build: Fix a few gcc 13 issues

build: Fix a few gcc 13 issues

* gcc 13 is now catching when a function is declared as returning
  an enum but defined as returning an int or vice versa.  Fixed
  a few in app.h, loader.c, stasis_message.c.

* gcc 13 is also now (incorrectly) complaining of dangling pointers
  when assigning a pointer to a local char array to a char *. Had
  to change that to an ast_alloca.

Resolves: #155
(cherry picked from commit 6c8b23a68870a107a0ebe667b3b6337d1f0f6efe)