dir-iterator: prevent top-level symlinks without FOLLOW_SYMLINKS

dir-iterator: prevent top-level symlinks without FOLLOW_SYMLINKS

When using the dir_iterator API, we first stat(2) the base path, and
then use that as a starting point to enumerate the directory's contents.

If the directory contains symbolic links, we will immediately die() upon
encountering them without the `FOLLOW_SYMLINKS` flag. The same is not
true when resolving the top-level directory, though.

As explained in a previous commit, this oversight in 6f054f9fb3
(builtin/clone.c: disallow `--local` clones with symlinks, 2022-07-28)
can be used as an attack vector to include arbitrary files on a victim's
filesystem from outside of the repository.

Prevent resolving top-level symlinks unless the FOLLOW_SYMLINKS flag is
given, which will cause clones of a repository with a symlink'd
"$GIT_DIR/objects" directory to fail.

Signed-off-by: Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>