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1 | <?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*--> |
2 | <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN" | |
12b42c76 | 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"> |
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4 | |
5 | <!-- | |
572eb058 | 6 | SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ |
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7 | --> |
8 | ||
21ac6ff1 | 9 | <refentry id="systemd-analyze" |
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10 | xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"> |
11 | ||
12 | <refentryinfo> | |
13 | <title>systemd-analyze</title> | |
14 | <productname>systemd</productname> | |
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15 | </refentryinfo> |
16 | ||
17 | <refmeta> | |
18 | <refentrytitle>systemd-analyze</refentrytitle> | |
19 | <manvolnum>1</manvolnum> | |
20 | </refmeta> | |
21 | ||
22 | <refnamediv> | |
23 | <refname>systemd-analyze</refname> | |
889d695d | 24 | <refpurpose>Analyze and debug system manager</refpurpose> |
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25 | </refnamediv> |
26 | ||
27 | <refsynopsisdiv> | |
28 | <cmdsynopsis> | |
29 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
30 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
31 | <arg>time</arg> | |
32 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
33 | <cmdsynopsis> | |
34 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
35 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
36 | <arg choice="plain">blame</arg> | |
37 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
38 | <cmdsynopsis> | |
39 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
40 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
41 | <arg choice="plain">critical-chain</arg> | |
42 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat"><replaceable>UNIT</replaceable></arg> | |
43 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
44 | <cmdsynopsis> | |
45 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
46 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
47 | <arg choice="plain">plot</arg> | |
48 | <arg choice="opt">> file.svg</arg> | |
49 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
50 | <cmdsynopsis> | |
51 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
52 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
53 | <arg choice="plain">dot</arg> | |
54 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat"><replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable></arg> | |
55 | <arg choice="opt">> file.dot</arg> | |
56 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
57 | <cmdsynopsis> | |
58 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
59 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
60 | <arg choice="plain">dump</arg> | |
61 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
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62 | <cmdsynopsis> |
63 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
64 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
65 | <arg choice="plain">cat-config</arg> | |
971f6ea5 | 66 | <arg choice="plain" rep="repeat"><replaceable>NAME</replaceable>|<replaceable>PATH</replaceable></arg> |
854a42fb | 67 | </cmdsynopsis> |
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68 | <cmdsynopsis> |
69 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
70 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
71 | <arg choice="plain">unit-paths</arg> | |
72 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
73 | <cmdsynopsis> |
74 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
75 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
90657286 YW |
76 | <arg choice="plain">log-level</arg> |
77 | <arg choice="opt"><replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable></arg> | |
798d3a52 | 78 | </cmdsynopsis> |
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79 | <cmdsynopsis> |
80 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
81 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
90657286 YW |
82 | <arg choice="plain">log-target</arg> |
83 | <arg choice="opt"><replaceable>TARGET</replaceable></arg> | |
ef5a8cb1 | 84 | </cmdsynopsis> |
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85 | <cmdsynopsis> |
86 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
87 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
88 | <arg choice="plain">syscall-filter</arg> | |
1eecafb8 | 89 | <arg choice="opt"><replaceable>SET</replaceable>…</arg> |
869feb33 | 90 | </cmdsynopsis> |
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91 | <cmdsynopsis> |
92 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
93 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
94 | <arg choice="plain">verify</arg> | |
95 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat"><replaceable>FILES</replaceable></arg> | |
96 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
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97 | <cmdsynopsis> |
98 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
99 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
100 | <arg choice="plain">calendar</arg> | |
101 | <arg choice="plain" rep="repeat"><replaceable>SPECS</replaceable></arg> | |
102 | </cmdsynopsis> | |
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103 | <cmdsynopsis> |
104 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> | |
105 | <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> | |
106 | <arg choice="plain">service-watchdogs</arg> | |
90657286 | 107 | <arg choice="opt"><replaceable>BOOL</replaceable></arg> |
889d695d | 108 | </cmdsynopsis> |
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109 | </refsynopsisdiv> |
110 | ||
111 | <refsect1> | |
112 | <title>Description</title> | |
113 | ||
114 | <para><command>systemd-analyze</command> may be used to determine | |
115 | system boot-up performance statistics and retrieve other state and | |
116 | tracing information from the system and service manager, and to | |
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117 | verify the correctness of unit files. It is also used to access |
118 | special functions useful for advanced system manager debugging.</para> | |
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119 | |
120 | <para><command>systemd-analyze time</command> prints the time | |
121 | spent in the kernel before userspace has been reached, the time | |
122 | spent in the initial RAM disk (initrd) before normal system | |
123 | userspace has been reached, and the time normal system userspace | |
124 | took to initialize. Note that these measurements simply measure | |
125 | the time passed up to the point where all system services have | |
126 | been spawned, but not necessarily until they fully finished | |
127 | initialization or the disk is idle.</para> | |
128 | ||
129 | <para><command>systemd-analyze blame</command> prints a list of | |
130 | all running units, ordered by the time they took to initialize. | |
131 | This information may be used to optimize boot-up times. Note that | |
132 | the output might be misleading as the initialization of one | |
133 | service might be slow simply because it waits for the | |
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134 | initialization of another service to complete. |
135 | Also note: <command>systemd-analyze blame</command> doesn't display | |
136 | results for services with <varname>Type=simple</varname>, | |
137 | because systemd considers such services to be started immediately, | |
138 | hence no measurement of the initialization delays can be done.</para> | |
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139 | |
140 | <para><command>systemd-analyze critical-chain | |
1eecafb8 | 141 | [<replaceable>UNIT…</replaceable>]</command> prints a tree of |
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142 | the time-critical chain of units (for each of the specified |
143 | <replaceable>UNIT</replaceable>s or for the default target | |
144 | otherwise). The time after the unit is active or started is | |
145 | printed after the "@" character. The time the unit takes to start | |
146 | is printed after the "+" character. Note that the output might be | |
147 | misleading as the initialization of one service might depend on | |
148 | socket activation and because of the parallel execution of | |
149 | units.</para> | |
150 | ||
151 | <para><command>systemd-analyze plot</command> prints an SVG | |
152 | graphic detailing which system services have been started at what | |
153 | time, highlighting the time they spent on initialization.</para> | |
154 | ||
155 | <para><command>systemd-analyze dot</command> generates textual | |
156 | dependency graph description in dot format for further processing | |
157 | with the GraphViz | |
3ba3a79d | 158 | <citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>dot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> |
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159 | tool. Use a command line like <command>systemd-analyze dot | dot |
160 | -Tsvg > systemd.svg</command> to generate a graphical dependency | |
161 | tree. Unless <option>--order</option> or | |
162 | <option>--require</option> is passed, the generated graph will | |
163 | show both ordering and requirement dependencies. Optional pattern | |
164 | globbing style specifications (e.g. <filename>*.target</filename>) | |
165 | may be given at the end. A unit dependency is included in the | |
166 | graph if any of these patterns match either the origin or | |
167 | destination node.</para> | |
168 | ||
169 | <para><command>systemd-analyze dump</command> outputs a (usually | |
170 | very long) human-readable serialization of the complete server | |
171 | state. Its format is subject to change without notice and should | |
172 | not be parsed by applications.</para> | |
173 | ||
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174 | <para><command>systemd-analyze cat-config</command> is similar |
175 | to <command>systemctl cat</command>, but operates on config files. | |
176 | It will copy the contents of a config file and any drop-ins to standard | |
177 | output, using the usual systemd set of directories and rules for | |
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178 | precedence. Each argument must be either an absolute path including |
179 | the prefix (such as <filename>/etc/systemd/logind.conf</filename> or | |
180 | <filename>/usr/lib/systemd/logind.conf</filename>), or a name | |
181 | relative to the prefix (such as <filename>systemd/logind.conf</filename>). | |
182 | </para> | |
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183 | |
184 | <example> | |
185 | <title>Showing logind configuration</title> | |
186 | <programlisting>$ systemd-analyze cat-config systemd/logind.conf | |
187 | # /etc/systemd/logind.conf | |
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188 | ... |
189 | [Login] | |
190 | NAutoVTs=8 | |
191 | ... | |
192 | ||
193 | # /usr/lib/systemd/logind.conf.d/20-test.conf | |
194 | ... some override from another package | |
195 | ||
196 | # /etc/systemd/logind.conf.d/50-override.conf | |
1b2ad5d9 | 197 | ... some administrator override |
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198 | </programlisting> |
199 | </example> | |
200 | ||
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201 | <para><command>systemd-analyze unit-paths</command> outputs a list of all |
202 | directories from which unit files, <filename>.d</filename> overrides, and | |
203 | <filename>.wants</filename>, <filename>.requires</filename> symlinks may be | |
204 | loaded. Combine with <option>--user</option> to retrieve the list for the user | |
205 | manager instance, and <option>--global</option> for the global configuration of | |
206 | user manager instances. Note that this verb prints the list that is compiled into | |
207 | <command>systemd-analyze</command> itself, and does not comunicate with the | |
208 | running manager. Use | |
209 | <programlisting>systemctl [--user] [--global] show -p UnitPath --value</programlisting> | |
210 | to retrieve the actual list that the manager uses, with any empty directories | |
211 | omitted.</para> | |
212 | ||
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213 | <para><command>systemd-analyze log-level</command> |
214 | prints the current log level of the <command>systemd</command> daemon. | |
215 | If an optional argument <replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable> is provided, then the command changes the current log | |
216 | level of the <command>systemd</command> daemon to <replaceable>LEVEL</replaceable> (accepts the same values as | |
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217 | <option>--log-level=</option> described in |
218 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>).</para> | |
219 | ||
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220 | <para><command>systemd-analyze log-target</command> |
221 | prints the current log target of the <command>systemd</command> daemon. | |
222 | If an optional argument <replaceable>TARGET</replaceable> is provided, then the command changes the current log | |
223 | target of the <command>systemd</command> daemon to <replaceable>TARGET</replaceable> (accepts the same values as | |
b938cb90 | 224 | <option>--log-target=</option>, described in |
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225 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>).</para> |
226 | ||
1eecafb8 | 227 | <para><command>systemd-analyze syscall-filter <optional><replaceable>SET</replaceable>…</optional></command> |
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228 | will list system calls contained in the specified system call set <replaceable>SET</replaceable>, |
229 | or all known sets if no sets are specified. Argument <replaceable>SET</replaceable> must include | |
230 | the <literal>@</literal> prefix.</para> | |
231 | ||
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232 | <para><command>systemd-analyze verify</command> will load unit files and print |
233 | warnings if any errors are detected. Files specified on the command line will be | |
234 | loaded, but also any other units referenced by them. The full unit search path is | |
235 | formed by combining the directories for all command line arguments, and the usual unit | |
236 | load paths (variable <varname>$SYSTEMD_UNIT_PATH</varname> is supported, and may be | |
237 | used to replace or augment the compiled in set of unit load paths; see | |
238 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>). | |
239 | All units files present in the directories containing the command line arguments will | |
240 | be used in preference to the other paths.</para> | |
798d3a52 | 241 | |
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242 | <para><command>systemd-analyze calendar</command> will parse and normalize repetitive calendar time events, and |
243 | will calculate when they will elapse next. This takes the same input as the <varname>OnCalendar=</varname> setting | |
244 | in <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.timer</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, following the | |
245 | syntax described in | |
246 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.time</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para> | |
247 | ||
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248 | <para><command>systemd-analyze service-watchdogs</command> |
249 | prints the current state of service runtime watchdogs of the <command>systemd</command> daemon. | |
250 | If an optional boolean argument is provided, then globally enables or disables the service | |
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251 | runtime watchdogs (<option>WatchdogSec=</option>) and emergency actions (e.g. |
252 | <option>OnFailure=</option> or <option>StartLimitAction=</option>); see | |
253 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. | |
254 | The hardware watchdog is not affected by this setting.</para> | |
255 | ||
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256 | <para>If no command is passed, <command>systemd-analyze |
257 | time</command> is implied.</para> | |
258 | ||
259 | </refsect1> | |
260 | ||
261 | <refsect1> | |
262 | <title>Options</title> | |
263 | ||
264 | <para>The following options are understood:</para> | |
265 | ||
266 | <variablelist> | |
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267 | <varlistentry> |
268 | <term><option>--system</option></term> | |
269 | ||
270 | <listitem><para>Operates on the system systemd instance. This | |
271 | is the implied default.</para></listitem> | |
272 | </varlistentry> | |
273 | ||
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274 | <varlistentry> |
275 | <term><option>--user</option></term> | |
276 | ||
277 | <listitem><para>Operates on the user systemd | |
278 | instance.</para></listitem> | |
279 | </varlistentry> | |
280 | ||
281 | <varlistentry> | |
28b35ef2 | 282 | <term><option>--global</option></term> |
798d3a52 | 283 | |
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284 | <listitem><para>Operates on the system-wide configuration for |
285 | user systemd instance.</para></listitem> | |
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286 | </varlistentry> |
287 | ||
288 | <varlistentry> | |
289 | <term><option>--order</option></term> | |
290 | <term><option>--require</option></term> | |
291 | ||
292 | <listitem><para>When used in conjunction with the | |
293 | <command>dot</command> command (see above), selects which | |
294 | dependencies are shown in the dependency graph. If | |
295 | <option>--order</option> is passed, only dependencies of type | |
296 | <varname>After=</varname> or <varname>Before=</varname> are | |
297 | shown. If <option>--require</option> is passed, only | |
298 | dependencies of type <varname>Requires=</varname>, | |
798d3a52 | 299 | <varname>Requisite=</varname>, |
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300 | <varname>Wants=</varname> and <varname>Conflicts=</varname> |
301 | are shown. If neither is passed, this shows dependencies of | |
302 | all these types.</para></listitem> | |
303 | </varlistentry> | |
304 | ||
305 | <varlistentry> | |
306 | <term><option>--from-pattern=</option></term> | |
307 | <term><option>--to-pattern=</option></term> | |
308 | ||
309 | <listitem><para>When used in conjunction with the | |
310 | <command>dot</command> command (see above), this selects which | |
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311 | relationships are shown in the dependency graph. Both options |
312 | require a | |
3ba3a79d | 313 | <citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>glob</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry> |
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314 | pattern as an argument, which will be matched against the |
315 | left-hand and the right-hand, respectively, nodes of a | |
316 | relationship.</para> | |
317 | ||
318 | <para>Each of these can be used more than once, in which case | |
319 | the unit name must match one of the values. When tests for | |
320 | both sides of the relation are present, a relation must pass | |
321 | both tests to be shown. When patterns are also specified as | |
322 | positional arguments, they must match at least one side of the | |
323 | relation. In other words, patterns specified with those two | |
324 | options will trim the list of edges matched by the positional | |
325 | arguments, if any are given, and fully determine the list of | |
326 | edges shown otherwise.</para></listitem> | |
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327 | </varlistentry> |
328 | ||
329 | <varlistentry> | |
330 | <term><option>--fuzz=</option><replaceable>timespan</replaceable></term> | |
331 | ||
332 | <listitem><para>When used in conjunction with the | |
333 | <command>critical-chain</command> command (see above), also | |
334 | show units, which finished <replaceable>timespan</replaceable> | |
335 | earlier, than the latest unit in the same level. The unit of | |
336 | <replaceable>timespan</replaceable> is seconds unless | |
337 | specified with a different unit, e.g. | |
338 | "50ms".</para></listitem> | |
339 | </varlistentry> | |
340 | ||
341 | <varlistentry> | |
641c0fd1 | 342 | <term><option>--man=no</option></term> |
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343 | |
344 | <listitem><para>Do not invoke man to verify the existence of | |
6ecb6cec | 345 | man pages listed in <varname>Documentation=</varname>. |
798d3a52 ZJS |
346 | </para></listitem> |
347 | </varlistentry> | |
348 | ||
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349 | <varlistentry> |
350 | <term><option>--generators</option></term> | |
351 | ||
352 | <listitem><para>Invoke unit generators, see | |
353 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>. | |
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354 | Some generators require root privileges. Under a normal user, running with |
355 | generators enabled will generally result in some warnings.</para></listitem> | |
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356 | </varlistentry> |
357 | ||
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358 | <varlistentry> |
359 | <term><option>--root=<replaceable>PATH</replaceable></option></term> | |
360 | ||
361 | <listitem><para>With <command>cat-files</command>, show config files underneath | |
362 | the specified root path <replaceable>PATH</replaceable>.</para></listitem> | |
363 | </varlistentry> | |
364 | ||
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365 | <xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="host" /> |
366 | <xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="machine" /> | |
367 | ||
368 | <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="help" /> | |
369 | <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="version" /> | |
370 | <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="no-pager" /> | |
371 | </variablelist> | |
372 | ||
373 | </refsect1> | |
374 | ||
375 | <refsect1> | |
376 | <title>Exit status</title> | |
377 | ||
378 | <para>On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code | |
379 | otherwise.</para> | |
380 | </refsect1> | |
381 | ||
382 | <refsect1> | |
383 | <title>Examples for <command>dot</command></title> | |
384 | ||
385 | <example> | |
386 | <title>Plots all dependencies of any unit whose name starts with | |
387 | <literal>avahi-daemon</literal></title> | |
388 | ||
389 | <programlisting>$ systemd-analyze dot 'avahi-daemon.*' | dot -Tsvg > avahi.svg | |
1de2a9a5 | 390 | $ eog avahi.svg</programlisting> |
798d3a52 ZJS |
391 | </example> |
392 | ||
393 | <example> | |
394 | <title>Plots the dependencies between all known target units</title> | |
395 | ||
1de2a9a5 | 396 | <programlisting>$ systemd-analyze dot --to-pattern='*.target' --from-pattern='*.target' | dot -Tsvg > targets.svg |
816f25e8 | 397 | $ eog targets.svg</programlisting> |
798d3a52 ZJS |
398 | </example> |
399 | </refsect1> | |
816f25e8 | 400 | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
401 | <refsect1> |
402 | <title>Examples for <command>verify</command></title> | |
142c4eca | 403 | |
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404 | <para>The following errors are currently detected:</para> |
405 | <itemizedlist> | |
406 | <listitem><para>unknown sections and directives, | |
407 | </para></listitem> | |
142c4eca | 408 | |
798d3a52 | 409 | <listitem><para>missing dependencies which are required to start |
2a03116d | 410 | the given unit,</para></listitem> |
142c4eca | 411 | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
412 | <listitem><para>man pages listed in |
413 | <varname>Documentation=</varname> which are not found in the | |
414 | system,</para></listitem> | |
142c4eca | 415 | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
416 | <listitem><para>commands listed in <varname>ExecStart=</varname> |
417 | and similar which are not found in the system or not | |
418 | executable.</para></listitem> | |
419 | </itemizedlist> | |
142c4eca | 420 | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
421 | <example> |
422 | <title>Misspelt directives</title> | |
142c4eca | 423 | |
798d3a52 | 424 | <programlisting>$ cat ./user.slice |
142c4eca ZJS |
425 | [Unit] |
426 | WhatIsThis=11 | |
427 | Documentation=man:nosuchfile(1) | |
428 | Requires=different.service | |
429 | ||
430 | [Service] | |
301a21a8 | 431 | Description=x |
142c4eca | 432 | |
ee9c4ff4 | 433 | $ systemd-analyze verify ./user.slice |
142c4eca ZJS |
434 | [./user.slice:9] Unknown lvalue 'WhatIsThis' in section 'Unit' |
435 | [./user.slice:13] Unknown section 'Service'. Ignoring. | |
436 | Error: org.freedesktop.systemd1.LoadFailed: | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
437 | Unit different.service failed to load: |
438 | No such file or directory. | |
142c4eca ZJS |
439 | Failed to create user.slice/start: Invalid argument |
440 | user.slice: man nosuchfile(1) command failed with code 16 | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
441 | </programlisting> |
442 | </example> | |
142c4eca | 443 | |
798d3a52 ZJS |
444 | <example> |
445 | <title>Missing service units</title> | |
142c4eca | 446 | |
798d3a52 | 447 | <programlisting>$ tail ./a.socket ./b.socket |
142c4eca ZJS |
448 | ==> ./a.socket <== |
449 | [Socket] | |
450 | ListenStream=100 | |
451 | ||
452 | ==> ./b.socket <== | |
453 | [Socket] | |
454 | ListenStream=100 | |
455 | Accept=yes | |
456 | ||
ee9c4ff4 | 457 | $ systemd-analyze verify ./a.socket ./b.socket |
142c4eca ZJS |
458 | Service a.service not loaded, a.socket cannot be started. |
459 | Service b@0.service not loaded, b.socket cannot be started. | |
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460 | </programlisting> |
461 | </example> | |
462 | </refsect1> | |
463 | ||
464 | <xi:include href="less-variables.xml" /> | |
465 | ||
466 | <refsect1> | |
467 | <title>See Also</title> | |
468 | <para> | |
469 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, | |
470 | <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> | |
471 | </para> | |
472 | </refsect1> | |
359deb60 LP |
473 | |
474 | </refentry> |