Make it possible to remove methods by the provider that provides them

Make it possible to remove methods by the provider that provides them

This adds ossl_method_store_remove_all_provided(), which selectively
removes methods from the given store that are provided by the given
provider.

This also adds the EVP specific evp_method_store_remove_all_provided(),
which matches ossl_method_store_remove_all_provided() but can also
retrieve the correct store to manipulate for EVP functions.

This allows us to modify ossl_provider_self_test() to do the job it's
supposed to do, but through clearly defined functions instead of a
cache flushing call that previously did more than that.

ossl_provider_deactivate() is also modified to remove methods associated
with the deactivated provider, and not just clearing the cache.

Reviewed-by: Tomas Mraz <tomas@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/18151)