Properly format errnos in _json_c_strerror

Properly format errnos in _json_c_strerror

The function _json_c_strerror does not properly format unknown errnos.
The int to ascii loop ignores the leading digit if the number can be
divided by 10 and if an errno has been formatted, shorter errnos would
not properly terminate the newly created string, showing the ending
numbers of the previous output.

A test case has been added to show these effects.

Since this function has been introduced for tests, the effect of this on
real life code is basically non-existing. First an environment variable
has to be set to activate this strerror code and second an unknown errno
would have to be encountered.