--- /dev/null
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <getopt.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <linux/genetlink.h>
+#include <linux/vdpa.h>
+#include <linux/virtio_ids.h>
+#include <linux/netlink.h>
+#include <libmnl/libmnl.h>
+#include "mnl_utils.h"
+
+#include "version.h"
+#include "json_print.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+
+#define VDPA_OPT_MGMTDEV_HANDLE BIT(0)
+#define VDPA_OPT_VDEV_MGMTDEV_HANDLE BIT(1)
+#define VDPA_OPT_VDEV_NAME BIT(2)
+#define VDPA_OPT_VDEV_HANDLE BIT(3)
+
+struct vdpa_opts {
+ uint64_t present; /* flags of present items */
+ char *mdev_bus_name;
+ char *mdev_name;
+ const char *vdev_name;
+ unsigned int device_id;
+};
+
+struct vdpa {
+ struct mnlu_gen_socket nlg;
+ struct vdpa_opts opts;
+ bool json_output;
+ struct indent_mem *indent;
+};
+
+static void pr_out_section_start(struct vdpa *vdpa, const char *name)
+{
+ open_json_object(NULL);
+ open_json_object(name);
+}
+
+static void pr_out_section_end(struct vdpa *vdpa)
+{
+ close_json_object();
+ close_json_object();
+}
+
+static void pr_out_array_start(struct vdpa *vdpa, const char *name)
+{
+ if (!vdpa->json_output) {
+ print_nl();
+ inc_indent(vdpa->indent);
+ print_indent(vdpa->indent);
+ }
+ open_json_array(PRINT_ANY, name);
+}
+
+static void pr_out_array_end(struct vdpa *vdpa)
+{
+ close_json_array(PRINT_JSON, NULL);
+ if (!vdpa->json_output)
+ dec_indent(vdpa->indent);
+}
+
+static const enum mnl_attr_data_type vdpa_policy[VDPA_ATTR_MAX + 1] = {
+ [VDPA_ATTR_MGMTDEV_BUS_NAME] = MNL_TYPE_NUL_STRING,
+ [VDPA_ATTR_MGMTDEV_DEV_NAME] = MNL_TYPE_NUL_STRING,
+ [VDPA_ATTR_DEV_NAME] = MNL_TYPE_STRING,
+ [VDPA_ATTR_DEV_ID] = MNL_TYPE_U32,
+ [VDPA_ATTR_DEV_VENDOR_ID] = MNL_TYPE_U32,
+ [VDPA_ATTR_DEV_MAX_VQS] = MNL_TYPE_U32,
+ [VDPA_ATTR_DEV_MAX_VQ_SIZE] = MNL_TYPE_U16,
+};
+
+static int attr_cb(const struct nlattr *attr, void *data)
+{
+ const struct nlattr **tb = data;
+ int type;
+
+ if (mnl_attr_type_valid(attr, VDPA_ATTR_MAX) < 0)
+ return MNL_CB_OK;
+
+ type = mnl_attr_get_type(attr);
+ if (mnl_attr_validate(attr, vdpa_policy[type]) < 0)
+ return MNL_CB_ERROR;
+
+ tb[type] = attr;
+ return MNL_CB_OK;
+}
+
+static int vdpa_argv_handle(struct vdpa *vdpa, int argc, char **argv,
+ char **p_mdev_bus_name,
+ char **p_mdev_name)
+{
+ unsigned int slashcount;
+ char *str;
+
+ if (argc <= 0 || *argv == NULL) {
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ "vdpa identification (\"mgmtdev_bus_name/mgmtdev_name\") expected\n");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ str = *argv;
+ slashcount = get_str_char_count(str, '/');
+ if (slashcount > 1) {
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ "Wrong vdpa mgmtdev identification string format\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "Expected \"mgmtdev_bus_name/mgmtdev_name\"\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "Expected \"mgmtdev_name\"\n");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ switch (slashcount) {
+ case 0:
+ *p_mdev_bus_name = NULL;
+ *p_mdev_name = str;
+ return 0;
+ case 1:
+ str_split_by_char(str, p_mdev_bus_name, p_mdev_name, '/');
+ return 0;
+ default:
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+}
+
+static int vdpa_argv_str(struct vdpa *vdpa, int argc, char **argv,
+ const char **p_str)
+{
+ if (argc <= 0 || *argv == NULL) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "String parameter expected\n");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ *p_str = *argv;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+struct vdpa_args_metadata {
+ uint64_t o_flag;
+ const char *err_msg;
+};
+
+static const struct vdpa_args_metadata vdpa_args_required[] = {
+ {VDPA_OPT_VDEV_MGMTDEV_HANDLE, "management device handle not set."},
+ {VDPA_OPT_VDEV_NAME, "device name is not set."},
+ {VDPA_OPT_VDEV_HANDLE, "device name is not set."},
+};
+
+static int vdpa_args_finding_required_validate(uint64_t o_required,
+ uint64_t o_found)
+{
+ uint64_t o_flag;
+ int i;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(vdpa_args_required); i++) {
+ o_flag = vdpa_args_required[i].o_flag;
+ if ((o_required & o_flag) && !(o_found & o_flag)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", vdpa_args_required[i].err_msg);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ }
+ if (o_required & ~o_found) {
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ "BUG: unknown argument required but not found\n");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void vdpa_opts_put(struct nlmsghdr *nlh, struct vdpa *vdpa)
+{
+ struct vdpa_opts *opts = &vdpa->opts;
+
+ if ((opts->present & VDPA_OPT_MGMTDEV_HANDLE) ||
+ (opts->present & VDPA_OPT_VDEV_MGMTDEV_HANDLE)) {
+ if (opts->mdev_bus_name)
+ mnl_attr_put_strz(nlh, VDPA_ATTR_MGMTDEV_BUS_NAME,
+ opts->mdev_bus_name);
+ mnl_attr_put_strz(nlh, VDPA_ATTR_MGMTDEV_DEV_NAME,
+ opts->mdev_name);
+ }
+ if ((opts->present & VDPA_OPT_VDEV_NAME) ||
+ (opts->present & VDPA_OPT_VDEV_HANDLE))
+ mnl_attr_put_strz(nlh, VDPA_ATTR_DEV_NAME, opts->vdev_name);
+}
+
+static int vdpa_argv_parse(struct vdpa *vdpa, int argc, char **argv,
+ uint64_t o_required)
+{
+ struct vdpa_opts *opts = &vdpa->opts;
+ uint64_t o_all = o_required;
+ uint64_t o_found = 0;
+ int err;
+
+ if (o_required & VDPA_OPT_MGMTDEV_HANDLE) {
+ err = vdpa_argv_handle(vdpa, argc, argv, &opts->mdev_bus_name,
+ &opts->mdev_name);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+
+ NEXT_ARG_FWD();
+ o_found |= VDPA_OPT_MGMTDEV_HANDLE;
+ } else if (o_required & VDPA_OPT_VDEV_HANDLE) {
+ err = vdpa_argv_str(vdpa, argc, argv, &opts->vdev_name);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+
+ NEXT_ARG_FWD();
+ o_found |= VDPA_OPT_VDEV_HANDLE;
+ }
+
+ while (NEXT_ARG_OK()) {
+ if ((matches(*argv, "name") == 0) &&
+ (o_all & VDPA_OPT_VDEV_NAME)) {
+ const char *namestr;
+
+ NEXT_ARG_FWD();
+ err = vdpa_argv_str(vdpa, argc, argv, &namestr);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+ opts->vdev_name = namestr;
+ NEXT_ARG_FWD();
+ o_found |= VDPA_OPT_VDEV_NAME;
+ } else if ((matches(*argv, "mgmtdev") == 0) &&
+ (o_all & VDPA_OPT_VDEV_MGMTDEV_HANDLE)) {
+ NEXT_ARG_FWD();
+ err = vdpa_argv_handle(vdpa, argc, argv,
+ &opts->mdev_bus_name,
+ &opts->mdev_name);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+
+ NEXT_ARG_FWD();
+ o_found |= VDPA_OPT_VDEV_MGMTDEV_HANDLE;
+ } else {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Unknown option \"%s\"\n", *argv);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ }
+
+ opts->present = o_found;
+
+ return vdpa_args_finding_required_validate(o_required, o_found);
+}
+
+static int vdpa_argv_parse_put(struct nlmsghdr *nlh, struct vdpa *vdpa,
+ int argc, char **argv,
+ uint64_t o_required)
+{
+ int err;
+
+ err = vdpa_argv_parse(vdpa, argc, argv, o_required);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+ vdpa_opts_put(nlh, vdpa);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void cmd_mgmtdev_help(void)
+{
+ fprintf(stderr, "Usage: vdpa mgmtdev show [ DEV ]\n");
+}
+
+static void pr_out_handle_start(struct vdpa *vdpa, struct nlattr **tb)
+{
+ const char *mdev_bus_name = NULL;
+ const char *mdev_name;
+ SPRINT_BUF(buf);
+
+ mdev_name = mnl_attr_get_str(tb[VDPA_ATTR_MGMTDEV_DEV_NAME]);
+ if (tb[VDPA_ATTR_MGMTDEV_BUS_NAME]) {
+ mdev_bus_name = mnl_attr_get_str(tb[VDPA_ATTR_MGMTDEV_BUS_NAME]);
+ sprintf(buf, "%s/%s", mdev_bus_name, mdev_name);
+ } else {
+ sprintf(buf, "%s", mdev_name);
+ }
+
+ if (vdpa->json_output)
+ open_json_object(buf);
+ else
+ printf("%s: ", buf);
+}
+
+static void pr_out_handle_end(struct vdpa *vdpa)
+{
+ if (vdpa->json_output)
+ close_json_object();
+ else
+ print_nl();
+}
+
+static void __pr_out_vdev_handle_start(struct vdpa *vdpa, const char *vdev_name)
+{
+ SPRINT_BUF(buf);
+
+ sprintf(buf, "%s", vdev_name);
+ if (vdpa->json_output)
+ open_json_object(buf);
+ else
+ printf("%s: ", buf);
+}
+
+static void pr_out_vdev_handle_start(struct vdpa *vdpa, struct nlattr **tb)
+{
+ const char *vdev_name;
+
+ vdev_name = mnl_attr_get_str(tb[VDPA_ATTR_DEV_NAME]);
+ __pr_out_vdev_handle_start(vdpa, vdev_name);
+}
+
+static void pr_out_vdev_handle_end(struct vdpa *vdpa)
+{
+ if (vdpa->json_output)
+ close_json_object();
+ else
+ print_nl();
+}
+
+static struct str_num_map class_map[] = {
+ { .str = "net", .num = VIRTIO_ID_NET },
+ { .str = "block", .num = VIRTIO_ID_BLOCK },
+ { .str = NULL, },
+};
+
+static const char *parse_class(int num)
+{
+ const char *class;
+
+ class = str_map_lookup_uint(class_map, num);
+ return class ? class : "< unknown class >";
+}
+
+static void pr_out_mgmtdev_show(struct vdpa *vdpa, const struct nlmsghdr *nlh,
+ struct nlattr **tb)
+{
+ const char *class;
+ unsigned int i;
+
+ pr_out_handle_start(vdpa, tb);
+
+ if (tb[VDPA_ATTR_MGMTDEV_SUPPORTED_CLASSES]) {
+ uint64_t classes = mnl_attr_get_u64(tb[VDPA_ATTR_MGMTDEV_SUPPORTED_CLASSES]);
+
+ pr_out_array_start(vdpa, "supported_classes");
+
+ for (i = 1; i < 64; i++) {
+ if ((classes & (1ULL << i)) == 0)
+ continue;
+
+ class = parse_class(i);
+ print_string(PRINT_ANY, NULL, " %s", class);
+ }
+ pr_out_array_end(vdpa);
+ }
+
+ pr_out_handle_end(vdpa);
+}
+
+static int cmd_mgmtdev_show_cb(const struct nlmsghdr *nlh, void *data)
+{
+ struct genlmsghdr *genl = mnl_nlmsg_get_payload(nlh);
+ struct nlattr *tb[VDPA_ATTR_MAX + 1] = {};
+ struct vdpa *vdpa = data;
+
+ mnl_attr_parse(nlh, sizeof(*genl), attr_cb, tb);
+
+ if (!tb[VDPA_ATTR_MGMTDEV_DEV_NAME])
+ return MNL_CB_ERROR;
+
+ pr_out_mgmtdev_show(vdpa, nlh, tb);
+
+ return MNL_CB_OK;
+}
+
+static int cmd_mgmtdev_show(struct vdpa *vdpa, int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ uint16_t flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK;
+ struct nlmsghdr *nlh;
+ int err;
+
+ if (argc == 0)
+ flags |= NLM_F_DUMP;
+
+ nlh = mnlu_gen_socket_cmd_prepare(&vdpa->nlg, VDPA_CMD_MGMTDEV_GET,
+ flags);
+ if (argc > 0) {
+ err = vdpa_argv_parse_put(nlh, vdpa, argc, argv,
+ VDPA_OPT_MGMTDEV_HANDLE);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+ }
+
+ pr_out_section_start(vdpa, "mgmtdev");
+ err = mnlu_gen_socket_sndrcv(&vdpa->nlg, nlh, cmd_mgmtdev_show_cb, vdpa);
+ pr_out_section_end(vdpa);
+ return err;
+}
+
+static int cmd_mgmtdev(struct vdpa *vdpa, int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ if (!argc || matches(*argv, "help") == 0) {
+ cmd_mgmtdev_help();
+ return 0;
+ } else if (matches(*argv, "show") == 0 ||
+ matches(*argv, "list") == 0) {
+ return cmd_mgmtdev_show(vdpa, argc - 1, argv + 1);
+ }
+ fprintf(stderr, "Command \"%s\" not found\n", *argv);
+ return -ENOENT;
+}
+
+static void cmd_dev_help(void)
+{
+ fprintf(stderr, "Usage: vdpa dev show [ DEV ]\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, " vdpa dev add name NAME mgmtdev MANAGEMENTDEV\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, " vdpa dev del DEV\n");
+}
+
+static const char *device_type_name(uint32_t type)
+{
+ switch (type) {
+ case 0x1: return "network";
+ case 0x2: return "block";
+ default: return "<unknown type>";
+ }
+}
+
+static void pr_out_dev(struct vdpa *vdpa, struct nlattr **tb)
+{
+ const char *mdev_name = mnl_attr_get_str(tb[VDPA_ATTR_MGMTDEV_DEV_NAME]);
+ uint32_t device_id = mnl_attr_get_u32(tb[VDPA_ATTR_DEV_ID]);
+ const char *mdev_bus_name = NULL;
+ char mgmtdev_buf[128];
+
+ if (tb[VDPA_ATTR_MGMTDEV_BUS_NAME])
+ mdev_bus_name = mnl_attr_get_str(tb[VDPA_ATTR_MGMTDEV_BUS_NAME]);
+
+ if (mdev_bus_name)
+ sprintf(mgmtdev_buf, "%s/%s", mdev_bus_name, mdev_name);
+ else
+ sprintf(mgmtdev_buf, "%s", mdev_name);
+ pr_out_vdev_handle_start(vdpa, tb);
+ print_string(PRINT_ANY, "type", "type %s", device_type_name(device_id));
+ print_string(PRINT_ANY, "mgmtdev", " mgmtdev %s", mgmtdev_buf);
+
+ if (tb[VDPA_ATTR_DEV_VENDOR_ID])
+ print_uint(PRINT_ANY, "vendor_id", " vendor_id %u",
+ mnl_attr_get_u32(tb[VDPA_ATTR_DEV_VENDOR_ID]));
+ if (tb[VDPA_ATTR_DEV_MAX_VQS])
+ print_uint(PRINT_ANY, "max_vqs", " max_vqs %u",
+ mnl_attr_get_u32(tb[VDPA_ATTR_DEV_MAX_VQS]));
+ if (tb[VDPA_ATTR_DEV_MAX_VQ_SIZE])
+ print_uint(PRINT_ANY, "max_vq_size", " max_vq_size %u",
+ mnl_attr_get_u16(tb[VDPA_ATTR_DEV_MAX_VQ_SIZE]));
+ pr_out_vdev_handle_end(vdpa);
+}
+
+static int cmd_dev_show_cb(const struct nlmsghdr *nlh, void *data)
+{
+ struct genlmsghdr *genl = mnl_nlmsg_get_payload(nlh);
+ struct nlattr *tb[VDPA_ATTR_MAX + 1] = {};
+ struct vdpa *vdpa = data;
+
+ mnl_attr_parse(nlh, sizeof(*genl), attr_cb, tb);
+ if (!tb[VDPA_ATTR_MGMTDEV_DEV_NAME] ||
+ !tb[VDPA_ATTR_DEV_NAME] || !tb[VDPA_ATTR_DEV_ID])
+ return MNL_CB_ERROR;
+ pr_out_dev(vdpa, tb);
+ return MNL_CB_OK;
+}
+
+static int cmd_dev_show(struct vdpa *vdpa, int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ uint16_t flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK;
+ struct nlmsghdr *nlh;
+ int err;
+
+ if (argc <= 0)
+ flags |= NLM_F_DUMP;
+
+ nlh = mnlu_gen_socket_cmd_prepare(&vdpa->nlg, VDPA_CMD_DEV_GET, flags);
+ if (argc > 0) {
+ err = vdpa_argv_parse_put(nlh, vdpa, argc, argv,
+ VDPA_OPT_VDEV_HANDLE);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+ }
+
+ pr_out_section_start(vdpa, "dev");
+ err = mnlu_gen_socket_sndrcv(&vdpa->nlg, nlh, cmd_dev_show_cb, vdpa);
+ pr_out_section_end(vdpa);
+ return err;
+}
+
+static int cmd_dev_add(struct vdpa *vdpa, int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ struct nlmsghdr *nlh;
+ int err;
+
+ nlh = mnlu_gen_socket_cmd_prepare(&vdpa->nlg, VDPA_CMD_DEV_NEW,
+ NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK);
+ err = vdpa_argv_parse_put(nlh, vdpa, argc, argv,
+ VDPA_OPT_VDEV_MGMTDEV_HANDLE | VDPA_OPT_VDEV_NAME);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+
+ return mnlu_gen_socket_sndrcv(&vdpa->nlg, nlh, NULL, NULL);
+}
+
+static int cmd_dev_del(struct vdpa *vdpa, int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ struct nlmsghdr *nlh;
+ int err;
+
+ nlh = mnlu_gen_socket_cmd_prepare(&vdpa->nlg, VDPA_CMD_DEV_DEL,
+ NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK);
+ err = vdpa_argv_parse_put(nlh, vdpa, argc, argv, VDPA_OPT_VDEV_HANDLE);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+
+ return mnlu_gen_socket_sndrcv(&vdpa->nlg, nlh, NULL, NULL);
+}
+
+static int cmd_dev(struct vdpa *vdpa, int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ if (!argc)
+ return cmd_dev_show(vdpa, argc - 1, argv + 1);
+
+ if (matches(*argv, "help") == 0) {
+ cmd_dev_help();
+ return 0;
+ } else if (matches(*argv, "show") == 0 ||
+ matches(*argv, "list") == 0) {
+ return cmd_dev_show(vdpa, argc - 1, argv + 1);
+ } else if (matches(*argv, "add") == 0) {
+ return cmd_dev_add(vdpa, argc - 1, argv + 1);
+ } else if (matches(*argv, "del") == 0) {
+ return cmd_dev_del(vdpa, argc - 1, argv + 1);
+ }
+ fprintf(stderr, "Command \"%s\" not found\n", *argv);
+ return -ENOENT;
+}
+
+static void help(void)
+{
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ "Usage: vdpa [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }\n"
+ "where OBJECT := { mgmtdev | dev }\n"
+ " OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -n[o-nice-names] | -j[son] | -p[retty] | -v[erbose] }\n");
+}
+
+static int vdpa_cmd(struct vdpa *vdpa, int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ if (!argc || matches(*argv, "help") == 0) {
+ help();
+ return 0;
+ } else if (matches(*argv, "mgmtdev") == 0) {
+ return cmd_mgmtdev(vdpa, argc - 1, argv + 1);
+ } else if (matches(*argv, "dev") == 0) {
+ return cmd_dev(vdpa, argc - 1, argv + 1);
+ }
+ fprintf(stderr, "Object \"%s\" not found\n", *argv);
+ return -ENOENT;
+}
+
+static int vdpa_init(struct vdpa *vdpa)
+{
+ int err;
+
+ err = mnlu_gen_socket_open(&vdpa->nlg, VDPA_GENL_NAME,
+ VDPA_GENL_VERSION);
+ if (err) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Failed to connect to vdpa Netlink\n");
+ return -errno;
+ }
+ new_json_obj_plain(vdpa->json_output);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void vdpa_fini(struct vdpa *vdpa)
+{
+ delete_json_obj_plain();
+ mnlu_gen_socket_close(&vdpa->nlg);
+}
+
+static struct vdpa *vdpa_alloc(void)
+{
+ struct vdpa *vdpa = calloc(1, sizeof(struct vdpa));
+
+ if (!vdpa)
+ return NULL;
+
+ vdpa->indent = alloc_indent_mem();
+ if (!vdpa->indent)
+ goto indent_err;
+
+ return vdpa;
+
+indent_err:
+ free(vdpa);
+ return NULL;
+}
+
+static void vdpa_free(struct vdpa *vdpa)
+{
+ free_indent_mem(vdpa->indent);
+ free(vdpa);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ static const struct option long_options[] = {
+ { "Version", no_argument, NULL, 'V' },
+ { "json", no_argument, NULL, 'j' },
+ { "pretty", no_argument, NULL, 'p' },
+ { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
+ { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
+ };
+ struct vdpa *vdpa;
+ int opt;
+ int err;
+ int ret;
+
+ vdpa = vdpa_alloc();
+ if (!vdpa) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate memory for vdpa\n");
+ return EXIT_FAILURE;
+ }
+
+ while ((opt = getopt_long(argc, argv, "Vjpsh", long_options, NULL)) >= 0) {
+ switch (opt) {
+ case 'V':
+ printf("vdpa utility, iproute2-%s\n", version);
+ ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
+ goto vdpa_free;
+ case 'j':
+ vdpa->json_output = true;
+ break;
+ case 'p':
+ pretty = true;
+ break;
+ case 'h':
+ help();
+ ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
+ goto vdpa_free;
+ default:
+ fprintf(stderr, "Unknown option.\n");
+ help();
+ ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto vdpa_free;
+ }
+ }
+
+ argc -= optind;
+ argv += optind;
+
+ err = vdpa_init(vdpa);
+ if (err) {
+ ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto vdpa_free;
+ }
+
+ err = vdpa_cmd(vdpa, argc, argv);
+ if (err) {
+ ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto vdpa_fini;
+ }
+
+ ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
+
+vdpa_fini:
+ vdpa_fini(vdpa);
+vdpa_free:
+ vdpa_free(vdpa);
+ return ret;
+}