Fix omissions in providers/common/der/build.info

Fix omissions in providers/common/der/build.info

Dependencies on generated files must be declared explicitly.  When
refactoring the DER code in providers/common/der, a few of those
dependency declaration were omitted, which may lead to build errors in
a parallel build.

Some cleanup and extensive used of build.info variables is done while
at it, to avoid unnecessary repetition.

Reviewed-by: Tomas Mraz <tmraz@fedoraproject.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/11906)