From: Zack Weinberg Date: Mon, 24 Jun 2024 00:59:35 +0000 (-0400) Subject: autoconf.texi: Move ‘Systemology’ to ‘Portable Shell Programming’ section. X-Git-Url: http://git.ipfire.org/?a=commitdiff_plain;h=e75caa5ff18f810c801365add311f65bd5e2b55d;p=thirdparty%2Fautoconf.git autoconf.texi: Move ‘Systemology’ to ‘Portable Shell Programming’ section. It’s not an ideal fit in this location, but it’s better here than where it was (jammed in the middle of ‘Writing Tests’). --- diff --git a/doc/autoconf.texi b/doc/autoconf.texi index 54d786f33..ad4641171 100644 --- a/doc/autoconf.texi +++ b/doc/autoconf.texi @@ -425,7 +425,6 @@ Writing Tests * Running the Compiler:: Detecting language or header features * Running the Linker:: Detecting library features * Runtime:: Testing for runtime features -* Systemology:: A zoology of operating systems * Multiple Cases:: Tests for several possible values Writing Test Programs @@ -507,6 +506,7 @@ Dependencies Between Macros Portable Shell Programming +* Systemology:: A zoology of operating systems * Shellology:: A zoology of shells * Invoking the Shell:: Invoking the shell as a command * Here-Documents:: Quirks and tricks @@ -9191,7 +9191,6 @@ software package, the best thing to do is encapsulate it in a new macro. * Running the Compiler:: Detecting language or header features * Running the Linker:: Detecting library features * Runtime:: Testing for runtime features -* Systemology:: A zoology of operating systems * Multiple Cases:: Tests for several possible values @end menu @@ -9977,75 +9976,6 @@ AC_RUN_IFELSE( @end example -@node Systemology -@section Systemology -@cindex Systemology - -This section aims at presenting some systems and pointers to -documentation. It may help you addressing particular problems reported -by users. - -@uref{https://@/en.wikipedia.org/@/wiki/@/POSIX, Posix-conforming -systems} are derived from the -@uref{https://@/en.wikipedia.org/@/wiki/@/Unix, Unix operating system}. - -The @uref{http://@/bhami.com/@/rosetta.html, Rosetta Stone for Unix} -contains a table correlating the features of various Posix-conforming -systems. @uref{https://@/www.levenez.com/@/unix/, Unix History} is a -simplified diagram of how many Unix systems were derived from each -other. - -@uref{http://@/heirloom.sourceforge.net/, The Heirloom Project} -provides some variants of traditional implementations of Unix utilities. - -@table @asis -@item Darwin -@cindex Darwin -@cindex macOS -@cindex Mac OS X -Darwin is a partially proprietary operating system maintained by Apple -Computer and used by most of their products. It is also known as macOS, -iOS, etc.@: depending on the exact variant. Older versions were called -``Mac OS X'', the X being intended as the Roman numeral for 10. - -It is derived from FreeBSD, but presents some unusual portability -hazards. Most importantly, by default the filesystem will be case -insensitive, albeit case preserving. This can cause nasty problems: -for instance, the installation attempt for a package having an -@file{INSTALL} file can result in @samp{make install} reporting that -nothing is to be done! - -Darwin does support case-sensitive file systems, but they must be -formatted specially as such, and Apple discourages use of a -case-sensitive volume for the base operating system. To build software -that expects case-sensitive filenames, it is best to create a separate -disk volume or disk image formatted as case sensitive; this can be done -using the @command{diskutil} command or the Disk Utility application. - -@item QNX 4.25 -@cindex QNX 4.25 -@c FIXME: Please, if you feel like writing something more precise, -@c it'd be great. In particular, I can't understand the difference with -@c QNX Neutrino. -QNX is a realtime operating system running on Intel architecture -meant to be scalable from the small embedded systems to the hundred -processor super-computer. It claims to be Posix certified. More -information is available on the -@uref{https://@/blackberry.qnx.com/@/en, QNX home page}. - -@item Unix version 7 -@cindex Unix version 7 -@cindex V7 -Officially this was called the ``Seventh Edition'' of ``the UNIX -time-sharing system'' but we use the more-common name ``Unix version 7''. -Documentation is available in the -@uref{https://@/s3.amazonaws.com/@/plan9-bell-labs/@/7thEdMan/@/index.html, -Unix Seventh Edition Manual}. -Previous versions of Unix are called ``Unix version 6'', etc., but -they were not as widely used. -@end table - - @node Multiple Cases @section Multiple Cases @@ -15542,6 +15472,7 @@ subset described above, is fairly portable nowadays. Also please see @uref{http://@/www.faqs.org/@/faqs/@/unix-faq/@/shell/, the Shell FAQs}. @menu +* Systemology:: A zoology of operating systems * Shellology:: A zoology of shells * Invoking the Shell:: Invoking the shell as a command * Here-Documents:: Quirks and tricks @@ -15559,6 +15490,76 @@ subset described above, is fairly portable nowadays. Also please see * Limitations of Usual Tools:: Portable use of portable tools @end menu + +@node Systemology +@section Systemology +@cindex Systemology + +This section aims at presenting some systems and pointers to +documentation. It may help you addressing particular problems reported +by users. + +@uref{https://@/en.wikipedia.org/@/wiki/@/POSIX, Posix-conforming +systems} are derived from the +@uref{https://@/en.wikipedia.org/@/wiki/@/Unix, Unix operating system}. + +The @uref{http://@/bhami.com/@/rosetta.html, Rosetta Stone for Unix} +contains a table correlating the features of various Posix-conforming +systems. @uref{https://@/www.levenez.com/@/unix/, Unix History} is a +simplified diagram of how many Unix systems were derived from each +other. + +@uref{http://@/heirloom.sourceforge.net/, The Heirloom Project} +provides some variants of traditional implementations of Unix utilities. + +@table @asis +@item Darwin +@cindex Darwin +@cindex macOS +@cindex Mac OS X +Darwin is a partially proprietary operating system maintained by Apple +Computer and used by most of their products. It is also known as macOS, +iOS, etc.@: depending on the exact variant. Older versions were called +``Mac OS X'', the X being intended as the Roman numeral for 10. + +It is derived from FreeBSD, but presents some unusual portability +hazards. Most importantly, by default the filesystem will be case +insensitive, albeit case preserving. This can cause nasty problems: +for instance, the installation attempt for a package having an +@file{INSTALL} file can result in @samp{make install} reporting that +nothing is to be done! + +Darwin does support case-sensitive file systems, but they must be +formatted specially as such, and Apple discourages use of a +case-sensitive volume for the base operating system. To build software +that expects case-sensitive filenames, it is best to create a separate +disk volume or disk image formatted as case sensitive; this can be done +using the @command{diskutil} command or the Disk Utility application. + +@item QNX 4.25 +@cindex QNX 4.25 +@c FIXME: Please, if you feel like writing something more precise, +@c it'd be great. In particular, I can't understand the difference with +@c QNX Neutrino. +QNX is a realtime operating system running on Intel architecture +meant to be scalable from the small embedded systems to the hundred +processor super-computer. It claims to be Posix certified. More +information is available on the +@uref{https://@/blackberry.qnx.com/@/en, QNX home page}. + +@item Unix version 7 +@cindex Unix version 7 +@cindex V7 +Officially this was called the ``Seventh Edition'' of ``the UNIX +time-sharing system'' but we use the more-common name ``Unix version 7''. +Documentation is available in the +@uref{https://@/s3.amazonaws.com/@/plan9-bell-labs/@/7thEdMan/@/index.html, +Unix Seventh Edition Manual}. +Previous versions of Unix are called ``Unix version 6'', etc., but +they were not as widely used. +@end table + + @node Shellology @section Shellology @cindex Shellology