Fix up calculation of bitmap space when creating v1 metadata.

[thirdparty/mdadm.git] / super1.c

/*
 * mdadm - manage Linux "md" devices aka RAID arrays.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2001-2006 Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
 *
 *
 *    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 *    (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *    GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 *    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 *
 *    Author: Neil Brown
 *    Email: <neilb@cse.unsw.edu.au>
 *    Paper: Neil Brown
 *           School of Computer Science and Engineering
 *           The University of New South Wales
 *           Sydney, 2052
 *           Australia
 */

#include "mdadm.h"
/*
 * The version-1 superblock :
 * All numeric fields are little-endian.
 *
 * total size: 256 bytes plus 2 per device.
 *  1K allows 384 devices.
 */
struct mdp_superblock_1 {
        /* constant array information - 128 bytes */
        __u32   magic;          /* MD_SB_MAGIC: 0xa92b4efc - little endian */
        __u32   major_version;  /* 1 */
        __u32   feature_map;    /* 0 for now */
        __u32   pad0;           /* always set to 0 when writing */

        __u8    set_uuid[16];   /* user-space generated. */
        char    set_name[32];   /* set and interpreted by user-space */

        __u64   ctime;          /* lo 40 bits are seconds, top 24 are microseconds or 0*/
        __u32   level;          /* -4 (multipath), -1 (linear), 0,1,4,5 */
        __u32   layout;         /* only for raid5 currently */
        __u64   size;           /* used size of component devices, in 512byte sectors */

        __u32   chunksize;      /* in 512byte sectors */
        __u32   raid_disks;
        __u32   bitmap_offset;  /* sectors after start of superblock that bitmap starts
                                 * NOTE: signed, so bitmap can be before superblock
                                 * only meaningful of feature_map[0] is set.
                                 */

        /* These are only valid with feature bit '4' */
        __u32   new_level;      /* new level we are reshaping to                */
        __u64   reshape_position;       /* next address in array-space for reshape */
        __u32   delta_disks;    /* change in number of raid_disks               */
        __u32   new_layout;     /* new layout                                   */
        __u32   new_chunk;      /* new chunk size (bytes)                       */
        __u8    pad1[128-124];  /* set to 0 when written */

        /* constant this-device information - 64 bytes */
        __u64   data_offset;    /* sector start of data, often 0 */
        __u64   data_size;      /* sectors in this device that can be used for data */
        __u64   super_offset;   /* sector start of this superblock */
        __u64   recovery_offset;/* sectors before this offset (from data_offset) have been recovered */
        __u32   dev_number;     /* permanent identifier of this  device - not role in raid */
        __u32   cnt_corrected_read; /* number of read errors that were corrected by re-writing */
        __u8    device_uuid[16]; /* user-space setable, ignored by kernel */
        __u8    devflags;        /* per-device flags.  Only one defined...*/
#define WriteMostly1    1        /* mask for writemostly flag in above */
        __u8    pad2[64-57];    /* set to 0 when writing */

        /* array state information - 64 bytes */
        __u64   utime;          /* 40 bits second, 24 btes microseconds */
        __u64   events;         /* incremented when superblock updated */
        __u64   resync_offset;  /* data before this offset (from data_offset) known to be in sync */
        __u32   sb_csum;        /* checksum upto devs[max_dev] */
        __u32   max_dev;        /* size of devs[] array to consider */
        __u8    pad3[64-32];    /* set to 0 when writing */

        /* device state information. Indexed by dev_number.
         * 2 bytes per device
         * Note there are no per-device state flags. State information is rolled
         * into the 'roles' value.  If a device is spare or faulty, then it doesn't
         * have a meaningful role.
         */
        __u16   dev_roles[0];   /* role in array, or 0xffff for a spare, or 0xfffe for faulty */
};

struct misc_dev_info {
        __u64 device_size;
};

/* feature_map bits */
#define MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET        1
#define MD_FEATURE_RECOVERY_OFFSET      2 /* recovery_offset is present and
                                           * must be honoured
                                           */
#define MD_FEATURE_RESHAPE_ACTIVE       4

#define MD_FEATURE_ALL                  (1|2|4)

#ifndef offsetof
#define offsetof(t,f) ((size_t)&(((t*)0)->f))
#endif
static unsigned int calc_sb_1_csum(struct mdp_superblock_1 * sb)
{
        unsigned int disk_csum, csum;
        unsigned long long newcsum;
        int size = sizeof(*sb) + __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev)*2;
        unsigned int *isuper = (unsigned int*)sb;
        int i;

/* make sure I can count... */
        if (offsetof(struct mdp_superblock_1,data_offset) != 128 ||
            offsetof(struct mdp_superblock_1, utime) != 192 ||
            sizeof(struct mdp_superblock_1) != 256) {
                fprintf(stderr, "WARNING - superblock isn't sized correctly\n");
        }

        disk_csum = sb->sb_csum;
        sb->sb_csum = 0;
        newcsum = 0;
        for (i=0; size>=4; size -= 4 ) {
                newcsum += __le32_to_cpu(*isuper);
                isuper++;
        }

        if (size == 2)
                newcsum += __le16_to_cpu(*(unsigned short*) isuper);

        csum = (newcsum & 0xffffffff) + (newcsum >> 32);
        sb->sb_csum = disk_csum;
        return __cpu_to_le32(csum);
}

#ifndef MDASSEMBLE
static void examine_super1(void *sbv, char *homehost)
{
        struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = sbv;
        time_t atime;
        int d;
        int faulty;
        int i;
        char *c;
        int l = homehost ? strlen(homehost) : 0;
        int layout;

        printf("          Magic : %08x\n", __le32_to_cpu(sb->magic));
        printf("        Version : %02d\n", 1);
        printf("    Feature Map : 0x%x\n", __le32_to_cpu(sb->feature_map));
        printf("     Array UUID : ");
        for (i=0; i<16; i++) {
                if ((i&3)==0 && i != 0) printf(":");
                printf("%02x", sb->set_uuid[i]);
        }
        printf("\n");
        printf("           Name : %.32s", sb->set_name);
        if (l > 0 && l < 32 &&
            sb->set_name[l] == ':' &&
            strncmp(sb->set_name, homehost, l) == 0)
                printf("  (local to host %s)", homehost);
        printf("\n");
        atime = __le64_to_cpu(sb->ctime) & 0xFFFFFFFFFFULL;
        printf("  Creation Time : %.24s\n", ctime(&atime));
        c=map_num(pers, __le32_to_cpu(sb->level));
        printf("     Raid Level : %s\n", c?c:"-unknown-");
        printf("   Raid Devices : %d\n", __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks));
        printf("\n");
        printf("  Used Dev Size : %llu%s\n",
               (unsigned long long)__le64_to_cpu(sb->data_size),
               human_size(__le64_to_cpu(sb->data_size)<<9));
        if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->level) >= 0) {
                int ddsks=0;
                switch(__le32_to_cpu(sb->level)) {
                case 1: ddsks=1;break;
                case 4:
                case 5: ddsks = __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks)-1; break;
                case 6: ddsks = __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks)-2; break;
                case 10:
                        layout = __le32_to_cpu(sb->layout);
                        ddsks = __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks)
                                 / (layout&255) / ((layout>>8)&255);
                }
                if (ddsks)
                        printf("     Array Size : %llu%s\n",
                               ddsks*(unsigned long long)__le64_to_cpu(sb->size),
                               human_size(ddsks*__le64_to_cpu(sb->size)<<9));
                if (sb->size != sb->data_size)
                        printf("      Used Size : %llu%s\n",
                               (unsigned long long)__le64_to_cpu(sb->size),
                               human_size(__le64_to_cpu(sb->size)<<9));
        }
        if (sb->data_offset)
                printf("    Data Offset : %llu sectors\n",
                       (unsigned long long)__le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset));
        printf("   Super Offset : %llu sectors\n",
               (unsigned long long)__le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset));
        if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->feature_map) & MD_FEATURE_RECOVERY_OFFSET)
                printf("Recovery Offset : %llu sectors\n", (unsigned long long)__le64_to_cpu(sb->recovery_offset));
        printf("          State : %s\n", (__le64_to_cpu(sb->resync_offset)+1)? "active":"clean");
        printf("    Device UUID : ");
        for (i=0; i<16; i++) {
                if ((i&3)==0 && i != 0) printf(":");
                printf("%02x", sb->device_uuid[i]);
        }
        printf("\n");
        printf("\n");
        if (sb->feature_map & __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET)) {
                printf("Internal Bitmap : %ld sectors from superblock\n",
                       (long)__le32_to_cpu(sb->bitmap_offset));
        }
        if (sb->feature_map & __le32_to_cpu(MD_FEATURE_RESHAPE_ACTIVE)) {
                printf("  Reshape pos'n : %llu%s\n", (unsigned long long)__le64_to_cpu(sb->reshape_position)/2,
                       human_size(__le64_to_cpu(sb->reshape_position)<<9));
                if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->delta_disks)) {
                        printf("  Delta Devices : %d", __le32_to_cpu(sb->delta_disks));
                        if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->delta_disks))
                                printf(" (%d->%d)\n",
                                       __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks)-__le32_to_cpu(sb->delta_disks),
                                       __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks));
                        else
                                printf(" (%d->%d)\n", __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks),
                                       __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks)+__le32_to_cpu(sb->delta_disks));
                }
                if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->new_level) != __le32_to_cpu(sb->level)) {
                        c = map_num(pers, __le32_to_cpu(sb->new_level));
                        printf("      New Level : %s\n", c?c:"-unknown-");
                }
                if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->new_layout) != __le32_to_cpu(sb->layout)) {
                        if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->level) == 5) {
                                c = map_num(r5layout, __le32_to_cpu(sb->new_layout));
                                printf("     New Layout : %s\n", c?c:"-unknown-");
                        }
                        if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->level) == 10) {
                                printf("     New Layout : near=%d, %s=%d\n",
                                       __le32_to_cpu(sb->new_layout)&255,
                                       (__le32_to_cpu(sb->new_layout)&0x10000)?"offset":"far",
                                       (__le32_to_cpu(sb->new_layout)>>8)&255);
                        }
                }
                if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->new_chunk) != __le32_to_cpu(sb->chunksize))
                        printf("  New Chunksize : %dK\n", __le32_to_cpu(sb->new_chunk)/2);
                printf("\n");
        }
        if (sb->devflags) {
                printf("      Flags :");
                if (sb->devflags & WriteMostly1)
                        printf(" write-mostly");
                printf("\n");
        }

        atime = __le64_to_cpu(sb->utime) & 0xFFFFFFFFFFULL;
        printf("    Update Time : %.24s\n", ctime(&atime));

        if (calc_sb_1_csum(sb) == sb->sb_csum)
                printf("       Checksum : %x - correct\n", __le32_to_cpu(sb->sb_csum));
        else
                printf("       Checksum : %x - expected %x\n", __le32_to_cpu(sb->sb_csum),
                       __le32_to_cpu(calc_sb_1_csum(sb)));
        printf("         Events : %llu\n", (unsigned long long)__le64_to_cpu(sb->events));
        printf("\n");
        if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->level) == 5) {
                c = map_num(r5layout, __le32_to_cpu(sb->layout));
                printf("         Layout : %s\n", c?c:"-unknown-");
        }
        if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->level) == 10) {
                int lo = __le32_to_cpu(sb->layout);
                printf("         Layout : near=%d, %s=%d\n",
                       lo&255,
                       (lo&0x10000)?"offset":"far",
                       (lo>>8)&255);
        }
        switch(__le32_to_cpu(sb->level)) {
        case 0:
        case 4:
        case 5:
        case 6:
        case 10:
                printf("     Chunk Size : %dK\n", __le32_to_cpu(sb->chunksize)/2);
                break;
        case -1:
                printf("       Rounding : %dK\n", __le32_to_cpu(sb->chunksize)/2);
                break;
        default: break;
        }
        printf("\n");
        printf("    Array Slot : %d (", __le32_to_cpu(sb->dev_number));
        for (i= __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev); i> 0 ; i--)
                if (__le16_to_cpu(sb->dev_roles[i-1]) != 0xffff)
                        break;
        for (d=0; d < i; d++) {
                int role = __le16_to_cpu(sb->dev_roles[d]);
                if (d) printf(", ");
                if (role == 0xffff) printf("empty");
                else if(role == 0xfffe) printf("failed");
                else printf("%d", role);
        }
        printf(")\n");
        printf("   Array State : ");
        for (d=0; d<__le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks); d++) {
                int cnt = 0;
                int me = 0;
                int i;
                for (i=0; i< __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev); i++) {
                        int role = __le16_to_cpu(sb->dev_roles[i]);
                        if (role == d) {
                                if (i == __le32_to_cpu(sb->dev_number))
                                        me = 1;
                                cnt++;
                        }
                }
                if (cnt > 1) printf("?");
                else if (cnt == 1 && me) printf("U");
                else if (cnt == 1) printf("u");
                else printf ("_");
        }
        faulty = 0;
        for (i=0; i< __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev); i++) {
                int role = __le16_to_cpu(sb->dev_roles[i]);
                if (role == 0xFFFE)
                        faulty++;
        }
        if (faulty) printf(" %d failed", faulty);
        printf("\n");
}


static void brief_examine_super1(void *sbv)
{
        struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = sbv;
        int i;
        char *nm;
        char *c=map_num(pers, __le32_to_cpu(sb->level));

        nm = strchr(sb->set_name, ':');
        if (nm)
                nm++;
        else if (sb->set_name[0])
                nm = sb->set_name;
        else
                nm = "??";

        printf("ARRAY /dev/md/%s level=%s metadata=1 num-devices=%d UUID=",
               nm,
               c?c:"-unknown-", __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks));
        for (i=0; i<16; i++) {
                if ((i&3)==0 && i != 0) printf(":");
                printf("%02x", sb->set_uuid[i]);
        }
        if (sb->set_name[0])
                printf(" name=%.32s", sb->set_name);
        printf("\n");
}

static void detail_super1(void *sbv, char *homehost)
{
        struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = sbv;
        int i;
        int l = homehost ? strlen(homehost) : 0;

        printf("           Name : %.32s", sb->set_name);
        if (l > 0 && l < 32 &&
            sb->set_name[l] == ':' &&
            strncmp(sb->set_name, homehost, l) == 0)
                printf("  (local to host %s)", homehost);
        printf("\n           UUID : ");
        for (i=0; i<16; i++) {
                if ((i&3)==0 && i != 0) printf(":");
                printf("%02x", sb->set_uuid[i]);
        }
        printf("\n         Events : %llu\n\n", (unsigned long long)__le64_to_cpu(sb->events));
}

static void brief_detail_super1(void *sbv)
{
        struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = sbv;
        int i;

        if (sb->set_name[0])
                printf(" name=%.32s", sb->set_name);
        printf(" UUID=");
        for (i=0; i<16; i++) {
                if ((i&3)==0 && i != 0) printf(":");
                printf("%02x", sb->set_uuid[i]);
        }
}

#endif

static int match_home1(void *sbv, char *homehost)
{
        struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = sbv;
        int l = homehost ? strlen(homehost) : 0;

        return (l > 0 && l < 32 &&
                sb->set_name[l] == ':' &&
                strncmp(sb->set_name, homehost, l) == 0);
}

static void uuid_from_super1(int uuid[4], void * sbv)
{
        struct mdp_superblock_1 *super = sbv;
        char *cuuid = (char*)uuid;
        int i;
        for (i=0; i<16; i++)
                cuuid[i] = super->set_uuid[i];
}

static void getinfo_super1(struct mdinfo *info, void *sbv)
{
        struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = sbv;
        int working = 0;
        int i;
        int role;

        info->array.major_version = 1;
        info->array.minor_version = __le32_to_cpu(sb->feature_map);
        info->array.patch_version = 0;
        info->array.raid_disks = __le32_to_cpu(sb->raid_disks);
        info->array.level = __le32_to_cpu(sb->level);
        info->array.layout = __le32_to_cpu(sb->layout);
        info->array.md_minor = -1;
        info->array.ctime = __le64_to_cpu(sb->ctime);
        info->array.utime = __le64_to_cpu(sb->utime);
        info->array.chunk_size = __le32_to_cpu(sb->chunksize)*512;
        info->array.state =
                (__le64_to_cpu(sb->resync_offset) >= __le64_to_cpu(sb->size))
                ? 1 : 0;

        info->data_offset = __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset);
        info->component_size = __le64_to_cpu(sb->size);

        info->disk.major = 0;
        info->disk.minor = 0;
        info->disk.number = __le32_to_cpu(sb->dev_number);
        if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->dev_number) >= __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev) ||
            __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev) > 512)
                role = 0xfffe;
        else
                role = __le16_to_cpu(sb->dev_roles[__le32_to_cpu(sb->dev_number)]);

        info->disk.raid_disk = -1;
        switch(role) {
        case 0xFFFF:
                info->disk.state = 2; /* spare: ACTIVE, not sync, not faulty */
                break;
        case 0xFFFE:
                info->disk.state = 1; /* faulty */
                break;
        default:
                info->disk.state = 6; /* active and in sync */
                info->disk.raid_disk = role;
        }
        info->events = __le64_to_cpu(sb->events);

        memcpy(info->uuid, sb->set_uuid, 16);

        strncpy(info->name, sb->set_name, 32);
        info->name[32] = 0;

        if (sb->feature_map & __le32_to_cpu(MD_FEATURE_RESHAPE_ACTIVE)) {
                info->reshape_active = 1;
                info->reshape_progress = __le64_to_cpu(sb->reshape_position);
                info->new_level = __le32_to_cpu(sb->new_level);
                info->delta_disks = __le32_to_cpu(sb->delta_disks);
                info->new_layout = __le32_to_cpu(sb->new_layout);
                info->new_chunk = __le32_to_cpu(sb->new_chunk)<<9;
        } else
                info->reshape_active = 0;

        for (i=0; i< __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev); i++) {
                role = __le16_to_cpu(sb->dev_roles[i]);
                if (/*role == 0xFFFF || */role < info->array.raid_disks)
                        working++;
        }

        info->array.working_disks = working;
}

static int update_super1(struct mdinfo *info, void *sbv, char *update,
                         char *devname, int verbose,
                         int uuid_set, char *homehost)
{
        /* NOTE: for 'assemble' and 'force' we need to return non-zero if any change was made.
         * For others, the return value is ignored.
         */
        int rv = 0;
        struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = sbv;

        if (strcmp(update, "force-one")==0) {
                /* Not enough devices for a working array,
                 * so bring this one up-to-date
                 */
                if (sb->events != __cpu_to_le64(info->events))
                        rv = 1;
                sb->events = __cpu_to_le64(info->events);
        }
        if (strcmp(update, "force-array")==0) {
                /* Degraded array and 'force' requests to
                 * maybe need to mark it 'clean'.
                 */
                switch(__le32_to_cpu(sb->level)) {
                case 5: case 4: case 6:
                        /* need to force clean */
                        if (sb->resync_offset != ~0ULL)
                                rv = 1;
                        sb->resync_offset = ~0ULL;
                }
        }
        if (strcmp(update, "assemble")==0) {
                int d = info->disk.number;
                int want;
                if (info->disk.state == 6)
                        want = __cpu_to_le32(info->disk.raid_disk);
                else
                        want = 0xFFFF;
                if (sb->dev_roles[d] != want) {
                        sb->dev_roles[d] = want;
                        rv = 1;
                }
        }
        if (strcmp(update, "grow") == 0) {
                sb->raid_disks = __cpu_to_le32(info->array.raid_disks);
                /* As we are just adding a spare, there is no need to
                 * make any change to the dev_roles array
                 */
        }
        if (strcmp(update, "resync") == 0) {
                /* make sure resync happens */
                sb->resync_offset = 0ULL;
        }
        if (strcmp(update, "uuid") == 0) {
                copy_uuid(sb->set_uuid, info->uuid, super1.swapuuid);

                if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->feature_map)&MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET) {
                        struct bitmap_super_s *bm;
                        bm = (struct bitmap_super_s*)(sbv+1024);
                        memcpy(bm->uuid, sb->set_uuid, 16);
                }
        }
        if (strcmp(update, "homehost") == 0 &&
            homehost) {
                char *c;
                update = "name";
                c = strchr(sb->set_name, ':');
                if (c)
                        strncpy(info->name, c+1, 31 - (c-sb->set_name));
                else
                        strncpy(info->name, sb->set_name, 32);
                info->name[32] = 0;
        }
        if (strcmp(update, "name") == 0) {
                if (info->name[0] == 0)
                        sprintf(info->name, "%d", info->array.md_minor);
                memset(sb->set_name, 0, sizeof(sb->set_name));
                if (homehost &&
                    strchr(info->name, ':') == NULL &&
                    strlen(homehost)+1+strlen(info->name) < 32) {
                        strcpy(sb->set_name, homehost);
                        strcat(sb->set_name, ":");
                        strcat(sb->set_name, info->name);
                } else
                        strcpy(sb->set_name, info->name);
        }
        if (strcmp(update, "devicesize") == 0 &&
            __le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset) <
            __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset)) {
                /* set data_size to device size less data_offset */
                struct misc_dev_info *misc = (struct misc_dev_info*)
                        (sbv + 1024 + sizeof(struct bitmap_super_s));
                printf("Size was %llu\n", (unsigned long long)
                       __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_size));
                sb->data_size = __cpu_to_le64(
                        misc->device_size - __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset));
                printf("Size is %llu\n", (unsigned long long)
                       __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_size));
        }
        if (strcmp(update, "_reshape_progress")==0)
                sb->reshape_position = __cpu_to_le64(info->reshape_progress);

        sb->sb_csum = calc_sb_1_csum(sb);
        return rv;
}

static int init_super1(struct supertype *st, void **sbp, mdu_array_info_t *info,
                       unsigned long long size, char *name, char *homehost, int *uuid)
{
        struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = malloc(1024 + sizeof(bitmap_super_t) +
                                             sizeof(struct misc_dev_info));
        int spares;
        int rfd;
        char defname[10];
        memset(sb, 0, 1024);

        if (info->major_version == -1) {
                /* zeroing superblock */
                *sbp = sb;
                return 0;
        }

        spares = info->working_disks - info->active_disks;
        if (info->raid_disks + spares  > 384) {
                fprintf(stderr, Name ": too many devices requested: %d+%d > %d\n",
                        info->raid_disks , spares, 384);
                return 0;
        }

        sb->magic = __cpu_to_le32(MD_SB_MAGIC);
        sb->major_version = __cpu_to_le32(1);
        sb->feature_map = 0;
        sb->pad0 = 0;

        if (uuid)
                copy_uuid(sb->set_uuid, uuid, super1.swapuuid);
        else {
                if ((rfd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY)) < 0 ||
                    read(rfd, sb->set_uuid, 16) != 16) {
                        *(__u32*)(sb->set_uuid) = random();
                        *(__u32*)(sb->set_uuid+4) = random();
                        *(__u32*)(sb->set_uuid+8) = random();
                        *(__u32*)(sb->set_uuid+12) = random();
                }
                if (rfd >= 0) close(rfd);
        }

        if (name == NULL || *name == 0) {
                sprintf(defname, "%d", info->md_minor);
                name = defname;
        }
        memset(sb->set_name, 0, 32);
        if (homehost &&
            strchr(name, ':')== NULL &&
            strlen(homehost)+1+strlen(name) < 32) {
                strcpy(sb->set_name, homehost);
                strcat(sb->set_name, ":");
                strcat(sb->set_name, name);
        } else
                strcpy(sb->set_name, name);

        sb->ctime = __cpu_to_le64((unsigned long long)time(0));
        sb->level = __cpu_to_le32(info->level);
        sb->layout = __cpu_to_le32(info->layout);
        sb->size = __cpu_to_le64(size*2ULL);
        sb->chunksize = __cpu_to_le32(info->chunk_size>>9);
        sb->raid_disks = __cpu_to_le32(info->raid_disks);

        sb->data_offset = __cpu_to_le64(0);
        sb->data_size = __cpu_to_le64(0);
        sb->super_offset = __cpu_to_le64(0);
        sb->recovery_offset = __cpu_to_le64(0);

        sb->utime = sb->ctime;
        sb->events = __cpu_to_le64(1);
        if (info->state & (1<<MD_SB_CLEAN))
                sb->resync_offset = ~0ULL;
        else
                sb->resync_offset = 0;
        sb->max_dev = __cpu_to_le32((1024- sizeof(struct mdp_superblock_1))/
                                    sizeof(sb->dev_roles[0]));
        memset(sb->pad3, 0, sizeof(sb->pad3));

        memset(sb->dev_roles, 0xff, 1024 - sizeof(struct mdp_superblock_1));

        *sbp = sb;
        return 1;
}

/* Add a device to the superblock being created */
static void add_to_super1(void *sbv, mdu_disk_info_t *dk)
{
        struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = sbv;
        __u16 *rp = sb->dev_roles + dk->number;
        if ((dk->state & 6) == 6) /* active, sync */
                *rp = __cpu_to_le16(dk->raid_disk);
        else if ((dk->state & ~2) == 0) /* active or idle -> spare */
                *rp = 0xffff;
        else
                *rp = 0xfffe;
}

static void locate_bitmap1(struct supertype *st, int fd, void *sbv);

static int store_super1(struct supertype *st, int fd, void *sbv)
{
        struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = sbv;
        unsigned long long sb_offset;
        int sbsize;
        unsigned long long dsize;

        if (!get_dev_size(fd, NULL, &dsize))
                return 1;

        dsize >>= 9;

        if (dsize < 24)
                return 2;

        /*
         * Calculate the position of the superblock.
         * It is always aligned to a 4K boundary and
         * depending on minor_version, it can be:
         * 0: At least 8K, but less than 12K, from end of device
         * 1: At start of device
         * 2: 4K from start of device.
         */
        switch(st->minor_version) {
        case 0:
                sb_offset = dsize;
                sb_offset -= 8*2;
                sb_offset &= ~(4*2-1);
                break;
        case 1:
                sb_offset = 0;
                break;
        case 2:
                sb_offset = 4*2;
                break;
        default:
                return -EINVAL;
        }



        if (sb_offset != __le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset) &&
            0 != __le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset)
                ) {
                fprintf(stderr, Name ": internal error - sb_offset is wrong\n");
                abort();
        }

        if (lseek64(fd, sb_offset << 9, 0)< 0LL)
                return 3;

        sbsize = sizeof(*sb) + 2 * __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev);

        if (write(fd, sb, sbsize) != sbsize)
                return 4;

        if (sb->feature_map & __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET)) {
                struct bitmap_super_s *bm = (struct bitmap_super_s*)
                        (((char*)sb)+1024);
                if (__le32_to_cpu(bm->magic) == BITMAP_MAGIC) {
                        locate_bitmap1(st, fd, sbv);
                        if (write(fd, bm, sizeof(*bm)) != sizeof(*bm))
                            return 5;
                }
        }
        fsync(fd);
        return 0;
}

static int load_super1(struct supertype *st, int fd, void **sbp, char *devname);

static unsigned long choose_bm_space(unsigned long devsize)
{
        /* if the device is bigger than 8Gig, save 64k for bitmap usage,
         * if bigger than 200Gig, save 128k
         */
        if (devsize - 64*2 >= 200*1024*1024*2)
                return 128*2;
        if (devsize - 4*2 > 8*1024*1024*2)
                return 64*2;
        return 4*2;
}

static int write_init_super1(struct supertype *st, void *sbv,
                             mdu_disk_info_t *dinfo, char *devname)
{
        struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = sbv;
        void *refsbv = NULL;
        int fd = open(devname, O_RDWR | O_EXCL);
        int rfd;
        int rv;
        int bm_space;

        unsigned long long dsize, array_size;
        long long sb_offset;


        if (fd < 0) {
                fprintf(stderr, Name ": Failed to open %s to write superblock\n",
                        devname);
                return -1;
        }

        sb->dev_number = __cpu_to_le32(dinfo->number);
        if (dinfo->state & (1<<MD_DISK_WRITEMOSTLY))
                sb->devflags |= __cpu_to_le32(WriteMostly1);

        if ((rfd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY)) < 0 ||
            read(rfd, sb->device_uuid, 16) != 16) {
                *(__u32*)(sb->device_uuid) = random();
                *(__u32*)(sb->device_uuid+4) = random();
                *(__u32*)(sb->device_uuid+8) = random();
                *(__u32*)(sb->device_uuid+12) = random();
        }
        if (rfd >= 0) close(rfd);
        sb->events = 0;

        if (load_super1(st, fd, &refsbv, NULL)==0) {
                struct mdp_superblock_1 *refsb = refsbv;

                memcpy(sb->device_uuid, refsb->device_uuid, 16);
                if (memcmp(sb->set_uuid, refsb->set_uuid, 16)==0) {
                        /* same array, so preserve events and dev_number */
                        sb->events = refsb->events;
                        /* bugs in 2.6.17 and earlier mean the dev_number
                         * chosen in Manage must be preserved
                         */
                        if (get_linux_version() >= 2006018)
                                sb->dev_number = refsb->dev_number;
                }
                free(refsb);
        }

        if (!get_dev_size(fd, NULL, &dsize))
                return 1;
        dsize >>= 9;

        if (dsize < 24) {
                close(fd);
                return 2;
        }


        /*
         * Calculate the position of the superblock.
         * It is always aligned to a 4K boundary and
         * depending on minor_version, it can be:
         * 0: At least 8K, but less than 12K, from end of device
         * 1: At start of device
         * 2: 4K from start of device.
         * Depending on the array size, we might leave extra space
         * for a bitmap.
         */
        array_size = __le64_to_cpu(sb->size);
        /* work out how much space we left of a bitmap */
        bm_space = choose_bm_space(array_size);

        switch(st->minor_version) {
        case 0:
                sb_offset = dsize;
                sb_offset -= 8*2;
                sb_offset &= ~(4*2-1);
                sb->super_offset = __cpu_to_le64(sb_offset);
                sb->data_offset = __cpu_to_le64(0);
                sb->data_size = __cpu_to_le64(sb_offset - bm_space);
                break;
        case 1:
                sb->super_offset = __cpu_to_le64(0);
                sb->data_offset = __cpu_to_le64(bm_space + 4*2);
                sb->data_size = __cpu_to_le64(dsize - bm_space - 4*2);
                break;
        case 2:
                sb_offset = 4*2;
                sb->super_offset = __cpu_to_le64(4*2);
                sb->data_offset = __cpu_to_le64(4*2 + 4*2 + bm_space);
                sb->data_size = __cpu_to_le64(dsize - 4*2 - 4*2 - bm_space );
                break;
        default:
                return -EINVAL;
        }


        sb->sb_csum = calc_sb_1_csum(sb);
        rv = store_super1(st, fd, sb);
        if (rv)
                fprintf(stderr, Name ": failed to write superblock to %s\n", devname);

        if (rv == 0 && (__le32_to_cpu(sb->feature_map) & 1))
                rv = st->ss->write_bitmap(st, fd, sbv);
        close(fd);
        return rv;
}

static int compare_super1(void **firstp, void *secondv)
{
        /*
         * return:
         *  0 same, or first was empty, and second was copied
         *  1 second had wrong number
         *  2 wrong uuid
         *  3 wrong other info
         */
        struct mdp_superblock_1 *first = *firstp;
        struct mdp_superblock_1 *second = secondv;

        if (second->magic != __cpu_to_le32(MD_SB_MAGIC))
                return 1;
        if (second->major_version != __cpu_to_le32(1))
                return 1;

        if (!first) {
                first = malloc(1024+sizeof(bitmap_super_t) +
                               sizeof(struct misc_dev_info));
                memcpy(first, second, 1024+sizeof(bitmap_super_t) +
                       sizeof(struct misc_dev_info));
                *firstp = first;
                return 0;
        }
        if (memcmp(first->set_uuid, second->set_uuid, 16)!= 0)
                return 2;

        if (first->ctime      != second->ctime     ||
            first->level      != second->level     ||
            first->layout     != second->layout    ||
            first->size       != second->size      ||
            first->chunksize  != second->chunksize ||
            first->raid_disks != second->raid_disks)
                return 3;
        return 0;
}

static int load_super1(struct supertype *st, int fd, void **sbp, char *devname)
{
        unsigned long long dsize;
        unsigned long long sb_offset;
        struct mdp_superblock_1 *super;
        int uuid[4];
        struct bitmap_super_s *bsb;
        struct misc_dev_info *misc;


        if (st->ss == NULL) {
                int bestvers = -1;
                __u64 bestctime = 0;
                /* guess... choose latest ctime */
                st->ss = &super1;
                for (st->minor_version = 0; st->minor_version <= 2 ; st->minor_version++) {
                        switch(load_super1(st, fd, sbp, devname)) {
                        case 0: super = *sbp;
                                if (bestvers == -1 ||
                                    bestctime < __le64_to_cpu(super->ctime)) {
                                        bestvers = st->minor_version;
                                        bestctime = __le64_to_cpu(super->ctime);
                                }
                                free(super);
                                *sbp = NULL;
                                break;
                        case 1: st->ss = NULL; return 1; /*bad device */
                        case 2: break; /* bad, try next */
                        }
                }
                if (bestvers != -1) {
                        int rv;
                        st->minor_version = bestvers;
                        st->ss = &super1;
                        st->max_devs = 384;
                        rv = load_super1(st, fd, sbp, devname);
                        if (rv) st->ss = NULL;
                        return rv;
                }
                st->ss = NULL;
                return 2;
        }
        if (!get_dev_size(fd, devname, &dsize))
                return 1;
        dsize >>= 9;

        if (dsize < 24) {
                if (devname)
                        fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s is too small for md: size is %llu sectors.\n",
                                devname, dsize);
                return 1;
        }

        /*
         * Calculate the position of the superblock.
         * It is always aligned to a 4K boundary and
         * depending on minor_version, it can be:
         * 0: At least 8K, but less than 12K, from end of device
         * 1: At start of device
         * 2: 4K from start of device.
         */
        switch(st->minor_version) {
        case 0:
                sb_offset = dsize;
                sb_offset -= 8*2;
                sb_offset &= ~(4*2-1);
                break;
        case 1:
                sb_offset = 0;
                break;
        case 2:
                sb_offset = 4*2;
                break;
        default:
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        ioctl(fd, BLKFLSBUF, 0); /* make sure we read current data */


        if (lseek64(fd, sb_offset << 9, 0)< 0LL) {
                if (devname)
                        fprintf(stderr, Name ": Cannot seek to superblock on %s: %s\n",
                                devname, strerror(errno));
                return 1;
        }

        super = malloc(1024 + sizeof(bitmap_super_t) +
                       sizeof(struct misc_dev_info));

        if (read(fd, super, 1024) != 1024) {
                if (devname)
                        fprintf(stderr, Name ": Cannot read superblock on %s\n",
                                devname);
                free(super);
                return 1;
        }

        if (__le32_to_cpu(super->magic) != MD_SB_MAGIC) {
                if (devname)
                        fprintf(stderr, Name ": No super block found on %s (Expected magic %08x, got %08x)\n",
                                devname, MD_SB_MAGIC, __le32_to_cpu(super->magic));
                free(super);
                return 2;
        }

        if (__le32_to_cpu(super->major_version) != 1) {
                if (devname)
                        fprintf(stderr, Name ": Cannot interpret superblock on %s - version is %d\n",
                                devname, __le32_to_cpu(super->major_version));
                free(super);
                return 2;
        }
        if (__le64_to_cpu(super->super_offset) != sb_offset) {
                if (devname)
                        fprintf(stderr, Name ": No superblock found on %s (super_offset is wrong)\n",
                                devname);
                free(super);
                return 2;
        }
        *sbp = super;

        bsb = (struct bitmap_super_s *)(((char*)super)+1024);

        misc = (struct misc_dev_info*) (bsb+1);
        misc->device_size = dsize;

        /* Now check on the bitmap superblock */
        if ((__le32_to_cpu(super->feature_map)&MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET) == 0)
                return 0;
        /* Read the bitmap superblock and make sure it looks
         * valid.  If it doesn't clear the bit.  An --assemble --force
         * should get that written out.
         */
        locate_bitmap1(st, fd, super);
        if (read(fd, ((char*)super)+1024, sizeof(struct bitmap_super_s))
            != sizeof(struct bitmap_super_s))
                goto no_bitmap;

        uuid_from_super1(uuid, super);
        if (__le32_to_cpu(bsb->magic) != BITMAP_MAGIC ||
            memcmp(bsb->uuid, uuid, 16) != 0)
                goto no_bitmap;
        return 0;

 no_bitmap:
        super->feature_map = __cpu_to_le32(__le32_to_cpu(super->feature_map) & ~1);
        return 0;
}


static struct supertype *match_metadata_desc1(char *arg)
{
        struct supertype *st = malloc(sizeof(*st));
        if (!st) return st;

        st->ss = &super1;
        st->max_devs = 384;
        if (strcmp(arg, "1") == 0 ||
            strcmp(arg, "1.0") == 0 ||
            strcmp(arg, "default/large") == 0) {
                st->minor_version = 0;
                return st;
        }
        if (strcmp(arg, "1.1") == 0) {
                st->minor_version = 1;
                return st;
        }
        if (strcmp(arg, "1.2") == 0) {
                st->minor_version = 2;
                return st;
        }

        free(st);
        return NULL;
}

/* find available size on device with this devsize, using
 * superblock type st, and reserving 'reserve' sectors for
 * a possible bitmap
 */
static __u64 avail_size1(struct supertype *st, __u64 devsize)
{
        if (devsize < 24)
                return 0;

        devsize -= choose_bm_space(devsize);

        switch(st->minor_version) {
        case 0:
                /* at end */
                return ((devsize - 8*2 ) & ~(4*2-1));
        case 1:
                /* at start, 4K for superblock and possible bitmap */
                return devsize - 4*2;
        case 2:
                /* 4k from start, 4K for superblock and possible bitmap */
                return devsize - (4+4)*2;
        }
        return 0;
}

static int
add_internal_bitmap1(struct supertype *st, void *sbv,
                     int *chunkp, int delay, int write_behind,
                     unsigned long long size,
                     int may_change, int major)
{
        /*
         * If not may_change, then this is a 'Grow', and the bitmap
         * must fit after the superblock.
         * If may_change, then this is create, and we can put the bitmap
         * before the superblock if we like, or may move the start.
         * If !may_change, the bitmap MUST live at offset of 1K, until
         * we get a sysfs interface.
         *
         * size is in sectors,  chunk is in bytes !!!
         */

        unsigned long long bits;
        unsigned long long max_bits;
        unsigned long long min_chunk;
        long offset;
        int chunk = *chunkp;
        int room = 0;
        struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = sbv;
        bitmap_super_t *bms = (bitmap_super_t*)(((char*)sb) + 1024);

        switch(st->minor_version) {
        case 0:
                /* either 3K after the superblock, or some amount of space
                 * before.
                 */
                if (may_change) {
                        /* We are creating array, so we *know* how much room has
                         * been left.
                         */
                        offset = 0;
                        room = choose_bm_space(__le64_to_cpu(sb->size));
                        if (room == 4*2) {
                                /* make it 3K after the superblock */
                                room = 3*2;
                                offset = 2;
                        }
                } else {
                        room = __le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset)
                                - __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset)
                                - __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_size);
                        /* remove '1 ||' when we can set offset via sysfs */
                        if (1 || (room < 3*2 &&
                                  __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev) <= 384)) {
                                room = 3*2;
                                offset = 1*2;
                        } else {
                                offset = 0; /* means movable offset */
                        }
                }
                break;
        case 1:
        case 2: /* between superblock and data */
                if (may_change) {
                        offset = 4*2;
                        room = choose_bm_space(__le64_to_cpu(sb->size));
                } else {
                        room = __le64_to_cpu(sb->data_offset)
                                - __le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset);
                        if (1 || __le32_to_cpu(sb->max_dev) <= 384) {
                                room -= 2;
                                offset = 2;
                        } else {
                                room -= 4*2;
                                offset = 4*2;
                        }
                }
                break;
        default:
                return 0;
        }

        if (chunk == UnSet && room > 128*2)
                /* Limit to 128K of bitmap when chunk size not requested */
                room = 128*2;

        max_bits = (room * 512 - sizeof(bitmap_super_t)) * 8;

        min_chunk = 4096; /* sub-page chunks don't work yet.. */
        bits = (size*512)/min_chunk +1;
        while (bits > max_bits) {
                min_chunk *= 2;
                bits = (bits+1)/2;
        }
        if (chunk == UnSet)
                chunk = min_chunk;
        else if (chunk < min_chunk)
                return 0; /* chunk size too small */
        if (chunk == 0) /* rounding problem */
                return 0;

        if (offset == 0) {
                bits = (size*512) / chunk + 1;
                room = ((bits+7)/8 + sizeof(bitmap_super_t) +511)/512;
                offset = -room;
        }

        sb->bitmap_offset = __cpu_to_le32(offset);

        sb->feature_map = __cpu_to_le32(__le32_to_cpu(sb->feature_map) | 1);
        memset(bms, 0, sizeof(*bms));
        bms->magic = __cpu_to_le32(BITMAP_MAGIC);
        bms->version = __cpu_to_le32(major);
        uuid_from_super1((int*)bms->uuid, sb);
        bms->chunksize = __cpu_to_le32(chunk);
        bms->daemon_sleep = __cpu_to_le32(delay);
        bms->sync_size = __cpu_to_le64(size);
        bms->write_behind = __cpu_to_le32(write_behind);

        *chunkp = chunk;
        return 1;
}


static void locate_bitmap1(struct supertype *st, int fd, void *sbv)
{
        unsigned long long offset;
        struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb;
        int mustfree = 0;

        if (!sbv) {
                if (st->ss->load_super(st, fd, &sbv, NULL))
                        return; /* no error I hope... */
                mustfree = 1;
        }
        sb = sbv;

        offset = __le64_to_cpu(sb->super_offset);
        offset += (long) __le32_to_cpu(sb->bitmap_offset);
        if (mustfree)
                free(sb);
        lseek64(fd, offset<<9, 0);
}

static int write_bitmap1(struct supertype *st, int fd, void *sbv)
{
        struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb = sbv;
        bitmap_super_t *bms = (bitmap_super_t*)(((char*)sb)+1024);
        int rv = 0;

        int towrite, n;
        char buf[4096];

        locate_bitmap1(st, fd, sbv);

        if (write(fd, ((char*)sb)+1024, sizeof(bitmap_super_t)) !=
            sizeof(bitmap_super_t))
                return -2;
        towrite = __le64_to_cpu(bms->sync_size) / (__le32_to_cpu(bms->chunksize)>>9);
        towrite = (towrite+7) >> 3; /* bits to bytes */
        memset(buf, 0xff, sizeof(buf));
        while (towrite > 0) {
                n = towrite;
                if (n > sizeof(buf))
                        n = sizeof(buf);
                n = write(fd, buf, n);
                if (n > 0)
                        towrite -= n;
                else
                        break;
        }
        fsync(fd);
        if (towrite)
                rv = -2;

        return rv;
}

struct superswitch super1 = {
#ifndef MDASSEMBLE
        .examine_super = examine_super1,
        .brief_examine_super = brief_examine_super1,
        .detail_super = detail_super1,
        .brief_detail_super = brief_detail_super1,
#endif
        .match_home = match_home1,
        .uuid_from_super = uuid_from_super1,
        .getinfo_super = getinfo_super1,
        .update_super = update_super1,
        .init_super = init_super1,
        .add_to_super = add_to_super1,
        .store_super = store_super1,
        .write_init_super = write_init_super1,
        .compare_super = compare_super1,
        .load_super = load_super1,
        .match_metadata_desc = match_metadata_desc1,
        .avail_size = avail_size1,
        .add_internal_bitmap = add_internal_bitmap1,
        .locate_bitmap = locate_bitmap1,
        .write_bitmap = write_bitmap1,
        .major = 1,
#if __BYTE_ORDER == BIG_ENDIAN
        .swapuuid = 0,
#else
        .swapuuid = 1,
#endif
};