title: Utility classes
---
-Bootstrap includes dozens of utilities—classes with a single purpose. They're designed to keep the number of declarations in your CSS down while allowing for quick and easy development.
+Bootstrap includes dozens of utilities—classes with a single purpose. They're designed to reduce the frequency of highly repetitive declarations in your CSS down while allowing for quick and easy development.
## Contents
* Will be replaced with the ToC, excluding the "Contents" header
{:toc}
+## Spacing
+
+Assign `margin` or `padding` to an element or a subset of it's sides with shorthand classes. Includes support for individual properties, all properties, and vertical and horizontal properties. All classes are multiples on the global default value, `1rem`.
+
+### Margin
+
+{% highlight scss %}
+.m-a-0 { margin: 0; }
+.m-t-0 { margin-top: 0; }
+.m-r-0 { margin-right: 0; }
+.m-b-0 { margin-bottom: 0; }
+.m-l-0 { margin-left: 0; }
+
+.m-a { margin: $spacer; }
+.m-t { margin-top: $spacer-y; }
+.m-r { margin-right: $spacer-x; }
+.m-b { margin-bottom: $spacer-y; }
+.m-l { margin-left: $spacer-x; }
+.m-x { margin-right: $spacer-x; margin-left: $spacer-x; }
+.m-y { margin-top: $spacer-y; margin-bottom: $spacer-y; }
+
+.m-t-md { margin-top: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+.m-r-md { margin-right: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+.m-b-md { margin-bottom: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+.m-l-md { margin-left: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+.m-x-md { margin-right: ($spacer-x * 1.5); margin-left: ($spacer-x * 1.5); }
+.m-y-md { margin-top: ($spacer-y * 1.5); margin-bottom: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+
+.m-t-lg { margin-top: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+.m-r-lg { margin-right: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+.m-b-lg { margin-bottom: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+.m-l-lg { margin-left: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+.m-x-lg { margin-right: ($spacer-x * 3); margin-left: ($spacer-x * 3); }
+.m-y-lg { margin-top: ($spacer-y * 3); margin-bottom: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+{% endhighlight %}
+
+### Padding
+
+{% highlight scss %}
+.p-a-0 { padding: 0; }
+.p-t-0 { padding-top: 0; }
+.p-r-0 { padding-right: 0; }
+.p-b-0 { padding-bottom: 0; }
+.p-l-0 { padding-left: 0; }
+
+.p-a { padding: $spacer; }
+.p-t { padding-top: $spacer-y; }
+.p-r { padding-right: $spacer-x; }
+.p-b { padding-bottom: $spacer-y; }
+.p-l { padding-left: $spacer-x; }
+.p-x { padding-right: $spacer-x; padding-left: $spacer-x; }
+.p-y { padding-top: $spacer-y; padding-bottom: $spacer-y; }
+
+.p-t-md { padding-top: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+.p-r-md { padding-right: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+.p-b-md { padding-bottom: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+.p-l-md { padding-left: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+.p-x-md { padding-right: ($spacer-x * 1.5); padding-left: ($spacer-x * 1.5); }
+.p-y-md { padding-top: ($spacer-y * 1.5); padding-bottom: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+
+.p-t-lg { padding-top: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+.p-r-lg { padding-right: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+.p-b-lg { padding-bottom: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+.p-l-lg { padding-left: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+.p-x-lg { padding-right: ($spacer-x * 3); padding-left: ($spacer-x * 3); }
+.p-y-lg { padding-top: ($spacer-y * 3); padding-bottom: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+{% endhighlight %}
+
+
## Text alignment
Easily realign text to components with text alignment classes.
--- /dev/null
+//
+// Spacing
+//
+
+.m-a-0 { margin: 0; }
+.m-t-0 { margin-top: 0; }
+.m-r-0 { margin-right: 0; }
+.m-b-0 { margin-bottom: 0; }
+.m-l-0 { margin-left: 0; }
+
+.m-a { margin: $spacer; }
+.m-t { margin-top: $spacer-y; }
+.m-r { margin-right: $spacer-x; }
+.m-b { margin-bottom: $spacer-y; }
+.m-l { margin-left: $spacer-x; }
+.m-x { margin-right: $spacer-x; margin-left: $spacer-x; }
+.m-y { margin-top: $spacer-y; margin-bottom: $spacer-y; }
+
+.m-t-md { margin-top: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+.m-r-md { margin-right: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+.m-b-md { margin-bottom: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+.m-l-md { margin-left: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+.m-x-md { margin-right: ($spacer-x * 1.5); margin-left: ($spacer-x * 1.5); }
+.m-y-md { margin-top: ($spacer-y * 1.5); margin-bottom: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+
+.m-t-lg { margin-top: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+.m-r-lg { margin-right: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+.m-b-lg { margin-bottom: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+.m-l-lg { margin-left: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+.m-x-lg { margin-right: ($spacer-x * 3); margin-left: ($spacer-x * 3); }
+.m-y-lg { margin-top: ($spacer-y * 3); margin-bottom: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+
+.p-a-0 { padding: 0; }
+.p-t-0 { padding-top: 0; }
+.p-r-0 { padding-right: 0; }
+.p-b-0 { padding-bottom: 0; }
+.p-l-0 { padding-left: 0; }
+
+.p-a { padding: $spacer; }
+.p-t { padding-top: $spacer-y; }
+.p-r { padding-right: $spacer-x; }
+.p-b { padding-bottom: $spacer-y; }
+.p-l { padding-left: $spacer-x; }
+.p-x { padding-right: $spacer-x; padding-left: $spacer-x; }
+.p-y { padding-top: $spacer-y; padding-bottom: $spacer-y; }
+
+.p-t-md { padding-top: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+.p-r-md { padding-right: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+.p-b-md { padding-bottom: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+.p-l-md { padding-left: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+.p-x-md { padding-right: ($spacer-x * 1.5); padding-left: ($spacer-x * 1.5); }
+.p-y-md { padding-top: ($spacer-y * 1.5); padding-bottom: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
+
+.p-t-lg { padding-top: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+.p-r-lg { padding-right: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+.p-b-lg { padding-bottom: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+.p-l-lg { padding-left: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+.p-x-lg { padding-right: ($spacer-x * 3); padding-left: ($spacer-x * 3); }
+.p-y-lg { padding-top: ($spacer-y * 3); padding-bottom: ($spacer-y * 3); }
+
+
+// Positioning
+.pos-f-t {
+ position: fixed;
+ top: 0;
+ right: 0;
+ left: 0;
+ z-index: $zindex-navbar-fixed;
+}
@include sr-only-focusable();
}
-
-//
-// Spacing
-//
-
-.m-a-0 { margin: 0; }
-.m-t-0 { margin-top: 0; }
-.m-r-0 { margin-right: 0; }
-.m-b-0 { margin-bottom: 0; }
-.m-l-0 { margin-left: 0; }
-
-.m-a { margin: $spacer; }
-.m-t { margin-top: $spacer-y; }
-.m-r { margin-right: $spacer-x; }
-.m-b { margin-bottom: $spacer-y; }
-.m-l { margin-left: $spacer-x; }
-.m-x {
- margin-right: $spacer-x;
- margin-left: $spacer-x;
-}
-.m-y {
- margin-top: $spacer-y;
- margin-bottom: $spacer-y;
-}
-
-.m-t-md { margin-top: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
-.m-r-md { margin-right: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
-.m-b-md { margin-bottom: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
-.m-l-md { margin-left: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
-.m-x-md {
- margin-right: ($spacer-x * 1.5);
- margin-left: ($spacer-x * 1.5);
-}
-.m-y-md {
- margin-top: ($spacer-y * 1.5);
- margin-bottom: ($spacer-y * 1.5);
-}
-
-.m-t-lg { margin-top: ($spacer-y * 3); }
-.m-r-lg { margin-right: ($spacer-y * 3); }
-.m-b-lg { margin-bottom: ($spacer-y * 3); }
-.m-l-lg { margin-left: ($spacer-y * 3); }
-.m-x-lg {
- margin-right: ($spacer-x * 3);
- margin-left: ($spacer-x * 3);
-}
-.m-y-lg {
- margin-top: ($spacer-y * 3);
- margin-bottom: ($spacer-y * 3);
-}
-
-
-
-.p-a-0 { padding: 0; }
-.p-t-0 { padding-top: 0; }
-.p-r-0 { padding-right: 0; }
-.p-b-0 { padding-bottom: 0; }
-.p-l-0 { padding-left: 0; }
-
-.p-a { padding: $spacer; }
-.p-t { padding-top: $spacer-y; }
-.p-r { padding-right: $spacer-x; }
-.p-b { padding-bottom: $spacer-y; }
-.p-l { padding-left: $spacer-x; }
-.p-x {
- padding-right: $spacer-x;
- padding-left: $spacer-x;
-}
-.p-y {
- padding-top: $spacer-y;
- padding-bottom: $spacer-y;
-}
-
-.p-t-md { padding-top: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
-.p-r-md { padding-right: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
-.p-b-md { padding-bottom: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
-.p-l-md { padding-left: ($spacer-y * 1.5); }
-.p-x-md {
- padding-right: ($spacer-x * 1.5);
- padding-left: ($spacer-x * 1.5);
-}
-.p-y-md {
- padding-top: ($spacer-y * 1.5);
- padding-bottom: ($spacer-y * 1.5);
-}
-
-.p-t-lg { padding-top: ($spacer-y * 3); }
-.p-r-lg { padding-right: ($spacer-y * 3); }
-.p-b-lg { padding-bottom: ($spacer-y * 3); }
-.p-l-lg { padding-left: ($spacer-y * 3); }
-.p-x-lg {
- padding-right: ($spacer-x * 3);
- padding-left: ($spacer-x * 3);
-}
-.p-y-lg {
- padding-top: ($spacer-y * 3);
- padding-bottom: ($spacer-y * 3);
-}
-
-
-
-// Positioning
-.pos-f-t {
- position: fixed;
- top: 0;
- right: 0;
- left: 0;
- z-index: $zindex-navbar-fixed;
-}
-
// Always hide an element with the `hidden` HTML attribute (from PureCSS).
[hidden] {
display: none !important;
// Utility classes
@import "utilities";
+@import "utilities-spacing";
@import "utilities-responsive";