fips: add lots of potentially missing ossl_prov_is_running checks

fips: add lots of potentially missing ossl_prov_is_running checks

After rudimentary analysis, it appears the below functions can
potentially produce output, whilst the provider is in error state.

These functions were detected using this method:

```
CFLAGS='-save-temps' ./Configure enable-fips --debug
make -j10
find . -name '*.i' | xargs git add -f
git grep --cached -p ossl_prov_is_running | grep libfips-lib > ossl_prov_is_running.txt
git grep --cached -p 'return' | grep  libfips-lib > return.txt
grep '\.i=' return.txt > func-with_return.txt
grep '\.i=' ossl_prov_is_running.txt > func-with-ossl_prov_is_running.txt
grep --fixed-strings --line-regexp --file=func-with-ossl_prov_is_running.txt return.txt > func-without-ossl_prov_is_running.txt
grep -e newctx -e initctx -e dupctx func-without-ossl_prov_is_running.txt  | grep -v ossl_prov_is_running
```

And from there doing manual inspection, as the list was short at that
point.

As in compile with keeping pre-processed source code; and use `git
grep --cached -p` to find these preprocessed files, and scan for calls
to return or opssl_prov_is_running, with function name printed. And
then exclude one from the other, to hopefully get a list of all the
functions that do not check for ossl_prov_is_running.

As number of functions without "func-without-ossl_prov_is_running"
check is large, I do wonder which other functions are "interesting" to
check for. I think I'm not scanning for _update functions
correctly. Any tips on improving above analysis will help with
maintaining such checks going forward.

Reviewed-by: Paul Dale <ppzgs1@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Tom Cosgrove <tom.cosgrove@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Matt Caswell <matt@openssl.org>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/25580)

(cherry picked from commit c262cc0c0444f617387adac3ed4cad9f05f9c526)