displays the location of the matching object
and the (hexadecimal) address at which it is loaded.
(The
-.I linux-vdso
+.I linux\-vdso
and
-.I ld-linux
+.I ld\-linux
shared dependencies are special; see
.BR vdso (7)
and
.SS Security
Be aware that in some circumstances
(e.g., where the program specifies an ELF interpreter other than
-.IR ld-linux.so ),
+.IR ld\-linux.so ),
.\" The circumstances are where the program has an interpreter
.\" other than ld-linux.so. In this case, ldd tries to execute the
.\" program directly with LD_TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS=1, with the
command can also be provided with one or more arguments,
which are the names of locale keywords (for example,
.IR date_fmt ,
-.IR ctype-class-names ,
+.IR ctype\-class\-names ,
.IR yesexpr ,
or
.IR decimal_point )
If no
.I charmapfile
is given, the value
-.I ANSI_X3.4-1968
+.I ANSI_X3.4\-1968
(for ASCII) is used by default.
If no
.I inputfile
.TP
.B KEY_SPEC_THREAD_KEYRING
This specifies the caller's thread-specific keyring
-.RB ( thread-keyring (7)).
+.RB ( thread\-keyring (7)).
.TP
.B KEY_SPEC_PROCESS_KEYRING
This specifies the caller's process-specific keyring
-.RB ( process-keyring (7)).
+.RB ( process\-keyring (7)).
.TP
.B KEY_SPEC_SESSION_KEYRING
This specifies the caller's session-specific keyring
-.RB ( session-keyring (7)).
+.RB ( session\-keyring (7)).
.TP
.B KEY_SPEC_USER_KEYRING
This specifies the caller's UID-specific keyring
-.RB ( user-keyring (7)).
+.RB ( user\-keyring (7)).
.TP
.B KEY_SPEC_USER_SESSION_KEYRING
This specifies the caller's UID-session keyring
-.RB ( user-session-keyring (7)).
+.RB ( user\-session\-keyring (7)).
.SS Key types
The key
.I type
expects to read 8 bytes from the location pointed to by
.IR key ,
but the
-.I fp\ -\ 4
+.I fp\ \-\ 4
(where
.I fp
is the top of the stack)
user addresses in the range
.I addr
to
-.IR (addr+nbytes-1) .
+.IR (addr+nbytes\-1) .
.I cache
may be one of:
.TP
Some or all of the address range
.I addr
to
-.I (addr+nbytes-1)
+.I (addr+nbytes\-1)
is not accessible.
.TP
.B EINVAL
.BR capget ()
calls, one can probe the capabilities of any process by specifying its
process ID with the
-.I hdrp->pid
+.I hdrp\->pid
field value.
.PP
For details on the data, see
That is, on kernels that have VFS capabilities support, when calling
.BR capset (),
the only permitted values for
-.I hdrp->pid
+.I hdrp\->pid
are 0 or, equivalently, the value returned by
.BR gettid (2).
.\"
.BR lslocks (8)
.PP
.IR locks.txt ,
-.IR mandatory-locking.txt ,
+.IR mandatory\-locking.txt ,
and
.I dnotify.txt
in the Linux kernel source directory
(on older kernels, these files are directly under the
.I Documentation/
directory, and
-.I mandatory-locking.txt
+.I mandatory\-locking.txt
is called
.IR mandatory.txt )
.TP
.B EINVAL
The value in
-.I cmdline[cmdline_len-1]
+.I cmdline[cmdline_len\-1]
is not \(aq\e0\(aq.
.TP
.B EINVAL
.TP
.BR KEY_REQKEY_DEFL_THREAD_KEYRING
Use the thread-specific keyring
-.RB ( thread-keyring (7))
+.RB ( thread\-keyring (7))
as the new default keyring.
.TP
.BR KEY_REQKEY_DEFL_PROCESS_KEYRING
Use the process-specific keyring
-.RB ( process-keyring (7))
+.RB ( process\-keyring (7))
as the new default keyring.
.TP
.BR KEY_REQKEY_DEFL_SESSION_KEYRING
Use the session-specific keyring
-.RB ( session-keyring (7))
+.RB ( session\-keyring (7))
as the new default keyring.
.TP
.BR KEY_REQKEY_DEFL_USER_KEYRING
Use the UID-specific keyring
-.RB ( user-keyring (7))
+.RB ( user\-keyring (7))
as the new default keyring.
.TP
.BR KEY_REQKEY_DEFL_USER_SESSION_KEYRING
Use the UID-specific session keyring
-.RB ( user-session-keyring (7))
+.RB ( user\-session\-keyring (7))
as the new default keyring.
.TP
.BR KEY_REQKEY_DEFL_REQUESTOR_KEYRING " (since Linux 2.6.29)"
.BR KEYCTL_GET_PERSISTENT " (since Linux 3.13)"
.\" commit f36f8c75ae2e7d4da34f4c908cebdb4aa42c977e
Get the persistent keyring
-.RB ( persistent-keyring (7))
+.RB ( persistent\-keyring (7))
for a specified user and link it to a specified keyring.
.IP
The user ID is specified in
The
.I <numaif.h>
header is not included with glibc, but requires installing
-.I libnuma-devel
+.I libnuma\-devel
or a similar package.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR get_mempolicy (2),
The
.I <numaif.h>
header is not included with glibc, but requires installing
-.I libnuma-devel
+.I libnuma\-devel
or a similar package.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR get_mempolicy (2),
on a 32-bit platform without
.I \-D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64
tried to open a file whose size exceeds
-.I (1<<31)-1
+.I (1<<31)\-1
bytes;
see also
.B O_LARGEFILE
The caller can discover the required size for the
.I file_handle
structure by making a call in which
-.IR handle->handle_bytes
+.IR handle\->handle_bytes
is zero;
in this case, the call fails with the error
.BR EOVERFLOW
and
-.IR handle->handle_bytes
+.IR handle\->handle_bytes
is set to indicate the required size;
the caller can then use this information to allocate a structure
of the correct size (see EXAMPLES below).
.TP
.B EOVERFLOW
The
-.I handle->handle_bytes
+.I handle\->handle_bytes
value passed into the call was too small.
When this error occurs,
-.I handle->handle_bytes
+.I handle\->handle_bytes
is updated to indicate the required size for the handle.
.\"
.\"
points outside your accessible address space.
.TP
.B EINVAL
-.I handle->handle_bytes
+.I handle\->handle_bytes
is greater than
.BR MAX_HANDLE_SZ
or is equal to zero.
and
.I libmount
documentation in the latest
-.I util-linux
+.I util\-linux
release at
.UR https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util\-linux/
.UE
For example, on x86,
.I rax
==
-.RB - ENOSYS
+.RB \- ENOSYS
in syscall-enter-stop.
Since
.B SIGTRAP
and at this point
.I rax
almost never contains
-.RB - ENOSYS ,
+.RB \- ENOSYS ,
the
.B SIGTRAP
looks like "syscall-stop which is not syscall-enter-stop";
.B EPERM
.I tgid
specifies a process other than the caller and
-.I info->si_code
+.I info\->si_code
is invalid.
.TP
.B ESRCH
calls
.BR stat ()
on a file whose size exceeds
-.I (1<<31)-1
+.I (1<<31)\-1
bytes.
.PP
The following additional errors can occur for
Synchronization is in units of the system page size:
.I offset
is rounded down to a page boundary;
-.I (offset+nbytes-1)
+.I (offset+nbytes\-1)
is rounded up to a page boundary.
.PP
The
.BR timer_create (2).
.PP
If
-.I new_value->it_value
+.I new_value\->it_value
specifies a nonzero value (i.e., either subfield is nonzero), then
.BR timer_settime ()
arms (starts) the timer,
(If the timer was already armed,
then the previous settings are overwritten.)
If
-.I new_value->it_value
+.I new_value\->it_value
specifies a zero value
(i.e., both subfields are zero),
then the timer is disarmed.
.PP
The
-.I new_value->it_interval
+.I new_value\->it_interval
field specifies the period of the timer, in seconds and nanoseconds.
If this field is nonzero, then each time that an armed timer expires,
the timer is reloaded from the value specified in
-.IR new_value->it_interval .
+.IR new_value\->it_interval .
If
-.I new_value->it_interval
+.I new_value\->it_interval
specifies a zero value,
then the timer expires just once, at the time specified by
.IR it_value .
.PP
By default, the initial expiration time specified in
-.I new_value->it_value
+.I new_value\->it_value
is interpreted relative to the current time on the timer's
clock at the time of the call.
This can be modified by specifying
in
.IR flags ,
in which case
-.I new_value->it_value
+.I new_value\->it_value
is interpreted as an absolute value as measured on the timer's clock;
that is, the timer will expire when the clock value reaches the
value specified by
-.IR new_value->it_value .
+.IR new_value\->it_value .
If the specified absolute time has already passed,
then the timer expires immediately,
and the overrun count (see
.I old_value
is not NULL, then it points to a buffer
that is used to return the previous interval of the timer (in
-.IR old_value->it_interval )
+.IR old_value\->it_interval )
and the amount of time until the timer
would previously have next expired (in
-.IR old_value->it_value ).
+.IR old_value\->it_value ).
.PP
.BR timer_gettime ()
returns the time until next expiration, and the interval,
in the buffer pointed to by
.IR curr_value .
The time remaining until the next timer expiration is returned in
-.IR curr_value->it_value ;
+.IR curr_value\->it_value ;
this is always a relative value, regardless of whether the
.BR TIMER_ABSTIME
flag was used when arming the timer.
If the value returned in
-.IR curr_value->it_value
+.IR curr_value\->it_value
is zero, then the timer is currently disarmed.
The timer interval is returned in
-.IR curr_value->it_interval .
+.IR curr_value\->it_interval .
If the value returned in
-.IR curr_value->it_interval
+.IR curr_value\->it_interval
is zero, then this is a "one-shot" timer.
.SH RETURN VALUE
On success,
.BR CPU_ALLOC ()
Allocate a CPU set large enough to hold CPUs
in the range 0 to
-.IR num_cpus-1 .
+.IR num_cpus\-1 .
.TP
.BR CPU_ALLOC_SIZE ()
Return the size in bytes of the CPU set that would be needed to
hold CPUs in the range 0 to
-.IR num_cpus-1 .
+.IR num_cpus\-1 .
This macro provides the value that can be used for the
.I setsize
argument in the
.BR EAFNOSUPPORT " (" EPFNOSUPPORT " in glibc 2.7 and earlier)"
.I sin
is not NULL and
-.I sin->sin_family
+.I sin\->sin_family
is not
.BR AF_INET .
.SH ATTRIBUTES
is used to store result data and bookkeeping information.
Other than allocating it,
the only thing that the caller should do with this structure is to set
-.I data->initialized
+.I data\->initialized
to zero before the first call to
.BR crypt_r ().
.SH RETURN VALUE
.I addr
could be matched to a shared object,
but not to a symbol in the shared object, then the
-.I info->dli_sname
+.I info\->dli_sname
and
-.I info->dli_saddr
+.I info\->dli_saddr
fields are set to NULL.
.PP
If the address specified in
.PP
If the result overflows, a range error occurs,
and the functions return
-.RB - HUGE_VAL ,
-.RB - HUGE_VALF ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VAL ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VALF ,
or
-.RB - HUGE_VALL ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VALL ,
respectively.
.SH ERRORS
See
On Linux,
.BR killpg ()
is implemented as a library function that makes the call
-.IR "kill(-pgrp,\ sig)" .
+.IR "kill(\-pgrp,\ sig)" .
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR getpgrp (2),
.BR kill (2),
.PP
.I locks.txt
and
-.I mandatory-locking.txt
+.I mandatory\-locking.txt
in the Linux kernel source directory
.IR Documentation/filesystems
(on older kernels, these files are directly under the
.I Documentation
directory, and
-.I mandatory-locking.txt
+.I mandatory\-locking.txt
is called
.IR mandatory.txt )
.I x
is zero,
then a pole error occurs, and the functions return
-.RB - HUGE_VAL ,
-.RB - HUGE_VALF ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VAL ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VALF ,
or
-.RB - HUGE_VALL ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VALL ,
respectively.
.PP
If
.I x
is \-1, a pole error occurs,
and the functions return
-.RB - HUGE_VAL ,
-.RB - HUGE_VALF ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VAL ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VALF ,
or
-.RB - HUGE_VALL ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VALL ,
respectively.
.PP
If
If
.I x
is zero, then a pole error occurs, and the functions return
-.RB - HUGE_VAL ,
-.RB - HUGE_VALF ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VAL ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VALF ,
or
-.RB - HUGE_VALL ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VALL ,
respectively.
.PP
If
quiet NaNs, these functions return zero.
.PP
The call
-.I nan("char-sequence")
+.I nan("char\-sequence")
is equivalent to:
.PP
.in +4n
it will no longer be possible to create new threads (or processes).
.PP
There is no pthreads analog of
-.IR "waitpid(-1,\ &status,\ 0)" ,
+.IR "waitpid(\-1,\ &status,\ 0)" ,
that is, "join with any terminated thread".
If you believe you need this functionality,
you probably need to rethink your application design.
is an ISO 3166 country code, and
.I codeset
is a character set or encoding identifier like
-.B "ISO-8859-1"
+.B "ISO\-8859\-1"
or
-.BR "UTF-8" .
+.BR "UTF\-8" .
For a list of all supported locales, try "locale \-a" (see
.BR locale (1)).
.PP
is negative,
a domain error occurs,
and the functions return
-.RB - HUGE_VAL ,
-.RB - HUGE_VALF ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VAL ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VALF ,
or
-.RB - HUGE_VALL ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VALL ,
respectively.
(POSIX.1-2001 also allows a NaN return for this case.)
.PP
is 0.0,
a pole error occurs,
and the functions return
-.RB - HUGE_VAL ,
-.RB - HUGE_VALF ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VAL ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VALF ,
or
-.RB - HUGE_VALL ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VALL ,
respectively.
.PP
If the result underflows,
If the result overflows,
a range error occurs,
and the functions return
-.RB - HUGE_VAL ,
-.RB - HUGE_VALF ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VAL ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VALF ,
or
-.RB - HUGE_VALL ,
+.RB \- HUGE_VALL ,
respectively.
(POSIX.1-2001 also allows a 0.0 return for this case.)
.SH ERRORS
.BR SHT_NOTE .
No attribute types are used.
.TP
-.IR .note.ABI-tag
+.IR .note.ABI\-tag
This section is used to declare the expected run-time ABI of the ELF image.
It may include the operating system name and its run-time versions.
This section is of type
The only attribute used is
.BR SHF_ALLOC .
.TP
-.IR .note.gnu.build-id
+.IR .note.gnu.build\-id
This section is used to hold an ID that uniquely identifies
the contents of the ELF image.
Different files with the same build ID should contain the same executable
The only attribute used is
.BR SHF_ALLOC .
.TP
-.IR .note.GNU-stack
+.IR .note.GNU\-stack
This section is used in Linux object files for declaring stack attributes.
This section is of type
.BR SHT_PROGBITS .
followed by the number representing used collation levels.
This keyword is recognized but ignored by glibc.
.TP
-.I collating-element
+.I collating\-element
followed by the definition of a collating-element symbol
representing a multicharacter collating element.
.TP
-.I collating-symbol
+.I collating\-symbol
followed by the definition of a collating symbol
that can be used in collation order statements.
.TP
.I endif
construct.
.TP
-.I reorder-after
+.I reorder\-after
followed by a redefinition of a collation rule.
.TP
-.I reorder-end
+.I reorder\-end
marks the end of the redefinition of a collation rule.
.TP
-.I reorder-sections-after
+.I reorde\r-sections\-after
followed by a script name to reorder listed scripts after.
.TP
-.I reorder-sections-end
+.I reorder\-sections\-end
marks the end of the reordering of sections.
.TP
.I script
followed by a declaration of a script.
.TP
-.I symbol-equivalence
+.I symbol\-equivalence
followed by a collating-symbol to be equivalent to another defined
collating-symbol.
.PP
related to filesystems.
.TP
.IR /proc/sys/fs/aio\-max\-nr " and " /proc/sys/fs/aio\-nr " (since Linux 2.6.4)"
-.I aio-nr
+.I aio\-nr
is the running total of the number of events specified by
.BR io_setup (2)
calls for all currently active AIO contexts.
If
-.I aio-nr
+.I aio\-nr
reaches
-.IR aio-max-nr ,
+.IR aio\-max\-nr ,
then
.BR io_setup (2)
will fail with the error
.BR EAGAIN .
Raising
-.I aio-max-nr
+.I aio\-max\-nr
does not result in the preallocation or resizing
of any kernel data structures.
.TP
This subdirectory contains one subdirectory for each of the
huge page sizes that the system supports.
The subdirectory name indicates the huge page size (e.g.,
-.IR hugepages-2048kB ).
+.IR hugepages\-2048kB ).
Within each of these subdirectories is a set of files
that can be used to view and (in some cases) change settings
associated with that huge page size.
then the function can be regarded as safe.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR pthreads (7),
-.BR signal-safety (7)
+.BR signal\-safety (7)
used for common peripherals like IDE hard disks, floppies, serial
ports, and so on.
.PP
-.I scsi-id
+.I scsi\-id
-- the ID that the host adapter uses to identify itself on the
SCSI bus.
Only some host adapters allow you to change this value, as
The parameters can be accessed by reading or writing files in the directory
.IR /proc/sys/net/atalk/ .
.TP
-.I aarp-expiry-time
+.I aarp\-expiry\-time
The time interval (in seconds) before an AARP cache entry expires.
.TP
-.I aarp-resolve-time
+.I aarp\-resolve\-time
The time interval (in seconds) before an AARP cache entry is resolved.
.TP
-.I aarp-retransmit-limit
+.I aarp\-retransmit\-limit
The number of retransmissions of an AARP query before the node is declared
dead.
.TP
-.I aarp-tick-time
+.I aarp\-tick\-time
The timer rate (in seconds) for the timer driving AARP.
.PP
The default values match the specification and should never need to be
.B PAGER
The user's preferred utility to display text files.
Any string acceptable as a command_string operand to the
-.I sh -c
+.I sh\ \-c
command shall be valid.
.TP
.BR EDITOR / VISUAL
The user's preferred utility to edit text files.
Any string acceptable as a command_string operand to the
-.I sh -c
+.I sh\ \-c
command shall be valid.
.\" .TP
.\" .B BROWSER
The individual compiled locale data files are searched for under
subdirectories which depend on the currently used locale.
For example, when
-.I en_GB.UTF-8
+.I en_GB.UTF\-8
is used for a category, the following subdirectories are searched for,
in this order:
-.IR en_GB.UTF-8 ,
+.IR en_GB.UTF\-8 ,
.IR en_GB.utf8 ,
.IR en_GB ,
-.IR en.UTF-8 ,
+.IR en.UTF\-8 ,
.IR en.utf8 ,
and
.IR en .
.PP
The
.BR gcc (1)
-.I "\-fno-math-errno"
+.I "\-fno\-math\-errno"
option causes the executable to employ implementations of some
mathematical functions that are faster than the standard
implementations, but do not set
on error.
(The
.BR gcc (1)
-.I "\-ffast-math"
+.I "\-ffast\-math"
option also enables
-.IR "\-fno-math-errno" .)
+.IR "\-fno\-math\-errno" .)
An error can still be tested for using
.BR fetestexcept (3).
.SH SEE ALSO
in the new namespace,
.BR unshare (1)
(since
-.IR util-linux
+.IR util\-linux
version 2.27) in turn reverses the step performed by
.BR systemd (1),
by making all mount points private in the new namespace.
For the initial user namespace,
the default value in each of these files is half the limit on the number
of threads that may be created
-.RI ( /proc/sys/kernel/threads-max ).
+.RI ( /proc/sys/kernel/threads\-max ).
In all descendant user namespaces, the default value in each file is
.BR MAXINT .
.IP *
The package is also included in some Linux distributions.
Some distributions include the development library and header
in the separate
-.I numactl-devel
+.I numactl\-devel
package.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR get_mempolicy (2),
Since kernel version 2.6.18, Linux is gradually
becoming equipped with real-time capabilities,
most of which are derived from the former
-.I realtime-preempt
+.I realtime\-preempt
patch set.
Until the patches have been completely merged into the
mainline kernel,
.BR lynx (1),
.BR man2html (1),
.BR mailaddr (7),
-.BR utf-8 (7)
+.BR utf\-8 (7)
.PP
.UR http://www.ietf.org\:/rfc\:/rfc2255.txt
IETF RFC\ 2255
.B ld.so
command line options
.BR \-\-audit ,
-.BR \-\-library-path ,
+.BR \-\-library\-path ,
and
.B \-\-preload
(see below), and
The cache is used by the run-time linker,
.I ld.so
or
-.IR ld-linux.so .
+.IR ld\-linux.so .
.B ldconfig
checks the header and filenames of the libraries it encounters when
determining which versions should have their links updated.
will only look at files that are named
.I lib*.so*
(for regular shared objects) or
-.I ld-*.so*
+.I ld\-*.so*
(for the dynamic loader itself).
Other files will be ignored.
Also,
projects / thirdparty / man-pages.git / commitdiff
