Jonathan raised this issue with CWG, and there seems to be general agreement
that a deduction guide generated from a constructor should have access to
the same names that the constructor has access to. That seems to be as easy
as setting DECL_CONTEXT.
gcc/cp/ChangeLog:
* pt.c (build_deduction_guide): Treat the implicit deduction guide
as a member of the class.
gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:
* g++.dg/cpp1z/class-deduction-access1.C: New test.
* g++.dg/cpp1z/class-deduction-access2.C: New test.