machined: run clone operation asynchronously in the background

machined: run clone operation asynchronously in the background

Cloning an image can be slow, if the image is not on a btrfs subvolume, hence
let's make sure we do this asynchronously in a child process, so that machined
isn't blocked as long as we process the client request.

This adds a new, generic "Operation" object to machined, that is used to track
these kind of background processes.

This is inspired by the MachineOperation object that already exists to make
copy operations asynchronous. A later patch will rework the MachineOperation
logic to use the generic Operation instead.