Several updates to use more modern Debian packaging

Several updates to use more modern Debian packaging

Switch to Debian packaging features available in more
recent years to resolve some long-standing issues.

In particular, using the quilt format gives non-native
package builds finally, while keeping the ability for
developers to do upstream deb builds.  Also split the
binary-arch and binary-indep debian/rules targets as
is now mandated, and update to latest standard version.
Mark a bunch of long-resolved bugs as fixed in the deb
changelog so they are automatically closed by the next
update.

Signed-off-by: Nathan Scott <nathans@debian.org>
Reviewed-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@sandeen.net>