sysupdate: keep database of installed files/patterns, and use to GC them (#42646)

Transfer files might come and go, components might be enabled and
disabled. Patterns might change. Let's keep track of what we install, so
that we can automatically gc everything no longer owned by any enabled
transfer.

diff --cc src/basic/string-util.c
Simple merge

diff --cc src/test/test-string-util.c
Simple merge