From: Dongliang Mu Date: Sat, 2 Mar 2024 14:00:50 +0000 (+0800) Subject: docs/zh_CN: Add dev-tools/ubsan Chinese translation X-Git-Tag: v6.10-rc1~226^2~31 X-Git-Url: http://git.ipfire.org/?a=commitdiff_plain;h=9e192b39a5992d8b730383d57416964b44ea1041;p=thirdparty%2Fkernel%2Flinux.git docs/zh_CN: Add dev-tools/ubsan Chinese translation Translate dev-tools/ubsan.rst into Chinese, add it into zh_CN/dev-tools/index.rst. Signed-off-by: Dongliang Mu Reviewed-by: Yanteng Si Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240302140058.1527765-1-dzm91@hust.edu.cn --- diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/dev-tools/index.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/dev-tools/index.rst index c2db3e566b1be..c4463f0750f09 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/dev-tools/index.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/dev-tools/index.rst @@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ Documentation/translations/zh_CN/dev-tools/testing-overview.rst sparse gcov kasan + ubsan gdb-kernel-debugging Todolist: - coccinelle - kcov - - ubsan - kmemleak - kcsan - kfence diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/dev-tools/ubsan.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/dev-tools/ubsan.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000..2487696b37728 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/dev-tools/ubsan.rst @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ +.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 + +.. include:: ../disclaimer-zh_CN.rst + +:Original: Documentation/dev-tools/ubsan.rst +:Translator: Dongliang Mu + +未定义行为消毒剂 - UBSAN +==================================== + +UBSAN是一种动态未定义行为检查工具。 + +UBSAN使用编译时插桩捕捉未定义行为。编译器在可能导致未定义行为的操作前插入特定 +检测代码。如果检查失败，即检测到未定义行为，__ubsan_handle_* 函数将被调用打印 +错误信息。 + +GCC自4.9.x [1_] （详见 ``-fsanitize=undefined`` 选项及其子选项）版本后引入这 +一特性。GCC 5.x 版本实现了更多检查器 [2_]。 + +报告样例 +-------------- + +:: + + ================================================================================ + UBSAN: Undefined behaviour in ../include/linux/bitops.h:110:33 + shift exponent 32 is to large for 32-bit type 'unsigned int' + CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 4.4.0-rc1+ #26 + 0000000000000000 ffffffff82403cc8 ffffffff815e6cd6 0000000000000001 + ffffffff82403cf8 ffffffff82403ce0 ffffffff8163a5ed 0000000000000020 + ffffffff82403d78 ffffffff8163ac2b ffffffff815f0001 0000000000000002 + Call Trace: + [] dump_stack+0x45/0x5f + [] ubsan_epilogue+0xd/0x40 + [] __ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds+0xeb/0x130 + [] ? radix_tree_gang_lookup_slot+0x51/0x150 + [] _mix_pool_bytes+0x1e6/0x480 + [] ? dmi_walk_early+0x48/0x5c + [] add_device_randomness+0x61/0x130 + [] ? dmi_save_one_device+0xaa/0xaa + [] dmi_walk_early+0x48/0x5c + [] dmi_scan_machine+0x278/0x4b4 + [] ? vprintk_default+0x1a/0x20 + [] ? early_idt_handler_array+0x120/0x120 + [] setup_arch+0x405/0xc2c + [] ? early_idt_handler_array+0x120/0x120 + [] start_kernel+0x83/0x49a + [] ? early_idt_handler_array+0x120/0x120 + [] x86_64_start_reservations+0x2a/0x2c + [] x86_64_start_kernel+0x16b/0x17a + ================================================================================ + +用法 +----- + +使用如下内核配置启用UBSAN:: + + CONFIG_UBSAN=y + +使用如下内核配置检查整个内核:: + + CONFIG_UBSAN_SANITIZE_ALL=y + +为了在特定文件或目录启动代码插桩，需要在相应的内核Makefile中添加一行类似内容: + +- 单文件（如main.o）:: + + UBSAN_SANITIZE_main.o := y + +- 一个目录中的所有文件:: + + UBSAN_SANITIZE := y + +即使设置了``CONFIG_UBSAN_SANITIZE_ALL=y``，为了避免文件被插桩，可使用:: + + UBSAN_SANITIZE_main.o := n + +与:: + + UBSAN_SANITIZE := n + +未对齐的内存访问检测可通过开启独立选项 - CONFIG_UBSAN_ALIGNMENT 检测。 +该选项在支持未对齐访问的架构上(CONFIG_HAVE_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS=y) +默认为关闭。该选项仍可通过内核配置启用，但它将产生大量的UBSAN报告。 + +参考文献 +---------- + +.. _1: https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.9.0/gcc/Debugging-Options.html +.. _2: https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Debugging-Options.html +.. _3: https://clang.llvm.org/docs/UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer.html