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nspawn: make use of openpt_allocate()
[thirdparty/systemd.git] / src / nspawn / nspawn.c
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ */
2
3 #if HAVE_BLKID
4 #include <blkid.h>
5 #endif
6 #include <errno.h>
7 #include <getopt.h>
8 #include <grp.h>
9 #include <linux/fs.h>
10 #include <linux/loop.h>
11 #include <pwd.h>
12 #include <sched.h>
13 #if HAVE_SELINUX
14 #include <selinux/selinux.h>
15 #endif
16 #include <signal.h>
17 #include <stdio.h>
18 #include <stdlib.h>
19 #include <string.h>
20 #include <sys/file.h>
21 #include <sys/personality.h>
22 #include <sys/prctl.h>
23 #include <sys/types.h>
24 #include <sys/wait.h>
25 #include <unistd.h>
26
27 #include "sd-bus.h"
28 #include "sd-daemon.h"
29 #include "sd-id128.h"
30
31 #include "alloc-util.h"
32 #include "barrier.h"
33 #include "base-filesystem.h"
34 #include "blkid-util.h"
35 #include "btrfs-util.h"
36 #include "bus-error.h"
37 #include "bus-util.h"
38 #include "cap-list.h"
39 #include "capability-util.h"
40 #include "cgroup-util.h"
41 #include "copy.h"
42 #include "cpu-set-util.h"
43 #include "dev-setup.h"
44 #include "dissect-image.h"
45 #include "env-util.h"
46 #include "fd-util.h"
47 #include "fdset.h"
48 #include "fileio.h"
49 #include "format-util.h"
50 #include "fs-util.h"
51 #include "gpt.h"
52 #include "hexdecoct.h"
53 #include "hostname-util.h"
54 #include "id128-util.h"
55 #include "log.h"
56 #include "loop-util.h"
57 #include "loopback-setup.h"
58 #include "machine-image.h"
59 #include "macro.h"
60 #include "main-func.h"
61 #include "missing.h"
62 #include "mkdir.h"
63 #include "mount-util.h"
64 #include "mountpoint-util.h"
65 #include "namespace-util.h"
66 #include "netlink-util.h"
67 #include "nspawn-cgroup.h"
68 #include "nspawn-def.h"
69 #include "nspawn-expose-ports.h"
70 #include "nspawn-mount.h"
71 #include "nspawn-network.h"
72 #include "nspawn-oci.h"
73 #include "nspawn-patch-uid.h"
74 #include "nspawn-register.h"
75 #include "nspawn-seccomp.h"
76 #include "nspawn-settings.h"
77 #include "nspawn-setuid.h"
78 #include "nspawn-stub-pid1.h"
79 #include "nulstr-util.h"
80 #include "os-util.h"
81 #include "pager.h"
82 #include "parse-util.h"
83 #include "path-util.h"
84 #include "pretty-print.h"
85 #include "process-util.h"
86 #include "ptyfwd.h"
87 #include "random-util.h"
88 #include "raw-clone.h"
89 #include "rlimit-util.h"
90 #include "rm-rf.h"
91 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
92 #include "seccomp-util.h"
93 #endif
94 #include "selinux-util.h"
95 #include "signal-util.h"
96 #include "socket-util.h"
97 #include "stat-util.h"
98 #include "stdio-util.h"
99 #include "string-table.h"
100 #include "string-util.h"
101 #include "strv.h"
102 #include "sysctl-util.h"
103 #include "terminal-util.h"
104 #include "tmpfile-util.h"
105 #include "umask-util.h"
106 #include "user-util.h"
107 #include "util.h"
108
109 #if HAVE_SPLIT_USR
110 #define STATIC_RESOLV_CONF "/lib/systemd/resolv.conf"
111 #else
112 #define STATIC_RESOLV_CONF "/usr/lib/systemd/resolv.conf"
113 #endif
114
115 /* nspawn is listening on the socket at the path in the constant nspawn_notify_socket_path
116 * nspawn_notify_socket_path is relative to the container
117 * the init process in the container pid can send messages to nspawn following the sd_notify(3) protocol */
118 #define NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH "/run/systemd/nspawn/notify"
119
120 #define EXIT_FORCE_RESTART 133
121
122 typedef enum ContainerStatus {
123 CONTAINER_TERMINATED,
124 CONTAINER_REBOOTED,
125 } ContainerStatus;
126
127 static char *arg_directory = NULL;
128 static char *arg_template = NULL;
129 static char *arg_chdir = NULL;
130 static char *arg_pivot_root_new = NULL;
131 static char *arg_pivot_root_old = NULL;
132 static char *arg_user = NULL;
133 static uid_t arg_uid = UID_INVALID;
134 static gid_t arg_gid = GID_INVALID;
135 static gid_t* arg_supplementary_gids = NULL;
136 static size_t arg_n_supplementary_gids = 0;
137 static sd_id128_t arg_uuid = {};
138 static char *arg_machine = NULL; /* The name used by the host to refer to this */
139 static char *arg_hostname = NULL; /* The name the payload sees by default */
140 static const char *arg_selinux_context = NULL;
141 static const char *arg_selinux_apifs_context = NULL;
142 static char *arg_slice = NULL;
143 static bool arg_private_network = false;
144 static bool arg_read_only = false;
145 static StartMode arg_start_mode = START_PID1;
146 static bool arg_ephemeral = false;
147 static LinkJournal arg_link_journal = LINK_AUTO;
148 static bool arg_link_journal_try = false;
149 static uint64_t arg_caps_retain =
150 (1ULL << CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL) |
151 (1ULL << CAP_AUDIT_WRITE) |
152 (1ULL << CAP_CHOWN) |
153 (1ULL << CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE) |
154 (1ULL << CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH) |
155 (1ULL << CAP_FOWNER) |
156 (1ULL << CAP_FSETID) |
157 (1ULL << CAP_IPC_OWNER) |
158 (1ULL << CAP_KILL) |
159 (1ULL << CAP_LEASE) |
160 (1ULL << CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE) |
161 (1ULL << CAP_MKNOD) |
162 (1ULL << CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE) |
163 (1ULL << CAP_NET_BROADCAST) |
164 (1ULL << CAP_NET_RAW) |
165 (1ULL << CAP_SETFCAP) |
166 (1ULL << CAP_SETGID) |
167 (1ULL << CAP_SETPCAP) |
168 (1ULL << CAP_SETUID) |
169 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_ADMIN) |
170 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_BOOT) |
171 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_CHROOT) |
172 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_NICE) |
173 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_PTRACE) |
174 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) |
175 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_TTY_CONFIG);
176 static CapabilityQuintet arg_full_capabilities = CAPABILITY_QUINTET_NULL;
177 static CustomMount *arg_custom_mounts = NULL;
178 static size_t arg_n_custom_mounts = 0;
179 static char **arg_setenv = NULL;
180 static bool arg_quiet = false;
181 static bool arg_register = true;
182 static bool arg_keep_unit = false;
183 static char **arg_network_interfaces = NULL;
184 static char **arg_network_macvlan = NULL;
185 static char **arg_network_ipvlan = NULL;
186 static bool arg_network_veth = false;
187 static char **arg_network_veth_extra = NULL;
188 static char *arg_network_bridge = NULL;
189 static char *arg_network_zone = NULL;
190 static char *arg_network_namespace_path = NULL;
191 static PagerFlags arg_pager_flags = 0;
192 static unsigned long arg_personality = PERSONALITY_INVALID;
193 static char *arg_image = NULL;
194 static char *arg_oci_bundle = NULL;
195 static VolatileMode arg_volatile_mode = VOLATILE_NO;
196 static ExposePort *arg_expose_ports = NULL;
197 static char **arg_property = NULL;
198 static sd_bus_message *arg_property_message = NULL;
199 static UserNamespaceMode arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_NO;
200 static uid_t arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID, arg_uid_range = 0x10000U;
201 static bool arg_userns_chown = false;
202 static int arg_kill_signal = 0;
203 static CGroupUnified arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN;
204 static SettingsMask arg_settings_mask = 0;
205 static int arg_settings_trusted = -1;
206 static char **arg_parameters = NULL;
207 static const char *arg_container_service_name = "systemd-nspawn";
208 static bool arg_notify_ready = false;
209 static bool arg_use_cgns = true;
210 static unsigned long arg_clone_ns_flags = CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_NEWPID|CLONE_NEWUTS;
211 static MountSettingsMask arg_mount_settings = MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO|MOUNT_APPLY_TMPFS_TMP;
212 static void *arg_root_hash = NULL;
213 static size_t arg_root_hash_size = 0;
214 static char **arg_syscall_whitelist = NULL;
215 static char **arg_syscall_blacklist = NULL;
216 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
217 static scmp_filter_ctx arg_seccomp = NULL;
218 #endif
219 static struct rlimit *arg_rlimit[_RLIMIT_MAX] = {};
220 static bool arg_no_new_privileges = false;
221 static int arg_oom_score_adjust = 0;
222 static bool arg_oom_score_adjust_set = false;
223 static CPUSet arg_cpu_set = {};
224 static ResolvConfMode arg_resolv_conf = RESOLV_CONF_AUTO;
225 static TimezoneMode arg_timezone = TIMEZONE_AUTO;
226 static unsigned arg_console_width = (unsigned) -1, arg_console_height = (unsigned) -1;
227 static DeviceNode* arg_extra_nodes = NULL;
228 static size_t arg_n_extra_nodes = 0;
229 static char **arg_sysctl = NULL;
230 static ConsoleMode arg_console_mode = _CONSOLE_MODE_INVALID;
231
232 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_directory, freep);
233 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_template, freep);
234 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_chdir, freep);
235 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_pivot_root_new, freep);
236 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_pivot_root_old, freep);
237 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_user, freep);
238 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_supplementary_gids, freep);
239 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_machine, freep);
240 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_hostname, freep);
241 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_slice, freep);
242 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_setenv, strv_freep);
243 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_interfaces, strv_freep);
244 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_macvlan, strv_freep);
245 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_ipvlan, strv_freep);
246 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_veth_extra, strv_freep);
247 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_bridge, freep);
248 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_zone, freep);
249 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_network_namespace_path, freep);
250 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_image, freep);
251 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_oci_bundle, freep);
252 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_property, strv_freep);
253 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_property_message, sd_bus_message_unrefp);
254 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_parameters, strv_freep);
255 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_root_hash, freep);
256 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_syscall_whitelist, strv_freep);
257 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_syscall_blacklist, strv_freep);
258 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
259 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_seccomp, seccomp_releasep);
260 #endif
261 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_cpu_set, cpu_set_reset);
262 STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_sysctl, strv_freep);
263
264 static int help(void) {
265 _cleanup_free_ char *link = NULL;
266 int r;
267
268 (void) pager_open(arg_pager_flags);
269
270 r = terminal_urlify_man("systemd-nspawn", "1", &link);
271 if (r < 0)
272 return log_oom();
273
274 printf("%1$s [OPTIONS...] [PATH] [ARGUMENTS...]\n\n"
275 "Spawn a command or OS in a light-weight container.\n\n"
276 " -h --help Show this help\n"
277 " --version Print version string\n"
278 " -q --quiet Do not show status information\n"
279 " --no-pager Do not pipe output into a pager\n"
280 " --settings=BOOLEAN Load additional settings from .nspawn file\n\n"
281 "%3$sImage:%4$s\n"
282 " -D --directory=PATH Root directory for the container\n"
283 " --template=PATH Initialize root directory from template directory,\n"
284 " if missing\n"
285 " -x --ephemeral Run container with snapshot of root directory, and\n"
286 " remove it after exit\n"
287 " -i --image=PATH Root file system disk image (or device node) for\n"
288 " the container\n"
289 " --oci-bundle=PATH OCI bundle directory\n"
290 " --read-only Mount the root directory read-only\n"
291 " --volatile[=MODE] Run the system in volatile mode\n"
292 " --root-hash=HASH Specify verity root hash for root disk image\n"
293 " --pivot-root=PATH[:PATH]\n"
294 " Pivot root to given directory in the container\n\n"
295 "%3$sExecution:%4$s\n"
296 " -a --as-pid2 Maintain a stub init as PID1, invoke binary as PID2\n"
297 " -b --boot Boot up full system (i.e. invoke init)\n"
298 " --chdir=PATH Set working directory in the container\n"
299 " -E --setenv=NAME=VALUE Pass an environment variable to PID 1\n"
300 " -u --user=USER Run the command under specified user or UID\n"
301 " --kill-signal=SIGNAL Select signal to use for shutting down PID 1\n"
302 " --notify-ready=BOOLEAN Receive notifications from the child init process\n\n"
303 "%3$sSystem Identity:%4$s\n"
304 " -M --machine=NAME Set the machine name for the container\n"
305 " --hostname=NAME Override the hostname for the container\n"
306 " --uuid=UUID Set a specific machine UUID for the container\n\n"
307 "%3$sProperties:%4$s\n"
308 " -S --slice=SLICE Place the container in the specified slice\n"
309 " --property=NAME=VALUE Set scope unit property\n"
310 " --register=BOOLEAN Register container as machine\n"
311 " --keep-unit Do not register a scope for the machine, reuse\n"
312 " the service unit nspawn is running in\n\n"
313 "%3$sUser Namespacing:%4$s\n"
314 " -U --private-users=pick Run within user namespace, autoselect UID/GID range\n"
315 " --private-users[=UIDBASE[:NUIDS]]\n"
316 " Similar, but with user configured UID/GID range\n"
317 " --private-users-chown Adjust OS tree ownership to private UID/GID range\n\n"
318 "%3$sNetworking:%4$s\n"
319 " --private-network Disable network in container\n"
320 " --network-interface=INTERFACE\n"
321 " Assign an existing network interface to the\n"
322 " container\n"
323 " --network-macvlan=INTERFACE\n"
324 " Create a macvlan network interface based on an\n"
325 " existing network interface to the container\n"
326 " --network-ipvlan=INTERFACE\n"
327 " Create a ipvlan network interface based on an\n"
328 " existing network interface to the container\n"
329 " -n --network-veth Add a virtual Ethernet connection between host\n"
330 " and container\n"
331 " --network-veth-extra=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
332 " Add an additional virtual Ethernet link between\n"
333 " host and container\n"
334 " --network-bridge=INTERFACE\n"
335 " Add a virtual Ethernet connection to the container\n"
336 " and attach it to an existing bridge on the host\n"
337 " --network-zone=NAME Similar, but attach the new interface to an\n"
338 " an automatically managed bridge interface\n"
339 " --network-namespace-path=PATH\n"
340 " Set network namespace to the one represented by\n"
341 " the specified kernel namespace file node\n"
342 " -p --port=[PROTOCOL:]HOSTPORT[:CONTAINERPORT]\n"
343 " Expose a container IP port on the host\n\n"
344 "%3$sSecurity:%4$s\n"
345 " --capability=CAP In addition to the default, retain specified\n"
346 " capability\n"
347 " --drop-capability=CAP Drop the specified capability from the default set\n"
348 " --no-new-privileges Set PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS flag for container payload\n"
349 " --system-call-filter=LIST|~LIST\n"
350 " Permit/prohibit specific system calls\n"
351 " -Z --selinux-context=SECLABEL\n"
352 " Set the SELinux security context to be used by\n"
353 " processes in the container\n"
354 " -L --selinux-apifs-context=SECLABEL\n"
355 " Set the SELinux security context to be used by\n"
356 " API/tmpfs file systems in the container\n\n"
357 "%3$sResources:%4$s\n"
358 " --rlimit=NAME=LIMIT Set a resource limit for the payload\n"
359 " --oom-score-adjust=VALUE\n"
360 " Adjust the OOM score value for the payload\n"
361 " --cpu-affinity=CPUS Adjust the CPU affinity of the container\n"
362 " --personality=ARCH Pick personality for this container\n\n"
363 "%3$sIntegration:%4$s\n"
364 " --resolv-conf=MODE Select mode of /etc/resolv.conf initialization\n"
365 " --timezone=MODE Select mode of /etc/localtime initialization\n"
366 " --link-journal=MODE Link up guest journal, one of no, auto, guest, \n"
367 " host, try-guest, try-host\n"
368 " -j Equivalent to --link-journal=try-guest\n\n"
369 "%3$sMounts:%4$s\n"
370 " --bind=PATH[:PATH[:OPTIONS]]\n"
371 " Bind mount a file or directory from the host into\n"
372 " the container\n"
373 " --bind-ro=PATH[:PATH[:OPTIONS]\n"
374 " Similar, but creates a read-only bind mount\n"
375 " --inaccessible=PATH Over-mount file node with inaccessible node to mask\n"
376 " it\n"
377 " --tmpfs=PATH:[OPTIONS] Mount an empty tmpfs to the specified directory\n"
378 " --overlay=PATH[:PATH...]:PATH\n"
379 " Create an overlay mount from the host to \n"
380 " the container\n"
381 " --overlay-ro=PATH[:PATH...]:PATH\n"
382 " Similar, but creates a read-only overlay mount\n\n"
383 "%3$sInput/Output:%4$s\n"
384 " --console=MODE Select how stdin/stdout/stderr and /dev/console are\n"
385 " set up for the container.\n"
386 " -P --pipe Equivalent to --console=pipe\n"
387 "\nSee the %2$s for details.\n"
388 , program_invocation_short_name
389 , link
390 , ansi_underline(), ansi_normal());
391
392 return 0;
393 }
394
395 static int custom_mount_check_all(void) {
396 size_t i;
397
398 for (i = 0; i < arg_n_custom_mounts; i++) {
399 CustomMount *m = &arg_custom_mounts[i];
400
401 if (path_equal(m->destination, "/") && arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
402 if (arg_userns_chown)
403 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
404 "--private-users-chown may not be combined with custom root mounts.");
405 else if (arg_uid_shift == UID_INVALID)
406 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
407 "--private-users with automatic UID shift may not be combined with custom root mounts.");
408 }
409 }
410
411 return 0;
412 }
413
414 static int detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment(void) {
415 const char *e;
416 int r;
417
418 /* Allow the user to control whether the unified hierarchy is used */
419 e = getenv("UNIFIED_CGROUP_HIERARCHY");
420 if (e) {
421 r = parse_boolean(e);
422 if (r < 0)
423 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse $UNIFIED_CGROUP_HIERARCHY.");
424 if (r > 0)
425 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL;
426 else
427 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
428 }
429
430 return 0;
431 }
432
433 static int detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_image(const char *directory) {
434 int r;
435
436 /* Let's inherit the mode to use from the host system, but let's take into consideration what systemd in the
437 * image actually supports. */
438 r = cg_all_unified();
439 if (r < 0)
440 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether we are in all unified mode.");
441 if (r > 0) {
442 /* Unified cgroup hierarchy support was added in 230. Unfortunately the detection
443 * routine only detects 231, so we'll have a false negative here for 230. */
444 r = systemd_installation_has_version(directory, 230);
445 if (r < 0)
446 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine systemd version in container: %m");
447 if (r > 0)
448 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL;
449 else
450 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
451 } else if (cg_unified_controller(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER) > 0) {
452 /* Mixed cgroup hierarchy support was added in 233 */
453 r = systemd_installation_has_version(directory, 233);
454 if (r < 0)
455 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine systemd version in container: %m");
456 if (r > 0)
457 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD;
458 else
459 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
460 } else
461 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy = CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE;
462
463 log_debug("Using %s hierarchy for container.",
464 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE ? "legacy" :
465 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD ? "hybrid" : "unified");
466
467 return 0;
468 }
469
470 static void parse_share_ns_env(const char *name, unsigned long ns_flag) {
471 int r;
472
473 r = getenv_bool(name);
474 if (r == -ENXIO)
475 return;
476 if (r < 0)
477 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to parse %s from environment, defaulting to false.", name);
478
479 arg_clone_ns_flags = (arg_clone_ns_flags & ~ns_flag) | (r > 0 ? 0 : ns_flag);
480 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CLONE_NS_FLAGS;
481 }
482
483 static void parse_mount_settings_env(void) {
484 const char *e;
485 int r;
486
487 r = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_TMPFS_TMP");
488 if (r >= 0)
489 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings, MOUNT_APPLY_TMPFS_TMP, r > 0);
490 else if (r != -ENXIO)
491 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_TMPFS_TMP, ignoring: %m");
492
493 e = getenv("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_API_VFS_WRITABLE");
494 if (!e)
495 return;
496
497 if (streq(e, "network")) {
498 arg_mount_settings |= MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO|MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS;
499 return;
500 }
501
502 r = parse_boolean(e);
503 if (r < 0) {
504 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to parse SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_API_VFS_WRITABLE from environment, ignoring.");
505 return;
506 }
507
508 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings, MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO, r == 0);
509 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings, MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS, false);
510 }
511
512 static void parse_environment(void) {
513 const char *e;
514 int r;
515
516 parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_IPC", CLONE_NEWIPC);
517 parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_PID", CLONE_NEWPID);
518 parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_UTS", CLONE_NEWUTS);
519 parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_SYSTEM", CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_NEWPID|CLONE_NEWUTS);
520
521 parse_mount_settings_env();
522
523 /* SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS=0 can be used to disable CLONE_NEWCGROUP use,
524 * even if it is supported. If not supported, it has no effect. */
525 if (!cg_ns_supported())
526 arg_use_cgns = false;
527 else {
528 r = getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS");
529 if (r < 0) {
530 if (r != -ENXIO)
531 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to parse $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS, ignoring: %m");
532
533 arg_use_cgns = true;
534 } else {
535 arg_use_cgns = r > 0;
536 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USE_CGNS;
537 }
538 }
539
540 e = getenv("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_CONTAINER_SERVICE");
541 if (e)
542 arg_container_service_name = e;
543
544 detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment();
545 }
546
547 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
548 enum {
549 ARG_VERSION = 0x100,
550 ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK,
551 ARG_UUID,
552 ARG_READ_ONLY,
553 ARG_CAPABILITY,
554 ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY,
555 ARG_LINK_JOURNAL,
556 ARG_BIND,
557 ARG_BIND_RO,
558 ARG_TMPFS,
559 ARG_OVERLAY,
560 ARG_OVERLAY_RO,
561 ARG_INACCESSIBLE,
562 ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM,
563 ARG_REGISTER,
564 ARG_KEEP_UNIT,
565 ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE,
566 ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN,
567 ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN,
568 ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE,
569 ARG_NETWORK_ZONE,
570 ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA,
571 ARG_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_PATH,
572 ARG_PERSONALITY,
573 ARG_VOLATILE,
574 ARG_TEMPLATE,
575 ARG_PROPERTY,
576 ARG_PRIVATE_USERS,
577 ARG_KILL_SIGNAL,
578 ARG_SETTINGS,
579 ARG_CHDIR,
580 ARG_PIVOT_ROOT,
581 ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN,
582 ARG_NOTIFY_READY,
583 ARG_ROOT_HASH,
584 ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER,
585 ARG_RLIMIT,
586 ARG_HOSTNAME,
587 ARG_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES,
588 ARG_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST,
589 ARG_CPU_AFFINITY,
590 ARG_RESOLV_CONF,
591 ARG_TIMEZONE,
592 ARG_CONSOLE,
593 ARG_PIPE,
594 ARG_OCI_BUNDLE,
595 ARG_NO_PAGER,
596 };
597
598 static const struct option options[] = {
599 { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
600 { "version", no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERSION },
601 { "directory", required_argument, NULL, 'D' },
602 { "template", required_argument, NULL, ARG_TEMPLATE },
603 { "ephemeral", no_argument, NULL, 'x' },
604 { "user", required_argument, NULL, 'u' },
605 { "private-network", no_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK },
606 { "as-pid2", no_argument, NULL, 'a' },
607 { "boot", no_argument, NULL, 'b' },
608 { "uuid", required_argument, NULL, ARG_UUID },
609 { "read-only", no_argument, NULL, ARG_READ_ONLY },
610 { "capability", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CAPABILITY },
611 { "drop-capability", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY },
612 { "no-new-privileges", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES },
613 { "link-journal", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LINK_JOURNAL },
614 { "bind", required_argument, NULL, ARG_BIND },
615 { "bind-ro", required_argument, NULL, ARG_BIND_RO },
616 { "tmpfs", required_argument, NULL, ARG_TMPFS },
617 { "overlay", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OVERLAY },
618 { "overlay-ro", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OVERLAY_RO },
619 { "inaccessible", required_argument, NULL, ARG_INACCESSIBLE },
620 { "machine", required_argument, NULL, 'M' },
621 { "hostname", required_argument, NULL, ARG_HOSTNAME },
622 { "slice", required_argument, NULL, 'S' },
623 { "setenv", required_argument, NULL, 'E' },
624 { "selinux-context", required_argument, NULL, 'Z' },
625 { "selinux-apifs-context", required_argument, NULL, 'L' },
626 { "quiet", no_argument, NULL, 'q' },
627 { "share-system", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM }, /* not documented */
628 { "register", required_argument, NULL, ARG_REGISTER },
629 { "keep-unit", no_argument, NULL, ARG_KEEP_UNIT },
630 { "network-interface", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE },
631 { "network-macvlan", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN },
632 { "network-ipvlan", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN },
633 { "network-veth", no_argument, NULL, 'n' },
634 { "network-veth-extra", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA },
635 { "network-bridge", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE },
636 { "network-zone", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_ZONE },
637 { "network-namespace-path", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_PATH },
638 { "personality", required_argument, NULL, ARG_PERSONALITY },
639 { "image", required_argument, NULL, 'i' },
640 { "volatile", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_VOLATILE },
641 { "port", required_argument, NULL, 'p' },
642 { "property", required_argument, NULL, ARG_PROPERTY },
643 { "private-users", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS },
644 { "private-users-chown", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN },
645 { "kill-signal", required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_SIGNAL },
646 { "settings", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SETTINGS },
647 { "chdir", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CHDIR },
648 { "pivot-root", required_argument, NULL, ARG_PIVOT_ROOT },
649 { "notify-ready", required_argument, NULL, ARG_NOTIFY_READY },
650 { "root-hash", required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT_HASH },
651 { "system-call-filter", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER },
652 { "rlimit", required_argument, NULL, ARG_RLIMIT },
653 { "oom-score-adjust", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST },
654 { "cpu-affinity", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CPU_AFFINITY },
655 { "resolv-conf", required_argument, NULL, ARG_RESOLV_CONF },
656 { "timezone", required_argument, NULL, ARG_TIMEZONE },
657 { "console", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CONSOLE },
658 { "pipe", no_argument, NULL, ARG_PIPE },
659 { "oci-bundle", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OCI_BUNDLE },
660 { "no-pager", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER },
661 {}
662 };
663
664 int c, r;
665 const char *p;
666 uint64_t plus = 0, minus = 0;
667 bool mask_all_settings = false, mask_no_settings = false;
668
669 assert(argc >= 0);
670 assert(argv);
671
672 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "+hD:u:abL:M:jS:Z:qi:xp:nUE:P", options, NULL)) >= 0)
673 switch (c) {
674
675 case 'h':
676 return help();
677
678 case ARG_VERSION:
679 return version();
680
681 case 'D':
682 r = parse_path_argument_and_warn(optarg, false, &arg_directory);
683 if (r < 0)
684 return r;
685
686 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_DIRECTORY;
687 break;
688
689 case ARG_TEMPLATE:
690 r = parse_path_argument_and_warn(optarg, false, &arg_template);
691 if (r < 0)
692 return r;
693
694 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_DIRECTORY;
695 break;
696
697 case 'i':
698 r = parse_path_argument_and_warn(optarg, false, &arg_image);
699 if (r < 0)
700 return r;
701
702 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_DIRECTORY;
703 break;
704
705 case ARG_OCI_BUNDLE:
706 r = parse_path_argument_and_warn(optarg, false, &arg_oci_bundle);
707 if (r < 0)
708 return r;
709
710 break;
711
712 case 'x':
713 arg_ephemeral = true;
714 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_EPHEMERAL;
715 break;
716
717 case 'u':
718 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_user, optarg);
719 if (r < 0)
720 return log_oom();
721
722 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USER;
723 break;
724
725 case ARG_NETWORK_ZONE: {
726 char *j;
727
728 j = strappend("vz-", optarg);
729 if (!j)
730 return log_oom();
731
732 if (!ifname_valid(j)) {
733 log_error("Network zone name not valid: %s", j);
734 free(j);
735 return -EINVAL;
736 }
737
738 free_and_replace(arg_network_zone, j);
739
740 arg_network_veth = true;
741 arg_private_network = true;
742 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
743 break;
744 }
745
746 case ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE:
747
748 if (!ifname_valid(optarg))
749 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
750 "Bridge interface name not valid: %s", optarg);
751
752 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_network_bridge, optarg);
753 if (r < 0)
754 return log_oom();
755
756 _fallthrough_;
757 case 'n':
758 arg_network_veth = true;
759 arg_private_network = true;
760 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
761 break;
762
763 case ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA:
764 r = veth_extra_parse(&arg_network_veth_extra, optarg);
765 if (r < 0)
766 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --network-veth-extra= parameter: %s", optarg);
767
768 arg_private_network = true;
769 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
770 break;
771
772 case ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE:
773 if (!ifname_valid(optarg))
774 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
775 "Network interface name not valid: %s", optarg);
776
777 if (strv_extend(&arg_network_interfaces, optarg) < 0)
778 return log_oom();
779
780 arg_private_network = true;
781 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
782 break;
783
784 case ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN:
785
786 if (!ifname_valid(optarg))
787 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
788 "MACVLAN network interface name not valid: %s", optarg);
789
790 if (strv_extend(&arg_network_macvlan, optarg) < 0)
791 return log_oom();
792
793 arg_private_network = true;
794 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
795 break;
796
797 case ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN:
798
799 if (!ifname_valid(optarg))
800 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
801 "IPVLAN network interface name not valid: %s", optarg);
802
803 if (strv_extend(&arg_network_ipvlan, optarg) < 0)
804 return log_oom();
805
806 _fallthrough_;
807 case ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK:
808 arg_private_network = true;
809 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
810 break;
811
812 case ARG_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_PATH:
813 r = parse_path_argument_and_warn(optarg, false, &arg_network_namespace_path);
814 if (r < 0)
815 return r;
816
817 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NETWORK;
818 break;
819
820 case 'b':
821 if (arg_start_mode == START_PID2)
822 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
823 "--boot and --as-pid2 may not be combined.");
824
825 arg_start_mode = START_BOOT;
826 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_START_MODE;
827 break;
828
829 case 'a':
830 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT)
831 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
832 "--boot and --as-pid2 may not be combined.");
833
834 arg_start_mode = START_PID2;
835 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_START_MODE;
836 break;
837
838 case ARG_UUID:
839 r = sd_id128_from_string(optarg, &arg_uuid);
840 if (r < 0)
841 return log_error_errno(r, "Invalid UUID: %s", optarg);
842
843 if (sd_id128_is_null(arg_uuid))
844 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
845 "Machine UUID may not be all zeroes.");
846
847 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_MACHINE_ID;
848 break;
849
850 case 'S':
851 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_slice, optarg);
852 if (r < 0)
853 return log_oom();
854
855 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_SLICE;
856 break;
857
858 case 'M':
859 if (isempty(optarg))
860 arg_machine = mfree(arg_machine);
861 else {
862 if (!machine_name_is_valid(optarg))
863 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
864 "Invalid machine name: %s", optarg);
865
866 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_machine, optarg);
867 if (r < 0)
868 return log_oom();
869 }
870 break;
871
872 case ARG_HOSTNAME:
873 if (isempty(optarg))
874 arg_hostname = mfree(arg_hostname);
875 else {
876 if (!hostname_is_valid(optarg, false))
877 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
878 "Invalid hostname: %s", optarg);
879
880 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_hostname, optarg);
881 if (r < 0)
882 return log_oom();
883 }
884
885 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_HOSTNAME;
886 break;
887
888 case 'Z':
889 arg_selinux_context = optarg;
890 break;
891
892 case 'L':
893 arg_selinux_apifs_context = optarg;
894 break;
895
896 case ARG_READ_ONLY:
897 arg_read_only = true;
898 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_READ_ONLY;
899 break;
900
901 case ARG_CAPABILITY:
902 case ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY: {
903 p = optarg;
904 for (;;) {
905 _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL;
906
907 r = extract_first_word(&p, &t, ",", 0);
908 if (r < 0)
909 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse capability %s.", t);
910 if (r == 0)
911 break;
912
913 if (streq(t, "all")) {
914 if (c == ARG_CAPABILITY)
915 plus = (uint64_t) -1;
916 else
917 minus = (uint64_t) -1;
918 } else {
919 r = capability_from_name(t);
920 if (r < 0)
921 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse capability %s.", t);
922
923 if (c == ARG_CAPABILITY)
924 plus |= 1ULL << r;
925 else
926 minus |= 1ULL << r;
927 }
928 }
929
930 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CAPABILITY;
931 break;
932 }
933
934 case ARG_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES:
935 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
936 if (r < 0)
937 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --no-new-privileges= argument: %s", optarg);
938
939 arg_no_new_privileges = r;
940 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES;
941 break;
942
943 case 'j':
944 arg_link_journal = LINK_GUEST;
945 arg_link_journal_try = true;
946 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_LINK_JOURNAL;
947 break;
948
949 case ARG_LINK_JOURNAL:
950 r = parse_link_journal(optarg, &arg_link_journal, &arg_link_journal_try);
951 if (r < 0)
952 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse link journal mode %s", optarg);
953
954 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_LINK_JOURNAL;
955 break;
956
957 case ARG_BIND:
958 case ARG_BIND_RO:
959 r = bind_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg, c == ARG_BIND_RO);
960 if (r < 0)
961 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --bind(-ro)= argument %s: %m", optarg);
962
963 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
964 break;
965
966 case ARG_TMPFS:
967 r = tmpfs_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg);
968 if (r < 0)
969 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --tmpfs= argument %s: %m", optarg);
970
971 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
972 break;
973
974 case ARG_OVERLAY:
975 case ARG_OVERLAY_RO:
976 r = overlay_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg, c == ARG_OVERLAY_RO);
977 if (r == -EADDRNOTAVAIL)
978 return log_error_errno(r, "--overlay(-ro)= needs at least two colon-separated directories specified.");
979 if (r < 0)
980 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --overlay(-ro)= argument %s: %m", optarg);
981
982 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
983 break;
984
985 case ARG_INACCESSIBLE:
986 r = inaccessible_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts, &arg_n_custom_mounts, optarg);
987 if (r < 0)
988 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --inaccessible= argument %s: %m", optarg);
989
990 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS;
991 break;
992
993 case 'E': {
994 char **n;
995
996 if (!env_assignment_is_valid(optarg))
997 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
998 "Environment variable assignment '%s' is not valid.", optarg);
999
1000 n = strv_env_set(arg_setenv, optarg);
1001 if (!n)
1002 return log_oom();
1003
1004 strv_free_and_replace(arg_setenv, n);
1005 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_ENVIRONMENT;
1006 break;
1007 }
1008
1009 case 'q':
1010 arg_quiet = true;
1011 break;
1012
1013 case ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM:
1014 /* We don't officially support this anymore, except for compat reasons. People should use the
1015 * $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_* environment variables instead. */
1016 log_warning("Please do not use --share-system anymore, use $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_* instead.");
1017 arg_clone_ns_flags = 0;
1018 break;
1019
1020 case ARG_REGISTER:
1021 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1022 if (r < 0) {
1023 log_error("Failed to parse --register= argument: %s", optarg);
1024 return r;
1025 }
1026
1027 arg_register = r;
1028 break;
1029
1030 case ARG_KEEP_UNIT:
1031 arg_keep_unit = true;
1032 break;
1033
1034 case ARG_PERSONALITY:
1035
1036 arg_personality = personality_from_string(optarg);
1037 if (arg_personality == PERSONALITY_INVALID)
1038 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1039 "Unknown or unsupported personality '%s'.", optarg);
1040
1041 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_PERSONALITY;
1042 break;
1043
1044 case ARG_VOLATILE:
1045
1046 if (!optarg)
1047 arg_volatile_mode = VOLATILE_YES;
1048 else if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1049 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(volatile_mode, VolatileMode, _VOLATILE_MODE_MAX);
1050 return 0;
1051 } else {
1052 VolatileMode m;
1053
1054 m = volatile_mode_from_string(optarg);
1055 if (m < 0)
1056 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1057 "Failed to parse --volatile= argument: %s", optarg);
1058 else
1059 arg_volatile_mode = m;
1060 }
1061
1062 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_VOLATILE_MODE;
1063 break;
1064
1065 case 'p':
1066 r = expose_port_parse(&arg_expose_ports, optarg);
1067 if (r == -EEXIST)
1068 return log_error_errno(r, "Duplicate port specification: %s", optarg);
1069 if (r < 0)
1070 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse host port %s: %m", optarg);
1071
1072 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_EXPOSE_PORTS;
1073 break;
1074
1075 case ARG_PROPERTY:
1076 if (strv_extend(&arg_property, optarg) < 0)
1077 return log_oom();
1078
1079 break;
1080
1081 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS: {
1082 int boolean = -1;
1083
1084 if (!optarg)
1085 boolean = true;
1086 else if (!in_charset(optarg, DIGITS))
1087 /* do *not* parse numbers as booleans */
1088 boolean = parse_boolean(optarg);
1089
1090 if (boolean == false) {
1091 /* no: User namespacing off */
1092 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_NO;
1093 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1094 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1095 } else if (boolean == true) {
1096 /* yes: User namespacing on, UID range is read from root dir */
1097 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED;
1098 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1099 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1100 } else if (streq(optarg, "pick")) {
1101 /* pick: User namespacing on, UID range is picked randomly */
1102 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_PICK;
1103 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1104 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1105 } else {
1106 _cleanup_free_ char *buffer = NULL;
1107 const char *range, *shift;
1108
1109 /* anything else: User namespacing on, UID range is explicitly configured */
1110
1111 range = strchr(optarg, ':');
1112 if (range) {
1113 buffer = strndup(optarg, range - optarg);
1114 if (!buffer)
1115 return log_oom();
1116 shift = buffer;
1117
1118 range++;
1119 r = safe_atou32(range, &arg_uid_range);
1120 if (r < 0)
1121 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse UID range \"%s\": %m", range);
1122 } else
1123 shift = optarg;
1124
1125 r = parse_uid(shift, &arg_uid_shift);
1126 if (r < 0)
1127 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse UID \"%s\": %m", optarg);
1128
1129 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED;
1130 }
1131
1132 if (arg_uid_range <= 0)
1133 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1134 "UID range cannot be 0.");
1135
1136 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
1137 break;
1138 }
1139
1140 case 'U':
1141 if (userns_supported()) {
1142 arg_userns_mode = USER_NAMESPACE_PICK;
1143 arg_uid_shift = UID_INVALID;
1144 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
1145
1146 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
1147 }
1148
1149 break;
1150
1151 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN:
1152 arg_userns_chown = true;
1153
1154 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_USERNS;
1155 break;
1156
1157 case ARG_KILL_SIGNAL:
1158 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1159 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(signal, int, _NSIG);
1160 return 0;
1161 }
1162
1163 arg_kill_signal = signal_from_string(optarg);
1164 if (arg_kill_signal < 0)
1165 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1166 "Cannot parse signal: %s", optarg);
1167
1168 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_KILL_SIGNAL;
1169 break;
1170
1171 case ARG_SETTINGS:
1172
1173 /* no → do not read files
1174 * yes → read files, do not override cmdline, trust only subset
1175 * override → read files, override cmdline, trust only subset
1176 * trusted → read files, do not override cmdline, trust all
1177 */
1178
1179 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1180 if (r < 0) {
1181 if (streq(optarg, "trusted")) {
1182 mask_all_settings = false;
1183 mask_no_settings = false;
1184 arg_settings_trusted = true;
1185
1186 } else if (streq(optarg, "override")) {
1187 mask_all_settings = false;
1188 mask_no_settings = true;
1189 arg_settings_trusted = -1;
1190 } else
1191 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --settings= argument: %s", optarg);
1192 } else if (r > 0) {
1193 /* yes */
1194 mask_all_settings = false;
1195 mask_no_settings = false;
1196 arg_settings_trusted = -1;
1197 } else {
1198 /* no */
1199 mask_all_settings = true;
1200 mask_no_settings = false;
1201 arg_settings_trusted = false;
1202 }
1203
1204 break;
1205
1206 case ARG_CHDIR:
1207 if (!path_is_absolute(optarg))
1208 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1209 "Working directory %s is not an absolute path.", optarg);
1210
1211 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_chdir, optarg);
1212 if (r < 0)
1213 return log_oom();
1214
1215 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_WORKING_DIRECTORY;
1216 break;
1217
1218 case ARG_PIVOT_ROOT:
1219 r = pivot_root_parse(&arg_pivot_root_new, &arg_pivot_root_old, optarg);
1220 if (r < 0)
1221 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --pivot-root= argument %s: %m", optarg);
1222
1223 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_PIVOT_ROOT;
1224 break;
1225
1226 case ARG_NOTIFY_READY:
1227 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
1228 if (r < 0)
1229 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1230 "%s is not a valid notify mode. Valid modes are: yes, no, and ready.", optarg);
1231 arg_notify_ready = r;
1232 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_NOTIFY_READY;
1233 break;
1234
1235 case ARG_ROOT_HASH: {
1236 void *k;
1237 size_t l;
1238
1239 r = unhexmem(optarg, strlen(optarg), &k, &l);
1240 if (r < 0)
1241 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse root hash: %s", optarg);
1242 if (l < sizeof(sd_id128_t)) {
1243 free(k);
1244 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Root hash must be at least 128bit long: %s", optarg);
1245 }
1246
1247 free(arg_root_hash);
1248 arg_root_hash = k;
1249 arg_root_hash_size = l;
1250 break;
1251 }
1252
1253 case ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER: {
1254 bool negative;
1255 const char *items;
1256
1257 negative = optarg[0] == '~';
1258 items = negative ? optarg + 1 : optarg;
1259
1260 for (;;) {
1261 _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL;
1262
1263 r = extract_first_word(&items, &word, NULL, 0);
1264 if (r == 0)
1265 break;
1266 if (r == -ENOMEM)
1267 return log_oom();
1268 if (r < 0)
1269 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse system call filter: %m");
1270
1271 if (negative)
1272 r = strv_extend(&arg_syscall_blacklist, word);
1273 else
1274 r = strv_extend(&arg_syscall_whitelist, word);
1275 if (r < 0)
1276 return log_oom();
1277 }
1278
1279 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_SYSCALL_FILTER;
1280 break;
1281 }
1282
1283 case ARG_RLIMIT: {
1284 const char *eq;
1285 char *name;
1286 int rl;
1287
1288 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1289 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(rlimit, int, _RLIMIT_MAX);
1290 return 0;
1291 }
1292
1293 eq = strchr(optarg, '=');
1294 if (!eq)
1295 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1296 "--rlimit= expects an '=' assignment.");
1297
1298 name = strndup(optarg, eq - optarg);
1299 if (!name)
1300 return log_oom();
1301
1302 rl = rlimit_from_string_harder(name);
1303 if (rl < 0)
1304 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1305 "Unknown resource limit: %s", name);
1306
1307 if (!arg_rlimit[rl]) {
1308 arg_rlimit[rl] = new0(struct rlimit, 1);
1309 if (!arg_rlimit[rl])
1310 return log_oom();
1311 }
1312
1313 r = rlimit_parse(rl, eq + 1, arg_rlimit[rl]);
1314 if (r < 0)
1315 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse resource limit: %s", eq + 1);
1316
1317 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_RLIMIT_FIRST << rl;
1318 break;
1319 }
1320
1321 case ARG_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST:
1322 r = parse_oom_score_adjust(optarg, &arg_oom_score_adjust);
1323 if (r < 0)
1324 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --oom-score-adjust= parameter: %s", optarg);
1325
1326 arg_oom_score_adjust_set = true;
1327 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST;
1328 break;
1329
1330 case ARG_CPU_AFFINITY: {
1331 CPUSet cpuset;
1332
1333 r = parse_cpu_set(optarg, &cpuset);
1334 if (r < 0)
1335 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse CPU affinity mask %s: %m", optarg);
1336
1337 cpu_set_reset(&arg_cpu_set);
1338 arg_cpu_set = cpuset;
1339 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CPU_AFFINITY;
1340 break;
1341 }
1342
1343 case ARG_RESOLV_CONF:
1344 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1345 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(resolv_conf_mode, ResolvConfMode, _RESOLV_CONF_MODE_MAX);
1346 return 0;
1347 }
1348
1349 arg_resolv_conf = resolv_conf_mode_from_string(optarg);
1350 if (arg_resolv_conf < 0)
1351 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1352 "Failed to parse /etc/resolv.conf mode: %s", optarg);
1353
1354 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_RESOLV_CONF;
1355 break;
1356
1357 case ARG_TIMEZONE:
1358 if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
1359 DUMP_STRING_TABLE(timezone_mode, TimezoneMode, _TIMEZONE_MODE_MAX);
1360 return 0;
1361 }
1362
1363 arg_timezone = timezone_mode_from_string(optarg);
1364 if (arg_timezone < 0)
1365 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1366 "Failed to parse /etc/localtime mode: %s", optarg);
1367
1368 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_TIMEZONE;
1369 break;
1370
1371 case ARG_CONSOLE:
1372 if (streq(optarg, "interactive"))
1373 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE;
1374 else if (streq(optarg, "read-only"))
1375 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_READ_ONLY;
1376 else if (streq(optarg, "passive"))
1377 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_PASSIVE;
1378 else if (streq(optarg, "pipe"))
1379 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_PIPE;
1380 else if (streq(optarg, "help"))
1381 puts("interactive\n"
1382 "read-only\n"
1383 "passive\n"
1384 "pipe");
1385 else
1386 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Unknown console mode: %s", optarg);
1387
1388 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CONSOLE_MODE;
1389 break;
1390
1391 case 'P':
1392 case ARG_PIPE:
1393 arg_console_mode = CONSOLE_PIPE;
1394 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_CONSOLE_MODE;
1395 break;
1396
1397 case ARG_NO_PAGER:
1398 arg_pager_flags |= PAGER_DISABLE;
1399 break;
1400
1401 case '?':
1402 return -EINVAL;
1403
1404 default:
1405 assert_not_reached("Unhandled option");
1406 }
1407
1408 if (argc > optind) {
1409 strv_free(arg_parameters);
1410 arg_parameters = strv_copy(argv + optind);
1411 if (!arg_parameters)
1412 return log_oom();
1413
1414 arg_settings_mask |= SETTING_START_MODE;
1415 }
1416
1417 if (arg_ephemeral && arg_template && !arg_directory)
1418 /* User asked for ephemeral execution but specified --template= instead of --directory=. Semantically
1419 * such an invocation makes some sense, see https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3667. Let's
1420 * accept this here, and silently make "--ephemeral --template=" equivalent to "--ephemeral
1421 * --directory=". */
1422 arg_directory = TAKE_PTR(arg_template);
1423
1424 arg_caps_retain = (arg_caps_retain | plus | (arg_private_network ? UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN : 0)) & ~minus;
1425
1426 /* Make sure to parse environment before we reset the settings mask below */
1427 parse_environment();
1428
1429 /* Load all settings from .nspawn files */
1430 if (mask_no_settings)
1431 arg_settings_mask = 0;
1432
1433 /* Don't load any settings from .nspawn files */
1434 if (mask_all_settings)
1435 arg_settings_mask = _SETTINGS_MASK_ALL;
1436
1437 return 1;
1438 }
1439
1440 static int verify_arguments(void) {
1441 int r;
1442
1443 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
1444 arg_mount_settings |= MOUNT_USE_USERNS;
1445
1446 if (arg_private_network)
1447 arg_mount_settings |= MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS;
1448
1449 if (!(arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWPID) ||
1450 !(arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWUTS)) {
1451 arg_register = false;
1452 if (arg_start_mode != START_PID1)
1453 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--boot cannot be used without namespacing.");
1454 }
1455
1456 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK)
1457 arg_userns_chown = true;
1458
1459 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT && arg_kill_signal <= 0)
1460 arg_kill_signal = SIGRTMIN+3;
1461
1462 if (arg_volatile_mode != VOLATILE_NO) /* Make sure all file systems contained in the image are mounted read-only if we are in volatile mode */
1463 arg_read_only = true;
1464
1465 if (arg_keep_unit && arg_register && cg_pid_get_owner_uid(0, NULL) >= 0)
1466 /* Save the user from accidentally registering either user-$SESSION.scope or user@.service.
1467 * The latter is not technically a user session, but we don't need to labour the point. */
1468 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--keep-unit --register=yes may not be used when invoked from a user session.");
1469
1470 if (arg_directory && arg_image)
1471 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--directory= and --image= may not be combined.");
1472
1473 if (arg_template && arg_image)
1474 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--template= and --image= may not be combined.");
1475
1476 if (arg_template && !(arg_directory || arg_machine))
1477 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--template= needs --directory= or --machine=.");
1478
1479 if (arg_ephemeral && arg_template)
1480 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--ephemeral and --template= may not be combined.");
1481
1482 if (arg_ephemeral && !IN_SET(arg_link_journal, LINK_NO, LINK_AUTO))
1483 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--ephemeral and --link-journal= may not be combined.");
1484
1485 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && !userns_supported())
1486 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP), "--private-users= is not supported, kernel compiled without user namespace support.");
1487
1488 if (arg_userns_chown && arg_read_only)
1489 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1490 "--read-only and --private-users-chown may not be combined.");
1491
1492 /* We don't support --private-users-chown together with any of the volatile modes since we couldn't
1493 * change the read-only part of the tree (i.e. /usr) anyway, or because it would trigger a massive
1494 * copy-up (in case of overlay) making the entire exercise pointless. */
1495 if (arg_userns_chown && arg_volatile_mode != VOLATILE_NO)
1496 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--volatile= and --private-users-chown may not be combined.");
1497
1498 /* If --network-namespace-path is given with any other network-related option, we need to error out,
1499 * to avoid conflicts between different network options. */
1500 if (arg_network_namespace_path &&
1501 (arg_network_interfaces || arg_network_macvlan ||
1502 arg_network_ipvlan || arg_network_veth_extra ||
1503 arg_network_bridge || arg_network_zone ||
1504 arg_network_veth || arg_private_network))
1505 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--network-namespace-path= cannot be combined with other network options.");
1506
1507 if (arg_network_bridge && arg_network_zone)
1508 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
1509 "--network-bridge= and --network-zone= may not be combined.");
1510
1511 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && (arg_mount_settings & MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS) && !arg_private_network)
1512 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Invalid namespacing settings. Mounting sysfs with --private-users requires --private-network.");
1513
1514 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO && !(arg_mount_settings & MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO))
1515 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Cannot combine --private-users with read-write mounts.");
1516
1517 if (arg_expose_ports && !arg_private_network)
1518 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Cannot use --port= without private networking.");
1519
1520 #if ! HAVE_LIBIPTC
1521 if (arg_expose_ports)
1522 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP), "--port= is not supported, compiled without libiptc support.");
1523 #endif
1524
1525 r = custom_mount_check_all();
1526 if (r < 0)
1527 return r;
1528
1529 return 0;
1530 }
1531
1532 static int userns_lchown(const char *p, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
1533 assert(p);
1534
1535 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
1536 return 0;
1537
1538 if (uid == UID_INVALID && gid == GID_INVALID)
1539 return 0;
1540
1541 if (uid != UID_INVALID) {
1542 uid += arg_uid_shift;
1543
1544 if (uid < arg_uid_shift || uid >= arg_uid_shift + arg_uid_range)
1545 return -EOVERFLOW;
1546 }
1547
1548 if (gid != GID_INVALID) {
1549 gid += (gid_t) arg_uid_shift;
1550
1551 if (gid < (gid_t) arg_uid_shift || gid >= (gid_t) (arg_uid_shift + arg_uid_range))
1552 return -EOVERFLOW;
1553 }
1554
1555 if (lchown(p, uid, gid) < 0)
1556 return -errno;
1557
1558 return 0;
1559 }
1560
1561 static int userns_mkdir(const char *root, const char *path, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
1562 const char *q;
1563 int r;
1564
1565 q = prefix_roota(root, path);
1566 r = mkdir_errno_wrapper(q, mode);
1567 if (r == -EEXIST)
1568 return 0;
1569 if (r < 0)
1570 return r;
1571
1572 return userns_lchown(q, uid, gid);
1573 }
1574
1575 static const char *timezone_from_path(const char *path) {
1576 return PATH_STARTSWITH_SET(
1577 path,
1578 "../usr/share/zoneinfo/",
1579 "/usr/share/zoneinfo/");
1580 }
1581
1582 static bool etc_writable(void) {
1583 return !arg_read_only || IN_SET(arg_volatile_mode, VOLATILE_YES, VOLATILE_OVERLAY);
1584 }
1585
1586 static int setup_timezone(const char *dest) {
1587 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL, *etc = NULL;
1588 const char *where, *check;
1589 TimezoneMode m;
1590 int r;
1591
1592 assert(dest);
1593
1594 if (IN_SET(arg_timezone, TIMEZONE_AUTO, TIMEZONE_SYMLINK)) {
1595 r = readlink_malloc("/etc/localtime", &p);
1596 if (r == -ENOENT && arg_timezone == TIMEZONE_AUTO)
1597 m = etc_writable() ? TIMEZONE_DELETE : TIMEZONE_OFF;
1598 else if (r == -EINVAL && arg_timezone == TIMEZONE_AUTO) /* regular file? */
1599 m = etc_writable() ? TIMEZONE_COPY : TIMEZONE_BIND;
1600 else if (r < 0) {
1601 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to read host's /etc/localtime symlink, not updating container timezone: %m");
1602 /* To handle warning, delete /etc/localtime and replace it with a symbolic link to a time zone data
1603 * file.
1604 *
1605 * Example:
1606 * ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/UTC /etc/localtime
1607 */
1608 return 0;
1609 } else if (arg_timezone == TIMEZONE_AUTO)
1610 m = etc_writable() ? TIMEZONE_SYMLINK : TIMEZONE_BIND;
1611 else
1612 m = arg_timezone;
1613 } else
1614 m = arg_timezone;
1615
1616 if (m == TIMEZONE_OFF)
1617 return 0;
1618
1619 r = chase_symlinks("/etc", dest, CHASE_PREFIX_ROOT, &etc);
1620 if (r < 0) {
1621 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to resolve /etc path in container, ignoring: %m");
1622 return 0;
1623 }
1624
1625 where = strjoina(etc, "/localtime");
1626
1627 switch (m) {
1628
1629 case TIMEZONE_DELETE:
1630 if (unlink(where) < 0)
1631 log_full_errno(errno == ENOENT ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, errno, "Failed to remove '%s', ignoring: %m", where);
1632
1633 return 0;
1634
1635 case TIMEZONE_SYMLINK: {
1636 _cleanup_free_ char *q = NULL;
1637 const char *z, *what;
1638
1639 z = timezone_from_path(p);
1640 if (!z) {
1641 log_warning("/etc/localtime does not point into /usr/share/zoneinfo/, not updating container timezone.");
1642 return 0;
1643 }
1644
1645 r = readlink_malloc(where, &q);
1646 if (r >= 0 && streq_ptr(timezone_from_path(q), z))
1647 return 0; /* Already pointing to the right place? Then do nothing .. */
1648
1649 check = strjoina(dest, "/usr/share/zoneinfo/", z);
1650 r = chase_symlinks(check, dest, 0, NULL);
1651 if (r < 0)
1652 log_debug_errno(r, "Timezone %s does not exist (or is not accessible) in container, not creating symlink: %m", z);
1653 else {
1654 if (unlink(where) < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
1655 log_full_errno(IN_SET(errno, EROFS, EACCES, EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, /* Don't complain on read-only images */
1656 errno, "Failed to remove existing timezone info %s in container, ignoring: %m", where);
1657 return 0;
1658 }
1659
1660 what = strjoina("../usr/share/zoneinfo/", z);
1661 if (symlink(what, where) < 0) {
1662 log_full_errno(IN_SET(errno, EROFS, EACCES, EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING,
1663 errno, "Failed to correct timezone of container, ignoring: %m");
1664 return 0;
1665 }
1666
1667 break;
1668 }
1669
1670 _fallthrough_;
1671 }
1672
1673 case TIMEZONE_BIND: {
1674 _cleanup_free_ char *resolved = NULL;
1675 int found;
1676
1677 found = chase_symlinks(where, dest, CHASE_NONEXISTENT, &resolved);
1678 if (found < 0) {
1679 log_warning_errno(found, "Failed to resolve /etc/localtime path in container, ignoring: %m");
1680 return 0;
1681 }
1682
1683 if (found == 0) /* missing? */
1684 (void) touch(resolved);
1685
1686 r = mount_verbose(LOG_WARNING, "/etc/localtime", resolved, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
1687 if (r >= 0)
1688 return mount_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, resolved, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NODEV, NULL);
1689
1690 _fallthrough_;
1691 }
1692
1693 case TIMEZONE_COPY:
1694 /* If mounting failed, try to copy */
1695 r = copy_file_atomic("/etc/localtime", where, 0644, 0, 0, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_REPLACE);
1696 if (r < 0) {
1697 log_full_errno(IN_SET(r, -EROFS, -EACCES, -EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, r,
1698 "Failed to copy /etc/localtime to %s, ignoring: %m", where);
1699 return 0;
1700 }
1701
1702 break;
1703
1704 default:
1705 assert_not_reached("unexpected mode");
1706 }
1707
1708 /* Fix permissions of the symlink or file copy we just created */
1709 r = userns_lchown(where, 0, 0);
1710 if (r < 0)
1711 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to chown /etc/localtime, ignoring: %m");
1712
1713 return 0;
1714 }
1715
1716 static int have_resolv_conf(const char *path) {
1717 assert(path);
1718
1719 if (access(path, F_OK) < 0) {
1720 if (errno == ENOENT)
1721 return 0;
1722
1723 return log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to determine whether '%s' is available: %m", path);
1724 }
1725
1726 return 1;
1727 }
1728
1729 static int resolved_listening(void) {
1730 _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
1731 _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
1732 _cleanup_free_ char *dns_stub_listener_mode = NULL;
1733 int r;
1734
1735 /* Check if resolved is listening */
1736
1737 r = sd_bus_open_system(&bus);
1738 if (r < 0)
1739 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to open system bus: %m");
1740
1741 r = bus_name_has_owner(bus, "org.freedesktop.resolve1", NULL);
1742 if (r < 0)
1743 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to check whether the 'org.freedesktop.resolve1' bus name is taken: %m");
1744 if (r == 0)
1745 return 0;
1746
1747 r = sd_bus_get_property_string(bus,
1748 "org.freedesktop.resolve1",
1749 "/org/freedesktop/resolve1",
1750 "org.freedesktop.resolve1.Manager",
1751 "DNSStubListener",
1752 &error,
1753 &dns_stub_listener_mode);
1754 if (r < 0)
1755 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to query DNSStubListener property: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
1756
1757 return STR_IN_SET(dns_stub_listener_mode, "udp", "yes");
1758 }
1759
1760 static int setup_resolv_conf(const char *dest) {
1761 _cleanup_free_ char *etc = NULL;
1762 const char *where, *what;
1763 ResolvConfMode m;
1764 int r;
1765
1766 assert(dest);
1767
1768 if (arg_resolv_conf == RESOLV_CONF_AUTO) {
1769 if (arg_private_network)
1770 m = RESOLV_CONF_OFF;
1771 else if (have_resolv_conf(STATIC_RESOLV_CONF) > 0 && resolved_listening() > 0)
1772 m = etc_writable() ? RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STATIC : RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STATIC;
1773 else if (have_resolv_conf("/etc/resolv.conf") > 0)
1774 m = etc_writable() ? RESOLV_CONF_COPY_HOST : RESOLV_CONF_BIND_HOST;
1775 else
1776 m = etc_writable() ? RESOLV_CONF_DELETE : RESOLV_CONF_OFF;
1777 } else
1778 m = arg_resolv_conf;
1779
1780 if (m == RESOLV_CONF_OFF)
1781 return 0;
1782
1783 r = chase_symlinks("/etc", dest, CHASE_PREFIX_ROOT, &etc);
1784 if (r < 0) {
1785 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to resolve /etc path in container, ignoring: %m");
1786 return 0;
1787 }
1788
1789 where = strjoina(etc, "/resolv.conf");
1790
1791 if (m == RESOLV_CONF_DELETE) {
1792 if (unlink(where) < 0)
1793 log_full_errno(errno == ENOENT ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, errno, "Failed to remove '%s', ignoring: %m", where);
1794
1795 return 0;
1796 }
1797
1798 if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STATIC, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STATIC))
1799 what = STATIC_RESOLV_CONF;
1800 else
1801 what = "/etc/resolv.conf";
1802
1803 if (IN_SET(m, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_HOST, RESOLV_CONF_BIND_STATIC)) {
1804 _cleanup_free_ char *resolved = NULL;
1805 int found;
1806
1807 found = chase_symlinks(where, dest, CHASE_NONEXISTENT, &resolved);
1808 if (found < 0) {
1809 log_warning_errno(found, "Failed to resolve /etc/resolv.conf path in container, ignoring: %m");
1810 return 0;
1811 }
1812
1813 if (found == 0) /* missing? */
1814 (void) touch(resolved);
1815
1816 r = mount_verbose(LOG_WARNING, what, resolved, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
1817 if (r >= 0)
1818 return mount_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, resolved, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NODEV, NULL);
1819 }
1820
1821 /* If that didn't work, let's copy the file */
1822 r = copy_file(what, where, O_TRUNC|O_NOFOLLOW, 0644, 0, 0, COPY_REFLINK);
1823 if (r < 0) {
1824 /* If the file already exists as symlink, let's suppress the warning, under the assumption that
1825 * resolved or something similar runs inside and the symlink points there.
1826 *
1827 * If the disk image is read-only, there's also no point in complaining.
1828 */
1829 log_full_errno(!IN_SET(RESOLV_CONF_COPY_HOST, RESOLV_CONF_COPY_STATIC) && IN_SET(r, -ELOOP, -EROFS, -EACCES, -EPERM) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, r,
1830 "Failed to copy /etc/resolv.conf to %s, ignoring: %m", where);
1831 return 0;
1832 }
1833
1834 r = userns_lchown(where, 0, 0);
1835 if (r < 0)
1836 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to chown /etc/resolv.conf, ignoring: %m");
1837
1838 return 0;
1839 }
1840
1841 static int setup_boot_id(void) {
1842 _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *from = NULL;
1843 _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
1844 sd_id128_t rnd = SD_ID128_NULL;
1845 const char *to;
1846 int r;
1847
1848 /* Generate a new randomized boot ID, so that each boot-up of the container gets a new one */
1849
1850 r = tempfn_random_child("/run", "proc-sys-kernel-random-boot-id", &path);
1851 if (r < 0)
1852 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate random boot ID path: %m");
1853
1854 r = sd_id128_randomize(&rnd);
1855 if (r < 0)
1856 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate random boot id: %m");
1857
1858 r = id128_write(path, ID128_UUID, rnd, false);
1859 if (r < 0)
1860 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write boot id: %m");
1861
1862 from = TAKE_PTR(path);
1863 to = "/proc/sys/kernel/random/boot_id";
1864
1865 r = mount_verbose(LOG_ERR, from, to, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
1866 if (r < 0)
1867 return r;
1868
1869 return mount_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, to, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY|MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, NULL);
1870 }
1871
1872 static int copy_devnodes(const char *dest) {
1873 static const char devnodes[] =
1874 "null\0"
1875 "zero\0"
1876 "full\0"
1877 "random\0"
1878 "urandom\0"
1879 "tty\0"
1880 "net/tun\0";
1881
1882 _cleanup_umask_ mode_t u;
1883 const char *d;
1884 int r = 0;
1885
1886 assert(dest);
1887
1888 u = umask(0000);
1889
1890 /* Create /dev/net, so that we can create /dev/net/tun in it */
1891 if (userns_mkdir(dest, "/dev/net", 0755, 0, 0) < 0)
1892 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /dev/net directory: %m");
1893
1894 NULSTR_FOREACH(d, devnodes) {
1895 _cleanup_free_ char *from = NULL, *to = NULL;
1896 struct stat st;
1897
1898 from = strappend("/dev/", d);
1899 if (!from)
1900 return log_oom();
1901
1902 to = prefix_root(dest, from);
1903 if (!to)
1904 return log_oom();
1905
1906 if (stat(from, &st) < 0) {
1907
1908 if (errno != ENOENT)
1909 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to stat %s: %m", from);
1910
1911 } else if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) && !S_ISBLK(st.st_mode))
1912 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
1913 "%s is not a char or block device, cannot copy.", from);
1914 else {
1915 _cleanup_free_ char *sl = NULL, *prefixed = NULL, *dn = NULL, *t = NULL;
1916
1917 if (mknod(to, st.st_mode, st.st_rdev) < 0) {
1918 /* Explicitly warn the user when /dev is already populated. */
1919 if (errno == EEXIST)
1920 log_notice("%s/dev is pre-mounted and pre-populated. If a pre-mounted /dev is provided it needs to be an unpopulated file system.", dest);
1921 if (errno != EPERM)
1922 return log_error_errno(errno, "mknod(%s) failed: %m", to);
1923
1924 /* Some systems abusively restrict mknod but allow bind mounts. */
1925 r = touch(to);
1926 if (r < 0)
1927 return log_error_errno(r, "touch (%s) failed: %m", to);
1928 r = mount_verbose(LOG_DEBUG, from, to, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
1929 if (r < 0)
1930 return log_error_errno(r, "Both mknod and bind mount (%s) failed: %m", to);
1931 }
1932
1933 r = userns_lchown(to, 0, 0);
1934 if (r < 0)
1935 return log_error_errno(r, "chown() of device node %s failed: %m", to);
1936
1937 dn = strjoin("/dev/", S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) ? "char" : "block");
1938 if (!dn)
1939 return log_oom();
1940
1941 r = userns_mkdir(dest, dn, 0755, 0, 0);
1942 if (r < 0)
1943 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create '%s': %m", dn);
1944
1945 if (asprintf(&sl, "%s/%u:%u", dn, major(st.st_rdev), minor(st.st_rdev)) < 0)
1946 return log_oom();
1947
1948 prefixed = prefix_root(dest, sl);
1949 if (!prefixed)
1950 return log_oom();
1951
1952 t = strjoin("../", d);
1953 if (!t)
1954 return log_oom();
1955
1956 if (symlink(t, prefixed) < 0)
1957 log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to symlink '%s' to '%s': %m", t, prefixed);
1958 }
1959 }
1960
1961 return r;
1962 }
1963
1964 static int make_extra_nodes(const char *dest) {
1965 _cleanup_umask_ mode_t u;
1966 size_t i;
1967 int r;
1968
1969 u = umask(0000);
1970
1971 for (i = 0; i < arg_n_extra_nodes; i++) {
1972 _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
1973 DeviceNode *n = arg_extra_nodes + i;
1974
1975 path = prefix_root(dest, n->path);
1976 if (!path)
1977 return log_oom();
1978
1979 if (mknod(path, n->mode, S_ISCHR(n->mode) || S_ISBLK(n->mode) ? makedev(n->major, n->minor) : 0) < 0)
1980 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create device node '%s': %m", path);
1981
1982 r = chmod_and_chown(path, n->mode, n->uid, n->gid);
1983 if (r < 0)
1984 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to adjust device node ownership of '%s': %m", path);
1985 }
1986
1987 return 0;
1988 }
1989
1990 static int setup_pts(const char *dest) {
1991 _cleanup_free_ char *options = NULL;
1992 const char *p;
1993 int r;
1994
1995 #if HAVE_SELINUX
1996 if (arg_selinux_apifs_context)
1997 (void) asprintf(&options,
1998 "newinstance,ptmxmode=0666,mode=620,gid=" GID_FMT ",context=\"%s\"",
1999 arg_uid_shift + TTY_GID,
2000 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
2001 else
2002 #endif
2003 (void) asprintf(&options,
2004 "newinstance,ptmxmode=0666,mode=620,gid=" GID_FMT,
2005 arg_uid_shift + TTY_GID);
2006
2007 if (!options)
2008 return log_oom();
2009
2010 /* Mount /dev/pts itself */
2011 p = prefix_roota(dest, "/dev/pts");
2012 r = mkdir_errno_wrapper(p, 0755);
2013 if (r < 0)
2014 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /dev/pts: %m");
2015
2016 r = mount_verbose(LOG_ERR, "devpts", p, "devpts", MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC, options);
2017 if (r < 0)
2018 return r;
2019 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
2020 if (r < 0)
2021 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown /dev/pts: %m");
2022
2023 /* Create /dev/ptmx symlink */
2024 p = prefix_roota(dest, "/dev/ptmx");
2025 if (symlink("pts/ptmx", p) < 0)
2026 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create /dev/ptmx symlink: %m");
2027 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
2028 if (r < 0)
2029 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown /dev/ptmx: %m");
2030
2031 /* And fix /dev/pts/ptmx ownership */
2032 p = prefix_roota(dest, "/dev/pts/ptmx");
2033 r = userns_lchown(p, 0, 0);
2034 if (r < 0)
2035 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown /dev/pts/ptmx: %m");
2036
2037 return 0;
2038 }
2039
2040 static int setup_stdio_as_dev_console(void) {
2041 int terminal;
2042 int r;
2043
2044 terminal = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_RDWR);
2045 if (terminal < 0)
2046 return log_error_errno(terminal, "Failed to open console: %m");
2047
2048 /* Make sure we can continue logging to the original stderr, even if
2049 * stderr points elsewhere now */
2050 r = log_dup_console();
2051 if (r < 0)
2052 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to duplicate stderr: %m");
2053
2054 /* invalidates 'terminal' on success and failure */
2055 r = rearrange_stdio(terminal, terminal, terminal);
2056 if (r < 0)
2057 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to move console to stdin/stdout/stderr: %m");
2058
2059 return 0;
2060 }
2061
2062 static int setup_dev_console(const char *console) {
2063 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
2064 int r;
2065
2066 /* Create /dev/console symlink */
2067 r = path_make_relative("/dev", console, &p);
2068 if (r < 0)
2069 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create relative path: %m");
2070
2071 if (symlink(p, "/dev/console") < 0)
2072 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create /dev/console symlink: %m");
2073
2074 return 0;
2075 }
2076
2077 static int setup_keyring(void) {
2078 key_serial_t keyring;
2079
2080 /* Allocate a new session keyring for the container. This makes sure the keyring of the session systemd-nspawn
2081 * was invoked from doesn't leak into the container. Note that by default we block keyctl() and request_key()
2082 * anyway via seccomp so doing this operation isn't strictly necessary, but in case people explicitly whitelist
2083 * these system calls let's make sure we don't leak anything into the container. */
2084
2085 keyring = keyctl(KEYCTL_JOIN_SESSION_KEYRING, 0, 0, 0, 0);
2086 if (keyring == -1) {
2087 if (errno == ENOSYS)
2088 log_debug_errno(errno, "Kernel keyring not supported, ignoring.");
2089 else if (IN_SET(errno, EACCES, EPERM))
2090 log_debug_errno(errno, "Kernel keyring access prohibited, ignoring.");
2091 else
2092 return log_error_errno(errno, "Setting up kernel keyring failed: %m");
2093 }
2094
2095 return 0;
2096 }
2097
2098 static int setup_kmsg(int kmsg_socket) {
2099 _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *from = NULL;
2100 _cleanup_free_ char *fifo = NULL;
2101 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
2102 _cleanup_umask_ mode_t u;
2103 int r;
2104
2105 assert(kmsg_socket >= 0);
2106
2107 u = umask(0000);
2108
2109 /* We create the kmsg FIFO as as temporary file in /run, but immediately delete it after bind mounting it to
2110 * /proc/kmsg. While FIFOs on the reading side behave very similar to /proc/kmsg, their writing side behaves
2111 * differently from /dev/kmsg in that writing blocks when nothing is reading. In order to avoid any problems
2112 * with containers deadlocking due to this we simply make /dev/kmsg unavailable to the container. */
2113
2114 r = tempfn_random_child("/run", "proc-kmsg", &fifo);
2115 if (r < 0)
2116 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate kmsg path: %m");
2117
2118 if (mkfifo(fifo, 0600) < 0)
2119 return log_error_errno(errno, "mkfifo() for /run/kmsg failed: %m");
2120
2121 from = TAKE_PTR(fifo);
2122
2123 r = mount_verbose(LOG_ERR, from, "/proc/kmsg", NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2124 if (r < 0)
2125 return r;
2126
2127 fd = open(from, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK|O_CLOEXEC);
2128 if (fd < 0)
2129 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open fifo: %m");
2130
2131 /* Store away the fd in the socket, so that it stays open as long as we run the child */
2132 r = send_one_fd(kmsg_socket, fd, 0);
2133 if (r < 0)
2134 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to send FIFO fd: %m");
2135
2136 return 0;
2137 }
2138
2139 static int on_address_change(sd_netlink *rtnl, sd_netlink_message *m, void *userdata) {
2140 union in_addr_union *exposed = userdata;
2141
2142 assert(rtnl);
2143 assert(m);
2144 assert(exposed);
2145
2146 expose_port_execute(rtnl, arg_expose_ports, exposed);
2147 return 0;
2148 }
2149
2150 static int setup_hostname(void) {
2151 int r;
2152
2153 if ((arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWUTS) == 0)
2154 return 0;
2155
2156 r = sethostname_idempotent(arg_hostname ?: arg_machine);
2157 if (r < 0)
2158 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set hostname: %m");
2159
2160 return 0;
2161 }
2162
2163 static int setup_journal(const char *directory) {
2164 _cleanup_free_ char *d = NULL;
2165 const char *dirname, *p, *q;
2166 sd_id128_t this_id;
2167 char id[33];
2168 bool try;
2169 int r;
2170
2171 /* Don't link journals in ephemeral mode */
2172 if (arg_ephemeral)
2173 return 0;
2174
2175 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_NO)
2176 return 0;
2177
2178 try = arg_link_journal_try || arg_link_journal == LINK_AUTO;
2179
2180 r = sd_id128_get_machine(&this_id);
2181 if (r < 0)
2182 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to retrieve machine ID: %m");
2183
2184 if (sd_id128_equal(arg_uuid, this_id)) {
2185 log_full(try ? LOG_WARNING : LOG_ERR,
2186 "Host and machine ids are equal (%s): refusing to link journals", sd_id128_to_string(arg_uuid, id));
2187 if (try)
2188 return 0;
2189 return -EEXIST;
2190 }
2191
2192 FOREACH_STRING(dirname, "/var", "/var/log", "/var/log/journal") {
2193 r = userns_mkdir(directory, dirname, 0755, 0, 0);
2194 if (r < 0) {
2195 bool ignore = r == -EROFS && try;
2196 log_full_errno(ignore ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_ERR, r,
2197 "Failed to create %s%s: %m", dirname, ignore ? ", ignoring" : "");
2198 return ignore ? 0 : r;
2199 }
2200 }
2201
2202 (void) sd_id128_to_string(arg_uuid, id);
2203
2204 p = strjoina("/var/log/journal/", id);
2205 q = prefix_roota(directory, p);
2206
2207 if (path_is_mount_point(p, NULL, 0) > 0) {
2208 if (try)
2209 return 0;
2210
2211 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST),
2212 "%s: already a mount point, refusing to use for journal", p);
2213 }
2214
2215 if (path_is_mount_point(q, NULL, 0) > 0) {
2216 if (try)
2217 return 0;
2218
2219 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST),
2220 "%s: already a mount point, refusing to use for journal", q);
2221 }
2222
2223 r = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &d);
2224 if (r >= 0) {
2225 if (IN_SET(arg_link_journal, LINK_GUEST, LINK_AUTO) &&
2226 path_equal(d, q)) {
2227
2228 r = userns_mkdir(directory, p, 0755, 0, 0);
2229 if (r < 0)
2230 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to create directory %s: %m", q);
2231 return 0;
2232 }
2233
2234 if (unlink(p) < 0)
2235 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to remove symlink %s: %m", p);
2236 } else if (r == -EINVAL) {
2237
2238 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_GUEST &&
2239 rmdir(p) < 0) {
2240
2241 if (errno == ENOTDIR) {
2242 log_error("%s already exists and is neither a symlink nor a directory", p);
2243 return r;
2244 } else
2245 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to remove %s: %m", p);
2246 }
2247 } else if (r != -ENOENT)
2248 return log_error_errno(r, "readlink(%s) failed: %m", p);
2249
2250 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_GUEST) {
2251
2252 if (symlink(q, p) < 0) {
2253 if (try) {
2254 log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to symlink %s to %s, skipping journal setup: %m", q, p);
2255 return 0;
2256 } else
2257 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to symlink %s to %s: %m", q, p);
2258 }
2259
2260 r = userns_mkdir(directory, p, 0755, 0, 0);
2261 if (r < 0)
2262 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to create directory %s: %m", q);
2263 return 0;
2264 }
2265
2266 if (arg_link_journal == LINK_HOST) {
2267 /* don't create parents here — if the host doesn't have
2268 * permanent journal set up, don't force it here */
2269
2270 r = mkdir_errno_wrapper(p, 0755);
2271 if (r < 0 && r != -EEXIST) {
2272 if (try) {
2273 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to create %s, skipping journal setup: %m", p);
2274 return 0;
2275 } else
2276 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create %s: %m", p);
2277 }
2278
2279 } else if (access(p, F_OK) < 0)
2280 return 0;
2281
2282 if (dir_is_empty(q) == 0)
2283 log_warning("%s is not empty, proceeding anyway.", q);
2284
2285 r = userns_mkdir(directory, p, 0755, 0, 0);
2286 if (r < 0)
2287 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create %s: %m", q);
2288
2289 r = mount_verbose(LOG_DEBUG, p, q, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2290 if (r < 0)
2291 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to bind mount journal from host into guest: %m");
2292
2293 return 0;
2294 }
2295
2296 static int drop_capabilities(uid_t uid) {
2297 CapabilityQuintet q;
2298
2299 /* Let's initialize all five capability sets to something valid. If the quintet was configured via
2300 * OCI use that, but fill in missing bits. If it wasn't then derive the quintet in full from
2301 * arg_caps_retain. */
2302
2303 if (capability_quintet_is_set(&arg_full_capabilities)) {
2304 q = arg_full_capabilities;
2305
2306 if (q.bounding == (uint64_t) -1)
2307 q.bounding = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : 0;
2308
2309 if (q.effective == (uint64_t) -1)
2310 q.effective = uid == 0 ? q.bounding : 0;
2311
2312 if (q.inheritable == (uint64_t) -1)
2313 q.inheritable = uid == 0 ? q.bounding : 0;
2314
2315 if (q.permitted == (uint64_t) -1)
2316 q.permitted = uid == 0 ? q.bounding : 0;
2317
2318 if (q.ambient == (uint64_t) -1 && ambient_capabilities_supported())
2319 q.ambient = 0;
2320 } else
2321 q = (CapabilityQuintet) {
2322 .bounding = arg_caps_retain,
2323 .effective = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : 0,
2324 .inheritable = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : 0,
2325 .permitted = uid == 0 ? arg_caps_retain : 0,
2326 .ambient = ambient_capabilities_supported() ? 0 : (uint64_t) -1,
2327 };
2328
2329 return capability_quintet_enforce(&q);
2330 }
2331
2332 static int reset_audit_loginuid(void) {
2333 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
2334 int r;
2335
2336 if ((arg_clone_ns_flags & CLONE_NEWPID) == 0)
2337 return 0;
2338
2339 r = read_one_line_file("/proc/self/loginuid", &p);
2340 if (r == -ENOENT)
2341 return 0;
2342 if (r < 0)
2343 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read /proc/self/loginuid: %m");
2344
2345 /* Already reset? */
2346 if (streq(p, "4294967295"))
2347 return 0;
2348
2349 r = write_string_file("/proc/self/loginuid", "4294967295", WRITE_STRING_FILE_DISABLE_BUFFER);
2350 if (r < 0) {
2351 log_error_errno(r,
2352 "Failed to reset audit login UID. This probably means that your kernel is too\n"
2353 "old and you have audit enabled. Note that the auditing subsystem is known to\n"
2354 "be incompatible with containers on old kernels. Please make sure to upgrade\n"
2355 "your kernel or to off auditing with 'audit=0' on the kernel command line before\n"
2356 "using systemd-nspawn. Sleeping for 5s... (%m)");
2357
2358 sleep(5);
2359 }
2360
2361 return 0;
2362 }
2363
2364 static int setup_propagate(const char *root) {
2365 const char *p, *q;
2366 int r;
2367
2368 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn/", 0755);
2369 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate", 0600);
2370 p = strjoina("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate/", arg_machine);
2371 (void) mkdir_p(p, 0600);
2372
2373 r = userns_mkdir(root, "/run/systemd", 0755, 0, 0);
2374 if (r < 0)
2375 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /run/systemd: %m");
2376
2377 r = userns_mkdir(root, "/run/systemd/nspawn", 0755, 0, 0);
2378 if (r < 0)
2379 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /run/systemd/nspawn: %m");
2380
2381 r = userns_mkdir(root, "/run/systemd/nspawn/incoming", 0600, 0, 0);
2382 if (r < 0)
2383 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /run/systemd/nspawn/incoming: %m");
2384
2385 q = prefix_roota(root, "/run/systemd/nspawn/incoming");
2386 r = mount_verbose(LOG_ERR, p, q, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL);
2387 if (r < 0)
2388 return r;
2389
2390 r = mount_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|MS_RDONLY, NULL);
2391 if (r < 0)
2392 return r;
2393
2394 /* machined will MS_MOVE into that directory, and that's only
2395 * supported for non-shared mounts. */
2396 return mount_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, q, NULL, MS_SLAVE, NULL);
2397 }
2398
2399 static int setup_machine_id(const char *directory) {
2400 const char *etc_machine_id;
2401 sd_id128_t id;
2402 int r;
2403
2404 /* If the UUID in the container is already set, then that's what counts, and we use. If it isn't set, and the
2405 * caller passed --uuid=, then we'll pass it in the $container_uuid env var to PID 1 of the container. The
2406 * assumption is that PID 1 will then write it to /etc/machine-id to make it persistent. If --uuid= is not
2407 * passed we generate a random UUID, and pass it via $container_uuid. In effect this means that /etc/machine-id
2408 * in the container and our idea of the container UUID will always be in sync (at least if PID 1 in the
2409 * container behaves nicely). */
2410
2411 etc_machine_id = prefix_roota(directory, "/etc/machine-id");
2412
2413 r = id128_read(etc_machine_id, ID128_PLAIN, &id);
2414 if (r < 0) {
2415 if (!IN_SET(r, -ENOENT, -ENOMEDIUM)) /* If the file is missing or empty, we don't mind */
2416 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read machine ID from container image: %m");
2417
2418 if (sd_id128_is_null(arg_uuid)) {
2419 r = sd_id128_randomize(&arg_uuid);
2420 if (r < 0)
2421 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to acquire randomized machine UUID: %m");
2422 }
2423 } else {
2424 if (sd_id128_is_null(id))
2425 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
2426 "Machine ID in container image is zero, refusing.");
2427
2428 arg_uuid = id;
2429 }
2430
2431 return 0;
2432 }
2433
2434 static int recursive_chown(const char *directory, uid_t shift, uid_t range) {
2435 int r;
2436
2437 assert(directory);
2438
2439 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO || !arg_userns_chown)
2440 return 0;
2441
2442 r = path_patch_uid(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
2443 if (r == -EOPNOTSUPP)
2444 return log_error_errno(r, "Automatic UID/GID adjusting is only supported for UID/GID ranges starting at multiples of 2^16 with a range of 2^16.");
2445 if (r == -EBADE)
2446 return log_error_errno(r, "Upper 16 bits of root directory UID and GID do not match.");
2447 if (r < 0)
2448 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to adjust UID/GID shift of OS tree: %m");
2449 if (r == 0)
2450 log_debug("Root directory of image is already owned by the right UID/GID range, skipping recursive chown operation.");
2451 else
2452 log_debug("Patched directory tree to match UID/GID range.");
2453
2454 return r;
2455 }
2456
2457 /*
2458 * Return values:
2459 * < 0 : wait_for_terminate() failed to get the state of the
2460 * container, the container was terminated by a signal, or
2461 * failed for an unknown reason. No change is made to the
2462 * container argument.
2463 * > 0 : The program executed in the container terminated with an
2464 * error. The exit code of the program executed in the
2465 * container is returned. The container argument has been set
2466 * to CONTAINER_TERMINATED.
2467 * 0 : The container is being rebooted, has been shut down or exited
2468 * successfully. The container argument has been set to either
2469 * CONTAINER_TERMINATED or CONTAINER_REBOOTED.
2470 *
2471 * That is, success is indicated by a return value of zero, and an
2472 * error is indicated by a non-zero value.
2473 */
2474 static int wait_for_container(pid_t pid, ContainerStatus *container) {
2475 siginfo_t status;
2476 int r;
2477
2478 r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status);
2479 if (r < 0)
2480 return log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to wait for container: %m");
2481
2482 switch (status.si_code) {
2483
2484 case CLD_EXITED:
2485 if (status.si_status == 0)
2486 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s exited successfully.", arg_machine);
2487 else
2488 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s failed with error code %i.", arg_machine, status.si_status);
2489
2490 *container = CONTAINER_TERMINATED;
2491 return status.si_status;
2492
2493 case CLD_KILLED:
2494 if (status.si_status == SIGINT) {
2495 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s has been shut down.", arg_machine);
2496 *container = CONTAINER_TERMINATED;
2497 return 0;
2498
2499 } else if (status.si_status == SIGHUP) {
2500 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, "Container %s is being rebooted.", arg_machine);
2501 *container = CONTAINER_REBOOTED;
2502 return 0;
2503 }
2504
2505 _fallthrough_;
2506 case CLD_DUMPED:
2507 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
2508 "Container %s terminated by signal %s.", arg_machine, signal_to_string(status.si_status));
2509
2510 default:
2511 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
2512 "Container %s failed due to unknown reason.", arg_machine);
2513 }
2514 }
2515
2516 static int on_orderly_shutdown(sd_event_source *s, const struct signalfd_siginfo *si, void *userdata) {
2517 pid_t pid;
2518
2519 pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
2520 if (pid > 0) {
2521 if (kill(pid, arg_kill_signal) >= 0) {
2522 log_info("Trying to halt container. Send SIGTERM again to trigger immediate termination.");
2523 sd_event_source_set_userdata(s, NULL);
2524 return 0;
2525 }
2526 }
2527
2528 sd_event_exit(sd_event_source_get_event(s), 0);
2529 return 0;
2530 }
2531
2532 static int on_sigchld(sd_event_source *s, const struct signalfd_siginfo *ssi, void *userdata) {
2533 pid_t pid;
2534
2535 assert(s);
2536 assert(ssi);
2537
2538 pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
2539
2540 for (;;) {
2541 siginfo_t si = {};
2542
2543 if (waitid(P_ALL, 0, &si, WNOHANG|WNOWAIT|WEXITED) < 0)
2544 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to waitid(): %m");
2545 if (si.si_pid == 0) /* No pending children. */
2546 break;
2547 if (si.si_pid == pid) {
2548 /* The main process we care for has exited. Return from
2549 * signal handler but leave the zombie. */
2550 sd_event_exit(sd_event_source_get_event(s), 0);
2551 break;
2552 }
2553
2554 /* Reap all other children. */
2555 (void) waitid(P_PID, si.si_pid, &si, WNOHANG|WEXITED);
2556 }
2557
2558 return 0;
2559 }
2560
2561 static int on_request_stop(sd_bus_message *m, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
2562 pid_t pid;
2563
2564 assert(m);
2565
2566 pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
2567
2568 if (arg_kill_signal > 0) {
2569 log_info("Container termination requested. Attempting to halt container.");
2570 (void) kill(pid, arg_kill_signal);
2571 } else {
2572 log_info("Container termination requested. Exiting.");
2573 sd_event_exit(sd_bus_get_event(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m)), 0);
2574 }
2575
2576 return 0;
2577 }
2578
2579 static int determine_names(void) {
2580 int r;
2581
2582 if (arg_template && !arg_directory && arg_machine) {
2583
2584 /* If --template= was specified then we should not
2585 * search for a machine, but instead create a new one
2586 * in /var/lib/machine. */
2587
2588 arg_directory = strjoin("/var/lib/machines/", arg_machine);
2589 if (!arg_directory)
2590 return log_oom();
2591 }
2592
2593 if (!arg_image && !arg_directory) {
2594 if (arg_machine) {
2595 _cleanup_(image_unrefp) Image *i = NULL;
2596
2597 r = image_find(IMAGE_MACHINE, arg_machine, &i);
2598 if (r == -ENOENT)
2599 return log_error_errno(r, "No image for machine '%s'.", arg_machine);
2600 if (r < 0)
2601 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to find image for machine '%s': %m", arg_machine);
2602
2603 if (IN_SET(i->type, IMAGE_RAW, IMAGE_BLOCK))
2604 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_image, i->path);
2605 else
2606 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_directory, i->path);
2607 if (r < 0)
2608 return log_oom();
2609
2610 if (!arg_ephemeral)
2611 arg_read_only = arg_read_only || i->read_only;
2612 } else {
2613 r = safe_getcwd(&arg_directory);
2614 if (r < 0)
2615 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine current directory: %m");
2616 }
2617
2618 if (!arg_directory && !arg_image)
2619 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to determine path, please use -D or -i.");
2620 }
2621
2622 if (!arg_machine) {
2623 if (arg_directory && path_equal(arg_directory, "/"))
2624 arg_machine = gethostname_malloc();
2625 else {
2626 if (arg_image) {
2627 char *e;
2628
2629 arg_machine = strdup(basename(arg_image));
2630
2631 /* Truncate suffix if there is one */
2632 e = endswith(arg_machine, ".raw");
2633 if (e)
2634 *e = 0;
2635 } else
2636 arg_machine = strdup(basename(arg_directory));
2637 }
2638 if (!arg_machine)
2639 return log_oom();
2640
2641 hostname_cleanup(arg_machine);
2642 if (!machine_name_is_valid(arg_machine))
2643 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to determine machine name automatically, please use -M.");
2644
2645 if (arg_ephemeral) {
2646 char *b;
2647
2648 /* Add a random suffix when this is an
2649 * ephemeral machine, so that we can run many
2650 * instances at once without manually having
2651 * to specify -M each time. */
2652
2653 if (asprintf(&b, "%s-%016" PRIx64, arg_machine, random_u64()) < 0)
2654 return log_oom();
2655
2656 free(arg_machine);
2657 arg_machine = b;
2658 }
2659 }
2660
2661 return 0;
2662 }
2663
2664 static int chase_symlinks_and_update(char **p, unsigned flags) {
2665 char *chased;
2666 int r;
2667
2668 assert(p);
2669
2670 if (!*p)
2671 return 0;
2672
2673 r = chase_symlinks(*p, NULL, flags, &chased);
2674 if (r < 0)
2675 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to resolve path %s: %m", *p);
2676
2677 free_and_replace(*p, chased);
2678 return r; /* r might be an fd here in case we ever use CHASE_OPEN in flags */
2679 }
2680
2681 static int determine_uid_shift(const char *directory) {
2682 int r;
2683
2684 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
2685 arg_uid_shift = 0;
2686 return 0;
2687 }
2688
2689 if (arg_uid_shift == UID_INVALID) {
2690 struct stat st;
2691
2692 r = stat(directory, &st);
2693 if (r < 0)
2694 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to determine UID base of %s: %m", directory);
2695
2696 arg_uid_shift = st.st_uid & UINT32_C(0xffff0000);
2697
2698 if (arg_uid_shift != (st.st_gid & UINT32_C(0xffff0000)))
2699 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
2700 "UID and GID base of %s don't match.", directory);
2701
2702 arg_uid_range = UINT32_C(0x10000);
2703 }
2704
2705 if (arg_uid_shift > (uid_t) -1 - arg_uid_range)
2706 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
2707 "UID base too high for UID range.");
2708
2709 return 0;
2710 }
2711
2712 static unsigned long effective_clone_ns_flags(void) {
2713 unsigned long flags = arg_clone_ns_flags;
2714
2715 if (arg_private_network)
2716 flags |= CLONE_NEWNET;
2717 if (arg_use_cgns)
2718 flags |= CLONE_NEWCGROUP;
2719 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
2720 flags |= CLONE_NEWUSER;
2721
2722 return flags;
2723 }
2724
2725 static int patch_sysctl(void) {
2726
2727 /* This table is inspired by runc's sysctl() function */
2728 static const struct {
2729 const char *key;
2730 bool prefix;
2731 unsigned long clone_flags;
2732 } safe_sysctl[] = {
2733 { "kernel.hostname", false, CLONE_NEWUTS },
2734 { "kernel.domainname", false, CLONE_NEWUTS },
2735 { "kernel.msgmax", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
2736 { "kernel.msgmnb", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
2737 { "kernel.msgmni", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
2738 { "kernel.sem", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
2739 { "kernel.shmall", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
2740 { "kernel.shmmax", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
2741 { "kernel.shmmni", false, CLONE_NEWIPC },
2742 { "fs.mqueue.", true, CLONE_NEWIPC },
2743 { "net.", true, CLONE_NEWNET },
2744 };
2745
2746 unsigned long flags;
2747 char **k, **v;
2748 int r;
2749
2750 flags = effective_clone_ns_flags();
2751
2752 STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(k, v, arg_sysctl) {
2753 bool good = false;
2754 size_t i;
2755
2756 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(safe_sysctl); i++) {
2757
2758 if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, safe_sysctl[i].clone_flags))
2759 continue;
2760
2761 if (safe_sysctl[i].prefix)
2762 good = startswith(*k, safe_sysctl[i].key);
2763 else
2764 good = streq(*k, safe_sysctl[i].key);
2765
2766 if (good)
2767 break;
2768 }
2769
2770 if (!good)
2771 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM), "Refusing to write to sysctl '%s', as it is not safe in the selected namespaces.", *k);
2772
2773 r = sysctl_write(*k, *v);
2774 if (r < 0)
2775 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write sysctl '%s': %m", *k);
2776 }
2777
2778 return 0;
2779 }
2780
2781 static int inner_child(
2782 Barrier *barrier,
2783 const char *directory,
2784 bool secondary,
2785 int kmsg_socket,
2786 int rtnl_socket,
2787 int master_pty_socket,
2788 FDSet *fds) {
2789
2790 _cleanup_close_ int master = -1;
2791 _cleanup_free_ char *home = NULL;
2792 char as_uuid[37];
2793 size_t n_env = 1;
2794 const char *envp[] = {
2795 "PATH=" DEFAULT_PATH_COMPAT,
2796 NULL, /* container */
2797 NULL, /* TERM */
2798 NULL, /* HOME */
2799 NULL, /* USER */
2800 NULL, /* LOGNAME */
2801 NULL, /* container_uuid */
2802 NULL, /* LISTEN_FDS */
2803 NULL, /* LISTEN_PID */
2804 NULL, /* NOTIFY_SOCKET */
2805 NULL
2806 };
2807 const char *exec_target;
2808 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **env_use = NULL;
2809 int r, which_failed;
2810
2811 /* This is the "inner" child process, i.e. the one forked off by the "outer" child process, which is the one
2812 * the container manager itself forked off. At the time of clone() it gained its own CLONE_NEWNS, CLONE_NEWPID,
2813 * CLONE_NEWUTS, CLONE_NEWIPC, CLONE_NEWUSER namespaces. Note that it has its own CLONE_NEWNS namespace,
2814 * separate from the CLONE_NEWNS created for the "outer" child, and also separate from the host's CLONE_NEWNS
2815 * namespace. The reason for having two levels of CLONE_NEWNS namespaces is that the "inner" one is owned by
2816 * the CLONE_NEWUSER namespace of the container, while the "outer" one is owned by the host's CLONE_NEWUSER
2817 * namespace.
2818 *
2819 * Note at this point we have no CLONE_NEWNET namespace yet. We'll acquire that one later through
2820 * unshare(). See below. */
2821
2822 assert(barrier);
2823 assert(directory);
2824 assert(kmsg_socket >= 0);
2825
2826 log_debug("Inner child is initializing.");
2827
2828 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
2829 /* Tell the parent, that it now can write the UID map. */
2830 (void) barrier_place(barrier); /* #1 */
2831
2832 /* Wait until the parent wrote the UID map */
2833 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier)) /* #2 */
2834 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH),
2835 "Parent died too early");
2836 }
2837
2838 r = reset_uid_gid();
2839 if (r < 0)
2840 return log_error_errno(r, "Couldn't become new root: %m");
2841
2842 r = mount_all(NULL,
2843 arg_mount_settings | MOUNT_IN_USERNS,
2844 arg_uid_shift,
2845 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
2846 if (r < 0)
2847 return r;
2848
2849 if (!arg_network_namespace_path && arg_private_network) {
2850 r = unshare(CLONE_NEWNET);
2851 if (r < 0)
2852 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to unshare network namespace: %m");
2853
2854 /* Tell the parent that it can setup network interfaces. */
2855 (void) barrier_place(barrier); /* #3 */
2856 }
2857
2858 r = mount_sysfs(NULL, arg_mount_settings);
2859 if (r < 0)
2860 return r;
2861
2862 /* Wait until we are cgroup-ified, so that we
2863 * can mount the right cgroup path writable */
2864 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier)) /* #4 */
2865 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH),
2866 "Parent died too early");
2867
2868 if (arg_use_cgns) {
2869 r = unshare(CLONE_NEWCGROUP);
2870 if (r < 0)
2871 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to unshare cgroup namespace: %m");
2872 r = mount_cgroups(
2873 "",
2874 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy,
2875 arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO,
2876 arg_uid_shift,
2877 arg_uid_range,
2878 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
2879 true);
2880 if (r < 0)
2881 return r;
2882 } else {
2883 r = mount_systemd_cgroup_writable("", arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy);
2884 if (r < 0)
2885 return r;
2886 }
2887
2888 r = setup_boot_id();
2889 if (r < 0)
2890 return r;
2891
2892 r = setup_kmsg(kmsg_socket);
2893 if (r < 0)
2894 return r;
2895 kmsg_socket = safe_close(kmsg_socket);
2896
2897 r = mount_custom(
2898 "/",
2899 arg_custom_mounts,
2900 arg_n_custom_mounts,
2901 false,
2902 0,
2903 0,
2904 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
2905 true);
2906 if (r < 0)
2907 return r;
2908
2909 if (setsid() < 0)
2910 return log_error_errno(errno, "setsid() failed: %m");
2911
2912 if (arg_private_network)
2913 loopback_setup();
2914
2915 if (arg_expose_ports) {
2916 r = expose_port_send_rtnl(rtnl_socket);
2917 if (r < 0)
2918 return r;
2919 rtnl_socket = safe_close(rtnl_socket);
2920 }
2921
2922 if (arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE) {
2923 _cleanup_free_ char *console = NULL;
2924
2925 /* Allocate a pty and make it available as /dev/console. */
2926 master = openpt_allocate(O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK, &console);
2927 if (master < 0)
2928 return log_error_errno(master, "Failed to allocate a pty: %m");
2929
2930 r = setup_dev_console(console);
2931 if (r < 0)
2932 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to setup /dev/console: %m");
2933
2934 r = send_one_fd(master_pty_socket, master, 0);
2935 if (r < 0)
2936 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to send master fd: %m");
2937 master_pty_socket = safe_close(master_pty_socket);
2938
2939 r = setup_stdio_as_dev_console();
2940 if (r < 0)
2941 return r;
2942 }
2943
2944 r = patch_sysctl();
2945 if (r < 0)
2946 return r;
2947
2948 if (arg_oom_score_adjust_set) {
2949 r = set_oom_score_adjust(arg_oom_score_adjust);
2950 if (r < 0)
2951 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to adjust OOM score: %m");
2952 }
2953
2954 if (arg_cpu_set.set)
2955 if (sched_setaffinity(0, arg_cpu_set.allocated, arg_cpu_set.set) < 0)
2956 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to set CPU affinity: %m");
2957
2958 (void) setup_hostname();
2959
2960 if (arg_personality != PERSONALITY_INVALID) {
2961 r = safe_personality(arg_personality);
2962 if (r < 0)
2963 return log_error_errno(r, "personality() failed: %m");
2964 } else if (secondary) {
2965 r = safe_personality(PER_LINUX32);
2966 if (r < 0)
2967 return log_error_errno(r, "personality() failed: %m");
2968 }
2969
2970 r = setrlimit_closest_all((const struct rlimit *const*) arg_rlimit, &which_failed);
2971 if (r < 0)
2972 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to apply resource limit RLIMIT_%s: %m", rlimit_to_string(which_failed));
2973
2974 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
2975 if (arg_seccomp) {
2976
2977 if (is_seccomp_available()) {
2978
2979 r = seccomp_load(arg_seccomp);
2980 if (ERRNO_IS_SECCOMP_FATAL(r))
2981 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to install seccomp filter: %m");
2982 if (r < 0)
2983 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to install seccomp filter: %m");
2984 }
2985 } else
2986 #endif
2987 {
2988 r = setup_seccomp(arg_caps_retain, arg_syscall_whitelist, arg_syscall_blacklist);
2989 if (r < 0)
2990 return r;
2991 }
2992
2993 #if HAVE_SELINUX
2994 if (arg_selinux_context)
2995 if (setexeccon(arg_selinux_context) < 0)
2996 return log_error_errno(errno, "setexeccon(\"%s\") failed: %m", arg_selinux_context);
2997 #endif
2998
2999 /* Make sure we keep the caps across the uid/gid dropping, so that we can retain some selected caps
3000 * if we need to later on. */
3001 if (prctl(PR_SET_KEEPCAPS, 1) < 0)
3002 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to set PR_SET_KEEPCAPS: %m");
3003
3004 if (uid_is_valid(arg_uid) || gid_is_valid(arg_gid))
3005 r = change_uid_gid_raw(arg_uid, arg_gid, arg_supplementary_gids, arg_n_supplementary_gids);
3006 else
3007 r = change_uid_gid(arg_user, &home);
3008 if (r < 0)
3009 return r;
3010
3011 r = drop_capabilities(getuid());
3012 if (r < 0)
3013 return log_error_errno(r, "Dropping capabilities failed: %m");
3014
3015 if (arg_no_new_privileges)
3016 if (prctl(PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS, 1, 0, 0, 0) < 0)
3017 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to disable new privileges: %m");
3018
3019 /* LXC sets container=lxc, so follow the scheme here */
3020 envp[n_env++] = strjoina("container=", arg_container_service_name);
3021
3022 envp[n_env] = strv_find_prefix(environ, "TERM=");
3023 if (envp[n_env])
3024 n_env++;
3025
3026 if (home || !uid_is_valid(arg_uid) || arg_uid == 0)
3027 if (asprintf((char**)(envp + n_env++), "HOME=%s", home ?: "/root") < 0)
3028 return log_oom();
3029
3030 if (arg_user || !uid_is_valid(arg_uid) || arg_uid == 0)
3031 if (asprintf((char**)(envp + n_env++), "USER=%s", arg_user ?: "root") < 0 ||
3032 asprintf((char**)(envp + n_env++), "LOGNAME=%s", arg_user ? arg_user : "root") < 0)
3033 return log_oom();
3034
3035 assert(!sd_id128_is_null(arg_uuid));
3036
3037 if (asprintf((char**)(envp + n_env++), "container_uuid=%s", id128_to_uuid_string(arg_uuid, as_uuid)) < 0)
3038 return log_oom();
3039
3040 if (fdset_size(fds) > 0) {
3041 r = fdset_cloexec(fds, false);
3042 if (r < 0)
3043 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to unset O_CLOEXEC for file descriptors.");
3044
3045 if ((asprintf((char **)(envp + n_env++), "LISTEN_FDS=%u", fdset_size(fds)) < 0) ||
3046 (asprintf((char **)(envp + n_env++), "LISTEN_PID=1") < 0))
3047 return log_oom();
3048 }
3049 if (asprintf((char **)(envp + n_env++), "NOTIFY_SOCKET=%s", NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH) < 0)
3050 return log_oom();
3051
3052 env_use = strv_env_merge(2, envp, arg_setenv);
3053 if (!env_use)
3054 return log_oom();
3055
3056 /* Let the parent know that we are ready and
3057 * wait until the parent is ready with the
3058 * setup, too... */
3059 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier)) /* #5 */
3060 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH),
3061 "Parent died too early");
3062
3063 if (arg_chdir)
3064 if (chdir(arg_chdir) < 0)
3065 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to change to specified working directory %s: %m", arg_chdir);
3066
3067 if (arg_start_mode == START_PID2) {
3068 r = stub_pid1(arg_uuid);
3069 if (r < 0)
3070 return r;
3071 }
3072
3073 log_debug("Inner child completed, invoking payload.");
3074
3075 /* Now, explicitly close the log, so that we then can close all remaining fds. Closing the log explicitly first
3076 * has the benefit that the logging subsystem knows about it, and is thus ready to be reopened should we need
3077 * it again. Note that the other fds closed here are at least the locking and barrier fds. */
3078 log_close();
3079 log_set_open_when_needed(true);
3080
3081 (void) fdset_close_others(fds);
3082
3083 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT) {
3084 char **a;
3085 size_t m;
3086
3087 /* Automatically search for the init system */
3088
3089 m = strv_length(arg_parameters);
3090 a = newa(char*, m + 2);
3091 memcpy_safe(a + 1, arg_parameters, m * sizeof(char*));
3092 a[1 + m] = NULL;
3093
3094 a[0] = (char*) "/usr/lib/systemd/systemd";
3095 execve(a[0], a, env_use);
3096
3097 a[0] = (char*) "/lib/systemd/systemd";
3098 execve(a[0], a, env_use);
3099
3100 a[0] = (char*) "/sbin/init";
3101 execve(a[0], a, env_use);
3102
3103 exec_target = "/usr/lib/systemd/systemd, /lib/systemd/systemd, /sbin/init";
3104 } else if (!strv_isempty(arg_parameters)) {
3105 const char *dollar_path;
3106
3107 exec_target = arg_parameters[0];
3108
3109 /* Use the user supplied search $PATH if there is one, or DEFAULT_PATH_COMPAT if not to search the
3110 * binary. */
3111 dollar_path = strv_env_get(env_use, "PATH");
3112 if (dollar_path) {
3113 if (putenv((char*) dollar_path) != 0)
3114 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to update $PATH: %m");
3115 }
3116
3117 execvpe(arg_parameters[0], arg_parameters, env_use);
3118 } else {
3119 if (!arg_chdir)
3120 /* If we cannot change the directory, we'll end up in /, that is expected. */
3121 (void) chdir(home ?: "/root");
3122
3123 execle("/bin/bash", "-bash", NULL, env_use);
3124 execle("/bin/sh", "-sh", NULL, env_use);
3125
3126 exec_target = "/bin/bash, /bin/sh";
3127 }
3128
3129 return log_error_errno(errno, "execv(%s) failed: %m", exec_target);
3130 }
3131
3132 static int setup_sd_notify_child(void) {
3133 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
3134 union sockaddr_union sa = {
3135 .un.sun_family = AF_UNIX,
3136 .un.sun_path = NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH,
3137 };
3138 int r;
3139
3140 fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
3141 if (fd < 0)
3142 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate notification socket: %m");
3143
3144 (void) mkdir_parents(NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH, 0755);
3145 (void) sockaddr_un_unlink(&sa.un);
3146
3147 r = bind(fd, &sa.sa, SOCKADDR_UN_LEN(sa.un));
3148 if (r < 0)
3149 return log_error_errno(errno, "bind(" NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH ") failed: %m");
3150
3151 r = userns_lchown(NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH, 0, 0);
3152 if (r < 0)
3153 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to chown " NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH ": %m");
3154
3155 r = setsockopt_int(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PASSCRED, true);
3156 if (r < 0)
3157 return log_error_errno(r, "SO_PASSCRED failed: %m");
3158
3159 return TAKE_FD(fd);
3160 }
3161
3162 static int outer_child(
3163 Barrier *barrier,
3164 const char *directory,
3165 DissectedImage *dissected_image,
3166 bool secondary,
3167 int pid_socket,
3168 int uuid_socket,
3169 int notify_socket,
3170 int kmsg_socket,
3171 int rtnl_socket,
3172 int uid_shift_socket,
3173 int master_pty_socket,
3174 int unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket,
3175 FDSet *fds,
3176 int netns_fd) {
3177
3178 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
3179 pid_t pid;
3180 ssize_t l;
3181 int r;
3182
3183 /* This is the "outer" child process, i.e the one forked off by the container manager itself. It already has
3184 * its own CLONE_NEWNS namespace (which was created by the clone()). It still lives in the host's CLONE_NEWPID,
3185 * CLONE_NEWUTS, CLONE_NEWIPC, CLONE_NEWUSER and CLONE_NEWNET namespaces. After it completed a number of
3186 * initializations a second child (the "inner" one) is forked off it, and it exits. */
3187
3188 assert(barrier);
3189 assert(directory);
3190 assert(pid_socket >= 0);
3191 assert(uuid_socket >= 0);
3192 assert(notify_socket >= 0);
3193 assert(master_pty_socket >= 0);
3194 assert(kmsg_socket >= 0);
3195
3196 log_debug("Outer child is initializing.");
3197
3198 if (prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGKILL) < 0)
3199 return log_error_errno(errno, "PR_SET_PDEATHSIG failed: %m");
3200
3201 r = reset_audit_loginuid();
3202 if (r < 0)
3203 return r;
3204
3205 /* Mark everything as slave, so that we still
3206 * receive mounts from the real root, but don't
3207 * propagate mounts to the real root. */
3208 r = mount_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, "/", NULL, MS_SLAVE|MS_REC, NULL);
3209 if (r < 0)
3210 return r;
3211
3212 if (dissected_image) {
3213 /* If we are operating on a disk image, then mount its root directory now, but leave out the rest. We
3214 * can read the UID shift from it if we need to. Further down we'll mount the rest, but then with the
3215 * uid shift known. That way we can mount VFAT file systems shifted to the right place right away. This
3216 * makes sure ESP partitions and userns are compatible. */
3217
3218 r = dissected_image_mount(dissected_image, directory, arg_uid_shift,
3219 DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_ROOT_ONLY|DISSECT_IMAGE_DISCARD_ON_LOOP|
3220 (arg_read_only ? DISSECT_IMAGE_READ_ONLY : 0)|
3221 (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT ? DISSECT_IMAGE_VALIDATE_OS : 0));
3222 if (r < 0)
3223 return r;
3224 }
3225
3226 r = determine_uid_shift(directory);
3227 if (r < 0)
3228 return r;
3229
3230 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
3231 /* Let the parent know which UID shift we read from the image */
3232 l = send(uid_shift_socket, &arg_uid_shift, sizeof(arg_uid_shift), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
3233 if (l < 0)
3234 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send UID shift: %m");
3235 if (l != sizeof(arg_uid_shift))
3236 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3237 "Short write while sending UID shift.");
3238
3239 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK) {
3240 /* When we are supposed to pick the UID shift, the parent will check now whether the UID shift
3241 * we just read from the image is available. If yes, it will send the UID shift back to us, if
3242 * not it will pick a different one, and send it back to us. */
3243
3244 l = recv(uid_shift_socket, &arg_uid_shift, sizeof(arg_uid_shift), 0);
3245 if (l < 0)
3246 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to recv UID shift: %m");
3247 if (l != sizeof(arg_uid_shift))
3248 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3249 "Short read while receiving UID shift.");
3250 }
3251
3252 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
3253 "Selected user namespace base " UID_FMT " and range " UID_FMT ".", arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
3254 }
3255
3256 if (!dissected_image) {
3257 /* Turn directory into bind mount */
3258 r = mount_verbose(LOG_ERR, directory, directory, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REC, NULL);
3259 if (r < 0)
3260 return r;
3261 }
3262
3263 r = setup_pivot_root(
3264 directory,
3265 arg_pivot_root_new,
3266 arg_pivot_root_old);
3267 if (r < 0)
3268 return r;
3269
3270 r = setup_volatile_mode(
3271 directory,
3272 arg_volatile_mode,
3273 arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO,
3274 arg_uid_shift,
3275 arg_uid_range,
3276 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
3277 if (r < 0)
3278 return r;
3279
3280 if (dissected_image) {
3281 /* Now we know the uid shift, let's now mount everything else that might be in the image. */
3282 r = dissected_image_mount(dissected_image, directory, arg_uid_shift,
3283 DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_NON_ROOT_ONLY|DISSECT_IMAGE_DISCARD_ON_LOOP|(arg_read_only ? DISSECT_IMAGE_READ_ONLY : 0));
3284 if (r < 0)
3285 return r;
3286 }
3287
3288 if (arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN) {
3289 /* OK, we don't know yet which cgroup mode to use yet. Let's figure it out, and tell the parent. */
3290
3291 r = detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_image(directory);
3292 if (r < 0)
3293 return r;
3294
3295 l = send(unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket, &arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
3296 if (l < 0)
3297 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send cgroup mode: %m");
3298 if (l != sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy))
3299 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3300 "Short write while sending cgroup mode.");
3301
3302 unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket = safe_close(unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket);
3303 }
3304
3305 /* Mark everything as shared so our mounts get propagated down. This is
3306 * required to make new bind mounts available in systemd services
3307 * inside the container that create a new mount namespace.
3308 * See https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3860
3309 * Further submounts (such as /dev) done after this will inherit the
3310 * shared propagation mode. */
3311 r = mount_verbose(LOG_ERR, NULL, directory, NULL, MS_SHARED|MS_REC, NULL);
3312 if (r < 0)
3313 return r;
3314
3315 r = recursive_chown(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
3316 if (r < 0)
3317 return r;
3318
3319 r = base_filesystem_create(directory, arg_uid_shift, (gid_t) arg_uid_shift);
3320 if (r < 0)
3321 return r;
3322
3323 if (arg_read_only && arg_volatile_mode == VOLATILE_NO) {
3324 r = bind_remount_recursive(directory, MS_RDONLY, MS_RDONLY, NULL);
3325 if (r < 0)
3326 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to make tree read-only: %m");
3327 }
3328
3329 r = mount_all(directory,
3330 arg_mount_settings,
3331 arg_uid_shift,
3332 arg_selinux_apifs_context);
3333 if (r < 0)
3334 return r;
3335
3336 r = copy_devnodes(directory);
3337 if (r < 0)
3338 return r;
3339
3340 r = make_extra_nodes(directory);
3341 if (r < 0)
3342 return r;
3343
3344 (void) dev_setup(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_shift);
3345 (void) make_inaccessible_nodes(directory, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_shift);
3346
3347 r = setup_pts(directory);
3348 if (r < 0)
3349 return r;
3350
3351 r = setup_propagate(directory);
3352 if (r < 0)
3353 return r;
3354
3355 r = setup_keyring();
3356 if (r < 0)
3357 return r;
3358
3359 r = setup_timezone(directory);
3360 if (r < 0)
3361 return r;
3362
3363 r = setup_resolv_conf(directory);
3364 if (r < 0)
3365 return r;
3366
3367 r = setup_machine_id(directory);
3368 if (r < 0)
3369 return r;
3370
3371 r = setup_journal(directory);
3372 if (r < 0)
3373 return r;
3374
3375 r = mount_custom(
3376 directory,
3377 arg_custom_mounts,
3378 arg_n_custom_mounts,
3379 arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO,
3380 arg_uid_shift,
3381 arg_uid_range,
3382 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3383 false);
3384 if (r < 0)
3385 return r;
3386
3387 if (!arg_use_cgns) {
3388 r = mount_cgroups(
3389 directory,
3390 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy,
3391 arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO,
3392 arg_uid_shift,
3393 arg_uid_range,
3394 arg_selinux_apifs_context,
3395 false);
3396 if (r < 0)
3397 return r;
3398 }
3399
3400 r = mount_move_root(directory);
3401 if (r < 0)
3402 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to move root directory: %m");
3403
3404 fd = setup_sd_notify_child();
3405 if (fd < 0)
3406 return fd;
3407
3408 pid = raw_clone(SIGCHLD|CLONE_NEWNS|
3409 arg_clone_ns_flags |
3410 (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO ? CLONE_NEWUSER : 0));
3411 if (pid < 0)
3412 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to fork inner child: %m");
3413 if (pid == 0) {
3414 pid_socket = safe_close(pid_socket);
3415 uuid_socket = safe_close(uuid_socket);
3416 notify_socket = safe_close(notify_socket);
3417 uid_shift_socket = safe_close(uid_shift_socket);
3418
3419 /* The inner child has all namespaces that are
3420 * requested, so that we all are owned by the user if
3421 * user namespaces are turned on. */
3422
3423 if (arg_network_namespace_path) {
3424 r = namespace_enter(-1, -1, netns_fd, -1, -1);
3425 if (r < 0)
3426 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to join network namespace: %m");
3427 }
3428
3429 r = inner_child(barrier, directory, secondary, kmsg_socket, rtnl_socket, master_pty_socket, fds);
3430 if (r < 0)
3431 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
3432
3433 _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
3434 }
3435
3436 l = send(pid_socket, &pid, sizeof(pid), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
3437 if (l < 0)
3438 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send PID: %m");
3439 if (l != sizeof(pid))
3440 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3441 "Short write while sending PID.");
3442
3443 l = send(uuid_socket, &arg_uuid, sizeof(arg_uuid), MSG_NOSIGNAL);
3444 if (l < 0)
3445 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send machine ID: %m");
3446 if (l != sizeof(arg_uuid))
3447 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO),
3448 "Short write while sending machine ID.");
3449
3450 l = send_one_fd(notify_socket, fd, 0);
3451 if (l < 0)
3452 return log_error_errno(l, "Failed to send notify fd: %m");
3453
3454 pid_socket = safe_close(pid_socket);
3455 uuid_socket = safe_close(uuid_socket);
3456 notify_socket = safe_close(notify_socket);
3457 master_pty_socket = safe_close(master_pty_socket);
3458 kmsg_socket = safe_close(kmsg_socket);
3459 rtnl_socket = safe_close(rtnl_socket);
3460 netns_fd = safe_close(netns_fd);
3461
3462 return 0;
3463 }
3464
3465 static int uid_shift_pick(uid_t *shift, LockFile *ret_lock_file) {
3466 bool tried_hashed = false;
3467 unsigned n_tries = 100;
3468 uid_t candidate;
3469 int r;
3470
3471 assert(shift);
3472 assert(ret_lock_file);
3473 assert(arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK);
3474 assert(arg_uid_range == 0x10000U);
3475
3476 candidate = *shift;
3477
3478 (void) mkdir("/run/systemd/nspawn-uid", 0755);
3479
3480 for (;;) {
3481 char lock_path[STRLEN("/run/systemd/nspawn-uid/") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uid_t) + 1];
3482 _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile lf = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
3483
3484 if (--n_tries <= 0)
3485 return -EBUSY;
3486
3487 if (candidate < CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN || candidate > CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MAX)
3488 goto next;
3489 if ((candidate & UINT32_C(0xFFFF)) != 0)
3490 goto next;
3491
3492 xsprintf(lock_path, "/run/systemd/nspawn-uid/" UID_FMT, candidate);
3493 r = make_lock_file(lock_path, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB, &lf);
3494 if (r == -EBUSY) /* Range already taken by another nspawn instance */
3495 goto next;
3496 if (r < 0)
3497 return r;
3498
3499 /* Make some superficial checks whether the range is currently known in the user database */
3500 if (getpwuid(candidate))
3501 goto next;
3502 if (getpwuid(candidate + UINT32_C(0xFFFE)))
3503 goto next;
3504 if (getgrgid(candidate))
3505 goto next;
3506 if (getgrgid(candidate + UINT32_C(0xFFFE)))
3507 goto next;
3508
3509 *ret_lock_file = lf;
3510 lf = (struct LockFile) LOCK_FILE_INIT;
3511 *shift = candidate;
3512 return 0;
3513
3514 next:
3515 if (arg_machine && !tried_hashed) {
3516 /* Try to hash the base from the container name */
3517
3518 static const uint8_t hash_key[] = {
3519 0xe1, 0x56, 0xe0, 0xf0, 0x4a, 0xf0, 0x41, 0xaf,
3520 0x96, 0x41, 0xcf, 0x41, 0x33, 0x94, 0xff, 0x72
3521 };
3522
3523 candidate = (uid_t) siphash24(arg_machine, strlen(arg_machine), hash_key);
3524
3525 tried_hashed = true;
3526 } else
3527 random_bytes(&candidate, sizeof(candidate));
3528
3529 candidate = (candidate % (CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MAX - CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN)) + CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN;
3530 candidate &= (uid_t) UINT32_C(0xFFFF0000);
3531 }
3532 }
3533
3534 static int setup_uid_map(pid_t pid) {
3535 char uid_map[STRLEN("/proc//uid_map") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uid_t) + 1], line[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uid_t)*3+3+1];
3536 int r;
3537
3538 assert(pid > 1);
3539
3540 xsprintf(uid_map, "/proc/" PID_FMT "/uid_map", pid);
3541 xsprintf(line, UID_FMT " " UID_FMT " " UID_FMT "\n", 0, arg_uid_shift, arg_uid_range);
3542 r = write_string_file(uid_map, line, WRITE_STRING_FILE_DISABLE_BUFFER);
3543 if (r < 0)
3544 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write UID map: %m");
3545
3546 /* We always assign the same UID and GID ranges */
3547 xsprintf(uid_map, "/proc/" PID_FMT "/gid_map", pid);
3548 r = write_string_file(uid_map, line, WRITE_STRING_FILE_DISABLE_BUFFER);
3549 if (r < 0)
3550 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write GID map: %m");
3551
3552 return 0;
3553 }
3554
3555 static int nspawn_dispatch_notify_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
3556 char buf[NOTIFY_BUFFER_MAX+1];
3557 char *p = NULL;
3558 struct iovec iovec = {
3559 .iov_base = buf,
3560 .iov_len = sizeof(buf)-1,
3561 };
3562 union {
3563 struct cmsghdr cmsghdr;
3564 uint8_t buf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred)) +
3565 CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int) * NOTIFY_FD_MAX)];
3566 } control = {};
3567 struct msghdr msghdr = {
3568 .msg_iov = &iovec,
3569 .msg_iovlen = 1,
3570 .msg_control = &control,
3571 .msg_controllen = sizeof(control),
3572 };
3573 struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
3574 struct ucred *ucred = NULL;
3575 ssize_t n;
3576 pid_t inner_child_pid;
3577 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **tags = NULL;
3578
3579 assert(userdata);
3580
3581 inner_child_pid = PTR_TO_PID(userdata);
3582
3583 if (revents != EPOLLIN) {
3584 log_warning("Got unexpected poll event for notify fd.");
3585 return 0;
3586 }
3587
3588 n = recvmsg(fd, &msghdr, MSG_DONTWAIT|MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC);
3589 if (n < 0) {
3590 if (IN_SET(errno, EAGAIN, EINTR))
3591 return 0;
3592
3593 return log_warning_errno(errno, "Couldn't read notification socket: %m");
3594 }
3595 cmsg_close_all(&msghdr);
3596
3597 CMSG_FOREACH(cmsg, &msghdr) {
3598 if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
3599 cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_CREDENTIALS &&
3600 cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred))) {
3601
3602 ucred = (struct ucred*) CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
3603 }
3604 }
3605
3606 if (!ucred || ucred->pid != inner_child_pid) {
3607 log_debug("Received notify message without valid credentials. Ignoring.");
3608 return 0;
3609 }
3610
3611 if ((size_t) n >= sizeof(buf)) {
3612 log_warning("Received notify message exceeded maximum size. Ignoring.");
3613 return 0;
3614 }
3615
3616 buf[n] = 0;
3617 tags = strv_split(buf, "\n\r");
3618 if (!tags)
3619 return log_oom();
3620
3621 if (strv_find(tags, "READY=1"))
3622 (void) sd_notifyf(false, "READY=1\n");
3623
3624 p = strv_find_startswith(tags, "STATUS=");
3625 if (p)
3626 (void) sd_notifyf(false, "STATUS=Container running: %s", p);
3627
3628 return 0;
3629 }
3630
3631 static int setup_sd_notify_parent(sd_event *event, int fd, pid_t *inner_child_pid, sd_event_source **notify_event_source) {
3632 int r;
3633
3634 r = sd_event_add_io(event, notify_event_source, fd, EPOLLIN, nspawn_dispatch_notify_fd, inner_child_pid);
3635 if (r < 0)
3636 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to allocate notify event source: %m");
3637
3638 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(*notify_event_source, "nspawn-notify");
3639
3640 return 0;
3641 }
3642
3643 static int merge_settings(Settings *settings, const char *path) {
3644 int rl;
3645
3646 assert(settings);
3647 assert(path);
3648
3649 /* Copy over bits from the settings, unless they have been explicitly masked by command line switches. Note
3650 * that this steals the fields of the Settings* structure, and hence modifies it. */
3651
3652 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_START_MODE) == 0 &&
3653 settings->start_mode >= 0) {
3654 arg_start_mode = settings->start_mode;
3655 strv_free_and_replace(arg_parameters, settings->parameters);
3656 }
3657
3658 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_EPHEMERAL) == 0)
3659 arg_ephemeral = settings->ephemeral;
3660
3661 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_DIRECTORY) == 0 &&
3662 settings->root) {
3663
3664 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
3665 log_warning("Ignoring root directory setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
3666 else
3667 free_and_replace(arg_directory, settings->root);
3668 }
3669
3670 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_PIVOT_ROOT) == 0 &&
3671 settings->pivot_root_new) {
3672 free_and_replace(arg_pivot_root_new, settings->pivot_root_new);
3673 free_and_replace(arg_pivot_root_old, settings->pivot_root_old);
3674 }
3675
3676 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_WORKING_DIRECTORY) == 0 &&
3677 settings->working_directory)
3678 free_and_replace(arg_chdir, settings->working_directory);
3679
3680 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_ENVIRONMENT) == 0 &&
3681 settings->environment)
3682 strv_free_and_replace(arg_setenv, settings->environment);
3683
3684 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_USER) == 0) {
3685
3686 if (settings->user)
3687 free_and_replace(arg_user, settings->user);
3688
3689 if (uid_is_valid(settings->uid))
3690 arg_uid = settings->uid;
3691 if (gid_is_valid(settings->gid))
3692 arg_gid = settings->gid;
3693 if (settings->n_supplementary_gids > 0) {
3694 free_and_replace(arg_supplementary_gids, settings->supplementary_gids);
3695 arg_n_supplementary_gids = settings->n_supplementary_gids;
3696 }
3697 }
3698
3699 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CAPABILITY) == 0) {
3700 uint64_t plus, minus;
3701
3702 /* Note that we copy both the simple plus/minus caps here, and the full quintet from the
3703 * Settings structure */
3704
3705 plus = settings->capability;
3706 minus = settings->drop_capability;
3707
3708 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NETWORK) == 0) {
3709 if (settings_private_network(settings))
3710 plus |= UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN;
3711 else
3712 minus |= UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN;
3713 }
3714
3715 if (!arg_settings_trusted && plus != 0) {
3716 if (settings->capability != 0)
3717 log_warning("Ignoring Capability= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
3718 } else
3719 arg_caps_retain |= plus;
3720
3721 arg_caps_retain &= ~minus;
3722
3723 /* Copy the full capabilities over too */
3724 if (capability_quintet_is_set(&settings->full_capabilities)) {
3725 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
3726 log_warning("Ignoring capability settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
3727 else
3728 arg_full_capabilities = settings->full_capabilities;
3729 }
3730 }
3731
3732 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_KILL_SIGNAL) == 0 &&
3733 settings->kill_signal > 0)
3734 arg_kill_signal = settings->kill_signal;
3735
3736 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_PERSONALITY) == 0 &&
3737 settings->personality != PERSONALITY_INVALID)
3738 arg_personality = settings->personality;
3739
3740 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_MACHINE_ID) == 0 &&
3741 !sd_id128_is_null(settings->machine_id)) {
3742
3743 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
3744 log_warning("Ignoring MachineID= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
3745 else
3746 arg_uuid = settings->machine_id;
3747 }
3748
3749 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_READ_ONLY) == 0 &&
3750 settings->read_only >= 0)
3751 arg_read_only = settings->read_only;
3752
3753 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_VOLATILE_MODE) == 0 &&
3754 settings->volatile_mode != _VOLATILE_MODE_INVALID)
3755 arg_volatile_mode = settings->volatile_mode;
3756
3757 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS) == 0 &&
3758 settings->n_custom_mounts > 0) {
3759
3760 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
3761 log_warning("Ignoring TemporaryFileSystem=, Bind= and BindReadOnly= settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
3762 else {
3763 custom_mount_free_all(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts);
3764 arg_custom_mounts = TAKE_PTR(settings->custom_mounts);
3765 arg_n_custom_mounts = settings->n_custom_mounts;
3766 settings->n_custom_mounts = 0;
3767 }
3768 }
3769
3770 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NETWORK) == 0 &&
3771 (settings->private_network >= 0 ||
3772 settings->network_veth >= 0 ||
3773 settings->network_bridge ||
3774 settings->network_zone ||
3775 settings->network_interfaces ||
3776 settings->network_macvlan ||
3777 settings->network_ipvlan ||
3778 settings->network_veth_extra ||
3779 settings->network_namespace_path)) {
3780
3781 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
3782 log_warning("Ignoring network settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
3783 else {
3784 arg_network_veth = settings_network_veth(settings);
3785 arg_private_network = settings_private_network(settings);
3786
3787 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_interfaces, settings->network_interfaces);
3788 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_macvlan, settings->network_macvlan);
3789 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_ipvlan, settings->network_ipvlan);
3790 strv_free_and_replace(arg_network_veth_extra, settings->network_veth_extra);
3791
3792 free_and_replace(arg_network_bridge, settings->network_bridge);
3793 free_and_replace(arg_network_zone, settings->network_zone);
3794
3795 free_and_replace(arg_network_namespace_path, settings->network_namespace_path);
3796 }
3797 }
3798
3799 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_EXPOSE_PORTS) == 0 &&
3800 settings->expose_ports) {
3801
3802 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
3803 log_warning("Ignoring Port= setting, file %s is not trusted.", path);
3804 else {
3805 expose_port_free_all(arg_expose_ports);
3806 arg_expose_ports = TAKE_PTR(settings->expose_ports);
3807 }
3808 }
3809
3810 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_USERNS) == 0 &&
3811 settings->userns_mode != _USER_NAMESPACE_MODE_INVALID) {
3812
3813 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
3814 log_warning("Ignoring PrivateUsers= and PrivateUsersChown= settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
3815 else {
3816 arg_userns_mode = settings->userns_mode;
3817 arg_uid_shift = settings->uid_shift;
3818 arg_uid_range = settings->uid_range;
3819 arg_userns_chown = settings->userns_chown;
3820 }
3821 }
3822
3823 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NOTIFY_READY) == 0)
3824 arg_notify_ready = settings->notify_ready;
3825
3826 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_SYSCALL_FILTER) == 0) {
3827
3828 if (!arg_settings_trusted && !strv_isempty(settings->syscall_whitelist))
3829 log_warning("Ignoring SystemCallFilter= settings, file %s is not trusted.", path);
3830 else {
3831 strv_free_and_replace(arg_syscall_whitelist, settings->syscall_whitelist);
3832 strv_free_and_replace(arg_syscall_blacklist, settings->syscall_blacklist);
3833 }
3834
3835 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
3836 if (!arg_settings_trusted && settings->seccomp)
3837 log_warning("Ignoring SECCOMP filter, file %s is not trusted.", path);
3838 else {
3839 seccomp_release(arg_seccomp);
3840 arg_seccomp = TAKE_PTR(settings->seccomp);
3841 }
3842 #endif
3843 }
3844
3845 for (rl = 0; rl < _RLIMIT_MAX; rl ++) {
3846 if ((arg_settings_mask & (SETTING_RLIMIT_FIRST << rl)))
3847 continue;
3848
3849 if (!settings->rlimit[rl])
3850 continue;
3851
3852 if (!arg_settings_trusted) {
3853 log_warning("Ignoring Limit%s= setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", rlimit_to_string(rl), path);
3854 continue;
3855 }
3856
3857 free_and_replace(arg_rlimit[rl], settings->rlimit[rl]);
3858 }
3859
3860 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_HOSTNAME) == 0 &&
3861 settings->hostname)
3862 free_and_replace(arg_hostname, settings->hostname);
3863
3864 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_NO_NEW_PRIVILEGES) == 0 &&
3865 settings->no_new_privileges >= 0)
3866 arg_no_new_privileges = settings->no_new_privileges;
3867
3868 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_OOM_SCORE_ADJUST) == 0 &&
3869 settings->oom_score_adjust_set) {
3870
3871 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
3872 log_warning("Ignoring OOMScoreAdjust= setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
3873 else {
3874 arg_oom_score_adjust = settings->oom_score_adjust;
3875 arg_oom_score_adjust_set = true;
3876 }
3877 }
3878
3879 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CPU_AFFINITY) == 0 &&
3880 settings->cpu_set.set) {
3881
3882 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
3883 log_warning("Ignoring CPUAffinity= setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
3884 else {
3885 cpu_set_reset(&arg_cpu_set);
3886 arg_cpu_set = settings->cpu_set;
3887 settings->cpu_set = (CPUSet) {};
3888 }
3889 }
3890
3891 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_RESOLV_CONF) == 0 &&
3892 settings->resolv_conf != _RESOLV_CONF_MODE_INVALID)
3893 arg_resolv_conf = settings->resolv_conf;
3894
3895 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_LINK_JOURNAL) == 0 &&
3896 settings->link_journal != _LINK_JOURNAL_INVALID) {
3897
3898 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
3899 log_warning("Ignoring journal link setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
3900 else {
3901 arg_link_journal = settings->link_journal;
3902 arg_link_journal_try = settings->link_journal_try;
3903 }
3904 }
3905
3906 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_TIMEZONE) == 0 &&
3907 settings->timezone != _TIMEZONE_MODE_INVALID)
3908 arg_timezone = settings->timezone;
3909
3910 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_SLICE) == 0 &&
3911 settings->slice) {
3912
3913 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
3914 log_warning("Ignoring slice setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
3915 else
3916 free_and_replace(arg_slice, settings->slice);
3917 }
3918
3919 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_USE_CGNS) == 0 &&
3920 settings->use_cgns >= 0) {
3921
3922 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
3923 log_warning("Ignoring cgroup namespace setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
3924 else
3925 arg_use_cgns = settings->use_cgns;
3926 }
3927
3928 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CLONE_NS_FLAGS) == 0 &&
3929 settings->clone_ns_flags != (unsigned long) -1) {
3930
3931 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
3932 log_warning("Ignoring namespace setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
3933 else
3934 arg_clone_ns_flags = settings->clone_ns_flags;
3935 }
3936
3937 if ((arg_settings_mask & SETTING_CONSOLE_MODE) == 0 &&
3938 settings->console_mode >= 0) {
3939
3940 if (!arg_settings_trusted)
3941 log_warning("Ignoring console mode setting, file '%s' is not trusted.", path);
3942 else
3943 arg_console_mode = settings->console_mode;
3944 }
3945
3946 /* The following properties can only be set through the OCI settings logic, not from the command line, hence we
3947 * don't consult arg_settings_mask for them. */
3948
3949 sd_bus_message_unref(arg_property_message);
3950 arg_property_message = TAKE_PTR(settings->properties);
3951
3952 arg_console_width = settings->console_width;
3953 arg_console_height = settings->console_height;
3954
3955 device_node_array_free(arg_extra_nodes, arg_n_extra_nodes);
3956 arg_extra_nodes = TAKE_PTR(settings->extra_nodes);
3957 arg_n_extra_nodes = settings->n_extra_nodes;
3958
3959 return 0;
3960 }
3961
3962 static int load_settings(void) {
3963 _cleanup_(settings_freep) Settings *settings = NULL;
3964 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
3965 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
3966 const char *fn, *i;
3967 int r;
3968
3969 if (arg_oci_bundle)
3970 return 0;
3971
3972 /* If all settings are masked, there's no point in looking for
3973 * the settings file */
3974 if ((arg_settings_mask & _SETTINGS_MASK_ALL) == _SETTINGS_MASK_ALL)
3975 return 0;
3976
3977 fn = strjoina(arg_machine, ".nspawn");
3978
3979 /* We first look in the admin's directories in /etc and /run */
3980 FOREACH_STRING(i, "/etc/systemd/nspawn", "/run/systemd/nspawn") {
3981 _cleanup_free_ char *j = NULL;
3982
3983 j = strjoin(i, "/", fn);
3984 if (!j)
3985 return log_oom();
3986
3987 f = fopen(j, "re");
3988 if (f) {
3989 p = TAKE_PTR(j);
3990
3991 /* By default, we trust configuration from /etc and /run */
3992 if (arg_settings_trusted < 0)
3993 arg_settings_trusted = true;
3994
3995 break;
3996 }
3997
3998 if (errno != ENOENT)
3999 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m", j);
4000 }
4001
4002 if (!f) {
4003 /* After that, let's look for a file next to the
4004 * actual image we shall boot. */
4005
4006 if (arg_image) {
4007 p = file_in_same_dir(arg_image, fn);
4008 if (!p)
4009 return log_oom();
4010 } else if (arg_directory) {
4011 p = file_in_same_dir(arg_directory, fn);
4012 if (!p)
4013 return log_oom();
4014 }
4015
4016 if (p) {
4017 f = fopen(p, "re");
4018 if (!f && errno != ENOENT)
4019 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m", p);
4020
4021 /* By default, we do not trust configuration from /var/lib/machines */
4022 if (arg_settings_trusted < 0)
4023 arg_settings_trusted = false;
4024 }
4025 }
4026
4027 if (!f)
4028 return 0;
4029
4030 log_debug("Settings are trusted: %s", yes_no(arg_settings_trusted));
4031
4032 r = settings_load(f, p, &settings);
4033 if (r < 0)
4034 return r;
4035
4036 return merge_settings(settings, p);
4037 }
4038
4039 static int load_oci_bundle(void) {
4040 _cleanup_(settings_freep) Settings *settings = NULL;
4041 int r;
4042
4043 if (!arg_oci_bundle)
4044 return 0;
4045
4046 /* By default let's trust OCI bundles */
4047 if (arg_settings_trusted < 0)
4048 arg_settings_trusted = true;
4049
4050 r = oci_load(NULL, arg_oci_bundle, &settings);
4051 if (r < 0)
4052 return r;
4053
4054 return merge_settings(settings, arg_oci_bundle);
4055 }
4056
4057 static int run_container(
4058 DissectedImage *dissected_image,
4059 bool secondary,
4060 FDSet *fds,
4061 char veth_name[IFNAMSIZ], bool *veth_created,
4062 union in_addr_union *exposed,
4063 int *master, pid_t *pid, int *ret) {
4064
4065 static const struct sigaction sa = {
4066 .sa_handler = nop_signal_handler,
4067 .sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART,
4068 };
4069
4070 _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile uid_shift_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
4071 _cleanup_close_ int etc_passwd_lock = -1;
4072 _cleanup_close_pair_ int
4073 kmsg_socket_pair[2] = { -1, -1 },
4074 rtnl_socket_pair[2] = { -1, -1 },
4075 pid_socket_pair[2] = { -1, -1 },
4076 uuid_socket_pair[2] = { -1, -1 },
4077 notify_socket_pair[2] = { -1, -1 },
4078 uid_shift_socket_pair[2] = { -1, -1 },
4079 master_pty_socket_pair[2] = { -1, -1 },
4080 unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair[2] = { -1, -1};
4081
4082 _cleanup_close_ int notify_socket = -1;
4083 _cleanup_(barrier_destroy) Barrier barrier = BARRIER_NULL;
4084 _cleanup_(sd_event_source_unrefp) sd_event_source *notify_event_source = NULL;
4085 _cleanup_(sd_event_unrefp) sd_event *event = NULL;
4086 _cleanup_(pty_forward_freep) PTYForward *forward = NULL;
4087 _cleanup_(sd_netlink_unrefp) sd_netlink *rtnl = NULL;
4088 _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
4089 ContainerStatus container_status = 0;
4090 int ifi = 0, r;
4091 ssize_t l;
4092 sigset_t mask_chld;
4093 _cleanup_close_ int netns_fd = -1;
4094
4095 assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask_chld) == 0);
4096 assert_se(sigaddset(&mask_chld, SIGCHLD) == 0);
4097
4098 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK) {
4099 /* When we shall pick the UID/GID range, let's first lock /etc/passwd, so that we can safely
4100 * check with getpwuid() if the specific user already exists. Note that /etc might be
4101 * read-only, in which case this will fail with EROFS. But that's really OK, as in that case we
4102 * can be reasonably sure that no users are going to be added. Note that getpwuid() checks are
4103 * really just an extra safety net. We kinda assume that the UID range we allocate from is
4104 * really ours. */
4105
4106 etc_passwd_lock = take_etc_passwd_lock(NULL);
4107 if (etc_passwd_lock < 0 && etc_passwd_lock != -EROFS)
4108 return log_error_errno(etc_passwd_lock, "Failed to take /etc/passwd lock: %m");
4109 }
4110
4111 r = barrier_create(&barrier);
4112 if (r < 0)
4113 return log_error_errno(r, "Cannot initialize IPC barrier: %m");
4114
4115 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, kmsg_socket_pair) < 0)
4116 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create kmsg socket pair: %m");
4117
4118 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, rtnl_socket_pair) < 0)
4119 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create rtnl socket pair: %m");
4120
4121 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, pid_socket_pair) < 0)
4122 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create pid socket pair: %m");
4123
4124 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, uuid_socket_pair) < 0)
4125 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create id socket pair: %m");
4126
4127 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, notify_socket_pair) < 0)
4128 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create notify socket pair: %m");
4129
4130 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, master_pty_socket_pair) < 0)
4131 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create console socket pair: %m");
4132
4133 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO)
4134 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, uid_shift_socket_pair) < 0)
4135 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create uid shift socket pair: %m");
4136
4137 if (arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN)
4138 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair) < 0)
4139 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create unified cgroup socket pair: %m");
4140
4141 /* Child can be killed before execv(), so handle SIGCHLD in order to interrupt
4142 * parent's blocking calls and give it a chance to call wait() and terminate. */
4143 r = sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &mask_chld, NULL);
4144 if (r < 0)
4145 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to change the signal mask: %m");
4146
4147 r = sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);
4148 if (r < 0)
4149 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to install SIGCHLD handler: %m");
4150
4151 if (arg_network_namespace_path) {
4152 netns_fd = open(arg_network_namespace_path, O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
4153 if (netns_fd < 0)
4154 return log_error_errno(errno, "Cannot open file %s: %m", arg_network_namespace_path);
4155
4156 r = fd_is_network_ns(netns_fd);
4157 if (r == -EUCLEAN)
4158 log_debug_errno(r, "Cannot determine if passed network namespace path '%s' really refers to a network namespace, assuming it does.", arg_network_namespace_path);
4159 else if (r < 0)
4160 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to check %s fs type: %m", arg_network_namespace_path);
4161 else if (r == 0)
4162 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
4163 "Path %s doesn't refer to a network namespace, refusing.", arg_network_namespace_path);
4164 }
4165
4166 *pid = raw_clone(SIGCHLD|CLONE_NEWNS);
4167 if (*pid < 0)
4168 return log_error_errno(errno, "clone() failed%s: %m",
4169 errno == EINVAL ?
4170 ", do you have namespace support enabled in your kernel? (You need UTS, IPC, PID and NET namespacing built in)" : "");
4171
4172 if (*pid == 0) {
4173 /* The outer child only has a file system namespace. */
4174 barrier_set_role(&barrier, BARRIER_CHILD);
4175
4176 kmsg_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(kmsg_socket_pair[0]);
4177 rtnl_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(rtnl_socket_pair[0]);
4178 pid_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(pid_socket_pair[0]);
4179 uuid_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(uuid_socket_pair[0]);
4180 notify_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(notify_socket_pair[0]);
4181 master_pty_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(master_pty_socket_pair[0]);
4182 uid_shift_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(uid_shift_socket_pair[0]);
4183 unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair[0]);
4184
4185 (void) reset_all_signal_handlers();
4186 (void) reset_signal_mask();
4187
4188 r = outer_child(&barrier,
4189 arg_directory,
4190 dissected_image,
4191 secondary,
4192 pid_socket_pair[1],
4193 uuid_socket_pair[1],
4194 notify_socket_pair[1],
4195 kmsg_socket_pair[1],
4196 rtnl_socket_pair[1],
4197 uid_shift_socket_pair[1],
4198 master_pty_socket_pair[1],
4199 unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair[1],
4200 fds,
4201 netns_fd);
4202 if (r < 0)
4203 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4204
4205 _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
4206 }
4207
4208 barrier_set_role(&barrier, BARRIER_PARENT);
4209
4210 fdset_close(fds);
4211
4212 kmsg_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(kmsg_socket_pair[1]);
4213 rtnl_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(rtnl_socket_pair[1]);
4214 pid_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(pid_socket_pair[1]);
4215 uuid_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(uuid_socket_pair[1]);
4216 notify_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(notify_socket_pair[1]);
4217 master_pty_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(master_pty_socket_pair[1]);
4218 uid_shift_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(uid_shift_socket_pair[1]);
4219 unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair[1] = safe_close(unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair[1]);
4220
4221 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
4222 /* The child just let us know the UID shift it might have read from the image. */
4223 l = recv(uid_shift_socket_pair[0], &arg_uid_shift, sizeof arg_uid_shift, 0);
4224 if (l < 0)
4225 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read UID shift: %m");
4226 if (l != sizeof arg_uid_shift)
4227 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading UID shift.");
4228
4229 if (arg_userns_mode == USER_NAMESPACE_PICK) {
4230 /* If we are supposed to pick the UID shift, let's try to use the shift read from the
4231 * image, but if that's already in use, pick a new one, and report back to the child,
4232 * which one we now picked. */
4233
4234 r = uid_shift_pick(&arg_uid_shift, &uid_shift_lock);
4235 if (r < 0)
4236 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to pick suitable UID/GID range: %m");
4237
4238 l = send(uid_shift_socket_pair[0], &arg_uid_shift, sizeof arg_uid_shift, MSG_NOSIGNAL);
4239 if (l < 0)
4240 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to send UID shift: %m");
4241 if (l != sizeof arg_uid_shift)
4242 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short write while writing UID shift.");
4243 }
4244 }
4245
4246 if (arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy == CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN) {
4247 /* The child let us know the support cgroup mode it might have read from the image. */
4248 l = recv(unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair[0], &arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy), 0);
4249 if (l < 0)
4250 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read cgroup mode: %m");
4251 if (l != sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy))
4252 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading cgroup mode (%zu bytes).%s",
4253 l, l == 0 ? " The child is most likely dead." : "");
4254 }
4255
4256 /* Wait for the outer child. */
4257 r = wait_for_terminate_and_check("(sd-namespace)", *pid, WAIT_LOG_ABNORMAL);
4258 if (r < 0)
4259 return r;
4260 if (r != EXIT_SUCCESS)
4261 return -EIO;
4262
4263 /* And now retrieve the PID of the inner child. */
4264 l = recv(pid_socket_pair[0], pid, sizeof *pid, 0);
4265 if (l < 0)
4266 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read inner child PID: %m");
4267 if (l != sizeof *pid)
4268 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading inner child PID.");
4269
4270 /* We also retrieve container UUID in case it was generated by outer child */
4271 l = recv(uuid_socket_pair[0], &arg_uuid, sizeof arg_uuid, 0);
4272 if (l < 0)
4273 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read container machine ID: %m");
4274 if (l != sizeof(arg_uuid))
4275 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EIO), "Short read while reading container machined ID.");
4276
4277 /* We also retrieve the socket used for notifications generated by outer child */
4278 notify_socket = receive_one_fd(notify_socket_pair[0], 0);
4279 if (notify_socket < 0)
4280 return log_error_errno(notify_socket,
4281 "Failed to receive notification socket from the outer child: %m");
4282
4283 log_debug("Init process invoked as PID "PID_FMT, *pid);
4284
4285 if (arg_userns_mode != USER_NAMESPACE_NO) {
4286 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier)) /* #1 */
4287 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early.");
4288
4289 r = setup_uid_map(*pid);
4290 if (r < 0)
4291 return r;
4292
4293 (void) barrier_place(&barrier); /* #2 */
4294 }
4295
4296 if (arg_private_network) {
4297 if (!arg_network_namespace_path) {
4298 /* Wait until the child has unshared its network namespace. */
4299 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier)) /* #3 */
4300 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early");
4301 }
4302
4303 r = move_network_interfaces(*pid, arg_network_interfaces);
4304 if (r < 0)
4305 return r;
4306
4307 if (arg_network_veth) {
4308 r = setup_veth(arg_machine, *pid, veth_name,
4309 arg_network_bridge || arg_network_zone);
4310 if (r < 0)
4311 return r;
4312 else if (r > 0)
4313 ifi = r;
4314
4315 if (arg_network_bridge) {
4316 /* Add the interface to a bridge */
4317 r = setup_bridge(veth_name, arg_network_bridge, false);
4318 if (r < 0)
4319 return r;
4320 if (r > 0)
4321 ifi = r;
4322 } else if (arg_network_zone) {
4323 /* Add the interface to a bridge, possibly creating it */
4324 r = setup_bridge(veth_name, arg_network_zone, true);
4325 if (r < 0)
4326 return r;
4327 if (r > 0)
4328 ifi = r;
4329 }
4330 }
4331
4332 r = setup_veth_extra(arg_machine, *pid, arg_network_veth_extra);
4333 if (r < 0)
4334 return r;
4335
4336 /* We created the primary and extra veth links now; let's remember this, so that we know to
4337 remove them later on. Note that we don't bother with removing veth links that were created
4338 here when their setup failed half-way, because in that case the kernel should be able to
4339 remove them on its own, since they cannot be referenced by anything yet. */
4340 *veth_created = true;
4341
4342 r = setup_macvlan(arg_machine, *pid, arg_network_macvlan);
4343 if (r < 0)
4344 return r;
4345
4346 r = setup_ipvlan(arg_machine, *pid, arg_network_ipvlan);
4347 if (r < 0)
4348 return r;
4349 }
4350
4351 if (arg_register || !arg_keep_unit) {
4352 r = sd_bus_default_system(&bus);
4353 if (r < 0)
4354 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open system bus: %m");
4355
4356 r = sd_bus_set_close_on_exit(bus, false);
4357 if (r < 0)
4358 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to disable close-on-exit behaviour: %m");
4359 }
4360
4361 if (!arg_keep_unit) {
4362 /* When a new scope is created for this container, then we'll be registered as its controller, in which
4363 * case PID 1 will send us a friendly RequestStop signal, when it is asked to terminate the
4364 * scope. Let's hook into that, and cleanly shut down the container, and print a friendly message. */
4365
4366 r = sd_bus_match_signal_async(
4367 bus,
4368 NULL,
4369 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
4370 NULL,
4371 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Scope",
4372 "RequestStop",
4373 on_request_stop, NULL, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
4374 if (r < 0)
4375 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to request RequestStop match: %m");
4376 }
4377
4378 if (arg_register) {
4379 r = register_machine(
4380 bus,
4381 arg_machine,
4382 *pid,
4383 arg_directory,
4384 arg_uuid,
4385 ifi,
4386 arg_slice,
4387 arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts,
4388 arg_kill_signal,
4389 arg_property,
4390 arg_property_message,
4391 arg_keep_unit,
4392 arg_container_service_name);
4393 if (r < 0)
4394 return r;
4395
4396 } else if (!arg_keep_unit) {
4397 r = allocate_scope(
4398 bus,
4399 arg_machine,
4400 *pid,
4401 arg_slice,
4402 arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts,
4403 arg_kill_signal,
4404 arg_property,
4405 arg_property_message);
4406 if (r < 0)
4407 return r;
4408
4409 } else if (arg_slice || arg_property)
4410 log_notice("Machine and scope registration turned off, --slice= and --property= settings will have no effect.");
4411
4412 r = create_subcgroup(*pid, arg_keep_unit, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy);
4413 if (r < 0)
4414 return r;
4415
4416 r = sync_cgroup(*pid, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, arg_uid_shift);
4417 if (r < 0)
4418 return r;
4419
4420 r = chown_cgroup(*pid, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy, arg_uid_shift);
4421 if (r < 0)
4422 return r;
4423
4424 /* Notify the child that the parent is ready with all
4425 * its setup (including cgroup-ification), and that
4426 * the child can now hand over control to the code to
4427 * run inside the container. */
4428 (void) barrier_place(&barrier); /* #4 */
4429
4430 /* Block SIGCHLD here, before notifying child.
4431 * process_pty() will handle it with the other signals. */
4432 assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask_chld, NULL) >= 0);
4433
4434 /* Reset signal to default */
4435 r = default_signals(SIGCHLD, -1);
4436 if (r < 0)
4437 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to reset SIGCHLD: %m");
4438
4439 r = sd_event_new(&event);
4440 if (r < 0)
4441 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get default event source: %m");
4442
4443 (void) sd_event_set_watchdog(event, true);
4444
4445 if (bus) {
4446 r = sd_bus_attach_event(bus, event, 0);
4447 if (r < 0)
4448 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to attach bus to event loop: %m");
4449 }
4450
4451 r = setup_sd_notify_parent(event, notify_socket, PID_TO_PTR(*pid), &notify_event_source);
4452 if (r < 0)
4453 return r;
4454
4455 /* Let the child know that we are ready and wait that the child is completely ready now. */
4456 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier)) /* #5 */
4457 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ESRCH), "Child died too early.");
4458
4459 /* At this point we have made use of the UID we picked, and thus nss-mymachines
4460 * will make them appear in getpwuid(), thus we can release the /etc/passwd lock. */
4461 etc_passwd_lock = safe_close(etc_passwd_lock);
4462
4463 (void) sd_notifyf(false,
4464 "STATUS=Container running.\n"
4465 "X_NSPAWN_LEADER_PID=" PID_FMT, *pid);
4466 if (!arg_notify_ready)
4467 (void) sd_notify(false, "READY=1\n");
4468
4469 if (arg_kill_signal > 0) {
4470 /* Try to kill the init system on SIGINT or SIGTERM */
4471 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGINT, on_orderly_shutdown, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
4472 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGTERM, on_orderly_shutdown, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
4473 } else {
4474 /* Immediately exit */
4475 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGINT, NULL, NULL);
4476 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGTERM, NULL, NULL);
4477 }
4478
4479 /* Exit when the child exits */
4480 (void) sd_event_add_signal(event, NULL, SIGCHLD, on_sigchld, PID_TO_PTR(*pid));
4481
4482 if (arg_expose_ports) {
4483 r = expose_port_watch_rtnl(event, rtnl_socket_pair[0], on_address_change, exposed, &rtnl);
4484 if (r < 0)
4485 return r;
4486
4487 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl, arg_expose_ports, exposed);
4488 }
4489
4490 rtnl_socket_pair[0] = safe_close(rtnl_socket_pair[0]);
4491
4492 if (arg_console_mode != CONSOLE_PIPE) {
4493 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
4494 PTYForwardFlags flags = 0;
4495
4496 /* Retrieve the master pty allocated by inner child */
4497 fd = receive_one_fd(master_pty_socket_pair[0], 0);
4498 if (fd < 0)
4499 return log_error_errno(fd, "Failed to receive master pty from the inner child: %m");
4500
4501 switch (arg_console_mode) {
4502
4503 case CONSOLE_READ_ONLY:
4504 flags |= PTY_FORWARD_READ_ONLY;
4505
4506 _fallthrough_;
4507
4508 case CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE:
4509 flags |= PTY_FORWARD_IGNORE_VHANGUP;
4510
4511 r = pty_forward_new(event, fd, flags, &forward);
4512 if (r < 0)
4513 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create PTY forwarder: %m");
4514
4515 if (arg_console_width != (unsigned) -1 || arg_console_height != (unsigned) -1)
4516 (void) pty_forward_set_width_height(forward,
4517 arg_console_width,
4518 arg_console_height);
4519 break;
4520
4521 default:
4522 assert(arg_console_mode == CONSOLE_PASSIVE);
4523 }
4524
4525 *master = TAKE_FD(fd);
4526 }
4527
4528 r = sd_event_loop(event);
4529 if (r < 0)
4530 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to run event loop: %m");
4531
4532 if (forward) {
4533 char last_char = 0;
4534
4535 (void) pty_forward_get_last_char(forward, &last_char);
4536 forward = pty_forward_free(forward);
4537
4538 if (!arg_quiet && last_char != '\n')
4539 putc('\n', stdout);
4540 }
4541
4542 /* Kill if it is not dead yet anyway */
4543 if (bus) {
4544 if (arg_register)
4545 terminate_machine(bus, arg_machine);
4546 else if (!arg_keep_unit)
4547 terminate_scope(bus, arg_machine);
4548 }
4549
4550 /* Normally redundant, but better safe than sorry */
4551 (void) kill(*pid, SIGKILL);
4552
4553 r = wait_for_container(*pid, &container_status);
4554 *pid = 0;
4555
4556 if (r < 0)
4557 /* We failed to wait for the container, or the container exited abnormally. */
4558 return r;
4559 if (r > 0 || container_status == CONTAINER_TERMINATED) {
4560 /* r > 0 → The container exited with a non-zero status.
4561 * As a special case, we need to replace 133 with a different value,
4562 * because 133 is special-cased in the service file to reboot the container.
4563 * otherwise → The container exited with zero status and a reboot was not requested.
4564 */
4565 if (r == EXIT_FORCE_RESTART)
4566 r = EXIT_FAILURE; /* replace 133 with the general failure code */
4567 *ret = r;
4568 return 0; /* finito */
4569 }
4570
4571 /* CONTAINER_REBOOTED, loop again */
4572
4573 if (arg_keep_unit) {
4574 /* Special handling if we are running as a service: instead of simply
4575 * restarting the machine we want to restart the entire service, so let's
4576 * inform systemd about this with the special exit code 133. The service
4577 * file uses RestartForceExitStatus=133 so that this results in a full
4578 * nspawn restart. This is necessary since we might have cgroup parameters
4579 * set we want to have flushed out. */
4580 *ret = EXIT_FORCE_RESTART;
4581 return 0; /* finito */
4582 }
4583
4584 expose_port_flush(arg_expose_ports, exposed);
4585
4586 (void) remove_veth_links(veth_name, arg_network_veth_extra);
4587 *veth_created = false;
4588 return 1; /* loop again */
4589 }
4590
4591 static int initialize_rlimits(void) {
4592 /* The default resource limits the kernel passes to PID 1, as per kernel 4.16. Let's pass our container payload
4593 * the same values as the kernel originally passed to PID 1, in order to minimize differences between host and
4594 * container execution environments. */
4595
4596 static const struct rlimit kernel_defaults[_RLIMIT_MAX] = {
4597 [RLIMIT_AS] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
4598 [RLIMIT_CORE] = { 0, RLIM_INFINITY },
4599 [RLIMIT_CPU] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
4600 [RLIMIT_DATA] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
4601 [RLIMIT_FSIZE] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
4602 [RLIMIT_LOCKS] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
4603 [RLIMIT_MEMLOCK] = { 65536, 65536 },
4604 [RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE] = { 819200, 819200 },
4605 [RLIMIT_NICE] = { 0, 0 },
4606 [RLIMIT_NOFILE] = { 1024, 4096 },
4607 [RLIMIT_RSS] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
4608 [RLIMIT_RTPRIO] = { 0, 0 },
4609 [RLIMIT_RTTIME] = { RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY },
4610 [RLIMIT_STACK] = { 8388608, RLIM_INFINITY },
4611
4612 /* The kernel scales the default for RLIMIT_NPROC and RLIMIT_SIGPENDING based on the system's amount of
4613 * RAM. To provide best compatibility we'll read these limits off PID 1 instead of hardcoding them
4614 * here. This is safe as we know that PID 1 doesn't change these two limits and thus the original
4615 * kernel's initialization should still be valid during runtime — at least if PID 1 is systemd. Note
4616 * that PID 1 changes a number of other resource limits during early initialization which is why we
4617 * don't read the other limits from PID 1 but prefer the static table above. */
4618 };
4619
4620 int rl;
4621
4622 for (rl = 0; rl < _RLIMIT_MAX; rl++) {
4623 /* Let's only fill in what the user hasn't explicitly configured anyway */
4624 if ((arg_settings_mask & (SETTING_RLIMIT_FIRST << rl)) == 0) {
4625 const struct rlimit *v;
4626 struct rlimit buffer;
4627
4628 if (IN_SET(rl, RLIMIT_NPROC, RLIMIT_SIGPENDING)) {
4629 /* For these two let's read the limits off PID 1. See above for an explanation. */
4630
4631 if (prlimit(1, rl, NULL, &buffer) < 0)
4632 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read resource limit RLIMIT_%s of PID 1: %m", rlimit_to_string(rl));
4633
4634 v = &buffer;
4635 } else
4636 v = kernel_defaults + rl;
4637
4638 arg_rlimit[rl] = newdup(struct rlimit, v, 1);
4639 if (!arg_rlimit[rl])
4640 return log_oom();
4641 }
4642
4643 if (DEBUG_LOGGING) {
4644 _cleanup_free_ char *k = NULL;
4645
4646 (void) rlimit_format(arg_rlimit[rl], &k);
4647 log_debug("Setting RLIMIT_%s to %s.", rlimit_to_string(rl), k);
4648 }
4649 }
4650
4651 return 0;
4652 }
4653
4654 static int run(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4655 _cleanup_close_ int master = -1;
4656 _cleanup_fdset_free_ FDSet *fds = NULL;
4657 int r, n_fd_passed, ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
4658 char veth_name[IFNAMSIZ] = "";
4659 bool secondary = false, remove_directory = false, remove_image = false;
4660 pid_t pid = 0;
4661 union in_addr_union exposed = {};
4662 _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile tree_global_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT, tree_local_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
4663 bool veth_created = false, remove_tmprootdir = false;
4664 char tmprootdir[] = "/tmp/nspawn-root-XXXXXX";
4665 _cleanup_(loop_device_unrefp) LoopDevice *loop = NULL;
4666 _cleanup_(decrypted_image_unrefp) DecryptedImage *decrypted_image = NULL;
4667 _cleanup_(dissected_image_unrefp) DissectedImage *dissected_image = NULL;
4668
4669 log_parse_environment();
4670 log_open();
4671
4672 r = parse_argv(argc, argv);
4673 if (r <= 0)
4674 goto finish;
4675
4676 r = must_be_root();
4677 if (r < 0)
4678 goto finish;
4679
4680 r = initialize_rlimits();
4681 if (r < 0)
4682 goto finish;
4683
4684 r = load_oci_bundle();
4685 if (r < 0)
4686 goto finish;
4687
4688 r = determine_names();
4689 if (r < 0)
4690 goto finish;
4691
4692 r = load_settings();
4693 if (r < 0)
4694 goto finish;
4695
4696 r = cg_unified_flush();
4697 if (r < 0) {
4698 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether the unified cgroups hierarchy is used: %m");
4699 goto finish;
4700 }
4701
4702 r = verify_arguments();
4703 if (r < 0)
4704 goto finish;
4705
4706 r = detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment();
4707 if (r < 0)
4708 goto finish;
4709
4710 /* Ignore SIGPIPE here, because we use splice() on the ptyfwd stuff and that will generate SIGPIPE if
4711 * the result is closed. Note that the container payload child will reset signal mask+handler anyway,
4712 * so just turning this off here means we only turn it off in nspawn itself, not any children. */
4713 (void) ignore_signals(SIGPIPE, -1);
4714
4715 n_fd_passed = sd_listen_fds(false);
4716 if (n_fd_passed > 0) {
4717 r = fdset_new_listen_fds(&fds, false);
4718 if (r < 0) {
4719 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to collect file descriptors: %m");
4720 goto finish;
4721 }
4722 }
4723
4724 /* The "default" umask. This is appropriate for most file and directory
4725 * operations performed by nspawn, and is the umask that will be used for
4726 * the child. Functions like copy_devnodes() change the umask temporarily. */
4727 umask(0022);
4728
4729 if (arg_directory) {
4730 assert(!arg_image);
4731
4732 if (path_equal(arg_directory, "/") && !arg_ephemeral) {
4733 log_error("Spawning container on root directory is not supported. Consider using --ephemeral.");
4734 r = -EINVAL;
4735 goto finish;
4736 }
4737
4738 if (arg_ephemeral) {
4739 _cleanup_free_ char *np = NULL;
4740
4741 r = chase_symlinks_and_update(&arg_directory, 0);
4742 if (r < 0)
4743 goto finish;
4744
4745 /* If the specified path is a mount point we
4746 * generate the new snapshot immediately
4747 * inside it under a random name. However if
4748 * the specified is not a mount point we
4749 * create the new snapshot in the parent
4750 * directory, just next to it. */
4751 r = path_is_mount_point(arg_directory, NULL, 0);
4752 if (r < 0) {
4753 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether directory %s is mount point: %m", arg_directory);
4754 goto finish;
4755 }
4756 if (r > 0)
4757 r = tempfn_random_child(arg_directory, "machine.", &np);
4758 else
4759 r = tempfn_random(arg_directory, "machine.", &np);
4760 if (r < 0) {
4761 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate name for directory snapshot: %m");
4762 goto finish;
4763 }
4764
4765 r = image_path_lock(np, (arg_read_only ? LOCK_SH : LOCK_EX) | LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
4766 if (r < 0) {
4767 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to lock %s: %m", np);
4768 goto finish;
4769 }
4770
4771 r = btrfs_subvol_snapshot(arg_directory, np,
4772 (arg_read_only ? BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY : 0) |
4773 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_COPY |
4774 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_DIRECTORY |
4775 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_RECURSIVE |
4776 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_QUOTA);
4777 if (r < 0) {
4778 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create snapshot %s from %s: %m", np, arg_directory);
4779 goto finish;
4780 }
4781
4782 free_and_replace(arg_directory, np);
4783
4784 remove_directory = true;
4785
4786 } else {
4787 r = chase_symlinks_and_update(&arg_directory, arg_template ? CHASE_NONEXISTENT : 0);
4788 if (r < 0)
4789 goto finish;
4790
4791 r = image_path_lock(arg_directory, (arg_read_only ? LOCK_SH : LOCK_EX) | LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
4792 if (r == -EBUSY) {
4793 log_error_errno(r, "Directory tree %s is currently busy.", arg_directory);
4794 goto finish;
4795 }
4796 if (r < 0) {
4797 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to lock %s: %m", arg_directory);
4798 goto finish;
4799 }
4800
4801 if (arg_template) {
4802 r = chase_symlinks_and_update(&arg_template, 0);
4803 if (r < 0)
4804 goto finish;
4805
4806 r = btrfs_subvol_snapshot(arg_template, arg_directory,
4807 (arg_read_only ? BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY : 0) |
4808 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_COPY |
4809 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_DIRECTORY |
4810 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_IMMUTABLE |
4811 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_RECURSIVE |
4812 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_QUOTA);
4813 if (r == -EEXIST)
4814 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
4815 "Directory %s already exists, not populating from template %s.", arg_directory, arg_template);
4816 else if (r < 0) {
4817 log_error_errno(r, "Couldn't create snapshot %s from %s: %m", arg_directory, arg_template);
4818 goto finish;
4819 } else
4820 log_full(arg_quiet ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
4821 "Populated %s from template %s.", arg_directory, arg_template);
4822 }
4823 }
4824
4825 if (arg_start_mode == START_BOOT) {
4826 const char *p;
4827
4828 if (arg_pivot_root_new)
4829 p = prefix_roota(arg_directory, arg_pivot_root_new);
4830 else
4831 p = arg_directory;
4832
4833 if (path_is_os_tree(p) <= 0) {
4834 log_error("Directory %s doesn't look like an OS root directory (os-release file is missing). Refusing.", p);
4835 r = -EINVAL;
4836 goto finish;
4837 }
4838 } else {
4839 const char *p, *q;
4840
4841 if (arg_pivot_root_new)
4842 p = prefix_roota(arg_directory, arg_pivot_root_new);
4843 else
4844 p = arg_directory;
4845
4846 q = strjoina(p, "/usr/");
4847
4848 if (laccess(q, F_OK) < 0) {
4849 log_error("Directory %s doesn't look like it has an OS tree. Refusing.", p);
4850 r = -EINVAL;
4851 goto finish;
4852 }
4853 }
4854
4855 } else {
4856 assert(arg_image);
4857 assert(!arg_template);
4858
4859 r = chase_symlinks_and_update(&arg_image, 0);
4860 if (r < 0)
4861 goto finish;
4862
4863 if (arg_ephemeral) {
4864 _cleanup_free_ char *np = NULL;
4865
4866 r = tempfn_random(arg_image, "machine.", &np);
4867 if (r < 0) {
4868 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate name for image snapshot: %m");
4869 goto finish;
4870 }
4871
4872 r = image_path_lock(np, (arg_read_only ? LOCK_SH : LOCK_EX) | LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
4873 if (r < 0) {
4874 r = log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create image lock: %m");
4875 goto finish;
4876 }
4877
4878 r = copy_file(arg_image, np, O_EXCL, arg_read_only ? 0400 : 0600, FS_NOCOW_FL, FS_NOCOW_FL, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_CRTIME);
4879 if (r < 0) {
4880 r = log_error_errno(r, "Failed to copy image file: %m");
4881 goto finish;
4882 }
4883
4884 free_and_replace(arg_image, np);
4885
4886 remove_image = true;
4887 } else {
4888 r = image_path_lock(arg_image, (arg_read_only ? LOCK_SH : LOCK_EX) | LOCK_NB, &tree_global_lock, &tree_local_lock);
4889 if (r == -EBUSY) {
4890 r = log_error_errno(r, "Disk image %s is currently busy.", arg_image);
4891 goto finish;
4892 }
4893 if (r < 0) {
4894 r = log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create image lock: %m");
4895 goto finish;
4896 }
4897
4898 if (!arg_root_hash) {
4899 r = root_hash_load(arg_image, &arg_root_hash, &arg_root_hash_size);
4900 if (r < 0) {
4901 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to load root hash file for %s: %m", arg_image);
4902 goto finish;
4903 }
4904 }
4905 }
4906
4907 if (!mkdtemp(tmprootdir)) {
4908 r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create temporary directory: %m");
4909 goto finish;
4910 }
4911
4912 remove_tmprootdir = true;
4913
4914 arg_directory = strdup(tmprootdir);
4915 if (!arg_directory) {
4916 r = log_oom();
4917 goto finish;
4918 }
4919
4920 r = loop_device_make_by_path(arg_image, arg_read_only ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR, &loop);
4921 if (r < 0) {
4922 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set up loopback block device: %m");
4923 goto finish;
4924 }
4925
4926 r = dissect_image_and_warn(
4927 loop->fd,
4928 arg_image,
4929 arg_root_hash, arg_root_hash_size,
4930 DISSECT_IMAGE_REQUIRE_ROOT,
4931 &dissected_image);
4932 if (r == -ENOPKG) {
4933 /* dissected_image_and_warn() already printed a brief error message. Extend on that with more details */
4934 log_notice("Note that the disk image needs to\n"
4935 " a) either contain only a single MBR partition of type 0x83 that is marked bootable\n"
4936 " b) or contain a single GPT partition of type 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4\n"
4937 " c) or follow http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/DiscoverablePartitionsSpec/\n"
4938 " d) or contain a file system without a partition table\n"
4939 "in order to be bootable with systemd-nspawn.");
4940 goto finish;
4941 }
4942 if (r < 0)
4943 goto finish;
4944
4945 if (!arg_root_hash && dissected_image->can_verity)
4946 log_notice("Note: image %s contains verity information, but no root hash specified! Proceeding without integrity checking.", arg_image);
4947
4948 r = dissected_image_decrypt_interactively(dissected_image, NULL, arg_root_hash, arg_root_hash_size, 0, &decrypted_image);
4949 if (r < 0)
4950 goto finish;
4951
4952 /* Now that we mounted the image, let's try to remove it again, if it is ephemeral */
4953 if (remove_image && unlink(arg_image) >= 0)
4954 remove_image = false;
4955 }
4956
4957 r = custom_mount_prepare_all(arg_directory, arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts);
4958 if (r < 0)
4959 goto finish;
4960
4961 if (arg_console_mode < 0)
4962 arg_console_mode =
4963 isatty(STDIN_FILENO) > 0 &&
4964 isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0 ? CONSOLE_INTERACTIVE : CONSOLE_READ_ONLY;
4965
4966 if (arg_console_mode == CONSOLE_PIPE) /* if we pass STDERR on to the container, don't add our own logs into it too */
4967 arg_quiet = true;
4968
4969 if (!arg_quiet)
4970 log_info("Spawning container %s on %s.\nPress ^] three times within 1s to kill container.",
4971 arg_machine, arg_image ?: arg_directory);
4972
4973 assert_se(sigprocmask_many(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, SIGCHLD, SIGWINCH, SIGTERM, SIGINT, -1) >= 0);
4974
4975 if (prctl(PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER, 1, 0, 0, 0) < 0) {
4976 r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to become subreaper: %m");
4977 goto finish;
4978 }
4979
4980 for (;;) {
4981 r = run_container(dissected_image,
4982 secondary,
4983 fds,
4984 veth_name, &veth_created,
4985 &exposed, &master,
4986 &pid, &ret);
4987 if (r <= 0)
4988 break;
4989 }
4990
4991 finish:
4992 (void) sd_notify(false,
4993 r == 0 && ret == EXIT_FORCE_RESTART ? "STOPPING=1\nSTATUS=Restarting..." :
4994 "STOPPING=1\nSTATUS=Terminating...");
4995
4996 if (pid > 0)
4997 (void) kill(pid, SIGKILL);
4998
4999 /* Try to flush whatever is still queued in the pty */
5000 if (master >= 0) {
5001 (void) copy_bytes(master, STDOUT_FILENO, (uint64_t) -1, 0);
5002 master = safe_close(master);
5003 }
5004
5005 if (pid > 0)
5006 (void) wait_for_terminate(pid, NULL);
5007
5008 pager_close();
5009
5010 if (remove_directory && arg_directory) {
5011 int k;
5012
5013 k = rm_rf(arg_directory, REMOVE_ROOT|REMOVE_PHYSICAL|REMOVE_SUBVOLUME);
5014 if (k < 0)
5015 log_warning_errno(k, "Cannot remove '%s', ignoring: %m", arg_directory);
5016 }
5017
5018 if (remove_image && arg_image) {
5019 if (unlink(arg_image) < 0)
5020 log_warning_errno(errno, "Can't remove image file '%s', ignoring: %m", arg_image);
5021 }
5022
5023 if (remove_tmprootdir) {
5024 if (rmdir(tmprootdir) < 0)
5025 log_debug_errno(errno, "Can't remove temporary root directory '%s', ignoring: %m", tmprootdir);
5026 }
5027
5028 if (arg_machine) {
5029 const char *p;
5030
5031 p = strjoina("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate/", arg_machine);
5032 (void) rm_rf(p, REMOVE_ROOT);
5033 }
5034
5035 expose_port_flush(arg_expose_ports, &exposed);
5036
5037 if (veth_created)
5038 (void) remove_veth_links(veth_name, arg_network_veth_extra);
5039 (void) remove_bridge(arg_network_zone);
5040
5041 custom_mount_free_all(arg_custom_mounts, arg_n_custom_mounts);
5042 expose_port_free_all(arg_expose_ports);
5043 rlimit_free_all(arg_rlimit);
5044 device_node_array_free(arg_extra_nodes, arg_n_extra_nodes);
5045
5046 if (r < 0)
5047 return r;
5048
5049 return ret;
5050 }
5051
5052 DEFINE_MAIN_FUNCTION_WITH_POSITIVE_FAILURE(run);
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