src/firstboot/firstboot.c

   1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ */
   2
   3 #include <fcntl.h>
   4 #include <getopt.h>
   5 #include <linux/loop.h>
   6 #include <unistd.h>
   7
   8 #include "sd-id128.h"
   9
  10 #include "alloc-util.h"
  11 #include "ask-password-api.h"
  12 #include "copy.h"
  13 #include "dissect-image.h"
  14 #include "env-file.h"
  15 #include "fd-util.h"
  16 #include "fileio.h"
  17 #include "fs-util.h"
  18 #include "hostname-util.h"
  19 #include "kbd-util.h"
  20 #include "libcrypt-util.h"
  21 #include "locale-util.h"
  22 #include "loop-util.h"
  23 #include "main-func.h"
  24 #include "memory-util.h"
  25 #include "mkdir.h"
  26 #include "mount-util.h"
  27 #include "namespace-util.h"
  28 #include "os-util.h"
  29 #include "parse-util.h"
  30 #include "path-util.h"
  31 #include "pretty-print.h"
  32 #include "proc-cmdline.h"
  33 #include "random-util.h"
  34 #include "string-util.h"
  35 #include "strv.h"
  36 #include "terminal-util.h"
  37 #include "time-util.h"
  38 #include "tmpfile-util-label.h"
  39 #include "tmpfile-util.h"
  40 #include "umask-util.h"
  41 #include "user-util.h"
  42
  43 static char *arg_root = NULL;
  44 static char *arg_image = NULL;
  45 static char *arg_locale = NULL;  /* $LANG */
  46 static char *arg_keymap = NULL;
  47 static char *arg_locale_messages = NULL; /* $LC_MESSAGES */
  48 static char *arg_timezone = NULL;
  49 static char *arg_hostname = NULL;
  50 static sd_id128_t arg_machine_id = {};
  51 static char *arg_root_password = NULL;
  52 static char *arg_kernel_cmdline = NULL;
  53 static bool arg_prompt_locale = false;
  54 static bool arg_prompt_keymap = false;
  55 static bool arg_prompt_timezone = false;
  56 static bool arg_prompt_hostname = false;
  57 static bool arg_prompt_root_password = false;
  58 static bool arg_copy_locale = false;
  59 static bool arg_copy_keymap = false;
  60 static bool arg_copy_timezone = false;
  61 static bool arg_copy_root_password = false;
  62 static bool arg_force = false;
  63 static bool arg_delete_root_password = false;
  64 static bool arg_root_password_is_hashed = false;
  65 static bool arg_welcome = true;
  66
  67 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_root, freep);
  68 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_image, freep);
  69 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_locale, freep);
  70 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_locale_messages, freep);
  71 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_keymap, freep);
  72 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_timezone, freep);
  73 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_hostname, freep);
  74 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_root_password, erase_and_freep);
  75
  76 static bool press_any_key(void) {
  77         char k = 0;
  78         bool need_nl = true;
  79
  80         printf("-- Press any key to proceed --");
  81         fflush(stdout);
  82
  83         (void) read_one_char(stdin, &k, USEC_INFINITY, &need_nl);
  84
  85         if (need_nl)
  86                 putchar('\n');
  87
  88         return k != 'q';
  89 }
  90
  91 static void print_welcome(void) {
  92         _cleanup_free_ char *pretty_name = NULL, *ansi_color = NULL;
  93         static bool done = false;
  94         const char *pn;
  95         int r;
  96
  97         if (!arg_welcome)
  98                 return;
  99
 100         if (done)
 101                 return;
 102
 103         r = parse_os_release(
 104                         arg_root,
 105                         "PRETTY_NAME", &pretty_name,
 106                         "ANSI_COLOR", &ansi_color,
 107                         NULL);
 108         if (r < 0)
 109                 log_full_errno(r == -ENOENT ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, r,
 110                                "Failed to read os-release file, ignoring: %m");
 111
 112         pn = isempty(pretty_name) ? "Linux" : pretty_name;
 113
 114         if (colors_enabled())
 115                 printf("\nWelcome to your new installation of \x1B[%sm%s\x1B[0m!\n", ansi_color, pn);
 116         else
 117                 printf("\nWelcome to your new installation of %s!\n", pn);
 118
 119         printf("\nPlease configure your system!\n\n");
 120
 121         press_any_key();
 122
 123         done = true;
 124 }
 125
 126 static int show_menu(char **x, unsigned n_columns, unsigned width, unsigned percentage) {
 127         unsigned break_lines, break_modulo;
 128         size_t n, per_column, i, j;
 129
 130         assert(n_columns > 0);
 131
 132         n = strv_length(x);
 133         per_column = DIV_ROUND_UP(n, n_columns);
 134
 135         break_lines = lines();
 136         if (break_lines > 2)
 137                 break_lines--;
 138
 139         /* The first page gets two extra lines, since we want to show
 140          * a title */
 141         break_modulo = break_lines;
 142         if (break_modulo > 3)
 143                 break_modulo -= 3;
 144
 145         for (i = 0; i < per_column; i++) {
 146
 147                 for (j = 0; j < n_columns; j ++) {
 148                         _cleanup_free_ char *e = NULL;
 149
 150                         if (j * per_column + i >= n)
 151                                 break;
 152
 153                         e = ellipsize(x[j * per_column + i], width, percentage);
 154                         if (!e)
 155                                 return log_oom();
 156
 157                         printf("%4zu) %-*s", j * per_column + i + 1, width, e);
 158                 }
 159
 160                 putchar('\n');
 161
 162                 /* on the first screen we reserve 2 extra lines for the title */
 163                 if (i % break_lines == break_modulo) {
 164                         if (!press_any_key())
 165                                 return 0;
 166                 }
 167         }
 168
 169         return 0;
 170 }
 171
 172 static int prompt_loop(const char *text, char **l, unsigned percentage, bool (*is_valid)(const char *name), char **ret) {
 173         int r;
 174
 175         assert(text);
 176         assert(is_valid);
 177         assert(ret);
 178
 179         for (;;) {
 180                 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
 181                 unsigned u;
 182
 183                 r = ask_string(&p, "%s %s (empty to skip, \"list\" to list options): ",
 184                                special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_TRIANGULAR_BULLET), text);
 185                 if (r < 0)
 186                         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to query user: %m");
 187
 188                 if (isempty(p)) {
 189                         log_warning("No data entered, skipping.");
 190                         return 0;
 191                 }
 192
 193                 if (streq(p, "list")) {
 194                         r = show_menu(l, 3, 22, percentage);
 195                         if (r < 0)
 196                                 return r;
 197
 198                         putchar('\n');
 199                         continue;
 200                 };
 201
 202                 r = safe_atou(p, &u);
 203                 if (r >= 0) {
 204                         if (u <= 0 || u > strv_length(l)) {
 205                                 log_error("Specified entry number out of range.");
 206                                 continue;
 207                         }
 208
 209                         log_info("Selected '%s'.", l[u-1]);
 210                         if (free_and_strdup(ret, l[u-1]) < 0)
 211                                 return log_oom();
 212
 213                         return 0;
 214                 }
 215
 216                 if (!is_valid(p)) {
 217                         log_error("Entered data invalid.");
 218                         continue;
 219                 }
 220
 221                 return free_and_replace(*ret, p);
 222         }
 223 }
 224
 225 static bool locale_is_ok(const char *name) {
 226
 227         if (arg_root)
 228                 return locale_is_valid(name);
 229
 230         return locale_is_installed(name) > 0;
 231 }
 232
 233 static int prompt_locale(void) {
 234         _cleanup_strv_free_ char **locales = NULL;
 235         int r;
 236
 237         if (arg_locale || arg_locale_messages)
 238                 return 0;
 239
 240         if (!arg_prompt_locale)
 241                 return 0;
 242
 243         r = get_locales(&locales);
 244         if (r < 0)
 245                 return log_error_errno(r, "Cannot query locales list: %m");
 246
 247         if (strv_isempty(locales))
 248                 log_debug("No locales found, skipping locale selection.");
 249         else if (strv_length(locales) == 1) {
 250
 251                 if (streq(locales[0], SYSTEMD_DEFAULT_LOCALE))
 252                         log_debug("Only installed locale is default locale anyway, not setting locale explicitly.");
 253                 else {
 254                         log_debug("Only a single locale available (%s), selecting it as default.", locales[0]);
 255
 256                         arg_locale = strdup(locales[0]);
 257                         if (!arg_locale)
 258                                 return log_oom();
 259
 260                         /* Not setting arg_locale_message here, since it defaults to LANG anyway */
 261                 }
 262         } else {
 263                 print_welcome();
 264
 265                 r = prompt_loop("Please enter system locale name or number",
 266                                 locales, 60, locale_is_ok, &arg_locale);
 267                 if (r < 0)
 268                         return r;
 269
 270                 if (isempty(arg_locale))
 271                         return 0;
 272
 273                 r = prompt_loop("Please enter system message locale name or number",
 274                                 locales, 60, locale_is_ok, &arg_locale_messages);
 275                 if (r < 0)
 276                         return r;
 277
 278                 /* Suppress the messages setting if it's the same as the main locale anyway */
 279                 if (streq_ptr(arg_locale, arg_locale_messages))
 280                         arg_locale_messages = mfree(arg_locale_messages);
 281         }
 282
 283         return 0;
 284 }
 285
 286 static int process_locale(void) {
 287         const char *etc_localeconf;
 288         char* locales[3];
 289         unsigned i = 0;
 290         int r;
 291
 292         etc_localeconf = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/locale.conf");
 293         if (laccess(etc_localeconf, F_OK) >= 0 && !arg_force)
 294                 return 0;
 295
 296         if (arg_copy_locale && arg_root) {
 297
 298                 (void) mkdir_parents(etc_localeconf, 0755);
 299                 r = copy_file("/etc/locale.conf", etc_localeconf, 0, 0644, 0, 0, COPY_REFLINK);
 300                 if (r != -ENOENT) {
 301                         if (r < 0)
 302                                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to copy %s: %m", etc_localeconf);
 303
 304                         log_info("%s copied.", etc_localeconf);
 305                         return 0;
 306                 }
 307         }
 308
 309         r = prompt_locale();
 310         if (r < 0)
 311                 return r;
 312
 313         if (!isempty(arg_locale))
 314                 locales[i++] = strjoina("LANG=", arg_locale);
 315         if (!isempty(arg_locale_messages) && !streq(arg_locale_messages, arg_locale))
 316                 locales[i++] = strjoina("LC_MESSAGES=", arg_locale_messages);
 317
 318         if (i == 0)
 319                 return 0;
 320
 321         locales[i] = NULL;
 322
 323         (void) mkdir_parents(etc_localeconf, 0755);
 324         r = write_env_file(etc_localeconf, locales);
 325         if (r < 0)
 326                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write %s: %m", etc_localeconf);
 327
 328         log_info("%s written.", etc_localeconf);
 329         return 0;
 330 }
 331
 332 static int prompt_keymap(void) {
 333         _cleanup_strv_free_ char **kmaps = NULL;
 334         int r;
 335
 336         if (arg_keymap)
 337                 return 0;
 338
 339         if (!arg_prompt_keymap)
 340                 return 0;
 341
 342         r = get_keymaps(&kmaps);
 343         if (r == -ENOENT) /* no keymaps installed */
 344                 return r;
 345         if (r < 0)
 346                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read keymaps: %m");
 347
 348         print_welcome();
 349
 350         return prompt_loop("Please enter system keymap name or number",
 351                            kmaps, 60, keymap_is_valid, &arg_keymap);
 352 }
 353
 354 static int process_keymap(void) {
 355         const char *etc_vconsoleconf;
 356         char **keymap;
 357         int r;
 358
 359         etc_vconsoleconf = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/vconsole.conf");
 360         if (laccess(etc_vconsoleconf, F_OK) >= 0 && !arg_force)
 361                 return 0;
 362
 363         if (arg_copy_keymap && arg_root) {
 364
 365                 (void) mkdir_parents(etc_vconsoleconf, 0755);
 366                 r = copy_file("/etc/vconsole.conf", etc_vconsoleconf, 0, 0644, 0, 0, COPY_REFLINK);
 367                 if (r != -ENOENT) {
 368                         if (r < 0)
 369                                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to copy %s: %m", etc_vconsoleconf);
 370
 371                         log_info("%s copied.", etc_vconsoleconf);
 372                         return 0;
 373                 }
 374         }
 375
 376         r = prompt_keymap();
 377         if (r == -ENOENT)
 378                 return 0; /* don't fail if no keymaps are installed */
 379         if (r < 0)
 380                 return r;
 381
 382         if (isempty(arg_keymap))
 383                 return 0;
 384
 385         keymap = STRV_MAKE(strjoina("KEYMAP=", arg_keymap));
 386
 387         r = mkdir_parents(etc_vconsoleconf, 0755);
 388         if (r < 0)
 389                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create the parent directory of %s: %m", etc_vconsoleconf);
 390
 391         r = write_env_file(etc_vconsoleconf, keymap);
 392         if (r < 0)
 393                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write %s: %m", etc_vconsoleconf);
 394
 395         log_info("%s written.", etc_vconsoleconf);
 396         return 0;
 397 }
 398
 399 static bool timezone_is_valid_log_error(const char *name) {
 400         return timezone_is_valid(name, LOG_ERR);
 401 }
 402
 403 static int prompt_timezone(void) {
 404         _cleanup_strv_free_ char **zones = NULL;
 405         int r;
 406
 407         if (arg_timezone)
 408                 return 0;
 409
 410         if (!arg_prompt_timezone)
 411                 return 0;
 412
 413         r = get_timezones(&zones);
 414         if (r < 0)
 415                 return log_error_errno(r, "Cannot query timezone list: %m");
 416
 417         print_welcome();
 418
 419         r = prompt_loop("Please enter timezone name or number",
 420                         zones, 30, timezone_is_valid_log_error, &arg_timezone);
 421         if (r < 0)
 422                 return r;
 423
 424         return 0;
 425 }
 426
 427 static int process_timezone(void) {
 428         const char *etc_localtime, *e;
 429         int r;
 430
 431         etc_localtime = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/localtime");
 432         if (laccess(etc_localtime, F_OK) >= 0 && !arg_force)
 433                 return 0;
 434
 435         if (arg_copy_timezone && arg_root) {
 436                 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
 437
 438                 r = readlink_malloc("/etc/localtime", &p);
 439                 if (r != -ENOENT) {
 440                         if (r < 0)
 441                                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read host timezone: %m");
 442
 443                         (void) mkdir_parents(etc_localtime, 0755);
 444                         if (symlink(p, etc_localtime) < 0)
 445                                 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create %s symlink: %m", etc_localtime);
 446
 447                         log_info("%s copied.", etc_localtime);
 448                         return 0;
 449                 }
 450         }
 451
 452         r = prompt_timezone();
 453         if (r < 0)
 454                 return r;
 455
 456         if (isempty(arg_timezone))
 457                 return 0;
 458
 459         e = strjoina("../usr/share/zoneinfo/", arg_timezone);
 460
 461         (void) mkdir_parents(etc_localtime, 0755);
 462         if (symlink(e, etc_localtime) < 0)
 463                 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create %s symlink: %m", etc_localtime);
 464
 465         log_info("%s written", etc_localtime);
 466         return 0;
 467 }
 468
 469 static int prompt_hostname(void) {
 470         int r;
 471
 472         if (arg_hostname)
 473                 return 0;
 474
 475         if (!arg_prompt_hostname)
 476                 return 0;
 477
 478         print_welcome();
 479         putchar('\n');
 480
 481         for (;;) {
 482                 _cleanup_free_ char *h = NULL;
 483
 484                 r = ask_string(&h, "%s Please enter hostname for new system (empty to skip): ", special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_TRIANGULAR_BULLET));
 485                 if (r < 0)
 486                         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to query hostname: %m");
 487
 488                 if (isempty(h)) {
 489                         log_warning("No hostname entered, skipping.");
 490                         break;
 491                 }
 492
 493                 if (!hostname_is_valid(h, true)) {
 494                         log_error("Specified hostname invalid.");
 495                         continue;
 496                 }
 497
 498                 /* Get rid of the trailing dot that we allow, but don't want to see */
 499                 arg_hostname = hostname_cleanup(h);
 500                 h = NULL;
 501                 break;
 502         }
 503
 504         return 0;
 505 }
 506
 507 static int process_hostname(void) {
 508         const char *etc_hostname;
 509         int r;
 510
 511         etc_hostname = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/hostname");
 512         if (laccess(etc_hostname, F_OK) >= 0 && !arg_force)
 513                 return 0;
 514
 515         r = prompt_hostname();
 516         if (r < 0)
 517                 return r;
 518
 519         if (isempty(arg_hostname))
 520                 return 0;
 521
 522         r = write_string_file(etc_hostname, arg_hostname,
 523                               WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE | WRITE_STRING_FILE_SYNC | WRITE_STRING_FILE_MKDIR_0755 |
 524                               (arg_force ? WRITE_STRING_FILE_ATOMIC : 0));
 525         if (r < 0)
 526                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write %s: %m", etc_hostname);
 527
 528         log_info("%s written.", etc_hostname);
 529         return 0;
 530 }
 531
 532 static int process_machine_id(void) {
 533         const char *etc_machine_id;
 534         char id[SD_ID128_STRING_MAX];
 535         int r;
 536
 537         etc_machine_id = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/machine-id");
 538         if (laccess(etc_machine_id, F_OK) >= 0 && !arg_force)
 539                 return 0;
 540
 541         if (sd_id128_is_null(arg_machine_id))
 542                 return 0;
 543
 544         r = write_string_file(etc_machine_id, sd_id128_to_string(arg_machine_id, id),
 545                               WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE | WRITE_STRING_FILE_SYNC | WRITE_STRING_FILE_MKDIR_0755 |
 546                               (arg_force ? WRITE_STRING_FILE_ATOMIC : 0));
 547         if (r < 0)
 548                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write machine id: %m");
 549
 550         log_info("%s written.", etc_machine_id);
 551         return 0;
 552 }
 553
 554 static int prompt_root_password(void) {
 555         const char *msg1, *msg2;
 556         int r;
 557
 558         if (arg_root_password)
 559                 return 0;
 560
 561         if (!arg_prompt_root_password)
 562                 return 0;
 563
 564         print_welcome();
 565         putchar('\n');
 566
 567         msg1 = strjoina(special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_TRIANGULAR_BULLET), " Please enter a new root password (empty to skip):");
 568         msg2 = strjoina(special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_TRIANGULAR_BULLET), " Please enter new root password again:");
 569
 570         for (;;) {
 571                 _cleanup_strv_free_erase_ char **a = NULL, **b = NULL;
 572
 573                 r = ask_password_tty(-1, msg1, NULL, 0, 0, NULL, &a);
 574                 if (r < 0)
 575                         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to query root password: %m");
 576                 if (strv_length(a) != 1)
 577                         return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
 578                                                "Received multiple passwords, where we expected one.");
 579
 580                 if (isempty(*a)) {
 581                         log_warning("No password entered, skipping.");
 582                         break;
 583                 }
 584
 585                 r = ask_password_tty(-1, msg2, NULL, 0, 0, NULL, &b);
 586                 if (r < 0)
 587                         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to query root password: %m");
 588                 if (strv_length(b) != 1)
 589                         return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
 590                                                "Received multiple passwords, where we expected one.");
 591
 592                 if (!streq(*a, *b)) {
 593                         log_error("Entered passwords did not match, please try again.");
 594                         continue;
 595                 }
 596
 597                 arg_root_password = TAKE_PTR(*a);
 598                 break;
 599         }
 600
 601         return 0;
 602 }
 603
 604 static int write_root_passwd(const char *passwd_path, const char *password) {
 605         _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *original = NULL, *passwd = NULL;
 606         _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *passwd_tmp = NULL;
 607         int r;
 608
 609         assert(password);
 610
 611         r = fopen_temporary_label("/etc/passwd", passwd_path, &passwd, &passwd_tmp);
 612         if (r < 0)
 613                 return r;
 614
 615         original = fopen(passwd_path, "re");
 616         if (original) {
 617                 struct passwd *i;
 618
 619                 r = sync_rights(fileno(original), fileno(passwd));
 620                 if (r < 0)
 621                         return r;
 622
 623                 while ((r = fgetpwent_sane(original, &i)) > 0) {
 624
 625                         if (streq(i->pw_name, "root"))
 626                                 i->pw_passwd = (char *) password;
 627
 628                         r = putpwent_sane(i, passwd);
 629                         if (r < 0)
 630                                 return r;
 631                 }
 632                 if (r < 0)
 633                         return r;
 634
 635         } else {
 636                 struct passwd root = {
 637                         .pw_name = (char *) "root",
 638                         .pw_passwd = (char *) password,
 639                         .pw_uid = 0,
 640                         .pw_gid = 0,
 641                         .pw_gecos = (char *) "Super User",
 642                         .pw_dir = (char *) "/root",
 643                         .pw_shell = (char *) "/bin/sh",
 644                 };
 645
 646                 if (errno != ENOENT)
 647                         return -errno;
 648
 649                 r = fchmod(fileno(passwd), 0000);
 650                 if (r < 0)
 651                         return -errno;
 652
 653                 r = putpwent_sane(&root, passwd);
 654                 if (r < 0)
 655                         return r;
 656         }
 657
 658         r = fflush_sync_and_check(passwd);
 659         if (r < 0)
 660                 return r;
 661
 662         r = rename_and_apply_smack_floor_label(passwd_tmp, passwd_path);
 663         if (r < 0)
 664                 return r;
 665
 666         return 0;
 667 }
 668
 669 static int write_root_shadow(const char *shadow_path, const char *hashed_password) {
 670         _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *original = NULL, *shadow = NULL;
 671         _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *shadow_tmp = NULL;
 672         int r;
 673
 674         assert(hashed_password);
 675
 676         r = fopen_temporary_label("/etc/shadow", shadow_path, &shadow, &shadow_tmp);
 677         if (r < 0)
 678                 return r;
 679
 680         original = fopen(shadow_path, "re");
 681         if (original) {
 682                 struct spwd *i;
 683
 684                 r = sync_rights(fileno(original), fileno(shadow));
 685                 if (r < 0)
 686                         return r;
 687
 688                 while ((r = fgetspent_sane(original, &i)) > 0) {
 689
 690                         if (streq(i->sp_namp, "root")) {
 691                                 i->sp_pwdp = (char *) hashed_password;
 692                                 i->sp_lstchg = (long) (now(CLOCK_REALTIME) / USEC_PER_DAY);
 693                         }
 694
 695                         r = putspent_sane(i, shadow);
 696                         if (r < 0)
 697                                 return r;
 698                 }
 699                 if (r < 0)
 700                         return r;
 701
 702         } else {
 703                 struct spwd root = {
 704                         .sp_namp = (char*) "root",
 705                         .sp_pwdp = (char *) hashed_password,
 706                         .sp_lstchg = (long) (now(CLOCK_REALTIME) / USEC_PER_DAY),
 707                         .sp_min = -1,
 708                         .sp_max = -1,
 709                         .sp_warn = -1,
 710                         .sp_inact = -1,
 711                         .sp_expire = -1,
 712                         .sp_flag = (unsigned long) -1, /* this appears to be what everybody does ... */
 713                 };
 714
 715                 if (errno != ENOENT)
 716                         return -errno;
 717
 718                 r = fchmod(fileno(shadow), 0000);
 719                 if (r < 0)
 720                         return -errno;
 721
 722                 r = putspent_sane(&root, shadow);
 723                 if (r < 0)
 724                         return r;
 725         }
 726
 727         r = fflush_sync_and_check(shadow);
 728         if (r < 0)
 729                 return r;
 730
 731         r = rename_and_apply_smack_floor_label(shadow_tmp, shadow_path);
 732         if (r < 0)
 733                 return r;
 734
 735         return 0;
 736 }
 737
 738 static int process_root_password(void) {
 739         _cleanup_close_ int lock = -1;
 740         struct crypt_data cd = {};
 741         const char *password, *hashed_password;
 742         const char *etc_passwd, *etc_shadow;
 743         int r;
 744
 745         etc_passwd = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/passwd");
 746         etc_shadow = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/shadow");
 747
 748         /* We only mess with passwd and shadow if both do not exist or --force is specified. These files are
 749          * tightly coupled and hence we make sure we have permission from the user to create/modify both
 750          * files. */
 751         if ((laccess(etc_passwd, F_OK) >= 0 || laccess(etc_shadow, F_OK) >= 0) && !arg_force)
 752                 return 0;
 753
 754         (void) mkdir_parents(etc_passwd, 0755);
 755
 756         lock = take_etc_passwd_lock(arg_root);
 757         if (lock < 0)
 758                 return log_error_errno(lock, "Failed to take a lock on %s: %m", etc_passwd);
 759
 760         if (arg_copy_root_password && arg_root) {
 761                 struct spwd *p;
 762
 763                 errno = 0;
 764                 p = getspnam("root");
 765                 if (!p)
 766                         return log_error_errno(errno_or_else(EIO), "Failed to find shadow entry for root: %m");
 767
 768                 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_root_password, p->sp_pwdp);
 769                 if (r < 0)
 770                         return log_oom();
 771
 772                 arg_root_password_is_hashed = true;
 773         }
 774
 775         r = prompt_root_password();
 776         if (r < 0)
 777                 return r;
 778
 779         if (arg_root_password && arg_root_password_is_hashed) {
 780                 password = "x";
 781                 hashed_password = arg_root_password;
 782         } else if (arg_root_password) {
 783                 _cleanup_free_ char *salt = NULL;
 784                 /* hashed_password points inside cd after crypt_r returns so cd has function scope. */
 785
 786                 password = "x";
 787
 788                 r = make_salt(&salt);
 789                 if (r < 0)
 790                         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get salt: %m");
 791
 792                 errno = 0;
 793                 hashed_password = crypt_r(arg_root_password, salt, &cd);
 794                 if (!hashed_password)
 795                         return log_error_errno(errno == 0 ? SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL) : errno,
 796                                         "Failed to encrypt password: %m");
 797         } else if (arg_delete_root_password)
 798                 password = hashed_password = "";
 799         else
 800                 password = hashed_password = "!";
 801
 802         r = write_root_passwd(etc_passwd, password);
 803         if (r < 0)
 804                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write %s: %m", etc_passwd);
 805
 806         log_info("%s written", etc_passwd);
 807
 808         r = write_root_shadow(etc_shadow, hashed_password);
 809         if (r < 0)
 810                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write %s: %m", etc_shadow);
 811
 812         log_info("%s written.", etc_shadow);
 813         return 0;
 814 }
 815
 816 static int process_kernel_cmdline(void) {
 817         const char *etc_kernel_cmdline;
 818         int r;
 819
 820         etc_kernel_cmdline = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/kernel/cmdline");
 821         if (laccess(etc_kernel_cmdline, F_OK) >= 0 && !arg_force)
 822                 return 0;
 823
 824         if (!arg_kernel_cmdline)
 825                 return 0;
 826
 827         r = write_string_file(etc_kernel_cmdline, arg_kernel_cmdline,
 828                               WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE | WRITE_STRING_FILE_SYNC | WRITE_STRING_FILE_MKDIR_0755 |
 829                               (arg_force ? WRITE_STRING_FILE_ATOMIC : 0));
 830         if (r < 0)
 831                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write %s: %m", etc_kernel_cmdline);
 832
 833         log_info("%s written.", etc_kernel_cmdline);
 834         return 0;
 835 }
 836
 837 static int setup_image(char **ret_mount_dir, LoopDevice **ret_loop_device, DecryptedImage **ret_decrypted_image) {
 838         DissectImageFlags f = DISSECT_IMAGE_REQUIRE_ROOT|DISSECT_IMAGE_VALIDATE_OS|DISSECT_IMAGE_RELAX_VAR_CHECK|DISSECT_IMAGE_FSCK;
 839         _cleanup_(loop_device_unrefp) LoopDevice *d = NULL;
 840         _cleanup_(decrypted_image_unrefp) DecryptedImage *decrypted_image = NULL;
 841         _cleanup_(dissected_image_unrefp) DissectedImage *dissected_image = NULL;
 842         _cleanup_(rmdir_and_freep) char *mount_dir = NULL;
 843         _cleanup_free_ char *temp = NULL;
 844         int r;
 845
 846         if (!arg_image) {
 847                 *ret_mount_dir = NULL;
 848                 *ret_decrypted_image = NULL;
 849                 *ret_loop_device = NULL;
 850                 return 0;
 851         }
 852
 853         assert(!arg_root);
 854
 855         r = tempfn_random_child(NULL, "firstboot", &temp);
 856         if (r < 0)
 857                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate temporary mount directory: %m");
 858
 859         r = loop_device_make_by_path(arg_image, O_RDWR, LO_FLAGS_PARTSCAN, &d);
 860         if (r < 0)
 861                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set up loopback device: %m");
 862
 863         r = dissect_image_and_warn(d->fd, arg_image, NULL, 0, NULL, f, &dissected_image);
 864         if (r < 0)
 865                 return r;
 866
 867         r = dissected_image_decrypt_interactively(dissected_image, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, f, &decrypted_image);
 868         if (r < 0)
 869                 return r;
 870
 871         r = detach_mount_namespace();
 872         if (r < 0)
 873                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to detach mount namespace: %m");
 874
 875         mount_dir = strdup(temp);
 876         if (!mount_dir)
 877                 return log_oom();
 878
 879         r = mkdir_p(mount_dir, 0700);
 880         if (r < 0) {
 881                 mount_dir = mfree(mount_dir);
 882                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create mount point: %m");
 883         }
 884
 885         r = dissected_image_mount(dissected_image, mount_dir, UID_INVALID, f);
 886         if (r < 0)
 887                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to mount image: %m");
 888
 889         if (decrypted_image) {
 890                 r = decrypted_image_relinquish(decrypted_image);
 891                 if (r < 0)
 892                         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to relinquish DM devices: %m");
 893         }
 894
 895         loop_device_relinquish(d);
 896
 897         arg_root = TAKE_PTR(temp);
 898
 899         *ret_mount_dir = TAKE_PTR(mount_dir);
 900         *ret_decrypted_image = TAKE_PTR(decrypted_image);
 901         *ret_loop_device = TAKE_PTR(d);
 902
 903         return 1;
 904 }
 905
 906 static int help(void) {
 907         _cleanup_free_ char *link = NULL;
 908         int r;
 909
 910         r = terminal_urlify_man("systemd-firstboot", "1", &link);
 911         if (r < 0)
 912                 return log_oom();
 913
 914         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
 915                "Configures basic settings of the system.\n\n"
 916                "  -h --help                                 Show this help\n"
 917                "     --version                              Show package version\n"
 918                "     --root=PATH                            Operate on an alternate filesystem root\n"
 919                "     --image=PATH                           Operate on an alternate filesystem image\n"
 920                "     --locale=LOCALE                        Set primary locale (LANG=)\n"
 921                "     --locale-messages=LOCALE               Set message locale (LC_MESSAGES=)\n"
 922                "     --keymap=KEYMAP                        Set keymap\n"
 923                "     --timezone=TIMEZONE                    Set timezone\n"
 924                "     --hostname=NAME                        Set hostname\n"
 925                "     --machine-ID=ID                        Set machine ID\n"
 926                "     --root-password=PASSWORD               Set root password from plaintext password\n"
 927                "     --root-password-file=FILE              Set root password from file\n"
 928                "     --root-password-hashed=HASHED_PASSWORD Set root password from hashed password\n"
 929                "     --prompt-locale                        Prompt the user for locale settings\n"
 930                "     --prompt-keymap                        Prompt the user for keymap settings\n"
 931                "     --prompt-timezone                      Prompt the user for timezone\n"
 932                "     --prompt-hostname                      Prompt the user for hostname\n"
 933                "     --prompt-root-password                 Prompt the user for root password\n"
 934                "     --prompt                               Prompt for all of the above\n"
 935                "     --copy-locale                          Copy locale from host\n"
 936                "     --copy-keymap                          Copy keymap from host\n"
 937                "     --copy-timezone                        Copy timezone from host\n"
 938                "     --copy-root-password                   Copy root password from host\n"
 939                "     --copy                                 Copy locale, keymap, timezone, root password\n"
 940                "     --setup-machine-id                     Generate a new random machine ID\n"
 941                "     --force                                Overwrite existing files\n"
 942                "     --delete-root-password                 Delete root password\n"
 943                "     --welcome=no                           Disable the welcome text\n"
 944                "\nSee the %s for details.\n"
 945                , program_invocation_short_name
 946                , link
 947         );
 948
 949         return 0;
 950 }
 951
 952 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 953
 954         enum {
 955                 ARG_VERSION = 0x100,
 956                 ARG_ROOT,
 957                 ARG_IMAGE,
 958                 ARG_LOCALE,
 959                 ARG_LOCALE_MESSAGES,
 960                 ARG_KEYMAP,
 961                 ARG_TIMEZONE,
 962                 ARG_HOSTNAME,
 963                 ARG_MACHINE_ID,
 964                 ARG_ROOT_PASSWORD,
 965                 ARG_ROOT_PASSWORD_FILE,
 966                 ARG_ROOT_PASSWORD_HASHED,
 967                 ARG_KERNEL_COMMAND_LINE,
 968                 ARG_PROMPT,
 969                 ARG_PROMPT_LOCALE,
 970                 ARG_PROMPT_KEYMAP,
 971                 ARG_PROMPT_TIMEZONE,
 972                 ARG_PROMPT_HOSTNAME,
 973                 ARG_PROMPT_ROOT_PASSWORD,
 974                 ARG_COPY,
 975                 ARG_COPY_LOCALE,
 976                 ARG_COPY_KEYMAP,
 977                 ARG_COPY_TIMEZONE,
 978                 ARG_COPY_ROOT_PASSWORD,
 979                 ARG_SETUP_MACHINE_ID,
 980                 ARG_FORCE,
 981                 ARG_DELETE_ROOT_PASSWORD,
 982                 ARG_WELCOME,
 983         };
 984
 985         static const struct option options[] = {
 986                 { "help",                    no_argument,       NULL, 'h'                         },
 987                 { "version",                 no_argument,       NULL, ARG_VERSION                 },
 988                 { "root",                    required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT                    },
 989                 { "image",                   required_argument, NULL, ARG_IMAGE                   },
 990                 { "locale",                  required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOCALE                  },
 991                 { "locale-messages",         required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOCALE_MESSAGES         },
 992                 { "keymap",                  required_argument, NULL, ARG_KEYMAP                  },
 993                 { "timezone",                required_argument, NULL, ARG_TIMEZONE                },
 994                 { "hostname",                required_argument, NULL, ARG_HOSTNAME                },
 995                 { "machine-id",              required_argument, NULL, ARG_MACHINE_ID              },
 996                 { "root-password",           required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT_PASSWORD           },
 997                 { "root-password-file",      required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT_PASSWORD_FILE      },
 998                 { "root-password-hashed",    required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT_PASSWORD_HASHED    },
 999                 { "kernel-command-line",     required_argument, NULL, ARG_KERNEL_COMMAND_LINE     },
1000                 { "prompt",                  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_PROMPT                  },
1001                 { "prompt-locale",           no_argument,       NULL, ARG_PROMPT_LOCALE           },
1002                 { "prompt-keymap",           no_argument,       NULL, ARG_PROMPT_KEYMAP           },
1003                 { "prompt-timezone",         no_argument,       NULL, ARG_PROMPT_TIMEZONE         },
1004                 { "prompt-hostname",         no_argument,       NULL, ARG_PROMPT_HOSTNAME         },
1005                 { "prompt-root-password",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_PROMPT_ROOT_PASSWORD    },
1006                 { "copy",                    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_COPY                    },
1007                 { "copy-locale",             no_argument,       NULL, ARG_COPY_LOCALE             },
1008                 { "copy-keymap",             no_argument,       NULL, ARG_COPY_KEYMAP             },
1009                 { "copy-timezone",           no_argument,       NULL, ARG_COPY_TIMEZONE           },
1010                 { "copy-root-password",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_COPY_ROOT_PASSWORD      },
1011                 { "setup-machine-id",        no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SETUP_MACHINE_ID        },
1012                 { "force",                   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FORCE                   },
1013                 { "delete-root-password",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_DELETE_ROOT_PASSWORD    },
1014                 { "welcome",                 required_argument, NULL, ARG_WELCOME                 },
1015                 {}
1016         };
1017
1018         int r, c;
1019
1020         assert(argc >= 0);
1021         assert(argv);
1022
1023         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "h", options, NULL)) >= 0)
1024
1025                 switch (c) {
1026
1027                 case 'h':
1028                         return help();
1029
1030                 case ARG_VERSION:
1031                         return version();
1032
1033                 case ARG_ROOT:
1034                         r = parse_path_argument_and_warn(optarg, true, &arg_root);
1035                         if (r < 0)
1036                                 return r;
1037                         break;
1038
1039                 case ARG_IMAGE:
1040                         r = parse_path_argument_and_warn(optarg, false, &arg_image);
1041                         if (r < 0)
1042                                 return r;
1043                         break;
1044
1045                 case ARG_LOCALE:
1046                         r = free_and_strdup(&arg_locale, optarg);
1047                         if (r < 0)
1048                                 return log_oom();
1049
1050                         break;
1051
1052                 case ARG_LOCALE_MESSAGES:
1053                         r = free_and_strdup(&arg_locale_messages, optarg);
1054                         if (r < 0)
1055                                 return log_oom();
1056
1057                         break;
1058
1059                 case ARG_KEYMAP:
1060                         if (!keymap_is_valid(optarg))
1061                                 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1062                                                        "Keymap %s is not valid.", optarg);
1063
1064                         r = free_and_strdup(&arg_keymap, optarg);
1065                         if (r < 0)
1066                                 return log_oom();
1067
1068                         break;
1069
1070                 case ARG_TIMEZONE:
1071                         if (!timezone_is_valid(optarg, LOG_ERR))
1072                                 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1073                                                        "Timezone %s is not valid.", optarg);
1074
1075                         r = free_and_strdup(&arg_timezone, optarg);
1076                         if (r < 0)
1077                                 return log_oom();
1078
1079                         break;
1080
1081                 case ARG_ROOT_PASSWORD:
1082                         r = free_and_strdup(&arg_root_password, optarg);
1083                         if (r < 0)
1084                                 return log_oom();
1085
1086                         arg_root_password_is_hashed = false;
1087                         break;
1088
1089                 case ARG_ROOT_PASSWORD_FILE:
1090                         arg_root_password = mfree(arg_root_password);
1091
1092                         r = read_one_line_file(optarg, &arg_root_password);
1093                         if (r < 0)
1094                                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read %s: %m", optarg);
1095
1096                         arg_root_password_is_hashed = false;
1097                         break;
1098
1099                 case ARG_ROOT_PASSWORD_HASHED:
1100                         r = free_and_strdup(&arg_root_password, optarg);
1101                         if (r < 0)
1102                                 return log_oom();
1103
1104                         arg_root_password_is_hashed = true;
1105                         break;
1106
1107                 case ARG_HOSTNAME:
1108                         if (!hostname_is_valid(optarg, true))
1109                                 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1110                                                        "Host name %s is not valid.", optarg);
1111
1112                         hostname_cleanup(optarg);
1113                         r = free_and_strdup(&arg_hostname, optarg);
1114                         if (r < 0)
1115                                 return log_oom();
1116
1117                         break;
1118
1119                 case ARG_MACHINE_ID:
1120                         if (sd_id128_from_string(optarg, &arg_machine_id) < 0)
1121                                 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1122                                                        "Failed to parse machine id %s.", optarg);
1123
1124                         break;
1125
1126                 case ARG_KERNEL_COMMAND_LINE:
1127                         r = free_and_strdup(&arg_kernel_cmdline, optarg);
1128                         if (r < 0)
1129                                 return log_oom();
1130
1131                         break;
1132
1133                 case ARG_PROMPT:
1134                         arg_prompt_locale = arg_prompt_keymap = arg_prompt_timezone = arg_prompt_hostname = arg_prompt_root_password = true;
1135                         break;
1136
1137                 case ARG_PROMPT_LOCALE:
1138                         arg_prompt_locale = true;
1139                         break;
1140
1141                 case ARG_PROMPT_KEYMAP:
1142                         arg_prompt_keymap = true;
1143                         break;
1144
1145                 case ARG_PROMPT_TIMEZONE:
1146                         arg_prompt_timezone = true;
1147                         break;
1148
1149                 case ARG_PROMPT_HOSTNAME:
1150                         arg_prompt_hostname = true;
1151                         break;
1152
1153                 case ARG_PROMPT_ROOT_PASSWORD:
1154                         arg_prompt_root_password = true;
1155                         break;
1156
1157                 case ARG_COPY:
1158                         arg_copy_locale = arg_copy_keymap = arg_copy_timezone = arg_copy_root_password = true;
1159                         break;
1160
1161                 case ARG_COPY_LOCALE:
1162                         arg_copy_locale = true;
1163                         break;
1164
1165                 case ARG_COPY_KEYMAP:
1166                         arg_copy_keymap = true;
1167                         break;
1168
1169                 case ARG_COPY_TIMEZONE:
1170                         arg_copy_timezone = true;
1171                         break;
1172
1173                 case ARG_COPY_ROOT_PASSWORD:
1174                         arg_copy_root_password = true;
1175                         break;
1176
1177                 case ARG_SETUP_MACHINE_ID:
1178                         r = sd_id128_randomize(&arg_machine_id);
1179                         if (r < 0)
1180                                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate randomized machine ID: %m");
1181
1182                         break;
1183
1184                 case ARG_FORCE:
1185                         arg_force = true;
1186                         break;
1187
1188                 case ARG_DELETE_ROOT_PASSWORD:
1189                         arg_delete_root_password = true;
1190                         break;
1191
1192                 case ARG_WELCOME:
1193                         r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1194                         if (r < 0)
1195                                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --welcome= argument: %s", optarg);
1196
1197                         arg_welcome = r;
1198                         break;
1199
1200                 case '?':
1201                         return -EINVAL;
1202
1203                 default:
1204                         assert_not_reached("Unhandled option");
1205                 }
1206
1207         /* We check if the specified locale strings are valid down here, so that we can take --root= into
1208          * account when looking for the locale files. */
1209
1210         if (arg_locale && !locale_is_ok(arg_locale))
1211                 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Locale %s is not installed.", arg_locale);
1212         if (arg_locale_messages && !locale_is_ok(arg_locale_messages))
1213                 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Locale %s is not installed.", arg_locale_messages);
1214
1215         if (arg_delete_root_password && (arg_copy_root_password || arg_root_password || arg_prompt_root_password))
1216                 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1217                                        "--delete-root-password cannot be combined with other root password options");
1218
1219         if (arg_image && arg_root)
1220                 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Please specify either --root= or --image=, the combination of both is not supported.");
1221
1222         return 1;
1223 }
1224
1225 static int run(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1226         _cleanup_(loop_device_unrefp) LoopDevice *loop_device = NULL;
1227         _cleanup_(decrypted_image_unrefp) DecryptedImage *decrypted_image = NULL;
1228         _cleanup_(umount_and_rmdir_and_freep) char *unlink_dir = NULL;
1229         int r;
1230
1231         r = parse_argv(argc, argv);
1232         if (r <= 0)
1233                 return r;
1234
1235         log_setup_service();
1236
1237         umask(0022);
1238
1239         if (!arg_root && !arg_image) {
1240                 bool enabled;
1241
1242                 /* If we are called without --root=/--image= let's honour the systemd.firstboot kernel
1243                  * command line option, because we are called to provision the host with basic settings (as
1244                  * opposed to some other file system tree/image) */
1245
1246                 r = proc_cmdline_get_bool("systemd.firstboot", &enabled);
1247                 if (r < 0)
1248                         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse systemd.firstboot= kernel command line argument, ignoring: %m");
1249                 if (r > 0 && !enabled)
1250                         return 0; /* disabled */
1251         }
1252
1253         r = setup_image(&unlink_dir, &loop_device, &decrypted_image);
1254         if (r < 0)
1255                 return r;
1256
1257         r = process_locale();
1258         if (r < 0)
1259                 return r;
1260
1261         r = process_keymap();
1262         if (r < 0)
1263                 return r;
1264
1265         r = process_timezone();
1266         if (r < 0)
1267                 return r;
1268
1269         r = process_hostname();
1270         if (r < 0)
1271                 return r;
1272
1273         r = process_machine_id();
1274         if (r < 0)
1275                 return r;
1276
1277         r = process_root_password();
1278         if (r < 0)
1279                 return r;
1280
1281         r = process_kernel_cmdline();
1282         if (r < 0)
1283                 return r;
1284
1285         return 0;
1286 }
1287
1288 DEFINE_MAIN_FUNCTION(run);