4 This document describes installation on all supported operating
5 systems (the Unix/Linux family (which includes Mac OS/X), OpenVMS,
8 To install OpenSSL, you will need:
10 * A make implementation
11 * Perl 5 with core modules (please read NOTES.PERL)
12 * The perl module Text::Template (please read NOTES.PERL)
14 * a development environment in the form of development libraries and C
16 * a supported operating system
18 For additional platform specific requirements, solutions to specific
19 issues and other details, please read one of these:
21 * NOTES.UNIX (any supported Unix like system)
23 * NOTES.WIN (any supported Windows)
24 * NOTES.DJGPP (DOS platform with DJGPP)
25 * NOTES.ANDROID (obviously Android [NDK])
26 * NOTES.VALGRIND (testing with Valgrind)
28 Notational conventions in this document
29 ---------------------------------------
31 Throughout this document, we use the following conventions in command
34 $ command Any line starting with a dollar sign
35 ($) is a command line.
37 { word1 | word2 | word3 } This denotes a mandatory choice, to be
38 replaced with one of the given words.
39 A simple example would be this:
41 $ echo { FOO | BAR | COOKIE }
43 which is to be understood as one of
52 [ word1 | word2 | word3 ] Similar to { word1 | word2 | word3 }
53 except it's optional to give any of
54 those. In addition to the examples
55 above, this would also be valid:
59 {{ target }} This denotes a mandatory word or
60 sequence of words of some sort. A
61 simple example would be this:
65 which is to be understood to use the
66 command 'type' on some file name
67 determined by the user.
69 [[ options ]] Similar to {{ target }}, but is
72 Note that the notation assumes spaces around {, }, [, ], {{, }} and
73 [[, ]]. This is to differentiate from OpenVMS directory
74 specifications, which also use [ and ], but without spaces.
79 If you want to just get on with it, do:
81 on Unix (again, this includes Mac OS/X):
95 on Windows (only pick one of the targets for configuration):
97 $ perl Configure { VC-WIN32 | VC-WIN64A | VC-WIN64I | VC-CE }
102 Note that in order to perform the install step above you need to have
103 appropriate permissions to write to the installation directory.
105 If any of these steps fails, see section Installation in Detail below.
107 This will build and install OpenSSL in the default location, which is:
109 Unix: normal installation directories under /usr/local
110 OpenVMS: SYS$COMMON:[OPENSSL-'version'...], where 'version' is the
111 OpenSSL version number with underscores instead of periods.
112 Windows: C:\Program Files\OpenSSL or C:\Program Files (x86)\OpenSSL
114 The installation directory should be appropriately protected to ensure
115 unprivileged users cannot make changes to OpenSSL binaries or files, or install
116 engines. If you already have a pre-installed version of OpenSSL as part of
117 your Operating System it is recommended that you do not overwrite the system
118 version and instead install to somewhere else.
120 If you want to install it anywhere else, run config like this:
124 $ ./config --prefix=/opt/openssl --openssldir=/usr/local/ssl
128 $ @config --prefix=PROGRAM:[INSTALLS] --openssldir=SYS$MANAGER:[OPENSSL]
130 (Note: if you do add options to the configuration command, please make sure
131 you've read more than just this Quick Start, such as relevant NOTES.* files,
132 the options outline below, as configuration options may change the outcome
133 in otherwise unexpected ways)
136 Configuration Options
137 ---------------------
139 There are several options to ./config (or ./Configure) to customize
140 the build (note that for Windows, the defaults for --prefix and
141 --openssldir depend in what configuration is used and what Windows
142 implementation OpenSSL is built on. More notes on this in NOTES.WIN):
145 Don't build with support for deprecated APIs below the
146 specified version number. For example "--api=1.1.0" will
147 remove support for all APIS that were deprecated in OpenSSL
148 version 1.1.0 or below. This is a rather specialized option
149 for developers. If you just intend to remove all deprecated
150 APIs entirely (up to the current version), it is easier
151 to add the 'no-deprecated' option instead (see below).
153 --cross-compile-prefix=PREFIX
154 The PREFIX to include in front of commands for your
155 toolchain. It's likely to have to end with dash, e.g.
156 a-b-c- would invoke GNU compiler as a-b-c-gcc, etc.
157 Unfortunately cross-compiling is too case-specific to
158 put together one-size-fits-all instructions. You might
159 have to pass more flags or set up environment variables
160 to actually make it work. Android and iOS cases are
161 discussed in corresponding Configurations/15-*.conf
162 files. But there are cases when this option alone is
163 sufficient. For example to build the mingw64 target on
164 Linux "--cross-compile-prefix=x86_64-w64-mingw32-"
165 works. Naturally provided that mingw packages are
166 installed. Today Debian and Ubuntu users have option to
167 install a number of prepackaged cross-compilers along
168 with corresponding run-time and development packages for
169 "alien" hardware. To give another example
170 "--cross-compile-prefix=mipsel-linux-gnu-" suffices
171 in such case. Needless to mention that you have to
172 invoke ./Configure, not ./config, and pass your target
173 name explicitly. Also, note that --openssldir refers
174 to target's file system, not one you are building on.
177 Build OpenSSL with debugging symbols and zero optimization
181 The name of the directory under the top of the installation
182 directory tree (see the --prefix option) where libraries will
183 be installed. By default this is "lib". Note that on Windows
184 only ".lib" files will be stored in this location. dll files
185 will always be installed to the "bin" directory.
188 Directory for OpenSSL configuration files, and also the
189 default certificate and key store. Defaults are:
192 Windows: C:\Program Files\Common Files\SSL
193 or C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\SSL
194 OpenVMS: SYS$COMMON:[OPENSSL-COMMON]
197 The top of the installation directory tree. Defaults are:
200 Windows: C:\Program Files\OpenSSL
201 or C:\Program Files (x86)\OpenSSL
202 OpenVMS: SYS$COMMON:[OPENSSL-'version']
205 Build OpenSSL without debugging symbols. This is the default.
208 This is a developer flag that switches on various compiler
209 options recommended for OpenSSL development. It only works
210 when using gcc or clang as the compiler. If you are
211 developing a patch for OpenSSL then it is recommended that
212 you use this option where possible.
214 --with-zlib-include=DIR
215 The directory for the location of the zlib include file. This
216 option is only necessary if enable-zlib (see below) is used
217 and the include file is not already on the system include
221 On Unix: this is the directory containing the zlib library.
222 If not provided the system library path will be used.
223 On Windows: this is the filename of the zlib library (with or
224 without a path). This flag must be provided if the
225 zlib-dynamic option is not also used. If zlib-dynamic is used
226 then this flag is optional and a default value ("ZLIB1") is
227 used if not provided.
228 On VMS: this is the filename of the zlib library (with or
229 without a path). This flag is optional and if not provided
230 then "GNV$LIBZSHR", "GNV$LIBZSHR32" or "GNV$LIBZSHR64" is
231 used by default depending on the pointer size chosen.
234 --with-rand-seed=seed1[,seed2,...]
235 A comma separated list of seeding methods which will be tried
236 by OpenSSL in order to obtain random input (a.k.a "entropy")
237 for seeding its cryptographically secure random number
238 generator (CSPRNG). The current seeding methods are:
240 os: Use a trusted operating system entropy source.
241 This is the default method if such an entropy
243 getrandom: Use the L<getrandom(2)> or equivalent system
245 devrandom: Use the first device from the DEVRANDOM list
246 which can be opened to read random bytes. The
247 DEVRANDOM preprocessor constant expands to
248 "/dev/urandom","/dev/random","/dev/srandom" on
249 most unix-ish operating systems.
250 egd: Check for an entropy generating daemon.
251 rdcpu: Use the RDSEED or RDRAND command if provided by
253 librandom: Use librandom (not implemented yet).
254 none: Disable automatic seeding. This is the default
255 on some operating systems where no suitable
256 entropy source exists, or no support for it is
259 For more information, see the section 'Note on random number
260 generation' at the end of this document.
263 Don't build the AFALG engine. This option will be forced if
264 on a platform that does not support AFALG.
267 Build with Kernel TLS support. This option will enable the
268 use of the Kernel TLS data-path, which can improve
269 performance and allow for the use of sendfile and splice
270 system calls on TLS sockets. The Kernel may use TLS
271 accelerators if any are available on the system.
272 This option will be forced off on systems that do not support
273 the Kernel TLS data-path.
276 Build with the Address sanitiser. This is a developer option
277 only. It may not work on all platforms and should never be
278 used in production environments. It will only work when used
279 with gcc or clang and should be used in conjunction with the
283 Do not use assembler code. This should be viewed as
284 debugging/trouble-shooting option rather than production.
285 On some platforms a small amount of assembler code may
286 still be used even with this option.
289 Do not build support for async operations.
292 Don't automatically load all supported ciphers and digests.
293 Typically OpenSSL will make available all of its supported
294 ciphers and digests. For a statically linked application this
295 may be undesirable if small executable size is an objective.
296 This only affects libcrypto. Ciphers and digests will have to
297 be loaded manually using EVP_add_cipher() and
298 EVP_add_digest() if this option is used. This option will
299 force a non-shared build.
302 Don't automatically load all libcrypto/libssl error strings.
303 Typically OpenSSL will automatically load human readable
304 error strings. For a statically linked application this may
305 be undesirable if small executable size is an objective.
308 Don't automatically load the default openssl.cnf file.
309 Typically OpenSSL will automatically load a system config
310 file which configures default ssl options.
313 While testing, generate C++ buildtest files that
314 simply check that the public OpenSSL header files
315 are usable standalone with C++.
317 Enabling this option demands extra care. For any
318 compiler flag given directly as configuration
319 option, you must ensure that it's valid for both
320 the C and the C++ compiler. If not, the C++ build
321 test will most likely break. As an alternative,
322 you can use the language specific variables, CFLAGS
326 Don't build the CAPI engine. This option will be forced if
327 on a platform that does not support CAPI.
330 Don't build support for CMP features
333 Don't build support for CMS features
336 Don't build support for SSL/TLS compression. If this option
337 is left enabled (the default), then compression will only
338 work if the zlib or zlib-dynamic options are also chosen.
341 Build support for debugging memory allocated via
342 OPENSSL_malloc() or OPENSSL_zalloc().
344 enable-crypto-mdebug-backtrace
345 As for crypto-mdebug, but additionally provide backtrace
346 information for allocated memory.
347 TO BE USED WITH CARE: this uses GNU C functionality, and
348 is therefore not usable for non-GNU config targets. If
349 your build complains about the use of '-rdynamic' or the
350 lack of header file execinfo.h, this option is not for you.
351 ALSO NOTE that even though execinfo.h is available on your
352 system (through Gnulib), the functions might just be stubs
356 Don't build support for Certificate Transparency.
359 Don't build with support for any deprecated APIs. This is the
360 same as using "--api" and supplying the latest version
364 Don't build support for datagram based BIOs. Selecting this
365 option will also force the disabling of DTLS.
368 Build the /dev/crypto engine. It is automatically selected
369 on BSD implementations, in which case it can be disabled with
373 Don't build the dynamically loaded engines. This only has an
374 effect in a "shared" build
377 Don't build support for Elliptic Curves.
380 Don't build support for binary Elliptic Curves
382 enable-ec_nistp_64_gcc_128
383 Enable support for optimised implementations of some commonly
384 used NIST elliptic curves.
385 This is only supported on platforms:
386 - with little-endian storage of non-byte types
387 - that tolerate misaligned memory references
388 - where the compiler:
389 - supports the non-standard type __uint128_t
390 - defines the built-in macro __SIZEOF_INT128__
393 Build support for gathering entropy from EGD (Entropy
397 Don't build support for loading engines.
400 Don't compile in any error strings.
402 enable-external-tests
403 Enable building of integration with external test suites.
404 This is a developer option and may not work on all platforms.
405 The only supported external test suite at the current time is
406 the BoringSSL test suite. See the file test/README.external
410 Don't compile in filename and line number information (e.g.
411 for errors and memory allocation).
414 Don't compile the FIPS module
416 enable-fuzz-libfuzzer, enable-fuzz-afl
417 Build with support for fuzzing using either libfuzzer or AFL.
418 These are developer options only. They may not work on all
419 platforms and should never be used in production environments.
420 See the file fuzz/README.md for further details.
423 Don't build support for GOST based ciphersuites. Note that
424 if this feature is enabled then GOST ciphersuites are only
425 available if the GOST algorithms are also available through
426 loading an externally supplied engine.
429 Don't build the legacy provider. Disabling this also disables
430 the legacy algorithms: MD2 (already disabled by default).
433 Don't generate dependencies.
436 Don't build any dynamically loadable engines. This also
437 implies 'no-dynamic-engine'.
440 Don't build support for writing multiple records in one
441 go in libssl (Note: this is a different capability to the
442 pipelining functionality).
445 Don't build support for the NPN TLS extension.
448 Don't build support for OCSP.
452 Don't build the padlock engine.
453 ('no-hw-padlock' is deprecated and should not be used)
456 Don't build with support for Position Independent Code.
458 no-pinshared By default OpenSSL will attempt to stay in memory until the
459 process exits. This is so that libcrypto and libssl can be
460 properly cleaned up automatically via an "atexit()" handler.
461 The handler is registered by libcrypto and cleans up both
462 libraries. On some platforms the atexit() handler will run on
463 unload of libcrypto (if it has been dynamically loaded)
464 rather than at process exit. This option can be used to stop
465 OpenSSL from attempting to stay in memory until the process
466 exits. This could lead to crashes if either libcrypto or
467 libssl have already been unloaded at the point
468 that the atexit handler is invoked, e.g. on a platform which
469 calls atexit() on unload of the library, and libssl is
470 unloaded before libcrypto then a crash is likely to happen.
471 Applications can suppress running of the atexit() handler at
472 run time by using the OPENSSL_INIT_NO_ATEXIT option to
473 OPENSSL_init_crypto(). See the man page for it for further
477 Don't use POSIX IO capabilities.
480 Don't build support for Pre-Shared Key based ciphersuites.
483 Don't use hardware RDRAND capabilities.
486 Don't build support for RFC3779 ("X.509 Extensions for IP
487 Addresses and AS Identifiers")
490 Build support for SCTP
493 Do not create shared libraries, only static ones. See "Note
494 on shared libraries" below.
497 Don't build support for socket BIOs
500 Don't build support for SRP or SRP based ciphersuites.
503 Don't build SRTP support
506 Exclude SSE2 code paths from 32-bit x86 assembly modules.
507 Normally SSE2 extension is detected at run-time, but the
508 decision whether or not the machine code will be executed
509 is taken solely on CPU capability vector. This means that
510 if you happen to run OS kernel which does not support SSE2
511 extension on Intel P4 processor, then your application
512 might be exposed to "illegal instruction" exception.
513 There might be a way to enable support in kernel, e.g.
514 FreeBSD kernel can be compiled with CPU_ENABLE_SSE, and
515 there is a way to disengage SSE2 code paths upon application
516 start-up, but if you aim for wider "audience" running
517 such kernel, consider no-sse2. Both the 386 and
518 no-asm options imply no-sse2.
521 Build with the SSL Trace capabilities (adds the "-trace"
522 option to s_client and s_server).
525 Don't build the statically linked engines. This only
526 has an impact when not built "shared".
529 Don't use anything from the C header file "stdio.h" that
530 makes use of the "FILE" type. Only libcrypto and libssl can
531 be built in this way. Using this option will suppress
532 building the command line applications. Additionally since
533 the OpenSSL tests also use the command line applications the
534 tests will also be skipped.
537 Don't build test programs or run any test.
540 Don't try to build with support for multi-threaded
544 Build with support for multi-threaded applications. Most
545 platforms will enable this by default. However if on a
546 platform where this is not the case then this will usually
547 require additional system-dependent options! See "Note on
548 multi-threading" below.
551 Build with support for the integrated tracing api. See manual pages
552 OSSL_trace_set_channel(3) and OSSL_trace_enabled(3) for details.
555 Don't build Time Stamping Authority support.
558 Build with the Undefined Behaviour sanitiser. This is a
559 developer option only. It may not work on all platforms and
560 should never be used in production environments. It will only
561 work when used with gcc or clang and should be used in
562 conjunction with the "-DPEDANTIC" option (or the
563 --strict-warnings option).
566 Don't build with the "UI" capability (i.e. the set of
567 features enabling text based prompts).
570 Enable additional unit test APIs. This should not typically
571 be used in production deployments.
574 Don't build support for UPLINK interface.
576 enable-weak-ssl-ciphers
577 Build support for SSL/TLS ciphers that are considered "weak"
578 (e.g. RC4 based ciphersuites).
581 Build with support for zlib compression/decompression.
584 Like "zlib", but has OpenSSL load the zlib library
585 dynamically when needed. This is only supported on systems
586 where loading of shared libraries is supported.
589 In 32-bit x86 builds, when generating assembly modules,
590 use the 80386 instruction set only (the default x86 code
591 is more efficient, but requires at least a 486). Note:
592 This doesn't affect code generated by compiler, you're
593 likely to complement configuration command line with
594 suitable compiler-specific option.
597 Don't build support for negotiating the specified SSL/TLS
598 protocol (one of ssl, ssl3, tls, tls1, tls1_1, tls1_2,
599 tls1_3, dtls, dtls1 or dtls1_2). If "no-tls" is selected then
600 all of tls1, tls1_1, tls1_2 and tls1_3 are disabled.
601 Similarly "no-dtls" will disable dtls1 and dtls1_2. The
602 "no-ssl" option is synonymous with "no-ssl3". Note this only
603 affects version negotiation. OpenSSL will still provide the
604 methods for applications to explicitly select the individual
608 As for no-<prot> but in addition do not build the methods for
609 applications to explicitly select individual protocol
610 versions. Note that there is no "no-tls1_3-method" option
611 because there is no application method for TLSv1.3. Using
612 individual protocol methods directly is deprecated.
613 Applications should use TLS_method() instead.
616 Build with support for the specified algorithm, where <alg>
617 is one of: md2 or rc5.
620 Build without support for the specified algorithm, where
621 <alg> is one of: aria, bf, blake2, camellia, cast, chacha,
622 cmac, des, dh, dsa, ecdh, ecdsa, idea, md4, mdc2, ocb,
623 poly1305, rc2, rc4, rmd160, scrypt, seed, siphash, siv, sm2,
624 sm3, sm4 or whirlpool. The "ripemd" algorithm is deprecated
625 and if used is synonymous with rmd160.
627 -Dxxx, -Ixxx, -Wp, -lxxx, -Lxxx, -Wl, -rpath, -R, -framework, -static
628 These system specific options will be recognised and
629 passed through to the compiler to allow you to define
630 preprocessor symbols, specify additional libraries, library
631 directories or other compiler options. It might be worth
632 noting that some compilers generate code specifically for
633 processor the compiler currently executes on. This is not
634 necessarily what you might have in mind, since it might be
635 unsuitable for execution on other, typically older,
636 processor. Consult your compiler documentation.
638 Take note of the VAR=value documentation below and how
639 these flags interact with those variables.
642 Additional options that are not otherwise recognised are
643 passed through as they are to the compiler as well. Again,
644 consult your compiler documentation.
646 Take note of the VAR=value documentation below and how
647 these flags interact with those variables.
650 Assignment of environment variable for Configure. These
651 work just like normal environment variable assignments,
652 but are supported on all platforms and are confined to
653 the configuration scripts only. These assignments override
654 the corresponding value in the inherited environment, if
657 The following variables are used as "make variables" and
658 can be used as an alternative to giving preprocessor,
659 compiler and linker options directly as configuration.
660 The following variables are supported:
662 AR The static library archiver.
663 ARFLAGS Flags for the static library archiver.
664 AS The assembler compiler.
665 ASFLAGS Flags for the assembler compiler.
667 CFLAGS Flags for the C compiler.
668 CXX The C++ compiler.
669 CXXFLAGS Flags for the C++ compiler.
670 CPP The C/C++ preprocessor.
671 CPPFLAGS Flags for the C/C++ preprocessor.
672 CPPDEFINES List of CPP macro definitions, separated
673 by a platform specific character (':' or
674 space for Unix, ';' for Windows, ',' for
675 VMS). This can be used instead of using
676 -D (or what corresponds to that on your
677 compiler) in CPPFLAGS.
678 CPPINCLUDES List of CPP inclusion directories, separated
679 the same way as for CPPDEFINES. This can
680 be used instead of -I (or what corresponds
681 to that on your compiler) in CPPFLAGS.
682 HASHBANGPERL Perl invocation to be inserted after '#!'
683 in public perl scripts (only relevant on
685 LD The program linker (not used on Unix, $(CC)
687 LDFLAGS Flags for the shared library, DSO and
689 LDLIBS Extra libraries to use when linking.
690 Takes the form of a space separated list
691 of library specifications on Unix and
692 Windows, and as a comma separated list of
694 RANLIB The library archive indexer.
695 RC The Windows resource compiler.
696 RCFLAGS Flags for the Windows resource compiler.
697 RM The command to remove files and directories.
699 These cannot be mixed with compiling / linking flags given
700 on the command line. In other words, something like this
703 ./config -DFOO CPPFLAGS=-DBAR -DCOOKIE
705 Backward compatibility note:
707 To be compatible with older configuration scripts, the
708 environment variables are ignored if compiling / linking
709 flags are given on the command line, except for these:
711 AR, CC, CXX, CROSS_COMPILE, HASHBANGPERL, PERL, RANLIB, RC
714 For example, the following command will not see -DBAR:
716 CPPFLAGS=-DBAR ./config -DCOOKIE
718 However, the following will see both set variables:
720 CC=gcc CROSS_COMPILE=x86_64-w64-mingw32- \
723 If CC is set, it is advisable to also set CXX to ensure
724 both C and C++ compilers are in the same "family". This
725 becomes relevant with 'enable-external-tests' and
726 'enable-buildtest-c++'.
730 Reconfigure from earlier data. This fetches the previous
731 command line options and environment from data saved in
732 "configdata.pm", and runs the configuration process again,
733 using these options and environment.
734 Note: NO other option is permitted together with "reconf".
735 This means that you also MUST use "./Configure" (or
736 what corresponds to that on non-Unix platforms) directly
737 to invoke this option.
738 Note: The original configuration saves away values for ALL
739 environment variables that were used, and if they weren't
740 defined, they are still saved away with information that
741 they weren't originally defined. This information takes
742 precedence over environment variables that are defined
745 Displaying configuration data
746 -----------------------------
748 The configuration script itself will say very little, and finishes by
749 creating "configdata.pm". This perl module can be loaded by other scripts
750 to find all the configuration data, and it can also be used as a script to
751 display all sorts of configuration data in a human readable form.
753 For more information, please do:
755 $ ./configdata.pm --help # Unix
759 $ perl configdata.pm --help # Windows and VMS
761 Installation in Detail
762 ----------------------
764 1a. Configure OpenSSL for your operation system automatically:
766 NOTE: This is not available on Windows.
768 $ ./config [[ options ]] # Unix
772 $ @config [[ options ]] ! OpenVMS
774 For the remainder of this text, the Unix form will be used in all
775 examples, please use the appropriate form for your platform.
777 This guesses at your operating system (and compiler, if necessary) and
778 configures OpenSSL based on this guess. Run ./config -t to see
779 if it guessed correctly. If you want to use a different compiler, you
780 are cross-compiling for another platform, or the ./config guess was
781 wrong for other reasons, go to step 1b. Otherwise go to step 2.
783 On some systems, you can include debugging information as follows:
785 $ ./config -d [[ options ]]
787 1b. Configure OpenSSL for your operating system manually
789 OpenSSL knows about a range of different operating system, hardware and
790 compiler combinations. To see the ones it knows about, run
796 $ perl Configure # All other platforms
798 For the remainder of this text, the Unix form will be used in all
799 examples, please use the appropriate form for your platform.
801 Pick a suitable name from the list that matches your system. For most
802 operating systems there is a choice between using "cc" or "gcc". When
803 you have identified your system (and if necessary compiler) use this name
804 as the argument to Configure. For example, a "linux-elf" user would
807 $ ./Configure linux-elf [[ options ]]
809 If your system isn't listed, you will have to create a configuration
810 file named Configurations/{{ something }}.conf and add the correct
811 configuration for your system. See the available configs as examples
812 and read Configurations/README and Configurations/README.design for
815 The generic configurations "cc" or "gcc" should usually work on 32 bit
818 Configure creates a build file ("Makefile" on Unix, "makefile" on Windows
819 and "descrip.mms" on OpenVMS) from a suitable template in Configurations,
820 and defines various macros in include/openssl/opensslconf.h (generated from
821 include/openssl/opensslconf.h.in).
823 1c. Configure OpenSSL for building outside of the source tree.
825 OpenSSL can be configured to build in a build directory separate from
826 the directory with the source code. It's done by placing yourself in
827 some other directory and invoking the configuration commands from
832 $ mkdir /var/tmp/openssl-build
833 $ cd /var/tmp/openssl-build
834 $ /PATH/TO/OPENSSL/SOURCE/config [[ options ]]
838 $ /PATH/TO/OPENSSL/SOURCE/Configure {{ target }} [[ options ]]
842 $ set default sys$login:
843 $ create/dir [.tmp.openssl-build]
844 $ set default [.tmp.openssl-build]
845 $ @[PATH.TO.OPENSSL.SOURCE]config [[ options ]]
849 $ @[PATH.TO.OPENSSL.SOURCE]Configure {{ target }} [[ options ]]
854 $ mkdir \temp-openssl
856 $ perl d:\PATH\TO\OPENSSL\SOURCE\Configure {{ target }} [[ options ]]
858 Paths can be relative just as well as absolute. Configure will
859 do its best to translate them to relative paths whenever possible.
861 2. Build OpenSSL by running:
864 $ mms ! (or mmk) OpenVMS
867 This will build the OpenSSL libraries (libcrypto.a and libssl.a on
868 Unix, corresponding on other platforms) and the OpenSSL binary
869 ("openssl"). The libraries will be built in the top-level directory,
870 and the binary will be in the "apps" subdirectory.
874 If the build fails, look at the output. There may be reasons
875 for the failure that aren't problems in OpenSSL itself (like
876 missing standard headers).
878 If the build succeeded previously, but fails after a source or
879 configuration change, it might be helpful to clean the build tree
880 before attempting another build. Use this command:
883 $ mms clean ! (or mmk) OpenVMS
884 $ nmake clean # Windows
886 Assembler error messages can sometimes be sidestepped by using the
887 "no-asm" configuration option.
889 Compiling parts of OpenSSL with gcc and others with the system
890 compiler will result in unresolved symbols on some systems.
892 If you are still having problems you can get help by sending an email
893 to the openssl-users email list (see
894 https://www.openssl.org/community/mailinglists.html for details). If
895 it is a bug with OpenSSL itself, please open an issue on GitHub, at
896 https://github.com/openssl/openssl/issues. Please review the existing
897 ones first; maybe the bug was already reported or has already been
900 3. After a successful build, the libraries should be tested. Run:
904 $ nmake test # Windows
906 NOTE: you MUST run the tests from an unprivileged account (or
907 disable your privileges temporarily if your platform allows it).
909 If some tests fail, look at the output. There may be reasons for
910 the failure that isn't a problem in OpenSSL itself (like a
911 malfunction with Perl). You may want increased verbosity, that
912 can be accomplished like this:
914 $ make VERBOSE=1 test # Unix
916 $ mms /macro=(VERBOSE=1) test ! OpenVMS
918 $ nmake VERBOSE=1 test # Windows
920 If you want to run just one or a few specific tests, you can use
921 the make variable TESTS to specify them, like this:
923 $ make TESTS='test_rsa test_dsa' test # Unix
924 $ mms/macro="TESTS=test_rsa test_dsa" test ! OpenVMS
925 $ nmake TESTS='test_rsa test_dsa' test # Windows
927 And of course, you can combine (Unix example shown):
929 $ make VERBOSE=1 TESTS='test_rsa test_dsa' test
931 You can find the list of available tests like this:
933 $ make list-tests # Unix
934 $ mms list-tests ! OpenVMS
935 $ nmake list-tests # Windows
937 Have a look at the manual for the perl module Test::Harness to
938 see what other HARNESS_* variables there are.
940 If you find a problem with OpenSSL itself, try removing any
941 compiler optimization flags from the CFLAGS line in Makefile and
942 run "make clean; make" or corresponding.
944 To report a bug please open an issue on GitHub, at
945 https://github.com/openssl/openssl/issues.
947 For more details on how the make variables TESTS can be used,
948 see section TESTS in Detail below.
950 4. If everything tests ok, install OpenSSL with
952 $ make install # Unix
953 $ mms install ! OpenVMS
954 $ nmake install # Windows
956 Note that in order to perform the install step above you need to have
957 appropriate permissions to write to the installation directory.
959 The above commands will install all the software components in this
960 directory tree under PREFIX (the directory given with --prefix or its
965 bin/ Contains the openssl binary and a few other
968 Contains the header files needed if you want
969 to build your own programs that use libcrypto
971 lib Contains the OpenSSL library files.
972 lib/engines Contains the OpenSSL dynamically loadable engines.
974 share/man/man1 Contains the OpenSSL command line man-pages.
975 share/man/man3 Contains the OpenSSL library calls man-pages.
976 share/man/man5 Contains the OpenSSL configuration format man-pages.
977 share/man/man7 Contains the OpenSSL other misc man-pages.
979 share/doc/openssl/html/man1
980 share/doc/openssl/html/man3
981 share/doc/openssl/html/man5
982 share/doc/openssl/html/man7
983 Contains the HTML rendition of the man-pages.
985 OpenVMS ('arch' is replaced with the architecture name, "Alpha"
986 or "ia64", 'sover' is replaced with the shared library version
987 (0101 for 1.1), and 'pz' is replaced with the pointer size
988 OpenSSL was built with):
990 [.EXE.'arch'] Contains the openssl binary.
991 [.EXE] Contains a few utility scripts.
993 Contains the header files needed if you want
994 to build your own programs that use libcrypto
996 [.LIB.'arch'] Contains the OpenSSL library files.
997 [.ENGINES'sover''pz'.'arch']
998 Contains the OpenSSL dynamically loadable engines.
999 [.SYS$STARTUP] Contains startup, login and shutdown scripts.
1000 These define appropriate logical names and
1002 [.SYSTEST] Contains the installation verification procedure.
1003 [.HTML] Contains the HTML rendition of the manual pages.
1006 Additionally, install will add the following directories under
1007 OPENSSLDIR (the directory given with --openssldir or its default)
1008 for you convenience:
1010 certs Initially empty, this is the default location
1011 for certificate files.
1012 private Initially empty, this is the default location
1013 for private key files.
1014 misc Various scripts.
1016 The installation directory should be appropriately protected to ensure
1017 unprivileged users cannot make changes to OpenSSL binaries or files, or
1018 install engines. If you already have a pre-installed version of OpenSSL as
1019 part of your Operating System it is recommended that you do not overwrite
1020 the system version and instead install to somewhere else.
1022 Package builders who want to configure the library for standard
1023 locations, but have the package installed somewhere else so that
1024 it can easily be packaged, can use
1026 $ make DESTDIR=/tmp/package-root install # Unix
1027 $ mms/macro="DESTDIR=TMP:[PACKAGE-ROOT]" install ! OpenVMS
1029 The specified destination directory will be prepended to all
1030 installation target paths.
1032 Compatibility issues with previous OpenSSL versions:
1034 * COMPILING existing applications
1036 Starting with version 1.1.0, OpenSSL hides a number of structures
1037 that were previously open. This includes all internal libssl
1038 structures and a number of EVP types. Accessor functions have
1039 been added to allow controlled access to the structures' data.
1041 This means that some software needs to be rewritten to adapt to
1042 the new ways of doing things. This often amounts to allocating
1043 an instance of a structure explicitly where you could previously
1044 allocate them on the stack as automatic variables, and using the
1045 provided accessor functions where you would previously access a
1046 structure's field directly.
1048 Some APIs have changed as well. However, older APIs have been
1049 preserved when possible.
1051 Environment Variables
1052 ---------------------
1054 A number of environment variables can be used to provide additional control
1055 over the build process. Typically these should be defined prior to running
1056 config or Configure. Not all environment variables are relevant to all
1060 The name of the ar executable to use.
1063 Use a different build file name than the platform default
1064 ("Makefile" on Unix-like platforms, "makefile" on native Windows,
1065 "descrip.mms" on OpenVMS). This requires that there is a
1066 corresponding build file template. See Configurations/README
1067 for further information.
1070 The compiler to use. Configure will attempt to pick a default
1071 compiler for your platform but this choice can be overridden
1072 using this variable. Set it to the compiler executable you wish
1073 to use, e.g. "gcc" or "clang".
1076 This environment variable has the same meaning as for the
1077 "--cross-compile-prefix" Configure flag described above. If both
1078 are set then the Configure flag takes precedence.
1081 The name of the nm executable to use.
1083 OPENSSL_LOCAL_CONFIG_DIR
1084 OpenSSL comes with a database of information about how it
1085 should be built on different platforms as well as build file
1086 templates for those platforms. The database is comprised of
1087 ".conf" files in the Configurations directory. The build
1088 file templates reside there as well as ".tmpl" files. See the
1089 file Configurations/README for further information about the
1090 format of ".conf" files as well as information on the ".tmpl"
1092 In addition to the standard ".conf" and ".tmpl" files, it is
1093 possible to create your own ".conf" and ".tmpl" files and store
1094 them locally, outside the OpenSSL source tree. This environment
1095 variable can be set to the directory where these files are held
1096 and will be considered by Configure before it looks in the
1097 standard directories.
1100 The name of the Perl executable to use when building OpenSSL.
1101 This variable is used in config script only. Configure on the
1102 other hand imposes the interpreter by which it itself was
1103 executed on the whole build procedure.
1106 The command string for the Perl executable to insert in the
1107 #! line of perl scripts that will be publically installed.
1108 Default: /usr/bin/env perl
1109 Note: the value of this variable is added to the same scripts
1110 on all platforms, but it's only relevant on Unix-like platforms.
1113 The name of the rc executable to use. The default will be as
1114 defined for the target platform in the ".conf" file. If not
1115 defined then "windres" will be used. The WINDRES environment
1116 variable is synonymous to this. If both are defined then RC
1120 The name of the ranlib executable to use.
1128 The Configure script generates a Makefile in a format relevant to the specific
1129 platform. The Makefiles provide a number of targets that can be used. Not all
1130 targets may be available on all platforms. Only the most common targets are
1131 described here. Examine the Makefiles themselves for the full list.
1134 The default target to build all the software components.
1137 Remove all build artefacts and return the directory to a "clean"
1141 Rebuild the dependencies in the Makefiles. This is a legacy
1142 option that no longer needs to be used since OpenSSL 1.1.0.
1145 Install all OpenSSL components.
1148 Only install the OpenSSL software components.
1151 Only install the OpenSSL documentation components.
1154 Only install the OpenSSL man pages (Unix only).
1157 Only install the OpenSSL html documentation.
1160 Prints a list of all the self test names.
1163 Build and run the OpenSSL self tests.
1166 Uninstall all OpenSSL components.
1170 Re-run the configuration process, as exactly as the last time
1174 This is a developer option. If you are developing a patch for
1175 OpenSSL you may need to use this if you want to update
1176 automatically generated files; add new error codes or add new
1177 (or change the visibility of) public API functions. (Unix only).
1182 The make variable TESTS supports a versatile set of space separated tokens
1183 with which you can specify a set of tests to be performed. With a "current
1184 set of tests" in mind, initially being empty, here are the possible tokens:
1186 alltests The current set of tests becomes the whole set of available
1187 tests (as listed when you do 'make list-tests' or similar).
1188 xxx Adds the test 'xxx' to the current set of tests.
1189 -xxx Removes 'xxx' from the current set of tests. If this is the
1190 first token in the list, the current set of tests is first
1191 assigned the whole set of available tests, effectively making
1192 this token equivalent to TESTS="alltests -xxx".
1193 nn Adds the test group 'nn' (which is a number) to the current
1195 -nn Removes the test group 'nn' from the current set of tests.
1196 If this is the first token in the list, the current set of
1197 tests is first assigned the whole set of available tests,
1198 effectively making this token equivalent to
1199 TESTS="alltests -xxx".
1201 Also, all tokens except for "alltests" may have wildcards, such as *.
1202 (on Unix and Windows, BSD style wildcards are supported, while on VMS,
1203 it's VMS style wildcards)
1205 Example: All tests except for the fuzz tests:
1207 $ make TESTS=-test_fuzz test
1209 or (if you want to be explicit)
1211 $ make TESTS='alltests -test_fuzz' test
1213 Example: All tests that have a name starting with "test_ssl" but not those
1214 starting with "test_ssl_":
1216 $ make TESTS='test_ssl* -test_ssl_*' test
1218 Example: Only test group 10:
1222 Example: All tests except the slow group (group 99):
1226 Example: All tests in test groups 80 to 99 except for tests in group 90:
1228 $ make TESTS='[89]? -90'
1230 To stochastically verify that the algorithm that produces uniformly distributed
1231 random numbers is operating correctly (with a false positive rate of 0.01%):
1233 $ ./util/shlib_wrap.sh test/bntest -stochastic
1235 Note on multi-threading
1236 -----------------------
1238 For some systems, the OpenSSL Configure script knows what compiler options
1239 are needed to generate a library that is suitable for multi-threaded
1240 applications. On these systems, support for multi-threading is enabled
1241 by default; use the "no-threads" option to disable (this should never be
1244 On other systems, to enable support for multi-threading, you will have
1245 to specify at least two options: "threads", and a system-dependent option.
1246 (The latter is "-D_REENTRANT" on various systems.) The default in this
1247 case, obviously, is not to include support for multi-threading (but
1248 you can still use "no-threads" to suppress an annoying warning message
1249 from the Configure script.)
1251 OpenSSL provides built-in support for two threading models: pthreads (found on
1252 most UNIX/Linux systems), and Windows threads. No other threading models are
1253 supported. If your platform does not provide pthreads or Windows threads then
1254 you should Configure with the "no-threads" option.
1256 Notes on shared libraries
1257 -------------------------
1259 For most systems the OpenSSL Configure script knows what is needed to
1260 build shared libraries for libcrypto and libssl. On these systems
1261 the shared libraries will be created by default. This can be suppressed and
1262 only static libraries created by using the "no-shared" option. On systems
1263 where OpenSSL does not know how to build shared libraries the "no-shared"
1264 option will be forced and only static libraries will be created.
1266 Shared libraries are named a little differently on different platforms.
1267 One way or another, they all have the major OpenSSL version number as
1268 part of the file name, i.e. for OpenSSL 1.1.x, 1.1 is somehow part of
1271 On most POSIX platforms, shared libraries are named libcrypto.so.1.1
1274 on Cygwin, shared libraries are named cygcrypto-1.1.dll and cygssl-1.1.dll
1275 with import libraries libcrypto.dll.a and libssl.dll.a.
1277 On Windows build with MSVC or using MingW, shared libraries are named
1278 libcrypto-1_1.dll and libssl-1_1.dll for 32-bit Windows, libcrypto-1_1-x64.dll
1279 and libssl-1_1-x64.dll for 64-bit x86_64 Windows, and libcrypto-1_1-ia64.dll
1280 and libssl-1_1-ia64.dll for IA64 Windows. With MSVC, the import libraries
1281 are named libcrypto.lib and libssl.lib, while with MingW, they are named
1282 libcrypto.dll.a and libssl.dll.a.
1284 On VMS, shareable images (VMS speak for shared libraries) are named
1285 ossl$libcrypto0101_shr.exe and ossl$libssl0101_shr.exe. However, when
1286 OpenSSL is specifically built for 32-bit pointers, the shareable images
1287 are named ossl$libcrypto0101_shr32.exe and ossl$libssl0101_shr32.exe
1288 instead, and when built for 64-bit pointers, they are named
1289 ossl$libcrypto0101_shr64.exe and ossl$libssl0101_shr64.exe.
1291 Note on random number generation
1292 --------------------------------
1294 Availability of cryptographically secure random numbers is required for
1295 secret key generation. OpenSSL provides several options to seed the
1296 internal CSPRNG. If not properly seeded, the internal CSPRNG will refuse
1297 to deliver random bytes and a "PRNG not seeded error" will occur.
1299 The seeding method can be configured using the --with-rand-seed option,
1300 which can be used to specify a comma separated list of seed methods.
1301 However in most cases OpenSSL will choose a suitable default method,
1302 so it is not necessary to explicitly provide this option. Note also
1303 that not all methods are available on all platforms.
1305 I) On operating systems which provide a suitable randomness source (in
1306 form of a system call or system device), OpenSSL will use the optimal
1307 available method to seed the CSPRNG from the operating system's
1308 randomness sources. This corresponds to the option --with-rand-seed=os.
1310 II) On systems without such a suitable randomness source, automatic seeding
1311 and reseeding is disabled (--with-rand-seed=none) and it may be necessary
1312 to install additional support software to obtain a random seed and reseed
1313 the CSPRNG manually. Please check out the manual pages for RAND_add(),
1314 RAND_bytes(), RAND_egd(), and the FAQ for more information.
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