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d657c51f | 1 | systemd System and Service Manager |
220a21d3 | 2 | |
597c52cf LP |
3 | CHANGES WITH 193: |
4 | ||
5 | * journalctl gained a new --cursor= switch to show entries | |
6 | starting from the specified location in the journal. | |
7 | ||
8 | * We now enforce a size limit on journal entry fields exported | |
9 | with "-o json" in journalctl. Fields larger than 4K will be | |
10 | assigned null. This can be turned off with --all. | |
11 | ||
12 | * An (optional) journal gateway daemon is now available as | |
13 | "systemd-journal-gatewayd.service". This service provides | |
14 | access to the journal via HTTP and JSON. This functionality | |
15 | will be used to implement live log synchronization in both | |
16 | pull and push modes, but has various other users too, such | |
17 | as easy log access for debugging of embedded devices. Right | |
18 | now it is already useful to retrieve the journal via HTTP: | |
19 | ||
20 | # systemctl start systemd-journal-gatewayd.service | |
21 | # wget http://localhost:19531/entries | |
22 | ||
23 | This will download the journal contents in a | |
24 | /var/log/messages compatible format. The same as JSON: | |
25 | ||
26 | # curl -H"Accept: application/json" http://localhost:19531/entries | |
27 | ||
28 | This service is also accessible via a web browser where a | |
29 | single static HTML5 app is served that uses the JSON logic | |
30 | to enable the user to do some basic browsing of the | |
31 | journal. This will be extended later on. Here's an example | |
32 | screenshot of this app in its current state: | |
33 | ||
34 | http://0pointer.de/public/journal-gatewayd | |
35 | ||
36 | Contributions from: Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Robert | |
37 | Milasan, Tom Gundersen | |
38 | ||
075d4ecb LP |
39 | CHANGES WITH 192: |
40 | ||
41 | * The bash completion logic is now available for journalctl | |
42 | too. | |
43 | ||
44 | * We don't mount the "cpuset" controller anymore together with | |
45 | "cpu" and "cpuacct", as "cpuset" groups generally cannot be | |
46 | started if no parameters are assigned to it. "cpuset" hence | |
47 | broke code that assumed it it could create "cpu" groups and | |
48 | just start them. | |
49 | ||
50 | * journalctl -f will now subscribe to terminal size changes, | |
51 | and line break accordingly. | |
52 | ||
597c52cf LP |
53 | Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Kay Sievers, Lennart |
54 | Poettering, Lukas Nykrynm, Mirco Tischler, Václav Pavlín | |
075d4ecb | 55 | |
b6a86739 LP |
56 | CHANGES WITH 191: |
57 | ||
58 | * nspawn will now create a symlink /etc/localtime in the | |
59 | container environment, copying the host's timezone | |
60 | setting. Previously this has been done via a bind mount, but | |
61 | since symlinks cannot be bind mounted this has now been | |
62 | changed to create/update the appropriate symlink. | |
63 | ||
64 | * journalctl -n's line number argument is now optional, and | |
65 | will default to 10 if omitted. | |
66 | ||
67 | * journald will now log the maximum size the journal files may | |
68 | take up on disk. This is particularly useful if the default | |
69 | built-in logic of determining this parameter from the file | |
70 | system size is used. Use "systemctl status | |
6563b535 | 71 | systemd-journald.service" to see this information. |
b6a86739 LP |
72 | |
73 | * The multi-seat X wrapper tool has been stripped down. As X | |
74 | is now capable of enumerating graphics devices via udev in a | |
75 | seat-aware way the wrapper is not strictly necessary | |
76 | anymore. A stripped down temporary stop-gap is still shipped | |
77 | until the upstream display managers have been updated to | |
78 | fully support the new X logic. Expect this wrapper to be | |
6563b535 | 79 | removed entirely in one of the next releases. |
b6a86739 LP |
80 | |
81 | * HandleSleepKey= in logind.conf has been split up into | |
82 | HandleSuspendKey= and HandleHibernateKey=. The old setting | |
6563b535 | 83 | is not available anymore. X11 and the kernel are |
b6a86739 LP |
84 | distuingishing between these keys and we should too. This |
85 | also means the inhibition lock for these keys has been split | |
86 | into two. | |
87 | ||
597c52cf LP |
88 | Contributions from: Dave Airlie, Eelco Dolstra, Lennart |
89 | Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Václav Pavlín | |
b6a86739 | 90 | |
0c11f949 LP |
91 | CHANGES WITH 190: |
92 | ||
93 | * Whenever a unit changes state we'll now log this to the | |
94 | journal and show along the unit's own log output in | |
95 | "systemctl status". | |
96 | ||
97 | * ConditionPathIsMountPoint= can now properly detect bind | |
98 | mount points too. (Previously, a bind mount of one file | |
8d0256b7 | 99 | system to another place in the same file system could not be |
0c11f949 LP |
100 | detected as mount, since they shared struct stat's st_dev |
101 | field.) | |
102 | ||
103 | * We will now mount the cgroup controllers cpu, cpuacct, | |
104 | cpuset and the controllers net_cls, net_prio together by | |
105 | default. | |
106 | ||
107 | * nspawn containers will now have a virtualized boot | |
108 | ID. (i.e. /proc/sys/kernel/random/boot_id is now mounted | |
109 | over with a randomized ID at container initialization). This | |
110 | has the effect of making "journalctl -b" do the right thing | |
111 | in a container. | |
112 | ||
113 | * The JSON output journal serialization has been updated not | |
114 | to generate "endless" list objects anymore, but rather one | |
115 | JSON object per line. This is more in line how most JSON | |
116 | parsers expect JSON objects. The new output mode | |
117 | "json-pretty" has been added to provide similar output, but | |
118 | neatly aligned for readability by humans. | |
119 | ||
120 | * We dropped all explicit sync() invocations in the shutdown | |
121 | code. The kernel does this implicitly anyway in the kernel | |
122 | reboot() syscall. halt(8)'s -n option is now a compatibility | |
123 | no-op. | |
124 | ||
125 | * We now support virtualized reboot() in containers, as | |
126 | supported by newer kernels. We will fall back to exit() if | |
127 | CAP_SYS_REBOOT is not available to the container. Also, | |
128 | nspawn makes use of this now and will actually reboot the | |
129 | container if the containerized OS asks for that. | |
130 | ||
131 | * journalctl will only show local log output by default | |
132 | now. Use --merge (-m) to show remote log output, too. | |
133 | ||
134 | * libsystemd-journal gained the new sd_journal_get_usage() | |
135 | call to determine the current disk usage of all journal | |
136 | files. This is exposed in the new "journalctl --disk-usage" | |
137 | command. | |
138 | ||
139 | * journald gained a new configuration setting SplitMode= in | |
140 | journald.conf which may be used to control how user journals | |
141 | are split off. See journald.conf(5) for details. | |
142 | ||
143 | * A new condition type ConditionFileNotEmpty= has been added. | |
144 | ||
145 | * tmpfiles' "w" lines now support file globbing, to write | |
146 | multiple files at once. | |
147 | ||
148 | * We added Python bindings for the journal submission | |
149 | APIs. More Python APIs for a number of selected APIs will | |
150 | likely follow. Note that we intend to add native bindings | |
151 | only for the Python language, as we consider it common | |
152 | enough to deserve bindings shipped within systemd. There are | |
153 | various projects outside of systemd that provide bindings | |
154 | for languages such as PHP or Lua. | |
155 | ||
a98d5d64 LP |
156 | * Many conditions will now resolve specifiers such as %i. In |
157 | addition, PathChanged= and related directives of .path units | |
158 | now support specifiers as well. | |
0c11f949 LP |
159 | |
160 | * There's now a new RPM macro definition for the system preset | |
161 | dir: %_presetdir. | |
162 | ||
163 | * journald will now warn if it can't foward a message to the | |
164 | syslog daemon because it's socket is full. | |
165 | ||
166 | * timedated will no longer write or process /etc/timezone, | |
167 | except on Debian. As we do not support late mounted /usr | |
168 | anymore /etc/localtime always being a symlink is now safe, | |
169 | and hence the information in /etc/timezone is not necessary | |
170 | anymore. | |
171 | ||
aaccc32c | 172 | * logind will now always reserve one VT for a text getty (VT6 |
0c11f949 LP |
173 | by default). Previously if more than 6 X sessions where |
174 | started they took up all the VTs with auto-spawned gettys, | |
175 | so that no text gettys were available anymore. | |
176 | ||
177 | * udev will now automatically inform the btrfs kernel logic | |
178 | about btrfs RAID components showing up. This should make | |
179 | simple hotplug based btrfs RAID assembly work. | |
180 | ||
181 | * PID 1 will now increase its RLIMIT_NOFILE to 64K by default | |
182 | (but not for its children which will stay at the kernel | |
183 | default). This should allow setups with a lot more listening | |
184 | sockets. | |
185 | ||
186 | * systemd will now always pass the configured timezone to the | |
187 | kernel at boot. timedated will do the same when the timezone | |
188 | is changed. | |
189 | ||
190 | * logind's inhibition logic has been updated. By default, | |
191 | logind will now handle the lid switch, the power and sleep | |
192 | keys all the time, even in graphical sessions. If DEs want | |
193 | to handle these events on their own they should take the new | |
194 | handle-power-key, handle-sleep-key and handle-lid-switch | |
195 | inhibitors during their runtime. A simple way to achiveve | |
196 | that is to invoke the DE wrapped in an invocation of: | |
197 | ||
198 | systemd-inhibit --what=handle-power-key:handle-sleep-key:handle-lid-switch ... | |
199 | ||
200 | * Access to unit operations is now checked via SELinux taking | |
201 | the unit file label and client process label into account. | |
202 | ||
aad803af LP |
203 | * systemd will now notify the administrator in the journal |
204 | when he over-mounts a non-empty directory. | |
205 | ||
206 | * There are new specifiers that are resolved in unit files, | |
207 | for the host name (%H), the machine ID (%m) and the boot ID | |
208 | (%b). | |
209 | ||
b6a86739 | 210 | Contributions from: Allin Cottrell, Auke Kok, Brandon Philips, |
0c11f949 LP |
211 | Colin Guthrie, Colin Walters, Daniel J Walsh, Dave Reisner, |
212 | Eelco Dolstra, Jan Engelhardt, Kay Sievers, Lennart | |
213 | Poettering, Lucas De Marchi, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas, | |
214 | Martin Pitt, Matthias Clasen, Michael Olbrich, Pierre Schmitz, | |
215 | Shawn Landden, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Tom Gundersen, | |
216 | Václav Pavlín, Yin Kangkai, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
217 | ||
38a60d71 LP |
218 | CHANGES WITH 189: |
219 | ||
220 | * Support for reading structured kernel messages from | |
221 | /dev/kmsg has now been added and is enabled by default. | |
222 | ||
223 | * Support for reading kernel messages from /proc/kmsg has now | |
224 | been removed. If you want kernel messages in the journal | |
225 | make sure to run a recent kernel (>= 3.5) that supports | |
226 | reading structured messages from /dev/kmsg (see | |
227 | above). /proc/kmsg is now exclusive property of classic | |
228 | syslog daemons again. | |
229 | ||
230 | * The libudev API gained the new | |
231 | udev_device_new_from_device_id() call. | |
232 | ||
233 | * The logic for file system namespace (ReadOnlyDirectory=, | |
234 | ReadWriteDirectoy=, PrivateTmp=) has been reworked not to | |
235 | require pivot_root() anymore. This means fewer temporary | |
236 | directories are created below /tmp for this feature. | |
237 | ||
238 | * nspawn containers will now see and receive all submounts | |
239 | made on the host OS below the root file system of the | |
240 | container. | |
241 | ||
242 | * Forward Secure Sealing is now supported for Journal files, | |
243 | which provide cryptographical sealing of journal files so | |
244 | that attackers cannot alter log history anymore without this | |
245 | being detectable. Lennart will soon post a blog story about | |
246 | this explaining it in more detail. | |
247 | ||
248 | * There are two new service settings RestartPreventExitStatus= | |
249 | and SuccessExitStatus= which allow configuration of exit | |
250 | status (exit code or signal) which will be excepted from the | |
251 | restart logic, resp. consider successful. | |
252 | ||
253 | * journalctl gained the new --verify switch that can be used | |
254 | to check the integrity of the structure of journal files and | |
255 | (if Forward Secure Sealing is enabled) the contents of | |
256 | journal files. | |
257 | ||
258 | * nspawn containers will now be run with /dev/stdin, /dev/fd/ | |
259 | and similar symlinks pre-created. This makes running shells | |
260 | as container init process a lot more fun. | |
261 | ||
262 | * The fstab support can now handle PARTUUID= and PARTLABEL= | |
263 | entries. | |
264 | ||
265 | * A new ConditionHost= condition has been added to match | |
266 | against the hostname (with globs) and machine ID. This is | |
267 | useful for clusters where a single OS image is used to | |
268 | provision a large number of hosts which shall run slightly | |
269 | different sets of services. | |
270 | ||
271 | * Services which hit the restart limit will now be placed in a | |
272 | failure state. | |
273 | ||
b6a86739 | 274 | Contributions from: Bertram Poettering, Dave Reisner, Huang |
38a60d71 LP |
275 | Hang, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Martin |
276 | Pitt, Simon Peeters, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
277 | ||
c269cec3 LP |
278 | CHANGES WITH 188: |
279 | ||
280 | * When running in --user mode systemd will now become a | |
281 | subreaper (PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER). This should make the ps | |
282 | tree a lot more organized. | |
283 | ||
284 | * A new PartOf= unit dependency type has been introduced that | |
285 | may be used to group services in a natural way. | |
286 | ||
287 | * "systemctl enable" may now be used to enable instances of | |
288 | services. | |
289 | ||
290 | * journalctl now prints error log levels in red, and | |
291 | warning/notice log levels in bright white. It also supports | |
292 | filtering by log level now. | |
293 | ||
294 | * cgtop gained a new -n switch (similar to top), to configure | |
295 | the maximum number of iterations to run for. It also gained | |
296 | -b, to run in batch mode (accepting no input). | |
297 | ||
298 | * The suffix ".service" may now be ommited on most systemctl | |
299 | command lines involving service unit names. | |
300 | ||
301 | * There's a new bus call in logind to lock all sessions, as | |
302 | well as a loginctl verb for it "lock-sessions". | |
303 | ||
304 | * libsystemd-logind.so gained a new call sd_journal_perror() | |
305 | that works similar to libc perror() but logs to the journal | |
306 | and encodes structured information about the error number. | |
307 | ||
308 | * /etc/crypttab entries now understand the new keyfile-size= | |
309 | option. | |
310 | ||
311 | * shutdown(8) now can send a (configurable) wall message when | |
312 | a shutdown is cancelled. | |
313 | ||
314 | * The mount propagation mode for the root file system will now | |
315 | default to "shared", which is useful to make containers work | |
316 | nicely out-of-the-box so that they receive new mounts from | |
317 | the host. This can be undone locally by running "mount | |
318 | --make-rprivate /" if needed. | |
319 | ||
320 | * The prefdm.service file has been removed. Distributions | |
321 | should maintain this unit downstream if they intend to keep | |
322 | it around. However, we recommend writing normal unit files | |
323 | for display managers instead. | |
324 | ||
325 | * Since systemd is a crucial part of the OS we will now | |
326 | default to a number of compiler switches that improve | |
327 | security (hardening) such as read-only relocations, stack | |
328 | protection, and suchlike. | |
329 | ||
330 | * The TimeoutSec= setting for services is now split into | |
331 | TimeoutStartSec= and TimeoutStopSec= to allow configuration | |
332 | of individual time outs for the start and the stop phase of | |
333 | the service. | |
334 | ||
335 | Contributions from: Artur Zaprzala, Arvydas Sidorenko, Auke | |
336 | Kok, Bryan Kadzban, Dave Reisner, David Strauss, Harald Hoyer, | |
337 | Jim Meyering, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Mantas | |
338 | Mikulėnas, Martin Pitt, Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Peter | |
339 | Alfredsen, Shawn Landden, Simon Peeters, Terence Honles, Tom | |
340 | Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
341 | ||
c4f1b862 LP |
342 | CHANGES WITH 187: |
343 | ||
344 | * The journal and id128 C APIs are now fully documented as man | |
345 | pages. | |
346 | ||
347 | * Extra safety checks have been added when transitioning from | |
348 | the initial RAM disk to the main system to avoid accidental | |
349 | data loss. | |
350 | ||
c269cec3 | 351 | * /etc/crypttab entries now understand the new keyfile-offset= |
c4f1b862 LP |
352 | option. |
353 | ||
354 | * systemctl -t can now be used to filter by unit load state. | |
355 | ||
356 | * The journal C API gained the new sd_journal_wait() call to | |
357 | make writing synchronous journal clients easier. | |
358 | ||
359 | * journalctl gained the new -D switch to show journals from a | |
360 | specific directory. | |
361 | ||
362 | * journalctl now displays a special marker between log | |
363 | messages of two different boots. | |
364 | ||
365 | * The journal is now explicitly flushed to /var via a service | |
366 | systemd-journal-flush.service, rather than implicitly simply | |
367 | by seeing /var/log/journal to be writable. | |
368 | ||
369 | * journalctl (and the journal C APIs) can now match for much | |
370 | more complex expressions, with alternatives and | |
371 | disjunctions. | |
372 | ||
373 | * When transitioning from the initial RAM disk to the main | |
374 | system we will now kill all processes in a killing spree to | |
375 | ensure no processes stay around by accident. | |
376 | ||
377 | * Three new specifiers may be used in unit files: %u, %h, %s | |
378 | resolve to the user name, user home directory resp. user | |
379 | shell. This is useful for running systemd user instances. | |
380 | ||
381 | * We now automatically rotate journal files if their data | |
382 | object hash table gets a fill level > 75%. We also size the | |
383 | hash table based on the configured maximum file size. This | |
384 | together should lower hash collisions drastically and thus | |
385 | speed things up a bit. | |
386 | ||
387 | * journalctl gained the new "--header" switch to introspect | |
388 | header data of journal files. | |
389 | ||
390 | * A new setting SystemCallFilters= has been added to services | |
391 | which may be used to apply blacklists or whitelists to | |
392 | system calls. This is based on SECCOMP Mode 2 of Linux 3.5. | |
393 | ||
394 | * nspawn gained a new --link-journal= switch (and quicker: -j) | |
395 | to link the container journal with the host. This makes it | |
396 | very easy to centralize log viewing on the host for all | |
397 | guests while still keeping the journal files separated. | |
398 | ||
399 | * Many bugfixes and optimizations | |
400 | ||
401 | Contributions from: Auke Kok, Eelco Dolstra, Harald Hoyer, Kay | |
402 | Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Malte Starostik, Paul Menzel, Rex | |
403 | Tsai, Shawn Landden, Tom Gundersen, Ville Skyttä, Zbigniew | |
404 | Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
405 | ||
b5b4c94a LP |
406 | CHANGES WITH 186: |
407 | ||
408 | * Several tools now understand kernel command line arguments, | |
409 | which are only read when run in an initial RAM disk. They | |
410 | usually follow closely their normal counterparts, but are | |
411 | prefixed with rd. | |
412 | ||
413 | * There's a new tool to analyze the readahead files that are | |
414 | automatically generated at boot. Use: | |
415 | ||
416 | /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-readahead analyze /.readahead | |
417 | ||
418 | * We now provide an early debug shell on tty9 if this enabled. Use: | |
419 | ||
d1f9edaf | 420 | systemctl enable debug-shell.service |
b5b4c94a LP |
421 | |
422 | * All plymouth related units have been moved into the Plymouth | |
423 | package. Please make sure to upgrade your Plymouth version | |
424 | as well. | |
425 | ||
426 | * systemd-tmpfiles now supports getting passed the basename of | |
427 | a configuration file only, in which case it will look for it | |
428 | in all appropriate directories automatically. | |
429 | ||
430 | * udevadm info now takes a /dev or /sys path as argument, and | |
431 | does the right thing. Example: | |
432 | ||
433 | udevadm info /dev/sda | |
434 | udevadm info /sys/class/block/sda | |
435 | ||
436 | * systemctl now prints a warning if a unit is stopped but a | |
437 | unit that might trigger it continues to run. Example: a | |
438 | service is stopped but the socket that activates it is left | |
439 | running. | |
440 | ||
441 | * "systemctl status" will now mention if the log output was | |
442 | shortened due to rotation since a service has been started. | |
443 | ||
444 | * The journal API now exposes functions to determine the | |
445 | "cutoff" times due to rotation. | |
446 | ||
447 | * journald now understands SIGUSR1 and SIGUSR2 for triggering | |
448 | immediately flushing of runtime logs to /var if possible, | |
449 | resp. for triggering immediate rotation of the journal | |
450 | files. | |
451 | ||
452 | * It is now considered an error if a service is attempted to | |
453 | be stopped that is not loaded. | |
454 | ||
455 | * XDG_RUNTIME_DIR now uses numeric UIDs instead of usernames. | |
456 | ||
457 | * systemd-analyze now supports Python 3 | |
458 | ||
459 | * tmpfiles now supports cleaning up directories via aging | |
460 | where the first level dirs are always kept around but | |
461 | directories beneath it automatically aged. This is enabled | |
462 | by prefixing the age field with '~'. | |
463 | ||
464 | * Seat objects now expose CanGraphical, CanTTY properties | |
465 | which is required to deal with very fast bootups where the | |
466 | display manager might be running before the graphics drivers | |
467 | completed initialization. | |
468 | ||
469 | * Seat objects now expose a State property. | |
470 | ||
471 | * We now include RPM macros for service enabling/disabling | |
472 | based on the preset logic. We recommend RPM based | |
473 | distributions to make use of these macros if possible. This | |
474 | makes it simpler to reuse RPM spec files across | |
475 | distributions. | |
476 | ||
477 | * We now make sure that the collected systemd unit name is | |
478 | always valid when services log to the journal via | |
479 | STDOUT/STDERR. | |
480 | ||
481 | * There's a new man page kernel-command-line(7) detailing all | |
482 | command line options we understand. | |
483 | ||
484 | * The fstab generator may now be disabled at boot by passing | |
485 | fstab=0 on the kernel command line. | |
486 | ||
91ac7425 | 487 | * A new kernel command line option modules-load= is now understood |
b5b4c94a LP |
488 | to load a specific kernel module statically, early at boot. |
489 | ||
490 | * Unit names specified on the systemctl command line are now | |
491 | automatically escaped as needed. Also, if file system or | |
492 | device paths are specified they are automatically turned | |
493 | into the appropriate mount or device unit names. Example: | |
494 | ||
495 | systemctl status /home | |
496 | systemctl status /dev/sda | |
497 | ||
498 | * The SysVConsole= configuration option has been removed from | |
499 | system.conf parsing. | |
500 | ||
501 | * The SysV search path is no longer exported on the D-Bus | |
502 | Manager object. | |
503 | ||
504 | * The Names= option is been removed from unit file parsing. | |
505 | ||
506 | * There's a new man page bootup(7) detailing the boot process. | |
507 | ||
508 | * Every unit and every generator we ship with systemd now | |
509 | comes with full documentation. The self-explanatory boot is | |
510 | complete. | |
511 | ||
512 | * A couple of services gained "systemd-" prefixes in their | |
513 | name if they wrap systemd code, rather than only external | |
514 | code. Among them fsck@.service which is now | |
515 | systemd-fsck@.service. | |
516 | ||
517 | * The HaveWatchdog property has been removed from the D-Bus | |
518 | Manager object. | |
519 | ||
520 | * systemd.confirm_spawn= on the kernel command line should now | |
521 | work sensibly. | |
522 | ||
523 | * There's a new man page crypttab(5) which details all options | |
524 | we actually understand. | |
525 | ||
526 | * systemd-nspawn gained a new --capability= switch to pass | |
527 | additional capabilities to the container. | |
528 | ||
529 | * timedated will now read known NTP implementation unit names | |
5b00c016 | 530 | from /usr/lib/systemd/ntp-units.d/*.list, |
b5b4c94a LP |
531 | systemd-timedated-ntp.target has been removed. |
532 | ||
533 | * journalctl gained a new switch "-b" that lists log data of | |
534 | the current boot only. | |
535 | ||
536 | * The notify socket is in the abstract namespace again, in | |
537 | order to support daemons which chroot() at start-up. | |
538 | ||
539 | * There is a new Storage= configuration option for journald | |
540 | which allows configuration of where log data should go. This | |
541 | also provides a way to disable journal logging entirely, so | |
542 | that data collected is only forwarded to the console, the | |
543 | kernel log buffer or another syslog implementation. | |
544 | ||
c4f1b862 | 545 | * Many bugfixes and optimizations |
b5b4c94a | 546 | |
2d938ac7 LP |
547 | Contributions from: Auke Kok, Colin Guthrie, Dave Reisner, |
548 | David Strauss, Eelco Dolstra, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, | |
549 | Lukas Nykryn, Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Paul Menzel, | |
550 | Shawn Landden, Tom Gundersen | |
b5b4c94a | 551 | |
2d197285 | 552 | CHANGES WITH 185: |
b6a86739 | 553 | |
2d197285 KS |
554 | * "systemctl help <unit>" now shows the man page if one is |
555 | available. | |
556 | ||
557 | * Several new man pages have been added. | |
558 | ||
b5b4c94a LP |
559 | * MaxLevelStore=, MaxLevelSyslog=, MaxLevelKMsg=, |
560 | MaxLevelConsole= can now be specified in | |
561 | journald.conf. These options allow reducing the amount of | |
562 | data stored on disk or forwarded by the log level. | |
2d197285 | 563 | |
b5b4c94a LP |
564 | * TimerSlackNSec= can now be specified in system.conf for |
565 | PID1. This allows system-wide power savings. | |
2d197285 KS |
566 | |
567 | Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Kay Sievers, Lauri Kasanen, | |
568 | Lennart Poettering, Malte Starostik, Marc-Antoine Perennou, | |
569 | Matthias Clasen | |
570 | ||
4c8cd173 | 571 | CHANGES WITH 184: |
b6a86739 | 572 | |
4c8cd173 LP |
573 | * logind is now capable of (optionally) handling power and |
574 | sleep keys as well as the lid switch. | |
575 | ||
576 | * journalctl now understands the syntax "journalctl | |
577 | /usr/bin/avahi-daemon" to get all log output of a specific | |
578 | daemon. | |
579 | ||
580 | * CapabilityBoundingSet= in system.conf now also influences | |
581 | the capability bound set of usermode helpers of the kernel. | |
582 | ||
583 | Contributions from: Daniel Drake, Daniel J. Walsh, Gert | |
584 | Michael Kulyk, Harald Hoyer, Jean Delvare, Kay Sievers, | |
585 | Lennart Poettering, Matthew Garrett, Matthias Clasen, Paul | |
586 | Menzel, Shawn Landden, Tero Roponen, Tom Gundersen | |
587 | ||
ea5943d3 | 588 | CHANGES WITH 183: |
b6a86739 | 589 | |
187076d4 LP |
590 | * Note that we skipped 139 releases here in order to set the |
591 | new version to something that is greater than both udev's | |
592 | and systemd's most recent version number. | |
593 | ||
194bbe33 KS |
594 | * udev: all udev sources are merged into the systemd source tree now. |
595 | All future udev development will happen in the systemd tree. It | |
596 | is still fully supported to use the udev daemon and tools without | |
597 | systemd running, like in initramfs or other init systems. Building | |
598 | udev though, will require the *build* of the systemd tree, but | |
ea5943d3 | 599 | udev can be properly *run* without systemd. |
07cd4fc1 | 600 | |
91cf7e5c | 601 | * udev: /lib/udev/devices/ are not read anymore; systemd-tmpfiles |
f13b388f KS |
602 | should be used to create dead device nodes as workarounds for broken |
603 | subsystems. | |
64661ee7 | 604 | |
2d13da88 KS |
605 | * udev: RUN+="socket:..." and udev_monitor_new_from_socket() is |
606 | no longer supported. udev_monitor_new_from_netlink() needs to be | |
607 | used to subscribe to events. | |
608 | ||
194bbe33 KS |
609 | * udev: when udevd is started by systemd, processes which are left |
610 | behind by forking them off of udev rules, are unconditionally cleaned | |
611 | up and killed now after the event handling has finished. Services or | |
612 | daemons must be started as systemd services. Services can be | |
ea5943d3 | 613 | pulled-in by udev to get started, but they can no longer be directly |
194bbe33 KS |
614 | forked by udev rules. |
615 | ||
f13b388f KS |
616 | * udev: the daemon binary is called systemd-udevd now and installed |
617 | in /usr/lib/systemd/. Standalone builds or non-systemd systems need | |
618 | to adapt to that, create symlink, or rename the binary after building | |
619 | it. | |
620 | ||
ea5943d3 | 621 | * libudev no longer provides these symbols: |
c1959569 KS |
622 | udev_monitor_from_socket() |
623 | udev_queue_get_failed_list_entry() | |
624 | udev_get_{dev,sys,run}_path() | |
ea5943d3 | 625 | The versions number was bumped and symbol versioning introduced. |
c1959569 | 626 | |
ea5943d3 | 627 | * systemd-loginctl and systemd-journalctl have been renamed |
9ae9afce | 628 | to loginctl and journalctl to match systemctl. |
18b754d3 KS |
629 | |
630 | * The config files: /etc/systemd/systemd-logind.conf and | |
631 | /etc/systemd/systemd-journald.conf have been renamed to | |
632 | logind.conf and journald.conf. Package updates should rename | |
633 | the files to the new names on upgrade. | |
634 | ||
ea5943d3 LP |
635 | * For almost all files the license is now LGPL2.1+, changed |
636 | from the previous GPL2.0+. Exceptions are some minor stuff | |
637 | of udev (which will be changed to LGPL2.1 eventually, too), | |
638 | and the MIT licensed sd-daemon.[ch] library that is suitable | |
639 | to be used as drop-in files. | |
640 | ||
641 | * systemd and logind now handle system sleep states, in | |
49f43d5f | 642 | particular suspending and hibernating. |
ea5943d3 LP |
643 | |
644 | * logind now implements a sleep/shutdown/idle inhibiting logic | |
645 | suitable for a variety of uses. Soonishly Lennart will blog | |
646 | about this in more detail. | |
647 | ||
648 | * var-run.mount and var-lock.mount are no longer provided | |
649 | (which prevously bind mounted these directories to their new | |
650 | places). Distributions which have not converted these | |
651 | directories to symlinks should consider stealing these files | |
652 | from git history and add them downstream. | |
653 | ||
654 | * We introduced the Documentation= field for units and added | |
655 | this to all our shipped units. This is useful to make it | |
3943231c | 656 | easier to explore the boot and the purpose of the various |
ea5943d3 LP |
657 | units. |
658 | ||
659 | * All smaller setup units (such as | |
660 | systemd-vconsole-setup.service) now detect properly if they | |
661 | are run in a container and are skipped when | |
662 | appropriate. This guarantees an entirely noise-free boot in | |
663 | Linux container environments such as systemd-nspawn. | |
664 | ||
665 | * A framework for implementing offline system updates is now | |
666 | integrated, for details see: | |
667 | http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/SystemUpdates | |
668 | ||
669 | * A new service type Type=idle is available now which helps us | |
670 | avoiding ugly interleaving of getty output and boot status | |
671 | messages. | |
672 | ||
439d6dfd LP |
673 | * There's now a system-wide CapabilityBoundingSet= option to |
674 | globally reduce the set of capabilities for the | |
ea5943d3 LP |
675 | system. This is useful to drop CAP_SYS_MKNOD, CAP_SYS_RAWIO, |
676 | CAP_NET_RAW, CAP_SYS_MODULE, CAP_SYS_TIME, CAP_SYS_PTRACE or | |
677 | even CAP_NET_ADMIN system-wide for secure systems. | |
678 | ||
679 | * There are now system-wide DefaultLimitXXX= options to | |
680 | globally change the defaults of the various resource limits | |
681 | for all units started by PID 1. | |
682 | ||
683 | * Harald Hoyer's systemd test suite has been integrated into | |
684 | systemd which allows easy testing of systemd builds in qemu | |
685 | and nspawn. (This is really awesome! Ask us for details!) | |
686 | ||
3943231c LP |
687 | * The fstab parser is now implemented as generator, not inside |
688 | of PID 1 anymore. | |
ea5943d3 LP |
689 | |
690 | * systemctl will now warn you if .mount units generated from | |
691 | /etc/fstab are out of date due to changes in fstab that | |
692 | haven't been read by systemd yet. | |
693 | ||
694 | * systemd is now suitable for usage in initrds. Dracut has | |
695 | already been updated to make use of this. With this in place | |
696 | initrds get a slight bit faster but primarily are much | |
697 | easier to introspect and debug since "systemctl status" in | |
698 | the host system can be used to introspect initrd services, | |
699 | and the journal from the initrd is kept around too. | |
700 | ||
701 | * systemd-delta has been added, a tool to explore differences | |
702 | between user/admin configuration and vendor defaults. | |
703 | ||
704 | * PrivateTmp= now affects both /tmp and /var/tmp. | |
705 | ||
706 | * Boot time status messages are now much prettier and feature | |
707 | proper english language. Booting up systemd has never been | |
708 | so sexy. | |
709 | ||
710 | * Read-ahead pack files now include the inode number of all | |
711 | files to pre-cache. When the inode changes the pre-caching | |
712 | is not attempted. This should be nicer to deal with updated | |
713 | packages which might result in changes of read-ahead | |
714 | patterns. | |
715 | ||
716 | * We now temporaritly lower the kernel's read_ahead_kb variable | |
717 | when collecting read-ahead data to ensure the kernel's | |
718 | built-in read-ahead does not add noise to our measurements | |
719 | of necessary blocks to pre-cache. | |
720 | ||
721 | * There's now RequiresMountsFor= to add automatic dependencies | |
722 | for all mounts necessary for a specific file system path. | |
723 | ||
724 | * MountAuto= and SwapAuto= have been removed from | |
725 | system.conf. Mounting file systems at boot has to take place | |
726 | in systemd now. | |
727 | ||
728 | * nspawn now learned a new switch --uuid= to set the machine | |
729 | ID on the command line. | |
730 | ||
f8c0a2cb | 731 | * nspawn now learned the -b switch to automatically search |
ea5943d3 LP |
732 | for an init system. |
733 | ||
734 | * vt102 is now the default TERM for serial TTYs, upgraded from | |
735 | vt100. | |
736 | ||
737 | * systemd-logind now works on VT-less systems. | |
738 | ||
739 | * The build tree has been reorganized. The individual | |
3943231c | 740 | components now have directories of their own. |
ea5943d3 LP |
741 | |
742 | * A new condition type ConditionPathIsReadWrite= is now available. | |
743 | ||
744 | * nspawn learned the new -C switch to create cgroups for the | |
745 | container in other hierarchies. | |
746 | ||
747 | * We now have support for hardware watchdogs, configurable in | |
748 | system.conf. | |
749 | ||
750 | * The scheduled shutdown logic now has a public API. | |
751 | ||
752 | * We now mount /tmp as tmpfs by default, but this can be | |
753 | masked and /etc/fstab can override it. | |
754 | ||
755 | * Since udisks doesn't make use of /media anymore we are not | |
756 | mounting a tmpfs on it anymore. | |
757 | ||
758 | * journalctl gained a new --local switch to only interleave | |
759 | locally generated journal files. | |
760 | ||
761 | * We can now load the IMA policy at boot automatically. | |
762 | ||
763 | * The GTK tools have been split off into a systemd-ui. | |
764 | ||
79849bf9 LP |
765 | Contributions from: Andreas Schwab, Auke Kok, Ayan George, |
766 | Colin Guthrie, Daniel Mack, Dave Reisner, David Ward, Elan | |
767 | Ruusamäe, Frederic Crozat, Gergely Nagy, Guillermo Vidal, | |
768 | Hannes Reinecke, Harald Hoyer, Javier Jardón, Kay Sievers, | |
769 | Lennart Poettering, Lucas De Marchi, Léo Gillot-Lamure, | |
770 | Marc-Antoine Perennou, Martin Pitt, Matthew Monaco, Maxim | |
771 | A. Mikityanskiy, Michael Biebl, Michael Olbrich, Michal | |
772 | Schmidt, Nis Martensen, Patrick McCarty, Roberto Sassu, Shawn | |
773 | Landden, Sjoerd Simons, Sven Anders, Tollef Fog Heen, Tom | |
774 | Gundersen | |
775 | ||
16f1239e | 776 | CHANGES WITH 44: |
b6a86739 | 777 | |
16f1239e LP |
778 | * This is mostly a bugfix release |
779 | ||
780 | * Support optional initialization of the machine ID from the | |
781 | KVM or container configured UUID. | |
782 | ||
783 | * Support immediate reboots with "systemctl reboot -ff" | |
784 | ||
785 | * Show /etc/os-release data in systemd-analyze output | |
786 | ||
787 | * Many bugfixes for the journal, including endianess fixes and | |
788 | ensuring that disk space enforcement works | |
789 | ||
790 | * sd-login.h is C++ comptaible again | |
791 | ||
792 | * Extend the /etc/os-release format on request of the Debian | |
793 | folks | |
794 | ||
795 | * We now refuse non-UTF8 strings used in various configuration | |
796 | and unit files. This is done to ensure we don't pass invalid | |
797 | data over D-Bus or expose it elsewhere. | |
798 | ||
799 | * Register Mimo USB Screens as suitable for automatic seat | |
800 | configuration | |
801 | ||
802 | * Read SELinux client context from journal clients in a race | |
803 | free fashion | |
804 | ||
805 | * Reorder configuration file lookup order. /etc now always | |
806 | overrides /run in order to allow the administrator to always | |
807 | and unconditionally override vendor supplied or | |
808 | automatically generated data. | |
809 | ||
810 | * The various user visible bits of the journal now have man | |
811 | pages. We still lack man pages for the journal API calls | |
812 | however. | |
813 | ||
814 | * We now ship all man pages in HTML format again in the | |
815 | tarball. | |
816 | ||
817 | Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Dirk Eibach, Frederic | |
818 | Crozat, Harald Hoyer, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Marti | |
819 | Raudsepp, Michal Schmidt, Shawn Landden, Tero Roponen, Thierry | |
820 | Reding | |
821 | ||
437b7dee | 822 | CHANGES WITH 43: |
b6a86739 | 823 | |
437b7dee LP |
824 | * This is mostly a bugfix release |
825 | ||
826 | * systems lacking /etc/os-release are no longer supported. | |
827 | ||
828 | * Various functionality updates to libsystemd-login.so | |
829 | ||
830 | * Track class of PAM logins to distuingish greeters from | |
831 | normal user logins. | |
832 | ||
833 | Contributions from: Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael | |
834 | Biebl | |
835 | ||
204fa33c | 836 | CHANGES WITH 42: |
b6a86739 | 837 | |
204fa33c LP |
838 | * This is an important bugfix release for v41. |
839 | ||
840 | * Building man pages is now optional which should be useful | |
841 | for those building systemd from git but unwilling to install | |
842 | xsltproc. | |
843 | ||
844 | * Watchdog support for supervising services is now usable. In | |
845 | a future release support for hardware watchdogs | |
846 | (i.e. /dev/watchdog) will be added building on this. | |
847 | ||
848 | * Service start rate limiting is now configurable and can be | |
849 | turned off per service. When a start rate limit is hit a | |
850 | reboot can automatically be triggered. | |
851 | ||
852 | * New CanReboot(), CanPowerOff() bus calls in systemd-logind. | |
853 | ||
854 | Contributions from: Benjamin Franzke, Bill Nottingham, | |
855 | Frederic Crozat, Lennart Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal | |
856 | Schmidt, Michał Górny, Piotr Drąg | |
857 | ||
e0d25329 | 858 | CHANGES WITH 41: |
b6a86739 | 859 | |
e0d25329 KS |
860 | * The systemd binary is installed /usr/lib/systemd/systemd now; |
861 | An existing /sbin/init symlink needs to be adapted with the | |
862 | package update. | |
863 | ||
b13df964 LP |
864 | * The code that loads kernel modules has been ported to invoke |
865 | libkmod directly, instead of modprobe. This means we do not | |
866 | support systems with module-init-tools anymore. | |
867 | ||
868 | * Watchdog support is now already useful, but still not | |
869 | complete. | |
870 | ||
871 | * A new kernel command line option systemd.setenv= is | |
872 | understood to set system wide environment variables | |
873 | dynamically at boot. | |
874 | ||
ccd07a08 LP |
875 | * We now limit the set of capabilities of systemd-journald. |
876 | ||
353e12c2 LP |
877 | * We now set SIGPIPE to ignore by default, since it only is |
878 | useful in shell pipelines, and has little use in general | |
879 | code. This can be disabled with IgnoreSIPIPE=no in unit | |
880 | files. | |
881 | ||
b13df964 LP |
882 | Contributions from: Benjamin Franzke, Kay Sievers, Lennart |
883 | Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal Schmidt, Tom Gundersen, | |
884 | William Douglas | |
885 | ||
d26e4270 | 886 | CHANGES WITH 40: |
b6a86739 | 887 | |
d26e4270 LP |
888 | * This is mostly a bugfix release |
889 | ||
890 | * We now expose the reason why a service failed in the | |
891 | "Result" D-Bus property. | |
892 | ||
893 | * Rudimentary service watchdog support (will be completed over | |
894 | the next few releases.) | |
895 | ||
896 | * When systemd forks off in order execute some service we will | |
897 | now immediately changes its argv[0] to reflect which process | |
898 | it will execute. This is useful to minimize the time window | |
899 | with a generic argv[0], which makes bootcharts more useful | |
900 | ||
b13df964 LP |
901 | Contributions from: Alvaro Soliverez, Chris Paulson-Ellis, Kay |
902 | Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal Schmidt, | |
903 | Mike Kazantsev, Ray Strode | |
904 | ||
220a21d3 | 905 | CHANGES WITH 39: |
b6a86739 | 906 | |
220a21d3 LP |
907 | * This is mostly a test release, but incorporates many |
908 | bugfixes. | |
909 | ||
910 | * New systemd-cgtop tool to show control groups by their | |
911 | resource usage. | |
912 | ||
913 | * Linking against libacl for ACLs is optional again. If | |
914 | disabled, support tracking device access for active logins | |
915 | goes becomes unavailable, and so does access to the user | |
916 | journals by the respective users. | |
917 | ||
918 | * If a group "adm" exists, journal files are automatically | |
919 | owned by them, thus allow members of this group full access | |
920 | to the system journal as well as all user journals. | |
921 | ||
922 | * The journal now stores the SELinux context of the logging | |
923 | client for all entries. | |
924 | ||
925 | * Add C++ inclusion guards to all public headers | |
926 | ||
927 | * New output mode "cat" in the journal to print only text | |
928 | messages, without any meta data like date or time. | |
929 | ||
930 | * Include tiny X server wrapper as a temporary stop-gap to | |
931 | teach XOrg udev display enumeration. This is used by display | |
932 | managers such as gdm, and will go away as soon as XOrg | |
933 | learned native udev hotplugging for display devices. | |
934 | ||
935 | * Add new systemd-cat tool for executing arbitrary programs | |
936 | with STDERR/STDOUT connected to the journal. Can also act as | |
937 | BSD logger replacement, and does so by default. | |
938 | ||
939 | * Optionally store all locally generated coredumps in the | |
940 | journal along with meta data. | |
941 | ||
942 | * systemd-tmpfiles learnt four new commands: n, L, c, b, for | |
943 | writing short strings to files (for usage for /sys), and for | |
944 | creating symlinks, character and block device nodes. | |
945 | ||
946 | * New unit file option ControlGroupPersistent= to make cgroups | |
947 | persistent, following the mechanisms outlined in | |
948 | http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PaxControlGroups | |
949 | ||
950 | * Support multiple local RTCs in a sane way | |
951 | ||
952 | * No longer monopolize IO when replaying readahead data on | |
953 | rotating disks, since we might starve non-file-system IO to | |
954 | death, since fanotify() will not see accesses done by blkid, | |
955 | or fsck. | |
956 | ||
957 | * Don't show kernel threads in systemd-cgls anymore, unless | |
958 | requested with new -k switch. | |
959 | ||
960 | Contributions from: Dan Horák, Kay Sievers, Lennart | |
961 | Poettering, Michal Schmidt | |
962 | ||
963 | CHANGES WITH 38: | |
b6a86739 | 964 | |
220a21d3 LP |
965 | * This is mostly a test release, but incorporates many |
966 | bugfixes. | |
967 | ||
968 | * The git repository moved to: | |
969 | git://anongit.freedesktop.org/systemd/systemd | |
970 | ssh://git.freedesktop.org/git/systemd/systemd | |
971 | ||
972 | * First release with the journal | |
973 | http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/the-journal.html | |
974 | ||
975 | * The journal replaces both systemd-kmsg-syslogd and | |
976 | systemd-stdout-bridge. | |
977 | ||
978 | * New sd_pid_get_unit() API call in libsystemd-logind | |
979 | ||
980 | * Many systemadm clean-ups | |
981 | ||
982 | * Introduce remote-fs-pre.target which is ordered before all | |
983 | remote mounts and may be used to start services before all | |
984 | remote mounts. | |
985 | ||
986 | * Added Mageia support | |
987 | ||
988 | * Add bash completion for systemd-loginctl | |
989 | ||
990 | * Actively monitor PID file creation for daemons which exit in | |
991 | the parent process before having finished writing the PID | |
992 | file in the daemon process. Daemons which do this need to be | |
993 | fixed (i.e. PID file creation must have finished before the | |
994 | parent exits), but we now react a bit more gracefully to them. | |
995 | ||
996 | * Add colourful boot output, mimicking the well-known output | |
997 | of existing distributions. | |
998 | ||
999 | * New option PassCredentials= for socket units, for | |
1000 | compatibility with a recent kernel ABI breakage. | |
1001 | ||
1002 | * /etc/rc.local is now hooked in via a generator binary, and | |
1003 | thus will no longer act as synchronization point during | |
1004 | boot. | |
1005 | ||
1006 | * systemctl list-unit-files now supports --root=. | |
1007 | ||
1008 | * systemd-tmpfiles now understands two new commands: z, Z for | |
1009 | relabelling files according to the SELinux database. This is | |
1010 | useful to apply SELinux labels to specific files in /sys, | |
1011 | among other things. | |
1012 | ||
1013 | * Output of SysV services is now forwarded to both the console | |
1014 | and the journal by default, not only just the console. | |
1015 | ||
1016 | * New man pages for all APIs from libsystemd-login. | |
1017 | ||
1018 | * The build tree got reorganized and a the build system is a | |
1019 | lot more modular allowing embedded setups to specifically | |
1020 | select the components of systemd they are interested in. | |
1021 | ||
1022 | * Support for Linux systems lacking the kernel VT subsystem is | |
1023 | restored. | |
1024 | ||
1025 | * configure's --with-rootdir= got renamed to | |
1026 | --with-rootprefix= to follow the naming used by udev and | |
1027 | kmod | |
1028 | ||
1029 | * Unless specified otherwise we'll now install to /usr instead | |
1030 | of /usr/local by default. | |
1031 | ||
1032 | * Processes with '@' in argv[0][0] are now excluded from the | |
1033 | final shut-down killing spree, following the logic explained | |
1034 | in: | |
1035 | http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/RootStorageDaemons | |
1036 | ||
1037 | * All processes remaining in a service cgroup when we enter | |
1038 | the START or START_PRE states are now killed with | |
1039 | SIGKILL. That means it is no longer possible to spawn | |
1040 | background processes from ExecStart= lines (which was never | |
1041 | supported anyway, and bad style). | |
1042 | ||
1043 | * New PropagateReloadTo=/PropagateReloadFrom= options to bind | |
1044 | reloading of units together. | |
1045 | ||
4c8cd173 | 1046 | Contributions from: Bill Nottingham, Daniel J. Walsh, Dave |
220a21d3 LP |
1047 | Reisner, Dexter Morgan, Gregs Gregs, Jonathan Nieder, Kay |
1048 | Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael Biebl, Michal Schmidt, | |
1049 | Michał Górny, Ran Benita, Thomas Jarosch, Tim Waugh, Tollef | |
1050 | Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek |