather than - causes these flags to be turned off. The\n" +" flags can also be used upon invocation of the shell. The current\n" +" set of flags may be found in $-. The remaining n ARGs are positional\n" +" parameters and are assigned, in order, to $1, $2, .. $n. If no\n" +" ARGs are given, all shell variables are printed.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is given." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1126 +msgid "" +"Unset values and attributes of shell variables and functions.\n" +" \n" +" For each NAME, remove the corresponding variable or function.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -f\ttreat each NAME as a shell function\n" +" -v\ttreat each NAME as a shell variable\n" +" -n\ttreat each NAME as a name reference and unset the variable itself\n" +" \trather than the variable it references\n" +" \n" +" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that " +"fails,\n" +" tries to unset a function.\n" +" \n" +" Some variables cannot be unset; also see `readonly'.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a NAME is read-only." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1148 +msgid "" +"Set export attribute for shell variables.\n" +" \n" +" Marks each NAME for automatic export to the environment of subsequently\n" +" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before " +"exporting.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -f\trefer to shell functions\n" +" -n\tremove the export property from each NAME\n" +" -p\tdisplay a list of all exported variables and functions\n" +" \n" +" An argument of `--' disables further option processing.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or NAME is invalid." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1167 +msgid "" +"Mark shell variables as unchangeable.\n" +" \n" +" Mark each NAME as read-only; the values of these NAMEs may not be\n" +" changed by subsequent assignment. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE\n" +" before marking as read-only.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -a\trefer to indexed array variables\n" +" -A\trefer to associative array variables\n" +" -f\trefer to shell functions\n" +" -p\tdisplay a list of all readonly variables or functions, depending " +"on\n" +" whether or not the -f option is given\n" +" \n" +" An argument of `--' disables further option processing.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or NAME is invalid." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1189 +msgid "" +"Shift positional parameters.\n" +" \n" +" Rename the positional parameters $N+1,$N+2 ... to $1,$2 ... If N is\n" +" not given, it is assumed to be 1.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless N is negative or greater than $#." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1201 builtins.c:1216 +msgid "" +"Execute commands from a file in the current shell.\n" +" \n" +" Read and execute commands from FILENAME in the current shell. The\n" +" entries in $PATH are used to find the directory containing FILENAME.\n" +" If any ARGUMENTS are supplied, they become the positional parameters\n" +" when FILENAME is executed.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last command executed in FILENAME; fails if\n" +" FILENAME cannot be read." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1232 +msgid "" +"Suspend shell execution.\n" +" \n" +" Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SIGCONT signal.\n" +" Unless forced, login shells cannot be suspended.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -f\tforce the suspend, even if the shell is a login shell\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless job control is not enabled or an error occurs." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1248 +msgid "" +"Evaluate conditional expression.\n" +" \n" +" Exits with a status of 0 (true) or 1 (false) depending on\n" +" the evaluation of EXPR. Expressions may be unary or binary. Unary\n" +" expressions are often used to examine the status of a file. There\n" +" are string operators and numeric comparison operators as well.\n" +" \n" +" The behavior of test depends on the number of arguments. Read the\n" +" bash manual page for the complete specification.\n" +" \n" +" File operators:\n" +" \n" +" -a FILE True if file exists.\n" +" -b FILE True if file is block special.\n" +" -c FILE True if file is character special.\n" +" -d FILE True if file is a directory.\n" +" -e FILE True if file exists.\n" +" -f FILE True if file exists and is a regular file.\n" +" -g FILE True if file is set-group-id.\n" +" -h FILE True if file is a symbolic link.\n" +" -L FILE True if file is a symbolic link.\n" +" -k FILE True if file has its `sticky' bit set.\n" +" -p FILE True if file is a named pipe.\n" +" -r FILE True if file is readable by you.\n" +" -s FILE True if file exists and is not empty.\n" +" -S FILE True if file is a socket.\n" +" -t FD True if FD is opened on a terminal.\n" +" -u FILE True if the file is set-user-id.\n" +" -w FILE True if the file is writable by you.\n" +" -x FILE True if the file is executable by you.\n" +" -O FILE True if the file is effectively owned by you.\n" +" -G FILE True if the file is effectively owned by your group.\n" +" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last " +"read.\n" +" \n" +" FILE1 -nt FILE2 True if file1 is newer than file2 (according to\n" +" modification date).\n" +" \n" +" FILE1 -ot FILE2 True if file1 is older than file2.\n" +" \n" +" FILE1 -ef FILE2 True if file1 is a hard link to file2.\n" +" \n" +" String operators:\n" +" \n" +" -z STRING True if string is empty.\n" +" \n" +" -n STRING\n" +" STRING True if string is not empty.\n" +" \n" +" STRING1 = STRING2\n" +" True if the strings are equal.\n" +" STRING1 != STRING2\n" +" True if the strings are not equal.\n" +" STRING1 < STRING2\n" +" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 " +"lexicographically.\n" +" STRING1 > STRING2\n" +" True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically.\n" +" \n" +" Other operators:\n" +" \n" +" -o OPTION True if the shell option OPTION is enabled.\n" +" -v VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set\n" +" -R VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set and is a name " +"reference.\n" +" ! EXPR True if expr is false.\n" +" EXPR1 -a EXPR2 True if both expr1 AND expr2 are true.\n" +" EXPR1 -o EXPR2 True if either expr1 OR expr2 is true.\n" +" \n" +" arg1 OP arg2 Arithmetic tests. OP is one of -eq, -ne,\n" +" -lt, -le, -gt, or -ge.\n" +" \n" +" Arithmetic binary operators return true if ARG1 is equal, not-equal,\n" +" less-than, less-than-or-equal, greater-than, or greater-than-or-equal\n" +" than ARG2.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success if EXPR evaluates to true; fails if EXPR evaluates to\n" +" false or an invalid argument is given." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1329 +msgid "" +"Evaluate conditional expression.\n" +" \n" +" This is a synonym for the \"test\" builtin, but the last argument must\n" +" be a literal `]', to match the opening `['." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1338 +msgid "" +"Display process times.\n" +" \n" +" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of " +"its\n" +" child processes.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Always succeeds." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1350 +msgid "" +"Trap signals and other events.\n" +" \n" +" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives " +"signals\n" +" or other conditions.\n" +" \n" +" ARG is a command to be read and executed when the shell receives the\n" +" signal(s) SIGNAL_SPEC. If ARG is absent (and a single SIGNAL_SPEC\n" +" is supplied) or `-', each specified signal is reset to its original\n" +" value. If ARG is the null string each SIGNAL_SPEC is ignored by the\n" +" shell and by the commands it invokes.\n" +" \n" +" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. " +"If\n" +" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. " +"If\n" +" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or " +"a\n" +" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A " +"SIGNAL_SPEC\n" +" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause " +"the\n" +" shell to exit when the -e option is enabled.\n" +" \n" +" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands " +"associated\n" +" with each signal.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -l\tprint a list of signal names and their corresponding numbers\n" +" -p\tdisplay the trap commands associated with each SIGNAL_SPEC\n" +" \n" +" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in or a signal " +"number.\n" +" Signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. A\n" +" signal may be sent to the shell with \"kill -signal $$\".\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is " +"given." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1386 +msgid "" +"Display information about command type.\n" +" \n" +" For each NAME, indicate how it would be interpreted if used as a\n" +" command name.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -a\tdisplay all locations containing an executable named NAME;\n" +" \tincludes aliases, builtins, and functions, if and only if\n" +" \tthe `-p' option is not also used\n" +" -f\tsuppress shell function lookup\n" +" -P\tforce a PATH search for each NAME, even if it is an alias,\n" +" \tbuiltin, or function, and returns the name of the disk file\n" +" \tthat would be executed\n" +" -p\treturns either the name of the disk file that would be executed,\n" +" \tor nothing if `type -t NAME' would not return `file'.\n" +" -t\toutput a single word which is one of `alias', `keyword',\n" +" \t`function', `builtin', `file' or `', if NAME is an alias, shell\n" +" \treserved word, shell function, shell builtin, disk file, or not\n" +" \tfound, respectively\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" NAME\tCommand name to be interpreted.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not " +"found." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1417 +msgid "" +"Modify shell resource limits.\n" +" \n" +" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and " +"processes\n" +" it creates, on systems that allow such control.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -S\tuse the `soft' resource limit\n" +" -H\tuse the `hard' resource limit\n" +" -a\tall current limits are reported\n" +" -b\tthe socket buffer size\n" +" -c\tthe maximum size of core files created\n" +" -d\tthe maximum size of a process's data segment\n" +" -e\tthe maximum scheduling priority (`nice')\n" +" -f\tthe maximum size of files written by the shell and its children\n" +" -i\tthe maximum number of pending signals\n" +" -l\tthe maximum size a process may lock into memory\n" +" -m\tthe maximum resident set size\n" +" -n\tthe maximum number of open file descriptors\n" +" -p\tthe pipe buffer size\n" +" -q\tthe maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues\n" +" -r\tthe maximum real-time scheduling priority\n" +" -s\tthe maximum stack size\n" +" -t\tthe maximum amount of cpu time in seconds\n" +" -u\tthe maximum number of user processes\n" +" -v\tthe size of virtual memory\n" +" -x\tthe maximum number of file locks\n" +" -T the maximum number of threads\n" +" \n" +" Not all options are available on all platforms.\n" +" \n" +" If LIMIT is given, it is the new value of the specified resource; the\n" +" special LIMIT values `soft', `hard', and `unlimited' stand for the\n" +" current soft limit, the current hard limit, and no limit, respectively.\n" +" Otherwise, the current value of the specified resource is printed. If\n" +" no option is given, then -f is assumed.\n" +" \n" +" Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -t, which is in seconds,\n" +" -p, which is in increments of 512 bytes, and -u, which is an unscaled\n" +" number of processes.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1465 +msgid "" +"Display or set file mode mask.\n" +" \n" +" Sets the user file-creation mask to MODE. If MODE is omitted, prints\n" +" the current value of the mask.\n" +" \n" +" If MODE begins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number;\n" +" otherwise it is a symbolic mode string like that accepted by chmod(1).\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -p\tif MODE is omitted, output in a form that may be reused as input\n" +" -S\tmakes the output symbolic; otherwise an octal number is output\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless MODE is invalid or an invalid option is given." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1485 +msgid "" +"Wait for job completion and return exit status.\n" +" \n" +" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or " +"a\n" +" job specification, and reports its termination status. If ID is not\n" +" given, waits for all currently active child processes, and the return\n" +" status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all " +"processes\n" +" in that job's pipeline.\n" +" \n" +" If the -n option is supplied, waits for the next job to terminate and\n" +" returns its exit status.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last ID; fails if ID is invalid or an invalid\n" +" option is given." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1506 +msgid "" +"Wait for process completion and return exit status.\n" +" \n" +" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination " +"status.\n" +" If PID is not given, waits for all currently active child processes,\n" +" and the return status is zero. PID must be a process ID.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an " +"invalid\n" +" option is given." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1521 +msgid "" +"Execute commands for each member in a list.\n" +" \n" +" The `for' loop executes a sequence of commands for each member in a\n" +" list of items. If `in WORDS ...;' is not present, then `in \"$@\"' is\n" +" assumed. For each element in WORDS, NAME is set to that element, and\n" +" the COMMANDS are executed.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last command executed." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1535 +msgid "" +"Arithmetic for loop.\n" +" \n" +" Equivalent to\n" +" \t(( EXP1 ))\n" +" \twhile (( EXP2 )); do\n" +" \t\tCOMMANDS\n" +" \t\t(( EXP3 ))\n" +" \tdone\n" +" EXP1, EXP2, and EXP3 are arithmetic expressions. If any expression is\n" +" omitted, it behaves as if it evaluates to 1.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last command executed." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1553 +msgid "" +"Select words from a list and execute commands.\n" +" \n" +" The WORDS are expanded, generating a list of words. The\n" +" set of expanded words is printed on the standard error, each\n" +" preceded by a number. If `in WORDS' is not present, `in \"$@\"'\n" +" is assumed. The PS3 prompt is then displayed and a line read\n" +" from the standard input. If the line consists of the number\n" +" corresponding to one of the displayed words, then NAME is set\n" +" to that word. If the line is empty, WORDS and the prompt are\n" +" redisplayed. If EOF is read, the command completes. Any other\n" +" value read causes NAME to be set to null. The line read is saved\n" +" in the variable REPLY. COMMANDS are executed after each selection\n" +" until a break command is executed.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last command executed." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1574 +msgid "" +"Report time consumed by pipeline's execution.\n" +" \n" +" Execute PIPELINE and print a summary of the real time, user CPU time,\n" +" and system CPU time spent executing PIPELINE when it terminates.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -p\tprint the timing summary in the portable Posix format\n" +" \n" +" The value of the TIMEFORMAT variable is used as the output format.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" The return status is the return status of PIPELINE." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1591 +msgid "" +"Execute commands based on pattern matching.\n" +" \n" +" Selectively execute COMMANDS based upon WORD matching PATTERN. The\n" +" `|' is used to separate multiple patterns.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last command executed." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1603 +msgid "" +"Execute commands based on conditional.\n" +" \n" +" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then " +"the\n" +" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list " +"is\n" +" executed in turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding\n" +" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. " +"Otherwise,\n" +" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of " +"the\n" +" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or " +"zero\n" +" if no condition tested true.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last command executed." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1620 +msgid "" +"Execute commands as long as a test succeeds.\n" +" \n" +" Expand and execute COMMANDS as long as the final command in the\n" +" `while' COMMANDS has an exit status of zero.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last command executed." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1632 +msgid "" +"Execute commands as long as a test does not succeed.\n" +" \n" +" Expand and execute COMMANDS as long as the final command in the\n" +" `until' COMMANDS has an exit status which is not zero.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last command executed." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1644 +msgid "" +"Create a coprocess named NAME.\n" +" \n" +" Execute COMMAND asynchronously, with the standard output and standard\n" +" input of the command connected via a pipe to file descriptors assigned\n" +" to indices 0 and 1 of an array variable NAME in the executing shell.\n" +" The default NAME is \"COPROC\".\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the exit status of COMMAND." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1658 +msgid "" +"Define shell function.\n" +" \n" +" Create a shell function named NAME. When invoked as a simple command,\n" +" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is " +"invoked,\n" +" the arguments are passed to the function as $1...$n, and the function's\n" +" name is in $FUNCNAME.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless NAME is readonly." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1672 +msgid "" +"Group commands as a unit.\n" +" \n" +" Run a set of commands in a group. This is one way to redirect an\n" +" entire set of commands.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last command executed." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1684 +msgid "" +"Resume job in foreground.\n" +" \n" +" Equivalent to the JOB_SPEC argument to the `fg' command. Resume a\n" +" stopped or background job. JOB_SPEC can specify either a job name\n" +" or a job number. Following JOB_SPEC with a `&' places the job in\n" +" the background, as if the job specification had been supplied as an\n" +" argument to `bg'.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the resumed job." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1699 +msgid "" +"Evaluate arithmetic expression.\n" +" \n" +" The EXPRESSION is evaluated according to the rules for arithmetic\n" +" evaluation. Equivalent to \"let EXPRESSION\".\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns 1 if EXPRESSION evaluates to 0; returns 0 otherwise." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1711 +msgid "" +"Execute conditional command.\n" +" \n" +" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the " +"conditional\n" +" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries " +"used\n" +" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following " +"operators:\n" +" \n" +" ( EXPRESSION )\tReturns the value of EXPRESSION\n" +" ! EXPRESSION\t\tTrue if EXPRESSION is false; else false\n" +" EXPR1 && EXPR2\tTrue if both EXPR1 and EXPR2 are true; else false\n" +" EXPR1 || EXPR2\tTrue if either EXPR1 or EXPR2 is true; else false\n" +" \n" +" When the `==' and `!=' operators are used, the string to the right of\n" +" the operator is used as a pattern and pattern matching is performed.\n" +" When the `=~' operator is used, the string to the right of the operator\n" +" is matched as a regular expression.\n" +" \n" +" The && and || operators do not evaluate EXPR2 if EXPR1 is sufficient to\n" +" determine the expression's value.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" 0 or 1 depending on value of EXPRESSION." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1737 +msgid "" +"Common shell variable names and usage.\n" +" \n" +" BASH_VERSION\tVersion information for this Bash.\n" +" CDPATH\tA colon-separated list of directories to search\n" +" \t\tfor directories given as arguments to `cd'.\n" +" GLOBIGNORE\tA colon-separated list of patterns describing filenames to\n" +" \t\tbe ignored by pathname expansion.\n" +" HISTFILE\tThe name of the file where your command history is stored.\n" +" HISTFILESIZE\tThe maximum number of lines this file can contain.\n" +" HISTSIZE\tThe maximum number of history lines that a running\n" +" \t\tshell can access.\n" +" HOME\tThe complete pathname to your login directory.\n" +" HOSTNAME\tThe name of the current host.\n" +" HOSTTYPE\tThe type of CPU this version of Bash is running under.\n" +" IGNOREEOF\tControls the action of the shell on receipt of an EOF\n" +" \t\tcharacter as the sole input. If set, then the value\n" +" \t\tof it is the number of EOF characters that can be seen\n" +" \t\tin a row on an empty line before the shell will exit\n" +" \t\t(default 10). When unset, EOF signifies the end of input.\n" +" MACHTYPE\tA string describing the current system Bash is running on.\n" +" MAILCHECK\tHow often, in seconds, Bash checks for new mail.\n" +" MAILPATH\tA colon-separated list of filenames which Bash checks\n" +" \t\tfor new mail.\n" +" OSTYPE\tThe version of Unix this version of Bash is running on.\n" +" PATH\tA colon-separated list of directories to search when\n" +" \t\tlooking for commands.\n" +" PROMPT_COMMAND\tA command to be executed before the printing of each\n" +" \t\tprimary prompt.\n" +" PS1\t\tThe primary prompt string.\n" +" PS2\t\tThe secondary prompt string.\n" +" PWD\t\tThe full pathname of the current directory.\n" +" SHELLOPTS\tA colon-separated list of enabled shell options.\n" +" TERM\tThe name of the current terminal type.\n" +" TIMEFORMAT\tThe output format for timing statistics displayed by the\n" +" \t\t`time' reserved word.\n" +" auto_resume\tNon-null means a command word appearing on a line by\n" +" \t\titself is first looked for in the list of currently\n" +" \t\tstopped jobs. If found there, that job is foregrounded.\n" +" \t\tA value of `exact' means that the command word must\n" +" \t\texactly match a command in the list of stopped jobs. A\n" +" \t\tvalue of `substring' means that the command word must\n" +" \t\tmatch a substring of the job. Any other value means that\n" +" \t\tthe command must be a prefix of a stopped job.\n" +" histchars\tCharacters controlling history expansion and quick\n" +" \t\tsubstitution. The first character is the history\n" +" \t\tsubstitution character, usually `!'. The second is\n" +" \t\tthe `quick substitution' character, usually `^'. The\n" +" \t\tthird is the `history comment' character, usually `#'.\n" +" HISTIGNORE\tA colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which\n" +" \t\tcommands should be saved on the history list.\n" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1794 +msgid "" +"Add directories to stack.\n" +" \n" +" Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates\n" +" the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working\n" +" directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -n\tSuppresses the normal change of directory when adding\n" +" \tdirectories to the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" +N\tRotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting\n" +" \tfrom the left of the list shown by `dirs', starting with\n" +" \tzero) is at the top.\n" +" \n" +" -N\tRotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting\n" +" \tfrom the right of the list shown by `dirs', starting with\n" +" \tzero) is at the top.\n" +" \n" +" dir\tAdds DIR to the directory stack at the top, making it the\n" +" \tnew current working directory.\n" +" \n" +" The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid argument is supplied or the directory\n" +" change fails." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1828 +msgid "" +"Remove directories from stack.\n" +" \n" +" Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments, removes\n" +" the top directory from the stack, and changes to the new top directory.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -n\tSuppresses the normal change of directory when removing\n" +" \tdirectories from the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" +N\tRemoves the Nth entry counting from the left of the list\n" +" \tshown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd +0'\n" +" \tremoves the first directory, `popd +1' the second.\n" +" \n" +" -N\tRemoves the Nth entry counting from the right of the list\n" +" \tshown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd -0'\n" +" \tremoves the last directory, `popd -1' the next to last.\n" +" \n" +" The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid argument is supplied or the directory\n" +" change fails." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1858 +msgid "" +"Display directory stack.\n" +" \n" +" Display the list of currently remembered directories. Directories\n" +" find their way onto the list with the `pushd' command; you can get\n" +" back up through the list with the `popd' command.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -c\tclear the directory stack by deleting all of the elements\n" +" -l\tdo not print tilde-prefixed versions of directories relative\n" +" \tto your home directory\n" +" -p\tprint the directory stack with one entry per line\n" +" -v\tprint the directory stack with one entry per line prefixed\n" +" \twith its position in the stack\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown " +"by\n" +" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n" +" \n" +" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown " +"by\n" +" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1887 +msgid "" +"Set and unset shell options.\n" +" \n" +" Change the setting of each shell option OPTNAME. Without any option\n" +" arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not " +"each\n" +" is set.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -o\trestrict OPTNAMEs to those defined for use with `set -o'\n" +" -p\tprint each shell option with an indication of its status\n" +" -q\tsuppress output\n" +" -s\tenable (set) each OPTNAME\n" +" -u\tdisable (unset) each OPTNAME\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success if OPTNAME is enabled; fails if an invalid option is\n" +" given or OPTNAME is disabled." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1908 +msgid "" +"Formats and prints ARGUMENTS under control of the FORMAT.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -v var\tassign the output to shell variable VAR rather than\n" +" \t\tdisplay it on the standard output\n" +" \n" +" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: " +"plain\n" +" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character " +"escape\n" +" sequences, which are converted and copied to the standard output; and\n" +" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next " +"successive\n" +" argument.\n" +" \n" +" In addition to the standard format specifications described in " +"printf(1),\n" +" printf interprets:\n" +" \n" +" %b\texpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding argument\n" +" %q\tquote the argument in a way that can be reused as shell input\n" +" %(fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a " +"format\n" +" string for strftime(3)\n" +" \n" +" The format is re-used as necessary to consume all of the arguments. If\n" +" there are fewer arguments than the format requires, extra format\n" +" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as " +"appropriate,\n" +" had been supplied.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or " +"assignment\n" +" error occurs." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1942 +msgid "" +"Specify how arguments are to be completed by Readline.\n" +" \n" +" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no " +"options\n" +" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way " +"that\n" +" allows them to be reused as input.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -p\tprint existing completion specifications in a reusable format\n" +" -r\tremove a completion specification for each NAME, or, if no\n" +" \tNAMEs are supplied, all completion specifications\n" +" -D\tapply the completions and actions as the default for commands\n" +" \twithout any specific completion defined\n" +" -E\tapply the completions and actions to \"empty\" commands --\n" +" \tcompletion attempted on a blank line\n" +" \n" +" When completion is attempted, the actions are applied in the order the\n" +" uppercase-letter options are listed above. The -D option takes\n" +" precedence over -E.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1970 +msgid "" +"Display possible completions depending on the options.\n" +" \n" +" Intended to be used from within a shell function generating possible\n" +" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches " +"against\n" +" WORD are generated.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:1985 +msgid "" +"Modify or display completion options.\n" +" \n" +" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are " +"supplied,\n" +" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, " +"print\n" +" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion " +"specification.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" \t-o option\tSet completion option OPTION for each NAME\n" +" \t-D\t\tChange options for the \"default\" command completion\n" +" \t-E\t\tChange options for the \"empty\" command completion\n" +" \n" +" Using `+o' instead of `-o' turns off the specified option.\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" \n" +" Each NAME refers to a command for which a completion specification must\n" +" have previously been defined using the `complete' builtin. If no NAMEs\n" +" are supplied, compopt must be called by a function currently generating\n" +" completions, and the options for that currently-executing completion\n" +" generator are modified.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or NAME does not\n" +" have a completion specification defined." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:2015 +msgid "" +"Read lines from the standard input into an indexed array variable.\n" +" \n" +" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable " +"ARRAY, or\n" +" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable " +"MAPFILE\n" +" is the default ARRAY.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are " +"copied.\n" +" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default " +"index is 0.\n" +" -s count \tDiscard the first COUNT lines read.\n" +" -t\t\tRemove a trailing newline from each line read.\n" +" -u fd\t\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard " +"input.\n" +" -C callback\tEvaluate CALLBACK each time QUANTUM lines are read.\n" +" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to " +"CALLBACK.\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" ARRAY\t\tArray variable name to use for file data.\n" +" \n" +" If -C is supplied without -c, the default quantum is 5000. When\n" +" CALLBACK is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next array\n" +" element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that element\n" +" as additional arguments.\n" +" \n" +" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY " +"before\n" +" assigning to it.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly " +"or\n" +" not an indexed array." +msgstr "" + +#: builtins.c:2049 +msgid "" +"Read lines from a file into an array variable.\n" +" \n" +" A synonym for `mapfile'." +msgstr "" diff --git a/po/nb.po b/po/nb.po new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bc9e906e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/po/nb.po @@ -0,0 +1,5293 @@ +# Norwegian (bokmål) translation of GNU Bash +# Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# This file is distributed under the same license as the bash package. +# Åka Sikrom , 2015. +# +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: bash-4.3-rc2\n" +"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-01-23 16:04-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-06-02 09:39+0100\n" +"Last-Translator: Åka Sikrom \n" +"Language-Team: Norwegian Bokmaal \n" +"Language: Norwegian bokmål\n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n" +"X-Generator: Poedit 1.5.4\n" +"X-Poedit-Language: Norwegian Bokmål\n" +"X-Poedit-Country: NORWAY\n" + +#: arrayfunc.c:51 +msgid "bad array subscript" +msgstr "feil i rekke-underskript" + +#: arrayfunc.c:356 builtins/declare.def:566 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot convert indexed to associative array" +msgstr "%s: indeksert rekke kan ikke konverteres til assosiativ rekke" + +#: arrayfunc.c:539 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid associative array key" +msgstr "%s: ugyldig nøkkel for assosiativ rekke" + +#: arrayfunc.c:541 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot assign to non-numeric index" +msgstr "%s: kan ikke tildeles ikke-numerisk indeks" + +#: arrayfunc.c:586 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: %s: must use subscript when assigning associative array" +msgstr "%s: %s: underskript må brukes ved tildeling av assosiative rekker" + +#: bashhist.c:388 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot create: %s" +msgstr "%s: klarte ikke å opprette: %s" + +#: bashline.c:3971 +msgid "bash_execute_unix_command: cannot find keymap for command" +msgstr "bash_execute_unix_command: fant ikke tastaturoppsett for kommando" + +#: bashline.c:4058 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: first non-whitespace character is not `\"'" +msgstr "%s: første ikke-blanktegn må være «\"»" + +#: bashline.c:4087 +#, c-format +msgid "no closing `%c' in %s" +msgstr "avsluttende «%c» mangler i %s" + +#: bashline.c:4121 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: missing colon separator" +msgstr "%s: kolon-skilletegn mangler" + +#: braces.c:321 +#, c-format +msgid "brace expansion: cannot allocate memory for %s" +msgstr "brace-utvidelse: klarte ikke å tildele minne for %s" + +#: braces.c:413 +#, c-format +msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for %d elements" +msgstr "brace-utvidelse: klarte ikke å tildele minne for %d elementer" + +#: braces.c:452 +#, c-format +msgid "brace expansion: failed to allocate memory for `%s'" +msgstr "brace-utvidelse: klarte ikke å tildele minne for «%s»" + +#: builtins/alias.def:132 +#, c-format +msgid "`%s': invalid alias name" +msgstr "«%s»: ugyldig alias" + +#: builtins/bind.def:123 builtins/bind.def:126 +msgid "line editing not enabled" +msgstr "linjeredigering er ikke slått på" + +#: builtins/bind.def:212 +#, c-format +msgid "`%s': invalid keymap name" +msgstr "«%s»: ugyldig navn på tastaturoppsett" + +#: builtins/bind.def:251 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot read: %s" +msgstr "%s: klarte ikke å lese: %s" + +#: builtins/bind.def:266 +#, c-format +msgid "`%s': cannot unbind" +msgstr "«%s»: klarte ikke å fjerne tildeling" + +#: builtins/bind.def:304 builtins/bind.def:334 +#, c-format +msgid "`%s': unknown function name" +msgstr "«%s»: ukjent funksjonsnavn" + +#: builtins/bind.def:312 +#, c-format +msgid "%s is not bound to any keys.\n" +msgstr "%s er ikke tilknyttet en knapp.\n" + +#: builtins/bind.def:316 +#, c-format +msgid "%s can be invoked via " +msgstr "%s kan startes via" + +#: builtins/break.def:77 builtins/break.def:117 +msgid "loop count" +msgstr "antall sløyfer" + +#: builtins/break.def:137 +msgid "only meaningful in a `for', `while', or `until' loop" +msgstr "gir bare mening i «for»-, «while»- og «until»-sløyfer" + +#: builtins/caller.def:134 +msgid "" +"Returns the context of the current subroutine call.\n" +" \n" +" Without EXPR, returns " +msgstr "" +"Viser kontekst for kall av gjeldende underrutine.\n" +" \n" +" Hvis EXPR mangler, vises" + +#: builtins/cd.def:319 +msgid "HOME not set" +msgstr "HOME har ingen verdi" + +#: builtins/cd.def:327 builtins/common.c:166 test.c:855 +msgid "too many arguments" +msgstr "for mange argumenter" + +#: builtins/cd.def:338 +msgid "OLDPWD not set" +msgstr "OLDPWD har ingen verdi" + +#: builtins/common.c:101 +#, c-format +msgid "line %d: " +msgstr "linje %d: " + +#: builtins/common.c:139 error.c:265 +#, c-format +msgid "warning: " +msgstr "advarsel:" + +#: builtins/common.c:153 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: usage: " +msgstr "%s: bruk: " + +#: builtins/common.c:191 shell.c:506 shell.c:788 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: option requires an argument" +msgstr "%s: valget krever et argument" + +#: builtins/common.c:198 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: numeric argument required" +msgstr "%s: valget krever et tall-argument" + +#: builtins/common.c:205 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: not found" +msgstr "%s: ikke funnet" + +#: builtins/common.c:214 shell.c:801 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid option" +msgstr "%s: ugyldig valg" + +#: builtins/common.c:221 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid option name" +msgstr "%s: ugyldig valgnavn" + +#: builtins/common.c:228 general.c:234 general.c:239 +#, c-format +msgid "`%s': not a valid identifier" +msgstr "«%s»: ugyldig navn" + +#: builtins/common.c:238 +msgid "invalid octal number" +msgstr "ugyldig oktal-tall" + +#: builtins/common.c:240 +msgid "invalid hex number" +msgstr "ugldig heksadesimalt tall" + +#: builtins/common.c:242 expr.c:1470 +msgid "invalid number" +msgstr "ugyldig tall" + +#: builtins/common.c:250 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid signal specification" +msgstr "%s: ugyldig signalspesifikasjon" + +#: builtins/common.c:257 +#, c-format +msgid "`%s': not a pid or valid job spec" +msgstr "«%s» er hverken hverken et PID eller en gyldig jobbspesifikasjon" + +#: builtins/common.c:264 error.c:488 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: readonly variable" +msgstr "%s: skrivebeskyttet variabel" + +#: builtins/common.c:272 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: %s out of range" +msgstr "%s: %s er utenfor rekkevidde" + +#: builtins/common.c:272 builtins/common.c:274 +msgid "argument" +msgstr "argument" + +#: builtins/common.c:274 +#, c-format +msgid "%s out of range" +msgstr "%s er utenfor rekkevidde" + +#: builtins/common.c:282 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: no such job" +msgstr "%s: jobben finnes ikke" + +#: builtins/common.c:290 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: no job control" +msgstr "%s: ingen jobbkontroll" + +#: builtins/common.c:292 +msgid "no job control" +msgstr "ingen jobbkontroll" + +#: builtins/common.c:302 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: restricted" +msgstr "%s: begrenset" + +#: builtins/common.c:304 +msgid "restricted" +msgstr "begrenset" + +#: builtins/common.c:312 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: not a shell builtin" +msgstr "%s: ikke innebygd i skall" + +#: builtins/common.c:321 +#, c-format +msgid "write error: %s" +msgstr "skrivefeil: %s" + +#: builtins/common.c:329 +#, c-format +msgid "error setting terminal attributes: %s" +msgstr "feil ved endring av terminal-egenskaper: %s" + +#: builtins/common.c:331 +#, c-format +msgid "error getting terminal attributes: %s" +msgstr "feil ved henting av terminal-egenskaper: %s" + +#: builtins/common.c:563 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: error retrieving current directory: %s: %s\n" +msgstr "%s: feil ved henting av gjeldende mappe: %s: %s\n" + +#: builtins/common.c:629 builtins/common.c:631 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: ambiguous job spec" +msgstr "%s: flertydig jobbspesifikasjon" + +#: builtins/complete.def:277 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid action name" +msgstr "%s: ugyldig handlingsnavn" + +#: builtins/complete.def:450 builtins/complete.def:645 +#: builtins/complete.def:855 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: no completion specification" +msgstr "%s: ingen spesifikasjon for fullføring" + +#: builtins/complete.def:697 +msgid "warning: -F option may not work as you expect" +msgstr "advarsel: valget «-F» virker kanskje ikke slik du forventer" + +#: builtins/complete.def:699 +msgid "warning: -C option may not work as you expect" +msgstr "advarsel: valget «-C» virker kanskje ikke slik du forventer" + +#: builtins/complete.def:828 +msgid "not currently executing completion function" +msgstr "fullføringsfunksjon kjøres ikke nå" + +#: builtins/declare.def:126 +msgid "can only be used in a function" +msgstr "kan bare brukes i funksjoner" + +#: builtins/declare.def:315 builtins/declare.def:509 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: reference variable cannot be an array" +msgstr "%s: referansevariabler kan ikke være rekker (arrays)" + +#: builtins/declare.def:324 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: nameref variable self references not allowed" +msgstr "%s: navnref.-variabler kan ikke referere til seg selv" + +#: builtins/declare.def:398 +msgid "cannot use `-f' to make functions" +msgstr "valget«-f» kan ikke brukes til å lage funksjoner" + +#: builtins/declare.def:410 execute_cmd.c:5349 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: readonly function" +msgstr "%s: skrivebeskyttet funksjon" + +#: builtins/declare.def:553 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot destroy array variables in this way" +msgstr "%s: rekkevariabler kan ikke ødelegges på denne måten" + +#: builtins/declare.def:560 builtins/read.def:733 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot convert associative to indexed array" +msgstr "%s: assosiative rekker kan ikke konverteres til indekserte rekker" + +#: builtins/enable.def:137 builtins/enable.def:145 +msgid "dynamic loading not available" +msgstr "dynamisk innlasting er ikke tilgjengelig" + +#: builtins/enable.def:312 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot open shared object %s: %s" +msgstr "klarte ikke å åpne delt objekt %s: %s" + +#: builtins/enable.def:335 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot find %s in shared object %s: %s" +msgstr "fant ikke %s i delt objekt %s: %s" + +#: builtins/enable.def:459 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: not dynamically loaded" +msgstr "%s: ikke dynamisk innlastet" + +#: builtins/enable.def:474 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot delete: %s" +msgstr "%s: klarte ikke å slette: %s" + +#: builtins/evalfile.c:140 builtins/hash.def:171 execute_cmd.c:5196 +#: shell.c:1481 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: is a directory" +msgstr "%s: er en mappe" + +#: builtins/evalfile.c:146 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: not a regular file" +msgstr "%s: ikke en vanlig fil" + +#: builtins/evalfile.c:155 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: file is too large" +msgstr "%s: fila er for stor" + +#: builtins/evalfile.c:190 builtins/evalfile.c:208 shell.c:1491 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot execute binary file" +msgstr "%s: klarte ikke å kjøre binærfil" + +#: builtins/exec.def:154 builtins/exec.def:156 builtins/exec.def:228 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot execute: %s" +msgstr "%s: klarte ikke å kjøre: %s" + +#: builtins/exit.def:65 +#, c-format +msgid "logout\n" +msgstr "logg ut\n" + +#: builtins/exit.def:88 +msgid "not login shell: use `exit'" +msgstr "ikke innloggingsskall. Bruk «exit»" + +#: builtins/exit.def:120 +#, c-format +msgid "There are stopped jobs.\n" +msgstr "Bakgrunnsjobb(er) venter.\n" + +#: builtins/exit.def:122 +#, c-format +msgid "There are running jobs.\n" +msgstr "Bakgrunnsjobb(er) kjører.\n" + +#: builtins/fc.def:262 +msgid "no command found" +msgstr "fant ingen kommando" + +#: builtins/fc.def:320 builtins/fc.def:369 +msgid "history specification" +msgstr "historikk-spesifikasjon" + +#: builtins/fc.def:390 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot open temp file: %s" +msgstr "%s: klarte ikke å åpne midlertidig fil: %s" + +#: builtins/fg_bg.def:149 builtins/jobs.def:282 +msgid "current" +msgstr "gjeldende" + +#: builtins/fg_bg.def:158 +#, c-format +msgid "job %d started without job control" +msgstr "jobb %d startet uten jobbkontroll" + +#: builtins/getopt.c:110 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: illegal option -- %c\n" +msgstr "%s: -- %c er et ugyldig valg\n" + +#: builtins/getopt.c:111 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: option requires an argument -- %c\n" +msgstr "%s: -- %c krever et argument\n" + +#: builtins/hash.def:92 +msgid "hashing disabled" +msgstr "nøkkelsummering er slått av" + +#: builtins/hash.def:138 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: hash table empty\n" +msgstr "%s: kontrollsum-tabell er tom\n" + +#: builtins/hash.def:245 +#, c-format +msgid "hits\tcommand\n" +msgstr "treff\tkommando\n" + +#: builtins/help.def:130 +#, c-format +msgid "Shell commands matching keyword `" +msgid_plural "Shell commands matching keywords `" +msgstr[0] "Skallkommandoer som samsvarer med nøkkelordet `" +msgstr[1] "Skallkommandoer som samsvarer med nøkkelordene `" + +#: builtins/help.def:182 +#, c-format +msgid "no help topics match `%s'. Try `help help' or `man -k %s' or `info %s'." +msgstr "ingen hjelpeemner samsvarer med «%s». Prøv «help help», «man -k %s» eller «info %s»." + +#: builtins/help.def:199 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot open: %s" +msgstr "%s: klarte ikke å åpne: %s" + +#: builtins/help.def:485 +#, c-format +msgid "" +"These shell commands are defined internally. Type `help' to see this list.\n" +"Type `help name' to find out more about the function `name'.\n" +"Use `info bash' to find out more about the shell in general.\n" +"Use `man -k' or `info' to find out more about commands not in this list.\n" +"\n" +"A star (*) next to a name means that the command is disabled.\n" +"\n" +msgstr "" +"Disse skallkommandoene er internt definert. Skriv «help» for å se denne lista.\n" +"Skriv «help name» for å finne ut mer om funksjonen «name».\n" +"Bruk «info bash» for å finne generell info om skallet.\n" +"Bruk «man -k» eller «info» for å finne ut mer om kommandoer som ikke er på denne lista.\n" +"\n" +"Stjerne (*) ved siden av et kommandonavn betyr at gjeldende kommando er slått av.\n" +"\n" + +#: builtins/history.def:154 +msgid "cannot use more than one of -anrw" +msgstr "du kan ikke bruke flere enn ett av valgene -anrw på én gang" + +#: builtins/history.def:186 +msgid "history position" +msgstr "historikkposisjon" + +#: builtins/history.def:366 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: history expansion failed" +msgstr "%s: historikk-utvidelse mislyktes" + +#: builtins/inlib.def:71 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: inlib failed" +msgstr "%s: inlib mislyktes" + +#: builtins/jobs.def:109 +msgid "no other options allowed with `-x'" +msgstr "valget «-x» kan ikke brukes i kombinasjon med andre valg" + +#: builtins/kill.def:200 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: arguments must be process or job IDs" +msgstr "%s: argumenter må være prosess- eller jobb-ID-er" + +#: builtins/kill.def:263 +msgid "Unknown error" +msgstr "Ukjent feil" + +#: builtins/let.def:95 builtins/let.def:120 expr.c:583 expr.c:598 +msgid "expression expected" +msgstr "forventet uttrykk" + +#: builtins/mapfile.def:172 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: not an indexed array" +msgstr "%s: ikke en indeksert rekke" + +#: builtins/mapfile.def:259 builtins/read.def:302 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid file descriptor specification" +msgstr "%s: ugyldig spesifikasjon av fildeskriptor" + +#: builtins/mapfile.def:267 builtins/read.def:309 +#, c-format +msgid "%d: invalid file descriptor: %s" +msgstr "%d: ugyldig fildeskriptor: %s" + +#: builtins/mapfile.def:276 builtins/mapfile.def:314 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid line count" +msgstr "%s: ugyldig linjeantall" + +#: builtins/mapfile.def:287 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid array origin" +msgstr "%s: ugyldig rekkeopphav" + +#: builtins/mapfile.def:304 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid callback quantum" +msgstr "%s: ugyldig tilbakekallsmengde" + +#: builtins/mapfile.def:336 +msgid "empty array variable name" +msgstr "tomt navn på rekkevariabel" + +#: builtins/mapfile.def:357 +msgid "array variable support required" +msgstr "støtte for rekkevariabler kreves" + +#: builtins/printf.def:402 +#, c-format +msgid "`%s': missing format character" +msgstr "«%s»: formattegn mangler" + +#: builtins/printf.def:456 +#, c-format +msgid "`%c': invalid time format specification" +msgstr "«%c»: ugyldig spesifikasjon av tidsformat" + +#: builtins/printf.def:658 +#, c-format +msgid "`%c': invalid format character" +msgstr "«%c»: ugyldig formattegn" + +#: builtins/printf.def:684 +#, c-format +msgid "warning: %s: %s" +msgstr "advarsel: %s: %s" + +#: builtins/printf.def:768 +#, c-format +msgid "format parsing problem: %s" +msgstr "problem med tolkning av format: %s" + +#: builtins/printf.def:865 +msgid "missing hex digit for \\x" +msgstr "heks-siffer mangler for \\x" + +#: builtins/printf.def:880 +#, c-format +msgid "missing unicode digit for \\%c" +msgstr "unicode-siffer mangler for \\%c" + +#: builtins/pushd.def:195 +msgid "no other directory" +msgstr "ingen annen mappe" + +#: builtins/pushd.def:354 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid argument" +msgstr "%s: ugyldig argument" + +#: builtins/pushd.def:468 +msgid "" +msgstr "" + +#: builtins/pushd.def:512 +msgid "directory stack empty" +msgstr "mappestabel er tom" + +#: builtins/pushd.def:514 +msgid "directory stack index" +msgstr "mappestabel-indeks" + +#: builtins/pushd.def:689 +msgid "" +"Display the list of currently remembered directories. Directories\n" +" find their way onto the list with the `pushd' command; you can get\n" +" back up through the list with the `popd' command.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -c\tclear the directory stack by deleting all of the elements\n" +" -l\tdo not print tilde-prefixed versions of directories relative\n" +" \tto your home directory\n" +" -p\tprint the directory stack with one entry per line\n" +" -v\tprint the directory stack with one entry per line prefixed\n" +" \twith its position in the stack\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n" +" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n" +" \n" +" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n" +"\tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero." +msgstr "" +"Vis liste over mapper som blir husket. Mapper\n" +" havner på denne lista med kommandoen «pushd». Du kan gå\n" +" tilbake i lista med kommandoen «popd».\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -c\ttøm mappestabel ved å slette alle elementer\n" +" -l\tikke legg til tildeprefiks på stier som er relative\n" +" \ttil gjeldende hjemmemappe\n" +" -p\tskriv ut mappetsabel med ett element per linje\n" +" -v\tskriv ut mappestabel med ett element per linje som har\n" +" \tstabelposisjon som prefiks\n" +" \n" +" Argumenter:\n" +" +N\tVis N-te mappe talt fra null\n" +" \tpå venstre side av lista (gjelder når programmet kjøres uten valg).\n" +" \n" +" -N\tVis N-te mappe talt fra null\n" +"\tpå høyre side av lista (gjelder når programmet kjøres uten valg)." + +#: builtins/pushd.def:711 +msgid "" +"Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates\n" +" the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working\n" +" directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -n\tSuppresses the normal change of directory when adding\n" +" \tdirectories to the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" +N\tRotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting\n" +" \tfrom the left of the list shown by `dirs', starting with\n" +" \tzero) is at the top.\n" +" \n" +" -N\tRotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting\n" +" \tfrom the right of the list shown by `dirs', starting with\n" +" \tzero) is at the top.\n" +" \n" +" dir\tAdds DIR to the directory stack at the top, making it the\n" +" \tnew current working directory.\n" +" \n" +" The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack." +msgstr "" +"Legger til en mappe i toppen av mappestabelen, eller rullerer\n" +" stabelen slik at øverste mappe blir gjeldende arbeidsmappe.\n" +" Hvis ingen argumenter er valgt, bytter de to øverste mappene plass.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -n\tLar være å bytte mappe når mapper legges til i stabelen,\n" +" \tslik at kun selve stabelen blir endret.\n" +" \n" +" Argumenter:\n" +" +N\tRullerer stabelen slik at N-te mappe - talt fra\n" +" \tnull til venstre i lista etter «dirs» - havner øverst.\n" +" \n" +" -N\tRullerer stabelen slik at N-te mappe - talt fra\n" +" \tnull til høyre i lista etter «dirs» - havner øverst\n" +" \n" +" dir\tLegger til DIR i toppen av mappestabelen, og tar den\n" +" \ti bruk som gjeldende arbeidsmappe.\n" +" \n" +" Den innebygde funksjonen «dirs» viser mappestabelen." + +#: builtins/pushd.def:736 +msgid "" +"Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments, removes\n" +" the top directory from the stack, and changes to the new top directory.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -n\tSuppresses the normal change of directory when removing\n" +" \tdirectories from the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" +N\tRemoves the Nth entry counting from the left of the list\n" +" \tshown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd +0'\n" +" \tremoves the first directory, `popd +1' the second.\n" +" \n" +" -N\tRemoves the Nth entry counting from the right of the list\n" +" \tshown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd -0'\n" +" \tremoves the last directory, `popd -1' the next to last.\n" +" \n" +" The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack." +msgstr "" +"Fjerner mapper fra mappestabelen. Hvis ingen argumenter brukes,\n" +" fjerner programmet øverste mappe fra stabelen og bytter til det som deretter er øverste mappe.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -n\tLar være å bytte mappe når mapper fjernes fra stabelen,\n" +" \tslik at bare stabelen blir endret.\n" +" \n" +" Argumenter:\n" +" +N\tFjerner N-te oppføring - talt fra null til venstre i lista\n" +" \tetter «dirs». For eksempel fjerner «popd +0»\n" +" \tførste mappe, og «popd +1» den andre.\n" +" \n" +" -N\tFjerner N-te oppføring - talt fra null til høyre i lista\n" +" \tetter «dirs». For eksempel fjerner «popd -0»\n" +" \tsiste mappe, og «popd -1» den nest siste.\n" +" \n" +" Den innebygde funksjonen «dirs» viser mappestabelen." + +#: builtins/read.def:275 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid timeout specification" +msgstr "%s: ugyldig spesifikasjon av tidsavbrudd" + +#: builtins/read.def:678 +#, c-format +msgid "read error: %d: %s" +msgstr "lesefeil: %d: %s" + +#: builtins/return.def:75 +msgid "can only `return' from a function or sourced script" +msgstr "du kan bare «return» fra en funksjon eller kildeskript" + +#: builtins/set.def:782 +msgid "cannot simultaneously unset a function and a variable" +msgstr "du kan ikke utføre «unset» (tømme både en funksjon og en variabel for verdier) samtidig" + +#: builtins/set.def:826 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot unset" +msgstr "%s: klarte ikke å fjerne verdi" + +#: builtins/set.def:843 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot unset: readonly %s" +msgstr "%s: klarte ikke å fjerne verdi fra skrivebeskyttet %s" + +#: builtins/set.def:854 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: not an array variable" +msgstr "%s: ikke en rekkevariabel" + +#: builtins/setattr.def:187 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: not a function" +msgstr "%s: ikke en funksjon" + +#: builtins/shift.def:71 builtins/shift.def:77 +msgid "shift count" +msgstr "shift-antall" + +#: builtins/shopt.def:279 +msgid "cannot set and unset shell options simultaneously" +msgstr "du kan ikke både definere og fjerne skallvalg samtidig" + +#: builtins/shopt.def:346 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid shell option name" +msgstr "%s: ugyldig navn på skallvalg" + +#: builtins/source.def:130 +msgid "filename argument required" +msgstr "filnavn-argument kreves" + +#: builtins/source.def:155 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: file not found" +msgstr "%s: fant ikke fil" + +#: builtins/suspend.def:101 +msgid "cannot suspend" +msgstr "klarte ikke å sette i hvilemodus" + +#: builtins/suspend.def:111 +msgid "cannot suspend a login shell" +msgstr "klarte ikke å sette et innloggingsskall i hvilemodus" + +#: builtins/type.def:234 +#, c-format +msgid "%s is aliased to `%s'\n" +msgstr "%s har alias «%s»\n" + +#: builtins/type.def:255 +#, c-format +msgid "%s is a shell keyword\n" +msgstr "%s er et skall-nøkkelord\n" + +#: builtins/type.def:274 +#, c-format +msgid "%s is a function\n" +msgstr "%s er en funksjon\n" + +#: builtins/type.def:296 +#, c-format +msgid "%s is a shell builtin\n" +msgstr "%s er en innebygget skallfunksjon\n" + +#: builtins/type.def:317 builtins/type.def:393 +#, c-format +msgid "%s is %s\n" +msgstr "%s er %s\n" + +#: builtins/type.def:337 +#, c-format +msgid "%s is hashed (%s)\n" +msgstr "%s er nøkkelsummert («hashed») (%s)\n" + +#: builtins/ulimit.def:383 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid limit argument" +msgstr "%s: ugyldig grenseargument" + +#: builtins/ulimit.def:409 +#, c-format +msgid "`%c': bad command" +msgstr "«%c»: ugyldig kommando" + +#: builtins/ulimit.def:438 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot get limit: %s" +msgstr "%s: klarte ikke å hente grense: %s" + +#: builtins/ulimit.def:464 +msgid "limit" +msgstr "grense" + +#: builtins/ulimit.def:476 builtins/ulimit.def:776 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot modify limit: %s" +msgstr "%s: klarte ikke å endre grense: %s" + +#: builtins/umask.def:114 +msgid "octal number" +msgstr "oktalt tall" + +#: builtins/umask.def:227 +#, c-format +msgid "`%c': invalid symbolic mode operator" +msgstr "«%c»: ugyldig symbolsk modus-operatør" + +#: builtins/umask.def:282 +#, c-format +msgid "`%c': invalid symbolic mode character" +msgstr "«%c»: ugyldig symbolsk modustegn" + +#: error.c:90 error.c:325 error.c:327 error.c:329 +msgid " line " +msgstr " linje " + +#: error.c:165 +#, c-format +msgid "last command: %s\n" +msgstr "forrige kommando: %s\n" + +#: error.c:173 +#, c-format +msgid "Aborting..." +msgstr "Abryter …" + +#: error.c:440 +msgid "unknown command error" +msgstr "ukjent kommandofeil" + +#: error.c:441 +msgid "bad command type" +msgstr "ugyldig kommandotype" + +#: error.c:442 +msgid "bad connector" +msgstr "ugyldig tilkobling" + +#: error.c:443 +msgid "bad jump" +msgstr "ugyldig hopp" + +#: error.c:481 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: unbound variable" +msgstr "%s: utildelt variabel" + +#: eval.c:189 +#, c-format +msgid "\atimed out waiting for input: auto-logout\n" +msgstr "\atidsavbrudd for inndata: auto-utlogging\n" + +#: execute_cmd.c:512 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot redirect standard input from /dev/null: %s" +msgstr "klarte ikke å videresende standard inndata fra «/dev/null». %s" + +#: execute_cmd.c:1233 +#, c-format +msgid "TIMEFORMAT: `%c': invalid format character" +msgstr "TIMEFORMAT: «%c» er et ugyldig formattegn" + +#: execute_cmd.c:2287 +msgid "pipe error" +msgstr "datarør-feil" + +#: execute_cmd.c:4374 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: maximum function nesting level exceeded (%d)" +msgstr "%s: grensa for nivåer av funksjoner i funksjoner (%d) er overskredet" + +#: execute_cmd.c:4872 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: restricted: cannot specify `/' in command names" +msgstr "%s: ikke tillatt: kommandonavn kan ikke inneholde «/»" + +#: execute_cmd.c:4961 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: command not found" +msgstr "%s: fant ikke kommando" + +#: execute_cmd.c:5194 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: %s" +msgstr "%s: %s" + +#: execute_cmd.c:5231 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: %s: bad interpreter" +msgstr "%s: %s: ugyldig tolk" + +#: execute_cmd.c:5268 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot execute binary file: %s" +msgstr "%s: klarte ikke å kjøre binærfil: %s" + +#: execute_cmd.c:5340 +#, c-format +msgid "`%s': is a special builtin" +msgstr "«%s» er en innebygd spesialfunksjon" + +#: execute_cmd.c:5392 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot duplicate fd %d to fd %d" +msgstr "klarte ikke å duplisere fd %d til fd %d" + +#: expr.c:259 +msgid "expression recursion level exceeded" +msgstr "grensa for rekursjonsnivåer i uttrykk er overskredet" + +#: expr.c:283 +msgid "recursion stack underflow" +msgstr "rekursjonsstabelen er tom" + +#: expr.c:431 +msgid "syntax error in expression" +msgstr "uttrykk inneholder syntaksfeil" + +#: expr.c:475 +msgid "attempted assignment to non-variable" +msgstr "du forsøkte å tilordne en verdi til noe som ikke er en variabel" + +#: expr.c:495 expr.c:858 +msgid "division by 0" +msgstr "forsøkte å dele på 0" + +#: expr.c:542 +msgid "bug: bad expassign token" +msgstr "programfeil: ugyldig expassign-symbol" + +#: expr.c:595 +msgid "`:' expected for conditional expression" +msgstr "forventet «:» for betinget uttrykk" + +#: expr.c:919 +msgid "exponent less than 0" +msgstr "eksponent er lavere enn 0" + +#: expr.c:976 +msgid "identifier expected after pre-increment or pre-decrement" +msgstr "forventet identifikator etter pre-økning eller pre-forminskelse" + +#: expr.c:1002 +msgid "missing `)'" +msgstr "mangler «)»" + +#: expr.c:1053 expr.c:1390 +msgid "syntax error: operand expected" +msgstr "syntaksfeil: forventet operand" + +#: expr.c:1392 +msgid "syntax error: invalid arithmetic operator" +msgstr "syntaksfeil: ugyldig aritmetisk operatør" + +#: expr.c:1416 +#, c-format +msgid "%s%s%s: %s (error token is \"%s\")" +msgstr "%s%s%s: %s (feilaktig symbol er «%s»)" + +#: expr.c:1474 +msgid "invalid arithmetic base" +msgstr "ugyldig aritmetisk grunntall" + +#: expr.c:1494 +msgid "value too great for base" +msgstr "verdien er for høy for grunntallet" + +#: expr.c:1543 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: expression error\n" +msgstr "%s: feil i uttrykk\n" + +#: general.c:61 +msgid "getcwd: cannot access parent directories" +msgstr "getcwd: fikk ikke tilgang til foreldermapper" + +#: input.c:102 subst.c:5168 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot reset nodelay mode for fd %d" +msgstr "klarte ikke å tilbakestille nodelay-modus for fd %d" + +#: input.c:269 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot allocate new file descriptor for bash input from fd %d" +msgstr "klarte ikke å knytte ny fildeskriptor til bash-inndata fra fd %d" + +#: input.c:277 +#, c-format +msgid "save_bash_input: buffer already exists for new fd %d" +msgstr "save_bash_input: mellomlager for ny fd %d finnes allerede" + +#: jobs.c:471 +msgid "start_pipeline: pgrp pipe" +msgstr "start_pipeline: pgrp-datarør" + +#: jobs.c:893 +#, c-format +msgid "forked pid %d appears in running job %d" +msgstr "kopiert pid %d finnes i kjørende jobb %d" + +#: jobs.c:1012 +#, c-format +msgid "deleting stopped job %d with process group %ld" +msgstr "sletter ventende bakgrunnsjobb %d med prosessgruppe %ld" + +#: jobs.c:1117 +#, c-format +msgid "add_process: process %5ld (%s) in the_pipeline" +msgstr "add_process: prosess %5ld (%s) i _kommandokø" + +#: jobs.c:1120 +#, c-format +msgid "add_process: pid %5ld (%s) marked as still alive" +msgstr "add_process: markert PID %5ld (%s) som levende" + +#: jobs.c:1435 +#, c-format +msgid "describe_pid: %ld: no such pid" +msgstr "describe_pid: %ld: pid-en finnes ikke" + +#: jobs.c:1450 +#, c-format +msgid "Signal %d" +msgstr "Signal %d" + +#: jobs.c:1464 jobs.c:1489 +msgid "Done" +msgstr "Ferdig" + +#: jobs.c:1469 siglist.c:123 +msgid "Stopped" +msgstr "Venter" + +#: jobs.c:1473 +#, c-format +msgid "Stopped(%s)" +msgstr "Venter(%s)" + +#: jobs.c:1477 +msgid "Running" +msgstr "Kjører" + +#: jobs.c:1491 +#, c-format +msgid "Done(%d)" +msgstr "Ferdig(%d)" + +#: jobs.c:1493 +#, c-format +msgid "Exit %d" +msgstr "Avsluttet %d" + +#: jobs.c:1496 +msgid "Unknown status" +msgstr "Ukjent status" + +#: jobs.c:1583 +#, c-format +msgid "(core dumped) " +msgstr "(kjerne lagret i fil) " + +#: jobs.c:1602 +#, c-format +msgid " (wd: %s)" +msgstr " (wd: %s)" + +#: jobs.c:1819 +#, c-format +msgid "child setpgid (%ld to %ld)" +msgstr "underprosess setpgid (%ld til %ld)" + +#: jobs.c:2138 nojobs.c:605 +#, c-format +msgid "wait: pid %ld is not a child of this shell" +msgstr "wait: pid %ld er ikke en underprosess av dette skallet" + +#: jobs.c:2385 +#, c-format +msgid "wait_for: No record of process %ld" +msgstr "wait_for: Ingen kjennskap til prosess %ld" + +#: jobs.c:2694 +#, c-format +msgid "wait_for_job: job %d is stopped" +msgstr "wait_for_job: prosess %d venter" + +#: jobs.c:2986 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: job has terminated" +msgstr "%s: jobben er avsluttet" + +#: jobs.c:2995 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: job %d already in background" +msgstr "%s: jobb %d kjører allerede i bakgrunnen" + +#: jobs.c:3220 +msgid "waitchld: turning on WNOHANG to avoid indefinite block" +msgstr "waitchld: slår på WNOHANG for å unngå kronisk blokkering" + +#: jobs.c:3711 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: line %d: " +msgstr "%s: linje %d: " + +#: jobs.c:3725 nojobs.c:843 +#, c-format +msgid " (core dumped)" +msgstr " (kjerne lagret i fil)" + +#: jobs.c:3737 jobs.c:3750 +#, c-format +msgid "(wd now: %s)\n" +msgstr "(wd nå: %s)\n" + +#: jobs.c:3782 +msgid "initialize_job_control: getpgrp failed" +msgstr "initialize_job_control: getpgrp mislyktes" + +#: jobs.c:3843 +msgid "initialize_job_control: line discipline" +msgstr "initialize_job_control: linjeregler" + +#: jobs.c:3853 +msgid "initialize_job_control: setpgid" +msgstr "initialize_job_control: setpgid" + +#: jobs.c:3874 jobs.c:3883 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot set terminal process group (%d)" +msgstr "klarte ikke å velge terminal-prosessgruppe (%d)" + +#: jobs.c:3888 +msgid "no job control in this shell" +msgstr "ingen jobbkontroll i dette skallet" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:296 +#, c-format +msgid "malloc: failed assertion: %s\n" +msgstr "malloc: mislykket premiss: %s\n" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:312 +#, c-format +msgid "" +"\r\n" +"malloc: %s:%d: assertion botched\r\n" +msgstr "" +"\r\n" +"malloc: %s:%d: urimelig premiss\r\n" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:313 +msgid "unknown" +msgstr "ukjent" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:801 +msgid "malloc: block on free list clobbered" +msgstr "malloc: rotete blokk på befrielsesliste" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:878 +msgid "free: called with already freed block argument" +msgstr "free: ble bedt om å behandle blokk som allerede er ledig" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:881 +msgid "free: called with unallocated block argument" +msgstr "free: ble bedt om å behandle blokk som ikke er tildelt" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:900 +msgid "free: underflow detected; mh_nbytes out of range" +msgstr "free: tomt. mh_nbytes er utenfor rekkevidde" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:906 +msgid "free: start and end chunk sizes differ" +msgstr "free: start- og sluttdel er av ulik størrelse" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1005 +msgid "realloc: called with unallocated block argument" +msgstr "realloc: ble bedt om å behandle blokk som ikke er tildelt" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1020 +msgid "realloc: underflow detected; mh_nbytes out of range" +msgstr "realloc: tomt. mh_nbytes er utenfor rekkevidde" + +#: lib/malloc/malloc.c:1026 +msgid "realloc: start and end chunk sizes differ" +msgstr "realloc: start- og sluttdel er av ulik størrelse" + +#: lib/malloc/table.c:194 +#, c-format +msgid "register_alloc: alloc table is full with FIND_ALLOC?\n" +msgstr "register_alloc: tildelingstabell er full med FIND_ALLOC?\n" + +#: lib/malloc/table.c:203 +#, c-format +msgid "register_alloc: %p already in table as allocated?\n" +msgstr "register_alloc: finnes %p allerede i tabellen som tildelt?\n" + +#: lib/malloc/table.c:256 +#, c-format +msgid "register_free: %p already in table as free?\n" +msgstr "register_free: finnes %p allerede i tabellen som ledig?\n" + +#: lib/sh/fmtulong.c:102 +msgid "invalid base" +msgstr "ugyldig grunntall" + +#: lib/sh/netopen.c:168 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: host unknown" +msgstr "%s: ukjent vert" + +#: lib/sh/netopen.c:175 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid service" +msgstr "%s: ugyldig tjeneste" + +#: lib/sh/netopen.c:306 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: bad network path specification" +msgstr "%s: ugyldig spesifikasjon av nettverkssti" + +#: lib/sh/netopen.c:346 +msgid "network operations not supported" +msgstr "nettverkshandlinger støttes ikke" + +#: locale.c:200 +#, c-format +msgid "setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (%s)" +msgstr "setlocale: LC_ALL: klarte ikke å bytte region (%s)" + +#: locale.c:202 +#, c-format +msgid "setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (%s): %s" +msgstr "setlocale: LC_ALL: klarte ikke å bytte region (%s): %s" + +#: locale.c:259 +#, c-format +msgid "setlocale: %s: cannot change locale (%s)" +msgstr "setlocale: %s: klarte ikke å bytte region (%s)" + +#: locale.c:261 +#, c-format +msgid "setlocale: %s: cannot change locale (%s): %s" +msgstr "setlocale: %s: klarte ikke å bytte region (%s): %s" + +#: mailcheck.c:439 +msgid "You have mail in $_" +msgstr "Du har e-post i $_" + +#: mailcheck.c:464 +msgid "You have new mail in $_" +msgstr "Du har ny e-post i $_" + +#: mailcheck.c:480 +#, c-format +msgid "The mail in %s has been read\n" +msgstr "Posten i %s er lest\n" + +#: make_cmd.c:323 +msgid "syntax error: arithmetic expression required" +msgstr "syntaksfeil: aritmetisk uttrykk kreves" + +#: make_cmd.c:325 +msgid "syntax error: `;' unexpected" +msgstr "syntaksfeil: uforventet «;»" + +#: make_cmd.c:326 +#, c-format +msgid "syntax error: `((%s))'" +msgstr "syntaksfeil: «((%s))»" + +#: make_cmd.c:578 +#, c-format +msgid "make_here_document: bad instruction type %d" +msgstr "make_here_document: %d er en ugyldig instrukstype" + +#: make_cmd.c:662 +#, c-format +msgid "here-document at line %d delimited by end-of-file (wanted `%s')" +msgstr "here-dokument ved linje %d adskilt av slutt på fil (forventet «%s»)" + +#: make_cmd.c:759 +#, c-format +msgid "make_redirection: redirection instruction `%d' out of range" +msgstr "make_redirection: videresendinginstruks «%d» er utenfor tillatt rekkevidde" + +#: parse.y:3273 parse.y:3556 +#, c-format +msgid "unexpected EOF while looking for matching `%c'" +msgstr "uforventet slutt på fil (EOF) under søk etter «%c»" + +#: parse.y:4163 +msgid "unexpected EOF while looking for `]]'" +msgstr "uforventet slutt på fil (EOF) under søk etter «]]»" + +#: parse.y:4168 +#, c-format +msgid "syntax error in conditional expression: unexpected token `%s'" +msgstr "syntaksfeil i betinget uttrykk: forventet ikke symbolet «%s»" + +#: parse.y:4172 +msgid "syntax error in conditional expression" +msgstr "syntaksfeil i betinget uttrykk" + +#: parse.y:4250 +#, c-format +msgid "unexpected token `%s', expected `)'" +msgstr "forventet ikke symbolet «%s», men «)»" + +#: parse.y:4254 +msgid "expected `)'" +msgstr "forventet «)»" + +#: parse.y:4282 +#, c-format +msgid "unexpected argument `%s' to conditional unary operator" +msgstr "«%s» er et uforventet argument for betinget unær operatør" + +#: parse.y:4286 +msgid "unexpected argument to conditional unary operator" +msgstr "uforventet argument for betinget unær operatør" + +#: parse.y:4332 +#, c-format +msgid "unexpected token `%s', conditional binary operator expected" +msgstr "«%s» er et uforventet symbol. Forventet betinget binær operatør" + +#: parse.y:4336 +msgid "conditional binary operator expected" +msgstr "forventet betinget binæroperatør" + +#: parse.y:4358 +#, c-format +msgid "unexpected argument `%s' to conditional binary operator" +msgstr "«%s» er et uforventet argument for betinget binæroperatør" + +#: parse.y:4362 +msgid "unexpected argument to conditional binary operator" +msgstr "uforventet argument for betinget binæroperatør" + +#: parse.y:4373 +#, c-format +msgid "unexpected token `%c' in conditional command" +msgstr "«%c» er et uforventet symbol i en betinget kommando" + +#: parse.y:4376 +#, c-format +msgid "unexpected token `%s' in conditional command" +msgstr "«%s» er et uforventet symbol i en betinget kommando" + +#: parse.y:4380 +#, c-format +msgid "unexpected token %d in conditional command" +msgstr "«%d» er et uforventet symbol i en betinget kommando" + +#: parse.y:5730 +#, c-format +msgid "syntax error near unexpected token `%s'" +msgstr "syntaksfeil ved «%s», som er et uforventet symbol" + +#: parse.y:5748 +#, c-format +msgid "syntax error near `%s'" +msgstr "syntaksfeil ved «%s»" + +#: parse.y:5758 +msgid "syntax error: unexpected end of file" +msgstr "syntaksfeil: uforventet slutt på fil" + +#: parse.y:5758 +msgid "syntax error" +msgstr "syntaksfeil" + +#: parse.y:5820 +#, c-format +msgid "Use \"%s\" to leave the shell.\n" +msgstr "Bruk «%s» for å gå ut av skallet.\n" + +#: parse.y:5982 +msgid "unexpected EOF while looking for matching `)'" +msgstr "uforventet slutt på fil (EOF) under søk etter «)»" + +#: pcomplete.c:1094 +#, c-format +msgid "completion: function `%s' not found" +msgstr "fullføring: fant ikke funksjonen «%s»" + +#: pcomplib.c:182 +#, c-format +msgid "progcomp_insert: %s: NULL COMPSPEC" +msgstr "progcomp_insert: %s: NULL COMPSPEC" + +#: print_cmd.c:300 +#, c-format +msgid "print_command: bad connector `%d'" +msgstr "print_command: «%d» er en ugyldig tilkobling" + +#: print_cmd.c:373 +#, c-format +msgid "xtrace_set: %d: invalid file descriptor" +msgstr "xtrace_set: %d: ugyldig fildeskriptor" + +#: print_cmd.c:378 +msgid "xtrace_set: NULL file pointer" +msgstr "xtrace_set: filpeker er NULL" + +#: print_cmd.c:382 +#, c-format +msgid "xtrace fd (%d) != fileno xtrace fp (%d)" +msgstr "xtrace fd (%d) != fileno xtrace fp (%d)" + +#: print_cmd.c:1518 +#, c-format +msgid "cprintf: `%c': invalid format character" +msgstr "cprintf: «%c»: ugyldig formattegn" + +#: redir.c:123 redir.c:170 +msgid "file descriptor out of range" +msgstr "fildeskriptor er utenfor tillatt rekkevidde" + +#: redir.c:177 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: ambiguous redirect" +msgstr "%s: flertydig videresending" + +#: redir.c:181 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot overwrite existing file" +msgstr "%s: klarte ikke å overskrive fil" + +#: redir.c:186 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: restricted: cannot redirect output" +msgstr "%s: ikke tillatt: klarte ikke å videresende utdata" + +#: redir.c:191 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot create temp file for here-document: %s" +msgstr "klarte ikke å lage midlertidig fil for here-dokument: %s" + +#: redir.c:195 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot assign fd to variable" +msgstr "%s: klarte ikke å knytte fd til variabel" + +#: redir.c:582 +msgid "/dev/(tcp|udp)/host/port not supported without networking" +msgstr "/dev/(tcp|udp)/host/port støttes ikke uten nettverkstilkobling" + +#: redir.c:861 redir.c:973 redir.c:1034 redir.c:1199 +msgid "redirection error: cannot duplicate fd" +msgstr "videresendingsfeil: klarte ikke å duplisere fd" + +#: shell.c:339 +msgid "could not find /tmp, please create!" +msgstr "fant ikke «/tmp». Opprett denne mappa!" + +#: shell.c:343 +msgid "/tmp must be a valid directory name" +msgstr "«/tmp» må være et gyldig mappenavn" + +#: shell.c:890 +#, c-format +msgid "%c%c: invalid option" +msgstr "%c%c: ugyldig valg" + +#: shell.c:1682 +msgid "I have no name!" +msgstr "Jeg manger navn!" + +#: shell.c:1827 +#, c-format +msgid "GNU bash, version %s-(%s)\n" +msgstr "GNU bash, versjon %s-(%s)\n" + +#: shell.c:1828 +#, c-format +msgid "" +"Usage:\t%s [GNU long option] [option] ...\n" +"\t%s [GNU long option] [option] script-file ...\n" +msgstr "" +"Bruk:\t%s [langt GNU-valg] [valg] …\n" +"\t%s [langt GNU-valg] [valg] skriptfil …\n" + +#: shell.c:1830 +msgid "GNU long options:\n" +msgstr "Lange GNU-valg:\n" + +#: shell.c:1834 +msgid "Shell options:\n" +msgstr "Skallvalg:\n" + +#: shell.c:1835 +msgid "\t-ilrsD or -c command or -O shopt_option\t\t(invocation only)\n" +msgstr "\t«-ilrsD», «-c kommando» eller «-O kortvalg_valg»\t\t(kun programkall)\n" + +#: shell.c:1850 +#, c-format +msgid "\t-%s or -o option\n" +msgstr "\t«-%s» eller «-o»\n" + +#: shell.c:1856 +#, c-format +msgid "Type `%s -c \"help set\"' for more information about shell options.\n" +msgstr "Skriv «%s -c \"help set\"» for mer informasjon om skallvalg.\n" + +#: shell.c:1857 +#, c-format +msgid "Type `%s -c help' for more information about shell builtin commands.\n" +msgstr "Skriv «%s -c help» for mer informasjon om innebygde skallkommandoer.\n" + +#: shell.c:1858 +#, c-format +msgid "Use the `bashbug' command to report bugs.\n" +msgstr "Bruk kommandoen «bashbug» for å rapportere programfeil.\n" + +#: sig.c:691 +#, c-format +msgid "sigprocmask: %d: invalid operation" +msgstr "sigprocmask: %d: ugyldig handling" + +#: siglist.c:48 +msgid "Bogus signal" +msgstr "Ugyldig signal" + +#: siglist.c:51 +msgid "Hangup" +msgstr "Legg på" + +#: siglist.c:55 +msgid "Interrupt" +msgstr "Forstyrr" + +#: siglist.c:59 +msgid "Quit" +msgstr "Avslutt" + +#: siglist.c:63 +msgid "Illegal instruction" +msgstr "Ugyldig instruks" + +#: siglist.c:67 +msgid "BPT trace/trap" +msgstr "BPT-sporing/-fanging" + +#: siglist.c:75 +msgid "ABORT instruction" +msgstr "ABORT-instruks" + +#: siglist.c:79 +msgid "EMT instruction" +msgstr "EMT-instruks" + +#: siglist.c:83 +msgid "Floating point exception" +msgstr "Flyttallsfeil" + +#: siglist.c:87 +msgid "Killed" +msgstr "Drept" + +#: siglist.c:91 +msgid "Bus error" +msgstr "Bussfeil" + +#: siglist.c:95 +msgid "Segmentation fault" +msgstr "Segmenteringsfeil" + +#: siglist.c:99 +msgid "Bad system call" +msgstr "Ugyldig systemkall" + +#: siglist.c:103 +msgid "Broken pipe" +msgstr "Ødelagt datarør" + +#: siglist.c:107 +msgid "Alarm clock" +msgstr "Alarmklokke" + +#: siglist.c:111 +msgid "Terminated" +msgstr "Avsluttet" + +#: siglist.c:115 +msgid "Urgent IO condition" +msgstr "Hastende IO-tilstand" + +#: siglist.c:119 +msgid "Stopped (signal)" +msgstr "Stoppet (signal)" + +#: siglist.c:127 +msgid "Continue" +msgstr "Fortsett" + +#: siglist.c:135 +msgid "Child death or stop" +msgstr "Død eller stans av underprosess" + +#: siglist.c:139 +msgid "Stopped (tty input)" +msgstr "Stoppet (tty-inndata)" + +#: siglist.c:143 +msgid "Stopped (tty output)" +msgstr "Stoppet (tty-utdata)" + +#: siglist.c:147 +msgid "I/O ready" +msgstr "I/O klar" + +#: siglist.c:151 +msgid "CPU limit" +msgstr "CPU-grense" + +#: siglist.c:155 +msgid "File limit" +msgstr "Filgrense" + +#: siglist.c:159 +msgid "Alarm (virtual)" +msgstr "Alarm (virtuell)" + +#: siglist.c:163 +msgid "Alarm (profile)" +msgstr "Alarm (profil)" + +#: siglist.c:167 +msgid "Window changed" +msgstr "Vindu endret" + +#: siglist.c:171 +msgid "Record lock" +msgstr "Husk lås" + +#: siglist.c:175 +msgid "User signal 1" +msgstr "Brukersignal 1" + +#: siglist.c:179 +msgid "User signal 2" +msgstr "Brukersignal 2" + +#: siglist.c:183 +msgid "HFT input data pending" +msgstr "HFT-inndata venter" + +#: siglist.c:187 +msgid "power failure imminent" +msgstr "strømstans er nærliggende" + +#: siglist.c:191 +msgid "system crash imminent" +msgstr "systemkræsj er nærliggende" + +#: siglist.c:195 +msgid "migrate process to another CPU" +msgstr "flytt prosess til annen CPU" + +#: siglist.c:199 +msgid "programming error" +msgstr "programmeringsfeil" + +#: siglist.c:203 +msgid "HFT monitor mode granted" +msgstr "HFT-skjermmodus tildelt" + +#: siglist.c:207 +msgid "HFT monitor mode retracted" +msgstr "HFT-skjermmodus tilbaketrukket" + +#: siglist.c:211 +msgid "HFT sound sequence has completed" +msgstr "HFT-lydsekvens er fullført" + +#: siglist.c:215 +msgid "Information request" +msgstr "Informasjonsforespørsel" + +#: siglist.c:223 +msgid "Unknown Signal #" +msgstr "Ukjent signal #" + +#: siglist.c:225 +#, c-format +msgid "Unknown Signal #%d" +msgstr "#%d er et ukjent signal" + +#: subst.c:1362 subst.c:1520 +#, c-format +msgid "bad substitution: no closing `%s' in %s" +msgstr "ugyldig substitutt: %2$s mangler avsluttende «%1$s»" + +#: subst.c:2847 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot assign list to array member" +msgstr "%s: klarte ikke å knytte liste til rekkemedlem" + +#: subst.c:5065 subst.c:5081 +msgid "cannot make pipe for process substitution" +msgstr "klarte ikke å lage datarør for substitusjon av prosess" + +#: subst.c:5113 +msgid "cannot make child for process substitution" +msgstr "klarte ikke å lage underprosess for substitusjon av prosess" + +#: subst.c:5158 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot open named pipe %s for reading" +msgstr "klarte ikke å åpne navngitt datarør %s for lesing" + +#: subst.c:5160 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot open named pipe %s for writing" +msgstr "klarte ikke å åpne navngitt datarør %s for skriving" + +#: subst.c:5178 +#, c-format +msgid "cannot duplicate named pipe %s as fd %d" +msgstr "klarte ikke å duplisere navngitt datarør %s som fd %d" + +#: subst.c:5376 +msgid "cannot make pipe for command substitution" +msgstr "klarte ikke å lage datarør for substitusjon av kommando" + +#: subst.c:5414 +msgid "cannot make child for command substitution" +msgstr "klarte ikke å lage underprosess for substitusjon av kommando" + +#: subst.c:5433 +msgid "command_substitute: cannot duplicate pipe as fd 1" +msgstr "command_substitute: klarte ikke å duplisere datarør som fd 1" + +#: subst.c:5837 subst.c:8050 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: invalid variable name for name reference" +msgstr "%s: ugyldig variabelnavn for navnreferanse" + +#: subst.c:6048 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: parameter null or not set" +msgstr "%s: parameter har null-verdi eller står tomt" + +#: subst.c:6320 subst.c:6335 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: substring expression < 0" +msgstr "%s: understreng-uttrykk < 0" + +#: subst.c:7506 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: bad substitution" +msgstr "%s: ugyldig substitusjon" + +#: subst.c:7583 +#, c-format +msgid "$%s: cannot assign in this way" +msgstr "$%s: du kan ikke tildele på denne måten" + +#: subst.c:7917 +msgid "future versions of the shell will force evaluation as an arithmetic substitution" +msgstr "fremtidige versjoner av skallet skal tvinge evaluering som en aritmetisk substitusjon" + +#: subst.c:8421 +#, c-format +msgid "bad substitution: no closing \"`\" in %s" +msgstr "ugyldig substitusjon. %s mangler avsluttende «`»" + +#: subst.c:9322 +#, c-format +msgid "no match: %s" +msgstr "ingen treff på %s" + +#: test.c:147 +msgid "argument expected" +msgstr "forventet argument" + +#: test.c:156 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: integer expression expected" +msgstr "%s: forventet heltallsuttrykk" + +#: test.c:264 +msgid "`)' expected" +msgstr "forventet «)»" + +#: test.c:266 +#, c-format +msgid "`)' expected, found %s" +msgstr "forventet «)», men fant %s" + +#: test.c:281 test.c:721 test.c:724 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: unary operator expected" +msgstr "%s: forventet unær operatør" + +#: test.c:468 test.c:764 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: binary operator expected" +msgstr "%s: forventet binær operatør" + +#: test.c:839 +msgid "missing `]'" +msgstr "«]» mangler" + +#: trap.c:217 +msgid "invalid signal number" +msgstr "ugyldig signalnummer" + +#: trap.c:371 +#, c-format +msgid "run_pending_traps: bad value in trap_list[%d]: %p" +msgstr "run_pending_traps: ugyldig verdi i «trap_list[%d]»: %p" + +#: trap.c:375 +#, c-format +msgid "run_pending_traps: signal handler is SIG_DFL, resending %d (%s) to myself" +msgstr "run_pending_traps: SIG_DFL er signalbehandler. Sender %d (%s) til meg selv på nytt" + +#: trap.c:428 +#, c-format +msgid "trap_handler: bad signal %d" +msgstr "trap_handler: %d er et ugyldig signal" + +#: variables.c:382 +#, c-format +msgid "error importing function definition for `%s'" +msgstr "feil under importering av definisjonen av funksjonen «%s»" + +#: variables.c:780 +#, c-format +msgid "shell level (%d) too high, resetting to 1" +msgstr "skallnivået (%d) er for høyt. Tilbakestiller til 1" + +#: variables.c:1865 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: circular name reference" +msgstr "%s: sirkulær navnreferanse" + +#: variables.c:2228 +msgid "make_local_variable: no function context at current scope" +msgstr "make_local_variable: ingen funksjonskontekst i gjeldende virkefelt" + +#: variables.c:2247 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: variable may not be assigned value" +msgstr "%s: variabel kan ikke tilknyttes verdi" + +#: variables.c:3646 +msgid "all_local_variables: no function context at current scope" +msgstr "all_local_variables: ingen funksjonskontekst i gjeldende virkefelt" + +#: variables.c:3891 +#, c-format +msgid "%s has null exportstr" +msgstr "%s har exportstr som er null" + +#: variables.c:3896 variables.c:3905 +#, c-format +msgid "invalid character %d in exportstr for %s" +msgstr "%d er et ugyldig tegn i exportstr for %s" + +#: variables.c:3911 +#, c-format +msgid "no `=' in exportstr for %s" +msgstr "exportstr for %s mangler «=»" + +#: variables.c:4344 +msgid "pop_var_context: head of shell_variables not a function context" +msgstr "pop_var_context: toppen av «shell_variables» er ikke en funksjonskontekst" + +#: variables.c:4357 +msgid "pop_var_context: no global_variables context" +msgstr "pop_var_context: kontekst for «global_variables» mangler" + +#: variables.c:4431 +msgid "pop_scope: head of shell_variables not a temporary environment scope" +msgstr "pop_scope: toppen av «shell_variables» er ikke et midlertidig miljøfelt" + +#: variables.c:5257 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: %s: cannot open as FILE" +msgstr "%s: %s: klarte ikke å åpne som FIL" + +#: variables.c:5262 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: %s: invalid value for trace file descriptor" +msgstr "%s: %s: ugyldig verdi for sporing av fildeskriptor" + +#: variables.c:5307 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: %s: compatibility value out of range" +msgstr "%s: %s: samspill-verdi er utenfor tillatt rekkevidde" + +#: version.c:46 +msgid "Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc." +msgstr "Opphavsrett (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc." + +#: version.c:47 version2.c:47 +msgid "License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later \n" +msgstr "Lisens GPLv3+: GNU GPL versjon 3 eller nyere \n" + +#: version.c:86 version2.c:86 +#, c-format +msgid "GNU bash, version %s (%s)\n" +msgstr "GNU bash, versjon %s (%s)\n" + +#: version.c:91 version2.c:91 +msgid "This is free software; you are free to change and redistribute it." +msgstr "Dette er fri programvare. Du står fritt til å endre og dele den videre." + +#: version.c:92 version2.c:92 +msgid "There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law." +msgstr "Det stilles INGEN GARANTI, i den grad dette tillates av gjeldende lovverk." + +#: version2.c:46 +msgid "Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc." +msgstr "Opphavsrett (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc." + +#: xmalloc.c:91 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot allocate %lu bytes (%lu bytes allocated)" +msgstr "%s: klarte ikke å tildele %lu byte (%lu byte tildelt)" + +#: xmalloc.c:93 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: cannot allocate %lu bytes" +msgstr "%s: klarte ikke å tildele %lu byte" + +#: xmalloc.c:163 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: %s:%d: cannot allocate %lu bytes (%lu bytes allocated)" +msgstr "%s: %s:%d: klarte ikke å tildele %lu byte (%lu byte tildelt)" + +#: xmalloc.c:165 +#, c-format +msgid "%s: %s:%d: cannot allocate %lu bytes" +msgstr "%s: %s:%d: klarte ikke å tildele %lu byte" + +#: builtins.c:43 +msgid "alias [-p] [name[=value] ... ]" +msgstr "alias [-p] [navn[=verdi] … ]" + +#: builtins.c:47 +msgid "unalias [-a] name [name ...]" +msgstr "unalias [-a] navn [navn …]" + +#: builtins.c:51 +msgid "bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command]" +msgstr "bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m tastaturoppsett] [-f filnavn] [-q navn] [-u navn] [-r knappesekv] [-x knappesekv:skallkommando] [knappesekv:readline-funksjon eller readline-kommando]" + +#: builtins.c:54 +msgid "break [n]" +msgstr "break [n]" + +#: builtins.c:56 +msgid "continue [n]" +msgstr "continue [n]" + +#: builtins.c:58 +msgid "builtin [shell-builtin [arg ...]]" +msgstr "builtin [innebygd-skallfunksjon [arg …]]" + +#: builtins.c:61 +msgid "caller [expr]" +msgstr "caller [uttr]" + +#: builtins.c:64 +msgid "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [dir]" +msgstr "cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [mappe]" + +#: builtins.c:66 +msgid "pwd [-LP]" +msgstr "pwd [-LP]" + +#: builtins.c:68 +msgid ":" +msgstr ":" + +#: builtins.c:70 +msgid "true" +msgstr "true" + +#: builtins.c:72 +msgid "false" +msgstr "false" + +#: builtins.c:74 +msgid "command [-pVv] command [arg ...]" +msgstr "command [-pVv] command [arg …]" + +#: builtins.c:76 +msgid "declare [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] [name[=value] ...]" +msgstr "declare [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] [navn[=verdi] …]" + +#: builtins.c:78 +msgid "typeset [-aAfFgilrtux] [-p] name[=value] ..." +msgstr "typeset [-aAfFgilrtux] [-p] navn[=verdi] …" + +#: builtins.c:80 +msgid "local [option] name[=value] ..." +msgstr "local [valg] navn[=verdi] …" + +#: builtins.c:83 +msgid "echo [-neE] [arg ...]" +msgstr "echo [-neE] [arg …]" + +#: builtins.c:87 +msgid "echo [-n] [arg ...]" +msgstr "echo [-n] [arg …]" + +#: builtins.c:90 +msgid "enable [-a] [-dnps] [-f filename] [name ...]" +msgstr "enable [-a] [-dnps] [-f filnavn] [navn …]" + +#: builtins.c:92 +msgid "eval [arg ...]" +msgstr "eval [arg …]" + +#: builtins.c:94 +msgid "getopts optstring name [arg]" +msgstr "getopts valgstreng navn [arg]" + +#: builtins.c:96 +msgid "exec [-cl] [-a name] [command [arguments ...]] [redirection ...]" +msgstr "exec [-cl] [-a navn] [kommando [argumenter …]] [videresending …]" + +#: builtins.c:98 +msgid "exit [n]" +msgstr "exit [n]" + +#: builtins.c:100 +msgid "logout [n]" +msgstr "logout [n]" + +#: builtins.c:103 +msgid "fc [-e ename] [-lnr] [first] [last] or fc -s [pat=rep] [command]" +msgstr "fc [-e enavn] [-lnr] [første] [siste] eller fc -s [pat=rep] [kommando]" + +#: builtins.c:107 +msgid "fg [job_spec]" +msgstr "fg [jobbspes]" + +#: builtins.c:111 +msgid "bg [job_spec ...]" +msgstr "bg [jobbspes …]" + +#: builtins.c:114 +msgid "hash [-lr] [-p pathname] [-dt] [name ...]" +msgstr "hash [-lr] [-p stinavn] [-dt] [navn …]" + +#: builtins.c:117 +msgid "help [-dms] [pattern ...]" +msgstr "help [-dms] [mønster …]" + +#: builtins.c:121 +msgid "history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg [arg...]" +msgstr "history [-c] [-d posisjon] [n] eller history -anrw [filnavn] eller history -ps arg [arg …]" + +#: builtins.c:125 +msgid "jobs [-lnprs] [jobspec ...] or jobs -x command [args]" +msgstr "jobs [-lnprs] [jobbspes …] eller jobs -x kommando [arg]" + +#: builtins.c:129 +msgid "disown [-h] [-ar] [jobspec ...]" +msgstr "disown [-h] [-ar] [jobbspes …]" + +#: builtins.c:132 +msgid "kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l [sigspec]" +msgstr "kill [-s sigspes | -n signum | -sigspes] pid | jobbspes … eller kill -l [sigspes]" + +#: builtins.c:134 +msgid "let arg [arg ...]" +msgstr "let arg [arg …]" + +#: builtins.c:136 +msgid "read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]" +msgstr "read [-ers] [-a rekke] [-d adskill] [-i tekst] [-n ntegn] [-N ntegn] [-p ledetekst] [-t tidsavbrudd] [-u fd] [navn …]" + +#: builtins.c:138 +msgid "return [n]" +msgstr "return [n]" + +#: builtins.c:140 +msgid "set [-abefhkmnptuvxBCHP] [-o option-name] [--] [arg ...]" +msgstr "set [-abefhkmnptuvxBCHP] [-o valgnavn] [--] [arg …]" + +#: builtins.c:142 +msgid "unset [-f] [-v] [-n] [name ...]" +msgstr "unset [-f] [-v] [-n] [navn …]" + +#: builtins.c:144 +msgid "export [-fn] [name[=value] ...] or export -p" +msgstr "export [-fn] [navn[=verdi] …] eller export -p" + +#: builtins.c:146 +msgid "readonly [-aAf] [name[=value] ...] or readonly -p" +msgstr "readonly [-aAf] [navn[=verdi] …] eller readonly -p" + +#: builtins.c:148 +msgid "shift [n]" +msgstr "shift [n]" + +#: builtins.c:150 +msgid "source filename [arguments]" +msgstr "source filnavn [argumenter]" + +#: builtins.c:152 +msgid ". filename [arguments]" +msgstr ". filnavn [argumenter]" + +#: builtins.c:155 +msgid "suspend [-f]" +msgstr "suspend [-f]" + +#: builtins.c:158 +msgid "test [expr]" +msgstr "test [uttr]" + +#: builtins.c:160 +msgid "[ arg... ]" +msgstr "[ arg … ]" + +#: builtins.c:162 +msgid "times" +msgstr "times" + +#: builtins.c:164 +msgid "trap [-lp] [[arg] signal_spec ...]" +msgstr "trap [-lp] [[arg] signalspes …]" + +#: builtins.c:166 +msgid "type [-afptP] name [name ...]" +msgstr "type [-afptP] navn [navn …]" + +#: builtins.c:169 +msgid "ulimit [-SHabcdefilmnpqrstuvxT] [limit]" +msgstr "ulimit [-SHabcdefilmnpqrstuvxT] [grense]" + +#: builtins.c:172 +msgid "umask [-p] [-S] [mode]" +msgstr "umask [-p] [-S] [modus]" + +#: builtins.c:175 +msgid "wait [-n] [id ...]" +msgstr "wait [-n] [id …]" + +#: builtins.c:179 +msgid "wait [pid ...]" +msgstr "wait [pid …]" + +#: builtins.c:182 +msgid "for NAME [in WORDS ... ] ; do COMMANDS; done" +msgstr "for NAVN [in ORD … ] ; do KOMMANDOER; done" + +#: builtins.c:184 +msgid "for (( exp1; exp2; exp3 )); do COMMANDS; done" +msgstr "for (( uttr1; uttr2; uttr3 )); do KOMMANDOER; done" + +#: builtins.c:186 +msgid "select NAME [in WORDS ... ;] do COMMANDS; done" +msgstr "select NAVN [in ORD … ;] do KOMMANDOER; done" + +#: builtins.c:188 +msgid "time [-p] pipeline" +msgstr "time [-p] kommandokø" + +#: builtins.c:190 +msgid "case WORD in [PATTERN [| PATTERN]...) COMMANDS ;;]... esac" +msgstr "case ORD in [MØNSTER [| MØNSTER] …) KOMMANDOER ;;] … esac" + +#: builtins.c:192 +msgid "if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; ]... [ else COMMANDS; ] fi" +msgstr "if KOMMANDOER; then KOMMANDOER; [ elif KOMMANDOER; then KOMMANDOER; ] … [ else KOMMANDOER; ] fi" + +#: builtins.c:194 +msgid "while COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done" +msgstr "while KOMMANDOER; do KOMMANDOER; done" + +#: builtins.c:196 +msgid "until COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done" +msgstr "until KOMMANDOER; do KOMMANDOER; done" + +#: builtins.c:198 +msgid "coproc [NAME] command [redirections]" +msgstr "coproc [NAVN] kommando [videresendinger]" + +#: builtins.c:200 +msgid "function name { COMMANDS ; } or name () { COMMANDS ; }" +msgstr "function navn { KOMAMNDOER ; } eller navn () { KOMMANDOER ; }" + +#: builtins.c:202 +msgid "{ COMMANDS ; }" +msgstr "{ KOMMANDOER ; }" + +#: builtins.c:204 +msgid "job_spec [&]" +msgstr "job_spec [&]" + +#: builtins.c:206 +msgid "(( expression ))" +msgstr "(( uttrykk ))" + +#: builtins.c:208 +msgid "[[ expression ]]" +msgstr "[[ uttrykk ]]" + +#: builtins.c:210 +msgid "variables - Names and meanings of some shell variables" +msgstr "variabler - Navn og betydninger av enkelte skallvariabler" + +#: builtins.c:213 +msgid "pushd [-n] [+N | -N | dir]" +msgstr "pushd [-n] [+N | -N | mappe]" + +#: builtins.c:217 +msgid "popd [-n] [+N | -N]" +msgstr "popd [-n] [+N | -N]" + +#: builtins.c:221 +msgid "dirs [-clpv] [+N] [-N]" +msgstr "dirs [-clpv] [+N] [-N]" + +#: builtins.c:224 +msgid "shopt [-pqsu] [-o] [optname ...]" +msgstr "shopt [-pqsu] [-o] [valgnavn …]" + +#: builtins.c:226 +msgid "printf [-v var] format [arguments]" +msgstr "printf [-v var] format [argumenter]" + +#: builtins.c:229 +msgid "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [name ...]" +msgstr "complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DE] [-o valg] [-A handling] [-G globpat] [-W ordliste] [-F funksjon] [-C kommando] [-X filterpat] [-P prefiks] [-S suffiks] [navn …]" + +#: builtins.c:233 +msgid "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]" +msgstr "compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o valg] [-A handling] [-G globpat] [-W ordliste] [-F funksjon] [-C kommando] [-X filterpat] [-P prefiks] [-S suffiks] [ord]" + +#: builtins.c:237 +msgid "compopt [-o|+o option] [-DE] [name ...]" +msgstr "compopt [-o|+o valg] [-DE] [navn …]" + +#: builtins.c:240 +msgid "mapfile [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]" +msgstr "mapfile [-n antall] [-O opphav] [-s antall] [-t] [-u fd] [-C tilbakekall] [-c mengde] [rekke]" + +#: builtins.c:242 +msgid "readarray [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]" +msgstr "readarray [-n antall] [-O opphav] [-s antall] [-t] [-u fd] [-C tilbakekall] [-c mengde] [rekke]" + +#: builtins.c:254 +msgid "" +"Define or display aliases.\n" +" \n" +" Without arguments, `alias' prints the list of aliases in the reusable\n" +" form `alias NAME=VALUE' on standard output.\n" +" \n" +" Otherwise, an alias is defined for each NAME whose VALUE is given.\n" +" A trailing space in VALUE causes the next word to be checked for\n" +" alias substitution when the alias is expanded.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -p\tPrint all defined aliases in a reusable format\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has been\n" +" defined." +msgstr "" +"Definer eller vis alias.\n" +" \n" +" Hvis ingen argumenter er gitt, skriver programmet ut en liste over\n" +" gjeldende alias i form av «alias NAVN=verdi» til standardutdata.\n" +" \n" +" Ellers defineres et alias per NAVN med en VERDI.\n" +" Avsluttende mellomrom i VERDI fører til at neste ord kontrolleres for\n" +" alias-substitusjon når aliaset utvides.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -p\tSkriv ut alle definerte alias i brukbart format\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" alias avslutter med positiv verdi («true»), med mindre brukeren angir et NAVN\n" +" som mangler definert alias." + +#: builtins.c:276 +msgid "" +"Remove each NAME from the list of defined aliases.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -a\tremove all alias definitions.\n" +" \n" +" Return success unless a NAME is not an existing alias." +msgstr "" +"Fjern hvert NAVN fra lista over definerte alias.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -a\tfjern alle alias-definisjoner.\n" +" \n" +" Programmet avslutter som vellykket med mindre brukeren velger et aliasNAVN som ikke finnes." + +#: builtins.c:289 +msgid "" +"Set Readline key bindings and variables.\n" +" \n" +" Bind a key sequence to a Readline function or a macro, or set a\n" +" Readline variable. The non-option argument syntax is equivalent to\n" +" that found in ~/.inputrc, but must be passed as a single argument:\n" +" e.g., bind '\"\\C-x\\C-r\": re-read-init-file'.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -m keymap Use KEYMAP as the keymap for the duration of this\n" +" command. Acceptable keymap names are emacs,\n" +" emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,\n" +" vi-command, and vi-insert.\n" +" -l List names of functions.\n" +" -P List function names and bindings.\n" +" -p List functions and bindings in a form that can be\n" +" reused as input.\n" +" -S List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n" +" -s List key sequences that invoke macros and their values\n" +" in a form that can be reused as input.\n" +" -V List variable names and values\n" +" -v List variable names and values in a form that can\n" +" be reused as input.\n" +" -q function-name Query about which keys invoke the named function.\n" +" -u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named function.\n" +" -r keyseq Remove the binding for KEYSEQ.\n" +" -f filename Read key bindings from FILENAME.\n" +" -x keyseq:shell-command\tCause SHELL-COMMAND to be executed when\n" +" \t\t\t\tKEYSEQ is entered.\n" +" -X\t\t List key sequences bound with -x and associated commands\n" +" in a form that can be reused as input.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" bind returns 0 unless an unrecognized option is given or an error occurs." +msgstr "" +"Velg hurtigtaster og variabler for Readline.\n" +" \n" +" Knytt en knappekombinasjon til en Readline-funksjon eller makro, eller gi\n" +" verdi til en Readline-variabel. Argumentsyntaksen tilsvarer det som finnes\n" +" i «~/.inputrc», men må oppgis som ett argument.\n" +" F.eks.: bind '\"\\C-x\\C-r\": re-read-init-file'.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -m OPPSETT Bruk valgt tastaturOPPSETT under kjøring av denne kommandoen.\n" +" Gyldige oppsettsnavn er «emacs», «emacs-standard»,\n" +" «emacs-meta», «emacs-ctlx», «vi», «vi-move»,\n" +" «vi-command» og «vi-insert».\n" +" -l Vis funksjonsnavn.\n" +" -P Vis funksjonsnavn og tildelinger.\n" +" -p Vis funksjoner og tildelinger i et format som kan gjenbrukes\n" +" som inndata.\n" +" -S Vis knappekombinasjoner som kaller makroer og tilhørende verdier\n" +" -s Tilsvarer «-S», men i et format som kan gjenbrukes i inndata.\n" +" -V Vis variabelnavn og verdier\n" +" -v Tilsvarer «-V», men i et format som kan gjenbrukes i inndata.\n" +" -q function-name Spør hvilke knapper som kaller aktuell funksjon.\n" +" -u function-name Fjern alle knappekombinasjoner som er tilknyttet aktuell funksjon.\n" +" -r KOMB Fjern tildeling av valgt knappeKOMBinasjon.\n" +" -f FILNAVN Les knappekombinasjoner fra FILNAVN.\n" +" -x KOMB:KOMMANDO\tGjør slik at valgt skallKOMMANDO kjøres når\n" +" \t\t\t\tvalgt knappeKOMBinasjon trykkes.\n" +" -X\t\t Vis knappekombinasjoner som er tildelt med «-x», og aktuelle kommandoer \n" +" i et format som kan gjenbrukes i inndata.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" bind avslutter med 0, med mindre brukeren tar et ukjent valg eller det oppstår en feil." + +#: builtins.c:328 +msgid "" +"Exit for, while, or until loops.\n" +" \n" +" Exit a FOR, WHILE or UNTIL loop. If N is specified, break N enclosing\n" +" loops.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" The exit status is 0 unless N is not greater than or equal to 1." +msgstr "" +"Gå ut av en «FOR»-, «WHILE»- eller «UNTIL»-løkke.\n" +" \n" +" Hvis N er valgt, brytes N antall underløkker.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Statuskoden er 0, med mindre N er mindre enn 1." + +#: builtins.c:340 +msgid "" +"Resume for, while, or until loops.\n" +" \n" +" Resumes the next iteration of the enclosing FOR, WHILE or UNTIL loop.\n" +" If N is specified, resumes the Nth enclosing loop.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" The exit status is 0 unless N is not greater than or equal to 1." +msgstr "" +"Fortsett neste runde av gjeldende FOR-, WHILE- eller WHILE-løkke..\n" +" \n" +" Hvis N er valgt, fortsetter N-te løkke.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Statuskoden er 0, med mindre N er mindre enn 1." + +#: builtins.c:352 +msgid "" +"Execute shell builtins.\n" +" \n" +" Execute SHELL-BUILTIN with arguments ARGs without performing command\n" +" lookup. This is useful when you wish to reimplement a shell builtin\n" +" as a shell function, but need to execute the builtin within the function.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the exit status of SHELL-BUILTIN, or false if SHELL-BUILTIN is\n" +" not a shell builtin.." +msgstr "" +"Kjør innebygde skallfunksjoner.\n" +" \n" +" Kjør SKALLFUNKSJON med valgte ARGumenter uten å slå opp\n" +" kommandonavn. Dette er nyttig når du vil re-implementere en innebygd\n" +" skallkommando som en funksjon, samtidig som du kjører den innenfor en skallfunksjon.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Statuskoden er den samme som aktuell SKALLFUNKSJON gir, eller\n" +" negativ («false») hvis SKALLFUNKSJON ikke er en innebygd skallkommando.." + +#: builtins.c:367 +msgid "" +"Return the context of the current subroutine call.\n" +" \n" +" Without EXPR, returns \"$line $filename\". With EXPR, returns\n" +" \"$line $subroutine $filename\"; this extra information can be used to\n" +" provide a stack trace.\n" +" \n" +" The value of EXPR indicates how many call frames to go back before the\n" +" current one; the top frame is frame 0.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns 0 unless the shell is not executing a shell function or EXPR\n" +" is invalid." +msgstr "" +"Vis konteksten for gjeldende underrutine-kall.\n" +" \n" +" Hvis UTTRykk ikke er valgt, vises «$line $filename». Med UTTRykk vises\n" +" «$line $subroutine $filename». Denne ekstrainformasjonen kan brukes\n" +" til stabelsporing.\n" +" \n" +" Verdien av UTTRykk viser hvor mange kall-rammer programmet skal bevege seg\n" +" gjennom tilbake fra gjeldende ramme. Øverste ramme er 0.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Status er 0, med mindre skallet ikke kjører en skallfunksjon eller\n" +" valgt UTTRykk er ugyldig." + +#: builtins.c:385 +msgid "" +"Change the shell working directory.\n" +" \n" +" Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of the\n" +" HOME shell variable.\n" +" \n" +" The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory containing\n" +" DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon (:).\n" +" A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR begins\n" +" with a slash (/), then CDPATH is not used.\n" +" \n" +" If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is set,\n" +" the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a value,\n" +" its value is used for DIR.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -L\tforce symbolic links to be followed: resolve symbolic links in\n" +" \tDIR after processing instances of `..'\n" +" -P\tuse the physical directory structure without following symbolic\n" +" \tlinks: resolve symbolic links in DIR before processing instances\n" +" \tof `..'\n" +" -e\tif the -P option is supplied, and the current working directory\n" +" \tcannot be determined successfully, exit with a non-zero status\n" +" -@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended attributes\n" +" as a directory containing the file attributes\n" +" \n" +" The default is to follow symbolic links, as if `-L' were specified.\n" +" `..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname component\n" +" back to a slash or the beginning of DIR.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully when\n" +" -P is used; non-zero otherwise." +msgstr "" +"Bytt arbeidsmappe for skallet.\n" +" \n" +" Bytt gjeldende mappe til MAP. Standard MAPpe er verdien av\n" +" skallvariabelen HOME.\n" +" \n" +" Variabelen CDPATH bestemmer søkestien for mapper som inneholder\n" +" MAP. Alternative mappenavn i CDPATH er adskilt med «:».\n" +" Et null-mappenavn er det samme som gjeldende mappe. Hvis MAP begynner\n" +" med skråstrek (/), brukes ikke CDPATH.\n" +" \n" +" Hvis valgt mappe ikke finnes, og skallvalget «cdable_vars» har en verdi,\n" +" antas ordet å være et variabelnavn. Hvis den variabelen har en verdi,\n" +" brukes denne verdien som MAP.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -L\ttving følging av symbolske lenker. Følg symbolske lenker i\n" +" \tMAP etter å ha behandlet forekomster av «..»\n" +" -P\tbruk fysisk mappestruktur uten å følge symbolske\n" +" \tlenker. Følg lenker i MAP før forekomster av «..» behandles.\n" +" -e\thvis «-P» er valgt, og det er uklart hva som er gjeldende\n" +" \tarbeidsmappe, avslutt med en annen status enn 0\n" +" -@ hvis systemet støtter det, vis en fil med utvidede attributter\n" +" som en mappe med attributtene som innhold\n" +" \n" +" Standard for symbolske lenker er at de følges, som om «-L» er valgt.\n" +" «..» behandles ved at den nå tidligere stinavn-komponenten fjernes\n" +" én skråstrek tilbake eller til begynnelsen av MAP.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Status er 0 hvis skallet har byttet mappe, og hvis $PWD er valgt uten problemer\n" +" ved bruk av «-P». Ellers er status noe annet enn 0." + +#: builtins.c:422 +msgid "" +"Print the name of the current working directory.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -L\tprint the value of $PWD if it names the current working\n" +" \tdirectory\n" +" -P\tprint the physical directory, without any symbolic links\n" +" \n" +" By default, `pwd' behaves as if `-L' were specified.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns 0 unless an invalid option is given or the current directory\n" +" cannot be read." +msgstr "" +"Skriv ut navn på gjeldende arbeidsmappe.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -L\tskriv ut verdien av $PWD hvis dette er navnet på\n" +" \tgjeldende arbeidsmappe\n" +" -P\tskriv ut fysisk mappe, uten symbolske lenker\n" +" \n" +" Valget «-L» er gjeldende som standard i «pwd».\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Status er 0, med mindre brukeren tar et ugyldig valg eller\n" +" programmet ikke klarer å lese gjeldende mappe." + +#: builtins.c:439 +msgid "" +"Null command.\n" +" \n" +" No effect; the command does nothing.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Always succeeds." +msgstr "" +"Null-kommando.\n" +" \n" +" Dette har ingen effekt. Kommandoen gjør ingenting.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Alltid vellykket." + +#: builtins.c:450 +msgid "" +"Return a successful result.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Always succeeds." +msgstr "" +"Gi et vellykket resultat.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Alltid vellykket." + +#: builtins.c:459 +msgid "" +"Return an unsuccessful result.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Always fails." +msgstr "" +"Gi et mislykket resultat.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Alltid mislykket." + +#: builtins.c:468 +msgid "" +"Execute a simple command or display information about commands.\n" +" \n" +" Runs COMMAND with ARGS suppressing shell function lookup, or display\n" +" information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke commands\n" +" on disk when a function with the same name exists.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -p\tuse a default value for PATH that is guaranteed to find all of\n" +" \tthe standard utilities\n" +" -v\tprint a description of COMMAND similar to the `type' builtin\n" +" -V\tprint a more verbose description of each COMMAND\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns exit status of COMMAND, or failure if COMMAND is not found." +msgstr "" +"Kjør en enkel kommando, eller vis informasjon om kommandoer.\n" +" \n" +" Kjører valgt KOMMANDO med ARG uten oppslag av skallfunksjoner, eller viser\n" +" informasjon om valgte KOMMANDOer. Dette kan brukes til å kalle kommandoer\n" +" på disk når det finens en funksjon med samme navn.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -p\tbruk en standardverdi for STI som garantert finner alle\n" +" \tstandardverktøyene\n" +" -v\tskriv ut en beskrivelse av KOMMANDO i «type»-stil\n" +" -V\tskriv ut en mer detaljert beskrivelse av hver KOMMANDO\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Samme som statuskoden fra KOMMANDO, eller mislykket hvis KOMMANDO ikke finnes." + +#: builtins.c:487 +msgid "" +"Set variable values and attributes.\n" +" \n" +" Declare variables and give them attributes. If no NAMEs are given,\n" +" display the attributes and values of all variables.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -f\trestrict action or display to function names and definitions\n" +" -F\trestrict display to function names only (plus line number and\n" +" \tsource file when debugging)\n" +" -g\tcreate global variables when used in a shell function; otherwise\n" +" \tignored\n" +" -p\tdisplay the attributes and value of each NAME\n" +" \n" +" Options which set attributes:\n" +" -a\tto make NAMEs indexed arrays (if supported)\n" +" -A\tto make NAMEs associative arrays (if supported)\n" +" -i\tto make NAMEs have the `integer' attribute\n" +" -l\tto convert NAMEs to lower case on assignment\n" +" -n\tmake NAME a reference to the variable named by its value\n" +" -r\tto make NAMEs readonly\n" +" -t\tto make NAMEs have the `trace' attribute\n" +" -u\tto convert NAMEs to upper case on assignment\n" +" -x\tto make NAMEs export\n" +" \n" +" Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the given attribute.\n" +" \n" +" Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see\n" +" the `let' command) performed when the variable is assigned a value.\n" +" \n" +" When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the `local'\n" +" command. The `-g' option suppresses this behavior.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or a variable\n" +" assignment error occurs." +msgstr "" +"Gi verdier og attributter til variabler.\n" +" \n" +" Lag variabler og gi dem attributter. Hvis ingen NAVN er valgt,\n" +" vises attributter og verdier av alle variabler.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -f\tbegrens handling eller visning til funksjonsnavn og definisjoner\n" +" -F\tbegrens visning til funksjonsnavn (linjenummer og\n" +" \tkildefil kommer i tillegg ved feilsøking)\n" +" -g\tlag globale variabler ved bruk innenfor en skallfunksjon\n" +" \t(ignoreres ved annen bruk)\n" +" -p\tvis attributter og verdi av hvert valgt NAVN\n" +" \n" +" Valg som justerer attributter:\n" +" -a\tgjør valgte NAVN til indekserte rekker (hvis det støttes)\n" +" -A\tgjrø valgte NAVN til assosiative rekker (hvis det støttes)\n" +" -i\tgi valgte NAVN attributten «integer» (heltall)\n" +" -l\tkonverter valgte NAVN til små bokstaver\n" +" -n\tgjør valgt NAVN til en referanse til variabelen med egen verdi som navn\n" +" -r\tskrivebeskytt valgte NAVN\n" +" -t\tgi valgte NAVN attirbutten «trace»\n" +" -u\tkonverter valgte NAVN til store bokstaver\n" +" -x\tgjør valgte NAVN eksporterbare\n" +" \n" +" Bruk «+» i stedet for «-» for å slå av aktuell attributt.\n" +" \n" +" Variabler med heltallsattributt blir evaluert aritmetisk (se\n" +" kommandoen «let») når de får en verdi.\n" +" \n" +" Ved bruk innenfor funksjoner gjør «declare» valgte NAVN lokale, som med\n" +" kommandoen «local». Valget «-g» slår av denne oppførselen.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre brukeren tar et ugyldig valg eller\n" +" det oppstår en variabel-tildelingsfeil." + +#: builtins.c:527 +msgid "" +"Set variable values and attributes.\n" +" \n" +" Obsolete. See `help declare'." +msgstr "" +"Gi verdier og attributter til variabler.\n" +" \n" +" Denne funksjonen er utgått. Se «help declare»." + +#: builtins.c:535 +msgid "" +"Define local variables.\n" +" \n" +" Create a local variable called NAME, and give it VALUE. OPTION can\n" +" be any option accepted by `declare'.\n" +" \n" +" Local variables can only be used within a function; they are visible\n" +" only to the function where they are defined and its children.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied, a variable\n" +" assignment error occurs, or the shell is not executing a function." +msgstr "" +"Definer lokale variabler.\n" +" \n" +" Lag en lokal variabel med valgt NAVN og VERDI. Du kan foreta\n" +" VALG i henhold til kommandoen «declare».\n" +" \n" +" Lokale variabler kan bare brukes innenfor en funksjon. De er kun synlige\n" +" for funksjonen de lages innenfor, samt underfunksjoner.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre brukeren tar et ugyldig valg, det oppstår\n" +" en feil under variabeltildeling eller skallet ikke kjører en funksjon." + +#: builtins.c:552 +msgid "" +"Write arguments to the standard output.\n" +" \n" +" Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by a\n" +" newline, on the standard output.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -n\tdo not append a newline\n" +" -e\tenable interpretation of the following backslash escapes\n" +" -E\texplicitly suppress interpretation of backslash escapes\n" +" \n" +" `echo' interprets the following backslash-escaped characters:\n" +" \\a\talert (bell)\n" +" \\b\tbackspace\n" +" \\c\tsuppress further output\n" +" \\e\tescape character\n" +" \\E\tescape character\n" +" \\f\tform feed\n" +" \\n\tnew line\n" +" \\r\tcarriage return\n" +" \\t\thorizontal tab\n" +" \\v\tvertical tab\n" +" \\\\\tbackslash\n" +" \\0nnn\tthe character whose ASCII code is NNN (octal). NNN can be\n" +" \t0 to 3 octal digits\n" +" \\xHH\tthe eight-bit character whose value is HH (hexadecimal). HH\n" +" \tcan be one or two hex digits\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless a write error occurs." +msgstr "" +"Skriv argumenter til standardutdata.\n" +" \n" +" Send ARGumenter til standardutdata, adskilt med enkelt mellomromtegn og\n" +" etterfulgt av linjeskift.n \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -n\tikke legg til linjeskift\n" +" -e\tslå på tolkning av skråstrek-skiftetegn\n" +" -E\tslå uttrykkelig av tolkning av skåstrek-skiftetegn\n" +" \n" +" «echo» tolker følgende skiftetegn:\n" +" \\a\tsystemvarsel\n" +" \\b\tskråstrektegn\n" +" \\c\tavbryt etterfølgende utdata\n" +" \\e\tskiftetegn\n" +" \\E\tskiftetegn\n" +" \\f\tsideskift\n" +" \\n\tny linje\n" +" \\r\tlinjeskift-tegn\n" +" \\t\thorisontal tabulator\n" +" \\v\tvertikal tabulator\n" +" \\\\\tomvendt skråstrek\n" +" \\0nnn\ttegn med ASCII-kode NNN (oktal). NNN kan bestå av\n" +" \t0 til 3 oktale sifre\n" +" \\xHH\t8-bit-tegn med verdi HH (heksadesimal). HH\n" +" \tkan bestå av ett eller to hex-sifre\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre det oppstår en skrivefeil." + +#: builtins.c:588 +msgid "" +"Write arguments to the standard output.\n" +" \n" +" Display the ARGs on the standard output followed by a newline.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -n\tdo not append a newline\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless a write error occurs." +msgstr "" +"Skriv ut argumenter til standardutdata.\n" +" \n" +" Vis ARGumenter på standardutdata, etterfulgt av linjeskift.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -n\tikke ta med linjeskift\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre det oppstår en skrivefeil." + +#: builtins.c:603 +msgid "" +"Enable and disable shell builtins.\n" +" \n" +" Enables and disables builtin shell commands. Disabling allows you to\n" +" execute a disk command which has the same name as a shell builtin\n" +" without using a full pathname.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -a\tprint a list of builtins showing whether or not each is enabled\n" +" -n\tdisable each NAME or display a list of disabled builtins\n" +" -p\tprint the list of builtins in a reusable format\n" +" -s\tprint only the names of Posix `special' builtins\n" +" \n" +" Options controlling dynamic loading:\n" +" -f\tLoad builtin NAME from shared object FILENAME\n" +" -d\tRemove a builtin loaded with -f\n" +" \n" +" Without options, each NAME is enabled.\n" +" \n" +" To use the `test' found in $PATH instead of the shell builtin\n" +" version, type `enable -n test'.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless NAME is not a shell builtin or an error occurs." +msgstr "" +"Slå på og av innebygde skallfunksjoner.\n" +" \n" +" Slår av og på innebygde skallkommandoer. Ved å slå av kan du\n" +" kjøre en kommando på disk med samme navnet som en skallkommando\n" +" uten å måtte bruke fullstendig filsti.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -a\tskriv ut en liste som viser hvilke kommandoer som er slått på\n" +" -n\tslå av hvert valgt NAVN, eller vis en liste over kommandoer som er slått av\n" +" -p\tskriv ut liste over kommandoer i et gjenbrukbart format\n" +" -s\tbare skriv ut navn på innebygde Posix-spesialkommandoer\n" +" \n" +" Valg for dynamisk innlasting:\n" +" -f\tHent NAVN fra delt objekt-FILNAVN\n" +" -d\tFjern en kommando som er lastet inn med -f\n" +" \n" +" Hvis du ikke tar noen valg, blir hvert NAVN slått på.\n" +" \n" +" Bruk «enable -n test» for å bruke «test» i $PATH i stedet for\n" +" versjonen som er innebygd i skallet.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre valgt NAVN ikke er innebygd eller det oppstår en feil." + +#: builtins.c:631 +msgid "" +"Execute arguments as a shell command.\n" +" \n" +" Combine ARGs into a single string, use the result as input to the shell,\n" +" and execute the resulting commands.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns exit status of command or success if command is null." +msgstr "" +"Kjør argumenter som en skallkommando.\n" +" \n" +" Kombiner ARGumenter i én streng, bruk resultatet som inndata i skallet,\n" +" og kjør dette som kommando(er).\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Samme som valgt kommando, eller vellykket hvis kommando er null." + +#: builtins.c:643 +msgid "" +"Parse option arguments.\n" +" \n" +" Getopts is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters\n" +" as options.\n" +" \n" +" OPTSTRING contains the option letters to be recognized; if a letter\n" +" is followed by a colon, the option is expected to have an argument,\n" +" which should be separated from it by white space.\n" +" \n" +" Each time it is invoked, getopts will place the next option in the\n" +" shell variable $name, initializing name if it does not exist, and\n" +" the index of the next argument to be processed into the shell\n" +" variable OPTIND. OPTIND is initialized to 1 each time the shell or\n" +" a shell script is invoked. When an option requires an argument,\n" +" getopts places that argument into the shell variable OPTARG.\n" +" \n" +" getopts reports errors in one of two ways. If the first character\n" +" of OPTSTRING is a colon, getopts uses silent error reporting. In\n" +" this mode, no error messages are printed. If an invalid option is\n" +" seen, getopts places the option character found into OPTARG. If a\n" +" required argument is not found, getopts places a ':' into NAME and\n" +" sets OPTARG to the option character found. If getopts is not in\n" +" silent mode, and an invalid option is seen, getopts places '?' into\n" +" NAME and unsets OPTARG. If a required argument is not found, a '?'\n" +" is placed in NAME, OPTARG is unset, and a diagnostic message is\n" +" printed.\n" +" \n" +" If the shell variable OPTERR has the value 0, getopts disables the\n" +" printing of error messages, even if the first character of\n" +" OPTSTRING is not a colon. OPTERR has the value 1 by default.\n" +" \n" +" Getopts normally parses the positional parameters ($0 - $9), but if\n" +" more arguments are given, they are parsed instead.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success if an option is found; fails if the end of options is\n" +" encountered or an error occurs." +msgstr "" +"Tolk valg-argumenter.\n" +" \n" +" Getopts brukes av skallprosedyrer til å tolke posisjonsparametre\n" +" som valg.\n" +" \n" +" VALGSTRENG inneholder bokstaver som skal behandles som valg.\n" +" Hvis en bokstav etterfølges av kolon, forventer valget et argument.\n" +" Argumentet holdes adskilt fra valget med blanktegn.\n" +" \n" +" getopts plasserer neste valg i skallvariabelen $name hver gang det\n" +" kalles, laster inn navnet hvis det ikke finnes, og\n" +" indeks for neste argument som skal behandles i skallvariabelen OPTIND.\n" +" OPTIND lastes inn til 1 hver gang skallet eller et skallskript kjøres.\n" +" Når et valg krever et argument plasseres argumentet i skallvariabelen OPTARG.\n" +" \n" +" getopts rapporterer feil på én av to måter. Hvis første tegn i VALGSTRENG\n" +" er kolon, rapporteres feil uten direkte feilmeldinger til brukeren.\n" +" Hvis getopts ser et ugyldig valg, plasseres aktuelt valgtegn i OPTARG.\n" +" Hvis et obligatorisk argument ikke er gitt, legger getopts et «:» i NAVN og\n" +" bruker oppdaget valgtegn som OPTARG. Hvis getopts ikke er i stillemodus,\n" +" og ser et ugyldig valg, brukes «?» som NAVN, og OPTARG tømmes.\n" +" Hvis et obligatorisk argument ikke er gitt, legger getopts et «?»\n" +" i NAVN, tømmer OPTARG og skriver ut en feilmelding.\n" +" \n" +" Hvis skallvariabelen OPTERR har verdien 0, slår getopts av utskrift\n" +" av feilmeldinger, selv hvis første tegn i VALGSTRENG ikke er kolon.\n" +" OPTERR har verdien 1 som standard.\n" +" \n" +" Getopts tolker vanligvis posisjonsparametre ($0 - $9), men hvis\n" +" flere argumenter er gitt, blir disse tolket i stedet.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket hvis et valg finnes, og mislykket hvis et valg ikke finnes\n" +" eller det oppstår en annen feil." + +#: builtins.c:685 +msgid "" +"Replace the shell with the given command.\n" +" \n" +" Execute COMMAND, replacing this shell with the specified program.\n" +" ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not specified,\n" +" any redirections take effect in the current shell.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -a name\tpass NAME as the zeroth argument to COMMAND\n" +" -c\t\texecute COMMAND with an empty environment\n" +" -l\t\tplace a dash in the zeroth argument to COMMAND\n" +" \n" +" If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, unless\n" +" the shell option `execfail' is set.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error occurs." +msgstr "" +"Erstatt skallet med valgt kommando.\n" +" \n" +" Kjør KOMMANDO, og erstatt dette skallet med valgt program.\n" +" ARGUMENTER sendes videre til valgt KOMMANDO. Hvis KOMMANDO ikke er valgt,\n" +" blir videresendinger brukt i gjeldende skall.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -a name\tsend NAVN som argument nummer null for KOMMANDO\n" +" -c\t\tkjør valgt KOMMANDO med et tomt miljø\n" +" -l\t\tbruk bindestrek som argument nummer null for COMMAND\n" +" \n" +" Hvis kommandoen ikke kan kjøres, avsluttes ikke-interaktivt skall, med mindre\n" +" skallvalget «execfail» er brukt.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre valgt KOMMANDO ikke finnes eller det oppstår en videresendingsfeil." + +#: builtins.c:706 +msgid "" +"Exit the shell.\n" +" \n" +" Exits the shell with a status of N. If N is omitted, the exit status\n" +" is that of the last command executed." +msgstr "" +"Avslutt skallet.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutt skallet med status N. Hvis N utelates, er statuskoden\n" +" den samme som forrige kjørte kommando." + +#: builtins.c:715 +msgid "" +"Exit a login shell.\n" +" \n" +" Exits a login shell with exit status N. Returns an error if not executed\n" +" in a login shell." +msgstr "" +"Avslutt et innloggingsskall.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutter et innloggingsskall med status N. Dette gir feilmelding hvis det\n" +" ikke kjøres i et innloggingsskall." + +#: builtins.c:725 +msgid "" +"Display or execute commands from the history list.\n" +" \n" +" fc is used to list or edit and re-execute commands from the history list.\n" +" FIRST and LAST can be numbers specifying the range, or FIRST can be a\n" +" string, which means the most recent command beginning with that\n" +" string.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -e ENAME\tselect which editor to use. Default is FCEDIT, then EDITOR,\n" +" \t\tthen vi\n" +" -l \tlist lines instead of editing\n" +" -n\tomit line numbers when listing\n" +" -r\treverse the order of the lines (newest listed first)\n" +" \n" +" With the `fc -s [pat=rep ...] [command]' format, COMMAND is\n" +" re-executed after the substitution OLD=NEW is performed.\n" +" \n" +" A useful alias to use with this is r='fc -s', so that typing `r cc'\n" +" runs the last command beginning with `cc' and typing `r' re-executes\n" +" the last command.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success or status of executed command; non-zero if an error occurs." +msgstr "" +"Vis eller kjør kommandoer fra historikklista.\n" +" \n" +" fc brukes til å vise list eller redigere og kjøre kommandoer på nytt fra historikklista.\n" +" FØRSTE og SISTE kan være tall som angir rekkevidde. FØRSTE kan også være en\n" +" streng, som betyr nyeste kommando som begynner med denne strengen.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -e ENAME\tvelg hvilket redigeringsprogram som skal brukes. Standard er FCEDIT, evt. EDITOR\n" +" \t\teller vi\n" +" -l \tvis linjer i stedet for å redigere\n" +" -n\tikke vis linjenumre\n" +" -r\tvis linjer i omvendt rekkefølge (nyeste linjer øverst)\n" +" \n" +" I formatet «fc -s [pat=rep …] [kommando]» kjøres KOMMANDO\n" +" på nytt etter at GAMMEL=NY er utført.\n" +" \n" +" Et nyttig alias for dette er r='fc -s'. Slik blir «r cc» ensbetydende\n" +" med å kjøre forrige kommando med navn som begynner på «cc», og «r»\n" +" betyr å kjøre forrige kommando.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Enten vellykket, samme som kjørt kommando eller noe annet enn null hvis det oppstår feil." + +#: builtins.c:755 +msgid "" +"Move job to the foreground.\n" +" \n" +" Place the job identified by JOB_SPEC in the foreground, making it the\n" +" current job. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion of the\n" +" current job is used.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Status of command placed in foreground, or failure if an error occurs." +msgstr "" +"Flytt jobb til forgrunnen.\n" +" \n" +" Plasser jobb med id-en JOB_SPEC i forgrunnen, slik at den blir\n" +" gjeldende jobb. Hvis JOB_SPEC ikke er oppgitt, brukes jobben som\n" +" allerede oppfattes som gjeldende i skallet.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Samme som kommandoen som legges i forgrunnen, eller mislykket hvis det oppstår en feil." + +#: builtins.c:770 +msgid "" +"Move jobs to the background.\n" +" \n" +" Place the jobs identified by each JOB_SPEC in the background, as if they\n" +" had been started with `&'. If JOB_SPEC is not present, the shell's notion\n" +" of the current job is used.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless job control is not enabled or an error occurs." +msgstr "" +"Flytt jobber til bakgrunnen.\n" +" \n" +" Plasser jobber med id-er JOB_SPEC i bakgrunnen, som om de\n" +" ble startet med «&». Hvis JOB_SPEC ikke er oppgitt, brukes jobben som allerede\n" +" som gjeldende i skallet.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre jobbkontroll er slått av eller det oppstår en feil." + +#: builtins.c:784 +msgid "" +"Remember or display program locations.\n" +" \n" +" Determine and remember the full pathname of each command NAME. If\n" +" no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is displayed.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -d\t\tforget the remembered location of each NAME\n" +" -l\t\tdisplay in a format that may be reused as input\n" +" -p pathname\tuse PATHNAME as the full pathname of NAME\n" +" -r\t\tforget all remembered locations\n" +" -t\t\tprint the remembered location of each NAME, preceding\n" +" \t\teach location with the corresponding NAME if multiple\n" +" \t\tNAMEs are given\n" +" Arguments:\n" +" NAME\t\tEach NAME is searched for in $PATH and added to the list\n" +" \t\tof remembered commands.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless NAME is not found or an invalid option is given." +msgstr "" +"Husk eller vis programplasseringer.\n" +" \n" +" Finn ut og husk fullstendige stinavn på hvert kommandoNAVN. Hvis\n" +" ingen argumenter er gitt, viser programmet lagrede programplasseringer.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -d\t\tglem lagret plassering av valgt(e) NAVN\n" +" -l\t\tskriv ut i gjenbrukbart format\n" +" -p stinavn\tbruk valgt STINAVN som fullstendig stinavn på valgt NAVN\n" +" -r\t\tglem alle lagrede plasseringer\n" +" -t\t\tskriv ut lagret plassering av valgt(e) NAVN, med\n" +" \t\tNAVN foran aktuell plassering hvis flere NAVN er valgt\n" +" Argumenter:\n" +" NAVN\t\tProgrammet søker etter hvert NAVN i $PATH og legger det til i lista\n" +" \t\tover lagrede kommandoer.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre NAVN ikke finnes eller brukeren tar et ugyldig valg." + +#: builtins.c:809 +msgid "" +"Display information about builtin commands.\n" +" \n" +" Displays brief summaries of builtin commands. If PATTERN is\n" +" specified, gives detailed help on all commands matching PATTERN,\n" +" otherwise the list of help topics is printed.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -d\toutput short description for each topic\n" +" -m\tdisplay usage in pseudo-manpage format\n" +" -s\toutput only a short usage synopsis for each topic matching\n" +" \tPATTERN\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" PATTERN\tPattern specifiying a help topic\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is given." +msgstr "" +"Vis informasjon om innebygde kommandoer.\n" +" \n" +" Vis kort sammendrag om innebygde kommandoer. Hvis MØNSTER er\n" +" gitt, vises detaljert hjelp til bruk av alle kommandoer som samsvarer\n" +" med MØNSTER. Ellers vises en liste over hjelpeemner.\n" +" \n" +" VALG:\n" +" -d\tskriv ut en kort beskrivelse av hvert emne\n" +" -m\tetterlikn «manpage»-format i bruksdata\n" +" -s\tbare vis et kort brukssammendrag per emne som samsvarer\n" +" \tmed MØNSTER\n" +" \n" +" Argumenter:\n" +" MØNSTER\tVelger hjelpeemne\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre et MØNSTER ikke finnes eller brukeren tar et ugyldig valg." + +#: builtins.c:833 +msgid "" +"Display or manipulate the history list.\n" +" \n" +" Display the history list with line numbers, prefixing each modified\n" +" entry with a `*'. An argument of N lists only the last N entries.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -c\tclear the history list by deleting all of the entries\n" +" -d offset\tdelete the history entry at offset OFFSET.\n" +" \n" +" -a\tappend history lines from this session to the history file\n" +" -n\tread all history lines not already read from the history file\n" +" -r\tread the history file and append the contents to the history\n" +" \tlist\n" +" -w\twrite the current history to the history file\n" +" \tand append them to the history list\n" +" \n" +" -p\tperform history expansion on each ARG and display the result\n" +" \twithout storing it in the history list\n" +" -s\tappend the ARGs to the history list as a single entry\n" +" \n" +" If FILENAME is given, it is used as the history file. Otherwise,\n" +" if $HISTFILE has a value, that is used, else ~/.bash_history.\n" +" \n" +" If the $HISTTIMEFORMAT variable is set and not null, its value is used\n" +" as a format string for strftime(3) to print the time stamp associated\n" +" with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed otherwise.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs." +msgstr "" +"Vis eller gjør endringer i kommandohistorikk.\n" +" \n" +" Vis historikk som en liste med linjenumre, og legg til en «*» foran\n" +" endrede oppføringer. Argumentet N viser siste N antall oppføringer.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -c\ttøm historikk ved å slette alle oppføringer\n" +" -d posisjon\tslett historikkoppføring ved valgt posisjon.\n" +" \n" +" -a\tlegg til linjer fra denne økta i historikkfil\n" +" -n\tles alle historikklinjer som ikke allerede er lest inn fra historikkfil\n" +" -r\tles historikkfil og legg til innhold i historikkliste\n" +" -w\tlagre gjeldende historikk i historikkfil\n" +" \tog legg til i historikkliste\n" +" \n" +" -p\tutfør historikkutvidelse per ARGument og vis resultatet\n" +" \tuten å lagre det i historikkliste\n" +" -s\tlegg til ARGumenter i historikkliste som én enkelt oppføring\n" +" \n" +" Hvis FILNAVN er valgt, brukes dette som historikkfil. Hvis ikke, brukes\n" +" $HISTFILE hvis den har en verdi. Ellers brukes «~/.bash_history».\n" +" \n" +" Hvis variabelen $HISTTIMEFORMAT har en verdi som ikke er null, brukes denne\n" +" verdien som formatstreng for strftime(3) for å skriv ut tidsstempelet i\n" +" hver historikkoppføring. Ellers skrives ingen tidsstempler ut.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre brukeren tar et ugyldig valg eller det oppstår en feil." + +#: builtins.c:869 +msgid "" +"Display status of jobs.\n" +" \n" +" Lists the active jobs. JOBSPEC restricts output to that job.\n" +" Without options, the status of all active jobs is displayed.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -l\tlists process IDs in addition to the normal information\n" +" -n\tlist only processes that have changed status since the last\n" +" \tnotification\n" +" -p\tlists process IDs only\n" +" -r\trestrict output to running jobs\n" +" -s\trestrict output to stopped jobs\n" +" \n" +" If -x is supplied, COMMAND is run after all job specifications that\n" +" appear in ARGS have been replaced with the process ID of that job's\n" +" process group leader.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs.\n" +" If -x is used, returns the exit status of COMMAND." +msgstr "" +"VIs status for bakgrunnsjobber.\n" +" \n" +" Vis aktive bakgrunnsjobber. JOBBSPES begrenser utskrift til valgt jobb.\n" +" Hvis ingenting er valgt, vises status for alle aktive jobber.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -l\tvis prosess-ID-er i tillegg til vanlig informasjon\n" +" -n\tbare vis prosesser som har endret stattus siden forrige\n" +" \tvarsling\n" +" -p\tbare vis prosess-ID-er\n" +" -r\tbare skriv ut kjørende jobber\n" +" -s\tbare skriv ut ventende jobber\n" +" \n" +" Hvis «-x» er valgt, kjøres KOMMANDO straks alle ARGumenterte\n" +" jobber er erstattet med prosess-ID-en til gjeldende prosessgruppeleder.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre brukeren tar et ugyldig valg eller det oppstår en feil.\n" +" Hvis «-x» er valgt, hentes statuskode fra aktuell KOMMANDO." + +#: builtins.c:896 +msgid "" +"Remove jobs from current shell.\n" +" \n" +" Removes each JOBSPEC argument from the table of active jobs. Without\n" +" any JOBSPECs, the shell uses its notion of the current job.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -a\tremove all jobs if JOBSPEC is not supplied\n" +" -h\tmark each JOBSPEC so that SIGHUP is not sent to the job if the\n" +" \tshell receives a SIGHUP\n" +" -r\tremove only running jobs\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option or JOBSPEC is given." +msgstr "" +"Fjern jobber fra gjeldende skall.\n" +" \n" +" Fjerner hvert JOBBSPES-argument fra tabellen med aktive jobber.\n" +" Hvis ingen JOBBSPES er valgt, brukes jobben som regnes som gjeldende.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -a\tfjern alle jobber hvis JOBBSPES ikke er angitt\n" +" -h\tmarker hver JOBBSPES slik at SIGHUP ikke sendes til jobben hvis skallet\n" +" \tmottar et SIGHUP\n" +" -r\tbare fjern kjørende jobber\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre brukeren bruker ugyldig(e) valg eller JOBBSPES." + +#: builtins.c:915 +msgid "" +"Send a signal to a job.\n" +" \n" +" Send the processes identified by PID or JOBSPEC the signal named by\n" +" SIGSPEC or SIGNUM. If neither SIGSPEC nor SIGNUM is present, then\n" +" SIGTERM is assumed.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -s sig\tSIG is a signal name\n" +" -n sig\tSIG is a signal number\n" +" -l\tlist the signal names; if arguments follow `-l' they are\n" +" \tassumed to be signal numbers for which names should be listed\n" +" \n" +" Kill is a shell builtin for two reasons: it allows job IDs to be used\n" +" instead of process IDs, and allows processes to be killed if the limit\n" +" on processes that you can create is reached.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs." +msgstr "" +"Send et signal til en jobb.\n" +" \n" +" Gi prosesser (valgt med PID eller JOBBSPES) et signal\n" +" (valgt med SIGSPES eller SIGNUM). Hvis hverken SIGSPES eller SIGNUM er valgt,\n" +" brukes SIGTERM.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -s sig\tSIG er et signalnavn\n" +" -n sig\tSIG er et signalnummer\n" +" -l\tvis signalnavn. Hvis «-l» etterfølges av argumenter,\n" +" \tantas disse å være signalnumre som det skal vises navn på\n" +" \n" +" Kill er en innebygget skallkommando av to grunner: den tillater bruk av jobb-ID\n" +" i stedet for prosess-ID, og lar brukeren drepe prosesser hvis grensa for\n" +" tillatt antall prosesser er nådd.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre brukeren tar et ugyldig valg eller det oppstår feil." + +#: builtins.c:938 +msgid "" +"Evaluate arithmetic expressions.\n" +" \n" +" Evaluate each ARG as an arithmetic expression. Evaluation is done in\n" +" fixed-width integers with no check for overflow, though division by 0\n" +" is trapped and flagged as an error. The following list of operators is\n" +" grouped into levels of equal-precedence operators. The levels are listed\n" +" in order of decreasing precedence.\n" +" \n" +" \tid++, id--\tvariable post-increment, post-decrement\n" +" \t++id, --id\tvariable pre-increment, pre-decrement\n" +" \t-, +\t\tunary minus, plus\n" +" \t!, ~\t\tlogical and bitwise negation\n" +" \t**\t\texponentiation\n" +" \t*, /, %\t\tmultiplication, division, remainder\n" +" \t+, -\t\taddition, subtraction\n" +" \t<<, >>\t\tleft and right bitwise shifts\n" +" \t<=, >=, <, >\tcomparison\n" +" \t==, !=\t\tequality, inequality\n" +" \t&\t\tbitwise AND\n" +" \t^\t\tbitwise XOR\n" +" \t|\t\tbitwise OR\n" +" \t&&\t\tlogical AND\n" +" \t||\t\tlogical OR\n" +" \texpr ? expr : expr\n" +" \t\t\tconditional operator\n" +" \t=, *=, /=, %=,\n" +" \t+=, -=, <<=, >>=,\n" +" \t&=, ^=, |=\tassignment\n" +" \n" +" Shell variables are allowed as operands. The name of the variable\n" +" is replaced by its value (coerced to a fixed-width integer) within\n" +" an expression. The variable need not have its integer attribute\n" +" turned on to be used in an expression.\n" +" \n" +" Operators are evaluated in order of precedence. Sub-expressions in\n" +" parentheses are evaluated first and may override the precedence\n" +" rules above.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" If the last ARG evaluates to 0, let returns 1; let returns 0 otherwise." +msgstr "" +"Kontroller aritmetiske uttrykk.\n" +" \n" +" Kontroller hvert ARGument som et aritmetisk uttrykk. Kontroll utføres i\n" +" breddefaste heltall uten overflodssjekk, men deling på 0 fanges opp\n" +" og markeres som en feil. Følgende liste over operatører er\n" +" sortert gruppevis på presedensnivå, som vises i synkende rekkefølge.\n" +" \n" +" \tid++, id--\tvariabel post-inkrement, post-dekrement\n" +" \t++id, --id\tvariabel pre-inkrement, pre-dekrement\n" +" \t-, +\t\tunær minus, pluss\n" +" \t!, ~\t\tlogisk og bitvis negasjon\n" +" \t**\t\teksponentiasjon\n" +" \t*, /, %\t\tmultiplikasjon, divisjon, rest\n" +" \t+, -\t\taddisjon, subtraksjon\n" +" \t<<, >>\t\tvenstre og høyre bitvis bytte\n" +" \t<=, >=, <, >\tsammenlikning\n" +" \t==, !=\t\tlikhet, ulikhet\n" +" \t&\t\tbitvis AND\n" +" \t^\t\tbitvis XOR\n" +" \t|\t\tbitvis OR\n" +" \t&&\t\tlogisk AND\n" +" \t||\t\tlogisk OR\n" +" \texpr ? expr : expr\n" +" \t\t\tbetinget operatør\n" +" \t=, *=, /=, %=,\n" +" \t+=, -=, <<=, >>=,\n" +" \t&=, ^=, |=\toppgave\n" +" \n" +" Skallvariabler tillates som operand. Variabelens navn erstattes med\n" +" verdien (tvunget til et breddefast heltall) i et uttrykk.\n" +" Variabelen behøver ikke heltallsattributt for å kunne brukes i et uttrykk.\n" +" \n" +" Operatører regnes ut etter presedens. Underuttrykk i parentes\n" +" regnes ut først, og kan overstyre overnevnte presedensregler.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Hvis siste ARGument blir 0, er status 1. Ellers er statuskoden 0." + +#: builtins.c:983 +msgid "" +"Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.\n" +" \n" +" Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD\n" +" if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with word\n" +" splitting, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second\n" +" word to the second NAME, and so on, with any leftover words assigned to\n" +" the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as word\n" +" delimiters.\n" +" \n" +" If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY variable.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -a array\tassign the words read to sequential indices of the array\n" +" \t\tvariable ARRAY, starting at zero\n" +" -d delim\tcontinue until the first character of DELIM is read, rather\n" +" \t\tthan newline\n" +" -e\t\tuse Readline to obtain the line in an interactive shell\n" +" -i text\tUse TEXT as the initial text for Readline\n" +" -n nchars\treturn after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting\n" +" \t\tfor a newline, but honor a delimiter if fewer than NCHARS\n" +" \t\tcharacters are read before the delimiter\n" +" -N nchars\treturn only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, unless\n" +" \t\tEOF is encountered or read times out, ignoring any delimiter\n" +" -p prompt\toutput the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before\n" +" \t\tattempting to read\n" +" -r\t\tdo not allow backslashes to escape any characters\n" +" -s\t\tdo not echo input coming from a terminal\n" +" -t timeout\ttime out and return failure if a complete line of input is\n" +" \t\tnot read within TIMEOUT seconds. The value of the TMOUT\n" +" \t\tvariable is the default timeout. TIMEOUT may be a\n" +" \t\tfractional number. If TIMEOUT is 0, read returns immediately,\n" +" \t\twithout trying to read any data, returning success only if\n" +" \t\tinput is available on the specified file descriptor. The\n" +" \t\texit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is exceeded\n" +" -u fd\t\tread from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out\n" +" (in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error occurs,\n" +" or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u." +msgstr "" +"Les en linje fra standard inndata og del den opp i felt.\n" +" \n" +" Leser en enkeltlinje fra standard inndata, eller fra fildeskriptor FD\n" +" hvis «-u» er valgt. Linja deles opp i felt på samme måte som orddeling.\n" +" Første ord tildeles første NAVN, ord nummer to til NAVN nummer to,\n" +" og så videre. Eventuelle restrerende ord tildeles siste NAVN.\n" +" Bare tegn som finnes i $IFS regnes som ord-skilletegn.\n" +" \n" +" Hvis ingen NAVN er oppgitt, legges lest linje i variabelen REPLY.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -a rekke\tknytt leste ord til sekvens-indekser i \n" +" \t\trekkevariabelen REKKE, talt fra null\n" +" -d skill\tfortsett frem til første SKILLetegn, i stedet for frem til linjeskift\n" +" -e\t\tbruk Readline til å hente linja i et interaktivt skall\n" +" -i tekst\tBruk valgt TEKST med Readline\n" +" -n n\tgå tilbake etter å ha lest N antall tegn i stedet for å vente på ny linje,\n" +" \t\tmen bruk skilletegn hvis linja er kortere enn N\n" +" \t\tles tegn før skilletegn\n" +" -N N\tgå tilbake etter å ha lest nøyaktig N antall tegn, med mindre\n" +" \t\tEOF eller tidsavbrudd oppstår (skilletegn ignoreres)\n" +" -p ledet\tskriv ut valgt LEDETekst uten å legge til linjeskift før lesing\n" +" -r\t\tikke tillat bruk av skråstrek som skiftetegn\n" +" -s\t\tikke skriv ut inndata som kommer fra en terminal\n" +" -t tidsav\tavbryt og avslutt med feil hvis en hel linje med inndata\n" +" \t\tikke blir lest ferdig innen valgt TIDSAVbrudd (i sekunder).\n" +" \t\tStandard avbruddstid hentes fra variabelen TMOUT. TIDSAVbrudd kan være\n" +" \t\tet brøktall. Hvis TIDSAV er 0, går read tilbake umiddelbart,\n" +" \t\tog prøver ikke å lese data. I sistnevnte tilfelle avslutter read bare\n" +" \t\tvellykket hvis inndata er tilgjengelig på valgt fildeskriptor.\n" +" \t\tAvslutningsstatus er større enn 128 ved tidsavbrudd\n" +" -u fd\t\tles fra fildeskriptor FD i stedet for standard inndata\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Null (vellykket), med mindre programmet møter EOF, får tidsavbrudd\n" +" (i så fall er verdien høyere enn 128), det oppstår en variabel-tidelingsfeil,\n" +" eller valget «-u» argumenteres med en ugyldig fildeskriptor." + +#: builtins.c:1028 +msgid "" +"Return from a shell function.\n" +" \n" +" Causes a function or sourced script to exit with the return value\n" +" specified by N. If N is omitted, the return status is that of the\n" +" last command executed within the function or script.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns N, or failure if the shell is not executing a function or script." +msgstr "" +"Gå ut av en skallfunksjon.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutter en funksjon eller kildeskript med status N.\n" +" Hvis N er utelatt, brukes statuskoden fra forrige kommando\n" +" i funksjonen eller skriptet.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" N, eller mislykket hvis skallet ikke kjører en funksjon eller et skript." + +#: builtins.c:1041 +msgid "" +"Set or unset values of shell options and positional parameters.\n" +" \n" +" Change the value of shell attributes and positional parameters, or\n" +" display the names and values of shell variables.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -a Mark variables which are modified or created for export.\n" +" -b Notify of job termination immediately.\n" +" -e Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status.\n" +" -f Disable file name generation (globbing).\n" +" -h Remember the location of commands as they are looked up.\n" +" -k All assignment arguments are placed in the environment for a\n" +" command, not just those that precede the command name.\n" +" -m Job control is enabled.\n" +" -n Read commands but do not execute them.\n" +" -o option-name\n" +" Set the variable corresponding to option-name:\n" +" allexport same as -a\n" +" braceexpand same as -B\n" +" emacs use an emacs-style line editing interface\n" +" errexit same as -e\n" +" errtrace same as -E\n" +" functrace same as -T\n" +" hashall same as -h\n" +" histexpand same as -H\n" +" history enable command history\n" +" ignoreeof the shell will not exit upon reading EOF\n" +" interactive-comments\n" +" allow comments to appear in interactive commands\n" +" keyword same as -k\n" +" monitor same as -m\n" +" noclobber same as -C\n" +" noexec same as -n\n" +" noglob same as -f\n" +" nolog currently accepted but ignored\n" +" notify same as -b\n" +" nounset same as -u\n" +" onecmd same as -t\n" +" physical same as -P\n" +" pipefail the return value of a pipeline is the status of\n" +" the last command to exit with a non-zero status,\n" +" or zero if no command exited with a non-zero status\n" +" posix change the behavior of bash where the default\n" +" operation differs from the Posix standard to\n" +" match the standard\n" +" privileged same as -p\n" +" verbose same as -v\n" +" vi use a vi-style line editing interface\n" +" xtrace same as -x\n" +" -p Turned on whenever the real and effective user ids do not match.\n" +" Disables processing of the $ENV file and importing of shell\n" +" functions. Turning this option off causes the effective uid and\n" +" gid to be set to the real uid and gid.\n" +" -t Exit after reading and executing one command.\n" +" -u Treat unset variables as an error when substituting.\n" +" -v Print shell input lines as they are read.\n" +" -x Print commands and their arguments as they are executed.\n" +" -B the shell will perform brace expansion\n" +" -C If set, disallow existing regular files to be overwritten\n" +" by redirection of output.\n" +" -E If set, the ERR trap is inherited by shell functions.\n" +" -H Enable ! style history substitution. This flag is on\n" +" by default when the shell is interactive.\n" +" -P If set, do not resolve symbolic links when executing commands\n" +" such as cd which change the current directory.\n" +" -T If set, the DEBUG trap is inherited by shell functions.\n" +" -- Assign any remaining arguments to the positional parameters.\n" +" If there are no remaining arguments, the positional parameters\n" +" are unset.\n" +" - Assign any remaining arguments to the positional parameters.\n" +" The -x and -v options are turned off.\n" +" \n" +" Using + rather than - causes these flags to be turned off. The\n" +" flags can also be used upon invocation of the shell. The current\n" +" set of flags may be found in $-. The remaining n ARGs are positional\n" +" parameters and are assigned, in order, to $1, $2, .. $n. If no\n" +" ARGs are given, all shell variables are printed.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is given." +msgstr "" +"Legg til eller fjern verdier for skallvalg og posisjonsparametre.\n" +" \n" +" Endre verdien av skall-attributter og posisjonsparametre, eller\n" +" vis navn og verdier av skallvariabler.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -a Marker variabler som er endret eller laget for eksportering.\n" +" -b Varsle jobbavbrudd umiddelbart.\n" +" -e Avslutt hvis en kommando avslutter med annen status enn null.\n" +" -f Slå av generering av filnavn («globbing»).\n" +" -h Husk plassering av kommandoer ved oppslag.\n" +" -k Legg alle tildelingsargumenter for en kommando i miljøet,\n" +" og ikke bare de som kommer før kommandonavnet.\n" +" -m Slå på jobbkontroll.\n" +" -n Les kommandoer, men ikke kjør dem.\n" +" -o valgnavn\n" +" Gi verdi til variabelen som samsvarer med valgnavn:\n" +" allexport tilsvarer «-a»\n" +" braceexpand tilsvarer «-B»\n" +" emacs rediger linjer med et emacs-aktig grensesnitt\n" +" errexit tilsvarer «-e»\n" +" errtrace tilsvarer «-E»\n" +" functrace tilsvarer «-T»\n" +" hashall tilsvarer «-h»\n" +" histexpand tilsvarer «-H»\n" +" history slå på kommandohistorikk\n" +" ignoreeof ikke avslutt skall ved lesing av EOF\n" +" interactive-comments\n" +" tillat kommentarer i interaktive kommandoer\n" +" keyword tilsvarer «-k»\n" +" monitor tilsvarer «-m»\n" +" noclobber tilsvarer «-C»\n" +" noexec tilsvarer «-n»\n" +" noglob tilsvarer «-f»\n" +" nolog godtas, men ignoreres\n" +" notify tilsvarer «-b»\n" +" nounset tilsvarer «-u»\n" +" onecmd tilsvarer «-t»\n" +" physical tilsvarer «-P»\n" +" pipefail returverdi av en kommandokø er statusen for\n" +" siste kommando som avslutter med en annen status enn null,\n" +" eller null hvis alle kommandoer avsluttet med null\n" +" posix endre bash-oppførsel hvor standardoppførselen er\n" +" annerledes enn Posix-standarden, slik at bash\n" +" samsvarer med Posix\n" +" privileged tilsvarer «-p»\n" +" verbose tilsvarer «-v»\n" +" vi rediger linjer med et vi-aktig grensesnitt\n" +" xtrace tilsvarer «-x»\n" +" -p Slått på når virkelig og effektiv bruker-ID ikke er like.\n" +" Dette slår av behandling av fila $ENV og importering av\n" +" skallfunksjoner. Hvis du slår av dette valget, blir effektiv uid og\n" +" gid det samme som virkelig uid og gid.\n" +" -t Avslutt når én kommando er lest og kjørt.\n" +" -u Behandle udefinerte variabler som en feil.\n" +" -v Skriv ut skall-inndatalinjer når de leses.\n" +" -x Skriv ut kommandoer og argumenter når de kjøres.\n" +" -B utfør «brace»-utvidelse\n" +" -C Ikke tillat overskriving av vanlige filer ved\n" +" videresending av utdata.\n" +" -E Gi ERR-felle videre til skallfunksjoner.\n" +" -H Slå på historikk-subsidiering i «!»-stil. Dette er slått på\n" +" som standard i interaktive skall.\n" +" -P Ikke følg symbolske lenker ved kjøring av kommandoer\n" +" som «cd».\n" +" -T Gi DEBUG-felle videre til skallfunksjoner.\n" +" -- Tildel gjenstående argumenter til posisjonsparametre.\n" +" Hvis ingen argumenter gjenstår, tømmes posisjonsparametrene..\n" +" - Knytt gjenstående argumenter til posisjonsparametrene.\n" +" Valgene «-x» og «-v» er slått av.\n" +" \n" +" Bruk «+» i stedet for «-» for å skru av disse valgene.\n" +" De kan også brukes når skalelt kalles. Gjeldende valgsett finnes\n" +" i «$-». Gjenstående antall ARGumenter er posisjonsparametre,\n" +" og tildeles i rekkefølge til $1, $2, … $n. Hvis ingen\n" +" ARGumenter er brukt, skrives alle skallvariabler ut.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre brukeren tar et ugyldig valg." + +#: builtins.c:1126 +msgid "" +"Unset values and attributes of shell variables and functions.\n" +" \n" +" For each NAME, remove the corresponding variable or function.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -f\ttreat each NAME as a shell function\n" +" -v\ttreat each NAME as a shell variable\n" +" -n\ttreat each NAME as a name reference and unset the variable itself\n" +" \trather than the variable it references\n" +" \n" +" Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that fails,\n" +" tries to unset a function.\n" +" \n" +" Some variables cannot be unset; also see `readonly'.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a NAME is read-only." +msgstr "" +"Fjern verdier og attributter fra skallvariabler og funksjoner.\n" +" \n" +" Fjern variabel og funksjon per oppgitt NAVN.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -f\tbehandle hvert NAVN som en skallfunksjon\n" +" -v\tbehandle hvert NAVN som en skallvariabel\n" +" -n\tbehandle hvert NAVN som en navnreferanse, og tilbakestill selve variabelen\n" +" \ti stedet for variabelen den refererer til\n" +" \n" +" Hvis ingen valg er tatt, prøver programmet først å tømme en variabel.\n" +" Hvis dette mislykkes, prøver programmet å tømme en funksjon.\n" +" \n" +" Enkelte variabler kan ikke tømmes. Se også «readonly».\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre brukeren tar et ugyldig valg eller et NAVN er skrivebeskyttet." + +#: builtins.c:1148 +msgid "" +"Set export attribute for shell variables.\n" +" \n" +" Marks each NAME for automatic export to the environment of subsequently\n" +" executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before exporting.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -f\trefer to shell functions\n" +" -n\tremove the export property from each NAME\n" +" -p\tdisplay a list of all exported variables and functions\n" +" \n" +" An argument of `--' disables further option processing.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or NAME is invalid." +msgstr "" +"Gi skallvariabler eksport-attributt.\n" +" \n" +" Markerer hvert valgt NAVN for automatisk eksportering til miljøet ved etterfølgende\n" +" kjørte kommandoer. Hvis VERDI er oppgitt, tildeles VERDI før eksportering.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -f\thenvis til skallfunksjoner\n" +" -n\tfjern eksport-attributt fra valgt(e) NAVN\n" +" -p\tvis en liste over alle eksporterte variabler og funksjoner\n" +" \n" +" Bruk argumentet«--» for å slå av videre behandling av valg.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre brukeren tar et ugyldig valg, eller et NAVN er ugyldig." + +#: builtins.c:1167 +msgid "" +"Mark shell variables as unchangeable.\n" +" \n" +" Mark each NAME as read-only; the values of these NAMEs may not be\n" +" changed by subsequent assignment. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE\n" +" before marking as read-only.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -a\trefer to indexed array variables\n" +" -A\trefer to associative array variables\n" +" -f\trefer to shell functions\n" +" -p\tdisplay a list of all readonly variables or functions, depending on\n" +" whether or not the -f option is given\n" +" \n" +" An argument of `--' disables further option processing.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or NAME is invalid." +msgstr "" +"Marker skallvariabler som skrivebeskyttet.\n" +" \n" +" Marker hvert valgt NAVN som skrivebeskyttet. Verdier av NAVN kan ikke endres\n" +" av etterfølgende tildeling. Hvis VERDI er oppgitt, tildeles denne før\n" +" variabelen markeres som skrivebeskyttet.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -a\thenvis til indekserte rekkevariabler\n" +" -A\thenvis til assosiative rekkevariabler\n" +" -f\thenvis til skallfunksjoner\n" +" -p\tvis en liste over alle skrivebeskyttede variabler eller funksjoner,\n" +" avhengig av hvorvidt «-f» er valgt\n" +" \n" +" Bruk argumentet «--» for å slå av videre behandling av valg.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre brukeren bruker et ugyldig valg eller NAVN." + +#: builtins.c:1189 +msgid "" +"Shift positional parameters.\n" +" \n" +" Rename the positional parameters $N+1,$N+2 ... to $1,$2 ... If N is\n" +" not given, it is assumed to be 1.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless N is negative or greater than $#." +msgstr "" +"Flytt posisjonsparametre.\n" +" \n" +" Gi parametrene $N+1,$N+2 osv. nye navn som $1,$2 osv. Hvis N er\n" +" utelatt, brukes verdien 1.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre N er negativ eller større enn $#." + +#: builtins.c:1201 builtins.c:1216 +msgid "" +"Execute commands from a file in the current shell.\n" +" \n" +" Read and execute commands from FILENAME in the current shell. The\n" +" entries in $PATH are used to find the directory containing FILENAME.\n" +" If any ARGUMENTS are supplied, they become the positional parameters\n" +" when FILENAME is executed.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last command executed in FILENAME; fails if\n" +" FILENAME cannot be read." +msgstr "" +"Kjør kommandoer fra en fil i gjeldende skall.\n" +" \n" +" Les og kjør kommandoer fra valgt FILNAVN i gjeldende kall.\n" +" Elementene i $PATH brukes til å finne mappa med valgt FILNAVN.\n" +" Hvis ARGUMENTER brukes, bruke disse som posisjonsparametre\n" +" når valgt FILNAVN kjøres.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Samme som siste kommando som ble kjørt via FILNAVN, eller\n" +" mislykket hvis FILNAVN ikke kan leses." + +#: builtins.c:1232 +msgid "" +"Suspend shell execution.\n" +" \n" +" Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SIGCONT signal.\n" +" Unless forced, login shells cannot be suspended.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -f\tforce the suspend, even if the shell is a login shell\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless job control is not enabled or an error occurs." +msgstr "" +"Sett skallkjøring på pause.\n" +" \n" +" Sett kjøring av dette skallet på pause inntil det mottar et SIGCONT-signal.\n" +" Innloggingsskall kan ikke settes på pause med mindre du tvinger det fram.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -f\ttving skallpause, selv hvis skallet er et innloggingsskall\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre jobbkontroll er slått av eller det oppstår en feil." + +#: builtins.c:1248 +msgid "" +"Evaluate conditional expression.\n" +" \n" +" Exits with a status of 0 (true) or 1 (false) depending on\n" +" the evaluation of EXPR. Expressions may be unary or binary. Unary\n" +" expressions are often used to examine the status of a file. There\n" +" are string operators and numeric comparison operators as well.\n" +" \n" +" The behavior of test depends on the number of arguments. Read the\n" +" bash manual page for the complete specification.\n" +" \n" +" File operators:\n" +" \n" +" -a FILE True if file exists.\n" +" -b FILE True if file is block special.\n" +" -c FILE True if file is character special.\n" +" -d FILE True if file is a directory.\n" +" -e FILE True if file exists.\n" +" -f FILE True if file exists and is a regular file.\n" +" -g FILE True if file is set-group-id.\n" +" -h FILE True if file is a symbolic link.\n" +" -L FILE True if file is a symbolic link.\n" +" -k FILE True if file has its `sticky' bit set.\n" +" -p FILE True if file is a named pipe.\n" +" -r FILE True if file is readable by you.\n" +" -s FILE True if file exists and is not empty.\n" +" -S FILE True if file is a socket.\n" +" -t FD True if FD is opened on a terminal.\n" +" -u FILE True if the file is set-user-id.\n" +" -w FILE True if the file is writable by you.\n" +" -x FILE True if the file is executable by you.\n" +" -O FILE True if the file is effectively owned by you.\n" +" -G FILE True if the file is effectively owned by your group.\n" +" -N FILE True if the file has been modified since it was last read.\n" +" \n" +" FILE1 -nt FILE2 True if file1 is newer than file2 (according to\n" +" modification date).\n" +" \n" +" FILE1 -ot FILE2 True if file1 is older than file2.\n" +" \n" +" FILE1 -ef FILE2 True if file1 is a hard link to file2.\n" +" \n" +" String operators:\n" +" \n" +" -z STRING True if string is empty.\n" +" \n" +" -n STRING\n" +" STRING True if string is not empty.\n" +" \n" +" STRING1 = STRING2\n" +" True if the strings are equal.\n" +" STRING1 != STRING2\n" +" True if the strings are not equal.\n" +" STRING1 < STRING2\n" +" True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 lexicographically.\n" +" STRING1 > STRING2\n" +" True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically.\n" +" \n" +" Other operators:\n" +" \n" +" -o OPTION True if the shell option OPTION is enabled.\n" +" -v VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set\n" +" -R VAR\t True if the shell variable VAR is set and is a name reference.\n" +" ! EXPR True if expr is false.\n" +" EXPR1 -a EXPR2 True if both expr1 AND expr2 are true.\n" +" EXPR1 -o EXPR2 True if either expr1 OR expr2 is true.\n" +" \n" +" arg1 OP arg2 Arithmetic tests. OP is one of -eq, -ne,\n" +" -lt, -le, -gt, or -ge.\n" +" \n" +" Arithmetic binary operators return true if ARG1 is equal, not-equal,\n" +" less-than, less-than-or-equal, greater-than, or greater-than-or-equal\n" +" than ARG2.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success if EXPR evaluates to true; fails if EXPR evaluates to\n" +" false or an invalid argument is given." +msgstr "" +"Kontroller betinget uttrykk.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutter med status 0 (positiv, «true») eller 1 (negativ, «false»)\n" +" i henhold til resultatet av valgt UTTRykk. Uttrykk kan være unære eller binære.\n" +" Unære uttrykk brukes ofte for å undersøke status for en fil.\n" +" Streng- og tallkontroll-valg kan også brukes.\n" +" \n" +" Test endrer oppførsel i henhold til antall argumenter.\n" +" Se bash-bruksanvisninga for en fullstendig spesifikasjon.\n" +" \n" +" Filvalg:\n" +" \n" +" -a FIL Positiv hvis FIL finnes.\n" +" -b FIL Positiv hvis FIL er blokk-spesialfil.\n" +" -c FIL Positiv hvis FIL er tegn-spesialfil.\n" +" -d FIL Positiv hvis FIL er en mappe.\n" +" -e FIL Positiv hvis FIL finnes.\n" +" -f FIL Positiv hvis FIL finnes og er en vanlig fil.\n" +" -g FIL Positiv hvis FIL er «set-group-id».\n" +" -h FIL Positiv hvis FIL er en symbolsk lenke.\n" +" -L FIL Positiv hvis FIL er en symbolsk lenke.\n" +" -k FIL Positiv hvis FIL er «sticky».\n" +" -p FIL Positiv hvis FIL er et navngitt datarør.\n" +" -r FIL Positiv hvis FIL kan leses av deg.\n" +" -s FIL Positiv hvis FIL finnes og ikke er tom.\n" +" -S FIL Positiv hvis FIL er en sokkel.\n" +" -t FD Positiv hvis FD er åpen i en terminal.\n" +" -u FIL Positiv hvis FIL er «set-user-id».\n" +" -w FIL Positiv hvis FIL kan overskrives av deg.\n" +" -x FIL Positiv hvis FIL kan kjøres av deg.\n" +" -O FIL Positiv hvis FIL har deg som effektiv eier.\n" +" -G FIL Positiv hvis FIL har din gruppe som effektiv gruppetilhørighet.\n" +" -N FIL Positiv hvis FIL er blitt endret siden den ble lest sist.\n" +" \n" +" FIL1 -nt FIL2 Positiv hvis FIL1 er nyere enn FIL2 (i følge\n" +" endringsdato).\n" +" \n" +" FIL1 -ot FIL2 Positiv hvis FIL1 er eldre enn FIL2.\n" +" \n" +" FIL1 -ef FIL2 Positiv hvis FIL1 er en hard lenke til FIL2.\n" +" \n" +" Strengvalg:\n" +" \n" +" -z STRENG Positiv hvis STRENG er tom.\n" +" \n" +" -n STRENG\n" +" STRENG Positiv hvis STRENG ikke er tom.\n" +" \n" +" STRENG1 = STRENG2\n" +" Positiv hvis STRENGene er like.\n" +" STRENG1 != STRENG2\n" +" Positiv hvis STRENGene ikke er like.\n" +" STRENG1 < STRENG2\n" +" Positiv hvis STRENG1 havner over STRENG2 når de sorteres leksikografisk.\n" +" STRENG1 > STRENG2\n" +" Positiv hvis STRENG1 havner under STRENG2 når de sorteres leksikografisk.\n" +" \n" +" Andre valg:\n" +" \n" +" -o VALG Positiv hvis skallvalget OPTION er slått på.\n" +" -v VAR\t Positiv hvis skallvariabelen VAR har en verdi\n" +" -R VAR\t Positiv hvis skallvariabelen VAR har en verdi, og er en navnreferanse.\n" +" ! UTTR Positiv hvis UTTR er usant.\n" +" UTTR1 -a UTTR2 Positiv hvis både UTTR1 og UTTR2 er sanne.\n" +" UTTR1 -o UTTR2 Positiv hvis enten UTTR1 eller UTTR2 er sanne.\n" +" \n" +" arg1 OP arg2 Aritmetiske tester. OP må være enten «-eq», «-ne»,\n" +" «-lt», «-le», «-gt» eller «-ge».\n" +" \n" +" Aritmetiske binærvalg gir positiv verdi hvis ARG1 er lik, ulik, mindre enn,\n" +" lik-eller-mindre-enn, større enn eller større-enn-eller-lik ARG2.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket hvis UTTR gir positiv verdi, og mislykket hvis det gir negativ verdi eller\n" +" brukeren bruker et ugyldig argument." + +#: builtins.c:1329 +msgid "" +"Evaluate conditional expression.\n" +" \n" +" This is a synonym for the \"test\" builtin, but the last argument must\n" +" be a literal `]', to match the opening `['." +msgstr "" +"Kontroller betinget uttrykk.\n" +" \n" +" Dette er synonymt med den innebygde kommandoen «test», men\n" +" siste argument må være «]» for å samsvare med «[»." + +#: builtins.c:1338 +msgid "" +"Display process times.\n" +" \n" +" Prints the accumulated user and system times for the shell and all of its\n" +" child processes.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Always succeeds." +msgstr "" +"Vis prosesstider.\n" +" \n" +" Skriver ut oppsamlet bruker- og systemtid for skallet og alle underprosesser.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Alltid vellykket." + +#: builtins.c:1350 +msgid "" +"Trap signals and other events.\n" +" \n" +" Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives signals\n" +" or other conditions.\n" +" \n" +" ARG is a command to be read and executed when the shell receives the\n" +" signal(s) SIGNAL_SPEC. If ARG is absent (and a single SIGNAL_SPEC\n" +" is supplied) or `-', each specified signal is reset to its original\n" +" value. If ARG is the null string each SIGNAL_SPEC is ignored by the\n" +" shell and by the commands it invokes.\n" +" \n" +" If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. If\n" +" a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. If\n" +" a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or a\n" +" script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A SIGNAL_SPEC\n" +" of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause the\n" +" shell to exit when the -e option is enabled.\n" +" \n" +" If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands associated\n" +" with each signal.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -l\tprint a list of signal names and their corresponding numbers\n" +" -p\tdisplay the trap commands associated with each SIGNAL_SPEC\n" +" \n" +" Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in or a signal number.\n" +" Signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. A\n" +" signal may be sent to the shell with \"kill -signal $$\".\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is given." +msgstr "" +"Fang signaler og andre hendelser.\n" +" \n" +" Definerer og slår på brytere som skal kjøres når skallet mottar signaler\n" +" eller havner i andre tilstander.\n" +" \n" +" ARG er en kommando som skal leses og kjøres når skallet mottar signalet/-ene\n" +" i henhold til SIGNALSPES. Hvis ARG er enten utelatt eller «-»,\n" +" og én SIGNALSPES er brukt, tilbakestilles valgt(e) signal(er) til\n" +" opprinnelig verdi. Hvis ARG er null, ignoreres SIGNALSPES av skallet\n" +" og kommandoene det kjører.\n" +" \n" +" Hvis en SIGNALSPES er EXIT (0), kjøres ARG når skallet avslutter.\n" +" Hvis en SIGNALSPES er DEBUG, kjøres ARG før hver kommando.\n" +" Hvis en SIGNALSPES er RETURN, kjøres ARG hver gang en skallfunksjon, skript\n" +" eller innebygd kommando har kjørt ferdig. Hvis en SIGNALSPES\n" +" er ERR, kjøres ARG hver gang en feilkjørt kommando ville ført til at skallet\n" +" avsluttes når «-e» er valgt.\n" +" \n" +" Hvis ingen argumenter er brukt, skriver trap ut en liste over kommandoer\n" +" som er tilknyttet hvert signal.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -l\tskriv ut en liste over signalnavn og tilknyttede numre\n" +" -p\tvis trap-kommandoer som er tilknyttet hver SIGNALSPESifikasjon\n" +" \n" +" Hver SIGNALSPES er enten et signalnavn fra eller et signalnummer.\n" +" Signalnavn skiller mellom små og store bokstaver. Prefikset «SIG» er valgfritt.\n" +" Du kan sende et signal til skallet med «kill -signal $$».\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre en SIGNALSPES eller et valg er ugyldig." + +#: builtins.c:1386 +msgid "" +"Display information about command type.\n" +" \n" +" For each NAME, indicate how it would be interpreted if used as a\n" +" command name.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -a\tdisplay all locations containing an executable named NAME;\n" +" \tincludes aliases, builtins, and functions, if and only if\n" +" \tthe `-p' option is not also used\n" +" -f\tsuppress shell function lookup\n" +" -P\tforce a PATH search for each NAME, even if it is an alias,\n" +" \tbuiltin, or function, and returns the name of the disk file\n" +" \tthat would be executed\n" +" -p\treturns either the name of the disk file that would be executed,\n" +" \tor nothing if `type -t NAME' would not return `file'.\n" +" -t\toutput a single word which is one of `alias', `keyword',\n" +" \t`function', `builtin', `file' or `', if NAME is an alias, shell\n" +" \treserved word, shell function, shell builtin, disk file, or not\n" +" \tfound, respectively\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" NAME\tCommand name to be interpreted.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not found." +msgstr "" +"Vis informasjon om kommandotype.\n" +" \n" +" Vis hvordan hvert NAVN ville blitt tolket hvis det ble brukt som\n" +" et kommandonavn.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -a\tvis alle plasseringer som inneholder en kjørbar fil med oppgitt NAVN.\n" +" \tHer inngår alle alias, innebygde kommandoer og funksjoner, med mindre\n" +" \t«-p» er valgt i tillegg\n" +" -f\tikke slå opp skallfunksjoner\n" +" -P\ttving et søk i STI etter NAVN, selv hvis det er et alias,\n" +" \tinnebygd kommando eller en funksjon, og vis navn på fila\n" +" \tsom ville blitt kjørt\n" +" -p\tvis enten navn på fila som ville blitt kjørt, eller ingenting hvis\n" +" \t«type -t NAVN» ikke fører til «file».\n" +" -t\tbeskriv NAVN som enten «alias», «keyword» (nøkkelord),\n" +" \t«function» (funksjon), «builtin» (innebygd kommando), «file» (fil) eller \n" +" \t«'» (ikke funnet), if NAME is an alias, shell\n" +" \n" +" Argumenter:\n" +" NAVN\tKommandonavn som skal tolkes.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket hvis alle NAVN finnes, og mislykket hvis ett eller flere ikke finnes." + +#: builtins.c:1417 +msgid "" +"Modify shell resource limits.\n" +" \n" +" Provides control over the resources available to the shell and processes\n" +" it creates, on systems that allow such control.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -S\tuse the `soft' resource limit\n" +" -H\tuse the `hard' resource limit\n" +" -a\tall current limits are reported\n" +" -b\tthe socket buffer size\n" +" -c\tthe maximum size of core files created\n" +" -d\tthe maximum size of a process's data segment\n" +" -e\tthe maximum scheduling priority (`nice')\n" +" -f\tthe maximum size of files written by the shell and its children\n" +" -i\tthe maximum number of pending signals\n" +" -l\tthe maximum size a process may lock into memory\n" +" -m\tthe maximum resident set size\n" +" -n\tthe maximum number of open file descriptors\n" +" -p\tthe pipe buffer size\n" +" -q\tthe maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues\n" +" -r\tthe maximum real-time scheduling priority\n" +" -s\tthe maximum stack size\n" +" -t\tthe maximum amount of cpu time in seconds\n" +" -u\tthe maximum number of user processes\n" +" -v\tthe size of virtual memory\n" +" -x\tthe maximum number of file locks\n" +" -T the maximum number of threads\n" +" \n" +" Not all options are available on all platforms.\n" +" \n" +" If LIMIT is given, it is the new value of the specified resource; the\n" +" special LIMIT values `soft', `hard', and `unlimited' stand for the\n" +" current soft limit, the current hard limit, and no limit, respectively.\n" +" Otherwise, the current value of the specified resource is printed. If\n" +" no option is given, then -f is assumed.\n" +" \n" +" Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -t, which is in seconds,\n" +" -p, which is in increments of 512 bytes, and -u, which is an unscaled\n" +" number of processes.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs." +msgstr "" +"Endre grenser for skallressurser.\n" +" \n" +" Lar deg kontrollere mengden ressurser som skal være tilgjengelig for skall og\n" +" prosessene det lager på systemer som tillater det.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -S\tbruk myk («soft») ressursgrense\n" +" -H\tbruk «hard» ressursgrense\n" +" -a\tvis alle gjeldende grenser\n" +" -b\tstørrelse på sokkel-mellomlager\n" +" -c\tmaksimal størrelse på opprettede kjernefiler\n" +" -d\tmaksimal størrelse på datasegment av en prosess\n" +" -e\tmaksimal prioritet («nice»-verdi)\n" +" -f\tmaksimal størrelse på filer som skrives av skallet og underprosesser\n" +" -i\tmaksimalt antall ventende signaler\n" +" -l\tmaksimal minnemengde en prosess kan låse\n" +" -m\tmaksimal «resident set»-størrelse\n" +" -n\tmaksimalt antall åpne fildeskriptorer\n" +" -p\tstørrelse på mellomlager for datarør\n" +" -q\tmaksimalt antall byte i POSIX-meldingskøer\n" +" -r\tmaksimal sanntidsprioritet\n" +" -s\tmaksimal stabelstørrelse\n" +" -t\tmaksimal cpu-tid (i sekunder)\n" +" -u\tmaksimalt antall brukerprosesser\n" +" -v\tstørrelsen på virtuelt minne\n" +" -x\tmaksimalt antall fillåser\n" +" -T maksimalt antall tråder\n" +" \n" +" Det er ikke alle valg som støttes på alle plattformer.\n" +" \n" +" Hvis GRENSE er oppgitt, brukes denne som ny verdi for valgt ressurs.\n" +" Du kan også bruke spesialverdiene «soft» (myk), «hard», og «unlimited» (ubegrenset).\n" +" Ellers skriver programmet ut gjeldende verdi av valgt ressurs. Hvis ingenting\n" +" er valgt, brukes «-f».\n" +" \n" +" Verdier oppgis i 1024-byte-enheter, bortsett fra «-t» som oppgis i sekunder,\n" +" «-p» som oppgis i 512-byte-enheter og «-u» som er et uskalert antall prosesser.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre brukeren tar et ugyldig valg eller det oppstår en feil." + +#: builtins.c:1465 +msgid "" +"Display or set file mode mask.\n" +" \n" +" Sets the user file-creation mask to MODE. If MODE is omitted, prints\n" +" the current value of the mask.\n" +" \n" +" If MODE begins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number;\n" +" otherwise it is a symbolic mode string like that accepted by chmod(1).\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -p\tif MODE is omitted, output in a form that may be reused as input\n" +" -S\tmakes the output symbolic; otherwise an octal number is output\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless MODE is invalid or an invalid option is given." +msgstr "" +"Vis eller endre filmodus-maske.\n" +" \n" +" Endrer brukerens standardmaske for nye filer til valgt MODUS. Hvis ingen\n" +" MODUS er valgt, skrives gjeldende maskeverdi ut.\n" +" \n" +" Hvis MODUS begynner med et siffer, tolkes den som et oktalt tall,\n" +" og ellers som en symbolsk modusstreng av typen som brukes av chmod(1).\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -p\tskriv ut i et format som kan gjenbrukes som inndata hvis ingen MODUS er valgt\n" +" -S\tgjør utdata symbolsk (ikke skriv ut oktaltall)\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre MODUS er ugyldig eller brukeren tar et ugyldig valg." + +#: builtins.c:1485 +msgid "" +"Wait for job completion and return exit status.\n" +" \n" +" Waits for each process identified by an ID, which may be a process ID or a\n" +" job specification, and reports its termination status. If ID is not\n" +" given, waits for all currently active child processes, and the return\n" +" status is zero. If ID is a a job specification, waits for all processes\n" +" in that job's pipeline.\n" +" \n" +" If the -n option is supplied, waits for the next job to terminate and\n" +" returns its exit status.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last ID; fails if ID is invalid or an invalid\n" +" option is given." +msgstr "" +"Vent på fullføring av jobb, og skriv ut avslutningsstatus.\n" +" \n" +" Vent på valgt(e) prosess(er) (valgt med ID, som kan være prosess-ID eller\n" +" jobbspesifikasjon), og skriv ut statuskode. Hvis ID ikke er valgt,\n" +" venter programmet på alle aktive underprosesser, og avslutter\n" +" med kode null. Hvis ID er en jobbspesifikasjon, venter programmet på alle\n" +" prosesser i kommandokøen for valgt jobb.\n" +" \n" +" Hvis «-n» er valgt, skriver programmet ut avslutningsstatus for neste jobb.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Samme som siste ID, eller mislykket hvis enten en ID er ugyldig eller\n" +" brukeren tar et ugyldig valg." + +#: builtins.c:1506 +msgid "" +"Wait for process completion and return exit status.\n" +" \n" +" Waits for each process specified by a PID and reports its termination status.\n" +" If PID is not given, waits for all currently active child processes,\n" +" and the return status is zero. PID must be a process ID.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last PID; fails if PID is invalid or an invalid\n" +" option is given." +msgstr "" +"Vent på ferdigstillelse av prosess, og rapporter avslutningsstatus.\n" +" \n" +" Venter på hver prosess som er valgt med PID, og rapporterer avsluttende statuskode.\n" +" Hvis PID ikke er valgt, venter kommandoen på alle aktive underprosesser,\n" +" og avslutter med null-status. PID må være en prosess-ID.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Samme som siste PID. Mislykket hvis PID er ugyldig, eller hvis\n" +" brukeren tar et ugyldig valg." + +#: builtins.c:1521 +msgid "" +"Execute commands for each member in a list.\n" +" \n" +" The `for' loop executes a sequence of commands for each member in a\n" +" list of items. If `in WORDS ...;' is not present, then `in \"$@\"' is\n" +" assumed. For each element in WORDS, NAME is set to that element, and\n" +" the COMMANDS are executed.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last command executed." +msgstr "" +"Kjør kommandoer for hvert medlem i en liste.\n" +" \n" +" Løkka «for» kjører en rekke kommandoer per medlem i en liste\n" +" over elementer. Hvis «in ORD …;» ikke er angitt, brukes«in \"$@\"».\n" +" NAVN gis til hvert element i ORD, og KOMMANDOER kjøres.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Samme som sist kjørte kommando." + +#: builtins.c:1535 +msgid "" +"Arithmetic for loop.\n" +" \n" +" Equivalent to\n" +" \t(( EXP1 ))\n" +" \twhile (( EXP2 )); do\n" +" \t\tCOMMANDS\n" +" \t\t(( EXP3 ))\n" +" \tdone\n" +" EXP1, EXP2, and EXP3 are arithmetic expressions. If any expression is\n" +" omitted, it behaves as if it evaluates to 1.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last command executed." +msgstr "" +"Aritmetisk «for»-løkke.\n" +" \n" +" Tilsvarer\n" +" \t(( UTTR1 ))\n" +" \twhile (( UTTR2 )); do\n" +" \t\tKOMMANDOER\n" +" \t\t(( UTTR3 ))\n" +" \tdone\n" +" UTTR1, UTTR2 og UTTR3 er aritmetiske uttrykk. Hvis et uttrykk\n" +" utelates, oppfører programmet seg som om uttrykket er lik 1.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Samme som sist kjørte kommando." + +#: builtins.c:1553 +msgid "" +"Select words from a list and execute commands.\n" +" \n" +" The WORDS are expanded, generating a list of words. The\n" +" set of expanded words is printed on the standard error, each\n" +" preceded by a number. If `in WORDS' is not present, `in \"$@\"'\n" +" is assumed. The PS3 prompt is then displayed and a line read\n" +" from the standard input. If the line consists of the number\n" +" corresponding to one of the displayed words, then NAME is set\n" +" to that word. If the line is empty, WORDS and the prompt are\n" +" redisplayed. If EOF is read, the command completes. Any other\n" +" value read causes NAME to be set to null. The line read is saved\n" +" in the variable REPLY. COMMANDS are executed after each selection\n" +" until a break command is executed.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last command executed." +msgstr "" +"Velg ord fra en liste og kjør kommandoer.\n" +" \n" +" Utvid og lag en liste av valgt(e) ORD.\n" +" Utvidede ord skrive ut på standard feilkanal, anledet av et tall.\n" +" Hvis «in ORD» ikke er valgt, brukes «in \"$@\"». Deretter vises\n" +" PS3-ledetekst, og en linje leses fra standard inndata. Hvis linja\n" +" består av et tall som tilsvarer antall ord, endres NAVN slik at det\n" +" tilsvarer dette tallet. Hvis linja er tom, vises ORD og ledetekst på\n" +" nytt. Hvis programmet møter EOF, avslutter kommandoen. Andre\n" +" verdier fører til at NAVN endres til null. Lest linje lagres i variabelen\n" +" REPLY. KOMMANDOER kjøres etter hvert utvalg frem til programmet\n" +" støter på en bruddkommando.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Samme som sist kjørt kommando." + +#: builtins.c:1574 +msgid "" +"Report time consumed by pipeline's execution.\n" +" \n" +" Execute PIPELINE and print a summary of the real time, user CPU time,\n" +" and system CPU time spent executing PIPELINE when it terminates.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -p\tprint the timing summary in the portable Posix format\n" +" \n" +" The value of the TIMEFORMAT variable is used as the output format.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" The return status is the return status of PIPELINE." +msgstr "" +"Rapporter medgått tid i kommandokø-kjøring.\n" +" \n" +" Kjør valgt DATARØR og skriv ut en oppsummering av reell tid, bruker-CPU-tid\n" +" og system-CPU-tid som er medgått ved kjøring av DATARØR idet det avsluttes.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -p\tkjør tidsoppsummering i gjenbrukbart Posix-format.\n" +" \n" +" Verdien av variabelen «TIMEFORMAT» brukes som utdata-format.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Samme som statuskoden fra valgt DATARØR." + +#: builtins.c:1591 +msgid "" +"Execute commands based on pattern matching.\n" +" \n" +" Selectively execute COMMANDS based upon WORD matching PATTERN. The\n" +" `|' is used to separate multiple patterns.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last command executed." +msgstr "" +"Kjør kommandoer basert på mønster-søk.\n" +" \n" +" Kjør KOMMANDOER som samsvarer med ORD og MØNSTER.\n" +" Tegnet «|» brukes til å holde mønstre adskilt.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Samme som sist kjørte kommando." + +#: builtins.c:1603 +msgid "" +"Execute commands based on conditional.\n" +" \n" +" The `if COMMANDS' list is executed. If its exit status is zero, then the\n" +" `then COMMANDS' list is executed. Otherwise, each `elif COMMANDS' list is\n" +" executed in turn, and if its exit status is zero, the corresponding\n" +" `then COMMANDS' list is executed and the if command completes. Otherwise,\n" +" the `else COMMANDS' list is executed, if present. The exit status of the\n" +" entire construct is the exit status of the last command executed, or zero\n" +" if no condition tested true.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last command executed." +msgstr "" +"Kjør kommandoer på gitte betingelser.\n" +" \n" +" Kjør lista «if KOMMANDOER». Hvis avslutningsstatus er null, kjøres\n" +" «then KOMMANDOER». Ellers kjøres hver «elif KOMMANDOER»-liste\n" +" etter tur. Hvis status er null ved sistnevnte, kjøres tilhørende «then KOMMANDOER»\n" +" og if-kommandoen avslutter. Ellers kjøres evt. lista «else KOMMANDOER».\n" +" Avslutningsstatus for hele betingelsesuttrykket er statuskoden fra sist kjørt kommando,\n" +" eller null hvis ingen tilstand er sann.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Samme som sist kjørt kommando." + +#: builtins.c:1620 +msgid "" +"Execute commands as long as a test succeeds.\n" +" \n" +" Expand and execute COMMANDS as long as the final command in the\n" +" `while' COMMANDS has an exit status of zero.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last command executed." +msgstr "" +"Kjør kommandoer så lenge en test lykkes.\n" +" \n" +" Utvid og kjør KOMMANDOER så lenge siste kommando i\n" +" «while» avslutter med null-status.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Samme som sist kjørte kommando." + +#: builtins.c:1632 +msgid "" +"Execute commands as long as a test does not succeed.\n" +" \n" +" Expand and execute COMMANDS as long as the final command in the\n" +" `until' COMMANDS has an exit status which is not zero.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last command executed." +msgstr "" +"Kjør kommandoer så lenge en test mislykkes.\n" +" \n" +" Utvid og kjør KOMMANDOER så lenge siste kommando i\n" +" «until» avslutter med en annen statuskode enn null.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Samme som sist kjørte kommando." + +#: builtins.c:1644 +msgid "" +"Create a coprocess named NAME.\n" +" \n" +" Execute COMMAND asynchronously, with the standard output and standard\n" +" input of the command connected via a pipe to file descriptors assigned\n" +" to indices 0 and 1 of an array variable NAME in the executing shell.\n" +" The default NAME is \"COPROC\".\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the exit status of COMMAND." +msgstr "" +"Lag en medprosess med valgt NAVN.\n" +" \n" +" Kjør valgt KOMMANDO synkront, med standard inn- og utdata for kommandoen\n" +" som er tilkoblet via et datarør til fildeskriptorer med indeks 0 og 1 i en rekkevariabel \n" +" med oppgitt NAVN i kjørende skall.\n" +"\v StandardNAVN er «COPROC».\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Samme som valgt KOMMANDO." + +#: builtins.c:1658 +msgid "" +"Define shell function.\n" +" \n" +" Create a shell function named NAME. When invoked as a simple command,\n" +" NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is invoked,\n" +" the arguments are passed to the function as $1...$n, and the function's\n" +" name is in $FUNCNAME.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless NAME is readonly." +msgstr "" +"Definer en skallfunksjon.\n" +" \n" +" Lag en skallfunksjon med valgt NAVN. NAVN kjører KOMMANDOer i gjeldende skallkontekst\n" +" når det kjøres som en enkel kommando, og argumenter videresendes til funksjonen som\n" +" $1…$n. Funksjonens navn ligger i $FUNCNAME.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre valgt NAVN er skrivebeskyttet." + +#: builtins.c:1672 +msgid "" +"Group commands as a unit.\n" +" \n" +" Run a set of commands in a group. This is one way to redirect an\n" +" entire set of commands.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the last command executed." +msgstr "" +"Organiser kommandoer i grupper.\n" +" \n" +" Kjør en rekke kommandoer som en gruppe. Slik kan du videresende\n" +" et helt kommandosett.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Samme som sist kjørt kommando." + +#: builtins.c:1684 +msgid "" +"Resume job in foreground.\n" +" \n" +" Equivalent to the JOB_SPEC argument to the `fg' command. Resume a\n" +" stopped or background job. JOB_SPEC can specify either a job name\n" +" or a job number. Following JOB_SPEC with a `&' places the job in\n" +" the background, as if the job specification had been supplied as an\n" +" argument to `bg'.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns the status of the resumed job." +msgstr "" +"Gjenoppta jobb i forgrunnen.\n" +" \n" +" Tilsvarer argumentet «JOBBSPES» for kommandoen «fg». Gjenoppta\n" +" en jobb som venter eller kjører i bakgrunnen. «JOBBSPES» kan\n" +" enten være et jobbnavn eller -nummer. Bruk «&» etter JOBBSPES for å\n" +" legge jobben i bakgrunnen, som om jobbspesifikasjonen var et argument for «bg».\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Samme som statuskoden for gjenopptatt jobb." + +#: builtins.c:1699 +msgid "" +"Evaluate arithmetic expression.\n" +" \n" +" The EXPRESSION is evaluated according to the rules for arithmetic\n" +" evaluation. Equivalent to \"let EXPRESSION\".\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns 1 if EXPRESSION evaluates to 0; returns 0 otherwise." +msgstr "" +"Gå gjennom aritmetisk uttrykk.\n" +" \n" +" Valgt UTTRYKK prøves i henhold til regler for aritmetisk utregning.\n" +" Tilsvarer «let UTTRYKK».\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" 1 hvis UTTRYKK blir 0, og ellers 0." + +#: builtins.c:1711 +msgid "" +"Execute conditional command.\n" +" \n" +" Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the conditional\n" +" expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries used\n" +" by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following operators:\n" +" \n" +" ( EXPRESSION )\tReturns the value of EXPRESSION\n" +" ! EXPRESSION\t\tTrue if EXPRESSION is false; else false\n" +" EXPR1 && EXPR2\tTrue if both EXPR1 and EXPR2 are true; else false\n" +" EXPR1 || EXPR2\tTrue if either EXPR1 or EXPR2 is true; else false\n" +" \n" +" When the `==' and `!=' operators are used, the string to the right of\n" +" the operator is used as a pattern and pattern matching is performed.\n" +" When the `=~' operator is used, the string to the right of the operator\n" +" is matched as a regular expression.\n" +" \n" +" The && and || operators do not evaluate EXPR2 if EXPR1 is sufficient to\n" +" determine the expression's value.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" 0 or 1 depending on value of EXPRESSION." +msgstr "" +"Kjør betinget kommando.\n" +" \n" +" Gir statuskode 0 eller 1, avhengig av utfallet av betinget UTTRYKK.\n" +" Uttrykk bygges opp på samme måte som i den innebygde kommandoen «test»,\n" +" og kan kombineres som følger:\n" +" \n" +" ( UTTRYKK )\tViser verdien av UTTRYKK\n" +" ! UTTRYKK\t\tPositiv hvis UTTRYKK er usant, ellers negativ\n" +" UTTR1 && UTTR2\tPositiv hvis både UTTR1 og UTTR2 er sant, ellers negativ\n" +" UTTR1 || UTTR2\tPositiv hvis enten UTTR1 eller UTTR2 er sant, ellers negativ\n" +" \n" +" Ved bruk av «==» og «!=» brukes etterfølgende streng som\n" +" et mønster, og programmet utfører mønsterutlikning.\n" +" Ved bruk av «=~» utliknes etterfølgende streng som\n" +" et regulært uttrykk.\n" +" \n" +" Valgene «&&» og «||» kontrollerer ikke UTTR2 hvis UTTR1 allerede\n" +" har gitt svar på uttrykkets verdi.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" 0 eller 1, avhengig av UTTRYKKets verdi." + +#: builtins.c:1737 +msgid "" +"Common shell variable names and usage.\n" +" \n" +" BASH_VERSION\tVersion information for this Bash.\n" +" CDPATH\tA colon-separated list of directories to search\n" +" \t\tfor directories given as arguments to `cd'.\n" +" GLOBIGNORE\tA colon-separated list of patterns describing filenames to\n" +" \t\tbe ignored by pathname expansion.\n" +" HISTFILE\tThe name of the file where your command history is stored.\n" +" HISTFILESIZE\tThe maximum number of lines this file can contain.\n" +" HISTSIZE\tThe maximum number of history lines that a running\n" +" \t\tshell can access.\n" +" HOME\tThe complete pathname to your login directory.\n" +" HOSTNAME\tThe name of the current host.\n" +" HOSTTYPE\tThe type of CPU this version of Bash is running under.\n" +" IGNOREEOF\tControls the action of the shell on receipt of an EOF\n" +" \t\tcharacter as the sole input. If set, then the value\n" +" \t\tof it is the number of EOF characters that can be seen\n" +" \t\tin a row on an empty line before the shell will exit\n" +" \t\t(default 10). When unset, EOF signifies the end of input.\n" +" MACHTYPE\tA string describing the current system Bash is running on.\n" +" MAILCHECK\tHow often, in seconds, Bash checks for new mail.\n" +" MAILPATH\tA colon-separated list of filenames which Bash checks\n" +" \t\tfor new mail.\n" +" OSTYPE\tThe version of Unix this version of Bash is running on.\n" +" PATH\tA colon-separated list of directories to search when\n" +" \t\tlooking for commands.\n" +" PROMPT_COMMAND\tA command to be executed before the printing of each\n" +" \t\tprimary prompt.\n" +" PS1\t\tThe primary prompt string.\n" +" PS2\t\tThe secondary prompt string.\n" +" PWD\t\tThe full pathname of the current directory.\n" +" SHELLOPTS\tA colon-separated list of enabled shell options.\n" +" TERM\tThe name of the current terminal type.\n" +" TIMEFORMAT\tThe output format for timing statistics displayed by the\n" +" \t\t`time' reserved word.\n" +" auto_resume\tNon-null means a command word appearing on a line by\n" +" \t\titself is first looked for in the list of currently\n" +" \t\tstopped jobs. If found there, that job is foregrounded.\n" +" \t\tA value of `exact' means that the command word must\n" +" \t\texactly match a command in the list of stopped jobs. A\n" +" \t\tvalue of `substring' means that the command word must\n" +" \t\tmatch a substring of the job. Any other value means that\n" +" \t\tthe command must be a prefix of a stopped job.\n" +" histchars\tCharacters controlling history expansion and quick\n" +" \t\tsubstitution. The first character is the history\n" +" \t\tsubstitution character, usually `!'. The second is\n" +" \t\tthe `quick substitution' character, usually `^'. The\n" +" \t\tthird is the `history comment' character, usually `#'.\n" +" HISTIGNORE\tA colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which\n" +" \t\tcommands should be saved on the history list.\n" +msgstr "" +"Vanlige skallvariabel-navn og bruk.\n" +" \n" +" BASH_VERSION\tInformasjon om Bash-versjon.\n" +" CDPATH\tEn kolondelt liste over mapper som skal gjennomsøkes\n" +" \t\tfor mapper som er brukt som argumenter for «cd».\n" +" GLOBIGNORE\tEn kolondelt liste over mønstre som beskriver filnavn\n" +" \t\tsom skal ignoreres av stinavn-utvidelse.\n" +" HISTFILE\tNavn på fil hvor kommandohistorikk for gjeldende bruker er lagret.\n" +" HISTFILESIZE\tMaksimalt antall linjer denne fila kan inneholde.\n" +" HISTSIZE\tMaksimalt antall historikklinjer et kjørende skall har tilgang til.\n" +" HOME\tFullstendig sti til gjeldende brukers hjemmemappe.\n" +" HOSTNAME\tNavn på gjeldende vert.\n" +" HOSTTYPE\tType prosessor denne versjonen av Bash kjører på.\n" +" IGNOREEOF\tKontrollerer skallets handling ved mottak av\n" +" \t\tEOF-tegn som eneste inndata. Hvis denne har en verdi, er verdien\n" +" \t\tgjeldende antall EOF-tegn som kan dukke opp på rad på en tom linje\n" +" \t\tfør skallet avslutter (standard: 10). Hvis denne ikke har en verdi,\n" +" \t\ttolkes EOF som slutt på inndata.\n" +" MACHTYPE\tEn streng som beskriver systemet Bash kjører på nå.\n" +" MAILCHECK\tHvor ofte (i sekunder) Bash skal se etter ny e-post.\n" +" MAILPATH\tEn kolondelt liste over filnavn som Bash skal gjennomsøke\n" +" \t\tfor ny e-post.\n" +" OSTYPE\tVersjonen av Unix som denne versjonen av Bash kjører på.\n" +" PATH\tEn kolondelt liste over mapper som skal gjennomsøkes\n" +" \t\tved søk etter kommandoer.\n" +" PROMPT_COMMAND\tEn kommando som skal kjøres før utskrift av\n" +" \t\tprimær ledetekst.\n" +" PS1\t\tPrimær ledetekst-streng.\n" +" PS2\t\tSekundær ledetekst-streng.\n" +" PWD\t\tFullstendig sti til gjeldende mappe.\n" +" SHELLOPTS\tEn kolondelt liste over skallvalg som er i bruk.\n" +" TERM\tNavn på gjeldende terminaltype.\n" +" TIMEFORMAT\tUtdata-format for tidsstatistikk som vises av\n" +" \t\tdet reserverte ordet «time».\n" +" auto_resume\tEt kommandoord som dukker opp alene på en linje\n" +" \t\tblir kontrollert mot lista over ventende jobber. Hvis kommandoen finnes\n" +" \t\ti lista, flyttes den til forgrunnen.\n" +" \t\tVerdien «exact» betyr at kommandoen må være helt lik\n" +" \t\tet kommandonavn i lista over ventende jobber.\n" +" \t\t«substring» betyr at kommandoen må samsvare med en del\n" +" \t\tav navnet. Andre verdier betyr at kommandoen må\n" +" \t\tvære et prefiks av en ventende jobb.\n" +" histchars\tTegn som styrer historikkutvidelse og hurtig-subsidiering.\n" +" \t\tFørste tegn er historikk-subsidieringstegnet (vanligvis «!»),\n" +" \t\tdet andre er hurtig-subsidieringstegnet (vanligvis «^»), og\n" +" \t\tdet tredje er historikk-kommentar-tegnet (vanligvis «#»).\n" +" HISTIGNORE\tEn kolondelt liste over mønstre som bestemmer\n" +" \t\thvilke kommandoer som skal lagres i historikklista.\n" + +#: builtins.c:1794 +msgid "" +"Add directories to stack.\n" +" \n" +" Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates\n" +" the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working\n" +" directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -n\tSuppresses the normal change of directory when adding\n" +" \tdirectories to the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" +N\tRotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting\n" +" \tfrom the left of the list shown by `dirs', starting with\n" +" \tzero) is at the top.\n" +" \n" +" -N\tRotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting\n" +" \tfrom the right of the list shown by `dirs', starting with\n" +" \tzero) is at the top.\n" +" \n" +" dir\tAdds DIR to the directory stack at the top, making it the\n" +" \tnew current working directory.\n" +" \n" +" The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid argument is supplied or the directory\n" +" change fails." +msgstr "" +"Legg til mapper i stabel.\n" +" \n" +" Legg til en mappe i toppen av mappestabelen, eller roter\n" +" stabelen og gjør toppen av stabelen til gjeldende arbeidsmappe.\n" +" Hvis ingen argumenter er gitt, bytter de to øverste mappene plass..\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -n\tIkke bytt mappe når mapper legges til i stabelen\n" +" \t(bare endre stabelen).\n" +" \n" +" Argumenter:\n" +" +N\tRoter stabelen og legg N-te mappe (talt fra\n" +" \tnull til venstre, etter «dirs») i toppen.\n" +" \n" +" -N\tRoter stabelen og legg N-te mappe (talt fra\n" +" \tnull til høyre, etter «dirs») i toppen.\n" +" \n" +" dir\tLegg til MAP i toppen av mappestabelen, og ta den i bruk\n" +" \tsom arbeidsmappe.\n" +" \n" +" Bruk kommandoen «dirs» for å vise mappestabelen.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre et ugyldig argument er brukt eller\n" +" mappebytte mislykkes." + +#: builtins.c:1828 +msgid "" +"Remove directories from stack.\n" +" \n" +" Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments, removes\n" +" the top directory from the stack, and changes to the new top directory.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -n\tSuppresses the normal change of directory when removing\n" +" \tdirectories from the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" +N\tRemoves the Nth entry counting from the left of the list\n" +" \tshown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd +0'\n" +" \tremoves the first directory, `popd +1' the second.\n" +" \n" +" -N\tRemoves the Nth entry counting from the right of the list\n" +" \tshown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd -0'\n" +" \tremoves the last directory, `popd -1' the next to last.\n" +" \n" +" The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid argument is supplied or the directory\n" +" change fails." +msgstr "" +"Fjern mapper fra stabelen.\n" +" \n" +" Fjern oppføringer fra mappestabelen. Hvis ingen argumenter er gitt,\n" +" fjernes øverste mappe fra stabelen, og tar i bruk ny toppmappe som arbeidsmappe.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -n\tIkke bytt mappe når mapper fjernes fra stabelen\n" +" \t(bare endre stabelen).\n" +" \n" +" Argumenter:\n" +" +N\tFjern N-te mappe (talt fra null til venstre, etter «dirs»).\n" +" F.eks.: «popd +0» fjerner første mappe, og «popd +1» mappe nr. 2.\n" +" \n" +" -N\tFjern N-te mappe (talt fra null til høyre, etter «dirs»).\n" +" F.eks.: «popd -0» fjerner siste mappe, og «popd -1» nest siste mappe.\n" +" \n" +" Bruk kommandoen «dirs» for å vise mappestabelen.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre et ugyldig argument er brukt eller\n" +" mappebytte mislykkes." + +#: builtins.c:1858 +msgid "" +"Display directory stack.\n" +" \n" +" Display the list of currently remembered directories. Directories\n" +" find their way onto the list with the `pushd' command; you can get\n" +" back up through the list with the `popd' command.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -c\tclear the directory stack by deleting all of the elements\n" +" -l\tdo not print tilde-prefixed versions of directories relative\n" +" \tto your home directory\n" +" -p\tprint the directory stack with one entry per line\n" +" -v\tprint the directory stack with one entry per line prefixed\n" +" \twith its position in the stack\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" +N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by\n" +" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n" +" \n" +" -N\tDisplays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by\n" +" \tdirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs." +msgstr "" +"Vis mappestabel.\n" +" \n" +" Vis lista over hurtiglagrede mapper som er hurtiglagret med\n" +" kommandoen «pushd». Du kan gå opp igjen med kommandoen «popd». \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -c\ttøm mappestabel ved å slette alle elementer\n" +" -l\tikke skriv ut undermapper av brukerens hjemmemappe som\n" +" \trelative stier med tilde-prefiks\n" +" -p\tskriv ut mappestabel med én oppføring per linje\n" +" -v\ttilsvarer «-p», men med stabelposisjon som prefiks\n" +" \n" +" Argumenter:\n" +" +N\tVis N-te oppføring (talt fra null til venstre, etter «dirs»).\n" +" -N\tVis N-te oppføring (talt fra null til høyre, etter «dirs»).\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre brukeren tar et ugyldig valg eller det oppstår en feil." + +#: builtins.c:1887 +msgid "" +"Set and unset shell options.\n" +" \n" +" Change the setting of each shell option OPTNAME. Without any option\n" +" arguments, list all shell options with an indication of whether or not each\n" +" is set.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -o\trestrict OPTNAMEs to those defined for use with `set -o'\n" +" -p\tprint each shell option with an indication of its status\n" +" -q\tsuppress output\n" +" -s\tenable (set) each OPTNAME\n" +" -u\tdisable (unset) each OPTNAME\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success if OPTNAME is enabled; fails if an invalid option is\n" +" given or OPTNAME is disabled." +msgstr "" +"Juster og tilbakestill skallvalg.\n" +" \n" +" Endre innstilling for hvert VALGNAVN. Hvis ingen valg/argumenter er brukt,\n" +" skriv ut alle skallvalg og vis hvorvidt hvert av dem har en verdi.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -o\tbegrense VALGNAVN til det som er definert med «set -o»\n" +" -p\tskriv ut hvert skallvalg og vis status\n" +" -q\tikke skriv ut noe\n" +" -s\tslå på (gi verdi til) hvert VALGNAVN\n" +" -u\tslå av (tilbakestill) hvert VALGNAVN\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket hvis VALGNAVN er slått på, og mislykket hvis enten brukeren \n" +" tar et ugyldig valg eller VALGNAVN er slått av." + +#: builtins.c:1908 +msgid "" +"Formats and prints ARGUMENTS under control of the FORMAT.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -v var\tassign the output to shell variable VAR rather than\n" +" \t\tdisplay it on the standard output\n" +" \n" +" FORMAT is a character string which contains three types of objects: plain\n" +" characters, which are simply copied to standard output; character escape\n" +" sequences, which are converted and copied to the standard output; and\n" +" format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next successive\n" +" argument.\n" +" \n" +" In addition to the standard format specifications described in printf(1),\n" +" printf interprets:\n" +" \n" +" %b\texpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding argument\n" +" %q\tquote the argument in a way that can be reused as shell input\n" +" %(fmt)T output the date-time string resulting from using FMT as a format\n" +" string for strftime(3)\n" +" \n" +" The format is re-used as necessary to consume all of the arguments. If\n" +" there are fewer arguments than the format requires, extra format\n" +" specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as appropriate,\n" +" had been supplied.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a write or assignment\n" +" error occurs." +msgstr "" +"Formaterer og skriver ut ARGUMENTER på FORMATets premisser.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -v var\tlegg utdata i valgt VARiabel i stedet for å\n" +" \t\tvise den på standardutdata\n" +" \n" +" FORMAT er en tegnstreng som inneholder tre typer objekter:\n" +" - rene tegn (som kopieres til standardutdata),\n" +" - skiftetegn (som konverteres og kopieres til standardutdata), og\n" +" - formatspesifikasjoner (som skriver ut påfølgende argument).\n" +" \n" +" Printf tolker følgende standard-formatspes. i tillegg til de som står beskrevet i printf(1):\n" +" \n" +" %b\tutvid omvendt skråstrek-skiftesekvenser i gjeldende argument\n" +" %q\tgi argumentet anførselstegn slik at det kan brukes som skall-inndata\n" +" %(fmt)T skriv ut «date-time»-streng etter bruk av FMT som formatstreng\n" +" med strftime(3)\n" +" \n" +" Formatet gjenbrukes etter nødvendighet for å bruke opp alle argumentene.\n" +" Hvis det finnes færre argumenter enn formatet krever, oppfører overflødige\n" +" formatstrenger seg som om de var 0-verdier eller null-strenger.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre brukeren tar et ugyldig valg eller det oppstår en\n" +" skrive- eller tidelingsfeil." + +#: builtins.c:1942 +msgid "" +"Specify how arguments are to be completed by Readline.\n" +" \n" +" For each NAME, specify how arguments are to be completed. If no options\n" +" are supplied, existing completion specifications are printed in a way that\n" +" allows them to be reused as input.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -p\tprint existing completion specifications in a reusable format\n" +" -r\tremove a completion specification for each NAME, or, if no\n" +" \tNAMEs are supplied, all completion specifications\n" +" -D\tapply the completions and actions as the default for commands\n" +" \twithout any specific completion defined\n" +" -E\tapply the completions and actions to \"empty\" commands --\n" +" \tcompletion attempted on a blank line\n" +" \n" +" When completion is attempted, the actions are applied in the order the\n" +" uppercase-letter options are listed above. The -D option takes\n" +" precedence over -E.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs." +msgstr "" +"Velg hvordan argumenter skal fullføres av Readline.\n" +" \n" +" Velg hvordan argumenter skal fullføres per NAVN.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -p\tskriv ut gjeldende fullføringsoppsett i et gjenbrukbart format (standard)\n" +" -r\tfjern en fullføringsspesifikasjon per NAVN\n" +" \t(eller fra alle spesifikasjoner hvis ingen NAVN er valgt)\n" +" -D\tbruk fullføringer og handlinger som standard for kommandoer uten\n" +" \tspesifikke definisjoner av fullføring\n" +" -E\tbruk fullføringer og handlinger med «tomme» kommandoer\n" +" \n" +" Handlinger tas i bruk i samme rekkefølge som valgene med\n" +" store bokstaver ovenfor. Valget «-D» brukes fortrinnsvis\n" +" fremfor «-E».\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre brukeren tar et ugyldig valg eller det oppstår en feil." + +#: builtins.c:1970 +msgid "" +"Display possible completions depending on the options.\n" +" \n" +" Intended to be used from within a shell function generating possible\n" +" completions. If the optional WORD argument is supplied, matches against\n" +" WORD are generated.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs." +msgstr "" +"Vis mulige fullføringer basert på valgene.\n" +" \n" +" Dette er ment for å brukes i en skallfunksjon som genererer mulige\n" +" fullføringer. Hvis argumentet ORD brukes, genererer programmet\n" +" søketreff på ORD.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre brukeren tar et ugyldig valg eller det oppstår en feil." + +#: builtins.c:1985 +msgid "" +"Modify or display completion options.\n" +" \n" +" Modify the completion options for each NAME, or, if no NAMEs are supplied,\n" +" the completion currently being executed. If no OPTIONs are given, print\n" +" the completion options for each NAME or the current completion specification.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" \t-o option\tSet completion option OPTION for each NAME\n" +" \t-D\t\tChange options for the \"default\" command completion\n" +" \t-E\t\tChange options for the \"empty\" command completion\n" +" \n" +" Using `+o' instead of `-o' turns off the specified option.\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" \n" +" Each NAME refers to a command for which a completion specification must\n" +" have previously been defined using the `complete' builtin. If no NAMEs\n" +" are supplied, compopt must be called by a function currently generating\n" +" completions, and the options for that currently-executing completion\n" +" generator are modified.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or NAME does not\n" +" have a completion specification defined." +msgstr "" +"Endre eller vis fullføringsvalg.\n" +" \n" +" Endre fullføringsvalg per NAVN, eller kjørende fullføringsprosess hvis ingen\n" +" NAVN er valgt. Hvis ingen VALG er brukt, skriv enten ut fullføringsvalg per NAVN,\n" +" eller gjeldende fullføringsoppsett.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" \t-o option\tEndre fullføringsVALG per NAVN\n" +" \t-D\t\tEndre valg for kommandofullføringa «default»\n" +" \t-E\t\tEndre valg for kommandofullføringa «empty»\n" +" \n" +" Bruk «+o» i stedet for «-o» for å slå av valg.\n" +" \n" +" Argumenter:\n" +" \n" +" Hvert NAVN henviser til en kommando som må ha en fullføringsspesifikasjon\n" +" definert med den innebyde kommandoen «complete». Hvis ingen NAVN\n" +" er valgt, må compopt brukes av en funksjon som genererer fullføringer.\n" +" Valgene for den aktuelle fullføringsgeneratoren blir i så fall endret.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre brukeren tar et ugyldig valg eller NAVN\n" +" mangler fullføringsoppsett." + +#: builtins.c:2015 +msgid "" +"Read lines from the standard input into an indexed array variable.\n" +" \n" +" Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable ARRAY, or\n" +" from file descriptor FD if the -u option is supplied. The variable MAPFILE\n" +" is the default ARRAY.\n" +" \n" +" Options:\n" +" -n count\tCopy at most COUNT lines. If COUNT is 0, all lines are copied.\n" +" -O origin\tBegin assigning to ARRAY at index ORIGIN. The default index is 0.\n" +" -s count \tDiscard the first COUNT lines read.\n" +" -t\t\tRemove a trailing newline from each line read.\n" +" -u fd\t\tRead lines from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input.\n" +" -C callback\tEvaluate CALLBACK each time QUANTUM lines are read.\n" +" -c quantum\tSpecify the number of lines read between each call to CALLBACK.\n" +" \n" +" Arguments:\n" +" ARRAY\t\tArray variable name to use for file data.\n" +" \n" +" If -C is supplied without -c, the default quantum is 5000. When\n" +" CALLBACK is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next array\n" +" element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that element\n" +" as additional arguments.\n" +" \n" +" If not supplied with an explicit origin, mapfile will clear ARRAY before\n" +" assigning to it.\n" +" \n" +" Exit Status:\n" +" Returns success unless an invalid option is given or ARRAY is readonly or\n" +" not an indexed array." +msgstr "" +"Legg linjer fra standard inndata i en indeksert rekkevariabel.\n" +" \n" +" Legg linjer fra standard inndata i indeksert rekkevariabel REKKE, eller\n" +" fra fildeskriptor FD ved bruk av «-u». Variabelen MAPFILE er\n" +" standard REKKE.\n" +" \n" +" Valg:\n" +" -n antall\tIkke kopier flere enn valgt ANTALL linjer. Hvis ANTALL er 0, kopieres alle linjer.\n" +" -O oppr\tTildel til REKKE ved indeks-OPPRinnelse. Standard indeks er 0.\n" +" -s antall \tForkast valgt ANTALL linjer i starten.\n" +" -t\t\tFjern etterfølgende linjeskift fra hver lest linje.\n" +" -u fd\t\tLes linjer fra fildeskriptor FD i stedet for standard inndata.\n" +" -C tilbakekall\tVurder TILBAKEKALL hver gang valgt ANTALL linjer er lest.\n" +" -c antall\tVelg antall linjer som skal leses mellom hvert TILBAKEKALL.\n" +" \n" +" Argumenter:\n" +" ARRAY\t\tRekkevariabel-navn som skal brukes i fildata.\n" +" \n" +" Hvis «-C» er valgt men ikke «-c», brukes standardantallet 5000. Når\n" +" TILBAKEKALL vurderes, argumenteres det i tillegg med indeks av neste rekkeelement\n" +" samt linjenummeret som skal tildeles aktuelt element.\n" +" \n" +" Hvis ingen eksplisitt opprinnelse er gitt, tømmes REKKE før den får tildelt noe.\n" +" \n" +" Avslutningsstatus:\n" +" Vellykket, med mindre brukeren tar et ugyldig valg eller REKKE enten er\n" +" skrivebeskyttet eller en ikke-indeksert rekke." + +#: builtins.c:2049 +msgid "" +"Read lines from a file into an array variable.\n" +" \n" +" A synonym for `mapfile'." +msgstr "" +"Legg linjer fra en fil inn i en rekkevariabel.\n" +" \n" +" Dette er synonymt med «mapfile»." diff --git a/support/Makefile.in b/support/Makefile.in index 1ff3f1a91..95e4d2cd1 100644 --- a/support/Makefile.in +++ b/support/Makefile.in @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ # topdir = @top_srcdir@ srcdir = @srcdir@ -VPATH = .:@srcdir@ +VPATH = @srcdir@ BUILD_DIR = @BUILD_DIR@ RM = rm -f diff --git a/tests/RUN-ONE-TEST b/tests/RUN-ONE-TEST index 72ec06a2c..3efcf32d6 100755 --- a/tests/RUN-ONE-TEST +++ b/tests/RUN-ONE-TEST @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -BUILD_DIR=/usr/local/build/bash/bash-current +BUILD_DIR=/usr/local/build/chet/bash/bash-current THIS_SH=$BUILD_DIR/bash PATH=$PATH:$BUILD_DIR diff --git a/tests/comsub.tests b/tests/comsub.tests index 862fc264b..18d30df7a 100644 --- a/tests/comsub.tests +++ b/tests/comsub.tests @@ -41,5 +41,8 @@ bar'` echo $(recho 'foo\ bar') +# long-standing parse error in all versions up through bash-4.3 +echo ${foo:-$(echo a{b,c})} >/dev/null + ${THIS_SH} ./comsub1.sub ${THIS_SH} ./comsub2.sub diff --git a/tests/exec.right b/tests/exec.right index 74148daac..19c8583ef 100644 --- a/tests/exec.right +++ b/tests/exec.right @@ -60,4 +60,11 @@ expand_aliases on 0 0 0 +/usr/local/bin:/usr/GNU/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:. +cannot find cat in $TMPDIR +cannot find cat with empty $PATH +PATH = /usr/local/bin:/usr/GNU/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:. +cannot find cat in $TMPDIR with hash +cannot find cat with empty $PATH with hash +PATH = /usr/local/bin:/usr/GNU/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:. after diff --git a/tests/exec10.sub b/tests/exec10.sub new file mode 100644 index 000000000..af3ab0d92 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/exec10.sub @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +# post bash-4.3 changes to how command -p works (avoid modifying $PATH) + +: ${TMPDIR=/tmp} +xpath=/usr/local/bin:/usr/GNU/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:. + +# set a value of PATH we can test for; versions of bash up to and including +# bash-4.3 would set $PATH while running command -p +PATH=$xpath +export PATH +command -p sh -c 'echo $PATH' + +PATH=${TMPDIR} +command -pv cat >/dev/null || echo "cannot find cat using standard path" +command -p cat < /dev/null +#hash + +PATH=$xpath +command -pv cat >/dev/null || echo "cannot find cat using xpath" +PATH=$TMPDIR command -pv cat >/dev/null || echo "cannot find cat using standard path with PATH=\$TMPDIR" +PATH= command -pv cat >/dev/null || echo "cannot find cat using standard path with empty \$PATH" +PATH=$TMPDIR command -v cat >/dev/null || echo "cannot find cat in \$TMPDIR" +PATH= command -v cat >/dev/null || echo "cannot find cat with empty \$PATH" + +echo PATH = $PATH +hash cat + +PATH=$xpath + +PATH=$TMPDIR command -pv cat >/dev/null || echo "cannot find cat using stdpath with hash" +PATH= command -pv cat >/dev/null || echo "cannot find cat using stdpath with hash" +PATH=$TMPDIR command -v cat >/dev/null || echo "cannot find cat in \$TMPDIR with hash" +PATH= command -v cat >/dev/null || echo "cannot find cat with empty \$PATH with hash" + +echo PATH = $PATH diff --git a/tests/execscript b/tests/execscript index 5a4e90340..f886f2b0b 100644 --- a/tests/execscript +++ b/tests/execscript @@ -112,6 +112,8 @@ ${THIS_SH} -i ./exec8.sub ${THIS_SH} ./exec9.sub +${THIS_SH} ./exec10.sub + true | `echo true` & echo after diff --git a/tests/varenv.right b/tests/varenv.right index 62b3c1398..4b3d41a27 100644 --- a/tests/varenv.right +++ b/tests/varenv.right @@ -79,6 +79,9 @@ declare -rx tempvar2='qux' ./varenv7.sub: line 44: local: var: readonly variable inside: outside outside: outside +local: unset1 unset2 +abc +abc a=z a=b a=z diff --git a/tests/varenv7.sub b/tests/varenv7.sub index 4741d2380..45654da2f 100644 --- a/tests/varenv7.sub +++ b/tests/varenv7.sub @@ -48,3 +48,15 @@ func() func echo outside: $var +unset -f f +unset VAR1 VAR2 +export VAR1=abc VAR2=abc + +f() +{ + local VAR1; local VAR2 + echo local: ${VAR1-unset1} ${VAR2-unset2} + printenv VAR1 ; printenv VAR2 +} + +f