udev: don't import parent ID_FS_ data on partitions

udev: don't import parent ID_FS_ data on partitions

When probing partitions, we inherit important information from the parent
disk device such as ID_MODEL, and usage of such properties is seen to
be acceptable and well established.

However, we need to exclude filesystem information from the properties
that get inherited. Information about the device content should not be
passed on in this way.

For example, Linux distro install media commonly uses an ISO filesystem
plus a partition table. The ISO filesystem is detected on the main disk
device, but we should not pass down those details to the partitions,
some or all of which may be pointing at storage areas completely distinct
from the ISO filesystem.

This is particularly problematic when adding new partitions on media
set up in this way (since the new partitions are then reported to contain
the parent device's ISO filesystem), or when dealing with more unusual
hybrid ISO layouts. The inaccuracy of information here inversely affects
users of blkid and udev's persistent storage symlinks.

Exclude ID_FS_* properties from the inheritance chain to avoid these
problems.

Fixes: #14408