matches apply to the same field, then they are automatically
matched as alternatives, i.e. the resulting output will show
entries matching any of the specified matches for the same
- field. Finally, the character <literal>+</literal> may appears
+ field. Finally, the character <literal>+</literal> may appear
as a separate word between other terms on the command line. This
causes all matches before and after to be combined in a
disjunction (i.e. logical OR).</para>
<literal>_KERNEL_DEVICE=</literal> match for the device.</para>
<para>Additional constraints may be added using options
- <option>--boot</option>, <option>--unit=</option>, etc, to
+ <option>--boot</option>, <option>--unit=</option>, etc., to
further limit what entries will be shown (logical AND).</para>
<para>Output is interleaved from all accessible journal files,
<option>-n1000</option> to guarantee that the pager will not
buffer logs of unbounded size. This may be overridden with
an explicit <option>-n</option> with some other numeric
- value while <option>-nall</option> will disable this cap.
+ value, while <option>-nall</option> will disable this cap.
Note that this option is only supported for the
<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>less</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
pager.</para></listitem>
<term><option>-q</option></term>
<term><option>--quiet</option></term>
- <listitem><para>Suppresses any warning messages regarding
+ <listitem><para>Suppresses all info messages
+ (i.e. "-- Logs begin at ...", "-- Reboot --"),
+ any warning messages regarding
inaccessible system journals when run as a normal
user.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<para>If the boot ID is omitted, a positive
<replaceable>offset</replaceable> will look up the boots
- starting from the beginning of the journal, and a
+ starting from the beginning of the journal, and an
equal-or-less-than zero <replaceable>offset</replaceable> will
look up boots starting from the end of the journal. Thus,
<constant>1</constant> means the first boot found in the
<replaceable>offset</replaceable> which identifies the boot
relative to the one given by boot
<replaceable>ID</replaceable>. Negative values mean earlier
- boots and a positive values mean later boots. If
+ boots and positive values mean later boots. If
<replaceable>offset</replaceable> is not specified, a value of
zero is assumed, and the logs for the boot given by
<replaceable>ID</replaceable> are shown.</para>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-t</option></term>
- <term><option>--identifier=<replaceable>SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER</replaceable>|<replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable></option></term>
+ <term><option>--identifier=<replaceable>SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER</replaceable></option></term>
<listitem><para>Show messages for the specified syslog
- identifier <replaceable>SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER</replaceable>, or
- for any of the messages with a
- <literal>SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER</literal> matched by
- <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>.</para>
+ identifier
+ <replaceable>SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER</replaceable>.</para>
<para>This parameter can be specified multiple
times.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Start showing entries from the location in the
journal <emphasis>after</emphasis> the location specified by
- the this cursor. The cursor is shown when the
+ the passed cursor. The cursor is shown when the
<option>--show-cursor</option> option is used.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
+ <term><option>-S</option></term>
<term><option>--since=</option></term>
+ <term><option>-U</option></term>
<term><option>--until=</option></term>
<listitem><para>Start showing entries on or newer than the
respectively. <literal>now</literal> refers to the current
time. Finally, relative times may be specified, prefixed with
<literal>-</literal> or <literal>+</literal>, referring to
- times before or after the current time, respectively.</para>
+ times before or after the current time, respectively. For complete
+ time and date specification, see
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.time</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
+ </para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--vacuum-size=</option></term>
<term><option>--vacuum-time=</option></term>
+ <term><option>--vacuum-files=</option></term>
<listitem><para>Removes archived journal files until the disk
space they use falls below the specified size (specified with
the usual <literal>K</literal>, <literal>M</literal>,
- <literal>G</literal>, <literal>T</literal> suffixes), or all
+ <literal>G</literal> and <literal>T</literal> suffixes), or all
journal files contain no data older than the specified
timespan (specified with the usual <literal>s</literal>,
<literal>min</literal>, <literal>h</literal>,
<literal>days</literal>, <literal>months</literal>,
- <literal>weeks</literal>, <literal>years</literal>
- suffixes). Note that running <option>--vacuum-size=</option>
- has only indirect effect on the output shown by
- <option>--disk-usage</option> as the latter includes active
- journal files, while the former only operates on archived
- journal files. <option>--vacuum-size=</option> and
- <option>--vacuum-time=</option> may be combined in a single
- invocation to enforce both a size and time limit on the
- archived journal files.</para></listitem>
+ <literal>weeks</literal> and <literal>years</literal> suffixes),
+ or no more than the specified number of separate journal files
+ remain. Note that running <option>--vacuum-size=</option> has
+ only an indirect effect on the output shown by
+ <option>--disk-usage</option>, as the latter includes active
+ journal files, while the vacuuming operation only operates
+ on archived journal files. Similarly,
+ <option>--vacuum-files=</option> might not actually reduce the
+ number of journal files to below the specified number, as it
+ will not remove active journal
+ files. <option>--vacuum-size=</option>,
+ <option>--vacuum-time=</option> and
+ <option>--vacuum-files=</option> may be combined in a single
+ invocation to enforce any combination of a size, a time and a
+ number of files limit on the archived journal
+ files. Specifying any of these three parameters as zero is
+ equivalent to not enforcing the specific limit, and is thus
+ redundant.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
the <option>--verify</option> operation.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>--sync</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Asks the journal daemon to write all yet
+ unwritten journal data to the backing file system and
+ synchronize all journals. This call does not return until the
+ synchronization operation is complete. This command guarantees
+ that any log messages written before its invocation are safely
+ stored on disk at the time it returns.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--flush</option></term>
- <listitem><para>Asks the Journal daemon to flush any log data
+ <listitem><para>Asks the journal daemon to flush any log data
stored in <filename>/run/log/journal</filename> into
- <filename>/var/log/journal</filename>, if persistent storage is
- enabled. This call does not return until the operation is
- complete.</para></listitem>
+ <filename>/var/log/journal</filename>, if persistent storage
+ is enabled. This call does not return until the operation is
+ complete. Note that this call is idempotent: the data is only
+ flushed from <filename>/run/log/journal</filename> into
+ <filename>/var/log/journal</filename> once during system
+ runtime, and this command exits cleanly without executing any
+ operation if this has already has happened. This command
+ effectively guarantees that all data is flushed to
+ <filename>/var/log/journal</filename> at the time it
+ returns.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>--rotate</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Asks the journal daemon to rotate journal
+ files. This call does not return until the rotation operation
+ is complete.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="help" />
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>coredumpctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.journal-fields</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>journald.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>journald.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.time</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
projects / thirdparty / systemd.git / blobdiff