bpf: allow non-owning list-node args via __nonown_allowed

KF_ARG_PTR_TO_LIST_NODE normally requires an owning reference
(PTR_TO_BTF_ID | MEM_ALLOC with ref_obj_id). Introduce  the
__nonown_allowed annotation on selected list-node arguments so
non-owning references with ref_obj_id==0 are accepted as well.

This patch only adds the generic verifier support and documents the
annotation. Later patches in the series will apply it to bpf_list_add
/del(), and bpf_list_is_first/last(), allowing bpf_list_front/back()
results to be used as the insertion point, deletion target, or query
target for those kfuncs.

Verifier keeps existing owning-ref checks by default; only arguments
annotated with __nonown_allowed bypass MEM_ALLOC/ref_obj_id checks
and then follow the same list-node validation path.

Signed-off-by: Kaitao Cheng <chengkaitao@kylinos.cn>
Reviewed-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260521032306.97118-4-kaitao.cheng@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

diff --git a/Documentation/bpf/kfuncs.rst b/Documentation/bpf/kfuncs.rst
index 75e6c078e0e722a24455f87f0e22596bf9020de9..3a9db1108b95d8145e3cea6e692d9c12f730f35e 100644 (file)
--- a/Documentation/bpf/kfuncs.rst
+++ b/Documentation/bpf/kfuncs.rst
@@ -207,8 +207,26 @@ Here, the buffer may be NULL. If the buffer is not NULL, it must be at least
 buffer__szk bytes in size. The kfunc is responsible for checking if the buffer
 is NULL before using it.
 
-2.3.5 __str Annotation
-----------------------------
+2.3.5 __nonown_allowed Annotation
+---------------------------------
+
+This annotation is used to indicate that the parameter may be a non-owning reference.
+
+An example is given below::
+
+        __bpf_kfunc int bpf_list_add(..., struct bpf_list_node
+                                     *prev__nonown_allowed, ...)
+        {
+                ...
+        }
+
+For the ``prev__nonown_allowed`` parameter (resolved as ``KF_ARG_PTR_TO_LIST_NODE``),
+suffix ``__nonown_allowed`` retains the usual owning-pointer rules and also
+permits a non-owning reference with no ref_obj_id (e.g. the return value of
+bpf_list_front() / bpf_list_back()).
+
+2.3.6 __str Annotation
+----------------------
 This annotation is used to indicate that the argument is a constant string.
 
 An example is given below::

diff --git a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
index 8dd79b735a69e0cce49a1d88c2ef706dadd27364..f3cf8d85bea09bf8f68d6468e887da34dfdb03dc 100644 (file)
--- a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
@@ -10714,6 +10714,11 @@ static bool is_kfunc_arg_nullable(const struct btf *btf, const struct btf_param
        return btf_param_match_suffix(btf, arg, "__nullable");
 }
 
+static bool is_kfunc_arg_nonown_allowed(const struct btf *btf, const struct btf_param *arg)
+{
+       return btf_param_match_suffix(btf, arg, "__nonown_allowed");
+}
+
 static bool is_kfunc_arg_const_str(const struct btf *btf, const struct btf_param *arg)
 {
        return btf_param_match_suffix(btf, arg, "__str");
@@ -12244,6 +12249,13 @@ static int check_kfunc_args(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, struct bpf_kfunc_call_
                                return ret;
                        break;
                case KF_ARG_PTR_TO_LIST_NODE:
+                       if (is_kfunc_arg_nonown_allowed(btf, &args[i]) &&
+                           type_is_non_owning_ref(reg->type) && !reg->ref_obj_id) {
+                               /* Allow bpf_list_front/back return value for
+                                * __nonown_allowed list-node arguments.
+                                */
+                               goto check_ok;
+                       }
                        if (reg->type != (PTR_TO_BTF_ID | MEM_ALLOC)) {
                                verbose(env, "%s expected pointer to allocated object\n",
                                        reg_arg_name(env, argno));
@@ -12253,6 +12265,7 @@ static int check_kfunc_args(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, struct bpf_kfunc_call_
                                verbose(env, "allocated object must be referenced\n");
                                return -EINVAL;
                        }
+check_ok:
                        ret = process_kf_arg_ptr_to_list_node(env, reg, argno, meta);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                return ret;