rust: sync: atomic: Add atomic {cmp,}xchg operations

rust: sync: atomic: Add atomic {cmp,}xchg operations

xchg() and cmpxchg() are basic operations on atomic. Provide these based
on C APIs.

Note that cmpxchg() use the similar function signature as
compare_exchange() in Rust std: returning a `Result`, `Ok(old)` means
the operation succeeds and `Err(old)` means the operation fails.

Signed-off-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Benno Lossin <lossin@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Elle Rhumsaa <elle@weathered-steel.dev>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250719030827.61357-6-boqun.feng@gmail.com/