perf trace: Fix BPF loading failure (-E2BIG)

perf trace: Fix BPF loading failure (-E2BIG)

[ Upstream commit 013eb043f37bd87c4d60d51034401a5a6d105bcf ]

As reported by Namhyung Kim and acknowledged by Qiao Zhao (link:
https://lore.kernel.org/linux-perf-users/20241206001436.1947528-1-namhyung@kernel.org/),
on certain machines, perf trace failed to load the BPF program into the
kernel. The verifier runs perf trace's BPF program for up to 1 million
instructions, returning an E2BIG error, whereas the perf trace BPF
program should be much less complex than that. This patch aims to fix
the issue described above.

The E2BIG problem from clang-15 to clang-16 is cause by this line:
 } else if (size < 0 && size >= -6) { /* buffer */

Specifically this check: size < 0. seems like clang generates a cool
optimization to this sign check that breaks things.

Making 'size' s64, and use
 } else if ((int)size < 0 && size >= -6) { /* buffer */

Solves the problem. This is some Hogwarts magic.

And the unbounded access of clang-12 and clang-14 (clang-13 works this
time) is fixed by making variable 'aug_size' s64.

As for this:
-if (aug_size > TRACE_AUG_MAX_BUF)
-	aug_size = TRACE_AUG_MAX_BUF;
+aug_size = args->args[index] > TRACE_AUG_MAX_BUF ? TRACE_AUG_MAX_BUF : args->args[index];

This makes the BPF skel generated by clang-18 work. Yes, new clangs
introduce problems too.

Sorry, I only know that it works, but I don't know how it works. I'm not
an expert in the BPF verifier. I really hope this is not a kernel
version issue, as that would make the test case (kernel_nr) *
(clang_nr), a true horror story. I will test it on more kernel versions
in the future.

Fixes: 395d38419f18: ("perf trace augmented_raw_syscalls: Add more check s to pass the verifier")
Reported-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Howard Chu <howardchu95@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20241213023047.541218-1-howardchu95@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>