+++ /dev/null
-CWRU.chlog
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+ 4/9/2001
+ --------
+[bash-2.05 released]
+
+ 4/10
+ ----
+redir.c
+ - check return value of fclose() in write_here_document() for error
+ returns; don't just rely on fwrite() failing
+
+support/bashbug.sh
+ - set TMPDIR to /tmp if it's null or unset
+ - use $TMPDIR in the TEMP tempfile name template
+ - fixed the call to `mktemp', if it exists, to make it more portable
+
+jobs.c
+ - if WCONTINUED is not defined, define it to 0 and add a define for
+ WIFCONTINUED(wstatus) which expands to 0
+ - add WCONTINUED to the flags passed to waitpid(2) in waitchld()
+ - don't increment children_exited if waitpid's status is WIFCONTINUED,
+ since we don't want to call a SIGCHLD trap handler in this case
+ - in waitchld(), we set child->running to 1 if WIFCONTINUED(status)
+ is non-zero
+ - make sure pretty_print_job doesn't check for the core dump bit if
+ the process has been continued; it's only valid if the job is dead
+ - in set_job_status_and_cleanup, set the job to JRUNNING if job_state
+ is non-zero and the job was previously marked as JSTOPPED
+
+configure.in
+ - add -DBROKEN_DIRENT_D_INO to interix LOCAL_CFLAGS
+
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - if BROKEN_DIRENT_D_INO is defined, define REAL_DIR_ENTRY to 1
+
+jobs.c
+ - in kill_pid, we only need to block and unblock SIGCHLD if the
+ `group' argument is non-zero, since otherwise we just call `kill'
+ on the pid argument
+
+version.c
+ - update copyright date to 2001
+
+bashline.c
+ - prog_complete_return needs to take a `const char *' as its first
+ argument
+ - history_completion_generator needs to take a `const char *' as
+ its first argument, and `text' needs to be a `const char *'
+
+ 4/11
+ ----
+redir.c
+ - fixed a weird typo in redir_special_open, case RF_DEVFD, added
+ call to all_digits before call to legal_number
+ - fixed do_redirection_internal to call legal_number instead of atol(3)
+ when translating r_duplicating_{in,out}put_word, so it handles
+ overflow better
+ - produce an error message in redirection_error for out-of-range
+ file descriptors
+ - change allocation strategy in redirection_error so we don't have to
+ malloc scratch memory if redirection_expand() fails
+
+jobs.h
+ - added defines for `running' member of a struct process
+
+general.c
+ - fix legal_number to return 0 when strtol(3) reports overflow or
+ underflow
+
+parse.y
+ - changed read_token_word to call legal_number instead of atoi(3)
+
+input.c
+ - return -1/EBADF from close_buffered_fd if fd is < 0
+
+command.h
+ - fixed bogus comment about IS_DESCRIPTOR in description of the
+ REDIRECTEE struct
+
+print_cmd.c
+ - change cprintf's 'd' modifier code to display negative numbers as
+ an out-of-range value. We can do this only because the only use
+ of %d is to output file descriptor numbers in redirections
+
+support/mksignames.c
+ - need to include config.h to get a possible value for
+ UNUSABLE_RT_SIGNALS
+
+ 4/16
+ ----
+lib/readline/doc/rluser.texinfo
+ - corrected a small error in one description of M-DEL
+
+ 4/17
+ ----
+stringlib.c
+ - need to initialize `ind' before calls to RESIZE_MALLOCED_BUFFER
+ in strcreplace()
+
+support/bashversion.c
+ - new file, prints bash version information
+
+Makefile.in
+ - rules for building bashversion and linking it to version.o
+
+ 4/24
+ ----
+conftypes.h
+ - new file with HOSTTYPE, OSTYPE, MACHTYPE, etc. defines from
+ variables.h
+
+variables.h, version.c
+ - include conftypes.h
+
+patchlevel.h
+ - new file, contains define for PATCHLEVEL. Doing away with the old
+ scheme of having the information in configure.in
+
+version.c
+ - include patchlevel.h
+
+Makefile.in
+ - run bashversion -p to find patch level rather than have configure
+ substitute in a value
+ - pass -S ${top_srcdir} to support/mkversion.sh
+
+support/mkversion.sh
+ - don't put PATCHLEVEL define into version.h, but accept and ignore
+ a -p option
+ - take a new -S srcdir option
+ - find the patch level by parsing it out of patchlevel.h
+
+configure.in
+ - hard-code BASHVERS assignment instead of reading it from a file
+ - remove BASHPATCH; don't substitute it
+
+_distribution,_patchlevel
+ - removed
+
+ 4/26
+ ----
+shell.c
+ - call init_noninteractive() in open_shell_script if forced_interactive
+ is non-zero (the shell was started with -i) and fd_is_tty is 0
+ (the script file is a real file, not something like /dev/stdin),
+ since it wasn't done earlier
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - change for POSIX.2 compliance when conversion errors are encountered
+ when processing %d, %u, and floating point conversion operators
+ (print a warning message, return the value accumulated at the time
+ of the error -- which is always 0 -- and exit with a non-zero status)
+
+command.h
+ - added CMD_COMMAND_BUILTIN for use by the `command' builtin and the
+ code in execute_cmd.c
+
+builtins/command.def
+ - add CMD_COMMAND_BUILTIN to the created command's flags
+
+ 5/1
+ ---
+configure.in
+ - add call to AC_C_CONST to test `const' compiler behavior
+ - add call to AC_C_INLINE to test `inline' compiler behavior
+ - add call to AC_C_STRINGIZE to test cpp #x stringizing operator
+
+config.h.in
+ - add `#undef const' for configure to substitute
+ - add `#undef inline' for configure to substitute
+ - add `#undef HAVE_STRINGIZE' for configure to substitute
+
+include/stdc.h
+ - remove code that defines or undefines `const' and `inline'
+ - change the __STRING macro to be defined depending on the value
+ of HAVE_STRINGIZE
+
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - change the __STRING macro to be defined depending on the value
+ of HAVE_STRINGIZE
+
+lib/readline/{readline,rlprivate}.h
+ - moved rl_get_termcap to readline.h, making it a public function
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - new #define, RL_READLINE_VERSION, hex-encoded library version
+ number, currently set to 0x0402
+ - new public int variable, rl_readline_version
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - #define RL_READLINE_VERSION if it is not already defined (which it
+ should be in readline.h)
+ - initialize rl_readline_version to RL_READLINE_VERSION
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texinfo
+ - documented rl_get_termcap
+ - documented rl_readline_version
+
+jobs.c
+ - job_exit_status should return an int, not a WAIT (undetected
+ before because on most POSIX-like systems a WAIT is really an int)
+
+builtins/evalfile.c
+ - added FEVAL_REGFILE (file must be a regular file) to accepted
+ _evalfile flags
+ - fc_execute_file() adds FEVAL_REGFILE to _evalfile flags. This
+ means that startup files and files read with `.' no longer need
+ to be regular files
+
+ 5/2
+ ---
+
+lib/termcap/Makefile.in
+ - fix target for installed termcap library (normally unused)
+
+lib/tilde/Makefile.in
+ - fix install target to install in $(libdir) (normally unused)
+
+Makefile.in
+ - don't make $(man3dir) since there's nothing installed there
+
+Makefile.in,doc/Makefile.in
+ - change `man1ext' to `.1', `man3ext' to `.3'
+ - change appropriate install targets to use new values of man[13]ext
+ - use `test ...' instead of `[...]'
+ - add support for DESTDIR root installation prefix, for package
+ building (installdirs, install, install-strip, uninstall targets)
+
+builtins/common.c
+ - new function int get_exitstat(WORD_LIST *list) returns an eight-bit
+ exit status value for use in return, exit, logout builtins
+
+builtins/common.h
+ - extern declaration for get_exitstat()
+
+builtins/{exit,return}.def
+ - call get_exitstat where appropriate
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - add support for "'" flag character as posix 1003.2-200x d6 says
+ - fix core dump when user-supplied field width or precision is 0
+ - fix to printstr() to handle zero-length precision with `%b' format
+ specifier (printf '%.0b-%.0s\n' foo bar)
+ - fix to printstr() to treat a negative field width as a positive
+ field width with left-justification
+ - fix to mklong to avoid static buffers, which can always be overrun
+ by someone sufficiently motivated
+
+bashline.c
+ - change var in add_host_name to type `size_t' for passing to xrealloc
+
+ 5/3
+ ---
+execute_cmd.c
+ - change restore_signal_mask to accept a sigset_t *, since a sigset_t
+ may not fit into a pointer, change call
+
+unwind_prot.c
+ - use a union UWP in restore_variable when restoring a variable whose
+ size is the same as sizeof(int), the reverse of the method used to
+ store it in unwind_protect_int
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - use a #define LENMODS containing the length modifiers instead of
+ testing against each possible modifier character, save any mod
+ character found
+ - add support for ISO C99 length specifiers `j', `t', and `z'
+ - if `L' modifier is supplied with a floating point conversion char,
+ pass a `long double' to printf if HAVE_LONG_DOUBLE is defined
+
+configure.in,config.h.in
+ - call AC_C_LONG_DOUBLE to check for `long double'; define
+ HAVE_LONG_DOUBLE if supported
+
+bashline.c
+ - fix an inadvertantly-unclosed comment in attempt_shell_completion
+ - make set_saved_history return a value
+ - make dynamic_complete_history return a useful value
+
+{make_cmd,execute_cmd,shell,subst,trap,variables,input,unwind_prot,test,
+pcomplete}.c
+ - removed some declared-but-unused variables
+
+builtins/{cd,enable,fc,set,setattr,type,umask,printf,complete}.def
+ - removed some declared-but-unused variables
+
+lib/sh/{zread,netopen}.c
+ - removed some declared-but-unused variables
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - in execute_arith_command, use a long variable to hold the result
+ of evalexp(), since that's what it returns
+
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - make cat_file return -1 on a read or write error
+
+lib/sh/stringlib.c
+ - make merge_stringlists() return the right value
+
+ 5/7
+ ---
+pcomplete.c
+ - remove typo that caused empty declaration (;;)
+
+parse.y
+ - fix yyerror() to accept a single string argument; fix callers
+
+trap.c
+ - cast pointer to long instead of int when printing message with
+ internal_warning() in run_pending_traps()
+
+subst.c
+ - fix process_substitute to handle stdin being closed
+
+test.c
+ - change `while' to `if' in and() and or(), since the loop isn't
+ actually performed -- there's an unconditional `return' in the
+ loop body
+ - check for integer overflow of arguments to `-t'
+
+lib/sh/netopen.c
+ - change _getserv() to reject negative port/service numbers
+
+expr.c
+ - fix strlong() to not convert the base specification from long to
+ int before checking for overflow, since truncation on machines
+ where sizeof(int) != sizeof(long) may mask errors
+
+builtins/{jobs,kill,wait}.def
+ - use legal_number instead of atoi when converting strings to pid_t;
+ check for numeric overflow
+
+input.c
+ - fix for cygwin in b_fill_buffer -- off-by-one error when checking
+ buffer for \r\n termination
+
+general.h
+ - new #define INT_STRLEN_BOUND(t), computes max length of string
+ representing integer value of type T, possibly including a sign
+ character
+ - include <limits.h> if it's present
+
+{execute_cmd,findcmd,test}.c
+ - don't include <limits.h>, since general.h does it now
+
+{execute_cmd,lib/sh/itos,pcomplete,print_cmd,subst,variables}.c
+ - use INT_STRLEN_BOUND instead of static array sizes when converting
+ various strings to integer values
+
+shell.h
+ - struct fd_bitmap now uses an `int' size, since it's bounded by
+ the number of file descriptors, which must fit into an `int'
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - FD_BITMAP_DEFAULT_SIZE is now 32, not 32L
+ - new_fd_bitmap takes an `int' size parameter, not a `long'
+
+execute_cmd.h
+ - change prototype for new_fd_bitmap()
+
+test.c
+ - fix test_stat to check for overflow when parsing the integer file
+ descriptor number; return ENOENT instead of EBADF for files that
+ are not open
+
+hashlib.c
+ - don't discard the upper 32 bits of the random value, if present
+
+lib/readline/shell.c
+ - use the same INT_STRLEN_BOUND mechanism to decide how much space to
+ allocated in sh_set_lines_and_columns
+
+ 5/8
+ ---
+aclocal.m4
+ - add check for libtinfo (termcap-specific portion of ncurses-5.2) to
+ BASH_CHECK_LIB_TERMCAP
+ - new macro, RL_LIB_READLINE_VERSION, checks version of installed
+ readline library and (optionally) writes version #defines to
+ config.h. Bash doesn't use the version defines
+
+configure.in
+ - call RL_LIB_READLINE_VERSION instead of support/rlvers.sh
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - fix execute_shell_script and the WHITECHAR and STRINGCHAR macros
+ to check array bounds before indexing into the sample string
+
+unwind_prot.[ch]
+ - import new versions submitted by Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>
+ with a couple of changes for backwards compatibility, so the rest
+ of the source doesn't need to be changed yet
+
+jobs.c
+ - use unwind_protect_var on last_made_pid in run_sigchld_trap
+
+builtins/bind.def
+ - use unwind_protect_var on rl_outstream
+
+general.c
+ - rework print_rlimtype to use INT_STRLEN_BOUND and handle the
+ most negative number correctly
+
+expr.c
+ - `tokval' should have been a `long', since all arithmetic is done
+ as longs
+
+builtins/history.def
+ - consolidate tests for valid history position in one block to
+ avoid duplicate code and strings
+
+builtins/ulimit.def
+ - fix check for overflow when setting limit to work when int is 32
+ bits and RLIMTYPE is 64
+
+lib/sh/tmpfile.c
+ - don't truncate the result of time(3) to int; just use time_t,
+ since it's being assigned to an `unsigned long'
+
+mailcheck.c
+ - use legal_number instead of atoi in time_to_check_mail() to catch
+ more numeric errors; consolidate error checking in one block
+ - last_time_mail_checked should be a time_t
+
+ 5/9
+ ---
+builtins/set.def
+ - recognize `set [-+]o nolog' if HISTORY is defined
+
+bashline.c
+ - new variable `dont_save_function_defs', set by `set -o nolog';
+ currently ignored
+
+command.h
+ - the `dest' member of a REDIRECTEE is now an `int'
+
+parse.y,redir.c
+ - changed uses of `redir.test' (where redir is a REDIRECTEE) since
+ it's now an int
+
+lib/readline/rlstdc.h
+ - don't mess around with `const', rely on configure to supply a
+ proper definition if the compiler doesn't support it
+
+lib/tilde/tilde.h
+ - include <config.h> if HAVE_CONFIG_H is defined
+ - don't mess around with `const', rely on configure
+
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - new read-only `shopt' option, login_shell, non-zero if shell is a
+ login shell (as decided by shell.c)
+ - new function set_login_shell(), sets shopt private value of
+ login_shell
+
+builtins/common.h
+ - new extern declaration for set_login_shell
+
+shell.c
+ - call set_login_shell after setting value of login_shell (in
+ main() and set_shell_name())
+
+parse.y
+ - added new `\A' prompt string escape sequence: time in 24-hour
+ HH:MM format
+
+configure.in, config.h.in
+ - check for <grp.h>, define HAVE_GRP_H if found
+
+builtins/complete.def
+ - add new `-A group/-g' option to complete group names
+
+pcomplete.h
+ - new define for CA_GROUP, used with group name completion
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - add code to support CA_GROUP group name completion
+
+bashline.c
+ - new function, bash_groupname_completion_function(), supports
+ programmable completion of group names
+
+bashline.h
+ - extern declaration for bash_groupname_completion_function
+
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - new inputrc variable, `match-hidden-files', controls completion
+ matching files beginning with a `.' (on Unix)
+
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - new variable, _rl_match_hidden_files, mirrors `match-hidden-files'
+ inputrc variable
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - extern declaration for _rl_match_hidden_files
+
+builtins/hash.def
+ - new `-t' option to list hash values for each filename argument
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - alarm(3) takes an `unsigned int' argument, not int
+ - check for arithmetic overflow with -t and -n options
+
+input.c
+ - check for read error before doing \r\n translation on cygwin in
+ b_fill_buffer
+ - reset bp->b_used to 0 instead of leaving it at -1 on read error
+ in b_fill_buffer
+
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - new functions, shopt_setopt(name, mode) and
+ shopt_listopt(name, mode) to give the rest of the shell an easy
+ interface
+
+builtins/common.h
+ - extern declarations for shopt_setopt and shopt_listopt
+
+shell.c
+ - new invocation options -O and +O, to list or set/unset shopt
+ options like +o/-o sets and unsets `set -o' options
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document `set -o nolog'
+ - document `login_shell' shopt option
+ - document new `\A' prompt string escape sequence
+ - document new `-t' option to `hash'
+ - document new `[+-]O' invocation option
+
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - add text to `Invoking Bash' section defining a login shell; text
+ taken from man page
+
+doc/bash.1, lib/readline/doc/rluser.texinfo
+ - documented new complete/compgen `-A group/-g' option
+
+lib/readline/doc/{rluser.texinfo,readline.3}, doc/bash.1
+ - documented new `match-hidden-files' inputrc variable
+
+ 5/10
+ ----
+configure.in
+ - fix AC_CHECK_PROG(ar, ...)
+ - add AC_CHECK_TYPE for ssize_t
+
+config.h.in
+ - new #undef for ssize_t
+
+lib/sh/zread.c
+ - int -> ssize_t fixes to mirror modern declarations of read and write
+ - the `off' variable in zsyncfd should be an off_t since it computes
+ a file offset
+ - the local buffer `lbuf' is now char, since it's not nice to pass
+ unsigned char * to read(2), and the values from it are assigned to
+ a char anyway
+ - lind and lused are now size_t, since they index into a buffer
+ - set lused to 0 on read error
+
+lib/sh/zwrite.c
+ - change second argument to type `char *', since ISO C says you have
+ to pass a `char *' to `write'
+
+externs.h
+ - fix extern declarations of zread, zread1, zreadc, and zwrite
+ - prototype extern declaration of qsort_string_compare
+ - add extern declaration for history_delimiting_chars() from parse.y
+
+input.h
+ - b_used and b_inputp members ofr struct BSTREAM are now size_t
+
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - the number of chars read with zread in cat_file should be assigned
+ to a variable of type ssize_t
+
+input.c
+ - the number of chars read with zread in b_fill_buffer should be
+ assigned to a variable of type ssize_t
+ - `localbuf' is now type char[], since POSIX says you shouldn't pass
+ unsigned char * to read(2)
+ - in getc_with_restart(), use a variable of type unsigned char to
+ get a value from the local buffer and return it
+ - in ungetc_with_restart, explicitly return the character arg passed
+ to avoid relying on localbuf being unsigned char
+
+subst.c
+ - the number of chars read with zread in read_comsub should be
+ assigned to a variable of type ssize_t
+
+mksyntax.c
+ - instead of casting to unsigned char * in addcstr, use a variable
+ of type unsigned char and let the compiler do the work
+
+parse.y
+ - instead of casting to unsigned char * in yy_readline_get, use a
+ variable of type unsigned char and let the compiler do the work
+ - ditto for yy_string_get and shell_getc (cast to unsigned char)
+
+subst.c
+ - instead of casting to unsigned char when assigning to ifscmap in
+ expand_word_internal, use a variable of type unsigned char and
+ let the compiler do the work
+
+lib/sh/strtrans.c
+ - instead of casting to unsigned char in ansic_quote, use a variable
+ of type unsigned char and let the compiler do the work
+
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - remove extern declarations for zwrite and run_trap_cleanup; they're
+ in externs.h
+ - prototype cat_file forward declaration
+
+Makefile.in
+ - remove -I$(includedir) from INCLUDES and SUBDIR_INCLUDES
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - change RL_LIB_READLINE_VERSION to set RL_PREFIX, RL_LIBDIR,
+ and RL_INCLUDEDIR to what it used to test the installed readline
+ library version for use by the caller
+ - change RL_LIB_READLINE_VERSION to not compute ac_cv_rl_prefix if
+ the caller has already assigned it a value
+ - rename _rl_prefix -> ac_cv_rl_prefix, _rl_libdir -> ac_cv_rl_libdir,
+ _rl_includedir -> ac_cv_rl_includedir
+
+configure.in
+ - change testing of whether to use the value of
+ $opt_with_installed_readline to be != no, to allow the user to
+ specify a prefix where the installed readline library may be found
+ - if --with-installed-readline=PREFIX is supplied, set ac_cv_rl_prefix
+ to PREFIX before calling RL_LIB_READLINE_VERSION
+ - if --with-installed-readline[=PREFIX] is supplied, don't set
+ RL_LIBDIR and RL_INCLUDEDIR; let RL_LIB_READLINE_VERSION take care
+ of it, set RL_INCLUDE=-I${RL_INCLUDEDIR}
+ - if --with-installed-readline[=PREFIX] is supplied, and we're
+ linking with the history library, assign $RL_LIBDIR to HIST_LIBDIR
+ so we use the same version of the installed readline and history
+ libraries
+
+Makefile.in, builtins/Makefile.in
+ - have configure substitute RL_INCLUDEDIR, set RL_INCLUDEDIR variable
+
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - updated description of --with-installed-readline configure option
+
+general.c
+ - moved QSFUNC typedef here from builtins/common.c
+
+{alias,bashline,variables,lib/sh/stringvec}.c
+ - cast fourth argument to qsort to (QSFUNC *)
+
+alias.c
+ - prototype forward declaration of qsort_alias_compare
+
+bashhist.c
+ - include <glob/glob.h> for extern declaration of glob_pattern_p
+ - remove extern declaration of history_delimiting_chars; it's now
+ in externs.h
+ - prototype forward declarations of histignore_item_func,
+ maybe_add_history, and bash_add_history
+
+bracecomp.c
+ - remove extern declaration for sh_backslash_quote; it's in externs.h
+
+braces.c
+ - remove extern declaration for extract_command_subst; it's in subst.h
+ - prototype forward declarations for expand_amble, array_concat, and
+ brace_gobbler
+
+error.c
+ - prototype extern declaration of give_terminal_to, fix bad call
+
+{execute_cmd,expr,findcmd,jobs,mailcheck,nojobs,pcomplete,print_cmd,redir,
+shell}.c
+ - prototype all static forward function declarations
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - changed some function parameters to `const char *' to avoid discarding
+ const qualifier
+
+make_cmd.c
+ - make_bare_word, make_word_flags, and make_word now take a
+ `const char *' string argument
+
+make_cmd.h
+ - changed extern declarations for make_bare_word and make_word
+
+print_cmd.c
+ - cprintf now takes a `const char *' as its first argument, like
+ xprintf and printf
+ - the conditional define for xprintf should have been HAVE_VPRINTF,
+ not HAVE_VFPRINTF
+
+shell.c
+ - in isnetconn(), the return value of sizeof() is size_t
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - add inclusion of stddef.h if STDC_HEADERS is defined to 1 in
+ BASH_CHECK_TYPE
+
+configure.in
+ - add a call to BASH_CHECK_TYPE for socklen_t (type of third argument
+ to getpeername(2))
+
+ 5/11
+ ----
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - make `useq' a char array to pass to rl_macro_bind in
+ rl_parse_and_bind
+
+lib/readline/{{bind,isearch}.c,rlprivate.h}
+ - _rl_isearch_terminators is now a char *, not unsigned char *
+
+{subst,variables,lib/sh/tmpfile}.c
+ - dollar_dollar_pid is now a `pid_t' instead of `int'
+
+variables.c
+ - sbrand() now takes an `unsigned long' to set the seed value
+ - changed last_random_value to type int, since it's always between
+ 0 and 32767
+ - use strtoul to convert the value in assign_random instead of atoi
+ - take out casts in any arguments to sbrand()
+ - take out cast to int in call to inttostr in set_ppid()
+
+subst.c
+ - don't cast last_asynchronous_pid when passing to itos()
+
+{sig,subst}.c
+ - prototype all static forward function declarations
+
+ 5/14
+ ----
+{test,trap,variables}.c
+ - prototype all static forward function declarations
+
+variables.c
+ - free_variable_hash_data() now takes a PTR_T, a `generic pointer'
+
+builtins/{alias,bind,break,cd,complete,declare,enable,exit,fc,fg_bg,help,
+history,jobs,pushd,read,set,trap,umask,
+ - prototype all static forward function declarations
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - reset_eol_delim now takes a `char *' arg, since that's what the
+ unwind_protect functions pass it, and it ignores its arguments
+ anyway
+
+lib/readline/{histsearch,input,kill,rltty,search,vi_mode}.c
+ - prototype all static forward function declarations
+
+lib/tilde/tilde.c
+ - prototype all static forward function declarations
+ - tilde_find_prefix, tilde_find_suffix, isolate_tilde_prefix, and
+ glue_prefix_and_suffix now take `const char *' arguments where
+ appropriate
+
+configure.in,config.h.in
+ - check for vsnprintf, define HAVE_VSNPRINTF if found
+
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - use vsnprintf() in rl_message if it's available; if we don't, at
+ least set the last character in msg_buf to 0 to avoid overrun --
+ we really can't do anything about overflow at this point. if it's
+ available, this fixes buffer overflow problems in rl_message
+
+ 5/15
+ ----
+lib/readline/histexpand.c
+ - in get_history_word_specifier, allow any character to terminate
+ a `:first-' modifier, not just `:' and null. This is what csh
+ appears to do. This allows things like `!:0- xyzzy' to replace the
+ last argument with xyzzy
+
+ 5/18
+ ----
+configure.in, config.h.in
+ - check for <stdint.h>, define HAVE_STDINT_H if found
+ - check for intmax_t in <stdint.h>, define intmax_t as long if not
+ found
+
+ 5/21
+ ----
+builtins/kill.def
+ - change to use strerror() for error message when kill(2) fails
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - new macro, BASH_C_LONG_LONG, check for `long long'
+
+configure.in, config.h.in
+ - call BASH_C_LONG_LONG, define HAVE_LONG_LONG if found
+
+lib/sh/snprintf.c
+ - new file, with implementations of snprintf, vsnprintf, asprintf,
+ and vasprintf, derived from inetutils version
+
+Makefile.in, lib/sh/Makefile.in
+ - add snprintf.c/snprintf.o
+
+configure.in, config.h.in
+ - add checks for snprintf, asprintf, vasprintf, with appropriate
+ cpp defines
+
+lib/readline/{rldefs,xmalloc}.h, lib/readline/xmalloc.c
+ - xmalloc and xrealloc now take `size_t' arguments, like their bash
+ counterparts
+
+externs.h,lib/sh/itos.c
+ - inttostr and itos now take `long' arguments
+ - inttostr takes a `size_t' argument for the buffer size
+
+{expr,lib/malloc/malloc,variables,general}.c
+ - fixed calls to itos() by removing casts, etc.
+
+subst.[ch]
+ - get_dollar_var_value now takes a long, not an int
+ - sub_append_number now takes a long, not an int
+
+subst.c
+ - in parameter_brace_expand_word, use a long and legal_number to
+ translate ${N}, to avoid overflow
+ - in parameter_brace_expand_length, use a long and legal_number to
+ translate ${#N}, to avoid overflow
+ - in do_array_element_assignment, array_expand_index,
+ array_value_internal, use arrayind_t instead of int
+ - let verify_substring_values take long * arguments for the return
+ value of evalexp()
+ - pass long * arguments to verify_substring_values in
+ parameter_brace_substring
+ - parameter_brace_expand_length now returns `long'
+ - parameter_brace_expand now uses a long variable for the return
+ value of parameter_brace_expand_length
+ - param_expand now uses a long variable for the return value from
+ evalexp
+ - array_length reference now returns an `arrayind_t', since it can
+ return the num_elements member of an array, which is of type
+ arrayind_t
+
+subst.h
+ - array_expand_index now returns an `arrayind_t'
+
+array.[ch]
+ - array_subrange now takes arrayind_t arguments, not `int'
+ - dup_array_subrange now uses arrayind_t local variable to do
+ array indexing
+ - use long to print array indices in print_element
+
+variables.c
+ - null_array_assign, assign_dirstack, bind_array_variable
+ now take arrayind_t arguments as array indices
+ - assign_array_var_from_word_list, assign_array_var_from_string,
+ unbind_array_element now use arrayind_t local variables for
+ array indexing
+
+variables.h
+ - change extern declaration of bind_array_variable
+
+builtins/common.[ch]
+ - get_numeric_arg now returns a `long', since it usually returns
+ the value of legal_number()
+
+builtins/{shift,break}.def
+ - use long variables for the return value of get_numeric_arg
+
+builtins/history.def
+ - convert string argument to int only if it's in range
+
+builtins/pushd.def
+ - set_dirstack_element and get_dirstack_element now take `long'
+ index arguments
+ - get_dirstack_index now takes a `long' index argument, since it's
+ passed the converted value from legal_number
+
+lib/sh/timeval.c
+ - in print_timeval, don't assume that the number of minutes fits into
+ an int, since it's just seconds/60.
+
+lib/sh/clock.c
+ - ditto for print_clock_t
+
+ 5/22
+ ----
+shell.c
+ - since the -O option settings may possibly be overridden by the
+ normal shell initialization or posix initialization, save the
+ invocation options on an alist (with add_shopt_to_alist) and
+ process them after basic initialization (with run_shopt_alist)
+
+ 5/23
+ ----
+trap.h
+ - new define, BASH_NSIG, all system signals plus special bash traps
+
+trap.c, builtins/trap.def
+ - use BASH_NSIG for array bounds and loops where appropriate
+
+trap.c
+ - change decode_signal to disallow numeric signal numbers above
+ NSIG -- this means you can only reference special traps like
+ DEBUG by name
+ - new SPECIAL_TRAP(s) macro to test whether s is one of the special
+ bash traps (currently DEBUG and EXIT)
+ - change reset_or_restore_signal_handlers so command substitution
+ doesn't inherit the debug trap (like ksh93), and child processes
+ don't have to rely on initialize_traps being run to get rid of
+ any debug trap
+
+support/mksignames.c
+ - add extra "ERR" signal name, value NSIG+1, allocate space for it
+ and write it out in signal_names[]
+
+trap.h
+ - new define: ERROR_TRAP == NSIG+1, change BASH_NSIG to NSIG+2
+ - extern declarations for set_error_trap, run_error_trap
+ - new define: TRAP_STRING(s), expands to trap_list[s] if signal S
+ is trapped and not ignored, NULL otherwise
+
+trap.c
+ - add ERROR_TRAP to SPECIAL_TRAPS define
+ - initialize ERROR_TRAP stuff in initialize_traps
+ - new function: set_error_trap(command), sets the ERR trap string
+ - new function: run_error_trap(command), runs the ERR trap string
+ - set trap string for ERROR_TRAP to NULL in free_trap_strings
+ - change reset_or_restore_signal_handlers so child processes don't
+ inherit the ERR trap
+ - add case to call run_error_trap in maybe_call_trap_handler
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - in execute_command_internal, keep track of ERR trap and call it if
+ necessary
+ - use TRAP_STRING to get the value of debug and error traps
+ - in execute_function, arrange things so the ERR trap is not inherited
+ by shell functions, and is saved and restored like the DEBUG trap
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - documented new ERR trap
+
+tests/{trap.{tests,right},trap2.sub,trap2a.sub}
+ - added ERR trap tests
+
+subst.c
+ - on machines without /dev/fd, change the named pipe fifo list to a
+ list of structs containing pathname and proc information
+ - change unlink_fifo_list to kill the proc in the fifo list with
+ signal 0 and not remove the fifo if the proc is still alive. This
+ should fix the problem on those backward systems without /dev/fd
+ where fifos were removed when a job using process substitution was
+ suspended
+
+ 5/24
+ ----
+examples/loadables/getconf.h
+ - new file, with basic defines needed to make getconf work minimally
+ on POSIX systems without the necessary definitions
+
+examples/loadables/getconf.c
+ - replacement functions for confstr, sysconf, pathconf for systems
+ that lack them, providing a minimal posix interface
+ - heavily augmented getconf, now supports all POSIX.1-200x,
+ POSIX.2-200x, Solaris 7, AIX 4.2 getconf variables
+
+ 5/29
+ ----
+builtins/setattr.def
+ - make `readonly', `export', and `declare' print `invisible' variables
+ as just a command and variable name, without a value, when listing
+ all variables (as POSIX.2-200x d6 requires)
+
+ 5/30
+ ----
+
+configure.in
+ - upgraded to autoconf-2.50 on main development machine, so require
+ autoconf-2.50 in preparation for using some if its new features
+ - call AC_C_PROTOTYPES
+ - remove call to AC_EXEEXT, which now does the wrong thing
+ - changed AC_INIT to new flavor
+ - added call to AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR
+ - AC_CONFIG_HEADER -> AC_CONFIG_HEADERS
+ - AC_RETSIGTYPE -> AC_TYPE_SIGNAL
+
+configure.in, aclocal.m4, config.h.in
+ - removed call to BASH_LARGE_FILE_SUPPORT, use AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
+ standard support, with new macros _FILE_OFFSET_BITS and
+ _LARGE_FILES
+ - removed definition of BASH_LARGE_FILE_SUPPORT
+
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - document new `--enable-largefile' configure option
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - change rl_set_prompt to call rl_expand_prompt unconditionally, so
+ local_prompt and local_prompt_prefix get set correctly
+
+ 6/6
+ ---
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - don't append `/' or ` ' to a match when completing a symlink that
+ resolves to a directory, unless the match doesn't add anything
+ to the word. This means that a tab will complete the word up to
+ the full name, but not add anything, and a subsequent tab will add
+ a slash. Change to append_to_match; callers changed
+
+hashlib.c
+ - new function, hash_table_nentries (table), returns the number of
+ items in TABLE
+
+hashlib.h
+ - extern declaration for hash_table_nentries
+
+configure.in
+ - configure without bash malloc on openbsd; they claim it needs
+ eight-bit alignment (which the bash malloc provides, but...)
+
+ 7/2
+ ---
+stringlib.c
+ - only call RESIZE_MALLOCED_BUFFER from strsub() if the replacement
+ string length is > 0, avoid possible hangs if replacement is null
+
+subst.c
+ - don't include input.h; no longer needed
+
+configure.in
+ - remove calls to AC_SYS_RESTARTABLE_SYSCALLS and
+ BASH_SYS_RESTARTABLE_SYSCALLS; the results are no longer used
+
+config.h.in
+ - remove define for HAVE_RESTARTABLE_SYSCALLS
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - removed definition of BASH_SYS_RESTARTABLE_SYSCALLS; no longer used
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - changed select command so `return' no longer terminates the select
+ command, so it can be used to return from an enclosing function.
+ This is as ksh (88 and 93) does it
+
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - fix trivial typo in declaration of vi_motion; `t' appears twice;
+ the second instance should be `T'
+
+ 7/3
+ ---
+configure.in
+ - don't add -static to LDFLAGS on Solaris 2.x. This means that the
+ auxiliary programs will be built as dynamic executables, but that
+ should do no harm
+
+ 7/5
+ ---
+lib/glob/fnmatch.c
+ - fix the code that processes **(pattern) to short-circuit if the
+ pattern is ill-formed or lacks a trailing `)' -- this fixes the
+ segfault on **(/*)
+
+Makefile.in, builtins/Makefile.in
+ - split CCFLAGS into CCFLAGS_FOR_BUILD and CFLAGS, to aid in
+ cross-compilation
+ - build programs that use $(CC_FOR_BUILD) using $(CCFLAGS_FOR_BUILD)
+
+configure.in, config.h.in
+ - check for getaddrinfo(3), define HAVE_GETADDRINFO if found
+
+lib/sh/netopen.c
+ - implemented a version of _netopen (_netopen6) that uses
+ getaddrinfo(3) if available, use if HAVE_GETADDRINFO is defined.
+ old _netopen is _netopen4; _netopen now calls either _netopen6
+ or _netopen4 as appropriate
+
+ 7/9
+ ---
+builtins/exit.def
+ - don't source ~/.bash_logout if subshell_environment is non-zero
+
+execute_command.c
+ - in execute_until_or_while, handle the case where `breaking' is
+ set in the loop test (e.g., by the job control code when a job
+ is stopped with SIGTSTP), but the return value from the test is
+ something that would cause the loop to break. Need to decrement
+ `breaking' in this case
+
+ 7/10
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - in execute_in_subshell, make sure a command of type cm_subshell
+ inherits its `enclosing' command's CMD_IGNORE_RETURN flag
+
+variables.c
+ - in maybe_make_export_env, don't allow restricted shells to put
+ exported functions in the export environment
+
+ 7/11
+ ----
+lib/glob/strmatch.h
+ - renamed old fnmatch.h
+ - changed guard #ifdef to _STRMATCH_H
+ - include system <fnmatch.h> if HAVE_LIBC_FNM_EXTMATCH is defined
+
+lib/glob/strmatch.c
+ - renamed old fnmatch.c
+ - include "strmatch.h"
+ - if HAVE_LIBC_FNM_EXTMATCH is defined, define a dummy version of
+ strmatch() that just calls fnmatch(3)
+
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - include "strmatch.h"
+ - fnmatch -> strmatch
+
+Makefile.in, lib/glob/Makefile.in
+ - fnmatch -> strmatch
+
+{bashhist,execute_cmd,pathexp,pcomplete,shell,stringlib,subst,test}.c,
+pathexp.h,builtins/help.def
+ - include <glob/strmatch.h>
+ - fnmatch -> strmatch
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - broke the code that parses the interpreter name from a #! line
+ out from execute_shell_script to a new function, getinterp()
+ - call getinterp from execute_shell_script
+ - use return value from getinterp in error message about bad
+ #! interpreter in shell_execve
+
+ 7/12
+ ----
+lib/readline/isearch.c
+ - the last isearch string is now remembered in a new static variable,
+ last_isearch_string
+ - if ^R^R is typed, readline now searches for the remembered isearch
+ string, if one exists
+
+ 7/24
+ ----
+pcomplete.h
+ - extern declaration for completions_to_stringlist()
+
+ 7/25
+ ----
+builtins/complete.def
+ - make compgen handle -o default option
+ - make compgen return success only if sl->list_len is non-zero,
+ indicating that there are items on the list
+
+ 7/31
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - in execute_connection, force stdin to /dev/null for asynchronous
+ commands if job control is not active, not just if the shell is
+ running a shell script (since you can run `set -m' in a script)
+
+lib/readline/rltty.c
+ - make sure _rl_tty_restore_signals resets `tty_sigs_disabled' on
+ successful restoration of the terminal modes
+ - make sure _rl_tty_disable_signals turns off IXON so that ^S and
+ ^Q can be read by rl_quoted_insert
+
+ 8/1
+ ---
+aclocal.m4
+ - new check for FNM_EXTMATCH being defined in <fnmatch.h>, as Ullrich
+ Drepper intends to do for new versions of GNU libc
+
+config.h.in
+ - new definition for HAVE_LIBC_FNM_EXTMATCH
+
+configure.in
+ - check for fnmatch, but don't define anything in config.h
+ - call BASH_FUNC_FNMATCH_EXTMATCH to check for FNM_EXTMATCH
+
+ 8/2
+ ---
+alias.h
+ - remove bogus extern declaration for xmalloc()
+ - include "stdc.h"
+ - add prototype declarations for all extern function declarations
+
+xmalloc.c,lib/readline/xmalloc.c
+ - fix xmalloc to return a PTR_T
+ - fix xrealloc to return a PTR_T and take a PTR_T as first argument
+
+include/ansi_stdlib.h
+ - extern declarations for malloc and realloc have them return PTR_T
+
+xmalloc.h
+ - new file, with extern declarations for functions in xmalloc.c
+
+general.h
+ - removed extern declarations for functions in xmalloc.c
+ - include xmalloc.h
+
+Makefile.in,builtins/Makefile.in
+ - update dependencies to include xmalloc.h
+
+parse.y,{alias,array,bashline,bracecomp,execute_cmd,findcmd,flags,general,
+hashcmd,locale,mailcheck,make_cmd,pathexp,pcomplete,print_cmd,stringlib,
+subst,unwind_prot,variables}.c
+builtins/{common,evalfile}.c
+builtins/{cd,command,enable,exec,printf,read,set}.def
+lib/sh/{makepath,netopen,pathphys,setlinebuf,shquote,snprintf,stringlist,
+strtrans,tmpfile}.c
+lib/readline/{util,terminal,shell,readline,macro,kill,isearch,input,
+histfile,histexpand,display,complete,bind}.c
+ - make sure all calls to xmalloc are cast to the right return value
+
+siglist.c
+ - include xmalloc.h
+
+parse.y,{alias,bashline,bracecomp,expr,make_cmd,nojobs,print_cmd,subst}.c
+builtins/{fc,printf,read}.def
+lib/sh/snprintf.c, lib/tilde/tilde.c
+lib/readline/{bind,display,histexpand,isearch,macro,util,vi_mode}.c
+ - make sure all calls to xrealloc are cast to the right return value
+
+lib/sh/{netopen,setlinebuf,shquote,snprintf}.c, lib/tilde/tilde.c
+ - include xmalloc.h, remove extern declaration of xmalloc
+
+lib/readline/xmalloc.h
+ - xmalloc and xrealloc should return PTR_T
+
+lib/readline/rldefs.h
+ - don't include an extern declaration for xmalloc
+
+ 8/7
+ ---
+support/shobj-conf
+ - fixed up commented-out stanzas for HP's unbundled C compiler on
+ HP/UX
+
+support/bashbug.sh
+ - force the subject to be changed from the default
+
+lib/readline/doc/{rluser.texinfo,readline.3}, doc/bash.1
+ - document that transpose-words swaps the last two words on the line
+ if point is at the end of the line
+
+ 8/9
+ ---
+stringlib.c
+ - fix possible infinite recursion problem with null pattern in
+ strsub()
+
+hashlib.c
+ - new function copy_hash_table to copy a hash table using a caller-
+ supplied function to copy item data (defaults to savestring())
+
+hashlib.h
+ - new extern declaration for copy_hash_table
+
+builtins/declare.def
+ - changes so that declare [-a] var=value assigns `value' to element 0
+ of array variable `var' like ksh93
+ - change so that declare [-a] var[N]=value assigns `value' to element
+ N of array variable `var' like ksh93
+
+ 8/13
+ ----
+arrayfunc.c
+ - new file, for miscellaneous array functions
+
+arrayfunc.h
+ - new file, extern declarations for functions in arrayfunc.c
+
+variables.c
+ - move convert_var_to_array, bind_array_variable,
+ assign_array_from_string, assign_array_var_from_word_list,
+ assign_array_var_from_string, quote_array_assignment_chars,
+ skipsubscript, unbind_array_element, print_array_assignment
+ to arrayfunc.c
+
+shell.h
+ - include arrayfunc.h after variables.h
+
+variables.h
+ - remove above extern function declarations moved to arrayfunc.h
+ - add extern declaration for var_lookup
+
+Makefile.in
+ - add arrayfunc.c, arrayfunc.h in appropriate places
+ - add arrayfunc.h to dependencies
+
+subst.c
+ - move valid_array_reference, array_expand_index, array_variable_part,
+ array_value_internal, array_value (now global), get_array_value,
+ do_array_element_assignment to arrayfunc.c
+
+subst.h
+ - extern declarations for functions above moved to arrayfunc.h
+
+arrayfunc.h
+ - extern declarations for above functions from subst.c
+
+subst.[ch]
+ - string_list_dollar_star and string_list_dollar_at are now global
+ functions
+ - quote_escapes is now a global function
+
+subst.c
+ - maybe_expand_string -> expand_string_if_necessary
+ - expand_string_to_string -> expand_string_to_string_internal
+ - new functions: expand_string_to_string and
+ expand_string_unsplit_to_string, which call
+ expand_string_to_string_internal with expand_string and
+ expand_string_unsplit as the FUNC arguments, respectively
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - change array_expand_index to call expand_string_to_string instead
+ of maybe_expand_string
+
+ 8/14
+ ----
+shell.c
+ - in execute_env_file, call expand_string_unsplit_to_string
+
+mailcheck.c
+ - in check_mail, call expand_string_to_string
+
+variables.c
+ - in assign_in_env, call expand_string_unsplit_to_string
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - new function, array_variable_name, splits an array reference into
+ a name (which is returned as a new string) and subscript
+ - change array_variable_part to just call array_variable_name and
+ look up the string returned with find_variable
+ - new function, find_or_make_array_variable (name, flags) which will
+ look up an array variable and convert a string variable to an
+ array if necessary. The FLAGS argument, if non-zero, says to
+ check the readonly and noassign attributes and fail if either is set
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - make `read -a aname' honor any readonly status of `aname'
+ - read -a now calls find_or_make_array_variable with FLAGS value 1
+
+arrayfunc.[ch], subst.c, builtins/{declare,read}.def
+ - do_array_element_assignment -> assign_array_element
+
+ 8/20
+ ----
+parse.y
+ - changed `for' command grammar to allow missing word list after `IN'
+ token, like latest POSIX drafts require
+
+lib/sh/tmpfile.c
+ - in sh_mktmpname(), check for filenum == 0 and init to non-zero number
+ in this case. it can happen on arithmetic overflow
+
+support/mkversion.sh
+ - added `[0-9].[0-9][0-9][a-z]' as an acceptable value for a
+ distribution to allow for intermediate versions, like 2.05a
+
+support/config.guess
+ - removed the addition of the output of `/usr/bin/objformat' when
+ creating the canonical name on FreeBSD machines, so the canonical
+ name is once again `freebsd4.2' instead of `freebsdelf4.2'
+
+ 8/22
+ ----
+lib/readline/{rlstdc,history,keymaps,readline,rldefs,rlprivate,rlshell,
+rltypedefs,xmalloc}.h
+lib/readline/{bind,compat,complete,display,funmap,histexpand,histsearch,
+input,isearch,kill,nls,parens,readline,rltty,search,shell,signals,vi_mode
+ - changed __P to PARAMS
+
+lib/tilde/tilde.[ch]
+ - changed __P to PARAMS
+
+{Makefile,configure}.in
+ - changed the version number to 2.05a
+ - changed the release status to `alpha1'
+
+ 8/23
+ ----
+support/shobj-conf
+ - support for building shared libraries on Darwin/MacOS X
+
+siglist.h
+ - extern declaration for strsignal() to compensate for lack of
+ a definition in some system include files
+
+jobs.c
+ - remove casts from strsignal() calls
+
+[bash-2.05a-alpha1 frozen]
+
+ 8/27
+ ----
+[bash-2.05a-alpha1 released]
+
+ 8/27
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - fix eval_arith_for_expr to handle the case where the expanded
+ word list is NULL, returning 0 in this case
+
+print_cmd.c
+ - in print_function_def, make sure that func_redirects is assigned
+ a value before being used
+
+ 8/28
+ ----
+alias.c
+ - include <ctype.h> for definition of isalpha()
+
+bashhist.h
+ - add prototypes for extern function declarations
+
+flags.c
+ - include bashhist.h for extern function declarations
+
+mksyntax.c
+ - include <unistd.h> if HAVE_UNISTD_H is defined in config.h
+
+parse.y
+ - include test.h for extern function declarations
+
+externs.h
+ - change extern declaration for setlinebuf to sh_setlinebuf
+
+stringlib.c
+ - include <glob/glob.h> for extern function declarations
+
+variables.h
+ - add function prototypes for all of the sv_* functions
+
+builtins/common.h
+ - add extern declarations for set_shellopts() and parse_shellopts()
+ from builtins/set.def
+
+variables.c
+ - include "hashcmd.h" for extern declaration for flush_hashed_filenames
+ - include "pathexp.h" for extern declaration for setup_glob_ignore
+
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - cast to `long' instead of `int' in memalign for 64-bit machines
+
+{pcomplete,trap}.c
+ - changed printf escape sequences used to print pointers to %p
+
+lib/readline/undo.c
+ - include "xmalloc.h" for extern function declaration
+
+input.h
+ - add function prototypes to extern declarations for getc_with_restart
+ and ungetc_with_restart
+
+variables.[ch]
+ - changed type of `function' member of `struct name_and_function' to
+ `sv_func_t', which is defined and prototyped in variables.h
+ - map_over now takes an `sh_var_map_func_t *'
+
+shell.h
+ - start of a set of function pointer typedefs like those in
+ lib/readline/rltypedefs.h
+
+hashlib.[ch]
+ - second paramter to flush_hash_table is now an `sh_free_func_t *'
+
+trap.c
+ - parameter to reset_or_restore_signal_handlers is now an
+ `sh_resetsig_func_t *'
+
+pcomplete.h, pcomplib.c
+ - function pointer argument to print_all_compspecs is now an
+ `sh_csprint_func_t *'
+ - function pointer `list_getter' element of an `ITEMLIST' is now
+ prototyped with __P((...)) instead of using `Function *'
+
+jobs.[ch]
+ - `j_cleanup' member of a JOB is now an `sh_vptrfunc_t *'
+
+alias.c
+ - map_over_aliases now takes an `sh_alias_map_func_t *'
+ - free_alias_data now takes a `PTR_T'
+
+pathexp.c
+ - function pointer argument to ignore_globbed_names is now an
+ `sh_ignore_func_t *'
+
+bashline.c
+ - function pointer argument to _ignore_completion_names is now an
+ `sh_ignore_func_t *'
+
+pathexp.h,{bashhist,bashline.c
+ - `item_func' member of a `struct ignorevar' is now an
+ `sh_iv_item_func_t *'
+
+builtins/evalfile.c
+ - `errfunc' is now an `sh_vmsg_func_t *'
+
+jobs.c
+ - map_over_job now takes an `sh_job_map_func_t *' as its first argument
+
+array.[ch]
+ - function pointer argument to array_walk is now an
+ `sh_ae_map_func_t *'
+
+general.c
+ - tilde_expansion_preexpansion_hook has type `tilde_hook_func_t *',
+ and so the assignment in tilde_initialize doesn't need a cast
+
+list.c
+ - map_over_words now takes an `sh_icpfunc_t *' as its second argument
+
+input.h
+ - the `getter' and `ungetter' function pointer members of a
+ BASH_INPUT are now of types `sh_cget_func_t *' and
+ `sh_cunget_func_t *' respectively
+ - init_yy_io now takes an `sh_cget_func_t *' as its first argument and
+ an `sh_cunget_func_t *' as its second
+
+parse.y
+ - init_yy_io now takes an `sh_cget_func_t *' as its first argument and
+ an `sh_cunget_func_t *' as its second
+ - initialize_bash_input casts bash_input.getter and bash_input.ungetter
+ appropriately
+
+builtins/mkbuiltins.c
+ - make the extern function definitions written to builtext.h have
+ prototypes with __P((...))
+ - include "stdc.h"
+ - change Function to mk_handler_func_t
+ - fixed comment_handler to take the right number of args
+ - prototyped all the handler functions with __P((...))
+
+builtins.h
+ - the `function' member of a struct builtin is now of type
+ `sh_builtin_func_t *'
+
+builtins/common.[ch]
+ - last_shell_builtin, this_shell_builtin are now of type
+ `sh_builtin_func_t *'
+ - find_shell_builtin, builtin_address, find_special_builtin now return
+ `sh_builtin_func_t *'
+
+builtins/exit.def, {execute_cmd,jobs,nojobs,variables}.c, parse.y
+ - changed all declarations of last_shell_builtin and this_shell_builtin
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - execute_builtin, execute_builtin_or_function,
+ execute_subshell_builtin_or_function now take an
+ `sh_builtin_func_t *' instead of a `Function *' for argument
+ - changed appropriate variables from `Function *' to
+ `sh_builtin_func_t *'
+
+builtins/{bind,builtin,enable,read,setattr}.def
+ - replaced uses of `Function *' in variable declarations with
+ appropriate types (sh_builtin_func_t * or rl_command_func_t *)
+
+builtins/set.def
+ - set_func and get_func members of binary_o_options are now of types
+ `setopt_set_func_t *' and `setopt_get_func_t *', which are
+ prototyped
+
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - set_func member of shopt_vars is now of type `shopt_set_func_t *'
+
+bashline.c
+ - enable_hostname_completion now returns `int' (the old value of
+ perform_hostname_completion)
+
+[The only use of Function and VFunction now is for unwind-protects]
+
+ 9/4
+ ---
+lib/sh/getcwd.c
+ - use const define from config.h rather than `CONST'
+ - use PTR_T define from xmalloc.h rather than `PTR'
+ - include xmalloc.h for PTR_T
+ - remove PATH_MAX define, rely on value from maxpath.h
+
+{general,mailcheck}.c, lib/sh/{pathcanon,pathphys}.c
+ - don't include maxpath.h directly; it's already included by shell.h
+
+lib/sh/mailstat.c
+ - new `mailstat()' implementation, to stat a mailbox file for
+ mail checking. handles maildir-style mail directories with one
+ file per message and creates a dummy stat struct from them
+
+lib/sh/Makefile.in
+ - add mailstat.c and mailstat.o in the appropriate places
+
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - augmented implementation with wrapper functions that pass in file
+ and line number information from cpp. currently unused, but a
+ placeholder for future debugging and use tracking
+
+lib/malloc/shmalloc.h
+ - new file, extern declarations for allocation wrapper functions for
+ use by the shell (and others, I guess)
+
+xmalloc.[ch]
+ - wrapper functions for xmalloc, xfree, xrealloc (sh_ prefixed) that
+ pass cpp line number information through to the malloc functions,
+ if USING_BASH_MALLOC is defined
+
+ 9/5
+ ---
+lib/malloc/gmalloc.c
+ - removed; no longer part of distribution
+
+lib/malloc/Makefile.in
+ - removed references to gmalloc.[co]
+
+configure.in, doc/bashref.texi
+ - removed references to `--with-glibc-malloc' configure option
+
+{configure,Makefile}.in
+ - changed the way bash malloc is configured into the Makefile, making
+ it more like how readline is configured. If the bash malloc is
+ not configured in, nothing in lib/malloc will be built
+
+ 9/6
+ ---
+lib/malloc/imalloc.h
+ - new file, some internal malloc definitions
+
+lib/malloc/mstats.h
+ - new file, definitions for malloc statistics structs and functions
+
+lib/malloc/trace.c
+ - new file, malloc tracing functions (currently just print messages
+ to stderr), code is #ifdef MALLOC_TRACE
+
+lib/malloc/stats.c
+ - new file, moved malloc stats code from malloc.c to here
+
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - moved some definitions to imalloc.h
+ - moved stats code to stats.c
+ - malloc tracing calls added to internal_{malloc,realloc,free}, all
+ #ifdef MALLOC_TRACE
+
+lib/malloc/Makefile.in, Makefile.in
+ - added {imalloc,mstats}.h, {trace,stats}.c
+
+parse.y
+ - changed decode_prompt_string to save and restore $?
+ (last_command_exit_value) around calls to expand_prompt_string(),
+ so command substitutions in PS1, etc. don't change $?
+
+{array,subst}.c
+ - a couple more arrayind_t fixes from Paul Eggert
+
+configure.in
+ - remove redundant check for wait3(2)
+
+redir.h
+ - fixed a typo (stdin_redirs -> stdin_redirects)
+
+ 9/10
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - remove check for \n and \r from WHITESPACE macro, since those
+ chars are not whitespace as returned by the whitespace(c) macro
+ - getinterp now takes a `char *' as first arg, not unsigned char *
+ - execute_shell_script now takes a `char *' as first arg, not
+ unsigned char *
+ - fix typo in forward declaration for `initialize_subshell'
+
+general.[ch]
+ - check_binary_file now takes a (char *) argument, not unsigned char *
+ - pass unsigned char to isspace and isprint because of ISO C fuckup
+ - bash_tilde_expand now takes a `const char *' as its argument
+
+builtins/evalfile.c, shell.c
+ - buffer passed to check_binary_file is char, not unsigned char
+
+parse.y
+ - fix extern declaration for yyerror()
+ - yyerror now takes a `const char *' as first arg
+
+{error,jobs}.c
+ - fixes to printf-style functions to handle pids wider than an int
+
+lib/readline/{isearch,vi_mode}.c
+ - fix call to rl_message in rl_display_search (remove extra arg)
+
+variables.c
+ - fix missing argument to builtin_error in make_local_variable
+
+builtins/getopts.def
+ - since getopts takes no options, change while loop calling
+ internal_getopts to a simple `if' check
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - since printf takes no options, change while loop calling
+ internal_getopts to a simple `if' check
+
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - remove _SET_BELL macro, expand code inline
+
+lib/readline/input.c
+ - change _rl_input_available to use either select or FIONREAD,
+ but not both
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - fix rl_digit_loop to remove unreachable code at end of loop
+
+{bashhist,bashline,expr,jobs,redir,shell}.c, builtins/fc.def, lib/sh/snprintf.c
+ - bracket unused functions with #ifdef INCLUDE_UNUSED/#endif
+ - remove some unused variables
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - remove #ifdef'd code that allowed `return' to terminate a select
+ statement
+
+expr.c
+ - remove some extraneous tests from strlong()
+
+array.h
+ - arrayind_t is now a long, since shell arithmetic is performed as
+ longs
+ - remove second declaration of new_array_element
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - in mklong, xrealloc cannot return NULL, so don't check for it
+ - remove some #if 0 code
+ - fix core dump triggered by a format specification with more than
+ one `*'
+ - remove `foundmod', since its value mirrors `modchar != 0'
+ - include "common.h" for builtin_{error,usage} declarations
+
+Makefile.in,builtins/Makefile.in
+ - updated some dependencies due to new include files
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - include "execute_cmd.h" for declaration of execute_shell_function
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - include <stdio.h> for printf
+ - include "builtins/common.h" for builtin_error declaration
+
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - include "../trap.h" for run_trap_cleanup declaration
+
+builtins/help.def
+ - include "common.h" instead of locally declaring builtin_error
+ and builtin_usage
+
+error.h
+ - add extern declaration for itrace()
+ - add prototype to extern declaration of get_name_for_error
+ - file_error now takes a `const char *' as first argument
+
+externs.h
+ - added prototype for sh_setlinebuf declaration, bracketed with
+ NEED_SH_SETLINEBUF_DECL so we don't need stdio.h everywhere
+ - add extern declaration for parse.y:return_EOF()
+
+shell.c
+ - add NEED_SH_SETLINEBUF_DECL before including shell.h
+
+lib/readline/callback.c
+ - include <stdlib.h> or "ansi_stdlib.h" for abort declaration
+
+quit.h
+ - remove declaration of throw_to_top_level
+
+subst.c
+ - remove unused extern declaration for getopts_reset
+
+lib/sh/netopen.c
+ - include <shell.h> for legal_number, etc.
+ - add prototype for inet_aton extern declaration
+
+lib/sh/clock.c
+ - include <stdc.h> for __P declaration
+ - add extern declaration for get_clk_tck
+
+support/mkversion.sh
+ - changed so that extern function declarations for functions in
+ version.c (moved from externs.h) are in the generated version.h
+
+shell.h
+ - include version.h
+
+version.c
+ - various `char *' version variables are now `const char *'
+
+general.h
+ - add prototype for same_file, bracketed with _POSIXSTAT_H
+ #ifdef, since that's what include/posixstat.h defines
+
+builtins/common.[ch]
+ - _evalfile, maybe_execute_file, source_file, and fc_execute_file
+ now take a `const char *' as their first argument
+
+eval.c
+ - removed extern declaration of yyparse; it's in externs.h
+
+parse.y
+ - added prototypes to static forward function declarations
+ - changed local `all_digits' variable in read_token_word () to
+ all_digit_token to avoid clash with all_digits() function in
+ general.c
+
+{bashhist,copy_cmd,make_cmd,hashlib,mailcheck}.c
+ - added prototypes for static function declarations
+
+shell.h
+ - add extern declarations for interactive, interactive_shell,
+ changed c files with extern declarations
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - changed it_init_aliases to avoid shadowing global variable
+ `aliases'
+
+bashline.c,pathexp.c,general.h
+ - sh_ignore_func_t is now a pointer to a function taking a
+ `const char *'; users changed
+
+configure.in
+ - test for <strings.h>
+
+config.h.in
+ - add #undef HAVE_STRINGS_H
+
+bashansi.h
+ - change like recommended in autoconf manual
+
+ 9/11
+ ----
+[a date which will live in infamy. prayers for the victims.]
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - don't use an absolute index into abuf in mkfmt, use
+ sizeof(abuf) to compute last index
+
+builtins/common.c
+ - fix read_octal to do a better job of detecting overflow while
+ iterating through the string
+
+builtins/umask.def
+ - change octal-print mode to print 4 digits, like other shells
+ - cast umask to unsigned long to avoid problems on systems where
+ it's wider than an int (POSIX doesn't guarantee that mode_t is
+ no wider than an int, but real-world systems use int)
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - mklong can never return NULL (it uses xrealloc), so the mainline
+ doesn't need to check for NULL returns
+ - new function, getldouble (long double *), to get long doubles
+ - mklong now takes a `char *' as its second argument, the modifier(s)
+ to use
+ - changed use of `modchar' to handle more than a single modifier
+ character
+ - changed to handle `long double' and `L' formats better, rather
+ than discarding long double information
+ - since printf now follows the POSIX.2 rules for conversion errors,
+ we can dispense with the status returns from the get* functions
+ - make the get* functions as similar in structure as possible,
+ removing type casts, etc.
+
+lib/sh/timeval.c,execute_cmd.c
+ - change some instances of `long' to `time_t', for systems where
+ a time_t is bigger than a long
+
+jobs.c
+ - include "posixtime.h" instead of <sys/time.h>
+
+config.h.in
+ - add defines for HAVE_DECL_CONFSTR, HAVE_DECL_STRTOLD,
+ HAVE_DECL_SBRK, HAVE_DECL_PRINTF
+ - remove defines for SBRK_DECLARED and PRINTF_DECLARED
+ - add _GNU_SOURCE define
+
+configure.in
+ - add AC_CHECK_DECLS for strtold, confstr, sbrk, printf
+ - remove call to BASH_FUNC_SBRK_DECLARED
+ - remove call to BASH_FUNC_PRINTF
+
+xmalloc.c, lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - change check of SBRK_DECLARED to HAVE_SBRK_DECL
+
+print_cmd.c
+ - change PRINTF_DECLARED to HAVE_DECL_PRINTF
+
+builtins/evalstring.c, builtins/common.h
+ - parse_and_execute now takes a `const char *' as its second argument
+
+input.h,parse.y
+ - with_input_from_* functions now take a `const char *' as their
+ second argument
+ - init_yy_io now takes a `const char *' as its fourth argument
+
+parse.y,externs.h
+ - parse_string_to_word_list now takes a `const char *' as its second
+ argument
+
+tests/builtins.right
+ - change output to account for extra digit in umask output
+
+pcomplib.c
+ - free_progcomp now takes a PTR_T argument
+
+builtins/bashgetopt.h
+ - include <stdc.h>
+ - add prototypes to extern declarations
+
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - add prototypes to static function declarations
+
+builtins/{fc,umask,wait}.def, builtins/{bashgetopt,common}.c
+ - include <ctype.h> for isdigit macro (referenced by `digit(x)')
+
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - added more static function declarations with prototypes
+
+ 9/12
+ ----
+lib/sh/tmpfile.c
+ - use `^' instead of `*' in sh_mktmpname to make filenames a bit
+ more random
+
+include/stdc.h,lib/readline/rldstdc.h
+ - add __attribute__ definition
+
+builtins/common.h
+ - add printf __attribute__ to declaration of builtin_error
+
+error.h
+ - add printf __attribute__ to declaration of programming_error,
+ report_error, parser_error, fatal_error, sys_error, internal_error,
+ internal_warning
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - add printf __attribute__ to declaration of rl_message
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - add printf __attribute__ to declaration of debug_printf
+
+print_cmd.c
+ - add printf __attribute__ to declarations of cprintf, xprintf
+
+include/chartypes.h
+ - new file, includes <ctype.h> and defines macros that check for
+ safe (ascii) arguments before calling the regular ctype macros
+
+{alias,bashline,execute_cmd,expr,findcmd,general,locale,mksyntax,stringlib,subst,variables}.c
+parse.y
+builtins/{bashgetopt,common}.c
+builtins/{fc,printf,umask,wait}.def
+lib/glob/strmatch.c
+lib/sh/{oslib,pathcanon,pathphys,snprintf,strcasecmp,strindex,stringvec,strtod,strtol,strtrans}.c
+examples/loadables/{head,sleep}.c
+ - include "chartypes.h" or <chartypes.h> instead of <ctype.h>
+
+Makefile.in,{builtins,lib/{glob,sh}}/Makefile.in
+ - update dependencies to include chartypes.h
+
+lib/sh/inet_aton.c
+ - use `unsigned char' instead of `char' to pass to ctype.h functions
+
+lib/sh/netopen.c
+ - check for '0' <= host[0] <= '9' in _getaddr instead of using
+ isdigit
+
+subst.c,lib/sh/shquote.c
+ - change array subscripts into sh_syntaxtab from `char' to
+ `unsigned char'
+
+{alias,bashline,execute_cmd,expr,general,subst}.c, parse.y
+builtins/{fc,printf,umask,wait}.def builtins/{bashgetopt,common}.c
+lib/sh/{pathcanon,pathphys,snprintf,strcasecmp,strindex,strtod,strtol,strtrans}.c
+examples/loadables/{head,sleep}.c
+ - change to use some of the new macros in chartypes.h
+ - remove old local macro definitions now provided by chartypes.h
+
+general.h
+ - remove definition of isletter, ISOCTAL, digit, digit_value
+ - change legal_variable_starter and legal_variable_char to use
+ chartypes.h macros
+ - change ABSPATH to use chartypes.h macros
+
+lib/readline/util.c
+ - change to use Paul Eggert's FUNCTION_FOR_MACRO define to define
+ function replacements for macros in chardefs.h
+
+lib/readline/chardefs.h
+ - added some of the same macros as in chartypes.h
+ - change _rl_lowercase_p, _rl_uppercase_p, _rl_digit_p,
+ _rl_to_upper, _rl_to_lower to use new IS* macros
+ - added _rl_isident macro from vi_mode.c:isident
+
+lib/readline/{bind,complete,nls}.c
+ - change to use some of the new macros from chardefs.h
+
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - isident -> _rl_isident
+ - remove local defines of macros in chardefs.h
+
+lib/sh/strtol.c
+ - updated to new version, modified from glibc 2.2.4 and sh-utils-2.0.
+ This one can do strtoll and strtoull, if necessary
+
+ 9/13
+ ----
+builtins/ulimit.def
+ - changed get_limit so it retrieves both hard and soft limits
+ instead of one or the other
+ - changed callers of get_limit
+ - changed getmaxvm to take soft limit, hard limit as arguments
+ - changed getmaxuprc to just take a single argument, the value
+ - changed calls to printone() to pass soft limit or hard limit
+ depending on `mode' instead of using old current_limit variable
+ - moved check for out-of-range limits in ulimit_internal into the
+ block that converts a string argument to a value of type rlim_t
+ - changed RESOURCE_LIMITS struct to break the description into a
+ description string and separate scale factor string
+ - changed print_all_limits to print a single error message if
+ get_limit fails, including limits[i].description now that the
+ scale factor has been removed from the description string
+ - removed DESCFMT define, since it's now used only in printone()
+ - changed printone to print the option character associated with a
+ particular limit if we're printing multiple limits
+ - changed calls to builtin_error to print the description associated
+ with a limit if setting or getting the limit fails
+ - added support for new POSIX 1003.1-200x rlim_t values:
+ RLIM_SAVED_CUR and RLIM_SAVED_MAX, which expand to the current
+ soft and hard limits, whatever they are
+ - changed printone to print `hard' or `soft' if the current limit is
+ RLIM_SAVED_MAX or RLIM_SAVED_CUR, respectively
+ - changed ulimit_internal to handle new `hard' and `soft' arguments
+ - changed help text do describe the special limit arguments `hard',
+ `soft', and `unlimited'
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - documented new `hard' and `soft' limit arguments to `ulimit'
+
+hashlib.[ch]
+ - find_hash_item now takes a `const char *' is its first argument
+ - hash_string now takes a `const char *' is its first argument
+ - remove_hash_item now takes a `const char *' as its first argument
+
+pcomplib.c
+ - removed cast from first argument to find_hash_item in find_compspec
+
+general.[ch]
+ - absolute_program now takes a `const char *' as its argument
+ - absolute_pathname now takes a `const char *' as its argument
+
+lib/glob/glob.[ch]
+ - glob_pattern_p now takes a `const char *' as its argument
+
+bashline.c
+ - removed cast from first argument to absolute_program in
+ command_word_completion_function
+ - removed cast from first argument to glob_pattern_p in
+ attempt_shell_completion
+
+findcmd.[ch]
+ - find_absolute_program, find_user_command, find_path_file,
+ search_for_command, user_command_matches now take a
+ `const char *' as their first argument
+ - file_status, executable_file, is_directory, executable_or_directory
+ now take a `const char *' as their argument
+ - _find_user_command_internal, find_user_command_internal,
+ find_user_command_in_path
+
+lib/sh/makepath.c, externs.h
+ - changed sh_makepath so it takes `const char *' for its first
+ two arguments
+
+hashcmd.[ch]
+ - find_hashed_filename now takes a `const char *' as its first arg
+ - remove_hashed_filename now takes a `const char *' as its first arg
+
+variables.[ch]
+ - new_shell_variable, var_lookup, shell_var_from_env_string,
+ find_name_in_env_array, bind_function, makunbound,
+ bind_name_in_env_array, bind_tempenv_variable, bind_variable
+ now take a `const char *' as their first arg
+ - find_function, make_new_variable, find_tempenv_variable,
+ find_variable_internal, find_variable, set_func_read_only,
+ set_func_auto_export, all_variables_matching_prefix, assign_in_env,
+ assignment, kill_local_variable, make_local_variable, unbind_variable
+ now take a `const char *' as their arg
+ - mk_env_string now takes `const char *' arguments
+
+arrayfunc.[ch]
+ - skipsubscript now takes a `const char *' as its argument
+
+ 9/17
+ ----
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - attempt to preserve case of what the user typed in
+ compute_lcd_of_matches if we're ignoring case in completion
+
+builtins/{let,pushd}.def,{execute_cmd,expr}.c
+ - change some 0L constants to 0 and let the compiler sort it out
+
+ 9/18
+ ----
+lib/malloc/alloca.c
+ - alloca now takes a `size_t' argument
+
+include/memalloc.h
+ - if we're providing an extern function declaration for alloca,
+ use `void *' and prototype if __STDC__ is defined
+ - if HAVE_ALLOCA_H is defined, but C_ALLOCA is defined, don't
+ define HAVE_ALLOCA
+
+ 9/19
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - do_assignment_internal, do_assignment, and do_assignment_no_expand
+ now take a `const char *' as their first argument
+
+general.h
+ - a `sh_assign_func_t' is now a function taking a `const char *' and
+ returning int
+
+hashcmd.c
+ - free_filename_data now takes a `PTR_T' argument to agree with the
+ typedef for `sh_free_func_t'
+
+lib/sh/snprintf.c
+ - use TYPE_MAXIMUM define like strtol.c instead of huge constants
+
+ 9/20
+ ----
+lib/sh/snprintf.c
+ - don't bother to compile the bulk of the body unless HAVE_SNPRINTF
+ or HAVE_ASPRINTF is not defined
+
+ 9/24
+ ----
+flags.c
+ - ignore `set -n' if the shell was started interactively
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - initialize readline_echoing_p to 0; let the terminal-specific code
+ in rltty.c set it appropriately
+
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - changed internal_memalign() slightly to avoid compiler warnings about
+ negating an unsigned variable (-alignment -> (~alignment + 1))
+
+ 9/27
+ ----
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - changed rl_newline to set _rl_history_saved_point appropriately
+ for the {previous,next}_history code
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - extern declaration for _rl_history_preserve_point
+
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - new bindable variable, `history-preserve-point', sets value of
+ _rl_history_preserve_point
+
+ 10/1
+ ----
+lib/malloc/table.c
+ - new file, with a map of allocated (and freed) memory for debugging
+ multiple frees, etc. Indexed by hash on values returned by
+ malloc(); holds size, file and line number info for last alloc or
+ free and a couple of statistics pointers
+
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - a few cleanups; added calls for registering allocations and frees
+ if MALLOC_REGISTER is defined
+ - replaced MALLOC_RETURN with explicit MALLOC_NOTRACE define
+ - reordered fields in `struct...minfo' in `union mhead' to restore
+ eight-byte alignment
+ - added explicit checks for underflow in free and realloc since
+ checking mh_magic2 is not sufficient to detect everything (it's
+ no longer the last field in the struct, and thus not the bytes
+ immediately preceding what's returned to the user)
+ - new function, xbotch, for printing file and line number info for
+ the failed assertion before calling botch() (programming_error())
+
+configure.in
+ - replaced call to BASH_C_LONG_LONG with call to
+ AC_CHECK_TYPES([long long])
+ - moved the C compiler tests before the tests for various
+ system types, so we can know whether we have `long long'
+ before testing for 64-bit types
+ - if we have `long long', check for sizeof(long long) and save value
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - changed BASH_TYPE_BITS64_T to check `long long' before `long', but
+ after `double'
+
+ 10/2
+ ----
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - made malloc and realloc both agree on the rounding for a request of
+ size N (round up to nearest multiple of 8 after adjusting for
+ malloc overhead); uses new ALLOCATED_BYTES macro
+ - realloc and free now use new IN_BUCKET macro for underflow checks
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - fixed time_command() to use `time_t' instead of `long' to hold
+ time stamps
+
+lib/sh/clock.c
+ - clock_t_to_secs now takes a `time_t *' second argument
+ - fixed print_clock_t to call clock_t_to_secs with right arguments
+
+lib/sh/timeval.c
+ - fixed print_timeval to make `minutes' a `long' and make its
+ structure identical to print_clock_t
+
+redir.c
+ - changed redirection_error to check for EBADF and use the file
+ descriptor being redirected from in the error message if it
+ is >= 0
+
+Makefile.in
+ - changed release status to `beta1'
+
+lib/glob/collsyms.h
+ - added a few ASCII symbols to the posix_collsyms array
+
+ 10/3
+ ----
+aclocal.m4
+ - fixed typo in BASH_TYPE_BITS64_T
+
+configure.in
+ - added check for unsigned chars with AC_C_CHAR_UNSIGNED
+
+config.h.in
+ - added PROTOTYPES and __CHAR_UNSIGNED__ #defines
+
+general.h
+ - if CHAR_MAX is not define by <limits.h>, provide a definition
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - change tescape() to mask \0 and \x escape sequences with 0xFF
+ - change tescape() to process at most two hex digits after a `\x'
+
+lib/sh/strtrans.c
+ - change strtrans() to mask \0 and \x escape sequences with 0xFF
+ - change strtrans() to process at most two hex digits after a `\x'.
+ This affects `echo -e' and $'...' processing
+
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - changed rl_translate_keyseq() to process at most two hex digits
+ after a `\x'
+
+lib/readline/doc/{rluser.texinfo,readline.3}, doc/bash.1
+ - changed documentation for key binding escape sequences to specify
+ that at most two hex digits after \x are translated
+ - changed documentation for key binding to specify that the result
+ of \nnn or \xhh escapes is an eight-bit value, not just ASCII
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - changed documentation of $'...' to specify that at most two hex
+ digits after \x are translated
+ - changed `echo' documentation to specify that at most two hex
+ digits after \x are translated
+ - changed documentation for `echo' and $'...' to specify that the
+ result of \nnn or \xhh escapes is an eight-bit value, not just ASCII
+
+ 10/4
+ ----
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - changed interface for xbotch to pass memory address and error code
+ as two additional arguments
+ - call mregister_describe_mem from xbotch to get the last allocation
+ or free before the botch
+
+configure.in
+ - call AC_CHECK_DECLS([strsignal])
+
+config.h.in
+ - add HAVE_DECL_STRSIGNAL
+
+siglist.h
+ - make declaration of strsignal() dependent on !HAVE_DECL_STRSIGNAL
+
+ 10/5
+ ----
+support/texi2html
+ - upgraded to version 1.64
+
+ 10/9
+ ----
+aclocal.m4
+ - added check for `long long' to BASH_TYPE_PTRDIFF_T
+
+configure.in
+ - replaced call to BASH_HAVE_TIOCGWINSZ with AC_HEADER_TIOCGWINSZ
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - replaced body of BASH_STRUCT_TERMIOS_LDISC with call to
+ AC_CHECK_MEMBER(struct termios.c_line, ...)
+ - replaced body of BASH_STRUCT_TERMIO_LDISC with call to
+ AC_CHECK_MEMBER(struct termios.c_line, ...)
+
+[bash-2.05a-beta1 frozen]
+
+ 10/10
+ -----
+lib/sh/snprintf.c
+ - fixed exponent() to not smash the trailing zeros in the fraction
+ when using %g or %G with an `alternate form'
+ - fixed exponent() to handle the optional precision with %g and %G
+ correctly (number of significant digits before the exponent)
+
+ 10/11
+ -----
+expr.c
+ - fixed strlong() to correct the values of `@' and `_' when
+ translating base-64 constants (64#@ == 62 and 64#_ == 64), for
+ compatibility with ksh
+
+lib/sh/itos.c
+ - added a slightly more flexible fmtlong() function that takes a
+ base argument and flags (for future use)
+ - rewrote itos and inttostr in terms of fmtlong
+
+lib/sh/fmtulong.c
+ - new file, converts unsigned long to string. hooks for `unsigned
+ long long' in the future. unused as yet
+
+ 10/15
+ -----
+lib/readline/rltty.c
+ - change the SET_SPECIAL macro to avoid possible (but highly
+ unlikely) negative array subscripts
+
+error.h
+ - add __attribute__ to extern declaration of itrace (even though the
+ function isn't defined in released versions of bash)
+
+bashansi.h
+ - include <strings.h> if HAVE_STRINGS_H is defined, to get any extra
+ function declarations provided therein
+
+copy_cmd.c
+ - fix typo in forward declaration for copy_arith_for_command
+
+lib/malloc/stats.c
+ - make the accumulators in _print_malloc_stats be `unsigned long'
+ instead of `int'
+
+externs.h, sig.h
+ - add `__noreturn__' gcc attribute to exit_shell and jump_to_top_level
+ declarations
+
+lib/sh/mailstat.c, support/bashversion.c
+ - include <bashansi.h> for some string function declarations
+
+lib/malloc/shmalloc.h
+ - added extern declarations of functions that do malloc debugging
+
+lib/readline/{isearch,readline,vi_mode}.c
+ - make sure we index into _rl_keymap with a non-negative index
+
+parse.y
+ - make sure we index into sh_syntaxtab with a non-negative index
+
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - bound the vi_mark_chars array with the number of characters between
+ 'a' and 'z' rather than using a fixed amount
+ - don't use _rl_lowercase_p when deciding whether the char read by
+ rl_vi_set_mark is a valid mark; just use 'a' <= char <= 'z'
+
+lib/readline/chardefs.h
+ - conditionally include memory.h and strings.h as in general.h
+ - replace ISASCII with IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN like other GNU software
+ - add defines for ISPRINT(c), ISLOWER(c) and ISUPPER(c)
+ - fix defines for _rl_lowercase_p, _rl_uppercase_p, _rl_digit_p,
+ _rl_pure_alphabetic, ALPHABETIC, _rl_to_upper, _rl_to_lower,
+ and _rl_isident to work on systems with signed chars
+
+include/chartypes.h
+ - replace ISASCII with IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN like other GNU software
+
+lib/sh/{strcasecmp,strtod,strtol}.c
+ - don't pass possibly-negative characters to tolower() or toupper()
+
+lib/glob/strmatch.c
+ - don't bother testing for isupper in FOLD; rely on TOLOWER macro
+ from <chartypes.h> to do it
+ - don't use local definitions of isblank, et al.; rely on macros
+ from <chartypes.h>
+
+lib/readline/{display,readline}.c, mksyntax.c
+ - use new ISPRINT macro instead of isprint()
+
+builtins/{kill.def,mkbuiltins.c},{error,execute_cmd,jobs,nojobs,subst}.c
+ - don't assume that a pid_t fits into an int for printing and other
+ uses
+
+variables.[ch]
+ - the unused put_gnu_argv_flags_into_env now takes a `long' pid
+ argument
+
+configure.in, config.h.in
+ - call AC_STRUCT_ST_BLOCKS, define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BLOCKS if found
+ - check for strtoull(), define HAVE_STRTOULL if found
+ - check for uintmax_t, define to `unsigned long' if not found
+
+lib/sh/mailstat.c
+ - don't use st_blocks member of struct stat unless
+ HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_BLOCKS is defined; otherwise use the st_nlink
+ field to return the total number of messages in a maildir-style
+ mail directory
+
+general.h,{alias,expr,general,subst,variables}.c
+builtins/{printf,read}.def
+lib/readline/{bind,complete,nls}.c
+lib/sh/{pathcanon,pathphys,shquote,snprintf,strindex,strtod,strtol,strtrans}.c
+ - cast args to ctype macros to unsigned char for systems with signed
+ chars; other fixes for signed chars
+
+lib/sh/{fmtullong,strtoull.c}
+ - new files, more support for `long long'
+
+Makefile.in, lib/sh/Makefile.in
+ - make fmtullong.o and strtoull.o part of libsh
+
+lib/sh/itos.c
+ - remove local copy of fmtlong; use fmtulong instead
+ - new functions: uitos, uinttostr work on `unsigned long'
+
+lib/sh/snprintf.c
+ - fixes to make `unsigned long long' work (%llu)
+ - fixes to make unsigned formats not print the sign when given
+ an unsigned long that is greater than LONG_MAX
+
+externs.h
+ - extern declarations for fmtulong, fmtulloing, strtoull
+ - extern declarations for uitos, uinttostr
+
+ 10/16
+ -----
+configure.in
+ - move header checks before function checks
+ - move c compiler tests before header checks
+ - check for <inttypes.h> with BASH_HEADER_INTTYPES
+ - change type checks for intmax_t, uintmax_t to not attempt to
+ include <stdint.h>
+ - check for strtoimax, strtoumax, strtoll, strtol, strtoull, strtoul
+ with BASH_CHECK_DECL (for declarations in header files) and
+ AC_REPLACE_FUNCS (for availability and LIBOBJS substitution)
+ - remove check for have_long_long around sizeof check for long long
+ (since autoconf will give it a size of 0 if the type isn't found)
+
+config.h.in
+ - add a define for HAVE_INTTYPES_H
+ - add a define for HAVE_UNSIGNED_LONG_LONG
+ - add defines for HAVE_STRTOIMAX, HAVE_STRTOUMAX, HAVE_STRTOLL
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - new func, BASH_HEADER_INTTYPES, which just calls AC_CHECK_HEADERS
+ on <inttypes.h>; separate so it can be AC_REQUIREd
+ - AC_REQUIRE([BASH_HEADER_INTTYPES]) in BASH_CHECK_TYPE
+ - include <inttypes.h> in BASH_CHECK_TYPE if HAVE_INTTYPES_H is
+ defined
+ - change AC_DEFINE to AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED in BASH_CHECK_TYPE
+ - new `long long' checking macros: BASH_TYPE_LONG_LONG and
+ BASH_TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG_LONG
+ - new BASH_CHECK_DECL
+
+lib/sh/{strto[iu]max,strtoll}.c, lib/sh/Makefile.in, Makefile.in
+ - new files
+
+externs.h
+ - extern declarations for strtoll, strtoimax, strtoumax
+
+lib/malloc/alloca.c
+ - include <bashtypes.h> for size_t
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - new functions: getllong, getullong, getintmax, getuintmax; return
+ long long, unsigned long long, intmax_t, uintmax_t respectively
+ - builtin printf now handles `ll' and `j' length modifiers directly
+
+lib/sh/Makefile.in
+ - use LIBOBJS to decide whether or not the strto* functions are
+ needed
+
+ 10/17
+ -----
+configure.in
+ - call AC_REPLACE_FUNCS(rename)
+ - move getcwd, strpbrk, strcasecmp, strerror, strtod
+ from AC_CHECK_FUNCS to AC_REPLACE_FUNCS
+ - only call BASH_FUNC_GETCWD if $ac_func_getcwd == "yes"
+ - call BASH_CHECK_SYS_SIGLIST
+ - if we don't have vprintf but have _doprnt, call AC_LIBOBJ(vprint)
+
+lib/sh/Makefile.in
+ - remove rename, getcwd, inet_aton, strpbrk, strcasecmp, strerror,
+ strtod, vprint from OBJECTS; picked up from LIBOBJS
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - change BASH_FUNC_GETCWD to call AC_LIBOBJ(getcwd) if the libc
+ getcwd(3) calls popen(3)
+ - change BASH_FUNC_INET_ATON to call AC_LIBOBJ(inet_aton) if it's
+ not found in libc or as a #define even with the special includes
+ - BASH_KERNEL_RLIMIT_CHECK -> BASH_CHECK_KERNEL_RLIMIT
+ - BASH_DEFAULT_MAILDIR -> BASH_SYS_DEFAULT_MAILDIR
+ - BASH_JOB_CONTROL_MISSING -> BASH_SYS_JOB_CONTROL_MISSING
+ - BASH_REINSTALL_SIGHANDLERS -> BASH_SYS_REINSTALL_SIGHANDLERS
+ - BASH_SIGNAL_CHECK -> BASH_SYS_SIGNAL_VINTAGE
+ - BASH_DUP2_CLOEXEC_CHECK -> BASH_FUNC_DUP2_CLOEXEC_CHECK
+ - BASH_PGRP_SYNC -> BASH_SYS_PGRP_SYNC
+ - BASH_RLIMIT_TYPE -> BASH_TYPE_RLIMIT
+ - BASH_FUNC_PRINTF -> BASH_DECL_PRINTF
+ - BASH_FUNC_SBRK_DECLARED -> BASH_DECL_SBRK
+ - BASH_MISC_SPEED_T -> BASH_CHECK_SPEED_T
+ - BASH_CHECK_SOCKLIB -> BASH_CHECK_LIB_SOCKET
+ - new macro, BASH_CHECK_SYS_SIGLIST, encapsulates all the checks for
+ sys_siglist, _sys_siglist, and strsignal(), sets SIGLIST_O to
+ siglist.o if appropriate
+
+Makefile.in
+ - use SIGLIST_O variable to decide whether or not we need siglist.o
+
+{execute_cmd,subst}.c
+ - change a couple of instances of ISDIGIT to DIGIT, where we really,
+ really only want ascii digits
+
+ansi_stdlib.h
+ - don't need a declaration for atol()
+
+ 10/18
+ -----
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - new macro, BASH_FUNC_PRINTF_A_FORMAT, checks for printf support
+ for %a, %A conversion specifiers, defines HAVE_PRINTF_A_FORMAT
+ if successful
+
+configure.in
+ - call AC_CHECK_FUNCS for isascii
+ - call BASH_FUNC_PRINTF_A_FORMAT
+
+config.h.in
+ - add a define for HAVE_ISASCII
+ - add a define for HAVE_PRINTF_A_FORMAT
+
+lib/sh/snprintf.c
+ - for long double output, fall back to sprintf using ldfallback()
+ function for floating point formats
+ - support %a, %A using dfallback() or ldfallback() if
+ HAVE_PRINTF_A_FORMAT is defined
+ - fix bug in vasprintf that returned wrong value in its first
+ argument if the buffer holding the result string got reallocated
+ - fixed PUT_CHAR macro to increment the counter even if we've
+ exceeded the buffer size, for the return value from
+ vsnprintf/snprintf
+ - fix vsnprintf_internal to not use counter < length as a loop
+ condition, but always process the entire format string (for
+ the return value from vsnprintf/snprintf)
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - support %a, %A if HAVE_PRINTF_A_FORMAT is defined
+
+include/typemax.h
+ - new file, with the TYPE_MAXIMUM stuff that's duplicated in several
+ files in lib/sh
+
+lib/sh/{fmtulong,strtol,snprintf}.c
+ - include <typemax.h> instead of having the definitions in each file
+
+lib/sh/Makefile.in
+ - updated dependencies for typemax.h
+
+ 10/22
+ -----
+configure.in
+ - call AC_CHECK_FUNCS on ctype.h functions/macros that bash redefines
+ in chartypes.h
+
+config.h.in
+ - defines for HAVE_IS{ASCII,BLANK,GRAPH,PRINT,SPACE,XDIGIT}
+
+include/chartypes.h, lib/glob/strmatch.c, lib/readline/chardefs.h
+ - don't redefine some is* ctype macros/functions if HAVE_ISXXX is
+ defined (meaning that an appropriate function, but not a macro,
+ exists)
+
+lib/sh/strtrans.c
+ - new function, ansic_shouldquote, returns 1 if argument string
+ contains non-printing chars that should be quoted with $'...'
+
+externs.h
+ - new declaration for ansic_shouldquote()
+
+variables.c
+ - change print_var_value to ansi C quote the string if we're not in
+ posix mode and the variable's value contains non-printing chars,
+ to use the regular shell single quoting if the value contains
+ shell meta-characters, and to just output the string otherwise
+
+lib/sh/shquote.c
+ - add `break' to `case '~':' to avoid fallthrough and extra test
+
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - note that in POSIX mode, `set' displays variable values that
+ include nonprinting characters without quoting, unless they
+ contain shell metacharacters
+
+builtins/printf.def, lib/sh/snprintf.c
+ - handle `F' conversion specifier as equivalent to 'f'
+
+parse.y, {nojobs,variables}.c
+ - a couple of cleanups for when building a minimal configuration
+
+nojobs.c
+ - new function: stop_making_children(), just sets
+ already_making_children to 0 (like stop_pipeline)
+
+subst.c
+ - call stop_making_children from subst.c:command_substitute if
+ JOB_CONTROL is not defined. This fixes the bug where the wrong
+ process is waited for (and its status returned) when using
+ command substitution in a null command in a shell function
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - new variable `tw' used to keep track of the total number of
+ characters written by a single call to `printf' -- to be
+ used for the `%n' conversion, which will be added later. It
+ gets reset each time we reuse the format string, which is what
+ ksh93 seems to do
+
+ 10/23
+ -----
+variables.c
+ - new function, bind_var_to_int (char *var, long val)
+
+variables.h
+ - extern declaration for bind_var_to_int
+
+lib/sh/netopen.c
+ - use gai_strerror() for error messages when getaddrinfo() fails
+ - use PF_INET if DEBUG is defined, since IPv6 doesn't work for me
+
+Makefile.in
+ - pass DEBUG=${DEBUG} down to makes in some subdirectories
+
+{builtins,lib/{glob,sh}}/Makefile.in
+ - append ${DEBUG} to LOCAL_CFLAGS value, passed by top-level Makefile
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - added support for %n format conversion char (number of chars printed
+ so far from current format string)
+
+ 10/24
+ -----
+variables.c
+ - if posixly_correct is set, the default value of $MAILCHECK is 600
+ - use legal_number instead of atoi in adjust_shell_level
+ - treat non-numeric assignments to SECONDS as 0 in assign_seconds
+ - new function, init_funcname_var; sets FUNCNAME as a dynamic variable
+ if it's not set in the initial environment
+ - new function, init_groups_var; sets GROUPS as a dynamic array
+ variable if it's not set in the initial environment
+ - new function, init_dirstack_var; sets DIRSTACK as a dynamic array
+ variable if it's not set in the initial environment
+ - new function, init_seconds_var; sets SECONDS as a dynamic
+ variable using any valid integer value in the initial environment
+ as the initial value, as if an assignment had been performed
+ - call init_funcname_var, init_groups_var, init_dirstack_var,
+ init_seconds_var from initialize_dynamic_variables
+ - non-numeric values assigned to LINENO are treated as 0
+ - change initialize_shell_variables to not auto-export PATH or TERM
+ - change set_home_var to not auto-export HOME
+ - change set_shell_var to not auto-export SHELL
+ - broke the code that sets HOSTNAME, HOSTTYPE, MACHTYPE, OSTYPE
+ out into a separate function, set_machine_vars; none of those
+ variables are auto-exported
+ - bash no longer un-exports SSH_CLIENT or SSH2_CLIENT
+
+shell.c
+ - changed isnetconn() to check SSH_CLIENT and SSH2_CLIENT only if
+ SSH_SOURCE_BASHRC is defined in config-top.h
+
+config-top.h
+ - added a commented-out definition for SSH_SOURCE_BASHRC
+
+ 10/25
+ -----
+
+Makefile.in
+ - changed RELSTATUS to `rc1' (release candidate 1)
+
+ 10/29
+ -----
+locale.c
+ - fixed an `=' vs. `==' typo in set_locale_var when parsing
+ LC_NUMERIC
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document what bash does with $POSIXLY_CORRECT
+
+doc/builtins.1
+ - some updates
+
+builtins/psize.sh
+ - some mktemp(1) changes
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - change rl_backward to check for rl_point < 0 and reset to 0 if so
+
+lib/readline/util.c
+ - don't compile in _rl_strpbrk if HAVE_STRPBRK is defined
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - remove extern declaration of _rl_strpbrk
+
+lib/readline/rldefs.h
+ - #define _rl_strpbrk as strpbrk if HAVE_STRPBRK is define, otherwise
+ add extern declaration of _rl_strpbrk from rlprivate.h
+
+{mailcheck,shell,variables}.c
+ - make sure to include posixtime.h to get any prototype for time(3)
+ in scope
+
+{array,eval,execute_cmd,mksyntax,subst}.c, parse.y
+builtins/common.c
+lib/sh/pathcanon.c
+ - a few changes as the result of `gcc -Wall' patches from solar
+ designer
+
+builtins/read.def, parse.y
+ - change some calls to free() to xfree()
+
+builtins/set.def
+ - make sure unset_builtin() resets unset_array to 0 each time through
+ the loop, because it's set (and used) depending on the current
+ argument
+
+shell.h
+ - new define, USE_VAR, to force the compiler to not put a particular
+ variable in a register -- helpful if registers are not restored
+ by setjmp/longjmp
+
+builtins/{evalfile.c,{read,wait}.def}, {eval,execute_cmd,shell,test}.c
+ - use USE_VAR for some variables
+
+subst.c
+ - fixed a case in expand_word_internal where a NULL pointer could
+ have been passed to free() (though free() should ignore it)
+ - fixed a case at the end of expand_word_internal where LIST could
+ have been used uninitialized (it makes gcc happy, though it
+ doesn't happen in practice)
+
+test.c
+ - give test_syntax_error(), beyond(), and integer_expected_error()
+ the `__noreturn__' attribute for gcc
+
+unwind_prot.c
+ - in clear_unwind_protect_list(), convert `flags' to `long' (via
+ assignment to a `long' variable) before casting to `char *', in
+ case pointers and longs are 64 bits and ints are 32 (makes no
+ difference on 32-bit machines)
+
+ 10/30
+ -----
+print_cmd.c
+ - fixed cprintf to avoid gcc warning about assigning const pointer
+ to non-const (discarding type qualifier)
+
+{make_cmd,pcomplete,test}.c,parse.y
+ - some minor changes to shut up gcc warnings
+
+lib/sh/tmpfile.c
+ - fixed sh_mktmpfp to avoid file descriptor leaks in the case that
+ sh_mktmpfd succeeds but fdopen fails for some reason
+ - change sh_mktmpfd to use the same scheme for computing `filenum'
+ as sh_mktmpname
+ - change get_sys_tmpdir to prefer P_tmpdir if P_tmpdir is defined
+ - changed sh_mktmpname and sh_mktmpfd to avoid trying to assign to
+ `nameroot' if `nameroot == 0' (duh)
+ - add code to sh_mktmpfd to use mkstemp(3) if USE_MKSTEMP is defined
+ - add code to sh_mktmpname to use mktemp(3) if USE_MKTEMP is defined
+
+support/{fixlinks,mkclone}
+ - use mktemp if it's available for the symlink test
+ - use $TMPDIR instead of hardcoding /tmp; default to /tmp
+ - use a better filename for the symlink test instead of `z'
+
+support/bashbug.sh
+ - more changes inspired by a patch from solar designer
+
+lib/malloc/Makefile.in
+ - new target `alloca', which builds libmalloc.a with alloca.o only
+ (for systems without alloca that are configured --without-bash-malloc)
+
+configure.in
+ - if we don't have a working alloca and are not configured to build
+ the bash malloc library, make a malloc library containing only
+ alloca.o
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - slight change to RL_LIB_READLINE_VERSION to deal with minor version
+ numbers with a letter appended (like 4.2a)
+
+ 10/31
+ -----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - slight change to note that only interactive shells resend a SIGHUP
+ to all jobs before exiting
+
+externs.h
+ - declare strto[ui]max only if NEED_STRTOIMAX_DECL is defined. This
+ keeps picky compilers from choking because intmax_t is not defined
+ (MacOS X 10.1)
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - #define NEED_STRTOIMAX_DECL before including shell.h
+
+ 11/1
+ ----
+general.c
+ - check in bash_tilde_expand() for an unquoted tilde-prefix; don't
+ bother passing the string to tilde_expand unless the prefix is
+ unquoted
+
+shell.c
+ - fix a problem with $LINENO when executing commands supplied with
+ the -c invocation option when ONESHOT is defined
+
+[bash-2.05a-rc1 frozen]
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - fix the %n conversion to require that the variable name supplied
+ be a valid shell identifier
+
+variables.c
+ - improve random number generator slightly by using the upper 16
+ bits of the running random number instead of the lower 16, which
+ are incrementally more random
+
+ 11/2
+ ----
+configure.in
+ - if RL_INCLUDEDIR ends up being /usr/include, don't put
+ -I$(RL_INCLUDEDIR) into CFLAGS
+
+ 11/5
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - correct description of POSIXLY_CORRECT to note that the shell enters
+ posix mode *before* the startup files are read if POSIXLY_CORRECT
+ is in the initial environment
+
+variables.c
+ - fix function prologues for init_dirstack_var and init_groups_var
+ to agree with caller (no arguments)
+
+jobs.c
+ - fix forward function declarations for pipe_read and pipe_close
+
+subst.c
+ - removed `inline' attribute from skip_double_quoted because it can
+ potentially be called recursively
+
+bashline.c
+ - quick fix to bashline.c:attempt_shell_completion programmable
+ completion code to just punt if the end of the command word found
+ by find_cmd_end is <= the start found by find_cmd_start (the bug
+ is probably in find_cmd_start -- fix later)
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - fix gen_matches_from_itemlist to return if the stringlist is null
+ after any cleaning or initialization, before trying to use it
+ - fix GEN_COMPS to only bother to try to append the STRINGLIST
+ returned by gen_matches_from_itemlist to `glist' if it's non-NULL
+
+lib/sh/stringlist.c
+ - make copy_stringlist return NULL if the STRINGLIST * passed as an
+ argument is NULL
+ - make append_stringlist call copy_stringlist only if M2 is non-NULL;
+ otherwise just return NULL if m1 is NULL
+ - make word_list_to_stringlist return 0 immediately if the passed
+ LIST argument is NULL
+ - make realloc_stringlist call alloc_stringlist if the passed
+ STRINGLIST argument (`sl') is 0, just like realloc calls malloc
+
+subst.c
+ - in skip_to_delim(), if we have an unclosed ${, and it's at the end
+ of the string (string[i] == '{', string[i+1] == '{' and
+ string[i+2] == 0, return si (i +2) immediately without bothering
+ to call extract_dollar_brace_string or extract_delimited_string
+ - in skip_to_delim(), if string[i] is 0 after a call to
+ extract_dollar_brace_string or extract_delimited_string (meaning we
+ have an unclosed ${ or other expansion, return i immediately without
+ doing a `continue' (which will increment i past the end of string)
+ - in split_at_delims, don't increment te by 1 if it's pointing to a
+ delimiter. this has the effect of skipping the first delimiter
+ char in a possibly multi-character delimiter, and ignoring
+ single-char delimiters like `>'
+
+configure.in
+ - use AC_CHECK_MEMBERS([struct stat.st_blocks]) instead of a call to
+ AC_STRUCT_ST_BLOCKS to avoid configure changing LIBOBJS if the test
+ fails
+
+general.c
+ - introduce two new variables: bash_tilde_{prefixes,suffixes}, set
+ to the additional prefixes and suffixes bash wants to pass to the
+ tilde expansion code (reserved for post-bash-2.05a fix)
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - add missing `test' in BASH_CHECK_SYS_SIGLIST
+
+ 11/7
+ ----
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - fix rl_vi_goto_mark to explicitly check that the desired mark is
+ between 'a' and 'z', since some locales have lowercase letters
+ outside that range, which could cause a negative subscript
+
+include/chartypes.h
+ - remove superfluous `#undef ISASCII'
+
+lib/sh/strto[iu]max.c
+ - changes from Paul Eggert to work around buggy compilers and catch
+ configuration errors at compile time
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - new macro, BASH_C_LONG_DOUBLE, identical to AC_C_LONG_DOUBLE but
+ with a fix for Irix 5.3 (not called, since I'm not sure it's the
+ right thing to do -- the C standard allows double and long double
+ to be the same size)
+
+lib/sh/snprintf.c
+ - only try to write the trailing NUL in vsnprintf_internal if
+ data->length is >= 0, since if it's not, we probably don't have
+ a buffer
+
+Makefile.in
+ - changed RELSTATUS to `release'
+
+ 11/8
+ ----
+lib/sh/strtol.c
+ - make sure chars passed to toupper are cast to unsigned
+
+unwind_prot.c
+ - change clear_unwind_protect_list to not require a cast from `int'
+ to `char *'
+
+lib/readline/chardefs.h
+ - make _rl_digit_p succeed only for ascii digits, since that's what
+ most callers assume
+
+ 11/13
+ -----
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - added `ERR' trap and [-+]O invocation option to section listing
+ differences from the Bourne shell
+
+ 11/15
+ -----
+[bash-2.05a released]
+
+ 11/19
+ -----
+include/stdc.h
+ - new define, INLINE, defined as `inline' for gcc and empty otherwise
+
+subst.c
+ - make skip_double_quoted, sub_append_string have INLINE attribute
+
+trap.c
+ - use BASH_NSIG as upper limit for signal names in signal_name()
+
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - use RL_COMMENT_BEGIN_DEFAULT in output for rl-comment-begin value
+
+error.c
+ - fix sys_error to save value of errno around calls to fprintf
+
+doc/Makefile.in
+ - added rules to create PDF files from postscript and dvi input
+
+MANIFEST.doc
+ - added {article,bash,bashref,rose94}.pdf
+
+doc/bash.1
+ - rearranged some `.PD 0' and `.TP' directives so man2html will
+ handle them better (shouldn't affect groff output)
+
+support/man2html.c
+ - small fix to handle quoted string arguments to directives like
+ `.BR' without mangling the output
+
+ 11/20
+ -----
+{arrayfunc,variables}.c
+ - changed calling sequence for dynamic array variable `assign'
+ functions to (SHELL_VAR *self, char *value, arrayind_t ind)
+ - changed calling sequence for dynamic variable assign functions
+ to the same as array variable assign_func. Now this can be
+ prototyped
+
+variables.h
+ - the assign_func member of a `struct variable' is now of type
+ `sh_var_assign_func_t', which is prototyped
+ - the dynamic_value member of a `struct variable' is now of type
+ `sh_var_value_func_t', which is prototyped
+
+variables.c
+ - changed to use `sh_var_assign_func_t' and `sh_var_value_func_t'
+
+builtins/cd.def
+ - when in posix mode, if the new directory name formed by PWD and
+ the argument passed by the user cannot be canonicalized, and the
+ -P option has not been supplied, return failure immediately
+ - if canonicalization failed, but the fallback to the directory
+ name specified by the user succeeds, reset the current working
+ directory
+
+lib/readline/{input.c,rlprivate.h}
+ - renamed rl_unget_char to _rl_unget_char; made library global
+
+lib/readline/{{bind,readline}.c,{keymaps,rlprivate}.h}
+ - support for `key subsequences'; allows a key sequence and a function
+ mapped to a subsequence of that key sequence. Primarily to allow
+ arrow keys to be bound in readline vi insert mode, while preserving
+ the ESC function to switch to command mode.
+
+lib/readline/{input.c,rlprivate.h}
+ - new function, _rl_input_queued(T), does a check with select or
+ FIONREAD with a timeout of `T' (which is generally 0)
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - change _rl_dispatch_subseq to test for input in the queue if we
+ get ESC while in vi insertion mode if the keymap entry type for
+ ESC is ISKMAP. If _rl_input_queued returns non-zero, we assume
+ that an arrow key sequence has been pressed and go ahead with the
+ subsequence. If it returns zero, we assume that the user pressed
+ ESC to switch into command mode, and dispatch to that right away.
+ This avoids forcing the user to press another key before switching
+ into command mode
+
+ 11/21
+ -----
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - bind common arrow key sequences in vi insertion keymap
+
+lib/readline/terminal.c
+ - bind termcap definition's arrow keys in vi insertion keymap
+
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - check for rl_vi_movement_mode in _rl_bind_if_unbound, so
+ binding the arrow keys can work
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - since _rl_bind_if_unbound does the check of what's currently
+ bound to the key sequence, the check in bind_arrow_keys_internal
+ was redundant
+ - bind_arrow_keys_internal now takes a Keymap argument and handles
+ saving and restoring _rl_keymap; changed bind_arrow_keys
+ accordingly
+
+builtins/fc.def
+ - fix from Paul Eggert to substitute the nearest history number in
+ range if an out-of-range value is supplied. POSIX requires this
+
+lib/sh/pathcanon.c
+ - fix from Corrina Vinschen for the special `cygdrive' prefix on
+ Cygwin
+
+bashhist.c
+ - split the history adding code into more pieces:
+ check_history_control (char *line) checks LINE against the value
+ of HISTCONTROL, returning 1 if LINE should be saved and 0 if not
+
+ check_add_history (char *line) calls check_history_control and
+ history_should_ignore (line) and saves the line with
+ bash_add_history if the checks indicate that it should be saved
+
+ maybe_add_history just calls check_add_history to set the value
+ of first_line_saved
+
+bashhist.h
+ - extern declaration for check_add_history()
+
+shell.c
+ - don't call load_history() from the interactive shell startup
+ code if history_lines_this_session is > 0, indicating that we've
+ already saved some lines in the history and that we probably
+ don't want to overwrite them
+
+builtins/history.def
+ - call check_add_history from push_history, so `history -s xx'
+ works even when in a compound command whose first line has not
+ been saved. (Caveat: in a compound command when the first
+ line has been saved, the line supplied to history -s will become
+ part of the compound command's history entry. Of course, the
+ delete_history call could remove the compound command from the
+ history entirely)
+
+bashline.c
+ - use sh_makepath instead of xmalloc/sprintf in
+ command_word_completion_function
+
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - get_y_or_n now takes an int FOR_PAGER argument; caller changed
+ If FOR_PAGER is non-zero, get_y_or_n returns appropriate values
+ for a more-like pager: `newline' or `return' return 2; `q' or
+ `Q' return 0
+ - there is now a mini internal more-like pager for displaying a
+ list of completions that exceeds the screen height (new function
+ _rl_internal_pager, called from rl_display_match_list)
+
+ 11/24
+ -----
+command.h
+ - new flag, W_TILDEEXP, says to do tilde expansion on an
+ assignment word
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - fix_assignment_words now sets W_TILDEEXP for assignment word
+ arguments to `assignment builtins'
+
+general.c
+ - bash_tilde_expand now takes a second argument indicating whether
+ or not it's being invoked in an `assignment context'
+
+general.h
+ - change extern declaration for bash_tilde_expand
+
+{bashline,execute_cmd,findcmd,general,variables}.c
+builtins/evalfile.c
+lib/sh/makepath.c
+ - fix callers of bash_tilde_expand appropriately
+
+subst.c
+ - fix callers of bash_tilde_expansion appropriately
+ - add (currently commented-out) code that would tilde expand assignment
+ statement arguments to assignment builtins (W_TILDEEXP flag set)
+ even when the shell is in posix mode
+
+bashline.c
+ - fix attempt_shell_completion to turn off
+ rl_filename_completion_desired when doing command name completion,
+ so no slash gets appended to the name if there happens to be a
+ directory with the same name in the current directory
+
+ 11/26
+ -----
+lib/readline/rltech.texinfo
+ - a couple of additions to the rl_stuff_char description
+
+parse.y
+ - turn off echo_input_at_read in parse_string_to_word_list, so `set -v'
+ doesn't give extra lines of output when doing compound array
+ assignment
+
+subst.c
+ - fix split_at_delims to handle skipping over a `\n' if it's a
+ delimiter (use spctabnl(c) instead of whitespace(c))
+
+ 11/27
+ -----
+support/config.{guess,sub}
+ - updated (with bash changes) to latest version from gnu.org
+
+sig.h
+ - add prototype for set_signal_handler declaration
+
+builtins/setattr.def
+ - add prototype to extern declaration of declare_builtin
+
+builtins/times.def
+ - add no_options call, since times takes no options
+
+lib/sh/spell.c
+ - add prototypes to forward declarations for midist and spdist
+
+lib/sh/strtrans.c
+ - add explicit int return type to ansic_shouldquote declaration
+
+lib/readline/rldefs.h, lib/readline/{macro,readline,util,undo}.c
+ - move define for SWAP to rldefs.h, removed from various C files
+
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - removed define for exchange(), changed to use SWAP instead
+
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - added some static forward function declarations
+ - find_boolean_var, find_string_var now take a `const char *' argument
+
+lib/readline/signals.c
+ - added static forward declaration for rl_maybe_set_sighandler
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - add some common key bindings for the HOME and END keys in
+ bind_arrow_keys_internal
+
+lib/readline/terminal.c
+ - fetch the `@7' termcap string; it's sent by the END key
+ - attempt to bind the terminal's END key to rl_end_of_line in
+ bind_termcap_arrow_keys; I don't know why I was using `kH'
+ instead of `@7'
+
+doc/builtins.1
+ - remove `case', `for', `if', `until', `while' from NAME section;
+ those are not shell builtins
+
+ 11/28
+ -----
+stringlib.c
+ - new function, find_token_in_alist, takes a token value and an
+ ALIST argument, and returns the string correspoinding to the
+ token if found in the alist
+
+externs.h
+ - new extern declaration for find_token_in_alist()
+
+subst.c
+ - string_list_internal is no longer static
+
+subst.h
+ - new extern declaration for string_list_internal()
+
+parse.y
+ - new alist array of other tokens returned by read_token which are
+ not reserved words in word_token_alist[]
+ - reworked error reporting: new functions print_offending_line,
+ which prints the line containing the syntax error,
+ error_token_from_token, which takes the current token and tries to
+ figure out its textual representation, and error_token_from_text,
+ which does the old job of finding the bad token by analyzing the
+ text of shell_input_line at the current index
+ - report_syntax_error now tries to figure out the token that caused
+ the syntax error by first looking at current_token and falling
+ back to the old method of textual analysis if that fails
+ - report_syntax_error doesn't say the token resulting from the textual
+ analysis of the input line is an `unexpected token'; it just
+ says there is a `syntax error near xxx'
+ - changed conditional command error reporting to use the value
+ returned by error_token_from_token if it's not null instead of
+ just using the token value in the message, since current_token
+ ends up being set to -1, and the text of the message from
+ report_syntax_error might not be exactly right
+ - change parse_string_to_word_list to set current_token to the
+ offending token returned by read_token before calling yyerror()
+ to make the error reporting do the right thing
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - fixed typo in BASH_CHECK_LIB_TERMCAP
+
+configure.in
+ - add check for isinf(3); define HAVE_ISINF_IN_LIBC if found
+
+config.h.in
+ - add define for HAVE_ISINF_IN_LIBC
+
+lib/sh/snprintf.c
+ - check for Inf and NaN, using isinf and isnan if they're found in
+ libc
+ - use the current locale for thousands separator and decimal point
+ - recognize "'" flag; not implemented yet
+ - fix for snprintf/vsnprintf with length of 0 and string argument of
+ 0 with non-zero length
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - TMOUT is now the default timeout for `read' (and select) if set,
+ like ksh93 when reading from the terminal
+ - edit_line (called by read -e) now just does readline's filename
+ completion by setting rl_attempted_completion_function to NULL,
+ since e.g., doing command completion for the first word on the
+ line wasn't really useful
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - changed select_command to return failure status if select_query
+ returns NULL, indicating that read_builtin returned
+ EXECUTION_FAILURE
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - documented new TMOUT behavior
+ - slight change to the description of the test `-ef' option
+
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - added item to posix mode section describing failure behavior of
+ cd when invoked in logical mode and the pathname formed by
+ combining $PWD and the directory argument does not refer to an
+ existing directory
+
+ 11/29
+ -----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - fix execute_function to call dispose_function_env after
+ merge_function_env if the shell is in posix mode (fixes debian
+ bash bug #117673)
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - rl_forward -> rl_forward_char; rl_forward function for compatibility
+ - rl_backward -> rl_backward_char; rl_forward function for
+ compatibility
+ - new functions, rl_forward_byte, rl_backward_byte, for future use
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - extern declarations for rl_forward_char, rl_backward_char,
+ rl_forward_byte, rl_backward_byte
+
+lib/readline/{emacs_keymap,funmap,vi_keymap,vi_mode
+ - rl_forward -> rl_forward_char
+ - rl_backward -> rl_backward_char
+
+lib/readline/funmap.c
+ - new bindable names, `backward-byte' and `forward-byte'
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - new function, BASH_CHECK_MULTIBYTE, encapsulates checks for
+ multibyte code
+
+config.h.in
+ - add necessary defines for multibyte include files and functions
+
+configure.in
+ - add call to BASH_CHECK_MULTIBYTE
+
+config-bot.h
+ - add code to define HANDLE_MULTIBYTE if prerequisites are met
+
+lib/sh/xstrchr.c
+ - new file, xstrchr() is strchr(3) that handles multibyte characters
+
+bashhist.c
+ - first_line_saved -> current_command_first_line_saved; variable is
+ now global
+
+bashhist.h
+ - extern declaration for current_command_first_line_saved
+
+ 11/30
+ -----
+bashhist.c
+ - break the code that actually calls add_history out of
+ bash_add_history into a new function, really_add_history;
+ bash_add_history now calls really_add_history
+ - check_add_history takes a second `force' argument telling it
+ whether to call bash_add_history (force == 0) or really_add_history
+ (force != 0)
+
+builtins/history.def
+ - in push_history, call delete_last_history if the current command
+ has more than one line, the first line was saved, and
+ command-oriented history is active. This takes care of deleting
+ the right history element if `history -s' is used within a
+ compound or multiline command
+ - in push_history, call check_add_history with second argument of 1
+ to skip check of current_command_line_count and add the arguments
+ to history -s as a single separate history entry
+
+ 12/3
+ ----
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - append a slash to completed names which are symlinks to directories
+ if the new variable _rl_complete_mark_symlink_dirs is non-zero
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - extern declaration for _rl_complete_mark_symlink_dirs
+
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - new bindable variable, `mark-symlinked-directories', mirrors the
+ value of _rl_complete_mark_symlink_dirs
+
+doc/bash.1, lib/readline/doc/{readline.3,rluser.texinfo}
+ - documented new `mark-symlinked-directories' variable
+
+ 12/4
+ ----
+variables.[ch]
+ - set_pipestatus_array now takes a second argument with the number
+ of processes in the array
+ - changed set_pipestatus_array to just modify the value in place if
+ the existing array has one element and the new array has one
+ element, and to modify existing values in place if new array has
+ more elements than existing array
+
+variables.c, jobs.c
+ - changed set_pipestatus_array callers
+
+jobs.c
+ - moved call to setjstatus() from set_job_status_and_cleanup to
+ wait_for, since set_job_status_and_cleanup is part of the SIGCHLD
+ signal handler call path, and race conditions accessing the
+ PIPESTATUS array will result for things like
+
+ while true; do date; done | cat > /dev/null
+
+ 12/5
+ ----
+xmalloc.h
+ - don't redefine xmalloc, xrealloc, and xfree if DISABLE_MALLOC_WRAPPERS
+ is #defined
+
+config.h.in
+ - #undef for DISABLE_MALLOC_WRAPPERS
+
+configure.in
+ - define DISABLE_MALLOC_WRAPPERS if the --with-purify option is
+ supplied
+
+lib/malloc/trace.c
+ - new function, malloc_trace_bin(N), traces allocations and frees
+ to bucket N (uses the same type of bitmap as `busy')
+
+lib/malloc/table.c
+ - fix wraparound search problem in find_entry when searching for a
+ free entry when the table is full
+
+ 12/6
+ ----
+lib/malloc/table.c
+ - keep an `overflow bucket' around to use when the table is full,
+ so find_entry always returns a valid pointer when FIND_ALLOC
+ is set
+ - new static variable to keep a count of the number of MT_ALLOC
+ entries in the mem_table
+
+lib/sh/{oslib,clktck}.c
+ - if HAVE_LIMITS_H is defined, include <limits.h>
+
+lib/sh/oslib.c
+ - new function, getmaxgroups() returns max number of simultaneous
+ groups
+ - new function, getmaxchild(), returns max number of simultaneous
+ user processes
+
+general.c
+ - removed forest of #defines for getmaxgroups()
+
+externs.h
+ - new extern declaration for getmaxgroups()
+ - new extern declaration for getmaxchild()
+ - new extern declaration for isnetconn()
+
+lib/sh/netconn.c,shell.c
+ - new file, isnetconn() from shell.c moved here
+
+Makefile.in, lib/sh/Makefile.in
+ - necessary changes for netconn.c
+
+builtins/ulimit.def
+ - changed getmaxuprc() to just call getmaxchild() and massage the
+ return value appropriately
+
+{jobs,nojobs}.c
+ - use the value returned by getmaxchild() in
+ mark_dead_jobs_as_notified instead of static CHILD_MAX
+
+jobs.c
+ - new function, compact_jobs_list, removes some number of jobs from
+ the jobs table and reallocates the table, copying the jobs that
+ are left from the old table to the new. Compaction happens from
+ the beginning of the list and removes dead jobs, and we make sure
+ to keep the last CHILD_MAX jobs as POSIX.2 requires
+ - call compact_jobs_list from stop_pipeline if we're in a subshell,
+ there are no free jobs in the jobs table, and the jobs table is
+ at or above some maximum limit
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - change eval_arith_for_expr to set this_command_name to `((' before
+ calling evalexp, since it might be changed by evaluating the
+ loop body between evalexp calls
+
+trap.c
+ - change reset_signal to turn off the SIG_TRAPPED flag for the
+ given signal, so shell builtins and functions running in command
+ substitutions don't run the signal handlers (traps are not supposed
+ to be inherited by command substitutions)
+
+parse.y
+ - changed parse_string_to_word_list to turn off alias expansion
+ while parsing the array assignment
+
+ 12/9
+ ----
+alias.c
+ - fix add_alias so that redefining an alias's value also resets the
+ EXPANDNEXT flag
+
+ 12/10
+ -----
+parse.y
+ - new function, token_is_assignment, called to check whether the text
+ before `=' makes up a valid assignment token before trying to parse
+ a compound assignment statement
+ - new function, parse_compound_assignment, to parse a compound
+ assignment statement instead of using parse_matched_pair; handles
+ comments and error reporting in the parser instead of waiting until
+ expansion time
+ - changed parse_compound_assignment and parse_string_to_word_list to
+ allow reserved words in compound array assignments
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texinfo
+ - changed the documentation for rl_callback_read_char and
+ rl_callback_handler_remove to say what happens to the terminal
+ settings and what needs to be done to reset them
+
+ 12/11
+ -----
+bashline.c
+ - add emacs_edit_and_execute_command, bound to C-xC-e, like vi-mode
+ `v' command
+ - add bindable command name `edit-and-execute-command', bound to
+ run emacs_edit_and_execute_command()
+
+lib/glob/strmatch.c
+ - add support for ksh93-like [:word:] character class (isalnum + `_')
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - add note to section describing lists to clarify that a sequence of
+ one or more newlines may be used to delimit a command, equivalent
+ to a semicolon
+ - document new [:word:] pattern matching character class
+
+doc/bash.1, lib/readline/doc/rluser.texinfo
+ - document `edit-and-execute-command' and its default emacs-mode
+ binding
+
+include/chartypes.h
+ - add defines for TOCTRL and UNCTRL if they're not already defined
+
+lib/readline/chardefs.h
+ - #undef UNCTRL if it's defined to avoid cpp redefinition warnings
+
+lib/sh/strtrans.c
+ - add \cX (Control-X) escape for $'...' to ansicstr()
+ - change ansic_quote() to allocate at least four chars for each char
+ in the string argument, to account for \0xx octal values
+ - change ansic_quote() to no longer call sprintf for non-printable
+ characters; just translate the string to octal directly
+
+print_cmd.c
+ - change xtrace_print_word_list to call ansic_quote() if
+ ansic_shouldquote() indicates that there are nonprinting characters
+ in a word
+
+builtins/type.def
+ - changed deprecated long option parsing to just replace the word
+ in the list with the equivalent short option (-type -> -t) instead
+ of removing words from the list
+ - changed describe_command to take a single flags argument instead
+ of two int args; changed caller
+ - type now has two new options: -f suppresses function lookup (like
+ command), and -P forces a PATH search for the name(s)
+
+builtins/common.h
+ - flags for describe_command are here
+ - changed extern declaration of describe_command
+
+builtins/command.def
+ - changed call to describe_command to use flags from common.h, and
+ the right number of arguments
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - documented new -f and -P options to `type'
+
+ 12/12
+ -----
+lib/readline/rldefs.h
+ - fixed prototype for _rl_strnicmp
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - select_query now takes a new argument, an int flag saying whether
+ or not to print the menu the first time through the loop. An
+ empty line in response to the prompt will always cause the menu
+ to be reprinted
+ - changed execute_select_command to cause select_query to reprint
+ the menu only if REPLY is set to NULL, if KSH_COMPATIBLE_SELECT
+ is defined
+
+config-top.h
+ - define KSH_COMPATIBLE_SELECT, with a comment about its meaning
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - change rl_insert_comment to toggle if given an explicit numeric
+ argument: if the first characters on the line don't specify a
+ comment, insert one; if they do, delete the comment text
+
+doc/bash.1, lib/readline/doc/{readline.3,rluser.texinfo}
+ - documented new behavior of insert-comment with a numeric argument
+
+ 12/13
+ -----
+lib/malloc/watch.c
+ - new file, implements watchpoint functions
+
+lib/malloc/watch.h
+ - new file, define some `events' for watchpoints and extern function
+ and variable declarations for watchpoint code
+
+lib/malloc/imalloc.h
+ - #define MALLOC_WATCH if MALLOC_DEBUG is defined
+ - add __P define as in include/stdc.h if not already defined
+
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - remove __P define, now in imalloc.h
+ - include watch.h if MALLOC_WATCH is defined
+ - added calls to _malloc_ckwatch in internal_malloc, internal_free,
+ and internal_realloc
+
+include/stdc.h
+ - augment __P define to allow prototypes if PROTOTYPES is defined
+
+lib/readline/rlstdc.h
+ - augment PARAMS define to allow prototypes if PROTOTYPES is defined
+
+lib/malloc/Makefile.in, Makefile.in
+ necessary changes to include watch.c in libmalloc
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - fix rl_delete_text to make sure that the starting position is >= 0
+ - _rl_init_line_state (called by readline via readline_initialize)
+ now sets rl_mark to 0
+ - rl_get_{next,previous}_history set rl_mark to 0 if rl_point is at
+ the end of the line and rl_end otherwise in emacs mode
+
+lib/readline/kill.c
+ - rl_yank_nth_arg_internal and rl_paste_clipboard now set the mark
+ at point before calling rl_insert_text, like rl_yank
+ - rl_kill_full_line now resets rl_mark to 0
+ - rl_kill_line and rl_backward_kill_line now set rl_mark to the
+ point after the kill in emacs mode
+ - rl_kill_word and rl_backward_kill_word now set rl_mark to the
+ point after the kill in emacs mode
+ - rl_unix_word_rubout and rl_unix_line_discard now set rl_mark to
+ the point after the kill in emacs mode
+
+lib/readline/search.c
+ - noninc_search saves and restores the mark, since it can be changed
+ while reading the search string
+ - noninc_dosearch sets the mark at the end of the line, making the
+ region bound the `inserted' text since rl_point is set to 0
+ - rl_history_search_internal sets the mark at the end of the line,
+ for the same reason
+
+lib/readline/isearch.c
+ - rl_search_history now saves and restores the mark
+ - if no matching lines are found at all when doing an isearch, leave
+ point where it was instead of moving it to the end of the line
+
+ 12/17
+ -----
+lib/readline/rlmbutil.h
+ - new file, place for multi-byte character defines and extern
+ declarations
+
+lib/readline/{bind.c,readline.c,rlprivate.h}
+ - new bindable variable, `byte-oriented', tracks value of
+ rl_byte_oriented variable
+
+lib/readline/mbutil.c
+ - new file, with multibyte char utility functions
+
+lib/readline/{complete,display,readline,util,vi_mode}.c
+ - new code for multibyte characters, derived from IBM patch
+
+ 12/18
+ -----
+lib/sh/tmpfile.c
+ - include posixtime.h for time() extern declaration
+
+support/bashversion.c
+ - include <unistd.h> if it's available
+
+lib/readline/{histexpand,input,isearch,search}.c
+ - new code for multibyte characters, derived from IBM patch
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - include rltypedefs.h
+
+ 12/19
+ -----
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - slight change to mark-directories code to avoid adding a slash if
+ point is at the end of the line (rl_line_buffer[rl_point] == '\0')
+ and the previous character was a slash
+ - change printable_part to not return empty pathnames, which could
+ happen when completing filenames and a filename with a trailing
+ slash was passed as the argument. If the portion following the
+ trailing slash is NULL, ignore it and look for a previous slash.
+ If there's no previous slash, just return the filename argument
+ - new variable, rl_completion_mark_symlink_dirs, mirrors the value
+ of (user-settable with a variable) _rl_complete_mark_symlink_dirs
+ but may be modified by application-specific completion functions
+ when appropriate (set in rl_complete_internal and rl_menu_complete)
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - extern declaration for rl_completion_mark_symlink_dirs
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - if one of the actions is CA_DIRECTORY, set
+ rl_completion_mark_symlink_dirs to indicate that we want the
+ trailing slash (might have to relax this)
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texinfo
+ - documented rl_completion_mark_symlink_dirs variable
+
+lib/readline/doc/rluser.texinfo, doc/bash.1
+ - documented the fact that `complete -d' and `complete -o dirnames'
+ force readline to append a slash to symlinks to directories
+
+builtins/enable.def
+ - changed enable_shell_builtin to disallow enabling disabled
+ builtins in a restricted shell
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - documented new enable behavior in restricted shells
+
+doc/Makefile.in
+ - new rule to make an `RBASH' file documenting the restrictions
+ imposed by a restricted shell
+
+expr.c
+ - broke the code that evaluates variables and returns results out
+ of readtok() into a new function: expr_streval()
+ - expr_streval() now performs the standard unset variable error
+ behavior if `set -u' has been executed and it's asked to look
+ up an unset variable
+ - broke the code that frees up the expression context stack into
+ a new function: expr_unwind()
+
+variables.c
+ - fixed bind_int_variable so it handles array element assignment,
+ so expressions like `b[7]++' and `b[0] = 42' work right
+ - new function, get_variable_value, returns the string value of
+ the SHELL_VAR * passed as an argument
+ - get_string_value now calls get_variable_value with a non-null
+ result from find_variable
+
+ 12/20
+ -----
+lib/readline/rlmbutil.h, mbutil.c
+ - combined _rl_find_next_mbchar and _rl_find_next_nonzero_mbchar into
+ a single function
+ - combined _rl_find_prev_mbchar and _rl_find_prev_nonzero_mbchar into
+ a single function
+
+lib/readline/{display,readline,vi_mode}.c
+ - changed callers of _rl_find_next_mbchar and
+ _rl_find_next_nonzero_mbchar
+
+lib/readline/{complete,display,histexpand,readline,vi_mode}.c
+ - changed callers of _rl_find_prev_mbchar and
+ _rl_find_prev_nonzero_mbchar
+
+ 12/20
+ -----
+lib/sh/mktime.c
+ - new file, from glibc/gawk, compiled in if system doesn't have a
+ working mktime(3)
+
+lib/sh/strftime.c
+ - new file, from gawk, compiled in if system doesn't have a
+ working strftime(3)
+
+lib/sh/Makefile.in, Makefile.in
+ - changes for mktime.c, strftime.c
+
+configure.in
+ - call AC_FUNC_MKTIME, AC_STRUCT_TM, AC_STRUCT_TIMEZONE
+ - call AC_REPLACE_FUNC(strftime)
+
+config.h.in
+ - add defines for TM_IN_SYS_TIME, HAVE_TZSET, HAVE_TM_ZONE,
+ HAVE_STRUCT_TM_TM_ZONE, HAVE_STRFTIME
+
+externs.h
+ - provide an extern declaration for strftime if HAVE_STRFTIME is
+ not defined and NEED_STRFTIME_DECL is
+
+lib/tilde/tilde.h
+ - header files should not include <config.h>
+
+parse.y
+ - replace code in decode_prompt_string that chops up value returned
+ by ctime(3) with calls to strftime -- as a result, the expansion
+ of \@ has changed slightly (since it depends on the locale)
+ - added new \D{format} prompt string escape; `format' is passed to
+ strftime(3). Empty format is the same as `%X' (locale-specific
+ representation of the current time)
+ - combined cases for '\\', '\a', '\e', and '\r' in same case branch
+ in decode_prompt_string
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - documented new \D{format} prompt string expansion
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - use ISO C PRIdMAX instead of INTMAX_CONV
+ - pass length of format modifiers to mklong instead of computing it
+ with strlen()
+
+lib/sh/{fmtulong,fmtullong}.c
+ - changes from Paul Eggert to make more general
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - when converting a variable to an array, make sure to unset the
+ dynamic_value and assign_func members of the struct variable,
+ since they're not valid anymore
+
+ 12/27
+ -----
+configure.in
+ - use AC_HELP_STRING in AC_ARG_WITH and AC_ARG_ENABLE
+ - remove AC_ARG_ENABLE for largefile, since AC_SYS_LARGEFILE adds
+ one
+
+ 1/2/2002
+ --------
+{alias,bashline,execute_cmd,general,shell,subst,variables,arrayfunc}.c,general.h
+ - changed some calls to strchr to calls to xstrchr for multibyte
+ characters
+
+include/shmbutil.h
+ - add extern declaration for xstrchr to avoid including externs.h
+ where it's not appropriate
+
+{braces,make_cmd,pathexp,subst,arrayfunc}.c, lib/sh/xstrchr.c
+ - include shmbutil.h
+
+{stringlib,subst}.c, {externs,subst}.h
+ - moved substring() from subst.c to stringlib.c, moved declaration
+ from subst.h to externs.h
+
+lib/sh/xmbsrtowcs.c
+ - new file, replacement function for mbsrtowcs
+
+lib/sh/Makefile.in
+ - add entries for xmbsrtowcs.c
+
+Makefile.in
+ - add dependencies on shmbutil.h to appropriate object files
+
+lib/glob/strmatch.c
+ - break character-class testing out into separate function:
+ is_cclass, in prep for multibyte changes
+
+{braces,make_cmd}.c
+ - changes for multibyte characters
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - changes from Paul Eggert to just use intmax_t everywhere an
+ int/long/quad is needed and print with "%ld" if the number
+ fits in a long and %PRIdMAX otherwise
+ - remove getlong, getulong, getllong, getullong, since they're
+ no longer needed
+ - use a new type `floatmax_t' to print floating point numbers, the
+ widest-available floating point type (like `intmax_t'); new
+ function `getfloatmax' that calls strtold or strtod as appropriate
+ - remove getdouble, getldouble, since they're no longer needed
+
+lib/sh/fmtumax.c
+ - new file, string-to-[u]intmax_t conversion, just includes
+ fmtulong.c with the right defines
+
+Makefile.in, lib/sh/Makefile.in
+ - additions for fmtumax.c
+
+bashtypes.h
+ - include <inttypes.h> if it's available
+
+expr.c
+ - arithmetic is now in intmax_t instead of long
+
+externs.h
+ - extern declaration for fmtumax
+ - change extern declarations for evalexp, itos, inttostr,
+ uitos, uinttostr since they now return or use intmax_t instead
+ of long
+
+{execute_cmd,general,mailcheck,subst,variables}.c, parse.y
+{array,general,subst,test,variables}.h
+lib/sh/{itos,netopen}.c
+builtins/{bashgetopt,common}.c, builtins/common.h
+builtins/{break,fc,history,jobs,let,printf,pushd,read,shift,wait}.def
+ - changes for intmax_t shell arithmetic conversion
+
+doc/{bashref.texi,bash.1}
+ - documented long->intmax_t shell arithmetic conversion
+
+sig.c
+ - in initialize_terminating_signals, if we've already trapped a
+ terminating signal, don't reset the signal handler for it
+
+ 1/3
+ ---
+{arrayfunc,pathexp}.c, parse.y
+ - changes for multibyte chars
+
+parse.y, lib/sh/strtrans.c
+ - moved ansiexpand from parse.y to lib/sh/strtrans.c
+
+parse.y, locale.c
+ - moved mk_msgstr and localeexpand from parse.y to locale.c
+
+parse.y
+ - new function, yy_input_name, returns name of input file from
+ bash_input.name
+ - broke the code that parses ((...)) constructs out of read_token
+ into a new function, parse_dparen()
+
+externs.h
+ - new extern declaration for ansiexpand(), mk_msgstr(), and
+ localeexpand()
+
+input.h
+ - new extern declaration for yy_input_name()
+
+{error,locale}.c
+ - use yy_input_name for error and other messages
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - change shell_execve to make sure that the file is executable
+ before looking at the interpreter to find out why the execve()
+ failed (avoids misleading error message)
+
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - move code that matches leading `.' and skips those filenames into
+ a separate function: skipname(), so there can be unibyte and
+ multibyte versions of that function
+
+ 1/7
+ ---
+subst.c
+ - more changes for multibyte characters
+
+print_cmd.c
+ - change semicolon() so it doesn't output a `;' immediately after a
+ newline, since that results in a null command, which is a syntax
+ error
+
+variables.c
+ - fix indirection_level_string to turn off set -x while evaluating
+ PS4
+
+ 1/8
+ ---
+builtins/set.def
+ - make -o options into one struct, instead of separate structs for
+ option names corresponding to flags and non-flag option names.
+ This has the side effect of sorting the option names in output
+
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - new function, mbskipname(), multibyte char version of skipname()
+ - removed all #ifndef SHELL code, this will never be used outside
+ the shell
+
+include/posixdir.h
+ - move REAL_DIR_ENTRY define here from lib/glob/glob.c
+
+lib/glob/glob_loop.c
+ - new file, included in glob.c for unibyte and multibyte versions of
+ glob_pattern_p
+ - added some forward static function declarations with prototypes
+ - more changes for multibyte character handling
+
+lib/glob/Makefile.in
+ - make glob.c depend on glob_loop.c
+ - changes for xmbsrtowcs.[co]
+
+lib/glob/xmbsrtowcs.c
+ - moved here from lib/sh, since the matching functions use it, and
+ libglob.a is linked after libsh.a
+
+ 1/9
+ ---
+lib/glob/smatch.c
+ - new file, with strmatch (now xstrmatch) and associated functions,
+ with changes for multibyte chars
+
+lib/glob/sm_loop.c
+ - new file, included by smatch.c, with `generic' versions of matching
+ functions that are compiled twice: once each for single-byte and
+ multibyte characters
+
+lib/glob/strmatch.c
+ - strip out everything except strmatch(), which either calls fnmatch
+ (if HAVE_LIBC_FNM_EXTMATCH is defined) or xstrmatch
+
+lib/glob/collsyms.c
+ - changes for multibyte chars
+
+lib/glob/Makefile.in, Makefile.in
+ - changes for new source files
+
+ 1/10
+ ----
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - new function, rl_completion_mode (rl_command_func_t *func), returns
+ the appropriate value to pass to rl_complete_internal depending on
+ FUNC and the value of `show-all-if-ambiguous'. This allows
+ application completion functions to present the same interface as
+ rl_complete
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - new extern declaration for rl_completion_mode()
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texinfo
+ - documented rl_completion_mode
+
+lib/readline/readline.[ch]
+ - bumped the version number to 4.3, changing the relevant cpp defines
+
+configure.in
+ - require that an installed readline version be at least readline-4.3
+
+bashline.c
+ - converted bash-specific completion functions to use
+ rl_completion_mode instead of passing TAB unconditionally
+
+builtins/bashgetopt.c
+ - the `#' option specifier now means a required numeric argument,
+ not an optional one
+
+builtins/type.def
+ - when converting [-]-{path,type,all} to -[pta], don't bother
+ freeing and reallocating the option string; just change opt[1]
+ and null opt[2]
+
+lib/sh/snprintf.c
+ - support %ls/%S and %lc/%C for wide strings and characters,
+ respectively, if HANDLE_MULTIBYTE is defined
+
+mailcheck.c
+ - don't print a message about new mail if the file has not grown,
+ even if the access time is less than the modification time
+
+ 1/14
+ ----
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - new function, rl_replace_line, to replace the readline line buffer
+ with the text supplied as an argument
+ - new function, rl_replace_from_history, replaces readline line
+ buffer with text from history entry passed as argument (undocumented,
+ not in readline.h because it requires a definition of
+ HIST_ENTRY for the prototype)
+
+lib/readline/readlne.h
+ - new extern declaration for rl_replace_line
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texinfo
+ - documented rl_replace_line
+
+lib/readline/{isearch,readline,search}.c
+ - use rl_replace_line and rl_replace_from_history where appropriate
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - broke the code that sets point after moving through the history
+ (_rl_history_preserve_point and _rl_history_saved_point) out
+ into a separate function, _rl_history_set_point()
+
+lib/readline/{complete.c,rlprivate.h}
+ - find_completion_word -> _rl_find_completion_word
+ - free_match_list -> _rl_free_match_list
+
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - postprocess_matches and _rl_free_match_list now return immediately
+ if passed a null match list
+
+variables.c
+ - new function, find_local_variable, finds a local variable by name
+ at the current variable context
+ - in find_variable_internal, call find_local_variable before searching
+ any of the temporary environments if variable_context > 0 (meaning
+ we're in a shell function). This lets a local variable
+ override a variable whose value was passed in the `function
+ environment'
+
+ 1/15
+ ----
+variables.h, execute_cmd.c
+ - declare variables describing the temporary environments in
+ variables.h instead of in C files
+
+findcmd.c, builtins/setattr.def
+ - instead of calling find_tempenv_variable, use find_variable_internal
+ and check whether the returned SHELL_VAR * has the tempvar
+ attribute
+
+variables.c
+ - tentative change to lookup order in find_variable_internal so that
+ function local variables are found before variables in
+ function_env when executing a shell function
+ - change make_local_variable to handle making a local variable when
+ a variable with the same name already appears in one of the
+ temporary environments
+ - broke the body of make_var_array out into a new function:
+ static char **make_env_array_from_var_list (SHELL_VAR **vars)
+ - new function, make_var_array_internal, takes a hash table to look
+ in and a pointer to a mapping function and returns a char **
+ environment-style list
+ - make_var_array now just calls make_var_array_internal
+ - new mapping function, local_and_exported, returns all local variables
+ in the current variable context with the export attribute set
+ - new function, make_local_export_array, returns an environment-style
+ char ** array of exported local variables in current context
+ - change environment creation order in maybe_make_export_env to
+ add variables to the environment in opposite order that
+ find_variable_internal uses. This means that local variables in
+ shell functions override variables with the same name in the
+ function_env
+ - change make_local_variable to set the initial value of the
+ variable it creates to NULL to make the `is set' and `is null'
+ tests that the expansion code does work right
+ - change make_local_variable to inherit the value of a variable with
+ the same name from the temporary enviroment
+
+ 1/16
+ ----
+Makefile.in
+ - link bashversion with buildversion.o instead of version.o, for
+ cross-compiling. version.o is for the target system;
+ buildversion.o is for the build system
+
+error.c
+ - add line numbers to internal_error() messages if the shell is
+ not interactive and running a shell script or a -c command
+ - report_error now prints non-zero line numbers for non-interactive
+ shells
+
+test.c
+ - test_syntax_error now calls builtin_error() instead of printing
+ its own messages
+
+builtins/common.c
+ - builtin_error now prints line numbers if a non-interactive shell
+ is running a shell script or a -c command
+
+print_cmd.c
+ - in cprintf, remove free_argp, since it's not used
+
+builtins/history.def
+ - make `history -n' increment the number of history lines in this
+ session by the number of lines read from the history file
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - fix array_value_internal to expand the subscript even if the
+ variable is unset, so side effects produced by the arithmetic
+ evaluation will take place
+
+lib/readline/doc/{rluser,rltech}.texinfo
+ - some fixes for printing in @smallbook format from Brian
+ Youmans
+
+ 1/17
+ ----
+jobs.h
+ - new PRUNNING, PSTOPPED, PDEADPROC defines for PROCESSes, analogous
+ to RUNNING, STOPPED, and DEADJOB defines for jobs
+
+jobs.c
+ - use PS_RUNNING, PS_DONE, PS_STOPPED values for `running' field
+ of a PROCESS
+ - find_pipeline and find_job now take an additional flags argument
+ that, if non-zero, means to find only running processes; changed
+ all callers
+ - changed calls to find_pipeline and find_job made from waitchld
+ to find only running processes
+ - find_pipeline takes a third argument: an int *. If it looks in
+ the jobs list to find the pid, and the arg is non-null, it passes
+ the job index back to the caller. Used to avoid calls to
+ find_pipeline immediately followed by find_job with the same PID
+
+nojobs.c
+ - a couple of changes to make sure that set_pid_status is never
+ called with a pid argument of 0 or -1
+
+trap.c
+ - change trap_handler to longjmp to wait_intr_buf (set by wait_builtin)
+ if a signal is received for which a trap has been set during
+ execution of the wait builtin (need to include builtins.h and
+ builtins/builtext.h and declare some extern variables for the
+ right things to check)
+ - new variable to keep track of which signal caused the longjmp to
+ wait_intr_buf, set by trap_handler (wait_signal_received)
+
+builtins/wait.def
+ - set the return value of wait when a longjmp(wait_intr_buf, 1) is
+ done to 128 + wait_signal_received
+
+{jobs,nojobs}.c
+ - set wait_signal_received to SIGINT in wait_sigint_handler before
+ the longjmp(wait_intr_buf, 1)
+
+ 1/18
+ ----
+bashline.c
+ - turn off rl_filename_completion_desired when completing a command
+ name with a single match only if the first char of that match is
+ not a `/'
+ - if there are multiple identical matches for a command name in
+ attempt_shell_completion, turn off rl_filename_completion_desired
+ if the first char is not a `/' to avoid readline appending a
+ slash if there's a directory with the same name in the current
+ directory
+
+ 1/22
+ ----
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - new variable, _rl_page_completions, to control whether we want to
+ run the internal pager when listing completions (defaults to 1)
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - extern declaration for _rl_page_completions
+
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - new bindable variable, `page-completions', controls value of
+ _rl_page_completions
+
+lib/readline/doc/{rluser.texinfo,readline.3}, doc/bash.1
+ - documented `page-completions' variable
+
+Makefile.in
+ - use $(INSTALL_SCRIPT) instead of $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) to install
+ `bashbug'
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - fix small quoting problem in RL_LIB_READLINE_VERSION macro
+
+lib/readline/terminal.c
+ - fetch and save terminal's `vs' and `ve' cursor control attributes
+ - fetch and save terminal's `kI' attribute (string sent by Insert)
+ - new function, _rl_set_cursor, sets cursor to normal (insert mode)
+ or very visible (overwrite mode)
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - new global variable, rl_insert_mode
+ - new function to toggle overwrite mode, rl_overwrite_mode
+ - each new line starts in insert mode
+ - switching to vi mode or emacs mode resets to insert mode
+ - reset cursor to normal before returning line
+ - _rl_replace_text now returns the number of characters inserted,
+ the return value from rl_insert_text
+ - new function, _rl_insert_or_replace_text (const char *string, int insert),
+ either inserts STRING or replaces the number of chars in STRING
+ with STRING starting at rl_point, depending on value of INSERT
+ - renamed rl_insert to _rl_insert_char, rl_insert just calls
+ _rl_insert_char with the same arguments when in insert mode
+ - new function, _rl_overwrite_char, handles self-insert in overwrite
+ mode. Does multibyte chars by reading an entire multibyte character
+ before entering overwrite loop
+ - new function, _rl_overwrite_rubout, handles RUBOUT when in
+ overwrite mode, called from rl_rubout
+ - new function, _rl_rubout_char, old body of rl_rubout; rl_rubout
+ calls this when not in overwrite mode
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - extern declarations for rl_insert_mode and rl_overwrite_mode()
+
+lib/readline/rldefs.h
+ - define constants for values of rl_insert_mode
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - extern declarations for _rl_set_cursor and _rl_set_insert_mode
+ - change type of _rl_replace_text to return int
+ - extern declarations for _rl_insert_char, _rl_rubout_char
+
+lib/readline/funmap.c
+ - new bindable name `overwrite-mode', bound to rl_overwrite_mode
+
+lib/readline/rlconf.h
+ - define CURSOR_MODE if you want the cursor to show insert or
+ overwrite mode (only available if both `vs' and `ve' capabilities
+ are present)
+
+lib/readline/{complete,parens,readline,search,vi_mode}.c
+ - change calls to rl_insert to _rl_insert_char
+
+lib/readline/{readline,search}.c
+ - change calls to rl_rubout to _rl_rubout_char to avoid overwrite
+ mode problems
+
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - fix rl_vi_overstrike to just call _rl_overwrite_char, which
+ handles multibyte chars
+
+lib/readline/doc/{rluser.texinfo,readline.3}, doc/bash.1
+ - document new `overwrite-mode' command
+
+ 1/23
+ ----
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - return 0 immediately from rl_insert_text if the string to insert
+ is NULL or ""
+
+bashline.c
+ - if a numeric argument is given to one of the bash-specific glob
+ pattern completion functions (including TAB), append a `*' to
+ the word before generating matches
+ - in attempt_shell_completion, when doing glob completion, only
+ set the match list to NULL if rl_completion_type == TAB and
+ there is more than one completion. This permits listing completions
+ with double tabs and displaying ambiguous completions
+ - new function, bash_glob_complete_word, appends a `*' to the word
+ to be completed and then globs it. It uses a new filename
+ quoting function (bash_glob_quote_filename) to avoid quoting
+ globbing characters in the filename if there are no matches or
+ multiple matches
+
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - set completion_changed_buffer to 0 in rl_complete_internal if
+ no matches were produced by the completion generator function
+ - new variable, rl_completion_suppress_append, suppresses appending
+ of rl_completion_append_character. Settable by application
+ completion functions, always 0 when application completion
+ functions are called (set to 0 by rl_complete_internal and
+ rl_menu_complete)
+ - broke the code that assigns default values to readline completion
+ variables out of rl_complete_internal and rl_menu_complete into
+ a new function, set_completion_defaults (int what_to_do)
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - extern declaration for rl_completion_suppress_append
+
+lib/readline/doc/rluser.texinfo, doc/bash.1
+ - documented behavior of glob-expand-word and glob-list-expansions
+ when supplied a numeric argument
+ - documented glob-complete-word
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texinfo
+ - documented rl_completion_suppress_append
+
+ 1/24
+ ----
+lib/readline/text.c
+ - new file, text and character handling functions from readline.c
+
+lib/readline/misc.c
+ - new file, miscellanous bindable functions and their supporting
+ code from readline.c
+
+Makefile.in, lib/readline/Makefile.in
+ - changes for text.c, misc.c
+
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - change ISKMAP case of rl_invoking_keyseqs_in_map to output
+ ESC as "\M-" instead of "\e" -- it's closer to the documentation
+ - change _rl_get_keyname to output ESC as \e instead of \C-[
+ (it's easier to understand)
+
+pcomplete.h
+ - new flag, COPT_NOSPACE
+
+builtins/complete.def
+ - new `-o nospace' option for complete and compgen (though it doesn't
+ really do anything for compgen, since that doesn't hand anything
+ off to readline)
+
+bashline.c
+ - if a programmable completion specifies COPT_NOSPACE, set
+ rl_completion_suppress_append = 1
+
+lib/readline/doc/rluser.texinfo
+ - documented new `-o nospace' option to complete and compgen
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - documented $'\cX' escape sequence (forgot to before)
+
+ 1/28
+ ----
+variables.c
+ - make_new_variable now takes the HASH_TABLE * as its second
+ argument; changed callers
+ - new function, bind_variable_in_table, takes the HASH_TABLE * as
+ its third paramter; bind_variable calls bind_variable_in_table
+ with shell_variables as third argument
+
+variables.h
+ - new struct var_context, variable context (per-scope -- global,
+ function local, etc.)
+
+variables.[ch],builtins/common.[ch]
+ - moved functions that push and pop a variable context from
+ builtins/common.c to variables.c; move extern function
+ declarations to variables.h
+ - new function, all_local_variables
+ - variable_in_context is now static, used only by all_local_variables
+
+variables.[ch],execute_cmd.c
+ - push_context now takes the function name as an argument for
+ future use
+ - push_context takes an indication of whether or not the function is
+ executing in a subshell and saves the positional parameters only
+ if not in a subshell
+ - new functions for managing a stack of variable contexts and
+ scopes: new_var_context, dispose_var_context, push_var_context,
+ pop_var_context, push_scope, pop_scope
+
+builtins/declare.def
+ - call all_local_variables instead of map_over (...) in declare_internal
+ - don't call make_local_variable if we're looking at functions
+ ((flags_on & att_function) != 0), since it's wasted
+ - make sure VAR is set to NULL if check for variable_context fails
+ and we didn't just create or fetch a local variable in
+ declare_internal
+ - in non-function branch of declare_internal, only call find_variable
+ if VAR is NULL -- if it's not null, we just created or fetched a
+ local variable and don't need to do it again
+
+ 1/29
+ ----
+variables.[ch]
+ - the temporary environments (temporary_env, builtin_env, function_env)
+ are now HASH_TABLEs instead of argv-style arrays of strings (this
+ is an intermediate step on the way to the new lcc-inspired symbol
+ table scope structure)
+ - new internal attribute for variables: att_propagate. This means
+ to propagate the value out of the temporary environment up the
+ (for now implicit) chain of variable scopes when the containing
+ temporary environment is deleted
+
+variables.c
+ - assign_in_env now adds to the HASH_TABLE temporary_env instead
+ of making environment-style strings in an array of strings
+ - changed the way the temporary environments are merged into the
+ shell variable table to account for the new HASH_TABLE temp
+ environments
+ - changed the way the export environment is created due to the new
+ structure of the temporary environments
+ - new function, bind_variable_internal (name, value, table), binds
+ NAME to have VALUE in TABLE without searching the temporary
+ environments
+ - removed: shell_var_from_env_string, bind_name_in_env_array
+ - variable_in_context now checks the att_local attribute and makes
+ sure the variable is not invisible
+ - local_and_exported now makes sure the variable is not invisible
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - we no longer need to copy the temporary environment to function_env
+ or builtin_env, we can simply use variable assignments
+
+{findcmd,subst,variables}.c, builtins/{declare,setattr}.def
+ - since variables from the temporary environments are no longer turned
+ into SHELL_VARs on the fly, don't dispose the SHELL_VAR returned
+ by find_variable or find_variable_internal
+ - need to savestring() the value returned by find_variable if it has
+ the tempvar attribute before calling bind_variable on it, because
+ bind_variable will search and bind into the temporary environments
+ and will free the old value before binding the new. For temporary
+ environments, these two pointers will be the same, and
+ bind_tempenv_variable will end up using freed memory
+
+builtins/{declare,setattr}.def
+ - set the att_propagate attribute when exporting or making readonly
+ variables from the temp environment (i.e., `var=value declare -x var'
+ or `var=value export var' sets the propagate attribute on the entry
+ for `var' in the temporary environment HASH_TABLE)
+
+lib/readline/isearch.c
+ - ^W when reading isearch string yanks the current word out of the
+ current line into the search string, skipping the portion already
+ matched
+ - ^Y when reading isearch string yanks the rest of the current line
+ into the search string, skipping the portion already matched
+
+ 1/30
+ ----
+{print_cmd,variables}.c
+ - moved indirection_level_string() from variables.c to print_cmd.c
+
+{externs,variables}.h
+ - moved extern declaration of indirection_level_string to externs.h
+
+{general,variables}.c
+ - moved assignment() from variables.c to general.c
+
+{general,variables}.h
+ - moved extern declaration of assignment() to general.h
+
+{externs,input}.h
+ - moved extern declaration of decode_prompt_string to externs.h
+
+print_cmd.c
+ - include flags.h, don't include stdc.h
+
+variables.c
+ - moved some functions around to group functions better
+ - changed new_shell_variable to explicitly initialize each member
+ of the created struct variable instead of calling bzero()
+ - make_new_variable now just calls new_shell_variable instead
+ of duplicating what it does
+ - removed some code in bind_function that duplicated what
+ new_variable does on the newly-created SHELL_VAR
+ - since there are no local function variables (functions are always
+ made at the global scope), kill_all_local_variables() doesn't
+ need to consider functions
+
+ 1/31
+ ----
+variables.c
+ - sort the array of special variables
+ - short-circuit the search in stupidly_hack_special_variables if
+ the passed name can't be found in the rest of the array
+ (that is, if name[0] < special_vars[i].name[0])
+
+lib/readline/history.c
+ - unstifle_history() was returning values exactly opposite of
+ the documentation
+
+lib/readline/doc/{hsuser.texinfo,history.3}
+ - clarified the unstifle_history() documentation a little
+
+ 2/4
+ ---
+variables.c
+ - in bind_variable, don't call bind_tempenv_variable after a
+ find_tempenv_variable succeeds -- just change the value inline.
+ There's no reason to look it up twice
+ - change makunbound to only call stupidly_hack_special_variables
+ if we're not unsetting a function
+
+variables.[ch]
+ - new function, unbind_function, like makunbound but doesn't mess
+ with previous contexts or calling stupidly_hack_special_variables
+
+builtins/set.def
+ - change unset_builtin to call either unbind_func or unbind_variable
+
+builtins/getopts.def
+ - call unbind_variable(name) instead of makunbound(name, shell_variables)
+
+ 2/5
+ ---
+lib/glob/sm_loop.c
+ - use malloc instead of xmalloc in BRACKMATCH and handle failures
+
+error.c
+ - add extern declaration of executing_line_number with prototype,
+ since execute_cmd.h can't be included without including other
+ files
+
+lib/readline/parens.c
+ - include <unistd.h>
+
+lib/malloc/stats.c
+ - include <unistd.h>
+ - add extern declaration of malloc_free_blocks() with prototype
+
+pathexp.c
+ - added some forward declarations with prototypes for static functions
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - removed declarations of rl_untranslate_keyseq, rl_discard_argument,
+ rl_stop_output, rl_alphabetic since they appear in readline.h
+
+ 2/6
+ ---
+{arrayfunc,execute_cmd,pcomplete,shell}.c
+ - change calls to makunbound(name, shell_variables) to
+ unbind_variable (name)
+
+ 2/7
+ ---
+builtins/getopt.c
+ - don't defer incrementing of OPTIND when an invalid option is
+ encountered until the next call to sh_getopt() -- what if OPTIND
+ is reset before that next call? This means that OPTIND is always
+ incremented to the next option to be handled when an option is
+ returned, whether it's valid or not. This is what POSIX-2002
+ says to do.
+
+syntax.h
+ - new #define, CSUBSTOP
+
+mksyntax.c
+ - add "-=?+" with value CSUBSTOP to the syntax table. These are the
+ valid expansion operators OP in ${param[:]OPword}
+
+subst.c
+ - use table lookup for CSUBSTOP in VALID_PARAM_EXPAND_CHAR
+ - new flags for the string extraction functions: EX_NOALLOC. This
+ indicates that the functions are being used only to skip over
+ strings and the result won't be used, so the substring shouldn't
+ be allocated, copied, and freed
+ - new flag for string_extract: EX_VARNAME. This serves the same
+ purpose as the old `varname' parameter. parameter_brace_expand()
+ changed appropriately
+ - extract_delimited_string and extract_dollar_brace_string now take
+ an additional `flags' argument, which may include EX_NOALLOC
+ - changed callers of extract_delimited_string and
+ extract_dollar_brace_string appropriately
+ - string_extract now understands EX_NOALLOC; callers changed
+ - some smaller code cleanups
+ - converted char_is_quoted(), unclosed_pair(), and skip_to_delim()
+ to understand multibyte characters
+
+ 2/11
+ ----
+variables.[ch]
+ - moved to a symbol organization inspired by lcc. The basic structure
+ is no longer a HASH_TABLE, but a VAR_CONTEXT, which includes a hash
+ table as one of its members. VAR_CONTEXTs are linked together to do
+ variable scoping. One nice thing about this is that the entire
+ symbol table doesn't need to be searched at function scope exit to
+ remove local variables. Fixes problems with only one instance of
+ builtin_env and function_env, even though it really is a stack
+ - shell_variables is now a VAR_CONTEXT *, with a global_variables
+ variable that points to the bottom of the stack for fast access
+ - function-scope local variables (assignments specified on the command
+ line before a function call) and function-local variables (declared
+ with the `local' builtin) have been unified in the same variable
+ context, replacing function_env
+ - assignment statements preceding the `.' and `eval' builtins are now
+ a separate variable scope VAR_CONTEXT, replacing builtin_env
+ - temporary_env (a HASH_TABLE) is now the only separate environment
+ - changes to export environment creation, variable binding, variable
+ lookup, local variable propagation all changed to work with the
+ new symbol table/scope structure
+ - a SHELL_VAR no longer has a `prev_context' member; it's not needed
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - changes to push_context calls to include any temporary variables in
+ temporary_env; pop_context takes care of propagating any temporary
+ variables if necessary
+ - calls to push_scope if `eval' or `.' is called with a list of
+ preceding variable assignments, and pop_scope called at end of
+ builtin's execution. pop_scope takes care of merging temporary
+ variables into the shell environment when appropriate
+
+builtins/{setattr,declare}.def
+ - changes to account for variable assignments preceding `local',
+ `export', `readonly', `declare', etc. to work with the new
+ variable scoping implementation
+
+shell.c
+ - since shell_variables is now a VAR_CONTEXT, call
+ delete_all_contexts() when the shell is reinitializing instead of
+ delete_all_variables()
+
+builtins/common.c
+ - new function, get_job_by_name(), used by execute_simple_command()
+ for the `auto_resume' stuff and get_job_spec()
+
+builtins/common.h
+ - new set of #defined constants for flags argument to
+ get_job_by_name()
+
+ 2/12
+ ----
+command.h
+ - new redirection operator: r_reading_string for `here strings'
+
+parse.y
+ - new token, LESS_LESS_LESS, for new redirection `here string'
+ operator: [N]<<< word
+ - recognize LESS_LESS_LESS and create the appropriate redirection
+
+{dispose_cmd,copy_cmd,make_cmd,print_cmd}.c
+ - recognize r_reading_string and do the right thing (dispose_redirects,
+ copy_redirect, print_redirection, and make_redirection, respectively)
+
+redir.c
+ - here_document_to_fd now takes the redirection operator as its
+ second argument
+ - new function, write_here_string, expands a here string and writes it
+ to the here document file descriptor
+ - here_document_to_fd calls write_here_string for r_reading_string
+ operator
+ - handle r_reading_string in do_redirection_internal() and
+ stdin_redirection()
+
+ 2/18
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - documented here strings
+
+{configure,Makefile}.in
+ - bumped version number up to bash-2.05b and the release status
+ to alpha1
+
+expr.c
+ - make expr_streval understand that variables with the `invisible'
+ attribute are really unset, and accessing such a variable when
+ `set -u' is set should be an error
+
+variables.h
+ - new accessor macros: var_isset(var) and var_isnull(var), test
+ whether var->value is NULL
+
+{eval,subst,variables}.c, builtins/{declare,setattr}.def
+ - be more consistent about using value_cell(var) instead of
+ directly referencing var->value
+ - use var_isset and var_isnull where appropriate
+
+builtins/help.def
+ - augmented a couple of help strings with pointers to `info' and
+ `man -k'
+
+ 2/14
+ ----
+variables.h
+ - new macros to use when setting variable values directly instead of
+ through bind_variable and its siblings
+
+{arrayfunc,variables}.c
+ - use var_setarray and other lvalue macros instead of assigning to
+ var->value directly
+
+builtins/setattr.def
+ - change show_var_attributes to show function definitions separately
+ from function attributes. This allows the output of `declare -f'
+ (with other flags), `export -f', and `readonly -f' to be reused as
+ shell input, instead of the old
+
+ declare -f[flags] func()
+ {
+ foo
+ }
+
+ which has syntax errors. When in posix mode, `export -fp' and
+ `readonly -fp' still don't print function definitions
+
+ 2/16
+ ----
+parse.y
+ - comment out calls to discard_parser_constructs; no need to call
+ empty functions
+
+ 2/18
+ ----
+lib/sh/memset.c
+ - replacement function for memset(3)
+
+lib/sh/Makefile.in, Makefile.in
+ - additions for memset.c
+
+configure.in,config.h.in
+ - check for memset, define HAVE_MEMSET if found, add memset.o to
+ LIBOBJS if not
+
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - removed zmemset(), replaced with calls to memset(3)
+
+{subst,execute_cmd,lib/sh/netopen}.c
+ - replaced calls to bzero with calls to memset
+
+subst.c
+ - word_split() now takes a second argument: the value of $IFS, so
+ it doesn't have to look up IFS every time
+ - word_list_split() now calls getifs() and passes the result to
+ each call to word_split() as its second arg
+ - do a quick scan for CTLNUL in remove_quoted_nulls before allocating
+ new string, copying old string to it, copying over original string
+ and freeing new string
+
+eval.c
+ - don't bother calling dispose_used_env_vars if temporary_env is NULL
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - fix fix_assignment_words to only look up the builtin corresponding
+ to the first word if one of the words in the list is marked as
+ W_ASSIGNMENT
+
+hashlib.c
+ - renamed hash_string to hash_bucket, which better reflects what it
+ does
+ - extracted the portion of hash_bucket that computes the hash out
+ into a new hash_string()
+ - made new body of hash_bucket into a macro HASH_BUCKET; function
+ just calls the macro
+ - calls to hash_bucket in this file now call HASH_BUCKET macro
+ - in add_hash_item, just add a new item at the front of the appropriate
+ bucket list instead of at the end
+
+hashcmd.h
+ - reduced FILENAME_HASH_BUCKETS to 53 from 107
+
+ 2/19
+ ----
+hashlib.[ch]
+ - find_hash_item, remove_hash_item, add_hash_item all take a new
+ third `flags' argument
+ - add_hash_item doesn't call find_hash_item if HASH_NOSRCH passed in
+ flags arg
+ - find_hash_item will create a new hash table entry if HASH_CREATE is
+ passed in flags arg
+ - new function, hash_walk, takes a pointer to a function and a table
+ and calls the function for each item in the table. If the function
+ returns < 0, the walk is terminated
+ - fixed flush_hash_table to set table->nentries to 0 after freeing
+ all entries
+ - BUCKET_CONTENTS now has a new `khash' member, what key hashes to;
+ set by HASH_BUCKET macro (which calls hash_string), assigned in
+ find_hash_item (HASH_CREATE) and add_hash_item
+ - find_hash_item and remove_hash_item check `khash' against the
+ hash of the string argument before calling strcmp
+
+{alias,hashlib,hashcmd,pcomplib,variables}.c
+ - changed all calls to {find,remove,add}_hash_item
+
+builtins/hash.def
+ - return immediately from print_hashed_commands if there are no
+ entries in the hash table (this eliminates need for `any_printed'
+ variable)
+ - change print_hashed_commands to use hash_walk
+
+alias.c
+ - short-circuit all_aliases and map_over_aliases if
+ HASH_ENTRIES(aliases) == 0
+ - simplify map_over_aliases by just allocating enough room in the
+ returned list for all entries in the aliases hash table, instead
+ of doing the check and xrealloc
+ - add_alias now calls add_hash_item with HASH_NOSRCH argument
+
+pcomplete.h
+ - sh_csprint_func_t is no more; use hash_wfunc instead
+
+pcomplib.c
+ - short-circuit print_all_compspecs if HASH_ENTRIES(prog_completes)
+ is 0
+ - print_all_compspecs now takes a `hash_wfunc *' argument
+ - print_all_compspecs now just calls hash_walk
+
+builtins/complete.def
+ - new function, print_compitem, takes a BUCKET_CONTENTS *, extracts
+ the right info, and calls print_one_completion
+
+variables.c
+ - short-circuit map_over_funcs if HASH_ENTRIES(shell_functions) == 0
+ - short-circuit flatten if the passed table has no entries
+ - bind_variable_internal takes a new fourth argument: `hflags',
+ to pass to hash table functions
+ - make_new_variable now passes HASH_NOSRCH flag to add_hash_item
+ - set_if_not now calls bind_variable_internal and passes
+ HASH_NOSRCH as flags argument
+ - bind_function now calls add_hash_item with HASH_NOSRCH argument
+ - fixed make_local_variable: old_var == 0 && was_tmpvar can never
+ be true
+ - if we didn't find an old variable in make_local_variable, call
+ bind_variable_internal with HASH_NOSRCH argument
+ - fix push_temp_var to reset variable context to 0 if binding into
+ global_variables->table
+
+parse.y
+ - fix to parse_compound_assignment to avoid core dumps on empty
+ compound array assignments
+
+subst.c
+ - getifs() is now global so read_builtin can call it
+
+subst.h
+ - extern declaration for getifs()
+
+ 2/20
+ ----
+hashlib.c
+ - changed hash_string to use a better hash function
+ - changed HASH_BUCKET to use masking rather than modulus to hash a
+ string to a bucket -- HASH TABLES MUST NOW BE SIZED BY POWERS
+ OF TWO
+
+hashlib.h
+ - DEFAULT_HASH_BUCKETS is now 64
+
+hashcmd.h
+ - FILENAME_HASH_BUCKETS is now 64
+
+pcomplib.c
+ - COMPLETE_HASH_BUCKETS is now 32
+
+variables.c
+ - TEMPENV_HASH_BUCKETS is now 4
+
+alias.c
+ - new define, ALIAS_HASH_BUCKETS, set to 16, used to size alias table
+
+hashlib.c
+ - removed initialize_hash_table; folded code into make_hash_table
+ - fixed copy_bucket_array to copy the `khash' member of an item
+ - renamed functions to be more systematic and easier for me:
+ make_hash_table -> hash_create
+ hash_table_nentries -> hash_size
+ copy_hash_table -> hash_copy
+ find_hash_item -> hash_search
+ remove_hash_item -> hash_remove
+ add_hash_item -> hash_insert
+ flush_hash_table -> hash_flush
+ dispose_hash_table -> hash_dispose
+ print_table_stats -> hash_pstats
+ get_hash_bucket -> hash_items
+ - changed hash_search to short-circuit if table->nentries == 0 and
+ HASH_CREATE has not been passed in the flags argument
+
+{alias,variables,hashcmd,pcomplib}.c
+ - renamed calls to all renamed functions from hashlib.c
+
+builtins/kill.def
+ - don't drop a leading `-' in a pid argument
+ - call kill_pid with an explicit third argument of 1 if the pid
+ argument to kill is < -1, rather than rely on the behavior of
+ kill(2)
+
+ 2/21
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - quoted_strchr is no longer declared `inline'
+ - skip_double_quoted is no longer declared `inline'
+ - string_extract_double_quoted is no longer declared `inline'
+
+lib/readline/input.c
+ - rl_gather_tyi is now an `int' valued function; returns the number
+ of characters read (0 or 1) or -1 on error
+ - if rl_gather_tyi() returns -1 to rl_read_key(), set rl_done to 1
+ and return a newline; something is wrong with the input fd
+
+ 2/25
+ ----
+variables.[ch]
+ - IFS is now a special variable
+ - new special var function, sv_ifs(), called when IFS is set or unset
+ - call setifs() when IFS is first set in initialize_shell_variables
+ - call setifs() from make_local_variable and assign_in_env if
+ appropriate
+ - if assign_in_env() is called with a var assignment like `VAR=',
+ make the value in the new SHELL_VAR created be "" like
+ do_assignment_internal does, since certain parts of the shell use
+ a NULL value as evidence that the variable is unset (though
+ attributes may have been assigned)
+ - if push_temp_var pushes something up to the global_variables table,
+ make sure that the context is set to 0
+ - new function dispose_temporary_env, called by both
+ dispose_used_env_vars and merge_temporary_env with different `free
+ func' function pointers; calls sv_ifs after disposing the temporary
+ environment
+ - push_exported_var now calls bind_variable_internal instead of
+ bind_variable
+ - pop_scope and pop_context now call sv_ifs
+
+subst.[ch]
+ - new global variables used to keep track of IFS state, to avoid
+ having to call find_variable("IFS") all the time:
+
+ ifs_var the SHELL_VAR for IFS
+ ifs_value ifs_var ? value_cell (ifs_var) : " \t\n"
+ ifs_cmap bitmap of characters in ifs_value
+ ifs_firstc first character in ifs_value
+
+ - new function setifs(), sets the aforementioned ifs variables each
+ time IFS is set or unset, and at nested scope exit
+ - instead of calling getifs() from inside subst.c, use ifs_value
+ - getifs() now just returns ifs_value
+ - use ifs_firstc in string_list_dollar_star()
+ - only call member() in issep() if separators is more than one char
+ - don't cache a bitmap every time expand_word_internal() is called;
+ use ifs_cmap instead
+ - new macro, isifs(c), checks whether C is in ifs_cmap
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - use issep() and isifs() macros instead of looking at $IFS directly
+
+syntax.h
+ - make sure macros that access sh_syntaxtab cast the argument to
+ `unsigned char' before array access
+ - new macros: issyntype(c, type) and notsyntype(c, type), check
+ sh_syntaxtab[c] for a particular flag value `type'
+
+ 2/26
+ ----
+hashlib.h
+ - the `data' member of a `BUCKET_CONTENTS' is now a PTR_T
+
+{hashlib,alias,variables,hashcmd,pcomplib}.c
+ - removed some casts when assigning to and using `data' member of a
+ `BUCKET_CONTENTS'
+
+subst.c
+ - in split_at_delims, call make_word_list instead of allocating and
+ initializing a WORD_LIST * directly
+
+make_cmd.[ch]
+ - add_string_to_list is now just a macro that calls make_word_list
+ - make_simple_command now calls make_word_list instead of allocating
+ a WORD_LIST * directly
+
+ 2/27
+ ----
+copy_cmd.c
+ - copy_word now calls make_bare_word to allocate the copy
+ - copy_word_list now calls make_word_list to allocate the copy
+
+shell.h
+ - include `ocache.h' for simple object caching
+ - call cmd_init() to initialize the WORD_DESC and WORD_LIST object
+ caches
+
+{make,dispose}_cmd.c
+ - allocate WORD_DESC * and WORD_LIST * vars from their respective
+ ocaches, and return them to the cache when disposing
+
+jobs.c
+ - renamed old `waiting_for_job' variable to `queue_sigchld', which
+ better reflects its intent: sigchld_handler does not call waitchld
+ if `queue_sigchld' is non-zero, it simply increments the count of
+ waiting children
+ - cleanup_dead_jobs now just sets and clears queue_sigchld instead of
+ blocking and unblocking SIGCHLD; it calls waitchld at the end if
+ `sigchld' is non-zero, but that's not really necessary
+ - in setjstatus, only call xrealloc if `statsize' is less than the
+ number of processes passed -- no reason to do it if they're the
+ same
+
+ 2/28
+ ----
+sig.[ch]
+ - reinitialize_signals is no more; initialize_signals takes an
+ argument saying whether or not we are reinitializing
+
+builtins/exec.def
+ - reinitialize_signals() -> initialize_signals(1)
+
+test.c
+ - fix filecomp() to work right when one file has a non-positive
+ timestamp and the other file does not exist
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document what happens for test's -nt and -ot operators when one
+ file operand exists and the other does not
+
+jobs.c
+ - if we haven't messed with SIGTTOU, just manipulate queue_sigchld
+ in notify_of_job_status instead of calling sigprocmask()
+ - list_one_job now calls pretty_print_job directly instead of going
+ through print_job
+ - pretty_print_job now must be called with SIGCHLD blocked or held
+ instead of blocking SIGCHLD itself
+ - changed start_job so that it doesn't call UNBLOCK_CHILD and then
+ immediately call BLOCK_CHILD again (explicitly or via last_pid()),
+ call find_last_pid instead of last_pid and then UNBLOCK_CHILD
+ - changed wait_for_job the same way
+ - find_last_pid now takes a second argument: block; uses BLOCK_CHILD
+ if `block' is 1, not otherwise. Changed existing calls:
+ find_last_pid(j) -> find_last_pid(j, 0)
+ last_pid(j) -> find_last_pid(j, 1)
+ `last_pid()' is now gone
+ - rewrote wait_for_background_pids(); it was a little strange
+
+copy_cmd.c
+ - copy_if_command: don't copy null false_case commands
+ - copy_simple_command: don't copy a null redirection list
+
+subst.c
+ - in get_word_from_string and list_string, just check for " \t\n"
+ directly rather than calling strcmp
+ - in get_word_from_string and strip_trailing_ifs_whitespace, use
+ isifs() instead of issep(), since they're never called with
+ separators != $IFS
+ - change issep() to call isifs if separators is longer than one
+ character, since it's never called with anything but "", " ",
+ or $IFS
+
+ 3/1
+ ---
+sig.h
+ - enclose the BLOCK_SIGNAL macro in a do {...} while (0) loop, at it
+ should have been all along
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texinfo
+ - document that readline defaults to stdin/stdout if rl_instream/
+ rl_outstream are NULL
+
+lib/readline/terminal.c
+ - if an application is using a custom redisplay function,
+ rl_resize_terminal just calls rl_forced_update_display to tell
+ (*rl_redisplay_func) to update the display, otherwise call
+ _rl_redisplay_after_sigwinch
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - change readline_internal_setup() so the change to vi insertion mode
+ happens even if readline_echoing_p is 0
+ - don't print the prompt to rl_outstream in readline_internal_setup
+ if we're not echoing and the caller has defined a custom redisplay
+ function -- let the redisplay function deal with it
+
+configure.in
+ - new option: --enable-mem-scramble, controls memory scrambling on
+ free() (on by default; only affects use of bash malloc)
+
+config.h.in
+ - new option MEMSCRAMBLE, controlled by --enable-mem-scramble
+
+ 3/5
+ ---
+parse.y
+ - added ksh-like behavior of [...] to read_token_word: if a `[' is
+ seen in an assignment context and the previous characters in the
+ token form a valid identifier, parse the [...] with
+ parse_matched_pair to allow spaces (and newlines) in the subscript
+
+bashline.c
+ - new function bash_servicename_completion_function, for completing
+ service names from /etc/services
+
+bashline.h
+ - new extern declaration for bash_servicename_completion_function
+
+builtins/complete.def
+ - allow new `-s/-A service' option to complete and compgen builtins
+
+pcomplete.h
+ - new CA_SERVICE define, new ITEMLIST variable it_services
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - add callback to bash_servicename_completion_function to generate
+ list of matching service names for completion
+
+doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/rluser.texinfo
+ - documented new `-s/-A service' option to complete and compgen
+
+ 3/6
+ ---
+builtins/read.def
+ - change hard-coded `0' to new variable `fd' (initially 0) in
+ preparation for adding `-u fd' option
+
+bashline.c
+ - bash_directory_completion_hook calls expand_prompt_string instead
+ of expand_string (it does the right thing). This keeps expansion
+ errors from causing a longjmp, which shouldn't happen because of
+ completion
+ - command_subst_completion_function was augmented very slightly to
+ do filename completion on a non-command-word in a command
+ substitution
+ - command_subst_completion_function now skips over the lcd that
+ rl_completion_matches puts in matches[0] if there is more than
+ one possible completion
+
+ 3/7
+ ---
+builtins/read.def
+ - only add the unwind_protect to free `rlbuf' if `edit' is non-zero,
+ since we won't be using readline otherwise
+
+lib/sh/zread.c
+ - renamed zread1 -> zreadintr
+
+redir.c
+ - small change to redirection_error() to make a slightly better
+ guess about the invalid file descriptor if the redirection op is
+ r_duplicating_input or r_duplicating_output
+
+include/stdc.h
+ - new macro, SH_VA_START, to encapsulate the difference between
+ stdarg va_start and varargs va_start
+
+{error,pcomplete,print_cmd}.c,builtins/common.c,lib/sh/snprintf.c
+ - use SH_VA_START
+
+ 3/8
+ ---
+builtins/read.def
+ - support for the ksh-like `-u fd' option
+
+general.c
+ - new function sh_validfd(fd), returns 1 if fd is a valid open file
+ descriptor
+
+general.h
+ - extern decl for sh_validfd
+
+bashline.c
+ - don't call posix_readline_initialize() from initialize_readline();
+ sv_strict_posix() should already have taken care of it
+
+ 3/11
+ ----
+{error,pcomplete,print_cmd}.c, builtins/common.c
+ - removed non-varargs versions of functions
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - if the string argument to %q has non-printing characters, call
+ ansic_quote to quote it rather than sh_backslash_quote
+
+variables.h
+ - new attribute: att_trace (and corresponding trace_p() macro).
+ Functions with this attribute will inherit the DEBUG trap.
+ Currently ignored for variables
+
+builtins/declare.def
+ - new `-t' option to declare/typeset toggle the `att_trace' attribute
+
+builtins/setattr.def
+ - check for att_trace and output `-t' flag in show_var_attributes
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - if a function is being traced (it has the `-t' attribute set),
+ don't turn off the DEBUG trap when it executes
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document the new `-t' option to declare/typeset
+
+ 3/12
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - don't execute the debug trap in the `cm_simple:' case of
+ execute_command_internal; run it in execute_simple_command so we
+ get the line number information right when executing in a shell
+ function
+ - run a DEBUG trap before executing ((...)) arithmetic commands,
+ like ksh93
+ - run a DEBUG trap before executing [[...]] conditional commands,
+ like ksh93
+
+eval.c
+ - add a static forward declaration for alrm_catcher()
+
+general.c
+ - add static forward declarations for bash_special_tilde_expansions,
+ unquoted_tilde_word, initialize_group_array
+
+variables.h
+ - add extern declarations for sh_get_env_value, map_over_funcs,
+ local_exported_variables
+
+variables.c
+ - add static forward declarations for dispose_temporary_env,
+ make_func_export_array
+
+bashhist.c
+ - add static forward declaration for check_history_control
+
+configure.in
+ - add a call to AC_CHECK_DECLS for strcpy
+
+config.h.in
+ - add placeholder for HAVE_DECL_STRCPY define, set by configure
+
+general.h
+ - don't declare strcpy if HAVE_DECL_STRCPY is defined with a non-zero
+ value
+
+sig.h
+ - add prototype to typedef of SigHandler
+
+lib/readline/histlib.h
+ - removed extern declaration of strcpy()
+ - include string.h/strings.h directly in histlib.h instead of source
+ files
+
+lib/readline/{histexpand,histfile,history,histsearch}.c
+ - don't include string.h/strings.h now that histlib.h includes it
+
+lib/tilde/tilde.c
+ - removed extern declaration of strcpy(), rely on string.h/strings.h
+
+command.h
+ - four new redirection types: r_move_input, r_move_output,
+ r_move_input_word, r_move_output_word, for
+ [N]<&word- and [N]>&word- from ksh93
+
+print_cmd.c
+ - changes to print r_move_input[_word] and r_move_output[_word]
+
+copy_cmd.c
+ - changes to copy r_move_input[_word] and r_move_output[_word]
+
+dispose_cmd.c
+ - changes to dispose r_move_input_word and r_move_output_word
+
+make_cmd.c
+ - changes to make r_move_input[_word] and r_move_output[_word] from
+ r_duplicating_{input,output}_word, which is how the new redirs
+ are passed by the parser
+
+redir.c
+ - changes to make r_move_input[_word] and r_move_output[_word] do
+ the right thing when executed
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - print an error message and return failure immediately if zread/zreadc
+ return < 0
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - documented new [n]<&word- and [n]>&word- redirections
+
+ 3/13
+ ----
+lib/readline/isearch.c
+ - enabled code to allow chars bound to rl_rubout to delete characters
+ from the incremental search string
+
+shell.c
+ - add `-l' invocation option to parse_shell_options; equivalent to
+ `--login'
+ - fixed set_login_shell to check first char of base pathname of argv0
+ for `-', like other shells
+ - move the check for make_login_shell after the call to
+ parse_shell_options because the `-l' option might set it
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - documented new `-l' invocation option
+
+array.c
+ - new function, array_shift, shifts an array left by a specified
+ number of elements
+ - array_walk is now compiled in by default
+ - array_to_assignment_string now takes a second argument: int quoted.
+ If non-zero, the result is single-quoted before being returned
+ - quoted_array_assignment_string has been removed
+
+array.[ch]
+ - renamed most of the array functions so that all have an array_
+ prefix and are more systematically named
+ - array_slice now preserves the indicies from the original array
+ - change array_to_assign to use a static buffer for expanding the
+ array indices, instead of malloc/free
+
+{arrayfunc,subst,variables}.c, builtins/read.def
+ - changed calls to various array functions to use new names
+
+lib/sh/stringvec.c, externs.h
+ - renamed all of the functions to have a strvec_ prefix and to have
+ a more sensible name scheme
+ - strvec_search's arguments are now supplied in reverse order, so
+ the char **array is first, like the other functions
+ - new function, strvec_resize, xrealloc for strvecs
+
+{alias,array,bracecomp,braces,bashline,execute_cmd,findcmd,general,pathexp,
+pcomplete,variables}.c
+lib/sh/stringlist.c
+builtins/{bind,complete,exec,getopts,pushd,set}.def
+ - change calls to all functions from lib/sh/stringvec.c
+ - use strvec_resize where appropriate
+
+externs.h
+ - only declare dup2() if HAVE_DUP2 is undefined or DUP2_BROKEN is
+ defined
+
+lib/readline/{macro,readline,util}.c, lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - _rl_defining_kbd_macro is gone, use RL_ISSTATE(RL_STATE_MACRODEF)
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - new struct readline_state, encapsulates most of readline's internal
+ state in case you need reentrancy or nested calls to readline()
+ - extern declarations for rl_save_state, rl_restore_state
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - add (undocumented) int rl_save_state (struct readline_state *),
+ int rl_restore_state (struct readline_state *)
+
+ 3/14
+ ----
+array.[ch]
+ - new function, array_rshift, shifts an array right by a specified
+ number of elements, optionally inserting a new element 0
+
+examples/bashdb/bashdb
+ - new single-file version of bash debugger, originally modified from
+ version in bash-2.04 by Gary Vaughan (the old debugger still
+ appears in examples/obashdb). This version has a more gdb-like
+ command set
+
+examples/bashdb/bashdb.el
+ - new emacs bashdb debugger mode from Masatake YAMATO <jet@gyve.org>
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - don't make $LINENO relative to function start unless the shell is
+ currently interactive -- this is what ksh93 does and what I
+ believe to be the intent of POSIX.2 (this required changing some
+ of the test checks because the output has changed)
+ - run the debug trap for each command in an arithmetic for expression,
+ like ksh93 does
+
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - redid rl_vi_subst (binding func for `s' and `S') in terms of
+ rl_vi_change_to: `S' == `cc' and `s' == `c '. This makes undo
+ work right
+
+ 3/18
+ ----
+hashlib.c
+ - fixed hash_walk to return if the item function returns < 0, instead
+ of breaking out of the current hash chain
+
+array.c
+ - fixed array_walk to return if the item function returns < 0, like
+ hash_walk
+
+lib/sh/stringlist.c, externs.h
+ - new function: strlist_walk, takes a stringlist and a pointer to an
+ item func. Like other _walk funcs, if item func returns < 0 the
+ walk is cancelled
+ - new function: strlist_flush, frees items in the contained list
+ with strvec_flush
+ - renamed functions to have a strlist_ prefix and be more systematic
+
+pcomplib.c,pcomplete.h
+ - removed redundant `progcomp_initialized' variable
+ - renamed functions to have `progcomp_' or `compspec_' prefixes
+ like the hash library
+
+{bashline,pcomplete}.c,builtins/complete.def
+ - fixed calls to stringlist functions to use new names
+ - fixed calls to functions in pcomplib.c to use new names
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - made the debugging code #ifdef DEBUG -- it should be mature enough
+
+builtins/hash.def,parse.y
+ - use REVERSE_LIST(x, t) instead of (t)reverse_list(x)
+
+list.c,{externs,general}.h
+ - renamed the list functions to have a list_ prefix, changed callers
+
+externs.h,{execute_cmd,stringlib,subst}.c,builtins/common.c,lib/sh/stringvec.c
+ - word_list_to_argv -> strvec_from_word_list
+ - argv_to_word_list -> strvec_to_word_list
+ - moved functions to lib/sh/stringvec.c
+
+lib/sh/stringvec.c
+ - changed name of second argument to strvec_from_word_list from `copy'
+ to `alloc' so the use of `copy' between strvec_from_word_list and
+ strvec_to_word_list isn't as confusing
+ - changed name and sense of second argument to
+ strvec_to_word_list from `copy' to `alloc' for the same reason --
+ now both functions agree on semantics of second argument
+
+lib/sh/stringlist.c
+ - ditto for strlist_from_word_list and strlist_to_word_list
+
+subst.c
+ - changed callers of strvec_to_word_list
+
+ 3/19
+ ----
+builtins/hash.def
+ - added `-l' option to list table or individual targets in reusable
+ format
+ - added `-d' option to remove one or more names from the table of
+ hashed commands (provides `unhash' or `unalias -t' functionality)
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - documented new `-l' and `-d' options to `hash'
+
+hashcmd.[ch]
+ - renamed functions to have a `phash_' prefix and follow new naming
+ convention
+ - phash_remove now returns an int: 1 if command not in hash table,
+ 0 if filename removed OK
+
+{findcmd,variables}.c, builtins/{hash,type}.def
+ - changed callers to use new names from hashcmd.c
+
+builtins/common.[ch]
+ - new function, sh_notfound(s), prints standard `not found' message
+ - new function, sh_invalidid(s), prints standard `invalid identifier'
+ message
+ - new function, sh_restricted(s), prints standard `restricted' message
+ for restricted shells
+ - new function, sh_invalidnum(s), prints standard `invalid number'
+ message
+ - renamed bad_option to sh_invalidopt, changed to print
+ `invalid option' instead of `unknown option'
+ - new function, sh_invalidoptname, prints standard `invalid option
+ name' for long options
+ - new function, sh_badjob (s), prints standard `no such job' message
+ - new function, sh_invalidsig (s), prints standard `invalid signal
+ specification' message
+ - new function, sh_nojobs (s), prints standard `no job control' message
+ - new function, sh_needarg (s), prints standard `option requires an
+ argument' message
+ - new function, sh_neednumarg (s), prints standard `numeric
+ argument required' message
+ - new function, sh_badpid(s), prints standard `not a pid...' message
+ - new function, sh_erange (s, desc) prints standard `out of range'
+ message, optionally using `desc' to say what the argument is
+
+builtins/{alias,command,declare,exec,hash,type}.def
+ - call sh_notfound() instead of calling builtin_error directly
+
+builtins/{declare,getopts,read,set,setattr}.def
+ - call sh_invalidid() instead of calling builtin_error directly
+
+builtins/{cd,command,enable,exec,hash,source}.def
+ - call sh_restricted() instead of calling builtin_error directly
+
+builtins/{printf,read,ulimit}.def, builtins/common.c
+ - call sh_invalidnum instead of calling builtin_error directly
+
+builtins/{complete,declare,pushd,set}.def, builtins/bashgetopt.c
+ - call sh_invalidopt instead of bad_option or builtin_error directly
+
+builtins/{complete,set,shopt}.def
+ - call sh_invalidoptname instead of builtin_error directly
+
+builtins/{fg_bg,jobs,kill,wait}.def
+ - call sh_badjob instead of calling builtin_error directly
+
+builtins/common.c, builtins/{kill,signal}.def
+ - call sh_invalidsig instead of calling builtin_error directly
+
+builtins/{fg_bg,suspend,wait}.def
+ - call sh_nojobs instead of calling builtin_error directly
+
+builtins/{common,bashgetopt}.c, builtins/{hash,kill}.def
+ - call sh_neednumarg and sh_needarg where required
+
+builtins/{kill,wait}.def
+ - call sh_badpid where required
+
+builtins/{break,fc,history,pushd,shift,ulimit,umask}.def
+ - call sh_erange where appropriate
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - new static function, printf_erange, prints standard out-of-range
+ warning message
+
+builtins/set.def
+ - changed so that calls to sh_invalidopt always include the leading
+ `+' or `-'
+
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - changed SHOPT_ERROR macro to shopt_error function
+
+builtins/bind.def
+ - regularized error messages to `bind: object: error string' like
+ other error messages
+
+builtins.h
+ - the `short_doc' member of a `struct builtin' is now of type
+ `const char *'
+ - the strings in `long_doc' array of a struct builtin are now const
+
+builtins/mkbuiltins.c
+ - changes for new `const' members of struct builtin
+
+ 3/20
+ ----
+lib/readline/histfile.c
+ - use pointers instead of indexing into buffer when reading the
+ contents of the history file in read_history_range and
+ history_truncate_file
+
+ 3/21
+ ----
+lib/readline/histfile.c
+ - new file, with code to mmap the history file for reading and
+ writing (depends on HAVE_MMAP, currently nothing checks for that)
+
+ 3/25
+ ----
+error.[ch]
+ - new function, err_badarraysub(s), calls report_error with standard
+ `bad array subscript' message
+ - new function, err_unboundvar(s), calls report_error with standard
+ `unbound variable' message
+ - new function, err_readonly(s), calls report_error with standard
+ `readonly variable' message
+
+{arrayfunc,subst}.c
+ - call err_badarraysub where appropriate
+
+{expr,subst}.c
+ - call err_unboundvar where appropriate
+
+{arrayfunc,variables}.c
+ - call err_readonly where appropriate
+
+shell.c
+ - changed text of bad option error messages to be the same as that
+ printed for builtin errors
+
+builtins/common.c
+ - changed sh_invalidopt to print the invalid option before the rest
+ of the error message (required some tests to be modified)
+ - new function, sh_readonly, calls builtin_error with standard
+ `readonly variable' message
+
+variables.c,builtins/declare.def
+ - call sh_readonly where appropriate
+
+lib/sh/stringvec.c
+ - added strvec_remove (sv, s), removes S from SV and shuffles rest of
+ elements down 1
+
+lib/sh/stringlist.c
+ - added strlist_remove(sl, s), just calls strvec_remove on the
+ component list
+
+externs.h
+ - new extern declarations for strvec_remove and strlist_remove
+ - fixed extern declaration for strvec_search; the arguments were
+ reversed (unimportant, it's not compiled into the shell)
+
+subst.c
+ - change param_expand to call quote_escapes on values retrieved when
+ expanding the positional parameters
+ - change parameter_brace_expand_word to quote escapes on values
+ retrieved when expanding the positional parameters
+ - fix parameter_brace_substring to quote escape characters on unquoted
+ substrings extracted from variable values (needed to separate case
+ VT_VARIABLE from VT_ARRAYMEMBER for this, since, because
+ get_var_and_type calls array_value for VT_ARRAYMEMBER, we need to
+ skip over quoted characters in an already-appropriately-quoted
+ string to find the substring we want)
+ - fix parameter_brace_substring to quote escape characters in the
+ value returned by pos_params when expanding subsets of the
+ positional parameters and not within double quotes (in which case
+ pos_params() quotes the string for us)
+ - fix parameter_brace_substring to quote escape characters in the
+ value returned by array_subrange when expanding subsets of an
+ array and not within double quotes (in which case
+ array_subrange() quotes the string for us)
+ - new function, quoted_strlen(s), does strlen(s) while skipping over
+ characters quoted with CTLESC (#ifdef INCLUDE_UNUSED, since it's
+ not used yet)
+ - changed pos_params() so it always returns a list whose members are
+ quoted strings if (quoted&(Q_HERE_DOCUMENT|Q_DOUBLE_QUOTES)) != 0
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - fix array_value to consistently call quote_escapes, even when a
+ non-array variable is being subscripted with element 0, in which
+ case we return the variable value
+
+lib/sh/strtrans.c
+ - make the for_echo parameter to ansicstr a `flags' parameter that
+ has its old `for echo' meaning if flags&1 is non-zero (which is
+ consistent with the old code)
+ - Added code to the `flags' parameter to ansicstr so that if flags&2
+ is non-zero, CTLESC and CTLNUL are escaped with CTLESC in the
+ expanded string
+ - change ansiexpand() to call ansicstr with a `flags' parameter of 2
+
+ 3/26
+ ----
+lib/readline/histfile.c
+ - when reading and writing the history file, use malloc instead of
+ xmalloc and handle failures gracefully, so the application doesn't
+ abort if the history file or history list is too big
+
+ 3/27
+ ----
+arrayfunc.c
+ - changed array_value_internal to take an additional `int *'
+ parameter, in which is returned the type of array indexing
+ performed (array[@] vs. array or array[index])
+ - changed array_value and get_array_value to take a corresponding
+ extra parameter and pass it to array_value_internal
+ - changed array_value_internal to no longer return newly-allocated
+ memory or quote CTLESC and CTLNUL in the returned string if
+ `simple' array indexing (subscript not `@' or `*') is being
+ performed. This makes it more like a variable lookup
+
+arrayfunc.h
+ - changed prototypes for array_value and get_array_value
+
+expr.c
+ - added new parameter to call to get_array_value in expr_streval
+ - don't need to free memory returned by get_array_value any more
+
+subst.c
+ - quote_escapes now works with multibyte characters
+ - dequote_string now works with multibyte characters
+ - dequote_escapes is now needed, so it's compiled in, and it
+ now works with multibyte characters
+ - remove_quoted_escapes now just calls dequote_escapes and copies the
+ result over the argument string
+ - remove_quoted_nulls now returns its char * argument, parallels
+ remove_quoted_escapes
+ - parameter_brace_expand_word now passes the new argument to
+ array_value and quotes CTLESC and CTLNUL in the result if it's a
+ `simple' array expansion by calling quote_escapes
+ - get_var_and_type now returns VT_ARRAYMEMBER for references like
+ ${array} where `array' is an array variable (just like ${array[0]}).
+ Documented (in comment) that a VT_VARIABLE return value means that
+ quote_escapes has been called at some point
+ - changed callers of get_var_and_type to no longer free value if
+ VT_ARRAYMEMBER is returned as type
+ - changed parameter_brace_substring and parameter_brace_patsub to
+ call dequote_escapes on the value from get_var_and_type if the
+ type is VT_VARIABLE, since the substring and pattern substitution
+ code doesn't understand CTLESC quoting
+ - parameter_brace_substring no longer needs to call quoted_substring
+ for the VT_ARRAYMEMBER case
+ - changed parameter_brace_patsub to call quote_escapes on the result
+ of pat_subst for the VT_VARIABLE and VT_ARRAYMEMBER cases, and to
+ quote the returned string in the VT_ARRAYVAR and VT_POSPARAMS cases
+ if the `MATCH_QUOTED' flag isn't set (if it is, the pattern
+ substitution functions perform any necessary quoting)
+ - quoted_substring is no longer used; it's now #ifdef INCLUDE_UNUSED
+
+lib/malloc/mstats.h
+ - new member in _malstats: u_bits32_t bytesreq, the total number of
+ bytes requested by the caller via calls to malloc() and realloc()
+
+lib/malloc/stats.c
+ - print bytesreq member in _print_malloc_stats
+ - don't print statistics for buckets for which nmal == 0 (no mallocs)
+
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - modified internal_malloc, internal_realloc to keep running total of
+ number of bytes requested by calling application
+
+shell.c
+ - sh_exit is now compiled in; exit_shell calls sh_exit
+
+error.c
+ - changed fatal_error, report_error, parser_error to call sh_exit
+
+ 3/28
+ ----
+subst.[ch]
+ - changed Q_NOQUOTE to Q_PATQUOTE; it makes the intent more clear
+
+subst.c
+ - moved code from parameter_brace_expand into a new function that
+ dispatches for pattern substitution: parameter_brace_remove_pattern
+ - changed structure of parameter_brace_remove_pattern to be like
+ parameter_brace_patsub and its ilk: call get_var_and_type to
+ isolate the variable name, move the pattern isolation code out of
+ the various *_remove_pattern functions into
+ parameter_brace_remove_pattern and pass the results to the various
+ functions, use a switch on the return value from get_var_and_type
+ to decide which function to call, regularized the arguments to the
+ separate pattern removal functions
+ - parameter_brace_remove_pattern now properly quotes escape chars in
+ the returned value
+ - changed get_var_and_type to call dequote_escapes on the `value'
+ parameter for case VT_VARIABLE and return the result in *valp,
+ so the calling functions don't have to do it themselves; changed
+ callers appropriately
+ - fixed getpattern() where it broke posix compliance: if you enclose
+ a pattern removal spec in double quotes, the outer double quotes
+ have no effect on the pattern (POSIX.1-200x 2.6.2). This uncovered
+ a bug in the test suite (!)
+
+pathexp.c
+ - fixed a problem with quote_string_for_globbing where it would change
+ consecutive CTLESC chars all to \ instead of changing every other
+ quoted char
+
+ 3/31
+ ----
+lib/malloc/{malloc,stats}.c
+ - moved declaration of _mstats to malloc.c so stats.o doesn't get
+ linked into the shell if the stats functions aren't called
+
+ 4/2
+ ---
+lib/glob/smatch.c
+ - introduce `XCHAR' define, which is the type of arguments passed to
+ strcoll/strcmp/strlen and their wide-character equivalents, added
+ appropriate casts
+ - static arrays in single-byte version of rangecmp() are `char', not
+ `unsigned char', so compilers don't complain about calls to strcoll
+
+lib/glob/sm_loop.c
+ - casts for `XCHAR' and `XCHAR *' arguments to libc functions
+ - use prototype declaration for BRACKMATCH if `PROTOTYPES' is defined
+ to avoid problems with type promotion (unsigned char -> int)
+
+lib/glob/collsyms.h
+ - `name' member of struct _COLLSYM is now of type `XCHAR *', since
+ some compilers don't like `unsigned char *' initializers from
+ constant strings
+
+[bash-2.05b-alpha1 released]
+
+ 4/3
+ ---
+builtins/{evalstring.c,common.h}
+ - new flag for parse_and_execute, SEVAL_NOFREE, means to not free
+ the argument string when finished
+
+lib/readline/text.c
+ - fixed a trivial typo in _rl_insert_char when reading multibyte
+ char sequences
+ - replace calls to ding() with rl_ding()
+
+include/chartypes.h
+ - remove SIGN_EXTEND_CHAR and TOASCII macros; they're unused
+
+make_cmd.c
+ - include dispose_cmd.h for extern function declarations
+
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - include `shmbutil.h' and `xmalloc.h' for extern function declarations
+
+lib/glob/smatch.c
+ - include `xmalloc.h' for extern function declarations
+
+shell.c
+ - fix maybe_make_restricted to use its argument instead of global
+ `shell_name'
+
+version.c
+ - update copyright message to include this year
+
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - fixes from Jiro SEKIBA <jir@yamato.ibm.com> to fix autowrapping
+ when using multibyte characters
+
+lib/glob/sm_loop.c
+ - fixed a problem in BRACKMATCH where not enough memory was allocated
+ to hold a multibyte character when parsing POSIX.2 char class names
+
+support/config.{guess,sub}
+ - updated via patch from Paul Eggert with latest GNU additions
+
+variables.c
+ - var_lookup should use its `vcontext' argument instead of
+ unconditionally using `shell_variables'
+
+ 4/4
+ ---
+builtins/bind.def,doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - changed the usage summary and help text to make it clear that any
+ readline command that may appear in ~/.inputrc may be supplied as
+ one of the non-option arguments to `bind'
+
+builtins/mkbuiltins.c
+ - added support for `-H' option, which means to write long documentation
+ for each builtin to a separate file in the `helpfiles' directory
+
+builtins/Makefile.in
+ - new target `helpdoc', just creates long doc files in helpfiles
+ directory
+
+lib/sh/zcatfd.c
+ - new file, with zcatfd(int fd, int ofd, char *fn); dumps data from
+ FD to OFD
+
+Makefile.in,lib/sh/Makefile.in
+ - added zcatfd.c, zcatfd.o member of libsh.a
+
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - changed cat_file to call zcatfd(fd, 1, fn)
+
+builtins/{shopt,colon}.def
+ - removed the $DOCNAME directive for `shopt', `true', and `false';
+ just use the names
+ - changed $DOCNAME for `:' to just be `colon' instead of
+ `colon_builtin'
+
+builtins/reserved.def
+ - added help entries for ((, [[, `for (('
+
+builtins/let.def
+ - add id++, id--, ++id, --id, ** to help text
+
+ 4/8
+ ---
+builtins/bashgetopt.[ch]
+ - changed to allow options beginning with `+', enabled by a leading
+ `+' in the option string
+ - new variable, list_opttype, set to `-' or `+'
+
+builtins/{common.c,{builtin,eval,exit,fg_bg,let,printf,pushd,return,source,wait}.def
+ - changes to allow a `--' option for every builtin that accepts
+ operands but not options, as per posix.1-2001
+
+builtins/{declare,setattr}.def
+ - use internal_getopt for parsing options, now that it supports `+'
+
+builtins/set.def
+ - use internal_getopt for initial option parse, now that it supports
+ a leading `+'
+
+
+{configure,Makefile}.in, builtins/{Makefile.in,help.def,mkbuiltins.c}
+ - support for a new configure option, ``--enable-separate-helpfiles'',
+ moves the `long' help text to separate help files, installed by
+ default into ${datadir}/bash, one file per builtin. Off by
+ default -- it saves 47K, but it's only 47K, and it's in the text
+ segment
+
+flags.c
+ - build internal_getopt() option string argument from flags array at
+ runtime in shell.c
+
+shell.c
+ - new variable to control writing malloc stats at exit:
+ malloc_trace_at_exit, 0 by default
+
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - heavily updated:
+ o partial page allocated on first call to malloc to make
+ subsequent sbrks page-aligned no longer wasted
+ o begin and end range guards are now the same value: the chunk
+ requested
+ o coalescing code was changed to attempt to coalesce first two
+ adjacent blocks on the free list; enabled by default
+ o blocks of size 32 are now candidates for larger block
+ splitting, since 32 is the most popular size
+ o blocks of size 32 are now candidates for smaller block
+ coalescing
+ o the IN_BUCKET check was changed to just make sure that the
+ size isn't too big for the bucket, since the `busy block'
+ checking code may increase the bucket by one or more,
+ meaning that the old check would fail and cause a panic when
+ a chunk allocated in such a way was freed
+ o bin sizes are now precomputed and looked up in an array
+ rather than being computed at runtime
+ o moved the _mstats declaration here to avoid the stats code
+ being linked in even when no stats functions were called
+ (only matters if MALLOC_DEBUG is defined)
+ o malloc now keeps track of the address of the top of the heap
+ and will return large chunks to the system with calls to
+ sbrk with a negative argument when freeing the top chunk.
+ Two thresholds: LESSCORE_FRC means to unconditionally return
+ memory to the system; LESSCORE_MIN means to return memory if
+ there's at least one block already on the free list
+
+lib/malloc/mstats.h
+ - stats struct now keeps track of number of block coalesces by bin,
+ and the number of times memory was returned to the system by bin
+
+lib/malloc/stats.c
+ - trace_malloc_stats now takes a second argument: the name of the file
+ to write to. The first `%p' in the template file name is replaced
+ by the pid
+
+ 4/9
+ ---
+lib/malloc/imalloc.h
+ - added some macros derived from dlmalloc and glibc malloc to inline
+ memcpy and memset if the requested size is <= 32 bytes
+
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - use MALLOC_MEMSET instead of memset in internal_{malloc,free}
+
+include/ocache.h
+ - use OC_MEMSET (variant of MALLOC_MEMSET) in ocache_free
+
+configure.in, config.h.in
+ - check for getservent(), define HAVE_GETSERVENT if found
+
+bashline.c
+ - punt immediately from bash_servicename_completion_function if
+ HAVE_GETSERVENT is not defined (cygwin seems to not define it)
+ - include "input.h" for extern save_token_state() and
+ restore_token_state() declarations
+ - change bash_execute_unix_command to call parse_and_execute with
+ SEVAL_NOHIST flag so the command doesn't get saved on the history
+ list
+ - change bash_execute_unix_command to save and restore the current
+ command line count and the token state (last_read_token, etc.).
+ Everything else is saved by either parse_and_execute directly or
+ the call it makes to push_stream(). The shell_input_line stuff
+ doesn't need to be saved and restored; it's not computed until
+ readline() returns
+
+ 4/10
+ ----
+lib/glob/glob.[ch]
+ - glob_filename and glob_vector now take an additional `flags' arg
+ - define GX_MARKDIRS as possible flag value for glob_filename and
+ glob_vector
+
+lib/sh/snprintf.c
+ - fixed some bugs with handling of `g' and `G' formats
+ - make sure numtoa returns the fractional part correctly when passed 0
+ - implemented thousands grouping for `'' flag character
+
+lib/sh/rename.c
+ - a few changes to make it more bulletproof
+
+ 4/11
+ ----
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - added the couple of dozen lines of code to glob_dir_to_array to
+ finish implementing GX_MARKDIRS
+
+builtins/set.def
+ - changed unset builtin so that it no longer considers unsetting an
+ unset variable or function to be an error
+
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - fix to rl_redisplay for a problem which caused display to be messed
+ up when the last line of a multi-line prompt (possibly containing
+ invisible characters) was longer than the screen width
+
+ 4/15
+ ----
+aclocal.m4
+ - use AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED in BASH_SYS_DEFAULT_MAIL_DIR instead of
+ enumerating all of the possible values and using AC_DEFINE
+
+ 4/16
+ ----
+Makefile.in, {builtins,support}/Makefile.in
+ - new variables, CFLAGS_FOR_BUILD and CPPFLAGS_FOR_BUILD, substituted
+ by `configure'
+ - changed CCFLAGS_FOR_BUILD to BASE_CCFLAGS, removing $(CPPFLAGS);
+ CCFLAGS and CCFLAGS_FOR_BUILD now include $(BASE_CCFLAGS) with
+ (possibly) different values for CPPFLAGS and CFLAGS
+ - GCC_LINT_CFLAGS now includes $(BASE_CCFLAGS) and $(CPPFLAGS)
+ instead of CCFLAGS_FOR_BUILD
+ - new variable, LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD, right now equivalent to LDFLAGS
+ - remove $(CPPFLAGS) from recipes for buildversion, mksignames, and
+ mksyntax
+
+configure.in
+ - compute and substitute CFLAGS_FOR_BUILD, CPPFLAGS_FOR_BUILD, and
+ LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD
+ - changed qnx to use LOCAL_LDFLAGS and LOCAL_LIBS instead of putting
+ everything in LOCAL_LDFLAGS
+
+builtins/Makefile.in
+ - remove $(PROFILE_FLAGS) from recipe for building `mkbuiltins'
+ - use LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD instead of LDFLAGS in recipe for building
+ `mkbuiltins'
+
+Makefile.in
+ - use $(CC_FOR_BUILD) and $(CCFLAGS_FOR_BUILD) to build auxiliary
+ test programs (printenv, recho, zecho)
+
+support/Makefile.in
+ - use CC_FOR_BUILD and CCFLAGS_FOR_BUILD in recipe for building
+ `man2html'
+
+lib/tilde/Makefile.in
+ - substitute PROFILE_FLAGS, use PROFILE_FLAGS in $(CCFLAGS)
+
+ 4/25
+ ----
+Makefile.in, configure.in
+ - moved RELSTATUS to configure.in; configure substitutes it into
+ the generated Makefile
+
+lib/sh/snprintf.c
+ - fix wchars() to deal with systems where MB_CUR_MAX is not a
+ constant expression
+
+ 5/2
+ ---
+lib/sh/shquote.c
+ - add `,' to list of chars that are backslash-quoted. It doesn't
+ hurt normal usage and prevents filenames with commas from being
+ inappropriately split by brace expansion after using
+ complete-into-braces
+
+ 5/6
+ ---
+lib/sh/xstrchr.c
+ - we only need the check of MB_CUR_MAX and the slow code for a
+ few encodings, and even then only for a subset of the charset
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - some speedups for skipsubscript and multibyte chars from Bruno Haible
+
+locale.c
+ - changed set_lang to call setlocale(LC_ALL, ...) if LC_ALL doesn't
+ already have a value, but doesn't change any shell variables
+
+include/shmbutil.h
+ - major speedups from Bruno Haible, mostly concerned with reducing
+ the number of strlen(3) calls
+
+subst.c
+ - change callers of macros in shmbutil.h to add extra argument as
+ necessary
+ - skip_single_quoted and skip_double_quoted take another argument:
+ the length of the string; mostly useful when using multibyte chars
+ - many speedups from precomputing string lengths at function start
+ - fixed a small bug in de_backslash in the midst of rewriting for
+ better efficiency
+
+{braces,make_cmd,pathexp}.c
+ - change callers of macros in shmbutil.h to add extra argument as
+ necessary
+
+pathexp.c
+ - fix a one-too-far problem with multibyte chars in
+ unquoted_glob_pattern_p
+
+braces.c
+ - brace_gobbler takes a new argument, the length of the passed string
+ - expand_amble takes a new argument, the length of the passed string
+
+ 5/7
+ ---
+subst.c
+ - modified remove_quoted_nulls to eliminate the memory allocation and
+ do the copy in place using the same strategy as de_backslash
+
+lib/readline/{rldefs.h,complete.c}
+ - new define RL_QF_OTHER_QUOTE, so _rl_find_completion_word can note
+ that it found a quoting character other than \'" that appears in
+ rl_completer_quote_characters
+
+ 5/9
+ ---
+jobs.c
+ - save and restore old value of jobs_list_frozen when calling trap
+ handlers from set_job_status_and_cleanup to avoid seg faults when
+ running recursive trap handlers
+
+ 5/10
+ ----
+builtins/common.h
+ - new #defines to use for value of changed_dollar_vars (provides
+ information about the caller who wants to blow away the old dollar
+ variables)
+
+builtins/common.c
+ - changed set_dollar_vars_changed to set changed_dollar_vars to one
+ of the ARGS_* values depending on the caller and environment
+
+builtins/source.def
+ - source restores the positional parameters unless the `set' builtin
+ was called to specify a new set while not executing a shell function
+
+ 5/13
+ ----
+POSIX
+ - new file, was in CWRU/POSIX.NOTES
+
+doc/{Makefile.in,Makefile}
+ - changed `posix' rule to modify ../POSIX
+
+doc/mkposix
+ - write to `POSIX' by default
+
+lib/sh/strtrans.c
+ - when ansicstr is parsing a format string for `echo -e' (or the
+ equivalent xpg_echo option is enabled), obey the POSIX-2001/SUSv3
+ standard and accept 0-3 octal digits after a leading `0'
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - updated `echo' description to note that up to three octal digits
+ are now accepted following `\0'
+
+ 5/16
+ ----
+doc/Makefile.in
+ - remove the generated documentation on `make distclean' if the
+ build directory and source directory are not the same
+
+Makefile.in
+ - descend into `support' subdirectory on a `make clean' and
+ `make distclean'
+ - remove parser-built, y.tab[ch] on a `make distclean' if the build
+ directory and source directory are not the same
+
+support/Makefile.in
+ - support various `clean' targets and remove man2html.o and man2html
+
+{configure,Makefile}.in
+ - move values for DEBUG and MALLOC_DEBUG into configure.in; on by
+ default for development versions; off by default for releases
+ (off for profiling, too)
+
+ 5/21
+ ----
+parse.y
+ - modified the grammar to allow a simple_list followed by yacc_EOF
+ to terminate a command. This fixes problems with things like
+ a backslash-newline at the end of an `eval'd string
+ - change handle_eof_input_unit() to reset the token state before
+ calling prompt_again(), in case the prompt to be evaluated contains
+ a command substitution
+
+ 5/23
+ ----
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - fix `r' command (rl_vi_change_char) when HANDLE_MULTIBYTE is defined
+ but MB_CUR_MAX == 1
+
+ 5/24
+ ----
+lib/malloc/watch.c
+ - don't try to print `file' argument to _watch_warn if it's null
+
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - changed guard checking code in internal_{malloc,free,realloc} to
+ access memory as (char *) and copy into a union instead of
+ casting and dereferencing a pointer to u_bits32_t, since that
+ results in unaligned accesses which will cause Sparcs to upchuck
+
+ 5/30
+ ----
+[bash-2.05b-beta1 released]
+
+lib/readline/text.c
+ - fixed a problem with rl_transpose_chars on systems supporting
+ multibyte characters with a locale that doesn't have any multibyte
+ chars
+
+ 6/4
+ ---
+expr.c
+ - fix a/=0 and a%=0 to throw evaluation errors rather than core dumps
+
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - fix core dump when line wrapping a multibyte character (line
+ accidentally dropped from the original patch)
+
+lib/readline/mbutil.c
+ - fix reversed return value from _rl_is_mbchar_matched; fixes problem
+ with backward-char-search
+
+ 6/10
+ ----
+lib/sh/getenv.c
+ - fix getenv to not free value returned by find_tempenv_variable
+ - add setenv, putenv, unsetenv for completeness
+
+ 6/12
+ ----
+shell.c
+ - change init_noninteractive to init expand_aliases to the value of
+ posixly_correct
+ - don't initialize expand_aliases to posixly_correct anywhere else.
+ This allows the -O expand_aliases invocation option to work correctly
+
+general.c
+ - fix move_to_high_fd to not try the dup2 unless the fd loop results
+ in an fd > 3; just return the passed file descriptor otherwise
+ - use HIGH_FD_MAX, defined in general.h, instead of hard-coded 256
+ as highest file descriptor to try
+
+subst.c
+ - in process_substitute, call move_to_high_fd with `maxfd' parameter
+ of -1 instead of 64, so move_to_high_fd will use its maximum
+
+ 6/21
+ ----
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - don't bother calling MALLOC_MEMSET if the requested size is 0
+
+builtins/setattr.def
+ - note in short doc that export and readonly can take assignment
+ statements as arguments
+
+error.c
+ - new function, error_prolog(), to capture common error message
+ prefix code (except for parser errors)
+
+ 6/25
+ ----
+aclocal.m4
+ - add tests for standard-conforming declarations for putenv and
+ unsetenv in system header files
+
+{configure,config.h}.in
+ - call BASH_FUNC_STD_PUTENV and BASH_FUNC_STD_UNSETENV, define
+ HAVE_STD_GETENV and HAVE_STD_UNSETENV, respectively, if they
+ succeed
+
+lib/sh/getenv.c
+ - change putenv and unsetenv to take differing prototypes in
+ stdlib.h into account
+
+ 6/27
+ ----
+[bash-2.05b-beta2 released]
+
+ 6/28
+ ----
+builtins/common.c
+ - fix get_job_spec so that %N works when N is the size of the jobs
+ list (%8 means job 8, but the 7th member of the jobs array, so
+ it's OK if N == job_slots because the function returns N-1)
+
+ 7/1
+ ---
+shell.c
+ - turn off line editing if $EMACS is set to `t'
+
+ 7/10
+ ----
+builtins/set.def
+ - remove mention of `-i' from long help doc, since it has no effect
+
+ 7/17
+ ----
+[bash-2.05b released]
+
+ 7/18
+ ----
+
+lib/malloc/malloc.c
+ - make sure that the `free_return' label has a non-empty statement
+ to branch to
+
+ 7/19
+ ----
+locale.c
+ - only call setlocale() from set_lang() if HAVE_SETLOCALE is defined;
+ otherwise just return 0
+
+lib/readline/mbutil.c
+ - only try to memset `ps' in _rl_get_char_len if it's non-NULL. Ditto
+ for _rl_adjust_point
+
+ 7/23
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - fix for executing_line_number() when compiling without conditional
+ commands, dparen arithmetic or the arithmetic for command
+
+
+ 7/24
+ ----
+support/Makefile.in
+ - fix maintainer-clean, distclean, mostlyclean targets
+
+builtins/common.c
+ - fix bug in sh_nojobs where it doesn't pass the right number of args
+ to builtin_error
+
+bashline.c
+ - when using command completion and trying to avoid appending a slash
+ if there's a directory with the same name in the current directory,
+ use absolute_pathname() instead of just checking whether the first
+ char of the match is a slash to catch things like ./ and ../
+
+examples/complete/bashcc-1.0.1.tar.gz
+ - a package of completions for Clear Case, from Richard S. Smith
+ (http://www.rssnet.org/bashcc.html)
+
+input.c
+ - fix check_bash_input to call sync_buffered_stream if the passed fd
+ is 0 and the shell is currently reading input from fd 0 -- all it
+ should cost is maybe an additional read system call, and it fixes
+ the bug where an input redirection to a builtin inside a script
+ which is being read from stdin causes the already-read-and-buffered
+ part of the script to be thrown away, e.g.:
+
+ bash < x1
+
+ where x1 is
+
+ hostname
+ read Input < t.in
+ echo $Input
+ echo xxx
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - in initialize_subshell(), call unset_bash_input (0) to not mess with
+ fd 0 if that's where bash thinks it's reading input from. Fixes
+ bug reported by jg@cs.tu-berlin.de on 17 July 2002. Should be a way
+ to check whether or not the current fd 0 at the time of the call has
+ not been redirected, like in the bug report. Also might eventually
+ want to throw in a sync_buffered_stream if bash is reading input
+ from fd 0 in a non-interactive shell into a buffered stream, so the
+ stream is sync'd -- might be necessary for some uses
+
+ 7/25
+ ----
+lib/readline/signals.c
+ - make sure rl_catch_sigwinch is declared even if SIGWINCH is not
+ defined, so the readline state saving and restoring functions in
+ readline.c are always the same size even if SIGWINCH is not defined,
+ and undefined references don't occur when SIGWINCH is not defined
+
+ 7/30
+ ----
+bashline.c
+ - augment patch from 7/24 to not disable rl_filename_completion_desired
+ if the first char of the match is `~'
+
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - when creating `shadow' keymaps `bound' to ANYOTHERKEY, don't bind
+ a key whose type is ISFUNC but whose function is the `fake'
+ rl_do_lowercase_version (fixes debian bash bug #154123)
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - don't call _rl_vi_set_last from _rl_dispatch_subseq if
+ key == ANYOTHERKEY (when truncated to `sizeof(char)', it will be 0,
+ which strchr will find in `vi_textmod')
+
+ 7/31
+ ----
+lib/readline/input.c
+ - fix rl_gather_tyi to only slurp up one line of available input, even
+ if more than one line is available (fixes debian bash bug #144585)
+
+ 8/3
+ ---
+bashline.c
+ - better fix for command completion problem -- test for directory
+ explicitly with test_for_directory before turning off
+ rl_filename_completion_desired, since that's the case we're trying
+ to protect against
+
+ 8/5
+ ---
+include/shmbutil.h
+ - fix ADVANCE_CHAR macro to advance the string pointer if mbrlen
+ returns 0, indicating that the null wide character (wide string
+ terminator) was found (debian bash bug #155436)
+
+lib/readline/mbutil.c
+ - fix _rl_adjust_point to increment the string pointer if mbrlen
+ returns 0
+
+support/shobj-conf
+ - fix for the `-install_name' value in SHLIB_XLDFLAGS assignment for
+ Darwin from the fink folks
+
+ 8/6
+ ---
+builtins/exit.def
+ - broke code that runs ~/.bash_logout out into a separate function:
+ bash_logout()
+
+builtins/common.h
+ - extern declaration for bash_logout()
+
+eval.c
+ - call bash_logout() from alrm_catcher(), so timed-out login shells
+ run ~/.bash_logout before processing the exit trap
+
+lib/sh/strtrans.c
+ - implemented $'\x{hexdigits}' expansion from ksh93
+
+configure.in
+ - define RECYCLES_PIDS in LOCAL_CFLAGS for cygwin; don't bother to
+ link with -luser32
+
+examples/loadables/strftime.c
+ - new loadable builtin, interface to strftime(3)
+
+ 8/7
+ ---
+parse.y
+ - parse_arith_cmd now takes a second argument, a flag saying whether
+ or not to add double quotes to a parsed arithmetic command; changed
+ callers
+ - changed parse_dparen so it tells parse_arith_cmd to not add the
+ double quotes and therefore doesn't need to remove them
+ - change parse_dparen to add W_NOGLOB|W_NOSPLIT|W_QUOTED flags to word
+ created when parsing (( ... )) arithmetic command, since the double
+ quotes are no longer added
+
+make_cmd.c
+ - in make_arith_for_expr, set the flags on the created word to
+ W_NOGLOB|W_NOSPLIT|W_QUOTED
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - change execute_arith_command to expand the expression with
+ expand_words_no_vars, like the arithmetic for command code does
+ - fix execute_arith_command to handle the case where the expanded
+ expression results in a NULL word without crashing
+
+tests/{arith-for,cprint}.tests
+ - change expected output to account for no longer adding quotes to
+ ((...)) commands
+
+ 8/8
+ ---
+print_cmd.c
+ - take out the space after printing the `((' and before printing the
+ `))' in print_arith_command, print_arith_for_command, and
+ xtrace_print_arith_cmd
+
+tests/{arith-for,cprint}.tests
+ - change expected output to account for no longer adding leading and
+ trailing spaces when printing ((...)) and arithmetic for commands
+
+ 8/17
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - fix issep() define to handle case where separators[0] == '\0', in
+ which case it always returns false
+
+lib/readline/histexpand.c
+ - fix off-by-one error in history_expand_internal when using the `g'
+ modifier that causes it to skip every other match when matching a
+ single character (reported by gjyun90@resl.auto.inha.ac.kr)
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - make sure that the name=word form of argument to declare/typeset,
+ export, and readonly is documented in the description
+
+ 8/30
+ ----
+lib/readline/histexpand.c
+ - make history_expand_internal understand double quotes, because
+ single quotes are not special inside double quotes, according to
+ our shell-like quoting conventions. We don't want unmatched
+ single quotes inside double-quoted strings inhibiting history
+ expansion
+ - make `a' modifier equivalent to `g' modifier for compatibility with
+ the BSD csh
+ - add a `G' modifier that performs a given substitution once per word
+ (tokenized as the shell would do it) like the BSD csh `g' modifier
+
+ 8/31
+ ----
+braces.c
+ - when compiling for the shell, treat ${...} like \{...} instead of
+ trying to peek backward when we see a `{'. This makes it easier
+ to handle things like \${, which should be brace expanded because
+ the $ is quoted
+
+ 9/7
+ ---
+aclocal.m4
+ - redirect stdin from /dev/null in BASH_CHECK_DEV_FD before testing
+ the readability of /dev/fd/0, so we're dealing with a known quantity
+
+ 9/11
+ ----
+[prayers for the victims of 9/11/01]
+
+shell.c
+ - fix maybe_make_restricted to handle a restricted login shell with a
+ base pathname of `-rbash' and skip over any leading `-'
+
+ 9/13
+ ----
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - in parse_and_execute, make sure we don't try to run unwind-protects
+ back to `pe_dispose' after a longjmp back to top_level if the
+ pe_dispose frame hasn't been initialized
+
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - fix problem with prompt overwriting previous output when the output
+ doesn't contain a newline in a multi-byte locale. This also should
+ fix the problem of bash slowing down drastically on long lines when
+ using a multi-byte locale, because it no longer tries to rewrite the
+ entire line each time. Patch from Jiro SEKIBA <jir@yamato.ibm.com>
+
+parse.y
+ - move the typedef for alias_t that is compiled in if ALIAS is not
+ defined up before the prototype for push_string, since that takes
+ an alias_t * parameter
+
+lib/readline/terminal.c
+ - bind the termcap description's left and right arrow keys to
+ rl_backward_char and rl_forward_char, respectively, instead of
+ rl_forward and rl_backward (which are just there for backwards
+ compatibility)
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - when testing readability of /dev/stdin, redirect stdin from /dev/null
+ to make sure it's a readable file
+
+ 9/17
+ ----
+config-bot.h
+ - don't test __STDC__ when deciding whether or not to use stdarg.h;
+ just use it if it's present
+
+tests/read2.sub
+ - redirect from /dev/tty when using `read -t'
+
+ 9/20
+ ----
+builtins/history.def
+ - when reading `new' entries from the history file with `history -n',
+ fix increment of history_lines_this_session by taking any change
+ in history_base into account
+
+lib/sh/pathphys.c
+ - changes to sh_physpath to deal with pathnames that end up being
+ longer than PATH_MAX without dumping core
+
+lib/readline/doc/{history.3,hsuser.texinfo},doc/ bash.1
+ - documented new `a' and `G' history modifiers
+
+ 9/25
+ ----
+lib/readline/misc.c
+ - when traversing the history list with arrow keys in vi insertion
+ mode, put the cursor at the end of the line (like in emacs mode)
+
+mksyntax.c
+ - don't try to use \a and \v unless __STDC__ is defined; use the
+ ascii integer equivalents otherwise
+ - include "config.h" in the generated syntax.c file for a possible
+ definition of `const'
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document the meaning of a null directory in $PATH
+
+ 9/26
+ ----
+parse.y
+ - fix set_line_mbstate to handle case where mbrlen() returns 0,
+ indicating the null wide character
+ - fix set_line_mbstate so we don't directly compare a char variable
+ to EOF, since char can (and is) unsigned on some machines
+
+bashline.c
+ - change bash_execute_unix_command to save a little bit more state:
+ last_shell_builtin, this_shell_builtin, last_command_exit_value
+
+ 9/27
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - tentative change to execute_simple_command to avoid freeing freed
+ memory in the case where bash forks early but still ends up calling
+ execute_disk_command, without passing newly-allocated memory to
+ make_child. This may fix the core dumps with the linux-from-scratch
+ folks
+
+ 9/28
+ ----
+Makefile.in,{builtins,lib/sh}/Makefile.in
+ - fix up dependencies, mostly on ${BUILD_DIR}/version.h, so that
+ parallel makes work with GNU and BSD makes
+
+shell.h
+ - new struct to save partial parsing state when doing things like
+ bash_execute_unix_command and other operations that execute
+ commands while a line is being entered and parsed
+
+parse.y
+ - new functions, save_parser_state() and restore_parser_state(), to
+ save and restore partial parsing state
+
+bashline.c
+ - change bash_execute_unix_command to call {save,restore}_parser_state
+
+builtins/jobs.def
+ - change execute_list_with_replacements to eliminate a run_unwind_frame
+ in favor of calling the cleanup explicitly and discarding the frame
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - change execute_for_command to avoid a run_unwind_frame in the case
+ where the loop variable is readonly or otherwise not assignable
+ - change execute_select_command and execute_simple_command to use
+ discard_unwind_frame by running the cleanup code explicitly, instead
+ of using run_unwind_frame
+ - make sure execute_select_command decreases loop_level even on error
+
+ 9/30
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - fixed description of `unset' now that unsetting a previously-unset
+ variable is no longer an error
+
+ 10/3
+ ----
+{configure,config.h}.in
+ - augment check for strtold with additional check to detect the
+ horribly broken hp/ux 11.x implementation that returns `long_double';
+ defines STRTOLD_BROKEN if so
+
+builtins/printf.def
+ - define floatmax_t as `double' if STRTOLD_BROKEN is defined
+
+ 10/5
+ ----
+lib/readline/keymaps.c
+ - don't automatically bind uppercase keys to rl_do_lowercase_version
+ in rl_make_bare_keymap
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - explicitly check for ANYOTHERKEY binding to rl_do_lowercase_version
+ and dispatch to lowercase of key when a prefix is not matched
+
+ 10/12
+ -----
+bashline.c
+ - set COMP_WORDBREAKS in enable_hostname_completion to the value
+ of rl_completer_word_break_characters
+
+variables.c
+ - new special variable COMP_WORDBREAKS, controls the value of
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters
+
+variables.h
+ - new extern declaration for sv_comp_wordbreaks()
+
+subst.c
+ - change split_at_delims to behave more like shell word splitting if
+ the passed value for the delimiters is NULL, indicating that the
+ function is to use $IFS to split
+
+{execute_cmd,jobs,test,findcmd,input,make_cmd,redir,shell}.c
+builtins/mkbuiltins.c,builtins/{fc,history,source,umask}.def
+lib/sh/netconn.c
+lib/termcap/termcap.c
+lib/readline/histfile.c
+ - make sure all inclusions of <sys/file.h> are protected by
+ HAVE_SYS_FILE_H
+
+bashline.c
+ - don't turn off rl_filename_completion_desired in
+ attempt_shell_completion if the partial pathname contains a slash.
+ This still doesn't solve the problem of partial pathname completion
+ starting with a directory in the current directory without a
+ leading `./'. There's no way to tell the difference between that
+ and a file found in $PATH (which may contain `.') at the point that
+ attempt_shell_completion acts
+
+ 10/18
+ -----
+locale.c
+ - don't set lc_all to the default locale when LC_ALL is being unset
+ - new function, reset_locale_vars(), called to recompute the correct
+ locale variable values when LC_ALL is unset
+ - changed set_lang to not set LC_ALL, which it never should have been
+ doing in the first place, and to maintain a local variable `lang'
+ corresponding to $LANG
+ - change get_locale_var to use the precedence posix.2 specifies:
+ LC_ALL overrides individual variables; LANG, if set, is the default
+ - change set_locale_var to call get_locale_var to get the appropriate
+ value for the variable being set or unset
+ - call get_locale_var instead of using passed value in set_locale_var
+ to get the defaulting and precedence right
+
+lib/readline/nls.c
+ - new function, _rl_get_locale_var(), which does the same thing as
+ locale.c:get_locale_var(), with the right precedence and defaulting,
+ using sh_get_env_value to get the right bash variable values
+ - if HAVE_SETLOCALE is defined, _rl_init_eightbit first calls
+ _rl_get_locale_var to get the right value for LC_CTYPE, and uses
+ that in the call to setlocale. If _rl_get_locale_var returns NULL,
+ call setlocale() to get the current international environment, and,
+ finally, if that returns null, call setlocale with a second argument
+ of "" to force the implementation's `native' environment
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - change gen_wordlist_completions to dequote the text before comparing
+ it against the expanded word list
+ - changed gen_matches_from_itemlist to do the same thing
+
+bashline.c
+ - new global function, bash_dequote_word, calls bash_dequote_filename
+ on the text passed. Used by the programmable completion code
+
+lib/readline/histfile.c
+ - make sure that whenever read_history_range returns a non-zero value
+ that it sets errno to some useful value
+
+ 10/19
+ -----
+variables.c
+ - COMP_WORDBREAKS is now a dynamic variable, mirroring value of
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters. Makes sure that the variable
+ always points to dynamic memory if it's not null or the readline
+ default
+
+bashline.c
+ - change enable_hostname_completion to manage a dynamic value of
+ rl_completer_word_break_characters, since assignments to
+ COMP_WORDBREAKS can change its value unpredictably
+
+lib/readline/{complete.c,readline.h}
+ - rl_completer_word_break_characters no longer has `const' attribute
+
+bashline.c
+ - clean up necessary places due to rl_completer_word_break_characters
+ no longer being `const'
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document new COMP_WORDBREAKS variable
+
+ 10/21
+ -----
+print_cmd.c
+ - fix indirection_level_string to handle the case where the decoded
+ $PS4 is null without seg faulting
+
+ 10/22
+ -----
+builtins/shift.def
+ - make sure that there is actually an argument when reporting a shift
+ count that exceeds the number of positional paramters and
+ shift_verbose is enabled
+
+lib/readline/rltty.c
+ - change SET_SPECIAL to call a new function, set_special_char, since
+ it contains a block. It's called infrequently, so the performance
+ impact of making it a function should be negligible, and it helps
+ debugging
+
+ 10/29
+ -----
+bashline.c
+ - make sure the editor in VI_EDIT_COMMAND and EMACS_EDIT_COMMAND is
+ quoted; it might contain spaces (e.g., `emacs -nw')
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - cache ac_cv_rl_version in RL_LIB_READLINE_VERSION macro
+
+configure.in
+ - change logic that sets RL_INCLUDEDIR so that it doesn't try to set
+ a bogus include path if the argument to --with-installed-readline
+ is `yes' -- helps with cross-compiling
+
+lib/readline/histexpand.c
+ - fix history_tokenize_word so that it handles <( and >( better
+
+ 10/30
+ -----
+redir.c
+ - fix write_here_string so it handles the case where `herestr' expands
+ to NULL without seg faulting
+
+ 10/31
+ -----
+mailcheck.c
+ - reverse logic flip from bash-2.05 that handled systems that don't
+ change the atime when the mailbox is accessed; make sure the file
+ is bigger before we report new mail. This is the case in the vast
+ majority of cases. Reported by jim@jtan.com
+
+ 11/5
+ ----
+parse.y
+ - change action for `for x; { list; }' and corresponding `select'
+ production to use \"$@\" instead of just $@, as it is with all the
+ other actions
+
+ 11/9
+ ----
+parse.y
+ - new flag for parse_matched_pair: P_DQUOTE, indicating that the
+ pair of characters being matched is between double quotes
+ - parse_matched_pair now passes P_DQUOTE down to recursive calls:
+ if the open char to be matched is a `"' or the passed-in flags
+ include P_DQUOTE, set the local `rflags' variable to P_DQUOTE and
+ pass `rflags' down to recursive calls
+ - if `rflags' includes P_DQUOTE, don't try to ansiexpand $'...' or
+ locale expand $"..."; consistent with other quoting constructs
+
+ 11/11
+ -----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - explicitly note that variables referenced in arithmetic expressions
+ without using `$' evaluate to 0 if they are null or unset
+ - note that a null variable value evaluates to 0 when used in an
+ arithmetic context, like when a variable with the `-i' attribute is
+ assigned a null value
+ - document the ${!prefix@} expansion as equivalent to ${!prefix*}
+
+ 11/12
+ -----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - note that the value of an arithmetic expression is as in C
+ - change the wording to note that `arithmetic evaluation' (not
+ arithmetic expansion, which has a different meaning) is performed
+ on the value assigned to a variable whose integer attribute is set
+
+ 11/13
+ -----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - fix execute_disk_command so it calls exit() after printing the error
+ message in a restricted shell context if the shell has already forked
+ (nofork != 0 && there are no pipes)
+
+ 11/19
+ -----
+builtins/type.def
+ - don't report on aliases unless expand_aliases is set and the parser
+ is performing alias expansion; changed tests/type.tests and
+ tests/type.right accordingly
+
+ 11/25
+ -----
+general.c
+ - fix for full pathnames including drive letters on cygwin from
+ Corinna (convert to posix-style paths, which the rest of the
+ code handles much better)
+
+lib/readline/text.c
+ - fixes to overwrite mode from jimmy@is-vn.bg:
+ o in _rl_overwrite_char, do the overwrite mode self-insert
+ as one group, even when overwriting more than 1 char
+ o in _rl_overwrite_char, do the insert before the delete so
+ that an undo positions the cursor on the character restored,
+ not to the right of it
+ o in _rl_overwrite_rubout, don't do rl_insert_char(' ') unless
+ rl_point < rl_end. Since overwrite-mode self-insert acts as
+ in insert-mode when at eol, make rubout behave like
+ insert-mode rubout
+
+ 11/30
+ -----
+lib/readline/misc.c
+ - call rl_replace_line with `1' as second parameter if we're going to
+ immediately overwrite the undo list
+
+lib/readline/search.c
+ - in make_history_line_current, use _rl_replace_text to make the line
+ replacement an undoable operation. Affects all non-incremental
+ search functions.
+
+parse.y
+ - make behavior introduced on 11/9 dependent on extended_quote
+ variable, controllable by extquote shopt option. Default setting is
+ on for backwards compatibility
+
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - new `extquote' option to control extended_quote variable
+
+ 12/3
+ ----
+jobs.c
+ - change message printed when attempting to put a background job in
+ the background with `bg' to include the job id and make the
+ statement declarative
+
+ 12/10
+ -----
+bashhist.h
+ - define explicit flag values for history_control
+
+variables.c
+ - change sv_history_control to use new flag values
+ - change sv_history_control to parse $HISTCONTROL as a colon-separated
+ list of values for the history_control variable
+
+bashhist.c
+ - change check_history_control to use new flag values and restructure
+ to remove case statement
+ - new function hc_erasedups(line); removes all entries matching LINE
+ from the history list
+ - call hc_erasedups() from check_add_history after we've determined
+ that we're saving the line
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - documented new options available for $HISTCONTROL and that it can
+ be a colon-separated list of history control options
+
+ 12/11
+ -----
+subst.c
+ - fix pat_subst() to not increment `e' (pointer to the end of the
+ matched portion of the string) until after we're sure we're going
+ around the loop again; fixes problem with empty replacements for
+ a pattern that doesn't match (bug reported by Don Coleman
+ <don@coleman.org>)
+
+ 12/17
+ -----
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - fixes to multibyte redisplay from jir@yamato.ibm.com (Jiro SEKIBA):
+ o speed up calculation of first difference between old and new
+ lines in the common case
+ o don't try to see if we're in the middle of a multbyte char
+ in update_line (we'll see how this one works out)
+
+ 12/18
+ -----
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - make it clear that the `command-list' function definition may be
+ terminated by an ampersand before the closing brace
+
+ 12/28
+ -----
+redir.c
+ - set `expanding_redir' flag when expanding words in a redirection
+
+subst.c
+ - new function, exp_jump_to_top_level(), to do any word expansion
+ cleanup before a call to jump_to_top_level from within that file;
+ sets expanding_redir back to 0 before jump_to_top_level
+
+variables.c
+ - in find_variable(), don't call find_variable_internal with a second
+ parameter of 1 if expanding_redir is non-zero
+ - in find_variable_internal(), don't search the temporary env if
+ subshell_environment includes SUBSHELL_FORK (indicating a simple
+ command) and expanding_redir is non-zero
+
+parse.y
+ - increment line_number when we read a \<newline> pair
+
+array.c
+ - added array_unshift_element and array_shift_element (which just call
+ array_shift and array_rshift, respectively), for bash debugger
+ support
+
+ 1/4/2003
+ --------
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - note in the section describing the execution environment passed to
+ children that subshells inherit shell functions marked for export
+ - note in the section describing shell functions the possibility
+ that exported functions may result in two entries in the environment
+ with the same name
+
+parse.y
+ - when pushing an alias expansion onto the pushed_string list, append
+ a space to the expanded definition to make the parser's lookahead
+ work without using the `mustpop' hack in shell_getc
+
+ 1/8
+ ---
+shell.c
+ - change calls to exit() with EX_USAGE as a parameter to use
+ EX_BADUSAGE instead, since EX_USAGE is defined as 258 and is
+ technically out of range
+
+ 1/14
+ ----
+aclocal.m4
+ - check for the termcap functions in libc first: if we don't have
+ to link in another library, let's not do it
+ - change the test for mbstate_t to use AC_TRY_COMPILE instead of
+ AC_TRY_RUN
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document that bash turns line editing off if environment variable
+ EMACS is set to `t' when it starts up
+
+doc/bash.1
+ - minor change to give the ftp url for the latest version of bash in
+ the bug reports section
+
+lib/readline/histexpand.c
+ - in get_history_event, cast a couple of `const char *' variables to
+ `char *' in function call parameter lists to avoid compiler warnings
+
+ 1/21
+ ----
+builtins/cd.def
+ - change `cd -' so it prints the current working directory after a
+ successful chdir even when the shell is not interactive
+
+ 1/31
+ ----
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texinfo
+ - clarified exactly what is meant by the term `application-specific
+ completion function', made its use consistent, and documented
+ what variables are changed before such a function is called
+
+lib/readline/input.c
+ - new function, _rl_pushed_input_available(), returns non-zero if
+ there are characters in the input queue managed by rl_get_char
+ and _rl_unget_char
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - new extern declaration for _rl_pushed_input_available
+
+lib/readline/callback.c
+ - change rl_callback_read_char to check _rl_pushed_input_available
+ and loop if there's something there, so characters don't languish
+ until more keyboard input is read
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - new variable, last_command_exit_signal, non-zero if
+ last_command_exit_value result from wait_for was result of a signal
+
+nojobs.c
+ - keep track of whether or not a given pid was killed by a signal with
+ a new flag in the pid_list array
+ - new function int find_termsig_by_pid(pid_t pid) to get the
+ terminating signal, if any, for a particular pid
+ - new function int get_termsig(WAIT status) returns the terminating
+ signal corresponding to status
+ - set last_command_exit_signal in wait_for and the various wait_for_xx
+ functions
+
+jobs.c
+ - new functions, process_exit_signal and job_exit_signal, return the
+ signal that killed a given process or job, if a signal caused its
+ death
+ - set last_command_exit_signal in wait_for by calling job_exit_signal
+ or process_exit_signal appropriately
+
+subst.c
+ - don't resend SIGINT to ourselves unless last_command_exit_signal is
+ SIGINT and last_command_exit_value == 128 + SIGINT. This fixes the
+ $(exit 130) bug reported by Paul Jarc
+
+expr.c
+ - new function, expr_bind_variable, calls bind_int_variable and
+ then stupidly_hack_special_variables. This fixes the
+ `let OPTIND=1' bug
+
+bashline.c
+ - change history_and_alias_expand_line and shell_expand_line to call
+ history_expand_line_internal so calls to pre_process_line are
+ localized
+ - change history_expand_line_internal and cleanup_expansion_error to
+ temporarily turn off hist_verify before calling pre_process_line
+ to avoid the effects described by teirllm@dms.auburn.edu
+
+parse.y
+ - don't unconditionally turn off PST_ALEXPNEXT in push_string. This
+ fixes the multiple alias expansion bug reported by Paul Jarc.
+
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - change rl_vi_subst to push `l' instead of ` ' -- it should be
+ equivalent, but this has been reported to fix a problem in multibyte
+ locales
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - new state flag value RL_STATE_TTYCSAVED, indicates that save_tty_chars
+ has been called. Since it's only used and visible internally, it's
+ undocumented
+
+lib/readline/rltty.h
+ - changed all of the members of _rl_tty_chars struct to `unsigned char'
+
+lib/readline/rltty.c
+ - set the RL_STATE_TTYCSAVED after save_tty_chars is called
+ - new function, rl_tty_unset_default_bindings(), resets bindings for
+ everything rl_tty_set_default_bindings() messes with back to
+ rl_insert, so rl_tty_set_default_bindings can be called again with
+ possible changes
+ - new function that does the bulk of the work for
+ rltty_set_default_bindings: _rl_bind_tty_special_chars()
+ - change prepare_terminal_settings so that it can track changes to the
+ terminal special chars made by stty(1): unset the bindings with
+ rl_tty_unset_default_bindings before calling save_tty_chars, and
+ _rl_tty_set_default_bindings after, with the new values from
+ get_tty_settings(). This implements a long-standing request, most
+ recently made by Tim Waugh of Red Hat.
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - extern declaration for rl_tty_unset_default_bindings()
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - new function, reset_default_bindings, calls
+ rl_tty_unset_default_bindings() to reset the terminal special chars
+ back to rl_insert and then read the new ones
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texinfo
+ - documented rl_tty_unset_default_bindings()
+
+ 2/1
+ ---
+[prayers and condolences to the families of the space shuttle crew members]
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - add checks for mbrtowc and mbrlen in BASH_CHECK_MULTIBYTE
+ - new check, BASH_FUNC_CTYPE_NONASCII, checks whether or not the ctype
+ functions handle non-ascii characters correctly
+
+config.h.in
+ - add HAVE_MBRTOWC and HAVE_MBRLEN
+ - add NO_MULTIBYTE_SUPPORT for new configure argument
+ - add CTYPE_NON_ASCII
+
+config-bot.h, lib/readline/rlmbutil.h
+ - make sure that mbrtowc, mbrlen, and wcwidth are all present before
+ turning on HANDLE_MULTIBYTE
+ - turn off multibyte chars if NO_MULTIBYTE_SUPPORT is defined
+
+configure.in
+ - new argument --enable-multibyte (enabled by default), allows
+ multibyte support to be turned off even on systems that support it
+
+lib/readline/chardefs.h
+ - define NON_NEGATIVE as 1 if CTYPE_NON_ASCII is defined
+
+ 2/3
+ ---
+config.h.in
+ - add HAVE_WCTOMB
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - check for wctomb in BASH_CHECK_MULTIBYTE
+
+ 2/4
+ ---
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - in _rl_vi_change_mbchar_case, make sure the result from wctomb()
+ is NULL-terminated before trying to insert it with rl_insert_text()
+
+ 2/5
+ ---
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - fix to update_line to avoid problems on systems with multibyte
+ characters when moving between history lines when the new line
+ has more glyphs but fewer bytes (twaugh@redhat.com)
+
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - use wcrtomb() instead of wctomb() in _rl_vi_change_mbchar_case
+
+pcomplete.c
+ - fix init_itemlist_from_varlist to handle the case where the
+ `varlist' is NULL
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - clarified when a simple command may fail without the shell exiting
+ when -e is set
+
+ 2/13
+ ----
+parse.y
+ - when bash is started with --nolineediting, ignore \[ and \] when
+ decoding the prompt string
+
+subst.c
+ - fix remove_quoted_nulls so that a string with a CTLESC appearing
+ after a CTLNUL (which was removed) does not leave characters in
+ the string inappropriately
+
+ 2/14
+ ----
+builtins/common.h
+ - new flag value for parse_and_execute(): SEVAL_RESETLINE, which
+ allows the caller to specify whether or not the internal idea
+ of the line number should be reset to 1
+
+builtins/evalstring.c
+ - parse_and_execute() now tells push_string to reset the line
+ number only if the SEVAL_RESETLINE flag is set by the caller
+
+ 2/15
+ ----
+builtins/evalfile.c
+ - pass SEVAL_RESETLINE from _evalfile() to parse_and_execute()
+
+subst.c
+ - if the shell is currently interactive, pass SEVAL_RESETLINE to
+ parse_and_execute() when doing command substitution
+
+jobs.c
+ - add SEVAL_RESETLINE to parse_and_execute while running SIGCHLD trap
+
+command.h
+ - add `line' members to case_com, for_com, select_com
+ - rearranged order of members in some of the command structs, so
+ `flags' and `line' are first
+ - added a `source_file' member to the function_def struct; keeps
+ track of where the function was defined
+
+doc/Makefile.in
+ - add some new suffix rules: .dvi.ps
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - added text to the description of the `trap' builtin tightening up
+ the language describing when the ERR trap will be run
+
+error.c
+ - if $BASH_SOURCE (internally-maintained) exists, use BASH_SOURCE[0]
+ in get_name_for_error if the shell is not interactive
+
+array.h
+ - new convenience defines: array_push and array_pop
+
+variables.c
+ - change get_funcname to return this_shell_function->name only if
+ arrays have not been compiled into the shell
+ - change init_funcname_var to initialize FUNCNAME as an array variable
+ if we have arrays
+ - new function: get_self(SHELL_VAR *self), a degenerate `dynamic_value'
+ function for dynamic variables
+ - new function: init_dynamic_array_var(), a generic dynamic array
+ variable initializer to handle the common case
+ - use init_dynamic_array_var() instead of explicit init_dirstack_var()
+ - use init_dynamic_array_var() instead of explicit init_groups_var()
+ - new dynamic array variables: BASH_ARGC, BASH_ARGV, BASH_SOURCE,
+ BASH_LINENO, initialized with init_dynamic_array_var
+
+shell.c
+ - initialize BASH_LINENO, BASH_SOURCE, FUNCNAME in open_shell_script
+
+{execute_cmd,trap}.c
+ - take out trap_line_number, since parse_and_execute doesn't reset the
+ line number any more when running the trap commands
+
+make_cmd.c
+ - augment make_function_def to get source file name and call
+ bind_function_def to save the entire FUNCTION_DEF
+
+variables.c
+ - new hash table: shell_function_defs, keeps table of shell function
+ definitions including source file and line number info corresponding
+ to shell_functions table
+ - new functions: find_function_def and bind_function_def to manage
+ the shell_function_defs hash table
+ - new function: unbind_function_def to remove a function definition
+ from the shell_function_defs table (right now uncalled)
+
+variables.h
+ - extern declaration for bind_function_def, find_function_def
+ - new extern declaration for unbind_function_def
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - in function prologue and epilogue, push and pop FUNCNAME,
+ BASH_SOURCE, and BASH_LINENO information
+
+dispose_cmd.c
+ - broke the code that disposes a FUNCTION_DEF out into two new
+ functions: dispose_function_def and dispose_function_def_contents
+
+dispose_cmd.h
+ - new extern declarations for dispose_function_def_contents and
+ dispose_function_def
+
+copy_cmd.c
+ - move body of copy_function_def (other than allocating a new
+ FUNCTION_DEF) to copy_function_def_contents
+ - make sure to copy the new source_file member of a function_def in
+ copy_function_def_contents
+ - copy_function_def is no longer static, copy_function_def_contents
+ is not either
+
+command.h
+ - new extern declaration for copy_function_def_contents and
+ copy_function_def
+
+parse.y
+ - keep a stack of line numbers where case, select, and for commands
+ start, with a maximum nesting level of 128; increment when reading
+ word after `for', `select' or `case' in read_token_word; decrement
+ in grammar actions after parsing a complete for, arith_for, select,
+ or case command
+ - create for, case, arith_for, and select commands with an extra
+ line number (word_lineno[word_top]) argument
+
+make_cmd.c
+ - make_for_or_select, make_for_command, make_case_command, and
+ make_select_command all take an extra `line_number' argument
+
+make_cmd.h
+ - corresponding changes to extern declarations for those functions
+
+ 2/16
+ ----
+{execute_cmd,shell,variables}.c
+ - follow each call to remember_args with a call to push_args or
+ pop_args to manage the BASH_ARGV and BASH_ARGC arrays. Only set
+ when the shell is started to run shell script or runs a shell
+ function. Doesn't handle `set' or `shift' yet, nor `source'.
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - keep track of the level of subshells with a new variable, manipulated
+ in execute_in_subshell
+ - set currently_executing_command in execute_command_internal(),
+ even if we're running a trap
+ - better line number management when executing simple commands,
+ conditional commands, for commands in execute_command_internal()
+ and the various functions that implement the commands
+ (execute_cond_command, execute_for_command, execute_etc.)
+
+variables.c
+ - new dynamic variable BASH_SUBSHELL, with new get_subshell and
+ assign_subshell functions to manipulate it
+ - new functions push_args (WORD_LIST *list) and pop_args (void) to
+ manage the BASH_ARGC and BASH_ARGV dynamic array variables
+
+variables.h
+ - new extern declarations for push_args and pop_args
+
+builtins/evalfile.c
+ - in _evalfile, do appropriate things to the FUNCNAME, BASH_ARGV,
+ BASH_ARGC, BASH_SOURCE, and BASH_LINENO variables
+
+support/mksignames.c
+ - add another fake signal for `trap'; make NSIG+2 == `RETURN'
+
+trap.c
+ - _run_trap_internal now returns an int: the exit value of the command
+ run as the result of the trap
+ - run_debug_trap now returns an int: the exit value of the command
+ run as the result of the trap
+ - RETURN is a new special trap
+ - new function: set_return_trap(char *command) interface for the rest
+ of the shell, like set_{debug,error}_trap
+ - new function: run_return_trap()
+ - command substitution and other child processes don't inherit the
+ return trap
+
+trap.h
+ - new extern declaration for set_return_trap() and run_return_trap
+ - new defines for RETURN_TRAP; increment BASH_NSIG
+ - change extern declaration for run_debug_trap() since it now returns
+ an int
+
+shell.c
+ - new invocation long option: --debugger, turns on debugging and
+ sets internal `debugging_mode' variable
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - new code to save return trap when executing a shell function, so
+ shell functions don't inherit it
+ - run debug trap before binding the variable and running the action
+ list in a `for' command
+ - run debug trap before binding the selection variable and running
+ the query in a `select' command
+ - run debug trap before running matcher in a `case' command
+
+builtins/set.def
+ - new `set -o functrace' (set -T), causes DEBUG trap to be inherited
+ by shell functions
+ - new `set -o errtrace' (set -E), causes ERR trap to be inherited
+ by shell functions
+
+flags.c
+ - new flags -E and -T, control error_trace_mode and
+ function_trace_mode respectively
+
+flags.h
+ - new extern declarations for error_trace_mode and function_trace_mode
+
+ 2/17
+ ----
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - changed the `dircategory' as per Karl Berry's suggestion
+
+doc/texinfo.tex
+ - update to version of 2003/02/04 from texinfo.org
+
+support/texi2dvi
+ - update to version 1.14 from texinfo-4.5 distribution
+
+ 2/20
+ ----
+support/config.{guess,sub}
+ - update to versions of 2002/11/30
+
+lib/readline/doc/manvers.texinfo
+ - renamed to version.texi to match other GNU software
+ - UPDATE-MONTH variable is now `UPDATED-MONTH'
+
+lib/readline/doc/{hist,rlman,rluserman}.texinfo
+ - include version.texi
+
+doc/version.texi
+ - new file, with standard stuff matching other GNU distributions
+
+{doc,lib/readline/doc}/Makefile.in
+ - include right stuff for `version.texi'
+
+lib/readline/doc/{rluserman,rlman,hist}.texinfo
+ - use @copying and @insertcopying and @ifnottex instead of @ifinfo
+ - add FDL as an appendix entitled `Copying This Manual'
+
+lib/readline/doc/{rltech,rluser,hstech,hsuser}.texi
+ - changed the suffix from `texinfo' to `texi'
+
+lib/readline/doc/{rlman,rluserman}.texinfo, doc/bashref.texi
+ - include rltech.texi,rluser.texi,hstech.texi, and hsuser.texi
+
+lib/readline/doc/Makefile.in,doc/Makefile.in
+ - made appropriate changes for {{rl,hs}tech,{rl,hs}user}.texi
+
+lib/readline/doc/{rlman,rluserman}.texinfo
+ - changed the suffix from `texinfo' to `texi'
+
+lib/readline/doc/hist.texinfo
+ - renamed to history.texi
+
+ 2/25
+ ----
+pathnames.h.in
+ - moved pathnames.h here so value of DEBUGGER_START_FILE can be
+ substituted by configure
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - added AM_PATH_LISPDIR for debugger
+
+configure.in
+ - added some variables: `bashvers', `relstatus' to use info in more
+ than one place
+ - call AM_PATH_LISPDIR
+ - new option: --enable-debugger, sets DEBUGGER cpp option
+ - new option with AC_ARG_VAR: DEBUGGER_START_FILE
+ - make `pathnames.h' a file generated by configure
+
+Makefile.in
+ - add rule to create pathnames.h
+
+builtins/declare.def
+ - added extra line number and source file name to `declare -F' output
+ if `--debugger' is used at startup
+
+builtins/evalfile.c
+ - call run_return_trap from source_file before returning the result
+ from _evalfile()
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - call run_return_trap in execute_function before restoring the old
+ context
+
+builtins/source.def
+ - arrange to save and restore DEBUG traps when sourcing files if
+ function_trace_mode (set -o functrace) is not set
+
+print_cmd.c
+ - broke print_for_command, print_select_command, print_case_command
+ into two functions each: one to print the `header' and one for
+ the body
+ - print_cond_command is no longer static
+ - print_arith_command now takes a WORD_LIST *, since it doesn't
+ actually do anything with the ARITH_COM it's passed except print
+ the enclosed WORD_LIST
+ - print_arith_command is no longer static
+
+externs.h
+ - extern declarations for print_{for,select,case}_command_head,
+ print_cond_command, print_arith_command
+
+{.,builtins,lib/sh}/Makefile.in
+ - corrected dependencies on pathnames.h, since it's now created in
+ the build directory
+
+ 3/5
+ ---
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - handle alloca() failing (it's supposed to return NULL)
+ - use malloc() (with its attendent bookkeeping) instead of alloca()
+ in glob_filename()
+
+subst.c
+ - check whether shell_glob_filename returns NULL in
+ glob_expand_word_list
+ - change parameter_brace_expand_rhs to handle cases like
+ ${a[2]:=value} by properly creating the array element instead of a
+ variable named `a[2]' (reported by <opengeometry@yahoo.ca>)
+
+variables.c
+ - change bind_int_variable to use valid_array_reference instead
+ of looking for `['
+
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - check for `a' in _rl_vi_done_inserting so the text inserted by an
+ `a' command can be reinserted with a `.'
+
+lib/readline/readline.c
+ - when entering vi insertion mode in readline_internal_setup(), make
+ sure that _rl_vi_last_key_before_insert is set to `i' so that undo
+ groups and redo work better (reported by <opengeometry@yahoo.ca>)
+
+lib/glob/sm_loop.c
+ - handle ?(...) in a pattern immediately following a `*', instead of
+ ignoring the `(' and treating the `?' as a single-char match, as
+ long as FNM_EXTFLAG is set (reported by <anderson110@poptop.llnl.gov>)
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - new test for presence of struct timezone, BASH_STRUCT_TIMEZONE
+
+config.h.in
+ - add HAVE_STRUCT_TIMEZONE
+
+configure.in
+ - call BASH_STRUCT_TIMEZONE
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - don't try to use `struct timezone' in calls to gettimeofday unless
+ HAVE_STRUCT_TIMEZONE is defined; use (void *)NULL otherwise
+
+ 3/20
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - new variable, the_printed_command_except_trap, saves the command
+ being executed before a trap is executed, for the debugger
+
+trap.c
+ - if in debugging mode, let command substitutions and other child
+ processes inherit the DEBUG and ERR traps if the `functrace'
+ (which is really a bad name, given this semantic) or `errtrace'
+ options, respectively, have been set
+
+shell.c
+ - local_pending_command renamed to command_execution_string; no longer
+ static
+
+variables.c
+ - new dynamic variable, BASH_COMMAND, set to the command string
+ currently executing, or the one that caused a trap to execute
+ (mapped to the_printed_command_except_trap)
+ - new variable, BASH_EXECUTION_STRING, set to the argument to the
+ -c invocation option, if the shell was started that way
+
+ 3/22
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - changed execute_for_command, eval_arith_for_expr,
+ execute_select_command, execute_arith_command, execute_cond_command,
+ execute_simple_command to implement new DEBUG trap semantics
+ for the debugger: if the DEBUG trap commands return a non-zero
+ status and debugging_mode is non-zero, we skip the command to be
+ executed
+
+trap.c
+ - change run_debug_trap for the debugger: if we're in the debugger
+ and the DEBUG trap returns 2 while we're in a function or sourced
+ script, we force a `return'
+
+shell.c
+ - new function, start_debugger(), that sources the debugger start file
+ and turns the debugger on
+
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - new settable option, `extdebug', turns on debugging_mode, as if
+ --debugger had been supplied at invocation (but does not source
+ debugger startup file)
+
+trap.c
+ - make sure that run_exit_trap arranges for `returns' to come back
+ there, too, so a `return' executed by an `exit' invoked within a
+ shell function behaves correctly
+
+support/shobj-conf
+ - change darwin/MacOS X stanza based on advice from mac os x developers
+
+lib/sh/mailstat.c
+ - set the atime member of the synthesized stat struct to 0 if `cur/'
+ is empty, rather than leaving it undefined
+
+ 3/24
+ ----
+builtins/caller.def
+ - new builtin to provide a call stack for the debugger
+
+builtins/evalfile.c
+ - added a second `flags' argument to source_file()
+ - new flag value for flags argument to _evalfile(): FEVAL_NOPUSHARGS.
+ If included in flags arg, it means to not manipulate the BASH_ARGV
+ and BASH_ARGC arrays
+
+builtins/common.h
+ - change prototype for source_file()
+
+builtins/source.def
+ - add flag value to call to source_file(): set to 1 if we replaced
+ the positional parameters
+ - add call to push_args if additional arguments supplied to the
+ source builtin
+ - add call to pop_args in maybe_pop_dollar_vars
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - run the debug trap in execute_function so the debugger can stop
+ before the first command in a function body is executed
+ - modify subshell_level before executing a builtin or function in a
+ subshell
+ - print `for', `select', `case' command heads when set -x is enabled
+
+print_cmd.c
+ - `xtrace_print_word_list' now takes an additional flags argument,
+ which, if non-zero, says to print indirection_level_string()
+ - new functions to print for, select, and case command heads when
+ set -x is enabled
+ - add spaces after `((' and before `))' in xtrace_print_arith_command
+
+externs.h
+ - changed extern declaration for xtrace_print_word_list
+ - new declarations for xtrace_print_{for,case,select}_command_head()
+
+subst.c
+ - modify subshell_level when executing a command substitution
+
+ 3/25
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - use `line_number' in executing_line_number instead of looking into
+ the current command if it's a simple command; rearrange code to
+ make this simpler to compile in and out
+ - need to save and restore value of currently_executing_command around
+ calls to debug trap and return trap in execute_function
+
+make_cmd.c
+ - make sure make_arith_for_command() disposes the WORD_LIST * it is
+ passed, since nothing else does and it's not used directly
+
+ 3/28
+ ----
+Makefile.in
+ - fixed dependencies for `error.o' on shell.h and version.h -- makes
+ parallel makes (gmake -j 4) work correctly
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - documented all new features added to support the debugger
+
+ 4/1
+ ---
+lib/sh/shquote.c
+ - make sure CTLESC and CTLNUL characters are escaped with CTLESC
+ by sh_double_quote, sh_backslash_quote and
+ sh_backslash_quote_for_double_quotes
+ Fixes vulnerability reported by svdb@stack.nl
+
+shell.h
+ - new `pipestatus' member of sh_parser_state_t, to save and restore
+ $PIPESTATUS
+
+parse.y
+ - changes to save_parser_state and restore_parser_state to save and
+ restore $PIPESTATUS
+
+builtins/read.def
+ - add a call to word_list_remove_quoted_nulls before assigning the
+ word list read from standard input to an array variable. Fixes
+ bug reported by holzhey@ppprs1.phy.tu-dresden.de
+
+ 4/3
+ ---
+execute_cmd.c
+ - in execute_null_command, if redirections are supplied, make sure
+ things like 3</etc/passwd are undone immediately, since they're
+ being done in the current shell
+ - functions now inherit the RETURN trap only if function tracing is
+ on for that function or globally
+
+lib/readline/misc.c
+ - in rl_replace_from_history, don't force rl_replace_line to clear
+ the undo_list, since it might point directly at an undo list
+ from a history entry (to which we have no handle)
+
+ 4/4
+ ---
+trap.c
+ - initialize RETURN_TRAP stuff appropriately in initialize_traps()
+ - let command substitutions inherit the RETURN trap if we're in
+ the debugger and function tracing has been enabled
+
+redir.c
+ - do_redirections and do_redirection_internal now take a single
+ flags argument instead of multiple boolean flags
+
+redir.h
+ - new #defines for flags argument to do_redirection{s,_internal}
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - change all calls to do_redirection to use new flag values
+
+parse.y
+ - new function, free_pushed_string_input(), an external interface to
+ clear the pushed_string list (alias expansion)
+ - new define SHOULD_PROMPT to say when it's OK to call prompt_again
+ (if the shell is currently interactive and is reading input from
+ the terminal or readline)
+ - make sure shell_getc and read_secondary_line only call prompt_again
+ if SHOULD_PROMPT evaluates to true
+ - prompt_again shouldn't do anything if the shell is currently in the
+ middle of expanding a multiline alias, since we won't be printing a
+ prompt anyway
+
+externs.h
+ - new extern declaration for free_pushed_string_input()
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - command_substitute and process_substitute now call
+ free_pushed_string_input because they shouldn't deal with any
+ partial alias expansion the parent shell may have started
+
+ 4/5
+ ---
+braces.c
+ - added {x..y} brace expansion, shorthand for {x,x+1,x+2,...,y}:
+ x, y can be integers or single characters; the sequence can be
+ ascending or descending; increment is always 1. Beware that
+ something like {a..A} can lead to non-letters.
+
+ 4/7
+ ---
+subst.c
+ - change extract_delimited_string and extract_dollar_brace_string to
+ return NULL on an expansion error when no_longjmp_on_fatal_error
+ is set, so the calling functions don't assume that the expansion
+ was successful (primarily the prompt expansion and completion code)
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - documented new sequence generation feature of brace expansion
+
+ 4/8
+ ---
+lib/sh/strstr.c
+ - replacement for strstr(3), in case the C library doesn't provide it
+
+configure.in
+ - check for strstr, add to LIBOBJS if not found
+
+array.c
+ - array_walk now takes a third void * argument; it's passed to `func'
+ as its second argument
+
+array.h
+ - change sh_ae_map_func_t prototype to add void * second argument
+
+ 4/10
+ ----
+array.c
+ - new function: array_keys_to_word_list, returns a list of indices for
+ a given array
+
+array.h
+ - new extern declaration for array_keys_to_word_list
+
+arrayfunc.c
+3 - new function: char *array_keys(), returns a string with keys for a
+ given array, with the appropriate quoting
+
+arrayfunc.h
+ - new extern declaration for array_keys
+
+subst.c
+ - code to implement ksh93-like ${!array[@]} expansion (array[*] works,
+ too), which expands to all the keys (indices) of ARRAY
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - documented new ${!array[@]} expansion
+
+ 4/19
+ ----
+builtins/setattr.def
+ - remove any mention of the `-n' option from readonly builtin's short
+ and long documentation
+
+pcomplib.c
+ - fix progcomp_insert to increase the refcount on the `cs' argument
+ before calling hash_insert -- fixes the problem of multiple calls
+ to progcomp_insert with the same compspec
+
+doc/bash.1
+ - add mention of characters that inhibit history expansion when found
+ immediately following an unquoted `!'
+
+bashline.c
+ - convert the code conditionally compiled in by the NO_FORCE_FIGNORE
+ #define to something runtime-tunable with the `force_fignore'
+ variable (opposite sense). force_fignore is 1 by default
+
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - new tunable `shopt' option: `force_fignore', controls force_fignore
+ variable and behavior of FIGNORE handling
+
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - new variable, _rl_complete_show_unmodified, causes completer to list
+ possible completions if more than one completion and partial
+ completion cannot be done
+ - new value for what_to_do argument to rl_complete_internal, `@',
+ indicating that we want the show-unmodified behavior
+ - change rl_completion_type to return `@' when appropriate
+
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - new bindable variable, show-all-if-unmodified, which controls value
+ of _rl_complete_show_unmodified
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - extern declaration for _rl_complete_show_unmodified
+
+lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi
+ - documented show-all-if-unmodified
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
+ - documented new `@' value for second argument to rl_complete_internal
+ - documented new return value from rl_completion_type
+
+ 4/22
+ ----
+lib/readline/signals.c
+ - in rl_set_signal, set sa_flags to SA_RESTART for SIGWINCH, if we
+ have POSIX signals -- this is what most applications expect, and
+ they're not prepared to deal with EINTR
+
+ 4/25
+ ----
+bashline.c
+ - take out attempts to suppress readline filename completion when
+ attempting command completion and there is a directory with the
+ same name in the current directory. #if 0'd for now; maybe make
+ it conditional later
+
+error.c
+ - new variable, gnu_error_format, causes non-interactive errors with
+ line numbers to be printed in the `gnu style' (filename:lineno:)
+ instead of the `shell style' (filename: line lineno:) by
+ error_prolog and parser_error
+
+version.h,support/mkversion
+ - don't put extern function declarations into created version.h any
+ more
+
+version.c,externs.h
+ - add extern declarations for show_shell_version() and
+ shell_version_string(), since they're no longer in version.h
+ (this backs out change from 9/10/2001)
+
+shell.h
+ - don't include version.h
+
+Makefile.in
+ - remove unneeded dependencies on version.h -- only version.o
+ needs it now
+
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - new option `gnu_errfmt', changes error messages with line numbers
+ to use the `standard' gnu format
+
+pcomplete.h
+ - new COPT_BASHDEFAULT and COPT_PLUSDIRS defines
+
+bashline.c
+ - if the COPT_BASHDEFAULT flag is set, try the rest of the bash
+ default completions if a compspec with that flag set generates
+ no matches
+ - broke bash completions out into separate function:
+ bash_default_completion(const char *text, int start, int end,
+ int qc, int in_command_position); change attempt_shell_completion
+ to call it
+
+bashline.h
+ - new extern declaration for bash_default_completion
+
+builtins/complete.def
+ - added code to compgen to call bash_default_completion if a compspec
+ with the COPT_BASHDEFAULT flag set generates no matches from the
+ programmable completion options
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document new `gnu_errfmt' shopt option
+
+doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi
+ - document new `-o bashdefault' option to complete and compgen
+
+ 4/26
+ ----
+pcomplete.c
+ - if a compspec has the COPT_PLUSDIRS flag set, generate any
+ directory name completions and add them to the set of possible
+ completions as the last thing in gen_compspec_completions
+
+builtins/complete.def
+ - add new `-o plusdirs' option to complete and compgen; means to
+ do directory name completion in addition to other actions
+ specified by the compspec, and do it last
+
+ 5/12
+ ----
+copy_cmd.c
+ - fix copy_{for,select,case}_command to copy the line member
+
+ 5/13
+ ----
+lib/readline/rlmbutil.h,include/shmbutil.h
+ - new #define MB_INVALIDCH, evaluates to true if return value from
+ mbrtowc or mbrlen denotes an invalid multibyte character
+ - new #define MB_NULLWCH, evaluates to true if return value from
+ mbrtowc or mbrlen denotes a null multibyte character
+
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - new function, fnwidth(), returns printed length of a filename,
+ correctly handling multibyte characters
+ - new function, fnprint(), displays a filename on rl_outstream
+ correctly handling multibyte characters
+ - use fnwidth() instead of simple strlen() for length calculations
+ in display_matches
+
+lib/readline/{display,mbutil}.c
+ - use MB_INVALIDCH and MB_NULLWCH as appropriate
+
+ 5/21
+ ----
+configure.in
+ - turn off the builtin malloc on GNU/FreeBSD systems (GNU userland,
+ FreeBSD kernel)
+
+ 5/24
+ ----
+pcomplete.c
+ - in programmable_completions, copy the compspec before using it to
+ generate the possible completions, allowing the completion for the
+ command to be changed by the compspec itself without causing a
+ core dump because the shell frees freed memory (reported by
+ marcus.harnish@gmx.net)
+
+parse.y
+ - in shell_getc, don't call notify_and_cleanup in an interactive shell
+ unless the shell is currently reading from the terminal and would
+ print a prompt. This fixes programmable completions printing job
+ notifications (reported by r.d.green@lancaster.ac.uk)
+ - use SHOULD_PROMPT macro consistently
+
+shell.c
+ - use get_string_value instead of getenv when looking up $TERM and
+ $EMACS to see whether the shell is running under emacs
+ - check for `TERM=dumb' as well as `EMACS=t' to decide whether or
+ not to turn off command-line editing in emacs shell windows
+ (reported by jik@kamens.brookline.ma.us)
+
+ 5/28
+ ----
+expr.c
+ - save and restore the `evalbuf' context, since evalexp can be
+ called recursively (e.g. a[b[c]])
+
+ 5/29
+ ----
+builtins/common.c
+ - in display_signal_list, when displaying for `kill -l' in posix mode,
+ display signal names without the `SIG' prefix
+
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - documented changed to posix mode behavior of kill -l
+
+builtins/kill.def
+ - changed the error message printed when argument is not a pid or
+ job id
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - fixed a slight inconsistency in the different sections describing
+ the `promptvars' option
+
+doc/Makefile.in
+ - new rule to create `bash.info' from `bashref.info' by running sed
+ to change the internal references. This makes the installed
+ bash.info work right
+ - make the install target install bash.info after it's been modified
+ from bashref.info
+
+ 5/30
+ ----
+builtins/cd.def
+ - after testing with ferror(), call clearerr if ferror() evaluates
+ to true
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - call clearerr(stdout) after executing a builtin or function,
+ before restoring any redirections
+
+bashhist.c
+ - initialize history_comment_char in bash_history_initialize
+
+builtins/alias.def
+ - if posix mode is enabled, and the `-p' option is not supplied, don't
+ list aliases with a preceding `alias ', as POSIX.2 specifies
+
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - note new posix mode behavior of displaying alias names and values
+ - note new posix mode behavior of trap builtin not checking first
+ argument to be a possible signal specification
+ - note new posix mode behavior of `kill' not accepting signal names
+ with a leading `SIG'
+
+include/stdc.h,lib/readline/rlstdc.h
+ - don't check the __STRICT_ANSI__ define when deciding whether or not
+ to #undef __attribute__
+
+trap.[ch]
+ - decode_signal and signal_object_p take an additional flags arg to
+ satisfy POSIX.2 signal name translation requirements
+ - change decode_signal to honor the new DSIG_NOCASE (match case-
+ insensitively) and DSIG_SIGPREFIX (allow signal specifications
+ with the `SIG' prefix) flags
+
+builtins/{common.c,{trap,kill}.def}
+ - change calls to decode_signal to add the new argument with
+ appropriate values. For kill, POSIX.2 says case-insensitive without
+ the `SIG' prefix. For trap, POSIX.2 says applications may decode
+ case-insensitively and with the SIG prefix
+
+builtins/trap.def
+ - when in posix mode, don't check for the first argument being a
+ possible signal spec and revert the signal handling to the
+ original disposition
+
+ 6/1
+ ---
+shell.h
+ - new MATCH_STARSUB define, to tell the callers of the various pattern
+ substitution and removal functions that call string_list to treat
+ "$*" and "${array[*]}" appropriately
+subst.c
+ - if get_var_and_type encounters an array variable subscripted by `*'
+ or `$*', return VT_STARSUB or'd into the variable type value
+ - callers of get_var_and_type check for VT_STARSUB in the returned type
+ this will fix problems with ${*...} not being separated with the
+ first character of $IFS when double-quoted
+ - in parameter_brace_patsub, set MATCH_STARSUB if VT_STARSUB is set by
+ get_var_and_type
+ - change pos_params_pat_subst to call string_list_dollar_star if
+ the match flags include MATCH_STARSUB
+ - change parameter_brace_substring to call array_subrange with an
+ additional argument indicating the character indexing the array
+
+array.c
+ - change array_patsub to join the modified array elements with the
+ first character of $IFS if MATCH_STARSUB is set in the match flags
+ passed in
+ - array_subrange now takes an additional argument indicating the
+ index type -- used to separate with first char of $IFS if the
+ index char is `*' and the expression is double-quoted
+
+array.h
+ - change prototype declaration of array_subrange to add additional arg
+
+ 6/2
+ ---
+doc/FAQ
+ - merged in some updates about POSIX from Andrew Josey
+
+ 6/3
+ ---
+bashjmp.h
+ - new value for jump_to_top_level: ERREXIT
+
+{eval,shell,subst,trap}.c,builtins/evalstring.c
+ - ERREXIT is (for now) equivalent to EXITPROG as a value from
+ jump_to_top_level
+
+ 6/9
+ ---
+doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/readline.3
+ - documented new `show-all-if-unmodified' readline variable
+
+ 6/14
+ ----
+lib/readline/history.c
+ - new function, histdata_t free_history_entry (HIST_ENTRY *h),
+ frees H and its line, returning the application-specific data
+ - use free_history_entry where appropriate
+
+lib/readline/history.h
+ - extern declaration for free_history_entry()
+
+lib/readline/doc/{history.3,hstech.texi}
+ - document free_history_entry
+
+ 6/16
+ ----
+lib/readline/readline.[ch]
+ - changed varions defines for readline/history library versions to 5.0
+
+subst.c
+ - pass information about whether or not an indirectly-expanded variable
+ contains ${array[@]}, ${array[*]}, $@, or $*
+ - new function, chk_atstar, performs checks for ${array[@]},
+ ${array[*]}, $@, or $* for the parameter_brace_expand* functions and
+ sets flags (passed as args) to the results
+ - call chk_atstar from parameter_brace_expand_indir and
+ parameter_brace_expand
+
+ 6/28
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - clarified that (...) commands are executed in a subshell environment
+
+ 6/30
+ ----
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - fix a problem with parsing nested if statements in inputrc files
+ (fix from dimakar@yahoo.com)
+
+ 7/3
+ ---
+{jobs,nojobs}.c
+ - fix places that use the return value from strsignal() to check
+ for NULL return values using a new function, j_strsignal()
+
+builtins/kill.def
+ - removed JOB_CONTROL restriction; kill is now available as a builtin
+ when the shell is built without job control
+
+ 7/10
+ ----
+jobs.c
+ - some systems have WIFCONTINUED but not WCONTINUED; separate the
+ #defines
+
+ 7/14
+ ----
+lib/readline/history.h
+ - new `timestamp' member of a HIST_ENTRY
+ - extern declarations for add_history_time and history_get_time
+
+lib/readline/doc/{history.3,hstech.texi}
+ - document add_history_time and history_get_time
+
+lib/readline/history.c
+ - implementations of history_get_time and add_history_time
+ - change add_history to initialize the timestamp information
+ - change free_history_entry to free the timestamp
+ - change replace_history_entry to duplicate the timestamp
+ - change history_total_bytes to add the memory taken by the time
+ stamps
+
+bashhist.c,builtins/history.def
+ - use free_history_entry where appropriate
+
+lib/readline/histfile.c
+ - changes to read_history_range to deal with new history file format
+ including timestamps
+ - changes to history_do_write to write out the timestamp information
+ - changes to history_truncate_file to understand the timestamp
+ information
+
+ 7/22
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - fixed function declaration documentation to specify that any compound
+ command may be used as the function body, not just a group command
+
+ 7/23
+ ----
+lib/readline/histfile.c
+ - don't allocate space for null timestamps in history_do_write, and
+ don't write out null timestamp entries
+
+parse.y
+ - fix CHECK_FOR_RESERVED_WORD to call time_command_acceptable() and
+ return TIME if the token is "time" and `time' is legal in that
+ context
+
+ 7/29
+ ----
+lib/sh/fmtulong.c
+ - include <inttypes.h> for possible definitions of intmax_t, uintmax_t
+ (reported by ro@techfak.uni-bielefeld.de)
+
+ 7/30
+ ----
+parse.y
+ - remove checking for `time' reserved word from special_case_tokens();
+ use regular mechanism in CHECK_FOR_RESERVED_WORD. This allows `time'
+ to be aliased. (Reported by Glenn Morris
+ <gmorris+gmane@ast.cam.ac.uk>)
+
+ 7/31
+ ----
+lib/readline/history.h
+ - extern declaration for history_write_timestamps
+
+lib/readline/histfile.c
+ - don't write timestamps to the history file in history_do_write
+ unless history_write_timestamps is set to non-zero by the application
+ (set to 0 by default)
+
+lib/readline/doc/{hstech.texi,history.3}
+ - document history_write_timestamps
+
+variables.[ch]
+ - new special variable function, HISTTIMEFORMAT; special function
+ sets history_write_timestamps to 1 if HISTTIMEFORMAT is set
+
+ 8/4
+ ---
+builtins/history.def
+ - added support for printing time stamps based on the value of the
+ HISTTIMEFORMAT variable when displaying history entries
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - added description of new HISTTIMEFORMAT variable
+
+ 8/5
+ ---
+config-top.h
+ - remove /usr/ucb from any default paths
+
+mailcheck.c
+ - make_default_mailpath now returns NULL if DEFAULT_MAIL_DIRECTORY
+ is not defined
+ - remember_mail_dates now returns if make_default_mailpath returns
+ NULL
+
+config-bot.h
+ - reorganized the sections; provide an explicit placeholder for
+ builders to #undef any feature defines they don't want that
+ configure creates for them, like the default mail path
+
+ 8/9
+ ---
+config.h.in
+ - add HAVE_REGEX_H, HAVE_REGCOMP, HAVE_REGEXEC for detection of POSIX.2
+ regular expression functions
+ - add COND_REGEXP define to enable and disable the =~ operator for
+ matching extended regular expressions in [[...]] commands
+
+configure.in
+ - new option, --enable-cond-regexp, enables =~ and code to perform
+ regular expression matching in [[...]]
+
+config-bot.h
+ - undef COND_REGEXP if the OS doesn't provide posix regexp support
+
+doc/bashref.texi
+ - documnent new --enable-cond-regexp option to configure
+
+ 8/18
+ ----
+support/shobj-conf
+ - support for shared objects on FreeBSD-gnu (from Robert Millan)
+
+ 8/25
+ ----
+lib/sh/shmatch.c
+ - new file, shell interface to posix extended regular expression
+ matching
+
+externs.h
+ - new extern declarations for functions in shmatch.c
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - incorporate code into execute_cond_node that does extended regular
+ expression matching for the =~ operator
+
+parse.y
+ - add `=~' to the list of binary operators accepted by the conditional
+ command parser
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - documented =~ conditional binary operator and the BASH_REMATCH
+ variable
+
+ 8/27
+ ----
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - take multibyte characters into account when looking for quoted
+ substrings on which to do completion (fix from jir@yamato.ibm.com)
+
+lib/readline/util.c
+ - fix typo in _rl_strpbrk
+
+lib/readline/rldefs.h
+ - use function version of _rl_strpbrk in multibyte locales, because
+ it understands to skip over special characters in multibyte
+ character sequences
+
+ 8/28
+ ----
+jobs.c
+ - in wait_for, check for window size changes if a job that exits due
+ to a signal or is stopped was in the foreground, not just if it's
+ the current job
+
+ 9/10
+ ----
+support/config.{guess,sub}
+ - add support to recognize FreeBSD running on the amd64
+
+subst.c
+ - if the new `fail_glob_expansion' variable is non-zero, globbing that
+ fails to match anything causes an expansion error
+
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - new `failglob' expansion: if enabled, failed globs cause an error
+
+test/shopt.right
+ - take `failglob' into account
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - documented new `failglob' option and its effects
+
+ 9/12
+ ----
+findcmd.c
+ - fix file_status to treat the mode bits and uid right -- in particular,
+ don't assume the `other' bits always apply. Bug reported by
+ <moseley@hank.org>; fix inspired by <carlo@alinoe.com>
+
+command.h
+ - new word flag: W_NOCOMSUB, meaning to not perform command
+ substitution on a word
+
+subst.c
+ - new flag for param_expand: PF_NOCOMSUB. If non-zero, $(...)
+ command substitutions are not expanded, but returned unchanged
+ - change expand_word_internal to pass through `` command substitutions
+ unchanged if (word->flags & W_NOCOMSUB) != 0
+ - change expand_word_internal to pass PF_NOCOMSUB to param_expand
+ if (word->flags & W_NOCOMSUB) != 0
+
+builtins/shopt.def
+ - rename set_interactive_comments to set_shellopts_after_change, which
+ more accurately reflects its purpose
+
+syntax.h
+ - add a define for isblank() in case the system doesn't provide one
+
+jobs.c
+ - change raw_job_exit_status to understand `pipefail', using the new
+ `pipefail_opt' variable
+
+flags.[ch]
+ - declare pipefail_opt
+ - reset pipefail_opt to 0 in reset_shell_flags
+
+builtins/set.def
+ - add `set -o pipefail' and document it in help output
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document `set -o pipefail' and the effect of the pipefail option
+
+mksyntax.c,syntax.h
+ - sh_syntaxtab is no longer `const'
+ - new generated variable, sh_syntabsiz, set to number of entries in
+ sh_syntaxtab, written to generated syntax.c
+
+locale.c
+ - new function, locale_setblanks(), sets each member of the current
+ locale's <blank> class to have the CSHBRK flag in sh_syntaxtab
+
+ 9/17
+ ----
+arrayfunc.c
+ - change convert_var_to_array to not set array[0] to a NULL value
+ (if the scalar variable had no value; e.g., after being created
+ with `local arrayvar')
+
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - save and restore the value of prompt_invis_chars_first_line in
+ rl_{save,restore}_prompt, and reinitialize it to 0 before printing
+ something in the message area
+
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - new functions: rl_bind_keyseq_if_unbound_in_map(ks, func, kmap);
+ binds key sequence KS to function FUNC in keymap KMAP, and
+ rl_bind_keyseq_if_unbound (ks, func); binds key sequence KS to
+ function FUNC in the current keymap
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - extern function declarations for rl_bind_keyseq_if_unbound_in_map and
+ rl_bind_keyseq_if_unbound
+
+lib/readline/{readline,terminal}.c
+ - _rl_bind_if_unbound -> rl_bind_keyseq_if_unbound
+
+lib/readline/{bind.c,rlprivate.h}
+ - remove _rl_bind_if_unbound
+
+ 9/18
+ ----
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
+ - document rl_bind_keyseq_if_unbound and
+ rl_bind_keyseq_if_unbound_in_map
+
+ 9/19
+ ----
+lib/readline/bind.c
+ - new functions rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map and
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound; analogous to (and implemented in terms of)
+ keyseq functions
+ - rl_bind_keyseq_in_map: a new function, equivalent to rl_set_key
+ (which remains for backwards compatibility); changed callers to
+ use it
+ - new function, rl_bind_keyseq, equivalent to rl_bind_keyseq_in_map
+ with a third argument of _rl_keymap
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - extern declarations for rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map and
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound
+ - extern declarations for rl_bind_keyseq_in_map and rl_bind_keyseq
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
+ - document rl_bind_keyseq and rl_bind_keyseq_in_map
+
+configure.in
+ - require at least readline-5.0
+
+config-bot.h
+ - define SYS_SIGLIST_DECLARED if it's not defined, but
+ HAVE_DECL_SYS_SIGLIST is, to deal with differences between
+ autoconf versions
+
+bashline.c
+ - use rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map when binding bash keybindings in
+ initialize_readline(), so inputrc files can override them
+
+ 9/22
+ ----
+lib/readline/histsearch.c
+ - do better bounds checking for history_offset and history_length in
+ history_search_internal
+
+builtins/history.def
+ - in delete_last_history(), make sure we don't leave the history
+ offset longer than the history length after calling delete_histent
+
+ 9/23
+ ----
+jobs.c
+ - small change to notify_of_job_status so job status messages get
+ printed even if the shell was started to run `-c command'. The
+ old behavior was intentional, but I cannot remember why, so we'll
+ try it the other way for a while (debian bash bug #211693)
+
+ 9/24
+ ----
+jobs.c
+ - slightly modify change from 9/23 so that jobs started to run
+ command substitutions don't print job status messages
+
+ 9/25
+ ----
+lib/readline/search.c
+ - when reading a non-incremental search string from the terminal,
+ use a separate undo list rather than chaining it to the undo list
+ from the rest of the line, since the whole undo list will get
+ freed when the search string is complete
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - changed the defines guarding the stdarg prototype for rl_message to
+ match what's actually used in display.c, where it's defined
+
+ 9/26
+ ----
+[bash-3.0-alpha released]
+
+ 9/29
+ ----
+lib/sh/shmatch.c
+ - fix to build correctly when arrays are not compiled into the shell
+
+subst.c
+ - fix command substitution to run any exit trap defined in the
+ command substitution before returning; the exit trap is not inherited
+ from the calling shell
+
+lib/readline/shell.c
+ - change sh_set_lines_and_columns to free the memory allocated and
+ passed to setenv(), since setenv is specified by POSIX to allocate
+ new memory and copy its arguments
+
+jobs.c
+ - change logic in make_child so that every child process attempts to
+ set the terminal's process group to the pipeline's process group
+ when PGRP_PIPE is defined, just like when it's undefined. This is
+ reported to fix some tricky synchronization problems on Red Hat
+ Enterprise Linux 3. Fix from Ernie Petrides <petrides@redhat.com>.
+
+ 9/30
+ ----
+builtins/printf.def
+ - tescape no longer needs a `trans_squote' argument, since it's the
+ same as the `sawc' argument. The `sawc' argument now means to do
+ the %b argument processing if non-null
+ - fix processing of octal constants for %b arguments (\0 followed by
+ up to three octal digits) and other escape sequences (\ followed by
+ up to three octal digits)
+ - hex constants `\xHHH' are now allowed to contain any positive
+ number of digits; previously they were restricted to two [removed]
+ - allow two new escape sequences: \" and \?, for compatibility with
+ ksh93 and ANSI C
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - documented processing that printf performs for arguments to %b
+ escape sequences
+
+lib/sh/strtrans.c
+ - add \" and \? to escape sequences recognized by `echo -e'
+
+ 10/1
+ ----
+version.c
+ - use snprintf instead of sprintf if configure tells us we have it
+
+ 10/3
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - in list_remove_pattern, take into account the fact that one of the
+ list elements may be NULL, and don't free the result of
+ remove_pattern() without checking
+ - in remove_pattern, return savestring(param) if *param == '\0',
+ since callers expect to free() non-null return values
+
+ 10/4
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - change verify_substring_values to make it clearer that the first
+ offset deals with array indices and the second deals with numbers
+ of elements, when doing array subranges with ${a[@]:e1:e2}
+
+array.c
+ - change array_subrange to make it explicit that the second offset
+ argument is a count of the desired number of elements, not an
+ ending index. This deals with sparse arrays correctly.
+
+ 10/6
+ ----
+variables.c
+ - fix memory leak in assign_in_env
+
+ 10/8
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - in parameter_brace_expand, check that the last characters are `]}'
+ before checking for ${!array[@]}
+
+execute_cmd.c,builtins/source.def
+ - push and pop the args (BASH_ARGV and BASH_ARGC) when executing a
+ shell function or sourcing a script only when in debugging mode
+
+ 10/11
+ -----
+arrayfunc.c
+ - make sure array_variable_name returns values for the SUBP and LENP
+ arguments if they're non-null, since callers expect to use them
+ even if the array subscript is bad
+
+error.c
+ - call exit_shell instead of sh_exit from parser_error and
+ report_error so the right things happen (running exit trap, doing
+ the right interactive cleanup, etc.)
+
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - new variable, rl_completion_quote_character, set to any quote char
+ readline thinks it finds before any application completion
+ function is called
+ - new variable, rl_completion_suppress_quote, settable by an
+ application-specific completion function. If set to non-zero, the
+ completion code does not append a closing quote in append_to_match
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - extern declarations for rl_completion_quote_character and
+ rl_completion_suppress_quote
+
+bashline.c
+ - set rl_completion_suppress_quote in command_subst_completion_function
+ because that would be inserted before any closing "`" or ")", which
+ is somewhat disconcerting
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
+ - documented rl_completion_suppress_quote and
+ rl_completion_quote_character
+
+ 10/13
+ -----
+bashhist.c
+ - use sv_histchars instead of setting history_comment_char directly in
+ bash_initialize_history so assignments to $histchars made in
+ ~/.bashrc are honored
+
+ 10/21
+ -----
+trap.c
+ - make sure run_exit_trap sets `running_trap' appropriately
+ - new variable, trap_saved_exit_value, set to last_command_exit_value
+ before running any trap commands; available to the rest of the
+ shell; use trap_saved_exit_value to replace some function-local
+ variables
+
+builtins/exit.def
+ - if the shell is running the exit trap, and no argument is given
+ to `exit', use trap_saved_exit_value as the exit status instead
+ of the last command exit value (which could be the previous command
+ run in the exit trap), as required by POSIX.2
+
+ 10/25
+ -----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - add `alias' to the list of documented `assignment statement' builtins
+
+ 11/1
+ ----
+doc/bash.1
+ - remove the `.' from the sample $PATH value
+
+parse.y
+ - make sure parse_compound_assignment prompts with $PS2 if it reads
+ a newline while parsing the compound assignment statement. Bug
+ reported by Stephane Chazelas
+ - parse_string_to_word_list now takes a new second argument: `int flags'
+ - new parser state flag: PST_COMPASSIGN; indicates that the shell is
+ parsing a compound assignment statement
+ - parse_string_to_word_list turns on PST_COMPASSIGN if `flags' arg
+ has low bit set
+ - turn PST_COMPASSIGN on and off in parse_compound_assignment
+
+externs.h
+ - change prototype declaration for parse_string_to_word_list
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - change call to parse_string_to_word_list to add new flags arg
+
+general.c
+ - assignment() takes a new `flags' second argument
+ - if `flags' is non-zero, accept `[' as a legal assignment statement
+ starter character (for parsing compound array assignments)
+
+general.h
+ - add new argument to prototype declaration for assignment()
+
+parse.y,{subst,variables}.c, builtins/{setattr,declare}.def
+ - change calls to assignment() (parse.y calls with flags == 1 when
+ parser_state inlcudes PST_COMPASSIGN)
+
+arrayfunc.c
+ - in assign_array_var_from_string(), don't treat an expanded word
+ of the form [ind]=value specially unless the W_ASSIGNMENT flag is
+ set. This means that words that are the result of expansions but
+ happen to have the same format as compound assignment statement
+ words will not be treated as such. For instance
+
+ v='[12]=foobar'
+ a=( $v )
+
+ will result in a[0]='[12]=foobar' instead of a[12]=foobar. This
+ is closer to how `regular' assignment statements are treated and
+ compatible with ksh93. Bug reported by Stephane Chazelas
+
+shell.c
+ - new --protected argument, disables command substitution when used
+ with --wordexp (like --wordexp, it remains undocumented)
+ - change run_wordexp to turn on the W_NOCOMSUB flag in each word
+ to be expanded if protected_mode is set
+
+ 11/7
+ ----
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - clarified the language concerning inherited signal dispositions and
+ when traps are run
+
+support/shobj-conf
+ - slight changes to the darwin (Mac OS X) stanza for MacOS X 10.3
+ (for the readline shared library builds, which shares this script)
+
+lib/readline/histexpand.c
+ - change to make `^' behave as equivalent to word one, as csh does,
+ and as the documentation states
+
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - in update_line, make sure to use col_lendiff in all calculations
+ where the cursor position is concerned (like when calculating
+ the value of _rl_last_c_pos). Fixes bug reported by Andreas
+ Schwab
+
+ 11/12
+ -----
+trap.c
+ - make _run_trap_internal catch `return' builtin longjmps and clean
+ up before longjmping on to where the return was intended to go
+ (fixes bug with not turning off SIG_INPROGRESS flag when `return'
+ executed in trap command)
+
+ 11/18
+ -----
+builtins/cd.def
+ - in posix mode, set errno to ENOTDIR if canonicalization fails,
+ unless the canonicalization functions leave it set to ENOENT
+
+ 11/25
+ -----
+make_cmd.c
+ - in make_simple_command, don't blindly dereference element.redirect
+
+parse.y
+ - the list_terminator production now has an `int' value so it can be
+ used in other grammar productions
+ - add a rule that makes `time' on a line by itself time a null
+ command (this is iffy)
+
+ 11/28
+ -----
+subst.c
+ - change the pattern substitution code (${var//pat/rep}) to use the
+ same pattern expansion function (getpattern()) as the pattern
+ removal expansions. This has the effect of no longer performing
+ quote removal on the pattern before trying to match it. This
+ fixes an incompatibility with ksh93 reported on comp.unix.shell
+
+nojobs.c
+ - add replacement function for siginterrupt on the off chance that a
+ system has posix signals but lacks siginterrrupt
+
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - fix from Tim Waugh at Red Hat to speed up inserting characters into
+ long lines in a UTF-8 environment by optimizing the calculation of
+ the first difference between old and new lines by checking to see
+ whether the old line is a subset of the new
+
+ 11/29
+ -----
+lib/malloc/stats.c
+ - break code that opens file (and interprets %p) into separate function
+ _imalloc_fopen(char *s, char *fn, char *def, char *defbuf, size_t defsiz)
+ for use by rest of library
+ - default stats file is now `stats.PID'
+
+lib/malloc/trace.c
+ - new function, malloc_set_tracefn (char *s, char *fn), sets tracing
+ to the file named by FN (with %p interpolated as the pid), using
+ some default if FN is NULL
+
+lib/malloc/shmalloc.h
+ - new extern declaration for malloc_set_tracefn
+
+ 12/4
+ ----
+execute_cmd.c
+ - combined several common strings from do_piping() into one
+ dup_error() function
+
+builtins/common.[ch]
+ - new function, `sh_notbuiltin(s)' prints error message about s not
+ being a shell builtin
+
+builtins/{builtin,enable}.def
+ - call sh_notbuiltin instead of using literal string
+
+{arrayfunc,expr,error}.c
+ - use one string variable for `bad array subscript' error message; use
+ in calls to various error reporting functions
+
+Makefile.in
+ - add variables for localedir and the PACKAGE_* variables, auto-set
+ by configure
+
+configure.in
+ - un-cache values for gettext, textdomain, and bindtextdomain if they're
+ not in libc but in libintl so the right variables get set
+
+bashintl.h
+ - add necessary defines for marking strings to be translated using
+ gettext
+
+locale.c
+ - set textdomain and directory in set_default_locale
+ - don't call textdomain with the value of $TEXTDOMAIN, since we don't
+ want to override the default domain ("bash")
+ - don't call bindtextdomain unless default_domain already has a value
+ - when translating $"..." strings, use dgettext with the script's
+ default domain (value of $TEXTDOMAIN)
+
+ 12/9
+ ----
+builtins/mkbuiltins.c
+ - include "bashintl.h" in the generated "builtins.c"
+
+support/{config.rpath,mkinstalldirs}
+ - new files to support gettext i18n
+
+ABOUT-NLS
+ - new readme file for gettext internationalization
+
+po/{Makefile.in.in,Rules-quot,boldquot.sed,en@boldquot.header,en@quot.header,insert-header.sin,quot.sed,remove-potcdate.sin}
+po/{POTFILES.in,bash.pot}
+ - new files for gettext
+
+lib/intl
+ - new directory, with libintl stuff from gettext
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - add m4 files from gettext distribution needed by libintl
+
+configure.in
+ - create po/Makefile.in and lib/intl/Makefile in AC_OUTPUT
+ - add call to AM_GNU_GETTEXT to initialize gettext stuff
+
+Makefile.in
+ - use mkinstalldirs instead of mkdirs in the `installdirs' target
+ - changes for intl/ and po/ subdirectories in build and install
+ - changes to have libintl linked in, as determined by configure
+ - changes to have libintl built, just in case it's used (though I'd
+ rather not)
+
+ 12/10
+ -----
+config.h.in
+ - additional #defines required by the libintl library
+ - add ENABLE_NLS define for AM_GNU_GETTEXT
+ - take out defines for HAVE_{BINDTEXTDOMAIN,GETTEXT,TEXTDOMAIN}
+
+configure.in
+ - removed old tests for libintl and gettext/textdomain/bindtextdomain
+
+locale.c
+ - remove HAVE_GETTEXT code; we have gettext unconditionally now
+
+bashintl.h
+ - change to include "gettext.h" and remove the conditional code based
+ on whether or not gettext is present
+
+ 12/16
+ -----
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - fix problem with rl_vi_eWord that caused it to skip over the last
+ character of a word if invoked while point was on the next-to-last
+ character
+
+ 12/18
+ -----
+{arrayfunc,bashhist,bashline,error,eval,execute_cmd,expr,general,input,jobs}.c
+{mailcheck,make_cmd,nojobs,pcomplete,pcomplib,print_cmd,redir,shell,sig}.c
+{subst,test,trap,variables,version,xmalloc}.c
+parse.y
+builtins/{common,evalfile,getopt}.c
+builtins/{bind,break,caller,cd,complete,declare,enable,exec,exit,fc,fg_bg}.def
+builtins/{hash,help,history,jobs,kill,printf,pushd,read,return,set,setattr}.def
+builtins/{shift,shopt,source,suspend,type,ulimit,umask}.def
+lib/sh/{fmtulong,netopen}.c
+ - include "bashintl.h" for gettext defines
+
+Makefile.in
+ - add `-DBUILDTOOL' to CFLAGS for buildversion.o
+
+bashintl.h
+ - if `BUILDTOOL' is defined, define ENABLE_NLS to 0 so we don't have
+ to compile and link in the gettext stuff
+
+Makefile.in,lib/sh/Makefile.in,builtins/Makefile.in
+ - update dependencies on bashintl.h and include/gettext.h
+
+ 12/19
+ -----
+{arrayfunc,bashhist,bashline,error,eval,execute_cmd,expr,general,input,jobs}.c
+{mailcheck,make_cmd,nojobs,pcomplete,pcomplib,print_cmd,redir,shell,sig}.c
+{subst,test,trap,variables,version,xmalloc}.c
+builtins/{common,evalfile,getopt}.c
+builtins/{bind,break,caller,cd,complete,declare,enable,exec,exit,fc,fg_bg}.def
+builtins/{hash,help,history,jobs,kill,let,printf,pushd,read,return,set}.def
+builtins/{setattr,shift,shopt,source,suspend,type,ulimit,umask}.def
+lib/sh/{fmtulong,netopen}.c
+lib/malloc/{malloc,stats,table,watch}.c
+ - mark up strings in source files for gettext processing
+
+lib/malloc/imalloc.h
+ - include "bashintl.h" if SHELL is defined, otherwise make _(x) an
+ identity define
+
+lib/malloc/Makefile.in
+ - add dependencies on ${topdir}/bashintl.h and ${BASHINCDIR}/gettext.h
+
+ 12/21
+ -----
+bashline.c
+ - make sure we index into rl_line_buffer with indexes > 0 in
+ attempt_shell_completion
+
+ 12/31
+ -----
+Makefile.in
+ - descend into `po' and run make recursively for the various clean
+ targets
+
+ 1/4
+ ---
+include/shmbutil.h
+ - two new macros: BACKUP_CHAR(str, strsize, i), which backs up one
+ multibyte character in STR starting at index I, and
+ BACKUP_CHAR_P(str, strsize, p), which backs up one multibyte
+ character in STR starting at P, which is a char *
+
+ 1/6
+ ---
+pcomplete.c
+ - in pcomp_filename_completion_function, use the quote character
+ readline found (and assigned to rl_complete_quote_character) when
+ dequoting the filename by a completion call from readline (when
+ rl_dispatching != 0)
+
+bashline.c
+ - ditto for bash_directory_completion_matches
+
+ 1/7
+ ---
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - new variable, rl_completion_found_quote, set to non-zero value if
+ readline finds what it thinks is quoting in the word to be completed
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - extern declaration for rl_completion_found_quote
+
+ 1/8
+ ---
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
+ - documented rl_completion_found_quote
+
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - in compute_lcd_of_matches, if it looks like what the user typed was
+ dequoted before generating filename matches, dequote the user's
+ text again before figuring out the case-insensitive lcd
+
+ 1/9
+ ---
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - fix from Edward Catmur <ed@catmur.co.uk> to logic that handles
+ invisible characters in prompt string. Original code was wrong
+ about local_prompt_prefix; it gave incorrect results when prompt
+ contained invisible characters after a line break
+
+ 1/10
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - new function, mb_substring(), does character (possibly multibyte)
+ oriented rather than strictly byte-oriented substring extraction.
+ The passed indices, rather than strictly indexing into the string,
+ indicate character positions that need to be calculated. From
+ Tim Waugh <twaugh@redhat.com>
+ - change parameter_brace_substring to use mb_substring if necessary
+
+included/shmbutil.h
+ - new define SADD_MBQCHAR_BODY, common code for adding a quoted
+ (preceded by CTLESC) multibyte character to an accumulating string
+ in the subst.c expansion code
+
+subst.c
+ - use SADD_MBQCHAR_BODY in expand_word_internal
+ - new static function, mb_getcharlens, allocates and returns an array
+ of character lengths for (possibly multibyte) characters in the
+ argument string
+ - change pattern matching operations to use while loops instead of
+ for loops to handle multibyte characters better (no more simple
+ increment or decrement)
+ - change pattern matching operations to use multibyte character
+ operations instead of simple increments and decrements. Don't
+ use BACKUP_CHAR_P -- use the mblen array instead, because that
+ avoids the N**2 behavior of having to count from the beginning
+ of the string each time you want to back up one character. Changes
+ to remove_pattern and match_pattern
+
+ 1/12
+ ----
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - make expand_prompt count multbyte characters in the prompt string
+ by using _rl_find_next_mbchar (and copying possibly more than one
+ byte) instead of a simple increment and single byte copy
+
+ 1/13
+ ----
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - expand_prompt takes a new reference argument -- it returns
+ the actual count of (possibly multibyte) characters displayed
+ on the screen
+ - don't short-circuit in expand_prompt unless we're not going to
+ be using any multibyte characters
+ - change calls to expand_prompt to pass an argument for the
+ number of physical characters the prompt occupies
+ (prompt_physical_chars)
+ - initialize `lpos' (the physical cursor position) from
+ prompt_physical_chars in rl_redisplay
+
+lib/readline/mbutil.c
+ - in _rl_find_prev_mbchar_internal, if mbrtowc returns -1 or -2, and
+ we assume that the character is a single-byte char, make sure we
+ update `prev' so it doesn't get lost. Fixes problems encountered
+ when a non-ascii char is the last char on the line and we're moving
+ back past it with ^B, and other display problems caused by the same
+ situation
+
+ 1/15
+ ----
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
+ - document RL_PROMPT_START_IGNORE and RL_PROMPT_END_IGNORE in the
+ description of rl_expand_prompt()
+
+ 1/20
+ ----
+bashline.c
+ - in initialize_readline, make sure M-C-j and M-C-m are still bound to
+ vi-editing-mode before unbinding them -- they may have been rebound
+ in an inputrc
+
+variables.c
+ - in unbind_variable, unset attributes other than `local' and exported
+ (if the variable came from a temporary environment) when unsetting a
+ local variable inside a function
+
+ 1/21
+ ----
+configure.in
+ - add libintl build directory to the list of include directories if
+ it's being built (using INTL_BUILDDIR)
+
+Makefile.in,{builtins,lib/{sh,malloc}}/Makefile.in
+ - substitute LIBBUILD as ${BUILD_DIR}/${LIBSUBDIR}
+ - define INTL_BUILDDIR as ${LIBBUILD}/intl
+
+{builtins,lib/sh}/Makefile.in
+ - make sure INTL_INC is added to the list of include directories
+ - make sure INTL_LIBSRC is defined with the correct value
+
+{configure,Makefile,{builtins,lib/sh}/Makefile}.in
+ - substitute LIBINTL_H as ${INTL_BUILDDIR}/libintl.h
+
+Makefile.in,builtins/Makefile.iin
+ - all files depending on bashintl.h also depend on ${LIBINTL_H}
+ (which may be empty)
+
+Makefile.in
+ - make a rule telling how to build lib/intl/libintl.h if necessary
+
+ 1/24
+ ----
+builtins/read.def
+ - make sure that the array name supplied as an argument to -a is a
+ valid identifier
+
+parse.y
+ - make the \W expansion abbreviate $HOME with a ~ (seems to be more
+ useful)
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - document new behavior of \W
+
+subst.c
+ - make sure parameter_brace_expand_rhs uses the first character of
+ $IFS when making the string to return from the expanded word
+ (which, in the case of "$@" or $@, contains multiple words that
+ need to be separated)
+
+ 1/25
+ ----
+builtins/common.c
+ - change get_job_spec to make `%' by itself or an empty argument
+ return NO_JOB
+
+jobs.h
+ - new possible value for a job spec return value: BAD_JOBSPEC
+ (for syntactically invalid specs, like the empty string)
+
+shell.c
+ - in open_shell_script, check to see whether or not we can find and
+ open the filename argument before setting dollar_vars[0] or
+ manipulating BASH_SOURCE, so the error messages come out better
+
+subst.c
+ - in string_list_internal, short-circuit right away to savestring()
+ if the list only has a single element
+
+ 1/28
+ ----
+lib/readline/rltypedefs.h
+ - new set of typedefs for functions returning char * with various
+ arguments (standard set)
+
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - new function pointer, rl_completion_word_break_hook, called by
+ _rl_find_completion_word, used to set word break characters at
+ completion time, allowing them to be position-based
+
+lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
+ - documented rl_completion_word_break_hook
+
+lib/readline/kill.c
+ - added new rl_unix_filename_rubout, which deletes one filename
+ component in a Unix pathname backward (delimiters are whitespace
+ and `/')
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - extern declaration for rl_unix_filename_rubout
+
+lib/readline/funmap.c
+ - new bindable readline command `unix-filename-rubout'
+
+lib/readline/doc/{readline.3,rluser.texi},doc/bash.1
+ - documented `unix-filename-rubout'
+
+ 1/29
+ ----
+lib/readline/histexpand.c
+ - change history_tokenize_internal to handle non-whitespace delimiter
+ characters by creating separate fields (like the shell does when
+ splitting on $IFS)
+
+ 1/30
+ ----
+lib/glob/xmbsrtowcs.c
+ - new function, xdupmbstowcs, for convenience: calls xmbsrtowcs
+ while allocating memory for the new wide character string
+ - some small efficiency improvments to xmbsrtowcs
+
+include/shmbutil.h
+ - extern declaration for xdupmbstowcs
+
+lib/glob/strmatch.h
+ - include config.h for definition of HANDLE_MULTIBYTE
+ - remove the HAVE_LIBC_FNM_EXTMATCH tests
+ - new extern declaration for wcsmatch(whchar_t *, wchar_t *, int)
+
+configure.in
+ - remove call to BASH_FUNC_FNMATCH_EXTMATCH; it's no longer used
+
+lib/glob/smatch.c
+ - simplify xstrmatch() by using xdupmbstowcs() instead of inline code
+
+lib/glob/glob.c
+ - modify mbskipname() to avoid the use of alloca
+ - simplify mbskipname() by using xdupmbstowcs() instead of inline code
+ - simplify glob_pattern_p() by using xdupmbstowcs() instead of
+ inline code
+ - fix memory leak in wdequote_pathname
+ - simplify wdequote_pathname() by using xdupmbstowcs() instead of
+ inline code
+
+lib/glob/strmatch.c
+ - new function, wcsmatch(), `exported' wide-character equivalent of
+ strmatch()
+
+subst.c
+ - old match_pattern is now match_upattern
+ - match_pattern now either calls match_upattern or converts
+ mbstrings to wide chars and calls match_wpattern
+ - match_upattern reverted to old non-multibyte code
+ - new function: match_pattern_wchar, wide character version of
+ match_pattern_char
+
+ 2/1
+ ---
+subst.c
+ - old remove_pattern is now remove_upattern
+ - remove_upattern reverted to old non-multibyte code (pre-Waugh patch)
+ - new multibyte version of remove_pattern: remove_wpattern
+ - remove_pattern now calls either remove_upattern or converts a
+ multibyte string to a wide character string and calls
+ remove_wpattern
+ - new function, wcsdup, wide-character version of strdup(3)
+
+ 2/4
+ ---
+print_cmd.c
+ - temporarily translate a >&filename redirection from
+ r_duplicating_output_word to r_err_and_out (as the expansion code
+ in redir.c does) so it prints without a leading `1' (file
+ descriptor)
+
+ 2/5
+ ---
+aclocal.m4
+ - add a check for wcsdup to BASH_CHECK_MULTIBYTE
+
+config.h.in
+ - add HAVE_WCSDUP define
+
+ 2/9
+ ---
+builtins/shift.def
+ - fix a call to sh_erange that possibly dereferences a NULL pointer
+
+ 2/12
+ ----
+general.c
+ - start at a general set of file property checking functions:
+ file_isdir(), file_iswdir() (is writable directory)
+
+general.h
+ - extern declarations for new functions
+
+lib/sh/tmpfile.c
+ - use file_iswdir() to make sure the temporary directory used for
+ here documents and other temp files is writable in get_sys_tmpdir()
+
+ 2/17
+ ----
+bashline.c
+ - fix conditional binding of emacs-mode M-~ -- there is a default
+ binding for it (rl_tilde_expand), so a straight call to
+ rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map doesn't do the right thing
+
+ 2/27
+ ----
+[bash-3.0-beta1 released]
+
+ 2/29
+ ----
+subst.c
+ - fixed expansion so referencing $a, when a is an array variable
+ without an element assigned to index 0, exits the shell when
+ `-u' is enabled
+
+expr.c
+ - make the exponentiation operator (**) associative, so things like
+ 2**3**4 work right (change `if' to `while')
+
+ 3/3
+ ---
+lib/sh/strftime.c
+ - SCO Unix 3.2, like Solaris, requires that the system's `timezone'
+ variable be declared as long
+
+lib/readline/{bind,histfile,input,parens}.c
+ - changes for Tandem (including `floss.h' (?))
+
+ 3/4
+ ---
+subst.c
+ - change param_expand to quote the entire expanded string instead
+ of just the escape characters if the expansion appears between
+ double quotes or in a here-document (for simple variable expansions
+ or expansions of positional parameters)
+
+ 3/8
+ ---
+subst.c
+ - analogous changes to parameter_brace_expand_word to fix the same
+ quoting problem as on 3/4; fix callers to understand that the
+ value returned might be quoted now and should be dequoted if
+ necessary
+ - add a `quoted' argument to get_var_and_type, change callers
+ - change today's fix and fix from 3/4 to not call quote_string if the
+ value is "" (because quote_string turns that into CTLNUL\0)
+
+ 3/9
+ ---
+builtins/cd.def
+ - resetpwd() now takes a `caller' argument so it can be used by pwd
+ as well as cd
+ - change pwd_builtin to call resetpwd() if sh_physpath() fails to
+ return a valid pathname
+
+ 3/14
+ ----
+expr.c
+ - reworked exp0 and readtok() to make post-increment and post-decrement
+ into real tokens, which may be separated from their accompanying
+ variables by whitesapce
+ - made analogous changes to readtok() to make pre-increment and
+ pre-decrement work when separated from their accompanying identifier
+ by whitespace
+
+ 3/18
+ ----
+lib/readline/misc.c
+ - in rl_maybe_unsave_line, don't force rl_replace_line to clear
+ the undo_list, since it might point directly at an undo list
+ from a history entry (to which we have no handle)
+
+ 3/19
+ ----
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - rl_save_prompt and rl_restore_prompt now save and restore the value
+ of prompt_physical_chars
+ - set prompt_physical_chars in rl_redisplay when expand_prompt has
+ not been called (e.g., when rl_display_prompt is set and is not
+ equal to rl_prompt, like when searching)
+
+lib/readline/histexpand.c
+ - don't call add_history in history_expand if the `:p' modifier is
+ supplied; leave that to the calling application. This means that
+ `history -p', for example, will not add anything to the history
+ list (as documented), nor will history expansions invoked by
+ emacs-mode M-C-e line editing
+
+config-bot.h
+ - check whether HAVE_DECL_SYS_SIGLIST is defined to 1 rather than just
+ defined, to work around newer versions of autoconf defining it to 0
+
+config.h.in
+ - change default status of HAVE_MALLOC to #undef instead of #define
+
+bashhist.c
+ - extern declarations for rl_done and rl_dispatching
+ - don't call re_edit from pre_process_line unless rl_dispatcing is zero,
+ so we don't call it from something like shell-expand-line
+ - change pre_process_line to add an expanded history specification
+ that returned `print only' to the history list, since history_expand
+ no longer does it (and, when using readline, do it only when
+ rl_dispatching is zero)
+
+ 3/22
+ ----
+config.h.in,aclocal.m4
+ - change bash-specific functions that look in struct dirent to define
+ HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_xxx, like AC_CHECK_MEMBERS does (though the
+ functions are otherwise the same)
+ - new function, BASH_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_NAMLEN, define
+ HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_NAMLEN if struct dirent has a `d_namlen' member
+
+configure.in
+ - call BASH_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_NAMLEN
+
+include/posixdir.h
+ - use new and renamed HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_xxx defines
+
+ 4/7
+ ---
+builtins/cd.def
+ - ensure that we print out a non-null pathname after getting a
+ directory from CDPATH and canonicalizing it (e.g., if the result
+ exceeds PATH_MAX in length and the_current_working_directory is
+ set to NULL)
+
+ 4/12
+ ----
+print_cmd.c
+ - new function to print out assignment statements when `set -x' has
+ been enabled: xtrace_print_assignment
+
+externs.h
+ - extern declaration for xtrace_print_assignment
+
+ 4/13
+ ----
+{subst,variables}.c
+ - call xtrace_print_assignment instead of using inline code
+
+jobs.c
+ - if turning on job control when it was previously off, set
+ pipeline_pgrp to 0 in set_job_control so make_child puts
+ subsequent children in their own process group
+
+ 4/14
+ ----
+general.c
+ - new function, legal_alias_name, called to decide whether an
+ argument to add_alias is a valid alias name -- essentially any
+ character except one which must be quoted to the shell parser
+ and `/'
+
+general.h
+ - new extern declaration for legal_alias_name
+
+builtins/alias.def
+ - `unalias' now returns failure status if no NAME arguments are
+ supplied and -a is not given
+ - call legal_alias_name to make sure alias name is valid before
+ calling add_alias from alias_builtin
+
+ 4/19
+ ----
+include/shmbutil.h
+ - include <config.h> for definition of HANDLE_MULTIBYTE rather than
+ duplicating logic
+
+ 4/20
+ ----
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - make sure $0 is consistently referred to as a `special parameter'
+ - document which characters are now not allowed in alias names
+
+ 4/23
+ ----
+
+builtins/{jobs,kill,wait}.def
+ - removed requirement that job control be enabled to use job control
+ notation, as SUSv3 implies
+
+subst.c
+ - based on a message from David Korn, change param_expand to not call
+ string_list_dollar_star if the only quoting is Q_HERE_DOCUMENT --
+ quoted here documents are like double quoting, but not exactly
+ - analogous changes to list_remove_pattern and pos_params
+
+ 4/24
+ ----
+lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi
+ - fix error in description of emacs-mode C-xC-e command (uses $VISUAL
+ instead of $FCEDIT)
+
+ 4/28
+ ----
+support/bashbug.sh
+ - integrate a patch from Stefan Nordhausen
+ <nordhaus@informatik.hu-berlin.de> that reduces race conditions
+ by using a temporary directory inside $TMPDIR and creating the
+ temp files in that
+
+ 4/30
+ ----
+builtins/common.c
+ - use pathconf(".", _PC_PATH_MAX) where available to size the argument
+ to getcwd() rather than using a straight PATH_MAX
+
+builtins/cd.def
+ - if get_working_directory fails and returns null (causing resetpwd
+ to return NULL), use set_working_directory to set $PWD to the
+ absolute pathname for which chdir just succeeded
+
+ 5/1
+ ---
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - in rl_vi_change_to, call _rl_vi_set_last with rl_numeric_arg instead
+ of `last', since they're equal at call time and rl_vi_domove can
+ change rl_numeric_arg (which vi apparently updates). Fixes redo bug
+ of `c2....' reported by Marion Berryman <mwberryman@copper.net>
+
+ 5/4
+ ---
+parse.y
+ - fix decode_prompt_string to properly deal with strftime() returning 0
+
+ 5/6
+ ---
+variables.c
+ - in make_local_array_variable, return an already-existing local array
+ variable immediately rather than creating a new array (causing a
+ memory leak)
+
+ 5/8
+ ---
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - change rl_vi_domove to set rl_explicit_arg before calling
+ rl_digit_loop1 so that multi-digit numeric arguments work right
+ - _rl_vi_last_command is no longer static
+
+lib/readline/rlprivate.h
+ - new extern declaration for _rl_vi_last_command
+
+lib/readline/text.c
+ - change rl_newline to only call _rl_vi_reset_last if the last command
+ (_rl_vi_last_command) is not a text modification command. This lets
+ the last-command and last-argument work across command lines
+
+ 5/13
+ ----
+builtins/common.c
+ - use getcwd(0,0) rather than providing a fixed pathname with a fixed
+ length (PATH_MAX) so getcwd() will allocate sufficient memory
+
+aclocal.m4
+ - change BASH_FUNC_GETCWD to check whether or not getcwd(0,0) will
+ allocate memory for the returned value -- nobody implements that
+ and getcwd-via-popen, so it should capture the old test as well
+
+ 5/27
+ ----
+
+builtins/trap.def
+ - the historical behavior of assuming that a signal's handling should
+ be set to its original disposition is only in effect if a single
+ argument is given, otherwise the first argument is assumed to be a
+ command to execute
+ - when in posix mode, if trap gets a single argument, display an
+ error message and return EX_USAGE
+ - change the help message and usage string to better explain trap's
+ behavior
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - describe the new default behavior when the first argument is a
+ signal spec
+ - note that signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is
+ optional in arguments to `trap'
+ - note that signal name arguments to `kill' are case-insensitive
+
+lib/readline/display.c
+ - make sure rl_on_new_line_with_prompt sets rl_display_prompt to
+ rl_prompt (just to make sure it's set)
+ - have rl_on_new_line_with_prompt use local_prompt if it's set
+
+ 6/2
+ ---
+subst.c
+ - in string_extract_double_quoted, cope with extract_delimited_string
+ returning NULL, as it can when attempting completion on an unclosed
+ command substitution
+
+ 6/24
+ ----
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - change print_filename to add a `/' to listed directory names if
+ `mark-directories' has been enabled
+
+builtins/umask.def
+ - make sure that the mask passed to parse_symbolic_mode has all but
+ the operative low eight bits masked off, to avoid complementing
+ all 0s to -1, which is the error return code. This makes things
+ like `a=rwx' and `ugo=rwx' work and turn off the umask
+
+ 6/26
+ ----
+builtins/getopts.def
+ - when `getopts' reaches the end of options, unset OPTARG before
+ returning EOF. In response to a bug report from Apple
+
+configure.in
+ - when cross-compiling, don't set CPPFLAGS_FOR_BUILD and
+ LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD from CPPFLAGS and LDFLAGS, respectively, since
+ those are for the target instead of the build platform (report
+ from robert@schwebel.de)
+
+shell.c
+ - a shell whose standard error (but not standard output) is directed
+ to a terminal should be interactive, according to POSIX/SUS. This
+ means that sh > sh.out will start an interactive shell. Bug report
+ from llattanzi@apple.com
+
+doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
+ - change mention of standard output to standard error in definition
+ of interactive shell
+
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - new convenience function, rl_vi_start_inserting, calls
+ _rl_vi_set_last to save the last textmod command state and then calls
+ rl_vi_insertion_mode to enter insert mode
+ - change functions to use rl_vi_start_inserting
+
+lib/readline/readline.h
+ - extern declaration for rl_vi_start_inserting
+
+bashline.c
+ - new function for vi-mode completion, bash_vi_complete. Does
+ filename expansion as POSIX specifies, unlike the default readline
+ bindings (which don't know about globbing). Bound to `\', `*',
+ and `=' in vi command keymap. Internals very similar to
+ rl_vi_complete; just calls bash glob expansion functions
+
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - change rl_vi_change_char so that an entire change is a single
+ undoable event, rather than each individual change in a [count]r
+ command
+ - fix rl_vi_change_char so that replacing characters up to EOL works
+ rather than generating rl_ding
+ - fix rl_vi_change_case so that replacing characters up to EOL works
+ rather than generating rl_ding
+
+ 6/28
+ ----
+builtins/echo.def
+ - call clearerr(stdout) before writing anything and testing its
+ failure or success
+
+ 6/29
+ ----
+bashline.c
+ - only set rl_explicit_arg in bash_glob_complete_word if readline is
+ in emacs mode; let bash_vi_complete take care of setting it in vi
+ mode
+ - fix bash_vi_complete to only set rl_explicit_arg unless the posix
+ conditions are met: no globbing characters in the vi `bigword'
+ being completed
+
+ 6/30
+ ----
+[bash-3.0-rc1 released]
+
+ 7/1
+ ---
+lib/readline/complete.c
+ - make sure `extension_char' is initialized before deciding whether
+ or not the append a `/' to a possible completion when visible-stats
+ is not enabled
+
+ 7/2
+ ---
+subst.c
+ - fix a boundary overrun in string_extract_double_quoted that could
+ occur when the word completion code attempts to expand an incomplete
+ construct (like a quoted unclosed command substitution)
+
+ 7/4
+ ---
+subst.c
+ - set tempenv_assign_error to non-zero if an assignment to the
+ temporary environment fails for some reason (e.g., attempted
+ assignment to a readonly variable)
+
+execute_cmd.c
+ - fix execute_simple_command to force a non-interactive shell in
+ POSIX mode to exit if an assignment to the temporary environment
+ preceding a special builtin fails (bug report from
+ llattanzi@apple.com)
+
+ 7/5
+ ---
+bashline.c
+ - in bash_directory_completion_hook, don't perform word expansions
+ if the filename appears to have been completed from the file
+ system rather than typed in by the user. Bug reported by Tim
+ Waugh <twaugh@redhat.com>
+
+ 7/7
+ ---
+lib/readline/misc.c
+ - if _rl_maybe_save_line is being asked to save a line other than
+ what's already saved, free up the current saved line and save the
+ current contents of rl_line_buffer. Bug reported by
+ llattanzi@apple.com
+
+ 7/12
+ ----
+lib/readline/input.c
+ - do better EOF detection in rl_gather_tyi -- if a read returns 0 when
+ the fd is in non-blocking mode, stuff an EOF into the input stream
+ (reported by mattias@virtutech.se)
+
+ 7/13
+ ----
+lib/readline/vi_mode.c
+ - make sure rl_vi_put honors `count' arguments and yanks things
+ multiple times if requested
+
+ 7/16
+ ----
+builtins/umask.def
+ - make sure that the `who' part of the umask symbolic mode argument
+ defaults to `a' if it's missing
+
+flags.c
+ - make sure that maybe_make_restricted only gets called after the
+ shell is initialized, so `bash -r' doesn't result in inappropriate
+ error messages
+
+[bash-3.0 frozen]
#undef HAVE_DCGETTEXT
/* Define if your system has a working `malloc' function. */
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+/* #undef HAVE_MALLOC */
/* Define if you have the `mempcpy' function. */
#undef HAVE_MEMPCPY
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-echo "$as_me:$LINENO: checking for GNU libc compatible malloc" >&5
-echo $ECHO_N "checking for GNU libc compatible malloc... $ECHO_C" >&6
-if test "${ac_cv_func_malloc_0_nonnull+set}" = set; then
- echo $ECHO_N "(cached) $ECHO_C" >&6
-else
- if test "$cross_compiling" = yes; then
- ac_cv_func_malloc_0_nonnull=no
-else
- cat >conftest.$ac_ext <<_ACEOF
-#line $LINENO "configure"
-/* confdefs.h. */
-_ACEOF
-cat confdefs.h >>conftest.$ac_ext
-cat >>conftest.$ac_ext <<_ACEOF
-/* end confdefs.h. */
-#if STDC_HEADERS || HAVE_STDLIB_H
-# include <stdlib.h>
-#else
-char *malloc ();
-#endif
-
-int
-main ()
-{
-exit (malloc (0) ? 0 : 1);
- ;
- return 0;
-}
-_ACEOF
-rm -f conftest$ac_exeext
-if { (eval echo "$as_me:$LINENO: \"$ac_link\"") >&5
- (eval $ac_link) 2>&5
- ac_status=$?
- echo "$as_me:$LINENO: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
- (exit $ac_status); } && { ac_try='./conftest$ac_exeext'
- { (eval echo "$as_me:$LINENO: \"$ac_try\"") >&5
- (eval $ac_try) 2>&5
- ac_status=$?
- echo "$as_me:$LINENO: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
- (exit $ac_status); }; }; then
- ac_cv_func_malloc_0_nonnull=yes
-else
- echo "$as_me: program exited with status $ac_status" >&5
-echo "$as_me: failed program was:" >&5
-sed 's/^/| /' conftest.$ac_ext >&5
-
-( exit $ac_status )
-ac_cv_func_malloc_0_nonnull=no
-fi
-rm -f core core.* *.core gmon.out bb.out conftest$ac_exeext conftest.$ac_objext conftest.$ac_ext
-fi
-fi
-echo "$as_me:$LINENO: result: $ac_cv_func_malloc_0_nonnull" >&5
-echo "${ECHO_T}$ac_cv_func_malloc_0_nonnull" >&6
-if test $ac_cv_func_malloc_0_nonnull = yes; then
-
-cat >>confdefs.h <<\_ACEOF
-#define HAVE_MALLOC 1
-_ACEOF
-
-else
- cat >>confdefs.h <<\_ACEOF
-#define HAVE_MALLOC 0
-_ACEOF
-
- LIBOBJS="$LIBOBJS malloc.$ac_objext"
-
-cat >>confdefs.h <<\_ACEOF
-#define malloc rpl_malloc
-_ACEOF
-
-fi
-
-
-
-
for ac_header in stdlib.h unistd.h
do
# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
# 02111-1307, USA.
-AC_REVISION([for Bash 3.0, version 3.165, from autoconf version] AC_ACVERSION)dnl
+AC_REVISION([for Bash 3.0, version 3.166, from autoconf version] AC_ACVERSION)dnl
define(bashvers, 3.0)
define(relstatus, release)
AC_CHECK_HEADERS([argz.h errno.h fcntl.h malloc.h stdio_ext.h])
-AC_FUNC_MALLOC
+dnl AC_FUNC_MALLOC
AC_FUNC_MMAP
AC_CHECK_FUNCS([__argz_count __argz_next __argz_stringify dcgettext mempcpy \
munmap stpcpy strcspn strdup])
-This is the Bash FAQ, version 3.26, for Bash version 2.05b.
+This is the Bash FAQ, version 3.27, for Bash version 3.0.
This document contains a set of frequently-asked questions concerning
Bash, the GNU Bourne-Again Shell. Bash is a freely-available command
Section B: The latest version
-B1) What's new in version 2.05b?
-B2) Are there any user-visible incompatibilities between bash-2.05b and
+B1) What's new in version 3.0?
+B2) Are there any user-visible incompatibilities between bash-3.0 and
bash-1.14.7?
Section C: Differences from other Unix shells
A2) What's the latest version?
-The latest version is 2.05b, first made available on Wednesday, 17
-July, 2002.
+The latest version is 3.0, first made available on 27 July, 2004.
A3) Where can I get it?
Bash is the GNU project's shell, and so is available from the
master GNU archive site, ftp.gnu.org, and its mirrors. The
latest version is also available for FTP from ftp.cwru.edu.
-The following URLs tell how to get version 2.05b:
+The following URLs tell how to get version 3.0:
-ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/bash-2.05b.tar.gz
-ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-2.05b.tar.gz
+ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/bash-3.0.tar.gz
+ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-3.0.tar.gz
Formatted versions of the documentation are available with the URLs:
-ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/bash-doc-2.05b.tar.gz
-ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-doc-2.05b.tar.gz
+ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/bash-doc-3.0.tar.gz
+ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-doc-3.0.tar.gz
A4) On what machines will bash run?
-Bash has been ported to nearly every version of UNIX. All you
+Bash has been ported to nearly every version of Unix. All you
should have to do to build it on a machine for which a port
exists is to type `configure' and then `make'. The build process
-will attempt to discover the version of UNIX you have and tailor
+will attempt to discover the version of Unix you have and tailor
itself accordingly, using a script created by GNU autoconf.
More information appears in the file `INSTALL' in the distribution.
port of bash-2.05 to the CYGWIN environment, and it is available as
part of their current release.
-Bash-2.05b should require no local Cygnus changes to build and run under
-CYGWIN.
-
-The Cygnus port works only on Intel machines. There is a port of bash
-(I don't know which version) to the alpha/NT environment available from
-
-ftp://ftp.gnustep.org//pub/win32/bash-alpha-nt-1.01.tar.gz
+Bash-2.05b and later versions should require no local Cygnus changes to
+build and run under CYGWIN.
DJ Delorie has a port of bash-2.x which runs under MS-DOS, as part
of the DJGPP project. For more information on the project, see
ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu/bsh204d.zip documentation
ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu/bsh204s.zip source
-Mark has begun to work with bash-2.05, but I don't know the status.
-
-Ports of bash-1.12 and bash-2.0 are available for OS/2 from
+Mark began to work with bash-2.05, but I don't know the current status.
-ftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/pub/os2/util/shell/bash_112.zip
-ftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/pub/os2/util/shell/bash-2.0(253).zip
-
-I haven't looked at either, but the second appears to be a binary-only
-distribution. Beware.
-
-I have received word that Bash (I'm not sure which version, but I
-believe that it's at least bash-2.02.1) is the standard shell on
-BeOS.
+Bash-3.0 compiles and runs with no modifications under Microsoft's Services
+for Unix (SFU), once known as Interix.
A6) How can I build bash with gcc?
objections.
The latest version of the POSIX Shell and Utilities standard is
-available (now updated to the 2003 Edition incorporating the
-Technical Corrigendum 1), as part of the Single UNIX Specification
-Version 3 at
+available (now updated to the 2004 Edition) as part of the Single
+UNIX Specification Version 3 at
http://www.UNIX-systems.org/version3/
Section B: The latest version
-B1) What's new in version 2.05b?
+B1) What's new in version 3.0?
-The raison d'etre for bash-2.05b is to make a second intermediate
-release containing the first of the new features to be available
-in bash-3.0 and get feedback on those features before proceeding.
-The major new feature is multibyte character support in both Bash
-and Readline.
+Bash-3.0 is the third major release of bash. The features introduced
+in the intermediate releases following bash-2.05 have been completed.
+Support for the bash debugger (a separate project) has been integrated.
-Bash-2.05b contains the following new features (see the manual page for
-complete descriptions and the CHANGES and NEWS files in the bash-2.05b
+Bash-3.0 contains the following new features (see the manual page for
+complete descriptions and the CHANGES and NEWS files in the bash-3.0
distribution):
+o Features to support the bash debugger have been implemented, and there
+ is a new `extdebug' option to turn the non-default options on
+
+o HISTCONTROL is now a colon-separated list of options and has been
+ extended with a new `erasedups' option that will result in only one
+ copy of a command being kept in the history list
+
+o Brace expansion has been extended with a new {x..y} form, producing
+ sequences of digits or characters
+
+o Timestamps are now kept with history entries, with an option to save
+ and restore them from the history file; there is a new HISTTIMEFORMAT
+ variable describing how to display the timestamps when listing history
+ entries
+
+o The `[[' command can now perform extended regular expression (egrep-like)
+ matching, with matched subexpressions placed in the BASH_REMATCH array
+ variable
+
+o A new `pipefail' option causes a pipeline to return a failure status if
+ any command in it fails
+
+o The `jobs', `kill', and `wait' builtins now accept job control notation
+ in their arguments even if job control is not enabled
+
+o The `gettext' package and libintl have been integrated, and the shell
+ messages may be translated into other languages
+
+A short feature history dating from Bash-2.0:
+
+Bash-2.05b introduced the following new features:
+
o support for multibyte characters has been added to both bash and readline
o the DEBUG trap is now run *before* simple commands, ((...)) commands,
script, $LINENO expands to the line number in the script. This is as
POSIX-2001 requires
-
-A short feature history dating from Bash-2.0:
-
Bash-2.05a introduced the following new features:
o The `printf' builtin has undergone major work
lots of code now smaller and faster
test suite greatly expanded
-B2) Are there any user-visible incompatibilities between bash-2.05b and
+B2) Are there any user-visible incompatibilities between bash-3.0 and
bash-1.14.7?
-There are a few incompatibilities between version 1.14.7 and version 2.05b.
+There are a few incompatibilities between version 1.14.7 and version 3.0.
They are detailed in the file COMPAT in the bash distribution. That file
is not meant to be all-encompassing; send mail to bash-maintainers@gnu.org
if if you find something that's not mentioned there.
posix mode
redirection to /dev/fd/N, /dev/stdin, /dev/stdout, /dev/stderr,
/dev/tcp/host/port, /dev/udp/host/port
+ debugger support, including `caller' builtin and new variables
+ RETURN trap
+
Things sh has that bash does not:
uses variable SHACCT to do shell accounting
redirection to /dev/fd/N, /dev/stdin, /dev/stdout, /dev/stderr
arrays of unlimited size
TMOUT is default timeout for `read' and `select'
+ debugger support, including the `caller' builtin
+ RETURN trap
+ Timestamps in history entries
+ {x..y} brace expansion
Things ksh88 has or uses that bash does not:
tracked aliases (alias -t)
weirdly-scoped functions
typeset +f to list all function names without definitions
text of command history kept in a file, not memory
- builtins: alias -x, cd old new, fc -e -, newgrp, print,
+ builtins: alias -x, cd old new, newgrp, print,
read -p/-s/var?prompt, set -A/-o gmacs/
- -o bgnice/-o markdirs/-o nolog/-o trackall/-o viraw/-s,
+ -o bgnice/-o markdirs/-o trackall/-o viraw/-s,
typeset -H/-L/-R/-Z/-A/-ft/-fu/-fx/-l/-u/-t, whence
using environment to pass attributes of exported variables
arithmetic evaluation done on arguments to some builtins
C3) Which new features in ksh-93 are not in bash, and which are?
-New things in ksh-93 not in bash-2.05b:
+New things in ksh-93 not in bash-3.0:
associative arrays
floating point arithmetic and variables
math library functions
`fc' has been renamed to `hist'
`.' can execute shell functions
exit statuses between 0 and 255
- set -o pipefail
`+=' variable assignment operator
FPATH and PATH mixing
getopts -a
-I invocation option
- DEBUG trap now executed before each simple command, instead of after
printf %H, %P, %T, %Z modifiers, output base for %d
lexical scoping for local variables in `ksh' functions
no scoping for local variables in `POSIX' functions
-New things in ksh-93 present in bash-2.05b:
+New things in ksh-93 present in bash-3.0:
[n]<&word- and [n]>&word- redirections (combination dup and close)
for (( expr1; expr2; expr3 )) ; do list; done - arithmetic for command
?:, ++, --, `expr1 , expr2' arithmetic operators
command and arithmetic substitution performed on PS1, PS4, and ENV
command name completion
ENV processed only for interactive shells
+ set -o pipefail
Section D: Why does bash do some things differently than other Unix shells?
( cd $$d && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} clean ) \
done
-The latest drafts of the updated POSIX standard have changed this: the
-word list is no longer required. Bash versions 2.05a and later accept
-the new syntax.
+The latest updated POSIX standard has changed this: the word list
+is no longer required. Bash versions 2.05a and later accept the
+new syntax.
E8) Why does the arithmetic evaluation code complain about `08'?
can be converted to `< file command', shell control structures such as
loops and subshells require `command < file'.
-The file CWRU/sh-redir-hack in the bash-2.05a distribution is an
+The file CWRU/sh-redir-hack in the bash distribution is an
(unofficial) patch to parse.y that will modify the grammar to
support this construct. It will not apply with `patch'; you must
modify parse.y by hand. Note that if you apply this, you must
These are features I hope to include in a future version of bash.
-a better bash debugger (a minimally-tested version is included with bash-2.05b)
+Rocky Bernstein's bash debugger (support is included with bash-3.0)
associative arrays
co-processes, but with a new-style syntax that looks like function declaration
breaking some of the shell functionality into embeddable libraries
a module system like zsh's, using dynamic loading like builtins
-better internationalization using GNU `gettext'
date-stamped command history
a bash programmer's guide with a chapter on creating loadable builtins
a better loadable interface to perl with access to the shell builtins and
H5) When will the next release appear?
-The next version will appear sometime in 2003. Never make predictions.
-
+The next version will appear sometime in 2005. Never make predictions.
-This document is Copyright 1995-2003 by Chester Ramey.
+This document is Copyright 1995-2004 by Chester Ramey.
Permission is hereby granted, without written agreement and
without license or royalty fees, to use, copy, and distribute
INSTALL_DATA = @INSTALL_DATA@
BUILD_DIR = @BUILD_DIR@
+SUPPORT_SRCDIR = $(topdir)/support
+
# bad style
RL_LIBDIR = $(topdir)/lib/readline
TEX = tex
MAKEINFO = makeinfo
-TEXI2DVI = ${topdir}/support/texi2dvi
-TEXI2HTML = ${topdir}/support/texi2html
+TEXI2DVI = ${SUPPORT_SRCDIR}/texi2dvi
+TEXI2HTML = ${SUPPORT_SRCDIR}/texi2html
MAN2HTML = ${BUILD_DIR}/support/man2html
HTMLPOST = ${srcdir}/htmlpost.sh
INFOPOST = ${srcdir}/infopost.sh
DVIPDF = dvipdfm -o $@ -p ${PAPERSIZE}
PSPDF = gs -sPAPERSIZE=${PAPERSIZE} -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -dNOPAUSE -dBATCH -sOutputFile=$@
-MKDIRS = ${topdir}/support/mkdirs
+MKDIRS = ${SUPPORT_SRCDIR}/mkdirs
# This should be a program that converts troff to an ascii-readable format
NROFF = groff -Tascii
$(TEXI2HTML) -menu -monolithic -I $(TEXINPUTDIR) $(srcdir)/bashref.texi
bash.info: bashref.info
- ${SHELL} ${INFOPOST} < bashref.info > $@
+ ${SHELL} ${INFOPOST} < $(srcdir)/bashref.info > $@ ; \
bash.txt: bash.1
bash.ps: bash.1
fi
installdirs:
- -test -d $(man1dir) || $(SHELL) ${MKDIRS} $(DESTDIR)$(man1dir)
- -test -d $(infodir) || $(SHELL) ${MKDIRS} $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)
+ -$(SHELL) $(SUPPORT_SRCDIR)/mkinstalldirs $(DESTDIR)$(man1dir)
+ -$(SHELL) $(SUPPORT_SRCDIR)/mkinstalldirs $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)
-if test -n "$(htmldir)" ; then \
- test -d $(htmldir) || $(SHELL) ${MKDIRS} $(DESTDIR)$(htmldir) ; \
+ $(SHELL) $(SUPPORT_SRCDIR)/mkinstalldirs $(DESTDIR)$(htmldir) ; \
fi
install: info installdirs bash.info
-This is bashref.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.2 from
+This is bashref.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.7 from
/Users/chet/src/bash/src/doc/bashref.texi.
-This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 3.0-rc1, 26 June 2004).
+ This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
+the Bash shell (version 3.0, 27 July 2004).
- This is Edition 3.0, last updated 26 June 2004, of `The GNU Bash
-Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 3.0-rc1.
+ This is Edition 3.0, last updated 27 July 2004, of `The GNU Bash
+Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 3.0.
Copyright (C) 1988-2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
(a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: "You have freedom to copy and
modify this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by
the Free Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development."
-
+
INFO-DIR-SECTION Basics
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* Bash: (bash). The GNU Bourne-Again SHell.
Bash Features
*************
- This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version 3.0-rc1, 26 June 2004)..
+This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
+the Bash shell (version 3.0, 27 July 2004)..
- This is Edition 3.0, last updated 26 June 2004, of `The GNU Bash
-Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 3.0-rc1.
+ This is Edition 3.0, last updated 27 July 2004, of `The GNU Bash
+Reference Manual', for `Bash', Version 3.0.
Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
features that only appear in Bash. Some of the shells that Bash has
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Introduction, Next: Definitions, Prev: Top, Up: Top
-Introduction
-************
+1 Introduction
+**************
* Menu:
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: What is Bash?, Next: What is a shell?, Up: Introduction
-What is Bash?
-=============
+1.1 What is Bash?
+=================
- Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, for the GNU
+Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, for the GNU
operating system. The name is an acronym for the `Bourne-Again SHell',
a pun on Stephen Bourne, the author of the direct ancestor of the
current Unix shell `sh', which appeared in the Seventh Edition Bell
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: What is a shell?, Prev: What is Bash?, Up: Introduction
-What is a shell?
-================
+1.2 What is a shell?
+====================
- At its base, a shell is simply a macro processor that executes
+At its base, a shell is simply a macro processor that executes
commands. The term macro processor means functionality where text and
symbols are expanded to create larger expressions.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Definitions, Next: Basic Shell Features, Prev: Introduction, Up: Top
-Definitions
-***********
+2 Definitions
+*************
- These definitions are used throughout the remainder of this manual.
+These definitions are used throughout the remainder of this manual.
`POSIX'
A family of open system standards based on Unix. Bash is
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Basic Shell Features, Next: Shell Builtin Commands, Prev: Definitions, Up: Top
-Basic Shell Features
-********************
+3 Basic Shell Features
+**********************
- Bash is an acronym for `Bourne-Again SHell'. The Bourne shell is
-the traditional Unix shell originally written by Stephen Bourne. All
-of the Bourne shell builtin commands are available in Bash, The rules
-for evaluation and quoting are taken from the POSIX specification for
-the `standard' Unix shell.
+Bash is an acronym for `Bourne-Again SHell'. The Bourne shell is the
+traditional Unix shell originally written by Stephen Bourne. All of
+the Bourne shell builtin commands are available in Bash, The rules for
+evaluation and quoting are taken from the POSIX specification for the
+`standard' Unix shell.
This chapter briefly summarizes the shell's `building blocks':
commands, control structures, shell functions, shell parameters, shell
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Shell Syntax, Next: Shell Commands, Up: Basic Shell Features
-Shell Syntax
-============
+3.1 Shell Syntax
+================
* Menu:
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Shell Operation, Next: Quoting, Up: Shell Syntax
-Shell Operation
----------------
+3.1.1 Shell Operation
+---------------------
- The following is a brief description of the shell's operation when it
+The following is a brief description of the shell's operation when it
reads and executes a command. Basically, the shell does the following:
1. Reads its input from a file (*note Shell Scripts::), from a string
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Quoting, Next: Comments, Prev: Shell Operation, Up: Shell Syntax
-Quoting
--------
+3.1.2 Quoting
+-------------
* Menu:
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Escape Character, Next: Single Quotes, Up: Quoting
-Escape Character
-................
+3.1.2.1 Escape Character
+........................
- A non-quoted backslash `\' is the Bash escape character. It
-preserves the literal value of the next character that follows, with
-the exception of `newline'. If a `\newline' pair appears, and the
+A non-quoted backslash `\' is the Bash escape character. It preserves
+the literal value of the next character that follows, with the
+exception of `newline'. If a `\newline' pair appears, and the
backslash itself is not quoted, the `\newline' is treated as a line
continuation (that is, it is removed from the input stream and
effectively ignored).
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Single Quotes, Next: Double Quotes, Prev: Escape Character, Up: Quoting
-Single Quotes
-.............
+3.1.2.2 Single Quotes
+.....................
- Enclosing characters in single quotes (`'') preserves the literal
-value of each character within the quotes. A single quote may not occur
+Enclosing characters in single quotes (`'') preserves the literal value
+of each character within the quotes. A single quote may not occur
between single quotes, even when preceded by a backslash.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Double Quotes, Next: ANSI-C Quoting, Prev: Single Quotes, Up: Quoting
-Double Quotes
-.............
+3.1.2.3 Double Quotes
+.....................
- Enclosing characters in double quotes (`"') preserves the literal
-value of all characters within the quotes, with the exception of `$',
-``', and `\'. The characters `$' and ``' retain their special meaning
+Enclosing characters in double quotes (`"') preserves the literal value
+of all characters within the quotes, with the exception of `$', ``',
+and `\'. The characters `$' and ``' retain their special meaning
within double quotes (*note Shell Expansions::). The backslash retains
its special meaning only when followed by one of the following
characters: `$', ``', `"', `\', or `newline'. Within double quotes,
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: ANSI-C Quoting, Next: Locale Translation, Prev: Double Quotes, Up: Quoting
-ANSI-C Quoting
-..............
+3.1.2.4 ANSI-C Quoting
+......................
- Words of the form `$'STRING'' are treated specially. The word
-expands to STRING, with backslash-escaped characters replaced as
-specified by the ANSI C standard. Backslash escape sequences, if
-present, are decoded as follows:
+Words of the form `$'STRING'' are treated specially. The word expands
+to STRING, with backslash-escaped characters replaced as specified by
+the ANSI C standard. Backslash escape sequences, if present, are
+decoded as follows:
`\a'
alert (bell)
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Locale Translation, Prev: ANSI-C Quoting, Up: Quoting
-Locale-Specific Translation
-...........................
+3.1.2.5 Locale-Specific Translation
+...................................
- A double-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign (`$') will cause
-the string to be translated according to the current locale. If the
+A double-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign (`$') will cause the
+string to be translated according to the current locale. If the
current locale is `C' or `POSIX', the dollar sign is ignored. If the
string is translated and replaced, the replacement is double-quoted.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Comments, Prev: Quoting, Up: Shell Syntax
-Comments
---------
+3.1.3 Comments
+--------------
- In a non-interactive shell, or an interactive shell in which the
+In a non-interactive shell, or an interactive shell in which the
`interactive_comments' option to the `shopt' builtin is enabled (*note
Bash Builtins::), a word beginning with `#' causes that word and all
remaining characters on that line to be ignored. An interactive shell
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Shell Commands, Next: Shell Functions, Prev: Shell Syntax, Up: Basic Shell Features
-Shell Commands
-==============
+3.2 Shell Commands
+==================
- A simple shell command such as `echo a b c' consists of the command
+A simple shell command such as `echo a b c' consists of the command
itself followed by arguments, separated by spaces.
More complex shell commands are composed of simple commands arranged
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Simple Commands, Next: Pipelines, Up: Shell Commands
-Simple Commands
----------------
+3.2.1 Simple Commands
+---------------------
- A simple command is the kind of command encountered most often.
-It's just a sequence of words separated by `blank's, terminated by one
-of the shell's control operators (*note Definitions::). The first word
+A simple command is the kind of command encountered most often. It's
+just a sequence of words separated by `blank's, terminated by one of
+the shell's control operators (*note Definitions::). The first word
generally specifies a command to be executed, with the rest of the
words being that command's arguments.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Pipelines, Next: Lists, Prev: Simple Commands, Up: Shell Commands
-Pipelines
----------
+3.2.2 Pipelines
+---------------
- A `pipeline' is a sequence of simple commands separated by `|'.
+A `pipeline' is a sequence of simple commands separated by `|'.
The format for a pipeline is
[`time' [`-p']] [`!'] COMMAND1 [`|' COMMAND2 ...]
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Lists, Next: Compound Commands, Prev: Pipelines, Up: Shell Commands
-Lists of Commands
------------------
+3.2.3 Lists of Commands
+-----------------------
- A `list' is a sequence of one or more pipelines separated by one of
-the operators `;', `&', `&&', or `||', and optionally terminated by one
-of `;', `&', or a `newline'.
+A `list' is a sequence of one or more pipelines separated by one of the
+operators `;', `&', `&&', or `||', and optionally terminated by one of
+`;', `&', or a `newline'.
Of these list operators, `&&' and `||' have equal precedence,
followed by `;' and `&', which have equal precedence.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Compound Commands, Prev: Lists, Up: Shell Commands
-Compound Commands
------------------
+3.2.4 Compound Commands
+-----------------------
* Menu:
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Looping Constructs, Next: Conditional Constructs, Up: Compound Commands
-Looping Constructs
-..................
+3.2.4.1 Looping Constructs
+..........................
- Bash supports the following looping constructs.
+Bash supports the following looping constructs.
Note that wherever a `;' appears in the description of a command's
syntax, it may be replaced with one or more newlines.
command in LIST that is executed, or false if any of the
expressions is invalid.
+
The `break' and `continue' builtins (*note Bourne Shell Builtins::)
may be used to control loop execution.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Conditional Constructs, Next: Command Grouping, Prev: Looping Constructs, Up: Compound Commands
-Conditional Constructs
-......................
+3.2.4.2 Conditional Constructs
+..............................
`if'
The syntax of the `if' command is:
expression is non-zero, the return status is 0; otherwise the
return status is 1. This is exactly equivalent to
let "EXPRESSION"
-
*Note Bash Builtins::, for a full description of the `let' builtin.
`[[...]]'
`EXPRESSION1 || EXPRESSION2'
True if either EXPRESSION1 or EXPRESSION2 is true.
-
The `&&' and `||' operators do not evaluate EXPRESSION2 if the
value of EXPRESSION1 is sufficient to determine the return value
of the entire conditional expression.
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Command Grouping, Prev: Conditional Constructs, Up: Compound Commands
-Grouping Commands
-.................
+3.2.4.3 Grouping Commands
+.........................
- Bash provides two ways to group a list of commands to be executed as
-a unit. When commands are grouped, redirections may be applied to the
+Bash provides two ways to group a list of commands to be executed as a
+unit. When commands are grouped, redirections may be applied to the
entire command list. For example, the output of all the commands in
the list may be redirected to a single stream.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Shell Functions, Next: Shell Parameters, Prev: Shell Commands, Up: Basic Shell Features
-Shell Functions
-===============
+3.3 Shell Functions
+===================
- Shell functions are a way to group commands for later execution
-using a single name for the group. They are executed just like a
-"regular" command. When the name of a shell function is used as a
-simple command name, the list of commands associated with that function
-name is executed. Shell functions are executed in the current shell
-context; no new process is created to interpret them.
+Shell functions are a way to group commands for later execution using a
+single name for the group. They are executed just like a "regular"
+command. When the name of a shell function is used as a simple command
+name, the list of commands associated with that function name is
+executed. Shell functions are executed in the current shell context;
+no new process is created to interpret them.
- Functions are declared using this syntax:
+ Functions are declared using this syntax:
[ `function' ] NAME () COMPOUND-COMMAND [ REDIRECTIONS ]
This defines a shell function named NAME. The reserved word
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Shell Parameters, Next: Shell Expansions, Prev: Shell Functions, Up: Basic Shell Features
-Shell Parameters
-================
+3.4 Shell Parameters
+====================
* Menu:
A variable may be assigned to by a statement of the form
NAME=[VALUE]
-
-If VALUE is not given, the variable is assigned the null string. All
+ If VALUE is not given, the variable is assigned the null string. All
VALUEs undergo tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion,
command substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal (detailed
below). If the variable has its `integer' attribute set, then VALUE is
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Positional Parameters, Next: Special Parameters, Up: Shell Parameters
-Positional Parameters
----------------------
+3.4.1 Positional Parameters
+---------------------------
- A POSITIONAL PARAMETER is a parameter denoted by one or more digits,
+A POSITIONAL PARAMETER is a parameter denoted by one or more digits,
other than the single digit `0'. Positional parameters are assigned
from the shell's arguments when it is invoked, and may be reassigned
using the `set' builtin command. Positional parameter `N' may be
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Special Parameters, Prev: Positional Parameters, Up: Shell Parameters
-Special Parameters
-------------------
+3.4.2 Special Parameters
+------------------------
- The shell treats several parameters specially. These parameters may
+The shell treats several parameters specially. These parameters may
only be referenced; assignment to them is not allowed.
`*'
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Shell Expansions, Next: Redirections, Prev: Shell Parameters, Up: Basic Shell Features
-Shell Expansions
-================
+3.5 Shell Expansions
+====================
- Expansion is performed on the command line after it has been split
-into `token's. There are seven kinds of expansion performed:
+Expansion is performed on the command line after it has been split into
+`token's. There are seven kinds of expansion performed:
* brace expansion
* tilde expansion
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Brace Expansion, Next: Tilde Expansion, Up: Shell Expansions
-Brace Expansion
----------------
+3.5.1 Brace Expansion
+---------------------
- Brace expansion is a mechanism by which arbitrary strings may be
+Brace expansion is a mechanism by which arbitrary strings may be
generated. This mechanism is similar to FILENAME EXPANSION (*note
Filename Expansion::), but the file names generated need not exist.
Patterns to be brace expanded take the form of an optional PREAMBLE,
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Tilde Expansion, Next: Shell Parameter Expansion, Prev: Brace Expansion, Up: Shell Expansions
-Tilde Expansion
----------------
+3.5.2 Tilde Expansion
+---------------------
- If a word begins with an unquoted tilde character (`~'), all of the
+If a word begins with an unquoted tilde character (`~'), all of the
characters up to the first unquoted slash (or all characters, if there
is no unquoted slash) are considered a TILDE-PREFIX. If none of the
characters in the tilde-prefix are quoted, the characters in the
`~-N'
The string that would be displayed by `dirs -N'
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Shell Parameter Expansion, Next: Command Substitution, Prev: Tilde Expansion, Up: Shell Expansions
-Shell Parameter Expansion
--------------------------
+3.5.3 Shell Parameter Expansion
+-------------------------------
- The `$' character introduces parameter expansion, command
-substitution, or arithmetic expansion. The parameter name or symbol to
-be expanded may be enclosed in braces, which are optional but serve to
-protect the variable to be expanded from characters immediately
-following it which could be interpreted as part of the name.
+The `$' character introduces parameter expansion, command substitution,
+or arithmetic expansion. The parameter name or symbol to be expanded
+may be enclosed in braces, which are optional but serve to protect the
+variable to be expanded from characters immediately following it which
+could be interpreted as part of the name.
When braces are used, the matching ending brace is the first `}' not
escaped by a backslash or within a quoted string, and not within an
member of the array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant
list.
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Command Substitution, Next: Arithmetic Expansion, Prev: Shell Parameter Expansion, Up: Shell Expansions
-Command Substitution
---------------------
+3.5.4 Command Substitution
+--------------------------
- Command substitution allows the output of a command to replace the
+Command substitution allows the output of a command to replace the
command itself. Command substitution occurs when a command is enclosed
as follows:
$(COMMAND)
-
-or
+ or
`COMMAND`
Bash performs the expansion by executing COMMAND and replacing the
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Arithmetic Expansion, Next: Process Substitution, Prev: Command Substitution, Up: Shell Expansions
-Arithmetic Expansion
---------------------
+3.5.5 Arithmetic Expansion
+--------------------------
- Arithmetic expansion allows the evaluation of an arithmetic
-expression and the substitution of the result. The format for
-arithmetic expansion is:
+Arithmetic expansion allows the evaluation of an arithmetic expression
+and the substitution of the result. The format for arithmetic
+expansion is:
$(( EXPRESSION ))
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Process Substitution, Next: Word Splitting, Prev: Arithmetic Expansion, Up: Shell Expansions
-Process Substitution
---------------------
+3.5.6 Process Substitution
+--------------------------
- Process substitution is supported on systems that support named
-pipes (FIFOs) or the `/dev/fd' method of naming open files. It takes
-the form of
+Process substitution is supported on systems that support named pipes
+(FIFOs) or the `/dev/fd' method of naming open files. It takes the
+form of
<(LIST)
-
-or
+ or
>(LIST)
-
-The process LIST is run with its input or output connected to a FIFO or
-some file in `/dev/fd'. The name of this file is passed as an argument
-to the current command as the result of the expansion. If the
+ The process LIST is run with its input or output connected to a FIFO
+or some file in `/dev/fd'. The name of this file is passed as an
+argument to the current command as the result of the expansion. If the
`>(LIST)' form is used, writing to the file will provide input for
LIST. If the `<(LIST)' form is used, the file passed as an argument
should be read to obtain the output of LIST. Note that no space may
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Word Splitting, Next: Filename Expansion, Prev: Process Substitution, Up: Shell Expansions
-Word Splitting
---------------
+3.5.7 Word Splitting
+--------------------
- The shell scans the results of parameter expansion, command
+The shell scans the results of parameter expansion, command
substitution, and arithmetic expansion that did not occur within double
quotes for word splitting.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Filename Expansion, Next: Quote Removal, Prev: Word Splitting, Up: Shell Expansions
-Filename Expansion
-------------------
+3.5.8 Filename Expansion
+------------------------
* Menu:
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Pattern Matching, Up: Filename Expansion
-Pattern Matching
-................
+3.5.8.1 Pattern Matching
+........................
- Any character that appears in a pattern, other than the special
-pattern characters described below, matches itself. The NUL character
-may not occur in a pattern. A backslash escapes the following
-character; the escaping backslash is discarded when matching. The
-special pattern characters must be quoted if they are to be matched
-literally.
+Any character that appears in a pattern, other than the special pattern
+characters described below, matches itself. The NUL character may not
+occur in a pattern. A backslash escapes the following character; the
+escaping backslash is discarded when matching. The special pattern
+characters must be quoted if they are to be matched literally.
The special pattern characters have the following meanings:
`*'
defined in the POSIX 1003.2 standard:
alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lower
print punct space upper word xdigit
-
A character class matches any character belonging to that class.
The `word' character class matches letters, digits, and the
character `_'.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Quote Removal, Prev: Filename Expansion, Up: Shell Expansions
-Quote Removal
--------------
+3.5.9 Quote Removal
+-------------------
- After the preceding expansions, all unquoted occurrences of the
+After the preceding expansions, all unquoted occurrences of the
characters `\', `'', and `"' that did not result from one of the above
expansions are removed.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Redirections, Next: Executing Commands, Prev: Shell Expansions, Up: Basic Shell Features
-Redirections
-============
+3.6 Redirections
+================
- Before a command is executed, its input and output may be REDIRECTED
+Before a command is executed, its input and output may be REDIRECTED
using a special notation interpreted by the shell. Redirection may
also be used to open and close files for the current shell execution
environment. The following redirection operators may precede or appear
Note that the order of redirections is significant. For example,
the command
ls > DIRLIST 2>&1
-
-directs both standard output (file descriptor 1) and standard error
+ directs both standard output (file descriptor 1) and standard error
(file descriptor 2) to the file DIRLIST, while the command
ls 2>&1 > DIRLIST
-
-directs only the standard output to file DIRLIST, because the standard
-error was duplicated as standard output before the standard output was
-redirected to DIRLIST.
+ directs only the standard output to file DIRLIST, because the
+standard error was duplicated as standard output before the standard
+output was redirected to DIRLIST.
Bash handles several filenames specially when they are used in
redirections, as described in the following table:
integer port number or service name, Bash attempts to open a UDP
connection to the corresponding socket.
+
A failure to open or create a file causes the redirection to fail.
-Redirecting Input
------------------
+3.6.1 Redirecting Input
+-----------------------
- Redirection of input causes the file whose name results from the
+Redirection of input causes the file whose name results from the
expansion of WORD to be opened for reading on file descriptor `n', or
the standard input (file descriptor 0) if `n' is not specified.
The general format for redirecting input is:
[N]<WORD
-Redirecting Output
-------------------
+3.6.2 Redirecting Output
+------------------------
- Redirection of output causes the file whose name results from the
+Redirection of output causes the file whose name results from the
expansion of WORD to be opened for writing on file descriptor N, or the
standard output (file descriptor 1) if N is not specified. If the file
does not exist it is created; if it does exist it is truncated to zero
operator is `>' and the `noclobber' option is not enabled, the
redirection is attempted even if the file named by WORD exists.
-Appending Redirected Output
----------------------------
+3.6.3 Appending Redirected Output
+---------------------------------
- Redirection of output in this fashion causes the file whose name
+Redirection of output in this fashion causes the file whose name
results from the expansion of WORD to be opened for appending on file
descriptor N, or the standard output (file descriptor 1) if N is not
specified. If the file does not exist it is created.
The general format for appending output is:
[N]>>WORD
-Redirecting Standard Output and Standard Error
-----------------------------------------------
+3.6.4 Redirecting Standard Output and Standard Error
+----------------------------------------------------
- Bash allows both the standard output (file descriptor 1) and the
+Bash allows both the standard output (file descriptor 1) and the
standard error output (file descriptor 2) to be redirected to the file
whose name is the expansion of WORD with this construct.
There are two formats for redirecting standard output and standard
error:
&>WORD
-
-and
+ and
>&WORD
-
-Of the two forms, the first is preferred. This is semantically
+ Of the two forms, the first is preferred. This is semantically
equivalent to
>WORD 2>&1
-Here Documents
---------------
+3.6.5 Here Documents
+--------------------
- This type of redirection instructs the shell to read input from the
+This type of redirection instructs the shell to read input from the
current source until a line containing only WORD (with no trailing
blanks) is seen. All of the lines read up to that point are then used
as the standard input for a command.
DELIMITER. This allows here-documents within shell scripts to be
indented in a natural fashion.
-Here Strings
-------------
+3.6.6 Here Strings
+------------------
- A variant of here documents, the format is:
+A variant of here documents, the format is:
<<< WORD
The WORD is expanded and supplied to the command on its standard
input.
-Duplicating File Descriptors
-----------------------------
+3.6.7 Duplicating File Descriptors
+----------------------------------
- The redirection operator
+The redirection operator
[N]<&WORD
-
-is used to duplicate input file descriptors. If WORD expands to one or
-more digits, the file descriptor denoted by N is made to be a copy of
-that file descriptor. If the digits in WORD do not specify a file
+ is used to duplicate input file descriptors. If WORD expands to one
+or more digits, the file descriptor denoted by N is made to be a copy
+of that file descriptor. If the digits in WORD do not specify a file
descriptor open for input, a redirection error occurs. If WORD
evaluates to `-', file descriptor N is closed. If N is not specified,
the standard input (file descriptor 0) is used.
The operator
[N]>&WORD
-
-is used similarly to duplicate output file descriptors. If N is not
+ is used similarly to duplicate output file descriptors. If N is not
specified, the standard output (file descriptor 1) is used. If the
digits in WORD do not specify a file descriptor open for output, a
redirection error occurs. As a special case, if N is omitted, and WORD
does not expand to one or more digits, the standard output and standard
error are redirected as described previously.
-Moving File Descriptors
------------------------
+3.6.8 Moving File Descriptors
+-----------------------------
- The redirection operator
+The redirection operator
[N]<&DIGIT-
-
-moves the file descriptor DIGIT to file descriptor N, or the standard
-input (file descriptor 0) if N is not specified. DIGIT is closed after
-being duplicated to N.
+ moves the file descriptor DIGIT to file descriptor N, or the
+standard input (file descriptor 0) if N is not specified. DIGIT is
+closed after being duplicated to N.
Similarly, the redirection operator
[N]>&DIGIT-
+ moves the file descriptor DIGIT to file descriptor N, or the
+standard output (file descriptor 1) if N is not specified.
-moves the file descriptor DIGIT to file descriptor N, or the standard
-output (file descriptor 1) if N is not specified.
+3.6.9 Opening File Descriptors for Reading and Writing
+------------------------------------------------------
-Opening File Descriptors for Reading and Writing
-------------------------------------------------
-
- The redirection operator
+The redirection operator
[N]<>WORD
-
-causes the file whose name is the expansion of WORD to be opened for
+ causes the file whose name is the expansion of WORD to be opened for
both reading and writing on file descriptor N, or on file descriptor 0
if N is not specified. If the file does not exist, it is created.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Executing Commands, Next: Shell Scripts, Prev: Redirections, Up: Basic Shell Features
-Executing Commands
-==================
+3.7 Executing Commands
+======================
* Menu:
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Simple Command Expansion, Next: Command Search and Execution, Up: Executing Commands
-Simple Command Expansion
-------------------------
+3.7.1 Simple Command Expansion
+------------------------------
- When a simple command is executed, the shell performs the following
+When a simple command is executed, the shell performs the following
expansions, assignments, and redirections, from left to right.
1. The words that the parser has marked as variable assignments (those
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Command Search and Execution, Next: Command Execution Environment, Prev: Simple Command Expansion, Up: Executing Commands
-Command Search and Execution
-----------------------------
+3.7.2 Command Search and Execution
+----------------------------------
- After a command has been split into words, if it results in a simple
+After a command has been split into words, if it results in a simple
command and an optional list of arguments, the following actions are
taken.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Command Execution Environment, Next: Environment, Prev: Command Search and Execution, Up: Executing Commands
-Command Execution Environment
------------------------------
+3.7.3 Command Execution Environment
+-----------------------------------
- The shell has an EXECUTION ENVIRONMENT, which consists of the
-following:
+The shell has an EXECUTION ENVIRONMENT, which consists of the following:
* open files inherited by the shell at invocation, as modified by
redirections supplied to the `exec' builtin
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Environment, Next: Exit Status, Prev: Command Execution Environment, Up: Executing Commands
-Environment
------------
+3.7.4 Environment
+-----------------
- When a program is invoked it is given an array of strings called the
+When a program is invoked it is given an array of strings called the
ENVIRONMENT. This is a list of name-value pairs, of the form
`name=value'.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Exit Status, Next: Signals, Prev: Environment, Up: Executing Commands
-Exit Status
------------
+3.7.5 Exit Status
+-----------------
- For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a zero exit
-status has succeeded. A non-zero exit status indicates failure. This
+For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a zero exit status
+has succeeded. A non-zero exit status indicates failure. This
seemingly counter-intuitive scheme is used so there is one well-defined
way to indicate success and a variety of ways to indicate various
failure modes. When a command terminates on a fatal signal whose
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Signals, Prev: Exit Status, Up: Executing Commands
-Signals
--------
+3.7.6 Signals
+-------------
- When Bash is interactive, in the absence of any traps, it ignores
+When Bash is interactive, in the absence of any traps, it ignores
`SIGTERM' (so that `kill 0' does not kill an interactive shell), and
`SIGINT' is caught and handled (so that the `wait' builtin is
interruptible). When Bash receives a `SIGINT', it breaks out of any
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Shell Scripts, Prev: Executing Commands, Up: Basic Shell Features
-Shell Scripts
-=============
+3.8 Shell Scripts
+=================
- A shell script is a text file containing shell commands. When such
-a file is used as the first non-option argument when invoking Bash, and
+A shell script is a text file containing shell commands. When such a
+file is used as the first non-option argument when invoking Bash, and
neither the `-c' nor `-s' option is supplied (*note Invoking Bash::),
Bash reads and executes commands from the file, then exits. This mode
of operation creates a non-interactive shell. The shell first searches
searching the `$PATH' for a command, it spawns a subshell to execute
it. In other words, executing
filename ARGUMENTS
-
-is equivalent to executing
+ is equivalent to executing
bash filename ARGUMENTS
if `filename' is an executable shell script. This subshell
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Shell Builtin Commands, Next: Shell Variables, Prev: Basic Shell Features, Up: Top
-Shell Builtin Commands
-**********************
+4 Shell Builtin Commands
+************************
* Menu:
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Bourne Shell Builtins, Next: Bash Builtins, Up: Shell Builtin Commands
-Bourne Shell Builtins
-=====================
+4.1 Bourne Shell Builtins
+=========================
- The following shell builtin commands are inherited from the Bourne
+The following shell builtin commands are inherited from the Bourne
Shell. These commands are implemented as specified by the POSIX 1003.2
standard.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Bash Builtins, Next: The Set Builtin, Prev: Bourne Shell Builtins, Up: Shell Builtin Commands
-Bash Builtin Commands
-=====================
+4.2 Bash Builtin Commands
+=========================
- This section describes builtin commands which are unique to or have
+This section describes builtin commands which are unique to or have
been extended in Bash. Some of these commands are specified in the
POSIX 1003.2 standard.
`-x KEYSEQ:SHELL-COMMAND'
Cause SHELL-COMMAND to be executed whenever KEYSEQ is entered.
+
The return status is zero unless an invalid option is supplied or
an error occurs.
`-u FD'
Read input from file descriptor FD.
+
`shopt'
shopt [-pqsu] [-o] [OPTNAME ...]
Toggle the values of variables controlling optional shell behavior.
If set, the `echo' builtin expands backslash-escape sequences
by default.
+
The return status when listing options is zero if all OPTNAMES are
enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting options,
the return status is zero unless an OPTNAME is not a valid shell
`-v'
The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the process.
+
If LIMIT is given, it is the new value of the specified resource;
the special LIMIT values `hard', `soft', and `unlimited' stand for
the current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit,
Remove each NAME from the list of aliases. If `-a' is supplied,
all aliases are removed. Aliases are described in *Note Aliases::.
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: The Set Builtin, Next: Special Builtins, Prev: Bash Builtins, Up: Shell Builtin Commands
-The Set Builtin
-===============
+4.3 The Set Builtin
+===================
- This builtin is so complicated that it deserves its own section.
+This builtin is so complicated that it deserves its own section.
`set'
set [--abefhkmnptuvxBCHP] [-o OPTION] [ARGUMENT ...]
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Special Builtins, Prev: The Set Builtin, Up: Shell Builtin Commands
-Special Builtins
-================
+4.4 Special Builtins
+====================
- For historical reasons, the POSIX 1003.2 standard has classified
+For historical reasons, the POSIX 1003.2 standard has classified
several builtin commands as _special_. When Bash is executing in POSIX
mode, the special builtins differ from other builtin commands in three
respects:
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Shell Variables, Next: Bash Features, Prev: Shell Builtin Commands, Up: Top
-Shell Variables
-***************
+5 Shell Variables
+*****************
* Menu:
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Bourne Shell Variables, Next: Bash Variables, Up: Shell Variables
-Bourne Shell Variables
-======================
+5.1 Bourne Shell Variables
+==========================
- Bash uses certain shell variables in the same way as the Bourne
-shell. In some cases, Bash assigns a default value to the variable.
+Bash uses certain shell variables in the same way as the Bourne shell.
+In some cases, Bash assigns a default value to the variable.
`CDPATH'
A colon-separated list of directories used as a search path for
`PS2'
The secondary prompt string. The default value is `> '.
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Bash Variables, Prev: Bourne Shell Variables, Up: Shell Variables
-Bash Variables
-==============
+5.2 Bash Variables
+==================
- These variables are set or used by Bash, but other shells do not
+These variables are set or used by Bash, but other shells do not
normally treat them specially.
A few variables used by Bash are described in different chapters:
`BASH_VERSINFO[5]'
The value of `MACHTYPE'.
+
`BASH_VERSION'
The version number of the current instance of Bash.
supplied. If it is set while the shell is running, `bash' enables
POSIX mode, as if the command
`set -o posix'
-
had been executed.
`PPID'
The numeric real user id of the current user. This variable is
readonly.
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Bash Features, Next: Job Control, Prev: Shell Variables, Up: Top
-Bash Features
-*************
+6 Bash Features
+***************
- This section describes features unique to Bash.
+This section describes features unique to Bash.
* Menu:
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Invoking Bash, Next: Bash Startup Files, Up: Bash Features
-Invoking Bash
-=============
+6.1 Invoking Bash
+=================
bash [long-opt] [-ir] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o OPTION] [-O SHOPT_OPTION] [ARGUMENT ...]
bash [long-opt] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o OPTION] [-O SHOPT_OPTION] -c STRING [ARGUMENT ...]
Show version information for this instance of Bash on the standard
output and exit successfully.
+
There are several single-character options that may be supplied at
invocation which are not available with the `set' builtin.
processing. Any arguments after the `--' are treated as filenames
and arguments.
+
A _login_ shell is one whose first character of argument zero is
`-', or one invoked with the `--login' option.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Bash Startup Files, Next: Interactive Shells, Prev: Invoking Bash, Up: Bash Features
-Bash Startup Files
-==================
+6.2 Bash Startup Files
+======================
- This section describs how Bash executes its startup files. If any
-of the files exist but cannot be read, Bash reports an error. Tildes
-are expanded in file names as described above under Tilde Expansion
-(*note Tilde Expansion::).
+This section describs how Bash executes its startup files. If any of
+the files exist but cannot be read, Bash reports an error. Tildes are
+expanded in file names as described above under Tilde Expansion (*note
+Tilde Expansion::).
Interactive shells are described in *Note Interactive Shells::.
Invoked as an interactive login shell, or with `--login'
........................................................
- When Bash is invoked as an interactive login shell, or as a
+When Bash is invoked as an interactive login shell, or as a
non-interactive shell with the `--login' option, it first reads and
executes commands from the file `/etc/profile', if that file exists.
After reading that file, it looks for `~/.bash_profile',
Invoked as an interactive non-login shell
.........................................
- When an interactive shell that is not a login shell is started, Bash
+When an interactive shell that is not a login shell is started, Bash
reads and executes commands from `~/.bashrc', if that file exists.
This may be inhibited by using the `--norc' option. The `--rcfile
FILE' option will force Bash to read and execute commands from FILE
So, typically, your `~/.bash_profile' contains the line
`if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then . ~/.bashrc; fi'
-
-after (or before) any login-specific initializations.
+ after (or before) any login-specific initializations.
Invoked non-interactively
.........................
- When Bash is started non-interactively, to run a shell script, for
+When Bash is started non-interactively, to run a shell script, for
example, it looks for the variable `BASH_ENV' in the environment,
expands its value if it appears there, and uses the expanded value as
the name of a file to read and execute. Bash behaves as if the
following command were executed:
`if [ -n "$BASH_ENV" ]; then . "$BASH_ENV"; fi'
-
-but the value of the `PATH' variable is not used to search for the file
-name.
+ but the value of the `PATH' variable is not used to search for the
+file name.
As noted above, if a non-interactive shell is invoked with the
`--login' option, Bash attempts to read and execute commands from the
Invoked with name `sh'
......................
- If Bash is invoked with the name `sh', it tries to mimic the startup
+If Bash is invoked with the name `sh', it tries to mimic the startup
behavior of historical versions of `sh' as closely as possible, while
conforming to the POSIX standard as well.
Invoked in POSIX mode
.....................
- When Bash is started in POSIX mode, as with the `--posix' command
-line option, it follows the POSIX standard for startup files. In this
-mode, interactive shells expand the `ENV' variable and commands are
-read and executed from the file whose name is the expanded value. No
-other startup files are read.
+When Bash is started in POSIX mode, as with the `--posix' command line
+option, it follows the POSIX standard for startup files. In this mode,
+interactive shells expand the `ENV' variable and commands are read and
+executed from the file whose name is the expanded value. No other
+startup files are read.
Invoked by remote shell daemon
..............................
- Bash attempts to determine when it is being run by the remote shell
+Bash attempts to determine when it is being run by the remote shell
daemon, usually `rshd'. If Bash determines it is being run by rshd, it
reads and executes commands from `~/.bashrc', if that file exists and
is readable. It will not do this if invoked as `sh'. The `--norc'
Invoked with unequal effective and real UID/GIDs
................................................
- If Bash is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to
-the real user (group) id, and the `-p' option is not supplied, no
-startup files are read, shell functions are not inherited from the
-environment, the `SHELLOPTS' variable, if it appears in the
-environment, is ignored, and the effective user id is set to the real
-user id. If the `-p' option is supplied at invocation, the startup
-behavior is the same, but the effective user id is not reset.
+If Bash is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the
+real user (group) id, and the `-p' option is not supplied, no startup
+files are read, shell functions are not inherited from the environment,
+the `SHELLOPTS' variable, if it appears in the environment, is ignored,
+and the effective user id is set to the real user id. If the `-p'
+option is supplied at invocation, the startup behavior is the same, but
+the effective user id is not reset.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Interactive Shells, Next: Bash Conditional Expressions, Prev: Bash Startup Files, Up: Bash Features
-Interactive Shells
-==================
+6.3 Interactive Shells
+======================
* Menu:
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: What is an Interactive Shell?, Next: Is this Shell Interactive?, Up: Interactive Shells
-What is an Interactive Shell?
------------------------------
+6.3.1 What is an Interactive Shell?
+-----------------------------------
- An interactive shell is one started without non-option arguments,
+An interactive shell is one started without non-option arguments,
unless `-s' is specified, without specifiying the `-c' option, and
whose input and error output are both connected to terminals (as
determined by `isatty(3)'), or one started with the `-i' option.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Is this Shell Interactive?, Next: Interactive Shell Behavior, Prev: What is an Interactive Shell?, Up: Interactive Shells
-Is this Shell Interactive?
---------------------------
+6.3.2 Is this Shell Interactive?
+--------------------------------
- To determine within a startup script whether or not Bash is running
+To determine within a startup script whether or not Bash is running
interactively, test the value of the `-' special parameter. It
contains `i' when the shell is interactive. For example:
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Interactive Shell Behavior, Prev: Is this Shell Interactive?, Up: Interactive Shells
-Interactive Shell Behavior
---------------------------
+6.3.3 Interactive Shell Behavior
+--------------------------------
- When the shell is running interactively, it changes its behavior in
+When the shell is running interactively, it changes its behavior in
several ways.
1. Startup files are read and executed as described in *Note Bash
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Bash Conditional Expressions, Next: Shell Arithmetic, Prev: Interactive Shells, Up: Bash Features
-Bash Conditional Expressions
-============================
+6.4 Bash Conditional Expressions
+================================
- Conditional expressions are used by the `[[' compound command and
-the `test' and `[' builtin commands.
+Conditional expressions are used by the `[[' compound command and the
+`test' and `[' builtin commands.
Expressions may be unary or binary. Unary expressions are often
used to examine the status of a file. There are string operators and
greater than or equal to ARG2, respectively. ARG1 and ARG2 may be
positive or negative integers.
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Shell Arithmetic, Next: Aliases, Prev: Bash Conditional Expressions, Up: Bash Features
-Shell Arithmetic
-================
+6.5 Shell Arithmetic
+====================
- The shell allows arithmetic expressions to be evaluated, as one of
-the shell expansions or by the `let' and the `-i' option to the
-`declare' builtins.
+The shell allows arithmetic expressions to be evaluated, as one of the
+shell expansions or by the `let' and the `-i' option to the `declare'
+builtins.
Evaluation is done in fixed-width integers with no check for
overflow, though division by 0 is trapped and flagged as an error. The
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Aliases, Next: Arrays, Prev: Shell Arithmetic, Up: Bash Features
-Aliases
-=======
+6.6 Aliases
+===========
- ALIASES allow a string to be substituted for a word when it is used
-as the first word of a simple command. The shell maintains a list of
+ALIASES allow a string to be substituted for a word when it is used as
+the first word of a simple command. The shell maintains a list of
aliases that may be set and unset with the `alias' and `unalias'
builtin commands.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Arrays, Next: The Directory Stack, Prev: Aliases, Up: Bash Features
-Arrays
-======
+6.7 Arrays
+==========
- Bash provides one-dimensional array variables. Any variable may be
+Bash provides one-dimensional array variables. Any variable may be
used as an array; the `declare' builtin will explicitly declare an
array. There is no maximum limit on the size of an array, nor any
requirement that members be indexed or assigned contiguously. Arrays
to a number greater than or equal to zero. To explicitly declare an
array, use
declare -a NAME
-
-The syntax
+ The syntax
declare -a NAME[SUBSCRIPT]
-
-is also accepted; the SUBSCRIPT is ignored. Attributes may be
+ is also accepted; the SUBSCRIPT is ignored. Attributes may be
specified for an array variable using the `declare' and `readonly'
builtins. Each attribute applies to all members of an array.
Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form
name=(value1 ... valueN)
-
-where each VALUE is of the form `[[SUBSCRIPT]=]'STRING. If the
+ where each VALUE is of the form `[[SUBSCRIPT]=]'STRING. If the
optional subscript is supplied, that index is assigned to; otherwise
the index of the element assigned is the last index assigned to by the
statement plus one. Indexing starts at zero. This syntax is also
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: The Directory Stack, Next: Printing a Prompt, Prev: Arrays, Up: Bash Features
-The Directory Stack
-===================
+6.8 The Directory Stack
+=======================
* Menu:
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Directory Stack Builtins, Up: The Directory Stack
-Directory Stack Builtins
-------------------------
+6.8.1 Directory Stack Builtins
+------------------------------
`dirs'
dirs [+N | -N] [-clpv]
Makes the current working directory be the top of the stack,
and then executes the equivalent of ``cd' DIR'. `cd's to DIR.
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Printing a Prompt, Next: The Restricted Shell, Prev: The Directory Stack, Up: Bash Features
-Controlling the Prompt
-======================
+6.9 Controlling the Prompt
+==========================
- The value of the variable `PROMPT_COMMAND' is examined just before
-Bash prints each primary prompt. If `PROMPT_COMMAND' is set and has a
+The value of the variable `PROMPT_COMMAND' is examined just before Bash
+prints each primary prompt. If `PROMPT_COMMAND' is set and has a
non-null value, then the value is executed just as if it had been typed
on the command line.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: The Restricted Shell, Next: Bash POSIX Mode, Prev: Printing a Prompt, Up: Bash Features
-The Restricted Shell
-====================
+6.10 The Restricted Shell
+=========================
- If Bash is started with the name `rbash', or the `--restricted' or
-`-r' option is supplied at invocation, the shell becomes restricted. A
+If Bash is started with the name `rbash', or the `--restricted' or `-r'
+option is supplied at invocation, the shell becomes restricted. A
restricted shell is used to set up an environment more controlled than
the standard shell. A restricted shell behaves identically to `bash'
with the exception that the following are disallowed or not performed:
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Bash POSIX Mode, Prev: The Restricted Shell, Up: Bash Features
-Bash POSIX Mode
-===============
+6.11 Bash POSIX Mode
+====================
- Starting Bash with the `--posix' command-line option or executing
-`set -o posix' while Bash is running will cause Bash to conform more
-closely to the POSIX 1003.2 standard by changing the behavior to match
-that specified by POSIX in areas where the Bash default differs.
+Starting Bash with the `--posix' command-line option or executing `set
+-o posix' while Bash is running will cause Bash to conform more closely
+to the POSIX 1003.2 standard by changing the behavior to match that
+specified by POSIX in areas where the Bash default differs.
When invoked as `sh', Bash enters POSIX mode after reading the
startup files.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Job Control, Next: Using History Interactively, Prev: Bash Features, Up: Top
-Job Control
-***********
+7 Job Control
+*************
- This chapter discusses what job control is, how it works, and how
-Bash allows you to access its facilities.
+This chapter discusses what job control is, how it works, and how Bash
+allows you to access its facilities.
* Menu:
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Job Control Basics, Next: Job Control Builtins, Up: Job Control
-Job Control Basics
-==================
+7.1 Job Control Basics
+======================
- Job control refers to the ability to selectively stop (suspend) the
+Job control refers to the ability to selectively stop (suspend) the
execution of processes and continue (resume) their execution at a later
point. A user typically employs this facility via an interactive
interface supplied jointly by the system's terminal driver and Bash.
currently executing jobs, which may be listed with the `jobs' command.
When Bash starts a job asynchronously, it prints a line that looks like:
[1] 25647
-
-indicating that this job is job number 1 and that the process ID of the
-last process in the pipeline associated with this job is 25647. All of
-the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job. Bash
-uses the JOB abstraction as the basis for job control.
+ indicating that this job is job number 1 and that the process ID of
+the last process in the pipeline associated with this job is 25647.
+All of the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job.
+Bash uses the JOB abstraction as the basis for job control.
To facilitate the implementation of the user interface to job
control, the operating system maintains the notion of a current terminal
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Job Control Builtins, Next: Job Control Variables, Prev: Job Control Basics, Up: Job Control
-Job Control Builtins
-====================
+7.2 Job Control Builtins
+========================
`bg'
bg [JOBSPEC]
signal. The `-f' option means to suspend even if the shell is a
login shell.
+
When job control is not active, the `kill' and `wait' builtins do
not accept JOBSPEC arguments. They must be supplied process IDs.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Job Control Variables, Prev: Job Control Builtins, Up: Job Control
-Job Control Variables
-=====================
+7.3 Job Control Variables
+=========================
`auto_resume'
This variable controls how the shell interacts with the user and
a prefix of a stopped job's name; this provides functionality
analogous to the `%' job ID.
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Command Line Editing, Next: Installing Bash, Prev: Using History Interactively, Up: Top
-Command Line Editing
-********************
+8 Command Line Editing
+**********************
- This chapter describes the basic features of the GNU command line
+This chapter describes the basic features of the GNU command line
editing interface. Command line editing is provided by the Readline
library, which is used by several different programs, including Bash.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Introduction and Notation, Next: Readline Interaction, Up: Command Line Editing
-Introduction to Line Editing
-============================
+8.1 Introduction to Line Editing
+================================
- The following paragraphs describe the notation used to represent
+The following paragraphs describe the notation used to represent
keystrokes.
The text `C-k' is read as `Control-K' and describes the character
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Readline Interaction, Next: Readline Init File, Prev: Introduction and Notation, Up: Command Line Editing
-Readline Interaction
-====================
+8.2 Readline Interaction
+========================
- Often during an interactive session you type in a long line of text,
+Often during an interactive session you type in a long line of text,
only to notice that the first word on the line is misspelled. The
Readline library gives you a set of commands for manipulating the text
as you type it in, allowing you to just fix your typo, and not forcing
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Readline Bare Essentials, Next: Readline Movement Commands, Up: Readline Interaction
-Readline Bare Essentials
-------------------------
+8.2.1 Readline Bare Essentials
+------------------------------
- In order to enter characters into the line, simply type them. The
-typed character appears where the cursor was, and then the cursor moves
-one space to the right. If you mistype a character, you can use your
-erase character to back up and delete the mistyped character.
+In order to enter characters into the line, simply type them. The typed
+character appears where the cursor was, and then the cursor moves one
+space to the right. If you mistype a character, you can use your erase
+character to back up and delete the mistyped character.
Sometimes you may mistype a character, and not notice the error
until you have typed several other characters. In that case, you can
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Readline Movement Commands, Next: Readline Killing Commands, Prev: Readline Bare Essentials, Up: Readline Interaction
-Readline Movement Commands
---------------------------
+8.2.2 Readline Movement Commands
+--------------------------------
- The above table describes the most basic keystrokes that you need in
+The above table describes the most basic keystrokes that you need in
order to do editing of the input line. For your convenience, many
other commands have been added in addition to `C-b', `C-f', `C-d', and
<DEL>. Here are some commands for moving more rapidly about the line.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Readline Killing Commands, Next: Readline Arguments, Prev: Readline Movement Commands, Up: Readline Interaction
-Readline Killing Commands
--------------------------
+8.2.3 Readline Killing Commands
+-------------------------------
- "Killing" text means to delete the text from the line, but to save
-it away for later use, usually by "yanking" (re-inserting) it back into
+"Killing" text means to delete the text from the line, but to save it
+away for later use, usually by "yanking" (re-inserting) it back into
the line. (`Cut' and `paste' are more recent jargon for `kill' and
`yank'.)
Any number of consecutive kills save all of the killed text together, so
that when you yank it back, you get it all. The kill ring is not line
specific; the text that you killed on a previously typed line is
-available to be yanked back later, when you are typing another line.
+available to be yanked back later, when you are typing another line.
Here is the list of commands for killing text.
Kill from the cursor to the previous whitespace. This is
different than `M-<DEL>' because the word boundaries differ.
+
Here is how to "yank" the text back into the line. Yanking means to
copy the most-recently-killed text from the kill buffer.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Readline Arguments, Next: Searching, Prev: Readline Killing Commands, Up: Readline Interaction
-Readline Arguments
-------------------
+8.2.4 Readline Arguments
+------------------------
- You can pass numeric arguments to Readline commands. Sometimes the
+You can pass numeric arguments to Readline commands. Sometimes the
argument acts as a repeat count, other times it is the sign of the
argument that is significant. If you pass a negative argument to a
command which normally acts in a forward direction, that command will
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Searching, Prev: Readline Arguments, Up: Readline Interaction
-Searching for Commands in the History
--------------------------------------
+8.2.5 Searching for Commands in the History
+-------------------------------------------
- Readline provides commands for searching through the command history
+Readline provides commands for searching through the command history
(*note Bash History Facilities::) for lines containing a specified
string. There are two search modes: "incremental" and
"non-incremental".
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Readline Init File, Next: Bindable Readline Commands, Prev: Readline Interaction, Up: Command Line Editing
-Readline Init File
-==================
+8.3 Readline Init File
+======================
- Although the Readline library comes with a set of Emacs-like
+Although the Readline library comes with a set of Emacs-like
keybindings installed by default, it is possible to use a different set
of keybindings. Any user can customize programs that use Readline by
putting commands in an "inputrc" file, conventionally in his home
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Readline Init File Syntax, Next: Conditional Init Constructs, Up: Readline Init File
-Readline Init File Syntax
--------------------------
+8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax
+-------------------------------
- There are only a few basic constructs allowed in the Readline init
+There are only a few basic constructs allowed in the Readline init
file. Blank lines are ignored. Lines beginning with a `#' are
comments. Lines beginning with a `$' indicate conditional constructs
(*note Conditional Init Constructs::). Other lines denote variable
appended to the filename when listing possible completions.
The default is `off'.
+
Key Bindings
The syntax for controlling key bindings in the init file is
simple. First you need to find the name of the command that you
`<ESC> <[> <1> <1> <~>' is bound to insert the text `Function
Key 1'.
+
The following GNU Emacs style escape sequences are available when
specifying key sequences:
the line:
"\C-x\\": "\\"
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Conditional Init Constructs, Next: Sample Init File, Prev: Readline Init File Syntax, Up: Readline Init File
-Conditional Init Constructs
----------------------------
+8.3.2 Conditional Init Constructs
+---------------------------------
- Readline implements a facility similar in spirit to the conditional
+Readline implements a facility similar in spirit to the conditional
compilation features of the C preprocessor which allows key bindings
and variable settings to be performed as the result of tests. There
are four parser directives used.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Sample Init File, Prev: Conditional Init Constructs, Up: Readline Init File
-Sample Init File
-----------------
+8.3.3 Sample Init File
+----------------------
- Here is an example of an INPUTRC file. This illustrates key
-binding, variable assignment, and conditional syntax.
+Here is an example of an INPUTRC file. This illustrates key binding,
+variable assignment, and conditional syntax.
# This file controls the behaviour of line input editing for
# First, include any systemwide bindings and variable
# assignments from /etc/Inputrc
$include /etc/Inputrc
-
+
#
# Set various bindings for emacs mode.
-
+
set editing-mode emacs
-
+
$if mode=emacs
-
+
Meta-Control-h: backward-kill-word Text after the function name is ignored
-
+
#
# Arrow keys in keypad mode
#
#"\M-\C-[C": forward-char
#"\M-\C-[A": previous-history
#"\M-\C-[B": next-history
-
+
C-q: quoted-insert
-
+
$endif
-
+
# An old-style binding. This happens to be the default.
TAB: complete
-
+
# Macros that are convenient for shell interaction
$if Bash
# edit the path
# Edit variable on current line.
"\M-\C-v": "\C-a\C-k$\C-y\M-\C-e\C-a\C-y="
$endif
-
+
# use a visible bell if one is available
set bell-style visible
-
+
# don't strip characters to 7 bits when reading
set input-meta on
-
+
# allow iso-latin1 characters to be inserted rather
# than converted to prefix-meta sequences
set convert-meta off
-
+
# display characters with the eighth bit set directly
# rather than as meta-prefixed characters
set output-meta on
-
+
# if there are more than 150 possible completions for
# a word, ask the user if he wants to see all of them
set completion-query-items 150
-
+
# For FTP
$if Ftp
"\C-xg": "get \M-?"
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Bindable Readline Commands, Next: Readline vi Mode, Prev: Readline Init File, Up: Command Line Editing
-Bindable Readline Commands
-==========================
+8.4 Bindable Readline Commands
+==============================
* Menu:
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Commands For Moving, Next: Commands For History, Up: Bindable Readline Commands
-Commands For Moving
--------------------
+8.4.1 Commands For Moving
+-------------------------
`beginning-of-line (C-a)'
Move to the start of the current line.
`redraw-current-line ()'
Refresh the current line. By default, this is unbound.
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Commands For History, Next: Commands For Text, Prev: Commands For Moving, Up: Bindable Readline Commands
-Commands For Manipulating The History
--------------------------------------
+8.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History
+-------------------------------------------
`accept-line (Newline or Return)'
Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is. If this line is
through the history list, inserting the last argument of each line
in turn.
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Commands For Text, Next: Commands For Killing, Prev: Commands For History, Up: Bindable Readline Commands
-Commands For Changing Text
---------------------------
+8.4.3 Commands For Changing Text
+--------------------------------
`delete-char (C-d)'
Delete the character at point. If point is at the beginning of
By default, this command is unbound.
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Commands For Killing, Next: Numeric Arguments, Prev: Commands For Text, Up: Bindable Readline Commands
-Killing And Yanking
--------------------
+8.4.4 Killing And Yanking
+-------------------------
`kill-line (C-k)'
Kill the text from point to the end of the line.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Numeric Arguments, Next: Commands For Completion, Prev: Commands For Killing, Up: Bindable Readline Commands
-Specifying Numeric Arguments
-----------------------------
+8.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments
+----------------------------------
`digit-argument (M-0, M-1, ... M--)'
Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a new
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Commands For Completion, Next: Keyboard Macros, Prev: Numeric Arguments, Up: Bindable Readline Commands
-Letting Readline Type For You
------------------------------
+8.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You
+-----------------------------------
`complete (<TAB>)'
Attempt to perform completion on the text before point. The
completions enclosed within braces so the list is available to the
shell (*note Brace Expansion::).
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Keyboard Macros, Next: Miscellaneous Commands, Prev: Commands For Completion, Up: Bindable Readline Commands
-Keyboard Macros
----------------
+8.4.7 Keyboard Macros
+---------------------
`start-kbd-macro (C-x ()'
Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro.
Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the
characters in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard.
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Miscellaneous Commands, Prev: Keyboard Macros, Up: Bindable Readline Commands
-Some Miscellaneous Commands
----------------------------
+8.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands
+---------------------------------
`re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)'
Read in the contents of the INPUTRC file, and incorporate any
result as shell commands. Bash attempts to invoke `$VISUAL',
`$EDITOR', and `emacs' as the editor, in that order.
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Readline vi Mode, Next: Programmable Completion, Prev: Bindable Readline Commands, Up: Command Line Editing
-Readline vi Mode
-================
+8.5 Readline vi Mode
+====================
- While the Readline library does not have a full set of `vi' editing
+While the Readline library does not have a full set of `vi' editing
functions, it does contain enough to allow simple editing of the line.
The Readline `vi' mode behaves as specified in the POSIX 1003.2
standard.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Programmable Completion, Next: Programmable Completion Builtins, Prev: Readline vi Mode, Up: Command Line Editing
-Programmable Completion
-=======================
+8.6 Programmable Completion
+===========================
- When word completion is attempted for an argument to a command for
+When word completion is attempted for an argument to a command for
which a completion specification (a COMPSPEC) has been defined using
the `complete' builtin (*note Programmable Completion Builtins::), the
programmable completion facilities are invoked.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Programmable Completion Builtins, Prev: Programmable Completion, Up: Command Line Editing
-Programmable Completion Builtins
-================================
+8.7 Programmable Completion Builtins
+====================================
- Two builtin commands are available to manipulate the programmable
+Two builtin commands are available to manipulate the programmable
completion facilities.
`compgen'
for a NAME for which no specification exists, or an error occurs
adding a completion specification.
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Using History Interactively, Next: Command Line Editing, Prev: Job Control, Up: Top
-Using History Interactively
-***************************
+9 Using History Interactively
+*****************************
- This chapter describes how to use the GNU History Library
+This chapter describes how to use the GNU History Library
interactively, from a user's standpoint. It should be considered a
user's guide. For information on using the GNU History Library in
other programs, see the GNU Readline Library Manual.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Bash History Facilities, Next: Bash History Builtins, Up: Using History Interactively
-Bash History Facilities
-=======================
+9.1 Bash History Facilities
+===========================
- When the `-o history' option to the `set' builtin is enabled (*note
-The Set Builtin::), the shell provides access to the "command history",
-the list of commands previously typed. The value of the `HISTSIZE'
-shell variable is used as the number of commands to save in a history
-list. The text of the last `$HISTSIZE' commands (default 500) is saved.
-The shell stores each command in the history list prior to parameter
-and variable expansion but after history expansion is performed,
-subject to the values of the shell variables `HISTIGNORE' and
-`HISTCONTROL'.
+When the `-o history' option to the `set' builtin is enabled (*note The
+Set Builtin::), the shell provides access to the "command history", the
+list of commands previously typed. The value of the `HISTSIZE' shell
+variable is used as the number of commands to save in a history list.
+The text of the last `$HISTSIZE' commands (default 500) is saved. The
+shell stores each command in the history list prior to parameter and
+variable expansion but after history expansion is performed, subject to
+the values of the shell variables `HISTIGNORE' and `HISTCONTROL'.
When the shell starts up, the history is initialized from the file
named by the `HISTFILE' variable (default `~/.bash_history'). The file
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Bash History Builtins, Next: History Interaction, Prev: Bash History Facilities, Up: Using History Interactively
-Bash History Builtins
-=====================
+9.2 Bash History Builtins
+=========================
- Bash provides two builtin commands which manipulate the history list
+Bash provides two builtin commands which manipulate the history list
and history file.
`fc'
The ARGs are added to the end of the history list as a single
entry.
+
When any of the `-w', `-r', `-a', or `-n' options is used, if
FILENAME is given, then it is used as the history file. If not,
then the value of the `HISTFILE' variable is used.
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: History Interaction, Prev: Bash History Builtins, Up: Using History Interactively
-History Expansion
-=================
+9.3 History Expansion
+=====================
- The History library provides a history expansion feature that is
-similar to the history expansion provided by `csh'. This section
-describes the syntax used to manipulate the history information.
+The History library provides a history expansion feature that is similar
+to the history expansion provided by `csh'. This section describes the
+syntax used to manipulate the history information.
History expansions introduce words from the history list into the
input stream, making it easy to repeat commands, insert the arguments
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Event Designators, Next: Word Designators, Up: History Interaction
-Event Designators
------------------
+9.3.1 Event Designators
+-----------------------
- An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the
-history list.
+An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the
+history list.
`!'
Start a history substitution, except when followed by a space, tab,
`!#'
The entire command line typed so far.
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Word Designators, Next: Modifiers, Prev: Event Designators, Up: History Interaction
-Word Designators
-----------------
+9.3.2 Word Designators
+----------------------
- Word designators are used to select desired words from the event. A
+Word designators are used to select desired words from the event. A
`:' separates the event specification from the word designator. It may
be omitted if the word designator begins with a `^', `$', `*', `-', or
`%'. Words are numbered from the beginning of the line, with the first
`X-'
Abbreviates `X-$' like `X*', but omits the last word.
+
If a word designator is supplied without an event specification, the
previous command is used as the event.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Modifiers, Prev: Word Designators, Up: History Interaction
-Modifiers
----------
+9.3.3 Modifiers
+---------------
- After the optional word designator, you can add a sequence of one or
+After the optional word designator, you can add a sequence of one or
more of the following modifiers, each preceded by a `:'.
`h'
`G'
Apply the following `s' modifier once to each word in the event.
+
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Installing Bash, Next: Reporting Bugs, Prev: Command Line Editing, Up: Top
-Installing Bash
-***************
+10 Installing Bash
+******************
- This chapter provides basic instructions for installing Bash on the
+This chapter provides basic instructions for installing Bash on the
various supported platforms. The distribution supports the GNU
operating systems, nearly every version of Unix, and several non-Unix
systems such as BeOS and Interix. Other independent ports exist for
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Basic Installation, Next: Compilers and Options, Up: Installing Bash
-Basic Installation
-==================
+10.1 Basic Installation
+=======================
- These are installation instructions for Bash.
+These are installation instructions for Bash.
The simplest way to compile Bash is:
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Compilers and Options, Next: Compiling For Multiple Architectures, Prev: Basic Installation, Up: Installing Bash
-Compilers and Options
-=====================
+10.2 Compilers and Options
+==========================
- Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking that
+Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking that
the `configure' script does not know about. You can give `configure'
initial values for variables by setting them in the environment. Using
a Bourne-compatible shell, you can do that on the command line like
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures, Next: Installation Names, Prev: Compilers and Options, Up: Installing Bash
-Compiling For Multiple Architectures
-====================================
+10.3 Compiling For Multiple Architectures
+=========================================
- You can compile Bash for more than one kind of computer at the same
+You can compile Bash for more than one kind of computer at the same
time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their own
directory. To do this, you must use a version of `make' that supports
the `VPATH' variable, such as GNU `make'. `cd' to the directory where
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Installation Names, Next: Specifying the System Type, Prev: Compiling For Multiple Architectures, Up: Installing Bash
-Installation Names
-==================
+10.4 Installation Names
+=======================
- By default, `make install' will install into `/usr/local/bin',
+By default, `make install' will install into `/usr/local/bin',
`/usr/local/man', etc. You can specify an installation prefix other
than `/usr/local' by giving `configure' the option `--prefix=PATH', or
by specifying a value for the `DESTDIR' `make' variable when running
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Specifying the System Type, Next: Sharing Defaults, Prev: Installation Names, Up: Installing Bash
-Specifying the System Type
-==========================
+10.5 Specifying the System Type
+===============================
- There may be some features `configure' can not figure out
+There may be some features `configure' can not figure out
automatically, but need to determine by the type of host Bash will run
on. Usually `configure' can figure that out, but if it prints a
message saying it can not guess the host type, give it the
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Sharing Defaults, Next: Operation Controls, Prev: Specifying the System Type, Up: Installing Bash
-Sharing Defaults
-================
+10.6 Sharing Defaults
+=====================
- If you want to set default values for `configure' scripts to share,
-you can create a site shell script called `config.site' that gives
-default values for variables like `CC', `cache_file', and `prefix'.
-`configure' looks for `PREFIX/share/config.site' if it exists, then
+If you want to set default values for `configure' scripts to share, you
+can create a site shell script called `config.site' that gives default
+values for variables like `CC', `cache_file', and `prefix'. `configure'
+looks for `PREFIX/share/config.site' if it exists, then
`PREFIX/etc/config.site' if it exists. Or, you can set the
`CONFIG_SITE' environment variable to the location of the site script.
A warning: the Bash `configure' looks for a site script, but not all
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Operation Controls, Next: Optional Features, Prev: Sharing Defaults, Up: Installing Bash
-Operation Controls
-==================
+10.7 Operation Controls
+=======================
- `configure' recognizes the following options to control how it
-operates.
+`configure' recognizes the following options to control how it operates.
`--cache-file=FILE'
Use and save the results of the tests in FILE instead of
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Optional Features, Prev: Operation Controls, Up: Installing Bash
-Optional Features
-=================
+10.8 Optional Features
+======================
- The Bash `configure' has a number of `--enable-FEATURE' options,
-where FEATURE indicates an optional part of Bash. There are also
-several `--with-PACKAGE' options, where PACKAGE is something like
-`bash-malloc' or `purify'. To turn off the default use of a package,
-use `--without-PACKAGE'. To configure Bash without a feature that is
+The Bash `configure' has a number of `--enable-FEATURE' options, where
+FEATURE indicates an optional part of Bash. There are also several
+`--with-PACKAGE' options, where PACKAGE is something like `bash-malloc'
+or `purify'. To turn off the default use of a package, use
+`--without-PACKAGE'. To configure Bash without a feature that is
enabled by default, use `--disable-FEATURE'.
Here is a complete list of the `--enable-' and `--with-' options
Specification, version 2. *Note Bash Builtins::, for a
description of the escape sequences that `echo' recognizes.
+
The file `config-top.h' contains C Preprocessor `#define' statements
for options which are not settable from `configure'. Some of these are
not meant to be changed; beware of the consequences if you do. Read
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Reporting Bugs, Next: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell, Prev: Installing Bash, Up: Top
-Reporting Bugs
-**************
+Appendix A Reporting Bugs
+*************************
- Please report all bugs you find in Bash. But first, you should make
+Please report all bugs you find in Bash. But first, you should make
sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest version
of Bash. The latest version of Bash is always available for FTP from
`ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/bash/'.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell, Next: Copying This Manual, Prev: Reporting Bugs, Up: Top
-Major Differences From The Bourne Shell
-***************************************
+Appendix B Major Differences From The Bourne Shell
+**************************************************
- Bash implements essentially the same grammar, parameter and variable
+Bash implements essentially the same grammar, parameter and variable
expansion, redirection, and quoting as the Bourne Shell. Bash uses the
POSIX 1003.2 standard as the specification of how these features are to
be implemented. There are some differences between the traditional
More features unique to Bash may be found in *Note Bash Features::.
-Implementation Differences From The SVR4.2 Shell
-================================================
+B.1 Implementation Differences From The SVR4.2 Shell
+====================================================
- Since Bash is a completely new implementation, it does not suffer
-from many of the limitations of the SVR4.2 shell. For instance:
+Since Bash is a completely new implementation, it does not suffer from
+many of the limitations of the SVR4.2 shell. For instance:
* Bash does not fork a subshell when redirecting into or out of a
shell control structure such as an `if' or `while' statement.
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Copying This Manual, Next: Builtin Index, Prev: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell, Up: Top
-Copying This Manual
-*******************
+Appendix C Copying This Manual
+******************************
* Menu:
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: GNU Free Documentation License, Up: Copying This Manual
-GNU Free Documentation License
-==============================
+C.1 GNU Free Documentation License
+==================================
Version 1.2, November 2002
+
Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA
-
+
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the
Free Software Foundation.
-ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
-----------------------------------------------------
+C.1.1 ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
+----------------------------------------------------------
- To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
+To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
the License in the document and put the following copyright and license
notices just after the title page:
Index of Shell Builtin Commands
*******************************
+\0\b[index\0\b]
* Menu:
* .: Bourne Shell Builtins.
+ (line 16)
* :: Bourne Shell Builtins.
+ (line 11)
* [: Bourne Shell Builtins.
-* alias: Bash Builtins.
+ (line 212)
+* alias: Bash Builtins. (line 11)
* bg: Job Control Builtins.
-* bind: Bash Builtins.
+ (line 7)
+* bind: Bash Builtins. (line 21)
* break: Bourne Shell Builtins.
-* builtin: Bash Builtins.
-* caller: Bash Builtins.
+ (line 29)
+* builtin: Bash Builtins. (line 92)
+* caller: Bash Builtins. (line 100)
* cd: Bourne Shell Builtins.
-* command: Bash Builtins.
+ (line 36)
+* command: Bash Builtins. (line 117)
* compgen: Programmable Completion Builtins.
+ (line 10)
* complete: Programmable Completion Builtins.
+ (line 28)
* continue: Bourne Shell Builtins.
-* declare: Bash Builtins.
+ (line 55)
+* declare: Bash Builtins. (line 136)
* dirs: Directory Stack Builtins.
+ (line 7)
* disown: Job Control Builtins.
-* echo: Bash Builtins.
-* enable: Bash Builtins.
+ (line 83)
+* echo: Bash Builtins. (line 191)
+* enable: Bash Builtins. (line 244)
* eval: Bourne Shell Builtins.
+ (line 63)
* exec: Bourne Shell Builtins.
+ (line 70)
* exit: Bourne Shell Builtins.
+ (line 82)
* export: Bourne Shell Builtins.
+ (line 88)
* fc: Bash History Builtins.
+ (line 10)
* fg: Job Control Builtins.
+ (line 16)
* getopts: Bourne Shell Builtins.
+ (line 103)
* hash: Bourne Shell Builtins.
-* help: Bash Builtins.
+ (line 145)
+* help: Bash Builtins. (line 272)
* history: Bash History Builtins.
+ (line 39)
* jobs: Job Control Builtins.
+ (line 25)
* kill: Job Control Builtins.
-* let: Bash Builtins.
-* local: Bash Builtins.
-* logout: Bash Builtins.
+ (line 57)
+* let: Bash Builtins. (line 281)
+* local: Bash Builtins. (line 288)
+* logout: Bash Builtins. (line 298)
* popd: Directory Stack Builtins.
-* printf: Bash Builtins.
+ (line 37)
+* printf: Bash Builtins. (line 302)
* pushd: Directory Stack Builtins.
+ (line 58)
* pwd: Bourne Shell Builtins.
-* read: Bash Builtins.
+ (line 163)
+* read: Bash Builtins. (line 324)
* readonly: Bourne Shell Builtins.
+ (line 172)
* return: Bourne Shell Builtins.
-* set: The Set Builtin.
+ (line 187)
+* set: The Set Builtin. (line 9)
* shift: Bourne Shell Builtins.
-* shopt: Bash Builtins.
-* source: Bash Builtins.
+ (line 200)
+* shopt: Bash Builtins. (line 385)
+* source: Bash Builtins. (line 600)
* suspend: Job Control Builtins.
+ (line 94)
* test: Bourne Shell Builtins.
+ (line 212)
* times: Bourne Shell Builtins.
+ (line 276)
* trap: Bourne Shell Builtins.
-* type: Bash Builtins.
-* typeset: Bash Builtins.
-* ulimit: Bash Builtins.
+ (line 281)
+* type: Bash Builtins. (line 604)
+* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 635)
+* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 641)
* umask: Bourne Shell Builtins.
-* unalias: Bash Builtins.
+ (line 322)
+* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 703)
* unset: Bourne Shell Builtins.
+ (line 339)
* wait: Job Control Builtins.
+ (line 73)
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Reserved Word Index, Next: Variable Index, Prev: Builtin Index, Up: Top
Index of Shell Reserved Words
*****************************
+\0\b[index\0\b]
* Menu:
-* !: Pipelines.
+* !: Pipelines. (line 8)
* [[: Conditional Constructs.
+ (line 105)
* ]]: Conditional Constructs.
+ (line 105)
* case: Conditional Constructs.
-* do: Looping Constructs.
-* done: Looping Constructs.
+ (line 28)
+* do: Looping Constructs. (line 12)
+* done: Looping Constructs. (line 12)
* elif: Conditional Constructs.
+ (line 7)
* else: Conditional Constructs.
+ (line 7)
* esac: Conditional Constructs.
+ (line 28)
* fi: Conditional Constructs.
-* for: Looping Constructs.
-* function: Shell Functions.
+ (line 7)
+* for: Looping Constructs. (line 29)
+* function: Shell Functions. (line 13)
* if: Conditional Constructs.
+ (line 7)
* in: Conditional Constructs.
+ (line 28)
* select: Conditional Constructs.
+ (line 64)
* then: Conditional Constructs.
-* time: Pipelines.
-* until: Looping Constructs.
-* while: Looping Constructs.
-* {: Command Grouping.
-* }: Command Grouping.
+ (line 7)
+* time: Pipelines. (line 8)
+* until: Looping Constructs. (line 12)
+* while: Looping Constructs. (line 20)
+* {: Command Grouping. (line 21)
+* }: Command Grouping. (line 21)
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Variable Index, Next: Function Index, Prev: Reserved Word Index, Up: Top
Parameter and Variable Index
****************************
+\0\b[index\0\b]
* Menu:
-* !: Special Parameters.
-* #: Special Parameters.
-* $: Special Parameters.
-* *: Special Parameters.
-* -: Special Parameters.
-* 0: Special Parameters.
-* ?: Special Parameters.
-* @: Special Parameters.
-* _: Special Parameters.
+* !: Special Parameters. (line 42)
+* #: Special Parameters. (line 26)
+* $: Special Parameters. (line 38)
+* *: Special Parameters. (line 9)
+* -: Special Parameters. (line 33)
+* 0: Special Parameters. (line 46)
+* ?: Special Parameters. (line 29)
+* @: Special Parameters. (line 19)
+* _: Special Parameters. (line 55)
* auto_resume: Job Control Variables.
-* BASH: Bash Variables.
-* BASH_ARGC: Bash Variables.
-* BASH_ARGV: Bash Variables.
-* BASH_COMMAND: Bash Variables.
-* BASH_ENV: Bash Variables.
-* BASH_EXECUTION_STRING: Bash Variables.
-* BASH_LINENO: Bash Variables.
-* BASH_REMATCH: Bash Variables.
-* BASH_SOURCE: Bash Variables.
-* BASH_SUBSHELL: Bash Variables.
-* BASH_VERSINFO: Bash Variables.
-* BASH_VERSION: Bash Variables.
+ (line 6)
+* BASH: Bash Variables. (line 13)
+* BASH_ARGC: Bash Variables. (line 16)
+* BASH_ARGV: Bash Variables. (line 24)
+* BASH_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 31)
+* BASH_ENV: Bash Variables. (line 36)
+* BASH_EXECUTION_STRING: Bash Variables. (line 42)
+* BASH_LINENO: Bash Variables. (line 45)
+* BASH_REMATCH: Bash Variables. (line 53)
+* BASH_SOURCE: Bash Variables. (line 61)
+* BASH_SUBSHELL: Bash Variables. (line 65)
+* BASH_VERSINFO: Bash Variables. (line 69)
+* BASH_VERSION: Bash Variables. (line 93)
* bell-style: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 34)
* CDPATH: Bourne Shell Variables.
-* COLUMNS: Bash Variables.
+ (line 9)
+* COLUMNS: Bash Variables. (line 96)
* comment-begin: Readline Init File Syntax.
-* COMP_CWORD: Bash Variables.
-* COMP_LINE: Bash Variables.
-* COMP_POINT: Bash Variables.
-* COMP_WORDBREAKS: Bash Variables.
-* COMP_WORDS: Bash Variables.
+ (line 41)
+* COMP_CWORD: Bash Variables. (line 101)
+* COMP_LINE: Bash Variables. (line 107)
+* COMP_POINT: Bash Variables. (line 112)
+* COMP_WORDBREAKS: Bash Variables. (line 120)
+* COMP_WORDS: Bash Variables. (line 126)
* completion-query-items: Readline Init File Syntax.
-* COMPREPLY: Bash Variables.
+ (line 51)
+* COMPREPLY: Bash Variables. (line 132)
* convert-meta: Readline Init File Syntax.
-* DIRSTACK: Bash Variables.
+ (line 60)
+* DIRSTACK: Bash Variables. (line 137)
* disable-completion: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 66)
* editing-mode: Readline Init File Syntax.
-* EMACS: Bash Variables.
+ (line 71)
+* EMACS: Bash Variables. (line 147)
* enable-keypad: Readline Init File Syntax.
-* EUID: Bash Variables.
+ (line 77)
+* EUID: Bash Variables. (line 152)
* expand-tilde: Readline Init File Syntax.
-* FCEDIT: Bash Variables.
-* FIGNORE: Bash Variables.
-* FUNCNAME: Bash Variables.
-* GLOBIGNORE: Bash Variables.
-* GROUPS: Bash Variables.
-* histchars: Bash Variables.
-* HISTCMD: Bash Variables.
-* HISTCONTROL: Bash Variables.
-* HISTFILE: Bash Variables.
-* HISTFILESIZE: Bash Variables.
-* HISTIGNORE: Bash Variables.
+ (line 82)
+* FCEDIT: Bash Variables. (line 156)
+* FIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 160)
+* FUNCNAME: Bash Variables. (line 166)
+* GLOBIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 175)
+* GROUPS: Bash Variables. (line 181)
+* histchars: Bash Variables. (line 187)
+* HISTCMD: Bash Variables. (line 202)
+* HISTCONTROL: Bash Variables. (line 207)
+* HISTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 223)
+* HISTFILESIZE: Bash Variables. (line 227)
+* HISTIGNORE: Bash Variables. (line 234)
* history-preserve-point: Readline Init File Syntax.
-* HISTSIZE: Bash Variables.
-* HISTTIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables.
+ (line 85)
+* HISTSIZE: Bash Variables. (line 253)
+* HISTTIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 257)
* HOME: Bourne Shell Variables.
+ (line 13)
* horizontal-scroll-mode: Readline Init File Syntax.
-* HOSTFILE: Bash Variables.
-* HOSTNAME: Bash Variables.
-* HOSTTYPE: Bash Variables.
+ (line 90)
+* HOSTFILE: Bash Variables. (line 264)
+* HOSTNAME: Bash Variables. (line 275)
+* HOSTTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 278)
* IFS: Bourne Shell Variables.
-* IGNOREEOF: Bash Variables.
+ (line 18)
+* IGNOREEOF: Bash Variables. (line 281)
* input-meta: Readline Init File Syntax.
-* INPUTRC: Bash Variables.
+ (line 97)
+* INPUTRC: Bash Variables. (line 291)
* isearch-terminators: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 104)
* keymap: Readline Init File Syntax.
-* LANG: Bash Variables.
-* LC_ALL: Bash Variables.
-* LC_COLLATE: Bash Variables.
-* LC_CTYPE: Bash Variables.
-* LC_MESSAGES <1>: Locale Translation.
-* LC_MESSAGES: Bash Variables.
-* LC_NUMERIC: Bash Variables.
-* LINENO: Bash Variables.
-* LINES: Bash Variables.
-* MACHTYPE: Bash Variables.
+ (line 111)
+* LANG: Bash Variables. (line 295)
+* LC_ALL: Bash Variables. (line 299)
+* LC_COLLATE: Bash Variables. (line 303)
+* LC_CTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 310)
+* LC_MESSAGES <1>: Locale Translation. (line 11)
+* LC_MESSAGES: Bash Variables. (line 315)
+* LC_NUMERIC: Bash Variables. (line 319)
+* LINENO: Bash Variables. (line 323)
+* LINES: Bash Variables. (line 327)
+* MACHTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 332)
* MAIL: Bourne Shell Variables.
-* MAILCHECK: Bash Variables.
+ (line 22)
+* MAILCHECK: Bash Variables. (line 336)
* MAILPATH: Bourne Shell Variables.
+ (line 27)
* mark-modified-lines: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 124)
* mark-symlinked-directories: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 129)
* match-hidden-files: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 134)
* meta-flag: Readline Init File Syntax.
-* OLDPWD: Bash Variables.
+ (line 97)
+* OLDPWD: Bash Variables. (line 344)
* OPTARG: Bourne Shell Variables.
-* OPTERR: Bash Variables.
+ (line 34)
+* OPTERR: Bash Variables. (line 347)
* OPTIND: Bourne Shell Variables.
-* OSTYPE: Bash Variables.
+ (line 38)
+* OSTYPE: Bash Variables. (line 351)
* output-meta: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 141)
* page-completions: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 146)
* PATH: Bourne Shell Variables.
-* PIPESTATUS: Bash Variables.
-* POSIXLY_CORRECT: Bash Variables.
-* PPID: Bash Variables.
-* PROMPT_COMMAND: Bash Variables.
+ (line 42)
+* PIPESTATUS: Bash Variables. (line 354)
+* POSIXLY_CORRECT: Bash Variables. (line 359)
+* PPID: Bash Variables. (line 368)
+* PROMPT_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 372)
* PS1: Bourne Shell Variables.
+ (line 48)
* PS2: Bourne Shell Variables.
-* PS3: Bash Variables.
-* PS4: Bash Variables.
-* PWD: Bash Variables.
-* RANDOM: Bash Variables.
-* REPLY: Bash Variables.
-* SECONDS: Bash Variables.
-* SHELL: Bash Variables.
-* SHELLOPTS: Bash Variables.
-* SHLVL: Bash Variables.
+ (line 53)
+* PS3: Bash Variables. (line 376)
+* PS4: Bash Variables. (line 381)
+* PWD: Bash Variables. (line 387)
+* RANDOM: Bash Variables. (line 390)
+* REPLY: Bash Variables. (line 395)
+* SECONDS: Bash Variables. (line 398)
+* SHELL: Bash Variables. (line 404)
+* SHELLOPTS: Bash Variables. (line 409)
+* SHLVL: Bash Variables. (line 418)
* show-all-if-ambiguous: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 156)
* show-all-if-unmodified: Readline Init File Syntax.
-* TEXTDOMAIN: Locale Translation.
-* TEXTDOMAINDIR: Locale Translation.
-* TIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables.
-* TMOUT: Bash Variables.
-* UID: Bash Variables.
+ (line 162)
+* TEXTDOMAIN: Locale Translation. (line 11)
+* TEXTDOMAINDIR: Locale Translation. (line 11)
+* TIMEFORMAT: Bash Variables. (line 423)
+* TMOUT: Bash Variables. (line 461)
+* UID: Bash Variables. (line 473)
* visible-stats: Readline Init File Syntax.
+ (line 171)
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Function Index, Next: Concept Index, Prev: Variable Index, Up: Top
Function Index
**************
+\0\b[index\0\b]
* Menu:
* abort (C-g): Miscellaneous Commands.
-* accept-line (Newline or Return): Commands For History.
-* backward-char (C-b): Commands For Moving.
-* backward-delete-char (Rubout): Commands For Text.
-* backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout): Commands For Killing.
-* backward-kill-word (M-<DEL>): Commands For Killing.
-* backward-word (M-b): Commands For Moving.
-* beginning-of-history (M-<): Commands For History.
-* beginning-of-line (C-a): Commands For Moving.
-* call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e): Keyboard Macros.
-* capitalize-word (M-c): Commands For Text.
+ (line 10)
+* accept-line (Newline or Return): Commands For History. (line 6)
+* backward-char (C-b): Commands For Moving. (line 15)
+* backward-delete-char (Rubout): Commands For Text. (line 11)
+* backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout): Commands For Killing. (line 9)
+* backward-kill-word (M-<DEL>): Commands For Killing. (line 24)
+* backward-word (M-b): Commands For Moving. (line 22)
+* beginning-of-history (M-<): Commands For History. (line 20)
+* beginning-of-line (C-a): Commands For Moving. (line 6)
+* call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e): Keyboard Macros. (line 13)
+* capitalize-word (M-c): Commands For Text. (line 46)
* character-search (C-]): Miscellaneous Commands.
+ (line 41)
* character-search-backward (M-C-]): Miscellaneous Commands.
-* clear-screen (C-l): Commands For Moving.
+ (line 46)
+* clear-screen (C-l): Commands For Moving. (line 26)
* complete (<TAB>): Commands For Completion.
-* copy-backward-word (): Commands For Killing.
-* copy-forward-word (): Commands For Killing.
-* copy-region-as-kill (): Commands For Killing.
-* delete-char (C-d): Commands For Text.
+ (line 6)
+* copy-backward-word (): Commands For Killing. (line 49)
+* copy-forward-word (): Commands For Killing. (line 54)
+* copy-region-as-kill (): Commands For Killing. (line 45)
+* delete-char (C-d): Commands For Text. (line 6)
* delete-char-or-list (): Commands For Completion.
-* delete-horizontal-space (): Commands For Killing.
-* digit-argument (M-0, M-1, ... M--): Numeric Arguments.
+ (line 34)
+* delete-horizontal-space (): Commands For Killing. (line 37)
+* digit-argument (M-0, M-1, ... M--): Numeric Arguments. (line 6)
* do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-X, ...): Miscellaneous Commands.
-* downcase-word (M-l): Commands For Text.
+ (line 14)
+* downcase-word (M-l): Commands For Text. (line 42)
* dump-functions (): Miscellaneous Commands.
+ (line 64)
* dump-macros (): Miscellaneous Commands.
+ (line 76)
* dump-variables (): Miscellaneous Commands.
-* end-kbd-macro (C-x )): Keyboard Macros.
-* end-of-history (M->): Commands For History.
-* end-of-line (C-e): Commands For Moving.
+ (line 70)
+* end-kbd-macro (C-x )): Keyboard Macros. (line 9)
+* end-of-history (M->): Commands For History. (line 23)
+* end-of-line (C-e): Commands For Moving. (line 9)
* exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x): Miscellaneous Commands.
-* forward-backward-delete-char (): Commands For Text.
-* forward-char (C-f): Commands For Moving.
-* forward-search-history (C-s): Commands For History.
-* forward-word (M-f): Commands For Moving.
-* history-search-backward (): Commands For History.
-* history-search-forward (): Commands For History.
+ (line 36)
+* forward-backward-delete-char (): Commands For Text. (line 15)
+* forward-char (C-f): Commands For Moving. (line 12)
+* forward-search-history (C-s): Commands For History. (line 31)
+* forward-word (M-f): Commands For Moving. (line 18)
+* history-search-backward (): Commands For History. (line 51)
+* history-search-forward (): Commands For History. (line 46)
* insert-comment (M-#): Miscellaneous Commands.
+ (line 51)
* insert-completions (M-*): Commands For Completion.
-* kill-line (C-k): Commands For Killing.
-* kill-region (): Commands For Killing.
-* kill-whole-line (): Commands For Killing.
-* kill-word (M-d): Commands For Killing.
+ (line 18)
+* kill-line (C-k): Commands For Killing. (line 6)
+* kill-region (): Commands For Killing. (line 41)
+* kill-whole-line (): Commands For Killing. (line 15)
+* kill-word (M-d): Commands For Killing. (line 19)
* menu-complete (): Commands For Completion.
-* next-history (C-n): Commands For History.
+ (line 22)
+* next-history (C-n): Commands For History. (line 17)
* non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n): Commands For History.
+ (line 41)
* non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p): Commands For History.
-* overwrite-mode (): Commands For Text.
+ (line 36)
+* overwrite-mode (): Commands For Text. (line 50)
* possible-completions (M-?): Commands For Completion.
+ (line 15)
* prefix-meta (<ESC>): Miscellaneous Commands.
-* previous-history (C-p): Commands For History.
-* quoted-insert (C-q or C-v): Commands For Text.
+ (line 18)
+* previous-history (C-p): Commands For History. (line 13)
+* quoted-insert (C-q or C-v): Commands For Text. (line 20)
* re-read-init-file (C-x C-r): Miscellaneous Commands.
-* redraw-current-line (): Commands For Moving.
-* reverse-search-history (C-r): Commands For History.
+ (line 6)
+* redraw-current-line (): Commands For Moving. (line 30)
+* reverse-search-history (C-r): Commands For History. (line 27)
* revert-line (M-r): Miscellaneous Commands.
-* self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, ...): Commands For Text.
+ (line 25)
+* self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, ...): Commands For Text. (line 24)
* set-mark (C-@): Miscellaneous Commands.
-* start-kbd-macro (C-x (): Keyboard Macros.
-* transpose-chars (C-t): Commands For Text.
-* transpose-words (M-t): Commands For Text.
+ (line 32)
+* start-kbd-macro (C-x (): Keyboard Macros. (line 6)
+* transpose-chars (C-t): Commands For Text. (line 27)
+* transpose-words (M-t): Commands For Text. (line 33)
* undo (C-_ or C-x C-u): Miscellaneous Commands.
-* universal-argument (): Numeric Arguments.
-* unix-filename-rubout (): Commands For Killing.
-* unix-line-discard (C-u): Commands For Killing.
-* unix-word-rubout (C-w): Commands For Killing.
-* upcase-word (M-u): Commands For Text.
-* yank (C-y): Commands For Killing.
-* yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_): Commands For History.
-* yank-nth-arg (M-C-y): Commands For History.
-* yank-pop (M-y): Commands For Killing.
+ (line 22)
+* universal-argument (): Numeric Arguments. (line 10)
+* unix-filename-rubout (): Commands For Killing. (line 32)
+* unix-line-discard (C-u): Commands For Killing. (line 12)
+* unix-word-rubout (C-w): Commands For Killing. (line 28)
+* upcase-word (M-u): Commands For Text. (line 38)
+* yank (C-y): Commands For Killing. (line 59)
+* yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_): Commands For History. (line 63)
+* yank-nth-arg (M-C-y): Commands For History. (line 56)
+* yank-pop (M-y): Commands For Killing. (line 62)
\1f
File: bashref.info, Node: Concept Index, Prev: Function Index, Up: Top
Concept Index
*************
+\0\b[index\0\b]
* Menu:
-* alias expansion: Aliases.
-* arithmetic evaluation: Shell Arithmetic.
+* alias expansion: Aliases. (line 6)
+* arithmetic evaluation: Shell Arithmetic. (line 6)
* arithmetic expansion: Arithmetic Expansion.
-* arithmetic, shell: Shell Arithmetic.
-* arrays: Arrays.
-* background: Job Control Basics.
-* Bash configuration: Basic Installation.
-* Bash installation: Basic Installation.
+ (line 6)
+* arithmetic, shell: Shell Arithmetic. (line 6)
+* arrays: Arrays. (line 6)
+* background: Job Control Basics. (line 6)
+* Bash configuration: Basic Installation. (line 6)
+* Bash installation: Basic Installation. (line 6)
* Bourne shell: Basic Shell Features.
-* brace expansion: Brace Expansion.
-* builtin: Definitions.
+ (line 6)
+* brace expansion: Brace Expansion. (line 6)
+* builtin: Definitions. (line 16)
* command editing: Readline Bare Essentials.
+ (line 6)
* command execution: Command Search and Execution.
+ (line 6)
* command expansion: Simple Command Expansion.
+ (line 6)
* command history: Bash History Facilities.
+ (line 6)
* command search: Command Search and Execution.
+ (line 6)
* command substitution: Command Substitution.
-* command timing: Pipelines.
-* commands, compound: Compound Commands.
+ (line 6)
+* command timing: Pipelines. (line 8)
+* commands, compound: Compound Commands. (line 6)
* commands, conditional: Conditional Constructs.
-* commands, grouping: Command Grouping.
-* commands, lists: Lists.
-* commands, looping: Looping Constructs.
-* commands, pipelines: Pipelines.
-* commands, shell: Shell Commands.
-* commands, simple: Simple Commands.
-* comments, shell: Comments.
+ (line 6)
+* commands, grouping: Command Grouping. (line 6)
+* commands, lists: Lists. (line 6)
+* commands, looping: Looping Constructs. (line 6)
+* commands, pipelines: Pipelines. (line 6)
+* commands, shell: Shell Commands. (line 6)
+* commands, simple: Simple Commands. (line 6)
+* comments, shell: Comments. (line 6)
* completion builtins: Programmable Completion Builtins.
-* configuration: Basic Installation.
-* control operator: Definitions.
-* directory stack: The Directory Stack.
+ (line 6)
+* configuration: Basic Installation. (line 6)
+* control operator: Definitions. (line 20)
+* directory stack: The Directory Stack. (line 6)
* editing command lines: Readline Bare Essentials.
-* environment: Environment.
-* evaluation, arithmetic: Shell Arithmetic.
-* event designators: Event Designators.
+ (line 6)
+* environment: Environment. (line 6)
+* evaluation, arithmetic: Shell Arithmetic. (line 6)
+* event designators: Event Designators. (line 6)
* execution environment: Command Execution Environment.
-* exit status <1>: Exit Status.
-* exit status: Definitions.
-* expansion: Shell Expansions.
+ (line 6)
+* exit status <1>: Exit Status. (line 6)
+* exit status: Definitions. (line 24)
+* expansion: Shell Expansions. (line 6)
* expansion, arithmetic: Arithmetic Expansion.
-* expansion, brace: Brace Expansion.
-* expansion, filename: Filename Expansion.
+ (line 6)
+* expansion, brace: Brace Expansion. (line 6)
+* expansion, filename: Filename Expansion. (line 9)
* expansion, parameter: Shell Parameter Expansion.
-* expansion, pathname: Filename Expansion.
-* expansion, tilde: Tilde Expansion.
-* expressions, arithmetic: Shell Arithmetic.
+ (line 6)
+* expansion, pathname: Filename Expansion. (line 9)
+* expansion, tilde: Tilde Expansion. (line 6)
+* expressions, arithmetic: Shell Arithmetic. (line 6)
* expressions, conditional: Bash Conditional Expressions.
+ (line 6)
* FDL, GNU Free Documentation License: GNU Free Documentation License.
-* field: Definitions.
-* filename: Definitions.
-* filename expansion: Filename Expansion.
-* foreground: Job Control Basics.
-* functions, shell: Shell Functions.
+ (line 6)
+* field: Definitions. (line 28)
+* filename: Definitions. (line 33)
+* filename expansion: Filename Expansion. (line 9)
+* foreground: Job Control Basics. (line 6)
+* functions, shell: Shell Functions. (line 6)
* history builtins: Bash History Builtins.
-* history events: Event Designators.
-* history expansion: History Interaction.
+ (line 6)
+* history events: Event Designators. (line 7)
+* history expansion: History Interaction. (line 6)
* history list: Bash History Facilities.
+ (line 6)
* History, how to use: Programmable Completion Builtins.
-* identifier: Definitions.
-* initialization file, readline: Readline Init File.
-* installation: Basic Installation.
+ (line 203)
+* identifier: Definitions. (line 49)
+* initialization file, readline: Readline Init File. (line 6)
+* installation: Basic Installation. (line 6)
* interaction, readline: Readline Interaction.
-* interactive shell <1>: Interactive Shells.
-* interactive shell: Invoking Bash.
-* internationalization: Locale Translation.
-* job: Definitions.
-* job control <1>: Definitions.
-* job control: Job Control Basics.
+ (line 6)
+* interactive shell <1>: Interactive Shells. (line 6)
+* interactive shell: Invoking Bash. (line 128)
+* internationalization: Locale Translation. (line 6)
+* job: Definitions. (line 36)
+* job control <1>: Definitions. (line 40)
+* job control: Job Control Basics. (line 6)
* kill ring: Readline Killing Commands.
+ (line 19)
* killing text: Readline Killing Commands.
-* localization: Locale Translation.
-* login shell: Invoking Bash.
-* matching, pattern: Pattern Matching.
-* metacharacter: Definitions.
-* name: Definitions.
-* native languages: Locale Translation.
+ (line 6)
+* localization: Locale Translation. (line 6)
+* login shell: Invoking Bash. (line 125)
+* matching, pattern: Pattern Matching. (line 6)
+* metacharacter: Definitions. (line 44)
+* name: Definitions. (line 49)
+* native languages: Locale Translation. (line 6)
* notation, readline: Readline Bare Essentials.
-* operator, shell: Definitions.
+ (line 6)
+* operator, shell: Definitions. (line 55)
* parameter expansion: Shell Parameter Expansion.
-* parameters: Shell Parameters.
+ (line 6)
+* parameters: Shell Parameters. (line 6)
* parameters, positional: Positional Parameters.
-* parameters, special: Special Parameters.
-* pathname expansion: Filename Expansion.
-* pattern matching: Pattern Matching.
-* pipeline: Pipelines.
-* POSIX: Definitions.
-* POSIX Mode: Bash POSIX Mode.
-* process group: Definitions.
-* process group ID: Definitions.
+ (line 6)
+* parameters, special: Special Parameters. (line 6)
+* pathname expansion: Filename Expansion. (line 9)
+* pattern matching: Pattern Matching. (line 6)
+* pipeline: Pipelines. (line 6)
+* POSIX: Definitions. (line 9)
+* POSIX Mode: Bash POSIX Mode. (line 6)
+* process group: Definitions. (line 59)
+* process group ID: Definitions. (line 63)
* process substitution: Process Substitution.
+ (line 6)
* programmable completion: Programmable Completion.
-* prompting: Printing a Prompt.
-* quoting: Quoting.
-* quoting, ANSI: ANSI-C Quoting.
+ (line 6)
+* prompting: Printing a Prompt. (line 6)
+* quoting: Quoting. (line 6)
+* quoting, ANSI: ANSI-C Quoting. (line 6)
* Readline, how to use: Job Control Variables.
-* redirection: Redirections.
-* reserved word: Definitions.
+ (line 24)
+* redirection: Redirections. (line 6)
+* reserved word: Definitions. (line 67)
* restricted shell: The Restricted Shell.
-* return status: Definitions.
-* shell arithmetic: Shell Arithmetic.
-* shell function: Shell Functions.
-* shell script: Shell Scripts.
-* shell variable: Shell Parameters.
-* shell, interactive: Interactive Shells.
-* signal: Definitions.
-* signal handling: Signals.
-* special builtin <1>: Definitions.
-* special builtin: Special Builtins.
-* startup files: Bash Startup Files.
-* suspending jobs: Job Control Basics.
-* tilde expansion: Tilde Expansion.
-* token: Definitions.
-* translation, native languages: Locale Translation.
-* variable, shell: Shell Parameters.
+ (line 6)
+* return status: Definitions. (line 72)
+* shell arithmetic: Shell Arithmetic. (line 6)
+* shell function: Shell Functions. (line 6)
+* shell script: Shell Scripts. (line 6)
+* shell variable: Shell Parameters. (line 6)
+* shell, interactive: Interactive Shells. (line 6)
+* signal: Definitions. (line 75)
+* signal handling: Signals. (line 6)
+* special builtin <1>: Definitions. (line 79)
+* special builtin: Special Builtins. (line 6)
+* startup files: Bash Startup Files. (line 6)
+* suspending jobs: Job Control Basics. (line 6)
+* tilde expansion: Tilde Expansion. (line 6)
+* token: Definitions. (line 83)
+* translation, native languages: Locale Translation. (line 6)
+* variable, shell: Shell Parameters. (line 6)
* variables, readline: Readline Init File Syntax.
-* word: Definitions.
-* word splitting: Word Splitting.
+ (line 33)
+* word: Definitions. (line 87)
+* word splitting: Word Splitting. (line 6)
* yanking text: Readline Killing Commands.
+ (line 6)
\1f
Tag Table:
-Node: Top\7f1357
-Node: Introduction\7f3504
-Node: What is Bash?\7f3729
-Node: What is a shell?\7f4817
-Node: Definitions\7f7353
-Node: Basic Shell Features\7f10093
-Node: Shell Syntax\7f11311
-Node: Shell Operation\7f12335
-Node: Quoting\7f13620
-Node: Escape Character\7f14882
-Node: Single Quotes\7f15354
-Node: Double Quotes\7f15689
-Node: ANSI-C Quoting\7f16702
-Node: Locale Translation\7f17645
-Node: Comments\7f18528
-Node: Shell Commands\7f19133
-Node: Simple Commands\7f19894
-Node: Pipelines\7f20515
-Node: Lists\7f22381
-Node: Compound Commands\7f24003
-Node: Looping Constructs\7f24775
-Node: Conditional Constructs\7f27208
-Node: Command Grouping\7f34260
-Node: Shell Functions\7f35696
-Node: Shell Parameters\7f39958
-Node: Positional Parameters\7f41529
-Node: Special Parameters\7f42420
-Node: Shell Expansions\7f45078
-Node: Brace Expansion\7f46998
-Node: Tilde Expansion\7f49314
-Node: Shell Parameter Expansion\7f51645
-Node: Command Substitution\7f58898
-Node: Arithmetic Expansion\7f60220
-Node: Process Substitution\7f61061
-Node: Word Splitting\7f62098
-Node: Filename Expansion\7f63550
-Node: Pattern Matching\7f65674
-Node: Quote Removal\7f68995
-Node: Redirections\7f69281
-Node: Executing Commands\7f76755
-Node: Simple Command Expansion\7f77422
-Node: Command Search and Execution\7f79343
-Node: Command Execution Environment\7f81340
-Node: Environment\7f84102
-Node: Exit Status\7f85753
-Node: Signals\7f86948
-Node: Shell Scripts\7f88903
-Node: Shell Builtin Commands\7f91414
-Node: Bourne Shell Builtins\7f92989
-Node: Bash Builtins\7f109937
-Node: The Set Builtin\7f138054
-Node: Special Builtins\7f146272
-Node: Shell Variables\7f147244
-Node: Bourne Shell Variables\7f147680
-Node: Bash Variables\7f149656
-Node: Bash Features\7f169365
-Node: Invoking Bash\7f170247
-Node: Bash Startup Files\7f176056
-Node: Interactive Shells\7f180926
-Node: What is an Interactive Shell?\7f181328
-Node: Is this Shell Interactive?\7f181969
-Node: Interactive Shell Behavior\7f182775
-Node: Bash Conditional Expressions\7f186042
-Node: Shell Arithmetic\7f189461
-Node: Aliases\7f192201
-Node: Arrays\7f194764
-Node: The Directory Stack\7f197784
-Node: Directory Stack Builtins\7f198490
-Node: Printing a Prompt\7f201368
-Node: The Restricted Shell\7f204077
-Node: Bash POSIX Mode\7f205902
-Node: Job Control\7f212548
-Node: Job Control Basics\7f213014
-Node: Job Control Builtins\7f217299
-Node: Job Control Variables\7f221610
-Node: Command Line Editing\7f222759
-Node: Introduction and Notation\7f223757
-Node: Readline Interaction\7f225374
-Node: Readline Bare Essentials\7f226560
-Node: Readline Movement Commands\7f228340
-Node: Readline Killing Commands\7f229296
-Node: Readline Arguments\7f231204
-Node: Searching\7f232239
-Node: Readline Init File\7f234416
-Node: Readline Init File Syntax\7f235470
-Node: Conditional Init Constructs\7f247111
-Node: Sample Init File\7f249635
-Node: Bindable Readline Commands\7f252818
-Node: Commands For Moving\7f254017
-Node: Commands For History\7f254865
-Node: Commands For Text\7f257753
-Node: Commands For Killing\7f260413
-Node: Numeric Arguments\7f262543
-Node: Commands For Completion\7f263670
-Node: Keyboard Macros\7f267250
-Node: Miscellaneous Commands\7f267808
-Node: Readline vi Mode\7f273106
-Node: Programmable Completion\7f274015
-Node: Programmable Completion Builtins\7f279822
-Node: Using History Interactively\7f287183
-Node: Bash History Facilities\7f287862
-Node: Bash History Builtins\7f290552
-Node: History Interaction\7f294402
-Node: Event Designators\7f296953
-Node: Word Designators\7f297956
-Node: Modifiers\7f299585
-Node: Installing Bash\7f300981
-Node: Basic Installation\7f302115
-Node: Compilers and Options\7f304800
-Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures\7f305534
-Node: Installation Names\7f307191
-Node: Specifying the System Type\7f308002
-Node: Sharing Defaults\7f308711
-Node: Operation Controls\7f309376
-Node: Optional Features\7f310327
-Node: Reporting Bugs\7f318598
-Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell\7f319773
-Node: Copying This Manual\7f335521
-Node: GNU Free Documentation License\7f335775
-Node: Builtin Index\7f358168
-Node: Reserved Word Index\7f361795
-Node: Variable Index\7f363271
-Node: Function Index\7f370321
-Node: Concept Index\7f374934
+Node: Top\7f1349
+Node: Introduction\7f3485
+Node: What is Bash?\7f3714
+Node: What is a shell?\7f4807
+Node: Definitions\7f7348
+Node: Basic Shell Features\7f10089
+Node: Shell Syntax\7f11308
+Node: Shell Operation\7f12340
+Node: Quoting\7f13634
+Node: Escape Character\7f14908
+Node: Single Quotes\7f15393
+Node: Double Quotes\7f15741
+Node: ANSI-C Quoting\7f16767
+Node: Locale Translation\7f17723
+Node: Comments\7f18619
+Node: Shell Commands\7f19233
+Node: Simple Commands\7f19999
+Node: Pipelines\7f20630
+Node: Lists\7f22505
+Node: Compound Commands\7f24136
+Node: Looping Constructs\7f24920
+Node: Conditional Constructs\7f27367
+Node: Command Grouping\7f34434
+Node: Shell Functions\7f35883
+Node: Shell Parameters\7f40151
+Node: Positional Parameters\7f41732
+Node: Special Parameters\7f42632
+Node: Shell Expansions\7f45299
+Node: Brace Expansion\7f47224
+Node: Tilde Expansion\7f49549
+Node: Shell Parameter Expansion\7f51890
+Node: Command Substitution\7f59153
+Node: Arithmetic Expansion\7f60486
+Node: Process Substitution\7f61336
+Node: Word Splitting\7f62386
+Node: Filename Expansion\7f63847
+Node: Pattern Matching\7f65983
+Node: Quote Removal\7f69316
+Node: Redirections\7f69611
+Node: Executing Commands\7f77190
+Node: Simple Command Expansion\7f77865
+Node: Command Search and Execution\7f79795
+Node: Command Execution Environment\7f81801
+Node: Environment\7f84572
+Node: Exit Status\7f86232
+Node: Signals\7f87436
+Node: Shell Scripts\7f89400
+Node: Shell Builtin Commands\7f91918
+Node: Bourne Shell Builtins\7f93497
+Node: Bash Builtins\7f110450
+Node: The Set Builtin\7f138577
+Node: Special Builtins\7f146800
+Node: Shell Variables\7f147777
+Node: Bourne Shell Variables\7f148217
+Node: Bash Variables\7f150198
+Node: Bash Features\7f169913
+Node: Invoking Bash\7f170796
+Node: Bash Startup Files\7f176615
+Node: Interactive Shells\7f181473
+Node: What is an Interactive Shell?\7f181883
+Node: Is this Shell Interactive?\7f182533
+Node: Interactive Shell Behavior\7f183348
+Node: Bash Conditional Expressions\7f186624
+Node: Shell Arithmetic\7f190049
+Node: Aliases\7f192794
+Node: Arrays\7f195362
+Node: The Directory Stack\7f198393
+Node: Directory Stack Builtins\7f199107
+Node: Printing a Prompt\7f201998
+Node: The Restricted Shell\7f204712
+Node: Bash POSIX Mode\7f206544
+Node: Job Control\7f213197
+Node: Job Control Basics\7f213664
+Node: Job Control Builtins\7f217954
+Node: Job Control Variables\7f222274
+Node: Command Line Editing\7f223432
+Node: Introduction and Notation\7f224431
+Node: Readline Interaction\7f226053
+Node: Readline Bare Essentials\7f227244
+Node: Readline Movement Commands\7f229033
+Node: Readline Killing Commands\7f229998
+Node: Readline Arguments\7f231918
+Node: Searching\7f232962
+Node: Readline Init File\7f235148
+Node: Readline Init File Syntax\7f236207
+Node: Conditional Init Constructs\7f247860
+Node: Sample Init File\7f250393
+Node: Bindable Readline Commands\7f253510
+Node: Commands For Moving\7f254717
+Node: Commands For History\7f255578
+Node: Commands For Text\7f258479
+Node: Commands For Killing\7f261152
+Node: Numeric Arguments\7f263294
+Node: Commands For Completion\7f264433
+Node: Keyboard Macros\7f268026
+Node: Miscellaneous Commands\7f268597
+Node: Readline vi Mode\7f273908
+Node: Programmable Completion\7f274822
+Node: Programmable Completion Builtins\7f280634
+Node: Using History Interactively\7f288004
+Node: Bash History Facilities\7f288684
+Node: Bash History Builtins\7f291379
+Node: History Interaction\7f295236
+Node: Event Designators\7f297792
+Node: Word Designators\7f298807
+Node: Modifiers\7f300446
+Node: Installing Bash\7f301852
+Node: Basic Installation\7f302989
+Node: Compilers and Options\7f305681
+Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures\7f306422
+Node: Installation Names\7f308086
+Node: Specifying the System Type\7f308904
+Node: Sharing Defaults\7f309620
+Node: Operation Controls\7f310293
+Node: Optional Features\7f311251
+Node: Reporting Bugs\7f319530
+Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell\7f320724
+Node: Copying This Manual\7f336496
+Node: GNU Free Documentation License\7f336772
+Node: Builtin Index\7f359178
+Node: Reserved Word Index\7f365727
+Node: Variable Index\7f368163
+Node: Function Index\7f378882
+Node: Concept Index\7f385602
\1f
End Tag Table
+++ /dev/null
-texinfo.tex.20030205
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+% texinfo.tex -- TeX macros to handle Texinfo files.
+%
+% Load plain if necessary, i.e., if running under initex.
+\expandafter\ifx\csname fmtname\endcsname\relax\input plain\fi
+%
+\def\texinfoversion{2003-02-03.16}
+%
+% Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995,
+% 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+%
+% This texinfo.tex file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+% modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
+% published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at
+% your option) any later version.
+%
+% This texinfo.tex file is distributed in the hope that it will be
+% useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty
+% of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+% General Public License for more details.
+%
+% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+% along with this texinfo.tex file; see the file COPYING. If not, write
+% to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
+% Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
+%
+% In other words, you are welcome to use, share and improve this program.
+% You are forbidden to forbid anyone else to use, share and improve
+% what you give them. Help stamp out software-hoarding!
+%
+% Please try the latest version of texinfo.tex before submitting bug
+% reports; you can get the latest version from:
+% ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/texinfo/texinfo.tex
+% (and all GNU mirrors, see http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html)
+% ftp://tug.org/tex/texinfo.tex
+% (and all CTAN mirrors, see http://www.ctan.org),
+% and /home/gd/gnu/doc/texinfo.tex on the GNU machines.
+%
+% The GNU Texinfo home page is http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo.
+%
+% The texinfo.tex in any given Texinfo distribution could well be out
+% of date, so if that's what you're using, please check.
+%
+% Send bug reports to bug-texinfo@gnu.org. Please include including a
+% complete document in each bug report with which we can reproduce the
+% problem. Patches are, of course, greatly appreciated.
+%
+% To process a Texinfo manual with TeX, it's most reliable to use the
+% texi2dvi shell script that comes with the distribution. For a simple
+% manual foo.texi, however, you can get away with this:
+% tex foo.texi
+% texindex foo.??
+% tex foo.texi
+% tex foo.texi
+% dvips foo.dvi -o # or whatever; this makes foo.ps.
+% The extra TeX runs get the cross-reference information correct.
+% Sometimes one run after texindex suffices, and sometimes you need more
+% than two; texi2dvi does it as many times as necessary.
+%
+% It is possible to adapt texinfo.tex for other languages, to some
+% extent. You can get the existing language-specific files from the
+% full Texinfo distribution.
+
+\message{Loading texinfo [version \texinfoversion]:}
+
+% If in a .fmt file, print the version number
+% and turn on active characters that we couldn't do earlier because
+% they might have appeared in the input file name.
+\everyjob{\message{[Texinfo version \texinfoversion]}%
+ \catcode`+=\active \catcode`\_=\active}
+
+\message{Basics,}
+\chardef\other=12
+
+% We never want plain's outer \+ definition in Texinfo.
+% For @tex, we can use \tabalign.
+\let\+ = \relax
+
+% Save some parts of plain tex whose names we will redefine.
+\let\ptexb=\b
+\let\ptexbullet=\bullet
+\let\ptexc=\c
+\let\ptexcomma=\,
+\let\ptexdot=\.
+\let\ptexdots=\dots
+\let\ptexend=\end
+\let\ptexequiv=\equiv
+\let\ptexexclam=\!
+\let\ptexgtr=>
+\let\ptexhat=^
+\let\ptexi=\i
+\let\ptexlbrace=\{
+\let\ptexless=<
+\let\ptexplus=+
+\let\ptexrbrace=\}
+\let\ptexstar=\*
+\let\ptext=\t
+
+% If this character appears in an error message or help string, it
+% starts a new line in the output.
+\newlinechar = `^^J
+
+% Set up fixed words for English if not already set.
+\ifx\putwordAppendix\undefined \gdef\putwordAppendix{Appendix}\fi
+\ifx\putwordChapter\undefined \gdef\putwordChapter{Chapter}\fi
+\ifx\putwordfile\undefined \gdef\putwordfile{file}\fi
+\ifx\putwordin\undefined \gdef\putwordin{in}\fi
+\ifx\putwordIndexIsEmpty\undefined \gdef\putwordIndexIsEmpty{(Index is empty)}\fi
+\ifx\putwordIndexNonexistent\undefined \gdef\putwordIndexNonexistent{(Index is nonexistent)}\fi
+\ifx\putwordInfo\undefined \gdef\putwordInfo{Info}\fi
+\ifx\putwordInstanceVariableof\undefined \gdef\putwordInstanceVariableof{Instance Variable of}\fi
+\ifx\putwordMethodon\undefined \gdef\putwordMethodon{Method on}\fi
+\ifx\putwordNoTitle\undefined \gdef\putwordNoTitle{No Title}\fi
+\ifx\putwordof\undefined \gdef\putwordof{of}\fi
+\ifx\putwordon\undefined \gdef\putwordon{on}\fi
+\ifx\putwordpage\undefined \gdef\putwordpage{page}\fi
+\ifx\putwordsection\undefined \gdef\putwordsection{section}\fi
+\ifx\putwordSection\undefined \gdef\putwordSection{Section}\fi
+\ifx\putwordsee\undefined \gdef\putwordsee{see}\fi
+\ifx\putwordSee\undefined \gdef\putwordSee{See}\fi
+\ifx\putwordShortTOC\undefined \gdef\putwordShortTOC{Short Contents}\fi
+\ifx\putwordTOC\undefined \gdef\putwordTOC{Table of Contents}\fi
+%
+\ifx\putwordMJan\undefined \gdef\putwordMJan{January}\fi
+\ifx\putwordMFeb\undefined \gdef\putwordMFeb{February}\fi
+\ifx\putwordMMar\undefined \gdef\putwordMMar{March}\fi
+\ifx\putwordMApr\undefined \gdef\putwordMApr{April}\fi
+\ifx\putwordMMay\undefined \gdef\putwordMMay{May}\fi
+\ifx\putwordMJun\undefined \gdef\putwordMJun{June}\fi
+\ifx\putwordMJul\undefined \gdef\putwordMJul{July}\fi
+\ifx\putwordMAug\undefined \gdef\putwordMAug{August}\fi
+\ifx\putwordMSep\undefined \gdef\putwordMSep{September}\fi
+\ifx\putwordMOct\undefined \gdef\putwordMOct{October}\fi
+\ifx\putwordMNov\undefined \gdef\putwordMNov{November}\fi
+\ifx\putwordMDec\undefined \gdef\putwordMDec{December}\fi
+%
+\ifx\putwordDefmac\undefined \gdef\putwordDefmac{Macro}\fi
+\ifx\putwordDefspec\undefined \gdef\putwordDefspec{Special Form}\fi
+\ifx\putwordDefvar\undefined \gdef\putwordDefvar{Variable}\fi
+\ifx\putwordDefopt\undefined \gdef\putwordDefopt{User Option}\fi
+\ifx\putwordDeftypevar\undefined\gdef\putwordDeftypevar{Variable}\fi
+\ifx\putwordDeffunc\undefined \gdef\putwordDeffunc{Function}\fi
+\ifx\putwordDeftypefun\undefined\gdef\putwordDeftypefun{Function}\fi
+
+% In some macros, we cannot use the `\? notation---the left quote is
+% in some cases the escape char.
+\chardef\colonChar = `\:
+\chardef\commaChar = `\,
+\chardef\dotChar = `\.
+\chardef\equalChar = `\=
+\chardef\exclamChar= `\!
+\chardef\questChar = `\?
+\chardef\semiChar = `\;
+\chardef\spaceChar = `\ %
+\chardef\underChar = `\_
+
+% Ignore a token.
+%
+\def\gobble#1{}
+
+% True if #1 is the empty string, i.e., called like `\ifempty{}'.
+%
+\def\ifempty#1{\ifemptyx #1\emptymarkA\emptymarkB}%
+\def\ifemptyx#1#2\emptymarkB{\ifx #1\emptymarkA}%
+
+% Hyphenation fixes.
+\hyphenation{ap-pen-dix}
+\hyphenation{mini-buf-fer mini-buf-fers}
+\hyphenation{eshell}
+\hyphenation{white-space}
+
+% Margin to add to right of even pages, to left of odd pages.
+\newdimen\bindingoffset
+\newdimen\normaloffset
+\newdimen\pagewidth \newdimen\pageheight
+
+% Sometimes it is convenient to have everything in the transcript file
+% and nothing on the terminal. We don't just call \tracingall here,
+% since that produces some useless output on the terminal. We also make
+% some effort to order the tracing commands to reduce output in the log
+% file; cf. trace.sty in LaTeX.
+%
+\def\gloggingall{\begingroup \globaldefs = 1 \loggingall \endgroup}%
+\def\loggingall{%
+ \tracingstats2
+ \tracingpages1
+ \tracinglostchars2 % 2 gives us more in etex
+ \tracingparagraphs1
+ \tracingoutput1
+ \tracingmacros2
+ \tracingrestores1
+ \showboxbreadth\maxdimen \showboxdepth\maxdimen
+ \ifx\eTeXversion\undefined\else % etex gives us more logging
+ \tracingscantokens1
+ \tracingifs1
+ \tracinggroups1
+ \tracingnesting2
+ \tracingassigns1
+ \fi
+ \tracingcommands3 % 3 gives us more in etex
+ \errorcontextlines\maxdimen
+}%
+
+% add check for \lastpenalty to plain's definitions. If the last thing
+% we did was a \nobreak, we don't want to insert more space.
+%
+\def\smallbreak{\ifnum\lastpenalty<10000\par\ifdim\lastskip<\smallskipamount
+ \removelastskip\penalty-50\smallskip\fi\fi}
+\def\medbreak{\ifnum\lastpenalty<10000\par\ifdim\lastskip<\medskipamount
+ \removelastskip\penalty-100\medskip\fi\fi}
+\def\bigbreak{\ifnum\lastpenalty<10000\par\ifdim\lastskip<\bigskipamount
+ \removelastskip\penalty-200\bigskip\fi\fi}
+
+% For @cropmarks command.
+% Do @cropmarks to get crop marks.
+%
+\newif\ifcropmarks
+\let\cropmarks = \cropmarkstrue
+%
+% Dimensions to add cropmarks at corners.
+% Added by P. A. MacKay, 12 Nov. 1986
+%
+\newdimen\outerhsize \newdimen\outervsize % set by the paper size routines
+\newdimen\cornerlong \cornerlong=1pc
+\newdimen\cornerthick \cornerthick=.3pt
+\newdimen\topandbottommargin \topandbottommargin=.75in
+
+% Main output routine.
+\chardef\PAGE = 255
+\output = {\onepageout{\pagecontents\PAGE}}
+
+\newbox\headlinebox
+\newbox\footlinebox
+
+% \onepageout takes a vbox as an argument. Note that \pagecontents
+% does insertions, but you have to call it yourself.
+\def\onepageout#1{%
+ \ifcropmarks \hoffset=0pt \else \hoffset=\normaloffset \fi
+ %
+ \ifodd\pageno \advance\hoffset by \bindingoffset
+ \else \advance\hoffset by -\bindingoffset\fi
+ %
+ % Do this outside of the \shipout so @code etc. will be expanded in
+ % the headline as they should be, not taken literally (outputting ''code).
+ \setbox\headlinebox = \vbox{\let\hsize=\pagewidth \makeheadline}%
+ \setbox\footlinebox = \vbox{\let\hsize=\pagewidth \makefootline}%
+ %
+ {%
+ % Have to do this stuff outside the \shipout because we want it to
+ % take effect in \write's, yet the group defined by the \vbox ends
+ % before the \shipout runs.
+ %
+ \escapechar = `\\ % use backslash in output files.
+ \indexdummies % don't expand commands in the output.
+ \normalturnoffactive % \ in index entries must not stay \, e.g., if
+ % the page break happens to be in the middle of an example.
+ \shipout\vbox{%
+ % Do this early so pdf references go to the beginning of the page.
+ \ifpdfmakepagedest \pdfmkdest{\the\pageno} \fi
+ %
+ \ifcropmarks \vbox to \outervsize\bgroup
+ \hsize = \outerhsize
+ \vskip-\topandbottommargin
+ \vtop to0pt{%
+ \line{\ewtop\hfil\ewtop}%
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \line{%
+ \vbox{\moveleft\cornerthick\nstop}%
+ \hfill
+ \vbox{\moveright\cornerthick\nstop}%
+ }%
+ \vss}%
+ \vskip\topandbottommargin
+ \line\bgroup
+ \hfil % center the page within the outer (page) hsize.
+ \ifodd\pageno\hskip\bindingoffset\fi
+ \vbox\bgroup
+ \fi
+ %
+ \unvbox\headlinebox
+ \pagebody{#1}%
+ \ifdim\ht\footlinebox > 0pt
+ % Only leave this space if the footline is nonempty.
+ % (We lessened \vsize for it in \oddfootingxxx.)
+ % The \baselineskip=24pt in plain's \makefootline has no effect.
+ \vskip 2\baselineskip
+ \unvbox\footlinebox
+ \fi
+ %
+ \ifcropmarks
+ \egroup % end of \vbox\bgroup
+ \hfil\egroup % end of (centering) \line\bgroup
+ \vskip\topandbottommargin plus1fill minus1fill
+ \boxmaxdepth = \cornerthick
+ \vbox to0pt{\vss
+ \line{%
+ \vbox{\moveleft\cornerthick\nsbot}%
+ \hfill
+ \vbox{\moveright\cornerthick\nsbot}%
+ }%
+ \nointerlineskip
+ \line{\ewbot\hfil\ewbot}%
+ }%
+ \egroup % \vbox from first cropmarks clause
+ \fi
+ }% end of \shipout\vbox
+ }% end of group with \normalturnoffactive
+ \advancepageno
+ \ifnum\outputpenalty>-20000 \else\dosupereject\fi
+}
+
+\newinsert\margin \dimen\margin=\maxdimen
+
+\def\pagebody#1{\vbox to\pageheight{\boxmaxdepth=\maxdepth #1}}
+{\catcode`\@ =11
+\gdef\pagecontents#1{\ifvoid\topins\else\unvbox\topins\fi
+% marginal hacks, juha@viisa.uucp (Juha Takala)
+\ifvoid\margin\else % marginal info is present
+ \rlap{\kern\hsize\vbox to\z@{\kern1pt\box\margin \vss}}\fi
+\dimen@=\dp#1 \unvbox#1
+\ifvoid\footins\else\vskip\skip\footins\footnoterule \unvbox\footins\fi
+\ifr@ggedbottom \kern-\dimen@ \vfil \fi}
+}
+
+% Here are the rules for the cropmarks. Note that they are
+% offset so that the space between them is truly \outerhsize or \outervsize
+% (P. A. MacKay, 12 November, 1986)
+%
+\def\ewtop{\vrule height\cornerthick depth0pt width\cornerlong}
+\def\nstop{\vbox
+ {\hrule height\cornerthick depth\cornerlong width\cornerthick}}
+\def\ewbot{\vrule height0pt depth\cornerthick width\cornerlong}
+\def\nsbot{\vbox
+ {\hrule height\cornerlong depth\cornerthick width\cornerthick}}
+
+% Parse an argument, then pass it to #1. The argument is the rest of
+% the input line (except we remove a trailing comment). #1 should be a
+% macro which expects an ordinary undelimited TeX argument.
+%
+\def\parsearg#1{%
+ \let\next = #1%
+ \begingroup
+ \obeylines
+ \futurelet\temp\parseargx
+}
+
+% If the next token is an obeyed space (from an @example environment or
+% the like), remove it and recurse. Otherwise, we're done.
+\def\parseargx{%
+ % \obeyedspace is defined far below, after the definition of \sepspaces.
+ \ifx\obeyedspace\temp
+ \expandafter\parseargdiscardspace
+ \else
+ \expandafter\parseargline
+ \fi
+}
+
+% Remove a single space (as the delimiter token to the macro call).
+{\obeyspaces %
+ \gdef\parseargdiscardspace {\futurelet\temp\parseargx}}
+
+{\obeylines %
+ \gdef\parseargline#1^^M{%
+ \endgroup % End of the group started in \parsearg.
+ %
+ % First remove any @c comment, then any @comment.
+ % Result of each macro is put in \toks0.
+ \argremovec #1\c\relax %
+ \expandafter\argremovecomment \the\toks0 \comment\relax %
+ %
+ % Call the caller's macro, saved as \next in \parsearg.
+ \expandafter\next\expandafter{\the\toks0}%
+ }%
+}
+
+% Since all \c{,omment} does is throw away the argument, we can let TeX
+% do that for us. The \relax here is matched by the \relax in the call
+% in \parseargline; it could be more or less anything, its purpose is
+% just to delimit the argument to the \c.
+\def\argremovec#1\c#2\relax{\toks0 = {#1}}
+\def\argremovecomment#1\comment#2\relax{\toks0 = {#1}}
+
+% \argremovec{,omment} might leave us with trailing spaces, though; e.g.,
+% @end itemize @c foo
+% will have two active spaces as part of the argument with the
+% `itemize'. Here we remove all active spaces from #1, and assign the
+% result to \toks0.
+%
+% This loses if there are any *other* active characters besides spaces
+% in the argument -- _ ^ +, for example -- since they get expanded.
+% Fortunately, Texinfo does not define any such commands. (If it ever
+% does, the catcode of the characters in questionwill have to be changed
+% here.) But this means we cannot call \removeactivespaces as part of
+% \argremovec{,omment}, since @c uses \parsearg, and thus the argument
+% that \parsearg gets might well have any character at all in it.
+%
+\def\removeactivespaces#1{%
+ \begingroup
+ \ignoreactivespaces
+ \edef\temp{#1}%
+ \global\toks0 = \expandafter{\temp}%
+ \endgroup
+}
+
+% Change the active space to expand to nothing.
+%
+\begingroup
+ \obeyspaces
+ \gdef\ignoreactivespaces{\obeyspaces\let =\empty}
+\endgroup
+
+
+\def\flushcr{\ifx\par\lisppar \def\next##1{}\else \let\next=\relax \fi \next}
+
+%% These are used to keep @begin/@end levels from running away
+%% Call \inENV within environments (after a \begingroup)
+\newif\ifENV \ENVfalse \def\inENV{\ifENV\relax\else\ENVtrue\fi}
+\def\ENVcheck{%
+\ifENV\errmessage{Still within an environment; press RETURN to continue}
+\endgroup\fi} % This is not perfect, but it should reduce lossage
+
+% @begin foo is the same as @foo, for now.
+\newhelp\EMsimple{Press RETURN to continue.}
+
+\outer\def\begin{\parsearg\beginxxx}
+
+\def\beginxxx #1{%
+\expandafter\ifx\csname #1\endcsname\relax
+{\errhelp=\EMsimple \errmessage{Undefined command @begin #1}}\else
+\csname #1\endcsname\fi}
+
+% @end foo executes the definition of \Efoo.
+%
+\def\end{\parsearg\endxxx}
+\def\endxxx #1{%
+ \removeactivespaces{#1}%
+ \edef\endthing{\the\toks0}%
+ %
+ \expandafter\ifx\csname E\endthing\endcsname\relax
+ \expandafter\ifx\csname \endthing\endcsname\relax
+ % There's no \foo, i.e., no ``environment'' foo.
+ \errhelp = \EMsimple
+ \errmessage{Undefined command `@end \endthing'}%
+ \else
+ \unmatchedenderror\endthing
+ \fi
+ \else
+ % Everything's ok; the right environment has been started.
+ \csname E\endthing\endcsname
+ \fi
+}
+
+% There is an environment #1, but it hasn't been started. Give an error.
+%
+\def\unmatchedenderror#1{%
+ \errhelp = \EMsimple
+ \errmessage{This `@end #1' doesn't have a matching `@#1'}%
+}
+
+% Define the control sequence \E#1 to give an unmatched @end error.
+%
+\def\defineunmatchedend#1{%
+ \expandafter\def\csname E#1\endcsname{\unmatchedenderror{#1}}%
+}
+
+
+%% Simple single-character @ commands
+
+% @@ prints an @
+% Kludge this until the fonts are right (grr).
+\def\@{{\tt\char64}}
+
+% This is turned off because it was never documented
+% and you can use @w{...} around a quote to suppress ligatures.
+%% Define @` and @' to be the same as ` and '
+%% but suppressing ligatures.
+%\def\`{{`}}
+%\def\'{{'}}
+
+% Used to generate quoted braces.
+\def\mylbrace {{\tt\char123}}
+\def\myrbrace {{\tt\char125}}
+\let\{=\mylbrace
+\let\}=\myrbrace
+\begingroup
+ % Definitions to produce \{ and \} commands for indices,
+ % and @{ and @} for the aux file.
+ \catcode`\{ = \other \catcode`\} = \other
+ \catcode`\[ = 1 \catcode`\] = 2
+ \catcode`\! = 0 \catcode`\\ = \other
+ !gdef!lbracecmd[\{]%
+ !gdef!rbracecmd[\}]%
+ !gdef!lbraceatcmd[@{]%
+ !gdef!rbraceatcmd[@}]%
+!endgroup
+
+% Accents: @, @dotaccent @ringaccent @ubaraccent @udotaccent
+% Others are defined by plain TeX: @` @' @" @^ @~ @= @u @v @H.
+\let\, = \c
+\let\dotaccent = \.
+\def\ringaccent#1{{\accent23 #1}}
+\let\tieaccent = \t
+\let\ubaraccent = \b
+\let\udotaccent = \d
+
+% Other special characters: @questiondown @exclamdown
+% Plain TeX defines: @AA @AE @O @OE @L (plus lowercase versions) @ss.
+\def\questiondown{?`}
+\def\exclamdown{!`}
+
+% Dotless i and dotless j, used for accents.
+\def\imacro{i}
+\def\jmacro{j}
+\def\dotless#1{%
+ \def\temp{#1}%
+ \ifx\temp\imacro \ptexi
+ \else\ifx\temp\jmacro \j
+ \else \errmessage{@dotless can be used only with i or j}%
+ \fi\fi
+}
+
+% Be sure we're in horizontal mode when doing a tie, since we make space
+% equivalent to this in @example-like environments. Otherwise, a space
+% at the beginning of a line will start with \penalty -- and
+% since \penalty is valid in vertical mode, we'd end up putting the
+% penalty on the vertical list instead of in the new paragraph.
+{\catcode`@ = 11
+ % Avoid using \@M directly, because that causes trouble
+ % if the definition is written into an index file.
+ \global\let\tiepenalty = \@M
+ \gdef\tie{\leavevmode\penalty\tiepenalty\ }
+}
+
+% @: forces normal size whitespace following.
+\def\:{\spacefactor=1000 }
+
+% @* forces a line break.
+\def\*{\hfil\break\hbox{}\ignorespaces}
+
+% @. is an end-of-sentence period.
+\def\.{.\spacefactor=3000 }
+
+% @! is an end-of-sentence bang.
+\def\!{!\spacefactor=3000 }
+
+% @? is an end-of-sentence query.
+\def\?{?\spacefactor=3000 }
+
+% @w prevents a word break. Without the \leavevmode, @w at the
+% beginning of a paragraph, when TeX is still in vertical mode, would
+% produce a whole line of output instead of starting the paragraph.
+\def\w#1{\leavevmode\hbox{#1}}
+
+% @group ... @end group forces ... to be all on one page, by enclosing
+% it in a TeX vbox. We use \vtop instead of \vbox to construct the box
+% to keep its height that of a normal line. According to the rules for
+% \topskip (p.114 of the TeXbook), the glue inserted is
+% max (\topskip - \ht (first item), 0). If that height is large,
+% therefore, no glue is inserted, and the space between the headline and
+% the text is small, which looks bad.
+%
+% Another complication is that the group might be very large. This can
+% cause the glue on the previous page to be unduly stretched, because it
+% does not have much material. In this case, it's better to add an
+% explicit \vfill so that the extra space is at the bottom. The
+% threshold for doing this is if the group is more than \vfilllimit
+% percent of a page (\vfilllimit can be changed inside of @tex).
+%
+\newbox\groupbox
+\def\vfilllimit{0.7}
+%
+\def\group{\begingroup
+ \ifnum\catcode13=\active \else
+ \errhelp = \groupinvalidhelp
+ \errmessage{@group invalid in context where filling is enabled}%
+ \fi
+ %
+ % The \vtop we start below produces a box with normal height and large
+ % depth; thus, TeX puts \baselineskip glue before it, and (when the
+ % next line of text is done) \lineskip glue after it. (See p.82 of
+ % the TeXbook.) Thus, space below is not quite equal to space
+ % above. But it's pretty close.
+ \def\Egroup{%
+ \egroup % End the \vtop.
+ % \dimen0 is the vertical size of the group's box.
+ \dimen0 = \ht\groupbox \advance\dimen0 by \dp\groupbox
+ % \dimen2 is how much space is left on the page (more or less).
+ \dimen2 = \pageheight \advance\dimen2 by -\pagetotal
+ % if the group doesn't fit on the current page, and it's a big big
+ % group, force a page break.
+ \ifdim \dimen0 > \dimen2
+ \ifdim \pagetotal < \vfilllimit\pageheight
+ \page
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \copy\groupbox
+ \endgroup % End the \group.
+ }%
+ %
+ \setbox\groupbox = \vtop\bgroup
+ % We have to put a strut on the last line in case the @group is in
+ % the midst of an example, rather than completely enclosing it.
+ % Otherwise, the interline space between the last line of the group
+ % and the first line afterwards is too small. But we can't put the
+ % strut in \Egroup, since there it would be on a line by itself.
+ % Hence this just inserts a strut at the beginning of each line.
+ \everypar = {\strut}%
+ %
+ % Since we have a strut on every line, we don't need any of TeX's
+ % normal interline spacing.
+ \offinterlineskip
+ %
+ % OK, but now we have to do something about blank
+ % lines in the input in @example-like environments, which normally
+ % just turn into \lisppar, which will insert no space now that we've
+ % turned off the interline space. Simplest is to make them be an
+ % empty paragraph.
+ \ifx\par\lisppar
+ \edef\par{\leavevmode \par}%
+ %
+ % Reset ^^M's definition to new definition of \par.
+ \obeylines
+ \fi
+ %
+ % Do @comment since we are called inside an environment such as
+ % @example, where each end-of-line in the input causes an
+ % end-of-line in the output. We don't want the end-of-line after
+ % the `@group' to put extra space in the output. Since @group
+ % should appear on a line by itself (according to the Texinfo
+ % manual), we don't worry about eating any user text.
+ \comment
+}
+%
+% TeX puts in an \escapechar (i.e., `@') at the beginning of the help
+% message, so this ends up printing `@group can only ...'.
+%
+\newhelp\groupinvalidhelp{%
+group can only be used in environments such as @example,^^J%
+where each line of input produces a line of output.}
+
+% @need space-in-mils
+% forces a page break if there is not space-in-mils remaining.
+
+\newdimen\mil \mil=0.001in
+
+\def\need{\parsearg\needx}
+
+% Old definition--didn't work.
+%\def\needx #1{\par %
+%% This method tries to make TeX break the page naturally
+%% if the depth of the box does not fit.
+%{\baselineskip=0pt%
+%\vtop to #1\mil{\vfil}\kern -#1\mil\nobreak
+%\prevdepth=-1000pt
+%}}
+
+\def\needx#1{%
+ % Ensure vertical mode, so we don't make a big box in the middle of a
+ % paragraph.
+ \par
+ %
+ % If the @need value is less than one line space, it's useless.
+ \dimen0 = #1\mil
+ \dimen2 = \ht\strutbox
+ \advance\dimen2 by \dp\strutbox
+ \ifdim\dimen0 > \dimen2
+ %
+ % Do a \strut just to make the height of this box be normal, so the
+ % normal leading is inserted relative to the preceding line.
+ % And a page break here is fine.
+ \vtop to #1\mil{\strut\vfil}%
+ %
+ % TeX does not even consider page breaks if a penalty added to the
+ % main vertical list is 10000 or more. But in order to see if the
+ % empty box we just added fits on the page, we must make it consider
+ % page breaks. On the other hand, we don't want to actually break the
+ % page after the empty box. So we use a penalty of 9999.
+ %
+ % There is an extremely small chance that TeX will actually break the
+ % page at this \penalty, if there are no other feasible breakpoints in
+ % sight. (If the user is using lots of big @group commands, which
+ % almost-but-not-quite fill up a page, TeX will have a hard time doing
+ % good page breaking, for example.) However, I could not construct an
+ % example where a page broke at this \penalty; if it happens in a real
+ % document, then we can reconsider our strategy.
+ \penalty9999
+ %
+ % Back up by the size of the box, whether we did a page break or not.
+ \kern -#1\mil
+ %
+ % Do not allow a page break right after this kern.
+ \nobreak
+ \fi
+}
+
+% @br forces paragraph break
+
+\let\br = \par
+
+% @dots{} output an ellipsis using the current font.
+% We do .5em per period so that it has the same spacing in a typewriter
+% font as three actual period characters.
+%
+\def\dots{%
+ \leavevmode
+ \hbox to 1.5em{%
+ \hskip 0pt plus 0.25fil minus 0.25fil
+ .\hss.\hss.%
+ \hskip 0pt plus 0.5fil minus 0.5fil
+ }%
+}
+
+% @enddots{} is an end-of-sentence ellipsis.
+%
+\def\enddots{%
+ \leavevmode
+ \hbox to 2em{%
+ \hskip 0pt plus 0.25fil minus 0.25fil
+ .\hss.\hss.\hss.%
+ \hskip 0pt plus 0.5fil minus 0.5fil
+ }%
+ \spacefactor=3000
+}
+
+
+% @page forces the start of a new page
+%
+\def\page{\par\vfill\supereject}
+
+% @exdent text....
+% outputs text on separate line in roman font, starting at standard page margin
+
+% This records the amount of indent in the innermost environment.
+% That's how much \exdent should take out.
+\newskip\exdentamount
+
+% This defn is used inside fill environments such as @defun.
+\def\exdent{\parsearg\exdentyyy}
+\def\exdentyyy #1{{\hfil\break\hbox{\kern -\exdentamount{\rm#1}}\hfil\break}}
+
+% This defn is used inside nofill environments such as @example.
+\def\nofillexdent{\parsearg\nofillexdentyyy}
+\def\nofillexdentyyy #1{{\advance \leftskip by -\exdentamount
+\leftline{\hskip\leftskip{\rm#1}}}}
+
+% @inmargin{WHICH}{TEXT} puts TEXT in the WHICH margin next to the current
+% paragraph. For more general purposes, use the \margin insertion
+% class. WHICH is `l' or `r'.
+%
+\newskip\inmarginspacing \inmarginspacing=1cm
+\def\strutdepth{\dp\strutbox}
+%
+\def\doinmargin#1#2{\strut\vadjust{%
+ \nobreak
+ \kern-\strutdepth
+ \vtop to \strutdepth{%
+ \baselineskip=\strutdepth
+ \vss
+ % if you have multiple lines of stuff to put here, you'll need to
+ % make the vbox yourself of the appropriate size.
+ \ifx#1l%
+ \llap{\ignorespaces #2\hskip\inmarginspacing}%
+ \else
+ \rlap{\hskip\hsize \hskip\inmarginspacing \ignorespaces #2}%
+ \fi
+ \null
+ }%
+}}
+\def\inleftmargin{\doinmargin l}
+\def\inrightmargin{\doinmargin r}
+%
+% @inmargin{TEXT [, RIGHT-TEXT]}
+% (if RIGHT-TEXT is given, use TEXT for left page, RIGHT-TEXT for right;
+% else use TEXT for both).
+%
+\def\inmargin#1{\parseinmargin #1,,\finish}
+\def\parseinmargin#1,#2,#3\finish{% not perfect, but better than nothing.
+ \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}%
+ \ifdim\wd0 > 0pt
+ \def\lefttext{#1}% have both texts
+ \def\righttext{#2}%
+ \else
+ \def\lefttext{#1}% have only one text
+ \def\righttext{#1}%
+ \fi
+ %
+ \ifodd\pageno
+ \def\temp{\inrightmargin\righttext}% odd page -> outside is right margin
+ \else
+ \def\temp{\inleftmargin\lefttext}%
+ \fi
+ \temp
+}
+
+% @include file insert text of that file as input.
+% Allow normal characters that we make active in the argument (a file name).
+\def\include{\begingroup
+ \catcode`\\=\other
+ \catcode`~=\other
+ \catcode`^=\other
+ \catcode`_=\other
+ \catcode`|=\other
+ \catcode`<=\other
+ \catcode`>=\other
+ \catcode`+=\other
+ \parsearg\includezzz}
+% Restore active chars for included file.
+\def\includezzz#1{\endgroup\begingroup
+ % Read the included file in a group so nested @include's work.
+ \def\thisfile{#1}%
+ \let\value=\expandablevalue
+ \input\thisfile
+\endgroup}
+
+\def\thisfile{}
+
+% @center line
+% outputs that line, centered.
+%
+\def\center{\parsearg\docenter}
+\def\docenter#1{{%
+ \ifhmode \hfil\break \fi
+ \advance\hsize by -\leftskip
+ \advance\hsize by -\rightskip
+ \line{\hfil \ignorespaces#1\unskip \hfil}%
+ \ifhmode \break \fi
+}}
+
+% @sp n outputs n lines of vertical space
+
+\def\sp{\parsearg\spxxx}
+\def\spxxx #1{\vskip #1\baselineskip}
+
+% @comment ...line which is ignored...
+% @c is the same as @comment
+% @ignore ... @end ignore is another way to write a comment
+
+\def\comment{\begingroup \catcode`\^^M=\other%
+\catcode`\@=\other \catcode`\{=\other \catcode`\}=\other%
+\commentxxx}
+{\catcode`\^^M=\other \gdef\commentxxx#1^^M{\endgroup}}
+
+\let\c=\comment
+
+% @paragraphindent NCHARS
+% We'll use ems for NCHARS, close enough.
+% We cannot implement @paragraphindent asis, though.
+%
+\def\asisword{asis} % no translation, these are keywords
+\def\noneword{none}
+%
+\def\paragraphindent{\parsearg\doparagraphindent}
+\def\doparagraphindent#1{%
+ \def\temp{#1}%
+ \ifx\temp\asisword
+ \else
+ \ifx\temp\noneword
+ \defaultparindent = 0pt
+ \else
+ \defaultparindent = #1em
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \parindent = \defaultparindent
+}
+
+% @exampleindent NCHARS
+% We'll use ems for NCHARS like @paragraphindent.
+% It seems @exampleindent asis isn't necessary, but
+% I preserve it to make it similar to @paragraphindent.
+\def\exampleindent{\parsearg\doexampleindent}
+\def\doexampleindent#1{%
+ \def\temp{#1}%
+ \ifx\temp\asisword
+ \else
+ \ifx\temp\noneword
+ \lispnarrowing = 0pt
+ \else
+ \lispnarrowing = #1em
+ \fi
+ \fi
+}
+
+% @asis just yields its argument. Used with @table, for example.
+%
+\def\asis#1{#1}
+
+% @math outputs its argument in math mode.
+% We don't use $'s directly in the definition of \math because we need
+% to set catcodes according to plain TeX first, to allow for subscripts,
+% superscripts, special math chars, etc.
+%
+\let\implicitmath = $%$ font-lock fix
+%
+% One complication: _ usually means subscripts, but it could also mean
+% an actual _ character, as in @math{@var{some_variable} + 1}. So make
+% _ within @math be active (mathcode "8000), and distinguish by seeing
+% if the current family is \slfam, which is what @var uses.
+%
+{\catcode\underChar = \active
+\gdef\mathunderscore{%
+ \catcode\underChar=\active
+ \def_{\ifnum\fam=\slfam \_\else\sb\fi}%
+}}
+%
+% Another complication: we want \\ (and @\) to output a \ character.
+% FYI, plain.tex uses \\ as a temporary control sequence (why?), but
+% this is not advertised and we don't care. Texinfo does not
+% otherwise define @\.
+%
+% The \mathchar is class=0=ordinary, family=7=ttfam, position=5C=\.
+\def\mathbackslash{\ifnum\fam=\ttfam \mathchar"075C \else\backslash \fi}
+%
+\def\math{%
+ \tex
+ \mathcode`\_="8000 \mathunderscore
+ \let\\ = \mathbackslash
+ \mathactive
+ \implicitmath\finishmath}
+\def\finishmath#1{#1\implicitmath\Etex}
+
+% Some active characters (such as <) are spaced differently in math.
+% We have to reset their definitions in case the @math was an
+% argument to a command which set the catcodes (such as @item or @section).
+%
+{
+ \catcode`^ = \active
+ \catcode`< = \active
+ \catcode`> = \active
+ \catcode`+ = \active
+ \gdef\mathactive{%
+ \let^ = \ptexhat
+ \let< = \ptexless
+ \let> = \ptexgtr
+ \let+ = \ptexplus
+ }
+}
+
+% @bullet and @minus need the same treatment as @math, just above.
+\def\bullet{\implicitmath\ptexbullet\implicitmath}
+\def\minus{\implicitmath-\implicitmath}
+
+% @refill is a no-op.
+\let\refill=\relax
+
+% If working on a large document in chapters, it is convenient to
+% be able to disable indexing, cross-referencing, and contents, for test runs.
+% This is done with @novalidate (before @setfilename).
+%
+\newif\iflinks \linkstrue % by default we want the aux files.
+\let\novalidate = \linksfalse
+
+% @setfilename is done at the beginning of every texinfo file.
+% So open here the files we need to have open while reading the input.
+% This makes it possible to make a .fmt file for texinfo.
+\def\setfilename{%
+ \iflinks
+ \readauxfile
+ \fi % \openindices needs to do some work in any case.
+ \openindices
+ \fixbackslash % Turn off hack to swallow `\input texinfo'.
+ \global\let\setfilename=\comment % Ignore extra @setfilename cmds.
+ %
+ % If texinfo.cnf is present on the system, read it.
+ % Useful for site-wide @afourpaper, etc.
+ % Just to be on the safe side, close the input stream before the \input.
+ \openin 1 texinfo.cnf
+ \ifeof1 \let\temp=\relax \else \def\temp{\input texinfo.cnf }\fi
+ \closein1
+ \temp
+ %
+ \comment % Ignore the actual filename.
+}
+
+% Called from \setfilename.
+%
+\def\openindices{%
+ \newindex{cp}%
+ \newcodeindex{fn}%
+ \newcodeindex{vr}%
+ \newcodeindex{tp}%
+ \newcodeindex{ky}%
+ \newcodeindex{pg}%
+}
+
+% @bye.
+\outer\def\bye{\pagealignmacro\tracingstats=1\ptexend}
+
+
+\message{pdf,}
+% adobe `portable' document format
+\newcount\tempnum
+\newcount\lnkcount
+\newtoks\filename
+\newcount\filenamelength
+\newcount\pgn
+\newtoks\toksA
+\newtoks\toksB
+\newtoks\toksC
+\newtoks\toksD
+\newbox\boxA
+\newcount\countA
+\newif\ifpdf
+\newif\ifpdfmakepagedest
+
+\ifx\pdfoutput\undefined
+ \pdffalse
+ \let\pdfmkdest = \gobble
+ \let\pdfurl = \gobble
+ \let\endlink = \relax
+ \let\linkcolor = \relax
+ \let\pdfmakeoutlines = \relax
+\else
+ \pdftrue
+ \pdfoutput = 1
+ \input pdfcolor
+ \def\dopdfimage#1#2#3{%
+ \def\imagewidth{#2}%
+ \def\imageheight{#3}%
+ % without \immediate, pdftex seg faults when the same image is
+ % included twice. (Version 3.14159-pre-1.0-unofficial-20010704.)
+ \ifnum\pdftexversion < 14
+ \immediate\pdfimage
+ \else
+ \immediate\pdfximage
+ \fi
+ \ifx\empty\imagewidth\else width \imagewidth \fi
+ \ifx\empty\imageheight\else height \imageheight \fi
+ \ifnum\pdftexversion<13
+ #1.pdf%
+ \else
+ {#1.pdf}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\pdftexversion < 14 \else
+ \pdfrefximage \pdflastximage
+ \fi}
+ \def\pdfmkdest#1{{\normalturnoffactive \pdfdest name{#1} xyz}}
+ \def\pdfmkpgn#1{#1}
+ \let\linkcolor = \Blue % was Cyan, but that seems light?
+ \def\endlink{\Black\pdfendlink}
+ % Adding outlines to PDF; macros for calculating structure of outlines
+ % come from Petr Olsak
+ \def\expnumber#1{\expandafter\ifx\csname#1\endcsname\relax 0%
+ \else \csname#1\endcsname \fi}
+ \def\advancenumber#1{\tempnum=\expnumber{#1}\relax
+ \advance\tempnum by1
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname#1\endcsname{\the\tempnum}}
+ \def\pdfmakeoutlines{{%
+ \openin 1 \jobname.toc
+ \ifeof 1\else\begingroup
+ \closein 1
+ % Thanh's hack / proper braces in bookmarks
+ \edef\mylbrace{\iftrue \string{\else}\fi}\let\{=\mylbrace
+ \edef\myrbrace{\iffalse{\else\string}\fi}\let\}=\myrbrace
+ %
+ \def\chapentry ##1##2##3{}
+ \def\secentry ##1##2##3##4{\advancenumber{chap##2}}
+ \def\subsecentry ##1##2##3##4##5{\advancenumber{sec##2.##3}}
+ \def\subsubsecentry ##1##2##3##4##5##6{\advancenumber{subsec##2.##3.##4}}
+ \let\appendixentry = \chapentry
+ \let\unnumbchapentry = \chapentry
+ \let\unnumbsecentry = \secentry
+ \let\unnumbsubsecentry = \subsecentry
+ \let\unnumbsubsubsecentry = \subsubsecentry
+ \input \jobname.toc
+ \def\chapentry ##1##2##3{%
+ \pdfoutline goto name{\pdfmkpgn{##3}}count-\expnumber{chap##2}{##1}}
+ \def\secentry ##1##2##3##4{%
+ \pdfoutline goto name{\pdfmkpgn{##4}}count-\expnumber{sec##2.##3}{##1}}
+ \def\subsecentry ##1##2##3##4##5{%
+ \pdfoutline goto name{\pdfmkpgn{##5}}count-\expnumber{subsec##2.##3.##4}{##1}}
+ \def\subsubsecentry ##1##2##3##4##5##6{%
+ \pdfoutline goto name{\pdfmkpgn{##6}}{##1}}
+ \let\appendixentry = \chapentry
+ \let\unnumbchapentry = \chapentry
+ \let\unnumbsecentry = \secentry
+ \let\unnumbsubsecentry = \subsecentry
+ \let\unnumbsubsubsecentry = \subsubsecentry
+ %
+ % Make special characters normal for writing to the pdf file.
+ %
+ \indexnofonts
+ \let\tt=\relax
+ \turnoffactive
+ \input \jobname.toc
+ \endgroup\fi
+ }}
+ \def\makelinks #1,{%
+ \def\params{#1}\def\E{END}%
+ \ifx\params\E
+ \let\nextmakelinks=\relax
+ \else
+ \let\nextmakelinks=\makelinks
+ \ifnum\lnkcount>0,\fi
+ \picknum{#1}%
+ \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]}
+ goto name{\pdfmkpgn{\the\pgn}}%
+ \linkcolor #1%
+ \advance\lnkcount by 1%
+ \endlink
+ \fi
+ \nextmakelinks
+ }
+ \def\picknum#1{\expandafter\pn#1}
+ \def\pn#1{%
+ \def\p{#1}%
+ \ifx\p\lbrace
+ \let\nextpn=\ppn
+ \else
+ \let\nextpn=\ppnn
+ \def\first{#1}
+ \fi
+ \nextpn
+ }
+ \def\ppn#1{\pgn=#1\gobble}
+ \def\ppnn{\pgn=\first}
+ \def\pdfmklnk#1{\lnkcount=0\makelinks #1,END,}
+ \def\addtokens#1#2{\edef\addtoks{\noexpand#1={\the#1#2}}\addtoks}
+ \def\skipspaces#1{\def\PP{#1}\def\D{|}%
+ \ifx\PP\D\let\nextsp\relax
+ \else\let\nextsp\skipspaces
+ \ifx\p\space\else\addtokens{\filename}{\PP}%
+ \advance\filenamelength by 1
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \nextsp}
+ \def\getfilename#1{\filenamelength=0\expandafter\skipspaces#1|\relax}
+ \ifnum\pdftexversion < 14
+ \let \startlink \pdfannotlink
+ \else
+ \let \startlink \pdfstartlink
+ \fi
+ \def\pdfurl#1{%
+ \begingroup
+ \normalturnoffactive\def\@{@}%
+ \let\value=\expandablevalue
+ \leavevmode\Red
+ \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]}%
+ user{/Subtype /Link /A << /S /URI /URI (#1) >>}%
+ % #1
+ \endgroup}
+ \def\pdfgettoks#1.{\setbox\boxA=\hbox{\toksA={#1.}\toksB={}\maketoks}}
+ \def\addtokens#1#2{\edef\addtoks{\noexpand#1={\the#1#2}}\addtoks}
+ \def\adn#1{\addtokens{\toksC}{#1}\global\countA=1\let\next=\maketoks}
+ \def\poptoks#1#2|ENDTOKS|{\let\first=#1\toksD={#1}\toksA={#2}}
+ \def\maketoks{%
+ \expandafter\poptoks\the\toksA|ENDTOKS|
+ \ifx\first0\adn0
+ \else\ifx\first1\adn1 \else\ifx\first2\adn2 \else\ifx\first3\adn3
+ \else\ifx\first4\adn4 \else\ifx\first5\adn5 \else\ifx\first6\adn6
+ \else\ifx\first7\adn7 \else\ifx\first8\adn8 \else\ifx\first9\adn9
+ \else
+ \ifnum0=\countA\else\makelink\fi
+ \ifx\first.\let\next=\done\else
+ \let\next=\maketoks
+ \addtokens{\toksB}{\the\toksD}
+ \ifx\first,\addtokens{\toksB}{\space}\fi
+ \fi
+ \fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi
+ \next}
+ \def\makelink{\addtokens{\toksB}%
+ {\noexpand\pdflink{\the\toksC}}\toksC={}\global\countA=0}
+ \def\pdflink#1{%
+ \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]} goto name{\pdfmkpgn{#1}}
+ \linkcolor #1\endlink}
+ \def\done{\edef\st{\global\noexpand\toksA={\the\toksB}}\st}
+\fi % \ifx\pdfoutput
+
+
+\message{fonts,}
+% Font-change commands.
+
+% Texinfo sort of supports the sans serif font style, which plain TeX does not.
+% So we set up a \sf analogous to plain's \rm, etc.
+\newfam\sffam
+\def\sf{\fam=\sffam \tensf}
+\let\li = \sf % Sometimes we call it \li, not \sf.
+
+% We don't need math for this one.
+\def\ttsl{\tenttsl}
+
+% Default leading.
+\newdimen\textleading \textleading = 13.2pt
+
+% Set the baselineskip to #1, and the lineskip and strut size
+% correspondingly. There is no deep meaning behind these magic numbers
+% used as factors; they just match (closely enough) what Knuth defined.
+%
+\def\lineskipfactor{.08333}
+\def\strutheightpercent{.70833}
+\def\strutdepthpercent {.29167}
+%
+\def\setleading#1{%
+ \normalbaselineskip = #1\relax
+ \normallineskip = \lineskipfactor\normalbaselineskip
+ \normalbaselines
+ \setbox\strutbox =\hbox{%
+ \vrule width0pt height\strutheightpercent\baselineskip
+ depth \strutdepthpercent \baselineskip
+ }%
+}
+
+% Set the font macro #1 to the font named #2, adding on the
+% specified font prefix (normally `cm').
+% #3 is the font's design size, #4 is a scale factor
+\def\setfont#1#2#3#4{\font#1=\fontprefix#2#3 scaled #4}
+
+% Use cm as the default font prefix.
+% To specify the font prefix, you must define \fontprefix
+% before you read in texinfo.tex.
+\ifx\fontprefix\undefined
+\def\fontprefix{cm}
+\fi
+% Support font families that don't use the same naming scheme as CM.
+\def\rmshape{r}
+\def\rmbshape{bx} %where the normal face is bold
+\def\bfshape{b}
+\def\bxshape{bx}
+\def\ttshape{tt}
+\def\ttbshape{tt}
+\def\ttslshape{sltt}
+\def\itshape{ti}
+\def\itbshape{bxti}
+\def\slshape{sl}
+\def\slbshape{bxsl}
+\def\sfshape{ss}
+\def\sfbshape{ss}
+\def\scshape{csc}
+\def\scbshape{csc}
+
+\newcount\mainmagstep
+\ifx\bigger\relax
+ % not really supported.
+ \mainmagstep=\magstep1
+ \setfont\textrm\rmshape{12}{1000}
+ \setfont\texttt\ttshape{12}{1000}
+\else
+ \mainmagstep=\magstephalf
+ \setfont\textrm\rmshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
+ \setfont\texttt\ttshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
+\fi
+% Instead of cmb10, you may want to use cmbx10.
+% cmbx10 is a prettier font on its own, but cmb10
+% looks better when embedded in a line with cmr10
+% (in Bob's opinion).
+\setfont\textbf\bfshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
+\setfont\textit\itshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
+\setfont\textsl\slshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
+\setfont\textsf\sfshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
+\setfont\textsc\scshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
+\setfont\textttsl\ttslshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
+\font\texti=cmmi10 scaled \mainmagstep
+\font\textsy=cmsy10 scaled \mainmagstep
+
+% A few fonts for @defun, etc.
+\setfont\defbf\bxshape{10}{\magstep1} %was 1314
+\setfont\deftt\ttshape{10}{\magstep1}
+\def\df{\let\tentt=\deftt \let\tenbf = \defbf \bf}
+
+% Fonts for indices, footnotes, small examples (9pt).
+\setfont\smallrm\rmshape{9}{1000}
+\setfont\smalltt\ttshape{9}{1000}
+\setfont\smallbf\bfshape{10}{900}
+\setfont\smallit\itshape{9}{1000}
+\setfont\smallsl\slshape{9}{1000}
+\setfont\smallsf\sfshape{9}{1000}
+\setfont\smallsc\scshape{10}{900}
+\setfont\smallttsl\ttslshape{10}{900}
+\font\smalli=cmmi9
+\font\smallsy=cmsy9
+
+% Fonts for small examples (8pt).
+\setfont\smallerrm\rmshape{8}{1000}
+\setfont\smallertt\ttshape{8}{1000}
+\setfont\smallerbf\bfshape{10}{800}
+\setfont\smallerit\itshape{8}{1000}
+\setfont\smallersl\slshape{8}{1000}
+\setfont\smallersf\sfshape{8}{1000}
+\setfont\smallersc\scshape{10}{800}
+\setfont\smallerttsl\ttslshape{10}{800}
+\font\smalleri=cmmi8
+\font\smallersy=cmsy8
+
+% Fonts for title page:
+\setfont\titlerm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep3}
+\setfont\titleit\itbshape{10}{\magstep4}
+\setfont\titlesl\slbshape{10}{\magstep4}
+\setfont\titlett\ttbshape{12}{\magstep3}
+\setfont\titlettsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep4}
+\setfont\titlesf\sfbshape{17}{\magstep1}
+\let\titlebf=\titlerm
+\setfont\titlesc\scbshape{10}{\magstep4}
+\font\titlei=cmmi12 scaled \magstep3
+\font\titlesy=cmsy10 scaled \magstep4
+\def\authorrm{\secrm}
+\def\authortt{\sectt}
+
+% Chapter (and unnumbered) fonts (17.28pt).
+\setfont\chaprm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep2}
+\setfont\chapit\itbshape{10}{\magstep3}
+\setfont\chapsl\slbshape{10}{\magstep3}
+\setfont\chaptt\ttbshape{12}{\magstep2}
+\setfont\chapttsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep3}
+\setfont\chapsf\sfbshape{17}{1000}
+\let\chapbf=\chaprm
+\setfont\chapsc\scbshape{10}{\magstep3}
+\font\chapi=cmmi12 scaled \magstep2
+\font\chapsy=cmsy10 scaled \magstep3
+
+% Section fonts (14.4pt).
+\setfont\secrm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep1}
+\setfont\secit\itbshape{10}{\magstep2}
+\setfont\secsl\slbshape{10}{\magstep2}
+\setfont\sectt\ttbshape{12}{\magstep1}
+\setfont\secttsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep2}
+\setfont\secsf\sfbshape{12}{\magstep1}
+\let\secbf\secrm
+\setfont\secsc\scbshape{10}{\magstep2}
+\font\seci=cmmi12 scaled \magstep1
+\font\secsy=cmsy10 scaled \magstep2
+
+% Subsection fonts (13.15pt).
+\setfont\ssecrm\rmbshape{12}{\magstephalf}
+\setfont\ssecit\itbshape{10}{1315}
+\setfont\ssecsl\slbshape{10}{1315}
+\setfont\ssectt\ttbshape{12}{\magstephalf}
+\setfont\ssecttsl\ttslshape{10}{1315}
+\setfont\ssecsf\sfbshape{12}{\magstephalf}
+\let\ssecbf\ssecrm
+\setfont\ssecsc\scbshape{10}{\magstep1}
+\font\sseci=cmmi12 scaled \magstephalf
+\font\ssecsy=cmsy10 scaled 1315
+% The smallcaps and symbol fonts should actually be scaled \magstep1.5,
+% but that is not a standard magnification.
+
+% In order for the font changes to affect most math symbols and letters,
+% we have to define the \textfont of the standard families. Since
+% texinfo doesn't allow for producing subscripts and superscripts except
+% in the main text, we don't bother to reset \scriptfont and
+% \scriptscriptfont (which would also require loading a lot more fonts).
+%
+\def\resetmathfonts{%
+ \textfont0=\tenrm \textfont1=\teni \textfont2=\tensy
+ \textfont\itfam=\tenit \textfont\slfam=\tensl \textfont\bffam=\tenbf
+ \textfont\ttfam=\tentt \textfont\sffam=\tensf
+}
+
+% The font-changing commands redefine the meanings of \tenSTYLE, instead
+% of just \STYLE. We do this so that font changes will continue to work
+% in math mode, where it is the current \fam that is relevant in most
+% cases, not the current font. Plain TeX does \def\bf{\fam=\bffam
+% \tenbf}, for example. By redefining \tenbf, we obviate the need to
+% redefine \bf itself.
+\def\textfonts{%
+ \let\tenrm=\textrm \let\tenit=\textit \let\tensl=\textsl
+ \let\tenbf=\textbf \let\tentt=\texttt \let\smallcaps=\textsc
+ \let\tensf=\textsf \let\teni=\texti \let\tensy=\textsy \let\tenttsl=\textttsl
+ \resetmathfonts \setleading{\textleading}}
+\def\titlefonts{%
+ \let\tenrm=\titlerm \let\tenit=\titleit \let\tensl=\titlesl
+ \let\tenbf=\titlebf \let\tentt=\titlett \let\smallcaps=\titlesc
+ \let\tensf=\titlesf \let\teni=\titlei \let\tensy=\titlesy
+ \let\tenttsl=\titlettsl
+ \resetmathfonts \setleading{25pt}}
+\def\titlefont#1{{\titlefonts\rm #1}}
+\def\chapfonts{%
+ \let\tenrm=\chaprm \let\tenit=\chapit \let\tensl=\chapsl
+ \let\tenbf=\chapbf \let\tentt=\chaptt \let\smallcaps=\chapsc
+ \let\tensf=\chapsf \let\teni=\chapi \let\tensy=\chapsy \let\tenttsl=\chapttsl
+ \resetmathfonts \setleading{19pt}}
+\def\secfonts{%
+ \let\tenrm=\secrm \let\tenit=\secit \let\tensl=\secsl
+ \let\tenbf=\secbf \let\tentt=\sectt \let\smallcaps=\secsc
+ \let\tensf=\secsf \let\teni=\seci \let\tensy=\secsy \let\tenttsl=\secttsl
+ \resetmathfonts \setleading{16pt}}
+\def\subsecfonts{%
+ \let\tenrm=\ssecrm \let\tenit=\ssecit \let\tensl=\ssecsl
+ \let\tenbf=\ssecbf \let\tentt=\ssectt \let\smallcaps=\ssecsc
+ \let\tensf=\ssecsf \let\teni=\sseci \let\tensy=\ssecsy \let\tenttsl=\ssecttsl
+ \resetmathfonts \setleading{15pt}}
+\let\subsubsecfonts = \subsecfonts % Maybe make sssec fonts scaled magstephalf?
+\def\smallfonts{%
+ \let\tenrm=\smallrm \let\tenit=\smallit \let\tensl=\smallsl
+ \let\tenbf=\smallbf \let\tentt=\smalltt \let\smallcaps=\smallsc
+ \let\tensf=\smallsf \let\teni=\smalli \let\tensy=\smallsy
+ \let\tenttsl=\smallttsl
+ \resetmathfonts \setleading{10.5pt}}
+\def\smallerfonts{%
+ \let\tenrm=\smallerrm \let\tenit=\smallerit \let\tensl=\smallersl
+ \let\tenbf=\smallerbf \let\tentt=\smallertt \let\smallcaps=\smallersc
+ \let\tensf=\smallersf \let\teni=\smalleri \let\tensy=\smallersy
+ \let\tenttsl=\smallerttsl
+ \resetmathfonts \setleading{9.5pt}}
+
+% Set the fonts to use with the @small... environments.
+\let\smallexamplefonts = \smallfonts
+
+% About \smallexamplefonts. If we use \smallfonts (9pt), @smallexample
+% can fit this many characters:
+% 8.5x11=86 smallbook=72 a4=90 a5=69
+% If we use \smallerfonts (8pt), then we can fit this many characters:
+% 8.5x11=90+ smallbook=80 a4=90+ a5=77
+% For me, subjectively, the few extra characters that fit aren't worth
+% the additional smallness of 8pt. So I'm making the default 9pt.
+%
+% By the way, for comparison, here's what fits with @example (10pt):
+% 8.5x11=71 smallbook=60 a4=75 a5=58
+%
+% I wish we used A4 paper on this side of the Atlantic.
+%
+% --karl, 24jan03.
+
+
+% Set up the default fonts, so we can use them for creating boxes.
+%
+\textfonts
+
+% Define these so they can be easily changed for other fonts.
+\def\angleleft{$\langle$}
+\def\angleright{$\rangle$}
+
+% Count depth in font-changes, for error checks
+\newcount\fontdepth \fontdepth=0
+
+% Fonts for short table of contents.
+\setfont\shortcontrm\rmshape{12}{1000}
+\setfont\shortcontbf\bxshape{12}{1000}
+\setfont\shortcontsl\slshape{12}{1000}
+\setfont\shortconttt\ttshape{12}{1000}
+
+%% Add scribe-like font environments, plus @l for inline lisp (usually sans
+%% serif) and @ii for TeX italic
+
+% \smartitalic{ARG} outputs arg in italics, followed by an italic correction
+% unless the following character is such as not to need one.
+\def\smartitalicx{\ifx\next,\else\ifx\next-\else\ifx\next.\else\/\fi\fi\fi}
+\def\smartslanted#1{{\ifusingtt\ttsl\sl #1}\futurelet\next\smartitalicx}
+\def\smartitalic#1{{\ifusingtt\ttsl\it #1}\futurelet\next\smartitalicx}
+
+\let\i=\smartitalic
+\let\var=\smartslanted
+\let\dfn=\smartslanted
+\let\emph=\smartitalic
+\let\cite=\smartslanted
+
+\def\b#1{{\bf #1}}
+\let\strong=\b
+
+% We can't just use \exhyphenpenalty, because that only has effect at
+% the end of a paragraph. Restore normal hyphenation at the end of the
+% group within which \nohyphenation is presumably called.
+%
+\def\nohyphenation{\hyphenchar\font = -1 \aftergroup\restorehyphenation}
+\def\restorehyphenation{\hyphenchar\font = `- }
+
+% Set sfcode to normal for the chars that usually have another value.
+% Can't use plain's \frenchspacing because it uses the `\x notation, and
+% sometimes \x has an active definition that messes things up.
+%
+\catcode`@=11
+ \def\frenchspacing{%
+ \sfcode\dotChar =\@m \sfcode\questChar=\@m \sfcode\exclamChar=\@m
+ \sfcode\colonChar=\@m \sfcode\semiChar =\@m \sfcode\commaChar =\@m
+ }
+\catcode`@=\other
+
+\def\t#1{%
+ {\tt \rawbackslash \frenchspacing #1}%
+ \null
+}
+\let\ttfont=\t
+\def\samp#1{`\tclose{#1}'\null}
+\setfont\keyrm\rmshape{8}{1000}
+\font\keysy=cmsy9
+\def\key#1{{\keyrm\textfont2=\keysy \leavevmode\hbox{%
+ \raise0.4pt\hbox{\angleleft}\kern-.08em\vtop{%
+ \vbox{\hrule\kern-0.4pt
+ \hbox{\raise0.4pt\hbox{\vphantom{\angleleft}}#1}}%
+ \kern-0.4pt\hrule}%
+ \kern-.06em\raise0.4pt\hbox{\angleright}}}}
+% The old definition, with no lozenge:
+%\def\key #1{{\ttsl \nohyphenation \uppercase{#1}}\null}
+\def\ctrl #1{{\tt \rawbackslash \hat}#1}
+
+% @file, @option are the same as @samp.
+\let\file=\samp
+\let\option=\samp
+
+% @code is a modification of @t,
+% which makes spaces the same size as normal in the surrounding text.
+\def\tclose#1{%
+ {%
+ % Change normal interword space to be same as for the current font.
+ \spaceskip = \fontdimen2\font
+ %
+ % Switch to typewriter.
+ \tt
+ %
+ % But `\ ' produces the large typewriter interword space.
+ \def\ {{\spaceskip = 0pt{} }}%
+ %
+ % Turn off hyphenation.
+ \nohyphenation
+ %
+ \rawbackslash
+ \frenchspacing
+ #1%
+ }%
+ \null
+}
+
+% We *must* turn on hyphenation at `-' and `_' in \code.
+% Otherwise, it is too hard to avoid overfull hboxes
+% in the Emacs manual, the Library manual, etc.
+
+% Unfortunately, TeX uses one parameter (\hyphenchar) to control
+% both hyphenation at - and hyphenation within words.
+% We must therefore turn them both off (\tclose does that)
+% and arrange explicitly to hyphenate at a dash.
+% -- rms.
+{
+ \catcode`\-=\active
+ \catcode`\_=\active
+ %
+ \global\def\code{\begingroup
+ \catcode`\-=\active \let-\codedash
+ \catcode`\_=\active \let_\codeunder
+ \codex
+ }
+ %
+ % If we end up with any active - characters when handling the index,
+ % just treat them as a normal -.
+ \global\def\indexbreaks{\catcode`\-=\active \let-\realdash}
+}
+
+\def\realdash{-}
+\def\codedash{-\discretionary{}{}{}}
+\def\codeunder{%
+ % this is all so @math{@code{var_name}+1} can work. In math mode, _
+ % is "active" (mathcode"8000) and \normalunderscore (or \char95, etc.)
+ % will therefore expand the active definition of _, which is us
+ % (inside @code that is), therefore an endless loop.
+ \ifusingtt{\ifmmode
+ \mathchar"075F % class 0=ordinary, family 7=ttfam, pos 0x5F=_.
+ \else\normalunderscore \fi
+ \discretionary{}{}{}}%
+ {\_}%
+}
+\def\codex #1{\tclose{#1}\endgroup}
+
+% @kbd is like @code, except that if the argument is just one @key command,
+% then @kbd has no effect.
+
+% @kbdinputstyle -- arg is `distinct' (@kbd uses slanted tty font always),
+% `example' (@kbd uses ttsl only inside of @example and friends),
+% or `code' (@kbd uses normal tty font always).
+\def\kbdinputstyle{\parsearg\kbdinputstylexxx}
+\def\kbdinputstylexxx#1{%
+ \def\arg{#1}%
+ \ifx\arg\worddistinct
+ \gdef\kbdexamplefont{\ttsl}\gdef\kbdfont{\ttsl}%
+ \else\ifx\arg\wordexample
+ \gdef\kbdexamplefont{\ttsl}\gdef\kbdfont{\tt}%
+ \else\ifx\arg\wordcode
+ \gdef\kbdexamplefont{\tt}\gdef\kbdfont{\tt}%
+ \else
+ \errhelp = \EMsimple
+ \errmessage{Unknown @kbdinputstyle `\arg'}%
+ \fi\fi\fi
+}
+\def\worddistinct{distinct}
+\def\wordexample{example}
+\def\wordcode{code}
+
+% Default is `distinct.'
+\kbdinputstyle distinct
+
+\def\xkey{\key}
+\def\kbdfoo#1#2#3\par{\def\one{#1}\def\three{#3}\def\threex{??}%
+\ifx\one\xkey\ifx\threex\three \key{#2}%
+\else{\tclose{\kbdfont\look}}\fi
+\else{\tclose{\kbdfont\look}}\fi}
+
+% For @url, @env, @command quotes seem unnecessary, so use \code.
+\let\url=\code
+\let\env=\code
+\let\command=\code
+
+% @uref (abbreviation for `urlref') takes an optional (comma-separated)
+% second argument specifying the text to display and an optional third
+% arg as text to display instead of (rather than in addition to) the url
+% itself. First (mandatory) arg is the url. Perhaps eventually put in
+% a hypertex \special here.
+%
+\def\uref#1{\douref #1,,,\finish}
+\def\douref#1,#2,#3,#4\finish{\begingroup
+ \unsepspaces
+ \pdfurl{#1}%
+ \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #3}%
+ \ifdim\wd0 > 0pt
+ \unhbox0 % third arg given, show only that
+ \else
+ \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}%
+ \ifdim\wd0 > 0pt
+ \ifpdf
+ \unhbox0 % PDF: 2nd arg given, show only it
+ \else
+ \unhbox0\ (\code{#1})% DVI: 2nd arg given, show both it and url
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \code{#1}% only url given, so show it
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \endlink
+\endgroup}
+
+% rms does not like angle brackets --karl, 17may97.
+% So now @email is just like @uref, unless we are pdf.
+%
+%\def\email#1{\angleleft{\tt #1}\angleright}
+\ifpdf
+ \def\email#1{\doemail#1,,\finish}
+ \def\doemail#1,#2,#3\finish{\begingroup
+ \unsepspaces
+ \pdfurl{mailto:#1}%
+ \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}%
+ \ifdim\wd0>0pt\unhbox0\else\code{#1}\fi
+ \endlink
+ \endgroup}
+\else
+ \let\email=\uref
+\fi
+
+% Check if we are currently using a typewriter font. Since all the
+% Computer Modern typewriter fonts have zero interword stretch (and
+% shrink), and it is reasonable to expect all typewriter fonts to have
+% this property, we can check that font parameter.
+%
+\def\ifmonospace{\ifdim\fontdimen3\font=0pt }
+
+% Typeset a dimension, e.g., `in' or `pt'. The only reason for the
+% argument is to make the input look right: @dmn{pt} instead of @dmn{}pt.
+%
+\def\dmn#1{\thinspace #1}
+
+\def\kbd#1{\def\look{#1}\expandafter\kbdfoo\look??\par}
+
+% @l was never documented to mean ``switch to the Lisp font'',
+% and it is not used as such in any manual I can find. We need it for
+% Polish suppressed-l. --karl, 22sep96.
+%\def\l#1{{\li #1}\null}
+
+% Explicit font changes: @r, @sc, undocumented @ii.
+\def\r#1{{\rm #1}} % roman font
+\def\sc#1{{\smallcaps#1}} % smallcaps font
+\def\ii#1{{\it #1}} % italic font
+
+% @acronym downcases the argument and prints in smallcaps.
+\def\acronym#1{{\smallcaps \lowercase{#1}}}
+
+% @pounds{} is a sterling sign.
+\def\pounds{{\it\$}}
+
+
+\message{page headings,}
+
+\newskip\titlepagetopglue \titlepagetopglue = 1.5in
+\newskip\titlepagebottomglue \titlepagebottomglue = 2pc
+
+% First the title page. Must do @settitle before @titlepage.
+\newif\ifseenauthor
+\newif\iffinishedtitlepage
+
+% Do an implicit @contents or @shortcontents after @end titlepage if the
+% user says @setcontentsaftertitlepage or @setshortcontentsaftertitlepage.
+%
+\newif\ifsetcontentsaftertitlepage
+ \let\setcontentsaftertitlepage = \setcontentsaftertitlepagetrue
+\newif\ifsetshortcontentsaftertitlepage
+ \let\setshortcontentsaftertitlepage = \setshortcontentsaftertitlepagetrue
+
+\def\shorttitlepage{\parsearg\shorttitlepagezzz}
+\def\shorttitlepagezzz #1{\begingroup\hbox{}\vskip 1.5in \chaprm \centerline{#1}%
+ \endgroup\page\hbox{}\page}
+
+\def\titlepage{\begingroup \parindent=0pt \textfonts
+ \let\subtitlerm=\tenrm
+ \def\subtitlefont{\subtitlerm \normalbaselineskip = 13pt \normalbaselines}%
+ %
+ \def\authorfont{\authorrm \normalbaselineskip = 16pt \normalbaselines
+ \let\tt=\authortt}%
+ %
+ % Leave some space at the very top of the page.
+ \vglue\titlepagetopglue
+ %
+ % Now you can print the title using @title.
+ \def\title{\parsearg\titlezzz}%
+ \def\titlezzz##1{\leftline{\titlefonts\rm ##1}
+ % print a rule at the page bottom also.
+ \finishedtitlepagefalse
+ \vskip4pt \hrule height 4pt width \hsize \vskip4pt}%
+ % No rule at page bottom unless we print one at the top with @title.
+ \finishedtitlepagetrue
+ %
+ % Now you can put text using @subtitle.
+ \def\subtitle{\parsearg\subtitlezzz}%
+ \def\subtitlezzz##1{{\subtitlefont \rightline{##1}}}%
+ %
+ % @author should come last, but may come many times.
+ \def\author{\parsearg\authorzzz}%
+ \def\authorzzz##1{\ifseenauthor\else\vskip 0pt plus 1filll\seenauthortrue\fi
+ {\authorfont \leftline{##1}}}%
+ %
+ % Most title ``pages'' are actually two pages long, with space
+ % at the top of the second. We don't want the ragged left on the second.
+ \let\oldpage = \page
+ \def\page{%
+ \iffinishedtitlepage\else
+ \finishtitlepage
+ \fi
+ \oldpage
+ \let\page = \oldpage
+ \hbox{}}%
+% \def\page{\oldpage \hbox{}}
+}
+
+\def\Etitlepage{%
+ \iffinishedtitlepage\else
+ \finishtitlepage
+ \fi
+ % It is important to do the page break before ending the group,
+ % because the headline and footline are only empty inside the group.
+ % If we use the new definition of \page, we always get a blank page
+ % after the title page, which we certainly don't want.
+ \oldpage
+ \endgroup
+ %
+ % Need this before the \...aftertitlepage checks so that if they are
+ % in effect the toc pages will come out with page numbers.
+ \HEADINGSon
+ %
+ % If they want short, they certainly want long too.
+ \ifsetshortcontentsaftertitlepage
+ \shortcontents
+ \contents
+ \global\let\shortcontents = \relax
+ \global\let\contents = \relax
+ \fi
+ %
+ \ifsetcontentsaftertitlepage
+ \contents
+ \global\let\contents = \relax
+ \global\let\shortcontents = \relax
+ \fi
+}
+
+\def\finishtitlepage{%
+ \vskip4pt \hrule height 2pt width \hsize
+ \vskip\titlepagebottomglue
+ \finishedtitlepagetrue
+}
+
+%%% Set up page headings and footings.
+
+\let\thispage=\folio
+
+\newtoks\evenheadline % headline on even pages
+\newtoks\oddheadline % headline on odd pages
+\newtoks\evenfootline % footline on even pages
+\newtoks\oddfootline % footline on odd pages
+
+% Now make Tex use those variables
+\headline={{\textfonts\rm \ifodd\pageno \the\oddheadline
+ \else \the\evenheadline \fi}}
+\footline={{\textfonts\rm \ifodd\pageno \the\oddfootline
+ \else \the\evenfootline \fi}\HEADINGShook}
+\let\HEADINGShook=\relax
+
+% Commands to set those variables.
+% For example, this is what @headings on does
+% @evenheading @thistitle|@thispage|@thischapter
+% @oddheading @thischapter|@thispage|@thistitle
+% @evenfooting @thisfile||
+% @oddfooting ||@thisfile
+
+\def\evenheading{\parsearg\evenheadingxxx}
+\def\oddheading{\parsearg\oddheadingxxx}
+\def\everyheading{\parsearg\everyheadingxxx}
+
+\def\evenfooting{\parsearg\evenfootingxxx}
+\def\oddfooting{\parsearg\oddfootingxxx}
+\def\everyfooting{\parsearg\everyfootingxxx}
+
+{\catcode`\@=0 %
+
+\gdef\evenheadingxxx #1{\evenheadingyyy #1@|@|@|@|\finish}
+\gdef\evenheadingyyy #1@|#2@|#3@|#4\finish{%
+\global\evenheadline={\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}}}
+
+\gdef\oddheadingxxx #1{\oddheadingyyy #1@|@|@|@|\finish}
+\gdef\oddheadingyyy #1@|#2@|#3@|#4\finish{%
+\global\oddheadline={\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}}}
+
+\gdef\everyheadingxxx#1{\oddheadingxxx{#1}\evenheadingxxx{#1}}%
+
+\gdef\evenfootingxxx #1{\evenfootingyyy #1@|@|@|@|\finish}
+\gdef\evenfootingyyy #1@|#2@|#3@|#4\finish{%
+\global\evenfootline={\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}}}
+
+\gdef\oddfootingxxx #1{\oddfootingyyy #1@|@|@|@|\finish}
+\gdef\oddfootingyyy #1@|#2@|#3@|#4\finish{%
+ \global\oddfootline = {\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}}%
+ %
+ % Leave some space for the footline. Hopefully ok to assume
+ % @evenfooting will not be used by itself.
+ \global\advance\pageheight by -\baselineskip
+ \global\advance\vsize by -\baselineskip
+}
+
+\gdef\everyfootingxxx#1{\oddfootingxxx{#1}\evenfootingxxx{#1}}
+%
+}% unbind the catcode of @.
+
+% @headings double turns headings on for double-sided printing.
+% @headings single turns headings on for single-sided printing.
+% @headings off turns them off.
+% @headings on same as @headings double, retained for compatibility.
+% @headings after turns on double-sided headings after this page.
+% @headings doubleafter turns on double-sided headings after this page.
+% @headings singleafter turns on single-sided headings after this page.
+% By default, they are off at the start of a document,
+% and turned `on' after @end titlepage.
+
+\def\headings #1 {\csname HEADINGS#1\endcsname}
+
+\def\HEADINGSoff{
+\global\evenheadline={\hfil} \global\evenfootline={\hfil}
+\global\oddheadline={\hfil} \global\oddfootline={\hfil}}
+\HEADINGSoff
+% When we turn headings on, set the page number to 1.
+% For double-sided printing, put current file name in lower left corner,
+% chapter name on inside top of right hand pages, document
+% title on inside top of left hand pages, and page numbers on outside top
+% edge of all pages.
+\def\HEADINGSdouble{
+\global\pageno=1
+\global\evenfootline={\hfil}
+\global\oddfootline={\hfil}
+\global\evenheadline={\line{\folio\hfil\thistitle}}
+\global\oddheadline={\line{\thischapter\hfil\folio}}
+\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chapoddpage
+}
+\let\contentsalignmacro = \chappager
+
+% For single-sided printing, chapter title goes across top left of page,
+% page number on top right.
+\def\HEADINGSsingle{
+\global\pageno=1
+\global\evenfootline={\hfil}
+\global\oddfootline={\hfil}
+\global\evenheadline={\line{\thischapter\hfil\folio}}
+\global\oddheadline={\line{\thischapter\hfil\folio}}
+\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chappager
+}
+\def\HEADINGSon{\HEADINGSdouble}
+
+\def\HEADINGSafter{\let\HEADINGShook=\HEADINGSdoublex}
+\let\HEADINGSdoubleafter=\HEADINGSafter
+\def\HEADINGSdoublex{%
+\global\evenfootline={\hfil}
+\global\oddfootline={\hfil}
+\global\evenheadline={\line{\folio\hfil\thistitle}}
+\global\oddheadline={\line{\thischapter\hfil\folio}}
+\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chapoddpage
+}
+
+\def\HEADINGSsingleafter{\let\HEADINGShook=\HEADINGSsinglex}
+\def\HEADINGSsinglex{%
+\global\evenfootline={\hfil}
+\global\oddfootline={\hfil}
+\global\evenheadline={\line{\thischapter\hfil\folio}}
+\global\oddheadline={\line{\thischapter\hfil\folio}}
+\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chappager
+}
+
+% Subroutines used in generating headings
+% This produces Day Month Year style of output.
+% Only define if not already defined, in case a txi-??.tex file has set
+% up a different format (e.g., txi-cs.tex does this).
+\ifx\today\undefined
+\def\today{%
+ \number\day\space
+ \ifcase\month
+ \or\putwordMJan\or\putwordMFeb\or\putwordMMar\or\putwordMApr
+ \or\putwordMMay\or\putwordMJun\or\putwordMJul\or\putwordMAug
+ \or\putwordMSep\or\putwordMOct\or\putwordMNov\or\putwordMDec
+ \fi
+ \space\number\year}
+\fi
+
+% @settitle line... specifies the title of the document, for headings.
+% It generates no output of its own.
+\def\thistitle{\putwordNoTitle}
+\def\settitle{\parsearg\settitlezzz}
+\def\settitlezzz #1{\gdef\thistitle{#1}}
+
+
+\message{tables,}
+% Tables -- @table, @ftable, @vtable, @item(x), @kitem(x), @xitem(x).
+
+% default indentation of table text
+\newdimen\tableindent \tableindent=.8in
+% default indentation of @itemize and @enumerate text
+\newdimen\itemindent \itemindent=.3in
+% margin between end of table item and start of table text.
+\newdimen\itemmargin \itemmargin=.1in
+
+% used internally for \itemindent minus \itemmargin
+\newdimen\itemmax
+
+% Note @table, @vtable, and @vtable define @item, @itemx, etc., with
+% these defs.
+% They also define \itemindex
+% to index the item name in whatever manner is desired (perhaps none).
+
+\newif\ifitemxneedsnegativevskip
+
+\def\itemxpar{\par\ifitemxneedsnegativevskip\nobreak\vskip-\parskip\nobreak\fi}
+
+\def\internalBitem{\smallbreak \parsearg\itemzzz}
+\def\internalBitemx{\itemxpar \parsearg\itemzzz}
+
+\def\internalBxitem "#1"{\def\xitemsubtopix{#1} \smallbreak \parsearg\xitemzzz}
+\def\internalBxitemx "#1"{\def\xitemsubtopix{#1} \itemxpar \parsearg\xitemzzz}
+
+\def\internalBkitem{\smallbreak \parsearg\kitemzzz}
+\def\internalBkitemx{\itemxpar \parsearg\kitemzzz}
+
+\def\kitemzzz #1{\dosubind {kw}{\code{#1}}{for {\bf \lastfunction}}%
+ \itemzzz {#1}}
+
+\def\xitemzzz #1{\dosubind {kw}{\code{#1}}{for {\bf \xitemsubtopic}}%
+ \itemzzz {#1}}
+
+\def\itemzzz #1{\begingroup %
+ \advance\hsize by -\rightskip
+ \advance\hsize by -\tableindent
+ \setbox0=\hbox{\itemfont{#1}}%
+ \itemindex{#1}%
+ \nobreak % This prevents a break before @itemx.
+ %
+ % If the item text does not fit in the space we have, put it on a line
+ % by itself, and do not allow a page break either before or after that
+ % line. We do not start a paragraph here because then if the next
+ % command is, e.g., @kindex, the whatsit would get put into the
+ % horizontal list on a line by itself, resulting in extra blank space.
+ \ifdim \wd0>\itemmax
+ %
+ % Make this a paragraph so we get the \parskip glue and wrapping,
+ % but leave it ragged-right.
+ \begingroup
+ \advance\leftskip by-\tableindent
+ \advance\hsize by\tableindent
+ \advance\rightskip by0pt plus1fil
+ \leavevmode\unhbox0\par
+ \endgroup
+ %
+ % We're going to be starting a paragraph, but we don't want the
+ % \parskip glue -- logically it's part of the @item we just started.
+ \nobreak \vskip-\parskip
+ %
+ % Stop a page break at the \parskip glue coming up. (Unfortunately
+ % we can't prevent a possible page break at the following
+ % \baselineskip glue.) However, if what follows is an environment
+ % such as @example, there will be no \parskip glue; then
+ % the negative vskip we just would cause the example and the item to
+ % crash together. So we use this bizarre value of 10001 as a signal
+ % to \aboveenvbreak to insert \parskip glue after all.
+ % (Possibly there are other commands that could be followed by
+ % @example which need the same treatment, but not section titles; or
+ % maybe section titles are the only special case and they should be
+ % penalty 10001...)
+ \penalty 10001
+ \endgroup
+ \itemxneedsnegativevskipfalse
+ \else
+ % The item text fits into the space. Start a paragraph, so that the
+ % following text (if any) will end up on the same line.
+ \noindent
+ % Do this with kerns and \unhbox so that if there is a footnote in
+ % the item text, it can migrate to the main vertical list and
+ % eventually be printed.
+ \nobreak\kern-\tableindent
+ \dimen0 = \itemmax \advance\dimen0 by \itemmargin \advance\dimen0 by -\wd0
+ \unhbox0
+ \nobreak\kern\dimen0
+ \endgroup
+ \itemxneedsnegativevskiptrue
+ \fi
+}
+
+\def\item{\errmessage{@item while not in a table}}
+\def\itemx{\errmessage{@itemx while not in a table}}
+\def\kitem{\errmessage{@kitem while not in a table}}
+\def\kitemx{\errmessage{@kitemx while not in a table}}
+\def\xitem{\errmessage{@xitem while not in a table}}
+\def\xitemx{\errmessage{@xitemx while not in a table}}
+
+% Contains a kludge to get @end[description] to work.
+\def\description{\tablez{\dontindex}{1}{}{}{}{}}
+
+% @table, @ftable, @vtable.
+\def\table{\begingroup\inENV\obeylines\obeyspaces\tablex}
+{\obeylines\obeyspaces%
+\gdef\tablex #1^^M{%
+\tabley\dontindex#1 \endtabley}}
+
+\def\ftable{\begingroup\inENV\obeylines\obeyspaces\ftablex}
+{\obeylines\obeyspaces%
+\gdef\ftablex #1^^M{%
+\tabley\fnitemindex#1 \endtabley
+\def\Eftable{\endgraf\afterenvbreak\endgroup}%
+\let\Etable=\relax}}
+
+\def\vtable{\begingroup\inENV\obeylines\obeyspaces\vtablex}
+{\obeylines\obeyspaces%
+\gdef\vtablex #1^^M{%
+\tabley\vritemindex#1 \endtabley
+\def\Evtable{\endgraf\afterenvbreak\endgroup}%
+\let\Etable=\relax}}
+
+\def\dontindex #1{}
+\def\fnitemindex #1{\doind {fn}{\code{#1}}}%
+\def\vritemindex #1{\doind {vr}{\code{#1}}}%
+
+{\obeyspaces %
+\gdef\tabley#1#2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7\endtabley{\endgroup%
+\tablez{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}
+
+\def\tablez #1#2#3#4#5#6{%
+\aboveenvbreak %
+\begingroup %
+\def\Edescription{\Etable}% Necessary kludge.
+\let\itemindex=#1%
+\ifnum 0#3>0 \advance \leftskip by #3\mil \fi %
+\ifnum 0#4>0 \tableindent=#4\mil \fi %
+\ifnum 0#5>0 \advance \rightskip by #5\mil \fi %
+\def\itemfont{#2}%
+\itemmax=\tableindent %
+\advance \itemmax by -\itemmargin %
+\advance \leftskip by \tableindent %
+\exdentamount=\tableindent
+\parindent = 0pt
+\parskip = \smallskipamount
+\ifdim \parskip=0pt \parskip=2pt \fi%
+\def\Etable{\endgraf\afterenvbreak\endgroup}%
+\let\item = \internalBitem %
+\let\itemx = \internalBitemx %
+\let\kitem = \internalBkitem %
+\let\kitemx = \internalBkitemx %
+\let\xitem = \internalBxitem %
+\let\xitemx = \internalBxitemx %
+}
+
+% This is the counter used by @enumerate, which is really @itemize
+
+\newcount \itemno
+
+\def\itemize{\parsearg\itemizezzz}
+
+\def\itemizezzz #1{%
+ \begingroup % ended by the @end itemize
+ \itemizey {#1}{\Eitemize}
+}
+
+\def\itemizey #1#2{%
+\aboveenvbreak %
+\itemmax=\itemindent %
+\advance \itemmax by -\itemmargin %
+\advance \leftskip by \itemindent %
+\exdentamount=\itemindent
+\parindent = 0pt %
+\parskip = \smallskipamount %
+\ifdim \parskip=0pt \parskip=2pt \fi%
+\def#2{\endgraf\afterenvbreak\endgroup}%
+\def\itemcontents{#1}%
+\let\item=\itemizeitem}
+
+% \splitoff TOKENS\endmark defines \first to be the first token in
+% TOKENS, and \rest to be the remainder.
+%
+\def\splitoff#1#2\endmark{\def\first{#1}\def\rest{#2}}%
+
+% Allow an optional argument of an uppercase letter, lowercase letter,
+% or number, to specify the first label in the enumerated list. No
+% argument is the same as `1'.
+%
+\def\enumerate{\parsearg\enumeratezzz}
+\def\enumeratezzz #1{\enumeratey #1 \endenumeratey}
+\def\enumeratey #1 #2\endenumeratey{%
+ \begingroup % ended by the @end enumerate
+ %
+ % If we were given no argument, pretend we were given `1'.
+ \def\thearg{#1}%
+ \ifx\thearg\empty \def\thearg{1}\fi
+ %
+ % Detect if the argument is a single token. If so, it might be a
+ % letter. Otherwise, the only valid thing it can be is a number.
+ % (We will always have one token, because of the test we just made.
+ % This is a good thing, since \splitoff doesn't work given nothing at
+ % all -- the first parameter is undelimited.)
+ \expandafter\splitoff\thearg\endmark
+ \ifx\rest\empty
+ % Only one token in the argument. It could still be anything.
+ % A ``lowercase letter'' is one whose \lccode is nonzero.
+ % An ``uppercase letter'' is one whose \lccode is both nonzero, and
+ % not equal to itself.
+ % Otherwise, we assume it's a number.
+ %
+ % We need the \relax at the end of the \ifnum lines to stop TeX from
+ % continuing to look for a <number>.
+ %
+ \ifnum\lccode\expandafter`\thearg=0\relax
+ \numericenumerate % a number (we hope)
+ \else
+ % It's a letter.
+ \ifnum\lccode\expandafter`\thearg=\expandafter`\thearg\relax
+ \lowercaseenumerate % lowercase letter
+ \else
+ \uppercaseenumerate % uppercase letter
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \else
+ % Multiple tokens in the argument. We hope it's a number.
+ \numericenumerate
+ \fi
+}
+
+% An @enumerate whose labels are integers. The starting integer is
+% given in \thearg.
+%
+\def\numericenumerate{%
+ \itemno = \thearg
+ \startenumeration{\the\itemno}%
+}
+
+% The starting (lowercase) letter is in \thearg.
+\def\lowercaseenumerate{%
+ \itemno = \expandafter`\thearg
+ \startenumeration{%
+ % Be sure we're not beyond the end of the alphabet.
+ \ifnum\itemno=0
+ \errmessage{No more lowercase letters in @enumerate; get a bigger
+ alphabet}%
+ \fi
+ \char\lccode\itemno
+ }%
+}
+
+% The starting (uppercase) letter is in \thearg.
+\def\uppercaseenumerate{%
+ \itemno = \expandafter`\thearg
+ \startenumeration{%
+ % Be sure we're not beyond the end of the alphabet.
+ \ifnum\itemno=0
+ \errmessage{No more uppercase letters in @enumerate; get a bigger
+ alphabet}
+ \fi
+ \char\uccode\itemno
+ }%
+}
+
+% Call itemizey, adding a period to the first argument and supplying the
+% common last two arguments. Also subtract one from the initial value in
+% \itemno, since @item increments \itemno.
+%
+\def\startenumeration#1{%
+ \advance\itemno by -1
+ \itemizey{#1.}\Eenumerate\flushcr
+}
+
+% @alphaenumerate and @capsenumerate are abbreviations for giving an arg
+% to @enumerate.
+%
+\def\alphaenumerate{\enumerate{a}}
+\def\capsenumerate{\enumerate{A}}
+\def\Ealphaenumerate{\Eenumerate}
+\def\Ecapsenumerate{\Eenumerate}
+
+% Definition of @item while inside @itemize.
+
+\def\itemizeitem{%
+\advance\itemno by 1
+{\let\par=\endgraf \smallbreak}%
+\ifhmode \errmessage{In hmode at itemizeitem}\fi
+{\parskip=0in \hskip 0pt
+\hbox to 0pt{\hss \itemcontents\hskip \itemmargin}%
+\vadjust{\penalty 1200}}%
+\flushcr}
+
+% @multitable macros
+% Amy Hendrickson, 8/18/94, 3/6/96
+%
+% @multitable ... @end multitable will make as many columns as desired.
+% Contents of each column will wrap at width given in preamble. Width
+% can be specified either with sample text given in a template line,
+% or in percent of \hsize, the current width of text on page.
+
+% Table can continue over pages but will only break between lines.
+
+% To make preamble:
+%
+% Either define widths of columns in terms of percent of \hsize:
+% @multitable @columnfractions .25 .3 .45
+% @item ...
+%
+% Numbers following @columnfractions are the percent of the total
+% current hsize to be used for each column. You may use as many
+% columns as desired.
+
+
+% Or use a template:
+% @multitable {Column 1 template} {Column 2 template} {Column 3 template}
+% @item ...
+% using the widest term desired in each column.
+%
+% For those who want to use more than one line's worth of words in
+% the preamble, break the line within one argument and it
+% will parse correctly, i.e.,
+%
+% @multitable {Column 1 template} {Column 2 template} {Column 3
+% template}
+% Not:
+% @multitable {Column 1 template} {Column 2 template}
+% {Column 3 template}
+
+% Each new table line starts with @item, each subsequent new column
+% starts with @tab. Empty columns may be produced by supplying @tab's
+% with nothing between them for as many times as empty columns are needed,
+% ie, @tab@tab@tab will produce two empty columns.
+
+% @item, @tab, @multitable or @end multitable do not need to be on their
+% own lines, but it will not hurt if they are.
+
+% Sample multitable:
+
+% @multitable {Column 1 template} {Column 2 template} {Column 3 template}
+% @item first col stuff @tab second col stuff @tab third col
+% @item
+% first col stuff
+% @tab
+% second col stuff
+% @tab
+% third col
+% @item first col stuff @tab second col stuff
+% @tab Many paragraphs of text may be used in any column.
+%
+% They will wrap at the width determined by the template.
+% @item@tab@tab This will be in third column.
+% @end multitable
+
+% Default dimensions may be reset by user.
+% @multitableparskip is vertical space between paragraphs in table.
+% @multitableparindent is paragraph indent in table.
+% @multitablecolmargin is horizontal space to be left between columns.
+% @multitablelinespace is space to leave between table items, baseline
+% to baseline.
+% 0pt means it depends on current normal line spacing.
+%
+\newskip\multitableparskip
+\newskip\multitableparindent
+\newdimen\multitablecolspace
+\newskip\multitablelinespace
+\multitableparskip=0pt
+\multitableparindent=6pt
+\multitablecolspace=12pt
+\multitablelinespace=0pt
+
+% Macros used to set up halign preamble:
+%
+\let\endsetuptable\relax
+\def\xendsetuptable{\endsetuptable}
+\let\columnfractions\relax
+\def\xcolumnfractions{\columnfractions}
+\newif\ifsetpercent
+
+% #1 is the part of the @columnfraction before the decimal point, which
+% is presumably either 0 or the empty string (but we don't check, we
+% just throw it away). #2 is the decimal part, which we use as the
+% percent of \hsize for this column.
+\def\pickupwholefraction#1.#2 {%
+ \global\advance\colcount by 1
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname col\the\colcount\endcsname{.#2\hsize}%
+ \setuptable
+}
+
+\newcount\colcount
+\def\setuptable#1{%
+ \def\firstarg{#1}%
+ \ifx\firstarg\xendsetuptable
+ \let\go = \relax
+ \else
+ \ifx\firstarg\xcolumnfractions
+ \global\setpercenttrue
+ \else
+ \ifsetpercent
+ \let\go\pickupwholefraction
+ \else
+ \global\advance\colcount by 1
+ \setbox0=\hbox{#1\unskip\space}% Add a normal word space as a
+ % separator; typically that is always in the input, anyway.
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname col\the\colcount\endcsname{\the\wd0}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \ifx\go\pickupwholefraction
+ % Put the argument back for the \pickupwholefraction call, so
+ % we'll always have a period there to be parsed.
+ \def\go{\pickupwholefraction#1}%
+ \else
+ \let\go = \setuptable
+ \fi%
+ \fi
+ \go
+}
+
+% @multitable ... @end multitable definitions:
+%
+\def\multitable{\parsearg\dotable}
+\def\dotable#1{\bgroup
+ \vskip\parskip
+ \let\item=\crcrwithfootnotes
+ % A \tab used to include \hskip1sp. But then the space in a template
+ % line is not enough. That is bad. So let's go back to just & until
+ % we encounter the problem it was intended to solve again. --karl,
+ % nathan@acm.org, 20apr99.
+ \let\tab=&%
+ \let\startfootins=\startsavedfootnote
+ \tolerance=9500
+ \hbadness=9500
+ \setmultitablespacing
+ \parskip=\multitableparskip
+ \parindent=\multitableparindent
+ \overfullrule=0pt
+ \global\colcount=0
+ \def\Emultitable{%
+ \global\setpercentfalse
+ \crcrwithfootnotes\crcr
+ \egroup\egroup
+ }%
+ %
+ % To parse everything between @multitable and @item:
+ \setuptable#1 \endsetuptable
+ %
+ % \everycr will reset column counter, \colcount, at the end of
+ % each line. Every column entry will cause \colcount to advance by one.
+ % The table preamble
+ % looks at the current \colcount to find the correct column width.
+ \everycr{\noalign{%
+ %
+ % \filbreak%% keeps underfull box messages off when table breaks over pages.
+ % Maybe so, but it also creates really weird page breaks when the table
+ % breaks over pages. Wouldn't \vfil be better? Wait until the problem
+ % manifests itself, so it can be fixed for real --karl.
+ \global\colcount=0\relax}}%
+ %
+ % This preamble sets up a generic column definition, which will
+ % be used as many times as user calls for columns.
+ % \vtop will set a single line and will also let text wrap and
+ % continue for many paragraphs if desired.
+ \halign\bgroup&\global\advance\colcount by 1\relax
+ \multistrut\vtop{\hsize=\expandafter\csname col\the\colcount\endcsname
+ %
+ % In order to keep entries from bumping into each other
+ % we will add a \leftskip of \multitablecolspace to all columns after
+ % the first one.
+ %
+ % If a template has been used, we will add \multitablecolspace
+ % to the width of each template entry.
+ %
+ % If the user has set preamble in terms of percent of \hsize we will
+ % use that dimension as the width of the column, and the \leftskip
+ % will keep entries from bumping into each other. Table will start at
+ % left margin and final column will justify at right margin.
+ %
+ % Make sure we don't inherit \rightskip from the outer environment.
+ \rightskip=0pt
+ \ifnum\colcount=1
+ % The first column will be indented with the surrounding text.
+ \advance\hsize by\leftskip
+ \else
+ \ifsetpercent \else
+ % If user has not set preamble in terms of percent of \hsize
+ % we will advance \hsize by \multitablecolspace.
+ \advance\hsize by \multitablecolspace
+ \fi
+ % In either case we will make \leftskip=\multitablecolspace:
+ \leftskip=\multitablecolspace
+ \fi
+ % Ignoring space at the beginning and end avoids an occasional spurious
+ % blank line, when TeX decides to break the line at the space before the
+ % box from the multistrut, so the strut ends up on a line by itself.
+ % For example:
+ % @multitable @columnfractions .11 .89
+ % @item @code{#}
+ % @tab Legal holiday which is valid in major parts of the whole country.
+ % Is automatically provided with highlighting sequences respectively marking
+ % characters.
+ \noindent\ignorespaces##\unskip\multistrut}\cr
+}
+
+\def\setmultitablespacing{% test to see if user has set \multitablelinespace.
+% If so, do nothing. If not, give it an appropriate dimension based on
+% current baselineskip.
+\ifdim\multitablelinespace=0pt
+\setbox0=\vbox{X}\global\multitablelinespace=\the\baselineskip
+\global\advance\multitablelinespace by-\ht0
+%% strut to put in table in case some entry doesn't have descenders,
+%% to keep lines equally spaced
+\let\multistrut = \strut
+\else
+%% FIXME: what is \box0 supposed to be?
+\gdef\multistrut{\vrule height\multitablelinespace depth\dp0
+width0pt\relax} \fi
+%% Test to see if parskip is larger than space between lines of
+%% table. If not, do nothing.
+%% If so, set to same dimension as multitablelinespace.
+\ifdim\multitableparskip>\multitablelinespace
+\global\multitableparskip=\multitablelinespace
+\global\advance\multitableparskip-7pt %% to keep parskip somewhat smaller
+ %% than skip between lines in the table.
+\fi%
+\ifdim\multitableparskip=0pt
+\global\multitableparskip=\multitablelinespace
+\global\advance\multitableparskip-7pt %% to keep parskip somewhat smaller
+ %% than skip between lines in the table.
+\fi}
+
+% In case a @footnote appears inside an alignment, save the footnote
+% text to a box and make the \insert when a row of the table is
+% finished. Otherwise, the insertion is lost, it never migrates to the
+% main vertical list. --kasal, 22jan03.
+%
+\newbox\savedfootnotes
+%
+% \dotable \let's \startfootins to this, so that \dofootnote will call
+% it instead of starting the insertion right away.
+\def\startsavedfootnote{%
+ \global\setbox\savedfootnotes = \vbox\bgroup
+ \unvbox\savedfootnotes
+}
+\def\crcrwithfootnotes{%
+ \crcr
+ \ifvoid\savedfootnotes \else
+ \noalign{\insert\footins{\box\savedfootnotes}}%
+ \fi
+}
+
+\message{conditionals,}
+% Prevent errors for section commands.
+% Used in @ignore and in failing conditionals.
+\def\ignoresections{%
+ \let\chapter=\relax
+ \let\unnumbered=\relax
+ \let\top=\relax
+ \let\unnumberedsec=\relax
+ \let\unnumberedsection=\relax
+ \let\unnumberedsubsec=\relax
+ \let\unnumberedsubsection=\relax
+ \let\unnumberedsubsubsec=\relax
+ \let\unnumberedsubsubsection=\relax
+ \let\section=\relax
+ \let\subsec=\relax
+ \let\subsubsec=\relax
+ \let\subsection=\relax
+ \let\subsubsection=\relax
+ \let\appendix=\relax
+ \let\appendixsec=\relax
+ \let\appendixsection=\relax
+ \let\appendixsubsec=\relax
+ \let\appendixsubsection=\relax
+ \let\appendixsubsubsec=\relax
+ \let\appendixsubsubsection=\relax
+ \let\contents=\relax
+ \let\smallbook=\relax
+ \let\titlepage=\relax
+}
+
+% Used in nested conditionals, where we have to parse the Texinfo source
+% and so want to turn off most commands, in case they are used
+% incorrectly.
+%
+% We use \empty instead of \relax for the @def... commands, so that \end
+% doesn't throw an error. For instance:
+% @ignore
+% @deffn ...
+% @end deffn
+% @end ignore
+%
+% The @end deffn is going to get expanded, because we're trying to allow
+% nested conditionals. But we don't want to expand the actual @deffn,
+% since it might be syntactically correct and intended to be ignored.
+% Since \end checks for \relax, using \empty does not cause an error.
+%
+\def\ignoremorecommands{%
+ \let\defcodeindex = \relax
+ \let\defcv = \empty
+ \let\defcvx = \empty
+ \let\Edefcv = \empty
+ \let\deffn = \empty
+ \let\deffnx = \empty
+ \let\Edeffn = \empty
+ \let\defindex = \relax
+ \let\defivar = \empty
+ \let\defivarx = \empty
+ \let\Edefivar = \empty
+ \let\defmac = \empty
+ \let\defmacx = \empty
+ \let\Edefmac = \empty
+ \let\defmethod = \empty
+ \let\defmethodx = \empty
+ \let\Edefmethod = \empty
+ \let\defop = \empty
+ \let\defopx = \empty
+ \let\Edefop = \empty
+ \let\defopt = \empty
+ \let\defoptx = \empty
+ \let\Edefopt = \empty
+ \let\defspec = \empty
+ \let\defspecx = \empty
+ \let\Edefspec = \empty
+ \let\deftp = \empty
+ \let\deftpx = \empty
+ \let\Edeftp = \empty
+ \let\deftypefn = \empty
+ \let\deftypefnx = \empty
+ \let\Edeftypefn = \empty
+ \let\deftypefun = \empty
+ \let\deftypefunx = \empty
+ \let\Edeftypefun = \empty
+ \let\deftypeivar = \empty
+ \let\deftypeivarx = \empty
+ \let\Edeftypeivar = \empty
+ \let\deftypemethod = \empty
+ \let\deftypemethodx = \empty
+ \let\Edeftypemethod = \empty
+ \let\deftypeop = \empty
+ \let\deftypeopx = \empty
+ \let\Edeftypeop = \empty
+ \let\deftypevar = \empty
+ \let\deftypevarx = \empty
+ \let\Edeftypevar = \empty
+ \let\deftypevr = \empty
+ \let\deftypevrx = \empty
+ \let\Edeftypevr = \empty
+ \let\defun = \empty
+ \let\defunx = \empty
+ \let\Edefun = \empty
+ \let\defvar = \empty
+ \let\defvarx = \empty
+ \let\Edefvar = \empty
+ \let\defvr = \empty
+ \let\defvrx = \empty
+ \let\Edefvr = \empty
+ \let\clear = \relax
+ \let\down = \relax
+ \let\evenfooting = \relax
+ \let\evenheading = \relax
+ \let\everyfooting = \relax
+ \let\everyheading = \relax
+ \let\headings = \relax
+ \let\include = \relax
+ \let\item = \relax
+ \let\lowersections = \relax
+ \let\oddfooting = \relax
+ \let\oddheading = \relax
+ \let\printindex = \relax
+ \let\pxref = \relax
+ \let\raisesections = \relax
+ \let\ref = \relax
+ \let\set = \relax
+ \let\setchapternewpage = \relax
+ \let\setchapterstyle = \relax
+ \let\settitle = \relax
+ \let\up = \relax
+ \let\verbatiminclude = \relax
+ \let\xref = \relax
+}
+
+% Ignore @ignore, @ifhtml, @ifinfo, and the like.
+%
+\def\direntry{\doignore{direntry}}
+\def\documentdescriptionword{documentdescription}
+\def\documentdescription{\doignore{documentdescription}}
+\def\html{\doignore{html}}
+\def\ifhtml{\doignore{ifhtml}}
+\def\ifinfo{\doignore{ifinfo}}
+\def\ifnottex{\doignore{ifnottex}}
+\def\ifplaintext{\doignore{ifplaintext}}
+\def\ifxml{\doignore{ifxml}}
+\def\ignore{\doignore{ignore}}
+\def\menu{\doignore{menu}}
+\def\xml{\doignore{xml}}
+
+% @dircategory CATEGORY -- specify a category of the dir file
+% which this file should belong to. Ignore this in TeX.
+\let\dircategory = \comment
+
+% Ignore text until a line `@end #1'.
+%
+\def\doignore#1{\begingroup
+ % Don't complain about control sequences we have declared \outer.
+ \ignoresections
+ %
+ % Define a command to swallow text until we reach `@end #1'.
+ % This @ is a catcode 12 token (that is the normal catcode of @ in
+ % this texinfo.tex file). We change the catcode of @ below to match.
+ \long\def\doignoretext##1@end #1{\enddoignore}%
+ %
+ % Make sure that spaces turn into tokens that match what \doignoretext wants.
+ \catcode\spaceChar = 10
+ %
+ % Ignore braces, too, so mismatched braces don't cause trouble.
+ \catcode`\{ = 9
+ \catcode`\} = 9
+ %
+ % We must not have @c interpreted as a control sequence.
+ \catcode`\@ = 12
+ %
+ \def\ignoreword{#1}%
+ \ifx\ignoreword\documentdescriptionword
+ % The c kludge breaks documentdescription, since
+ % `documentdescription' contains a `c'. Means not everything will
+ % be ignored inside @documentdescription, but oh well...
+ \else
+ % Make the letter c a comment character so that the rest of the line
+ % will be ignored. This way, the document can have (for example)
+ % @c @end ifinfo
+ % and the @end ifinfo will be properly ignored.
+ % (We've just changed @ to catcode 12.)
+ \catcode`\c = 14
+ \fi
+ %
+ % And now expand the command defined above.
+ \doignoretext
+}
+
+% What we do to finish off ignored text.
+%
+\def\enddoignore{\endgroup\ignorespaces}%
+
+\newif\ifwarnedobs\warnedobsfalse
+\def\obstexwarn{%
+ \ifwarnedobs\relax\else
+ % We need to warn folks that they may have trouble with TeX 3.0.
+ % This uses \immediate\write16 rather than \message to get newlines.
+ \immediate\write16{}
+ \immediate\write16{WARNING: for users of Unix TeX 3.0!}
+ \immediate\write16{This manual trips a bug in TeX version 3.0 (tex hangs).}
+ \immediate\write16{If you are running another version of TeX, relax.}
+ \immediate\write16{If you are running Unix TeX 3.0, kill this TeX process.}
+ \immediate\write16{ Then upgrade your TeX installation if you can.}
+ \immediate\write16{ (See ftp://ftp.gnu.org/non-gnu/TeX.README.)}
+ \immediate\write16{If you are stuck with version 3.0, run the}
+ \immediate\write16{ script ``tex3patch'' from the Texinfo distribution}
+ \immediate\write16{ to use a workaround.}
+ \immediate\write16{}
+ \global\warnedobstrue
+ \fi
+}
+
+% **In TeX 3.0, setting text in \nullfont hangs tex. For a
+% workaround (which requires the file ``dummy.tfm'' to be installed),
+% uncomment the following line:
+%%%%%\font\nullfont=dummy\let\obstexwarn=\relax
+
+% Ignore text, except that we keep track of conditional commands for
+% purposes of nesting, up to an `@end #1' command.
+%
+\def\nestedignore#1{%
+ \obstexwarn
+ % We must actually expand the ignored text to look for the @end
+ % command, so that nested ignore constructs work. Thus, we put the
+ % text into a \vbox and then do nothing with the result. To minimize
+ % the chance of memory overflow, we follow the approach outlined on
+ % page 401 of the TeXbook.
+ %
+ \setbox0 = \vbox\bgroup
+ % Don't complain about control sequences we have declared \outer.
+ \ignoresections
+ %
+ % Define `@end #1' to end the box, which will in turn undefine the
+ % @end command again.
+ \expandafter\def\csname E#1\endcsname{\egroup\ignorespaces}%
+ %
+ % We are going to be parsing Texinfo commands. Most cause no
+ % trouble when they are used incorrectly, but some commands do
+ % complicated argument parsing or otherwise get confused, so we
+ % undefine them.
+ %
+ % We can't do anything about stray @-signs, unfortunately;
+ % they'll produce `undefined control sequence' errors.
+ \ignoremorecommands
+ %
+ % Set the current font to be \nullfont, a TeX primitive, and define
+ % all the font commands to also use \nullfont. We don't use
+ % dummy.tfm, as suggested in the TeXbook, because some sites
+ % might not have that installed. Therefore, math mode will still
+ % produce output, but that should be an extremely small amount of
+ % stuff compared to the main input.
+ %
+ \nullfont
+ \let\tenrm=\nullfont \let\tenit=\nullfont \let\tensl=\nullfont
+ \let\tenbf=\nullfont \let\tentt=\nullfont \let\smallcaps=\nullfont
+ \let\tensf=\nullfont
+ % Similarly for index fonts.
+ \let\smallrm=\nullfont \let\smallit=\nullfont \let\smallsl=\nullfont
+ \let\smallbf=\nullfont \let\smalltt=\nullfont \let\smallsc=\nullfont
+ \let\smallsf=\nullfont
+ % Similarly for smallexample fonts.
+ \let\smallerrm=\nullfont \let\smallerit=\nullfont \let\smallersl=\nullfont
+ \let\smallerbf=\nullfont \let\smallertt=\nullfont \let\smallersc=\nullfont
+ \let\smallersf=\nullfont
+ %
+ % Don't complain when characters are missing from the fonts.
+ \tracinglostchars = 0
+ %
+ % Don't bother to do space factor calculations.
+ \frenchspacing
+ %
+ % Don't report underfull hboxes.
+ \hbadness = 10000
+ %
+ % Do minimal line-breaking.
+ \pretolerance = 10000
+ %
+ % Do not execute instructions in @tex.
+ \def\tex{\doignore{tex}}%
+ % Do not execute macro definitions.
+ % `c' is a comment character, so the word `macro' will get cut off.
+ \def\macro{\doignore{ma}}%
+}
+
+% @set VAR sets the variable VAR to an empty value.
+% @set VAR REST-OF-LINE sets VAR to the value REST-OF-LINE.
+%
+% Since we want to separate VAR from REST-OF-LINE (which might be
+% empty), we can't just use \parsearg; we have to insert a space of our
+% own to delimit the rest of the line, and then take it out again if we
+% didn't need it. Make sure the catcode of space is correct to avoid
+% losing inside @example, for instance.
+%
+\def\set{\begingroup\catcode` =10
+ \catcode`\-=12 \catcode`\_=12 % Allow - and _ in VAR.
+ \parsearg\setxxx}
+\def\setxxx#1{\setyyy#1 \endsetyyy}
+\def\setyyy#1 #2\endsetyyy{%
+ \def\temp{#2}%
+ \ifx\temp\empty \global\expandafter\let\csname SET#1\endcsname = \empty
+ \else \setzzz{#1}#2\endsetzzz % Remove the trailing space \setxxx inserted.
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+}
+% Can't use \xdef to pre-expand #2 and save some time, since \temp or
+% \next or other control sequences that we've defined might get us into
+% an infinite loop. Consider `@set foo @cite{bar}'.
+\def\setzzz#1#2 \endsetzzz{\expandafter\gdef\csname SET#1\endcsname{#2}}
+
+% @clear VAR clears (i.e., unsets) the variable VAR.
+%
+\def\clear{\parsearg\clearxxx}
+\def\clearxxx#1{\global\expandafter\let\csname SET#1\endcsname=\relax}
+
+% @value{foo} gets the text saved in variable foo.
+{
+ \catcode`\_ = \active
+ %
+ % We might end up with active _ or - characters in the argument if
+ % we're called from @code, as @code{@value{foo-bar_}}. So \let any
+ % such active characters to their normal equivalents.
+ \gdef\value{\begingroup
+ \catcode`\-=\other \catcode`\_=\other
+ \indexbreaks \let_\normalunderscore
+ \valuexxx}
+}
+\def\valuexxx#1{\expandablevalue{#1}\endgroup}
+
+% We have this subroutine so that we can handle at least some @value's
+% properly in indexes (we \let\value to this in \indexdummies). Ones
+% whose names contain - or _ still won't work, but we can't do anything
+% about that. The command has to be fully expandable (if the variable
+% is set), since the result winds up in the index file. This means that
+% if the variable's value contains other Texinfo commands, it's almost
+% certain it will fail (although perhaps we could fix that with
+% sufficient work to do a one-level expansion on the result, instead of
+% complete).
+%
+\def\expandablevalue#1{%
+ \expandafter\ifx\csname SET#1\endcsname\relax
+ {[No value for ``#1'']}%
+ \message{Variable `#1', used in @value, is not set.}%
+ \else
+ \csname SET#1\endcsname
+ \fi
+}
+
+% @ifset VAR ... @end ifset reads the `...' iff VAR has been defined
+% with @set.
+%
+\def\ifset{\parsearg\doifset}
+\def\doifset#1{%
+ \expandafter\ifx\csname SET#1\endcsname\relax
+ \let\next=\ifsetfail
+ \else
+ \let\next=\ifsetsucceed
+ \fi
+ \next
+}
+\def\ifsetsucceed{\conditionalsucceed{ifset}}
+\def\ifsetfail{\nestedignore{ifset}}
+\defineunmatchedend{ifset}
+
+% @ifclear VAR ... @end ifclear reads the `...' iff VAR has never been
+% defined with @set, or has been undefined with @clear.
+%
+\def\ifclear{\parsearg\doifclear}
+\def\doifclear#1{%
+ \expandafter\ifx\csname SET#1\endcsname\relax
+ \let\next=\ifclearsucceed
+ \else
+ \let\next=\ifclearfail
+ \fi
+ \next
+}
+\def\ifclearsucceed{\conditionalsucceed{ifclear}}
+\def\ifclearfail{\nestedignore{ifclear}}
+\defineunmatchedend{ifclear}
+
+% @iftex, @ifnothtml, @ifnotinfo, @ifnotplaintext always succeed; we
+% read the text following, through the first @end iftex (etc.). Make
+% `@end iftex' (etc.) valid only after an @iftex.
+%
+\def\iftex{\conditionalsucceed{iftex}}
+\def\ifnothtml{\conditionalsucceed{ifnothtml}}
+\def\ifnotinfo{\conditionalsucceed{ifnotinfo}}
+\def\ifnotplaintext{\conditionalsucceed{ifnotplaintext}}
+\defineunmatchedend{iftex}
+\defineunmatchedend{ifnothtml}
+\defineunmatchedend{ifnotinfo}
+\defineunmatchedend{ifnotplaintext}
+
+% True conditional. Since \set globally defines its variables, we can
+% just start and end a group (to keep the @end definition undefined at
+% the outer level).
+%
+\def\conditionalsucceed#1{\begingroup
+ \expandafter\def\csname E#1\endcsname{\endgroup}%
+}
+
+% @defininfoenclose.
+\let\definfoenclose=\comment
+
+
+\message{indexing,}
+% Index generation facilities
+
+% Define \newwrite to be identical to plain tex's \newwrite
+% except not \outer, so it can be used within \newindex.
+{\catcode`\@=11
+\gdef\newwrite{\alloc@7\write\chardef\sixt@@n}}
+
+% \newindex {foo} defines an index named foo.
+% It automatically defines \fooindex such that
+% \fooindex ...rest of line... puts an entry in the index foo.
+% It also defines \fooindfile to be the number of the output channel for
+% the file that accumulates this index. The file's extension is foo.
+% The name of an index should be no more than 2 characters long
+% for the sake of vms.
+%
+\def\newindex#1{%
+ \iflinks
+ \expandafter\newwrite \csname#1indfile\endcsname
+ \openout \csname#1indfile\endcsname \jobname.#1 % Open the file
+ \fi
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname#1index\endcsname{% % Define @#1index
+ \noexpand\doindex{#1}}
+}
+
+% @defindex foo == \newindex{foo}
+%
+\def\defindex{\parsearg\newindex}
+
+% Define @defcodeindex, like @defindex except put all entries in @code.
+%
+\def\defcodeindex{\parsearg\newcodeindex}
+%
+\def\newcodeindex#1{%
+ \iflinks
+ \expandafter\newwrite \csname#1indfile\endcsname
+ \openout \csname#1indfile\endcsname \jobname.#1
+ \fi
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname#1index\endcsname{%
+ \noexpand\docodeindex{#1}}%
+}
+
+
+% @synindex foo bar makes index foo feed into index bar.
+% Do this instead of @defindex foo if you don't want it as a separate index.
+%
+% @syncodeindex foo bar similar, but put all entries made for index foo
+% inside @code.
+%
+\def\synindex#1 #2 {\dosynindex\doindex{#1}{#2}}
+\def\syncodeindex#1 #2 {\dosynindex\docodeindex{#1}{#2}}
+
+% #1 is \doindex or \docodeindex, #2 the index getting redefined (foo),
+% #3 the target index (bar).
+\def\dosynindex#1#2#3{%
+ % Only do \closeout if we haven't already done it, else we'll end up
+ % closing the target index.
+ \expandafter \ifx\csname donesynindex#2\endcsname \undefined
+ % The \closeout helps reduce unnecessary open files; the limit on the
+ % Acorn RISC OS is a mere 16 files.
+ \expandafter\closeout\csname#2indfile\endcsname
+ \expandafter\let\csname\donesynindex#2\endcsname = 1
+ \fi
+ % redefine \fooindfile:
+ \expandafter\let\expandafter\temp\expandafter=\csname#3indfile\endcsname
+ \expandafter\let\csname#2indfile\endcsname=\temp
+ % redefine \fooindex:
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname#2index\endcsname{\noexpand#1{#3}}%
+}
+
+% Define \doindex, the driver for all \fooindex macros.
+% Argument #1 is generated by the calling \fooindex macro,
+% and it is "foo", the name of the index.
+
+% \doindex just uses \parsearg; it calls \doind for the actual work.
+% This is because \doind is more useful to call from other macros.
+
+% There is also \dosubind {index}{topic}{subtopic}
+% which makes an entry in a two-level index such as the operation index.
+
+\def\doindex#1{\edef\indexname{#1}\parsearg\singleindexer}
+\def\singleindexer #1{\doind{\indexname}{#1}}
+
+% like the previous two, but they put @code around the argument.
+\def\docodeindex#1{\edef\indexname{#1}\parsearg\singlecodeindexer}
+\def\singlecodeindexer #1{\doind{\indexname}{\code{#1}}}
+
+% Take care of Texinfo commands that can appear in an index entry.
+% Since there are some commands we want to expand, and others we don't,
+% we have to laboriously prevent expansion for those that we don't.
+%
+\def\indexdummies{%
+ \def\@{@}% change to @@ when we switch to @ as escape char in index files.
+ \def\ {\realbackslash\space }%
+ % Need these in case \tex is in effect and \{ is a \delimiter again.
+ % But can't use \lbracecmd and \rbracecmd because texindex assumes
+ % braces and backslashes are used only as delimiters.
+ \let\{ = \mylbrace
+ \let\} = \myrbrace
+ %
+ % \definedummyword defines \#1 as \realbackslash #1\space, thus
+ % effectively preventing its expansion. This is used only for control
+ % words, not control letters, because the \space would be incorrect
+ % for control characters, but is needed to separate the control word
+ % from whatever follows.
+ %
+ % For control letters, we have \definedummyletter, which omits the
+ % space.
+ %
+ % These can be used both for control words that take an argument and
+ % those that do not. If it is followed by {arg} in the input, then
+ % that will dutifully get written to the index (or wherever).
+ %
+ \def\definedummyword##1{%
+ \expandafter\def\csname ##1\endcsname{\realbackslash ##1\space}%
+ }%
+ \def\definedummyletter##1{%
+ \expandafter\def\csname ##1\endcsname{\realbackslash ##1}%
+ }%
+ %
+ % Do the redefinitions.
+ \commondummies
+}
+
+% For the aux file, @ is the escape character. So we want to redefine
+% everything using @ instead of \realbackslash. When everything uses
+% @, this will be simpler.
+%
+\def\atdummies{%
+ \def\@{@@}%
+ \def\ {@ }%
+ \let\{ = \lbraceatcmd
+ \let\} = \rbraceatcmd
+ %
+ % (See comments in \indexdummies.)
+ \def\definedummyword##1{%
+ \expandafter\def\csname ##1\endcsname{@##1\space}%
+ }%
+ \def\definedummyletter##1{%
+ \expandafter\def\csname ##1\endcsname{@##1}%
+ }%
+ %
+ % Do the redefinitions.
+ \commondummies
+}
+
+% Called from \indexdummies and \atdummies. \definedummyword and
+% \definedummyletter must be defined first.
+%
+\def\commondummies{%
+ %
+ \normalturnoffactive
+ %
+ % Control letters and accents.
+ \definedummyletter{_}%
+ \definedummyletter{,}%
+ \definedummyletter{"}%
+ \definedummyletter{`}%
+ \definedummyletter{'}%
+ \definedummyletter{^}%
+ \definedummyletter{~}%
+ \definedummyletter{=}%
+ \definedummyword{u}%
+ \definedummyword{v}%
+ \definedummyword{H}%
+ \definedummyword{dotaccent}%
+ \definedummyword{ringaccent}%
+ \definedummyword{tieaccent}%
+ \definedummyword{ubaraccent}%
+ \definedummyword{udotaccent}%
+ \definedummyword{dotless}%
+ %
+ % Other non-English letters.
+ \definedummyword{AA}%
+ \definedummyword{AE}%
+ \definedummyword{L}%
+ \definedummyword{OE}%
+ \definedummyword{O}%
+ \definedummyword{aa}%
+ \definedummyword{ae}%
+ \definedummyword{l}%
+ \definedummyword{oe}%
+ \definedummyword{o}%
+ \definedummyword{ss}%
+ %
+ % Although these internal commands shouldn't show up, sometimes they do.
+ \definedummyword{bf}%
+ \definedummyword{gtr}%
+ \definedummyword{hat}%
+ \definedummyword{less}%
+ \definedummyword{sf}%
+ \definedummyword{sl}%
+ \definedummyword{tclose}%
+ \definedummyword{tt}%
+ %
+ % Texinfo font commands.
+ \definedummyword{b}%
+ \definedummyword{i}%
+ \definedummyword{r}%
+ \definedummyword{sc}%
+ \definedummyword{t}%
+ %
+ \definedummyword{TeX}%
+ \definedummyword{acronym}%
+ \definedummyword{cite}%
+ \definedummyword{code}%
+ \definedummyword{command}%
+ \definedummyword{dfn}%
+ \definedummyword{dots}%
+ \definedummyword{emph}%
+ \definedummyword{env}%
+ \definedummyword{file}%
+ \definedummyword{kbd}%
+ \definedummyword{key}%
+ \definedummyword{math}%
+ \definedummyword{option}%
+ \definedummyword{samp}%
+ \definedummyword{strong}%
+ \definedummyword{uref}%
+ \definedummyword{url}%
+ \definedummyword{var}%
+ \definedummyword{w}%
+ %
+ % Assorted special characters.
+ \definedummyword{bullet}%
+ \definedummyword{copyright}%
+ \definedummyword{dots}%
+ \definedummyword{enddots}%
+ \definedummyword{equiv}%
+ \definedummyword{error}%
+ \definedummyword{expansion}%
+ \definedummyword{minus}%
+ \definedummyword{pounds}%
+ \definedummyword{point}%
+ \definedummyword{print}%
+ \definedummyword{result}%
+ %
+ % Handle some cases of @value -- where the variable name does not
+ % contain - or _, and the value does not contain any
+ % (non-fully-expandable) commands.
+ \let\value = \expandablevalue
+ %
+ % Normal spaces, not active ones.
+ \unsepspaces
+ %
+ % No macro expansion.
+ \turnoffmacros
+}
+
+% If an index command is used in an @example environment, any spaces
+% therein should become regular spaces in the raw index file, not the
+% expansion of \tie (\leavevmode \penalty \@M \ ).
+{\obeyspaces
+ \gdef\unsepspaces{\obeyspaces\let =\space}}
+
+
+% \indexnofonts is used when outputting the strings to sort the index
+% by, and when constructing control sequence names. It eliminates all
+% control sequences and just writes whatever the best ASCII sort string
+% would be for a given command (usually its argument).
+%
+\def\indexdummytex{TeX}
+\def\indexdummydots{...}
+%
+\def\indexnofonts{%
+ \def\ { }%
+ \def\@{@}%
+ % how to handle braces?
+ \def\_{\normalunderscore}%
+ %
+ \let\,=\asis
+ \let\"=\asis
+ \let\`=\asis
+ \let\'=\asis
+ \let\^=\asis
+ \let\~=\asis
+ \let\==\asis
+ \let\u=\asis
+ \let\v=\asis
+ \let\H=\asis
+ \let\dotaccent=\asis
+ \let\ringaccent=\asis
+ \let\tieaccent=\asis
+ \let\ubaraccent=\asis
+ \let\udotaccent=\asis
+ \let\dotless=\asis
+ %
+ % Other non-English letters.
+ \def\AA{AA}%
+ \def\AE{AE}%
+ \def\L{L}%
+ \def\OE{OE}%
+ \def\O{O}%
+ \def\aa{aa}%
+ \def\ae{ae}%
+ \def\l{l}%
+ \def\oe{oe}%
+ \def\o{o}%
+ \def\ss{ss}%
+ \def\exclamdown{!}%
+ \def\questiondown{?}%
+ %
+ % Don't no-op \tt, since it isn't a user-level command
+ % and is used in the definitions of the active chars like <, >, |, etc.
+ % Likewise with the other plain tex font commands.
+ %\let\tt=\asis
+ %
+ % Texinfo font commands.
+ \let\b=\asis
+ \let\i=\asis
+ \let\r=\asis
+ \let\sc=\asis
+ \let\t=\asis
+ %
+ \let\TeX=\indexdummytex
+ \let\acronym=\asis
+ \let\cite=\asis
+ \let\code=\asis
+ \let\command=\asis
+ \let\dfn=\asis
+ \let\dots=\indexdummydots
+ \let\emph=\asis
+ \let\env=\asis
+ \let\file=\asis
+ \let\kbd=\asis
+ \let\key=\asis
+ \let\math=\asis
+ \let\option=\asis
+ \let\samp=\asis
+ \let\strong=\asis
+ \let\uref=\asis
+ \let\url=\asis
+ \let\var=\asis
+ \let\w=\asis
+}
+
+\let\indexbackslash=0 %overridden during \printindex.
+\let\SETmarginindex=\relax % put index entries in margin (undocumented)?
+
+% For \ifx comparisons.
+\def\emptymacro{\empty}
+
+% Most index entries go through here, but \dosubind is the general case.
+%
+\def\doind#1#2{\dosubind{#1}{#2}\empty}
+
+% Workhorse for all \fooindexes.
+% #1 is name of index, #2 is stuff to put there, #3 is subentry --
+% \empty if called from \doind, as we usually are. The main exception
+% is with defuns, which call us directly.
+%
+\def\dosubind#1#2#3{%
+ % Put the index entry in the margin if desired.
+ \ifx\SETmarginindex\relax\else
+ \insert\margin{\hbox{\vrule height8pt depth3pt width0pt #2}}%
+ \fi
+ {%
+ \count255=\lastpenalty
+ {%
+ \indexdummies % Must do this here, since \bf, etc expand at this stage
+ \escapechar=`\\
+ {%
+ \let\folio = 0% We will expand all macros now EXCEPT \folio.
+ \def\rawbackslashxx{\indexbackslash}% \indexbackslash isn't defined now
+ % so it will be output as is; and it will print as backslash.
+ %
+ % The main index entry text.
+ \toks0 = {#2}%
+ %
+ % If third arg is present, precede it with space in sort key.
+ \def\thirdarg{#3}%
+ \ifx\thirdarg\emptymacro \else
+ % If the third (subentry) arg is present, add it to the index
+ % line to write.
+ \toks0 = \expandafter{\the\toks0 \space #3}%
+ \fi
+ %
+ % Process the index entry with all font commands turned off, to
+ % get the string to sort by.
+ {\indexnofonts
+ \edef\temp{\the\toks0}% need full expansion
+ \xdef\indexsorttmp{\temp}%
+ }%
+ %
+ % Set up the complete index entry, with both the sort key and
+ % the original text, including any font commands. We write
+ % three arguments to \entry to the .?? file (four in the
+ % subentry case), texindex reduces to two when writing the .??s
+ % sorted result.
+ \edef\temp{%
+ \write\csname#1indfile\endcsname{%
+ \realbackslash entry{\indexsorttmp}{\folio}{\the\toks0}}%
+ }%
+ %
+ % If a skip is the last thing on the list now, preserve it
+ % by backing up by \lastskip, doing the \write, then inserting
+ % the skip again. Otherwise, the whatsit generated by the
+ % \write will make \lastskip zero. The result is that sequences
+ % like this:
+ % @end defun
+ % @tindex whatever
+ % @defun ...
+ % will have extra space inserted, because the \medbreak in the
+ % start of the @defun won't see the skip inserted by the @end of
+ % the previous defun.
+ %
+ % But don't do any of this if we're not in vertical mode. We
+ % don't want to do a \vskip and prematurely end a paragraph.
+ %
+ % Avoid page breaks due to these extra skips, too.
+ %
+ \iflinks
+ \ifvmode
+ \skip0 = \lastskip
+ \ifdim\lastskip = 0pt \else \nobreak\vskip-\skip0 \fi
+ \fi
+ %
+ \temp % do the write
+ %
+ \ifvmode \ifdim\skip0 = 0pt \else \nobreak\vskip\skip0 \fi \fi
+ \fi
+ }%
+ }%
+ \penalty\count255
+ }%
+}
+
+% The index entry written in the file actually looks like
+% \entry {sortstring}{page}{topic}
+% or
+% \entry {sortstring}{page}{topic}{subtopic}
+% The texindex program reads in these files and writes files
+% containing these kinds of lines:
+% \initial {c}
+% before the first topic whose initial is c
+% \entry {topic}{pagelist}
+% for a topic that is used without subtopics
+% \primary {topic}
+% for the beginning of a topic that is used with subtopics
+% \secondary {subtopic}{pagelist}
+% for each subtopic.
+
+% Define the user-accessible indexing commands
+% @findex, @vindex, @kindex, @cindex.
+
+\def\findex {\fnindex}
+\def\kindex {\kyindex}
+\def\cindex {\cpindex}
+\def\vindex {\vrindex}
+\def\tindex {\tpindex}
+\def\pindex {\pgindex}
+
+\def\cindexsub {\begingroup\obeylines\cindexsub}
+{\obeylines %
+\gdef\cindexsub "#1" #2^^M{\endgroup %
+\dosubind{cp}{#2}{#1}}}
+
+% Define the macros used in formatting output of the sorted index material.
+
+% @printindex causes a particular index (the ??s file) to get printed.
+% It does not print any chapter heading (usually an @unnumbered).
+%
+\def\printindex{\parsearg\doprintindex}
+\def\doprintindex#1{\begingroup
+ \dobreak \chapheadingskip{10000}%
+ %
+ \smallfonts \rm
+ \tolerance = 9500
+ \indexbreaks
+ %
+ % See if the index file exists and is nonempty.
+ % Change catcode of @ here so that if the index file contains
+ % \initial {@}
+ % as its first line, TeX doesn't complain about mismatched braces
+ % (because it thinks @} is a control sequence).
+ \catcode`\@ = 11
+ \openin 1 \jobname.#1s
+ \ifeof 1
+ % \enddoublecolumns gets confused if there is no text in the index,
+ % and it loses the chapter title and the aux file entries for the
+ % index. The easiest way to prevent this problem is to make sure
+ % there is some text.
+ \putwordIndexNonexistent
+ \else
+ %
+ % If the index file exists but is empty, then \openin leaves \ifeof
+ % false. We have to make TeX try to read something from the file, so
+ % it can discover if there is anything in it.
+ \read 1 to \temp
+ \ifeof 1
+ \putwordIndexIsEmpty
+ \else
+ % Index files are almost Texinfo source, but we use \ as the escape
+ % character. It would be better to use @, but that's too big a change
+ % to make right now.
+ \def\indexbackslash{\rawbackslashxx}%
+ \catcode`\\ = 0
+ \escapechar = `\\
+ \begindoublecolumns
+ \input \jobname.#1s
+ \enddoublecolumns
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \closein 1
+\endgroup}
+
+% These macros are used by the sorted index file itself.
+% Change them to control the appearance of the index.
+
+\def\initial#1{{%
+ % Some minor font changes for the special characters.
+ \let\tentt=\sectt \let\tt=\sectt \let\sf=\sectt
+ %
+ % Remove any glue we may have, we'll be inserting our own.
+ \removelastskip
+ %
+ % We like breaks before the index initials, so insert a bonus.
+ \penalty -300
+ %
+ % Typeset the initial. Making this add up to a whole number of
+ % baselineskips increases the chance of the dots lining up from column
+ % to column. It still won't often be perfect, because of the stretch
+ % we need before each entry, but it's better.
+ %
+ % No shrink because it confuses \balancecolumns.
+ \vskip 1.67\baselineskip plus .5\baselineskip
+ \leftline{\secbf #1}%
+ \vskip .33\baselineskip plus .1\baselineskip
+ %
+ % Do our best not to break after the initial.
+ \nobreak
+}}
+
+% This typesets a paragraph consisting of #1, dot leaders, and then #2
+% flush to the right margin. It is used for index and table of contents
+% entries. The paragraph is indented by \leftskip.
+%
+\def\entry#1#2{\begingroup
+ %
+ % Start a new paragraph if necessary, so our assignments below can't
+ % affect previous text.
+ \par
+ %
+ % Do not fill out the last line with white space.
+ \parfillskip = 0in
+ %
+ % No extra space above this paragraph.
+ \parskip = 0in
+ %
+ % Do not prefer a separate line ending with a hyphen to fewer lines.
+ \finalhyphendemerits = 0
+ %
+ % \hangindent is only relevant when the entry text and page number
+ % don't both fit on one line. In that case, bob suggests starting the
+ % dots pretty far over on the line. Unfortunately, a large
+ % indentation looks wrong when the entry text itself is broken across
+ % lines. So we use a small indentation and put up with long leaders.
+ %
+ % \hangafter is reset to 1 (which is the value we want) at the start
+ % of each paragraph, so we need not do anything with that.
+ \hangindent = 2em
+ %
+ % When the entry text needs to be broken, just fill out the first line
+ % with blank space.
+ \rightskip = 0pt plus1fil
+ %
+ % A bit of stretch before each entry for the benefit of balancing columns.
+ \vskip 0pt plus1pt
+ %
+ % Start a ``paragraph'' for the index entry so the line breaking
+ % parameters we've set above will have an effect.
+ \noindent
+ %
+ % Insert the text of the index entry. TeX will do line-breaking on it.
+ #1%
+ % The following is kludged to not output a line of dots in the index if
+ % there are no page numbers. The next person who breaks this will be
+ % cursed by a Unix daemon.
+ \def\tempa{{\rm }}%
+ \def\tempb{#2}%
+ \edef\tempc{\tempa}%
+ \edef\tempd{\tempb}%
+ \ifx\tempc\tempd\ \else%
+ %
+ % If we must, put the page number on a line of its own, and fill out
+ % this line with blank space. (The \hfil is overwhelmed with the
+ % fill leaders glue in \indexdotfill if the page number does fit.)
+ \hfil\penalty50
+ \null\nobreak\indexdotfill % Have leaders before the page number.
+ %
+ % The `\ ' here is removed by the implicit \unskip that TeX does as
+ % part of (the primitive) \par. Without it, a spurious underfull
+ % \hbox ensues.
+ \ifpdf
+ \pdfgettoks#2.\ \the\toksA % The page number ends the paragraph.
+ \else
+ \ #2% The page number ends the paragraph.
+ \fi
+ \fi%
+ \par
+\endgroup}
+
+% Like \dotfill except takes at least 1 em.
+\def\indexdotfill{\cleaders
+ \hbox{$\mathsurround=0pt \mkern1.5mu ${\it .}$ \mkern1.5mu$}\hskip 1em plus 1fill}
+
+\def\primary #1{\line{#1\hfil}}
+
+\newskip\secondaryindent \secondaryindent=0.5cm
+\def\secondary#1#2{{%
+ \parfillskip=0in
+ \parskip=0in
+ \hangindent=1in
+ \hangafter=1
+ \noindent\hskip\secondaryindent\hbox{#1}\indexdotfill
+ \ifpdf
+ \pdfgettoks#2.\ \the\toksA % The page number ends the paragraph.
+ \else
+ #2
+ \fi
+ \par
+}}
+
+% Define two-column mode, which we use to typeset indexes.
+% Adapted from the TeXbook, page 416, which is to say,
+% the manmac.tex format used to print the TeXbook itself.
+\catcode`\@=11
+
+\newbox\partialpage
+\newdimen\doublecolumnhsize
+
+\def\begindoublecolumns{\begingroup % ended by \enddoublecolumns
+ % Grab any single-column material above us.
+ \output = {%
+ %
+ % Here is a possibility not foreseen in manmac: if we accumulate a
+ % whole lot of material, we might end up calling this \output
+ % routine twice in a row (see the doublecol-lose test, which is
+ % essentially a couple of indexes with @setchapternewpage off). In
+ % that case we just ship out what is in \partialpage with the normal
+ % output routine. Generally, \partialpage will be empty when this
+ % runs and this will be a no-op. See the indexspread.tex test case.
+ \ifvoid\partialpage \else
+ \onepageout{\pagecontents\partialpage}%
+ \fi
+ %
+ \global\setbox\partialpage = \vbox{%
+ % Unvbox the main output page.
+ \unvbox\PAGE
+ \kern-\topskip \kern\baselineskip
+ }%
+ }%
+ \eject % run that output routine to set \partialpage
+ %
+ % Use the double-column output routine for subsequent pages.
+ \output = {\doublecolumnout}%
+ %
+ % Change the page size parameters. We could do this once outside this
+ % routine, in each of @smallbook, @afourpaper, and the default 8.5x11
+ % format, but then we repeat the same computation. Repeating a couple
+ % of assignments once per index is clearly meaningless for the
+ % execution time, so we may as well do it in one place.
+ %
+ % First we halve the line length, less a little for the gutter between
+ % the columns. We compute the gutter based on the line length, so it
+ % changes automatically with the paper format. The magic constant
+ % below is chosen so that the gutter has the same value (well, +-<1pt)
+ % as it did when we hard-coded it.
+ %
+ % We put the result in a separate register, \doublecolumhsize, so we
+ % can restore it in \pagesofar, after \hsize itself has (potentially)
+ % been clobbered.
+ %
+ \doublecolumnhsize = \hsize
+ \advance\doublecolumnhsize by -.04154\hsize
+ \divide\doublecolumnhsize by 2
+ \hsize = \doublecolumnhsize
+ %
+ % Double the \vsize as well. (We don't need a separate register here,
+ % since nobody clobbers \vsize.)
+ \vsize = 2\vsize
+}
+
+% The double-column output routine for all double-column pages except
+% the last.
+%
+\def\doublecolumnout{%
+ \splittopskip=\topskip \splitmaxdepth=\maxdepth
+ % Get the available space for the double columns -- the normal
+ % (undoubled) page height minus any material left over from the
+ % previous page.
+ \dimen@ = \vsize
+ \divide\dimen@ by 2
+ \advance\dimen@ by -\ht\partialpage
+ %
+ % box0 will be the left-hand column, box2 the right.
+ \setbox0=\vsplit255 to\dimen@ \setbox2=\vsplit255 to\dimen@
+ \onepageout\pagesofar
+ \unvbox255
+ \penalty\outputpenalty
+}
+%
+% Re-output the contents of the output page -- any previous material,
+% followed by the two boxes we just split, in box0 and box2.
+\def\pagesofar{%
+ \unvbox\partialpage
+ %
+ \hsize = \doublecolumnhsize
+ \wd0=\hsize \wd2=\hsize
+ \hbox to\pagewidth{\box0\hfil\box2}%
+}
+%
+% All done with double columns.
+\def\enddoublecolumns{%
+ \output = {%
+ % Split the last of the double-column material. Leave it on the
+ % current page, no automatic page break.
+ \balancecolumns
+ %
+ % If we end up splitting too much material for the current page,
+ % though, there will be another page break right after this \output
+ % invocation ends. Having called \balancecolumns once, we do not
+ % want to call it again. Therefore, reset \output to its normal
+ % definition right away. (We hope \balancecolumns will never be
+ % called on to balance too much material, but if it is, this makes
+ % the output somewhat more palatable.)
+ \global\output = {\onepageout{\pagecontents\PAGE}}%
+ }%
+ \eject
+ \endgroup % started in \begindoublecolumns
+ %
+ % \pagegoal was set to the doubled \vsize above, since we restarted
+ % the current page. We're now back to normal single-column
+ % typesetting, so reset \pagegoal to the normal \vsize (after the
+ % \endgroup where \vsize got restored).
+ \pagegoal = \vsize
+}
+%
+% Called at the end of the double column material.
+\def\balancecolumns{%
+ \setbox0 = \vbox{\unvbox255}% like \box255 but more efficient, see p.120.
+ \dimen@ = \ht0
+ \advance\dimen@ by \topskip
+ \advance\dimen@ by-\baselineskip
+ \divide\dimen@ by 2 % target to split to
+ %debug\message{final 2-column material height=\the\ht0, target=\the\dimen@.}%
+ \splittopskip = \topskip
+ % Loop until we get a decent breakpoint.
+ {%
+ \vbadness = 10000
+ \loop
+ \global\setbox3 = \copy0
+ \global\setbox1 = \vsplit3 to \dimen@
+ \ifdim\ht3>\dimen@
+ \global\advance\dimen@ by 1pt
+ \repeat
+ }%
+ %debug\message{split to \the\dimen@, column heights: \the\ht1, \the\ht3.}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox to\dimen@{\unvbox1}%
+ \setbox2=\vbox to\dimen@{\unvbox3}%
+ %
+ \pagesofar
+}
+\catcode`\@ = \other
+
+
+\message{sectioning,}
+% Chapters, sections, etc.
+
+\newcount\chapno
+\newcount\secno \secno=0
+\newcount\subsecno \subsecno=0
+\newcount\subsubsecno \subsubsecno=0
+
+% This counter is funny since it counts through charcodes of letters A, B, ...
+\newcount\appendixno \appendixno = `\@
+% \def\appendixletter{\char\the\appendixno}
+% We do the following for the sake of pdftex, which needs the actual
+% letter in the expansion, not just typeset.
+\def\appendixletter{%
+ \ifnum\appendixno=`A A%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`B B%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`C C%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`D D%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`E E%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`F F%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`G G%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`H H%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`I I%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`J J%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`K K%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`L L%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`M M%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`N N%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`O O%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`P P%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`Q Q%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`R R%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`S S%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`T T%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`U U%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`V V%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`W W%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`X X%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`Y Y%
+ \else\ifnum\appendixno=`Z Z%
+ % The \the is necessary, despite appearances, because \appendixletter is
+ % expanded while writing the .toc file. \char\appendixno is not
+ % expandable, thus it is written literally, thus all appendixes come out
+ % with the same letter (or @) in the toc without it.
+ \else\char\the\appendixno
+ \fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi
+ \fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi}
+
+% Each @chapter defines this as the name of the chapter.
+% page headings and footings can use it. @section does likewise.
+\def\thischapter{}
+\def\thissection{}
+
+\newcount\absseclevel % used to calculate proper heading level
+\newcount\secbase\secbase=0 % @raise/lowersections modify this count
+
+% @raisesections: treat @section as chapter, @subsection as section, etc.
+\def\raisesections{\global\advance\secbase by -1}
+\let\up=\raisesections % original BFox name
+
+% @lowersections: treat @chapter as section, @section as subsection, etc.
+\def\lowersections{\global\advance\secbase by 1}
+\let\down=\lowersections % original BFox name
+
+% Choose a numbered-heading macro
+% #1 is heading level if unmodified by @raisesections or @lowersections
+% #2 is text for heading
+\def\numhead#1#2{\absseclevel=\secbase\advance\absseclevel by #1
+\ifcase\absseclevel
+ \chapterzzz{#2}
+\or
+ \seczzz{#2}
+\or
+ \numberedsubseczzz{#2}
+\or
+ \numberedsubsubseczzz{#2}
+\else
+ \ifnum \absseclevel<0
+ \chapterzzz{#2}
+ \else
+ \numberedsubsubseczzz{#2}
+ \fi
+\fi
+}
+
+% like \numhead, but chooses appendix heading levels
+\def\apphead#1#2{\absseclevel=\secbase\advance\absseclevel by #1
+\ifcase\absseclevel
+ \appendixzzz{#2}
+\or
+ \appendixsectionzzz{#2}
+\or
+ \appendixsubseczzz{#2}
+\or
+ \appendixsubsubseczzz{#2}
+\else
+ \ifnum \absseclevel<0
+ \appendixzzz{#2}
+ \else
+ \appendixsubsubseczzz{#2}
+ \fi
+\fi
+}
+
+% like \numhead, but chooses numberless heading levels
+\def\unnmhead#1#2{\absseclevel=\secbase\advance\absseclevel by #1
+\ifcase\absseclevel
+ \unnumberedzzz{#2}
+\or
+ \unnumberedseczzz{#2}
+\or
+ \unnumberedsubseczzz{#2}
+\or
+ \unnumberedsubsubseczzz{#2}
+\else
+ \ifnum \absseclevel<0
+ \unnumberedzzz{#2}
+ \else
+ \unnumberedsubsubseczzz{#2}
+ \fi
+\fi
+}
+
+% @chapter, @appendix, @unnumbered.
+\def\thischaptername{No Chapter Title}
+\outer\def\chapter{\parsearg\chapteryyy}
+\def\chapteryyy #1{\numhead0{#1}} % normally numhead0 calls chapterzzz
+\def\chapterzzz #1{%
+ \secno=0 \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0
+ \global\advance \chapno by 1 \message{\putwordChapter\space \the\chapno}%
+ \chapmacro {#1}{\the\chapno}%
+ \gdef\thissection{#1}%
+ \gdef\thischaptername{#1}%
+ % We don't substitute the actual chapter name into \thischapter
+ % because we don't want its macros evaluated now.
+ \xdef\thischapter{\putwordChapter{} \the\chapno: \noexpand\thischaptername}%
+ \writetocentry{chap}{#1}{{\the\chapno}}
+ \donoderef
+ \global\let\section = \numberedsec
+ \global\let\subsection = \numberedsubsec
+ \global\let\subsubsection = \numberedsubsubsec
+}
+
+% we use \chapno to avoid indenting back
+\def\appendixbox#1{%
+ \setbox0 = \hbox{\putwordAppendix{} \the\chapno}%
+ \hbox to \wd0{#1\hss}}
+
+\outer\def\appendix{\parsearg\appendixyyy}
+\def\appendixyyy #1{\apphead0{#1}} % normally apphead0 calls appendixzzz
+\def\appendixzzz #1{%
+ \secno=0 \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0
+ \global\advance \appendixno by 1
+ \message{\putwordAppendix\space \appendixletter}%
+ \chapmacro {#1}{\appendixbox{\putwordAppendix{} \appendixletter}}%
+ \gdef\thissection{#1}%
+ \gdef\thischaptername{#1}%
+ \xdef\thischapter{\putwordAppendix{} \appendixletter: \noexpand\thischaptername}%
+ \writetocentry{appendix}{#1}{{\appendixletter}}
+ \appendixnoderef
+ \global\let\section = \appendixsec
+ \global\let\subsection = \appendixsubsec
+ \global\let\subsubsection = \appendixsubsubsec
+}
+
+% @centerchap is like @unnumbered, but the heading is centered.
+\outer\def\centerchap{\parsearg\centerchapyyy}
+\def\centerchapyyy #1{{\let\unnumbchapmacro=\centerchapmacro \unnumberedyyy{#1}}}
+
+% @top is like @unnumbered.
+\outer\def\top{\parsearg\unnumberedyyy}
+
+\outer\def\unnumbered{\parsearg\unnumberedyyy}
+\def\unnumberedyyy #1{\unnmhead0{#1}} % normally unnmhead0 calls unnumberedzzz
+\def\unnumberedzzz #1{%
+ \secno=0 \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0
+ %
+ % This used to be simply \message{#1}, but TeX fully expands the
+ % argument to \message. Therefore, if #1 contained @-commands, TeX
+ % expanded them. For example, in `@unnumbered The @cite{Book}', TeX
+ % expanded @cite (which turns out to cause errors because \cite is meant
+ % to be executed, not expanded).
+ %
+ % Anyway, we don't want the fully-expanded definition of @cite to appear
+ % as a result of the \message, we just want `@cite' itself. We use
+ % \the<toks register> to achieve this: TeX expands \the<toks> only once,
+ % simply yielding the contents of <toks register>. (We also do this for
+ % the toc entries.)
+ \toks0 = {#1}\message{(\the\toks0)}%
+ %
+ \unnumbchapmacro {#1}%
+ \gdef\thischapter{#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}%
+ \writetocentry{unnumbchap}{#1}{{\the\chapno}}
+ \unnumbnoderef
+ \global\let\section = \unnumberedsec
+ \global\let\subsection = \unnumberedsubsec
+ \global\let\subsubsection = \unnumberedsubsubsec
+}
+
+% Sections.
+\outer\def\numberedsec{\parsearg\secyyy}
+\def\secyyy #1{\numhead1{#1}} % normally calls seczzz
+\def\seczzz #1{%
+ \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \secno by 1 %
+ \gdef\thissection{#1}\secheading {#1}{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}%
+ \writetocentry{sec}{#1}{{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}}
+ \donoderef
+ \nobreak
+}
+
+\outer\def\appendixsection{\parsearg\appendixsecyyy}
+\outer\def\appendixsec{\parsearg\appendixsecyyy}
+\def\appendixsecyyy #1{\apphead1{#1}} % normally calls appendixsectionzzz
+\def\appendixsectionzzz #1{%
+ \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \secno by 1 %
+ \gdef\thissection{#1}\secheading {#1}{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}%
+ \writetocentry{sec}{#1}{{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}}
+ \appendixnoderef
+ \nobreak
+}
+
+\outer\def\unnumberedsec{\parsearg\unnumberedsecyyy}
+\def\unnumberedsecyyy #1{\unnmhead1{#1}} % normally calls unnumberedseczzz
+\def\unnumberedseczzz #1{%
+ \plainsecheading {#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}%
+ \writetocentry{unnumbsec}{#1}{{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}}
+ \unnumbnoderef
+ \nobreak
+}
+
+% Subsections.
+\outer\def\numberedsubsec{\parsearg\numberedsubsecyyy}
+\def\numberedsubsecyyy #1{\numhead2{#1}} % normally calls numberedsubseczzz
+\def\numberedsubseczzz #1{%
+ \gdef\thissection{#1}\subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \subsecno by 1 %
+ \subsecheading {#1}{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}%
+ \writetocentry{subsec}{#1}{{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}}
+ \donoderef
+ \nobreak
+}
+
+\outer\def\appendixsubsec{\parsearg\appendixsubsecyyy}
+\def\appendixsubsecyyy #1{\apphead2{#1}} % normally calls appendixsubseczzz
+\def\appendixsubseczzz #1{%
+ \gdef\thissection{#1}\subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \subsecno by 1 %
+ \subsecheading {#1}{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}%
+ \writetocentry{subsec}{#1}{{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}}
+ \appendixnoderef
+ \nobreak
+}
+
+\outer\def\unnumberedsubsec{\parsearg\unnumberedsubsecyyy}
+\def\unnumberedsubsecyyy #1{\unnmhead2{#1}} %normally calls unnumberedsubseczzz
+\def\unnumberedsubseczzz #1{%
+ \plainsubsecheading {#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}%
+ \writetocentry{unnumbsubsec}{#1}{{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}}
+ \unnumbnoderef
+ \nobreak
+}
+
+% Subsubsections.
+\outer\def\numberedsubsubsec{\parsearg\numberedsubsubsecyyy}
+\def\numberedsubsubsecyyy #1{\numhead3{#1}} % normally numberedsubsubseczzz
+\def\numberedsubsubseczzz #1{%
+ \gdef\thissection{#1}\global\advance \subsubsecno by 1 %
+ \subsubsecheading {#1}
+ {\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}%
+ \writetocentry{subsubsec}{#1}{{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}}
+ \donoderef
+ \nobreak
+}
+
+\outer\def\appendixsubsubsec{\parsearg\appendixsubsubsecyyy}
+\def\appendixsubsubsecyyy #1{\apphead3{#1}} % normally appendixsubsubseczzz
+\def\appendixsubsubseczzz #1{%
+ \gdef\thissection{#1}\global\advance \subsubsecno by 1 %
+ \subsubsecheading {#1}
+ {\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}%
+ \writetocentry{subsubsec}{#1}{{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}}
+ \appendixnoderef
+ \nobreak
+}
+
+\outer\def\unnumberedsubsubsec{\parsearg\unnumberedsubsubsecyyy}
+\def\unnumberedsubsubsecyyy #1{\unnmhead3{#1}} %normally unnumberedsubsubseczzz
+\def\unnumberedsubsubseczzz #1{%
+ \plainsubsubsecheading {#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}%
+ \writetocentry{unnumbsubsubsec}{#1}{{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}}
+ \unnumbnoderef
+ \nobreak
+}
+
+% These are variants which are not "outer", so they can appear in @ifinfo.
+% Actually, they should now be obsolete; ordinary section commands should work.
+\def\infotop{\parsearg\unnumberedzzz}
+\def\infounnumbered{\parsearg\unnumberedzzz}
+\def\infounnumberedsec{\parsearg\unnumberedseczzz}
+\def\infounnumberedsubsec{\parsearg\unnumberedsubseczzz}
+\def\infounnumberedsubsubsec{\parsearg\unnumberedsubsubseczzz}
+
+\def\infoappendix{\parsearg\appendixzzz}
+\def\infoappendixsec{\parsearg\appendixseczzz}
+\def\infoappendixsubsec{\parsearg\appendixsubseczzz}
+\def\infoappendixsubsubsec{\parsearg\appendixsubsubseczzz}
+
+\def\infochapter{\parsearg\chapterzzz}
+\def\infosection{\parsearg\sectionzzz}
+\def\infosubsection{\parsearg\subsectionzzz}
+\def\infosubsubsection{\parsearg\subsubsectionzzz}
+
+% These macros control what the section commands do, according
+% to what kind of chapter we are in (ordinary, appendix, or unnumbered).
+% Define them by default for a numbered chapter.
+\global\let\section = \numberedsec
+\global\let\subsection = \numberedsubsec
+\global\let\subsubsection = \numberedsubsubsec
+
+% Define @majorheading, @heading and @subheading
+
+% NOTE on use of \vbox for chapter headings, section headings, and such:
+% 1) We use \vbox rather than the earlier \line to permit
+% overlong headings to fold.
+% 2) \hyphenpenalty is set to 10000 because hyphenation in a
+% heading is obnoxious; this forbids it.
+% 3) Likewise, headings look best if no \parindent is used, and
+% if justification is not attempted. Hence \raggedright.
+
+
+\def\majorheading{\parsearg\majorheadingzzz}
+\def\majorheadingzzz #1{%
+ {\advance\chapheadingskip by 10pt \chapbreak }%
+ {\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000
+ \parindent=0pt\raggedright
+ \rm #1\hfill}}\bigskip \par\penalty 200}
+
+\def\chapheading{\parsearg\chapheadingzzz}
+\def\chapheadingzzz #1{\chapbreak %
+ {\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000
+ \parindent=0pt\raggedright
+ \rm #1\hfill}}\bigskip \par\penalty 200}
+
+% @heading, @subheading, @subsubheading.
+\def\heading{\parsearg\plainsecheading}
+\def\subheading{\parsearg\plainsubsecheading}
+\def\subsubheading{\parsearg\plainsubsubsecheading}
+
+% These macros generate a chapter, section, etc. heading only
+% (including whitespace, linebreaking, etc. around it),
+% given all the information in convenient, parsed form.
+
+%%% Args are the skip and penalty (usually negative)
+\def\dobreak#1#2{\par\ifdim\lastskip<#1\removelastskip\penalty#2\vskip#1\fi}
+
+\def\setchapterstyle #1 {\csname CHAPF#1\endcsname}
+
+%%% Define plain chapter starts, and page on/off switching for it
+% Parameter controlling skip before chapter headings (if needed)
+
+\newskip\chapheadingskip
+
+\def\chapbreak{\dobreak \chapheadingskip {-4000}}
+\def\chappager{\par\vfill\supereject}
+\def\chapoddpage{\chappager \ifodd\pageno \else \hbox to 0pt{} \chappager\fi}
+
+\def\setchapternewpage #1 {\csname CHAPPAG#1\endcsname}
+
+\def\CHAPPAGoff{%
+\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chappager
+\global\let\pchapsepmacro=\chapbreak
+\global\let\pagealignmacro=\chappager}
+
+\def\CHAPPAGon{%
+\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chappager
+\global\let\pchapsepmacro=\chappager
+\global\let\pagealignmacro=\chappager
+\global\def\HEADINGSon{\HEADINGSsingle}}
+
+\def\CHAPPAGodd{
+\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chapoddpage
+\global\let\pchapsepmacro=\chapoddpage
+\global\let\pagealignmacro=\chapoddpage
+\global\def\HEADINGSon{\HEADINGSdouble}}
+
+\CHAPPAGon
+
+\def\CHAPFplain{
+\global\let\chapmacro=\chfplain
+\global\let\unnumbchapmacro=\unnchfplain
+\global\let\centerchapmacro=\centerchfplain}
+
+% Plain chapter opening.
+% #1 is the text, #2 the chapter number or empty if unnumbered.
+\def\chfplain#1#2{%
+ \pchapsepmacro
+ {%
+ \chapfonts \rm
+ \def\chapnum{#2}%
+ \setbox0 = \hbox{#2\ifx\chapnum\empty\else\enspace\fi}%
+ \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000 \tolerance=5000 \parindent=0pt \raggedright
+ \hangindent = \wd0 \centerparametersmaybe
+ \unhbox0 #1\par}%
+ }%
+ \nobreak\bigskip % no page break after a chapter title
+ \nobreak
+}
+
+% Plain opening for unnumbered.
+\def\unnchfplain#1{\chfplain{#1}{}}
+
+% @centerchap -- centered and unnumbered.
+\let\centerparametersmaybe = \relax
+\def\centerchfplain#1{{%
+ \def\centerparametersmaybe{%
+ \advance\rightskip by 3\rightskip
+ \leftskip = \rightskip
+ \parfillskip = 0pt
+ }%
+ \chfplain{#1}{}%
+}}
+
+\CHAPFplain % The default
+
+\def\unnchfopen #1{%
+\chapoddpage {\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000
+ \parindent=0pt\raggedright
+ \rm #1\hfill}}\bigskip \par\nobreak
+}
+
+\def\chfopen #1#2{\chapoddpage {\chapfonts
+\vbox to 3in{\vfil \hbox to\hsize{\hfil #2} \hbox to\hsize{\hfil #1} \vfil}}%
+\par\penalty 5000 %
+}
+
+\def\centerchfopen #1{%
+\chapoddpage {\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000
+ \parindent=0pt
+ \hfill {\rm #1}\hfill}}\bigskip \par\nobreak
+}
+
+\def\CHAPFopen{
+\global\let\chapmacro=\chfopen
+\global\let\unnumbchapmacro=\unnchfopen
+\global\let\centerchapmacro=\centerchfopen}
+
+
+% Section titles.
+\newskip\secheadingskip
+\def\secheadingbreak{\dobreak \secheadingskip {-1000}}
+\def\secheading#1#2#3{\sectionheading{sec}{#2.#3}{#1}}
+\def\plainsecheading#1{\sectionheading{sec}{}{#1}}
+
+% Subsection titles.
+\newskip \subsecheadingskip
+\def\subsecheadingbreak{\dobreak \subsecheadingskip {-500}}
+\def\subsecheading#1#2#3#4{\sectionheading{subsec}{#2.#3.#4}{#1}}
+\def\plainsubsecheading#1{\sectionheading{subsec}{}{#1}}
+
+% Subsubsection titles.
+\let\subsubsecheadingskip = \subsecheadingskip
+\let\subsubsecheadingbreak = \subsecheadingbreak
+\def\subsubsecheading#1#2#3#4#5{\sectionheading{subsubsec}{#2.#3.#4.#5}{#1}}
+\def\plainsubsubsecheading#1{\sectionheading{subsubsec}{}{#1}}
+
+
+% Print any size section title.
+%
+% #1 is the section type (sec/subsec/subsubsec), #2 is the section
+% number (maybe empty), #3 the text.
+\def\sectionheading#1#2#3{%
+ {%
+ \expandafter\advance\csname #1headingskip\endcsname by \parskip
+ \csname #1headingbreak\endcsname
+ }%
+ {%
+ % Switch to the right set of fonts.
+ \csname #1fonts\endcsname \rm
+ %
+ % Only insert the separating space if we have a section number.
+ \def\secnum{#2}%
+ \setbox0 = \hbox{#2\ifx\secnum\empty\else\enspace\fi}%
+ %
+ \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000 \tolerance=5000 \parindent=0pt \raggedright
+ \hangindent = \wd0 % zero if no section number
+ \unhbox0 #3}%
+ }%
+ % Add extra space after the heading -- either a line space or a
+ % paragraph space, whichever is more. (Some people like to set
+ % \parskip to large values for some reason.) Don't allow stretch, though.
+ \nobreak
+ \ifdim\parskip>\normalbaselineskip
+ \kern\parskip
+ \else
+ \kern\normalbaselineskip
+ \fi
+ \nobreak
+}
+
+
+\message{toc,}
+% Table of contents.
+\newwrite\tocfile
+
+% Write an entry to the toc file, opening it if necessary.
+% Called from @chapter, etc. We supply {\folio} at the end of the
+% argument, which will end up as the last argument to the \...entry macro.
+%
+% Usage: \writetocentry{chap}{The Name of The Game}{{\the\chapno}}
+% We open the .toc file for writing here instead of at @setfilename (or
+% any other fixed time) so that @contents can be anywhere in the document.
+%
+\newif\iftocfileopened
+\def\writetocentry#1#2#3{%
+ \iftocfileopened\else
+ \immediate\openout\tocfile = \jobname.toc
+ \global\tocfileopenedtrue
+ \fi
+ %
+ \iflinks
+ \toks0 = {#2}%
+ \edef\temp{\write\tocfile{\realbackslash #1entry{\the\toks0}#3{\folio}}}%
+ \temp
+ \fi
+ %
+ % Tell \shipout to create a page destination if we're doing pdf, which
+ % will be the target of the links in the table of contents. We can't
+ % just do it on every page because the title pages are numbered 1 and
+ % 2 (the page numbers aren't printed), and so are the first two pages
+ % of the document. Thus, we'd have two destinations named `1', and
+ % two named `2'.
+ \ifpdf \pdfmakepagedesttrue \fi
+}
+
+\newskip\contentsrightmargin \contentsrightmargin=1in
+\newcount\savepageno
+\newcount\lastnegativepageno \lastnegativepageno = -1
+
+% Finish up the main text and prepare to read what we've written
+% to \tocfile.
+%
+\def\startcontents#1{%
+ % If @setchapternewpage on, and @headings double, the contents should
+ % start on an odd page, unlike chapters. Thus, we maintain
+ % \contentsalignmacro in parallel with \pagealignmacro.
+ % From: Torbjorn Granlund <tege@matematik.su.se>
+ \contentsalignmacro
+ \immediate\closeout\tocfile
+ %
+ % Don't need to put `Contents' or `Short Contents' in the headline.
+ % It is abundantly clear what they are.
+ \unnumbchapmacro{#1}\def\thischapter{}%
+ \savepageno = \pageno
+ \begingroup % Set up to handle contents files properly.
+ \catcode`\\=0 \catcode`\{=1 \catcode`\}=2 \catcode`\@=11
+ % We can't do this, because then an actual ^ in a section
+ % title fails, e.g., @chapter ^ -- exponentiation. --karl, 9jul97.
+ %\catcode`\^=7 % to see ^^e4 as \"a etc. juha@piuha.ydi.vtt.fi
+ \raggedbottom % Worry more about breakpoints than the bottom.
+ \advance\hsize by -\contentsrightmargin % Don't use the full line length.
+ %
+ % Roman numerals for page numbers.
+ \ifnum \pageno>0 \global\pageno = \lastnegativepageno \fi
+}
+
+
+% Normal (long) toc.
+\def\contents{%
+ \startcontents{\putwordTOC}%
+ \openin 1 \jobname.toc
+ \ifeof 1 \else
+ \closein 1
+ \input \jobname.toc
+ \fi
+ \vfill \eject
+ \contentsalignmacro % in case @setchapternewpage odd is in effect
+ \pdfmakeoutlines
+ \endgroup
+ \lastnegativepageno = \pageno
+ \global\pageno = \savepageno
+}
+
+% And just the chapters.
+\def\summarycontents{%
+ \startcontents{\putwordShortTOC}%
+ %
+ \let\chapentry = \shortchapentry
+ \let\appendixentry = \shortappendixentry
+ \let\unnumbchapentry = \shortunnumberedentry
+ % We want a true roman here for the page numbers.
+ \secfonts
+ \let\rm=\shortcontrm \let\bf=\shortcontbf
+ \let\sl=\shortcontsl \let\tt=\shortconttt
+ \rm
+ \hyphenpenalty = 10000
+ \advance\baselineskip by 1pt % Open it up a little.
+ \def\secentry ##1##2##3##4{}
+ \def\subsecentry ##1##2##3##4##5{}
+ \def\subsubsecentry ##1##2##3##4##5##6{}
+ \let\unnumbsecentry = \secentry
+ \let\unnumbsubsecentry = \subsecentry
+ \let\unnumbsubsubsecentry = \subsubsecentry
+ \openin 1 \jobname.toc
+ \ifeof 1 \else
+ \closein 1
+ \input \jobname.toc
+ \fi
+ \vfill \eject
+ \contentsalignmacro % in case @setchapternewpage odd is in effect
+ \endgroup
+ \lastnegativepageno = \pageno
+ \global\pageno = \savepageno
+}
+\let\shortcontents = \summarycontents
+
+\ifpdf
+ \pdfcatalog{/PageMode /UseOutlines}%
+\fi
+
+% These macros generate individual entries in the table of contents.
+% The first argument is the chapter or section name.
+% The last argument is the page number.
+% The arguments in between are the chapter number, section number, ...
+
+% Chapters, in the main contents.
+\def\chapentry#1#2#3{\dochapentry{#2\labelspace#1}{#3}}
+%
+% Chapters, in the short toc.
+% See comments in \dochapentry re vbox and related settings.
+\def\shortchapentry#1#2#3{%
+ \tocentry{\shortchaplabel{#2}\labelspace #1}{\doshortpageno\bgroup#3\egroup}%
+}
+
+% Appendices, in the main contents.
+\def\appendixentry#1#2#3{%
+ \dochapentry{\appendixbox{\putwordAppendix{} #2}\labelspace#1}{#3}}
+%
+% Appendices, in the short toc.
+\let\shortappendixentry = \shortchapentry
+
+% Typeset the label for a chapter or appendix for the short contents.
+% The arg is, e.g., `Appendix A' for an appendix, or `3' for a chapter.
+% We could simplify the code here by writing out an \appendixentry
+% command in the toc file for appendices, instead of using \chapentry
+% for both, but it doesn't seem worth it.
+%
+\newdimen\shortappendixwidth
+%
+\def\shortchaplabel#1{%
+ % This space should be enough, since a single number is .5em, and the
+ % widest letter (M) is 1em, at least in the Computer Modern fonts.
+ % But use \hss just in case.
+ % (This space doesn't include the extra space that gets added after
+ % the label; that gets put in by \shortchapentry above.)
+ \dimen0 = 1em
+ \hbox to \dimen0{#1\hss}%
+}
+
+% Unnumbered chapters.
+\def\unnumbchapentry#1#2#3{\dochapentry{#1}{#3}}
+\def\shortunnumberedentry#1#2#3{\tocentry{#1}{\doshortpageno\bgroup#3\egroup}}
+
+% Sections.
+\def\secentry#1#2#3#4{\dosecentry{#2.#3\labelspace#1}{#4}}
+\def\unnumbsecentry#1#2#3#4{\dosecentry{#1}{#4}}
+
+% Subsections.
+\def\subsecentry#1#2#3#4#5{\dosubsecentry{#2.#3.#4\labelspace#1}{#5}}
+\def\unnumbsubsecentry#1#2#3#4#5{\dosubsecentry{#1}{#5}}
+
+% And subsubsections.
+\def\subsubsecentry#1#2#3#4#5#6{%
+ \dosubsubsecentry{#2.#3.#4.#5\labelspace#1}{#6}}
+\def\unnumbsubsubsecentry#1#2#3#4#5#6{\dosubsubsecentry{#1}{#6}}
+
+% This parameter controls the indentation of the various levels.
+\newdimen\tocindent \tocindent = 3pc
+
+% Now for the actual typesetting. In all these, #1 is the text and #2 is the
+% page number.
+%
+% If the toc has to be broken over pages, we want it to be at chapters
+% if at all possible; hence the \penalty.
+\def\dochapentry#1#2{%
+ \penalty-300 \vskip1\baselineskip plus.33\baselineskip minus.25\baselineskip
+ \begingroup
+ \chapentryfonts
+ \tocentry{#1}{\dopageno\bgroup#2\egroup}%
+ \endgroup
+ \nobreak\vskip .25\baselineskip plus.1\baselineskip
+}
+
+\def\dosecentry#1#2{\begingroup
+ \secentryfonts \leftskip=\tocindent
+ \tocentry{#1}{\dopageno\bgroup#2\egroup}%
+\endgroup}
+
+\def\dosubsecentry#1#2{\begingroup
+ \subsecentryfonts \leftskip=2\tocindent
+ \tocentry{#1}{\dopageno\bgroup#2\egroup}%
+\endgroup}
+
+\def\dosubsubsecentry#1#2{\begingroup
+ \subsubsecentryfonts \leftskip=3\tocindent
+ \tocentry{#1}{\dopageno\bgroup#2\egroup}%
+\endgroup}
+
+% Final typesetting of a toc entry; we use the same \entry macro as for
+% the index entries, but we want to suppress hyphenation here. (We
+% can't do that in the \entry macro, since index entries might consist
+% of hyphenated-identifiers-that-do-not-fit-on-a-line-and-nothing-else.)
+\def\tocentry#1#2{\begingroup
+ \vskip 0pt plus1pt % allow a little stretch for the sake of nice page breaks
+ % Do not use \turnoffactive in these arguments. Since the toc is
+ % typeset in cmr, characters such as _ would come out wrong; we
+ % have to do the usual translation tricks.
+ \entry{#1}{#2}%
+\endgroup}
+
+% Space between chapter (or whatever) number and the title.
+\def\labelspace{\hskip1em \relax}
+
+\def\dopageno#1{{\rm #1}}
+\def\doshortpageno#1{{\rm #1}}
+
+\def\chapentryfonts{\secfonts \rm}
+\def\secentryfonts{\textfonts}
+\let\subsecentryfonts = \textfonts
+\let\subsubsecentryfonts = \textfonts
+
+
+\message{environments,}
+% @foo ... @end foo.
+
+% @point{}, @result{}, @expansion{}, @print{}, @equiv{}.
+%
+% Since these characters are used in examples, it should be an even number of
+% \tt widths. Each \tt character is 1en, so two makes it 1em.
+%
+\def\point{$\star$}
+\def\result{\leavevmode\raise.15ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\Rightarrow$\hfil}}
+\def\expansion{\leavevmode\raise.1ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\mapsto$\hfil}}
+\def\print{\leavevmode\lower.1ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\dashv$\hfil}}
+\def\equiv{\leavevmode\lower.1ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\ptexequiv$\hfil}}
+
+% The @error{} command.
+% Adapted from the TeXbook's \boxit.
+%
+\newbox\errorbox
+%
+{\tentt \global\dimen0 = 3em}% Width of the box.
+\dimen2 = .55pt % Thickness of rules
+% The text. (`r' is open on the right, `e' somewhat less so on the left.)
+\setbox0 = \hbox{\kern-.75pt \tensf error\kern-1.5pt}
+%
+\global\setbox\errorbox=\hbox to \dimen0{\hfil
+ \hsize = \dimen0 \advance\hsize by -5.8pt % Space to left+right.
+ \advance\hsize by -2\dimen2 % Rules.
+ \vbox{
+ \hrule height\dimen2
+ \hbox{\vrule width\dimen2 \kern3pt % Space to left of text.
+ \vtop{\kern2.4pt \box0 \kern2.4pt}% Space above/below.
+ \kern3pt\vrule width\dimen2}% Space to right.
+ \hrule height\dimen2}
+ \hfil}
+%
+\def\error{\leavevmode\lower.7ex\copy\errorbox}
+
+% @tex ... @end tex escapes into raw Tex temporarily.
+% One exception: @ is still an escape character, so that @end tex works.
+% But \@ or @@ will get a plain tex @ character.
+
+\def\tex{\begingroup
+ \catcode `\\=0 \catcode `\{=1 \catcode `\}=2
+ \catcode `\$=3 \catcode `\&=4 \catcode `\#=6
+ \catcode `\^=7 \catcode `\_=8 \catcode `\~=\active \let~=\tie
+ \catcode `\%=14
+ \catcode `\+=\other
+ \catcode `\"=\other
+ \catcode `\==\other
+ \catcode `\|=\other
+ \catcode `\<=\other
+ \catcode `\>=\other
+ \escapechar=`\\
+ %
+ \let\b=\ptexb
+ \let\bullet=\ptexbullet
+ \let\c=\ptexc
+ \let\,=\ptexcomma
+ \let\.=\ptexdot
+ \let\dots=\ptexdots
+ \let\equiv=\ptexequiv
+ \let\!=\ptexexclam
+ \let\i=\ptexi
+ \let\{=\ptexlbrace
+ \let\+=\tabalign
+ \let\}=\ptexrbrace
+ \let\*=\ptexstar
+ \let\t=\ptext
+ %
+ \def\endldots{\mathinner{\ldots\ldots\ldots\ldots}}%
+ \def\enddots{\relax\ifmmode\endldots\else$\mathsurround=0pt \endldots\,$\fi}%
+ \def\@{@}%
+\let\Etex=\endgroup}
+
+% Define @lisp ... @end lisp.
+% @lisp does a \begingroup so it can rebind things,
+% including the definition of @end lisp (which normally is erroneous).
+
+% Amount to narrow the margins by for @lisp.
+\newskip\lispnarrowing \lispnarrowing=0.4in
+
+% This is the definition that ^^M gets inside @lisp, @example, and other
+% such environments. \null is better than a space, since it doesn't
+% have any width.
+\def\lisppar{\null\endgraf}
+
+% Make each space character in the input produce a normal interword
+% space in the output. Don't allow a line break at this space, as this
+% is used only in environments like @example, where each line of input
+% should produce a line of output anyway.
+%
+{\obeyspaces %
+\gdef\sepspaces{\obeyspaces\let =\tie}}
+
+% Define \obeyedspace to be our active space, whatever it is. This is
+% for use in \parsearg.
+{\sepspaces%
+\global\let\obeyedspace= }
+
+% This space is always present above and below environments.
+\newskip\envskipamount \envskipamount = 0pt
+
+% Make spacing and below environment symmetrical. We use \parskip here
+% to help in doing that, since in @example-like environments \parskip
+% is reset to zero; thus the \afterenvbreak inserts no space -- but the
+% start of the next paragraph will insert \parskip.
+%
+\def\aboveenvbreak{{%
+ % =10000 instead of <10000 because of a special case in \itemzzz, q.v.
+ \ifnum \lastpenalty=10000 \else
+ \advance\envskipamount by \parskip
+ \endgraf
+ \ifdim\lastskip<\envskipamount
+ \removelastskip
+ % it's not a good place to break if the last penalty was \nobreak
+ % or better ...
+ \ifnum\lastpenalty>10000 \else \penalty-50 \fi
+ \vskip\envskipamount
+ \fi
+ \fi
+}}
+
+\let\afterenvbreak = \aboveenvbreak
+
+% \nonarrowing is a flag. If "set", @lisp etc don't narrow margins.
+\let\nonarrowing=\relax
+
+% @cartouche ... @end cartouche: draw rectangle w/rounded corners around
+% environment contents.
+\font\circle=lcircle10
+\newdimen\circthick
+\newdimen\cartouter\newdimen\cartinner
+\newskip\normbskip\newskip\normpskip\newskip\normlskip
+\circthick=\fontdimen8\circle
+%
+\def\ctl{{\circle\char'013\hskip -6pt}}% 6pt from pl file: 1/2charwidth
+\def\ctr{{\hskip 6pt\circle\char'010}}
+\def\cbl{{\circle\char'012\hskip -6pt}}
+\def\cbr{{\hskip 6pt\circle\char'011}}
+\def\carttop{\hbox to \cartouter{\hskip\lskip
+ \ctl\leaders\hrule height\circthick\hfil\ctr
+ \hskip\rskip}}
+\def\cartbot{\hbox to \cartouter{\hskip\lskip
+ \cbl\leaders\hrule height\circthick\hfil\cbr
+ \hskip\rskip}}
+%
+\newskip\lskip\newskip\rskip
+
+\def\cartouche{%
+\par % can't be in the midst of a paragraph.
+\begingroup
+ \lskip=\leftskip \rskip=\rightskip
+ \leftskip=0pt\rightskip=0pt %we want these *outside*.
+ \cartinner=\hsize \advance\cartinner by-\lskip
+ \advance\cartinner by-\rskip
+ \cartouter=\hsize
+ \advance\cartouter by 18.4pt % allow for 3pt kerns on either
+% side, and for 6pt waste from
+% each corner char, and rule thickness
+ \normbskip=\baselineskip \normpskip=\parskip \normlskip=\lineskip
+ % Flag to tell @lisp, etc., not to narrow margin.
+ \let\nonarrowing=\comment
+ \vbox\bgroup
+ \baselineskip=0pt\parskip=0pt\lineskip=0pt
+ \carttop
+ \hbox\bgroup
+ \hskip\lskip
+ \vrule\kern3pt
+ \vbox\bgroup
+ \hsize=\cartinner
+ \kern3pt
+ \begingroup
+ \baselineskip=\normbskip
+ \lineskip=\normlskip
+ \parskip=\normpskip
+ \vskip -\parskip
+\def\Ecartouche{%
+ \endgroup
+ \kern3pt
+ \egroup
+ \kern3pt\vrule
+ \hskip\rskip
+ \egroup
+ \cartbot
+ \egroup
+\endgroup
+}}
+
+
+% This macro is called at the beginning of all the @example variants,
+% inside a group.
+\def\nonfillstart{%
+ \aboveenvbreak
+ \inENV % This group ends at the end of the body
+ \hfuzz = 12pt % Don't be fussy
+ \sepspaces % Make spaces be word-separators rather than space tokens.
+ \let\par = \lisppar % don't ignore blank lines
+ \obeylines % each line of input is a line of output
+ \parskip = 0pt
+ \parindent = 0pt
+ \emergencystretch = 0pt % don't try to avoid overfull boxes
+ % @cartouche defines \nonarrowing to inhibit narrowing
+ % at next level down.
+ \ifx\nonarrowing\relax
+ \advance \leftskip by \lispnarrowing
+ \exdentamount=\lispnarrowing
+ \let\exdent=\nofillexdent
+ \let\nonarrowing=\relax
+ \fi
+}
+
+% Define the \E... control sequence only if we are inside the particular
+% environment, so the error checking in \end will work.
+%
+% To end an @example-like environment, we first end the paragraph (via
+% \afterenvbreak's vertical glue), and then the group. That way we keep
+% the zero \parskip that the environments set -- \parskip glue will be
+% inserted at the beginning of the next paragraph in the document, after
+% the environment.
+%
+\def\nonfillfinish{\afterenvbreak\endgroup}
+
+% @lisp: indented, narrowed, typewriter font.
+\def\lisp{\begingroup
+ \nonfillstart
+ \let\Elisp = \nonfillfinish
+ \tt
+ \let\kbdfont = \kbdexamplefont % Allow @kbd to do something special.
+ \gobble % eat return
+}
+
+% @example: Same as @lisp.
+\def\example{\begingroup \def\Eexample{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}\lisp}
+
+% @smallexample and @smalllisp: use smaller fonts.
+% Originally contributed by Pavel@xerox.
+\def\smalllisp{\begingroup
+ \def\Esmalllisp{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}%
+ \def\Esmallexample{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}%
+ \smallexamplefonts
+ \lisp
+}
+\let\smallexample = \smalllisp
+
+
+% @display: same as @lisp except keep current font.
+%
+\def\display{\begingroup
+ \nonfillstart
+ \let\Edisplay = \nonfillfinish
+ \gobble
+}
+%
+% @smalldisplay: @display plus smaller fonts.
+%
+\def\smalldisplay{\begingroup
+ \def\Esmalldisplay{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}%
+ \smallexamplefonts \rm
+ \display
+}
+
+% @format: same as @display except don't narrow margins.
+%
+\def\format{\begingroup
+ \let\nonarrowing = t
+ \nonfillstart
+ \let\Eformat = \nonfillfinish
+ \gobble
+}
+%
+% @smallformat: @format plus smaller fonts.
+%
+\def\smallformat{\begingroup
+ \def\Esmallformat{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}%
+ \smallexamplefonts \rm
+ \format
+}
+
+% @flushleft (same as @format).
+%
+\def\flushleft{\begingroup \def\Eflushleft{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}\format}
+
+% @flushright.
+%
+\def\flushright{\begingroup
+ \let\nonarrowing = t
+ \nonfillstart
+ \let\Eflushright = \nonfillfinish
+ \advance\leftskip by 0pt plus 1fill
+ \gobble
+}
+
+
+% @quotation does normal linebreaking (hence we can't use \nonfillstart)
+% and narrows the margins.
+%
+\def\quotation{%
+ \begingroup\inENV %This group ends at the end of the @quotation body
+ {\parskip=0pt \aboveenvbreak}% because \aboveenvbreak inserts \parskip
+ \parindent=0pt
+ % We have retained a nonzero parskip for the environment, since we're
+ % doing normal filling. So to avoid extra space below the environment...
+ \def\Equotation{\parskip = 0pt \nonfillfinish}%
+ %
+ % @cartouche defines \nonarrowing to inhibit narrowing at next level down.
+ \ifx\nonarrowing\relax
+ \advance\leftskip by \lispnarrowing
+ \advance\rightskip by \lispnarrowing
+ \exdentamount = \lispnarrowing
+ \let\nonarrowing = \relax
+ \fi
+}
+
+
+% LaTeX-like @verbatim...@end verbatim and @verb{<char>...<char>}
+% If we want to allow any <char> as delimiter,
+% we need the curly braces so that makeinfo sees the @verb command, eg:
+% `@verbx...x' would look like the '@verbx' command. --janneke@gnu.org
+%
+% [Knuth]: Donald Ervin Knuth, 1996. The TeXbook.
+%
+% [Knuth] p.344; only we need to do the other characters Texinfo sets
+% active too. Otherwise, they get lost as the first character on a
+% verbatim line.
+\def\dospecials{%
+ \do\ \do\\\do\{\do\}\do\$\do\&%
+ \do\#\do\^\do\^^K\do\_\do\^^A\do\%\do\~%
+ \do\<\do\>\do\|\do\@\do+\do\"%
+}
+%
+% [Knuth] p. 380
+\def\uncatcodespecials{%
+ \def\do##1{\catcode`##1=12}\dospecials}
+%
+% [Knuth] pp. 380,381,391
+% Disable Spanish ligatures ?` and !` of \tt font
+\begingroup
+ \catcode`\`=\active\gdef`{\relax\lq}
+\endgroup
+%
+% Setup for the @verb command.
+%
+% Eight spaces for a tab
+\begingroup
+ \catcode`\^^I=\active
+ \gdef\tabeightspaces{\catcode`\^^I=\active\def^^I{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}
+\endgroup
+%
+\def\setupverb{%
+ \tt % easiest (and conventionally used) font for verbatim
+ \def\par{\leavevmode\endgraf}%
+ \catcode`\`=\active
+ \tabeightspaces
+ % Respect line breaks,
+ % print special symbols as themselves, and
+ % make each space count
+ % must do in this order:
+ \obeylines \uncatcodespecials \sepspaces
+}
+
+% Setup for the @verbatim environment
+%
+% Real tab expansion
+\newdimen\tabw \setbox0=\hbox{\tt\space} \tabw=8\wd0 % tab amount
+%
+\def\starttabbox{\setbox0=\hbox\bgroup}
+\begingroup
+ \catcode`\^^I=\active
+ \gdef\tabexpand{%
+ \catcode`\^^I=\active
+ \def^^I{\leavevmode\egroup
+ \dimen0=\wd0 % the width so far, or since the previous tab
+ \divide\dimen0 by\tabw
+ \multiply\dimen0 by\tabw % compute previous multiple of \tabw
+ \advance\dimen0 by\tabw % advance to next multiple of \tabw
+ \wd0=\dimen0 \box0 \starttabbox
+ }%
+ }
+\endgroup
+\def\setupverbatim{%
+ % Easiest (and conventionally used) font for verbatim
+ \tt
+ \def\par{\leavevmode\egroup\box0\endgraf}%
+ \catcode`\`=\active
+ \tabexpand
+ % Respect line breaks,
+ % print special symbols as themselves, and
+ % make each space count
+ % must do in this order:
+ \obeylines \uncatcodespecials \sepspaces
+ \everypar{\starttabbox}%
+}
+
+% Do the @verb magic: verbatim text is quoted by unique
+% delimiter characters. Before first delimiter expect a
+% right brace, after last delimiter expect closing brace:
+%
+% \def\doverb'{'<char>#1<char>'}'{#1}
+%
+% [Knuth] p. 382; only eat outer {}
+\begingroup
+ \catcode`[=1\catcode`]=2\catcode`\{=12\catcode`\}=12
+ \gdef\doverb{#1[\def\next##1#1}[##1\endgroup]\next]
+\endgroup
+%
+\def\verb{\begingroup\setupverb\doverb}
+%
+%
+% Do the @verbatim magic: define the macro \doverbatim so that
+% the (first) argument ends when '@end verbatim' is reached, ie:
+%
+% \def\doverbatim#1@end verbatim{#1}
+%
+% For Texinfo it's a lot easier than for LaTeX,
+% because texinfo's \verbatim doesn't stop at '\end{verbatim}':
+% we need not redefine '\', '{' and '}'.
+%
+% Inspired by LaTeX's verbatim command set [latex.ltx]
+%% Include LaTeX hack for completeness -- never know
+%% \begingroup
+%% \catcode`|=0 \catcode`[=1
+%% \catcode`]=2\catcode`\{=12\catcode`\}=12\catcode`\ =\active
+%% \catcode`\\=12|gdef|doverbatim#1@end verbatim[
+%% #1|endgroup|def|Everbatim[]|end[verbatim]]
+%% |endgroup
+%
+\begingroup
+ \catcode`\ =\active
+ \obeylines %
+ % ignore everything up to the first ^^M, that's the newline at the end
+ % of the @verbatim input line itself. Otherwise we get an extra blank
+ % line in the output.
+ \gdef\doverbatim#1^^M#2@end verbatim{#2\end{verbatim}}%
+\endgroup
+%
+\def\verbatim{%
+ \def\Everbatim{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}%
+ \begingroup
+ \nonfillstart
+ \advance\leftskip by -\defbodyindent
+ \begingroup\setupverbatim\doverbatim
+}
+
+% @verbatiminclude FILE - insert text of file in verbatim environment.
+%
+% Allow normal characters that we make active in the argument (a file name).
+\def\verbatiminclude{%
+ \begingroup
+ \catcode`\\=\other
+ \catcode`~=\other
+ \catcode`^=\other
+ \catcode`_=\other
+ \catcode`|=\other
+ \catcode`<=\other
+ \catcode`>=\other
+ \catcode`+=\other
+ \parsearg\doverbatiminclude
+}
+\def\setupverbatiminclude{%
+ \begingroup
+ \nonfillstart
+ \advance\leftskip by -\defbodyindent
+ \begingroup\setupverbatim
+}
+%
+\def\doverbatiminclude#1{%
+ % Restore active chars for included file.
+ \endgroup
+ \begingroup
+ \let\value=\expandablevalue
+ \def\thisfile{#1}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\setupverbatiminclude\input\thisfile
+ \endgroup
+ \nonfillfinish
+ \endgroup
+}
+
+% @copying ... @end copying.
+% Save the text away for @insertcopying later. Many commands won't be
+% allowed in this context, but that's ok.
+%
+% We save the uninterpreted tokens, rather than creating a box.
+% Saving the text in a box would be much easier, but then all the
+% typesetting commands (@smallbook, font changes, etc.) have to be done
+% beforehand -- and a) we want @copying to be done first in the source
+% file; b) letting users define the frontmatter in as flexible order as
+% possible is very desirable.
+%
+\def\copying{\begingroup
+ % Define a command to swallow text until we reach `@end copying'.
+ % \ is the escape char in this texinfo.tex file, so it is the
+ % delimiter for the command; @ will be the escape char when we read
+ % it, but that doesn't matter.
+ \long\def\docopying##1\end copying{\gdef\copyingtext{##1}\enddocopying}%
+ %
+ % We must preserve ^^M's in the input file; see \insertcopying below.
+ \catcode`\^^M = \active
+ \docopying
+}
+
+% What we do to finish off the copying text.
+%
+\def\enddocopying{\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+
+% @insertcopying. Here we must play games with ^^M's. On the one hand,
+% we need them to delimit commands such as `@end quotation', so they
+% must be active. On the other hand, we certainly don't want every
+% end-of-line to be a \par, as would happen with the normal active
+% definition of ^^M. On the third hand, two ^^M's in a row should still
+% generate a \par.
+%
+% Our approach is to make ^^M insert a space and a penalty1 normally;
+% then it can also check if \lastpenalty=1. If it does, then manually
+% do \par.
+%
+% This messes up the normal definitions of @c[omment], so we redefine
+% it. Similarly for @ignore. (These commands are used in the gcc
+% manual for man page generation.)
+%
+% Seems pretty fragile, most line-oriented commands will presumably
+% fail, but for the limited use of getting the copying text (which
+% should be quite simple) inserted, we can hope it's ok.
+%
+{\catcode`\^^M=\active %
+\gdef\insertcopying{\begingroup %
+ \parindent = 0pt % looks wrong on title page
+ \def^^M{%
+ \ifnum \lastpenalty=1 %
+ \par %
+ \else %
+ \space \penalty 1 %
+ \fi %
+ }%
+ %
+ % Fix @c[omment] for catcode 13 ^^M's.
+ \def\c##1^^M{\ignorespaces}%
+ \let\comment = \c %
+ %
+ % Don't bother jumping through all the hoops that \doignore does, it
+ % would be very hard since the catcodes are already set.
+ \long\def\ignore##1\end ignore{\ignorespaces}%
+ %
+ \copyingtext %
+\endgroup}%
+}
+
+\message{defuns,}
+% @defun etc.
+
+% Allow user to change definition object font (\df) internally
+\def\setdeffont#1 {\csname DEF#1\endcsname}
+
+\newskip\defbodyindent \defbodyindent=.4in
+\newskip\defargsindent \defargsindent=50pt
+\newskip\deflastargmargin \deflastargmargin=18pt
+
+\newcount\parencount
+
+% We want ()&[] to print specially on the defun line.
+%
+\def\activeparens{%
+ \catcode`\(=\active \catcode`\)=\active
+ \catcode`\&=\active
+ \catcode`\[=\active \catcode`\]=\active
+}
+
+% Make control sequences which act like normal parenthesis chars.
+\let\lparen = ( \let\rparen = )
+
+{\activeparens % Now, smart parens don't turn on until &foo (see \amprm)
+
+% Be sure that we always have a definition for `(', etc. For example,
+% if the fn name has parens in it, \boldbrax will not be in effect yet,
+% so TeX would otherwise complain about undefined control sequence.
+\global\let(=\lparen \global\let)=\rparen
+\global\let[=\lbrack \global\let]=\rbrack
+
+\gdef\functionparens{\boldbrax\let&=\amprm\parencount=0 }
+\gdef\boldbrax{\let(=\opnr\let)=\clnr\let[=\lbrb\let]=\rbrb}
+% This is used to turn on special parens
+% but make & act ordinary (given that it's active).
+\gdef\boldbraxnoamp{\let(=\opnr\let)=\clnr\let[=\lbrb\let]=\rbrb\let&=\ampnr}
+
+% Definitions of (, ) and & used in args for functions.
+% This is the definition of ( outside of all parentheses.
+\gdef\oprm#1 {{\rm\char`\(}#1 \bf \let(=\opnested
+ \global\advance\parencount by 1
+}
+%
+% This is the definition of ( when already inside a level of parens.
+\gdef\opnested{\char`\(\global\advance\parencount by 1 }
+%
+\gdef\clrm{% Print a paren in roman if it is taking us back to depth of 0.
+ % also in that case restore the outer-level definition of (.
+ \ifnum \parencount=1 {\rm \char `\)}\sl \let(=\oprm \else \char `\) \fi
+ \global\advance \parencount by -1 }
+% If we encounter &foo, then turn on ()-hacking afterwards
+\gdef\amprm#1 {{\rm\}\let(=\oprm \let)=\clrm\ }
+%
+\gdef\normalparens{\boldbrax\let&=\ampnr}
+} % End of definition inside \activeparens
+%% These parens (in \boldbrax) actually are a little bolder than the
+%% contained text. This is especially needed for [ and ]
+\def\opnr{{\sf\char`\(}\global\advance\parencount by 1 }
+\def\clnr{{\sf\char`\)}\global\advance\parencount by -1 }
+\let\ampnr = \&
+\def\lbrb{{\bf\char`\[}}
+\def\rbrb{{\bf\char`\]}}
+
+% Active &'s sneak into the index arguments, so make sure it's defined.
+{
+ \catcode`& = \active
+ \global\let& = \ampnr
+}
+
+% \defname, which formats the name of the @def (not the args).
+% #1 is the function name.
+% #2 is the type of definition, such as "Function".
+%
+\def\defname#1#2{%
+ % How we'll output the type name. Putting it in brackets helps
+ % distinguish it from the body text that may end up on the next line
+ % just below it.
+ \ifempty{#2}%
+ \def\defnametype{}%
+ \else
+ \def\defnametype{[\rm #2]}%
+ \fi
+ %
+ % Get the values of \leftskip and \rightskip as they were outside the @def...
+ \dimen2=\leftskip
+ \advance\dimen2 by -\defbodyindent
+ %
+ % Figure out values for the paragraph shape.
+ \setbox0=\hbox{\hskip \deflastargmargin{\defnametype}}%
+ \dimen0=\hsize \advance \dimen0 by -\wd0 % compute size for first line
+ \dimen1=\hsize \advance \dimen1 by -\defargsindent % size for continuations
+ \parshape 2 0in \dimen0 \defargsindent \dimen1
+ %
+ % Output arg 2 ("Function" or some such) but stuck inside a box of
+ % width 0 so it does not interfere with linebreaking.
+ \noindent
+ %
+ {% Adjust \hsize to exclude the ambient margins,
+ % so that \rightline will obey them.
+ \advance \hsize by -\dimen2
+ \dimen3 = 0pt % was -1.25pc
+ \rlap{\rightline{\defnametype\kern\dimen3}}%
+ }%
+ %
+ % Allow all lines to be underfull without complaint:
+ \tolerance=10000 \hbadness=10000
+ \advance\leftskip by -\defbodyindent
+ \exdentamount=\defbodyindent
+ {\df #1}\enskip % output function name
+ % \defunargs will be called next to output the arguments, if any.
+}
+
+% Common pieces to start any @def...
+% #1 is the \E... control sequence to end the definition (which we define).
+% #2 is the \...x control sequence (which our caller defines).
+% #3 is the control sequence to process the header, such as \defunheader.
+%
+\def\parsebodycommon#1#2#3{%
+ \begingroup\inENV
+ % If there are two @def commands in a row, we'll have a \nobreak,
+ % which is there to keep the function description together with its
+ % header. But if there's nothing but headers, we want to allow a
+ % break after all. Check for penalty 10002 (inserted by
+ % \defargscommonending) instead of 10000, since the sectioning
+ % commands insert a \penalty10000, and we don't want to allow a break
+ % between a section heading and a defun.
+ \ifnum\lastpenalty=10002 \penalty0 \fi
+ \medbreak
+ %
+ % Define the \E... end token that this defining construct specifies
+ % so that it will exit this group.
+ \def#1{\endgraf\endgroup\medbreak}%
+ %
+ \parindent=0in
+ \advance\leftskip by \defbodyindent
+ \exdentamount=\defbodyindent
+}
+
+% Common part of the \...x definitions.
+%
+\def\defxbodycommon{%
+ % As with \parsebodycommon above, allow line break if we have multiple
+ % x headers in a row. It's not a great place, though.
+ \ifnum\lastpenalty=10000 \penalty1000 \fi
+ %
+ \begingroup\obeylines
+}
+
+% Process body of @defun, @deffn, @defmac, etc.
+%
+\def\defparsebody#1#2#3{%
+ \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
+ \def#2{\defxbodycommon \activeparens \spacesplit#3}%
+ \catcode\equalChar=\active
+ \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens
+ \spacesplit#3%
+}
+
+% #1, #2, #3 are the common arguments (see \parsebodycommon above).
+% #4, delimited by the space, is the class name.
+%
+\def\defmethparsebody#1#2#3#4 {%
+ \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
+ \def#2##1 {\defxbodycommon \activeparens \spacesplit{#3{##1}}}%
+ \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens
+ % The \empty here prevents misinterpretation of a construct such as
+ % @deffn {whatever} {Enharmonic comma}
+ % See comments at \deftpparsebody, although in our case we don't have
+ % to remove the \empty afterwards, since it is empty.
+ \spacesplit{#3{#4}}\empty
+}
+
+% Used for @deftypemethod and @deftypeivar.
+% #1, #2, #3 are the common arguments (see \defparsebody).
+% #4, delimited by a space, is the class name.
+% #5 is the method's return type.
+%
+\def\deftypemethparsebody#1#2#3#4 #5 {%
+ \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
+ \def#2##1 ##2 {\defxbodycommon \activeparens \spacesplit{#3{##1}{##2}}}%
+ \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens
+ \spacesplit{#3{#4}{#5}}%
+}
+
+% Used for @deftypeop. The change from \deftypemethparsebody is an
+% extra argument at the beginning which is the `category', instead of it
+% being the hardwired string `Method' or `Instance Variable'. We have
+% to account for this both in the \...x definition and in parsing the
+% input at hand. Thus also need a control sequence (passed as #5) for
+% the \E... definition to assign the category name to.
+%
+\def\deftypeopparsebody#1#2#3#4#5 #6 {%
+ \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
+ \def#2##1 ##2 ##3 {\def#4{##1}%
+ \defxbodycommon \activeparens \spacesplit{#3{##2}{##3}}}%
+ \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens
+ \spacesplit{#3{#5}{#6}}%
+}
+
+% For @defop.
+\def\defopparsebody #1#2#3#4#5 {%
+ \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
+ \def#2##1 ##2 {\def#4{##1}%
+ \defxbodycommon \activeparens \spacesplit{#3{##2}}}%
+ \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens
+ \spacesplit{#3{#5}}%
+}
+
+% These parsing functions are similar to the preceding ones
+% except that they do not make parens into active characters.
+% These are used for "variables" since they have no arguments.
+%
+\def\defvarparsebody #1#2#3{%
+ \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
+ \def#2{\defxbodycommon \spacesplit#3}%
+ \catcode\equalChar=\active
+ \begingroup\obeylines
+ \spacesplit#3%
+}
+
+% @defopvar.
+\def\defopvarparsebody #1#2#3#4#5 {%
+ \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
+ \def#2##1 ##2 {\def#4{##1}%
+ \defxbodycommon \spacesplit{#3{##2}}}%
+ \begingroup\obeylines
+ \spacesplit{#3{#5}}%
+}
+
+\def\defvrparsebody#1#2#3#4 {%
+ \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
+ \def#2##1 {\defxbodycommon \spacesplit{#3{##1}}}%
+ \begingroup\obeylines
+ \spacesplit{#3{#4}}%
+}
+
+% This loses on `@deftp {Data Type} {struct termios}' -- it thinks the
+% type is just `struct', because we lose the braces in `{struct
+% termios}' when \spacesplit reads its undelimited argument. Sigh.
+% \let\deftpparsebody=\defvrparsebody
+%
+% So, to get around this, we put \empty in with the type name. That
+% way, TeX won't find exactly `{...}' as an undelimited argument, and
+% won't strip off the braces.
+%
+\def\deftpparsebody #1#2#3#4 {%
+ \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
+ \def#2##1 {\defxbodycommon \spacesplit{#3{##1}}}%
+ \begingroup\obeylines
+ \spacesplit{\parsetpheaderline{#3{#4}}}\empty
+}
+
+% Fine, but then we have to eventually remove the \empty *and* the
+% braces (if any). That's what this does.
+%
+\def\removeemptybraces\empty#1\relax{#1}
+
+% After \spacesplit has done its work, this is called -- #1 is the final
+% thing to call, #2 the type name (which starts with \empty), and #3
+% (which might be empty) the arguments.
+%
+\def\parsetpheaderline#1#2#3{%
+ #1{\removeemptybraces#2\relax}{#3}%
+}%
+
+% Split up #2 (the rest of the input line) at the first space token.
+% call #1 with two arguments:
+% the first is all of #2 before the space token,
+% the second is all of #2 after that space token.
+% If #2 contains no space token, all of it is passed as the first arg
+% and the second is passed as empty.
+%
+{\obeylines %
+ \gdef\spacesplit#1#2^^M{\endgroup\spacesplitx{#1}#2 \relax\spacesplitx}%
+ \long\gdef\spacesplitx#1#2 #3#4\spacesplitx{%
+ \ifx\relax #3%
+ #1{#2}{}%
+ \else %
+ #1{#2}{#3#4}%
+ \fi}%
+}
+
+% Define @defun.
+
+% This is called to end the arguments processing for all the @def... commands.
+%
+\def\defargscommonending{%
+ \interlinepenalty = 10000
+ \advance\rightskip by 0pt plus 1fil
+ \endgraf
+ \nobreak\vskip -\parskip
+ \penalty 10002 % signal to \parsebodycommon.
+}
+
+% This expands the args and terminates the paragraph they comprise.
+%
+\def\defunargs#1{\functionparens \sl
+% Expand, preventing hyphenation at `-' chars.
+% Note that groups don't affect changes in \hyphenchar.
+% Set the font temporarily and use \font in case \setfont made \tensl a macro.
+{\tensl\hyphenchar\font=0}%
+#1%
+{\tensl\hyphenchar\font=45}%
+\ifnum\parencount=0 \else \errmessage{Unbalanced parentheses in @def}\fi%
+ \defargscommonending
+}
+
+\def\deftypefunargs #1{%
+% Expand, preventing hyphenation at `-' chars.
+% Note that groups don't affect changes in \hyphenchar.
+% Use \boldbraxnoamp, not \functionparens, so that & is not special.
+\boldbraxnoamp
+\tclose{#1}% avoid \code because of side effects on active chars
+ \defargscommonending
+}
+
+% Do complete processing of one @defun or @defunx line already parsed.
+
+% @deffn Command forward-char nchars
+
+\def\deffn{\defmethparsebody\Edeffn\deffnx\deffnheader}
+
+\def\deffnheader #1#2#3{\doind {fn}{\code{#2}}%
+\begingroup\defname {#2}{#1}\defunargs{#3}\endgroup %
+\catcode\equalChar=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
+}
+
+% @defun == @deffn Function
+
+\def\defun{\defparsebody\Edefun\defunx\defunheader}
+
+\def\defunheader #1#2{\doind {fn}{\code{#1}}% Make entry in function index
+\begingroup\defname {#1}{\putwordDeffunc}%
+\defunargs {#2}\endgroup %
+\catcode\equalChar=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
+}
+
+% @deftypefun int foobar (int @var{foo}, float @var{bar})
+
+\def\deftypefun{\defparsebody\Edeftypefun\deftypefunx\deftypefunheader}
+
+% #1 is the data type. #2 is the name and args.
+\def\deftypefunheader #1#2{\deftypefunheaderx{#1}#2 \relax}
+% #1 is the data type, #2 the name, #3 the args.
+\def\deftypefunheaderx #1#2 #3\relax{%
+\doind {fn}{\code{#2}}% Make entry in function index
+\begingroup\defname {\defheaderxcond#1\relax$.$#2}{\putwordDeftypefun}%
+\deftypefunargs {#3}\endgroup %
+\catcode\equalChar=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
+}
+
+% @deftypefn {Library Function} int foobar (int @var{foo}, float @var{bar})
+
+\def\deftypefn{\defmethparsebody\Edeftypefn\deftypefnx\deftypefnheader}
+
+% \defheaderxcond#1\relax$.$
+% puts #1 in @code, followed by a space, but does nothing if #1 is null.
+\def\defheaderxcond#1#2$.${\ifx#1\relax\else\code{#1#2} \fi}
+
+% #1 is the classification. #2 is the data type. #3 is the name and args.
+\def\deftypefnheader #1#2#3{\deftypefnheaderx{#1}{#2}#3 \relax}
+% #1 is the classification, #2 the data type, #3 the name, #4 the args.
+\def\deftypefnheaderx #1#2#3 #4\relax{%
+\doind {fn}{\code{#3}}% Make entry in function index
+\begingroup
+\normalparens % notably, turn off `&' magic, which prevents
+% at least some C++ text from working
+\defname {\defheaderxcond#2\relax$.$#3}{#1}%
+\deftypefunargs {#4}\endgroup %
+\catcode\equalChar=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
+}
+
+% @defmac == @deffn Macro
+
+\def\defmac{\defparsebody\Edefmac\defmacx\defmacheader}
+
+\def\defmacheader #1#2{\doind {fn}{\code{#1}}% Make entry in function index
+\begingroup\defname {#1}{\putwordDefmac}%
+\defunargs {#2}\endgroup %
+\catcode\equalChar=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
+}
+
+% @defspec == @deffn Special Form
+
+\def\defspec{\defparsebody\Edefspec\defspecx\defspecheader}
+
+\def\defspecheader #1#2{\doind {fn}{\code{#1}}% Make entry in function index
+\begingroup\defname {#1}{\putwordDefspec}%
+\defunargs {#2}\endgroup %
+\catcode\equalChar=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
+}
+
+% @defop CATEGORY CLASS OPERATION ARG...
+%
+\def\defop #1 {\def\defoptype{#1}%
+\defopparsebody\Edefop\defopx\defopheader\defoptype}
+%
+\def\defopheader#1#2#3{%
+ \dosubind{fn}{\code{#2}}{\putwordon\ \code{#1}}% function index entry
+ \begingroup
+ \defname{#2}{\defoptype\ \putwordon\ #1}%
+ \defunargs{#3}%
+ \endgroup
+}
+
+% @deftypeop CATEGORY CLASS TYPE OPERATION ARG...
+%
+\def\deftypeop #1 {\def\deftypeopcategory{#1}%
+ \deftypeopparsebody\Edeftypeop\deftypeopx\deftypeopheader
+ \deftypeopcategory}
+%
+% #1 is the class name, #2 the data type, #3 the operation name, #4 the args.
+\def\deftypeopheader#1#2#3#4{%
+ \dosubind{fn}{\code{#3}}{\putwordon\ \code{#1}}% entry in function index
+ \begingroup
+ \defname{\defheaderxcond#2\relax$.$#3}
+ {\deftypeopcategory\ \putwordon\ \code{#1}}%
+ \deftypefunargs{#4}%
+ \endgroup
+}
+
+% @deftypemethod CLASS TYPE METHOD ARG...
+%
+\def\deftypemethod{%
+ \deftypemethparsebody\Edeftypemethod\deftypemethodx\deftypemethodheader}
+%
+% #1 is the class name, #2 the data type, #3 the method name, #4 the args.
+\def\deftypemethodheader#1#2#3#4{%
+ \dosubind{fn}{\code{#3}}{\putwordon\ \code{#1}}% entry in function index
+ \begingroup
+ \defname{\defheaderxcond#2\relax$.$#3}{\putwordMethodon\ \code{#1}}%
+ \deftypefunargs{#4}%
+ \endgroup
+}
+
+% @deftypeivar CLASS TYPE VARNAME
+%
+\def\deftypeivar{%
+ \deftypemethparsebody\Edeftypeivar\deftypeivarx\deftypeivarheader}
+%
+% #1 is the class name, #2 the data type, #3 the variable name.
+\def\deftypeivarheader#1#2#3{%
+ \dosubind{vr}{\code{#3}}{\putwordof\ \code{#1}}% entry in variable index
+ \begingroup
+ \defname{\defheaderxcond#2\relax$.$#3}
+ {\putwordInstanceVariableof\ \code{#1}}%
+ \defvarargs{#3}%
+ \endgroup
+}
+
+% @defmethod == @defop Method
+%
+\def\defmethod{\defmethparsebody\Edefmethod\defmethodx\defmethodheader}
+%
+% #1 is the class name, #2 the method name, #3 the args.
+\def\defmethodheader#1#2#3{%
+ \dosubind{fn}{\code{#2}}{\putwordon\ \code{#1}}% entry in function index
+ \begingroup
+ \defname{#2}{\putwordMethodon\ \code{#1}}%
+ \defunargs{#3}%
+ \endgroup
+}
+
+% @defcv {Class Option} foo-class foo-flag
+
+\def\defcv #1 {\def\defcvtype{#1}%
+\defopvarparsebody\Edefcv\defcvx\defcvarheader\defcvtype}
+
+\def\defcvarheader #1#2#3{%
+ \dosubind{vr}{\code{#2}}{\putwordof\ \code{#1}}% variable index entry
+ \begingroup
+ \defname{#2}{\defcvtype\ \putwordof\ #1}%
+ \defvarargs{#3}%
+ \endgroup
+}
+
+% @defivar CLASS VARNAME == @defcv {Instance Variable} CLASS VARNAME
+%
+\def\defivar{\defvrparsebody\Edefivar\defivarx\defivarheader}
+%
+\def\defivarheader#1#2#3{%
+ \dosubind{vr}{\code{#2}}{\putwordof\ \code{#1}}% entry in var index
+ \begingroup
+ \defname{#2}{\putwordInstanceVariableof\ #1}%
+ \defvarargs{#3}%
+ \endgroup
+}
+
+% @defvar
+% First, define the processing that is wanted for arguments of @defvar.
+% This is actually simple: just print them in roman.
+% This must expand the args and terminate the paragraph they make up
+\def\defvarargs #1{\normalparens #1%
+ \defargscommonending
+}
+
+% @defvr Counter foo-count
+
+\def\defvr{\defvrparsebody\Edefvr\defvrx\defvrheader}
+
+\def\defvrheader #1#2#3{\doind {vr}{\code{#2}}%
+\begingroup\defname {#2}{#1}\defvarargs{#3}\endgroup}
+
+% @defvar == @defvr Variable
+
+\def\defvar{\defvarparsebody\Edefvar\defvarx\defvarheader}
+
+\def\defvarheader #1#2{\doind {vr}{\code{#1}}% Make entry in var index
+\begingroup\defname {#1}{\putwordDefvar}%
+\defvarargs {#2}\endgroup %
+}
+
+% @defopt == @defvr {User Option}
+
+\def\defopt{\defvarparsebody\Edefopt\defoptx\defoptheader}
+
+\def\defoptheader #1#2{\doind {vr}{\code{#1}}% Make entry in var index
+\begingroup\defname {#1}{\putwordDefopt}%
+\defvarargs {#2}\endgroup %
+}
+
+% @deftypevar int foobar
+
+\def\deftypevar{\defvarparsebody\Edeftypevar\deftypevarx\deftypevarheader}
+
+% #1 is the data type. #2 is the name, perhaps followed by text that
+% is actually part of the data type, which should not be put into the index.
+\def\deftypevarheader #1#2{%
+\dovarind#2 \relax% Make entry in variables index
+\begingroup\defname {\defheaderxcond#1\relax$.$#2}{\putwordDeftypevar}%
+ \defargscommonending
+\endgroup}
+\def\dovarind#1 #2\relax{\doind{vr}{\code{#1}}}
+
+% @deftypevr {Global Flag} int enable
+
+\def\deftypevr{\defvrparsebody\Edeftypevr\deftypevrx\deftypevrheader}
+
+\def\deftypevrheader #1#2#3{\dovarind#3 \relax%
+\begingroup\defname {\defheaderxcond#2\relax$.$#3}{#1}
+ \defargscommonending
+\endgroup}
+
+% Now define @deftp
+% Args are printed in bold, a slight difference from @defvar.
+
+\def\deftpargs #1{\bf \defvarargs{#1}}
+
+% @deftp Class window height width ...
+
+\def\deftp{\deftpparsebody\Edeftp\deftpx\deftpheader}
+
+\def\deftpheader #1#2#3{\doind {tp}{\code{#2}}%
+\begingroup\defname {#2}{#1}\deftpargs{#3}\endgroup}
+
+% These definitions are used if you use @defunx (etc.)
+% anywhere other than immediately after a @defun or @defunx.
+%
+\def\defcvx#1 {\errmessage{@defcvx in invalid context}}
+\def\deffnx#1 {\errmessage{@deffnx in invalid context}}
+\def\defivarx#1 {\errmessage{@defivarx in invalid context}}
+\def\defmacx#1 {\errmessage{@defmacx in invalid context}}
+\def\defmethodx#1 {\errmessage{@defmethodx in invalid context}}
+\def\defoptx #1 {\errmessage{@defoptx in invalid context}}
+\def\defopx#1 {\errmessage{@defopx in invalid context}}
+\def\defspecx#1 {\errmessage{@defspecx in invalid context}}
+\def\deftpx#1 {\errmessage{@deftpx in invalid context}}
+\def\deftypefnx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypefnx in invalid context}}
+\def\deftypefunx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypefunx in invalid context}}
+\def\deftypeivarx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypeivarx in invalid context}}
+\def\deftypemethodx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypemethodx in invalid context}}
+\def\deftypeopx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypeopx in invalid context}}
+\def\deftypevarx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypevarx in invalid context}}
+\def\deftypevrx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypevrx in invalid context}}
+\def\defunx#1 {\errmessage{@defunx in invalid context}}
+\def\defvarx#1 {\errmessage{@defvarx in invalid context}}
+\def\defvrx#1 {\errmessage{@defvrx in invalid context}}
+
+
+\message{macros,}
+% @macro.
+
+% To do this right we need a feature of e-TeX, \scantokens,
+% which we arrange to emulate with a temporary file in ordinary TeX.
+\ifx\eTeXversion\undefined
+ \newwrite\macscribble
+ \def\scanmacro#1{%
+ \begingroup \newlinechar`\^^M
+ % Undo catcode changes of \startcontents and \doprintindex
+ \catcode`\@=0 \catcode`\\=\other \escapechar=`\@
+ % Append \endinput to make sure that TeX does not see the ending newline.
+ \toks0={#1\endinput}%
+ \immediate\openout\macscribble=\jobname.tmp
+ \immediate\write\macscribble{\the\toks0}%
+ \immediate\closeout\macscribble
+ \let\xeatspaces\eatspaces
+ \input \jobname.tmp
+ \endgroup
+}
+\else
+\def\scanmacro#1{%
+\begingroup \newlinechar`\^^M
+% Undo catcode changes of \startcontents and \doprintindex
+\catcode`\@=0 \catcode`\\=\other \escapechar=`\@
+\let\xeatspaces\eatspaces\scantokens{#1\endinput}\endgroup}
+\fi
+
+\newcount\paramno % Count of parameters
+\newtoks\macname % Macro name
+\newif\ifrecursive % Is it recursive?
+\def\macrolist{} % List of all defined macros in the form
+ % \do\macro1\do\macro2...
+
+% Utility routines.
+% Thisdoes \let #1 = #2, except with \csnames.
+\def\cslet#1#2{%
+\expandafter\expandafter
+\expandafter\let
+\expandafter\expandafter
+\csname#1\endcsname
+\csname#2\endcsname}
+
+% Trim leading and trailing spaces off a string.
+% Concepts from aro-bend problem 15 (see CTAN).
+{\catcode`\@=11
+\gdef\eatspaces #1{\expandafter\trim@\expandafter{#1 }}
+\gdef\trim@ #1{\trim@@ @#1 @ #1 @ @@}
+\gdef\trim@@ #1@ #2@ #3@@{\trim@@@\empty #2 @}
+\def\unbrace#1{#1}
+\unbrace{\gdef\trim@@@ #1 } #2@{#1}
+}
+
+% Trim a single trailing ^^M off a string.
+{\catcode`\^^M=\other \catcode`\Q=3%
+\gdef\eatcr #1{\eatcra #1Q^^MQ}%
+\gdef\eatcra#1^^MQ{\eatcrb#1Q}%
+\gdef\eatcrb#1Q#2Q{#1}%
+}
+
+% Macro bodies are absorbed as an argument in a context where
+% all characters are catcode 10, 11 or 12, except \ which is active
+% (as in normal texinfo). It is necessary to change the definition of \.
+
+% It's necessary to have hard CRs when the macro is executed. This is
+% done by making ^^M (\endlinechar) catcode 12 when reading the macro
+% body, and then making it the \newlinechar in \scanmacro.
+
+\def\macrobodyctxt{%
+ \catcode`\~=\other
+ \catcode`\^=\other
+ \catcode`\_=\other
+ \catcode`\|=\other
+ \catcode`\<=\other
+ \catcode`\>=\other
+ \catcode`\+=\other
+ \catcode`\{=\other
+ \catcode`\}=\other
+ \catcode`\@=\other
+ \catcode`\^^M=\other
+ \usembodybackslash}
+
+\def\macroargctxt{%
+ \catcode`\~=\other
+ \catcode`\^=\other
+ \catcode`\_=\other
+ \catcode`\|=\other
+ \catcode`\<=\other
+ \catcode`\>=\other
+ \catcode`\+=\other
+ \catcode`\@=\other
+ \catcode`\\=\other}
+
+% \mbodybackslash is the definition of \ in @macro bodies.
+% It maps \foo\ => \csname macarg.foo\endcsname => #N
+% where N is the macro parameter number.
+% We define \csname macarg.\endcsname to be \realbackslash, so
+% \\ in macro replacement text gets you a backslash.
+
+{\catcode`@=0 @catcode`@\=@active
+ @gdef@usembodybackslash{@let\=@mbodybackslash}
+ @gdef@mbodybackslash#1\{@csname macarg.#1@endcsname}
+}
+\expandafter\def\csname macarg.\endcsname{\realbackslash}
+
+\def\macro{\recursivefalse\parsearg\macroxxx}
+\def\rmacro{\recursivetrue\parsearg\macroxxx}
+
+\def\macroxxx#1{%
+ \getargs{#1}% now \macname is the macname and \argl the arglist
+ \ifx\argl\empty % no arguments
+ \paramno=0%
+ \else
+ \expandafter\parsemargdef \argl;%
+ \fi
+ \if1\csname ismacro.\the\macname\endcsname
+ \message{Warning: redefining \the\macname}%
+ \else
+ \expandafter\ifx\csname \the\macname\endcsname \relax
+ \else \errmessage{Macro name \the\macname\space already defined}\fi
+ \global\cslet{macsave.\the\macname}{\the\macname}%
+ \global\expandafter\let\csname ismacro.\the\macname\endcsname=1%
+ % Add the macroname to \macrolist
+ \toks0 = \expandafter{\macrolist\do}%
+ \xdef\macrolist{\the\toks0
+ \expandafter\noexpand\csname\the\macname\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ \begingroup \macrobodyctxt
+ \ifrecursive \expandafter\parsermacbody
+ \else \expandafter\parsemacbody
+ \fi}
+
+\def\unmacro{\parsearg\dounmacro}
+\def\dounmacro#1{%
+ \if1\csname ismacro.#1\endcsname
+ \global\cslet{#1}{macsave.#1}%
+ \global\expandafter\let \csname ismacro.#1\endcsname=0%
+ % Remove the macro name from \macrolist:
+ \begingroup
+ \expandafter\let\csname#1\endcsname \relax
+ \let\do\unmacrodo
+ \xdef\macrolist{\macrolist}%
+ \endgroup
+ \else
+ \errmessage{Macro #1 not defined}%
+ \fi
+}
+
+% Called by \do from \dounmacro on each macro. The idea is to omit any
+% macro definitions that have been changed to \relax.
+%
+\def\unmacrodo#1{%
+ \ifx#1\relax
+ % remove this
+ \else
+ \noexpand\do \noexpand #1%
+ \fi
+}
+
+% This makes use of the obscure feature that if the last token of a
+% <parameter list> is #, then the preceding argument is delimited by
+% an opening brace, and that opening brace is not consumed.
+\def\getargs#1{\getargsxxx#1{}}
+\def\getargsxxx#1#{\getmacname #1 \relax\getmacargs}
+\def\getmacname #1 #2\relax{\macname={#1}}
+\def\getmacargs#1{\def\argl{#1}}
+
+% Parse the optional {params} list. Set up \paramno and \paramlist
+% so \defmacro knows what to do. Define \macarg.blah for each blah
+% in the params list, to be ##N where N is the position in that list.
+% That gets used by \mbodybackslash (above).
+
+% We need to get `macro parameter char #' into several definitions.
+% The technique used is stolen from LaTeX: let \hash be something
+% unexpandable, insert that wherever you need a #, and then redefine
+% it to # just before using the token list produced.
+%
+% The same technique is used to protect \eatspaces till just before
+% the macro is used.
+
+\def\parsemargdef#1;{\paramno=0\def\paramlist{}%
+ \let\hash\relax\let\xeatspaces\relax\parsemargdefxxx#1,;,}
+\def\parsemargdefxxx#1,{%
+ \if#1;\let\next=\relax
+ \else \let\next=\parsemargdefxxx
+ \advance\paramno by 1%
+ \expandafter\edef\csname macarg.\eatspaces{#1}\endcsname
+ {\xeatspaces{\hash\the\paramno}}%
+ \edef\paramlist{\paramlist\hash\the\paramno,}%
+ \fi\next}
+
+% These two commands read recursive and nonrecursive macro bodies.
+% (They're different since rec and nonrec macros end differently.)
+
+\long\def\parsemacbody#1@end macro%
+{\xdef\temp{\eatcr{#1}}\endgroup\defmacro}%
+\long\def\parsermacbody#1@end rmacro%
+{\xdef\temp{\eatcr{#1}}\endgroup\defmacro}%
+
+% This defines the macro itself. There are six cases: recursive and
+% nonrecursive macros of zero, one, and many arguments.
+% Much magic with \expandafter here.
+% \xdef is used so that macro definitions will survive the file
+% they're defined in; @include reads the file inside a group.
+\def\defmacro{%
+ \let\hash=##% convert placeholders to macro parameter chars
+ \ifrecursive
+ \ifcase\paramno
+ % 0
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname\endcsname{%
+ \noexpand\scanmacro{\temp}}%
+ \or % 1
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname\endcsname{%
+ \bgroup\noexpand\macroargctxt
+ \noexpand\braceorline
+ \expandafter\noexpand\csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname##1{%
+ \egroup\noexpand\scanmacro{\temp}}%
+ \else % many
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname\endcsname{%
+ \bgroup\noexpand\macroargctxt
+ \noexpand\csname\the\macname xx\endcsname}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname xx\endcsname##1{%
+ \expandafter\noexpand\csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname ##1,}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter
+ \expandafter\xdef
+ \expandafter\expandafter
+ \csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname
+ \paramlist{\egroup\noexpand\scanmacro{\temp}}%
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \ifcase\paramno
+ % 0
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname\endcsname{%
+ \noexpand\norecurse{\the\macname}%
+ \noexpand\scanmacro{\temp}\egroup}%
+ \or % 1
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname\endcsname{%
+ \bgroup\noexpand\macroargctxt
+ \noexpand\braceorline
+ \expandafter\noexpand\csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname##1{%
+ \egroup
+ \noexpand\norecurse{\the\macname}%
+ \noexpand\scanmacro{\temp}\egroup}%
+ \else % many
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname\endcsname{%
+ \bgroup\noexpand\macroargctxt
+ \expandafter\noexpand\csname\the\macname xx\endcsname}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname xx\endcsname##1{%
+ \expandafter\noexpand\csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname ##1,}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter
+ \expandafter\xdef
+ \expandafter\expandafter
+ \csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname
+ \paramlist{%
+ \egroup
+ \noexpand\norecurse{\the\macname}%
+ \noexpand\scanmacro{\temp}\egroup}%
+ \fi
+ \fi}
+
+\def\norecurse#1{\bgroup\cslet{#1}{macsave.#1}}
+
+% \braceorline decides whether the next nonwhitespace character is a
+% {. If so it reads up to the closing }, if not, it reads the whole
+% line. Whatever was read is then fed to the next control sequence
+% as an argument (by \parsebrace or \parsearg)
+\def\braceorline#1{\let\next=#1\futurelet\nchar\braceorlinexxx}
+\def\braceorlinexxx{%
+ \ifx\nchar\bgroup\else
+ \expandafter\parsearg
+ \fi \next}
+
+% We mant to disable all macros during \shipout so that they are not
+% expanded by \write.
+\def\turnoffmacros{\begingroup \def\do##1{\let\noexpand##1=\relax}%
+ \edef\next{\macrolist}\expandafter\endgroup\next}
+
+
+% @alias.
+% We need some trickery to remove the optional spaces around the equal
+% sign. Just make them active and then expand them all to nothing.
+\def\alias{\begingroup\obeyspaces\parsearg\aliasxxx}
+\def\aliasxxx #1{\aliasyyy#1\relax}
+\def\aliasyyy #1=#2\relax{\ignoreactivespaces
+\edef\next{\global\let\expandafter\noexpand\csname#1\endcsname=%
+ \expandafter\noexpand\csname#2\endcsname}%
+\expandafter\endgroup\next}
+
+
+\message{cross references,}
+% @xref etc.
+
+\newwrite\auxfile
+
+\newif\ifhavexrefs % True if xref values are known.
+\newif\ifwarnedxrefs % True if we warned once that they aren't known.
+
+% @inforef is relatively simple.
+\def\inforef #1{\inforefzzz #1,,,,**}
+\def\inforefzzz #1,#2,#3,#4**{\putwordSee{} \putwordInfo{} \putwordfile{} \file{\ignorespaces #3{}},
+ node \samp{\ignorespaces#1{}}}
+
+% @node's job is to define \lastnode.
+\def\node{\ENVcheck\parsearg\nodezzz}
+\def\nodezzz#1{\nodexxx [#1,]}
+\def\nodexxx[#1,#2]{\gdef\lastnode{#1}}
+\let\nwnode=\node
+\let\lastnode=\relax
+
+% The sectioning commands (@chapter, etc.) call these.
+\def\donoderef{%
+ \ifx\lastnode\relax\else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\setref{\lastnode}%
+ {Ysectionnumberandtype}%
+ \global\let\lastnode=\relax
+ \fi
+}
+\def\unnumbnoderef{%
+ \ifx\lastnode\relax\else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\setref{\lastnode}{Ynothing}%
+ \global\let\lastnode=\relax
+ \fi
+}
+\def\appendixnoderef{%
+ \ifx\lastnode\relax\else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\setref{\lastnode}%
+ {Yappendixletterandtype}%
+ \global\let\lastnode=\relax
+ \fi
+}
+
+
+% @anchor{NAME} -- define xref target at arbitrary point.
+%
+\newcount\savesfregister
+\gdef\savesf{\relax \ifhmode \savesfregister=\spacefactor \fi}
+\gdef\restoresf{\relax \ifhmode \spacefactor=\savesfregister \fi}
+\gdef\anchor#1{\savesf \setref{#1}{Ynothing}\restoresf \ignorespaces}
+
+% \setref{NAME}{SNT} defines a cross-reference point NAME (a node or an
+% anchor), namely NAME-title (the corresponding @chapter/etc. name),
+% NAME-pg (the page number), and NAME-snt (section number and type).
+% Called from \foonoderef.
+%
+% We have to set \indexdummies so commands such as @code in a section
+% title aren't expanded. It would be nicer not to expand the titles in
+% the first place, but there's so many layers that that is hard to do.
+%
+% Likewise, use \turnoffactive so that punctuation chars such as underscore
+% and backslash work in node names.
+%
+\def\setref#1#2{{%
+ \atdummies
+ \pdfmkdest{#1}%
+ %
+ \turnoffactive
+ \dosetq{#1-title}{Ytitle}%
+ \dosetq{#1-pg}{Ypagenumber}%
+ \dosetq{#1-snt}{#2}%
+}}
+
+% @xref, @pxref, and @ref generate cross-references. For \xrefX, #1 is
+% the node name, #2 the name of the Info cross-reference, #3 the printed
+% node name, #4 the name of the Info file, #5 the name of the printed
+% manual. All but the node name can be omitted.
+%
+\def\pxref#1{\putwordsee{} \xrefX[#1,,,,,,,]}
+\def\xref#1{\putwordSee{} \xrefX[#1,,,,,,,]}
+\def\ref#1{\xrefX[#1,,,,,,,]}
+\def\xrefX[#1,#2,#3,#4,#5,#6]{\begingroup
+ \unsepspaces
+ \def\printedmanual{\ignorespaces #5}%
+ \def\printednodename{\ignorespaces #3}%
+ \setbox1=\hbox{\printedmanual}%
+ \setbox0=\hbox{\printednodename}%
+ \ifdim \wd0 = 0pt
+ % No printed node name was explicitly given.
+ \expandafter\ifx\csname SETxref-automatic-section-title\endcsname\relax
+ % Use the node name inside the square brackets.
+ \def\printednodename{\ignorespaces #1}%
+ \else
+ % Use the actual chapter/section title appear inside
+ % the square brackets. Use the real section title if we have it.
+ \ifdim \wd1 > 0pt
+ % It is in another manual, so we don't have it.
+ \def\printednodename{\ignorespaces #1}%
+ \else
+ \ifhavexrefs
+ % We know the real title if we have the xref values.
+ \def\printednodename{\refx{#1-title}{}}%
+ \else
+ % Otherwise just copy the Info node name.
+ \def\printednodename{\ignorespaces #1}%
+ \fi%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ %
+ % If we use \unhbox0 and \unhbox1 to print the node names, TeX does not
+ % insert empty discretionaries after hyphens, which means that it will
+ % not find a line break at a hyphen in a node names. Since some manuals
+ % are best written with fairly long node names, containing hyphens, this
+ % is a loss. Therefore, we give the text of the node name again, so it
+ % is as if TeX is seeing it for the first time.
+ \ifpdf
+ \leavevmode
+ \getfilename{#4}%
+ {\turnoffactive \otherbackslash
+ \ifnum\filenamelength>0
+ \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]}%
+ goto file{\the\filename.pdf} name{#1}%
+ \else
+ \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]}%
+ goto name{#1}%
+ \fi
+ }%
+ \linkcolor
+ \fi
+ %
+ \ifdim \wd1 > 0pt
+ \putwordsection{} ``\printednodename'' \putwordin{} \cite{\printedmanual}%
+ \else
+ % _ (for example) has to be the character _ for the purposes of the
+ % control sequence corresponding to the node, but it has to expand
+ % into the usual \leavevmode...\vrule stuff for purposes of
+ % printing. So we \turnoffactive for the \refx-snt, back on for the
+ % printing, back off for the \refx-pg.
+ {\turnoffactive \otherbackslash
+ % Only output a following space if the -snt ref is nonempty; for
+ % @unnumbered and @anchor, it won't be.
+ \setbox2 = \hbox{\ignorespaces \refx{#1-snt}{}}%
+ \ifdim \wd2 > 0pt \refx{#1-snt}\space\fi
+ }%
+ % [mynode],
+ [\printednodename],\space
+ % page 3
+ \turnoffactive \otherbackslash \putwordpage\tie\refx{#1-pg}{}%
+ \fi
+ \endlink
+\endgroup}
+
+% \dosetq is called from \setref to do the actual \write (\iflinks).
+%
+\def\dosetq#1#2{%
+ {\let\folio=0%
+ \edef\next{\write\auxfile{\internalsetq{#1}{#2}}}%
+ \iflinks \next \fi
+ }%
+}
+
+% \internalsetq{foo}{page} expands into
+% CHARACTERS @xrdef{foo}{...expansion of \page...}
+\def\internalsetq#1#2{@xrdef{#1}{\csname #2\endcsname}}
+
+% Things to be expanded by \internalsetq.
+%
+\def\Ypagenumber{\folio}
+\def\Ytitle{\thissection}
+\def\Ynothing{}
+\def\Ysectionnumberandtype{%
+ \ifnum\secno=0
+ \putwordChapter@tie \the\chapno
+ \else \ifnum\subsecno=0
+ \putwordSection@tie \the\chapno.\the\secno
+ \else \ifnum\subsubsecno=0
+ \putwordSection@tie \the\chapno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno
+ \else
+ \putwordSection@tie \the\chapno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno.\the\subsubsecno
+ \fi\fi\fi
+}
+
+\def\Yappendixletterandtype{%
+ \ifnum\secno=0
+ \putwordAppendix@tie @char\the\appendixno{}%
+ \else \ifnum\subsecno=0
+ \putwordSection@tie @char\the\appendixno.\the\secno
+ \else \ifnum\subsubsecno=0
+ \putwordSection@tie @char\the\appendixno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno
+ \else
+ \putwordSection@tie
+ @char\the\appendixno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno.\the\subsubsecno
+ \fi\fi\fi
+}
+
+% Use TeX 3.0's \inputlineno to get the line number, for better error
+% messages, but if we're using an old version of TeX, don't do anything.
+%
+\ifx\inputlineno\thisisundefined
+ \let\linenumber = \empty % Pre-3.0.
+\else
+ \def\linenumber{\the\inputlineno:\space}
+\fi
+
+% Define \refx{NAME}{SUFFIX} to reference a cross-reference string named NAME.
+% If its value is nonempty, SUFFIX is output afterward.
+%
+\def\refx#1#2{%
+ {%
+ \indexnofonts
+ \otherbackslash
+ \expandafter\global\expandafter\let\expandafter\thisrefX
+ \csname X#1\endcsname
+ }%
+ \ifx\thisrefX\relax
+ % If not defined, say something at least.
+ \angleleft un\-de\-fined\angleright
+ \iflinks
+ \ifhavexrefs
+ \message{\linenumber Undefined cross reference `#1'.}%
+ \else
+ \ifwarnedxrefs\else
+ \global\warnedxrefstrue
+ \message{Cross reference values unknown; you must run TeX again.}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \else
+ % It's defined, so just use it.
+ \thisrefX
+ \fi
+ #2% Output the suffix in any case.
+}
+
+% This is the macro invoked by entries in the aux file.
+%
+\def\xrdef#1{\expandafter\gdef\csname X#1\endcsname}
+
+% Read the last existing aux file, if any. No error if none exists.
+\def\readauxfile{\begingroup
+ \catcode`\^^@=\other
+ \catcode`\^^A=\other
+ \catcode`\^^B=\other
+ \catcode`\^^C=\other
+ \catcode`\^^D=\other
+ \catcode`\^^E=\other
+ \catcode`\^^F=\other
+ \catcode`\^^G=\other
+ \catcode`\^^H=\other
+ \catcode`\^^K=\other
+ \catcode`\^^L=\other
+ \catcode`\^^N=\other
+ \catcode`\^^P=\other
+ \catcode`\^^Q=\other
+ \catcode`\^^R=\other
+ \catcode`\^^S=\other
+ \catcode`\^^T=\other
+ \catcode`\^^U=\other
+ \catcode`\^^V=\other
+ \catcode`\^^W=\other
+ \catcode`\^^X=\other
+ \catcode`\^^Z=\other
+ \catcode`\^^[=\other
+ \catcode`\^^\=\other
+ \catcode`\^^]=\other
+ \catcode`\^^^=\other
+ \catcode`\^^_=\other
+ % It was suggested to set the catcode of ^ to 7, which would allow ^^e4 etc.
+ % in xref tags, i.e., node names. But since ^^e4 notation isn't
+ % supported in the main text, it doesn't seem desirable. Furthermore,
+ % that is not enough: for node names that actually contain a ^
+ % character, we would end up writing a line like this: 'xrdef {'hat
+ % b-title}{'hat b} and \xrdef does a \csname...\endcsname on the first
+ % argument, and \hat is not an expandable control sequence. It could
+ % all be worked out, but why? Either we support ^^ or we don't.
+ %
+ % The other change necessary for this was to define \auxhat:
+ % \def\auxhat{\def^{'hat }}% extra space so ok if followed by letter
+ % and then to call \auxhat in \setq.
+ %
+ \catcode`\^=\other
+ %
+ % Special characters. Should be turned off anyway, but...
+ \catcode`\~=\other
+ \catcode`\[=\other
+ \catcode`\]=\other
+ \catcode`\"=\other
+ \catcode`\_=\other
+ \catcode`\|=\other
+ \catcode`\<=\other
+ \catcode`\>=\other
+ \catcode`\$=\other
+ \catcode`\#=\other
+ \catcode`\&=\other
+ \catcode`\%=\other
+ \catcode`+=\other % avoid \+ for paranoia even though we've turned it off
+ %
+ % Make the characters 128-255 be printing characters
+ {%
+ \count 1=128
+ \def\loop{%
+ \catcode\count 1=\other
+ \advance\count 1 by 1
+ \ifnum \count 1<256 \loop \fi
+ }%
+ }%
+ %
+ % Turn off \ as an escape so we do not lose on
+ % entries which were dumped with control sequences in their names.
+ % For example, @xrdef{$\leq $-fun}{page ...} made by @defun ^^
+ % Reference to such entries still does not work the way one would wish,
+ % but at least they do not bomb out when the aux file is read in.
+ \catcode`\\=\other
+ %
+ % @ is our escape character in .aux files.
+ \catcode`\{=1
+ \catcode`\}=2
+ \catcode`\@=0
+ %
+ \openin 1 \jobname.aux
+ \ifeof 1 \else
+ \closein 1
+ \input \jobname.aux
+ \global\havexrefstrue
+ \global\warnedobstrue
+ \fi
+ % Open the new aux file. TeX will close it automatically at exit.
+ \openout\auxfile=\jobname.aux
+\endgroup}
+
+
+% Footnotes.
+
+\newcount \footnoteno
+
+% The trailing space in the following definition for supereject is
+% vital for proper filling; pages come out unaligned when you do a
+% pagealignmacro call if that space before the closing brace is
+% removed. (Generally, numeric constants should always be followed by a
+% space to prevent strange expansion errors.)
+\def\supereject{\par\penalty -20000\footnoteno =0 }
+
+% @footnotestyle is meaningful for info output only.
+\let\footnotestyle=\comment
+
+\let\ptexfootnote=\footnote
+
+{\catcode `\@=11
+%
+% Auto-number footnotes. Otherwise like plain.
+\gdef\footnote{%
+ \global\advance\footnoteno by \@ne
+ \edef\thisfootno{$^{\the\footnoteno}$}%
+ %
+ % In case the footnote comes at the end of a sentence, preserve the
+ % extra spacing after we do the footnote number.
+ \let\@sf\empty
+ \ifhmode\edef\@sf{\spacefactor\the\spacefactor}\/\fi
+ %
+ % Remove inadvertent blank space before typesetting the footnote number.
+ \unskip
+ \thisfootno\@sf
+ \dofootnote
+}%
+
+% Don't bother with the trickery in plain.tex to not require the
+% footnote text as a parameter. Our footnotes don't need to be so general.
+%
+% Oh yes, they do; otherwise, @ifset and anything else that uses
+% \parseargline fail inside footnotes because the tokens are fixed when
+% the footnote is read. --karl, 16nov96.
+%
+% The start of the footnote looks usually like this:
+\gdef\startfootins{\insert\footins\bgroup}
+%
+% ... but this macro is redefined inside @multitable.
+%
+\gdef\dofootnote{%
+ \startfootins
+ % We want to typeset this text as a normal paragraph, even if the
+ % footnote reference occurs in (for example) a display environment.
+ % So reset some parameters.
+ \hsize=\pagewidth
+ \interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty
+ \splittopskip\ht\strutbox % top baseline for broken footnotes
+ \splitmaxdepth\dp\strutbox
+ \floatingpenalty\@MM
+ \leftskip\z@skip
+ \rightskip\z@skip
+ \spaceskip\z@skip
+ \xspaceskip\z@skip
+ \parindent\defaultparindent
+ %
+ \smallfonts \rm
+ %
+ % Because we use hanging indentation in footnotes, a @noindent appears
+ % to exdent this text, so make it be a no-op. makeinfo does not use
+ % hanging indentation so @noindent can still be needed within footnote
+ % text after an @example or the like (not that this is good style).
+ \let\noindent = \relax
+ %
+ % Hang the footnote text off the number. Use \everypar in case the
+ % footnote extends for more than one paragraph.
+ \everypar = {\hang}%
+ \textindent{\thisfootno}%
+ %
+ % Don't crash into the line above the footnote text. Since this
+ % expands into a box, it must come within the paragraph, lest it
+ % provide a place where TeX can split the footnote.
+ \footstrut
+ \futurelet\next\fo@t
+}
+}%end \catcode `\@=11
+
+% @| inserts a changebar to the left of the current line. It should
+% surround any changed text. This approach does *not* work if the
+% change spans more than two lines of output. To handle that, we would
+% have adopt a much more difficult approach (putting marks into the main
+% vertical list for the beginning and end of each change).
+%
+\def\|{%
+ % \vadjust can only be used in horizontal mode.
+ \leavevmode
+ %
+ % Append this vertical mode material after the current line in the output.
+ \vadjust{%
+ % We want to insert a rule with the height and depth of the current
+ % leading; that is exactly what \strutbox is supposed to record.
+ \vskip-\baselineskip
+ %
+ % \vadjust-items are inserted at the left edge of the type. So
+ % the \llap here moves out into the left-hand margin.
+ \llap{%
+ %
+ % For a thicker or thinner bar, change the `1pt'.
+ \vrule height\baselineskip width1pt
+ %
+ % This is the space between the bar and the text.
+ \hskip 12pt
+ }%
+ }%
+}
+
+% For a final copy, take out the rectangles
+% that mark overfull boxes (in case you have decided
+% that the text looks ok even though it passes the margin).
+%
+\def\finalout{\overfullrule=0pt}
+
+% @image. We use the macros from epsf.tex to support this.
+% If epsf.tex is not installed and @image is used, we complain.
+%
+% Check for and read epsf.tex up front. If we read it only at @image
+% time, we might be inside a group, and then its definitions would get
+% undone and the next image would fail.
+\openin 1 = epsf.tex
+\ifeof 1 \else
+ \closein 1
+ % Do not bother showing banner with epsf.tex v2.7k (available in
+ % doc/epsf.tex and on ctan).
+ \def\epsfannounce{\toks0 = }%
+ \input epsf.tex
+\fi
+%
+% We will only complain once about lack of epsf.tex.
+\newif\ifwarnednoepsf
+\newhelp\noepsfhelp{epsf.tex must be installed for images to
+ work. It is also included in the Texinfo distribution, or you can get
+ it from ftp://tug.org/tex/epsf.tex.}
+%
+\def\image#1{%
+ \ifx\epsfbox\undefined
+ \ifwarnednoepsf \else
+ \errhelp = \noepsfhelp
+ \errmessage{epsf.tex not found, images will be ignored}%
+ \global\warnednoepsftrue
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \imagexxx #1,,,,,\finish
+ \fi
+}
+%
+% Arguments to @image:
+% #1 is (mandatory) image filename; we tack on .eps extension.
+% #2 is (optional) width, #3 is (optional) height.
+% #4 is (ignored optional) html alt text.
+% #5 is (ignored optional) extension.
+% #6 is just the usual extra ignored arg for parsing this stuff.
+\newif\ifimagevmode
+\def\imagexxx#1,#2,#3,#4,#5,#6\finish{\begingroup
+ \catcode`\^^M = 5 % in case we're inside an example
+ \normalturnoffactive % allow _ et al. in names
+ % If the image is by itself, center it.
+ \ifvmode
+ \imagevmodetrue
+ \nobreak\bigskip
+ % Usually we'll have text after the image which will insert
+ % \parskip glue, so insert it here too to equalize the space
+ % above and below.
+ \nobreak\vskip\parskip
+ \nobreak
+ \line\bgroup\hss
+ \fi
+ %
+ % Output the image.
+ \ifpdf
+ \dopdfimage{#1}{#2}{#3}%
+ \else
+ % \epsfbox itself resets \epsf?size at each figure.
+ \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}\ifdim\wd0 > 0pt \epsfxsize=#2\relax \fi
+ \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #3}\ifdim\wd0 > 0pt \epsfysize=#3\relax \fi
+ \epsfbox{#1.eps}%
+ \fi
+ %
+ \ifimagevmode \hss \egroup \bigbreak \fi % space after the image
+\endgroup}
+
+
+\message{localization,}
+% and i18n.
+
+% @documentlanguage is usually given very early, just after
+% @setfilename. If done too late, it may not override everything
+% properly. Single argument is the language abbreviation.
+% It would be nice if we could set up a hyphenation file here.
+%
+\def\documentlanguage{\parsearg\dodocumentlanguage}
+\def\dodocumentlanguage#1{%
+ \tex % read txi-??.tex file in plain TeX.
+ % Read the file if it exists.
+ \openin 1 txi-#1.tex
+ \ifeof1
+ \errhelp = \nolanghelp
+ \errmessage{Cannot read language file txi-#1.tex}%
+ \let\temp = \relax
+ \else
+ \def\temp{\input txi-#1.tex }%
+ \fi
+ \temp
+ \endgroup
+}
+\newhelp\nolanghelp{The given language definition file cannot be found or
+is empty. Maybe you need to install it? In the current directory
+should work if nowhere else does.}
+
+
+% @documentencoding should change something in TeX eventually, most
+% likely, but for now just recognize it.
+\let\documentencoding = \comment
+
+
+% Page size parameters.
+%
+\newdimen\defaultparindent \defaultparindent = 15pt
+
+\chapheadingskip = 15pt plus 4pt minus 2pt
+\secheadingskip = 12pt plus 3pt minus 2pt
+\subsecheadingskip = 9pt plus 2pt minus 2pt
+
+% Prevent underfull vbox error messages.
+\vbadness = 10000
+
+% Don't be so finicky about underfull hboxes, either.
+\hbadness = 2000
+
+% Following George Bush, just get rid of widows and orphans.
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\clubpenalty=10000
+
+% Use TeX 3.0's \emergencystretch to help line breaking, but if we're
+% using an old version of TeX, don't do anything. We want the amount of
+% stretch added to depend on the line length, hence the dependence on
+% \hsize. We call this whenever the paper size is set.
+%
+\def\setemergencystretch{%
+ \ifx\emergencystretch\thisisundefined
+ % Allow us to assign to \emergencystretch anyway.
+ \def\emergencystretch{\dimen0}%
+ \else
+ \emergencystretch = .15\hsize
+ \fi
+}
+
+% Parameters in order: 1) textheight; 2) textwidth; 3) voffset;
+% 4) hoffset; 5) binding offset; 6) topskip; 7) physical page height; 8)
+% physical page width.
+%
+% We also call \setleading{\textleading}, so the caller should define
+% \textleading. The caller should also set \parskip.
+%
+\def\internalpagesizes#1#2#3#4#5#6#7#8{%
+ \voffset = #3\relax
+ \topskip = #6\relax
+ \splittopskip = \topskip
+ %
+ \vsize = #1\relax
+ \advance\vsize by \topskip
+ \outervsize = \vsize
+ \advance\outervsize by 2\topandbottommargin
+ \pageheight = \vsize
+ %
+ \hsize = #2\relax
+ \outerhsize = \hsize
+ \advance\outerhsize by 0.5in
+ \pagewidth = \hsize
+ %
+ \normaloffset = #4\relax
+ \bindingoffset = #5\relax
+ %
+ \ifpdf
+ \pdfpageheight #7\relax
+ \pdfpagewidth #8\relax
+ \fi
+ %
+ \setleading{\textleading}
+ %
+ \parindent = \defaultparindent
+ \setemergencystretch
+}
+
+% @letterpaper (the default).
+\def\letterpaper{{\globaldefs = 1
+ \parskip = 3pt plus 2pt minus 1pt
+ \textleading = 13.2pt
+ %
+ % If page is nothing but text, make it come out even.
+ \internalpagesizes{46\baselineskip}{6in}%
+ {\voffset}{.25in}%
+ {\bindingoffset}{36pt}%
+ {11in}{8.5in}%
+}}
+
+% Use @smallbook to reset parameters for 7x9.5 (or so) format.
+\def\smallbook{{\globaldefs = 1
+ \parskip = 2pt plus 1pt
+ \textleading = 12pt
+ %
+ \internalpagesizes{7.5in}{5in}%
+ {\voffset}{.25in}%
+ {\bindingoffset}{16pt}%
+ {9.25in}{7in}%
+ %
+ \lispnarrowing = 0.3in
+ \tolerance = 700
+ \hfuzz = 1pt
+ \contentsrightmargin = 0pt
+ \defbodyindent = .5cm
+}}
+
+% Use @afourpaper to print on European A4 paper.
+\def\afourpaper{{\globaldefs = 1
+ \parskip = 3pt plus 2pt minus 1pt
+ \textleading = 13.2pt
+ %
+ % Double-side printing via postscript on Laserjet 4050
+ % prints double-sided nicely when \bindingoffset=10mm and \hoffset=-6mm.
+ % To change the settings for a different printer or situation, adjust
+ % \normaloffset until the front-side and back-side texts align. Then
+ % do the same for \bindingoffset. You can set these for testing in
+ % your texinfo source file like this:
+ % @tex
+ % \global\normaloffset = -6mm
+ % \global\bindingoffset = 10mm
+ % @end tex
+ \internalpagesizes{51\baselineskip}{160mm}
+ {\voffset}{\hoffset}%
+ {\bindingoffset}{44pt}%
+ {297mm}{210mm}%
+ %
+ \tolerance = 700
+ \hfuzz = 1pt
+ \contentsrightmargin = 0pt
+ \defbodyindent = 5mm
+}}
+
+% Use @afivepaper to print on European A5 paper.
+% From romildo@urano.iceb.ufop.br, 2 July 2000.
+% He also recommends making @example and @lisp be small.
+\def\afivepaper{{\globaldefs = 1
+ \parskip = 2pt plus 1pt minus 0.1pt
+ \textleading = 12.5pt
+ %
+ \internalpagesizes{160mm}{120mm}%
+ {\voffset}{\hoffset}%
+ {\bindingoffset}{8pt}%
+ {210mm}{148mm}%
+ %
+ \lispnarrowing = 0.2in
+ \tolerance = 800
+ \hfuzz = 1.2pt
+ \contentsrightmargin = 0pt
+ \defbodyindent = 2mm
+ \tableindent = 12mm
+}}
+
+% A specific text layout, 24x15cm overall, intended for A4 paper.
+\def\afourlatex{{\globaldefs = 1
+ \afourpaper
+ \internalpagesizes{237mm}{150mm}%
+ {\voffset}{4.6mm}%
+ {\bindingoffset}{7mm}%
+ {297mm}{210mm}%
+ %
+ % Must explicitly reset to 0 because we call \afourpaper.
+ \globaldefs = 0
+}}
+
+% Use @afourwide to print on A4 paper in landscape format.
+\def\afourwide{{\globaldefs = 1
+ \afourpaper
+ \internalpagesizes{241mm}{165mm}%
+ {\voffset}{-2.95mm}%
+ {\bindingoffset}{7mm}%
+ {297mm}{210mm}%
+ \globaldefs = 0
+}}
+
+% @pagesizes TEXTHEIGHT[,TEXTWIDTH]
+% Perhaps we should allow setting the margins, \topskip, \parskip,
+% and/or leading, also. Or perhaps we should compute them somehow.
+%
+\def\pagesizes{\parsearg\pagesizesxxx}
+\def\pagesizesxxx#1{\pagesizesyyy #1,,\finish}
+\def\pagesizesyyy#1,#2,#3\finish{{%
+ \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}\ifdim\wd0 > 0pt \hsize=#2\relax \fi
+ \globaldefs = 1
+ %
+ \parskip = 3pt plus 2pt minus 1pt
+ \setleading{\textleading}%
+ %
+ \dimen0 = #1
+ \advance\dimen0 by \voffset
+ %
+ \dimen2 = \hsize
+ \advance\dimen2 by \normaloffset
+ %
+ \internalpagesizes{#1}{\hsize}%
+ {\voffset}{\normaloffset}%
+ {\bindingoffset}{44pt}%
+ {\dimen0}{\dimen2}%
+}}
+
+% Set default to letter.
+%
+\letterpaper
+
+
+\message{and turning on texinfo input format.}
+
+% Define macros to output various characters with catcode for normal text.
+\catcode`\"=\other
+\catcode`\~=\other
+\catcode`\^=\other
+\catcode`\_=\other
+\catcode`\|=\other
+\catcode`\<=\other
+\catcode`\>=\other
+\catcode`\+=\other
+\catcode`\$=\other
+\def\normaldoublequote{"}
+\def\normaltilde{~}
+\def\normalcaret{^}
+\def\normalunderscore{_}
+\def\normalverticalbar{|}
+\def\normalless{<}
+\def\normalgreater{>}
+\def\normalplus{+}
+\def\normaldollar{$}%$ font-lock fix
+
+% This macro is used to make a character print one way in ttfont
+% where it can probably just be output, and another way in other fonts,
+% where something hairier probably needs to be done.
+%
+% #1 is what to print if we are indeed using \tt; #2 is what to print
+% otherwise. Since all the Computer Modern typewriter fonts have zero
+% interword stretch (and shrink), and it is reasonable to expect all
+% typewriter fonts to have this, we can check that font parameter.
+%
+\def\ifusingtt#1#2{\ifdim \fontdimen3\font=0pt #1\else #2\fi}
+
+% Same as above, but check for italic font. Actually this also catches
+% non-italic slanted fonts since it is impossible to distinguish them from
+% italic fonts. But since this is only used by $ and it uses \sl anyway
+% this is not a problem.
+\def\ifusingit#1#2{\ifdim \fontdimen1\font>0pt #1\else #2\fi}
+
+% Turn off all special characters except @
+% (and those which the user can use as if they were ordinary).
+% Most of these we simply print from the \tt font, but for some, we can
+% use math or other variants that look better in normal text.
+
+\catcode`\"=\active
+\def\activedoublequote{{\tt\char34}}
+\let"=\activedoublequote
+\catcode`\~=\active
+\def~{{\tt\char126}}
+\chardef\hat=`\^
+\catcode`\^=\active
+\def^{{\tt \hat}}
+
+\catcode`\_=\active
+\def_{\ifusingtt\normalunderscore\_}
+% Subroutine for the previous macro.
+\def\_{\leavevmode \kern.07em \vbox{\hrule width.3em height.1ex}\kern .07em }
+
+\catcode`\|=\active
+\def|{{\tt\char124}}
+\chardef \less=`\<
+\catcode`\<=\active
+\def<{{\tt \less}}
+\chardef \gtr=`\>
+\catcode`\>=\active
+\def>{{\tt \gtr}}
+\catcode`\+=\active
+\def+{{\tt \char 43}}
+\catcode`\$=\active
+\def${\ifusingit{{\sl\$}}\normaldollar}%$ font-lock fix
+
+% Set up an active definition for =, but don't enable it most of the time.
+{\catcode`\==\active
+\global\def={{\tt \char 61}}}
+
+\catcode`+=\active
+\catcode`\_=\active
+
+% If a .fmt file is being used, characters that might appear in a file
+% name cannot be active until we have parsed the command line.
+% So turn them off again, and have \everyjob (or @setfilename) turn them on.
+% \otherifyactive is called near the end of this file.
+\def\otherifyactive{\catcode`+=\other \catcode`\_=\other}
+
+\catcode`\@=0
+
+% \rawbackslashxx outputs one backslash character in current font,
+% as in \char`\\.
+\global\chardef\rawbackslashxx=`\\
+
+% \rawbackslash defines an active \ to do \rawbackslashxx.
+% \otherbackslash defines an active \ to be a literal `\' character with
+% catcode other.
+{\catcode`\\=\active
+ @gdef@rawbackslash{@let\=@rawbackslashxx}
+ @gdef@otherbackslash{@let\=@realbackslash}
+}
+
+% \realbackslash is an actual character `\' with catcode other.
+{\catcode`\\=\other @gdef@realbackslash{\}}
+
+% \normalbackslash outputs one backslash in fixed width font.
+\def\normalbackslash{{\tt\rawbackslashxx}}
+
+\catcode`\\=\active
+
+% Used sometimes to turn off (effectively) the active characters
+% even after parsing them.
+@def@turnoffactive{%
+ @let"=@normaldoublequote
+ @let\=@realbackslash
+ @let~=@normaltilde
+ @let^=@normalcaret
+ @let_=@normalunderscore
+ @let|=@normalverticalbar
+ @let<=@normalless
+ @let>=@normalgreater
+ @let+=@normalplus
+ @let$=@normaldollar %$ font-lock fix
+}
+
+% Same as @turnoffactive except outputs \ as {\tt\char`\\} instead of
+% the literal character `\'. (Thus, \ is not expandable when this is in
+% effect.)
+%
+@def@normalturnoffactive{@turnoffactive @let\=@normalbackslash}
+
+% Make _ and + \other characters, temporarily.
+% This is canceled by @fixbackslash.
+@otherifyactive
+
+% If a .fmt file is being used, we don't want the `\input texinfo' to show up.
+% That is what \eatinput is for; after that, the `\' should revert to printing
+% a backslash.
+%
+@gdef@eatinput input texinfo{@fixbackslash}
+@global@let\ = @eatinput
+
+% On the other hand, perhaps the file did not have a `\input texinfo'. Then
+% the first `\{ in the file would cause an error. This macro tries to fix
+% that, assuming it is called before the first `\' could plausibly occur.
+% Also back turn on active characters that might appear in the input
+% file name, in case not using a pre-dumped format.
+%
+@gdef@fixbackslash{%
+ @ifx\@eatinput @let\ = @normalbackslash @fi
+ @catcode`+=@active
+ @catcode`@_=@active
+}
+
+% Say @foo, not \foo, in error messages.
+@escapechar = `@@
+
+% These look ok in all fonts, so just make them not special.
+@catcode`@& = @other
+@catcode`@# = @other
+@catcode`@% = @other
+
+@c Set initial fonts.
+@textfonts
+@rm
+
+
+@c Local variables:
+@c eval: (add-hook 'write-file-hooks 'time-stamp)
+@c page-delimiter: "^\\\\message"
+@c time-stamp-start: "def\\\\texinfoversion{"
+@c time-stamp-format: "%:y-%02m-%02d.%02H"
+@c time-stamp-end: "}"
+@c End:
@end ignore
@set EDITION 3.0
-@set VERSION 3.0-rc1
-@set UPDATED 26 June 2004
-@set UPDATED-MONTH June 2004
+@set VERSION 3.0
+@set UPDATED 27 July 2004
+@set UPDATED-MONTH July 2004
-@set LASTCHANGE Sat Jun 26 14:26:27 EDT 2004
+@set LASTCHANGE Tue Jul 27 09:12:07 EDT 2004
+++ /dev/null
-../../include/ansi_stdlib.h
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+/* ansi_stdlib.h -- An ANSI Standard stdlib.h. */
+/* A minimal stdlib.h containing extern declarations for those functions
+ that bash uses. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+ the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
+ Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
+ version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+ WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+ for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+ with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software
+ Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA. */
+
+#if !defined (_STDLIB_H_)
+#define _STDLIB_H_ 1
+
+/* String conversion functions. */
+extern int atoi ();
+
+extern double atof ();
+extern double strtod ();
+
+/* Memory allocation functions. */
+/* Generic pointer type. */
+#ifndef PTR_T
+
+#if defined (__STDC__)
+# define PTR_T void *
+#else
+# define PTR_T char *
+#endif
+
+#endif /* PTR_T */
+
+extern PTR_T malloc ();
+extern PTR_T realloc ();
+extern void free ();
+
+/* Other miscellaneous functions. */
+extern void abort ();
+extern void exit ();
+extern char *getenv ();
+extern void qsort ();
+
+#endif /* _STDLIB_H */
+++ /dev/null
-../../../doc/fdl.texi
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+
+@node GNU Free Documentation License
+@appendixsec GNU Free Documentation License
+
+@cindex FDL, GNU Free Documentation License
+@center Version 1.2, November 2002
+
+@display
+Copyright @copyright{} 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA
+
+Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
+of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+@end display
+
+@enumerate 0
+@item
+PREAMBLE
+
+The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
+functional and useful document @dfn{free} in the sense of freedom: to
+assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it,
+with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
+Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way
+to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible
+for modifications made by others.
+
+This License is a kind of ``copyleft'', which means that derivative
+works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It
+complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
+license designed for free software.
+
+We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
+software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
+program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
+software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals;
+it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
+whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License
+principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
+
+@item
+APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
+
+This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that
+contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be
+distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a
+world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that
+work under the conditions stated herein. The ``Document'', below,
+refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a
+licensee, and is addressed as ``you''. You accept the license if you
+copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission
+under copyright law.
+
+A ``Modified Version'' of the Document means any work containing the
+Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
+modifications and/or translated into another language.
+
+A ``Secondary Section'' is a named appendix or a front-matter section
+of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
+publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall
+subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall
+directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in
+part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain
+any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical
+connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal,
+commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding
+them.
+
+The ``Invariant Sections'' are certain Secondary Sections whose titles
+are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice
+that says that the Document is released under this License. If a
+section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not
+allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero
+Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant
+Sections then there are none.
+
+The ``Cover Texts'' are certain short passages of text that are listed,
+as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that
+the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may
+be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.
+
+A ``Transparent'' copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
+represented in a format whose specification is available to the
+general public, that is suitable for revising the document
+straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of
+pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
+drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or
+for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input
+to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file
+format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart
+or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent.
+An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount
+of text. A copy that is not ``Transparent'' is called ``Opaque''.
+
+Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
+@sc{ascii} without markup, Texinfo input format, La@TeX{} input
+format, @acronym{SGML} or @acronym{XML} using a publicly available
+@acronym{DTD}, and standard-conforming simple @acronym{HTML},
+PostScript or @acronym{PDF} designed for human modification. Examples
+of transparent image formats include @acronym{PNG}, @acronym{XCF} and
+@acronym{JPG}. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be
+read and edited only by proprietary word processors, @acronym{SGML} or
+@acronym{XML} for which the @acronym{DTD} and/or processing tools are
+not generally available, and the machine-generated @acronym{HTML},
+PostScript or @acronym{PDF} produced by some word processors for
+output purposes only.
+
+The ``Title Page'' means, for a printed book, the title page itself,
+plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material
+this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in
+formats which do not have any title page as such, ``Title Page'' means
+the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
+preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
+
+A section ``Entitled XYZ'' means a named subunit of the Document whose
+title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following
+text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a
+specific section name mentioned below, such as ``Acknowledgements'',
+``Dedications'', ``Endorsements'', or ``History''.) To ``Preserve the Title''
+of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a
+section ``Entitled XYZ'' according to this definition.
+
+The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which
+states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty
+Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this
+License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other
+implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has
+no effect on the meaning of this License.
+
+@item
+VERBATIM COPYING
+
+You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
+commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
+copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
+to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other
+conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
+technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further
+copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept
+compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough
+number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
+
+You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
+you may publicly display copies.
+
+@item
+COPYING IN QUANTITY
+
+If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have
+printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
+Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the
+copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover
+Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on
+the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify
+you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present
+the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and
+visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition.
+Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve
+the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated
+as verbatim copying in other respects.
+
+If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
+legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
+reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
+pages.
+
+If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering
+more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent
+copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy
+a computer-network location from which the general network-using
+public has access to download using public-standard network protocols
+a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material.
+If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps,
+when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure
+that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated
+location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an
+Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that
+edition to the public.
+
+It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
+Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give
+them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
+
+@item
+MODIFICATIONS
+
+You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under
+the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release
+the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified
+Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution
+and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy
+of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
+
+@enumerate A
+@item
+Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
+from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions
+(which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section
+of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version
+if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
+
+@item
+List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
+responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
+Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
+Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five),
+unless they release you from this requirement.
+
+@item
+State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
+Modified Version, as the publisher.
+
+@item
+Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
+
+@item
+Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
+adjacent to the other copyright notices.
+
+@item
+Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
+giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
+terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
+
+@item
+Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections
+and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
+
+@item
+Include an unaltered copy of this License.
+
+@item
+Preserve the section Entitled ``History'', Preserve its Title, and add
+to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and
+publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If
+there is no section Entitled ``History'' in the Document, create one
+stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as
+given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified
+Version as stated in the previous sentence.
+
+@item
+Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
+public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise
+the network locations given in the Document for previous versions
+it was based on. These may be placed in the ``History'' section.
+You may omit a network location for a work that was published at
+least four years before the Document itself, or if the original
+publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
+
+@item
+For any section Entitled ``Acknowledgements'' or ``Dedications'', Preserve
+the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the
+substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or
+dedications given therein.
+
+@item
+Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
+unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers
+or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
+
+@item
+Delete any section Entitled ``Endorsements''. Such a section
+may not be included in the Modified Version.
+
+@item
+Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled ``Endorsements'' or
+to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
+
+@item
+Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
+@end enumerate
+
+If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
+appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
+copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
+of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the
+list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
+These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
+
+You may add a section Entitled ``Endorsements'', provided it contains
+nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
+parties---for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
+been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
+standard.
+
+You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
+passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
+of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of
+Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or
+through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already
+includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or
+by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of,
+you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit
+permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
+
+The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
+give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
+imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
+
+@item
+COMBINING DOCUMENTS
+
+You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
+License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
+versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
+Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
+list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
+license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
+
+The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
+multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
+copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
+different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
+adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
+author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
+Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of
+Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
+
+In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled ``History''
+in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled
+``History''; likewise combine any sections Entitled ``Acknowledgements'',
+and any sections Entitled ``Dedications''. You must delete all
+sections Entitled ``Endorsements.''
+
+@item
+COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
+
+You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
+released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this
+License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in
+the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for
+verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
+
+You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute
+it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this
+License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all
+other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
+
+@item
+AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
+
+A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
+and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
+distribution medium, is called an ``aggregate'' if the copyright
+resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights
+of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit.
+When the Document is included an aggregate, this License does not
+apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
+derivative works of the Document.
+
+If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
+copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of
+the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
+covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
+electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form.
+Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole
+aggregate.
+
+@item
+TRANSLATION
+
+Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
+distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
+Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
+permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
+translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
+original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
+translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
+Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include
+the original English version of this License and the original versions
+of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between
+the translation and the original version of this License or a notice
+or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
+
+If a section in the Document is Entitled ``Acknowledgements'',
+``Dedications'', or ``History'', the requirement (section 4) to Preserve
+its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual
+title.
+
+@item
+TERMINATION
+
+You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except
+as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to
+copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
+automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
+parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
+License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
+parties remain in full compliance.
+
+@item
+FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
+
+The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions
+of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new
+versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
+differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See
+@uref{http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/}.
+
+Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
+If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
+License ``or any later version'' applies to it, you have the option of
+following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
+of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
+Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
+number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
+as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
+@end enumerate
+
+@page
+@appendixsubsec ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
+
+To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
+the License in the document and put the following copyright and
+license notices just after the title page:
+
+@smallexample
+@group
+ Copyright (C) @var{year} @var{your name}.
+ Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
+ under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
+ or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
+ with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
+ A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
+ Free Documentation License''.
+@end group
+@end smallexample
+
+If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
+replace the ``with...Texts.'' line with this:
+
+@smallexample
+@group
+ with the Invariant Sections being @var{list their titles}, with
+ the Front-Cover Texts being @var{list}, and with the Back-Cover Texts
+ being @var{list}.
+@end group
+@end smallexample
+
+If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
+combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
+situation.
+
+If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
+recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
+free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
+to permit their use in free software.
+
+@c Local Variables:
+@c ispell-local-pdict: "ispell-dict"
+@c End:
+
a programming tool that provides a consistent user interface for
recalling lines of previously typed input.
-Copyright @copyright{} 1988-2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright @copyright{} 1988-2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
consistency of user interface across discrete programs which provide
a command line interface.
-Copyright @copyright{} 1988-2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright @copyright{} 1988-2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
consistency of user interface across discrete programs which provide
a command line interface.
-Copyright @copyright{} 1988-2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright @copyright{} 1988-2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
@set EDITION 5.0
@set VERSION 5.0
@set UPDATED 28 January 2004
-@set UPDATED-MONTH January 2003
+@set UPDATED-MONTH January 2004
@set LASTCHANGE Wed Jan 28 15:46:54 EST 2004
+++ /dev/null
-../../include/posixdir.h
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+/* posixdir.h -- Posix directory reading includes and defines. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1987,1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+ any later version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public
+ License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free
+ Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA. */
+
+/* This file should be included instead of <dirent.h> or <sys/dir.h>. */
+
+#if !defined (_POSIXDIR_H_)
+#define _POSIXDIR_H_
+
+#if defined (HAVE_DIRENT_H)
+# include <dirent.h>
+# if defined (HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_NAMLEN)
+# define D_NAMLEN(d) ((d)->d_namlen)
+# else
+# define D_NAMLEN(d) (strlen ((d)->d_name))
+# endif /* !HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_NAMLEN */
+#else
+# if defined (HAVE_SYS_NDIR_H)
+# include <sys/ndir.h>
+# endif
+# if defined (HAVE_SYS_DIR_H)
+# include <sys/dir.h>
+# endif
+# if defined (HAVE_NDIR_H)
+# include <ndir.h>
+# endif
+# if !defined (dirent)
+# define dirent direct
+# endif /* !dirent */
+# define D_NAMLEN(d) ((d)->d_namlen)
+#endif /* !HAVE_DIRENT_H */
+
+#if defined (HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_INO) && !defined (HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_FILENO)
+# define d_fileno d_ino
+#endif
+
+#if defined (_POSIX_SOURCE) && (!defined (HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_INO) || defined (BROKEN_DIRENT_D_INO))
+/* Posix does not require that the d_ino field be present, and some
+ systems do not provide it. */
+# define REAL_DIR_ENTRY(dp) 1
+#else
+# define REAL_DIR_ENTRY(dp) (dp->d_ino != 0)
+#endif /* _POSIX_SOURCE */
+
+#endif /* !_POSIXDIR_H_ */
+++ /dev/null
-../../include/posixjmp.h
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+/* posixjmp.h -- wrapper for setjmp.h with changes for POSIX systems. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1987,1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+ any later version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public
+ License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free
+ Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA. */
+
+#ifndef _POSIXJMP_H_
+#define _POSIXJMP_H_
+
+#include <setjmp.h>
+
+/* This *must* be included *after* config.h */
+
+#if defined (HAVE_POSIX_SIGSETJMP)
+# define procenv_t sigjmp_buf
+# if !defined (__OPENNT)
+# undef setjmp
+# define setjmp(x) sigsetjmp((x), 1)
+# undef longjmp
+# define longjmp(x, n) siglongjmp((x), (n))
+# endif /* !__OPENNT */
+#else
+# define procenv_t jmp_buf
+#endif
+
+#endif /* _POSIXJMP_H_ */
+++ /dev/null
-../../include/posixstat.h
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+/* posixstat.h -- Posix stat(2) definitions for systems that
+ don't have them. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1987,1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
+
+ Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+ any later version.
+
+ Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+ or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public
+ License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free
+ Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA. */
+
+/* This file should be included instead of <sys/stat.h>.
+ It relies on the local sys/stat.h to work though. */
+#if !defined (_POSIXSTAT_H_)
+#define _POSIXSTAT_H_
+
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+
+#if defined (STAT_MACROS_BROKEN)
+# undef S_ISBLK
+# undef S_ISCHR
+# undef S_ISDIR
+# undef S_ISFIFO
+# undef S_ISREG
+# undef S_ISLNK
+#endif /* STAT_MACROS_BROKEN */
+
+/* These are guaranteed to work only on isc386 */
+#if !defined (S_IFDIR) && !defined (S_ISDIR)
+# define S_IFDIR 0040000
+#endif /* !S_IFDIR && !S_ISDIR */
+#if !defined (S_IFMT)
+# define S_IFMT 0170000
+#endif /* !S_IFMT */
+
+/* Posix 1003.1 5.6.1.1 <sys/stat.h> file types */
+
+/* Some Posix-wannabe systems define _S_IF* macros instead of S_IF*, but
+ do not provide the S_IS* macros that Posix requires. */
+
+#if defined (_S_IFMT) && !defined (S_IFMT)
+#define S_IFMT _S_IFMT
+#endif
+#if defined (_S_IFIFO) && !defined (S_IFIFO)
+#define S_IFIFO _S_IFIFO
+#endif
+#if defined (_S_IFCHR) && !defined (S_IFCHR)
+#define S_IFCHR _S_IFCHR
+#endif
+#if defined (_S_IFDIR) && !defined (S_IFDIR)
+#define S_IFDIR _S_IFDIR
+#endif
+#if defined (_S_IFBLK) && !defined (S_IFBLK)
+#define S_IFBLK _S_IFBLK
+#endif
+#if defined (_S_IFREG) && !defined (S_IFREG)
+#define S_IFREG _S_IFREG
+#endif
+#if defined (_S_IFLNK) && !defined (S_IFLNK)
+#define S_IFLNK _S_IFLNK
+#endif
+#if defined (_S_IFSOCK) && !defined (S_IFSOCK)
+#define S_IFSOCK _S_IFSOCK
+#endif
+
+/* Test for each symbol individually and define the ones necessary (some
+ systems claiming Posix compatibility define some but not all). */
+
+#if defined (S_IFBLK) && !defined (S_ISBLK)
+#define S_ISBLK(m) (((m)&S_IFMT) == S_IFBLK) /* block device */
+#endif
+
+#if defined (S_IFCHR) && !defined (S_ISCHR)
+#define S_ISCHR(m) (((m)&S_IFMT) == S_IFCHR) /* character device */
+#endif
+
+#if defined (S_IFDIR) && !defined (S_ISDIR)
+#define S_ISDIR(m) (((m)&S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR) /* directory */
+#endif
+
+#if defined (S_IFREG) && !defined (S_ISREG)
+#define S_ISREG(m) (((m)&S_IFMT) == S_IFREG) /* file */
+#endif
+
+#if defined (S_IFIFO) && !defined (S_ISFIFO)
+#define S_ISFIFO(m) (((m)&S_IFMT) == S_IFIFO) /* fifo - named pipe */
+#endif
+
+#if defined (S_IFLNK) && !defined (S_ISLNK)
+#define S_ISLNK(m) (((m)&S_IFMT) == S_IFLNK) /* symbolic link */
+#endif
+
+#if defined (S_IFSOCK) && !defined (S_ISSOCK)
+#define S_ISSOCK(m) (((m)&S_IFMT) == S_IFSOCK) /* socket */
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * POSIX 1003.1 5.6.1.2 <sys/stat.h> File Modes
+ */
+
+#if !defined (S_IRWXU)
+# if !defined (S_IREAD)
+# define S_IREAD 00400
+# define S_IWRITE 00200
+# define S_IEXEC 00100
+# endif /* S_IREAD */
+
+# if !defined (S_IRUSR)
+# define S_IRUSR S_IREAD /* read, owner */
+# define S_IWUSR S_IWRITE /* write, owner */
+# define S_IXUSR S_IEXEC /* execute, owner */
+
+# define S_IRGRP (S_IREAD >> 3) /* read, group */
+# define S_IWGRP (S_IWRITE >> 3) /* write, group */
+# define S_IXGRP (S_IEXEC >> 3) /* execute, group */
+
+# define S_IROTH (S_IREAD >> 6) /* read, other */
+# define S_IWOTH (S_IWRITE >> 6) /* write, other */
+# define S_IXOTH (S_IEXEC >> 6) /* execute, other */
+# endif /* !S_IRUSR */
+
+# define S_IRWXU (S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IXUSR)
+# define S_IRWXG (S_IRGRP | S_IWGRP | S_IXGRP)
+# define S_IRWXO (S_IROTH | S_IWOTH | S_IXOTH)
+#endif /* !S_IRWXU */
+
+/* These are non-standard, but are used in builtins.c$symbolic_umask() */
+#define S_IRUGO (S_IRUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH)
+#define S_IWUGO (S_IWUSR | S_IWGRP | S_IWOTH)
+#define S_IXUGO (S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH)
+
+#endif /* _POSIXSTAT_H_ */
+++ /dev/null
-../tilde/tilde.c
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+/* tilde.c -- Tilde expansion code (~/foo := $HOME/foo). */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1988,1989 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file is part of GNU Readline, a library for reading lines
+ of text with interactive input and history editing.
+
+ Readline is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any
+ later version.
+
+ Readline is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with Readline; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free
+ Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA. */
+
+#if defined (HAVE_CONFIG_H)
+# include <config.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
+# ifdef _MINIX
+# include <sys/types.h>
+# endif
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined (HAVE_STRING_H)
+# include <string.h>
+#else /* !HAVE_STRING_H */
+# include <strings.h>
+#endif /* !HAVE_STRING_H */
+
+#if defined (HAVE_STDLIB_H)
+# include <stdlib.h>
+#else
+# include "ansi_stdlib.h"
+#endif /* HAVE_STDLIB_H */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <pwd.h>
+
+#include "tilde.h"
+
+#if defined (TEST) || defined (STATIC_MALLOC)
+static void *xmalloc (), *xrealloc ();
+#else
+# include "xmalloc.h"
+#endif /* TEST || STATIC_MALLOC */
+
+#if !defined (HAVE_GETPW_DECLS)
+extern struct passwd *getpwuid PARAMS((uid_t));
+extern struct passwd *getpwnam PARAMS((const char *));
+#endif /* !HAVE_GETPW_DECLS */
+
+#if !defined (savestring)
+#define savestring(x) strcpy ((char *)xmalloc (1 + strlen (x)), (x))
+#endif /* !savestring */
+
+#if !defined (NULL)
+# if defined (__STDC__)
+# define NULL ((void *) 0)
+# else
+# define NULL 0x0
+# endif /* !__STDC__ */
+#endif /* !NULL */
+
+/* If being compiled as part of bash, these will be satisfied from
+ variables.o. If being compiled as part of readline, they will
+ be satisfied from shell.o. */
+extern char *sh_get_home_dir PARAMS((void));
+extern char *sh_get_env_value PARAMS((const char *));
+
+/* The default value of tilde_additional_prefixes. This is set to
+ whitespace preceding a tilde so that simple programs which do not
+ perform any word separation get desired behaviour. */
+static const char *default_prefixes[] =
+ { " ~", "\t~", (const char *)NULL };
+
+/* The default value of tilde_additional_suffixes. This is set to
+ whitespace or newline so that simple programs which do not
+ perform any word separation get desired behaviour. */
+static const char *default_suffixes[] =
+ { " ", "\n", (const char *)NULL };
+
+/* If non-null, this contains the address of a function that the application
+ wants called before trying the standard tilde expansions. The function
+ is called with the text sans tilde, and returns a malloc()'ed string
+ which is the expansion, or a NULL pointer if the expansion fails. */
+tilde_hook_func_t *tilde_expansion_preexpansion_hook = (tilde_hook_func_t *)NULL;
+
+/* If non-null, this contains the address of a function to call if the
+ standard meaning for expanding a tilde fails. The function is called
+ with the text (sans tilde, as in "foo"), and returns a malloc()'ed string
+ which is the expansion, or a NULL pointer if there is no expansion. */
+tilde_hook_func_t *tilde_expansion_failure_hook = (tilde_hook_func_t *)NULL;
+
+/* When non-null, this is a NULL terminated array of strings which
+ are duplicates for a tilde prefix. Bash uses this to expand
+ `=~' and `:~'. */
+char **tilde_additional_prefixes = (char **)default_prefixes;
+
+/* When non-null, this is a NULL terminated array of strings which match
+ the end of a username, instead of just "/". Bash sets this to
+ `:' and `=~'. */
+char **tilde_additional_suffixes = (char **)default_suffixes;
+
+static int tilde_find_prefix PARAMS((const char *, int *));
+static int tilde_find_suffix PARAMS((const char *));
+static char *isolate_tilde_prefix PARAMS((const char *, int *));
+static char *glue_prefix_and_suffix PARAMS((char *, const char *, int));
+
+/* Find the start of a tilde expansion in STRING, and return the index of
+ the tilde which starts the expansion. Place the length of the text
+ which identified this tilde starter in LEN, excluding the tilde itself. */
+static int
+tilde_find_prefix (string, len)
+ const char *string;
+ int *len;
+{
+ register int i, j, string_len;
+ register char **prefixes;
+
+ prefixes = tilde_additional_prefixes;
+
+ string_len = strlen (string);
+ *len = 0;
+
+ if (*string == '\0' || *string == '~')
+ return (0);
+
+ if (prefixes)
+ {
+ for (i = 0; i < string_len; i++)
+ {
+ for (j = 0; prefixes[j]; j++)
+ {
+ if (strncmp (string + i, prefixes[j], strlen (prefixes[j])) == 0)
+ {
+ *len = strlen (prefixes[j]) - 1;
+ return (i + *len);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return (string_len);
+}
+
+/* Find the end of a tilde expansion in STRING, and return the index of
+ the character which ends the tilde definition. */
+static int
+tilde_find_suffix (string)
+ const char *string;
+{
+ register int i, j, string_len;
+ register char **suffixes;
+
+ suffixes = tilde_additional_suffixes;
+ string_len = strlen (string);
+
+ for (i = 0; i < string_len; i++)
+ {
+#if defined (__MSDOS__)
+ if (string[i] == '/' || string[i] == '\\' /* || !string[i] */)
+#else
+ if (string[i] == '/' /* || !string[i] */)
+#endif
+ break;
+
+ for (j = 0; suffixes && suffixes[j]; j++)
+ {
+ if (strncmp (string + i, suffixes[j], strlen (suffixes[j])) == 0)
+ return (i);
+ }
+ }
+ return (i);
+}
+
+/* Return a new string which is the result of tilde expanding STRING. */
+char *
+tilde_expand (string)
+ const char *string;
+{
+ char *result;
+ int result_size, result_index;
+
+ result_index = result_size = 0;
+ if (result = strchr (string, '~'))
+ result = (char *)xmalloc (result_size = (strlen (string) + 16));
+ else
+ result = (char *)xmalloc (result_size = (strlen (string) + 1));
+
+ /* Scan through STRING expanding tildes as we come to them. */
+ while (1)
+ {
+ register int start, end;
+ char *tilde_word, *expansion;
+ int len;
+
+ /* Make START point to the tilde which starts the expansion. */
+ start = tilde_find_prefix (string, &len);
+
+ /* Copy the skipped text into the result. */
+ if ((result_index + start + 1) > result_size)
+ result = (char *)xrealloc (result, 1 + (result_size += (start + 20)));
+
+ strncpy (result + result_index, string, start);
+ result_index += start;
+
+ /* Advance STRING to the starting tilde. */
+ string += start;
+
+ /* Make END be the index of one after the last character of the
+ username. */
+ end = tilde_find_suffix (string);
+
+ /* If both START and END are zero, we are all done. */
+ if (!start && !end)
+ break;
+
+ /* Expand the entire tilde word, and copy it into RESULT. */
+ tilde_word = (char *)xmalloc (1 + end);
+ strncpy (tilde_word, string, end);
+ tilde_word[end] = '\0';
+ string += end;
+
+ expansion = tilde_expand_word (tilde_word);
+ free (tilde_word);
+
+ len = strlen (expansion);
+#ifdef __CYGWIN__
+ /* Fix for Cygwin to prevent ~user/xxx from expanding to //xxx when
+ $HOME for `user' is /. On cygwin, // denotes a network drive. */
+ if (len > 1 || *expansion != '/' || *string != '/')
+#endif
+ {
+ if ((result_index + len + 1) > result_size)
+ result = (char *)xrealloc (result, 1 + (result_size += (len + 20)));
+
+ strcpy (result + result_index, expansion);
+ result_index += len;
+ }
+ free (expansion);
+ }
+
+ result[result_index] = '\0';
+
+ return (result);
+}
+
+/* Take FNAME and return the tilde prefix we want expanded. If LENP is
+ non-null, the index of the end of the prefix into FNAME is returned in
+ the location it points to. */
+static char *
+isolate_tilde_prefix (fname, lenp)
+ const char *fname;
+ int *lenp;
+{
+ char *ret;
+ int i;
+
+ ret = (char *)xmalloc (strlen (fname));
+#if defined (__MSDOS__)
+ for (i = 1; fname[i] && fname[i] != '/' && fname[i] != '\\'; i++)
+#else
+ for (i = 1; fname[i] && fname[i] != '/'; i++)
+#endif
+ ret[i - 1] = fname[i];
+ ret[i - 1] = '\0';
+ if (lenp)
+ *lenp = i;
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* Return a string that is PREFIX concatenated with SUFFIX starting at
+ SUFFIND. */
+static char *
+glue_prefix_and_suffix (prefix, suffix, suffind)
+ char *prefix;
+ const char *suffix;
+ int suffind;
+{
+ char *ret;
+ int plen, slen;
+
+ plen = (prefix && *prefix) ? strlen (prefix) : 0;
+ slen = strlen (suffix + suffind);
+ ret = (char *)xmalloc (plen + slen + 1);
+ if (plen)
+ strcpy (ret, prefix);
+ strcpy (ret + plen, suffix + suffind);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* Do the work of tilde expansion on FILENAME. FILENAME starts with a
+ tilde. If there is no expansion, call tilde_expansion_failure_hook.
+ This always returns a newly-allocated string, never static storage. */
+char *
+tilde_expand_word (filename)
+ const char *filename;
+{
+ char *dirname, *expansion, *username;
+ int user_len;
+ struct passwd *user_entry;
+
+ if (filename == 0)
+ return ((char *)NULL);
+
+ if (*filename != '~')
+ return (savestring (filename));
+
+ /* A leading `~/' or a bare `~' is *always* translated to the value of
+ $HOME or the home directory of the current user, regardless of any
+ preexpansion hook. */
+ if (filename[1] == '\0' || filename[1] == '/')
+ {
+ /* Prefix $HOME to the rest of the string. */
+ expansion = sh_get_env_value ("HOME");
+
+ /* If there is no HOME variable, look up the directory in
+ the password database. */
+ if (expansion == 0)
+ expansion = sh_get_home_dir ();
+
+ return (glue_prefix_and_suffix (expansion, filename, 1));
+ }
+
+ username = isolate_tilde_prefix (filename, &user_len);
+
+ if (tilde_expansion_preexpansion_hook)
+ {
+ expansion = (*tilde_expansion_preexpansion_hook) (username);
+ if (expansion)
+ {
+ dirname = glue_prefix_and_suffix (expansion, filename, user_len);
+ free (username);
+ free (expansion);
+ return (dirname);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* No preexpansion hook, or the preexpansion hook failed. Look in the
+ password database. */
+ dirname = (char *)NULL;
+ user_entry = getpwnam (username);
+ if (user_entry == 0)
+ {
+ /* If the calling program has a special syntax for expanding tildes,
+ and we couldn't find a standard expansion, then let them try. */
+ if (tilde_expansion_failure_hook)
+ {
+ expansion = (*tilde_expansion_failure_hook) (username);
+ if (expansion)
+ {
+ dirname = glue_prefix_and_suffix (expansion, filename, user_len);
+ free (expansion);
+ }
+ }
+ free (username);
+ /* If we don't have a failure hook, or if the failure hook did not
+ expand the tilde, return a copy of what we were passed. */
+ if (dirname == 0)
+ dirname = savestring (filename);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ free (username);
+ dirname = glue_prefix_and_suffix (user_entry->pw_dir, filename, user_len);
+ }
+
+ endpwent ();
+ return (dirname);
+}
+
+\f
+#if defined (TEST)
+#undef NULL
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+main (argc, argv)
+ int argc;
+ char **argv;
+{
+ char *result, line[512];
+ int done = 0;
+
+ while (!done)
+ {
+ printf ("~expand: ");
+ fflush (stdout);
+
+ if (!gets (line))
+ strcpy (line, "done");
+
+ if ((strcmp (line, "done") == 0) ||
+ (strcmp (line, "quit") == 0) ||
+ (strcmp (line, "exit") == 0))
+ {
+ done = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ result = tilde_expand (line);
+ printf (" --> %s\n", result);
+ free (result);
+ }
+ exit (0);
+}
+
+static void memory_error_and_abort ();
+
+static void *
+xmalloc (bytes)
+ size_t bytes;
+{
+ void *temp = (char *)malloc (bytes);
+
+ if (!temp)
+ memory_error_and_abort ();
+ return (temp);
+}
+
+static void *
+xrealloc (pointer, bytes)
+ void *pointer;
+ int bytes;
+{
+ void *temp;
+
+ if (!pointer)
+ temp = malloc (bytes);
+ else
+ temp = realloc (pointer, bytes);
+
+ if (!temp)
+ memory_error_and_abort ();
+
+ return (temp);
+}
+
+static void
+memory_error_and_abort ()
+{
+ fprintf (stderr, "readline: out of virtual memory\n");
+ abort ();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Local variables:
+ * compile-command: "gcc -g -DTEST -o tilde tilde.c"
+ * end:
+ */
+#endif /* TEST */
+++ /dev/null
-../tilde/tilde.h
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+/* tilde.h: Externally available variables and function in libtilde.a. */
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1992 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+ This file contains the Readline Library (the Library), a set of
+ routines for providing Emacs style line input to programs that ask
+ for it.
+
+ The Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+ any later version.
+
+ The Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ General Public License for more details.
+
+ The GNU General Public License is often shipped with GNU software, and
+ is generally kept in a file called COPYING or LICENSE. If you do not
+ have a copy of the license, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA. */
+
+#if !defined (_TILDE_H_)
+# define _TILDE_H_
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/* A function can be defined using prototypes and compile on both ANSI C
+ and traditional C compilers with something like this:
+ extern char *func PARAMS((char *, char *, int)); */
+
+#if !defined (PARAMS)
+# if defined (__STDC__) || defined (__GNUC__) || defined (__cplusplus)
+# define PARAMS(protos) protos
+# else
+# define PARAMS(protos) ()
+# endif
+#endif
+
+typedef char *tilde_hook_func_t PARAMS((char *));
+
+/* If non-null, this contains the address of a function that the application
+ wants called before trying the standard tilde expansions. The function
+ is called with the text sans tilde, and returns a malloc()'ed string
+ which is the expansion, or a NULL pointer if the expansion fails. */
+extern tilde_hook_func_t *tilde_expansion_preexpansion_hook;
+
+/* If non-null, this contains the address of a function to call if the
+ standard meaning for expanding a tilde fails. The function is called
+ with the text (sans tilde, as in "foo"), and returns a malloc()'ed string
+ which is the expansion, or a NULL pointer if there is no expansion. */
+extern tilde_hook_func_t *tilde_expansion_failure_hook;
+
+/* When non-null, this is a NULL terminated array of strings which
+ are duplicates for a tilde prefix. Bash uses this to expand
+ `=~' and `:~'. */
+extern char **tilde_additional_prefixes;
+
+/* When non-null, this is a NULL terminated array of strings which match
+ the end of a username, instead of just "/". Bash sets this to
+ `:' and `=~'. */
+extern char **tilde_additional_suffixes;
+
+/* Return a new string which is the result of tilde expanding STRING. */
+extern char *tilde_expand PARAMS((const char *));
+
+/* Do the work of tilde expansion on FILENAME. FILENAME starts with a
+ tilde. If there is no expansion, call tilde_expansion_failure_hook. */
+extern char *tilde_expand_word PARAMS((const char *));
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif /* _TILDE_H_ */
#if !defined (HAVE_GETCWD)
+#if !defined (__GNUC__) && !defined (HAVE_ALLOCA_H) && defined (_AIX)
+ #pragma alloca
+#endif /* _AIX && RISC6000 && !__GNUC__ */
+
#include <bashtypes.h>
#include <errno.h>
echo "warning: some of these tests may fail if job control has not been compiled" >&2
echo "warning: into the shell" >&2
echo "warning: there may be a message regarding a cat process dying due to a" >&2
-echo "warning: SIGUP. Please disregard." >&2
+echo "warning: SIGHUP. Please disregard." >&2
${THIS_SH} ./jobs.tests > /tmp/xx 2>&1
diff /tmp/xx jobs.right && rm -f /tmp/xx
-echo "warning: different versions of wc put differing amounts of whitespace" >&2
-echo "warning: before their output. Please do not consider this an error." >&2
+echo "warning: different versions of wc put differing amounts of whitespace" >&2
+echo "warning: before their output. Please do not consider this an error." >&2
${THIS_SH} ./read.tests > /tmp/xx 2>&1
diff /tmp/xx read.right && rm -f /tmp/xx
projects / thirdparty / bash.git / commitdiff
