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1<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
2<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
12b42c76 3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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4
5<!--
572eb058 6 SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+
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8
47c49034 9<refentry id="pam_systemd" conditional='HAVE_PAM'>
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11 <refentryinfo>
12 <title>pam_systemd</title>
13 <productname>systemd</productname>
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14 </refentryinfo>
15
16 <refmeta>
17 <refentrytitle>pam_systemd</refentrytitle>
18 <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
19 </refmeta>
20
21 <refnamediv>
22 <refname>pam_systemd</refname>
23 <refpurpose>Register user sessions in the systemd login manager</refpurpose>
24 </refnamediv>
25
26 <refsynopsisdiv>
27 <para><filename>pam_systemd.so</filename></para>
28 </refsynopsisdiv>
29
30 <refsect1>
31 <title>Description</title>
32
33 <para><command>pam_systemd</command> registers user sessions with
34 the systemd login manager
35 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-logind.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
36 and hence the systemd control group hierarchy.</para>
37
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38 <para>On login, this module — in conjunction with <filename>systemd-logind.service</filename> — ensures the
39 following:</para>
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40
41 <orderedlist>
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42 <listitem><para>If it does not exist yet, the user runtime directory <filename>/run/user/$UID</filename> is
43 either created or mounted as new <literal>tmpfs</literal> file system with quota applied, and its ownership
44 changed to the user that is logging in.</para></listitem>
45
46 <listitem><para>The <varname>$XDG_SESSION_ID</varname> environment variable is initialized. If auditing is
47 available and <command>pam_loginuid.so</command> was run before this module (which is highly recommended), the
48 variable is initialized from the auditing session id (<filename>/proc/self/sessionid</filename>). Otherwise, an
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49 independent session counter is used.</para></listitem>
50
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51 <listitem><para>A new systemd scope unit is created for the session. If this is the first concurrent session of
52 the user, an implicit per-user slice unit below <filename>user.slice</filename> is automatically created and the
53 scope placed into it. An instance of the system service <filename>user@.service</filename>, which runs the
54 systemd user manager instance, is started. </para></listitem>
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55 </orderedlist>
56
57 <para>On logout, this module ensures the following:</para>
58
59 <orderedlist>
60 <listitem><para>If enabled in
61 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>logind.conf</refentrytitle>
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62 <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> (<varname>KillUserProcesses=</varname>), all processes of the session are
63 terminated. If the last concurrent session of a user ends, the user's systemd instance will be terminated too,
64 and so will the user's slice unit.</para></listitem>
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65
66 <listitem><para>If the last concurrent session of a user ends,
5c50321c 67 the user runtime directory <filename>/run/user/$UID</filename> and all its
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68 contents are removed, too.</para></listitem>
69 </orderedlist>
70
71 <para>If the system was not booted up with systemd as init system,
72 this module does nothing and immediately returns
73 <constant>PAM_SUCCESS</constant>.</para>
74
75 </refsect1>
76
77 <refsect1>
78 <title>Options</title>
79
80 <para>The following options are understood:</para>
81
82 <variablelist class='pam-directives'>
83
84 <varlistentry>
85 <term><option>class=</option></term>
86
87 <listitem><para>Takes a string argument which sets the session
88 class. The XDG_SESSION_CLASS environmental variable takes
89 precedence. One of
90 <literal>user</literal>,
91 <literal>greeter</literal>,
92 <literal>lock-screen</literal> or
93 <literal>background</literal>. See
94 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_session_get_class</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
95 for details about the session class.</para></listitem>
96 </varlistentry>
97
98 <varlistentry>
99 <term><option>type=</option></term>
100
101 <listitem><para>Takes a string argument which sets the session
102 type. The XDG_SESSION_TYPE environmental variable takes
103 precedence. One of
104 <literal>unspecified</literal>,
105 <literal>tty</literal>,
106 <literal>x11</literal>,
107 <literal>wayland</literal> or
108 <literal>mir</literal>. See
109 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_session_get_type</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
110 for details about the session type.</para></listitem>
111 </varlistentry>
112
113 <varlistentry>
114 <term><option>debug<optional>=</optional></option></term>
115
116 <listitem><para>Takes an optional
117 boolean argument. If yes or without
118 the argument, the module will log
119 debugging information as it
120 operates.</para></listitem>
121 </varlistentry>
122 </variablelist>
123 </refsect1>
124
125 <refsect1>
126 <title>Module Types Provided</title>
127
128 <para>Only <option>session</option> is provided.</para>
129 </refsect1>
130
131 <refsect1>
132 <title>Environment</title>
133
134 <para>The following environment variables are set for the
135 processes of the user's session:</para>
136
137 <variablelist class='environment-variables'>
138 <varlistentry>
139 <term><varname>$XDG_SESSION_ID</varname></term>
140
141 <listitem><para>A session identifier, suitable to be used in
142 filenames. The string itself should be considered opaque,
143 although often it is just the audit session ID as reported by
144 <filename>/proc/self/sessionid</filename>. Each ID will be
145 assigned only once during machine uptime. It may hence be used
146 to uniquely label files or other resources of this
147 session.</para></listitem>
148 </varlistentry>
149
150 <varlistentry>
151 <term><varname>$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR</varname></term>
152
153 <listitem><para>Path to a user-private user-writable directory
154 that is bound to the user login time on the machine. It is
155 automatically created the first time a user logs in and
156 removed on the user's final logout. If a user logs in twice at
157 the same time, both sessions will see the same
158 <varname>$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR</varname> and the same contents. If
159 a user logs in once, then logs out again, and logs in again,
160 the directory contents will have been lost in between, but
161 applications should not rely on this behavior and must be able
162 to deal with stale files. To store session-private data in
163 this directory, the user should include the value of
164 <varname>$XDG_SESSION_ID</varname> in the filename. This
165 directory shall be used for runtime file system objects such
166 as <constant>AF_UNIX</constant> sockets, FIFOs, PID files and
167 similar. It is guaranteed that this directory is local and
168 offers the greatest possible file system feature set the
b938cb90 169 operating system provides. For further details, see the <ulink
798d3a52 170 url="http://standards.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/basedir-spec-latest.html">XDG
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171 Base Directory Specification</ulink>. <varname>$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR</varname>
172 is not set if the current user is not the original user of the session.</para></listitem>
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173 </varlistentry>
174
175 </variablelist>
176
177 <para>The following environment variables are read by the module
178 and may be used by the PAM service to pass metadata to the
179 module:</para>
180
181 <variablelist class='environment-variables'>
182 <varlistentry>
183 <term><varname>$XDG_SESSION_TYPE</varname></term>
184
185 <listitem><para>The session type. This may be used instead of
186 <option>session=</option> on the module parameter line, and is
187 usually preferred.</para></listitem>
188 </varlistentry>
189
190 <varlistentry>
191 <term><varname>$XDG_SESSION_CLASS</varname></term>
192
193 <listitem><para>The session class. This may be used instead of
194 <option>class=</option> on the module parameter line, and is
195 usually preferred.</para></listitem>
196 </varlistentry>
197
198 <varlistentry>
199 <term><varname>$XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP</varname></term>
200
201 <listitem><para>A single, short identifier string for the
202 desktop environment. This may be used to indicate the session
203 desktop used, where this applies and if this information is
204 available. For example: <literal>GNOME</literal>, or
205 <literal>KDE</literal>. It is recommended to use the same
206 identifiers and capitalization as for
207 <varname>$XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP</varname>, as defined by the
208 <ulink
209 url="http://standards.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/latest/">Desktop
210 Entry Specification</ulink>. (However, note that
211 <varname>$XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP</varname> only takes a single
212 item, and not a colon-separated list like
213 <varname>$XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP</varname>.) See
214 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_session_get_desktop</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
215 for more details.</para></listitem>
216 </varlistentry>
217
218 <varlistentry>
219 <term><varname>$XDG_SEAT</varname></term>
220
221 <listitem><para>The seat name the session shall be registered
222 for, if any.</para></listitem>
223 </varlistentry>
224
225 <varlistentry>
226 <term><varname>$XDG_VTNR</varname></term>
227
228 <listitem><para>The VT number the session shall be registered
229 for, if any. (Only applies to seats with a VT available, such
230 as <literal>seat0</literal>)</para></listitem>
231 </varlistentry>
798d3a52 232 </variablelist>
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233
234 <para>If not set, <command>pam_systemd</command> will determine the
235 values for <varname>$XDG_SEAT</varname> and <varname>$XDG_VTNR</varname>
236 based on the <varname>$DISPLAY</varname> variable.</para>
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237 </refsect1>
238
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239 <refsect1>
240 <title>Session limits</title>
241
242 <para>PAM modules earlier in the stack, that is those that come before <command>pam_systemd.so</command>,
243 can set session scope limits using the PAM context objects. The data for these objects is provided as NUL-terminated C strings
244 and maps directly to the respective unit resource control directives. Note that these limits apply to individual sessions of the user,
245 they do not apply to all user processes as a combined whole. In particular, the per-user <command>user@.service</command> unit instance,
246 which runs the <command>systemd --user</command> manager process and its children, and is tracked outside of any session, being shared
247 by all the user's sessions, is not covered by these limits.
248 </para>
249
250 <para> See
251 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.resource-control</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for more information about the resources.
252 Also, see <citerefentry><refentrytitle>pam_set_data</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> for additional information about how to set
253 the context objects.
254 </para>
255
256 <variablelist>
257 <varlistentry>
258 <term><varname>systemd.memory_max</varname></term>
259
260 <listitem><para>Sets unit <varname>MemoryMax=</varname>.</para></listitem>
261 </varlistentry>
262
263 <varlistentry>
264 <term><varname>systemd.tasks_max</varname></term>
265
266 <listitem><para>Sets unit <varname>TasksMax=</varname>.</para></listitem>
267 </varlistentry>
268
269 <varlistentry>
270 <term><varname>systemd.cpu_weight</varname></term>
271
272 <listitem><para>Sets unit <varname>CPUWeight=</varname>.</para></listitem>
273 </varlistentry>
274
275 <varlistentry>
276 <term><varname>systemd.io_weight</varname></term>
277
278 <listitem><para>Sets unit <varname>IOWeight=</varname>.</para></listitem>
279 </varlistentry>
280 </variablelist>
281
282 <para>Example data as can be provided from an another PAM module:
283 <programlisting>
284pam_set_data(handle, "systemd.memory_max", (void *)"200M", cleanup);
285pam_set_data(handle, "systemd.tasks_max", (void *)"50", cleanup);
286pam_set_data(handle, "systemd.cpu_weight", (void *)"100", cleanup);
287pam_set_data(handle, "systemd.io_weight", (void *)"340", cleanup);
288 </programlisting>
289 </para>
290
291 </refsect1>
292
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293 <refsect1>
294 <title>Example</title>
295
296 <programlisting>#%PAM-1.0
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297auth required pam_unix.so
298auth required pam_nologin.so
299account required pam_unix.so
300password required pam_unix.so
301session required pam_unix.so
302session required pam_loginuid.so
3e2f69b7 303session required pam_systemd.so</programlisting>
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304 </refsect1>
305
306 <refsect1>
307 <title>See Also</title>
308 <para>
309 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
310 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-logind.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
311 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>logind.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
312 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>loginctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
313 <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>pam.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
314 <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>pam.d</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
315 <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>pam</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
316 <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>pam_loginuid</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
317 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.scope</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
318 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.slice</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
319 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
320 </para>
321 </refsect1>
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322
323</refentry>