path: refactor `repo_git_path()` family of functions

path: refactor `repo_git_path()` family of functions

As explained in an earlier commit, we're refactoring path-related
functions to provide a consistent interface for computing paths into the
commondir, gitdir and worktree. Refactor the "gitdir" family of
functions accordingly.

Note that the `repo_git_pathv()` function is converted into an internal
implementation detail. It is only used to implement `the_repository`
compatibility shims and will eventually be removed from the public
interface.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>