util.c

   1 /*
   2  * mdadm - manage Linux "md" devices aka RAID arrays.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2001-2009 Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
   5  *
   6  *
   7  *    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   8  *    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   9  *    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  10  *    (at your option) any later version.
  11  *
  12  *    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  13  *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  14  *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  15  *    GNU General Public License for more details.
  16  *
  17  *    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  18  *    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  19  *    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
  20  *
  21  *    Author: Neil Brown
  22  *    Email: <neilb@suse.de>
  23  */
  24
  25 #include        "mdadm.h"
  26 #include        "md_p.h"
  27 #include        <sys/socket.h>
  28 #include        <sys/utsname.h>
  29 #include        <sys/wait.h>
  30 #include        <sys/un.h>
  31 #include        <ctype.h>
  32 #include        <dirent.h>
  33 #include        <signal.h>
  34
  35 /*
  36  * following taken from linux/blkpg.h because they aren't
  37  * anywhere else and it isn't safe to #include linux/ * stuff.
  38  */
  39
  40 #define BLKPG      _IO(0x12,105)
  41
  42 /* The argument structure */
  43 struct blkpg_ioctl_arg {
  44         int op;
  45         int flags;
  46         int datalen;
  47         void *data;
  48 };
  49
  50 /* The subfunctions (for the op field) */
  51 #define BLKPG_ADD_PARTITION     1
  52 #define BLKPG_DEL_PARTITION     2
  53
  54 /* Sizes of name fields. Unused at present. */
  55 #define BLKPG_DEVNAMELTH        64
  56 #define BLKPG_VOLNAMELTH        64
  57
  58 /* The data structure for ADD_PARTITION and DEL_PARTITION */
  59 struct blkpg_partition {
  60         long long start;                /* starting offset in bytes */
  61         long long length;               /* length in bytes */
  62         int pno;                        /* partition number */
  63         char devname[BLKPG_DEVNAMELTH]; /* partition name, like sda5 or c0d1p2,
  64                                            to be used in kernel messages */
  65         char volname[BLKPG_VOLNAMELTH]; /* volume label */
  66 };
  67
  68 /* partition table structures so we can check metadata position
  69  * against the end of the last partition.
  70  * Only handle MBR ant GPT partition tables.
  71  */
  72 struct MBR_part_record {
  73   __u8 bootable;
  74   __u8 first_head;
  75   __u8 first_sector;
  76   __u8 first_cyl;
  77   __u8 part_type;
  78   __u8 last_head;
  79   __u8 last_sector;
  80   __u8 last_cyl;
  81   __u32 first_sect_lba;
  82   __u32 blocks_num;
  83 };
  84
  85 struct GPT_part_entry {
  86   unsigned char type_guid[16];
  87   unsigned char partition_guid[16];
  88   unsigned char starting_lba[8];
  89   unsigned char ending_lba[8];
  90   unsigned char attr_bits[8];
  91   unsigned char name[72];
  92 };
  93
  94 /* MBR/GPT magic numbers */
  95 #define MBR_SIGNATURE_MAGIC     __cpu_to_le16(0xAA55)
  96 #define GPT_SIGNATURE_MAGIC     __cpu_to_le64(0x5452415020494645ULL)
  97
  98 #define MBR_SIGNATURE_OFFSET         510
  99 #define MBR_PARTITION_TABLE_OFFSET   446
 100 #define MBR_PARTITIONS               4
 101 #define MBR_GPT_PARTITION_TYPE       0xEE
 102 #define GPT_ALL_PARTITIONS_OFFSET    80
 103 #define GPT_ENTRY_SIZE_OFFSET        84
 104
 105 /*
 106  * Parse a 128 bit uuid in 4 integers
 107  * format is 32 hexx nibbles with options :.<space> separator
 108  * If not exactly 32 hex digits are found, return 0
 109  * else return 1
 110  */
 111 int parse_uuid(char *str, int uuid[4])
 112 {
 113         int hit = 0; /* number of Hex digIT */
 114         int i;
 115         char c;
 116         for (i=0; i<4; i++) uuid[i]=0;
 117
 118         while ((c= *str++)) {
 119                 int n;
 120                 if (c>='0' && c<='9')
 121                         n = c-'0';
 122                 else if (c>='a' && c <= 'f')
 123                         n = 10 + c - 'a';
 124                 else if (c>='A' && c <= 'F')
 125                         n = 10 + c - 'A';
 126                 else if (strchr(":. -", c))
 127                         continue;
 128                 else return 0;
 129
 130                 if (hit<32) {
 131                         uuid[hit/8] <<= 4;
 132                         uuid[hit/8] += n;
 133                 }
 134                 hit++;
 135         }
 136         if (hit == 32)
 137                 return 1;
 138         return 0;
 139 }
 140
 141
 142 /*
 143  * Get the md version number.
 144  * We use the RAID_VERSION ioctl if it is supported
 145  * If not, but we have a block device with major '9', we assume
 146  * 0.36.0
 147  *
 148  * Return version number as 24 but number - assume version parts
 149  * always < 255
 150  */
 151
 152 int md_get_version(int fd)
 153 {
 154     struct stat stb;
 155     mdu_version_t vers;
 156
 157     if (fstat(fd, &stb)<0)
 158         return -1;
 159     if ((S_IFMT&stb.st_mode) != S_IFBLK)
 160         return -1;
 161
 162     if (ioctl(fd, RAID_VERSION, &vers) == 0)
 163         return  (vers.major*10000) + (vers.minor*100) + vers.patchlevel;
 164     if (errno == EACCES)
 165             return -1;
 166     if (major(stb.st_rdev) == MD_MAJOR)
 167         return (3600);
 168     return -1;
 169 }
 170
 171 int get_linux_version()
 172 {
 173         struct utsname name;
 174         char *cp;
 175         int a,b,c;
 176         if (uname(&name) <0)
 177                 return -1;
 178
 179         cp = name.release;
 180         a = strtoul(cp, &cp, 10);
 181         if (*cp != '.') return -1;
 182         b = strtoul(cp+1, &cp, 10);
 183         if (*cp != '.') return -1;
 184         c = strtoul(cp+1, NULL, 10);
 185
 186         return (a*1000000)+(b*1000)+c;
 187 }
 188
 189 #ifndef MDASSEMBLE
 190 long long parse_size(char *size)
 191 {
 192         /* parse 'size' which should be a number optionally
 193          * followed by 'K', 'M', or 'G'.
 194          * Without a suffix, K is assumed.
 195          * Number returned is in sectors (half-K)
 196          */
 197         char *c;
 198         long long s = strtoll(size, &c, 10);
 199         if (s > 0) {
 200                 switch (*c) {
 201                 case 'K':
 202                         c++;
 203                 default:
 204                         s *= 2;
 205                         break;
 206                 case 'M':
 207                         c++;
 208                         s *= 1024 * 2;
 209                         break;
 210                 case 'G':
 211                         c++;
 212                         s *= 1024 * 1024 * 2;
 213                         break;
 214                 }
 215         }
 216         if (*c)
 217                 s = 0;
 218         return s;
 219 }
 220
 221 int parse_layout_10(char *layout)
 222 {
 223         int copies, rv;
 224         char *cp;
 225         /* Parse the layout string for raid10 */
 226         /* 'f', 'o' or 'n' followed by a number <= raid_disks */
 227         if ((layout[0] !=  'n' && layout[0] != 'f' && layout[0] != 'o') ||
 228             (copies = strtoul(layout+1, &cp, 10)) < 1 ||
 229             copies > 200 ||
 230             *cp)
 231                 return -1;
 232         if (layout[0] == 'n')
 233                 rv = 256 + copies;
 234         else if (layout[0] == 'o')
 235                 rv = 0x10000 + (copies<<8) + 1;
 236         else
 237                 rv = 1 + (copies<<8);
 238         return rv;
 239 }
 240
 241 int parse_layout_faulty(char *layout)
 242 {
 243         /* Parse the layout string for 'faulty' */
 244         int ln = strcspn(layout, "0123456789");
 245         char *m = strdup(layout);
 246         int mode;
 247         m[ln] = 0;
 248         mode = map_name(faultylayout, m);
 249         if (mode == UnSet)
 250                 return -1;
 251
 252         return mode | (atoi(layout+ln)<< ModeShift);
 253 }
 254 #endif
 255
 256 void remove_partitions(int fd)
 257 {
 258         /* remove partitions from this block devices.
 259          * This is used for components added to an array
 260          */
 261 #ifdef BLKPG_DEL_PARTITION
 262         struct blkpg_ioctl_arg a;
 263         struct blkpg_partition p;
 264
 265         a.op = BLKPG_DEL_PARTITION;
 266         a.data = (void*)&p;
 267         a.datalen = sizeof(p);
 268         a.flags = 0;
 269         memset(a.data, 0, a.datalen);
 270         for (p.pno=0; p.pno < 16; p.pno++)
 271                 ioctl(fd, BLKPG, &a);
 272 #endif
 273 }
 274
 275 int enough(int level, int raid_disks, int layout, int clean,
 276            char *avail, int avail_disks)
 277 {
 278         int copies, first;
 279         switch (level) {
 280         case 10:
 281                 /* This is the tricky one - we need to check
 282                  * which actual disks are present.
 283                  */
 284                 copies = (layout&255)* ((layout>>8) & 255);
 285                 first=0;
 286                 do {
 287                         /* there must be one of the 'copies' form 'first' */
 288                         int n = copies;
 289                         int cnt=0;
 290                         while (n--) {
 291                                 if (avail[first])
 292                                         cnt++;
 293                                 first = (first+1) % raid_disks;
 294                         }
 295                         if (cnt == 0)
 296                                 return 0;
 297
 298                 } while (first != 0);
 299                 return 1;
 300
 301         case LEVEL_MULTIPATH:
 302                 return avail_disks>= 1;
 303         case LEVEL_LINEAR:
 304         case 0:
 305                 return avail_disks == raid_disks;
 306         case 1:
 307                 return avail_disks >= 1;
 308         case 4:
 309         case 5:
 310                 if (clean)
 311                         return avail_disks >= raid_disks-1;
 312                 else
 313                         return avail_disks >= raid_disks;
 314         case 6:
 315                 if (clean)
 316                         return avail_disks >= raid_disks-2;
 317                 else
 318                         return avail_disks >= raid_disks;
 319         default:
 320                 return 0;
 321         }
 322 }
 323
 324 const int uuid_match_any[4] = { ~0, ~0, ~0, ~0 };
 325 int same_uuid(int a[4], int b[4], int swapuuid)
 326 {
 327         if (memcmp(a, uuid_match_any, sizeof(int[4])) == 0 ||
 328             memcmp(b, uuid_match_any, sizeof(int[4])) == 0)
 329                 return 1;
 330
 331         if (swapuuid) {
 332                 /* parse uuids are hostendian.
 333                  * uuid's from some superblocks are big-ending
 334                  * if there is a difference, we need to swap..
 335                  */
 336                 unsigned char *ac = (unsigned char *)a;
 337                 unsigned char *bc = (unsigned char *)b;
 338                 int i;
 339                 for (i=0; i<16; i+= 4) {
 340                         if (ac[i+0] != bc[i+3] ||
 341                             ac[i+1] != bc[i+2] ||
 342                             ac[i+2] != bc[i+1] ||
 343                             ac[i+3] != bc[i+0])
 344                                 return 0;
 345                 }
 346                 return 1;
 347         } else {
 348                 if (a[0]==b[0] &&
 349                     a[1]==b[1] &&
 350                     a[2]==b[2] &&
 351                     a[3]==b[3])
 352                         return 1;
 353                 return 0;
 354         }
 355 }
 356 void copy_uuid(void *a, int b[4], int swapuuid)
 357 {
 358         if (swapuuid) {
 359                 /* parse uuids are hostendian.
 360                  * uuid's from some superblocks are big-ending
 361                  * if there is a difference, we need to swap..
 362                  */
 363                 unsigned char *ac = (unsigned char *)a;
 364                 unsigned char *bc = (unsigned char *)b;
 365                 int i;
 366                 for (i=0; i<16; i+= 4) {
 367                         ac[i+0] = bc[i+3];
 368                         ac[i+1] = bc[i+2];
 369                         ac[i+2] = bc[i+1];
 370                         ac[i+3] = bc[i+0];
 371                 }
 372         } else
 373                 memcpy(a, b, 16);
 374 }
 375
 376 char *__fname_from_uuid(int id[4], int swap, char *buf, char sep)
 377 {
 378         int i, j;
 379         char uuid[16];
 380         char *c = buf;
 381         strcpy(c, "UUID-");
 382         c += strlen(c);
 383         copy_uuid(uuid, id, swap);
 384         for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 385                 if (i)
 386                         *c++ = sep;
 387                 for (j = 3; j >= 0; j--) {
 388                         sprintf(c,"%02x", (unsigned char) uuid[j+4*i]);
 389                         c+= 2;
 390                 }
 391         }
 392         return buf;
 393
 394 }
 395
 396 char *fname_from_uuid(struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info, char *buf, char sep)
 397 {
 398         return __fname_from_uuid(info->uuid, st->ss->swapuuid, buf, sep);
 399 }
 400
 401 #ifndef MDASSEMBLE
 402 int check_ext2(int fd, char *name)
 403 {
 404         /*
 405          * Check for an ext2fs file system.
 406          * Superblock is always 1K at 1K offset
 407          *
 408          * s_magic is le16 at 56 == 0xEF53
 409          * report mtime - le32 at 44
 410          * blocks - le32 at 4
 411          * logblksize - le32 at 24
 412          */
 413         unsigned char sb[1024];
 414         time_t mtime;
 415         int size, bsize;
 416         if (lseek(fd, 1024,0)!= 1024)
 417                 return 0;
 418         if (read(fd, sb, 1024)!= 1024)
 419                 return 0;
 420         if (sb[56] != 0x53 || sb[57] != 0xef)
 421                 return 0;
 422
 423         mtime = sb[44]|(sb[45]|(sb[46]|sb[47]<<8)<<8)<<8;
 424         bsize = sb[24]|(sb[25]|(sb[26]|sb[27]<<8)<<8)<<8;
 425         size = sb[4]|(sb[5]|(sb[6]|sb[7]<<8)<<8)<<8;
 426         fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s appears to contain an ext2fs file system\n",
 427                 name);
 428         fprintf(stderr,"    size=%dK  mtime=%s",
 429                 size*(1<<bsize), ctime(&mtime));
 430         return 1;
 431 }
 432
 433 int check_reiser(int fd, char *name)
 434 {
 435         /*
 436          * superblock is at 64K
 437          * size is 1024;
 438          * Magic string "ReIsErFs" or "ReIsEr2Fs" at 52
 439          *
 440          */
 441         unsigned char sb[1024];
 442         unsigned long size;
 443         if (lseek(fd, 64*1024, 0) != 64*1024)
 444                 return 0;
 445         if (read(fd, sb, 1024) != 1024)
 446                 return 0;
 447         if (strncmp((char*)sb+52, "ReIsErFs",8)!=0 &&
 448             strncmp((char*)sb+52, "ReIsEr2Fs",9)!=0)
 449                 return 0;
 450         fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s appears to contain a reiserfs file system\n",name);
 451         size = sb[0]|(sb[1]|(sb[2]|sb[3]<<8)<<8)<<8;
 452         fprintf(stderr, "    size = %luK\n", size*4);
 453
 454         return 1;
 455 }
 456
 457 int check_raid(int fd, char *name)
 458 {
 459         struct mdinfo info;
 460         time_t crtime;
 461         char *level;
 462         struct supertype *st = guess_super(fd);
 463
 464         if (!st) return 0;
 465         st->ss->load_super(st, fd, name);
 466         /* Looks like a raid array .. */
 467         fprintf(stderr, Name ": %s appears to be part of a raid array:\n",
 468                 name);
 469         st->ss->getinfo_super(st, &info);
 470         st->ss->free_super(st);
 471         crtime = info.array.ctime;
 472         level = map_num(pers, info.array.level);
 473         if (!level) level = "-unknown-";
 474         fprintf(stderr, "    level=%s devices=%d ctime=%s",
 475                 level, info.array.raid_disks, ctime(&crtime));
 476         return 1;
 477 }
 478
 479 int ask(char *mesg)
 480 {
 481         char *add = "";
 482         int i;
 483         for (i=0; i<5; i++) {
 484                 char buf[100];
 485                 fprintf(stderr, "%s%s", mesg, add);
 486                 fflush(stderr);
 487                 if (fgets(buf, 100, stdin)==NULL)
 488                         return 0;
 489                 if (buf[0]=='y' || buf[0]=='Y')
 490                         return 1;
 491                 if (buf[0]=='n' || buf[0]=='N')
 492                         return 0;
 493                 add = "(y/n) ";
 494         }
 495         fprintf(stderr, Name ": assuming 'no'\n");
 496         return 0;
 497 }
 498 #endif /* MDASSEMBLE */
 499
 500 char *map_num(mapping_t *map, int num)
 501 {
 502         while (map->name) {
 503                 if (map->num == num)
 504                         return map->name;
 505                 map++;
 506         }
 507         return NULL;
 508 }
 509
 510 int map_name(mapping_t *map, char *name)
 511 {
 512         while (map->name) {
 513                 if (strcmp(map->name, name)==0)
 514                         return map->num;
 515                 map++;
 516         }
 517         return UnSet;
 518 }
 519
 520
 521 int is_standard(char *dev, int *nump)
 522 {
 523         /* tests if dev is a "standard" md dev name.
 524          * i.e if the last component is "/dNN" or "/mdNN",
 525          * where NN is a string of digits
 526          * Returns 1 if a partitionable standard,
 527          *   -1 if non-partitonable,
 528          *   0 if not a standard name.
 529          */
 530         char *d = strrchr(dev, '/');
 531         int type=0;
 532         int num;
 533         if (!d)
 534                 return 0;
 535         if (strncmp(d, "/d",2)==0)
 536                 d += 2, type=1; /* /dev/md/dN{pM} */
 537         else if (strncmp(d, "/md_d", 5)==0)
 538                 d += 5, type=1; /* /dev/md_dN{pM} */
 539         else if (strncmp(d, "/md", 3)==0)
 540                 d += 3, type=-1; /* /dev/mdN */
 541         else if (d-dev > 3 && strncmp(d-2, "md/", 3)==0)
 542                 d += 1, type=-1; /* /dev/md/N */
 543         else
 544                 return 0;
 545         if (!*d)
 546                 return 0;
 547         num = atoi(d);
 548         while (isdigit(*d))
 549                 d++;
 550         if (*d)
 551                 return 0;
 552         if (nump) *nump = num;
 553
 554         return type;
 555 }
 556
 557
 558 /*
 559  * convert a major/minor pair for a block device into a name in /dev, if possible.
 560  * On the first call, walk /dev collecting name.
 561  * Put them in a simple linked listfor now.
 562  */
 563 struct devmap {
 564     int major, minor;
 565     char *name;
 566     struct devmap *next;
 567 } *devlist = NULL;
 568 int devlist_ready = 0;
 569
 570 int add_dev(const char *name, const struct stat *stb, int flag, struct FTW *s)
 571 {
 572         struct stat st;
 573
 574         if (S_ISLNK(stb->st_mode)) {
 575                 if (stat(name, &st) != 0)
 576                         return 0;
 577                 stb = &st;
 578         }
 579
 580         if ((stb->st_mode&S_IFMT)== S_IFBLK) {
 581                 char *n = strdup(name);
 582                 struct devmap *dm = malloc(sizeof(*dm));
 583                 if (strncmp(n, "/dev/./", 7)==0)
 584                         strcpy(n+4, name+6);
 585                 if (dm) {
 586                         dm->major = major(stb->st_rdev);
 587                         dm->minor = minor(stb->st_rdev);
 588                         dm->name = n;
 589                         dm->next = devlist;
 590                         devlist = dm;
 591                 }
 592         }
 593         return 0;
 594 }
 595
 596 #ifndef HAVE_NFTW
 597 #ifdef HAVE_FTW
 598 int add_dev_1(const char *name, const struct stat *stb, int flag)
 599 {
 600         return add_dev(name, stb, flag, NULL);
 601 }
 602 int nftw(const char *path, int (*han)(const char *name, const struct stat *stb, int flag, struct FTW *s), int nopenfd, int flags)
 603 {
 604         return ftw(path, add_dev_1, nopenfd);
 605 }
 606 #else
 607 int nftw(const char *path, int (*han)(const char *name, const struct stat *stb, int flag, struct FTW *s), int nopenfd, int flags)
 608 {
 609         return 0;
 610 }
 611 #endif /* HAVE_FTW */
 612 #endif /* HAVE_NFTW */
 613
 614 /*
 615  * Find a block device with the right major/minor number.
 616  * If we find multiple names, choose the shortest.
 617  * If we find a name in /dev/md/, we prefer that.
 618  * This applies only to names for MD devices.
 619  */
 620 char *map_dev(int major, int minor, int create)
 621 {
 622         struct devmap *p;
 623         char *regular = NULL, *preferred=NULL;
 624         int did_check = 0;
 625
 626         if (major == 0 && minor == 0)
 627                         return NULL;
 628
 629  retry:
 630         if (!devlist_ready) {
 631                 char *dev = "/dev";
 632                 struct stat stb;
 633                 while(devlist) {
 634                         struct devmap *d = devlist;
 635                         devlist = d->next;
 636                         free(d->name);
 637                         free(d);
 638                 }
 639                 if (lstat(dev, &stb)==0 &&
 640                     S_ISLNK(stb.st_mode))
 641                         dev = "/dev/.";
 642                 nftw(dev, add_dev, 10, FTW_PHYS);
 643                 devlist_ready=1;
 644                 did_check = 1;
 645         }
 646
 647         for (p=devlist; p; p=p->next)
 648                 if (p->major == major &&
 649                     p->minor == minor) {
 650                         if (strncmp(p->name, "/dev/md/",8) == 0) {
 651                                 if (preferred == NULL ||
 652                                     strlen(p->name) < strlen(preferred))
 653                                         preferred = p->name;
 654                         } else {
 655                                 if (regular == NULL ||
 656                                     strlen(p->name) < strlen(regular))
 657                                         regular = p->name;
 658                         }
 659                 }
 660         if (!regular && !preferred && !did_check) {
 661                 devlist_ready = 0;
 662                 goto retry;
 663         }
 664         if (create && !regular && !preferred) {
 665                 static char buf[30];
 666                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d:%d", major, minor);
 667                 regular = buf;
 668         }
 669
 670         return preferred ? preferred : regular;
 671 }
 672
 673 unsigned long calc_csum(void *super, int bytes)
 674 {
 675         unsigned long long newcsum = 0;
 676         int i;
 677         unsigned int csum;
 678         unsigned int *superc = (unsigned int*) super;
 679
 680         for(i=0; i<bytes/4; i++)
 681                 newcsum+= superc[i];
 682         csum = (newcsum& 0xffffffff) + (newcsum>>32);
 683 #ifdef __alpha__
 684 /* The in-kernel checksum calculation is always 16bit on
 685  * the alpha, though it is 32 bit on i386...
 686  * I wonder what it is elsewhere... (it uses and API in
 687  * a way that it shouldn't).
 688  */
 689         csum = (csum & 0xffff) + (csum >> 16);
 690         csum = (csum & 0xffff) + (csum >> 16);
 691 #endif
 692         return csum;
 693 }
 694
 695 #ifndef MDASSEMBLE
 696 char *human_size(long long bytes)
 697 {
 698         static char buf[30];
 699
 700         /* We convert bytes to either centi-M{ega,ibi}bytes or
 701          * centi-G{igi,ibi}bytes, with appropriate rounding,
 702          * and then print 1/100th of those as a decimal.
 703          * We allow upto 2048Megabytes before converting to
 704          * gigabytes, as that shows more precision and isn't
 705          * too large a number.
 706          * Terrabytes are not yet handled.
 707          */
 708
 709         if (bytes < 5000*1024)
 710                 buf[0]=0;
 711         else if (bytes < 2*1024LL*1024LL*1024LL) {
 712                 long cMiB = (bytes / ( (1LL<<20) / 200LL ) +1) /2;
 713                 long cMB  = (bytes / ( 1000000LL / 200LL ) +1) /2;
 714                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), " (%ld.%02ld MiB %ld.%02ld MB)",
 715                         cMiB/100 , cMiB % 100,
 716                         cMB/100, cMB % 100);
 717         } else {
 718                 long cGiB = (bytes / ( (1LL<<30) / 200LL ) +1) /2;
 719                 long cGB  = (bytes / (1000000000LL/200LL ) +1) /2;
 720                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), " (%ld.%02ld GiB %ld.%02ld GB)",
 721                         cGiB/100 , cGiB % 100,
 722                         cGB/100, cGB % 100);
 723         }
 724         return buf;
 725 }
 726
 727 char *human_size_brief(long long bytes)
 728 {
 729         static char buf[30];
 730
 731         if (bytes < 5000*1024)
 732                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%ld.%02ldKiB",
 733                         (long)(bytes>>10), (long)(((bytes&1023)*100+512)/1024)
 734                         );
 735         else if (bytes < 2*1024LL*1024LL*1024LL)
 736                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%ld.%02ldMiB",
 737                         (long)(bytes>>20),
 738                         (long)((bytes&0xfffff)+0x100000/200)/(0x100000/100)
 739                         );
 740         else
 741                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%ld.%02ldGiB",
 742                         (long)(bytes>>30),
 743                         (long)(((bytes>>10)&0xfffff)+0x100000/200)/(0x100000/100)
 744                         );
 745         return buf;
 746 }
 747
 748 void print_r10_layout(int layout)
 749 {
 750         int near = layout & 255;
 751         int far = (layout >> 8) & 255;
 752         int offset = (layout&0x10000);
 753         char *sep = "";
 754
 755         if (near != 1) {
 756                 printf("%s near=%d", sep, near);
 757                 sep = ",";
 758         }
 759         if (far != 1)
 760                 printf("%s %s=%d", sep, offset?"offset":"far", far);
 761         if (near*far == 1)
 762                 printf("NO REDUNDANCY");
 763 }
 764 #endif
 765
 766 unsigned long long calc_array_size(int level, int raid_disks, int layout,
 767                                    int chunksize, unsigned long long devsize)
 768 {
 769         int data_disks = 0;
 770         switch (level) {
 771         case 0: data_disks = raid_disks; break;
 772         case 1: data_disks = 1; break;
 773         case 4:
 774         case 5: data_disks = raid_disks - 1; break;
 775         case 6: data_disks = raid_disks - 2; break;
 776         case 10: data_disks = raid_disks / (layout & 255) / ((layout>>8)&255);
 777                 break;
 778         }
 779         devsize &= ~(unsigned long long)((chunksize>>9)-1);
 780         return data_disks * devsize;
 781 }
 782
 783 int get_mdp_major(void)
 784 {
 785 static int mdp_major = -1;
 786         FILE *fl;
 787         char *w;
 788         int have_block = 0;
 789         int have_devices = 0;
 790         int last_num = -1;
 791
 792         if (mdp_major != -1)
 793                 return mdp_major;
 794         fl = fopen("/proc/devices", "r");
 795         if (!fl)
 796                 return -1;
 797         while ((w = conf_word(fl, 1))) {
 798                 if (have_block && strcmp(w, "devices:")==0)
 799                         have_devices = 1;
 800                 have_block =  (strcmp(w, "Block")==0);
 801                 if (isdigit(w[0]))
 802                         last_num = atoi(w);
 803                 if (have_devices && strcmp(w, "mdp")==0)
 804                         mdp_major = last_num;
 805                 free(w);
 806         }
 807         fclose(fl);
 808         return mdp_major;
 809 }
 810
 811 #if !defined(MDASSEMBLE) || defined(MDASSEMBLE) && defined(MDASSEMBLE_AUTO)
 812 char *get_md_name(int dev)
 813 {
 814         /* find /dev/md%d or /dev/md/%d or make a device /dev/.tmp.md%d */
 815         /* if dev < 0, want /dev/md/d%d or find mdp in /proc/devices ... */
 816         static char devname[50];
 817         struct stat stb;
 818         dev_t rdev;
 819         char *dn;
 820
 821         if (dev < 0) {
 822                 int mdp =  get_mdp_major();
 823                 if (mdp < 0) return NULL;
 824                 rdev = makedev(mdp, (-1-dev)<<6);
 825                 snprintf(devname, sizeof(devname), "/dev/md/d%d", -1-dev);
 826                 if (stat(devname, &stb) == 0
 827                     && (S_IFMT&stb.st_mode) == S_IFBLK
 828                     && (stb.st_rdev == rdev))
 829                         return devname;
 830         } else {
 831                 rdev = makedev(MD_MAJOR, dev);
 832                 snprintf(devname, sizeof(devname), "/dev/md%d", dev);
 833                 if (stat(devname, &stb) == 0
 834                     && (S_IFMT&stb.st_mode) == S_IFBLK
 835                     && (stb.st_rdev == rdev))
 836                         return devname;
 837
 838                 snprintf(devname, sizeof(devname), "/dev/md/%d", dev);
 839                 if (stat(devname, &stb) == 0
 840                     && (S_IFMT&stb.st_mode) == S_IFBLK
 841                     && (stb.st_rdev == rdev))
 842                         return devname;
 843         }
 844         dn = map_dev(major(rdev), minor(rdev), 0);
 845         if (dn)
 846                 return dn;
 847         snprintf(devname, sizeof(devname), "/dev/.tmp.md%d", dev);
 848         if (mknod(devname, S_IFBLK | 0600, rdev) == -1)
 849                 if (errno != EEXIST)
 850                         return NULL;
 851
 852         if (stat(devname, &stb) == 0
 853             && (S_IFMT&stb.st_mode) == S_IFBLK
 854             && (stb.st_rdev == rdev))
 855                 return devname;
 856         unlink(devname);
 857         return NULL;
 858 }
 859
 860 void put_md_name(char *name)
 861 {
 862         if (strncmp(name, "/dev/.tmp.md", 12)==0)
 863                 unlink(name);
 864 }
 865
 866 int find_free_devnum(int use_partitions)
 867 {
 868         int devnum;
 869         for (devnum = 127; devnum != 128;
 870              devnum = devnum ? devnum-1 : (1<<20)-1) {
 871                 char *dn;
 872                 int _devnum;
 873
 874                 _devnum = use_partitions ? (-1-devnum) : devnum;
 875                 if (mddev_busy(_devnum))
 876                         continue;
 877                 /* make sure it is new to /dev too, at least as a
 878                  * non-standard */
 879                 dn = map_dev(dev2major(_devnum), dev2minor(_devnum), 0);
 880                 if (dn && ! is_standard(dn, NULL))
 881                         continue;
 882                 break;
 883         }
 884         if (devnum == 128)
 885                 return NoMdDev;
 886         return use_partitions ? (-1-devnum) : devnum;
 887 }
 888 #endif /* !defined(MDASSEMBLE) || defined(MDASSEMBLE) && defined(MDASSEMBLE_AUTO) */
 889
 890 int dev_open(char *dev, int flags)
 891 {
 892         /* like 'open', but if 'dev' matches %d:%d, create a temp
 893          * block device and open that
 894          */
 895         char *e;
 896         int fd = -1;
 897         char devname[32];
 898         int major;
 899         int minor;
 900
 901         if (!dev) return -1;
 902
 903         major = strtoul(dev, &e, 0);
 904         if (e > dev && *e == ':' && e[1] &&
 905             (minor = strtoul(e+1, &e, 0)) >= 0 &&
 906             *e == 0) {
 907                 snprintf(devname, sizeof(devname), "/dev/.tmp.md.%d:%d:%d",
 908                          (int)getpid(), major, minor);
 909                 if (mknod(devname, S_IFBLK|0600, makedev(major, minor))==0) {
 910                         fd = open(devname, flags|O_DIRECT);
 911                         unlink(devname);
 912                 }
 913         } else
 914                 fd = open(dev, flags|O_DIRECT);
 915         return fd;
 916 }
 917
 918 int open_dev(int devnum)
 919 {
 920         char buf[20];
 921
 922         sprintf(buf, "%d:%d", dev2major(devnum), dev2minor(devnum));
 923         return dev_open(buf, O_RDWR);
 924 }
 925
 926 int open_dev_excl(int devnum)
 927 {
 928         char buf[20];
 929         int i;
 930
 931         sprintf(buf, "%d:%d", dev2major(devnum), dev2minor(devnum));
 932         for (i=0 ; i<25 ; i++) {
 933                 int fd = dev_open(buf, O_RDWR|O_EXCL);
 934                 if (fd >= 0)
 935                         return fd;
 936                 if (errno != EBUSY)
 937                         return fd;
 938                 usleep(200000);
 939         }
 940         return -1;
 941 }
 942
 943 int same_dev(char *one, char *two)
 944 {
 945         struct stat st1, st2;
 946         if (stat(one, &st1) != 0)
 947                 return 0;
 948         if (stat(two, &st2) != 0)
 949                 return 0;
 950         if ((st1.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFBLK)
 951                 return 0;
 952         if ((st2.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFBLK)
 953                 return 0;
 954         return st1.st_rdev == st2.st_rdev;
 955 }
 956
 957 void wait_for(char *dev, int fd)
 958 {
 959         int i;
 960         struct stat stb_want;
 961
 962         if (fstat(fd, &stb_want) != 0 ||
 963             (stb_want.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFBLK)
 964                 return;
 965
 966         for (i=0 ; i<25 ; i++) {
 967                 struct stat stb;
 968                 if (stat(dev, &stb) == 0 &&
 969                     (stb.st_mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFBLK &&
 970                     (stb.st_rdev == stb_want.st_rdev))
 971                         return;
 972                 usleep(200000);
 973         }
 974         if (i == 25)
 975                 dprintf("%s: timeout waiting for %s\n", __func__, dev);
 976 }
 977
 978 struct superswitch *superlist[] = { &super0, &super1, &super_ddf, &super_imsm, NULL };
 979
 980 #if !defined(MDASSEMBLE) || defined(MDASSEMBLE) && defined(MDASSEMBLE_AUTO)
 981
 982 struct supertype *super_by_fd(int fd)
 983 {
 984         mdu_array_info_t array;
 985         int vers;
 986         int minor;
 987         struct supertype *st = NULL;
 988         struct mdinfo *sra;
 989         char *verstr;
 990         char version[20];
 991         int i;
 992         char *subarray = NULL;
 993
 994         sra = sysfs_read(fd, 0, GET_VERSION);
 995
 996         if (sra) {
 997                 vers = sra->array.major_version;
 998                 minor = sra->array.minor_version;
 999                 verstr = sra->text_version;
1000         } else {
1001                 if (ioctl(fd, GET_ARRAY_INFO, &array))
1002                         array.major_version = array.minor_version = 0;
1003                 vers = array.major_version;
1004                 minor = array.minor_version;
1005                 verstr = "";
1006         }
1007
1008         if (vers != -1) {
1009                 sprintf(version, "%d.%d", vers, minor);
1010                 verstr = version;
1011         }
1012         if (minor == -2 && is_subarray(verstr)) {
1013                 char *dev = verstr+1;
1014                 subarray = strchr(dev, '/');
1015                 int devnum;
1016                 if (subarray)
1017                         *subarray++ = '\0';
1018                 devnum = devname2devnum(dev);
1019                 subarray = strdup(subarray);
1020                 if (sra)
1021                         sysfs_free(sra);
1022                 sra = sysfs_read(-1, devnum, GET_VERSION);
1023                 if (sra && sra->text_version[0])
1024                         verstr = sra->text_version;
1025                 else
1026                         verstr = "-no-metadata-";
1027         }
1028
1029         for (i = 0; st == NULL && superlist[i] ; i++)
1030                 st = superlist[i]->match_metadata_desc(verstr);
1031
1032         if (sra)
1033                 sysfs_free(sra);
1034         if (st) {
1035                 st->sb = NULL;
1036                 if (subarray) {
1037                         strncpy(st->subarray, subarray, 32);
1038                         st->subarray[31] = 0;
1039                         free(subarray);
1040                 } else
1041                         st->subarray[0] = 0;
1042         }
1043         return st;
1044 }
1045 #endif /* !defined(MDASSEMBLE) || defined(MDASSEMBLE) && defined(MDASSEMBLE_AUTO) */
1046
1047
1048 struct supertype *dup_super(struct supertype *orig)
1049 {
1050         struct supertype *st;
1051
1052         if (!orig)
1053                 return orig;
1054         st = malloc(sizeof(*st));
1055         if (!st)
1056                 return st;
1057         memset(st, 0, sizeof(*st));
1058         st->ss = orig->ss;
1059         st->max_devs = orig->max_devs;
1060         st->minor_version = orig->minor_version;
1061         strcpy(st->subarray, orig->subarray);
1062         st->sb = NULL;
1063         st->info = NULL;
1064         return st;
1065 }
1066
1067 struct supertype *guess_super(int fd)
1068 {
1069         /* try each load_super to find the best match,
1070          * and return the best superswitch
1071          */
1072         struct superswitch  *ss;
1073         struct supertype *st;
1074         unsigned long besttime = 0;
1075         int bestsuper = -1;
1076         int i;
1077
1078         st = malloc(sizeof(*st));
1079         for (i=0 ; superlist[i]; i++) {
1080                 int rv;
1081                 ss = superlist[i];
1082                 memset(st, 0, sizeof(*st));
1083                 rv = ss->load_super(st, fd, NULL);
1084                 if (rv == 0) {
1085                         struct mdinfo info;
1086                         st->ss->getinfo_super(st, &info);
1087                         if (bestsuper == -1 ||
1088                             besttime < info.array.ctime) {
1089                                 bestsuper = i;
1090                                 besttime = info.array.ctime;
1091                         }
1092                         ss->free_super(st);
1093                 }
1094         }
1095         if (bestsuper != -1) {
1096                 int rv;
1097                 memset(st, 0, sizeof(*st));
1098                 rv = superlist[bestsuper]->load_super(st, fd, NULL);
1099                 if (rv == 0) {
1100                         superlist[bestsuper]->free_super(st);
1101                         return st;
1102                 }
1103         }
1104         free(st);
1105         return NULL;
1106 }
1107
1108 /* Return size of device in bytes */
1109 int get_dev_size(int fd, char *dname, unsigned long long *sizep)
1110 {
1111         unsigned long long ldsize;
1112         struct stat st;
1113
1114         if (fstat(fd, &st) != -1 && S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
1115                 ldsize = (unsigned long long)st.st_size;
1116         else
1117 #ifdef BLKGETSIZE64
1118         if (ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE64, &ldsize) != 0)
1119 #endif
1120         {
1121                 unsigned long dsize;
1122                 if (ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE, &dsize) == 0) {
1123                         ldsize = dsize;
1124                         ldsize <<= 9;
1125                 } else {
1126                         if (dname)
1127                                 fprintf(stderr, Name ": Cannot get size of %s: %s\b",
1128                                         dname, strerror(errno));
1129                         return 0;
1130                 }
1131         }
1132         *sizep = ldsize;
1133         return 1;
1134 }
1135
1136
1137 /* Sets endofpart parameter to the last block used by the last GPT partition on the device.
1138  * Returns: 1 if successful
1139  *         -1 for unknown partition type
1140  *          0 for other errors
1141  */
1142 static int get_gpt_last_partition_end(int fd, unsigned long long *endofpart)
1143 {
1144         unsigned char buf[512];
1145         unsigned char empty_gpt_entry[16]= {0};
1146         struct GPT_part_entry *part;
1147         unsigned long long curr_part_end;
1148         unsigned all_partitions, entry_size;
1149         int part_nr;
1150
1151         *endofpart = 0;
1152
1153         /* read GPT header */
1154         lseek(fd, 512, SEEK_SET);
1155         if (read(fd, buf, 512) != 512)
1156                 return 0;
1157
1158         /* get the number of partition entries and the entry size */
1159         all_partitions = __le32_to_cpu(buf[GPT_ALL_PARTITIONS_OFFSET]);
1160         entry_size = __le32_to_cpu(buf[GPT_ENTRY_SIZE_OFFSET]);
1161
1162         /* Check GPT signature*/
1163         if (*((__u64*)buf) != GPT_SIGNATURE_MAGIC)
1164                 return -1;
1165
1166         /* sanity checks */
1167         if (all_partitions > 1024 ||
1168             entry_size > 512)
1169                 return -1;
1170
1171         /* read first GPT partition entries */
1172         if (read(fd, buf, 512) != 512)
1173                 return 0;
1174
1175         part = (struct GPT_part_entry*)buf;
1176
1177         for (part_nr=0; part_nr < all_partitions; part_nr++) {
1178                 /* is this valid partition? */
1179                 if (memcmp(part->type_guid, empty_gpt_entry, 16) != 0) {
1180                         /* check the last lba for the current partition */
1181                         curr_part_end = __le64_to_cpu(*(__u64*)part->ending_lba);
1182                         if (curr_part_end > *endofpart)
1183                                 *endofpart = curr_part_end;
1184                 }
1185
1186                 part = (struct GPT_part_entry*)((unsigned char*)part + entry_size);
1187
1188                 if ((unsigned char *)part >= buf + 512) {
1189                         if (read(fd, buf, 512) != 512)
1190                                 return 0;
1191                         part = (struct GPT_part_entry*)buf;
1192                 }
1193         }
1194         return 1;
1195 }
1196
1197 /* Sets endofpart parameter to the last block used by the last partition on the device.
1198  * Returns: 1 if successful
1199  *         -1 for unknown partition type
1200  *          0 for other errors
1201  */
1202 static int get_last_partition_end(int fd, unsigned long long *endofpart)
1203 {
1204         unsigned char boot_sect[512];
1205         struct MBR_part_record *part;
1206         unsigned long long curr_part_end;
1207         int part_nr;
1208         int retval = 0;
1209
1210         *endofpart = 0;
1211
1212         /* read MBR */
1213         lseek(fd, 0, 0);
1214         if (read(fd, boot_sect, 512) != 512)
1215                 goto abort;
1216
1217         /* check MBP signature */
1218         if (*((__u16*)(boot_sect + MBR_SIGNATURE_OFFSET))
1219             == MBR_SIGNATURE_MAGIC) {
1220                 retval = 1;
1221                 /* found the correct signature */
1222                 part = (struct MBR_part_record*)
1223                         (boot_sect + MBR_PARTITION_TABLE_OFFSET);
1224
1225                 for (part_nr=0; part_nr < MBR_PARTITIONS; part_nr++) {
1226                         /* check for GPT type */
1227                         if (part->part_type == MBR_GPT_PARTITION_TYPE) {
1228                                 retval = get_gpt_last_partition_end(fd, endofpart);
1229                                 break;
1230                         }
1231                         /* check the last used lba for the current partition  */
1232                         curr_part_end = __le32_to_cpu(part->first_sect_lba) +
1233                                 __le32_to_cpu(part->blocks_num);
1234                         if (curr_part_end > *endofpart)
1235                                 *endofpart = curr_part_end;
1236
1237                         part++;
1238                 }
1239         } else {
1240                 /* Unknown partition table */
1241                 retval = -1;
1242         }
1243  abort:
1244         return retval;
1245 }
1246
1247 int check_partitions(int fd, char *dname, unsigned long long freesize)
1248 {
1249         /*
1250          * Check where the last partition ends
1251          */
1252         unsigned long long endofpart;
1253         int ret;
1254
1255         if ((ret = get_last_partition_end(fd, &endofpart)) > 0) {
1256                 /* There appears to be a partition table here */
1257                 if (freesize == 0) {
1258                         /* partitions will not be visible in new device */
1259                         fprintf(stderr,
1260                                 Name ": partition table exists on %s but will be lost or\n"
1261                                 "       meaningless after creating array\n",
1262                                 dname);
1263                         return 1;
1264                 } else if (endofpart > freesize) {
1265                         /* last partition overlaps metadata */
1266                         fprintf(stderr,
1267                                 Name ": metadata will over-write last partition on %s.\n",
1268                                 dname);
1269                         return 1;
1270                 }
1271         }
1272         return 0;
1273 }
1274
1275 void get_one_disk(int mdfd, mdu_array_info_t *ainf, mdu_disk_info_t *disk)
1276 {
1277         int d;
1278         ioctl(mdfd, GET_ARRAY_INFO, ainf);
1279         for (d = 0 ; d < ainf->raid_disks + ainf->nr_disks ; d++)
1280                 if (ioctl(mdfd, GET_DISK_INFO, disk) == 0)
1281                         return;
1282 }
1283
1284 int open_container(int fd)
1285 {
1286         /* 'fd' is a block device.  Find out if it is in use
1287          * by a container, and return an open fd on that container.
1288          */
1289         char path[256];
1290         char *e;
1291         DIR *dir;
1292         struct dirent *de;
1293         int dfd, n;
1294         char buf[200];
1295         int major, minor;
1296         struct stat st;
1297
1298         if (fstat(fd, &st) != 0)
1299                 return -1;
1300         sprintf(path, "/sys/dev/block/%d:%d/holders",
1301                 (int)major(st.st_rdev), (int)minor(st.st_rdev));
1302         e = path + strlen(path);
1303
1304         dir = opendir(path);
1305         if (!dir)
1306                 return -1;
1307         while ((de = readdir(dir))) {
1308                 if (de->d_ino == 0)
1309                         continue;
1310                 if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
1311                         continue;
1312                 sprintf(e, "/%s/dev", de->d_name);
1313                 dfd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
1314                 if (dfd < 0)
1315                         continue;
1316                 n = read(dfd, buf, sizeof(buf));
1317                 close(dfd);
1318                 if (n <= 0 || n >= sizeof(buf))
1319                         continue;
1320                 buf[n] = 0;
1321                 if (sscanf(buf, "%d:%d", &major, &minor) != 2)
1322                         continue;
1323                 sprintf(buf, "%d:%d", major, minor);
1324                 dfd = dev_open(buf, O_RDONLY);
1325                 if (dfd >= 0) {
1326                         closedir(dir);
1327                         return dfd;
1328                 }
1329         }
1330         closedir(dir);
1331         return -1;
1332 }
1333
1334 int add_disk(int mdfd, struct supertype *st,
1335              struct mdinfo *sra, struct mdinfo *info)
1336 {
1337         /* Add a device to an array, in one of 2 ways. */
1338         int rv;
1339 #ifndef MDASSEMBLE
1340         if (st->ss->external) {
1341                 if (info->disk.state & (1<<MD_DISK_SYNC))
1342                         info->recovery_start = MaxSector;
1343                 else
1344                         info->recovery_start = 0;
1345                 rv = sysfs_add_disk(sra, info, 0);
1346                 if (! rv) {
1347                         struct mdinfo *sd2;
1348                         for (sd2 = sra->devs; sd2; sd2=sd2->next)
1349                                 if (sd2 == info)
1350                                         break;
1351                         if (sd2 == NULL) {
1352                                 sd2 = malloc(sizeof(*sd2));
1353                                 *sd2 = *info;
1354                                 sd2->next = sra->devs;
1355                                 sra->devs = sd2;
1356                         }
1357                 }
1358         } else
1359 #endif
1360                 rv = ioctl(mdfd, ADD_NEW_DISK, &info->disk);
1361         return rv;
1362 }
1363
1364 int set_array_info(int mdfd, struct supertype *st, struct mdinfo *info)
1365 {
1366         /* Initialise kernel's knowledge of array.
1367          * This varies between externally managed arrays
1368          * and older kernels
1369          */
1370         int vers = md_get_version(mdfd);
1371         int rv;
1372
1373 #ifndef MDASSEMBLE
1374         if (st->ss->external)
1375                 rv = sysfs_set_array(info, vers);
1376         else
1377 #endif
1378                 if ((vers % 100) >= 1) { /* can use different versions */
1379                 mdu_array_info_t inf;
1380                 memset(&inf, 0, sizeof(inf));
1381                 inf.major_version = info->array.major_version;
1382                 inf.minor_version = info->array.minor_version;
1383                 rv = ioctl(mdfd, SET_ARRAY_INFO, &inf);
1384         } else
1385                 rv = ioctl(mdfd, SET_ARRAY_INFO, NULL);
1386         return rv;
1387 }
1388
1389 unsigned long long min_recovery_start(struct mdinfo *array)
1390 {
1391         /* find the minimum recovery_start in an array for metadata
1392          * formats that only record per-array recovery progress instead
1393          * of per-device
1394          */
1395         unsigned long long recovery_start = MaxSector;
1396         struct mdinfo *d;
1397
1398         for (d = array->devs; d; d = d->next)
1399                 recovery_start = min(recovery_start, d->recovery_start);
1400
1401         return recovery_start;
1402 }
1403
1404 char *devnum2devname(int num)
1405 {
1406         char name[100];
1407         if (num >= 0)
1408                 sprintf(name, "md%d", num);
1409         else
1410                 sprintf(name, "md_d%d", -1-num);
1411         return strdup(name);
1412 }
1413
1414 int devname2devnum(char *name)
1415 {
1416         char *ep;
1417         int num;
1418         if (strncmp(name, "md_d", 4)==0)
1419                 num = -1-strtoul(name+4, &ep, 10);
1420         else
1421                 num = strtoul(name+2, &ep, 10);
1422         return num;
1423 }
1424
1425 int stat2devnum(struct stat *st)
1426 {
1427         char path[30];
1428         char link[200];
1429         char *cp;
1430         int n;
1431
1432         if ((S_IFMT & st->st_mode) == S_IFBLK) {
1433                 if (major(st->st_rdev) == MD_MAJOR)
1434                         return minor(st->st_rdev);
1435                 else if (major(st->st_rdev) == get_mdp_major())
1436                         return -1- (minor(st->st_rdev)>>MdpMinorShift);
1437
1438                 /* must be an extended-minor partition. Look at the
1439                  * /sys/dev/block/%d:%d link which must look like
1440                  * ../../block/mdXXX/mdXXXpYY
1441                  */
1442                 sprintf(path, "/sys/dev/block/%d:%d", major(st->st_rdev),
1443                         minor(st->st_rdev));
1444                 n = readlink(path, link, sizeof(link)-1);
1445                 if (n <= 0)
1446                         return NoMdDev;
1447                 link[n] = 0;
1448                 cp = strrchr(link, '/');
1449                 if (cp) *cp = 0;
1450                 cp = strchr(link, '/');
1451                 if (cp && strncmp(cp, "/md", 3) == 0)
1452                         return devname2devnum(cp+1);
1453         }
1454         return NoMdDev;
1455
1456 }
1457
1458 int fd2devnum(int fd)
1459 {
1460         struct stat stb;
1461         if (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)
1462                 return stat2devnum(&stb);
1463         return NoMdDev;
1464 }
1465
1466 int mdmon_running(int devnum)
1467 {
1468         char path[100];
1469         char pid[10];
1470         int fd;
1471         int n;
1472         sprintf(path, "/var/run/mdadm/%s.pid", devnum2devname(devnum));
1473         fd = open(path, O_RDONLY, 0);
1474
1475         if (fd < 0)
1476                 return 0;
1477         n = read(fd, pid, 9);
1478         close(fd);
1479         if (n <= 0)
1480                 return 0;
1481         if (kill(atoi(pid), 0) == 0)
1482                 return 1;
1483         return 0;
1484 }
1485
1486 int signal_mdmon(int devnum)
1487 {
1488         char path[100];
1489         char pid[10];
1490         int fd;
1491         int n;
1492         sprintf(path, "/var/run/mdadm/%s.pid", devnum2devname(devnum));
1493         fd = open(path, O_RDONLY, 0);
1494
1495         if (fd < 0)
1496                 return 0;
1497         n = read(fd, pid, 9);
1498         close(fd);
1499         if (n <= 0)
1500                 return 0;
1501         if (kill(atoi(pid), SIGUSR1) == 0)
1502                 return 1;
1503         return 0;
1504 }
1505
1506 int start_mdmon(int devnum)
1507 {
1508         int i;
1509         int len;
1510         pid_t pid;
1511         int status;
1512         char pathbuf[1024];
1513         char *paths[4] = {
1514                 pathbuf,
1515                 "/sbin/mdmon",
1516                 "mdmon",
1517                 NULL
1518         };
1519
1520         if (check_env("MDADM_NO_MDMON"))
1521                 return 0;
1522
1523         len = readlink("/proc/self/exe", pathbuf, sizeof(pathbuf));
1524         if (len > 0) {
1525                 char *sl;
1526                 pathbuf[len] = 0;
1527                 sl = strrchr(pathbuf, '/');
1528                 if (sl)
1529                         sl++;
1530                 else
1531                         sl = pathbuf;
1532                 strcpy(sl, "mdmon");
1533         } else
1534                 pathbuf[0] = '\0';
1535
1536         switch(fork()) {
1537         case 0:
1538                 /* FIXME yuk. CLOSE_EXEC?? */
1539                 for (i=3; i < 100; i++)
1540                         close(i);
1541                 for (i=0; paths[i]; i++)
1542                         if (paths[i][0])
1543                                 execl(paths[i], "mdmon",
1544                                       devnum2devname(devnum),
1545                                       NULL);
1546                 exit(1);
1547         case -1: fprintf(stderr, Name ": cannot run mdmon. "
1548                          "Array remains readonly\n");
1549                 return -1;
1550         default: /* parent - good */
1551                 pid = wait(&status);
1552                 if (pid < 0 || status != 0)
1553                         return -1;
1554         }
1555         return 0;
1556 }
1557
1558 int check_env(char *name)
1559 {
1560         char *val = getenv(name);
1561
1562         if (val && atoi(val) == 1)
1563                 return 1;
1564
1565         return 0;
1566 }
1567
1568 __u32 random32(void)
1569 {
1570         __u32 rv;
1571         int rfd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY);
1572         if (rfd < 0 || read(rfd, &rv, 4) != 4)
1573                 rv = random();
1574         if (rfd >= 0)
1575                 close(rfd);
1576         return rv;
1577 }
1578
1579 #ifndef MDASSEMBLE
1580 int flush_metadata_updates(struct supertype *st)
1581 {
1582         int sfd;
1583         if (!st->updates) {
1584                 st->update_tail = NULL;
1585                 return -1;
1586         }
1587
1588         sfd = connect_monitor(devnum2devname(st->container_dev));
1589         if (sfd < 0)
1590                 return -1;
1591
1592         while (st->updates) {
1593                 struct metadata_update *mu = st->updates;
1594                 st->updates = mu->next;
1595
1596                 send_message(sfd, mu, 0);
1597                 wait_reply(sfd, 0);
1598                 free(mu->buf);
1599                 free(mu);
1600         }
1601         ack(sfd, 0);
1602         wait_reply(sfd, 0);
1603         close(sfd);
1604         st->update_tail = NULL;
1605         return 0;
1606 }
1607
1608 void append_metadata_update(struct supertype *st, void *buf, int len)
1609 {
1610
1611         struct metadata_update *mu = malloc(sizeof(*mu));
1612
1613         mu->buf = buf;
1614         mu->len = len;
1615         mu->space = NULL;
1616         mu->next = NULL;
1617         *st->update_tail = mu;
1618         st->update_tail = &mu->next;
1619 }
1620 #endif /* MDASSEMBLE */
1621
1622 #ifdef __TINYC__
1623 /* tinyc doesn't optimize this check in ioctl.h out ... */
1624 unsigned int __invalid_size_argument_for_IOC = 0;
1625 #endif
1626