logger: Simplify ast_callid handling code.

logger: Simplify ast_callid handling code.

Routines responsible for managing ast_callid's are overly complicated.
This is left-over code from when ast_callid was an AO2 object.  Now that
it is an integer the code can be reduced.

ast_callid handler code no longer prints it's own error message upon failure
to allocate threadstorage as ast_calloc would have already printed a
message.  Debug messages that were printed when TEST_FRAMEWORK was
enabled have been also been removed.

Change-Id: I65a768a78dc6cf3cfa071e97f33ce3dce280258e