configure: in several places where support for -Wl,... linker flags are checked,...

configure: in several places where support for -Wl,... linker flags are checked, ensure that the check invokes the linker (not just the compiler) to avoid false positives. This allows us to remove the AIX-specific handling and --disable-rpath bits added in [a15e0f680], as well as make several similar checks more robust.

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