core,logind,networkd: check for udev device initialization via enumeration matches

[thirdparty/systemd.git] / src / login / logind-dbus.c

/*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/

/***
  This file is part of systemd.

  Copyright 2011 Lennart Poettering

  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
  (at your option) any later version.

  systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  Lesser General Public License for more details.

  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
  along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
***/

#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <sys/capability.h>

#include "sd-id128.h"
#include "sd-messages.h"
#include "strv.h"
#include "mkdir.h"
#include "path-util.h"
#include "special.h"
#include "sleep-config.h"
#include "fileio-label.h"
#include "label.h"
#include "utf8.h"
#include "unit-name.h"
#include "virt.h"
#include "audit.h"
#include "bus-util.h"
#include "bus-error.h"
#include "logind.h"
#include "bus-errors.h"

static int property_get_idle_hint(
                sd_bus *bus,
                const char *path,
                const char *interface,
                const char *property,
                sd_bus_message *reply,
                void *userdata,
                sd_bus_error *error) {

        Manager *m = userdata;

        assert(bus);
        assert(reply);
        assert(m);

        return sd_bus_message_append(reply, "b", manager_get_idle_hint(m, NULL) > 0);
}

static int property_get_idle_since_hint(
                sd_bus *bus,
                const char *path,
                const char *interface,
                const char *property,
                sd_bus_message *reply,
                void *userdata,
                sd_bus_error *error) {

        Manager *m = userdata;
        dual_timestamp t;

        assert(bus);
        assert(reply);
        assert(m);

        manager_get_idle_hint(m, &t);

        return sd_bus_message_append(reply, "t", streq(property, "IdleSinceHint") ? t.realtime : t.monotonic);
}

static int property_get_inhibited(
                sd_bus *bus,
                const char *path,
                const char *interface,
                const char *property,
                sd_bus_message *reply,
                void *userdata,
                sd_bus_error *error) {

        Manager *m = userdata;
        InhibitWhat w;

        assert(bus);
        assert(reply);
        assert(m);

        w = manager_inhibit_what(m, streq(property, "BlockInhibited") ? INHIBIT_BLOCK : INHIBIT_DELAY);

        return sd_bus_message_append(reply, "s", inhibit_what_to_string(w));
}

static int property_get_preparing(
                sd_bus *bus,
                const char *path,
                const char *interface,
                const char *property,
                sd_bus_message *reply,
                void *userdata,
                sd_bus_error *error) {

        Manager *m = userdata;
        bool b;

        assert(bus);
        assert(reply);
        assert(m);

        if (streq(property, "PreparingForShutdown"))
                b = !!(m->action_what & INHIBIT_SHUTDOWN);
        else
                b = !!(m->action_what & INHIBIT_SLEEP);

        return sd_bus_message_append(reply, "b", b);
}

static BUS_DEFINE_PROPERTY_GET_ENUM(property_get_handle_action, handle_action, HandleAction);

static int method_get_session(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        const char *name;
        Session *session;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "s", &name);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        session = hashmap_get(m->sessions, name);
        if (!session)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_SESSION, "No session '%s' known", name);

        p = session_bus_path(session);
        if (!p)
                return -ENOMEM;

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, "o", p);
}

static int method_get_session_by_pid(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
        Session *session = NULL;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        pid_t pid;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        assert_cc(sizeof(pid_t) == sizeof(uint32_t));

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "u", &pid);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        if (pid == 0) {
                _cleanup_bus_creds_unref_ sd_bus_creds *creds = NULL;

                r = sd_bus_query_sender_creds(message, SD_BUS_CREDS_PID, &creds);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                r = sd_bus_creds_get_pid(creds, &pid);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
        }

        r = manager_get_session_by_pid(m, pid, &session);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;
        if (!session)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SESSION_FOR_PID, "PID %lu does not belong to any known session", (unsigned long) pid);

        p = session_bus_path(session);
        if (!p)
                return -ENOMEM;

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, "o", p);
}

static int method_get_user(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        uint32_t uid;
        User *user;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "u", &uid);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        user = hashmap_get(m->users, ULONG_TO_PTR((unsigned long) uid));
        if (!user)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_USER, "No user '%lu' known or logged in", (unsigned long) uid);

        p = user_bus_path(user);
        if (!p)
                return -ENOMEM;

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, "o", p);
}

static int method_get_user_by_pid(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        User *user = NULL;
        pid_t pid;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        assert_cc(sizeof(pid_t) == sizeof(uint32_t));

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "u", &pid);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        if (pid == 0) {
                _cleanup_bus_creds_unref_ sd_bus_creds *creds = NULL;

                r = sd_bus_query_sender_creds(message, SD_BUS_CREDS_PID, &creds);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                r = sd_bus_creds_get_pid(creds, &pid);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
        }

        r = manager_get_user_by_pid(m, pid, &user);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;
        if (!user)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_USER_FOR_PID, "PID %lu does not belong to any known or logged in user", (unsigned long) pid);

        p = user_bus_path(user);
        if (!p)
                return -ENOMEM;

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, "o", p);
}

static int method_get_seat(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        const char *name;
        Seat *seat;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "s", &name);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        seat = hashmap_get(m->seats, name);
        if (!seat)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_SEAT, "No seat '%s' known", name);

        p = seat_bus_path(seat);
        if (!p)
                return -ENOMEM;

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, "o", p);
}

static int method_list_sessions(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        Session *session;
        Iterator i;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_new_method_return(message, &reply);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = sd_bus_message_open_container(reply, 'a', "(susso)");
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        HASHMAP_FOREACH(session, m->sessions, i) {
                _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;

                p = session_bus_path(session);
                if (!p)
                        return -ENOMEM;

                r = sd_bus_message_append(reply, "(susso)",
                                          session->id,
                                          (uint32_t) session->user->uid,
                                          session->user->name,
                                          session->seat ? session->seat->id : "",
                                          p);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
        }

        r = sd_bus_message_close_container(reply);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return sd_bus_send(bus, reply, NULL);
}

static int method_list_users(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        User *user;
        Iterator i;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_new_method_return(message, &reply);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = sd_bus_message_open_container(reply, 'a', "(uso)");
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        HASHMAP_FOREACH(user, m->users, i) {
                _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;

                p = user_bus_path(user);
                if (!p)
                        return -ENOMEM;

                r = sd_bus_message_append(reply, "(uso)",
                                          (uint32_t) user->uid,
                                          user->name,
                                          p);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
        }

        r = sd_bus_message_close_container(reply);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return sd_bus_send(bus, reply, NULL);
}

static int method_list_seats(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        Seat *seat;
        Iterator i;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_new_method_return(message, &reply);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = sd_bus_message_open_container(reply, 'a', "(so)");
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        HASHMAP_FOREACH(seat, m->seats, i) {
                _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;

                p = seat_bus_path(seat);
                if (!p)
                        return -ENOMEM;

                r = sd_bus_message_append(reply, "(so)", seat->id, p);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
        }

        r = sd_bus_message_close_container(reply);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return sd_bus_send(bus, reply, NULL);
}

static int method_list_inhibitors(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        Inhibitor *inhibitor;
        Iterator i;
        int r;

        r = sd_bus_message_new_method_return(message, &reply);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = sd_bus_message_open_container(reply, 'a', "(ssssuu)");
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        HASHMAP_FOREACH(inhibitor, m->inhibitors, i) {

                r = sd_bus_message_append(reply, "(ssssuu)",
                                          strempty(inhibit_what_to_string(inhibitor->what)),
                                          strempty(inhibitor->who),
                                          strempty(inhibitor->why),
                                          strempty(inhibit_mode_to_string(inhibitor->mode)),
                                          (uint32_t) inhibitor->uid,
                                          (uint32_t) inhibitor->pid);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
        }

        r = sd_bus_message_close_container(reply);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return sd_bus_send(bus, reply, NULL);
}

static int method_create_session(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        const char *service, *type, *class, *cseat, *tty, *display, *remote_user, *remote_host;
        uint32_t uid, leader, audit_id = 0;
        _cleanup_free_ char *id = NULL;
        Session *session = NULL;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        User *user = NULL;
        Seat *seat = NULL;
        int remote;
        uint32_t vtnr = 0;
        SessionType t;
        SessionClass c;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "uussssussbss", &uid, &leader, &service, &type, &class, &cseat, &vtnr, &tty, &display, &remote, &remote_user, &remote_host);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        if (leader == 1)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid leader PID");

        if (isempty(type))
                t = _SESSION_TYPE_INVALID;
        else {
                t = session_type_from_string(type);
                if (t < 0)
                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid session type %s", type);
        }

        if (isempty(class))
                c = _SESSION_CLASS_INVALID;
        else {
                c = session_class_from_string(class);
                if (c < 0)
                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid session class %s", class);
        }

        if (isempty(cseat))
                seat = NULL;
        else {
                seat = hashmap_get(m->seats, cseat);
                if (!seat)
                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_SEAT, "No seat '%s' known", seat);
        }

        if (tty_is_vc(tty)) {
                int v;

                if (!seat)
                        seat = m->seat0;
                else if (seat != m->seat0)
                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "TTY %s is virtual console but seat %s is not seat0", tty, seat);

                v = vtnr_from_tty(tty);
                if (v <= 0)
                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Cannot determine VT number from virtual console TTY %s", tty);

                if (!vtnr)
                        vtnr = (uint32_t) v;
                else if (vtnr != (uint32_t) v)
                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Specified TTY and VT number do not match");

        } else if (tty_is_console(tty)) {

                if (!seat)
                        seat = m->seat0;
                else if (seat != m->seat0)
                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Console TTY specified but seat is not seat0");

                if (vtnr != 0)
                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Console TTY specified but VT number is not 0");
        }

        if (seat) {
                if (seat_has_vts(seat)) {
                        if (!vtnr || vtnr > 63)
                                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "VT number out of range");
                } else {
                        if (vtnr != 0)
                                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Seat has no VTs but VT number not 0");
                }
        }

        r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(message, 'a', "(sv)");
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        if (t == _SESSION_TYPE_INVALID) {
                if (!isempty(display))
                        t = SESSION_X11;
                else if (!isempty(tty))
                        t = SESSION_TTY;
                else
                        t = SESSION_UNSPECIFIED;
        }

        if (c == _SESSION_CLASS_INVALID) {
                if (!isempty(display) || !isempty(tty))
                        c = SESSION_USER;
                else
                        c = SESSION_BACKGROUND;
        }

        if (leader <= 0) {
                _cleanup_bus_creds_unref_ sd_bus_creds *creds = NULL;

                r = sd_bus_query_sender_creds(message, SD_BUS_CREDS_PID, &creds);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                assert_cc(sizeof(uint32_t) == sizeof(pid_t));

                r = sd_bus_creds_get_pid(creds, (pid_t*) &leader);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
        }

        manager_get_session_by_pid(m, leader, &session);
        if (session) {
                _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
                _cleanup_close_ int fifo_fd = -1;

                /* Session already exists, client is probably
                 * something like "su" which changes uid but is still
                 * the same session */

                fifo_fd = session_create_fifo(session);
                if (fifo_fd < 0)
                        return fifo_fd;

                path = session_bus_path(session);
                if (!path)
                        return -ENOMEM;

                return sd_bus_reply_method_return(
                                message, "soshusub",
                                session->id,
                                path,
                                session->user->runtime_path,
                                fifo_fd,
                                (uint32_t) session->user->uid,
                                session->seat ? session->seat->id : "",
                                (uint32_t) session->vtnr,
                                true);
        }

        audit_session_from_pid(leader, &audit_id);
        if (audit_id > 0) {
                /* Keep our session IDs and the audit session IDs in sync */

                if (asprintf(&id, "%lu", (unsigned long) audit_id) < 0)
                        return -ENOMEM;

                /* Wut? There's already a session by this name and we
                 * didn't find it above? Weird, then let's not trust
                 * the audit data and let's better register a new
                 * ID */
                if (hashmap_get(m->sessions, id)) {
                        log_warning("Existing logind session ID %s used by new audit session, ignoring", id);
                        audit_id = 0;

                        free(id);
                        id = NULL;
                }
        }

        if (!id) {
                do {
                        free(id);
                        id = NULL;

                        if (asprintf(&id, "c%lu", ++m->session_counter) < 0)
                                return -ENOMEM;

                } while (hashmap_get(m->sessions, id));
        }

        r = manager_add_user_by_uid(m, uid, &user);
        if (r < 0)
                goto fail;

        r = manager_add_session(m, id, &session);
        if (r < 0)
                goto fail;

        session_set_user(session, user);

        session->leader = leader;
        session->audit_id = audit_id;
        session->type = t;
        session->class = c;
        session->remote = remote;
        session->vtnr = vtnr;

        if (!isempty(tty)) {
                session->tty = strdup(tty);
                if (!session->tty) {
                        r = -ENOMEM;
                        goto fail;
                }
        }

        if (!isempty(display)) {
                session->display = strdup(display);
                if (!session->display) {
                        r = -ENOMEM;
                        goto fail;
                }
        }

        if (!isempty(remote_user)) {
                session->remote_user = strdup(remote_user);
                if (!session->remote_user) {
                        r = -ENOMEM;
                        goto fail;
                }
        }

        if (!isempty(remote_host)) {
                session->remote_host = strdup(remote_host);
                if (!session->remote_host) {
                        r = -ENOMEM;
                        goto fail;
                }
        }

        if (!isempty(service)) {
                session->service = strdup(service);
                if (!session->service) {
                        r = -ENOMEM;
                        goto fail;
                }
        }

        if (seat) {
                r = seat_attach_session(seat, session);
                if (r < 0)
                        goto fail;
        }

        r = session_start(session);
        if (r < 0)
                goto fail;

        session->create_message = sd_bus_message_ref(message);

        /* Now, let's wait until the slice unit and stuff got
         * created. We send the reply back from
         * session_send_create_reply().*/

        return 1;

fail:
        if (session)
                session_add_to_gc_queue(session);

        if (user)
                user_add_to_gc_queue(user);

        return r;
}

static int method_release_session(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;
        Session *session;
        const char *name;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "s", &name);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        session = hashmap_get(m->sessions, name);
        if (!session)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_SESSION, "No session '%s' known", name);

        /* We use the FIFO to detect stray sessions where the process
           invoking PAM dies abnormally. We need to make sure that
           that process is not killed if at the clean end of the
           session it closes the FIFO. Hence, with this call
           explicitly turn off the FIFO logic, so that the PAM code
           can finish clean up on its own */
        session_remove_fifo(session);
        session_save(session);
        user_save(session->user);

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, NULL);
}

static int method_activate_session(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;
        Session *session;
        const char *name;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "s", &name);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        session = hashmap_get(m->sessions, name);
        if (!session)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_SESSION, "No session '%s' known", name);

        r = session_activate(session);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, NULL);
}

static int method_activate_session_on_seat(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        const char *session_name, *seat_name;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        Session *session;
        Seat *seat;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        /* Same as ActivateSession() but refuses to work if
         * the seat doesn't match */

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "ss", &session_name, &seat_name);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        session = hashmap_get(m->sessions, session_name);
        if (!session)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_SESSION, "No session '%s' known", session_name);

        seat = hashmap_get(m->seats, seat_name);
        if (!seat)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_SEAT, "No seat '%s' known", seat_name);

        if (session->seat != seat)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_SESSION_NOT_ON_SEAT, "Session %s not on seat %s", session_name, seat_name);

        r = session_activate(session);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, NULL);
}

static int method_lock_session(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;
        Session *session;
        const char *name;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "s", &name);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        session = hashmap_get(m->sessions, name);
        if (!session)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_SESSION, "No session '%s' known", name);

        r = session_send_lock(session, streq(sd_bus_message_get_member(message), "LockSession"));
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, NULL);
}

static int method_lock_sessions(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = session_send_lock_all(m, streq(sd_bus_message_get_member(message), "LockSessions"));
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, NULL);
}

static int method_kill_session(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        const char *name, *swho;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        Session *session;
        int32_t signo;
        KillWho who;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "ssi", &name, &swho, &signo);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        if (isempty(swho))
                who = KILL_ALL;
        else {
                who = kill_who_from_string(swho);
                if (who < 0)
                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid kill parameter '%s'", swho);
        }

        if (signo <= 0 || signo >= _NSIG)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid signal %i", signo);

        session = hashmap_get(m->sessions, name);
        if (!session)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_SESSION, "No session '%s' known", name);

        r = session_kill(session, who, signo);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, NULL);
}

static int method_kill_user(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;
        uint32_t uid;
        int32_t signo;
        User *user;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "ui", &uid, &signo);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        if (signo <= 0 || signo >= _NSIG)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid signal %i", signo);

        user = hashmap_get(m->users, ULONG_TO_PTR((unsigned long) uid));
        if (!user)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_USER, "No user '%lu' known or logged in", (unsigned long) uid);

        r = user_kill(user, signo);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, NULL);
}

static int method_terminate_session(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;
        const char *name;
        Session *session;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "s", &name);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        session = hashmap_get(m->sessions, name);
        if (!session)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_SESSION, "No session '%s' known", name);

        r = session_stop(session);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, NULL);
}

static int method_terminate_user(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;
        uint32_t uid;
        User *user;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "u", &uid);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        user = hashmap_get(m->users, ULONG_TO_PTR((unsigned long) uid));
        if (!user)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_USER, "No user '%lu' known or logged in", (unsigned long) uid);

        r = user_stop(user);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, NULL);
}

static int method_terminate_seat(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;
        const char *name;
        Seat *seat;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "s", &name);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        seat = hashmap_get(m->seats, name);
        if (!seat)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_SEAT, "No seat '%s' known", name);

        r = seat_stop_sessions(seat);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, NULL);
}

static int method_set_user_linger(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        _cleanup_free_ char *cc = NULL;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        int b, r;
        struct passwd *pw;
        const char *path;
        uint32_t uid;
        int interactive;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "ubb", &uid, &b, &interactive);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        errno = 0;
        pw = getpwuid(uid);
        if (!pw)
                return errno ? -errno : -ENOENT;

        r = bus_verify_polkit_async(bus,
                                    &m->polkit_registry,
                                    message,
                                    "org.freedesktop.login1.set-user-linger",
                                    interactive,
                                    error,
                                    method_set_user_linger, m);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;
        if (r == 0)
                return 1; /* No authorization for now, but the async polkit stuff will call us again when it has it */

        mkdir_p_label("/var/lib/systemd", 0755);

        r = mkdir_safe_label("/var/lib/systemd/linger", 0755, 0, 0);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        cc = cescape(pw->pw_name);
        if (!cc)
                return -ENOMEM;

        path = strappenda("/var/lib/systemd/linger/", cc);
        if (b) {
                User *u;

                r = touch(path);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                if (manager_add_user_by_uid(m, uid, &u) >= 0)
                        user_start(u);

        } else {
                User *u;

                r = unlink(path);
                if (r < 0 && errno != ENOENT)
                        return -errno;

                u = hashmap_get(m->users, ULONG_TO_PTR((unsigned long) uid));
                if (u)
                        user_add_to_gc_queue(u);
        }

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, NULL);
}

static int trigger_device(Manager *m, struct udev_device *d) {
        struct udev_enumerate *e;
        struct udev_list_entry *first, *item;
        int r;

        assert(m);

        e = udev_enumerate_new(m->udev);
        if (!e) {
                r = -ENOMEM;
                goto finish;
        }

        if (d) {
                if (udev_enumerate_add_match_parent(e, d) < 0) {
                        r = -EIO;
                        goto finish;
                }
        }

        if (udev_enumerate_scan_devices(e) < 0) {
                r = -EIO;
                goto finish;
        }

        first = udev_enumerate_get_list_entry(e);
        udev_list_entry_foreach(item, first) {
                _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL;
                const char *p;

                p = udev_list_entry_get_name(item);

                t = strappend(p, "/uevent");
                if (!t) {
                        r = -ENOMEM;
                        goto finish;
                }

                write_string_file(t, "change");
        }

        r = 0;

finish:
        if (e)
                udev_enumerate_unref(e);

        return r;
}

static int attach_device(Manager *m, const char *seat, const char *sysfs) {
        _cleanup_free_ char *rule = NULL, *file = NULL;
        const char *id_for_seat;
        struct udev_device *d;
        int r;

        assert(m);
        assert(seat);
        assert(sysfs);

        d = udev_device_new_from_syspath(m->udev, sysfs);
        if (!d)
                return -ENODEV;

        if (!udev_device_has_tag(d, "seat")) {
                r = -ENODEV;
                goto finish;
        }

        id_for_seat = udev_device_get_property_value(d, "ID_FOR_SEAT");
        if (!id_for_seat) {
                r = -ENODEV;
                goto finish;
        }

        if (asprintf(&file, "/etc/udev/rules.d/72-seat-%s.rules", id_for_seat) < 0) {
                r = -ENOMEM;
                goto finish;
        }

        if (asprintf(&rule, "TAG==\"seat\", ENV{ID_FOR_SEAT}==\"%s\", ENV{ID_SEAT}=\"%s\"", id_for_seat, seat) < 0) {
                r = -ENOMEM;
                goto finish;
        }

        mkdir_p_label("/etc/udev/rules.d", 0755);
        label_init("/etc");
        r = write_string_file_atomic_label(file, rule);
        if (r < 0)
                goto finish;

        r = trigger_device(m, d);

finish:
        if (d)
                udev_device_unref(d);

        return r;
}

static int flush_devices(Manager *m) {
        _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d;

        assert(m);

        d = opendir("/etc/udev/rules.d");
        if (!d) {
                if (errno != ENOENT)
                        log_warning("Failed to open /etc/udev/rules.d: %m");
        } else {
                struct dirent *de;

                while ((de = readdir(d))) {

                        if (!dirent_is_file(de))
                                continue;

                        if (!startswith(de->d_name, "72-seat-"))
                                continue;

                        if (!endswith(de->d_name, ".rules"))
                                continue;

                        if (unlinkat(dirfd(d), de->d_name, 0) < 0)
                                log_warning("Failed to unlink %s: %m", de->d_name);
                }
        }

        return trigger_device(m, NULL);
}

static int method_attach_device(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        const char *sysfs, *seat;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        int interactive, r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "ssb", &seat, &sysfs, &interactive);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        if (!path_startswith(sysfs, "/sys"))
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Path %s is not in /sys", sysfs);

        if (!seat_name_is_valid(seat))
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Seat %s is not valid", seat);

        r = bus_verify_polkit_async(bus,
                                    &m->polkit_registry,
                                    message,
                                    "org.freedesktop.login1.attach-device",
                                    interactive,
                                    error,
                                    method_attach_device, m);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;
        if (r == 0)
                return 1; /* No authorization for now, but the async polkit stuff will call us again when it has it */

        r = attach_device(m, seat, sysfs);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, NULL);
}

static int method_flush_devices(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;
        int interactive, r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "b", &interactive);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = bus_verify_polkit_async(bus,
                                    &m->polkit_registry,
                                    message,
                                    "org.freedesktop.login1.flush-devices",
                                    interactive,
                                    error,
                                    method_flush_devices, m);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;
        if (r == 0)
                return 1; /* No authorization for now, but the async polkit stuff will call us again when it has it */

        r = flush_devices(m);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, NULL);
}

static int have_multiple_sessions(
                Manager *m,
                uid_t uid) {

        Session *session;
        Iterator i;

        assert(m);

        /* Check for other users' sessions. Greeter sessions do not
         * count, and non-login sessions do not count either. */
        HASHMAP_FOREACH(session, m->sessions, i)
                if (session->class == SESSION_USER &&
                    session->user->uid != uid)
                        return true;

        return false;
}

static int bus_manager_log_shutdown(
                Manager *m,
                InhibitWhat w,
                const char *unit_name) {

        const char *p, *q;

        assert(m);
        assert(unit_name);

        if (w != INHIBIT_SHUTDOWN)
                return 0;

        if (streq(unit_name, SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET)) {
                p = "MESSAGE=System is powering down.";
                q = "SHUTDOWN=power-off";
        } else if (streq(unit_name, SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET)) {
                p = "MESSAGE=System is halting.";
                q = "SHUTDOWN=halt";
        } else if (streq(unit_name, SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET)) {
                p = "MESSAGE=System is rebooting.";
                q = "SHUTDOWN=reboot";
        } else if (streq(unit_name, SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET)) {
                p = "MESSAGE=System is rebooting with kexec.";
                q = "SHUTDOWN=kexec";
        } else {
                p = "MESSAGE=System is shutting down.";
                q = NULL;
        }

        return log_struct(LOG_NOTICE, MESSAGE_ID(SD_MESSAGE_SHUTDOWN),
                          p,
                          q, NULL);
}

static int execute_shutdown_or_sleep(
                Manager *m,
                InhibitWhat w,
                const char *unit_name,
                sd_bus_error *error) {

        _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
        const char *p;
        char *c;
        int r;

        assert(m);
        assert(w >= 0);
        assert(w < _INHIBIT_WHAT_MAX);
        assert(unit_name);

        bus_manager_log_shutdown(m, w, unit_name);

        r = sd_bus_call_method(
                        m->bus,
                        "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
                        "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
                        "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
                        "StartUnit",
                        error,
                        &reply,
                        "ss", unit_name, "replace-irreversibly");
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "o", &p);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        c = strdup(p);
        if (!c)
                return -ENOMEM;

        m->action_unit = unit_name;
        free(m->action_job);
        m->action_job = c;
        m->action_what = w;

        return 0;
}

static int delay_shutdown_or_sleep(
                Manager *m,
                InhibitWhat w,
                const char *unit_name) {

        assert(m);
        assert(w >= 0);
        assert(w < _INHIBIT_WHAT_MAX);
        assert(unit_name);

        m->action_timestamp = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
        m->action_unit = unit_name;
        m->action_what = w;

        return 0;
}

static int send_prepare_for(Manager *m, InhibitWhat w, bool _active) {

        static const char * const signal_name[_INHIBIT_WHAT_MAX] = {
                [INHIBIT_SHUTDOWN] = "PrepareForShutdown",
                [INHIBIT_SLEEP] = "PrepareForSleep"
        };

        int active = _active;

        assert(m);
        assert(w >= 0);
        assert(w < _INHIBIT_WHAT_MAX);
        assert(signal_name[w]);

        return sd_bus_emit_signal(m->bus,
                                  "/org/freedesktop/login1",
                                  "org.freedesktop.login1.Manager",
                                  signal_name[w],
                                  "b",
                                  active);
}

int bus_manager_shutdown_or_sleep_now_or_later(
                Manager *m,
                const char *unit_name,
                InhibitWhat w,
                sd_bus_error *error) {

        bool delayed;
        int r;

        assert(m);
        assert(unit_name);
        assert(w >= 0);
        assert(w <= _INHIBIT_WHAT_MAX);
        assert(!m->action_job);

        /* Tell everybody to prepare for shutdown/sleep */
        send_prepare_for(m, w, true);

        delayed =
                m->inhibit_delay_max > 0 &&
                manager_is_inhibited(m, w, INHIBIT_DELAY, NULL, false, false, 0, NULL);

        if (delayed)
                /* Shutdown is delayed, keep in mind what we
                 * want to do, and start a timeout */
                r = delay_shutdown_or_sleep(m, w, unit_name);
        else
                /* Shutdown is not delayed, execute it
                 * immediately */
                r = execute_shutdown_or_sleep(m, w, unit_name, error);

        return r;
}

static int method_do_shutdown_or_sleep(
                Manager *m,
                sd_bus_message *message,
                const char *unit_name,
                InhibitWhat w,
                const char *action,
                const char *action_multiple_sessions,
                const char *action_ignore_inhibit,
                const char *sleep_verb,
                sd_bus_message_handler_t method,
                sd_bus_error *error) {

        _cleanup_bus_creds_unref_ sd_bus_creds *creds = NULL;
        bool multiple_sessions, blocked;
        int interactive, r;
        uid_t uid;

        assert(m);
        assert(message);
        assert(unit_name);
        assert(w >= 0);
        assert(w <= _INHIBIT_WHAT_MAX);
        assert(action);
        assert(action_multiple_sessions);
        assert(action_ignore_inhibit);
        assert(method);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "b", &interactive);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        /* Don't allow multiple jobs being executed at the same time */
        if (m->action_what)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_OPERATION_IN_PROGRESS, "There's already a shutdown or sleep operation in progress");

        if (sleep_verb) {
                r = can_sleep(sleep_verb);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                if (r == 0)
                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_SLEEP_VERB_NOT_SUPPORTED, "Sleep verb not supported");
        }

        r = sd_bus_query_sender_creds(message, SD_BUS_CREDS_UID, &creds);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = sd_bus_creds_get_uid(creds, &uid);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = have_multiple_sessions(m, uid);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        multiple_sessions = r > 0;
        blocked = manager_is_inhibited(m, w, INHIBIT_BLOCK, NULL, false, true, uid, NULL);

        if (multiple_sessions) {
                r = bus_verify_polkit_async(m->bus, &m->polkit_registry, message,
                                            action_multiple_sessions, interactive, error, method, m);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
        }

        if (blocked) {
                r = bus_verify_polkit_async(m->bus, &m->polkit_registry, message,
                                            action_ignore_inhibit, interactive, error, method, m);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
        }

        if (!multiple_sessions && !blocked) {
                r = bus_verify_polkit_async(m->bus, &m->polkit_registry, message,
                                            action, interactive, error, method, m);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
        }

        r = bus_manager_shutdown_or_sleep_now_or_later(m, unit_name, w, error);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, NULL);
}

static int method_poweroff(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;

        return method_do_shutdown_or_sleep(
                        m, message,
                        SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
                        INHIBIT_SHUTDOWN,
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.power-off",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.power-off-multiple-sessions",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.power-off-ignore-inhibit",
                        NULL,
                        method_poweroff,
                        error);
}

static int method_reboot(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;

        return method_do_shutdown_or_sleep(
                        m, message,
                        SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
                        INHIBIT_SHUTDOWN,
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.reboot",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.reboot-multiple-sessions",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.reboot-ignore-inhibit",
                        NULL,
                        method_reboot,
                        error);
}

static int method_suspend(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;

        return method_do_shutdown_or_sleep(
                        m, message,
                        SPECIAL_SUSPEND_TARGET,
                        INHIBIT_SLEEP,
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.suspend",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.suspend-multiple-sessions",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.suspend-ignore-inhibit",
                        "suspend",
                        method_suspend,
                        error);
}

static int method_hibernate(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;

        return method_do_shutdown_or_sleep(
                        m, message,
                        SPECIAL_HIBERNATE_TARGET,
                        INHIBIT_SLEEP,
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate-multiple-sessions",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate-ignore-inhibit",
                        "hibernate",
                        method_hibernate,
                        error);
}

static int method_hybrid_sleep(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;

        return method_do_shutdown_or_sleep(
                        m, message,
                        SPECIAL_HYBRID_SLEEP_TARGET,
                        INHIBIT_SLEEP,
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate-multiple-sessions",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate-ignore-inhibit",
                        "hybrid-sleep",
                        method_hybrid_sleep,
                        error);
}

static int method_can_shutdown_or_sleep(
                Manager *m,
                sd_bus_message *message,
                InhibitWhat w,
                const char *action,
                const char *action_multiple_sessions,
                const char *action_ignore_inhibit,
                const char *sleep_verb,
                sd_bus_error *error) {

        _cleanup_bus_creds_unref_ sd_bus_creds *creds = NULL;
        bool multiple_sessions, challenge, blocked;
        const char *result = NULL;
        uid_t uid;
        int r;

        assert(m);
        assert(message);
        assert(w >= 0);
        assert(w <= _INHIBIT_WHAT_MAX);
        assert(action);
        assert(action_multiple_sessions);
        assert(action_ignore_inhibit);

        if (sleep_verb) {
                r = can_sleep(sleep_verb);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
                if (r == 0)
                        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, "s", "na");
        }

        r = sd_bus_query_sender_creds(message, SD_BUS_CREDS_UID, &creds);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = sd_bus_creds_get_uid(creds, &uid);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = have_multiple_sessions(m, uid);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        multiple_sessions = r > 0;
        blocked = manager_is_inhibited(m, w, INHIBIT_BLOCK, NULL, false, true, uid, NULL);

        if (multiple_sessions) {
                r = bus_verify_polkit(m->bus, message, action_multiple_sessions, false, &challenge, error);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                if (r > 0)
                        result = "yes";
                else if (challenge)
                        result = "challenge";
                else
                        result = "no";
        }

        if (blocked) {
                r = bus_verify_polkit(m->bus, message, action_ignore_inhibit, false, &challenge, error);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                if (r > 0 && !result)
                        result = "yes";
                else if (challenge && (!result || streq(result, "yes")))
                        result = "challenge";
                else
                        result = "no";
        }

        if (!multiple_sessions && !blocked) {
                /* If neither inhibit nor multiple sessions
                 * apply then just check the normal policy */

                r = bus_verify_polkit(m->bus, message, action, false, &challenge, error);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                if (r > 0)
                        result = "yes";
                else if (challenge)
                        result = "challenge";
                else
                        result = "no";
        }

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, "s", result);
}

static int method_can_poweroff(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;

        return method_can_shutdown_or_sleep(
                        m, message,
                        INHIBIT_SHUTDOWN,
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.power-off",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.power-off-multiple-sessions",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.power-off-ignore-inhibit",
                        NULL,
                        error);
}

static int method_can_reboot(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;

        return method_can_shutdown_or_sleep(
                        m, message,
                        INHIBIT_SHUTDOWN,
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.reboot",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.reboot-multiple-sessions",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.reboot-ignore-inhibit",
                        NULL,
                        error);
}

static int method_can_suspend(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;

        return method_can_shutdown_or_sleep(
                        m, message,
                        INHIBIT_SLEEP,
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.suspend",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.suspend-multiple-sessions",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.suspend-ignore-inhibit",
                        "suspend",
                        error);
}

static int method_can_hibernate(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;

        return method_can_shutdown_or_sleep(
                        m, message,
                        INHIBIT_SLEEP,
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate-multiple-sessions",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate-ignore-inhibit",
                        "hibernate",
                        error);
}

static int method_can_hybrid_sleep(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;

        return method_can_shutdown_or_sleep(
                        m, message,
                        INHIBIT_SLEEP,
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate-multiple-sessions",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate-ignore-inhibit",
                        "hybrid-sleep",
                        error);
}

static int method_inhibit(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        _cleanup_bus_creds_unref_ sd_bus_creds *creds = NULL;
        const char *who, *why, *what, *mode;
        _cleanup_free_ char *id = NULL;
        _cleanup_close_ int fifo_fd = -1;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        Inhibitor *i = NULL;
        InhibitMode mm;
        InhibitWhat w;
        pid_t pid;
        uid_t uid;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "ssss", &what, &who, &why, &mode);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        w = inhibit_what_from_string(what);
        if (w <= 0)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid what specification %s", what);

        mm = inhibit_mode_from_string(mode);
        if (mm < 0)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid mode specification %s", mode);

        /* Delay is only supported for shutdown/sleep */
        if (mm == INHIBIT_DELAY && (w & ~(INHIBIT_SHUTDOWN|INHIBIT_SLEEP)))
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Delay inhibitors only supported for shutdown and sleep");

        /* Don't allow taking delay locks while we are already
         * executing the operation. We shouldn't create the impression
         * that the lock was successful if the machine is about to go
         * down/suspend any moment. */
        if (m->action_what & w)
                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_OPERATION_IN_PROGRESS, "The operation inhibition has been requested for is already running");

        r = bus_verify_polkit_async(bus, &m->polkit_registry, message,
                                    w == INHIBIT_SHUTDOWN             ? (mm == INHIBIT_BLOCK ? "org.freedesktop.login1.inhibit-block-shutdown" : "org.freedesktop.login1.inhibit-delay-shutdown") :
                                    w == INHIBIT_SLEEP                ? (mm == INHIBIT_BLOCK ? "org.freedesktop.login1.inhibit-block-sleep"    : "org.freedesktop.login1.inhibit-delay-sleep") :
                                    w == INHIBIT_IDLE                 ? "org.freedesktop.login1.inhibit-block-idle" :
                                    w == INHIBIT_HANDLE_POWER_KEY     ? "org.freedesktop.login1.inhibit-handle-power-key" :
                                    w == INHIBIT_HANDLE_SUSPEND_KEY   ? "org.freedesktop.login1.inhibit-handle-suspend-key" :
                                    w == INHIBIT_HANDLE_HIBERNATE_KEY ? "org.freedesktop.login1.inhibit-handle-hibernate-key" :
                                                                        "org.freedesktop.login1.inhibit-handle-lid-switch",
                                    false, error, method_inhibit, m);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;
        if (r == 0)
                return 1; /* No authorization for now, but the async polkit stuff will call us again when it has it */

        r = sd_bus_query_sender_creds(message, SD_BUS_CREDS_UID|SD_BUS_CREDS_PID, &creds);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = sd_bus_creds_get_uid(creds, &uid);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = sd_bus_creds_get_pid(creds, &pid);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        do {
                free(id);
                id = NULL;

                if (asprintf(&id, "%lu", ++m->inhibit_counter) < 0)
                        return -ENOMEM;

        } while (hashmap_get(m->inhibitors, id));

        r = manager_add_inhibitor(m, id, &i);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        i->what = w;
        i->mode = mm;
        i->pid = pid;
        i->uid = uid;
        i->why = strdup(why);
        i->who = strdup(who);

        if (!i->why || !i->who) {
                r = -ENOMEM;
                goto fail;
        }

        fifo_fd = inhibitor_create_fifo(i);
        if (fifo_fd < 0) {
                r = fifo_fd;
                goto fail;
        }

        inhibitor_start(i);

        return sd_bus_reply_method_return(message, "h", fifo_fd);

fail:
        if (i)
                inhibitor_free(i);

        return r;
}

const sd_bus_vtable manager_vtable[] = {
        SD_BUS_VTABLE_START(0),

        SD_BUS_PROPERTY("NAutoVTs", "u", NULL, offsetof(Manager, n_autovts), 0),
        SD_BUS_PROPERTY("KillOnlyUsers", "as", NULL, offsetof(Manager, kill_only_users), 0),
        SD_BUS_PROPERTY("KillExcludeUsers", "as", NULL, offsetof(Manager, kill_exclude_users), 0),
        SD_BUS_PROPERTY("KillUserProcesses", "b", NULL, offsetof(Manager, kill_user_processes), 0),
        SD_BUS_PROPERTY("IdleHint", "b", property_get_idle_hint, 0, SD_BUS_VTABLE_PROPERTY_EMITS_CHANGE),
        SD_BUS_PROPERTY("IdleSinceHint", "t", property_get_idle_since_hint, 0, SD_BUS_VTABLE_PROPERTY_EMITS_CHANGE),
        SD_BUS_PROPERTY("IdleSinceHintMonotonic", "t", property_get_idle_since_hint, 0, SD_BUS_VTABLE_PROPERTY_EMITS_CHANGE),
        SD_BUS_PROPERTY("BlockInhibited", "s", property_get_inhibited, 0, SD_BUS_VTABLE_PROPERTY_EMITS_CHANGE),
        SD_BUS_PROPERTY("DelayInhibited", "s", property_get_inhibited, 0, SD_BUS_VTABLE_PROPERTY_EMITS_CHANGE),
        SD_BUS_PROPERTY("InhibitDelayMaxUSec", "t", NULL, offsetof(Manager, inhibit_delay_max), 0),
        SD_BUS_PROPERTY("HandlePowerKey", "s", property_get_handle_action, offsetof(Manager, handle_power_key), 0),
        SD_BUS_PROPERTY("HandleSuspendKey", "s", property_get_handle_action, offsetof(Manager, handle_suspend_key), 0),
        SD_BUS_PROPERTY("HandleHibernateKey", "s", property_get_handle_action, offsetof(Manager, handle_hibernate_key), 0),
        SD_BUS_PROPERTY("HandleLidSwitch", "s", property_get_handle_action, offsetof(Manager, handle_lid_switch), 0),
        SD_BUS_PROPERTY("IdleAction", "s", property_get_handle_action, offsetof(Manager, idle_action), 0),
        SD_BUS_PROPERTY("IdleActionUSec", "t", NULL, offsetof(Manager, idle_action_usec), 0),
        SD_BUS_PROPERTY("PreparingForShutdown", "b", property_get_preparing, 0, 0),
        SD_BUS_PROPERTY("PreparingForSleep", "b", property_get_preparing, 0, 0),

        SD_BUS_METHOD("GetSession", "s", "o", method_get_session, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("GetSessionByPID", "u", "o", method_get_session_by_pid, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("GetUser", "u", "o", method_get_user, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("GetUserByPID", "u", "o", method_get_user_by_pid, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("GetSeat", "s", "o", method_get_seat, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("ListSessions", NULL, "a(susso)", method_list_sessions, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("ListUsers", NULL, "a(uso)", method_list_users, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("ListSeats", NULL, "a(so)", method_list_seats, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("ListInhibitors", NULL, "a(ssssuu)", method_list_inhibitors, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("CreateSession", "uussssussbssa(sv)", "soshusub", method_create_session, 0),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("ReleaseSession", "s", NULL, method_release_session, 0),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("ActivateSession", "s", NULL, method_activate_session, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("ActivateSessionOnSeat", "ss", NULL, method_activate_session_on_seat, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("LockSession", "s", NULL, method_lock_session, 0),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("UnlockSession", "s", NULL, method_lock_session, 0),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("LockSessions", NULL, NULL, method_lock_sessions, 0),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("UnlockSessions", NULL, NULL, method_lock_sessions, 0),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("KillSession", "ssi", NULL, method_kill_session, SD_BUS_VTABLE_CAPABILITY(CAP_KILL)),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("KillUser", "ui", NULL, method_kill_user, SD_BUS_VTABLE_CAPABILITY(CAP_KILL)),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("TerminateSession", "s", NULL, method_terminate_session, SD_BUS_VTABLE_CAPABILITY(CAP_KILL)),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("TerminateUser", "u", NULL, method_terminate_user, SD_BUS_VTABLE_CAPABILITY(CAP_KILL)),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("TerminateSeat", "s", NULL, method_terminate_seat, SD_BUS_VTABLE_CAPABILITY(CAP_KILL)),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("SetUserLinger", "ubb", NULL, method_set_user_linger, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("AttachDevice", "ssb", NULL, method_attach_device, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("FlushDevices", "b", NULL, method_flush_devices, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("PowerOff", "b", NULL, method_poweroff, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("Reboot", "b", NULL, method_reboot, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("Suspend", "b", NULL, method_suspend, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("Hibernate", "b", NULL, method_hibernate, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("HybridSleep", "b", NULL, method_hybrid_sleep, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("CanPowerOff", NULL, "s", method_can_poweroff, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("CanReboot", NULL, "s", method_can_reboot, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("CanSuspend", NULL, "s", method_can_suspend, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("CanHibernate", NULL, "s", method_can_hibernate, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("CanHybridSleep", NULL, "s", method_can_hybrid_sleep, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),
        SD_BUS_METHOD("Inhibit", "ssss", "h", method_inhibit, SD_BUS_VTABLE_UNPRIVILEGED),

        SD_BUS_SIGNAL("SessionNew", "so", 0),
        SD_BUS_SIGNAL("SessionRemoved", "so", 0),
        SD_BUS_SIGNAL("UserNew", "uo", 0),
        SD_BUS_SIGNAL("UserRemoved", "uo", 0),
        SD_BUS_SIGNAL("SeatNew", "so", 0),
        SD_BUS_SIGNAL("SeatRemoved", "so", 0),
        SD_BUS_SIGNAL("PrepareForShutdown", "b", 0),
        SD_BUS_SIGNAL("PrepareForSleep", "b", 0),

        SD_BUS_VTABLE_END
};

int match_job_removed(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        const char *path, *result, *unit;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        Session *session;
        uint32_t id;
        User *user;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "uoss", &id, &path, &unit, &result);
        if (r < 0) {
                bus_log_parse_error(r);
                return r;
        }

        if (m->action_job && streq(m->action_job, path)) {
                log_info("Operation finished.");

                /* Tell people that they now may take a lock again */
                send_prepare_for(m, m->action_what, false);

                free(m->action_job);
                m->action_job = NULL;
                m->action_unit = NULL;
                m->action_what = 0;
                return 0;
        }

        session = hashmap_get(m->session_units, unit);
        if (session) {

                if (streq_ptr(path, session->scope_job)) {
                        free(session->scope_job);
                        session->scope_job = NULL;
                }

                if (session->started) {
                        if (streq(result, "done"))
                                session_send_create_reply(session, NULL);
                        else {
                                _cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error e = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;

                                sd_bus_error_setf(&e, BUS_ERROR_JOB_FAILED, "Start job for unit %s failed with '%s'", unit, result);
                                session_send_create_reply(session, &e);
                        }
                } else
                        session_save(session);

                session_add_to_gc_queue(session);
        }

        user = hashmap_get(m->user_units, unit);
        if (user) {

                if (streq_ptr(path, user->service_job)) {
                        free(user->service_job);
                        user->service_job = NULL;
                }

                if (streq_ptr(path, user->slice_job)) {
                        free(user->slice_job);
                        user->slice_job = NULL;
                }

                user_save(user);
                user_add_to_gc_queue(user);
        }

        return 0;
}

int match_unit_removed(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        const char *path, *unit;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        Session *session;
        User *user;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "so", &unit, &path);
        if (r < 0) {
                bus_log_parse_error(r);
                return r;
        }

        session = hashmap_get(m->session_units, unit);
        if (session)
                session_add_to_gc_queue(session);

        user = hashmap_get(m->user_units, unit);
        if (user)
                user_add_to_gc_queue(user);

        return 0;
}

int match_properties_changed(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        _cleanup_free_ char *unit = NULL;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        const char *path;
        Session *session;
        User *user;
        int r;

        assert(bus);
        assert(message);
        assert(m);

        path = sd_bus_message_get_path(message);
        if (!path)
                return 0;

        r = unit_name_from_dbus_path(path, &unit);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        session = hashmap_get(m->session_units, unit);
        if (session)
                session_add_to_gc_queue(session);

        user = hashmap_get(m->user_units, unit);
        if (user)
                user_add_to_gc_queue(user);

        return 0;
}

int match_reloading(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        Manager *m = userdata;
        Session *session;
        Iterator i;
        int b, r;

        assert(bus);

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "b", &b);
        if (r < 0) {
                bus_log_parse_error(r);
                return r;
        }

        if (b)
                return 0;

        /* systemd finished reloading, let's recheck all our sessions */
        log_debug("System manager has been reloaded, rechecking sessions...");

        HASHMAP_FOREACH(session, m->sessions, i)
                session_add_to_gc_queue(session);

        return 0;
}

int match_name_owner_changed(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
        const char *name, *old, *new;
        Manager *m = userdata;
        Session *session;
        Iterator i;
        int r;


        char *key;

        r = sd_bus_message_read(message, "sss", &name, &old, &new);
        if (r < 0) {
                bus_log_parse_error(r);
                return r;
        }

        if (isempty(old) || !isempty(new))
                return 0;

        key = set_remove(m->busnames, (char*) old);
        if (!key)
                return 0;

        /* Drop all controllers owned by this name */

        free(key);

        HASHMAP_FOREACH(session, m->sessions, i)
                if (session_is_controller(session, old))
                        session_drop_controller(session);

        return 0;
}

int manager_send_changed(Manager *manager, const char *property, ...) {
        char **l;

        assert(manager);

        l = strv_from_stdarg_alloca(property);

        return sd_bus_emit_properties_changed_strv(
                        manager->bus,
                        "/org/freedesktop/login1",
                        "org.freedesktop.login1.Manager",
                        l);
}

int manager_dispatch_delayed(Manager *manager) {
        _cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
        Inhibitor *offending = NULL;
        int r;

        assert(manager);

        if (manager->action_what == 0 || manager->action_job)
                return 0;

        /* Continue delay? */
        if (manager_is_inhibited(manager, manager->action_what, INHIBIT_DELAY, NULL, false, false, 0, &offending)) {
                _cleanup_free_ char *comm = NULL, *u = NULL;

                get_process_comm(offending->pid, &comm);
                u = uid_to_name(offending->uid);

                if (manager->action_timestamp + manager->inhibit_delay_max > now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC))
                        return 0;

                log_info("Delay lock is active (UID %lu/%s, PID %lu/%s) but inhibitor timeout is reached.",
                         (unsigned long) offending->uid, strna(u),
                         (unsigned long) offending->pid, strna(comm));
        }

        /* Actually do the operation */
        r = execute_shutdown_or_sleep(manager, manager->action_what, manager->action_unit, &error);
        if (r < 0) {
                log_warning("Failed to send delayed message: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));

                manager->action_unit = NULL;
                manager->action_what = 0;
                return r;
        }

        return 1;
}

int manager_start_scope(
                Manager *manager,
                const char *scope,
                pid_t pid,
                const char *slice,
                const char *description,
                const char *after,
                const char *kill_mode,
                sd_bus_error *error,
                char **job) {

        _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
        int r;

        assert(manager);
        assert(scope);
        assert(pid > 1);

        r = sd_bus_message_new_method_call(
                        manager->bus,
                        "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
                        "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
                        "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
                        "StartTransientUnit",
                        &m);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "ss", strempty(scope), "fail");
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = sd_bus_message_open_container(m, 'a', "(sv)");
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        if (!isempty(slice)) {
                r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "Slice", "s", slice);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
        }

        if (!isempty(description)) {
                r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "Description", "s", description);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
        }

        if (!isempty(description)) {
                r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "After", "as", 1, after);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
        }

        if (!isempty(kill_mode)) {
                r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "KillMode", "s", kill_mode);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
        }

        /* cgroup empty notification is not available in containers
         * currently. To make this less problematic, let's shorten the
         * stop timeout for sessions, so that we don't wait
         * forever. */

        r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "TimeoutStopUSec", "t", 500 * USEC_PER_MSEC);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        /* Make sure that the session shells are terminated with
         * SIGHUP since bash and friends tend to ignore SIGTERM */
        r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "SendSIGHUP", "b", true);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "PIDs", "au", 1, pid);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = sd_bus_message_close_container(m);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "a(sa(sv))", 0);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = sd_bus_call(manager->bus, m, 0, error, &reply);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        if (job) {
                const char *j;
                char *copy;

                r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "o", &j);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                copy = strdup(j);
                if (!copy)
                        return -ENOMEM;

                *job = copy;
        }

        return 1;
}

int manager_start_unit(Manager *manager, const char *unit, sd_bus_error *error, char **job) {
        _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
        int r;

        assert(manager);
        assert(unit);

        r = sd_bus_call_method(
                        manager->bus,
                        "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
                        "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
                        "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
                        "StartUnit",
                        error,
                        &reply,
                        "ss", unit, "fail");
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        if (job) {
                const char *j;
                char *copy;

                r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "o", &j);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                copy = strdup(j);
                if (!copy)
                        return -ENOMEM;

                *job = copy;
        }

        return 1;
}

int manager_stop_unit(Manager *manager, const char *unit, sd_bus_error *error, char **job) {
        _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
        int r;

        assert(manager);
        assert(unit);

        r = sd_bus_call_method(
                        manager->bus,
                        "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
                        "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
                        "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
                        "StopUnit",
                        error,
                        &reply,
                        "ss", unit, "fail");
        if (r < 0) {
                if (sd_bus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT) ||
                    sd_bus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED)) {

                        if (job)
                                *job = NULL;

                        sd_bus_error_free(error);
                        return 0;
                }

                return r;
        }

        if (job) {
                const char *j;
                char *copy;

                r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "o", &j);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                copy = strdup(j);
                if (!copy)
                        return -ENOMEM;

                *job = copy;
        }

        return 1;
}

int manager_kill_unit(Manager *manager, const char *unit, KillWho who, int signo, sd_bus_error *error) {
        assert(manager);
        assert(unit);

        return sd_bus_call_method(
                        manager->bus,
                        "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
                        "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
                        "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
                        "KillUnit",
                        error,
                        NULL,
                        "ssi", unit, who == KILL_LEADER ? "main" : "all", signo);
}

int manager_unit_is_active(Manager *manager, const char *unit) {
        _cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
        _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
        _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
        const char *state;
        int r;

        assert(manager);
        assert(unit);

        path = unit_dbus_path_from_name(unit);
        if (!path)
                return -ENOMEM;

        r = sd_bus_get_property(
                        manager->bus,
                        "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
                        path,
                        "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
                        "ActiveState",
                        &error,
                        &reply,
                        "s");
        if (r < 0) {
                /* systemd might have droppped off momentarily, let's
                 * not make this an error */
                if (sd_bus_error_has_name(&error, SD_BUS_ERROR_NO_REPLY) ||
                    sd_bus_error_has_name(&error, SD_BUS_ERROR_DISCONNECTED))
                        return true;

                /* If the unit is already unloaded then it's not
                 * active */
                if (sd_bus_error_has_name(&error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT) ||
                    sd_bus_error_has_name(&error, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED))
                        return false;

                return r;
        }

        r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "s", &state);
        if (r < 0)
                return -EINVAL;

        return !streq(state, "inactive") && !streq(state, "failed");
}

int manager_job_is_active(Manager *manager, const char *path) {
        _cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
        _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
        int r;

        assert(manager);
        assert(path);

        r = sd_bus_get_property(
                        manager->bus,
                        "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
                        path,
                        "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job",
                        "State",
                        &error,
                        &reply,
                        "s");
        if (r < 0) {
                if (sd_bus_error_has_name(&error, SD_BUS_ERROR_NO_REPLY) ||
                    sd_bus_error_has_name(&error, SD_BUS_ERROR_DISCONNECTED))
                        return true;

                if (sd_bus_error_has_name(&error, SD_BUS_ERROR_UNKNOWN_OBJECT))
                        return false;

                return r;
        }

        /* We don't actually care about the state really. The fact
         * that we could read the job state is enough for us */

        return true;
}