[thirdparty/cups.git] / doc / sum.shtml

<HTML>
<HEAD>
	<META NAME="Description" CONTENT="Common UNIX Printing System Software Users Manual">
	<META NAME="COPYRIGHT" CONTENT="Copyright 1997-2003, All Rights Reserved">
	<META NAME="DOCNUMBER" CONTENT="CUPS-SUM-1.2.0">
	<META NAME="Author" CONTENT="Easy Software Products">
	<TITLE>CUPS Software Users Manual</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>

<H1 ALIGN="RIGHT">Preface</H1>

<P>This software users manual describes how to use the Common UNIX Printing
System<SUP>TM</SUP> ("CUPS<SUP>TM</SUP>") Version 1.2.0.

<EMBED SRC="system-overview.shtml">

<!-- NEED 2in -->
<H2>Document Overview</H2>

<P>This software users manual is organized into the following sections:</P>

<UL>
	<LI><A HREF="#OVERVIEW">1 - Printing System Overview</A>
	<LI><A HREF="#USING_SYSTEM">2 - Using the Printing System</A>
	<LI><A HREF="#STANDARD_OPTIONS">3 - Standard Printer Options</A>
	<LI><A HREF="#SAVING_OPTIONS">4 - Saving Printer Options and Defaults</A>
	<LI><A HREF="#LICENSE">A - Software License Agreement</A>
</UL>

<H2>Notation Conventions</H2>

<P>Various font and syntax conventions are used in this guide. Examples and
their meanings and uses are explained below:

<CENTER><TABLE WIDTH="80%">
<TR>
	<TH>Example</TH>
	<TD>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
	<TH>Description</TH>
</TR>
<TR><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN="TOP">
	<TD><CODE>lpstat</CODE><BR>
	<CODE>lpstat(1)</CODE></TD>

	<TD>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>

	<TD>The names of commands; the first mention of a command or
	function in a chapter is followed by a manual page section
	number.</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN="TOP">
	<TD><VAR>/var</VAR><BR>
	<VAR>/usr/share/cups/data/testprint.ps</VAR></TD>

	<TD>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>

	<TD>File and directory names.</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN="TOP">
	<TD NOWRAP><TT>Request ID is Printer-123</TT></TD>

	<TD>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>

	<TD>Screen output.</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN="TOP">
	<TD NOWRAP><KBD>lp -d printer filename ENTER</KBD></TD>

	<TD>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>

	<TD>Literal user input; special keys like <KBD>ENTER</KBD> are
	in ALL CAPS.</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN="TOP">
	<TD>12.3</TD>

	<TD>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>

	<TD>Numbers in the text are written using the period (.) to indicate
	the decimal point.</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE></CENTER>

<!-- NEED 3in -->
<H2>Abbreviations</H2>

The following abbreviations are used throughout this manual:

<UL>
<DL>

	<DT>kb
	<DD>Kilobytes, or 1024 bytes<BR>&nbsp;

	<DT>Mb
	<DD>Megabytes, or 1048576 bytes<BR>&nbsp;

	<DT>Gb
	<DD>Gigabytes, or 1073741824 bytes<BR>&nbsp;

</DL>
</UL>

<H2>Other References</H2>

<UL>
<DL>

	<DT>CUPS Software Administrators Manual

	<DD>An administration guide for the CUPS software.<BR>&nbsp;

	<DT>CUPS Software Programmers Manual

	<DD>A programmer guide for interfacing with and/or extending the CUPS
	software.<BR>&nbsp;

</DL>
</UL>


<EMBED SRC="printing-overview.shtml">


<H1 ALIGN="RIGHT"><A NAME="USING_SYSTEM">2 - Using the Printing System</A></H1>

<P>This chapter shows you how to submit, query, and cancel print jobs to
different printers.

<H2>Submitting Files for Printing</H2>

<P>CUPS provides both the System V (<CODE>lp(1)</CODE>) and Berkeley
(<CODE>lpr(1)</CODE>) printing commands. Type the following command to
print a file to the default (or only) printer on the system:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>or:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lpr filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>CUPS understands many different types of files directly, including
PostScript and image files. This allows you to print from inside your
applications or at the command-line, whichever is most convenient!

<H2>Choosing a Printer</H2>

<P>Many systems will have more than one printer available to the user. These
printers can be attached to the local system via a parallel, serial, or USB
port, or available over the network.

<P>Use the <CODE>lpstat(1)</CODE> command to see a list of available printers:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lpstat -p -d ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>The <CODE>-p</CODE> option specifies that you want to see a
list of printers, and the <CODE>-d</CODE> option reports the
current default printer or class.

<P>Use the <CODE>-d</CODE> option with the <CODE>lp</CODE> command to
print to a specific printer:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -d printer filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>or the <CODE>-P</CODE> option with the <CODE>lpr</CODE> command:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lpr -P printer filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<H2>Setting Printer Options</H2>

<P>For many types of files, the default printer options may be sufficient for
your needs. However, there may be times when you need to change the options
for a particular file you are printing.

<P>The <CODE>lp</CODE> and <CODE>lpr</CODE> commands allow you to pass
printer options using the <CODE>-o</CODE> option:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o landscape -o scaling=75 -o media=A4 filename.jpg
<B>lpr -o landscape -o scaling=75 -o media=A4 filename.jpg
</PRE></UL>

<P>The available printer options vary depending on the printer. The standard
options are described in <A HREF="#STANDARD_OPTIONS">Chapter 3, "Standard
Printing Options"</A>.

<H2>Printing Multiple Copies</H2>

<P>Both the <CODE>lp</CODE> and <CODE>lpr</CODE> commands have options for
printing more than one copy of a file:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -n <I>num-copies</I> filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -#<I>num-copies</I> filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>Copies are normally <I>not</I> collated for you. Use the <CODE>-o
Collate=True</CODE> option to get collated copies :

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -n <I>num-copies</I> -o Collate=True filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -#<I>num-copies</I> -o Collate=True filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<!-- NEED 3in -->
<H2>Checking the Printer Status from the Command-Line</H2>

<P>The <CODE>lpstat</CODE> command can be used to check for jobs that you
have submitted for printing:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lpstat ENTER</B>
Printer-1 johndoe 4427776
Printer-2 johndoe 15786
Printer-3 johndoe 372842
</PRE></UL>

<P>The jobs are listed in the order they will be printed. Use the
<CODE>-p</CODE> option to see which files and printers are active:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lpstat -p ENTER</B>
printer DeskJet now printing DeskJet-1.
</PRE></UL>

<!-- NEED 2in -->
<P>Use the <CODE>-o</CODE> and <CODE>-p</CODE> options together to show
the jobs and the printers:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lpstat -o -p ENTER</B>
Printer-1 johndoe 4427776
Printer-2 johndoe 15786
Printer-3 johndoe 372842
printer DeskJet now printing DeskJet-1.
</PRE></UL>

<H2>Checking the Printer Status from the Web</H2>

<P>Since CUPS uses the Internet Printing Protocol, it is also a
fully-functional web server. To use your web browser to monitor the
printers on your system, open the URL:

<UL><PRE>
<A HREF="http://localhost:631">http://localhost:631</A>
</PRE></UL>

<P>From there you can view the status of classes, jobs, and printers
with the click of a button!

<H2>Canceling a Print Job</H2>

<P>The <CODE>cancel(1)</CODE> and <CODE>lprm(1)</CODE> commands cancel
a print job:

<UL><PRE>
<B>cancel <I>job-id</I> ENTER</B>
<B>lprm <I>job-id</I> ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>The <CODE>job-id</CODE> is the number that was reported to you by
the <CODE>lp</CODE> or <CODE>lpstat</CODE> commands.


<H1 ALIGN="RIGHT"><A NAME="STANDARD_OPTIONS">3 - Standard Printer Options</A></H1>

<P>This chapter describes the standard printer options that are available
when printing with the <CODE>lp</CODE> and <CODE>lpr</CODE> commands.

<H2>General Options</H2>

<P>The following options apply when printing all types of files.

<!-- NEED 2in -->
<H3>Selecting the Media Size, Type, and Source</H3>

<P>The <CODE>-o media=xyz</CODE> option sets the media size, type,
and/or source:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o media=Letter filename ENTER</B>
<B>lp -o media=Letter,MultiPurpose filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o media=Letter,Transparency filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o media=Letter,MultiPurpose,Transparency filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<!-- NEED 3in -->
<P>The available media sizes, types, and sources depend on the printer, but
most support the following options (case is not significant):

<UL>

	<LI><CODE>Letter</CODE> - US Letter (8.5x11 inches, or 216x279mm)

	<LI><CODE>Legal</CODE> - US Legal (8.5x14 inches, or 216x356mm)

	<LI><CODE>A4</CODE> - ISO A4 (8.27x11.69 inches, or 210x297mm)

	<LI><CODE>COM10</CODE> - US #10 Envelope (9.5x4.125 inches, or
	241x105mm)

	<LI><CODE>DL</CODE> - ISO DL Envelope (8.66x4.33 inches, or 220x110mm)

	<LI><CODE>Transparency</CODE> - Transparency media type or source

	<LI><CODE>Upper</CODE> - Upper paper tray

	<LI><CODE>Lower</CODE> - Lower paper tray

	<LI><CODE>MultiPurpose</CODE> - Multi-purpose paper tray

	<LI><CODE>LargeCapacity</CODE> - Large capacity paper tray

</UL>

<P>The actual options supported are defined in the printer's PPD file
in the <CODE>PageSize</CODE>, <CODE>InputSlot</CODE>, and
<CODE>MediaType</CODE> options.

<H3>Setting the Orientation</H3>

<P>The <CODE>-o landscape</CODE> option will rotate the page 90 degrees
to print in landscape orientation:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o landscape filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o landscape filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<H3>Printing On Both Sides of the Paper</H3>

<P>The <CODE>-o sides=two-sided-short-edge</CODE> and <CODE>-o
sides=two-sided-long-edge</CODE> options will enable duplexing on the
printer, if the printer supports it. The <CODE>-o
sides=two-sided-short-edge</CODE> option is suitable for landscape
pages, while the <CODE>-o sides=two-sided-long-edge</CODE> option is
suitable for portrait pages:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o sides=two-sided-short-edge filename ENTER</B>
<B>lp -o sides=two-sided-long-edge filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o sides=two-sided-long-edge filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>The default is to print single-sided:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o sides=one-sided filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o sides=one-sided filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<H2>Banner Options</H2>

<P>The following options apply when printing all types of files.

<H3>Selecting the Banner Page(s)</H3>

<P>The <CODE>-o jobsheets=start,end</CODE> option sets the banner page(s) to
use for a job:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o job-sheets=none filename ENTER</B>
<B>lp -o job-sheets=standard filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o job-sheets=classified,classified filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>If only one banner file is specified, it will be printed before the
files in the job. If a second banner file is specified, it is printed after
the files in the job.

<P>The available banner pages depend on the local system configuration; CUPS
includes the following banner files:

<UL>

	<LI><CODE>none</CODE> - Do not produce a banner page.

	<LI><CODE>classified</CODE> - A banner page with a "classified"
	label at the top and bottom.

	<LI><CODE>confidential</CODE> - A banner page with a
	"confidential" label at the top and bottom.

	<LI><CODE>secret</CODE> - A banner page with a "secret" label
	at the top and bottom.

	<LI><CODE>standard</CODE> - A banner page with no label at the
	top and bottom.

	<LI><CODE>topsecret</CODE> - A banner page with a "top secret"
	label at the top and bottom.

	<LI><CODE>unclassified</CODE> - A banner page with an
	"unclassified" label at the top and bottom.

</UL>

<H2>Document Options</H2>

<P>The following options apply when printing all types of files.

<H3>Selecting a Range of Pages</H3>

<P>The <CODE>-o page-ranges=pages</CODE> option selects a range of
pages for printing:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o page-ranges=1 filename ENTER</B>
<B>lp -o page-ranges=1-4 filename ENTER</B>
<B>lp -o page-ranges=1-4,7,9-12 filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o page-ranges=1-4,7,9-12 filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>As shown above, the <CODE>pages</CODE> value can be a single page, a
range of pages, or a collection of page numbers and ranges separated by
commas. The pages will always be printed in ascending order, regardless
of the order of the pages in the <CODE>page-ranges</CODE> option.

<P>The default is to print all pages.

<H3>Selecting Even or Odd Pages</H3>

<P>Use the <CODE>-o page-set=set</CODE> option to select the even or odd pages:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o page-set=odd filename ENTER</B>
<B>lp -o page-set=even filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o page-set=even filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>The default is to print all pages.

<H3>N-Up Printing</H3>

<P>The <CODE>-o number-up=value</CODE> option selects N-Up printing. 
N-Up printing places multiple document pages on a single printed page. 
CUPS supports 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, and 16-Up formats; the default format is
1-Up:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o number-up=1 filename ENTER</B>
<B>lp -o number-up=2 filename ENTER</B>
<B>lp -o number-up=4 filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o number-up=16 filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>The <CODE>-o page-border=value</CODE> option chooses the border
to draw around each page:

<UL>
	<LI><CODE>-o page-border=double</CODE>; draw two hairline borders around each page</LI>
	<LI><CODE>-o page-border=double-thick</CODE>; draw two 1pt borders around each page</LI>
	<LI><CODE>-o page-border=none</CODE>; do not draw a border (default)</LI>
	<LI><CODE>-o page-border=single</CODE>; draw one hairline border around each page</LI>
	<LI><CODE>-o page-border=single-thick</CODE>; draw one 1pt border around each page</LI>
</UL>

<P>The <CODE>-o number-up-layout=value</CODE> option chooses the layout
of the pages on each output page:

<UL>
	<LI><CODE>-o number-up-layout=btlr</CODE>; Bottom to top, left to right</LI>
	<LI><CODE>-o number-up-layout=btrl</CODE>; Bottom to top, right to left</LI>
	<LI><CODE>-o number-up-layout=lrbt</CODE>; Left to right, bottom to top</LI>
	<LI><CODE>-o number-up-layout=lrtb</CODE>; Left to right, top to bottom (default)</LI>
	<LI><CODE>-o number-up-layout=rlbt</CODE>; Right to left, bottom to top</LI>
	<LI><CODE>-o number-up-layout=rltb</CODE>; Right to left, top to bottom</LI>
	<LI><CODE>-o number-up-layout=tblr</CODE>; Top to bottom, left to right</LI>
	<LI><CODE>-o number-up-layout=tbrl</CODE>; Top to bottom, right to left</LI>
</UL>

<H3>Setting the Brightness</H3>

<P>You can control the overall brightness of the printed output using the
<CODE>-o brightness=percent</CODE> option:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o brightness=120 filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o brightness=120 filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>Values greater than 100 will lighten the print, while values less than
100 will darken it.

<H3>Setting the Gamma Correction</H3>

<P>You can control the overall gamma correction of the printed output
using the <CODE>-o gamma=value</CODE> option:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o gamma=1700 filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o gamma=1700 filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>Values greater than 1000 will lighten the print, while values less
than 1000 will darken it. The default gamma is 1000.

<H2>Text Options</H2>

<P>The following options apply when printing text files.

<H3>Setting the Number of Characters Per Inch</H3>

<P>The <CODE>-o cpi=value</CODE> option sets the number of characters per inch:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o cpi=10 filename ENTER</B>
<B>lp -o cpi=12 filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o cpi=17 filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>The default characters per inch is 10.

<H3>Setting the Number of Lines Per Inch</H3>

<P>The <CODE>-o lpi=value</CODE> option sets the number of lines per inch:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o lpi=6 filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o lpi=8 filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>The default lines per inch is 6.

<H3>Setting the Number of Columns</H3>

<P>The <CODE>-o columns=value</CODE> option sets the number of text columns:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o columns=2 filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o columns=3 filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>The default number of columns is 1.

<H3>Setting the Page Margins</H3>

<P>Normally the page margins are set to the hard limits of the printer.
Use the <CODE>-o page-left=value</CODE>, <CODE>-o
page-right=value</CODE>, <CODE>-o page-top=value</CODE>, and <CODE>-o
page-bottom=value</CODE> options to adjust the page margins:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o page-left=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
<B>lp -o page-right=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
<B>lp -o page-top=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
<B>lp -o page-bottom=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o page-bottom=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>The <CODE>value</CODE> argument is the margin in points; each point is 1/72 inch
or 0.35mm.

<H3>Pretty Printing</H3>

<P>The <CODE>-o prettyprint</CODE> option puts a header at the top of each page with the
page number, job title (usually the filename), and the date. Also, C and C++
keywords are highlighted, and comment lines are italicized:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o prettyprint filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o prettyprint filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<H2>Image Options</H2>

<P>The following options apply when printing image files.

<H3>Positioning the Image</H3>

<P>The <CODE>-o position=name</CODE> option specifies the position of the
image on the page:

<UL>

	<LI><CODE>center</CODE> - Center the image on the page (default)

	<LI><CODE>top</CODE> - Print the image centered at the top of the page

	<LI><CODE>left</CODE> - Print the image centered on the left of page

	<LI><CODE>right</CODE> - Print the image centered on the right of the page

	<LI><CODE>top-left</CODE> - Print the image at the top left corner of
	the page

	<LI><CODE>top-right</CODE> - Print the image at the top right corner of
	the page

	<LI><CODE>bottom</CODE> - Print the image centered at the bottom of
	the page

	<LI><CODE>bottom-left</CODE> - Print the image at the bottom left
	corner of the page

	<LI><CODE>bottom-right</CODE> - Print the image at the bottom right
	corner of the page

</UL>

<H3>Scaling the Image</H3>

<P>The <CODE>-o scaling=percent</CODE>, <CODE>-o
ppi=value</CODE>, and <CODE>-o natural-scaling=percent</CODE>
options change the size of a printed image:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o scaling=<I>percent</I> filename ENTER</B>
<B>lp -o ppi=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o natural-scaling=<I>percent</I> filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>The <CODE>scaling=percent</CODE> value is a number from 1 to 800
specifying the size in relation to the page (<I>not</I> the image.) A
scaling of 100 percent will fill the page as completely as the image
aspect ratio allows. A scaling of 200 percent will print on up to 4
pages.

<P>The <CODE>ppi=value</CODE> value is a number from 1 to 1200 specifying the
resolution of the image in pixels per inch. An image that is 3000x2400
pixels will print 10x8 inches at 300 pixels per inch, for example. If
the specified resolution makes the image larger than the page, multiple
pages will be printed to satisfy the request.

<P>The <CODE>natural-scaling=percent</CODE> value is a number
from 1 to 800 specifying the size in relation to the natural
image size. A scaling of 100 percent will print the image at its
natural size, while a scaling of 50 percent will print the image
at half its natural size. If the specified scaling makes the
image larger than the page, multiple pages will be printed to
satisfy the request.

<H3>Adjusting the Hue (Tint) of an Image</H3>

<P>The <CODE>-o hue=value</CODE> option will adjust the hue of the
printed image, much like the tint control on your television:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o hue=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o hue=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<!-- NEED 3in -->
<P>The <CODE>value</CODE> argument is a number from -360 to 360 and represents the
color hue rotation. The following table summarizes the change you'll see with
different colors:

<CENTER><TABLE WIDTH="50%" BORDER="1">
<TR>
	<TH>Original</TH>
	<TH>hue=-45</TH>
	<TH>hue=45</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
	<TD>Red</TD>
	<TD>Purple</TD>
	<TD>Yellow-orange</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
	<TD>Green</TD>
	<TD>Yellow-green</TD>
	<TD>Blue-green</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
	<TD>Yellow</TD>
	<TD>Orange</TD>
	<TD>Green-yellow</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
	<TD>Blue</TD>
	<TD>Sky-blue</TD>
	<TD>Purple</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
	<TD>Magenta</TD>
	<TD>Indigo</TD>
	<TD>Crimson</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
	<TD>Cyan</TD>
	<TD>Blue-green</TD>
	<TD>Light-navy-blue</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE></CENTER>

<P>The default hue adjustment is 0.

<H3>Adjusting the Saturation (Color) of an Image</H3>

<P>The <CODE>-o saturation=percent</CODE> option adjusts the saturation
of the colors in an image, much like the color knob on your television:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o saturation=<I>percent</I> filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o saturation=<I>percent</I> filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>The <CODE>percent</CODE> argument specifies the color saturation
from 0 to 200. A color saturation of 0 produces a black-and-white
print, while a value of 200 will make the colors extremely intense.

<P>The default saturation is 100.

<!-- NEED 4in -->
<H2>HP-GL/2 Options</H2>

<P>The following options apply to HP-GL/2 files.

<H3>Printing in Black</H3>

<P>The <CODE>-o blackplot</CODE> option specifies that all pens should
plot in black:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o blackplot filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o blackplot filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>The default is to use the colors defined in the plot file or the
standard pen colors defined in the HP-GL/2 reference manual from
Hewlett Packard.

<H3>Fitting the Plot on the Page</H3>

<P>The <CODE>-o fitplot</CODE> option specifies that the plot should be
scaled to fit on the page:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o fitplot filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o fitplot filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>The default is to use the absolute distances specified in the plot
file.

<CENTER><TABLE WIDTH="80%" CELLPADDING="5" BORDER="1" BGCOLOR="#cccccc">
<TR>
	<TD>
	<B>NOTE:</B>

	<P>This feature depends upon an accurate plot size (<CODE>PS</CODE>)
	command in the HP-GL/2 file. If no plot size is given in the file
	than the HP-GL/2 filter assumes the plot is ANSI E size.
	</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE></CENTER>

<H3>Setting the Default Pen Width</H3>

<P>The <CODE>-o penwidth=value</CODE> option specifies the default pen
width for HP-GL/2 files:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o penwidth=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o penwidth=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>The pen width <CODE>value</CODE> specifies the pen width in micrometers.
The default value of 1000 produces lines that are 1 millimeter in width.
Specifying a pen width of 0 produces lines that are exactly 1 pixel wide.

<CENTER><TABLE WIDTH="80%" CELLPADDING="5" BORDER="1" BGCOLOR="#cccccc">
<TR>
	<TD>
	<B>NOTE:</B>

	<P>This option is ignored when the pen widths are set in the
	plot file.
	</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE></CENTER>

<H2>Raw or Unfiltered Output</H2>

<P>The <CODE>-o raw</CODE> option allows you to send files directly to
a printer without filtering. This is sometimes required when printing
from applications that provide their own "printer drivers" for your
printer:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -o raw filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -o raw filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>The <CODE>-l</CODE> option can also be used with the
<CODE>lpr</CODE> command to send files directly to a printer:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lpr -l filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>


<H1 ALIGN="RIGHT"><A NAME="SAVING_OPTIONS">4 - Saving Printer Options and Defaults</A></H1>

<P>This chapter describes how to save printer options for your printer and
set your own default printer.

<H2>Printer Options</H2>

<P>Each printer supports a large number of options, which you learned about
in <A HREF="#STANDARD_OPTIONS">Chapter 3, "Standard Printer Options"</A>.
Rather than specifying these options each time you print a file, CUPS allows
you to save them as "default" options for the printer.

<P>The <CODE>lpoptions(1)</CODE> command saves the options for your printers.
Like the <CODE>lp</CODE> and <CODE>lpr</CODE> commands, it accepts printer
options using the <CODE>-o</CODE> argument:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lpoptions -o prettyprint ENTER</B>
<B>lpoptions -o media=A4 -o sides=two-sided-long-edge ENTER</B>
<B>lpoptions -o media=Legal -o scaling=100 ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>Once saved, any <CODE>lp</CODE> or <CODE>lpr</CODE> command will
use them when you print.

<H2>Setting Options for a Specific Printer</H2>

<P>The previous example shows how to set the options for the default
printer. The <CODE>-p printer</CODE> option specifies the options are
for another printer:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lpoptions -p laserjet -o prettyprint ENTER</B>
<B>lpoptions -p laserjet -o media=A4 -o sides=two-sided-long-edge ENTER</B>
<B>lpoptions -p deskjet -o media=Legal -o scaling=100 ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<H2>Removing Options</H2>

<P>The previous two examples shows how to set options for the default
and a specific printer.  Below, shows you how to remove the saved 
option using the <CODE>-r</CODE> argument:

<UL><PRE>
<KBD>lpoptions -r prettyprint <I>ENTER</I></KBD>
<KBD>lpoptions -p laserjet -r prettyprint <I>ENTER</I></KBD>
</PRE></UL>

<H2>Viewing the Current Defaults</H2>

<P>The <CODE>lpoptions</CODE> command can also be used to show the current
options by not specifying any new options on the command-line:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lpoptions ENTER</B>
media=A4 sides=two-sided-long-edge
<B>lpoptions -p deskjet ENTER</B>
media=Legal scaling=100
</PRE></UL>

<H2>Viewing Options for a Specific Printer</H2>

<P>You can display the supported options using the <CODE>lpoptions</CODE>
command with the <CODE>-l</CODE> option, as follows:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lpoptions -p laserjet -l ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<H2>Setting the Default Printer</H2>

<P>The administrator normally will set a system-wide default printer
that is normally used as the default printer by everyone. Use the
<CODE>-d printer</CODE> option to set your own default printer:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lpoptions -d deskjet ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>The printer can be local (<CODE>deskjet</CODE>) or remote
(<CODE>deskjet@server</CODE>).

<H2>Printer Instances</H2>

<P>Besides setting options for each print queue, CUPS supports
<I>printer instances</I> which allow you to define several different
sets of options for each printer. You specify a printer instance using
the slash (<CODE>/</CODE>) character:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lpoptions -p laserjet/duplex -o sides=two-sided-long-edge ENTER</B>
<B>lpoptions -p laserjet/legal -o media=Legal ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>The <CODE>lp</CODE> and <CODE>lpr</CODE> commands also understand
this notation:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lp -d laserjet/duplex filename ENTER</B>
<B>lpr -P laserjet/legal filename ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<H2>Removing Instances</H2>

<P>Use the <CODE>-x printer/instance</CODE> option to remove a printer
instance that you no longer need:

<UL><PRE>
<B>lpoptions -x laserjet ENTER</B>
<B>lpoptions -x laserjet/duplex ENTER</B>
<B>lpoptions -x laserjet/legal ENTER</B>
</PRE></UL>

<P>The <CODE>-x</CODE> option only removes the default options for that
printer and instance; the original print queue will remain until deleted
with the <CODE>lpadmin(8)</CODE> command by the administrator.


<H1 ALIGN="RIGHT"><A NAME="LICENSE">A - Software License
Agreement</A></H1>

<EMBED SRC="../LICENSE.html">

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