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1 /*
2 * linux/include/linux/mtd/nand.h
3 *
4 * Copyright (c) 2000 David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
5 * Steven J. Hill <sjhill@realitydiluted.com>
6 * Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
7 *
8 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
10 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
11 *
12 * Info:
13 * Contains standard defines and IDs for NAND flash devices
14 *
15 * Changelog:
16 * See git changelog.
17 */
18 #ifndef __LINUX_MTD_NAND_H
19 #define __LINUX_MTD_NAND_H
20
21 /* XXX U-BOOT XXX */
22 #if 0
23 #include <linux/wait.h>
24 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
25 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
26 #endif
27
28 #include "config.h"
29
30 #include "linux/mtd/compat.h"
31 #include "linux/mtd/mtd.h"
32 #include "linux/mtd/bbm.h"
33
34
35 struct mtd_info;
36 struct nand_flash_dev;
37 /* Scan and identify a NAND device */
38 extern int nand_scan (struct mtd_info *mtd, int max_chips);
39 /* Separate phases of nand_scan(), allowing board driver to intervene
40 * and override command or ECC setup according to flash type */
41 extern int nand_scan_ident(struct mtd_info *mtd, int max_chips,
42 const struct nand_flash_dev *table);
43 extern int nand_scan_tail(struct mtd_info *mtd);
44
45 /* Free resources held by the NAND device */
46 extern void nand_release (struct mtd_info *mtd);
47
48 /* Internal helper for board drivers which need to override command function */
49 extern void nand_wait_ready(struct mtd_info *mtd);
50
51 /* This constant declares the max. oobsize / page, which
52 * is supported now. If you add a chip with bigger oobsize/page
53 * adjust this accordingly.
54 */
55 #define NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE 218
56 #define NAND_MAX_PAGESIZE 4096
57
58 /*
59 * Constants for hardware specific CLE/ALE/NCE function
60 *
61 * These are bits which can be or'ed to set/clear multiple
62 * bits in one go.
63 */
64 /* Select the chip by setting nCE to low */
65 #define NAND_NCE 0x01
66 /* Select the command latch by setting CLE to high */
67 #define NAND_CLE 0x02
68 /* Select the address latch by setting ALE to high */
69 #define NAND_ALE 0x04
70
71 #define NAND_CTRL_CLE (NAND_NCE | NAND_CLE)
72 #define NAND_CTRL_ALE (NAND_NCE | NAND_ALE)
73 #define NAND_CTRL_CHANGE 0x80
74
75 /*
76 * Standard NAND flash commands
77 */
78 #define NAND_CMD_READ0 0
79 #define NAND_CMD_READ1 1
80 #define NAND_CMD_RNDOUT 5
81 #define NAND_CMD_PAGEPROG 0x10
82 #define NAND_CMD_READOOB 0x50
83 #define NAND_CMD_ERASE1 0x60
84 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS 0x70
85 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_MULTI 0x71
86 #define NAND_CMD_SEQIN 0x80
87 #define NAND_CMD_RNDIN 0x85
88 #define NAND_CMD_READID 0x90
89 #define NAND_CMD_PARAM 0xec
90 #define NAND_CMD_ERASE2 0xd0
91 #define NAND_CMD_RESET 0xff
92
93 /* Extended commands for large page devices */
94 #define NAND_CMD_READSTART 0x30
95 #define NAND_CMD_RNDOUTSTART 0xE0
96 #define NAND_CMD_CACHEDPROG 0x15
97
98 /* Extended commands for AG-AND device */
99 /*
100 * Note: the command for NAND_CMD_DEPLETE1 is really 0x00 but
101 * there is no way to distinguish that from NAND_CMD_READ0
102 * until the remaining sequence of commands has been completed
103 * so add a high order bit and mask it off in the command.
104 */
105 #define NAND_CMD_DEPLETE1 0x100
106 #define NAND_CMD_DEPLETE2 0x38
107 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_MULTI 0x71
108 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR 0x72
109 /* multi-bank error status (banks 0-3) */
110 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR0 0x73
111 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR1 0x74
112 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR2 0x75
113 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR3 0x76
114 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_RESET 0x7f
115 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_CLEAR 0xff
116
117 #define NAND_CMD_NONE -1
118
119 /* Status bits */
120 #define NAND_STATUS_FAIL 0x01
121 #define NAND_STATUS_FAIL_N1 0x02
122 #define NAND_STATUS_TRUE_READY 0x20
123 #define NAND_STATUS_READY 0x40
124 #define NAND_STATUS_WP 0x80
125
126 /*
127 * Constants for ECC_MODES
128 */
129 typedef enum {
130 NAND_ECC_NONE,
131 NAND_ECC_SOFT,
132 NAND_ECC_HW,
133 NAND_ECC_HW_SYNDROME,
134 NAND_ECC_HW_OOB_FIRST,
135 } nand_ecc_modes_t;
136
137 /*
138 * Constants for Hardware ECC
139 */
140 /* Reset Hardware ECC for read */
141 #define NAND_ECC_READ 0
142 /* Reset Hardware ECC for write */
143 #define NAND_ECC_WRITE 1
144 /* Enable Hardware ECC before syndrom is read back from flash */
145 #define NAND_ECC_READSYN 2
146
147 /* Bit mask for flags passed to do_nand_read_ecc */
148 #define NAND_GET_DEVICE 0x80
149
150
151 /* Option constants for bizarre disfunctionality and real
152 * features
153 */
154 /* Chip can not auto increment pages */
155 #define NAND_NO_AUTOINCR 0x00000001
156 /* Buswitdh is 16 bit */
157 #define NAND_BUSWIDTH_16 0x00000002
158 /* Device supports partial programming without padding */
159 #define NAND_NO_PADDING 0x00000004
160 /* Chip has cache program function */
161 #define NAND_CACHEPRG 0x00000008
162 /* Chip has copy back function */
163 #define NAND_COPYBACK 0x00000010
164 /* AND Chip which has 4 banks and a confusing page / block
165 * assignment. See Renesas datasheet for further information */
166 #define NAND_IS_AND 0x00000020
167 /* Chip has a array of 4 pages which can be read without
168 * additional ready /busy waits */
169 #define NAND_4PAGE_ARRAY 0x00000040
170 /* Chip requires that BBT is periodically rewritten to prevent
171 * bits from adjacent blocks from 'leaking' in altering data.
172 * This happens with the Renesas AG-AND chips, possibly others. */
173 #define BBT_AUTO_REFRESH 0x00000080
174 /* Chip does not require ready check on read. True
175 * for all large page devices, as they do not support
176 * autoincrement.*/
177 #define NAND_NO_READRDY 0x00000100
178 /* Chip does not allow subpage writes */
179 #define NAND_NO_SUBPAGE_WRITE 0x00000200
180
181
182 /* Options valid for Samsung large page devices */
183 #define NAND_SAMSUNG_LP_OPTIONS \
184 (NAND_NO_PADDING | NAND_CACHEPRG | NAND_COPYBACK)
185
186 /* Macros to identify the above */
187 #define NAND_CANAUTOINCR(chip) (!(chip->options & NAND_NO_AUTOINCR))
188 #define NAND_MUST_PAD(chip) (!(chip->options & NAND_NO_PADDING))
189 #define NAND_HAS_CACHEPROG(chip) ((chip->options & NAND_CACHEPRG))
190 #define NAND_HAS_COPYBACK(chip) ((chip->options & NAND_COPYBACK))
191 /* Large page NAND with SOFT_ECC should support subpage reads */
192 #define NAND_SUBPAGE_READ(chip) ((chip->ecc.mode == NAND_ECC_SOFT) \
193 && (chip->page_shift > 9))
194
195 /* Mask to zero out the chip options, which come from the id table */
196 #define NAND_CHIPOPTIONS_MSK (0x0000ffff & ~NAND_NO_AUTOINCR)
197
198 /* Non chip related options */
199 /* Use a flash based bad block table. This option is passed to the
200 * default bad block table function. */
201 #define NAND_USE_FLASH_BBT 0x00010000
202 /* This option skips the bbt scan during initialization. */
203 #define NAND_SKIP_BBTSCAN 0x00020000
204 /* This option is defined if the board driver allocates its own buffers
205 (e.g. because it needs them DMA-coherent */
206 #define NAND_OWN_BUFFERS 0x00040000
207 /* Options set by nand scan */
208 /* bbt has already been read */
209 #define NAND_BBT_SCANNED 0x40000000
210 /* Nand scan has allocated controller struct */
211 #define NAND_CONTROLLER_ALLOC 0x80000000
212
213 /* Cell info constants */
214 #define NAND_CI_CHIPNR_MSK 0x03
215 #define NAND_CI_CELLTYPE_MSK 0x0C
216
217 /* Keep gcc happy */
218 struct nand_chip;
219
220 /**
221 * struct nand_hw_control - Control structure for hardware controller (e.g ECC generator) shared among independent devices
222 * @lock: protection lock
223 * @active: the mtd device which holds the controller currently
224 * @wq: wait queue to sleep on if a NAND operation is in progress
225 * used instead of the per chip wait queue when a hw controller is available
226 */
227 struct nand_hw_control {
228 /* XXX U-BOOT XXX */
229 #if 0
230 spinlock_t lock;
231 wait_queue_head_t wq;
232 #endif
233 struct nand_chip *active;
234 };
235
236 /**
237 * struct nand_ecc_ctrl - Control structure for ecc
238 * @mode: ecc mode
239 * @steps: number of ecc steps per page
240 * @size: data bytes per ecc step
241 * @bytes: ecc bytes per step
242 * @total: total number of ecc bytes per page
243 * @prepad: padding information for syndrome based ecc generators
244 * @postpad: padding information for syndrome based ecc generators
245 * @layout: ECC layout control struct pointer
246 * @hwctl: function to control hardware ecc generator. Must only
247 * be provided if an hardware ECC is available
248 * @calculate: function for ecc calculation or readback from ecc hardware
249 * @correct: function for ecc correction, matching to ecc generator (sw/hw)
250 * @read_page_raw: function to read a raw page without ECC
251 * @write_page_raw: function to write a raw page without ECC
252 * @read_page: function to read a page according to the ecc generator requirements
253 * @write_page: function to write a page according to the ecc generator requirements
254 * @read_oob: function to read chip OOB data
255 * @write_oob: function to write chip OOB data
256 */
257 struct nand_ecc_ctrl {
258 nand_ecc_modes_t mode;
259 int steps;
260 int size;
261 int bytes;
262 int total;
263 int prepad;
264 int postpad;
265 struct nand_ecclayout *layout;
266 void (*hwctl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int mode);
267 int (*calculate)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
268 const uint8_t *dat,
269 uint8_t *ecc_code);
270 int (*correct)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *dat,
271 uint8_t *read_ecc,
272 uint8_t *calc_ecc);
273 int (*read_page_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
274 struct nand_chip *chip,
275 uint8_t *buf, int page);
276 void (*write_page_raw)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
277 struct nand_chip *chip,
278 const uint8_t *buf);
279 int (*read_page)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
280 struct nand_chip *chip,
281 uint8_t *buf, int page);
282 int (*read_subpage)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
283 struct nand_chip *chip,
284 uint32_t offs, uint32_t len,
285 uint8_t *buf);
286 void (*write_page)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
287 struct nand_chip *chip,
288 const uint8_t *buf);
289 int (*read_oob)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
290 struct nand_chip *chip,
291 int page,
292 int sndcmd);
293 int (*write_oob)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
294 struct nand_chip *chip,
295 int page);
296 };
297
298 /**
299 * struct nand_buffers - buffer structure for read/write
300 * @ecccalc: buffer for calculated ecc
301 * @ecccode: buffer for ecc read from flash
302 * @databuf: buffer for data - dynamically sized
303 *
304 * Do not change the order of buffers. databuf and oobrbuf must be in
305 * consecutive order.
306 */
307 struct nand_buffers {
308 uint8_t ecccalc[NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE];
309 uint8_t ecccode[NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE];
310 uint8_t databuf[NAND_MAX_PAGESIZE + NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE];
311 };
312
313 /**
314 * struct nand_chip - NAND Private Flash Chip Data
315 * @IO_ADDR_R: [BOARDSPECIFIC] address to read the 8 I/O lines of the flash device
316 * @IO_ADDR_W: [BOARDSPECIFIC] address to write the 8 I/O lines of the flash device
317 * @read_byte: [REPLACEABLE] read one byte from the chip
318 * @read_word: [REPLACEABLE] read one word from the chip
319 * @write_buf: [REPLACEABLE] write data from the buffer to the chip
320 * @read_buf: [REPLACEABLE] read data from the chip into the buffer
321 * @verify_buf: [REPLACEABLE] verify buffer contents against the chip data
322 * @select_chip: [REPLACEABLE] select chip nr
323 * @block_bad: [REPLACEABLE] check, if the block is bad
324 * @block_markbad: [REPLACEABLE] mark the block bad
325 * @cmd_ctrl: [BOARDSPECIFIC] hardwarespecific funtion for controlling
326 * ALE/CLE/nCE. Also used to write command and address
327 * @dev_ready: [BOARDSPECIFIC] hardwarespecific function for accesing device ready/busy line
328 * If set to NULL no access to ready/busy is available and the ready/busy information
329 * is read from the chip status register
330 * @cmdfunc: [REPLACEABLE] hardwarespecific function for writing commands to the chip
331 * @waitfunc: [REPLACEABLE] hardwarespecific function for wait on ready
332 * @ecc: [BOARDSPECIFIC] ecc control ctructure
333 * @buffers: buffer structure for read/write
334 * @hwcontrol: platform-specific hardware control structure
335 * @ops: oob operation operands
336 * @erase_cmd: [INTERN] erase command write function, selectable due to AND support
337 * @scan_bbt: [REPLACEABLE] function to scan bad block table
338 * @chip_delay: [BOARDSPECIFIC] chip dependent delay for transfering data from array to read regs (tR)
339 * @wq: [INTERN] wait queue to sleep on if a NAND operation is in progress
340 * @state: [INTERN] the current state of the NAND device
341 * @oob_poi: poison value buffer
342 * @page_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a page (column address bits)
343 * @phys_erase_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a physical eraseblock
344 * @bbt_erase_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a bbt entry
345 * @chip_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in one chip
346 * @datbuf: [INTERN] internal buffer for one page + oob
347 * @oobbuf: [INTERN] oob buffer for one eraseblock
348 * @oobdirty: [INTERN] indicates that oob_buf must be reinitialized
349 * @data_poi: [INTERN] pointer to a data buffer
350 * @options: [BOARDSPECIFIC] various chip options. They can partly be set to inform nand_scan about
351 * special functionality. See the defines for further explanation
352 * @badblockpos: [INTERN] position of the bad block marker in the oob area
353 * @cellinfo: [INTERN] MLC/multichip data from chip ident
354 * @numchips: [INTERN] number of physical chips
355 * @chipsize: [INTERN] the size of one chip for multichip arrays
356 * @pagemask: [INTERN] page number mask = number of (pages / chip) - 1
357 * @pagebuf: [INTERN] holds the pagenumber which is currently in data_buf
358 * @subpagesize: [INTERN] holds the subpagesize
359 * @ecclayout: [REPLACEABLE] the default ecc placement scheme
360 * @bbt: [INTERN] bad block table pointer
361 * @bbt_td: [REPLACEABLE] bad block table descriptor for flash lookup
362 * @bbt_md: [REPLACEABLE] bad block table mirror descriptor
363 * @badblock_pattern: [REPLACEABLE] bad block scan pattern used for initial bad block scan
364 * @controller: [REPLACEABLE] a pointer to a hardware controller structure
365 * which is shared among multiple independend devices
366 * @priv: [OPTIONAL] pointer to private chip date
367 * @errstat: [OPTIONAL] hardware specific function to perform additional error status checks
368 * (determine if errors are correctable)
369 * @write_page: [REPLACEABLE] High-level page write function
370 */
371
372 struct nand_chip {
373 void __iomem *IO_ADDR_R;
374 void __iomem *IO_ADDR_W;
375
376 uint8_t (*read_byte)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
377 u16 (*read_word)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
378 void (*write_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *buf, int len);
379 void (*read_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int len);
380 int (*verify_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *buf, int len);
381 void (*select_chip)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int chip);
382 int (*block_bad)(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, int getchip);
383 int (*block_markbad)(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs);
384 void (*cmd_ctrl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int dat,
385 unsigned int ctrl);
386 int (*dev_ready)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
387 void (*cmdfunc)(struct mtd_info *mtd, unsigned command, int column, int page_addr);
388 int (*waitfunc)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *this);
389 void (*erase_cmd)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int page);
390 int (*scan_bbt)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
391 int (*errstat)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *this, int state, int status, int page);
392 int (*write_page)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
393 const uint8_t *buf, int page, int cached, int raw);
394
395 int chip_delay;
396 unsigned int options;
397
398 int page_shift;
399 int phys_erase_shift;
400 int bbt_erase_shift;
401 int chip_shift;
402 int numchips;
403 uint64_t chipsize;
404 int pagemask;
405 int pagebuf;
406 int subpagesize;
407 uint8_t cellinfo;
408 int badblockpos;
409
410 int state;
411
412 uint8_t *oob_poi;
413 struct nand_hw_control *controller;
414 struct nand_ecclayout *ecclayout;
415
416 struct nand_ecc_ctrl ecc;
417 struct nand_buffers *buffers;
418
419 struct nand_hw_control hwcontrol;
420
421 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
422
423 uint8_t *bbt;
424 struct nand_bbt_descr *bbt_td;
425 struct nand_bbt_descr *bbt_md;
426
427 struct nand_bbt_descr *badblock_pattern;
428
429 void *priv;
430 };
431
432 /*
433 * NAND Flash Manufacturer ID Codes
434 */
435 #define NAND_MFR_TOSHIBA 0x98
436 #define NAND_MFR_SAMSUNG 0xec
437 #define NAND_MFR_FUJITSU 0x04
438 #define NAND_MFR_NATIONAL 0x8f
439 #define NAND_MFR_RENESAS 0x07
440 #define NAND_MFR_STMICRO 0x20
441 #define NAND_MFR_HYNIX 0xad
442 #define NAND_MFR_MICRON 0x2c
443 #define NAND_MFR_AMD 0x01
444
445 /**
446 * struct nand_flash_dev - NAND Flash Device ID Structure
447 * @name: Identify the device type
448 * @id: device ID code
449 * @pagesize: Pagesize in bytes. Either 256 or 512 or 0
450 * If the pagesize is 0, then the real pagesize
451 * and the eraseize are determined from the
452 * extended id bytes in the chip
453 * @erasesize: Size of an erase block in the flash device.
454 * @chipsize: Total chipsize in Mega Bytes
455 * @options: Bitfield to store chip relevant options
456 */
457 struct nand_flash_dev {
458 char *name;
459 int id;
460 unsigned long pagesize;
461 unsigned long chipsize;
462 unsigned long erasesize;
463 unsigned long options;
464 };
465
466 /**
467 * struct nand_manufacturers - NAND Flash Manufacturer ID Structure
468 * @name: Manufacturer name
469 * @id: manufacturer ID code of device.
470 */
471 struct nand_manufacturers {
472 int id;
473 char * name;
474 };
475
476 extern const struct nand_flash_dev nand_flash_ids[];
477 extern const struct nand_manufacturers nand_manuf_ids[];
478
479 extern int nand_scan_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd);
480 extern int nand_update_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs);
481 extern int nand_default_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd);
482 extern int nand_isbad_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs, int allowbbt);
483 extern int nand_erase_nand(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct erase_info *instr,
484 int allowbbt);
485 extern int nand_do_read(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len,
486 size_t * retlen, uint8_t * buf);
487
488 /*
489 * Constants for oob configuration
490 */
491 #define NAND_SMALL_BADBLOCK_POS 5
492 #define NAND_LARGE_BADBLOCK_POS 0
493
494 /**
495 * struct platform_nand_chip - chip level device structure
496 * @nr_chips: max. number of chips to scan for
497 * @chip_offset: chip number offset
498 * @nr_partitions: number of partitions pointed to by partitions (or zero)
499 * @partitions: mtd partition list
500 * @chip_delay: R/B delay value in us
501 * @options: Option flags, e.g. 16bit buswidth
502 * @ecclayout: ecc layout info structure
503 * @part_probe_types: NULL-terminated array of probe types
504 * @priv: hardware controller specific settings
505 */
506 struct platform_nand_chip {
507 int nr_chips;
508 int chip_offset;
509 int nr_partitions;
510 struct mtd_partition *partitions;
511 struct nand_ecclayout *ecclayout;
512 int chip_delay;
513 unsigned int options;
514 const char **part_probe_types;
515 void *priv;
516 };
517
518 /**
519 * struct platform_nand_ctrl - controller level device structure
520 * @hwcontrol: platform specific hardware control structure
521 * @dev_ready: platform specific function to read ready/busy pin
522 * @select_chip: platform specific chip select function
523 * @cmd_ctrl: platform specific function for controlling
524 * ALE/CLE/nCE. Also used to write command and address
525 * @priv: private data to transport driver specific settings
526 *
527 * All fields are optional and depend on the hardware driver requirements
528 */
529 struct platform_nand_ctrl {
530 void (*hwcontrol)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int cmd);
531 int (*dev_ready)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
532 void (*select_chip)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int chip);
533 void (*cmd_ctrl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int dat,
534 unsigned int ctrl);
535 void *priv;
536 };
537
538 /**
539 * struct platform_nand_data - container structure for platform-specific data
540 * @chip: chip level chip structure
541 * @ctrl: controller level device structure
542 */
543 struct platform_nand_data {
544 struct platform_nand_chip chip;
545 struct platform_nand_ctrl ctrl;
546 };
547
548 /* Some helpers to access the data structures */
549 static inline
550 struct platform_nand_chip *get_platform_nandchip(struct mtd_info *mtd)
551 {
552 struct nand_chip *chip = mtd->priv;
553
554 return chip->priv;
555 }
556
557 #endif /* __LINUX_MTD_NAND_H */